&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Air and Radiation
6202J
EPA 430-N-95-009
October 1995
Green Lights & (
Energy Star Update
X w ,/ EPA
k WGreen
^ Lights
Upgrade Financing Made Easy
See Pg. 14
401 M STREET, SW (6202J), WASHINGTON, DC 20460
ENERGY STAR FAX. LINE SYSTEM • 202 233-9659
GREEN LIGHTS/ENERGY STAR HOTLINE 202 77S-6650 • FAX 202 775-6680
-------
lalscL teiaciiie:,::arnew -aie:
-------
L.L.Beanf
Upgrades at L.L. Bean's Freeport,
Maine retail store prove that Green
Lights can improve lighting quality. In
January 1993, the company began replac-
ing fixtures and ballasts in the oldest sec-
tion of the store. In the footwear
department, L.L. Bean upgraded from
four-lamp fixtures with standard ballasts
and energy-saving lamps to four-lamp T8
electronic ballasts with reflectors. This
made a very dark floorspace 40 percent
brighter. In the Fishing/Hunting depart-
ment, 2x4-four-lamp trotters were
switched to 2x4-three-lamp T8 parabolic
fixtures. This upgrade made the whole
area brighter and allowed the items on
display to stand out better. "All areas of
the retail store have always been better off
after a Green Lights upgrade project,"
said Ron Jacques, lighting specialist for
L.L. Bean. Not only did lighting quality
increase, so did the savings. L.L. Bean
saves more than 71,000 kWh and over
$6,800 annually from this upgrade.
The outfitter is in the process of
upgrading the rest of the Freeport retail
store as well as its North Conway factory
store. Jacques said employee and customer
reactions to these projects were extremely
positive. "Everyone I've spoken to said the
areas were better lit and that the items on
display stood out more clearly." The com-
pany's Concord, New Hampshire and
Rehoboth Beach, Delaware factory stores
were built with energy efficiency and
visual comfort in mind in accordance with
ASHRAE 90.1 standards.
LOWE'S
It seems appropriate for a store dedi-
cated to home improvement projects to
also be dedicated to energy-efficient store
Inside LL Bean's Freeport Maine retail store.
construction. All
Lowe's stores meet
the minimum
requirements of
the Green Lights
Memorandum of
Understanding
when they are
built. Even before
joining Green
Lights in 1993,
Lowe's was installing energy-efficient
equipment and fixtures. For example,
Lowe's has been installing 400-watt,
metal halide lights in its sales areas since
1980. Many Lowe's stores were being
constructed with higher ceilings and, as a
result, designers found they had to install
more fluorescent lights in order for the
light to adequately reach the floor. Because
of the stores' high display racks, lighting
designers needed to be concerned with
vertical as well as horizontal footcandles,
explained Frank Patterson, Lowe's envi-
ronmental systems manager. "Metal halide
lamps make good business sense because
you get more light for less money and
energy," said Patterson. Out of more than
21 million square feet of sales space, over
95 percent uses energy-efficient metal
halide lighting.
In addition, Lowe's began installing
building manage-
The building management system utilizes
time-of-day, demand limiting and photo-
cell control strategies to reduce energy
usage. The company also uses high-effi-
ciency rooftop HVAC systems to heat
and cool the sales areas as well as a unique
"nighttime purge" method to pre-cool the
stores. "Energy conservation is very
important to Lowe's senior management,"
said Patterson. "By building efficiently
and utilizing available technology, we are
being energy-conscious from Day 1."
Longs Drugs Stores, a retail drug chain
with almost 300 stores in the western U.S.,
understands what lighting quality and
design can mean to business. After
research showed that customers who
continued on page 4
ment systems in
all new stores in
1986. The systems
are programmed
and monitored
at Lowe's general
office in N.Wilkes-
boro, North Caro-
lina and control all
store lighting and
electrical loads.
Longs Drugs store in Hilo, Hawaii.
October 1995 • 3
-------
G L & E 5
cmtmuedjmm page 3
couldn't sec the indoor lamps thought the
fadlity was dosed, Longs upgraded to fix-
tures that were visible from outside of the
store* Since 1992, Longs has upgraded fix-
tures in more than 150 stores. These
buildings used open strip fixtures which
are common to many retail stores* Open
Strip fixtures provide a direct/indirect
combination of lighting that is effective at
illuminating retail spaces, but has a high
power density that uses excess electricity,
In addition, these fixtures produced a glare
that drew the customer's eye, away from
merchandise and towards the ceiling. The
new Extures provide optimum light dis-
persal and maximize light in the vertical
plane. Light is evenly distributed
throughout the sales area without hurting
lighting levels on the bottom shelves. "For
retail lighting, many factors must be taken
into consideration/ said Dave Alexander,
facilities manager for Longs Drug Stores.
"Color rendition, attractive fixtures,
removal and control of shadows, and ease
of maintenance are all important areas to
address lor effective retail lighting,17
Longs successfully upgraded more
than 100 of its stores and is now saving
SI.5 million annually and 32 million
kWh per year. Approximately 27,000 fix-
store Jp Mtoml Florida,
tures were upgraded with specular reflec-
tors, electronic ballasts, and 41QOK lamps.
Alexander said that customers have
noticed the upgrades too. "I get comments
such as "I can see deeper into the store
now' and that colors appear brighter and
products look clearer."
