vvEPA
                          United States
                          Environmental Protection
                          Agency
                          Air And Radiation
                          (6102)
EPA410-K-94-001
May 1994
Implementation  Strategy
For  The  Clean  Air Act
Amendments  Of  1990
                         Update,  May  1994
 INTRODUCTION

    This is the fourth in a series of Implementation Strat-
    egy documents issued to inform Congress and the
 public on the status of activities implementing the Clean
 Air Act Amendments of 1990. The paragraphs immedi-
 ately following present highlights of the past year's
 activities, as well as a summary of achievements to date.
 The remainder of the document consists of a cumulative
 list of significant actions already taken to carry out the
 1990 Amendments, as well as a two-year projection of
 future activities.
  An overarching Clean Air Act goal of this Administra-
 tion is to restore the confidence of key constituencies-
 including Congress, business, state and local governments,
 and environmental and health advocates—in EPA's com-
 mitment and competence to carry out the mandates of the
 Act.  To accomplish this, we are streamlining our internal
 processes and working with OMB to cut lag times and
 meet deadlines for regulations, reports, and State Imple-
 mentation Plan (SIP) approvals. We recently announced a
 reform of EPA's rule development system which is ex-
 pected to achieve substantial  reductions in the time it
 takes to move a rule through EPA, and we have  negoti-
 ated with OMB to obtain review exemptions for a substan-
 tial percentage of our rules—about 30 percent have been
 exempted to date, and we expect this to increase  as we
 both become more  comfortable with the exemption process.
 The combined effect of these reforms will greatly  help us
 meet our deadlines.

 HIGHLIGHTS OF THE PAST YEAR

   The past year has been notable for EPA achievements
   in breaking the gridlock on proposing or finalizing a
 number of challenging and important Clean Air Act rules.
Among the highlights of the year's activities are the
 following:

Attainment of Air Quality Standards
• The Clean Air Act is working to bring cleaner air to our"
nation's cities. Air quality data for 1992 show that 46 of
the 98 ozone areas and 21 of  41 carbon monoxide areas
 originally designated as "non-attainment areas" after the
                          1990 Amendments were signed into law now have air
                          quality in line with national health standards.  Many are
                          now going through the process of meeting the Act's
                          requirements for being redesignated as meeting the
                          standards.  Of the ozone areas, 25 have formally submit-
                          ted requests, and four areas already have been
                          redesignated.
                          • Final rules were published requiring that Federally-
                          approved development activities help to achieve air-quality
                          goals by conforming to requirements of the Clean Air Act;
                          consensus on these highly controversial rules was reached^
                          via an unprecedented consultation process among Federe
                          agencies and air-quality officials.

                          Air Toxics Control
                          • A final rule was issued controlling toxic air emissions
                          from chemical plants, reducing toxic emissions by one
                          billion pounds annually.  Final rules were also issued for
                          steel industry coke ovens and dry cleaners.
                          • Rules were proposed for controlling toxic air emissions
                          from seven  more industry categories:  commercial steriliz-
                          ers, magnetic tape coating operations, gasoline marketing,
                          chromium electroplating, pulp and paper production,
                          industrial cooling towers, and degreasing operations.
                          • A comprehensive study of air toxics from automobiles
                          was published, which will be used to assess the need for
                          future controls.

                          Contra/ of Emissions from Vehicles and Fuels
                          • Final rules were published on reformulated gasoline and
                          emission standards for heavy-duty non-road engines.
                          • Final standards were published to reduce particulates
                          from urban  buses by over 90 percent.
                          • A final rule was published controlling emissions from
                          automobile refueling via onboard vapor recovery, breaking
                          years of gridlocked debate on this issue.

                          Protection of Stratospheric Ozone
                          • A number  of final rules protecting stratospheric ozone
                          were published, most notably the rule accelerating to 1995
                          the phaseout of the most harmful ozone-depleting sub-

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stances, including CFCs.  Other rules include a refrigerant
recovery rule, a ban on nonessential products, a require-
ment to label products made with ozone-harming sub-
stances, and rules promoting safe substitutes for these
substances and requiring Federal agencies to avoid procur-
ing ozone-depleting substances.
• Late this spring, a joint EPA-National Weather Service
project will begin producing daily forecasts of ultraviolet
radiation for several U.S. cities.  Television weather
forecasters are expected begin advising the public each
night if extra care should be taken the next day to limit
exposure to the sun ~ for example, by applying  sunscreen
or wearing sunglasses.

