EPA420-R-00-008
December 2000
Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy
Trends 1975 Through 2000
by
Robert M. Heavenrich
Karl H. Hellman
Advanced Technology Division
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
NOTICE
This technical report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or positions.
It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data which are currently available.
The purpose in the release of such reports is to facilitate the exchange of
technical information and to inform the public of technical developments which
may form the basis for a final EPA decision, position, or regulatory action.
-------
Copies of this document in PDF and WPD format can be found on the
Office of Transportation and Air Quality web site at
http: //www. epa. gov/otaq/mpg ...htm
Printed copies are available from:
National Service Center for Environmental Publications
U.S. EPA/NSCEP
P.O. Box 42419
Cincinnati, OH 45242-2419
1-800-490-9198
1-513-489-8190
-------
Table of Contents
Page
Number
Executive Summary i
I. Introduction 1
II. General Car and Truck Trends 6
III. Trends by Vehicle Type and Size Class 17
IV. Technology Trends . 33
V. Trends by Market Segment 48
VI. Fuel Economy Improvement . 60
VII, Conclusions 76
VIII. References 77
-------
Appendixes
APPENDIX A
APPENDIX B
APPENDIX C
APPENDIX D
APPENDIX E
APPENDIX F
APPENDIX G
APPENDIX H
APPENDIX I
APPENDIX J
APPENDIX K
APPENDIX L
Page
Number
Vehicle Classification Exceptions A-l
Model Year 2000 Nameplate MPG Listings .... B-l
Best/Worst Vehicles by Model Year C-l
Data Stratified by Vehicle Type D-l
Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size . . . E-l
Car Data Stratified bV EPA Car Class F-l
Data Stratified by Weight Class G-l
Data Stratified by Transmission Type H-l
Data Stratified by Cylinder Count 1-1
Data Stratified by Valves Per Cylinder . . . . J-l
Data Stratified by Market Segment K-l
Fuel Economy Improvement Data L-l
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Executive Summary
Introduction
This report summarizes key fuel economy and technology usage
trends related to model year 1975 through 2000 light vehicles
sold in the United States. Light vehicles include those vehicles
that EPA and the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) classify
as cars or light-duty trucks (sport utility vehicles, vans, and
pickup trucks with leas than 8,500 pounds gross vehicle weight
ratings). The report finds that since 1988 average new light
vehicle fuel economy has declined 1.9 miles per gallon (mpg),
i.e., more than seven percent, primarily because light truck
market share has increased and because fuel economy has been
traded off for increased vehicle weight and performance.
The fuel economy values in this report are laboratory data
and are significantly higher than the real world estimates used
on new vehicle labels and in the Fuel Economy Guide. The fuel
economy values in this report are similar to those used by the
DOT for compliance with fuel economy standards, but because the
values in this report exclude correction factors for alternative
fuel capability and test procedure adjustments, they are always
lower than those reported by DOT.
Importance of Fuel Economy
Since the early 1970s, EPA has issued reports that summarize
new light vehicle fuel economy data. Fuel economy continues to
be a major area of public and policy interest for several
reasons, including:
(1) Fuel economy is directly related to carbon dioxide
emissions, the most prevalent pollutant associated
with global warming. Light vehicles contribute about
20% of all U.S. carbon dioxide emissions.
(2) Light vehicles account for approximately 40% of all
U.S. oil consumption. Crude oil, from which nearly
all light vehicle fuels are made, is considered to
be a finite natural resource.
(3) Fuel economy is directly related to the cost of fueling
a vehicle and is of greater interest when oil and
gasoline prices rise, as has happened recently.
-------
Highlight #1; Fuel Economy Remains at a 20 Year Low
There has been an overall declining trend in light vehicle
fuel economy since 1988. The average fuel economy for all model
year 2000 light vehicles is now 24.0 mpg, the same* as in 1999,
and is as low as it has been at any time since 1980. This value
is more than 1.9 mpg (about seven percent) lower than the peak
value of 25.9 mpg achieved in 1987 and 1988. Within the light
vehicle category for model year 2000, average fuel economy is
28.1 mpg for passenger cars and 20.5 mpg for light trucks.
All of the fleet-wide improvement in new light vehicle fuel
economy occurred from the middle 1970s through the late 1980s,
but it has been consistently falling since then. Viewed
separately, the average fuel economy for new cars has been
essentially flat over the last 15 years, varying only from 27.6
mpg to 28.6 mpg. Similarly, the average fuel economy for new
light trucks has been largely unchanged for the past 20 years,
ranging from 20.1 mpg to 21.6 mpg. The increasing market share
of light trucks, which have lower average fuel economy than cars,
accounts for much of the decline in fuel economy of the overall
new light vehicle fleet.
Fuel Economy by Model Year
30 ,
Average MPG
25 --
20 --
15 --
10
Cars
1970
1975
1980
1985 1990
Model Year
1995
2000
* Note the data for model years 1998 and 1999 in this report have
been revised since the previous paper in this series was issued.
11
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Highlight #2; Trucks Represent Nearly Half of New Vehicle Sales
Sales of light trucks, which include sport utility vehicles
(SUVs), vans, and pickup trucks, have risen steadily for over 20
years and now make up 46% of the U.S. light vehicle market—more
than twice their market share as recently as 1983.
Growth in the light truck market has been led recently by
the explosive popularity of SUVs. SUV sales have increased by
more than a factor of ten from less than 190,000 in 1975 (less
than 2% of the overall new light vehicle market) to over 3.2
million in 2000 (20% of the market). Over the same period, the
market share for vans doubled from 4.5 to 9%, and for pickup
trucks, grew from 13 to 17%. Between 1975 and 2000, market share
for new passenger cars and wagons decreased from 81 to 54%. EPA
estimates that the new light trucks sold in 2000 will consume,
over their lifetimes, about 56% of the fuel used by all of the
new light vehicles sold in 2000. For model year 2000, cars
average 28.1 mpg, vans 22.5, pickups. 20.1 and SUVs 20.0.
Sales Fraction by Vehicle Type
100%
Sales Fraction
80% -
60% -
40% -
20%
-Car
-SUV
-Van
- Pickup
1975
1980
1985 1990
Model Year
1995
2000
111
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Highlight #3; Fuel Economy J8 Being Traded for Weight and Power
More efficient technologies continue to enter the new light
vehicle fleet and are being used to increase light vehicle weight
and acceleration rather than fuel economy. This year's light
vehicles will have about the same average fuel economy as those
built in model year 1981. Based on accepted engineering
relationships, however, had the new 2000 light vehicle fleet had
the same average weight and performance as in 1981, it could have
achieved 25% higher fuel economy.
More efficient technologies—such as engines with more
valves and more sophisticated fuel injection systems, and
transmissions with lockup torque converters and extra gears—
continue to penetrate the new light vehicle fleet. The trend has
clearly been to apply these new technologies to increase average
new vehicle weight, power, and performance while maintaining fuel
economy constant. This is reflected by heavier average vehicle
weight (up 21% since 1981, up 1% since 1999), rising average
horsepower (up 79% since 1981, up 3% since 1999), and lower 0 to
60 mile-per-hour acceleration time (26% faster since 1981, 2%
faster since 1999).
Percent Change from 1981 to 2000
in Average Vehicle Characteristics
Percent unange
Increase
Decrease
-50%
Fuel Economy Weight (Ibs) Horsepower O to 60 Time (sec)
-0.4% +21% +79% -26%
IV
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Highlight #4:
Ford and General Motors are Pledging to Increase
Fuel Economy
Ford Motor Company recently pledged to increase the fuel
economy of its entire line of sport utility vehicle sales by 25
percent by the 2005 model year. General Motors pledged to remain
the truck fuel economy leader. If all manufacturers were to
voluntarily increase the average fuel economy of their entire
light vehicle fleets by 25 percent by 2005, average new light
vehicle fuel economy would increase from 24 mpg to 30 mpg.
Ford's pledge would result in an increase in the laboratory
fuel economy of Ford's SUVs from about 18 mpg to about 23 mpg.
General Motors, whose SUVs average around 19 mpg, pledged to
remain the truck fuel economy leader.
If all manufacturers chose to match Ford's commitment to
increase SUV fuel economy by 25 percent by 2005, then average SUV
fuel economy would increase from 20.0 mpg to 25.0 mpg, and
overall light vehicle fuel economy would increase from 24.0 mpg
to 25.2 mpg. Further, if all manufacturers chose to voluntarily
increase the average fuel economy of all of their light vehicles
by 25 percent, then the average fleetwide fuel economy would rise
from 24.0 mpg to 30.0 mpg.
35
Effect if Fuel Economy is Improved 25% by 2005
MPG
10
If All Vehicles Improve 25%
30
25
20
15 --
If Just SUVs Improve 25%
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
V
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Highlight #5;
The Honda Insight Hybrid is the Most Fuel
Efficient U.S. Vehicle Since 1975
The model year 2000 Honda Insight two-seater is the most
fuel efficient vehicle sold in the United States since 1975 and
likely the most fuel efficient vehicle ever sold in the U.S.
'market.
A major development in model year 2000 was the introduction
of a gasoline/battery hybrid vehicle. The Honda Insight is the
first hybrid car ever sold in the U.S. market. It has a manual
transmission and its drivetrain includes a gasoline-fueled
engine, a battery used for traction, a regenerative braking
system, and an electric motor/generator. The two-seater Insight
has a laboratory fuel economy rating of 76.3 mpg, and Fuel
Economy Guide/label ratings of 61 mpg city and 70 mpg highway.
The Insight's laboratory fuel economy value is about 9 mpg
higher than the second most fuel efficient vehicle sold in the
United States since 1975, a 1986 Geo Sprint mini-compact. The
Insight's fuel economy is also about 25 mpg higher than that for
the next most efficient model year 2000 vehicles, the Volkswagen
Beetle/Golf/Jetta diesels and a gasoline-powered Chevrolet Metro.
Like the Insight, all of these values are for models equipped
with manual transmissions. The introduction of the Insight may
be the start of a trend towards increasing use of hybrid vehicle
technology. For model year 2001, Toyota is introducing in the
U.S. market a hybrid vehicle, the Prius. This compact car has a
laboratory fuel economy rating of 57.6 mpg, and Fuel Economy
Guide-'label ratings of 52 mpg city and 45 mpg highway.
Comparison of the Honda Insight with
Other High Fuel Economy Vehicles
MY2000 Average Small Car
MY2000 Chevrolet Metro
MY2000 VW Diesels
MY1986 Geo Sprint
MY2000 Honda Insight
.', V
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Miles per Gallon (MPG)
VI
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I. Introduction
Light-duty automotive technology and fuel economy trends are
examined herein, as in preceding papers in this series [1-27],
using the latest and most complete EPA data available. The source
database was frozen in January 2000.
Through model year 1998, the fuel economy and vehicle sales
data used for this report were obtained from the most complete
databases used for corporate average fuel economy standards and
"gas guzzler" compliance purposes. For all practical purposes,
these databases are stable and are not expected to change in the
future. For model years 1999 and 2000, the fuel economy and sales
data used for this report were extracted from the database used
for the federal government's fuel economy public information
programs: the Fuel Economy Guide and the mpg labels that are
placed on new vehicles. The vehicle sales data for 1999 and 2000
used for this report have been adjusted, as necessary, to take
into account t les data available in trade publications at the
time the database was frozen.
The mpg data in this series of reports are unadjusted
laboratory data, with no correction for laboratory to on-road
shortfall, alternative fuels capability "credits", or test
procedure adjustment. Accordingly, the mpg values in this report
are always slightly lower than those reported by the Department of
Transportation and significantly higher than those provided in the
Fuel Economy Guide. The laboratory fuel economy values are
adjusted downward (the city value by 10 percent and the highway ,
value by 22 percent) to obtain t"ie real world projections used on
new vehicle labels and in the Fuel Economy Guide. These
systematic differences do not influence the fuel economy and
technology trends in this report.
Where only one mpg value is presented in this report, it is
the "composite 55/45 combined mpg", i.e.,
MPG55/45 = 1 / (.55/ MPGC + .45/MPGH)
where MPGC is the fuel economy on the EPA City Driving cycle and '
MPGH is the fuel economy on the EPA Highway Driving cycle.
Numbers in brackets denote references listed at the end of
the text.
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All vehicle weight data are based on inertia weight class
(nominally curb weight plus 300 pounds). For vehicles with
inertia weights up to and including the 3000-pound inertia weight
class, these classes have 250-pound increments. For vehicles above
the 3000-pound inertia weight class (i.e., vehicles 3500 pounds
and above), 500-pound increments are used. All interior volume
data for cars built after model year 1977 are based on the metric
used to classify cars for the DOE/EPA Fuel Economy Guide. The car
interior volume data in this paper combine that of the passenger
compartment and trunk/cargo space. In the Fuel Economy Guide,
interior volume is undefined for the two-seater class; for this
series of reports, all two-seater cars have been assigned an
interior volume value of 50 cubic feet.
The light truck data used in this series of papers includes
only vehicles classified as light trucks with gross vehicle weight
ratings (GVWR) up to 8,500 pounds. Vehicles with GVWR between
8,500 and 10,000 pounds are not included in the database used for
this report. Omitting these vehicles influences the overall
averages for all variables studied in this paper. Currently,
total sales of trucks with GVWR between 8,500 and 10,000 pounds
represent only about 6 or 7% of the total sales of trucks with
GVWR of 8,500 pounds or less.
To the extent that trucks with GVWR between 8,500 and 10,000
pounds have lower fuel economy than the average for the trucks
reported in this paper, the average fuel economy of the 0 to
10,000 pound GVWR fleet will be lower (and the fuel consumption
higher) than the values reported here. For example, based on an
examination c.f final sales data frcn trade publications and
analysis of fuel economy data from a limited number of laboratory
tests of recent (i.e., 1997 to 2000) model years, model year 1998
trucks with GVWR of 8,500 to 10,000 pounds have an estimated
average fuel economy of approximately 12.7 mpg.
Combining the 12.7 mpg value for trucks above 8,500 GVWR with
that for model year 1998 trucks with GVWR below 8,500 (i.e., 20.9
mpg) results in an average fuel economy of 20.1 mpg, or about 4%
lower than the light-truck average for 1998 shown in this paper.
Similarly, the average fuel economy for cars and all trucks under
10,000 GVWR for that year would have been 23.7 mpg, compared to a
value of 24.5 mpg obtained when the heavier trucks are excluded.
Note that model year 1998 was selected for this example because it
was the most current year for which final sales data were
available when the source data base used for this report was
frozen.
-------
In addition to mpg, some tables in this paper contain
alternate measures of vehicle fuel efficiency as used in reference
17. "Ton-mpg" is defined as a vehicle's mpg multiplied by its
inertia weight in tons. This metric provides an indication of a
vehicle's ability to move weight (i.e., its own plus a nominal
payload). Ton-mpg is a measure of powertrain/drive-line
efficiency. Just as an increase in vehicle mpg at constant weight
can be considered an improvement in a vehicle's efficiency, an
increase in a vehicle's weight-carrying capacity at constant mpg
can also be considered an "improvement."
"Cubic-feet-mpg" for cars is defined in this paper as the
product of a car's mpg and its interior volume, including trunk
space. This metric associates a relative measure of a vehicle's '
ability to transport both passengers and their cargo. An increase
in vehicle volume at constant mpg could be considered an
improvement just as an increase in mpg at constant volume can be.
"Cubic-feet-ton-mpg" is defined in this paper ^ a
combination of the two previous metrics, i.e., a car's mpg
multiplied by its weight in tons and also by its interior volume.
It ascribes vehicle utility to the -ability to move both weight and
volume.
This paper also includes an estimate of O-to-60 MPH
acceleration time, calculated from engine rated horsepower and
vehicle inertia weight, from the relationship:
t = F (HP/WT) -f
where the values used for F and f coefficients are .892 and .805
respectively for vehicles with automatic transmissions and .967
and .775 respectively for those with manual transmissions [28].
Other authors [29, 30, and 31] have evaluated the relationships
between weight, horsepower, and O-to-60 acceleration time and have
calculated and published slightly different values for the F and f
coefficients.
The O-to-60 estimate used in this paper is intended to provide
a quantitative time, "index" of vehicle performance capability. It
is the authors' engineering judgment that, given the differences
in test methods for measuring O-to-60 time and given the fact that
the weight is based on inertia weight, use of these other
published values for the F and f coefficients would not result in
a significantly different O-to-60 relative performance estimate.
The results of a similar calculation of estimated "top speed" are
also included in some tables.
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For cars, vehicle classification as to vehicle type, size
class and manufacturer/origin generally follows fuel •=««*
Compact" car classes combined into the "Small Car class.
The truck classification scheme used for all model years in
this paper is slightly different from that used prior to 1999 in
this Series* because pickups, vans, and sports utility vehicles
" are sometimes each subdivided as "Small," "
ss are so Qn
•Larcre " These truck size classifications are based primarily on
published wheelbase data according to the following crxtena:
Pickup Yan SUV
Small Less than 105" Less than 109" Less than 100"
Midsize 105" to 115" , 109" to 124" 100" to 110"
Large More than 115" More than 124" More than 110"
This classification scheme is similar to that used in many
trade anS consumer publications. For those vehxcle nameplates
with a variety of wheelbases, the size- classification was
diterminidSy considering only the smallest wheelbase produced.
Grouping all vehicles into classes and then constructing txme
trendi of parameters of interest, like mpg, can provn.de
orP°Dome~stic?" "European, •• and "Asian" car used in this ser.es of
papers .
of a vehicle as a "Domestic" or "Import"
of the vehicle's powertrain and emissions control system
-------
engine and transmission development and is not intended to be a
replacement for other domestic/import definitions such as those
used for fuel economy or tariff compliance programs. Classes
based on other definitions are possible, and results from these
other classifications may also be useful.
Appendix B list? the model year 2000 nameplates by size class
and their sales-weighted average 55/45 mpg as of the data freeze
date. Appendix C lists and describes the most, and least, fuel
efficient vehicles for model years 1975 to 2000.
Appendixes D through G contain a series of tables in which
the fleet is grouped into classes and stratified based on vehicle
type, vehicle type and size, EPA car class, and inertia weight
class respectively.
Appendixes H, I, and J contain a series of tables in which
the fleet is grouped into classes and stratified based on
transmission type and number of gears,'cylinder count, and by the
number of engine valves per cylinder, respectively.
Appendix J contains, information about the fleet grouped into
market segment classes which reflect Domestic, European, and Asian
design sources for cars and Domestic and Imported design sources
for trucks.
Appendix L contains tables that provide detailed data related
to the Fuel Economy Improvement Potential section of this report.
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II. General Car and Truck Trends
Table 1 gives sales and fuel economy of passenger cars, light
trucks, and all light-duty vehicles (cars and light trucks) for
model years 1975 to 2000. As Figure 1 shows, for the past dozen
years, the fuel economy of the combined car and light-truck fleet
has gradually declined and remains about two mpg, or about 7%,
below the peak value of 25.9 mpg attained in 1987 and 1988. Both
car and light-truck mpg have been very stable during this period,
since 1986 cars have been within 0.5 mpg of 28.1 and light trucks
within 0.5 mpg of 21.1 since 1983.
For MY2000, average mpg of all cars and trucks combined is
projected to be 24.0 or lower at any time since 1980 when the
average was 22.5. The decline in the overall combined car/truck
average is primarily due to the increasing market share of light
trucks which have lower average fuel economy than cars. The
increase in the light-truck share of the market is the most
important trend in the light vehicle fleet over recent years and
one which has yet to level off. Due to the increase in sales of
vans and SUVs (see Figure 2), the estimated light-truck share
of the market has now passed 46%-, more than double what it was in
MPG by Model Year
Sales Fraction by Vehicle Type
35
Average MPG
Percent Truck
30-
25-
20-
15-
1 0
Cars
Percent Truck
100%
80%
60%
40%
. 20%
Sales Fraction
. I . . . . I
I .... I
80%-
60%
40%-
-Car
20%
•SUV
-Van
-Pickup
. , . .
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 1
Figure 2
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Table 1
Fuel Economy Characteristics of
1975 to 2000 Light-Duty Vehicles
MODEL
YEAR
Cars
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
198S
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
Trucks
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
199S
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
8237
9722
11300
11175
10794
9443
8733
7819
8002
10675
10791
11015
10731
10736
10018
8810
8524
8108
8457
8414
9396
7890
8335
79S8
8608
8S33
1987
2612
2823
3273
3088
1863
1821
1914
2300
3345
3669
4350
4134
4559
4435
3805
4049
4064
4754
5572
5749
5254
6108
S477
7276
7381
FRAC
.806
.788
.800
.773
.778
.835
.827
.803
.777
.761
.746
.717
.722
.702
.693
.698
.678
.666
.640
.602
.620
.600
.577
.552
.542
.539
.194
.212
.200
.227
.222
.165
.173
.197
.223
.239
.254
.283
.278
.298
.307
.302
.322
.334
.360
.398
.380
.400
.423
.448
.458
.461
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
13.7
15.2
16.0
17.2
17.7
20.3
21.7
22.3
22.1
22.4
23.0
23 .7
23.9
24.2
23.8
23 .4
23.6
23.1
23.6
23.4
23.6
23.5
23.7
23 .7
23.4
23.3
12.1
12.8
14.0
13.8
13.4
16.5
17.8
18.1
18.3
17.9
18.0
18.8
18.8
18.3
18.1
17.8
18.3
17.8
17.9
17.8
17.5
17.7
17.6
17.7
17.4
.17.5
19
21
22
24
24
29
31
32
32
33
34
35.
35.
36,
36,
36,
36.
36.
37,
36.
37.
37.
37.
37.
37.
37.
16.
16.
18.
17.
16.
21.
23.
24.
25.
24.
24.
25.
26.
26.
25.
25.
26.
26.
26.
26.
25.
26.
26.
26.
25.
26.
.5
.3
.3
.5
.6
.0
.1
.7
.7
.3
.3
.5
.9
.6
.3
.0
.3
.3
.0
.9
.6
.6
,7
.9
,4
.4
2
9
1
5
8
9
9
4
2
8
9
9
5
2
8
9
6
2
5
1
9
5
1
6
.9
0
15
17
18
19
20
23
25
26
25
26
27
27
28
28
28
2"
28
27
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
13
14
-.0
15
14
18
20
20
20
20
20
21
21
21
20
20
21
20
21
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
.8
.5
.3
.9
.3
.5
.1
.0
.9
.3
.0
.9
.1
.6
.1
.8
.0
.6
.2
.1
.3
.3
.4
.5
.2
.1
.7
.4
.6
.2
.7
.6
.1
.5
.9
.5
.6
.4
.6
.2
.9
.7
.3
.8
.0
.8
.5
.8
.6
.9
.4
.5
TON
-MPG
32
35
36
35
35
36
38
40
40
41
42,
42
42.
43.
43.
44,
44,
44 .
45.
45 .
46,
46.
46.
47.
47.
47.
28.
30.
33 .
32 .
32.
36.
38 .
39.
. 39.
39.
39.
40.
40.
40.
41.
41.
42.
42.
42.
43.
43.
44 .
44 .
44 .
44.
45.
.3
.5
.4
.9
.4
.6
.9
.1
.7
.1
.0
.6
.8
.7
.8
.2
.3
.9
.4
.7
.4
.5
.7
.3
,6
.7
4
5
0
4
1
3
8
7
9
3
6
4
5
9
2
8
2
4
9
.1
,2
.3
.9
.9
.7
.5
CU-FT CU-:
-MPG TON-]
2091
2240
2258
2507
2744
2836
2904
2910
2990
3057
3051
3119
3080
3014
3040
3040
3107
3086
3130
J124
3127
3138
3119
3123
4021
3926
3878
3841
4161
4273
4426
4425
4548
4585
4569
4693
4723
4745
4746
4877
4930
4956
5045
5077
5076
5146
5208
5252
-------
Table 1 (Continued)
Fuel Economy Characteristics of
1975 to 2000 Light-Duty Vehicles
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000) FRAC
Both Cars and Trucks
FUEL ECONOMY TON
CITY HWY 55/45 -MPG
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
10224
12334
14123
14448
13882
11306
10554
9732
10302
14020
14460
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
13
14
15
16
16
19
20
21
21
21
21
.4
.6
.6
.3
.5
.6
.9
.3
.2
.2
.5
18
20
21
22
22
27
29
30
30
30
31
.7
.2
.3
.5
.3
.5
.5
.7
.6
.8
.3
15
16
17
18
18
22
24
24
24
24
25
.3
.7
.7
.6
.7
.5
.1
.7
.6
.6
.0
31
34
35
35
34
36
38
40
40
40
41
.6
.4
.7
.1
.7
.6
.9
.0
.5
.7
.4
1986 15365 1.000
1987 14865 1.000
1988 15295 1 ~nr>
1989 14453 l.ooO
1990 12615 1.000
12573 1.000
12172 1.000
1991
1992
1993 13211 1.000
1994 13986 1.000
199= 15145 1.000
1996 13144 1.000
1997 14442 1.000
1998 14445 1.000
1999 15884 1.000
2000 16015 1.000
22.1
22.2
22.1
21.7
21.4
21.6
21.0
21.2
20.8
20.8
20.8
20.6
20.6
20.3
20.2
32.2
32.6
32.7
32.3
32.2
32.5
32.1
32.4
31.7
32.1
32.2
31.8
31.9
31.1
31.1
25.7
25.9
25.9
25.4
25.2
25.4
24.9
25.1
24.6
24.7
24.8
24.5
24.5
24.0
24.0
42.0
42.1
42.9
43.0
43.5
43.6
44.1
44.5
44.7
45.2
45.6
45.9
46.3
46.3
46.7
Estimated Vehicle Lifetime
Fuel Consumption Share
100%.,-
Percent
! CAR
80%
60%
40%
20%
1975 1978 1981 1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1999
Model Year
Figure 3
any year between 1975 and 1983. Vans and SUVs combined account
for nearly 30% of this year's fleet, compared to about 6% in
1975.
The trends in market share, fuel economy, and estimate of
vehicle lifetime travel can be combined to estimate the fraction
of all light-vehicle fuel consumption that, can be attributed to
the four major vehicle types, namely pickup trucks, vans, SUVs,
and cars. The values plotted in Figure 3 represent the fuel-
consumption fraction, by model year and type of vehicle.
Considering the fuel used by both passenger cars and light
trucks as 100%, Figure 3 shows that, on a model year basis, the
estimated share of the vehicle lifetime fuel consumed by light
trucks has exceeded 50% for the past several model years. Note
that this calculation uses the same useful life values that EPA
-------
Table 2
Sales-Weighted Percentile Distribution of Car Mpg
ModeX «
Year
1975 9
1976 10
1977 9
1978 9
1979 9
1980 9
1981 5
1982 9
1983 9
1984 9
1985 9
1986 8,
1987' 8.
1988 8.
1989 8.
1990 10.
1991 10.
1992 10.
1993 10.
1994 12.
1995 10.
1996 12.
1997 12.
1998 12.
1999 12.
2000 11.
Change
Since
1975 1.
Percent
r> 4- • n T n
0%
.8
.1
.7
.4
.2
.2
.0
.9
.9
.9
.9
.7
,7
.7
.7
9
0
0
0
9
3
0
7
8
5
7
9
Change 19%
1%
10.6
12.2
12.4
13.1
14.0
16.3
17.1
18.0
19.1
19.4
20.6
21.5
21.5
21.4
22.2
21.5
21.7
21.6
21.5
21.7
22.1
22.8
22.6
22.7
20.5
21.4
10.8
102%
5%
11.5
13 .2
13.6
14.7
15.4
17.3
18.5
19.3
19.4
19.9
20.8
22.0
21.8
22.6
22.8
22.5
23.0
22.7
22.9
22 ,•
22.8
23.2
23.2
23.1
22.7
23.4
11.9
103%
10%
11.9
13.7
14.5
15.5
16.1
18.6
19.9
19.9
19.9
20.2
21.5
22.9
22.5
22.9
23.1
23.0
23.5
23.5
23.8
23.5
23.3
23.7
24.0
24.4
24.2
24.1
12.2
103%
20%
12.9
14.5
15.9
16.6
17.2
20.2
21.5
21.4
21.0
21.1
22.8
23.9
24.6
25.1
24.7
25.3
25.0
24.6
25.5
24.8
25.8
25.6
25.4
25.7
25.5
26.0
13.1
102%
r^j-^Ciit-J-J-c:
25% 50%
13.1
14.9
16.4
.17.5
17.7
20.6
21.9
22.4
21.6
22.7
23.2
24.2
25.0
26.5
25.8
25.3
•25.3
24.7
25.6
25.6
26.0
25.8
25.6
25.9
26.3
26.3
13.2
101%
15.4
17.1
17.7
19.9
19.9
23.2
25.3
27.5
26.1
26.9
27.1
28.9
28.3
28.9
27.8
27.7
27.8
27.0
27.8
27.6
27.8
27.4
28.1
27.8
27.7
27.5
12.1
79%
UC VCX
75%
19.7
20.3
20.3
23.2
24.0
27.2
29.8
30.5
31.5
31.1
31'.4
. 31.4
32.1
32.3
31.4
31.0
31.4
30.7
31.6
J1.3
31.7
31.5
31.6
31.0
30.5
30.1
10.4
53%
80%
21.0
22.1
22.1
25.0
25.7
28.3
30.8
31.9
33.1
32.1
32.6
32.9
.32.9
33.0
32.4
31.4
32.0
31.4
33.1
32.8
32.8
32.4
32.6
32.6
31.2
31.3
10.3
49%
90%
24.6
26.9
28.4
29.3
29.1
31.4
33.8
34.7
36 .7
35.1
35.1
35.6
35.8
36.3
34.9
34.0
35.3
34.7
35.2
34.5
35.8
35.8
35.4
36.3
35.4
34.9
10.3
42%
95%
27.3
29.0
32.9
33.1
31.2
34.2
36.9
38.3
39.0
38.5
39.3
39.6
37.4
38.7
37.3
37.1
38.0
38.2
38.6
37.1
38.6
38.3
37.1
37.0
36.7
37.2
9.9
36%
99%
32.1
33.2
39.8
38.5
36.4
42.4
44.5
45 .2
43.1
44 .9
45.9
46.6
45.6
45.6
45.4
41.9
44.3
48.1
44.1
44.2
42.2
42.2
41.7
39.4
39.5
39.6
7.5
23%
100%
33
35
44
44
46
47
48
50
53
56
58
67
65
65
61,
65,
65,
65.
65.
65,
59.
54.
54.
53.
52.
76.
43.
.2
.8
.3
.1
.0
.4
.1
.3
.3
.5
.5
.4
.6
.6
.2
.3
.3 •
.3
.3
,8
.2
,8
.4
,6
.6
.3
1
130%
Actual
Average
15.8
17.5
18.3
19.9
20.3
23.5
25.1
26.0
25.9
26.3
27.0
27.9
28.1
28.6
28.1
27.8
28.0
27.6
28.2
28.1
28.3
23 2
28.4
28.5
28.2
28.1
12.3
78%
considers for the Tier 2 Motor \ehicle Emissions Standards,
namely 120,000 miles for both cars and trucks. The calculation
also assumes that the relative city and highway driving fractions
are the same for all vehicle types.
The data in most tables and figures in this report are a
time series of sales-weighted averages of a substantial number of
individual data points. For any given model year, there is also
some interest in the within-year distribution of the data.
Tables 2 and 3 show the mpg distribution data for cars and light
trucks. In Figures 4.and 5, for each model year, the sales-
weighted mpg's at several percentile levels are shown as lines
connecting the vehicles with the lowest fuel economy each year,
the worst and best one percent of.vehicles; and at the 25 and 75
percentile level with the area between the 25 and 75 percentile
level representing half of the cars and trucks built each year.
Percentile lines having constant slope represent percentiles
-------
Table 3 Sales-Weighted Percentile Distribution of Truck Mpg
Model « Percentile Level
Year 0% 1% 5% 10% 20% 25% 50% 75%
80%
90%
95%
> Actual
99% 100% Average
197S
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
9.0
9.1
9.4
9.5
9.4
9.9
11.1
11.9
12.1
11.2
11.3
12.2
11.8
11.7
12.2
11.9
12.4
12.4
12.5
14.7
14.7
14.7
14.4
14.5
14.8
15.0
9.2
10.6
10.5
11.2
9.6
12.5
13.2
13.1
13.1
13.0
13.4
13.9
13.8
14.5
13.8
13.9
14.7
14.9
15.4
15.7
15.6
14.7
16.0
15.8
IS. 6
15.5
10
11
12
12
10
13
14
14
14
14
14
15
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
.5
.4
.1
.2
.8
.4
.7
.3
.2
.2
.6
.9
.3
.4
.4
.0
.5
.7
.7
.6
.6
.7
.7
.5
.2
.2
10.8
11.7
12.7
12.5
11.2
14.2
15.7
15.6
15.9
15.4
16.1
17.0
16.9
16.9
17.1
16.7
17.2
17.1
17.3
17.0
16.8
17.4
17.6
17.2
16.8
17.2
11.3
12.3
13.6
13.0
12.1
15.5
17.4
17 .4
17.5
17.3
16.5
17.8
17.8
18.3
18.0
17.8
18.8
18.2
18.4
18.0
18.0
17.9
18.2
18.1
18.1
18.5
11.5
12.3
13.7
13.1
12.7
15.8
17.9
17.8
18.1
17.7
17.4
18.5
19.0
18.4
18.3
18.5
19.4
18.9
19.0
18.5
18.3
18.4
18.8
18.7
18.6
18.7
13.8
13.9
14.8
14.4
14.4
19.0
19.0
20.1
21.4
21.5
21.9
21.8
21.8
22.0
22.0
21.1
21.8
21.0
21.3
20.7
20.4
21.1
20.5
21.1
20.6
20.5
15
16
18
18
18
22
23
24
25
24
24
25
25
24
23
22
23
23
23
23
23
23
22
23
22
22
.7
.6
.2
.5
.2
.7
.9
.6
.7
.2
.5
.7
.2
.0
.8
.9
.5
.4
.3
.6
.0
.3
.6
.6
.9
.6
18
18
18
19
18
23
25
26
26
25
25
27
26
25
24
24
24
24
23
23
23
23
23
24
23
23
.1
.4
.6
.2
.9
.9
.3
.7
.8
.3
.4
.0
.8
.6
.2
.4
.1
.1
.8
.8
.3
.7
.5
.1
.5
.4
21
20
23
23
22
26
29
28
29
28
27
28
28
27
27
26
27
26
26
27
26
26
25
26
25
25
.0
.2
.0
.0
.6
.0
.4
.5
.4
.4
.9
.1
.1
.7
.0
.8
.5
.7
.3
.5
.3
.8
.9
.8
.3
.0
22.
23 .
25.
26.
24.
27.
, 31.
31.
31.
30.
29.
30.
30.
29,
28.
28.
28.
28
28
28
28
27
28
27
27
27
.2
.0
,4
.1
3
.2
2
.0
.0
.5
,3
,0
,6
.6
.9
.9
.9
.2
.7
.4
.6
.6
.3
.9
.3
.3
22
25
28
28
29
30
36
36
35
34
33
32
33
33
29
29
30
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
.5
.3
.4
.6 ,
.7
.3
.8
.0
.5
.5
.6
.9
.1
.3
.6
.3
.1
.8
.8
.5
.4
.8
.7
.5
.6
.6
24.
27.
32.
32.
30.
45.
42.
43.
45.
42.
42.
42.
42.
33.
33.
33,
33.
33.
33.
33,
33.
31
31
30
31
31
,3
0
2
7
5
0
3
7
1
6
.6
,6
.8
,3
.4
.5
.5
.5
.5
.5
.6
.3
.3
.8
.1
.1
13.7
14.4
15.6
15.2
14 .7
18 .6
20.1
20.5
20.9
20.5
20.6
21.4
21.6
21.2
20.9
20.7
21.3
20.8
21.0
20.8
20.5
20.8
20.6
20.9
20.4
20.5
Change
Since
1975
6.0
Percent
Change 67%
6.3
68%
5.7
54%
6.4
59%
7.2
64%
7.2
63%
6.7
49%
6.9
44%
5.3
4.0
29% 19%
5.1
23%
7.1
32%
6.8
28%
50%
where tnpg has been constant with time, and lines having positive
or negative slope represent percent-iles where fuel economy is
either improving or worsening with time.
On a percentage basis, for cars at the zero percentile,
i.e., for those with the lowest fuel economy, there has been
substantially less fuel economy improvement since 1975 than for
those at the higher percentile levels shown in Table 1. The
fuel economy of cars at the zero percentile level has improved
only 1.9 mpg since 1975, compared to more than 10 mpg for all
percentile levels up to the 90th percentile. In recent years, the
cars with the lowest fuel economy have tended to be relatively
high priced, low sales volume, performance-oriented Two Seaters.
In contrast, the cars with the highest fuel economy each year
have tended to be Subcompacts or Minicompacts with front-wheel
drive, manual transmissions, and relatively high O-to-60
10
-------
Sales Weighted Car MPG Distribution
MPG
80
Sales Weighted Truck MPG Distribution
MPG
80 -
70 -
60
Best
Best1%
'- Worst 1%
Best 1%
Worst 1%
1975
Figure 4
1980
1985 1990
Model Year
1995 2000
1975 1980 1985 19b>,
Model Year
Figure 5
2000
acceleration times. (See Appendix C for a listing and
description of the cars and trucks with the highest and lowest
fuel economy each year.)
The fuel economy difference between the least efficient and
most efficient car increased from less than 25 mpg in 1975 to
nearly 50 mpg a decade later in 1985 and is now, with the
introduction for sale of the Honda Insight gasoline-electric
hybrid vehicle, nearly 65 mpg. Despite this widening of the fuel
economy range, half of the cars built each year remain within
about 4 mpg of the actual model-year average. The Honda Insight,
however, foreshadows what could happen if hybrid vehicles become
widely accepted by the general public.
The overall mpg distribution trend for trucks is very
similar to that for cars, except the fuel economy of the least
efficient truck has increased by about 6 mpg since 1975, and
there is a peak in the efficiency of the most efficient truck in
the early 1980's when small pickup trucks with diesel engines
were being sold. As a result, the fuel economy range between the
most efficient and least efficient truck has narrowed from about
33 mpg in .1983 to about 16 mpg this year. Half of the trucks
built each year since 1991 have been within about 4 mpg of each
year's average fuel economy value.
11
-------
Table 4 gives vehicle size and design characteristics of
light-duty vehicles. Average interior volume of cars has changed
very little since 1977, decreasing from a maximum 110 cubic feet
that year to a minimum of 104 cubic feet in 1980. Since 1992,
interior volume for cars has averaged either 108 or 109 cubic feet.
Between 1975 and 1984 (see Figure 6), average inertia weight for
cars decreased nearl/ a thousand pounds; vehicle performance, as
measured by estimated O-to-60 time, was relatively constant; and
average mpg increased from 15.8 to 26.3.
For the next five years, passenger car inertia weight remained
relatively constant; O-to-60 time decreased by about a second; and
fuel economy reached a peak of 28.6 mpg in 1988, then dropped to
28.1 the next year. With three minor exceptions, passenger car
inertia weight has increased every year since 1987 and is now more
than 350 pounds higher than it was then. Similarly, estimated
0_to-60 time has decreased nearly every year and is now more than
four seconds less than it was in 1981.
Table 4
Vehicle Size and Design Characteristics of 1975 to 2000 Light-Duty Vehicles
MODEL
YEAR
Cars
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
198S
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
<
SALES
(000)
8237
9722
11300
11175
10794
9443
8733
7819
8002
10675
10791
11015
10731
10736
10018
8810
8524
8108
8457
8414
9396
7890
8335
7968
8608
8633
Measured Characteristics
55/45 VOL WGHT 0-60
FRAC
.806
.788
.800
.773
.778
.835
.327
.803
.777
-.761
.746
.717
.722
.702
.693
.698
.678
.666
.640
.602
.620
.600
.577
.552
.542
.539
.MPG
15.8
17.5
18.3
19.9
20.3
23.5
25.1
26.0
25.9
26 3
27.0
27.9
28.1
28.6
28.1
27.8
28.0
27.6
28.2
28.1
28.3
28.3
28.4
28.5
28.2
28.1
C0-FT
110
109
108
104
106
106
108
107
108
107
106
107
107
107
106
108
108
108
108
108
108
108
109
109
LB
4057
4058
3943
3587
3484
3101
3075
3054
3111
3098
3092
3040
3030
3046
3099
3175
3153
3239
3207
3249
3262
3281
3274
3306
3366
3386
HP
136
134
133
124
119
100
99
99
104
106
111
111
112
116
121
129
132
141
138
143
152
154
156
159
165
170
TIME
14.2
14.4
14.0
13.7
13.8
14.3
14.4
14.4
14.0
13.8
13.3
13 .2
13.0
12.8
12.5
12.1
11.8
11.5
11.6
11.4
10.9
10.8
10.7
10.6
10.5
10.3
TOP
SPD
111
110
111
111
110
107
IDS
106
108
109
111
111
112
113
115
117
118
120
120
121
125
125
126
127
128
130
>
HP/
WT
.0331
.0324
.0335
.0342
.0338
.0322
.0320
.0320
.0330
.0339
.0355
.0360
.0365
.0375
.0387
.0401
.0413
.0428
.0425
.0432
.0460
.0464
.0469
.0475
.0483
.0495
< tercel
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL
55 .4
55.4
51.9
44.7
43.7
54.4
.51.5
56.5
53.1
57.4
55.7
59.5
63.5
64.8
58.3
58.6
61.5
56.5
57.2
58.5
57.3
54.3
55.1
49.4
47.8
46.1
MID
23 .3
25.2
24.5
34.4
34.2
34.4
36.4
31.0
31.8
29.4
28.9
27.9
24.3
22.3
28.2
28.7
26.2
27.8
29.5
26.1
28.6
32.0
30.6
39.2
38.7
34.8
LARGE
21.3
19.4
23. E
21.0
22.1
11 3
12 .2
12.5
15.1
13.2
15.4
12.6
12.2
12.8
13.5
12.8
12.3,
15.6
13.3
15.4
14.0
13.6
14.3
11.4
13.5
19.1
nc oy
DESIGNED
DOM
81.6
84.9
82.2 .
80.2
80.4
71.2
71.7
70.4
71.0
75.9
72 .3
68.2
61.6
61.2
61.9
56.8
56.2
58.3
60.4
55.7
58.5
57.8
55.1
55 .1
53.5
49.4
EUR
8 .2
5.4
5.5
" 6.3
5.6
8.4
6.0
6.3
5.5
6.0
6.2
6.6
6.9
6.3
5.5
5.0
4.6
4.1
3.4
4.0
5.4
5.1
6.5
7.9
10.3
13.9
ASIA
10.3
9.7
12.2
13.5
14.0
20.4
22.3
23.3
23 .5
18.1
21.6
25.1
31.5
32.5
32.6
38 .2
39 .2
37.7
36.2
40.3
36 .1
37.0
38.4
37.0
36 .2
36.7
12
-------
Table 4 (Continued)
Vehicle Size and Design Characteristics of 1975 to 2000 Light-Duty Vehicles
MODEL
YEAR
Trucks
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
1987
2612
2823
3273
3088
1863
1821
1914
2300
3345
3669
4350
4134
4559
4435
3805
4049
'4064
4754
5572
5749
• 5254
6108
6477
7276
7381
Both Cars and
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
10224
12334
14123
14448
13882
11306
10554
9732
10302
14020
1446A
15365
14865
15295
14453
12615
12573
12172
13211
13986
15145
13144
14442
14445
15884
16015
ivi<
FRAG
.194
.212
.200
.227
.222
.165
.173
.197
.223
.239
.254
.283
.278
.298
.307
.302
.322
.334
.360
.398
.380
.400
.423
.448
.458
.461
Trucks
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
l.OCO
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
sasurec
55/45
MPG
13.7 '
14.4
15.6
15.2
14.7
18.6
20.1
20.5
20.9
20.5
20.6
21.4
21.6
21.2
20.9
20.7
21.3
20.8
21.0
20 .8
20.5
20.8
20.6
20.9
20.4
20.5
15.3
16.7
17.7
18 .6
18.7
22.5
24.1
24 .7
24.6
24.6
25.0
25.7
25.9
25.9
25.4
25.2
25.4
24.9
25 .1
24.6
24.7
24.8
24.5
24.5
24.0
24.0
i uaaira
WGHT
LB
4072
4154
4135
4151
4251
3868
3805
3805
3763
3782
3795
3737
3712
3841
3921
4005
3948
4055
4073
4129
4184
4224
4344
4282
4356
4432
4060
4079
3981
3715
3655
3227
3201
3201
3257
3261
3271
3237
3220
3283
3351
3426
3409
3512
3518
3600
3612
3658
3726
3744
3819
3868
cuei i
HP
142
141
147
146
138
121
119
120
118
118
124
123
131
141
146
151
150
155
162
166
168
179
187
187
193
200
137
135
136
129
124
104
102
103
107
109
114
114
118
123
129
135
138
145
147
152
158
164
169
172
178
183
SCltJS
0-60
TIME
13.6
13.8
13.3
13.4
14'. 3
14.5
14.6
14.5
14.5
14.7
14.1
14.0
13.3
12.9
12.8
12.6
12.6
12.5
12 .1
12.0
12 .0
11.5
11.4
11.2
11.1
11.0
14.1
14.3
13 .8
13.6
13.9
14.3
14.4
14.4
14.1
14.0
13.5
13.4
13 .1
12.8
12.5
12.2
12.1
11.8
11.8
11.7
11.3
11.1
11.0
10.9
10.8
10.6
TOP
SPD
114
113
115
114
111
108
108
109
108
108
110
110
113
115
116
117
117
118
120
121
121
124
126
126
127
129
112
111
,112
112
110
107
107
107
108
109
110
111
112
114
115
117
118
120
120
121
123
125
126
126
128
129
HP/
WT
.0349
.0340
.0356
.0351
.0325
.0313
.0311
.0317
.0313
.0310
.0326
.0330
.0351
.0366
.0372
.0377
.0379
.0382
• .0398
.0402
.0401
.0423
.0429
.0435
.0442
.0449
.0335
.0328
0339
.0344
.0335
.0320
.0318
.0320
.0327
.0332
.0347
.0351
.0361
.0372
.0382
.0394
.0402
.0413
.0416
.0420
.0438
.0447
.0452
. -457
.0464
. 0473
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
10.9
9.0
11.1
10.9
15.2
28.4
23.2
21.1
16.6
19.5
19.2
23.5
19.9
15.0
13.9
13.4
11.4
10.4
8.8
9.8
8.6
6.5
10.1
8.9
10.8
8.5
46.8
45.6
43.8
37.0
37.3
50.1
46.6
49.6
44.9
48.4
46.5
49.3
51.4
50.0
44.7
44.9
45.3
41.1
39.8
39.1
38.8
35.2
36.1
31.2
30.9
28.7
24.2
20.3
20.3
22.7
19.5
17.6
19.1
31.0
45.9
46.4
48.5
48.5
59.6
57.2
58.9
57.1
67.2
64.0
65.3
62.5
63.5
67.1
52.5
58.7
54.8
52.9
23.5
24.2
23.7
31.7
30.9
31.6
33.4
31.0
34.9
33.4
33 .9
33.7
34 .1
32.7
37.6
37.2
39.4
39.9
42.4
40 .6
41.9
46.0
39.8
48.0
46.1
43 .2
64 .9
70.7
68.5
66.3
65.3
54.0
57.7
47.9
37.6
34.1
32.3
28.0
20.6
27.8
27.2
29.6
21.4
25.6
25.9
27.7
27.9
26.4
37.4
32.4
34.4
38.6
29.8
30.3
32.5
31.2
31.7
18.3
20.0
19.5
20.1
18.2
19.7
17.0
14.5
17.3
17.7
17.8
15.2
19.0
17.8
20 .3
19.3
18.7
24.1
20.8
23.0
28.1
tri^j. i_.dj.iL.
DESIG
DOM
88.7
90.9
88.5
89.1
84.7
69.4
72.0
76.3
78.5
77.6
80.1
70.3
72.3
81.1
81.9
80.3
79.7
82.2
82.6
83.4
80.8
84.7
83 .0
83 .0
78.0
77.2
82.9
86.2
83.5
82.2
81.4
70.9
71.7
71.6
72.7
76.3
74.2
68 .8
64.6
67.1
68.1
63.9
63 .8
66.3
68.4
66.7
67.0
68.6
66.9
67.6
64.7
62 .2
DESIGNED VEHICLE TYPE
PICKUP VAN
SUV
67.6
71.5
71.8
69.3
71.5
77.2
79.1
75.3
70.8
61.1
56.6
58.2
51.9
53.9
50.3
48.2
47.4
45.3
4? 1
46.5
39.5
37.2
39.3
37.3
40.2
36.4
23.0
19.2
18.2
19.1
15.5
13.0
13.5
16.2
16.6
20.2
23.3
24.0
26.9
24.9
28.8
33.2
25.5
30.0
•50 3
25.1
28.9
26.8
20.3
23 .0
21.0
19.9
9.4
9.3
10.0
11.6
13.0
9.8
7.5
8.5
12 .5
18 .7
20.0
17.8
21.1
21.2
20.9
18.6
27.0
24 .7
2~ .6
28.4
31 .6
36.0
40.3
39.8
3 8..8
43 .6
13
-------
40
MPG and Performance
Cars
MPG, 0 to 60 (sec.) Inertia Weight (Ibs.)
5000
MPG and Performance
Vans
MPG, 0 to 60 (sec.) Inertia Weight (Ibs.) 5QQQ
35 .
30
25
20 ,
15 -
,4500
Weight
MPG
0 to 60 Time
_ 4000
.3500
^.3000
.2500
2000
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 6
35-. - R .,,-..-4500
30 - - - ***<*r ... .,„. 4000
25
,-3500
MPG
on '_ . ... ./^. ... - ,- 3000
10 —-—
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 7
2500
.2000
As indicated in Table 4, average inertia weight for trucks
reached a minimum value of 3737 pounds in 1986 and has increased
nearly 700 pounds since then. Between. 1975 and 1984, estimated
O-to-60 time for trucks increased from 13.6 to 14.7 seconds and
has since decreased to 11.0 seconds. For model year 2000, light -
truck fuel economy is nearly 50% higher than it was in 1975, but
most of this increase occurred between 1975 and 1981.
The sales distribution by truck type has changed consider-
ably in recent years. In 1975, pickups accounted for two-thirds
of truck sales compared to slightly over a third this year. .
Currently, about 20% of trucks are vans, but in 1990 nearly a
third were. Since 1975, the relative sales fraction for SUVs has
increased by a factor of more than four,- from less than 10% of
all light trucks in the mid-70's to more than 40% this year.
Figure 7 shows the changes in weight, fuel economy, and
O-to-60 time that have occurred for vans. Their fuel economy
increased by 4.6 mpg between 1975 and 1983, by another 4.2 mpg
between then and 1993, and is currently near the peak value of
22.7 attained in 1998. Average weight for vans reached a peak of
over 4500 pounds in 1979, dropped to a minimum value of slightly
less than 4000 pounds in 1987, and has since increased by over
350 pounds. Zero-to-60 time for vans peaked at 15.3 seconds
14
-------
MPG and Performance
SUVs
40
MPG, 0 to 60 (sec.)
Inertia Weight (Ibs.)
5000
MPG and Performance
Pickups
MPG, 0 to 60 (sec.)
Inertia Weight (Ibs.)
5000
35 * a, 4500
30 ----- W- - ff^- 4000
25-
3500
MPG
3000
2500
2000
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 8
35 - 4500
30 /--- ^f 4000
15 /T- __. -__-_ _ 2500
0 to 60 Time
2000
1970 1975 1980 1985 1£ 1C75 2000
Model Year
Figure 9
in 1981, and they are now about four seconds faster. Many of the
changes in vans can, of course, be attributed to the introduction
and popularity of "Minivans" and the related use of front-wheel
drive. Through 1983, vans were essentially all rear drive. In
1984, van front-wheel drive usage jumped to over 20% and more
than doubled by 1990. Since 1998, more than three-fourths of
vans have used front-wheel drive.
Figure 8 shows similar data for SUVs which accounted for
less than about 5% of all light-duty vehicles each year through
1984 compared to 20% this year. For MY2000, the sales fraction
of SUVs will be higher than the combined sales fraction for vans,
pickups, and SUVs was in 1975. SUV inertia weight peaked at over
4500 pounds in 1979, dropped to a minimum of 3921 pounds in 1986,
and has since increased by over 500 pounds. This increase in SUV
inertia weight has been accompanied by a decrease in O-to-60 time
and relatively constant fuel economy. For the past fifteen
years, SUV fuel economy has averaged within 0.5 mpg of 20.1.
The trend for pickup trucks (Figure 9) has been very similar
to that for SUVs. Their inertia weight reached 4142 pounds in
1978, decreased to about 3500 pounds in the mid-80's, and they
are now nearly 900 pounds heavier. For MY2000, their fuel
15
-------
Estimated Top Speed by Model Year
Ton-MPG by Model Year
Top Speed (MPH)
Ton-MPG
140
o- Car
135 - • Van
A Suv
130 - y= Pickup
,t
Z-A
125 ;.
120 ...
115 -
110
105 -
A |. WV
--..-ai?Qk.----^- --•
100 ._
1970 1975
Figure 10
'"0 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
35
30 -
25.
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990
Model Year
Figure 11
•5 2000
economy will be about 11% lower than the maximum value attained
in 1987. Their average O-to-60 time has decreased almost contin-
uously and is now nearly four seconds faster than it was in 1984.
Figure 10 compares another estimated performance metric: top
speed, which like estimated O-to-60 time is calculated from the
ratio of horsepower to weight. The trends for all four vehicle
types are very similar and are difficult to distinguish. As with
O-to-60 time, estimated top speed for cars, vans, SUVs, and
pickups remained relatively constant for a few years in the late
70's, then dropped slightly during the early 80's, and has since
increased from about 110 MPH in 1984 to 125 to 130 MPH this year.
Because the weight increases that have occurred_in_recent
years have not been accompanied by a substantial reduction in
mpg, light-duty vehicles are getting more efficient at moving
their weight around. Accounting for this in a measure of vehicle
efficiency can be accomplished by looking at ton-mpg which, as
previously mentioned, is defined for the purpose of this paper as
a vehicle's weight in tons times its mpg. Since 1975, cars have
improved in ton-mpg by about 50%, pickups by about 55%, SUVs by
65% and vans by about 75%. Vans and cars now have about the
same ton-mpg, but SUVs and pickup trucks lag behind (see Figure
11) by about five ton-mpg and by about a half dozen years.
16
-------
III. Trends by Vehicle Type and Size Class
Figure 1 and Table 1 show that trucks are expected to
account for over 46% of the light-duty vehicles produced during
model year 2000. In the next series of figures and tables, cars
and light trucks are classified into five vehicle types: cars
(i.e., coupes, sedans, and hatchbacks) station wagons, vans,
sports utility vehicles (SUVs), and pickup trucks; and three
vehicle sizes: small, midsize, and large. Note that vehicles
have not been produced recently for Small Vans and Large Wagons.
Appendix E contains a series of tables describing light-duty
vehicles at the vehicle size/type level of stratification.
Table 5 compares sales fractions by vehicle type and size -
for model years 1975, 1988, and 2000. Since 1975, the largest
increases in sales fraction on this basis have been for midsize
SUVs and midsize vans. These two truck-size classes are expected
to account for over 20% of the vehicles built this year, compared
to a combined total of about 4 and 10% in 1975 and 1988,
respectively. Conversely, the largest sales fraction decrease
has-occurred for small cars which accounted for 40% of all light-
duty vehicles produced in both 1975 and nearly 44% in 1988.
While their sales fraction has consistently remained the largest
of the 15 vehicle sizes and types, it has since decreased to
about 20% and thus is about half what it was in 1975. Midsize
cars have also consistently retained their number two ranking and
for model year 2000 will have a slightly larger (i.e., 3.5%)
sales fraction as in 1978.
An overall decrease has occurred for large cars which
accounted for about 15% of tota". light-duty sales in 1975 when
they ranked third. Between then and 1988, their sales fraction
dropped almost in half but has increased this year back above
10%. Part of this increase can be attributed to design changes
made since last year of the Ford Taurus Sedan. For MY2000, the
interior volume of this relatively popular vehicle increased by
about five cubic feet (from 116.7 to 121.7), moving it from the
Midsize Car Class to the Large Car Class. The MY2000 Taurus's
combined passenger and cargo volume is thus 1.7 cubic feet (i.e.,
1.4%) more than EPA's minimum for the Large Car Class. Since
1997, the sales fraction for Large Cars has ranked fifth and is
now behind Midsize Vans and Midsize SUVs.
17
-------
Table 5
Sales Fractions of MY1975, MY1988, and MY2000
Light-Duty Vehicles by Vehicle Size and Type
Sales Fraction
Change in Sales Fraction
Vehicle
Type Size
Car Small
Midsize
Large
All
Wagon Small
Midsize
Large
All
Van Small
Midsize
Large
All
SUV Small
Midsize
Large
All
Pickup Small
Midsize
Large
All
1975
40.0%
16.0%
15.2%
71.2%
4.7%
2.8%
1.9%
9.4%
0.0%
3.0%
1.5%
4.5%
0.5%
1.2%
0.1%
1.8%
1.6%
0.5%
11.0%
13.1%
1988
43.8%
13.8%
8.5%
66.2%
1.7%
1.9%
0.5%
4.0%
0 .4%
6.2%
0.9%
7.4%
1.9%
4.0%
0 .5%
6.3%
2.2%
6.9%
7.0%
16.1%
2000
24.3%
17.3%
10.3%
51.9%
0.6%
1.4%
0.0%
2.0%
0.0%
7.9%
1.3%
9.2%
2.3%
12.3%
5.5%
20.1%
1.5%
4.2%
11.0%
16.8%
From 1975
To 2000
-15.7%
1.4%
-4. 9%
-19.3%
-4.1%
-1.4%
-1.9%
-7 .4%
0.0
4.9%
-0.2%
4 .7%
1.8%
11.1%
5 .4%
18.3%
0.1%
3.7%
0.0%
From 1975
To 1988
3.9%
-2.1%
-6. 7%
-5.0%
-3.0%
-1.0%
-1.4%
-5.4%
0.3%
3 .2%
-0.6%
2.9%
1.4%
2.8%
0.3%
4.5%
0 .7%
6.4%
From 1988
To 2000
-19.5%
3.5%
1. 8%
-14 .3%
-1.1%
-0 .5%
-0.5%
-2 . 0%
-0 .4%
1.7%
0.4%
1. 8%
0 .6%
8.3%
5 . 0%
13.7%
-0.7«
-2 .7%
4 . 1%
3.8%
3.0%
0 . 7%
All Trucks
19.4%
29.i
46.1%
26.7%
10 .4%
16.3%
Significant sales fraction decreases for station wagons have
also occurred. They now account for only 2% of the vehicles that
will be sold this year vs. more than 9% in 1975. The sales
fraction for pickups, by comparison, has been relatively stable.
18
-------
Table 6
Worst, Average, and Best Fuel Economy
by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle
Type Size
Car
Small
Midsize
Large
All
1975
Worst Avg.
Best
10.1 18.7 33 .2
10.1 13.5 13.6
9.8 13.0 13.1
9. !
15.8 33.2
1988
Worst Avg. Best
8.7 30.5 65 .6
12.4 26.6 32 . 8
11.8 24.2 30.8
8.7 28.7 65 .6
2000
Worst Avg. Best
11.7 30.2 76.3
15.0 27.1 35.5
16.1 25.4 28.1
11.7 28.1 76.3
Wagon
Small
Midsize
Large
All
13.9 22.4 28.2
9.8 13.2 29.4
9.8 11.9 15.1
9.8 16.1 29.4
20.4 31.3 39.5
20.8 26.2 32 . 8
22 .6 22 .8 22 .9
20.4 27.6 39.5
20.5 28.5 37.9
22.9 27.4 33.9
20.5 27.7 37 . 9
Van
Small
Midsize
Large
All
19.1
9.7
10.5
20 .6
13 .3
12.6
21.6
21.5
17.0
9.7 13.1 21.6
18.5 24.5 29.6
13.4 21.8 27.7
11.8 16.9 19.9
11.8 21.2 29.6
18.o 23.4 25 .9
15.0 18.2 19.6
15.0 22.5 25 . 9
SUV
Small
Midsize
Large
All
12.0 16.1 19.2
9.6 12.1 21.5
9.2 12.2 16.0
9.2 13.0 21.5
18 .6 24 .2 33 .3
12.1 19.5 28.1
14.5 16.6 22.1
12 .1 20 .4 33.3
18.9 23.5 31.1
15.4 20.8 27 .5
15.5 17.3 20.8
15.4 20.0 31.1
Pickup Small
Midsize
Large
All
15.2
21.0
9.0
22 .5
21.1
13.1
24 .3
21.1
21.6
9.0 14 . 0 24.3
16.0 25.0 29.2
18.2 25 .3 30.7
11.7 18.0 . 24.8
11.7 21.5 30.7
19.4 23.7 28.7
15.5 22.7 29.6
15.4 18.9 22.8
15.4 20.1 29.6
All
All
All
Cars
Trucks
Vehicles
9.7 15.8 33 .2
9.0 13.7 24.3
9.7 15.3 33.2
8.7 28.6 65.6
11.7 21.2 33.3
8.7 25.9 65.6
11.7 28.1 76.3
15.0 20.5 25.9
11.7 24.0 76.3
Table 6 compares the changes in fuel economy that have
occurred by vehicle size and type for the same model years shown
in Table 5. With two exceptions, average fuel economy for all of
the thirteen vehicle size and type classes that are represented
by MY2000 vehicles.is higher this year than Small Cars were in
1975. For MY2000, however, Large SUVs and Large Vans will
average 17.3 and 18.2 mpg, respectively, compared to 18.7 mpg
that Small Cars attained in 1975.
19
-------
Small, midsize, and large cars have all achieved double-
diqit mpg increases since 1975 with most of this increase (see
Figures 12, 13, and 14) coming by the mid-1980's. Fuel economy
increases since 1975 for the nine truck vehicle size/types have
all been less than 10 mpg with small and midsize pickups on both
a percentage (see Teble 6) and absolute basis achieving the
smallest improvement, namely less than 2 mpg. It should be noted
that for MY2000 large cars get higher fuel economy than all nine
of the truck classes. In addition, five of the truck size/type
classes (midsize vans, small and midsize SUVs, and small and
midsize pickups) get higher average mpg this year, than small,
midsize, and large cars did in 1975. For example, MY2000 midsize
SUVs will average 20.8 mpg in this year, compared to 18.7, iJ.b,
and 13.0 mpg, respectively, for MY1975 small, midsize, and large
cars.
Since 1988, average fuel economy has decreased for five of
the fifteen vehicle types. In addition, average fuel economy for
all cars and trucks and the combined car and truck fleet has
decreased by about 2%, 3%, and 7%, respectively, since tnen. At
the vehicle size and type level of stratification, between 1975
and this year, the rate of fuel economy improvement for the least
fuel efficient vehicles has been significantly less than that for
both the class average and the most efficient vehicle. In fact,
in three cases (Small Cars, Midsize Pickups, and Small Vans), the
fuel economy of the worst vehicles was lower in 1988 than it was
in 1975. A similar decrease also occurred for the worst Midsize
Pickups between 1988 and this year.
With four exceptions (Small Cars, Midsize Wagons, Large
Vans and Large Pickups), the average fuel economy achieved in
••988 was higher than that of the best vehicle in that class in
1975 For example, in 1988, Midsize Cars averaged 26.6 mpg
compared to 13.6 mpg for the best Midsize Car in 1975. The fuel
economy of the best vehicle in each strata for 1988, however, is
always higher than the corresponding average for this year.
Figure 3 shows relative vehicle lifetime fuel consumption
at the vehicle type level of stratification. Table 8 includes
similar data to that in Figure 3, but at the vehicle type and
size level of stratification. As relative sales fractions _
changed and vehicle fuel economy improved, changes in relative
vehicle lifetime fuel consumption have occurred. Since 1975,
this metric has decreased by 26% for the three car classes with
over half of this decrease coming from small cars. Similarly,
relative lifetime fuel consumption for wagons has decreased from
about 9% in 1975 to less than 2% this year.
20
-------
Table 7
Percent Change in Worst, Average, and Best
Fuel Economy by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle
Type Size
Car
Wagon
Van
SUV
Pickup
All
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Cars
Trucks
From 1975 to 2000
Worst Avg. Best
16%
49%
64%
19%
47%
134%
109%
91%
43%
55%
58%
60%
68%
67%
28%
-26%
71%
71%
19%
67%
61%
101%
95%
78%
27%
108%
72%
76%
44%
72%
46%
72%
42%
54%
5%
8%
44%
44%
78%
50%
130%
161%
115%
130%
34%
15%
29%
20%
15%
20%
62%
28%
30%
, 45%
18%
40%
6%
22%
160%
7%
From 1975 to 1988
Worst Avg. Best
-14%
23%
20%
-11%
47%
112%
131%
108%
-3%
38%
12%
22%
55%
26%
58%
32%
5%
-13%
30%
30%
-11%
30%
63%
97%
86%
82%
40%
98%
92%
71%
19%
64%
34%
62%
50%
61%
36%
57%
11%
20%
37%
54%
81%
55%
98%
141%
135%
98%
40%
12%
52%
34%
37%
29%
17%
37%
73%
31%
38%
55%
20%
45%
15%
26%
123%
37%
From 1988 to 2000
Worst Avg. Best
34%
21%
36%
34%
0%
10%
0%
38%
27%
27%
2%
27%
7%
27%
21%
-15%
32%
32%
34%
28%
-1%
1%
5%
-2%
-9%
5%
0%
7%
8%
6%
-3%
7%
4%
-2%
-5%
-10%
5%
-7%
-2%
-3%
16%
8%
-9%
16%
-4%
3%
-4%
-6%
-2%
-13%
-7%
-2%
-6%
-7%
-2%
-4%
-8%
-4%
16%
22%
All
Vehicle
30%
57% 160%
-3%
69% 123%
34%
-7%
16%
21
-------
Table 8 Relative Lifetime Fuel Consumption of MY75, MY88, and
MY2000 Light-Duty Vehicles by Vehicle/Type and Size
Percent of Fuel Consumed
Change From:
Vehicle
Type Size
Car
Wagon
Van
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
1975
Small 32.0%
Midsize 17.2%
Large 17.1%
3.1%
3.1%
2.4%
8.6%
3.9%
2.1%
6.0%
1988
34.9%
12.5%
8.5%
66.3% 55.9%
1.3%
1.7%
0.5%
3.5%
0.4%
8.2%
1.5%
2000
17.5%
13.9%
8.7%
40.1%
0.4%
1.1%
1.6%
•8 .8%
1. 8%
1975
To 2000
-14.5%
-3.4%
-8 .3%
-26.2%
-2
-2
.6%
.0%
10.2% 10.6%
-2 .4%
-7 . 0%
0.0%
4 .9%'
-0.2%
4.6%
1975
To 1988
2 .9%
-4 .7%
-8.6%
-10.4%
-1.8%
-1.4%
-1.8%
-5 .0%
0.4%
4.3%
-0.6%
4. 1%
1988
To 2000
-17.4%
1.4%
0.3%
-15.8%
-0 .8%
-0.6%
-0.5%
-1.9%
-0.4%
0.6%
0.3%
0.5%
SUV
Small
Midsize
Large
All
0.6%
1.8%
0.2%
2.5%
1.9%
5.9%
0.8%
8.6%
2 .2%
15 .4%
8 .2%
25.8%
1.6%
13.6%
8 . 1%
23 .3%
1.3%
4 .2%
0.6%
6.1%
0 .3%
9.4%
7.4%
17 .2%
Pickup Small 1.2%
Midsize 0.5%
Large 14.9%
All
16.6%
2.6%
7.9%
11.2%
21.8%
1.7%
4 . 9%
15.3%
21.8%
0.5%
4.4%
0 .4%
5.3%
1.4%
7.5%
-3 . 6%
5 .2%
-0.9%
-3.1%
4 . 0%
0.1%
All
Trucks
33.7% 44.1% 59.9%
26.2%
10.4%
15 .!
Significant increases in relative lifetime fuel consumption
have occurred for three of the nine truck vehicle size/type
classes: midsize vans, midsize SUVs, and large SUVs. The combined
lifetime fuel consumption for these three classes is up by over
25% since 1975. These three classes now account for nearly a
third of all lifetime fuel consumption compared to about 6% in
1975. Conversely, relative lifetime fuel consumption for large
pickups for MY2000 is about 15%, essentially the same as in 1975.
22
-------
Figures 6 through 9 compare mpg~, inertia weight, and O-to-60
time for cars, vans, SUVs, and pickup trucks. Figures 12 to 31
make similar comparisons by vehicle size and type.
At this level of stratification, the trends observed earlier
for passenger cars for inertia weight, mpg, and O-to-60 tirr-=
repeat. In the late 1970's, increases in mpg for these vehicles
were accompanied by decreases in inertia weight and relatively
constant O-to-60 times. Since then, as shown in Figures 12 to
15, mpg for the small, midsize, and large cars has been
relatively stagnant, decreases iri O-to-60 time have occurred for
all three car sizes, and significant increases in weight have
occurred for small and midsize cars. Inertia weight for large
cars has fluctuated in a narrow range (i.e., 3696 to 3894 pounds)
since dropping'below the 4000-pound mark in 1985. The trends for
wagons (see Figures 16 to 18) are very similar to that for cars.
As indicated in Figure 15, the relative sales fractions of
small, midsize, and large cars have been stable, particularly
since 1980 and also when compared to the sales fractions of other
vehicle types shown in Figures 19, 23, 27, and 31. The impact of
the redesign of the MY2000 Ford Taurus, mentioned above, accounts
for many of the recent changes in the relative sales fraction of
large cars.
As shown in Figure 20, mpg for small vans increased over 25%
between 1975 and 1996, the latest year in which any were built.
During this time their weight remained relatively stable, but
their O-to-60 time dropped seven-seconds. Similarly, fuel
economy for midsize vans (see Figure 21) increased by 8.5 mpg
between 1975 and 1988 but only 1.6 mpg since then. Their inertia
weight increased from 4230 pounds in 1975 to over 4500 pounds in
1979, then dropped to a minimum of 3945 pounds in 1985 but is now
about where it was in 1975. Estimated O-to-60 time for this
vehicle size/type remained at about 14 to 15 seconds through 1986
but has declined about three seconds since then. Large vans show
an increasing trend in inertia weight and are now roughly 1000
pounds heavier than they were in the late 1975's. Their fuel
economy increased from 12.6 mpg in 1975 to 16.8 in 1981 but has
yet to surpass the 19 mpg level (see Figure 22).
As indicated in Figures 24 to 26, small SUV inertia weight
has ranged from a low of about 2800 pounds in 1983 to a high of
almost 3700 pounds this year. Small SUV fuel economy peaked at
28.5 mpg in 1996 when their weight dropped below 2900 pounds.
Their O-to-60 time increased to over 15 seconds in 1985 and has
since dropped almost 25%. From 1975 to 1985, midsize SUV weight
decreased by over 700 pounds, their O-to-60 time remained the
same, and fuel economy increased from about 12 to 20 mpg.
23
-------
40
MPG and Performance
Small Cars
MPG, 0 to 60 (sec.) Inertia Weight (Ibs.) 6QQQ 40
MPG
. . - 5000
4000
-3000
1970 1975 19~" 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 12
2000
MPG and Performance
Midsize Cars
MPG, 0 to 60 (sec.) Inertia Weight (Ibs.)
6000
35 -
30-
._ 5000
WEIGHT
MPG
25 -
15
10- •
O TO 60
1 4000
.3000
5-.
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995
Model Year
Figure 13
-2000
MPG and Performance
Large Cars
40
.WEIGHT
-5000
— 4000
0 ,,_ : *—" =
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 14
-2000
Car Sales Fraction by Vehicle Size
MPG. 0 to 60 (sec.) Inertia Weight (Ibs.) Rnnn 100%
Sales Fraction
^ SMALL .^
'!— MIDSIZED \ I
•j-
~-.r }--*-, /f',; "^-*
' ;if^\';>
*• ^ •• ,
*• -A^J- *~
' f w '-• ^
20%
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 15
24
-------
40 —
MPG and Performance
Small Wagons
MPG, 0 to 60 (=ec.) Inertia Weight (Ibs.)
6000
20 _______ - ____________ ._,-_-_ --- _ _ 4000
0-
1970 1975 1980 "985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 16
3000
.2000
MPG and Performance
Midsize Wagons
MPG, 0 to 60 (sec.) Inertia Weight (Ibs.) „„„
40 * 6000
35-
30 5000
. WEIGHT
MPG
25-
,- 4000
-3000
O TO 60'
5-
0 —
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 17
.2000
MPG and Performance
Large Wagons
MPG, 0 to 60 (sec.) Inertia Weight (Ibs.)
40 , , .. . .—, .—. 6000
5000
Wagon Sales Fraction by Vehicle Size
20 - - -^ -^X — 4000
1970 1975 1980 1985 .1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 18
3000
-2000
100%-,
Sales Fraction
-173 SMALL i
-,j— MIDSIZE!
80%-!^ LARGE
60%-.
40%-
20%
A
*
^ /•
''/ "•
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 19
25
-------
40
MPG and Performance
Small Vans
MPG. 0 to 60 (sec.) Inertia Weight (Ibs.)
6000
40
MPG and Performance
Midsize Vans
MPG, 0 to 60 (sec.) Inertia Weight (Ibs.)
6000
35
5000
4000
— 3000
2000
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 20
30 -....„. ,..„.— 5000
- 4000
•in •,. 3000
5-
0 ' : - 2000
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 21
MPG and Performance
Large Vans
MPG, 0 to 60 (sec.) Inertia Weight (Ibs.)
40 — — bUUU
-5000
Van Sales Fraction by Vehicle Size
10 .. . - - - ,.-V..:.. - ^ 3000
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 22
.2000
100%
Sales Fraction
30%-
60%
40%-
20%
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 23
26
-------
MPG and Performance
Small SUVs
MPG and Performance
Midsize SUVs
ln MPG, 0 to 60 (sec.) Inertia Weight (Ibs.) „„„„
40 6000
35
30 ... — 5000
20 -f^- : 4000
15
10-
5-
Weight
0 —
-3000
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 24
-2000
MPG, 0 to 60 (sec.) Inertia Weight (Ibs.) .
35 -
30 - 5000
25
20 -
MPG
5-
0 —
Weight
-4000
Oto60
* 3000
1970 1975 1980 1985 19r~ 19°* 2000
Model Year
Figure 25
.2000
40
MPG and Performance
Large SUVs
MPG, 0 to 60 (sec.) Inertia Weight (Ibs,)
6000
35:
30 --./-_- 1 5000
20 : ..-_-- ............I 4000
TTT-T-*TTTT OtO 60
10-
0 J. : •
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 26
-3000
-2000
SUV Sales Fraction by Vehicle Size
100%-
Sales Fraction
-.£3 SMALL '
::— MIDSIZE!
30%-'g£ LARGE '
60%-
40%-
20%-
0%
1975 1980
Figure 27
1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
27
-------
40
MPG and Performance
Small Pickups
MPG, 0 to 60 (sec.) Inertia Weight (Ibs.)
6000
10 _ - - -j^-T-- - - - - - ,1^: P - 4 3000
_ 5000
^4000
.2000
1970 1975 19f 1935 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 28
40
MPG and Performance
Midsize Pickups
MPG, 0 to 60 (sec.) Inertia Weight (Ibs.)
15-
10:
0 - .__= " ' = —- "T —
1970 197: 1980 1985 1990 1995 —Ou
Model Year
Figure 29
,™ 5000
— 4000
-13000
,2000
40
MPG and Performance
Large Pickups
MPG, 0 to 60 (sec.) Inertia Weight (Ibs.) eoQQ
35 - - -
30 * . .
25 - • - -
20 , . . -
15 -
10 .
5 „
-5000
^4000
— 2000
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 30
Pickup Sales Fraction by Vehicle Size
Sales Fraction
20%-i^SMALL
^MIDSIZE
LARGE
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 31
28
-------
As shown in Figure 26, fuel economy for large SUVs increased
from 12.2 mpg in 1975 to 18.9 mpg in 1982 when over half of them
had diesel engines. That year, their ton-mpg peaked at 52.7, and
their O-to-60 time exceeded 16 seconds. Large SUV use of diesel
engines then declined rapidly and was an order of magnitude lower
by 1987. Since 1984, fuel economy for large SUVs has remained
relatively stable at about 16 or 17 mpg, but their inertia weight
increased from 4728 pounds in 1975 to 5260 in 1979 and has been
over 5400 pounds the past two years. Large SUV inertia weight
has not been below 5000 pounds in two decades. Figures 13 and 27
show that midsize vehicles have dominated both Vans and SUVs.
The relative market share for large SUVs has increased from about
10% in 1975 to over 25% this year (see Figure 27).
Use of diesel engines also accounts for the relatively high
fuel economy (i.e., about 28 mpg) that small pickups achieved in
1981 and 1982 when over 22% of them had diesel engines, and they
had about a 15-second O-to-60 time. For MY2000, small, pickups
will have an -nertia weight of nearly 3600 pounds compared to
2756 pounds in 1975; their inertia weight has not been below 3000
pounds since 1984. Their fuel economy remains about 16% below
the peak value attained in 1981 (see Figure 28).
As indicated in Figure 29, inertia weight for midsize
pickups remained at about 3000 pounds between 1975 and 1986 but
has been on an upward trend since then and now exceeds 3800
pounds. Their O-to-60 time dropped from over 17 to 18 seconds in
the late 1970's to about 12 seconds in 1994 where it remains. As
a result, their fuel economy remains nearly 25% below the peak
value of 29.5 attained in 1977. Large pickups also show a.trend "•
toward increasing weight, decreasing O-to-60 time, and relatively
constant fuel economy of about 18 to 19 mpg since 1981,'compared
to 13.1 mpg in 1975. For MY2000, large pickups have an average
inertia weight of 4830 pounds, or nearly 600 pounds more than in
1975 (see Figure 30). As indicated in Figure 31, the relative
market share for large pickups has been increasing since the late
1980's.
Figures 32 to 36 compare ton-mpg for small, midsize, and
large cars, wagons, vans, SUVs, and pickups. Small, midsize, and
large cars cannot be readily distinguished by their ton-mpg trend
which has remained in a narrow range that has increased at a
relatively consistent rate. The same can be said of small and
midsize wagons, but large wagons, which have not been produced
since 1996, achieved significantly higher ton-mpg than their
smaller counterparts between 1980 and 1986.
29
-------
Ton-MPG
Ton-MPG
Cars
20 1
1970 1975 1930 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 32
Ton-MPG
Wagons
55
Ton-MPG
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 33
Ton-MPG
Ton-MPG
Vans
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 34
30
-------
Ton-mpg for all three sizes of vans has also improved
consistently, from a nominal 25 to 35 ton-mpg in 1975 to 45 to 50
this year. In 1975, small vans were about 10 ton-mpg higher than
their midsize and large counterparts, but by the mid-1980's, this
difference had narrowed considerably.
Conversely, since 1980, ton-mpg for large SUVs has been
considerably higher than for midsize and small ones. In
particular, between 1981 and 1982, the ton-mpg for large SUVs
increased by 25%, because over half of them used diesel engines.
While large SUV ton-mpg dropped a few years later when diesel
popularity waned, it has remained about five ton-mpg higher than
that for the two smaller SUV sizes.
A similar trend is noticeable for small pickups for 1981 and
1982, when, as previously mentioned, about 20% of them used
diesel engines. Since then, however, small, midsize, and large
pickups have had virtually indistinguishable ton-mpg.
Ton-MPG
SUVs
55
Ton-MPG
50l|
45 .
20
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 35
Ton-MPG
Pickups
55 -
50 --
45 --
Ton-MPG
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 36
31
-------
Table 9 compares technology usage for MY2000 by vehicle type
and size. For this table, the car classes remain separated into
Cars and Station Wagons so that the table stratifies light-duty
vehicles into a total of 15 vehicle types and sizes. Note that
small vans and large wagons are not represented in this table,
because none have been produced since 1996.
Front-wheel drive is used heavily in all of the car and
wagon size classes, and nearly 90% of midsize vans now use it.
By comparison, none of this year's pickups will have front-wheel
drive, and very little use of it is found in large vans or any of
the SUVs. Conversely, four-wheel drive is used heavily in SUVs,
pickups, and wagons, but very little use of it is made in vans
and cars.
Large vehicles make greater use of automatic/lockup
transmissions than their midsize or small counterparts. The
opposite holds for usage of four-valve engines, with small and
midsize vehicles making greater use of this technology than large
ones. Domescic vehicles dominate all the midsize and large
vehicle types except midsize wagons; imports dominate all of the
small vehicles.
Table 9
MY2000 Technology Usage by Vehicle Type and Size
(Percent of Vehicle Type/Strata)
Variable
Front
Wheel
Drive
Four
Wheel
Drive
Vehicle
Size
Small
Midsize
Large
Small
Midsize
Large
Manual Small
Transmission Midsize
Large
Four Valves Small
Per Cylinder Midsize
Large
Vehicle Type
Car Wagon Van SUV Pickup
Domestic
Small
Midsize
Large
85
92
78
2
1
0
26
5
0
61
69
37
42
38
90
60
46
26
52
27
14
85
70
16
27
88
1
24
0
73
99
6.
2
0
69
72
73
45
6
0
60
25
10
21
69
89
0
0
0
36
26
4'2
63
40
8
82
0
5
0
100
95
32
-------
IV. Technology Trends
Vehicle technologies studied in this report include usage of
front-, rear-, and four-wheel drive transmissions and engines.
Appendix D gives data stratified by vehicle type, Appendixes H,
I, and J give additional data stratified by vehicle type, by
transmission type and number of gears, by number of engine
cylinders, and by number of valves per cylinder, respectively.
In Figures 37 to 40, the differences and changes in
drivetrain configuration between cars, vans,. SUVs, and pickup
trucks are apparent. Prior to 1978, less than 10% of cars used
front-wheel drive with almost all of the remainder rear drive.
Since 1988, more than 80% of cars have used front-wheel drive.
Rear-wheel drive accounted for nearly 95% of the 1975 cars; by
1984, its sales fraction dropped below 50%; for the past five
years, it has stayed below 15%. For all of the years shown,
four-wheel drive has been used in only a few percent of the cars.
Drivetrain usage for vans has also changed substantially.
Prior to 1983, virtually all vans used rear drive. Starting with
the introduction of the Chrysler minivans in 1984, front drive
usage in vans increased to above 20% that year, then reached a
nominal 50% in 1993, and has been over 75% for the past three
years. With few exceptions (e.g., 1991) four-wheel drive usage
in vans has remained relatively small, i.e., less than 5%.
Through 1990, 80% or more of the SUVs have used four-wheel
drive, but rear-drive usage in SUVs has since increased from 10
to 15% to over 25%. For the past five years, front drive has
been used in a limited number of imported SUVs. Similarly, front
drive has been rarely used in pickup trucks with the main
exception occurring in the early 1980's. Four-wheel drive usage
in pickups has, however, essentially doubled from about 12 to 20%
in 1975 to ,1977 to about 35 to 40% the past four years.
Two important changes in transmission design have occurred:
the addition of a gear for both automatic and manual trans-
missions and, for the automatics, conversion to lockup (L3, L4,
or L5) torque converter transmissions. Figures 41 to 44 indicate
that the L4 transmission is currently the predominant trans-
mission type for cars, vans, SUVs, and pickup trucks. Where
manual transmissions are used, the 5-speed (M5) transmission now
predominates. The increasing trend in ton-mpg discussed earlier
can be attributed to better vehicle design, including more
efficient engines, better transmission design, and better and
better matching of the engine and transmission.
33
-------
Front, Rear and Four Wheel Drive Usage
Cars
Sales Fraction
100%-j
_--4wd
80% * ^ Front
60%-
40%
20%-
0%=- — —
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 37
Front, Rear and Four Wheel Drive Usage
Vans
100%
Sales Fraction
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 38
Front, Rear and Four Wheel Drive Usage
SUVs
100%
Sales Fraction
> «,- r
' '
80% ' -.1 • '
Front, Rear and Four Wheel Drive Usage
Pickups
100%-,
Sales Fraction
I— 4wd
80%-
60%.
40%
20% sgRear
-; 4wd
0%
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 39
60%.:
40%-,,
20%-
0% —
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 40
34
-------
100%
80%
60% -
Transmission Sales Fraction
Cars
Sales Fraction
40% -.
20% -
1978 1981 1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1999
Model Year
Figure 41
100%
Transmission Sales Fraction
Vans
Sales Fraction
80%-
60%-
40%
20%
1979 1982 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000
Model Year
Figure 42
100%
80%
60%-
Transmission Sales Fraction
SUVs
Sales Fraction
40%-
20%
.1979 1982 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000
Model Year
Figure 43
100%
30%
60%
Transmission Sales Fraction
Pickups
Sales Fraction
40%.
20%
1979 1982 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000
Model Year
Figure 44
35
-------
Manual transmission usage peaked slightly above 30% for cars
in 1980 and has been below 15% since 1996. Vans have not used
manual transmission for five years, compared to a usage rate of
20 to 25% two decades ago. Similarly, manual transmission usage
for SUVs has dropped from above 40% in 1975 to less than 10% the
past three years. Manual transmission usage for pickups peaked
at nearly 60% in 1987 and is now below-25%.
Powertrains are matched to the load better when the engine
operates closer to its best efficiency point more of the time.
For many conventional engines, this point is approximately 2000
RPM and 2/3 of the maximum torque at that speed. One way to make
the engine operate more closely to its best efficiency point is
to increase the number of gears in the transmission and, for
automatic transmissions, using a lockup torque converter.
Figure 45 indicates that, for cars, ton-mpg improves when more
transmission gears are added and lockup torque converters used.
Typically, ton-mpg improves by about 10% with the addition of a
gear and a lockup torque converter. Use of the L5 transmission,
which in caio achieves about the same ton-mpg as the M5 uoes, is
beginning to increase and is approaching 10% of the market.
Car Ton-MPG
By Transmission and Number of Gears
Ton-MPG
oo ——•
35-
30.
25
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 45
36
-------
Table 10 compares the improvement in ton-mpg by transmission
and vehicle type that occurred between 1988, the peak year for
passenger car fuel economy, and this year. For every strata for
which the equivalent vehicle type used the same transmission type
in both years shown in the table, ton-mpg will be higher this
year, than it was in 1988. In addition, usage of L5
transmissions has been increasing in recent years, particularly
for cars and SUVs. For model year 2000, cars and SUVs equipped
with L5 transmissions will achieve about the same ton-mpg as
their MS-equipped counterparts. Similarly, for all four vehicle
types, MY2000 vehicles with L4 transmissions achieve the same or
better ton-mpg this year than any of the corresponding vehicles
did in 1988.
Table 10 Improvement in Ton-mpg by Transmission and Vehicle Type
Trans
M3
M4
M5
Car
2000 1988
49
44
45
Van
2000 1988
40
45
SUV
2000 1988
43
40
45
39
Pickup
2000 1988
46
40
39
42
A3
A4
42
45
40
40
41
35
35
39
38
39
L3
L4
L5
45
48
48'
43
45
48
49
44
43
38
45
45
40
40
45
40
37
40
Figures 46 to 49 compare the trends since 1975 for
horsepower (HP), displacement (CID), and specific power or
horsepower per cubic inch (HP/CID) for passenger cars, vans,
SUVs, and pickups. In all four cases, significant CID reductions
occurred in the late 1970's and early 1980's. Since 1985,
however, engine displacement has continued to decrease for cars
and vans, but not for SUVs and pickups. For all four vehicle
types, average horsepower has increased substantially (i.e., 40
to 80%) since 1981. Light-duty vehicle engines, thus, have also
improved in HP/CID, with engines used in passenger cars improving
at a faster rate than truck engines. In fact, for the past two
years, car engines have averaged at least 1.0 HP/CID, compared to
0.85, 0.79, and 0.84, respectively, for vans, SUVs, and pickups
this year.
37
-------
Car Horsepower, CID
and Horsepower per CID
350
300
250
200
150
100.
50
HP, CID
CID
HP/CID
HP/CID
1.1
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Van Horsepower, CID
and Horsepower per CID
350
HP, CID
HP/CID
100-
50-
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
-__ 0.4
Figure 46
Figure 47
SUV Horsepower, CID
and Horsepower per CID
350
300
HP, CID
HP/CID
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Pickup Horsepower, CID
and Horsepower per CID
350
300
250-
200-
HP, CID
HP/CID
150 - .
100-
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 48
Figure 49
38
-------
As shown in Table 11, for model year_2000 depending on the
vehicle type, truck engines average about 10 to 20% more
horsepower but require 33 to 60% greater displacement, compared
to the average passenger car engine because of the differences in
specific power.
Table 11 MY2000 Engine Characteristics by Vehicle Type
Vehicle
Type
Car
Van
SUV
Pickup
HP
169
185
200
207
CID
167
222
245
265
HP/
CID
1.03
.85
.84
.79
Percent
4 Valve
60%
20%
25%
11%
Figures 50 to 53 show cubic-inch displacement (CID) by
number of cylinders for cars, vans, SUVs, and pickup trucks. For
all four vehicle types, displacement of eight-cylinder engines
decreased in the late 1970's. For example, eight-cylinder car
engine CID decreased about 20% between 1975 and 1985 i e from
376 to 296 CID. Similarly, six-cylinder car engines'decreased
from 225 CID in 1975 to 200 in 1986 and 192 this year
Conversely, four-cylinder passenger engine displacement increased
from 112 CID in 1975 to 120 CID in 1985 and to. 124 CID this year
The trend in CID for four- and six-cylinder engines used in vans"
is very similar to that for cars. In both cases, CID for six-
cylinder engines has decreased while that for four-cylinder
engines has increased from a nominal 110 CID to about 125 CID.
The CID trend for six-cylinder engines used in SUVs and
pickups shows a significant decrease in the early 1980's when
comparatively small (i.e., 3-liter) V-6 engines achieved a
relatively high sales fraction. Since then, CID for six-cylinder
engines used in both vehicle types has increased but is still
below what it was in the late 1970's. Four-cylinder engines used
in pickups show an increasing trend in CID similar to that for
cars.
Figures 54 to 57 indicate that horsepower has increased
substantially for four-, six-, and eight-cylinder engines for all
four vehicle types. As shown in Table 12, eight-cylinder car
39
-------
Displacement by Number of Cylinders
Cars
400
350 .
300 „
250 -
200 .
150 ~
100 -
Displacement (CID)
Eight
Four i
.«•«•*•
50
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 50
Displacement by Number of Cylinders
Vans
400
Displacement (CID)
350 -
. Eight
300 1
50
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 ^95 2000
Model Year
Figure 51
Displacement by Number of Cylinders
SUVs
400
Displacement (CID)
350
Eight'
300 _
250
100 -
50 -..—
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 52
Displacement by Number of Cylinders
Pickups
400-
Displacement (CID)
350
300-
; Eight
100-
Four
50
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 53
40
-------
300
Horsepower by Number of Cylinders
Cars
Horsepower
300
Horsepower by Number of Cylinders
Vans
Horsepower
250.
200
150 _
100-
50-
0 _
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 54
250-
200-
150
Four
50-
_-» " •-* -
-""
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 55
300
Horsepower by Number of Cylinders
SUVs
Horsepower
300
Horsepower by Number of Cylinders
Pickups
Horsepower
250
200
150
-o-o-
,»««»»« Six
»'
100 ^^l^^S"***"-'
Four
50-
250 .-
200 - -.
150 1 -
50 _
-00-0'
S >-»*'* *.*—
r ^li.,.*-" -
0 . , -
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 56
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figures?
41
-------
engines, for example, now attain 253 HP, compared to 164 HP in
1988. This represents an increase of over 50%. For all vehicle
types, four-cylinder engines have higher horsepower this year
than the equivalent six-cylinder engines did through the 1980's.
Similarly, in all four cases, this year's six-cylinder engines
have higher horsepower than comparable eight-cylinder engines
through the late 1980's.
Table 12 compares CID, HP, and HP/CID by vehicle type and
number of cylinders for model years 1988 and 2000. Since 1988,
changes in engine size have been relatively small for all strata
shown in the table, particularly when compared to the changes in
horsepower that have taken place with specific power improvements
related to the use of port fuel injection and multivalve engines
accounting for the difference. Four-cylinder engines used in
cars, vans, and SUVs have exceeded the' one HP per CID level for
several years, but the same cannot be said of pickup trucks.
At the number-of-cylinders level of stratification, model
year 2000 cars achieve higher specific power than SUVs, vans, and
pickup trucks with one minor exception: four-cylinder SUVs.
Similarly, this year's pickup truck engines achieve lower
specific power than their counterparts used in vans, SUVs, and
cars.
Table 12 Improvement in Horsepower and Specific Power
by Vehicle Type and Number of Cylinders
Vehicle
Type Cyl.
Car
Van
SUV
4
6
8
4
6
8
4
6
8
Pickup 4
6
8
CID CID Percent
1988 2000 Change
118 124 5%
193 192 -1%
301 280 -7%
145 148 2%
213 214 0%
322 325 1%
122
211
338
142
229
329
130 7%
233 10%
313 -7%
144 1%
231 1%
316 -4%
HP HP Percent HP/CID HP/CID Percent
1988 2000 Change 1988 2000 Change
95 132 39%
142 192 35%
164 253 54%
98 150 53%
149 181 21%
168 240 43%
.805 1.071 33%
.744 1.018 37%
.544 .907 67%
.678 1.014 50%
.722 .856 19%
.520 .742 43%
94
147
183
97
142
180
138 47%
188 28%
244 33%
128 32%
177 25%
244 36%
.773 1.073
.706 .819
.541 .783
.685 .894
.644 .772
.544 .775
39%
16%
45%
31%
20%
42%
42
-------
Figures 58 to 61 compare sales fractions by four-, six- and
eight-cylinder engines for cars, vans, SUVs, and pickup trucks.
For purposes of this analysis, two-, three-, five-, ten-, and
twelve-cylinder car engines are combined into a category labeled
'other ' Even on a combined basis, these 'other' engines have
accounted for a very small percentage of the vehicles built ~ach
year since 1975.
The sales fraction for eight-cylinder engines has dropped
for cars from nearly 60% in 1975, to about 20% in 1981, to about
the 10% level in 1990 where it has remained. During the mid-
1980 's, similar decreases in eight-cylinder engine usage occurred
for van, SUV, and pickup truck engines. Since then, eight-
cylinder engine usage in vans continued to decrease, but
increases have occurred for SUVs and pickups which have increased
their usage of eight-cylinder engines from about 20% in 1987 to
over 50% this year. In addition, four-cylinder engine usage in
vans peaked at about 40% in 1985 but has dropped substantially
since then.
The sales fraction of six-cylinder car engines remained
within a relatively narrow range (i.e., about 18, plus or minus
2%) between 1975 and 1979. Since then, their sales fraction has
more than doubled and is projected to be above 40% this year.
From 1975 to 1992, a similar trend occurred for usage of six-
cylinder engines in all three types of truck engines. Since
then however, usage of these engines has continued to increase
for vans, but it has decreased for SUVs and pickups. Six-cylinder
engines currently account for about a third, half, and a fourth,
respectively, of this year's vans, SUVs, and pickups.
Passenger car engines have high values of HP-per CID,
because not only is HP per CID improving, but also the fraction
of higher specific-power engines is increasing. Figures 62 to 65
show HP/CID for engines with 2-, 3-, and 4-valve-per-cylinder
cylinder-head configurations for cars, vans, SUVs, and pickups.
Figures 66 to 69 show the market share by number of valves per
cylinder by vehicle type.
The use of four valves per cylinder in passenger car engines
grew rapidly between 1987 and 1995, but its rate of growth has
been much slower since then. The market share of 4-valve-per-
cylinder passenger car engines has been at about the 60%' mark for
the past three years. The introduction and use of four-valve
engines for SUVs, vans, and pickup trucks has trailed that of
cars in that order. Almost 90% of all pickup truck engines still
have two valves per cylinder, as do about 80% of the vans and
of the SUVs compared to 35% of.the cars.
43
-------
Sales Fraction by Number of Cylinders
Cars
Sales Fraction
100%,.
80% v.
60%.
40%.!
20%.
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Sales Fraction by Number of Cylinders
Vans
100% -
Sales Fraction
80% -
60%
40%
20%
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 58
Figure 59
Sales Fraction by Number of Cylinders
SUVs
100% -y
Sales Fraction
80% .
60% -
40% ..
20% .
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Sales Fraction by Number of Cylinders
Pickups
100%
Sales Fraction
80% -
60% -
40%
20%
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 60
Figure 61
44
-------
HP/CID by Number of Valves Per Cylinder HP/CID by Number of Valves Per Cylinder
Cars Vans
HP/CID
4-Valve
1.0 -
0.8
1.2
1.0
0.8 -.
HP/CID
0.6 _
2-Valve
0.4
1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000
Model Year
Figure 62
0.4-
1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000
Model Year
Figure 63
HP/CID by Number of Valves Per Cylinder
SUVs
HP/CID
1.2
1.0 -
0.8
3-Valve-
HP/CID by Number of Valves Per Cylinder
Pickups
1.2
HP/CID
1.0 _
4-Valve
3-Valve
0.8
0.4
1984 1986 1388 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000
Model Year '
Figure 64
0.4 .
1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000
Model Year
Figure 65
45
-------
100%
Number of Valves per Cylinder
Cars
Sales Fraction
- Two Valves
Three Valves
80% m Pour Valves
Five Valves
60%-
40%
20%
0%J
1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000
Model Year
Figure 66
100%
Number of Valves per Cylinder
Vans
Sales Fraction
; I'm Two Valves
•^ <- \5
i \ — Three Valves t ^_
80% 4 i^ Four Valves -V
60%
40%
1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000
Model Year
Figure 67
100%
Number of Valves per Cylinder
SUVs
Sales Fraction
-3Two Valves
' -Three Valves •
80% ~ ES Four Valves
60% vv
40%
20%^
0% —
1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000
Model Year
Figure 68
100%-
Number of Valves per Cylinder
Pickups
Sales Fraction
'1 zjTwo Valves '.
—Three Valves 4
80% - .1 m Four Valves
40%-
1986 1988 *1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000
Model Year
Figure 69
46
-------
Figure 70 compares penetration rates for five passenger car
technologies, namely port fuel injection (Port FI), front-wheel
drive (FWD), four valves per cylinder (4-Valve) and four- and
five-speed lockup transmissions (L4 and L5). This figure
indicates that it may take a decade for a technology to prove
itself and attain a sales fraction of 40 to 50% and as long =>s
another five or ten years to.reach maximum market penetration.
With the recent introduction of the L5 transmission type, the
sales fraction of L4 transmissions appears to have reached its
maximum and started a declining trend.
A similar comparison of three technologies whose sales
fraction peaked out at about 40% or less is shown in Figure 71.
This figure shows that it may also take a number of years for
technologies such as 3-valve-per-cylinder engines (3-valve)
throttle body fuel injection (TBI), and lockup 3-speed (L3)
transmissions to reach their maximum sales fraction, and even
then use of these technologies may continue for a decade or
longer.
Car Technology Penetration Car Technology Penetration
Years After First Significant Use Years After First Significant Use
1mw SalesFraction .,., 1(?0% sales Fraction
POrtlV' FWD
80% _ ,T T T ,T 80%.-
Ji * * •
T „'• L4 Trans -
60%_ iT og-0 _ 60% _
AT0/3°y
•
^T «\ 4-Valve
40%,- ,* 0 - . 40%-
a~ . - - • "A
20% _•-« - 20%-
- - - -.
