vvEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office Of Water
(WH546)
EPA 430/09-90-016
December 1990
Collecting Household
Hazardous Wastes At
Wastewater Treatment Plants
Case Studies
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." -ill;
'A it
Acknowledgements
This document was prepared by
Enyironmental Re^urces Management,
Inc., Exton, PA under EPA Contract 68-
C9-0035. Jerry Demuro was the Project
Manager and Carolyn Nunley was the
,':,; project Analyst, Technical (firec'tron ^ '
the study was provided by Hitesh Nigam
of the EPA Office of Municipal Pollution
Control.
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Notice
This document has been reviewed by the
U.S. Enyisoffinental...Protection Agency
and approved for publication. Mention
of trade names or commercial products
does not constitute endorsement pr
recommendations for use.
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Collecting
Household Hazardous Wastes
At Wastewater Treatment
Plants
United States
Environmental Protection Agency
401 M Street SW. (WH-546)
Washington DC 20460
December 1990
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Contents
Section 1
Section 2
Section 3
Section 4
References
Appendix
Tables
1-1
2-1
2-2
2-3
4-1
4-2
Introduction
Case Studies - Hosting HHW Collection at the Wastewater
Treatment Plant
2.1 Rationale
2.2 Case Study: St. Johns, Michigan
2.3 Case Study: Palo Alto, California
Case Study - Hosting HHW Collection at a Facility Other
then the WWTP, with WWT'P Sponsorship
3.1 Rationale
3.2 Case Study: South Central Regional Water Authority,
New Haven, Connecticut
Case Studies - Co-Sponsoring HHW Collection
4.1 Rationale
4.2 Case Study: Jefferson County, Kentucky
4.3 Case Study: Orange County, California
Figures
2-1
2-2
2-3
4-1
4-2
4-3
1-1
2-1
2-1
2-1
2-4
3-1
3-1
3-1
4-1
4-1
4-1
4-6
4-9
Appendix A Example HHW Collection News Release A-l
Appendix B Example Flyer HHW Collection (Palo Alto) B-l
Appendix C Household Hazardous Materials Collection Day
Survey C-l
Appendix D Request for Proposals Household Hazardous
Waste Collection Program - Sample D-l
Summary HHW Collection Programs 1-2
Household Hazardous Waste Collection., St. Johns, Michigan 2-3
Household Hazardous Waste Disposal Program Summary, Palo Alto,
California Fiscal Year 1989-90 2-7
Household Hazardous Waste Day, Palo Alto, California 28 April 1990 2-7
Household Hazardous Materials Collection Louisville/Jefferson County,
Kentucky Project Summary 4-4
Household Hazardous Materials Collection Project Orange County,
California, July 1990 Activity Recap 4-8
St. Johns HHW Collection Event 2-1
Verifying St. Johns Residence 2-2
Collection and Packaging Area St. Johns, MI 2-2
Orange County's Permanent HHW Collection Center 4-6
HHW Containment at Orange County 4-7
HHW Collection and Sorting Area Orange County, CA 4-7
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Section i
Introduction
The advent of integrated solid waste
management programs across foe United
States has produced a growing need for
environmentally sound alternatives for
the disposal of Household Hazardous
Waste (HHW). HHW includes
pesticides, motor oil and automobile
batteries, common cleaners, solvents,
paint products, and any other household
material that may be corrosive, reactive,
ignitable, or otherwise damaging to
human and environmental health. Recent
research has evaluated how household
hazardous waste being handled by
homeowners affects the quality of
domestic sewage discharged to
wastewater treatment plants. Studies have
found that HHW contributes significantly
to injuries, accidents, and environmental
contamination. As much as 7.5 percent
of municipal treatment plant influent is
reportedly comprised of residential
organic chemicals; the residential
contribution of hazardous metals is
reportedly 20 percent of the influent.
(USEPA 1986)
Solvents, paint thinners and
degreasers, pesticides, gasoline and used
motor oil are often disposed in residential
wastewaters. Substantial contributions of
metals in wastewaters result from
disposal of a variety of cleaners and
cosmetics along with paint products and
hobby supplies. These types of
contaminants in wastewater can result in
worker injuries, pipe damage and
environmental pollution. In addition, air
emissions -resulting from sludge
incineration and ground and surface
water contamination from residues in
land-disposed sludge increase the
environmental liability associated with
wastewater treatment. As the population
increases and environmental regulations
tighten, HHW collection programs
present an opportunity to reduce the
potential for this type of contamination
and improve the public image and
understanding of the importance of
wastewater treatment and the impact of
HHW on wastewater treatment
processes.
Hundreds of HHW collection
programs are implemented throughout
the country each year. These programs
include community collection events,
door-to-door collection, and permanent
collection centers and are sponsored by
various organizations such as wastewater
treatment facilities, water supply utilities,
private industry, recycling centers, and
municipal government centers.
Community collection events are
commonly conducted over a one or
two-day period at local municipal
centers, e.g., schools, public facilities.
These events range in cost from $5,000
to over $100,000 per event dependent on
the extent of participation and die types
of waste collected. Community events
are often successful at removing large
quantities of HHW from the municipal
waste stream; however, they are typically
expensive (in comparison to permanent
centers) because of the inability to
accurately forecast participation.
Community events are also understaffed
and ill-equipped to handle certain waste
types and volumes. Permanent collection
centers offer opportunities for year round
HHW collection, and, unlike community
events, typically provide adequate areas
for collection and storage of all types and
volumes of HHW. These facilities,
however, are costly to construct, and
may require special permitting.
Door-to-door or curbside collection
events are becoming less common;
participation in these events is generally
minimal. Excessive personnel liability is
associated with this type of collection
program.
Wastewater treatment plants can
provide ideal facilities for HHW
collection. These facilities are often
equipped to handle emergency spills and
may offer a disposal option for
non-hazardous household materials. In
addition, HHW collection at wastewater
treatment plants creates an opportunity
for public education about HHW and _
wastewater treatment.
The extent of involvement of a
wastewater treatment plant in HHW
collection can vary. Collection programs
or permanent centers can be located at a
wastewater treatment facility or
sponsored or co-sponsored by the
municipal sanitary treatment authority.
Five case studies outlining the role of the
wastewater treatment plant in HHW
collection are presented in the remainder
of this report. The studies are intended
to provide details on the organization,
development and implementation of
HHW collection programs related to
wastewater treatment plants. This
information can be used as a supplement
to other EPA publications relating to
HHW collection (e.g., "How to Design
and Implement a Household Hazardous
Waste Collection Program"), available
from EPA's Office of Solid Waste and
Emergency Response in developing an
appropriate HHW collection program.
Key components of the HHW
collection programs outlined in this
report are summarized in Table 1-1.
Daily participation for each collection
event averaged 374 participants. The
extent of participation varied with the
population serviced and the type of
collection (events or permanent). Lower
daily participation was observed for
permanent collection centers.
Funding sources for the events
included municipal, state, and public
organizations. In each case,
municipalities are in the process of
identifying and evaluating dedicated
future funding sources.
Principle problems and limitations
associated with HHW collection
1-1
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programs identified in this study included
inability to accurately forecast public
participation which lead to budgeting and
logistical problems (e.g., traffic
congestion and lack of working space
during collection events). Sponsoring
agencies also demonstrated a lack of
understanding of local and state
permitting and liability issues.
Permanent centers, for example, were
designed and built for containment of
hazardous materials, and appeared
over-equipped for HHW collection.
One-day events relied on contractors that
were certified hazardous waste haulers,
but were overwhelmed by the extent of
public participation and therefore poorly
prepared for HHW collection.
Ttbfe 1-1
Summary of HHW Collection Programs
Design
Characteristics
Program Type
Location
Local or
regional program
Population served
Number of
participants per day
'(households)
Sponsoring
agencies
Operational cost
Construction cost
Funding source
State permit
required
HHW Programs
St. Johns, MI
one-day
Wastewater
Treatment Facility
local
7,800
452
City of St. Johns
Water Treatment
Facility
$10,000
NA
refuse
collection bill
no
Orange County,
CA
permanent weekly
Recycling Center
regional
2.5 million
90
Orange County
govt. Orange
County Fire Dept.
unknown
at this time
$5,000 per facility
landfill tipping fee
yes
Palo Alto, CA
regular one-day
Wastewater
Treatment Plant
local
65,000
526
City of Palo Alto
Water Treatment
Plant
$50,000
NA
refuse
collection 'bill
yes
South Central CT
Regional Water
Authority
permanent seasonal
Dedicated
Collection Facility
regional
15 participating
.towns
152
Regional Water
Authority 15
.participating towns
unknown
at this time
$250,000
town general funds
yes
Jefferson County,
KY
one-day,
multiple sites
Six public
parking lots
regional
750,000
3,900 (total)
City of Louisville
Jefferson County
Gov,t Metropolitan
, Sewer District
$320,000
NA
general city and
county funds
no
NA-notappkcihJc
* preBfrinMy figure that docs not Include leased storage unils
1-2
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Section 2
Case Studies-
Hosting HHW Collection At The
Wastewater Treatment Plant
2.1 Rationale
Principal concerns in-siting of HHW
collection centers are accessibility to
emergency spill equipment and water
supplies, and potential for facilities to
adequately provide for traffic flow. A
number of communities have, found that
wastewater treatment plants (WWTP)
provide the necessary spill control
measures, water supplies and vehicular
accessibility for HHW collection as well
as offer convenience to target
populations. Use of the treatment plant
for one-day collection events is also
advantageous over the use of other public
facilities since other events which would
conflict with a .collection program are not
likely hosted by the WWTP (e.g., high
school sporting events, social activities).
Locating permanent centers at the
WWTP also provides continued staffing
for screening and storage of HHW.
The cities of St. Johns, Michigan and
Palo Alto,, California were identified as
two municipalities where HHW
collection is held at the WWTP. St.
Johns provides annual one-day collection
events at the WWTP, while Palo Alto,
which formerly conducted HHW
collection at the recycling center, has
recently initiated quarterly HHW
collection at the WWTP. Both
communities reported enthusiastic public
participation. Neither event conflicted
with operation of the treatment facility.