Service Merchandise is using a two-
phase approach for implementing Green
Lights, The first phase is upgrading.
Service Merchandise has contracted with
Sylvania Lighting Services (SLS)> a
Lighting Management Company Ally, to
upgrade approximately 50 stores a year.
SLS is removing all T12s and incandes-
cent lamps and replacing them with T8s
and compact fluorescents.
The second phase of Service
Merchandise's Green Lights implementa-
tion is in new coastruction,. Lighting
Distributor Ally E, Sam Jones, is working
to provide allTSs, electronic ballasts, and
PAR halogen lamps for highlighting the
jewelry display cases, Two- and four-lamp
T8 combinations in a variety of fixtures
highlight all of the products that Service
Merchandise has to offer. More than 60
stores have already been built with them.
"The Green Lights
upgrades have
received an A*
from all of our
employees, rang-
ing from people
in the warehous-
es to people on
the sales floor,"
said Terry Mayo,
assistant vice
president for
maintenance and
facility services
at Service Merchandise. KDue to the
improved light levels and color rendering
of the T8 lamps, the appearance of the
store has improved 100 percent."
JCPenney
Lighting may not be the most tangible
part of retailing but it is one of the largest
components of general expense next to
labor or salary costs and it can have a posi-
tive effect on sales, "Retail is a very compet-
itive business and typically retailers would
rather spend money on new merchandising
fixtures than new light fixtures," said Alan
Rose, energy programs manager for JC
Penney, "Lighting is an integral part of
merchandising presentation and I suspect
not all retailers realize that fact."
JC Pennsys general lighting upgrades
have included changing HID metal halide
lamps with magnetic ballasts to compact
fluorescent T5 lamps, These upgrades to
high-efficiency fixtures have significantly
improved the color rendering index (CR1)
in the stores. The higher the CRI^the more
natural the light inside the store becomes.
This translates into colors appearing more
'true to life' for consumers, JC Penneys
upgrades have greatly improved illumina-
tion levels and also improved the CRT from
65 to 81 or 82 in its stores. Rose said that
customer comments range from knowing
'something's different' to fewer complaints
that merchandise colors look different out-
side of the store.
One area of JC Penney that has expe-
rienced a marked difference in lighting
are the hair styling salons. According to
Rose, both stylists and customers have
noticed the improvements from the
upgrades. Improved illumination is espe-
cially important for stylists when coloring
hair because it allows them to perceive
colors better.
Green Lights represents an excellent
4 • October 1995
-------
iii
money-saving opportunity for retailers,
according to Rose. "Retail is ripe for
Green Lights. Many retail facilities were
built over 20 years ago, using a lot of inef-
ficient lighting and, therefore, have the
potential to save large amounts of energy."
JC Penney is a prime example. Its stores
in which the program has been imple-
mented are saving JC Penney more than
$4 million annually in energy costs and
reducing electricity usage by 56,884,000
kWh per year.
gjSAFEWAY
When grocery shopping, there is noth-
ing worse than a dark store where shelves
are so poorly lit that it's hard to tell the dif-
ference between apples and oranges. That
is why when Safeway upgrades one of its
stores, the first consideration is always the
presentation of the product. According to
Corporate Maintenance and Utility
Manager Randy McAdam, when Safeway
decides to upgrade, it is tasked with
improving or at the very least not reducing
light levels in its stores. McAdam has
found that by using newer triphosphate
lamps, Safeway is able to get excellent light
quality as well as energy-efficient lighting.
To date, Safeway has upgraded 355 stores
across the U.S., equaling about 12.5 mil-
lion square feet. And customers and
employees have noticed the upgrades,
added McAdam. "Employees have com-
mented on the color rendition and cus-
tomers like the improved brightness."
New
Retail Participants
|Dayton Hudson Corporation -
^Department Stores Division
JC Penney
According to McAdam,
Green Lights is an ideal
program for supermar-
kets looking to reduce
energy costs and con-
sumption. Supermarkets
generally operate on a
slim profit margin. Next
to the cost of food sold
and the cost of labor,
energy is their largest
expense. It is not unusual for grocery
stores to report profits in the range of 1.5
to 2 cents on the dollar. With those types
of margins it takes $50.00 in grocery sales
to pay for one dollar of electricity. Green
Lights upgrades will typically reduce elec-
trical consumption in a store by about
eight to 10 percent. McAdam said that
programs such as Green Lights, which
can show how to significantly reduce elec-
tricity expenses are very attractive to his
company's senior management. "Green
Lights upgrades can save us millions of
dollars. That's an opportunity not to be
missed."
For new retailers, the advantage of
building energy efficiently in the first
place offers a headstart on their Green
Lights commitment. The Home Depot,
founded in 1978, is a shining example. All
of its older stores have completed their
upgrades and all new construction meets
criteria for Green Lights. Another advan-
tage that Home Depot has is a commit-
ment by management to support Green
Lights and energy efficiency. "Our
President is very supportive of what we
are doing and without that commitment
you go nowhere," said Jim Laird, corpo-
rate engineering manager. "He is the
biggest proponent of energy savings."
Energy costs have a big effect on the bot-
tom line, therefore, energy cost-saving
efforts are important to consider.
According to Laird, saving $1 in energy
costs is equal to almost $20 in sales.
It is also important to Home Depot to
publicize its efforts to its customers. A
"We Care about the Environment" ban-
ner, highlighting the stores' involvement
in Green Lights, recycling programs, and
other environmentally conscious mea-
sures, is hung in the front of all 400 stores.