. 3-Valve TBI » L3 Trans
* """"""
0% _L___ ______ . __ „__ _ _ Q%
0 5 10 15 20 25 05 10 15 20 25
Years Years
Figure 70 Figure 71
47
-------
V. Trends by Market Segment
Figures 72 and 73 show that domestic trucks and Asian cars
have achieved the largest growth in both sales and sales fraction
since 1975 with much of this growth coming at the expense of
domestic cars. Sine- 1975, the market share of domestic cars
dropped by nearly 40%. In 1975, roughly two-thirds of all light-
duty vehicles were domestic cars, compared to only a fourth this
year. Half (see Table 13) of the decrease in domestic car sales
fraction occurred between 1975 and 1988. For MY2000, the market
shares of domestic trucks (i.e., vans, SUVs, and pickups
combined) and also imported cars will both exceed that of
domestic cars.
Table 13 Sales Fraction of 1975, 1998, and 2000 Light-Duty Vehicles
by Market Segment
Market Segment
Domestic Car
European Car
Asian Car
All Cars
Sales (000)
1975 1988 2000
6718 6574 4263
673 675 1204
846 3487 3166
8237 10736 8633
Market Share Change From:
Market Share 1975 1^75 1988
1975 1988 2000 To 2000 To 1988 To 2000
.657 .430 .266 -.331 -.227 -.164
.066 .044 .075 .009 -.022 -031
.083 .228 .198 .115 .145 -.030
.806 .702 .539 -.267 -.104 -.163
Domestic Van
Imported Van
All Vans
455 1077 1128
2 55 342
457 1132 1470
,045 .070 .070 ' .026 .026 .000
.000 .004 .021 .021 -003 .018
.045 .074 .092 .047 .029 -018
Domestic SUV
Imported SUV
All SUVs
181 729 2209 .018 .048 .138 .120 .030
6 239 1012 .001 .016 .063 .063 .015
187 968 3221 .018 .063 .201 .183 .045
.090
. 048
.138
Domestic Pickup
Imported Pickup
All Pickups
1126 1889 2358
216 569 331
1342 2458 2689
All Domestic Trucks 1762 3695 5695
All Imported Trucks 224 863 1685
All Trucks
1986 4558 7380
.110
.021
.131
.172
.022
.194
.124
.037
.147
. 021
.161 .168
.242
.056
.356
.105
.298 .461
.037
. 000
.037
.183
.083
.267
.013
.016
.029
.069
.035
.104
. 024
. 017
.007
. 114
.049
.163
All Cars & Trucks 10223 15294 16013
48
-------
Sales Fraction by Vehicle Type
Cars and Light Trucks
Sales Fraction by Vehicle Type
Cars and Light Trucks
100%.
80%
60%
40%-.
20%-
Sales Fraction
Imported
Trucks
European
Cars
Sales Fraction (Thousands)
T 8 •
Domestic
Cars
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 72
Imported
/ Trucks
European
"Cars
Asian
Cars
1980
1985 1990
Model Year
1995 2000
Figure 73
Figure 74 compares the relative sales fractions of domestic
pickups, vans, SUVs, and cars. From 1975 to 1981, cars accounted for
about 75 to 80% of the domestic vehicles, but their relative market
share has been below 50% for the past four years. Vans, which
accounted for about 5% of the domestic vehicles in 1975, reached a.
peak relative market share of al out 14% in 1995 and have dropped
slightly since then. The relative market share for domestic pickups
has increased from about 13% in 1975 to nearly 25% the past two years,
SUVs have experienced the largest increase in market share among
domestic vehicles, and their sales fraction is now ten times what it
was in 1975.
Conversely, Figure 75 shows that cars still account for nearly
three-fourths of this year's imported vehicles compared to nearly 90%
of 1975's. The relative sales fraction for imported pickups has
decreased by over half from about 12% in 1975 to about 5% this year,
while imported vans and SUVs have increased their relative sale
fractions from a minuscule amount in 1975 to about 6% and 17%,
respectively, this year.
49
-------
Sales Fraction by Vehicle Type:
Domestic Vehicles
Sales Fraction by Vehicle Type:
Imported Vehicles
100%
Sales Fraction
100%
Sales Fraction
80%
60%
40%
20%
-Car
-SUV
-Van
• Pickup
80%
60%-
40%-
20%-
-Car
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 74
Figure 75
Figure 76 compares average mpg for domestic, European, and Asian
cars. Similar data for domestic and imported vans, SUVs, and pickup
trucks is shown in Figures 77 to 79. Asian cars have always had
higher mpg than their domestic counterparts. Through 1985, European
cars had higher mpg than domestic ones. Since 1986, however,
domestics have achieved higher mpg than European cars. Average car
mpg for all three of these car seg-nents has changed very little since
1990, particularly when compared to che changes which occurred in the
late 1970's and early 1980's. For example, Table 14 shows domestic
car mpg increased over 12 mpg between 1975 and 1988 but has stayed
between 26.6 and 27.4 mpg since then.
Fuel economy of European cars increased by 6 mpg between 1975 and
1981 when over a third of them had diesel engines and over two-thirds
used manual transmissions. By 1988, European car use of diesel
engines had dropped below 1%, and their manual transmission usage
decreased by over 25%. Since 1988, European car fuel economy has
ranged from 24.6 to 26.7 mpg. Asian cars have always had higher fuel
economy than their domestic and European counterparts. Their fuel
economy peaked at 32.9 mpg in 1986 and has remained at about 30 mpg
since 1990.
50
-------
Car MPG
Van MPG
35
MPG
30 .-
35-
MPG
••Imported
o-Domestic
30-
25
20
A A.
_,*».
15 ^ .. -A-Asian j
•e-Domestic1
-»-European-
10 .
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
ModelYear
Figure 76
25
20-
15-
10 : ; :—:
1970 1975 1980 1985 '""I 19S5 2000
Model Year
Figure 77
SUV MPG
Pickup MPG
35
MPG
•-Imported
o-Domestic
so 17 !
25 -
35
MPG
• -•- Imported
o-Domestic
;o.
-V.
.. •
25 --.- -
20
15
P. ,
20 r -
P'
3
15-.
10 :
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 78
10 _ _,
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 79
51
-------
Table 14
Market Segment
Domestic Car
European Car
Asian Car
All' Cars
Fuel Economy of MY1975, MY1988, and MY2000
Light-Duty Vehicles by Market Segment
Average Mpg
197s 1988 2000
14.7
23.0
23 .4
15.8
27.1
25.5
32.7
28.6
27.3
26.5
29.9
28.1
Percent Change From:
1975 1975 1988
To 2000 To 1988 To 2000
85.7%
15.2%
27.8%
77. 8%
84 .4%
10.9%
39.7%
81.0%
0.7%
3 . 9%
-8.6%
-1.7%
Domestic Van
Imported Van
All Vans
13:1
20.6
13.1
21.0
24.5
21.2
22.2
23.6
22.5
69.5%
14.6%
61.8%
18 . 9%
71.8% 61.8%
10.5%
-3 .7%
6.1%
Domestic SUV
imported SUV
All SUVs
13.0
12.0
13.0
19.7
22.9
20.4
19.1
22 .2
20 .0
46.9%
85 . 0%
53.8%
51.5% -3.0%
90 .8% -3 . j.«
56.9%
-2 .0%
Domestic Pickup
Imported Pickup
All Pickups
Domestic Truck
Imported Truck
All
Trucks
13.1
22.1
14.0
13.1
21.6
13.7
20.5
25.5
21.5
20.5
24 .7
21.2
19.8
22.3
20.1
19.9
22.5
20.5
51.1%
.9%
43.6%
51.9%
4.2%
49.6%
•56.5%
15.4%
53.6%
56.5%
14.4%
54 .7%
-3.4%
-12.5%
-6.5%
-2.9%
-8.9%
-3.3%
All Cars & Trucks 15.3 25.9 24.0
56.9% 69.3% -7.3%
*
The fuel economy trends for domestic vans, SUVs, and pickups
are similar to that for domestic cars with fuel economy for all
three of these market segments improving by 50 to 60% between
1975 and 1988 and changing relatively little since then. Since
1988, domestic vans have ranged from 21.0 to 22.7 mpg, domestxc
SUVs from 19.0 to 20.2 mpg, and domestic pickups from 19.6 to
20 9 mpg Domestic vans, SUVs, and pickups have always had lower
fuel economy than their imported counterparts. Imported vans,
SUVs, and pickups all increased their fuel economy between 1975
and the mid 1980's but are lower now than they were then.
52
-------
Car and Light Truck MPG
Car Interior Volume
35
EPA Volume (cu. ft.)
•-Imported
o- Domestic
30 ...
25 .
20 -
15
120 ...
110 -
100
90
10
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 80
80
Domestic
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 81
Large
Midsize
Compact
Subcompact
Minicompact
As shown in Figure 80, the gap between imported and domestic
combined car and truck mpg has remained at about 5. or 6 mpg,
compared to a much larger difference in 1974. On a combined car
and truck basis, fuel economy for both domestic and imported
vehicles has been declining since the mid-1980's.
Figure, 81 compares interior volume for domestic, European,
and Asian cars. Through 1980, interior volume for European cars
remained below 90 cu. ft.; between then and 1989, it increased
over 16% to about 105 cu. ft. where it has essentially remained.
Asian cars, with just a couple of minor exceptions, have
increased their interior volume every year since 1978. By
comparison, domestic car interior volume has been relatively
stable, as has the overall average for all passenger cars.
Vehicle performance, as measured by estimated O-to-60
acceleration time, has changed at remarkably consistent rates for
domestic, European, and Asian cars.and also for both domestic and
imported vans, pickups, and SUVs (see Figures 82 to 85). There
is one exception: through 1983, imported vans had O-to-60 times
above 20 seconds compared to a nominal 15 seconds for the other
vehicle types. This exception can be considered minor because a
combined total of less than 75,000 imported vans were sold for
all years between 1975 and 1983.
53
-------
Car 0 to 60 Time
Van 0 to 60 Time
25
0 To 60 Time (Sec)
20
15 .
Q, Domestic
^European
« Asian
10 . .
25-
0 To 60 Time (Sec)
e- Domestic
-•-Imported
15 _
10 _
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 82
•1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 83
SUV 0 to 60 Time
Pickup 0 to 60 Time
25
0 To 60 Time (Sec)
«• Domestic -
-.-Imported
20
25
0 To 60 Time (Sec)
e Domestic
-•-Imported
20 -
15
10
15 -
10.
5 »__ —
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 84
5 »_ r~. ..-.. -'
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 85
54
-------
Car Inertia Weight
Van Inertia Weight
5000
Weight (Pounds)
4500 -
4000.
e- Domestic'
*. European >
.Asian
5000
Weight (Pounds)
4500-
ocoe a
4000 -
^
?°-0-00-°-
2500-
* A A ' *
»«.'*„* ^-'r .
2000-
3500 .,.,._„----- X-- -j^-*-^-
" ®GOO A
3000 _ .. - -
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 86
3000 ----
2500 -
-e Domestic
•-Imported
2000
1970 1975 1980 1985 'DO' "1395 2uOO
Model Year
Figure 87
SUV Inertia Weight
PicKup Inertia Weight
5000
Weight (Pounds)
5000
Weight (Pounds)
4500 .-
4000 ~
3500-
A500
4000 - •
3500-
O
... P-
V
3000 -
2500- -
2000
e- Domestic
•-Imported
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 88
3000 -
2500-
.©-Domestic
.•-Imported
2000
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 89
55
-------
Figures 86 to 89 and Table 15 compare inertia weight for the
same market segments as the preceding figures. Inertia weight
for domestic, European, and Asian cars has now converged. In
1975, domestic cars were more that 1800 pounds lighter than Asian
ones. Inertia weight for domestic cars dropped over a thousand
pounds between 1975 ^nd 1984 but has increased by about 200
pounds since then. Conversely, inertia weight of European cars
increased'by over 350 pounds (i.e., from about 2700 to 3070
pounds) between 1975 and 1985 and by about another 500 pounds
since then. Inertia weight for Asian cars remained at a nominal
2500 pounds through the early 1980's but has since increased to
over 3200 pounds.
Inertia weight for domestic vans has remained between a
nominal 4100 to 4400 pounds, but inertia weight for imported vans
which once were nearly 700 to 800 pounds lighter than domestic
vans has increased, so that the two segments differ in inertia
weight by less than 200 pounds. Domestic and imported SUVs and
oickups all ^ave increased their inertia weight, particularly
since the mid 1980's, but the domestics continue to be 500 to 600
pounds heavier than their imported counterparts.
The trend toward increasing ton-mpg, discussed earlier,
persists for all of the market segments shown in Figures 90 to
93. Domestic, European, and Asian cars not only have had similar
ton-mpg trends but also the same approximate ton-mpg values over
a relatively long period of time. The same observations apply to
domestic and imported vans, SUVs, and pickups.
Table 15
Inertia Weight of Light-Duty Vehicles
by Market Segment for Six Model Years
Market Segment
Domestic Car
European Car
Asian Car
Domestic Van
Imported Van
Domestic SUV
Imported SUV
Domestic Pickup
Imported Pickup
Model Year
1975
4380
2704
2575
4189
3498
4209
4000
4241
2819
1980
3341
2574
2482
4404
3618
4277
2760
4312
2817
1985
3246
3070
2585
4061
3270
4055
3468
3870
3067
1990
3359
3360
2879
4113
3826
4189
3744
4150
3228
1995
3368
3605
3041
4138
3932
4353
4008
4327
3415
2000
3466
3541
3221
4366
4192
4619
4099
4540
3915
56
-------
Car Ton-MPG
Van Ton-MPG
50 -
Ton-MPG
e- Domestic
A. European
» Asian
'^
ȣrf?*"1.. -
50
Ton-MPG
45.
o Domestic
•-Imported
«p
0'"
40
35 -
30
25
20
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 90
20
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 91
SUV Ton-MPG
Pickup Ton-MPG
50
45.
Ton-MPG
-o- Domestic
•-Imported
35
30
Ton-MPG
.3. Domestic
• Imported
40-
35 -
30
•-• a
-.- " /'
25 ...
25-
20
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 92
20
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 93
57
-------
Car Specific Power
Van Specific Power
1.2
HP/CID
1.2
HP/CID
A European
»- Asian
•> Domestic
. ••-Imported
- -e- Domestic -
1.0
,1.0 =-
.„...-..;fv.
0.6 .
0.4 —
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 94
0.8
0.6
,"
aO-aO*
- jar
-tf
.0
. 0.4 ^ .
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 95
SUV Specific Power
Pickup Specific Power
HP/CID
• Imported
o Domestic
1.0
1.2
HP/CID
••-Imported
_ & Domestic
1.0-
0.8
o00oo
0.6
0.8
..^••:
mm-
0.6
0.4 .
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 96
0.4-
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 97
58
-------
The trend toward higher specific power (HP/CID), also
discussed earlier, persists for the market segments shown in
Figures 94 to 97. The improvement of specific power for domestic
vehicles has always trailed that of their import counterparts by
about a decade. European and Asian cars now achieve more than 1.1
HP/CID compared to .94 for the domestics. Similarly, impor^d
SUVs will achieve more than 1.0 HP/CID this year compared to less
than 0.8 for the domestics. Imported vans currently have higher
specific power than domestic cars, but specific power for .•
domestic cars exceeds that for imported pickups.
Table 16 compares technology usage for MY2000 for domestic,
European, and Asian cars and domestic and imported vans, SUVs,
and pickups. The trend noted above towards higher specific power
for European and Asian cars and imported trucks is consistent
with their greater use of four-valve-per-cylinder engines than
the domestics. About 90% of domestic and Asian cars use front-
wheel drive compared to about half of the European ones.
European and Asian cars make greater use of manual '-•-a^ emissions
than their domestic counterparts, as do imported SUVs and
pickups.
Table 16. Technical Characteristics of MY 2000 Light-Duty Vehicles
By Market Segment
Market Segment
< Engine >
HP CID HP/CID
<- Percent of vehicles with: ->
Four Front' 4 Wheel Manual
Valve Drive Drive Trans
Domestic Car 176 190 .942
European Car 184 162 1.139
Asian Car 155 138 1.119
Domestic Van 184 230 .810
Imported Van 188 193 .979
Domestic SUV 211 277 .764
Imported SUV 173 176 1.006
Domestic Pickup 212 276 .775
Imported Pickup 173 190 .918
34%
50%
98%
3%
78%
2%
76%
0%
86%
86%
54%
94%
68%
100%
0%
5%
0%
0%
0%
10%
4%
5%
0%
74%
67%
37%
39%
9%
23%
17%
0%
0%
5%
18%
17%
49%
59
-------
VI. Fuel Economy Improvement
As previously discussed (see Table 1 and Figure 1), the fuel
economy of the combined car and truck fleet has been declining
for the past dozen years, despite the fact that both car and
light-truck fuel ecc.-.omy, when considered separately, have been
relatively stable. Since 1988, vehicle attributes such as
acceleration performance, weight, and utility have been much
higher consumer priorities than fuel economy. Because fuel
prices have been increasing and because of increasing scientific
concern over global warming, interest in improving fuel economy
has been increasing. Accordingly, it is relevant to "mine" what
potential exists for improving fuel economy. There are, of
course, a number of different hypothetical approaches that can be
used to do this. Several basic ones are used in this report.
One simple approach is to consider recent public commitments
by individual vehicle manufacturers as indicative of what could
he achieved ^y the fleet as a whole For example, Ford K~tor
Company recently announced their intention to improve the average
fuel economy of its SUVs by 25% by model year 2005. For model
year 2000, Ford's SUVs are estimated to average about 18 mpg.
Ford has also stated that about 70% of their improvement in fuel
economy will come from technology such as more efficient
powertrains (i.e., engines and transmissions), aerodynamics, and
weight reductions, and that about 30% of the improvement will
come from sales of smaller vehicles such as the Escape which is
scheduled to be introduced in model year 2001. Ford thus needs
to increase the fuel economy of its SUVs by slightly less than
five mpg (i.e., to about 23 mpg) by 2005 to meet itfc stated fuel
economy improvement objective.
Similarly, General Motors has stated that their light trucks
currently average about 4% higher fuel economy than Ford's, and
they have stated that they intend to remain the leader in light
truck fuel economy in five years. For model year 2000, General
Motors' SUVs are estimated to average roughly 19 mpg. For
General Motors to have higher average fuel economy than Ford in
the SUV market segment, their SUVs, by 2005, will have to average
slightly more than 23 mpg.
General Motors and Ford account for slightly less than half
of this year's SUVs. If both of these manufacturers increase
their average SUV fuel economy by at least 25%, it is possible
their competitors will match the fuel economy improvements made
by Ford and General Motors and similarly increase their SUV fuel
economy by 25%. . •
60
-------
35
30
25
20
15
Effect if Fuel Economy is Improved 25% by 2005
MPG
If All Vehicles Improve 25%.
10
If Just SUVs Improve 25%'
1970 1975
Figure 98
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
Figure 98 compares average fuel economy for both cars and.
trucks for 1975 to 2000 with two projections. The first of these
projections shows the light-duty vehicle fuel economy average
that could be attained by model year 2005 if:
(1) there was a 25% increase in average fuel economy of all
SUVs less than 8500 Ib. GVW, and
(2) no other changes in sales fraction or fuel economy for
the other light-duty vehicle types occur.
Under this scenario, passenger car fuel economy would remain
the same; SUV fuel economy would increase from 20.0 to 25.0 mpg;
light truck fuel economy would increase by 10% from 20.5 to 22.5
mpg; and average fuel economy of both cars and trucks would
improve about 5% from 24.0 to 25.2 mpg. Such a fleet would have
the same average fuel economy as was most recently achieved in
1993, but still would be 0.7 mpg less than the maximum of 25.9
mpg achieved in 1987 and 1988.
61
-------
The second scenario in Figure 98 shows what could happen if
all light-duty vehicle manufacturers voluntarily increased the
average fuel economy of all of their light vehicles (i.e., all of
their cars, vans, SUVs, and pickups) by 25% by 2005. Under this
scenario, cars would average 35.1 mpg, trucks 25.6, and both cars
and trucks 30.0. This scenario, like the first one, considers
just vehicles under 8500 GVW and assumes the sales fraction for
all vehicle types remains unchanged. While all of these fuel
economy values are higher than any achieved between 1975 and this
year the objective of improving fuel economy by 25% in five
years is substantially less than what has been achieved
previously. For example, between 1975 and 1980 the fuel economy
of cars increased by nearly 50% and that of trucks by about 35*.
A second approach for determining what potential exists for
improving fuel economy is "best in class" analysis which involves
dividing the fleet of vehicles into classes, selecting a set of
representative "role model" vehicles from each class, and then
calculating the average characteristics of the resultant fleet
using the same relative sales proportions as in the baseline
fleet.
In the discussion which follows, four best-in-class analyses
are made using four different procedures to select the role
models. Three of these selection procedures use the EPA Car Size
Classes (which for cars are the same as those used for the
EPA/DOE Fuel Economy Guide) and the truck type/size classes
described previously in this report. Note that this
classification system includes nine car and nine truck classes
and for model year 2000, two of these eighteen classes are not
represented (Large Wagons and Small. Vans) . The fourth best-in,
class role model selection procedure is based on using the
vehicle inertia weight classes used for EPA's emission
certification process.
The advantage of using and analyzing data from the best-in-
size class methods is that if the sales proportions of each class
are held constant, the sales distribution of the resultant fleet
by vehicle type and size does not change. Similarly, there also
is an advantage in using the inertia weight classes to determine
the role models, since if the sales proportions_in each inertia
weight class are held constant, the sales distribution of the
resultant fleet by weight does not change.
62
-------
One relatively simple way of selecting the role models uses
an historic approach and involves an analysis of all vehicles
produced between 1975 and 2000. This method involves determining
.for each of the truck size classes (see Appendix E) and EPA Car
Size Classes (see Appendix F) which model year had the highest
fuel economy and then using as role models all of the vehicles in
each such size class. For example, as shown in Table 17, the
highest fuel economy for Two-Seaters was achieved in 1991 when
they averaged 29.0 mpg, or 3.9 mpg more than this year's Two-
Seaters, so all 1991 Two-Seaters are used as role models as are
all of the 1985 Minicompacts, etc.
The relative sales proportions of each class were then
adjusted so that each role model retained its original sale
fraction within its class, but the sales fractions for each class
were proportioned to be the same as for the current model year.
Table 17
ABest" Fuel Economy by Model Year
and Vehicle Size Class
"Best" Year's Data
Actual MY2000 Data
Vehicle Size
Class
Two Seater
Minicompact
Subcompact
Compact
Midsize
Large
Small Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Large Wagon
Small Van
Midsize Van
Large Van
Small SUV
Midsize SUV
Large SUV
Small Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Large Pickup
Model Sales
Year (OOOs)
1991 178
1985 73
1996 1108
1998 2119
1998 2970
2000 1648
1995
2000
1996
1993
2000
1997
1996
1999
1982
1981
1977
2000
198
231
9
12
1264
139
120
1793
22
369
66
1764
55/45
MPG
29.0
36.0
32.9
30. 9
27.1
25.4
33^3
27.4
23.2
28.2
23 .4
18.6
28.5
20.9
18.9
28 .2
29.5
18 . 9
Sales
(OOOs)
125
44
1345
2370
2775
1648
94
231
1264
207
376
1967
878
248
677
1764
55/45
MPG
25.1
24 .0
30.8
30 .4
27.1
25.4
28.5
27.4
23.4
18.2
23.5
20.8
17.3
23 .7
22.7
18.9
Difference
In 55/45 MPG
3.9
12 . 0
2.1
0 .5
0.0
0 .0
4.8
0.0
C.O
0.4
5 .0
0.1
1.6
4 .5
6.8
0.0
63
-------
Table 18 compares the results for two different best
historic class scenarios: one in which the actual sales vector
for each of the role models is retained and one in which the
sales matrix is adjusted to match the MY2000 sales. In both
cases, there is some, but very limited, mpg improvement
potential. Using tl a best year's. actual data results in a
combined car and truck average of 25.1 mpg, using the MY2000 •
sales matrix results in a combined average of 24.8 mpg, compared
to an actual average of 24.0 mpg.
These relatively small increases in mpg can be attributed in
part to the fact that four of the 16 active classes achieved
their highest mpg this year. There are five cases (Minicompacts,
Small Wagons, Small SUVs, Small Pickups, and Midsize Pickups)
where there was a relatively large difference (i.e., 4.5 or more
mpq) between this year's fuel economy and the highest ever
attained by the class. The total sales for these five classes
for MY2000, however, Is less than 9% of this year's total sales.
It is also interesting to note that, with four exceptions,
the peak mpg year occurred fairly recently, i.e., since 1992—
One of these exceptions involves Minicompacts, a size class that
has traditionally had very low sales. The peak years for two of
the others (model year 1981 Small Pickups and model year 1982
Large SUVs) were ones for which a relatively large number of
Table 18 Results of "Best" Fuel Economy by
Model Year and Vehicle Size Class Analysis
Total Sales 55/45
Sales Fraction MPG
(OOOs)
Best Cars 8534 .606 28.5
Year's Trucks 5540 .394 21.2
Data Both 14083 25.1
Actual Cars 8632 .539 28.1
MY2000 Trucks 7381 -461 20.5
Data Both 16013 24.0
Combine Best
Year's Mpg Cars 8632 .539 28.6
and MY2000 Trucks 7381 .461 21.5
Sales Mix Both 16013 24.8
64
-------
diesel engines were used in each class; and the fourth exception
(model year 1977 Midsize Pickups) was for a year in which a large
percentage of the vehicles used manual transmissions.
Appendix B of this report includes a list sorted by fuel
economy of the vehicle name plates for model year 2000 by vehicle
type and size. A second way of performing a best-in-class
analysis is to use as role models the four nameplates with the
highest fuel economy in each size class. Under this procedure,
all vehicles in a class with the same nameplate are included as
role models regardless of vehicle configuration. Each role model
nameplate from each class was assigned the same sales weighting
factor, but the original sales weighting distribution for
different vehicle configurations within a given nameplate (e.g.,
transmission type, engine size, and/or drive type) was retained.
The resulting values were used to recalculate the fleet average
values using the same relative proportions in each of the size
classes that constitute the fleet.
In cases where two identical vehicles differ by only one
characteristic, but have slightly different nameplates (such as
the two-wheel drive Chevrolet C1500 and the four-wheel drive
K1500 pickups), both are considered to have the same nameplate.
Conversely, in the cases where technically identical vehicles
with different nameplates are used (e.g., the Chevrolet S10
Pickup, GMC Sonoma, and Isuzu Hombre or the Suzuki Swift and
Chevrolet Metro), only one representative vehicle nameplate was
used.
The third best-in-class role model selection procedure
involves selecting as role mode .s the best dozen vehicles in each
size class with each vehicle configuration considered separately.
Tables L-l and L-2 in Appendix L give listings of the
representative vehicles used in this method. As with the
previous procedure, in cases where technically identical vehicles
have different nameplates, only one representative vehicle was
used. Under this best-in-class method, the sales data for each
role model vehicle in each class was assigned the same value, and
the resulting values were used to re-calculate the fleet values
again using the same relative proportions in each of the size
classes that constitute the fleet.
The fourth best-in-class procedure involves selecting as
role models the best dozen vehicles in each weight class. As
with the previous method, each vehicle configuration was
considered separately. (See Tables L-3 and L-4 for listings of
the MY2000 vehicles used in this analysis.) It should be noted
65
-------
that some of the weight classes have less than a dozen
representative vehicles. In addition, as in the previous two
best-in-class methods, where technically identical vehicles with
different nameplates are used, only one representative vehicle
was included. As with the two best-in-size class methods, the
sales data for each role model vehicle in each class was assigned
the same value, and the resulting values were used to recalculate
the fleet values again using the same relative proportions in
each of the size classes that constitute the fleet.
Tables 19 and 20 compare, for cars and trucks respectively,
the results of the best-in-class (BIG) analysis with actual
average data for model year 2000. Note that for the Size Class
scenarios, the percentage of vehicles that are small, midsize, or
large are the same as for the fleet as a whole, and in the Weight
Class scenarios, the average weight of the BIC data sets is the
same as the actual one. Despite the fact that 55% of the cars in
the BIC weight class data set are classified as "Small," compared
to 45% in the entire fleet, average interior volume for cars in
the BIC weight class analysis is only slightly smaller than the
overall average (109 vs. 106 cu. ft.). The small differences in
interior volume between the Size Class scenarios and the actual
Table 19
Best in Class Results
Model Year 2000 Cars
Selection Actual Size Size Weight
Basis Data Class Class Class
Selection All Best 4 Best 12 Best 12
Criteria Cars NTart^pIates Vehicles Vehicles
55/45 Mpg 28.1 31.4 33.2 31.1
Weight 3386 3070 3091 3386
Volume 109 107 108 106
0 to 60 Time 10.3 10.8 11.2 11.2
CID 167 137 .132 . . 135
HP 170 143 138 149
HP/CID 1-03 1-06 1.05 1.11
% Four Valve 60% 77% 71% . 69%
% Front Drive 84% 98% 98% 85%
% Four Wheel Drive 3% 1% 1% 3%
% Manual 14% 23% 53% 51%
% Small 46% 46% 46% 55%
% Midsize 35% 35% 35% 43%
% Large 19% 19% 19% 2%
% Domestic 49% 29% 37% 26%
66
-------
fleet can be attributed to the fact that, within a size class,
there is considerable variation in interior volume (i.e., not all
vehicles in each size class have the same interior volume.)
Under all of the best-in-class (BIG) scenarios, the vehicles
used for the BIG analysis have less powerful engines, have slower
O-to-60 acceleration times, are less likely to be domestic, and
are more likely to be equipped with manual transmissions than the
entire fleet as a whole. Usage of front- and four-wheel drive is
about the same for cars in the BIG weight class analysis but not
in the size class where there is about 14% greater use of front-
wheel drive than in the actual fleet. For trucks, however, the
BIG data set vehicles make greater use of front-wheel drive.
When the best 12 vehicles in size or weight were used as the role
model selection criteria, the truck BIG data sets also make
significantly less use of four-wheel drive than the actual fleet.
For both cars and trucks, the "Best 12 Vehicles" in Size
Class scenario results in significantly higher fue"1 economy than
the actual fleet, but the vehicles in these BIG sets are
considerably lighter than their counterparts from the other
Table 20 Best in Class Results
Model Year 2000 Trucks
Selection Actual Size Size Weight
Basis Data Class Class Class
Selection All Best 4 Best 12 Best 12
Criteria Trucks Nameplates Vehicles Vehicles .....
55/45 Mpg 20.5 21.6 22.9 22.2
Weight 4432 4252 4036 4432
0 to 60 Time 11.0 10.9 11.3 lj.,8
CID 248 220 203 218
HP 200 193 176 183
HP/CID -83 .92 .89 .87
% Four Valve 19% 49% 40% 37%
% Front Drive 16% 22% 23% 28%
% Four Wheel Drive 46% 46% 15% 2.7%
% Manual . 12% 12% 38% 31%
% Small 8% 8% 8% 12%
% Midsize 53% 53% 53% 57*
% Large 39% 39% 39% 31%
% Domestic
77% 47% 58% 65%
67
-------
scenarios. Depending on the scenario chosen, for model year
2000, cars could have achieved from 11 to 18% better fuel economy
than they did. Similarly, trucks could have achieved from 5 to
10% better fuel economy
The best-in-cl:ss analysis indicates significant fuel
economy improvement potential, but it should be pointed out that
in all three of the best-in-class scenarios, cars have a
substantially higher fraction of manual transmission installation
than in today's fleet. Similarly, trucks have a higher manual
transmission sales fraction for two of the three best-in-class
truck scenarios. The best-in-class analysis thus provides an
indication of what could happen if more efficient transmissions,
such as the five speed lockup (L5) or possibly continuously
variable transmissions (CVTs), become cost effective to produce
and widely accepted.
A third approach for determining potential fuel economy
improvement ^s to consider the fuel economy improvementr that
could have been achieved, had new, more efficient technologies
been used to improve fuel economy, rather than to improve
acceleration performance and to increase vehicle weight. This
approach involves studying the trade-offs that have been made
between fuel economy, vehicle size or weight, and O-to-60
acceleration time.
One way to improve fuel economy is to reduce vehicle weight.
Figures 99 and 100 show changes in the sales fraction for cars
and trucks that have occurred since 1975. In 1975, about half of
the cars had inertia weights above 4000 pounds, compared to only
a few percent since 1980. Since 1S-30, the sales fraction of
several of the lighter inertia weight classes have increased
considerably, the 3500-pound class in particular. The trend for
trucks is somewhat different, particularly since the late 1980's
where there has been a shift from the lighter (i.e., 3500 pounds
and below) inertia weight classes to the heavier ones.
The relationship between weight and fuel economy for model
year 1975 and model year 2000 cars and trucks is shown in Figures
101 and 102, respectively. In all four cases, vehicles with
lighter weight have higher fuel economy (see Appendix G). The
difference between the two lines on each of these graphs shows
the improvement in fuel economy at constant weight that has
occurred since 1975. For example, in 1975 cars in the 3000 lb.
inertia weight class averaged 21.4 mpg compared to 30.3 mpg this
year with improvements in vehicle technology accounting for much
of the difference.
68
-------
Sales Fraction by Inertia Weight Class
Cars
100%
80%
60%-
Sales Frac':on
40%
20%.
1975 1980
Figure 99
1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Sales Fraction by Inertia Weight Class
Trucks
ioo%_Sales Fraction
80%
60% H
40% -j
20%
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 100
MPG vs Inertia Weight Class
Cars
MPG vs Inertia Weight Class
Trucks
60
MPG
2500 3500 4500 5500 6500 7500
Inertia Weight Class
55-
50 -.
Figure 101
1500 2500 3500 4500 5500 6500 7500
Inertia Weight Class
Figure 102
69
-------
60
MY2000 Car 0 to 60 vs MPG
For Four Inertia Weight Classes
Fuel Economy
Interia Weight j
+2750 !
50 J. 03000 |
i \ , 3500
40 [I'4000 !
j—Regression
i
30 '
5 10 15
0 to 60 Time (Sec.)
60
MY2000 Truck 0 to 60 vs MPG
For Four Inertia Weight Classes
Fuel Economy
50
40
30 --
Interia Weight
+ 3500
o 4000
, 4500
- 5000
—Regression
5 10 15
0 to 60 Time (Sec.)
Figure 103
Figure 104
Figures 103 and 104 show the relationship between fuel
economy and O-to-60 acceleration time. Each data point in these
two graphs represents-an average mpg for cars* and trucks in the
same inertia weight class with the same O-to-60 time. The
mpg/performance interdependence was quantified, by means of a
regression analysis performed on the EPA databases as described
in reference 20. This yielded sensitivity coefficients on the
order of 0.4, i.e., a 10% increase in O-to-60 time corresponds to
a 4% increase in fuel economy. Using these sensitivities,
average mpg data at one O-to-60 level can be adjusted to what it
would have at a different one.
Similarly, by normalizing either the weight or size
distribution, a comparison can be made of what the fuel economy
of each year's fleet would have been if it had the same weight or
size distribution as in a given base-year. For comparison
purposes, two base years were analyzed: 1981 and 1990. Table 21
shows that this year's cars get better fuel economy than their
counterparts from both baseline years but are significantly
heavier and have faster O-to-60 acceleration time. .This year's
trucks get about the same fuel economy as the base line years and
are also heavier and have faster O-to-60 times.
70
-------
Table 21 Fuel Economy, Inertia Weight, and 0-to-60 Time
For Three Model Years
Vehicle
Type
Cars
Trucks
Model 55/45 Inertia 0 to
Year MPG Weight Time
1981
1990
2000
25.1
27.8
28.1
3075
3175
3386
14.4
12.1
10.3
1981
1990 '
2000
20.1
20.7
20.5
3805
4005
4432
14.6
12.6
11.0
Figures 105 to 108 and Tables L-5 and L-6 (Appendix L)
provide estimates of what the mpg of the car and truck fleet
would have been each model year if:
(1) the weight mix had been kept the same as in each of the
two base years,
(2) the average acceleration time was kept at the base
year's acceleration time, and
(3) both the weight distribution and average
acceleration time were the same as in the base year.
A similar comparison on the basis of vehicle size and type
is presented in Figures 109 to 112. For those cases (i.e., Small
Vans and Large Wagons),.values from the last year for which these
vehicles were produced was substituted in the analysis as
necessary.
Using model year 1981 as the baseline, and depending on
whether tradeoffs are made on just weight, just vehicle size, or
just acceleration performance, there is potential for improving
the fuel economy of the model year 2000 combined car and truck
fleet from 24.0 mpg to 24.2, 26.7 or 27.3 mpg, respectively, _
without introducing any new technologies. Similarly, again using
model year 1981 as the baseline, had there not been tradeoffs in
both weight and performance, model year 2000 cars might have
averaged 34.8 mpg, trucks 26.0, and the combined fleet 30.1.
71
-------
Effect of Weight and Acceleration
on Car MPG
Effect of Weight and Acceleration
on Car MPG
35
30
25
20 » - *-
15
10
35
MPG
o c av' o
~ Calculated Using:
o 1981 Wts. & Accel
• x 1981 0 to 60 time
+1981 Weight Mix
— Actual Data
15-
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 105
Calculated using:
o 1990 Wts. & Accel.
x 1990 0 to 60 time
+1990 Weight Mix
— Actual Data
10
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 106
Effect of Weight and Acceleration
on Truck MPG
35 .-
MPG
" "Calculatedusing:
o 1981 Wts. & Accel.
30 - x 1981 0 to 60 Time
+1981 Wt. Mix
— Actual Data
25 ..'."7777777" ~~7"~
20
15
10 —
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 107
Effect of Weight and Acceleration
on Truck MPG
MPG
35 —~—-
;- Calculated Using:"
o 1990 Wts. & Accel.
30 J- x.19.90 0 to 60 Time
; +1990WI. Mix
.— Actual Data
20 -
15 -
10 = 3-irr-; .. . . •.. .. •
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 108
72
-------
Effect of Vehicle Size, Type & Acceleration
on Car MPG
Effect of Vehicle Size, Type & Acceleration
on Car MPG
35_MPG_
15 -.
Calculated Using:
o 1981 Size Mix & Accel.
x 1981 0 to 60 time
+1981 Size Mix
— Actual Data
10-i .......... . :
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 109
30 _
25 -
20 -
15-
Calculated Using:
o 1990 Size Mix & Accel.
x 1990 0 to 60 time
+1990 Size Mix
— Actual Data
10
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 110
Effect of Vehicle Size, Type & Acceleration
on Truck MPG
Effect of Vehicle Size, Type & Acceleration
on Truck MPG
3Q
Calculated Using:
a 1981 Size Mix & Accel.
x 1981 0 to 60 time
+ 1981 Size Mix
— Actual Data
25 -
15
10
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 111
35
MPG
30
25 -
20 - -
15 -
'Calculated Using:
o 1990 Size Mix & Accel.
x 1990 0 to 60 time
+1990 Size Mix
— Actual Data
10 "~ -
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Model Year
Figure 112
73
-------
The fourth approach for projecting possible future fleetwide
fuel economy improvement is to consider the use of a new, highly
advanced, vehicle technology. The model year 2000 fleet contains
one such vehicle, and it provides an indicator of even more
substantial fuel economy improvement potential than any of the
scenarios discussed above. The Honda Insight, which was
introduced in model year 2000, is the first car on the U.S.
market with a hybrid drivetrain which includes a gasoline-fueled
engine, a battery that is used for traction, a regenerative
braking system, and an electric motor/generator.
This manual transmission equipped two-seater achieves 76.3
mpg, compared to 25.2 mpg for the average non-hybrid vehicle in'
the two-seater size class. The Honda Insight, thus, is more than
three times better in fuel economy than its conventional
counterparts. Since the two-seater size class is not known for
exemplary fuel economy, the same comparison can be made of the
Insight to all small cars, which for MY2000 average 30,2 mpg.
The Insight, by this comparison, is slightly more than 2.5 times
more efficient than the average small car. The Insight, however,
has a relatively light 2000 pound inertia weight. There is,
moreover, only one other model year 2000 car with this inertia
weight: a five speed manual transmission equipped Chevrolet
Metro. The Insight achieves roughly 1.6 times the fuel economy
of the Metro.
Based on a limited amount of fuel economy data, it appears
that hybrid vehicles may have the potential to increase fuel
economy per vehicle by at least 100%, and possibly as much as
200% over their conventional counterparts. It should be noted
that it is a substantial technical challenge to attain such high
fuel economy values for the entire fleet and, at the same time,
retain all other vehicle performance and utility attributes at
their present levels.
In addition, the potential for overall fleetwide fuel
economy improvement due to hybrid vehicle technology is extremely
dependent on their penetration rate. With a potential per
vehicle improvement of 100 to 200%, hybrids could clearly provide
a significant fleetwide fuel economy improvement, if and when
they begin to penetrate the market significantly. Given there is
only one hybrid vehicle now on the U.S. market, it is premature
to postulate a fuel economy improvement scenario based on hybrid
vehicles.
74
-------
As shown in table 22, based on the scenarios discussed
above, the potential for increasing combined car and truck fuel
economy ranges from about 5% to about 25% with the lowest
improvement coming from scenario 2 which involves a 25.% fuel
economy improvement in all SUVs. The highest improvements come
from scenarios 3 and 5 which involve voluntarily improving -^el
economy of all vehicles by 25% and using the 1981 weight mix and
acceleration performance, respectively.
Table 22 Summary of Fuel Economy Improvement Potential
Scenario
(1) Actual MY2000 Averages
(2) 25% MPG Increase for All SUVs
(3) 25% MPG Increase for All Vehicles
(4) 1990 Weight Mix and Acceleration
(5) 1981 Weight Mix and Acceleration
(6) Best "Historic Year" Size Class-
(7) Best 4 Nameplates in Size Class
(8) Best 12 Vehicles in Size Class
(9) Best 12 Vehicles in Weight Class
Cars
28.1
28.1
35.1
31.1
34.8
28.6
31. -i
33.2
31.1
Trucks•
20.5
2? <5
25.6
23.0
26.0
21.5
21.6
22.9
22.2
Both Cars
and Trucks
24.0
25.2
30.0
26.8
30.1
24 . 8
26. 0
27.5
26.2
75
-------
-------
VII. Conclusions
1. Fuel economy of the overall light-duty fleet has
declined 1.9 mpg (i.e., about 7%) since reaching a maximum of
25.9 mpg in 1987 and 1988, although during the past decade fuel
economy of both cars and light-duty trucks, considered
individually, has been relatively stable. This year's combined
car and truck average value of 24.0 mpg is lower than it was at
any time since 1980.
2. The share of the market comprised by light trucks has
been increasing for over 20 years and now exceeds 46%, more than
double what it was in 1983. Much of the decline in the overall
light-duty fleet fuel economy is due to the sales fraction
increase in light trucks. More than half of the light-truck
sales fraction increase can be attributed directly to increases
in the sales fractions of midsize vans and midsize SUVs.
3. Ton-mpg, for the combined fleet, as a measure of
efficiency, has increased eve'ry year since 1979 and is now more
than 33% higher than it was then.
4. On a model year basis, estimated lifetime light-truck
fuel consumption has exceeded that of passenger cars for the past
four years; for MY2000, light trucks are projected to consume 56%
of the total.
5. Both cars and light trucks have traded off fuel economy
for increased weight and performance. Since 1981, vehicle
inertia weight for cars and trucks has increased by 10 and 16%,
respectively. In addition, vehicle' performance, as determined
from estimated O-to-60 acceleration time, has also improved. Had
MY2000 cars and light trucks had an estimated O-to-60 time of
14.4 seconds and the same- weight -as they did in 1981, they would
have been able to attain over 25% better fuel economy.
6. Using a Best-in-Size-Class methodology and conventional
vehicle technology, the combined passenger car and light-truck
fleet has the potential to attain almost 15% better fuel economy.
7. New technologies used in hybrid vehicles, change the
horizon for fuel economy projections and indicate improvements on
the order of 100 to 200% may be possible. Recent developments
suggest various potential pathways for possible future fleetwide
fuel economy improvements including voluntary commitments by some
manufacturers to improve the fuel economy of certain portions of
their fleets by as much as 25%.
76
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VIII. References
1. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Fuel Economy and
Emission Control, November 1972.
2. "Passenger Car Fuel Economy - Trends and Influencing
Factors," SAE Paper 730790, Austin and Hellman, September 1973.'
3. "Fuel Economy of the 1975 Models," SAE Paper 740970,
Austin and Hellman, October 1974.
4. "Passenger Car Fuel Economy Trends Through 1976," SAE
Paper 750957, Austin and Service, October 1975.
5. "Light-Duty Automotive Fuel Economy Trends Through
1977," SAE Paper 760795, Murrell, Pace, Service, and Yeager,
October 1976.
6. "Light-Duty Automotive Fuel Economy Trends Through
1978," SAE Paper 780036, Murrell, February 1978.
7. "Light-Duty Automotive Fuel'Economy Trends Through
1979," SAE Paper 790225, Murrell, February 1979.
8. "Light-Duty Automotive Fuel Economy Trends Through
1980," SAE Paper 800853, Murrell, Foster and Bristor, June 1980.
9. "Light-Duty Automotive Fuel Economy Trends Through
1981," SAE Paper'810386, Foster, Murrell and Loos, February 1981.
10. "Light-Duty Automotive Fuel Economy Trends Through
1982," SAE Paper. 820300, Cheng, LeBaron, Murrell, and Loos,
February 1982.
11. "Why Vehicles Don't Achieve EPA MPG On the Road and How
That Shortfall Can Be Accounted For," SAE Paper 820791, Hellman
and Murrell, June 1982.
12. "Light-Duty Automobile Fuel Economy Trends through
1983," SAE Paper 830544, Murrell, Loos, Heavenrich, and Cheng,
February 1983.
13. "Passenger Car Fuel Economy - Trends Through 1984," SAE
Paper 840499, Heavenrich, Murrell, Cheng, and Loos, February
1984.
77
-------
14. "Light Truck Fuel Economy - Trends through 1984," SAE
Paper 841405, Loos, Cheng, Murrell and Heavenrich, October 1984.
15. "Light-Duty Automotive Fuel Economy - Trends Through
1985," SAE Paper 850550, Heavenrich, Murrell, Cheng, and Loos,
March 1985.
16. "Light-Duty Automotive Trends Through 1986," SAE Paper
860366, Heavenrich, Cheng, and Murrell, February 1986.
17. "Trends in Alternate Measures of Vehicle Fuel Economy,"
SAE Paper 861426, Hellman and Murrell, September 1986.
18. "Light-Duty Automotive Trends Through 1987," SAE Paper
871088, Heavenrich, Murrell, and Cheng, May 1987.
19. "Light-Duty Automotive Trends Through 1988," U.S. EPA,
EPA/AA/CTAB/88-07, Heavenrich and Murrell, June 1988.
20. "Light-Duty Automotive and Technology Trends Through
1989," U.S. EPA, EPA/AA/CTAB/89-04, Heavenrich, Murrell, and
Hellman, May 1989.
21. "Downward Trend in Passenger Car Fuel Economy—A View
of Recent Data," U.S. EPA, EPA/AA/CTAB/90-01, Murrell and
Heavenrich, January 1990.
22. "Options for Controlling the Global Warming Impact from
Motor Vehicles," U.S. EPA, EPA/AA/CTAB/89-Q8, Heavenrich,
Murrell, and Hellman, December 1989.
23. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy
Trends Through 1990," U.S. EPA, EPA/AA/CTAB/90-03, Heavenrich and
Murrell, June 1990.
24. . "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy
Trends Through 1991," EPA/AA/CTAB/91-02, Heavenrich, Murrell, and
Hellman, May 1991.
25. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel.Economy
Trends Through 1993," EPA/AA/TDG/93-01, Murrell, Hellman, and
Heavenrich, May 1993.
78
-------
26. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy
Trends Through 1996," EPA/AA/TDSG/96-01, Heavenrich and Hellman,
July 1996.
27. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy
Trends Through 1999," EPA420R-99-018, Heavenrich and Hellman,
September 1999.
28. "Concise Description of Auto Fuel Economy in Recent
Years," SAE Paper 760045, Malliaris, Hsia and Gould, February
1976.
29. "Automotive Engine - A Future Perspective", SAE Paper
891666, Amann, 1989.
30. "Regression Analysis of Acceleration Performance of
Light Duty Vehicles",.DOT HS 807 763, Young, September 1991.
31. "Determinates of Multiple Measures of Acceleration",
SAE Paper'931805, Santini and Anderson, 1993.
79
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EPA420-R-00-008
December 2000
Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy
Trends 1975 Through 2000
Appendixes
Advanced Technology Division
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
NOTICE
This technical report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or positions.
It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data which are currently available.
The purpose in the release of such reports is to facilitate the exchange of
technical information and to inform the public of technical developments which
may form the basis for a final EPA decision, position, or regulatory action.
-------
-------
List of Appendixes
Page
Number
APPENDIX A - Vehicle Classification Exceptions . A-l
APPENDIX B - Model Year 2000 Nameplate MPG Listings ..... B-l
APPENDIX C - Best and Worst Models 1975 to 2000 C-l
APPENDIX D - Data Stratified by Vehicle Type D-l
APPENDIX E - Data Stratified by EPA Car Class E-l
APPENDIX F - Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size . . . F-l
APPENDIX G - Data Stratified by Transmission Type G-l
APPENDIX H - Data Stratified by Market Segment H-l
APPENDIX I - Data Stratified by Cylinder Count 1-1
APPENDIX J - Data Stratified by Valves Per Cylinder . . . . J-l
APPENDIX K - Data Stratified by Weight Class K-l
APPENDIX L - Best in Class Data . L-l
-------
Appendix A: Light-Duty Vehicle Classification Exceptions
Manufacturer/Vehicles
Chrysler Vehicles by Diamond Star
Chrysler Vehicles by Maserati
Chrysler Vehicles by Mitsubishi
Chrysler Colt 4wd Wagon
Chrysler Colt Vista
Chrysler Summit Wagon
Mitsubishi Expo
Mitsubishi Eclipse (2.0I/ Na Engine)
Mitsubishi Space Wagon
Dodge Monaco
Dodge Monaco
Eagle Premier
Eagle 4wd Wagon
Dodge Ramcharger
Ford Vehicles by Mazda
Ford Festiva
Ford Focus (2 Valve Engine)
Ford Focus (4 Valve Engine)
Ford Merkur/Scorpio
Ford Probe
Mercury Aspire
Mercury Capri
Mercury Capri
Ford Escort (All)
Ford Escort (1.8U
Ford Escort (1.9I/J
Mercury Tracer (1.8I/;
Mercury Tracer (1.9L)
Years
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
96
All
75-77
90-93
90-93
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
75-86
86-94
81-90
91-96
91-96
91-96
91-96
Are Classified As;
Asian Import
European Import
Asian Import
Small Wagon
Small Van
Small Van
Small Van
Domestic
Small Van
Domestic
European Import
European Import
Passenger Car
Passenger Car
Asian Import
Asian Import
Domestic
European Import
European Import
Asian Import
Asian Import
Domestic
Asian Import
Domestic
Asian Import
Domestic
Asian Import
Domestic
A-l
-------
Appendix A (Continued)
Manufacturer/Vehicles
Ford Taurus SHO
Ford Pinto Van
Mercury Villager
Ford Lincoln LS (3.0L)
Ford Lincoln LS (4.OL)
General Motors vehicles by Isuzu
Saturn LS/LW 4 cylinder
Saturn LS/WL 6 cylinder
General Motors vehicles by Nummi
General Motors 'ehicles by Suzuki
Pontiac LeMans
Pontiac LeMans
Cadillac Allante
Cadillac Catera
Mazda Vehicles by Ford
Honda Odyssey
Isuzu Oasis
Sterling
Subaru 4wd Sedans/Wagons
Suzuki X-90
Years
All .
All
All
2000
2000
All
2000
2000
All
All
75-81
91-93
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
Are Classified As:
Asian Import
Passenger Car
Asian Import
Domestic
European Import
Asian Import
Domestic
European Import
Asian Import
Asian Import
Domestic
Asian Import
Domestic
.European Import
Domestic
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Asian Import
Passenger Cars
Small Utility
Note: Classification of a vehicle as Domestic, European Import, or Asian
Import is based on the authors' judgment of where the majority of the
engine and emission control system development work was done. It is
meant to be a tracking system for technical parameters related to
engine and emission control development and is not a replacement for
Domestic/Import definitions used in implementing automotive standards
legislation.
A-2
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Appendix B
Model Year 2000 Nameplate MPG Listing
TWO-SEATER MPG
Honda Insight . 76 .3
Toyota MR2 _.•-•• 31.8
Mazda MX-5 Miata 30.8
Mercedes-Benz SLK230 29.1
Honda S2000 26.2
BMW Z3 Roadster . 25.5
Porsche Boxster • 25.4
BMW M Coupe . . . , 25.1
BMW Z3 Coupe 25.1
General Motors Corvette 23.6
Porsche. Boxster S 23.5
Honda NSX 22.9
Chrysler Prowler . . . * 22 .7
Mercedes-Benz SL500 21.6
BMW Z8 18.6
Mercedes-Benz SL600 17.7
Chrysler Viper 17.3
Ferrari 360 Modena-Spider 14 .5
Ferrari 550 Maranello 11. 7
MINICOMPACT MPG
Volkswagen TT Coupe 29.4
Volkswagen TT Coupe Quattro 27.2
Mercedes-Benz CLK320 26.2
BMW M Roadster 25.1
BMW 3231 Convertible 24.0
Mercedes-Benz CLK430 1 23 .1
Porsche 911 Carrera 23.0
Jaguar XK8 Convertible 22.8
Jaguar XKR Convertible 21.4
Ford Imports DB-7 Vantage Coupe 15.7
Ford Imports DB-7 Vantage Volante 15.4
SUBCOMPACT MPG
Honda Civic HX 43.5
GM Imports Metro 41.1
Suzuki Swift 40.1
Honda Civic 36.5
Ford Escort 35.7
Suzuki Esteem 35.6
Honda Civic GX 35.5
Mitsubishi Mirage . ." 35.2
General Motors Saturn SC . 35.0
Toyota Celica '. . . 33.5
Ford Escort ZX2 33 .1
Honda Integra 31.4
Volkswagen Beetle 30.4
General Motors Cavalier . . . . 30.3
General Motors Sunfire 30.1
Hyundai Tiburon 29.5
Volkswagen Cabrio ...... '. 29.4
Subaru Impreza AWD ...29.1
General Motors Cavalier Dual-Fuel 28.5
Mitsubishi Eclipse •. . . 27 . 9
Honda Prelude 27.7
Mercedes-Benz CLK320 27.5
GM Imports SAAB 9-3 Viggen Convertible. 27.5
GM Imports SAAB 9-3 Convertible 27.1
Toyota Camry Solara Convertible 26.1
BMW 323CI / 328 CI 26.1
Ford Mustang 25.6
General Motors Camaro 25.2
Volvo C70 Convertible 25.2
General Motors Firebird-Trans AM ...... 24.4
Mercedes-Benz CLK430 24.2
Toyota SC 300-SC 400 24.2
Jaguar XK8 23.1
Jaguar XKR 21.9
Rolls-Royce Corniche 15.2
Rolls-Royce Bentley Continental T 15.1
Rolls-Royce Bentley Continental SC .... 14.9
Rolls-Royce Bentley Azure 14 .9
Ferrari 456 MGT-MGTA 13.4
COMPACT
Toyota Echo
GM Imports Prizm
Toyota Corolla
General Motors SL
Hyundai Accent-Brio
Mazda Protege
Ford Focus
Ford Escort
Nissan Sentra
Chrysler Neon
Ford Imports Focus
Volkswagen Golf
Daewoo Lanos
Nissan G20
Hyundai Elantra
Toyota Camry CNG
Volkswagen Jetta
Kia Sephia
Daewoo Nubira
Volkswagen GTI
General Motors Alero
Ford Contour
General Motors Grand AM
Ford Mystique
Mercedes-Benz C230
Volvo S40 . .'
Nissan Altima
Subaru Legacy AWD . .
Toyota Camry Solara
Ford Cougar
Mercedes-Benz C280
BMW 3231 .-. •
Mazda Millenia
Chrysler Avenger
Chrysler Sebring i
Volvo C70 Coupe
Chrysler Sebring Convertible
Volkswagen A4
BMW 3281
Toyota ES 300
Volkswagen A4 Quattro
BMW 5281
Mercedes-Benz C43
Volkswagen S4
Jaguar XJ8
BMW 5401' .
Mercedes-Benz CL500
Jaguar XJR
BMW M5
Rolls-Royce Bentley Continental R
MPG
42.1
37.2
36.8
35.5
35.3
34 .4
34 .2
33.7
33.3
32.3
32.1
.32 .0
31.9
30.3
30.0
29.8
29.7
29.7
29.6
29.3
28.
28.
28.
28.
28.
28.
.9
.9
.5
.5
.3
.0
28.0
27.9
27.6
27.5
27.3
26.4
.26.0
26.0
26.0
25.9
25.6
25.5
25.5
25.4
25.0
24.5
23 .1
23 .0
22.8
22.3
21.7
21.0
18.6
15.1
B-l
-------
Appendix B (Continued)
Model Year 2000 Nameplate MPG Listing
MIDSIZE SEDAN MPG
General Motors LS 30.8
Toyota Carary 29.2
Honda Accord 29.0
Mazda 626 28.1
Volkswagen Passat 28.0
General Motors Malibu 28.0
Mercedes-Benz E320 27.9
GM Imports SAAB 9-3 Viggen 27.5
General Motors Century 27.5
General Motors Lumina-Monte Carlo 27.4
Mitsubishi Galant 27.2
Volvo S70 27.1
Daewoo Leganza 25. 9
Mercedes-Benz E320 4Matic 26.9
Hyundai Sonata 26.8
GM Imports Saab 9-3 26.8
Nissan Maxima 26.7
Chrysler Breeze 26.7
Chrysler Stratus 26.6
Chrysler Cirrus 26.5
Nissan 130 26.4
Honda 3.2TL 26.4
General Motors Regal 26.4
General Motors Grand Prix 26.4
Ford Sable 26.3
GM Imports Satu™ IS 26.2
Chrysler Imports Cirrus 26.1
Chrysler Imports Stratus 25.9
General Motors Intrigue 25.7
GM Imports Saab 9-5 25.5
Toyota LS 400 24.3
VolVO S70AWD 24.3
Toyota GS 300-GS 400 24.3
Volvo S80 24.2
Jaguar X200 V6 24.1
General Motors Eldorado 24.1
General Motors Seville 24.1
Mercedes-Benz E430 23.9
GM Imports Catera 23.8
Volkswagen A6 23.8
Ford LS 23.5
Mitsubishi Diamante 23.4
Honda 3. SRL 23.2
Nissan Q45 23.1
Volkswagen A6 Quattro 22.9
Volkswagen Passat 4Motion 22.9
Mercedes-Benz E430 4Matic 22.8
Jaguar XJ8L 22.8
Jaguar Vanden Plas 22.8
Volkswagen A8 Quattro 22.7
Ford Imports LS 22.4
Jaguar X200 V8 22.4
Mercedes-Benz ESS 22.0
BMW 7401 7401 Sport 21.9
Jaguar Vanden Plas S-C 20.9
Rolls-Royce Silver Seraph 16.1
Rolls-Royce Bentley Arnage 14.9
LARGE SEDAN
Toyota Avalon
General Motors Impala
General Motors LeSabre
Chrysler Intrepid
Ford Taurus
General Motors Bonneville ..
Chrysler Concorde
General Motors Park Avenue .
Chrysler 300 M .
Chrysler LHS
General Motors DeVille
Ford Grand Marquis
Ford Town Car
Ford Continental . .
Mercedes-Benz S430 .........
Volkswagen A8 . . .
BMW 740IL
Ford Crown Victoria
Mercedes-Benz S500 ,
BMW 750IL .
Rolls-Royce Park Ward
SMALL WAGON
General Motors SW
Suzuki Esteem
Daewoo Nubira
oubaru xmpreza
Hyundai Elantra
Volvo V40
BMW 3231
Volkswagen A4 Avant Quattro
BMW 5281
•Volkswagen A4 Avant
BMW 5401
MIDSIZE WAGON
Ford Focus • • •
Ford Imports Focus
General Motors Saturn LW
Subaru Legacy
Volkswagen Passat
Volvo V70
Mercedes-Benz E320
GM Imports LW
Mercedes-Benz E320 4Matic ...
GM Imports Saab 9-5
Ford Sable
Ford Taurus
Volvo V70AWD
Volkswagen Passat 4Motion....
Volkswagen A6 Avant Quattro .
MPG
28.1
27.2
26.5
26.5
26.3
26.3
26.2
26.2
24.8
24 .4
24.1
23.8
23.7
23 .4
23.0
22.8
22.7
21.8
21.7
18.1
16.1
MPG
34.3
34.2
29.6
29.5
29.4
28.0
26.3
25.5
24.5
24 .4
20.5
MPG
33.9
32.6
29.5
27.9
27.6
27.2
26.6
26.2
25.8
25.5
25.5
25.3
24.2
22.9
22.9
B-.2
-------
Appendix B (Continued)
Model Year 2000 Nameplate MPG Listing
MIDSIZE VAN MPG
General Motors Silhouette FWD 25.0
.General Motors Montana FWD 25.0
General Motors Venture FWD 25.0
Chrysler Voyager 2WD 24.4
Chrysler Caravan 2WD 24.2
Toyota Sienna 24.0
Honda Odyssey 24.0
Mazda MPV 23.1
Chrysler Town & Country 2WD 23.1
Nissan Quest 23.0
Ford Windstar Cargo Van 22.9
Ford Imports Villager Wagon 22.8
Ford Windstar Wagon 22.5
Chrysler Town & Country AWD 21.7
Chrysler Caravan AWD 21.7
General Motors Safari 2WD (Cargo) 21.6
General Motors Astro 2WD (Cargo) 21.6
General Motors Safari 2WD(Passenger) .. 20.8
General Motors Astro 2WD (Passenger) .. 20.8
General Motors Safari AWD (Cargo) 20.2
General Motors Astro AWD (Cargo) 20.2
General Motors Safari AWD (Passenger) . 19.4
General Motors Astro AWD (Passenger) .. 19.4
Volkswagen Group Eurovan Camper 18.5
LAR3E VAN MPG
Volkswagen Group Eurovan 19.5
Ford E150 Econoline 2WD 18.9
General Motors G1500-2500 Chevy Van 2WD 18.3
General Motors G1500-2500 Savana Cargo. 18.1
General Motors G1500-2500 Chevy Express 18.0
General Motors G1500-2500 Savana Pass.. 17 -_9
General Motors G1500-2500 Chevy Express 17.9
General Motors G1500-2500 Savana Pass.. 17.9
Ford E150 Club Wagon 17.8
Chrysler B1500 Van 2WD 17.8
Ford E250 Econoline 2WD 17.7
Chrysler B1500 Wagon 2WD 17.6
Chrysler B2500 Van 2WD 17.1
Chrysler B2500 Wagon.2WD 15 .7
SMALL UTILITY MPG
Toyota RAV4 2WD 30.6
GM Imports Tracker 2WD Convertible 29.5
GM Imports Tracker 2WD Hardtop .: 28.8
GM Imports Tracker 4X4 Convertible 28.5
Toyota RAV4 Soft Top 4WD 28.2
Suzuki Vitara 2-Door 2WD 28.1
Subaru Forester AWD 27.9
GM Imports Tracker 4X4 Hardtop 27.8
Suzuki Vitara 2-Door 4WD 27.8
Suzuki Vitara 4-Door 2WD 27.6
Toyota RAV4 4WD 27.5
Suzuki Vitara 4-Door 4WD 27.5
Nissan XTerra 2WD 24.2
Kia Sportage 24.0
Kia Sportage 23.5
Isuzu Amigo 2WD 22 .1
Nissan XTerra V6-2WD 20.5
Isuzu Amigo 4WD 20.4
Chrysler Wrangler 4WD 20.3
Nissan XTerra V6-4WD . 19.6
Isuzu Vehicross 19.2
MIDSIZE UTILITY
Honda CR-V(2WD)
Honda CR-V(4WD)
Toyota RX 300 2WD
Suzuki Grand Vitara 4-Door 2WD
Toyota RX 300 4WD
Toyota 4Runner 2WD
Suzuki Grand Vitara 4-Door 4WD
Isuzu Rodeo 2WD
Chrysler Cherokee 2WD
Mitsubishi Montero Sport 2WD ..
General Motors Blazer 2WD
General Motors Jimmy 2WD
Mitsubishi Montero Sport 4WD ..
Chrysler Grand Cherokee 2WD ...
Honda Passport 2WD
Toyota 4Runner 4WD
Chrysler Cherokee 4WD
Isuzu Rodeo 4WD
Honda Passport 4WD
Ford Explorer 2WD
Mitsubishi Montero v
General Motors Bravada AWD
General Motors Jimmy 4WD
General Motors Blazer 4WD
Ford Explorer 4WD
Nissan Pathfinder 2WD ...
Chrysler Grand Cherokee 4WD ...
Ford Postal Vehicle
Isuzu Trooper 2WD . . .
Nissan Pathfinder 4WD
Isuzu Trooper
Nissan QX4 4WD
Rover Land Rover Discovery
Rover Range Rover
LARGE UTILITY
Mercedes-Benz ML320
Mercedes-Benz ML430
Ford Mountaineer 2WD
Ford Mountaineer 4WD
General Motors C1500 Tahoe 2WD ...
General Motors C1500 Yukon 2WD ...
General Motors C1500 Yukon XL 2WD
General Motors CIS00 Suburban 2WD
Ford Expedition 2WD
Mercedes-Benz ML55
Chrysler Durango 2WD
BMW X5
General Motors K1500 Yukon XL 4WD
General Motors K1500 Suburban, 4WD
Toyota LX 470
Toyota Land Cruiser Wagon 4WD
General Motors K1500 Tahoe 4WD ...
Ford Expedition 4WD
Chrysler Durango 4WD
Ford Navigator 4WD
General Motors K1500 Yukon 4WD ...
Ford Navigator 2WD
General Motors Escalade 4WD
MPG
27.5
27.1
24.2
23.4
23.4
22.9
22.9
21.9
21.8
21.8
21.6
21.6
21.3
21.3
21.2
21.1
20.8
20.
20.
20.
20.
20.
20-
20 .
20.
20.0
19. 9
19.6
19.4
19.3
19.1
19.0
-17.3
16.2
MPG
20.8
19.7
19.6
19.2
18.1
17.9
17.8
11 a
17.7
17.7
17.6
17.5
17.2
17.2
17.1
. 17.1
. 17.1
. 16.9
. 16.8
. 16.2
. 16.2
. 16.1
. 16.1
B-3
-------
Appendix B (Continued)
Model Year 2000 Nameplate MPG Listing
SMALL PICKUP MPG
Nissan Frontier 2WD 27.1
Toyota Tacoma 2WD 26.2
Nissan Frontier 2WD 22.3
Toyota Tacoma 4WD 21.5
Nissan Frontier V6-2WD 20.2
Nissan Frontier V6-4WD 19-7
MIDSIZE PICKUP MPG
Mazda B2500 2WD 27.5
General Motors S10 2WD 26.5
General Motors Sonoma 2WD 26.1
Ford Ranger 2WD 25.3
Isuzu Hombre 2WD 22.6
Ford Ranger FFV - 2WD 22.3
Mazda B3000 FFV - 2WD 22.3
Isuzu Hombre 4WD 21.5
Chrysler Dakota 2WD 21.5
General Motors Sonoma 4WD 21.0
General Motors S10 4WD 21.0
Mazda B4000 2WD 20.9
Mazda B3000 FFV - 4WD 20.2
Ford Ranger FFV - 4WD 20.1
Mazda B4000 4WD 20.0
Ford Ranger 4WD 19-9
Chrysler Dakota 4WD 18 .5
LARGE PICKUP MPG
General Motors C1500 Sierra 2WD 20.8
General Motors C1500 Silverado 2WD .... 20.8
Ford F1SO 2WD 20.0
Toyota Tundra 2WD 19-7
General Motors K1500 Silverado 4WD .... 18.6
General Motors K1500 Sierra 4WD 18.6
Ford F1SO 4WD 18 •3
Toyota Tundra 4WD 18.2
Chrysler Ram 1500 2WD 17.5
General Motors C2500 Sierra 2WD 16.8
Ford Lightning 2WD 16.8
General Motors C2500 Silverado 2WD .... 16.6
Chrysler Ram 1500 4WD 16.1
B-4
-------
Table Cl
Model Manufacturer Model
Year Name
Appendix C
Cars with the Lowest MPG by Model Year
EPA Size Inertia Fuel HP
Class Weight Drive Trans Gears Induct
CID 0-60 Fuel Economy
Time City Hwy 55/45
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
Table
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
i 978
J.979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
,1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
GM
Jaguar
Rolls Royce
Dodge
Aston Martin
Aston Martin
Peugot
Masserati
Masserati
Masserati
Masserati
Lamborghini
Lambprghini
Lamborghini
Lamborghini
Aston Martin
Vector
Vector
Vector
Lamborghini
Ferrari.
Lamborghini
Lamborghini
Ferrari
Ferrari
Ferrari
C2
Manufacturer
Honda
Honda
Honda
VW
VW
VW
VW
VW
Nissan
Honda
Suzuki
Geo
Geo
Geo
Honda
Geo
Geo
Geo
Geo
Geo
Honds
Suzuki
Geo
Geo
VW
Honda
Toronado
Jensen
Rolls Royce
Monaco
Aston Martin
Aston Martin
605
Quat t ropor t e
Quattroporte
Quattroporte
Quattroporte
Countach
Count ach
Countach
Countach
Lag .
W8
W8
W8
DB132
F50
M12
DB132
550
550
550
Large
Two Seater
Compact
Midsize
Subcompact
Subcompact
Compact
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Two Seater
Two Seater
Two Seater
Two Seater
Subcompact
Two Seater
Two Seater
Two Seater
Two Seater
-Two Seater
Two Seater
Two Seater
Two Seater
Two Seater
Two Seater
5500
4500
5500
5000
4500
4500
3500
5000
5000
5000
5000
3500
3500
3500
3500
5000
4000
4000
4000
4000
3000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
Front
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
4wd
Rear
Rear
4wd
Rear
Rear
Rear
Auto
Auto 3
Auto
Auto 3
Manual 5
Manual 5
Auto 3
Lockup 3
Lockup 3
Lockup 3
Lockup 3
Manual 5
Manual 5
Manual 5
Manual 5
Lockup 3
Auto 3
Auto 3
Auto 3
Manual 5
Manual 6
Manual 5
Manual 5
Manual 6
Manual 6
Manual 6
Cars with the Highest MPG by
Model
Name
Civic CVCC
Civic CVCC
Civic CVCC
Rabbit
Rabbit
Rabbit
Rabbit
Rabbit
Sentra
Civic
SA310
Sprint
Sprint
Sprint
Civic 'CRX
Metro XFI
Metro XFI
Metro XFI
Metro XFI
Metro XFI
Civic HB
Swift
Metro
Metro
Beetle
Insight
EPA Size
Class
Minicorapact
Minicompact
Minicompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Two Seater
Minicompact
Minicompact
Minicompact
Minicompact
Two Seater,
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Two Seater
Inertia
Weight
2000
2000
2000
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2000
1750
1750
1750
1750
' 2000
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
2250
2000
2000
2000
3000
2000
Drive
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
'Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Carb 175
Carb 250
Carb 170
Carb 240
Carb 60
Carb 275
Carb 132
Carb 288
Carb 288
Carb 288
Carb 288
Port 420
Port 420
Port 420
TBI 420
Port 240
Port 450
Port 450
Port 450
Port 492
Port 510
Port 492
Port 492
Port 475
Port 475
Port 475
Model Year
Fuel HP
455
440
412
440
326
326
174
301
301
301
301
315
•315
315
315
326
365
365
365
348
287
348
348
334
334
334
CID
Trans Gears Induct
Manual 5
Manual 3
Manual
. Manu.'.l 4
Mahua- 5
Manual 5
Manual 4
Manual 4
Manual 4
Manual 5
Manual 5
Manual 5
Manual 5
Manual 5
Manual 5
Manual 5
Manual 5
Manual 5
Manual 5
Manual 5
Manual 5
Manual 5
Manual 5
Manual 5
Manual 5
Manual 5
Carb 52
Carb 60 -
Carb 60
Diesel 48
Diesel 48
Diesel 48
Diesel 52
Diesel 52
Diesel 55
Carb 60
Carb 48
Carb 46
Carb 46
Carb 46
Port 62
TBI 49
TBI 55
TBI 55
TBI 55
TBI 55
Port 91
TBI 55
TBI 55
TBI 55
Diesel 90
Port 67
90
91
91
90
90
90
97
97
103
82
61
61
61
61
91
61
61
61
61
61
91
61
61
60
116
61
14
9
15
10
27
8
12
9
9
9
9
5
5
5
5
10
5
5
5
5
4
5
5
5
5
5
0-60
8.5 12.1
8.6 12 .8
8.7 11.4
8.3 11.2
7.6 12.4
7.6 12.4
3.5 7.7
8.5 12.6
8.5 12.6
8.5 12.6
8.5 12.6
6.8 13.4
6.8 13.4
6.8 13.4
6.8 13.4
9.3 13.9
8.2 13.7
8.2 13.7
8.2 13.7
10.4 18.1
8.4 14.1
9.9 16.2
10.2 '18 .1
10.1 18.9
10 .0 18.0
9.4 16.7
9.8
10.1
9.7
9.4
9.2
9.2
5.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
10 .0
8.7
• 8.7
8.7
8.7
10.9
10.0
10.0
10.0
12.9
10.3
12.0
12.7
12.8
12.5
11.7
Fuel Economy
Time City Hwy 55/45
16
15
15
19
19
19
18
18
17
15
16
16
16
16
14
15
14
14
14
14
12
16
16
16
15
13
28.2 42.
31.6 42.
39.7 51.
33.1 52.
40.8 54.
41.9 56.
42.1 58.
45.4 57.
48.2 61.
50.8 65.
52.7 67.
61.5 76.
59.7 74.
59.7 74.
55.2 70.
59.1 74.
59.2 74.
59.1 74.
3 33.2
8 35.8
6 44.3
2 44.1
6 46.0
5 47.4
2 48.1
8 50 .3
3 53.4
7 56 .6
5 58.5
4 67.4
5 65.6
5 65.6
6 61.2
8 65.3
7 65.3
8 65.3
59.1 74.8 65.3
60.0 74 .
51.7 72.
7 65.8
0 59.2
49.5 63 . 1 54.8
48 .9 63.
47.5 63.
46.4 62.
.2 54.4
.5 53.6
.9 52.6
68.2 89.2 76.3
C-l
-------
Table C3
Model Manufacturer Model Name
Year
Appendix C (Continued)
Trucks with the Lowest Fuel Economy by Model Year
Size Class Inertia Drive Trans. Gears Fuel HP
Weight Induct
CID 0-60 Fuel Economy
Time City Hwy 55/45
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
,994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
Ford
GM
Toyota
GM
Ford
GM
Chrysler
GM
Ford
Chrysler
Ford
Chrysler
Chrysler
Chrysler
Chrysler
GM
Chrysler
Chrysler
GM
Chrysler
Chrysler
Chrysler
Chrysler
Ford
Ford
Chrysler
F 250
P20
Land Cruiser
C20 Suburban
Pickup
Cab Chassis
B250 Van
G35 Sport van
E250 Econoline
B350 Wagon
E250 Econoline
B350 Wagon
A150 Ramcharger
D100 Pickup
B350 Wagon
C1500 Pickup
W250 Pickup
W250 Pickup
C1500 Pickup
B150 Wagon
B3500 Wagon
Ram 1500 P ickup
B3500 Wagon
E250 Econoline
F250 Pickup
Ram 1500 Pickup
Large
Pickup
Midsize Van
Midsize SUV
Large
Large
Large
SUV
Pickup
Pickup
Midsize Van
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Midsize SUV
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Pickup
Van
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Midsize Van
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Van
Pickup
Van
Van
Pickup
Pickup
5000
6500
4500
5500
5500
6000
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5000
4000
5500
4500
5500
5000
4500
5500
5500
5500
5500
6000
5500
6000
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
4wd
Rear
Rear
Rear
4wd
4wd
Rear
Rear
Rear
4wd
Rear
Rear
Rear
4wd
Auto
Auto
Auto
Auto
'Auto
Lockup
Auto
Lockup
Auto
Auto
Auto
Auto
Auto
Lockup
Auto
Auto
Auto
Auto
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
' 3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
Carb
Garb
Carb
Carb
Carb
Carb
Carb
Carb
Carb
Carb
Carb
Carb
Carb
TBI
TBI
TBI
TBI
TBI
TBI
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
150
245
125
185
270
155
170
165
143
175
154
170
175
122
145
230
190
203
25=;
23.
230
230
230
235
190
230
360
454
258
454
460
350
360
350
351
360
351
360
360
239
360
454
360
360
454
36*
360
360
360
330
330
318
15
13
16
14
10
16
15
15
16
14
16 .
15
13
15
17
10
13
12
9
12
12
12
12
12
13
12
8
8
w
8
9
9
10
10
10
9
'10
10
10
16
11
10
10
10
10
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
.4
.1
.2
.9
.0
.0
.0
.6
.9
.7
.6
.9
.3
.3
.0
.6
.4
.3
.7
.7
.5
.2
.1
.6
.5
.8
10
10
11
10
9
11
12
13
13
13
12
14
14
22
14
14.
16.
16.
15.
18.
18.
19.
18.
17.
19,
20.
.0
.9
.4
.4
.9
.3
.9
.9
.9
. 7
.3
.4
.4
.8
.1
.1
.1
. 7
.8
2
.7
.5
.8
p 9
,0
.4
9.0
9.2
9.4
9.5
9.4
9.9
11.1
11.9
12.1
11 .2
11 .3
12.2
11.8
18.7
12.2
11.9
12.4
12 .5
12 .5
14.7
14 .7
14 .7
14 .4
14.5
14.8
15.4
Table C4
Model Manufacturer Model Name
Year
Trucks with the Highest Fuel Economy by Model Year
Size Class
Inertia Drive Trans. Gears Fuel HP
Weight Induct
CID 0-60 Fuel Economy
Time City Hwy 55/45
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996.
1997
1998
1999
2000
Nissan
Ford
Mazda
Ford
Mazda
Isuzu
Isuzu
VW
vw
Isuzu
Isuzu
Isuzu
Isuzu
Suzuki
Suzuki
Suzuki
Suzuki
Suzuki
Suzuki
Suzuki
Suzuki
GM
GM
Suzuki
Suzuki
Suzuki
Pickup
Courier
B1800 Pickup
Courie.-
B2000
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
P'UP Pickup
• P'UP Pickup
P'UP Pickup
P'UP Pickup
Samari
Sidekick
Samari
Samari
Samari
Samari
Samari
Samari
Sonoma
Sonoma
X 90
Vitara
Vitara
Small Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Small Pickup
Small Pickup
Small Pickup
Small Pickup
Small Pickup
Small Pickup
Small Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Midsize Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
2750
3000
3000
3000
3000
2250
2250
2250
2250
2750
2750
2750
3000
2250
2250
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
3000
3000
2750
2750
2750
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Front
Front
Front
Front
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
4wd
4wd
4wd
Rear
Rear
Rear
4wd
4wd
Rear
Rear
4wd
Rear
Rear
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
5
5
5
4
4
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
Carb
Carb
Carb
Carb
Carb
Diesel
Diesel
Diesel
Diesel
Diesel
Diesel
Diesel
Diesel
Carb
Carb
TBI
TBI
TBI
TBI
TBI
TBI
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
107
65
67
67
72
48
52
52
52
62
62
62
60
64
64
66
66
66
66
66
66
118
118
95
97
97
119
109
110
110
120
90
97
97
97
137
137
137
137
81
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
134
134
97
97
97
12
19
18
18
17
19
18
18
18
18
18
18
20
15
15
16
16
16
16
16
16
12
12
13
13
13
20
23
27
29
26
39
37
40
42
38
38
38
38
30
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
26
26
27
28
28
.4
.5
.8
.2
.7
.9
.2
.7
.0
4
.4
.4
.4
.6.
.0
.2
.3
.2
.2
.2
.3
.6
.6
.6
.0
.0
31.
33.
39.
38,
36.
53,
50 .
48.
49.
49,
49.
49,
49,
37,
36,
36
36,
36
36,
36
36
39
39
35
35
35
.7
,3
,8
.4
.8
.3
.8
,0
.6
.1
.1
.1
.8
.3
.9
.8
.7
.8
.8
.8
.8
.8
.8
.9
.8
.9
24 ,
27,
32,
32,
30,
45,
42,
43.
45,
42.
42
42,
42,
33.
33
33
33
33
33
33,
33
31
31
30
31
31
.3
.0
.2
.7
.5
.0
.3
.7
.1
.6
.6
.6
.8
.3
.4
.5
.5
.5
.5
.5
.6
.3
.3
.8
.1
.1
C-2
-------
TABLE D-l
Appendix D
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 CARS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000) FRAC
8237 .806
9722
11300 .
11175 .
10794 .
9443
8733
7819 .
8002 .
10675
10791
11015 .
10731 .
10736 .
10018
8810 .
8524
8108
8456 .
8414
9396 .
7890 .
8335 .
7968
8608
8633 .
OF CARS
788
800
773
778
835
827
803
777
761
746
717
722
702
693
698
678
666
640
602.
620
600
577
552
542
539
=
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
6.5 .
5.8-
6.8
9.6
11.9
29.7
37.0
45.6
47.3
53.7
61.6
71.1
77.0
81.7
82.5
84.6
83 .2
80.8
85.1
84.4
82.0
86.5
86.5
87.0
85.6
84.4
4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
.3
.9
.7
.8
3.1
1.0
2.1
1.1
1.1
.8
1.0
1.0
1.4
1.1
1.2
.4
1.2
1.5
1.7
2.3
2 .4
2 .8
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
13.7 19.5 15.8
15
16
17
17
20
21
22
22
22
23
23
23
24,
23.
23.
23.
23,
23 .
23
23.
23.
23 .
23 .
23.
.23.
.2 21.
. 0 22.
.2 24.
.7 24.
.3 29.
.7 31.
.3 32.
. 1 32.
.4 33 .
.0 34.
.7 35.
.9 35.
.2 36.
.8 36.
.4 36.
.6 36.
.1 36.
.6 37.
. 36.
,6 37.
.5 37.
.7 37.
,7 37.
.4 37.
,3 37.
,3 17.5
,3 18. J
.5 19.9
6 20.3
0 23.. 5
1 25.1
7 26.0
7 25.9
3 26.3
3 27.0
5 27.9
9 28.1
6 28.6
3 28.1
0 27.8
3 28.0
3 27.6
0 28.2
9 28.1
6 28.3
6 28.3
7 28.4
9 28.5
4 28.2
4 28.1
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
19.9
17.1
16.8
20.2
22.3
31.9
30.4
29.7
26.5
24.1
22.8
24.8
24.9
24.3
21.0
19.6
20.5
17.4
17.8
16.7
16.3
14 .9
13.5
12.3
13.7
14.0
LOCK
.0
.0
. -0 ,
6.7
8.0
16.5
33.3
51.4
56.7
58.3
58.7 ,
58.0
59.5
66.1
69.3
72.9
73.5
76.4
76.9
79.3
81.9
83.6
85.8
87.4
85.8
85.3
WGHT
LB
4057
4059
3943
3587
3485
3101
3076
3054
3112
3098
3093
3041
3031
3046
3099
3176
3154
3240
3207
3249
3263
3282
3274
3307
3366
3386
FUEL
FI
5.1
3.2
4.2
5.1
4.7
6.9
8.8,
17.0
28.3
39.4
53.5
65.1
73.0
83.7
90.2
98.6
99.8
99.9
100.0
100.0
99.9
99". 9
99.9
99.8
99.6
99.8
VOL
CU-FT
110.4
109.0
108.9
104.2
106.5
106.1
108.7
107.5
108.1
107.3
106.6
107.0
107.7
107.1
106.8
108.4
108.4
108.2
108.7
109.0
108.7
108.6
109.2
109.8
ENGINE
CID HP
288 136
286
279
251
238
188
182
175
182
179
177
167 -
,162
160
163
163
163
170
166
168
167
165
164
164
167
167
133
133
124
119
100
9.9
99
104
106
111
111
112,
116
121
128
132
140
138
143
152
154
156
159
165
169
0-60
TIME
14.2
14.4
14.0
13.7
13.8
14.3
-14.4
14.4
14.0
13.8
13.3
13.2
13.0
12.8
12.5
12.1
11.8
11.5
11.6
11.4
10.9
10.8
10.7
10.6
10.5
10.3
METERING
TBI
.0
.0,
.0
.0
.0
.7
2.6
9.8
18.9
24.4
32.0
28.4
30.5
30.0
27.8
21.1
21.8
10.4
8.4
5.1
1.2
1.1
.8
.1
.1
.1
PORT
5.1
3.2
4.2
5.1
4.7
6.2
6.1
7.2
9.5
15.0
21.4
36.7
42.5
53.7
62.4
77.5
78.0
89.5
91.6
94.9
98.8
98.8
99.1
99.7
99.5
99.6
CARB
94.6
96.6
95.3
94.0
£.3.2
88.7
85.3
78.4
69.6
58.9
45.6
34.5
26.8
16.3
9.7
1-4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.2
.3
.5
.9
2 .1
4.4
5.9
4.7
2.1
1.7
.9
.3
.3
.0
.0
.0
.1
.1
.0
.0
.1
.1
.1
.2
.4
.2
TOP
SPD
111
110
111
111
110
107
106
106 ,
108
109
111
111
112
113
115
117
118
120
120
121
125
125
126
127
128 1
130 1
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.6
5.6
10 .4
12.8
25.7
28.2
29.7
32.8
38.9
52 .1
56.2
57.4
60.6
61.2
59.7
HP/
CID
.515
.502
.516
.538
.545
.583
.594
.609
.615'
.637
.671
.701
.732
.759
.783
.829
.851
.868
.865
.884
.945
.958
.974
.993
.008
.034
HP/
WT
.0331
.0324
.0335
.0342
.0338
.0322
.0320
.0320
.0330
.0339
.0355
.0360
.0365
.0375
.0387
.0401
.0413
.0428
.0425
.0432
.0460
.0464
.0469
.0475
.0483
.0495
TON
-MPG
32.3
35.5
36.4
35.9
35.4
36.6
38.9
40.1
40.7
41.1
42.0
42.6
42.8
43.7
43.8
44.2
44.3
44.9
45.4
«j. 7
46.4
46.5
46.7
47.3
47.6
47.7
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
2091
2240
2258
2507
2744
2836
2904
2910
2990
3057
3051
3119
3080
3014
3040
3040
3107
3086
3130
3124
3127
3138
3119
3123
4021
3926
3878
3841
4161
4273
4426
4425
4548
4585
4569
4693
4723
4746
4746
4877
4930
4956
5045
5077
5076
5146
5208
5252
DESIGNED
DOM EUR ASIA
81
84.
82,
80,
80.
71.
71,
70.
71.
75,
72,
68,
61,
61.
61.
56.
56.
53.
60.
55.
58.
57.
55
55.
53
49
.6 8.
.9 5.
.1 5.
.2 6.
.4 5.
.2 8.
.7 6.
.4 6.
.0 5.
.9 6.
.3 6.
.2 6.
.6 6.
.2 6.
.9 5.
.8 5.
.2 4.
.3 4.
.4 3.
.7 4.
.5 5.
.8 5.
.1 6,
.1 7.
.5- 10.
.4 13.
,2 10.
,4 9.
.5 12.
.3 13.
6 14.
.4 20.
.0 22.
.3 23.
5 23.
.0 18.
,2 21.
,6 25.
,9 31.
.3 32.
,5 32.
.0 38.
,6 39.
,1 37.
.4 36.
.0 40.
.4 36.
.1 37.
.5 38.
.9 ' 37.
.3 36.
.9 36.
3
7
2
5
0
4
3
3
5
1
6
1
5
5
6
2
2
7
2
3
1
0
4'
0
2
7
D-l
-------
TABLE D-2
Appendix D (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 VANS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
457
502
514
625
480
242
245
310
383
676
855
1044
1114
1133
1278
1262
1033
1221
1441
1395
1662
1409
1244
1488
1531
1471
FUEL
FRAC
.045
.041
.036
.043
.035
.021
.023
.032
.037
.048
.059
.068
.075
.074
.088
' .100
.082
.100
.10°
.lOv,
.110
.107
.086
.103
.096
.092
CITY
11
12
13
12
12
14
15
15
15
16
17
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
19
18
18
.7
.3
.3
.9
.3
.7
.5
.4
.6
.7
.2
.0
.1
.2
.2
.2
.4
.4
.6
.3
.5
.8
.6
.1
.5
.9
ECONOMY
HWY
15
16
17
T o
15
19
20
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
26
26
26
27
27
27
28
28
28
29
28
29
.2
.4
.0
.2
.5
.7
.6
.4
.2
.8
.2
.9
.6
.4
.3
.7
.8
.0
.8
.3
.0
.6
.4
.6
.9
.3
55/45
13
13
14
14
13
16
17
17
17
18
19
20
20
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
22
22
22
22
22
.1
.9
.7
.2
.5
.6
.5
.3
.7
.9
,5
.6
.9
.2
.1
.2
.4
.5
.9
.5
.8
.2
.0
.7
.1
.5
WGHT
LB
4196
4200
4252
4249
4541
4353
4324,
4342
4414
4075
3975
3998
3972
4053
4057
4095
4132
4151
4105
4155
4109
4195
4244
4183
4324
4325
ENGINE
CID
317
324
332
329
322
288
284
287
294
249
236
228
226
229
225
225
219
222
218
226
231
220
220
217
225
222
HP
143
146
152
149
144
130
129
132
136
126
129'
127
142
147
146
149
148
152
155
159
159
170
174
180
185
185
0-SO
TIME
13
13
13
13
14
15
15
15
15
14
14
14
13
13
13
13
13
12
12
12
12
11
11
11
11
11
.9
.7
.3
.4
.6
.2
.3
.2
.0
.9
.3
.5
.3
.0
.1
.0
.1
.9
.6
.5
.3
.8
.8
.3
.3
.3
TOP
SPD
113
114
116
115
111
108
108
109
109
108
110
109
114
116
115
116
115
116
118
119
119
122
122
125
125
125
HP/
CID
.448
.447
.458
.453
.451
.459
.458
.463
.466
.538
.578
.588
.657
.671
.680
.682
.701
..705
.730
.721
.708
.790
.800
.840
.836
.849
HP/
WT
.0341
.0347
.0359
.0351
.0317
.0299
.0298
.0303
.0307
.0307
.0322
.0317
.0356'
.0363
.0360
.0363
.0359
.0366
.0378
.0383
.0387
.0408
.0409
.0431
.0427
.0429
TON
-MPG
28.1
29.7
31.7
30.8
31.3
36.4
38.0
38 .0
39.7
39.3
39.3
41.5
41.7
43.2
43.2
43.8
44 .5
44 .8
45.0
44.9
45.0
-5.5
46.9
47.7
47.9
48.8
PERCENT OF VANS:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.3
.0
.2
22.3
30.4
24.4
27.5
36.3
34.4
46.8
38.2
45.4
49.8
53.1
61.3
73.8
64.2
78.3
75.2
75.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.3
1.3
1.9
.8
.7
6.6
10.9
5.5
4.5
6.5
9.1
2.3
4.8
3.2
2.5
3.8
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
23.3
20.5
14.3
13.0
14.8
26.0
21.9
15.7
12.0
15.5
10.0
8.5
6.6
3.7
2.9
1.5
1.3
1.6
1.2
.5
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
6.8
39.0
46.6
45.8
59.3
45.6
47.4
60.1
67.6
78.7
• 76.5
93.5
96.5
96.4
97.2
97.4
98.2
98.4
99.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT
.2
.3
.4
.4
1.3
6.5
4.6
3.0
3.5
9.8
9.3
38.1
76.0
99.7
99.9
99.9
99.9
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
,0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
16.3
30.2
42.8
41.8
41.9
36.6
28.1
21.0
19.1
12.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
21.8
45.8
56.9
58.1
58.1
63.3
71.9
79.0
80.9
87.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
CARB
99.
99.
99.
99.
98.
93.
95.
95.
92.
89
90
61
23
8
7
6
6
2
5
.4
.2
.0
.0
.4
.5
.9
.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
DSL VALVE
.0.
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.8
4.5
1.2
.3
.4
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0.
.0
.0
.6
1.4
3.6
4.7
5.3
10.4
13.9
20.3
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
99.6
99.7
99.6
99.6
98.2
93 .5
95.4
95.2
96.4
88.1
89 .1
90.2
88 .7
95.1
94 .6
93 . 8
86.1
89.6
85.6
88.6
86,2
89.3
87.4
91.2
84.1
76.7
.4
.3
.4
.4
1.8
6.5
4.6
4 .8
3 .6
11.9
10 .9
9.8
11 .3
4 .9
5 .4
6 . 2
13.9
10.4
14.4
11.4
13.8
10.7
12.6
8 .8
15.9
23.3
D-2
-------
TABLE D-3
Appendix D (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 SUVs
MODEL SALES FUEL ECONOMY
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
197
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
(000) FRAC CITY HWY 55/45
187 .018 11
243 .020 12
283 .020 13
380 .026 12
400 .029 11
185 .016 13
136 .013 14
162 .017 15
289 .028 16
625 .045 16
735 .051 17
774 .050 17
873 .059 17
968 ..063 17
926 .064 17
708 .056 17
1095 .087 17
1003 .082 17
1311 .099 17
1585 .1-13 16
1816 .120 16
1889 .144 17
2467 .171 17
2575 .178 17
2820 .178 17
3221 .201 17
OF SUVS:
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
.0 84.1
.0 85.3
.0 82.5
.0 88.5
.0 69.3
.0 88.8
.0 90.4
.0 79.5
.0 80.7
.0 85.0
.0 80.4
.0 86.1
.0 83 .9
.0 83.7
.0 82.6
.0 83.9
.0 76.6
.0 72.3
.0 59.6
.0 76.1
.0 79.2
1.0 71.1
2.1 71.1
1.8 71.2
2.2 72.1
1.8 71.8
.8 14.
.3 16.
.5 17.
.9 16.
.6 14.
.9 18.
.9 19.
.6 21.
.6 23.
.8 23.
.1 24.
.6 24.
.8 25.
.7 25.
.3 24.
.1 24.
.5 25.
.1. 24.
.0 25.
.9 24.
.8 24.
.0 25.
.3 25.
.1 25.
.2 25.
.1 25.
9 13.0
1 13.8
5 15.1
9 14.4
0 12.6
1 15.5
9 16.8
0 17.6
3 19.1
5 19.3
7 19.8
7 20.2
6 20.6
3 20.4
7 20.0
6 19.8
4 20.3
8 19.9
0 19.9
6 19.7
5 19.6
4 20.0
3 20. .1
4 20.1
2 20.0
2 20.0
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
41.4
33.9
35.9
34.3
33 .3
43 .5
40.9
29.8
32.1
29.3
27.9
37.3
36.8
33.4
26.1
29.7
21.9
22.4
16.2
15 .5
15.3
7.5
11.6
8 .2
7.7
8.9
LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.6
26.2
41.1
42.2
51.2
42.9
60.1
55.8
54 .7
59.5
66.4
66.5
76.7
76.9
83.2
82.9
84.7
92.5
87.5
91.8
92.3
91.1
WGHT
LB
4202
4312
4232
4270
4509
4236
4208
4349
4137
3999
4018
3921
3840
3859
4017
4045
4070
4085
4157
4225
4255
4283
4325
4340
4399
4456
FUEL
FI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
5.4
49.6
74.8
84.1
93.5
94.5
99.3
99.7
99.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
ENGINE
CID
328
335
332
339
331
294
290
294
253
227
216
207
209
219
242
232
229
229
242
22 ,
241
252
245
246
245
245
HP
146
141
143
149
143
131
131
129
124
120
122
127
136
144
155
154
158
165
179
178
176
185
186
188
196
200'
0-60
TIME
13.3
14 .0
13 .6
13.2
14.4
14.7
14.4
15.0
15.0
15.0
15.0
14.1
13.3
12.8
12.4
12,5
12.3
12.0
11.4
11.5
11.7
11.3
11.3
11.3
11.0
11.0
TOP
SPD
115
112
113
114
111
109
109
108
108
107
107
110
114
116
119
118
119
121
125
124
123
126
125
126
128
128
METERING
TBI
.0
.0
.0
. 1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
25.7
41.8
36.7
47.4
37.3
39.8
26.6
14.1
13.4
14.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
PORT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
23.9
33.0
47.4
46.1
57.3
59.6
73.1
85.7
86.6
85.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
CARB
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.8
97.7
100.0
84.7
93.3
97.7
93.1
48.9
24 .8
15.6
6.3
5.2
.5
.3
.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
,0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2
2.3
.0
15.3
6.7
2.3
1.5
1.5
.4
.3
.3
.3
.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
HP/
CID
.442
.417
.431
.437
.439
.453
.460 '
.453
.520
.560
.590
.657
.686
.686
.666
.696
.703
.737
.754
.761
.755
.753
.782
.789
.832
.840
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
-0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
6.7
15.6
16.4
24.1
21.8
25.9
25.3
HP/
WT
.0357
.0331
.0343
.0351
.0322
.0307
,0315
.0303
.0303
.0301
.0301
.0325
.0355
.0373
.0388
.0384
.0389
.0408
.0434
.0424
.0417
.0434
.0430
.0433
.0445
.0448
TON
-MPG
27.1
29.6
31.8
30.6
28.3
32.9
35.4
39.2
40.1
39.1
40.3
39.9
39.7
39.5
40.3
40.0
41.4
40.6
41.3
41.6
41.7
42.9
43 .5
43.7
44.1
44.5
DESIGNED
DOM
96.6
96.5
94.4
95.9
98.7
97.3
98.1
96.2
96.7
95. .5
93 .7
80.7
75.8
75.3
81.2
67.6
78.2
76.8
82.5
77.5
71.8
79.2
70.5
72.8
68.4
68.6
IMPORT
3.4
3.5
5.6
4.1
1.3
2.7
1.9
3.8
3.3
4.5
6.3
19.3
24.2
24.7
18.8
32.4
21.8
23.2
17.5
22.5
28.2
20.8
29.5
27.2
31.6
31.4
D-3
-------
TABLE D-4
Appendix D (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 PICKUP TRUCKS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
1343
1866
2026
2267
2207
1437
1440
1441
1628
2043
2078
2532
2146
2459
2231
1834
1920
1840
2002
2591
2271
1955
2406
2413
2925
2689
FRAC
.131
.151
.143
.157
.159
.127
.136
.148
.158
.146
.144
.165
.144
.161
.154
.145
.153
.151
.152
.^85
.150
.149
.166
.167
.184
.168
FUEL
CITY
12.3
13.0
14.3
14.2
14.1
17.2
18.6
19.2
19.5
18.8
18.8
19.5
19.7
18.7
18.4
17.9
18.7
17.9
18.1
18.0
17.5
17.7
17.4
17.6
17.2
17.1
ECONOMY
HWY
16.8
17.2
18.5
18.0
17.8
23.0
25.1
26.0
26.7
25.9
25.7
26.8
27.4
26.4
26.0
25.8
27.1
26.4
26.6
26.4
25.7
26.3
26.0
26.4
25.2
25.4
55/45
14.0
14.6
16.0
15.7
15.5
19.4
21.0
21.7
22.2
21.5
21.4
22.2
22.5
21.5
21.2
20.7
21.7
20.9
21.1
21.0
20.4
20.8
20.4
20.7
20.0
20.1
WGHT
LB
4012
4122
4092
4104
4142
3740
3679
3629
3544
3619
3642
3574
3526
3737
3803
3928
3779
3976
3996
4057
4182
4190
4415
4282
4331
4463
ENGINE
CID
306
316
312
306
287
236
237
228
212
215
221
206
202
229
236
246
232
244
244
24 ;
256
251
264
252
252
265
HP
141
139
146
144
'136
118
115
116
112
114
123
120
123
138
143
151
146
151
156
163
167
178
195
190
195
207
0-60
TIME
13.5
13.9
13.3
13.4
14.2
14.4
14.5
14.3
14.4
14.5
13.7
13.7
13.4
12.9
,12.7
12.4
12.4
12.5
12.2
12.0
12.0
11.5
11.1
11.2
11.0
10.8
TOP
SPD
114
112
115
114
111
108
108
109
108
108
110
110
112
115
116
118
117
117
119
120
121
124
127
127
128
130
HP/
CID
.491
.466
.496
.496
.502
.549
.521
.545
.566
.563
.588
.623
.639
.627
.633
.647
.658
.644
.c«6
. <- ~ 0
.687
.737
.756
.773
.785
.793
HP/
WT
.0351
.0339
.0357
.0350
.0327
.0315
.0313
.0322
.0317
.0314
.0336
.0336
.0347
.0365
.0373
.0384
.0385
.0379
.0390
.v/399
.0399
.0422'
.0439
.0439
.0446
.0460
TON
-MPG
28.8
~ r- 1
33.4
33.1
32.9
36.7
39.3
40.1
40.0
39.4
39.6
40.1
40.1
40.5
40.5
41.1
41.4
41.8
42.4
43 .0
43.1
43 .9
45.3
44 .6
43.5
44.9
PERCENT OF PICKUP TRUCKS:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
.0 13.5
.0 20.9
.0
.0
.0
1.8
2.3
2.2
1.9
.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 .