Each community intends to continue
HHW collection at the WWTP.
2.2 Case Study St. Johns,
Michigan
Introduction
Since 1988, the City of St. Johns,
Michigan has held two, one-day HHW
collection events at the local wastewater
treatment plant. Both events were
organized to increase public awareness of
the wastewater treatment process and the
importance of proper disposal of HHW.
la addition, the HHW collection events
aided the local voluntary recycling
program by providing a safe disposal
alternative for iion-recyclables. It also
provided an opportunity for local and
regional elected officials to view HHW
collection and wastewater treatment
processes first hand.
Program Design
Location and Schedule
The following is based on the most
recent HHW collection event held at the
St. Johns Wastewater Treatment Facility
(WTF) on Saturday, June 30, 1990
(Figure 2-1). This event was advertised
as part of the city's annual Spring Clean
Up. During Spring Clean Up the city
provides additional waste collection
, services to discard items not normally
, handled by the regular refuse hauler
1 (e.g., bulk items, appliances, furniture,
! etc.). Throughout the two-week Spring
; Clean Up program, residents were
instructed to consolidate HHW and take
it to the HHW collection event. Drug
and Lab Disposal Inc., a mil service
HHW collection and disposal contractor
was hired to service the event. In
addition, the WTF offered a HHW home
pick-up service to senior citizens. In the
week prior to the collection day senior
citizens could call the WTF and arrange
for a staff person to pick up HHW. This
material was stored at the WTF for
disposal by Drug & Lab Disposal, Inc.
on the day of the collection event.
The WTF is conveniently located,
and is well designed for HHW collection.
The driveway is U-shaped and facilitates
good vehicular circulation, preventing
traffic problems. The public is greeted
at the facility gate by a WTF employee
who checks identification for proof of St.
Johns residency (Figure 2-2). Traffic
moves around behind the facility to the
collection site where participants are
asked to complete a questionnaire
relating to the collection program and
proceed to the unloading area. The
questionnaire is designed to solicit
Figure 2-1
St. Johns HHW I
Collection Event
HOUSEHOLD
WASTE
COLLECTION
HERE
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Figure 2-2
Verifying St. Johns Residence
information relating to the public
perception of the HHW collection
program. Citizens are encouraged to
remain in their cars while materials are
unloaded by staff from the WTF and the
contracting company (Figure 2-3).
Chemists from the collection company
classify the material and prepare it for
transport.
The St. Johns WTF, tertiary
treatment facility, learned about HHW
collection from the State of Michigan
Waste Management Division (WMD).
WMD administers the Clean Michigan
Fund to award grant money to municipal
governments for-the purpose of
developing and implementing HHW
collection events. This fund was used
for the first HHW collection event in St.
Johns (1988); it was not used for the
1990 event since the fund is intended
only for program development.
Municipalities are charged with
maintaining the subsequent collections.
Figure|2-3
Collection ana Packaging Area
St. Johns Ml
Personnel
The city retained a contractor to sort,
store, transport and dispose of HHW
collected during the event. WTF staff,
however, provided many services
including advertising, home pick-up, and
organizational and touring responsibilities
during the collection event. Advertising
and home pick-up involved
approximately two employees, part-time, |
over a three-week period prior to the
collection event. During the event three
WTF employees were needed to direct
traffic, check LD.'s for residence
verification, administer questionnaires,
and help the contractor unload HHW
from the vehicles. Several other
employees were available to give facility
tours and answer questions about the
facility.
Emergency staff (e.g., police, fire
department) were not at the WTF during |
collection events. However, the local
hospital and the fire department was
informed of the event.
Contractor
Drug and Lab Disposal, Inc. was hired
to complete the collection events that
have been held in St. Johns. Rather than
using a competitive bid process, the
municipality researched local HHW
collection contractors and made their
decision based on the HHW collection
2-2
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experiences of other municipalities in the
area. Drug & Lab Disposal, Inc. is
equipped and licensed to haul special
industrial and hazardous waste. They
operate a certified Toxic Substances
Disposal Facility (TSDF) and can
therefore expedite the packing process
and re-sort materials at their facility.
Administrative Organization
Funding
Costs involved for St. John's HHW
collection events include the contractor's
services, advertising such as posters,
mailings, and press releases, and internal
costs for staff on the collection day and
days preceding the event for home
pick-up for senior citizens.
Internal costs to the municipality for
publicity and labor are difficult to
quantify; however, they are estimated at
approximately $2,500. The budget for
contracted services for the first event was
set for between $6,000 and $9,000. The
actual cost of the hauler's services was
$7,800. For the second event, a
not-to-exceed $10,000 budget was
negotiated with the contractor. The
actual value of contractor services at the
second event was $28,379; St. Johns,
however, was only charged $10,000
because of the not-to-exceed price
ceiling. The high cost of the collection
was attributed to the large turn-out
resulting from coordinating the collection
event with the City's Spring Clean Up.
The municipality anticipates 'that the costs
for future collection events will be
significantly greater because the
contractor is now aware of the quantity
of HHW that will be collected and will
be more conservative in future budget
negotiations.
Publicity
The collection event was advertised using
direct mailings, newspaper articles, and
notices on bulletin boards in grocery
stores and laundromats. Copies of
newspaper articles are provided in
Appendix A (Item 1). HHW brochures
from the Water Pollution Control
Federation were also mailed to residents
along with a detailed notice of the event.
The notice stressed that the collection
event was free and was provided as a
means for residents to recognize the '
hazardous materials in their households
and conveniently dispose of them. In
addition, the notice advised senior
citizens that door-to-door collection was
available at their request.
Regulatory /Liability Requirements
The State of Michigan does not require
municipalities to purchase additional
insurance or obtain special permits for
HHW collection. However, the waste
hauler is required to be fully licensed and
insured for collection, transportation, and
hauling of hazardous materials.
Results
The results of the June 1990 St., Johns
HHW collection event are presented in
Table 2-1. The event was considered
successful on the basis of public
participation and positive feedback from
the community. The event drew
approximately 452 participants from a
population of approximately 7,800. This
is a high level of participation compared
to the turn-out observed at similar
one-day collection events held elsewhere
in the United States (1 % to 2% on
average). Municipal staff attribute the
success to the coordination of the event
with the City's annual Spring Clean Up.
Materials collected included. 915 gallons
Table 2-1
Household Hazardous Waste Collection
St. Johns, MI
June 30, 1990
Sponsor:
Contractor:
Participation:
City of St. Johns
Drug and Lab Disposal
452 vehicles
Waste Collected
Unknown Aerosols
Oil based Paints
Automobile Batteries
Pesticides
Liquid Solvents
Asbestos
452 cans '
915 gallons
3,902 Ibs.
21 gallons
400 gallons
4 cu. ft.
of oil based paint, 3,902 pounds of car
batteries, 21 gallons of pesticides, 4
cubic feet of asbestos, and 400 gallons of
paint thinner and other solvents.
The Citizens of St. Johns were
enthusiastic about the collection event
and indicated on questionnaires a
willingness to pay a greater fee for the
service. The WTF received numerous
telephone calls after the event from
individuals who had missed the
opportunity and still wanted to dispose of
HHW- The county government is
therefore planning a HHW collection
event for the near future and is seeking
assistance from the City of St. Johns in
organizing the .event.
Problems and Limitations
The main problem with HHW collection
in St. Johns is the financial and
manpower commitment required for
contractor services. As mentioned
earlier, the actual value of the most
recent collection event far exceeded the
municipality's budget and therefore the
2-3
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next collection event is anticipated to be
much more costly. To reduce costs, the
municipality is considering operating
future events using trained staff from the
WTF to sort, package and transport the
material off site. However, this idea is
under preliminary investigation and any
decision will require full consideration of
all aspects of the tasks required for
HHW collection.
Contacts
Roy Anklam, (SIT) 224-8944
Superintendent
Wastewater Treatment Facility
121 East Walker Street
P.O. Box 477
St. Johns, Michigan 48879-0477
Randy L. Humphrey, (517) 224-8944
City Manager
City of St. Johns
121 East Walker Street
P.O. Box 477
St. Johns, Michigan 48879-0477
2.3 Case Study Palo Alto,
California
Introduction
The Palo Alto Department of Public
Works initiated a HHW collection
program in 1983 to minimize toxic
chemical contamination of municipal
wastewater at the Regional Water Quality
Control Plant (RWQCP), protect refuse
workers from injuries associated with
HHW, and prolong the life and protect
the environmental integrity of the City
landfill. The City has been cited for a
violation by the California Integrated
Waste Management Board for disposal of
unacceptable materials (paint cans and
empty flammable material containers) in
the landfill. The HHW collection
program is designed to reduce the
volume of such materials requiring
landfill disposal.
Over the last seven years, 26 HHW
collection events have been held at the
Palo Alto Recycling Center. These
events are held on a quarterly basis and
have had greater participation in recent
years. As a result, the City decided to
relocate the collection events to the
RWQCP to minimize traffic problems
and provide a more organized collection
program.
Program Design
Location and Schedule
HHW collections in Palo Alto are held at
the RWQCP quarterly, on Saturdays
from 10:00 am to 3:00 pm. However,
starting in September, 1990, the City
began a trial monthly collection program
on Saturdays from 9:00 am to 12:00
noon. The Palo Alto Public Works
Department sponsors the events. A
HHW collection contractor is hired to
package and transport and dispose of
HHW.
HHW collection events were
originally located adjacent to the
RWQCP at the Palo Alto Recycling
Center, on the grounds of the local
landfill. This 2.4 acre site provided
adequate space for unloading and sorting
materials; however, traffic flow became
problematic as attendance at these events
increased. Consequently, the City
recently moved the HHW collection
events to the RWQCP. Unlike the
Recycling Center, the RWQCP has a
separate entrance and exit, along with
ample parking space to allow good traffic
flow through the facility. The collection
site is situated along the edge of a
parking lot. The HHW collection
contractor, Safety Specialists, Inc., (SSI)
sets up tables and tent areas for sorting
and packaging HHW. The contractor
also surveys participants to verify city
residence, identify first-time attendees
and determine the number of households
represented by a single carload. All
attendees are required to remain in their
vehicle while the contracting staff
unloads HHW.
