United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Air And Radiation
(6102)
EPA410-K-97-001
August 1997
vvEPA
Implementation Strategy For
The Clean Air Act Amendments
Of 1990
Update July, 1997
Introduction
c
The Environmental Protec-
tion Agency publishes the
Implementation Strategy to
inform Congress and the
public on the status of
activities planned or cur-
rently underway to imple-
ment the 1990 amendments
to the Clean Air Act (CAA).
This is the seventh edition
issued since the 1990 amend-
ments were promulgated.
Following is a summary
highlighting recent accom-
plishments. The remainder
of the document consists of a
two-year projection of future
activities.
Key Accomplishments
Thanks to two-and-a-half decades of air pollution control
and the enactment of the Clean Air Act Amendments of
1990, the air is cleaner today than it was in 1970. During
this same time period the following reductions were
achieved:
Many cities have cleaner air today than before the CAA
amendments were enacted. Today, concentrations of ozone
are much lower than previously measured.
More than 75 percent of cities that did not meet the air
quality standard for carbon monoxide in 1990 now do.
1994 was the third consecutive year that no U.S. cities
violated the nitrogen dioxide standard.
Moreover, these air quality improvements occurred in the
face of population growth, strong economic growth, and
continued growth in the number of miles Americans drive.
This progress reflects
effective implementation
of a number of national
programs.
Implementation
Highlights
Cars are cleaner.
Tailpipe standards for
cars being built today are
25 to 60 percent more
stringent than standards
for new cars built in 1990.
These standards continue
a tremendous pattern of
progress since the early
1970s, with the result that
automobiles today are 90-
95% cleaner. With the
Administration's implementation of programs put in place
by the Clean Air Act amendments of 1990, the U.S. has the
most effective motor vehicle pollution control program in
the world.
EPA also requires auto makers, starting in 1998, to phase
in devices on cars and trucks to capture smog-producing
gasoline emissions when people refuel their vehicles.
EPA's action on these "on-board controls" broke a 15-year
regulatory gridlock.
EPA recently proposed the framework for a National
Low Emission Vehicle program, as a means of continuing
progress on automotive emissions. As the basis for a volun-
tary agreement between states which need cleaner vehicles
to meet the air quality goals of the CAA, and the automakers
which would agree to produce the vehicles, this program
would speed the introduction of cleaner vehicles across the
country. Final rules to accomplish this are at the Office of
Management and Budget for review.
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Motor vehicle fuels are also cleaner. Two national pro-
grams began in 1992: one required cleaner burning diesel
fuel, and the second reduced the evaporation rate of gasoline
in hot weather. Also, in the winter of 1992-93, the oxygen-
ated fuels programs began during winter months in over 30
cities with carbon monoxide pollution problems. In 1995,
cleaner-burning, reformulated gasoline, which reduces smog
and exposure to toxic chemicals, was introduced year-round
in about 30 percent of the U.S. gasoline supply.
Buses are now cleaner. Diesel-powered urban transit buses
being built today release almost 90 percent fewer particulate
emissions than buses in 1990. Smoke- belching, smelly
buses should be a thing of the past as a result of EPA
regulations covering new, as well as rebuilt, buses.
Last summer, a ground breaking, joint effort to further
reduce emissions from heavy duty engines was also initi-
ated. Cooperation among EPA, the California Air Resources
Board, and leading engine manufacturers has been crucial to
this program, which is targeted to maintain progress on
particulate matter, and cut nitrogen oxides (NO ) emissions
in half by 2004.
This year the Agency established the first-ever emission
requirements for new non-road engines, including construc-
tion, farm and lawn and garden equipment.
Air toxics standards are in place. During the last four years
EPA has completed the development and issuance of a
multitude of innovative, technology-based air toxics stan-
dards, each designed to protect public health and the envi-
ronment. These standards focus on pollutants that are
known or suspected of causing cancer or other serious
health effects, such as birth defects. Since 1992, EPA has
issued 20 pollution standards (affecting 46 industrial
categories) for industries such as dry cleaners, coke ovens,
petroleum refineries, and chemical plants. These standards
will eliminate over 2.5 billion pounds of air toxics and
smog-causing volatile organic compounds per year. To put
those numbers in context, in the preceding twenty years only
seven such standards, eliminating 125,000 tons of toxics,
had been put in place.
