United States        Office of Water      EPA/440/5-88-023
         Environmental Protection     Regulations and Standards  September 1988
         Agency           Washington, DC 20460
&EPA   Temperature
         Water Quality Standards
         Criteria Summaries: A
         Compilation of
         State/Federal Criteria
                                Printed on Recycled Paper

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                             DISCLAIMER
           publicmtion was prepared by Battelle under contract   to
      U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Contract  68-03-35347
 f«C?S?!rJ inforTO**io.n »ource« were used to compile data presented
 in this document.   Each State was given an opportunity to  review
                                                       -
                                  of
      ve                   *
 no  event  shall either the United States or  Battelle  have
                                         --
      The  reader should consult the water oualitv
                                                  Agency   or    ts
      Additional information may  also be obtained from  the
                                         «
                         Standards  Branch
             Criteria and Standards Division (WH-585)
             Office of Water Regulations and Standards
               U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
                      Washington, D.C.   20460
                           202-475-7315
T *        d°cument "^y be obtained only from the National Technical
Information Service (NTIS) at  the following address:

                National' Technical Information Service
                       5285 Front Royal Road
                    Springfield, Virginia 22161
                         703-487-4650

     The NTIS order number is:  PB89-14155Q

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 INTRODUCTION           .

 This  " digest  is  compiled so provide general information to the public as veil
 as  to  Federal,  State,   and  local  officials.   It contains excerpts from the
 individual   Federal-State   water  quality  standards  establishing  pollutant
 specific  criteria  for interstate surface waters.  The water quality standards
 program  is   implemented   by  the  U.   S.  Environmental Protection Agency where
 responsibility   for   providing   water   quality  recommendations,   approving
 State-adopted,  standards   for  interstate   waters,   evaluating adherence to the
 standards,   and  overseeing  enforcement  of   standards  compliance,   has  been
 mandated by  Congress.                        .   .

 Standards,   a nationwide strategy for  surface  water  quality  management,  contain
 three  major  alements: . th« use (recreation,  drinking water,  fish and wildlife
 propagation,   industrial,   or  agricultural) to be made of the navigable  water;
 criteria  to  protect   the/e uses;  and  an antidegradation statement  to  protect
 existing high  quality waters, from degradation by  the  addition of  pollutants.
 Guidance  fos  the development of standards by  individual States is contained in
 two   EPA documents entitled Water Quality  Standards  Handbook (1983) ard  Quality
 Criteria foir Water (1986>.                     :	—            —'	i

 Temperature  standards,  which   are  the   subject  of   this  digest, are  set to
 control   thermal   pollution,  or  the amount of heated wastes  discharged  into  a
 water  body.   Thermal pollution creates adverse conditions which  can  inhibit  a
 balanced  aquatic  ecosystem by accelerating  the activity of aquatic  plants,
 oxygen solubility and depleting  mechanisms, and taste and odor.

The  following  guidelines  were  developed  by  EPA  and  published in Quality
 Criteria ,*SL  ?ater.  1986  (Gold  Book)   to  assist  states in developing and
 implementing temperature policies.

                            Freshwater Aquatic Life

For    any  time  of  year,  there  are  two  upper limiting temperatures for a
location (based on the important sensitive species found there at that time):

1.  One  limit  consists  of  a maximum temperature for short exposures that is
 time dependent and is given by the species- specific equation:

    Temperature -(I/b)
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 2.  The second value is a limit on the weekly average  temperature  that:

 a. \In  the  cooler  months (mid-October to mid-April  in  the north and December
 to  February  in the south) will protect against mortality of important  species
 to  mid-April  in the north and December to February in the south) will  protect
 against  mortality  of  important  species if the elevated plume temperature  is
 suddenly  dropped  to  the  ambient  temperature,  with   the  limit  being  the
 acclimation   temperature   minus  2Pto  C  vhen  the  lover  lethal  threshold
 temperature  equals  the  ambient  water .temperature, (in  some   regions   this
 limitation may also be applicable, in summer).  .

;•.''•   -: •  •'. ••  •-••'.•'••.-    ..-••••.   or- •'.'.-  •.-.'•;• .'  .'".••.'..'•   '   '.-•-.

 b.    In  the  warmer  months  (,pril  through  October  in the north and March
 through  November  in  the south) is  determined by  adding to the physiological
 optimum  temperature  (usually  for growth) a factor calculated as one-third of
 the  difference between the ultimate  upper incipient lethal temperature and the
 optimum  temperature  for the raost sensitive important  species (and appropriate
 life state) that normally is found at that location and time.
                                       or
 c.     During  reproductive  seasons (generally April through June and September
 through  October  in  the  north  and  March  through  May  and October through
 November  in  the south)  the limit is that temperature that meets site-specific
 requirements    for    successful   migration,  spawning,   egg -incubation,  fry
 rearing,    and other "reproductive functions of important  species.   These local
 requirements    should    supersede    all    other  requirements when they are
 applicable.
                                       or
d.    There   is  a   site-specific   limit   that   is  found  necessary to  preserve
normal  species  diversity or prevent  appearance of nuisance  organisms.


        .                 .    Marine Aquatic Life    ......             .

In   order   to  assure  protection  of the  characteristic   indigenous   marine
community of a water body segment from adverse  thermal effects:

a.  the   maximum    acceptable  increase   in  the  weekly average  temperature
resulting  from  artificial  sources   is 1° C (1.8  F) during  all  seasons  of  the
year, providing the  summer maxima are  not  exceeded;  and

b.  daily  temperature  cycles  characteristic of the water body  segment  should
not  be altered in either amplitude or frequency.   Summer thermal maxima, which
define  the   upper   thermal  limits  for the communities  of the discharge area,
should  be   established on a site-specific basis.   Existing studies  suggest  the
following regional limits?
                                     -3-

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                                   Short-ten           Maximum
                                   Maximum               True  Daily  Mean*
 Sub tropical regions  (south of    32.2~C  (90T)29.4 C (85~F)
 Cape Canaveral and Tampa Bay,
 Florida, and Hawaii               .


.Cape Battens, N.C.,  to           32.2°C  (90°F)    29.4°C (85°F)
 Cape Canaveral, Fla.  '..','•

 Long Island .(south.shore)        . 30.I°C  (87°F)    27.8°C (82o F)
• to-Cape Battens, N.C.                     .

 (* True Daily Mean « average of 24 hourly teapentu?:e readings.)

 Br seline  thermal  conditions  should  bt  measurer, at a site where there is no
 .unnatural  thermal  addition  from any rource, which is in reasonable proximity
 ',o  the thermal discharge (within 5 mil 43) and vh.ch has similar hydrography to
 £hat.of the receiving waters at the discharge.

 Since  water  quality  standards  are  revised  from  time  to  time, following
 procedures  set forth in the Clean water Act, individual entries in this digest
 may-  be  superseded.     This diges^ will be updated periodically.   Because this
 publication  is  intended  for use only as a general information reference,  the
 reader  needs  to  refer  to  the  current  approved water quality standards to
 obtain  the  latest  information  for special purposed and applications;  These
 can  be  obtained  from  the  Stat
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       • • '              '         •   REFERENCES


 5   Calif oral*  Thermal  Water  Quality Control Plan for Control of Temperature
     in Coastal and Interstate Waters and Enclosed Bays and Estuaries

 9   Florida  Administrative Code, Chapter 17-4, 1987 and Florida Administrative
     Code, Chapter 17-3, 1988.

 20  Water  Quality  and  Water  Pollution  Control*    Subtitle  50, Chapter 1
     Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene.                         '

 35  Ohio  Water  Quality  Standards, Chapter 3745-1 of the Administrative Code,
     Ohio Environ aental Protection Agency,  1985.

 38  Pennsylvanii   Water  .Quality   Standards,   Department  of  Environmental
     Resources,  Title  25.   Part^l.  Subpart   C.   Article  II.   Chapter  93 of
     Pennsylvania Code.

 40  South  Carolina  Water   Classifications  and  Standards,   Regulation 61-68,
     Office  of  Environmental  Quality  Control,   South  Carolina Department of
     Health and Environmental Control,  1985.

 43  Texas  Surface Water  Quality  Standards,   Texas   Water  Commission,   Rule
     Change,  1988.

 M  Utah  Standards  of  Quality   for  Waters of the State,  Bastevater  Disposal
45
             y*telr  lluallty  Standards,  State of Vermont Water Resource Board,
                                                                 -
46  Virginia Water Quality Standards, State Water Control Board, 1987.


48
                                                                  : State Water


51  Water Quality Standards for American Samoa, July 1984, page 17.


                                    Standards'  Gu««  Environmental  Protection :


54  S23B!I.rlt5  °f  ^rt*™  Mariana  Islands Marine •«» F«sh Water Quality
    Standards, Commonwealth Register, Vol.8, No. 5, 1986, page 4465.


56            dFr                     Standard  UgulmtioM, Trust Territory,
57             1:
                                     -5-

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 EHVISONHEtiT  REPORTER.  She  Bureau of National Affairs,  Inc.,  ¥ashington,  D.C.
     20037..             .
 1   Pages 701*1003-1004, June 26, 1931, 701:1005-1010, September  5,  1980.
 2   Pages 706:1004, 1008, November 7, 1986. .
 3   Page 711:1018, February 7, 1986.
,4   Page 716:1004, August 30,"1985,    ~^~
 6  .Pages 726:1009, 1012, August.22, 1986.
 7   Pages 731:1004-1007, May 14, 1982.                          .
 8   Pages 736:1007-1019, March 28, 1986.
 9   Pages 746:1009-1J10, September 5, 1986.
 11  Pages 756:1003-1007, Septeaber 20, 1985.
 12  Pages 761:1027, 1031-32,  January 23, 1987.
 13  Pages 766:0506, 0508-0509, December 31, 1982.
 14  Pages  771:1003-1004,   August  10,  1984,  771:1007-1008, Deasmber 26,. 1980,
     771:1014, 1016, 1019,  January 10,  1986.
 15  Pages 776:1005-1006, December 26,  1986.                 '
 16  Page 781:1011, March 27,  1987.
 17  Pages 786:1008-1009, November 29,  1985.
 18  Page 791:1007, January 18,  1985.
 19  Pages 796:0521-0522, January 23,  1987.                            .
 21  Pages 806:1002-1003, June 21, 1985.                                ;!
 22  Pages 811:1006-1007, February 13,  1987.
 23  Pages 816:1006-1008, June 25, 1982.
 24  Pages 821:1002-1003, October 25;,. 1985.
 25  Page 826:1008, June  21, 1985.
 26  Pages 831:1004-1009, April  19, 1985.                     •
 27  Page 836:1003, March 27,  1987.
 28  Pages 841:1001, 1005,  1008, Junjt 29, 1984.

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 29  Page 846s 1005, Octobers, 1984.


 30  Pages 851:1004, 1015-1016, 1025, April 11, 1986.


 31  Page 856:1002, June 11, 1982.


 32  Pages £61:1039-1040, November 29, 1985.


 33  Pages 866:1008, September 6,  1985, 866:1009, 1013, August 29, 1986.


 34  Page 871:1003, June 7, 1985.


 36  Pages 881:1003-1005, September 26, 1986.
 37   fSff ^v,?861™!!'1?^   10°8'   1Q10'   1012-1013,   1015,  1017-1018,  1020,
     1022-1023,   1025,  1028,  1030,  1032,  1036,  1038,  1040,  1042, 1044, 1046, May
     9,- 1986.


 39   Pages 901:1003,  1005,  August 9,  1985.


 41   Pages 911:1005-1006, March  22, 1985.


 42   Pages 916:0542-0544, September 7,  1984.


 47   Pages 941:1001,  1003-1005,  October 21, 1983.


49   Pages 951:1002,  1004,  December 19, 1986.


50   Pages  956:1005-1006, July 5, 1985.


52   Page  741:1003, March 28, 1986.


55   Page 896:1003, December 23, 1983.
                                    -7-

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State      .             Water Oac mad  Criteria Values
Alabama                 Public ¥ater Supply:
                        a.  The  maximum   temperature   in  streams,   lakes,  and
                        reservoirs,  other than those in river basins listed in
                        Part b, hereof, shall not exceed 90 F.

                        b.  The  maximum   temperature   in  streams,   lakes,  and
                        reservoirs  in  the  Tennessee  and Cahaba River-Basins,
                        and  for.  that  portion  of  the Tallapoosa River Bnsin
                        from   the   tailrace   of  Thurlow .Dam  at  Tallassee
                        downstream  to the junction of  the Coosa and  Tallapoosa
                        Rivers   which  has  been  designated  .by  the  Alabama
                        Department  of  Conservation  and  Natural Resources as"
                        supporting  snail-mouth bass, satiger,  or walleye, shall
                        not exceed 86 f.

                        e.   The   Ba>iaua in-stream   temperature  rise  above
                        ambient  witte?  temperature  due  to  the  addition,  of
                        artificial  heat   by  a discharger shall not  exceed  5°F
                        in  streams!,  lakes,  and reservoirs in ion-coastal  and
                        non-estuarine areas.

                        d.   The   maximum  in-stream  temperature  rise  above
                        ambient  water  temperature  due  to  thus  addition  of
                        artificial  heat  by  a discharger shall not exceed 4°F
                        in  coastal  or  estuarine  waters  during  the  period.
                        October  through  May,   nor shall the  rine exceed 1.5°F
                        during the period June through September,,

                       •e.   In   lakes   aid  reservoirs  there  shall  be  no
                        withdrawal  from,   cor  discharge  of  heated waters to,
                        the-  hypolimnion  unless  it  can  be   shown  that such
                        discharge  or  withdrawal   will   be beneficial to water
                        quality.

                        f.   In  all  waters  the   normal  daily .and  seasonal
                        temperature  Variations  that were present before the
                        addition   of  artificial  heat shall be maintained,  and
                        there  shall  be  no  thermal block to the migration of
                        aquatic organisms.                    .

                        g.   Thermal  permit limitations  in   State  discharge
                        permits  may  be  less  stringent than  those  required by
                        criteria   a  through d hereof   when   a showing by the
                        discharger ' has  been  made   pursuant  to Section 316 of
                        the   Federal Water  Pollution   Control Act  (FWPCA),  33
                        U.S.C.  1251 et  seq.  or pursuant to a-stindy  of an equal
                        or more   stringent  nature   required   by   the State of
                       Alabama,   authorized by  Title  22, Section  22-22-9(e),
                        Code  of   Alabama,   1975,   that   such   limitations will
                       assure  the   protection  and  propagation of  a balanced,
                        indigenous   population  of shellfish, fish  and wildlife,
                        in and on  the  body of water to which the discharge is

                              ,    •  -8-    ' .  .            '         -   ' ' .

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 State              ^  •  Water Use and Criteria Values "-
                         made.   Any  such  demonstration shall take into account
                         the  interaction  of .the  thermal  discharge component
                         with o|her pollutants discharged.

                         Svining  and  Other  Whole  Body Water-Contact Sports:
                         Same as Public Water Supply

                         Shellfish Harvesting:  Same  as Public Water Supply

                         Fish and Wildlife: Same as  Public  Water  Supply

                         Agricultural   and  Industrial Water  Supply:' The maximum
                         temperature   rise above.natural  temperatures  before the
                         addition  Of   artificial  heat  shall not  exceed 5°F in
                         streams,   lakes,  and  reservoirs,  nor shall the maximum
                         water temperature exceed 90 F,

                         Industrial  Operations:   Sime    as  Agricultural   and
                         Industrial Water Supply

                        navigation:  Same  as Agricultural and Industrial Water
                         Supply
Alaska2                 Fresh Water Uses:
                        Drinking,  Culinary,  and  Food  Processing - Shall not
                        exceed IS C.

                        Water Supply:
                        a.   Agriculture,   Including   Irrigation   and  Stock
                             Watering - Shall not exceed 3D°C.

                        b.   Aquaculture  -  Shall not exceed 20°C at any time.
                             The  following  maximum  temperature  shall not be
                             exceeded,  where applicable:
                                       Migration Routes - 15°C
                                       Spawning Areas - 13°C         ....
                              .       .  Rearing Areas - 15 C
                                       Egg & Fry incubation - 13°C
                             For    all  .other   waters,the   weekly   average
                             temperature   shall   not   exceed  site .specific
                             requirements  needed  to  preserve  normal  species
                             diversity   or  to  prevent  appearance of nuisance
                             organisms.

                        c.    Industrial,   Including  Any Water Supplies  Used  in
                             Association  with _a  Manufacturing   or Production
                             Enterprise     (Other    Than   Food    Processing),
                             Including     Mining,     Placer    Mining,    Energy
                             Production  or Development  - Shall not  exceed 25°C.

                        Water Recreation:
                        a.    Contact Recreation  - Shall  not exceed  30°C.

                                    -9-                             :'   I

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State .               • - Water Ose and Criteria Values
                        b.   Secondary Recreation - Hot applicable.
                                  r                   '                      • .

                        c.   Growth  and  Propagation of Fish, Shellfish,  Other
                             Aquatic  Life,  and  Wildlife  Including Waterfowl
                             and  Fur bearers  -  Shall  not  exceed 20°C ai: any
                             time.,  The following maximum temperature shall not
                             be exceeded, where applicable?
                                    '   Migration Routes - 15 C
                             -    . •    Spawning Areas - 13 C
                         '         .     Rearing Areas - 15 C   .
                                • .>•••   £gg & Fry Incubation - 13 C.   :
                             For. .all .  other  .waters, .  the.  weekly  average
                             temperature   shall   not  ixcoed  site  specific
                             requirements  needed  to  preserve  normal species
                             diversity  or  to  prevent  appeanimce of nuisance
                             organisms.                 -

                        Marine Waters:            '  '   _

                        Water Supply:
                        a.   Aquaeulture  -  Shall not cause thie weekly average
                             temperature   to   increase  more  than  1C.  The
                             maximum  rate of change shall not 
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 Stmte

 Arizona'
 Water Use and Criteria Values                      .

 Domestic Water Source - No standard.

 Full  Body  Contact  and  Incidental Human  Contact - No
 person   shall   raise   the   natural   ambient   water
 temperature more than 3  degrees Celsius.

 Aquatic  and  Wildlife  -  No  person  shall  raise  the
.natural   ambient   water  temperature  more  than   3.o
 degrees Celsius.     .

 Aquatic  and  Wildlife,  Cold Water Fishery •- No person
 shall  raise the natural ambient water temperature more
 than• l..o degrees Celsius.    -                    ...   .

 Agricultural   Irrigation  and  Agricultural  Livestock
 W/.teeing - No standard.
ArkunjutJi
                        Seat  shall  not be added  to any waterbody  in  uxcess'of
                        the  amount  that will elevate  the natural  temperature,
                        outside  the  mixing  zone,  by more   than S°F  (2.8°C)
                        based  upon  the  monthly  average of  the maximum  daily
                        temperatures   measured  at  mid-depth or  three   feet
                        (whichever is less) in streams, lakes  or reservoirs;

                        Maximum allowable temperatures are ecoregion specific.
California-
                                                                        thermal
The  standards  establish  a  complex  set  of
requirements.      For  many  categories  of  receiviig
waters,  requirements  differ  between  "thermal wast•»"
(herein  "TV,"  defined  as water used for  transporting
waste  heat)  and  "elevated temperature waste" (herein
"ETff,"  defined  a  any  discharge,  including  thermal
waste  but  excluding  irrigation  return   water, which
exceeds the natural temperature of the receiving water.

1« Cold Interstate Waters 1 ETff's are prohibited.

2. Warm Interstate Waters
a)   TV's  with  temperature  greater  than  5gF  above
receiving water temperature are prohibited.

b)  ETff's  shall  not raise receiving water temperature
by more than 5 F.
                        c)   Colorado
                        Lake   Havasu.
              River - Maximum rise 5°F in river, 3°F in
                    Maximum   temperatures  in  degrees
                                    -11-

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State
Water Use and Criteria Values

Fahrenheit!
Jan
Feb
Bar
Apr
Hay
June
60
65
70
75
82
86
                                       Jul
                                       Aug
                                       Sept
                                       Get
                                       Nov
                                       Dee
                      90
                      90
                      90
                      82
                      72
                      65
                        d)  Lost  Itiver
                        temperature.
                 --  Maximum rise 2°F up to 62°F maximum
                        3. Coastal I Waters  '    • .. .  ...-.-..•..  •; '• ' ".•
                        a) Existing Discharges           :
                             1)  ETO's  aust  comply with limitations necessirry
                                 :b protect beneficial uses.

                        b) Mev Jischarges.                             .
                             1'  ETV's  oust  be  to  open  ocean avay fror, the
                                shoreline,   dispersion  through  the  vertical
                                water column.
                             2)  ETO's  avay  froa
                                significance.
                            areas of special biological
                             3) TV's   oust  have  a  naxiaua  tdsaperature  not
                                exceeding vater temperature by more than 20°F.

                             4) ET¥'s  gust not increase vater tdioperature more
                                than  4°F at (a) shoreline, (b) surfaced beyond
                                1,000  feet froa the discharge system.  Surface
                                liniti  Bust  be maintained at least 502 of the
                                tidal  cycle.    Alternate  objectives  may  be
                                specified  if  they  assure  full protection of.
                                the  aquatic  environment.    (May be specified
                                only vith State Board and EPA concurrence.)

                             5).Additional  limitations  may  be  imposed  vhen
                              ,  necessary to protect the aquatic environment.

                        4.  Enclosed Bays
                        a)  Existing Discharges
                             1)  ETW's  must  comply vith limitations necessary
                                to {protect beneficial uses.

