-------
SECTION 4
EXAMPLE CASE STUDIES
Two rivers located in different geographic regions were <
-.0 illustrate the calculation of design conditions using DESCt
The Quinnipiac River in Connecticut is first analyzed in some
detail to give the reader a step by step guide to using the
program. Then results for a second river, the Uncompahgre in
Colorado, are summarized to illustrate how design conditions <
change under a different hydrological and climatological regii
4.1 QUINNIPIAC RIVER
The Quinnipiac River in Connecticut is an example of a *s-
where the low flow and high temperature seasons coincide. Thu.<
would expect the critical design event for most pollutants to
i-n this period (late summer to early fall). The 7Qio low flow
this river is approximately 32 cfs.
DESCON was used to estimate design conditions for chronic
ammonia toxicity in this river. The 4-step procedure for usim
DESCON, first presented in Section 1.3, was followed and is
repeated here:
1. Select the pollutant and type of WQC to use.
2. Retrieve historical daily streamflow and water quality d;
using DESCON.
3. Assemble data or estimates for discharger flow and perti;
water quality variables, if possible.
4. Run DESCON to find design streamflow and other pertinent
design conditions.
How each of these steps was applied to the Quinnipiac River w
be discussed in the sections that follow.
30
-------
4.2 POLLUTANT AND WQC SELECTION
for
limit vas the
r
Averaging Period-
4 days
Excursion Frequency:
once every three years
Length of time used to groun
excursion periods into IfSf.r.: 120 days
Maximum number of excursions
counted per cluster- 5
=
excursions.
4,3 RETRIEVAL OF STREAM DATA
The first operation performed with DESCON ir«,*
™ir::r"r:n: r/ro- — • ™- -" -
over and over aas i n i r, S LOW-°ATA and could be use
u-sjain i £i SLLDSS^XIgn't d@<5 i CTTI
*" triis strsajn ""^11 c «-^«.*. • . ^^-^cuxa-tiion
^- -hxs oartzcular example used the flow records
31
-------
QSGS gage number 01196500 Locared near Wailingford, Connectic
Figure B.l in Appendix B depicts the dialogue used with DESCC
perform this retrieval.
The supplementary design condition variables for ammonia
include temperature, pH, and, since discharger data was provi
tor this example, alkalinity and upstream ammonia (see Table
The DESCON user must be prepared to provide representative da
values of these quantities at various times of the year. To a
in this cask, DESCON vas asked to retrieve selected water qua
data from STORET. mis data was automatically saved in a file
?ARAM.DATA. Fiaure 3.2 illustrates how this retrieval vas ma
ror -his example. ..-ater quality data was taken from che same
.station that recorded the flow data.
The next r;-ep vas to perform further analysis on the
retrieved water quality data. For each parameter, DESCON dete
how much data there vas, how it varied from day to day and ye
year, and whether its daily variation could be represented wi
sinusoidal function or not. Figure B.3 shows part of the dial
used with DESCON to perform such an analysis for temperature
Quinnipiac.
As a result ot these analyses, the daily variation in st
temperature was represented by the following sinusoidal funct
T = 12.56 - 4.3sin(0.0172 d) - 10.6cos(0.0172 d)
.where T is temperature (degrees C) and d is day of the year <
January l being day l). The coefficient of determination (i.e
squared) of the fit for this expression was 93 percent. DESCO
was instructed to compute the temperature for each day of the
with this formula and save the resulting values in a file nam
STREAM.DATA. These daily temperature values are depicted in
rigure 4.1.
32
-------
a I-
FIGDRE 4.1
3v f*~ ^ _• ~~
_nr Cr i -s Y~=S
Quinni?iac River
'50 200 a
DRY CP T>€ Ye^
30 -0
.4.2
ln ~he Q^innipiac River
33
-------
flLKflLINITY
SCI-
SCr
= 33 F
- ,
- - -
- ip-y n
'50 230 20
r«v CF r
333
FIGURE 4.3 Daily Alkalinity in tha Quinnipiac River
i 32 f-
a °*
S 151-
§ i
ua IQj-
I
I
si-
t
i
50
IQQ 150 208 2SQ
CflY 0= TV
30D
4.4 Daily Temperature of Discharge to the Quinnipiac
34
-------
"'=
compucations.
4-4 SPECIFICATION OF DISCHARGER
DAT7V
aata. rnererore DESC-DM T.-., •
"';r"
~~ - =
; : =
"
OH
7Q1°
Alkalinity = 245 mg/L as CaC03
35
-------
4.5 "COMPUTATION OF DESIGN CONDITIONS
At this point of the analysis the following preliminary
nad been carried out:
1. Daily streamtlev data were extracted from STORET and pla
in the file FLOW.DATA.
Oaily water quality parameter data were extracted from
STORET and placed in the file PARAM.DATA.
3. The water quality data in file PARAM.DATA were converted
into representar. ive daily values of stream temperature,
pH, and alkalinity vnich were then stored in the file
STREAM.DATA.
4. Representative iaily discharger data for flow, -emperat
?H, and alkalinity vere specified.
With this data on hand, DESCON was ready to compute design
conditions.