NOx Control to Prevent Acid Rain and Smog
• A final rule was published controlling powerplant NOx
emissions as part of the acid rain program.  Several
alternative control technology documents for NOx control
also were published.

Enforcement
• A proposed rule was published  establishing an enhanced
emissions monitoring program for all major sources
covered by the Clean Air Act.
* EPA levied the largest penalty  ever under the  Clean Air
Act ($11.1 million) against the Louisiana-Pacific Corpora-
tion for failure to comply with permitting procedures
under the Act.  The settlement requires state-of-the-art
control equipment which will reduce emissions of particu-
lates, carbon monoxide and volatile organic compounds by
more than 20,000 tons per year.
• Rules were proposed to provide monetary awards to
citizens who uncover violations of the Clean Air Act, and
to allow Federal inspectors to issue on-the-spot notices of
violation for non-compliance with Federal rules.

Economic Incentives
• A final rule was published promoting and providing
guidelines for the use of economic incentives in  Clean Air
Act programs.
• Two major elements of the market-based emissions
trading system for the acid rain  control program - the
allowance tracking system and the allowance allocations
rule „ were put in place. The innovative system of
marketable allowances is expected to cut cleanup cost by
half compared to a comparable non-market program.
  In addition to these rulemaking highlights, a large
number of important supporting actions were taken,
including publishing of several kinds of guidance docu-
ments for use by the States, and approving/disapproving
submittals of State plans to achieve air quality  standards.
Many of these activities are listed in the cumulative
schedule presented later in this report.
SUMMARY OF ACHIEVEMENTS

SINCE ENACTMENT

    Both in terms of emission reductions and number of
    rulemakings, EPA has now completed a large portion
of the rulemaking actions set out by Congress in the 1990
Amendments.  As of the end of March, over 200 actions
have been published in the Federal Register—113 rules
have been proposed, and 88 of these have been completed.
The rules already completed will control emissions from
the most important air pollution sources, and account for
more than 90 percent of the 57 billion pounds of emissions
reductions expected from the 1990 Amendments.  The
remainder of the rules already proposed and under devel-
opment, when completed, will account for much of the
remainder. A summary of the most important of these
rulemakings follows.

Preventing Acid Rain
• We have nearly completed rules implementing the Acid
Rain Program, an innovative market-based program to
protect our lakes, streams and other resources from acid-
rain-causing sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions.

Protecting the Ozone Layer
• We have issued all of the major rules needed to imple-
ment the CAA's program for protecting the stratospheric
ozone layer. The rules require a gradual phase-out of the
production of ozone-depleting chemicals, the labeling of
products containing or manufactured with ozone-depleting
chemicals, and the recycling of ozone-depleting compounds.
• These rules, in combination with international restric-
tions, are expected to halt erosion of the ozone layer.
International agreements to phase out ozone-depleting
chemicals, in which the United States played a leading
role, already have slowed the rate of increase of CFG
concentrations in the stratosphere.  Ozone concentrations
are expected to recover eventually to levels observed prior
to 1985 if these measures continue to be implemented.

 Cleaning up Fuels and Vehicles
' We have issued 15 major final or  proposed rules that will
cut motor vehicle emissions and help to bring clean air to
our nation's cities.  Among these are final rules on tier I
tailpipe standards, on-board diagnostic devices, evaporative
emissions controls, cold-start carbon monoxide standards,
reformulated gasoline, heavy-duty non-road engine stan-
dards, clean fuel fleet programs, urban bus standards, and
on-board vapor recovery.

 Controlling Air Toxics
• We have laid the foundation for cutting toxic emissions
from all major pollution sources by issuing several critical
rules and beginning to move large  numbers of additional
rules through the regulatory pipeline. In addition to the
 aforementioned final rules for the chemical industry, coke

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     Emissions Reduction To Date
                Addressed To Date
                By Final Rules—90%
                                           To Be
                                           Addressed
                                           10%
 ovens, and dry cleaners, air-toxics rulemakings for about
 40 source categories are now in progress.  Most of these
 efforts have moved forward quickly since January  1993.
 Several rules have been proposed recently, and many
 more are to be proposed during the next two years.
 • While moving forward with standards, EPA has also
 established the groundwork for the air toxics program by
 issuing essential program infrastructure rules ~ for
 example, general provisions for monitoring and other
 "housekeeping" requirements that will apply to all regu-
 lated industries, and rules for delegating the  air toxics
 program to the states.