                        b)  Mev Discharges
                             1)  ETV's  must  comply vith limitations necessary
                                to -protect beneficial uses.  Maximum discharge
                                temperature  must  not  exceed  receiving vater
                                temperature by more than 20°F.

                             2)  TV's  vith  temperature greater than 4°F above
                                receiving water temperature are prohibited.
                                     -12-

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State                   Water Dae and Criteria Values

    '          .          5. Batuariea ',„,:.,
                        a) Existing Discharges
                             1) Ely's:
                             a)  Temperature  shall  not exceed receiving water
                                temperature by more than 20 P.

                             b)  Must  not,  individually  or  combined, create
                                zone  (receiving  water  temperatures more than
                                1 P  -above   natural)  which  exceeds  25*  of
                                cross-sectional area of main channel;

                             c)  No .discharge  shall  cause:  a  surface  water
                                temperature .rise  greater  than  4°F above the
                               •natural  temperature  of the receiving water at
                                any time or place.  '

                             d)   Additional   limits    necessary   to  protect
                             -  beneficial, uses.

                             2)  TV's  must comply  with 5A(1)  and their maximum
                                temperature must  not exceed. 86°F.

                       b) Hew Discharges

                             1)  ETV's must  comply with  5A(1).

                             2)  .TV's with temperature greater  than 4°F above
                                receiving water temperature are prohibited.

                             3)   Additional   limits    necessary    to  protect
                                beneficial  uses.

                       General  Provisions  -  Standards  also contain  general
                       provisions which  include  the following:

                       1.  Authorization for additional individual limitations
                       to  confine  heat dispersion to a 1 1/2°F isotherm.in a
                       minimal, defined area;

                       2,  Prohibition of cumulative heat effects in  excess of
                       the standards;

                       3.   A  requirement  that  the  State  Board   designate
                       biologically significant areas for special protection?

                       4. Authorization to make exceptions if:

                            a) The heat discharge will be beneficial;

                            b)  Intermittent  heat  is  the least harmful method
                               of  control  fouling  organisms  in  intake  and
                               discharge structures;
                                    -13-

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 State •                •  Vater Use and Criteria Values

                              e)  Compliance vould cause a great
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 State
            •
 Connecticut'
  Water Dae and Criteria Values

  Inland  Waters:   Class  AA.  - No increase other than of
-.natural   origin  except when  it can be demonstrated that
  cold   water  fish  spawning   and  growth  will  not  be
  impaired.

  Inland Waters: Class A - Same as Class AA.

  Inland  Waters:   Class B - No increase except  where the
  increase will   not exceed the recommended  limit on the
 most  -sensitive   receiving  water  use  and in no case
 exceed  85  degrees  F,  or in any.case raise the normal
  temperature  of  the. receiving water more than  4 degrees
. F.  •      .   •      . •  .    .'..'_      ...

 Inland Waters: Class C -  SEE*  as  Class B.

 Coastal  and  Marine  Waters:  Class   S£ -No  increase
 except   where   the   increase  will   not  exceed  the
 recommended , limit  on  the  most  sensitive  receiving
 water  use and in no case exceed 83 degrees F or in any
 case  raise  the  normal  temperature  of the receiving
 water   more  than  4  degrees  P.  During  the  period
 including   July,   August,    September,   the   normal
 temperature  of the receiving water shall not be raised
 more  than  1.5  degrees F.  unless it can be shown that
 spawning  and  growth  of indigenous organisms will not
 be significantly  affected.

 Coastal and Marine Waters: Class SB - Same as Class SA.

 Coastal  and  Marine Waters:   Class SC - Saiie  as Class
 SA.                   .           '•-.-'
Delaware'
General   Criteria  for  Freshwater  Streams  -  Outside
approved  mixing   zones,   maximum  rise  above  natural
conditions  shall  be  5   degrees  F.  Maximum allowable
strean  temperature shall be  85  degrees  F.   unless
exceeded  due   to natural  conditions.  No  increase above
85 degrees F. due to discharge shall be allowed.

Cold  Water Fisheries  - Outside  approved mixing  zones,
maximum   rise   above  natural  conditions   shall   be   5
degrees   F.  Maximum allowable stream  temperature shall
be ^75  degrees   F.  unless  exceeded   due   to natural
conditions.  No   increase  above   75   degrees  F.  due  to
discharge shall be allowed.

General   Criteria  for  Saltwater Streams  - Outside
approved  mixing  zones,  maximum  rise above natural
conditions  shall  be  4  degrees  F. (September through
May)  and 1.5 degrees F. :~ •.'..•'•   .-.'•'.
             -15-  •""          :     '•''''".     '-  •'  '

-------
State ••               _  aauej: use anu waiteri& »a-Lues

                         i5 degrees.due to discharge shall be allowed.

                         Specific  (Criteria  for Delaware River - No heat may be
                         added  except  .in  designated  mixing zones vhich vould
                .   .      cause  temperature to exceed 86 P. or which would cause
                         the  temperature  to  be  raised  sore  than 4°F during
                         September  through  Hay or to be raised more than 1.5°F
                         during  June  through  August.  The rate of temperature
                         change  in  designated  mixing  zones  shall  not cause
                         Mortality of fish, shellfish, their eggs or larvae.

      ' Q           .     •      •    •••••.   '   .••''.'•..-.'.  " .-
•Florida  .             .   All  surface  waters  of  the State shall at all places
  -.  •..   ••'.'.   ...   and at all times be free from    thermal  components of
                         discharges  which  alone  or  in coribination with other
                         components    of   discharges   (whether   th
-------
State                   Water Use and Criteria Values


                                  b.  The  projected  lifetime  of  the  existing
                                  discharge;
                                  c.  Any  adverse  economic  and environmental
                                  (including  non-water  quality) impacts which
                                  would result from such conversion; and

                                  d. Such other factors as may be appropriate.

                        b..  Heated water sources proposed for future discharges
                        into  RBW  controlled  by  the state shall not increase
                       .the   water   temperature  by  more  than  the  monthly
                        temperature  limits  prescribed for the particular type
                        and  location of the BB¥.  New sources shall include all
                        expansions,   modifications,   alterations, replacements,
                        or  repairs  which result  in an increased output of ten
                        percent   .(10*)    or   aore   of  the  level  of  energy
                        production  which  existed on the date this rule became -
                        effective.   .Water  temperatures  shall  be  measured by
                        procedures   approved  by  the  Florida  Department   of
                        Pollution    Control   (DPC).    In  all  cases  where  a
                        temperature    rise  above  ambient   is  allowed  and  a
                        maximum  RBff  temperature  is  also prescribed,  the lower
                        of    the    two    limitations    shall    be  the   control
                        temperature.                             .            t

                        e. Definitions.                     .                '
                            i.  Ambient   (natural)" temperature of a RBV  is  the
                            existing  temperature  of  the receiving water at  a
                            location  irhiefa  is  unaffected by manmade thermal
                            discharges  and  a  location  which  is  alsc> of  a
                            depth  and  exposure  to  winds and  currents which
                            typify  the  most  environmentally stable portions
                            of the RBV.

                            ii.   Coastal  waters  shall  be  all waters in the
                            state  which are not:classified as .fresh waters or
                         .   as open-waters. ''••'•    •       '   ,: ••'••'..

                            Ui.   A  cooling  pond is a body of water enclosed
                            by natural   or  constructed  restraints which has
                            been   approved  by the Florida DPC for purposes of
                            controlling     heat   dissipation   from   thermal
                            discharges.                                       -•."_"'

                            iv.    An  existing  heat   source  is  any  thermal
                            discharge (a) which is  presently taking place,  or
                            (D)  which  is  under  construction or for which a
                            construction  or  operating permit has been issued
                            prior  to the effective date of  this rule.

                            v.  Fresh waters shall be all  waters? of the state
                            which  are contained in lakes and  ponds,  or are  in

                                    -17-

-------
SUitc       •           ' Water Dae pad Criteria Values
                             floving  streams  above   the  zone   in which  tidal
                             actions  influence  the   salinity of the water  and
                             where  ! the  concentration  of  chloride  ions   is
                             normally less than 1500 ag/1.

                             vi.  Open  waters  shall  be  waters  in the state
                             extending  seaward  from  the most seaward 18-foot
                             depth  contour  line  (three-fathon  bottom  depth
                             contour)•  which  is  offshore  from  any  island;
                          .... exposed  or submerged bar or reef; or mouth of  any
                             enbayment   or   estuary   which  in . narrowed,  by
                             headlands.  Contour .lines shall be determined from
                         ..  .Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts.  .          ;..."'..

                             vii.  The  joint  of  discharge (POP) for a heated
                             water  .discharge  shall be primarily that point at
                             which  the effluent physically leaves its carrying
                             conduit  /open or closed), and discharges into  the
                             waters  of  the  state, or, in the went it is mot
                             practicable  to  measure temperaturct at the end of
                             the    discharge   conduit,   a   specific   point
                             designated  by the Florida Department of Pollution
                             Control for that particular thermal discharge.

                             viii.  Heated  water  discharges are the effluents
                             from   commercial   or  industrial  activities  or
                             processes  in  which water is used for the purpose
                             of  transporting  waste heat,  and which constitute
                             heat  sources-of one Billion British Thermal Units
                             per hour (1,000,000 BTU/HR.),  or greater.
                                        • •
                             ix.  Slowdown  shall mean the minimum discharge of
                             recirculating  cooling  water  for  the purpose of
                             discharging  materials contained in the water, the
                             further    buildup    of    which    would   cause
                             concentrations   in   amounts   exceeding   limits
                             established by best engineering practice.

                             x.   Recirculating  cooling  water shall mean water
                             which  is   used  for the purpose of removing waste
                             heat  and  then passed through a cooling system for
                             the  purpose   of removing such heat from the water
                             and  then,  except  for blowdown,  is  used  again to
                             remove waste  heat.

                        d.  Monthly and  maximum temperature limits
                             i.   Fresh  Waters - Heated water with  a temperature
                             at   the POD  more than 5 degrees F higher  than the
                             ambient  (natural) temperature of any stream shall
                             not  be discharged into such stream. At all times
                             under  all conditions of stream flow  the discharge
                             temperature  shall  be controlled so  that  at least
                             two-third   (2/3)  of  the  width  of   the  stream's
                             surface remains at ambient (natural) temperature.

-------
    State          .         ffmteg Use and Criteria Values  •

                                 Further,  no  more  than,  one-fourth   (1/4.)  of  the
                                 cross-section   of   the   stream  at  a   traverse
                                 perpendicular  to  the flov shall be heated  by  the
                               .discharge.  Heated vater vith a temperature  at  the
                                 POD  more thin'3 degrees F higher than the ambient
                                 (natural)  temperature    of any lake or reservoir
                                 shall   not   be  discharged  into  such  lake  or
                                 reservoir.  Further,   no  heated    vater  vith  a
                                 temperature   above   90   degrees   F   shall  be
                                 discharged  into  any  fresh  vaters  in  Northern
                                 Florida  regardless  of the ambient temperature of
                                 the  HBV.  In  Peninsular  Florida,   heated vaters
                                 above  92  degrees F shall not be discharged into
•  '      '                '  •       fresh vaters."•'   ' •       _' ••••"'    '•  •  ''-••'•

                                 ii'   Coastal  Waters  -    Heated  vater   vith  a
 *                                temperature  at  the   POR  more  than  2 degrees F
                                 higher  than  the ambient  (natural)  temperature of
                                 the  RBff  shaU  not   bs  discharged  into  coastal
                                 vaters  in  any  zone  during   the months of June,
                                 July,   August,  and  September.  During the remainder
                                 of   the  year,  heated  vater vith  a  temperature at
                                 the  POD  aore  than  4 degrees F higher than the
                                 ambient  (natural)  temperature  of   the RBtf shall
                                 mot  be  discharged  into   coastal  vaters   in any
                                 zone.   In addition, during June, July,  August,-and
                                 September,  .no  heated  vater  vith  a  temperature
                                 above   92 degrees  F   shall   be  discharged   into
                                 coastal  vaters.  Further,• nonheated vater vith a
                                 temperature   above   90   degrees   F   shall   be
                                 discharged   into  coastal vaters during the period
                                 October through May.

                                 iii.    Open   Vaters    -   Heating  vater  vith  a
                                 temperature  at   the  POD up to 17 degrees F  above
                                 ambient   (natural)  temperature  of the RBtf may  be
                                 discharged  from  an  open  or closed conduit into
.                                 open  vaters  under  the folloving restraints: The
   :                              surface   temperature  of  the  RBV  shall  not   be
                                 raised  to more than 97 degrees F and the POD must
               .                  be  sufficient  distance  offshore  to ensure -that
                                 the  adjacent coastal  vaters are not heated beyond
                                 the temperature permitted in such vaters.

                                iv.   Cooling  Ponds -  The temperature for heated  .
                                vater  discharged  from  a  cooling  pond shall be
                                measured  at  the  POD  from  the  pond,  and  the
                                temperature  limitation  shall   be  that specified
                                for the RBW.

                           e.  General.
                                i.   Daily  seasonal temperature  variations  that
                                vere  normal  to  the   RBV  before the addition of
                                ho&t  from  other   than  natural  causes shall be

                                        -19-

-------
State
           Use .and Criteria Values
                             Maintained.           •

                             ii.   Recapitulation of  temperature  limitations
                             prescribed above s                       .
         ZONE
STREAMS   LAKES
COASTAL
OPEN
                                        SUMMER
                              REMAINDER
         NORTH.


         PENIN.
90oF Max  99°F Max. 92o Max.  90°F Max. 97°F Max.
AM. +S°F  AM.->3°P  AM. +2°F  AM. +4°P  AM. *15oF
92°F Max. 92°F Max. 92°F Max. 90°P Max. 97°F Max.
AM. +5°F  AM. +3°F  A«. +2°F  AM. +4°F  AM.  fl^p'
Georgia'
       10
     Drinking  Water  Supplies - Not  co exceed. 90 degrees. F.
     At  no  tine is the temperature of the receiving vaters
     to  be  increased  more  than  5 degrees  F above intake
     temperature   except   that  -in  estuarine  vaters   the
     increase  will  .not  be  more  than  1.5  degrees F. In
     streams  designated as primary trout or smallmouth bass
     vaters  by  the  State  Game  and  Fish Division, there
     shall  be  ho elevation or depression o£  natural stream
     temperatures.  In.streams designated as secondary trout
     vaters,  there  shall  be  no  elevation  or depression
     exceeding 2 F of natural stream temperatures.

     .Recreation - Same as Drinking Water Supplies.

     Fishing,  Propagation  of  Fish,  Shellfish,  Game   and
     Other  Aquatic  Life:  or  for  any other use requiring
     water  of  a  lover  quality  -  Same as  Drinking Water
     Supplies.

     Agricultural  -. Hot to exceed 90 degrees F. At no time
     is  the  temperature  of  the  receiving  vaters  to.be
     increased   more   than   5   degrees  F  above  intake
     temperature   except   that  in  estuariite  waters  -the
     increase will not be more than 1.5 degrees F.

     Industrial - Same as Agricultural.

     Navigation - Same as Agricultural.
Bavaii
      11
     Vater  Column  Criteria for Streams - Temperature.shall
     not vary more than 1C from ambient conditions.

     Specific   Criteria  for  All  Estuaries  Except  Pearl
     Harbor  - Temperature shall not vary moiris than 1°C  from
     ambient, conditions.
                                     -20-

-------
 State .                   Water Use and Criteria Values
                         Specific  Criteria  for  Only  Pearl  Harbor  Estuary -
                         Temperature  shall  not vary more than 1°C from ambient
                         conditions.
                          :•  - f -' f- - '-.-         ' ^"T-I ' "  •' ' ".

                         Specific  Criteria  for  Subayaents - Temperature shall
                         not vary more than 1C from ambient conditions.

                         Specific   Criteria   for   Open   Coastal   Waters
                         Temperature  snail,  hot vary more than 1°C from ambient
                         conditions,   .    .  ••'•.'  __-   ;..   .••   •
  .          '       ...        ,  •        . .    ..
Idaho                   ¥»ir»  ¥ater Biota - Hater temperatures of 33°C or less
                        vith a maximum  daily average hot greater than 29 ?C.

                        Cold  ¥ater Biota - Water temperatures of 22°C-or less
                        .srith a maximum  daily average of no greater tha'i 19°C.
           -             .                                                  *    .
                        Salaonid   Spawning - Water .temperatures of 13°C or less
                        vith a maximum  daily average no greater than 9°C.

                        Regulations    Governing    Point   Source   Vastewater
                        Discharge   -   The  vastewater  must   not  affect  the
                        receiving  vater outside  the  mixing zone so that:

                         i.   The   temperature .of  the   receiving  water  or of
                        downstream waters  will interfere with  designated uses.

                        ii.     Daily    and   seasonal    temperature   cycles
                        characteristic  of  the vater  body are not maintained.

                        iii.   If   the water is designated for  warm water biota,
                        the  induced variation is more than +2°C.

                        iv.   If the water  is  designated for cold water biota  or
                        salmonid  spawning,   the induced  variation is  more than
     •  '. •               . *1 C.  •.    •'/.."•     '  •  .  '   .    . • • .      ••....-...-,


Illinois                a.  Temperature  has   STORET number (P°)  00011 and (C°)
                        0010.

                        b.  There shall be no  abnormal  temperature  changes that,
                        may  adversely  affect  aquatic   life  unless  caused  by,.,
                        natural conditions.

                        c.   The   normal   daily   and    seasonal   temperature
                        fluctuations  which existed before  the addition  of heat
                        due to other than natural causes shall be maintained.

                        d.   The   maximum   temperature    rise  above   natural
                        temperatures shall not exceed 2.8°C  (5°F).


                                     -21-                           • .   '       '

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State    •           •    Water Use and Criteria Values
                        «.  In addition the water  temperature at  representative
                        locations  in  the  nain   river  shall  not   exceed  the
                        maximum  limits in the following table during more  than
                        one  percent of the hours  in the 12-month period  ending
                        with  any  month.  Moreover, at no time shall the water
                        temperature   at  such  locations  exceed the  maximum
                        limits in the following table by more than 1.7°C  (3°F).
JAN.
FEB.
MAR.
AER.
MAT
JUNE
16
16
- 16 -
. 32
32
•32
60
60
60
90
90
90
JUL.
AUG.
SEPT.
OCT.
NOV.
DEC.
32
32-
' 32
32
32 •
16 '
90
.90
90
90
90
60
                        f.  The  owner  Or  operator  of  a  source-  of  heated
                        effluent   which.,  discharges   15,000  megawatts  (0.5.
                        billion  British  thermal units per hour)'or more shall
                        demonstrate  in  a  hearing  before this Board not less
                        thim  5  nor more than 6 years after the .effective date
                        of  these  regulations  or, in the case of new sources,
                        after  the  :ooaencement  of operation, that discharges
                        from   that  source  have  not  caused  iund  cannot  be
                        reasonably  expected  to  cause  significant ecological
                        damage  to  the  receiving waters. If such proof is not
                        made  to  the  satisfaction  of .the  Board appropriate
                        corrective  measures  shall  be  ordered  to  be  taken
                        within a reasonable time as determined by the Board;

                        g.  Permits  for  heated  effluent  discharges, whether
                        .issued  by the Board or the Agency, shall be subject to
                        revision   in   the   event   that   reasonable  future
                        development  creates  a  need  for  realloeation of the
                        assimilative   capacity  of  the  receiving  stream  as,
                        defined in the regulation above.

                        h.  The  owner  or  operator  of . a  source  of  heated
                        effluent  shall  maintain such records and conduct such
                        studies  of  the  effluents  from  such  sources .and of
                        their  effects  as  my  be required by the Agency or in
                        any permit granted under the Act.

                        i.  Appropriate  corrective  measures  will be required
                        if,   upon  complaint  filed  in  accordance. : with Board
                        rules,   it  is  found  at  any  time  thsit  any  heated
                        effluent  causes  significant  ecological damage to the

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State               ;   • Water Dae and Criteria Values

                        receiving stream.
                        j.  All  effluents  to  an artificial cooling lake must
                        .comply  with  the  applicable provisions of the  thermal
                        water   (quality  standards  as  set  forth  in   Section
                        302.211  and Part 303, except when all of the following
                        requirements are met:

                             1.  All  discharges  from  the  artificial cooling
                             lake  to other waters of the State comply with the
                             applicable   provisions   of  Sections  302.211(b)
                             through 302.211(e).

                             2. :   The   heated   effluent   discharged  to  the
                             artificial  cooling  lake  complies with all other
                             applicable  provisions  of  this  Chapter,   except
                             Sections 302.2il(b) through 302.211(e).

                             3.  At  an  adjudicative  hearing  the  discharger
                             shall  satisfactorily  demonstrate  to  the  Board
                             that  the  artificial  cooling  lake receiving the
                             heated    effluent    will    be   environmentally
                             acceptable,   and  within  the  intent  of the Act,
                             including,  but not limited to:

                                  A.    Provision   of   conditions  capable  of
                                  supporting  shellfish,  fish and wildlife, and
                                  recreational  uses   consistent  with  good
                                  management practices;  and

                                  B.   Control   of   the  thermal component  of the
                                  discharger's  effluent   by   a technologically
                                  feasible and economically reasonable method.