S.C. Delaney, EPA
The Acid Rain Program exceeds goals. Affected facilities
exceeded compliance targets for sulfur dioxide (SO2) and
NO reductions and demonstrated 100 percent compliance
for both pollutants. For the SO2 program, in its second year
of compliance, utilities nearly matched their extraordinary
overcompliance of 1995 with emissions that were 35 percent
below 1996 allowable levels. For the NOx program, in its
first year of compliance, affected utility units reduced
emission rates by an average of 40 percent below 1990
levels, emitting 33 percent less NO in the process and
demonstrating an average of 18 percent "overcompliance"
with the regulations.
The Acid Rain Program is using two different control
systemsa market-based cap and trade system to reduce
SO2 emissions by 10 million tons below 1980 levels, and a
more traditional technology and standards approach for NOx
reductions which are contributing significantly to the two
million ton reduction mandated from 1980 levels. The more
flexible SO2 trading program has resulted in greater reduc-
tions relative to compliance goals than the NO emission
rate limitation. The early success of SO2 allowance trading
under the Acid Rain Program has enabled EPA to assist
other programs seeking to develop and implement trading to
achieve environmental goals at lower costs. EPA is acting
as a consultant to assist the northeastern states of the Ozone
Transport Commission in developing a cap and trade system
for NOx. This will facilitate compliance with the National
Ambient Air Quality Standard for ozone.
Obviously, the cleaner air across America is also a result
of the investments, hard work and innovative control
strategies taking place at the source, local and state levels as
well. The nation could not have achieved the level of
progress we have seen toward attainment if that were not
true. Other programs working to continue the progress build
on this joint effort as well.
For example, in a move that is very important in the
West, and that will serve as a model for dealing with
visibility issues across the country, the Grand Canyon
Visibility Commission has succeeded in gaining consensus
on reduction of "haze" at the Grand Canyon and 15 other
nearby national parks and wilderness areas. The Commis-
sion included leaders from seven western states and four
Indian tribes and was supported by a policy advisory com-
mittee of diverse industrial, interest group, tribal and
governmental representatives.
And in a tremendously important set of discussions for
the eastern half of the country, EPA has called on state
regulators from 37 easternmost states to collaborate in the
Ozone Transport Assessment Group (OTAG) to reach
consensus on the science of long-range pollution transport,
and to craft a strategy for assisting downwind areas with
attainment.' OTAG has developed their recommendations
and will soon be publishing them this year. EPA will
consider these recommendations in preparation of calls for
-------
state implementation plans, which will be proposed in
September 1997. Based on this joint record, the potential
for successthat is, clean, healthy air for all Americans
seems very clear, just as the need for that success remains.
The promise of the Clean Air Act still remains unkept for
many Americans, the tens of millions of people living in
areas which do not yet have clean air.
Future Activities
New Air Quality Standards. More protective standards for
ozone and particulate matter now have been promulgated.
A strong body of science has indicated that the old standards
simply did not adequately protect public health. When
implemented, these new standards would provide additional
health protection for millions of Americans. They also
require States to make and execute new plans to achieve
clean air, an effort which would involve additional pollution
control efforts and investment on the part of industries,
communities, and States.
Common Sense strategy for the electric power industry.
We are continuing to develop a common sense sectoral
strategy for the electric power industry. The power industry
is simultaneously challenged by new environmental require-
ments and economic restructuring from regulated monopoly
to competition. In 1996 EPA began this effort with the
"Clean Air Power Initiative" (CAPI): an analysis, with
stakeholder involvement, of the potential cost savings
achievable by meeting future Clean Air Act requirements
for electric power generation through coordinated and
market-based approaches.
Further analyses are underway to add similar approaches
to potential greenhouse gas reduction requirements under
the Clean Air Act. EPA intends to continue working with
industry and environmental stakeholders to implement new
pollution control requirements for electric generation
facilities as cost-effectively as possible.
Coordination, certainty, lead time, and flexibility on
future environmental requirements would be especially
valuable to firms struggling with the uncertainties of the
electric sector restructuring. EPA is working with the
Department of Energy and others on approaches to incorpo-
rate environmental protection provisions into electricity
restructuring legislation.
Supporting urban revitalization. Federal environmental
regulations are often seen as creating barriers to urban
revitalization by imposing increased costs on doing business
in cities, and inadvertently encouraging "suburban sprawl."