Figure 4.5 below presents a summary of the input data fe
DESCON and the resulting design conditions that it computed.
entire interactive dialogue is shown in Figure B.4 of Appendi
The critical conditions were observed to occur in July at a
critical ammonia loading of 1.9 mg/L from the discharger. The
resulting design conditions were:
Parameter Upstream Discharge
Flow, cfs
Temperature, deg c
PH
Alkalinity, mg/L
Ammonia, mg/L
34.8
23., 9
7.6
72.2
0.0
32. 0
25.0
7. 0
245 . 0
1.9
The WQC excursions produced by this loading are shown in Figu
4.6. The most severe excursion occurred during seven days in
of 1936. The most prolonged excursion occurred during the sum
of 1966.
36
-------
LOCATION
POLLUTANT
fL°F DESCON INPUT DATA
FLOW ADJUSTMENT
.-.jv_/-vi iUN
OF UPSTREAM oOLrrr-mnTm
II $ sss H™-
««« or
I DISCHARGE ALKALINITY, MG/L
: YES
-• BIOLOGICALLY-BASED
: 4.0
3.0
EPA NATIONAL CCC
ENTIRE RECORD
1.0
BELOW FLOW GAGE
u
]
L
25
32.
14.
7.
245.
. u
• *-
. 5
.0
.0
,2
0
0
TO
TO
70
TO
TO
TO
TO
TO
')
"* f
— t
3
36,
32.
25.
245.
.0
.0
-»
.0
.0
3
n
\j
0
MG/L
DEC.
MG/L
CFS
DEC.
MG/L
/^
C
25
1957.
34. 8
0.0
23.9
7.6
72.2
32.0
1.9
25.0
7.0
245.0
ln
37
-------
HISTORICAL EXCURSIONS. FOR PERIOD 1931 - 1986
EXCURSION CLUSTERS
riUMBER OF !
EXCURSION PERIODS
DURATION
START DATE LXCURSIONS ,' START DATE
.TUL
UL
t/G
UL
AUG
AUG
JUL
AUG
AUG
21, 1932
2~ , 1933
Li, .936
25, 1941
-. 1955
4, 1957
11, 1966
1, 1970
16 , 1986
TOTAL
1.50 i JUL
i. oo ; JUL
.." ' AUG
-.00
I. 00
i.OO
5.00
2.25
1.00
15.50
JUL
AUG
AUG
JUL.
JUL
AUG
SEP
AUG
AUG
AUG
21,
27 ,
14,
25 ,
4,
8,
11,
30,
18,
6,
1,
13,
16,
1932
1933
1936
1941
1955
1957
1966
1966
1966
1966
1970
1970
1986
( DAYS )
6
4
-
4
4
4
18
16
18
6
4
5
4
MAGNITUDE*
t
-s
o
"> 1
1.
-1
£. .
0.
9.
16.
17.
9.
3.
5 .
3.
. 6
. 4
1.
1
5
2
2
£.
3
3
0
8
0
* I BY WHICH CRITERION CONCENTRATION IS EXCEEDED
FIGURE 4.6 WQC Excursions Under Ammonia Design Conditions
38
-------
r ,™;:::r::, — r:r— r=t r - «
^•6 DESIGN CONDITIONS FOR OTHER POLLUTANTS
39.
-------
TABLE 4.1 Comparison of Design Conditions for Ammonia in t.H.»
Quinnipiac River
4-Day Averages
Upstream Discharge
30-Day Average:
."pstream Dischc
A. Biologically-Based WQC
Critical Period
Flow, cfs
Temperature, uea.
?H
Alkalinity, :ng L
Ammonia, mg/L
Excursion
July
34.8
23.9
~. 6
0.0
Method
July
32.0
25.0
~. 0
1. 9
July
54.4
23.5
n fl ^ "•
J O • J ^
3. Extreme .Value-3ased WQC Excursion Method
Critical Period
Flow, cfs
Temperature, lea.
PH
Alkalinity, :ng/L
Ammonia, mg/L
July
35.9
23.7
7.2
70.3
0.0
July
32.0
24.4
7.0
245.0
1.9
July
48. 7
23.3
~ . 4
;o.o
o.o
40
-------
ln ,,
location
Pollutant
Coefficient a- -
Averaging Period, .-.-ays
Return Period, y9ars
Concentration Limit.
Period of Recora
flow Adjustment Factor
Discharger Location
Range of Discharae Flow
Ra£a* °5 Disc^rgf ~
Range of Discharge
.«**• of Discharge Diss". Oxygen
•• Quinnipiac R at Wall
: Lead
UOD
•' 0.23 I/days
: 0.46 I/days
= 0.0 mg/L/day
•• 4 (Bio-Based Method)
' (Extreme Value Method)
'' in ,^io-Based Method)
10 (Extreme value Method)
: EPA National c^c
•• Entire Record
: 1.0
selow Flow Gage
0.0
l o
x • \J
39.0
4.2
32.0
14.2
250.0
5.5
1 to
to
^o
CO
to
to
to
to
o.o
24.0
'.20.0
15.0
32.0
25'. 3
250.0
5.5
mg/L
Deg.
mg/L
mg/L
- IS
Deg.
mg/L
mg/L
41
-------
TABLE 4.3 Design Conditions for Ammonia, Lead, and UOD in
the Quinnipiac River
A. Biologically-Based WQC Excursion Method (4-Day Averages)
UPSTREAM
NH3 Lead CJOD
DISCHARGE
NH3 Lead UC
Critical Period
Flow, cfs
Temperature, cleg. •_•
PH
Alkalinity, mg/L
Hardness, mg/L
Diss. Oxygen, :r.g/L
Pollut. Concen., rng/L
July August August
34.8 17.4 37.1
-3.9 - 23.6
7.6
72.2
- 103.8
7.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
July August Auc
32.0 32.0 32.