 Protecting Urban. Air Quality
 • We have published extensive guidance to help states
 develop and implement plans for bringing urban air
 quality into line with federal standards by deadlines
 established in the Act.
 • We have issued guidance and regulations for state
 operating permit programs which will improve administra-
 tion and enforcement of CAA requirements.

 NEW DIRECTIONS IN
 IMPLEMENTATION

     Although  EPA has made great progress in carrying out
     the Clean Air Act, the success of the Act is far from
 guaranteed. Much remains to be done if the Act's health
 and environmental goals  are to be  achieved. EPA must
 issue over a hundred more regulations and guidance
 documents, as well as dozens of mandated studies and
reports. The  largest group of remaining rulemakings will
be those controlling air-toxics emissions. Other  significant
future rulemakings will include emissions standards for
non-road engines, standards for municipal and medical
waste combustion, enhanced emissions monitoring, Federal
 operating permits, and new-source review reform.
   The Agency also must accelerate and expand a host of
 activities to ensure that EPA and states are implementing
 and enforcing the Act effectively.  For example, EPA must
 assess hundreds of state implementation plan revisions, as
 well as 120 state and local permit programs, and provide
 technical assistance to states and sources.  The list of
 significant actions following this section lists most of the
 significant actions expected within the next two years.
   Because EPA has completed many key rules and guid-
 ance documents, the responsibility for implementation of
 the 1990 Amendments is shifting increasingly to state and
 local governments. Effective implementation at the state
 and local level is critical to the success of the Act. This
 Administration is aware of how important it is to get the
 Federal framework right, and to provide the right kind of
 guidance and support to state and local agencies.   We also
 understand the importance of timeliness: the gridlock of
 the past has already delayed key Federal elements far too
 long. Over the past year, we have broken the regulatory
 gridlock in a number of areas critical to providing states
 the necessary support, and we intend to do an even better
 job in the future, so that states and industries will have
 the information they need, when they need it, to plan for
 compliance in the most effective way.
  One key element the states need in crafting effective,
 efficient compliance program is the flexibility to use
 economic  incentives in ways that reduce costs while
 assuring that  the environmental goals are met. One of
 the principal themes of this Administration is that a
 healthy environment and a strong economy are not only
 compatible but essential to each other, and  that the
 appropriate use of economic incentives can enhance this
 compatibility by providing flexibility and incentives for
 technological innovation.  We recently took a large step in
 this direction by finalizing the economic incentives rule,
 which shows states and industries how to use incentive-
 based approaches that encourage advanced technologies
 that both  save money and make it possible to get  more
 environmental results. We also worked closely with the
 California South Coast Air Quality Management District
 to establish  an innovative NOx trading program for smog
 control; this program is being closely watched as a pos-
 sible model for other areas. We intend to continue mak-
 ing the use of such  approaches a centrally important tool
 in helping the states plan for meeting the ambitious goals
 of the Clean Air Act.  We believe that the combination of
flexibility  and  timeliness of Federal support  will prove to
be the twin keys to success as the implementation of the
Clean Air Act  enters this next, critical stage.

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                       The Clean Air Act Implementation Strategy *
                                        (Revised May 1994)
'"Date. ปซ"~
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Dec-go


Jan-91





Feb-91

Mar-91



Apr-91


May-91










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Title I - Nonattainment



Title I - Nonattainment


Title VI - CFCs

Title I - Nonattainment

Title I - Nonattainment

Title VI - CFCs

Title I - Nonattainment


Title I - Nonattainment


Title II - Mobile Sources







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Issue "Getting Started" letter to Governors
States submit request/justification for 5 % classification adjustments
Publish two-year implementation strategy

Publish notice of initial PM-10 moderate nonattainment areas
Initiate additional PM-10, SO,, lead designation process

Usting of depleting substances

Act on 5% classification adjustment requests

States submit nonattainment area designations

Direct final 1991 production limits

States submit PM-10 areas unable to attain by 1994
States respond to list of PM-10, SO,, lead nonattainment areas

Notify States of intent to modify suggested boundaries
Convene NE ozone transport commission

Finalize gasoline Reid Vapor Pressure regulations
Finalize Tier I car and truck standards
Propose reformulated gasoline requirements
Propose clean fuels fleet and CA pilot credit programs
Propose urban bus regulations
Propose emission control diagnostic rule

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Y
Y

Y

Y

Y

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Y

Y
Y

Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y




Dec-90





Jan-91

Feb-91

Mar-91






May-91
May-91

May-91
May-91





These dates are subject to change based on new risk assessments, court decisions, and changes in available resources.