Because Palo Alto has had a HHW
collection program for so long, the
schedule and organization of the events
has become somewhat standardized. SSI
has always serviced Palo Alto for HHW
collection and is familiar with the
attendance rates and the city's approach
to HHW collection.
2-4
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Personnel
Administrative Organization
Regulatory/Liability Requirements
SSI, the HHW collection contractor,
provides complete service for HHW
collection events, therefore these events
do not involve a large staff of city
employees. Most events are staffed by
one city employee from the Public
Works Department and approximately 24
contracted professionals including 5
people to administer surveys and direct
traffic, 15 technicians, 3 chemists and 1
project manager. The city employee is
available to answer questions, make any
necessary decisions, and oversee the
contracted staff.
Contractor
Contractor selection is conducted through
a competitive bid process. Every three
years the city issues a Request for
Proposal (RFP) for the program. The
RFP outlines the city's requirements for
the contract and specifies the number and
qualifications of employees to staff the
events, as well as the services (including
traffic control, materials handling, site
preparation, demobilization and cleanup)
that must be provided by the contractor.
SSI has always been awarded the
contract for HHW collection; Because
SSI is not a full Toxic Substance
Disposal Facility, the company must
contract with various hazardous waste
management facilities to dispose of Palo
Alto's HHW appropriately. SSI is fully
licensed with the United States
Department of Transportation to
transport hazardous materials.
SSI attempts to recycle much of the
HHW collected at Palo Alto. Motor oil
and reusable solvents are separately
collected for reuse as fuel; automobile
batteries are recycled. Non-recyclable .
materials are sent either to an incinerator
or to a Class I landfill elsewhere in the
State of California.
Funding
The budget for each event in the
1990-1991 operating year was raised to
$55,000 from the 1989-1990 budget of
$40,000. Actual costs vary, but the
average actual cost per event for
1989-1990 was $50,474. This figure
represents only charges for the
contractor. Internal costs for program
organization and administration are not
tracked; however, these tasks, because
they have been standardized over the
years, require less financial commitment
than the original program development.
The HHW collection program is
funded through the residents' refuse fee
set by the Palo Alto City Council. The
council is supportive of HHW collection,
consistently approving increases in the
program budget. The residents are also
supportive of the collection program.
Survey results from recent collection
events indicate that 78 % of the attendees
surveyed were willing to pay an
additional fee of between $5.00 to
$20.00 for the service.
Publicity
Because the residents of Palo Alto
consistently support regular HHW
collection events, publicity for these
events is limited to a utility bill insert
one month in advance of the event
(Appendix A Item 2) and a notice in the
local newspaper one week in advance.
The notices identify HHW arid provide
an explanation of why it should be taken
to the collection event. A directional
map for the collection site is also
printedon the notice, along with a
reference to the state transportation
regulations limiting the amount of .
hazardous materials that may
betransported.
HHW is not exempt from California
regulations governing hazardous waste
handling. These regulations require
permits for any activity that involves the
handling of hazardous waste. Therefore,
for HHW collection events,
municipalities in California must obtain a
letter of approval or a variance from the
permit requirement from the California -
Department of Health Services.
Permanent facilities that store HHW for
up to 90 days are generally not eligible
for this variance, and must apply for a
full hazardous waste handling permit.
California HHW regulations are currently
in transition; the Department of Health is
moving to a permit-by-rule approach that
will allow 7-day storage for one-day
events and will require appropriate
documentation of plans for emergency
response and site operation.
The City of Palo Alto is self-insured;
however, the contract with the collection
company stipulates that the company
maintain a $1,000,000 insurance policy
including full workman's compensation,
general and comprehensive liability, and
sudden or accidental pollution coverage.
The contractor must also name the City
of Palo Alto as an additional insured
party.
2-5
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Results
Problems and Limitations
Contacts
Because Palo Alto has sponsored HHW
collections for a number of years, they
have acquired a large database of
information about participation rates,
materials collected and costs involved.
Results of each collection during the
1989-1990 period are markedly constant
(Table 2-2). Of Palo Alto's 65,000
residents, an average of 526 households
(approximately 3 %) are represented at
each event. This level of participation is
relatively high for regularly scheduled
collections. Table 2-3 summarizes the
survey results and volumes of HHW
collected from the April 28, 1990 event
held at the RWQCP. Over half of the
participants had never attended a HHW
collection event and most had learned
about it from the utility bill insert.
Future events are expected to
continue to attract a consistent level of
participation. RWQCP managers were
attentive to the HHW collection event
and its impact on the facility. Although
they were not directly involved with this
first collection event, the RWQCP
managers are working on an education
campaign to familiarize the public with
wastewater treatment. These collection
events provide a forum that could be
extremely valuable to this outreach
effort.
The biggest problem encountered at
events held at the recycling center was
traffic control and disruption of the .
recycling operation. Because the center
shares the access road with the local
landfill, residents transporting goods to
the landfill were inconvenienced by the
long lines resulting from HHW
collection. Communication became
problematic as these individuals were not
aware of the reason for the delay.
While these traffic problems were not
encountered at the RWQCP, a minor
problem was reported for this location.
Sensors at the plant used to monitor for
chlorine leaks are extremely sensitive and
are known to be activated with some
frequency. Although these alarms have
never indicated a real danger to
individuals on site, they can cause
concern among the collection participants
and staff if they sound during the event.
Therefore, precautions must be taken to
limit the number of cars entering the
facility at any given time to facilitate safe
evacuation if it becomes necessary.
During an event held on July 28, 1990,
the alarm went off; traffic was halted at
the entrance and the problem was
rectified, preventing any necessary
evacuation or disruption of the collection
event.
Chad Centola, (415) 496-6980
City of Palo Alto
Public Works/Operations
Municipal Service Center
3201 E. Bayshore Boulevard
P.O. -Box 10250
Palo Alto, California 94303
Phil Bobel, (415) 329-2285
Manager
Environmental Compliance Division
Public Works Department
2501 Embarcadero Way
Palo Alto, California 94303
2-6
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Table 2-2
Household Hazardous Waste Disposal Program Summary
Palo Alto, CA
Fiscal Year 1989-90
July Oct. Jan. Apr.
Participation (No.) 1989 1989 1990 1990
Vehicles
Households represented
Previous participant
New Participant
398
463
175
223
470
541*
283
187
423
462
191
232
538
641
233
305
Hazardous Waste Collected (No.)
Drums for disposal 978 253 109 116
Drums for incineration 24 13 16 23
Gallons of latex paint recycled 2,133 180 556 1,262
Vehicle batteries recycled 32 30 36 89
Costs
Estimated budget
Actual expended
$40,000 40,00040,000 40,000
$46,675 63,79643,276 48,148
* Due to heavy rainfall, the survey takers were unable to record full
information.
The number of households figure is an estimate based on responses
from 231 vehicles.
Table 2-3
Household Hazardous Waste Day,
Palo Alto, CA
April 28, 1990
Number of Vehicles
Number of Households
Previous participants
New participants
538
641
233
305
How participants heard of program:
Newspaper ad 118
Utility bill 369
City Offices 18
Word of Mouth 13
Other 32
Council Questions Yes
Aware program funded
by garbage fee 164 - 30%
Aware of cost to City $100-200
per participant 35 - 6%
Willingness to pay
additional fee* 419 -
How much
$5
$5-20
+$20
up from 423
up from 462
43%
57%
22%
69%
3%
2%
No
374 - 70%
503 - 94%
119 - 22%
246-59%
156 - 37%
17- 4%
Hazardous Waste Collected
Drums of hazardous waste packed for disposal
Drums of hazardous waste packed for incineration
Drums of latex paint recycled
Auto batteries recycled throjigh City program
"Comments regarding additional fee:
Do not support additional fee - deterrent to proper disp<
already too many fees.
Support of additional fee - support if users fee only, suj
if based on volume produced.
2-7
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Section 3
Case Study
Hosting HHW Collection At A Facility
Other Than The WWTP, With WWTP
Sponsorship
3.1 Rationale
The wastewater treatment facilities of
many communities either because of
location or type of operation, do not
provide adequate facilities for HHW
collection. This, however, does not
preclude the involvement of municipal
wastewater authorities in HHW
collection. In these instances, municipal
wastewater authorities can provide
sponsorship and staffing for HHW
collection programs.
The South Central Regional Water
Authority of New Haven Connecticut
services a number of rural communities
with small, simplified wastewater
treatment facilities. Larger wastewater
treatment facilities of the type required to
host an HHW collection do not exist
within the Authority's service territory.
The Authority has therefore assisted in
the development of an HHW collection
program which relies on a permanent
collection center. Details of the operation
of the permanent center follow.
3.2 Case Study South Central
Regional Water Authority,
New Haven, Connecticut
Introduction
Connecticut's first permanent HHW
redemption center is located at the South
Central Connecticut Regional Water
Authority in New Haven. Previously the
area relied on intermittent, one-day
collection events sponsored by individual
municipalities. However, because these
events were costly to implement and
participation was limited, the Regional
Water Authority committed to building a
permanent HHW collection center. The
facility is open to residents from the 15
municipalities participating in the project
on Saturdays for six months each year
(April - October).
Program Design
South Central Connecticut's regional
HHW collection facility, Hazwaste
Central, is a permanent facility operated
seasonally from April through October.
The facility is located in the parking lot
behind the Regional Water Authority
building and is open for service on
Saturdays from 9:00 am to 12:00 noon.
The Regional Water Authority hired
Laidlaw Environmental Services, Inc.
(Laidlaw), a private HHW collection
company, to operate the facility and
transport HHW off site on a monthly
basis. Participation is encouraged from
all individuals served by the Authority
although proof of residence is not
required. Each of the 15 participating
towns sponsors two collection events a
year at Hazwaste Central. These events
are referred to as Home Days.
Transport and disposal costs along with
publicity and volunteers are provided by
the town sponsoring the Home Days.
Volunteers direct traffic, administer
public response surveys and answer
participants' questions.