-5.0 - 25.
7.0 - ' -
245.0
- 250.0
1.9 11.9 21.
(ug/L)
B. Extreme Value-Based WQC Excursion Method (7-Day Averages)
Critical Period
Flow, cfs
Temperature, deg. c
PH
Alkalinity, mg/L
Hardness, mg/L
Diss. Oxygen, mg/L
Pollut. Concen., mg/L
UPSTREAM
NH3 Lead UOD
July August August
35.9 23.8 38.7
23.7 - 23.6
7.2
70.3
97.6
7.3
0.0 0.0 0.0
DISCHARGE
NH3 Lead UC
July August Auc
32.0 32.0 32,
24.4 - 25.
7.0
245.0
- 250.0
1.9 12.2 22,
(ug/L)
42
-------
4-7
UNCOMPAHGRE
RIVER
WQC
"o.
,nd
.
Tne
river resuic ln
differences
HOC .xeur.t™
river v«
Quinnipiac
cor.si=sraoly
for
is
»-»«««„
43
-------
TABLE 4.4 DESCON Input: Data for the Uncompahgre River
Location
Pollutant
Kl Coefficient at 20 Deg. C
:^2 Coefficient .jt .10 Deg. C
Benthic Demand .it 20 Deg. C
\veraaing Period, ir^vs
Return Period, rears
Concentration Limit
Period of Record
Flow Adjustment Factor
Discharger Location
Range of
Range of
Range of
Range of
Range of
Range of
Range of
Range of
Range of
Range of
Range of
Range of
Upstream
Upstream
Upstream
Upstream
Upstream
Upstream
Pollutant
Temperature
PH
Alkalinity
Hardness
Diss. Oxygen
Discharge Flow
Discharge Temperature
Discharge PH
Discharge Alkalinity
Discharge Hardness
Discharge Diss. Oxygen
Uncompahgre R at Delta, CO
Ammonia
Lead
UOD
0.23 I/days '
0.46 1/days
0.0 mg/L/day
4 (Bio-Based Method)
7 (Extreme Value Method)
3 (Bio-Based Method)
10 (Extreme Value Method)
EPA National CCC (Ammonia)
EPA National CCC (Lead)
5.0 mg/L (UOD)
Entire
1.0
Below
0.0
1.3
7.1
100.0
300.0
7.4
51.0
14.2
7.0
245.0
250.0
5.5
Recc
Flow
to
to
to
to
CO
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
rd
Gage
0.0
13.2
8.7
272.0
1300.0
13.6
51.0
25. 3
7.0
245.0'
250.0
5. 5
mg/L
Deg.
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
cfs
Deg.
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
-V4
-------
19VBF P* A.
Critical Period
Flow, cfs
Temperature, ciea. _•
PH
Alkalinity, .-TIQ/L
Hardness, :ng/L
3iss. Oxygen, -a/L
Poliut. concen., :na/L
B.
Critical Period
Flow, cfs
Temperature, deg. c
PH
Alkalinity, mg/L
Hardness, mg/L
Diss. Oxygen, mg/L
.Poliut. Concen., mg/L
,QC
UPSTREAM
Lead
August April
91.8 64.6 96.8
17.8 - 17.9
7.6
- 367.5
7.7
°-0 0.0 0.0
UPSTREAM
NH3 Lead UOD
July April July
89.4 56.7 97.1
18.0
8.1
208.8
18-0
- 433.6
0.0 0.0
7.8
o.O
. "d U
in
DISCHARGE
NH3 Lead L'O
51.0 51.0 51.
25.3 - 24.
7.0
US.O
- :5o.o
5 .
3-3 31.1 39.
OISCHARGE
Lead CIO
July April Jul
51.0 51.0 51.'
24.7 - 24.
~ .0
245.0
- 250.0
5 .
3.3 32.8 39.
(ug/L)
45
-------
SECTION 5
UTILIZATION GUIDELINES
This section provides some useful guidelines for utilizir
DESCON. in the «LA process. It covers such topics as input data
•v/ai lability, choice of analysis options, and the interpretat:
of the program's results. A question and answer format is usec
simplify the presentation.
5.1 DATA AVAILABILITY
'}: Tan DESCON he -..'ied if no streamflow data or water auaiity
-nrameter riata •*:•:::;-. -?r -.he site in question?