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The Clean Air Act Implementation Strategy
             (Revised May 1994)
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Title V- Permits

Title III - Air Toxics



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THIe VII - Enforcement

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Title 1 - Nonattalnment

Title II - Mobile Sources

Title 1 - Nonattalnment






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Propose regulations for auctions and sales

Propose State permit regulations

Publish draft list of source categories
Propose list of high risk pollutants, 90/95% early reductions guidance
Propose early reductions rulemaklng

Propose lead substitute gasoline additives

Propose administrative penalties rules of practice

Propose CFC phase-out regulations
Propose mobile air conditioning recycling regulations

Publish VOC and CO emission inventory guidance

Publish study on non-road engines

Publish guidance on control cost-effectiveness
States submit PM-10 SIPs
Publish air quality and emission trends report
Establish Grand Canyon visibility transport commission
Propose PM-10 area ^classifications
Finalize ozone, CO, PM-10, and lead nonattainment boundaries

Propose MACT for dry cleaners (per court order)

Propose outer continental shelf rule

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Y

Y
Y
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Y

Y
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Y
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Nov-91

Nov-91
Nov-91

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Jun-91
Jul-91






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The Clean Air Act Implementation Strategy
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Jan-92



Feb-92

Mai-92

Apr-92





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Jul-92
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Title VI - CFCs




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Rnalize regulations for auctions and sales
Propose allowance trading system
Propose acid rain permit program
Propose continuous emission monitor requirements
Propose excess emissions rules r
Propose conservation and renewable incentives

Publish guidance on State programs to assist small businesses

Propose ban on non-essential products

Finalize administrative penalties rules of practice
- - • _..
Rnalize onboard controls regulatory decision

Publish Title 1 General Preamble
Propose rules for ozone, NQ,, and VOC monitoring

Propose rule on reformulated gasoline SNPRM (supplemental notice of
proposed rulemaking) -^ •


Publish guidance on TCM's (transportation control measures)

Finalize cold temperature CO standards

Propose CFC labeling regulations

Revise two-year implementation strategy

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Nov-91

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Nov-91

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-------
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             (Revised May 1994)
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Title III - Air Toxics


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States submit SIPs for initial SQ, nonattainment areas

Propose enhanced I/M regulation

Publish final list of source categories

Propose list of Phase II utility allowances

Finalize State permit regulations

Finalize CFC phase-out regulation
Finalize mobile air conditioning recycling regulations

Finalize guidance on transportation air quality planning


Propose additional PM-10 nonattainment areas
Propose discretionary sanction rules
Finalize outer continental shelf rules

Propose regulatory schedule for all source categories


Publish 1991 air quality data and emission trends report

Finalize oxygenated fuel credit guideline

Propose MACT for hazardous organic chemical manufacturing

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Y

Y

Y

Y

Y
Y

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Y
Y
Y

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Y

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Nov-91

Dec-91

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-------
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             (Revised May 1994)
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States submit PACT catch-up rules, NSR rules, CO attainment demonstration
States submit small business assistance programs
States submit base ozone, CO emission inventories
Rnalize PM-10 BACM technical guidance
Publish Title I NCI, guidance

Rnalize enhanced I/M regulation

Propose NQ, emission limits for Group 1 utility boilers
- -•--
Publish alternative control technology document for VOCs from bakeries
'~--. - . . •. ~ .
Propose revisions to motor vehicle certification procedures (certification short
test)
Rnalize California pilot credit program

Propose MACT for coke ovens
Finalize early reductions rulemaking

Propose emission reduction program

Approve/disapprove first PM-10 SIPs
Rnalize PM-10 area rectifications

Finalize vehicle evaporative emissions regulations
Finalize emission control diagnostic rule
Publish draft mobile source air toxics study
Propose reformulated gasoline complex model
Rnalize clean fuels fleet (TCM's) . :

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Y
Y

Y

Y

Y

Y
Y

Y
Y

Y

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Y
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Y
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Jan-92

Jan-93
Dec-91

Aug-93
May-92


Nov-91


-------
The Clean Air Act Implementation Strategy
             (Revised May 1994)
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Propose list of substances for accidental releases prevention program

Finalize excess emission requirements
Finalize allowance trading system
Finalize continuous emission monitoring requirements
Finalize conservation and renewable incentives
Rnalize acid rain permit program

Finalize ban nonessential products - Class 1

Rnalize rules for ozone, NQ,, VOC enhanced monitoring
Propose economic incentive rules
Propose transportation conformity criteria

