EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Water
Regulations and Standards
Washington, DC 20460
EPA 440/5-58/017
September 1988
Water
Definitions
Water Quality Standards
Criteria Summaries:
A Compilation
of State/Federal Criteria
Printed on Recycled Paper
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DISCLAIMER
This publication was prepared by Battelle under contract to
the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Contract 68-03-3534).
Secondary information sources were used to compile data presented
in this document. Each State was given an opportunity to review
and provide comments on a draft of this information document. In
no event shall either the United States or Battelle have any
responsibility or liability for any use, misuse, or reliance upon
the information contained herein, nor does either warrant or
otherwise represent in any way the accuracy, adequacy, efficacy,
or applicability of the contents hereof.
The reader should consult the water quality standards of a
particular State for exact regulatory language applicable to that
State. Copies of State water quality standards may be obtained
from the State's Water Pollution Control Agency or its
equivalent.
Additional information may also be obtained from the:
Standards Branch •
Criteria and Standards Division (WH-585)
Office of Water Regulations and Standards
.U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20460
202-475-7315
This document may be obtained only from the National Technical
Information Service (NTIS) at the following address:
National Technical Information Service
5285 Front Royal Road
Springfield, Virginia 22161
703-A87-4650
The NTIS order number is: PB89-141493
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INTRODUCTION
This digest is compiled to provide general information to the public as well
as to Federal, State, and local officials. It contains excerpts from the
individual Federal-State water quality standards establishing pollutant
specific criteria for interstate surface waters. The water quality standards
program is implemented by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency where
responsibility for providing water quality recommendations, approving
State-adopted standards for . interstate waters, evaluation adherence to the
standards, and overseeing enforcement of standards compliance, has been
mandated by Congress.
Standards, a
three major
propagation,
criteria to
existing high
nationwide strategy for surface water quality management, contain
elements: the use (recreation, drinking water, fish and wildlife
industrial, or agricultural) to be made of the navigable water;
protect these uses; and an antidegradation statement to protect
quality waters, from degradation by the addition of pollutants.
Vater quality criteria (numerical or narrative specifications) for physical,
chemical, temperature, and biological constituents are stated in the July 1976
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency publication Quality Criteria for Vater
(QCV)» available from the Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. The
1976 QCV, commonly referred to as the "Red Book," is the most current
compilation of scientific information used by the Agency as a basis for
assessing water quality. This publication is subject to periodic updating and
revisions in light of new scientific and technical information.
This digest is a compilation of key terms and definitions which are employed
by a given state • in implementing its Water Quality Standards program. The
understanding of these terms and definitions has become increasingly important
as more public and local government interests focus on the attainability of
goals outlined by Clean Water Act. Increased importance is also given to these
terms as more interstate program coordination is accomplished.
Since water quality standards experience revisions and upgrading from time to
time, following procedures set forth in the Clean Water Act, individual
entries in this digest may be superseded. As these revisions are accomplished
and allowing for the States to revise their standards accordingly, this digest
will be updated and reissued. Because this publication is not intended for use
other than as a general information resource, to obtain the latest information
and for special purposes and applications, the reader needs to refer to the
current approved water quality standards. These can be obtained from the
State water pollution control agencies or the EPA or Regional Offices.
Individual State-adopted definitions follow:
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REFERENCES
5 California Water Quality Standards by River Basins, ca. 1975
For more detailed information on selected basins, sub-basins and stretches
of streams and coastal areas refer to California State Water Quality
Standards.
8 Delaware Water Quality Standards for Streams, 1985.
9 Florida Administrative Code, Chapter 17-4, 1987 and Florida Administrative
Code, Chapter 17-3, 1988.
11 Hawaii Administative Rules, Title II, Hawaii Department of Health,
Chapter 54: Water Quality Standards, 1988.
12 Idaho Department of Health and Welfare Rules and Regulations, Title 1,
Chapter 2, "Water Quality Standards and Wastewater Treatment
Requirements", 1980.
18 Louisiana Water Quality Standards, Lousiana Department of Environmental
Quality: Office of Water Resources, 1984
20 Water Quality and Water Pollution Control, Subtitle 50, Chapter 1,
Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene.
25 Missouri Water Quality Standards, ca. February, 1978
27 Nebraska Water Quality Standards, Title 117, Chapter 1, Nebraska
Department of Environmental Control.
31 Water Quality Standards for Interstate and Intrastate Streams in New
Mexico, State of New Mexico Water Quality Control Commission, 1988.
35 Ohio Water Quality Standards, Chapter 3745-1 of the Administrative Code,
Ohio Environmental Protection Agency, 1985.
38 Pennsylvania Water Quality Standards, Department of Environmental
Resources, Title 25. Part 1. Subpart C. Article II. Chapter 93 of
Pennsylvania Code.
40 South Carolina Water Classifications and Standards, Regulation 61-68,
Office of Environmental Quality Control, South Carolina Department of
Health and Environmental Control, 1985.
42 Tennessee's Water Quality Criteria and Stream Use Classifications for
Interstate and Intrastate Streams, Tennessee Water Quality Control Board:
Department of Health and Environment, 1987.
43 Texas Surface Water Quality Standards, Texas Water Commission, Rule
Change, 1988.
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44 Utah Standards of Quality for Waters of the State, Wastevater Disposal
Regulations: Part II, State of Utah Department of Health: Division of
Environmental Health, 1988.
45 Vermont Water Quality Standards, State of Vermont Water Resource Board,
1987.
48 Water Quality Standards, West Virginia Legislative Rules, State Water
Resources Board, 1985.
51 American Samoa Water Quality Standards, Revised July, 1973
53 Territory of Guam Water Quality Standards, Sept. 1975
55 Puerto Rico Water Quality Standards Regulation, Environmental Quality
Board, 1983.
56 Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands Water Quality Standards, October
21, 1973
57 Virgin Islands Water Quality.Standards, Aug. 1973
ENVIRONMENT REPORTER, The Bureau of National Affairs, Inc.
Washington, D.C. 20037
1 Pages 701-0501-0509, February 16, 1979
2 Pages 706:1004-1008, July 20, 1979 . .
3 Pages 711:0542-0544, August 5, 1977
4 Pages 716:0603, March 26, 1976
6 Pages 726:1005-,1011-1013, March 7, 1980
7 Pages 731:1002-1009, September 8, 1978
12 Pages 765:0512-0515, January 30, 1976
13 Page 766:0504-0509, October 5, 1979
14 Pages 771:0502-0504, September 29, 1978
15 Pages 776:0504-0506, April 10, 1979
16 Pages 781:0501-0502, May 18,' 1979
17 Pages 786:0501-0502, August 29, 1975
19 Pages 796:0103-0108, February 16, 1979
vi
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21 Page 806:1003, March 30, 1979
22 Page 811:i043, 1974
23 Pages 816:0602-0607, 0642-0648, 1974
24 Pages 821:0502-0505, June 30, 1978
26 Pages 831:0501-0510, February 21, 1975
28 Pages 841:0507-0537, December 7, 1979
29 Pages 846:0501-0508, November 17, 1978
30 Pages 851:1001-1023, December 15, 1978
32 Pages 861:1002-1007, August 11, 1979
33 Pages 866:1004-1009, December 28, 1979
34 Pages 871:0501-0506, November 25, 1977
36 Pages 881:1001-1007, September 21, 1979
37 Pages 886:0513-0524, August 29, 1975
39 Pages 901:0501-0505, November 3, 1978
41 Pages 911:0501-0507, June 22, 1979
46 Pages 936:1001-1003, June 27, 1975
47 Pages 941:1001-1005, May 26, 1978
49 Pages 951:;1002-1003, April 28, 1978
50 Pages 956:1001-1007, January 11, 1980
52 Page 741:1002, November 23, 1979
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State .
Alabava
Alaska
DEFINITIONS
a. State Waters means all waters of any river, stream,
yatercourse, pond, lake, coastal, ground or surface
water, wholly or partially within the state.
b. Sewage means water-carried human wastes -from
residences, building, industrial establishments or
other, places including, but not limited to, any
vessels, or other conveyances traveling or using the
waters of this state, together with such ground,
surface, storm or other waters as may be present.
c. Industrial Wastes means liquid or other wastes
resulting from any process of industry, manufacture,
trade or business or from the development of natural
resources.
d. Other Wastes means all other substances, whether
liquid, gaseous or solid, from all other sources
including, but not limited to, any vessels, or other
conveyances traveling or using the waters of this
state, except industrial wastes or sewage, which may
cause pollution of any waters of the state.
e. Commission means the.Water Improvement Commission;
and "member" means a member of said Commission.
(1) "acute" means severe but of short duration with
respect to constituent toxicity of disease;
(2) "anadromous fish" means those fish which spend a
portion of their lives in both fresh and salt waters,
including the five species of Pacific salmon, Dolly
Varden, rainbow trout (steelhead), sea-run cut throat
trout, arctic char, sheefish and whitefish;
(3) "aquaculture" means the regulation and cultivation
of water plants or animals for human use or
consumption;
r
(4) "boundary" means any line or landmark which serves
to clarify, outline, or mark a limit, • border, or
interface;
(5) "central office" means the central office of the
Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation, Pouch
0, Juneau, Alaska 99811.
(6) "Clean Water Act" means the Federal Water
Pollution Control Act (commonly referred to as the
Clean Water Act (P.L.92-500, as amended by P.L.
95-217) 33 U.S.C. Sec. 1251 et seq.);
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(7) "chronic" means lasting a long time or recurring
often with respect to constituent toxicity or disease;
(8) "color" means that condition of water vhich
results in the visual sensations of hue and intensity;
apparent color is the condition of water due to both
substances in solution and due to suspended matter;
color is measured in water after the turbidity is
removed;
(9) "commissioner" means the commissioner of
environmental conservation;
(10) "compensation point for photosynthetic activity'
means that point at which incident light penetration
is sufficient for plankton to phot©synthetically
produce enough oxygen to balance their respiration
requirements;
(11) "contact recreation" means activities in which
there is direct and intimate contact with water; .
examples of primary contact recreation include wading
and dabbling, swimming, diving, water skiing, surfing
and any intimate contact with water directly
associated with shore-line activities;
(12) "criterion" means a designated concentration or
limit of .a .constituent that, when not exceeded., will
protect an organism, an organism community, or a
prescribed water use or quality with a reasonable
degree of safety; a criterion, in some cases, may be a
narrative statement instead of a numerical constituent
concentration or limit;
(13) "department" means the Alaska Department of
Environmental Conservation;
(14) "dissolved oxygen" means the solubility of oxygen
in water as determined either by the Vinkler
(iodometric) method and its modifications or by the
Membrane Electrode Method;
(15) "effluent" means that segment of a wastewater
stream immediately following the final 'step in any
treatment process but before the wastewater stream is
discharged to the receiving environment;
(16) "fecal coliform bacteria' means those bacteria
that can ferment lactose at 44.5 degree plus or minus
0.2 degree C to produce gas in a multiple "tube
procedure; fecal coliform bacteria also means all
organisms which produce blue colonies within 24 plus
or minus hours of incubation at 44.5 degree plus or
minus 0.2 degree C in an M-FC broth medium;
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(17) "fish" means any of the group of cold-blooded
vertebrate animals living in water, and having
permanent gills for breathing and fins for locomotion;
(18) "Grain Size Accumulation Graph" means the graph
of the sediment sieving results where the logarithm of
the size (millimeters) is plotted on the horizontal
axis and percent accumulation by weight is plotted in
the linear scale on a vertical axis;
(19) "groundwater" means water is in the zone of
saturation, which is the zone below the water table,
in which all interstices are filled with water;
(20) "industrial use" means any water supply used in
association with a manufacturing or production
enterprise (other than food processing) including
mining, placer mining, energy production or
development;
(21) "lake" means an inland body of water, fresh or
salt, of substantial size, occupying a basin or hollow
in the earth's surface, which may or may not have a
current or single direction of flow;
(22) "LCj" means the median lethal concentration of "a
toxicant; it is the concent rat-ion which is lethal to
fifty percent of the organisms tested under conditions
outlined by the department in a specified time; "LC5Q"
means the same as tolerance limit TLM, or TL^;
(23) "mean" means the average of values obtained over
a specified period of time; for fecal coliform
determination the mean shall be computed as the
logarithmic mean;
(24) "micrograms per liter" (ug/1) means
concentration at which 1 millionth of a gram (10 -g)
is contained in a volume of 1 liter; there are 453.59
grains in a pound;
(25) "milligram per liter" (mg/1^ means the
concentration at which 1 milligram (10~ g is contained
in a volume of 1 liter; it is approximately equivalent
to the unit parts per million (ppm), formerly of
common use;
(26) "mixing zone" means the area contiguous to a
discharge or to an activity in the water, where a
receiving water may not meet all the water quality
standards; wastes and water are given an area to mix
such that the water quality standards are met at the
boundaries of the mixing zone;
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(27) "most probable number' (MPN) means the
statistically determined number which represents the
number of individuals most likely present in a given
sample or aliquot, based on test data.
(28) ."natural condition" means those conditions,
physical, chemical, biological, or radiological which
exist(ed) in a water before any man induced discharge
into the water or any activity of man resulting in
addition of material into the water;
(29) "oil and grease" means oil and grease as defined
by the procedure used; see sec. 20(c) of this chapter
for analytical procedures;
(30) "pH" means the negative logarithm of the
hydrogen-ion activity concentration when expressed as
moles per liter; PH—log.Q (H+);
(31) "pollution' means the contamination or altering
of waters, land or subsurface land of the state in a
manner which creates a nuisance or makes waters, land
or subsurface -land unclean, or noxious, or impure, or
unfit so that they are actually or potentially harmful
or detrimental or injurious, to public'health, safety
or welfare, to domestic, commercial, industrial, or
recreational use, or to livestock, wild animals,
birds, fish or other aquatic life;
(32) "residues" means floating solids, debris, sludge
deposits, foam, scum or any other materials or
substances remaining in a water body as a result of a
direct or proximate activity of man;
(33) "secondary recreation" means recreation
activities in which water use is incidental,
accidental or sensory, and includes fishing, boating,
camping, hunting, hiking and vacationing;
(34) "sediment" means solid material of organic or
mineral origin that is transported by, suspended in,
or deposited from water; it includes chemical and
biochemical precipitates and organic material such as
humus;
(35) "sheen" means an iridescent appearance on the
surface of the water;
(36) "sodium absorption rate" (SAB.) means the estimate
of the degree to which sodium will be absorbed in soil
from a given water as proposed by the U. S. Salinity
Laboratory, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Handbook
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60, expressed as the quotient of the sodium ion
concentration and the square root of one-half the sum
of the calcium and magnesium ion concentrations; -i
(37) "spawning" means the process of producing,
emitting or depositing eggs, sperm, seed, germ, v
larvae, young or juveniles, especially in large
numbers by aquatic life, including fish, shellfish,
amphibians, mollusks and crustaceans;
(38)"thermocline" means the layer of water between a
warmer, surface zone and a colder, deep-water zone in
a thermally stratified body of water, in which the i
water temperature decreases rapidly with depth; J
(39) "total aromatic hydrocarbon" (TAB) means those
water accommodated compounds having at least one
aromatic ring and includes the following functional
groups: oxyaromatics, heterocyclic compounds, benzene
family mononuclear aromatics, and polynuclear aromatic I
hydrocarbons; )
(40) "total hydrocarbons" (TE) means those compounds
measured using Gruenfields IR partition infrared
methods as specified in the 14th Edition of Standards
Methods for Examination of Vastewater (method 502 B);
samples collected in marine waters for TH analysis
shall be taken within one meter of the surface and
below any observable surface slip sheen or fresh water
lens; sample collected in fresh waters shall be taken
immediately below the surface of the water and below
any observable surface slip sheen;
(41) "toxic substances" means those materials, or
combinations of materials, including disease-causing
agents which after discharge and upon exposure,
ingestion, inhalation or assimilation into any
organism, either directly from the environment or
indirectly by ingestion through food chains, will, on
the basis of information available, cause death,
disease, behavioral abnormalities, malignancy, genetic
mutation, physiological abnormalities (including
malfunctions in reproduction) or physical ,
deformations, in affected organisms or their
offspring; the term includes the following substances,
and any other substance , identified as a toxic
pollutant under sec. 307 (a) of the Clean Uater Act of j
1977 (33 U.S.C. sec. 466 et seq.); U
Aldrin/Dieldrin; Arsenic; Benzidine; Carbon j
tetrachloride; Cadmium; Dichlorobenzidine; Chlorinated j
ethanes; Chloroform; Chromium; Demeton;
Dichloroethylenesj Dinitrotoluene; Fluoranthene; ,
Diphenylhydrazine; Endrin; Hexachlorocyclo- J
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pentadiene; Ethylbenzene; Lindane; Mercury, Nickel,
Nitrobenzene; Napthalene, Silver, Vinyl Chloride;
Acenaphthene; Antimony, Chlorinated benzenes;
Chloroalkylethers; DDT; Dichloropropane and
Dichloropropene; Halomethanes; Malathion;
Tetrachloroethylene; Trichoroethylene; Polynuclear
aromatic hydrocarbons, Endosulfan; Mirex,
Pentachlorophenol, Phenol; Acrylonitrile; Asbestos;
Benzene, Beryllium; Chlorinated Naphthalene;
2-Chlorophenol; Chlorophenols; Chlorophenoxy
herbicides; Byanide; 2, 4-Dichloraphenol, Acrolein,
Cloradane,Nitrosamines; Copper; dichlorobenzenes;
Guthion; Haloethers; Heptachlor; Hexachlorobutadiene;
Hexachlorocyclohexane; Isophorone; Lead; Methoxychlor;
nitrophenols; Parathion; Phtalate Esters; PCB's;
Selenium, P-Dioxin;Thallium; Toluene; Toxaphene, Zinc,
2,4-dimethylphenol;
(42) "turbidity" means an expression of the optical
property that causes light to be scattered and
absorbed rather than transmitted in straight lines
through a water sample' turbidity in vater is caused
by the presence of suspended matter such as clay,
silt, finely divided organic and inorganic matter;
plankton, and other microscopic organisms;
(43) "waters" means lakes, bays, sounds, ponds, im-
pounding reservoirs, springs, wells, rivers, streams,
creeks, estuaries, marshes, inlet, straits, passages,
canals, the Pacific Ocean, Gulf of Alaska, Bering Sea
and Arctic Ocean in the territorial limits of the
state, and all other bodies of surface or underground
water, natural or artificial, public or private,
inland or coastal, fresh or salt, which are wholly or
partially in or bordering upon the state or under
jurisdiction of the state; "waters" does not include
ponds, lagoons or parts of wastewater treatment
systems which are lined or constructed in such a
manner that seepage into the ground is not allowed;
r
(44) "water recreation" means contact recreation
and/or secondary recreation as defined in this section;
(45) "water supply" means any of the waters of the
state which are designated to be protected for fresh
water or marine water uses including waters used for
drinking, culinary, food processing, agricultural,
aquacultural, seafood processing, and industrial
purposes;
(46) "wildlife" means all species of mammals, birds,
reptiles and amphibians..
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3
Arizona 1. "Act" means the Clean Water Act as amended, 33 USC
1251 et seq., which is hereby adopted and incorporated
by reference and is on file with the Department of
Environmental Quality and the Office of the Secretary
of State.
2. "Annual Mean" is the arithmetic mean of values for
any consecutive twelve (12) month period, provided
that such values are determined for at least three (3)
months and that each monthly value is the arithmetic
mean when more than two observations are determined in
that month.
3. "Cold water fishery" means waters having an
environment suitable for the propagation and
habitation of salmonids.
4. "Council" means the Arizona Vater Quality Control
Council.
5. - "Department" means the Department of Environmental
Quality.
6. "Director" means the Director of the Department of
Environmental Quality or his designated representative.
7. "Effluent dominated water" means a surface water
segment which consists primarily of discharges of
treated wastewater and which has been classified as
effluent dominated water by the Council, pursuant to
the criteria listed in section R18-11-304.
8. "Mixing zone" associated with a particular
point-source discharge means that volume of a surface
water body contiguous to the point of discharge in
which the Council:
a. has determined that the requirements given in
R18-11-212 have been satisfied; and
b. has specified, in accordance with R18-11-212, that
exceptions to R18-11-204.D, R18-11-206, R18-11-209
shall be allowed.
9. "Nearest downstream listed surface water segment"
means the first surface water listed in Appendix A
that is encountered when proceeding downstream from a
surface water which is not listed in Appendix A.
10. "Ninetieth (90) percentile" is defined as the
value which may not be exceeded by more than ten
percent of the observations in a consecutive twelve
month period, provided that at least ten values are
determined at a frequency of not less than ten
calendar days.
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Arkansas
California"
11. "Nutrient" means any substance found in a water
vhich does, or could under certain circumstances,
promote the grovth of aquatic plant life.
12. "Oil" .means petroleum in any form, including but
not limited to crude oil, gasoline, fuel oil, diesel
oil, lubricating oil, or sludge.
13. "Protected uses" are water-related activities that
are recognized by the Council as reasonable uses of
the State's surface waters. R18-11-207 describes
protected used. Appendix A lists protected uses for
Arizona surface water segments. Appendix B contains
allowable limits for each protected use.
14. "Surface waters" means waters of the State, as
defined in A.R.S. §45-101.
15. "Surface water segment"
segment, lake or impoundment.
means a stream, stream
16. "Surface water standards" means these water
quality standards for surface waters of the state:
Title 18, Chapter 11, Articles 1, 2, and 3.
17. "Unique waters" means those surface water segments
classified by the Council pursuant to R18-11-303 as
being outstanding public resources, or water of
exceptional recreational or ecological significance.
18. "Violation of water quality standards" means any
occurrence in vhich prescribed water quality
attributes or specific allowable limits are not met,
except as expressly provided in these Rules.
19. "Warm water fishery" means waters having an
environment suitable for the propagation and
habitation of fresh water fishes other that salmonids.
20. "Vholly private waters" means those private waters
closed to all public uses and not discharging into or
polluting any other waters of the State.
21. "Zone of passage" means a continuous water route
of the volume, cross-sectional area, and quality
necessary to allow passage of free-swimming and/or
drifting organisms with no significant effect produced
on the aquatic population.
Not specified
See State Standards for specific definitions.
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Colorado
(1) "ACT" means the Colorado Water Quality Control
Act, C.R.S. 1973, 25-8-101 et seq., as amended.
(2) "ANTIDEGRADATION STANDARD" means the standard
established in Section 3.1.8.
(3) "BASIC STANDARDS" means those standards as
established in Section 3.1.11.
(4) "BENEFICIAL USES" means those uses of the waters
of the State to be protected such as those identified
in the classification system.
(5) "BMP" (Best Management Practices) means a practice
or a combination of practices that is determined by a
governmental agency after problem assessment,
examination of alternative practices, and appropriate
public participation, to be the most effective
practicable (including technological, economic, and
institutional considerations) means of preventing or
reducing the amount of pollution generated by nonpoint
sources to a level compatible with quality goals.
(6) "COMMISSION" means the Colorado Water Quality
Control Commission.
(7) "DIVISION" means the Division of Administration of
the Colorado Department of Health of which the Water
Quality Control Division is a part.
(8) "FEDERAL ACT" means the Clean Water Act, U.S.C.
Section 1251 et seq., as amended.
(9) "LC50" means the concentration of a parameter that
is lethal to 502 of the test organisms within a
defined time period.
(10) "MIXING ZONE" means that area of a water body
designated on a case-by-case basis by the Division
which is contiguous to a point source in which
standards may not apply.
(11) "NUMERIC
of a parameter.
VALUE" means the measured concentration
(12) "PARAMETER" means the chemical constituents or
other characteristics of the water such as algae,
fecal coliform, total dissolved solids, dissolved
oxygen, or the magnitude of radioactivity, levels,
temperature, pH, and turbidity, or other relevant
characteristics.
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(13) "PERMIT" means a National Pollutant Discharge
Elimination System (NPDES) permit or other state water
quality permit.
(14) "SALINITY" means total dissolved solids (TDS).
(15) ''STANDARD" means a narrative and/or numeric
restriction established by the Commission applied to
vaters of the State to protect one or more beneficial
uses of such vaters. Whenever only numeric or only
narrative standards are intended, the wording shall
specifically designate which iz intended.
(16) "TABLES" means Tables I, II, III, and IV appended
to the Regulations, which set forth accepted levels
for various parameters which will generally protect
the beneficial uses of the waters of the State. These
Tables are not adopted as regulations.
(17) "USES" - see Beneficial uses.
(18) "VATERS OF TEE STATE" means any and all surface
and subsurface waters which are contained in or flow
in or through this State except waters in sewage
system, waters in treatment works of disposal systems,
waters in potable water distribution systems, and all
water withdrawn for use until use and treatment have
been completed. "Waters of the State," "waters,"
'State waters," and "water bodies" are
used
Connecticut
interchangeably and mean surface and groundwaters of
Colorado coming under the above definition. Whenever
only surface or only groundwater is intended, the
wording shall specifically designate which is intended.
(19) "WATER QUALITY STANDARD" means standard.
Not specified
Delaware
Acute toxicity: Any poisonous effect produced within
a short period of time (sub-life cycle), resulting in
severe biological harm and often death.
Agriculture: The use of land and water
production of food, fiber and timber products.
in the
Antidegradation statement: Any provision or policy
that has as its basis the prevention of deterioration
of water quality or designated uses.
Average: Unless otherwise noted, the arithmetic mean
of a representative group of samples for a specified
parameter. Representativeness shall be determined
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through application of appropriate statistical
techniques to data collected at times of critical
ambient conditions, as determined on a
parameter-by-parameter basis.
Background: The biological, chemical, and/or physical
conditions of a water body measured at a point
upstream of the influence of the discharge or other
pollution source, but downstream from other pollution
sources.
Best management practice: Methods, measures or
practices utilized by an entity to meet its non-point
source control needs. Controls may be structural or
non-structural, and/or involve operation and
maintenance procedures. Controls may be applied
before, during, or after the pollution-producing
activities to reduce or eliminate the introduction of
pollutants into receiving waters.
Chronic toxicity: Any poisonous effect, often
characterized by impaired function and/or
reproduction, that occurs over the life cycle of an
organism.
Cold water fish use: Protection of fish species (such
as from the family Salmonidae) and other flora and
fauna indigenous to a cold water habitat.
Control structure: A dam, weir or other structure
placed by man to regulate stream flow and/or create an
impoundment.
Criterion: A standard of judgment (usually with a
scientific basis) used to test the suitability of a
water body for a particular purpose.
Degradation: Any adverse change in water quality.
Department: Department of Natural Resources and
Environmental Control.
Designated Uses: Categories of surface water
utilization for which the Department herein sets
standards of protection.
Diadromous: Describes fish which migrate to and from
saltwater and freshwater for the purpose of spawning.
Ephemeral: Describes a stream which contains flowing
water only for short periods following precipitation
events.
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Fish, Aquatic Life and Wildlife: All animal and plant
life found in Delaware, either indigenous or
migratory, regardless of life stage or economic
importance.
Foam: Frothy, generally stable, whitish mass of
bubbles formed on or in the water upon agitation of
the water.
Fresh waters: All waters that under natural
conditions have an average chloride ion concentration
less than 250 mg/L.
Industrial water supply: Any water that is protected
for use for industrial purposes, including non-contact
cooling water.
Indigenous: Native, growing, existing, or produced
naturally.
Intermittent: Describes a stream which contains
flowing water for extended periods during a year, but
does not carry flow at all times.
Mixing Zone: The region of the receiving water in the
vicinity of a discharge in which dilution and
dispersion of effluent are to occur. The requirements
of Section 5 of this document shall apply.
Low flow: A statistically determined, freshwater
stream-specific flow, which has a defined duration and
recurrence interval.
Natural conditions: Water quality characteristics
which would exist in the absence of point source
discharges and with all non-point sources employing
reasonable and cost-effective best management
practices.
Nuisance condition: Any condition that, as a
by-product of pollutant addition to a stream, is
unsightly, offensive, troublesome, or inconvenient to
human users of the waters or the adjoining land areas.
Nuisance species: Any species of fish, other animal,
or plant living in or near the water that is generally
regarded as offensive or troublesome.
Nutrient: Any element or compound essential as a raw
material for organism growth and development.
Specific examples include nitrogen and phosphorus.
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Overenrichment: Excessive addition of nutrients to a
water body, resulting in deterioration of designated
uses of the waters. '
Perennial: Describes a freshwater stream which
contains flowing water at all times.
Primary contact recreation: Any water-based form of
recreation, the practice of which has a high
probability for total body immersion and/or ingestion
of water..
Propagation: Reproduction of fish, aquatic life and
wildlife within their natural environment.
Public water supply: Any stream or impoundment which
is approved for use as a source of drinking water for
human consumption.
Scum: A thin layer of impurities which forms on the
surface of streams.
Salt water: All waters which under natural conditions
have an average chloride level of 250 mg/L or greater.
Secondary contract recreation: A water-based form of
recreation, the practice of which has a low
probability for total body immersion and/or ingestion
of water.
Shellfish: Any species of fresh, brackish or salt
water mollusk that is commonly considered to be
edible. Typical edible mollusks include clams,
mussels, oysters, scallops, and whelks.
Standard: A rule or limit for a specific water
quality parameter established by a legal authority.
Stream basin: A specified drainage area from which
(in most cases) all waters exit through a single
outlet.
Tidal: Having water elevation subject to effect from
oceanic tides.
Toxic substance: Any substance or combination of
substances including disease-causing agents, which
after discharge and upon exposure, ingestion,
inhalation, or assimilation into any organism, either
directly from the environment or indirectly by
ingestion through food chains, will cause death,
disease, behavioral abnormalities, cancer, genetic
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mutations, physiological malfunctions (including
malfunctions in reproduction), or physical deformities
in such organisms or their offspring.
Water of exceptional recreational or ecological
significance: Waters which are important, unique, or
sensitive from a recreational and/or ecological
perspective, but which may or may not have excellent
water .quality.
o
Florida (1) "Acute Toxicity" shall mean the presence of one or
more substances or characteristics or components of
substances in amounts which:
(a) are greater than one-third (1/3) of the amount
lethal to 50Z of the test organisms in 96 hours (96
hr. LC50) where the 96 hr LCSO is the lowest value
which has been determined for a species significant to
the indigenous aquatic community; or
(b) may reasonably be expected, based upon evaluation
by generally accepted scientific methods, to produce
effects, equal to those of the concentration of the
substance specified in (a) above.
(2) "Background" shall mean the condition of waters in
the absence of the activity or discharge under
consideration, based on the . best scientific
information available to the. Department.
(3) "Chronic Toxicity" shall mean the presence of one
or more substances or characteristics or components of
substances in amounts which:
(a) are greater than one-twentieth (1/20) of the
amount lethal to 502 of the test organisms in 96 hours
(96 hr. LC50) where the 96 hr. LCSO is the lowest
value which has been determined for a species
significant to the indigenous aquatic community; or
t
(b) may reasonably be expected based upon evaluation
by generally accepted scientific methods to produce
effects equal to those of the concentration of the
substance specified in (a) above.
(4) "Commission" shall mean the Environmental
Regulation Commission.
(5) "Compensation Point for Photosynthetic Activity"
shall mean the depth at which one percent of the light
intensity at the surface remains unabsorbed. The
light intensities at the surface or by irradiance
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meters such as the Kahlsico Underwater Irradiameter,
Model no. 268 VA 310 or other devices having a
comparable spectral response. ">
)
(6) "Department" shall mean the Department of
Environmental Regulation. v
(7) "Designated Use" shall mean the present and future '
most beneficial use of a body of vater as designated
by the Environmental Regulation Commission by means of
the classification system contained in this Chapter.
(8) "Dominance" shall mean the presence of species of \
communities in greater numbers, biomass, or areal J
extent than competing species or communities, or a
scientifically accepted tendency of species or
communities to achieve such a status under existing or
reasonably anticipated conditions. '
(9) "Effluent Limitation" shall mean any restriction I
established by the Department on quantities, rates or f
concentrations of chemical, physical, biological or
other constituents vhich are discharged from sources
into waters of the state.