                             4.   The   required showing  in  Section 302.211(j)(3)
                             may •  take    the    form  of   an   acceptable   final
                             environmental  impact   statement    or  pertinent
                             provisions   of environmental assessments used'in
                             the    preparation  of   the  final   environmental
                             statement,   or may   take   the   form of a showing
                             pursuant   to  Section  316(a)  of   the  CWA, which
                             addresses      the   requirements    of    Section
                             302.211
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Stmt*                   later use and Criteria Values
                        Secondary   Contact   and   Indigenous   Aquatic   Life
                        Standards:

                        a.  Temperature  (STORE!  number  (°F)  C0011  and  (°C)
                        00010)  shall  not  exceed  34°C (93°F) more than 5X of
                        the time, oir 37.8 C (100 F) at any time.

                        Lake. Michiffjin later Quality Standards:

                        a.  STORE!  numbers  for temperature are (°F) 00011 and
                        ro oooio.

                        b.  The  ovner  vc  operator  of  a  source' .of  heated
                        effluent . shall  maintain s-ich records and conduct such
                        studies  of the effluents from such source and of their
                        effects  as  may  be  required  by the Agisney or in any
                        permit granted under the /.ct.

                        e.  Backfitting  of alternative cooling facilities will
                        be  required  if,  upon  complaint  filed in accordance
                        vith  Board  rules,  i.t  is  found at any time that any
                        heated  effluent  causes  significant ecological damage
                        to the Lake.       '

                        Existing Sources on January 1,  1971.      ,

                        a.  All  sources of heated effluents  in existence as of
                        January  1,   1971 shall meet the following restrictions
                        outside  of  a  mixing  zone which shall be no greater
                        than  a circle vith afradius of 305 m (1000 feet) or an
                        equal  fixed area of simple form.

                            1.   There shall be no abnormal.temperature changes
                            that may affect aquatic life.

                            .2.   The .normal  daily, and  seasonal  .temperature
                            fluctuations  that  existed  before  the addition of
                            heat shall be  maintained.

                            3.   The maximum temperature  rise at any time above
                            natural   temperatures   shall   not exceed   1.7°C
                            (3  F).  In  addition,   the water temperature shall
                            not exceed  the  maximum  limits indicated  in  the-
                            following  table:
                                    -24-

-------
 Stmte          ••'.•'..   gater Pae and Criteria Values
                                             °F                  °C        °F
JAN.
FEB.
MAR.
APR; •-..-•.
HAT ; ' .
JUN.
45
45
45
55
60
70
7
7
7
13
16
21
JUL.
AUG.
SEPT.
OCT.
NOV. .
DEC.
80
80
80
65 .
60
.50
27
27
27
18
.16
10'
                        b«  The  owner  or  operator  of  a  source  of  heated
                        effluent   yhich   discharges   15.000'  megawatts  (0.5
                        billion  British  Thermal Units per hour)  or  more shall
                        demonstrate  in  a  hearing  before this Board  not less
                        than  5  nor  more than six years after  the'adoption.of
                        this  regulation, that discharges from that source have
                        not  caused and cannot be reasonably  expected in future
                        to  cause significant ecological damage  to the  Lake.  If
                        such  proof  is  not  made  to  the satisfaction of the
                       .Board,   backfitting  of  alternative cooling   devices
                        shall  be  accomplished  within  a  reasonable   time  as
                        determined by the Board.

                        Specific  river  temperatures are listed iii Environment
                        Reporter, pages 766:0510-0512 (March  28, 1S86).

       14
Indiana                 later Quality for ¥arn Water Pish:
                        (The  following  standards  are  established  to  ensure
                        conditions   necessary   for   the   maintenance   of  a
                       ;well-balanced,   warm  water  fish  community.   They are
                        applicable  at   any  point in the waters outside  of the
                        mixing zone.)

                        *•  There shall be no abnormal temperature changes that
                        may  adversely   affect  aquatic  life  unless  caused by
                        natural conditions.

                        b.   The  .normal    daily   and   seasonal  temperature
                        fluctuations   that  existed  before the addition  of heat
                        due to other  than  natural causes  shall be maintained.

                        c.  The  maximum  temperature  rise at  any time of place
                        above  natural   temperatures shall not exceed  5  degrees
                        P.  (2.8  degrees  C.) in streams  and  3 degrees  F. (1.7
                        degrees C.) in  lakes  and  reservoirs.
                                     -25-

-------
State
Water Uac and Criteria Values

d.  Water  temperature shall  not   excised  the maximum
limits  in  the  following   table  during more than one
percent  of  the  hours  in   the  12-mont;h period ending
with  any Month; at no time  shall the winter temperature
at . such  locations  exceed   the  maxima limits in the
table by more than 3 degrees P. (1.7 degrees.C.).
                                              St. Joseph River.  Other
                                  Ohio River    . Tributary  to    Indiana
                                  Main Stem .
                                  O«' fQf, \ •
                                   F. I C.J
                         ^•^^•^ ^w«»^ wr   !!•.•• ^a»^»»»<»
                         Lake Michigan  Streams
                         °P (°C.) _     °P (°S.)
January
February
March
.April
Hay
June
July
August:
September
October
November .
December
50 (10.0)
30 (10.0)
60 (15.6)
70 (21.1)
80 (26.7)
87 (30.6)
89 (31.7)
89 (31.7)
8? (30.7)
78 (25.6)
70 (21.1)
,57 (14.0)
50 (10.0)
50 (10. 0)
55 (12.8)
65 (18.3)
75 (23.9)
85 (29.4)
85 <29.4)
85 (29.4)
85 (29.4)
70 (21.1)
60 (15.6)
50 (10.0)
50 (10.0)
50 (10.0)
60 (15.6).
70 (21.1)
80 (26.7)
90 (32.2)
90 (32.2)
90 (32.2)
90 (32.2) "
78 (25.5)
70 (21.1)
57 (14.0)

                        Water Quality for Cold Vater Pish:
                        (The  folloving  standards  are  established   to ensure
                        conditions   necessary   for   the   maintenance  of   a
                        veil-balanced,  cold  vater  fish  community.  They are
                        applicable  at  any  point in the vaters outside of the
                        mixing zone.)

                        a.   In   lakes   and   streams,   vhere   the  natural
                        reproduction  of  trout  and salmon is to be protected,
                        no heat shall be added.
                                     -26-

-------
State          .      '   Water Use and Criteria Values
                        b.  In  put-and-take streams, no'heat shall  be  added so
                       •as  to cause temperatures to exceed 65 degrees  F.  (18.3
                        degrees  C.)  or  a  5 degrees F.  (2.8 degrees  C.)  rise
                        above natural, whichever is less.

                        e.  In  lakes  where a put-and-take trout fishery is to
                        be protected, no heat shall be added.

                        Lake  Michigan  and  Contiguous  Harbor Areas:  Minimum
                        Alter  .Quality  Standard  -  the  following  temperature
                        standards and criteria shall apply:

                        a.  All  temperature .are  expresses  both  in  degrees
                        Fahrenheit   and  degrees  Celsius.  In  all  receiving
                        waters  th-s  point  of  measurement shall normally be in
                        the  first • meter below the surface at such depth as to
                        avoid   t'-iin  layer  surface warming  due  to  extreme
                        ambient   air   temperatures,   but  where  required  to
                        determine   the  true distribution of heated wastes and
                        natural variations in  water temperatures,  measurements
                        shall  be  at a greater  depth and  at several depths as a
                        thermal profile.                    '

                        b.   There   shall   be no abnormal  temperature changes so
                        as   to be  injurious to  fish, wildlife, or other  aquatic
                        life   or    the    growth  or propagation,  thereof.   In
                        addition,   plume   interaction  with the bottom shall be
                        minimized    and  shall  not  injuriously   affect  fish,
                        shellfish,  and wildlife spawning or nursery  areas..

                        c.   The    normal    daily    and    seasonal   temperature
                        fluctuations  that   existed  before the addition  of heat
                        shall  be maintained.

                        d.  At  any  time  and at a maximum distance  of  a  1,000
                        foot  arc   inscribed from a fixed  point adjacent to  the
                        discharge   and/or  as  agreed  upon by the Commissioner
                        and  Federal  Regulatory  Agencies,, the receiving water
                        temperature  shall not be more than 3° Fahrenheit above
                        the  existing  natural  water temperature nor shall  the
                       maximum  temperature  exceed  those listed in the  table
                        below, whichever is lower:
                                      °F        °C
January
February
March
April
May
45
45
45
55
60
7.0
7.0
7.0
13.0
15.5
                                    -27-

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State
Pater Use and Criteria Values
                        June
                        July
                        August
                        September
                        October
                        November.
                        December
               70
               80
               80
               80
               65
               60
               50
21.0
26.5
26.5
26.5
18.5
15.5
10.0
                        e.  All  'near  waste. heat discharges or (enlargements of
                        existing  facilities  exceeding  a daily average of 0.5
                        billion  BTU/ho'ir,  which had not begun operation as 6f
                        February  11, 2572, and which plan to usoling,  shall  be. linitod to the amount
                        essential  for  blowdown  in  the operation of a .closed
                        cycle cooling facility.

                        f.  Water  intakes  shall  be  designed  and located to
                        minimize    entrainnent  -and   damage   to   desirable
                        organisms.  Requirement  may  vary depending upon local
                        conditions  but, in general intakes are to have minimum
                        water  velocity and shall not be located in spawning or
                        nursery  areas  of  important fishes. Water velocity at
                        screens  and other exclusion devices shall also be at a
                        minimum.                                     .       •
                        g.   Discharges
                        be   such  that
                        intersect.
                othfir  than  those now in existence shall
                the  thermal   plumes  do not  overlap or
                        h.   Facilities discharging more than a daily average of.
                        0.5  billion  BTU/hour of waste heat shall continuously
                        record  intake  and  discharge temperature and flow and
                        make  those  records  available  to regulatory agencies
                        upon request*               .               ....

                        Grand  Calumet  River;  Indiana  Harbor:   Minimum Water
                        Quality Conditions:
                        (The  following  standards  are applicable at any point
                        in  the stream outside the mixing zone.)        '

                        a.   There shall be  no abnormal temperature changes that:
                        may  adversely  affect  aquatic  life  unless caused by
                        natural conditions.

                        b.   Water   temperature  shall   not,   at the edge  of the
                        mixing  zone,    exceed   the   maximum  limits in  the
                        following table:
                                    -28-

-------
    State      .             later Use and Criteria Values
                            Month           Grand Calumet  River -
                                      Indiana Harbor  Ship  Canal °F (°C)
                            January             60  (15.6)
                            February       :     60  (15.6)
                            March               60  (15.6)
                            April               65  (18,3)
                            May                 75  (23.9)
:                            June                85  (29.4)
                            July                87  (30.6)
 I                           August              87  (30.6)
                            September           85  (29.4/
                            October             75  (23.£)
                            November            70  (21.1)
                            December            60  (15.6)
V
                            Natural  Spawning,  Bearing,  or  Imprinting  Areas for
                            Salmonid Fishes:
                            (This  standard  is  applicable  at  any  point  in the
                            waters outside the mixing zone.)                    •

                            No heat shall be added.

                            Migration Routes for Salaonid Fishes:
                            (These  standards  are  applicable  at any point in the
                            waters outside of the mixing zone.)

                            a.    The   normal   daily   and   seasonal  temperature
                            fluctuations   that  existed before the addition of heat
                            due to other, than natural causes shall be maintained.

                            b.
                            appve  .—.«.•„• . .axu^A-   uwh  BACBCU  v*)  two  degrees
                            Fahrenheit.   In  addition,   the  temperature  shall not
                            •Yf*AAtfi  7A «4 A «•»*.««•  0._U._-._l-_ J *.  _ ^  ___  .1
                              The  maximum  temperature rise at any time or place
                             ve   natural   shall  not  exceed  (2)  two  degrees
                          Fahrenheit.  In  addition,  the  temperature  shall not
                          exceed  70  degrees  Fahrenheit  at  any  time or place
                          during  periods  of  migration  nor  exceed  85 degrees
                          Fahrenheit at any time.                                -
       15
                           Class B:
                           1.  No  heat  shall be added  to  interior  streams  or the
                           Big  Sioux  River  that would cause an increase of more
                           than  3 Cfi  The  rate  of   temperature change  shall not
                           exceed  1 C per hour. In no case shall heat.be added in
                           excess  of  that  amount  that  would  raise the  stream
                           temperature above 32 C,

                                        -29- '       •--,.••     ..._-.

-------
State                   Water Oae and Criteria Values
                        2.  No  heat  shall  be  added  to  streams  designated as
                        cold  vater  fisheries   that would cause an  increase of
                        nor*  than  2 C.  The  rate of  temperature change shall
                        not  exceed  1C  per  hour.  In   no ease  shall heat be
                        added  in  excess  of  that amount that vould raise  the
                        stream temperature above 20 C.

                        3;  No heat shall be added to lakes and reservoirs that
                       .vould  cause; an increase of' more,  than 2°C. The rate of
                        temperature  change  shall  not exceed 1 C per hour.,  In
                        no  case  shall . heat be added in  excess of  that -amount
                        that  vould  raise  the  temperature  of   the  lake   or
                        reservoirs above 32 C;                      .

                        4.  Mo  heat  shall be added to the Missouri river that
                        vould  cause  an increase of nori  than 3°C. The rate of
                        temperature  change  shall  not exceed 1C per hour.  In
                        no  case  shall  heat  be  added   that  vould raise  the
                        stream temperature above 32 C.

                        5.  No  heat  shall  be  added to  the Mississippi river
                        that  vould  cause  an   increase   of more  than 3°C.  The
                        rate  of  temperature  change shall not exceed 1°C.  per
                        hour.   In   addition,   the   vater   temperature    at
                        representative   locations  in  the  Mississippi  river
                        shall  not'exceed the maximum limits in the below table
                        during  more' than  one  percent   of  thus  hours in  the
                        12-month  period ending with any month. Moreover, at:  no
                        time  shall  the  vater  temperature  it such locations
                        exceed  the  maximum  Units in the below  table by more
                        than 2°C.
                                     -30-

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 State •                .  Water Use and .Criteria Values
                         Zone:II—Iowa-Minnesota state line to  the Northern
                         Illinois border (Kile Point 1534.6)
                         Zone III—Northern Illinois border (Mile Point 1534.6)
                         to Iowa-Missouri state line.
                         Month          Zone II        Zone III
January.
February
March
April
'Jay
June
.July
August
September
October
November
December
4°C
4°g
12?C
18°C
24°C
29 C
29°C
29°C
28°C
23°C
14°C
9°C
'.' 7°C • .-".'.:.
?'"".- • '
•*•» -C' • ' • ' - • '
26°C
26°C
29**C
30°C
30°C
29°C
24°C
18°C

Kansas                  Surface  Waters  - Artificial sources shall not  elevate
                        the  temperature  of  the  receiving  water above  90°F.
                        Heat  of  artificial  origin  shall  not  be added :o  a
                        stream  in  excess  of  the  amount that vill raise  the
                        temperature  of  the  water more than 5°F above  natural
                        conditions*  The  epilimnion  of  lakes  shall   not  be
                        raised  more  than  3 F  above  that  temperature  which
                        existed  before  the  addition  of  heat  of artificial
                        origin.  The  normal  daily  and  seasonal  temperature
                        variations  before  the  addition  of heat due..to-other
                        than  natural  causes  shall be maintained. Occasional,
                        natural  thermal  conditions  may  exceed  the  maximum
                        allowable temperature requirements.


Kentudcy                ¥arswater  Aquatic  Habitat  -  Temperature  shall  not
                        exceed  31.7  degrees Celsius (eighty-nine (89) degrees-
                        Fahrenheit):
                             1.   The  normal1  daily  and  seasonal  temperature
                             fluctuations  that   existed before the addition of
                             heat  due  to  other  than natural causes shall be
                             maintained.

                             2.   The  cabinet  will determine  allowable surface
                             water   temperatures    on  a  site-specific  basis
                             utilizing available   data which  shall be based on
              . . -            the   effects  of  temperature  on  the aquatic biota

                                   '  -31-    - '  -'       .     .   .  '       ' .    .

-------
State
Water Use and Criteria Values

     which  utilise*  specific  surface  waters  of   the
     Commonwealth   and   which   nay  fcie  affected   by
     person-induced  temperature  changes.  Effects   on
     downstream   uses   vill  also  be  considered   in
     determining   site-specific   temperatures.  As  a
     guideline,  the  water temperature for all surface
     waters  shall  comply with the limits shown in the
     following table:

.Month/Date
Januarr 1-31
February 1-29
March 1-15
Hard. 16-31
April 1-15
April 16-3(1
May 1-15
May 16-31
June 1-15
June 16-30
July 1-31
August 1-31
September 1-15
September 16-30
October 1-15
October 16-31
November 1-30
December 1-31
Period
. Average
C°P>
45
45
51
54
58
64
68
75
80
83
84
84
84
82 .
77
72
67
52
Instantaneous*' ' .:'••:,
Maximum. • ...
•• <°F> •: . • '•-••
50
50
56
59
64
69
73
80
85
87
89
89 .
87
86
82
77
72
57
                             3.   A.  successful demonstration concerning thermal
                             discharge .limits carried out under Section 316(a)
                             of    the   Clean   Water   Act   shitl!  constitute
                             compliance  with  the  temperature requirements of
                             this   subsection.    A   successful  demonstration
                             assures   the  protection  and  propagation  of  a
                             balanced  indigenous  population of shellfish,  fish
                             and   wiildlife  in  or  on the water into which they
                             discharge is made.

                        Coldvater Aquatic  Habitat  -  Water, temperature shall
                        not   be   increased  through  man's activities above the
                        natural seasonal temperatures.
                                    -32-

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State                 .  Water Use and Criteria Values
Louisiana               General Criteria
                        (Numerical •  criteria   specifically   apply   to  water
                        quality  conditions  of the surface vaters of  the state
                        that  are  attributed toewaste discharges or activities
                        of man as opposed to natural conditions.)

                        The  temperature standards enumerated in the tables, in
                        most   cases,represent  maximum  values  obtained  from
                       • existing  data.  However,   in  a  few  cases  a limited
                        number  .of  unusuallv high temperatures in the range of
                        35°  to  36°C (95^97°?)  have been deleted as it is felt
                        that  these  values  were recorded during conditions of
                        unseasonably  high  temperatures  and/or  unusually low
                        flows   or   water   levels,   and,  therefore,   do  not
                        represent normal maximum temperatures.

                        The .standard shall consist  of two parts,  a  temperature
                        differential     ard   a  maximum   temperature.    The
                        temperature   differential   represents    the    maximum
                        permissible  increase above   ambient conditions.  There
                        shall   be  no additional.artificial heat added  once  the
                       .ambient  temperature reaches   the maximum  temperature
                        specified  in   the standards   except  under   natural
                        conditions  such  as unusually   hot,  dry  weather   as
                        provided  for  below:

                        (a) Fresh later                        '.'.•••

                           (1)   Maximum  of 2.8°C (5°P)  rise above ambient  for
                               streams  and  rivers.             •

                           (2) Maximum  of  1.7°C (3°F)  rise above ambient  for
                               lakes and reservoirs.

                           (3) Maximum  Temperature  -  32.2°C  (90°F)  except
                               where  otherwise  listed in the tables. Maximum
                       ;        temperature  shall  be varied on a .case-by-case
                               basis  to.  .allow  for  the  effects .of natural
                               conditions  such  as  unusually  hot  and/or dry
                               weather.

                       (b) Istuarine and Coastal Vaters

                           (1) Maximum  of  2.2°C  (4°F)  rise - above   ambient
                               during the period October through May.

                           (2) Maximum  Q.83°C   (1.5°F)  during  the period  June
                               through September.

                           (3) Maximum  Temperature  - 35°C (95°F) except  when
                               natural  conditions   elevate  temperature above
                               this level.
                                   -33-

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State   '                Water Use and  Criteria Values

                        These    temperature   criteria   shall   not  apply  to
     •  •                 privately owned   reservoirs*  or reservoirs constructed
          . '             solely for industrial  cooling purposes.

                        .(For segment specific  criteria see Environment Reporter
                        pp.791:1021-4056 January 18,  1985)


Haiti*19       .          Freshwater   Them!   Discharges -   No  discharge  of
    .                  .  pollutants  shall   cause .the ambient temperature of any
                        freshwater  body* as measured  outside  a mixing zone,  to
 .  .    •'   ,           .be  raised  more  than. 5  degrees . F,  or   more than 3
 ,    • •»    •             degrees   F in  the epilimnion of  any lake  or pond. In  no
                        event  shall, any-discharge .cause the temperature of any
                        freshwater  body  to   exc*id   84 degrees  F  at  any point
                        outside   a  mixing  zone  established  by  the Board, nor
                        shall  such  discharge cause  the  temperature .of any
                        waters  which  presently rre designed as trout  or salmon
                        waters  to  exceed  68 degrees F at any point  outside a
                        mixing zone established by the Board.

                        Tidal  Water   Thermal  Discharges -   No  discharge  of
   .  •                   pollutants  shall   cause  the monthly  mean  of  the daily
                        maximum   ambient  temperature  in any tidal   body  of
                        water,  as  measured   outside  the  mixing   zone, to  be
                        raised  more   than  4  degrees   F,  nor   more   than 1.5
                        degrees   F  from  June 1  to  September  1.  In no event
                        shall  any discharge cause the temperatune  of  any tidal
                        waters  to  exceed  PS degrees F at any point  outside a
                      .  mixing zone established by the Board.