Hazwaste Central is fully permitted
by the Connecticut Department of
Environmental Protection (DEP) as a
solid waste handling facility. The permit
allows material to be stored for up to 90
days. The facility was designed
according to state regulatory
specifications; it includes three ventilated
storage bays and three 250-gallon waste
oil storage tanks situated on a raised
concrete platform within a large paved
bermed area. The facility is fenced and
equipped with alarm systems designed to
detect forced entry, leaks and fires.
Drainage, including runoff, is discharged
through an oil-water separator; a
shower/eyewash station is located at each
end of the facility. A large awning that
provides shelter from rain is assembled
for each event and tables covered with
plastic are placed in various locations to
sort the material. A telephone and other
equipment are housed in a small shed at
the corner of the facility.
The staff at the Regional Water
Authority was introduced to the concept
of HHW collection after a study
commissioned by the New Haven
Recycling Program identified their
facility as an optimal location for a
permanent HHW collection center. The
Authority is conveniently located adjacent
to Interstate 95 in New Haven on a large
property with sufficient space to handle
traffic. The Water Authority's
commitment to this project was followed
by efforts to gain the active support of
the communities serviced by the
Authority. The Water Authority solicits
partial funding, advertising, and staff
from various community volunteer
organizations to assist in operating the
collection facility.
3-1
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Personnel
Staff requirements on the part of the
Regional Water Authority have been
limited. A Mi-time consultant was hired
for the first two years of Hazwaste
Central operation. The consultant
worked with the design engineers, DEP,
participating towns, and the collection
company to build the facility, develop
operational protocol, and negotiate
permits, contracts, financial
contributions, and agreements. Two
part-time workers also assist with public
outreach and volunteer training.
Additional part time help is provided to
assist with budget and billing issues.
Laidlaw provides 5 to 16 employees
for each weekly collection. These
individuals are trained in hazardous
materials handling procedures and are the
only people responsible for unloading,
sorting and packing HEW. Each week,
5 to 10 volunteers from the town
sponsoring the collection are available to
direct traffic, answer questions and
administer surveys. Generally, these
individuals are selected from local civic
organizations such as the League of
Women Voters, the Rotary Club and
local garden clubs.
Contractor
Laidlaw, a full service company
experienced in HHW collection, was
selected by the Water Authority on the
basis of competitive bid. Contractor
selection was based on a criteria matrix
that included cost and level of
perience.
Administrative Organization
Funding
Administrators from the South Central
Regional Water Authority presented
plans for Hazwaste Central to the South
Central Regional Council of
Governments to raise funds for the
project. The Council provided a
preliminary forum to present the project
to towns serviced by the Authority.
Although town representatives to the
Council were receptive to the plan,
further efforts were necessary to present
the project to individual town councils to
obtain a three-year funding commitment
from each community.
Fiscal requirements for the HHW
collection facility include construction
costs, operating costs (including transport
and disposal), and internal administrative
costs. The total budget for constructing
the facility, approximately $250,000, is
financed over three years by participating
towns, the Water Authority, and a grant
program offered by the Connecticut State
Legislature that provided $100,000 for
construction. To defray the costs of
building and operating Hazwaste Central,
the Water Authority also solicited private
contributions from organizations such as
Olin Charitable Trust, Browning Ferris
Industries, Cestari & Company and the
Humphrey Chemical Company, Inc.
Contributions totalled approximately
$46,000. Some of these contributions
were dedicated for development of public
service announcements, educational
videos, newspaper advertisements and
color brochures.
Operating, transport and disposal
costs for each collection event are the
responsibility of the fifteen participating
towns, based on the population and
estimated attendance at Hazwaste
Central. For the first fiscal year of
operation, five percent of the transport
and disposal costs are being paid by the
DEP from start-up funds available for
first-time HHW collection programs.
Each town sponsors two events per year
which range in cost from approximately
$1,800 to $32,000, depending on
participation rates (quantity collected).
Publicity
Construction of the permanent facility
was highly publicized throughout the area
through public service announcements,
press releases, newspaper articles and
advertisements and informational inserts
with the water bills. The collection
events continue to be advertised in the
press and by organizations. Each town
draws volunteer staff from local civic
organizations such as the Lions, Rotary,
and Garden clubs to assist at Home
Days. Advertising and staffing HHW
collection events gives these groups
visibility and an opportunity for fund
raising activities.
Regulatory /Liability Requirements
Regulatory and liability issues are
considered the most costly and
time-consuming aspect of building the
permanent HHW collection facility.
Neither the DEP nor the Water
Authority's insurance company had
experience in permanent HHW
collection.
HHW is exempt from Connecticut
Hazardous Waste Regulations.
Organizations sponsoring HHW
collection events or developing
permanent facilities are required by the
State of Connecticut to obtain a
3-2
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Municipal Solid Waste Handling Permit,
however. The Water Authority's HHW
collection facility was the first of its kind
to be permitted by the DEP. Because of
this precedent, the facility design was
regarded as crucial to the appropriate
development of future facilities. It was
therefore permitted in accordance with
guidelines for hazardous material storage
facilities. The permitting process was
extensive and required significant
negotiation of storage and disposal
standards.
In addition to permitting, liability
issues for the towns and Water Authority
were subject to negotiation. The Water
Authority spent considerable time
educating the insurance companies and
participating towns on the HHW
collection liability issues. The Water
Authority developed a service contract
with Laidlaw, under the direction of
legal counsel, which specified the
services, permits and insurance to be
provided by the collection company, as
well as provisions to indemnify the
Water Authority and Council of
Governments against general liability for
operation for the facility. Laidlaw was
required to demonstrate generator status
and document licenses as a transporter of
the waste. Laidlaw was also required to
provide trained personnel and materials
necessary for appropriate response to
emergency situations. These
requirements were outlined in the RFP.
Results
Although Hazwaste Central is still
operating in its first season, the
collections held thus far are considered
successful. The number of available
volunteers and contracted personnel have
been sufficient to allow for smooth
operation of the facility. An average of
152 households were represented at each
collection event, bringing waste oil, used
batteries, paint, pesticides, antifreeze and
other materials to the facility. Estimates
of quantities of HHW collected at these
events is not available at this time;
however, the Water Authority feels the
events have improved public awareness
of HHW and its potential impact on
water quality. The event also
demonstrated the importance of the
utility's services to the community.
Problems and Limitations
Obtaining funding and state permits were
the two greatest problems encountered in
planning and building Hazwaste Central.
Both elements were critical to the
completion of the project and required a
great deal of time and effort on the part
of the Regional Water Authority.
Problems involved in operating the
facility have not yet been assessed.
Contacts
Susanna Rumon, (203) 624-6671
Public Affairs Department
Regional Water Authority
90 Sargent Drive
New Haven, Connecticut 06511-5966
Thomas C. Jackson, (203) 624-6671
Public Affairs Department
Regional Water Authority
90 Sargent Drive
New Haven, Connecticut 06511-5966
3-3
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Section 4
Case Studies-
Co Sponsoring HHW Collection
4,1 Rationale
Community involvement is HHW
collection programs is not limited only to
wastewater treatment authorities. A
number of municipal agencies can be
involved in the development of HHW
collection. Two municipalities, Jefferson
County, Kentucky and Orange County,
California have implemented programs
involving sponsorship by wastewater
treatment and other municipal entities.
The details of these programs follows.
4.2 Case Study Jefferson
County, Kentucky
Introduction
A one-day, county-wide HHW collection
event was initiated in Jefferson County,
Kentucky, on April 21, 1990, in
conjunction with Earth Day celebrations.
This effort was organized by the City of
Louisville in collaboration with the
Metropolitan Sewer District (MSD), the
Health Department, and county
government, with each agency providing
either volunteer staff, financial, or
organizational support for the collection
event. Six HHW collection centers were
located throughout the county, and all
locations drew a large number of
residents throughout the day. Plans are
underway to organize future regularly
scheduled HHW collection events.
HHW collection in Jefferson
County was originally proposed by a task
force from the MSD because of concerns
about release of hazardous materials in
the municipal sewer system. A major
explosion caused by a release of hexane
from a local industrial facility in the
early 1980's destroyed 5 miles of the
municipal sewer and raised interest in
control of household discharges to
sewers. In addition, several accidents in
J_ouisville were attributed to improper
disposal of HHW, the most notable of
which involved injuries to a sanitation
worker burned by muriatic acid in the
municipal waste stream. MSD proposed
annual collection events as a means to
educate the public of the effects of HHW
on the sewage treatment processes. As
sewage effluent limitations became more
stringent and waste minimization a more
important issue, the City and the County
Health Department became more
interested in the benefits of HHW
collection programs.
The Household Hazardous Materials
Collection Committee (HHMC), a group
representing the City of Ixmisville,
Jefferson County, and the MSD was
therefore created. This committee
organized the 1990 HHW collection
project and provided financial support.
The HHMC determined that
one-day collection events would be the
most effective approach to HHW
collection in the county. The HHMC
completed the basic tasks that were
necessary to organize a collection event
including soliciting funds from their
respective organizations, establishing a
budget, selecting a program design and
contractor, developing a publicity
campaign, drafting a participation survey
or questionnaire, and soliciting the
assistance of community services and
volunteer groups.
Program Design
The Jefferson County HHW collection
event was .designed by representatives
from the City of Lxmisville, the
Metropolitan Sewer District (MSD) and
the Jefferson County government as a
regional one-day event servicing the
County's population of approximately
700,000. HHW collection was held at
six locations, three within Ixmisville City
limits and three outside of the City, in
Jefferson County. These locations were
selected on the basis of convenience and
accessibility to target populations within
the county's 300 square mile area.
Sites with two entrances were
preferred so as to provide separate
ingress and egress, eliminating the need
for traffic to cross itself and the potential
for congestion. Other factors that were
4-1
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considered included the availability of the
site on the preceding afternoon for set-up
activities and accessibility to a water
supply and restroom facilities for
wash-up and emergency purposes.
The collection and ultimate disposal
of HHW was contracted to Laidlaw
Environmental Services Inc., (Laidlaw),
& licensed hazardous materials
transporter that the Jefferson County
administrators selected through a
competitive bid process. Collection
began at 9:00 a.m. and continued until
4:00 p.m. Attendees were greeted at the
entrance by volunteers administering
questionnaires (Appendix A Item 3).