To further inform the public about its
commitment to energy efficiency, the
store publishes the Environmental
Newsprint. This newsletter focuses on the
stores' efforts to sell environmentally
sound products, recycle cardboard con-
tainers, and perform other important
actions, including Green Lights.
As part of its energy-efficient lighting,
most Home Depots utilize metal halide
lights with acrylic refractor lenses for up
lighting. The acrylic refractor lenses
replaced metal refractor lenses, which had
given the impression of a dimly lit ceiling.
Good lighting that "opens up" the ceiling
is important for a warehouse store like
Home Depot because it wants to high-
light the fact that merchandise is stocked
from floor to ceiling and, therefore, selec-
tion and value are excellent. In addition,
many stores take advantage of daylighting
to increase footcandles when needed. Ml
October 1995 • 5
-------
UPDATE
WING
PARTICIPATIOIV
Green Lights Attends APPA Conference
EPA spreads energy-efficiency message to
college and university facilities managers
I olleges and universities around the
V^countrf learned how Green Lights and
ENERGY STAR programs can save money
and energy at the Association of Higher
Education Facilities Officers (APPA)
1995 Education Conference and Annual
Meeting in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
APPA is an international association ded-
icated to advancing excellence in facilities
management in higher education. Its
members include more than 1,500 col-
leges and universities worldwide.
More than 600 top-level facilities pro-
fessionals learned about the latest technol-
ogy, government and regulatory policies,
and solutions to facilities operation and
maintenance issues. Participants learned
how Green Lights and ENERGY STAR pro-
grams can help higher education facilities
lower their expenditures and save energy
on their campuses. Attendees spoke one-
on-one with Green Lights representatives
Dona Canales from the U.S. EPA and
Mindee Denmark from EPA Region III,
A roundtable session was also held for
Green Lights Partners and prospective
participants to learn more about the pro-
gram and Its benefits. HI
Making the Most of Your GL Participation
Workshop addresses marketing and
communications needs of participants
I—low do you internally market your pol-
I I lution prevention program? Use Green
Lights to give your organization a com-
petitive edge? Answers to these communi-
cations questions and others were given at
the first "Maximizing Your Green Lights
Participation'1 workshop held on July 11,
at Honeywell, Inc. in Minneapolis,
Minnesota, The workshop, the first in a
national series, addresses the internal mar-
keting and external communications
needs of Green Lights participants.
Thirty participants from the
Minneapolis/StPaul area learned about
the communications tools and services
EPA has available to further Green Lights
marketing needs from Green Lights and
ENERGY STAR Communications Director
Sol Salinas, Attendees also received prac-
tical guidance on ways to promote their
Green Lights commitment and strate-
gized with their colleagues to identify
additional communications efforts.
The Green Lights communications
team will be working with participants in
Minnesota and Wisconsin to implement
the communications projects and activities
outlined at the workshop, including the
placement of articles and public service
advertisements.
The next "Maximizing Your Green
Lights Participation" workshop is tenta-
tively scheduled for November in Los
Angeles. For information about future
workshops and how EPA can help you
promote your pollution prevention efforts,
contact the Green Lights/ENERGY STAR
Hotline at 202 775-6650. H
6 • October 1995
-------
A Whopper of an Event
Miami Ceremony recognizes Burger King
and other new and established participants
It was the hottest thing to hit Miami
I since "Miami Vice," as new and estab-
lished Green Lights participants were
honored for their pollution prevention
efforts at the University of Miami on July
21st. Participants in the Summer Recog-
nition Ceremony were recognized for their
Green Lights accomplishments and were
later given a tour of the University's newly
upgraded space. The 20 new Partners'
total facility space equals 75 million square
feet and a potential $14 million in savings.
In his address to the attendees, EPA
Regional Administrator John Hankinson
congratulated both new and existing
Green Lights Partners for their commit-
ment to help clean up the environment.
"Green Lights proves that environmental
stewardship can also yield significant cost
savings through reduced expenditures,"
said Hankinson. Other speakers included
Nichole Hefty, manager, Pollution Pre-
vention Programs, Dade County Depart-
ment of Environmental Resources
Management and Vic Atherton, assistant
vice president of the University of Miami.
Awards were also presented to 15
established Green Lights Partners and
Allies for their excellence and commit-
ment to the program. Many of the compa-
nies had completed all upgrades
and others were well on their way
to achieving all of their Green
Lights goals. Certificates of merit
were presented to: One Enter-
prise Center, Cape Canaveral
Marine Services, Inc., Johnson
Controls World Services, Inc.,
Okeechobee School Board, Mor-
Lite, Energy Planning Associates,
First International Asset Man-
agement, Broward County, Uni-
versity of Miami, Dade County,
Bell South Telecommunications, Southern
Company Services, Inc., W.R. Grace &c
Company, LTI International, Inc., and
North-Shore Medical Center.
Plans are being made for other signing
and recognition ceremonies to take place
around the country. Keep reading the
(l-r) EPA Regional Administrator John Hankinson thanks Jim
Durante of the University of Miami for hosting the 1995
Green Lights Summer Recognition Ceremony.
Update for additional information. Green
Lights wishes to thank the University of
Miami and all participants involved for
taking time out to focus on energy effi-
ciency and improved bottom line, and
good government. Hi
"Organizations like Columbia/HCA Healthcare Corporation
and Burger King, through their voluntary enrollment in
Green Lights, demonstrate that business and the
environment do not have to be miles apart."
