United States
           Environmental Protection
           Agancy
             Office of Water
             Regulations and Standards
             Washington, DC 20460
EPA 440/5-88/027
September 1988
           Water
EPA
Copper
           Water Quality Standards
           Criteria  Summaries:
           A Compilation
           of State/Federal Criteria

-------

-------
                           DISCLAIMER

     This publication was prepared by Battelle under contract  to
the  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Contract  68-03-3534).
Secondary information sources were used to compile data presented
in this document.  Each State was  given an opportunity to  review
and provide comments on a draft  of this information document.  In
no  event  shall either the United States or  Battelle  have  any
responsibility or liability for  any use,  misuse, or reliance upon
the  information  contained herein,  nor does  either  warrant  or
otherwise represent in any way the accuracy, adequacy,  efficacy,
or applicability of the contents hereof.

     The  reader should consult  the water quality standards of  a
particular State for exact regulatory language applicable to that
State.   Copies of State water quality standards may be  obtained
from   the  State's  Water  Pollution  Control  Agency   or   its
equivalent.

     Additional information may  also be.obtained from the:

                        Standards  Branch
            Criteria and Standards Division (WH-585)
            Office of Water Regulations and Standards
              U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
                     Washington, D.C.   20460
                          202-475-7315
     This  document may be obtained only from the National Technical
Information Service (NTIS) at the following address:

                National Technical Information Service
                       5285 Front Royal Road
                    Springfield, Virginia 22161
                         703-487-4650

     The NTIS order number is:

-------
INTRODUCTION

This  digest  is  compiled to provide general information to the public as veil
as  to  Federal,  State,  and  local  officials.  It contains excerpts from the
individual   Federal-State   vater  quality  standards  establishing  pollutant
specific  criteria  for interstate surface waters.  The water quality standards
program  is  implemented  by  the  U.  S. Environmental Protection Agency where
responsibility   for   providing   water   quality  recommendations,  approving
State-adopted  standards  for  interstate  waters,  evaluating adherence to the
standards,  and  overseeing  enforcement  of  standards  compliance,  has  been
mandated by Congress.

Standards,  a nationwide strategy for surface water quality management, contain
three  major  elements:  the use (recreation, drinking water, fish and wildlife
propagation,  industrial,  or  agricultural) to be made of the navigable water;
criteria  to  protect  these  uses; and an antidegradation statement to protect
existing high quality waters, from degradation by the addition of pollutants.
Guidance  for the development of standards by individual States is contained in
two  EPA documents entitled Vater Quality Standards Handbook (1983) and Quality
Criteria for Water (1986).

Copper  is  an essential trace element required in. plant and animal metabolism.
Most  natural  waters  contain  copper at levels not known to have any human or
aquatic  toxicological  effects.  Concentrations of copper in water result from
metal   plating,   mining,   pesticide   production,  and  electrical  products
industries.    The' toxicity  of  copper  to  aquatic life is enhanced by lower
alkaline  conditions and increased water hardness.  Copper in sufficiently high
concentrations does impart undesirable taste to water.

The 1986 Quality Criteria for Vater recommends the following:
freshwater aquat
     chronic   e
     acute     e
                                 and  their.us
                     (0.9422[ln(hardness)]-1.464)
                                                 ug/1
    saltwater aquatic organisms and  their uses
         chronic   2.9 ug/1

    human health
         Sufficient  data not available  to derive a level of protection against
         potential toxicity.

         Using  available  organoleptic  data, for controlling undesirable  taste
         and odor quality of ambient water,  the estimated level  is  1 mg/1.

Since  water  quality  standards  are  revised  from   time  to   time,  following
procedures  set forth in the Clean Vater Act, individual entries  in this digest
may  be  superseded.    This digest  will be  updated periodically.   Because  this
publication  is  intended  for use only  as a general  information  reference,  the
reader  needs  to  refer  to  the  current   approved  water quality  standards  to
obtain  the latest information for special purposes and applications.  These  can
be  obtained  from   the  State  water  pollution  control  agencies  or the  EPA
Regional Offices.

                                     -2-

-------
                                  REFERENCES

5   California Water Quality Standards by River Basins, ca. 1975

    For  more detailed information on selected basins, sub-basins and stretches
    of  streams  and  coastal  areas  refer  to  California State Water Quality
    Standards.

25  Missouri  Water  Quality  Standards, 10 CSR 20-7.031, Rule of Department of
    Natural Resources: Division 20 - Clean Water Commission.

31  Water  Quality  Standards  for  Interstate  and  Intrastate  Streams in New
    Mexico, State of New Mexico Water Quality Control Commission, 1988.

35  Ohio  Water  Quality  Standards, Chapter 3745-1 of the Administrative Code,
    Ohio Environmental Protection Agency, 1985.

42  Tennessee's  Water  Quality  Criteria  and  Stream  Use Classifications for
    Interstate  and  Intrastate Streams, Tennessee Water Quality Control Board:
    Department of Health and Environment, 1987.

43  Texas  Surface  Water  Quality  Standards,  Texas  Water  Commission,  Rule
    Change, 1988.

44  Utah  Standards  of  Quality  for  Waters of the State, Wastewater Disposal
    Regulations:  Part  II,  State  of  Utah  Department of Health; Division of
    Environmental Health, 1988.

46  Virginia Water Quality Standards, State Water Control Board, 1987.

51  Water Quality Standards for American Samoa, 1984, pp. 16-18.

52  Water   Quality   Standards  of   the  District  of  Columbia,  Chapter  42,
    Department of Consumer and Regulatory Affairs, 1985, Section 4206.1.

53  Revised   Guam  Water  Quality  Standards,  Guam  Environmental   Protection
    Agency, 1984, pp. 7, 12-13.

54  Commonwealth  of  Northern  Mariana  Islands Marine and Fresh Water Quality
    Standards, Commonwealth Register, Vol. 8 No. 5, 1986, pp. 4464-4468.

55  Puerto  Rico  Water  Quality  Standards  Regulation,  Environmental Quality
    Board,  1983.

56  Marine  and   Fresh  Water  Quality   Standard  Regulations,  Trust  Territory,
    1986,  pp.  5,  8-10.

57  Water   Quality   Standards  for   the  Coastal  Waters of  the Virgin Islands,
    Title  12,  Chapter 7,  Subchapter 186, 1985,  p. 263.
                                      -3—

-------
 ENVIRONMENT  REPORTER,   The  Bureau  of National Affairs,  Inc.  Washington,  D.C.
     20037

 I    Pages   701:1002,  July 9,  1982,  701:1003-1004,  June 26,  1981,  701:1005-1010,
     September 5,  1980

 2    Pages  706:1005-1009,  November 7,  1986

 3    Pages  711:1002-1003,  1017,' 1021,  February 7, 1986

 4    Pages  716J1004-1005,  August 30,  1985

 6    Pages  726s1005-1006,  March 22,  1985, 726:1011,  August  22,  1986

 7    Pages  731i1002,  1006-1007, May 14,  1982

 8    Pages  736s1001,  1006-1010, March  28, 1986

 9    Pages   746:1010.1-1010.2,   September  5,   1986,   746:1011-1013,  January 21.
     1983

 10   Pages  75Is0504-0505,  December 27,  1985

 11   Page 756:1002,  September  20,  1985

 12   Pages  761s1026-1028,  January  23,  1987

 13   Pages   766:0505,  0514,   March  28,  1986,  766:0508,  May,  25, 1984,  766:0516,
     December  7, 1984

 14   Pages   771:1002,  1013-1017,  January  10,   1986,  771:1003-1006, August 10,
     1984,  771:1007-1009,  December 26,  1980

 15   Pages  776;1005-1006,  February 13,  1987

 16   Pages  781:1011-1012,  March 27,  1987

 17   Pages  786:1007-1010,  November 29,  1985

 18   Pages  791:1005-1006,  January  18, 1985

 19   Pages  796:0104-0109,  0127-0128, April 18,  1986

 20   Page 801:1002, April  19,  1985

 21   Page 806:1002, June 21, 1985
                                                *
 22   Pages  811:1003-1004,  February 13,  1987

 23   Pages  816:1003-1010,  June  25, 1982

 24   Page 821:1002, October 25,  1985

26  Pages  831:1004-1009,  April 19, 1985

-------
27  Pages 836:1003-1006, March 27, 1987

28  Pages  841:1001, 1011, 1013, 1087, February 22, 1985, 841:1005, 1008, 1025,
    1065, June 29, 1984

29  Pages 846:1002-1004, 1008-1009, October 5, 1984

30  Pages 851:1004, 1009-1010, 1017-1018, 1021, April 11, 1986

32  Pages 861:1007-1012, 1018, 1032-1036, November 29, 1985

33  Pages 866:1006, December 27, 1985, 866:1009-1013, August 29, 1986

34  Pages 871:1002-1004, June 7, 1985

36  Pages 881:1003-1008, 1014, September 26, 1986

37  Pages 886:1006-1047, May 9, 1986

38  Pages 891:1004-1005, August 9, 1985

39  Pages 901:1002-1005, 1012-1015, August 9, 1985

40  Pages 906:1004, 1006-1009, November 29, 1985

41  Page 911:1003, March 22, 1985

45  Page 931:1006, March 22, 1985

47  Pages 941:1003-1005, October 21, 1983

48  Pages 946:1002, 1007-1008, August 10, 1984

49  Page 951:1002, March 13, 1987

50  Page 956:1005, July 5, 1985

52  Pages 741:1002-1003, March 28, 1986
                                     —5—

-------
State and Water Use
Copper Criteria Values
Alabama

All

All
Public  Water  Supply
Swimming and Other
Whole Body Water-
Sports
Shellfish Harvesting
Fish and Wildlife
Not specified

Minimum  conditions  narrative:   State waters shall be
free    from   substances   attributable   to   sewage,
industrial  wastes or other wastes in concentrations or
combinations  which  are  toxic  or  harmful  to human,
animal  or aquatic life to the extent commensurate with
the designated usage of such waters.

       Toxic  substances narrative:  Only such amounts,
whether  alone  or in combination with other substances
as  will  not render the waters unsafe or unsuitable as
a    source   of   water   supply   for   drinking   or
food-processing   purposes,   or   injurious  to  fish,
wildlife  and  aquatic  life,  or  adversely affect the
aesthetic  value  of  waters  for  any  use  under this
classification. -

Toxic substances narrative:  Only such amounts,  whether
alone or in combination with other substances or
wastes,   as  will  not  render  the  water  unsafe  or
unsuitable  for  swimming  and water-contact sports; be
injurious  to fish, wildlife and aquatic life or, where
applicable,  shrimp  and crabs; impair the palatability
of  fish, or where applicable, shrimp and crabs; impair
the  waters  for  any  other usage established for this
classification  or  unreasonably  affect  the aesthetic
value of waters for any use under this classification.