(10) "Exceptional Ecological Significance" shall mean
that a vater body is part of an ecosystem of unusual
value. The exceptional significance may be in unusual
species, productivity, diversity, ecological
relationships, ambient water quality, scientific or
educational interest, or in other aspects of the
ecosystem's setting or processes.
(11) "Exceptional Recreational Significance" shall
mean unusual value as a resource for outdoor
recreation activities. Outdoor recreation activities,
include, but are not limited to, fishing, boating,
canoeing, water skiing, swimming, scuba diving, and
nature observation. The exceptional significance may
be in the intensity of present recreational usage, an
unusual quality of recreational experience, or in the
potential for unusual future recreational use or
experience. <
(13) "Groundwater" shall mean water beneath the
surface of the ground within a zone of saturation,
whether or not flowing through known and definite
channels. ~J
(14) "Natural Background" shall mean the condition of j
waters in the absence of man-induced alterations based j
on the best scientific information available to the
Department. The establishment of natural background >
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for an altered waterbody may be based upon a similiar
unaltered vaterbody or on historical pre-alteration
data.
(15) "Nuisance Species" shall mean species of flora or
fauna whose noxious characteristics or presence in
sufficient number, biomass, or areas extent may
reasonably be expected to prevent, or unreasonably
interfere vith, a designated use of those waters.
(16) "Nursery Area of Indigenous Aquatic Life" shall
mean any bed of the following aquatic plants, either
in monoculture or mixed: Halodue spp., Halophila
engelmannii, Potamogeton spp., (pondweed), Ruppia
maritima (widgeon-grass), Sagittaria spp. (arrowhead),
Syringodium filiforme, (manatee-grass), Thallasia
testudinum (turtle grass), or Vallisneria spp.
(eel-grass), or any area used by the early-life
stages, larvae and post-larvae, of aquatic life during
the period of rapid growth and development into the
juvenile stages.
(17) "Pollution" shall mean the presence in the
outdoor atmosphere or waters of the state of any
substances, contaminants, noise, or man-made or
man-induced alteration of the chemical, physical,
biological or radiological integrity of air or water
in quantities or levels which are or may be
potentially harmful or injurious • to human health or
welfare, animal or plant life, or property, including
outdoor recreation.
(18) "Predominantly Fresh Waters" shall mean surface
waters in which the chloride concentration at the
surface is less than 1500 mg/L.
(19) "Predominantly Marine Waters" shall mean those
surface waters in which the chloride concentration at
the surface is greater than or equal to 1500 mg/L.
/
(20) "Propagation" shall mean reproduction sufficient
to maintain the species' role in its respective
ecological community.
(22) "Secretary" shall mean the Secretary of the
Department of Environmental regulation.
(23) "Shannon-Weaver Diversity Index" shall mean:
negative summation (i-1 to S) of (ni/N) Iog2 (n.)
where S is the number of species in a sample, n. is
the total number of individuals in species i. x
(24) "Special Waters" shall mean water bodies
designated in accordance with 17-3.041 by the
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Environmental Regulation Commission for inclusion in
the Special Waters Category of Outstanding Florida
Waters, as contained in Section 17-3.041, Florida
Administrative Code. A Special Water may include all
or part of any water body.
(25) "Surface Water" means water upon the surface of
the earth, whether contained in bounds created
naturally or artificially or diffused. Water from
natural springs shall be classified, as surface water
when it exits from the spring onto the earth's surface.
(26) "Waters" shall be defined in Section 403.031 (3),
Florida Statutes.
(27) "Zone of Discharge" shall mean a volume
underlying or surrounding the site and extending to
the base of a specifically disignated aquifer or
aquifers, within which an opportunity for the
treatment, mixture or dispersion of wastes into
receiving groundwaters has been afforded.
(28) "Zone of Mixing" or "Mixing Zone" shall mean a
volume of surface water containing the point or area
of discharge and within which an opportunity for the
mixture of wastes with receiving surface waters has
been afforded.
Georgia10 All terms used in this Paragraph shall be interpreted
in accordance with definitions as set forth in the Act
and as otherwise herein defined:
(a) "reasonable and necessary uses" means drinking
water supplies, conservation of fish, game and other
aquatic life, agricultural, industrial, recreational,
and other legitimate uses.
(b) "Shellfish" refers to clams, oysters, scallops,
mussels, and other mollusks.
(c) "Intake temperature" is the natural or background
temperature of a particular waterbody unaffected by
any man-made discharge or thermal input.
(d) ' "Coastal waters" are those littoral recreational
waters on the ocean side of the Georgia coast.
Hawaii11 "Ambient conditions" means the water quality
conditions that would occur in the receiving waters if
these waters were not influenced by the proposed new
human activity.
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tt
Brackish waters" means vaters vith ' dissolved
inorganic ions (salinity) greater than 0.5 parts per
thousand, but less than 30 parts per thousand.
"Fresh waters" means all waters with dissolved
inorganic ions of less than 0.5 parts per thousand.
"Saline waters" means water with dissolved inorganic
ions greater than 30 parts per thousand.
n
State waters" means all waters, fresh, brackish, or
salt, around and within the State of Hawaii which
includes all the islands of the Hawaiian Archipelago
together with their appurtenant reefs and waters
except the Midway Islands.
"Best degree of treatment or control" means that
treatment or control which is required by applicable
statutes and regulations of the State of Hawaii and
the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended,
or which is otherwise specified by the Director
considering technology or management practices
currently available in relation to the public interest.
"Streams" means seasonal or continuous water flowing
in all or part of natural channels as a result of
either surface water runoff or ground water influx, or
both. Streams may be either "perennial" or
"intermittent".
"Perennial streams" means fresh waters flowing dovn
altitudinal gradients in definite natural channels,
portions of which may be modified. In such streams,
flowing water is present all year though volume may
vary. Such streams may be continuous, with water
flowing to the ocean all year, or interrupted, having
flow and/or ecologically significant bodies of water
only in parts of the channel, with seasonal discharge
to the ocean.
r
"Intermittent streams" means fresh water flowing down
altitudinal gradients in definite natural channels
only during part of the year.
"Spring and seeps" means small, perennial, relatively
constant fresh water flows not in distinct channels,
such as wet films, or trickles over rock surfaces, in
which the water emanates from elevated aquifers.
Springs and seeps may be either stream associated,
occurring in deeply cut valleys and contributing to
stream flow; or coastal, occurring on coastal cliffs
and usually flowing into the ocean.
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I
"Natural lakes" means deep standing water that is
always fresh, in well-defined natural basins. °\
i
"Reservoirs" means deep standing water that is always
fresh, . in well defined artificially created ^
impoundments. /
"Elevated wetlands" means shallow standing water that
is always fresh, in more or less indistinct basins j
such as. natural bogs, ponds, and marshes. Such i
wetlands are found in undisturbed areas, mainly remote
uplands and forest reserves.
"Low wetlands" means shallow standing water that is
always fresh, ponds or marshes. Such wetlands are
found in lowland areas near coasts or in valley
termini modified by man. Their origin may be natural
or man-made.
"Coastal wetlands" means natural or man-made ponds and {
marshes having variable salinity, basin limits, and
permanence. Such wetlands usually adjoin the
coastline but are not surface connected to the ocean
except in rare circumstances. They are usually
without tidal fluctuations. Most are characterized by
introduced biota, especially fishes.
"Anchialine pools" means standing waters that vary in
salinity and basin limits and are not surface
connected to the ocean except in rare circumstances.
Such pools are natural brackish water exposures which
are near coastlines in recent lavas and rarely, in
fossil reefs and which have tidal fluctuations. They
are usually small, shallow pools of low salinity one
to ten parts per thousand with distinctive biota but
usually no fishes. The bottom of deeper pools may
have higher salinities.
"Estuaries" means deep characteristically brackish
coastal waters in well-defined basins with a
continuous or seasonal surface connection to the ocean
that allows entry of marine fauna. Estuaries may be
either natural, occurring mainly at stream or river !
mouths; or developed, artificially or strongly
modified from the natural state, such as dredged and
revetted stream termini.
Idaho12 DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS. For the purpose of the
rules contained in Title 1, Chapter 2, the following /
definitions and abbreviations apply: (1-30-80) J
01. Appropriate Beneficial Use. Any of the various ,
uses which may be made of the water of Idaho, j
including, but not limited to, domestic water
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supplies, industrial water supplies, agricultural
vater supplies, navigation, recreation in and on
the water, wildlife habitat, and aesthetics.
Appropriateness is dependent upon actual use, the
ability of a water to support a non-existing use
either now or in the future, and its likelihood of
being used in a given manner. The use of a water
for . the purpose of wastewater dilution or as a
receiving water for a waste treatment facility
effluent is not an appropriate beneficial use.
(1-30-80)
02. Best Management Practice. A practice or
combination of practices determined by the
Department to be the most effective and
practicable means of preventing or reducing the
amount of pollution generated by nonpoint sources.
(1-1-85)
03. Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD). The measure of
the amount of oxygen necessary to satisfy the
biochemical oxidation requirements of organic
materials at the time the sample is collected;
unless otherwise specified, this term will mean
the five (5) day BOD incubated at 20°C.
(6-28-73)
04. Bio.ta. The plants and animals of a specified
. area. (1-30-80) .
05. Board. The Board of Health and Welfare.
(1-30-80)
06. Daily Average. The average of measurements made
over a twenty-four (24) hour period. (1-30-80)
07. Deleterious Material. Any substance which may
cause the tainting of edible species of fish,
taste and odors in drinking water supplies, or the
reduction of the usability of water without
causing physical injury to water users.
(1-30-80)
08. Department. The Idaho Department of Health and
Welfare. (1-30-80)
09. Desirable Species. Species indigenous to the area
or those introduced by the Department of Fish and
Game. (1-30-80)
10. Director. The Director of the Department of
Health and Welfare or his authorized agent.
(1-30-80)
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11. Discharge.
release of
State.
12. Disinfection.
When used without qualification, the
a pollutant into the vaters of the
(1-30-80)
A method of reducing the pathogenic
or objectionable organisms by means of chemicals
or other acceptable means. (6-28-73)
The measure of the amount
in the water, usually
13. Dissolved Oxygen (DO).
of oxygen dissolved
expressed in mg/1.
14. Effluent. Any vastevater discharged from a
treatment facility. (1-30-80)
15. EPA. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
(6-28-73)
16. Fecal Coliform. The portion of the coliform group
of bacteria present in the gut and feces of
varm-blooded animals, usually expressed as number
of organisms/100 ml of sample. (1-30-80)
17. Full Protection, Full Support, or Full Maintenance
of Protected Beneficial Uses of Water. Compliance
withthose levels of water quality criteria listed
in Idaho Department of Health and Welfare Rules
and Regulations Sections 01.2200 and 01.2250.
(3-3-87)
18. Geometric Mean. The geometric mean of "n"
quantities is the "nth" root of the product of the
quantities. (6-28-73)
19. Groundwater. Subsurface water comprising the zone
of saturation.
20. Hazardous Material. A material or combination of
materials which, when discharged in any quantity
into State waters, presents a substantial present
or potential hazard to human health, the public
health, or the environment. Unless otherwise
specified, published guides such as Quality
Criteria for Water (1976) by E.P.A., Water Quality
Criteria (Second Edition, 1963) by the State of
California Water Quality Control Board, their
subsequent revisions, and more recent research
papers, regulations and guidelines will be used in
identifying individual and specific materials and
in evaluating the tolerances of the identified
materials for the beneficial uses indicated.
(1-30-80)
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2-1. Hypo limn ion. The deepest zone in a thermally-
stratified body of water. It is fairly uniform in
temperature and lies beneath a zone of vater vhich
exhibits a rapid temperature drop with depth of at
least 1°C per meter. (1-30-80)
22. Inter-Departmental Coordination. Consultation
vith -those agencies responsible for enforcing or
administering the practices listed as approved
best management practices in Idaho Department of
Health and Welfare Rules and Regulations Section
01.2300,05. (3-3-87)
23. Land Application. A process of activity involving
application of vastevater, surface vater, or
semi-liquid material to the land surface for the
purpose of disposal, pollutant removal, or
groundwater recharge. (1-1-85)
24. Man-made Vatervays. Canals, flumes, ditches, and
similar features, constructed for the purpose of
water conveyance. (1-30-80)
25. Milligrams Per Liter (mg/1). Milligrams of solute
per liter of solution, equivalent to parts per
million, assuming unit density.
26. Mixing Zone. A defined area or volume of the
receiving water surrounding or adjacent to a
wastevater discharge vhere the receiving water, as
a result of the discharge, may not meet all
applicable water quality criteria or standards.
It is considered a place where wastewater mixes
with receiving water and not as a place where
effluents are treated. (1-30-80)
27. Nonpoint Source. A geographical area on which
pollutants are deposited or dissolved or suspended
in water applied to or incident on that area, the
resultant mixture being discharged into the waters
of the State. Nonpoint sources include but are not
limited to: (1-30-80)
a. Irrigated and nonirrigated lands used for:
(1-30-80)
i. Grazing; and (1-30-80)
ii. Crop production; and (1-30-80)
iii. Silviculture; and (1-30-80)
b. Log storage or rafting; and (1-30-80)
-27-
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c. Construction sites; and (1-30-80)
d. Recreation sites; (1-30-80)
e. Septic tank disposal fields; and (1-30-80)
f. Other sources and activities not subject to
regulation under Federal National Pollutant
Discharge Elimination System. (1-30-80)
28. Nuisance. Anything which is injurious to the
public health or an obstruction to the free use,
in the customary manner, of any waters of the
State. (1-1-85)
29. Nutrients. The major substances necessary for the
growth and reproduction of aquatic plant life,
consisting of nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon
compounds. (1-30-80)
30. Person. An individual, corporation, partnership,
association, state, municipality, commission,
political subdivision of the state, state agency,
federal agency, special district or interstate
body. (1-30-80)
31. Petroleum Products.
Products derived from
petroleum through various refining processes.
(1-30-80)
32. Point Source. Any discernible, confined, and
discrete conveyance, including but not limited to
any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit, well,
discrete fissure, container, rolling stock,
concentrated animal feeding operation, or vessel
or other floating craft, from which pollutants
are, or may be, discharged. This terms does not
include return flows from irrigated agriculture,
discharges from dams and hydroelectric generating
facilities- or any source or activity considered a
nonpoint source by definition. (1-10-86)
33. Pollutant. Dredged spoil, solid waste,
incinerator residue, sewage, garbage, sewage
sludge, munitions, chemical waste, biological
mater als, radioactive materials, heat, wrecked or
diseased equipment, rock, sand, silt, cellar
dirt; and industrial, municipal and agricultural
waste, gases entrained in water; or other
materials which, when discharged to water in
excessive quantities, cause or contribute to water
pollution. . (1-30-80)
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34. Potable Water. A water which is free from
impurities in such amounts that it is safe for
human consumption without treatment. (1-1-85)
35. Primary Treatment. Processes or methods that
serve as the first stage treatment of wastewater,
intended for removal of suspended and settleable
solids by gravity sedimentation; provides no
changes in dissolved and colloidal matter in the
sewage or wastes flow. (1-30-80)
36. Project Plans. Documents which describe actions
to be taken under a proposed activity. These
documents include environmental impact statements,
environmental assessments, and other land use or
resource management plans. (2-2-83)
37. Receiving Waters. Those waterways which receive
pollutants from point or nonpoint sources.
(1-30-80)
38. Recharge. The process of adding water to the zone
of saturation. (1-1-85)
39. Recharge Water. Water that is specifically
utilized for the purpose of adding water to the
zone of saturation. (1-1-85)
40. Saturated Zone. Zone or layer beneath the earth's
surface in which all of the pore spaces of rock or
soil are filled with water. (1-1-85)
41. Schedule of Compliance. A schedule of remedial
measures which may include an enforceable sequence
of actions or operations leading to compliance
with an effluent limitation, other limitation,
prohibition, or standard. (6-28-73)
42. Secondary Treatment. Processes or methods for the
supplemental . treatment of wastewater, usually
following primary treatment, to affect additional
improvement to the quality of the treated wastes
by biological means of various types which are
designed to remove or modify organic matter.
(1-30-80)
43. Sewage. The water-carried human or animal waste
from residences, buildings, industrial
establishments or other places, together with such
groundwater infiltration and surface water as may
be present. (1-30-80)
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44. Sludge. The semi-liquid mass produced by partial
devatering of potable or spent process vaters or
wastewater. (1-30-80)
45. Special Resource Water. Those specific segments
or bodies of water which are recognized as needing
intensive protection: (1-30-80)
a- To preserve outstanding or unique
characteristics; or (1-30-80)
b. To maintain current beneficial use.
(1-30-80)
46. Specialized Best Management Practices. Those
practices designed with consideration of geology,
land type, soil type, erosion hazard, climate and
cumulative effects in order to fully protect the
beneficial uses of water, and to prevent or reduce
the pollution generated by nonpoint sources.
(3-3-87)
47. State. The State of Idaho. (6-28-73)
48. Subsurface Disposal. Disposal of effluent below
ground surface, including, but not limited to,
drainfields or sewage beds. (1-30-80)
49. Suspended Sediment. Organic and inorganic
particulate matter which has been removed from its
site of origin and measured while suspended in
surface water. (1-1-85)
50. Treatment. A process of activity conducted for
the purpose of removing pollutants from wastewater.
(1-30-80)
51. Treatment System. Any physical facility or land
area for the purpose of collecting, treating,
neutralizing or stabilizing pollutants including
treatment by disposal plants, the necessary
intercepting, outfall and outlet sewers, pumping
stations integral to such plants or sewers,
equipment and furnishing thereof and their
appurtenances.
(1-1-85)
52. Trihalomethan (THM). THM means one of the family
of organic compounds named as derivatibles of
methane, wherein three (3) of the four (4)
hydrogen atoms in the molecular structure of
methane are substituted by one (1) of the chemical
elements chlorine, bromine or iodine. (1-1-85)
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53. Unique Ecological Significance. The attribute of
any stream of water body which is inhabited or
supports an endangered species of plant or animal
or a species of special concern identified by the
Department of Fish and Game, which provides
anadromous fish passage, or which provides
spawning of rearing habitat for anadromous or
desirable species of lake dwelling fishes.
(1-30-80)
54. Vastewater. Unless otherwise specified, sewage,
industrial waste, agricultural waste, and
associated solids or combinations of these,
whether treated or untreated, together with such
water as is present. (1-30-80)
55. Water Pollution. Any alteration of the physical,
thermal, chemical biological, or radioactive
properties of any waters of the State, or the
discharge of any pollutant into the waters of the
State, which will or is likely to create a
nuisance or to render such waters harmful,
detrimental or injurious to public health, safety
or welfare, or to domestic, commercial,
industrial, recreational, aesthetic, or other
* beneficial uses. (1-30-80)
56. Waters and Waters- of the State. All the
accumulations of water, surface and underground,
natural and artificial, public and private, or
parts thereof which are wholly or partially
within, which flow through or border upon the
State. (1-30-80)
13
Illinois Act: means the Illinois Environmental Protection Act.
Administrator: means the Administrator of the United
States Environmental Protection Agency or his designee.
Agency: means the Illinois Environmental Protection
Agency.
Aquatic Life: means native populations of fish and
other aquatic life.
Artificial Cooling Lake; means any manmade lake,
reservoir or other impoundment, constructed by damming
the flow of a stream, which is used to cool the waters
discharged from the condensers of a steam-electric
generating plant for recirculation in substantial part
to the condensers.
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Basin: means the area tributary to the designated
body of water.
Board: means the Illinois Pollution Control Board
Calumet- River System: means the Calumet Riverr the
Grand Calumet River, the Little Calumet River
downstream from its confluence with the Grand Calumet,
the Calumet-Sag Channel, and the Calumet Harbor Basin.
Chicago River System: means the Chicago River and its
Branches, the North Shore Channel, and the Chicago
Sanitary and Ship Canal.
Combined Sewer: means a sewer designed and
constructed to receive both wastewater and land runoff.
Combined Sewer Service Area: means a specified
geographical drainage area served by a combined sewer
system. Areas served by separate sewer systems which
enter the combined system are not included.
Undeveloped areas within a combined sewer service area
may be included in that area if deemed appropriate by
the Agency pursuant to the guidelines in Rule 602(a).
Construction: means commencement of on-site
fabrication, erection, or installation of a treatment
works, sewer, or wastewater source; or the
reinstallation at a new site of any existing treatment
works, sewer or wastewater source.
Dilution Ration: means the ratio of the seven-day
once in ten year low flow of the receiving stream or
the lowest flow of the receiving stream when effluent
discharge is expected to occur, whichever is greater,
to the average flow of the treatment works for the
design year.
Effluent: means any wastewater discharged, directly
or indirectly, to the waters of the State or to any
storm sewer, and the runoff from land used for the
disposition of wastewater or sludges, but does not
otherwise include nonpoint source discharges such as
runoff from land or any livestock management facility
or livestock waste handling facility subject to
regulation under Chapter 5 of the regulations of the
Pollution Control Board.
"FWPCA" means the Federal Water Pollution Control Act,
as amended, 33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq. Public Law 92-500,
enacted by the Congress October 18, 1972, as amended.
Bearing Board: , shall mean an Agency hearing board of
one or more employees appointed by the Director in
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accordance vith the requirements of Rule 909(b)
hereof, which shall conduct public hearings and make
recommendations to the Agency vith respect to the
issuance or denial of NFDES permits.
Industrial Wastes: means any solid, liquid, or
gaseous vastes resulting from any process or excess
energy resulting from any progress of industry,
manufacturing, trade, or business or from the
development processing or recovery, except for
agricultural crop raising, of any natural resource.
Institute: means the Illinois Institute of Natural
Resources.
Interstate Waters: are all waters which cross or form
part of the border between Illinois and other states.
Intrastate Waters: are all the waters of Illinois
which are not interstate waters.
Land Runoff: means water reaching the waters of the
State as runoff resulting from precipitation.
Marine Toilet: means any toilet on or within any
watercraft.
»
Modification, means:
(1) Any physical change in a treatment works which
involves different or additional processes or
equipment or which increases or decreases the capacity
or efficiency of the treatment works; or
(2) Any change in the number of location of points
where effluent is discharged, directly or indirectly
to the waters; or
(3) Any change in any components of a sewer system
which alters the quantity of wastewater capable of
being conveyed, or which increases or decreases the
quantity of wastewater capable of being discharged 'at
overflow or bypass structures; or
(4) Any increase in quantity or strength of a
discharge from any wastewater source, unless such
increase does not exceed an upper limit specifically
allowed by an existing Permit granted by the Agency
and does not involve any additional contaminants
contained in standards set by this Chapter that are
not itemized and approved in an existing Agency permit.
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Nev Source: means any vastevater source, the
construction of vhich is commenced on or after the
effective date of the applicable provisions of this
Chapter.
NPDES: means the National Pollutant Discharge
Elimination system for issuing, establishing
conditions for, and denying permits under Section 402
of the FVPCA. All terms used in connection vith NPDES
vhich have been defined in the FVPCA or regulations
adopted thereunder shall have the meanings specified
therein, unless specifically noted otherwise.
Other Wastes: means garbage, refuse, vood residues,
sand, lime, cinders, ashes, offal, night soil, silt,
oil, tar, dye stuffs, acids, chemicals and all other
substances not sewage or industrial waste whose
discharge would cause water pollution or a violation
of the effluent or water quality standards.
Person: means any individual, partnership,
copartnership, firm, company, corporation,
association, joint stock company, trust, estate,
political subdivision, state agency, or any other
legal entity, or their legal representative, agent or
assigns.
Pollutant: means dredged spoil, solid waste,
incinerator residue, sewage, garbage, sewage sludge,
munitions, chemical wastes, biological materials,
radioactive materials, heat, wrecked or discarded
equipment, rock, sand, cellar dirt and industrial,
municipal and agricultural waste discharged into
water. This term does not mean (A) 'sewage from
vessels' within the meaning of the FVPCA; or (B)
water, gas, or other material which is injected into a
well to facilitate production and disposed of in a
well, if the well used either to facilitate production
or for disposal purposes is approved by the Department
of Mines and Minerals, and if the Department of Mines
and Minerals determines that such injection or
disposal will not result in the degradation of ground
or surface water resources.
Population Equivalent: is a term used to evaluate the
impact of industrial or other waste on a treatment
works or stream. One populatici equivalent is 100
gallons of sewage per day, containing 0.17 pounds of
BODS and 0.20 pounds of suspended solids. The impact
on a treatment works is evaluated as the equivalent of
the highest of the three parameters. Impact on a
stream is the higher of the BODS and suspended solids
parameters.
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Pretreatment Works: means a treatment works designed
and intended for the treatment of vastevater from a
major contributing industry, as defined in 40 CFR 128,
before introduction into a sever system tributary to a
public owned or public regulated treatment works.
(Editor's note: The federal Environmental Protection
Agency June 26, 1978 (43 FR 27736) replaced 40 CFR 128
- Pretreatment Standards - with 40 CFR 403-General
Pretreatment Regulations for Existing and New Sources
of Pollution, effective August 25, 978)
Primary contact: means any recreational or other
water use in which there is prolonged and intimate
contact with the water involving considerable risk of
ingesting water in quantities sufficient to pose a
significant health hazard, such as swimming and water
skiing.
Public and Food Processing Water Supply: means any
water use in which water is withdrawn from surface
wate'rs of the State for human consumption or for
processing of food products intended for human
consumption.
Publicly Owned Treatment Works: means a treatment
works owned by a municipality, sanitary district,
county, or state or federal agency, and which treats
domestic and industrial wastes collected by a publicly
owned or regulated sewer system. Industrial treatment
works which are publicly owned and financed by bond
issues of public agencies are not included in this
definition.
Publicly Regulated Treatment Works: means those
otherwise private companies which are regulated as
public utilities engaged in the disposal of domestic
and industrial wastes and regulated as such by the
Illinois Commerce Commission, pursuant to an Act
concerning Public Utilities, Illinois Revised Statutes
1977, CH.lll 2/3; par.l et seq.
Sanitary Sewer: means a sewer that carries wastewater
together with incidental land runoff.
Secondary Contact: means any recreational or other
water use in which contact with the water is either
incidental or accidental and in which the probability
of ingesting appreciable . quantities of water is
minimal, such as fishing, commercial and recreational
boating and any limited contact incident to shoreline
activity.
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Sevage: means water carried human and related wastes
from any source.
Sewer: means & stationary means of transport or
stationary system of transport, excluding natural
waterways, constructed and operated for the purpose of
collecting and transporting wastewater or land runoff,
or both.
Standard of Performance: means a standard for the
control of the discharge of pollutants, promulgated by
the Administrator pursuant to Section 306 of the
FVPCA, for the control of the discharge of pollutants
which reflects the greatest degree of effluent
reduction which the Administrator determines to be
achievable through application of the best available
demonstrated control technology, processes, operating
methods, or other alternatives, including, where
practicable, a standard permitting no discharge of
pollutants.
STORET: means the national water quality data system
of the Federal Environmental Protection Agency.
Storm Sewer: means a sewer intended to receive only
land runoff.
Treatment Works: means individually or collectively
those constructions or devices, (except sewers, and
except constructions or devices used for the
pretreatment of wastewater prior to its introduction
into publicly owned or regulated treatment works) used
for collecting, pumping, treating, or disposing of
wastewaters or for the recovery of by-products from
such wastewater.
Underground Waters: means any waters of the state
located beneath the surface of the earth.
Wastewater: means sewage, industrial waste, or other
waste, or any combination of these, whether treated or
untreated, plus any admixed land runoff.
Wastewater Source: means any equipment, facility, or
other point source of any type whatsoever which
discharges wastewater, directly or indirectly (except
through a sewer tributary to a treatme it works), to
the waters of the State.
Watercraft: means every type of boat, ship or barge
used or capable of being used as a means of
transportation on water.
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Waters: means all accumulations of vater, surface and
underground, natural and artificial, public and
private, or parts thereof, which are wholly or
partially within, flow through, or border upon the
State of Illinois, except that sewers and treatment
works are not included except as specifically
mentioned; provided, that nothing therein contained
shall authorize the use of natural or otherwise
protected waters as sewers or treatment works except
that in-stream aeration under Agency permit is
allowable.
14
Indiana Advanced Treatment - Treatment in excess of that which
can be provided by secondary treatment.
Application Factor - A numerical factor applied to the
median lethal concentration to provide the
concentration of a toxic substance that is considered
to be safe for organisms in the waters of the State.
Average - Unless otherwise specified, the arithmetical
average of a set of numbers.
Board - The Vater Pollution Control Board.
Coliform Bacteria - All the aerobic and facultatively
anaerobic,gram-negative, nonsporeforming bacilli that
produce acid and gas from the 'fermentation of lactose.
Community - A general collective term to describe the
varieties of aquatic species and associated organisms
living together in a water body.
Effluent - A wastewater discharge from a point source
to the waters of the State.
Fecal Coliforms - Coliform bacteria that produce gas
from lactose in a special, buffered broth incubated at
45.5°C.
t
Indigenous - An organism growing and reproducing in a
particular region.
Mixing zone - An area contiguous to a discharge where,
as a result of said discharge, receiving water quality
may .not meet all water quality standards. Any time an
effluent is added to a receiving waterway where the
effluent is poorer in quality, there will be a zone of
mixing. The mixing zone should be considered a place
where wastes and receiving waters mix and not as a
place where effluents are treated.
Partial Body Contact - Any contact with water up to,
but not including, complete submergence.
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Point Source - A discernible, confined and discrete
conveyance, from which vastevater is or may be
discharged to the waters of the State.
Policy * - As employed herein, a statement of
administrative practice of decision-making guidelines
to be followed or implemented to the maximum extent
feasible with respect to an identified problematic
situation but to be less than strictly enforceable in
contrast to a standard or rule of law.
Potable Water Supply - Vater considered satisfactory
for domestic consumption which has physical, chemical,
and bacteriological qualities that meet the
requirements adopted by the Board.
Public Water Supply - Any wells, reservoirs, lakes,
rivers, sources of supply, pumps, mains, pipes,
facilities, and structures through which water is
obtained, treated as may be required, and supplied
through a water distribution system for sale to or
consumption by the public for drinking, domestic, or
other purposes, including State-owned facilities even
though the water may not be sold to the public.
Secondary Treatment - Municipal waste water treatment
facilities shall be defined as those necessary.to meet
40 CFR, Part 133. Secondary treatment for combined
sewer overflows shall be determined by the Board.
Semi-Public Wastewaters - Domestic wastewaters which
are public in character although collected and treated
by an entity other than a Federal, State, or Municipal
governmental entity (with the exception of rural
school corporation). An example would be wastewaters
from a mobile home park or residential subdivision
located outside municipal corporation boundaries which
are collected and treated by a privately-owned sewage
treatment facility.
Standard - A definite numerical value or narrative
statement promulgated by the Board to maintain or
enhance water quality to provide for and fully protect
a designated use of the waters of the State.
Toxic Substances - Materials which are or may b jcome
harmful to plant or animal life, or to food c lains
when present in sufficient concentrations or
combinations.
Waters of the State - Such accumulations of water,
surface and underground, natural and artificial,
public and private, or parts thereof, which are wholly
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or partially within, flow through, or border upon,
this State, but the term does not include any private
pond, or any pond, reservoir or facility built for
reduction or control of pollution or cooling of water
prior to discharge * unless the discharge therefrom
causes or threatens to cause water pollution.
Water Use Designations - A use of the waters of the
State as established by this regulation, including but
not limited to industrial water supply, agricultural
use, public water supply, total body contact, partial
body contact, fish and other aquatic life.
Weil-Balanced Fish Community - A fish community which
is as diverse in species composition and as abundant
in numbers or biomass at all levels as a particular
aquatic habitat is capable of supporting.