-John Hoffman, Director of EPA's Atmospheric Pollution Prevention Division
Congratulations to the following new participants who were recognized at the Miami Ceremony:
2ABB PpwerT & D Co, Inc.
gfegfe^T'" 4.^ I 1-i
JACME Electric Corporation
t _ (Transformer Division)
gtp*^,
[Burger King Corporation
Zoahoma Community College
folumbia/HCA Healthcare Corporation
bokson Fibers
E Sam Jones Distributor, Inc.
East Carolina University
Florida Army National Guard
Florida International University
Georgia Army National Guard
Great Smoky Mountains National Park
Henry General Hospital
Mississippi Army National Guard
PattieAClay Hospftal
Southeast Energy Technical Group
Southern Appalachian Mountain Initiative
Systems Solutions of Georgia, Inc.
Tennessee Army National Guard
The West Company
October 1995 • 7
-------
A Lighting Upgrade Must
Parabolic luminaires provide
energy-efficient, uniform illumination
I n commercially lit space the fluorescent
Iluminaire is generally accepted as the
most efficient form of illumination.
Although there are many different types
of fluorescent luminaires, the parabolic
luminaire is considered the most efficient.
One common problem in commercial
offices is the frequent use of video display
terminals (VDT's) and glare caused by
fluorescent luminaires. Most luminaires
have little glare control, allowing the light
to escape at high angles. This light is often
reflected in the VDT's, making it difficult
to see the screen. The parabolic reflector
poses an advantage here as well. Light that
is reflected downward has almost no
chance to reflect in 'the VDT screen and,
thus, glare is significantly reduced.
A parabolic luminaire is named for the
shape of the reflector around the lamp
which is in the form of a parabola. Light
leaving a parabolic luminaire is focused
down towards the task with little horizon-
tal component. Parabolic luminaires have
excellent glare control because light that
would exit at higher directions has been
captured and directed downward.
Consequently, as walls receive less light,
the task receives more light. The improve-
ment in light output reaching the task is as
much as 20 percent. Therefore, a three-
lamp parabolic will suffice at 75 percent of
the energy where one might have used a
four-lamp flat lensed luminaire for nearly
the performance of a fouNSght
Lrrinaiw h a open space to
: when lumpnat KS are- replaced
using T8 lamps and
ballasts. To nia>«mfze efficiency we
WHr a specular fipBh^ to the luminaire
*tth output T8 lamps md four-lamp
electronic tarxtem-
flri^d (te-o faturei per batladj irs a space with
m RCR cf oneVvfe *« also •assume tha the S5?!*!^^
area fe pr«en% (75 Foot candfes) and
; jevet closer to 4Q-5Q foot
Standard Standard Parabolic
Luminaire Luminaire Upgraded Luminaire
Tf2/Std Ballast T8/Elec BaHast TS/EIee Ballast
11590
J 09=80
Lumen DirectedfTask
ana
>SFC
TffQ
72 K
472 f
44 FC
174
2.45
WA
153
S3
L25
Of a fixture manufacturer
shew a OJ for the faur-ight tensed tumrnaire
to be ,70 and the CU far a. two-iglft specular
parabolic to be .14
Ai-tne shows, the parabolic lurriname
provides-1« ligW tmd while sau~
iflg, 70 percent "n uses, TTie efficiency
gam of the parabote lUminars is about
she erf the standard
jura-nareThB that aiacMy ft with par-
lJnwwes,T8 lamps, arvd electronic bai-
iaste can, tie ut lor half the watts per square
tttari in corsyentiona! itghtlrg deagis.
FIXTURES
Standard 2x4 Lensed Parabolic Fotftire or Reflector
L
65% EFFICIENT
EFFICIENT
8 • October 199S
-------
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GREEN LIGHTS IMPLEMENTATION REPORT
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Page of
(attach additional pages as needed)
COMPLETED PROJECT REPORT
(fill in sections 1-12 below)
SURVEY REPORT
(fill in sections 1,2,4,6, and 12 below)
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the same light level.
Consider this experiment. Shine a.
flashlight into a door mounted mirror that
is partially opened in an otherwise dark
room. The light, which normally travels in
a straight line, is reflected by the mirror to
a particular point outside of the room. As
the door is moved inward the ray of light
comes closer to its source (the flashlight).
As the door is opened the ray of light
begins to approach a straight line. If you
had multiple mirrors on the door at
increasingly open angles, the light would
be reflected in multiple directions covering
a wide swath outside the room. If, instead
of multiple mirrors, the mirror were
curved in a seamless line, the light reflec-
tion would be wide, smooth and uniform.
This is what happens in a luminaire. In
order to see the work on our desks ade-
quately, our offices must have light reflect-
ed out of a housing (lighting fixture or
luminaire) containing lamps that can illu-
minate our desks uniformly. This is one of
the primary functions of a luminaire. The
other function of a luminaire is to capture
as much light as possible to minimize the
energy required to deliver an appropriate
light level.