The questionnaire was designed to collect
information about the residents' habits
and attitudes toward HHW disposal, their
home addresses, the types of materials
brought to the site, and opinions
regarding the location, frequency, and
funding of HHW collection events.
Volunteers screened materials for
regulated hazardous waste and individual
disposal of large quantities of material
that would identify a possible small
quantity generator.
The collection stations, provided
and assembled by the contractor,
consisted of tables covered with plastic
situated under tents to protect the area
from inclement weather. Materials were
sorted on tables and packaged for
transport by the contracted personnel.
Volunteers from local chemical and paint
companies were available to pro-sort
HHW materials. Usable paint, along
with motor oil and automobile batteries,
was diverted from the collection stream
for recycling. Other materials collected
included pesticides, solvents, antifreeze
and common household cleaners.
As participants left the site,
volunteers collected questionnaires,
answered any questions and distributed
HHW informational brochures. MSD
did not distribute specific literature about
wastewater treatment facilities; however,
the general brochure did discuss the
effect of HHW on wastewater treatment
processes.
Personnel
Laidlaw provided 4 to 6 employees per
site; 1 to 3 HHMC members, one of
whom was designated Site Manager,
were also present at each collection
location. Anticipating a large turn-out of
residents at each collection location, the
HHMC solicited a large staff of
volunteers and city and county employees
to assist in organizing collection
activities. On average, 24 volunteers
from local civic and environmental
groups, and chemical and paint
companies were available at each site
throughout the day.
For the most part, HHW handling
was limited to the contracted personnel.
However, volunteers trained in hazardous
materials handling were involved in
pre-sorting of materials, particularly for
recyclable paint. Other volunteer
responsibilities included welcoming cars;
distributing explanatory and
informational literature, questionnaires
and pencils; screening vehicles for types
of material; directing traffic; and
unloading material from vehicles.
Volunteers from the paint and chemical
companies sorted used paint for recycling
and performed a preliminary pre-sorting
of other materials.
Shifts for volunteers were scheduled
for four hours, from 8:30 am to 12:30
pm and from 12:00 pm to 4:00 pm.
This allowed volunteers one-half hour
before the first shift to read the
instructions prepared by HHMC and to
receive direction from the Site Manager.
It also allowed one-half hour overlap
between shifts so that the second shift
volunteers could read instructions,
observe the first shift in action, and ask
any questions. Instructions included a
training sheet listing "ground rules" of
the collection and an explanation of the
operation and the function of each
volunteer.
To ensure a safe environment, a
fire truck, a police officer to direct
traffic, and an officer from the local
bomb squad to detonate any explosives
were present at each site. In addition,
staff from the Emergency Medical
Service were also present to respond to
any medical emergencies.
Contractor
Laidlaw was selected to service the
collection centers by the HHMC through
the competitive bid process. Requests
for Proposals (Appendix A Item 4) were
distributed to area contractors as required
by City-County purchasing regulations.
A committee member obtained and
reviewed RFPs that had been issued by
other communities and drafted a
document that met Jefferson County's
needs. The RFP was carefully
constructed, to elicit quotes that could be
easily compared (i.e., requesting specific
unit pricing, equipment and labor costs).
The RFP outlined bid conditions,
including a minimum liability insurance
requirement of $15,000,000 (later
reduced to $10,000,000), and identified
the responsibilities of Jefferson County.
The RFP also required the following:
site set-up plan and on-site equipment
list,
a spill and fire prevention plan,
a contingency plan for response to
spills,
4-2
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employee training,
related project experience, and
a list of disposal facilities.
Cost proposals were required for the
following services and equipment:
planning and assistance
mobilization/demobilization equipment
on-site labor
transportation/disposal/ supplies
an option to bulk paints and solvents
packaging guidelines, and
disposal options.
In addition, cost breakdowns were
requested for disposal of wastes of the
following categories: non-halogenated
flammables, inorganic poisonous solids,
organic poisonous liquids, aerosol
containers, corrosives, hazardous waste
liquids and waste paints.
The Purchasing Department
distributed RFPs to 10 companies and
received responses from five. A
subcommittee charged with evaluating
the proposals rejected two as basically
non-responsive. After each vendor met
with the subcommittee to review the
proposal and resolve remaining
questions, the subcommittee awarded the
contract to Laidlaw, a full Toxic
Substances Disposal Facility (TSDF)
with extensive experience in HHW
collection. The Laidlaw bid was
$150,000.
The HHMC met with Laidlaw
before finalizing plans for the event to
discuss the budget and other issues
relating to HHW collection. Although
the company had never serviced a
collection event with six collection sites,
they did not anticipate any problems with
servicing such a large event.
Administrative Organization
Funding
The HHMC developed a budget of
$150,000 for the event. The original
budget was based on one-day events in
other areas serviced by Laidlaw. Each
sponsoring group (Jefferson County, the
City of Louisville, and the Metropolitan
Sewer District) appropriated $50,000 for
the program with the expectation that .
additional funds would be needed. Cash
and in-kind contributions were solicited
from several related industries.
Companies pledged individual
contributions ($100 to $2,000) which
were targeted to cover incidentals such as
explanatory brochures, traffic barricades,
T-shirts for volunteers and caps for
supervisors. Miscellaneous items such
as pencils for the survey, donuts for
volunteers and pallets for bulk paint
buckets were also donated or loaned by
local paint companies and other
industries.
The final cost for Jefferson
County's first HHW collection event was
estimated at $320,000. Laidlaw charges
totalled $313,000, twice the original
estimate of $150,000. Other internal
costs for publicity materials and
administrative labor were approximately
$7,000.
For future collections, the HHMC
is investigating various alternative
funding sources. For example a
one-time user fee added to the water bill
would provide adequate funding. This
fee would require the approval of the
Board of Supervisors for the MSD, the
County Commissioners, and the Board of
Alderman for the City of Louisville.
However, because this first event was so
successful, funding mechanisms such as
this are expected to be approved.
Publicity
The success of the Jefferson County
HHW collection event is largely the
result of the amount of publicity for the
event. , The MSD designed a large poster
and a smaller handbill and distributed
them throughout the county. The posters
were displayed at government buildings,
convenience stores, and gas stations. A
notice was included in the water/sewer
bills for a large segment of the
community and MSD also featured the
collection in its quarterly newsletter.
Public service announcements were
recorded for broadcast on local radio and
television stations. The collection was
also featured on the local news and was
the topic of several press conferences by
the Mayor and County Judge, both of
whom also appeared on local radio and
televisions programs to publicize the
event. In addition, a local farm and
garden editor discussed the collection
event several times on his radio
segments. The local newspaper featured
several preliminary items and an in-depth
article two days prior to the event.
Regulatory /Liability Requirements
HHW is exempt from Kentucky
hazardous waste regulations; however,
representatives from the Kentucky
Division of Hazardous Waste
Management (Department for
Environmental Protection) were present
at five locations to provide guidance on
the acceptability of materials. While this
presence was not required, it did provide
the HHMC with additional legal support
where the acceptability of HHW or the
generator status of the transporter came
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into question. As the publicity indicated,
material from small quantity generators
was not accepted as HHW.
Jefferson County was responsible
for liability issues concerning the
collection event. As a result, the
County's risk management and legal
representatives' recommended the HHW
contractor, Laidlaw, be required to
maintain a minimum level of total
liability insurance coverage (negotiated to
$10,000,000) for the event. Laidlaw was
also responsible for all permits relating
to collection, transportation and disposal
of HHW. Jefferson County was
indemnified against general liability
during the event as specified in the
contract with Laidlaw.
Results
Table 4-1 presents the results of the 1990
Jefferson County HHW collection event.
Attendance for the collection was typical
for one-day events. However, total
attendance was derived from
questionnaires collected at each site and
is considered an underestimate of the
actual number of participants.
Approximately 120 tons of HHW
was collected at the event. Paint and
flammable liquids, including waste motor
oil, dominated the waste stream. A large
quantity of this material, along with
automobile batteries, was set aside for
recycling. Although the motor oil and
automobile batteries were sent to a
vendor, paint collected during the event
is currently stored at the MSD until
arrangements can be made for local
non-profit organizations such as Habitat
for Humanity to reuse the material.
The Jefferson County HHW
collection event proved to be successful.
Table 4-1
Household Hazardous Materials Collection
Louisville/Jefferson County, Kentucky
Project Summary
Sponsors:
Date:
Sites:
Contractor:
Total Population:
Total Households:
Households Participating:
Number of Zip Codes Served:
Contractor Cost:
Cost per Household:
Hazardous Waste Collected:
Hazardous Waste
per Household:
City of Louisville
Jefferson County
Metropolitan Sewer District
April 21, 1990
6 (3 in City, 3 in County)
GSX Services Inc.
(Now Laidlaw Env. Services Inc.)
695,055
250,245
3,981, or 1,59%
32 of 42 residential
$315,487
$79.25
237,800 pounds, or 118.9 tons
59.73 pounds
Types of Waste Collected (in pounds)
Flammable Liquids 140,250
Flammable Solids: 95
Hazardous Solids: 2,090
Non-Regulated:* 61,205
"(Includes Latex Paint)
Materials Recycled:
Compressed Gas: 5,600
Oxidizers: 3,350
Poisons 16,960
Corrosives: 8,215
Reactives: 35
Waste Motor Oil: 3,000 gallons
Automobile Batteries: 739
Paint: 1,105 gallons (221 5-gal pails)
Number of Volunteers: 180
Major Recommendations for Future Collections:
1. Implement a permanent program, beginning with semi-annual collection and
moving toward an on-going regular collection.
2. Establish permanent funding mechanism, preferably an annual user fee of $2
attached to residential water billing.
3. Expand public relations/promotional activities to increase public awareness and
participation.
4. Focus educational effors on schools and community groups.
5. Develop new methods to divert paint from the disposal stream.
4-4
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It is difficult to ascertain whether the
large quantity of material collected, an
average of 60 pounds per household, is
due to the large number of homeowners
in Jefferson County or if it is simply a
product of Earth Day celebrations and
the absence of alternate disposal options
available for such material. Regardless,
the results of this collection event point
to the need for more regular, regional
HHW collection programs.
