United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Air and Radiation
EPA420-B-99-001
April 1999
&EPA Transportation Air Quality
Center Products
Publications
Policy Memos
Guidance Documents
Electronic Databases
second edition
IRAQ
EPA's Transportation Air Quality Center
http ://www. epa.gov/oms/traq
Printed on Recycled Paper
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Table of Contents
Introduction 3
Ordering Publications 3
IRAQ Center Website 4
Electronic Clearinghouses 4
Transportation Conformity 5
Voluntary Mobile Source Emission Reduction Program 5
Transportation Control Measures 6
Transportation and Air Quality TCM Technical Overviews 7
Market Incentives 7
Public Education/Outreach 8
Transportation and Air Quality Fact Sheets 9
Sustainable Development 9
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Introduction
This guide was developed by EPA's Office of Mobile Sources in order to provide our stakeholders
with a listing of available resources and products that will assist communities in improving air
quality and public health while maintaining or improving local mobility. The goal of the Transporta-
tion Air Quality (TRAQ) Center is to put national EPA resources to work in communities across the
United States. The resources listed on the following pages can help you:
• integrate air quality and transportation plans.
• manage sprawl by providing tools to assess the best growth choices for your community.
• launch and evaluate voluntary Transportation Demand Measures (TDM) and Transportation
Control Measures (TCM) programs.
• access helpful information.
• enhance local public education efforts.
• create new transportation solutions.
Ordering Publications
Unless otherwise noted, these publications are available from the National Service Center for Envi-
ronmental Publications (NSCEP). Your publication requests can be mailed, called, or faxed directly
to:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
NSCEP
P.O. Box 42419
Cincinnati, OH 45242
Phone:(800)490-9198
FAX: (513)489-8695
You may also order publications from NSCEP via the Internet at:
http://www.epa.gov/ncepihom/index.html
If you need a publication that is not available through NSCEP, call the TRAQ Information Request
Line at (734) 214-4100.
The documents and databases described here are available electronically at:
http ://www. epa.gov/oms/traq
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IRAQ Center Website
The TRAQ Center Website—http://www.epa.gov/oms/traq—provides access to critical informa-
tion regarding the following programs:
• Conformity
• Market Incentives
• Public Education/Outreach
• Transportation Control Measures
• Sustainable Development
• Voluntary Measures
• Commuter Choice
The Website also provides up-to-date information on funding sources, modeling, publications, part-
nerships, and laws and regulations, and includes the following electronic clearinghouses:
• Survey of Episodic Control Programs
• Market Incentives Resource Center (MIRC) for Air Quality Programs
• Smart Travel Resource Center
• Transportation Control Measures (TCM) Database
• Transportation-Related Grants Database
Electronic Clearinghouses
The following databases are available on the TRAQ Center Website at:
http ://www. epa.gov/oms/traq
Survey of Episodic Control Programs
This resource for episodic control information includes collected data on episodic control programs
currently implemented or under development across the country.
Market Incentives Resource Center (MIRC) for Air Quality Programs
The MIRC provides information on market incentive programs (e.g., transportation pricing and
emissions trading programs) in the U.S.
Smart Travel Resource Center (STRC)
This electronic clearinghouse provides access to summaries of public education programs around the
country that address transportation and air quality issues.
Transportation Control Measures (TCM) Database
The TCM database is an on-line searchable directory on TCM programs operating around the coun-
try. It also has 14 technical overviews on different types of TCMs. The technical overviews include
descriptions of how the measures work.
Transportation-Related Grants Database
The Transportation-Related Grants Database was developed to facilitate information exchange
among transportation practitioners, public decision makers, industry, consultants, public interest
groups and others who support travel-related activities which minimize emissions from mobile
sources. Information is provided on more than 50 EPA funded transportation-related projects from
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around the nation. These projects and programs focus on encouraging travel-related activities which
minimize emissions from mobile sources.
Transportation Conformity
Conformity is a way to ensure that federal funding and approval are given to those transportation
activities that are consistent with air quality goals. Conformity rulemakings, accompanying out-
reach materials, and policy memoranda are available through the IRAQ Website.