Finalize urban bus 94+ (PM standard)
Finalize procedures of enforcement for urban bus standards

Sources submit Phase 1 permit applications and proposed compliance
plans

Propose rules for citizen suits

Issue draft 185B report
Propose general conformity criteria

Rnalize urban bus retrofit
Finalize procedures of enforcement for urban bus standards

Initiate auctions and sales of allowances

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Y

Y
Y
Y
Y
Y

Y

Y
Y
Y

Y
Y

Y

Y

Y
Y

Y
Y

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May-92
May-92
May-92
May-92
May-92

Nov-91

May-92



Jan-92
May-92

Feb-93






Nov-91
May-92

Mar-93

                    6

-------
The Clean Air Act Implementation Strategy
            (Revised May 1994)
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Mar-93






Apr-93






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Finalize list of Phase II utility allowances
Ranking by lottery of Phase I extension applications
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Propose procurement regulations .
Propose accelerated CFC phase-out .' .
Finalize CFC labeling regulations

Publish alternative control technology document for VOCs from pesticide
applications

Publish final mobile source related air toxics study
Propose non-road emission standards >50 hpr.

Propose guidance for State air toxics program 112(1)

PM-10 PSD increments (1 1/92 court agreement)
.
Propose clean fuel fleet vehicle standards, conversions and general
provisions ,

Propose safe alternatives
Finalize emission reduction program (Section 60S)


Propose California pilot, clean vehicle standards, and opt-in provisions

Propose rule on case-by-case MACT determination 112Q)

Propose Class II Non-essential ban .

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Y
Y

Y-
Y
Y

Y
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Y
Y

Y

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Y

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            (Revised May 1994)
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Publish 185B NC^/VOC study
States submit lead SIPs (18 months from designation)

Propose case-by-case MACT determination (11 2(j))

Begin submission of applications for Energy Conservation & Renewable Reserve

States deadline for RACT corrections

Submit transportation systems report to Congress

Propose general provisions for MACT standards
Propose MACT for industrial cooling towers
Section 112(s) Report

Draft acid rain permits issued for public comment

Propose Certification Program for solid waste & fossil-fuel combustor operators
Rnalize MACT for dry cleaners
Complete study of the hazards of hydrofluoric acid

Propose opt-In regulations - combustion sources

Finalize revisions to motor vehicle certification procedures (i/M short test)
Finalize testing protocols for fuels and additives

Propose rules for risk management plans and prevention programs
Propose MACT for pulp and paper
Publish study of hydrogen sulfide emissions from extracting natural gas and oil

,$&**;. .
''"'•.

Y
Partial

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y
Y
Y

Y

Y
Y
Y

Y

Y


Y
Y
Y

*T3?*i'* f

Feb-92
Jul-93
















Nov-92
Nov-92



Nov-91




Nov-92

                    8

-------
The Clean Air Act Implementation Strategy
             (Revised May 1994)
.. •. ••. '
Date ,
Oct-93





Nov-93


















Dec-93






%^ """•. ' ;•:...{' ' '.. ijSSs:
•ma" •.; ,, ,^;
-v iwS-vw,* •. ^d*dw^^<* .• •. v i-iy*'
Title III - Air Toxics

Title VI - CFCs

Title VII - Enforcement

Title 1 - Nonattainment





Title 11 - Mobile Sources


Title III - Air Toxics




Title IV -Acid Rain


Title V - Permits

Title 1 - Nonattainment
1

Title 11 - Mobile Sources



V.V.V.3& "•"• •• S~ฐ f-'-''''' ' ? ^ "* .1 *<&""" -f ff "" V"\WA V.'
#*M^ , , „ ,./?'''>•'<"-•<•• - ;,;„"- •• fซ' , :
w*^%<. % v*... %%sa.%OVi "• s ••••••' % •• •• V t ft ftf <. v- .f\*..S' : •• •• -f s '*-'< •• :-
X*. * ^V%X ,.,.% 5 *ซ % %. *••• " s "• "• s's* ss .VV.-.V.V.V. \v;

Rnalize MACT for coke ovens

Finalize procurement regulation

Propose rules for enhanced monitoring

Publish air quality and emission trends report
Publish SOCMI distillation processes CTG
Publish SOCMI reactor processes CTG
States submit selected SIP provisions for moderate and above ozone areas
Rnalize general conformity criteria

Propose detergent additive regulations
Finalize transportation conformity rules

Publish guidance for state air toxics programs 1 120)
Propose MACT for chromium electroplating
Finalize regulatory schedule for all source categories
Propose Degreasing MACT


Phase I requirement to install monitorina equipment
- •"
States submit ooeratina oermit oroarams

Rnalize discretionary sanctions rule
Rnalize additional PM-10 and SO, nonattainment areas

Rnalize reformulated aasoline regulations
Rnalize reformulated aasoline complex model

'•, --V- A ' , ,',!,''
I &Xtl#L^
: ?, ' * ''*''
'. •&$.•. \ V. W f '.