Problems and Limitations
There were several problems encountered
at the Jefferson County collection event.
The large attendance rate presented
difficulty in processing the materials in a
timely manner. With six locations to
staff,, the contractor and volunteers were
overwhelmed at some locations and were
not able to thoroughly separate materials.
As a result, some non-hazardous
materials were mixed with hazardous
materials thereby increasing disposal
costs. In addition, available packaging
and safety equipment for HHW collection
was exhausted at some of the locations
requiring purchase of additional material.
Work space was limited at some
locations, especially where other
unrelated events were being held
simultaneously. It also rained lightly at
most locations throughout the day and,
although the tents set up at the events to
provide shelter were large (20' X 20'),
the area under them became crowded as
more HHW was brought to the site.
t Finally, organizers agreed that more
lead-in and lead-out time is necessary to
prepare and clean up each site in an
organized fashion.
To avoid these kinds of problems, the
HHMC has recommended the following
for future collection events:
Implement a permanent program,
beginning with semi-annual collection
and moving toward an on-going regular
collection;
Establish a permanent funding
mechanism, preferably an annual user fee
attached to the residential water bill;
Expand public relations and
promotional activities to increase public
awareness and participation;
Focus educational efforts on schools
and community groups;
Develop new methods to divert paint
from the disposal stream.
Contacts
Robert J. Schindler, (502) 625-6602
Director of Environmental Planning
Environmental and Community
Development Department
Jefferson County Government
517 Court Place
Suite 606
Louisville, Kentucky 40202
JaneEcker, (502)625-4241
Special Projects Administrator
Department of Solid Waste
Management and Services
600 East Meriwether
Louisville, Kentucky 40217
Bud Schardein, Jr.(502) 587-0591
Community Relations Administrator
Louisville and Jefferson County
Metropolitan Sewer District
400 South Sixth Street
Louisville, Kentucky 40202-2397
4-5
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4.3 Case Study Orange
County, California
* Introduction
The government of Orange County,
California has recently developed a
permanent HHW collection program with
redemption facilities located throughout
the County. Completion and operation
of permanent facilities is organized by
the Hazardous Materials Program Office
(HMPO) of the Orange County Fire
Department which is also responsible for
other components of the County's solid
and hazardous waste management plans.
The first permanent collection center
opened in June 1990; two more are also
scheduled to open in 1990. Three
remaining facilities will be implemented
pending state and local agency approval.
The new program is designed to
improve upon the series of one-day
events that have periodically been held
since 1985. These events were
cosponsored by the County Sanitation
Districts of Orange County (CSDOC)
and the League of Women Voters and
were implemented to reduce
non-industrial point source pollution from
wastewater treatment plants and satisfy
requirements for a National Pollutant
Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)
permit. Concurrently individuals on the
Board of Supervisors of Orange County
were looking for alternate solid waste
disposal methods in response to growing
concern over ground water contamination
at local landfills. These concerns led to
x detailed investigation of alternatives for
HHW collection and disposal. The
investigation concluded that HHW
collection would reduce certain
contaminant levels in the municipal
sewage and help protect the county
landfills from further contamination.
Program Design
Location and Schedule
Orange County's first permanent HHW
collection facility is operated by
Appropriate Technologies, n, Inc.
(Aptech), a full service HHW collection
contractor. The facility is located in
Anaheim, along the edge of a parking lot
at a privately owned solid waste transfer
station (Figure 4-1). The facility
operates from 9:00 am to 3:00 pm,
Tuesday through Friday and serves a
population of 2.5 million. Construction
of additional centers at various locations
within the County will also provide
service to county residences. Criteria for
site selection for the permanent center
included:
adequate space for smooth flow of
traffic,
geographical convenience to target
populations, and
distance from environmentally
sensitive areas.
Two county owned landfills and
three privately owned properties are
under consideration as sites for addition
permanent centers.
The Anaheim collection center is
enclosed by fencing and consists of a
concrete pad with two explosion-relief
storage units providing a total capacity i
twenty-four, 55-gallon drums (Figure 4-|
2). The units drain to two split sumps
under the floor area that serve as a
secondary spill containment system.
Incoming collection center traffic i
directed towards the facility via a
registration booth where participants ;
required to sign a form confirming that
they are residents of Orange County.
this facility, information pertaining to th|
quantity and nature of the HHW is
solicited. Aptech personnel sort and
dispose of HHW according to chemical
class and ultimate disposal (Figure 4-3).|
Acids are contained for ultimate
neutralization, oils and latex paint are
separately bulked for recycling, organic
are mixed for use as fuel, and
non-treatables are separated for either
Figure 4-1
Orange County's Permanent HHW Collection Center
4-6
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^> ^f/^t£
ligure 4-3
IHW Collection an Sorting Area, Orange County
ncineration or, as a last resort, landfill
isposal. Eventually, latex, paint wilLbe
istributed to regional graffiti control
rganizations; however, this network has
.ot yet been organized.
The facility is approved by the state
for 90-day storage of HHW; however,
the current level of participation has
overwhelmed the storage capacity of the
facility. Materials must therefore be
transported off site daily. The
completion of additional collection
facilities in the County is expected to
alleviate this problem. Packaging and
transport of materials off site takes place
after the facility is closed to prevent
injuries and accidents resulting from
consolidation and movement of the
HHW.
Personnel
Orange County administrators anticipate
that the permanent centers will require a
much smaller operating staff than the
one-day collection events. The one-day
events in Orange County required a staff
of 20 to 30 people because of the short
turn-around time (72 hours) and the high
level of participation (an average of 1200
to 1500 households per event).
Individuals were needed at these events
to greet the public and administer
surveys, direct traffic, and assist
off-loading the materials. The permanent
facility, however, requires two county
employees to register participants and
oversee the contractor, one or two
security guards to direct traffic, and
approximately five contractor personnel
to unload, sort and package the HHW.
Contractor
Aptech was hired to staff the Anaheim
HHW collection center and will also
operate four additional facilities when
they are completed. Aptech is a full
service hazardous materials management
company equipped to sort, haul and
dispose of all HHW collected at the
Anaheim facilities in accordance with
OSHA, DOT and EPA requirements.
The HMPO selected Aptech through a
competitive bid process under the
conditions set forth in the County's
Invitation for Bid (IFB). Selection was
4-7
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based oa a review of responsiveness to
the IFB, technical merit, and commercial
analysis of cost and related factors.
Aptech is compensated for their services
on the basis of time, materials, and
volume and type of waste collected.
Administrative Organization
Funding
Although the costs for the first
permanent facility are not yet available,
the budget for construction and first year
operations of the first 4 permanent
centers is estimated at approximately
$2,500,000. This budget was derived
through an evaluation of the costs
associated with the one-day events. The
funding mechanism consists of an
additional line item surcharge added to
the tipping fee for the County landfill
($0.46Yton). The fee, set by the Orange
County Board of Supervisors, is applied
to commercial and industrial haulers, but
is not levied directly against the
homeowner.
Because the permanent HHW
collection program is still operating as a
pilot project, a detailed cost breakdown
is not available. The storage units at the
Anaheim facility are leased rather than
purchased and the operating costs have
not been assessed. However, the current
budget is based upon one-day collection
events that are known to be more costly
than operating a permanent facility.
Publicity
Advertising for the permanent HHW
collection program includes radio and
newspaper public service announcements
and flyers distributed to civic
organizations, libraries, and schools.
The County plans to also distribute
informational inserts describing the
program with the water bill; however, at
this time the high level of participation
does not warrant the additional effort.
Regulatory /Liability Requirements
HHW is not exempt from California
hazardous waste regulations. The
California Department of Health
regulates all HHW collection facilities
and programs. Permit requirements are
currently in transition; however, they are
intended to address safety issues.
involving site operation and emergency
response planning. Basic regulatory
guidelines require that only trained
personnel unload materials from cars and
enter the HHW storage area. All
packing and transporting of collected
HHW is to be completed after the facility
is closed.
As a pilot program, Orange
County's first facility has been granted
interim status (i.e., a variance) from the
permitting process normally required for
90-day hazardous waste storage facilities.
After one year in operation, this variance
will be withdrawn and a permit will be
required. Liability issues associated with
the HHW collection facility are
addressed in Orange County's contract
with Aptech. The contract stipulates
that the HHW collection contractor must
maintain a minimum level of
comprehensive and contractual liability
insurance of 1,000,000. Orange County
is listed as an additional insured party
under this policy. In addition, Aptech
must also maintain full worker's
compensation insurance.
Results
The results of the first month of
operation at the Anaheim facility are
provided in Table 4-2. Motor oil and
paint products make up the largest
portion of the waste stream and are the
only products for which collection data is
available. An average of 90 vehicles per
day were received during the first month
of operations. The HMPO feels that this
level of participation is high compared to
attendance observed at permanent
facilities in neighboring counties.
Table 4.2
Household Hazardous Materials
Collection Project
Orange County, CA
July 1990 Activity Recap
Participation:
Total Vehicles Received 1,717
Average Vehicles Received
per Day 90
Service Area Vehicles 929
Outside Area Vehicles 788
Materials Received:
Waste Oil
Volume (gallons) 5,281
per vehicle 3.1
per operating day (19) 278.0
Paint and Paint Related Products
Containers 14,895
per vehicle 8.7
per operating day (19) 784.0
volume (gallons)
per vehicle 5.0
per operating day (19) 448.0
Staffing Levels (Contractor only)
Labor hours 1,445.5
per operating day 76.1
4-8
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Problems and Limitations
No operational problems have been
reported to date for Orange County's
first permanent facility. From its
experience in permanent and one-day
HHW collection, the HMPO has
determined that permanent collection
centers provide a safer, more organized
means of collecting HHW then one-day
events. There is more time available to
unload and sort material and fewer
attendees per hour, thereby reducing the
probability of spills and accidents. In
addition, the center is built to contain
spills and allows for storage of material
on site.