To increase the efficiency of a lumi-
naire, evaluate all rays leaving the light
source and ensure that each path taken
delivers that ray to the task. For example,
in a typical 2x4 lay-in fluorescent lumi-
naire, there are as many as four one and a
half inch diameter (T12) lamps. Light
generated by the lamps gets trapped
behind them and never exits the lumi-
naire. One way to minimize this is to
reduce the number of lamps in the lumi-
naire; this means that more light gets out
per lamp. Think of this process as maxi-
mizing the surface area of the reflector
with respect to each individual lamp. A
2x4 four-lamp luminaire has less surface
area of reflectance per lamp than a 2x4
two-lamp luminaire.
A second way to improve the efficiency
is to change the curve of the reflector to
deliver as much of the light as possible to
the task and less to non-critical areas. As
in the mirror example, by changing the
shape of the curve we can change the
direction and spread of the light. The per-
fect solution would have every ray of light
traveling directly towards the task. To do
this, a curve representing the shape of a
parabola must be employed. The interest-
ing point about the parabolic curve is that
it has a focal point at which lines drawn
from the point and reflected at the curve,
are all reflected in a parallel dkection.
Improvements in efficiency in parabol-
ics begin first by limiting the number of
lamps. A two-lamp parabolic is up to four
percent more efficient than a three-lamp
one for the same space and light level.
Also, deepening the chambers and using a
specular surface (like a mirror) will also
increase the level of light delivered to the
task Maximizing the energy savings can
then be accomplished by employing high-
ly efficient T8 lamps and electronic bal-
lasts in the luminaires.
The fixture industry uses two measures
to demonstrate the efficiency of a lumi-
naire. Fixture efficiency is a calculation that
shows the percentage of luminaire light
output against the rated light output of the,
lamps and ballasts. Unfortunately, fixture
efficiency does not tell where
light are directed. A second term,
" the coefficient of utilization (CU), projects,
the percentage of light that is actually
directed to the lighting task Because get-
ting proper illumination on the task is not
just a function of the luminaire but also is
effected by reflection of light off the ceil-
ings and walls, the CU is dependent on
room dimensions. These room dimensions
are boiled down to a ratio called the room
cavity ratio (RCR). Fixture manufacturers
provide tables for each luminaire that show
the CU at different RCR's. Wide-open
spaces have longer room dimensions,
which correlate to lower RCR's and fewer
light reflections off the walls affecting the
illumination levels. Consequently, wide
open spaces with lower RCR's will show
higher CU values for luminaires.
Under the Green Lights MOU com-
mitment, participants agree to maximize
energy savings. When fluorescent lighting
is in use or proposed for commercial
installations, be sure to consider parabolic
luminaires. H
IMPLEMENTATION
**SNAPSHOT:
CO2, SO2 and KOX
PrevenlEed by ___ __
Green Lights Upgrades
2,500,000,000
2,000,000,000
1,500,000,000
a
(,000,000,000
500,000,000.
CO
Feb
1992
Jan
1993
Jan ]an July
1994 1995 1995
20,000,000
Feb*'
(992
Ian
1993
Jan ~~\'!5n Jtity
1994 \I995~ 1 9.95
October 1995 • 9
-------
TI|P OF THE MOMTH
Scaring Away Old Lamps
The next stage of the
Energy Policy At of 1992
I s of this Halloween, some commonly
ased incandescent and fluofescent
lamps will become ghosts as the next stage
of the National Energy Policy Act of 1992
(EPAct) takes effect. On October :31,
1995, some widely used incandescent R
and PAR lamps, as well as a few types:of
inefficient four-foot fluorescent lamps will
no longer be manufactured or imported
into the United States. Although the
lamps will no longer be available, retailers
will be allowed to sell-off their existing
stock of non-compliant lamps after
October 31st.
EPAct sets minimum energy efficiency
standards for electric motors, heating and
cooling systems, vehicles, power transmis-
sions, gas pipelines, and lighting. To comply
with EPAct, lamps must meet minimum
EPAct Standards
fas of October 3 J, 1995)
Wattage
«HSQ
sf-eis
116-155
! Si-JU
Minimum
LPW
105
\ t£i
H.G
[5.0
EiuGMSKent Lamps
Lamp Wattage
HO >35
2B-35
HttU
28^35
Some Popular
LampsThat
Will Not Comply
75PAR38, FOQfMoS
l5CffiPM,73l65PAP3f.
Popular
Compliant
Lamps
Halogen PAR lamps
Haiogsn/Mrared PAR lamps
i Elliptical Reflector pi) lamps
1 j SO/! 2CBSJQS Krxpton-llied R-Lamps
7SKQ,7$PM ""
IOOWQ, ISGR40""" "
200R40
Mtoimum Minimum
CRl LPW
69 75
45 75
«9 68
45 64
Some Popular Popular
LampsThat Compliant
Will Not Comply Lamps
F40CW 32*waST8
F40WVV 40-wattTfO
FWWWX 40-*attTl2* '
ROW 34-wattTi2
F40D
efficacy (lumens per watt) and color render-
ing requirements. Non-general service
lamps are exempt from EPAct, such as traf-
fic signal, decorative, impact-resistant,
reprographic, and plant-growth lamps.
On April 30, 1994, EPAct outlawed
the manufacturing and importing of inef-
ficient eight-foot fluorescent lamps. On
October 31, 1995, several types of com-
monly used PAR and R incandescent
lamps and general service four-foot and
two-foot U-hent fluorescent lamps will no
longer be manufactured or imported. The
table on the left provides a quick reference
of lamps that will soon become extinct and
those that will remain.