Whole Body Contact - Direct contact with water to the
point of complete submergence.
Iowa "Act" means the Federal Water Pollution Control Act as
amended by the Federal Water Pollution Control Act
Amendments of 1972 (pub.L 92-500, 86 Stat. 816 U.S.C.
ss!251 et seq.
*
"Administrator" means the administrator of the United
States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 401 "m"
Street, S.W., Washington, O.C. 20460.
"ASTM" means "Annual Book of Standards, Part 31,
Water, 1975". The publication is available from The
American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race
St., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103
"Best management practice" (BMP) means a practice or
combination of practices that is determined, after
problem assessment, examination of alternative
practices, and appropriate public participation, to be
the most effective, practicable (including
technological, economic and institutional
considerations) means of preventing or reducing the
amount of pollution generated by nonpoint sources to a
level compatible with water quality goals.
"Biochemical oxygen demand (five-day)" means the
amount of oxygen consumed in the biological processes
that break down organic matter in water by aerobic
biochemical action in five days at 20°C.
"Continuing planning process" (CPP) means the
continuing planning process, including any revision
thereto, required by sections 208 and 303(e) of the
Federal Water Pollution Control Act as amended (33
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U.S.C.ss 1288 and 1313(e) for state vater pollution
control agencies.
The continuing planning process is a time phased
process by which the department, working
co-operatively with designated areawide planning
agencies:
a. . Develops a water quality management
decision-making process involving elected officials of
state and local units of government and
representatives of state and local executive
departments that conduct activities related to water
quality management.
b. Establishes an intergovernmental process (such as
co-ordinated and co-operative programs with the state
conservation commission in aquatic life and recreation
matters, department of soil conservation in nonpoint
source pollution control matters, and the natural
resources council in water resources matters) which
provides for water quality management decisions to be
made on an areawide or local basis and for the
incorporation of such decisions into a comprehensive
and cohesive statewide program. Through this process,
state regulatory programs and activities will be
incorporated into the areawide water quality
management decision process.
c. Develops a broad based public participation (such
as utilization of such mechanisms as basin advisory
committees composed of local elected officials,
representatives of areawide planning agencies, the
public at large,, and conservancy district advisory
committees) aimed at both informing and involving the
public in the water quality management program.
d. Prepares and implements water quality management
plans, which identify water quality goals and
established state water quality standards, define
specific programs, priorities and targets for
preventing and controlling water pollution in
individual approved planning areas and establish
policies which guide decision-making over at least a
twenty-year span of time (in increments of five years).
'e. Based on the results of the statewide (state and
areawide) planning process, develops the state
strategy to be updated annually, which sets the
state's major objectives, approach, and priorities for
preventing and controlling pollution over a five-year
period.
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f. Translates the state strategy into the annual
state program plan (required under section 106 of the
Federal Act), vhich establishes the program
objectives, identifies the resources committed for the
state program each year, and provides a mechanism for
reporting progress toward achievement of program
objectives.
g. Periodically reviews and revises water quality
standards as required under Section 303(c) of the
Federal Act.
"
CFR" means the Code of Federal Regulations as
published by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S.
Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. 20402.
"Deep well" means a well located and constructed in
such a manner that there is a continuous layer of low
permeability soil or rock at least five feet thick
located at least 25 feet below the normal ground
surface and above the aquifer from which water is to
be drawn.
"Department" means the department of environmental
quality.
"EPA Methods" means "Methods for Chemical* Analysis of
Water and Wastes," 1974, Methods Development and
Quality Assurance Research Laboratory, National
Environmental Research Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Technology Transfer. Industrial Environmental
Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268. This
publication is available from the Office of Technology
Transfer.
"Fecal coliform" means the portion of the coliforra
group which is present in the gut or the feces of
warm-blooded animals, it includes organisms which are
capable of producing gas from lactose broth in ,a
suitable culture medium within 24 hours at 44.5 plus
or minus 0.2 C.
"FR" means the Federal Register, published, daily, by
the Office of the Federal Register, National Archives
and Record Service, General Services Administration,
Washington, D.C. 20408 and distributed by the
Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing
Office, Washington, D.C. 20402.
"Industrial wastes" means any solid, liquid, or
gaseous wastes or excess energy in the form of heat
resulting from any process of industry, manufacturing,
trade, or business, or from the development,
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processing or recovery, except for agricultural crop
raising, of any natural resources.
"Local public works department" means a city or county
public works department, a board of trustees of a city
utility organized pursuant to Chapter 388, Code of
Iowa, or a sanitary sewer district organized pursuant
to Chapter 358, Code of Iowa.
"Low permeability" means a soil layer of well sorted,
fine grain-sized sediments or of rock that under
normal hydrostatic pressures would not be
significantly permeable. Low permeability soils may
include homogeneous clays below the zone of weathering
mudstone, claystone, shale, and some glacial till.
"Major contributing industry" means an industrial user
of a treatment works that:
a. Has a flow of 50,000 gallons or more per average
work day;
b. Has a flow greater than five percent of the flow
carried by the treatment works receiving the waste;
c. Has in its waste a toxic pollutant in toxic amount
as defined in standards issued under section 307(a) of
the Act and adopted by reference in 17.5(4558); or
d. Is found by the department in connection with the
issuance of an NPDES permit to have a significant
impact, either singly or in combination with other
contributing industries, on that treatment works or
upon the quality of effluent from that treatment works.
"Milligrams per liter (mg/1)" means milligrams of
solute per liter of solution (equivalent to parts per
million - assuming unit density). A microgram (ug) is
1/1000 of a milligram.
i
"Navigable water" means a water of the United States.
"Nephelometric" means the nephelometric method of
determining turbidity as stated in Standard Methods,
pp. 132-134.
"Nonpoint source" means a source of pollutants that is
not a point source.
"NPDES permit" means an operation permit, issued after
the department has obtained approval of its NPDES
program from the administrator, that authorizes the
discharge of any pollutant into a navigable water.
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"Pathogen" means any micro-organism or virus that can
cause disease.
"pH" means the hydrogen ion activity of a solution
expressed as the logarithm of the reciprocal of the
hydrogen ion activity in moles per liter at 25°C. pH
is a measure of the relative acidity or alkalinity of
the solution. The range extends from 0 to 14; 7 being
neutral, 0 to 7 being acidic, and 7 to 14 being
alkaline.
"Point source" means any discernible, confined, and
discrete conveyance, including, but not limited to,
any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit, well,
discrete fissure, container, rolling stock,
concentrated animal feeding operation, or vessel or
other floating craft, from which pollutants are or may
be discharged.
"Primary contact" means any recreational or other
water use in which there is prolonged and intimate
contact with the water involving considerable risk of
ingesting water in quantities sufficient to pose
significant health hazard, such as swimming and
waterskiing.
"Records of operation" means department * of
environmental quality report forms or such other
report forms, letter or documents which may be
acceptable to the department that are designed to
indicate specific physical, chemical or biological
values for waste water during a stated period of time.
"Regional administrator" means the regional
administrator of the United States Environmental
Protection Agency, Region VII, 1735 Baltimore, Kansas
City, Missouri 64108.
"Secondary contact" means any recreational or other
water use in which contact with the water is either
incidental or accidental and in which the probability
of ingesting appreciable quantities of water is
minimal, such as fishing, commercial and recreational
boating and any limited contact incidental to
shoreline activity.
"Shallow well" means a well located and constructed in
such a manner that there is not a continuous five foot
layer of low permeability soil or rock between the
aquifer from which the water supply is drawn and a
point 25 feet below the normal ground surface.
"Standard methods" means "Standard Methods for the
Examination of Vater and Vaste Water", 14th Edition,
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1975. This publication is available from the American
Public Health Association, 1015 18th Street, N.W.,
Washington, D.C. 20036.
"Temperature" means a measure of the heat content of
water. -
"Turbidity" is a measure of the optical property of
the particles of mud, clay, silt, finely divided
organic matter, or microscopic organisms suspended in
water that interfere with light transmission, causing
the light to be scattered and absorbed rather than
transmitted through the water in straight lines.
Kansas16 (b) Definitions. For use in these regulations, the
following definitions shall be applicable, unless the
context obviously dictates otherwise:
(1) "Acute toxicity level" means 0.3 times the
concentration of a substance that kills 50 percent of
a test species in a short-term aquatic toxicity test
(less than or equal to 96 hours).
(2) "Alluvial aquifer" means the sediment that is
associated with and deposited by a stream, and that
contains water capable of being produced from a well.
(3) •"Artificial sources" means sources of pollution
that result from human activities which can be abated
by construction of control structures, modification of
operating practices, complete restraint of activities,
or some combination of these methods.
(4) "Base flow" means that portion, of the stream flow
that is not contributed to the stream by surface
runoff.
(5) "Bioaccumulation" means the accumulation of toxic
substances in plant or animal tissue through either
bioconcentration or biomagnification.
(6) "Bioassessment methods and procedures" means the
use of biological including, but not limited to, field
methods of assessing water quality investigations of
aquatic organisms and laboratory or field aquatic
toxicity tests.
(7) "Bioconcentration" means the concentration and
incorporation of toxic chemicals or materials into
body tissues from ambient sources.
(8) "Biomagnification" means the concentration of
toxic materials through the food chain through
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successive cycles of eating and being eaten and
subsequent accumulation of such materials in high
order consumers and predators.
(9) "Biota" means indigenous species of aquatic or
semi-aquatic life or wildlife.
(10) "Carcinogenic" means having the property of
inducing the production of cancerous cells in
organisms.
(11) "Clean Water Act" means the federal water
pollution control act, P.L. 95-217, 33 USC section
1251 (1977), as amended.
(12) "Department" means the Kansas department of
health and environment.
(13) "Detection limits" means the lowest concentration
of a substance that can be determined by a given
analytical methodology.
(14) "Discharge" means the release of effluent, either
directly or 'indirectly, into surface waters.
(15) "Dissolved oxygen" (DO) means the oxygen
dissolved in water.
(16) "Ecological integrity" means the normal or
expected structure and function of the interacting
system of a biological community and its physical-
chemical environment.
(17) "Effluent" means the sewage or wastewater
discharged from an artificial source.
(18) "Epilimnion" means that region of a body of water
that extends from the surface to the thermocline and
that does not have a permanent temperature
stratification. The thermocline is the layer in a
body of water where the temperature difference is the
greatest per unit of depth. It is the layer inQwhich
the drop in temperature equals or exceeds 1 C per
meter.
(19) "FDA action levels" means federal food and drug
administration (FDA) limits for poisonous or
deleterious substances in human food and animal feed
which are the maximum allowable concentrations in
edible portions of fish or other aquatic life as cited
in "Action Levels for Poisonous or deleterious
Substances in Human Food and Animal Feed" (1982)
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(20) "Fecal coliform bacteria" means facultative
anaerobic, gram negative, non-spore forming,
rod-shaped bacteria which, when contained in specific
media designated for the purpose, vill ferment
lactose, thereby producing acid, gas, or both. This
fermentation of lactose occurs vithin a 24-hour
incubation period, plus or minus 2-hours, at 44.5°C
plus or minus 0.2 C.
(21) "Flow" means the volume of water moving past a
given point per unit of time.
(22) "Groundvater" means water located under the
surface of the land that is or can be the source of
supply for wellsr springs, or seeps, or that is held
in aquifers or the soil profile.
(23) "Interstate waters" means all waters of the state
which cross or form a part of the border between
Kansas and one of the adjoining states.
(24) "Intrastate waters" means all waters of the state
that do not flow or extend across a state line or form
a boundary between Kansas and an adjacent state.
(25) "Mixing Zone" means that designated portion of a
stream where an effluent is incompletely mixed with
the receiving surface water.
(26) "Mg/1" means the abbreviation for milligrams per
liter which is equivalent to "parts per million (ppm)."
(27) "Mutagenic" means the property of directly or
indirectly causing a mutation.
(28) "Nonpoint source" means a diffuse source of water
pollution including, but not limited to, runoff from
agriculture, mining, construction activity, saltwater
intrusion, deposition of residual waste and disposal of
pollutants on land or in subsurface excavations.
(29) "pH" means the logarithm of the reciprocal of the
hydrogen ion concentration. pH is measured on a scale
between 0 and 14 with values less than 7 being more
acidic and values greater than 7 being more alkaline.
"(30) "Point source" means any discernible, confined,
and discrete conveyance which is a source of
pollution, including any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel,
conduit, well, discrete fissure, container, rolling
stock, concentrated animal feeding operation, vessel,
or other floating craft from which pollutants are or
may be discharged. This term does not include return
flows from irrigated agriculture.
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(31) "Pollution" means:
(A) contamination or other alteration of the physical,
chemical, or biological properties of surface vaters
that vill or is likely to create a nuisance or render
such vaters harmful, detrimental, or injurious to
public health, safety, or welfare, to plant, animal,
or aquatic life or to other designated uses; or
(B) any discharge that vill or is likely to exceed
state effluent standards predicated upon
technologically-based effluent limitations.
(32) "Potable vater" means vater that is suitable for
drinking and cooking purposes in terms of both health
and aesthetic considerations.
(33) "Surface runoff" means the vater vhich flovs over
land into surface vaters.
(34) . "Surface vater segment" means a delineated
portion of a stream, river, riparian vetland, lake, or
vetland
(35) "Surface vaters" means all streams and rivers,
including springs, vater in alluvial aquifers
available for flov to streams,'and riparian wetlands,
and all lakes and wetlands. When a fresh vater
reservoir, farm pond, or vetland is privately owned
and vhen the land bordering this vater .is completely
under private ownership, the fresh vater reservoir,
farm pond, or vetland shall be exempt from water
quality standards except those relating to water
discharge or seepage from this water to waters of the
state, either surface or groundvater, or to the public
health of persons using all reservoirs, ponds, or
wetlands, or vaters therefrom.
(36) "Teratogenic" means having the property of
causing abnormalities that originate from impairment
of an event that is typical in embryonic or fetal
development.
(37) "Toxic substance" means a substance that produces
deleterious effects in humans, animals, or plants.
(38) "Turbidity" is a measure of the cloudiness of
vater and is expressed in standard units of turbidity
based on the nephelometric method (MTU).
(39) "Un-ionized ammonia" means the dissolved,
un-ionized, toxic portion of total ammonia.
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(40) "Water quality limited water" means any surface
vater in which the application of technology-based
pollution control practices does not result in
achievement of water quality standards.
(41) "Zone of passage" means the area bordering a
mixing zone which allows for unobstructed upstream and
downstream movement of aquatic organisms.
Kentucky Section I. Definitions and Abbreviations.
(1) General function of definitions. The following
definitions describe terms used in this chapter.
Terms not defined belov shall have the meaning given
to them in relevant statutes or, if not defined in
statutes, the meaning attributed by common use.
(a) "Aquifer" means any formation of soil, sand, rock,
gravel, limestone, sandstone, or other material or any
fracture, crevice, or void in any space formation from
which underground water is or may be available.
(b) "Coldwater -aquatic habitat" means surface waters
and associated substrate that will support indigenous
aquatic life as well as stocked trout.
(c) "Conventional domestic water supply treatment"
means or includes coagulation, sedimentation,
filtration, and chlorination.
(d) "Criteria" mean specific concentrations of vater
constituents which, if not exceeded, are expected to
result in an aquatic ecosystem suitable for designated
uses of water(s). Such criteria are derived to
protect legitimate uses such as aquatic life, domestic
water supply, and recreational use.
(e) "Division" means the Division of Vater Quality.
(f) "Effluent ditch" means that portion of a treatment
system which is a discreet, person-made conveyance,
either totally owned, leased or under proper easement
by the discharger, which transports a discharge to
waters of the Commonwealth.
(g) "Epilimnion" means the thermally homogeneous vater
layer overlying the metalimnion (thermocline) of a
lake.
(h) "Eutrophication" means the enrichment of waters of
the State by the discharge or addition of nutrients.
(i) "Fecal coliform" means the portion of the coliform
group which is present in the gut or the feces of
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varm-blooded animals. It generally includes organisms
vhich are capable of producing gas from lactose broth
in a suitable culture medium within tventy-four (24)
hours at 44.5 degrees plus or minus 0.2 degrees C.
(j) "Hypolimnion" means the lover cold region of a
stratified body of vater that extends from the
metalimnion to the bottom of the lake and circulation
is restricted while stratified vith the upper waters
thereby receiving no oxygen from the atmosphere.
(k) "Indigenous aquatic life" means naturally
occurring aquatic organisms including, but not limited
to, bacteria, fungi, algae, aquatic insects, other
aquatic invertebrates, reptiles and amphibians, and
fishes. Under some natural conditions one (1) or more
of the above groups may be absent from any given
surface water.
(1) "Intermittent stream" means a stream that flows at
certain times of the year as when it receives water
from springs or precipitation in the immediate
watershed.
(m) "LCe0" is used to express the results of bioassays
having lethality as the criterion of toxicity. A
numerical percentage is used to indicate the
percentage of the test animals killed at a given
concentration.
(n) "Low flow (seven (7) day, once-in-ten (10) year
low flow" means that minimum average flow which occurs
for seven (7) consecutive days with a recurrence
interval of ten (10) years.
(o) "Low flow stream" means that portion of a
watercourse where the low flow (not attributable to
discharges and other hydraulic alterations) is one (1)
cubic foot per second or less.
(p) "Median tolerance limit (TLm)" is a measure of the
concentration at which fifty (50) percent of the
organisms survive.
(q) "Milligrams per liter (mg/1)" means the milligram
of substance per liter of solution, and is equivalent
to parts per million in water assuming unit density.
(r) "Mixing zone" means a domain of a water body
contiguous to a treated or untreated wastewater
discharge of quality characteristics different from
those of the receiving water. The discharge is in
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transit and progressively diluted from the source to
the receiving system. The mixing zone is the domain
where vastevater and receiving vater mix.
(s) "Natural temperature" means the temperature that
vould exist in waters of the Commonwealth without the
change -of enthalpy of artificial origin as opposed to
climatic change or naturally occurring seasonally
variable temperature associated with riparian
vegetation and seasonal changes.
(t) "Natural water quality" means
occurring physical, chemical,
properties of waters.
those naturally
and biological
(u) "Non point" means any source of pollutants not
.defined by point source as used in this regulation.
(v) "Outstanding resource waters" means waters
designated by the department pursuant to 401 KAR
5:031, Section 8.
(w) "Point source" means any discernible, confined,
and discrete conveyance, including, but not limited to
any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit, well,
discrete fissure, container, rolling stock,
concentrated animal feeding operation> from which
pollutants are or may be discharged. This term does
not include return flows from irrigated agriculture.
(x) "Productive aquatic communities" means an
assemblage of indigenous aquatic life capable of
reproduction and growth.
(y) "Propagation" means the continuance of species by
successful spawning, hatching, and development or
natural generation in the natural environment, as
opposed to the maintenance of species by artificial
culture and stocking.
(z) "Public water supply" means only surface water
that with conventional treatment will be suitable for
human consumption, culinary purposes, or in any food
or beverage processing industry and meet state and/or
federal regulations for drinking water. This term is
synonymous with "domestic water supply."
(aa) "Standard" is a numerical value, range of values,
or narrative statement promulgated by the department
to maintain and protect the waters of the Commonwealth
for designated uses.
(bb) "Surface waters" means those waters having well
defined banks and beds, either constantly or
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intermittently floving, except effluent ditches;
impounded waters; and any subterranean vaters flowing
in veil defined channels and having a clear hydrologic
connection vith the surface.
(cc) "Thermocline" means the plane in a body of water
in which the maximum rate of decrease in temperature
occurs.
(dd) "Toxic substances" means substances which are
bioaccumulative, synergistic, antagonistic,
teratogenic, mutagenic, and interfere vith the normal
propagation of aquatic life, wildlife, or preclude the
legitimate uses of any vaters of the Commonwealth.
(ee) "Varmvater aquatic habitat" means any surface
vater and associated substrate capable of supporting
indigenous warmwater aquatic life.
(2) Abbreviations used in vater quality regulations:
(a) °C means degree(s) Celsius;
(b) EPA - See U. S. EPA;
(c) °F means degree(s) Fahrenheit;
(d) mg/1 means milligrams per liter (same as ppm);
(e) NPDES means National Pollutant Discharge
Elimination System;
(f) pCi/1 means piocuries per liter;
(g) ppm means part(s) per million (assuming unit
density, same as mg/1);
(h) ug/1 means micrograms per liter;
(i) U. S. EPA means the United States Environmental
Protection Agency.
18
Louisiana "Administrative Authority" means the Secretary of the
Department of Environmental Quality or his/her
designated representative, the Assistant Secretary,
Office of Vater Resources.
"Artifi( ial heat" means heat that is derived from
unnatural sources such as power plant and other
industrial cooling processes.
"Designated water use" means a use of the waters of
the State as established by the Vater Quality
Standards. These include but are not limited to,
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recreation, propagation of fish and other aquatic life
and vildlife including shellfish, public vater supply,
agricultural activities, and outstanding natural
resource waters.
"Dissolved oxygen" means the amount of oxygen
dissolved in vater, commonly expressed as a
concentration in terms of milligrams per liter, mg/L.
"Dystrophic waters" means waters which are stained
vith organic material and which are low in dissolved
oxygen due to natural conditions.
"Effluent" means
of the State.
wastewater discharged to the waters
aquatic organisms in a specified period of
"Effluent limitation" means any applicable state or
federal quality or quantity limitation, which imposes
any restriction or prohibition on quantities,
discharge rates, and concentrations of pollutants
which are discharged into the waters of the State.
"Fecal coliform" means a gram negative, non-spore
forming, rod-shaped bacteria found in the intestinal
tract of warm-blooded animals.
"Fresh warmwater fish" means those fish species whose
populations reproduce in relatively warm water (above
20°C, 68°F) and low salinity (less than 2 .ppt),
including but not limited to, black basses, and
freshwater sunfish and catfish.
"LC50" means the numerical limit or concentration of a
test material which is lethal to fifty percent (50%)
of exposed
time.
"mg/L" means milligrams per liter; it is essentially
equivalent to parts per million in dilute aqueous
solutions.
"ng/L" means nanograms per liter; it is essentially
equivalent to parts per trillion in dilute aqueous
solutions.
"Nonpoint source" means a diffuse source of water
pollution that does not discharge through a point
source but instead flows freely across exposed natural
or man-made surfaces such as agricultural or urban
runoff and runoff from construction, 'mining or
silviculture activities.
"Office" means the Office of Water Resources within
the Department of Environmental Quality.
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"Person" means any individual, municipality, public or
private corporation, partnership, firm, the United
States Government and any agent or subdivision
thereof, or any other juridicial person.
"Point source" means a discernible, confined, and
discrete conveyance including but not limited to, any
pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit, veil, discrete
fissure, container, rolling stock, concentrated animal
feeding operation, vessel or other floating craft,
from which pollutants are or may be discharged. This
term does not include return flows from irrigated
agriculture.
"Public water supply" means a surface or underground
raw water source which, after conventional treatment,
will provide safe, clear, potable, and aesthetically
pleasing water for uses which include but are not
limited to, human consumption, food processing and
cooking, and as a liquid ingredient in foods and
beverages.
"Receiving waters" means the waters of the State into
which an effluent is, or may be discharged.
"7Q10 flow" means the minimum 7 consecutive day
average stream flow with a recurrence interval of once
every 10 years.
"Total dissolved solids" (TDS) means the amount of
solid material dissolved in water, commonly expressed
as a concentration in terms of mg/L.
"Toxic substances" means any element, compound, or
mixture which at sufficient exposure levels induces
deleterious, acute or chronic physicological effects
on an organism.
"ug/L" means micrograms per liter; it is essentially
equivalent to parts per billion in dilute aqueous
solutions.
"Vastewater" means liquid waste resulting from
commercial, municipal, private or industrial
processes. This includes but is not limited to,
cooling and condensing waters, sanitary sewage,
industrial wast > and contaminated rainwater runoff.
"Water Pollution" means the introduction into the
waters of the State by any means, including dredge and
fill operations, of any substance in concentration
which tends to degrade the chemical, physical,
biological, or radiological integrity of such waters,
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including, but not limited to, the discharge of brine
from salt domes which are located on the coastline of
Louisiana and the Giilf of Mexico into any waters off
said coastline and extending therefrom three miles
into the Gulf of Mexico.
"Water Quality Standard" means a definite numerical
criterion value or general criterion statement, or
policy statement promulgated by the Administrative
Authority to ' enhance or maintain water quality and to
provide for, and fully protect, a designated use of
the waters of the State.
"Vaters of the State" means both the surface and
underground waters within the State of Louisiana
including all rivers, streams, lakes, groundwaters,
and all other watercourses and waters within the
confines of the State, and all bordering waters of the
Gulf of Mexico.
Maine
19
1. Discharge. "Discharge" means any spilling,
leaking, pumping, pouring emptying, dumping, disposing
or other addition of any pollutant to waters of the
State.
1-A. Coastal streams. "Coastal streams" means those
waters of the State which" drain directly or indirectly
into tidal waters except portions of streams subject
to the rise and fall of the tide and those waters
listed and classified in sections 368 and 370.
2. Fresh surface waters. "Fresh surface waters" means
all waters of the State other than tidal waters.
3. Municipality. "Municipality" means a city, town,
plantation or unorganized township.
A. Person. "Person" means an individual, firm,
corporation, municipality, quasi-municipal
cooperation, state agency, federal agency or other
legal entity.
A-A. Pollutant. "Pollutant" means dredged spoil, solid
waste, junk, incinerator residue, sewage refuse,
effluent, garbage, sewage sludge, munitions,
chemicals, biological or radiological materials, oil,
petroleum products or byproducts, heat, wrecked or
discarded equipment, rock, sand, dirt and industrial,
municipal, domestic, commercial or agricultural wastes
of any kind.
A-B. Surface waste water disposal system. "Surface
waste water disposal system" shall mean any system for
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disposal of vaste waters on the surface of the earth,
including, but not limited to, holding ponds, surface
application and injection systems.
5. Tidal waters. "Tidal waters" means those portions
of the Atlantic Ocean within the jurisdiction of the
State, and all other waters of the State subject to
the rise and fall of the tide except those waters
listed and classified in sections 368 and 369.
6. Transfer of ownership. "Transfer of ownership"
means a sale, a lease, a sale of over 50 percent of
the stock of a corporation to one legal entity or a
merger or consolidation where the surviving
corporation is other than the original licensee.
7. Waters of the State. "Waters of the State" means
any and all the surface and subsurface waters which
are contained within, flow through, or under or border
upon this State or any portion thereof, including the
marginal and high seas, except those waters as are
confined and retained completely upon the property of
one person and do not drain into or connect with any
other waters of the State.
Of)
Maryland4*" A. General
(1) The following definitions describe the meaning of
terms used in the water quality and the water
pollution control regulations of the Department
of Health and Mental Hygiene (Regulations .01 -
.09, and .11, -
(2) The terms "discharge",. "discharge permit",
"disposal system", "effluent limitation",
"industrial user", "national pollutant discharge
elimination system", "person", "pollutant",
"pollution", "publicly owned treatment works",
and "waters of this State", are defined in the
Health-Environmental Article, SS1-101, 9-101, and
9-301, Annotated Code of Maryland. The
definitions for these terms are provided below as
a convenience, but persons affected by the
Department's water quality and water pollution
control regulations should be aware that these
definitions are subject to amendment by the
General Assembly.
B. Definition of Terms'
(1) "Administrative order" means written notification
issued by the Department under State law and
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regulations, and requiring correction of a water
pollution condition or compliance with provisions
of pertinent law and regulations.
(2) "Advanced waste treatment" means treatment of '
wastes or wastewaters to:
(a) Reduce the level of specific constituents i
which are not sufficiently controlled by
best practicable control technology i
currently available (BPCTCA) or by secondary j
treatment; or
(b) Reduce organic oxygen demand beyond the
level attainable by BPCTCA or secondary
treatment to comply with waste load
allocations in water quality limited waters.
(3) "Affiliate" means an individual or corporation
who is controlling, controlled by, or under
common control of the applicant.
(A) "Aquifer" means any formation of soil, sand,
rock, gravel, limestone, sandstone, or other
material, or any crevice from which underground
water is or may be produced.
i
(5) "Base flow" means the discharge entering stream
channels from ground water or other delayed
sources; that is, stream flow periods not
affected by recent rainfall.
(6) "Best practicable control technology currently
available (BPCTCA)" means a feasible process
which represents good engineering practice at
reasonable cost at the time the discharge permit
is issued or reissued. Feasibility is
demonstrated by general use, demonstration
process or pilot plants. For industrial waste
discharges, BPCTCA is the same as Best
Practicable Technology (BPT). For discharges
from all sewage treatment facilities, BPCTCA
means the secondary treatment levels specified by
the Department in discharge permits.
(7) "Biocide residual" means the level remaining in
an effluent of a chemical substance added as part I
of the treatment process for the purpose of _J
controlling bacteria, fungi, algae, or other
microorganisms. This, term includes chlorine and \
ozone. ' I
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(8) "Coliform organisms" means the possession of the
power to direct or cause the direction of the
management policies of a person.
(9) "Control" means the possession of the power to
direct or cause the direction of the management
policies of a person.
(10) "Criteria" means numerical or descriptive limits
for water constituents which are designed to
protect designated uses of the waters of this
State.
(11) "Department" means the Department of Health and
Mental Hygiene.
(12) "Design stream flow" means the minimum 7
consecutive day average stream discharge having a
recurrence interval of 10 years.
(13) "Discharge" means:
(a) The addition, introduction, leaking,
spilling, or emitting of a pollutant to
waters of this State; or
(b) The placing of a pollutant in a location
where the pollutant is likely to pollute.
(14) "Discharge permit" means a permit issued by the
Department of Health and Mental Hygiene for the
discharge of any pollutant or combination of
pollutants into the waters of this State.
(15) "Disposal system" means a system for disposing of
wastes by surface, above surface, or underground
methods. Disposal system includes works and a
disposal well.
(16) "Effluent" means the outflow of treated or
untreated waste from an industrial process,
holding tank, pond, sewer, or other point source
into the waters of this State.
(17) "Effluent limitation" means any restriction or
prohibition that:
(a) Is established under ederal law or a law of
this State;
(b) Specifies quantities, rates or concentrations
of chemical, physical, biological, and other
constituents that are being discharged into
the waters of this State;
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(c) Includes:
(i) Parameters for toxic and non-toxic
discharges,
(ii) Standards of performance for nev
sources, and
(iii) Ocean discharge standards.
(18) "Effluent limited waters" means waters of this
State which the Department has identified as
those in which best practicable control
technology currently available for industrial
discharges and secondary treatment for sewage
discharges is sufficiently stringent to maintain
applicable water quality standards.
(19) "Emergency conditions" means those circumstances
resulting from a permittee's .actions, or lack of
actions, which the Department of Health and
Mental Hygiene determines constitute a present or
imminent danger to the public health, welfare, or
the environment.
(20) "EPA" means the United States Environmental
Protection Agency, or its successor.
(21) "Estuary" means a semi-enclosed coastal body of
water having a free connection with the open sea
and within which the seawater is measurably
diluted with fresh water deriving from land
drainage.
(22) "Eutrophication or eutrophic" means:
(a) The excessive enrichment of the waters of
this State by the discharge to or addition
of nutrients; or
(b) The degradation of water quality or
undesirable ecological changes as indicated
by excessive rooted or dispersed plan
growth, loss of water clarity, or nuisance
conditions.
(23) "Fecal coliform" means the portion of the
coliform bacteria group which is present in the
gut or the feces of warm-blooded animals. It
generally includes organisms which are capable of
producing gas from lactose broth in a suitable
culture medium within 24 hours at 44.5° + 0.5°C.
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(24) "Federal Act" means the Federal Water Pollution
Control Act, its amendments, and all regulations
and rules adopted under the Act.