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
21.4
27.0
12.6
21.1
16.8
17.7
22.1
24.7
25.4
25.2
25.5
28.4
28.9
27.9
24.8
26.3
27.6
30.2
33.0
29.3
34.7
34.9
41.3
37.6
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
41.1 .0
38.8 .0
35,
37,
39
58
57
53
56
54
51
58
58
51
52
45
52
47
43
40
39
34
25
27
26
21
.9
.4
.9
.8
.7
.9
.3
.9
.6
.4
.5
.0
.4
.8
.2
.1
.9
.4
.6
.7
.3
.4
.0
.1
.0
.0
1.3
21.9
27.5
29.5
28.0
29.3
33.7
30.4
28.9
38.8
41.5
49.8
46.4
52.1
55.3
58.6
59.5
64.0
74.7
71.1
73.0
78.1
FUEL METERING
FI ' TBI PORT GARB
.0 .0 .0 100 .0
.0 .0 .0 100 .0
' 1,
1
15
38
58
83
89
93
96
96
97
99
,100
99
99
100
100
100
.0
.0
.0
.0
.6
.2
.1
.0
.9
.8
.9
.7
.9
.8
.7
.6
.9
.2
.0
.8
.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.3
17.6
32.0
48.3
51.1
41.4
48.7
38.6
36.7
30.6
30.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
21.2
26.9
35.4
38.8
52.4
47.9
58.0
61.2
68.6
69.5
99.8
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.8
37.5
94.8
92.3
89.5
95.5
96.3
82.8
60.6
40.8
16.1
10.0
6.0
3.2
3.2
2.1
.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
DSL VALVE
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0
1.2
2.5
4.2
7.1
10.3
4 .4
2.7
1.2
.6
.3
.2
.2
.2
.2
.1
.0
.0
.0
.2
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
5.5
8.7
1.3
11.2
9.1
10.6
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
83.9 16.1
87.8 12.2
84.9
85 .0
79.2
61.7
65.5
69.9
71.0
68.7
71.6
58.9
62.4
76.8
75.0
75.9
77.1
80.3
80.6
84.2
84.2
86.7
93.3
88.8
84 .0
87.7
15.1
15.0
20.8
38.3
34.5
30.1
29.0
31.2
28.4
41.1
37.6
23.2
25.0
24.1
22.9
19.7
19 .4
15.8
15.8
13.3
6.7
11.2
16 .0
12.3
D-4
-------
Appendix E
Table E-l
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 SMALL CARS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
4088
5041
5481
4630
4405
4825
4077
4039
3718
5666
5519
6203
6453
6706
5677
4999
5032
4440
4537
4720
5190
4197
4443
3835
3998
3885
FRAC
.400
.409
.388
.320
.317
.427
.386
.415
.361
.404
.382
.404
.434
.438
.393
.396
.400
.365
.343
.337
.343
.319
.307
.266
.252
.243
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
16.0
17.4
18.2
20.2
20.3
22.7
24.9
25.1
25.4
25.3
25.6
25.8
25.8
26.2
26.0
25.6
25.7
25.5
26.0
25.7
25.9
25.9
26.1
26.0
25.5
25.2
22.4
24.1
25.0
28.3
28.4
31.8
34.5
36.0
36.7
36.8
37.2
37.5
37.6
38.0
37.8
37.3
37.8
38.2
38.9
39.1
39.8
40.0
40.0
40.3
39.6
39.4
18.3
19.9
20.7
23.2
23.3
26.1
28.5
29.1
29.4
29.4
29.8
30.0
30.1
30.5
30.2
29.8
30.0
30.0
30.5
30.4
30.7
30.8
30. .9
30.9
30.4
30.3
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
3440
3474
3486
3029 '
2936
2717
2648
2684
2734
2776
2771
2791
2803
2818
2841
2897
2885
2921
2903
2965
'2988
2977
2977
3013
3079
3084
95.4
90.9
89.2
90.0
91.6
92.2
95.1
95.2
96.0
96.7
96.9
98.5
98.3
97.6
97.6
97.9
98.3
98.7
99.6
99.9
99.2
98.8
98.9
99.0
ENGINE
CID HP
224
226
224
177
166
137
129
131
137
140
138
137
134
133
131
131
131
134
133
137
137
136
133
137
141
140
113
110
114
100
98
86
85
87
.91
95
100
101
102
105
108
116
117
123
122
126
134
134
133
138
144
146
0-60
TIME
14.5
14.9
14.3
14.2
14.2
14.5
14.4
14.4
14.1
13.8
13.3
13.3
13.3
13.1
12.8
12.2
12.1
11.8
11.8
11.7
11.2
11.1
11.2
11.0
10.8
10.7
TOP
SPD
108
107
108,
107
107
104
105
105
106
108
110
110
110
111
112
115
115
117
117
118
121
121
121
122
124
125
HP/
CID
.554
.537
.567
.625,
.641
.658
.680
.682
.693
.706
.746
.754
.776
.806
.844
.906
.919
.943
.933
,.943
1.002
1.008
1.016
1.Q28
1.034
1.057
HP/
WT .
.0323
.0312
.0323
.0325
.0326
.0314
.0318
.0318
.0328
.0339
.0356
.0354
.0356
.0366
.0374
.0395
.0400
.0415
.0415
0418
.o44j
.0445
.0442
.0452
.0460
.0468
TON
-MPG
31.9
34.8
36.4
35.6
34.6
35.8
38.2
39.6
40.8
41.4
41.8
42.4
42.5
43 .3
43 .3
43.5
43.7
44.2
44.6
45.4
46.2
46.1
46.2
46.9
47.1
46.9
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
2018
2233
2187
2439
2715
2786
2927
2908
2970
3008
2997
3086
3051
2977
3012
3018
3076
3081
3137
3145
3122
3127
3081
3069
3489
3248
3099
3233
3509
3662
3900
3945
4019
4103
4120
4266
4255
4248
4271
4327
4388
4487
4605
4610
4586
4639
4672
4658
PERCENT OF SMALL CARS:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD ' MANUAL LOCK
10.0
8.8
11.0
19.9
24.4
37.8
48.1
56.2
61.6
63.2
70.9
74 .5
80.7
85 .2
86.3
89.0
87.1
88.6
90.2
88.4
86.1
89.6
89.6
86.1
85.0
84.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.1 -
.7
.7
1.0
.6
.2
.5
.4
.5
1.0
.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
.3
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.5
33 .9
29.2
30.3
42 .6
48.5
52.8
54.0
'50 .8
48.6
, 41.1
39.8
40.0
38.7
36.0
33.8
31.7
32.1
29.4
30.0
27.7
26.8
24.5
22.7
22.1
24.5
26.0
.0
.0
.0
5.2
.0
4.1
7.8
26.7
33.7
37.6
37.8
41.7
44.7
51.6 •
51.8
56.9
59.0
60.3
61.2
65.7
70.4
73.1
76.0
77.2
74.6
72 .7
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT
9.4
5.0
7.5
10.3
9.4
11.1
12.2
19.6
35.0
45.6
55.6
62.6
66.3
78.6
84.8
98.2
99.8
99.9
100.0
100.0
99.9
100.0
100.0
99.7
99.3
99.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
6.6
16.1
20.2
27.6
25.9
29.1
33 .1
'32.6
28.3
27.5
12.7
10.3
7.3
1.6
2.1
1.5
.3
.2
.3
9.4
5.0
7.5
10.3
9.4
11.1
12.2
13.0
18.9
25.4
28.0
36.7
37.2
45.5
52.1
69.9
72.2
87.2
89.7
92.7
98.3
97.9
98.5
, 99.4
99.0
99.2
CARB
90.1
94.5
91.6
88.2
88.3
85.1
82.7
76.4
62.7
52.3
43 .0
37.0
33.5
21.4
15.1
1.8
.1
.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
DSL VALVE
.5
.5
.9
1.5
2.2
3 .7
5.1
4.0
2.4
2.2
1.4
.4
.2
.0
.1
.1 .
.2
.1
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.3
.7
.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
2.7
8.2
15.7
21.0
40.6
43.3
42.5
43.0
49.6
65.2
65.7
67.6
67.6
63.3
61.2
DESIGNED
DOM EUR
71.3
74 .8
68.3
57.8
57.6
49.6
46.0
48.7
48.0
60.5
54 .4
50.1
42.4
45.8
43.1
36.0
36.8
39.5
43.7
39.1
45.4
45.3
40.8
48.6
46.6
42 .4
14.3
9.7
10.4
14.1
12.7
15.3
11.9
11.3
10.6
9.1
9.5
8.9
8.9
6.6
6.3
5.5
5.1
5.0
3.7
4.6
6.7
6.2
7.5
9.8
13.6
17.7
ASIA
14.4
15.6
21.4
28.2
29.7
35.1
42.2
40.0
41.4
30.4
36.1
41.0
48.6
47.6
50.6
58.6
58.1
55.5
52.6
56.4
47.9
48.5
51.6
41.6
39.8
39.9
E-l
-------
Table E-2
Appendix E (continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 MID-SIZE CARS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
1631
1964
2226
3339
3211
2987
2902
2136
2269
2770
2777
2666
2252
2113
2591
2342
2114
2120
2330
2057
2515
2359
2399
2970
3168
2775
FRAG
.160
.159
.158
.231
.231
.264
.275
.219
.220
.198
.192
.174
.152
.138
.179
.186
.168
.174
.176
.147
.166
.179
.166
.206
.199
.173
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
11
13
14
16
16
18
19
20
20
20
21
21
22
22
22
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
22
22
22
.7
.6
.3
.0
.7
.6
.8
.5
.4
.5
.2
.9
.0
.3
.2
.7
.6
.3
.6
.5
.9
.9
.4
.4
.4
16.9
19.4
20.2
23.0
23.2
26.9
28.6
30.5
30.3
30.6
31.9
33.4
33.6
35.1
35.3
35.1
34.8
34.7
35.1
34.7
35.5
35.6
35.9
36.5
36.4
36.3
13.6
15.7
lb 4
18.6
19.1
21.6
22.9
24.0
23.9
24.1
24.9
25.9
26.0
26.7
26.6
26.2
26.0
25.8
.26.1
25.9
26.1
26.5
26.5
27.1
27.1
27.1
WGHT
LB
4630
4558
4473
3820
3710
3362
3346
3321
3316
3318
3318
3241
3247
3293
3314
3450
3412
3515
3515
3529
3546
3527
3551
3534
3546
3558
VOL
CU-FT
112.
113.
113.
113.
113.
113.
113.
113.
113.
113,
113,
113,
113
113
113
113
113
113
114
114
114
114
113
113
,9
,0
,1
,2
,9
.9
.8
.7
.6
.8
.7
.4
.6
.7
.5
.9
.9
.5
.3
.1
.5
.0 .
.9
.6
ENGINE
CID HP
353
343
332
292
272
228
220
211
212
210
205
194
188
183
181
187
191
191
192
189
189
181
184
177
175
174
158
156
151
135
128
113
107
107
111
113
,117
118
123
129
131
140
146
151
153
155
166
162
170
169
172
182
0-60
TIME
13.9
13.8
13.9
13.4
13.6
13.8
14.2
14.2
13.8
13.6
13.3
13.0
12.7
12.3
12.2
12.0
11.5
11.5
11.4
ll.i
1C. 7
10.9
10.6
10.5
10.5
10.0
TOP
SPD
115
114
114
113
112
109
108
108
109
110
112
113
114
116
117
119
121
122
123
123
127
126
128
128
129
132
HP/
CID
.447
.454
-.454
.464
.474
.512
.509
.529
.544
.563
.606
.640
.684
.718
.735
.758
.773
.801
.812
.827
.889
.906
.933
.965
.994
1.052
HP/
WT
.0340
.0340
.0336
.0353
.0344
.0336
.0322
.0323
.0335
.0341
.0354
.0364
.0378
.0389
.0396
.0406
.0428
.0426
.0433
.0436
.0464
.0458
.0476
.0477
.0484
.0509
TON
-MPG
31
36
37
35
35
36
38
40
39
40
41
42
42
, 44
44
45
44
45
46
'.5
46
46
47
48
48
48
.9
.1
.1
.5
.6
.5
.5
.2
.9
.2
.5
.1
.3
.0
.2
.3
.5
.4
.0
. "7
.3
.7
.2
.1
.3
.4
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON -MPG
1880
2139
2197
2478
2645
2785
2770
2780
2873
2978
2993
3057
3049
3000
2973
2949
2992
2953
2996
3028
3056
3107
3107
3094
41,86
4015
4023
4132
4393
4576
4542
4565
4714
4786
4817
4995
5027
5152
5050
5170
5243
5192
5295
5327
5409
5480
5498
5489
PERCENT OF MID-SIZE CARS:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK '
2.7
2.5
2.1
1.4
5.2
30.2
32.3
44.7
48.9
55.1
61.9
71.0
77.3
87.0
86.5
85.2
87.2
79.1
85.4
84.7
79.6
91.9
90.6
95.2
94.5
91.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.2
.1
.1
.2
.1
.1
.2
.0
.0
.0
.1
.5
1.5
1.4
.6
.4
.3
1.7
1.9
7.8
5.6
2.0
1.2
.9
1.3
1.8
1.5
3.8
4.7
3.9
3.6
2.7
2.3
2.0
2.7
4.3
2.5
3.0
4.6
5.0
•0 .
.0
.0
11.1
21.4
25.3
52.2
82.6
80.0
82.0
77.6
76.4
77.6
91.1
91.7
93.9
94.5
96.6
97.2
97.7
97.2
94.9
97.5
97.0
95.1
94.5
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT
.7
.6
.7
1.4
2.3
2.5
2.4
15.6
17.7
29.4
50.1
67.7
84.1
94.9
99.3
100.0
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.7
99.8
99.9
99.9
100.0
.0
.0
,0
.0
.0
1.5
2.3
15.4
17.2
25.6
37.1
42.3
43.4
28.0
21.0
13.3
11.2
5.3
4.4
4.0
1.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.7
.6
.7
1.4
2.3
1.0
.1
.2
.5
3.8
13.0
25.4
40.7
66.9
78.3
86.6
88.7
94.7
95.6
96.0
98.9
99.7
99.8
99.9
99.9
100.0
CARB
99
99
99
98
96
94
93
80
80
69
49
32
15
5
.3
.4
.3
.6
.3
.9
.7
.7
.6
.7
.6
.1
.5
.1
.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.4
2.5
4.0
3.8
1.7
1.0
.3
.2
.4
.0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.3
.2
.1
.1
.0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0'
.0
.0
.1
.8
5.1
5.3
20.0
27.8
31.4
38.5
47.2
49.9
57.2
64.5
69.3
DESIGNED
DOM EUR
99.3
99.8
99.7
99 .8
99.5
99.5
99.9
99 .8
99.3
97.3
96 .5
95.6
95 .3
87.8
85.6
82.6
82.3
74.3
72.7
70.2
66.5
65.5
63.7
54.5
49.4
37.9
.7
.2
.3
. 2
.5
.5
.1
. 2
.7 ,
2 .7
3 .5
4 .4
4 . 7
, 5.6
3.8
4.1
3 .5
2.3
3.0
3.6
3.8
4.0
6.4
5.9
8.4
12.3
ASIA
.0
. 0
.0
. 0
.0
. 0
.0
. 0
. 0
.0
. 0
.0
. 0
6.5
10.7
13.3
14.1
23.4
24.3
26.2
29.7
30.5
29.9
39.6
42.2
49.8
E-2
-------
Appendix E (continued)
Table E-3
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 LARGE CARS
MODEL SALES
YEAR
1975
1976
1977 .
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975 •
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999 ;
2000
(000) FRAC
1555 .152
1679 .136
2319 .164
2048 .142
2111 .152
963 .085
956 .091
832 .085
1079 .105
1236 .088
1512 .105
1267 .082
1218 .082
1303 .085
1289 .089
1092 .087
1012 .080
1240 .102
1103 .084
1277 .091
1306 .086
1066 .081
1195 .083
912 .063
1160 .073
1648 .103
FUEL
CITY
n
12
13
14
15
16
17
17
.16
17
18
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
20
20
20
.3
.3
.8
.5
.2
.3
.1
.4
.9
.2
.5
.6
.5
.8
.6
.3
.3
.4
.8
.7
c
.8
.9
.1
.1
.8
ECONOMY
HWY 55/45
16.
17.
19.
20.
21.
24.
26.
26.
26.
26.
29.
32.
32.
33.
33 .
32.
32.
33.
33.
33.
34.
33.
34.
34.
33.
35.
2 13.
2 14.
5 15.
9 16.
1 17
1 19.
7 20.
9 20.
4 20.
9 20.
8 22.
7 23 .
8 23.
2 24.
0 24.
8 23.
6 23.
0 23.
4 24.
1 24.
0 24.
9 24.
2 24.
0 24.
8 24.
1 25.
.1
2
9
8
4 •
1
4
7
2
5
3
9
9
2
0
7
6
8
2
1
5
3
5
.6
5
4
WGHT
LB
5142
5156
4482
4394
4210
4130
4108
4034
4041
4022
3841
3719
3696
3730
3721
3799
3893
3872
3831
3858
3831
3894
3821
3784
3870
3792
VOL
CU-FT
128.
128.
130.
130.
131.
131.
131.
130.
129.
127.
127.
128.
127.
126.
129.
129.
128.
128.
127.
127.
127.
127.
127.
125.
1
5
0
9
0
0
3
9
3
4
0
1
4
7
0
6
9
3
9
6
4
4
1
2
ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT
CU-FT-
CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
409 180 13.5 117 .439 .0348 33.9
410 180 13.4 117 .440 .0349 36.6
366 165 12.8 118 .453 .0370 35.7 2065
357 162 12.8 118 .457 .0370 37.2 2193
339 154 12.9 116 .454 .0365 36.8 2279
314 137 14.0 112 .440 .0331 39.8 2526
304 133 14.3 111 .444 .0325 42.6 2712
292 135 13.9 112 .468 .0336 42.1 2730
292 140 13.4 113 .481 .0347 40.9 2657
294 140 13.4 114 ' .478 .0349' 41.3 2688
279 143 12.7 116 . .512 .0371 42.9 2887
260 147 12.1 119 .577 .0396 44.5 3055
259 149 11.8 120 .587 .0405 44.1 3036
262 150 11.9 120 .587 .0405 .45.2 3111
261 158 11.4 122 . .619 .0427 44.7 3064
258 161 11.4 123 .639 .0426 45.0 3004
264 178 10.7 127 .685 .0459 46.0 3053
262 185 10.4 130 .715 .0479 46.1 3091
256 181 10.5 129 .720 .0473 46.4 3133
248 188 10.2 131 .766 .0487 46.4 3092
2-,8 206 9.4 138 .845 .0539 46.8 3136
250 217 9.2 140 .879 .0557 47.4 3114
242 216 9.1 141 .903 .0567 46 9 ?138
240 218 8.9 142. .922 .0575 46.5 3143
237 219 9.1 141 .950 .0567 47.6 3142
223 206 9.5 138 .937 .0540 48.3 3197
4573
4775
4783
5213
5571
5517
5370_
5407
5543
.5672
5599
5793
5696
5695
5941
5979
5989
5959 .
5993
6047
5980 :,
5931
6046
6045
OF LARGE CARS:
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
31.9
55.9
60.9
58.7
61.9
69.0
59.8
58.5
64.8
69.2
. 71.2
67.7
72.4
74.2
69.3
77.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.7
.5
.4
.3
.2
.4
.3
.4
.2
.2
.1
.4
.1
.0
.0
LOCK
.0
.0
.0
2.5
6.5
.41.6
89.8
93.1
99.9
99.9
100.0
99.2
99.5
99.6
99.7
99.8
99.6
98.5
98.2
99.0
98.2
99.3
99.6
99.9
100.0
100.0
FUEL
FI
.0
1.2
.5
.2
.2
2.0
17.1
'20 .1
37.3
39.0
64 .0
81.2
85.1
89.5
97.0
98.9
100.0
99.9
100.0
100.0
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
METERING FOUR DESIGNED
TBI
. 2.
17.
20.
37.
39.
44.
15.
15.
12.
22.
6.
16,
10.
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
3
0
9
8
.2
,6
.2
,0
.7
.7
.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
PORT CARS DSL VALVE DOM EUR ASIA
.0 100.0 .0 .0 , 100.0 .0 .0
1.2 98.8 .0 .0 100.0 .0 .0
.5. 99.5. .0 .0 100.0 .0 .0
.2 - 98.5 1.4 .0 100.0 .0 .0-
.2 96.4 3.5 .0 100.0 .0 .0
.0 87 .,5 10.4 .0 ' 100.0 .0 .0
.0 67.7 15. 2 .0 100.0 .0 .0
.0 69.9 10.0 .0 100.0 .0 .0
.0 60.3 2.4 .0 100.0 .0 .0
.0 60 .3 .8 .0 100 .0 .0 .0
19.1 35.7 .3 .0 100.0 .0 .0
65.4 18.8 .0 .7 99.2 .8 .0
69.9 14.9 .0 1.1 98.9 1.1.- .0
76.9 10.5 .0 1.1 95.9 4.1 .0
74.8 3.0 .0 .8 96.0 4.0 .0
92.9 1.1 ...0 .5 97.5 2.5 ' .0
83.3 ' .0 .0 .9 96.8 3.2 .0
89.2 .0 .1 1.9 97.5 2.5 .0
89.7 .0 .0 8.0 97.7 2.3 .0
100.0 .0 .0 17.1 98.8 1.2 .0
99.9 .0 .1 30.4 93.2 2.1 • 4.6
100.0 .0 .0 38.4 91.8 2.1 6.2
100.0 .0 .0 35.6 91.0 2.8 6.2
100.0 .0 .0 39.8 , 88.8 2.9 8.4
100.0 .0 .0 45.3 90.3 2.4 7.3
100.0 '•-. 0 .0 37.0 90.1 3.4. 6.5
E-3
-------
Table E-4
Appendix E (continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 SMALL•WAGONS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
477
345
384
361
310
310
418
382
531
461
496
348
361
253
159
160
209
143
301
206
198
90
149
98
118
94
PRAC
.047
.028
.027
.025
.022
.027
.040
.039
.052
.033
.034
.023
.024
.017
.011
.013
.017
.012
.023
.015
.013
.007
.010
.007
.007
.006
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
19.3
20.7
22.4
21.4
22.5
25.1
26.2
26.5
28.2
27.6
28.3
27.1
26.8
27.5
27.5
25.7
26.3
25.9
27.8
27.8
28.3
26.8
27.2
27.0
27.0
23.8
27.7
29.4
30.6
29.3
31.2
34.6
36.6
37.6
39.1
39.4
39.7
37.6
37.4
37.6
38.3
36.3
38.1
37.8
41.2
42.4
42.6
40.4
41.7
41.8
41.9
37.6
22.4
23.9
25.5
24.3
25.7
28.6
30.0
30.6
32.2
31.9
32.5
31.0
30.7
31.3
31.5
29.6
30.6
30.2
32.5
32.9
33.3
31.6
32.2
32.1
32.2
28.5
WGHT
LB
2833
2902
2801
2805
2711
2591
2531
2580
2565
2620
2579
2647
2795
2757
. 2766
3026
3005
3076
2882
2908
2859
2952
2901
2874
2881
3233
VOL
CU-FT
108.0
108.0
105.1
108.2
110.6
112.2
108.2
116.5
117.7
118.4
120.0
118.7
118.6
122.2
123.3
123.7
123.0
122.9
122.1
118.0
119.5
116.9
119.2
120.2
ENGINE
CID HP
128
136
134
134
123
113
108
109
105
107
106
113
116
113
112
120
120
122
118
121
118
122
124
124
124
132
87
86
85
90
81
75'
79
75
74
77
78
82
91
93
96
110
106
123
99
:.<13
100
114
117
119
120
152
0-60
TIME
14.8
15.2
14.9
14.3
15.1
15.4
14.4
15.3
15.3
15.2
15.1
14.7
14.2
13.7
13.5
12.9
13.3
12.4
13.5
13.3
13 .4
12.5
11.8
11.7
11.7
10.5
TOP
SPD
104
103
104
105
102 .
101
103
101
101
102
102
103
106
107
108
111
110
116
108
110
109
113
116
117
117
125
HP/
CID
.713
.668
.685
.709
.684
.685
.754
.698
.713
.719
.727
.730
.788
.829
.861
.920
.880
1.016
.842
.848
.844
.928
'.943 .
.958
.967
1.156
HP/
WT
.0306
.0296
.0304
.0318
.0294
.0288
.0312
.0288
.0288
.0293
.0299
.0307
.0323
.0334
.0341
.0359
.0349
.0397
.'0342
.0351
.0348
.0381
.0404
.0411
.0413
.0466
TON
-MPG
32
35
36
34
35
37
38
39
41
42
42
41
43
43
43
. 44
46
46
47
48
47
46
. 46
46
46
46
.1
.0
.2
.6
.0
.6
.2
.6
.5
.1
.2
.3
.2
.3
.7
.9
.1
.5
.1
.1
.8
.7
.8
.2
.5
.2
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON -MPG
2824
2692
2742
3175
3355
3463
3507
3762
3870
3729.
3733
3748
3769
3652
381S
3778
4047
4106
4116
3769
3893
3790
3873
3469
3897
3732
3682
4058
4228
4447
4483
4905
4953
4895
5184
5140
5185
5484
5679
5756
5794
5915
5836
55144
5596
5405
5538
5550
PERCENT OF SMALL WAGONS:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
198S
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
13.3
12.2
23.3
23.0
13 i
24.4
57.9
68.3
55.4
81.4
60.0
78.4
76.6
80.2
89.9
68.3
79.1
73.0
83.2
88.6
92.8
84.5
82.9
78.9
83.0
59.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
12 1
9.8
8.0
8.9
39.3
15.6
39.6
20.7
23.4
19.8
10.1
31.7
20.9
25.5
16.2
10.6
4.6
11.2
14.4
18.3
13.0
25.7
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
48.6
42.8
52.9
56.3
59.3
67.3
62.0
54.0
51.0
43.7
42.7
43.3
34.4
37.8
26.6
30.6
24.4
30.9
28.9
26.3
23.8
20.8
19.6
18.8
26.6
26.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4.6
8.1
19.4
23.7
39.2
42.2
29.0
41.0
34.6
51.8
58.8
74.1
68.2
70.6
72.1
76.2
79.2
80.4
81.2
73.3
73.3
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT
3.
6.
6.
1.
1.
4.
5.
20.
37,
21,
31
71
93
89
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
8
2
4
,9
0
,1
.0
.6
.7
.3
.7
.0
.8
.4
.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.7
17.0
32.2
15.4
24.3
42.6
62. 8
48.8
40.6
20.0
4.7
4.2
2.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.8
3.2
6.4 •
6.9
1.0
1.1
4.0
4.8
3.7
5.1
6.2
6.8
29.2
30.6
41.0
59.4
80.0
95.3
95.8
97.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
CARB
99.2
96.8
93.0
93.1
99.0
92.5
93.9
93.3
79.0
61.1
77.8
68.2
28.2
6.6
10.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
,0
.0
.0
FOUR
DSL VALVE
.0
.0
.6
.0
.0
5.3
2.2
1.2
.3
1.6
.5
.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
16.3
18.9
36.9
63.6
48.6
43.9
19.9
20.0
25.7
51.1
40.7
45.6
43.6
84.8
DESIGNED
DOM EUR
34.8
49.7
37.4
33.7
32.5
19.2
41.6
44.9
35.0
53 .4
35.2
49.1
35.1
34.5
36.3
21.0
43.7
40.4
73 .6
15.5
80.2
60.4
71 .,9
68.7
65.5
15.7
10.9
5.2
7.2
9.6
1.4
6.7
3.5
1.8
1.1
1.4
1.4
1.2
1.8
6.5
2.0
1.2
.0
1.8
.8
1.3
3.5
7.0
4.6
8.1
6.9
43.9
ASIA
54.3
45.1
55.4
56.7
66.1
74 .1
54.8
53 .3
64 .0
45 .2
63 .4
49.6
63.1
58.9
61.8
77.8
56.3
57.8
25.6
83.2
16.3
32.7
23.5
23.2
27.6
40.4
E-4
-------
Table E-5
Appendix E (continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 MID-SIZE WAGONS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
289
485
548
503
482
257
272
284
276
365
341
409
359
285
239
184
122
137
166
138
176
169
149
153
163
231
FRAC
.028
.039
.039
.035 •
.035
.023
.026
.029
.027
.026
.024
.027
.024
.019
.017
.015
.010
.011
.013
.010
.012
.013
.010
.011
.010
.014
FUEL
CITY
11.4
14.
14.
16.
16.
18.
20.
20.
21.
21.
21.
22.
21.
22.
21.
21.
21.
21.
21.
21
22.
21
22.
22
21
23
.0
.4
.3
.9
.4
,2
.6
.2
.6
.6
.1
,7
.0
4
,0
.4
.5
.7
.5
.1
.9
.0
.2
.7
.2
ECONOMY
HWY 55/45
16.5 13.2
19
19
22
22
25,
28
28.
29.
31
31;
33
33
34
33
33
34
35
35
35
35
34
34
33
34
35
.4
.6
.6
.9
.8
.0
.9
.9
.0
.6
.1
.0
.4
.8
.9
.7
.5
.2
.2
.6
.7
.3
.8
.3
.2
16
16
18
19
21
23
23
24
25
25
26
25
26
25
25
25
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
27
.0
.3
.6
.1
.1
.1
.7
.4
.0
.2
.0
.6
.2
.6
.3
.9
.2
.2
.0
.6
.3
.3
.2
.0
.4
WGHT
LB
4791
4555
4410
3836
3758
3534
3285
3384
3348
3298
3356
3355
3434
3378
3436
3498
3506
3503
3498
3532
3482
3661
3666
3668
3680
3589
VOL
CU-FT
143.
140.
139.
139.
136.
136,
136,
135,
130,
137,
140,
139,
139,
141
142
142
137
137
135
136
136
135
136
134
.6
.0
.7
.7
.2
.,1
.2
.9
.2
.8
.2
.4
.9
.6
.3
.6
.7
.4
.9
.9
.5
.3
.6
.0
ENGINE
CID HP
361 162
315
297
258
249
228
193
205
200
172
170
162
173
171
176
181
181
188
188
180
167
161
160
155
161
152
142
135
123
118
107
103
108
109
107
112
115
125
. 126
132
139
140
143
144
151
148
153
158
169
172
163
0-60
TIME
13.8
14.
15.
14.
14.
15.
14.
14 .
14.
14.
13.
13.
13.
12.
12.
12.
12.
11.
11.
11.
11.
11.
11.
10.
10.
11.
8
1
4
7
0
5
3
1
1
9
6
0
7
4
0
0
8
7
4
4
6
3
7
6
0
TOP
SPD
115
110
109
109
108
106
107
108
108
108
109
110
113
114
116
118
118
119
120
122
121
122
123
127
127
125
,HP/
CID
.473
.458
.459
.484
.480
.482
.562
.551
.568
.633
.679
.718
.735
.743
.765
.781
.793
.777
.790
.863
.915
- .965
1.001
1.097
1.079
1.073
HP/
WT
.0337
.0311
.0304
.0319
.0312
.0302
.0315
.0319
.0323
.0323
.0332
.0341
.0362
..0371
.0382
.0395
.0398
.0406
.0410
"12 "I
.0426
.0421
.0433
.0460
.0466
.0450
TON
-MPG
32.1
36.
36.
35.
36.
37.
38.
40.
41.
41.
42.
43.
44.
44,
44,
44.
45,
46,
46,
45
46
48
48
48
47
49
7
X
8
1
5 .
1
,3
,0
,4
.4
.6
.0
.5
.1
.4
.5
.0
.0
.0
.5
.2
.1
.2
.8
.3
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
^3C8
2630
2698
2985
3187
3265
3368
3428
3280
3592
3606
3677
3597
3593
3701
3747
3626
3584
3627
3614
3590
3560
3560
3710
5190
5010
5046
5231
5187
5481
5586
5622
5531
6014
6182
6199
6177
6281
6484
6560
6340
S327
6313 '
6612
6576
6519
653S
6610
PERCENT OF MID-SIZE WAGONS:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
35.6
28.2
32.8
69.9
69.5
82.2
83 .9
87.7
77.5
81.1
79.6
80.8
87.0
89.0
64.8
61.0
48 .5
32.7
45.0
46.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0-
.0
.0
4.5
2 .1
.1
.7
8.2
.4
1.3
.6
.6
.4
27.8
39.0
51.5
64.2
53.0
52.2
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
4.0 .0
7.1 .0
4.
5.
5.
9.
12.
7.
6.
5.
5.
9.
4 .
3.
7.
1.
2.
1.
1.
1.
10.
12.
13 .
13,
13
14
6
3
3
9
8
4
2
4
9
1
4
8
1
7
4
7
8
6
,1
.9
.4
.7
.5
.3
.0
17.2
9.1
43.8
28.5
62.6
50.2
62.5
64 .7
71.0
83.6
87.2
80.7
87.9
85.6
88.9
91.2
94.0
86.7
87.1
86.6
86.3
86.5
85.7
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT
7.6 .0 7.6
3.4 .0 3.4
3.5
3.0
, 2.5
4.3
6.9
5.7
7.9
30.7
56.2
79.3
94.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.2
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
20.3
30.5
28.0
22.8
29.8
12 .3
1.5
.7
.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
3 .5
3.0
2.5
4 .3
6.9
5.7
7.9
10.4
25.7
51.3
71.7
70.2
87.7
98.5
99.3
99.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.2
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
CARB
92.2
96.5
96.
96.
95.
89.
87.
88.
89.
66.
42,
20
4
2
8
0
,8
.2
.0
.8
.8
.0
.6
.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 ,
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
DSL VALVE
.2 .0
.1 .0
.3
.3
2.5
5.9
5.9
6.3
2.3
2.5
1.8
.2
.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.8
.1
.0
.0
.0 "
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.0
3.4
3 .6
10.3
17.3
20.1
51.4
63 .5
67.6
82.4
68.5
70.3
DESIGNED
DOM EUR
91.7 8.3
96.4 3.6
96.2
96.7
96.4
93.6
91.2
90.8
90.5
88.1
83.2
76.2
84.9
82.3
76.3
79.2
77.0
74.9
68 .1
63.3
44.9
44 .2
37.7
20.4
32.1
27.4
3 .8
3 .3
3.6
6.4
8.8
9.2
9.5
11.9
11.4
11.1
11.3
13.9
15.6
20.8
23.0
18.5
13.7
21.9
17.0
13.5
10.8
29.0
26.2
33 .6
ASIA
.0
.0
.0
.0
-0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
5.1
12.7
3.8
3.7
8.0
.0
.0
6.6
18.2
14.8
38 .1
42 .3
51.5
50.7
41.7
39.0
E-5
-------
Appendix E (continued)
Table E-6
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 LARGE WAGONS
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
197
207
340
293
275
102
108
146
130
176
145
120
88
75
63
31
34
27
19
16
10
FRAC
.019
.017
.024
.020
.020
.009
.010
.015
.013
.013
.010
.008
.006
.005
.004
.002
.003
.002
.001
.001
.001
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
10.3
11.8
13.6
13.8
14.2
16.3
16.7
16.0
16.3
16.6
17.3
18.1
18.3
19.0
18.7
18.8
18.7
18.3
18.1
1
18.5
14.9
16.5
18.7
19.7
19.3
24.2
26.0
25.4
25.9
26.3
28.0
30.0
29.9
30.4
29.9
30.2
31.8
32.0
32.1
32.0
31.9
11.9
13.5
15 . j
15.9
16.1
19.1
19.9
19.2
19.6
19.9
20.9
22.0
22.1
22.8
22.5
22.7
22.9
22.7
22.5
22.9
22.8
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
5453
5444
4713 163.1
4664 162.4
4466 162.5
4423 161.5
4394 161.4
4396 161.3
4379 161.6
4371 161.7 '
4354 161.7
4381 161.4
4348 161.8
4349 161.7
4334 161.8
4337 161.6
4402 169.1
4500 170.3
4500 168.9
4500 169.2
4500 167.6
ENGINE
CID HP
410
416
365
354
333
323
312
306
307
305
305
304
304.
304
304
304
304
338
340
350
350
181
185
161
162
155
134
131
139
142
144
153
146
143
143
143
143
177
177
174
230
250
0-60
TIME
14.0
13.7
13.6
13.4.
13.4
15.2
15.3
14.6
14.1
13.9
13.2
13.9
14.0
14.0
13.9
13.9
11.9
12.1
12.2
9 .:
9.1
TOP
SPD
116
117
115
116
115
109
108
110
112
112
115
113
112
112
112
112
122
121
120
144
144
HP/
CID
.441
.445
.442
.460
.465
.418
.424
.456
.465
.472
.504
.479
.470
.470
.471
.471
.581,
.526
.513
.714
.714
HP/
WT
.0332
.0339
.0341
.0348
.0346
.0302
.0298
.0316
.0324
.0329
.0354
.0334
.0330
.0330
.0331
.0331
.0404
.0393
.0385
.0554
.0555
TON
-MPG
32.7
36.9
36.9
37.3
36.1
43.2
44.7
42.6
43.0
43.6
45.6
48.3
48.2
49.7
48.8
49.2
50.4
51.1
50.7
•i.e
51.3
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
2567
2601
2633
3152
3273
3130
3174
3227
3382
3558
3583
3691
3643
3664
3877
3865
3804
3878
3824
6008
6056
5872
6975
7199
6872
6944
7049
7360
7791
7789
' 8025
7887
7942
8535
8695
85SO
872S
8603
1996
.001
18.7 32.8 23.2 4500 170.2 350 260 8.9 147
.743 .0577
52.2
3946
8879
PERCENT OF LARGE WAGONS:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FPONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 74.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 J.00.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
FUEL METERING
PI TBI PORT CARB
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2
.0
24.1
25.8
29.2
23.7
30.3
30.2
33.1
32.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0
.0
. .0
.0
.0
.0
.2
.0
24.1
25.8
29.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
80.5
100.0
99.8
.0
.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 98.6
.0 100.0
.0'- 73.3
.0 74 .6
.0 39.0
.0 71.3
.0 72.7
.0 70.4
23.7 76.3
30.3 69.7
30.2 69.8
33.1 66.9
32.7 67.3
19.5 .0
.0 .0
.2 .0
100.0 -0
100.0 .0
FOUR
DSL VALVE
.0
.0
.0
1.4
.0
26.7
25.2
11.0
4.6
1.5
.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DESIGNED
DOM EUR ASIA
100.0
100.0
100.0
10.0 . C
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1996
.0
.0
.0 100.0
100.0
.0 100.0
.0
.0
100.0
.0
.0
E-6
-------
Table E-7
Appendix E (continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 SMALL VANS
MODEL SALES
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979'
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
(000)
2
1
2
3
8
16
ii-
is
14
83
93
102
126
55
35
30
.15
40
12
11
6
2
FRAC
.000
.000
.000
.000
.001
.001
.001
.002
.001
.006
.006
.007
.008
.004
.002
.002
.001
.003
.001
.001.
.000
.000
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
18.0 25,
16.8 25.
19.1 27,
17.4 24.
16.5 22.
16.3 23.
16.3 22.
19.7 24.
17.4 23.
23.1 29.
23.0 29.
23.1 29.
21.8 28.
21.7 29.
22.5 29.
21.1 28.
21.3 28.
23.4 33.
24.4 35.
23.1 34.
22.8 33.
22.2 33.
.1 20.6
.8 19.9
,6 22.2
.5 20.0
.6 16.7
.9 19.0
.3 18.5
.9 21.7
.5 19.7
,5 25.6
6 25.5
8 25.7
3 24.3
0 24.5
,1 25.0
,5 23.9
,3 24.0
.3 27.0
,0 28.2
,1 27.0
.1 26.5
,4 26.2
WGHT
LB
3498
3500
3500
350n
3500
3618
3644
3668
3567
3313
3270
3298
3299
3402
3390
3554
3402
3217
3032
3248
3163
3416
ENGINE
CID HP
118 78
120 67
120 67
120 67
120 67
120 67
120 67
111 61
118 69
120 87
121 88
131 95
134 98
134 100
130 98
140 120
124 95
129 115
121 120
135 13C
134 130
142 134
0-60
TIME
19.1
20.9
20.8
20.9
20.9
21.4
21.6
23 .4,
20.9
16.6
16.2
15.3
15.0
15.1
15.3
14.0
15.8
, 13.0
12.0
11.9
11.7
12.1
TOP
SPD
96
92
92
92
92
91
91
89
92
100
101
104
105
105.
104
111
103
112
115 -
117
118
117
HP/
CID
.654
.557
.557
.558
.558
.558
.558
.549
.582
.720
.726
.728
.736
.751
.755
.854
.761
.901
.990
.965
.966
.947
HP/
WT
.0204
.0179
.0180
.0185
.0188
.0182
.0181 '
.0164
.0185
.0263
.0270
.0289
.0299
.0294
.0289
.0339
.0276
.0352
.0390
.0396
.0407
.0374
TON
-MPG
36.1
34.9
38.9
35.0
32.9
34.4
33.8
42.1
35.7
42.8
41.9
42.6
40.3
41.9
42.5
42.6
40.7
43.5
42.9
44.0
42.1
44 .8
OF SMALL VANS:
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
4.
20.
18,
22.
20,
21,
27,
55,
42,
84,
, 98
66
27
, 92
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
,0 .0
.0 .0
,0 .0
,0 .0
,2 .0
.0 .0
.7 3.2
.4 13.1
,5 17.0
.1 16.0
.6 21.3
.8 22.8
.3 28.4
.4 15.6
.5 1.5
.1 33.9
.3 72.7
.3 7.7
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
43 .3
84.8
89.9
85.0
81.2
82.9
81.2
39.0
76.9
41.9
40.8
36.4
30.4
28.4
30.0
20.8
45.2
26.8
14.5
14.1
18.8
3.8
LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
•0
50.1
53.3
60.8
66.8
68.6
65.4
55.9
36.5
73.2
85.5
85.9
81.2 ,
96.2
FUEL
FI
61.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
61.7
93.6
80.0
78.1
64.5
83.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
•100.0
100.0
100.0
METERING
TBI PORT CARB
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 64.
18.1 65,
18.4 81,
.3 99,
1.0 ' 99,
.0 100.
.0 100
.0 100
.0 100
.0 100
.0 100
0 38.9
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
,0 .0
, 0 17.6
.0 21.9
.5 35.5
.1 16.8
.6 ' .0
.7 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
38.3
6.4
2.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
..0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
..b
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
•0
.0
.0
69.3
23.3
100.0
100.0
DESIGNED
DOM
4 .
2.
IMPORT
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
2 95 .8
4 97.6
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100 . 0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
R-7
-------
Table E-8
Appendix E (continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 MID-SIZE VANS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
302
308
313
399
313
130
138
180
230
420
600
782
848
941
1100
1124
943
1088
1323
1273
1552
1298
1105
1356
1344
1264
FUEL ECONOMY
FRAC
.030
.025
.022
.028
.023
.011
.013
.019
.022
.030
.041
.051
.057
.062
.076
.089
.075
.089
.100
.091
.102
.099
.076
.094
.085
.079
CITY
12.0
12.6
12.9
12.6
13.1
15.0
15.9
15.9
16.4
16.8
17.5
18. 1
18.4
18.7
18.7
18.6
18.7
18.7
19.0
18 8
18.8
19.2
19.1
19.6
19.2
19.6
HWY
15.3
16.5
16.4
15.6
16.0
20.0
21.2
21.1
22.3
23.2
23.7
25.3
26.2
27.3
27.2
27.4
27.4
27.5
28.5
27.9
28.5
29.4
29.0
30.4
30.0
30.6
55/45
13.3
14.1
14.3
13.8
14.3
16.9
17.9
17.9
18.7
19.2
19.8
20.8
21.2
21.8
21.8
21.8
21.9
21.8
22.3
22.0
22.2
22.8
22.6
23.3
22.9
23.4
WGHT
LB
4230
4277
4348
4345
4506
4230
4248
4266
4396
4081
3945
3964
3959
3974
3980
4033
4079
4102
4033
4075
4041
4115
4134
4090
4203
4212
ENGINE
CID
310
317
326
327
320
288
279
284
294
248
233
224
226
223
218
219
214
218
211
218
226
211
210
209
213
209
HP
141
143
149
152
137
136
134
139
141
127
131
129
146
148
146
148
148
152
153
157
158
168
168
176
179
179
0-60
TIME
13.9
14.0
13.6
13.3
:is.o
14 .'3
14.6
14.3
14 .5
14.8
14.1
14.3
12.9
12.7
12.9
12.9
13.0
12.8
.12.5
2" .4
12.3
11.8
11.9
11.3
11.4
• 11.4
TOP
' SPD
112
112
114
115
109
111
110
111
111
109
111
110
116
.117
116
116
116
117
118
119
119
122
122
125
124
125
HP/
CID
.453
.449
.456
.465
.433
.475
.480
.485
.480
.537
.586
.595
.671
.691
.700
.693
.714
.713
.741
.731
.717
.806
.807
.849
.848
.865
HP/
WT
.0332
.0332
.0341
.0349
.0303
.0317
.0312
.0321
.0318
.0307
.0329
.0322
.0367
.0372
.0366
.0367
.0362
.0369
.0380
.0384
.0389
.0410
.0406
.0431
.0425
.0426
TON
-MPG
28.8
30 .7
31.4
30 .5
32 .6
35 .9
38.2
38 .3
41.5
39 .7
39.7
41.5
42 .3
43 .5
43 .6
44 .2
44.8
45.0
45.1
45 .0
45.0
47.0
46.8
47.7
48 .2
49.3
PERCENT OF MID-SIZE VANS:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995 .
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.6
.0
.0
32.0
40.4
29.7
33.1
42.4
39.0
51.0
41.2
47.8
53.4
57. 7
65.5
80.0
72.1
86.0
85.6
87.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
6.8
11.5
5.6
4.9
6.9
9.4
2.5
5.4
3.6
2.9
4.4
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
19.1
17.6
11.8
10.6
13.5
21.9
16.0
10.5
9.1
12.0
6.1
5.7
3.9
2.6
2.3
1.2
.7
.8
1.1
.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
10.4
71.3
81.1
78.7
77.2
48.7
45.9
61.5
70.6
83.1
80.2
96.2
99.0
98.3
98.6
98.7
99.5
99.5
99.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 •
1.1
32.7
73.6
99.7
99.9
99.9
99.9
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
21.7
36.8
49.8
47.9
46.4
39.7
31.3
22.6
20.7
13.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
10.9
36.9
49.9
52.0
53.5
60.2
68.6
77.4
79.3
86.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
CARB
100.
100.
100.
100.
100 ,
100.
100
100
92
98
98
67
26
,0
,0
.0
,0
. D
.0
.0
.0
.9
.5
.5
.1
.3
.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
DSL VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
7.1
1.5
.4
.2
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.3
3.4
5.0
6.0
11.4
15.8
23.6
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 .0
100 .0
100.0
100 .0
100.0
100.0
100 .0
96.9
95.7
86.4
92.0
85.2
88.3
85.7
88.5
85.9
90.3
81.9
73.1
.0
.0
.0
. 0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. 0
.0
. 0
.0
.0
. 0
3.1
4.3
13.6
8.0
14.8
11.7
14.3
11.5
14.1
9.7
18.1
26.9
E-8
-------
Appendix E (continued)
Table E-9
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 LARGE VANS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998 .
1999
2000
SALES
FUEL ECONOMY
(000) FRAC
153 .
192
199 .
224 .
159 .
96 .
96 .
115 .
138 .
174 .
162 .
160
140
137 .
142 .
107
76 .
93
106 .
112 .
104
109 .
139 .
132
187
207 .
015
016
014
015
Oil
008
009
012
013
012
Oil
010
009
009
010
009
006
008
008
008
007
008
010
009
012
013
CITY HWY 55/45
11.1 15
11.8 16
13.9 18
13.5 17
10.8 14
14.2 18
15.0 19
14.4 18
14.3 19
14.4, 19.
14.1 19.
15.4 21.
14.8 20.
14.7 20.
14.6 20.
14.3 20.
14.4 20.
14.5 21.
14.6 21.
14.5 21.
14.6 21.
14.6 21.
15.7 23.
15.5 23.
14.9 22.
15.5 23.
.1 12.6
.3 13.4
.1 15.5
.4 15.0
.2 12.1
.8 16.0
.6 16.8
.8 16.1
.2 16 . 2
.8 16.4
.3 16.1
.2 17.6
.7 17.0
.8 16.9
.5 16.8
,4 16.5
.7 16.7
.3 16.9
2 17.0
6 17.0
.6 17.1
7 17.1
9 18.6
.7 18.3
9 17.7
3 18.2
WGHT
LB
4135
4081
4110
4088
4665
4639
4513
4548'
4532
4421
4491
4610
4659
4858
4821
4901
4943
5132
5132
5156
5185
5153
5120
5137
5200
5022
ENGINE
CID
334
335
343
335
336
315
310
314
314
314
312
306
309
309
309
314
312
315
315
318
314
325
300
297
310
296
HP
148
151
158
145
163
133
128
131
134
143
146
142
155
156
155
162
162
167
178
183
178
197
221
220
230
222
0-60
TIME
13.7
13.3
12.6
13.3
13.5
15.5
15.6
15.5
15.1
14.4
14.3
14.9
13.9
14.3
14.3
14.0
14.1
14.2
13.5
13 .3
13.7
12.7
11.3
11.3
11.1
11.1
TOP
SPD
115
117
119
114
116
107
107
107
108
111
112
110
113
113
113
114
114
114
117
118
117
122
129
129
131
130
HP/
CID
.434
.444
.459
.429
.480
.421
.414
.418
.429
.451
.464
.464
.500
.501
.501
.514
.518
.527.
.565
..576
.567
.604
.740
.745
.745
.755
HP/
WT
.0354
.0369
.0384
.0353
.0347
.0284
.0282
.0286
.0295
.0320
.0322
.0306
.0331
.0319
.0321
.0328
.0325
.0324
.0347
.0355
.0343
.0383
'.0431
.0429
.0441
.0443
TON
-MPG
26.4
28.0
32.2
31.2
28.6
37. S
38.2
37.0
37.0
36.6
36.3
40.8
39.8
41.3
40.7
40.7
41.4
43.6
43.7
..3 Q
44.3
44 .1
47.6
47.2
46.0
45.8
OF LARGE VANS:
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 ,
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.7
.0
1.2
.0
.4
.9
4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0'
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
31.4
24.8
17.4
16.5
13 .9
22.2
23.5
14.4
10.3
11.2
6.5
4.8
2.0
1.5
1.2
.0
.0
; .0
.0
.0
.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
LOCK
.0
.0
-0
.0
.0
. 1.6
2.6
.4
3.5 . 6
35.8
49.5
52.8
50.4
52.5
51.1
75.3
77.6
83.7
80.9
83.7
80.2
85.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
FUEL
FI
.0
.0
.0
• .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
47.7
84.1
99.2
100 . 0
10C.O
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
METERING
TBI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.4
4.5
5.0
5.5
5.0
2.8
2.7
1.9
5.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
PORT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. .0
.0
47.7
82.8
94.7
95 .0
94.5
95.0
97.2
97.3
98.1
94.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
CARB
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
: oo.o
-00.0
100.0
100.0-
100.0
100.0
100.0
51.1
15.9
.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0'
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
VALVE
' .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DESIGNED
DOM
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
-100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
98.
100.
98.
100.
99.
99.
IMPORT
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
3. 1.7
0.0
8 1.2
0 .0
6 .4
1 .9 •
E-9
-------
Table E-10
Appendix E (continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 20,00 SMALL SUVS
MODEL SALES FUEL ECONOMY
YEAR (000) FRAC CITY HWY 55/45
1975 53 .005 14.1 19.3 16.1
1976 60 .005 14.2 18.6 15.9
1977 72 .005 15.3 19.8 17. i
1978 91 .006 15.0 19.8 16.9
1979 104 .008 15.5 18.6 16.7
1980 60 .005 17.0 21.8 18.8
1981 43 .004 18.2 23.9 20.4
1982 42 .004 18.5 23.8 20.5
1983 55 .005 19.3 24.5 21.4
1984 145 .010 19.2 25.4 21.6
1985 115 .008 19.1 27.3 22.1
1986 177 .012 20.7 28.7 23.7
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
254 .017 21.2 29.2 24.2
288 .019 21.3 29.0 24.2
228 .016 20.1 27.3 22.8
189 .015 20.7 27.8 23.4
136 .011 21.5 26.8 23.6
129 .011 21.3 26.7 23.4
144 .011 21.1 26.5 23.2
175 .013 2 - 27.4 23.8
189 .013 21.9 27.8 24.2
120 .009 25.4 33.6 28.5
489 .034 19.8 27.8 22.8
316 .022 20.9 28.7 23.8
320 .020 21.3 29.0 24.2
376 .023 20.7 28.2 23.5
OF SMALL SUVS:
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
.0 88.3 100.0 .0
.0 85.9 84.6 .0
.0 79.1 90.1 .0
.0 85.5 86.9 .0
.0 87.3 77.5 .0
.0 100.0 88.6 .0
.0 100.0 90.5 8.8
.0 74.2 67.4 6.8
.0 77.2 70.5 6.6
.0 97.9 42.2 3.2
.0 100.0 55.1 44.0
.0 100.0 60.2 37.4
.0 91.0 65.3 25.3
.0 86.7 67.3 27.3
.0 84.9 60.4 31.1
.0 85.8 64.6 31.6
.0 65.6 61.0 33.9
.0 62.6 66.5 28.8
.0 66.4 63.5 31.0
.0 65.2 60.3 25.3
.0 86/6 70.4 29.6
14.9 65.6 39.7 60.3
6.2 78.3 41.6 53.9
8.8 73.6 42.6 57.4
8.8 76.0 35.3 64.7
5.9 69.1 45.0 55.0
WGHT
LB
2897
2980
3055
2986
3192
3083
3054
2922
2830
3302
3438
3231
3169
3128
3443
3329
3195
3087
3113
3074
2965
2896
3473
3474
3508
3670
FUEL
FI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
62.3
48.2
54.0
79.9
84.2
98.7
97.7
97.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
ENGINE
CID HP
273 118
273 108
274 111
275 109
261 117
227 95
224 102
207 97
210 100
186 101
167 98
167 118
161
157
171
162
145
146
150
142
138
107
182
162
155
161
112
112
120
115
110
117
121
118
117
10S
152
154
145
149
0-60
TIME
11.9
12.7
12.7
12.6
12.7
14.6
13.6
13.9
13.3
14.7
15.5
13.0 '
13.4
13.2
13.3
13.4
14.0
13.0
12.8
11.8
12.4
12.8
11.2
11.2
11.7
,11.8
TOP
SPD
117
112
112
112
113
105
108
107
109
106
103
112
110
111
111
110
109
113
114
114
113
111
122
123
120
120
METERING
TBI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4.2
2.3
26.0
36.0
59.4
47.9
40.4
32.3
21.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
PORT
62
44
51
53
48
39
49
57
67
78
100
100
100
100
100
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.3
.0
.7
.9
.2
.3
.7
.3
.7
.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
CARB
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
130.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
37.7
51. S
46.0
20.1
15.8
1.3
2.3
2.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
, 0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
HP/
CID
.429
.397
.405
.398
.463
.453
.475
.495
.505
.563
.596
.733
.723
.739
..731
.749
.768
.811
.814
.842
.864
.988.
.861
.970
.970
.954
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
-.0
.0
-,°
.0
.0
.0
.0'
.0
.0
.0
.0
3.2
.0
100.0
47,3
71.4
72.3
60.4
HP/
WT
.0415
.0365
.0366
.0369
.0366 ;
.0305
.0334
.0329
.0348
.0307
.0284
.0360
.0346
.0350
.0346
.0344
.0338
.0372
.0382
.0378
.0391
.0364
.0434
.0440
.0412
.0405
TON
-MPG
23.3
24.0
26.1
25.2
26.7
29.3
31.4
30.0
30.2
35.6
38.0
38.2
38.3
37.9
39.4
39.1
38.1
36.7
36.6
36.9
36.3
41.4
39.8
41.9
43.0
43.6
DESIGNED
DOM
88.
85.
79.
85.
95.
91.
94.
85.
89.
94.
92 .
76.
61.
64.
67.
56.
55.
52.
56.
52.
55.
IMPORT
3 11.7
9 14.1
1 20.9
5 14.5
3 4.7
8 8.2
0 6.0
3 14.7
9 10.1
4 ' 5.6
1 7.9
0 24.0
6 38.4
8 35.2
2 32.8
0 44.0
9 44.1
1 47.9
4 43.6
4 47.6
0 45.0
.0 100.0
52.2 47.8
28.
27.
.6 71.4
.7 72.3
21.3 78.7
E-10
-------
Table E-ll
Appendix E (continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 MID-SIZE SUVS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
123
168
194
270
187
100
79
98
203
431
563
538
562
610
624
447
904
799
1038
1240
1397
1528'
1419
1619
1793
1967
FRAC
.012
.014
.014.
.019
.013
.009
.008
'.010
.020
.031
.039
.035
.038
.040
.043
.035
.072
.066
.079
.089
.092
.116
.098
.112
.113
.123
FUEL ECONOMY'
CITY HWY 55/45
11.0
11.9
13.1
12.3
10.8
12.8
13.8
14.5
16.3
16.4
17.0
17.2
17.0
16.8
16.9
16.4
17.3
17.0
17.0
16.9
16.8
17.0
17.6
17.7.
17.9
17.9
13.6
15.4
17.0
16.3
13.4
16.7
18.6
19.4
23.1
23.2
24.6
24.0
24.7
24 .4
24.2
24.0
25.5
25.1
25.5
35.0
24.8
25.5
25.7
26.3
26.1
26.1
12.1
13.3
14.6
13.8
11.9
14.3
15.6
16.4
18.8
18.9
19.7
19.7
19.8
19.5
19.5
19.1
20.2
19.9
20.0
19.7
19.6
20.0
20.5
20.8
20.9
20.8
WGHT
LB
4724
4730
4610
4653
4807
4708
4664
4732
4312
4092
4011
4006
3975
4017
4026
4079
4112
4106
4115
4196
4213
4196
4216
4151
4161
4167
ENGINE
CID HP
349
354
349
358
344
324
317
320
250
226
212
204
216
234
254
243
236
233
242
239
237
.249
235
236
230
231
156
150
153
160
153
145
140
140
126
123
122
126
141
152
161
162
163
170
183
182
179
182
179
179
187
188
0-60
TIME
14.0
14.5
13.9
13.4
14.5
14.8
15.0
15.2
15.3
15.0
14.9
14.4
13.3
12.6
12.0
12.1
12.0
11.7
11.0
11.2
11.4
11.2
11.5
11.3
10.9
10.9
TOP
SPD
113
112
113
115
112
110
109
109
107
107
108
109
114
118
121
121
120
123
127 .
126
125
126
124
125
127
128
HP/
CID
.445
.422
.438
.448
.445
.448
.445
.440
.537
.571
.602
.653
.679
.675
.650
.689
.699
.735
.764
.769
.766
.740
.782
.774
.838
.835
HP/
WT
.0325
.0313
.0330
.0343
.0316
.0304
.0297
.0294
.0290
.0298
.0303
.0314
.0356
.0384
.0406
.0403
.0399
.0418
.0449
.0437
.0428
.0438
.0426
.0431
.0449
.0452
TON
-MPG
28.6
31.5
33.8
32.3
28.6
34.1
36.8
40.1
41.5
39.5
40.3
39.9
39.7
39.5
39.7
39.1
41.7
40.9
41 .,4
41.6
41.6
42.2
43.4
43.3
43.6
43.5
PERCENT OF MID-SIZE SUVS:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.5
1.2
1.9
1.8
88.4
91.1
8.9.5
93.9
90.3
95.8
96.8
93.0
89.2
86.9
81.4
87.3
85.5
87.1
86.4
89.8
79.6
74.4
58.1
78.9
79.4
70.8
67.6
71.8
69.9
71.6
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
18.3
17.7
17.8
17.7
19.1
22.4
21.0
19.8
26.3
28.2
25.1
33.8
27.6
21.1
16.7
19.6
17.3
17.4
11.6
11.3
10.3
6.1
5.8
4.7
5.7
6.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 .
1.2
29.7
48.6
45.0
56.1
50.0
59.4
57.1
63 .6
70.2
75.4
75.9
81.7
82.6
88.4
88.7
89.7
93.9
94.2
95.3
94,3
94.0
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT CARB
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
7.0
50.8
84.8
96.9
97.9
98.4
99.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
36.9
53.4
46.1
49.2
28.0
34.6
17.4
.6
.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
..0 100.0
.0 100 .0
.0 97.1
.0 100.0
.0 86.5
.0 95.7
.0 98.8
.0 92.2
13.9 47.9
31.4 15.0
50.8 3.0
48.7 2.0
70.4 1.5
64.9 .4
82.6 .0
99.4 .0
99.7 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
10 0 .0
FOUR
DSL VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
2.9
.0
13.5
4.3
1.2
.8
1.3
.2
.1
.1
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 ,
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
6.8
19.7
11.2
23.9
19.7
26.0
25.2
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
100.0
99.9
99.5
99.1
99.8
100. 0
100.0
100.0
98.0
95.3
93.4
80.1
79.8
77.5
84.1
67.3
81.5
79.6
84.8
79.2
70.0
83.3
66.9
74.0
67.5
68 .6
.0
.1
.5
.9
.2
.0
.0
.0
2.0
4.7
6.6
19.9
20.2
22.5
15.9
32.7
18.5
20.4
15.2
20.8
,30.0
16.7
33.1
26.0
32.5
31.4
E-ll
-------
Table E-12
Appendix E (continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 LARGE SUVS
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
11
16
17
19
109
23
14
22
30
49
57
58
57
69
74
72
54
75
129
169
230
241
559
641
707
878
FRAC
.001
.001
.001
.001
.008
.002
• .001
.002
.003
.003
.004
.004
.004
.005
.005
.006
.004
.006
.010
.012
.015
.018
.039
.044
.044
.055
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
11.1
11.3
12.3
12.0
10.3
12.6
13.6
16.0
15.1
14.5
14.3
14.3
14.5
14.2
14.1
14.1
13.8
13.3
13.9
14.1
14.3
14.7
14.8
14.7
14.4
14.7
13.8
14.9
15.6
15.0
12.1
17.2
18.0
24.3
21.9
21.2
21.6
21.5
21.4
20.9
21.6
21.7
20.5
19.9
20.7
20.5
20.8
22.0
22.5
22.4
21.8
22.3
12.2 .
12.7
13.6
13.2
11.1
14.3
15.3
18.9
17.6
16.9
16.9
16.8
17.0
16.6
16.7
16.7
16.2
15.7
16.3
16.4
16.6
17.3
17.5
17.4
17.0
17.3
WGHT
LB
4728
4904
4870
4953
5260
5188
5127
5410
5327
5247
5248
5227
5501
5518
5716
5720
5570
5578
5652
5628
5576
5534
5348
5243
5409
5439
ENGINE
CID HP
364
373
371
373
375
340
338
344
355
351
350
350
350
351
351
351
328
331
345
343
347
344
328
313
324
312
171
166
170
168
152
160
170
146
153
157
161
162
205
199
208.
208
197
204
210
210
206
247
234
227
242
248
0-60
TIME
13.0
13.9
13.6
13.5
15.8
14.7
13.9
16.5
15.8
15.1
14.9
14.7
12.7
13 .0
12.9
12.9
13.3
12.9
12.6
ir.6
12.7
10.9
.11.1
11.2
10.9
10.8
TOP
SPD
118
115
116
116
1.09
112
115
107
109
. Ill
112
112
122
120
121
121
119
121
122
122
122
133
131
130
132
134
HP/
CID
.463
.437
.450
.453
.403
.470
.502
.427
.434
.450
.460
.463
.587
.567
.594
.595
.603
.629
.612
.616
.594
.719
.714
.736
.755
.803
HP/
WT
.0338
.0321
.0330
.0323
.0287
.0303
.0328
.0269
.0287
.0300
.0307
.0310
.0372
.0360
.0364
.0364
.0352
.0365
.0373
.0374
.0369
.0447
.0438
.0434
.0449
.0457
TON
-MPG
28.9
31.2
33.7
32.8
29.3
37.3
39.3
52.7
48.7
45.3
44.9
44.5
46.9
46.0
47.9
47.8
45.3
43.8
46.2
46.2
46.3
47.9
46.9
45.6
46.0
47.3
PERCENT OF LARGE SUVS:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
.0 13.5 13.4 .0
.0 22.8 14.6 .0
.0 18.4 13.9 .0
.0 26.9 19-3 .0
0 36.1 15.3 .0
.0 30.0 17.8 78.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
25.4
28.7
30.5
30.2
31.3
32.8
36.2
41.0
43.4
42.8
54.1
67.5
64.6
67.0
71.9
75.7
73.4
68.4
75.8
73.4
3.1
1.1
.9
1.0
.9
.6
.6
.5
.5
.3
.0
.6
.5
.4
.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
96.9
98.9
99.1
99.0
99.1
99.4
99.4
99.5
99.5
99.7
100.0
99.4
99.5
99.6
99.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT CARB
.0 .0 .0 100 .0
.0 .0 .0 100 .0
.0 .0 .0 100 .0
.0 .0 .0 100 .0
.0 .0 .0 99.3
.0 .0 .0 94.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
95.6
96.9
97.6
97.8
97.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.9
100.0
100.0
99.9
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
95.6
96.9
97.6
97.8
76.3
88.8
93.2
89.7
95.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 100.0
.0 46.8
.0 65.0
.0 80.7
.0 88.5..
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
21.2
11.2
6.8
'10.3
4.1
99.9
100.0
100.0
99.9
100.0
91.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
DSL VALVE
.0 .0
' .0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.7 .0
5,9 .0
.0
53.2
35.0
19.3
11.5
8.3
4.4
3.1
2.4
2.2
2.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
9.5
3.9
7.7
4 .4
2.4
.4.7
10.4
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
78.8
88.8
93.2
90.5
96.1
92.3
95.6
91.4
89.1
88.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
21.2
11.2
6.8
9.5
3.9
7.7
4 .4
8.6
10.9
11.2
E-12
-------
Appendix E (continued)
Table E-13
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 SMALL PICKUPS
MODEL SALES
YEAR
1975
197S
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
FUEL ECONOMY
(000) PRAC CITY HWY 55/45
160 .
173
241 .
264
358
452 .
369
346 .
312 .
423
497 .
743 .
441
340
354 .
289 .
309 .
252 .
263 .
358 .
298 .
221 ,
131
260 .
468 .
248
016 19
014 20
017 22
018 22
026 19
040 21
035 25
036 24
030 24
030 23
034 23
048 22
030 22
022 22
025 21
023 21
025 22
021 21
020 23
026 21
020 21
017 21
009 22
018 21
029 19
015 20
.2 28.
.3 30.
.1 31.
.7 30.
.9 27.
.6 28.
.0 33.
.3 32.
.0 31.
.3 30.
.8 31.
.9 30.
.9 31.
.2 29.
.2 28.
.9 29.
.0 29.
.7 29.
.1 31.
.8 30.
.5 29.
.7 29.
.0 29.
.5 29.
.8 26.
.9 28.
5 22.5
0 23.8
5 25.5
2 25.6
6 22.8
9 24.3
3 28.2
2 27.3
8 26.9
8 26.1
4 26.7
9 25.9
1 26.0
5 25.0
4 23,9
5 24.8
9 25.0
4 24.6
5 26.3
0 24.9
3 24.4
5 24 .6
7 24.9
4 24.5
6 22.4
3 23.7
WGHT
LB
2756
2775
2771
2799
2793
2790
2819
2899
2976
3035
3098
' 3141
3135
3200
3328
3293
3324
3321
3232
3355
3385
3362
3349
3462
3760
3597
ENGINE 0-60
CID
118
119
120
119
120'
122
130
137
142
142
143
145
147
148
153
153
152
152
147
151
157
159
146
160
179
167
HP TIME
96 13.3
98 1.3.2
96 13.3
92 13.8
86 14 . 5
88 14.2
85 15.0
89 14.8
96 14.0
97 14.1
103 13.6
105 13.5
107 13.3'
113 13.0
119 12.9
129 12.0
128 12.1
126 12.3
123 12.3
125 '2.4
138 11.6
147 11.0
134 11.7
151 11.0
160 11.3
154 11.2
TOP
SPD
108
109
108
107
104
105
103
104
106
106
108
109
110
111
112
116
116
115
115
114
119
122
118
123
123 '
122
HP/
CID
.814
.828
.804
.774
.715
.723
.654
.651
.679
.684
.718
.726
.732
.757
.774
.844
.845
.828
.835
.829
.879
.926
.918
.947
.901
.928
HP/
WT
.0347
.0352
.0347
.0330
.0308
.0316
.0301
.0307
.0323
.0320
.0333
.0338
.0345
.0353
.0359
.0395
.0389
.0383
.0383
.037
.0411
.0439
.0405
.0439
.0427
.0431
TON
-MPG
31.1
33.1
35.5
35.9
32.2
34.5
40.5
40.4
40.6
40.1
41.6
40.9
40.9
40.1
40.0
41.2
41.8
41.2
42.7
42 'j
41.5
41.4
41.7
42.5
42.1
42.8
OF SMALL PICKUPS:
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
,0
.0
.0
.0
.0
5.8
9.1
9.3
9.8
2.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4WD
.0
.0
.0
8.8
26.3
24 .5
31.6
30 .7
30.9
32.5
31.7
29.9
29.6
38.4
38.0
31.5
34.7
36.8
27.1
39.5
37.8
36.6
20.8
39.7
63.3
36.4
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
88 .4
80.1
79.8
88 .5
90.3
91.2
94.8
92 .3
90.4
88.7
85 .0
85.1
81.3
83.2
79.9
81.5
79.6
80.8
81.8.
81.4
73 .2
69.2
79.6
62.9
Sl.'O
63 .0
LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.3
1.6
3.2
6.9
7.9
9.9
8.5
14.1
14.3
14.9
13.3
12.2
11.5
20.0
18.7
20.4
22.9
32.6
28.4
FUEL
FI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
3.3
2.S
1.0
.4
4.6
13.8
38.6
48.2
71.8
86.0
88.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
METERING
TBI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
28.1
39.2
31.4
34.9
.0
.0
..0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
PORT CARB
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 :-30.o
.0 34.2
.0 75.6
.0 79.3
.0 93.6
.0 90.7
.0 84.3
10.5 60.4
9.0 51.8
40.4 28.2
51.1 14.0
88.4 11.6
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
0
2 .5
22.0
19.7'
6.0
4.6
1.9
1.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
POUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. .0
.0
.0
. .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
30.1
59.8
.0
100.0
57.1
81.7
DESIGNED
DOM
2.
1.
.
IMPORT
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
8 99.2
0 98.0
4 98.6
9 99.1
1 99.9
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
E-13
-------
Appendix E (continued)
Table E-14
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 'MID-SIZE PICKUPS
MODEL SALES
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
(000) FRAG
56 .
54 .
66 .
75 .
101 .
98 .
130 .
315 .
621 .
703 .
616 .
788 .
1052 .
1055 .
887 .
600 .
873 .
716 .
743 .
970 .
700 .
698 .
691 .
830 .
850 .
677 .
005
004
005
005
007
009
012
032
060
050
043
051
071
069
061
048
069
059
056
069
046
053
048
057
054
042
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
18.6 25.
20.1 27.
25.8 35.
26.0 34.
22.9 30.
22.8 30.
23.1 31.
23.1 32.
23.0 32.
22.2 31.
22.1 32.
22.6 32.
22.0 31.
21.8 31.
21.5 30.
21.3 30.
21.1 30.
20.3 30.
20.3 29.
2> 30.
21.2 31.
21.1 31.
20.7 30.
20.5 30.
19.3 28.
19.3 28.
1 21.1
7 22 9
9 29.o
8 29.3
8 25.9
9 25.9
8 26.4
9 26.7
5 26.5
8' 25.7
1 25.7
0 26.1
4 25.4
3 25.3
5 24.8
5 24.7
7 24.6
0 23.8
8 23.7
4 24.3
1 24.7
4 24.8
5 24.2
2 23.9
7 22.6
7 22.7
WGHT
LB
3000
3000
3000
3000
2971
2944
2909
2936
3016
3093
3064
3081
3163
3205
3278
3338
33.52
3493
3521
3593
3631
3668
3729
3714
3754
3826
ENGINE
CID
109
109
125
124
131
133
131
152
146
148
154
147
159
165
177
175
190
195
198
193
190
187
196
192
197
196
HP
67
65
72
72
80
82
84
98
91
92
97
102
106
110
116
120
125
131
135
142
141
140
147
146
148
151
0-60
TIME
18.6
18.9
17.5
17.6
16.2
15.7
15.2
13.8
14.8
14.9
14.2
14.0
13.8
13.6
13.2
13.0
12.7
12.7
12.5
.2.3
12.3
12.4
12.3
12.2
12.2
12.2
TOP
SPD
95
94
97
96
100
101
102
108
104
104
106
108
109
110
111
112
114
115
116
118
117
117
118
118
118
119
HP/
CID
.615
.596
.580
. .581
.609
.620
.641
.648
.626
.626
.637
".687
.672
.670
.671
.697
.673
.685
.694
.745
.768
.775
.768
.780
.772
.788
HP/
WT
.0223
.0216
.0240
.0238
.0268
.0280
.0288
.0332
.0301
.0298
.0317
.0328
.0334
.0342
.0353
.0358
.0372
.0373
.0383
.0392
.0386
.0381
.0390
.0390
.0393
.0392
TON
-MPG
31.6
34.9
44.5
44.4
39.2
38.6
39.0
39.5 .
40.3
40.1
39.7
40.4
40.4
40.8
40.9
41.4
41.5
41.9
42.0
44.1
45.5
46.0
45.8
45.1
43.0
43.9
OF MID-SIZE PICKUPS:
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
,0
.0
.0
4.1
17.3
19.6
19.8
16.8
20.5
19.8
18.7
16.7
14.8
15.5
18.0
18.1
15.6
14.3
17.4
20.1
25.8
25.6
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
68.8
85.5
91.4
86.9
80.2
83.7
88.1
68.7
72.6
71.1
55. 1
73.0
67.2
65.0
62.9
61.6
63.5
59.9
59.4
57.3
59.8
52.9
49.0
44.3
34.9
40.1
LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
28.8
14.2
16.8
32.7
23.7
28.9
32.6
35.6
38.4
36.5
40.1
40.6
42.7
40.2
47.1
51.0
55.7
65.1
59.9
FUEL
FI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
27.4
57.4
50.8
71.9
80.5
87.2
93.0
91.7
94.3
97.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
METERING
TBI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
26.7
26.5
39.2
46.7
27.9
56.4
32.7
28.9
12.8
17.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
PORT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
30.7
24.4
32.7
33.8
59.3
36.6
59.0
65.5
85.1
82.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
CARB
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1 J 0 . 0
100.0
100.0
97.9
96.5
98.0
71.9
42.4
48.8
28.1
19.5
12.8
7.0
8.3
5.7
2.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
2.1
3.5
2.0
.7
.2
.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0'
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
DESIGNED '
DOM
70.
73.
68.
84.
62.
65.
78.
77.
74.
85.
84.
91.
96.
96.
99.
100.
100.
100.
100.
IMPORT
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
1 29.9
6 26.4
7 31.3
8 15.2
1 37.9
5 34 .5
3 21.7
1 22.9
5 25.5
1 14.9
6 . 15.4
5 8.5
0 4.0
2 3.8
9 .1
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
E-14
-------
Table E-15
Appendix K (continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 LARGE PICKUPS
MODEL SALES
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999 .
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
FUEL ECONOMY
(000) FRAC CITY HWY 55/45
1126
1639 .
1719
1928
1748 .
887
940 .
780. .
695 .
917 .
964 .
1001
654
1064 .
990
945 .
738
872 .
996
1263 .
1273 .
1036
1585 .
1323
1607. .
1764 .
110 11
133 12
122 13
133 13
126 13
078 15
089 16
080 16
067 15
065 15
067 15
065 16
044 15
070 15
068 15
075 15
059 . 1.5
072 15
075 15
090 15
084 15
079 15
110 16
092 15
101 15
110 16
.5 15.
.4 16.
.4 17.
.3 16.
.1 16.
.3 20.
.5 22.
.5 22.
.9 2l!
.6 • 21.
.6 21.
.1 21.
.5 21.
.6 22.
.6 22.
.4 22.
.6 23.
.6 23.
.9 23.
.6 23.
.3 22.
.5 23.
.0 24.
.7 24.
.7 23.
.0 24.
7 13.1
3 13.9
2 14.9
8 14.7
2 14 .3
3 17.2 .
2 18.6
2 18.6
7 18.1
4 17.8
1 17.7
8 18.2
3 17.7
2 18. .0
4 18 .1
7 18.0
0 18.2
3 18.3
8 18.7
3 18.3
9 18.0
2 18-. 2
2 . 18.9
.0 18.6
.3 18.4
0 18.9
WGHT
LB
4241
4301
4318
4326
4486
4312
4124
4233
4270
4291
4292
4283
4375
4436
4444
4497
4476
4562
4552
4613
4672
4718
4802
4799
.4803
4830
ENGINE
0-60
CID HP TIME
343 151
344 146
347 156
339 154
330 149
305 137
293 132
299 136
302 138
301 138
305 149
298 146
309 162
318 173
318 175
320 178
315 178
312 174
303 180
316 189
316 188
315 210
303 222
308 225
303 229
306 236
13.3
13.8
13.1
13.2
14.1
14.3
14.2
14.2
14.2
14.3
13.4"
13.6
12.8
12.2
12.2
12.1
12.1
12.5
12.1
11.7
11.9
11.1
10.6
10.5
10.4
10.2
TOP
SPD
115
113
116
116
113
110
.110
111
111
111
114
113
118
121
121
122
122
120
122.
124
123
129
132
133
134
136
HP/
CID
.438
.423
.449
.454
.452
.452
.452
.457
.461
.459
.490
.495
.522
.542
.547
.555
.562
.556
.600
.600
.598
.671
.737
.735
.759
.776
HP/
WT
.0356
.0340
.0361
.0356
.0333
.0317
.0319
.0321
.0323
.0321
.0347
.0340
.0368
.0388
.0393
.0396
.0396
.0381
.0395
.0410
.0402
.0445
.0463
.0470
.0479
.0490
TON
-MPG
28.3
30.5
32.7
32.3
32.7
37.6
38.8 '
40.1
39.4
38.6
38.4
39.3
39.0
40.2
40.3
40.8
41.1
42.0
42.6
42.4
42.2
43.1
45.4
44.6
44 .2
45.6
OF LARGE PICKUPS:
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
:o
.0
.0
,0
.0
.0
.0
4WD
16.1
23 .8
25.2
30.5
10.5
21.6
13.4
17.3
22.3
25.1
25.8
28.3
30.8
33.8
34.8
33.9
32.5
32.1
35.0
36.9
41.5
37.9
43.3
43.2
43 .2
42.3
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
33 .0
32.9
27.7
28.5
27.3
39.5
38.9
30.9
26.4
26.7
25'. 7
27.0
29.1
26.8
33 .2
24 .9
27.3
26.8
22 .4
15.9
20.7
15.0
10.5
9.8
11.1
8.0
LOCK
• .0
.0
.0
.0
1.7
35.5
42.1
42.8
52.2
50.9
48.1 ,
52.5
41.6
54 .5
56.6
68.0
71.3
73.1
77.6
84.1
79.3
85.0
89.5
90.2
88.9
92.0
FUEL
FI
.0
.0
.0
..0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
9.7
24 .3
79.1
99.1
99.6
99.6
99.6
99.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.7
99.9
99.9
100.0
100.0
METERING
TBI . PORT CARB
• .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.7
2.6 21
36.0 43
62.6 36
"60.8 38
62.6 37
60.1 39
54.7 45
52.1 47
53.0 .47
44.9 55
.0 99
.0 99
.0 99
.0 100
.0 IOC
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 98.6
.0 96.9
. 0 94.5
.0. 97.7
.0 90.6
.0 95.5
.0 97.6
.0 89.1
.7 75.0
.1 20.4
.5 .5
.8 .0
.0 .0
.5 .0
.0 .0
.9 .0
.0 .0
.1 .0
.7 .0
.9 .0
.9 .0
.0 .0
0 .0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
1.4
3.1
5.5
2.3
9.4
4.5
2.4
1.2
.7
.4
.5
.4
.4
.4
.3
.0
.0
.0
.3
.1
.1
.0
.0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
2.8
3 .7
1.9
.8
.0
4.7
DESIGNED
DOM
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
99.
99.
100.
100.
100.
100.
93 .
98.
97.
96.
98.
99.
100.
95.
IMPORT
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
4 .6
9 .1
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0 .
9 6.1
9 1.1
2 2.8
3 3.7
1 1.9
2 .8
0 .0
3 4.7
E-15
-------
-------
Table F-l
Appendix F
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 TWO-SEATER CARS
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
197.5 244
1976 Tf
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
221
191
256
200
162
263
137
348
335
303
282
203
113
177
178
81
118
84
79
65
72
78
109
125
FRAC
.030
.021
.020
.017
.024
'.021
.019
.034
.017
.033
.031
.028
.026
.019
.011
.020
.021
.010
.014
.010
.008
.008
.009
.010
.013
.015
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
16.7 25.0 19.7
16.5 24.6 19.4
17.
16.
17.
17.
18.
21.
20.
22.
22.
23.
23.
23.
22 .
23,
24.
22.
' 24
21
22
21
22
20
20
20
2
6
0
3
9
9
4
5
.8
.8
,1
.0
.6
.4
.7
.5
.0
.9
.0
.5
.3
.3
.8
.8
25.0
24.4
25.6
26.7
27.0
32.7
29.9
34.6
34.5
36.3
35.7
35.7
35.0
35.4
36.7
34.5
36.6
33.9
34.7
34.6
35.2
32.4
33.3
33.5
20
19
20
20
21
25
23
26
26
28
27
27
26
27
29
26
28
26
26
26
26
24
25
25
.0
.4
.1
.6
.9
.7
.9
.7
.9
.1
.5
.4
.9
.7
.0
.7
.4
.0
.3
.0
.7
.4
.0
.1
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
3015
3032
3062
3079
3026
2954
3005
2726
2756
2886
2826
2915
2920
2940
3030
2979
2890
3022
2975
3134
3176
3168
3056
3458
3262
3245
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
ENGINE
CID HP
173 125
187 136
183
187
180
180
202
146
146
174
158
166
167
170
198
164
149
187
169
207
204
216
178
243
218
222
134
143
128
121
142
106
115
121
123
130
134
138
160
160
150
183
1-78
-97
199
205
198
255
239
242
0-60
TIME
12 .6
12.1
12.
11.
12,
12,
10
13,
11
12
11
11
11
11
10
10
10
10
.9
8
8
8
8
7
7
7
.4
.8
.2
.3
.6
.0
.8
.1
.6
.7
.5
.2
.2
.3
.8
.0
.6
.8
.9
.6
.7
.7
.7
.6
TOP
SPD
117
120
119
122
118
116
124
112
116
117
118
119
121
122
130
130
127
137
137
143
142
145
144
160
157
159
'.'.
1.
1.
1,
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
HP/
CID
.764
752
755
795
735
702
758
734
778
717
806
818 ,
830
845
.891
.019
.040
.018
.138
.073
.077
.050
.157
.107
.148
.174
HP/
WT
.0406
.0429
.0421
.0446
.0411
.0400
.0469
.0377
.0411
.0410
.0425
.0430
.0442 '
.0455
.0509
.0511
.0491,
.0565
.0572
.0613
.0606
.0632
.0628
.0731
.0721
.0735
TON
-MPG
29.5
29.4
30.
29.
30.
30.
33.
35.
33.
39.
39.
41.
41.
41.
42.
42.
42.
40.
43,
41,
42
41
41
42
41
41
7
9
6
8
2
7
2 "
7
1
9
5
,8
.4
.1
. 9
,6
.3
.5
.5
.3
.3
.6
.0
.2
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
1032 ' ' " '
1002
1039
1058
1125
1337
1216
1423
1443
1504
1487
1505
1508
1484
1573
1433
1520
1371
1390
1336
1381
1243
1277
1301
1534
1495
1528
1539
1660
1784
1660
1983
1955
2097
2074
2091
2121
2103
2146
2032
2167
2077
2124
2066
2064
2132
2051
20S2
PERCENT OF TWO-SEATER CARS:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
. 0
. 0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 .
47. 8
17 .1
17.9
25.0
29.8
32.7
41.9
32.6
31.3
34.9
16.1
42.3
24.1
23.5
. 4.7
10.8
.0
.0
3 .1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0,
.0
16.5
.0
.0
.1
.0
.1
.1
.0
.1
.1
.1
.0
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
74.6
70.5
70.5
71.8
72 .8
74.0
61.3
69.2
81.0
60.4
67.4
62.4
64.0
62.1
51.5
66.9
68.5
55.3
59.8
57.5
57.9
55.6
64 .0
36.5
46.8
54 .3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
13.6
20.1
9.5
4.5
33 .7
26.3
30.7
28.5
27.4
36.6
27.2
21.1
26.3
35.3
35.6
31.4
40.8
34 .3
61.3
50.8
43 .2
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT
42.4
37.1
40.2
46.9
31.5
34.4
55.4
32 .8
40.3
73.6
64.9
81.7
85 .9
100.0
100'. 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
9.5
.0
53.1
11.6
11.7
14.6
26.1
14.2
11.5
18.6
13.7
5.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
42.4
37.1
40.2
46 9
31.5
34.4
55.4
23.3
40.3
20.5
53.3
70.0
71.3
73.9
85.8
88.5
81.4
86.3
94.4
100.0
100.0
100 .0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
CARB
57.
62 .
59.
53.
68.
65.
44.
67.
59.
26,
35
18
14
6
9
8
1
5
,6
.6
.2
.7
.4
.1
.3
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 '
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
•0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
11.5
7.4
23.8-
38.5
67.0
66.9
52.7
47.9
64.8
65.4
64.3
84:3
61.1
64.8
62.2
DESIGNED
DOM EUR
16.4
22.9
22.3
22.7
18.6
17 ..6
23.4
57.3
17.1
57.0
37.1
46.7
36.1
36.3
30.7
19.0
12.7
26.1
22.3
29.4
27.0
35 .3
15.4
38.1
30.1
33.0
50.1
49..3
50.0
44.0
36.8
36.9
23.4
6.7
9.6
3.8
4.8
6.9
7.2
8.1
14.4
7.2
9.1
13.6
5.1
12.6
19,2
26.9
47.6
61.6
53.0
45.8
ASIA
33.6
27. 8.
27.7
33 .3
44.6
45.5
53.2
36 .0
73 .3
39.3
58.1
46.4
56.7
55.6
54.8
73.8
78.2
60.3
72.6
58.0
53.8
37.8
37.0
.3
16.9
21.1
F-l
-------
Table F-2
Appendix F (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 MINI-COMPACT CARS
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
198S
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
941
913
915
901
436
383
227
178
156
42
73
176
71
43
28
76
95
118
74
39
56
43
43
37
56
44
FRAG
.114
.094
.081
.081
.040
.041
.026
.023
.020
.004
.007
.016
.007
.004
.003
.009
.011
.015
.009
.005
.006
.006
.005
.005
.007
.005
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
19.6
22.4
24.2
24.1
24.1
24.5
30.6
31.7
31.5
21.6
31.1
26.1
26.2
26.8
23.0
'22.4
24.5
26.9
25.8
23.1
22.6
22.3
21.5
21.1
19.8
29.3
32.3
34.4
32.8
33.7
34.3
40.1
41.5
42.7
32.9
44.8
39.1
38.7
38.7
33.7
33.5
35.9
39.3
37.6
36.4
35.1
35.0
34.9
34.3
34.3
32.3
23.0
05 0
2/.9
27.4
27.6
28.1
34.3
35.5
35.7
25.6
36.0
30.7
30.7
31.1
26.9
26.3
28.6
31.4
30.0
28.1
27.3
26.9
26.6
25.8
25.5
24.0
WGHT VOL
LB CO -FT
2721
2688
2544
2583
2450
2458
2164
2193
2273
2855
2300
2407
2636
2619
2866
3019
2912
2691
2818
3146
3218
3270
3338
3522
3604
3789
78.8
79.1
79.7
82.8
82.6
82.7
82.0
75.9
79.2
80.5
77.2
77.9
77.2
80.7
75.5
81.0
79.5
81.0
79.9
76.8
76.6
78.9
79.9
79.4
ENGINE
CID HP
128
124
116
120
113
116
92
95
99
151
114
113
128
128
146
148
127
110
118
132
147
157
154
169
177
204
82
80
. 83
83
77
. 78
67
70
77
141
95
104
130
129
148
145
137
118
130
•-j'3
166
179
185
195
•214
254
0-60
TIME
15.2
15.1
14.0
14.1
14 .4
14.4
14.5
14.6
14.2
10.5
13.1
12.8
11.3
11.7
10.7
10.5
10.8
11.2
10.9
iu. 3
9.9
9.8
9.7
9.6
9.1
8.1
TOP
SPD
102
102
105
105
103
103
101
102
104
125
111
114
123
122
128
125
123
118
121
129
131
134
136
137
143
154
HP/
CID
.669
.673
.756
.730
.689
.675
.723
.727
.754
.927
.818
.881
.985
.954
.985
.969
1.076
1.073
1.089
1.202
1.122
1.127
1.194
1.146
1.200
1.272
HP/
WT
.0298
.0297
.0326
.0322
.0312
.0314
.0307
.0311
.0327
.0484
.0380
.0403
.0469
.0462
.0504
.0475
.0464
.0435
.0454
.0501
.0513
.0538
.0547
.054-8
.0589
.0672
TON
-MPG
32.1
35.3
36.1
35.9
34.0
34.7
37.6
39.6
41.5
37.0
44.2
39.4
42.4
43.4
39.2
39.8
41.9
42.3
42.3
44.1
44.0
44.4
44.8
45.6
46.2
45.6
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
2297
2256
2239
2385
2909
3065
3094
2017
3406
2903
2721
2877
2157
2146
2185
2584
2437
2342
2212
2148
2088
2057
2057
1916
2839
2846
2718
2875
3105
3287
3412
2812
3518
3176
3300
3411
3051
3216
3166
'3421
3364
3576
3525
3431
3452
3605
3692
3630
PERCENT OF MINI-COMPACT CARS:
MODEL
YEAR
197S
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
19.6
22.1
25.4
22.3
44.8
47.2
83.2
80.4
81.8
30.6
67.7
54.6
54.9
62.4
62.4
11.4
50.9
71.5
64.9
44.5
17.3
37.7
48.1
38.5
33.3
2.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
3.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
6.7
4.7
1.1
4.7
13.4
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
67.7
63.5
70.6
63.0
73.4
60.0
81.?
80.8
80.9
84.3
86.1
82.7
81.9
76.6
65.3
61.6
59.8
55.3
52.6
43.2
40.8
48.0
47.8
34.4-
38.2
39.9
.0
.0
-.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2
.2
.1
5.1
3.9
8.3
16.1
32.1
36.3
41.3
45.4
51.4
50.6
50.2
50.2
64.6
59.0
55.0
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT
11.5
4.5
1.9
1.5
3.4
• 1.6
1.0
6.4
20.6
92.6
46.9
52.2
85.9
77.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
11.5
4.5
1.9
1.5
3.4
1.6
1.0
6.4
20.6
92;6
46.9
52.2
85.9
77.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
CARB
88.
95.
98.
98.
96.
98.
99,
93.
79
7
53
47
14
23
5
5
1
5
6
4
.0
.6
.4
.4
.1 -
.8
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
, -0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
^0
.0
.0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
5.8
18.6
23.5
36.9
3.2
90.6
91.8
81.2
92.8
94.7
80.8
82.3
91.1
91.5
58.3
DESIGNED
DOM EUR
55.6
53.6
19.2
36.5
39.4
47.0
.0
.1
.2
.2
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. .0
.0
.0
13.6
7.1
5.7
4.6
6.6
9.5
5.9
19.9
21.4
96.9
49.5
43.8
69.4
62.7
74.6
20.6
10.7
15.0
6.5
46.1
35.8
47.8
42.5
56.0
66.7
100.0
ASIA
30.8
39.3
75.1
58.9
54.0
43.5
94.1
80.0
78.4
2.9
50.4
56.2
30.6
37.3
25.4
79.4
89.3
85.0
93.5
53.9
64.2
52.2
57.5
44 .0
33.3
.0
F-2
-------
Table F-3
Appendix F (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 SUB-COMPACT CARS
MODEL SALES
YEAR . (000) FRAC
1975 1011 .123
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
•1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
7994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
1368
1577 .
2056
3044
3552 .
2712
2329 .
1968
2545 .
2181
2376
2088 .
2143
1950
1974 .
2303
2021
1872
1995 .
1623 .
1108
1487 .
1601
1505 .
1345
OF SUB-
141
140
184
282
376
311
298
246
238
202
216
195
200
195
224
270
249
221
237
173
140
178
201
175
156
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
16.6 23.8 19.2
19
20
21
21
23
25
25
25
25
25
26
26
27
26
27
27
27
27
26
26
27
27
26
26
25
COMPACT
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
17.6
13.1
19.4
22.3
25.9
35.3
36.0
39.8
53.4
49.8
58 .7
64.5
69.1
77.7
72.3
87.9
84.3
84.2
84 .6
81.8
72.1
75.8
83 .3
81.3
81.2
80.5
4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.4
.3
.2
.2
.5
.3
1.1
.5
1.2
1.1
. , -5
1.4
1.6
1.7
.2
1.4
1.1
.6
.6
.7
.4
.3 27.
.9 . 28.
.5 30.
.1 29.
.7 32.
.8 35.
.3. 35.
.9 37.
.4 36.
.9 37.
.4 37.
.8 38.
.8 39.
.9 38.
.4 38.
.0 39.
.3 40.
.3 40.
. ' 40.
.6 40.
.8 42.
.8 41.
.7 40.
.3 40.
.5 39.
CARS:
0 22.
9 23.
0 24 .
3 24.
9 27.
0 29.
5 29.
2 30.
9 29.
4 30.
9 30.
4 31.
2 32.
6 31.
6 31.
3 31.
0 31.
4 32.
5 31.
7 31.
3 32.
2 32.
8 31.
1 31.
7 30.
2
9
6
1
1
3
1
0
6
1
6
1
0
2
5
5
8
0
6
5
9
5
6
1
8
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
40.9
42 .8
46.5
54.4
51.5
58.2
58.9
55.1
55.8
51.5
49.4
50.3
51.3
53.6
46.5
44.9
39.1
38.0
42.6
37.7
40.4
41.4
31.4
30.1
31.3
37.0
LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
3.5
8.5
23.6
32.0
35.1
34.1
34.. 0
39.4
40.0
45.3
51.1
56.2
56.4
51.9
58.0
55.4
52.1
64.9
68.3
67.2
61.2
WGHT
LB
3242
3033
2966
2842
2847
2640
2604
2657
2687
2737
2734
2764
2728
2668
2748
2762
2779
2806
2797
2879
2949
2875
2909
2983
2993
3016
FUEL
FI
8.9
3.1
12.5
11.7
7.3
10.9
12.1
18.1
24.2
31.9
33.9
41.4
47.0
50.9
65.1
95.5
99.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 .0
100.0
99.8
99.6
99.7
VOL
CU-FT
90.
89.
90.
89.
90.
91.
93.
93.
93.
94.
92.
93.
93.
94.
94.
93.
94.
94.
93.
94.
95.
96.
96.
96.
7
7
4
9
3
8
3
3
9
7
7
2
1
5
8
8
4
4
6
9
5
4
5
4
ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT . CU-F.T-
CID HP TIME ' SPD CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPC
206 107 14.2 108 .585 .0329 31.4
181 97 14.7 106 ..607 .0316 33.8
174 98 14.2 107 .633 .0325 36.1 2329
159 93 14.4 106 .649 .0321 35.7 2387
155 94 14.2 106 .659 .0323 j>4 . 8 2297
128 82 14.7 103 .669 .0308 36.2 2523
124 81 14.7 103 .676 .0308 38.7 2744
133 86 14.5 105 .666 .0317 39.4 2792
136 90 14.0 106 .693 .0330 41.0 2941
140 97 13.5 108 .722 .0348 41.1 2883
136 100 13.2 110 .760 .0358 41.5 2941
136 100 13.4 109 .765 .0354 42.7 3018
128 99 13.7 109 .795 .0350 42.8 2995
122 99 13.5 110 .823 .0358 43.1 3116
129 104 13.0 111 .852 .0369 43.3 3044
117 108 12.5 113 .962 .0385 43.9 3072
124 111 12.3 114 .938 .0392 44.1 3086
122 117 12^0 116 .987 .0408 45.2 3110
124 120 11.8 117 .977 .0418 45.3 -3140
1.4 125 11.7 118 .973 .0- ., 45.9 3101
141 ,134 11.3 121' 1.015 .0443 47.0 3094
136 131 11-2 121 1.024 .0446 47.7 3257
126 128 11.5 119 1.058 .0431 47.6 3196
138 135 11.1 122 1.022 .0447 47.5 3123
140 139 11.0 123 1.025 .0454 46.9 3077
142 143 10.8 124 1.036 .0465 46.7 3039
3268
3201
3140
3251
3491
3613
3829
3830
3901
4048
3965
4019
4034
4149
4181
4241
4272
4336
4404
4529
4555
4581
4529
4510
METERING FOUR DESIGNED
TBI
3.
2.
3.
5.
4.
6.
15.
20.
24 .
40,
15.