EPAct sets only minimum standards
for efficiency,;;: but a Green Lights
approach will maximize energy savings.
For example, an EPAct-compliant substi-
tute for the 40-watt cool white fluorescent
lamp (F4QT12) is an energy-saving 34-
watt cool white lamp (F40T12/ES). In
addition, an EPAct-compliant substitute
for a IQO-watt PAR38 incandescent lamp
would be an 85-watt PAR38 lamp with a
krypton gas fill. Although these substi-
tutes save energy, they are not the most
energy efficient. A Green Lights upgrade
might use F32T8 fluorescent and compact
fluorescent lamps and other energy effi-
cient technologies. By using a Green
Lights upgrade instead of a minimum
Energy Policy Act upgrade, you can save
almost 40 percent more electricity and
increase the lamps' color rendering index.
In addition to the substantial increase in
energy savings, the Green Lights upgrade
also improves lighting quality. HI
10 • October 1995
-------
i|8lttrasj!?pSi!|iS-iSft
T HE
H T
Whistle While You Work
Increasing worker
productivity with Green Lights
IJ educing pollution and increasing ener-
I \gy savings are two of the most widely
publicized benefits of participating in
Green Lights. Yet the program offers
many other advantages that make organi-
zations more profitable. After upgrading
their lighting, several Partners have
noticed increases in worker productivity
and morale as well as improved color ren-
dering and clarity. For industries such as
manufacturing, increased morale can
translate into a stronger product and
increased sales.
One of the most overlooked aspects of
any company is office lighting. Outdated
fixtures that produce improper and unbal-
anced lighting plague most offices. In a
recent Harris Survey, 47 percent of
respondents reported eye strain on the
job. Eye strain limits a worker's ability to
focus, an essential part of any job requir-
ing skilled labor or attention to detail.
Unfortunately, most office space compris-
es of overhead units, whose lighting is
inconsistent at best. A good way to reduce
eye strain is to incorporate task lamps,
which give users better clarity while using
less energy.
While upgrading a lighting system is
the fastest way to save energy and reduce
costs, it can also significantly improve
visual comfort. Offices and warehouses
that once had harsh, uneven or murky
lighting are now crystal clear, with excep-
tional color rendition and clarity. "Green
Lights promotes quality efficient lighting.
This helps people see better, which
reduces mistakes, increases quality, and
boosts productivity," said Ron
Strandlund, Green Lights Implemen-
tation Director for SUPERVALU Inc.
Assembly workers who enjoy quality
lighting can produce better products.
Distractions are no longer a problem,
since new lighting technology has elimi-
nated age-old problems such as lights that
hum or flicker. Possibly one of the great-
est benefits of a lighting up|prade is cus-
tomization—employees can now adjust
lighting to their personal preference, not
being held hostage by general office set-
tings. Allowing workers to control their
environment reduces stress and work-
related injuries while enhancing morale.
Improving the working environment
through Green Lights upgrades helps
generate profits. Wellington Sears, a
Valley, Alabama textile manufacturer, has
upgraded approximately 30,000 square
feet of one of its facilities. Harold
Lauderdale, manager of the company's
Langdale mill, points out, "not only do we
obtain cost-savings in electricity bills, but
our productivity has also improved."
Boeing, one of the country's largest
aircraft manufacturers, has also reaped
the many benefits of being a Green
Lights Partner. According to Boeing's
Green Lights Implementation Director
Fay Weaver, the difference in clarity and
color rendition made by lighting
upgrades "is tremendous. It's like night
and day." Allies have seen the Green
Lights benefits as well. "There's really no
downside. We've improved color, visual
comfort and productivity, we've saved
money, and we've helped prevent pollu-
tion," said Amy Cox, lighting consultant
for International Energy Conservation
Systems, Inc.
One of the best steps a Green Lights
participant can take is to consult work-
ers before implementation. Publicizing
the program through informational
workshops allows employees to fully
understand the program and also opens
the door for suggestions. "Employees
have shunned the attitude of 'this isn't
my house, this isn't my money'. Instead
they have recognized that a corporate
energy efficiency initiative deserves their
support," said Daniel Stewart, principal
engineer at Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., about
educating co-workers about Green
Lights. Many participants recommend
designing two to four "test" lighting
examples to help find the most effective
layout. Flexibility to employee prefer-
ence is important—after all, they are the
ones who are directly affected by the
changes.
Investing in energy-efficient lighting
upgrades demonstrates management's
concern for employee comfort and safety,
which in turn generates stronger morale
throughout the company. So
while joining in Green Lights
will significantly reduce your
energy costs, remember that
it can also help boost
your organization to
the top. 11
October 1995 • 11
-------
<"• L & E L,
UPDATE
CORNER
Allies Helping Allies
Grainger and Illumetek work together to
fulfill Green Lights commitment
Catting Ml Allies!
Careen has recognizing -the
: and Implementation work
that to performed by high-
you in that are
through the Green'
Llgfits/ENERGY STAR Hotline, if your
has done an outstanding Job
of the Green Lights program,
or has completed upgrades far Green
contact the Ally
' at 202 293-4527, If yaur com-
would love to show-
your efforts In a Green
! studj?
Green Lights Allies Grainger and
Illumetek, an equipment distributor
and a lighting management company,
share a corporate commitment to better-
ing our environment in ways that make
good business sense. In 1993, Illumetek
President Jim Pulk approached AlTierney
of Grainger's Real Estate Department for
a unique partnership. Two years later, 60
upgrades are the result "We're a good
team because we work as partners; we
meet and discuss things and bounce ideas
off of one another," said Tierney.