(25) "Fish" means any of numerous cold-blooded aquatic
vertebrates of the Superclass Pisces,
characteristically having fins, gills, and a
streamlined body. Fish includes:
(a) Any of the Class Osteichthyes having a bony
skeleton;
(b) Any of the Class Chondrichthyes, having a
cartilaginous skeleton (sharks, rays and
skates); and
(c) Any of the Class Agnatha which lack javs
(lampreys and hagfishes).
(26) "General permit" is a discharge permit issued to
a class of dischargers.
(27) "Ground water" means underground water or water
below the surface of the ground in a zone of
saturation.
(28) "Includes or including" means includes or
including by way of illustration and not by way
of limitation.
(29) "Industrial user" means:
(a) A person who is engaged in manufacturing,
fabricating, or assembling goods; or
(b) A member of any class of significant
producers of pollutants identified under
regulations adopted by:
(i) The Department; or
/
(ii) The administrator of the United States
Environmental Protection Agency.
(30) "Industrial waste" means any liquid, gaseous,
solid or other waste substance, or combination
thereof, resulting from:
(a) Any process of industry, manufacturing,
trade or business; or
(b) The development of any natural resource,
including agriculture
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(30-1) "Interference" means:
(a) An inhibition or disruption of the POTV, its
treatment processes or operations, or its
sludge processes, use or disposal which
causes either a violation of any requirement
of the POTV's discharge permit or prevents
sewage sludge use or disposal by the POTV in
accordance with the following statutory
provisions and regulations or permits issued
under them:
(i) Section 405 of the Clean Water Act;
(ii) The Solid Waste Disposal Act (SWDA)
(including Title II more commonly
referred to as the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
and any State regulations contained
in any State sludge management plan
prepared pursuant to Subtitle D of
the SVDA);
(iii) The Clean Water Act; and
(iv) The Toxic Substances Control Act.
(b) Damage to sewer systems and threats to POTW
worker and public health, safety and comfort.
(31) "Intermittent stream" means a nontidal body of
flowing water for which the computed design
stream flow is zero.
(32) "Material balance" means an inventory accounting
system for determining quantities of materials on
hand, used in process, converted to product, lost
to the environment, or contained in waste matter
generated, stored, discharged, or otherwise
processed.
(33) "Mixing zone" means an area continguous to a
discharge where surface water quality or ground
water quality does not have to meet:
(a) All water quality criteria; or
(b) All requirements otherwise applicable to the
natural water.
(34) "National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
(NFDES)" means the national system for issuing
permits as designated by the Federal Act.
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(34-1) "National pretreatment requirements" means any
general pretreatment regulation established by
EPA in accordance with the Federal Act.
(34-2) "National pretreatment standard" means a
pollutant discharge limit contained in a
regulation which,:
.(a) .Applies to industrial users of publicly
owned treatment works; and
(b) Is promulgated by EPA under the Federal Act.
(35) "NPDES application" means the current revised
Environmental Protection Agency standard national
forms for applying for an NPDES permit.
(36) "NPDES permit" means the permit issued under the
Federal Act.
(37) "Natural" or "naturally occurring", when used to
describe water quality, means:
(a) Those water quality values which exist
unaffected by, or unaffected as a
consequence of, any water use;
(b) Those water quality values which exist
unaffected by the discharge, or direct or
indirect deposit of, any solid, liquid, or
gaseous substance; or
(c) Any other water quality values which
represent conditions which the Department by
its regulations defines as natural. For the
purposes of this definition, the following
conditions shall be considered as natural:
(i) Infestations of water milfoil,
Hyriophyllum spicatum;
(ii) Infestations of water chestnut, Trapa
natans'
(iii) The presence of sea lettuce, Ulva
lactuc; and
(iv) The presence of sea nettles, >%urelia
sp.
(38) "Natural trout waters" means waters capable of
supporting natural trout populations, including
propagation, and their associated food organisms.
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(39) "New source" means any source, the construction
of which is commenced after the publication of
proposed regulations by the Environmental
Protection Agency prescribing a standard of
performance which will be applicable to the
source if the standard is promulgated.
• (40) "Nontidal water" means water not subject to
regular and periodic tidal action (generally
freshwater).
(41) "Oil" means any of a number of unctuous
combustible substances which are liquid at
ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure, or
easily liquefiable on warming and soluble in
ether, and which include fuel oil, gasoline,
kerosene, lubricating oil, other petroleum
products, oil bearing sludge, oil refuse, oil
mixed with ballast or bilge water, and oil mixed
with wastes.
(42) "Operator" means that person or those persons
with responsibility for the management and
performance of each facility.
(43) "Other aquatic life" means all organisms, other
than fish, which grow in, live in, or frequent
water.
(44) "Other waste" means garbage, refuse, wood,
sawdust, shavings, bark, sand, lime, cinders,
ashes, offal, oil, tar, dyestuffs, acids,
chemicals, and all discarded substances other
than sewage or industrial waste.
(44-1) "Pass through" means discharge of pollutants
through the POTW into waters of the State in
quantities or concentrations which cause a
violation of any requirement of the POTVr's
discharge permit.
(45) "Permeability of an aquifer" means the volume of
water at the prevailing kinematic viscosity that
will move in unit time under a unit hydraulic
gradient through a unit area measured at right
angle to the direction of flow.
(46) "Permit" means written authorization issued by
the Department of Health and Mental Hygiene under
pertinent law and regulations and describing
required performance for specific activities and
operations.
J
J
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(47) "Permittee" means the person holding a permit
issued by the Department of Health and Mental
Hygiene.
(48) "Person" means any individual, receiver, trustee,
guardian, personal representative, fiduciary, or
representative of any kind, and any partnership,
association, corporation or other entity. Person
includes the federal government, this State, any
county, municipal corporation, or other political
subdivision of this State or any of their units.
(49) "Person in charge" means the person designated by
an operator or permittee as the one with direct
supervisory responsibility for an activity or
operation at a facility.
(50) "Point of discharge" means any discernible,
confined and discrete conveyance, including any
pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit, veil,
discrete fissure, container, rolling stock,
concentrated animal feeding operation, or vessel
or other floating craft, from which pollutants
are, or may be discharged.
(52) "Pollutant" means:
(a) Any waste or wastewater that is discharged
from:
(i) Any publicly owned treatment works;
(ii) An industrial source; or
(b) Any other liquid, gaseous, solid, or other
substances which will pollute any waters of
this State.
(53) "Pollution" means any contamination or other
alteration of the physical, chemical, or
biological properties of any waters of this
State, including a change in temperature, taste,
color, turbidity, or odor of the waters or the
discharge or deposit of any organic matter,
harmful organism, or liquid, gaseous, solid,
radioactive, or other harmful, or detrimental, to:
(a) Public health, safety, or welfare;
(b) Domestic, commercial, industrial,
agricultural, recreational, or other
legitimate beneficial uses;
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(c) Livestock, vild animals, birds; or
(d) Fish or other aquatic life.
(53-1) "Pretreatment" means a reduction in the amount of
pollutants, the elimination of pollutants, or the
alteration of the nature of pollutant properties
in a vastevater before discharging to or
otherwise introducing pollutants into a POTV.
(53-2) "Pretreatment requirements" means any:
(a) National pretreatment requirements
national pretreatment standards;
and
(b) Pretreatment regulations developed in
accordance vith Health-Environmental Article
59-319(a), Annotated Code of Maryland;
(c) Pretreatment requirements listed within the
delegation document issued by the Department
approving a pretreatment program developed
by owners of a POTV;
(d) Pretreatment requirements developed by
owners of POTVs in accordance with approved
pretreatment programs; or
(e) Pretreatment requirements established in a
permit or agreement between a POTV and an
industrial user issued in accordance with an
approved pretreatment program.
(54) "Propagation" means the continuance of species by
generation of. successive production in the
natural environment, as opposed to the
maintenance of species by artificial culture and
stocking.
/
(55) "Publicly owned treatment works (POTV)" means a
facility that is:
(a) Owned by this State or a political
subdivision, municipal corporation, or other
public entity; and
(b) Used for the treatment of pollutants.
(56) "Receiving water" means the surface waters of
this State into which wastes or wastewaters are
or may be discharged.
I
J
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(57) "Recreational trout waters" means cold or warm
waters capable of holding or supporting adult
trout for put-and-take fishing, usually seasonal.
(58) "Refuse Act" means S13 of the River and Harbor
Act of March 3, 1899.
(59) "Refuse Act application" means the application
for a permit under the Refuse Act.
(60) "Refuse Act permit" means any permit issued under
the Refuse Act.
(61) 1"Regular or periodic tidal action" means the
rise and fall of the sea produced by the
gravitational attraction of the sun and moon
unaffected by wind or any other circumstances.
(62) "Schedule of compliance" means a schedule of
remedial measures including an enforceable
sequence of actions or operations leading to
compliance with effluent limitations or water
quality standards as specified by an order or
permit requirement of the Department.
(63) "Secondary treatment" means the treatment of
sewage to produce effluent equal to or better
than the following quality:
(a) Five day biochemical oxygen demand:
(i) 30 rag/1 - average for a 30 day period;
(ii) 45 rag/1 - average for a 7 day period.
(b) Total suspended solids:
(i) 30 mg/1 - average for a 30 day period;
(ii) 45 mg/1 - average for a 7 day period.
(c) Bacterial control: As required to meet
water quality standards.
(64) "Sewage" means the water-carried domestic waste
from residences, buildings, industrial
establishments, or other places.
(65) "Shellfish harvesting waters" means waters that
are actual or potential areas for the harvesting
of shellfish including oysters, softshell clams,
and brackish water clams.
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(66) "Sludge" means the settleable solids that are: I
(a) Naturally present in waters and vastevaters; *i
I
(b) Derived from nonsettleable matter by -
chemical coagulation and precipitation or by ]
biological flocculation and precipitation. <
(67) "Source" means any building, structure, facility, 1
or installation from which there is, or may be, a |
discharge of pollutants.
(68) "Spill (spilling)" means any loss of control or
release of oil or other hazardous substance that
moves or is capable of moving into the aquatic '
environment.
(69) "Standard of performance" means a standard for
the control of the discharge of pollutants which [
reflects the greatest degree of effluent J
reduction achievable through application of the
best available demonstrated control technology,
processes, operating methods, or other
alternatives as established by the State or the
Environmental Protection Agency.
»
(70) "State" means the State of Maryland.
(71) "Stream flow" means the nontidal water movement
that occurs in a natural channel.
(72) "Sub-basin" means one of the 20 watershed areas
delineated by the Maryland Department of Health
and Mental Hygiene, and comprising, in sum total,
the surface waters of the State.
(73) "Surface waters" means all waters of this State /
which are not groundwaters.
/
(74) "Thermal barrier" means a pattern of artificially
created temperature change and distribution.
(75) "Tidal water" means water subject to regular or I
periodic tidal action.
(76) "Toxic materials" means any liquid, gaseous, or
solid substance or substances in a concentration
which, when applied to, discharged to, or
deposited in the waters of the State, may exert a
poisonous effect detrimental to man or to the
propagation, cultivation or conservation of
animals, fish, or other aquatic life.
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(77) "Transmissivity of an aquifer" means the rate
which water of the prevailing kinematic viscosity
is transmitted through a unit vidth of the
aquifer under a unit hydraulic gradient.
(78) "Treatment works" means any plant or other works
used for the purpose of treating, or stabilizing,
wastes.
(79) "Vessel" means every watercraft or other
artificial contrivance used, or capable of being
used, as a means of transportation on the waters
of this State.
(80) "Waste load allocation" means the identification
and allotment by the Department of Health and
Mental Hygiene of quantities of residual wastes
which may be discharged from point sources. This
allotment shall include:
(a) Limits on the quantities of wastes which may
be discharged;
(b) Consideration of seasonal variations;
(c) A margin of safety; and
(d) The contribution of non-point sources.
(81) "Vaste" means industrial waste and all other
liquid, gaseous, solid, or other substances which
will pollute any waters of this State.
(82) "Vastewater" means any:
(a) Liquid waste substance derived from
industrial, commercial, municipal,
residential, agricultural, recreational, or
other operations or establishments; and
t
(b) Other liquid waste substance containing
liquid, gaseous, or solid matter and having
characteristics which will pollute any
waters of this State.
(83) "Water' means the liquid substance which is
derived from ground water source, or a surface
source, or a piped supply, or any combination of
these sources, which will be discharged, without
change in quality, into the waters of this State,
with the exception of storm water runoff.
(84) "Water class unit" means a distinct portion of a
sub-basin.
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(85) "Water quality criteria" means numerical and
descriptive limits designed to protect designated
uses of the waters of this State by controlling
concentrations of water constituents.
(86) "Water quality limited waters" means shellfish
waters and other waters of this State for which
best practicable control technology currently
available for industrial discharges and secondary
treatment for sewage discharges is not
sufficiently stringent to maintain applicable
water quality standards.
(87) "Watercourse" means a specific body or channel of
water which is part of the waters of this State.
(88) "Waters of this State" includes:
(a) Both surface and underground waters within
the boundaries of this State subject to its
jurisdiction, including that part of the
Atlantic Ocean within the boundaries of this
State, the Chesapeake Bay and its
tributaries, and all ponds, lakes, rivers,
streams, public ditches, tax ditches, and
public drainage systems within this State,
other than those designed and used to
collect, convey, or dispose of sanitary
sewage; and
(b) The floodplain of free-flowing waters
determined by the Department of Natural
Resources on the basis of the 100-year flood
frequency.
Massachusetts
21
Artificial conditions - Those conditions resulting
from human alteration of the chemical, physical or
biological integrity of waters.
r
Beneficial use - Any use not impairing the most
sensitive use designated in the classification tables
contained in Part 5; except that in no case shall the
assimilation or transport of pollutants be deemed a
beneficial use.
Cold water fishery - Waters whose quality is capable
of sustaining a year-round population of cold water
trout (salmonidae).
Division - The Massachusetts Division of Water
Pollution Control, as established by General Laws c
21, ss26.
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Discharge - Any addition of any pollutant to the
waters of the Commonwealth. '
EPA - The United States Environmental Protection Agency
Federal Act - The Federal Water Pollution Control Act,
as amended, 33 U.S.C. ssl251, et seq.
Massachusetts Act - The Massachusetts Clean Waters
Actt as amended," General Lavs, c 21 ss26-53, inclusive.
Pollutant - An element or property of sewage,
agricultural, industrial or commercial waste, runoff,
leachate, heated effluent, or other matter, in
whatever form and whether originating at a point or
major nonpoint source, which is or may be discharged,
drained or otherwise introduced into any sewerage
system, treatment works or waters of the Commonwealth.
Primary contact recreation - Any recreation or other
water use, such as swimming and water skiing, in which
there is prolonged and intimate contact with the water
sufficient to constitute a health hazard.
Seasonal cold water fishery - Waters whose quality is
capable of sustaining only an extremely limited cold
water population on a year-round basis, with
cold-water fish in ' these streams provided largely by
stocking.
Secondary contact recreation - Any recreation or other
water use in which contact with the water is either
incidental or accidental, such as fishing, boating and
limited contact incident to shoreline activities.
Segment - A finite portion of a water body established
by the Division for the purpose of classification.
Warm water fishery - Waters whose quality is not
capable of sustaining a year-round cold water or
seasonal cold water fishery.
Waters of the Commonwealth - All waters within the
jurisdiction of the Commonwealth, including, without
limitation, rivers, streams, lakes, ponds, springs,
impoundments, estuaries and coastal waters, but not
including groundwaters.
Michigan22 R323.1043. Definitions A to N.
Rule 1043. As used in this part.
(a) "agricultural water use" means a use of water for
agricultural purposes, including, but not limited to,
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livestock watering, irrigation and crop spraying.
(b) "Application factor" means a numerical factor
applied to the TLm or concentration producing other
effect end points to provide the concentration of a
toxic substance that vould be safe for test organisms
in the waters of the state.
(c) "Best practicable waste treatment technology for
control of total phosphorous" means chemical-physical
or chemical-physical-biological treatment processes,
including but not limited to treatment with aluminum
salts, iron salts, or lime in conjunction with
appropriate coagulant chemicals, settling or
filtration or both, with operation and management of
the treatment facilities and the process to achieve.
optimum phosphorous removal rates, or equivalent
treatment.
(d) "Anadromous salmonids" means those trout and
salmon which ascend streams to spawn.
(e) "Coldwater fish" means those fish species whose
populations thrive in relatively cold water, including
but not limited to trout, salmon, whitefish and cisco.
(f) "Connecting waterways" means the St. Marys River,
Keweenaw waterway, Detroit River, St. Clair River and
Lake St. Clair.
(g) "Designated use" means a use of the waters of the
state as established by these rules, including but not
limited to industrial, agricultural and public vater
supply; recreation; fish, and other aquatic life and
wildlife; and navigation.
(h) "Dissolved oxygen" means the amount of oxygen
dissolved in water, commonly expressed as a
concentration in terms of milligrams per liter.
(i) "Dissolved solids" means the amount of materials
dissolved in water commonly expressed as ' a
concentration in terms of milligrams per liter.
(j) "Effluent" means a wastewater discharged from a
point source to the waters of the state.
(k) "Fecal coliform" means a type of coliform bacteria
found in the intestinal tract of humans and other
warm-blooded animals.
(1) "Fish, other aquatic life, and wildlife use" means
the use of the waters of the state by fish, other
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aquatic life and wildlife for any life history stage
or activity.
(m) "Industrial vater supply" means a water source not
protected for public water supply and intended for use
in commercial or industrial applications and
no-contact food processing.
(n) "Mixing zone" means a region of a water body which
receives a wastevater discharge of a different quality
than the receiving waters, and within which the water
quality standards as prescribed by these rules do not
apply.
(o) "Natural water temperature" means the temperature
of a body of water without an influence from an
artificial source, or a temperature as otherwise
determined by the Commission.
R 323.1044. Definitions P to V
Rule 1044. As used in this part.
(a) "Palatability" means the state of being agreeable
or acceptable to the senses of sight, taste, or smell.
(b) "Plant nutrients" means those chemicals, including
but not limited to nitrogen and phosphorus, necessary
for the growth and reproduction of aquatic rooted,
attached, and floating plants, fungi, or bacteria.
(c) "Point source" means a discernible, confined, and
discrete conveyance from which wastewater is or may be
discharged to the waters of the state, including but
not limited to, a pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel,
conduit, well, discrete fissure, container,
concentrated animal feeding operation or vessel or
other floating craft.
(d) "Public water supply" means a surface raw water
source which, after conventional treatment, will
provide a safe, clear, potable, and aesthetically
pleasing water for uses which include, but are not
limited to human consumpti'on, food processing and
cooking, and as a liquid ingredient in foods and
beverages.
(e) "Raw water" means the waters of the state prior to
any treatment.
(f) "Receiving waters" means the waters of the state
into which an effluent is, or may be discharged.
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23
(g) "Sanitary savage" means treated or untreated
vastevaters vhich contain human metabolic and domestic
vastes.
*i
(h) "Standard" means a definite numerical value or |
narrative statement promulgated by the commission to
enhance or maintain water quality to provide for, and
fully protect, a designated use of the vaters of the "J
state. /
•
(i) "Suspended solids" means the amount of material
suspended in water, commonly expressed as a
concentration in terms of milligrams per liter.
(j) "TL " means median tolerance limit which is the j
concentration of a test material in a suitable diluent '
at which SOX of the exposed organisms survive for a
specified period of exposure.
(k) "Total body contact recreation" means an activity
where the human body may come into direct contact with
water to the point of complete submergence, including,
but not limited to, activities such as swimming, water
skiing, and skin diving.
(1) "Toxic substances" means.substances of unnatural
origin, except heat, in concentrations or combinations
which are or may become harmful to plant or animal
life.
(m) "Varmwater fish" means those fish species whose
populations thrive in relatively warm water, including
but not limited to, bass, pike, walleye, and panfish.
(n) "Vastewater" means liquid waste resulting from
commercial, municipal, and domestic operations and
industrial processes, including, but not limited to,
cooling and condensing waters, sanitary sewage, and J
industrial waste. I
(o) "Vaters of the state" means the Great Lakes, their
connecting waterways, all inland lakes, rivers,
streams, impoundments, open drains, and other surface
watercourses within the confines of the state, except
drainage ways arid ponds used solely for wastewater
conveyance, treatment, or control. J
Minnesota" The terms "waters of the state" for the purposes of I
this regulation shall be construed to mean intrastate J
waters as herein below defined, and the terms
"sewage," industrial waters," and "other wastes," as j
well as any other terms for which definitions are j
given in the Water Pollution Control Statues, as used
herein have the meanings ascribed to them in Minnesota .
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Mississippi
Missouri25
22
Statutes, Sections 115.01 and 115.41, vith the
exception that disposal systems or treatment works
operated under permit of the Agency shall not be
construed to be "waters of the state" as the term is
used herein. Interstate waters are defined as all
rivers, lakes, and other waters that flow across or
form part of state boundaries. All of the remaining
designated waters of the state which do not meet the
definition of interstate waters given above are to be
construed herein as constituting intrastate waters.
Other terms and abbreviations used herein which are
not specifically defined in applicable federal or
state lav shall be construed in conformance with the
context, and in relation to the applicable section of
the statutes pertaining to the matter at hand, and
current professional usage.
Not specified
(A) Waters of the State: All rivers, streams, lakes
and other bodies of surface and subsurface water lying
within or forming a part of the boundaries of the
state which are not entirely confined and located
completely upon lands owned, leased or otherwise
controlled by a single person or by two or more
persons jointly or as tenants in common and includes
water of the United States lying within the state.
(B) Stream-flow classification
1. Class P: Streams
even in drought periods.
that maintain permanent flow
2. Class Fl: Standing-water reaches of Class P
streams, including impoundments.
3. Class C: Streams that may cause flow in dry
periods, but maintain permanent pools which support
aquatic life.
(C) Water quality criteria: Chemical, physical, and
biological properties of water that are necessary to
protect beneficial water uses.
(D) Beneficial water uses:
1. Irrigation: Application of water to cropland or
directly to plants that may be used for human or,
livestock consumption. Occasional supplemental
irrigation, rather than continuous irrigations, is
assumed.
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2. Livestock watering and wildlife watering (LW,
tftf): Maintenance of conditions 'to support health in
livestock and wildlife.
3. Protection of warm-water aquatic life:
Maintenance of conditions to sustain warm-water fish
and other warm-water aquatic life, including critical
stages of reproduction and early life. It 'will
include warm-water sport fishing.
4. Coldwater sport fishery (CWSF): Maintenance of
conditions to support the propagation or stocking of
trout.
5. Whole-body contact recreation (WBCR): Activities
in which there is direct human contact with the raw
surface water to the point of complete body
submergence. The raw water may be ingested
accidentally and certain sensitive body organs, such
as the eyes, ears, and the nose, will be exposed to
the water. Although the water may be ingested
accidentally, it is not intended to be used as a
potable supply unless acceptable treatment is applied.
Water so designated is intended to be used for
swimming, water skiing or skin diving.
6. Drinking water supply (DWS): Maintenance of a raw
water supply which will yield potable water by common
treatment processes.
7. Industrial process water and industrial cooling
water: Water to support various industrial uses; since
quality needs will vary by industry, no specific
criteria are set in these standards.
8. Commercial Fishery: Aquatic life criteria and
Food and Drug Administration limits for fish
consumption are applicable.
9. Boating and canoeing: Activities in which very
little contact with water is assumed. '
(E) Outstanding national resource waters: Waters which
have outstanding recreation and ecological
significance. These waters shall receive special
protection against any degradation in quality. Rivers
of the Ozark National Scenic Riverways and the Wild
and Scenic Rivers systems are so designated.
(F) Epilimnion: Zone of atmospheric mixing in a
thermostratified lake.
(G) Hypolimnion: Zone beneath the zone of atmospheric
mixing in a thermostratified lake.
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(H) Aquifer: A subsurface vater-bearing bed or stratum
of sand, gravel or bedrock which stores or transmits
vater in recoverable quantities.
(I) Losing stream: A stream vhich distributes 30* or
more of its flow through natural processes, such as
through permeable subsoil and/or cavernous bedrock,
into groundvater.
(J) Fecal coliform bacteria: A group of bacteria
present in intestines of warm-blooded animals which
indicates the possible presence of pathogenic
organisms.
(K) Un-ionized ammonia: The toxic form of ammonia;
higher pH and higher temperature will cause a larger
percentage to exist in the un-ionized form.
(L) 96-Hour . LCe/j (TLm): Concentration of a toxicant
which would be expected to kill 502 of the individuals
of the test species in 96 hours.
(M) Regulated-flow streams: A stream that derives a
majority of its flow from a flow-regulating structure.
(N) Mixing zone: An area of initial dilution of
effluent in the receiving water. . • .
(0) Zone of passage: A continuous water route of the
volume, area and quality necessary to allow passage of
free-swimming and drifting organisms with no
significant effects produced on their populations.
(P) 7-day, once-in-ten year low flow (7-day, Q10): The
average minimum flow for seven consecutive days that
has a recurrence interval of once in ten years.
>
26
Montana Unless statutory definition or the context otherwise
requires in this rule:
r
"Conduit" means any artificial or natural duct, either
open or closed, for conveying liquids or other fluids.
"Dewatered stream" means a perennial or intermittent
stream whose water has been removed for one or more
beneficial uses.
"EPA" means the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency.
"Intermittent stream" means a stream or portion of a
stream that flows only in direct response to
precipitation; it receives little or no water from
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springs and no long-continued supply from melting snov
or other sources.
"Naturally occurring' means conditions or material
present from runoff or percolation over which man has
no control or from developed land where all reasonable
land, soil and water conservation practices have been
applied.' Conditions resulting from dams in existence
as of July 1, 1971 are natural.
"Mixing zone" means that volume of state water wherein
any pollutant may exceed allowable water quality
standards.
"Pesticide11 means insecticides, herbicides,
rodenticides, fungicides or any substance or mixture
of substances intended for preventing, destroying,
controlling, repelling, altering life processes, or
mitigating any insects, rodents, nematodes, fungi,
weeds and other forms of plant or animal life.
"Residue" means oils, floating solids and sludge
deposits.
"Sediment" means solid material settled from
suspension in a liquid; mineral or organic solid
material that is being transported or has been moved
from its site of origin by air, water'or ice and has
come to rest on the earth's surface, either above or
below sea level; or inorganic or organic particles
originating from weathering, chemical precipitation or
biological activity.
"Settleable solids" means inorganic or organic
particles that are being transported or have been
transported by water from the site or sites of origin
and are settled or are capable of being settled from
suspension.
"Sewer" means a pipe or conduit that carries
wastewater or drainage water.
"State waters" means any body of water, irrigation
system or drainage system, either surface or
underground. This section shall not apply to
irrigation waters where the waters are used up within
the irrigation system and said waters are not returned
to any other state waters. The term "state waters" as
used in this rule does not include underground waters.
"Storm sewer" or "storm drain" means a sewer that
carries storm water and surface water, street wash and
other wash waters, or drainage but excludes sewage and
industrial wastes.
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"True color" meahs the color of water from which the
turbidity has been removed.
"Turbidity" means a condition in water or wastewater
caused by the presence of suspended matter resulting
in the scattering and absorption of light rays.
77
Nebraska 001 "Beneficial Use" shall mean one of the existing
uses of a water body or one that is attainable based on
•. the .physical, chemical, or biological water body
characteristics. Beneficial uses include but are not
limited to agricultural, industrial, and public water
supplies; protection and propagation of fish; and
recreation in and on the water. Waste transport is not
a beneficial use.
002 "Canal" shall mean an artificial waterway which acts
as a main supply line of an irrigation canal system into
which water is released from a reservoir or diverted
from a river.
003 "Colloidal Substances" shall mean clay or other
substances which do not settle out without the use of a
flocculent.
004 "Cubic Foot per Second (cfs)" shall mean the unit of
measurement used in reporting stream discharge,
sometimes referred to as second-foot (sec-ft). It is a
volume of one cubic foot passing a given point during
one second of time and is equivalent to 7.48 gallons per
second or 448.8 gallons per minute.
005 "Daily Mean" shall mean an average of the daily high
and low measured values. In calculating the daily mean
for dissolved oxygen, values used in the calculations
shall not exceed the dissolved oxygen air saturation
value. If a measured value exceeds the dissolved oxygen
air saturation value, then the dissolved oxygen air
saturation value shall be used in calculating the daily
mean.
r
006 "Department" shall mean the Nebraska Department of
Environmental Control.
007 "Dissolved Oxygen (DO)" shall mean a measure of the
amount of free oxygen in the water.
008 "Dissolved Oxygen Air Saturation Value" shall mean
the concentration of dissolved oxygen which represents
100 percent saturation at any given point in a water
body based on the water temperature and atmospheric
pressure.
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009 "Early Life Stages" shall mean all embryonic and
larval stages and all juvenile forms to 30 days
following hatching.
010 "Endangered Species" shall mean any aquatic species
identified by the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission
whose continued existence as a viable component of the
wild' fauna of the State is determined to be in jeopardy
or which meets the criteria of the Federal Endangered
• Species Act.
Oil "Epilimnion" shall mean the warm, freely circulating
upper layer of thermally stratified lakes.
012 "Existing Uses" shall mean those beneficial uses
actually attained in a water body on or after November
28, 1975, whether or not they are included in these
water quality standards.
013 "Fecal Coliform" shall mean the portion of the
coliform group which is present in the gut or feces of
warm-blooded animals and generally includes organisms
which are capable of producing gas from lactose broth in
a suitable culture medium within 24 hours at 44.5 +
0.5°C.
014 "Hypolimnion" shall mean the cold, relatively
undisturbed lowermost layer of thermally stratified
lakes.
015 "Impounded Vaters" shall mean manmade or naturally
occurring collections or confinements of water.
016 "Junk" shall mean old scrap, copper, brass, iron,
steel, rope, rags, batteries, paper, trash, rubber
debris, waste, dismantled or wrecked automobiles, or
parts thereof, and other old or scrap ferrous or
nonferrous material.
017 "Key Species" shall mean identified endangered,
threatened, sensitive, or recreationally important
aquatic species associated with a particular water body
and its aquatic life use class.
018 "Lateral" shall mean the water conveyance portion of
an irrigation system which has a smaller initial
capacity than the canal and includes a ditch, c'onduit,
pipe, or channel which extends in a direction away from
the canal and provides direct irrigation service to
farms.
019 "Metalimnion" shall mean the layer of a thermally
stratified lake which exhibits a steep temperature
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gradient and separates the epilimnion above from the
hypolimnion belov.
020 "Milligrams per Liter (mg/1)" shall mean the
milligrams of substance per liter of solution,
equivalent to parts per million assuming unit density of
the solution.
021 "Mixing Zone" shall mean an area of a water body
contiguous to a vastevater discharge. The mixing zone
should be considered a place vhere vastevater and
receiving vater mix and not as a place vhere vastes are
treated.
022 "Nonpoint Source" shall mean, any source of
pollutants other than those defined as point sources.
023 "One Day Minimum" shall mean the lovest daily
instantaneous value measured.
024 "Petroleum Oils" shall mean all oils other than oils
of vegetable and animal origin.
025 "pH" shall mean the negative logarithm of the
hydrogen ion concentration (pH * -log [H +]. pH
expresses both the acidity and alkalinity of vater on a
scale from 0 to 14, vith 7 representing neutrality
(numbers less than 7 denote increasing acidity, and
numbers greater than 7 increasing alkalinity).
026 "Point Source" shall mean any discernible confined
and discrete conveyance, including but not limited to
any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit, veil,
discrete fissure, container, rolling stock, or vessel or
other floating craft, from vhich pollutants are or may
be discharged.
027 "Pollutant" shall mean any gas, liquid, or solid
introduced into a body of vater that causes vater
pollution.
028 "Recreationally Important Species" shall mean any
game fish species identified by the Department vhich is
important to sport fishermen and readily affected by
vater quality degradation.