Toxic   substances   narrative;    Only  such  amounts,
whether  alone or in combination with other substances,
as  will  not  be  injurious  to fish and aquatic life,
including  shrimp  and  crabs; affect the marketability
of  fish  and  shellfish,   including  shrimp and crabs;
exceed  one-tenth of the 96-hour median tolerance limit
for  fish,   aquatic life or shellfish, including shrimp
and crabs.

Toxic   substances   narrative:    Only  such  amounts,
whether  alone or in combination with other substances,
as  will  not  be  injurious  to fish and aquatic life,
including  shrimp and crabs in estuarine or salt waters
or  the propagation thereof;  not to exceed one-tenth of
the   96-hour  median  tolerance  limit  for  fish  and
aquatic  life,  including  shrimp and crabs in salt and
estuarine    waters,    except   that   other"   limiting
concentrations  may  be  used  when factually justified
and approved by the Commission.
                                     -6-

-------
State and Water Use     Copper Criteria Values
Agricultural & Indus-
trial
Industrial Operations
Navigation
Toxic substances narrative:  Only such amounts as will
not  render  the  waters  unsuitable  for  agricultural
irrigation,  livestock  watering,  industrial  cooling,
industrial  process  water  supply  purposes,  and fish
survival, nor interfere with downstream water uses.

Toxic  substances narrative:  Only such amounts as will
not   render   the  waters  unsuitable  for  industrial
cooling  and  industrial process water supply purposes,
nor interfere with downstream water uses.

Toxic  substances narrative:  Only such amounts as will
not  render  the  waters  unsuitable  for  agricultural
irrigation,  livestock  watering,  industrial  cooling,
and  industrial  process  water  supply purposes, where
applicable, nor interfere with downstream water uses.
Alaska

All

I. Fresh Water
   (A)  Water  Supply
        (i) Drinking,
Culinary & Food
Processing
Not specified
Toxic substances narrative:   Shall not exceed Alaska
Drinking Water  Standards  or EPA  Quality  Criteria  for
Water.
       (ii)  Agricultural Toxic substances  narrative:   Same as  I.(A)(i)  where
 incl.  Irrigation and    contact with a product  destined for subsequent human
 Stock Watering          consumption  is present.   Same as I.  (C)  or FWPCA Water
                         Quality    Criteria(WQC/FWPCA)    as     applicable   to
                         substances    for   stockwaters.    Concentrations   for
                         irrigation  waters  shall not exceed  (WQC/FWPCA)  or WQC
                         1972.
      (iii) Aquaculture
 Toxic  substances narrative:   Shall not individually or
 in  combination  exceed  0.01 times the lowest measured
 96-hour  LC50  for life stages of species identified by
 the   department   as   being   the   most   sensitive,
 biologically  important  to  the  situation  or  exceed
 criteria  cited  in  EPA  Quality Criteria for Water or
 Alaska     Drinking     Water    Standards    whichever
 concentration   is  less.    Substances  shall  not  be
 present  or exceed concentrations which individually or
 in  combination  impart  undesirable  odor  or taste to
 fish  or  other  aquatic  organisms  as  determined  by
 either bioassay or organoleptic tests.
                                      -7-

-------
 State and  ¥al:er Use
Copper Criteria Values
       (iv)  Industrial,
Including Any Water
Supplies Used In  Asso-
ciation With A  Manu-
facturing Or Production
Enterprise  (other than
Food Processing),  In-
cluding Mining, Placer
Mining, Energy  Produc-
tion. Or Development.

   (B)  Water Recreation
       (i) Contact
Recreation.

     (ii) Secondary
Recreation

   (C)  Growth And  Propa-
gation Of Fish, Shell-
fish,  Other Aquatic
Life,  And Wildlife
Including Waterfowl
And Furbearers
Toxic substances narrative:  Substances shall not
present which pose hazards to worker contact.
be
Toxic substances narrative:  Same as I.(A)(i).
II. Marine Water
   (A) Water Supply
      (i) Aquaculture

     (ii) Seafood
Processing
Toxic substances narrative:  Substances shall not be
present which pose hazards to incidental human contact.

Toxic substances narrative:  Shall not individually or
in combination exceed 0.01 times the lowest measured
96-hour LC5Q for life stages of species identified by
by the department as being the. most sensitive,
biologically important to the location, or exceed
criteria  cited  in  EPA  Quality Criteria for Water or
Alaska     Drinking     Water    Standards    whichever
concentration   is  less.    Substances  shall  not  be
present  or exceed concentrations which individually or
in  combination  impart  undesirable  odor  or taste to
fish  or  other  aquatic  organisms  as  determined  by
either bioassay or organoleptic tests.
Toxic substances narrative:  Same as I.(A)(iii).

Toxic substances narrative:  Shall not exceed EPA
Quality   Criteria  for  Water  as  applicable  to  the
substance.
    (iii) Industrial,   Toxic substances narrative:  Same as I.(A)(iv),
Including Any Water
Supplies Used In Assoc-
iation With A Manu-                        .
facturing Or Production             .    •.   •
Enterprise (other than
Food Processing) Includ-
ing Mining, Placer             ,
Mining, Energy Pro-
duction Or Development.
  (B) Water Recreation
      (i) Contact
Recreation
Toxic substances narrative:  Shall not exceed EPA
Quality Criteria for Water as applicable to
constituent.
                                     -8-

-------
State and Water Use     Copper Criteria Values
      (ii) Secondary
Recreation
Toxic substances narrative:  Same as I.(B)(ii).
  (C) Growth And Propa- Toxic substances narrative:
gation Of Fish, Shell-
fish, Aquatic Life And
Wildlife Including Sea-
birds, Waterfowl And
Furbearers.
                             Same as I.(C)
  (D) Harvesting For
Consumption Of Raw
Mollusks Or Other Raw
Aquatic Life
Toxic substances narrative:  Same as I.(C) but
excluding the phrase "or Alaska Drinking Water
Standards."
Arizona

Domestic

Aquatic and
Wildlife
1.000 S mg/1 (S=filterable residue)

0.050 S mg/1
Agricultural Irrigation  5.000 T mg/1  (T-total  residues)

Agricultural Livestock   0.500 T mg/1
Watering                          ' '  • -
All Effluent
Dominated Waters

All
0.05 mg/1 dissolved
Toxic  substances  narrative:  All surface waters shall
be   free   from   toxic,  corrosive, or other deleterious
substances   attributable   to  domestic  or  industrial
waste  or  other  controllable  sources at levels or in
combinations  sufficient   to be toxic to human, animal,
plant,   or   aquatic  life.    With  respect   to  fish
toxicity,  receiving  waters outside mixing zones shall
not  have  a concentration of toxic materials exceeding
1/10 of   the  96-hour  LC50,  where  the  bioassay  is
conducted  using  fish  inhabiting the receiving waters
and   where   water   quality   conditions(temperature,
hardness,   pH,  dissolved oxygen,  etc.)  approximate
those  of  the   stream or  lake as closely  as practical.
Compliance  shall  be  indicated  when survival of test
group  organisms  is  not  less .than that of the control
group   organisms   exposed to  an  appropriate  water
sample.
                         a.     No  person  shall  cause  toxic
                         present   at   concentrations    which
                         designated protected uses.
                                        substances  to  be
                                         interfere   with
                                      -9-

-------
State and ¥a1:er Use
Copper Criteria Values
                         b.    Compliance with  a.  (above)  shall  be  determined  on
                         a site-specific basis  for each discharge.

                         c.    To  determine  compliance   with   this  Section and
                         other   water   quality   standards,  and   to determine
                         whether   toxic,  carcinogenic,  mutagenic,  teratogenic,
                         corrosive    or    otherw.se   deleterious    substances
                         attributable   to  pollutants, effluent, sewage  or waste
                         in   concentrations  or   combinations   which interfere
                         directly  or   indirectly  with protected uses are being
                         discharged,    the   Department  may  require chemical,
                         physical,  biological, radiological or  other testing  by
                         dischargers.
All

All
Not specified

Toxic  materials  "shall  not  be  present  in receiving
waters,  after  mixing,  in  such  quantities  as to be
toxic  to  human,  animal,  plant or aquatic life or to
interfere  with  the  normal  propagation,  growth  and
survival  of  the indigenous aquatic biota.  Within the
mixing  zone  there  may  be a zone of initial dilution
which  exceeds  the  acute  toxicity.    In no instance
shall   the   entire  mixing  zone  be  acutely  toxic.
Compounds   known   to   be   persistent,   cumulative,
carcinogenic  or  to exhibit synergism with other waste
or   stream   components   shall   be  addressed  on  a
case-by-case  basis.  Permitting of all toxic materials
shall  be  in  accordance with the toxic implementation
strategy found in the Continuing Planning Process.
California

All (except Basins 2,
5A, SB, 5C, and 6A)

Agricultural uses in
Basin 2 only

All uses in Basins
5A, 5B, and 5C only
Not specified


5.0 rag/1


0.01 nig/1
All uses in Brian Creek 0.02 mg/1
Basin (part of Basin
6A) only
Ocean waters only
0.005 mg/1 - 6-month Median
                                     -10-

-------
State and ¥ater Use
All
 Copper Criteria Values

 0.020 mg/1 - Daily Maximum

 0.05 mg/1 - Instantaneous  Maximum

 All   waters   shall   be    maintained  free  of  toxic
 substances  in  concentrations  that  are  toxic to,  or
 that  produce  detrimental  physiological  responses  in
 human,   plant,  animal,  or  aquatic  life.   Compliance
 with .this  objective  will  be  determined  by  use  of
"indicator  organisms,  analyses  of  species diversity,
 population  density,  growth  anomalies,   bioassays  of
 appropriate  duration  or   other appropriate methods  as
 specified by the Regional  Board.

 The   survival   of  aquatic  life  in  surface  waters
 subjected  to  a waste discharge, or other controllable
 water  quality factors,  shall not be less than that for
 the  same  water  body in  areas unaffected by the waste
 discharge,  or  when  necessary for other control water
 that   is   consistent  with   the   requirements  for
 "experimental  water" as described in "Standard Methods
 for  the  Examination  of  Water and Wastewater", latest
 edition.   As a minimum, compliance with this objective
 as  stated  in the previous sentence shall be evaluated
 with a 96-hour bioassay.

 In   addition,   effluent    limits   based  upon  acute
 bioassays   of   effluents  will  be  prescribed  where
 appropriate,   additional    numerical  receiving  water
 objectives  for  specific  toxicants will be established
 as   sufficient   'data  become  available,  and  source
 control of toxic substances will be encouraged.
Colorado
      .   T._   /1N/OX//X   .        , ,,,  (0.9422[ln(hardness) ]-0.7703)
Aquatic  Life  (1)(3)(4)   Acute  -  l/2^.8545[in(nardness)jl1.465)
Agriculture  (2)

Drinking Water Supply
(2)

All
 Chronic = e'

 200 ug/1 30-day avg.