Grainger, headquartered in Lincoln-
shire, Illinois, has successfully upgraded
more than 200 showrooms and warehous-
es—71 percent of its four million square
feet. By mid-1996,50 additional Grainger
locations are scheduled for completion,
the environmental equivalent of removing
620 cars from the road.
Pulk approached Tierney with a pro-
posal to survey Grainger's showrooms,
warehouses, and office spaces and recom-
mend special design features based on
Grainger's lighting requirements. Pulk
also proposed to schedule labor, conduct
installation, provide data for Green Lights
reporting, research and help file for
rebates, and coordinate recycling and dis-
posal of lamps.
"We provide services based on client
need rather than on established practice,
and at a cost-effective price," said Pulk.
Since the Graiager-IUumetek alliance
began, Illurnetek has completed 23 show-
room and office upgrades and 37 ware-
house upgrades for Grainger.
To meet Grainger's showroom lighting
needs, Illumetek installed T8 lamps, elec-
tronic ballasts, and deep-cell parabolic
louvers. Track lighting was installed to
accent displays and improve color render-
ing. After the upgrades, lighting quality
improved and energy consumption fell
from approximately 3.5 to 1.5 watts per
square foot.
As part of a unique warehouse lighting
plan developed by Grainger, Illumetek
arranged fixtures In continuous diagonal
rows across the ceiling to accommodate
relocation of product racks and ensure
even light distribution. The upgrade
exceeded Grainger's warehous^ target illu-
minance level and improved the color ren-
dering index.
Because Grainger's upgrades have been
so successful, the company is piloting a
"Service Provider Program" to promote
Green Lights and assist clients with light-
ing upgrades. The program teams the
company's own sales force with a group of
contractors—selected and qualified by
Grainger—to provide complete lighting
upgrade services.
Grainger remains "flexible and innova-
tive, using specialized energy-efficient
lighting products wherever feasible," said
Frank Muir, Grainger's Green Lights
communications director and energy pro-
gram manager.
In Grainger's San Jose, California
warehouse, Illumetek installed two photo
cells to take advantage of sunlight from 54
skylights. The use of natural lighting
decreased electricity use in the facility by
70 percent by reducing the annual hours of
lighting operation from 2,860 to 800. Hi
12 • Oeioberl99S
-------
NEW PROGRAMS &
Voluntary Reporting of Greenhouse Gases
A new way to gain recognition
for environmental leadership
I n addition to Green Lights, many other
I voluntary programs exist to help protect
the environment. The Energy Information
Administration of the U.S. Department of
Energy (DOE) has begun a program for
organizations to report the emissions of
greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide,
methane, nitrous oxide, and halogenated
substances. Increasing levels of these gases
in the atmosphere may contribute to an
increase in global temperatures.
Why Report DOE?
This program gives you the opportuni-
ty to record your emission reduction or car-
bon sequestration achievements. Your
participation will demonstrate your sup-
port for achieving environmental policy
goals through voluntary efforts. The infor-
mation contained on the report forms will
contribute to an informed public debate on
the reduction of greenhouse ga.s emissions.
Who Can Report to DOE?
You can report if you are an individual
or organization that initiates, controls, or
participates in an activity that reduces
emissions of greenhouse gases.
Are There Minimum Reporting
Requirements?
The program allows considerable flexi-
bility in defining the activities you report
and estimating the effects of those activities
on greenhouse gas emissions and sequestra-
tion. The report form is designed to mini-
mize reporting burden while meeting the
minimum information requirements.
How Do You Report Your
Emissions to DOE?
Two forms are available for reporting
your greenhouse gas
emissions. Form EIA-
1605EZ is provided as
an alternative to the
long form EIA-1605.
The short form pro-
vides for a brief sum-
mary of your green-
house gas reduction projects while the long
form lets you create an in-depth public
record of your emissions efforts. Choose
the form that best meets your reporting
needs.
If you have questions about reporting
or would like additional information,
please contact the Energy Information
Administration at 1 800-803-5182 or e-
mail at infoghg@eia.doe.gov. Or you can
access information via the Internet at
http:\\www.eia.doe.gov, under Green-
house Gas Emissions Report. Iffi
A New Stop on the Information Superhighway
FaciIitiesNetsu puts lighting and
other facilities information at your fingertips
Did you have a question about the
newest electronic ballast on the mar-
ket? Or want to know how another facility
manager surveyed his building? Facilities-
Net5*1 is a new on-line service that provides
facilities professionals immediate access to
this information and more. Launched in
September at World Workplace '95, Facil-
itiesNet™ was created for professionals
who design, construct, manage, and main-
tain buildings by the publisher of Building
Operating Management and Maintenance
Solutions. FacilitiesNet81^ provides compre-
hensive facilities information including in-
depth reports about lighting, roofing and
building automation technologies. The
service also provides the latest: information
about new products and trade shows.
Management and technology electronic
bulletin boards are available for users to
post questions. Search for a job or post job
openings in your profession using the
career opportunities bulletin board. In
addition, current and past issues of Build-
ing Operating Management and Mainte-
nance Solutions are available on-line.