        20                 '                 ""     '                     ' '
Maryland                Class  I  Waters:  Water  Contact Recreation;  Aquatic
                        Life,  and  Water  Supply  -  The maximum   temperature
                        outside   the   mixing zone determined in accordance  vith
                        Section   F  of  this  regulation or  with  Regulation
        ,•              .29-.32  .may   not  exceed  90°F   (32°C)   or  the. ambient
                 .       temperature    of    the  surface : waters,  whichever  is
      '   -         •     greater.     '•'"•'    '          ''           •''.'•

                        A  thermal  barrier that adversely affects, aquatic  life
                        may not be established.                             .

                        Class  n  Waters: Shellfish Harvesting - same as Class,
                        I waters.

                        Bacteriological - same as Class  I waters.

                        The   maximum   temperature  outside   the  mixing   zone
                        determined   in  accordance  with  Section   F   of   this
                        regulation  or  with  Regulation  .29-.32  may not exceed
                        68 F  (20 C)   or the ambient temperature  of  the surface
                        water, whichever is greater.     .


                    .  ., .  '      •     -34-           '           •.-'•*

-------
 State                   Water Pae and Criteria Values
                        .A  thermal  barrier that adversely  affects aquatic life
                         may not be/established.
                        ••.•-•-•-••:.: • :J- 'i- •   '•     svsj-'j : A;  '* .-
                         Class  17  Waters:  leereatiooal  Trout  Waters   -  The
                         maximum  temperature outside the mixing zone determined
                         in  accordance  with  Section  F  of this  regulation or
                         vith  Regulation  .29-.32  may not exceed  758F (23.9°C)
                         or  the  ambient  temperature  of  the  surface  water,
                         whichever is greater.                                    .

                         A  thermal  barrier that adversely affects aquatic life
                         may not be established.   ...          .  .    -.
              21          Inland Waters:
                         Class  A,   Class B,  aad Class C - Shell not exceed 83°F
                         (28.3 C)   in  warm  watar  fisheries,  or 68°F (20°C) in
                         cold   water fisheries nor shall the rise resulting from
                         artificial origin exceed 4.0 F (2.2°C).

                         Coastal and Marine Waters:
                         Class  SA,   Class SB,  and Class SC - No  increase except
                         where  the  increase  will  not  exceed  the recommended
                         limits  on  the  most sensitive water use.
        22
Michigan                General Considerations:
                        (1)   In  all  waters  of  the  state,   the   points   of
                        temperature   measurement  normally  shall  be   in   the
                        surface   1   meter,   but  where  otherwise  required,
                        measurements  shall  be  made  at  greater  depths as a
                        thermal profile.

                        (2)   Monthly   maximum   temperatures,  based   on   the
                        ninetieth   percentile   occurrence  of  natural  water
                        temperatures  plus  the increase allowed at the edge  of
                        the  mixing .zone and in part on long-term physiological
                        needs  6f  fish, may be exceeded for short periods when
                        natural  water  temperatures  exceed  the the ninetieth
                        percentile  occurrence.  Temperature  increases  during
                        these  periods  may be permitted by the commission, but
                        in  all  cases  shall  not  be greater than the natural
                        water  temperature  plus  the  increase  allowed at the
                        edge of the mixing zone.

                        (3)     Natural    daily    and   seasonal   temperature
                        fluctuations   of  .the  -receiving   waters   shall  be
                        preserved.

                        Great Lakes and Connecting ¥aterss
                        Cl)   The  Great   Lakes   and connecting  waters  shall not
                        receive  a   heat   load  which  would warm the  receiving
                        water at   the   edge  of   the  mixing   zone more than 3
                        degrees  Fahrenheit  above  the  existing natural water

                                    -35-

-------
State
Water Uae and Criteria Values
                         temperature..  •       .
                                  I                    •                •
                         (2)  The Great  Lakes  and connecting waters shall not
                         receive  a  heat  load  which  would van the receiving
                         water   at  the  edge of the mixing zone to temperatures
                         in   degrees    Fahrenheit  higher  than  the  following
                         monthly maximum temperatures:

                          .  .a.   Lake   Michigan  north  of a line due west from
                             •the city  of Pentwater:
                             J    F   M   A   M   J.  . J   A   5   0   N  D   .
                             40  40 40  50  55  70  75  75  75  65  60 45/   •
                             b.  Lake  Michigan  south  of. a lime die west, form
                             the city of Pentwater:
                             JFHAMJJASOND
                             45  45  45  55  60  70   80  80  80  63  60 50

                             e. Lake Superior and the St.  Marys River:
                             JFMAMJJASO.ND
                             38  36  39  46  53  61   71  74  71  61  49 42

                             d.  Lake Huron north of  a line due east  from Tawas
                             point:
                             JFMAMJJASOND
                             40  40  40  50  60  70   75 80  75  65  55 45

                            .e.  Lake Huron south of  a line due east  from Tawas
                             point, except Saginav bay:
                             J   F   M.  A   M    J   J  A   S    0    N .D
                             40  40  '40  55-  60  75   80 80  30  65  55 45

                             f. Laic? Huron, Saginav bay:
                             JFMAMJJASOND
                             45  45  45  60  70  75   80 85  78  65  55 45

                             g. .St. Glair river:
                         —  J   F   M   A   M   J   J   A   S    0    N  D
                             40  40  40  50  60   70   75  80  75  65  5550

                             h. Lake St.:Clair:
                             J   F   M   A   M   J   J   A   S    0    N  D
                             40  40  45  55  70  75  80  83   80  70  55 45

                             i. Detroit river:
                             JFMAMJJASOND
                             40  40  45 .60 ,70  75  80 .83   80  70  55 45

                             k. Lake Erie:
                             J   F   M   A   M   J   J   A    S    0    N  D
                             45  45  45  60  70  75  80  85   80  70  60 50

                        Inland  Lakes,   General  Standards  -   Rale  72.  Inland
                        lakes  shall not receiv§, a heat,sload which would:
                                     '• •- v  ' - •,--•&'.. „!.-•  •_ ,'._*,, !„«„' ".-j . " ".      ,

                                   :  -36-        ''                •  :

-------
State                   Water Dse and Criteria
                             a.  Increase the temperature of the  thermocline  or
                             hypolianion or decrease the volume thereof.

                             b.  Increase  the  temperature  of   the  receiving
                             waters  at th* edge of the mixing rone more than 3
                             degrees  Fahrenheit  above  the  existing  natural
                             water temperature.

                             c.  Increase  the  temperature  of  the  receiving
                             waters   at   the  edge  of  the  mixing  zone  to
                             temperatures  greater  than  the following monthly
                             maximum temperatures: .                         ,
                             J   P  .M   AM  J   J.   A   S   0   N   p
                             45  45  50  60  70  75   80  85  80 70  60  50

                        Inland lakes,   Anadromous  SaLwnid Migrations - Rule
                        73.   Warwater  inland  lakes  which serve-as principal
                        migratory  routes  for  anadromous   salmouids shall no-
                        receive  a heat load  during   periods of migration at
                        such   locations   and   in  &   manner  which  may adversely
                        affect  salmonid migration or raise  the receiving water
                        temperature  at  the edge of  the  mixing zone more  than  3
                        degrees  Fahrenheit  above  the  existing  natural water
                        temperature.

                       Rives*, Streans  and Inpouadaeats:

                       1.  Elvers, streams, and impoundments naturally capable
                       of  supporting  coldwater fish shall not receive a heat
                       load which would do either of the following:
                            a.  Increase  the  temperature  of  the  receiving
                            waters  at the edge of the mixing zone more  than 2
                            degrees  Fahrenheit  above  the  existing  natural
                            water temperature.

                            b. Increase  the  temperature  of   the  receiving
                            waters   at   the  edge   of  the mixing  zone  to
                            temperatures  greater   than  the following.monthly
                            maximum temperatures:                    •.•••'•
                            J  F   M   A  M   J    J   A   S  0    N   D
                            38 38  43  54 65  68  68   66   63  56  48  40

                       2.  Rivers,  streams, and  impoundments naturally capable
                       of  supporting  warmwater fish shall  not receive  a heat -
                       load   which would warm the receiving water at the edge•'•*
                       of  the mixing  zone   more  than 5  degrees Fahrenheit
                       above  the  existing natural  water temperature..

                       3^  Rivers,  streams, and  impoundments  naturally capable
                       of  supporting  warmwater fish shall  not receive a .heat
                       load   which  would warm the receiving water at  the edge
                       or  the  mixing   zone   to temperatures greater  than  the
                       rollowing  monthly maximum temperatures.
                                   -37-

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  State '        •     .   . Water Use and Criteria values

                               a.  For rivers, streams, and impoundments north of
                               a  line  between Bay City, Midland, Alma and North
                               Muskefom
                               JFMAMJJASOND
                               38  38  41  56  70  80  83  81  74  64  49  39

                               b.  For rivers, streams, and impoundments south of
   .             .     .          a  line  between Bay City, Midland, Alma and North
                               Muskegon, except the St. Joseph river:
        .                       J   F   MA   M   J   J   A   S   0   N   D
                             .  41-  40  50  63  76   84  85  85  79  68  55  43

.•'•'•      '    '•-".      c. St.' Joseph-river:     '  ' -.'"••''    '   •      '•• •  ••'
                               J   F   MA   M  J   J  A   SO   N   D
                               50  50  5»  65  75  85  85 85  85  70  60  50

                         4.    Non-trou:   rivers    and  streams  that   serve as
                         principal  migratory  routes   for   anadriimous salmonids
                         shall  not   receive  a heat   load  during periods of
                         migration  at   such  locations  and   in a manner which
                         adversely   affect   salmonid  migration or  raise  the
                         receiving  water  temperature at the edga  of  the  mixing
                         zone  "ore  than 5 degrees  Fahrenheit above the  existing
                         natural water  temperature.

      • .   23       •     ' •                •
 Mixinesota               Fisheries   and  Recreations  Class  A -   No  material
                         increase in  temperature.

                         Class  B  -  5°F above natural in streams: and 3°F above
                         natural  in  lakes,  based  on  nonthly  average of  the
                         maximum  daily  temperature, except  in no case shall it
                         exceed the daily average temperature of 86°F.

                         Class  C .-, 5°F above natural in streams and 3°F above
                         natural  in  lakes,  based  on  monthly  average of the
                         •axinum  daily  temperature  except in no case shall.it
  .•                       exceed the. daily average temperature of 90°F.      .

            2 A   ."•':'   •   ,.""'..•.'
Mississippi             The    maxiinio    temperature    rise   above    natural
                         temperatures  shall  not   exceed  5°F in streams,  lakes
                         and  reservoirs-nor shall  the maximum water temperature
                         exceed  90 F,  except  that  in the Tennessee  River t:he«~
                         temperature   shall  not   exceed  86°F.  In lakes  amd
                         reservoirs  there   shall   be  no .withdrawals   from  or
                         discharge  of  heated  waters  -to the hypolimnion unless
                         it   can be shown that such  discharge will be beneficial
                         to   water  quality.   In all waters  the normal  daily and
                         seasonal   temperature variations   that were  present
                         before   the  addition of   artificial   h
-------
State                   Water Dae and Criteria Values
                         period  October  through  May nor more than 1.5°F above
                         natural  for  the  months June through September. There
                         shall   be  no thermal block to the migration of aquatic
                         organisms.    Requirements   for  zones  of  passage  as
                         referenced   in  Section  I (8) shall apply.  In addition
                         to   the  general  requirements  of  Section   192),   the
                         temperature  shall  be measured at a depth of 5 feet in
                         waters   10   feet  or  greater  in  depth;  and for those
                         waters    less   than  10   feet  in  depth,   temperature
                         criteria will be applied  at mid-depth.

                         In   those   specific  eases  where  natural,   conditions
                         elevate   the  temperatures  in  excess  of   the  limits
                         expressed  herein,   Section  I  <3)   shall   apply  on  a
                         ease-by-case  basis. •
Missouri25              Classified Waters:
                        1.  Beyond  the  mixing  flone, vater contaminants shall
                        not  raise  or  lower  the temperature of a stream more
                        than  five  degrees (5 )P. Water contaminants shall not
                        cause  or contribute to stream temperature in excess of
                        ninety  degrees  (90°)F. However, site^specific ambient
                        temperature   data   and   requirements   of  sensitive
                        resident  aquatic species will be considered, when data
                        are  available,  to  establish  alternative  maxima  or
                        deviations from ambient temperatures.

                        2.  Hater  contaminants shall not raise the temperature
                        of  designated  cold-water fishery waters more than two
                        degrees  (2 )P.,   nor  shall the;r cause the temperature
                        of these waters to exceed sixty-^ight degrees (68°)F.

                        3.  Vater  contaminants  shall not cause any measurable
                        rise  in  the   temperature  of  lakes.   An  increase is
                        allowable  for Lake Springfield,  Thomas Hill Reservoir,
                        and  Montrose   Lake;  however,   discharges  from  these
                      .  lakes must  comply  with  thermal, limits for streams.   --'•

                        4.   For  the   Mississippi  River,   Zones   1A and 2,  the
                        water  temperature outside   the   mixing  zone shall  not
                        exceed   the  maximum  limits  indicated  in the following
                        table  during   more  than one  percent  of the  tine in  any
                        calendar  year.  The  Zone  IB   table limits  may not be
                        exceeded  more  than  five  percent  of  the   time in a^
                        calendar  year.  At  no  time  shall  the  river water
                        temperature  outside of 25X of the cross sectional area
                        or  volume  of  the  Driver  exceed the  listed  limits by
                        more  than  3  degrees  F.  Zone lA-Des Moines River to
                        Lock  and  Dam  No.  25.  Zone IB-Lock  and Dam No.25 to
                        Lock  and Dam No. 26. Zone 2-Lock and Dam No. 26 to  the
                        Missouri-Arkansas state line.
                                    -39-

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State          •   .    •  ¥atcr Use and Criteria Values
                                        Zones 1A, B (°P>    Zone 2 (°F)
January
February .
Hareh
April
May
June
July
August.
September '
October "•
November
Deceaber
45
45
57
68
78
86
88
88
86
75
65
52
50
50
60
70
80
87
B9 '.."..•: •• •
.89 ' ' ... . ,
1 ' • • 87 • ..' • . •••
78
70
57
                        The  Clean  Water  Commission  vill  consider  granting
                        exceptions  to  these  limits. Environmeintal Protection
                        Agency   concurrence   vill   be   obtained  before   an
                        exception is granted.


Montana                 Class  A-X  -  A  1°F  maximum increase above naturally
                        occurring  water  temperature  is  allowed  within .the
                        range  of .32 F to 66 F; vithin the naturally occurring
                        range  of 66°F to 66.5°F, no discharge is allowed which
                        vill  cause  the  water temperature to exceed 67°F; and
                        where  the  naturally  occurring  water  temperature  is
                        66.5 P  -or  greater,  the maximum allowable increase  in
                        water  temperature  is  0.5°P.  A  2°P per hour maximum
                        decrease  below  naturally  occurring water temperature
                        is  allowed  when  the water temperature is above 55°F,
                        and  a  2 F  maximum decrease below naturally, occurring
                        water  temperature  is allowed within the range of 55°F
         •               to 32°F;   ...   ;  ;-   •/. -/   .      . .  •     :-..,.....

  '                      Class  B-l  -  A  1°P  maximum increase above naturally
                        occurring  water  temperature  is  allovad  within  the
                        range  of  32 P to 66 F;  within the naturally occurring
                        range  of 66°F to 66.5°F, no discharge is allowed which,
                        win  cause  the  water temperature to exceed 67°F; and.
                        where  the  naturally  occurring  water  temperature  is
                        66.5 F  or  greater,   the maximum allowable increase  in
                        water  temperature  is  0.5°F.   A  2°F p«»r hour maximum
                        decrease  below  naturally  occurring water temperature
                        is  allowed   when  the water temperature is above 55°F,
                        and  a  2 F  maximum decrease below naturally occurring
                        water  temperature  is allowed  within th«» range of 55°F
                        to  32 F. This  applies   to  all  waters:  in the state
                        classified  B-l  except  for  Prickly  Pear  Creek from
     :              •     McClellan   Creek   to  the  Montana  Highway  No.  433

                                    .-40-                            •

-------
State                   Water Use and Criteria Values
                        crossing  where  a 2 F maximum increase above naturally
                        ocgurring  water is allowed within the range of 32°F to
                        65 F£  within  the naturally occurring range of 65°F to
                        66.5 F,  no  discharge  is allowed which will cause the
                        water   temperature  to  exceed  67°F;  and  where  the
                        naturally  occurring  water  temperature  is  66.5°F or
                        greater,    the  maximum  allowable  increase  in  water
                        temperature is 0.5°F.

                        Class-  B-2  -  A  1°F.  maximum increase above naturally
                       ^occurring  water  temperature  is  allowed  within  the
                        range  of  32°F to 66°Fj  within the naturally occurring
                        range  of 66 F to  66. 5 IT,  no  discharge is allowed  which
                       vill cause  the  water temperature to exceed 67?Fj  and
                       ^he|§  t«e  naturally   occurring  water  temperature is
                       66.5 F  or  greater,   the  maximum allowable  increase in
                       water  temperature is  .0.5°f .   A  2°F per hovr maximum
                       decrease   below naturally occurring  water  temperature
                       is   allowed when   the water  temperature  is  rbove  55°F,
                       and   a  2  F maximum decrease below naturally occurring
                       water  temperature is allowed within  the range of 55°F
                       to 32 F.      '                                   -

                       Class B-3  -  A  .3 F  maximum increase above naturally
                       occurring  water   temperature  is  allowed  within  the
                       range  of  32 F to 77°Fj within  the naturally occurring
                       range  of  77°F  to  79.5°F,  no  thermal  discharge is
                       allowed  which  will  cause  the  water  temperature to
                       exceed  80 F;  and  where the naturally occurring water
                       temperature   is   79.5°F   or   greater,  the  maximum
                       allowable  increase  in  water  temperature is 0.5°?. A
                       2 F   per   hour   maximum   decrease  below  natunilly
                       occurring  water  temperature is allowed when the water
                       temperature  is  above  55°F, and a 2°F maximum decrease
                       below  naturally occurring water temperature is allowed
                       within the range of 55°F to 32 F.
                            i.  These,  allowable  increase apply to all waters
                            in  the  state classified   B-3,   except—for   the
                            painstem   of   the -Yellowstone  River  from   the
                            Billings   water    supply   intake  to  the water
                            diversion  at  Intake,  where a 3°F  maximum increase
                            above  naturally   occurring  water  temperature  is
                            allowed  within the  range  of 32°F to 79°F; within
                            the  range  of  79°F  to  81.5°F,  no  thermal discharge.
                            is  allowed which will cause the water temperature-
                            to  exceed  82  F; and where  the  naturally occurring
                            water    temperature  is   81.5°F or   greater,  the
                                    allowable  increase  in water temperature
                           ii.  From  the  water  diversion  at Intake to the
                           Horth  Dakota  state  line, a 3°F maximum increase
                           above  naturally  occurring  water  .temperature is
                           allowed  within  the range of 32°F to 82°F; within
                                   -41-

-------
 State
 Water Use and Criteria Values
                              the  range of 82°F  to 84.5°F,  no  thermal  discharge
                              is  allowed which will cause  the  winter  temperature
                              to  exceed 85 F? and where  the natiurally  occurring
                              water   temperature  is  84.5°F   or  greater,   the
                              maximum  allowable  increase   in  waiter  temperature
                              is-0.5 F.

                         Class . Crl  -  A  1°F  maximum increase above naturally
                         occurring  water'  temperature  is  allowed  within   the
                         range  of  32 F to 66°F; within  the naturally occurring
                         range  of 66- F to 66.5°F, no discharge is allowed wliich
                         will,  causa  the  water. temperature to exceed 67°F;  and
                         where  the  naturally  occurring '.water  temperature is
                         66.5 F  or  greater,   the maximum allowable .increase in
                         water  temperature  is  0.5 F.  A  2°F per hour maximum
                         decreiise  below  naturally  occurring water temper; .ture
                         is  vllowed  when  the water temperature is above JS°F,
 and   a  2 F
 water  temperature
 to 32°F.
                                      maximum decrease below naturally occixring
                                             is allowed within the range of 55°F
                         Class C-2 - Same as Class C-l.

                         Class   S   »   No    increase  in  naturiitlly  occurring
                         temperature  is   allowed  which  will  or.  is likely to
                         create   a  nuisance  or  render  the  winters  harmful,
                         detrimental,     or     injurious   to    public   health,
                         recreation,   safety,   welfare,  livestock,  vild animals,
                         birds, fish,  or  other wildlife.

                         (Ilass C-3 -  Same as Class B-3.
Nebraska
        27
Aquatic  Life  -  The  temperature of a receiving water
shall  not  be  increased  by  a total of more  than 5°F
(3 C) from natural outside the mixing zone.
                        For  the Missouri River, from the South Dakota-Nebraska
                        State  Line  near  Ft. Randall Dam to Sioux City, Iowa,
                                                           °F  (29°C)  with   an
maximum
limit  is  85'
         temperature  -unii  is  aa F  (Z9~C)  with  an
allowable  change  of  4°F (2°C) from natural. For cold
waters  the  maximum  limit  is  72°F  (22°C)  with  an
allowable  change  of  5°F (3°C) from natural. For warm
                        waters   the   maximum   limit   is  90MF  (32"C).  For
                        impoundments,  the  temperature  of  the  epilimnion of
                        surface  waters shall not be raised more than 3°F (2°C)
                        above  that  which  existed before the addition of heat
                        of  artificial  origin.  Unless  a  special study shows
                        that   the   discharge  of  heated  effluent  into  the
                        hypolimnion  will  be  desirable,  such practice is not
                        recommended  and water for cooling should not be pumped
                        from  the hypolimnion to be discharged to the same body
                        of water.
                                     -42-

-------
 State
 Irkter Use and Criteria Values
 Nevada
       28
 Class  A  - Must not exceed 20°C. Allowable temperature
 increase  above  natural  receiving  water temperature:
 None.
                                                 exceed 20°C for trout waters or
                         	4&
                         24°C
        B  -  Must  not
        for   non-trout  waters.  Allowable  temperature
 increase  above  natural  receiving water temperatures:
 Hone.
                        Class
                        34°C
        C  -  Must  not  exceed 20°C for trout waters or
        for   non-trout  waters. .  Allowable  temperature
 increase above normal receiving water, temperature:  3^C.