029 "Salmonid" shall mean any fish belonging to the
family Salmonidae. Trout are members of this family.
030 "Sensitive Species" shall mean any aquatic species
identified by the Department vhich has a limited
distribution in the State and is indigenous to stable,
high quality aquatic environments.
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031 "Settleable Solids" shall mean substances such as
silt, organic detritus, plankton, and sand, which,
because of particle size or lack of water currents,
settle to the bottom of a stream course (or a laboratory
sample bottle).
032 "Seven Day Mean" shall mean an average of the daily
mean values calculated over a period of seven
consecutive days.
033 "Seven Day Mean Minimum" shall mean an average of
The one day minimum values calculated over a period of
seven consecutive days.
034 "Seven-Day-Ten-Year Low Plow" shall mean the average
low flow for seven consecutive days that is expected at
a frequency of once every ten years.
035 "Specific Conductivity (Conductivity-Conductance)"
shall mean a measure of the ability of water to conduct
an electrical current and is expressed in micromhos per
centimeter at 25 °C. Because the specific conductivity
is related to the number and types of chemical ions in
solution, it can be used for approximating the
dissolved-solids content of water.
036 "Surface Waters" shall mean all waters within the
jurisdiction of this State, including all streams,
lakes, ponds, impounding reservoirs, marshes, wetlands,
watercourses, waterways, springs, canal systems,
drainage systems, and all other bodies or accumulations
of water, antural or artificial, public or private,
situated wholly or partly within or bordering upon the
State. Impounded waters in this definition do not
include areas designated by the Department as wastewater
treatment or wastewater retention facilities or
irrigation reuse pits.
037 "Suspended Solids" shall mean substances such as
erosional silt, organic detritus, plankton, and sand,
which are held in suspension by water currents.
038 "Thermal Stratification" shall mean a characteristic
of certain lakes in which distinct layers of water that
differ in density exist because of temperature
differences. These layers are resistant to mixing with
each other.
039 "Thirty Day mean" shall mean an average of the daily
mean values calculated over a period of thirty
consecutive days.
040 "Threatened Species" shall mean any aquatic species
identified by the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission
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whose continued existence as a viable component of the
vild fauna of the State appears, likely to become
endangered or which meets the criteria of the Federal
Endangered Species Act.
041 "Toxic Substances" shall mean those pollutants or
combinations of pollutants, or disease causing agents,
which after discharge and upon exposure, ingestion,
inhalation or assimilation into any organism, either
directly from the environment or indirectly by ingestion
through food chains, will on the basis of information
available to the Department cause either death, disease,
behavioral abnormalities, cancer, genetic mutations,
physiological malfunctions (including malfunction in
reproduction) or physical deformations, on such organism
or their offspring.
042 "Un-ionized Ammonia" shall mean that portion of the
total ammonia present that remains undissociated in
water, and the form largely responsible for the toxicity
of ammonia to aquatic life. The amount of un-ionized
ammonia present is primarily dependent upon pfi and
temperature.
043 "Vastewater" shall mean water containing sewage,
and/or industrial wastes, including, but not limited to,
discharges from sand and gravel operations, cooling
water, storm water, street and road runoff, return flow
from irrigation, feedlot runoff, or wastes resulting
from land 'erosion and other discharges, treated or
untreated, which enter directly or indirectly into the
waters of the State or to any storm sewer, and including
the runoff from land used for the disposition of wastes.
044 "Vater Pollution" shall mean the manmade or
man-induced alteration of the chemical, physical,
biological, and radiological integrity of water.
045 "Vater Quality" shall mean the biological, chemical,
physical, and radiological integrity of a body of water.
045.01 "Biological Integrity" shall mean the plant,
animal, and bacteriological species composition of a
body of water.
045.02 "Chemical Integrity" shall mean the inorganic
and organic (nonliving) constituents of a volume of
water.
045.03 "Physical Integrity" shall mean the physical
properties (e.g., temperature, turbidity,
sedimentation) of a body of water.
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045.04 "Radiological Integrity" shall mean the
radioactive properties of a volume of water.
046 "Zone of Passage" shall mean the area outside of any
mixing zone which allows for movement of aquatic
organisms.
28
Nevada ."Act" means the Federal Water Pollution Control Act
Amendments of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251, et seq.)
"Administrator" means the administrator of the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency.
"Aquatic Animal Production Facility" means a hatchery,
fish farm or other facility which contains, grows, or
holds:
Fish or other aquatic animals in ponds, raceways, or
other similar structures for purposes of production and
from which there is a discharge on any 30 days or more
per year, but does not include:
Closed ponds which discharge only during periods of
excess runoff, or
• Facilities which produce less than 20,000 pounds of
aquatic animals per year;.
Any species of fish or other animal life (other than
carp (Cyprinum carpio), goldfish (Carassius auratus), or
brown trout (Salmo trutta) nonnative to the United
States as defined in "Special Publication No. 6" of the
American Fisheries Society entitled, "A List of Common
and Scientific Names of Fishes from the U. S. and
Canada," and from which there is a discharge at any
time.
"Commission" means the state environmental commission. .
"Complete treatment" means that degree of treatment
which is required to continuously produce water which
meets State Board of Health drinking water standards.
"Conventional treatment" means processes such as
coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, and
disinfection; however, it does not include desalting
techniques.
"Department" means the Department of Conservation and
Natural Resources.
"Director" means the Director of the Department or his
designee.
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"Discharge" means any addition of a pollutant or
pollutants to vater.
"Disinfection" means the destruction or inactivation of
disease-producing organisms.
"Division" means the division .of environmental
protection of the Department of Conservation and Natural
Resources.
"Effluent limitation" means any applicable state or
federal vater quality standard or limitation, vhich
imposes any restriction or prohibition on quantities,
rates or concentrations of chemical, physical,
biological, and other constituents vhich are discharged
from point sources into any vaters of the state.
"Filtration" means a physical-chemical process for
removing suspended and colloidal impurities from vater
by passage through a porous medium by the following
mechanisms: absorption, flocculation, sedimentation,
and straining.
"Individual sevage disposal system" means a system of
sevage treatment tanks or tank and effluent absorption
or percolation facilities serving a single-dwelling or
structure.
"Industrial wastes", means vastes resulting from any
process of industry, manufacturing, trade or business,
or from the development or recovery of any natural
resources.
"Interstate agency" means any agency of two or more
states:
Established by or pursuant to an agreement or compact
approved by the Congress of the United States; or
Having substantial povers of duties pertaining to the
control of pollution of vaters.
"Lav" means NRS 445.131 to MRS 445-354, inclusive.
"Minor discharge" means any discharge vhich (1) has a
total volume of less than 50,000 gallons on every day of
the year, (2) does not affect the vaters of any other
state, and (3) is not identified by the director, the
regional administrator, or by the administrator as a
discharge vhich is not a minor discharge. If there is
more than one discharge from a facility and the sum of
the volumes of all discharges from the facility exceed
50,000 gallons on any day of the year, then no discharge
from the facility is a minor discharge as defined
herein.
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"Municipality" means
Any city, town, county, district, association, or other
public body created by or pursuant to the lav of this
state, which has jurisdiction over disposal of sewage,
industrial vastes or other vastes; or
An Indian tribe or an authorized Indian tribal
organization.
"NPDES" means l:he National Pollutant Discharge
Elimination System, which is the national system for the
issuance of permits under Section 402 of the Act.
"Natural waters" means waters which have not been
degraded or enhanced by actions attributable to man.
"New source" means any source, the construction of which
is commenced after the publication of proposed
regulations prescribing a standard of performance under
Section 306 of the Act which will be applicable to such
source, if such standard is thereafter promulgated in
accordance with Section 306 of the Act.
"Origin" means all waters tributary 'to those waters
being classified and are considered a part of the waters
being classified unless otherwise*designated.
"Permit" means a written authorization to discharge
pollutants into the waters of the state in accordance
with the Act, the law, and the regulations promulgated
thereunder.
"Person means:
The state or any agency or institution thereof, any
individual, partnership, firm; private corporation,
trust, estate, commission, board, public or private
institution, utility, cooperative, municipality or other
political subdivision of this state, any interstate b,ody
or any other legal entity.
"Point source" means any discernible, confined and
discrete conveyance, including, but not limited to, any
pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit, well, discrete
fissure, container, rolling stock, concentrated animal
feeding operation, or vessel or other floating craft,
from which pollutants are or may be discharged.
"Pollutant" means:
Dredged spoil, solid waste, incinerator residue, sewage,
garbage, sewage sludge, munitions, chemical wastes,
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biological materials, and radioactive materials, heat,
wrecked or discarded equipment, rock, sand, cellar dirt,
and industrial, municipal, and -• agricultural waste
discharge into water;
Does not mean water, gas, or other material which is
injected into a well to facilitate production of oil or
gas, or water derived in association with oil or gas
production and disposed of in a well, if the well is
used either for facilitating production or for disposal
purposes and if the Department determines that such
injection or disposal will not result in the degradation
of ground or surface water resources.
"Pollution" means the man-made or man-induced alteration
of the chemical, physical, biological, and radiological
integrity of water.
"Pretreatment standards" means the standards promulgated
under Section 307(b) of the Act.
"Refuse Act application" means the application for a
permit under Section 13 of the Rivers and Harbors Act of
March 3, 1899.
"Regional Administrator" means the Regional
Administrator of the United States Environmental
Protection Agency, Region IX.
"Sewage" means the water-carried human or animal waste
from residences, buildings, industrial establishments,
feedlots, or other places, together with such
groundwater infiltration and surface water as may be
present. The mixture of sewage with wastes and/or
industrial wastes shall also be considered sewage within
the meaning of these regulations.
"Source" means any building, structure, facility, or
installation from which there is or may be the discharge
of pollutants.
t
"Standard of performance" means a standard for the
control of the discharge of pollutants which reflects
the greatest degree of effluent reduction which the
Administrator determines to be achievable through
application of the best available demonstrated control
technology, processes, operating methods, or other
alternatives, including, where practicable, a standard
permitting no discharge of pollutants.
"Toxic materials" means any material appearing on the
list developed by the Administrator pursuant to Section
307(a) of the Act.
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"Treatment or vaste treatment" means the stabilization
or alteration of the quality of waste waters by
physical, biological, or chemical means, or a
combination thereof, for the purpose of reducing or
eliminating adverse effects on water quality, such that
the tendency of said wastes to cause any degradation in
water quality or other environmental conditions is
reduced or eliminated.
"Treatment works", means:
Any devices and systems used in the storage,
treatment, recycling, and reclamation of municipal
sewage or industrial wastes of a liquid nature,
including intercepting sewers, outfall sewers, sewage
collection systems, pumping, power and other equipment,
and their appurtenances;
Extensions, improvements, remodeling, additions, and
alterations of any device or system mentioned above;
Units essential to provide a reliable recycled supply
such as standby treatment units and clear well
facilities;
Any works, including site acquisition of the land that
will be an integral part of the treatment process or is
used for ultimate disposal of residues resulting from
such treatment; and
Any other method or system for preventing, abating,
reducing, storing, treating, separating or disposing of
municipal waste, including storm water runoff,
industrial waste or waste in combined storm water and
sanitary sewer systems.
"Water quality standards or limitations" means any
applicable state or federal water quality standards or
limitations, including, but not limited to, water
quality criteria, water use classifications,
implementation plans and compliance schedules, effluent
standards and limitations, prohibitions, standards of
performance and pre treatment methods.
"Waters of the state" means all water situated wholly or
partly within or bordering upon the state, including but
not limited to:
All streams lakes, ponds, impounding reservoirs,
marshes, water courses, waterways, wells, springs,
irrigation systems, and drainage systems, and
All bodies or accumulations of water, surface and
underground, natural or artificial.
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Nev Hampshire
29
"Zone of mixing"
point of vaste
immediately mixes
momentum of the
means the volume of water near the
discharge within which the water
with the receiving water due to the
waste discharge and the difference in
density between the waste and the receiving water.
"Zone of passage" means a continuous water route of the
volume, cross-sectional area, and quality necessary to
allow passage of free-swimming and/or drifting organisms
with no , significant - effect produced on the aquatic
population.
Antidegradation Policy: A policy which protects the
current high water quality use even though the water may
be classified for a lesser use. For example, a water
body currently meeting the standards and used for
swimming purposes cannot be degraded to a lesser use
even if classified "C".
Coliform Organisms: Any of a number of organisms whose
presence in water is a possible indication of
potentially dangerous bacterial contamination emanation
from human and animal wastes.
Disinfection: The killing of the larger portion (but
not necessarily all) of the harmful and objectionable
microorganisms, in or on, a medium by means of
chemicals, heat, ultraviolet light, etc. Chlorination is
the method commonly, employed in ' water and sewage
treatment processes.
Dissolved Oxygen (DO): The oxygen dissolved as a gas in
sewage, water or other liquid usually expressed in
milligrams per liter (mg/1), parts per million (ppm) or
percent saturation. Adequate dissolved oxygen levels
are necessary in waters to protect fish and other
aquatic life and to prevent offensive odors. Low
dissolved oxygen concentrations are generally due to
excessive organic solids discharged as a result of
inadequately treated waste (having high (BOD); excessive
algal growths may cause vastly fluctuating dissolved
oxygen levels. Other factors such as temperature and
water movement also have an impact on dissolved oxygen
levels .
pH: The index of hydrogen ion activity, used as an
indication of acidity or alkalinity in water. The pH of
most waters ranges from 6.5 to 8.5, and most uses of
water, such as aquatic life propagation, prosper at
these levels.
Pollutant: Any introduced gas, solid, or liquid matter
which renders a resource unfit for a specified use.
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Surface Waters of the State: Streams, lakes, ponds and /
tidal waters within the jurisdiction of the State,
including all streams, lakes or ponds bordering on the -]
State, marshes, water courses and other bodies of water, j
natural or artificial.
Sewage:" The water-carried waste products from ]
buildingsj public or private, together with such ground '
• water infiltration and surface water as may be present.
Temperature: A measure of heat content. Extreme I
temperatures primarily affect the aquatic life uses of
waters. While temperature is affected by natural j
conditions, man has a significant effect by the j
construction and operation of dams and the discharge of
cooling waters from industrial processes, particularly
power generation. j
Toxic Materials: Poisonous compounds which kill, injure
or impair an organism usually through chemical actions.
Examples of toxic materials are pesticides and many
heavy metals.
Warm- and Cold-Water Fish: Warm-water fish include
bass, sunfish, cat-fish, suckers, etc; cold water fish
include salmon, and trout, whitefish, smelts, shad, etc.
Waste: Unused, unwanted, or otherwise rejected matter.
30
New Jersey The following words and terms shall have the following 1
meanings unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. j
Agricultural Water Supply - Water used for livestock or i
irrigation. j
Ambient Temperature - The temperature of a water body
unaffected by the localized heated waste discharge or
discharge complex. '
Anadromous Fish - Fish that spend a part of their lives j
in the sea or lakes, but ascend .rivers to spawn. )
Aquatic Substrata - Soil material and attached biota t
underlying the water. I
Biota - The animal and plant life of the region; flora
and fauna collectively.
_ •£•.
Department - New Jersey Department of Environmental
Protection. \
Epilimnion - The upper warm region of a stratified body
of water which is freely circulation and extends from
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the surface to the thermocline and does not have a
permanent temperature stratification.
Eutrophic Lake - Lakes vith a good supply of nutrients;
they may support rich organic production, such as alga
blooms and are commonly deficient in dissolved oxygen
belov the thermocline when stratified.
Heat Dissipation Area - Localized area of surface water,
as may be designated by the Department,* into which
thermal effluents may be discharged for the purpose of
mixing, dispersing or dissipating such effluents without
creating nuisances or hazardous conditions.
Hypolimnion - The lower cold region of a stratified body
of water that extends from the thermocline to the bottom
of the lake and is cut off from circulation with the
upper waters, thereby receiving no oxygen from the
atmosphere while stratified.
Industrial Water Supply - Water used for processing and
cooling.
Mixing Areas - Localized areas of surface waters, as may
be designated by the Department, into which non-thermal
wastewater effluents may be discharged for the purpose
of mixing, dispersing or dissipating such effluents
without creating nuisances or hazardous conditions.
Natural Temperature - Temperature that would exist in a
waterway without the addition of heat of artificial
origin.
Nontrout Waters - Waters, that because of their physical
and/or chemical and/or biotic characteristics, are not
suitable for trout but which, in general, are suitable
for a wide variety of other fish species.
Primary Contact Recreation - Recreational activities
that involve significant ingestion risks and including,
but not limited to wading, swimming, diving, surfing,
and water skiing.
Secondary Contact Recreation _ Recreational activities
where the probability of significant contact or water
ingestion is minimal and including, but not limited to,
boating, fishing, and those other activities involving
limited contact with surface waters incident to
shoreline recreation.
Stream Temperature: Temperature of a stream outside of
the designated heat dissipation area.
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Surface Water Classifications Surface waters of, this
State identified as Fresh (FW),"Tidal (TV), and Coastal
(CW).. This ' includes both interstate and intrastate
waters.
Thermocline - The middle layer of a stratified body of
water in. which the drop in temperature equals or exceeds
1.8 degrees F (1 degree C) per meter of depth.
Thermal Alterations - The increase or decrease in
temperature of surface waters above or below the natural
that may be caused by the activities of man.
Trout Maintenance Waters - Waters that support trout
throughout the year or which have high potential for
such use pending the correction of short term
environmental alterations. Waters in which the biotic
community is manipulated for the purpose of trout
maintenance and which are otherwise not naturally suited
for such purposes are not included.
Trout Production Waters - Waters that are used by trout
for spawning and/or nursery purposes during their first
summer; or which are considered to have high potential
for such use pending the correction of short term
environmental alterations.
Wildlife - All undomesticated animals or fowl.
31
Nev Mexico • A. "Attainable use" means a use of a surface water of
the State which has water quality and all other
characteristics necessary to support and maintain the
use, as specified in Section 3-101 of these standards,
or which would support and maintain the use after the
implementation of water quality standards as specified
in Section 1-101.B of these standards.
B. "Coldwater Fishery" means a stream reach, lake or
impoundment where the water temperature and other
characteristics are suitable for the support of
coldwater fishes such as brown, cutthroat, brook,, or
rainbow trout.
C. "cfs" means cubic feet per second.
D. "Domestic Water Supply" means a surface water that
may be used for drinking or culinary purposes after
disinfection.
E. "Ephemeral stream" means a stream or reach of a
stream that flows briefly only in direct response to
precipitation or snowmelt in the immediate locality; its
channel bed is always above the water table of the
region adjoining the stream.
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P. "Fecal Coliform Bacteria" means the portion of the
coliform group vhich is present in the gut or the feces
of warmblooded animals. It generally includes organisms
vhich are capable of producing as from lactose broth in
a suitable culture medium within 24 hours at 44.5 + 0.2
C.
G. "Fish Culture" means production of coldwater or
warmwater fish in a hatchery or rearing station.
H. "Flow" relative to the four definitions of streams
herein means natural flov ensuing from the earth's
hydrologic cycle, i.e., atmospheric precipitation
resulting in surface and, or, ground-water runoff.
Natural, in-stream flow may be interrupted or eliminated
by dams and diversions, but natural flow cannot be
created artificially by point- source discharges of
wastewater.
I. "FTU" means formazin turbidity units (see "Standard
Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater").
J. "High Quality Coldwater Fishery" means a perennial
stream reach in a minimally disturbed conduit which has
considerable aesthetic value and is a superior coldwater
fishery habitat. A stream reach to be so categorized
must have water quality,, stream bed characteristics, and
other attributes of habitat sufficient to protect and
maintain a propagating coldwater fishery (i.e.,' a
population of reproducing salmonids).
K. "Intermittent stream" means a stream or reach of a
stream that flows only at certain times of the year,
such as when it receives flow from springs, melting
snow, or localized precipitation. Syn: temporary
stream; seasonal stream.
L. "Interrupted stream" means a stream that contains
perennial reaches with intervening intermittent or
ephemeral reaches. Ant: continuous stream.
M. "Interstate Waters" means all waters which cross or
form a part of the border between States.
N. "Intrastate Waters" means all waters of the State
which are not interstate waters.
0. "LC-50" means the concentration of a substance that
is lethal to 502 of the test organisms within a defined
time period.
P. "Limited Warmwater Fishery" means a stream reach
where intermittent flow may severely limit the ability
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.1
of the reach to sustain a natural fish population on a
continuous annual basis; or a stream where historical
data indicate that water temperature may exceed 32.2 C *}
(90 F). I
Q. "Limiting Nutrient" means the nutrient or combination ?i
of nutrients available in minimal quantities with
respect to the growth requirements of algae and higher
aquatic plants -and upon which the growth of these
organisms is therefore dependent. {
R. "Marginal Coldwater Fishery" means a stream reach,
lake or impoundment known to support a coldwater fish !
population during at least some portion of the year, 1
even though historical data indicates that the maximum
temperature in the stream may frequently exceed 20°C
(68°F).
S. "Milligrams per liter (mg/1)" means milligrams of
solute per liter of solution., equivalent to parts per !
million when the specific gravity of the solution - '
1.000.
T. "Perennial stream" means a stream or reach of a
stream that flows continuously throughout the year in
all years; its upper surface, generally, is lower than t
the water table of the region adjoining the stream. I
Syn: permanent stream; live stream.
•U. "Point source" means any discernible, confined, and
discrete conveyance from which pollutants are or may be
discharged into a water body, but does not include
return flows from irrigated agriculture.
V. "Primary Contact" means any recreational or other
water use in which there is prolonged and intimate >
contact with the water, such as swimming and water
skiing, involving considerable risk of ingesting water
in quantities sufficient to pose a significant health
hazard.
V. "Secondary Contact" means any recreational or other
water use |in which contact" with the water may occur and
in which the probability of ingesting appreciable
quantities of water is minimal, such as fishing, wading,
commercial and recreational boating and any limited
seasonal contact.
X. "Segment" means a water quality standards segment,
the surface waters of which have common hydrologic ^
characteristics or flow regulation regimes, possess ~>
common natural physical, chemical, and biological
characteristics, and exhibit common reactions to
external stresses, such as the discharge of pollutants.
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7. "TDS" means total dissolved solids.
Z. "Technology-based controls" means the application of
technology-based effluent limitations as required under
Section 301(b) of the Clean Water Act.
AA. "Total Inorganic Nitrogen" means the sum of nitrate
nitrogen, |nitrite nitrogen, and total ammonia nitrogen.
BB. "Warmwater Fishery" means a stream reach, lake or
impoundment vhere the vater temperature and other
characteristics are suitable for the (support of
varmvater fishes such as large-mouth black bass,
small-mouth black bass, crappie, vhite bass, bluegill,
flathead catfish, or channel catfish.
CC. "Water" means all water including water situated
wholly or partly within or bordering upon the state,
whether surface or subsurface public or private, except
private waters that do not combine with other surface or
subsurface water.
DD. "Vater contaminant" means any substance which alters
the physical, chemical or biological qualities of water.
EE. "Watercourse" means any river, creek, arroyo,
canyon, draw, or wash, or any other channel having
definite banks and beds with visible evidence of the
occasional flow of water. Syn: stream.
FF. "Water pollutant" means a water contaminant in such
quantity and of such duration as may with reasonable
probability inure human health, animal or plant life or
property, or to unreasonably interfere with the public
welfare or the use of property.
GG. "Water quality-based controls" means effluent
limitations, as provided under Section 301(b)(l)(C) of
the Clean Water Act, which are developed and imposed on
point-source dischargers in order to protect and
maintain applicable water quality standards. These
controls are more stringent than the technology-based
effluent limitations required under other paragraphs of
Section 301(b).
HE. Industrial water supply, municipal and industrial
water supply, livestock and wildlife watering,
irrigation storage, municipal and industrial water
storage are self explanatory and no definitions are
needed.
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32 ' '
Nev York (a) Commissioner shall mean the Commissioner of the
Department of Environmental Conservation.
(b) Administrator shall mean the Administrator of the
United States Environmental Protection Agency.
(c) Best usage of vaters as specified for each class
. shall, be those uses as determined by the commissioner
and the administrator in accordance vith the
considerations prescribed by the Environmental
Conservation Lav and Public Lav 92-500.
(d) Approved treatment as applied to vater supplies
shall mean treatnent accepted as satisfactory by the
authorities responsible for exercising supervision
over the sanitary quality of vater supplies.
(e) Source of vater supply for drinking, culinary or
food processing purposes shall mean any source, either
public or private, the vaters from vhich are used for
domestic consumption or used in connection vith the
processing of milk, beverages or foods. (When vater is
taken for public drinking, culinary or food processing
purposes, refer to Nev York State Department of Health
regulations 10 NYCKR 170)
(f) Primary contact recreation shall mean recreational
activities vhere the human body may come in direct
contact* vith rav vater to the point of complete body
submergence. Such uses include swimming, diving,
vater skiing, skin diving and surfing.
(g) Secondary contact recreation shall mean
recreational activities vhere contact vith the vater
is minimal and vhere ingestion of the vater is not
probable. Such uses include, but are not limited to,
fishing and boating.
(h) Saline surface vaters shall mean all vaters vhich
are so designated by the commissioner. ,
(i) International boundary vaters shall mean those
vaters to vhich the vater quality standards developed
and adopted pursuant to the Boundary Vater Treaty of
1909 and the Great Lakes Quality Agreement of 1972
apply.
(j) Sevage, industrial vaste and other wastes shall
have the meanings given in section 17-0105 of the
Environmental Conservation Law.
(k) Estuary shall mean the tidal portion of a river or
stream.
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North Carolina
33
(1) A thermal discharge is one which results or would
result in a temperature change of the receiving water.
(m) Heat of artificial origin shall mean all heat from
other than natural sources including, but not limited
to, cumulative effects of multiple and proximate
thermal discharges.
(n) Coastal waters shall mean those marine waters
within the territorial limits of the State other than
estuaries and enclosed bays. Long Island Sound is
designated as coastal waters for the purposes of
thermal discharges.
(o) Enclosed bays shall mean those marine waters
within the territorial limits of New York State, other
than coastal waters or estuaries, in which exchange of
sea water is severely limited by barrier beaches. For
the purposes of thermal discharges, the following are
designated as enclosed bays: Jamaica Bay, Hempstead
Bay, Great South Bay, Moriches Bay, Shinnecock Bay and
Mecox Bay.
(1) Source of water supply for drinking, culinary, or
food-processing purposes shall mean any source, either
public or private, the waters from which are used for
human consumption, or used in connection with the
processing of milk, beverages, food, or other purposes
which require water meeting the maximum contaminant
levels promulgated by the Environmental Protection
Agency pursuant to the Public Health Service Act, 42
U.S.C. 201 et seq., as amended by the Safe Drinking
Water Act, 42, U.S.C. 300 (f) et seq.
(2) Approved treatment, as applied to water supplies,
means treatment accepted as satisfactory by the health
authorities responsible for exercising supervision
over the sanitary quality of water supplies.
(3) Primary recreation shall include swimming, skin
diving, skiing, and similar uses involving human body
contact with water where such activities take place in
an organized or on a frequent basis.
(4) Secondary recreation shall include wading,
boating, other uses not involving human body contact
with water, and activities involving human body
contact with water where such activities take place on
an infrequent, unorganized, or incidental basis.
(5) Fishing shall include the propagation of fish and
other such aquatic life as is necessary to provide a
suitable environment for fish.
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(6) Shellfish culture shall include the use of waters
for the propagation, storage and gathering of oysters, 1
clams, and other shellfish for market purposes. I
(7) Agricultural shall include the use of waters for ~\
stock watering, irrigation, and other farm purposes j
but not as sources of water supply for drinking,
culinary, or food-processing purposes.
(8) Waste disposal shall include the use of waters for
the disposal of sewage, industrial waste, or other
waste after approved treatment. I
(9) Tidal Salt Waters shall mean all tidal waters
which are so designated by the Environmental \
Management commission and which generally have a {
natural chloride ion content in excess of 500 parts
per million.
(10) Swamp Waters shall mean those waters which are so
designated by the Environmental Management Commission
and which are topographically located so as to
generally have very low velocities and certain other
characteristics which are different from adjacent
streams draining steeper topography. \
(II) Offensive conditions shall be construed to mean
and include any.condition or conditions resulting from
the presence of sewage, industrial wastes, or other
wastes within the waters of the state of along the '
shorelines thereof which shall either directly or
indirectly cause foul or noxious odors, unsightly
conditions, or breeding of abnormally large quantities
of mosquitoes or other insect pests, or shall damage
private or public water supplies or other structures, j
result in the development of gases which destroy or I
damage surrounding property, herbage or grasses, or
which shall affect the health of any person residing
or working in the area.
I
(12) Mountain and upper piedmont waters shall mean all
the waters of the Hiwassee; Little Tennessee, |
including the Savannah River Drainage Area; French j
Broad, Broad, New and Watauga River Basin and those
portions of the Catawba River Basin above Lookout >
Shoals Dam and Che Yadkin River Basin above the
junction of the Forsyth, Yadkin and Davie County lines.
(13) Lower piedmont and coastal plain waters shall i
mean those waters of the Catawba River Basin below -'
Lookout Shoals Dam; the Yadkin River Basin below the
junction of the Forsyth, Yadkin, and Davie county 1
lines and all Che waters of Cape Fear; Lumber; i
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Roanoke: Neuse; Tar-Pamlico; Chowan; Pasquotank; and
White Oak River Basins, except tidal salt waters vhich
are assigned "S" classifications.
(14) Estuarine Waters shall mean those tidal salt
waters assigned "Sw classifications.
(15) B.est usage of waters as specified for each class
shall- be those uses as determined by the Environmental
Management Commission in accordance with the
provisions of "Article 21, Chapter 143, General
Statutes of North Carolina, as amended.
(16) Parts per million and parts per billion as used
herein shall be construed to mean milligrams per liter
(mg/1), and micrograms per liter (ug/1), respectively,
as defined in the latest edition of "Standard Methods
for the Examination of Water and Wastewater,"
published by the American Public Health Association,
American Water Works Association, and Water Pollution
Control Federation.
(17) Present waste treatment technology shall mean for
industrial wastewaters "Best Available Technology
Economically Available," or "New Source Performance
Standards" if applicable and more stringent, as
published in the Federal Register. Where such limits
have not been published or adopted they shall be
established in accordance with 15 NCAC 2B .0405 (c).
For municipal wastewater and other similar discharges
greater than 15,000 gpd, present waste treatment
technology shall be defined, for oxygen consuming
wastes, as follows:
Ammonia Nitrogen 2.0 mg/1 monthly average; 3.0 mg/1
weekly average
BOD 5.0 mg/1 monthly average; 7.5 mg/1 weekly average
For municipal wastewater and other similar discharges
equal to or less than 15,000 gpd, present waste
treatment technology shall be defined, for oxygen
consuming wastes, as follows:
BOD 30 mg/1 monthly average; 45 mg/1 weekly average
(18) 96-hour LC50 shall mean that concentrations of a
toxicant which is lethal (fatal) to 50 percent of the
organisms tested under the test conditions in a period
of 96 hours. The 96-hour LC50 concentration for toxic
materials shall be determined for a sensitive
indigenous species in water conditions characteristic
of the receiving waters by a review of existing
experimental data or, if deemed necessary, by the
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director of the division, by bioassays conducted by or )
in cooperation with the division.
(a) Be contained entirely on property owned (or I
controlled by easement) by the discharger (to be
demonstrated by the discharger).
(b) . Not contain natural waters except when such
waters occur in direct response to rainfall events by
ov«»rlanrJ -mmnff-
(c) Be so constructed or modified to minimize the
migration of fish into said channel.
Effluent channels shall be identified and designated
on a case-by-case basis prior to permit issuance.
(20) Division shall mean the Division of Environmental
Management or its successors.
3/
North Dakota 02.201 Water Usage - The best usage for the waters
shall be those uses determined to be the most
consistent with present and potential uses in
accordance with the economic and social development of
the area. Present principal best uses are those
defined in parts 1, 2, 3, and 4, of this Section but I
are not to be construed to be the only possible usages - J
permitted.