EPA is taking steps to eliminate the bias in favor of "green
field" development while protecting public health in urban
areas. EPA and other federal and state agencies will col-
laborate with three or four cities to pilot simultaneous
improvements in urban environments and economies. EPA
will identify barriers associated with regulatory and permit-
ting costs that may be causing businesses to relocate outside
of the urban area, and incentives that can be used to enhance
urban livability and economic growth.
One promising idea is to use emissions credits for
innovative technologies and voluntary air pollution control
practices, including congestion pricing, use of ultra-low
emission vehicles, light rail, public education initiatives, and
increased public transit opportunities. The goal will be to
achieve results in the pilot cities that can be replicated in a
variety of communities.
Reducing urban toxics. EPA will also focus on reducing
public exposure to toxic air pollutants in urban areas.
Concentrations of motor vehicles in urban areas, as well as
commercial and industrial activities, mean higher urban
exposure to toxic chemicals in the air. Adding to the
dramatic improvements made in emissions from large
industrial sources, EPA will turn new efforts towards
flexible and cost-effective reductions in toxic emissions
from vehicles, fuels, and smaller sources.
Further steps to protect the ozone layer. EPA will continue
its leadership role in completing the phase-out of ozone
depleting chemicals. Production of CFCs and other key
ozone depleters has ended in developed countries, but
current agreements to phase these chemicals out in develop-
ing countries need constant support. In cooperation with the
Department of Agriculture and stakeholders, EPA will move
forward with current requirements to phase out methyl
bromide both here and abroad, with due regard for U.S.
agricultural competitiveness.
Clean Cars. In partnership with the U.S. auto makers and
the Energy and Commerce Departments, EPA will continue
key work to bring ultrahigh-mileage, low emission cars to
the point of commercialization, and support market transfor-
mation activities for cleaner vehicles and fuels.
EnergyStar Technologies. Building on proven successes
(e.g., Green Lights, EnergyStar computers), EPA will
extend its voluntary, cooperative market transformation
programs to reduce energy consumption in buildings and
bring new energy efficient product lines to market. These
and other efforts will help us continue to redefine environ-
mental protection in the 90's.
EPA POLLUTION PREVENTER
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The Clean Air Act Implementation Strategy
(Revised July, 1997)
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Publish aerospace Control
Technology Guidelines (CTG)
Promulgate Direct Final: Aircraft
emission standards
Promulgate JP-4 Base adjustment
for reformulated gasoline
Propose transitional lock-in
procedures for Phase II
Reformulated Gasoline
Propose modifications of the
covered areas provision for
Reformulated Gasoline
Propose locomotives rule
Propose California exemptions
Propose modifications to the
Reformulated Gasoline and Anti-
dumping regulations
Propose rule for motorcycle
limitations
Promulgate Ozone Transport
Commission emission vehicle
program for 49 states (INLEV)
Promulgate Triennial Report to
Congress
Propose notice to streamline
evaporative test procedures
Propose MACT for wool fiberglass
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Provides State and local air pollution governments with
information for proceeding with their development of
reasonably available control technology to reduce smog-
causing VOC's from aerospace coating processes.
Aligns EPA and International Civil Aviation Organization
standards.
Contains an anti-dumping provision which will prevent dumping
of dirty gasoline components into conventional gasoline.
Provides proposed procedures for states to Opt-out of the
Reformulated Gasoline program.
Expands the Opt-in provision to include areas that formerly
were in nonattainment for ozone as well as areas that are
presently in nonattainment for ozone
Regulates the emissions of oxides of nitrogen, participate
matter, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and smoke exhaust
from new and rebuilt locomotives and locomotive engines
Gives more flexibility to refiners and importers of California
gasoline and covers oxygenated and test method issues
Codifies certain guidance related to compliance with
reformulated gasoline and anti-dumping regulations that
previously had been provided informally to the regulated
industry.
Changes the definition of weight limits for motorcycles; this
proposal changes the present regulatory definition of a
motorcycle to allow two to three wheeled vehicles weighing up
to 1749 pounds to be considered motorcycles.
Permits the adoption of voluntary national low emission vehicle
standards applicable to manufacturers of light duty vehicle and
trucks.
Informs Congress of existing State and local air quality related
transportation programs. Joint EPA/DOT report required by
the CAA .
Streamlines the test procedures used to establish compliance
with evaporative emission requirements for light-duty vehicles
and trucks.
