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           Day after day, as school bells echo
           through the hallways, millions of
           kids across the nation stream out
of their classrooms and into sun-filled school
yards, playgrounds, and sports fields. While
this is a familiar childhood scene, it also is one
                 that, without proper pre-
                   cautions, could endanger
                  the health of students. Too
               much exposure to the sun's
ultraviolet (UV) rays can be harmful to any-
one's health—particularly that of a child.

In the atmosphere, the ozone layer forms a
shield that protects the Earth from the sun's
powerful UV radiation. Scientists have dis-
covered, however, that the ozone layer is thin-
ning and allowing more UV rays to reach the
Earth's surface. Combined with current sun
exposure behaviors, the thinning of the ozone
layer may increase the chance of overexposure
for adults and children. Too much exposure
to UV radiation can cause serious health
               problems such as skin cancer,
                   cataracts,  and immune
                     system suppression.

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         o promote sun-safe behavior at an early age, the U.S.
         Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) developed the
         Sun Wise School Program, a national environmental and
health education program for young children. Through the use of class-
room, school, and community components, SunWise promotes sun
safety by teaching children and their caregivers how to protect them-
selves from overexposure to UV radiation.

The SunWise School Program builds upon traditional and innovative
health and science practices already used by U.S. elementary and mid-
dle schools, focusing on simple steps students and teachers can take to
prevent overexposure to the sun. While SunWise students learn  about
the environmental concepts related to sun protection, they also develop
                            the ability to practice sustained health-
                              enhancing behaviors.

                              SunWise was developed in cooperation
                           with schools  and educators. Providing
                          maximum flexibility, the program's elements
                         can be used as stand-alone teaching tools or
                           as  supplements  to existing  school activi-
                           ties. The time commitment necessary to
                   take part in SunWise  is  minimal, while the poten-
                    tial payoff is enormous.

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         ccording to the American Cancer Society, one in every five Americans will develop some form of skin cancer during their
         lifetime. This disease, one of the most serious UV-related health effects, can begin with a simple sunburn that happens
         years before skin cancer may develop. Most of a person's sun exposure occurs before the age of 18.

It is important to remember that children of all skin types need to be protected from overexposure to the sun. While it is true
                  that the incidence of skin cancer is lower in dark-skinned individuals, the disease still occurs in all skin types.
                         The risk of other UV-related health effects, such as eye damage and immune suppression, is not depend-
                             ent upon skin type, and all children must be protected.

                                  By teaching children to take some basic precautions when they're out in the sun—such
                                    as wearing protective clothing and sunglasses, using sunscreen, and seeking shad
                                     teachers, nurses, parents, and other caregivers can instill life-long protective
                                      habits that reduce the risk of future UV-related health problems.
                                             unWise is a fun and easy way to protect the health of
                                             children. Any school can participate, from single or
                                             multiple classrooms to entire schools, or even school
                                      districts. The program is designed for kindergarten
                                      through eighth-grade learning levels, with specific
                                      age-appropriate materials available for all learning
                                      levels. A random sample of participants will be
                                      asked to complete the SunWise Student Survey before
                                      and after implementing at least one of a range of SunWise
                                      activities. Following are some of the activities that SunWise
                                      schools can choose to undertake:

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   Teaching cross-curricular classroom lessons and activities.

                 Gathering UV ground data from hand-held
               monitors and using the Sun Wise Internet
                 Learning Site to report and compare the
                     findings to daily UV Index forecasts.

   Holding schoolwide sun safety events and assemblies.
B
y joining EPA's Sun Wise School Program, participants
will have access to the following useful tools to help
teach sun-safe behaviors in the classroom:
   SunWise ToolKit—includes cross-curricular lessons designed for
   kindergarten through eighth-grade learning levels and
   features a range of activities and background information.
   Schools also will receive tools to help implement sun safety
   school policies, events,  structural changes, and community
   partnerships.

   77?^ SunWise Internet Learning Site and UV Database—is an
   interactive medium where students can report and interpret
   daily UV radiation levels using a hand-held UV monitoring
                                                           Improving school policies and structural designs to reduce
                                                           students' exposure to the most intense UV rays and provide
                                                           more shade structures on school grounds.
                                                           Reaching out to the community by forming partnerships with
                                                           local businesses and organizations or by hosting guest speakers.
device loaned to participating schools through the program,
link to additional Web-based educational activities and
resources, and correspond with other
SunWise schools.

Additional Materials—
games, puzzles,
incentives, Web-
based activities,
and other items
are being
developed.

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         Checking out television, radio, newspaper, and Internet
         weather forecasts in many cities across the country can now
         give you access to a powerful sun safety tool—the UV
Index. The UV Index assigns a number to the next day's likely UV
radiation levels and categorizes the level of exposure risk for people
who plan to be outdoors.

The National Weather Service (NWS) calculates the UV Index so
that the public can schedule outdoor activities to  avoid dangerous
overexposure to the sun. In addition to forecasts,  you can find the
daily UV Index on the SunWise Web site at 
The UV Index predicts UV radiation  levels on a 0 to 10+ scale in the
following way:
While it is always important to take precautions against overexposure
to the sun, both children and adults should take particular care to
practice sun-safe behaviors when the UV Index is moderate or higher.

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Take  Action
       rotect yourself and your children from overexposure to
       UV radiation. Taking the simple precautions listed
       below can ensure you enjoy safe fun in the sun.
                                                    r'
                                                    V
The sun's UV rays are strongest between 10 a.m. and       **}.
4 p.m. To the extent you can, limit exposure to sun during
those hours.

                        Always take precautions against
overexposure, but take special care to adopt sun safety
practices when the UV Index is moderate or higher.
                  Sunglasses that provide 99 to 100 percent
 UVA and UVB protection will greatly reduce eye damage from
 sun exposure.

            A hat with a wide brim offers good sun protection
 for your eyes, ears, face, and the back of your neck.

            Staying under cover or indoors is one of the best
 ways to protect yourself from the sun.
                                                                                  Apply a sunscreen with a sun protection
                                                                    factor of 15 or higher liberally, and reapply at least every
                                                                   t)   2 hours or after working, swimming, playing, or
                                                                     J  exercising outdoors. Consult your doctor about
                                                                    '/  sunscreen use for children under 6 months.
                                                                                                         The light
                                                                        source from sunbeds and sunlamps can damage the
                                                                         skin and unprotected eyes.
              Wearing tightly-
 woven, loose-fitting, and full-length
 clothing is a good way to protect
 your skin from harmful UV rays.

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EPA's SunWise School Program is an Environmental Monitoring for Public Access and Community Tracking (EMPACT) project.

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