(1) Recreation, Fishing and Wildlife - Waters that are {
suitable for the propagation and/or support of fish
and other aquatic life; that will not adversely affect
wildlife in the area; and are suitable for boating and j
swimming.* . '
^Natural high turbidities in some waters and physical I
characteristics of banks and stream beds of many I
streams are factors that limit their values for
bathing. Low flows or natural physical and chemical \
conditions in some waters may limit their value for
fish propagation or aquatic life.
(2) Municipal and Domestic Water - Waters that are |
suitable for use as a source of water supply for J
drinking and culinary purposes after treatment to a
level approved by the State Health Department. j
(3) Industrial Water - Waters that are suitable for
industrial purposes, including food processing, after i
treatment. Treatment may include that necessary for \
prevention of boiler scale and corrosion.
(4) Agricultural Uses - Water suitable for irrigation, 1
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stock watering, and other agricultural uses, but not
suitable for use as a source of.domestic supply for
the farm unless satisfactory treatment is provided.
02.202 Pollution - Pollution shall mean such
contamination; or other alteration of the physical,
chemical, or biological properties, of any waters of
the State, including change in temperature, taste,
color, turbidity, or odor of the waters; or such
discharge of any liquid, gaseous, solid, radioactive,
or other substance into any waters of the State as
will or is likely to create a nuisance or render such
waters harmful, detrimental, or injurious to public
health, safety, or welfare, or to domestic,
commercial, industrial, agricultural, recreational, or
other legitimate beneficial uses, or to livestock,
wild animals, birds, fish, or other aquatic life.
Ohio 45-1-02 DEFINITIONS
(A) "Act" means the federal Water Pollution Control.
Act, as amended, 33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.
(B) "Ambient water temperature" means the spatial
(longitudinal, lateral and vertical) and temporal
water temperature measured in the receiving body
of water prior to a specific waste-heat discharge,
and is outside the influence of any thermal mixing
zone.
(C) "Application factor" means a numerical value which
modifies the LC5Q or other bioassay test and point
to take into account population condition,
duration, or end point differences. When the test
and point is modified by the application factor,
it provides the concentration of an effluent or
toxic substance that would be safe for aquatic
organisms in the waters of the State for the long
term.
(D) "Average temperature" represents the arithmetic
mean of multiple daily average temperatures over' a
consecutive 15- or 30-day period.
(E) "°C" means degrees(s) Celsius.
(F) "Coldwater fish" means those species of fish that
thrive in relatively cold water. These species
include, but are not limited to, salmon trout
(Salmonidae), and may include sculpins (Cottidae),
and certain minnow (Cyrpinidae) species.
(G) "Comprehensive Water Quality Report" means the use
attainability analysis performed by the Ohio
Environmental Protection Agency that includes
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biological and chemical water quality surveys of )
surface waters of the State, wasteload allocation
. modeling, and social and economic analyses of the
impact of pollution control. I
(H) "Confluence" , means the point where two or more
bodies of water flow together. *\
(I) "Criteria" mean elements of Water Quality
Standards, expressed as constituent
concentrations, levels, or narrative statements,
representing a quality of water that supports a
particular designated use.
(J) "Daily average temperature" means the arithmetic '
mean of multiple temperature measurements to be
taken at least once per hour during a 24-hour day. ]
(K) "Degradation" means a lowering of the existing
water quality in the surface waters of the State.
(L) "Designated use" means a use of the surface waters
of the State, established by the Water Quality
Standards, Chapter 3745-1 of the Administrative
Code.
(M) "Director" means the Director of the Ohio ]
Environmental Protection Agency. j
(N) "Discharge" means the addition of any pollutant to ,
the waters of the State from a point source.
(0) "Disease" means a condition which results in a
deviation of the body of an organism from its I
normal or healthy state. I
(P) "Dynamic bioassay" means a determination of the [
biological effect of a substance, factor or )
condition through the use of living organisms or
cells as the indicator in a continuous
flow-through system.
(Q) "Estuary" means the section of a Lake Erie
tributary near the mouth where tributary and Lake |
Erie waters mix. This area is characterized by J
flow reversals and seiche influences and is
generally located between the farthest downstream j
riffle of the tributary and Lake Erie proper. All J
tributaries of estuaries shall be considered
estuaries below the Lake Erie mean high water i
level. I
_i
(R) "Endangered species" means those aquatic species
of the State's biota which are threatened with 1
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statewide extirpation or national extinction, as
listed in Rule 1501:31-23-01 of the Administrative
Code or 50 CFR Part 17.
(S) "°F" means degree(s) Fahrenheit.
(T) "Fecal coliform" means the portion of the coliform
group of bacteria which is present in the
intestinal tract of varm-blooded animals, and is
evidence of the presence of human or animal wastes.
(U) "Geometric mean" means the Nth root of the product
of N quantities.
(V) "Lake Erie fish" means those species of fish that
inhabit Lake Erie. These species include, but are
not limited to, bass, crappies, and sunfish
(Centrarehidae), catfish (Ictaluridae), suckers
(Catostomidae), minnows (Cyprinidae), and perch,
walleye and darters (Percidae).
00 "LC50" means the median lethal concentration and
means the concentration of a test material in a
suitable diluent at which 50 percent of the
exposed organisms die in a specified period of
exposure. LC5Q is often used interchangeably with
median tolerance limit (TL ), which measures the
concentration at which 50 percent of the exposed
organisms survive.
(X) "Limited" means a designated use for a stream
which is not attaining its potential aquatic life
use.
(7) ."Long-term avoidance" means the permanent or
prolonged avoidance by a species population of an
area or habitat that was formerly inhabited by
that species population, but is absent or
significantly reduced in density and biomass as a
result of permanent limiting or unfavorable
environmental conditions.
(Z) "Maximum daily temperature" means the highest
temperature observed in a 24-hour day.
(AA) "MF" means membrane filter.
(BB) "Micrograms per liter ug/1" means the micrograms
of substance per liter of solution, and is 1/1000
of a milligram per liter.
(CC) "Milligrams per kilogram (rag/kg)" means the
milligrams of substance per kilogram of weight.
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1
(DD) "Milligrams per liter (mg/1)" means the milligrams '
of substance per liter of solution, and is
equivalent to parts per million, assuming unit ~]
density. /
(EE) "Mine drainage" means surface or groundyater *\
flowing through or from mines and mine sites. It 1
is usually characterized by concentrations of '
•••••-- acidity - or alkalinity, various heavy metals,
sulfates, and dissolved solids.
(FF) "Mixing zone" means an area of a water body
contiguous to a treated or untreated wastewater I
discharge. The discharge is in transit and /
progressively diluted from the source to the
receiving system. The mixing zone should be \
considered a place where wastewater and receiving
water mix and not as a place where wastes are
treated.
(GG) "MPN" means most probably number.
(HE) "Natural conditions" mean those conditions that
are measured outside the influence of man's
activities.
(II) "New source" means any point source for which
construction is commenced after January 1, 1985.
(JJ) "Non-persistent toxicant" means a toxic substance )
with a half-life less than 8 weeks, that is )
readily degraded in an aquatic system, and does
not have a tendency to bioaccumulate, biomagnify j
or bioconcentrate in organisms. ]
(KK) "Nonpoint source" means any sources of pollutants .
other than those defined as point sources. I
(LL) "Nursery areas" mean regions in a water body where
young or newly hatched organisms occur in I
relatively higher concentrations than surrounding I
areas.
(MM) "Persistent toxicant" means one which either: (1) j
by itself or as its toxic transformation product,
has a half-life for degradation under natural ,
environmental conditions of more than 8 weeks, or
(2) by itself or as its toxic transformation -*J
product, upon entering surface waters may
biomagnify, bioconcentrate or bioaccumulate |
through successive trophic levels in the biota of J
the receiving water.
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(NN) npH" means the negative logarithm of the hydrogen
ion activity concentrations vhen expressed as
moles per liter or pH - -log (H+).
(00) "Point source" means any discernible, confined or
discrete conveyance from which a pollutant is or
may be discharged to the surface waters of the
State.
(PP) "Pollutant" means sewage, industrial vaste or
other waste as defined by divisions (B) to (D) of
Section 6111.01 of the Revised Code.
(QQ) "Receiving waters" mean the surface waters of the
State into which point and nonpoint sources flow.
(RR) "Representative aquatic species" mean those
organisms, either natural or introduced, which
presently exist or have existed in the surface
waters of the State prior to July 1, 1977, with
the exception of those banned species outlined in
Rule 1501:31-19-01 of the Administrative Code. In
addition, it may include any species that are
legally introduced into the surface waters of the
State. Aquatic species designated as representa-
tive shall satisfy one or more of the following:
(1) Species which are particularly vulnerable to
the existing or proposed environmental impact
in question;
(2) Species which are commercially or
recreationally valuable;
(3) Species which are threatened, rare, or
endangered;
(4) Species which are critical to the structure
and function of the aquatic community;
(5) Species whose presence is causally related to
the existing or proposed environmental impact
under examination;
(6) Species that are potentially capable of
becoming localized nuisance species;
(7) Species that are representative of the
ecological, behavioral, and physiological
requirements and characteristics of species
determined in paragraphs (RR)(1) to (RR)(6) of
this rule, but which themselves may not be
representative; or
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)
(8) Species that the Director may designate for a -]
specific water body of the State which j
includes, but are not limited to, those
species listed in Table 11 of Rule 3745-1-07
of the Administrative Code. ' [
(SS) ^Seven-day, .. ten^year low flow (7Q10)" means the
minimum flow of a stream over a consecutive 7-day j
flow period which has a statistical frequency of i
recurrence of once in 10 years, based on methods
presented in "Low^-Flow Characteristics of Ohio ;
Streams," O.P. Johnson and K.D. Metzker, U.S.G.S. '
Report 81-1195, Columbus, Ohio, 1981.
(XT) "Spawning areas" mean regions in a water body, j
such as reefs, marshes, wetlands, backwaters, and •
riffles where fish or other aquatic organisms
spawn or breed in relatively higher concentrations j
than surrounding areas. j
(UU) "Static bioassay" means a determination of the ,
biological effect of a substance, factor or
condition employing living organisms or cells as
the indicator. In a static system, -test organisms
remain in the same test medium for the duration of
the test. _ '
(W) "Surface waters of the State" or "watercourses" j
mean all streams, publicly owned lakes and j
reservoirs, ponds, marshes, wetlands or other
waterways which are situated wholly or partially .
within the boundaries of the State, except those I
private waters which do not combine or effect a
junction with natural surface waters. Waters
defined as sewerage system, treatment works or (
disposal system in Section 6111.01 of the Revised '
Code are not included.
(W) "Thermal mixing zone" means that portion of, a |
water body into which waste heat is discharged and
assimilated, and within which the average and i
maximum daily average temperatures do not apply, 1
except as prescribed by these Rules. -''
(XX) "Toxic substances" mean any substances which can 1
cause death, disease, behavioral abnormalities, -J
cancer, genetic mutations, physiological or
reproductive malfunction or physical deformities }
in any organism or its offspring, or which can >
become poisonous after concentration in the food
chain or in combination with other substances. i
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(YY) "Tributary" means
body of vater.
a stream floving into a larger
(ZZ) "Use attainability analysis" means a structured
scientific assessment of the factors affecting the
attainment of the use vhich may include physical,
chemical, biological, and economic factors.
(AAA) "Warmvater fish" means those species of fish that
inhabit relatively warm vater. These species
include, but are not limited to, bass, crappies
and sunfish (Centrarchidae), and catfish
(Ictaluridae), and may include certain suckers
(Catostomidae), minnows (Cyprinidae), and perch
and darter (Percidae) species.
(BBB) "Waste heat discharge" means a point source
discharge through which excess heat is rejected
into the surface waters of the State.
(CCC) "Vater Quality Standards" means the Rules set
forth in Chapter 3745-1 of the Administrative Code
establishing stream use designations and water
quality criteria protective of such uses for the
surface waters of the State.
(ODD) "Wetlands" mean areas of land where the water
table is at, near or above the land surface long
enough each year to result in the formation of
characteristically wet (hydric) soil types, and
support the growth of water dependent
(hydrophytic) vegetation. Wetlands include, but
are not limited to, marshes, swamps, bogs, and
other such low-lying areas.
Oklahoma
36
Abatement -
pollution.
Reduction of the degree or intensity of
Allowable load - For perennial streams - the allowable
load for oxygen demanding substances shall be based on
attaining an instream D.O. of 5.0 mg/1 for warm waters
and 6.0 mg/1 for those waters designated as smallmouth
bass or trout fisheries, at and above the seven-day,
two-year low flow value.
For intermittent streams - the allowable loading for
oxygen demanding substances shall be based on
attaining an instream D.O. of 5.0 mg/1 at and above
1.0 cfs.
Alpha particle - A positively charged particle emitted
by certain radioactive materials. It is the least
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penetrating of three common types of radiation (alpha,
beta and gamma) and usually is not dangerous to
plants, animals, or humans.
Anti-degradation clause - A provision in water quality
lavs that prohibits deterioration of water quality in
areas where pollution levels are presently below those
allowed.
Assimilative capacity - The amount of pollution a
stream can receive and still rpcover without permanent
damage or alteration of beneficial uses.
Benthic macroinvertebrates - Invertebrate animals that
are large enough to be seen by the unaided eye and can
be retained by a U.S. Standard No. 30 sieve, and live
at least part of their life cycles within or upon
available substrates in a body of water or water
transport system.
Beta particle - A negatively charged elementary
particle emitted by radioactive decay that may cause
skin burns. It is easily stopped by a thin sheet of
metal.
Carcinogenic - Cancer producing.
Coliform group organisms (total coliform organisms) -
All of the aerobic and facultative anaerobic
gram-negative, non-spore-forming rod shaped bacteria
that ferment lactose broth with gas formation within
48 hours at 35°C.
Color - Color as used herein means true color as well
as apparent color. True color is the color of the
water from which turbidity has been removed. Apparent f
color includes not only the color due to substances in )
solution (true color), but also that color due to
suspended matter. . >
:• • )
Conservative element - A substance which persists in
the environment, having characteristics which are
resistant to ordinary biological degradation. 1
; »
Dissolved oxygen (DO) - The amount of oxygen dissolved
in water at any given time, depending upon the water ')
temperature, the partial pressure of oxygen in the j
atmosphere .in contact with the water, the
concentration of dissolved salts in the water, and the j
physical aeration of the water. ',
Epilimnion - The uppermost homothermal region of a
stratified lake.
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Eutrophication (natural) - The normally slow aging
process by which a lake evolves into a bog or marsh
and ultimately assumes a terrestrial state. During
eutrophication the lake becomes so rich in nutritive
compounds (especially nitrogen and phosphorus) that
algae and other microscopic plant life become
superabundant, thereby "choking" the lake, and causing
the lake to advance in serai stages.
Fecal coliform - A group of organisms common to the
intestinal tracts of man and of animals. The presence
of fecal coliform bacteria in water is an indicator of
pollution and of potentially dangerous bacterial
contamination.
Geometric mean - G - n B, X B. X ... B
m 1 z n
Where: n «. number of samples and ,B * the bacterial
count for n sample..
Intermittent stream - A stream or reach of a stream
that flows only at certain times of the year. In such
streams the runoff from the watershed is smaller than
the ground evaporation and seepage losses in the
ground.
Nephelometric turbidity (unit NTU) - This method is
based upon a comparison of the intensity of light
scattered by the sample under defined conditions vith
the intensity of light scattered by a standard
reference suspension (formazin). The higher the
intensity of scattered light, the higher the
turbidity. Readings in NTU's are considered
comparable to the previously reported Jackson
Turbidity Units (JTU).
Non-conservative element - A substance which undergoes
degradation or change in the environment other than
dilution.
t
Nonpoint source - A source of pollution without a well
defined point of origin.
Nutrients - Elements of compounds essential as raw
materials for organisms growth and development; these
include carbon, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus.
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's) - Polychlorinated
biphenyls, a group of organic compounds (206 possible)
which is constructed of two phenyl rings and more than
one chlorine atom.- PCB's are used as an electrical
insulating fluid in capacitors and transformers, and
in the manufacture of plastics.
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Perennial streams - A stream or reach of a stream that .
flows continuously throughout the year either due to ,\
watershed 'runoff or to inflow of the ground water to I
the stream.
Picocurie (pCi) - That quantity of radioactive 1
material producing 2.22 nuclear transformations per '
minute.
Point source - Any discernible, confined and discrete |
conveyance, including, but not limited to, any pipe,
ditch, channel, tunnel, well, discrete fissure, >
container, rolling stock or concentrated animal 1
feeding operation from which pollutants are or may be '
discharged. This term does not include return flows
from irrigated agriculture.
Pollution - Contamination or other alteration of the
physical, chemical or biological properties of any
natural waters of the State, or such discharge of any
liquid, gaseous or solid substance into any waters of
the State as will or is likely to create a nuisance or
render such waters harmful or detrimental or injurious
to public health, safety or welfare, or to domestic,
commercial, industrial, agricultural, recreational, or
other legitimate beneficial uses, or to livestock,
wild animals, birds, fish or other aquatic life. (82
O.S. Supp. 1976 ss926.1 (1))
Salinity - The degree of salt in water.
Sample standard - The arithmetic mean of historical
data plus two standard deviations of the mean.
Seven-day, two-year low flow - A seven-day, two-year
low flow is specified as the design flow for
determining allowable discharge load to a stream. The
flow is calculated as a moving average of seven
consecutive days for each year in a given record.
These seven-day low flow values are ranked 'in
ascending order. An order number (m) is calculated
based upon the number of years record (n), with a
recurrence interval (R) of two years, as m » (n-l)/R,
where R « two years. A value of flow corresponding to
the m order is taken as the seven-day, two-year low
flow for that historical data.
Standard deviation - A statistical measure of the
dispersion around the arithmetic mean of the data.
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Similarity index -
Where:
S-2C/A+B A - No. of species in the sample at
upstream station
B = No of species
in the sample at
downstream station
C » No of species
common to both A and B
Synergistic effect - Indicates the presence of
cooperative pollutant action such that the total
effect is greater than the sum of the effects of each
pollutant taken individually.
LC50 - Lethal Concentration - the concentration of a
toxicant in an external medium that is lethal to fifty
percent of the test animals for a specified period of
exposure.
Thermal pollution - Degradation of water quality by
the introduction of heated effluent.- Primarily a
result of the discharge of the cooling waters from
industrial processes particularly from electrical
power generation.
Thermal stratification - Horizontal layers of
different densities produced in a lake due to
temperature.
Wastes - Industrial waste and all other liquid,
gaseous or solid substances which may pollute or tend
to pollute any waters of the State. (82 O.S. Supp.
1976, ss926.1 (2))
Waters of the State - All streams, lakes, ponds,
marshes, watercourses, waterways, wells, springs,
irrigation systems, drainage systems, and all other
bodies or accumulations of water, surface and
underground, natural or artificial, public or private,
which are contained within, flow through, or border
upon this State or any portion thereof, except
privately owned reservoirs used in the process of
cooling water for industrial purposes, provided that
water released from any such reservoir into a stream
system of the State shall be and become waters of the
State. (82 O.S. supp. 1976, ss926.1 (6)).
Yearly mean standard - The arithmetic mean of
historical data plus one standard deviation of the
mean.
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Oregon37 Applicable to all basins unless context requires ,
otherwise: I
A. "BOD" means 5-day 20°C. Biochemical Oxygen Demand.
1
B. "DEQ" or "Department" means the Oregon State }
•Department of Environmental Quality.
C. "DO" means Dissolved Oxygen. [
D. "EQC" means the Oregon State Environmental Quality
Commission. 1
E. "Estuarine waters" means all mixed fresh and
oceanic waters in estuaries or bays from the point of j
oceanic water intrusion inland to a line connecting (
the outermost points of the headlands or protective
jetties. 1
F. "Industrial waste" means any liquid, gaseous,
radioactive or solid waste substance or a combination
thereof resulting from any process of industry, (
manufacturing, trade or business, or from the •
development or recovery of any natural resources.
G. "Marine waters" means all oceanic, offshore waters 1
outside of estuaries or l bays and within the
territorial limits of the State 'of Oregon. \
H. "mg/1" means milligrams per liter.
I. "Pollution" means such contamination or other
alteration of the physical, chemical or biological
properties of any waters of the state, including
change in temperature, taste, color, turbidity, silt
or odor of the waters, or such radioactive or other
substance into any waters of the state which either by
itself or in connection with any other substance
present, will or can reasonably be expected to crea,te
a public nuisance or render such waters harmful,
detrimental or injurious to public health, safety or
welfare, or to domestic, commercial, industrial,
agricultural, recreational or other legitimate
beneficial uses or to livestock, wildlife, fish or
other aquatic life or the habitat thereof.
J. "Public water" means the same as "waters of the
state". . )
K. "Sewage" means the water-carried human or animal
waste from residences, buildings, industrial
establishments 01: other places together with such \
groundwater infiltration and surface water as may be '
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present. The admixture with sewage as herein defined
of industrial wastes or wastes, as defined in
subsections (F) and (M) of this sections, shall also
be considered "sewage" within the meaning of this
division.
L. "SS" means Suspended Solids.
M. "Wastes" means sewage, industrial wastes, and all
---•other--liquid, -gaseous, -solid, radioactive, or other
substances which will or may cause pollution or tend
to cause pollution of any water of the state.
N. "Vaters of the state" include lakes, bays, ponds,
impounding reservoirs, springs, wells, rivers,
streams, creeks, estuaries, marshes, inlets, canals,
the Pacific Ocean within the territorial limits of the
State of Oregon and all other bodies of surface or
underground waters, natural or artificial, inland or
coastal, fresh or salt, public or private (except
those private waters which do not combine or effect a
junction with natural surface or underground waters),
which are wholly or partially within or bordering the
state or within its jurisdiction.
0. "Low Flow Period" 'means the flows in a stream
resulting from primarily groundwater discharge or
baseflows augmented from lakes and storage projects
during the driest period of the year. The dry weather
period varies across the state according to climate
and topography. Wherever the Low Flow Period is
indicated in the Water Quality Management Plans, this
period has been approximated by the inclusive months.
Where applicable in a waste discharge permit, the Low
Flow Period may be further defined.
P. "Secondary Treatment as the following context may
require for:
1. "Sewage wastes" means the minimum level of
treatment mandated by EPA regulations pursuant to
Public Law 92-500.
2. "Industrial and other waste sources" imply
control equivalent to Best Practicable Treatment (BPT).
38
Pennsylvania Ambient stream concentration - The range in
concentration or level of a water quality parameter
which would be expected to occur in the absence of
human activities. The value is normally determined
from quality measurements of waters that are not
affected by waste discharges or other human activities.
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Ambient temperature - The temperature of the vater
body upstream or outside of the influence of a heated
vaste discharge or vaste discharge complex. The
ambient temperature sampling point should be
unaffected by any sources of vaste heat.
Application factor - The ratio of the safe
•concentration to the 96-hour LC50 concentration vhich
is assumed to be constant for related groups of
chemicals and is multiplied by an LC50 value in order
to produce the estimated safe concentration of a
pollutant necessary to protect the balanced indigenous
community in the receiving body of vater.
Balanced indigenous aquatic community - A group of
populations occupying a common area vhich consists of
desirable species of fish, shellfish, and other
vildlife, including the biota of other trophic levels
vhich are necessary as part of the food chain or
otherwise ecologically important to the maintenance of
these populations.
Carcinogenic - Producing cancer.
Clean Streams Lav - The Clean Streams Lav (35 P.S. ss
ss 691.1-691.1001).
Clean Vater Act - 33 U.S.C. ss 1251 et seq.
Cumulative pollutant - A pollutant vhich is measurably
increased in concentration vithin aquatic organisms
relative to concentrations in the receiving vaters.
Daily average - the arithmetic average of all
determinations made during a calendar month.
Daily determination - The arithmetic average of all
determinations made during a 24-hour period.
Department - The Department of Environmental Resources
of the Commonvealth.
Effluent limits - Any restriction established by the
Department on quantities, rates, and concentrations of
pollutants vhich, are discharged into the vaters of
this Commonvealth.
Epilimnion - Warm upper layer of nearly uniform
temperature in a stratified body of water, such as a
lake or impoundment.
Existing potable vater supply - A source of vater
supply vhich is presently being used by humans after
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conventional treatment for drinking, culinary' and
other purposes, such as inclusion in food products.
Existing sensitive industrial vater supply - An
existing industrial water supply use which would
require, installation of additional water treatment by
the industrial user in the event that the total
dissolved solids concentration instrearn exceeds 500
mg/1 "as a monthly average and 750 mg/1 at any one time.
LC50 value - The concentration of a pollutant in test
waters that is lethal to 502 of the test organisms
during continuous exposure for a specified period of
time.
Maximum allowable daily load (MDL) - The maximum
amount of a pollutant from point and nonpoint sources
which the receiving waters can assimilate at the
accepted design stream flow without endangering the
achievement of water quality standards.
Mutagenic - Producing adverse changes in the genes.
Noncumulative pollutant - A pollutant which is not
measurably increased in concentration within aquatic
organisms relative to concentrations in the receiving
waters.
Osmotic pressure - The pressure which, when applied to
a solution, will just prevent the passage of solvent -
usually water - from an area of low solute
concentration through a semipermeable membrane to an
area of high solute concentration.
Representative important species - Those species of
aquatic life whose protection and propagation will
assure the sustained presence of a balanced indigenous
community. Such species are representative in the
sense that maintenance of water quality criteria will
assure both the natural completion of the species'
life cycles and the overall protection and sustained
propagation of the balanced indigenous community.
Self concentration value - An estimated pollutant
concentration as may be determined by the Department
from relevant aquatic field studies, substantial
available scientific literature, or bioassay tests
tailored to the ambient quality of the receiving
waters which will allow the survival of representative
important species that have been chronically exposed
to the concentration in the receiving waters.
State water plan - The reports, studies, inventories
and plans prepared by the Department to guide the
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conservation, development and administration of the
Commonwealth's water and related land resources as
authorized by 71 P ss 510-4.
Tetratogenic - Producing monstrosities, malformations,
or extreme deviations from the normal structure of
life forms.
Testwater - A receiving vater directly upstream from a
waste discharge which is relatively unaffected by
human activities, or a reconstituted water which
approximates the ambient chemical characteristics of
these receiving waters.
Water-quality-based effluent limitations - An effluent
limitation based on the need to attain or maintain
specific water quality criteria in order to assure
protection of a designated use.
Water quality criteria - Levels of parameters or
stream conditions that need to be maintained or
attained to prevent: or eliminate pollution.
Water quality standards - The combination of water
uses to be protected and the water quality criteria
necessary to protect those uses.
39
Rhode Island "administrator' shall mean the administrator of the
United States Environmental Protection Agency or his
designee. *
"bypass" shall mean the intentional diversion of
wastes from any portion of a Wastewater Treatment
Facility.
"cause" shall mean cause, suffer, or allow.
"CWA" shall mean Che Federal Clean Water Act (formerly
referred to as Che Federal Water Pollution Control
Act , Pub L. 92-500, as amended by Pub. L. 95-217 atad
PubT L. 95-576, 33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.
"depuration" shall mean the transplantation or
artificial holding of shellfish for purification
purposes.
"director" shall mean the director of the department
of environmental management or any subordinate or
subordinates to whom he has delegated the powers and
duties vested in him by these regulations.
"discharge" shall mean cause sewage or other waste,
unless a more specific waste is indicated, to be
discharged, deposited, dumped, spilled or leaked into
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any waters of the State or to be placed in a location
where the director determines it is likely to enter
any waters of the State.
"effluent limited waters" shall be as defined in
paragraph 9.011 of these regulations.
"effluent. limitations" shall mean any restriction
imposed by these regulations or the director pursuant
to these regulations on quality, rates and
concentrations of pollutants which are discharged from
point* sources into any waters of the State.
"EPA" shall mean the United States Environmental
Protection Agency.
"ESB" shall mean the Environmental Standards Board
established by Chapter 42-17.3 of the General laws of
Rhode Island of 1956, as amended.
"fresh water" shall mean those waters of the State
which are not sea water.
"hazardous waste" shall be defined pursuant to Chapter
23-46.2 of the General Laws of Rhode Island of 1956,
as amended, and regulations adopted pursuant
thereunder.
"high quality waters" shall mean water whose quality
is higher than the water quality criteria for the
water's designated class, but which does not meet all
the water quality criteria for a higher class.
"low quality waters" shall mean waters which do not
meet their designated water quality standards.
"margin of safety" shall mean a requirement in
addition to specific requirements of these regulations
which the director deems necessary to protect the
public health and safety and the environment.
"marina" shall mean any facility, public or private,
at which vessels are docked or moored.
"new discharges" shall mean discharges for which the
director had not issued an order of approval on or
before the effective date of these regulations.
"NPDES" or National Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System shall mean the national program for issuing,
modifying, revoking and reissuing, terminating,
monitoring, and enforcing permits pursuant to Sections
402,318, and 405 of the Clean Vater Act.
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"other waste' shall mean chemicals, acids, dye-stuff,
starch, coloring matter, oil and tar, radio-active
substances, and any compound, solution, mixture of
product thereof, and every substance which may be
injurious to public health or comfort, or which would
injuriously affect the natural and healthy
propagation, growth, or development of any fish or
shellfish in any waters of the State, or the
•nourishment of the same, or which would injuriously
affect the flavor taste, or value as food of any such
fish or shellfish; or which would defile said waters
or injure or defile any vessel, boat, wharf, pier, or
any public or private property upon, in or under said
waters, or any shore thereof.
"person" shall mean an individual, trust, firm, joint
stock company, corporation (including a government
corporation), partnership, association, state,
municipality, commission, political subdivision of a
state, or any interstate body.
"pollution" shall mean
sewage or other waste
State in
connection
discharged,
properties,
change in
the entrance or discharge of
into any of the waters of the
such quantity, either by itself or in
with other sewage or other waste so
as to alter the physical or chemical
or biology, of said waters, including
temperature, taste, color, turbidity or
odor, and to cause or be likely to cause damage to the
public, or to any person having a right to use said
waters for boating, fishing or other purposes, or
owning property in^ under or bordering upon the same.
"POTV" or Publicly Owned Treatment Works shall mean a
treatment works which is owned by the State or a
municipality, or other public authority.
"schedule of compliance" shall mean a schedule of
remedial measures including an enforceable sequence of
interim requirements leading to compliance wi£h
applicable water quality standards, effluent
limitations, or orders of the director.
"sea water" shall mean
rise and fall of the tide.
those waters subject to the
"severe property damage" shall mean substantial
physical damage to property, damage to the treatment
facilities which would cause them to become inoperable
or substantial and permanent loss of natural resources
which can reasonably be expected to occur in the
absence of a bypass. Severe property damage does not
mean economic loss caused by delays in production.
J
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n shall mean any human or"animal excremental
substance, any decomposed animal or
"sewage
liquid or m r
vegetable matter, garbage, offal, filth, or wasteT
South Carolina40
"storm vater sewer" shall mean a conveyance or system
of conveyances (including, but not limited to pipes,
conduits, ditches, and channels) primarily used 'for
collecting and conveying storm water runoff
"surface water degradation; degradation" shall mean
reduction in attained or attainable levels of one or
more water quality criteria.
"system or means of wastewater treatment" or
"treatment works" shall mean any method, devices or
system for preventing, abating, reducing, storing,
treating, separating, recycling, reclaiming or
disposing of sewage or other waste, including storm
water runoff and sewage or other waste in combined
storm water and sanitary sewer systems.
"treatment works" include intercepting sewers, outfall
sewers, sewage collection systems and the land that
will be an integral part of the treatment process
(including land use for the storage of treated
wastewater in land treatment systems prior to land
application) or is used for' ultimate disposal of
residue resulting from-such treatment.