Controls hazardous air pollutants emitted during the
manufacture of wool fiberglass.
STATUTORY,
J>eA.pLINe, r. .
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The Clean Air Act Implementation Strategy
(Revised July, 1997)
1 PROJECTED-
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MAR-97
APR-97
CAA
TITLE
1 -NONATTAINMENT
11 -MOBILE
SOURCES
HI -Air Toxics
V- PERMITS
VI-CFCs
1 -NONATTAINMENT
11 -MOBILE
SOURCES
III- AIR Toxics
VI-CFCs
REGUlATORYACTn/ITY
Propose revision to definition of VOC-
16 compound exemption
Propose non-road diesel engines rule
Propose MACT for Pharmaceuticals
production
Propose Federal operating permit
programs for Indian Country
Promulgate reconsideration of petition
criteria &1995 protocol decisions
Propose Reconsideration of Section
608 sales restriction
Propose amendment to recycling rule
to include all refrigerants
Promulgate amendments to the
transhipment portion in rule
accelerating the phaseout of Ozone
Depleting Substances(ODSs)
Propose Lead monitor siting
requirements
Propose definition of substantially
similar with respect to diesel fuel
Propose mineral wool MACT
Promulgate amendment to MVAC
(motor vehicle air-conditioning) rule
to include all refrigerants
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Adds 16 compounds to the list of compounds that are
exempt from state regulation because they are considered
to have a negligible effect on ozone formation.
Reduces nitrogen oxides and particulate emissions from
mobile sources, particularly diesel engines and fuels.
Develops a technology based standard to control
hazardous air emissions from the manufacture of
Pharmaceuticals products
Clarifies EPA's authority to administer the Federal
operating permit program in Indian Country.
Reconsiders a certain reporting requirement in the petition
process to import previously Ozone Depleting Substances
used & includes technical changes that reflect decisions
made in Vienna, in 1995 by Montreal Protocol signatories.
Reconsiders whether the sale of pre-charged split-system
air conditioners will be restricted.
Extends the recycling program for CFCs and HCFCs to
substitute refrigerants.
Requires notification of a shipment that will be brought into
the United States before being shipped to another foreign
country prior to the ODSs being shipped from the
exporting country
Moves ambient lead monitoring from roadways to lead
smelters.
Interprets the phrase "Substantially Similar" as it applies to
diesel fuels and fuel additives.
Controls hazardous air pollutants emitted during the
manufacture of mineral wool.
Establishes standards and requirements for the servicing of
motor vehicle air conditioners that use refrigerants other
thanCFC-12
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The Clean Air Act Implementation Strategy
(Revised July, 1997)
* PROJECTED
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JUN-97
JUL-97
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II - MOBILE
SOURCES
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SOURCES
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Advance Notice of Proposed
Rulemaking - Prevention of
Significant Deterioration (PSD) of
Air Quality Program: Permit
Review Procedures for sources
that may adversely affect air quality
in non-Federal Class 1 areas
Promulgate implementation
requirements for reduction of sulfur
oxides emissions
Propose Phase II standards
for small gasoline engines
Promulgate retrofit/rebuild
requirements for 1993 & earlier
model yr buses: Additional update
of post rebuild 1997
Propose emission standards for
nonroad recreational vehicles &
revision of on highway motorcycle
emission standards
Publish Report to Congress: Great
Waters (Second Report)
Publish update to Congress:
Section 112(s) report
Publish draft list of sources
emitting specified hazardous air
pollutants
Promulgate automobile refinishing
volatile organic compounds (VOC)
rule
Promulgate new PM 2.5 standard
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Seeks public participation in developing rules to govern PSD
permit review procedures for major sources whose
emissions may adversely affect non-Federal Class 1 areas.
Provides States and Tribes the flexibility to address
particular sources of 5-minute SO2 peak concentrations in
the most efficient and appropriate manner.
Establishes the second phase of emissions standards for
new non-road spark-ignition engines at/or below 1 9 kilowatts
Revises the current urban bus retrofit/rebuild program
regulations to .allow an extra year to certify certain
equipment under the program.
Conducts a study to determine whether to undertake a
rulemaking which targets emissions from engines used in
recreational vehicles.
Provides an update on atmospheric deposition. The report
discusses the atmospheric contribution in the Great Waters,
the effects and sources of the pollution, and whether
changes to existing laws are needed.