 Specific  temperature  criteria   for different control
 poirts   are  available  in   the  Environment  Reporter,
 pagis 841s1014-1073.
New Hampshire
             29
Glass A - No artificial rise in  temperature.
Class  B  and  C    -  No  artificial   temperature  rise
exceeding  that  recommended  by the New Hampshire  fish
           department, the New England  interstate water
            control   commission,   or   the   National
           Advisory  Committee, Department of Interior,
            is   most   appropriate  for  the  existing
                        and  game
                        pollution
                        Technical
                        whichever
                        situation.
New Jersey
          30
Miring  Zone  -  Temperature changes in designated heat
dissipation  areas  shall  not  cause  mortality of the
aquatic  "biota  nor  create  conditions which allow the
introduction   or   maintenance   of   populations   of
undesirable organisms at nuisance levels.
                        Theraal  Alterations  (Temperatures
                        outside of  heat  dissipation areas)
                                     shall  be measured
                             1.  StreaBs:                 '       '    •'.'"''
                                 FW2-TP  -  No  thermal alterations which -would
                                 cause  changes in ambient  temperatures except
                                 where  properly  treated wastewater effluents
                                 are  discharged. Where such discharges occur,
                                 temgeratures  shall  not   deviate more  .than:
                                 0.6 C (1 F) from ambient temperature.

                                 FTC-TH  -  No thermal alterations which would
                                 cause  temperatures to exceed ambient by more
                                 than  1.1 c  (2 F) at any  time or which would
                                 cause temperatures in excess of 20°C (68°F).

                                 FW2-NT  -  No  thermal deviations which would
                                 .cause   temperatures  to  deviate  more  than
                                    -43-

-------
State                   Water Oae.aad Criteria Values
                                  2.8  C   (5 F)    at   any  titmi!  from  ambient
                                  temperatures.   No  heat  nay  be  added vhich
                                  would  cause   temperatures  £0  exceed 27. 8°C
                                  (82  F)   for small mouth bass or yellov perch
                                  waters,  .or 30 C  (86  F) for other non- trout
                                  waters.

                             !     411   SB - No  thermal alterations vhich would
                             •.-..;.  cause  temperatures,  to.  deviate from ambient
                             '.   .by   more  than  2.2 C  (4°F),  .from September
                                 ' through . fay,   nor more  than  0.8 C (1.5°F)
                                  from  June   through   August,   .nor   cause
                                  temperatures to exceed. 29. 4°C .(85 F).

                             2. -Lakes,  Fonda or  Reservoirs:
                                       M  - Ho thermal alterations except wiiere
                                  it- can > be  shown  to  be  beneficial to  the
                                  designated and existing uses.         .
                                          -.No thermal alterations of more  l:han
                                  :i.7°G  (3 F)  in  the epilimnion or lakes and
                                  other   standing  waters.  No  discharges  or
                                  heated, effluent  into  the  hypolimnion  nor.
                                  jumping  of  water  from the hypolimnioh : ( f or
                                  discharge  back  into  the  sane  water body)
                                 .shall    -be    permitted    unless    it   is
                                 'demonstrated,  to  the  satisfaction  of  the
                                  Department,   that  such  practices  will  be
                                  beneficial  to  the  existing  and designated
                                  uses.   I
                                          5                                '
                             3. Coastal Vaters:

                                  SC  -  No  direct  heat additions within 1500
                        ;    .   .   fe«t.    of    the   shoreline.   No   thermal
                                 alterations  which  would  cause temperatures
                                  to  deviate from ambient temperatures by more
                                  than  2.2 C (4 F) from Septembier through May,
                                 mor   more   than  0.8°C  (1.5°F)  from  3une
                                  through   August,   nor.  which  would  canise
                                  temperatures to exceed 26.7°C (80°F).

                        Temperature,  except  in  designated  heat  dissipation
                        areas:
                             Zones

                                 1C,  10,   12  - Shall not be raised more than
                                 5 F  (2.8  C)  above ambient temperature until
                                 stream   temperatures  r.each  87°F  (30.6°C);
                                 above  87°F (30.6 C) natural tdsmperature will
                                 prevail,              .
                                     -44-

-------
 St»*<                   later Use and Criteria Values

                                    2,   J,   4 - Shall not be raised more than 5°F
                                    (2.8 C)     above    the   average   24   hour
                               I    tenperature  gradient  displayed  during  the
                                    1961-1966  period,   or  to  a maximum of 86°F
                                    (30.0WC),  whichever is lower.

                                    5,   6 -   Shall   not   be raised above ambient
                                    temperature   by   more than 4°F (2.2°C)  during
                              •     the,.period   from  September  through May nor
                                   •ore  than  1.5°F  (0.8°C)   during  the  period
                                   .from  June  through August,  nor shall maximum
         ,  .                        temperatures.exceed  86°F,(30.d°C) in  Zone 5
                      .             or 85°F (29.4°C)  in Zone 6.


 New Mexico              General  Standards  -  Maximum  temperatures  for  each
                         stream  reach  have  been  specifier! in Part G of these
                         standards.  However,  the introduction of heat by other
                         than    natural   causes   shall   not   increase   the
                         temperature,  as  measured  from  above  the  point  of
                         introduction,   by more than 2.7 degrees C (5 degrees F)
                         in  a  stream,  or more than 1.7 degrees C (3 degrees F)
                         in   a   lake    or  reservoir.  In  no  case  win  the
                         introduction  of  heat  be  permitted  when the maximum
                         temperature specified  for  the  reach  [generally  20
                         S*!**3,  C  (6? de*««s  F)  for cold water fisheries and
                         32.2   degrees   C    (90  degrees  F)  for  warm  water
                         fisheries]    would    thereby   be   exceeded.    These
                         temperature standards   shall  not  apply tc  impoundments
                         constructed   offstream    for    the  purpose  of  heat
                         disposal.   High water temperatures  caused  by  unusually
                         high    ambient   air  temperatures   or   the reasonable
                         operation  of   irrigation  and   aquacultural facilities
                         are not violations of these  standards.
New York32
                        Water Quality Standard for Thermal Discharges:

                        a.  All  thermal  discharges to the waters of the State
                        bSin^f "T.H ^  protec,tion  «*  propagation  of  a
                        »?Tj?f* '4  indigenous population of shellfish, .fish and
                        wildlife in and  on the body of water.
                        ^T  ^t  Cr,lte5fa contained in this Part shall apply to.
                        all   thermal  discharges  and  shall  be complied with  '
                        except as provided in this Part.           ompj-iea witft,

                        General Criteria:
                        1. The natural seasonal  cycle shall be retained.


                                                   temPerature changes shall be
                       3.  Large  day-to-day  temperature  flucttiatioris due  to

                                    -45-                              .

-------
State            '    -  Pater Use and Criteria Values

                        heat of artificial origin-shall be avoided.

          .              4.  Development  or  growth of nuisance organisms shall
                        not occur in contravention of vater quality standards.

                        5.   Discharges   which  would  lover  receiving  vater
                        temperature. shall  not  cause  a  violation  of  vater
                        quality standards and section 704.3.

                        6.  For th« protection of the aquatic biota from severe
                        temperature  changes,  routine  shutdown  of  an entire
               •         thermal  discharge  at  any site shall not be scheduled
' ••       .'•"-,,  .    .     .during the period from December through March.      ..

                        Non-Trout ¥ater»i                          .

                        1.  The  vater  temperature  at the surfuc'i of a stream
                        shall  not ! be  raised to more than 90 degrees F at any
                       •point.

                        2.  At   least  50  percent  of the cross sectional area
                        and/or   Volume  of  flov  of  the  stream  including  a
                        minimum  of  one-third  of the surface as measured from
                        shore  to  shore  Shall  not  be  raised to more than 5
                        Fahrenheit  degrees  over  the temperature that existed
                        before   the addition of heat of artificial origin or to
                       . a maximum of 86 degrees Fahrenheit whichever is less.

                        3.  At   least  50  percent  of the cross sectional area
                        and/or   volume  of  flov  of  the  stream  including  a
                        minimum  of  one-third  of the surface as measured from
               .         shore  to  shore  shall  not  be  lowered  more  than 5
                       'Fahrenheit  degrees  from  the temperature that existed
                        immediately prior to such lowering.

                        Trout Waters:

      •                  1.  No   discharge  at  a  temperature   over  70 degrees
        '                Fahrenheit  shall  be  permitted  at any time  to streams
       -                 classified for trout.

                        2.  From  June  through September  no discharge shall be
                        permitted   that   will  raise  the   temperature  of   the
                        stream   more  than  2  Fahrenheit degrees over  that which
                        existed   before   the   addition  of heat   of  artificial-
                        origin.

                        3. From  October  through  May,  -no .discharge shall be
                        permitted   that   will   raise  the   temperature  of   the
                        stream   more  than  5  Fahrenheit degrees over  that which
                        existed  before   the   addition  of heat   of  artificial
                        origin   or  to   a  maximum  of  50 degrees  Fahrenheit
                        whichever  is less.


                    ,                -46-

-------
State                ;   Water Dae and Criteria Values
                        4.  From  June  through September no discharge shall  be
                       • permitted .that  will  lower  the  temperature  of   the
                        stream  more  than 2 Fahrenheit degrees from  that which
                        existed immediately prior to such lowering.

                        Lakes:

                        1.  The  water  temperature  at  the  surface of a lake
                        shall  not  be  raised  more  than 3 Fahrenheit degrees
                        over -the  temperature that existed before the addition
                        of heat of artificial origin.        ...

                        2.. :In  lakes  subject  to stratification as defined in
                        Part  652,   thermal  discharges  which  will  lower the
                        tempera tu.-e    of   the   receiving   waters   shall  be
                        discharge!   to  the  hypolimnion,   and  shall  meet the
                        water  q/ality standards  contained  in Parts 701 and 70.'i
                        in all respects.                                       ."

                        Coastal ¥aters:

                        1.  The water  temperature  at   the  surface  of coastal
                       waters  shall  not  be  raised  more   than  4  Fahrenheit
                       degrees from  October  through  June nor more than  1.5
                       Fahrenheit  degrees  from  July  through September over
                       that   which  existed  before  the  addition of heat of
                       artificial origin.

                       2.  The  water  temperature  at  the surface of coastal
                       waters  shall  not  be  lowered  more than  4 Fahrenheit
                       degrees  from  October  through  June nor more than 1.5
                       Fahrenheit  de,?rees  from  July  through September from
                       that which existed immediately prior to such lowering.

                       Estuaries or Portions of Estuaries:

                       1.  The  water temperature at the surface Of an estuary
                       shall  .hot be raised to more than.90 degrees Fahrenheit
                       at any point/                                  . .

                       2.  At  least  50  percent  of  the cross sectional area
                       and/or  volume  of  the flow of  the estuary including a
                       minimum  of   one-third  of the surface as measured from
                       water  edge   to  water edge at any stage of tide,  shall
                       not  be  raised  to more than 4  Fahrenheit  degrees over
                       the  temperature   that   existed   before the addition of
                       heat  of  artificial  origin  or  a maximum of 83 degrees
                       Fahrenheit whichever is  less.

                       3.    From  July    through    September,   if   the   water
                       temperature  at  the  surface of an estuary before  the
                       addition of  heat  of artificial origin  is more than  83
                       degrees  Fahrenheit  an  increase in temperature not  to
                       exceed   1.5  Fahrenheit  degrees  at  any  point, of  the

                                   -47-                            .

-------
 State .    •              Water Use and Criteria Values
                         estuarine    passageway  as .delineated  above,  nay  be
                         permitted.

                         4.  At  least  50  percent of the cross sectional area
                         and/or  volume  of   the  flov .of the esttnary including a
                         aininua  of  one-third  of the surface sis measured from
                         water  edge  to  water edge at any stage of tide,  shall
                         not  be lowered more than  4 Fahrenheit degrees from the
                         temperature  that  existed immediately  prior  to such
                         lowering..  •.  .  ;:- v-;   . '  .

                         Enclosed •  Bays'. -  No  additional  temperature change
                         except., that  which occurs  naturally shall be  permitted
                         in enclosed btys.     .           :   "'"'.'•
               33
 North Carolina''         General  C:ri .eria  -  Upon a case-by-case determination
                         that  thermal  discharges  to waters .of the stat® which
                         serve  or  >iay  serve  as  a  source and/or receptor of
                         industrial  cooling  water  provide for the maintenance
                         of  the  designated  best  use  throughout a reasonable
                         portion  o£  the  water  body, the otherwise applicable
                         temperature  standards  as given in the Rules below may
                         not   apply,   in   which  case  the  commission  shall
                         establish   a   separate  water  quality  standard  for
                         temperature  for the affected portions of waters.of the
                         state.    Such  revisions  shall  be  indicated  in the
                         schedules  of classifications with the revised standard
                         and   shan   provide   for  the  designated  best  use
                         classification  applicable  to  the  stream  segment in
                         question.

                         Fresh  Surface  Waters  - Temperature not to exceed 2.8
                         degrees  C  (5.04  degrees  F)  above the natural water
                         temperature,  and  in« no  case  to exceed 29 degrees C
                         (84.2  degrees  F)   for  mountain  and  upper  piedmont
                         waters and  32  degrees  C  (89.6 degrees F) for lower
... ••       •          .      piedmont   and coastal plain waters.. The temperature for
 ' •       '                trout  waters.  shall  not be increased by more than 0.5
                         Agrees  C  (0.9 degrees  F)   due  to She discharge of
                         heated liquids  but  in no case to exceiDd 20 degrees C'.
                         (68 degrees F).

                         Tidal  Salt Waters  - Temperature shall not be increased
                         above  the .natural  water temperature by more than 0-8"
                         degrees   C  (1.44 degrees F) during the months of June,
                         July,  and  August   nor   more   than 2.2 degrees C (3.96
                         degrees   F)   during  other months  and  in no cases to
                     -   exceed  32  degrees  C   (89.6   degrees  F)   due  to the
                         discharge of heated liquids.
                                     -48-

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  State                   Water Use and Criteria Values

  Horth Dakota34        • ' jj-j"   j  Streams  -  Eighty-five  degrees  Fahrenheit
                          (29.44  degrees  Celsius)   limit.   The maximum increase
                          fJ*iJ  *?*  **  «reater  £h»»  f^e  degrees Fahrenheit
                          C   I? v de«rees*  Celsius)    above  natural  background
                          conditions.


  Ohio35                  Lake  Brie
                          a.  There shall  be  no water  temperature  changes  as  a
                          result    of    human   activity   that   cause mortality,
                          long-term  avoidance,   exclusion    from   habitat;  or
                         adversely   affect   the   reproductive    success   -of
                      ..   representative   aquatic   species,   unless caused  by
                         natural conditions.

                         b.  At no time shall water temperature exceed a monthly
»....-'     -            or  bi-veekly  average, or it any time exceed the daily
 ,   -                    maximum  temperature as indicated in tables 12a and 12b
                         to   thls   «!»•   The   werage   and  daily  maximum
                         temperature  standards  shall  apply  and  be  measured
                         outside  of  a  thermal  mixing  zone at any point on a
                         thermal  mixing  zone  boundary  at. depths greater than
                         JSSJwfT*^'  ^  °«Jined  in  paragraphs (B) (2)(a) and
                         (B)(2)(b) of this rule.

                         c.   The  temperature of the hypolimnetic waters of lake
                         Erie  shall  not  exceed at any time a daily maximum as
                         indicated in table 12 c  to this rule.


 Table  12c  Seasonal  daily maximum temperature  limitations for  the hypolimnetic
            regions of  Lake Erie.  Shown  as degrees Fahrenheit and  (Celsius).

              Month                     Daily Maximum

              January                   44 (g.?)
              February                 44 (6.7)
              March                     44 (6.7)
              APril                     47  (8.3)
              May                      51  (10.6)
              June                     54  (12.2)          •  •  .
              July                     59 (15.0)
              August                   59 (is.o)
              September                55 (12.8)
              October                  46 (7.8)
              November                 41 (5.0)
              December                 33 (3.3)
                                     -49-

-------
 State                   Water Uae and Criteria Values


 Table 12 e.    Lake Erie accepted Areas— includes all water of Lake designated
               in paragraph (C) of this rule, excluding Maumee Bay and Sanduckv
               Bay, Tables lib and lli.

          Jan.     Feb.     Mar.    Mar.     Apr.     Apr.     May     May     June
          1-31     1-29     U15    16-31   1-15     16-30   1-15    16-31   l-?5
•Average. ~    •   --   .   —      „..   *_...•_      __ '     ,__      __

'Daily, •    .     .   '      '  '"'.': '".''.''.'''.    '  '       .  '    •  .    .•'.'.:.
 Haadmua   52    .   52      55      SS      59      63      66      76      82
          (1J.1)   (11.1)   (12.8)   Ci2i8)   (15.0)  (17.2)  (18.9)   (24.4)  :(27.8)
           -«                                   Oct'    Oc«'    Nov.    D«c.
         1^30   1-31    1-31    1-15    16-30   1-15    16-31   1-30    -1-31
Average  fA      84      84      84      _      __      _      __
         C28.9)  (28.9)  (28.9)  (28.9)

Daily
Mascimum  88      88      88      88      84      75      70      65      55
         (31.1)  (31.1)  (31.1)  (31.1)  (28.9)  (23.9)  (21.1)  (18.3)  (12.8)


                       . Exceptional  Vaznrater  Habitat  and CoMvater Habitat.
                        At  no  tine  shall  the  vater  temperature exceed the
                        temperature   which   would  occur  if  there  were  no
                        temperature change attributable to man's activities.

                        Nuisance Prevention.   98°P (37°C) maximum
                                              94°P (34°C) 30 day average
                                    -SO-,

-------
 later Use and Criteria Values         "        .


 (2) Temperature:   allowable stream temperatures are:
                            Period      Instantaneous
 Month/date              Average (*F)    Maxima (»F)

 January  1-31                  45              50
 February 1-29           .      45              50
 March 1-15                   51              56
 March 16-31        .           54              59
 April 1-15                   58              64
 April 16-30               .64              69
 May 1-15                      68              73
 May 16-31                     75              8C
 June 1-15            .         80         .8;
 June 16-30                   83               f7
 July 1-31                     84               49
 August 1-31                   84               39
 September  1-15                84               87
 September  16-30               82               86
 October 1-15                  77               82
 October 16-31                 72               77
November 1-30                67               72
December 1-31                52              57
            -51-

-------
State
gater Use and Criteria Values-

VARHVATB& HABITAT OHIO
                                TABLE  10.  TEMPERATURE CRITERIA

                  Table  lOa.  .General Ohio River Basin - includes all waters
                            . of  the   state within the boundary's -of the Ohio
                             River  basin,  excluding  those  waiter bodies or
                             vater  body  segments as designated in Table lOb
                          •   through   lOe.    .Shovn as degrees Fahrenheit and
                             7
(8.3)
52
(11.1)
July
1-31
82
(27.8)
85
(29.4)
Mar...
lU5
51
(10.0)
56
(13.3)
Aug.
jusi
82
(27.8)
85
(29.4)
Mar.
16-31
54
(12.2)
59
(15.0)
Sept.
1-15
82
(27.8)
85
(29.4)
Apr.
1-15
59
(15.0)
65
(18.3)
Sept.
16-30
73
(22.8)
78
(25.6)
Apr.
16^30
.65
(18.3)
70
(21.1)
Oct.
1-15
71
(21.7)
76
(24.4)
•;May .'
1-15
67
(19.4)
73
(22.8)
Oct.
16-31,
65-
(18.3)
• 70
(21.1)
May .
16-31
70
.(21. U
76
(24.4)
Nov.
1^30
60
(15.6)
65
(18.3)
Jun .
1-15
74
(23.3)
80
(26.7)
Dee.
1-31
47.
(8.3)
5:
(11.1)
                                    -52-

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State                   Baser Use and Criteria Values


                  Table  lOb.  Lover Great Miami River - Steele Dam in Dayton
                             (River  Kile  891.3)   to the confluence vith the
                             Ohio  River.    Show  as .degrees Fahrenheit and
                             (Celsius).