A: DESCON cannot ue used if streamflow data do not exist, if r
on some water 'Tiialir.y variables (such as temperature) are
unavailable, :- :nay ce possible to substitute values from anot
river which in c i imato logically and hydrologically similar.
Q: Suppose a streamflow record exists but the gage LS not cioj
the site being .i
A: OESCON allows the user to specify a streamflow adjustment
ractor, r, so -hat "ite streamflow can be related to recorded
streamflow as follows:
Daily Site Streamflow = F *. Daily Gage Streamflow
The factor F is usually established as the ratio of the upstr<
drainage area of the site to that of the gage location. In
addition, if the gage is Located downstream of the discharger
DESCON win adjust the streamflow records to account for the
discharge flow when computing an upstream design flow.
46
-------
Q: >*at minimum length of flow record is recommended?
A: Th. longer ,ne flow record. the more reliable
vin b. r
"
.aiue ,uaivsis at a 10-year return peri
period.
-™ =
•-•»
the record of
=
47
-------
50 r
50
30 i-
20 30
YEARS CF RECORD
40
FIGURE S.I Spread in 90 Percent Confidence Limits on
a 10-Year Return Period Quantile
-18
-------
OESCON will »^
monthly =«a-<
or
«
« - o«n£;T58::r in tt- —- —
. oaem c« „.
optio o
A: I? th« WLA
49
-------
cr.at«d
a, . c=n..rvativ. zat.rial
an.ly,.s
(«, .
*
"
only d.,ign
'
-- -'=r vhich
: Strictly spring, canputation
5C
-------
rog.nous coa0n. carbonaceous
=.
s«=arat.
carh!n ' ?r°?'r ac=— -•'- «*
=arfccnac.cu, and nitrog.nous 300 =c=?or.e,
S.3 **,AJ1JU.K1^,W«» OF RESULTS
, . - -
b,.«j- on a
=,„ .nt.r „.
flow) and a
-------
that the applicable WQC is met under the critical pollutant 1
and specified design stream-low.
DESCON. can also be us*d to compute "srand-aior.*" das
srraamJlows, «irh«r axrrsaa valu«-bas«d flows such as a TQIC
biologically-basad flows, in ta« saa* aanr.ar as a =r«Ci
softvar. pacJcag. called DFLOW (US EPA, 1986C) . To do this
us.r would choosa eh. following options from rh« program's =ar.
1. Pollutant to b« analyzad ganeral toxicant,
2. Mathod of dafining WQC axcursion fraquancy either axtr
valua or biologically-basad,
3. WQC concantration limit any valu« will do (a.g., i uc/l
4. Include tha effects of a discharger no.
-------
SECTION 6
REFERENCES
D.P., stedinger, J.R., and Haith f
;enig 01 • • «"«* naj.cn, u.A, Ivater agoi.—^.
Cliffs, NJ, 1981. ' Prentlce~Ha11' Inc., Znglewoo
ality
January, 1933
January, l9S5(a).
Quallty criteru for
:; Mrr Tlations
m, D.C., January, i985 (d)
an
53
-------
U.S. EPA, "Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Lead - 1984"
EPA 440/5-84-027, office of Water Regulations and Standards,
Office of water, Washington, C.C., January, 1985(e).
U.S. EPA, "Technical Support Document for Water Quality-based
Toxics Control", Office of Water, Washington, D.C.,
September, 1985(f).
U.S. EPA, "Water Quality Criteria; Ambient Aquatic Life Water
Quality Criteria Documents", Federal Baqf^yj. Vol. 51(47):
3361, March 11, 1986(a).
-.S. E?A, "Water Quality Criteria; Request For Comments"
Federal PPCTHI-T, Vol. 51(102) :19269, May 28, 1986(b).
U.S. EPA, '"Technical Guidance Manual for Performing Waste Loac
Allocation, Book VI, Design Conditions: Chapter 1, stream Desigr
Flow for Steady-state Modeling", office of Water Regulations anc
Standards, office of Water, Washington, D.C., August, I986(c)
54
-------
APPENDIX A
WATER QUALITY CRITERIA
I. Ammonia (us EPA, isssa)
Criterio" ***i*um Concentration (CMC> c
where
CMCo
FT
0.52 / FT / FPH / 2.
10 -5.03 (20 - T*} J
20
25
PH*
pH if pH
6-5 otherwise
c,ncen««ian (ccc
T*
FPH
*
15 if salmonids present and T >
T°o^erwisridS n0t *«•-* «
as above
IS. otherwise
<*
CCC
0.322 CMCo /
0.822 CCCO /
Heavy Metals
-------
CMC cr CCC = exp[a LJf(H) - b] (ug/L)
where the constants "a" and »b» are given by:
Metal
CMC
CCC
Reference
1.123
.9422
.3190
1.273
.3460
.3213
-3.323
-1.464
3.638
-1.460
3.3612
.3141
.7852
.3545
.8190
1.273
.3460
.8213
-3.490
-1.465
1.561
-4.705
.5703
-.1541
US EPA,
US EPA,
US EPA,
US EPA,
US EPA,
US EPA,
1985b
1985c
1935d
1985e
1986a
1986b
Cadmium
Copper
Chromium (III)
Lead
.Vickel
Zinc
ril. Pentachlorcphenoi (US EPA. 1986a)
The WQC for centachlorophenol is a function of pH:
CMC = exp[1.005 PH - 4.954]
CCC = expC1.005 PH - 5.412]
(ug/L)
(ug/L)
IV. Ultimate Oxygen Demand
°°O
. . P
to determine he maximum Initial £ ISH #£* m°del Ca" be uset
results in a DO just eoual ta rho *+ *** UOD con=entration tha-
of the downstream DO pSJile? critarion at the critical poin-
for COO.