Publishes the second Section 1 12(s) Report to Congress on
measures taken by the Agency and the States to implement
the air toxics provisions of the Clean Air Act Amendments of
1990.
Identifies for potential standards development, sources and
natural emissions of seven specific air toxics.
Regulates VOC emitted by automobile refinish coating
manufacturers and importers.
Issues a final decision as to whether or not a revision to the
current standards is necessary.
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-------
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(Revised July, 1997)
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Interim implementation policy - No
backsliding rule for PM-10
Nonattainment areas
Promulgate ozone national ambient
air quality standards ( NAAQS)
review
Propose NOx NSPS - New fossil
fuel utilities
Propose MACT for agricultural
chemicals production
Promulgate MACT for
tetrahydrobenzaldehyde
Propose MACT for steel pickling
Propose Hydrogen Fluoride
Production MACT
Propose MACT for acrylic/
modacrylic fibers
Propose MACT for polycarbonates
production
Propose MACT for ferroalloys
Propose MACT for polyether
polyols production
Promulgate pulp and paper
( non-combustion) M ACT I
Propose 112(1) partial approval
Propose pulp and paper
(combustion) MACT II
Promulgate compliance assurance
monitoring rule
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Maintains current level of health protection by ensuring the
current controls for PM-10 continue to be enforced.
Issues a final decision as to whether or not a revision to the
current standards is necessary.
Revises the existing New Source Performance Standard
(NSPS) (promulgated in 1979 and 1986) to reflect
improvements in methods for the reduction of NOx emissions
Controls hazardous air emissions from the production of
agricultural chemicals. This rule will cover 10 source
categories.
Controls hazardous air emissions from the production of
tetrahydrobenzaldehyde
Controls hazardous air pollutants emitted during the steel
picking processes.
Controls hazardous air emissions from the production of
Hydrogen Fluoride.
Regulates hazardous emissions from the manufacture of
acrylic and modacrylic fibers.
Control hazardous air emissions from the production of
polycarbonate resins.
Covers hazardous air emissions from the ferroalloys
manufacturing process.
Controls hazardous air emissions from the manufacture of
polyether polyols which are primarily used in the formulation
of polyurethanes.
Issues a regulation and effluent guidelines to control the
release of hazardous air and water pollutants from the
production of pulp and/or paper.
Provides States additional flexibility by allowing approval of
portions of submitted States rules and programs that meet the
specified approval criteria. Prior to this revision, the EPA
would disapprove the entire State submittal if only some
portions of the State rule or program were approvable.
Controls hazardous air and water emissions from the kraft
process which is used at kraft pulp mills.
Determines reasonable assurance of compliance with
emission limitations and standards
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Nov-97
Jan-94
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1
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(Revised July, 1997)
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Promulgate Direct Final: Allowing
auction offerers to set minimum
prices in increments of $0.01
Promulgate Outer Continental
Shelf (OCS) delegation remand
Promulgate revision of definition of
VOC - 16 compound exemption
Propose MACT for polymers and
resins III
Propose MACT for secondary
Aluminum
Propose amendments to General
Provisions (Part 63)
Propose MACT for publicly owned
treatment works (POTW)
Promulgate medical waste
incinerator rule
Propose MACT for Portland Cement
Promulgate the Field Citations rule
Propose revision to the definition of
VOC-Methyl Acetate
Propose Phase II small engines
(non-hand held)
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Makes a minor change to the allowance auction procedure
in response to comments from an earlier proposal.
Authorizes the delegation of the implementation and
enforcement authority to State and local agencies for OCS
sources that are located within the 25-mile seaward
boundaries.
Adds 16 compounds to the list of compounds that are
exempt from state regulation because they are considered
to have a negligible effect on ozone formation.
Controls hazardous air emissions from the source
categories of Acetal, Amino, and Phenolic resins used
primarily as binders for particle board and related products.
Controls hazardous air emissions from the processing of
secondary Aluminum which could include scrap
crushing/shredding and furnace operations.
Amends the General Provisions which were promulgated
on March 16, 1994. Amendments include technical edits
and clarifications.
Develops a technology based standard to control
hazardous air emissions from publicly owned treatment
works also known as sewage/wastewater treatment plants.
Develops New Source Performance Standard and
Emission Guidelines for control of hazardous air emissions
from medical waste incinerators.
Controls hazardous air emissions from the production of
Portland Cement.