                   Jan.   Feb.    Mar.    Mar.   Apr.   Apr.   May     May    Jun
                   1=21   1=29   1-15   16-31  1-15   16-30  1-15    16-31  1.15

         Average:     49     49     53      5$     59     65      67      70      75
                   (9.4)  (9.4)   (11.9) (13.3) (15.0) (18.3) (19.4)  (21.1) (23.9)

 . ••'-•  •' 'Daily' / ;'  •  •'•••'•  -: •.••':..•  '.•'• •  "  ' r '-. '•.:'•   '     .'' •'• '•-.' '  '
         Maximum:     54     54      58      61     68     74      77      79      83
                   (12.2)  (12.2   (14.4)  (16.1) (20.0) (23.3) (25.0)  (26.1) (28.3)

                   June   July    Aug.    Sept.   Sept.  Oct.   Oct.   Nov.   Dec.
                   16-30  IdH    1-31    1-15   16-30  1-15   16-31  1-3Q   .1.31

         Average:     85     85      85      85     78      71     66  .   63     49
                   (29.4)  (29.4)  (29.4)  (29.4)  (25.6)  (21.7) (18.9) (17.2) (9.4)

         Daily
         Maximum:     89     89     89     89      83      76     71     68     54
                   (31.7)  (31.7)  (31.7)  (31.7)  (28.3)  (24.4) (21.7) (20.0) (12.2)
                                    -53-

-------
State
                Water Dae and Criteria Values
                  Table- lOe.  Scioto  River  - Griggs Dan in GoluBbus  (River
                             Mile '136) to the confluence vith the Ohio  River.
                             Shovn as degrees Fahrenheit and (Celsius).
           Jan.    Feb. '
           1-31    1-29

Average:    47  .  . 47
           (8.3)   (8.3).

H*ily  •„   .-•••.,  ..-  .'
Maximum: .   52     52
           (11.1)  (11.1)

          June    July
          16-30   1-31

Average:    83     83
          (28.3)  (28.3)

Daily
Maximum:    87     87
          (30.6)  (30.6)
                                 Mar.   Mar.   Apr.   Apr.   Maji'    May    Jun
                                 1^15   16-31  1-15   16-30  1-13   16-31  1-15

                                   51  ;-.: 54     59     62     67     72     75
                                 .(10.6) (12.2) (15.0) (16.7) (19.4) (22.2) (23.9)


                                   56     59     65     70     75     79     82
                                 (13,3) (15.0) ,18.3) (21.1) (23.9) (26.1) (27.8)
                                        Sept.   Sept.   Oct.    Oct.    Nov.    Dec.
                                 irJi   1-15   16-30   1-15    16^31  1-30    1-31

                                   83     83     75     71      65      58      47
                                 (28.3)  (28.3)  (23.9)  (21.7)  (18.3)  (14.4)  (8.3)
                                  87     87     80      76      70     63     52
                                 (30.6)  (30.6)  (26.7)  (24.4)  (21.1)  (17.2)  (11.1)
                                    -54-

-------
State                   Water Use and Criteria Values
                  Table  lOd.  Hocking  River  -  entire  mainstem.  Shovn as
                             degrees Fahrenheit and (Celsius).

                         >
                   Jan.   Feb.   Mar.   Mar.   Apr.   Apr.    May    May    Jun
                   1-31   1-29   1-15   16-31  1-15   16-30  1-15   16-31  1-15

         Average:    45     45-.   51     56     59     65      67     70     74
                   (7.2)  (7.2)  (10.6) (13.3) (15.0)  (18.3)  (19.4) (21.1) (23.3)

         Daily '    .       -       .   •     -••"''•'.        ;  .        '    .• •/ =  .
         Maximum     50     50     56     61     66     70      73     76  .   80
                   (10.0) (10.0) (13.3) (16.1) (1«.9)  (21.1)  (22.8) (24.4) (26.7)

                   June   July   Aug. ,  Sept.  Sept.   Oct.    Oct.  .Nov.    Dec.
                   16-30  1-31   1-31 \ 1-15   16-30   1-15    16-31   1-30    1-31

         Average:    83     83     83     83     77     65      62     58      45
                   (28.3) (28.3) (28.3) (28.3) (25.0)  (18.3)  (16.7) (14.4) (7.2)

         Daily
         Maximum:    87     87     87     87     82     70      67     63      50
                   (30.6) (30.6) (30.6) (30.6) (27.8)  (21.1)  (19.4) (17.2) (10.0)
                                     -55-

-------
State                   Water Use and Criteria Values
                  Table  lOe.  Muskingua  River  - entire aainstea.  Shovn as
                             degrees  Fahrenheit and (Celsius).

                                                 »  '
                   Jan.   Feb.   Mar.    Mar.    Apr.    Apr.    May    May    Jun
                   1-31   1-29   1-15    16-31   1-15    16-30  WL5   16-31  1-15

        .Average:   .45     45..    53   . - 53      58      65      68     72     76
                   (7.2)  (7.2)  .(11.7)  (11.7)  (14.4)  (18.3)  (20.0) (22.2) (24.4)

         Daily   .                . ..••    '.-•:.    •  :'    . ,   • •  .•-.'- •.'.    ••: ••-.'  •  :.
         Maximum:    50-     50     58      58      63      70      74     77     84
                   v'10.0) (10.0) (14.4)  (14.4)  (17.2)  (21.1)  (23.3) (25.0) (28.9)

                  .June   July   Aug.   Sept.   Sept.  Det.   Get;   Nov.    Dec.
                   16-30  1-31   Iv^l   1-15    16-30  -1-15   IJS-tt  1-30   1-31

         Average:    85     85     85      85      80      73      67     62     47
                   (29.4) (29.4) (29.4)  (29.4)  (26.7)  (22.8)  (19.4) <16.7) (8.3)
         Daily                          .
         Maximum:  .89     89     89     89     85     77     72     67      52
                   (31.7) (31.7) (31.7) (31.7) (29.4) (25.0)  (22.2)  (19.4)  (11.1)
                                     -56-

-------
State                   later Pse and Criteria Values
              Table lOf.  General Lake Brie Basin - includes all surface waters  of
                          the state vithin the boundaries of the Lake Erie
                          drainage basin, excluding those water bodies as
                          designated in Table lOg through lOi.  Shown as degrees
                          Fahrenheit ""** (Celsius).
                   Jan.   Feb.<   Mar.   Mar.   Apr.   Apr.   Hay    Hay    Jun
                '   *-3i  '1=29   1^15   16-31  1-15   16-30  1-15   16-31  1-15

         Average:     44     44     48     51 \  54     60     64     66     72
                   (6.7)  (6,7)  (8.9)  (10.6) (12.2) (15.6) (17.3) (18.9) (22.2)
                u                              ,                   _
         Daily
         Maximum: i   49     49     53     56     61     65     f 9     72     76
                  -(9.4)  (9.4)-  (11.7)  (13.3) (16.1) (18.3) (20.6) (22.2) (2».4)

                   June   July   Aug.    Sept.   Sept.   Oct.   Oct.    Nov.   Dec.
                   16-30  1-31   1-31   1-15   16-30   1-15   16-31   1-30   1-31

         Average:     82     82     82     82     75     67     61      54     44
                   (27.8)  (27.8)  (27.8)  (27.8)  (23.9) (19.4) (16.1) (12.2) (6.7)

         Daily
         Maximum:     85     85     85      85     80     72     66      59     49
                   (29.4)  (29.4)  (29.4)  (29.4)  (26.7) (22.2) (18.9) (15.0) (9.4)
                                    -57-

-------
State
                laterDse and Criteria Values
              Table 10g.
          Jan.
          1-31

Average:    45
          (7.2)

Daily  '  '   .    '
liaxiaua:    50
          (10.0)

          June
          16-30

Average:    85  .
          (29.4)

Daily
Maximus:     89
          (31.7)
Mauaee River - Ohio-Indiana state  line to Hauaee River
estuary.  Shovn as degrees  Fahrenheit  and (Celsius).

Feb.   Ear.   Mar.   Apr.   Apr.   May    May     Jun
1=22   kl5-   16"31  *-15   16-30  1-15    16-31   1-15

  45     47     S3     58     61     67     70     75
(7.2)  (8.3)  (11.7) (.14.4) (16.1) (19.4)  (21.1)  (23.9)
                            50     52.     58     63     68     72     76     80
                          (10.0) (ll.J>- (14.4) (17.2) (20.0) (22.2) (24.4) (26.7)

                          July   Aug.    Sept.  Sept.  Oct.   Oct.   Nov.   Dec.
                          1-31   l^V   1-15   16-30  1-15   16-31  1-30   1-31

                            85     S5      85     80     71     65     58     45
                          (29.4) (29.4) (29.4) (26.7) (21.7) (18.3) (14.4) (7.2)
                            89     89     89     85     76     70     63     50
                          (31.7)  (31.7)  (31.7)  (29.4)  (24.4)  (21.1)  (17.2) (10.0)
                                    -58-

-------
State
Water Pale and Criteria Values
              Table lOh.  Mauvce Bay - includes all waters of the state knovn as
                          Maiwee Bay including the Mauoee River estuary and the
                          estuary portions of an tributaries entering Mauoee Bay
                          to the lean Lake Brie Bean high water level.  Shown as
         Average:
Jan.
1-31
Feb.
1-2$
Mar.
1-15-7'
Mar.
16-31
»•*• \ w<
Apr.
1-15
fcj«jmaiy •
Apr.
16-30
May
1-15
May
16-31
Jun
1-15
                   (8.3)
         Daily
         Maximum:    52
                   (11.1)

                   June
                   16-30

        Average:    83
                   (29.3)

        Daily
        Maximum:    87
                   (30.6)
   47     48     50     52     57      61      65   V71
  (8.3)   (8,9)   (10.0)  (11.1)  (13.9)  (16.1)  (18.3)  (21.7)


   52     53     54     59     63      63      76     77
  (11.1)  (11.7)  (12.2)  (15,0)  (17.2)  (18.9)  (24.4)  (25.0)

 July   Aug.    Sept.   Sejt.  Oct.    Oct.   Nov.   Dec.
 izli   1=31    1-15    16-30  1-15    16-31  1-30   1-31

   83     83     83     75     69     64     59   .47
 (28.3) (28.3)  (28.3)  (23.9) (20.6)  (17.8) (15.0) (8.3)


   87     87     87     80     74     69     64     52
 (30.6) (30.6) (30.6) (26.7) (23.3) (20.6) (17.8) <11.1)
                                   -59-

-------
State
     Water Uac imd  Criteria Values
              Table 101.  Sandusky Bay - includes all waters o£ the state kaovn as
                          Sandusky Bay including the Sandusky River estuary and
                          the estuary portions of all tributaries entering
                          Sandusky Bay to the Lake Brie lean high vater  level.
                          Shown as degrees Fahrenheit and (Celsius).
Jan.   Feb.   Mar.   Mar.  . Apr.
1-31   1-29   1-15:   16^31  1-15
                                                      Apr.   May
                                                      16-30  1-1,5
                                                 May    Jun
                                                 16-31  1-15
         Average:    47     47     48     50     52     57     63     68     74
                   (8.3)  (8,3)  (8.9)  (10.0) (11.1) (13.9.) (17.2) (20.6)  (23.3)
         »dly
                     52     52     53     55     57     62     613     73     79
                   (11.1) (11.1) (11.7) (12.8) (13.9) (16.7) (20.0) (22.8) (26.1)
June  . July   Aung.
16-30  1-31   1^31
                                        Sept.  Sept.  Oct.
                                        1-15   16-30  1-15
                                          Oct.   Nov.   Dec.
                                          16-31  1-30   1-31
         Average:     83     83     83     83     75     69     64     59     47
                   (28;3) (28.3) (28.3) (28.3) (23.9) (20,6) (17,8) (15.0) (8.3)
         Daily
         Maxima:
  87     87     87     87     80     74     69     64     52
(30.6) (30.6) (30.6) (30.6) (26.7) (23.3) (20,,6) (17.8) (11.1)
                                    -60-

-------
State                   ¥ateg Pse and Criteria Values
              Table 10j,  Mnhoning River - Leavitt Road da* (RM 46.1) to the
                          Ohio-Pennsylvania state line (RM 12.6).  Shovn as
                          degrees  Fahrenheit and (Celsius).

                   Jan.   Feb.   Mar.    Mar.   Apr.    Apr.    May    May    Jun
                   1-31   1-29   1-15    16-31 1-15    16-30  1-15   16-31  1-15

         Average:    47     47     50  "~.   54     59      65      68     73     77
                   (8.3)  (8.3)  (10.0)  (12.2) (15.0)  (18.3)  (20.0) (22.8)  :(25.0)

         Paily   ' •• '  '   - '••'.  •  •"  :''  ••  .  :- '•'•••     '•••'••• ".'.•'• ;. •' '•  . .'•'-•'.  •' '
         Maximum:    53     53     57      61     65      70      76     '9     84
                   (11.7) (11.7) (13.9)  (16.1) (18.3)  (21.1)  (24.4) (?6.1)  (28.9)

                   Jure   July   Aug.    Sept.  Sept.   Oct.   Oct.    Fov.    Dec.
                   16-30  1-31   1-31    1-15   16-30   1-15   16-31   i-30   1-31

         Average:    85     85     85      85      78      73      67      60     51
                   (31.7) (31.7) (31.7)  (31.7) (28.3)  (25.0) (22.2) (18.9)  (12.8)

         Daily
         Maximum:    89     89     89      89      83      77      72      66     55
                   (31.7) (31.7) (31.7)  (31.7) (28.3)  (25.0) (22.2) (18.9)  (12.8)
                                     -61-

-------
 State
     later Pae and Criteria Values
               Table 10k.
          Jan.
          1-31

Average:    45
          (7.2)

Daily          .
Maximum?    49
          (9.4)

          June
          16-30

Average:    84
          (28.9)
         Daily
         Maximum:
       Cuyahoga liver - Headwaters of the Cuyahoga River Gorge
       Dam Pool (BM 46.2)  to the Cuyahoga River Ship Channel
       (RM 5.7).  Shorn as degrees Fahrenheit and (Celsius).
                           Feb.    Mar.    Mar.    Apr.
                           1-29    1-15    16-31  1-15
                                   Apr.   Hay
                                   16-30  '1-15
May    Jun
16-31  1-15
                             45 .   .51    .53     55     60  .   .65     71     80
                           (7.2)   -(10.6)  (11,7)  (12.8) (15.6  (».3) (21.7).£26.7)


                             •*9    55     57     62     66     70     78     84
                           (9.4)   (12.8)  (13.9)  (16.7) (18.9)  (21.1) (25.6'  (28.9)

                          \Tuly   Aug.    Sept.   Sept.   Oct.   Oct.    Nov.
                           1>31   1^31   1-15   16-30   1-15  16-31   1-3C

                             84    84     84     77     70     63      55     45
                           (28.9)  (28.9)  (28.9)  (25.0) (21.1).(17.2) (12.8)  (7.2)
  88     88     88     88     82     75     69     64     52
(31.1) (31.1) (31.1) (31.1) (27.8) (23.9) (20.6) (17.8)'(11.1)
Oklahc
       .36
     Secondary   Wara  ¥ater  Fishery,  Primary  Vim  Vater
     Fishery,   SoallBotith   Bass  Fishery  (Excluding  Lake
     Waters), Trout Fishery (Put and Take):
     At  no timo shall heat be added to any surface water.in
     excess  of  the  amount that vill raise the temperature
     of  the receiving water more than 5°F. The normal daily
     and  seasonal  variations  that were present before the
     addition  «i£ heat from other than natural sources shall
     be  maintained,   in streams,  temperature determinations
     shall  be  made by averaging representative temperature
     measurements  of the cross sectional .area of the stream
     at the end of the mixing zone.
                        In  lakes,  the  temperature of the water column and/or
                        epilimnion,  if  thermal  stratification  exists, shall
                        not  be  raised  more than 3°F above than: which existed
                        before  the  addition  of  heat  of  artificial origin,
                        based  upon  the average of temperatures taken from the
                        surface  to  the  bottom of the lake, or surface to the
                        bottom of the epilimnion if the lake is stratified.

                        Bo  artificial  heat  shall  be  added  ii:hat causes the
                        receiving   stream  water  temperature  i;:o  exceed  the
                        maximums specified below:
                                     -62-

-------
 State                   Water Pae and Criteria Values
                              1.   The  critical,  temperature plus 5°F in primary
                              and  secondary  warm  water  fishery  streams  and
                              lakes  except in the segment of the Arkansas River
                              from  Red Rock Creek to the headwaters of Keystone
                              Reservoir  where the maximum temperature shall not
                              exceed 94 F.

                              2.  84°F in smallmouth bass  streams.

                              3.  68°F in trout  streams.

                        Water in   privately-owned lakes  and reservoirs  used in
                        the   process  of  cooling water for industrial purposes
                        is  not  classified  as   "waters, of   the   State"   (See
                        Apr radix I),   and  is. exempt  from   these temperature
                        restrictions,   provided   the  water  released  from any
                        such  lake  or  reservoir into a stream  system shall  meet
                        tke water quality standards of the receiving stream.
Oregon                  Rorth Coast - Lower Columbia Basin:
                        A.  Columbia  River:  No  measurable increases shall be
                        allowed   outside  of  the  assigned  mixing  zone,  as
                        measured   relative  to  a  control  point  immediately
                        upstream  from a discharge when stream temperatures are
                        68 P.  or  greater; or more than 0.5°F. increase due to
                        a   single-source   discharge   when   receiving  water
                        temperatures  are  67.5°F.  or  less; or more than 2°F.
                        increase  due  to  all  sources  combined  when  stream
                        temperatures    are   66°F.   or   less,    except   for"
                        specifically  limited  duration activities which may be
                        authorized  by DEQ under such conditions  as DEQ and the
                        Department  of  Fish  and  Wildlife  may   prescribe and
                        which  are  necessary to accommodate legitimate uses or
                        activities   where   temperatures  in  excess  of  this
                        standard  are  unavoidable and all practical preventive
                        techniques  have  been  applied to minimize temperature
                        rises.   The Director shall hold a public  hearing when a
                        request  for  an  exception to the temperature standard
                        for  a   planned  activity  or  discharge   will  in  all
                       .probability adversely affect  the beneficial uses.

                        1.    All   other  freshwater   streams  and  tributaries,
                        thereto:   No  measurable  increases   shall  be  allowed'
                        outside  of  the  assigned  mixing  zones,   as measured
                        relative   to  control point immediately upstream  from a
                        discharge   when  stream   temperatures  are  58°F.   or
                        greater;    or   more   than  0.5°F.  increase   due   to  a
                        single-source     discharge    when   receiving    water
                        temperatures  are  57.5°F.  or   less; or more  than 2°F.
                        increase   due   to  all   sources  combined  when  stream
                        temperatures     are   56°F.   or   less,   except   for
                        specifically   limited  duration  activities  which  which

                                    -63-

-------
State-                   Water use and Criteria Values
                        nay  be  authorized by DEQ- under such  conditions  as DEQ
                        and  the  'Department of Fish and tfildliile  may  prescribe
                        and  which are necessary  to accommodate  legitimate  uses
                       7 or  activities  where  temperatures  in  excess of  this
                        standard . are  unavoidable and all practical preventive
                        techniques  have  been  applied to minimize temperature
                        rises.  The Director shall hold a public hearing  when  a
                       . request  for  an  exception to the temperature standard
                        for  a  planned  activity  or  discharge)  will  in   all
                        .probability adversely affect the beneficial uses.

                        C.   Marine   and   estuarine  waters:  No  significant
                        increase  above  natural  background temperatures shall
                        be   allowei,  and  water  temperatures  shall  not.  be
                        altered  tc"a degree which creates or can reasonably be
                        expected  ;o  create ar  adverse effect on fish or other
                        aquatic life.

                        Hid Coast Basin:

                        A.  Fresh  laters:  No  measurable'  increases,  shall be
                        allowed   outside  of  the  assigned.  mixing  zone,   as
                        measured   relative  to   a  control,  point  immediately
                        upstream  from a  discharge when stream temperatures are
                        64 F.   or ;greater;  or more than 0.5°F. increase due to
                        a   singlevsource   discharge    when   receiving-water
                        temperatures   are  63.5°F.  or   less;  or more  than 2°F.
                        increase .due  to  all  sources  combined  when  stream
                        temperatures   are 62°F or less,  except  for specifically
                        limited  duration activities which  may  be authorized by
                        DEQ under  such conditions as DEQ and  thus Department of
                        Fish   and    Wildlife   may prescribe   and which  are
                        necessary  to accommodate  legitimate uses or activities
                        where   temperatures   in   excess of  this  standard  are
                        unavoidable   and   all  practical  preventive techniques
                        have been  applied   to minimize temperature rises.  The
                        Director  shall   hold  a   public hearing when a request
                        for  an  exception  to  .the temperature  standard  for a
                        planned  activity or discharge will in all probability
                        adversely affect  the beneficial uses.

                        B.   Marine    and  eatuarine   waters:   Same as   North
                        Coast-Lower Columbia Basin.

                        Umpqua  Basin:

                        A.  Fresh waters:  Same   as North  Coast-Lower  Columbia
                        Basin,  All Otner  Fresh Water Streams.

                        B-   Marine   and   estuarine  waters:  Same  as   North
                        Coast-Lower Columbia Basin.

                        South Coast Basin:


                                    -64-      '.                       •   '  -  .