8
6
5
7
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
7
0
1
9
8
2
.6
.0
.3
.5
.3
.4
.0
.8
.5
.7
.7
.8
PORT CARB DSL VALVE DOM EUR ASIA
8.9 91.1 .0 .0 55.9 22.8 21.3
3..1 96.9 .0 .0 55.9 17.0 27.1
12.5 86.3 1.2 .0 53.6 19.7 26.8
71.7 86.6 1.8 .0 45.5 20.0 34.6
7.3 91.3 1.5 .0 58.2 10.3 31.5
10.9 85.6 3.4 .0 45.9 13.6 40.4
12.1 82.4 5.5 .0 36.8 10.9 52.3
14.8 77.8 4.1 .0 33.6 9.9 56.5
21.5 74.6 1.2 .0 32.3 8.2 59.5
28.9 66.3 1.7 .0 39.5 10.9 49.6
28.8 65.9 .2 .0 35.7 6.8 57.6
36.5 58.5 .1 3. ~i 32.9. 5.8 61.4
40.3 52.9 .1 13.4 25.1 10.1 64.8
35.7 49.1 .0 24.6 20.7 8.4 70.9
44.5 34.9 .0 29.3 24.9 5.5 69.6
71.5 4.5 .0 48.3 14.7 4.1 81.2
59.6 .2 .0 44.3 30.6 3.1 66.4
84.5 .0 .0 50.4 26.1 3.8 70.1
91.7 .0 .0 44.6 29.8 4.5 65.8
93.6 .0 .0 46.8 36.6 2.2 61.2
95.0 .0 .0 62.0 26.9 4.3 68.9
92.2 .0 .0 64.4 24.3 3.6 72.1
95.5 .0 .0 77.5 ' 17.0 3.3 79.7
99.1 .0 .2 58.4 48.4 5.8 45.8
98.9 .0 .4 47.1 . 48.7 8.9 42.4
38.8 .0 .3 49.8 47.7 11.5 40.8
F-3
-------
Table F-4
Appendix F (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 COMPACT CARS
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000) FRAC
1975 1893 .230
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2557 .
2767 .
1482 .
668 .
690 .
976 .
1268 .
1456 .
2731 .
2929 .
3348 .
4012 .
4317 .
3585 .
2771 .
2455 .
2221 .
2473 .
2602 .
3432 .
2981 .
2840 .
2119 .
2327 .
2370 .
263
245
133
062
073
112
162
182
256
271
304
374
402
358
315
288
274
292
309
365
378
341
266
270
275
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
14-. 3 19.3 16.2
15.5 21.
15.8 21.
17.5 24.
17.1 23.
19.4 27.
23.0 33.
24.7 37.
24.7 36.
25.6 36.
25.7 37.
25.7 37.
25.5 37.
25.6 37.
25.6 37.
24.7 36.
24.7 36.
24.2 36.
25.1 37.
25.2 38.
25.8 39.
25.5 39.
25.4 39.
25.9 40.
25.5 39.
25.5 39.
0 17
4 17
7 20
5 19
6 22
5 26
0 29
2 28
9 29
2 29
2 29
3 29
6 29
5 29
7 29
7 29
7 28
9 29
3 29
5 30
4 30
5 30
4 30
8 30
8 30
.5
.9
_ T
.5
.4
.7
.0
.8
.7
.8
.8
.7
.9
.9
.0
.0
.6
.6
.8
.6
.3
. J
.9
.4
.4
WGHT
LB
3958
4025
4128
3552
3624
3184
2825
2794
2844
2798
2804
2819
2836
2889
2886
2984
2984
3034
2982
3023
2998
3007
3004
3010
3114
3101
VOL
CU-FT
107.3
105.1
105.3
106.2
104.3
102.9
103.2
103.1
103.1
103.2
102.3
103.6
102.8
103.3
104.5
104.3
104.1
103.9
103.9
103.1
102.6
102.7
103.2
103.4
ENGINE
CID HP
287 129
289
291
236
246
186
142
128
141
136
138
137
135
136
130
138
136
143
139
138
134
134
135
131
137
134
125
131
. 113
117
102
91
86
91
90
98
98
100
106
108
118
120
127
121
:,?4
132
133
133
135
141
141
0-60
TIME
14.6
15.2
14.6
14.5
14.4
14.4
14.2
14.6
14.4
14.3
13.5
13.5
13.3
13.0
12.7
12.3
12.1
11.8
12.0
11.9
11.2
11.1
11.1
11.0
10.9
10.9
TOP
SPD
110
108
110
108
109
107
106
104
105
106
109
109
109
111
112
115
116
118
116
117
121
121
121
121
122
123
1
1
1
HP/
CID
.454
.434
.452 .
.506 .
.455 .
.577 .
.671 .
.695
.677 .
.687 .
.727 .
.735 .
.759 .
.794 .
.837
.857
.887
.893
.886 .
.912 .
.992 .
.999
.988 .
.028
.030
.060
HP/
WT
0322
0307
0315
0318
0321
0324
0325
0310
0318
0321
0347
0346
0351
0365
0372
0393
0400
0416
0405
0408
0439
0441
0442
0444
0449
0452
TON
-MPG
32.5
35.5
37.1
36.0
35.7
36.1
37.9
40.7
41.2
41.9
42.2
42.4
42.4
43.4
43.3
43.4
43.5
43.5
44.3
45.2
45.9
45.7
45.6
46.7
47.6
47 .4
CU-FT CU-FT
-MPG TON-MPI
1946
2163
2095
' 2438
2852
3035
3051
3134
3155
. 3143
3110
3147
3110
3027
3079
3015
3121
3131
- 3213
3157
3142
3219
3193
3202
3586
3782
3761
3830
3959
4193
4259
4319
4356
4372
4359
4500
' 4452
4484
4553
4536
4613
4S94
4775
4712
4683
4794
4911
4900
OF COMPACT CARS:
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
2.4
2.5
2.3
17.8
13.6
56.8
81.4
84.8
74.7
82.0
85.3
86.6
90.5
91.2
95.8
95.5
95.0
96.1
97.5
96.2
95.4
97.3
95.5
93.8
92.7
93.1
4WD
.0
.0
.0
J
0
5.8
2.1
1.9
2.2
.8
.2
.2
.4
.2
.5
.8
1.6
.9
.5
.4
.8
.9
1.1
1.8
1.8
2.0
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
8.1
6.3
4.4
10.0
a.c
14.5
32.9
34.8
32.3
28.4
28.3
28.5 '
29.5
25.6
26.0
19.3
21.7
19.2
18.3
18.8
19.5
17.2
16.8
15.3
18.7
18.0
LOCK
.0
.0
.0
16.3
.0
6.7
5.8
39.7
42.4
41.0
42.8
50.0
49.3
59.0
56.2
63.6
65.3
66.2
69.9
72.8
78.7
81.9
83.2
84.7
80.9
81.2
FUEL
FI
4.4
3.6
3.8
9.1
14.8
10.8
8.0
21.5
50.6
54.0
70.8
76.4
74.6
91.4
94.9
99.9
99.6
99.8
100.0
100.0
99.8
100.0
100.0
99.6
99.0
99.3
METERING
TBI
.0
.0
.0
.0
0
.0
.0
13.1
37.4
32.4
46.9
43.4
42.2
42.7
40.0
33.2
17.3
10.8
12.3
8.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
PORT
4 .4
3.6
3.8
9.1
14.8
10.8
8.0
8.3
13.2
21.6
24.0
33.0
32.4
48.7
54.9
66.7
82.3
89.0
87.7
91.7
99.8
100.0
100.0
99.6
99.0
99.3
CARB
94.6
95.4
95.1
88.8
77.2
80.9
86.0
73.2
45.1
43.1
26.7
22.9
25.1
8.6
' 5.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
1.0
.9
1.1
2.2.
8.0
8.4
6.0
5.3
4.4
2.8
2.4
. 7
.3
.0
.1
.1
.4
.2
.0
.0
.2
.0
.0
.4
1.0
.7
FOUR
VALVE
1
5.
10
15
.34
38
32
40
50
66
65
61
74
73
67
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.3
.9
.8
.5
. 8
.3
.3
.7
.2
.9
.8
.3
.1
.6
DESIGNED
DOM
94.
.96.
96.
92.
81.
79.
86.
81.
77.
81.
71.
65.
52.
59.
53.
53.
45.
54.
56.
41.
55.
54.
54.
50.
47.
40.
EUR
4 5.
5 3.
6 3.
3 7.
S 18 .
1 20.
0 14 .
4 13.
3 12.
4 6.
7 11.
3 9.
6 7.
2 5.
7 6.
2 5.
9 6.
2 5.
5 3.
9 5.
3 . 7.
0 6.
6 8.
0 10.
1 13.
7 18.
ASIA
6
5
4
7
5
9
0
7 4.
7 10.
7 11.
0 17,
6 25,
4 40.
1 35.
0 40.
9 40
4 47
3 40
0 40
5 52
0 37
1 39
2 37
1 39
5 39
2 41
,0
.0
.0
.0
.0
,0
.0
_ 9
.0
.9
.3
.2
.0
.7
.3
.9
.7
.5
.5
.7
.6
.9
.2
.8
.4
.1
F-4
-------
Table F-5
Appendix F (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 MID-SIZE SEDANS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
• 1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1983
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES FUEL ECONOMY
(000) FRAC CITY HWY 55/45
1631 .198 11.7 16.9 13.6
1964 .202 13.6 19.4 15.7
2226 .197 14.3 20.2 16.4
3339 .299 16.0 23.0 18.6
3211 .297 16.7 23.2 19.1
2987 .316 18.6 26.9 21.6
2902 .332 19.8. 28.6 22.9
2136 .273 20.5 30.5 24.0
2269 .284 20.4 30.3 23.9
2770 .260 20.5 30.6 24.1
2777 .257 21.2 31.9 24.9
2666 .242 21.9 33,. 4. 25.9
2252 .210 22.0 33.6 26.0
2113 .197 22,3 35.1 26.7
2591 .259 22.2 35.3 26.6
2342 .266 21.7 35.1 26.2
2114 .248 21.6 34.8 26.0
2120 .261 21.3" 34.7 25.8
2330 .276 21.6 35.1 26.1
2057 .244 21.4 34.7 25.9
2515 .268 21.5 35.5 26.1
2359 .299 21.9 35.6 26.5
2399 .288 21.9 35.9 26.5
2970 .373 22.4 36.5 27.1
3168 .368 22.4 36.4 27.1
2775 .321 22.4 36.3 27.1
OF MID-SIZE SEDANS:
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
2.7 .0 .6 .0
2.5 .0.' .4 .0
2.1 .0 .3 .0
1.4 .0 1.7. 11.1
5.2 .0 1.9 21.4 •
30.2 .0 7.8 25 .3
32.3 .0. 5,6 52.2
44.7 .0 2.0 82.6
48.9 .0 1.2 80.0
55.1 .0 .9 82.0
61.9 .0 1.3 77.6
71.0 .1 1.8 76.4
77.3 .2 1.5 77.6
87.0 .1 3.8 91.1
86.5 .1 .4.7 91.7
85.2 .2 3.9 93.9
87.2 .1 3.6 94 .5
79.1 .1 2.7 96.6
85.4 .2 2.3 97.2
84.7 .0 2.0 97.7
79.6 .0 2.7 97.2
91.9 .0 4.3 94.9
90.6 .1 2.5 97.5
95.2 .5 3.0 97.0
94 .5 1.5 4.6 95.1
91.6 1.4 5.0 94.5
WGHT
' LB
4630
4558
4473
3820
3710
3362
3346
3321
3316
3318
3318
3241
3247
3293
3314
3450
3412
3515
3515
3529
3546
3527
3551
3534
3546
3558
FUEL
FI
.7
.6
.7
1.4
2.3
2.5
2.4
15.6
17.7
29.4
50.1
67.7
84.1
94.9
99.3
100.0
99.9
100'. 0
100.0
100.0
.100.0
99.7
99.8
99.9
99.9
100.0
VOL
CU-FT
112
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
113,
113
113.
113,
113,
114
114
114,
114.
113.
113.
.9
.0
.1,
.2
.9
.9
.8
.7
.6
.8
.7
.4
.6
.7
.5
.9
.9
.5
.3
.1
.5
.0
.9
.6
ENGINE
CID ' HP
353 158
343
332
292
272
228
220
211
.212
210
205
194
188
183
181
187
191
191
192
189
189
181
184
177
175
174
156
151
135
128
113
107
107
111
113
117
118
123
129
131
140
146
151
153
-55
166
162
170
169
172
182
0-60
TIME
13.9
13.8
13.9
13 .4
13.6
13.8
14.2
14.2
13.8
13.6
13.3
13.0
12.7
12.3
'12.2
12.0
11.5
11.5
11.4
11.4
10.7
10.9
10.6
10.5
10.5
10.0
METERING
TBI
X .
2.
15.
17.
25.
37,
42.
43,
28,
21,
13,
11.
5
4
.4
1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
,5
.3
.4
.2
.6
.1
.3
.4
.0
.0
.3
.2
.3
.4
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
PORT
.7
.6
.7
1 .4
2.3
1.0
.1
.2
.5
3.8
13 .0
25.4
40.7
66.9
78.3
86.6
88,7
94.7
95.6
96.0
98 .9
99.7
99.8
99.9
99.9
100.0
CARB
99.
99.
99.
98.
36.
94.
93.
80.
80.
69.
49.
32.
15.
5,
.3
.4
,3
. 6
.3
.9
.7
.7
.6
.7
.6
,1
.5
.1
.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.4
2 .5
4.0
3.8
1.7
1.0
.3
.2
- .4
.0
.0
.0
' .1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.3
.2
.1
.1
.0
TOP
SPD
115
114
114
113
112
109
108
108
109
110
112
113
114
116
117
119
121
122
123
123
127
126
128
128
129
132
1.
FOUR
VALVE
5.
5.
20,
27
31,
38
47
• 49
57
64
69
.0
.0
0
0
0
0-
0
,0
0
,0
.0
,0
.0
. 1
.8
.;i
.3
.0
.8
.4
.5
.2
.9
.2
.5'
.3
HP/ .
CID
.447 ,
.454 .
.454
.464
.474
.512
,509 .
,529 .
.544
,563
,606
.640
,684
,718 .
,735 .
,758
.773 : .
,801 .
.812 .
,827 .
.889
.906 .
.933 .
,965 .
.994
,052 .
HP/
WT
.0341
.0340
,0337
.0353
,0345
.0336
,0322
,0324
,0336
,0342
.0354
.0364
,0379
.0389
.0396
.0407
.0428
.0427
.0434
.0437
,0465
,0459
.0476
.0477
.0484
.0510
TON
-MPG
31.9
36.1
37.1
35.5
35.6
36.5
38.5
40.2
39.9
40.2
41.5
42.1
42.3
44.0
44.2
45.3
44 .5
45.4
46.0
45.7
46.3
46.7
47.2
48.1
48.3
48.4
CU-FT CU-FT
-MPG TON-MP<
1880
2139
2197
2478
2645 •
2785
2770
2780
2873
2978
2993
3057
3049
3000
2973
2949
2992
2953
2996
3028
305.6
3107
3107
3094
4186
4015
4023
4132
4393
4576
4542
4565
4714
4786
4817
4995
5027
5152
5050
5170
5243
5192
, 5295
5327
5409
5480
5498
5489
DESIGNED
DOM EUR
99.
99.
99.
99.
99.
99.
99.
99.
99.
97.
96,
95,
95,
87.
85.
82.
82
74
72
70.
66
65
63
54
49
- 37
,3
.8
,.7
,8
.5
,5
,9
,8
.3
.3 2.
. 5 - 3 .
.6 4.
.3 4.
.8 5.
.6 3.
.6 4.
.3 3.
.3 2.
.7 3.
.2 3.
.5 3.
.5 4.
.7 6.
.5 5.
.4 8.
.9 12.
ASIA
7
2
3
2
5
5
1
2
7
7
5
4
7
6 6.
8 10,
1 13.
5 14,
3 23
0 24
6 26
8 29
0 30
4 29
9 39
4 42
3 49
.0
,0
0
0
0
0
.0
.0
0
.0
.0
,0
,0
.5
.7.
.3
.1
.4
.3
.2
.7
.5
.9
.6
.2
.8
F-5
-------
Table F-6
Appendix F (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 LARGE SEDANS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
1S55
1679
2319
2048
2111
963
956
832
1079
1236
1512
1267
1218
1303
1289
1092
1012
1240
1103
1277
1306
1066
1195
912
1160
1648
FRAC
.189
.173
.205
.183
.196
.102
.109
.106
.135
.116
.140
.115
.113
.121
.129
.124
.119
.153
.130
.152
.139
.135
.143
.114
.135
.191
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
11.3
12.3
13.8
14.5
15.2
16.3
17.1
17.4
16.9
17.2
18.5
19.6
19.5
19.8
19.6
19.3
19.3
19.4
•'•3. 8
19.9
19.8
19.9
20.1
20.1
20.8
15.2
17.2
19.5
20.9
21.1
24.1
26.7
26.9
26.4
26.9
29.8
32.7
32.8
33.2
33.0
32.8
32.6
33.0
33.4
33.1
34.0
33.9
34.2
34.0
33.8
35.1
13.1
: >.2
15.9
16.8
17.4
19.1
20.4
20.7
20.2
20.5
22.3
23.9
23.9
24.2
24.0
23.7
23.6
23.8
24.2
24.1
24.5
24.3
24.5
24.6
24.5
25.4
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
-5142
5156
4482 128.1
4394 128.5
4210 130.0
4130 130.9
4108 131.0
4034 131.0
4041 131,3
4022 130.9
3841 129.3
3719 127.4
3696 127.0
3730 128.1
3721 127.4
3799 126.7
3893 129.0
3872 129.6
3831 128.9
3858 128.3
3831 127.9
3894 127.6
3821 127.4
3784 127.4
3870 127.1
3792 125.2
ENGINE
CID HP
409
410
366
357
339
314
304
292
292
294
279
260
259
262
261
258
264
262
256
248
248
250
242
240
237
223
180
180
165
162
154
137
133
135
140
140
143
147
149
150
158
161
.178
185
181
^8
206
217
216
218
219
206
o-eo
TIME
13.5
13.4
12.8
12.8
12.9
14.0
14.3
13.9
13.4
13.4
12.7
12.1
11.8
11.9
11.4
11.4
10.7
10.4
10.5
10.2
9.4
9.2
9.1
8.9
. 9.1
. 9.5
TOP
SPD
117
117
118
118
116
112
111
112
113
114
116
119
120
120
122
1 123
127
130
129
131
138
140
141
142
141
138
HP/
CID
.439
.440
.453
.457
.454
.440
.444
.468
.481
.478
.512
.577
.587
.587
.619
.639
.685
.715
.720
.766
.845
.879
.903
.922
.950
.937
HP/
WT
.0348
.0349
.0370
.0370
.0365
.0331
.0325
.0337
.0347
.0349
.0371
.0396
.0405
.0405
.0427
.0427
.0459
.0480
.0473
.0487
.0539
.0557
.0567
.0575
.0567
.0540
TON
-MPG
33.9
36.6
35.7
37.2 •
36.8
39.8
42.6
42.1
40.9
41.3
42.9-
44.5
44.1
45.2
44.7
45.0
46.0
46.1
46.4
46.4
46.8
47.4
46.9
46.5
47.6
48.3
CU-ET CU-FT-
-MPG TON.-MPG
2065
2193
2279
2526
2712
2730
2657
2688
2887
3055
3036
3111
3064
3004
3053
3091
3133
3092
3136
3114
3138'
3143
3142
3197
4573
4775
4783
5213
5571
5517
53.70
5407
5543
5672
5599
5793
5696
5695
5941
5979
5989"
5959"
5993
6047
5980
5931
6046
6045
PERCENT OF LARGE SEDANS:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
31.9
55.9
60.9
58.7
61.9
69.0
59.8
58.5
64.8
69.2
71.2
67.7
72.4
74.2
69.3
77.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
n
.0
.0
.0
.0
.7
.5
.4
.3
.2
.4
.3
.4
.2
.2
.1
.4
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
2.5
6.5
41.6
89.8
93.1
99.9
99.9
100.0
99.2
99.5
99.6
99.7
99.8
99.6
98.5
98.2
99.0
98.2
99.3
99.6
99.9
100.0
100.0
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT
.0
1.2
.5
.2
.2
2.0
17.1
20.1
37.3
39.0
64.0
81.2
85.1
89.5
97.0
98.9
100.0
99.9
100.0
100.0
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
2.
17.
20.
37.
39.
44.
15.
15,
12.
22
6
16
10
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
3
0
9
,8
.2
.6
.2
.0
.7
.7
.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
GARB
.0 100.0
1.2 98.8
.5 99.5
.2 98.5
.2 96.4
.0 87.5
.0
.0.
.0
.0
19.1
65.4
69.9
76.9
74.8
92.9
83.3
89.2
89.7
100.0
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
67.7
69.9
60-3
, 60.3
35.7
18.8
14.9
10.5
3.0
1.1
.0
. .0'
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
1.4
3.5
10.4
15.2
10.0
2.4
.8
.3
.0
.0
.'0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.7
1.1
1.1
.8
.5
.9
1.9
8.0
17.1
30.4
38.4
35.6
39.8
45.3
37.0
DESIGNED
DOM EUR ASIA
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 . 0 '
100.0
99.2
98.9
95.9
96.0
97.5
96.8
97.5
97.7
98.8
93.2
91.8 '
91.0
88.8
90.3
90.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.8
1.1
4.1
4.0
2.5
3.2
2.5
2.3
1.2
2.1
2.1
2.8
2.9
2.4
3.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4.6
6.2
6.2
8.4
7.3
6.5
F-6
-------
Table F-7
Appendix F (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 SMALL WAGONS
MODEL
YEAR
• 1975
197S
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
198S
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
-994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
477
345
384
361
310
310
418
382
531
461
496
348
361
253 •
159
160
209
143
301
206
198
90
149
98
118
94
FRAC
.058
.036
.034
.032
.029
.033
.048
.049
.066
.043
.046
.032
.034
.024
.016
.018
.025
.018
.036
.025
.021
.011
.018
.012
.014
.011
FUEL
CITY
19.3
20.
22,
21.
22,
25.
26.
26.
28.
27.
28.
27.
26.
27.
27,
25,
26,
25
27
27
28
26
27
27
27
23
.7
.4
.4
.5
.1
,2
,5.
.2
.6
,3
.1
.8
.5
.5
.7
.3
.9
.8
.3
.8
.2
.0
.0
.8
ECONOMY
HWY 55/45
27.7 22.4
29
30
2.9
31
34
36
37
39
39
39
37
37
37
38
36
38
37
41
. 42
42
40
41
41
41
37
.4
.6
.3
.2
.6
.6
.6
.1
.4
.7
.6
.4
,6
.3
.3
.1
.8
.2
.4
.6
.4
.7
.8
.9
.6
23.
25.
24.
25.
28.
30.
30.
32.
31,
32.
31,
30,
31,
31,
29
30
30
32
32
33
31
32
32
32
28
.9
.5
,3
.7
,6
.0
.6
.2 -
,9
.5
.0
.7
.3
.5
.6
.6
.2
.5
.9
.3
.6
.2
.1
.2
.5
WGHT
LB
2833
2902
2801
2805
2711
2591
2531
2580
2565
2620
2579
2647
2795
2757
2766
3026
3005
3076
2882
2908
2859
2952
2901
2874
2881
3233
VOL '
CU-FT
108.
108.
105.
108.
110.
112.
108.
116.
117.
118.
120.
118,
118,
122
123
123
123
122
122
118
119
116
119
j.20
.0
.0
,1
,2
,6
.2
.2
,5
,7
,4
.0
.7
.6
.2
.3
.7.
.0
.9
.1
.0
.5
.9
.2
.2
ENGINE
CID HP
128 87
136
134
134
123
113
108
109
105
107
106
113
116
113
112
120
120
122
118
1.1
118
122
124
124
124
132
86
85
90
81
75
79
75
74
77
78
82
91
93
96
110 ,
106
123
99
103
100
114
117
119
120
152
-0-60
TIME
14.8
15
14
14
15
15
14
15
15
15
15
14
14
13
13
12
13
12
13
13
13
12
11
11
11
10
.2
.9
.3
.1
.4
.4
.3
.3
.2
.1
.7
.2
.7
.5
.9
.-3
.4
.5
.3
.4
.5
.8
.7
.7
.5
TOP
SPD
104
103
104
105
102
101
103
101
101
102
102
103
106
107
108
111
110
116
108
110
109
113
116
117
117
125
HP/
CID
.713
.668
.685
.709
.684
.685
.755
.698
.713
.719
.727
.730
.788
.829
.862
.920
.880
1.017
.842
.848
.844
.928
.943
.959
.967
1.156
HP/
WT
.0307
.0297
.0305
.0319
.0295
.0289
.0313
.0289
.0289
.0294
.0300
.0308
.0324
.0336
.0344
.0361
.0350
.0399
.0343
.02--
.0348
.0382
.0404
.0412
.0414
.0467
TON
-MPG
32.1
35.
36.
34.
35.
37.
38.
39.
41.
42.
42.
41,
43 ,
43.
43.
44,
46,
46
47,
48
47,
46
46
46
46
46
0
2
6
0
6
2
6
,5
,1
,2
.3
.2
. 3
.7
.9
.1
.5
.1
.1
.8
.7
.8
.2
.5
.2
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON -MPG
2824
2692
2742
3175
3356
3463
3507
3762
3870
3729
3733
3748
3769
3652
3816
3778
4047
4106
4116
3769
3893
3790
3873
3469
3897
3732
3682
4068
4228
4447
4483
4905
4963
4895
5184
5140
5185
5484
5679
.5756
5794
5S15
5836
5514
5596
5405
5538
5550
PERCENT OF SMALL WAGONS:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
13.3
12.2
23.3
23.0
13 .3
24.4
57.9
68.3
55.4
81.4
60.0
78.4
76.6
80.2
89.9
68.3
79.1
73.0
83 .2
88.6
92.8
84.5
82 .9
78.9
83.0
59.5
12 .
9.
8.
8.
39.
15.
39.
20.
23.
19.
10,
31
20
25
16
10
4
11
14
18
13
25
0
0
0
0
1
8
0
9
3
6
6
.7
.4
.8 '
.1
.7
.9
.5
.2
.6
.6
.2
.4
.3
.0
.7
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
48.6
42.8
52.9
56.3
59.3
67.3
62.0
54.0
51.0
43.. 7
42.7
43 .3
34.4
37.8
26.6
30.6
24 .4
30.9
28 .9
26.3
23.8
20.8
19.6
18.8
26.6
26.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4.6
8.1
19.4
23 .7
39.2
42.2
29.0
41.0
34.6
51.8
58.8
74.1
68.2
70.6
72.1
76.2
79.2
80.4
81.2
73 .3
73.3
FUEL METERING
PI 'TBI PORT
.8
3.2
6.4
6.9
1.0
1.1
4.0
5.6
20.7
37.3
21.7
31.0
71.8
93 .4
89.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.7
17.0
32.2
15.4
24.3
42.6
62.8
48.8
40.6
20.0
4.7
4.2
2.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.8
3.2
6.4
' .9
1.0
1.1
4 .0
4 .8
3 .7
5.1
6.2
6.8
29.2
30.6
41.0
59.4
80.0
95.3
95.8
97.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
CARB
99.
96.
93.
93.
99.
92.
93 .
93.
79
61
77
68
28
6
10
2
8
0
1
.0
.5
.9
.3
.0
.1
.8
.2
.2
.6
.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.6
.0
.0
6.3
2.2
1.2
.3
1.6
.5
.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
,0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
16.3
18.9
36.9
63.6
48.6
43 .9
19.9
20.0
25.7
51.1
40.7
45.6
43.6
84.8
DESIGNED
DOM EUR
34.8
49.7
37.4
33.7
32.5
19.2
41.6
44.9
35.0
53.4
35.2
49.1
35.1
34.5
36.3
21.0
43 .7
40.4
-73.6
15.5
80.2
60.4
71.9
68.7
65.5
15.7
10.9
5.2
7.2
9.6
1.4
6.7
3.5
1.8
1.1
1.4
1.4
1.2
1.8
6.5
2.0
1.2
.0
1.8
.8
1.3
3 .5
7.0
4.6
8.1
6.9
43.9
ASIA
54.3
45.1
55.4
56. ^
66.1
74.1
54.8
53 .3
64.0
45.2
63.4
49.6
63 .1
58.9
61.8
77.8
56.3
57.8
25 .6
83 .2
16.3
32.7
23 .5
23.2
27.6
40 .4
F-7
-------
Table F-8
Appendix F (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 MID-SIZE WAGONS
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
289
485
548
503
482
257
272
284
276
365
341
409
359
285
239
184
122
137
166
138
176
169
149
153
163
231
FRAC
.035
.050
.048
.045
.045
.027
.031
.036
.034
.034
.032
.037
.033
.027
.024
.021
.014
.017
.020
.016
.019
.021
.018
.019
.019
.027
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
11.4
14.0
14.4
16.3
16.9
18.4
20.2
20.6
21.2
21.6
21.6
22.1
21.7
22.0
21.4
21.0
21.4
21.5
21.7
21.5
22.1
21.9
22.0
22.2
21.7
23.2
16.5
19.4
19.6
22.6
22.9
25.8
28.0
28.9
29.9
31.0
31.6
33.1
33.0
34.4
33.8
33.9
34.7
35.5
35.2
35.2
35.6
34 . 7
34.3
33.8
34.3
35.2
13.2
16.0
16.3
18.6
19.1
21.1
23.1
23.7
24.4
25.0
25.2
26.0
25.6
26.2
25.6
25.3
25.9
26.2
26.2
26.0
26.6
26.3
26.3
26.2
26.0
27.4
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
4791
4555
4410 143.6
3836 140.0
3758 139.7
3534 139.7
3285 136.2
3384 136.1
3348 136.2
3298 135.9
3356 130.2
3355 137.8
3434 140.2
3378 139.4
3436 139.9
3498 141.6
3506 142.3
3503 142.6
3498 137.7
3532 137.4
3482 135.9
3661 136.9
3666 136.5
3668 135.3
3680 136.6
3589 134.0
ENGINE
CID HP
361
315
297
258
249
228
193
205
200
172
170
162
173
171
176
181
,181
188
188
180
167
161
160
155
161
152
162
142
135
123
118
107
103
108
109
107
112
115
125
126
132
139
140
143
144
151
148
153
158
169
172
163
0-60
TIME
13.8
14.8
15.1
14.4
14.7
15.0
14.5
14.3
14.1
14.1
13.9
13.6
13.0
12.7
12.4
12.0
12.0
11.8
11.7
11.4
11.4
11.6
•11.3
10.7
. 10.6
11.0
TOP
SPD
115
110 .
109
109
108
106
107
108
108
108
.109
110
113
114
116
118
118
119
120
122
121
122
123
127
127
125
HP/
CID
.473
.458
.459
.484
.480
.482
.562
.551
.568
.633
.679
.718
.735
.743
.765
.782
.794
.777
.790
.863
.915
.965
1.001
1.097
1.079
. 1.074
HP/
WT
.0338
.0311
.0305
.0320
.0313
.0304
.0316
.0320
.0325
.0324
.0334
.0342
.0363
.0372
.0383
.0397
.0401
.0408
. .0411
.0428
.0426
.0422
.0434
.0461
.0467
.0451
TON.
-MPG
32.1
36.7
36.1
35.8
36.1
37.5
38.1
40.3
41.0
41.4
42.4
43.6
44.0
44.5
44.1
44.4
45.5
46.0
46.0
46.0
46.5
48.2
48.1
48.2
47.8
49.3
CU-FT CU-FT-.
-MPG TON-MPG
2368
2630
2698
2985
3187
3265
3368
3428
3280
3592
3606
3677
3597
3593
3701
3747
3626
3584
3627
3614
3590
3560
3560
3710
5190
5010
5046
5231
5187
5481
5586
5622
5531
6014
6182
6199
6177
6281
6484
6560
6340
6327
6313
6612
657-6
6519
6536
6610
PERCENT OF MID-SIZE WAGONS:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
35.6
28.2
32.8
69.9
69.5
82.2
83.9
87.7
77.5
81.1
79.6
80.8
87.0
89.0
64.8
61.0
48.5
32.7
45.0
46.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4.5
2.1
.1
.7
8.2
.4
1.3
.6
.6
.4
27.8
39.0
51.5
64.2
53.0
52.2
4.0
7.1
4.6
Z.3
5.3
9.9
12.8
7.4
6.2
5.4
5.9
9.1
4.4
3.8
7.1
1.7
2.4
1.7
1.8
1.6
10.1
12.9
13.4
13.7
13.5
14.3
.0
.0
.0
. 2
9.1
43.8
28.5
62.6
50.2
62.5
64.7
71.0
83.6
87.2
80.7
87.9
85.6
88.9
91.2
94.0
86.7
87.1
86.6
86.3
86.5
85.7
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT
7.6
3.4
3.5
3 . C
2.5
4.3
6.9
5.7
7.9
30.7
56.2
79.3
94.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.2
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
20.3
30.5
28.0
22.8
29.8
12.3
1.5
.7
.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
7.6
3.4
3.5
3.0.
2.5
4.3
6.9
5.7
7.9
10.4
25.7
51.3
71.7
70.2
87.7
98.5
99.3
99.7
100:0
100.0
100.0
99.2
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
CARB
92.
96.
96.
36.
95.
89.
87.
88.
89.
66.
42.
20
4
2
5 -
2
8
0
8
2
0
8
.8
.0
.6
.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.2
.1
.3
.3
2.5
5.9
5.9
6.3
2.3
2.5
1.8
.2
.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.8
.1
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.0
3 .4
3.6
10.3
17.3
20.1
51.4
63.5
67.6
82.4
68.5
70.3
DESIGNED
DOM EUR
91.7
96.4
96.2
96.7
96.4
93.6
91.2
90.8
90 .5
88.1
83.2
76.2
84 .9
82.3
76.3
79.2
77.0
74.9
68.1
63.3
44.9
44.2
37.7
20.4
32.1
27.4
8.3
3.6
3.8
3.3
3.6
6.4
8.8
9.2
9.5
11.9
11.4
11.1
11.3
13.9
15.6
20.8
23.0
18.5
13.7
21.9
27.0
13.5
10.8
29.0
26.2
33.6
ASIA
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 '
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
5.4
12.7
3.8
3.7
8 .0
.0
.0
6.6
18.2
14.8
38.1
42.3
51.5
50.7
41.7
39.0
F-8
-------
Table F-9
Appendix F (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 LARGE WAGONS
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000) FRAC
1975 197 .024
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993.
1994
1995
1996
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
197S
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
207 .
340 .
293 .
275 .
102
108 . .
146 .
130 .
176 .
145 .
120
88
75 .
63 ' .
31
34 .
27 .
19
16
10 .
9 .
021
030
026
026
Oil
012
019
016
017
013
Oil
008
007
006
004
004
003
002
002
001
001
FUEL
CITY
10.3
11.8
13.6
13.8
14.2
16.3
16.7
16.0
16.3
16.6
17.3
18 .1
18 .3
19.0
18.7
18.8
18.7
18.3
18.1
18.6
18.5
18.7
ECONOMY
HWY 55/45
14.9 11.9
16
18.
19
19.
24,
26.
25.
25.
26.
28.
30.
29.
30.
29.
30.
31.
32.
32.
32.
31.
32.
.5 13.
.7 15.
.7 15.
.3 16,
.2 '19.
.0 19.
.4 19.
.9 19.
.3 19.
.0 20.
.0 22.
,9 22.
.4 22.
.9 22 .
2 22.
,8 22.
0 22.
.1 22.
.0 22.
.9 22.
.8 23.
.5
.5
.9
.1
.1
.9
.2
.6
,9
.9
0
.1
.8
.5
7
,9
.7
5
,9
8
.2
WGHT
LB
5453
5444
4713
4664
4466
4423
4394
4396
4379
4371
4354
4381
4348
4349
4334
4337
4402
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
VOL
CU-FT
163.1
162.4
162.5
161.5
161.4
161.3
161.6
161.7
161.7
161.4
161.8
161.7
161.8
161.6
169.1
170.3
168.9
169.2
167.6
170 .2
ENGINE -....
CID HP"
•410 181
416
365
354
333
323
312
306
307
305
305
304
304
304
304
304
304
338
340
350
350
350
185
161
162
155
134
131
139
142
144
153
146
143
143
143
143
177
177
174
250
250
260
0-60
TIME
14 .0
13.7
13.6
13.4
13 .4
15.2
15.3
14.6
14.1
13.9
13.2
13.9
14.0
14.0
13 .9
13.9
11.9
12.1
12.2
9.1
9.1
8.9
TOP
SPD
116
117
115
116
115
109
108
110
112
112
115
113
112
112
112
112
122
121
120 ,
144
144
147
HP/
CID
.441 .
.445
.442
.460 .
.465 .
.418
.424
.456
.465 .
.472
.504
.479 .
.470
.470
.471 .
.471
.581
.526 .
.513 .
.714
.714
.743 .
HP/
WT
0333
0340
0342
0348
0346
0304
0299
0316
0325
0330
0354
0334
0330
0330
0332
0332
0404
0394
0386
0556
0556
0578
TON
-MPG
32.7
36.9
36.9
37.3
36.1
43.2
44.7
42.6
43.0
43.6
45.6
48.3
48.2
49.7
48.8
49.2
50 .-4
51.1
50.7
51.6
51.3
52.2
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
2567
2601
2633
3152
3273
3130
3174
3227
3382
3558
3583
3691
3643
3664
3877
3865
3804
3878
3824
3946
6008
6056
5872
6975
7199
6872
6944
7049
7360
. 7791
7789
8025
7887
7942
8535
8695
8560
8726
8603
8879
OF LARGE WAGONS:
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
•0
.0
.0
.0
.2
.0
.0
.0
4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
:0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
-.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
74 .0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
•100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 .0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
FUEL
FI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2
.0
24.1
25.8
29.2
23.7
30.3
30.2
33.1
32.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
METERING
TBI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2
.0
24.1
25.8
29.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
80.5
100.0
99.8
.0
.0
.0
PORT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
23 .7
30.3
30.2
33.1
32.7
19.5
.0
.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
CARS
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.6
100.0
73 .3
74.6
89.0
71.3
72 .7
70.4
76.3
69.7
69.8
66.9
67.3
.0
' .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
1.4
.0
26.7
23.2
11.0
4.6
1.5
.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
. 0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DESIGNED
DOM
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
99.
100.
100.
100.
. 100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
EUR
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
ASIA
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.0
.0
.0
.0 ,
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 •
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
F-9
-------
-------
Table G-l
Appendix G
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 1750-LB. CARS
MODEL
YEAR
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1985
198S
1987
19.88
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
SALES
(000)
37
81
38
55
25
4
4
8
10 .
8
OF 1750
FRAC
.003
.007
.004
.005
.003
.001
.000
.001
.001
.001
LB.
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100-. 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FUEL
CITY
51.9
50.8
51.3
47.0
54.1
59.1
59.2
59.1
59.1
60.0
CARS:
ECONOMY WGHT
HWY 55/45 LB
66.1
63.7
65.4
58.7
67.4
74.8
74.7
74.8
74.8
74.7
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
90.1
64.7
100.0
59.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
10.0.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
57". 4 1750
55.9 1750
56.8 1750
51.6 1750
59.4 1750
65.3 1750'
65.3 1750
65.3 1750
65.3 1750
65.8 1750
VOL
CU-FT
82.6
84.6
84.4
84.6
90.9
89.1
89.1
89.1
89.1
89.1
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
2.8 2.8
100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0
lO'O.O 100.0
100.0 100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
ENGINE
CID HP
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
CARB
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
48
46
46
47
49
49
55
55
55
55
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
0-60 TOP HP/ HP/
TIME SPD CID WT
15.7 96 .787 .0274 l
16.3 95 .759 .0264
16.2 95 .756 .0264
16.3 95 .766 .0267
15.4 96 .806 .0281
15.5 96 .803 .0280
14.1 100 .902 .0314
14.1 100 .902 .0314
14.1 100 .902 .0314
14.1 100 .902 .0314
FOUR VEHICLE SIZE
VALVE SMALL MID LARGE
.0 100.0 .0 .0
.0 100.0 .0 .0
.0 100.0 . Q .0
• .0 100 .0 .0 .0
.0 100 .0 .0 .0
.0 100.0 .0 .0
.0 100. 0 .0 .0
.0 100 .0 .0 .0
.0 100.0 .0 .0
.0 100 .0 .0 .0
TON
-MPG
50.4
49.8
50.1
46.0
52.0
57.1
57.1
57.1
57.1
57.6
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
4756 4161
4809 4208
4828 4224
4443 3888
5400 4725
5815 5088
5815 .. 5089
5815 5088
5815 5088
5864 5131
DESIGNED
DOM EUR ASIA
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100 .0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
G-l
-------
Table G-2
Appendix G (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 2000-LB. CARS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
105
154
157
270
234
280
209
157
94
92
62
58
106
186
135
71
142
120
111
97
33
37
13
11
10
13
FRAG
.013
.016
.014
.024
.022
.030
.024
.020
.012
.009
.006
.005
.010
.017
.013
.008
.017
.015
.013
.012
.004
.005
.002
.001
.001
.002
FUEL
CITY
27.3
28.4
31.3
30.9
28.2
29.0
34.3
35.9
38.7
39.4
39.5
31.7
35.7
39.5
39.8
42.6
42.3
42.5
43.6
f *.
48.2
47.2
48.9
47.5
45.3
45.4
ECONOMY
HWY 55/45
38.5 31.4
39
44
41
38
39
44
47
51
52
52
45
46
49
49
55
54
54
56
56
62
60
63
63
59
62
.8
.0
.7
.3
.6
.9
.3
.6
.3
.4
.0
.8
.8
.1
.4
.7
.7
.5
.2
.3
.3
.2
.5
.7
.2
T.1
36
34
32
33
38
40
43
44
44
36
40
43
43
47
47
47
48
48
53
52
54
53
50
51
.6
.0
.9
.0
.0
.4
.3
.6
.3
.4
.6
.0
.6
.5
.5
.1
.3
.6
.9
.7
.3
.4
.6
.8
.7
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
73.
80.
80.
85.
86.
87.
86.
73.
60.
72.
79.
91.
92.
92.
88.
88.
91.
91.
99.
99.
90.
89.
88.
82.
7
3
1
7
7
3
0
5
2
3
9
0
4
7
8
8
1
9
9
9
.5
,7
.0
.3
ENGINE
CID HP
83 54
83
84
90
88
90
86
86
84
86
89
76
70
77
76
72
67
64
67
62
63
72
61
60
61
61
56
61
62
62
63
64
61
.61
67
69
56
55 .
59
59
58
58
56
58
56
57
60
55
55
55
57
0-60
TIME
15.9
15.6
14.4
14.3
14.3
14.3
14.0
14.5
14.4
13.5
13.3
15.4
15.9
15.0
15.2
15.2
15.3
15.6
15.2
1^.7
15.4
14.8
15.7
15.7
15.7
15.3
TOP
SPD
97
97
100
101
101
101
102
100
100
103
105
98
97
99
99
99
98
98
99
98
98
99
97
97
97
98
HP/
CID
.655
.670
.739
.695
.712
.696
.744
.715
.728
.776
.782
.750
.799
.770
.782
.813
.866
.886
.870
.902
.900
.846
.902
.917 .
.902
.931
HP/
WT
.0272
.0279
.0307
.0312
.0312
.0314
.03.21
.0308
.0308
.0335
.0348
.0281
.0276
.0293
.0294
.0290
.0288
.0282
.0291
.0281
.0284
.0298.
.0275
.0275
.0275
.0284
TON
-MPG
31.5
32 .
36.
35.
32.
33.
38.
40.
44.
45.
45.
38.
41.
44,
44
48
47
47
49
49
53
52
54
53
50
53
,9
8
3
3
.4
.8
.7
,0
,0
.5
.9
.7
.4
.5
.0
.7
.8
.2
.6
.8
.6
.4
.6
.8
.0
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
2709
2847
2594
2860
3362
3554
3783
3297
2757
2658
3256
4009
4056
4449
4243
4254
4485
4561
5370
5253
4928
4803
4471
4229
2709
2847
2594
2860
3362
3554
3783
3297
,2757
2658
3256
4009
4056
4449
4243
4254
4485
4561
5370
5253
4928
4803
4471
4229
PERCENT OF 2000 LB. CARS:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
100.0
92.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
82.7
85.1
91.9
98.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
93.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
6.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
100.0
89.7
87.0
100.0
100.0
83.9
90.6
93.0
100.0
96.7
94.7
100.0
80.5
99.0
65.0
89.8
68.4
53.4
76.2
52.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
2.5
.0
3.1
5.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FUEL METERING
FI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
8.1
1.3
11.9
.0
6.3
14.0
57.2
97.4
98.3
99.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
TBI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
19.3
46.9
69.2
86.6
71.3
98.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
84.9
PORT CARB
8
1
11
6
14
37
50
29
13
28
1
15
.0 100
.0 100
.0 100
. 0 100
.0 100
.0 100
. 0 100
.0 100
. 1 91
.3 98
.9 88
.0 100
.3 93
. 0 86
.9 42
.5 2
.1 1
.0
.7
.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
. 3
.0
.0
.0
.9
.7
.1
.0
.7
.0
.8
.6
.7
.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
2 .1
.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
100.0
VEHICLE
SMALL
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100,
100,
100,
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
,0
,0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
SIZE
DESIGNED
MID LARGE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DOM
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
EUR
2.3
10.1
6.0
53.9
39.8
43 .3
5.4
15.3
9.4
.0
.0
61.2
45.9
14.5
1.7
.0
.5
.0
. 0
.0
. 0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
ASIA
97.7
89 .9
9,4 .0
46 . 1-
60 . 2
56 .7
94 .6
84 . 7.
90 .6
100 . 0
100.0
38 .8
54 .1
85 . 5
98 .3
100 .0
99.5
100 . 0
100 .0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 .0
100 .0
100 .0
100 .0
100 .0
G-2
-------
Table G-3
Appendix G (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 2250-LB. CARS
MODEL
YEAR .
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1995
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
375
570
851
886
699
1162
1191
884
985
899
840
745'
461
401
280
97
' 129
146
136
117 '
161
135
87
26
22
62
OF 2250
FRAC
.046
.059
.075
.079
.065
.123
.136
.113
.123
.084
.078
.068
.043
.037
.028
.011
.015
.018
.016
.01-,
.017
.017
.010
.003
.003
.007
LB.
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
46.1
37.5
43 .0
41.6
44.8
57.9
69.8
79.8
93.2
91.1
97.1
96.3
96.3
100.0
100.0.
95 .4
95.7
99.8
98.6
100.0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.6
.0
.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
4.6
4.3
.2
1.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FUEL
CITY
24.0
25.8
27.8
28.1
27.5
28.4
30.2
31.3
31.8
32.6
33.2
34.2
34.8
34.8
34.6
35.6
34.0
35.2
34.4
34 3
35.9
34.5
34.8
34.7
34.5
36.0
CARS:
ECONOMY
HWY
36.4.
36.1
39.5
38.3
37.9
38.9
41.5
42.7
43.7
44.6
44.7
45.3
45.7
45.6
45.4
45.9
44.6
46.9
45.6
47.2
47.8
46.0
46.7
45.9
45.3
49.0
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
90.3
72.2
78.9
80.6
87.0
80.7
82.7
74.9
72.6
71.8
65.3
65.5
70.5
69.9
63.5
70.3
69.6
80.0
76.0
79.9
48.7
29.5
39.1
22.8
13.7
59.9
LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
5.0
6.8
10.2
13.5
21.6
20.1
14.1
18.0
15.0
3.6
22.3
12.5
13.3
16.6
27.7
32.8
4.4
.0
.0
2.8
55/45
28.3
29.6
32.1
31.9
31.4
32.4
.34.4
35.6
36.2
37.1
37.5
38.5
39.0
38.9
38.7
39.6
38.1
39.7
38.7
39.6
40.4
38.9
39.3
39.0
38.7
40. -9
FUEL
FI
22.6
5.7
14.4
16.7
15.6
14.9
6.5
5.7
20.1
23.3
10.2
14.0
13.2
37.5
33.1
59.6
9.9.1
99.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
WGHT
LB
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
VOL
CU-FT
.0
.0
85.5
85.6
88.0
89.6
91.3
92.5
96.4
97.2
96.9
93.1
89.7
91.7
93.4
87.6
90.3
93.2
94.4
95.5
95.8
95.7
92.1
89.8
87.7
95.5
ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/
CID
89
91
90
89
88
92
96
94
94
94
94
93
90
90
89
86
88
89
88
86
84
90
81
80 '
79
86
METERING
TBI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
12.1
16.5
8.6
6.3
3 .4
28.1
28.0
20.3
18.8
2.0
1.8
3.5
30.1
36.9
61.8
.0
.0
.0
PORT
22.6
5.7
14.4
16.7
15. t-
14 .9.
6.5
5.7
8.0
6.8
1.6
7.7
9.9
9.4
5.1
39.4
80.3
97.8
98.2
96.5
69.9
63.1
38.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
CARS
77.4
94.3
83.7
79.2
79.0
75.7
84.3
89.6
78.5
74 .1
89.7
85.9
86.8
62.5
66.9
40.4
.9
.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
HP TIME SPD . CID WT
66 15.3 100 .749 .0294
66 15.3 100 .736 .0296
68 14.8 101 .762 .0303
67 15.0 100 .758 .0298
65 IE. 2 100 .745 .0291
67 15.0 100 .722 .0296
68 14.8 101 .710 .0302
66 15.0 100 .703 .0294
67 14.9 101 .709 .0298
68 14.8 101 .721 .0303
70 14.4 102 .748 .0312
68 14.8 101 .737 .0304
69 14.6 102 .766 .0308
73 14.0 104 .808 .0325
78 13.3 106 .876 .0347
77 13.5 105 .891 .0341
81 12.9 107' .921 .0360
82 12.8 108 .924 .0365
81 .12.8 108 .921 .0362
76 13.6 105 .885 .1 .0
76 13.7 105 .903 .0339
78 13.5 106 .869 .0349
72 14.2 103 .891 .0322
80 13.0 107 .1.002 .0356
79 13.2 106 1.000 .0351
95 11.5 115 1.106 .0425
FOUR VEHICLE SIZE
DSL ..VALVE SMALL MID LARGE
.0 .0 100. 0 .0 .0
.0 .0 100.0 .0 .0
1.9 .0 100.0 .0 .0
4.1 .0 100.0 .0 .0
5.5 .0 100.0 .0 .0
9.3 .0 100.0 .0 .0
9.2 .0 100.0 .0 .0
4.7 .0 100.0 .0 .0
1.4 .0 100.0 .0 .0
2.6 .0 100.0 .0 .0
.1 .0 100.0 .0 .0
.0 .0 lOu.O .0 .0
.0 1.6 100.0 .0 .0
.0 '28.0 100.0 .0 .0
.0 23.1 100.0 .0 . .0
.0 19.3 100.0 .0 .0
.0 18.1 100.0 .0 .0
.0 20.6 100.0 .0 .0
.0 16.1 100.0 .0' .0
.0 7.5 100.0 .0 .0
.0 31.6 100.0 .0 .0
.0 38.4 100.0 .0 .0
.0 17.3 100.0 .0 .0
.0 100.0 100.0 .0 .0
.0 100.0 100.0 .0 .0
.0 100.0 100.0 .0 .0
TON
-MPG
32.1
33.6
36.8
36.8
J3.S
37.1
39.3
40.5
41.2
42.3
42.7
43.8
44.2
44 .2
44.0
45.1
43 .7
45.8
44.2
45.1
45.9
43 .9
44.5
44.2
43 .8
46.2
CU-FT
-MPG
0
0
^799
2814
2813
2956
3187
3328
3528
3657
3678
3627
3534
3603
3655
3456
3444
3796
3710
3830
3908
3733
3S46
3529
3414
3938
CU-FT-
TON-MPG
0
0
3149
3166
3165
3325
3586
3744
3969
4114
4138
4080
3976
4053
4112
3888
3874
4271
4173
4309
4397
420-0
4102'
3970
3841
4431
DESIGNED
DOM
.0
32.9
15.7
13.9
11.3
20.5
33.3
27.0
29.4
36.9
20.9
10.0
7.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
EUR
65.0
36.9
33.6
26.6
27 . ;
26.2
15.7
11.2
7.5
8.4
.0
.0
.0
2.9
.1
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
ASIA •
35.0
30.2
50.7
5° . 5
6
53.3
51.0
61.9
63 .0
54 .7
79.1
90.. 0
92.9
97.1
99.9
100.0
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 .0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
G-3
-------
Table G-4
Appendix G (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 2500-LB. CARS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
406
349
465
782
1078
1172
1531
1442
1240
1529
1699
1622
1975
1802
1335
942
748
525
517
424
484
329
329
209
197
143
FRAC
.049
.036
.041
.070
.100
.124
.175
.184
.155
.143
.157
.147
.184
.168
.133
.107
.088
.065
.061
.050
.051
.042
.039
.026
.023
.017
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
20.9
22.4
25.5
24.6
24.7
24.8
25.8
27.1
28.1
28.4
28.5
29.4
29.3
30.1
30.1
30.9
31.4
31.2
31.6
31."
32.1
32.0
31.7
31.6
30.7
31.3
30.5
33.1
35.8
33.5
33.1
33.3
35.3
38.1
39.1
40.0
40.4
40.9
40.5
40.9
41.5
42.1
43.1
43.8
45.1
44.7
47.2
47.2
46.4
47.5
46.2
47.1
24.4
26.2
29.3
27.9
27.9
28.0
25.4
31.2
32.2
32.7
32.8
33.7
33.4
34.1
34.4
35.1
35.8
35.9
36.5
36.0
37.5
37.4
3-f.O
37.2
36.1
36.9
WGHT
LB
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
VOL
CU-FT
.0
.0
90.3
91.6
90.6
92.3
94.8
91.5
94.8
96.3
98.3
100.0
98.9
99.5
98.0
94.0
94.2
94.1
93.9
94.4
94.1
95.3
94.8
99.6
95.1
97.0
ENGINE
CID HP
95
97
98
101
101
104
108
106
106
107
109
106
104
100
98
97
96
97
99
100
106
103
101
104
104
105
73
73
75
74
72
71
76
72
75
78
82
80
78
78
85
89
91
94
93
91
99
102
98
97
101
102
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
15.2 101.
15.1 10l'
14.9 102
15.1 101
15.4 100
15.6 100
14.8 102
15.4 101
15.0 102
14.7 103 .
14.0 105
14.3 104
14.6 103
14.5 103
13.6 106
13.0 108
12.8 109
12.5 110
12.5 110
12.8 109
12.0 113
11.8 114
12.2 112
12.1 112
11.8 114
11.7 114
HP/
CID
.774
.755
.754
.734
.710
.680
.711
.683
.705
.726
.760
.759
.749
.785
.865
.920
.957
.980
.956
.930
.991
.999
.976
.948
.975
.983
HP/
WT
.0292
.0294
.0299
.0297
.0287
.0283
.0305
.0289
.0300
.0312
.0330
.0321
.0311
.0314
.0339
.0356
.0365
.0376
.0374
.0366
.0396
.0407
.0393
.0390
.0405
.0409
TON
-MPG
30,7
33.1
36.9
35.3
35.1
35.3
37.0
39.4
40.7
41.3
41.5
42.4
42.1
42.9
43.2
44.1
45.0
45.2
46.1
45.6
47.3
47.1
46.6
'46.7
45.4
46.3
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON -MPG
0
0
2674
2582
2543
2607
2816
2898
3104
3194
3284
3399
3330
3418
3384
3330
3407
3416
3465
3455
3569
3613
3557
3722
3482
3622
0 '
0
3343
3227
3178
3259
3520
3623
3879
3993
4106
4249
41S2
4272
4231
4162
4259
4270
4331
4319
4462'
4516
4447
4652
4352
4528
PERCENT OF 2500 LB. CARS:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
36.0
18.3
20.7
34.3
43.7
47.9
53.6
69.3
68.9
75.4
77.1
94.3
97.7
99.7
97.8
94.4
94.7
94.7
95.8
95.2
95.9
94.2
94.4
100.0
90.8
92.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
3.
3.3
2.7
.6
13.1
2.4
9.2
.9
.8
.3
2.2
.1
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
75.3
67.5
69.3
53.2
56.:
52.5
52.4
57.3
51.3
47.3
53.7
49.5
47.7
48.3
52.0
56.7
62.7
53.6
61.9
50.7
48.4
50.1
47.0
38.2
41.4
53.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.9
8.6
20.7
26.4
19.8
22.1
32.6
41.8
37.6
34.2
36.6
46.3
32.8
41.6
45.6
43.7
53.0
61.8
58.6
46.3
FUEL
FI '
20.4
12.9
12.5
8.0
2.3
3,8
4.1
4.6
3.2
13.5
19.9
22.2
33.2
63.4
72.0
95.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
METERING
TBI PORT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
1.6
4.2
5.3
19.5
51.5
47.3
51.0
36.0
17.4
23.3
24.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
20.4
12.9
12.5
8.0
2.3
3.8
4.1
4.6
3.2
11.9
15.7
16.9
13.6
11.9
24.7
44.5
64.0
82.6
76.7
75.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
GARB
79.
87.
86.
92.
97.
93.
93.
92.
96.
84.
78.
76.
66.
36.
28,
4
6
1
3
0
5
4
4
3
4
4
.8
.8
.6
.0
.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
1.2
.0
.6
2.8
2.5
3.0
.4
2.2
1.7
1.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.8
2.7
13.6
24.5
30.1
43 .1
50.6
35.7
46.9
47.4
44.6
38.8
22.9
24.2
29.5
VEHICLE
SMALL
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
96.3
99.3
98.6
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100. C
100.0
SIZE
MID LARGE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
3 .7
.7
1.4
.1
.0
. 0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
,.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DESIGNED
DOM EUR
.0
.0
.0
41.6
46.3
38.0
49.8
'50.3
42.3
46.5
46.6
42.7
28.2
17.1
14.7
11.9
11.0
14.9
22.9
24.6
30.9
33.8
33 .7
45.6
40.4
44.7
47.2
27.1
15 .'8
10.0
5.6
8.2
5.3
5.9
2.4
8.2
10.5
11.7
8.9
.5.7
4.6
3.5
1.4
.4
3.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0.
.0
.0
ASIA
52.8
72.9
84.2
48.5
48 .0
53 .7
44 .9
43.8
55.3
45.2
42 .8
•45.6
62.9
77.2
30.7
84.6
87.6
84 .7
73.9
75.4
69.1
66.2
66 .3
54 .3
59.6
55.3
G-4
-------
Table G-5
Appendix G (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 2750-LB. CARS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
198S
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
281
203
349
498
459
973
714
961
863
2050
1878
1899
1896
1519
1204
1081
1462
1280
1651
1521
1747
1240
1637
1615
1481
1247
OF 2750
FRAC
.034
.021
.031
.045
.043
.103
.082
.123
.108
.192
.174
.172
.177
.141
.120
.123
.172
.158
.195
.181
.186
.157
.196
.203
.172
.144
LB.
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
.4
.9
2.0
.9
5 .4
47.9
70.0
77.9
89.4
87.7
93.3
92.7
95.7
97.4
97.5
99.0
99.3
99.5
98.4
98 .7
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
3.1
4.0
2.2
2.8
2.9
1.9
1.8
1.1
.9
.2
.5
1.6
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FUEL
CITY
18.5
21.1
21.3
21.4
20.5
22.1
24 .0
24.5
26.2
25.9
26.4
26.4
26.5
27.1
•21,. 3
27.6
27.8
27.9
28.1
:s.6
28.9
28.9
29.1
29.4
29.5
29.5
CARS:
ECONOMY
HWY 55/45
27.7
30.4
30.9
.30.9
30.3
33.3
34.2
36.5
37.0
37.5
37.9
38.2
38.4
39.3
39.7
39.5
40.7
41.1
41.7
42.8
43.'1
42.7
43.0
44.1
44.1
43.4
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
70.7
63.5
67.5
66.7
59.6
53.6
36.0
33.7
31.2
30.5
21.8
34.7
31.5
31.0
29.6
25.7
28.1
30.1
27.3
32.1
27.6
25.1
22.1
22.4
24.3
25.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
30.2
33.0
36.3
45.1
47.5
44 .0
58.1
59.2
65.5
68.0
64.4
69.4
66.4
72.4
74.8
77.5
77.3
75.2
73.9
21.7
24.5
24.8
24.8
24.0
26.1
27.7
28.8
30.2
30.1
30.6
30.6
30.8
31.5
31.8
31.9
32.5
32.6
33.0
33.6
33.9
33.9
34.0
34.6
34.7
34.4
FUEL
FI
3.9
3.6
9.4
5.5
6.1
13.8
18.3
12.2
52.9
54 .7
74 .0
84 .7
83.2
78.6
85.6
99.5
99.7
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
WGHT VOL
LB CU- FT
2750 .0
2750 .0
2750 80.3
2750 88.6
2750 82.2
2750 96.0
2750 107.2
2750 104.3
2750 106.3
2750 102.7
2750 102.9
2750 102.0
2750 101.7
2750 102.1
2750 101.7
2750 98.7
2750 100.3
2750 98.5
2750 101.9
2750 101.2
2750 102.6
2750 101.5
2750 100.5
2750 100.5
2750 101.1
2750 100.4
METERING
TBI PORT
.0 3.9
.0 3.6
.0 9.4
.0 5.5
.0 6.1
.0 13.8
' .0 18.3
5.8 6.4
40.6 12.3
42.4 12.2
59.5 14.5
52.6 32.1
58.4 24.7
59.8 18.9
63.8 21.8
43.0 56.5
3.6 . 1 63.5
14.0 85.9
6.2 93.8
.3 99.7
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/
CID HP TIME SPD CID
127 100 12.8 110 .799
121 95 13.4 108 .794
126 . 96 13.3 109 .765
129 94 13 .4 108 .740
132 94 13.6 108 .710
141 93 13.6 107 .665
136 92 13^8 107 .678
124 87 14.4 105 .707
124 88 14.2 105 .712
127 89 14.1 106 .705
128 93 13.6 108 .735
125 95 13.4 108 ' .769
124 96 13.3 109 .790
123 97 13.1 109 .804
118 96 13.3 109 .820
111 100 12.9 110 .919
112 100 12.9 110 .913
110 106 12.3 113 • .972
112 106. 12,4 113 .955
109 108 12.1 114 1.001
109 111 12.0 115 1.017
108 117 11.5 118 1.086
109 112 11.7 116 1.039
110 117 .11.3 118 1.072
110 117 • 11.3 118 1.072
110 121 11.1 119 1.109
HP/
WT
.0365
.0348
.0350
.0344
.0341
.0339
.0333
.0316
.0320
.0324
.0340
.0347
.0350
.0354
•'.0349
.0364
.0364
.0386
.0384
.0394
.0403
.0427
.0409
.0427
.0426
.0441
FOUR VEHICLE SIZE
CARB DSL VALVE SMALL MID LARGE
96.1 .0 .0 100. 0
96.4 .0 .0 100 .0
90 .6 .0 .0 100.0
94 . 5 .0 .0 100 .0
93. S .0 , .0 100.0
86.2 .0 .0 66.9 33
81.1 .6 .0 43.2 56
87.4 .4 .0 69.7 30
46.5 .6 .0 70.5 29
44.3 1.0 .0 85.7 14
25.6 .4 .0 86.0 14
15.0 .3 3.0 91.3 8
16.6 .2 6.9 92.7 7
21.4 .0 7.9 85.9 14
14.1 .3 13.1 '91.2 8
.4 .2. 45.9 100.0
-0 .3 45.0 100.0
•0 .1 52.6 100.0
.0 .0 43.1 100.0
..0 .0 67.4 100.0
.0 .0 74 .7 100 .0
.0 .0 88 .0 100 .0
.0 .0 75.7 100.0,
•0 .0 83.4 100.0
.0 .0 79.9 106.0
.0 .0 93.3 100.0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.1 .0
.8 .0
.3 .0
.5 .0
.3 .0
.0 .0
.7 .0
.3 .0
.1 .0
.8 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
TON
-MPG
30.4
34.1
34.5
34.5
33.3
36.3
38.3
39.6
41.8
41.7
42.2
42.4
42.6
43.5
43.8
44.0
44.8
45.1
45.6
46.5
46.9
46.9
47.0
47.8
47.9
47.6
CU-FT
-MPG
Q
0
2026
2220
2017
2549
2972
3006
3235
3112
3163.
3140
3142
3225
3240
3158
3273
.3234
3378
3423
3500
3458
3436
3490
3520
3473
DESIGNED
DOM EUR
9.2
15.3
21.2
27.7
60.1
69.0
69.8
73 .8
76.3
80 .6
72.9
59 .6
61.0
60.7
64 .3
40.4
46.3
40 .8
52 .8
21.5
53.9
44 . 1
47.0
47.4
43 .5
33.0
17.4
27.3
26 . 8
13 . 9
16.1
6.8
7. 5
6 . 5
7 . 2
2 . 3
3.2
1 . 6
1 .6
6 .3
6 . 2
6.0
5 .3
4 . 7
.3
.6
.9
. 3
.2
. 2
. 0
2.4
CU-FT-
TON-MPG
0
2786
3052
2773
3505
4086
4133
4448
4279
4349
4318
4321
4435
4455
4343
4500
4447
4644
4706
4813
4754
4725
4799
484C
4776
ASIA
73.3
57.4
52 . 0
58 .4
•23 .7
24.2
22 . 7
19 . 8
16 . 6
17.. 1
23 .9
38 . 8
37.4
32 . 9
29.5
53.7
48 . 4
54 . 5
47 . 0
77 . 9
45.2 .
55 . 6
52 . 8
52 .4
56 . 5
64.6
G-5
-------
Table G-S
Appendix G (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 3000-LB. CARS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
VEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
FUEL ECONOMY WGHT VOL ENGINE
(000) FRAC
828
884
584
903
1286
2026
1626
1554
1515
1994
2037
2829
2743
3146
3402
2856
2714
1918
2021
2033
1933
1796
1765
1151
1047
1191
OF 3000
.100
.091
.052
.081
.119
.215
.186
.199
.189
.187
.189
.257
.256
.293
.340
.324
.318
.237
.239
.242
.206
.228
.212
.144
.122
.138
LB.
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
3.5
2.5
3.6
4.4
2.6
32.0
45.4
53.2
63.0
73.9
77.9
82.2
84.1
90.6
91.3
95.0
93.3,
94 .2
94.6
99.1
95.4
96.7
95.5
94 .6
94.3
94.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
«.2
.5
1.0
1.9
1.2
1.4
.7
1.5
.7
.9
.3
2.6
1.8
2.3
2.7
2.4
1.7
CITY HWY 55/45 LB CU-FT CID
18.4 26.8 21.4 3000 .0 147
20.1 29.7 23.5 3000 .0 147
20.2 28.6 ~1.2 3000 87.6 146
19.7 27.3 22.5 3000 97.3 164
19.1 27.4 22.1 3000 96.3 162
20.3 29.4 23.6 3000 100.9 164
21.1 30.0 24.4 3000 103.8 165
21.9 32.6 25.7 3000 104.2 163
22.0 32.8 25.8 3000 105.4 161
22.5 33.6 26.4 3000 104.9 157
23.0 34.5 27.1 3000 106.4 153
23.4 34.9 27.5 3000 106.6 151
23.8 35.4 27.9 3000 106.3 147
24.2 36.1 28.4 3000 105.3 145
24.1 36.2 28.4 3000 105.2 146
24.3 36.2 28.6 3000 103.9 142
23.9 35.8 28.1 3000 104.0 145
24.1 36.4 28.4 3000 102.7 146
24.3 36.9 28.7 3000 102.6 147
%- 5 37.3 29.1 3000 102.9 143
25.0 38.6 29.7 3000 103.6 139
25.1 39.3 29.9 3000 103.1 137
25.1 39.2 30.0 3000 102.5 136
25.3 39.1 30.1 3000 101.1 132
25.6 39.1 30.3 3000 100.0 128
25.0 39.0 30.3 3000 101.1 127
CARS:
HP
98
95
104
102
100
100
101
103
104
107
110
108
111
114
118
121
124
127
125
""24
135
133
134
131
128
129
TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
MANUAL LOCK FI TBI PORT CARB
48.6 .0 17.1 .0 17.1 82
50.4 .0 9.8 .0 9.8 90
51.3 .0 22.4 .0 22.4 77
35.2 .0 18.0 .0 18.0 82
39.7 .0 14.1 .0 14.1 85
30.9 1.0 7.5 .0 7.5 92
21.6 .7 11.9 .0 11.9 87
17.0 65.1 45.5 26.9 18.6 53
17.2 62.7 49.2 26.5 22.7 50
16.2 58.2 57.2 29.6 27.6 42
14.4 53.5 "'2. 2 34.7 37.5 27
15.1 56.4 84.8 49.0 35.7 15
15.7 63.5 99.1 49.5 49.6
17.2 66.8 100.0 30.1 69.9
16.4 71.5 97.4 24.0 73.4 2
20.8 68.8 99.9 25.0 74.9
18.4 72.4 100.0 24.3 75.7
20.3 66.3 100.0 12.8 87.2
19.7 68.9 100.0 13.2 86.8
16.4 75.6 100.0 10.5 89.5
22.1 77.9 100.0 1.4 98.6
20.7 79.3 100.0 .0 100.0
19.8 80.1 99.9 .0 99.9
24.2 75.6 99.0 .0 99.0
38.4 60.8 97.3 .0 97.3
30.3 68.6 98.3 .0 98.3
.9
.2
.6
.0
=
.0
.8
.8
.1 •
.1
.4
.0
.9
.0
.6
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
14
14
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
12
12
12
12
11
11
11
1 1
10
11
11
11
11
11
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.5 .
.4
.7
.7
.8
.4
.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
1.0
2.7
1.7
.4 107
.6 106
.7 109
.9 108
.9 108
.8 108
.9 108
.6 109
.4 110
.3 111
.0 112
.2 111
.9 112
.6 113
.3 115
.0 116
.8 118
.6 119
.8 118
.8 117
.9 122
.0 121
.0 121
.2 120
.4 119
.4 119
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
2.3
10.6
14.6
15.0
36.0
34.4
29.4
37.9
37.1
65.5
61.9
68.0
57.1
48.5
45.5
HP/
CID
.674
.657
.715
.637
.634
.624
.619
.640
.658
.689
.727
.723
.767
.797
.815
.867
.868
.885
.863
.881
.988
.980
.993
.996
1.001
1.017
HP/
WT
.0329
.0317.
.0347
.0339
.0333
.0334
.0335
.0343
.0349
.0357
.0366
.0359
.0371
.0380
.0393
.0405
.0414
.0423
.0417
.0413
.0452
.0444
.0447
.0436
.0427
.0430
TON CU-FT
-MPG -
32.6
35.7
35.3
34.2
33.5
35.6
36.8
39.0
39.1
40.0
41.0
41.5
42.3
43.0
42.8
43.0
42.5
42.7
43.2
43.8
44.7
45.1
45.1
45.4
46.0
45.8
CU-FT-
•MPG TON-MPG
0
0
2078
2215
2152
2392
2544
2717
2749
2789
2906
2956
2997
3017
3001
2980
2943
2928
2959
3002
3090
3095
3079
3062
3072
3103
VEHICLE SIZE DESIGNED
SMALL MID LARGE DOM EUR
100.0
100.0
100.0
62.0 38.
71.5 28.
62.4 37.
55.3 44.
52.5 47.
44.2 55.
44.4 55.
39.8 60.
46.3 53.
52.4 47.
73.1 25.
67.0 31.
79.4 20.
74.6 25
89.6 10
86.7 13
87.2 12
89.5 10
90.9 9
90.3 9
89.0 11
90.8 9
90.6 9
0
0
0
0
5
6
7
5
8
6
2
,6
.6
.6 1
.9 1
.6
.4
.4
.3
.8
.5
.1
.7
.0
.2
.4
.0 69.7
.0 66.5
.0 51.7
.0 71.0
.0 70.5
.0 82.0
.0 78.3
.0 77.0
.0 75.5
.0 79.7
.0 81.5
.1 80.6
.0 71.9
.3 71.5
.1 63.3
.0 51.9
.0 54.3
.0 58.9
.0 58.2
.0 57.5
.0 48.5
.0 54.7
.0 47.2
.0 60.6
.0 46.6
.0 47.4
7.1
4.0
8.7
8.2
4.9
4.1
3.9
5.0
7.5
11.1
11.0
9.3
8 .9
6.5
5-1
1.8
1.6
1.7
1.6
3 .0
5.5
.7.4
8.9
15.0
25.8
29.2
0
0
3117
3322
3228
3589
3816
4076
4123
4183
4359
. 4433
4496
4526
4502
4471
4414
4392
4438
4503
4634
4643
4619
4593
4609
4654
ASIA
23.3
29.4
39.6
20.8
24.7
13 .8
17.8
.18.0
17.0
9.2
7 . 5
10.1
19.2
22 . 0
31.7
46.3
44 .1
39.4
40 .2
39 .5
46.. 0
37.9
43.9
24 . 9
27 .6
23.4
G-6
-------
Table G-7
Appendix G (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 3500-LB. CARS
MODEL
YEAR .
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
1029
933
. 724
2991
2684
2147
1829
1421
1669
2220
2461
2760
2520
2693
2688
2704
2137
2822
2848
2770
3628
3154
3196
3994
4541
4480
OF 3500
FRAC
.125
.096
.064
.268
.249
.227
.209
.182
.209
.208
.228
.251
.235
.251
.268
.307
.251
.348
.337
.32.'
.386
.400
.384
.501
.527
.519
LB.
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2
.0
.5
.9
8.2
35.2
49.2
64.1
72.8
80.6
84.5
79.7
78.6
87.5
84.8
79.4
89.0
88.8
88 .0
89.2
88.7
4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.4
.5
.6
.8
.2
.0
.5
.4
.2
.2
1.9
2.7
1.7
1.6
.9
1.4
2.5
2.9
2.7
2 .4
3.1
FUEL
CITY
15.9
17.2
17.9
17.6
17.8
18.1
19.2
19.3
19.4
19.4
19.7
20.3
20.3
20.9
20.7
21.0
20.9
21.1
21.5
21 5.
21.7
21.9
22.0
22.4
22.6
22.5
CARS:
ECONOMY
HWY
22.0
23.1
24.1
24.6
24.1
25.3
27.4
27.9
29.0
29.2
30.3
32.4
33.2
34.4
34.1
34.5
34.1
34.6
35.1
35.2
35.9
35.8
36.1
36.6
36.6
36.8
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
19.3
17.2
16.2
4.7
4.0
3.1
3.4
6.9
8.7
7 .7
8.3
8.6
8.8
7.9
6.8
6.3
7.4
5.2
4.6
7.4
7.1
7.5
6.2
5.7
6.6
8 .3
LOCK
.0
.0
.0
6.4
16.9
37.9
84 .4
88.4
83.4
88.9
88.8
88.5
87.8
89.7
88.2
89.6
88.2
92.2
93 .7
91.5
91.8
91.8
93 .8
94.3
93 .2
91.4
55/45
18.2
19.4
20.2
20.2
20.2
20.7
22.2
•22.4
22.8
22.9
23.4
24.4
24.6
25.4
25.1
25.5
25.4
25.6
26.0
26.1
26.4
26.5
26.7
27.1
27.3
27.3
FUEL
FI
6.5
5 .7
6.1
1.4
1.3
2.2
3.0
9.5
14 .4
35.6
69.9
80.1
92.1
99.7
100.0
100.0
99.9
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.8
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP
LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD
3500 .0 227 102 15.6 104
3500 .0 231 100 15.8 104
3500 102.4 232 104 15.3 105
3500 111.1 257 119 13.8 111
3500 112.3 252 120 13.7 111
3500 111.3 244 115 14.1 109
3500 113.3 234 113 14.3 108
3500 112.0 237 118 14.0 110
3500 111.8 238 122 13.6 112
3500 109.6 236 127 13.2 113
3500 111.9 228 133 12.7 116
3500 113.5 225 141 12.0 119
3500 114.0 217 147 11.6 121.
3500 113.5 212 151 11.4 122
3500 114.2 207 151 11.4 122
3500 113.0 194 150 11.4 122
3500 111.2 195 156 11.1 124
3500 113.6 192 155 11.2 123
3500 114.2 194 156 11.1 124
3500 111.7 '91 156 11.1 124
3500 111.9 188 166 10.6 127
3500 111.5 181 164 10.7 127
3500 112.4 181 170 10.4 129
3500 111.5 178 170 10.4 129
3500 110.9 176 172 10.3 130
3500 ill. 4 174 176 10.1 131
METERING FOUR
TBI PORT CARB DSL VALVE
.0 6.5 91.6 1.9 .0
.0 5.7 92.9 1.4 .0
.0 6.1 91.1 2.7 .0
.0 1.4 98.1 .5 .0"
.0 1.3 97.9 .8 .0
.0 2.2 96.2 1.7 .0
.0 3.0 94.5 2.5 .0
4.4 5.1 85.6 4.9 .0
5.3 9.1 83.0 2.6 .0
12.1 23.5 63.0 1.4 .0
32.3 37.6 29.5 .7 .0
20.7 59.4 19.3 .1 -1.1
15.0 77.1 7.4 .4 3.1
11.4 88.2 .3 .0 5.0
12.2 87.8 .0 .0 6.9
2.8 97.2 .0 .0 12.3
3.9 96.0 .0 .1 16.1
1.9 98.0 .0.1 24.0
.4 99.6 .0 .0 25.6
.0 100.0 .0 .0 26.0
.0 100.0 .0 .0 37.5
.0 99.8 .0 .2 46.7
.0 99.9 .0 .1 48.5
.0 100.0 .0 .0 56.5
.0 100.0 .0 .0 62.9
.0 100.0 .0 .0 59.1
HP/
CID
.463
.447
.458
.468
.477
.477
.487
.505
.524
.556
.603
.654
.703
.732
.751
.795
.822
.829
.825
.837
.906
.925
.957
.969
.997
1'. 030
HP/
WT
.0292
.0286
.0297
.0342
.0342
.0329
.0322
.0338
.0348
.0363
.0379
.0404
.0421
.0431
.0431
.0429
.0446
.0442
.0447
.1 5
.0473
.0470
.0486
.0485
.0493
.0504
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
97
98
97
34
23
18
13
27
35
39
35
3^
36
30
22
23
30
21
17
27
27
25
25
23
29
29
.7 2.
.1 1.
.1 2.
.2 65.
.4 76.
.4 81.
.7 86.
.8 72.
.0 65.
.5 60.
.1 45.
.2 41.
.6 34.
.5 44.
.8 51.
.6 59.
.7 58.
.8 63.
.0 66.
.8. 55.
.7 57.
.5 64.
.3 60.
.7 65.
.4 61.
.0 54 .
3 .0
9 .0
9 .0
8 .0
6 .0
4 .1
2 .0
2 .0
0 .0
5 .0
3 19.6
3 25.5
1 29.3
5 24.9
7 25.5
0 17.4
0 11.3
6 14.7
5 16.5
9 16.3
4 14.9
3 10.2
1 14.6
6 10.7
7 8.9
3 16.7
TON
-MPG
32.4
34.3
35.9
35.5
J5.4
36.5
39.1
39.6
40.2
40.4
41.0
42.9
43.1
44 .6
44.2
44.7
44.5
44 .9
45.7
45.8
46.4
46.5
46.9
47.6
47.9
47.9
CU-FT
-MPG
0
0
^104
2253
2273
2325
2534
2546
2577
2538
2629
2787
2818
2902
2887
2893
2837
2917
2986
2926
2966
2966
3014
3035
3040
• 3053
CU-FT-
TON-MPG
0
0
3682
3943
3978
4068
4435
4455
4509
4442
4600
4878
4931
5078
5052
5063
4964
5104
5226
5121
5191
51.91
5274
5311
5321
5343
DESIGNED
DOM
91.4
92 .1
90.6
98.0
97.7
96.2
94.5
91.2
90.1
90.0
86.1
87.1
80.3
84.4
83.0
76.8
72 .0
69.9
72.6
' 70.1
64.7
59.9
57.4
54 .6
54.3
49.4
EUR
8.6
7.9
9.4
2 .0
2 . J
3.8
5.2
6.0
4.7
4 .4
4.3
5.0
6.2
5.2
5.8
7.9
8-. 3
5.8
5.5
6.1
6.2
5.8
6.5
6.5
6.8
9.2
ASIA
.0
.0
.0
- o
' .0
.3
2.7
5.2
5.6
9.5
8.0
13.5
10.4
11.2
15.3
19.7
24.3
21.8
23 .7
29.1
34 .3
36.1
38.9
38.9
41.4
G-7
-------
Table G-8
Appendix G (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 4000-LB. CARS
MODEL SALES
YEAR <000) FRAC
197S 1089 .132
1976 1977 .203
1977 3323 .294
1978 2235 .200
1979 2643 .245
1980 1316 .139
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
1312
1215
1445
1702
1671
918
912
829
860
986
1114
1166
1059
1342
1281
1092
1259
922
1196
1414
.150
.155
.181
.159
.155
.083
.085
.077
.086
.112
.131
.144
.125
.159
.136
.138
.151
.116
.139
.164
FUEL ECONOMY WGHT VOL ENGINE
CITY HWY 55/45 LB CU-FT CID HP
13 8 18.6 15.6 4000 ' .0 292 130
15 6 21.2 17.7 4000 .0 280 122
15 8 21.4 17.9 4000 113.5 293 133
15 7 21.9 18.0 4000 114.9 305 145
is!e 21.5 17.8 4000 119.6 311 147
16.2 23.5 18.8 4000 122.4 302 136
17.2 26.0 20.3 4000 123.2 295
17.3 26.7 20.6 4000 126.4 287
17 1 26.4 20.3 4000 126.7 287
17°3 26.8 20.6 4000 126.3 289
18.2 28.6 21.7 4000 125.3 294
18.4 29.1 22.1 4000 124.9 299
18.3 28.4 21.7 4000 122.2 294
18.5 29.4 22.2 4000 125.8 289
ig'.l 30.6 23.0 4000,125.1 275
19.0 31.0 23.0 4000 123.1 263
19.1 31.7 23.3 4000 124.9 265
19.3 31.8 23.4 4000 123.4 258
19.4 31.9 23.6 4000 121.9 253
19.? 31.8 23.5 4000 121.5 248
19.2 32.3 23.5 4000 121.3 253
19.5 32.9 23.9 4000 124.1 249
19.5 32. S 23.8 4000 123.1 248
19.6 32.4 23.8 4000 123.0 247
19.6 32.9 24.0 4000 122.6 238
19.9 33.3 24.3 4000 122.5 235
133
135
139
139
148
154
157
160
154
165
186
198
198
204
219
218
225
234
232
229
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
14.5 110.
15.4 108
14.2 111
13.1 115
13.0 116
13.9 112
14.
13.
13.
13.
12.
12
12
12
12
12
10
10
10
10
9
9
9
8
9
9
0 112
8 11.2
,4 113
,4 113
.8 116
.4 118
.3 119
.1 120
.5 118
. 0 122
.7 129
.2 133
.3 133
.0 135
.4 140
.5 139
.3 142
.9 145
.0 144
.1 143
HP/ HP/
CID WT
.443 .0325
.433 .0305
.453 .0333
.474 .0362
. .472 .0367
.453 .0339
.458 .
.479 .
'.490
.485
.508
.520 .
.551. .
.569 .
.576 .
.643 . .
.718 .
.788 ,
.806
.842
.885
.885
.913
.963
1.003
1.001
0334
0339
0348
0347
0371
0384
0392
0400
C386
0412
.0466
,0495
.0494
.0510
.0547
.0546
.0562
.0585
.0581
.0572
TON CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG -MPG TON-MPG
31.8 0 0
35.7 0 . 0
36.0 2044 4087
36.2 2092 4184
35.8 2150 4300
38.3 2349 4698
41.2 2542
41.6 2626
40.9 2588
41.3 2603
43.6 2733
44.3
43.7
44.6
46.2
46.2
46.7
47.0
47.3
47.1
47.1
47.9
47.8
47.8
48.1
48.8
2774
2676
2819
2892
2842
2917
2905
2882
2860
2859
2975
2939
2935
2946
2991
5085
5252
5176
5207
5467
5548
5352
5639
5783
5684
5835
5810
5764
5720
5717
5950
5879
5870
5892
5983
OF 4000 LB. CARS:
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
5.3
10.9
11.1
11.1
12.5
12.8
13.0
.2
1.1
6.3
8.9
33.2
38.6
41.3
39.2
45.6
44.7
51.6
50.7
50.7
53.3
51.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
2.3
.9
1.3
1.3
1.1
.0
.7
.4
.3
.0
.1
.9
1.9
.7
.2
.6
.7
.9
4.4
5.7
5.7
TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
MANUAL LOCK FI TBI PORT CARB
it f r\ fi fl 6 99 .
7.6 • v • o • u • v -* ^ •
f n n A ("1 4 99
6.9 .0 • ** • u • ^ -'-'•
-» -» n E; fl S 99
3.3 • U -3 -u • *•* * * '
3.0 10 .4 .9 *0 - 9 98 .
*•» -* i n "* Q fl 78 94
2._ TO. •£ . o • u ^ . o j •* •
.9 40.1 7.4 4.5 2.5 83.
.9 82.8 11.5 10.3 1.2 75.
.0 89.6 20.5 18.7 1.8 70,.
.0 94.6 39.9 38.0 2.0 55,
.0 95.8 43.2 41.1 2.1 53
.1 94.8 45.2 41.4 3.8 52
.2 92.5 52.7 4.4 48.3 46
4.0 87.9 54.1 3.2 50.9 44
1.6 92.7 77.2 2.2 75.0 22
2.5 92.5 98.0 13.6 84.4 . 2
1.8 95.5 99.9 4.6 95.3
1.9 95.4 99.6 12.9 86.8
1.6 97.3 100.0 5.2 94.8
.9 97.1 100.0 4.3 95.7
.8 97.3 100.0 -0 100.0
1.2 96.4 99.6 -0 99.6
1.1 97.1 99.8 .0 99.8
1.0 99.0 99.8 .0 99.8
1.2 98.8 99.6 .0 99.6
2.1 97.9 99.7 .0 99.7
2.5 97.5 100.0 .0 100.0
4
0
3.
4
0
DSL
.0
.6
.4
.7
2.3
9.6
.3 13.2
.0 9.4
.7 4.4
.9 2.8
.7 2.0
.8
.7
.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.5
1.2
.0
.0
.1
.4
.0
.0
.0
.4
.2
.2
.4
.3
.0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.1
4.5
5.5'
4.0
10.5
10.4
15.9
31.9
40.8
48.9
48.3
48.2
49.1
50.4
48.0
VEHICLE SIZE DESIGNED
SMALL MID LARGE DOM EUR
94.4 4.
82.6 17.
51.9 19.
40.8 18.
24.1 24.
15.7 29.
12.2 29.
5.6 28.
5.8 23.
5.1 22.
5.2 30.
6 1.
1
3 28.
9 40.
7 51.
2 55.
1 58.
1 56.
4 70.
8 72.
7 64.
0 98.4
3 98.6
9 99.1
4 98.4
2 98.3
1 97.4
8 97.5
3 95.2
8 95.0
1 95.8
2 94.3
9.4 26.6 64.0 91.9
12.7 31.9 55.3 86.2
10.8 21.1 68.1 86.7
8.0 28.1 63.9 89.2
5.3 33.9 60.8 85.7
5.9 26
14.1 22
16.2 30
15.3 28
16.3 30
9.1 30
9.3 35
9.8 40
8.? 35
8.9 32
.7 67
.5 63
.9 52
.7 55
.4 53
.4 60
.3 55
.4 49
.1 55
.0 59
.4 86.9
.4 79.1
.9 74.9
.9 79.1
.3 81.6
.5 87.7
.4 82.7
.7 71.5
.9' 72.4
.1 71.0
1.6
•1.4
.9
1.6
l'.7
2.6
2.5
4.8
5.0
4.2
5.7
7.1
9.6
10.9
8 .7
6.1
5 .6
4.1
5.1
5.9
8.3
5.1
10.3
17.0
21.2
23.7
ASIA
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
, .0
.0
.0
.0
1.0
4 .3
2.4 •
2.1
8 .1
7.5
16.8
20 .0
15.0
10.1
7.3
7.0
11.6
6.4
5.3
G-8
-------
Table G-9
Appendix G (Continued) '
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 4500-LB. CARS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995 .
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
1791
2223
3496
1997
1527
363
318
183
188
185
104
101
78
105
87
67
72
113
84
88
. no
96
37
31
93
81
OF 4500
FRAC
.217
.229
.309
.179
.142
.038
.036
.023
.023
.017
.010
.009
.007
.010
.009
.008
.009
.014
.010
.010
.012
.012
.005
.004
.011
.009
LB.
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
.9
2 .0
1.3
2 .7
4 .4
7 . 5
8.6
6 .3
1.4
.6
.1
.0
. 0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. 0
. 0
.0
.0
. 0
.0
. 0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. 0
.5
.4
.0
.0
.0
6.2
FUEL
CITY
12.4
13 .6
14.5
14.0
14.3
16.0
17.1
17.5
16.4
16.7
17.3
17.7
18.3
18.8
18.1
16.8
17.2
17.9
17.8
13.2
18.3
18.6
18.4
18.2
16.7
18.5
CARS:
ECONOMY
HWY 55/45
17.6
19.3
20.0
20.6
20.3
24.4
26.8
27.7
26.7
26.9
28.4
28.9
30.4
30.3
28.9
27.3
28.5
30.7
31.5
31.0
30.9
31.9
29.7
29.6
27.3
29.8
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
.6
.1
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.7
.2
.2
.2
.5
.4
.1
.2
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
12.9
9.3
54.2
61.7
99.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
91.2
100.0
100.0
96.2
84.4
82.1
89.6
96.0
93.6
82.4
90.7
99.9
99.8
100.0
99.9
14.3
15.7
16.5
16.3
16.5
19.0
20.4
21.0
19.9
20.2
21.0
21.5
22.3
22.6
21.8
20.3
20.9
22.1
22.1
22.4
22.4
22.9
22.2
22.0
20.2
22.3
FUEL
FI
1.6
, 2.3
1.6
3.1
3 .4
.0
29.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
8.7
.1
2.9
8.0
51.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
45.00 .0
4500 .0
4500 118.7
4500 123.8
4500 127.6
'4500 137.3
4500 137.1
4500 148.3
4500 146.6
4500 152.0
4500 160.2
4500 156.5
4500 160.2
4500 144.8
4500 141.1
4500 130.1
4500 133.6
4500 137.2
4500 141.3
4500 136..8
4500 127.6
4500 131.5
4500 109.2
4500 100.4
4500 121.4
4500 112.5
METERING
TBI PORT
.0 1.6
.0 2.3
.0 1.6
.0 -3.1
.0 3.4
.0 .0
29.7 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 8.7
.0 .1
.0 2.9
.0 8.0
30.5 20.5
73.8 26.2
87.8 12.2
89.4 10.6
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100:0
ENGINE
CID HP
347 158
346 157
346 157
356 161
353 157
350 137
343 127
323 127
311 143
308 148
306 150
308 150
306 140
305 ' 144
306 151
322 178
312 201
334 191
339 187
344 255
310 257
323 260
257 271
272 287
283 211
278 283
'0-60 TOP HP/ HP/
TIME SPD CID WT
13.6 116 .455 .0351
13..5 115 .454 .0349
13.4 115 .454 .0349
13.1 117 .453 .0358
13.4 115 .445 .0349
15.1 109 .394 .0305
16.1 106 .374 .0282
16.1 106 .401 .0283
14.4 111 .463 .0318
14.0 113 1482 .0329
13.8 113 .490 .0333
14.0 113 . .485 .0333
14.6 110 .458 .0311
14.4 111 , .474 .0321
14.1 114 .494 .0336
12.6 122 .555 .0397
11.3 129 .648 .0448
11.6 126 .587 .0424
11.8 124 .567 .0416
9.0 145 .747 .0567
9.0 146 .867 .0572
8.9, 147 .826 .0578
8.7 150 1.057 .0602
8.3 155 1.059 .0637
10.9 132 .747 .0470
8.3 154 1.022 .0629
FOUR VEHICLE SIZE
CARB DSL VALVE SMALL MID LARGE
98.4
97.7
98.4
95 . 7 1
91.1 5
71.3 28
26.1 44
54.7 45
87.7 12
95.8 4
98.9 1.
91.3
99.9
97.1
92.0
48.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
•0 .0 27.6 69.7 2.7
•0 .0 28.0 69.8 2.2
•0 .0 24.9 49.9 25.2
-5 .0 2.9 48.9 48.2
•5 .0 3.7 35.9 60.4
•7 .0 .1 7.6 92.3
-2 .0 .0 8.6 91.4
•3 .0 .2 6.3 93.5
•3 .0 .0 1.4 98.6
.2 .0 .0 .6 99.4
•1 -0 .1 .1 99.8
. 0 .0 .0 8.7 91.2
.0 .0 .1 21.6 78.3
0 .0 .0 2.8 97.1
.0 .0 3.8 4.2 92.0
0 4.2 9.4 11.1 79.5
0 11.6 13.8 12.5 73.8
0 5.0 6.5 1.4 92.0
0 9.3 4.8 5.8 89.4
0 8.9 9.3 2.3 88.5
0 35.3 10.8 16.6 72.6
0 23.5 6.9 5.4 . 87.7
0 96.8 17.4 27.9 54.7
0 94.4 27.8 15.7 56.5
0 28.5 8.7 13.0 78.3
0 1.5 13.6 11.1 75.3
TON
-MPG
32.5
35.6
37.4
37.0
37.4
43.7
47.3
48.6
45.2 .
45.6
47.3
48.6
50.1
51.1
49.3
46.3
47.6
49.9
49.9
50.6
50.6
51.6
50.1
49.6
45.8
50.2
CU-FT
-MPG
0
0
1973
2038
2122
2661
2876
3153
2935
3074
3369
3398
3570
3296
3118
2729
2894
3070
3151
3101
2882
3025
2451
2236
2458
2520
DESIGNED
DOM EUR
98. 9
99.4
99.7
99.6
99.3
99.9
100.0
100.0
99 .7
100.0
100.0
91 .2
99.9
97.1
92.0
79.5
73 .8
87.8
89.4
88.5
63.1
74.7
.9
1.4
63 . 9
7.2
1 . 1
. 6
.3
. 4
. 7
.1
. 0
.0
. 3
. 0
.0
8 . 8
2 . 9
8 .0
20.5
23 . 0
11.5
10.4
9.4
36.1
24 . 9
99 . 1
98 . 6
36 .1
92.8
CU-FT-
TON-MPG
0
0
4440
4586
4775
5988
6471
7095
6603
6917
7579
7646
8033
7416
7016
6140
6511
6908
7089
6978
6485
6805.
5515
5031
5530.
5670
ASIA
. 0
. 0
. 0
. 0
. 0
.0
. 0
.0
. 0
. 0
.0
. 0
. 0
. 0
. 0
.0
3 . 2
7
.2
2 . 1
.8
. 4
. 0
. 0
.0
G-9
-------
Table G-10
Appendix G (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 5000-LB. CARS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
1505
1494
1051
477
182
2
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
0
10
16
11
16
7
9
6
22
1
FRAC
.183
.154
.093
.043
.017
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.001
.002
.001
.002
.001
.001
.001
.003
.000
FUEL
CITY
11.1
12.8
12.1
12.4
12.3
11.0
10.3
9.7
10.1
9.8
9.5
9.3
10.1
10.7
10.8
9.3
14.7
16.1
16.7
j
16.4
16.6
16.7
16.6
15.2
ECONOMY
HWY 55/45
16.0
17.8
17.7
18.6
18.2
15.2
14.2
13.6
14.0
13.6
13.2
13.1
13.6
15.1
15.2
13.9
21.9
24.1
26.3
25.6
27.1
27.4
27.2
27.2
25.9
12.9
\4.6
J.4.1
14.6
14.4
12.5
11.7
11.2
11.5
11.2
10.9
10.7
11.4
12.3
12.4
10.9
17.3
18.9
20.0
19.8
19.9
20.2
20.2
20.1
18.6
WGHT
LB
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
VOL
CU-FT
.0
.0
129.7
132.3
126.5
121.9
122.2
121.4
126.4
122.1
113.5
114.2
113.0
112.0
112.9
95.9
126.0
125.8
124.6
119.7
125.5
125.1
126.1
120.8
120.1
ENGINE
CID HP
388
378
387
403
396
382
387
378
373
374
394
378
410
408
410
326
283
247
256
280
286
288
283
289
319
166
166
175
179
169
156
156
176
157
176
187
205
191
207
206
240
297
263
274
:gi
303
304
299
304
319
0-60
TIME
14.0
13.9
13.3
13.1
13.7
14 . 6 ,
14.6
13.7
14.7
13.7
12.9
12.2
12.4
11.6
11.6
10.3
9.1
9.8
9.4
. .1
8.6
8.6
8.7
8.5
8.2
TOP
SPD
115
115
117
118
115
112 ,
112
117
112
117
121
125
122
126
126
135
152
142
145
150
153
154
152
153
158
HP/
CID
.429
.440
.453
.445
.426
.409
.402
.482
.426
.485
.494
.574
.466
.509
.502
.736
1.041
1.072
1.073
1.034
1.058
1.057
1.059
. 1.053
1.003
HP/
WT
.0333
. 033.3
.0351
.0358
.0339
.0312
.0311
.0353
.0314
.0351
.0375
.0409
.0382
.0413
.0411
.0480
.0594
.0526
.0548
.0583
.0605
.0608
.0598
.0608
.0638
TON
-MPG
32.6
36.7
35.5
36.7
36.7
31.5
,29.4
28.0
28.9
28.1
27.2
26.8
28.6
30.9
31.0
27.3
44 .0
47.6
50.4
50.1
49.9
50.6
50.5
50.4
46.8
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
0
0
1843
1947
1861
1549
1446
1362
1463
1375
1234
1223
1295
1384
1400
1048
2213
2392
2510
2407
2509
2534
2552
2438
2246
0
0
4606
4869
. 4653
3873
3615
3405
3658
3439
3085
3058
3236
3461
3500
2620
5532
5981
6276
6019
6273
6336
6380
6095
5616
PERCENT OF 5000 LB. CARS:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
.0
.3
3.3
4.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
14.1
.0
.0
.0
14.2
6.5
15.8
16.3
30.6
1.8
4.9
.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
FUEL
FI
.0
.0
.7
.4
.9
6.7
100.0
85.8
93.5
84.2
83.7
69.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
89.1
100.0
100.0
95.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
METERING
TBI PORT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
57.4
41.5
74.2
46.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.7
.4
.9
6.7
42.6
44.2
19.3
37.4
83.7
69.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
89.1
100.0
100.0
95.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
CARB
100.0
100.0
99.3
98.7
90.0
93 . .
.0
14.2
6.5
15.8
16.3
30.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.9
9-1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
10.9
.0
.0
4.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
89.1
93 .5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
94.5
.0
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
.0
.0
15.2
.0
.0
31.2
6.6
.0
2.4
1.4.
2.3
1.6
1.8
4.9
2.0
100.0
.0
.0
10.0
37.5
11.6
13.4
8.7
30.9
.0
33.5
28.7
25.8
18.5
39.4
.0
36.0
58.5
23.4
51.7
97.7
98.4
98.2
95.1
98.0
.0
.0
1.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.6
.0
66.5
71.3
59.0
81.5
60.6
68.8
57.4
41.5
74.2
46.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
100.0
98.6
90.0
62.5
88.4
86.6
91.3
67.6
100.0
DESIGNED
DOM EUR ASIA
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
68.8
57.4
41.5
74.2
46.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
31.2
42 .6
58.5
25.8
53.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 .0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
..0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. 0
.0
.0
.0
.0
G-10
-------
Table G-ll
Appendix G (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 5500-LB. CARS
MODEL
YEAR .
1975
1976
1977
.1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1394
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
828
934
298
134
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
3
3
3
1
2
0
0
OF 5500
FUEL ECONOMY
FRAC
.100
.096
.026
.012
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.ooc
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
LB.
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
8.2
7.4
15.9
33.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
73.2
94.1
.0
.0
4WD
.0
.0
0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
CITY
10.5
11.6
10.7
10.8 .