Provides the definition of "minor violation" for which field
citations may be issued. It also specifies the date for
requesting a hearing or paying the penalty.
Adds Methyl Acetate to the list of compounds that are
exempt from state regulations because they are considered
to have a negligible effect on ozone formation.
Establishes the second phase of emission standards for
new nonroad spark-ignition engines at or below 19
kilowatts (25HP), which includes riding mowers, lawn
tractors, tillers, generator sets and many other applications
^STAT^TORY
DEADLINE
Nov-97
Nov-92
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The Clean Air Act Implementation Strategy
(Revised July, 1997)
I PROJECTED
r. DATE.
SEP-97
OOT-97
CAA
TJTLE
II -MOBILE
SOURCES
III- AIR Toxics
IV -Acio RAIN
Vl-CFCs
I-NONATTAINMENT
III -AIR TOXICS
IV -ACID RAIN
VIII-
MlSCEtLANEOUS
REGULATORY ACTIVITY
Promulgate Phase II small engines
(hand held)
Propose MACT for chlorine
production
Promulgate MACT for steel
pickling
Propose MACT for primary Lead
Propose consolidated Federal
air rule
Propose MACT for primary
copper
Promulgate MACT for oil and
natural gas production
Proposal to revise Opt-ins rule
Re-propose supplemental rule
regarding a recycling standard
under Section 608
Promulgate Lead monitor siting
requirements
Promulgate Indian Tribes: Air
Quality Planning & Management
Promulgate MACT for primary
Aluminum
Propose revisions to the allowance
allocation rule
Issue Final 812 Retrospective
Study
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Establishes the second phase of emissions standards for new
nonroad spark-ignition engines at or below 1 9 kilowatts
(25HP), which includes walk-behind lawn mowers, edgers and
trimmers and other lawn care equipments.
Develops a technology based standard to control hazardous
air emissions from the chlorine manufacturing industry.
Controls hazardous air pollutants emitted during the steel
picking processes.
Controls hazardous air emissions from the primary lead
smelting process.
Eliminates duplicative, overlapping federal air pollution
requirements that currently apply to the Synthetic Organic
Chemical Manufacturing Industry.
Controls hazardous air emissions from the converter
operations of primary copper smelting.
Controls hazardous air emissions from oil and natural gas
production facilities and from natural gas transmission and
storage facilities.
Makes technical revisions to Opt-ins rule based on settlement
Re-proposes the recycling standard and program for on-site
reclamation of refrigerants.
Moves ambient lead monitors from roadways to lead smelters
Implements section 301 (d) of the Clean Air Act authorizing
Tribes to be treated in manner similar to States for purposes
of implementing provisions of the CAA.
Controls hazardous air pollutants emitted from primary
Aluminum smelters.
Adjusts allowance allocations to account for actual
repowering projects.
Publishes a comprehensive study of the benefits and costs of
the CAA over the period 1970 to 1990. Required by section
81 2 of the CAA.
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"STATUTORY
DEADLINE^ c
Nov-97
Nov-97
May 92
Nov-97
10
-------
The Clean Air Act Implementation Strategy
(Revised July, 1997)
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DEC-97
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Promulgate NSPS for SOCMI
secondary waste water
Publish open market trading
guidance
Promulgate consumer products
volatile organic compound (VOC)
rule
Publish 1996 air quality & emission
trends report
Propose rulemaking for marine
engines - Supplemental notice
Propose MACT for petroleum
refineries: Catalytic cracking/
reforming units
Propose 112 (I) reinvention
Promulgated architectural/industrial
maintenance coating rule
Promulgate Federal operating
permit program in Indian country
Promulgate revisions to permits,
allowance system, opt-in,
Continuous Emissions Monitoring
(CEMs), and appeal procedures
rules
Promulgate revised definition of
VOC-Methyl Acetate
Propose implementation strategy
for new and/ or revised ozone and
PM NAAQS & regional haze
programs
" '> * , " *
-------
The Clean Air Act Implementation Strategy
(Revised July, 1997)
IWeWfiCTEO
|l ij DATE '
DEC-97
JAN-SS
FEB-98
MAR-98
CAA
I ' TITLE" ' "' "'
II - MOBILE
SOURCES
111 -Am Toxics
IV -ACID RAIN
III- Air Toxics
V- PERMITS
VI- CFCs
III- Air Toxics
III- Air Toxics
IV -Acio RAIN
REGULATORY ACTIVITY
Propose marine engines -
Diesel portion
Promulgate MACT for flexible
polyurethane foam production
Promulgate MACT for phosphoric
acid/phosphate fertilizers
Propose revisions to the
continuous emission monitoring
rule
Propose revisions to the definition
of potential to emit
Promulgate revisions to the
operating permits program
Promulgate amendment to
recycling rule to include all
refrigerants
Promulgate revisions to General
Provisions (Part 63)
Promulgate MACT for wool
fiberglass
Promulgate MACT for primary
copper
Promulgate revised Opt-ins rule
"* <*, -," 'rj ' ''
~- 1 ' DESCRIPTION - ,,->,, ^ ,' "
*,'.., , ',. " .** -^,
Finalizes emission standards and test procedures for diesel
marine engines.