-------
State                   Water use and Criteria Values

                        A. Fresh Waters: Same as Mid Coast Basin.

                        B.   Marine   and   estuarine  vaters:  Same   as   North
                        Coast-Lover Columbia Basin.

                        Rogue Basin:

                        A.  Fresh  Waters:  Same  as North Coast-Lover Columbia
                        Basin,  All Other Fresh Water Streams.

                        B.   Marine   and   estuarine  vaters:  Same  as  North
                        Coast-Lover Columbia Basin.

 '•         "'   ••   •'  '   Willamette Basin:  •  ';':'  ' '   ; .":';'-  '  .      •.'•'•'•

                        A.  Multnomah Channel  and  the  main  stem Willamette
                        River   from  month   to  Hevoerg,   river  mile  50:  No
                        measurable   increases  shall be alloved outside of the
                        assigned  mixing  ione,  as measured  relative  to  a
                        control  point   immediately upstream  from a  discharge
                        vhen  stream temperatures are 70°F. or greater;  or more
                        than  0.5 F.   increase due  to a single-source  discharge
                        vhen  receivingQvater temperatures are 69.5°F.  or  less;
                        or more than 2  F. increase due to all sources  combined
                        vhen  stream temperatures are 68°F. or less, except for
                        specifically  limited  duration activities vhich may be
                        authorized  by DEQ under such conditions as DEQ and the
                        Department  of  Fish  and  Wildlife  may  prescribe and
                        vhich  are  necessary to accommodate legitimate uses or
                        activities;   vhere   temperatures  in  excess  of   this
                        standard  are  unavoidable and all practical preventive
                        techniques  have  been  applied to minimize temperature
                       rises.  The Director shall hold a public hearing vhen a
                       request  for  an  exception to the temperature standard
                       for  a  planned  activity  or  discharge  vill  in   all
                       probability adversely affect the beneficial uses.

                       B.   Willamette River  from  Hevberg  to  confluence of
                       Coast  and  Middle  Forks,   river mile 187: Same as Mid
                       Coast Basin,  Fresh Waters.

                       C.  AH other Willamette Basin streams:

                            i.   Salmonid  Fish Producing Waters: Same  as North
                            Coast-Lover  Columbia Basin, All  Other Fresh Water  !
                            Streams.

                           Jf-  N°n-Salmonid  *ish Producing Waters:  Same as
                           Mid  Coast  Basin, Fresh  Waters.

                                                as North
                                   -65-

-------
State      '            ' Water Use and Criteria Values

                        Sandy Basin*
                        A.  Hain   Sten Columbia. Elver .(river miles 120 to 147):
                        Same  as   North Coast-Lover  Columbia  Basin, Columbia
                        River.

                        B.  All  other Basis Waters:  Same as North Coast-Lover
                        Columbia Basin, All Other Fresh  Water Streams.

                        Hood Basins .   ...".";'•'•'       • •

                        A.  Colombia  River  (river  miles 147 to  203):  Same as
                        North Coast-Lover Columbia Basin,  Columbia River.. •.'•••.

                        B.  Other  Hood  River   Basin  streams*  .Same  as North
                        Coast-Lover  Columbia  Basin,  All  other   Fresh Water
                        Streams.

                        Deschutes Basin:             "                   -

                        A.  Columbia  River  (river  miles  201 to  218):  Same as
                        North Coast-Lover Columbia Basin,  Columbia River.  .

                        B.  Other  Desehutes Elver Basin streams;!  Same as North
                        Coast-Lover  Columbia  Basin,  All  other1   Fresh  Water
                        Streams.

                        John  Day  Basin  -  Same as. North Coast-Lover Columbia
                        Basin, Columbia River.

                        Uaatilla  Basin  -  Same  as North.Coast-Lover Columbia
                        Basin, Columbia River.               :

                        Walla  Walla  Basin - No measurable increase vhen river
                        temperatureis  are  68 F.  or  greater,;  or  more  than
                        0.5 F.  due to a single-source discharge vhen  receiving
                       .voters  are €7.5 F.  or  less;  or more than 2°F, increase.
                        due  to  all  sources  combined vhen• rivctr  temperatures
                        are 66 F.  or less.

                        Grande   Ronde   Basin   -  Same  as  North  Coast-Lower
                        Columbia Basin, Columbia River.

                        Povder Basiii:                                       .

                        A.   Snake  River  -   Same as  North Coast-Lover Columbia
                        Basin,  Columbia River.

                        B.   All  other basin waters - Same as Hid Coast  Basin,
                        Fresh Waters-

                        Halheur  River Basin   - Same  as  North  Coast-Lover
                        Columbia Basin,  Columbia River.
                                    -66-

-------
 Stmte
  WaterQse and Criteria Values
                          Ovyhee  Basin  -  Same  as  North  Coast-Lower Columbia
                          Basin,  Columbia River.

                          Malheur   Lake   Basin  -   Sane   as  North  Coast-Lover
                          Columbia Basin,  Columbia River.

                          Goose and  Summer Lakes Basin:

                         A.  Goose  Lake   -  Daily average temperature  shall  not
                         exceed   70-. Fr~  or   the   daily   mean   ambient   air
                          temperature, whichever is greater..     .

                         B.  All  other/ traters  -  Same  as  North  Coast-Lover
                         Columbia Basin, Columbia River.        •  ;  '      ' '   '

                         Klamath  Basin
                         Ac  SaJjwnid  Fish
                         North  Coast-Lover
                         later Streams.
                     (Trout)  Producing Waters - Same as
                     Columbia  Basin,  All  other  Frash
Pennsylvania
            38
                         B.  Non-salmonid  Pish Producing Waters - No measurable
                         increases  shall  be  allowed  outside  of the assigned
                         mixing  zone,   as  measured relative to a control point
                         immediately upstream  from  a  discharge  when  stream
                         temperatures  are 72QF.  or greater,  or more than 0.5°F.
                         increase   due   to  a  single  source  discharge  when
                         receiving  water  temperatures  are  71.S°F.  or less;  or
                         •ore  than   2  F.   increase  due to all sources combined
                         when  stream temperatures  are 70°F.  or less,  except for
                         specifically  limited duration activities which may  be
                         authorized   by DEQ under such conditions as DSQ and the
                         Department   of  Fish   and   Wildlife  may  prescribe and
                         which  are   necessary to accommodate legitimate uses  or
                         activities   where   temperatures  in   excess   of  this
                         standard  are   unavoidable  and  all practical  preventive
                         techniques   have   been   applied  to minimize temperature
                         rises.  The  Director  shall  hold a public hearing when a
                         request  for  an   exception  to  the temperature  standard
                         for  a  planned  activity  or  discharge  will   in  all
                         probability  adversely affect the beneficial uses.  '
Tesp1  -  No  rise when ambient temperature is 58°F. or
above;   not   more   than   5°F.  rise  above  ambient
temperature  until  stream  temperature  reaches 58°F.;
not  to be changed by more than 2°F during any one-hour
period.
                               -  No
                        above;    not
                        temperature
                        not  to  be  changed
                        oner-hour period.
              rise when ambient temperature is 87°F. or
              more  than  a  5 F.   rise  above  ambient
             until  stream  temperature  reaches 87°F.;
             -L    '  by  more  than  2°F.   during  any
                                     -67-

-------
State
Water Pse and Criteria Values
Temp3  -  For  the  period  2/15   to 7/31 1  no  rise vhen
ambient  tismperature  is  74 F. or above; not  more than
5 P.   rise  above  ambient  temperature  until   stream
temperature  reaches  74 F.,  not  to be changed by more
than   2 F.   during   any  one-hour  period;  for  the
remainder   of   the   yeart   no   rise  vhen  ambient
temperature  is  87 -F.  or  above;  not more than  a 5°F
rise .-   above    ambient,  temperature   until   stream
temperature,  reaches  87°F.,  not  to be changed by more
than 2 F.
                                  during any one-hour period.
                               -.Not., to. .exceed the following temperatures, in
                        the month indicated:                .             L
                        Month
                    Temperature, -F.
                        January
                        February
                        March
                        April
                        May
                        June
                        July
                        August
                        September
                       'October
                        November
                        December
                               -  Not
                    56
                    56
                    62
                    71
                    80
                    90
                    90
                    90
                    90
                    78
                    69
                    58
               more
                        temperature  during
than  5 F. above thus average daily
the 1961-66 period,  which is shovn
                        belov,  or a maximum of 86 F..  whichever is less.
                                    -68-

-------
 State
  later Pae and Criteria Values
                            Average Daily Temperature
                                    1961-1966
                       (Temperatures may be interpolated)
               Delaware Estuary,
               Head of Tide To
               River Mile 108.4
               (about 1 mile beloy
               Pennypack Creek)  \
             Delaware Estuary
             River Mile 108.4
             .(about 1 mile below
             Pennypack Creek) to
             Big Timber.Creek
 Delaware Estuary,
 from Big Timber
 Creek to Penn.-
 Delaware State Line
Date           °-F

Jam; try 1      37
February 1     35
March  1       38
Apjil  1       46
May 1          58
June 1         71
July 1         79
August  1       81
September 1    7fi
September 15   76
October 1      70
November 1     59
December 1     46
December 15    40
             41
             35
             38
             46
             58
             71
             79
             81
             79
             77
             70
             61
             50
             45
42
36
40
47
58
72
80
81
78
78
70
60
50
45
                        *eap6  -  Not  more  than  5°F.  rise above the ambient
                        temperatures  until  stream  temperatures  reach 50°F.,
                        nor  more than 2 F. rise above ambient temperature when
                        temperatures  are  between  50°F.  and 58°F., nor shall
                        temperatures  exceed  58°F.",  whichever is less, except
                        in designated heat dissipation areas.
                        Temp-.  -  AS  a  guideline, .  the maximum length of heat
                        dissipation  areas  shall not be longer than. 3,500 feet
                        measured  from  the  point where  the  waste discharge
                        enters  the  steam. The vidth of heat dissipation areas
                        shall  not exceed two-thirds  the surface width measured
                        from  shore  to shore at any  stage of tide or the width
                                      one-fourth  the  cross-sectional  area of
                                      whichever  is   less.   Vithin any one heat
                                     area  only  one   shore  shall  be  used in
                                      the  limits of  the  area.   Where  waste
                                     are  .close  to ..each  other,   additional
                                     nay  be prescribed to protect stream uses.
                                  _   temperatures shall be measured outside the
                        heat  dissipation  area.  The  rate  of temperature change
                        in   the heat  change in the heat dissipation area shall
                        not  cause  mortality of  the fish.
encompassing
the  stream,
dissipation
determining
discharges
limitations
Controlling
                                    -69-

-------
 State  •         .     '   Water Use and Criteria Values
                             o  -  As  a  guideline,  the maximum length .of heat
     • •                  'dissipation.! 'ureas  shall not be longer than 3,500 feet
                         or  20  times  the  average  stream width, whichever is
                         less,   measured   from   the  point  where  the  waste
                         discharge  enters  the  stream.  Heat dissipation areas
                         shall  not ^ exceed one-half the surface stream width or
                         the   width'   encompassing   one-half   of  the-  entire
                       .  cross-sectional  areas  of  the  stream,  whichever  is
                         less.  Within  any  one heat dissipation area,  only one
             • . .  .        shore  shall  be  used in determining th» limits of the
                         area.  Where  waste discharges are close to each other,
 .     .'           '        additional  limitations  may  be  prescribed. to protect
  • "' .  ...   V        .     water  .uses-*  Controlling temperatures sluiill be  measured
     •                    outside   the   heat  dissipaticn  zone.  The   rate  of
                   .   .   temperature   change  in  desig-iated  heat  dissipation
                         areas shall not cause mortality of the £ish.

                         Temp.  -  As  a  guideline,   me maximum length of heat
   • .                    dissipation  areas  shall not -be longer than 1,000 feet
                         or  20  times the average width of the stream whichever
                         is  less,,  measured  from  the   points  where the waste
                         discharge  enters  the  stream.   Heat dissipation areas
  .   .                    shall  not .exceed one-half  the surface stream  width  or
                         the   width   encompassing   one-half   of  the  entire
                         cross-sectional  area of the stream,  whichever  is less.
                        Within  any  one  heat dissipation area,  only one shore
                        shall,  be  used  in determining the limits of the area.
                        Where   waste  discharges are   close  to   each  other,
                        additional limitations  may be  prescribed to protect
 '                       water  uses.  Controlling temperatures shall be  measured
                        outside   the   heat   dissipation  zone.   The   rate   of
                        temperature   change   in  designated   heat  dissipation
                        areas shall not  cause mortality  of  the fish.

            39
Rhode Island            Class  A - Ho  allowable temperature  increase other than
                        of natural origin...

                        Class  B -: Only such  increases  that will mot impair any
                        usages    specifically   assigned    to   this  Class  The
                        temperature  increase  shall  not raise the temperature
                        of  the receiving waters  above  the recommended  limit  on
                        the   most  sensitive receiving water use and in  no  castes
                        exceed   83  degrees F.  In no case shall the temperature
                        of  the   receiving  water be raised more than 4 degrees
                        P.    Heated   discharges   into   designated  coldwater
                        habitats   shall  not  raise  the  temperature   above  68
                        degrees  F  outside an  established  thermal Mixing zone.

                        Class  C - Only such  increases that will not impair any
                        usages  specifically  assigned  to this Class or causes
                        the growth of unfavorable species of biota.

                        Class  D  -  None  except  where  the  inqrease will not

                                     -70-

-------
State                    Water Use and Criteria Values

                       •  exceed  the  recommended  limits  on the most sensitive
                         water use and in  no ease exceed 90°F.

                         Classes"  SA,   SB; "and  SC  -  No   temperature increase
                         except   where   the   increase vill   not   exceed  the
                         recommended   limit   on  the   most   sensitive  receiving
                         vater use and in no case exceed 83 degrees  F or in any
                         case   raise   the  normal temperature   more  than  1.6
                         degrees   F, 15-June through  September and not more than
                         4   degrees    F   from  October  through 15   June.   All
                         measurements   shall be   made  at   the  boundary  of such
             ...      .    mixing zones  as   is  found  to  be reasonable by the
            •    '  •     ..Director.  '          '   •'  .       "  ' •        .  	

              40                '
South Carolina          a.  The  water  temperature  of all Class A nnd  Class B
                         free   flowing  waters  shall not be increased more  than
                        5 F  (2.8 C)  above  natural  temperature conditions or
                        exceed  a  maximum  of 90°F (32.2°C) as a result of the
                        discharge   of   heated   liquids  unless  a  different
                        temperature  standard as provided for in Section E. has
                        been  established,  a mixing zone as provided in D. (5)
                       has   been   established,   or   a   Section   316  (a)
                       determination  under  the  Federal  Clean Water.Act has
                       been completed.

                       b.   The  weekly average water temperature of all Class
                       SA, 0Class SB, and Class SC waters  shall not  exceed 4°F
                       (2,2 C)  above natural  conditions   during  the   fall,
                       winter or  spring,   or  l.S°F  (0.8°C)   above natural
                       conditions  during  the  summer   as   a   result of  the
                       discharge   of  heated   liquids  unless  a   different
                       temperature standard as  provided  for in Section  E. has
                       been  established,   a  mixing zone as provided in D.(5)
                       has    been    established,    or  a  Section   315(a)
                     _. determination   under the  Federal   Clean Water Act has
       '.;••.       ; , ' ' been.-completed. ;    ••':.  •'•'•'•••          ••.•"••   ••' •

                       c.   The weekly average  water  temperature of all Class A
                       and Class B lakes or reservoirs shall not be increased
                       more  than 5  F (2.8°C)   above  natural conditions or
                       exceed  90 F   (32.2°C)  as a  result  of the discharge of
                       heated  liquids unless  a different temperature  standard
                       as   provided   for in  Section E.  has  been established, a.  ,;
                       mixing  zone as provided in D.(5) has been established,
                       or  a   Section  316(a)  determination under the Federal
                       Clean Water Act has 4>een completed.

                       Class  A-Trout - Not  to vary from levels existing under
                       natural  conditions,  unless determined  that some other
                       temperature will protect the classified  uses.
                                    -71-

-------
 State
 Water Dae and Criteria Values
 South Dakota
             41
                         B-Tront  -  Not  to  vary  from  levels  existing under
                         natural  conditions,  unless determined that some other
                         temperature vill protect the classified uses.
 (The  applicable  criterion
 timest without exception.)
is  to be maintaned at all
                         Coldvater  .Permanent  Fish  Life  Propagation  Waters -
                         temperature shall be less than 65 P. .....

                         Coldvater  Marginal  Fish  Life . Propagation  Waters ,-
                         Temperature aay not exceed 75 F.  •
                         War? water-  Pi
                         Temperature may not exceed 80°F.
                    it  Fish  Life  Propagation  Waters -
                         Wrnvater
                       it Fish Life Propagation '/aters -
                         Temperature! may not exceed 90 F.

                         fanvater  Marginal  Fish  Life  Propagation
                         Temperature may not exceed 90°P.
                                               Waters  -
                         Temperature!  change in fish life propagation waters. Mo
                         discharge  or  discharges  shall affect the temperature
                         by.  more  than  4 F  in  streams  classified  for .the
                         beneficial   use   of   coldvater  permaxuiint,   coldvater
                         marginal,     or    varmvater    permanent    fish   life
                         propagation;   by  more  than 5°F in streams  classified
                         for  the  beneficial use of varmvater marginal fish life
                        .propagation  or  varmvater  semipermanent  fish life;  or
                         by  more   than  3 F in lakes or  impoundments  classified
                         for  the   beneficial  use  of  fish life   propagation.
                        Exceptions to  this  criterion   may  be granted to the
                        Board if  such discharge vill not impair the  beneficial
                        use  of fish  life.propagation. In addition, the maximum
                        incremental  temperature shall not exceed  2°F per hour.
                        There shall   be  no  induced  temperature change over
                        spawning beds.
Tennessee
         42
Domestic  Water  Supply - The maximum water temperature
change  shall  not  exceed  3  degrees C relative to an
upstream  control  point.  The temperature of the water
shall  not  exceed  30.5 degrees C and the maximum rate
of  change  shall  not exceed 2 degrees C per hour. The
temperature   of   impoundments   where  stratification
occurs  will  be  measured  at  a  depth  of 5 feet, or
mid-depth  whichever  is  less,  and the temperature in
flowing streams shall be measured at mid-depth.
                        Industrial  Vstc
                        Supply.
                   Supply  -  Same  as  Domestic  Water
                                     -72-

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 State                   Pater Use and Criteria Values


                         Fish  and  Aquatic Life - The maximum vater  temperature
                         change  shall  not  exceed  3  degrees C relative  to  an
                         upstream  control  point.  The temperature of  the  vater
                         shall  not  exceed  30.5 degrees C and the maximum rate
                         of  change  shall  not exceed 2 degrees C per hour. The
                         temperature   of  recognized  trout  waters  shall  not
                         exceed  20  degrees  C.   There  shall  be  no  abnormal
                         temperature   changes  tha.t  may  affect  aquatic  life
                         unless  caused  by  natural conditions.  The temperature
                         of  impoundments  where  stratification  occurs will be
              ;           measured  at mid-depth in the epilimnion for warm water
                         fisheries  and  mid^depth . in  the hypolimnion for cold
                         wausr  fisheries.   In  the  case  of large impoundments
                         (330  acres  or larger)   subject to stratification and
                         recognized   as  trout waters,  _the  temperature of the
                         bypolimnion   shall   not  exceed  20 degrees   C.   The
                         temperature  on  flowing   streams  shall be measured at
                         mid-depth.

                         Recreation -  Same as  Domestic Water Supply. '

                         Irrigation  - The temperature of  the  water shall not  be
                         raised  or  lowered   to  such an  extent as to interfere
                         with its use  for irrigation purposes.

                         Livestock  Watering  and  ¥ildlife - The temperature of
                         the  water  shall  not  be raised or lowered to  such an
                         extent  as  to  interfere  with  its  use for livestock
                        watering and wildlife.  .


Tcxas                   Consistent  with  the  Section  §307.1  of  this  title
                         (relating   to   General   Policy   Statement)  and  in
                        accordance    with    state   water   rights   permits,
                        tenP«ature  in  industrial  cooling  lake impoundments
                        and  all  other , surface  waters  of the state shall be
                      .maintained  so  as  to not  interfere with the reasonable
                        use  of  such  waters. Numerical  temperature criteria
                        nave  not  been specifically  established  for industrial
                        cooling  lake  impoundments,  which in most  areas of the
                        state   contribute   to water  conservation and  water
                        quality  objectives.    With the  exception of industrial
                        cooling  impoundments,  temperature  elevations   due to
                        discharges  -of  treated domestic   (sanitary)  effluent,'
                        and  designated mixing zones,  the  following temperature
                        criteria,    expressed  as   a   .maximum    temperature
                        differential    (rise   over  ambient)   are   established:
                        freshwater   streams    -   5?F;  freshwater  lakes  and
                        impoundments   -  3°F;  tidal river  reaches,  bay and gulf

                               "*  in fal    Vint                        °   in
                                                                 '       '
                       summer    (June,   July,   and   August).     Additional
                       temperature    -criteria    .(^pressed    as     maximum
                       temperatures)  for. classified, segments are specified  in

-------
 Sfcite
 Pater Use mid Criteria Values

 Appendix  A  of  $307.10  of   this   title  (rclating to
 Appendices A through C).
Utah
    44
 Aquatic  Life:  Class  3A  -  Maximum temperature  20°C.
 Maximum temperature change 2 C.

 Aquatic  Life:  Class  311  4  3C  - Maxiiium temperature
 27VC...Maximumtemperature change 4 C.

 Domestic  Source:  Classes  1A,  11, and 1C; Recreation
 aod  Aesthetics:  Classes  2A  and  2B;  Aquatic  Life:
 Class  3D;  tod  Agriculture:  Class  4  - Insufficient
 evidence  to  warrant  die  establishment:  of numerical
 standard.  Limits assigrad on case-by-case basis.
Veraont
       .45
 a.    General   -  The  change  or  rate  of  change  in
 temperature,    either  upward  or  downward,   shall  be
 controlled   so  as  to prevent any undue adverse effect
 on aquatic  biota,  fish and wildlife.

 b.  Cold  Water Pish  Habitat  - The total increase in
 temperature  from   background  conditions  due  to  nil'
 discharges  and activities shall not  at any time exceed
 1.0. P except:  as provided  for  in paragraph (d)  below.

 c.  Wan  Water Pish  Habitat  - The to tail increase  in
 temperature  from   background  conditions  due  to all
 discharges  and' activities shall not  at any tine exceed
 the  values   derived   from tables I  or  2   except  as
 provided for  in  paragraph  (d)  below.