9.8
9.6
9.2
8.9
9.4
9.4
9.4
9.4
9.5
10.6
10.8
11.3
11.4
11.7
13 .3
14. J
15.4
15.3
14.8
13.4
12.4 •
13.3
CARS:
HWY
15.1
16.2
16.1
16.6
12.9
12 .6
12.6
12.2
13 .7
13.8
13.8
13.8
13 .2
14.8
15.4
16.2
16.3
18.8
19.9
22.8
23.4
22.3
24.6
25.4
20.3
20.7
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
100.0
56.9
92.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
55/45
12.2
13.3
12.6
12.8
11.0
10.7
10.5
10.1
10.9
11.0
11.0
11.0
10.9
12.2
12.5
13.1
13.2
14.1
15.6
17.7
18.2
17.8
18.1
17.0
15.0
15.8
FUEL
FI
.0
2.9
3.1
30.0
.0
5.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 .0
100.0
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
5500 .0
5500 .0
5500 131.8
5500 130.7
5500 112.7
5500 100.7
5500 98.8
5500 92.5
5500 92.3
5500 92.6
5500 92.5
5500 92.4
5500 92.0
5500 91.3
5500 103.8
5500 107.2
5500 107.5
5500 107.2
5500 126.5
5500 141.3
5500 143.1
5500 12.5
5500 149.9-
5500 142.7
5500 108.4
5500 j.13.9
METERING
TBI PORT
.0 .0
.0 2.9
.0 3.1
.0 30.0
.0 .0
.0 5.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
28.2 71.8
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
ENGINE
CID
458
460
447
445
417
412
412
412
412
412
412
412
412
412
412
412
412
412
374
:.56
354
357
315
287
412
35.0
HP
208
203
194
191
174
170
170
170
170
170
170
170
187
205
259
250
237
258
290
262
252
261
312
303
350
329
0-60
TIME
12 .6
12.7
13.2
13.3
14 .4
14.7
14.7
14.7
14.7
14.7
14.7
14.7
13.7
12.6
10.7
11.0
11.4
10.7
10.4
10.5
10.7
10.4
9.0
9.2
8.2
8.6 .
TOP
SPD
123
121
119
118
114
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
117
122
136
134
131
136
144
137
134
137
150
148
160
155
FOUR
CARB. DSL VALVE
100.
97.
96.
70.
100.
95.
0
1
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
C
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 .
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 43.
.0 7.
.0 . .
.0
.0" 73.
.0 94 .
.0
.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 .
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 .
0
0
0
1
6
0
0
2
1
0
0
HP/
CID
.454 .
.443
.435
.429
.417
.413
.413
.413
.413
.413
.413
.413
.454
.498
.630
.607
.577
.625
.777
.735
.712
.734
1.011
1.0S2
.850
.947
HP/
WT
.0378
.0370
.0353
.0348
.0317
.0309
.0309
.0309
.0309
.0309
.0309
.0309
.0340
.0373
.0472
.0455
.0432
.0468
.0527
.0 - .5
.0459
.0475
.0567
.0551
.0636
.0599
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
5.2 11
5.8 12
.4 32
.7 33
58.8
100.0
100.0'
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
47.2 52
18.0 82
16. S 83
15.6 84
10.9 1.1
1.5 6
1.4 5
1.4 10
3.0 23
1.9 4
16.3 83
26.6 69
.3 83.4
. 1 82.1
.7 66.9
.7 65.6
.0 41.2
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.8 .0
.0 .0
.5 .0
.4 .0
.8 71.3
.8 91.6
.9 92.7
.0 88.6
.9 73.2
.0 94.1
.7 .0
.8 3.6
TON
-MPG
33.6
36.6
34.8
35.3
30.4
29.6
28.9
27.9
30.1
30.1
30.2
30.1
30.1
33.4
34.4
36.0
36.2
38.9
43.2
48.9
50.4
49.2
50.3
46.9
41.3
43.6
CU-FT
-MPG
0
0
1664
1682
1247
1084
1043
937
1010
1015
1015
1012
1007
1109
1300.
1405
1414
1517
2008
2526
2631
196
2793
2439
1627
1809
CU-FT-
TON-MPG
0
0
4 5 77
4625
3430
2982
2869
2577
2778
2792
2792
2784
2771
3050
3576
3863
3890
4173
5521
6946
7235
. 538
7681
6709
4475
4974
DESIGNED
DOM
99.9
99.9
99.6
99.3
41.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
28.2
84.0
92.7
88.6
73.2
94.1
.0
.0
EUR
.1
.1
.4
. 7
58 .8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 .0
100.0
100.0
100.0
71.8
16.0
7.3
11.4
26.8
5.9
100.0
100 .0
ASIA
.0
.0
.0
~
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 .
.0
.0
G-ll
-------
Table G-12
Appendix G (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 6000-LB. CARS
MODEL
YEAR
1985
1986
1987
1988
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1985
1986
1987
1988
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
OF 6000
FRAC
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
LB.
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4WD
.0
.C
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
8.9 12.2 10.1
8.9 12.2 10.1
9.3 12.3 10.4
10.5 14.0 11.8
15.1
. 11.5
11.5
12.3
12.3
12.3
12.3
12.4
CARS:
22.1
18.7
18.8
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
17.6
13.9
13. 3
14.9
14.9
14.9
14.9
15.0
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
6000 157.5
6000 157.5
6000 157.5
6000 157.5
6000 145.5
6000
6000
.6000
6000
6000
6000
90.6
90.6
88.9
88.9
88.9
91.1
6000 113.2
ENGINE
CID HP
412 170
412 170
412 173
412 205
350 175
412 241
412. 280
412 350
412 350
412 350
412 350
412 350
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
15.7 110
15.7 110
15.5 111
13.5 119
15
11
10
8
8
.8
8
8
FUEL METERING
FI
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
TBI
.0
.0
.0
.0
99.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
PORT
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
CARB
.0
. ;
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.3 111
.9 128
.7 137
.8 155
.8 155
.8 155
.8 155
.8 155
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
HP/
CID
.413
.413
.420
.498
'.500
.585
.679
.850
.850
.850
.850
.850
VEHICLE
SMALL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0 ,
HP/
WT
.0283
.0283
.0288
.0341
.0292
.0402
.0466
.0583
.0583
.0583
.0583
.0583
SIZE
TON
-MPG
30.4
30.4
31.3
35.5
52.8
41.7
41.7
44 .6
44.6
44.6
44 .6
44.9
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON -MFC
1595 4786
1595 4786
1645 4935
1863 5590
2559
1260
1260
1322
1322
1322
1355
1692
DESIGNED
MID LARGE
.0 100
.0 100
.0 100
.0 100
.0 100
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
17.6 82.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DOM
.0
.0
.0
.0
99.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
EUR
100.0
100.0
100 .0
100.0
.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
7677
3781
3779
3966
3966
3966
4064
5077
ASIA
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
, 0
G-12
-------
Table G-13
MODEL
YEAR
1994
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
FRAC
.000
.000
.000
.000
Appendix G (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 6500-LB. CARS
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
11.4
11.4
12. 6
WGHT VOL ENGINE
LB C0-FT CID HP'
18.6
18.6
20.4
13 .8
13.8
15.2
6500 140.1
6500 140.1
6500 88.9
412
412
412
300
300
325
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
11.3 18.1 13.6 6500 140.2 412 241 12.7 125
10.6 139
10.6 139
10.0 144
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
.585 .0371
.728 .0461
.728 .0461
.789 .0500
TON
-MPG
44.2
44,9
44.9
49.5
CD-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
1907 6197
1934 6287
1934 6287
1352 4395
PERCENT OF 6500 LB. CARS:
MODEL
YEAR
1994
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT CARB
FOUR
DSL VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 100.0 100.0
.0 100.0 100.0
.0 100.0 100.0
.0 100.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
VEHICLE SIZE DESIGNED
SMALL MID LARGE DOM EUR ASIA
.0
.0
.0
100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
. 0 100.0
.0 .0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
G-13
-------
Table G-14
Appendix G (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 2000-LB.
TRUCKS
MODEL SALES FUEL ECONOMY
YEAR (000) FRAC CITY HWY 55/45
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
PERCENT OF 2000 LB. TRUCKS:
WGHT
•LB
1
3
1
1
1
.000
.002
.000
.001
.001
23
22
22
23
23
.2
.5
.5
.7
.7
29
2°
29
27
27
.5
t
.4
.3
.3
25.
25,
25.
25.
25.
.7
.2
.2
.2
.2
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
ENGINE
CID HP
49
49
49
59
59
41
41
41
45
45
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
19.7
19.7
19.7
18.3
18.3
89
89
89
92
92
HP/ HP/
CID WT
.837 .0205
.837 .0205
.837 .0205
.763 .0225
.763 .0225
TON
-MPG
25.7
25.2
25.2
25.2
25.2
MODEL
YEAR
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
DRIVETRAIN .TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING FOUR VEHICLE SIZE
FI TBI PORT CARB DSL VALVE SMALL MID LARGE
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
. 0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
•DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
.0 100 .0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0 .
G-14
-------
Table G-15
Appendix G (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 2250-LB.
TRUCKS
MODEL
YEAR
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
SALES
(000) FRAC
0 .000
25 .013
24 .013
13 .007
4 .002
7 .002
6 .002
37 .008
63 .015
83 .018
5 .001
OF 2250 LB.
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
.0 100.0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
85.0 15.0
31.3 €8.7
28.9 71.1
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
FUEL
CITY
22.3
28.1
36.9
36.1
26.6
30.2
28.1
30.2
30.2
30.6
30.9
TRUCKS :
ECONOMY
HWY 55/45
29.3
38.5
48.9
43.5
31.0
32.1
29.6
37.5
37.5
37.3
37.0
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
91.1
82.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
'.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
25.0
32.0
41.5
-39.1 .
28.4
31.1
28.8
33.1
33.1
33.3
33.4
FUEL
FI
.0
54.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
WGHT
LB
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
ENGINE
CID HP
49 41
94 64
97 52
91 51
71 47
70 47
61 45
81. 64
81 64
81 64
80 64
METERING
TBI PORT CARB
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 100.0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 15.0
.0 68.7
.0 .71.1
.0 .100.0
' .' .0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
0-60
TIME
21.6
15.9
17.9
IB. 2
19.4
19.5
20.0
15.3
.15.3
15.3
15.3
DSL
.0
45.4
100. Q
85.0
31.3
28.9
.0
.0
..0
.0
.0
TOP
SPD
88
99
93
93
91
91 .
90
99
99
99
99
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
HP/
CID
.837 .
.677 .
.536 .
.570
.692 .
.697 .
.738
.790 .
.790
.790 .
.797 .
VEHICLE
SMALL
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
HP/
WT
0182
0284
0231
0226
0210
J209
0200
0284
0284
0284
0284
SIZE
MID
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
TON
-MPG
28.1
38.1
4K -
45 .8
33.9
35 .6
32.4
37.2
37.2
37.4
37.5
LARGE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. 0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
. 0 100 . 0
.0 100.0
.0 100 .0
. 0 100 . 0
13.3 86.7
28.9 71 . 1
.0 lOO.'O
.0 100.0
.0 100 .0
.0 100 .0
.0 100.0
G-15
-------
Table G-16
Appendix G (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 2500-LB.
TRUCKS
MODEL
YEAR
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
SALES
(000) FRAC
23 .007
39 .013
16 .009
27 .015
36 .019
33 .014
18 .005
4 .001
5 .001
1 .000
39 .009
34 .009
15 .004
19 .005
19 .004
27 .005
20 .003
3 .001
4 .001
6 .001
OF 2500 LB.
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
9.5 90.5
34.2 65.8
49.7 20.1
48.9 13.2
29.9 53.1
.0 100.0
.0 ^0.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 95.5
.0 20.6
.0 11.5
.0 2.4
.0 7.0
.0 5.9
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
FUEL ECONOMY WGHT
CITY HWY 55/45 LB
23.5 33.7 27.2 2500
24.1 33.5 27.5 2500
22.1 32.3 25.8 2500
24.9 34.2 28.4 2500
24.8 32.0 27.6 2500
25.4 32.8 28.2 2500
24.2 31.4 27.0 2500
26.2 35.2 29.6 2500
26.4 36.0 30.0 2500
26.3 35.5 29.8 2500
28.8 34.9 31.3 2500
29.2 35.9 31.9 2500
28.7 35.1 31.2 2500
27.5 33.7 30.0 2500
26.9 33.1 29.4 2500
26.9 33.0 29.3 2500
27.0 33.9 29.7 2500
26.6 33.6 29.3 2500
5.9 32.2 28.4 2500
26.0 32.2 28.5 2500
TRUCKS :
ENGINE
CID HP
97
97
97
108
132
137
110
109
109
109
97
94
91
94
96
96
97
97
97
97
TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
MANUAL LOCK FI TBI PORT
100.0 .0 .0 .0
100 .0 .0 .0 .0
90.5 .0 9.5 .0
100.0 .0 34.2 .0
58.4 .0 9.4 .0
59.4 2.7 2.6 .0
79.8 3.3 .0 .0
95.6 4.4 .0 .0
j.00.0 .0 .0 0
100.0 .0 .0 .0
56.2 43.8 100.0 100.0
100.0 .0 100.0 100.0
100.0 .0 100.0 100.0
75.8 24.2 100.0 100.0
67.2 32.8 100.0 93.5
59.5 40.5 100.0 92.2
60.8 39.2 100.0 90.0
66.6 33.4 100.0 .0
27.2 72.8 100.0 .0
52.5 47.5 100.0 .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
,0
.0
6.5
7.8
10.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
67
67
68
73
81
36
74
73
73
73
80
78
75
77
79
79
81
95
95
95
CARB
100.0
100.0
90.5
65.8
90.6
97.4
100.0
100.0
., JO . 0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
16.
16.
15.
14.
13.
13.
15.
15.
15.
15.
14.
14.
14.
14
14
14
13
12
12
12
0 98
0 98
8 99
9 101
9 105
3 107
8 101
0 101
0 101
.0 101
,1 104
.3 103
.7 102
.4 103
.2 104
.2 104
.9 105
.3 111 .
.4 ,111
.3 111
FOUR
DSL VALVE
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 -0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 2.3
.0 .0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
HP/
CID
.691 .
.691
.701
.633
.625 .
.636 .
.686 .
.670
.670
.670
.825 .
. 827
.829
.827 .
.825
.829
.840
.979
.979
.979
HP/
WT
0268
0268
0272
0294
0326
0346
0295
0292
.0292
.0292
.0320
.0310
.0300
.0310
.0317
.0317
.0325
.0380
.0380
.0380
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0.
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
TON
-MPG
34.2
34.5
32.3
35.5
34.9
36.4
34.2
37.0
37.5
37.2
39.2
39.8
39.2
37.6
36.8
36.7
37.2
36.7
35.6
35.6
LARGE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
•0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
.0
.0
.0
.0
30.1
37.9
16.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
69 .9
62 .1
83.1
100 .0
100 .0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 .0
100 .0
100.0
100 .0
G-16
-------
Table G-17
Appendix G (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 2750-LB.
TRUCKS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979 '
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES FUEL ECONOMY WGHT ENGINE
(000) FRAC CITY HWY 55/45 LB CID HP
204 .102 18.1 26.0 21.0 2750 155 101
202 .078 19.6 .27.5 22.5 2750 150 98
270 .096 21.1 29.3 24.2 2750 146 98
241 .074 21.0 27.3 23.5 2750 157 98
250 .081 19.8 27.4 22.6 2750 126 90
324 .174 22.3 30.0 25.2 2750 126 91
222 .122 24.7 33.3 27.9 2750 130 90
227 .119 24.9 33.8 28.3 2750 130 91
340 .148 25.4 34.3 28.8 2750 1.32 87
328 .098 25.1 33.5 28.3 2750 130 87
246 .067 26.3 35.7 29.9 2750 130 90
316 .073 26.0 35.2 29,5 2750 132 92
244 .059 26.1 35.8 29.7 2750 133 93
120 .026 24.6 33.1 27.8 2750 136 98
76 .017 24.5 32.7 27.6 2750 135 97
45 .012 24.3 30.6 26.8 2750 129 95
28 .007 26.5 32.6 28.9 2750 97 80
46 .011 25.7 33.2 28.6 2750 116 95
24 .005 26.5 32.6 29.0 2750 97 81
30 .005 26.2 32.3 28.7 2750 97 83
39 .007 25.8 32.3 28.4 2750 97 95
44 .008 25.8 32.9 28.5 .2750 99 97
12 .002 25.9 32.8 28.6 2750 100 98
9 .001 25.9 32.3 28.5 2750 97 95
7 .001 28.0 35.8 31.0 2750 98 98
3 .000 28.0 35.9 31.1 2750 98 98
OF 2750 LB. TRUCKS:
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
FRONT 4WD
1.
4.
6.
3.
1.
1.
8
13
4
3
.0
.0
.0
.0
,0
.0
.0
.4
.0
.5
.4
,7
.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.5
.6
.0
.3
.2
23.
20.
16.
24.
31,
100,
49
92
89
97
59
81
99
.2
.2
,3.
,0
. J
.0 '
,0
.0
. i
.1 .
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.1
.9
.8
.2
.5
.0
.4
. 0
.0
MANUAL
91.
82 .
81.
86.
82.
86.
90.
87.
89.
86.
92.
88.
89.
99.
100.
68.
56.
78,
60,
51.
46,
51
48
45
100
100
3
0
9
9
7
9
3
1
4
1
0
3
.9
4
.0
.9
.7
.8
.6
.4
.1
.5
.4
.8
.0
.0
LOCK
4
2
31
43
21
39
48
53
48
51
54
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.9
.2
.9
.8
.8
.9
.0
.0
.1
.3
.2
.4
.6
.9
.5
.6
.2
.0
.0
FI
1.
1.
31.
100.
100.
100.
100
100.
100
100
100
100
100
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
,0
1
.1
,4
.0
.0
.6
.0
.1
,0
.0
.0-
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
TBI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
31.1
100.0
49.1
78.2
77.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
PORT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
..0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.6
.0
.0
.0
50.9
21.8
22.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
CARB
100.
100.
100.
100.
DO.
100.
98.
98.
99.
98.
98 .
99,
100,
99,
100,
68,
,0
,0
,0
.0
.0
.0
,6
,3
,1
,2
.1
.6
.0
.4
.0
.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
0-60
TIME
12.9
13.0
13.0
12.9
13.. 7
13.6
13.8
13.7
14.2
14.2
13.8
13.6
13.5
12.9
12.9
13.3
15.2
13.5
15.0
14.7
13.3
13.1
13.0
13.3
12.8
12.8
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.4
1.7
.9
.7
.4
.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0.
.0
.0
TOP
SPD
111
110
109
110
106
107
106
106 .
105
105
106
107
107
109
109
108
102
108
102
103
108
109
110
108
110
109
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
16.7
.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
HP/ HP/
CID WT
.713 .0367
.727 .0358
.732 .0356
.700 .0357
.720 .0329
.728 .0333
.695 .0329
.699 .0331
.658 .0315
.672 .0318
.693 .0328
.695 .0334
.695 .0338
.721 .0356
.721 .0354
.745 .0346
.825 .0291
.819 .0344
.836 .0295
.860 .0303
.979 .0345
.980 .0353
.980 .0358
.979 .0345
1.002 .0357
1.001 .0356
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL
100.
100.
100.
100.
93 .
92.
73.
62.
37.
49.
50.
61.
51.
63.
60.
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
0
0
0
0
9
4
.4
.5
.7
,5
,3
.0
.7
.1
.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
TON
-MPG
29.4
31.5
33.8
33.1
31.6
34.9
38.7
39.1
39.8
39.2
41.3
40.8
41.0
38.4
38.1
36.9
39.9
39.4
39.9
39.5
39.1
39.3
39.3
39.1
42.7
42.7
MID LARGE
6
7
26
37
62
50
49
39
48
36
39
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.6
.6
.5
.3
.5
.7
.0
.3
.9
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DESIGNED
DOM
23.
20.
16.
24.
3 .
22
43
13,
25
14
18
.2
.2
.3
.0
.7
.0
.0
.3
.0
.3
.4
.8
. 1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. 0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
IMPORT
76.
79.
83.
76.
96.
100 ,
100.
77 .
57.
86.
74 .
85.
81.
100 .
100.
100 .
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100,
100
100
100
100
8
8
7 '.
0
3
0
0
7
0
7
6
2
9
0
0
0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
G-17
-------
Table G-18
Appendix G (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 3000-LB.
TRUCKS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
197S
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
60
73
91
144
226
212
249
379
414
575
658
840
799
740
609
446
597
370
418
338
286
181
219
134
117
121
OF 3000
FRAC
.030
.028
.032
.044
.073
.114
.137
.198
.180
.172
.179
.193
.193
.162
.137
.117
.147
.091
.0°°
.Oo^
.050
.035
.036
.021
.016
.016
LB.
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
3.7
4.3
2.6
2.8
1.6
1.6
.7
1.0
6.1
2.7
.8
.6
8.0
13.1
20.7
23.7
18.0
4WD
.0
14.3
14.0
13.8
47.4
65.7
52.6
26.2
23.8
19.7
11.4
5.7
6.6
2.3
3.6
6.3
2.1
7.8
9.4
15.9
37.5
29.0
25.7
14.1
17.4
16.9
FUEL ECONOMY WGHT
CITY HWY 55/45 LB
18.2 24.9 20.7 3000
18.3 2E ! 2X.O 3000
22.9 31.3 25. 0 3000
22.4 29.9 25.2 3000
19.6 25.7 21.9 3000
20.2 26.7 22.7 3000
23.0 30.8 25.9 3000
22.6 31.4 25.9 3000
22.5 31.2 25.7 3000
22.7 31.6 26.0 3000
22.9 31.8 26.2 3000
23.4 32.5 26.8 3000
23.4 32.9 26.9 3000
23.9 33.4 27.4 3000
24.0 33.2 27.4 3000
24.4 33.4 27.8 3000
24.0 33.5 27.5 3000
23.5 32.7 26.9 3000
23.5 33.1 27.0 3000
/4.0 32.5 27.2 3000
22.9 30.2 25.7 3000
24.3 33.2 27.6 3000
24.2 33.1 27.5 3000
24.6 33.4 27.9 3000
25.2 33.7 28.4 3000
24.8 33.1 27.9 3000
TRUCKS :
ENGINE
CID
107
136
147
148
154
146
150
162
158
153
151
143
145
145
145
142
148
145
148
141
142
133
132
135
133
136
HP
70
77
81
83
89
86
86
97
94
94
100
99
100
98
102
110
109
113
116
..17
124
127
127
132
131
134
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
18.
17.
16.
16.
15.
15.
15.
14.
14.
14.
13.
13.
13.
14.
13.
12.
12.
12.
12.
12.
11.
11.
11.
11.
11.
10.
TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
MANUAL LOCK FI TBI
69.3 .0 .0 .0
80.2 .0 .0 .0
86.2 .0 .0 .0
85.6 .0 .0 .0
88.2 .0 .0 .0
94.6 .0 .0 .0
92.2 1.4 .0 .0
75.1 22.0 .0 .0
75.1 9.6 .0 .0
72.7 13.6 4.4 .0
64.7 28.4 30.9 .0
78.0 17.6 51.5 31.7
74.3 19.6 61.5 37.9
77.3 16.7 66.4 36.8
82.2 12.4 77.5 46.0
86.9 10.4 82.3 14.1
87.0 10.1 89.8 37.9
83.8 12.2 83.9 24.2
85.2 11.0 89.9 21.9
83.5 9.0 93.9 2.4
78.8 14.2 100.0 7.7
56.4 29.0 100.0 .0
52.5 37.5 100.0 .0.
43.4 29.2 100.0 .0
49.4 25.0 100.0 .0
55.9 26.4 100.0 .0
PORT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
19.8
23.6
29.6
31.5
68.2
51.9
59.7
68.0
91.6
92.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
CARB
100.0
100.0
100.0
".00.0
-00.0
100.0
78.4 .
84.2
92 .0
91.7
67.5
47.7
38.2
33.6
22.5
17.7
10.2
16.1
10.1
6.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
2 96
4 99
4 100
0 101
2 103
3 102
7 102
3 107
5 106
5 105
7 108
8 108
8 108
0 107
4 109
8 112
9 111
4 113
2 114
1 115
7 117
4 119
4 119 -
1 121
1 120
8 122
FOUR
DSL VALVE
21.
15".
8.
3.
1.
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
6 .0
8 .0
0 .0
9 .0
6 .0
8 .0
3 .0
0 .0
0 .0
.0 .0
,0 .0
.0 .0
.0 2.0
.0 .7
.0 12.3
. 0 75.2
.0 70.1
.0 100.0
. 0 100.0
.0 100.0
HP/
CID
.667
.628
.596
.599
.607
.620
.591
.604
.610
.626
.662
.691
.690
.675
.704
.770
.738
.783
.790
.829
.870
.959
.961
.982
.992
.992
HP/
WT
.0234
.0258
.0270
.0278
.0297
.0286
.0287
.0323
.0315
.0313
.0332
.0331
.0334
.0329
.0341
.0366
.0362
.0378
.0387
.0390
.0413
.0425
.0423
.0440
.0438
.0448
TON
-MPG
31.2
32.5
40.9
39.5
34.2
34.9
40.3
39.8
39.4
39.6
39.7
40.4
40.5
41.4
41.3
42.0
41.4
40.6
40.9
41.1
38.9
41.5
41.4
41.9
42.8
42.0
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL
6.7
25.6
27.6
47.6
62.9
66.3
73.5
39.8
31.2
33.4
38.6
40.2
29.0
19.2
28.5
38.1
32.6
46.2
53.1
76.5
89.9
97.0
99.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
MID
93.3
74.4
72.4
52.4
37.1
33.7
26.5
60.2
68.8
66.6
61.4
59.8
71.0
80.7
71.5
.61.8
67.4
53.8
46.9
23.5
'10.1
3.0
.3
.0
.0
.0
LARGE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
..0
.0
.1
.1
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
t
DESIGNED
DOM
.0
14.3
14.0
13.8
22 .9
20.4
16.5
53.4
56.8
57.9
58 .0
34.4
41.5
61.0
51.9
39.3
50.9
36.8
40.2
23.6
29.8
2.6
.3
.0
.0
.0
IMPORT
100.0
85.7
85. 0
86.2
77.1 .
79.6
83 .5
45 .6
43.2
42.1
42 .0
65.6
58.5
39.0
48 .1
60 .7
49.1
S3 .2
59.8
76 .4
70 .2
97.4
99.7
100.0
100 .0
100.0
G-18
-------
Table G-19
Appendix G (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 3500-LB. TRUCKS
MODEL SALES FUEL ECONOMY
YEAR (000) FRAC CITY HWY 55/45
1975 55 .028 13.9 19.9 16.1
1976 83 .032 14.9 20.3 16.9
1977 74 .026 15.5 20.7 17.5
1978 100 .031 16.4 22.4 18.6
1979 69 .022 15.4 19.2 16.9
1980 82 .044 16.4 21;4 18.3
1981 122 .067 18.5 24.9 20.9
1982 145 .076 19.5 26.4 22.1
1983 275 .120 20.2 28.9 23.3
1984 738 .221 19.9 27.6 22.7
1985 953 .260 20.0 28.1 23.0
1986 1125 .259 20.2 27.9 23.0
1987 1236 .299 19.9 28.4 23.0
1988 1166 .256 19.5 28.1 22.6
1989 999 .225 19.5 27.8 22.5
1990 745 .196 19.8 28.7 23.0
1991 697 .172 19.7 28.3 22.8
1992 692 .170 20.0 28.9 23.2
1993 850 .179 20.2 29.3 23.5
1994 1057 .190 20.8. 30.0 24.2
1995 969 .169 21.2 31.0 24.7
1996 . 810 .154 21.0 30.8 24.5
1997 819 .134 21.7 30.6 24.9
1998 1010 .156 21.9 31.1 25.3
1999 959 .132 21.7 30.9 25.1
2000 912 .124 21.5 30.5 24.8
PERCENT OF 3500 LB . TRUCKS:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK FI
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
15
23
20
20
18
22
26
7
10
25
13
23
3
2
3
2
2
.0
•0
.0
. o
.0
.0
.0'
.0
.0
.3
.3
.2
.2
.1
.3
.4
.3
.4
.0
.2
.4
.1
.9
.5
.2
.4
55.
15.
6.
26.
54.
53 ,
46.
54 .
49.
49,
35.
34,
32.
29,
22
16
17
23
35
32
30
43
,0
.0
.0
.0
.5
.1
.7
.1
.6
.3
.7
.0
.4
.9
.7
.7
.8
.0
.8
.3
.1
.5
.6
.7'
.3 .
.7
9
13
11
21
. 64
46
61
77
66
48
44
45
39
36
32
31
40
46
40
48
45
49
55
49
35
42
.7
.7
.8
.4
.8
.7
.7
.0
.0
.4
.5
.6
.9
.4
.2
.8
.6
.8
.0
.7
.6
.6
.7
.7
.0
.2
36
31
19
28
25
32
34
47
55
49
66
58
52
59
49
54
50
44
50
65
57
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.8
.3
.1
.7
.2
.6
.6
.8
.5
.8
.0
.4
.4
.1
.0
.4
.4
.3
.3
.0
.8
1
1
3
2
12
14
6
4
3
7
14
49
64
93
95
96
99
99
99
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
.8
.9
.0
.7
.2
.6
.5
.3
.7
.0
.7
.4
.9
.7
.0
.0
.7
.6
.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
3500 308 138
3500 •. 303 132
3500 311 136
3500 267 128
3500 251 110
3500 211 106
3500 238 108
3500 205 104
3500 174 105
3500 164 102
3500 168 106.
3500 164 114
3500 178- 125
3500 189 134
3500 197 136
3500 195 140
3500 202 141
3500 194 141
3500 192 143
3500 185 139
3500 179 141
3500 176 144
3500 162 134
3500 158 137
3500 155 139
^500 160 145
METERING
TBI PORT CARB
19
20.
30
37
20
39
29
20
13
13
:o
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.7
.7
.7
.2
.5
.1
.4
.4
.3
.1
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
29.
44.
63.
57.
75.
60.
70.
79.
86.
86,
100
100
100
100..
100
.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.7
2
,5
.6
.9
.3
,1
.4
,9
.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
•0.
98.
98.
97,
97.
8".
85.
93 .
93 .
94.
91.
84.
50.
35.
6.
5.
4.
.2
.1
.0
.3
.8
.4
.5
.2
.9
.8
.9
.4
.0
.3
.0
.0
.3
.4
.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
0-60
TIME
12.5
12.9
12.7
13.2
14.7
15.3
14.7
15.2
14.8
15.2
14.9
14.0
13.2
12.5
12.5
12.1
12.1
12.2
12.0
12.3
12.1
11.9
12.4
12.2
12.1
11.7
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
2 .6
1.5
1.2
.4
.1
.1
.0
.0
.0
, .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
TOP
SPD
118
115
117
114
107
106
107
105
106
105
106
109
113
116
117
118
118
118
119
118
118
120
116
117
118
120
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2
8.2
12.6
21.7
36.6
44.4
42.8
HP/ HP/
CID WT
.453 .0395
.443 .0377
.446 .0389
.498 .0367
.463 .0315
.526 .0302
.474 .0308
.533 .0297
.620' .0301
.634 .0292
.647 .0302
.704 .0327
.711 .0358
.721 .0384
.704 .0389
.730 .0401
.709 .0402
.730 .0402
.750 .0410
.760 . -"98
.803 .0402
.830 .0411
.846 .0384
.884 .0392
.922 .0398
.931 .0414
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID
3 .
5.
6.
11.
72.
46.
16.
35.
29.
35.
32.
34 .
29.
29.
19.
20.
23 .
19,
15.
12
1C .
3
25
29
33
28
0
4
7
7
4
6
5
5
0
8
5
.7
.0
,8
,6
.5
.2
.0
.3
.0
.5
.6
.2
.9
.4
.6
27.
12.
9.
8.
2.
8.
11.
11.
56.
58.
60.
59.
69.
70.
80.
79,
76.
SO.
82
87
88
89
74
70
66
71
1
7
9
8
8
0
0
..9
.7
,2
.5
.3
,9
.2
.4
.5
.8
..9
.4
.1
.7
.5
.5
.0
.6
.4
TON
-MPG
28.6
30.0
31.0
32 .?
2 Z . ..
32.4
36.9
39.0
41.1
40.2
40.5
40.6
40.5
39.°
39.7
40.5
40.4
41.3
41.7
42.9
44.0
43.8
44.5
45.0
44.3
44.0
DESIGNED
LARGE DOM IMPORT
69.
81.
83.
79.
24.
45.
72.
52 .
14.
6.
6.
5 .
1.
2.
1.
9
8
5
5
9
4
5
6
3
0
9
9
1
0
0
0
0
0
3
9
8
0
3
1
0
0
97.
94.
93.
88.
80 .
66.
80.
63.
68.
74.
74.
70.
74.
82.
83.
82.
83 ;
83 .
87.
92
86
83
73
63
55
57
0
6
3
3
3
8
5
4
3
4
1
8
3
5
6
.1
.1
.1
.9
.1
.5
.3
.4
.4
.6
.2
3 .
5.
6.
11.
13
33.
19.
36.
31'.
25.
25.
29.
25.
17 .
16.
17.
16
16
12
7
13
16
26
36
44
42
0
4
7
7
-
5
6
7
6
9
.2
. 7
.5
.4
,9
.9
.9
.1
.9
.5
.7
.6
.6
.4
.8
G-19
-------
Table G-20
Appendix G (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 4000-LB.
TRUCKS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODE!,
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
1021
1234
1165
1317
702
536
675
490
501
688
742
935
856
1189
1390
1229
1502
1460
1716
1845
1857
1779
1834
2389
2446
1968
FRAC
.514
.473
.413
.402
.227
.288
.371
.256
.218
.206
.202
.215
.207
.261
.313
.323
S
.371
.359
.361
.331
.323
.339
.300
.369
.336
.267
OF 4000 LB.
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
3.6
15.8
14.8
31.8
22.4
31.5
28.6
32.5
42.5
48.5
37.9
44.9
33.4
37.6
2.0
2.7
3.4
3.8
6.4
5.8
7.3
9.1
16.7
20.6
27.4
23.2
27.9
27.5
34.8
29.0
37.0
23.0
19.6
31.9
34.5
26.4
26.6
26.4
37.5
25.8
FUEL ECONOMY WGHT
CITY HWY 55/45 LB
12.3 17.2 14.1 4000
13.2 17.9 15.0 4000
14.7 19.3 16.5 4000
14.3 18.3 15.9 4000
14.4 18.5 15.9 4000
16.5 22.2 18.6 4000
16.9 22. b 19.1 4000
16.5 22.4 18.7 4000
16.7 22.9 19.0 4000
16.4 23.0 18.9 4000
17.1 23.8 19.6 4000
17.5 24.5 20.1 4000
17.8 25.3 20.5 4000
18.1 26.2 21.1 4000
18.5 26.9 21.5 4000
18.3 26.8 21.3 4000
18.4 27.0 21.5 4000
18.4 27.3 21.5 4000
18.3 27.4 21.5 4000
'.8.2 27.0 21.3 4000
18.2 27.4 21.4 4000
18.7 28.0 22.0 4000
18.6 27.6 21.8 4000
18.8 28.4 22.1 4000
18.6 27.6 21.8 4000
18.9 28.1 22.2 4000
TRUCKS :
ENGINE 0-60 TOP
CID HP TIME SPD
324
326
322
319
301
279
282
. 286
269
265
259
243
227
230
225
219
221
219
222
224
225
222
222
221
215
213
TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
MANUAL LOCK FI TBI PORT
33.8 .0 .0 .0
33.4 .0 .0 .0
29.7 .0 .0 .0
29.3 .0 .0 .0
3"i.' 7.6 .0 .0
50.0 21.7 .7 .0
42.9 37.4 .5 .0
31.3 33.8 .6 .0
27.6 50.1 -7 .0
29.0 43.5 .8 .0
20.6 50.2 8.0 .0
25.7 57.1 59.8 34.8
19.2 70.8 87.0 47.5
21.8 71.3 100.0 51.9
19.3 78.0 100.0 48.7
17.5 79.8 100.0 41.8
17.0 82.8 100.0 42.0
13.9 86.1 100.0 27.0
11.0 89.0 100.0 10.6
14.4 85.6 100.0 14.5
10.4 89.6 100.0 5.7
7.2 92.8 100.0 ' .0
10.1 89.9 100.0 .0
8.2 91.8 100.0 .0
16.6 83.4 100.0 .0
12.1 87.9 100.0 .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
24.9
39.5
48.1
51.3
58.2
58.0
73.0
89.4
85.5
94.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
141 13.
137 13.
144 13.
144 13.
140 13.
125 14.
127 14.
127 14.
123 14.
121 15.
132 14.
132 14.
141 13.
148 12.
149 12.
148 12.
151 12.
153 12.
164 11,
164 11
163 11
173 11
176 11
179 11
176 11
176 11
5 114
7 113
1 115
1 115
4 114
5 109
3 109
5 110
8 108
0 108
1 111
0 111
3 114
.8 116
.7 117
,8 116
.6 117
.5 118
.9 122
.8 122
.8 121
.2 125
.1 126
.0 126
.1 126
. 1 126
FOUR
CARB DSL VALVE
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.5
.00.0
99.3
99.5
99.0
99.2
99.2
92.0
39.7 .
13.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.5 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0.
.4 .0
.1 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.5 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 4.8
.0 10.6
.0 9.3
.0 13.6
.0 17.1
.0 20.9
.0 23.9
HP/
CID
.433 .
.419 .
.447
.449
.465 .
.453 .
.452 .
.446
.469 .
.471 .
.523
.572 .
.649
.668 .
.686 .
.694 .
.702
.711 ,
.747 ,
.746 .
.737
.794
.805
.820
.831.
.842
HP/
WT.
0353
0342
0361
0359
0350
0314
0317
0318
0309
0303
0330
0330
0354
0369
.0373
.0370
,0378
.0382
.0409
.0411
.0409
.0434
.0441
.0447
.0440
.0441
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID
.6
.6
1.3
1.0
.6
1.0
.7
1.4
.9
1.1
1.0
6.3
4.7
2.9
10.4
8.0
3.7
3.3
1.2
5.5
4.0
2.3
9.8
5.2
12.7
8.9
16.1
12.9
11.8
12.7
11.2
13.8
10.2
14.7
29.8
32.1
42.8
49.6
69.6
71.0
72.8
73.7
84.7
87.1
91.3
85.8
92.5
94.7
81.2
91.0
84.6
88.8
TON
-MPG
28.8
30.8
33.5
32 .5
32.4
37.5
38.6
37.9
38.5
38 .4
39.7
40.6
41.3
42.4
43 .2
43 .0
43.2
43 .3
43 .2
43,0
43.1
44.4
43 . 9
44 .6
43 . 8
44 .6
LARGE
83.3
86.6
86.9
86.3
88.2
85.1
89.2
83.9
69.3
66. B
56.2
44.0
25.7
26.0
16.8
18.3
11.6
9.6
7.4
8.7
3.6
2. '9
9.0
3.8
2.7
2.3
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
99.4
99 .4
98.7
99.0
99 .4
99.0
99.3
98 .6
99.0
98.9
99.0
89.3
89.6
86.8
85.6
82.8
79.1
84 .6
82.0
80.3
73.8
82.1
78.7
83.2
69.2
70.2
.6
. 6
1.3
1 .0
. 6
1. 0
.7
1.4
1 . 0
1.1
1.0
10.7
10 .4
13.2
14 .4
17.2
20.9
15.4
18.0
19.7
26.2
17.9
21.3
16.8
30.8
29 .8
G-20
-------
Table G-21
Appendix G (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 4500-LB.
TRUCKS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978.
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES FUEL ECONOMY
(000) FRAC CITY HWY 55/45.
386 .194 10.7 13.6 11.9
610 .234 11.6 15.1 12.9
862 .305 12.5 15.9 13.8
986 .301 12.3 15.4 13.5
960 .311 12.8 15.9 13.9
389 .209 14.0 1-8.3 15.7
373 .205 14.9 19.9 16.8 .
407 .213' 14.9 19.7 16.8
517 .225 15.0 20.2 17.0
691 .207 14.7 20.0 16.7
745 .203 14.5 19.4 16.4
769 .177 15.3 20.6 17.3
636 .154 15.0 20.6 17.1
814 .179 15.4 21.6 17.7
895 .202 15.3 21.7 17.6
832 .219 15.6 22.7' 18.2
909 .224 16.1 23.8 18.8
1015 .250 16.1 23.8 18.9
1163 .245 16.5 24.5 19.3
1490 .267 16.4 24.4 19.3
1680 .292 16.3 24.3 19.2
' 1570 .299 16.8 25.4 19.8
1713 .280 17.0 25.4 19.9
1491 .230 17.1 25.8 20.2
2045 .281 17.1 25.4 20.1
2313 .313. 17.4 26.0 20.4
OF 4500 LB. TRUCKS:
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK FI
.0 31.9 27.8 .0 .0
.0 44.1 30.3 .0 .0
.0
-0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.3
.0
.0
9.7
5.7
. 5.1
17.0
16.5
45.
50 ,
15
31.
24.
20.
26.
27.
25.
25.
23.
31.
29.
28.
44,
39,
37,
46,
44
40,
46
48
49
46
,0
.0
.7 .
.6
.7
.5
,7
.5
.1
.8
.2
.3
.6
,5
.9
.5
.7
.1
.2
.2
.3
.9
.8
.1
22.
21.
20.
27.
18.
13 .
14.
14 .
11.
12,
13,
15.
23 .
15.
15.
18
13
10
14
8
5
5
6
5
.0
,0
,7
.0
.3
.7
.1
.0
.9
.4
,2
.1
.5
.7
.6
.0
.6
.7
.0
.1
.6
.2
.1
.3
41
54
53
59
59
62
68
48
60
61
74
82
81
86
88
85
91
94
94
93
94
.0
.0
.2
.1
.4
.1
.2
.9
.6
.6
.8
.8
.2
.6
.0
.3
.1
.6
.6
.5
.1
.8
.9
.7
4.
22 ,
79.
97.
98 ,
99,
99,
100,
100,
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.6
!
.3
,4
.5
.1
.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
4500 350 160
4500 353 158
4500 359 164
4500 353 161
4500 323 145
4500 319 144
4500 311 143
4500 310 150
4500 310 148
4500 310 149
4500 311 157
4500 307 151
4500 315 165
4500 321 172
4500 320 174
4500 307 171
4500 ' 285 172
4500 282 172
4500 278 175
4500 277 183
4500 277 180
4500 269 185
4500 263 192
4500 265 197
4500 260 204
4500 258 204
METERING
TBI PORT CARB
.0 .0 100.0
.0 .0 100.0
43.
66.
59,
59,
45,
36,
38.
27
25
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
,0
,0
.0
,0
,2
.4
.8
.1
.3
.9
.2
.8
.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
22.
36.
31.
38 ;
40.
54.
63.
61.
72.
74.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
0
0
C
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
7
0
2
0
8
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
100
98
99
97
99
99
99
99
95
77
20
2
1
.0
.0
.7
.3
.0
.6
.6
.8
.4
.9
.7
.5,
.4
.8
.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
0-60
TIME
13.3
13.5
13.0
13.1
14.3
14.3
14.4
13.9
14 .0
13.9
13.. 3
13 .8
12.9
12.5
12.4
12.6
12.5
12.5
12.3
11.9
12.0
11.8
11 .'4
11.2
10.9
10.9
DSL
.0
.0
.0
2.0
.3
2.7
1.0
.4
.4
.2
.0
.0
.0
.1
.1
-------
Table G-22
Appendix G (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 5000-LB.
TRUCKS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000) FRAC
201
297
256
324
673
242
122
170
173
260
277
289
23S
366
340
390
245
363
405
574
629
572
828
924
1076
1266
OF 5000
.101
.114
.091
.099
.218
.130
.067
.089
.075
.078
.076
.067
.057
.080
.077
.103
.060
.089
.085
.109
.109
.135
.143
.148
.172
LB.
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0-
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
48.9
50.3
40.8
56.5
22.4
51.8
50.7
42.0
48 .9
60.0
63.5
62.7
70.3
61.1
62.7
58.9
69.9
64.5
71.1
75.2
72.7
61.2
48.1
61.9
51.6
61.4
FUEL ECONOMY WGHT
CITY HWY 55/45 LB
10.2 12.4 11.1 5000
11.0 n.7 12.1 5000
11.9 1-..8 13.1 5000
11.7 14.6 12.8 5000
11.4 13.7 12.3 5000
13.4 17.9 15.1 5000
14.1 18.7 15.8 5000
15.1 20.2 17.0 5000
14.8 20.6 17.0 5000
14.0 19.5 16.0 5000
13.8 19.4 15.9 5000
14.1 20.0 16.3 5000
13.8 19.3 15.9 5000
14.2 20.3 16.4 5000
14.0 19.8 16.1 5000
14.0 20.6 16.4 5000
13.9 20.2 16.2 5000
14.3 21.3 16.8 5000
14.5 21.5 17.0 5000
li.S 21.6 17.0 5000
14.5 21.6 17.0 5000
14.8 22.2 17.4 5000
15.6 23.4 18.3 5000
14.9 22.9 17.7 5000
15.0 22.5 17.7 5000
15.4 23.0 18.1 5000
TRUCKS :
ENGINE
CID
365
364
372
371
363
347
330
331
332
327
326
323
327
330
322
332
325
320
324
329
329
328
313
320
315
313
TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
MANUAL LOCK FI TBI PORT
24.2 .0 .0 .0
24.6 .0 .0 .0
22.1 .0 .0 .0
27.0 .0 .0 .0
15.5 1.2 .0 .0
18.5 56.3 .0 .0
17.4 53.8 .0 .0
17.9 54.6 .0 .0
12.1 67.2 .0 .0
12.6 59.0 .0 .0
11.8 63. 6 3.2 .0
9.5 68.8 16.2 .0
13.0 53.5 70.7 40.0
9.8 64.3 97.4 47.8
12.6 64.7 99.3 39.1
8.7 84.4 99.4 54.7
10.5 82.8 99.3 48.2
10.0 85.1 99.6 38.8
9.2 87.4 100.0 40.5
7.5 90.2 100.0 40.2
8.3 89.6 100.0 38.7
5.7 93.1 99.9 .0
4.0 96.0 100.0 .0
2.9 97.1 100.0 .0
3.7 96.3 100.0 .0
2.6 97.4 100.0 .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.C
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
16.2
30.7
49.6
60.2
44.7
51.1
60.8
59.5
59.8
61.3
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
HP
165
156
167
170
156
154
146
144
150
159
164
162
175
180
176
188
188
182
196
200
199
220
227
230
235
241
CARB
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
92.2
82.5
85.6
67.9
81.7
93.4
94.0
82.3
28.5
1.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
14.1 114
14.7 112
14.0 115
13.6 116
15.1 112
14.8 111
15.4 109
15.6 108
15.0 110
14.4 113
14.0 114
14.1 113
13.4 117
13.2 118
13.4 117
12.7 121
12.6 121
13.0 119
12.2 123
12.0 124
12.1 124
11.2 130
10.8 132
10.7 132
10.5 134
10.3 136
FOUR
DSL VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
7.8
17.5
14.4
32.1 • .
18.3
6.6
2.8
1.5
.8
1.1
.7
.6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.7 .0
.4 .0
.0 .0
.0 2.8
.0 1.4
.1 3.2
.0 3.0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 5.6
HP/
CID
.450
.428
.446
.459
.426
.443
.447
.438
.458
.488
.504
.503
. .534
.541
.547
.568
.582
.572
.606
.610
.606
.671
.728
.721
.753
.775
HP/
WT
.0330
.0313
.0333
.0340
.0311
.0307
.0293
.0288
.0301
.0318
.0328
.0325
.0351
.0360
.0352
.0377
.0377
.0365
.0391
.0400
.0398
.0440
.0454
.0459
.0470
.0483
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
3.4
2.2
2 .1
1.1
.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
35.9
35.3
30.4
36.9
25.2
23.1
33.1
23.1
38.2
45.1
42.5
42.7
48.8
31.3
37.0
24.7
19.4
13.9
15.0
11.0
12.6
10.7
4.1
4.7
5.6
6.3
TON
-MPG
27.9
30.4
32.8
32.1
31.8
39.1
40.6
44 .5
44 .0
41.0
40.3
41.1
40 .0
41.3
40 .7
41.1
40.7
42.3
42.7 .
42.7
42.6
43.6
45.9
44.3
44.3
45.3
DESIGNED
LARGE DOM IMPORT
64.1 100.0
64.7 100.0
69.6 100.0
63.1 100.0
74.8 100.0
76.9 100.0
66.9 100.0
76.9 100.0
61.8 100.0
54.9 100.0
57.5 100.0
57.3 100.0
51.2 100.0
68.7 100.0
59.6 96.6
73.2 97.8
78.6 93.2
85.0 96.6
84.1 96.1
'89.0 96.9
87 .4 97 .2
89.3 95.5
95.9' . 96.2
95.3 99.3
94.4 94.1
93.7 91'. 7
.0
.0
. 0
.0
.0
. 0
.0
. 0
.0
. 0
.0
.0
.0
.0
3 .4
2 . 2
6.8
3 .4
3.9
3 .1
2 . 8
4.5
3.8
.7
5.9
8.3
G-22
-------
Table G-23
Appendix G (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 5500-LB.
TRUCKS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
59
109
101
133
158
28
6
41
35
34
28
28
58
77
47
51
37
73
111
140
199
231
609
415
308
480
FUEL
FRAC ,
.030
.042
.036
.041
.051
.015
.003
.022
.015
.010
.008
.006
.014
.017
.011
.013
.009
.018
.023
.025
.035
.044
. .100.
.064
.042
.065
CITY
9
10
10
11
10
11
12.
18
17,
15
13.
13.
14.
13.
14.
14,
14.
13.
14.
14.
14,
14,
14,
14
14,
14,
.2
.3
.7
.0
.3
.7
.2
.7
.6
.6
.9
.8
.3
.9
.4
.1
.0
.8
.2
.3
.3
.1
.5
.2
.0
.6
ECONOMY
HWY
11
13
13
13
12
15
16,
26,
25,
22
20,
20,
21.
20.
22.
22.
21.
20.
21.
21
20.
21.
22
21
21.
22
.3
.1
.4
.8
.2
.4
.1
.4
.4
.1
.2
.0
.0
.3
.4
.0
.5
.5
.0
.0
.9
.2
.3
.9
.6
.6
55/45
10
11
11
12
11
13
13,
21,
20,
17
16.
16.
16.
16.
17.
16,
16.
16.
16.
16
16
16,
17
16
16
17
.0
.4
.8
.1
.1
.1
.7
.5
.4
.9
.1
.0
.7
.2
.2
.8
.7
.2
.6
.7
.6
.6
.2
.9
.7
.4
WGHT
LB
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
:soo
ENGINE
CID
380
385
398
380
400
353
350
350
373
367
359
341
351
350
350
350
347
343
342
146
346
345
, 338
325
33.5
312
HP
175
173
184
.173
183
162
163
132
136
145
157
157
206
199
205
206
201
201
200
202
202
234
238
231
242
243
0-60
TIME
14
14
14
14
14
15
15
17
17
16
15
15
12
12
12
12
12
13
13
12
12
11
11
11
11
11
.7
.8
.1
.5
.3
.2
.2
.9
.6
.8
.8
.8
.6
.9
.7
.6
g
.0
.0
.9
.8
.5
.2
.5
.1
.1
TOP
SPD
114
113
116 -
113
11C
110
111
103
104
1-06
109
109
122
120
122
122
121
121
121
121
121
130
131
129
132
132
HP/
CID
.456
.445
.458
.457
.454
.458
.466
.378
.367
.398
.440
.475
.588
.569
.587
.589
.578
.583
.584
.584
.583
.679
.705
.712
.723
.794
HP/
WT
.0317
.0315
.0334
.0315
.0333
.0294
.0296
.0240
.0248
.0264
.0286
.0286
.0374
.0362
.0374
.0375
.0365
.0365
.0364
j7
.0367
.0426
.0432
.0420
.0440
.0442
TON
-MPG
27
31
32
33
JO
36
37
60
57
51
45
45
46
44
47
46
46
44
45
46
45
45
47
46
46
48
.7
.5
.8
.4
.&
.3
. 7
.0
.9
.9
.8
.3
.1
. 5
.6
.5
.1
.7
.8
.1
.9
.9
.4
.5
.0
.0
PERCENT OF 5500 LB. TRUCKS:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
.0 84.9 2.6 .0
.0 86.1 3.3 .0
.0 76.1 1.7 .0
.0 89.9 1.1 .0
.0 11.9 29.5 .0
.0 60.6 22.9 41.6
.0 73.2 24.3 55.0
.0 79.9 13.2 85.7
.0 67.5 3.6 94.1
.0 67 .2 4 .5 88 . 8
.0 , 79.8 4.1 86.5
.0 76.2 10 .1 82 .7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.3
.0
.3
.4
35.
36.
4.
3.
8.
41.
30.
40.
61.
73,
87
81
53,
64
9
4
,6
,5
.0
,3
.8
.0
.8
.7
.9
.3
.9
.5
l'.
1.
1.
3.
1,
2.
1.
1
1
1
1
4
2
.0
.1
.6
.8
.0
.2
.4
.3
.3
.1
.3
.1
95
89
93
98
99
94
92
92
94
94
99
98
98
98
.8
.5
.2
.0
.4
.5
.8
.8
.6
.6
.7
.9
.7
.9
FUEL
FI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
92.
97.
96.
97.
95,
98.
100.
100
100
98
99
99
100
100
,6
.7
.9
.2
.6
.4
.0
.0
.0
.9
.9
.9
.0
.0
METERING
TBI PORT CARB
.0 .0 100.0
.0 .0 100.0
.0 .0 100.0
.0 .0 100.0
.0 .0 100.0
.0 .0 1CO.O
.0 .0 100.0
.0 .0 7.2
.0 .0 19.9
.0 .0 42.1
.0 .0 70.0
.0 .0 74.5
91.
88.
89.
83,
72.
74.
73.
74.
75
.6
.3
.8
.1
.0
.9
.5
.4
.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
9.
7.
: 14.
23.
23.
26
25
24
98
99
99
100
100
.9
.3
.1
.1
.5
.5
.5
.6
.8
.9
.9
.9
.0
.0
3.8
.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
92.8
80.1 .
57.9
30.0
25.5
3 .
1.
3 .
2,
4 .
1,
1
.6
.9
.1
.8
.4
.6
.0
.0
.0
.1
.1
.1
.0
.0
FOUR VEHICLE SIZE
VALVE SMALL MID LARGE
.0 .0 7.8 92.2
.0 .0 3.9 96.1
.0 .0 6.6 93.4
.0 .0 6.5 93.5
.0 .0 8.7 91.3
.0 .0 .0 100.0
.0 .0 3.9 96.1
.0 .0 32.0 68.0
.0 .0 33.8 66.2
.0 .0 20.2 79.8
.0 .0 10.8 89.2
.0 .0 6.4 93 .6'
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
2.2
.0
.0
.0
. -0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.4
1.1
1.1
.8
.9
.0
2.2
1.4
.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
2.2
98.
98.
98 .
99.
99.
100.
97.
98 .
99.
100,
100
100
100
97
6
9
9
2
.1
.0
.8
.6
.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.8
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 ."
100. C
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100,
100
100
100.
100
99
97
99
88
0
.0
,0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.7
.8
.7
.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.3
2 .2
.3
11.4
G-23
-------
Table G-24
Appendix G (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 6000-LB.
TRUCKS
MODEL SALES FUEL ECONOMY WGHT
YEAR (000) FRAC CITY HWY 55/45 LB
1975 1 .000 10.0 12.3 10.9 6000
1976 1 .001 10.6 13.9 11.9 6000
1977 2 .001 11.2 14.2 12.4 6000
1978 2 .001 10.7 13.4 11.8 6000
1979 10 .003 9.7 12.6 10.8 6000
1980 4 .002 10.8 14.9 12.3 6000
1982 4 .002 18.2 26.2 21.1 6000
1983 4 .002 17.4 25.3 20.2 6000
1984 4 .001 17.4 25.8 20.4 6000
1985 8 .002 18.0 27. 6 '21. 4 6000
1986 6 .001 18.8 28.5 22.2 6000
1987 3 .001 18.1 26.8 21.2 6000
1988 4 .001 16.0 23.6 18.7 6000
1989 33 .007 13.5 20. 0' 15.8 6000
1990 32 .008 13.6 20.4 16.0 6000
1991 18 .005 13.5 19.9 15.8 6000
1992 25 .006 12.5 19.3 14.9 6000
1993 49 .010 13.4 20.1 15.8 6000
1994 69. .012 13.9 20.0 16.1 6000
1995 70 .012 -3.6 19.9 15.8 6000
1996 63 .012 14.1 21.6 16.7 6000
1997 78 .013 14.2 21.3 16.7 6000
1998 98 .015 13.3 20.5 15.9 6000
1999 318 .044 13.7 20.8 16.2 6000
2000 316 .043 14.0 21.0 16.4 6000
PERCENT OF 6000 LB. TRUCKS:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
14.6
64.4
53.5
64.2
43.1
2.3
99.3
95.5
95.4
41.2
41.5
48.5
61.9
96.3
96.8
94.9
82.5
99.8
91.6
91.3
92.5
95.5
97.4
98.6
94.6
74.8
38.8
36.7
33.8
.0
.C
.0
.0
.0
2.5
.3
7.9
7.4
1.1
.7
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2
.1
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
'6.5
100.0
95.5
95.4
97.5
99.7
92.1
92.6
98.9
99.3
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.8
99.9
99.9
FUEL
FI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
7.8
32.9
•93.7
94.5
94.7
99.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.3
98.4
99.1
99.8
100.0
ENGINE
CID HP
329 152
373 161
362 165
373 170 .
411. 189
362 169
350 130
378 131
378 131
378 132
379 130
377 136
369 158
352 205
352 206
351 206
350 209
350 210
352 208
352 207
350 246
350 248
340 231
338 251
329 261
METERING
TBI PORT CARB
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
7.8
32.9
93.7
94.5
94.7
82.5
99.8
87.0
86.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 100
.0 100
.0 100
.0 100
.0 100
.0 .00
.0
.0 4
.0 4
.0 4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. .0
16.7
.2
13.0
13.6
99.3
, 98.4
99.1
99.8
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.7
.5
.6
.7
.0
. 0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
0-60 TOP HP/
TIME SPD CID .
16.9 105 .463
16.3 108 .433 .
16.0 109 .458
15.6 110 -458
15.7 115 .448
15.8 110 .467
19.5 100 .372 .
19.4 100 .346
19.4 100 .346
19.3 100 .349
19.5 100 .343
19.0 102 .363
17.3 107 .431
13.7 119 .584 .
13.6 119 .587 .
13.5 119 .588
13.3 120 .595 .
13.3 120 .600
13.4 120 .5,92 .
13.4 119 .590
11.7 129 .703
11.6 129 .709 .
12.3 125 .685 .
11.5 130 .745 .
11.2 133 .794
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
99.3
95.5
95.4
95.3
100.0
92.2
67.1
6.3
5.5
5.3
.8
.0
.0
.0
.7
1.6
-.9
.2
.0
HP/ TON
WT -MPG
0253 33.2
0268 35.8
0275 37.4
0284 35.4
0315 32.6
0282 37.5
0217 63.4
0218 61.3
0218 61.9
0219 64.6
0217 66.8
0227 64.5
0263 57.7
0341 47.8
0343 48.3
0344 47.5
0348 44.7
0350 47.4
0347 48.4
0346 47.6
0410 50.2
0413 50.1
.0386 47.7
.0419 4.8.7
.0435 49.3 .
FOUR VEHICLE SIZE DESIGNED
VALVE SMALL MID LARGE DOM IMPORT
.0
.0 .
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
-.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
6.6
10.5
27.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
,•0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
85.4 14.6 100.0
35.6 64.4 100.0
46.5 .53.5 100.0
30.3 69.7 100.0
.0 100.0 100.0
.0 100.0 100.0
.0 100.0 100.0
.0 100.0 100.0
.0 100.0 100.0
14.0 86.0 100.0
15.3 84.7 100.0
14.6 85.4 100.0
11.9 88.1 100.0
.9 99.1 100.0
.7 99.3 100.0
1.3 98.7 100:0
.8 99.2 100.0
.2 99.8 100.0
.1 99.9 100.0
.1 99.9 100.0
.0 100.0 100.0
.0 100.0 100.0
.0 100.0 93.4
.0 100.0 89.5
.0 100.0 87.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
6 .6
10.5
12.3.
G-24
-------
SALES
(000)
FRAC
Table G-25
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1980
1991
PERCENT OF 6500 LB. TRUCKS:
Appendix G (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 6500-LB. TRUCKS
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
WGHT
LB
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
1
1
1
2
1
1
.000
.000
.001
.000
.000
.000
9
10
11.
10.
10
16,
.9
.4
.4
.7
.6
.3
11.6
13.3
13.6
13.2
14.5
26.7
10.
11.
12.
11.
12.
20.
.6
,5
,3
,7
.0
.2
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
321
324
316
327
368
379
150
144
142
155
150
140
18
19
19
18
18
19
.6 103
.2 102
.3 101
. 1 104
.5 103
.6 101
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
.468 .0231
.447 .0222
.453 .0219
.474 .0239
.408 .0231
.369 .0215
TON
-MPG
34.5
37.6
40.1
38.2
39.2
65.5
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1980
1991
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING FOUR VEHICLE SIZE
FI TBI PORT CARS DSL VALVE SMALL MID LARGE
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
..0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
0 100.0 .0
0 .0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
100
100
100
86
.0
.0
.0
.8
.0
.0
13.
100,
100,
,0
.0
,0
.2
.0
.0
100,
100,
100
100
100
100
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
G-25
-------
-------
Appendix H
Table H-l
MODEL
YEAR
1978
1979
1980
1981
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 CARS
SALES
(000)
47
23
17
9
FRAC
.004
.002
.002
.001
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
19.2
19.3
18.8
18.8
27.7
26.8
25.0
25.9
22.1
21.1
21.4
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
3441 113.5
3584 111.7
352S 109.1
3500 10.3.7
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
219 . 100 15.0 104
224 102 15.2 104
228 111 14.2 107
229 115 13.7 109
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
.459 .0293
.458 .0286
.485 .0314
.501 .0328
M-3 TRANS.
TON CU-FT. CU-FT-
-MPG -MPG TON-MPG
38.3
39.7
37.4
37.5
2549 4350
2493 4446
2310 4074
2223 3890
PERCENT OF M-3:
MODEL
YEAR
1978
1979
1980
1981
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT
CARB
FOUR VEHICLE SIZE DESIGNED
DSL VALVE SMALL MID LARGE DOM EUR ASIA
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
39.4 60.6
42.9 57.1
40.2 59.8
67.3 32.7
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. 3
.0
H-l
-------
Appendix H (continued)
Table H-2
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 CARS
M-4 TRANS.
MODEL
YEAR
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
SALES
(000)
1129
1509
1733
1335
1074
542
668
444
489
344
487
,315
194
143
107
78
52
18
WUEL ECONOMY
FRAC
.101
.140
.183
.153
.137
.068
.063
.041
.044
.032
.045
.031
.022
.017
.013
.009
.006
.002
CITY
23
23
23
26
26
29
30
31
30
31
32
33
33
34
33
34
34
37
.9
.0
.9
.8
.6
.0
.2
.3
.1
.6
.9
.4
.1
.5
.9
•a
(
.3
HWY
34
33
35
39
39
41
43
45
43
43
44
45
45
45
46
45
46
51
.4
.6
.4
.2
.8
.9
.8
.4
.2
.0
.0
.9
.1
.8
.0
.7
.7
.1
55/45
27
p ;
28
31
31
33
35
36
34
35
37
38
37
38
38
38
39
42
.7
.8
.0
.2
.3
.7
.1
.4
.9
.9
.1
.1
.6
.8
.5
.6
.2
.5
WGHT
LB
2567
2606
2582
2499
2556
2494
2505
2508
2535
2417
2354
2380
2462
2417
2376
2308
2250
2250
VOL
CU-FT
88
89
93
99
94
98
93
98
95
94
96
98
97
97
96
96
95
90
.4
.3
.9
.0
.7
.6
.6
.5
.5
.4
.4
.0
.1
.2
.4
.2
.0
.0
ENGINE
CID
123
123
123
116
117
112
112
110
114
100
97
96
97
91
91
89
89
91
HP
82
83
80
78
77
75
77
8,0
83
77
74
79
86
89
88
81
82
93
0-60
TIME
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
' 14 .
14.
13 .
13.
12.
12.
12.
12.
11.
4
5
7
4
9
9
7
2
1
4
4
7
0
5
5
9
6
4
TOP
SPD .
104
104
103
103
102
102
103
104
105
103
103
105
107
109
109
107
108
113
HP/
CID
.701
.696
.659
.692
.675
.682
.695
.733
.738
.769
.761
.824
.892
.975
.963
.911
.921
1.022
HP/
WT
.0316
.0313
.0306
.0312
.0299
.0299
.0306
.0319
.0324
.0314
.0311
.0330
.0350
.0370
.0371
.0354
.0364
.0413
TON
-MPG
36.
35.
36.
39.
40.
42.
44.
46.
45,
44
44
45
•46
47
45
44
44
47
3
4
6
5
5
6
.5
.1
.0
.1
.1
.7
.5
.0
.7
.5
.1
.8
CU-FT
CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
2591
2502
2706
3162
3042
3417
3405
3694
3470
3493
3661
3793
3680
3786
3715
3714
3728
3824
3231
3194
3452
3903
3834
4198.
4186
4559.
4333
4183
4272
4483
4528
4572
4409
4285
4194
43C2
1996
20 .003 37.4 51.2 42.6 2250 90.0
91
93
11.4 113
1.022
.0413
3830
4309
PERCENT OF M-4:
MODEL
YEAR
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
44
32
47
62
69
65
61
74
74
92
97
99
99
100
100
100
100
100
.2
.0
.2
.3
.6
.4
.2
.5
.2
.0
.9
.3
.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4WD
.0
2.5
2.6
3.4
3.7
".8
5.5
.8
.9
1.0
.6
.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FUEL
FI
21
9
8
4
8
20
34
27
23
'45
55
65
90
99
100
100
100
100
.2
.8
.3
.3
.0
.5
.5
.5
.6
.3
.6
.6
.3
.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
METERING
TBI
.0
.0
.0
.0
3.6
13.0
28.8
18.4
9.1
31.2
36.1
44.7
58.4
30.1
2.5
4.2
.0
.0
PORT
21.2
9.8
8.3
4.3
4.4
7.5
5.7
9.0
14.4
14.2
19.5
20.9
31.9
69.5
97.. 5
95.8
100.0
100.0
CARB
75
87
83
88
88
76
61
72
76
54
44
34
9
.1
.5
.9
.8
.5
.0
.8
.1
.4
.7
.4
.4
.7
.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
3.7
2.7
7.7
6.9
3.5
3.5
3.7
.4
.1
.0.
.0'
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2
1.5
4.4
7.6
17.6
41.2
20.0
.0
.0
100.0
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL
95.
95.
86.
85.
94.
93 .
95.
94.
97.
98.
99
99
99
100
100
100
100
100
3
1
1
5
.1
.8
.7
.9
.4
.8
.6
.6
.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
MID LARGE
4
4
13
14
5
6
4
5
2
1
.7
.9
.9
.5
.9
.2
.3
.1
.6
.2
.4
.4
.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DESIGNED
DOM
42 .4
50.1
59.6
69.5
76.1
62.9
71.9
76.4
61.9
36.4
12.5
9.7
7.8
.0
.0
.0
. 0
.0
EUR
41.4
21.9
25.1
12.0
10.7
11.9
8 .3
5.1
11.3
25.6
23 .4
11.8
12 .1
3 .7
1.3
. 0
. 0
. 0
ASIA
16.2
28 .0
15.3
18.. S
13 .1
25 .2
19 .8
18 .6
26 .8
37. 9
64 . 1
78 . 5
80 .1
96 .3
98 .7
100 . 0
100 . 0.
100 . 0
1996
100.0
.0
100.0
100.0
.0 100.0
.0
.0 100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0 100.0
H-2
-------
Table H-3
Appendix H (continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 CARS
M-5 TRANS.
MODEL
YEAR
1978
1979
1980
1,981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
-1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
1037
742
1173
1263
12.10
1543
1908
2019
2239
2328
2116
1784
1528
1599
1299
1416
1329
1476
1125
1096
954
1149
1141
OF M-5:
FRAC
.093
.069
.124
.145
.155
.193
.179
.187
.203
.217
.197
.178
.173
.188
.160
.167
.158
.157
.143
.132
.120
.133
.132
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
20.5
33.8
39.?
49.8
56.1
66.4
69.6
70.3
78.6
79.2
83.0
83 .2
83.5
84.3
85.1
89.3
88.7
86.1
86.6
86.4
83.8
84.0
82 .0
4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2
6.1
1.4
5.8
3.6
3 .4
3.1
3.2
2.6
3 .1
3.4
2.3
1.0
2.2
3.1
3.4
4.5
3 .7
4 .7
FUEL
CITY
24 .8
22.0
24.9
27.6
27.9
27.3
26:9
27.3
27.6
27.2
27.6
27.1
26.7
27.6
27.7.
28.4
28.4
28.1
28.1
28.2
27.8
27.4
26.9
ECONOMY
HWY
35
33
36
39
40
40
39
40
40
40-,
40
40.
39,
40.
41.
42.
42.
42.
42.
42.
42.
41.
40.
.7
.0
.6
.3
.0
.3
.8
.7
.6
.3
.8
.4
.4
.6
,2
.1
.5
.7
8
9
4
6
9
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
100.0
100.0
.1-0,0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 .0
100,0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
55/45
28.7
25.9
29.1
31.3
32.3
31.9
.31.5
32.1
32.2
31.9
32.3
31.8
31.2
32.3
32.5
33.3
33.4
33.2
33.2
33.3
32.9
32.3
31.8
FUEL
FI
5.8
16.3
19.5
20.2
20.2
32.0
39.9
42.4
57.7
61.9
74.0
83.3
97.9
99.5
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.6
99.7
98.8
97.8
99.1
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
2564 86.2
2633 82.6
2541 '86.7
2488 87.2
2519 89.8
2583 93.3
2646 94.3
2629 93.7
2684 96.0
2719 95.5
2738 96.8
2786 98.0
2834 95.9
2796 95.7
2813 96.7
2771 97.1
2831 97.8
2869 99.2
2912 100.1
2897 98.7
2961 99.6
3010 100.0
3032 100.6'
METERING
TBI • PORT
.0 5.8
.0 16.3
.0 19.5
..0 20.2
.0 20.2
7.0 25.0
8.9 31.0
9.3 33 .2
12.0 45.7
16.3 45.6
25.3 48.7
24.3 59.0
20.9 77.0
23.6 75.9
13.5 86.4
13.7 86.3
9.8 90.2
2.9 97.1
3.3 96.3
1.6 98.1
1.2 97.6
.9 96.9
1.0 98.2
ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/
CID HP TIME SPD CID WT
114 84 14.1 105 .753 .0326
117 . 85 14.3 105 .724 .0318
110 80 14.4 104 .726 .0313
110 79 14.4 103 .710 .0313
113 81 14.3 104 .710 .0318
120 87 13.9 106 .732 .0331
125 94 13.4 108 .757 .0349
121 95 13.1 109 .791 .0358
122 97 13.2 109 .805 .0356
121 99 13.2 110 .821 .0358
122 103 12.8 111 .852 .0370
125 108 12.4 113 ' .883 .0382
125 118 11.8 116 .967 .0410
121 1.17 11.9 116 .974 .0409
121 121 1.1.6 118 1.009 .0423
120 117 11.8 117 .978 .0415
123 j.19 11.7 117 .986 .0414
125 126 11.3 119 1.026 .0433
128 130 11.1 120 1.029 .0441
125 129 11.1 120 1.048 .0441
130 134 10.9 122 1.052 .0448
131 138 10.9 122 ' 1.068 .0454
133 141 10.7 124 1.084 .0463
FOUR VEHICLE SIZE
CARB DSL VALVE SMALL MID LARGE
94 .2 .0 .0 99.8 .2 .0
81. 7 2.0 .0 99. 9 .1 .0
78 •. 2.4 .0 99.3 .7 .0
74.5 5.3 .0 100.0 .0 .0
74.9 4.9 .0 100.0 .0 .0
67.3 .8 .0 99.3 .7 .0
56.9 3.2 .0 99.2 .8 .0
55.6 2.0 .0 98.4 1.6 .0
41.2 1.1 5.6 96.4 3.2 .4
37. .9 .2 11.0 97.8 1.9 .3
26.0 .0 19.1 95.5 4.2 .3
16.4 .2 22.9 92.1 7.7 .2
2.0 .1 47.5 93.7 6.1 .1
.2 '.3 51.6 94.7 5.0 .3
.1 .1 55.0 95.0 4.7 .3
.0 .0 53.0 95.7 4.0 .3
.0 .0 59.3 96.6 3.2 .2
.0 .0 66.5 93.9 5.9 .2
.0 .4 66.6 89.0 10.9 . 1
.0 .3 66.0 92.3 7.3 .4
.0 1.2 65.7 88.4 11.4 .1
.0 2.2 62.0 85.3 14.7 .0
.0 .9 63.2 85.1 14.9 .0
TON
-MPG
37.6
34.8
37.5
40.1
41.4
42.0
42.5
42.8
43.9
43.8
44.8
44.8
44.7
45 .7
46.4
46.8
48.0
48.3
48.9
48.8
49.3
49.3
48 .6
CU-FT
-MPG
2586
2258
2627
2870
3025
3131
3106
3136
3213
3146
3240
3218
3083
3200
3268
3357
3393
3407
3426
3380
3365
3324
3275
CU-FT
TON-MFC
3247
2896
3274
3513
3744
3957
4032
4033
4218
4193
4341
4396
4294
4384
4496
4557
4709
4798
4906
4832
4917
4948
4904
DESIGNED
DOM
8.7
1.4
.5
1.8
2.4
23.1
32.8
25.9
25.8
25.4
28.1
27.6
19.0
20.9
22.0
28.7
22.4
33.5
33.0
31.2
35.8
27.0
30.5
EUR
5.5
14 .6
IF . ^
15.9
15.5
11.1
14 .0
14.2
12.9
11.8
7.7
7.6
6.8
6.9
7.3
5.0
5.7
9.2
11.2
13 .9
17.6
27.8
22 .7
ASIA
85.8
84.0
83.9
82.3
82.1
65.8
53 .2
60.0
61 .3
62 .8
64 .2
64.7
74 .2
72.2
70.6
66 .3
71. 9
57.2
5578
54 .8
46.7
45.2
46.8
H-3
-------
Table H-4
Appendix H (continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 CARS
M-6 TRANS.
MODEL
YEAR
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
4
7
6
6
14
27
35
27
26
23
31
66
FUEL
FRAG
.000
.001
.001
.001
.002
.003
.004
.003
.003
.003
.004
.008
CITY
18
17
17
18
18
18
18
17
17
18
19
20
.2
.9
.6
.3
.5
.5
.2
.5
.9
.9
.3
.2
ECONOMY
HWY
32,
31.
31.
31.
31.
32.
22,
31.
31.
33,
33.
33
.6
.6
.3
.8
.8
.7
.4
.7
.8
.1
.3
.2
55/45
22
22
21
22
22
23
22
21
22
23
23
24
.7
.3
.9
.7
.8
.0
.6
.9
.3
.4
.8
.6
WGHT
LB
3500
3503
3583
3531
3540
3607
3637
3623
3675
3654
3637
3386
VOL
C0-FT
50
50
53
52
73
79
79
73
79
76
77
72
.0
.0
.3
.8
.4
.5
.2
.2
.4
.5
.8
.8
ENGINE
CID
350
350
346
338
332
324
310
323
309 ,
327
301
233
HP
240
302
296
303
284
276
269
291
320
319
304
283
0-60
TIME
7
6
6
6
6
7
7
6
6
6
'6
6
.7
.6
.8
.5
19
.2
.3
.9
.5
.4
.7
.8
TOP
SPD
154
177-
173
177
169
165
162
170
180
180
174
172
HP/
CID
.686
.864
.857
.914
.896
.932
.934
.954
1.090
1.002
1.062
1.356
HP/
WT
.0686
.0863
.0831
.0860
.0804
.0765
.0740
.0807
.0875
.0878
.0835
.0831
TON
-MPG
39.
39.
39.
40.
40,
41
41
40
41.
43
43
41
, o
,0
,3
.1
.4
.6
.4
.1
.9
.4
.9
.8
CU-FT
CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
1136
1113
1158
1195
1685
1846
1814
1632
1834
1827
1886
1819
19d8
194.9
2088:
2115
2989-
3344
3306
2989
3405
3371
3483
3090
PERCENT OF M-6:
MODEL
YEAR
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
.0
.0
.0
.0
6.4
12.1
6.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
12.2
4WD
1
13
10
2
7
11
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.5
.3
.6
.8
.7
.5
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FUEL METERING
FI
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100-
100.
100.
100.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
TBI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
PORT CARB
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100
100
100
100
100
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
VALVE
37.
30.
16.
11.
20.
15.
2,
16.
12.
36
51
0
2
8
2
.4
.3
.9
.6
.8
.9
.9
.5
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL
100.
100.
100.
100,
100,
100
100
100
100
100
100
95
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.5
MID LARGE
-.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DESIGNED
DOM
100.
100.
92.
87,
83 ,
76
67
73
60
76
62
36
.0
0
,1
.8
.1
.8
.0
.1
.3
.8
.0
.4
EUR
7 .
12 ,
5
4
24
24
32
20
31
32
0
0
.9
,2
.5
.5
.0
.2
.8
.0
.8
.5
ASIA
.0
. 0
.0
.0
11.4
18 .7
9.0
2 .6
6 .9
3 .2
6.2
31.0
H-4
-------
Appendix H (continued)
Table H-5
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 CARS
A-3 TRANS.
MODEL
YEAR
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
198S
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
8125
7462
4814
3027
1251
1158
1667
1798
1742
1498
892
815
535
368
394
351
267
67
71
49
21
19
?3
OF A-3:
FRAC
.727
.691
.510
.347
.160
.145
.156
.167
.158
.140
.083
.081
.061
.043
.049
.042
.032
.007
.009
.006
.003
.002
.003
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
3.9
5.6
29.3
56.9
76.5
76.1
94.0
92.8
92.0
96.0
96.9
95.9
97.9
97.8
9.7.8
99.4
99.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 .0
100.0
4WD
.0
.0
.8
.0
.0
5.6
.4
1.1
1.8
2.4
1.7
2.8
1.0
1.2
1.6
.6
.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FUEL
CITY
16.2
16.7
19.5
21.4
24.7
25.1
24 .9
25.4
25.3
24.7
25.2
25.3
25.4
23.9
25.6
•^.8
-o .8
32.8
32.7
33.2
33.2
33.4
33.5
ECONOMY
HWY 55/45 '.
22.9
22.8
27.1
29.4
33.1
33.2
34 .0
34.5
34.5
34 .3
34.7
34.6
34.6
33 .0
35.7
35.9
37.2
43.1
43 .1
43.7
43.8
44.1
44.1
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
18.6
19.0
22.3
24.4
27.9
28.2
28.3
28.8
28.8
28.2
28.7
28.8
28.8
27.3
29.3
29.5
30.6
36.8
36.7
37.2
37.2
37.5
37.6
FUEL
FI
3.2
3.0
4 .8
11,0
9.0
14.1
25.3
52.9
65.3
79.0
91.6
95.1
100.0
100.0
100.0 :
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1-00.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
3818 -114.4
3729 115.0
3215 107.8
2958 106.5
2679 101.1
2749 106.1
2741 106.0
2764 105.3
2778 105.5
2763 105.1
2792 103.4
2818 102.8
2869 101.6
2834 99.5
2799 99.2
2819 100.6
2735 100.2
2358 99.8
2322 99.9
2250 90.5
2274 89.9
2250 87.8
2250 87.9
METERING
TBI PORT
.0 3.2
.0 3.0
.9 3.9
5.1 5.9
.1 8.9
7.1 7.0
12.2 13.1
34.9, 18.0
42.7 22.6
56.9 22.2
37.3 54.3
30.3 64.8
26.4 73.6
20.4 79.6
22.6 77.4
14.6 85.4
18.9 81.1
56.6 43.4
69.2 30.8
100.0 .0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
ENGINE
CID
283
269
203
165
124
130
128
129
129
130
125
126
128
124
126
'128
120
84
94
79
80
79
79
HP
133
129
106.
95
84
85
88
99
97
97
98
97
98
96
98
96
91
79
77
70
80
79
79
0-60
TIME
13.6
13.7
14.1
14.4
14 .8
14 .8
14.4
13.3
13.6
13 .6
13.5
13 .7
13.7
13.9
13.7
13.8
14.0
13.8
14.0
14.6
13.2
13.2
13 .2
TOP
SPD
113
112
108
106
104
104
105
109
109
109
109
108
108
107
108
108
106
105
104
102
106
106
106
FOUR
GARB
96.3
95.1
92.9
87.1
89.3
84.9
74.3
47.0
34.7
21.0
8.4
4.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL VALVE
1.
2.
1,
1.
1.
.5
.9
.3
.8
. 8
.0
.4
.1
.0
.0
.0 1.
.0 2,
.0 1,
.0 1,
.0 9.
.0 1.
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 98
. 0 100
.0 100
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
,4
.6
.1
.3
.1
.9
.3
.3
.7
. 0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
HP/
CID
.493
.501
.562
.621
.684
.670
.691
.769
.756
.752
.795
.774
.774
.784
.797
.767
.784
.945
.818
.886
.998
1.000
1.000
HP/
WT
.0347
.0343
.0328
.0321
.0311
.0309
.0321
.0356
.0348
.0349
.0350
.0341
.0341
.0334
.0345
.0338
.0330
.0336
.0329
.0311
, .0351
.0351
.0351
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
31.2 40
31.4 38
43.9 ' 43,
51.2 45
67.8 32
54 .9 4.5 ,
66.7 33
65.1 34
65.6 34
70.9 29,
90.7 9
91.6 8
96.6 3
99.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.6 28.
.5 30.
.9 12.
.6 3.
.2
.0
.2
.9
.3
.1
.3
.4
.4
.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
,0
0
,0
,0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
TON
-MPG
35.6
'35.5
35.9
36.1
37.5
39.0
38.9
40.0
40.1
39.2
40.3
40.7
41.5
39.0
41.2
41.8
42.1
43 .4
42.6
41.8
42.3
42 .2
42.3
CU-FT
-MPG
2166.
2212
2437
. 2629
2862
3045
3030
3072
3078
3006
3022
3019
2977
2788
2969
3017
3146
3675
3666
3367
3354
3295
3303
CU-FT
TON-MP(
4097
4098
3893
3851
3809
4144
4124
4211
4231
4118
4165
4183
4221
3872
4084
4202
4214
4328
4253
3787
3806
3707
3716
' DESIGNED
DOM
93.4
94.1
85.5
81.3
57.7
73.4
84.1
83.7
76.4
81.9
71.8
73.8
78 .4
65.6
67.2
73.9
67,9
.0
.0
.0
1.9
.0
.0
EUR
1.9
1.7
2.9
3.8
8.6
7.2
9.0
8.2
8.7
7.8
10.3
9.0
10.3
9.7
6.2
1.7
.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
ASIA
4.6
4.2
11.7
14.8
33 .8
19 .5
6.9
8.1
14 .9
10.4
17.9
17.3
11.3
24 .7
26 .6
24 .4
31.4
100.0
100 .0
100.0
98 .1
100.0
100.0
H-5
-------
Appendix H (continued)
Table H-6
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 CARS
A-4 TRANS.
MODEL
VEAR
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
. 1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
42
57
b7
135
230
183
206
200
154
181
142
147
117
131
100
83 '
64
91
44
1
0
18
32
OP A-4:
FUEL ECONOMY WGHT VOL ENGINE
FRAC
.004
.005
.006
.016
.029
.023
.019
.019
.014
.017
.013
.015
.013
.015
.012
.010
.008
.010
.006
.000
.000
.002
.004
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
10.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
5.9
4.0
7.5
11.3
10.4
10.8
2.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
100.0
100.0
4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.4
S.I
5.0
.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
CITY HWY 55/45 LB CU-FT CID
19.6 25.6 22.0 3589 102.4 167
20.5 26.5 2"). 8 3567 100.6 168
22.5 27.6 24.5 3477 101.0 169
2j.2 30.6 26.0 3277 94.6 165
21.3 29.6 24.4 3456 107.6 194
24.1 31.8 27.1 3325 99.1 156
22.4 30.5 25.4 3376 99.5 166
22.0 29.2 24.7 3408 100.5 168
20.0 27.1 22.6 3514 105.6 191
20.3 27.7 23.1 3519 105.9 190
19.7 27.2 22.5 3504 104.6 188
19.5 27.4 22.4 3546 106.6 184
19.7 27.9 22.7 3652 110.1 175
19.9 28.7 23.1 3662 106.2 177
19.6 28.8 22.9 3757 107.3 182
20.2 29.7 23.6 3853 109.5 186
20.- 30.2 23.7 3934 105.9 100
21.0 31.6 24.8 4003 104.0 202
22.8 35.0 27.1 3720 104.4 171
18.6 30.5 22.6 3500 59.9 220
18.3 30.1 22.2 3500 59.9 220
23.4 38.3 28.4 3190 108.6 122
23.8 39.0 28.8 3114 107.3 119
TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
. HP
. 105
102
95
105
114
112
127
129
158
161
161
163
160
167
181
186
219
216
172
270
270
125
122
0-60
TIME
15.8
16.2
16.6
14.6
14 .0
13.9
12 .8
12.6
11.3
11.0
11.0
10 .9
11.5
11.1
10.9
10 .9
9.4
9.7
10.9
7.0
7.0
12.2
12.1
TOP
SPD
105
104
103
107
109
109
115
115
124
125
125
125
123
126
129
130
j.40
138
127
165
165
116
116
FOUR
MANUAL LOCK FI TBI PORT GARB DSL VALVE
.0 .0 15.1 .0 15.1 36
.0 .0 23.5 .0 23.5 20
.0 .0 39.8 .0 39.8
.0 .0 32.1 .0 32.1 41
.0 .0 57.1 24.5 32.7 23
.0 .0 59.5 .0 59.5 13
.0 .0 80.0 .0 80.0
.0 .0 82.3 .0 82.3
.0 .0 95.8 .0 95.8
.0 .0 87.1 .0 87.1
.0 .0 99.5 .0 99.5
.0 .0 99.8 .0 99.8
.0 .0 98.3 .0 98.3
.0 .0 95.4 .0 95.4
.0 .0 96.0 .0 96.0
.0 .0 100.0 .0 100.0
.0 .0 100.0 .0 100.0
.0 .0 93.6 .0 93.6
.0 .0 94.0 .0 94.0
.0 .0 100.0 .0 100.0
.0 .0 100.0 .0 J.00.0
.0 .0 100.0 .0 100.0
.0 .0 100.0 .0 100.0
.6 48.
.3 56.
.0 60.
.4 26.
.5 19.
.0 27.
.0 20.
.0 17.
.0 4.
.0 12.
.0
.0
:0 1.
.0 4.
.. 0 4.
.0
.0
.0 6
.0 6
.0
.0
.0
.. 0
3
1
2
5
4
5
0
7
2
,9 1.
.5
.2 3
.7 4
.6 13
. 0 12
. 0 62
. 0 83
.4 98
.0 98
.0
.0
. 0 97
.0 98
0
0
. 0.
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.5
.1
.8
.1
.5
.8
.6
.8
.8
.8
.2
.0
.0
.9
.5
HP/
CID
.632
.609
.569
.635
.624
.723
.775
.790
.852
.871
.886
.912
.926
.970
.986
.991
1.102
1.076
1.008
1.227
1.227
1.021
1.031
HP/
WT
.0298
.0291
.0280
.0322
.0332
.0338
.0377
.0381
.0443
.0452
.0455
.0455
.0434
.0453
.0472
.0474
.0551
.0535
.0460
.0771
.0771
.0392
.0394
VEHICLE SIZE
TON
-MPG
40.5
42.0
43.4
43.1
42.7
. 45.6
43.6
42.7
40.3
41.3
39.7
40.0
41.6
42.6
43.3
45.6
46.7
50.1
5o . j
39.5
38.9
45 .2
44 .8
CU-FT
-MPG
2306
2361
2511
2514
2650
2743
2592
2547
2484
2538
2422
2441
2533
2502
2514
2620
2546
2645
Ja6i
1351
1331
3087
3100
CU-FT
TON-MPt
4140
4278
4438
4124
4596
4556
4368
4308
4304
4422
4184
4287
4583
4533
4654
4996
4951
5235
• 5332
2364
2329
4916
4817
DESIGNED
SMALL MID LARGE DOM
100.0
95.6 4.
94.4 5.
96.9 3 .
70.1 5.
85.6 14.
82.5 17.
70.5 29.
57.3 42.
57.3 42.
64.2 35.
64.0 36.
55.4 44.
60.1 39.
62.8 26,
59.4 27,
70.3 19,
80.8 8
56.8 43
100.0
100.0
51.0 49
62.1 37
0
4
6
1
4 24.
4
5
5
7
7
8
,0
.6
.9
.8 10
.6 12
.5 10
. 1 11
.2
.0
.0
.0
.9
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
5 24.5
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
,0 1.6
.0 . .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.4 .0
.9 .0
.2 .0
.1 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
EUR
64 .7
62.6
63 .6
35 .8
36.6
65.7
79.7
80 .9
96.3
99. 9
94.1
96.0
92.5
84.5
86.8
89.1
97.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0
.0
ASIA
35.3
37 .4
36.4
64.2
38 .9
34.3
20 .3
19.1
2.0
.1
5.9
4 .0
7.5
15.5
13.2
10.9
2.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
100 .0
100.0
H-6
-------
Appendix H (continued)
Table H-7
CHARACTERISTICS OP 1975 TO 2000 CARS
A-5 TRANS.
MODEL
YEAR
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
200.0
SALES
(000)
2
3
6
6
5
13
9
1
1
• 4
5
OF , A- 5
FUEL ECONOMY
FRAC
.000
.000
.001
.001
.001
.001
.001
.000
.000
.000
.001
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
.0
. .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
,0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
13.0
5.7
CITY
18.1
. 18.2
- 17.0
16.7
18.8
19.1
19.1
18.4
18.4 .
18.3
18.7
HWY
28.1
29.2
25.9
25.2
30.9
31.2
31.2
30.6
30.6
31.1
31.7
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
55/45
21.5
21.9
20.1
19. •>
22.8
23.1
23.1
22.4
22.4
22.5
23.0
FUEL
FI
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0 '
100.0
100 .0
100 .0
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
4000 50.0
4000 50.0
4372 104.8
4941 114.6
4853 102.1
4500 109.6
4500 105.4
3000 50.0
3000 50.0
3198 59.9
3297 60.3
METERING
TBI PORT
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
ENGINE 0-60 TOP
CID
181
181
191
193
195
195
195
151
151
173
187
CARS
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
HP TIME SPD
228 9.0 143
228 9.0 143
228 9.6 138
228 10.6 133
217 10.9 130
217 10.2 134
217 10.2 134
201 7.9 148
201 7.9 148
239 7.3 159.
255 7.0 163
FOUR
DSL • VALVE
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
HP/
CID
1.260
1.260
1.192
1.180
1.113
1.113
1.113
1.331
1.331
1.370
1.360
HP/
WT
.0570
.0570
.0523
..0462
.0448
.0482
.0482
.0670
.0670
.0740
.0772
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100.0
100.0
25.6
11.8
29.3
21.0
27.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 74.4
.0 88.2
.0 70.7
.0 79.0
.0 72.8
.0 .0
. 0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
TON CU-FT
-MPG -MPG
43.1 1077
43.8 1094
43.9 2078
48.6 2240
55.3 2320
52.0 2535
52.1 2437
33.6 1121
33.6 1121
35.9 1347
37.8 1381
DESIGNED
DOM EUR
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
CU-FT-
TON-MPG
. 2154
2188
4605
5568
5715
5703
5484
1681
1681
2188
2297
ASIA
.'0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0;
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
H-7
-------
Appendix H (continued)
Table H-8 CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 CARS A-6 TRANS.
MODEL SALES FUEL ECONOMY WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
YEAR (000) PRAC CITY HWY 55/45 LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1998 0 .000 11.0 18.0 13.3 3500 50.0 213 375 5.4 203 1.761 .1071 23.3 666 1166
0 .000 11.0 18.0 13.3 3500 50.0 213 375 5.4 203 1.761 .1071 23.3 666 1166
PERCENT OF A-6:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING FOUR VEHICLE SIZE DESIGNED
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK FI TBI PORT CARB DSL VALVE SMALL MID LARGE DOM EUR ASIA
1998 .0 .0 .0 .0 100.0 .0 iOO.O .0 .0 .0 ' 100.0 .0 .0 .0 100.0 .0
.0 .0 .0 .0 100.0 .0 100.0 .0 .0 .0 100.0 .0 .0 .0 100.0 .0
H-8
-------
Appendix H (continued)
Table H-9
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 CARS
L-3 TRANS.
MODEL
YEAR
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
199S
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
198S
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
749
869
1339
2261
3031
2832
3927
. 3203
2990
2679
3027
2467
1980
1765
1634
1421
899
893
6*71
611
438
389
362
OF L-3:
FRAC
.067
.080
.142
.259
.388
.354
.368
.297
.271
.250
.282
.246
.225
.207
.202
.168
.107
.095
.085
.073
.055
.045
.042
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
.0
.0
2.0
.0
33 .0
41.4
51.2
59.5
72 .1
88 .4
97.7
99.2
99.9
100.0
100.0
100 .0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
4WD
.0
.0
.0
.7
.7
1.3
1.0
1.3
.0
.0
.0
.1
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FUEL
CITY
14.7
16.0
17.1
19.3
20.8
20.9
21.8
22.9
23 .7
25.0
25.6
25.7
25.4
24.8
24.1
-' 0
^3 . 8
26.8
27.3
27.2
26.7
26.4
27.1
ECONOMY
HWY
21.6
22.9
24.9
27.9
30.8
30.8
32.1
33.9
34.9
36.4
37.3
37.7
37.6
37.1
36.7
36.8
38.0
39.4
39.4
38.5
39.5
39.1
38. .8
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
LOCK
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100'. 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
55/45
17.2
18.5 .
19.9
22.4
24.4
24.4
25.5
26.8
27.7
29.1
29.8
30.0
29.7
29.1
28.5 .
28.4
30.2
31.3
31.6
31.3
31.3
30.9
31.3
FUEL
FI
.0
.0
.0
.3
17.7
22.8
37.5
56.2
71.5
' 70.6
84.1
88.1
98.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
4133 114.8
3821 116.0
3759 117.5
3641 115.3
3265 111.6
3235 112.1
3184 111.1
3104 109.6
3022 107.5
2925 107.0
2866 105.8
2865 104.8
2913 104.1
2918 104.1
3003 104.0
3020 105.0
2901 102.2
2843 103.1,
2826 101.6
2817 99.8
2842 100.8
2855 100.8
2848 101.4
METERING
TBI PORT
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.3 .0
15.7 2.0
21.8 1.0
31.0 6.5
49.2 7.0
61.8 9.7
56.2 14.4
58.8 25.3
60.3 27.8
56.0 42.1
56.8 43.2
20.8 79.2
19.6 80.4
21.7 78.3
3.1 96.9
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
ENGINE
CID HP
311 146
301 142
270 120
253 115
204 105
202 108
190 106
179 104
167 100
151 99
140 101
138 105
139 111
144 114
151 123
158 \25
132 110
124 121
120 122
116 114
123 125
124 125
124 125
0-60
TIME
13.3
12.8
14.5
14.6
14.4
14.0
14 .0
13.9
14.0
13.9
13.5
13.1
12.7
12 . 4
11.9
11.8
. 12.5
11.5
11.5
12.0
11.1
11.1
11.1
TOP
SPD
114
116
109
108
107
108
108
108
108
108
109
111
113
114
117
118
113
118
119
115
120
120
120
FOUR
GARB DSL VALVE
100.0
100.0.
91 .7 8.
87.8 11.
77.1, 5,
75.8 1,
61.8
43 .7
28.5
29.4
15.9
11.9
1.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.3
.9
.2
.4
.7
.1
.0
.0 1.
.0 6.
. 0 J.1 .
.0 19.
.0 14.
. 0 16.
.0 6.
.0 13.
.0 59.
.0 52.
.0 60,
.0 62,
. 0 57,
.0 60,
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 .
0
4
,5
,4
,1
.9
,9
.3
.3
,9
.8
.0
.9
.6
HP/
CID
.471
.472
.449
.466
.549
.563
.594
.611
.633
.684
.736
.775
.814
.806
.833
.808
.852.
.982
1.02C
.988
1.016
1.009
1.013
HP/
WT
.0352
.0373
.0322
.0317
.0322
.0331
.0332
.0333
.0331
.0335
.0350
.0365
.0379
.0389
.0409
.0414
.0380
.0427
.0431
.0405
.0440
.0439
.0441
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
32.3 60,
.0 84,
16.0 59.
15.6 67,
36.5 56,
33.9 57.
38.4 53,
44.4 54,
56.7 42.
56.3 43,
7i:4 28.
69.1 30.
69.6 30.
66.6 33.
71.7 28.
.72.4 27.
83.5 16
92.6 7
98.2 1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 .0
.9 6.8
.3 15.7
.7 24.2
,6 16.9
,7 6.8
.7 8.4
.8 7.8
.2 1.3
.1 1.2
.0 .8
.6 • .0
.9 .0
.4 .0
.4 .0
.3 .0
.6 .0
.5 .0
.4 .0
.8 .0
.0 .0
.0 - .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
TON
-MPG
35.6
35.5
37.8
41.2
40.1
39.7
40.7
41.7
41.9
42.6
42.8
43.0
43 .3
42 .6
42 .8
4^ 0
43.8
44 .5
44 .7
44.1
44.5
44 .2
44.7
CU-FT
-MPG
1994
2161
2369
2621.
2764
2780
2868
2983
3015
3143
3179
3155
3102
3041
2976
2997
3094
3233
3221
3127
3161
3128
3190
CU-FT
TON-MPf
4088
4115
4487
4790
4497
4457
4522
4585
4518
4568
4538
4511
4512
4431
4458
4517
4482
4592
4546
4403
4483
4454
4530
DESIGNED
DOM
100.0
100.0
100.0
96.8
96.3
93 .1
93 .2
88.8
87.4
76.8
77.5
78.8
74.6
79.6
80.0
89.8
79.9
80.4
72.5
62.6
79.2
82.4
80.8
EUR
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
ASIA
.0
.0
.0
3 .2
3.7
6.9
6 .8
11.2
12 .6
23.2
22 .5
21.2
25.4
20; 4
20.0
10.2
20 .1
19.6
27.5
37.4
20.8
17.6
19.2
H-9
-------
Table H-10
Appendix H (continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 CARS
L-4 TRANS.
MODEL
YEAR
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
199S
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
219
650
986
1708
2295
3127
3400
3702
4069
4475
4441
4503
4559
5077
5748
6772
5895
6394
6265
6632
6392
rjEL ECONOMY
FRAC
.023
.074
.126
.213
.215
.290
.309
.345
.379
.447
.504
.528
.562
.600
.683
.721
.747
.767
.786
.770
.740
CITY
16
16
16
17
18
19
20
21
21
21
21
21
21
22
22
22
22
22
23
22
22
.1
.4
.8
.8
.3
.3
.7
.0
.4
.3
.4
.9
.5
.4
.1
.4
.5
.8
.1
.9
.9
HWY
25
26
26
28
28
30
33
33
34
34
34
35
35
35
35
36
36
37
37
37
37
.6
.3
.8
.3
.9
.7
.5
.7
.4
.4
.5
.0
.0
.9
.7
.5
.5
.0
.4
.0
.2
55/45
19
--J
20
21
21
23
25
25
25
25
25
26
26
26
26
27
27
27
27
27
27
.3
.8
.2
.4
.9
.1
.0
.3
.8
.7
.8
.4
.1
.9
.7
.2
.2
.6
.9
.6
.7
WGHT
LB
3975
4001
4016
3823
3736
3633
3478
3445
3464
3442
3466
3407
3491
3407
3420
3397
3408
3371
3369
3430
3441
VOL
CU-FT
128.