Y

Y

Y

Y
Y
Y
Partial
Y

Y
Y

Y
Y
Y
Y




Partial

Y
Y

Y
Y

'^t* ',",•."•? ,"':
Akt*,"',ts
ttV^^^"' f f fffS .
•"ftf1|Atffifflrf':''::'' :' '''

Dec-92

May-92




Nov-93
Nov-93
Nov-93
Nov-91




Nov-91

Nov-92


Nov-93


Nov-93





Nov-91

                   9

-------
The Clean Air Act Implementation Strategy
             (Revised May 1994)
Da*
Dec-83





JMV94









r*t>ซ4







Mar-04




INI* ': *V< 5
t- ' v^*,-.-
•* •* •. f •> •. i\., x •* ->X v
TWo III -Air Toxics


Tttte VI - CFCs


Title 1 - Nonattainment

Tttle II - Mobile Sources

Titte III -Air Toxics





Tttle III -Air Toxics





Title IV -Acid Rain

Title 1 - Nonattainment

Tttle IV -Add Rain


,
Actfyifv ••••. ..%.. '•••'• •• , ^^ --^
X MfAWM-J v. <• \ "• v- f f v %•. / ff f"f -Xv •• -S
•~% vi \ •. "" S % v •> •• ,• -

Rnallze MACT for hazardous organic chemical manufacturing
Propose permits for early reduction sources

Rnalize accelerated CFC phase-out
Rnalize Class II Non-essential Ban

Approve/disapprove ozone & CO submittals due 1 1/92

Rnalize on-board refueling vapor recovery regulations

Rnalize list of substances for accidental releases prevention program
Deliver program-specialized inspection training course at three regional
locations (radionuclides)
Develop inspection manual and training materials for coke ovens
Propose Stage 1 gasoline marketing MACT


Propose MACT for commercial sterilizers
Propose MACT for magnetic tape coating
Rnalize general provisions for MACT standards
Propose guidance for modification provisions
Rnalize MACT for hazardous organic chemical manufacturing

Rnalize NQ, emission limits for Group 1 utility boilers

Rnalize economic incentives rules

Conduct second allowance auction

CwERpfe

Y
Y

Y
Y

Partial

Y

Y
Y
Y
Y


Y
Y
Y
Y
Y

Y

Y

Y

:sซx

Nov-92



Nov-91

Jan-94



Nov-92

Nov-93







Nov-92

May-92

Nov-92

Mar-94

                  10

-------
The Clean Air Act Implementation Strategy
             (Revised May 1994)
"Date ..
Mar-94

Apr-94












May-94















,JBป ' , , '
•• f -.
Title VI - CFCs

Title I - Nonattainment

Title II - Mobile Sources

Title III - Air Toxics



Title IV - Acid Rain

Title VII - Enforcement


Title I - Nonattainment


Title II - Mobile Sources





Title III - Air Toxics






fms^f^^Z^,^ ' f 1 ' '"
' 	 	 ;. 	 mi.'.... -" ™ -- - ' ,, ,, ,„'".., ,ป* %vvrf

Rnalize safe alternative program

Propose tank vessel rule

Propose non-road emission standards < 25 HP - Phase I

Interim Report on Electric Utility Steam Generators
Propose MACT for polymers and resins II
Finalize case-by-case MACT determinations 1 12(j)

Begin issuing allowances to small diesel refineries

Propose rules for, field citation
Propose rule for monetary awards

Reclassify marginal ozone areas failing to attain by 11/93
Promulgate order of sanctions rule

Rnalize non-road emissions standards for >50 HP diesel engines
Rnalize CNG/LPG vehicle standards
Rnalize clean fuel fleet vehicle standards, conversions, and general provisions
Rnalize California pilot, dean vehicle standards, and opt-in provisions
Rnalize fuel and fuel additives: Health effects registration requirements

Publish draft risk assessment and management commission report
Propose MACT for secondary lead smelters 	
Submit MAS study to Congress
Issue urban area strategy - research report
Submit Great Lakes study report to Congress