Transportation Conformity: A Basic Guide for State and Local Officials
The U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) published this guide in 1997, in coordination with
EPA. The guide provides a general overview of conformity: defines conformity, identifies what types
of transportation projects are subject to conformity, identifies conformity "players," describes play-
ers' responsibilities, and explains how the public is involved in the conformity process. The basic
guide is geared toward local and state elected officials, advocacy groups, and the general public.
Interested parties can obtain the guide at no cost by calling U.S. DOT's Publications Hotline at (202)
366-2069.
Linking Transportation and Air Quality Planning: Implementation of the Transportation
Conformity Regulations in 15 Nonattainment Areas
(EPA420-R-99-011, April 1999) This report, by researcher Arnold Howitt of Harvard's Kennedy
School of Government, takes an in-depth look at transportation conformity implementation in 15
study areas from 1991 through January 1998. Using a case-study approach, the report explores the
conformity rule's impact on transportation planning, air quality planning, and the relationships of the
involved agencies and constituencies. The report was jointly funded by U.S. EPA and U.S. DOT.
(Study areas: Atlanta, GA; Baltimore, MD; Boston, MA; Charlotte, NC; Chicago, IL; Denver, CO;
Houston, TX; Milwaukee, WI; Northern New Jersey; New York, N.Y.; Philadelphia, PA; Phoenix,
AZ; Portland, OR; Salt Lake City, UT; and San Francisco, CA.)
This report would be of interest to conformity implementers and others that have an interest in
transportation planning decisions; it can be found on the Internet at: http://www.epa.gov/oms/transp/
traqconf.htm.
Voluntary Mobile Source Emission Reduction Program
Voluntary mobile source emission reduction programs rely on voluntary actions of individuals or
other parties for achieving emission reductions.
Quantification of Episodic Control Programs
(EPA420-R-97-006, May 1998) This report provides an in-depth examination of episodic emission
control programs for five selected areas (Baltimore, Sacramento, San Francisco, Cincinnati, and
Dallas) and the techniques used to evaluate the effectiveness of the individual control measures
included in the programs.
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Index of Transportation Measure Quantification Efforts: Methodology Matrix
(EPA420-R-98-018, December 1997) This methodology matrix provides a clearly organized, easy-
to-use summary of available methodologies for evaluating a given transportation measure, the
strengths and weaknesses of those methodologies, and examples of research and evaluation efforts
that have utilized each of those methodologies.
Voluntary Measures and SIP Credits Policy
This October 23, 1997, memorandum from Richard D. Wilson, Acting Administrator for the Office
of Air and Radiation, presents guidance for adopting Voluntary Mobile Source Emissions Programs
into State Implementation Plans (SIPs). The guidance allows for regional EPA approval of a number
of community-based environmental protection strategies related to transportation or mobile source
emissions. (Available from the TRAQ Information Request Line.)
Voluntary Mobile Source Programs: Crediting Innovation and Experimentation
(EPA420-K-97-004, March 1998) This brochure provides basic information about the Voluntary
Mobile Source Emissions Programs (VMEPs) policy and outlines the federal process a state would
go through to receive credit for their VMEPs in a SIP.
State Implementation Plan Development Guidance: Using Emission Reductions from Com-
muter Choice Programs to Meet Clean Air Act Requirements
(EPA420-R-98-007, March 1997) This guidance document assists states and federal agencies to
calculate the emissions benefits of commuter choice programs. By issuing this guidance, EPA hopes
to encourage states to experiment with incorporating commuter choice programs into their SIPs in
order to attain and maintain National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Commute benefits, sometimes
called transportation fringe benefits, are items such as parking spaces, transit passes and vanpool
subsidies, provided by employers to defray the costs to employees of transportation to and from
work.
Commuter Choice - Benefits for Commuters, Companies, Communities
(EPA420-F-99-009, April 1999) The Commuter Choice Brochure provides introductory information
about the benefits of commuter choice for commuters, companies, and communities. The brochure
also lists where additional information may be found.