where
and
with
Cs - Cc =
Tc
L
Co
Cc
Cs
T
Kl
Klo
[S/K2][1 - exp(-K2 Tc)]
Ln[(K2/Kl)(1 + Y/L)]
CO/K2) - Cs 4- Co] [R2 - Kl] / Kl
initial UOD
initial DO
DO criterion
saturation DO
-4:oo^4l°?V * -007991 T'2
temperature
Klo 1.024*(T - 20)
UOD decay rate coefficient at 20 deg. c
-------
« , K20 1.047-(T - 20)
VIV*"81-' « 20 deg. c
DO de.and (mg/t/day) ^ ^
-
Mixing Equations
^J = :ci QI
••n.r. C1 m
C2 =
"=concentration (or
Ql - upstream flow
v = discharger flow.
S : :
fractions cn
5 : '
CT1 = Al / F1
-------
CT2
A2 / F2
4. Find the downstream temperature (T3> aiieaii«<+.,, /,.,,
total inorganic carbon (CT3) : aiJcalinity (A3), and
T3
A3
CT3
T2 Q2) / (Ql + Q2)
A2 Q2) / (Ql * Q2)
CT2 Q2) / (Ql * Q2)
3 (Tl Ql -
= (CT1 Ql
5. Find the downstream ionization constant (PKA3):
PKA3 » 6.57 - .0113 T3 -(• .00012 T3'2
5. Find the downstream pH (PH3):
?H3 = ?RA3 - LoglO(CT3/A3 - 1)
-------
APPENDIX B
HOW TO RUN THE DESCON PROGRAM
The main DESCON menu is shown in Fiaure B l -„„
aUie as . roiiw option?
1- Retrieve now data from STORET
-• Retrieve v.icer quality data from STORET
3- Analyze retrieved water quality data
4. Calculate design conditions •
5- Exit -he program
oe tne fl our u Be
reouired i
named
runs. —**jr accessed on any future or
60
-------
D E S' C 0 N MAIN MENU
ENTER THE OTMBER OF THE PROCEDURE YOU WISH TO EXECUTE;
i - RETRIEVE STREAMFLOW DATA
- - RETRIEVE WATER QUALITY DATA
3 - ANALYZE WATER QUALITY DATA
4 - COMPUTE DESIGN CONDITIONS
5 - EXIT THE PROGRAM
CHOICE = = « i
ENTER 3-DIGIT "SGS STATION NUMBER ===== > 01196500
ENTER _ -DIGIT STORET STATE CODE =====, 09
SAVED
JOB XXX(JOB01234) SUBMITTED
FLOW DATA WILL BE STORED IN FILE FLOW.DATA
FIGURE B.l streamrlow Retrieval With DESCON
61
-------
second one 'on f-
data are
vai or .-;•:
third
n
in a
^ °"
named PARAM.DATA.
"""
Period of r.=ord -.
asona/ oa
(or ;
8 ="<=««« over my sp.ci(1.,
oe
in.-a file
—
can be
.
This data is
iah,
' to DESCON
to
are placed in
Cype of t»"«aj
5 ic in a '
case, str«
62 .
-------
DESCON MAIN MENU
==-«=-=-=«== = = « = = = «=«=„„„_„_„„„„_.,._,.__,_____
INTER THE NUMBER OF THE PROCEDURE YOU WISH TO EXECUTE:
I - RETRIEVE STREAMFLOW DATA
2 - RETRIEVE WATER QUALITY DATA
3 - ANALYZE WATER QUALITY DATA
4 - COMPUTE DESIGN CONDITIONS
5 - EXIT THE PROGRAM
CHOICE = = = • 2
ENTER 5 -CHARACTER MONITORING STATION AGENCY CODE 112WRD
INTER S-DIG:T MONITORING STATION NUMBER ==== - ougesoo
STORET CODES FOR PARAMETERS OF MOST INTEREST
WATER TEMPERATURE, DEC C 10
DISSOLVED OXYGEN, MG/L 300
ALKALINITY, MG/L CACO3 JJo
TOTAL AMMONIA, MG/L N 608
TOTAL HARDNESS, MG/L CACO3 900
™E STORET CODES OF THE PARAMETERS YOU WISH TO
RETRIEVE ALL ON ONE LINE ENCLOSED IN QUOTES WITH FORMAT-
P = CODE L . P = CODE 2> , ... ETC. '
'P=LO ,P=300 ,P=400 ,P=410 ,P=900 '
SAVED
JOB XXX ( JOBOL235 ) SUBMITTED
PARAMETER DATA WILL BE STORED IN FILE PARAM DATA
FIGURE B.z water Quality Data Retrieval with
DESCON
63
-------
THE Cr
THE
STREAMFLOW DATA
-
CHOICE ===
STATION MO. -1196500
00400
. CT
MG/L
sir
3
4
5
6
A HONTHLY
PRODUCE A DAILY SUMMARY
FIT A SEASONAL MODEL
SET CUT-OFF LIMITS
RETURN TO MAIN MENU
2
3
4
5
t>
1
00030
00400
00410
00900
DO
PH
T ALK
T HARD
TEMP
CACO3
CACO3
CENT
MG/L
SU
MG/L
MG/L
B,
of
64
-------
WHAT ARE THE "RST i LAST YEARS OF PERIOD ANALYZED
'ENTER 1000, .099 FOR ENTIRE PERIOD OF RECORD)
L970, 1999
SUMMARY BY YEAR OF WATER TEMP
YEAR
L970
L971
1972
1973
iGRABS :•'
15 : 4
13 .3
12 .0
14 :;
;EAN ^COMPOSITES MEAN
.5
.3
.3
. 6
..ata
1985
1986
12 : 4
14
. 9
. 4
0
0
0
0
:or 1974 -
0
0
0
0
0
0
1984 not
0
0
OVERALL VALUES
MIN MAX MEAN
1.0
2.0
2. 0
1.0
shown
1.5
4.0
30.0
27.0
21.0
26.0
23.0
22.0
14.