Wastewater Treatment Facilities include pumping,
power, and other equipment and their appurtenances,
and elements essential to provide a reliable recycled
supply such as standby treatment units and clear well
facilities.
"water quality limited waters" shall be as defined in
paragraph 9.012 of these regulations.
"waters of the State" or "Waters" shall mean ajLl
surface waters of the State of Rhode Island, including
all tidewaters within the State and all inland waters
of any river, stream, brook, pond or lake.
The definition of any word or phrase employed in
Section C., D., or E. of this regulation shall be the
same as given in the South Carolina Pollution Control
Act, 48-1-10, et seq, S.C. Code of Laws, 1976
hereafter referred to as the Act. Words or phrases
which are not defined in the Act are defined as
follows:
(1) Agricultural includes use of water for stock
watering irrigation, and other farm purposes.
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(2) Aquifer means a geologic formation, group of
, formations, or part of a formation that contains
sufficient saturated permeable material to yield
significant quantities of ground water to wells
or springs.
(3) Best management practice (BMP) means a practice
or combination of practices that are the most
•effective, practical ways of controlling or
abating nonpoint source pollution.
(4) Buffer zones means areas in Class SA waters
where the gathering of clams, mussels, or
oysters is prohibited due to potential public
health safety problems.
(5) Classified uses means those uses specified in
Section E. of this regulation as applied to
specific waters, whether or not those uses are
being attained.
(6) Conventional treatment as applying to potable
water supplies means treatment including at
least flocculation, sedimentation, filtration,
• and disinfection.
(7) Daily average, as used in this regulation, means
the average "of all samples taken during any
24-hour period.
(8) Deleterious substances means those substances
which in sufficient concentrations or levels
have a harmful effect on water uses.
(9) Ephemeral Streams means streams that flow only
in direct response to rainfall or snowmelt and
in which discrete periods of flow persist no
more than 29 consecutive days per event.
\
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(10) Existing uses means those uses actually being
attained in or on the water, on or after
November 28, 1975, regardless of the classified
uses.
(11) Fishing means the taking, harvesting, or
catching of fish or shellfish for human
consumption.
(12) Ground water means water below the land surface
in a zone of saturation.
(13) Intermittent Streams means streams that
generally have defined natural watercourses
which do not flow year round, but flow beyond
periods of rainfall or snowmelt.
(14) Median tolerance limit means the concentration
of a test material at which just 50 percent of
the test animals are able to survive under test
conditions for a specified period of exposure.
(15) Mixing zone means:
(a) for surface waters, a region-of water below
an outlet where the physical mixing of a
discharge occurs in all directions until the
constituents in the discharge have achieved
uniform • concentrations in the receiving
water, and
(b) for ground waters, a hydrogeologically
controlled three-dimensional flow path
within an aquifer which constitutes the
pathway for waste constituents to migrate
from a source.
(16) Natural conditions means those water quality
conditions unaffected by point and nonpoint
sources or other sources of pollution.
(17) Outstanding recreational or ecological resource
waters means waters which are of exceptional
recreational or ecological importance. Such
waters may include, but are not limited to:
waters in national or state parks or wildlife
refuges; waters supporting threatened or
endangered species; waters under the National
Wild and Scenic Rivers Act or South Carolina
Scenic Rivers Act; waters known to be
significant nursery areas for commercially
important species or known to contain
significant commercial or public shell-fish
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resources; or waters used for or having
significant value for scientific research and
study. Such waters may be protected using
Classes AA or SAA.
(18) Primary contact recreation means any activity
with the intended purpose of direct water
contact by the human body to the point of
complete submergence, including but not limited
to swimming, water skiing, and skin diving.
(19) Propagation means the continuance of species by
reproduction in the natural environment, as
opposed to the maintenance of species by
artificial culture and stocking.
(20) Public water system means any public or
privately owned waterworks system which provides
drinking water for human consumption, except
those serving a single private residence or
dwelling.
(21) Recharge area means an area where an aquifer is
poorly confined, is under water table
conditions, and has a downward component of flow
near the water table.
.(22) Secondary contact recreation means any activity
occurring on or near the water which does not
have an intended purpose of direct water contact
by the human body to the point of complete
submergence, , including but not limited to
fishing, boating, canoeing, and wading.
(23) Source for drinking water supply means any
source of surface water which is used for
domestic consumption, or used in connection with
the processing of milk, beverages, food, or for
other purposes which requires finished water
meeting regulations [40 CFR Part 141 and 40 CFR
Part 143] established pursuant to the Safe
Drinking Water Act (Public Law 93-523, 95-190)
applicable to public water systems.
(24) Tidal saltvaters means those waters whose
elevation is subject to changes due to oceanic
tides and which have chloride ion content in
excess of 250 milligrams per 'liter (mg/1)
(salinity =0.48 o/oo).
(25) Toxic wastes means those wastes or combinations
of wastes * including disease-causing agents
which, after discharge and upon exposure,
ingestion, inhalation, or assimilation into any
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organism, either directly from the environment
or directly by ingestion through food chains,
may cause death, disease, behavioral
abnormalities, cancer, genetic mutations,
physiological malfunctions (including
malfunctions in reproduction), physical
deformations, or restrict or impair growth in
such organisms or their offspring.
(26) Underground source of drinking water (USDW)
means an aquifer or its portion:
1) Which supplies any public water system; or
2) Vhich contains a sufficient quantity of
ground water to supply a public water
system; and,
(a) Currently supplies drinking water for
human consumption; or
(b) Contains water with fewer than ten
thousand milligrams per liter total
dissolved solids.
(27) Water table means that level below the land
surface at which all the voids are filled with
water at a pressure equal to atmospheric.
(28) Weekly average means the average of all samples
taken during any consecutive seven-day period.
South Dakota (1) "Administrator" the administrator of the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency:
(1A) "Ammonia Toxicity," Ammonia Toxicity by William
T. Willingham, Control Technology Branch, Water
Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Region VII, (February, 1976) 4
(2) Bioassay test any test in which organisms are
used to detect or measure the presence or effect of
one or more substances or conditions
(3) "Degree C" degrees centigrade, a measure of
temperature
(4) "Cold water marginal fish life propagation" a
type of. beneficial use assigned to waters which are
suitable for supporting stockings -of catchable size
trout during portions of the year, but due to low
flows, siltation, and warm temperature, are not
suitable for permanent cold water fish population
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.. t
(5) "Cold water : permanent fish life propagation" a
type of beneficial use assigned to waters which are
capable of supporting a permanent trout fishery from 1
natural reproduction of fingerling stocking J
(6) "Commerce and industry" a type of beneficial use ->
assigned to waters which are suitable for use as j
cooling water, industrial process water, navigation,
and production of hydroelectric power ,
(7) "Criteria" a numerical value which defines the
acceptable limits of a parameter
(8) "Domestic water supply" a type of beneficial use )
assigned to waters which are suitable for human
consumption, culinary or food processing purposes, >
and other household purposes after suitable treatment ;
by conventional processes
(9) "Eight hour composited sample" a sample composed [
of eight grab samples taken at one hour intervals, '
the volume of each sample proportioned to flow, and
physically mixed prior to analysis
(10) "E.P.A. methods" Methods for Chemical Analysis
of Waters and Wastes, 1971, Environmental Protection j
Agency, analytical quality control laboratory j
(11) "Degrees F" degrees Fahrenheit, a measure of
temperature
(12) "Handbook f}9" Maximum Permissible Body Burdens
and Maximum Permissible Concentrations of j
Radionuclides in Air and in Water for Occupational |
Exposure, recommendations of the national committee
on radiation protection. National Bureau of >
Standards handbook 69 (August 1963) )
(13) "Immersion recreation" a beneficial use assigned
to waters which are suitable for uses where the human
body may come in direct contact with the water, to '
the point of complete submersion and where water may
be ingested accidentally or certain sensitive organs j
such as the eyes, ears, and nose may be exposed to it (:
(14) "Irrigation" a beneficial use assigned to waters ..
which are suitable for irrigating farm lands, ranch j^
lands, gardens and recreational areas
(15) "J.C.U.," jackson candle unit,, a measure of |
turbidity
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(16) "Lake" a navigable lake, pond, or reservoir,
created by either natural or artificial means, for
which there exists a right of public access or use;
(17) "Limited contact recreation" a beneficial use
assigned waters which are suitable for boating,
fishing and other water related recreation other than
immersion recreation
(18) "Median tolerance limit" the concentration of a
toxic Material~or materials which kills fifty percent
of bioassay test organisms in ninety-six hours
(19) "M.F." membrane filter, a term used to signify
that the number of bacteria was determined by means
of the membrane filter technique
(20) "mg/1" milligrams per liter, a measure of
concentration
(21) "micromhos/cm" micromhos per centimeter, a
measure of electrical conductivity
(22) "Mixing zone" that volume of water immediately
surrounding a discharge which does not meet water
quality criteria because of a lack of mixing of the
discharge and stream or lake waters
(23) "MPN" most probably number, a term used to
signify that.'the number of bacteria was determined by
means of the multiple-tube fermentation technique
(24) "Parameter" a chemical, physical or biological
characteristic which affects the use of the water
(25) "PCi/1" picocuries per liter, a measure of
radioactive concentration
(26) "Secretary" the secretary of the South Dakota
Department of Environmental Protection
/
(27) "Segment" a continuous stretch of water found
between two points in the bed of a stream
(28) "Spawning bed" any place where fish spawn
(29) "Standard Methods" Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and tfastewater, Fourteenth
edition, American Public Health Association et al.
(1975)
(30) "Stream" a navigable river, creek, or tributary
of such river or creek
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(31) "Twenty-four hour composited sample" a sample I
composed of tventy-four grab samples taken at one
hour intervals, the volume of each sample -j
proportioned to flow, and physically mixed prior to I
analysis
"*}
(32) "Warm water marginal fish life propagation" a j
beneficial use assigned to lakes and streams which
• will . support- more tolerant species of fish with
frequent stocking and intensive management but suffer I
frequent fish kills because of critical natural I
conditions
(33) "Warm water permanent fish life propagation" a [
beneficial use assigned to lakes and streams which
are suitable for the permanent maintenance of warm
water fish including walleyes, black bass, perch, I
channel catfish, northern pike, and bluegills '
(34) "Warm water semipermanent fish life propagation \
waters" a beneficial use assigned to lakes and j
streams which are suitable for the maintenance of
warm water fish but which suffer occasional fish j
kills because of critical natural conditions. j
Species found in these waters includes walleyes,
perch, black bass, northern pike, and channel catfish
(35) "Wildlife -propagation and stock watering" a ~ '
beneficial use assigned to streams and lakes which
are satisfactory as habitat for aquatic and j
semi-aquatic wild animals and fowl and are of - j
suitable quality for watering domestic and vild
animals >
42
Tennessee (1) Conventional Water Treatment - Conventional water
treatment as referred to in the criteria denotes
coagulation, sedimentation, filtration or chlorination. j
!•
(2) Mixing Zone - Mixing zone refers to that section
of a flowing stream or impounded waters in the I
immediate vicinity of an outfall where an effluent )
becomes dispersed and mixed. Such zones shall be
restricted in area and length and shall not (i) <
prevent the free passage of fish or cause aquatic life I
mortality in the receiving waters; (ii) contain
materials in concentrations that exceed recognized
acute toxicity levels for biota significant to the
aquatic community in the receiving waters; (iii) ~*
result in offensive conditions; (iv) produce
undesirable aquatic life or result in dominance of a \
nuisance species; (v) endanger the public health or >
welfare; or (vi) adversely affect the reasonable and
necessary uses of the area; (vii) create a condition v
of chronic toxicity beyond the edge of the mixing 1
-------
zone; and (viii) adversely affect nursery and spawning
areas. .• ,
(3) Wet Weather Conveyance - Wet weather conveyances
are natural watercourses, including natural
watercourses that have been modified by
channelization, that flow only in direct response to
precipitation in their immediate locality and whose
channels are above the groundwater table and which do
.not support fish or aquatic life and are not suitable
for drinking water supplies. Statutory Authority:
T.C.A. Section 4-5-202, T.C.A. Section 69-3-105.
(4) Terminology not specifically defined herein shall
be defined in accordance with the Tennessee Water
Quality Control Act, (T.C.A. Sections 69-3-101, et
seq.).
Texas43 §307.3. DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS.
(1) Acute toxicity - Toxicity which exerts short-term
lethal impacts on representative, sensitive organisms.
The duration of exposure applicable to acute toxicity
is normally 96 hours or less. (Direct thermal impacts
are excluded from definitions of toxicity).
(2) Ambient - The natural conditions that would be
expected to occur in waters unaffected or not
influenced by the activities of man.
(3) Best management practice - A practice or
combination of practices determined to be the most
practicable means of preventing or reducing, to a
level compatible with water quality goals, the amount
of pollution generated by nonpoint sources.
(4) Bioaccumulative toxic - A toxic substance which
has a tendency to accumulate in organisms.
(5) Chronic toxicity - Toxicity which exerts sub-
lethal negative effects such as growth impairment and
reduced reproduction, or which exerts lethality after
long-term exposure, on representative , sensitive
organisms.
(6) Commission - The Texas Water Commission.
(7) Contact recreation - Recreational activities
involving a significant risk of ingestion of water,
including wading by children, swimming, water skiing,
diving, and surfing.
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(8) Continuing planning process - A document that >
describes the state's planning and management process
and procedures for making vater quality decisions 1
required by §303(ft) of the Clean Water Act (33 United j
States Code 1313).
(9) Criteria - Vater quality conditions which are to I
be met in order to support and protect desired uses.
(10) Critical low-flow - Lov-flov condition (e.g.,
702 flow) belov which some standards do not apply.
The impacts of permitted discharges are analyzed at
critical low-flow.
(11) Discharge permit - A permit issued by the state
to discharge effluent into waters of the state.
(12) EC50 - The concentration of a toxicant that
produces sub-lethal impacts on 5QZ of the organisms
tested in a specified time period. \
(13) Effluent - Wastewater discharged from any point
source prior to entering a water body. "i
(14) Epilimnion - The upper mixed layer of a lake
(including impoundments, ponds, and reservoirs). '
(15) Fecal coliform - That portion of the coliform
bacteria group which is present in the intestinal v
tracts and faces of warm-blooded animals. /
i
(16) Freshwaters - Inland waters which exhibit no
measurable elevation changes due to normal tides. |
(17) Halocline - A vertical gradient in salinity
under conditions of density stratification that is j
usually recognized as the point where salinity j
exhibits the greatest difference in the vertical
direction.
(18) Intermittent stream - A stream which has'a i
period of zero flow for at least one week during most
years. Where flow records are available, a stream \
with a 7Q2 flow of less than 0.1 fts/s is considered {
intermittent. Streams with perennial pools which
create significant aquatic life uses are not
intermittent.
(19) LC50 - The concentration of a toxicant that is
lethal (fatal) to 50% of the organisms tested in a
specified time period.
(20) Marine waters - Waters which have measurable
elevation changes due to normal tides. Marine waters
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are considered to be saltwater for purposes of
standards application.
(21) Mixing zone - The area contiguous to a discharge
where mixing with receiving waters takes place and
which may not meet certain criteria applicable to the
receiving water.
(22) . Noncontact recreation - Recreational pursuits
not involving a -significant risk of water ingestion,
including fishing, commercial and recreational
boating, and limited body contact incidental to
shoreline activity.
(23) Nonpersistent toxic - A toxic substance that
readily degrades in the aquatic environment, exhibits
a half-life of less than 96 hours, and does not have a
tendency to accumulate in organisms.
(24) Oyster waters - Waters producing edible species
of clams, oysters, or mussels.
(25) Persistent toxic - A toxic substance that is not
readily degraded and exhibits a half-life of 96 hours
or more in an aquatic environment.
(26) Practical quantitation level - The lowest
concentration at which a particular substance can be
measured by approved laboratory methods.
(27) Salinity - The total dissolved solids in water
after all carbonates have been converted to oxides,
all bromide and iodide have been replaced by chloride,
and all organic matter has been oxidized. For most
purposes, salinity is considered equivalent to total
dissolved salt content. Salinity is normally
expressed in parts per thousand.
(28) Settleable solids - The volume or weight of
material which will settle out of a water sample in a
specified period of time.
(29) Seven-day, two-year low flow - The lowest flow
that occurs for seven consecutive days during a
two-year period as statistically determined from
historical data. It is the flow used for deter-
mining the allowable discharge load to a stream.
(30) Shellfish - Clams, oysters, mussels, crabs,
crayfish, lobsters, and shrimp.
(31) Standards - The designation of water bodies for
desirable uses and the narrative and numerical
criteria deemed necessary to protect those uses.
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(32) Total dissolved solids - The amount of material
(inorganic salts and small amounts of organic ,
material) dissolved in water and commonly expressed as 1
a concentration in terms of milligrams per liter. The '
term is equivalent to the term filterable residue, as
used in the publication entitled, Standard Methods for "\
the Examination of Vater and Vastevater. . '
(33) Total suspended solids - Total suspended matter
in water,, which is equivalent to nonfilterable residue.
(34) Total toxicity - Toxicity as determined by .
exposing aquatic organisms to samples or dilutions of f
instream water or treated effluent. Also referred to ;
as whole-effluent toxicity.
(35) Toxicity - The occurrence of lethal or sublethal
adverse effects on representative, sensitive organisms
due to exposure to toxic materials. Adverse effects i
caused by conditions of temperature, dissolved oxygen, |
or nontoxic dissolved substances are excluded from the
definition of toxicity.
(36) Toxicity biomonitoring - The determination of
total toxicity.
(37) Vater quality .management program - The
commission's overall program for attaining and
maintaining water ' quality ' consistent with state \
standards, as authorized under the Texas Vater Code, '
the Texas Administrative Code, and the Clean Vater
Act, §§106, 205(j), 208, 303(e) and 314 (33 United
States Code 1251 6t seq).
(38) Zone of initial dilution - The small area at the
immediate point of discharge where initial dilution f
with receiving waters occurs, and which may not meet (
certain criteria applicable to the receiving water. A
zone of initial dilution is substantially smaller than t
a mixing zone.
(b) Abbreviations". The following abbreviations apply
to this chapter: )
i
(1) AP - aquifer protection.
(2) BMP - best management practices. [
(3) AS - agricultural water supply. ,.j
(4) CFR - Code of Federal Regulations.
(5) CR - contact recreation. \
(6) CPP - continuing planning process. (
(7) DO - dissolved oxygen.
(8) E - exceptional quality aquatic habitat. .
(9) EPA - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. I
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(10) P - degree(s) Fahrenheit.
(11) fts/s - cubic feet per second.
(12) H - high quality aquatic habitat.
(13) I - intermediate quality aquatic habitat.
(14) IS - industrial water supply.
(15) L - limited quality aquatic habitat.
(16) mg/L - milligrams per liter
(17) ml - milliliter.
(18) N - navigation.
(19) NCR - noncontact recreation.
(20) NPDES - National Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System, as set out in the Clean Water Act, §402
(33 United States Code 1342).
(21) 0 - Oyster waters.
(22) PQL - practical quantitation level.
(23) PS - public water supply.
(24) 7Q2 - seven-day, two-year low flow.
(25) IDS - total dissolved solids.
(26) USGS - U.S. Geological Survey.
(27) VQM - water quality management.
Utah
44
Vermont
45
Not Specified
For the purposes of these Water Quality Standards, the
terms below shall have the following meanings unless a
different meaning clearly appears from the context.
1. Accepted agricultural or silvicultural practices
means those practices as defined by the commissioners
of agriculture and forests, parks and recreation
respectively in accordance with 10 V.S.A. §1259(f) as
being necessary to protect water quality in a manner
consistent with the Act.
2. Act means the "Vermont Water Pollution Control
Act," 10 V.S.A., Chapter 47.
3. Applicable water quality criteria means all
criteria specified in sections 3-01, 3-05, 3-06 as
well as those specified in sections 3-02(B), 3-03(B)
and 3-04(B) which are applicable to the classification
of the waters in question.
4. Assimilative capacity means a measure of the
capacity of the receiving waters to assimilate wastes
without lowering their quality below the
applicable-water quality criteria.
5. Background conditions means conditions which exist
in the absence of human or cultural influences or
conditions due to human or cultural influences which
are not subject to regulation under the Act.
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[
6. Beneficial values or uses means any value or use '
vhether existing or not, which is specified in the
management objectives for each class of vater as set ]
forth in sections 3-02(A), 3-03(A) and 3-04(A) of j
these rules.
7. Board means the Vermont Vater Resources Board, 10
V.S.A. §1251(1). '
8. Classification means the vater quality j
classification designated for a specific body of vater I
in accordance with the provisions of 10 V.S.A. §1253.
9. Discharge moans the placing, depositing, or ',
emission of any wastes, directly or indirectly, into
an injection veil or into the waters of the state, 10 -.
V.S.A. §1251(2).
10. EPA means the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency. )
i
11. Existing Discharge means any discharge to the
extent authorized by a valid permit issued under the
provisions of 10 V.S.A. §1263 or §1265 as of January
7, 1985.
\
12. Existing Use means any beneficial use of vater |
which provides important economic, .social- or other ~ '
public benefits and which has occurred on a frequent,
regular or consistent basis' and any other use made of |
the water which is compatible with its classification. 1
13. Groundwater means water below the land surface, 10 /
V.S.A. §1410 (b)(l). j
14. Indirect discharge means any discharge to .
groundvater, vhether subsurface, land-based or (
otherwise, 10 V.S.A. §1251(15). l
15. Mixing zone means a length or area vithin the |
waters of the state required for the dispersion and j
dilution of vastft discharges adequately treated to
meet federal and state treatment requirements and t
vithin which it is recognized that specific water uses (
or water quality criteria associated with the assigned "
classification for such waters may not be realized.
The mixing zone shall not extend more than 200 feet
from the point of discharge, 10 V.S.A. §1251(6). -*•
16. New discharge means any discharge not authorized |
under the . provisions of 10 V.S.A. §1263 as of January >
7, 1985 or any increased pollutant loading or demand
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on the assimilative capacity of the receiving waters
from an existing discharge which requires the issuance
of a new or amended permit.
17. Nonpoint source waste means waste which reaches
the waters of the state via direct or indirect
discharge in a diffuse manner from sources including,
but not limited to, overland runoff from construction
sites, or as a result of agricultural or silvicultural
practices.
18. Nonpolluting waste means those wastes which prior
to treatment do not have the potential to result in an
undue adverse effect on any existing use, beneficial
value or use, or the quality of the receiving waters.
19. Permit means a Discharge Permit issued in
accordance with the provisions of 10 V.S.A. §1263.
20. Person means an individual, partnership, public or
private corporation, municipality, institution, or
agency of the state or federal government, including
any officer or governing or managing body of a
partnership, association, firm or corporation, 10
V.S.A. §1251(8).
21. Public Interest means that which shall be for the
greatest benefit to the people of the state as
determined by the Board in accordance with- the
criteria set forth in subsection (e) of section 1253
of the Act.
22. Publicly owned treatment works (POTV) means any
government owned device or system used in the storage,
treatment, disposal or recycling of wastes.
23. Receiving waters means all waters adjacent to a
discharge and all adjacent or downstream waters whose
quality may be affected by that discharge.
24. Seven Day Low Flow, Ten Year Return Period (7Qld)
means that instantaneous flow which is equal to the
lowest mean flow for seven consecutive days which has
a 10% chance of occurring in any given year.
25. Secretary means the Secretary of the Agency of
Environmental Conservation or his authorized
representative, 10 V.S.A. §1251 (11).
26. Stormwater runoff means natural precipitation
which does not infiltrate into the soil, including any
material dissolved or suspended in such water.
Stormwater runoff does not include wastes from
combined sewer overflows.
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27. Toxic wastes means those wastes or combinations of
wastes which, after discharge and upon exposure,
ingestion, inhalation, or assimilation into any
organism, either directly from the environment or
indirectly by ingestion through food chains, will, on
the basis of available information cause death,
disease, behavioral abnormalities, cancer genetic
mutations,--physiological or reproductive malfunctions
or physical deformations in such organisms or their
offspring.
28. Undue Adverse Effect - This phrase shall have its
common meaning. In determining undue adverse effect,
the Secretary is authorized to make case specific
judgments in applying these rules. In making such
judgments, the water quality policy set forth in
section 1-02, the classification of the waters and any
other applicable provisions of these rules shall be
considered. Except where the context clearly
indicates otherwise, applications or interpretations
which are less stringent than the specific provisions
of these rules shall not be allowed.
29. Waste means effluent, sewage, or any substance or
material, liquid, gaseous, solid or radioactive,
including heated liquids, whether or not harmful or
deleterious to waters, 10 V.S.A. §1251(12).
30. Vaters and Waters of the State'means any river,
stream, creek, brook, reservoir, pond, lake, spring,
and any body of surface water, artificial or natural,
which is contained within, flows through or borders
upon the State of Vermont or any portion thereof, 10
V.S.A. §1251(13).
Virginia
43
Washington
44
Not Specified
(1) Background Conditions: The biological, chemical,
and physical conditions of a water body, upstream frdm
the point on nonpoint source of any discharge under
consideration. Background sampling location in an
enforcement action would be upstream from other
inflows. If several discharges to any water body
exist, and enforcement action is being taken for
possible violations to the standards, background
sampling would be undertaken immediately upstream from
each discharge
(2) Fecal Coliform: That portion of the coliform
group which is present in the intestinal tracts and
feces of warm-blooded animals a detected by the
product of acid or gas from lactose in suitable
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Vest Virginia'
48
culture medium within 24 hours at 44.5 degrees plus or
minus 0.2 degrees C.
(3) Mean Detention Time; The time obtained by
dividing a reservoir's mean annual minimum total
storage by the 30-day ten-year-flov from the reservoir.
(4) . Median
measurements
measurements
the number
Value: That value of a group of
that falls in the middle when the
are arranged in order of magnitude. If
of measurements is even, the median value
would be the
measurements.
value half-vay between the two middle
(5) Permit: A document issued pursuant to RCV
90.48.160 et seq. or RCV 90.48.260 or both, specifying
the waste treatment and control requirements and waste
discharge conditions.
(6) pH: The
concentration.
negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion
(7) Surface Vaters of the State: Include lakes,
rivers, ponds, streams, inland waters, saltwaters, and
all other surface waters and water courses within the
jurisdiction of the state of Vashington.
(8) Temperature:
Celsius.
Temperature expressed in degrees
(9) Turbidity: The clarity of water expressed as
nephelometric turbidity units (NTU) and measured with
a calibrated turbidimeter.
(10) Upwelling: Upwelling is a direct result of wind
stress on the sea surface. As winds blow parallel to a
coast, the net flow of water is at an angle of about
45 toward the sea. This flow causes cold bottom
water to move upward to replace the warmer surface
water moving offshore. The cold water is rich in
dissolved nutrients and has a low dissolved oxygen
content.
VQS
LEG. RULE, 20-5 & 20-5A
SERIES I, SEC. 2.1
2.1 "Conventional treatment" is the treatment of
water as approved by the State Health Department to
assure that the Water is safe for human consumption.
2.2 "Cumulative" means a pollutant which increases in
concentration in an organism by successive additions
at different times or in different ways
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(bio-accumulation).
2.3 The "Federal Act" means the Clean Water Act (also
known as the Federal Water Pollution Control Act)
Public Law 92-500, as amended by Public Law 95-217, 33
U.S.C. 1251, e_t
2.4 "High quality waters" are those waters whose
quality is equal to or better than the minimum levels
necessary to achieve the national water quality goal
uses. Included are those streams or stream segments
which receive annual stockings of trout, but which do
not support year-round trout populations.
2.5 "Intermittent streams" are streams which have no
flow during sustained period of no precipitation and
which do not support aquatic life whose life history
requires residence in flowing waters for a continuous
period of at least six (6) months.
2.6 "National resource waters" are those whose unique
character, ecological or recreational value or
pristine nature constitutes a valuable national or
State resource. (See Section 7.3).
2.7 "Natural" or "naturally occurring" values or
"natural temperature' shall mean for all of the waters
of the State:
2. 7. a Those water quality values which exist
unaffected by — or unaffected as 3. consequence
of — any water use by any person; and
2.7.b Those water quality values which exist
unaffected by the discharge, or direct or
indirect deposit of, any solid, liquid or
gaseous substance by any person.
2.8 "Non-point source" shall mean any source other
than a point source from which pollutants may reach
.the waters of the State.
2.9 "Persistent" shall mean a pollutant and its
transformation products which under natural conditions
degrades slowly in an aquatic environment.
2.10 "Point source" shall mean any discernible,
confined and discrete conveyance, including, but not
limited to any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit,
well, discrete fissure, container, rolling stock, or
vessel or other floating craft, from which pollutants
are or may be discharged.
2.11 "Representative important species of aquatic
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life" shall mean those species of aquatic life vhose
protection and propagation vill assure the sustained
presence of a balanced aquatic community. Such
species are representative in the sense that
maintenance of water quality criteria vill assure both
the natural completion of the species' life cycles and
the overall protection and sustained propagation of
the balanced aquatic community.
2.12 The "State Act" or "State Lav" shall mean the
West Virginia Water Pollution Control Act, West
Virginia Code 20-5A-1, et seq.
2.13 "Total recoverable" refers to the digestion
procedure for certain heavy metals as referenced in 40
CFR 136, October 26, 1984, Guidelines Establishing
Test Procedures for the Analysis of Pollutants Under
the Clean Water Act.
2.14 "Trout vaters" are streams or stream segments
which sustain year-round trout populations. Excluded
are those streams or stream segments which receive
annual stockings of trout, but which do not support
year-round trout populations.
2.15 "Water quality criteria" shall mean levels of
parameters or stream conditions that are required to
be maintained by these regulations. Criteria may be
. expressed as a constituent concentration, levels, or
narrative statement, representing a quality of water
that supports a designated use or uses.
2.16 "Water quality standards" means the combination
of water uses to be protected and the water quality
criteria to be maintained by these rules.
2.17 "Wet weather streams" are streams that flow only
in direct response to precipitation or whose channels
are at all times above the water table.
i
49
Wisconsin (1) "Mean tolerance level (TLM)" means the
concentration of a substance at which there is a 50
percent mortality rate of bioassay test organisms in a
stated exposure time.
(2) "Mixing Zone" means a region in which a discharge
of different characteristics than the receiving water
is in transit and progressively diluted from the
source to the receiving system.
(3) "Natural conditions" means the normal daily and
seasonal variations in climatic and atmospheric
conditions, and the existing physical and chemical
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characteristics of a water or the course in which it
flows.
(4) "Natural temperature" means the normal existing '
temperature of a surface water including daily and
seasonal changes outside the zone of influence of any *\
artificial inputs. [
(5) ^Resource management" means the application of
control techniques to enhance or preserve a surface
water in accordance with statutory provisions and in
the general public: interest.
(6) "Sanitary survey" means a thorough investigation ;
and evaluation of a surface water including
bacteriological sampling to determine the extent and [
cause of any bacterial contamination. [
(7) "Surface waters" means all natural and artificial .
named and unnamed lakes and all naturally flowing \
streams within the boundaries of the state, but not
including cooling lakes, farm ponds and facilities
constructed for the treatment of wastewaters (the term
waters as used in this chapter means surface waters.).
(8) "Unauthorized concentrations of substances" mean \
pollutants or other chemicals introduced into surface \>
waters without prior 'permit or knowledge of the • "~
department, but not including accidental - or . • \
unintentional spills. . . |
(9) "Best practicable control technology" means that
level of treatment established by the department under j
section 147.04 (2)(a), Vis. Stats., for categories and I
classes of point sources to be achieved by not later
• than July 1, 1977. i
(10) "Best available control technology" means that
level of treatment established by the department under
section 147.04 (2)(b)(l), Wis. Stats., for categories
and classes of point sources to be achieved by not
later than July 1, 1983.