Transportation Control Measures
A popular means to reduce vehicle emissions by encouraging changes in the ways people travel.
Transportation Control Measure Information Documents
(EPA400-R-92-006, March 1992) This report contains information documents on the 16 broad
categories of TCMs as required and described under Section 108(f) of the Clean Air Act Amend-
ments of 1990. Each of the TCM categories is described in terms of its objectives, variations in the
ways it may be implemented, representative examples of actual usage, expected transportation and
emissions impacts, other potentially important considerations, and a set of implementation guide-
lines that can be followed by state, regional, and local agencies. (This document is not available
electronically. It is available from the National Technical Information Service [NTIS] at 800-553-
6847. NTIS# PB92-172566/REB)
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Methodologies for Estimating Emission and Travel Activity Effects of TCMs
(EPA420-R-94-002, July 1994) This report provides a step by step approach for quantitatively
estimating the travel and emissions changes that are possible from implementing a number of trans-
portation control measures. The report includes equations for calculating changes in the number of
trips, vehicle miles traveled, and speed, as well as methods for estimating emission effects of these
travel activity changes.
Benefits Estimates for Selected TCM Programs
(EPA420-R-98-002, March 1999) This report illustrates the use of'EPAs Methodologies for Estimat-
ing Emission and Travel Activity Effects of TCMs by applying the methodologies to the estimation of
benefits for six operating TCM programs.
Transportation and Air Quality TCM Technical Overviews
These documents provide overviews of individual Transportation Control Measures (TCMs), in
which their advantages, disadvantages, and the issues involved in their implementation are dis-
cussed.
Accelerated Retirement of Vehicles (EPA420-S-98-001, July 1998)
Bicycle and Pedestrian Programs (EPA420-S-98-002, July 1998)
Commute Alternative Incentives (EPA420-S-98-003, July 1998)
Congestion Pricing (EPA420-S-98-004, July 1998)
Guaranteed Ride Home (EPA420-S-98-005, July 1998)
High Occupancy Vehicle Lanes (EPA420-S-98-006, July 1998)
Intelligent Transportation Systems (EPA420-S-98-007, July 1998)
Parking Management (EPA420-S-98-008, July 1998)
Parking Pricing (EPA420-S-98-009, July 1998)
Improved Public Transit (EPA420-S-98-010, July 1998)
Telecommuting (EPA420-S-98-011, July 1998)
Traffic Flow Improvements (EPA420-S-98-012, July 1998)
Trip Reduction Ordinances (EPA420-S-98-013, July 1998)
Work Schedule Changes (EPA420-S-98-014, July 1998)
Market Incentives
Programs that use economic incentives as a means of achieving or furthering air quality goals.
Opportunities to Improve Air Quality Through Transportation Pricing Programs
(EPA420-R-97-004, July 1997) This document provides information on transportation pricing for
state and local air quality and transportation planners, government officials and other interested
parties
Market Incentives Resource Center: Directory of Air Quality Economic Incentive Programs
(EPA420-K-97-001, August 1997) This brochure provides step by step guidance on accessing and
using the MIRC database.
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Public Education/Outreach
Activities, programs, and materials which address transportation and air quality issues, and are
designed to educate, increase awareness, and/or generate environmentally-sound travel decisions
by citizens.
EPA's Transportation Air Quality (TRAQ) Center
(EPA420-F-99-012 May 1999) This brochure provides a broad overview of the kinds of services that
the Transportation Air Quality Center provides to state and local transportation and air quality offi-
cials and others interested in these issues.
Smart Travel Resource Center
(EPA420-K-97-002, May 1998) This brochure describes how to access and use the STRC database.