13.
10 .
14.
14.
14.
5
8
3
6
9
4
HOW SHOULD THE //ATER QUALITY DATA BE ANALYZED-
1 PRODUCE A YEARLY SUMMARY
2 PRODUCE A MONTHLY SUMMARY
3 PRODUCE A DAILY SUMMARY
4 FIT A SEASONAL MODEL
5 SET CUT-OFF LIMITS
6 RETURN TO MAIN MENU
WHICH PARAMETER DO YOU WISH TO ANALYZE
1
WHAT ARE FIRST > LAST YEARS OF PERIOD ANALYZED
(ENTER 1900, 1999 FOR ENTIRE PERIOD OF RECORD)
1970, 1999
FIGURE B.3 •Jontinued from previous page.
65
-------
INCLUDE WHICH TYPE 0F SAMPLE:
- COMPOSITE
3 BOTH
2 NO
2
MEAN
35
JO
:s -
i
20
15 -
10 -
I
5 - *
; *
o ***+*_
THE DATA:
VALUES (1970-1999) OF WATER T
EMP
*•+ *++•
* *-t.
••••»•+ -t-
s
i
6 RETURN TO MAIN MENU
riGUREB.3
from previous page.
-------
:-/HICH PARAMETER DO YOU WISH TO ANALYZE:
1
WHAT ARE FIRST i LAST YEARS OF PERIOD ANALYZED
(ENTER 1900, 1999 FOR ENTIRE PERIOD OF RECORD)
1970, 1999
INCLUDE WHICH TYPE OF SAMPLE:
1 GRAB
2 COMPOSITE
3 BOTH
LOG TRANSFORM THE DATA:
1 VES
USE WHICH TYPE OF SEASONALITY MODEL
L NONE
2' MONTHLY
3 DAILY
4 SINUSOUDAL
RESULTS OF SINUSOIDAL SEASONAL MODEL FOR
DAILY VALUES (1970-1999) OF WATER TEMP
FITTED PARAMETER VALUE Y ON DAY D IS:
Y = A * SIN(.0172*D) * B * COS(.0172*D) -
WHERE
A
B
C
STD . ERROR
!. R-SQUARED
* OBSERVATIONS
MEAN MODEL ERROR
COEFF. OF VARIATION = 0.1706
GOODNESS OF FIT = 15%
-4.292
-10.55
12.56
2.201
93.24
206
0.0000
FIGURE B.3 Continued from previous page.
67
-------
SEASONALLY MODEL TO SAME DATA
HO
: FIT A SEASONAL MODEL
a SET CUT-OFF LIMITS
o RETURN TO MAIN MENU
FIGURE B.3 continued from previous page.
68
-------
TABLE B.I
Pollutants and Design Conditions Considered Bv
DESCON
Pollutant
Design Conditions
•/o Discharger v/ Discharger
General
toxicant
Ammonia
Heavy Metals
Cadmium
Chromium III
Copper
Lead
Nickel
Zinc
Pentachlorophenoi
Ultimate Oxygen
Demand
Flow
Flow
Temperature
pH
Flow
Hardness
Flow
PH
Flow
Temperature
Dissolved
oxygen
Flow
Toxicant
Flow
Temperature
OH
Alkalinity
Ammonia
Flow
Hardness
Metal
Flow
PH
Temperature
Alkalinity
Pentachlorophenol
Flow
Temperature
Dissolved
oxygen
UOD
69
-------
«»"«Y
Water Quality Values"
Pollutant
General
Toxicant
-„
-n-scream
Heavy
Pentachloro-
pnenoi
remperature
pH
PH
Toxicant
Temperature
PH
Alkalinity
Ammonia
Hardness
Metal
PH
Temperature
Alkalinity
Pentachloro-
phenol
Temperature
Oxygen
UOD
aaquired ay
to DESCON
Discharge
Flow
Temperatur
PH
Alkalinity
Flow
Hardness
Flow
PH
Tsmperatur
Alkalinity
Flow
Temperatur
Oxygen
Flow
-------
rile Entry
lomments
Stream Data for Ouinnipiac River
10
1.