 1000 ug/1 30-day avg.
 Except  where  authorized by permits, BMP's or plans of
 operation  approved by the Division, State waters shall
 be  free  from  substances attributable to human-caused
 point  source or nonpoint source discharges in amounts,
 concentrations  or  combinations  which  are harmful to
 beneficial  uses  or  toxic to humans, animals, plants,
 or aquatic life.
                         Footnotes:
                         (1)   Metals
                 for  aquatic  life  use  are  stated   as

              -11-

-------
State  and Vater Use
 Copper Criteria Values

 dissolved  unless othervise  specified.

 (2)   Metals   for  agriculture   and   domestic   uses   are
 stated as  total recoverable unless  othervise  specified.

 (3)   Hardness  values   to   be   used in  equations  are in
 mg/1   as   calcium  carbonate.   The  hardness values  used
 in  calculating  the  appropriate metal standard  should
 be  based  on the lower 95  per  cent confidence limit of
 the   mean  hardness value   at   the periodic  low  flow
 criteria   as   determined from  a regression analysis of
 site-specific  data.    where insufficient  site-specific
 data   exists   to  define the mean hardness value  at the
 periodic   low  flow criteria,   representative regional
 data   shall be used to  perform  the  regression analysis.
 where  a   regression  analysis   is   not appropriate,  a
 site-specific  method should be used.   In  calculating a
 hardness   value,   regression analyses   should not  be
 extrapolated  past the point  that data exist.

 (A)   Both  acute  and chronic numbers adopted as  stream
 standards  are levels not to be exceeded more than  once
 every three years on the average.
Connecticut

All

All
Not specified

Toxic  substances  narrative:   General Policy 11.  The
waters  shall  be  free  from  chemical constituents  in
concentrations  or  combinations which would be harmful
to   human,   animal  or  aquatic  life  for  the  most
sensitive  and  governing water use class. Criteria for
chemical    constituents    contained   in   guidelines
published  by  the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
shall  be considered.  In areas where fisheries are the
governing  consideration  and numerical limits have not
been   established,   bioassays  may  be  necessary   to
establish    limits   on   toxic   substances.      The
recommendations  for  bioassay  procedures contained  in
"Standard  Methods  for  the  Examination  of Water and
Wastewater"  and  the  application factors contained  in
EPA water quality guidelines shall be considered.
     For  surface  waters classified as public drinking
water,  the  raw  water sources must be maintained at a
quality  as  defined  by criteria developed by the U.S.
EPA  in  accordance  with  the  Safe Drinking Water Act
(P.A.  93-523)  or  the  State  of Connecticut (Section
19-13-B102       of       the       Regulations       of
Connecticut   State   Agencies),    whichever   is  more
stringent,  so  that criteria for finished water can  be
met after conventional treatment.
                                     -12-

-------
State and Water Use

Coastal' And Marine
Vater Uses
(Classes SA, SB, & SC)
                        Copper Criteria Values

                        Toxic substances narrative:  None in concentrations
                        or combinations which would be harmful to human,
                        animal  or  aquatic life or which would make the waters
                        unsafe  or  unsuitable  for  fish or shellfish or their
                        propagation,   impair  the  palatability  of  same,  or
                        impair  the  waters  for  any  other uses. (See General
                        Policy 11. above)
Delaware
All
                        Not specified
General Stream Criteria Toxic  substances narratives  All surface waters of  the
                        State  shall  be  free  from substances attributable to
                        wastes  of industrial, municipal, agricultural or other
                        anthropogenic   origin,   such   as   any   pollutants,
                        including  those  of a toxic nature, that may interfere
                        with  attainment  of  designated  uses  of  the  water,
                        impart  undesirable  odors,  tastes,  or  colors to  the
                        water  or  to  aquatic  life  found  therein,  endanger
                        public  health,  or  result  in  dominance  of nuisance
                        species.
Freshwater and Salt-
water Streams)
Stream Quality Criteria Toxic substances narrative:  None in concentrations
(General Criteria For   that may interfere with attainment of designated
                        uses of the water, endanger public.health, or result in
                        dominance  of  nuisance  species..    The  following EPA
                        publications,  or  any  other sources deemed acceptable
                        by  the  Department,  may  be  used  as  guidelines for
                        applying these Standards to discharges in the State:

                             (1) Water Quality Criteria 1972 (March, 1973),

                             (2) Quality Criteria For Water (July, 1976),

                             (3)     Water    Quality    Criteria    Documents,
                             (EPA-440/5-80-015   through  5-80-079),  published
                             in 1980,

                             (4)     Water    Quality    Criteria    Documents,
                             (EPA-440/5-84-028     through     5-84-033,    and
                             5-85-001), published in 1985.
Public Water  Supply
                        Waters  shall  be  free from substances (except natural
                        impurities)  that,  alone  or in combination with other
                        substances,   result   in   concentrations   of   toxic
                        substances  in the treated water that may be harmful to
                        human   health.    '  The  EPA  Water  Quality  Criteria
                        Documents,    (EPA-440/5-80-015    through    5-80-079)
                        published  in  1980, (or other sources as determined b,y
                        the  Department)  shall  be  used  as guidelines in the
                        determination of acceptable concentrations.
                                      -13-

-------
State and Water Use
ERES Waters
Copper Criteria Values

Toxic  substances  narrative:  Shall not exceed natural
levels.
(ERES   3=   Exceptional   Recreational   or  Ecological
Significance)
Florida7

All

Class I - Potable
Water Supply

Class II - Shellfish
Propagation or
Harvesting
0.5 mg/1

30 ug/1
0.015 mg/1
Class III - Recreation, 0.015 mg/1 in predominantly marine waters
Propagation and Manage- 0.03  mg/1 in predominantly fresh waters
ment of Fish and Wild-
Life
All
All
Minimum   criteria  for  surface  waters:  All  surface
waters  of  the  State shall at all times at all places
be free from:

Domestic,    industrial,    agricultural,    or   other
man-induced   non-thermal   components   of  discharges
which,  alone  or  in combination with other substances
or  in  combination with other components of discharges
(whether thermal or non-thermal);

     Are acutely toxic; or

     Are    present   in   concentrations   which   are
     carcinogenic,  mutagenic,  or teratogenic to human
     beings or to significant, locally  occurring,
     wildlife or aquatic species; or

     Pose  a  serious  danger  to  the  public  health,
     safety, or welfare.

General  criteria  for toxic substances (applied to all
surface   waters   except   within  zones  of  mixing):
Substances   in   concentrations   which   injure,  are
chronically  toxic to, or produce adverse physiological
or  behavioral response in humans, animals, or plants -
none shall be present.
Georgia

All
Toxic  substances  narrative:  All waters shall be free
from  toxic  substances discharged from municipalities,

             -14-

-------
State and Vater Use     Copper Criteria Values

                        industries  or other sources in amounts, concentrations
                        or  combinations  which  are harmful to humans, animals
                        or aquatic life.

Drinking Vater Supplies Toxic  substances  narrative:  No material or substance
                        in  such  concentration  that,  after  treatment, would
                        exceed    the   requirements   of   the   Environmental
                        Protection  Division  and the latest edition of Federal
                        Drinking Water Standards.
Recreation, Fishing,
Propagation Of Fish,
Shellfish, Game And
Other Aquatic Life.

Agricultural
Toxic wastes narrative:  None in concentrations that
would harm man, fish and game or other beneficial
aquatic life.
Toxic  substance  narrative:    None  in concentrations
that  would interfere with or adversely affect uses for
general  agricultural  purposes  or  would prevent fish
survival.
Industrial
Navigation
Toxic  substance  narrative:    None  in concentrations
that  would  prevent  fish  survival  or interfere with
legitimate and beneficial industrial uses.

Toxic  substance  narrative:    None  in .concentrations
that  would  damage  vessels,  prevent fish survival or
otherwise interfere with commercial navigation.
Hawaii11
All

All
Not specified

Toxic  substances  narrative:  All waters shall be free
of  substances attributable to domestic, industrial, or
other   controllable   sources   as   follows:    toxic
substances  at  levels or combinations sufficient to be
toxic  or  harmful  to  human, animal, plant or aquatic
life  or  in  amounts  sufficient to interfere with any
beneficial use of the water.

As  a  minimum,  a  phytoplankton  bioassay  test  or a
96-hour  bioassay  shall be required.  Survival of test
organisms  shall  not  be  less  than  that in controls
which utilize appropriate experimental water.
Idaho

All
     12
Not specified

The   following  general  water  quality  standards will
apply   to  waters  of   the  State,  both  surface   and
underground,    in   addition    to    the  water  quality

             -15-

-------
State and ffater Use
Copper Criteria Values
                        standards   set   forth   for  specifically  classified
                        waters.    As  a result of man-caused point or nonpoint
                        source   discharge,   waters  of  the  State  must  not
                        contain:
                                                  Materials:
                                        (see
       Section
     .01     Hazardous	
01-2003,19.)  in  concentrations  found to be of public
health  significance  or to adversely affect designated
or protected beneficial uses.
                             .02    Deleterious
                        01-2003,07.)
                           Materials:
(see   Section
              in  concentrations that impair designated
or protected beneficial uses without being hazardous.
Illinois13

General Use
0.02 mg/1
Toxic  substances  narrative:    Any substance toxic to
aquatic  life shall not exceed one-tenth of the 96-hour
median  tolerance limit (96-hr. TL ) for native fish or
essential   fish   food  organisms,  except  for  USEPA
registered  pesticides approved for aquatic application
and applied pursuant to specified conditions.
Secondary Contact and   1.0 mg/1
Indigenous Aquatic Life
Effluent Standards
0.5 mg/1

No  person  shall  cause  or allow  the concentration of
copper  in  any  effluent   to  exceed  the above level,
subject   to   the  averaging  rules  contained in Section
304.104(a).
                         Section  304.203 Copper Discharges by Olin Corporation
                             This   section  applies   to  an  existing   facility
                         owned  by   Olin   Corporation  which  discharges  to Wood
                         River  Creek  and  the East Fork of Wood River  Creek in
                         Madison  County.    Such  discharges shall not be  subject
                         to   Section  304.105  as  it applies to  the water  quality
                         standard for  copper of 35 111. Adm. Code 302.208.
Indiana 4

All

All
Not specified

Toxic   substances  narrative:   All waters at all  times
and  at  all   places,   including  the mixing zone,  shall
meet    the   minimum   conditions  of  being  free   from
substances   attributable    to  municipal,  industrial,
agricultural,  and  other   land   use practices  or  other
discharges  which  are in amounts sufficient to injure,
                                      -16-

-------
State and Water Use
Copper Criteria Values
Aquatic Life
Potable Supply
Ohio River Main  Stem
and the Interstate
Portion Of The Vabash
River

Lake Michigan and Con-
tiguous Harbor Areas
                        be  acutely  toxic  to  or  othervise  produce  serious
                        adverse  physiological  responses  in  humans, animals,
                        aquatic   life  or  plants.    As  a  guideline,   toxic
                        substances  should  be  limited  to  the 96-hour median
                        lethal  concentration  (LC50)  for biota significant  to
                        the    indigenous    aquatic    community    or   .other
                        representative  organisms.    This subsection shall not
                        apply  to  the  chemical  control  of aquatic plants  or
                        animals  when  that  control  is subject to approval  by
                        the   Indiana   Department   of  Natural  Resources   as
                        provided  by  the  Fish  and  Wildlife  Act  (1C   1971,
                        14-2-1).