Controls hazardous air pollutants emitted during the
production of flexible polyurethane foam.
Develops a technology based standard to cover hazardous
air emissions from the phosphate fertilizer production
industry and phosphoric acid industry.
Streamlines and makes technical comments to the
continuous emission monitoring rule.
Contains more stringent requirements for "major" sources,
those with potential to emit large amounts.
Changes the procedures States use to revise Title V
operating permits; matches the amount of public and EPA
review to the environmental significance of each revision,
and streamlines the process for most revisions. Also makes
other changes to improve overall implementation of current
rule.
Extends the recycling program for CFCs and HCFCs to
substitute refrigerants.
Amends the General Provisions which were promulgated on
March 16, 1994. Amendments include technical edits and
clarifications.
Controls hazardous air pollutants emitted during the
manufacture of wool fiberglass.
Controls hazardous air emissions from the converter
operations of primary copper smelting.
Makes technical revisions to Opt-ins rule based on
settlement.
J-, a^
STATUTORY *
.DBA&LINE
Nov-97
Nov-2000
Nov-97
Nov-97
12
-------
The Clean Air Act Implementation Strategy
(Revised July, 1997)
rps^VfrV?!1.,
> PROJECTED ,
£*" dATE" ""*
APR-98
MAY-98
JUN-98
*>* '*£> - J" '
* * TITLE ' *"
1 - NONATTAINMENT
111 -Am Toxics
III- AIR Toxics
1 - NONATTAINMENT
III- AIR Toxics
»» if » i,
" ' >, ^f&6lKA'K)RYAc-pVITXs» ^ <* >'
" "»A ^ * '" A ~ * X'
Propose urban area source
program
Propose Federal Minor New
Source Review (NSR) and Major
NSR for Non-attainment areas
Publish draft Report to Congress:
Residua! risk
Promulgate MACT for oil and
natural gas production
Promulgate MACT for mineral wool
Promulgate 112(1) - Partial
approval
Promulgate MACT for
Pharmaceuticals
Promulgate MACT for publicly
owned treatment works (POTW)
Promulgate New Source Review
(NSR) rules
Promulgate ACT for ferroalloys
Promulgate consolidated Federal
air rule
Promulgate ACT for polyether
polyols
Propose ACT for Bakers yeast
? * * * >< -* * ~?* / // ^ a
»*,'-* , - >> DESCRiFttON " ,
Develops a national strategy for addressing health effects of
hazardous air pollutants from urban area sources.
Provides Federal regulatory authority to issue permits to major
and minor sources in Indian country
Describes the methods of calculating residual risk, the public
health significance of any remaining risks, economic
considerations in reducing these risks, and legislative
recommendations regarding residual risk.
Controls hazardous air emissions from oil and natural gas
production facilities and from natural gas transmission and
storage facilities.
Controls hazardous air pollutants emitted from the production
of mineral wool.
Provides States additional flexibility by ^allowing approval of
portions of submitted States rules and programs that meet the
specified approval criteria. Prior to this revision, the EPA would
disapprove the entire State submittal if only some portions of
the State rule or program were approvable.
Develops a technology based standard to control hazardous air
emissions from the manufacture of Pharmaceuticals products
Develops a technology based standard to control hazardous
air emissions from publicly owned treatment works also known
as sewage/wastewater treatment plants.
Allows major stationary sources more flexibility to make
physical and operational changes that have insignificant
environmental impacts or to initiate pollution control or pollution
prevention projects that are environmentally beneficial, without
the time consuming effort of obtaining a major source
construction permit.