Table 1.  Rivers, Streams.  Brooks  and Creeks
                        Background temperature
                        Above 66~F
                        63° to 66°F
                        59® to 62°F
                        55° to 58°P
                        Below 55°P
                                   Total allowable
                                   increase above
                                   background
                                   temperature
                                        2
-------
 State                   Water Use and Criteria Values


                         Tabla 2.   Lakes. Ponds. Reservoirs  and  other waters

                                                            Total allowable
                                                            increase  above
                                                            background
                         Background temperature     	temperature
                         Above 60T  .    :                        l°p	
                         50° to 60°P                      .       2°F
                         Below 5Q°P         .                     3°F     :

                         d.  ^si^lation of TherMl Wastes - The Secretary may,
               '          u.t v******  condition,  specify .temperature  criteria
                         which  exceed  the  values  specified above in order to
                         authorize  discharges/  of  thermal  wastes  when  it is
                         shown that:

                         (l)The  discharge win comply with all other applicable
                         provisions of these rules.

                         (2)A  mixing  zone of 200 feet in length  is  not adequate
                         to provide for assimilation of the thermal  waste.

                         (3)After    taking   into account  the  interaction   of
                         thermal  effects  and   other   wastes,  that  the higher
                         temperature will  not   result  in thermal shock  or have
                        Si.,???16   adverse   «**«*  on   aquatic  biota,  fish  or
                        wildlife   or   any  beneficial values or  uses  associated
                        with  the classification of the  receiving waters.

Virginia46
                        VR680-21-01.5 Standards for Maximum Temperature
                        Class  HI: aon-tidal Waters (Coastal Zone and Piedmont
                        Zones) - Maximum temperature 32°C.

                        Class   XV:   Mountainous
                        temperature 31°C.

                                     Put   and  Take


                               VI:   Natural   Trout  Waters - Maximum  temperature
                           C*
                        Class  VH:   Swamp  Water - Maximum  temperature  will be
                        the   same  as  that   for Classes I through  VI waters as
                        appropriate.                   .         .               •
                       YR680-21-01.6  Rise Above Natural  enrngrar-t.™
                       Any  rise  above  natural  temperature shall no t exceed
                       .3 c,  except  in  the  ease of Class VI waters (natural
                       trout  waters), where it shall not exceed 1°C. However^
                       the  Board  can, on a case-by-case basis, impose a more
                                    -75-

-------
State ' •                ffater Use and Criteria. Values
                        stringent  .Unit on  the rise above natural  temperature.
                        Natural  temperature is defined as  that  temperature  of
                        a  body  of  vater   (Measured as the arithmetic average
                        over   one  hour)  due  solely  to   natural conditions
                        without the influence of any point-source discharge.

                        VR680-21-01.7  Maximum Hourly Temperatune Change
                        The  maximum hourly  temperature change shall not exceed
                       .20,  except  in  the  case of Class VI waters /natural
                        trout  waters)  vhere  it  .shall not excused 0.5 C. This
                        standard,  (limit)  shall apply beyond the boundaries of
                        mixing ; zones and is in addition to temperature changes
                        caused by natural conditions.

                        VR680-21-01.8     Thermal  Discharges  flrto  Lakes  and
                        Impoundments                             .. . •
                        In    lakes    and   impoundments    recf.lving   thermal
                        discharges,   the  temperature   of   the  epilimnion  or
                        surface  vater  when  there is  no  stratification shall
                        not  be  raised  more than  3 C above that: which existed
                        before  the  addition of heat of artificial origin.. The
                        Board  may,  on  a  case-by-case basis,   impose a more
                        stringent  limit  on  temperature   rise.   The   increase
                        shall  be  based  on the monthly average  of the maximum
                        daily  temperature.   The temperature  of releases from
                        these  lakes   and. impoundments shall  be consistent with
                        standards   established  for the receiving waters.  When
                        an  applicant   for a permit purposes  either  a discharge
                        of  ..heated  effluent  into the hypoliranion  or  the pumping
                        of  vater faros the hypplimnion for : re turn  back  into the
                        same    body of vater,  such  practice shall.,  not be
                        approved    unless   a special   study  shows that   the
                        practice will not produce adverse effects.

                       VR680-21-03U9   Site-Specific Temperature Requirements
                       The    temperature   limitssetforth   in   Sections
                       VR680-21-01 i 5 ...-•• VR680-21-01.8  may  be  super ceded in
                       certain  .locations   by    Site-Specific    Temperauter
                       Standards  or   in  the  case where   a  thermal variance
                       demonstration   is  performed in accordance with  Section
                       316(a)   of   the   Clean  Water  Act.    Criteria   for
                       development  of  site specific temperature requirements
                       is   found   in   A.   below.      Crieria   for  316(a)
                       demonstrations is found in B. belov.

                       A.  Criteria  for  Developing Site-Specific Temperature
                       Standards:  For  any specified time of year  there shall
                       be  tvo  upper  limiting  temperatures  far  a location
                       based   on   temperature   requirements   of  important
                       sensitive  species  found at the location at that time.
                       These limiting temperatures  are:

                       .     1. A maximum weekly average temperature.that:


                                 '  ! -76-   •   '              .          '     •'

-------
State                   BatfirOse and Criteria Values
                                  a.  in  the  warmer  months   is determined  by
                                  adding    to    the   physiological    optimum
                                ..temperature  (usually the optimum for  growth)
                                  for  the  most  sensitive  important   species
                                  (and  appropriate  life  stage) that normally
                                  is  found at that location and time; a factor
                                  calculated  as  one-third  of  the difference
                                  between  the  ultimate upper incipient lethal
                        -;    .'    temperature  and  the optimum temperature for
                                . . that species;              ...

                                -'_ b.  in  the.  cooler  months  is  ah  elevated
                                  temperature  that  would  still  ensure  that
                                  important    species   would  survive  if  the
                                  temperature  suddenly  dropped  to the-normal
                                  ambient  temperature;

                                  c.    during   reproduction   seasons    meats
                                  specific  site   requirements   for  successful
                                  migration,    spawning,   egg  incubation,-   fry.
                                  rearing,   and other reproductive functions.of
                                  important  species;

                                  d.  at   a  specific  site  is  found necessary to
                                  preserve normal species diversity!or.prevent
                                  undesirable growths of nuisance organisms..

                       2.  A  time-dependent  maximum  temperature  for  short
                       exposures.

                       Baseline   thermal  conditions  shall  be  measured at a
                       site  where  there  is no unnatural thermal addition from
                       any  source,  which  site is in reasonable proximity to
                       the  thermal  discharge (within 5 miles), and which has
                       similar  hydrography to that of the receiving waters at
                       the point of discharge.

                       Standards  development  should  be  in  accordance with
                       Water  Quality Criteria 1972:  A Report of the Committee
                       on  Water  Quality  Criteria  and  Quality Criteria for
                       Water,  U.S. Environmental  Protection Agency.

                       B. 316(a) Determinations
                       A   successful  demonstration  accepted   by   the   Board ^
                       concerning  thermal  discharge limits  carried out under
                       Section  316(a)  of  the  Clean Water  Act shall  constitute
                       compliance  with  the temperature requirements  of these
                       standards.    A successful  demonstration  must  assure the
                       protection  and   propagation   of  a balanced  indigenous
                       population  of  aquatic species  and  wildlife  in or  on
                       the water in which the  discharge is made.  When  making
                       a   determination  concerning   thermal  discharge  limits
                                   -77-

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 State                   ¥ater Uae and Criteria Values

                         uad«r  Section 316(a) of the Clean Water Act,  the Board
                         shall  provide  notice  and  opportunity  for  a public
                         hearing.
           47
.Washington              Water temperature expressed in degrees Celsius.]

                         Class   AA  {Extraordinary)  -  Temperature  shall  not
                        .exceed  16.0   (freshwater) or 13.0° (marine vater) due
                         to  human  activities. Temperature increases shall not,
                         «t   any   time,    exceed  t-23/(T+5)  (freshwater)  or
                         t«8/(T-4) (marine water).

                         Vheno natural . conditions exceed 16.0? (freshwater) and
                             o
                         13.0   (Bar:lnr,  water),  no temperature increase vill be
                         allowed  . whi A   will   raise
                         temperature Ky greater than 0.3
                         For  purposes  hereof,   "t"  represents  the permissive
                         temperature  change  across  the dilution zone;  and T"
                         represents   the  highest  existing  temperature  in this
                         water classification outside of any dilution zone.

                         Provided    that  temperature  increase  resulting  from
                         nonpoint  source  activities shall not exceed 2.8°,  amd
                         the  maximum water  temperature shall not exceed 16.3°
                         (freshwater).    .                             ...

                         Class A  (Excellent)  -  Temperature   shaill  not  exceed
                         18.0   (freshwater)  or  16.0°   (marine  water)   due to
                         human activities.  Temperature  increases shall not,  at
                         any  time,  exceed  c»28/(Tn.7)  (freshwater)  or  t-12/(T-7)
                         (marine water).

                        Wheno natural conditions exceed  18.0°  (freshwater )  and
                         16.0   (marine  water), no temperature increase will be
                        allowed   which   .will   raise    the    receiving   water
                         temperature by greater than: 0.3  .

                        For  purposes  hereof,  "t"  represents   the  permissive
                         temperature  change  across  the dilution  zone; and  "T"
                        represents  the  highest   existing  temperature in this
                        water classification outside of any dilution  zone.

                        Provided   that  temperature  increase  resulting from
                        nonpoint  source  activities  shall not exceed 2.8°  and
                        the  maximum  water  temperature shall not; exceed  18.3°
                        (freshwater).
                                    i,

                        Class  B  (Good)  -  Temperature shall not exceed  21.0°
                        (freshwater)  or  19.0   (marine  water)  due  to  human
                        activities.   Temperature  increases  shall  not,  at any
                        time,   exceed t«34/(T+9) (freshwater) or t»16/T (marine
                        water.)'.   •          : '  •     '    .           • • '. .    .  •   •
                                     -78-

-------
 Stett
 Eater Use and Criteria Values
                        .When  natural  conditions exceed 21.0°  (freshwater).and
                         19.0   (marine  water), no temperature  increase will be
                         allowed   which   will   raise   the    receiving  vater
                         temperatfire by gleater than 0.3 .

                         For  purposes  hereof,  "t"  represents  the permissive
                         temperature  change,  across  the dilution zone; and  "T"
                         represents  the  highest  existing  temperature in this
                         vater .classification outside of any dilution zone.

                         Provided"  that ;temperature  increase  resulting  from
                         nonpoint  source  activities shall.not exceed 2.8°,  and
                         the  maximum  water  temperature shall not exceed 21.3°
                         (freshwater).
                         Class
                         24*0°
        C  (Fair)  - Vater temperatures shall not exceed
        (freshwater)  or  22.0   (marine  water)  due to
 human  activities.  Temperature increases shall not, at
 any time,  exceed t-20/(T+Z).
                         Then  natural .conditions   exceed 22.0*
                         increase  will    be   allowed  which
                                        ,  no temperature
             —  —   ——-—  -..__.  will  raise  the
 receiving water temperature by greater than 0.3°.
                         For   purposes  hereof,   "t"  represents   the.permissive
                         temperature  change  across  the dilution zone; .and  "Tn
                         represents   the  highest existing   temperature in this
                         water classification outside of any  dilution zone.
                        Lake   Glass
                        conditions.
               -  No  measurable  change   from  natural
Vest Virginia48

Warm Vater B1.3
Visconsin
Temperature  rise  shall be limited to no more  than 5°F
above  natural  temperature,  not to exceed 87°F at any
time  during  months of May through November and not  to
exceed  73 F  at any time during the months of  December
through  April.    During  any  month of the year, heat
should  not  be  added  to  a  stream  in excess of the
amount  that  will  raise  the temperature of the water
more  than 5oF above natural temperature.  In lakes and
reservoirs,  the  temperature  of the elipimnion should
not  be raised more than 3 F by the addition of heat of
artificial  origin.    The  normal daily arid seasonable
temperature   fluctuations   that  existed  before  the
addition  of  heat  due  to  other  than natural causes
should be maintained.

Fish and Aquatic Life:

1.There  shall  be  no   temperature  changes  that  may
adversely affect aquatic life.
                                     -79-

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State '                  Water Use and Criteria Values
                        2.  Natural daily and seasonal  temperature fluctuations
                        shall be maintained.                             .

                        3.  The  maximum  temperature   rise  at  the edge of  the
                        nixing  zone  above  the  existing  natural .temperature
                        shall  not exceed 5 degrees F for streams  and 3 degrees
                        F for lakes.

                        4.  The  temperature  shall not exceed 89  degrees F  for
                        warm water fish;.   ;. . •   '  . .'    • •'      . "."  '   • •'.'  • • •

                        Lake  Michigan and Lake Superior thermal .standards.  For
                        Lake  Michigan  and Lake Super iff the following thermal
                        standards-  are established so ai to minimize effects on
                        the aquatic biota in the receiving vatera".

                        1  (a) Thermal discharges shaTJL not raise  the receiving
                        vater  temperature  more  than  3  degrees  F. above  the
                        existing .natural temperature at the boundary .of mixing
                        zones established in paragraphs (b) and  (c).

                          (b)  1.   the  mixing  zone  for  a  shoreline thermal
                          discharge  shall  be  the .area  included  within  the
                       .   perimeter  of  a  rectangular  figure extending 1,250
                          feet  In both directions  along the shoreline from.the
                          outfall and 1,250 feet into the lake.
                           •
                              2.   The  mixing  zone  for  an  offshore  thermal
                              discharge  shall  be  the area rithin a 1,000-foot
                              radius  circle  vith   its  center ait the point of
                              discharge.

                        2.    In   addition  to  the  limitation  set  forth   in
                        subsection  (1),   but  excepting  the Milwaukee  Harbor,
                        Port   Washington  Harbor and the mouth of the Fox River,
                        thermal, discharges   to  Lake  Michigan shall not raise
                        the   temperature   of  the  receiving  waters,  at   the
                        boundary   of  the established  mixing  zone  above  the
                        following.
                        limits:

                       January        45°F       July           80°
                       February        45°        August          80°
                       March           45°        September       80°
                       April           55°        October        65°
                       May             60°        November       60°
                       June            70°        December       50°
                                                               .
                       Mississippi  river thermal standards.  In  addition to
                       the standards  for fish and  aquatic .life,  the monthly
                       average of the maximum daily  temperature in the
                       Mississippi  river outside the  mixing  zone shall  not
                       exceed  the following limits:

                                .    "-80-  •  '      '            .'•''.-

-------
State
Water Use and Criteria Values
                        January
                        February
                        March  -
                        April
                        May
                        June
               40°F

               54°°

               <
               75o
               84°
July
August
September
October
November
December
84
84
82e

73o
58*
48°
                        Thermal standards reviewed.
                        1. Whenever the owner of any source of thermal
                        discharges, in compliance vith department guidelines
                        and after opportunity for public hearing, can
                        demonstrate to the satisfaction of the department,
                        that the mixing zone established pursuant to this
                        chapter is more stringent than necessary to *.ssure the
                        protection and propagation of a balanced, indigenous
                        population of shellfish, fish and wildlife .n and on
                        the receiving water, the department may:

                             a.  Impose  a  mixing  zone 'with  respect to such
                             thermal  discharge that will assure the protection
                             and   propagation   of   a   balanced,   indigenous
                             population  of shellfish, fish and wildlife in and
                             on the receiving water, or

                             b.  Exempt such thermal discharge from the thermal
                             requirements   of   this   chapter  provided  this
                             exemption  will  not endanger the propagation of a
                             balanced,   indigenous  population  of  shellfish,
                             fish and wildlife in and on the receiving water.

                        2.   Any  owner  desiring a review pursuant to NR 102.07
                        (1)  shall  submit a demonstration to the department no
                        later  than June 30, 1976.  The department shall reach a
                        decision no later than December 31,  1976.
                        3.   In the event  the owner fails to make a satisfactory
                        demonstration  pursuant    to    NR   102.07   (1),   the
                        department  shall  establish   a compliance date for the
                        thermal  component  to be achieved no later than July 1,
                        1979.

                        4.   Whenever  the   owner   of   any  source  of  thermal^
                        discharges  that  commenced on or after  August 1,  1975,
                        in   compliance  with  department  guidelines  and  after
                        opportunity., for  public hearing,.can demonstrate to the
                        satisfaction of  the  department  that  the mixing zone
                        established   pursuant to this  chapter is more  stringent
                        than   necessary    to  assure   the  protection    and
                        propagation   of  a   balanced,   indigenous population of
                        shellfish,   fish  and  wildlife in and on the  receiving
                        water,  the department may:
                                    -81-

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 State           '        later Use and Criteria Values

                          '  .  *•  Inpose  a  nixing  zone  vith  respect  to such
                              thermal  discharge that vill assure the protection
                              and propagation of such a population, or

                              b..  Exempt such thermal discharge from the  thermal
    •  .                        requirements   of   this   chapter  provided  this
                              exemption  vill  not  endanger  the propagation of
                              such a.population.

                         5.   In  the event an owner fails to make & satisfactory
          .......       .  demonstration   pursuance   to   NE   .102.07  (4),  the
 '   .'•".  '              Discharge  shall  be  in  compliance  with . the thermal
                 ;      .  requirements   of  this chapter upon commencement of the
                         disrharge.                                         •

                         6. - The department may require the reduction of ?,hennal
                         discharges  or  the   size  of configuration of  a mixing
                         zone   it if finds that environmental damage is  imminent
                         os existent.

       SO              •
Vyoadng                  por   Class  I,   U and HI  waters  effluent  attributable
                         to  or influenced by the  activities  of man  shall not  be
                         discharged  in  the amounts  which change natural,ambient.
                         water,  temperatures   to   levels  which are  deemed to  be
                         harmful to  existing  aquatic life.                   •

                         For   impoundments  and waters designated by the  Wyoming
                         Game  and   Pish  Department  as  cold water  fisheries!
                         effluent    attributable   to   or    influenced   by i:h
-------
State
 Water Ose and Criteria Values

'In  all  waters  supporting vara and/or cold water fish
 there  shall  be  no  induced  temperature  change over
 spawning  beds.  For  questions concerning the location
 of  spawning  beds the Wyoming Game and Fish Department
 shall be the final authority.

 The   various requirements of this Section may be waived
 only  under   the  provisions  of  Section 316(a) of the
 Federal Act.
American Samoa'
              51
The   temperature  shall not  deviate more than 1.5°F. from
conditions  which would  occur naturally and shall not
bniriy   fluctuate more  than 1.0 degree Fahrenheit nor
fjcceed  '85  decrees  Fahrenheit due to the influence of
other than natural causes.
                    .52
District of Columbia    Class  B - Maximum 32.2 C; maximum change above ambient
                        2.8°C.
                        Class  C - Maximum 32.2 C; maximum change above ambient
                        2.8°C.
GUM
    .53
Water  temperature shall not be changed more.than  1.0 C
(1.8 F)    from   ' ambient   conditions,   outside   an
established mixing zone.
                  54            '                          ' •
N. Mariana Islands      Classes  AA,  A,  1  &  2 - Water temperature shall not
                        vary  by  more  than  1.5 F  (0.9°C)  from  the ambient
                        conditions.
Puerto Rico
           55
General Vater Quality Standards:
                        A.  Ho  heat
                        which  would
              may be added to the waters of Puerto Rico
         fi—  cause  the  temperature  of  any  site  to
exceed 94 F.
                        B.  Ho  discharge or combination of discharges into the
                        waters  of  Puerto  Rico  shall be injurious to fish or
                        shellfish  or  the culture or propagation of a balanced
                        indigenous  population  thereof  (nor in any way affect
                        desired use).
                        C.   Thermal   discharges  shall  be  confined
                        epilimnetic layer of stratified lakes.
                                                to  the
                        D*  Tneo rate  of  temPerature change shall not be more
                        than  1 F  per hour and shall not exceed a total of 5PF
                        in  any  24  hour  period  except  when  due to natural
                        causes. .
                                     -83-

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State
 Water Use and Criteria Values
Trust Territory'
               .56
 Temperature  shall  not vary by nore than 0.9°C (1.5°F)
 from the natural conditions in marine and fresh waters.
Virgin Islands
              .57
 Class  B - Temperature not to exceed 90°F. at any time,
 norQ  as  a result of waste discharge to be greater tham
 1.5 F.-  above  natural.:  Thermal  policy  section 186-5
 shall also apply.

 Thermal Polieys    _     '• .  ......-..:•   .'•'•••••;.   '••/.-'•
                        a.'  Fish an £ other aqua'ic life shall  be protected from
                        thermal  blocks  by  pr»viding for a minimum 75  percent
                        stream  or -'  estuarine  cross-section   and/or volumetric
                        passageway;,  including^ a  minimum  of  cm  half of the
                        surface  .is  measured  from water edge to .crater  edge at
                        any stage of tide.

                        b.  In  non-passageway  the  surface   water  temperature
                        shall not exceed 90 F.

                        c.  No  heat  may  be added except in  designated mixing
                        zones  which  would cause temperatures to 
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