                        At  all times, all waters outside of mixing zones  shall
                        be  free  of  substances in concentrations which on the
                        basis  of  available scientific data are believed  to  be
                        sufficient  to  injure,  be chronically toxic to,  or  be
                        carcinogenic,  mutagenic,  or  teratogenic  to  humans,
                        animals, aquatic life, or plants.
These  standards  are  applicable  at
waters outside of the mixing zone:
any point in the
Toxic  substances  narrative:  Concentrations shall not
exceed   one-tenth   of   the   96-hour  median  lethal
concentration  for important indigenous aquatic species
or other representative organisms.

Contaminants  which are known to be bioaccumulative and
toxic,  on  the  basis  of  available  scientific data,
shall  not  be  present  in  concentrations which would
result  in  the  bioaccumulation or bioconcentration of
such  contaminants  or  their  degradation  products in
important  indigenous  .aquatic  species to Federal Food
and   Drug   Administration  action  levels  or  levels
producing  deleterious effects prohibited in subsection
(a).

Chemical    substances   narrative:      The   chemical
constituents  in  the waters shall not be present after
conventional  treatment  in  such  levels as to prevent
meeting  the  Drinking  Water  Standards adopted by the
Board.
0.1 x 96 hr LC
              50
Toxic substances narrative:  Concentrations shall not
exceed   one-tenth   of    the   96-hour  median  lethal
concentration   (LCcQ)  for important  indigenous aquatic
species   and   those  artificially  propagated  by   the
Indiana   Department   of   Natural   Resources.    More
                                      -17-

-------
State  and Water Use
 Copper  Criteria Values
Grand Calurael: River;
Indiana Harbor
stringent    application   factors   shall   be   used   when
justified   on   the.  basis   of   available   evidence   and
approved    by    the   Board after  public  notice   and
opportunity for a  hearing.

Concentrations   of  organic contaminants  which can be
demonstrated to  be persistent,  to have  a  tendency to
bioconcentrate   in the aquatic  biota, and  are likely to
be    toxic   on   the  basis, of   available   scientific
evidence,    shall  be  limited  as  determined  by   the
Commissioner after  public notice  and an  opportunity
for a hearing.

Toxic substances narrative:  Concentrations  shall not
exceed   one-tenth  of   the   96-hour  median  lethal
concentration   (LCcn)  for  important indigenous aquatic
species.    -More stringent  application factors shall be
used,   when justified,  on  the  basis   of  available
scientific   evidence and   approved  by the  Board after
public notice and  opportunity for  a  hearing.

Organic  contaminants  which  can  be demonstrated to be
persistent,  to  have  a  tendency to bioconcentrate in
the  aquatic biota, ;and are likely to be toxic on  the
basis  of   available scientific evidence, shall not be
present  in concentrations  which would  result in  the
bioaccumulation    or   .bioconcentration     of    such
contaminants   or  ,  their   degradation    products    in
important   indigenous .aquatic  species to Federal Food
and  Drug   Administration action levels or levels which
on  the  basis   of   available   scientific  evidence  are
believed  to  be   sufficient 
-------
State and Water Use
All
Copper Criteria Values

in the surface water.

Toxic  substances narrative:  All waters, at all times,
at   all   places   shall   be   free  from  substances
attributable  to  vastewater discharges or agricultural
practices  in  concentrations or combinations which are
toxic or harmful to human, animal, or plant life.
Kansas

All

All
      16
Aquatic Life
Domestic Water Supply
Consumptive Recreation
Not specified

General  criteria:    All surface waters shall be free,
at  all  times,  from the harmful effects of substances
that   originate   from  artificial  sources  and  that
produce   any   public   health   hazards  or  nuisance
conditions,   or  impairment  of  uses.    The  harmful
effects   may   result  from  any  concentration  of  a
substance  that  causes  toxic  effects,  alone  or  in
combination    with   other   artificial   or   natural
substances.    Such  substances  shall  be  limited  to
concentrations  in the receiving water that will not be
harmful to human, animal, or plant life.

Toxic substances narrative:

(ii)..  The  waters  of the state shall not be toxic as a
result  of  the  effects of substances originating from
artificial  sources,  whether  alone  or in combination
with other artificial or natural substances.

(iii)  Criteria  for  the  protection  of predators, in
terms  of  toxic  levels  in  fish, published in "Water
Quality  Criteria"  (National  Academy  of Engineering,
1973),  which  is hereby adopted by reference, shall be
used   as  guidelines  in  assessing  toxicity  due  to
bioaccumulation.

(iv)  When  criteria for single compounds have not been
published  or  are incomplete, or when complex mixtures
can   result  in  interactions  among  substances,  the
department   shall   utilize   laboratory   and   field
bioassessment   methods  and  procedures  to  establish
site-specific water quality criteria.

Any   concentration  of  a  substance  from  artificial
sources  that,  alone  or  in  combination  with  other
artificial  or natural substances, causes toxic effects
on    humans    shall   be   limited   to   non-harmful
concentrations.
Substances     that
bioconcentration
      can    bioaccumulate    through
or  biomagnification  to toxic levels
                                     -19-

-------
 State and Vater Use
 Copper Criteria Values?

 in  aquatic life,  semiaquatic  life  or  wildlife  consumed
 by  humans   shall   be   limited  in   surface   waters   to
 concentrations   that   will   result  in  no  harm to  humans
 upon  consumption.  FDA action levels  defined in  K.A.R.
 28-16-28b(b)(19)   for   toxic  substances  in  fish  flesh,
 which   are   hereby adopted  by reference,  shall be used
 as guidelines  to determine protection  of  this use.
Agricultural  Irrigation 0.2  mg/1

Agricultural  Livestock  0.5  mg/1
         17
Kentucky

All
Warmwater Aquatic
Habitat, Coldvater
Aquatic Habitat
Domestic Water Supply

Mixing Zones
Surface  waters shall not be aesthetically or otherwise
degraded  by  substances  that  injure,  be  toxic  to or
produce  adverse  physiological or behavioral responses
in humans, animals, fish, and other aquatic  life.

Toxic substances narrative:

1.   The  allowable  instream  concentration  of   toxic
substances  which  are  noncumulative  or nonpersistent
(half-life  of less than 96 hours) shall not exceed 0.1
of  the 96-hour median lethal-concentration  CLCcn) of a
representative indigenous aquatic organism(s).

2.   The  allowable  instream  concentration  of   toxic
substances  which  are  bio-accumulative or persistent,
including  pesticides,  when not specified elsewhere in
this  section,  shall  not  exceed  0.01 of  the 96-hour
median  lethal concentration (LC50) of a representative
indigenous aquatic organism(s).

3.   Where   specific  application  factors  have  been
determined   for   a   toxic   substance   such  as  an
acute/chronic  ratio or water effect ratio, they may be
used  instead  of  the  0.1. and 0.01 factors listed in
this subsection upon approval by the cabinet.

1 mg/1

toxic  substances  narrative:   Concentrations of  toxic
substances  which  exceed the ninety-six (96) hour LC50
tests  for  representative indigenous aquatic organisms
are  not  allowed  at any point within the mixing zone.
A  zone  of  initial  dilution  may  be  assigned  on a
case-by-case  basis  at  the discretion of the cabinet.
Concentrations   of   toxic   substances  which  exceed
one-third  (1/3) the ninety-six (96) hour LC50 or other
appropriate  LC50  tests  for representative indigenous
aquatic  organisms  are  to  be  met at the edge of the

             -20-

-------
Stare and Fater Use
Copper Criteria Values
                        zone  of  initial  dilution.   Chronic criteria  for  the
                        protection  of  aquatic  life are  to be met at the edge
                        of the allowable mixing zone.
Louisiana

All
         18
Not specified

General  criteria:   All waters shall be free from such
concentrations    of    substances    attributable   to
wastewater  or  other  discharges sufficient to injure,
be  toxic or produce demonstrated adverse physiological
response   in   humans,   animals,   fish,   shellfish,
wildlife, or plants.

Toxic  substances  narrative:   Shall not be present in
quantities  that  alone or in combination will be toxic
to  plant or animal life.  Concentrations of persistent
toxic  substances  for  which no numerical criteria are
given  in  the  Standards  shall not exceed the 96-hour
LC50/100   (one-hundredth   of   the   96-hour   LC50).
Persistent  toxic  substances  are  defined  herein  as
refractory  substances  subject  to  very limited or no
biodegradation  and/or  detoxification  and  subject to
food  chain  bioaccumulation;  .they include but are not
limited  to pesticides, PCB's and heavy metals that are
designated    by    EPA    as    priority   pollutants.
Concentrations  of  non-persistent, biodegradable toxic
substances  for  which  no numerical criteria are given
in  the standards, shall not exceed the 96-hour LC50/10
(one-tenth  of  the 96-hour LC50).  Bioassay techniques
comparable  with  those  given in the latest edition of
Standards  Methods  for  the  Examination  of Water and
Wastewater  will  be  used in evaluating toxicity using
specific  methods,  dilutions,  and  species of aquatic
animals best suited to the area of concern.
     19
Maine

All

All
Classes B-l, B-2, C,
D, SD
Not specified

There  shall  be no disposal of any matter or substance
that  contains  chemical constituents which are harmful
to  humans,  animals or aquatic life or which adversely
affect any other water use in the classes.

There shall be no disposal of sewage, industrial
wastes  or  other  wastes  in such waters, except those
which  have received treatment for the adequate removal
of  waste  constituents  including, but not limited to,
solids,   color,   turbidity,   taste,  odor  or  toxic
material,  such  that  these  treated  wastes  will not
                                     -21-

-------
State and Vater Use
Classes SA, SB-1,
SB-2, SC
All
 Copper Criteria Values

 lower  the  standards   or  alter  the  usages  of these
 classifications,   nor   shall such disposal of sewage or
 waste  be  injurious   to  aquatic  life  or render such
 dangerous for human consumption.

 There shall be no toxic wastes,  deleterious
 substances,  colored   or  other  waste or heated liquids
 discharged  to  waters  of these classifications either
 singly  or  in  combinations  with  other substances or
 wastes  in  such  amounts or at  such temperatures as to
 be  injurious  to  edible  fish   or shellfish or to the
 culture  or propagation thereof, or which in any manner
 shall  adversely  affect  the flavor,   color,   odor or
 sanitary  condition  thereof; and  otherwise  none  in
 sufficient   amounts   to  make  the  waters  unsafe  or
 unsuitable  for  bathing  or  impair the waters for any
 other  best usage as determined  for the specific waters
 which are assigned to  these classes.