0,0
12
1,15,1.8
2,14,2.4
3,15,4.3
4,15,10.1
5,15,15.4
6,15,21.3
7,15,23.9
3,15,24.5
9,15,20.0
10,15,14.3
-1,17,5.9
12,15,3.2
400
o'.o
12
1,15,7.2
2,14,7.2
3,15,7.2
4,15,7.1
5,15.7.1
6,15,7.1
7,15,7.2
8,15 ,6.9
9,15,7.0
10,15,7.2
11,15 ,7.0
12,15,7.1
Tile header
STORET parameter code
Nominal parameter value*
Random variability factor
Number of seasonal factor
Month, day, seasonal fact
Next parameter code
Nominal parameter value
Random variability factor
Number of seasonal factor
Month, day, seasonal fact.
lThe actual parameter value for a given day of the year equal
the nominal parameter value times a seasonal factor for that
2These factors indicate the type of random variability to into.
around the deterministic -nnual cycle of parameter values "
-eroes indicate that no random variability is to be 'ncluded
FIGURE B.4 Format of Files STREAM.DATA and DISCH.DATA
71
-------
- ••«- •-
L. 31, 2.i
- 1. J.4
-- -3, J.4
•5CC.
Using fiies STREAM. DATA and DISCH
DATA
-
.. „.„,„„
«""" — •
=
-------
The results for this run are displayed in Figure B.6. Af
the table of critical design conditions appears the user is
presented with a menu that offers the following additional an
option^:
* viewing the dates and durations of the WQC excursions that
would have occurred over the historical flow record under
current design loading,
* computing alternative design conditions and a WQC excursio
frequency for a user-specified design load,
* computing alternative design conditions for a particular
user-defined s-reamflow,
* repeating r.r.e analysis for a new division of the year into
different seasons.
figure B.6 concludes with the results of selecting the first
these options.
One final operational reminder; at times the program wii
display the following prompt:
and pause to allow the user to read the currently displayed c
Execution win resume when the Enter Jcey is pressed.
73
-------
1
2
3
4
5
THE NUMBER OF THE PROCEDURE YOU WISH TO EXECUTE:
RETRIEVE STREAMFLOW DATA
RETRIEVE WATER QUALITY DATA
ANALYZE WATER QUALITY DATA
COMPUTE DESIGN CONDITIONS
EXIT THE PROGRAM
CHOICE
( QUINNIPIAC
2
3
4
5-
2
FOR
STATION 01196500
c BE
AMMONIA-N
HEAVY METAL
PENTACHLOROPHENOL •
ULTIMATE OXYGEN DEMAND
NO
OR OTHER COLD WATER SPECIES PRESENT
2
-)
2
BIOLOGICALLY-BASED
Conditi'
74 '
-------
USE DEFAULT DEFINITION OF EXCURSION PARAMETERS
1 YES
2 NO
ENTER THE STARTING AND ENDING YEARS OF THE FLOW RECORD
(ENTER 1900, 1999 TO INCLUDE ENTIRE RECORD)
1900, 1999
WHAT IS THE FLOW GAGE ADJUSTMENT FACTOR
(WHERE SITE FLOW = FACTOR * GAGE FLOW)
1.0
WHERE IS THE DISCHARGER IN RELATION TO THE FLOW GAGE
1 ABOVE THE GAGE
2 BELOW THE GAGE
3 THERE IS NO DISCHARGER
•
WHAT IS SIZE OF MIXING ZONE (% OF STREAM X-SECTION)
100
CONSIDER DAILY VARIABILITY OF EFFLUENT AMMONIA-N
1 YES
2 NO
FIGURE B.5 Continued from previous page.
75
-------
NOMINAL YEAR-ROUND VALUE
o
• 2 NO
: i
1 YES
- MO
"^ABILITY or
^REAM'°ATA TO DESCRIBE VARIABILITY Or
1 YES
2 NO
•>
1
TOR
NOMINAL YEAR-ROUND VALUE
32
OF DAILY SEASONALLY FACTORS
INCLUDE
2 LOGNORMAL
3 NONE
or
FIGURE B.5 continued from previous page.
76
-------
ENTER THE FOLLOWING VARIABILITY DATA FOR
DISCHARGER TEMPERATURE, DEG C
"EAR-ROUND NOMINAL VALUE
•p
1.