' &**$ฃ "":

Y





























:?'&&, '*" '?/
'''fyfflftjfatfo'





Nov-93

...-• . . .
Nov-94







May-94







. -.
May-94

May-93
Nov-93
Nov-93

                   11

-------
The Clean Air Act Implementation Strategy
             (Revised May 1994)
-fffr-
May-&4


Jurvฉ4










Jul-04






Aufl-94









Jv^ f j j> ifrfytfA?*'*.^
*&*ป * ., S-ffi "XCK^V*
ป** s , O^V" - , ."WsiV-.
	 v? 	 ^..i..:.^^^.
Title IV -Acid Rain


THle 1 - Nonattainment


THle li - Mobile Sources


THte III - Air Toxics

TOe IV -Add Rain


Title 1 - Nonattalnment

THle III -Air Toxics


Title IV -Add Rain

THle 1 - Nonattainmerrt




THle 11 - Mobile Sources

THle VII - Enforcement


'- ^xkx^sQ" "^ ' s vs - " ' , , ^ <:

Propose NQ, NSPS for new fossil fuel fired boilers (utility & nonutility)
Certify continuous emissions monitors for Phase 1 units

Approve/disapprove lead SIPs due 6/93
States implement Phase II of the enhanced ozone monitoring network

Report to Congress on the Cal. low-emissions vehicle
Finalize rule for renewable oxygenates for reformulated gasoline

Propose MACT for Petroleum refineries

Prepare implementation guidance for Phase II - affected units


Publish alternative control technology documents for NQ, sources

Propose MACT standard for aerospace industry
Promulgate MACT standard for Industrial cooling towers

EPA action on final Phase 1 permits

Publish surface coal mining study
Propose NSPS for cold deaners
Propose NSPS for SOCMI secondary wastewater
Propose NSPS for starch manufacturing

Finalize lead substitute gasoline additives

Rnalize rules for dtizen suits

•>•'•' f ff ff % f
, OrifrijaJL,,















Partial















"> ft ,'f'ff V""- V %^S
'*ft ," '

Jan-93


Jun-94


Jun-94







Nov-93




Aug-93

Nov-93




Nov-91



                   12

-------
The Clean Air Act Implementation Strategy
             (Revised May 1994)
"OMtfT
Sep-94















Oct-94










Nov-94



.wX M "" V.V.V.W.W. •, .
.,'mtt^"" m , --.. •
tt f *•
' Title I - Nonattainment


Title II - Mobile Sources
-.
Title III - Air Toxics




Title VII - Enforcement


Title VIII - Miscellaneous


Title I - Nonattainment


Title III - Air Toxics


Title V - Permits

Title VI - CFCs


Title I - Nonattainment



. ; f fffffffff f \f % s v>v; "•
ซ.t*Ubi, " " ™^-- --^ > "ซซ'ซซซ" ' /'"" --------- --, - ป v-ft----- , - s v.,, - ;
•PfSmal - -$, ' ffffffffffffffffm ™ "" . . . s wv<* -5 % ,' % f /.'••;. ' ^*
v. \ \ W. \\\\ % •• -.-. % ^W.WAW.W.S. •*•, •••.;? •••
% •• s-i-W"ซv. •ฅ. ,? ••: •• •••• V ^vซ y. •• _ __<•ป _.. .. , i%^ ..-.?ฃ; .ft. .ft .,. .,.5 ••.&.•*!.*.&.*.•*•.':

Propose Part C & D new source review requirements
Submit consumer/commercial products study report to Congress

Propose non-road emission standards for marine engines

Final certification program for solid waste and fossil-fuel combustor operators
Develop inspection manual and training materials for dry cleaners
Propose standards for large MWC's . .
Propose standards for small MWC's

Rnalize rules for enhanced monitoring
Propose rule for contractor listing

Section 81 1 Report (International Competiveness)


Publish air quality and emission trends report
Publish results of ozone design value study

Propose MACT for solid waste TSDF
Final permits for early reduction sources

Propose Federal operating permit regulations

Listing of global warming potential 	
Report to Congress on global warming

Publish wood furniture CTG
States submit ozone SIP's demonstrating attainment

pCbBfi^
.vtw \v.v f


































Nov-93

Nov-92



Nov-91
Nov-92

Nov-92


May-92



Nov-93









Nov-93


                   13

-------
The Clean Air Act Implementation Strategy
             (Revised May 1994)
1**
Nov-94