Let Kids Lead
The Academy for Educational Development (AED), through a cooperative agreement with EPA's
Office of Mobile Sources, has undertaken a program to involve America's youth in the reduction of
vehicle miles traveled (VMT) to help improve air quality. This brochure includes lessons from the
literature on youth programs to reduce VMT, and includes a few descriptive studies of programs in
progress to illustrate the kind of work now underway. The brochure is based on a larger report that
builds on summaries of more than 250 research studies and journals by scholars. Interested parties
may obtain this document from the TRAQ Information Line or from the TRAQ Web Site. If you are
interested in receiving the complete research document from which the Let Kids Lead brochure is
based, contact AED at 202-884-8700 and request a copy of "VMT Youth Initiative, Review of Re-
search".
Driving Alone? An Alternative Might Work Even Better
(Brochure: EPA420-F-95-011, January 1996; Poster: EPA420-H-95-002, January 1996) This bro-
chure and poster quote real people describing the reasons they telecommute, rideshare, ride a bus,
train, or bike, and participate in a compressed work schedule. These documents are aimed at being
distributed to commuters at work sites. The brochure and poster are designed as companion pieces to
locally developed materials, although they can also be used alone. (A diskette is available with both
the poster and the brochure to allow users to add their own local contact information to the docu-
ments.)
TDM Case Studies and Commuter Testimonials
The Association for Commuter Transportation (ACT) published this document with funding by EPA's
Office of Mobile Sources, and support from EPA's Office of Policy and Program Evaluation. Suc-
cessful transportation demand management programs are described in 19 case studies. Commuter
testimonials cover the following areas: bicycle and pedestrian; compressed work week; guaranteed
ride home; ridesharing; telecommuting; and transit. (Available from ACT's TDM Institute at (202)
393-3497, and on the TRAQ Website)
"It All Adds Up to Cleaner Air" Resource Toolkit
This resource toolkit is a collaborative effort between the U.S. DOT and the U.S. EPA. It is a compre-
hensive guide that provides practical advice on how to effectively use communications techniques
and the media to support transportation and air quality programs. It contains copies of the "It All
Adds Up to Cleaner Air" broadcast and print public service announcements, press materials, and
additional outreach resources. The collateral materials with the toolkit may be customized as appro-
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priate to meet specific community needs. Electronic versions of all the documents are available on
the TRAQ Website. Further information on the broadcast public service announcements may be
received by calling the TRAQ Information Request Line.
Transportation and Air Quality Fact Sheets
Environmental Fact Sheets are relatively brief documents that summarize information about a
particular area in which EPA works. They are less technical than some of the other documents
EPA offers, and are meant for the general public or those with only a little knowledge of the topic.
Accelerated Vehicle Retirement Programs (EPA420-F-97-031, December 1997)
Bicycle and Pedestrian Programs as a Transportation Control Measure (EPA420-F-97-032,
December 1997)
Congestion Pricing (EPA420-F-97-030, December 1997)
Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Improvement Program (EPA420-F-99-003, February
1999)
Episodic Emission Control Programs (EPA420-F-97-022, December 1997)
Intelligent Transportation Systems (EPA420-F-97-033, December 1997)
Transportation Control Measures (EPA420-F-97-021, December 1997)
TRAQ Technical Brief: Commuter Choice: Guidance Overview (EPA420-F-98-035, September
1998)
The Commuter Choice Program: A Way to Save Money and Help the Environment (EPA420-F-
98-029, December 1998)
Commuter Choice: Information for Employers (EPA420-F-98-031, December 1998)
Commuter Choice: Information for Employees (EPA420-F-98-032, December 1998)
Air Quality Opportunities in the Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century (TEA-21)
(EPA400-F-99-001, February 1999)
Sustainable Development
A sustainable condition for this planet is one in which there is stability for both social and physi-
cal systems, achieved through meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability
of future generations to meet their own needs.
Evaluation of Modeling Tools for Assessing Land Use Policies and Strategies
(EPA420-R-97-007, August 1997) This report discusses land use strategies and their relationship to
vehicle miles traveled (VMT) reduction, and assesses current integrated travel demand and land use
modeling tools.
Background Information for Land Use SIP Policy
(EPA420-R-98-012, September 1998) This report identifies and evaluates if and how emissions
benefits of various land use measures that affect travel behavior are accounted for in current SIPs.
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