132.
128.
123.
118.
119.
117.
115.
115.
114.
113.
112,
114.
113,
112,
111
111
111
110
111
112
,1
,8
3
3
3
4
2
,1
.4
.9
,4
.9
.5
.3
.2
.9
.9
.5
.9
.7
.6
ENGINE
CID
321
297
288
267
261
247
223
212
210
202
193
189
195
184
185
181
178
174
170
173
173
HP
140
140
141
134
134
137
138
138
141
141
144
148
156
150
154
161
162
163
162
167
171
0-60
TIME
13 .
13.
13 .
13 .
13.
12.
12.
12.
11.
11,
11,
11
11
11
11
10
10
10
10
10
10
,1
.3
,4
,3
,1
,7
,2
.1
: 9
.9
.7
.4
.2
.3
.1
.7
.6
.6
.6
.5
.3
TOP
SPD
114
114
114
113
114
116'
117
118
119 •
119
120
122
124
122
124
126
127
127
127
128
130
HP/
CID
.438
.472
.495
.523
.542
.583
.652
.693
.714
.741
.790
.823
.841
.853
.865
.919
.937
.957
.975
.988
1.011
HP/
WT
.0356
.0351
.0352
.0352
.0360
.0378
.0395
.0399
.0405
.0410
.0416
.0431
.0443
.0436
.0446
.0469
.0471
.0477
.0476
.0484
.0492
TON
-MPG
38.
39.
40.
41.
41.
42.
43 .
43.
44.
44 ,
44 ,
44,
45,
45,
45,
46
46
46
47
47
47
3
6
8
0
0
1
,5
.6
.7
,3
.8
.9
.5
.9
.7
.2
.3
.5
.2
.5
.8
CU-FT
CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
2472
2626
2602
2654
2614
2785
294S
2927,
2991
2966
2943
3000
3004
3079
3020
3066
3060
3098
->124
3114
3147
4934
5269
5255
5067
4881
5049
5116
5032
5176
5105
5090
508S
5226
5214
5136
5171
5189
5193
5233
5313
5394
PERCENT OF L-4:
MODEL
YEAR
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
.0 .0 .0 100.0
.0 .0 .0 100.0
14.8 .0 .0 100.0
17.5 .0 .0 100.0
18
42
57
62
66
72
78
76
72
80
81
80
86
87
90
89
90
.2
.4
.3
.2
.4
.0
.2
.9
.5
.2
.8
.5
.3
.5
.2
.6
.4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.0
.3
.0
.0
.1
.3
.8
.2
.7
.3
.4
.1
.3
.5
.7
.5
.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
FUEL
FI
8.9
10.4
22.0
43.6
50.
59.
69.
81.
89.
95.
99.
100 -.
100.
100.
100.
100,
100
100
100
100
99
2
9
0
2
6
0
2
,0
,0
,0
.0
.0
.0 '
.0
.0
.0
.8
METERING
TBI PORT
8.9 .0
10.4 .0
19.7 2.3
37.0 6.6
35.8
31.5
6.7
11.6
9.7
10.8
4.0
8.1
5.2
3.7
1.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
14.
28.
62.
' 69.
79.
84.
95.
91.
94.
96.
99.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
99.
5
5
3
6
9
2
2
9
8
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
GARB
91.1
89.6
73.4
54.5
49.0
39.6
30.9
18.8
10.4
5.0
.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
..0
DSL
.0
.0
4.6
1.9
.8
.5
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.
8.
12.
12.
24.
27.
29,
36,
39.
47
54
55
59
61
59
0
0
2
2
0
2
8
,6
.4
.5
.6
.6
.9
.4
.6
.5
.4
VEHICLE SIZE DESIGNED
SMALL MID LARGE DOM EUR
.0 31.7 68.3 100 .0 .0
.0 10.1 89.9 100.0 .0
4.8 22.6 72 .5 97.7 .0
24.6 18.6 56.8 87.7 .1
35.
27.
29.
41.
34.
29.
35.
43,
35
38
43
43
41
44
40
38
36
0
9
1
2
2
,5
.1
.3
.2
.6
.3
.8
,9
.2
.0
.1
.5
16.8
20.5
31.4
24.2
32.1
40.4
39.7
33.6
37.4
39.7
34.5
37.1
40.2
37.6
45.8
44 .8
38.6
48.2
51.6
39.5
34.5
33.7
30.1
25.3
23.1
27.4
21.7
22.3
19.1
17.9
'18.2
14 .2
17.1
24.9
84 .3
82.7
79.2
70.4
72 .1
70.0
63.0
62.3
62.7
62.1
60.3
62.9
62.5
60.2
58.9
59.6
56.0
.2
1.5
2 .6
2 .2
4 .2
3 .6
3 .2
2.7 '
2.5
2.4
2.9
3 .4
3 .3
3 .6
4.0
3.6
6 .9
ASIA
.0
.0^
2.3
12 .2
15 .5
15 . 8
18 ,_3
27.3
23 . 7
26 .4
33 .3
34 .9
34 , 8
35 .5
36 .7
33 .8
34.1
36.1
37 .2
36 . 8
37 . 1
H-10
-------
Appendix H (continued)
Table H-ll
MODEL
YEAR
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1993
1994
19.95
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
9
22
29
26
150
261
362
610
OF L-5
FUEL
FRAC
.001
.003
.003
.003
.018
.033
.042
.071
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
.0
.0
.0
16.2
2.0
•7.5
9.0
23.5
4WD
•P
.0
.0
11.4
5.4
10.6
17.0
11.6'
CITY
17.
17
18
18,
20.
21.
20.
20.
.0
.8
.4
.1
.3
,0
.3
3
ECONOMY
HWY
28.
30.
31.
30.
32.
33.
33.
33.
2
2
0
0
9
7
3
1
55/45
20.7
21.8
22.5
22. _
24.5
25.3
24.6
24.6
TRANSMISSION FUE:
MANUAL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
LOCK
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FI
100.
100.
100.
100.
98.
98.
98.
100.
0
0
0
0
2
7
9
0
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 CARS
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT CID
4249 116.2 243
4011 110.0 222
4301 110.8 233
4309 106.7 245
4027 107.3 217
3923 105.7 202
3936 106.8 203
3858 109.0 199
FUEL METERING .
TBI PORT CARS
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 98.2
.0 98.7
.0 98.9
.0 100.0
L-5 TRANS.
SINE
) HP
1 280
! 258
; 271
258
.236
233
233
227
RB
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.8
1.3
1.1
.0
0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT
TIME SPD CID WT -MPG -MPG
8.0 156 1.152 .0661 43.9 2402
8.2 152 1.164 .0643 43.8 2400
8.3 152 1.167 .0630 48.5 2496
8.8 148 1.054 .0592 47.5 2370
9.0 144 1.097 .0582 49.5 2659
8.9 145. 1.165 .0590 49.9 2696
8.9 145 1.168 .0590 48.6 2648
8.9 144 1.162 '.0587 47.6 2697
FOUR VEHICLE SIZE DESIGNED
VALVE
100
100
98.
67.
93.
61.
53.
52.
.0
.0
.0
.8
.7
6
3
9
.SMALL
56
38,
43 ,
38.
37.
41.
33.
.0
.8
.5
: 7
.4
.1
9
1
MID
'100
43
61
9
42
54
50
57.
.0
.2
.5
.6
.7
. 3-
.4
.7
LARGE
46
19
8
7
9
.0
.0
.0
.7
.0
.6
.7
.2
DOM
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
3.1
EUR
100
100
100.
90.
99.
79.
88.
78.
.0
.0
.0
.4
.9
0
0
1
CU-FT-
TON-MPG
5105
4810
5378
5090
5327
5274
5199
5186
ASIA
.0
.0
.0
9.6
.1
21.0
12.0
18 .7
H-ll
-------
Table H-12
Appendix H (continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 CARS
OTHER TRANS.
MODEL
YEAR
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1986
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
45
131
91
51
37
36
3
0
12
4
5
1
1
1
7
5
3
2
FRAC
.004
.012
.010
.006
.005
.005
.000
.000
.001
.000
.001
.000
.000
.000
.001
.001
.000
.000
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
26.4
26.7
31.0
31.0
32.6
31.5
29.4
19.4
36.7
30.1
27.7
20.8
26.4
36.4
37.8
38.0
37.5
25.7
32.1
33.2
39.1
41.0
43.0
41.9
39.2
29.9
43.9
37.4
35.8
33.1
35.8
46.6
48.4
49.4
48.8
38.0
28.7
29.3
34.2
34.9
36.6
35.4
33.1
23.0
39.6
33.0
30.8
25.0
29.9
40.4
41.9
42.4
41.8
30.1
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
2151
2251
2132
2250
2200
2277
2545
2750
2250
2515
2621
3210
2718
2750
2750
2750
2750
2905
85.7
86.0
88.4
87.8
87.8
89.2
93.5
50.0
88.6
83.6
80.8'
68.8
78.7
97.1
99.5
97.1
97.1
87.4
ENGINE
CID HP
92
96
93
96
91
94
117
170
73
99
113
164
117
97
97
97
97
122
64
68
73
78
67
70
88
160
66
104
121
199
133
115
115
'.:.5
115
173
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
14.7 100
14.6 101
13.2 105
13.1 106
14.4 101
14.3 102
13.4 107
8.8 136
15.3 100
13.1 113
12.4 118
9.3 142
12.0 121
11.5 117
11.5 117
11.5 117
11.5 117
10.2 136
HP/
CID
.698
.715
.789
.816
.740
.748
.758
.941
.904
1.022
1.034
1-.186
1.082
1.186
1.186
1.186
1.186
1.312
HP/
WT
.0299
.0304
.0344
.0349
.0307
.0309
.0348
.0582
.0293
.0388
.0425
.0595
.0451
.0418
.0418
..4" "
.0418
.0564
TON
-MPG
31.0
33.7
36.8
39.2
40.3
40.5
42.1
31.7
44.5
42.2
41.1
40.5
41.2
55.5
57.7
•56.3
57.5
50.9
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
2474
2599
3040
3062
3217
3183
3109
1151
3508
2970
2747
1895
2603
3920
4172
4120
4062
3378
2681
2912
3248
3445
3534
3608
3942
1583
3947
3550
3354
2817
3267
5390
5->37
Z66S
5586.
4701
PERCENT OF OTHER:
MODEL
YEAR
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1986
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0
100.0
25.3
.0
13 . 1
.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
79.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
56.8
72.6
10.9
64.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT CARB
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
10.9
100.0
.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0 .0 100.
.0 .0 100.
.0 .0 100.
.0 .0 100.
.0 -0 100
.0 .0 100
.0 10.9 89
.0 100.0
.0 .0 100
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
0
0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
-.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
55.8
14.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
79.3
.VEHICLE
SMALL
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0 .
.100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 .0
100.0
100.0
100.0
SIZE
MID LARGE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
-.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
'.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DESIGNED
DOM EUR ASIA
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100 .0
.0 100 .0
.0 100 .0
100.0 .0
.0 100.. 0
17.9 82.1
27.4 72.6
76 .0 24 .0
35.3 64.7
.0 100.0
.0 100 .0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
20.7 79.3
H-12
-------
Appendix H (continued)
Table H-13
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 VANS
M-3 TRANS.
MODEL
YEAR
1979
1980
1981
1982 .
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
SALES
(000)
40
29
20
12
11
14
7
5
1'
FUEL
FRAC.
.083
.121
.082
.039
.029
.020
.008
.004
.001
CITY
15
16
17
17.
17.
18.
18.
18.
18.
.7
.7
.6
.9
.7
.4
,7
.8
4
20.1
22.7
23.6
23.6
23.6
24.4
23.9
24.0
24.1
17.3
19.0
19.9
20.1
19.9
20.7
20.8
20.9
20.6
WGHT
LB
4248
4172
4166
4177
4227
4096
4034
4023
4069
ENGINE
CID
264
275
274
276
279
285
287
281
266
HP
129
126
125
117
118
118
132
136
161 .
0-60
TIME
14
14
14
15.
15.
15.
13.
13,
11.
.6
.6
.7
.4
.5
.2
.8
.5
,8
TOP
SPD
108
108
108
105
105
106
111
112
120
HP/
CID
.490
.464
.488
.505
HP/
WT
.0337
.0396
TON
-MPG
.0304 37.1
.0304 39.6
.451 .0301 41.5
.428 .0281 41.9
.424 .0279 42.2
.414 .0288 42.5
.465 .0327 41.9
42.1
41.9
PERCENT OF M-3:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT CARE
FOUR
DSL VALVE
VEHICLE SIZE DESIGNED
SMALL MID LARGE DOM IMPORT
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
.0
,0
.0
..0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
100
- ~A
100.
100,
100.
100.
100,
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
•0.
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
100,
100,
100,
100.
100.
100,
100,
.c
.0
.0
.0
. 0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 85.7
.0 57.3
14.3 100.0
42 ~ 1^0.0
.0 56.1 43.9 100.0
.0 48.4 51.6 100.0
.0 44 .9 55.1 100.0
.0 32.5 67.5 100.0
.0 38.8 61.2 100.0
1986
1987
100.0
1.00.0
.0 .0 .0
.0 100.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 51.4
.0 100.0
48.6 100.0
.0 100.0
H-13
-------
Appendix H (continued)
Table H-14
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 VANS
M-4 TRANS.
MODEL
YEAR
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
SALES
(000) FRAC
31 .055
33 .139
34 .137
36 .118
34 .090
SO .074
31 .035
16 .016
13 .011
3 .003
3 .002
3 .003
0 .000
OF M-4:
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
.0
.0
2.4
.0
.3
17.7
10.4
6.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
6.6
100.0
FUEL ECONOMY WGHT ENGINE
CITY HWY 55/45 LB CID HP
13.3 17.6 15.0 4224 272 125
15.7 23.8 1.J.3 39Z8 207 94
17.2 23.4 19.5 4048 230 99
lf.6 25.1 21.1 3927 208 92
17.6 24.5 20.1 3953 217 98
18.6 25.8 21.3 3774 196 100
19.9 26.8 22.5 3751 180 98
18.7 25.3 21.2 3799 191 102
17.7 23.7 20.0 3903 190 107
18.5 24.0 20.6 3885 172 111
19.5 24.7 21.5 4050 168 107
20.1 24.5 21.8 4000 129 90
17.4 20.1 18.5 4311 129' 90
TRAN .ISSION FUEL METERING
MANUAL LOCK
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FI
22.
38.
27
20
30
31
55
55
82
99
98
100
100
.1
.7-
.1
.7
.1
.6
.5
.4
.5
.4
.8
.0
.0
TBI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
15.0
6.3
29.1
25.1
.0
.0
PORT
40,
76.
70
73
100
100
.0
,0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.4
.2
.3
.7
.0
.0
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
15.7 107
18.1 99
17.7 100
18.8 98
17.6 100
16.4 102
16.6 101
16.1 102
16.1 103.
15.8 105
16.8 102
18.9 97
19.6 96
FOUR
CARB
77.
61.
72
63
69
68
44
44
17
.9
.3
.9
.8
.2
.0
.1
.2
.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL VALVE
.0
.0
.0
15.6
'.6
.4
.3
.4
.1
.6
1.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
HP/ HP/
. CID WT
.470 .0290
.476 .0236
.451 .0243
.463 .0231
.473 .0245
.559 .0265
.600 .0263
.582 .0269
.601 .0272
.666 .0284
.662 .0263
.698 .0225
.698 .0209
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL
22.
38.
27.
36.
30.
38 .
43,
40,
53 ,
70,
73,
100
100
.1
,7
.1
.2
.4
.2
.9
.4
.7
.3
.7
.0
.0
MID
25.
34,
32.
35,
46.
41.
36.
39,
23
29
26
.3
.9
.1
.6
.1
.1
.0
.1
.8
.7
.3
.0
.0
TON
-MPG
32.0
38.1
39.7
42.2
40.0
40.4
42.5
40.6"
39.0
40.2
43.6
, 43.7
39.9
LARGE
52.
26,
40.
28.
23.
20
20
20
22
.7
.3
.7
.1
.5
.6
.1
.4
.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
DESIGNED
DOM
-7
61,
72.
63.
69
61
56
59
46
29
26
J"
.3
.9
.8
.9
.8
.1
.6
.3
.7
.3
.0
.0
IMPORT
-2 .
38 .
27.
. 36.
30.
38.
43 .
40.
53.
70.
73
100
100
1
7
1
2
1
2
9
.4
. 7
.3
.7
.0
.0
H-14
-------
Table H-15
Appendix H (continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 VANS
M-5 TRANS.
MODEL
YEAR
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987_
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
SALES
(000) FRAC
0 .001
41 .061
47 .055
68 .065
58 .052
39 .035
35 .027
19 .015
14 .013
19 .016
17 .012
7 .005
2 .001
0 .000
OF M-5:
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
24.2 .0
70.9 .0
61.6 6.3
31.1 19.7
29,3 24.5
31.8 20.3
32.2 15.7
56.8 12.7
6.4 35.6
67.5 11.3
66.= .6
68.3 7.0
67.2 32.8
FUEL
CITY
33.1
24.0
23.6
22.5
21.9
20.9
20.5
21.5
20.5
22.5
20.5
21.9
21.1
24.8
ECONOMY
HWY 55/45
35.0
34.3
34.0
32.1
31.9
31.5
30.9
31.9
29.7
33.0
31.9
33.3
28.6
34.2
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1C 3.0
100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
•.0
.0
33.9
27.8
27.4
26..
25.5
24.6
24.1
25.2
23.8
26.3
24.4
25.9
23.9
28.3
FUEL
FI
.0
29.1
32.1
37.5
60.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
WGHT
LB
3198
3370
3301
3377
3408
3607
3673
3584
3719
3407
3723
3542
3942
3210
ENGINE
CID HP
97
129
128
143
147
167
170
159
146
141
156
154
138
133
METERING
TBI PORT
.0
.0
.0
4.4
12.7
36.9
31.3
35.1
1.0
21.4
34.0
51.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
33.1
47.5
63.1
68.7
64.9
99.0
78.6
66.0
48.1
100.0
49
89
95
100
108
116
120
123
117 -
117
118
115
119
127
CARB
.0
68.9
67.9
59.6
39.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. 0
.0
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
24.7 87
16.1 101
15.1 104
14.8 105
14.3 107
14.1 109
13.9 109
13.5 111
14.4 108
-13.2 111
14.2 108
14.0 109
14.7 109
11.9 116
FOUR
DSL VALVE
100.0 .0
1.9 .0
.0 .0
2.9 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
..0 7. '8
.0 9.9
.0 59.0
HP/ HP/
CID WT
.505 .0160
.689 .0266
.743 .0290
.708 .0300
.738 .0316
.714 .0321
.724 .0326
.777 .0344
.802 .0314
.854 .0347
.762 .0318
.755 .0325
.874 .0321
.955 .0395
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID
100.0 .0
38.0 62.0
51.8 48.2
44.8 52.2
50 .5 49.5
34.9 60.0
24.6 70.6
31.7 68.3
48.3 51.7
55.1 44.9
10.5 89.5
21.9 78.1
59.0 .0
TON
-MPG
53 . 9
46 . 8
45.2
43 .9.
43 .6
44 .6
44 .5
45.5
44 .2
44 . 7
45.7
45 .9
46.9
45.5
LARGE
.0
.0
.0
2.9
.0
5.2
4.8
' . .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
41.0
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
24.2 75.8
63.9 36.1
48.2 51.8
55.2 44.8
49.5 50.5
65.1 34.9
69.9 30.1
59.6 40.4
21.6 78.4
35.3 64 .7
57 . 9 42
76.4 23.6
.0 100.0
1996
58.1 41.9
100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0
.0 100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0 100 .0
H-15
-------
Appendix H (continued)
Table H-16
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 VANS
A-3 TRANS.
MODEL
YEAR
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
SALES
(000)
377
85
77
119
110
263
365
328
286
199
262
53
19
23
24
29
27
23
5
FUEL
FRAC
.784
.350
.314
.385
.286
.390
.427
.314
.257
.176
.205
.042
.018
.019
.017
.021
.016
.016
.004
CITY
11
13
14
14
14
15
17
18
17
17
18
16
15
14
15
14
14
14
14
.9
.5
.3
.0
.1
.8
.2
.6
.1
.3
.5
.9
.8
.8
.0
.7
.7
.2
.2
ECONOMY
HWY
14
17
18
18
18
21
22
24
22
22
24
21
19
18
19
19
18
18
18
.8
.8
.5
.3
.3
.0
.5
.9
.8
.7
.5
.4
.5
.9
.2
.0
.8
.6
.9
55/45
13
15
16
15
15
17
19
21
19
19
20
18
17
16
16
16
16
15
16
.0
.2
.0
.6
.7
.8
.2
.0
.3
.4
.8
.7
.3
.4
.6
.4
.3
.9
.0
WGHT
LB
4625
4657
4511
4513
4399
3962
3827
3843
4098
4172
3899
4326
4608
4897
5074
4956
5030
5066
4500
ENGINE
CID
334
315
309
314
316
249
218
204
239
247
208
260
276
306
303
307
305
305
318
HP
148
137
130
135
133
127
121
115
136
139
131
151
142
174
160
175
168
170
215
0-60
TIME
14.
15.
15.
15.
15.
14 .
14 .
15.
14,
14-i
14.
13 .
14.
13.
14.
13.
14.
14.
10.
5
5
6
2
1
5
7
2
1
2
1
5
9
4
7
5
1
1
3
TOP
SPD
112
108
107
108
109
109
108
106'
111
112
111
115
110
118
113
118
115
116
133
HP/
CID
.445
.437
.425
.431
.424
.548
.593
.597
.593
.578
.667
.615
.527
.564
.526
.568
.549
.554
.676
HP/
WT
.0321
.0294
.0290
.0299 .
.0304
.0319
.0314
.0299
.0329
.0329
.0333
.0352
.0307
.0358
.0318
.03r"
.03ij
.0342
.0478
TON
-MPG
30.6
35.6
36.2
35.5
34.8
35.9
37.5
40.7
40.1
41.1
41.2
40.5
39.8
40.4
42.3
407
41.1
40.3
36.0
PERCENT OF A-3:
MODEL
YEAR
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
.0 .0 .0 .0
.0
.0
.0
.4
39.7
59.2
66.3
43.2
38.1
64.6
16.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
6.7
.0
.0
1.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FUEL
FI
.4
3
2
1
2
2
1
41
98
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
.2
.7
.4
.6
.1
.5
.9
.2
.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
METERING
TBI PORT
.0 .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
24.5
68.8
53.3
29.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
16.
29.
46.
70.
100.
100,
100
100
100
100
100
0
0
0
0
0
0
.9
,7
.9
.7
,3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
CARB
99.6
96.
97,
98 ,
97,
97,
98,
99,
58,
.1,
,8
,3
.6
.0
r.
r
.1
.8
.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
DSL VALVE
.0 .0
.0
.0
.0
.4
.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
,.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
.4 63.2 36.4
3,
2
1
3
2
. 1
1
6
13
.2
.7
.4
.0
.5
.5
.9
.2
.8
.6
.7
.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
10.
5.
16.
28.
62.
78.
78,
75.
67.
73
45,
36
14
38
27
28
100
4
,1
,3
,7
.5
.9
.4
.6
.7
.6
.8
.0
.6
.9
.5
.8
.4
.0
86 .
92.
82.
68.
34.
19.
20,
23 .
31,
25
47
86
63
85
61
72
71
4
1
4
3
.9
.6
.7
.2
.5
.8
.5
.2
.4
.1
.5
.2
.6
.0
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
99.6 .4
96.
97.
98.
97.
97.
98.
99,
98,
99,
99.
93
86
100
100
100
100
100
100
8
3
6
,4
,9
,5
.1
.8
.2
.4
.3
.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
3 .
2.
1.
2.
2.
1,
1,
6,
13
2
7
4
.6
.1
,5
,9
.2
.8
.6
.7
.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
H-16
-------
Appendix H (continued)
Table H-17
MODEL
YEAR
1990
1991
1992
SALES
(000)
6
' 3
1
FRAC
.005
.003
.001
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 VANS
A-4 TRANS.
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
.12.7
12. 6
11.9
17.6
17.2
16.4
14.5
14.4
13.6
WGHT
LB
4709
4639
4856
ENGINE
CID HP
348
344
360
184
182
203
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
12.1 122
12.1 122
11.5 126
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
.530 .0393 34.2
.530 .0394 33.4
.564 .0421 32.9
PERCENT OF A-4:
MODEL
YEAR
1990
1991
1992
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING ' FOUR VEHICLE SIZE DESIGNED
FI TBI PORT CARB DSL VALVE SMALL MID LARGE DOM IMPORT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 .0 100.0 100.0 .0 .0 .0 .0
.0 ' .0 100.0 -100.0 .0 .0 .0 .0
.0 .0 100.0 100.0 .0 .0 .0 .0
.0 80.1 19.9 100.0 .0
.0 83.2 16.8 100.0 .0
.0 68.7 31.3 100.0 .0
H-17
-------
Appendix H (continued)
Table H-18
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 VANS
L-3 TRANS.
MODEL
YEAR
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES TJEL ECONOMY WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP
(000) FRAC CITY HWY 55/45 LB CID HP TIME SPD
33 .068 13.3 16.7 14.7 4227 301 136 14.4 111
94 .390 14.7 19.6 lo . 6 4283 296 139 14.2 111
114 .466 15.6 20.9 17.6 4307 285 137 14.5 111
142 .458 16.0 21.1 17.9 4315 285 142 14.3 112
26 .068 17.7 22.8 19.7 4000 225 95 18.1 99
101 .149 16.3 21.8 18.4 4208 266 131 14.9 109
150 .175 15.4 20.1 17.2 4369 285 149 13.7 114
183 .175 15.6 20.6 17.5 4365 288 146 13.9 113
228 .205 19.2 26.7 22.0 3773 207 137 13.0 115
367 .324 19.5 28.5 22.7 3853 194 143 12.6 116
111 .087 18.3 25.5 20.9 3871 215 138 13.1 114
308 .244 20.2 28.7 23.3 3789 186 125 14.1 110
225 .218 20.5 28.5 23.5 3892 183 125 14.4 109
258 .211 20.9 29.4 24.0 3902 179 128 14.0 111
274 .190 21.2 30.6 24.6 3632 179 132 13.0 114
236 .169 20. 28.7 23.5 3761 185 138 12.9 115
226 .136 21.2 29.9 24.4 3647 184 136 12.8 115
243 .172 20.5 29.3 23.7 4042 182 153 12.5 118
204 .164 20.2 29.1 23.5 4047 183 149 12.8 116
113 .076 20.6 30.4 24.1 4059 173 153 12.5 117
77 .050 20.6 29.7 23.9 4112 168 155 12.5 118
50 .034 19.7 27.8 22.6 4192 180 159 12.4 118
OF L-3:
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING FOUR
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK FI TBI PORT CARS DSL VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
8.3
7.4
8.3
72.9
87.8
63.5
90.1
90.8
94.0
96.8
86.0
91.2
90.2
86.5
88.4
78.3
64.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
68.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
12.2
36.5
69.4
60.9
37.0
27.3
27.3
30.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
68.
87.
63.
30.
39.
63.
72.
72.
69.
100.
100.
100.
300.
100.
0 100.
0 100.
0 ,00,
0 100.
0 100,
0 100.
0 100,
0 100,
2 31
8
5
6
1
0
7
7
3
0
0
0
0
0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
•0 ,
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
•0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
12.9
18.3
43.6
78.3
64 .4
HP/ HP/ TON
CID WT -MPG
452 .0322 31.3
471 .0325 35.6
482 .0318 38.1
493 .0327 38.7
422 .0237 39.5
499 .0309 38.7
531 .0340 37.6
518 .0333 38.3
702 .0368 41.7
760 .0374 43.9
682 .0360 40.7
677 .0331 44.4
687 .0320 46.0
718 .0329 47.0
737 .0365 44.7
745 .0368 -4.3
737 .0374 44.6
845 .0378 48.2
822 .0367 47.8
898 .0377 49.4
953 .0378 49.8
913 .0379 48.3
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
8.3
7.4
8.3
8.6
2 .4
6.9
.3
2.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
100.0
98.4
97.9
99.7
100.0
91.7
92.6
91.7
91.4
97.6
93.1
99.6
97.6
100 . 0
100.0
100.. 0
100.0
100 .0
100.0
100.0
100.0
64 .4
.0
1.6
2.1
.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
:o
.0
.0
.0
.0
35.6
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
91.
92.
91.
91.
97.
93 .
99.
97,
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
0
0
0
0
0
7
6
7
.4
6
,1
,7
.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
' .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
8.3
7 .4
8.3.
8.6
2 .4
6.9
.3
2 .4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
H-18
-------
Appendix H (continued)
Table H-19
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 VANS
L-4 TRANS.
MODEL
YEAR
1981
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
199S
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1981
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
0
201
207
255
445
526
524
867
872
772
919
1127
1123
1406
1143
1017
1374
1454
1420
OF L-4
FRAC
.000
.525
.307
.299
.426
.472
.463
.679
.691
.747
.753
.782
.804
.846
.811
.818
.924
.950
.966
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
.0
.0
.0
.1
.1
.0
.0
21. '
33.6
24.5
32.5
39.2
47.5
57.7
71.8
61.1
77.5
75.1
75.9
4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.9
.2
.4
8.8
13.9
7.1
5.8
8.1
10.7
2 .9
5.0
3 .5
2.7
3.9
FUEL
CITY
14.2
15.9
16.5
17.1
18 .1
18.0
17.6
18.0
17.7
17.9
17.8
18.1
18.1
18.2
18.6
18.4
1! .0
18.4
18 .9
ECONOMY
HWY
18.8
22 .2
23.4
24.7
26.4
26.3
26.3
26.9
26.5
26.6
26.6
27.4
27.3
27.9
28.7
28.3
29.6
28.9
29.4
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
LOCK
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
55/45
15.9
18.2
19.0
19.9
21.1
21.0
20.7
21.2
20.8
21.0
21.0
21.4
21.3
21.6
22.1
21.8
22.6
22.0
22.5
FUEL
FI
.0
.0
15.9
16.2
81.0
99.8
99.8
99.9
99.9
99.9
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
WGHT
LB
4500
4569
4363
4106
4064
4053
4182
4144
4196
4196
4217
4205
4221
4166
4211
4283
4193
4335
4330
ENGINE
CID
302
306
276
259
234
237
251
234
238
229
234
226
232
237
227
227
221
228
223
HP
142
' 151
136
138
134
151
155
153
158
156
159
161
163
162
174
179
182
186
186
METERING
TBI
.0
.0
.0
.0
37.0
48.9
54 .8
39.5
32.8
30.8
26.4
19.7
17.6
10.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
PORT
.0
.0
.0
. .1
44.0
50.9
45.0
60.4
67.1
69.1
73.6
80.3
82.4
90.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
CARB
100.0
91.9
81.1
82.8
18 .6
.0
. 0
. ;
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
14.4 111
14.0 113
14.8 110
13.9 112
14.1 111
12.8 117
12.8 117
12.8 117
12.6 118 '
12.7 117
12.6 118
12.4 119
12.3 119
12.2 120
11.7 123
11.6 124
11.2 126
11.3 126 •
11.3 126
FOUR
DSL VALVE
.0 .0
8.1 .0
3.0 .0
1.0 .0
.4 .0
.2 .0
.2 .0
.1 .0
.1 .0
.1 .0
.1 .0
.0 .6
.0 1.7
.0 4.1
.0 3.0
.0 2.9
.0 7.7
.0 10.5
.0 18.8
HP/
CID
.470
.495
.517
.556
.593
.665
.641
.681
.686
.708
.702
.733
.720
.707
.783 .
.798
.835 ,
.830 .
.847 .
HP/
WT
.0316
.0331
.0310
.0337
.0329
.0372
.0372
.0369
.0376
.0373
.0377
.0383
.0387
.0390
.0415
.0417
.0435
.0430
.0431
TON
-MPG
35.8
42.1
41,9
41.2
43.0
42.6
43.3
44.1
43 .9
44.3
44 .4
45 .1
45.2
45.1
46.6
46.8
47.5
47.8
48.8
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL
.0
. .0
15.9
15.2
10.5
12.3
5.6
1.8
1.8
.0
3 .2
.9
.8
.4
.1
' .0
.0
.0
.0
MID
.0
75.5
54.0
53.4-
70.4
74.3
80.7
89.8
88.9
92.4
88.3
91.4
90.8
93.7
91.7
86.4
90.4
87.2
86.7
LARGE
100 . 0
24.5
30.0
31.4
19.0
13 .4
13 .7
8.4
9.3
7.6
8.5
7.6
8.3
5.9
8.2
13.6
9.6
12.8
13 .3
DESIGNED
DOM
100.0
100.0
84.1
84 .8
89.5
87.7
94.4
94.5
92.9
83 .9
87.5
82 .2
86.0
83. .8
86.8
84.5
90.4
83.2
75.9
IMPORT
.0
.0
15 .9
15 .2,
10.5
12 .3
5 6
5. j
7.1
16.1
12 .5
17.8
14 .0
1.6.2
13.2
15.5
9.6
16.8
24.1
H-19
-------
H-20
Appendix H (continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 VANS
MODEL SALES FUEL ECONOMY WGHT ENGINE ,. 0-60 TOP
YEAR (000) FRAC CITY HWY 55/45 LB CID HP TIME SPD
HP/ HP/
CID WT
TON
-MPG
1997 17 .014
PERCENT OF L-5:
17.2 26.2 20.4 4236 244 160 12.5 118
.656 .0379 43.1
MODEL
YEAR
1997
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT CARB
FOUR VEHICLE SIZE
DSL VALVE SMALL Mlp LARGE
L-5 TRANS.
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
.0 47.3
.0 100.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0
H-.20
-------
Table H-21
Appendix H (continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 VANS
MODEL SALES
YEAR
1984
1987
1989
1990
(000)
0
2
0
0
FRAC
.000
.002
.000
.000
FUEL
CITY
28.8
17.3
17.4
17.4
ECONOMY
HWY
38.5
19.9
20.2
20.0
55/45
32
18
18
18.
.4
.4
.6
.5
WGHT
LB
2750
4000
4500
4500
ENGINE
CID
122
129 -
129
129
HP
88
90
90
90
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
14.
18 .
20,
20.
.3 105
.3 97
.4 95
,8' 95
PERCENT OF OTHER:
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
.721 .0320 44.6
.698 .0225 36.8
.698 .0200 41.7
.698 .0200 .41.6
OTHER TRANS.
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
1984 100.0 .0
1987 .0 100.0
1989 •.0 100.0
1990 .0 .0
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT CARB
FOUR
DSL VALVE
VEHICLE SIZE DESIGNED
SMALL MID LARGE DOM IMPORT
.0 .0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 .0 100.0
.0 100.0 .0
.0 100.0 .0
.0 100.0 .0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
..0 100.0
.0 100 .0
H-21
-------
Table H-22
Appendix H (continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 SUVS
M-3 TRANS..
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
198S
1986
1987
1986
1989
1990
1991
1992
83
19
9
9
8
4
12
9
6
3
3
1
0
19
FRAC
.207
.106
.066
.058
.028
.006
.016
.012
.007
.003
.003
.001
.000
.019
FUEL
CITY
15.3
13.9
14.9
14.5
15.6
13.5
15.1
14.9
14.6
13.7
14.0
13.0
13.3
18.4
ECONOMY
HWY 55/45
18.4
18.1
19.1
19.1
20.5
19.3
19.9
19.8
19.3
18.7
18.8
18.2
17.8
25.9
16. b
15.6
16.5
16.3
17.5
15.6
16.9
16.7
16.4
15.6
15.8
14.9
15.0
21.2
WGHT
LB
3272
4780
4693
4657
4705
5066
4793
4884
5047
5098
5111
5203
5000
3500
ENGINE
CID HP
276
310
304
307
308
311
306
307
314
340
326
343
348
242
120
140
131
136
137
161
150
146
164
192
174
199
207
190
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
12.6 113
15.2 108
15.6 106
15.1 108
15.0 108
14.0 113
14.2 111
14.8 109
13.9 114
12.5 121
13.5 116
12.2 122
11.4 126
9;3 136
HP/
CID
.436
.451
.430
.442
.447
.518
.489
.474
.522
.563
.531
,578
.593
.785
HP/
WT
.0370
.0291
.0278
.0290
.0291
.0317
.0313
.0298
.0326
.0377
.0340
.0383
.0414
.0543
TON
-MPG
27.1
37.4
39.0
38.1
41.4
39.6
41.0
41.1
41.5
39.8
40.6
38.9
37.5
37.0
PERCENT OF M-3:
MODEL
YEAR
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
97.7
84.2
96.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FUEL
FI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
14.2
33.9
90.0
96.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
METERING
TBI PORT CARB
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
39.0
83.8
59.3
100.0
100.0
.0
.0 100.0
.0 98.3
.0 100 .0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 85.8
33.9 66.1
51.0 10.0
12.3 3.9
40.7 .0
C .0
.0 ,.0
100.0 .0
FOUR
DSL VALVE
.0
1.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
• .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
VEHICLE SIZE DESIGNED
SMALL MID LARGE DOM IMPORT
91.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0-
.0
.0
100.0
8.4
85.3
95.1
97.5
.96.8
86.7
95.8
96.2
94.4
88.3
88.9
79.6
100.0
.0
.0 100.0
14.7 100.0
4.9 100.0
2.5 100.0
3 .2 100 .0
13.3 100.0
4 .2 100.0
3 .8 100.0
5.6 100.0
11.7 100.0
11.1 100.0
20.4 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
H-22
-------
Appendix H (continued)
Table H-23
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 SUVS
M-4 TRANS.
MODEL SALES
YEAR . (000) FRAC
1979 50 .126
1980 61 .330
1981 47 .343
1982 28 .175
1983 47 .163
1984 83 .133
1985 58 .078
. 1986 27 .035
1987 18 .021
1988 1 .001
1992 16 .016
PERCENT OF M-4:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1992.
FRONT 4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
,0
.0
.0
.0
55
100
100
98
93
95
88
84
79
69
67
. J
.0
.0
.0
.9
.5
.3
.8
.1.
.7
.7
FUEL ECONOMY WGHT ENGINE
CITY HWY 55/45 LB CID HP
11.2 14.2 12.4 4888 322 153
17.1 22.0 l".l 3134 222 95
17.8 23.9 20.1 3293 235 105
17.1 23.3 19.5 3634 245 107
18.2 24.9 20.7 3403 212 106
18.2 24.6 20.6 3603 204 105
19.3 26.5 22.0 3529 158 95
19.1 25.7 21.6 3616 198 114
17.6 24.1 20.1 3872 193 118
24.0 32.0 27.1 3348 150 117
19.0 27.4 22.1 3484 239 188
TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
MANUAL LOCK
IOC .
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100,
100.
100.
100.
100 .
. J
.0
,0
,0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
9.0
53 .0
74.2
100.0
100.0
TBI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
53.0
67.8
100.0
.0
PORT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
6. '4
.0
100.0
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
14 .5 111
14.9 104
14.0 107
15.0 105
14.5 107
15.2 105
16.2 102
14.1 108
14.5 107
,13.0 111
9.3 136
FOUR
CARS
98
93
100
91
100
100
91
47
25
.5
.4
.0
.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.8
. 0
.0
DSL VALVE
1.5
6.6
.0
8.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 '
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
HP/ HP/
CID WT
.479 .0311
.462 .0299
.467 .0323
.472 .0299
.538 .0313
.555 .0294
.630 .0268
.610 .0-317
.639 .0307
.780 .0351
.788 .0539
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL
9.
88.
82
66
50
36
16
32
.7
.1
.7
.2
.9
.7
.7
.7
.0
.0
.0
MID
57
9
17
33
49
. 63
83
67
100
100
.100
.1
.7
.3
.8
.1
;3
.3
.3
.0
.0
.0
TON
-MPG
30.5
30.8
33 .2
35.7
35.5
37.4
39.3
39.7
40.6
45.2
38.4
LARGE
33.2
2.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
-0
DESIGNED
DOM
89.
91.
y~s .
78.
82,
77.
59
91
74
100
100
7
9
,i
,0
.1
.9
.1
.3
.2
.0
.0
IMPORT
10.
8 .
5
22
17
22
40
8
25
.3
.1
..D
.0
. 9
.1
.9
.7
.8
.0
.0
H-23
-------
Appendix H (continued)
Table H-24
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 SUVS
M-5 TRANS.
MODEL
YEAR
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
199S
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000) FRAG
10 .065
38 .130
96 .155
135 .184
252 .326
297 .340
318 .329
239 .258
209 .295
239 .218
190 .190
212 .162
246 .155
278 .153
141 .075
285 .116
210 .082
216 .077
287 .089
OF M-5:
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
-
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
2.9
2.9
2.9
3.9
2.1
100
90
92
94
97
96
91
86
88
78
69
74
73
79
59
70
74
65
70
.0
.4
.7
.7
.4
.7
.7
.8
.6
.5
.9
.6
.1
.2
.0
.3
.4
.3
.7
FUEL ECONOMY WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP
CITY HWY 55/45 LB CID HP TIME SPD
17.4 25.1 20.2' 3062 244 105 13.3 109
18.5 27.2 21.6 3495 203 110 14.1 108
19.2 28.2 22.5 3468 180 105 14.5 106
18.9 28.3 22.2 356i 169 106 14.7 106
21.0 29.1 24.0 3409 150 107 14.4 107
21.1 29.1 24.1 3274 157 111 13.7 109
20.9 28.8 23.8 3315 159 114 13.5 110
19.4 27.2 22.3 3589 178 126 13.2 112
19.6 26.9 22.4 3497 172 124 13.1 112
19.3 26.5 22.0 3739 186 140 12.7 116
19.4 26.8 22.2 3700 176 133 12.9 114
19.6 26.8 22.3 3641 186 149 11.8 120
19.2 26.1 21.8 3632 182 147 12.0 119
19.5 25.9 22.0 3535 169 140 12.1 118
20.8 28.5 23.7 3588 174 146 11.8 119
20.3 27.6 23.1 3537 176 149 11.4 121
20.3 27.6 23.1 3586 177 153 11.4 122
21.1 28.7 23.9 3653 168 152 11.6 121
20.1 27.5 22.9 3775 179 156 11.6 121
TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING FOUR
MANUAL LOCK FI TBI PORT CARB DSL VALVE
100
100
100
100
100
100
1>0
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
13
. 42
53
63
85
89
99
98
98
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
.0
.0
.0
.1
.8
.1
.3
.2
.2
.2
.4
.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
15
19
12
33
34
28
32
13
16
8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.5
.9
.9
.9
.3
.8
.5
.7
.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
27.
33.
50.
51.
54.
70.
66,
84,
83,
92,
100
100
100
100
100
,0
,0
0
, o'
•3
,2
,4
,3
.9
_ 5
.0
.8
.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
100.
100.
100.
86.
55,
46.
36
14,
10,
1
1
,0
.0
,0
.2
.2
.8
7
. 3
.8
.8
.6
.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.6
2.0
.1
•°.
.0
.0
.0
.0
. .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
10.6
20.1
52.9
51.2
50.4
68.1
50.6
HP/ HP/ TON
CID WT -MPG
.437 .0344 31.1
.563 .0319 38.2
.599 .0307 39.0
.636 .0299 39.8
.725 .0313 41.1
.729 .0336 39.4
.742 .0341 39.4
.730 .0351 40.1
.750 .0353 39.2
.766 .0373 41.1
.776 .0359 41.0
.811 .0408 40.6
.815 .0403 39.6
.841 .0397 38.8
.876 .0406 42.4
.866 .0423 40.9
.894 .0426 41.7
.940 .0414 44.0
.909 .0414 43.4
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
93.
39.
31.
39.
38.
56.
60.
57.
58.
34.
35.
43 ,
43 .
48,
33
71
63
52
59
7
9
9
9
7
0
8
6
,5
,7
.1
.1
.0
.0
.8
.3
.9
.3
.0
6.
60.
68.
60,
61,
44 ,
39,
42,
41,
65
64
56
56
51
66
28
36
47
41
3
,1
.1
.1
,3
.0
.2
.4
.5
.3
.6
.6
.8
.8
.2
.7
.1
.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2
.3
.3
.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
100.
96.
90.
86.
46.
45.
45.
57.
44 .
52.
41.
56.
49,
44,
33
41
47
26
37
0
8
4
0
5
0
9
3
,1
,1
,4
.7
.7
.3
.4
.9
.0
.7
.9
.0
3.2
9.6
14.0
53.5
55 .0
5 1
42.7
55.9
47.9
58.6
43.3
50.3
55.7
66.6
58.1
53.0
73.3
62.1
H-24
-------
Appendix H (continued)
Table H-25
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 SUVS
A-3 TRANS.
MODEL SALES FUEL ECONOMY
YEAR (000) FRAC CITY HWY 55/45
1979 265 .661' 10 .'8 13.0 11.7
1980 56 .303 12.3 15.9 13.7
1981 24 .179 12.8 16.4 14.2
1982 45 .280 14.4 17.6 15.7
1983 47 .164 14.7 18.5 16.2
1984 173 .277 14.6 19.2 16.4
1985 88 .120 12.6 16.6 14.2
1986 53 .069 12.9 17.2 14.5
1987 58 .067 12.9 17.2 14.6
1988 61 .063 13.1 17.8 14.9
1989 60 .065 12.9 17.1 14 . S
1990 14 .020 14.2 18.7 15.9
1991 11 .010 14.6 19.4 16.4
1992 6 .DOS 14.9 18.0 16.1
1993 8 .006 16.4 20.5 18.0
1994 25 .016 20.1 25.0 22.1
PERCENT OF A- 3 :
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL
YEAR
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
63 .
99.
100.
72.
71.
92.
81.
91.
93.
95.
94.
100.
100.
100,
100.
.7
.7
.0
.5
.1
.5
.2
.9
.2
.6
.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
11.9
56.9
62.1
.7
65.3
100.0
100 .0
100.0
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
4823 349 149
4496 326 140
4743 326 142
4178 281 129
4116 276 126
4141 258 128
4717 337 165
4653 337 '158
4604 327 152
4649 331. 160
4610 330 162
3991 307 ,128
3847 283 167
3500 242 190
3500 242 190
3500 134 118
METERING
TBI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
17.1
25.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
PORT
.0
.0
.0
. .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
11.9
39.8
36.8
. 7
65.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
14.9 111
14.6 110
15.0 109
14.6 109
14.6 109 -
14.8 109
'13.4 116
13.8 114
14.0 113
13 .6 115
13.4 116
14.3 110
11.3 125
9.3 136
9.3 136
13.7 110
FOUR
- CARB
100
100
100
100
100
100
99
100
88
43
37
99
34
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.6
.0
1
. i
,9
.3
.7
.0
.0
.0
DSL VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
HP/ HP/
CID WT
.432 .0310
.429 .0312
.439 .0301
.472 .0312
.476 .0313
.518 .0307
.492 .0349
.469 .0338
.464 .0330
.484 .0344
.488 .0350
.418 .0320
.625 .0447
.785 .0543
.785 .0543
.881 .0?"-
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL
8.
12.
1.
24 ,
26.
45.
1.
7.
15 .
13 ,
17.
51.
65
100
100.
100
.8
,4
.1
.1
,6
.8
.1
.8
.4
_ 5
.2
.3
.3
.0
.0
.0
MID
56 .
86.
98,
75.
73,
54 ,
98,
92,
84 ,
86,
82,
48
34
,3
.1
.9
.9
,4
,2
.9
.2
.6
.5
.8
.7
.7
.0
.0
.0
TON
-MPG
28.3
30.8
33.7
32.4
33.0
34.3
33.5
33.9
33 .7
34.7
33.5
31.8
31.. 7
28.3
31.5
""! 6
LARGE
34 .8
1.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
,0
.0
.0
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
100.
100.
100.
100 .
1.00,
99.
99.
98.
100.
100.
100.
100
100
100.
100
100
.0
.0
.0
. 0
.0
.6
.3
.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. 0
.0
.0
.0
,0
.0
.0
'.4
. 7
1.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
H-25
-------
Appendix H (continued)
Table H-26
MODEL
YEAR
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1997
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 SUVS
A-4 TRANS.
SALES
(000)
IS
7
9
13
5
0
22
FRAC
.017
.008
.010
.019
.004
.000
.009
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
19.5
18.7
17.9
13.6
13.8
11.5
23.1
23.3
22.1
21.5
18.8
19.0
15.6
30.4
2J..O
20.1
19.4
15.5
15.8
13.0
25.9
WGHT
LB
3500
3500
4000
4728
4748
5000
3000
ENGINE
CID
156
156
181
312
313
357
149
HP
109
109
143
1S9
169
193
142
0-60
TIME
14.
14.
13,
13.
13
12.
10
.6
.6
.0
.1
.1
.3
.4
TOP
SPD
107
107
115
117
117
122
125
HP/
• CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
.699 .0311 36.8
.699 .0311 35.1
.790 .0357 . 38.7
.557 .0358 37.0
.550 .0357 37.7
.541 .0386 32.6
.953 .0473 38.9
PERCENT OF A-4:
MODEL
YEAR
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1997
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING FOUR VEHICLE SIZE DESIGNED
FI TBI PORT CARB DSL VALVE SMALL MID LARGE DOM IMPORT
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 54.6
56.6
91.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 .0 .0 100.0
.0 .0 -0 100.0
100.0 .0 100.0 .0
100.0 91.0 9.0 .0
0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 .0 100.0 .0
.0 .0 100.0 .0
.0 .0 100.0 .0
.0 .0 .0 100.0
93.1 6.9
93.1 6.9
.0 100.0
.0
.0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
100.0 .0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
91.0 9.0
6 .9
.j 93.1
.0 100.0 :0
.0 .0 100.0
H-26
-------
Appendix H (continued)
Table H-27
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 SUVS
L-3 TRANS.
MODEL SALES , "UEL ECONOMY WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP
YEAR (000) FRAC CITY HWY 55/45 LB CID HP TIME SPD
1979 2 .005 12.0 14.7 13.1 4720 340 152 14.3 112
1980 48 .262 12.7 17.2 :«.4 5042 342 161 14.3 113
1981 56 .411 14.1 19.2 16.0 4659 318 149 14.3 112
1982 25 .157 14.6 20.2 16.7 4284 313 135 14.5 110
1983 26 .090 13.9 18.7 15.7 4280 330 135 14.5 110
1984 51 .082 18.9. 23.9 2,0.8 3364 174 104 14.7 106
1985 63 .086 18.5. 24.0 20.6 3441 166 105 14.9 106
1986 83 .108 18.1 22.9 20.0 3549 178 117 13.9 109
1987 .24 .027 16.1 20.8 17.9 4114 212 141 13.4 113
1988 5 .005 ' 15.4 21.5 17.6 4500 318 145 14.2 112
1989 17 .019 27.4 32.9 29.6 2500 97 80 14.3 104
1990 14 .020 26.5 31.9 28.7 2750 97 80 15.4 102
1991 46 .042 21.1 24.6 22.5 3269 133 88 16.3 101
1992 34 .034 20.9 23.9 22.1 3146 128 94 15.0 104
1993 37 .028 20.8 23.8 22.0 3145 128 94 15.0 104
1994 36 .023 22 " 27.4 24.2 2849 132 108 13.2 112
1995 45 .025 22.0 27.4 24.1 2870 130 113, 12.5 114
1996 18 .009 25.2 30.6 27.4 2736 97 95 13.3 108
1997 37 .015 18.4 24.4 20.7 3335 188 147 1,1.4 122
1998 32 .012 18.2 23.8 20.4 3300 191 150 11.2 123
1999 59 .021 16.9 22.9 19.2 3863 217 164 11.5 123
2000 25 .008 17.2 23.3 "19.5 3864 ,217 165 11.5 123'
PERCENT OF L-3:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION . FUEL METERING FOUR
YEAR
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
FRONT 4WD MANUAL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
63
7-7
95
99
100,
94
84 .
77.
100.
100.
33.
28.
25.
68.
81,
61.
92,
89.
98.
91.
.0
.9
.2
.6
.9
.0
.8
.3
.1
.0
,0
.0
.1
,8
.0
.6
,9
.2
.3
.8
.4.
.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
LOCK
100
100
100,
100
100.
100.
100,
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
,0
.0
.0
,0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
,0
.0
FI TBI
. 13
77
100.
100,
100.
100.
100,
100,
100.
100.,
100,
100.
100,
100.
100.
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.8 13,
.2 77
.0 100.
.0 100.
.0 100.
.0 100.
.0 100.
.0 95.
.0 57.
. 0 17.
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.8
.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.8
.5
.0
. 0
.0
.0
.0
PORT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
5.0
42.2
82.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
CARS
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
86.2
22.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
'.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
7.2
.0
100.0
19.5
23 .4
.0
.0
HP/ HP/
CID WT
.447 .0322
.470 .0319
.468 . .0319
.436 .0316
.410 .0317
.607 .0311
.632 .0305
.669 .0330
.702 .0345
.456 .0322
.825 .0320
.825 .0291
.681 .0270
.748 .0300
.749 .0301
.832 .0370
.893 .0387
.97'9 .0347
.808 .0437
.812 .0448
.763 .0423
.765 .0424
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL
6,
11.
14.
9.
100.
100.
100.
100,
100,
100,
100:
100
100,
99
98
91
.0
.0
.7
.3
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. 0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.6
.4
.6
MID
100
61,
68
88
85.
91.
100.
100.
100,
100,
1
8
.0
.7
.9
.7
.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.4
.6
.4
TON
-MPG
31.0
36.3
37.3
36.1
34.0
35.0
35.5
35.6
36.8
39.7
37.1
39.5
36.9
35.0
34.9
34.8
35.2
37.5
34.7
33.9
37.0
37.7
LARGE
.0
38.3
24.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DESIGNED
DOM
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
22.
100.
66.
57.
58.
33.
38,
80,
76,
100
100
.0
.0
,0
,0
,0
.0
0
,0
.9
.0
.0
.0
,9
.4
,3
.0
.0
.0
.5
.6
.0
.0
IMPORT
77.
100,
100.
33,
42
41
67
62
100
19
23
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.1
.6
.7
.0
.0
.0
.5
.4
.0
.0
H-27
-------
Table H-28
Appendix H (continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 SUVS
L-4 TRANS.
MODEL
YEAR
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES FUEL ECONOMY WGHT ENGINE 0-SO TOP
(000) FRAC CITY HWY 55/45 LB CID HP TIME SPD
43 .265 16.6 24.4 19.4 5287 336 146 IS. 3 108
122 .423 17.2 25.6 20.2 4549 256 131 15.7 107
217 .347 17.1 25.7 20.1 4406 241 130 15.3 108
379 .515 17.4 26.5 20.6 '4164 218 123 15.3 107
348 .450 16.4 24.3 19.2 4266 233 140 13.9 112
454 .520 17.0 25.7 20.1 4089 228 152 12.8 117
571 .590 16.9 24.8 19.7 4071 240 158 12.3 119
597 .645 17.0 24.8 19.8 4168 263 168 11.9 122
456 .645 16.2 24.0 19.0 4315 259 171 12.1 122
794 .725 16.9 25.3 19.9 4215 247 167 12.0 121
737 .735 16.4 24.4 19.2 4260 247 176 11.7 123
1053 .804 16.5 24.8 19.4 4301 257 188 11.2 127
1278 .806 16.4 24.3 19.2 4392 256 187 11.4 126
1494 .822 16.3 24.2 19.1 4431 257 184 11.6 125
1730 .916 16.7 25.1 19.7 4356 260 189 11.2 127
1828 .741 16.8 24,9 19.7 4462 259 197 11.1 128
1927 .748 16.8 25.2 19.7 4446 256 197 11.0 128
2111 .749 16.9 24.8 19.7 4499 254 203 10.8 129
2447 .760 16.8 24.8 19.6 4551 254 207 10.8 130
OF L-4:
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING FOUR
FRONT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
f r
. J
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.8
2.4
2.1
2.5
2.1
4WD MANUAL
55
70
67
71
77
74
78
76
81
78
74
57
78
79
72
72
74
73
73
.6
.8
.8
.0
.2
.1
.4
.8
.6
.3
.1
.5
.5
.1
.1
.6
.2
.7
.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
LOCK
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FI
3
70
99
99
99
99
99
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
.0
.0
.0
.9
.9
.3
.5
.6
.6
.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
TBI
.•0
.0
.0
.0
38.4
60.0
51.6
54.1
36.1
39.8
23.2
11.4
11.8
15.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
PORT
32.
39.
47.
45.
63 .
60,
76,
88
88
84
100
100
100
100
100
0
0
0
0
,4
.3
.9
.5
.4
.0
.8
.6
.2
.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
CARB
47.7
84.1
93.3
93.5
27.2
.0
1
. I.-
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
' .0
.0
.0
DSL
52.3
15.9
6.7
2.5
1.9
.7
.5
.4
.4
.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
6.1
15.3
12.6
23.0
23.2
27.7
27.1
HP/ HP/
CID WT
.437 .0279
.545 .0288
.567 .0295
.586 .0294
.643 .0333
.689 .0375
.679 .0395
.652 .0410
.680 .0404
.687 .0401
.723 .0419
.743 .0444
.746 .0431
.734 .0422
.741 .0438
.787 .0442
.795 .0444
.835 .0454
.842 .0456
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL
13.
19.
14 .
13 .
8.
10,
3
12
7
7
7
0
0
0
4
0
.2
,8
.9
.0
.0
.4
.7
.6
.8
.2
.4
.8
.1
.5
TON
'-MPG
52.6
46.4
44.5
42.9
40.9
40.9
40.1
41.1
40.7
42.0
40.9
41.7
42 .2
42.4
43 .0
43.9
43.9
44.4
44 .6
MID LARGE
50 .
75.
77.
71.
64 .
73.
74.
78.
74.
93,
89,
87
86
83
82
57
61
62
59
1
2
7
6
3
4
2
.8
,3
.1
.5
.1
.1
.9
.9
.0
.7
.2
.7
49.9
24.8
22.3
15.0
16.7
12.5
.2.0
12.3
15.7
6.9
10.1
12.2
13.2
15.4
13 .9
30.6
30.6
30.7
32.8
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
100.
100 .
100.
99.
96.
97.
89,
92,
78,
86
85
88
83
77
83
70
71
67
68
0
0
0
2
,8
,8
.6
.4
.7
.3
.5
.4
.6
.9
.7
.9
.8
.4
.4
.0
.0
.0
. 8
3.2
2 .2
If . 4
7.6
21.3
13 .7
14.5
11.6
16.4
22.1
16.3
29.1
28.2
32.6
31.6
H-28
-------
Appendix H (continued)
Table H-29
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 SUVS
MODEL
YEAR
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
294
406
, 434
462
FRAC
.119
.158
.154
.143
FUEL
CITY
17.1
17.5
17.2
17.4
ECONOMY
HWY
25.6
25.9
25.5
25.7
55/45
20
20
20
20
.1
.5
.1
.4
WGHT
LB
4469
4310
4357
4404
ENGINE
CID
244
239
240
240
HP
160
166
185
189
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
13,
12.
11.
11.
. 0 116
.3 120
.4 125
.4 126
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
.656 .0358 45.0
.701 .0386. 44.2
.775 .0423 43.9
.791 .0430 44.9
L-5 TRANS.
PERCENT OF L-5:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT CARB
FOUR
DSL VALVE
VEHICLE SIZE ' DESIGNED
SMALL MID LARGE DOM IMPORT
1997
1998
1999
2000
.0 65.2
.0 53.5
.0 63.9
.0 64.3
.0 100.0 100.0
.0 100.0 100.0
.0 100.0 100.0
.0 100.0 100.0
.0 100.0 .0 .0 .0 .0 100.0 .0 100.0 .0
.0.100.0 .0 • .0 .0 .0 87.1 12.9 90.3 9.7
.0 100.0 .0 .0 .0 .0 86.7 13.3 90.0 10.0
.0 100.0 .0 .0 1.2 .0 83.8 16.2 87.1 12.9
H-29
-------
Table H-30
Appendix H (continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 SUVS
MODEL SALES FUEL ECONOMY
YEAR (000) FRAC CITY HWY 55/45
1983 1 .003
PERCENT OF OTHER:
11.8 17.0 13.7
WGHT
LB
5000
ENGINE
CID HP
318 160
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
14.3 113
HP/ HP/
CID WT
TON
-MPG
.503 .0320 34.2
MODEL
YEAR
1983
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING FOUR VEHICLE SIZE
FI TBI PORT CARB DSL VALVE SMALL MID LARGE
OTHER TRANS.
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
.0 100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 100.0
.0
.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0
H-30
-------
Appendix H (continued)
Table H-31
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 PICKUPS
M-3 TRANS.
MODEL
YEAR
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
SALES
(000)
230
267
221
151
125
86
165
170
119
67
72
27
14
5
3
^UEL
FRAC
.104
.186
.154
.105
.077
.042
.079
.067
.056
.027
.032
.015.
.007
.003
.002
CITY
16
15
17
16
16
17
16
16
15
16
15
14
15
16
17
.0
.5
.0
.7
.8
.3 .
.3
.5
.9
;0
.9
.7
.0
.5
.0
ECONOMY
HWY
. 20.
20.
22.
22.
22.
23.
21.
21,
20
20
20
19
19
20
21
.5
.7
.6
.0
.2
.4
.3
.5
.5
.9
.5
.8
.8
.6
.4
55/45
17
V"
19.
18.
18,
19.
18
18
17
17
17
16
16
18
18
.7
.5
.2
.7
.9
.6
.2
.5
.7
.9
.7
.6
.8
.1
.7
WGHT
LB
4181
4282
4126
4145
4269
4259
4352
4329
4454
4462
4559
4671
4644
4556
4555
ENGINE
CID
272
293
285
289
296
289
302
299
303
311
307
316
314
300
300
HP
127
135.
127
128
129
129
141
137
155
164
157
169
171
150
159
0-60
TIME
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14,
13.
14'.
13.
12,
13
12
12
13
13
.6
,2
.4
,4
,6
,7
.8
.2
.1
.6
.3
.8
.6
.6
.1
TOP
SPD
108
110.
109
109
108
108
112
110
115
118
115
IIS
118
113
115
HP/
CID
.469
.464
.449
.445
..438
.445
.469
.459
.512
.527
..511
.534
.545
.499
.528
• HP/
WT
.0304
.0315
.0308
.0310
.0304
.0302
.0325
.0316
.0350
.0368
.0345
.0362
.0369
.0330
.0349
TON
-MPG
37.
37.
39.
39.
40.
42 ,
40.
40,
39,
40
40
39
39
41
42
.3
,8
,8
.2
.6
.0
.1
.2
.6
.1
.7
.4
.7
.3
.8
PERCENT OF M-3 :
MODEL
YEAR
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
. 1984
1985'
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
.0 9.7
.0 32.2
.0 24.9
.0 32.5
.0 41.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. .0
.0
.0
.0
23.
54.
51.
54
4?
55
67
62
55
56
.3
.3
.0
.8
.2
.8
.4
.1
.3
.4
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.
100,
100,
100.
100.
100.
100,
100
100
100
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FUEL
FI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
5.
17
93
97
99
98
98
100
100
.0
.2
.9
.5
.4
.4
.7
.2
.0
.0
METERING
TBI PORT
.0 .0
..0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
22.
42
24.
56
54
.0
.0
.0
.2
.4
.6
.6
.1
.0
.0
17
71
55
74
42
44
100
100
.0
.0
.9
.4
.1
.8
.1
.1
.0
.0
CARB
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.7
94.2
81.7
6.2
1.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR VEHICLE
DSL VALVE SMALL
.0 .0 .0
.0 .0 .0
.0 .0 .0
.0 .0 .0
.0 .0 .0
1.3
.6
.4
.2
1.0
.6
1.3
1.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
SIZE
MID LARGE
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
..0
.0
.0
.0
.0
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100
100
100
100
100
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DESIGNED
DOK IMPORT
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100,
100,
100
100
100
0
0
,0
,0
,0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 •
..0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
H-31
-------
Appendix H (continued)
Table H-32
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 PICKUPS
M-4 TRANS.
MODEL
YEAR
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
SALES
(000)
527
377
355
327
409
460
316
294
276
110
57
51
5
45
24
17
11
FUEL
FRAG
.239
.263
.247
.227
.251
.225
.152
.116
.129
.045
.026
.028
.003
.024
.012
.007
.005
CITY
16
20
21
22
23-
20
23
23
22
23
22
23
17
16
15
15
IS
.1
.4
.5
.3
.2
.1
.0
.3
.8
.5
.9
.1
.6
.1
.2
.1
.1
ECONOMY
HWY
21
27
29
31
32
27
32
32
31
30
29
30
24
24
22
21
22
.2
.9
.7
.0
.0
.6
.3
.3
.8
.4
.8
.6
.9
.2
.0
.4
.0
55/45
17
23
24
25
26
22
26
26
26
26
25
26
20
18
17
17
17
.8
.2
.6
. 5
.5
.9
.4
.6
.1
.2
.6
.0
.3
.9
.7
.4
.6
WGHT
LB
3592
3104
3253
316C
3035
3412
3135
3206
3235
2947
2955
2988
4271
4312
4813
4946
4961
ENGINE
CID
220
156
190
181
159
192
180
181
182
146
157
156
249
279
313
326
331
HP
118
92
98
101
92
101
102
104
109
106
107
110
143
161
190
198
199
0-60
TIME
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
13.
13.
13 .
12.
12.
12.
13.
12.
12.
11.
11.
3
9
8
0
6
9
8
8
5
7
6
5
6
6
0
8
7
TOP
SPD
108
104
105
107
104
105
107
108
109
111
111
112
113
118
123
124
124
HP/
CID
.592
.644
.567
.601
.606
.564
.606
.617
.629
.723
.698
.721
.606
.576
.606
.609
.604
HP/
WT
.0314
.0297
.0300
.0322
.0306
.0298
.0327
.0328
.0338
.0361
.0365
.0371
.0338
.0372
.0394
.0400
.0401
TON
-MPG
33.
36.
40.
40.
40.
39.
41.
43.
42 ,
38,
37.
38
• 43
40
42
43
43
,6
,4
2
6
4
6
.7
,0
.5
.7
.6
.8
.0
19
.9
.4
.9
PERCENT OF M-4:
MODEL
YEAR
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
.0
5.5
4.8
4.8
1.1
.4
.0
t ^
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
29
28
22
15
16
27
10
9
7
6
5
59
46
67
74
68
.9
.8
.7
.9
.7
.0
.1
.0
.3
.8
.6
.5
.6
.1
.6
.7
.9
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
10
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FUEL
FI
3
1
20
35
63
41
19
38
82
99
100
100
100
.0
.1
.4
.4
.1
.0
.6
.3
.9
.7
.2
.4
.5
.2
.0
.0
.0
METERING
TBI PORT
30.
41.
38.
13
4
16
42
80'
88
88
0
0
0
,0
,0
.0
,0
.7
.7
.5
.0
.9
.6
.1
.3
.6
.7
4,
22,
3,
6
33
65
57
19
11
11
0
0
0
0
.0
.0
,0
.6
.3
.2
.2
.5
.9
.2
.7
.4
.3
CARB
99.
94.
93.
93,
96',
98,
78,
64
35
58
80
61
17
.9
.4
.7
.9
.4
.1
.7
:
. V
.3
.8
.6
.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
DSL VALVE
.1
2.5
4.9
5.7
3.5
1.9
.7
.5 ,
.2
.0
.0
.0
.1
.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID
44 .
67.
42.
31.
16 ,
17.
27.
43
26
88
82
87
5
0
.1
.7
.2
.4
.9
.7
.2
.7
.1
.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
8.
10.
17.
41.
69.
48.
45.
28.
49
10
10
4
35
48
7
9
2
.0
,4
,0
.8
.6
.7
.1
.1
.5
.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
LARGE
46.
22.
40.
27.
14.
34.
26,
..7.
24,
1
7
7.
64
52
100
100
100
8
1
7
3
.3
.6
.3
.6
.1
.1
.9
.7
.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
46
22
41
62
73
76
62
55
65
10
16
10
82
100
100
100
100
.8
.1
.4
.1
.7
.5
.6
.5
.2
.8
.0
.2
.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
53.2
77.9
58.6
37.9
26.3
23.5
37.4
44 . =;
34 .8
89.2
84.0
89 .8
17.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
H-32
-------
Appendix H (continued)
Table H-33
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 PICKUPS
M-5 TRANS.
MODEL
YEAR
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997 .
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
124
200
254
298
383
575
590
1013
859
1076
1040
763
983
816
852
1030
889
677
609
662
760
569
OF M-5:
FRAC
.056
.139
.176
.207
.235
.281
.284
.400
.400
.438
.466
.416
.512
.444
.426
.397
.391
.346
.253
.274
.260
.211
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
.0
2.1
6.5
3.0
3.3
1.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4WD
3 .
19.
27.
31.
30.
35.
28.
28.
29.
28.
27.
21.
23.
24.
25.
23.
21.
19.
25.
48 .
25.
0
8
5
1
0
0
2
7
2
1
2
4
8
0
2
0
0
5
2
4.
S
7
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
19.5 28.4 22.7
22.2 31.1 25.5
25.3 34.5 28.7
24.7 33.5 28.0
23.6 32.8 27.0
23.4 32.6 26.8
23.1 31.8 26.3
22.8 31.7 26.1
22.7 31.9 26.1
21.3 30.3 24.6
20.6 29.2 23.8
20.6 29.2 23.7
21.2 30.1 24.4
20.5 29.5 23.8
20.7 30.0 24.1
21.1 30.0 24.3
20.4 29.5 23.7
21.0 30.4 24.4
21.3 30.7 24.7
21.0 30.4 24.4
19.1 27.2 22.1
20.4 29.3 23.6
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
100.
100.
." 30.
100.
10;0.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
WGHT
LB
2810
2788
2867
2955
3059
3069
3109
3133
3127
3382
3495
3540
3439
3585
3548
3632
3781
3739
3777
3759
3934
3830
FUEL
FI
1.
2 .
20.
41.
43.
72.
85.
90.
94.
93.
95.
98.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
ENGINE
CID HP
132 89
129 91
134 85
139 88
144 94
141 92
146 100
143 101
147 103
181 115
189 122
193 130
186 127
193 130
187 131
184 132
197 139
187 142
189 149
184 150
207 167
191 157
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
14.2 105
13.9 106
15.2 103
15.1 103
14.5 105
14.8 104
14.0 107
14.0 107
13.9 108
13.6 110
13.2 112
12.7 114
12.7 114
12.8 114
12.6 .114
12.8 114
12.6 115
, 12.4 116
12.1 118
12.0 119
11.4 123
11.7 121
METERING
TBI
0
8
7
7
1
6
1
0
4
7
5
8
5
1
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
21.
20.
27,
36,
22.
37.
29,
21
9
15
0
0
,0
,0
,0
,0
.0
,9
.5
.6
.6
.5
.9
.9
.6
.1
.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
PORT
19.
22.
45.
48.
68.
56.
63.
73.
88,
84,
100
100
100
100
100
.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,
9
1
9
.3
.6
.3
.9
.9
.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
CARB
100.
97.
73 .
77.
92.
93.
78 .
58.
56.
27.
14
9
5
6
4
2
.0
.9
•3
.5
.3
.0
.2
.2
.3
.5
.2
.5
.9
.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
1.3
25.0
22.3
7.4
" 4.1
1.9
.8
.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
•0.
.0
.0
..0
.0
.0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2
8.0
14.5
1.3
25.1
15.4
24 .8
HP/
CID
.675
.704
.632
.634
.659
.657
.682
.705
.697
.658
.674
.708
.707
.704
.723
.745
.752
.794
.809
.833
.819
.841
HP/
WT
.0318
.0326
.0298
.0300
.0310
.0302
.0321
.0323
.0329
.0339
.0349
.0368
.0368
• .0364
.0370
.03 "
.0371
.0380
.0392
.0397
.0421
.0408
TON
-MPG
32.6
35.9
42.0
42.2
41.9
41.5
41.2
41.0
40.9
41.9
41.7
42.3
42.2
42.8
42.9
' d ^
45.3
46.0
47.1
46 .4
43.8
45.6
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL
71.
79.
78 .
72.
56.
51.
56.
49.
33 .
17.
22.
25.
25.
25,
25,
28
24,
22
17
24
37
27
4
8
8
3
4
4
6
.7
,3
.3
.7
,0
.1
.0
.2
.3
.6
.5
.1
.7
.6
.5
MID
28.
20.
21.
27.
43.
48.
43.
48.
66.
62.
53.
48.
56
49
51
53
47
54
55
55
39
47
6
2
2
5
6
6
4
.5
.3'
,7
.1
.2
.2
.8
.8
.9
.1
.5
.5
.6
.0
.7
LARGE
1.
20.
24
26
18
25
23
17
28
22
27
19
23
24
.0
0
,0
,2
.•1
.0
,0
.8
.5
.1
.2
.8
.7
.2
.0
.8
.4
.9
.4
.7
.4
.9
DESIGNED
DOM
7.
16.
19.
35.
23 .
33.
65.
60.
58.
63.
63.
63 ,
67.
71
75
81
74
62
71
0
0
0
7
9
7
0
6
5
2
9
.1
,9
.5
.4
.6
.0
.5
.6
.9
.4
.2
IMPORT
100.
100.
100.
92.
83 .
80.
65.
76.
66.
34.
39,
41.
.36.
36
36
32
29
24
18
25
37
28
0
0
0
3
1
.3
0
.4
.5
,8
,1
.9
.1
.5
.6
.4
. 0
.5
.4
.1
.6
.8
H-33
-------
Table H-34
Appendix H (continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 PICKUPS
A-3 TRANS.
MODEL
VEAR
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
SALES
(000)
1297
277
207
196
239
297
268
236
200
199
101
47
FUEL
FRAC
.588
.193
.144
.136
.147
.146
.129
.093
.093
.081
.045
.026
CITY
12
15
15
15
16
15
14
15
IS
15
14
14
.9
.6
.8
.4
.0
.3
.8
.9
.0
.0
.3
.8
ECONOMY
HWY
15
19
20
19
20
20
19
20
19
19
18
19
.8
.9
.5
.7
.9
.1
.1
.4
.5
.6
.7
.1
55/45
14
17
17
17
17
17
16
17
16
16
16
16
.0
.3
.6
.1
.9
.1
.5
.7
.7
.8
.0
.4
WGHT
LB
4448
3944
3968
3987
3705
3855
4106
4023
4318
4441 .
4501
4323
ENGINE
CID
331
278
287
292
248
269
306
288
303
309
318
328
HP
149
129
125
129
116
130
154
145
157
168
170,
183
0-60
TIME
14,
14 .
14.
14.
14.
14,
12,
13,
13,
12
12
11
.2
.1
.5
.1
.6
.1
.8
.3
.0
.5
.6
.6
TOP
SPD
113
110
109
110
108
111
117
115
117
119
119
125
HP/
CID
.456
.492
.455
.459
.502
.501
.507
.516
.522
.546
.533
.556
HP/
WT
.0336
.0327
.0315
.0325
.0313
.0334
.0372
.0358
.0363
.0380
.0378
.0422
TON
-MPG
31
34
35
34
33
33
34
35
36
37
36
37
.9
.2
.2
.5
.7
,.4
.3
.9
.4
.6
.4
.1
PERCENT OF A-3:
MODEL
VEAR
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT
.0
.6
.0
3.7
5.7
1.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4WD V
7
15
10
14
18
30
22
19
25
31
37
12
.5
.9
.5
.1
.6
.9
.4
.7
.5
.0
.7
.2
- ""AL LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FUEL
FI
2.
8.
66.
98.
100.
100.
0
6
0
0
1
0
3
9
0
0
0
0
METERING
TBI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
21.6
53.5
43.6
97.5
PORT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
8.9
44.4
44.5
56.4
2.5
GARB
95.
99.
100,
100,
99
99
97
91
34
2
.8
.4
.0
.0
.8
.5
.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
DSL VALVE
4.2
.0
.0
.0
.1
,5
.2
.1
.0 •
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0.
..0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL
2
14
6.
7
6
2
1
3
.7
.3
.4
.6
.5
.5
.0
.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
MID
1.
5,
7,
4
34
28
4
9
4
,5
.7
.5
.1
.2
.5
.9
.5
.3
.0
.0
.0
LAR<"
95 .
80.
86.
88.
59.
69.
94.
86,
95
100
100
100
8
0
2
4
,3
,0
.1
.9
.7
.0
.0
.0
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
95.
80.
86.
88 .
86.
89.
94,
86,
95
100
100
100
8
0
2
,4
p 7
.9
.1
.9
.7
.0
.0
.0
4 .2
20. .0
13 .8
11.6
13.3
10.1
5.9
13.1
4 .3
.0
.0
.0
H-34
-------
Table H-35
Appendix H (continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 PICKUPS
A-4 TRANS.
MODEL SALES WEL ECONOMY WGHT ENGINE
YEAR (000) FRAC CITY HWY 55/45 LB CID HP
1981 6 .004 23.8 30.6 25.5 .2750 144 98
1982 42 .029 16.9 24.6 ">.•'. 6 3715 262 131
1983 9 .005 24.5s 29.7 26.6 2788, 144 99
1984 27 .013 22.9 27.0 24.6 2809' 144 100
1985 38 .018 23.3 27.8 25.1 3018 144 107
1986 47 .019 21.9 ,25.5 23.4 3133 144 107
1987 72 .034 23.8 29.7 26.1 3040 142 103
1988 53 .022 22.7 27.6 24.7 3112 142 108
1989 34 .016 24.5 31.1 27.1 3024 141 109
1990 32 .018 15.8 21.1 17.8 4047 259 153
1991 27 .014 18.0 23.3 20.0 3683 213 135
1992 16 .009 22.5 28.3 24.8 3105 156 118
1993 16 .008 23.5 30.7 26.3 3000 144 112
1994 25 .010 23.5 30.7 26.3 3000 144 112
1995 20 .009 23.6 30.5 26.3 3000. 147 132
1996 26 .014 23. "> 30.3 25.9 3000 149 142
1998 37 .015 23., 30,9 26.5 3000 149 142
1999 30 .010 23.7 30.7 26.4 3000 149 142
2000 21 .008 23.6 30.5 26.2 3000 149 142
PERCENT 'OF A- 4: ' •
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR
1981
1982
1983
1984 '
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1998
1999
2000
FRONT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0"
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4WD MANUAL LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
5.3.
7.2
4.9
37.1
28.4
3.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
•0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
..0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 .
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
H-
,-°
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FI
17.
28.
33.
9 .
54 .
61.
100,
100.
100,
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
0
0
0
,1
,4
,5
.7
.3
.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
TBI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
62.3
38.3
4 .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
PORT
33.
9.
54.
61.
37.
61.
96.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
0
0
0
0
0
5
7
3
9
7
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
13.1 109
13.2 113
13.1 109
13.1 110
13.2 110
13.4 110
. 13.7 109
13.4 110
13.0 111 •
12.5 117
12.7 115
12.5 114
12.6 113
12.6 113
11.1 121
10.4 125
10.4 125
10.4 125
10.4 125
FOUR
CARB
100,
100,
100,
82,
71,
66
90,
45
38
.0
.0
.0
.9
•6
.5
.3
.7
.1
•0.
.0
.0
. 0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. 0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
68.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
HP/ HP/
CID WT
.681 .0356
,525 .0353
.685 .0354
.694 .0356
.741 .0354
.745- .0346
.725 .0340
.765 .0351
.773 .0361
.635 .0379
.684 .0369 ,
.767 .0377
.778 .0373
.778 ,0373
.897 .0442
.953 .0473
.953 .0473
.953 .0473
.953 .0473
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL
100.
25.
100.
100.
98.
93,
53
52
61
37
61
94
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
0
.4
,0
,0
,0
.2
.6
.8
.9
.7
.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
TON
-MPG
36.4
36.4
37.0
34.6
38.1
37.0
40.1
38.8
41.1
37.0
37.6
38.9
39.4
39.4
39.4
38 .8
39.7
39. '6
39.4
MID LARGE
.0
.0
.0
.0
2.0
6.8
46.3
47.2
38.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
74.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
62.3
38.3
6.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DESIGNED
DOM
.0
74.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
62.3
38.3
6.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
IMPORT
100.0
25.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 .0
100 .0
100.0
37.7
61.7
94.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
H-35
-------
Table H-36
Appendix H (continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 PICKUPS
L-3 TRANS.
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
1979 29
1980 315
1981 343
1982 275
1983 119
1984 193
1985 234
1986 206
1987 134
1988 99
1989 40
1990 24
1991 13
1992 5
1993 4
PERCENT OF L-3
MODEL
YEAR
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
FUEL ECONOMY WGHT
FRAC CITY HWY 55/45 LB
.013 14.6 18.7 16.2 4000
.219 15.1 20.2 17.0 4469
.238 16.2 21.7 18.3 4221
.191 17.7 24.3 20.- 3768
.073 16.7 22.8 19.0 4100
.095 16.3 22.1 18.5 4164
.113 15.8 20.9 17.8 4204
.081 16.1 21.1 18.0 4155
.063 17.6 23.9 20.0 3751
.040' 17.1 23.5 19.5 3825
.018 17.4 22.8 19.4 3835
.013 16.9 21.6 18.7 3919
.007 15.0 20.4 17.0 4272
.003 16.2 21.1 18.1 4043 .
.002 16.6 21.6 18.5 4039
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.(>
. o
.0
.0
.0
.0
17
10
5
3
1
3
21
13
.0
.8
.4
.9
.0
.1
.1
.8
.6
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
ENGINE 0-60 TOP
CID HP TIME SPD
290 132' 14.2 111
313 142 14.4 111
290 139 14.0 112
245 130 13.6 112
277 139 13.9 113
276 137 14.1 111
279 147 13.4 114
279 146 13.3 114
251 125 14.0 111
247 123 ' 14.3 109
230 117 15.0 107
242 132 14.1 111
294 156 12.9 117 . .
239 127 14.5 109
239 127 14.5 109
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2
.1
2.5
3.3
4.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
2.5
3.3
4.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
100.0
100.0
CARS
100.0
84.3
93.8
100.0
99.2
99.8
97.5
96.7
95.1
. u
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
DSL VALVE
.0
15.2
6.2
.0
.6
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
HP/ HP/
CID WT
454 ..0330.
458 .0320
483 .0331
546 .0345
503 .0338
502 .0328
536 .0350
535 .0350
502 .0334
512 .0322
533 .0304
556 .0334
,531 .0366
.531 .0314
.531 .0315
TON
-MPG
32.4
38.3
38.9
37.8
38.9
38.5
37.4
37.5
37.6
37.3
37.3
36.9
36.4
36.6
37.5
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
.0
.0
.1
.3
4 .2
7.1
11.0
8.1
2.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
' .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
32.9
. .4
.5
.0
.0
64.8
60.1
44.3
32.5
.0
.0
.0
100.0
100.0
99.9
66.7
95.5
92.4
89.0
91.9
33.0
13.9
55.7
67.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
96.2
93.3
89.0
91.9
96.1
100.0
100.0
100.0,
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
3.8
6.7
11.0
8.1
3.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
H-36
-------
Appendix H (continued)
Table H-37
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975.TO 2000 PICKUPS
L-4 TRANS.
MODEL
YEAR
. 1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
53
150
337
405
465
564
485
855
886
890
877
953
1103
1518
1350
1251
1744
1656
2082
2051
OF L-4:
FUEL ECONOMY WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP
FRAC
.037
.104
.207
.198
.224
.223
.226
.348
.397
.485
.457
.518
.551
.586
.595
.640
.725
.686
.712
.763
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. .0
4WD
.0
19.3
20.1
23.3
29.6
31.8
28.0
31.9
30.2
29.7
27.6
28.5
29.8
33.7
39.8
34.1
39.9
38.6
39.2
40.6
CITY HWY 55/45 LB CID HP TIME SPD
15
17
17
16
17
17
17
16
16
16.
16
16
16
16
15
16
lo
16
16
16
.3 23.1 18.0 4030 302 142 13.2 114
.6 24.6 20.2 4713 324 149 14.6 112
.4 25.0 20.2 4134 274 138 13.9 112
.9 24.9 19.8 4115 268 135 .14.0 111
.5 25.8 20.5 3913 244 131 13.8 111
.4 25.3 20.2 3966 248 140 13.2 114
.5 '26.0 20.5 3855 .240 149 12.5 118
.7 24.8 19.6 4091 279 164 12.1 121
.6 24.4 19.4 4108 284 167 12.0 122
.2 24.1 19.1 4266 290 170 12.2 121
.7 24.8 19.6 4139 282 167 12.0 121
.2 24.3 19.1 4306 288 168 12.3 120
.5 24.6 19.3 4337 287 176 11.9 122
.4 24.4 19.3 4353 291 184 11.5 125
.9 23.7 ,18.7 4457 296 186 11.6 124
.3 24.4 19.2 4458 . 288 199 11.1 128
.4 24.6 19.3 4651 291 213 4.0.8 131
.4 24.9 19.4 4535 282 208 10.8 130
.5 24.4 19.3 4505 271 206 10.9 130
.4 24.5 19.2 4666 288 223 10.5 133
TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING FOUR
MANUAL LOCK FI TBI PORT CARB DSL VALVE
.0 100.0 .0 .0 .0 .100.0 .0
.0 100.0 .0 .0 .0 58.0 42.0
.0 100.0 .0 .0 .0 91.7 8.3
.0 100 .0 .0 .0 .095.0 5.0
.0 100.0 24.9 .1 .0 72.8 2.3
.0 100.0 68.8 22.2 46.6 30.1 1.1
.0 100.0 94.2 65.7 28.5 5.: .5
.0 100.0 98.3 71.8 26.6 1.2 .5
.0 100.0 98.2 73.3 24.9 1.5 .4
.0 100.0 98.7 53.9 44.8 1.0 .3
.0 100.0 99.0 60.5 38.5 .7 .3
.0 100.0 99.4 46.9 52.5 .4 .2
.0 100.0 99.7 48.1 51.6 .3 .0
.0 100.0 100.0 45.1 54.9 .0 .0
.0 100.0 100.0 40.5 59.5 .0 .0 3,
.0 100.0 99.7 .0 99.7 .0 .3 3
.0 100.0 99.9 .0 99.9 .0 .1 1
.0 100.0 99.9 .0 99.9 .0 .1 4
.0 100.0 100.0 .0 100.0 .0 .0 5
.0 100.0 ioo;o .0 100.0 .0 .0 6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.0
0 ,
.0
.0
,0
.0
.0
.0
.7
.3
.1
.8
.0
HP/
CID
.470
.465
.524
.521
.558
.593
.645
.606
.599
.601
.607
.594
.622
.645
.642
.702
.740
.749
.774
.781
HP/
WT
.0353
.0321
.0336
.0328
.0336
.0355
.0384
. .0400
.0406
.0400
.0405
.0392
.0406
.0423
.0417
.04 •'
.04= /
.0457
.0455
.0476
TON
-MPG
36.3
48.2
42.0
40.9
40.1
40.1
39.4
40.1
39.9
40.7
40.6
41.1
42.0
42.0
41.7
12 9
44 . 8
44 .1
43.5
44.9
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID
1.
7.
8.
3.
5 .
4 .
5.
3.
2.
2
4
3
1
3
7
3
0 .0
0 .0
0 26.1
0 29.0
8 43.3
4 33.2
4 44.6
.4 33 .3
,6 33.6
.6 25.0
.3 36.3
.5 30.1
.9 27.4
.7 27.3
.4 20.9
.3 26.3
.5 ,17.2
.6 24.4
.3 24.1
.4 17.4
LARGE
100.0
100.0
73 .9
71.0
54.9
59.5
47.0
63.3
60.8
70.4
58.4
66.4
69.7
70.0
74.7
70.4
81.3
72.0
68.6
79.1
DESIGNED
DOM
100.
100 .
100.
100.
98 .
92.
88.
94.
92.
92.
92,
94.
94,
96
93
94
97
95
92
92
0
0
0
0
2
6
.9
.9
.3
.7
,4
.&
.6
.6
.9
.7
.2
.9
.7
.9
IMPORT
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.8
7.4
11 .1
5.1
7.7
7.3
7.6
5.2
5.4
3 .4
6 .1
5.3
2.8
4.1
7.3
7.1
H-37
-------
Appendix H (continued)
Table H-38
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 PICKUPS
L-5 TRANS.
MODEL
YEAR
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
52
58
52
48
FRAC
.022
.024
.018
.018
PERCENT OF L-5:
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
17.9
18.1
17.8
17.2
26.9
26.4
26.3
24.9
21.0
20.8
20.0
WGHT
LB
3974
3846
3949
3975
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
HP/
CID
244 160 11.8 121
244 160 11.5 122
244 160 11.8 121
244 160 11.8 121
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
.656 .0403 41.9
.656 .0418 40.4
.656 .0406 41.1
.656 .0403 39.8
MODEL
YEAR
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
.0 42.2
.0 59.8
.0 45.3
.0 67.8
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING FOUR VEHICLE SIZE DESIGNED
FI TBI PORT CARS DSL VALVE SMALL MID LARGE DOM IMPORT
.0 100.0 100.0
.0 100.0 100.0
.0 100.0 100.0
.0 100.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
H-38
-------
Appendix H (continued)
Table H-39
MODEL
YEAR
1983
199S
SALES
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 PICKUPS
FUEL ECONOMY
(000) FRAC CITY HWY 55/45
.004
.000
13.7 18.6 15.6
13.2 19.5 1--.5
WGHT
LB
4498
53fa5
ENGINE
CID HP
280
346
132
227
0-60
TIME
15.
11.
,9
,3
TOP
SPD
108
129
HP/
CID
.465
.657
HP/
WT
.0292
.0422
TON
-MPG
35
41.
.5
.6
OTHER TRANS.
PERCENT OF OTHER:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL' LOCK
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT CARS
FOUR VEHICLE SIZE
DSL VALVE SMALL MID LARGE
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
1983
1996
.0 59.1
.0 77.0
.0
.0
.0 .0
.0 100.0
.0 .0 100..0
.0 100.0 .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 100.0 100.0
.. 0 100.0 100.0
.0
.0
H-39
-------
-------
Table 1-1
Appendix I
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 "OTHER" CYLINDER CARS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
,1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
53
30
17
4
53
53
34
52
63
44
63
56
54
48
20
19
15
5
14
10
6
4
4
3
4
4
FRAC
.006
.003
.002
.000
.005
.006
. 004
.007
.008
.004
.006
.005
.005
.004
.002
.002
.002
.001
.002
.001
.001
.001
.001
.000
.001
.000
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
13.4 19.5 15.6
16.4
17.4
13 .8
16.6
16.4
20 .4
20.3
19.3
18.0
18.1
18.3
18 .5
17.4
15. ,5
16.2
16.0
13 .5
17.5
IE .5
14.0
14 .8
13.6
14.1
13 .4
13.4
23.8
26.0
19.3
26.3
26.5
29.4
29.1
27.9
28.3
28.4
29.5
29.8
28.1
25.1
26.4
26.4
21.9
28.9
25.8
23.4
25.8
25.2
25.0
23.9
24.7
19.1
20.4
15.8
19.9
19.8
23.7
23.5
22.4
21.5
21.6
22.1
22.3
21.0
18.8
19.. 6
19.4
16.3
21.3
18.9
17.1
18.3
17.1
17.5
16.7
16.9
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
2956
3081
3106
3483
2799
2759
2500
2533
2568
2668
2665
3028
3060
3308
3792
3724
3769
4458
3373
3766
4313
4131
4218
4222
4406
4219
91.1
93.9
51.2
50.2
50.0
50.8
51.3
52.2
52.3
79.7
51.5
58.3
69.7
65.0
67.4
87.2
58.2
63.8
79.6
79.8
75.6
79.4
82.7
73.7
ENGINE
CID • HP
158 134
170
173
220
145
141
140
144
146
156 .
155 '
176
170
190.
248
232
231
334
217
323
371
408
403
388
387
403
141
143
183
128
101
100
103
106
118
117
158
160
174
228
216
229
317
284
720
364
''3 81
405
395
398
402
; 0-60
TIME
10.8
10.7
10.6.
9.8
10.6
12.6
11.7
11.7
11.7
11.1
11.3
9.7
9.7
9.8
8.8
9.0
8.8
7.7
6.6
6.6
6.6
6.2
6.0
6.2
6.4
6.1
TOP
SPD
122
123
123
132
122
111
113
114
115
118
118
130
131
132
145
142
145
165
173
179
182
193
199
195
193
199
HP/
CID
.850
.838
.836
.838
.889
.715
.714
.716
.718
.753
.744
.905
.947
.928
.943
.956
.993
.949
1.432
1.120
1.026
.950
1.018
1.027
1.039
1.011
HP/
WT
.0451
.0455
.0458
.0511
.0457
.0365
.0400
.0406
.0407
.0436
.0429
.0517
.0519
.0520
.0594
.0573
.0595
.0715
.0850
.0867
.0853
.0952
.0992
.0963
.0940
.0997
TON
-MPG
23.0
29.8
32.5
28.3
28.0
27.3
29.7
29.7
28.7
28.6
28.7
33.5
34.2
34.9
35.8
36.5
36.6
36.4
35.7
35.5
37.1
37.9
36.6.
37.6
37.3
36.0
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
1949
1627
1021
994
1187
1192
1145
1119
1124
1780
1150
1207
1297
1259
1290
1413
1219
1192
1365
1473
1323
1436
1413
1265
2967
2667
.1429
1372
1483
1513
1477
1505
1510
2673
1764
2033
, 2501
2382
2481
3193
2109
2290
.3024
3188
2929
3151
3290
2829
PERCENT OF OTHER CYLINDER CARS:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.C
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.1
.1
1.0
.7
.6
1.8
2. 9
3.5
.0
48.7
36.7
56.8
41.0
87.6
90.0
91.4
87.6
89.0
85.6
81.4
75.1
81.0
71.0
35.0
41.6
45.4
14 .4
70.6
56.5
37.6
44.5
40.8
37.0
35.5
49.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
8.0
12.0
15.9
13.6
17.4
30.3
31.7
38.5
24 .4
18.0
28.4
28.9
55.5
59.2
63.0
64.5
50.8
FUEL
FI
3.6
8.3
9.5
38.2
2.8
.4
.0
2.2
3 .5
27.4
20.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
METERING
TBI PORT
.0
.0
.0
.0
. .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
21.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
3.6
8.3
9.5
38.2
2.8
.4
.0
2.2
3 .5
6.4
20.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
CARB
96.
91.
90.
61.
97.
99.
100
97
96
72
79
.4
.7
,5
.8
.6
.0
.8
.5
.6
.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.6
.7
1.0
2.2
2.2
2.5
26.4
11.3
16.5
38.9
26.9
47.2
39.7
44 .2
29.2
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.. 0
100.0
100.0
93.8
81.2
83 .0
88.1
63.4
92.3
96.5
80.8
64.7
74.5
63.1
59.6
70.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
6.2
18.8
17.0
11.9
16.0
2.0
1.3
8.9
.0
.0
.0
4.0
4.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
-0.
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
20.6
5.7
2.2
10.3
35.3
25.5
36.9
36.4
25.0
DESIGNED
DOM EUR
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4.7
6.7
23.8
23.7
43.8
36.7
29.9
28.4
41.7
3.6
8.3
9.5
38.2
2.--:
.6
.0
2.2
3.5
6.4
6.8
9.6
6.0
18.8
55.7
45.9
46.9
95.3
19.7
42.4
68.0
56.2
63.3
70.1
71.6
58.3
ASIA
96.4
91.7
90 .5
61.8
97.2
99.4
100.0
97 . 8
96.5
93.6
93 .2
90 .4
94 .0
81.2
44.3
54.1
53 .1
.0
73.6
33.8
8.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1-1
-------
Appendix I (Continued)
Table 1-2
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 THREE-CYLINDER CARS
MODEL
YEAR
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
37
81
78
103
85
46
111
111
88
100
29
25
13
11
10
13
FRAC
.003
.007
.007
.010
.008
.005
.013
.014
.010
.012
.003
.003
.002
.001
.001
.002
FUEL
CITY
51.9
50.8
46.0
42.8
43.4
44.3
43.6
43.8
46.3
45.1
48.9
49.5
48.9
47.5
45.3
45.4
ECONOMY
HWY
66.1
63.7
58.1
54.1
53.8
55.2
55.3
55.9
58.5
57.3
63.3
63.1
63.2
63.5
59.7
62.2
55/45
57
55
50
47
47
48
48
48
51
50
54
54
54
53
50
51
.4
.9
.8
.2
.5
.7
.2
.6
.1
.0
.5
.8
.4
.6
.8
.7
WGHT
LB
1750
1750
1878
1866
1975
2021
2008
1984
1979
1981
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
VOL
CU-FT
82
84
84
86
90
87
85
87
88
91
99
99
90
89
88
82
.6
.6
.8
.6
.9
.9
.5
.6
.6
.7
.9
.9
.5
.7
.0
.3
ENGINE
CID
6,1
61
63
65
64
63
62
61
61 ,
61
61
61
61
60
61
61
HP
48
46
51
54
55
54
56
55
56
55
55
55
55
55
55
57
0-60
TIME
15
16.
16.
15
15
16.
15
15.
15,
15,
15,
15.
15.
15.
15.
15
.7
.3
.2
.4
.9
.2
.6
.8
.5
.7
.7
.7
.7
.7
.7
.3
TOP
SPD
96
95
96
98
97
96
98
97
98
97
97 .
97
97
97
97
98
HP/
CID
.787
.759
.810
.824
.843
.854
.907 •
.902
.906
.904
.902
.902
.902
.917
.902
.931
HP/
WT
.0274 .
.0264
.0271
.0286
.0276
.0269
.0280
.0278
.0282
.0280
.0275
.0275
.0275
.0275
.0275
.0284
TON
-MPG
50.
49.
48.
44.
47,
50,
49,
48,
51,
50,
54,
54
54
53.
50.
53.
.4
.8
.1
.8
.6
.3
.2
.9
.4
.3
.5
.8
.4
.6
.8
.0
CU-FT
CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
4756
4809
4369
4,168
4446
4437
4232
4344
4638
4672
5445
5478
4928
4803
4471
4229
4161
4208
4074
3871
4331
4440
4232
4296
4569
4613
5445
•5478
4928
4803 .
4471
4229
PERCENT OF THREE-CYLINDER CARS:
MODEL
YEAR
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
100
100
100
89
100
89
94
99
97
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.5
.6
.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4WD
.0
.0
.0
11.0
.0
11.0
5.5
.4
2.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
90
64
73
76
64
77
61
50
69
53
100
100
100
100
100
100
.1
.7
.5
.5
.3
.7
.0
.1
.2
.9
.0
•.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FUEL METERING
FI
8
14
70
94
97
99
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
.0
.0
.6
.7
.5
.3
.5
.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
TBI
1
57
70
89
97
95
97
100
100
100
100
100
84
.0
.0
.0
.5
.5
.1
.7
.4
.4
.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.9
PORT
.0
.0
8.6
13.2
13.0
24.2
7.8
1.9
4.6
2.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
15.1
CARB
100
100
91
85
29
5
2
.0
.0
.4
.3
.5
.7
.5
.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. c
. 0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
100.0
VEHICLE
SMALL
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
. 100.
100.