 Toxic   substances  narrative:       No  person,  firm,
 corporation   or  • other   legal  entity  shall  place,
 deposit,  discharge or  spill,  directly or indirectly,
 onto'  the  inland  or  tidal waters of this State, or on
 the  ice  thereof,  or on the banks thereof so that the
 same  may  flow  or be  washed  into such waters, or in
 such  manner  that the drainage  therefrom may flow into
 such waters:

•Any   other   toxic   substance    in  'any   amount  or
 concentration   greater '  than   that   identified   or
 regulated,   including  complete  prohibition  of  such
 substance,   by   the    board.     In  identifying  and
 regulating  such toxic substances, the board shall take
 into   account  the  toxicity of  the  substance,  its
 persistence  and  degradability, the usual or potential
 presence  of any organism affected by such substance in
 any  waters  of  the  State,  the  importance  of  such
 organism  and  the  nature  and  extent of the effect of
 such  substance  on  such organisms, either alone or in
 combination  with  substances already in the receiving
 waters or the discharge.
Haryland20

All

All
 Not specified

 Toxic  substances  narrative:   The waters of this State
 may   not   be  polluted'  by  high-temperature,  toxic,
 corrosive,     or    other    deleterious    substances
 attributable  to  sewage,  industrial  waste,  or other
 waste in concentrations or combinations which:

 (a)  interfere   directly   or  indirectly  with  water

              -22-

-------
State and Water Use
Copper Criteria Values

     uses; or

(b)  are  harmful  "to  human,  animal, plant or aquatic
     life.

Toxic  materials  criteria  are  established to protect
freshwater  aquatic  life,  saltvater  aquatic  life or
human health.
Massachusetts

All
             21
All
Not specified

For  each class, the most sensitive beneficial uses are
identified  and  minimum  criteria for water quality in
the  water column are established.  In interpreting and
applying  the  minimum criteria in 314 CMR 4.03(4), the
Division  shall  consider  local  conditions including,
but not limited to:

(a)  the characteristics of the biological community;

(b)    temperature,  weather,  flow,  and  physical and
     chemical characteristics; and

(c)      synergistic   and   antagonistic   effects  of
     combinations of pollutants.

The  Division  will  use  the  EPA criteria established
pursuant  to  Section  304(a)(l) of the Federal Act, as
guidance  in establishing case-by-case discharge limits
for   pollutants   not  specifically  listed  in  these
standards   but   included  under  the  heading  "Other
Constituents"  in  310  CMR  4.03(4),  for  identifying
bioassay  application  factors  and for interpretations
of  narrative  criteria.    Where  the minimum criteria
specifically  listed  by  the  Division  in  this  part
differ  from  those  contained in the federal criteria,
the  provisions  of the specifically listed criteria in
these standards shall apply.

Toxic  substances narrative:  Waters shall be free from
pollutants in  concentrations or combinations that:
                        (a)   exceed   the   recommended
                        sensitive receiving water use;
                                  limits  on  the  most
                        (b)   injure,   are   toxic   to,  or  produce  adverse
                        physiological or behavioral responses in humans     or
                        aquatic life; or
                        (c)   exceed   site-specific   safe   exposure
                        determined by bioassay using sensitive species.

                                     -23-
                                                 levels

-------
State and ffater Use
Copper Criteria Values
Michigan

All

All
        22
Not specified

R 323.1057 Toxic substances narrative: Rule 57.

(1)  Toxic  substances  shall  not  be  present  in the
waters  of  the state at levels which are or may become
injurious  to  the  public  health, safety, or welfare;
plant  and animal life; or the designated uses of those
waters.   Allowable levels of toxic substances shall be
determined   by   the   commission   using  appropriate
scientific data.

(2)  All of the following provisions apply for purposes
of  developing  allowable levels of toxic substances in
the  surface  waters  of  the state applicable to point
source  discharge  permits  issued  pursuant to Act No.
245  of  the  Public  Acts  of  1929, as amended, being
§323.1 et seq. of the Michigan Compiled Laws:

(a)   Water  quality-based  effluent  limits  developed
pursuant  to  this subrule shall be used only when they
are  more restrictive than technology-based limitations
required pursuant to R 323,2137 and R 323.2140.

(b)  The  toxic  substances to which this- subrule shall
apply   are   those   on  the  1984  Michigan  critical
materials  register established pursuant to Act No. 245
of  the  Public  Acts of 1929, as amended,  being §323.1
et  seq.  of  the  Michigan Compiled Laws;  the priority
pollutants   and   hazardous  chemicals  in  40  C.F.R.
§122.21,   appendix  D  (1983);  and  any  other  toxic
substances  as  the  commission  may  determine  are of
concern at a specific site.

(c)   Allowable  levels  of  toxic  substances  in  the
surface  water  after  a  discharge  is  mixed with the
receiving  stream  volume specified in R 323.1082 shall
be  determined by applying an adequate margin of safety
to  the  MATC,  NOAEL,  or other appropriate effect end
points,  based  on  knowledge  of  the  behavior of the
toxic   substance,  characteristics  of  the  receiving
water, and .the organisms to be protected.

(d)   In   addition   to   restrictions   pursuant   to
subdivision   (c)  of  this  subrule,  a  discharge  of
carcinogens,  not, determined  to  cause  cancer  by  a
threshold , mechanism,  shall not create a level of risk
to  the  public health greater than 1 in 100,000 in the
surface   water   after   mixing   with  the  allowable
receiving  stream  volume specified in R 323.1082.  The

             -24-

-------
State and Water Use
Copper Criteria Values

commission  may  require a greater degree of protection
pursuant   to   R  323.1098  where  achievable  through
utilization  of  control  measures  already in place or
where otherwise determined necessary.

(e)  Guidelines  shall  be  adopted pursuant to Act No.
306  of  the  Public  Acts  of  1969, as amended, being
§24.201  et seq. of the Michigan Compiled Laws, setting
forth   procedures   to   be   used  by  staff  in  the
development  of  recommendations  to  the commission on
allowable  levels  of  toxic substances and the minimum
data  necessary  to  derive  such recommendations.  The
commission  may  require  the  applicant to provide the
minimum   data   when   otherwise   not  available  for
derivation   of   the   allowable   levels   of   toxic
substances.

(f)   For existing discharges, the commission may issue
a  scheduled  abatement  permit  pursuant to R 323.2145
upon   a  determination  by  the  commission  that  the
applicant  has  demonstrated that each of the following
conditions is met:

(i)  Immediate  attainment  of the allowable level of a
toxic  substance  is  not  economically  or technically
feasible.

(ii) No prudent alternative exists.

(iii)  During  the  period  of scheduled abatement, the
permitted   discharge   will  be  consistent  with  the
protection of the public health, safety, and welfare.

(iv)   Reasonable   progress   will   be   made  toward
compliance  with this rule over the term of the permit,
as provided for in a schedule in the permit.
         73
Minnesota

Domestic (Classes
A, B, C, & D)

Fisheries and
Recreation
(Classes A, B, & C)

All
All
1 mg/1
0.01 mg/1 or not greater than 1/10 the 96-hour TLM
value.
For  contaminants  other  than heat, the 96-hour median
tolerance  limit  for  indigenous  fish  and  fish food
organisms  should  not  be exceeded at any point in the
mixing zone.

Toxic  substances  narrative:   No discharges at levels
acutely  toxic  to  humans  or  other  animals or plant

             -25-

-------
State and Water Use
Agriculture and Wild-
life (Class B)
Copper Criteria Values

life, or directly damaging to real property.

Toxic substances narrative:  None at levels harmful
either directly or indirectly.
Limited Resource Value  Unspecified substances shall not be allowed in such
Waters                  quantities  or  concentrations  that  will  impair   the
                        specified uses.
Mississippi24

All

All
Not specified

Toxic  substances narrative:  Waters shall be free from
substances   attributable   to  municipal,  industrial,
agricultural  or  other discharges in concentrations or
combinations  which  are  toxic  or  harmful to humans,
animals or aquatic life.
                        There  shall  be  no substances added,
                        in  combination with other substances,
                        the  use  of  waters  from that which
                        The  concentration of toxic pollutants
                        one-tenth   (l/10th)  of   the  96-hour
                        limit  based  on  available data.  The
                        toxic  pollutants that are cumulative
                        may  be  further limited  on a case-by-
                        such data is available.
                                       whether alone or
                                       that will impair
                                      it is classified.
                                       shall not exceed
                                       median tolerance
                                       concentration of
                                      and/or persistent
                                      case basis, where
                        Available   references    to    be  used   in  determining
                        toxicity  limitations shall  include, but not  be  limited
                        to   Quality   Criteria   for  Water  (Section 304(a)),
                        Federal' Regulations  under   Section  307,  and  Federal
                        Regulations  under  Section   1412  of the Public Health
                        Service  Act  as amended  by  the Safe Drinking Water Act
                        (Pub.  L.  93-523).  The  use of such information should
                        be   limited  to  that part applicable to the  indigenous
                        aquatic community found in the State of  Mississippi.
Missouri25

Aquatic  Life

Drinking Water
Supply

Livestock,  Wildlife
Watering

Effluent Limitations
For  Subsurface  Waters
20 ug/1

1000 ug/1


500 ug/1
If  the aquifer recharges surface water designated  for
Aquatic Life protection: 20 ug/1
                                      -26-

-------
State and Water Use
Copper Criteria Values
Groundwater
All
Classified Waters
If   the   aquifer  does  not  recharge  surface  water
designated for Aquatic Life protection: 1000 ug/1

If  aquifer  recharge  has  an  effect on surface water
designated for Aquatic Life protection: 20 ug/1

If  aquifer recharge has a negligible effect on surface
water designated for Aquatic Life protection: 1000 ug/1

The  waters  of the state shall be free from substances
or  conditions  that  have  a  harmful effect on human,
animal, or aquatic life.

Toxic  substances  narratives  Water contaminants shall
not  cause  the limits in Table A for the toxic form of
metals  and  other  toxic  substances  to  be exceeded.
Concentrations  of  such substances in bottom sediments
or  waters  shall  not harm benthic organisms and shall
not  accumulate  through  the  food  chain  in  harmful
concentrations,  nor shall Food and Drug Administration
maximum  fish  tissue  levels  for  fish consumption be
exceeded.    More  stringent criteria may be imposed if
there  is  evidence of additive or synergistic effects.
Effluent  toxicity  studies  or  site-specific instream
biological    studies    performed,    recognized,   or
sanctioned  by  the  commission  may be used to develop
alternative  effluent  limits  not  based  on  Table  A
values.