Contacts
Janice Oest, (714) 744-0543
Hazardous Materials Coordinator
Hazardous Materials Program
180 South Water Steet
Orange, California 92666
Blake P. Anderson, (714) 962-2411
Director Technical Services
Orange County Sanitation District
10844 Ellis Avenue
Fountain Valley, California 92728-8127
Richard Von Langen, PE, (714)
962-2411
Source Control Manager
Orange County Sanitation District
10844 Ellis Avenue
Fountain Valley, California 92728-8127
References
USEPA. 1986. Report to Congress on
the Discharge of Hazardous Wastes to
Publicity Owned Treatment Works. (The
Domestic Sewage Study). EPA
530/SW-86-004.
USEPA. 1990. Pamphlet - Collecting
Household Hazardous Wastes at
Wastewater Treatment Plants. EPA
20A-2001.
4-9
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Appendix
Appendix A
Example HHW Collection
News Releases
St. Johns Reminder Tuesday, June 5, 1990
City promotes clean environment
with household waste disposal
St. Johns residents
will be able to safely dis-
pose of household
hazardous waste
through a collection
program,- sponsored by
the city of St. Johns.
Residents should bring
waste to the St. Johns
Wastewater Treatment
Facility, located at 1000
N. US-27, on Saturday,
June 30, anytime
between 9 a.m. and 4
p.m.
According to Waste-
water Treatment Facil-
ity Supt. Roy Anklam,
the goals of the collection
program are to provide a
convenient and accessi-
ble means for disposal of
hazardous household
waste, help the public
become aware of hazard-
ous waste and the proper
disposal of it, and foster
the use of alternative
products' to hazardous
materials.
Anklam stresses the
fact that the collection
day is for residents of the
city of St. Johns only, and
that the waste must be
from St. Johns house-
holds only. Persons depo-
siting waste will be
required to show a driv-
ers license or some other
proof of residency in the
city before waste will be
accepted.
The collection is free to'
city residents. As a ser-
vice to senior citizens,
items from seniors will
be picked up at their resi-
dences. Senior citizens
should call 224-7898
between 7 a.m. and 3
p.m. to schedule an
appointment for waste
collection prior to June
30.
Following is a listing
of household hazardous
waste items which can be
disposed of during the
collection day.
Kitchen area: Floor
care products, furniture
polish, metal polish with
solvent, bug sprays.
Garage area: Auto-
matic transmission fluid,
battery acid (or battery),
brake fluid, car wax with
solvent, diesel fuel, fuel
oil, gasoline, kerosene,
metal polish with sol-
vent, motor oil, other oils.
Workshop area: Cut-
ting oil, glue (solvent
based), paint (oil based),
paint (auto), paint
(model), paint brush
cleaner, with solvent,
paint thinner, paint
stripper, primer, turpen-
tine, varnish, wood
preservative.
Garden area: Fungi-
cide, herbicide, insecti-
cide, rat poison, weed
killer.
Miscellaneous:
Ammunition, artists
paints, dry cleaning sol-
vents, fiberglass epoxy,
gun cleaning solvents,
lighter fluid, mercury
batteries, moth balls, old
fire alarms, photo-
graphic chemicals, swim-
ming pool aids.
Persons with ques-
tions about the collection
day or items that are not
included on the list
should call the Wastewa-
ter Treatment Facility at
224-7898.
A-l
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Example HHW Collection
News Releases
Clinton County News May 29, 1990
St. Johns hazardous
to be held June 30
waste collection
The City of St. Johns will again conduct a Household
Hazardous Waste Collection Program for the residents
of the city, on JUNE 30, 1990, Saturday between the
hours of 9:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. Collection will be at
the St. Johns Wastewater Treatment Facility located at
1000 North US-27.
The goals of the collection program are to:
(1) Provide a convenient and accessible means of
disposal of hazardous household materials throughout
the city limits.
(2) Foster proper disposal of hazardous materials from
the household wastes of the residents of St. Johns.
(3) Help the public become aware and recognize the
hazardous waste materials in their households and limit
the purchase and use of them.
(4) Foster use of alternative products to hazardous
materials wherever feasible.
This collection day is for residents of the City of St.
Johns only, and the waste must be from St. Johns
households only, Drivers License or some other proof
of residency in the city must be shown before the
household waste will be accepted.
This collection of household hazardous waste is free
to the residents. As a service to the SENIOR CITIZENS
of our city, we will come to your home and pick up your
household hazardous waste. Give us a phone call at
224-7898 if you are in need of this service, Please call
between the hours of 7:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. any day
of the week to make an appointment prior to collection
day.
HOUSEHOLD HAZARDOUS WASTE COLLECTION DAY
SATURDAY, JUNE 30,1990
0:00 A.M. to 4:00 P.M.
ST. JOHNS WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITY
1000 NORTH US-27 (bahlnd tho DPW building)
The following table is a list of the household hazar-
dous wastes that can be disposed of on the collection
day:
KITCHEN AREA:
3. Metal Polish with Solvent
4. Bug Sprays
1. Floor Care Products
2. Furniture Polish
GARAGE AREA:
1. Automatic Transmission Fluid
2. Battery Acid (or Battery)
3. Brake Fluid
4. Car Wax with Solvent
5. Diesel Fuel
6. Fuel Oil
WORKSHOP AREA:
1. Cutting Oil
2. Glue (Solvent Based)
3. Paint (Oil Based)
4. Paint (Auto)
5. Paint (Model)
6. Paint Brush Cleaner
with Solvent
GARDEN AREA:
1. Fungicide
2. Herbicide
3. Insecticide
MISCELLANEOUS:
1. Ammunition
2. Artists' Paints, Mediums
3. Dry Cleaning Solvents
4. Fiberglass Epoxy
5. Gun Cleaning Solvents
. 6. Lighter Fluid
If you have any questions about the Household
Hazardous Waste Collection Day or any questions in
reference to disposal of any other items you may have
concern about that are not on the above list, please
phone the Wastewater Treatment facility for assistance
at 224-7898.
7. Gasoline
8. Kerosene
9. Metal Polish with Solvent
10. Motor Oil
11. Other Oils
7. Paint Thinner
8. Paint Stripper
9. Primer
10. Turpentine
11. Varnish
12. Wood Preservative
4. Rat Poison
5. Weed Killer
7. Mercury Batteries
8. Moth Balls
9. Old Fire Alarms
10. Photographic Chemicals
11. Swimming Pool Aids
A-2
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Appendix B
Example Advertisement
HHW Collection -
Palo Alto
DISPOSE OF
HOUSEHOLD HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
FREE OF CHARGE
ARE THE FOLLOWING UNUSED PRODUCTS IN YOUR HOME?
*Household Batteries
*Paint Products
'*Solvents
*Chemical Drain Openers
*Household. Cleaners
*Pool Chemicals
*Aerosol Cans
^Pesticides
*Insecticides
These are just a few of the items that, if disposed of
improperly, could endanger the health and safety of you,
your family, refuse workers and wildlife. Improper
disposal creates hazardous conditions in the sewer system
and landfill. Bring unwanted household products to the
next Household Hazardous Waste Day to help protect our
environment and make your home safer.
WHEN:
WHERE:
SATURDAY, JULY 28, 1990 10:00 AM TO 3:00 PM
EVENT CLOSES PROMPTLY AT 3:00 PM
***NEW LOCATION***
REGIONAL WATER QUALITY CONTROL PLANT
2501 EMBARCADERO WAY
OPEN TO PALO ALTO RESIDENTS ONLY.
PROOF OF RESIDENCY WILL BE REQUIRED.
BAYLANDS
EMBARCADERO RD
WATER QUALITY
CONTROL PLANT)
LANDFILLS
RECYCLING CENTER
REMINDER: *STATE LAW PROHIBITS THE TRANSPORTATION OF MORE
THAN 5 GALLONS OR 50 POUNDS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE
AT A TIME.
*RECYCLE MOTOR OIL AND AUTO BATTERIES AT THE
RECYCLING CENTER AT THE PALO ALTO LANDFILL.
CITY OF PALO ALTO PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
B-l
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Appendix C
HOUSEHOLD HAZARDOUS MATERIALS COLLECTION DAY SURVEY
i.
2.
3.
4.
7a.
Which site did you visit today?
a. East Government Center
b. Iroquois High School
c. Pleasure Ridge High School
What zip code do you live in?
(Circle one:)
d. Seneca High School
e. Shawnee High School
f. Southern High School
From'how many households did you bring items?
What did you bring in today?
a. car battery
b. drain cleaner
c. motor oil
d. paint
(Circle all that apply:)
d. pesticides
e. solvents
f. other
How did you dispose of household hazardous materials before this collec-
tion day? (Circle all that apply:)
a. down the drain d. stored in basement
b. dumped on your property e. stored in garage or shed
c. put in garbage can f. other
How did you hear of this collection day?
a. billing insert d.
b. newspaper e.
c. poster f.
(Circle all that apply:)
radio
TV
other
Do you think this collection effort should be repeated? Y
If yes, please continue: (Circle First Choice For Each:)
N
7b. How often should it be repeated?
a. one time per year c.
b. two times per year d.
7c. What time of year is best 'for you?
a. spring c.
b. summer d.
four times per year
year-round
fall
winter
7d. Up to how many miles would you be willing to drive next time?
a. 6 miles c. 12 miles
b. 9 miles : d. 18 miles
7e. How do you think future collections should be financed?
a. general taxes
b. point-of-purchase fees with free collection days
c. collection day fees
7f. If a collection day fee system were adopted, how much would you be
willing to pay per pound of disposed material?
a. $10 c. $6
b. $8 d. $4
Please add your comments and/or suggestions for improvement here:
C-l
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Appendix D
REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS
HOUSEHOLD HAZARDOUS WASTE COLLECTION PROGRAM
This is a request for proposals for a contractor to handle
collection, transportation and disposal of materials'
collected through a household hazardous waste collection
program. The successful bidder shall b£ responsible" if&r
assisting County Staff ..in planning and developing^of the
project collection centers, staffing the collection project
sitesr- and classifying, packaging, transporting and
disposing of household hazardous waste collected in Jefferson
County, Kentucky.