If you're already connected to the Inter-
net, no special software is required to
access FacilitiesNet™. For more informa-
tion about subscribing to FacilitiesNet3",
please call 1 800-727-7995. Interested
users can test drive the service at
http:\\www.facilitiesnet.com. H
October 1995 • 13
-------
NEW
RAM TS
Green Lights Welcomes New Participants
dh iDBCQMESSHGSPim
QUEBECOR PRINTING
PROVIDENCE INC.
TANDS' ENTf
1 ^DlfiECT MiKCHANTS.1-^
Joining Green Lights
loas a natural step for
Energy Capital Partners,
said Wanvwright.
"If wouldn't make sense for
us to be financing energy
conservation projects
^without taking care of
our own energy usage."
I wenty-eight (28) new participants
I joined Green Lights in July to benefit
from energy-efficient lighting upgrades.
Green Lights welcomes its new partic-
ipants and looks forward to working with
them.
PARTNERS (23) Amway Corporation & Auten Technical Services E Auto Collision, Inc. H
Bon Wit Plaza-Unit Owner's Association • Centerplex, Seattle M Columbia/HCA Healthcare Corp,
• Deaconess Hospital/Cincinnati, OH M East Carolina University • Energy Capital Partners/MA 9
Lands'End, Inc. • Murray City Schools District • New York State Office of Mental Health £ PPG
Industries, Inc. - Genera! Office • Portland Public Schools m Quebecor Printing Providence, Inc. M
Rising Sun Energy Center U Roger Associates Architects • San Diego Model Railroad Museum •
Springfield School District H State of Wisconsin • State University of New York System B Uintah
Basin Medical Center M University of Minnesota-Twin Cities • ALLIES (5) M Integrated
Building Solutions, Inc. • Matsushita Home and Commercial Products Company B Northstar
Diversified Technologies M Shane Industries 9 Tn-State Light & Energy, Inc.
A Bright Idea for Energy Project Financing
New participant Energy Capital Partners
lends money for energy efficiency projects
I ommercial companies, hospitals, univer-
Vtfities, and the federal government now
have a new source of capital for energy con-
servation projects. Boston-based Energy
Capital Partners, a new Green Lights par-
ticipant, is a financial institution dedicated
to funding energy-saving projects that save
money and valuable environmental
resources.
Matthew Heller, senior vice president
of Energy Capital Partners, said that the
firm was formed "to offer a way to save
energy without any up-front investment,
Funds dedicated to financing energy con-
servation are scarce, and manv companies
and institutions cannot afford to set aside
valuable capital for energy conservation
measures, regardless of how cost-effective
these measures may be,"
Through Energy Capital Partners'
shared savings lending program, a client
pays no money up front but instead shares
a percentage of the actual energy dollars
saved with the contractor after the project is
completed. The program works like this: a
company receives an energy audit from a
lighting or mechanical contractor. The con-
tractor contacts Energy Capital Partners
who finances the construction and comple-
tion of the project. When the work is com-
pleted, the building owner/manager pays
the contractor a percentage of the energy
dollars saved annually. The contractor then
repays the loan to Energy Capital Partners
out of its share of those energy savings,
Fred Wainwright, vice president of
marketing, said that his company is look-
ing forward to working with other Green
Lights Partners. "We are very comfortable
working with Green Lights Partners
because we know they have the right com-
mitments and that makes funding their
projects much easier."
For more information about Energy
Capital Partners' lending program, please
call Fred Wainwright at 61? 330-7600,1!
14 • October 1995
-------
COM
U P G RAD E
f
July Upgrades
ongratulations to following participants who submitted implementation report forms
\»
-------
Workshops \ W Online
Lighting Upgrade Workshops are currently
being planned for the following locations.
Please note that this schedule is tentative, and
workshops/locations are subject to change or
cancellation. To find out the latest information
about confirmed workshops andfar to pre-
call the Green Lights/ENERGY
STAR Hotline at 202 775-6650.
Fall 1995
• Chicago, IL
• Albany, NY
• Cleveland, OH
• Trenton, NJ
• Austin,TX
• Los Angeles, CA
Information about the Green Lights & ENERGY STAR programs is now available on the
Internet's World Wide Web via the EPA's Public Access Server: Program participants, poten-
tial participants and other interested Internet users can now access a wide variety of infor-
mation about programs, induding Memorandums of Understanding (MOUs), fact sheets,
software tools, and publication listings.
All programs can be reached from the EPA home page, the Office of Air and Radiation
home page, or the Atmospheric Pollution Prevention Division's (APPD) home page. Pages
can also be reached directly. Our Internet addresses (all are case sensitive) are:
EPA home: http://www.epa.gov
APPD home: http://www.epa.gov/docs/
GCDOAR/OAR-APPD.html
ES Programs: http://www.epa.gov/docs/
GCDOAR/EnergyStar.html
ES Buildings: .../GCDOAR/esb-home.html
ES Office Equipment: .../GCDOAR/esc-home.htmI
Green Lights: .../GCDOAR/GreenLights.html
More pages will be posted as
more information is made available.
&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection Agency
Air and Radiation (6202J)
Washington, DC 20460
Official Business
Penalty for Private Use
$300
BULK RATE
Postage and Fees Paid
EPA
G-35
CD* RecyctettfBecydable
TV <.">. IM^ w;,i, soyiCanda Iri! on papes ttel
i-Ji^i' esn!2ir4J at feast 50% isoydsd ifcir
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