Other    potentially   toxic   substances   for   which
sufficient  toxicity  data are not available may not be
released  to  waters of the state until safe levels are
demonstrated through adequate bioassay studies.
Montana26

All

Clark Fork. River
(Segments classified
as C-l and C-2)

Water Supply (Class A-
Closed)
Water Supply (Classes
A-l, B-l, B-2, B-3)
Not completely specified

90 ug/1 maximum instantaneous concentration
Toxic substances narrative:  No increases of toxic or
other  deleterious  substances,  pesticides and organic
and .inorganic  materials including heavy metals, above
naturally occurring concentrations, are allowed.

Toxic substances narrative: Concentrations of toxic
or  other  deleterious substances which would remain in
the  water  after conventional water treatment must not
exceed  the maximum contaminant levels set forth in the
1975  National Interim Primary Drinking Water Standards
(40  CFR  Part 141) or subsequent revisions or the 1979
                                     -27-

-------
State and Water  Use
Copper Criteria Values
Fish, Aquatic.  Life,
Wildlife, Agriculture,
Recreation In  And  On
The Water (Class C-3)

Fish, Aquatic  Life,
Wildlife, Agriculture
Recreation in  and  on
the Water (Classes
C-l, C-2)

Agricultural and In-
dustrial (other than
Food Processing)
(Class E)
All Classes  (except A-
Closed and E)
National  Secondary  Drinking  Water  Standards (40 CFR
Part 143) or subsequent revisions.

Same as above
Toxic substances narrative: Concentrations of toxic
or other deleterious substances must not exceed
levels which render the waters harmful, detrimental
or injurious to public health.
Toxic substances narrative:  Concentrations of toxic
or deleterious substances, pathogens, pesticides and
organic and inorganic materials including heavy
metals,  must  be  less  than  those demonstrated to be
deleterious  to  livestock  or  plants or to humans who
may  consume  such  livestock or plants or to adversely
affect other indicated uses.

The maximum allowable concentrations of toxic or
deleterious  substances  also  must not exceed acute or
chronic  problem  levels  as  revealed  by  bioassay or
other  methods.  The values listed in EPA Water Quality
Criteria  documents (Federal Register Vol. 45, No. 231,
Friday,  November  28, 1980, pages 79318 - 79379) shall
be  used  as a guide to determine problem levels unless
local  conditions  make these values inappropriate.  In
accordance  with  section  75-5-306(1),  MCA, it is not
necessary  that  wastes be treated to a purer condition
than the natural condition of the receiving water.
Nebraska27

All

Aquatic Life
Public Drinking Water
Not specified

Toxic  substances  narrative:    Surface  waters of the
State  shall  be  free  from  toxic substances in toxic
amounts.    No toxic substances alone or in combination
with  other  substances in concentrations rendering the
receiving  water  unsafe Or unsuitable for aquatic life
will  be allowed.  (In implementing these criteria, the
Department  will  follow  procedures  outlines  in  the
State's  Continuing  Planning Process which comply with
the  federal water quality standards, 40 C.F.R. §131.11
(1986)).

Toxic   substances   narrative:      Wastes   or  toxic
substances  introduced  directly or indirectly by human
activity  in  concentrations that would degrade the use
(i.e.,  would produce undesirable physiological effects
                                     -28-

-------
State and Water Use
Agricultural
Aesthetics and Public
Health
Copper Criteria .Values

in humans) shall not be allowed.                -

Toxic   substances   narrative:      Wastes   or  toxic
substances  introduced  directly or indirectly by human
activity  in  concentrations that would degrade the use
(i.e.,  would produce undesirable physiological effects
in crops or livestock) shall not be allowed.

Surface waters shall be free of radionuclides or toxic
substances  in concentrations or combinations which may
produce undesirable physiological responses in humans.
Nevada

All

All
      28
Drinking Water Supply
(with treatment by
disinfection only)
Suitable For Aquatic
0.01 mg/1

Toxic  substances  narrative:  Waters must be free from
toxic    substances   attributable   to   domestic   or
industrial  waste  or  other  controllable  sources  at
levels  or  combinations  sufficient  to  be  toxic  to
human,  animal,  plant  or  aquatic  life or in amounts
sufficient  to interfere with any beneficial use of the
water.

The  presence  of  toxic  materials  in a,water must be
evaluated  by  use  of a 96-hour bioassay.  Survival of
test  organisms  must  not be less than that in control
tests  which  utilize  appropriate  control water.  The
test  organisms  and control water must be specified by
the  department.    In addition, acute bioassays may be
required  to  determine  effluent  limitations  and the
exact  test  method  to  be used must be defined by the
department.    Failure  to  determine presence of toxic
materials   by   these   methods   shall  not  preclude
determination  of  excessive  levels of toxic materials
on the basis of other criteria o"r methods.

Wastes    from    municipal,    industrial   or   other
controllable   sources   containing   arsenic,  barium,
boron,  cadmium,  chromium,  cyanide,  fluoride,  lead,
selenium,  silver,  copper and zinc that are reasonably
amenable   to   treatment   or   control  must  not  be
discharged  untreated  or  uncontrolled into the waters
of  Nevada  (including  the  Colorado River System). In
addition,   the   limits   for  concentrations  of  the
chemical   constituents   must  provide  water  quality
consistent  with the mandatory requirements of the 1962
Public Health Service Drinking Water Standards.

None (zero)
                                     -29-

-------
State and Water Use
 Copper Criteria Values
Life Habitat, Wildlife
Propagation, Agricul-
tural, Recreation,
Boating, Esthetics
(Class A)

Drinking Vater Supply
(with treatment by
disinfection and fil-
tration only), Agri-
cultural, Aquatic
Life and Wildlife
Propagation, Recrea-
tion, Industrial and
Esthetics (Class B)
Drinking Water Supply   Same as above
(following complete
treatment) Agricul-
tural, Aquatic Life,
Wildlife Propagation,
Recreation, Esthetics
and Industrial (Class C)
Toxic substances narrative:  Only such amounts as will
not  render  receiving waters injurious to  fish or
wildlife or impair  the receiving waters for any
beneficial  uses established for this class.
Boating and Esthetics,
Aquatic Life, Wildlife
Propagation, Agricul-
tural and Industrial
(except for Food
Processing Purposes)  -
(Class D)
Toxic substances narrative:  Only such amounts as will
not  impair receiving waters for any beneficial use
established  for this class.
             29
Nev Hampshire

All

Water Supply
(Class A)

All Other Uses
(Classes B and C)

Fish Life
All
Not specified

'Toxic substances narrative:  No potentially  toxic
substances unless naturally occurring.

Toxic substances narratives  No potentially  toxic
substances in  toxic concentrations or combinations.

Toxic  substances narrative:  All surface waters of  the
state  shall be free  from chemicals and other materials
and  conditions inimical to fish life or to  maintenance
of fish  life.

Substances   potentially   toxic   are   evaluated    in
accordance  with EPA's published water quality criteria
for  64   toxic  substances  dated November 1980.  Toxic
limits   are  to be set utilizing bioassay procedures  as
outlined in CFR Vol.  45, No. 231, November 28, 1980.
                                     -30-

-------
State and Water Use
 Copper Criteria Values
                         When  establishing  limits  on toxic substances  for the
                         protection  of  aquatic  life, "Appendix B - Guidelines
                         for  Deriving Water Quality Criteria for the Protection
                         of  Aquatic  Life  and Its Uses," CFR Vol. 45. No.  231,
                         November   28,   1980,  vill  be  utilized.    Bioassay
                         procedures   and  analysis  shall  be  consistent   with
                         'Methods  for  Measuring  Acute  Toxicity  of Efiffloients
                         (third   edition)'  published  by  EPA,  or  equivalent
                         protocol as approved by ifihs OSpjnmission.

                         Bioassay  procedures  and  -application  factors  used  in
                         establishing  limits  on  toxic  substances shall,  as  a
                         minimum,  be  no less rigorous than fltfee .recommendations
                         for  bioassays and application factojas smjtfca&nfid in the
                         National  Technical  Advisory Committee":? ar«ef«>.a:ij: tJa>
                         Secretary  of  the  Interior on WATER
                         April 1, 1968 or latest revision thereof„
New Jersey

All
           30
F¥-l Waters


PL Waters




FW-2 Waters
FW-2, SE, and SC
Waters
Toxic    substances   narrative:     Toxic  substances  in
waters   of   the .  State   shall not  be at levels that are
foxic    to    hjiHaasis  ©£•   the  aquatic  biota,   or  that
               isn tbe   apiaiic biota  so as  to render
     itinflit Jfio-r iitiman

Surface  waiter  qoallty  criteria shall toe maintained as
tto ofualitry la their  smatiural  stats.

Surface  water  quality  criteria shall be maintained as
to  quality   in   their   existing  state or that quality
necessary  to attain  or  protect  the designated uses,
whichever is  more stringent.

None  which would cause  standards  for drinking water to
be exceeded after appropriate treatment..

Toxic substances  narrative:   None,  either alone or in
combination    with    other    substances,    in   such
concentrations  as   to   affect  humans or be  detrimental
to  the  natural  aquatic  biota,   produce  undesirable
aquatic   life,   or which   would   render  the  waters
unsuitable for the designated uses.

Toxic    substances    shall     not    be   present   in
concentrations  that cause acute or  chronic  toxicity to
aquat c  biota,   or  bioaccumulate within an  organism to
conce ttrations  that  exert   a   toxic  effect   on  that
organism or render it unfit  for consumption.

The  concentrations'  of  nonpersistent  toxic substances
in  the  State's  waters shall  not  exceed one-twentieth
(0.05)  of  the acute definitive LC50 or EC50  value,  as
                                      -31-

-------
State and Water Use
Zones 1C-6
Copper Criteria Values

determined   by   appropriate
accordance with N.J.A.C. 7:18.
                                                       bioassays  conducted  in
The  concentrations  of  persistent toxic substances in
the  State's  waters  shall  not  exceed  one-hundredth
(0.01)  of  the acute definitive LC50 or EC50 value, as
determined   by   appropriate  bioassays  conducted  in
accordance with N.J.A.C. 7:18.

General  criteria  narrative:    The  waters  shall not
contain    substances    attributable   to   municipal,
industrial,  or  other  discharges in concentrations or
amounts  sufficient  to  preclude  the  specified water
uses  to  be  protected.    Within this requirement the
waters  shall  be substantially free from substances in
concentrations  or  combinations  which  are  toxic  or
harmful  to  human,  animal, plant, or aquatic life, or
that  produce  color,   taste,  or odor in the water, or
that  taint fish or shellfish flesh.