Deo04




Jan-OS











\,\s •* •> <>•>&* .
** ' v\J^Xฃ
^ -Jv,, v .. *Vซ"\
TWe 11 - Mobile Sources


Title III -Air Toxics







TWe VII - Enforcement


THle II - Mobile Sources

TWe IV -Acid Rain


Title 1 - Nonattalnment

Title 11 - Mobile Sources

Title III - Air Toxics


TOe IV -Add Rain




> '.*, y>.: :\\.'.'' v.v. ff •;• •"•& v *f& s f f f s ff
• j^^y^Aj^^. N s-% ^-^.5 *'' x^xs^ •<••••:• \fy-* ^ -,^ .- ^
SX; s%-- •••'Xs •> ^ ^s ,. ^ "" ' v ..v. "* s j- A O**

Propose locomotive emissions standards
Finalize detergent additive regulations

Promulgate MACT for chromium electroplating operations
Submit risk assessment and management commission report to Congress
Promulgate MACT for commercial sterilizers
Promulgate degreasing MACT standard
Promulgate Stage 1 gasoline marketing MACT
Promulgate MACT for magnetic tape coatings
Propose MACT for wood furniture

Issue enhanced monitoring reference document
Rnalize rules for monetary awards

Propose control of air toxics emissions from motor vehicles

Rnalize Opt-In Regulation - Combustion Sources


Propose NSR simplification rule

Propose revision for federal test procedures

Propose MACT for shipbuilding (surface coating)
Propose asbestos MACT

Propose opt-in regulations - process sources
Publish final acid deposition standards study
Phase II requirement to install monitoring equipment

"Ctott^pL"































m."< *
fcttdfe* --

Nov-95
Nov-92

Nov-92
Nov-94

Nov-94
Nov-94
Nov-94





May-95

May-92










Nov-93


                   14

-------
The Clean Air Act Implementation Strategy
             (Revised May 1994)
ss s ,' '-.
oafer^.
Sep-95










Oct-95







Nov-95








Jan-96


..Tm 77™JTf -- "^'"",-.,,
\
•tftf*f& '' '' s'fsfffs > "••, "* v
Title 1 - Nonattainment




Title III - Air Toxics



THIeV- Permits

Title 1 - Nonattainment

Title III -Air Toxics

Title IV - Acid Rain

Title VII - Enforcement

Title II - Mobile Sources


Title III - Air Toxics





Title 1 - Nonattainment


]tofa&&ฃfvv ,, '„ o ,', ซt — ซv- '"• ' c "" """"-x""' ^ ' ~ >:ป---ซ••" x
^•^-™.ny ^f .................... s '...>.•.•.' ^v.V.v.l.-.-.v. % s ', .^X-S^ ^X-^WN-X^ ^ ^%%%s%^ ซ

Publish auto body refinishing CTG
Publish aerospace CTG
Publish clean-up solvents CTG
Publish shipbuilding CTG

Promulgate paper & pulp MACT
Promulgate standards for large MWCs
Promulgate standards for small MWCs

Finalize Federal operating permit program

Publish air quality and emission trends report

Finalize rules for risk management plans and prevention

Finalize opt-in regulations - process sources

Finalize rule for contractor listing

Finalize marine engine emission standards
Rnalize locomotive emission standards

Rnal MACT for solid waste TSDF
Rnalize MACT for wood furniture
Study of electric utilities generating units
Promulgate asbestos MACT
Rnal MACT for shipbuilding (surface coatings)

Rnal NSR Simplification rule

' **y?!gjฃs'
•ff "• '' '' ft V





















'









^^^--'^ &ฃ,1
"sSSv '-"^






Nov-94
Nov-92
Nov-93





Nov-93






Nov-95

Nov-94

Nov-93

Nov-94



                   17

-------
The Clean Air Act Implementation Strategy
             (Revised May 1994)
Date
JWV96

Mar-36


Apr-96
























***" * %?f^4^y
Title IV -Add Rain

TOe III -Air Toxics


Title III -Air Toxics
























^jfia&ftf ^---*'/--% ,", ' " ''-' -,, "i- ' ""^ '•• --''•
•••••'• ^ T •• ^ •• ซ •• "•. •'. "*ป> , •••• :

Propose Phase II Permits

Rnal MACT for printing/publishing industry
Final MACT for polymers and resins iV

Promulgate medical waste incineration standards
Final MACT for polymers and resins IV2






















$Mft?&
f






























&c;:\^\
..&*ฎ^.....>...:.i:.



Nov-94
Nov-94

Nov-94
Nov-94






















                   18

-------