Covers hazardous air emissions from the ferroalloys
manufacturing process.
Eliminates duplicative, overlapping federal air pollution
requirements that currently apply to the Synthetic Organic
Chemical Manufacturing Industry.
Controls hazardous air emissions from the manufacture of
polyether polyols.
Controls hazardous air emissions from the manufacture of
Bakers yeast.
7 "* l
STATUTORY
_i>i&jeyffe_Jl
Nov-97
Nov-97
Nov-97
Nov-97
Nov-97
Nov-97
Nov-97
13
-------
The Clean Air Act Implementation Strategy
(Revised July, 1997)
, PROJECTED
J DATE
JUL-98
AUQ-98
SEP-98
NOV-98
DEC-98
' CAA"
TITLE
lll-AlRTOXICS
IV- ACID RAIN
III- AIR Toxics
HI- AIR Toxics
III-AiRToxics
I-NONATTAINMENT
REGULATORY ACTIVITY
Promulgate ACT for acrylic/
modacrylic fibers
Promulgate pulp & paper
(combustion) ACT II
Promulgate ACT for
polycarbonates production
Promulgate revisions to the
allowance allocations rule
Promulgate MACT for primary
Lead
Promulgate MACT for Portland
Cement
Promulgate MACT for secondary
Aluminum
Promulgate MACT for polymers
and resins III
Promulgate MACT for agricultural
chemical production
Promulgate MACT for chlorine
production
Promulgate MACT for petroleum
refineries: Catalytic cracking/
reforming units
Promulgate 112(1) reinvention
Promulgate implementation
strategy for ozone and PM national
ambient air quality standards
(NAAQS)
DESCRIPTION 1*1 * * ' - ~"^r" "\* ''*> ^fi
*. ''p ^ *' * ^ s \
Regulates hazardous emissions from the manufacture of
acrylic and modacrylic fibers.
Controls hazardous air and water emissions from the kraft
process which is used at kraft pulp mills.
Controls hazardous air emissions from the production of
polycarbonate resins.
Adjusts allowance allocations to account for actual repowering
projects.
Controls hazardous air emissions from primary Lead smelters
including facilities which smelt concentrated Lead ore to
produce elemental Lead.
Controls hazardous air emissions from the manufacture of
Portland Cement.
Controls hazardous air emissions from the processing of
secondary Aluminum which could include scrap
crushing/shredding and furnace operations.
Controls hazardous air emissions from the source categories of
Acetal, Amino, and Phenolic resins used primarily as binders
for particle board and related products.
Controls hazardous air emissions from the production of
agricultural chemicals. This rule will cover 10 source
categories.
Develops a technology based standard to control hazardous air
emissions for the chlorine manufacturing industry.
Develops a technology based standard to control hazardous air
emissions of three process vents not covered under the
Petroleum Refineries a technology based standard
promulgated in 1995.
Publishes the rule after addressing all comments received
during the public comment period.
Provides guidance to State and local agencies concerning
actions prior to and including designation of areas not attaining
PM and Ozone NAAQS.
dfATOTORVy
DeADLlNe* v
Nov-97
Nov-97
Nov-97
Nov-97
Nov-97
Nov-97
Nov-97
Nov-97
Nov-97
14
-------
1
The Clean Air Act Implementation Strategy
(Revised July, 1997)
*&~. "'
.'PROJECTED '
'
DEC-98
'f\ , ' C'A-A. &
^_JW*. .V-
I - NONATTAINMENT
IV- ACID RAIN
' ^R^UUmSRYAtC^IVlTY ' <'"
,v?^ . <> *x' - - * , ' -,,
Promulgate urban area source
program
Propose MACT for reinforced
plastic composite
Promulgate revisions to permits,
allowance system, opt-in,
Continuous Emissions Monitoring
(OEMs), and appeal procedures
rules
f. 'j*C ' * / * ^ ' "^ * ^ ^ *t ~^
i ' ''"' l\ ''' "' *Df^raRn6^ "^ "s ^ V
Develops a national strategy for addressing health effects of
hazardous air pollutants from urban area sources.
Controls hazardous air emissions in the manufacture of
composite production involving thermoset resins and
reinforcements.
Streamlines and makes technical corrections to acid rain rules
and codifies a settlement agreement.
STATUTORY',
Nov-97
15
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