In  no  case  shall concentrations of substances exceed
those  values  given for rejection of water supplies in
the   United States Public Health Service Drinking Water
Standards.
 Nev Mexico

 All

 All
           31
 Not  specified

 Toxic  substances  narrative:     Toxic  substances such
 as,   but  not limited to ,  pesticides,  herbicides,  heavy
 metals,   and   organics,    shall  not  be  present  in.
 receiving  waters  in  concentrations  which will change
 the   ecological  conditions  of  receiving waters to an
 extent  detrimental  to  man  ore  other  organisms  of
 direct   or   indirect   commercial,    recreation,   or
 aesthetic   value.       Toxicities   of  substances  in
 receiving  waters  will  be  determined  by appropriate
 bioassay  .techniques,  or  other  acceptable means, for
 the   particular  form  of  aquatic  life which is to be
 preserved  with  the concentrations of toxic substances
 not   to  exceed  5%  of the LG-50 provided that:  toxic
 substances  which,   through  uptake in the aquatic food
 chain  and/or  storage in plant and animal tissues, can
 be  magnified to levels which are toxic to man or other
 organisms,  shall  not  be  present  in  concentrations
 which'  result  in  this  biological  magnification  or
 exceed  1%  of the LC-50.  Waters designated for use as
 domestic  water  supplies  shall not contain substances
 in  concentrations  tat exceed drinking water standards
 set     forth   in   Section  202.B  of  the  New  Mexico
 Regulations Governing Water Supplies.
                                      -32-

-------
State and Water Use
                        Copper Criteria Values
Nev York32

AA; AA-s; A; A-s(Human)
AA; AA-s; A; A-s(Aquatic)
B; C
D
SA; SB; SC
SD
GA

Effluent Standards  for
Discharges To Class GA
Waters

Fresh Surface Waters
                             200 ug/1
                             *                     •              •     •
                             *
                             **
                             2.0
                             3-2

                             *  - exp (0.8545 [ln(ppm hardness)]  - 1.465)
                             ** - exp (0.9422 [ln(ppm hardness)]  - 1.464)
                                    all   standards  except  (Human)  apply
                                  acid-soluble form

                             1.0 mg/1

                             1.0 mg/1
                                                                              to
Saline  Surface Waters
Classes SA,  SB,  SC
                        Toxic  substances narrative:   None in amounts that vill
                        be  injurious  to fishlife or vhich in any manner shall
                        adversely  affect the flavor, color or odor thereof, or
                        impair  the waters for any best usage as determined for
                        the specific waters which are assigned to each class.

                        Toxic substances narrative:  None In amounts that will
                        interfere   with   use  for  primary  (SA  and  SB)  or
                        secondary  (SC)  contact  recreation  or  that  will be
                        injurious  to  edible  fish or shellfish or the culture
                        or  propagation  thereof,  or which.in any manner shall
                        adversely  affect  the  flavor, color, odor or sanitary
                        condition  thereof  or  impair  the waters for any best
                        usage  as  determined for the specific .waters which are
                        assigned to each class.

                        Toxic substances narrative:  None alone or in
                        combination   with   other   substances  or  wastes  in
                        sufficient  amounts to prevent survival of fish life or
                        impair   the   waters  for  any  other  best  usage  as
                        determined  for  the specific waters which are assigned
                        to this class.

Class A-Special Waters  Toxic substances narrative:  None in amounts that will
International Boundary  interfere with use for primary contact recreation or
Waters                  that  will  be  injurious to the growth and propagation
                        of  fish, or which in any manner shall adversely affect
                        the  flavor,  color,  or  odor  thereof  or  impair  the
                        waters  for  any other best usage as determined for  the
                        specific waters which are assigned  to  this class.
 Saline  Surface Waters
 Class SD
 Class I
 Secondary Contact Rec-
                        ' Toxic substances narrative:  None in amounts that will
                        interfere with use for secondary contact recreation or
                                      -33-

-------
State and Water Use
Copper Criteria Values
reation and Any Other
Usage Except Primary
Contact Recreation and
Shellfish For Market
Purposes
Class II
All Uses Not Primarily
For Recreation, Shell-
fish Culture Or The
Development Of Fish
Life
Class GA
Fresh Ground Waters
Potable Water Supply
Class GSA
Saline Waters
Conversion To Fresh
Potable Waters; Source
Of Potable Mineral
Waters; Raw Material  •
For The Manufacture Of
Sodium Chloride

Class GSB
Receiving Wat.er For
Disposal Of Wastes
that will be injurious to edible fish or shellfish or
the culture or propagation therefore, or which in any
manner shall adversely, affect the flavor, color, odor
or sanitary condition thereof or impair the waters for
any  best  usage  as determined for the specific waters
which are assigned to this class.

Toxic substances narrative:  None alone or in
combination with other substances or wastes in
sufficient amounts to be injurious to edible fish
and shellfish, or the culture or propagation thereof,
or which shall in any manner affect the flavor, color,
odor  or  sanitary  condition of such fish or shellfish
so  as to injuriously affect the sale thereof, or which
shall  cause  any  injury  to  -the  public  .and private
shellfisheries of this State.

Toxic substances narrative:  None which may impair, the
quality of the ground waters to render them unsafe or
unsuitable  for  a  potable  water  supply or which may
cause  or contribute to a condition in contravention of
standards, for other classified waters of the State.

Toxic substances narrative:  None which may .impair the
waters for use as sources of saline waters for the best
usage or as to,cause or contribute to a condition in
contravention of standards for other classified waters
of the State.
Toxic substances narrative:  None which may be
deleterious, harmful, detrimental or injurious to the
public  health, safety or welfare or which may cause or
contribute   to   a   condition   in  contravention  of
standards for other classified waters of the State.
North Carolina

All
              33
Toxic   substance   narrative , [Rule  .0208(a) ]:'".   The
concentration  of  toxic  substances  in  the .receiving
water,   (either   alone  ,or   in   combination,  when
affirmatively  demonstrated  to be non-bioaccumulative)
when' not  specified  elsewhere  in this Section, shall
not  exceed the concentration specified by the  fraction
of  the  96-hour  LC50 value which predicts a no effect
chronic  level (as determined by the use of established
acute/chronic  ratios).  If an acceptable acute/chronic
ratio  is  not  available,  then  that  toxic substance
shall  not  exceed  one-one  hundredth  (0.01)  of  the
96-hour  LC50  or  if  it is affirmatively demonstrated
that  a toxic substance has a half-life of less than 96
                                     -34-

-------
State and Vater Use
Fresh Surface Waters
 Tidal Salt  Waters
Copper Criteria Values

hours   or   is   not   bioaccumulative,   the  maximum
concentration  shall not exceed one-twentieth (0.05) of
the  96-hour LC50.  If it is affirmatively demonstrated
that  the  standard for a particular toxic substance as
specified  in  Rule  .0211  or .0212 of this Section is
inappropriate   for  a  specific  stream  segment,  the
commission  may  revise  the  applicable  standard on a
case-by-case  basis  in  accordance with the provisions
of  Section  143-214.1 of the General Statutes of North
Carolina.

Toxic   substances   narrative  [Rule   .0211{b)<3)C^)l-
Only  such  amounts,  whether  alone  or in combination
with  other substances or wastes as will not render the
waters    injurious   to   public   health,   secondary
recreation,  or  to  aquatic  life and wildlife (either
through   chronic   or   acute   exposure   or  through
bioaccumulation),   >or   impair   the  waters  for  any
designated  uses;  any toxic substance or complex waste
will  be  considered  acutely  toxic  at lastream waste
concentrations  greater  than  one third of tihe 96-lioar
LC50  value;  acceptable levels of chronic 'exposure may
be  determined by  test procedures deemed appropriate by
the director.

Action  Levels for  toxic substances  [Rule  .0211(b)(4)]:
If  the  levels of  any of the substances listed in  this
Paragraph  
-------
State and Water Use
Copper Criteria Values
                        Action  Levels for toxic substances  [Rule  .0212(b)(4)]
                        Same as for Fresh Surface Waters.

                        10 ug/1
North Dakota34

Classes I and IA

Classes II and. Ill

All
0.05 mg/1

0.1 mg/1

Toxic  substances  narrative:    Free  from  substances
attributable   to   municipal,   industrial,  or  other
discharges  or agricultural practices in concentrations
or  combinations  which  are toxic or harmful to human,
animal, plant or resident aquatic biota.

Mixing   zones  narrative:    The  96-hour  LC  50  for
indigenous  or  resident  fish  and fish food organisms
shall not be exceeded at any point in the mixing zone.

Sampling  and  testing narrative:  Bioassay tests shall
-be  performed in accordance with procedures outlined in
the   latest  edition  of  "Standard  Methods  for  the
Examination  of Water and Wastewater", published by the
American  public  health  association, or in accordance
with  tests  or  analytical  procedures  that have been
found  to be equal or more applicable by the department
or  the  environmental  protection  agency.    Bioassay
studies  shall  be  made  using  a  sensitive  resident
species.
Ohio35

All Lake Erie Uses

All Ohio River Uses
Aquatic Life Hab.tat

Nuisance Prevention

Public Water Supply
0.005 mg/1

Total Hardness
as Calcium Carbonate
    (mg/1)	
      50
      80
     100
     160
     200

Water hardness dependent

Water hardness dependent

1000 ug/1 (max.)
                                                      Concentration
                                                      (mg/1)
                                                 0.012
                                                 0.018
                                                 0.022
                                                 0.034
                                                 0.043'
                                     -36-

-------
State and Fater Use

Agricultural Water

All
Copper Criteria Values

500 ug/1 (max.)

General  narrative:   Free from substances entering the
vaters   as   a   result   of   human   activities   in
concentrations  that  are  toxic  or  harmful to human,
animal  or  aquatic  life  and/or are rapidly lethal in
the mixing zone.

Antidegradation  policy:  Present ambient water quality
in  State  Resource Waters will not be degraded for all
substances  determined to be toxic or to interfere with
any  designated  use  as  determined by the Director of
Ohio Environmental Protection Agency.

Toxic   substances   narrative:     All  pollutants  or
combinations  of  pollutants not specifically mentioned
in  this  rule, shall not exceed water quality criteria
derived  according  to  the  procedures  set  forth  in
"Draft   Guidelines  for  Deriving  Numerical  National
Water  Quality  Criteria  for the Protection of Aquatic
Life   and   Its  Uses,"  United  States  environmental
protection  agency,  July  5, 1983, or, if insufficient
data  prevent   the  use  of  this  procedure, shall not
exceed,  at  any time, one-tenth, or, for pollutants or
combinations  of  pollutants  which  are  known  to  be
persistent  toxicants  in  the-aquatic environment, one
one-hundredth   of  the ninety-six-hour median tolerance
•limit  (TLm)  or  LCcg  for  any representative aquatic
species.    However, more stringent application factors
shall  be  imposed  where  justified  by "Ambient Water
Quality    Criteria,"    documents,    United    States
environmental   protection   agency,   1980;   "Quality
Criteria  for   Water,"  U.S.  environmental  protection
                "Water Quality Criteria. 1972," "National
                Sciences"   and   "National  Academy  of
                1973;  or  other  scientifically  based
                        agency,   197$;
                        Academy    of
                        Engineering,"
                        publications.
                        The   median   tolerance   limit   (TLm)   or  LC-Q  shall  be
                        determined   by  static or dynamic  bioassays  performed  in
                        accordance   with  methods  outlined  in  "Standard Methods
                        for    the    Examination    of    Water   and   Wastewater,"
                        fifteenth     edition,     "American    Public     Health
                        Association,"   "American  Water  Works Association" and
                        the   "Water   Pollution   Control  Federation,  1981";  or
                        performed  in   accordance  with  procedures outlined  in
                        "Methods   of   Acute    Toxicity    Tests    with   Fish,
                        Macroinvertebrates   and  Amphibians," United  States
                        environmental   protection  agency  660/3-75-009.   Tests
                        will   be  conducted  using actual  effluent, receiving
                        water  and   representative  aquatic   species   whenever
                        possible.
                                      -37-

-------
State and Water Use
Copper Criteria Values
Ohio River
Free  from substances in concentrations which are toxic
or  harmful,  to  humans,  animals,  or  fish  and other
aquatic  life  which  would  in  any  manner  adversely
affect  the  flavor,  color, odor, or edibility of fish
and  other aquatic life,, wildlife or livestock or which
are otherwise detrimental to the designated uses.