The purpose of the project is to provide county residents
with a safe and approved method of disposing of accumulated
household chemicals as well as educate them in the proper
safe use, storage and disposal of those chemicals. The
public will be informed of the project through publicity in
the local newspapers, radio and television stations, schools,
flyers and posters.
The project will take place at four sites in Jefferson County
on Saturday, April 21, 1990. Household chemicals will be
transported to the collection sites by individual residents.
The collection project will use a drive-up system. Citizens
with chemicals to dispose of will transport them in their
vehicles to the collection sites. They will be directed to
sorting tables under tents to unload the chemicals. The"
contractor will be responsible for accepting the waste, pre-
sorting it and moving it to processing areas. The project.
collection sites will be at locations with large paved areas
for queueing automobiles off public roadways.
There are two parts to this request for proposals. Part one
is a technical proposcil and part two is a financial
proposal. Jefferson County will award this contract based on
bidders' response to the technical and financi.al_sections as
well as any other requirements as stated throughout this
proposal.
BID EVALUATION CRITERIA
Technical Proposal 40%
Cost Proposal 40%
Liability Protection 20%
D-l
-------
INSURANCE REQUIREMENTS
The following types of insurance and coverage amounts must be
certified. .
- $15,000.000
General liability
Personal
Fire
Medical Expense
Automotive Liability - $15,000,000
CSL
Bodily Injury
Property Damage
i
Pollution Control Liability - $6,000,000
Workmen's Compensation - Statutory Amount
BID CONDITIONS
1. The preferred method of waste disposal is RCRA
Incineration. The contractor must guarantee RCRA
incineration of all materials received that are
incinefable. Some paints contain PCB's. Any bulked
paints found to contain PCB's must be incinerated at
a TSCA incinerator. The disposal facility permitted
to incinerate the TSCA paints material must also be
permitted to incinerate the RCRA portion of the paint
waste. Treatment (neutralization ,etc.) of waste is
permissible only for corrosive wastes, cyanides and
some inorganics.
2. If the bidder proposes fuel blending of materials as
a disposal method, the bidder should provide a
detailed description of the procedure to be followed
in utilizing this option, the types of materials that
will be fuel blended and the name, address, and phone
number of the facility that will be the end recipient
of the materials to be blended.
3. All lab-pack wastes (those in containers of five
gallons or less) must be removed from the collection
sites within 48 hours of the close of business on tn-=
day of collection.
4. Lab-pack wastes._jnust not be re-packaged, treated or
combined in any way after the household hazardous
w,aste project is completed. Lab-pack wastes, upon
arrival at the ultimate disposal facility, must be
directly disposed/treated with the exception of lab-
1 pack flammable solvents which may be bulked prior to
RCRA incineration.
D-2
-------
JEFFERSON' COUNTY RESPONSIBILITIES
Jefferson County will assume the following responsibilities:
1. Coordination of a contingency plan with local
emergency response agencies '.
2. Suitable site locations.
3 . Crowd control.
4. Providing waste containers for the disposal of non-
hazardous waste accumulated at the collection sites.
5. Providing volunteers to move the chemicals from the
automobiles of the public to the contractor's
receiving tables.
6. Security for the sites should the contractor have to
remain, at the site overnight.
7. Tables and chairs in the receipt area.
8. Representative to sign the transportation manifest.
9. Bulking area if required.
. 10. Arrangements for the disposal of waste motor oil and
lead acid batteries.
I. TECHNICAL PROPOSAL
In order for Jefferson County to qualify a contractor the
following information must be submitted.
A. Site Set-Up Bidders are requested to submit a diagram
of the their proposed .project collection site layout for
the household hazardous waste collection project. The
diagram should include traffic flow, positioning of
. tent, fire and spill control equipment, other related
safety equipment, processing equipment and vehicles and
approximate square footage needed for operation. A
detailed description of the activity that will take
place on the site, including receipt, segregation,
testing, packaging, loading, etc., should be attached to
the diagram.
B. On-Site Equipment List Bidders should provide a list of
all equipment to be provided and used by contractor at
the collection site including fire prevention, safety.
spill control, personal protective equipment and any
other equipment deemed necessary cv the contractor..
The County will arrange for personnel and equipment from
the local .fire protection agency to be present at each
collection site.
C. , Contingency Plan'Bidders are requested to provide.a
format for a contingency plan for handling notification
to participants and evacuation in the event of on-site
emergencies. ;
-------
Spill & Fire Prevention Plan Bidders are required to
provide spill prevention and fire.prevention plans
tailored -to the on-site activities proposed at the
collection site. Bidders may be required to modify
cheir fire, spill or safety plan to meet site-specific
requirements of the local fire protection agency.
G.
Employee Training Bidders are required to provide the
names of employees to be used for this project and a
detailed .description of their training,, including any
degrees. This description should differentiate between
chemists, technicians, laborers etc. Bidders also
should submit a description of employees' experience,
including a listing of hours of field experience in this
field.
Related Pro.iect Experience Bidders should provide
references of at least five (5) projects of a similar
nature that they have successfully completed. This list,
should include names of the public or private entities
for whom the service was performed, contact name,, phone
number,and address.
H. Transportation & Disposal Facility last Bidders should
provide a complete listing of storage, transfer,
transportation and disposal facilities which may be
utilized throughout the course of this project.
The transportation and disposal facilities should list
the location, contact, phone, and Federal I. D. Number
of each facility. Copies of permits for these
facilities should be attached.
Companies which can internalize all labor, packaging,
transportation and disposal services will be highly
favored in the bid evaluation process.
D-4
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II. COST PROPOSAL
Scope of Bid
A. Planning and Assistance^The contractor will be required
to provide, at the request of the County, experienced
staff to attend meetings with the County to review
proposed collection site procedures, or otherwise assist
in the implementation of this project.
B. Mobi 1 i'zat ion. Demobilization and On-Site Equipment
Cost quote in this section should include:
1. Movement of a minimum of a four person team per site'
plus'supplies and equipment to and from the
collection sites
2. .Set-up and decommissioning of the collection site
3. Per Diem
4. Truck and related equipment costs
5. Personal protective equipment
6. Tents
7.. Administrative costs
8. Safety equipment
.Bidder should bid a price per collection facility. This
price should include and detail any other associated
costs for set-up of the collection sites that the bidder
deems appropriate.
C. On-Site Labor Contractors should provide a price for
all on-site labor on a cost per hour basis. (One chemist
and three technicians minimum are required per site.)
D. Transportation. Disposal and Supplies Contractor should
proyide a price in this section based on the
following costs:
1. Transportation of materials to disposal facility
2. Disposal of wastes at an EPA approved disposal
.facility ...
3-.' Drum costs .;. . ... ..'.-. , .. -..-.. ;....'..'... .;;.;'; .. .. .::"'-.- ,- . >..:;> .,;
* - . '
4. Absorbent cq.sts
5. Labels .
6. Manifests ...:.. .' _ .. : .'..'
D-5
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7. Permitting: To perform this project the contractor
must have a Hazardous Waste I. D.'Number issued by
the Ky. Natural Resources & Environmental Protection
Cabinet, Div. of Waste Management. In addition, to
.haul hazardous':Waste in Kentucky, the contractor is
required, by the 'Kentucky Dept. of Transportation, t :
have a Hazardous Materials Permit and to file FORM E
(Uniform Motor Carrier Bodily Injury and Property
Damage Liability Certificate of Insurance).
Contractor must have all.required permits to perform
hazardous waste activities in any.other state in
which he, may plan to transport or dispose of the
materials collected.
Bulking of Paints and Solvents .Jefferson County will
consider the options of the contractor bulking paints
and solvents at a pre-determined location within the
county as well at the.collection sites. The contractor
should provide a price per gallon to. bulk paints or
solvents and indicate if the proposal is to bulk at
central location or at the collection sites.
Alternatives to this request can be expressed and will
be evaluated.
Jefferson County is planning to utilize volunteers to
sort and mix usable paint at the collection centers for
later distribution to non-profit and social service
.agencies. Paints containing lead, and those determined
otherwise unusable will be turned over to the contractor
at the site for disposal as waste.
Packaging Guidelines Bidders are -required to provide on
a separate sheet, attached to the price proposal, the
packaging guidelines for each waste type -and container
to be used as identified in the cost proposal.
Disposal Options Each waste type has at least one
disposal option listed. Bidder shall provide a bid
price for one or all options listed. Contractors are
encouraged to supply alternative options, where they
deem advantageous. Where disposal options are
presented, the County will notify the contractor of the
option selected prior to the collection. Keep in mind
that RCRA incineration is the preferred disposal opticr.
and will receive favorable review. Where RCRA and TSCA
disposal are required, the contractor must furnish thi =
disposal at a single incinerator permitted under both
TSCA and RCRA. Bidders are rquested -co indicate waste;
that are unacceptable at the collection project.
.D-6
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III. COST PROPOSAL QUOTATIONS
ITEM
1. Planning and assistance
UNIT
Lump Sum
COS!
2. Mvbilization/Demob.
Qn-Site Equipment
Per- Site
3, On-Site Labor
Chemist
Technician
other (optional)
(specify)
Per Hour
4. Transportation/Disposal
Supplies
A. Non-halogenated
Flammables
1) Bulkedr incinerated
liquid
2) Bulked, fuel blended
Per Gallon
3) Bulked, incinerated
sludge
4) Lab-Pakr incinerated
B. Inorganic Poisonous Solids
. Carsenical pesticides,. .etc \
1) Lab-Pak Landfill
Per Gallon
Bidder's Company Name:
D-7
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C. Organic Poisonous Liquid ...'.-
(Halogena.ted solvents & .
Pesticides) ',
1) Lab-Pak, Incinerated Per Gallon
D. . Aerosol Containers
1) Lab-Pak, Incinerated Per Gallon
E. Corrosives
,1) Lab-Pak, Incinerated Per Gallon
2) Lab-Pak, Treatment
F. Hazardous Waste Liquid
or Solid N. 0. S. .,.-. ..-,- .;>."'
1) Lab-Pak, Incinerated Per Gallon
2) Lab-Pak, Landfill
G. Waste Paints bulked,
Incinerated
Per Gallon
Bidder's Company Name;.
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