NUMBER OF DAILY SEASONALITY FACTORS
12
MONTH, DAY OF MONTH, AND FACTOR VALUE FOR EACH
J fJ Jf'n 2 14 14>2 3 1S 14'8 4 1S 15'8
I II i?'S ,n J5 21-5 7 1S 24-9 8 1S 25-3
9 15 23.3 LO 15 23.1 11 15 21.7 12 15 17.8
TYPE OF RANDOM VARIATION TO INCLUDE
1 NORMAL
2 LOGNORMAL
3 NONE
ENTER THE FOLLOWING VARIABILITY DATA FOR
DISCHARGE PH
NOMINAL YEAR-ROUND VALUE
7.0
NUMBER OF DAILY SEASONALITY FACTORS
0
TYPE OF RANDOM VARIATION TO INCLUDE
1 NORMAL
2 LOGNORMAL
3 NONE
•p
3
FIGURE B.5 Continued from previous page.
77
-------
NOMINAL YEAR-ROUND VALUE
245
NUMBER OF DAILY SEASONALITY FACTORS
TO INCLUDE
- LOGNORMAL
3 NONE
LOCATION
POLLUTANT
,f^fL°LDESCON INPUT DATA
AVERAGING PERIOD, DAYS
RETURN PERIOD, YEARS
CLUSTERING PERIOD DAYS
MAX. EXCURSIONS PER CLUSTER
CONCENTRATION LIMIT CLUSTER
PERIOD OF RECORD
FLOW, ADJUSTMENT FACTOR
DISCHARGER LOCATION
SIZE OF MIXING ZONE, %
QOIT.
YES
BIOLOGICALLY-BASED
4.0
3.0
120.0
5.0
EPA NATIONAL CCC
ENTIRE RECORD
1.0
BELOW FLOW GAGE
100.0
TO CONTINUE...
B.5
continued from previous
page.
78
-------
PARAMETER
NOMINAL RANGE RANDOM VARIATIC
UPSTREAM AMMONIA-N, MG/L 0.0 - 0.0
UPSTREAM TEMPERATURE, DEC C 1.2 - 24.0
UPSTREAM PH 5.5-8.2
UPSTREAM ALKALINITY, MG/L 25.0 - 86.0
DISCHARGE FLOW, CFS 32.0 - 32.0
DISCHARGE TEMPERATURE, DEC C 14.2 - 25.3
DISCHARGE PH 7.0-7.0
DISCHARGE ALKALINITY, MG/L 245.0 - 245.0
NONE
NONE
NONE
NONE
NONE
NONE
NONE
NONE
ENTER "Q" TO QUIT, ANYHTING ELSE TO CONTINUE...
10 YEARS OF FLOW RECORD PROCESSED
20 YEARS OF FLOW RECORD PROCESSED
30 YEARS OF FLOW RECORD PROCESSED
40 YEARS OF FLOW RECORD PROCESSED
50 YEARS OF FLOW RECORD PROCESSED
SHOULD A SEASONAL ANALYSIS BE MADE
1 YES
2 NO
FIGURE B.5 Continued from previous page.
79
-------
PARAMETER
CRITICAL DESIGN CONDITIONS
UPSTREAM FLOW, CFS
iS iF™MG/l
nZSSS. "^uraiY,
"•tSCHARGE AMMONIA-N
DISCHARGE FLOW, CFS
DISCHARGE TEMPERATE
DISCHARGE PH
SrtS^5 ALKALINITY,
SEASON
DEG C
APR
APR
APR
APR
APR
APR
APR
APR
APR
APR
APR
APR
-MAR
-MAR
MAR
MAR
MAR
-MAR
-MAR
MAR
MAR
MAR
MAR
MAR
7-
ortot ijc.5ir*w f^nivrr>TmT«mv« ~. A'"• * *
. ^-«wux iiOrTS OM "* —^—~~
^"U"i*ilEx\ DE5*T7^TT*TO1^T rtr»
Q O E*TTT 11'-. m* *•* ^i» J, i ^ Wi» \J f
VALUE
34.8
0.0
23.9
7.6
72.2
'1.9
32.0
25.0
7.0
245.0
1.0
25-57
59.38
YEARS
FIGURE B.6
Design Conditions computed by DESCON
80
-------
HISTORICAL EXCURSIONS FOR PERIOD 1931-1986
EXCURSION
START
JUL 21
JUL 27
AUG 14
JUL 25
AUG 4
AUG 8
JUL 11
DATE
, 1932
, 1933
, 1936
, 1941
, 1955
, 1957
, 1966
AUG 1, 1970
AUG 16, 1986
TOTAL
* % BY
WHICH
CLUSTERS
EXCURSION PERIODS
NUMBER OF DURATION
EXCURSIONS START DATE (DAYS) MAGNITUDE*
1.50 JUL 21,
1.00 JUL 27,
1.75 AUG 14,
1.00 I JUL 25,
1.00
1.00
5.00
2.25
1.00
15.50
AUG 4,
AUG 8,
JUL 11,
JUL 30,
AUG 18,
SEP 6,
AUG 1,
AUG 13,
AUG 16,
1932
1933
1936
1941
1955
1957
1966
1966
1966
1966
1970
1970
1986
6
4
7
4
4
4
18
16
18
6
4
5
4
4.6
0.4
21.1
1.1
2.5
0.2
9.2
16.2
17^
9.3
3.0
6.8
3.0
CRITERION CONCENTRATION IS
EXCEEDED
FIGURE B.6 Continued from previous page.
81
-------