100.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SIZE
t LJ
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0*
.0
DESIGNED
•-^GE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DOM
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
EUR
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
ASIA
100.0
100. 0
100.0
100 .,0
100.0
100 .,0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 .0
1-2
-------
Appendix I (Continued)
Table 1-3
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 FOUR-CYLINDER CARS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
1805
2017
2287
2926
3157
4511
4469
4251
4158
5744
5865
6462
6679
6333
5671
4925
4843
3946
4267
4190
4620
3982
4481
4090
4197
4098
FRAC
.219
.207
.202
.262
.292
.478
.512
.544
.520
.538
.543
.587
.622
.590
.566
.559
.568
.487
.505
.498-
.492
.505
.538
.513
.488
.475
FUEL
CITY
20.8
22
24
24
23
24
26
26
27
27
27
27
26
27
26
26
26
26
27
t
27
26
26
27
26
26
.8
.8
.7
.6
.4
.0
.7
.1
.1
.3
.1
.9
.5
.9
.4
.5
.5
.0
3
.3
.8
.9
.0
.8
.2
ECONOMY
HWY 55/45
30.6 24.3
33
35
34
33
34
36
38
38
38
38
38
38
39
38
38
38
38
39
40
41
40
40
41
40
40
.1
.3
.3
.0
.3
.2
.2
.2
.7
.9
.6
.4
.0
.6
.1
..5
.9
.9
.2
.1
.6
.8
.1
.8
.1
26
28
28
27
28
29
30
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
30
30
30
31
31
32
31
31
32
31
31
.5
.7
.3
.1
.1
.8
.9
.2
.4
.5
.3
.1
.7
.1
.7
.8
.9
.6
.6
.2
.6
.8
.0
.7
.2
WGHT
LB
2651
2613
2523
2511
2564
2573
2555
2595
2622
2655
2671
2719
2732
2739
2794
2857
2846
2885
2866
2899
2889
2936
2947
3015
3063
3080
VOL
CU-FT
86.
88,
90,
93.
97,
97,
101.
100
101
102
102
101
101
100
100
100
101
102
102
102
102
103
104
104
.8
.9 -.
.1
.0
.7
.8
.2
.3
.7
.5
;1
.8
.5
.8
.9
.7
.9
.0
.7
.8
.4
.4
.0
.5
ENGINE
CID HP
112 79
111
106
108
.110
116
115
114
118
119
120
121
121
118
120
122
120
120
119
120
118
121
121
122
124
124
77
78
77
77
78
79
78
81
85
90
91
92
95
100
108
108
112
11Q
: 13
120
123
124
127
129
132
0-60
TIME
15.1
15.
14.
14.
14.
' 14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
13.
13.
13.
13.
13,
12.
12.
12,
12,
12
11
11.
11
11
11
11
.2
6
.7
9
8
6
9
.7
3
.8
,9
.8
.6
.1
.6
.5
.3
.4
.3
.7
.6
.5
.5
.5
.3
TOP
SPD
102
102
103
103
102
102
103
102
103
10 =
107
106
107
108
110
112
113
114
113
114
117
118
118
118
119
120
HP/
CID
' .716
.706
.742
.727
.707
.681
.693
.686
.694
.718
.752
.753
.772
.805
.840
.901
.913
.947
.930
.955
1.016
1.023
1.024
1.044
1.046
1.071
HP/
WT
.0298
.0296
.0308
.0308
.0300
.0303
.0308
.0300
.0307
.0320
.0336
.0332
.0336
.0343
.0357
.0378
.0380
.0388
.0383
,0390
.0413
.0420
.0420
.0422
.0421
.0428
TON
-MPG
32.4
34.
36.
36.
35.
36.
38.
40.
41.
42.
42.
42.
42.
43.
43 .
44.
44.
44.
45.
iG.
46.
46.
47.
48.
48.
48.
8
6
0
0
4
4
3
3
0
4
8
8
7
7
0
1
8
5
0
7
6
0
.3
.6
.2
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON -MPG
2556
2580
2491
2662
2953
3061
3213
3192
3251
3244
3207
3268
3196
3120
3150
3153
3257
3259
3340
3285
3281
' 3331
3320
3294
3191
3208
3165
3394
3747
3951
4174
4208
4317
,4389
4365
4448
4434
4437
4457
.. 4518
4639
4699
4795
4793
4812
5001
5067
5051
PERCENT OF FOUR-CYLINDER CARS :
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT
25 .
22.
28.
31.
33.
44.
60.
72.
76.
81.
84 ,
89,
92,
94,
93
93
92
88
94
97
90
95
95
95
96
95
2
0
3
8
5
8
.6
,1
.2
.3
.0
.5
.0
.1
.2
.2
.5
.5
.1
.1
.2
.9
.8
.6
.2
.3
4WD MANUAL
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.2
1.0
.9
.9
5.1
1.4
3 .7
1.5
1.5
1.0
• 1.5
1.5
2.1
1.2
2.0
.7
2.2
2.5
2.8
3.0
2.8
3.5
68.
63 .
69.
67.
65.
60.
55.
49.
45.
39.
36.
36.
34.
35,.
31.
30,
31
30
29
27
27
24
21
19
22
22
9
9
5
4
9
3
2
5
0.
9
.7
.5
.4
.2
.8
,6
.2
.1
.3
.4
.4
.0
.5
.3
.5
.5 .
LOCK
.0
.0
.0
,0
.0
.0
1.7
21.4
26.2
30.4
31.8
37.0
43.0
50.3
53.5
57.9
60.9
61.4
62.9
67.1.
70.7
73.8
77.3
80.1
76.6
76.2
FUEL
FI
14.4
6.7
11.9
10.4
7.0
9.1
7.5
18.7
32.7
43.7
52.3
63.3
68.1
78.5
84.9
98.2
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.9
99.9
99.7
99.3
99.5
METERING
TBI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
11.2
21.0
28.3
33.6
38.9
43.2
45.9
41.3
35.3
31.0
13 .4
11.9
7.9
1.7
1.5 .
1.2
.0
.0
.0
PORT
14.4
6.7
11.9
10.4
7.0
9.1
7.5
7.5
11.7
15.4
18.7
24.4
24.9
32.7
43.7
62.9
68.9
86.6
88.1
92.1
98.3
98.3
98.7
99.7
99.3
99.5
CARB
84.
92.
86'.
87.
90.
87.
88.
78.
66.
54.
46.
36,
31
21,
15
1
8
7
3
8
c
3
.5
.7
.3
.7
.9
.3
.8
.5
.0
.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.8
.6
1.8
1.7
2.1
3 .6
4.0
2.6
1.0
1.6
.8
.4
.1
.0
.1
.0
• .1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.1
.3
.7
.5
FOUR
VALVE
.0
•P
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
2.2
7.4
15.1
19.2
39.6
42.9
49.0
46.5
56.7
73 .2
76.3
74.1
78.2
75.8
71.5
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL
98.7
99.4
99.3
97.6
95.8
89.5
82.7
83.8
79.3
85.0
81.6
79.3
81.3
87.2
86.3
88.9
90.8
89.1
89.4
89.1
88.9
84.7
84.6
75.2
72.8
72.5
MID LARGE
1
2
4
10
•17
16
20
15
18
20
18
12
13
11
9
10
10
10
11
15
15
24
27
27
.3
.6
.7
.4
.2
.5
.3
.2
.7
.0
.4
.6
.5
.6
.5
.0
.0
.7
.4
.7
.0
.2
.2
.7
.2
.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2
.2
.2
.2
.1
.2
.2
.2
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.0
.0
DESIGNED
DOM
29.5
36.3
19.9
31.1
42.0
45.5
50.9
54.1
53 .5
63.4
58.5
55.3
49.6
45.0
44.2
36.0
36.9
34.4
40.9
29.7
38.7
39.5
39.5
41.2
38.6
34.7
EUR
32.1
22.1
24.1
20.9
16.0
14.9
9.5*
8.7
7.2
7.2
7.4
7.3
7.0
6.6
5.3
5 .1
4.6
4.2
2.5
3.0
3.9
4 .5
4 .9
S.6
7.8
12.6
ASIA
38 .4
41.5
56.0
48.0
42.0
39.6
39.7
37.2
39.3
29.4
34.1
37.5
43.3
48.4
50.5
58.8
58.5
61.4
56.6
67.3
57.4
56.1
55.6
53.2
53.6
52 .7
1-3
-------
Table 1-4
Appendix I (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 FIVE-CYLINDER CARS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
S
12
12
39
43
66
59
58
64
116
99
71
44
18
15
18
15
27
41
54
60
84
51
97
75
65
FUEL ECONOMY
FRAC
.001
.001
.001
.003
.004
.007
.007
.007
.008
.011
.009
.006
.004
.002
.002
.002
.002
.003
.005
.006
.006
.011
.006
.012
.009
.008
CITY
^3.9
22.2
23.0
18.4
20.5
20.8
22.4
23.9
24 .5
21.5
21.0
20.0
20.5
20.7
20.5
20.6
20.8
22.3
22.7
21 -
.22.0
21.9
21.8
21.4
21.7
21.7
HWY
31.4
27.8
27.7
25.1
26.5
29.0
30.5
31.7
32.2
29.9
29.2
29.2
29.8
30.7
29.6
29.8
31.5
33.1
35.4
34.3
35.4
34.7
34.8
33.8
34.0
34.0
55/45
26.8
24.4
24.9
20.9
12.8
23.8
25.4
26.9
27.4
24.6
24.0
23.3
23.9
24.3
23.8
23.9
24.5
26.1
27.1
26.1
26.5
26.3
26.2
25.7
25.9
25.9
WGHT
LB
3500
4000
4000
3411
3596
3357
3358
3601
3660
3326
3360
3035
3095
3047
3415
3407
3460
3497
3509
3504
3512
3500
3500
3609
3647
3704
VOL
CU-FT
105.0
103.6
106.0
105.3
105.3
105.8
106.1
110.3
110.2
111.0
110.7
104.6
108.5
105.1
106.7
100.9
108.2
114.7
118.6 .
115.6
117.1
120.1
118.5
120.8
ENGINE
CID
183
183
183
152
162
152
155
163
165
148
151
136
139
140
140
141
142
150
149
147
146
148
148
148
148
148
HP
77
77
77
102
100
92
98
114
114
109
117
116
127
129
135
138
141
170
169
184
185
180
181
185
193
187
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
19.3 95
21.5 93
21.5 93
15.1 106
16.1 104
16.3 102
15.6 104
14.3 108
14.5 108
13.9 109
13.3 111
12.3 114
11.7 117
11.4 119
12.0 117
11.8 118
11.9 119
10.3 129
10.3 128
9.7 134
9.6 134
9.8 133
9.7 133
9.8 133
9.6 135
9.9 132
HP/
CID
.421
.421
.421
.690
.636
.630
.650
.705
.696
.748
.788
.854
.914
.920
.969
.980
1.002
1.135
1.133
1.252
1.271
1.221
1.224
1.251
1.309
1.261
HP/
WT
.0220
.0192
.0192
.0305
.0284
.0281
.0297
.0319
.0313
.0330
.0352
.0383
.0409
.0422
.0398
.0406
.0407
.0486
.0.481
.0524
.0528
.0515
.0518
.0514
.0531
.0505
TON
-MPG
46.8
48.8
49.8
37.0
42.3
41.6
44.0
49.9
51.4
42.1
41.1
35.6
37.4
37.3
40.7
41.1
43.2
46.0
47.6
45.8
46.6
46.0
45.9
46.3
47.2
48.0
CU-FT
-MPG
2613
2202
2462
2593
2739
2896
2949
2742
2661
2595
2661
2552
2585
2536
2665
2656
2938
2998
3146
3043
3074
3082
3073
3134
CU-FT-
TON-MPG
5227
3821
4499
4399
4671
" 5300
5462
4619
4509
3949
4132
3894
4430
. 4331
4626
4645
515.2
5252
5521
5325
5379
5569
5592
5793
PFRCENT OF FIVE-CYLINDER CARS:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
.0 .0 .0 .0
.0 -0 -0 .0
.0
58.9
40.4
56.6
51.0
37.1
32.2
65.8
63.1
84.9
70.4
60.5
86.8
74.5
69.0
88.6
93.3
99.1
97.6
100.0
100.0
78.6
72.7
67.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.8
2.6
4.1
12.6
24.0
36.0
10.9
19.0
16.4
1.1
1.8
.9
2.4
.0
.0
21.4
27.3
32.6
.0
8.1
8.9
18.5
21.5
11.0
11.7
18.2
15.6
28.4
36.5
56.1
29.2
30.8
24.5
17.1
15.7
9.8
8.7
4.8
3.2
3.3
5.7
16.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
55.2
72.5
79.4
90.2
91.3
95.2
96.8
96.7
94.3
83.6
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT CARB DSL
.0 .0 .0 .0 100.0
.0 .0 .0 .0 100.0
.0
58.9
38.0
41.9
40.8
35.3
29.0
68.4
67.3
97.5
94.4
96.5
97.7
93.5
85.4
89.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
58.9
38. C
41.9
40'. 8
35.3
29.0
68.4
67.3
97.5
94 .4
96.5
97.7
93.5
85.4
89.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0 100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
41.1
62.0
58,1
59.2
64.7
71.0
31.6
32.7
2.5
5.5
3.5
2.3
6.5
14.6
10.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
-,o
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
13.1
13.8
86.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100. b
100.0
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100.0 .0 .0
100.0 .0 .0
100.0
100.0
94.1
95.2
96.0
94.7
95.9
47-5
45.3
30.2
36.6
57.4
21.4
39.6
38.9
98.9
32.9
18.6
3 .1
27.5
16 .8
10.1
5.7
11.9
.0
.0
5.9
4.8
4 .0
5.3
4.1
52.5
54.7
69.8
63.4
42.6
78.5
60.4
61.1
1.1
67.1
81.4
96.9
72.4
83.2
89.9
94.3
88.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
•0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0,
DESIGNED
DOM EUR
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0.
.0
.0
.0
.0'
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
13.4
73.9
82.2
99.3
72.4
83.2
92.3
100.0
100. 0'
ASIA
.0
.0
.0
. 0
,0
.0
.0
.0
. • .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
86.6
26 .1
17.8
" . .1
27.6
15 .8
7.7
.0
.0
1-4
-------
Table 1-5
Appendix I (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 SIX-CYLINDER CARS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
1533
1935
1851
2325
2187
2644
2394
2080
1858
2455
2498
2694
2489
2985
3157
2989
2635
3067
3255
3126
3667
3020
3006
3094
3535
3659
FRAC
.186
.199
.164
.208
.203
.280
.274
.266
.232
.230
.232
.245
.232
.278
.315
.339
.309
.378
.385
.372
.390
.383
.361
.388
.411
.424
FUEL ECONOMY WGHT VOL ENGINE
CITY HWY 55/45 LB CU-FT CID HP
16.2 22.1 18.4 3625 225 105
17.1 23.0 19.3 3715 231
17.3 23.3 19.6 3753 106.6 229
17.7 24.6 20.2 3482 108.6 221
17.9 24.6 20.4 3421 108.8 217
18.8 26.5 21.6 3332 111.0 213
19.6 27.8 22.6 3382 111.6 215
19.7 28.9 23.0 3404 112.9 213
20.3 30.1 23.8 3373 111.0 211
20.5 30.5 24.1 3364 111.3 205
20.3 31.2 24.1 3387 111.8 206
20.8 32.8 24.9 3377 112.0 200
20.8 33.7 25.1 3414 112.9 198
21.4 34.8 25.9 3397 113.6 193
21.2 34.6 25.7 3423 114.8 194
20.9 34.5 25.4 3504 114.0 197
20.9 34.2 25.3 3490 113.6 197
20.8 34.6 25.4 3500 114.3 199
21.3 34.8 25.8 3488 113.9 199
n.l 34.6 25.6 3533 113.2 198
21.4 35.6 26.0 3532 113.1 195
21.4 35.6 26.1 3552 113.6 194
21.2 35.4 25.9 3574 114.5 197
21.5 35.9 26.2 3542 113.3 194
21.5 35.8 26.2 3579 113.2 192
21.6 36.1 26.4 3595 114.0 192
100
105
107
109
110
110
114
116
117
124
134
143
142
146
150
156
158
158
159
172
172
179
180
188
193
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
15.7 105
16.7 103
16.1 104
14.8 107
14.4 108
13.9 109
14.1 108
13.8 110
13.6 111
13.4 111
12.9 114
12.1 117
11.6 120
11.5 120
11.4 121
11.4 122
11.0 124
10.9 125
10.9 125
10.9 125
10.3 129
10.3 129
10.1 131
10.0 132
9.7 134
9.5 136
1
HP/
CID
.485
.445
.471
.495
.508
.530
.522
.548
.565
.586
.617
.683
.733
.744
.762
.773
.796
.810
.805
.812
.888
.894
.918
.934
.986
.018
HP/
WT
.0295
.0273
.0284
.0311
.0319
.0334
.0328
.0338
.0346
.0350
,0368
.0398
.0419
.0418
.0429
.0431
.0448
.0454
.0454
.0451
.0487
.0485
.0502
.0507
.0526
.0538
TON CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG -MPG TON-MPC
33.5
36.0
36.9
35.3
34.9
36.0
38 .3
39.3
40.2
40.5
40.8
42.2
42.9
44.0
44 .0
44.6
44.2
44.4
45.0
45.2
46.0
46.3
46.3
46.4
46.9
47.4
2095
2206
2224
2407
2527
2614
2654
2684
2697
2805
2847
2952
2956
2911
2887
2908
2946
2901
2952
2966
2969
2971
2973
3012
3955
3844
3814
4004
4283
4457
4481
4515
4566
4745
4862
5017
5059
5099
5040
5091
5139
5126
5211
5270
5310
5266
5325
5421
OF SIX-CYLINDER CARS:
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
.0
.0
.0
.0
22.0
14.2
19.5
22.4
31.5
48.6
63.4
73.0
83 .8
84.1
86 .3
87.8
88.6
88.2
86.4
87.4
88.9
87.8
87.8
86.6
86.2
4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.5
.8
1.1
1.7
.9
.0
.3
.2
.2
.3
.1
.4
1.3
.3
.2
.2
.7
.6
1.1
1.8
1.9
TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
MANUAL LOCK FI TBI PORT CARB
19.3 .0 8.3 .0 8.3 91
15.2 .0 4.7 .0 4.7 95
11.9 .0 6.7 .0 6.7 93
9.1 8.3 5.3 .0 5.3 94
9.1 8.2 6.9 .0 6.9 93
8.2 25.7 4.3 .0 4.3 95
5.4 58.8 6.8 .0 6.8 92
5.3 89.3 17.8 8.0 9.8 79
6.6 90.1 12.3 .0 12.3 85
6.1 91.9 29.8 8.8 21.0 68
6.3 92.7 62.7 21.6 41.1 36
6.9 91.1 80.1 15.4 64.7 19
7.9 89.2 96.7 7.9 88.8 2
5.8 92.5 99.9 2.3 97.6
5.0 93.0 100.0 .2 99.8 '
3.9 94 .3 ' 100.0 .1 99.8
4.3 93.6 99.9 .0 99.9
4.2 93.1 100.0 .1 99.9
4.3 93.8 100.0 .0 100.0
4.3 94.2 100.0 .0 100.0
4.4 93.9 99.8 .0 99.8
4.4 94.3' 99.9 .0 99.9
3.5 96.5 99.9 .0 99.9
4.0 96.0 99.9 .0 99.9
5.0 94.9 99.9 .0 99.9
5.8 94.1 100.0 .0 100.0
.7
.3
.3
.7
. 1 •
.5
.9
.6
.7
.8
.7
.6
.5
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
DSL VALVE
.0 .0
.0 .0
:o .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.2 .0
.3 .0
2.6 .0
2.0 .0
1.4 .0
.6 .0
.3 1.1
.8 4.1
.0 5.3
.0 6.1
.0 8.3
.1 9.9
.0 12.2
.0 19.0
.0 20.4
.2 29.8
.1 34.1
.1 35.5
.1 38.1
.1 47.8
.0 51.0
VEHICLE SIZE
DESIGNED
SMALL MID LARGE DOM
92.
84.
74.
54.
40.
29.
23.
25.
31.
29.
30.
35.
38.
33.
19.
19.
20.
25.
24.
28.
4 6.
0 15.
8 22.
0 43.
5 57.
0 66.
1 70.
0 65.
7 64.
9 67.
1 56.
0 43 .
1 37.
1 46.
1 61.
4 61.
4 62.
6 55.
5 57.
7 46.
28.9 50.
24.
22.
9
2
9 2.
9 2.
8 1.
6 4.
5 6,
1 10,
0 4.
0 3
0 13
6 21
9 24
1 20
2 19
1 19
3 17
3 19
5 18
,7 24
.3 20
9 56.6 18
.5 52.
22.2 60.
24.
22.
.6 56
.6 45
.9 24
.6 17
.0 19
.7 31
.7 89.1
.8 93.3
.3 93.1
, 1 94.0
,7 92.5
,4 95 .5
.4 92.9
.0 88.8
.3 87.1
.1 88.3
.9 86.9
.4 86.8
.0 78.4
.8 84.0
.7 84.1
.5 83.4
.3 82.7
.2 81.5
.0 81.0
.6 82.8
.8 76.0
.4 74.9
.6 71.7
.2 69.6
.4 65.8
.7 61.6
EUR
4.2
2.7
2.3
1.5
1.4
1.2
1.2
2.'3
3 .0
3.3
3.7
5.3
7.2
6.7
6.1
4 .7
4.7
4.4
3.8
3.9
5.8
4.9
6.9
7.7
10.9
12 . 1
ASIA
6.7
4 .0
4.7
4.5
6.1
3 .3
5.9
8.9
9 . 9
8.3'
9.3
7.9
14 .4
9.3
9.8
11.9
12 .6
14.0
15.2
13.3
18 .3
'20.1
21.4
22.7
23.3
26.3
1-5
-------
Table 1-6
Appendix I (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 EIGHT-CYLINDER CARS
MODEL
YEAR
197S
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
199S
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
4840
5728
7132
5882
5354
2169
1778
1377
1859
2316
2229
1651
1387
1247
1070
812
905
951
791
933
1013
775
780
672
786
795
FUEL ECONOMY
FRAC
.588
.589
.631
.526
.496
.230
.204
.176
.232
.217
.207
.150
.129
.116
.107
.092
.106
.117
.094
.111
.108
.098
.094
.084
.091
.092
CITY
11.6
13.2
14.1
14.9
15.4
16.4
17.1
17.0
16.8
17.0
18.1
18.6
18.4
18.7
18.7
18.4
18.7
18.8
18.6
18.7
18.6
18.9
19.0
19.0
18.6
19.0
HWY
16.6
18.5
19.7
21.4
21.4
24.0
26.0
26.5
26.4
26.8
28.8
30.1
29.6
30.4
30.7
30.4
31.1
31.3
31.5
31.4
31.7
32.3
31.9
31.5
30.7
31.7
55/45
13.4
15.1
16.2
17.2
17.6
19.1
20.2
20.3
20.1
20.3
21.7
22.5
22.2
22.6
22.7
22.3
22.8
22.9
22.8
22.9
22.9
23.3
23.2
23.1
22.6
23.2
WGHT VOL
. LB CU-FT
4732
4689
4450 119.0
4166 119.2
4060 120.6
3920 120.6
3973 123.0
3940 123.4
3946 125.0
3913 122.3
3895 122.8
3813 120.2
3846 120.2
3854 121.5
3831 121.5
3947 121.4
3947 122.0
4006 124.1
4010 123.8
3989 121.2
4005 120.3
4018 122.3
4001 122.2
'3971 117.6
4014 118.9
3999 117.8
ENGINE
CID
376
368
348
335
324
309
307
305
298
300
296
299
299
301
300
294
298
295
296
292
289
289
279
280
281
280
HP
167
165
158
154
149
135
133
138
143
144
151
152
155
164
160
173
198
208
215
225
230
241
247
256
247
253
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
13.4 117
13.4 116
13 . 2 116
12.8 117
12.9 116
13.6 113
14.0 112
13.5 114
12.9 115
12.8 116
12.4 118
12.0 120
12.0 120
11.6 123
11.6 122
11.3 125
10.0 134
9.8 136
9.6 139
9.2 142
9.0 143
8.7 147
8.5 149
8.2 153
8.6 149
8.4 151
HP/
CID
.446
.448
.455
.460
.460
.439
.440
,.457
.482
.483
.509
.511
.520
.544
.535
.597
. .669
.714
.736
..lit
.803
.8.41
.891
. .918
.880
.907
HP/
WT
.0354
.0352
.0356
.0371
.0368
.0346
.0337
.0355
.0364
.0371
.0389
.0403
.0407
.0430
.0423
.0441
.0.504
.0523
.0542
OE5S
.0575
.0602
.0620
.0647
.0619
.0635
TON
-MPG
32.0
35 S
36.1
36.1
35.9
37.9
40.9
40.5
39.8
39.8
42.3
42.9
42.7
43.6
43.5.
44.2
45.0
46.1
45.8
45.7
45.9
46.7
46.4
45.9
45.4
46.4
.CU-FT
-MPG
1939
2085
2145
2343
2538
. 2537
2519
2491
2670
2712
2676
2754
2765
2720
2788
2862
2835
2783
2759
2850
2837
2720
2692
2738
CU-FT-
TON-MPG
4305
4317
4344
4616
5071
5054
4999
4915
5227
5201
5177
5349
5339
5404
5540
5765
S720
5586
5553
5746
5682
5423
5420
5494
PERCENT OF EIGHT-CYLINDER CARS:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
1.7
2.0
1.8
2.1
3 .7
7.6
8.8
5.5
9.6
9.3
18.2
12.2
14.2
16.4
21.2
28.4
20.5
21.9
23.2
19.3
24.1
27.9
28.3
32.5
26.3
21.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.3
.3
.3
1.2
1.6
1.2
1.0
1.2
1.4
.8
1.1
3.9
3.5
3.2
2.5
4.3
4.4
6.2
7.2
6.7
5.1
3.7
5.3
6.1
6.5
6.7
5.2
7.2
5.4
6.3
.0
.0
.0
9.5
12.9
40.5
80.4
90.8
95.5
95.8
96.0
93.2
92.4
91.5
90.3
91.4
92.7
94.3
92.8
92.3
91.4
93.3
94.8
92.8
94.6
93.7
FUEL
FI
.7
1.4
1.1
1.9
2.2
4.4
13.8
10.4
35.4
37.6
47.4
48.4
55.9
76.2
90.9
96.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
METERING
TBI PORT
3.
13.
9.
34.
32.
42.
12.
13.
19.
36.
10.
29.
21.
15.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
4
5
4
2
9
8
9
1
1
4
3
0
0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.7
1.4
1.1
1.9
2.2
1.4
.8
1.3
1.0
5.2
5.1
36.2
42.0
56.4
54.0
85.9
70.9
78.6
84.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
CARB
99
98
98
97
95
85
69
77
62
61
52
51
44
23
9
4
.3
.6
.9
.5
_ ~,
.3
.5
.9
.4
.7
.5
.6
.1
.8
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.6
2.6
9.8
16.8
11.7
2.2
.7
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2
.2
.2
.2
7.8
7.4
8.1
16.6
21.9
35.3
36.2
44.6
51.7
40.2
34.6
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
27.0
29.9
30.6
14.2
13.3
9.9
8.8
16.7
12.7
17.7
14.9
19.8
20.8
23.3
22.2
16.4
19.5
15.1
14.2
18.6
18.6
14.1
12.4
21.8
21.8
19.9
37.0
37.4
32.7
46.8
42.8
46.4
39.9
27.3
26.6
24.6
26.4.
31.7
29.1
17.1
10.6
17.6
16.2
14.6
19.5
25.7
27.4
19.4
29.8
22.4
17.9
18.8
36.0
32.7
.36.7
39.0
43.9
43.7
51.3
55.9
60.7
57.7
58.8
48.4
50.1
59,6
67.2
66.0
64.3
70.3
66.3
55.6
54.1
66.4
57.8
55.8
60.3
61.2
DESIGNED
DOM EUR ASIA
99.6
99.8
99.8
99.7
99.6
99.2
99.2
98.7
99.0
98.9
98. 1
97.4
96.7
97.5
97.4
91.1
91.3
91.0
91.5
91.2
90.8
93.9
85.6
82.7
83.5
73.7
.4
.2
.2
.3
.4
.8
.8
1.3
1.0
1.1
1.6
2.6
3.3
2.5
2.6
2.3
2.4
2.1
3.1
4 .3
5.2
.2.0
9.0
10.3
12.1
22.5
.0
. 0
. 0
. 0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. 0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. 0
6 .6
6.4:
6 . 9
5.4
4 .6
4 . 0
4 .1
5.4
7.1
4.4
3 .8
1-6
-------
Appendix I (Continued)
Table 1-7
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 FOUR-CYLINDER VANS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996,
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
2
1
2
3
8
16
11
15
14
217
341
354
268
143
224
101
146
141
92
66
.87
66
66
139
61
32
FUEL ECONOMY
FRAC
.004
.003
.004
.004
.018
.065
.046
.048
.037
.321
.399
.339
.241
.127
.176
.080
.141
.116
.064
.047
.053
.047
.053
.094
.040
.022
CITY .
18.0
16.8
19.1
17.4
16.5
16.3
16.3
19.7
17.4
21.9
21.3-
21.8
21.7
22.4
21.8
22.3
20.9
21.7
21.2
.4
21.9
21.5
21.6
21.3
22.0
22.0
HWY 55/45
25.1 20.6
25.8 39.9
27.6 2^.2
24.5 20.0
22.6 18.7
23.9 19.0
22.3 18.5
24.9 21.7
23.5 19.7
29.2 24.7
28.3 24.0
29.5 24.7
29.4 24.6
30.1 25.3
29.5 24.7
30.9 25.5
29.2 23.9
30.6 25.0
30.5 24.6
30.5 24.7
30.5 25.1
30.6 24.8
30.7 24.9
32.5 25.2
33.2 26.0
33.2 25.9
WGHT
VOL ENGINE
LB CU-FT CID
3498
3500
3500
3500
3500
3618
3644
3668
3567
3380
3409
3425
3401
3464
3505
3544
3791
3588
3638
3604
3621.
3817
3831
3941
3989
4000
.0 118
.0 120
.0 120
.0 120
.0 120
.0 120
.0 120
. 0 111
.0 118
.0 136
.0 142
.0 146
.0 143
.0 145
.0 149
.0 149
.0 148
.0 145
.0 147
.0 149
-.0 143
.0 142
.0 142
.0 165
.0 148
.0 148
HP
78
67
67
67 .
67
67
67
61
69
94
97
99
100
98
110
109
120
117
118
116
130
149
144
173
150
150
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
19.1 96
• 20.9 92
20.8 92
20.9 92
20.9 92
21.4 91
21.6 91
23.4 89
20.9 92.
15.8 1C3
15.5 104
15 .'4 104
15.2 105
15.7 103
14.7 107
15.0 107
14.5 109
14.1 109
14.2 109
14.4 109
13.2 114
12.1 118
12.5 116
11.1 125
12.5 117
12.5 117
HP/ HP/
CID WT
.656 .0224
.558 .0191
.558 .0191
.558 .0191
.558 .0191
.558 .0186
.558 .0185
.550 .0168
.583 .0194
.694 .0281
.690 .0287
.681 .0290
.702 .0296
.678 .0283
.743 .0316
.736 .0310
.814 .0316
.812 .0325
.809 .0324
.782 .0322
.921 .0360
1.050 .0392
1.003 .0375
1.047 .0439
1.015 .0376
1.014 .0375
TON
-MPG
36.1
34\9
38.9
35.0
32.9
34.4
33.8
42.1
35.7
42.0
41.0
42.5'
41.9
44.0
43 .4
45.3
45.4
44.8
44.9
44 .6
45.4
47.5
47.8
49.7
51.8
51.9
OF FOUR-CYLINDER VANS:
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4.2
69.5
76.0
72 .0
59.8
67.7
83.9
80.2
34.0
61.9
59.8
66.7
71.1 '
87.7
92.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.9
3.8
8.0
6.2
3 .4
6.9
11.2
9.4
4.7
10.1
10.6
1.8
2.0
.0
.0
.0
TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
MANUAL
43.3
84.8
89.9
85.0
81.2
82.9
81.2
89.0
76 .9
30.2
19.9
17.8
19.9
18.1
9.6
14.1
7*. 5
11.9
9.8
7.8
1.3
.1
.0
.0
. .0
.0
LOCK FI
.0 61.
.0 100.
.0 100.
.0 100.
.0 100.
.0 100.
.0 100.
.0 61.
.0 93 .
19.1 30.
15.3 23.
19.9 24.
32.5 41.
27.8 100.
14.2 100.
70.3 100.
90.6 100.
88.1 100.
90.2 100.
92.2 100.
98.7 100.
99.9 100.
100.0 100.
100.0 100.
100.0 100.
100.0 100.
TBI
1 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 . .0
0 .0
7 .0
6 .0
5 .0
1 .0
2 2.4
3 10.3
0 68.4
0 54.0
0 55.3
0 29.6
0 38.0
0 46.9
0 55.8
0 32.6
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
FOUR
PORT CARB DSL VALVE
,0 38
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 68
.0 76
21.8 75
31.1 58
31.6
46.0
44.7
70.4
62.0
53.1
44.2
67.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.9
.0
.0
.0
. u
.0
.0
.0 38
.0 6
.6
.9
.8
.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
•0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.3 .0
.4 .0
.9 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
•. o .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 9.1
.0 29.8
.0 67.4
.0 100.0
.0 .100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
VEHICLE SIZE
DESIGNED
SMALL MID -LARGE DOM
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100. 0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0
100.0 .0 .
38.1 61.9
27.4 72.6
28.9 71.1
47.0 53.0
38.7 61.3
15.8 84.2
30.1 69.9
10.3 89.7
28.4 71.6
13.2 86.8
16.4 83.6
6.9 93.1
2.5 97.5
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 .0
. 0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 4.2
. 0 62.8
.0 72.6
.0 71.1
.0 53.0
.0 61.3
.0 80.2
.0 64.2
.0 29.6
.0 .38.0
.0 46.9
.0 55.8
.0 32.6
.0 50.1
.0 56.9
.0 35.4
.0 97.8
.0 100.0
IMPORT
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 .0
100.0
95.8 "
37.2
27.4
28 .9
47.0
38.7
19.8
35.8
70.4
62.0
53.1
44 .2
67.4
49.9
43.1
64.6
2.2
.0
1-7
-------
Appendix I (Continued)
Table 1-8
MODEL
YEAR
1993
1994
1995
SALES
(000)
11
0
2
FRAC
.007
.000
.001
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 FIVE-CYLINDER VANS
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
ENGINE '
CID HP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
HP/
CID
18.6
17.5
17.3
25.1
24.6
23.3
21.0 4157
20.1 4260
19.6 5000
.0 150 109 16.6 103
.0 150 109 16..8 102
.0 150 109 19.1 98
PERCENT OF FIVE-CYLINDER VANS:
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
.727 .0263 43.7
.727 .0257 42.8
.727 .0218 48.9
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT
FOUR VEHICLE SIZE DESIGNED
CARB DSL VALVE SMALL MID LARGE DOM IMPORT
1993 100.0
1994 100.0
1995 100.0
35.7 64.3 100.0 .0 100.0
48.0 52.0 100.0 .0 100.0
43.8 56.2 100.0 .0 100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 100.0 .0
.0 100.0 .0
.0 .0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
1-8
-------
Appendix I (Continued)
Table 1-9
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 SIX-CYLINDER VANS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978'
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
117
128
107
152
96
114
119
121
117
144
182
391
566
735
777
935
742
902
1174
1138
1375
1230
1047
1248
1302
1313
FRAG
.256
.255
.208
.244
.200
.473
.488
.389
.307
.214
.213'
.374
.509
.649
.608
.741
.718
.739
.815
.816
.828
.873
.842
.839
.851
.893
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
14.5 19.1
15.7 20.1
16.3 20.6
15.6 19.6
15.1 18.8
16.3 21.7
16.7 21.9
16.7 22.1
16.8 22.4
16.4 22.3
18.0 25.2
18.0 25.9
18.9 27.1
19.0 28.0
18.9 27.8
19.0 27.9
18.9 27.7
18.9 27.9
19.1 28.6
19.0 28.3
19.0 28.9'
19.1 29.3
19.0 29.0
19.3 30.0
19.0 29.8
19.3 30.0
16.3
17.4
18.0
17.2
16.6
18.4
18. 7
18.7
18.9
18.6
20.6
20.9
21.8
22.2
22.1
22.2
22.0
22.1
22.5
22.3
22.5
22.7
22.5
23.0
22.7
22.9
WGHT 'VOL
LB CU-FT
3967 .0
4023 .0
4039 .0
4086 .0
4233 .0
4182 .0
4191 .0
4181 .0
4206 .0
4118 .0
4002 .0
4049 .0
3930 .0
3940 .0
3992 .0
4011 .0
4084 .0
4ll8 .0
4047 .0
4083 .0
4050 .0
4148 .0
4181 .0
4136 .0
4230 .0
4266 .0
ENGINE
CID HP
271 102
271 102
278 113
280 J.19
263 121
266 118
268 117
266 111
265 110
272 112
269 136
237 132
219 149
213 149
212 146
208 144
212 147
213 ' 149
208 152
212 154
221 155
214 , 167
213 169
214 177
215 180
214 181
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
16.9 101
17.1 101
15.9 105
15.3 106
15.5 106
15.6 105
15.9 105
16.5 103
16.7 103
16.2 104
13 . 8 113
14.2 111
12.5 117
12.5 117
12.8 116
13.0 115
13.0 115
13.0 116
12.6. 117
12.6 118
12.4 118
11.9 121
11.9 122
11.4 125
11.4 125
11.4 125
HP/
CID
.. .380
.380
.408
.430
.465
.449
.438
.419
.418
.413
.509
.574
.703
.722
.713
.705
.706
.711
.742
.733
.711
.788
.798
.826
, .841
.856
HP/
WT
.0257
.0253
.0280
.0293
.0287
.0284
.0279
.0266
.0263
.0273
.0343
.0327
.0381
.0380
.0367
.0360
.0360
.0362
.0377
.0377
.0384
.0405
.0405
.0428
.0426
.0425
TON
-MPG
32.6
35 .2
36.4
35.3
35 .5
38.5
39.2
39.2
39.9
38.5
41.5
42 .3
43 .0
43 .8
44 .3
44 .6
45.2
45.7
45 .4
45 .6
45.5
47.1
47.1
47.6
48 .1
49.0
OF SIX-CYLINDER VANS:
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
.0
.0
.0
.0
}
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
25.9
42.7
.32.2
54.4
46.5
51.7
55.5
61.3
69.4
79.8
70.3
82.2
83.7
82.1
4WD
- .0
.0
.0
- .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2.
8.1
13,0
6.0
5.2
7.4
10.3
2.6
5.5-
'3.9
3.0
4.2
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
16.8 .0
21.7 .0
15.5 .0
14.0 .0
43 .1 9.2
40.3 33.0
34.6 35.1
27.5 38.3
26.6 40.8
22.2 44.4
8.4 71.0
6.3 76.7
3.5 86.7
2 -.2 90.7
2.1 91.8
.6 96.0
.4 97.4
.3 98.1
.3 97.9
.1 98.3
.0 98.6
.0 98.7
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
FUEL
FI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
- .0
.0
60.3
96.9 •
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0 '
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
. METERING
TBI PORT
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
'.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
41.2 19.1
33.6 63.4
29.8 '70.2
29.0 71.0
33.4 66.6
31.8 68.2
23.1 76.9
15.1 84.9
14.4 85.6
5.4 94.6
.0 100.0
.0 100,0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
FOUR
CARB DSL VALVE
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 0
100 . -•
100.0'
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
39.2
3.1
.0
.0
.0'
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 . .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
. 0. .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.5 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0 -
.0 .0
.0 .0 •'
.0 .0
. 0 , .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 1.2
.0 11.6
.0 20.3
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
.0 49
.0 48
.0 36
.0 43
.0 64
.0 56
.0 52
.0 52
.0 .53
.0 43
.'0 70
.0 84
.0 91
.0 93
.0 93
.0 96
.0 96
.0 96
.0 96
.0 96.
.0 96
.0 97
.0 95,
.0 96,
.0 96.
.0 93.
.3 50.7
.2 51.8
.7 63.3
.0 57.0
.7 35.3
.8 43.2
.2 47.8
.8 47.2
.6 46.4
.9 56.1
.1 29.9
.7 15.3
.6 8.4
.7 6.3
.7 6.3
.0 4.0
.4 3.6
.8 3.2
.7 3.3
.5 3.5
.8 3.2
.2 2.8
.8 4.2
.0 4.0
.4 3.6
.8 6.2
DESIGNED
DOM
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
96.8
95.5
94.5
95.6
87.4
88.6
87.7
90.4
87.7
96.7
81.4
73.9
IMPORT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
3 .2
4 .5
5.5
4.4
12.6
11.4
12.3
-9.6
12.3
3.3
18.6
26.1
.1-9
-------
Table I-10
Appendix I (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 EIGHT-CYLINDER VANS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
338
372
405
470
376
111
114
175
251
315
332
300
279
255
276
226
145
178
164
191
197
113
130
100
167
125
FRAG
.741
.742
.788
.752
.782
.462
.466
.563
.656
.465
.389
.287
.251
.225
.216
.179
.141
.146
.114
.137
.119
.080
.104
.067
.109
.085
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
11.0
11.4
12.6
12.2
11.7
13.2
14.5
14.4
15.1
14.4
14.0
14.9
14.7
14.9
14.7
14.6
14.6
14.6
14.8
14.6
14.8
14.6
15.3
15.0
14.7
15.3
14.2
15.4
16.2
15.4
14.7
17.6
19.2
19.0
20.5
19.9
18.9
20.3
20.6
21.3
21.2
21.4
21.6
21.4
22.3
22.0
22.1
22.1
23.1
23.2
22.9
23.5
12.2
12.9
14.0
13.5
12.9
14.9
16.3
16.2
17.1
16.4
15.9
16.9
16.9
17.2
17.0
17.1
17.1
17.0
17.5
17.2
17.4
17.2
18.0
17.9
17.5
18.1
WGHT VOL .
LB CU-FT
4278
4263
4312
4307
4643
4630
4530
4511
4560
4534
4542
4607
4603
4708
4689
4692
4724
4769
4784
4777
4734
4930
4965
5109
5184
5033
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
ENGINE
CID HP
334
342
347
346
342
334
316
316
318
317
314
312
319
322
326
332
331
332
'334
331
336
332
322
322
327
325
158
161
163
159
152
152
148
153
152
154
157
155
167
168
174
186
186
196
202
207
199
219
228
231
237
240
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
12.8 117
12.5 119
12.5 119
12.7 117
14.2 113
14.0 113
14.0 112
13.6 114
13.9 113
13.7 114
13.4 115
13.7 114
13.1 118
13.2 117
12.9 119
•12.2 123
12.2 123
11.8 125
11.4 127
11.2 128
11.5 126
11.0 130
10.7 132
10.8 132
10.7 133
10.4 135
HP/
CID
,470
.470
.471
.460
.445
.456
.469
.486
.481
.487
.501
.497
.521
.520
.533
.560
.560
.590
.606
.626
.594 .
.660
.709
.720
.726
.740
HP/
WT
.0370
.0380
.0380
.0371
.0328
.0330
.0328
.0340
.0335
.0341
.0348
.0338
.0363
.0359
.0374
.0400
.0397
.0416
.0425
04 "* "7
.0423
.0447
.0461
.0454
.0457
.0478
TON
-MPG
26.4
27.8
30..
29.3
30.2
34.6
37.1
36.8
39.8
37.8
36.3
39.2
39.0
40.7
40.1
40.1
40.4
40.7
41.8
41.2
41.3
42.6
44.9
45.7
45.4
45.7
PERCENT OF EIGHT-CYLINDER VANS:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.7
.0
.0
.0
.1
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
25.5
19.9
13.6
12.3
6.1
3.3
2.8
1.4
1.6
2.2
.7
.4
.2
.1
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
6.3
50.6
63.3
54.9
71.3
64.4
67.4
85.7
62.6
72.5
84.1
93.5
98.0
94.5
97.8
94.1
96.1
94.2
95.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
FUEL
FI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
25.6
66.9
98.5
99.7
99.6
99.5
99.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
METERING
TBI PORT CARB
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
42.5
65.7
68.1
70.8
67.8
45.7
49.5
34.3
54.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 100
.0 100
.0 100
.0 100
.0 100
.0 100
.0 100
.0 100
.0 93
.0 98
.1 99
25.5 73
24.4 32
32.8 1
31.5
28.8
31.7
53.9
50.5
65.7
45.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
n
.0
.0
.0
.5
.0
.1
.8
.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR VEHICLE SIZE DESIGNED
DSL VALVE SMALL MID LARGE DOM IMPORT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
6.5
2.0
.8
.6
.3
.5
.3
.4
.5
.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 •
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
-0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 ,
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
72.1
66.1
67.7
70.9
66.7
58.3
66.0
66.6
66.6
70.5
67.6
66.5
67.1
64.4
66.3
68.9
66.1
63.9
58.6
62.1
70.2
33.7
27.3
17.6
15.8
• 0
27.9 100.0
33.9 100.0
32.3 100.0
29.1 100.0
33.3 100.. 0
41.7 100.0
34.0 100.0
33.4 1QO.O
33.4 100.0
29.5 100.0
32.4 100. C
33.5 100.0
32.9 100.0
35.6 100.0
33.7 100.0
31.1 100.0
33.9 100.0
36.1 100.0
41.4 100 .0
37.9 100. 0
29.8 100.0
66.3 100.0
72.7 100.0
82.4 100.0
84.2 100.0
100.0 100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 ,
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1-10
-------
Table 1-11
Appendix I (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 FOUR-CYLINDER SUVS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
6
14
19
13
18
23
71
93
191
207
191
123
115
129
113
123
160
195
150
390
343
383
409
FRAC
.034
.034
.102
.098
.110
.080
.113
- .127
.248
.237
.197
.133
.162
.118
.113
.094
.101
.108
.080
.158
.133
.136
.127
FUEL
CITY
10.1
17.5
21.0
22.5
22.9
22.4
21.2
21.7
22.4
22.5
22.5
21.5
22.6
22.0
22.3
22.2
22.4
22.5
.4
22.8
23.2
23.4
23.2
ECONOMY
HWY
15.6
21.1
25.4
27.3
25.4
25.5
27.3
28.4
29.8
29.5
29.1
27.9
28.8
27.0
27.7
27.4
28.3
28.6
32.5
30.5
31.3
31.4
31.1
55/45
12,0
19.0
2^.8
24.4
24 .0
23.7
23.6
24.3
25.2
25.2
25.0
24.0
25.0
24.0
24.4
24.3
24.7
24.9
27.5
25.8
26.3
26.4
26.2
WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP
LB CID HP TIME SPD
4000 257 110 15.7 104
3032 136 76 17.1 99
2893 137 81 15.8 101
2941 145 81 15.7 101
2557 136 78 15.0 102
2647 130 80 15.1 103
3118 139 89 15. 6 102
3325 139 94 15.7 103
3355 131 97 15.2 104
3130 127 95 14.7 104
3123 122 94 14.8 104
3226 131 103 14.0 107
3100 124 99 14.1 107
3228 128 97 14.9 105
3035 125 101 13.8 108
3058 126 103 13.7 108
3045 123 104 13.5 109
3005 126 108 13.0 111
3028 ,115 111 12.7 112
3289 133 126 12.3 115
3391 128 129 12.4 115
3450 129 138 11.9 118
3490 130 138 12.0 118
1
1
1
HP/ .
CID.
.428
.600
.624
.573
.589
.634
.644
.680
.745
.755
.773
.790
.808
.775
.814
.822
.850
.869
.974
.957 .
.011 .
.073 ,
.073 -,
HP/
WT
.0275
.0259
.0278
.0276
.0303
.0303
.0285
.0282
.0291
.0303
.0298
.0322
.0321
.0302
.0333
.0337
.0343
.0352
.0368
.0385
.0382
.0400
.0398
TON
-MPG
.24.0
28.6
32.9
35.9
30.7
31.4
36.8
40.5
42.3
39.4
38.9
38.7
38.9
38.9
37.5
37.5
37.8
37.6
41.
42.5
44.7
45.9
45.9
OF FOUR-CYLINDER SUVs : . .
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2
12.0
7.8
13.7
12.5
10.7
4WD
.0
32.5
99.9
100.0
38.4
41.0
94.3
91.2
95 .6
96.8
97.8
95.6
90.9
60 .2
50.9
54.2
53 .8
80.3
59.7
65.6
69.6
68.9
66.2
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
100.0
32 .5
100.0
98.0
38.4
44.3
69.3
69.4
86.3
85.0
83.3
72,5
83.1
63.3
67.2
63 .7
60.8
72.4
45.4
43.1
33 .2
31.1
33.8
LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.3
25.3
29.6
13.2
7.7
12.8
27.5
15.9
36.4
32.8
36.3
23.4
27.6
54.6
51.3
66.8
58.9
66.2
FUEL
FI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
32.8
40.5
37.8
46.9
91.9
' 97.1
98.6
97.4
97.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100. '0
100'. 0
METERING FOUR
TBI PORT CARB DSL VALVE
".. 0 .0 100.0 .0
.0 .0 100.0 .0
.0 .0 100.0 .0
.0 .0 100.0 .0
.0 .0 100.0 .0
.0 .0 100.0 .0
.0 .0 100. C .0
.0 .0 65.9 1.3
21.6 18.9 56.8 2.7
19.7 18.1 62.1 .1
6.8 40.1 53.1 .0
49.8 42.1 8.1 .0
61.1 36.0 2.9 .0
62.6 36.0 1.4 .0
54.5 42.8 2.6 .0
47.3 50.0 2.7 .0
35.4 64.6 ,.0 .0 3
20.5 79.5 .0 .0 2,
.0 100.0 .0 .0 91
.0 100 .0 .0 .0 81
.0 100.0 .0 .0 89
.0 100.0 .0 .0 93
.0 100.0 .0 .0 92
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.5
.7
.2
.8
.6
.2
.2
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL
100.0
73 .7
94 .3
100.0
100.0
89.7
23.7
13.8
23.6
52.3
56.6
61.1
76.2
86.1
91.8
90.6
89.4
84.4
80.2
68 .1
57.3
59.1
60.1
MID
.0
26 .3
5.7
.0
.0
10.3
76.3
86.2
75.4
47.7
43 .4
38.9
23.8
13.9
8 .2
9.4
10.6
15.6
19.8
31.9
42.7
40.9
39.9
LARGE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
'.0
DESIGNED
DOM
.0
93.3
83 .6
94.1
84.0
75.8
67.3
56.5
23.2
16.6
6.7
17.6
19.4
40.3
37.9
44 .1
42.7
44.3
4.5
16.1.
10.4
6.8
7.8
IMPORT
100.0
6.2
16.4
5.9
16.0
24 .2
32 .7
43.5
76.8
83 .4
93.3
82.4
80.6
59.7
62.1
55.9
57.3
55.7
95.5
83.9
89.6
93.2
92.2
.1-11
-------
Table 1-12
Appendix I (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 SIX-CYLINDER SUVS
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000) FRAC
197S 12 .062
1976 45 .184
1977 49 .174
1978 60 .157
1979 63 .158
1980 54 .293
1981 44 .327
1982 41 .256
1983 150 .518
1984 368 .589
1985 444 .604
1986 388 .501
1987 491 .562
1988 582 .602
1989 595 .643
1990 423 .597
1991 875 .799
1992 793 .791
1993 950 .725
1994 1130 .713
1995 1242 .684
1996 1285 .680
1997 1349 .547
1998 1495 .580
1999 1633 .579
2000 1812 .562
PERCENT OF SIX-CYLINDER
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
FUEL ECONOMY WGHT
CITY HWY 55/45 LB
16.4 19.9 17.8 3152
14.1 18.3 15. i 3255
14.9 19.5 16.7 3323
14.5 19.4 11.4 32i7
15.5 18.9 16.9 3211
16.0 20.5 17.8 3590
16.4 22.1 18.5 3554
16.5 22.9 18.9 3601
18.3 26.6 21.3 3728
18.4 26.3 21.3 3677
18.3 27.6 21.6 3736
18.0 25.6 20.8 3670
18.2 26.9 21.3 3694
18.0 26.5 21.1 3681
18.2 26.1 21.1 3770
17.6 25.6 20.5 3813
17.4 25.7 20.4 4067
17.0 25.1 19.9 4071
17.3 25.7 20.3 4083
17. _ 25.1 19.9 4188
17.0 25.0 19.8 4205
17.4 26.0 20.4 4189
17.5 25.6 20.4 4215
17.6 26.1 20.6 4190
17.8 25.9 20.7 4184
17.7 25.6 20.5 4244
SUVs:
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.6
.0
.9
.7
79.8
73.8
63.0
70.2
92.9
98.0
98.2
95.9
86.7
86.1
82.1
86.9
82.1
82.0
82.2
86.4
79.6
75.2
63.4
78.0
77.9
69.7
70.3
69.5
70.1
72.0
69.6
75.9
83.8
84.1
86.0
83.0
78.4
77.6
51.3
33.3
30.1
30.0
28.6
27.3
24.6
26.3
17.9
18.6
13.9
12.8
10.6
5.4
8.7
6.4
5.9
8.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.3
3.9
21.6
22.4
46.2
43.1
68.6
68.2
69.2
71.0
71.9
72.0
81.3
80.6
85.3
87.2
89.4
94.6
91.3
93.6
94.1
91.8
FUEL
FI
.0
.0
.0
.0
-.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
68.9
92.1
94.7
94.0
93.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
ENGINE 0-60 TOP
CID HP TIME SPD
237 95 14.7 105
253 101 14.3 106
253 105 14.1 107
255 104 13.8 107
257 120 12.4 114
258 100 15.5 104
266 113 14.0 109
264 112 14.3 108
206 112 '14.8 107
188 108 15.1 106
178 109 15.2 105
182 126 13.4 112
198 138 12.7 116
211 147 12.0 119
231 155 11.7 121
219 154 11.9 120
233 163 11.9 121
230 170 11.6 123
234 181 11.0 127
231 -80 -11.3 125
230 177, 11.5 124
241 180 11.3 125
236 180 11.3 125
237 182 11.2 126
233 188 10.9 128
233 188 11.0 127
METERING
TBI PORT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
40.6
46.9
38.7
42.4
20.8
33.9
17.5
.6
.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0'
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
28.4
45.2
56.0
51.6
72.9
66.1
82.5
99.4
99.6
100.0
100.0
1.00.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
CARB
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.8
92.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
31.1
7.9
5.3
6.0
6.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.2
8.0
:0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
•0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
9.0
22.4
13 .5
20.5
16.9
20.9
21.2
HP/ HP/ TON
CID WT -MPG
399 .0307 27.8
400 .0318 26.0
413 .0320 28.0
407 .0327 26.5
466 .0379 27.1
393 .0285 ,32.0
428 .0327 32.9
426 .0318 34.2
563 .0305 40.1
590 .0298 39.4
617 .0293 40.5
701 .0345 38.2
709 .0377 39.4
706 .0402 . 38.9
680 .0413 39.9
716 .0408 39.1
704 .0404 41.6
743 .0424 40.7
.777 .0448 41.6
.783 .0434 42.0
,777 .0426 41.9
.751 .0434 42.9
.773 .0432 43.1
.778 .0438 43.3
,820 .0450 43.3
.819 .0448 43.6
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
69.6
. 82.1
86.4
87.8
38. 4
65.5
61.7
59.4
23 .0
34.9
23.1
33.9
29.8
30.9 -
25.6
24.1
2 .8
3.1
3.4
2 .7
1.8
.0
16.4
8.0
5.8
7.2
29.9
17.2
13.2
11.0
10.4
31.9
38.3
40.6
77.0
65.1
76.9
66.1
70.2
69.1
74.4
75.9
95.8
95.8
95.7
95.9
97.5
98.6
81.8
87.5
90.4
87.5
..5
.7
.5
1.2
1.2
2 .6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 ,
.0
.0
.0
1.3
1.1
.9
1.4
.7
1.4
1.8
4.5
3 .8
5.3
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
100.0
80.8
67.8
73.7
93.1
96.5
96.0
91. 8
97.3
98 .6
98 .7
99.4
92.5
90.2
88.5
68.8
81.9
79.9
83.6
77.3
69.2
82.4
72.1
75.0
71.4
67.8
.0
19 . 2
32.2
26.3
6 . 9
3 .5
4.0
8 . 2
2 .7
1 . 4
1 .3
.6
7 . 5
9.8
11.5
31.2
18.1
20.1
16.4
22 .7
30.8
17.6
27.9
25.0
28.6
32.2
1-12
-------
Appendix I (Continued)
Table 1-13
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 EIGHT-CYLINDER. SUVS
MODEL SALES FUEL ECONOMY . WGHT ENGINE
YEAR (000) FRAC CITY' HWY 55/45 LB CID HP
1975 169 .905 11.6 14.6 12.8 4281 337 151
1976 199 . .816 12.0 15.6 13.4 4551 354 149
1977 234 .826 13.2 17.2 14.8 4423 348 152
1978 321 .843 12.6 16.5 14.1 4465 354 157
1979 323 .808 10.9 13.2 11.8 4825 353 151
1980 112 .605 12.4 16.4 13.9 4776 339 154
1981 78 .575 13.5 18.1 15.2 4790 329 150
1982 103 .634 14.5 19.7 16.4 4961 333 145
1983 116 .401 14.2 19.7 16.2 4962 339 148
1984 186 .298 13.4 18.6 15.4 4971 336 156'
1985 198 .269 13.6 19.1 15.6 4977 335 162
1986 194 .251 14.0 20.1 16.2 4981 330 159
1987 175 .200 13.8 19.6 15.9 5090 336 181
1988 194 .201 13.9 19.9 16.1 5115 338 183
1989 208 .224 13.8 20.1 16.0 5196 336 186
1990 170 .241 13.7' 20.8 16.2 5257 338 192
1991 91 .083 13.8 20.7 16.2 5293 339 199
1992 96 .096 13.5 20.4 15.9 5428 340 201
1993 237 .181 14.3 21.7 16.9 5019 334 209
1994 . 295 .186 14.5 21.4 17.0 5003 334 209
1995 378 .208 14.5 21.5 17.0 5066 334 206
1996 454 .241 14.8 22.3 17.5 4965 328 225
1997 728 .295 14.9 22.6 17.6 5084 323 228
1998 737 .286 14.6 22.3 17.3 5086 320 225
1999 804 .285 14.4 21.8 17.0 5288 325 240
2000 1000 .310 14.7 22.6 17.5 5235 313 244
PERCENT OF EIGHT-CYLINDER SUVs :
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
FRONT 4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
. ,
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
,.0
• .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. .0
87.
88.
86.
91.
66.
82.
84.
79.
80.
79.
71.
75.'
73 .
74.
76.
73.
70.
73.
47.
81.
82.
78.
75.
75.
77.
73.
5
0
7
9
3
4
3
9
8
4
7
2
9
9
0
o •
6
8
3
1
9
6
5
2
6
7
MANUAL
37
24
25
25
J3
14
9
8
4
6
3
3
2
2
3
2
1
1
1
1
.3
.4
.8
.1
.1
.9
.9
.9
.7
.4
.3
.6
.9
.6
.0
.0
.4
.3
. 9
.4
.2
.8
.1
.0
.0
.0
LOCK
41
59
57
67
49
55
72
69
70
73
86
89
98
99
98
98
99
99
100
100
100
.0
.0
.0
.0
.6
.4
.3
.5
.6
.3
.5
.9
.9
.9
.6
.9
.7
.2
.1
.6
.8
.2
.9
.0
.0
.0
FI
4
20
70
89
92
94
94
100
100
100
100
99
100
100
99
100
.0
.0
.0
,0'
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.5
.0
.4
.1
.9
.8
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.9
.0
.0
.9
.0
TBI
.0
.0
.0
,0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
S3 .7
60.1
60.0
62.1
64.0
69.3
50.6
51.4
58.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
PORT
20.
16.
29.
32,
32.
30.
30.
' 49
. 48
41.
99
100
100
99
100
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.7
.0
.9
.8
.1
.7
.4
.6
.7
.9
.0
.0
.9
.0
GARB
100
100
100.
100
- oo
100.
100.
75.
83.
92.
90.
76.
27.
9.
6
4
4,
.0
.0
.0
.0
( p
.0
. 0
.9
.3
.2
.6
.6
.8
.4
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
13.2 116
14.0 113
13.5 115
13.1 116
14.7 111
14.1 112
14.5 111
15.3 109
15.1 110
14.5 112
14.1 114
14.3 113
13.3 118
13.2 118
13.2 119
12.9 120
12.6 122
12.7 121
11.5 128
11.5 128
11.7 126
10.8 132
10.9 131
11.0 131
10.8 133
10.5 135
FOUR
DSL
.0
• .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
24.1
16.7
7.8
4.8
3.4
1.9
1.5
1.1
1.2
1.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.1
.0
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4.2
5.3
HP/ HP/
CID WT
.445 .0363
.421 .0334
.435 .0348
.442 .0356
.426 .0314
.453 .0323
.459 .0314
.441 .0296
.442 .0301
U67 .0315
.486 .0327
.484 .0321
.537 .0355
.541 .0357
.551 .0357
.569 .0367
.589 .0377
.591 .0371
.629 .0429
.629 .0431
.621 .0417
.687 .0458
.707 .0452
.707 .0447
.741 .0457
.783 , .0470
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL
23.1
11.5
12.5
12.0
11.9
6.6
2.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.7
.4
.0
.4
.0
.0
.0
MID
70.
80.
80.
82.
54.
73.
79.
78.
73.
73.
71.
69.
67.
64.
64.
57.
52.
31.
49.
47.
41.
51.
26.
22.
19.
21.
6
6
2
1
7
5
6
9
7
8
0
9
4
4
5
8
9
1
4
5
1
1
2
3
9
8
TON
-MPG
27.2
30.4
32.7
31.4
28.5
33.4
36.7
42.7
41.8
39.3
39.6
40.9
41.1
41.5
42.1
42.9
43.2
43.2
42.2
42.3
42.8
43.3
44.8
43 .9
44.9
45.7
LARGE
6
7
7
5
33
19
18
21
26
26
29
30
32
35
35
42
47
68
50
51
58
48
73
77
80
78
.3
.9
.3
.9
.5
.9
.0
.1
.3
.2
.0
.1
.6
.6
.5
.2
.1
.9
.6
.9
.4
.9
.4
.7
. 1
.2
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
99.
98.
97.
97.
95.
96.
98,
97,
94
94
96
97
91
95
.0
,0
0
,0
0
0
,0
0
0
,0
0
0
.0
.0
.9
.1
.9
.8
.1
.1
.5
.6
.1
.3
.6
.0
1.
2.
2.
2 .
4.
3.
1,
2,
5
5
'3
2
8
5
,0
,0
,0
.0
.0
0
,0
.0
0
,0
0
,0
0
,0
,1
,9
,1
,2
.9
.9
.5
.4
.3
.7
.4
.0
1-13
-------
Appendix I (Continued)
Table 1-14
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 "OTHER" CYLINDER PICKUP TRUCKS
SALES
(000)
3
4
2
FRAC
.002
.002
.001,
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
13.0
13.8
16.4
20.3
21.5
24.9
15.5
16.4
19.3
WGHT
LB
3000
3000
3000
ENGINE
CID HP
80
80
80
135
135
135
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
10.7 122
10.7 122
10.7 122
HP/
CID
1.688
1.688
1.688
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
.0450 23.3
.0450 24.7
.0450 29.1
PERCENT OF OTHER CYLINDER PICKUPS:
MODEL
YEAR
X975
1976
1977
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING FOUR VEHICLE SIZE
FI TBI PORT CARB DSL VALVE SMALL MID LARGE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
68.2
81.1
85.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 100.0
'. 0 100 . 0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
,.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
.0 100 .0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
1-14
-------
Appendix I (Continued)
Table 1-15
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 FOUR-CYLINDER PICKUP TRUCKS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES FUEL ECONOMY
(000) ' FRAC CITY HWY 55/45
214 .159 19.2 27.7 22.2
224 .120 20.4 29.6 23.7
304 .150 22.9 32.4 2J.4
339 .150 ,23.3 31.1 26.3
459 .208 20.5 28.3 23.4
550 .383 21.8 29,2 24.6
497 .346 24.5 33.0 27.7
485 .337 24.6 33.0 27.8
707 .434 24.4 32.8 27.6
795 .389 24.1 32.3 27.2
819 .394 ,24.3 32.5 27.4
1256 .496 23.8 32.3 27.0
1064 .496 23.7 32.7 27.1
913 .371 23.8 32.5 27.1 .
773 .347 23.6 32.2 26.8
554 .302 23.9 32.4 27.1
632 .329 24.0 32.8 27.3
471 ..256 23.7 32.7 27.1
478 .239 23.9 33 .0 27.3
706 .273 9 33.1 27.3
653 .288 23.4 32.5 26.8
.. 556 , .284 23.4 33.3 . 27.0
465 .193 23.9 33.5 27.5
616 .255 23.4 33.3 27.0
• 536 .183 22.5 32.0 25.9
429 .159 23.0 32.7 26.5
OF FOUR-CYLINDER PICKUPS:
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL
FRONT
.0
.0
.0
.'0
.0
4 .8
6.7
6.6
4.3
1.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4WD
6.
20.
20.
23.
23.
18.
20.
22.
19.
17.
15.
15.
13.
12,
13.
14,
12.
15.
9
5,
11
10
9
.0
.0
.0
.9
.5
.2.
.0
.4
.9
.6
.4
.8
.3
.2
,3
.1
.4
.8
.8
.2
.3
.8
.8
.1
:i
.6
MANUAL
83.
81,
82.
88.
88,
89.
93.
90,
86.
88.
84.
85.
84.:
84.
84,
84.
85
86
86
85
79
76
78
66
42
68
.5
.4
.3
.1
.1
.9
.1
.8
.3
.9
.6
.9
.5'
.9
.9
.9
.3
.8
.8
.2
.9
.6
.0
.9
.6
.5
LOCK
2
1
2,
8
7
7.
9
10
12
12
10
9
11
17
18
22
27
51
26
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.3
.4
.5
.8
.9
.9
.3
.6
.9
.0
.1
.9
.2
.0
.6
.0
.1
.8
.5
' FI
2
1
2
29
36
38
57
71
80
90
87
91
97
100
100
100
100
100
100
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.7
.8
.7
.2
.5
.0
.9
.5
.1
.2
.1
.3
.4
.2
.1
.0,
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
2817 116 88
2826 117 .. 89
2819 122 91
2844 120 88
2832 123 84
2818 124 87
2841 130 85
2885 133 . 87
2921 135 88
2973 134 89
3034 141 97
3054 139 97
3050 140 96
3070 142 97
3084 143 102
3096 144 110
3119 145 108
3194 143 110
3210 143 112
3333 141 113
3425 147 124
3420 142 124
3457 140 120
3462 145 127
3473 145 128
3448 144 128
METERING
TBI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
22.6
26.8
29.7
36.6
10.5
23.0
9.8
4.2
.4
2.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
PORT
14.
11.
27.
34.
69.
67.
77,
•87,
96.
97.
100
100
100
100
100
0
.0
0
0
0
0
.0
0
.0
0
0
.3
.7
.3
.5
,5
,3
.6
.0
.7
.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
GARB
100.
100.
100.
100.
100,
95.
81.
83.
94.
93.
69.
62.
61,
42.
28.
19.
9
12,
8.
2
.0
.0
.0
.0
t\
.2
.9
,9
. 1
. 3
p 3
.3
.1
.9
.8
.9
.7
.6
.8
.9
.0
.0.
.0
.0
.0
.0
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
14.7 105
14.6 105
14.2 106
14.7 104
14.9 103
14.5 104
15.1 103
14.9 104
14.8 104
14.9 104
14.0 107
14.2 106
14.2 106
14.2 106
13.7 108
13.0 111
13.2 110
13.3 110
13.2 111
13.4 110
12.8 113
12.8 113
13 .2 111
12.7 114
12.7 114
12.6 115
FOUR
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
2.0
16.3
15.4
5.7
4.2
1.7
.7
.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
• .0
• .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2
17.7
19.3
.5
35.5
39.3
40.1
HP/ HP/
CID . WT
.750 .0314
.757 .0318
.748 .0324
.731 .0310
.692 .0300
.705 .0311
.652 .0298
.657 .0304
.651 .0303
.661 .0300
.693 .0322
.696 .0318
.686 .0316
.685 .0317
.710 .0331 '
.765 .0356
.749 .0349
.767 .0347
.782 .0351
.799 .0342
.848 .0365
.871 .0366
.853 .0349
.877 .0370
.883 .0371
.894 .0375
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL
73
75
78
77
77
82
73
70
43
52
60
55
39
33
34
40
39
42
51
41
38
33
28
35
39
40
.8
.6
.4
.8
.9
.2
.8
.2
.6
.9
.6
.8
.1
.2
.8
.3
.1
.0
.7
.3
.6
.7
.1
.4
.3
.1
TON
-MPG
31.4
33.7
37.5
37.8
33.8
35.2
40.1
40.7
40.7
40.9
41.8
41.4
41.5
41.8
41.5
42.1
42.7
43.3
43.9
45 .
46.2
46.5
47.8
47.0
45.3
46.1
MID LARGE
26
24
21
22
22
17
26
29
56
47
39
42
60
66
65
59
60
58
48
58
56
64
71
64
60
59
.2
.4
.6
.2
.1
.7
.2
.8
.4
.1 .
.4
.5
.5
.7
.1
.6
.9
.0
.3
.4
,0
.9
.4
.5
.7
.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.7
.4
.1
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.2
5.4
1.4
.5
.1
.0
.0
DESIGNED
DOM
10
33
19
27
20
26
41
39
32
41
35
35
53
51
64
71
64
60
59
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2
.7
.3
.5
.9
.4
.4
.7
.2
.6
.3
.4
.2
.1
.9
.8
.4
.5
.7
.9
IMPORT
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
99.
89.
66.
80.
72.
79.
73.
58.
60.
67.
58
64,
64
46
48
35
28
35
39
40
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
3
7
5
1
.6
.6
.3
.8
.4
.7
.6
.8
.9
.1
.2
.6
.5
.3
.1
1-15
-------
Table 1-16
Appendix I (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 SIX-CYLINDER PICKUP TRUCKS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PE1CENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
144
272
254
346
355
387
472
480
484
687
591
600
631
746
732
593
769
792
916
991
679
628
673
728
1118
727
FRAC
.107
.146
.125
.153
.161
.269
.328
.333
.297
.336
.284
.237
.294
.304
.328
.323
.400
.430
.458
.382
.299
.321
.280
.301
.382
.271
FUEL ECONOMY WGHT VOL ENGINE
CITY HWY 55/45 LB CU-FT CID HP
15.2 20.3 17.1 4020
16.7 22.4 18.9 4007
17.1 22.1 19.0 4044
16.6 21.6 I*. 5 40b4
15.8 20.0 17.5 4173
16.9 22.8 19.1 4027
17.8 24.0 20.1 3934
19.0 26.3 21.7 3578
18.7 26.6 21.6 3653
18.2 25.8 21.0 3676
18.8 26.6 21.7 3588
18.5 25.6 21.1 3705
18.6 26.4 21.4 3647
18.5 26.6 21.4 3695
18.1 25.8 20.9 3869
18.1 26.2 21.0 3959
18.7 27.6 21.9 3807
18.1 26.9 21.2 3950
18.2 27.0 21.3 3944
18.- 26.9 21.3 3980
17.7 26.4 20.8 4122
18.0 26.5 21.0 4104
18.3 27.2 21.5 4101
18.2 26.8 21.3 4065
17.8 25.5 20.6 4101
17.9 26.1 20.9 4137
.0 270
.0 267
.0 271
.0 274
.0 266
.0 271
.0 274
.0 236
.0 228
.0 227
.0 227 ,
.0 228
.0 222
.0 229
.0 239
.0 240
.0 236
.0 242
.0 239
.0 145
.0 256
.0 249
.'0 247
.0 238
.0 229
.0 231
103
103
109
116
122
121
120
113
112
110
117
129
136
142
145
147
147
146
150
160
161
168
186
180
177
177
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
17.
16,
16
15,
15
14
14
14
14
14
14
13
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
11
12
11
10
11
11
11
.0 101
.9 101
.2 103
.5 106
.1 107
.8 107
.6 108
.2 108
.6 107
.8 106
.0 109
.3 113
.5 116
.2 117
.5 117
.5 117
.2 118
.6 117
.4 118
.8 121
.1 120
.7 122
.8 128
.0 126
.2 125
.3 125
HP/
CID
.384
.389
.405
.428
.464
.451
.444
.502
.516
.510
.535:
.604
.638
.644
.627
.637
.641
.622
.645
.670
.645
.688
.753
.759
.777
.772
HP/
WT
.0256
.0257
.0272
.0287
.0294
.0300
. 030'6
.0321
.0310
.0304
.0327
.0354
.0378
.0.388
.0378
.0376 .
.0390
.0375 .
.0384
.0407
.0396
.0412
.0453 .
.0443
.0431
.0429
TON
-MPG
34.7
38.0
38.8
37.8
36.8
38.7
39.8
39.0
39.6
38.7
38.9
39". 1
39.0
39.5
40.6
41.7
41.6 .
41.9
42.0
42.4
42.8
-1 ^ .2
44.0
43.2
42.2
43.1
OF SIX-CYLINDER PICKUPS:
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
.0
.0
.0
• .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
3.3
5.3
10.8
11.4
11.7
12.6
10.2
8.9
23.5
25.8
26.8
30.7
33.1
34.3
33.6
30.0
25.8
23.2
24.2
28.8
28.1
27.2
21.7
28.9
52.4
31.7
TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
MANUAL LOCK FI TBI PORT CARS
16.3 .0 -0 .0
35.3 .0 .0 .0
29.6 .0 .0 .0
30.9 .0 .0 .0
61.4 2.4 .0 .0
65.4 19.5 .0 .0
61.1 21.9 .0 .0
56.6 30.2 .0 .0
53.0 32.1 .0 .0
49.8 30.5 .0 .0
52.4 33.5 1.1 1.1
53.0 30.9 50.1 26.8
46.1 45.7 81.5 31.2
49.8 42.0 100.0 46.1
51.5 43.8 100.0 47.3
46.3 50.3 100.0 37.8
51.7 48.3 100.0 56.4
48.6 51.4 100.0 43.6
45.3 54.7 100.0 41.5
39.6 60.4 100.0 30.8
42.7 57.3 100.0 30.4
33.5 66.5 100.0 .0
28.0 72.0 100.0 .0
28.2 71.8 100.0 .0
38.0 62.0 100.0 .0
29.3 70.7 100.0 .0
.0 100.
.0 100.
.0 100.
.0 99.
.0 99.
.0 99.
.0 100.
.0 100,
.0 100
.0 100
.0 98
23.3 49
50.4 18
53.9
52.7
62.2
43.6
56.4
58.5
69.2
69.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0
0
0
7
2
,8,
.0
.0
.0
.0
.9
.9
.5
.0
. 0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.3
.8
.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR ,
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.4
10.1
4.2
7.2
5.0
6.6
VEHICLE SIZE DESIGNED
SMALL MID LARGE DOM IMPORT
.0
.0
.0
.0 .
.0
.0
0 100.
0. 100.
0 100.
0 100.
0 100.
0 100.
...4 .0 99.
1.2 35.5 63.
.8 45.9 53.
.5 47.7 51.
.0 49.8 50.
7.0 42
3.9 64
4.9 59
11.6 52
11.1 45
8.1 60
6.8 51
1.7 52
6.7 53
6.8 45
5.3 50
.0 47
5.8 54
23.0 42
10.5. 49
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100.0
0 100 ,'0
0 100..0
0 100.0
6 100.0
3 100.0
2 100.0
8 100.0
2 100.0
.3 50.7 93.0
.7 31.4 96.1
.7 35.3 95.1
.2 36.2 88.0
.5 43.4 88.4
.4 31.5 91.1
.,9 41.3 92..7
.4 45.9 91.5
.6 39.7 92.0
.0 48.2 93.2
.9 43
.2 52
.5 39
.5 34
.3 40
.8 89.9
.8 95.8
.8 92.8
.5 77.0
.2 87.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
'.0
.0
.0
7.0
3.9
4.9
12.0
11.6
8.9
7.3 .
8.5
8.0
6.8
10.1
4.2
7.2
23.0
12 .8
1-16
-------
Appendix I (Continued)
Table 1-17
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 EIGHT-CYLINDER PICKUP TRUCKS
MODEL SALES FUEL ECONOMY
YEAR (000) FRAC CITY HWY 55/45
1975 982 .732 11.1 15.2 12 . 6
1976 1367 .732 11.8 15.4 13.2
1977 1466 .723 13.0 16.6 14.4
1978 1582 .698 12.7 16.0 14.0
1979 1392 .631 12.5 15.5 13.6
1980 500 .348 14.2 18.8 15.9
1981 470 .326 15.3 20.7 17.4
1982 476 .331 15.7 21.1 17.8
1983 437 .269 15.2 20.7 17.2
1984 561 .275 14.8 20.4 16.9
1985 668 .321 14.7 20.1 16.7
1986 675 .267 15.2 21.0 17.4
1987. 451 .210 14.8 20.6 17.0
1988 800 .325 15.1 21.6 17.5
1989 726 .326 15.0 21.8 17.5
1990 687 .375 14.8 21.9 17.3
1991 519 .271 14.7 22.0 17.3
1992 577 .313 14.8 22.3 17.4
1993 608 .304 15.0 22.7 17.7
1994 894 .345 15.0 22.4 17.6
1995 939 .414 14.7 22.1 17.3'
1996 771 .394 15.0 22.7 17.7
1997 1268 .527 15.5 23.5 18.3
1998 1069 .443 15.1 23.3 18.0
1999 1270 .434 15.2 22.8 17.9
2000 1533 .570 15.7 23.7 18.5,
PERCENT OF EIGHT -CYLINDER PICKUPS:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
FRONT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.^
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4WD
18
27
27
34
10
23
17
20
25
29
27
30
34
38
38
38
38
40
43
46
48
45
52
52
44
48
.0
.5
.7
.7
.2 '
. 5
.0
.7
.6
.1
.8
.2
.1
.1
.8
. 0
.5
.7
.0
.0
.9
.0
.2
.6
.8
.2
MANUAL
35
32
27
27
^8
19
16
13
11
12
10
11
14
13
18
14
12
12
8
5
9
5
4
4
8
4
.4
.4
.3
.9
.6
.5
.8
.7
.5
.8
.3
.9
.4
.4
.8
.0
.7
.5
.1
.9
.4
.3
.6
.1
.4
.1
LOCK
1.
47.
62.
56.
66.
65.
64.
72.
54.
69,
'72 ,
79.
85.
87.
91
94
90
94
95
95
91
95
.0
.0
.0
.0
.5
.9
.2
.5
,5
,7
.4
.0
.8
,4
_ 3_
.1
.3
.4
.9
.1
.6
.7
.4
.9
.6
.9
FI
13.
32.
75.
98.
99.
99
99
99.
100
100
100
99
99
99
100
100
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.2
..3
.8
.5
.5
.4
.6
.0
.0
.0
.5
.9
.9
.0
.0
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
4274 353 158
4360 359 155
436S 360 164
4386 353 162
4566 346 156
4532 331 150 '
4311 312 143
4437 317 150
4430 317 152
4463 316 154
4437 315 159
4424 311 157
4482 320 169
4537 329 180
4502 330 184
4572 335 189
4542 331 190
4652 330 190
4691 331 200
4715 334 205
4751 333 201
4815 332 226
4933 318 228
4902 323 232
4896 319 238
4902 316 244
METERING
TBI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
45.3
71.4
70.2
69.3
68.7
55.4
54.9
54.4
49.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
PORT
32
30
27
29
30
30
44
45
45
.50
99
99
99
100
100
.0
.0
-0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2
.0
.4
.3
.2
.8
.2
.1
.6
.1
.5
.9
.9
.0
. 0
CARB
100.
100
100.
98.
96
90
95.
84.
, 92
96
85
66
24
.0
.0
.0
.4
. Z
. -3
.5
.6
.9
.1
.1
.8
.1
.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ . TON
TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
12.7 118 .446 .0373 27.3
13.1 116 .430 .0358 29.0
12.6 119 .457 .0378 31.7
12.7 118 .460 .0373 31.1
13.8 115 .449 .0344 31.7
13.9.113 .453 .0333 36.8
13.8 113 .461 .0334 37.8
13.7 114 .475 .0341 40.5
13.5 114 .483 .0346 39.1
13.4 115 .489 .0347 38.3
13.0 117 .506 .0361 37.4
13.1 116 .503 .0356 38.7
12.6 119 .527 .0379 38.2
12.1 122 .544 .0397 39.8
11.9 124 .556 .0411 39.4
11.8 124 .561 .0414 39.7
11.6 125 .573 .0420 39.4
11.9 124 .573 .0410 40.6
11.3 127 .606 .0429 41.7
11.2 128 .614 .0436 41.5
11.4 127 .606 .0425 41.2
10.5 133 .680 ..0470 42.6
10.6 133 .721 .0465 45.1
10.4 134 .723 .0477 44.1
10.2 136 .751 .0490 43.9
10.0 138 .775 .0499 45.5
FOUR VEHICLE SIZE
DSL
.0
.0
.0
1.6
3.7
9.6
4.5
15.4
7.1
3.9
1.8
1.0
.6
.6
.5
.5
.6
.4
.0
.0
.0
.5
.1
.1
.0
.0
VALVE SMALL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0.
.0
.0
.0
.0
4.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
•0
.0
MID
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2
.0
4.7
5.4
5.3
2.9
3 .1
2.3
3.2
3 .4
3.9
4.0
LARGE
100
100
100
100
1C 0
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
99
100
95
94
94
97
96
97
96
96
96
96
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.8
.0
.3
.6
.7
.1
.9
.7
.8
.6
.1
.0
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100,
100.
100.
100
100.
100
100
100
100
100
95
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.0
.0
.0
,0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
. 0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4.3
1-17
-------
-------
Table J-l
Appendix J
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 TWO-VALVE CARS
MODEL
YEAR
1986
, 1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
10490
9155
8601
7575
5906
5593
5367
5458
4976
4402
3384
3468
2953
3055
3040
FUEL ECONOMY
FRAC
.952
.853
.801
.756
.670
.656
.662
.645
.591
.468
.429
.416
.371
.355
.352
OF TWO-VALVE
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
70.4
74.2
78.4
79.8
82.9
81.5
81.3
83.2
80.4
78.9
78.9
82.1
83.4
80.5
80.8
4WD
1.1
1.2
.8
.7
.4
.3
.6
1.0
.7
.1
.5
.5
.1
.0
.0
CITY HWY 55/45
23.6 35.4
23.2 :35.3
23.6 36.1
23.0 35.8'
22.4 35.5
22.5 35.8
22.2 35.8
23.0 36.8
22.6 36.5
22.5 37.1'
22.5 36.9
22.8 37.2
22.4 36.9
22.4 36.6
22.3 37.3
CARS:
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
22.8 59.2
20.7 61.2
'19.4 68.7
15.2 72.4
11.1 78.5
11.5 80.6
10.1 81.6
11.7 82.1
10.8 84.3
11.1 88.0
11.2 87.3
10.5 88.1
10.1 89.8
12.7 87.3
11.4 88.5
27.8
27.4
27.9
27.4
26.9
27.0
26.8
27.6
27.3
27.3
27.3
27.6
27.2
27.2
27.4
FUEL
FI
65.1
77.4
90.0
94 .4
99.4
99.8
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.9
99.9
99.6
99.1
99.3
WGHT VOL ,
' LB CU-FT
3053 108.0
3085 108.5
3109 109.2
3180 110.5
3292 111.2
3271 111.2
3333 112.4
3259 111.7
3322 111.6
3364 112.9
3394 112.1
3358 112.5
3382 111.5
3412 111.5
3479 112.3
METERING
TBI PORT
29.9 35.3
35.8 41.7
35.2 54.8
31.0 63.4
25.0 ' 74.4
25.9 73.9
12.8 87.1
11.1 88.9
8.7 91.3
2.5 97.5
2.6 97.3
1.9 98.0
.4 99.2
.3 98.7
.0 99.3
ENGINE
CID HP
170 111
171 115
171 118
177 123
182 129
184 134
190 142
183 137
188 141
194 155
193 157
188 157
194 164
194 163
196 170
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
13.2 111
13.0 112
12.8 113
12.6 115
12.4 116
12.1 118
11.7 120
11.8 119
11.7 120
11.1 124
11.0 125
10.9 125
10.5 128
10.7. 127
10.4 129
FOUR
CARB DSL VALVE
34.6
22.3
10.0
5.6
.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. 0
. j
.3 .0
.3 .0
.0 .0
.1 .0
.1 .0
.2 .0
.1 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
.1 .0
.1 .0
.4 .0
.9 .0
.7 .0
HP/
CID
.687
.706
.719
.723
.732
.749
.770
.765
.765
.808
.823
.842
.850
.847
.879
VEHICLE "
HP/
WT
.0357
.0367
.0375
.0382
.0389
.0405
.0421
.0414
.0419
.0453
.0457
.0461.
.0479
.0472
.0484
TON
-MPG
42. .
42.5
43.6
43.7
44.4
44.4
44.7
45.1
45.5
46.1
46.4
46.4
46.2
46.6
47.7
CU-FT
-MPG
3064
3034
3111
3077
3031
3058
3054
3134
3099
3144
3103
3138
3069
3070
3099
CU-FT-
TON-MPG
46^2
4625
4776
4843
4948
4951
5050
5064
5092
5220,
.. 5215
5227
5156
.5199
.5374
-•"•! DESIGNED
SMALL hj.D LARGE
57.5 29
57.4 28
57.9 26
46.9 35
42.1 38
45.4 36
44.1 32
47.7 33
48.0 30
42.1 37
41.7 38
41.7 36
40.2 41
45.0 34
42.5 24
.3 13.1
.5 14.1
.3 15.9
.4 17.7
.9 18.9
.0 18.6
.7, 23.2
.3 18.9
.4 21.6
.1 20.9
.6 19.7
.1 22.2
.3 18.6
.2 20.8
.8 32.7
DOM
71.7
72.2
75.0
79.6
82.7
84.8
84.8
89.7
84.6
92.4
91.0
91.6
94.3
92.0
92.9
EUR
'6.5
7.4
6.9
6.3
6.0
5 .1
3 .9
2.1
2.2
3 .6
5.2
4 .6
5.1
7.6
. 7.0
ASIA
21.8
20.4
18 .1
14 .2
11.3
10.2
11.3
8.2
13 .2
4 .0
3.8
3.8
.6
.4
.0
J-l
-------
Table J-2
Appendix J
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO.2000 THREE-VALVE CARS
MODEL
YEAR
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
349
975
1017
1161
639
526
330
225
163
102
74
71
119
152
7.02
FRAG
.032
.091
.095
.116
.073
.062
.041
.027
.019
.011
.009
.009
.015
.018
.023
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
27.9
30.2
28.2
26.8
27.0
27.7
26.8
30.7
30.8
32.0
31.4
32.0
26.8
25.2
22.6
39.8
41.4
39.4
38.5
39.0
39.4
38.1
42.1
41.4
45.9
45.2
47.0
41.1
39.3
35.6
32.2
34.4
32.4
31.0
,31.4
32.0
30.9
35.0
34.9
37.1
36.4
37.4
31.8
30.1
27.1
WGHT
LB
2668
2524
2689
2788
2738
2692
2785
2472
2501
2475
2478
2500
3116
3256
3685
VOL
C0-FT
96.7
93.4
99.4
100.3
98.5
100.7
,101.5
96.5
97.4
99.6
100.7
100.6
104.6
99.9
104.7
ENGINE
CID HP
115
101
109
117
117
111
120
93
95
90
91
90
138
158
196
102
82
93
105
106
102
112
92
92
91
91
91
150
168
208
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
12.3 112
14.4 104
13 .6 108
12.5 112
12.3 113
12.5 112
12.0 114
12.6 110
12.8 109
12 .,7 109
12.7 109
12.7 109
11.1 124
10.6 129
9.8 138
HP/
CID
.888
.799
.850
.902
.911
.928
.938
.984
.962
1.004
1.002
1.006
1.058
1.052
1.058
HP/
WT
.0382
.0322
.0343
.0375
.0385
.0377
.0396
.0370
.0364
.0368
.0367
.0364
.0459
.0491
.0541
TON
-MPG
43.1
43.6
43.7
43.5
43.2
43.2
43.1
43.5
43.7
46.0
45.1
47.0
49.2
48.7
49.7
C0-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON -MPG
3117
3223
3247
3156
3139
3254
3200
3421
3445
3705
3670
3778
3390
3110
2928
4180
4069
4347
'4366
4259
4353
4387
4198
4260
458.0
4544
4723
5166
4891
5231
PERCENT OF THREE-VALVE CARS:
MODEL
YEAR
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
100.0
99.4
95.9
92.2
89.0
98.2
90.9
99.1
93.8
100.0
100.0
lOO'.O
55. 0
45.9
27.7
.0
.6
1.3
.1
.8
1.2
.1
.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4.0
6.2
T._^(SMI
MANUAL
60.5
53.7
49.8
44.5
49.1
41.9
40.1
52.1
46.0
35.8
32.1
38.8
18.3
14.0
12.1
SSION
LOCK
39.5
46.3
50.1
54.5
46.5
51.0
59.9
28.7
33.9
35.7
38.3
61.2
81.7
86.0
87.9
FUEL
FI
48
18
27
70
86
99
99
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100.
.4
.9
.7
.0
.1
.5
.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
0
METERING
TBI PORT
.0
.0
21.2
25.7
13.7
.0
7.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
48
18
27
48
60
85
99
92
100
100
100
100
100
100
100.
.4
.9
.7
.9
.4
.8
.8
.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
0
CARB
51.6
81.1
72.3
30.0
13.9
.5
.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
0
.0
.0
EOUR
DSL VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID
100
100
86
89
84
80
80
100
93
100
100
100
67
69
50 .
.0
.0
.5
.1
.1
.3
.6
.0
.3
.0
.0
.0
.3
.5
7
.0
.0
13.5
10.9
15.9
19.7
19.4
.0
6.7
.0
.0
.0
32.7
30.5
28.5
LARGE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. .0
.0
.0
.0
.0 •
.0
.0
.0
.0
20.8
DESIGNED
DOM EUR
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
,0
.0
.0
.0
.0
45.0
54.1
72.3
ASIA
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 .0
100.0
100 .0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 .0
100.0
55.0
45.9
27.7
J-2
-------
Table J-3
Appendix J
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 ^FOUR-VALVE CARS
MODEL
YEAR
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000) .
176
601
1117
1282
2264
2405
2411
2773
3275
. 4892
4432
4787
4825
5264
5152
FRAC
.016
.056
.104
.128
.257
.282
.297
.328
.389
.521
.562
.574
.606
.612
.597
FUEL
CITY
23.9
25.9
26.7
26.2
25.3
25.6
24.9
24.5
24.5
24.5
24.3
24.2
24.6
24.1
24.0
ECONOMY
HWY 55/45
34.7
37.2
38.2
37.7
36.4
36.8
37.0
36.9
37.3
38.0
37.9
38.0
38.5
37.9
37.6
27.8
30.0
30.9
30.4
29.3
29.6
29.2
28.9
29.0
29.1
29.0
29.0
29.3
28.8
28.7
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
3032 89.0
3025 98.4
28S9 97.1
2901 97.9
2997 98.6
2983 97.8
3094 100.3
3165 102.9
3177 103 .5
3188 105.1
3209 106.7
3224 106.0
3261 '107.0
3337 108.2
3317 108.7
ENGINE
CID HP
125 144
123 126
120 119
120 ,124
125 133
125 133
130 140
138 145
140 148
144 151
145 153
147 156
146 156
151 165
151 167
0-60 TOP HP/ HP/
TIME SPD CID WT
10.6 124 1.150 .0470
11.8 118 1.026 .0413
12.0 116 .983 .0405
11.5 118 1.027 .0422
11.3 120 1.060 .0437
11.2 121 1.071 .0441
11.1 122 1.077 .0446
11.0 123 1.052 .0451
10.9 124 1.060 .0457
10.6,125 1.066 .0469
10.7 126 1.060 .0470
• 10.6 127 1.069 .0477
10.6 126 1.075 .0473
10.4 129 1.094 .0489
10.2 130 1.111 .0499
TON
-MPG
42.5
45.8
44 .9
44.3
44.1
44.4
45.4
46.0
46.2
46.6
46.6
46 .8
48.0
48.2
47.7
CU-FT
-MPG
2487
3021
3063
3029
2933
2953
2986
3029
3049
3106
3131
3110
3177
3153
3154
CU-FT-
TON-MPG
3754
4518
4367
4340
4357
4356
4561
4726
4783
4897
4980
4973
5138
5223
5192
OF FOUR-VALVE CARS:
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
56.6
84.6
94.2
90.0
88.0
84.1
78.4
87.7
90.1
84.3
92.2
89.7
90.6
90.5
89.5
4WD
.0
.0
.8
3.1
2.5
3.9
2.3
1.6
.1
2.1
2.3
2.6
2.9
2.6
2.9
TRANSMISSION
MANb
72.2
43.4
38.1
33.7
33.7
36.8
30.6
27.1
24.2
20.5
17.4
15.2
13.1
13 .7
14 .6
LOCK
23.1
54.8
60.9
64.5
65.7
62.0
67.1
70.6
73.9
77.3
81.4
84.6
86.4
85.4
84 .2
FUEL
FI
100.0
93.2
86 .'5
84.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.9
99.9 .
99.9
99.9
99.9
100.0
METERING
TBI PORT
.0 100.0
.0 93.2
;17.4 69.1
15.6 68.5
9.6 90.4
14.3 85.7
6.4 93.6
3.4 96.6
.0 100.0
.0 99.9
.0 99.9
.0 99.9
.0 99.9
.0 99.9
.2 99.8
FOUR VEHICLE SIZE
CARB DSL VALVE SMALL MID LARGE
.0
6.8
13.5
15.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 100.0 94,8 .0 5.2
.0 100.0 97.7 .0 2.3
.0 100. .0 98.7 .1 1.2
.0 100. 0 97.4 1.8 .8
.0 100.0 94.2 5.5 .3
.0 100.0 94.8 4.9 .4
.0 100.0 80.9 18.2 1.0
. 0 100 .0 72 .4 24 .4 • 3.2
.0 100.0 72.8, 20.5 6.7
.1 100.0 70.2 21.7 8.1
.1 100.0 63.2 27.6 9.2
. 1 100. .0 64.0 '27.1 8.9
.1 100.0 54.7 37.8 7.5
.1 100.0 49.1 40.9 10.0
.0 100.0 '47.7 40.5 11.8
DESIGNED
DOM
.0
.0
10.7
13 .7
5.3
2.2
7.1
7.5
14.5
29.2
33 .5
29.6
33.3
34.1
27.9
EUR
27.9
'1.3
7.5
5.9
3.6
4.4
5 .1
6.4
7.0
7.1
5.2
7.8
7.3
8 .3
11.7
ASIA
72 . 1
?8 . 7
81.7
80 .4
91.0
93,4
87 .8.
86 . 1
78 .5
63.7
61.3
62.6
59.3
57.6
60 .3
J-3
-------
Table J-4
Appendix J
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 FIVE-VALVE CARS
MODEL
YEAR
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
0
0
9
71
137
239
FRAC
.000
.000
.001
.009
.016
.028
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
11.1 19.2 13.7
11.1 19.6 13.8
21.4 35.7 26.1
21.3 36.3 26.1
21.3 35.9 26. D
22.3 35.0 26.7
WGHT
LB
4000
3500
3352
3592
3592
3459
VOL
CU-FT
50.0
50.0
98.0
108.9
110.0
108.0
ENGINE
CID HP
213 375
213 375
116 166
142 175
147 177
134 176
0-60
TIME
6.1
5.5
10.4
10.2
10.1
10.0
TOP
SPD
191
203
129
130
130
131
HP/
CID
1.761
1.761
1.403
1.257
1.229
1.331
HP/
WT
.0937
.1071
.0494
.0487
.0494
.0506
TON
-MPG
27.3
24.1
45.2
47.4
47.0
46.3
CU-FT
-MPG
683
689
2697
2890
2896
2911
CU-FT-
TON-MPG
1366
1207
4502
5179
5184
5019
PERCENT OF FIVE-VALVE CARS:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT CARB
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
.0
.0
29.6
46.1
53.3
66.3
.0
.0
63.4
53.2
46.3
33.4
100.0
100.0
39.4
35.9
34.7
33.8
.0
.0
60.6
63.8
65.2
66.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0.
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
DSL VALVE
'..0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
c VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL
100,
100
100
42
36
53
.0
.0
.0
.1
.9
.8
MID LARGE
57
63
45
.0
.0
.0
.9
.1
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.0
DESIGNED
DOM
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
EUR ASIA
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100,
0
.0
.0
.0
,0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
J-4
-------
Table J-5
Appendix J
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000" TWO-VALVE VANS
MODEL SALES FUEL ECONOMY
YEAR (000) FRAC CITY HWY 55/45
1994 1346 .964 18.3 27.3 21.5
1995 1586 .955 18.4 27.9 21.7
1996 1328 .943 18.7 28.5 22.1
1997 1164 .936 . 18.5 28.3 21.9
1998 1333 .896 18.9 29.4 22.5
1999 1318 .861 18.2 28.5 21.8
2000 1172 .797 18.6 28.8 22.1
PERCENT OF TWO-VALVE VANS:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL
YEAR
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
FRONT
54.
62.
73.
63,
76.
71.
69.
.9
.1
.9
.3
.9
,2
.2
4WD MANUAL
4
7
2
4
3
2
4
.4
.9
.1
.6
.0
.9
.7
.4
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
LOCK
97.
98.
98.
99,
100.
100,
100.
.4
.2
.3
.5
.0
.0
.0
FI
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/
LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT
4164 228 160 • 12.4 119 .714 .0383
4126 235 159 12.4 119 .694 .0387
4215 225 172 11.8 122 .777 .0409
4269 225 17S 11.8 123 .787 .0411
4207 223 181 11.3 125 .818 .0431
4356 232 185 11.4 125 .807 .0425
4356 230 184 11.5 125 .807 .0423
METERING FOUR VEHICLE SIZE
TBI
19.8
13.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
PORT CARB
80.
86.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
.2
.8
.0'
.0
,0
,0
,0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL VALVE SMALL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 '
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.3
.0
• .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
MID
91
93'
91
88
90
85
8.
.3
.4
.8
.1
.1
.8
TON
-MPG
45.0
45.0
46.8
46.9
47.5
47.5
48.3
LARGE
8
•6
8
11
9
14
1. '.
.3
.6
.2
.9
.9
.2
. 6
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
91.
90.
92.
90.
98.
93.
93.
.9
.3
,3
.1
.0
,1
5
8,
9
7.
9.
2.
6.
6.