Wyoming a. Best Management Practices - Those practices or ,i
combinations of practices which are determined by the
Wyoming Continuing Planning Process, after problem ''»
assessment, examination of alternative practices and j
appropriate public participation, to the most
practically effective (including technological, .
economic and institutional considerations) means of [
preventing or reducing the quantity or concentration
of wastes discharged to surface waters of the State.
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Best management practices are contained within a State
certified water quality management plan adopted under
Section 208 of the Federal Act in accordance with the
State's Continuing Planning Process. In certain
instances, certified State water quality management
plans will not contain specific best management
practices but will outline a process to be followed in
developing best management practices for individual
activities.
b. Biological Water Quality - Refers to the number and
type of living organisms existing in a surface water
body.
c. Chemical Water Quality - Refers to chemical
elements and compounds which are found in ionized,
complexed or dissolved states in water (i.e., calcium,
sulfate, dissolved oxygen.)
d. Cold Water Fishery - A water body which is managed
by the Wyoming Game and Fish Department primarily for
one or more of the following species: Grayling
(Thymallus arcticus): Northern Pike (Esox lucius);
Salmon (Oncorhynchus); Sauger (Sitzosterdion
canadense); Trout (Salmo and Salvelinus); Walleye
(Stizostedion vitreum); and Whitefish (Prospium
williamsoni).
e. Conventional Water Treatment - Shall be considered
to be, in order of application for public water
supplies, the following processes; coagulation,
sedimentation, filtration and chlorination.
f. Dissolved Oxygen - A measure of the amount of free
oxygen in water.
g. Effluent Limitations - Any restriction established
by the State or by the Administrator of the Federal
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on quantities,
rates and concentrations of chemical, physica}.,
biological and other constituents which are discharged
from point sources into waters of th*e State, including
schedules of compliance.
h. Eutrophic - Waters abundant in nutrients and having
high rates of productivity frequently resulting in
oxygen depletion below the surface layer.
i. „ Existing Quality - The established long-term
chemical and biological water quality as of the date
of promulgation of these regulations with recognition
of the fact that water quality will tend to fluctuate
on a seasonal and year-to-year basis depending upon
natural fluctuations in water quality.
-137-
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;j
j. Fecal Col i form - Those species vithin the coliform
bacteria group which are present in the gut or feces
or varm-blooded animals. The group includes organisms
which are capable of producing gas from 1 actose broth
in a suitable culture medium within 24 hours at 44.5°C
k. Federal Act - The Federal Water Pollution Control
Act and subsequent amendments to that Act.
1. Full Body Contact Recreation - Any recreational or
other surface water use in which there is prolonged
and intimate contact with the water involving
considerable risk, of ingesting water in quantities
sufficient to pose a significant health hazard (i.e.,
water skiing, swimming).
m. Game Fish - Bass (Micropterus) , Catfish (Ictalurus
punctatus), Crappie (Promoxis), Grayling (Thy mall us
arcticus), Ling (Lota lota), Northern Pike
(Esoxlucius), Perch (Perca flavescens), Salmon
(Oncorhynchus), : Sauger (Stizostedion canadense) ,
Sunfish (Lepomis), Trout (Salmo and Salvelinus),
Walleye (Stizostedion vitreum), and Whitefish
(Prospium villiamsoni).
n. LC50 the "Lethal concentration" at which fifty
percent of the specified test organisms die within the
time specified (i.e., the 96 hour LC50 means that at
concentration "x" fifty percent of the test organisms
died within 96 hours.)
o. Main stem - This term shall mean the major channel
of a river or stream as shown on the latest and most
detailed United States Geological Survey map for the
area.
p. Milligrams Per Liter (mg/1) - Milligrams of solute
per liter of solution - equivalent to parts per
million (ppm) in liquids, assuming unit density.
q. Mixing Zone - That portion of a surface water body
within which an effluent becomes thoroughly mixed with
the water body.
r. Natural Water Quality - That quality of water which
would exist without the measurable effects or
measurable influence of man's activities.
s. Nephelometric Turbidity Unit (NTU) - The standard
unit used to measure the optical property that causes
light to be scattered and absorbed rather than
transmitted in straight lines through water, was
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measured by a nephelometer.
i
t. Net Oil and Grease - Shall mean the residue from an
oil and grease test conducted in accordance with the
liquid-liquid extraction with trichlorotrifluoroethane
(freon) test method found in the latest edition of
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and
Wastewater corrected for elemental sulfur. The test
for elemental sulfur shall be capable of measurement
at a level of 2 milligrams - 1.0 milligram.
u. Non-Point Source - Any runoff from irrigated and
non-irrigated lands used for grazing and/or crop
production; runoff from forest lands, construction
activities; urban areas, solid and hazardous waste
disposal sites and recreational activities; indirect
discharges from septic tanks and leach fields; and,
other sources and activities not subject to regulation
under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System (NPDES).
v. pH - Term used to express the intensity of acid or
alkaline conditions. A pH value of 7 at 25°C is
neutral, with pH's of less than 7 progressively more
acid and pH's greater than 7 progressively more basic
(alkaline).
w. Pico-Curies Per Liter (pCi/1) - A terms describing
the radiation - level of..water or solutions. A
pico-curie .is equal to 10 curie, a curie is defined
as 3.7 x 10 disintegrations per second.
x. Point Source - Any discernible, confined and
discrete conveyance, including but not. limited to any
pipe, ditch, channel, conduit, well, discrete fissure,
container, rolling stock, concentrated animal feeding
operation or vessel or other floating craft, from
which pollutants are or may be discharged, except
those pollutant sources specifically identified as a
non-point in these regulations.
y. Salinity - The total mineral dissolved
constituents, after carbonates have been converted to
oxides, organics have been oxidized and bromine and
iodine have been converted to chloride. This term is
often used interchangeably with the term total
dissolved solids.
z. Secondary Body Contact Recreation - Any
recreational or other surface water use in which
contact with water is either incidental or accidental
and in which the probability of ingesting appreciable
quantities of water is minimal, such as fishing,
hunting and commercial and recreational boating.
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1
I
aa. Wyoming Continuing Planning Process (CPP) — A ^
planning process involving public participation and ~|
political debate and including policies, procedures ,'
and programs that result in the definition and
implementation of actions that lead to the prevention, "1
reduction and abatement of all forms of vater (
pollution and for the protection and enhancement of
water • uses in the State of Wyoming. The CPP is ,
continuous in time and is designed to respond to
changes in conditions and attitudes. Certified and '
approved State and areavide water quality management
plans prepared pursuant to Section 208 of the Federal |
Act describe elements of the CPP and are outputs of .)
the CPP. Such plans include but are not limited to
the following: j
(1) Water quality monitoring requirements and
programs; i
' i
(2) Definition and assessment of water quality
problems;
(3) Identification of alternative solutions, their !
costs and effectiveness;
\
(4) Evaluations of their social, economic and |
environmental impact;
(5) Best management practices or procedures and j
programs for their determination which lead to the
control of non-point sources of pollution;
(6) Definition of institutional roles, I
responsibilities and assignments for planning and
implementation activities; 1
(7) Priorities for action;
(8) Procedures for public participation, local
government involvement, conflict resolution
performance, evaluation, plan update and formal
amendments. /
bb. State Program Plan - A report submitted on an
annual basis by the State to the EPA, under the ,
requirements of Section 106 of the Federal Act. This j
document outlines the State's water pollution control
goals for the ensuing fiscal year. j
cc. Surface Waters of the State - All permanent and
intermittent defined drainages and lakes and
reservoirs which are not man-made retention ponds, j
used for the treatment of municipal, agricultural or }
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American Samoa
51
industrial waste; and all other bodies of surface
water, either public or private which are wholly or
partially within the boundaries of the State. Nothing
in this definition is intended to expand the scope of
the Environmental Quality Act, as limited in Wyoming
Statutes, Sec. 35-ll-1104(c).
dd. Toxic Materials - Those materials or combinations
of materials including disease causing agents, which,
after discharge and upon exposure, ingestion,
inhalation or assimilation into any environmentally
significant organism, either directly from the
environment or indirectly by ingestion through food
chains, will, on the basis of information available to
the Administrator of the EPA, cause death, disease,
behavioral abnormalities, cancer, genetic
malfunctions, physiological malfunctions (including
malfunctions in reproduction) or physical deformations
in such organisms or their offspring.
ee. Tributary - Those streams or stream segments which
flow into or contribute water to another stream,
stream segment or other water body.
ff. Warm Water Fishery - A water body which is managed
by the Wyoming Game and Fish Department primarily for
one or more of the following species: Bass
(Micropterus); Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus); Crappie
(Pomoxis); Ling (Lota lota); Perch (Perca flavescens);
and Sunfish (Lepomis).
gg. Wyoming Surface Waters - Shall have the same
meaning as "surface waters of the State" defined in
Section 2.cc.
hh. Zone of Passage - A continuous water route which
joins segments of a surface water body above and below
a mixing zone without passing through the mixing zone.
"Applicant means any person who has applied for
permission to discharge wastes.
"Grantee" means any person who has received permission
from Environmental Quality Commission for such
discharges.
"Person" also includes any industry, business,
village, district, the territory, or any department or
agency thereof.
"Coastal waters" includes all oceanic and estuarine
waters within a 12 mile limit of shore.
"Best practicable treatment or control" is that degree
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of treatment for municipal or industrial wastes found <'
necessary to meet the requirements of the Federal
Water Pollution Control Act, as amended, and to *j
provide the water quality required to protect the I
classified uses of the receiving water.
"Receiving water" is that stream, aquifer, or body of {
water receiving a discharge in any physical form.
"Standards of water quality" and "Water Quality
Standards" are herein defined to be synonymous with
the meaning of "Water quality criteria" as defined in
the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended.
"Primary contact waters for recreational purposes" are
those waters where such activities as swimming,
wading, water skiing, surfing, and other activities
occur and in which there is prolonged and intimate
contact with the water involving considerable risk of ,
ingesting water in quantities sufficient to pose a , j
significant health hazard. '
District of52 Bacteria - A group of test organisms which are used as
Columbia indicators of the sanitary quality of the water.
Fecal coliform bacteria is the specific test organism
selected by the District of Columbus for this purpose. ^
Bacterial concentrations originate primarily from j
municipal waste treatment plants, sanitary and
combined sewers, storm drains, vessels, and
agricultural wastes. \ |
>
Criteria - Measurements or descriptions of instream
water quality used as guidelines in setting discharge
permit effluent limitations.
Degradation - A measurable deterioration in receiving >
stream (beyond a prescribed mixing zone) of one or j
more of the five (5) constituents or water quality for
which standards are designated herein.
t
Dissolved Oxygen (D.O.) - The oxygen dissolved as a
gas in sewage, water, or other liquid usually
expressed in milligrams per liter (g/1), parts per i
million (ppm), or percent saturation. Adequate ',
dissolved oxygen levels are necessary in waters to . p
protect fish and other aquatic life and to prevent ,
offensive odors. Low dissolve oxygen concentrations j
are generally due to excessive organic solids :-~'
discharged as a result of inadequately treated waste
(having high BOD); excessive algae growths may cause I
vastly fluctuating dissolved oxygen levels, and other >•
factors such as temperature and water movement have an
impact on dissolved oxygen levels.
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Interstate Waters - To the extent they are vithin the
geographic boundaries of the District of Columbia the
following waters are interstate waters: Potomac
River, Anacostia River, Rock Creek, and Oxon Run.
pH - The index of hydrogen ion activity, used as an
indication of acidity or alkalinity in waters. The pH
of most waters ranges from 6.5 to 8.5, and most uses
of water, such as aquatic life propagation, prosper at
these levels. In most cases, a pH outside this range
is due to discharge of industrial wastes or decaying
organic vegetation.
Pollution - The addition of sewage, industrial wastes
or other harmful or objectionable material to water at
a concentration or in sufficient quantity to result in
measurable degradation of water quality.
Suspended solids - Solids that either float on the
surface of, or are in suspension in water, wastewater,
or other liquids, and which are largely removable by
laboratory filtering. Also referred to as
nonfilterable residue.
Sewage - (1) The water supply of a community after it
has been used and discharged into a sewer, (2)
wastewater from the sanitary conveniences of
dwellings, business buildings, factories and other
institutions.
Temperature - A measure of the heat content of water.
Vhile stream temperature is affected naturally, man
significantly affects it through the construction and
operation of dams and the discharge of cooling waters
from industrial processes, particularly power
generation.
Toxic Materials - Materials which are harmful to
human, plant, animal or aquatic life. These may
include hundreds of compounds present in various
waters such as industrial waste discharges or runoff
from where pesticides have been applied.
53
Guaa "Adversely affect*1 shall mean damage to the waters of
the Territory that results in any of the following:
i
1. substantial increase in abundance or distribution
of any species not representative of the highest
community development achievable in receiving waters
of comparable quality;
2. a substantial decrease of formerly indigenous
species;
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3. change(s) in community structure to resemble a
simpler successional stage than is natural for the
locality and season in question;
4. unanesthetic appearance, odor or taste of the
waters; - '1
5. elimination of an established or potential
economic or recreational use of the waters; t
6. reduction of the successful completion of life
cycles of indigenous species, including those of
migratory species; and
I/
7. substantial reduction of community heterogeneity
or trophic structure. j
"Aquifer" shall mean a water-bearing stratum of
permeable rock, sand, or gravel. «.
"Best pollutant removal or control" shall mean a
feasible process which, as demonstrated by general
use, • demonstration process or pilot plants represents
good engineering practice at reasonable cost at the
time a discharge permit is issued by the-Agency.
"Coastal water" includes "near-shore waters" [
"off-shore watersj" and "estuaries."
"Conservation" means planned management of a natural I
resource to prevent destruction or neglect.
"Direct rapid movement" shall mean the movement of f
effluent through the soil and underlying rock strata
in such a manner that pollutants which would adversely
impact on the designated uses of the receiving water i
are not removed. I
"Discharger" shall mean any person who emits any
wastewater, substance, or material into the waters of.
the Territory* vhether or not such substance causes >
pollution.
"Effluent" shall mean any point source wastewater [
.discharged directly or indirectly to waters of the
Territory or to any storm sewer, and the runoff from i
land used for the disposition of solid wastes, j
wastewater, or sludges.
"Effluent limitation" shall mean any restriction or {
prohibition established under Territorial or Federal ..>
Law including, but not limited to, parameters for
toxic and non-toxic discharges, standards of
performance for new sources, or ocean discharge )
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criteria. The restrictions or. prohibitions shall
specify quantities, rates, and concentrations of
chemical, physical, biological, and other constituents
which are discharged to the waters of the Territory.
"Equivalent to (secondary treatment)" shall mean that
process or group of processes achieving a maximum
practicable removal of solids, oils, grease, acids,
alkalis, toxic materials, bacteria, taste and
odor-causing materials, color and any other
objectionable constituents contained in untreated
wastes to produce an effluent equal to that obtained
from secondary treatment facilities in current use for
any specific category of industrial waste.
«
"Estuary" shall mean that region of interaction
between near-shore waters and rivers within which
tidal action and river flow bring about mixing of
fresh and salt water.
n
Higher degree of treatment" shall mean any physical,
biological and/or chemical method directed at removing
a specified portion of the remaining pollutants before
and/or after secondary treatment.
n
Hydrologic cycle" shall mean that natural system
dealing with the properties, distribution, and
circulation of water on the surface of the land, in
the soil and underlying rocks, and in the atmosphere.
"Lethal Concentration - 50 percent (LC50)" shall mean
that concentration of a toxic substance in water in
which 50 percent of a species of aquatic organism
survives for a given time period.
"Line of Mean High Water" shall mean the shoreline as
indicated on the 1:24,000 Series (Topographic) Maps of
the Island of Guam prepared by the U.S. Geological
Survey.
r
"Marine sanitation device" shall mean any equipment
for installation on any vessel or water craft which is
designed to receive, retain, treat, or discharge
sewage or other pollutants or any process to treat
such sewage, or other pollutants.
"Mixing zone" shall mean the area or volume of a water
body within which effluent(s) shall become physically
mixed with the receiving waters through initial
dilution. Initial dilution is the process through
which the wastewater immediately mixes with the
receiving water due to the momentum of the waste
discharge and the difference in density between the
discharge and the receiving water. The total area or
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volume of water designated as a mixing zone shall be l
limited to that area or volume which will not ,
interfere with biological communities or populations r
of important species to a degree which is damaging to '
the ecosystem and which will not cause substantial
damage to or impairment of designated water uses ^ >
within the mixing zone or in surrounding waters. A j
mixing zone shall be considered designated -only when
approved by the Guam Environmental Protection Agency ,
and when concurrence of the U.S. EPA has been received. 1
"Natural conditions" shall mean conditions free of
substances or conditions or the combination of both i
attributable to domestic, commercial and industrial '
discharges, or agricultural, construction or other
land-use practices.
"Near-shore waters" shall mean all coastal waters
lying within a defined reef area; all coastal waters .
of a depth of less than ten fathoms (60 feet) and all
coastal waters greater than 10 fathoms up to 1000 feet
off-shore where there is no defined reef area.
"New source" shall mean any wastewater sources, the I
construction of which is commenced on or after the
effective date of these standards. '\
"Off-shore waters" shall mean all coastal waters
beyond the limits defined for "near-shore waters" to
the Territorial Limit as recognized by International [
Law.
"Permit" shall mean a permit issued pursuant to f
Section 57045 of the Water Pollution Control Act. J
"Pollution" shall mean the alteration of the physical, >
chemical, or biological properties of any waters of f
the Territory which renders said waters harmful or
detrimental for their most beneficial uses adversely .
and unreasonably impair the water quality of the
Territory, or which renders said waters hazardous to
human health or harmful or detrimental for their most
beneficial uses. )
"Point source" shall mean any discernible, confined
and discrete conveyance including, but not limited to, j
any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit, well, .[.
discrete fissure, container, rolling stock,
concentrated animal feeding operation, or vessel or .
other floating craft, from which pollutants are nor I
may be discharged.
"Potable water resources" shall mean waters of the j
Territory actually used or intended for use for the J
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purpose of furnishing water for .drinking or general
domestic use.
"Receiving water(s)" shall mean water(s) of the
Territory into which wastes or wastewaters are, or may
be, discharged.
"Schedule of compliance" shall mean a schedule of
.remedial measures and times including an enforceable
sequence of actions or operations leading to
compliance with any control regulation or effluent
limitation.
"Secondary treatment" shall mean the following degree
of pollutant removal:
1. Biochemical oxygen demand (five-day).
a. The arithmetic mean of the values for effluent
samples collected in a period of 30 consecutive days
shall not exceed 30 mg/1.
b. The arithmetic mean of the values for effluent
samples collected in a period of seven consecutive
days shall not exceed 45 mg/1.
c. arithmetic mean of the values for effluent
samples collected in a period of 30 consecutive days
shall nor exceed 15 percent of the arithmetic mean of
the values of effluent samples collected • at
approximately the same times during the sane period
(85 percent removal).
2. Suspended solids
a. The arithmetic mean of the values for effluent
samples collected in a period of 30 consecutive days
shall not exceed 30 mg/1.
b. The arithmetic mean of the values for effluent
samples collected in a period of seven consecutive
days shall not exceed 45 mg/1.
c. The arithmetic mean of the values for effluent
samples collected in a period of 30 consecutive days
shall not exceed 15 percent of the arithmetic mean of
the values for influent samples collected at'
approximately the same times during the same period
(85 percent removal).
3. Fecal coliform bacteria.
a. The arithmetic mean of the value for effluent
samples collected in a period of 30 consecutive days
shall not exceed 200 per 100 ml.
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Puerto Rico
55
b. The arithmetic mean of the values for effluents
samples collected in a period of seven consecutive
days shall not exceed 400 per 100 ml.
4. pH. The effluent values for pH shall remain within
the limits of 6.0 to 9.0.
-"Toxic shall -mean lethal, tertogenic of mutogenic, or
otherwise, damaging to man or other living organisms.
"Vastewater" shall mean sewage, industrial waste, or
other waste, or any combination of these, whether
treated of untreated, plus any admixed land runoff.
"Zone of passage10 shall mean a continuous water route
which joins segments of a river, stream, reservoir,
estuary, or channel above, below, or around, a mixing
zone. As a minimum no less than one-third of the
cross section of the water body shall be retained in
compliance with the water quality criteria.
PUERTO RICO DEFINITIONS
Acute Bioassay - Toxicity test designed to determine
if the response to a stimulus, such as a total
effluent, specific substance or combinations of these,
has sufficient severity to induce a detectable effect
in an organism during a period of 96 hours or less;
even if said effect is not necessarily the death of
the organism. The acute bioassays shall be performed
according to the procedures described in "Mixing Zone
and Bioassay Guidelines" approved by the Board.
Acute Effect - Organism response to a stimulus,
detected during £in acute bioassay that comprises a
stimulus of such severity that induces a quick
response. In toxicity tests, an acute response is
considered to occur in a period of 96 hours or les,s.
An acute effect can take place through events that not
necessarily involve the death of the organism.
Acute Toxicity Units - The reciprocal of the effluent
dilution that causes an acute effect by the end of an
acute exposure period, obtained during an acute
'lioassay as defined by the following equation:
TUa =
100
LC
50
(The LCc0 is expressed as the percent (X) of effluent
in the dilution water).
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Agent - Ail the factors, including light and heat,
which cause or could cause, induce or could induce,
produce or could produce, influence or could
influence, help or could help to cause variations or
alterations in organisms or in the environment.
Background Concentration - Existing biological,
chemical, or - physical characteristics in a body of
water. For mixing zones, a point one hundred (100)
meters upstream from the limit of the mixing zone will
be used for monitoring, or at the location approved by
the Board by mutual agreement with the petitioner,
based on the details of each individual case. The
value of the background concentration will be
determined according to the procedures established by
the "Mixing Zone and Bioassay Guidelines" approved by
the Board.
Benthic Species - Organisms that inhabit on, over, or
in the bottom of the water body; live adhered to the
bottom or crawl over the bottom.
Best Engineering Practices - Use of the most effective
procedures, methods, techniques, and/or equipment to
efficiently attain the desired objective at a minimum
economic, human and environmental cost.
BioaccuBulative Agent - Agent which is assimilated by
organisms, but is not metabolized and shows an
elimination rate much lower than its accumulation
rate, so that its total content tends to increase
during the life of the affected organisms.
Bioassay - Toxicity test to determine the acute or
chronic response of living organisms to an effluent,
specific substances or combination of these, performed
according to procedures described in the "Mixing Zone
and Bioassay Guidelines", approved by the Board. The
representative organisms to be used must be approved
by the Board prior to the test.
Carcinogenic Agent - Agent that produces metabolic
alterations in cells, prompting their uncontrolled
growth.
Chronic Bioassay - Toxicity test designed to determine
if the response to a stimulus such as, a total
effluent, a specific substance, or combination of
these has sufficient severity to induce a long-term
effect that could linger for up to one-tenth of the
life span of the organism. A chronic effect could be
lethality, growth rate reduction, reproduction rate
reduction, etc. A chronic bioassay shall be performed
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according to procedures described in "Mixing Zone and
Bioassay Guidelines", approved by the Board.
Chronic Effect - Organism response to a stimulus,
detected during a chronic bioassay, that comprises a
stimulus- that lingers or continues for a relatively
long period of time, which could be of the order of
.one-tenth of the life span of the organism used in the
test. A chronic effect could imply lethality, growth
rate reduction, reduced reproduction rate, etc.
Chronic Toxic Unit - The reciprocal of the effluent
dilution that causes no unacceptable effect on the
test organisms by the end of the chronic exposure
period, obtained during a chronic bioassay, as defined
by the following equation:
TUc-™
NOEC
(The NOEC value should be expressed in terms of the
percent (X) of the effluent in the dilution water).
Closed Body of Water - All surface water bodies,
groundwater and coastal waters that are not open
coastal waters.
Criteria Continuous Concentration (CCC) - EPA national
water quality criteria recommendation for the highest
instream concentration of a toxicant or an effluent to
which organisms can be exposed indefinitely without
causing an unacceptable effect. It is equal to:
CCC m 1.0 TUc
Criteria Maximum Concentration (CMC) - EPA national
water quality criteria recommendation for the highest
instream concentration of a toxicant or an effluent to
which organisms can be exposed for a brief period of
time without causing mortality. It is equal to:
CMC * 0.3 TUa
Critical initial Dilution - Minimum dilution to be
determined by means of the use of a mathematical model
to be approved by the Board, and according to the
procedures described in "Mixing Zone and Bioassay
Guidelines", approved by the Board.
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Diffuser - Structure vhich is connected to or is part
of a submerged outfall provided vith ports and whose
function is to reduce the diameter of the outfall in
order to increase the effluent exit velocity to obtain
a better dilution in the receiving body of water.
Dilution - Dilution is the reduction of the
concentration of a substance by mixing it vith
ambient waters, and will be defined by the following
equations.:
a. Volumetric Dilution
D - Ve + Vd/Ve
where;
D - Dilution
Ve - Effluent volume
Vd - Dilution volume
b. Flow Dilution
D - Qe + Qd/Qe
where;
D ~ Dilution
Qe » Effluent flow
Qd » Dilution waters flow
c. Concentration Dilution
D - Ce - Ca/C - Ca
r
where;
D - Dilution
Ca » Background concentration
Ce * Concentration of the pollutant in the
discharge
C * Final concentration of the pollutant
after dilution.
Dilution shall be determined according to the
procedures described in "Mixing Zone and Bioassay
Guidelines" approved by the Board.
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Discharge Length Scale - The square-root of .the
cross-sectional area of any port in an outfall.
Drinking Water Source - Extraction of water for human
or livestock consumption.
Dye Tests - Tests which are performed by injecting
dyes .into any point of a discharge or a body of water
.to determine the origin, the direction of the flow and
the intermediate or final fate.
EPA - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
LCcQ - The pollutant concentration in a bioassay
killing 50% of exposed organisms during a specific
period of observation, expressed in terms of the
effluent percent in the dilution water.
Local Vater Depth - The depth at the point where the
diffuser of an outfall is located under low tide
conditions, for ocean outfalls; or low flow
conditions, for surface water discharges.
Mixing Zone and Bioassay Guidelines - Technical
guidelines developed by the Board which describe
procedures, methods, models, techniques and organisms
to be used to calculate the initial dilution; perform
chronic and acute bioassays; to collect field data, or
to establish the natural background concentration
value, as required to verify compliance with inherent
mixing zone conditions. These Guidelines are based on
the following EPA publications: "Technical Support
Document for Vater Quality Based Toxics Control" and
"Users Guide to the Conduct and Interpretation of
Complex Effluent Toxicity Tests at Estuarine/Marine
Sites". The guidelines will be revised, in accordance
with updated versions of these documents or other
documents released by EPA which directly impact the
guidelines in effect at the time of publication of the
final document.
Mixing Zone - Tridimensional space in a receiving body
of water where the discharge is diluted with
surrounding waters, which has been defined according
to Article 5 of this Regulation. Applicable water
quality standards, the CCC and the CMC are met at the
boundary of the mi>ing zone.
Hutagenic Agent - Agent that induces genetic
variations due to drastic changes in the organization
of the genes in a chromosome.
Natural Background Concentration - The biological,
physical and chemical characteristics existing in a
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vater body that is not affected by point or nonpoint
dischargesi as determined by field studies whose
content and extension shall be defined according to
"Mixing Zone and Bioassay Guidelines", and according
to the agreements betveen the Board and the
petitioner, based upon the details of each case when
problem? arise in the implementation of said
Guidelines.
NOEC (No Observed Effect Concentration) - The highest
measured continuous concentration of an effluent or a
pollutant that causes no detectable effect on an
organism used in bioassays.
*
Objectionable Odor - Odor considered offensive by the
consensus of at least five (5) persons, elected by the
Board, vhen exposed to it. The odor emitted by trees,
shrubs, plants, flovers, grass, domestic gardening,
and agricultural processes and the use of fertilizers
(except for the use of sugarcane wastes), will not be
considered objectionable.
Open Coastal Waters - All the coastal waters, except
bays and estuaries, with formations that significantly
mitigate the direct impact of the vaves on the shore.
Outfall - Pipe or conduit which conveys an effluent to
a receiving body of vater.
Pelagic Species - Organisms that have the ability of
self locomotion and can overcome the currents. These
organisms can be found anywhere in the water column,
near the surface, the bottom or at any point between
the surface and the bottom.
Persistent Agent - An agent which degrades or
decomposes slowly, biologically or chemically, in the
natural environment.
Plankton!c Species - Marine organisms that mainly
inhabit the surface of the receiving body of vater.
Their main characteristic is that they can not
overcome the currents even if they have self
locomotion.
Point of Discharge - Point where the effluent is
discharged, treated or untreated, before mixing with
the receiving vater.
Port - Orifice of the diffuser-
Receiving Body of Vater - Surface waters, coastal
vaters or groundvater vhere the discharge of
pollutants occurs.
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Saapling Point - Point determined by the Board or by Jj
EPA where samples are taken to evaluate compliance [
vith federal NPDES permits issued by EPA or permits
issued by the Board. H
Significant Public Health Risk - Contingency of a
direct or indirect: injury to human veil being. The
hazard of the occurrence of an acute or chronic effect
on the health including (but not limited to) diseases,
epidemics, mutation:; or deformations in humans.
Submerged Outfall - Pipe or conduit which conveys an \
effluent to the discharge point in a receiving body of
water. The pipe or conduit is located along the ,
bottom of the waterbody.
Synergistic Effect - Occurs when two (2) or more
substances, which in the original state could be
harmless, react to each other and cause a toxicity
which is greater than the sum of the individual
toxicity of each substance. j
Teratogenic Agent - Agent which induces anomalies in
the fetal development. t
Toxic Substances - Those substances or combinations -
thereof, including disease causing agents, which after
being discharged and after their exposure, ingestion,
inhalation or assimilation by any organism, directly
from the environment or indirectly by means of
ingestion through the food chain; can be the cause,
based on the available information to the Board or to
EPA, of death, illness, abnormal behavior, cancer,
genetic mutation, physiologic malfunctioning ,
(including malfunction in reproduction), or physical
deformations, in said organisms on their descendants. '
TUa - See acute toxic unit definition.
TUc - See chronic toxic unit definition.
Trust Territories (a) "Near-shore waters" means:
(1) All coastal waters lying within a defined reef
area;
(2) All coastal waters of a depth of less than ten
fathoms (60 feet);
(3) All coastal waters greater than 10 fathoms up to
1,000 feet offshore where there is no defined reef
area.
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(b) "Off-shore waters" means all coastal waters beyond
the limits defined for "near-shore waters."
(c) "Coastal waters" includes "near-shore waters",
"off-shore waters", and those brackish, fresh and salt
waters that are subject to the ebb and flow of the
tide.
(d) "Best practicable treatment or control" is defined
herein as not less than:
(1) Treatment in accordance with national guidelines
for discharge into off-shore waters — provided
evaluation of water current patterns demonstrates the
effluent will not be brought back to the beach or
near-shore waters;
(2) Secondary treatment for discharge into
"near-shore waters" provided that such discharge will
not be made in areas which are primary contact waters
for recreational purposes or will not be made into
areas of uni-que value into which it has been
determined no waste water effluent is acceptable;
(3) Disinfection comminuter — acceptable only on
emergency basis (period 3-6 months) with special
approval of the Director of Health Services or the
Chairman of the Environmental Protection Board.
(e) "Receiving water" is that stream, aquifer, or body
of water receiving a discharge in any physical form.
"Standards of water quality" is herein defined to
synonymous with the meaning of "water quality
(f)
be
criteria" as defined in
Control Act, as amended.
the Federal Water Pollution
Virgin Islands
57
(g) "Primary contact waters for recreational purposes"
are those waters where such activities as swimming,
wading, water skiing, surfing, and other activities
occur and in which there is prolonged and intimate
contact with the water involving considerable risk of
ingesting water in quantities sufficient to pose a
significant health hazard.
Not Specified
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