.1
.7
.7
.9
.0
.9
.5
Table J-6
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 THREE-VALVE VANS
MODEL
YEAR
1994
1995
-1996
1997
SALES
(000)
30
16
14
13
FRAC
.022
.010
.010
.011
FUEL
CITY
18.5
17. 7
17.6
17.5
ECONOMY
HWY 55/45
27.9 21.8
26.8 20.9
26.7 20.8
26.1 20.5
WGHT
LB
3954
4089
4133
4178
ENGINE
CID
175
180
180
180
HP
149
152
152
152
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
12.5 117
12.6 117
12.7 117
12.8 116
HP/
CID
.854
.844
.844
.844
HP/
WT
.0379
.0372
.0369
.0365
TON
-MPG
43 .0
42.7
42.9
42.9
PERCENT OF THREE-VALVE VANS:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT
FOUR VEHICLE SIZE DESIGNED
CARB DSL VALVE SMALL MID LARGE DOM IMPORT
1994 .0 96.0 1.6 98.4 100.0 .0 100.0 .0 .0 .0 12.1 87.9 .0 .0 100.0
1995 .0 100.0 .0 100.0 100.0 .0 100.0 .0 .0 .0 .0 100.0 .0 .0 100.0
1996 .0 26.6 .0 100.0 100.0 .0 100.0 .0 .0 .0 . .0 100.0 .0 .0 100.0
1997 .0 35.6 .0 100.0 100.0 .0 100.0 .0 .0 .0 .0 100.0 .0 .0 100.0
J-5
-------
Appendix J
Table J-7
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
19
59
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT OF FOUR-VALVE VANS:
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 FOUR-VALVE VANS
FUEL ECONOMY WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
FRAG CITY HWY 55/45 LB CID HP TIME SPD. CID WT -MPG
.014 19.7 28.3 2" 8 3893 144 137 13.2 114 .953 .0353 44.5
.036 21.4 29.7 24.5 3679 138 145 12.0 118 1.051 .0395 45.0
66
66
154
213
299
.047
.053
.104
.139
.203
21.5
21.6
20.8
20.6
20.2
30.6
30.7
31.6
32.1
31.7
24.8
24.9
24.6
24.6
24.1
3817
3831
3975
4128
4206
142
142
167
180
187
149
144
171
182
189
12.1 118
12.5 116
11.3 124
11.1 126
10.9 128
1.050
1.008
1.027
1.013
1.016
.0392
.0375
.0431
.0441
.0450
47.5
47.8
49.1
50.8
50.7
MODEL
YEAR
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT GARB
FOUR • VEHICLE SIZE
DSL VALVE SMALL MID LARGE
12.8
57.1
87.7
92.7
90.3
100.0
100.0
15.1
15.7
3.5
1.9
96.5
98.1
.8
.0
.6
.0
.0
.1 99.9
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100..0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
12.8
10.3
87.2 .0
89.7' .0
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
2
.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
97,
100.
100
100
100
.5
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. "
. u
50.
56.
32.
28.
10
.1
.9
.0
.2
.9
49,
43 .
68.
71.
89.
.9
.1
.0
.8
T
J-6
-------
Appendix J
Table J-8
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000, TWO-VALVE SUVS
MODEL
YEAR
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
1401
1532
1573
1872
1975
2046
2352
FRAC
.884
.844
.836
.759
.767
.725
.730
OF TWO-VALVE
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
.0
.0
.0
1.1
.0
.0
.0
4WD
75.1
78.1
74.9
75.4
73 .8
73.6
73.5
FUEL
CTTY
17.0
16.8
16.6
16.5
16.3
16.1
16.3
SUVs:
ECONOMY
HWY
24.9
24.8
25.1
24.6
24.6
24.1
24.4
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
14.4
14.5
4.2
7.5
5.3
3 .4
6 .
LOCK
83.8
85.5
95.8
92.5
94.7
96.6
94 .0
55/45
19.8
19.7
19.6
19.3
19.2
19.0
19.2
FUEL
FI
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
WGHT
LB
4231
4253
4398
4533
4509
4585
4577
VOL
CU-FT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
ENGINE
CID HP
246 180
250 177
269 191
271 195
272 195
274 204
270 207
METERING
TBI
15.2
17.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
PORT
84.8
83.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
- CARB
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
0-60
TIME
11.5
11.6
11.2
11.3
11 .3
11.0
10.9
TOP
SPD
125
124
127
127
127
129
130
FOUR
DSL VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
HP/ HP/ TON
CID WT -MPG
.746 .0428 41.9
.730, .0421 41.8
.714 .0439 43.1
.726 .0433 43.8
.720 ..0434 43.4
.749 .0447 43.4
.767 .0453 43.8
VEHICLE SIZE DESIGNED
SMALL MID LARGE DOM
11.5 77.5 10.9 87.7
12.4 73.2. 14.4 85.1
.0 85.. 9 14.1 94.7
13.8 57.7 28.5 92.9
4.6 65.8 29.7 94.9
4.3 64.9 30.8 94.3
6.3 62.5 31.2 91.9
IMPORT
12.3
14 .9
5.3
7.1
5.1
5.7
8.1
Table J-9
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 THREE-VALVE SUVS
MODEL
YEAR
1994
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1994
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000) FRAC
69 .044
39 .015
43 .015
54 .017
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
15.6
18.3
18.2
17.8
21.3
26.7
25.8
25.1
17.7
21.3
21.0
20.5
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
4378
4500
5000
5488
.0
.0
.0
.0
ENGINE 0-60 TOP
CID HP TIME SPD
180 150 13.4 114
195 215 10.3 133
206 224 10.9 131
211 228 11.6 128
HP/
CID
.833
1.103
1.089
1.087.
HP/
WT
.0344
.0478
.0448
.0,417
TON
-MPG
38.8
48.0
52.6
56.3
OF THREE-VALVE SUVs :
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
.0' 100.0
.0 ,0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
25 .3
.0
.0
.0
74.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
FOUR
CARB DSL VALVE
.0 .0 .0
.0 .0 .0
.0 .0 .0
.0 .0 .0
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
.0 100,
.0
.0
.0
.0 .0
.0 100.0
. 0 100.0
.0 100.0
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
.0
.0
.0
.0
100.0
100.0
100 .0
100.0
J-7
-------
SALES
(000) FRAC
107 .067
284 .156
Table J-10
MODEL
YEAR
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT OF FOUR-VALVE SUVs:
Appendix J
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 FOUR-VALVE SUVS
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
17.0 23.0 19.2
16.7 23.1 19.1
WGHT VOL ENGINE
LB CU-FT CID HP
4142
42S6
.0
201 179
189 168'
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
11.2 125
12.1 121
HP/
CID
.898
.887
HP/
WT
.,0430
.0395
TON
-MPG
39.9
40.8
310
595
561
731
815
.164
.241
.218
.259
.253
19.8
20.3
20.9
20.9
19.9
26.9
27.6
28.6
28.5
27.6
22.5
23.0
23.8
23.8
22.7
3700
3673
3735
3845
4037
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
164
165
161
165
175
154
156
161
170
177
11.7 121
11.5 122
11.4 123
11.1 125
11.2 125
.955
.961
1.009
1.048 ,
. 1.035
.0412
.0423
.0428
.0441
.0437
41.6
42.5
44.5
45.8
45.9
MODEL
YEAR
1994
1995
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
.0
.0
4WD
73.9
85.2
TRANSMISSION FUE]
MANUAL
24.3
19.7
LOCK
75.7
80.3
FI
100.0
100.0
FUEL METERING FOUR VEHICLE SIZE
TBI PORT CARB DSL VALVE SMALL MID LARGE
. 0 100.0
.0 100.0
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
5.8
5.1
8.4
8.5
7.0
51
57
66
66
65
.2
.5
.9
.2
.0
24
24
18
20
:7
.1
.6
.9
.1
.8
75
71
81
79
82
.9
.8
.1
.9
.2
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
0
0
0
0
0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
100
100
100
100
100
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
79.5
96.9
15.1
3.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
100.
100,
100
100
100
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
38.
38,
40,
31
27
.8
.9
.2
.7
.8
55.
57.
57,
63
60
2
,0
.0
.8
.9
6.
4,
2
4
11
,0
.1
.8
.6
.2
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100 .0
.0 100.0
.0 100 .0
5.3 94.2
J-i
-------
Table J-ll
Appendix J
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 TWO-VALVE PICKUP TRUCKS
MODEL
.YEAR
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1994
1995
1996 •
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
2532
2146
1696
2245
2142
2657
2404
FUEL ECONOMY
FRAC
.977
.945
.867
.933
.888
.909
.894
OF TWO -VALVE
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4WD
29.2
31.6
28.0
35.2
34.2
41.9
37.6
CITY HWY
18.1 26.5
17.3 25.6
17.3 25.9
17.2 25.8
17.2 26.0
16.8 24.8
16.9 25.2
PICKUPS :
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
39.8 59.2
38.6 61.1
30.2 69.8
22.2 77.8
23.1 76.9
24.2 75.8
17.8 82.2
55/45
21.1
20.3
20.4
20.2
20.3
19.7
19.8
FUEL
FI
99.2
100.0
99.8
99.9
99.9
100.0
' 100.0
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
4061 .0
4215 .0
4302 .0
4481 .0
4382 .0
4413 .0
4535 .0
METERING
TBI PORT
31.4 67.8
32.2 67.8
.0 99.8
.0 99.9
.0 99.9.
.0 100.0
.0 100.0 -
ENGINE
CID HP
249 163
261 168
265. 182
272 199
263 194
261 199
274 211
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
12.0 120
12.0 121
11.6 124
11.1 128
11.2 127
11.0 128
10.8 131.
FOUR
CARB _ DSL VALVE
.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
' .0 .
.0
.0 .0
.0 .0
12 .0
.1 .0
.1 .0
.0 .0
.0 .0
HP/
CID
.682
.678
.708
:744
.751
.769
.777
HP/
WT
.0400
.0398 .
.0419
.0441
.0439
.0446
.0462
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
12.3 38,
9.7 32 ,
.0 41.
.0 30.
.0 • 38.
7.6 , 32.
1.9 21
.3 49.3
.6 57.7
.1 58.9
.8 69.2
,7 61.3
.0 60.5
~'" . 2
TON
-MPG
43.1
43 .i
44.3
45.6
44.8
43 .6
45.1 -
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
86.1 '13 .•
89.1 10.
100.0
100.0
100.0-
92.4 7.
98.1 1.
9
9
0
0
0
6
9
Table J-12
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
1994
1996
1997
57
89
131
FRAC
.022
.045
.054
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 THREE-VALVE PICKUP TRUCKS
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
16.6
22.1
22.0
23.4
30.2
29.7
WGHT
LB
VOL
CU-FT
19.1. 3892
25.2 3355
24.9 3349
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
.0 180 150 . 12.1 118
.0 146 134 11.8 118
.0 146 134 11.7 118
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
.833 .0387 37.2
.918 .0404 42.2
.918 .0405 41.7
PERCENT OF THREE-VALVE PICKUPS:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION-
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT CARB
FOUR
DSL VALVE
VEHICLE SIZE DESIGNED
SMALL MID, LARGE DOM IMPORT
1994
1996
1997
.0 78.4 68.1 31.9 100.0 .0 100.0 .0 .0 .0 79.7 .0 20.3 .0 100.0
.0 . 18.0 76.8 23.2 100.0 .0 100.0 .0 .0 .'0 100.0 .0 .0 .0 100.0
.0 20.8 79.6 20.4 100.0 .0 100.0 .0 .0 .0 100.0 .0 .0 ..0 100.0
J-9
-------
Appendix J
Table J-13 '
MODEL SALES
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
VEAR
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
(000) FRAC
2 .001
125 .055
171 .087
30 .013
271 .112 ,
267 .091
285 .106
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO
FUEL ECONOMY WGHT VOL
CITY
23.4
20.0
20.8
18.2
21.4
21.4
20.0
HWY 55/45
32.2
27.0
28.1
24.1
29.1
29.1
27.3
26.7
2<.. 6
23.6
20.4
24.3'
24.3
22.7
LB CU-FT
3500
3612
3505
4085
3489
3519
3858
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
2000 FOU
ENGINE
CID HP
164 150
178 148
174 161
203 187
162 153
162 153
188 173
IR-VALVE PIC!
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
11.1 122
11-. 6 '120
10.6 126
10.7 128
11.0 123
11.1 123
10..9 126
KUP TRUCK
HP/
CID
.915
.842
.928
.922
.946
.947
.929
:s
HP/
WT
.0429
.0415
.0461
.0458
.0440
.0438
.0448
TON
-MPG
46.7
40.9
41.3
41.7
42.5
42 . 9
43 .7
OF FOUR-VALVE PICKUPS:
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
.0 .0
.0 56.7
.0 48.0
.0 54.7
.0 40.4
.0 35.7
.0 37.4
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
100.0
56.8
57.4
26.4
61.3
43.8
• ,4
.0
32.2
27.0
73.6
25.2
45.0
43.1
FUEL METERING
FI • TBI PORT
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
CARB
.0
.0
-0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
DSL VALVE
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
...0 100.0
.0 100.0
VEHICLE
SMALL
.0
71.7
77.3
.0
96.0
100.0
71.0
SIZE
MID LARGE
.0 100.0
.0. 28.3
.4 22.2
.0 100.0
.0 4.0
.0 .0
.0 29.
DESIGNED
DOM IMPORT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
100.0
100 .0
100.0
100 .0
10.0 . 0
100 .0
100.0
J-10
-------
Table K-l
Appendix K
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 DOMESTIC CARS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984"
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981 .
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1995
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
6718
8253 .
9293
8958
8682
6728
6261
5506
5683 ,
8102 .
7797
7517 .
6608 .
6574
6204 .
5007
4793 .
4724 .
5106 .
4685 .
5495
4564 .
4593 .
4393 .
4604
4263
FRAC
.816
.849
.822
.802
.804
.712
.717
.704
.710
,759
.723
682
'616
612
619
568
562
583
604
557
585
578
551
551
535
494
OF DOMESTIC
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
1.3
1.4
1.4
3.3
5.4
22.3
32.4
42.9
42 .4
51.3
60.0
68.2
74.3
78.8
80.7
84.7
82 .4
82.3
84.1
80.1
83.2
84.4
86.4
88.4
86.9
86.3
4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.6
.3
.4
.6
.3
.0
.1
.1
.0
.3
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FUEL ECONOMY WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP
CITY HWY 55/45 LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD
12.8 18.1 14.7 4380 328 147 14.2 113
14
14
16
16
18
.4 20.1 16.5 4317 318 142 14.4 111
.9 20.7 17.1 4246 115.8 316 144 13.9 113
.1 23.0 18.6 3853 114.4 287 134 13.6 113
.8 23.3 19.2 3711 114.4 270 129 13.6 112
.9 27.1 21.9 3341 110.5 220 110 14.1 108
20.2 29.4 23.5 . 3291 113.2 209 106 14.2 108
20.8 31.3 24.5 3247'112.1 200 105 14.3 107
20.5 30.9 24.1 3310 114.6 208 111 14.0 109
21.3 32.1 25.1 ' 3233 111.5 197 109 13.8 109
21.8 33.2 25.8 3246 112.7 199 117 13.2 112
HP/
CID
.456
.455
.460
.480
.500
.530
.549
.567
.565
.593
.625
22.4 34.5 26.6 3199 111.6 190 117 13.0 112
22.4 34.8 26.7 3200 112.1 189 120 12.8 114
22:7 35.7 27.1 3247 112.2 189 126 12.4 115
22.4 35.6 26.9 3276 112.6 190 128 12.3 116
22.0 35.5 26.5 3359 112.9 193 134 12.2 117
22.
21.
22.
21.
22.
22.
22.
22.
22.
22.
CARS
0 35.5 26.6 3335 112.9 194 139 11.9 119
7 35.5 26.3 3399 114.1- 201 147 11.4 122
4 36.4 27.1 3327 113.3 192 143 11.6 121
7 35.5 26.3 3431 112.8 201 154 11.2 124
4 37.1 27.2 3368 112.7 192 161 10.7 127
3 37.0 27.2 3400 112.2 189 166 10.5 128
6 37.3 27.4 3373 112.8 187 166 10.4 128
7 37.5 27.6 3345 111.2 184 165 10.4 128
4 36.8 27.2 3432 112.4 187 172 10.3 130
3 37.3 27.3 3466 113.3 190 176 10.1 131
646
666
695
703
715
730
748
757
777
858
894
898
912
929
942
TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING FOUR
MANUAL LOCK FI TBI PORT CARS DSL VALVE
8-2 .0 .6 .0 .6 99. 4 .0
8-1 .0 .9 .0 .9 99.1 .0
4-4 .0 .7 .0 .799. 3 .0
6-9 8.4 1.1 .0 1.1 98.5 .4
9-1 10.0 1.2 .0 1.2 J7.3 1.6
15.7 23.2 1.2 1.0 .2 95.6 3.2
15.3 45.3 3.7 3.7 .0 91.3 5.0
15.4 70.5 13.9 13.9 .0 82.4 3.7
12.3 72.8 27.3 26.6 .7 71.5 ,1.2
13.6 69.1 38.3 32.0 6.3 60.7 .9
11.0 69.6 57.5 44.2 13.3 42.3 .2
11.7 70.6 70.7 41.0 29.6 29.2 .1
10.8 70.6 84.8 45.2. 39.6 15.1 .1
10.0 80.3 95.5 36.1 59.4 4.5 .0 1
8.5 81.8 98.4 34.6 63.8 1.6 .0 2
6.2 85.4 99.3 27.4 71.9 .7 .0 2
7.1 87.9 100.0 26.9 73.1 .0 .0 1
6.2 88.2 100.0 11.2 88.8 .0 .0 3.
8.2 86.7 100.0 9.0 91.0 .0 .0 4.
6.8 89.3 100.0 6.9 93.1 .0 .0 10.
9.4 90.6 100.0 .5 99.5 .0 .0 .26,
8.6 91.4 100.0 .0 100.0 .0 .0 32,
7.8 92.2 100.0 .0 100.0 .0 .0 30.
8.2 91.8 100.0 .0 100.0 .0 .0 36.
7.1 92.9 I'OO.O .0 100.0 .0 - .0 39.
8.7 91.3 100.0 .0 100.0 .0 .0 33.
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.8
.8
.4
.1
.6
.1
.1
.0
.5
.8
.6
,0
.7
HP/
WT
.0332
.0324
.0337
.0346
.0345
.0328
.0323
.0323
.0331
.0336
' .0357
.0364
.0374
.0386
.0391
.0398
.0413
.0430
.0426
.0445
.0472
.0483
.0485
.0487
.0494
.0503
VEHICLE
TON
-MPG
32 £•
35
36
36
35
36
38
40
40
40
41
42
42
44
44.
44,
44.
44.
45.
45..
45.
46.
46.
46.
46.
47.
.8
.4
.0
.8
.6
.7
.0
.2
.8
.9
.6
.7
.1
.0
.6
.3
7
1
1
9
2
3
2
7
4
CU-FT
-MPG
2005
2170
2230
2446
2706
2800
2828
2857
2950
2998
3017
3069
3047
3014
3028
3016
3102
2980
3104
3071
3117
3091
3080
3118
CU-FT-
TON-MPG
4220
4129
4100
4067
4408
4504
4611
4553
4734
4767
4801
4963
4972
5045.
5029
5120
,5135
5105
5182
5195
5226
5141
5257
5387
ST7R
SMALL MID
45.9 28
47.7 29
41.8 29
31.2 42
30.4 42
36.4 47
32.7 50
38.8 43
34.7 44
45.3 37
40.7 38
43.6 38
43.3 37
48.1 31
40.4 38
36.6 41
40.6 38
38.3 35
43.1 35
40.0 32
45.8 31
42.9 35
41.8 34
44.0 37
42.1 35
39.0 26
.1
.4
.6
.1
.7
.3
.4
.1
.2
.0
.1
.1
. 8
. 7
.5
.3
.5
.4
.7
.9
.5
.5
.6
.1
.2
LARGE
26
22
28
26
27
15,
17 .
17.
21.
17.
21.
18 .
19.
20.
21.
21.
21 .
26 .
21.
27.
22.
21 .
23.
18.
22.
34.
.1
. 9
.6
. 5
.8
.0
. 8
.3
,4
.3
,3
,6
,1
.0
,9
1
2
5
3
3
6
.7
4
.8
8
K-l
-------
Table K-2
Appendix K (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 EUROPEAN CARS
MODEL
YEAR
197S
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
673
527
623
707
599
791
525
494
440
640
665
732
743
675
550
437
390
331
290
338
507
406
544
629
888
1204
FRAC
.082
.054
.055
.063
.056
.084
.060
.063
.055
.060
.062
.066
.069
.063
.055
.050
.046
.041
.034
.040
.054
.051
.065
.079
.103
.139
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
19.6
20.1
21.3
21.9
21.7
24.3
25.5
25.1
23.7
23.2
22.8
22.6
22.5
21.9
21.1
21.0
21.1
20.9
*"l . 9
__ .1,
21.5
22.1
21.6
22.0
22.2
22.2
29.1
29.3
31.4
32.0
31.4
35.1
36.0
34.3
33.0
32.8
32.3
32.2
31.8
31.9
31.1
31.2
31.8
32.2
32.5
33.2
33.9
35.1
34. 6
35.0
35.4
34.8
23.0
24.9
25.5
25.2
28.2
29.4
28.6
27.2
26.7
25. 3
26.1
25.9
25.5
24.7
24.6
24.9
24.8
24.9
25.2
25.8
26.5
26.0
26.4
26.7
26.5
WGHT
LB
2704
2720
2676
2579
2680
2574
2765
2895
3041
2987
3070
3016
3032
3084
3209
3360
3393
3467
3590
3584
3605
3485
3566
3547
3565
3541
VOL
CU-FT
89.6
91.1
89.3
89.6
93.1
96.4
98.5
99.9
102.5
103.0
100.8
103.1
104.4
105.1
104.4
103.9
105.5
105.1
104.8
103.9
103.1
102.7
102.3
104.8
ENGINE
CID HP
114 83
119 85
115 84
112 83
118 84
112 78
121 84
128 92
140 107
139 110
145 117
146 123
145 128
149 133
156 144
155 148
156 150
156 161
164 174
164 It: ,
165 185
158 168
169 185
163 183
164 185
162 184
0-60
TIME
15.3
14.8
14.8
14.5
14.9
15.2
15.2
14.8
13.5
13 .0
12.7
12.2
11.9
11.7
11.3
11.5
11.5
11.1
10.6
10. j
10.2
10.6
10.0
10.1
10.1
10.1
TOP
SPD
103
104
104
104
104
102
103
105
110
112
114
116
118
119
122
122 .
122
125
129
131
132
128
133
132
133
133
HP/
CID
.729
.728
.734
.743
.720
.699
.694
.718
.773
.798
.823
.857
.890
.899
.934
.962
.969
1.029
1.060
1.104
1.116
1.062
1.093 .
1.124
1.129
1.139
HP/
WT
.0299
.0311
.0311
.0318
.0312
.0303
.0302
.0315
.0352
.0367
.0380
.0401
.0414
.0422
.0441
.0433
.0435
.0455
.0478
.0497
.0504
• .0476
.0512
.0509
.0510
.0510
TON
-MPG
31.4
32.2
34.0
33.9
34.7
37.5
42.1
42.7
42.0
40.8
41.1
39.8
39.5
39.6
39.9
41.7
42.5
43.2
44 .7
45.2
46.6
46.4
46.6
47.3
48.1
47.2
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
2368
2505
2415
2690
2928
2923
2785
2772.
2818
2793
2699
2707
2653
2657
2677
2639
2656
2687
2745
2796
2719
2764
2802
2831
3093
3120
3145
3397
3939
4143
4181
4086
4231
4128
4017
4102
4185
4393
4455
4505
4725
4761
4894
4843
4828
4883
4955
4973
PERCENT OF EUROPEAN CARS:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
46.1
46.3
55.0
61.9
54.0
69.3 .
61.1
54.8
42.0
45.4
45. 0
47.1
45.7
50.7
44.4
42.9
43.1
36.8
34.6
38.8
44.2
56.1
43.7
45.6
48.4
53.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.5
.6
1.2
1.4
1.0
.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
2.9
2.4
1.5
4.5
4.4
10.0
10.7
9.6
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
68.5
65.5
73.1
74.2
73.2
78.0
68."
61.2
53.6
50.4
46.4
47.1
49.3
41.1
31.5
29.2
29.7
29.5
24.8
22.8
28.6
32.7
29.7
27.3
37.0
23.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.3
.6
7.1
11.9
11.2
25.4
29.5
32.7
31.5
34.7
45.5
56.6
50.8
54.3
69.9
72.3
62.5
76.2
FUEL METERING .
FI TBI PORT
38.8
33.7
52.4
53.9
47.6
48.9
61.. 4
65.6
77.1
84.2
88.8
91.4
90.3
94.2
98.7
99.2
97.0
'98.5
100.0
100.0
98.8
98.1
98.9
97.6
96.3
98.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
• .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
2.4
.1
.0
.0
.0
6.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
38.8
33.7
52.4
53.9
47.6
48.9
61.4
65.6
77.1
84.2
88.8
91.4
90.3
91.8
98.7
99.2
97.0
98.5
93.2
100.0
98.8
98.1
98.9
97.6
96.3
98.3
CARB
58.
61.
38.
36.
37.
25.
2.
6
3
2
5
6
5
3
6
9
7
.1
,3
.2
.3
.5
.2
.3
.3
.6
.7
.5
.0
.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
2.9
4.7
8.6
9.5
15.3
25.8
36.4
28.1
19.4 .
13.6
10.9
3.3
3.1
.1
.8
.8
2.8
1.5
.0
.0
1.2
1.9
1.1
2.4
3.7
1.7
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
6.7
9.2
12.4
13.8
18.8
27.0
36.9
61.1
68.2
68.5
56.4
68.9
56.3
49.1
50.2
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
94 .8
95.8
95.6
96.9
94.2
96.0
95.0
93.8
90.5
81.6
79.5
76.4
78.5
68.4
66.0
63 .0
65.3
68.2
59.0
64.6
69.7
65.7
62.6
61.1
62.2
60.5
5.2
4.2
4.4
3.1
5.8
4.0
5.0
6.2
9.3
18.4
20.5
22.1
19.7
23.6
24.6
30.7
26.3
22.4
32.1
30.9
24.8
28.9
31.2
.34.8
34.7
34.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
1.5
1.9
8.0
9.4
6 .2
8.4
9.4
8.9
4.5
5.5
5.4
6.2
4.2
3.2
4.7
K-2
-------
Appendix K (Continued)
Table K-3
CHARACTERISTICS OF, 197,5 TO 2000 ASIAN CARS
MODEL SALES
YEAR ,
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1394
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
(000) FRAC
846 .
942
1383 .
1510 .
1513
1924 .
-1948
1819
1879
1933 .
2328
2765 .
3380
3487
3264
3365 .
3341
3052
3060 .
3391
3394
2920 .
3198 .
2946 .
3117
3166' .
103
097
122
135
140
204
223
233
235
181
216
251
315
325
326
382
392
377
362
403
361
370
384
370
362
367
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
20
23
25
25
23
25
27
27
28
28
28
28
27
28
27
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
25
25
25
25
.1 29
.0 33
.4 35
.3 34
.4 32
.5 34
.5 36,
.6 37,
.7 39,
.5 39.
.1 39,
.8 40.
.9 39,
.6 39.
.6 38.
.4 37.
.7 38.
.1 38.
.3 38.
39.
.2 39.
.0 38.
.9 39.
.9 39.
.6 39,
.2 38.
.3 23.4
.3 26.7
.8 29.2
.3 28.7
.4 26.7
.7 29.0
.5 30.9
.2 31.2
.4 32.7
.9 32.7
.2 32.2
.0 32.9
.2 32.0
.6 32.7
,9 31.8
,5 30.4
.1 30.8
,0 30.4
.5 30.6
.5 31.3
,2 30.8
.9 30.5
,0 30.5
,2 30.6
. 0 30.3
.6 29.9
WGHT
LB
2575
2550
2485
2482
2506
2482
2469
2512
2528
2569
2585
2616
2700
2662
2745
2879
2865
2968
2971
2965
3041
3069
3082
3198
3213
3221
VOL
CU-FT
83.7
85.3
84.9
88.5
88.6
90.6
93.1
93 .6
94.6
96.8
97.1
98.1
98.9
98.6
98.3
100.1
100.5
102.2
102.9
104.5
103.8
106.1
106.5
1J7.0
ENGINE ,;;.
CID HP
113 93
108 86
104 84
106 83
107 78
107 77
109 78
113 80
112 82
114 88
113 89
110 90
111 93
108 93
112 103
119 118
119 120
123 127
123 127
112 123
127 134
129 134
129 137
134 145
136 148
138 155
0.-60 TOP
TIME SPD
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
14
13
13,
13
13
13,
12
12
11,
11,
11,
11,
11,
11,
11,
11.
10.
10.
.4 109
.9 : 106
.9 106
.9 105
.6 103
.5 103
.5 103
.4 104
.2 105
.7 107
.7 107
.8 107
.9' 107
.6 108
.9 111
.0 116
.8 117
.7 118
.6 118
.9 117
.3 120
.4 120
.2 121
.0 123
.9 124
.6 126
HP/
CID
.814
.795
.798
.784
.734
.720
.713
.707
.731
.768
.782
.810
.827
.851
.-.90S
.983
1.011
1.036
1.027
1.009
1.059
1.043
1.063
1.086
1.091
1.119
HP/
WT
.0355
.0334
.0333
.0332
.0310
.0309
.0314
.0315
.0322
.0340
.0339
.0338
.0338
.0344
.0368
.0402
.0412
.0421
.0420
.040.
.0435
.0432
.0440
.0450
.0458
.0477
TON
-MPG
30.8
34.3
37.0
36.3
3 3 . 9
, 36.4
38.6
39.7
41.9
42.5
42.2
43.5
43.6
•43.8
43.9
44'. 1
44.5
45.4
45.8
46.7
47.1
47.1
47.2
49.1
48.8
48.3
CU-FT
CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
2543
"531
1 2356
2647
2815
2924
3159
3174
3175
3287
3194
3291
3216
3060
3101
3120
3159
3272
3229
3252
3211
3287
3265
3240
3105
jO.97
2895
3232
3426
3611
3924
4004
.4013
4211
4236
4299
4341
4347
4374
4541
4608
4763
4845
4924
4903
5208
5208
5177
OF ASIAN CARS:
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
17.0
21.2
22.0
22.8
32.4
39.2
45.5
51.3
63.2
66.8
71.8
85.3
89.3
93.0
• 92 .4
89.9
89.1
83.3
91.5
95.0
85.6
94 .2
94.0
93.8
94.2
93 .5
4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
2.5
2.4
2.1
2.2
11.3
4.2
9.4
3.6
3.0
2.3
2.3
2.3
3.4
2.8
3 .0
.8
3.0
3.4
3.7
4.0
3 .5
4.0
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
74.0
69.2
74.4
74.1
77.8
69.7
68.7
64.4
63.2
59.4
55.5
54.4
47.1
47.9
42.9
38.3
38.7
33.5
. 33.3
29.8
25.5
22.2
18.9
15.1
16.7
17.5
LOCK
, .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
3.7
7.4
21.4
32.3
36.6
36.1
48.3
47.3
52.2
59.5
57.9
62 .6
63.6
67.6
72.5
:75.3
79.4
84.0
82.0
80.7
FUEL
FI
14.4
6.0
6.3
5.9
8.1
9.4
11.0
13.1
20.2
29.1
29.9
43.2
46.1
59.6
73.2
97.4
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
METERING
TBI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.5
.4
1.7
8.5
23.9
19.6
14.4
17.2
10.2
7.6
3.2
2 .4
3 .0
2.1
.4
.3
.4
PORT CARB
14.4 85.
6.0 94,
6.3 93.
S.9 .94 .
3.1 91.
9.4 90.
11.0 88.
13.1 85.
20.2 79.
28.6 70,
29.5 69,
41.4 56,
37.6 53,
35.7 40,
53.6 26,
82.9 2
82.7
89.8
92.4
96.8
97.6
97.0
97.9
99.6
99.7
99.6
.6
.0
.7
1
.9
,6
.2
.6
.3
.1
.9
.8
.9
.4
.8
.6
.1
.0
. 0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.8
1.3
.5
.8
.2
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.4 .b
15.8
26.2
31.6
61.3
67.3
69.4
78.0
75.8
91.8
93.1
93.7
97.2
97.3
98.2
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.2
98.1
99.6
95.8
91.0
90.7
91.0
83 .4
80.5
83 .5
74.3
70.7
72.8
54.9
52.2
50.2 '
MID LARGE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.8
1.9
.4
4.2
9.0
9.3
9.0
16.6
19.5
.16 . 5
24.0
27.1
24.8
42.5
45.1
46.4
.0
.0
.0
. o
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0-
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.8
2.3
2 .3
2.6
2.7
3.4
K-3
-------
Table K-5
Appendix K (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 DOMESTIC VANS
MODEL
YEAR
197S
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
455
501
512
622
472
226
234
296
369
595
762
942
988
1077
1208
1184
890
1094
1233
1236
1432
1259
1086
1356
1287
1128
FRAG
.996
.997
.996
.996
.982
.935
.954
.952
.964
.881
.891
.902
.887
.951
.946
.938
.861
.896
.856
.886
.862
.893
.874
.912
.841
.767
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
11.7
12.3
13.3
12.9
12.2
14.6
15.5
15.3
15.6
16.1
16.7
17.6
17.8
18.1
18.1
18.2
18.3
18.2
18.5
18.2
18.3
18.7
18.5
19.0
18.3
18.7
15.2
16.4
17.0
16.2
15.4
19.5
20.5
20.2
21.1
22.1
22.6
24.5
25.2
26.2
26.2
26.7
26.8
26.8
27.7
27.1
27.8
28.4
28.3
29.5
28.5
28.8
13.1
13.8
14.7
14 .'-
13.5
16.5
17.4
17.1
17.7
18.3
18.9
20.2
20.5
21.0
21.0
21.2
21.3
21.3
21.8
21.4
21.6
22.1
21.9
22.7
21.8
22.2
WGHT
LB
4198
4202
4255
4253
4559
4404
4357
4376
4443
4174
4061
4074
4058 -
4086
4078
4113
4164
4194
4130
4180
4138
4227
4285
4203 '
4363
4366
ENGINE
CID HP
318 143
324 146
333 153
330 149
325 146
299 135
292 132
296 136
301 138
267. 131
250 134
238 131
238 147
234 149
230 147
229 150
230 150
230 154
226 157
232 160
241 160
226 173
227 177
221 180
230 185
230 184
0-60
TIME
13.9
13.7
13.2
'13.3
14.5
14.8
15.0
14.8
14.8
14.7
14.1
14.4
13.1
12.9
13.1
13.0
13.1
12.9
12.5
12.4
12.3
11.8
11.7
11.3
11.4
11.5
TOP
SPD
113
114
116
115
ill
109
109
110
110
109
111
110
116
116
115
116
116
117
118
119
119
123
123
125
125
125
HP/
CID
.447
.447
.458
.453
.449
.452
.453
.459
.461
.512
.560
.573
.647
.667
.674
.672
.673
.683
.709
.703
.679
.778
.790
.825
.814
.810
HP/
WT
.0341
.0348
.0360
.0352
.0320
.0307
.0303
.0310
.0312
.0313
.0329
.0320
.0363
.0366
.0362
.0364
.0361
.0366
.0380
.0384
.0388
.0411
.0414
.0430
.0423
.0422
TON
-MPG
28.0
29.7
31.7
30.7
31.2
36.6
38 .2
37.8
39.8
38.8
39.0
41.4
41.9
43.2
43.2
44.0
44.7
44 .9
45.1
44 .9
44.9
46.9
47.1
47.7
47.8
48.6
PfRCENT OF DOMESTIC VANS:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.3
.0
.2
22.9
31.8
24.6
28.4
37.0
35.5
48.4
43.6
47.6
46.7
50.9
58.0
72.5
60.6
77.3
70.5
68.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
2.9
6.3
4.3
4.7
4.8
8.7
2.2
4.9
2.9
3.0
4.9
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
23.3
20.3
14.0
13.6
22.0
19.1
12.0
9.6
11.9
6.2
5.5
3.6
2.5
2.1
1.0
.3
.6
.8
.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
o.d
41.7
48.9
48.1
61.5
44.8
46.7
60.0
67.8
79.2
76.4
94.3
97.5
97.1
97.3
97.2
98.1
98.2
99.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT
.0
.0
.0
. 0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.8
35.2
75.1
99.6
99.9
99.9
99.9
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
o
.0
. -0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
18.0
31.8
44.0
44.2
44.6
42.5
31.4
24.5
21.5
14.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. 0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
17.2
43.3
55.6
55.7
55.3
57.4
68.6
75.5
78.5
85.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
CARB.
100,
100,
100
'.TO
j.00
100
100
100
95
98
98
64
24
.0
.0
.0
.0
0
.0
.0
.0
.4
.6
.8
.4
.8.
.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4.6
1.4
.3
.4
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
. .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 .
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.'o
2.6
3.5
3.6
4.7
2.9
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2
.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
66.3
61.5
61.2
64.0
66.3
57.5
59.0
60-. 9
62.3
70.5
78.7
83.0
85.9
87.3
88.3
90.9
91.5
91.5
91.4
91.0
92.9
91.3
87.4
90.3
85.5
81.9
33.7
38.5
38.8
36.0
33.7
42.5
41.0
39.1
37.5
29.2
21.3
17.0
14.1
12.7
11.7
9.1
8.5
8.5
8.6
9.0
7.1
8.7
12.6
9.7
14.5
18.1
K-4
-------
Appendix K (Continued)
Table K-6
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 IMPORTED VANS
MODEL SALES
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979 .
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
FUEL ECONOMY
(000) FRAC CITY HWY 55/45
2
1 .
2
3 .
8 .
16 .
• 11 .
15
13
81
93 .
102 .
126
55 .
69 .
78
143
127 .
208
159
2.30 .
150
157 .
131
244 .
342 .
004 . 18
003 16
004 19
004 17
018 1.6
065 16
046 16
048 19
036 17
119 22
109 23
098 23
113 21
049 21
054 20
062 18
139 19
104 19
144 19
114 19
138 19
107 19
126 19
088 20
159 19
233 19
.0 25.
.8 25.
.1 27.
.4 24.
.5 22.
.3 23.
. 3 22 .
.7 24.
.0 23.
.9 29 .
.0 29.
.1 29.
.8 28.
.7 29.
.7 28.
.7 26.
.1 27.
.9 29.
.2 28.
.2 29.
.7 29.
.9 29.
.4 28.
.0 30.
.6 31.
.7 31.
1 20.6
8 19.9
6 22.2
5 20.0
6 18.7
9 19.0
3 18.5
9 21.7
1 19.3
3 25.4
6 25.5
8 25.7
3 24.3
0 24.5
9 23.7
4 21.5
2 22.0
0 23.2
4 22.5
0 22.7
3 23.1
8 23.4
9 22.7
4 23.6
4 23.6
2 23 .6
WGHT
LB
3498
3500
3500
3500
3500
3618
3644
3668
3625
3340
3270
3298
3299
3402
3685
3826
3937
3781
3958
3963
3932
3933
3958
3971
4121
4192
'ENGINE o^'eo -TOP
CID HP TIME SPD
118 78 19.1 96
120 67 20.9 92
120 67 20.8 92
120 67 20.9 92
120 67 20.9. 92
120 67 21.4 91
120 67 21.6 91
111 61 23.4 89
119 69 21.0 92
121 87 16.5 100
121 88 16.2 101
131 95 15.3 104
134 98 15.0 105
134 100 15.1 105
152 120- 14.3 109
163 136 13.3 114
156- 136 13.5 113
153 136 13.0 114
170 145 12.8 116
174 148 - 12.6 ' 117
170 149 12.4 117
171 150 12.3 118
172 148 12.6 117
'177 175 11.1 126
195 185 10.9 127
193 188 10.9 128
HP/
CID
.656
.558 .,
.558 .
.558
.558 ,
.558 .
.558 ,
.550 .
.585 .
.725 .
.727
.728 .
.736 .
.751 .
.784 .
.836 .
.875
.894 .
.859 .
.856
.890
.890
.865
.993 ,
.952 .
.979
HP/
WT
.0224
.0191
.0191
.0191 „.
,'0191
.0186
,0185
,0168
,0192
.0266 -
,0272
,0291
.0301
,0297
, 03'23
0358
,0345
0359
.0368
.0375
.0381
,0384
.0375
,0442
.0450
.0450
TON
-MPG
36
34
38
35
32
34
33
42
35
42
41
42
40
41
43
41
43
43
44
45
45
46
45
47
48
49
.1
.9
.9
.0
.9
.4
.8
. 1
.3
.8
.9
.6
.3
.9
.8
.4
.6
.9
.5
.0
.5
.1
.0
•0
.7
.6
OF IMPORTED VANS:
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
' .0
.0
.0
.0
18 .1
18.7
22.4
20.5
. 21.1
14.2
21.7
4 .4
26.5
68.5
70.3
81.9
84.9
88.5
88 .6
100.0
100.0
4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
3 .2
13.1
17.0
16.0
13.3
62.6
39.8
15.9
3.5
20.0
11.1
3.4 ' .
3 .9
6 .6
.0
.0
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
43.3
84.8
89.9
85.0
81.2
82 .9
81.2
89.0
78,9
42.0
40.8
36.4
30.4
28.4
18.2
10.2
7.6
9.9
3.4
1.0
.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
LOCK
.0
-0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
51.3
53.3
60.8
66.8
68 .6
79.4
80.7
,90.5
90.1
96.6
99.0
99.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
FUEL
FI
61.1
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
61.7
97.7
81.9
78.1
64.5
83.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 .0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
METERING
TBI PORT GARB DSL
.0 .0 38.9 .0
.0 .0 .0 .0
.0 .0 .0 .0
• " .0 .0 .0, .0
.0 . .0 .0 .0
.0 .0 .0 .0
.0 .0 .0 .0
.0 .0 .0 38.3
.0 .0 .0 2.3
.0 .0 18.1 .0
. .0 .0 21.9 .0
.0 64.5 35.5 .0
18.1 65.1 16.8 .0
18.4 81.6 .0 .0
.2 99.8 .0 .0
.4 99.6 .0 .0
.0 100.0 .0 .0
. .0 100.0 .0 .0
.0 100.0 .0 .0
,0 100.0 .0 .0
.0 100.0 .0 .0
.0 100.0 .0 .0
.0 100.0 .0 .0
.0 100.0 .0 .0
.0 100.0 .0 .0
.0 100.0 .0 .0
FOUR
VEHICLE SIZE
VALVE SMALL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4.1
12.3
25.7
21.9
18.3
79.9
62.6
77.8
100.
100.
100.
100.
. 100.
100,
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
-100 ,
100.
100
51
39
10
31
5
6
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
.0
.0
.0
.0
,0
.0
.0
.0
14
.0
.5
.5
.9
.8
.6
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
MID LARGE
.0
.0
.0
0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
48.6
61.0
89.5
68. S
94.1
93.2
96.6
98.9
99.0
100.0
99.7
99.4.
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
,.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.8
.0
1.0
.0
.3
.6
K-5
-------
Table K-7
Appendix K (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 DOMESTIC SUVS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
181
235
267
365
395
180
133
156
280
596
689
624
662
729
752
479
856
770
1081
1228
1303
1496
1739
1874
1929
2209
FUEL ECONOMY
FRAG
.966
.965
.944
.959
.987
.973
.981
.962
.967
.955
.937
.807
.758
.753
.812
.676
.782
.768
.825
.775
.718
.792
.705
.728
.684
.686
CITY
11.8
12.5
13.6
13.0
11.6
13.8
14.9
1S.S
16.6
16.7
16.9
16.8
17.0
16.9
16.9
16.3
17.3
16.8
" * Q
J.O . ~l
16.5
16.6
16.4
16.3
16.1
16.2
HWY
14.9
16.1
17.6
16.9
14.0
18.0
19.9
21.0
23.3
23.5
24.6
23.9
25.0
24.8
2*4.5
24.3
25.5
24.9
25.1
24.8
24.6
25.2
24.7
24.7
24.2
24.4
55/45
13.0
I. if
15.2
14.5
12.5
.15.4
16.8
17.6
19.1
19.2
19.7
19.3
19.9
19.7
19.6
19.1
20.2
19.7
19.7
19.6
19.3
19.6
19.3
19.2
19.0
19.1
WGHT
LB
4209
4321
4244
4278
4520
4277
4220
4389
4166
4024
4055
4059
4021
4022
4114
4189
4141
4158
4201
4298
4353
4410
4542
4512
459S
4619
ENGINE
CID HP
331 147
338 141
336 145
342 150
332 144
299 132
292 132
299 131
257 125
231 122
220 123
226 135
232 148
246 156
262 163
269 168
248 167
249 176
258 187
259 187
267 186
273 192
276 197
275 196
278 206
277 211
0-60
TIME
13.2
14.0
13.5
13.2
14.4
14.6
14.4
15.0
14.9
14.9
14.9
13.7
12.8
12.3
12.0
, 11-9
11.9
11.4
1?. .0
i_.2
11.3
11.2
11.2
11.2
10.9
10.7
TOP
SPD
115
112
114
115 .
Ill
109
110
108
108
108
108
112
116
119
121
122
122
125
12"
127
126
127
127
127
129
131
HP/
CID
.442
.415
.428
.435
.437
.446
.458
.447
.516
.555
.581
.637
.664
.658
.638'
.641
.681
.718
.733
.733
.708
.708
.718
.714
.745
.764
HP/
WT
.0359
.0332
..0345
.'0353
.0323
.0309
.0316
.0305
.0305
.0304
.0302
.0336
.0371
.0394
.0402
.0408
.0407
.0431
.0451
.0441
.0435
.0441
.0436
.0436
.0450
.0459
TON
-MPG
27.3
29.9
32.1
30 .8
28 .3
33 .1
35.5
39.6
40.4
39.2
40 .3
39.4
40.1
39.8
40.5
40 .0
41,9
40.9
41,4
42 .1
42.1
43.3
43 .9
43 .4
43 .5
44 .0
PERCENT OF DOMESTIC SUVs:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.2
.0
.0
.0
87.0
88.5
87.5
92.3
70.0
88.4
90.2
78.6
80.0
84.3
79.1
82.8
78.8
78.3
79.6
79.8
75.0
72.8
57.2
74.9
79.6
75.0
75.2
73.3
74.3
73.8
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
39.3
31.5
32.1
31.5
32.4
42.0
39. S
27.0
29.7
26.1
23.6
24.3
23.2
20.7
18.6
19.5
14.6
14.7
11.1
10.0
9.5
3.2
6.9
5.3
3.0
4.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.6
26.9
41.9
43.9
53.0
45.0
63.7
67.3
67.9
70.9
73.4
75.1
83.6
84.4
88.1
88.0
90.5
96.8
93.1
94.7
97.0
95.1
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
2.9
55.7
87.0
92.8
93.3
92.6
99.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
31.8
49.3
43.8
48.9
41.0
39.2
23.0
13.7
12.7
16.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
•23.9
37.7
49.0
44.4
51.6
60.2
77.0
86.3
87.3
83.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
CARB
100.0
100.0
100.0
'00.0
99.8
97.6
100.0
84.1
93.1
97.6
95.5
43.2
12.5
6.8
6.4
7.0
.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.2
2.4
.0
15.9
6.9
2.4
1.6
1.1
.5
.4
.3
.4
.2
.0
.0
.0.
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
' .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
, .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 '
.0
.0
.0
,0
.0
.0
.0
2.1
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
26.1
21.8
21.3
21.3
25.2
31.0
30.0
23 .2
17.7
23.0
15.4
21.5
23.7
25.6
20.4
22.2
8.9
8.7
7.5
7.5
8.0
.0
14.7
4 .8
4.6
3.6
68.0
71.3
72.2
73.3
47.3
55.9
59.4
62.9
71.3
68.8
76.2
69.1
67.7
64.9
69.8
62.8
86.1
82.6
81.4
80.0
75.0
85.1
54.6
63.9
62.8
61.1
5.9
6 . 8
6.5
5.4
27.6
13.1
10.6
13.9
10.9
8.2
8.3
9.4
8.6
9.5
9.8
15.0
5.0
8.6
11.1
12.5
17.0
14 .9
30.7
31.3
32.6
35.3
K-6
-------
Appendix K (Continued)
Table K-8
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 IMPORTED SUVS
MODEL SALES
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PERCENT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
(000) FRAC
6 .
9 .
16 .
16
5 .
5 .
2 .
6 .
10 .
28 .
46 .
149 .
211 .
239
174
229
239
233
229 .
357 .
513
394 .
727 .
702
891
1012
034
035
056
041
013
027
019
038
033
045
063
193
242
247
188
324
218
232
175
225
282
208
295
272
316
314
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
10.
9.
11.
10.
13.
17.
14.
15.
16.
18.
20.
22.
21.
20.
19.
18.
18.
17.
18.
17.
17.
19.
19.
19.
20.
19.
1 15.
0 14.
9 16.
8 16.
2 17.
1 22.
5 19.
9 20.
7 21.
6 24.
2 26.
1 29.
0 27.
5 26.
2 25.
8 25.
2 24.
9 24 .
4 24.
-, 24.
7 24.
1 26.
6 26.
9 27.
1 27.
5 26.
6 12.0
6 10,9
7 13.6
3 12 .7
6 14.9
6 19.2
7 16.5
6 17.7
5 18.6
1 20.7
2 22.5
4 24.9
5 23.5
8 22.9
4 21.6
5 21.4
9 20.7
S 20.4
7 20.8
0 20.1
4 20.2
1 21.7
8 22.3
6 22.8
6 22.9
9 22.2
WGHT
LB
4000
4082
4029
4078
3708
2760
3546
3348
3294
3475
3468
3344
3273
3364
3601
3744
3819
3843
3949
3973
4008
3804
3807
3881
3973
4099
ENGINE
CID
257
258
258
258
224
128
193
167
154
145
142
128
135
137
153
156
163
163
166
172
173
174
172
170
173
176
HP
110
125
125
125
111
73
99
89
86
90
99
93
100
105
119
126
125
129
142
14"
150
158
159
166
173
173
0*60
TIME
15.7
14.4
14.3
14.4
15.2
17.6
16.3
17.1
17.2
16.9
15.8
15.5
14.6
14.5
13.9
13.7
14.0
13.8
13.2
12.9
12.7
11.7
11.6
11.5
11.2
11.4
"TOP
SPD
,104
108
109
108
105
97
102
99
99
100
103
102
105
106
109
111
110
111
114
116
117
121
121
123
125
124
1.
1.
HP/
CID
.428
.484
.484 .
.484
.542 .
.703 .
.593 .
.611 .
.635 .
657 .
.718 .
.740 .
.753
,772 .
.784
,809 .
,780
.799
,854 .
.858 .
.872
.925 .
.936 .
.988 .
.021 .
.006 .
HP/
WT
0275
0307
0310 .
0307
0293
0246
0268
0253
0250
0254
0281
0280
0304
0309
0328
0333
0326
0333
0355
0366
0372
0411
0416
0425
0435
0424
TON
-MPG
24
22
28
26
27
26
28.
29,
30,
36,
39.
41,
38,
38.
39.
40.
39.
39.
41
3 j .
40.
41.
42.
44,
45.
45.
.0
.3
.3
.4
.4
.1
.7
.1
.2
.6
.8
.8
.6
,6
.0
.0
,7
,3
0
, 9
.5
.4
.5
.4
.6
. 7
OF IMPORTED SUVs :
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
4 .6
4.2
6.7
7.0
5.6,
4WD
.0
.0
.0
.0
17.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
95.3
92.6
82.2
70.8
71.3
80.4
78.4
56.1
61.3
65.5
67.2
67.4
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL
,
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.4
91.8
91.9
79.4
72.1
58.7
51.0
47.9
47.9
40.0
34.7
30.2
24.0
22.8
15.9
17.8
17.6
LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
6.9
7.5
'13.4
24.8
36.0
48.5
52.0
52.1
60.0
65.3
69.8
76.0
74 .2
84.1
82.2
82 .4
FUEL
FI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
41.7
24.2
36.8
57.6
94.3
98.5
99.2
98.7
98.6
MOO.O
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
METERING
TBI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
18.2
15.1
40.8
29.3
41.9
38.7
15.8
15.9
7.8
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
PORT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
24.2
18.6
42.4
53.4
69.2
57.4
60.0
82.7
84.1
92.2
100.0
100.0
100'. 6
100.0
100 . 0
CARB
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
58.3
72.5
63.1
42.4
5.7
1.5
.8
1.3
1.4
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0"
.0
.0
.0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
- .0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
29.9
55.3
78.7
81.8
79.9
82.0
75.9
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL
100.
97.
94.
84.
93.
100.
100.
100 .
58.
28.
19.
28.
46.
42.
42.
36.
25
26
27
23
16
30
32
32
26
29
0
9
1
4
4
0
0
0
1
.5
.7
.4
,2
.4
.9
.4
.1
.5
.3
.4
.6
.6
.2
.1
.0
.2
MID
.0
2,1
5.9
15.6
6.6
.0
.0
.0
41.9
71.5
80.3
71.6
53.8
57.6
57.1
63.6
70.1
69.9
68.9
72.1
81.6
64.7
64.4
60.0
65.4
61.0
LARGE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4.8
3 .6
3.8
4.5
1.7
4.7
3.4
7.9
8.6
9.7
K-7
-------
Table K-9
Appendix K (Continued)
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 DOMESTIC PICKUP TRUCKS
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
SALES
(000)
1126
1639
1719
1928
1748
887
943
1008
1157
1404
1487
1490
1339
1889
1674
1392
1481
1478
1614
2181
1911
1696
2245
2142
2457
2358
FRAC
.839
.878
.849
.850
.792
.617
.655
.699
.710
.687
.716
.589
.624
.768
.750
.759
.771
.803
.806
.842
.842
.867
.933
.888
.840
.877
FUEL ECONOMY
CITY HWY 55/45
11.5
12.4
13.4
13.3
13.1
15.3
16.5
17.5
17.9
17.1
17.3
17.6
18.0
17.8
17.5
16.9
17.9
17.2
17.4
17.5
16.9
17.3
17.2
17.2
16.8
16.8
15.7
16.3
17.2
16.8
16.2
20.3
22.2
23.9
24.9
23.9
24.0
24.2
25.2
25.4
25.0
24.7
26.4
25.7
15.9
25.8
25.2
25.9
25.8
26.0
24.9
25.2
13.1
13.9
14.9
14.'.
14.3
17.2
18.6
19.9
20.5
19.6
19.8
20.0
20.7
20.5
20.2
19.7
20.9
20.2
20.4
20.5
19.8
20 .4
20.2
20.3
19.6
19.8
WGHT
LB
4241
4301
4318
4326
4486
4312
4121
3942
3783
3910
3870
3915
3796
3920
3996
4150
3931
4152
4163
4193
4327
4302
4481
4382
4440
4540
ENGINE
CID HP
343 151
344 146
347 156
339 154
330 149
305 137
293 132
268 129
242 120
252 124
253 131
252 134
239 138
•255 147
265 154
277 161
256 153
268 158
266 164
265 170
275 173
265 182
272 199
263 194
266 201
276 212
0-60
TIME
13.3
13.8
13.1
13.2
14.1
14.3
14.2
14.0
14.4
14.4
13.7
13.5
13.0
12.8
12.5
12.3
12.3
12.5
12.2
12.0
12.0
11.6
11.1
11.2
11.0
10.7
TOP
SPD
115
113
116
116
113
110
110
111
109
109
112
113
114
116
118
119
118
118
120
122
121
124
128
127
129
131
HP/
CID
.438
.423
.449
.454
.452
.452
.452
.499
.521
.512
.536
.559
.598
.595
.596
.598
.614
.607
.630
.660
.555
.708
.744
.751
.763
.775
HP/
WT
.0358
.0341
.0363 '
.035T
.0334
.0318
.0320
.0329
.0317
.0317
.0337
.0344
.0362
.0373
.0383
.0388
.0388
.0382
.0393
.0404
.0398
.0419
.0441
.0439
.0449
.0463
TON
-MPG
28.3
30.5
32.7
32.3
32.7
37.6
38.8
39.8
39.3
38.8
38.8
39.6
39.6
40.6
40.7
41.3
41.4
42.1
.42.6
43.2
43.4
44.3
45.6
44.8
43.8
45.1
PERCENT OF DOMESTIC PICKUPS:
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
16.1
23.8
25.2
30
10.5
21.6
13.7
14.1
21.3
25.5
24.1
26.6
27.6
28.5
28.8
28.8
23.9
25.6
26.9
29.1
32.5
28.0
35.2
34.2
37.2
37.3
33.0
32.9
27.7
O ? C"
27.3
39.5
39.1
37.4
42.4
39.3
38.3
38.4
43.9
41.3
42.7
34.2
43.7
38.4
35.1
32.7
33.6
30.2
22.2
23.1
19.3
17.2
.0
.0
.0
~)
1.7
35.5
42.0
42.2
39.0
41.7
44 .7
47.8
41.8
48.1
51.3
61.0
55.6
61.5
64.9
67.3
66.4
69.8
77.8
76.9
80.7
82.8
FUEL METERING
FI TBI PORT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
16.9
45.9
78.3
95.1
99.8
99.8
99.8
99.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.8
99.9
99.9
100.0
100.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.4
15.8
38.4
57.1
60.7
54.6
63.0
48.0
45.4
36.4
36.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
CARB
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
O'.Q e:
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
30.1
39.9
38.0
39.1
45.2
36.8
51.9
54.6
63.6
63.8
99.8
99.9
99.9
100.0
100.0
36.9
94 .5
97.7
92.7
96.7
98 .0
82.1
53.5
21.4
4.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
1 . 4
3.1
5.5
2.3
7.3
3.3
2.0
1.0
.6
.3
.3
.2
.2
.2
.2
.0
.0
.0
.2
.1
.1
.0
.0
FOUR
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
.0
-0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.3
.7
.4
.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0 100.0
.0 100. 0
.0 100.0
.0 100.0
.0
.0
.0
21.9
39.5
34.4
35.1
32.9
51.5
43.7
40.9
32.1
50.2
41.0
42.1
42.7
35.2
41.1
30.8
38.7
34.6
28.7
100.0
100.0
99.7
77.4
60.1
65.3
64.8
67.1
48.5
56.3
59.1
67.9
49.8
59.0
57.9
57.3
64.8
58 .9
69.2
61.3
65.4
71.3
K-8
-------
Appendix K (Continued)
Table K-ll
CHARACTERISTICS OF 1975 TO 2000 IMPORTED PICKUP TRUCKS
MODEL SALES FUEL ECONOMY
YEAR (000) FRAC CITY HWY 55/45
1975 216 .161 19.0 27.5 22.1
1976 227 .122 20..2 29.4 23.5
1977 306 .151 22.8 32.4 26.3
1978 339 .150 23.3 31.1 26.3
1979 459 .208 20.5 28.3 23.4
1980 550 .383 21.8 29.2 24.6
1981 496 .345 24.5 33.0 27.7
1982 433 .301 24.5 32.6 27.6
1983 471 .290 24.6 32.8 27.7
1984 640 .313 24.1 ,32.0 27.1
1985 590 .284 23.9 31.6 26.8
1986 1042 .411 23.3 31.6 26.4
1987 808 .376 23.1 31.9 26.4
1988 569 .232 22.5 30.4 25.5
1989 558 .250 21.8 29.5 24.7
1990 442 .241 22.0 29.9 25.0
1991 439 .229 22.1 30.1 25.1
1992 362 .197 21.9 29.8 24.8
1993 388 .194 21.8 29.9 24.8
1994 410 .158 21.8 29.9 24.8
1995 360 .158 21.4 29.0 24.2
1996 259 .133 21.3 28.8 24.1
1997 161 .067 21.2 28.4 23.9
1998 271 .112 21.4 29.1 24.3
1999 468 .160 19.8 26.6 22.4
2000 331 .123 19.6 26.7 22.3
PERCENT OF IMPORTED PICKUPS:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996.
1997
1998
1999
2000
FRONT
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4 .8
6.7
7.4
6.5
1.9
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
4WD
.0
.0
.0
6.9
20.5
20.2
22.9
26.0
23.8
23.1
28.8
23.1
22.1
28 .2
29.2
25.0
28.0
28.9
30.8
36.0
35.9
37.8
27.2
40.4
63.3
39.8
MANUAL
83 .3
81.4
82.3
88.1
88 .1
89.9
93.1
92 .2
90.3
89.1
85.0
36. 9
82.7
83.0
81.6
82.5
81.0
82.3
80.6
81.4
71.6
64.0
69.6
61.3
61.0
49.5
LOCK
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
1.0
2.0
5 .8
5.6
7.3
7.7
12.2
14.7
15.2
13.6
15.3
12.4
22.8
25.7
30.4
25.2
32.6
44 .0
WGHT' ENGINE
LB CID HP
2819 116 88
2829 117 90
2820 121 91
2844 120 88
2832 123 84
2817 124 87
2841 130 85
2901 135 88
2957 137 92
2979 135 91
3067 141 102
3085 140 100
3079 140 99
3128 144 105
3226 148 110
3228 149 120
3268 150 121
3261 149 119
3302 151 123
3336 151 124
3415 160 137
3454 164 152
3488 157 144
3489 162 153
3760 179 160
3915 190 173 ,
FUEL METERING
FI
2 .
1.
3.
13.
28.
26.
45 ,
60,
75.
86
83
89
95
100
100
100
100
100
100
0
0
0
0
0
7
8
8
3
1
4
.6
.8
.6
.1
.1
.1
.5
.1
.0
•0,
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
TBI
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
20.1
21.4
18.7
22.2
.0
.6
.6
.1
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
PORT
.0
.0
.0
A
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
8.6
5.4
26.9
37.9
75.1
85.5
82.9
89.0
94.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.-0
0-6t> TOP ,
TIME SPD
14.7 105
14.6 105
14.2 106
14.7 104
14.9 103
14.5 104
15.1 103
14.9 104
14.. 4 105
14.6 105
13.6 108
14.0 107
14.0 107
13.5 109
13.4 110
12.6 113
12.6 114
12.7 113
12.5 114 .
12.5 114
11.8 118
11.0 123
11.5 120
11.0 123
11.3 123
11.0 125
CARB
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
IDO.O
100.0
95.2
81.8
81.9
92.7
92.6
84.7
70.7
72.9
54.4
39.9
24.9
13.9
16.5
10.9
5.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
DSL
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
2.0
16.3
17.3
7.0
4 .3
1.9
.7
.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
•0
.0
HP/ HP/ TON
CID WT -MPG
.762 .0315 31.3
.772 .0320 33.5
.756 .0325 37.5
.731 - .0310 .37.8
.692 .0300 33.8
.705 .0311 35.2
.652 .0298 40.1
.651 .0305 40.7
.675 .0314 41.4
.675 .0308 40.8
.718 .0333 41.4
.713 .0325 40.9
.707 .0324 40.8
.730 .0338 40.0
.743 .0342 40.0
.801 .0373 40.6
.808 .0372 41.2
.794 .0367 40.8
.813 .0374 41.3
.821 .0376 41.6
.859 .0404 41.5
.925 .0441 41.6
.919 .0415 41.7
.946 .0440 42.5
.901 .0427 42.1
.918 .0441 43.6
FOUR VEHICLE SIZE
VALVE
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.4
34.7
65 .8
18.9
100.0
57.1
86.3
SMALL
74.1
76.0
78.6
77.8
77.9
82.3
73.7
78.3
65.2
65.6
84 .1
71.4
54.5
59.7
63 .6
65.4
70.4
69.6
67.8
87.2
82.8
85.1
81.1
96.0
100.0
75 .0
MID LARGE
25.9
24.0
21.4
22.2
22.1
17.7
26.3
21.7
34.8
34.4
15 .9
28 .6
44.9
40.2
36.4
34.6
29.6
30.4
16.4
9.5
7.4
,3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.5'
.1
.1
.1
.0
.0
15.8
3.3
9.8
14.6
18.9
4.0
.0
25.0
K-9
-------
-------
Appendix L
Table L-l
Size Class
Two Seater.
Two Seater
Two Seater
Two Seater
Two Seater
Two Seater
Two Seater
Two Seater
Two Seater
Two Seater
Two Seater
Two Seater
MiniCompact
MiniCompact
MiniCompact
MiniCompact
MiniCompact
MiniCompact
MiniCompact
MiniCompact
MiniCompact
MiniCompact
MiniCompact
MiniCompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact •
Subcompact
Subcompact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
MY2000 Best in Size Class Role Models
Rank
1
2
3
4.
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
' ' • 1
2
3
*x
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
' 4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Manufacturer
Honda
Toyota
Mazda
Mazda
Mercedes
Mazda
Mercedes
BMW
Honda
Porsche
BMW
BMW
VW
VW
Mercedes
BMW
BMW
BMW,
Porsche
Mercedes
Jaguar
Porsche
Porsche
Porsche
VW
GM Import
Honda
GM Import
VW
GM Import
GM Import
Mitsubishi
Honda
Honda
GM
Suzuki
VW
VW
Toyota
GM Import
Toyota
GM
GM Import
Toyota
Hyundai
Mazda
Chrysler
GM
Model Name
Insight
MR2
MX-5 Miata
MX- 5 Miata
SLK230
MX-5 Miata
SLK230
Z3 Roadster
S2000
Boxster
Z3 Coupe
Z3 Roadster
TT.
TT
CLK320
M Roadster
3231
3231
911
CLK430
XK8
911
911
911
Beetle
Metro
Civic HX
Metro
Beetle
Civic HX
Civic HX
Mirage
Civic
Civic
SC
Esteem
Jetta
Golf
Echo
Prizm
Echo
SL
Prizm
Corolla
Accent
Protege
Neon
SL
Weight
2000
2500
2500
2500
3500
2500
3000
3000
3000
3000
3500
3000
3000
3500
4000
3500
4000
4000
3500
4000
4000
3500
3500
3500
3000
2000
2500
2250
3000
2750
2750
2500
2500
2750
2500
2500
3000
3000
2250
2750
2500
2500
2750
2750
2500
2750
2750
2750
Drive
Front
Front
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Front
4wd
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
4wd
4wd
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
HP
67
138
140
140
185
140
185
168
240
217
168
168
180
180
215
240
168
168
296
275
290
296
296
296
90
55
115
79
90
115
115
92
106
106
100
98
90
90
108
125
108
100
125
125
90
105
132
124
CID
61
110
112
112
140
112
140
152
122
164
170
170
109
109
195
192
152
152
207
260
243
207
207
207
116
61
97
79
116
97
97
90
97
97
,116
97
116
116
91
110
91
116
110
110
91
98
122
116
TRANS
M5
M5
MS
M6
L5
L4
M5
M5
M6
M5
L4
L4
M5
MS
L5
MS
MS
L5
M6
L5
L5
A5
M6
A5
MS
M5
MS
M5
L4
M5 -
CVT
M5
MS
MS
M5
M5
M5
L4
M5
M5
L4
M5
L4
L4
MS
MS
M5
MS
MPG
76.
31.
31.
30.
29.
28.
28.
26.
26.
26.
25.
25.
29.
27.
26.
25.
24.
23.
23.
23.
22 .
22.
22.
22-.
52.
48.
45 .
45.
44 .
44.
41.
41.
40 .
39.
38.
38.
52.
44.
43.
39.
39.
38.
37.
37.
36.
36.
36.
3
8
4
2
2
9
7
2
2
0
2
1
4
2
2
1
9
3
2
1
8
7
5
3
7
9
8
5
7
2
9
7
5
4
7
6
7
7
1
6
4
7
5
4
6
5
1
36.1
Cars
L-l
-------
Appendix L (Continued)
Table L-l(Cont.) MY2000 Best in Size Class Role Models Cars
Size Class Rank Manufacturer Model Name Weight Drive HP CID TRANS MPG
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Chrysler
Mazda
Honda
GM
VW
Toyota
GM
Honda
Toyota
Honda
GM
Honda
Toyota
GM
Chrysler
Chrysler
GM
GM
GM
Ford
Ford
Chrysler
Chrysler
Chrysler
Suzuki
GM
GM
Suzuki
GM
Suzuki
Suzuki
Hyundai
Daewoe
Subaru
Daewoe
Suzuki
Ford
Ford
VW
GM
Volvo
Subaru
Subaru
GM Imports
VW
Volvo
Subaru
VW
Breeze
626
Accord
LS
Passat
Camry
LS
Accord
Camry
Accord
Malibu
Accord
Aval on
Impala
Intrepid
Concorde
Impala
Bonneville
Park Avenue
Taurus
Taurus
Intrepid
Concorde
Intrepid
Esteem
SW
SW
Esteem
SW
Esteem
Esteem
Elantra
Nubira
Impreza
Nubira
Impreza
Focus
Focus
Passat
LW
V70
Legacy
Legacy
Saab 9-5
Passat
V70
Legacy
Passat
3000
3000
3500
3000
3500
3500
3000
3000
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
4000
4000
3500
3500
4000
4000
4000
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
4000
3500
3500
4000
3500
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
4wd
Front
4wd
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
4wd
4wd
Front
Front
Front
4wd
Front
132
130
150
137
150
133
137
135
133
150
150
135
210
180
200
200
195
205
205
200
145
225
225
253
98
124
100
12'2
124
98
122
136
131
142
131
It 2
104
102
150
137
168
165
165
170
150
168
165
190
122-
122
132
134
109
132
134
138
132
132
146
138 .
183
204
165
165
231
231
231
182
182
195
195
215
97
116
116
112
116
97
112
121
122
135
122
135
121
1.21
109
134
149
150
150
141
109
149
150
169
M5
M5
M5
>M5
MS .
M5
L4
M5
L4.
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
T 4
L4
L4
L4
L4.
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
M5
M5
L4
M5
L4
L4
L4
M5
M5
L4
A4
M5
L4
L4
M5
L4
M5
MS
L4
M5
L5
L5
L4
MS
35
32
32
31
31
31
SO-
SO
30
29
29
28
28
27
27
27
26
26
26
26
26
25
25,
24
37
36
35
35
33
33
.33
'31
30
29
29
29
33
32
31
29
28
27
27
27
27
27
27
.5
. 5
.1
.9
.3
.0
.5
.4
.1
.9
. 4
.6
.1
.5
.3
.3
.9
.6
.6
.4
.3
.5
.4
.8
.9
.1
.4
. 1
.9
.7
.7
.3
.1
.7
.5
.4
. 9
.6
.3
.4
.1
.9
.9
.5
.4
.3
.2
26.9
L-2
-------
Appendix L (Continued)
Table L-2 MY2000 Best in. Size Class Role Models Light-Duty Trucks
Size Class Rank Manufacturer Model Name Weight Drive HP CID Trans MPG
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Midsize SUV
Midsize SUV
Midsize SUV
Midsize SUV
Midsize SUV
Midsize SUV
Midsize SUV
Midsize SUV
Midsize SUV
Midsize SUV
Midsize SUV
Midsize SUV
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
^
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Chrysler
GM
GM
Chrysler
Toyota
Honda
Chrysler
Chrysler
Mazda
Chrysler
Ford
Nissan
VW
Ford
Ford
GM
Ford .
GM
Ford
Chrysler
GM
Chrysler
GM
GM
Suzuki
GM Imports
Toyota
Suzuki
GM Irr,pc__s
Toyota
Suzuki
Suzuki
GM Imports
GM Imports
Toyota
Toyota
Honda
Honda
Honda
Chrysler
Toyota
Isuzu
Toyota
Suzuki
Toyota
Chrysler
Chrysler
Suzuki
Voyager
Montana
Venture
Caravan
Sienna
Odyssey
Caravan
Caravan
MPV
Caravan
Windstar
Quest
Eurovan
E150 Econoline
E150 Econoline
G1500-2500 Chevy Van
El 50 Club Wagon
G1500-2500 Chevy Van
E150 Econoline
B1500 Van
G1500-2500 Chevy Van
B1500 Van
G1500-2500 Chevy Van
G1500-2500 Chevy Van
Vitara
Tracker
RAV4
Vitara
Trackt .
RAV4
Vitara
Vitara
Tracker
Tracker
RAV4
RAV4
CR-V
CR-V
CR-V
Cherokee
4 Runner
Rodeo
RX 300
Grand Vitara
4 Runner
Cherokee
Cherokee
Grand Vitara
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4500
4000
4500
4000
4500
4000
4000
4500
5000
5000
5000
5500
5000
5000
4500
5500
4500
5500
5500
2750
2750
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3500
3500
3500
3500
4000
4000
4000
3500
4000
3500
3500
3500
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Front
4wd
4wd
Front
Rear
4wd
Rear
Rear.
4wd
4wd
Front
4wd
4wd
Rear
Rear
Rear
Front
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
4wd
150
185
185
162
190
205
150
162
170
162
200
170
140
220
260
200
215
220
205
175
200
230
220
255
97
97
127
97
97
127
97
97
127
127
125
127
146
146
146
120
150
129
220
155
150
125
190
155
148
204
204
201
183
212
181
201
152
232
232
200
170
280
330
262
280
305 '
256
239
262
318
305
350
97
97
122
97
97
122
97
97
122
122
122
122
120
120
120
150
164
134
183
152
164
150
242
152
L3
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4 .
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
L3
L4
L4
L4
L4
M5
M5
M5
M5'
M5.
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
M5
L4
L4
M5
MS
L4
M5
L4
M5
M5
L3
M5
M5
25
25
25
24
24
24
24
23
23
23
23
23
19
19
19
18
18
18
18
18
.18
18
17
17
31
31
30
30
30
30
30
29
29
28
28
28
27
27
27
25
25
24
24
24
23
23
23
23
.9
.0
.0
.3
.0
.0
.0
.2
.1
.0
.0
.0
.6
.5
. 1
.9
.7
. 7
.5
.5
.3
.2
. 9
.8
.1
. 1
. 9
.7
.7
.5
.3
.5
.1
.5
.3
. 1
.5
.1
.1
.7
.0
.9
.2
.0
.8
. 7
.6
.4
L-3
-------
Table L-2 (Cont.)
Appendix L (Continued)
MY2000 Best in Size Class Role Models
Light-Duty Trucks
Size Class Rank Manufacturer Model Name
Weight Drive HP CID Trans
MPG
Large SUV 1 Mercedes
Large SUV 2 Ford
Large SUV 3 Ford
Large SUV 4 Mercedes
Large SUV 5 GM
Large SUV 6 Ford
Large SUV 7 Chrysler
Large SUV 8 Ford
Large SUV 9 Ford
Large SUV 10 GM
Large SUV 11 GM
Large SUV 12 Chrysler ,
Small Pickup 1 Nissan
Small Pickup 2 Nissan
Small Pickup 3 Toyota
Small Pickup 4 Toyota
Small Pickup 5 Nissan
Small Pickup ' 6 Toyota
Small Pickup. 7 Toyota
Small Pickup 8 Toyota
Small Pickup 9 Toyota
Small Pickup 10 Toyota
Small Pickup 11 Nissan
Small Pickup 12 Toyota
Midsize Pickup 1 GM
Midsize Pickup 2 GM
Midsize Pickup 3 Ford
Midsize Pickup 4 Chrysler
Midsize Pickup 5 Chrysler
Midsize Pickup 6 Ford
Midsize Pickup 7 GM
Midsize Pickup 8 GM
Midsize Pickup 9 GM
Midsize Pickup 10 Ford
Midsize Pickup 11 Ford
Midsize Pickup 12 GM
Large Pickup 1 GM
Large Pickup 2 Ford
Large Pickup 3 Toyota
Large Pickup 4 GM
Large Pickup 5 Ford
Large Pickup 6 GM
Large Pickup 7 Ford
Large Pickup 8 GM
Large Pickup 9 Toyota
Large Pickup 10 Toyota
Large Pickup 11 Ford
Large Pickup 12 GM
ML320
Mountaineer
Mountaineer
ML430
CIS 00 Yukon
Expedition
Durango
Mountaineer
Mountaineer
CIS 00 Yukon
K1500 Yukon
Durango
Frontier
Frontier
Tacoma
Tacoma
Frontier
Tacoma
Tacoma
Tacoma
Tacoma
Tacoma
Frontier
Tacoma
S10
Sonoma
Ranger
Dakota
Dakota
Ranger
S10
S10
S10
Ranger
Ranger FFV
S10
C1500 Sierra
F150
Tundra
C1500 Sierra
F150
C1500 Silverado
F150
C1500 Sierra
Tundra
Tundra
F150
C1500 Sierra
5500 4wd
4000 Rear
4500 4wd
5500 4wd
5500 Rear
5000 Rear
4500 Rear
4500 Rear
4500 4wd
5500 Rear
550.0 4wd
4500 Rear
3000 Rear
3500 Rear
3000 Rear
3000 Rear
3500 Rear
3500 Rear
3500 Rear
3500 Rear
4000 4wd
3500 4wd
4000 4wd
4000 Rear
3500 Rear
3500 Rear
3500 Rear
3500 Rear
4000 Rear
3500 Rear
3500 Rear
3500 Rear
3500 Rear
4000 Rear
3500 Rear
4000 Rear
4000 Rear
4000 Rear
4000 Rear
4500 Rear
4000 Rear
4500 Rear
4500 Rear
4500 Rear
4000 Rear
4500 Rear
4500 Rear
4500 Rear
215 195
160 244
205 244
268 260
275 293
220 280
235 287
211 302
211 302
240 293
240 293
230 318
142 146
142 146
142 149
142 149 .
142 146
190 206
190 206
150 164
150 164
150 164
142 146
183 206
118 134
118 .134
118 153
120 150
120 150
118 153
118 134
118 134
180 262
145 244
145 182
180 262
180 262
205 256
190 206
240 293
205 256
190 262
205 256
200 262
190 206
190 206
205 256
265 325
L5 20.8
L5 20.8
L5 20.7
L5 19 . 7
L4 19.5
L4 19.5
L4 19.3
L4 19.0
L4 18.6
L4 18.4
L4 18.3
L4 18.2
M5 28.7
M5 28.2
M5 27.4
A4 26.2
L4 25.0
M5 24'. 3
L4 23.9
L4 23.5
L4 23.3
L4 22.9
MS 22.3
L4 22.1
M5 29.6
M5 28.4
M5 28.3
MS 25.7
M5 25.7
L4 • 25.5
L4 25.2
L4 24.6
MS 23.0
MS 23.0
M5 22.9
MS 22.8
MS 22.8
MS 21.3
L4 21.1
L4 21.0
L4 20 . 9
M5 20.9
M5 20.8
L'4 20.8
M5 20.8
MS 20.7
L4 20.7
L4 20.5
L-4
-------
Appendix L (Continued)
Table L-3
MY2000 Best in EPA Inertia Weight Class Role Models
Weight Rank Manufacturer Model Name
Drive HP CID Trans Size Class
Cars
MPG
2000
2000
2250
2250
2250
2250
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
'2750
2750
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
1
2
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
' 10
11
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Honda
GM Import
GM Import
Toyota
Toyota
GM Import
Honda
Mitsubishi
Honda
Toyota
GM
Suzuki
Mitsubishi
Mitsubishi
Hyundai
Suzuki
GM
Suzuki
Honda
Honda
Toyota
Honda
GM
Suzuki
GM Import
Toyota
Honda
Mazda
Chrysler
GM
VW
VW
Chrysler
Ford
Mazda
Ford
Ford
Honda
VW
GM
Hyundai
Honda
Insight
Metro
Metro
Echo
Echo
Metro
Civic HX
Mirage
Civic
Echo
SL
Esteem
Mirage
Mirage
Accent
Esteem
SL
Esteem
Civic HX
Civic HX
Corolla
Civic
SC
Esteem
Prizm
Corolla
Civic
Protege
Neon
SW
Beetle
Jetta
Breeze
Focus
626
Focus Wagon
Cougar
Integra
Beetle
Cavalier
Elantra
Integra
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
.Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
. Fron~
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
67
55
79
108
108
79
115
92
106
108
100
98
113
92
90
122
100
98
115
115
125
106
100
98
125
125
127
' 105
132
124
90
90
132
104
130
102
120
140
150
120
136
170
61
61
79
91
91
79
97
90
97
91
116
97
112
90
91
112
116
97
97
97
110
97
116
97
110
110
97
98
122
116
116
116
122
121
122
121
121
112
109
134
121
110
M5
M5
M5
M5
L4
A3
M5
M5
M5
L4
M5
M5
M5
L4
M5
M5
L4
L4
M5
CVT
M5
M5
M5
M5
L4
L4
M5
M5
M5
M5
M5
L4
M5
L4
M5
L4
M5
M5
M5
M5
M5
M5 .
Two Seater
Subcompact
Subcompact
Compact
Compact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Compact
Compact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Compact
Subcompact
Compact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Compact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Small Wagon
Compact
Compact
Subcompact
Compact
Compact
Small Wagon
Subcompact ,
Compact
Midsize
Compact
Midsize
Midsize Wagon
Compact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Compact
Subcompact
76.
48.
45.
43.
39.
37.
45.
41.
40.
39.
38.
38.
37.
36.
36.
36.
36.
35 .
44 .
41.
39.
39.
38.
37.
37.
37.
37.
36.
36.
36.
52.
44 .
35.
33.
33.
32.
32.
32.
32 .
32 .
3
9
5
1
4
6
8
7
5
4
7
6
2
7
6
2
0
0
2
9
6
4
1
9
5
4
2
5
1
1
7
7
5
9
5
6
4
3
,3
.1
32.1
32.1
L-5
-------
Appendix L (Continued)
Table L-3(Cont.) MY2000 Best in EPA Inertia Weight Class Role Models
Cars
Weight Rank Manufacturer Model Name
Drive HP CID Trans Size Class
MPG
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
5000
5000
5500
5500
6000
6500
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
1
1
Honda
VW
Nissan
Toyota
Nissan
Toyota
Honda
GM
GM
GM
Mercedes
Honda
Mercedes
Gm Import
Gm Import
Subaru
Mercedes
Mercedes
GM
GM Import
GM
Mercedes
GM
Volvo
Mercedes
Mercedes
VW
BMW
Ford
Mercedes
Mercedes
Mercedes
Jaguar
Ford
BMW
Mercedes
BMW
BMW
Roll Royce
Roll Royce
Roll Royce
Roll Royce
Accord
Passat Wagon
G20
Camry
G20
Camry Solara
Accord
Grand AM
LW
Malibu
SLK230
Accord
E320
Saab 9-5
Saab 9-5 Wagon
Legacy Wagon
E320 4Matic
E320 Wagon
LeSabre
Saab 9-5
Camaro
CLK320
Camaro
C70 Convertible
S430
E430 4Matic
A8
5401
Town Car
S500
CL500
SL500
Vander Plas
Crown Victoria
7401
SL600
740IL
750IL
Park Ward
Bent ley
Bent ley
Corniche
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Rear
Front
Rear
Front
Front
4wd
4wd
Front
Front
Front
Rear
Rear
Rear
Front
Rear
4wd
4wd
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
150
150
145
133
145
133
150
150
137
150
185
135
221
170
170
165
221
221
205
230
200
215
200
236
275
275
310
282
215
302
302
302
370
175
282
390
282
326
322
350
350
325
132
109
122
132
122
132
132
146
134
146
140
138
195
141
141
150
195
195
231
141
231
195
231
142
260
260
255
268
281
303
303
303
243
281
268
365
268
328
328
412
412
412
MS
M5
M5
MS
L4
L4
L4
MS
L4
L4
L5
L4
L5
M5
M5
L4
L5
L5
L4
MS
L4
L5
MS
M5
L5
L5 .
L5
L5
L4
L5
L5
L5
L5
L4
L5
L5
L5-
L5
L5
L4
L4
L4
Midsize
Midsize Wagon
Compact
Midsize
Compact
Subcompact
Midsize
Compact
Midsize Wagon
Midsize
Two Seater
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize
Midsize Wagon
Large
Midsize
Subcompact
Mini Compact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Large
Midsize
Large
Compact '
Large
Large
Compact
Two Seater
Midsize
Large
Midsize
Two Seater
Large
Large
Large
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
?2 .
31.
31.
31.
30.
30.
29.
29.
29.
29.
29.
28.
27.
27.
27 .
27.
26.
26.
26.
26.
26 .
26.
26.
26.
23.
22,
22 .
22
22
21
21
21
20
20
20
17
21
18
16
15
15
15
1
3
0
0
2
1
9
5
4
4
2
6
9
6
5 '
2
9
6
6
5
3
2
.1
.1
.0
.8
. 8
.7
.5
.7
.7
.6
.9
. 7
.2
.7
. 8
. 1
.1
.1
.0
.2
L-6
-------
Appendix L (Continued)
Table L-4
MY2000 Best in Weight Class Role Models
Light-Duty Trucks
Weight Rank Manufacturer Model Name
Drive HP CID Trans Size Class
MPG
2750
2750
2750
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
1
2
3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Suzuki
GM Import
Toyota
Toyota
Suzuki
GM Import
Toyota
Suzuki
Suzuki
GM Import
Nissan
GM Import
Toyota
Toyota
GM Import
GM
GM
GM
Nissan
GM Import
Subaru
Subaru
Toyota
Suzuki
Honda
Honda
Honda
Chi. /sler
Chrysler
GM
Toyota
Isuzu
Isuzu
Chrysler
Toyota
Nissan
Toyota
Chrysler
Toyota
Vitara 2 -Door
Tracker
RAV4 2WD
RAV4<-WD
Vitara 2 -Door
Tracker
RAV4
Vitara 2 -Door
Vitara 2 -Door .
Tracker
Frontier
Tracker
RAV4
RAV4
Tracker
S10
Sonoma
Ranger
Frontier
Tracker
Forester
Forester
RAV4
Vitara 4 Door
CR-V
. CR-V
CRrV
yager
Dakota-
Montana
4 Runner
Rodeo
Ami go
Voyager
RX 300
Xterra
Sienna
Voyager
4 Runner
Rear
Rear
Front
Front
4wd
4wd
Front
Rear
4wd
Rear
Rear
Rear
4wd
4wd
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
4wd
4wd
4wd
4wd
4wd
Front
4wd
4wd
'"•ront
Rear
Front
Rear
Rear
Rear
Front
Front
Rear
Front
Front-
Rear
97
97
127
127
97
97
127
97
97
127
142
127
125
127
127
118
118
118
142
127
165
165
127
127
146
146
146
150
120
185
150
129
129
162
220
143
190
150
150
97
97
122
122
97
97
122
97
97
122
146
122
122
122
122
134
134
153
146
122
150
150
122
122
120
120
120
148
150
204
164
134
134
201
183
146
183
181
164
M5
MS
MS
MS
M5
M5
L4
L4
L4
L4
MS
L4
L4
MS
,M5
M5
M5
MS
M5
L4
MS
- L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
M5
L3
MS
L4
L4
MS
M5
L4
L4
M5
L4
L4
MS
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV .
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small Pickup
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Midsize Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Small Pickup
Small SUV
Small SUV -'
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Midsize SUV
Midsize SUV
Midsize SUV
Midsize Van
Midsize Pickup
Midsize Van
Midsize SUV
Midsize SUV
Small SUV
Midsize Van
Midsize SUV
Small SUV
Midsize Van
Midsize Van ,
Midsize SUV
31
31
30
30
30
30
30
30
29
29
28
28
28
28
28
29
28
28
28
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
25
25
25
25
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
23
. 1
. 1
.9
.9
.7
.7
. 5
.3
.5
. 1
.7
.5
. 3
. 1
. 0
.6
.4
.3
.2
.9
. 9
. 9
. 8
. 7
. 5
. 1
.1
.9
.7
. 0
.0
.9
.8
.3-
.2
.2
.0
.0
.8
L-7
-------
Appendix L (Continued)
Table L-4 (Cont.)
MY2000 Best in Weight Class Role Models
Light-Duty Trucks
Weight Rank Manufacturer Model Name
Drive HP CID Trans Size Class
MPG
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
SOOO
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
1 Honda
2 Chrysler
3 Chrysler
4 Chrysler
5 Ford
6 Chrysler
7 Mitsubishi
8 Chrysler
9 Chrysler
10 Ford
11 GM
12 GM
1 GM
2 GM
3 GM
4 Ford
5 Ford
6 Ford
7 Ford
8 GM
9 GM
10 Toyota
11 Ford
12 Ford
1 Mercedes
2 Mercedes
3 GM
4 Ford
5 VW
6 GM
7 GM
8 GM
9 GM
10 Ford
11 GM
12 GM
1 GM
2 Ford
3 Toyota
4 Chrysler
5 Ford
6 Ford
7 Ford
8 GM
9 Chrysler
10 Chrysler
11 Ford
.Odyssey
Caravan
Town & Country
Caravan
Windstar
Caravan
Montero
Dakota
Caravan
Explorer •
CIS00 Silverado
C1500 Silverado
C1500 Silverado
C1500 Silverado
C1500 Silverado
F150
Expedition
E150 Econoline
F150
Astro
CIS00 Silverado
Tundra
E150 Econoline
F150
ML320
ML430
C1500 Yukon
E150 Club Wagon
Eurovan Camper
CIS00 Yukon
K1500 Tahoe
G1500-2500 Chevy
G1500-2500 Chevy
Expedition
K1500 Tahoe
G1500-2500 Chevy
K1500 Suburban
E150 Club Wagon
Land Cruiser Wagon
Ram 1500
Navigator
Expedition
Navigator
Escalade
Ram 1500
Ram 1500
E250 Econoline
Front
Front
Front
Front
• Front
4wd
4wd
Rear,.
4wd
4wd
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
4wd
4wd
'Rear
Rear
Rear
4wd
4wd
Rear
Hear
Front
Rear
4wd
Van Rear
Van Rear
4wd
4wd
Van Rear
4wd
Rear
3n 4wd
4wd
4wd
4wd
Rear
4wd
4wd
4wd
Rear
205 212
162 201
162 232
162 232
200 232
162 232
173 181
175 239
162 232
160 244
240 293
190 262
240 293
265 325
240 293
220 280
220 280
220 280
220 280
190 262
240 293 "
240 273
260 330
260 330
215 195
268 260
275 293
215 280
140 170
240 293
240 293
200 262
220 305
220 280
285 325
255 350
265 325
255 330
230 273
230 318
300 330
260'' 330
300 330
255 350
245 360
230 318
200 330
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
M5
L4
M5
L4
M5
L4
L4
M5
M5
L4
L4
L4 '
L4
M5
L4
L4
L4
L5
L5
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
M5
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
L4
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Midsize SUV
Midsize Pickup
Midsize Van
Midsize SUV
Large Pickup
Large Pickup
Large Pickup
Large Pickup
Large Pickup
Large Pickup
Large SUV
Large Van
Large Pickup
Midsize Van
Large Pickup
Large Pickup
Large Van
Large Pickup
Large SUV
Large SUV
Large SUV
Large Van
Midsize Van
Large SUV
Large SUV
Large Van
Large Van
Large SUV
Large SUV
Large Van
Large SUV
Large Van
Large SUV
Large Pickup
Large SUV
Large SUV
Large SUV .
Large SUV
Large Pickup
Large Pickup
Large Van
24 . 0
23.2
23.0
22.6
22.5
21.7
• 21. -6
21. 5
21.5
21.0
21.0
20.9
20.1
19. 9
19.7
19.5
19.5 •
19.5
19.5
19 .4
19.3
19.3
19.1
19.1
20.8
19.7
19.5
18.7
18.5
18.4
18.3
18.3 ,
17.9
17.9
17.8
17 . 8
17.2
17.2
17.1
16.6
16.2
16.2
16 .1
16 . 1
15.8
15.4
15.0
L-8
-------
Appendix L (Continued)
Table L-5 Effect of Weight and O-to-60 Time Changes On Model Year 1975 to 2000 Light-Duty Vehicles
Each Year's Adjusted 55/45 MPG from Adjusted 55/45 MPG from
Actual Data Using Model Year 1990's: Using Model Year 1981's:
Inferior Volume
From Using:
Each 1990
Year's Wt.
Data •Mix
1981
Wt.
Mix
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1995
1997
1998
1999
2000
4058
4059
3944
3588
3485
3101
3076
3054
3112
3099
3093
3041
3031
3047
3099
3176
3154
3230
3207
3250
3263
3282
3274
3307
3366
3387
14.
14.
14.
13.
13.
14.
14.
14.
14.
13.
13.
13.
13.
12
12.
12.
11.
11,
11
11.
10.
10
10
10
10
10
2
4
0
.7
.8
.3
.4
.4
.0
.8
,3
.2
,0
q
.1
.8
.5
.6
.4
.9
.8
.7
.6
.5
.3
15.
17.
18.
19.
20.
23.
25.
26.
25.
26.
27.
27.
28.
28.
2d.
27.
28.
27.
28.
28.
28,
28..
28.
28.
28.
28
8
5
3
9
3
5
1
0
9
3
0
9
.1
.6
,1
.8
,0
,6
.2
,1
.3
.3
.4
.5
.2
.1
17.
19.
20.
20.
20.
21.
22.
23.
23.
24.
25.
25.
26.
27.
27.
27.
28.
28.
28.
29.
30.
30.
30.
30.
30.
31.
8
2
2
4
2
0
2
0
6
1
1
9
2
1
3
8
1
5
8
0
2
4
5
8
8
1
14.
15.
17.
18.
19.
21.
23.
23.
24.
24,
25,
26,
27,
27,
27
27
28
28
28
28
29
29
29
30
29
29
,6
.9
.0
.7
,0
.6
.0
.9
.1
,7
.8
.8
.1
.9
.8
.8
.3
.2
.7
.7
.6
.6
.9
.1
.8
.9
19.
21.
22.
21.
21.
22.
24.
24.
25.
25.
26.
26.
26.
27.
27.
27.
27.
28.
28.
28.
29.
29.
29
29
29
29
8
7
2
9
6
7
0
8
1
4
1
7
8
,5
,5
,8
,'7
.0
.3
.5
.0
.1
.2 '
.4
.5
.6
20.
21.
22.
23.
22.
23.
25.
' 25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
29.
30.
30.
. 3i:
31.
32.
32.
32.
33.
33.
33.
34.
33.
34.
0
5
9
1
8
6
1
9
6
-^
3
0
2
1
4
0
5
1
3
5
7
8
7
1
8
8
15.
17.
18.
20.
20.
23.
25.
26.
26.
26.
28.
29.
29.
30.
30,
30,
30
30
31
31
32
32
32
32
32
32
.9
4
6
,4
i
.5
,1
,1
,3
.9
. \
.1
.5
.3
.1
.1
.6
.5
.1
.1
.0
.0
.2
.5
.2
.3
20.
22.
23.
22.
22.
23.
25.
25.
26.
26.
27.
27.
28.
28.
28 ,
28,
28,
29,
29
29
30
30
30
30
30
30
4
2
1
8
6
7
1
9
.2 .
,6
,3
.9
.0
.6
.7
.9
.9
.2
.5
.6
.2
.2
.2
.3
.2
.7
110
109
109
104
106
106
109
108
108
107
107
107
107
107
107
108
108
108
109
109
109
109
109
110
95
102
102
105
108
108
109
108
109
109
109
109
109
107
107
107
107
107
107
107
107
106
105
106
95
100
101
104
107
107
10-8
107
108
109
108
108
108
105
106
106
106
106
106
107
105
105
104
105
L-9
-------
Appendix L (Continued)
Table L-6 Effect of Vehicle Type/Size and O-to-60 Changes on MY1975 to MY2000 Light-Duty Vehicles
Each Year's
Actual Data
Model Interior 0-60
Year
Cars
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
199S
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
Trucks
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
Volume
110
109
109
104
107
106
109
108
108
107
107
107
108
107
107
108
108
108
109
109
109
109
109
110
Time
14.2
14.4
14.0
13.7
13.8
14.3
14.4
14.4
14.0
13.8
13.3
13.2
13.0
12.8
12.;,
12.1
11.8
11.5
11.6
11.4
10.9
10.8
10.7
10.6
10.5
10.3
13.6
13.8
13.3
13.4
14.3
14.5
14.6
14.5
14.5
14.7
14.1
14.0
13.3
12.9
12.8
12.6
12.6
12.5
12.1
12.0
12.0
11.5
11.4
11.2
11.1
11.0
55/45
MPG
15.8
17.5
18.3
19.9
20.3
23.5
25.1
26.0
25.9
26.3
27.0
27.9
28.1
28.6
28.1
27.8
28.0
27.6
28.2
28.1
28.3
28.3
28.4
28.5
28.2
28.1
13.7
14.4
15.6
15.2
14.7
18.6
20.1
20.5
20.9
20.5
20.6
21.4
21.6
21.2
20.9
20.7
21.3
20.8
21.0
20.8
20.5
20.8
20.6
20.9
20.4
20.5
Adjusted 55/45 MPG by
Using Model Year 1990
Size Mix
& 0-60
Time
14.3
15.9
17.0
18.8
18.7
20.7
23.0
23.9
24.3
24.8
26.1
26.8
27.0
27.8
27.8
27.8
28.1
28.2
28.8
28.7
29.7
29.9
30.2
30.5
30.3
30.5
13.3
14.0
15.4
15.1
13.9
16.3
17.4
17.7
18.0
18.0
18.8
19.3
19.8
20.3
20.2
20.2
20.5
20.4
21.0
20.9
20.9
21.7
22.0
22.3
21.8
22.3
Just
0-60
Time
14.6
15.9
17.0
18.7
19.0
21.6
23.0
23.9
24.1
24.7
25.8
26.8
27.1
27.9
27.8
27.8
23.3
28.2
28.7
28.7
29.6
29.6
29.9
30.1
29.8
29.9
12.9
13 .4
14.9
14.5
13.4
16.9
18.2
18.6
18.9
18.5
19.0
19.9
20.6
20.5
20.3
20.2
20.8
20.4
20.9
20.8
20.5
21.2
21.1
21.5
21.1
21.3
Just
Size
Mix
15.6
17.4
18.3
20.1
20.1
22.6
25.0
26.1
26.1
26.4
27.2
27.9
27.9
28.4
28.-
27.8
27.8
27.6
28.2
28.0
28.4
28.6
28.8
28.9
28.6
28.7
14.5
IE . 1
16 . 5
16.2
15.4
18.0
19.3
19.5
19.9
20.0
20.3
20.9
20.7
20.9
20.7
20.7
21.0
20.8
21.2
21.0
21.0
21.4
21.6
.21.7
21.2
21.6
Inertia Weight:
From Using:
.ze Mix
: 0-60
Time
15.9
17.9
19.2
20.9
21.0
23.2
25.1
25.9
26.5
26.7
28.1
28.9
29.2
30.1
30.0
30.0
30.4
30.6
31.1
31.0
31.8
32.1
32 .8
32.9
32.8
32.9
15.0
15.8
17.5
17 .1
15.7
18.3
19.9
19.9
19.8
19.6
20.2
20.6
20.7
21.1
21.0
21.2
21.4
21.3
22-. 0
21.8
21.5
22.3
23.1
23 .1
22.4
23.2
Just
0-60
Time
15.9
17.4
18.6
20.4
20.7
23.5
25.1
26.1
26.3
26.9
28.1
29.1 '
29.5
30.3
30.1
30.1
30.6
30.5
31.1
31.1
32.0
32.0
32.2
32.5
32.2
32.3
14.0
14.6
16.2
15.8
14.7
18.4
19.9
20.3
20.7
20.2
20.8
21.7
22.4
22.3
22.1
22.0
22.6
22.1
22.6
22.5
22.2
23.0
22'. 8
23.2
22.8
23.0
Just
Size
Mix
15.7
17.8
.18.9
20.5
20.7
23.2
25.1
25.°
26.0
26.0
27.0
27.7
27.8
28.4
28.0
•27.7
27.8
27.8
28.2
27.9
28.1
28.5
28.9
28.9
28.7
28.6
14.8
15.7
17.0
16.7
15.7
18.5
20.1
20.1
19.9
19.7
19.7
20.2
19.9
20.0
19.8
19.8
20.1
20.0
20.5
20.1
19.9
20.2
20.7
20.5
19.9
20.5
Each
Year ' s
Data
4058
4059
3944
3588
3485
3101
3076
3054
3112
3099
3093
3041
3031
3C17
30^j
3176
3154
3240
3207
3250
3263
3282
• 3274
3307
3366
3387
4072
4155
4135
4151
4252
3869
3806
3806
3763
3782
3795
3738
3713
3841
3921
4005
3948
4056
4073
4130
4184
4225
4344
4282
4356
4433
1990
Sizf
Mix
4096
4049
3952
3547
3512
3217
3081
3065
3087
3089
3063
3043
3045
3063
3090
3176
3178
3228
3200
3246
3255
3249
3235
3254
3299
3300
3919
3956
3971
3977
4109
3962
3906
3957
3966
3886
3845
3847
3880
3921
3966
4005
4013
4061
4038
4096
4104
4136
4171
4154
4225
4238
1 981
Size
Mix
4030
3945
3812
3466
3405
3153
3076
3073
3088
3115
3080
3060
3065
3068
3108
3195
3193
3241
3220
3272
3292
3282
3234
3259
3286
3306
3834
3873
3884
3893
4029
3907
3806
3885
3913
3911
3915
3923
3977
4038
4081
4114
4112
4174
. 4148
< 4218
4254
4278
4315
4329
4408
4390
L-10
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