Toxic substances narrative:
 (a)    Non-cumulative   substances   -   not  to  exceed
 one-tenth    (0.1)     the   ninety-six-hour   I
 representative  important  species  indigenous
 Ohio river.
                                                 «
                                                to
                                                                             the
                        (b)   Cumulative   substances   -  not   to  exceed   one
                        one-hundredth  (0.01)  of  the  ninety-six-hour  LCcQ of
                        representative  important  species  indigenous   to   the
                        Ohio river.

                        (c)  Other,  limiting  concentrations  may  be used when
                        justified  on  the  basis, of  available  evidence   and
                        approved   by  the  appropriate  regulatory  agency   or
                        agencies.
Oklahoma36

All

Public And Private
Water Supplies
Fish And Wildlife
Propagation
              waters  of the State which are designated
              and   private  water  supplies  shall  be
             so   that   they   will   not   be  toxic,
•Not  specified

 1.000 mg/1
 The   surface
 as   public
 maintained
 carcinogenic, mutagenic,  or teratogenic to humans.

 Toxic substances narrative:  Assigning concentration
 limits   for   the   Fish   and   Wildlife  Propagation,
 beneficial  use  is very complex.   Limits are generally
 assigned  based  upon, laboratory bioassay work designed
 to  determine the 96-hour LCc« for a particular aquatic
 species. ,  . There  are  several  physical, chemical and
 biological  problems which arise when attempts are made
 to  develop  water  quality standards based upon single
 maximum   concentration   values.     For  this  reason,
 numerical  concentration  .limits  are developed in this
 se tion   for   specified   toxics.    For  toxics  not
 sp- cified,  or  -where  data. ,ds  not  available  in the
 following   table,   concentrations  for  nonpersistent
 toxic  substances listed in Appendix C shall not exceed
 0.1-  of  the  96-hour  LC,-0  for  sensitive  indigenous
 species.      Concentrations  of  persistent  toxicants
 listed  in  Appendix  C  shall  not  exceed 0.05 of the
                         96-hour    LC
                                     50
                 for   sensitive    indigenous   species.
                                      -38-

-------
State and Water Use
Copper Criteria Values
                        Concentrations  of  bioaccumulative toxicants listed in
                        Appendix  C  shall  not exceed 0.01 of the 96-hour LC-0
                        for  sensitive  indigenous  species.  Bioassay data for
                        Pimephales  promelas  (fathead  minnow)  and/or Lepomis
                        macrochirus  (bluegill)  shall  be  used in determining
                        compliance with the above criteria.
                             Due   to   interactions   with   water  chemistry,
                        toxicity   of  some  substances  to  aquatic  organisms
                        varies  across  the  State.   Criteria for copper whose
                        toxicity  is  extremely  dependent upon water chemistry
                        are  listed  by segment.  The concentration varies from
                        8.5   to  69.0  ug/1  depending  on  the  segment  (see
                       .Oklahoma Water Quality Standards Table 1).

                        Toxicity  to  Aquatic Organisms:  The surface waters of
                        the  State  outside the mixing zone but within the zone
                        of  passage  shall  be maintained so that they will not
                        be  toxic  to  fishes and other terrestrial and aquatic
                        life.   Toxic substances in surface waters of the State
                        shall   not   be  present  in  quantities  which  allow
                        significant  bioaccumulation and/or biomagnification in
                        the  food  chain.    If  substances exhibit synergistic
                        effects  when  combined,  toxicity  tests  described in
                        this  section  may  be  used  to  detect  the increased
                        toxicity.
                             No  toxicity  shall be allowed downstream from the
                        mixing  zone  as  determined by a forty-eight (48) hour
                        static   test   using  appropriate  laboratory  animals
                        conducted  in  accordance  with  "Methods for Measuring
                        the  Acute  Toxicity  of  Effluents  to  Freshwater and
                        Marine Organisms," EPA-600/4-85-013 (Rev. March, 1985).
                                            no  toxicity  shall  be  allowed as
                                           in-situ   bioassay   with  sensitive
                                            ("An  In-Situ Method for Evaluating
                                           in   Aquatic   Environment."   Noble
                                    and  Okla.  Dept. Wldlf. Cons. Symposium on
                                     Okla.  City,  Aug. 1985).  In-situ testing
     In  addition,
measured   using
indigenous  fishes
Acute   Toxicity
Foundation
Pond, Mgt.,
Primary Contact
Recreation
must  be  conducted  over  a  period of ninety-six (96)
hours  unless  statistically significant differences in
mortality  occur in a shorter period of time.  Toxicity
of   waters   may   be   determined  using  statistical
differences  for  a total mortality between control and
presumed  impact  sites.  Chronic toxicity shall not be
allowed   in   waters   of   the  State  ("Methods  for
Estimating   the  Chronic  Toxicity  of  Effluents  and
Receiving     Waters    to    Freshwater    Organisms,"
EPA-600/4-85-014).    If significant mortality does not
occur  at  the  presumed  impact site wit ,in ninety-six
(96)  hours,  a benthic macroinvertebrate survey may be
performed to determine low-level persistent toxicity.

The water shall not contain chemical, physical or
biological   substances   in  concentrations  that  are
irritating  to  skin  or  sense  organs or are toxic or
                                     -39-

-------
State and Vater Use
Secondary Contact
Recreation
All
Copper Criteria Values

cause illness upon  irigestion  by human  beings.
Waters  shall  be  maintained  to  be  free
from  human   pathogens   in   numbers  which
adverse health effects  in humans.
                 may produce
•Mixing  zones   narrative:
 substances   in  a ;mixing
  The concentration of toxic
zone  shall  not  exceed the
                        96-hour LC5Q  for sensitive indigenous species.
Oregon

All
      37
All
 General  water  quality  standards  applicable  to  all
 waters  except  where  superseded  (below)  by  special
 water  quality  standards  applicable  to  specifically
 designated waters.

 Not specified

 Special  water  quality  standard  applicable to: North
 Coast-Lower  Columbia  Basin,  Mid  Coast Basin, Umpqua
 Basin,  'South  Coast  Basin,  Rogue  Basin,  Willamette
 Basin,  Sandy  Basin, Hood Basin, Deschutes Basin, John
 Day  Basin,  Umatilla  Basin, Walla Walla Basin, Grande
 Ronde  Basin, Powder Basin, Malheur River Basin, Owyhee
 Basin,  Malheur  Lake  Basin,  Goose  and  Summer Lakes
 Basin, and Klamath-Basin

 0.005 mg/1

 The   creation  of   tastes   or  odors  or  toxic  or other
 conditions   that  are  deleterious   to   fish  to  other
 aquatic   life  or   affect   the   potability  of  drinking
 water or  the  palatability of  fish or  shellfish shall
 not  be allowed.

' Where    industrial,     commercial,   or   agricultural
 effluents   contain quantities  .of  potentially toxic
 'elements,  treatment   requirements   shall be  determined
 utilizing appropriate  bioassays.
 Pennsylvania'

 All
             38
  Cu-   Not   to  exceed  0.1  of  the  96-hour  LC50  for
  representative  important species as determined through
  substantial   available  literature  data  or  bioassay
  tests  tailored to the ambient quality of the receiving
  waters.           .,.".••.     .           - •

  Cu-  Not to exceed 0.1 mg/1.
                                       -40-

-------
State and Water Use     Copper Criteria- Values
All
General  vater  quality  narrative:    Vater  shall not
contain  substances  attributable  to point or nonpoint
source  waste  discharges  in  concentration or amounts
sufficient  to be inimical or harmful to the water uses
to  be protected or to human, animal, plant, or aquatic
life.
            39
Rhode Island
Fresh Water Aquatic Life
Saltwater Aquatic Life
                             U.S.EPA
     e
     23
U.S.EPA
Chronic
5.6
4.0
Class A
Classes B and C
Class D
Classes A,B,C,D
Class SA
Class SB
                                                           all units  in ug/1
The    limits   prescribed   by   the   United   States
Environmental  Protection Agency will be used where not
superseded by more stringent State requirements.

The  ambient  concentration  of  a pollutant in a water
body  designated  as  suitable for fish and/or wildlife
habitat  shall  not  exceed  the R.I. DEM Ambient Water
Quality   Guidelines  for  the  protection  of  aquatic
organisms  from  chronic  effects,  unless  the chronic
guideline  is modified by the Director based on results
of  bioassay  tests  conducted, in  accordance with the
terms and conditions provided in Appendix C.

The  ambient  concentration  of  a pollutant in a water
body  designated  as  suitable for fish migration shall
not   exceed   the   R.I.  DEM  Ambient  Water  Quality
Guidelines  for  the  protection  of  aquatic organisms
from  acute  effects,  unless  the  acute  guideline is
modified  by  the Director based on results of bioassay
tests  conducted  in  accordance  with  the  terms  and
conditions provided in Appendix C.

Waters  shall  be  free  from  chemical constituents in
concentrations  or  combinations which could be harmful
to  human,  animal, or aquatic life for the appropriate
most   sensitive  and  governing  water  class  use  or
unfavorably alter the biota.

None  in  concentrations or combinations which would be
harmful  to  human,  animal  or  aquatic  life or which
would  make the waters unsafe or unsuitable for fish or
shellfish    or    their    propagation,   impair   the
palatability  of  same,  or  impair  the waters for any
other uses.

None  in  concentrations or combinations which would be
harmful  to  human,  animal  or  aquatic  life or which
would  make the waters unsafe or unsuitable for fish or
shellfish  or  their  propagation,  or impair the water
                                      -41-

-------
State and Water Use
Copper Criteria Values
Class SC
Classes A, B, C, D,
SA, SB, SC
for any other usage assigned to this Class.

None  in  concentrations or combinations which would be
harmful  to  human,  animal  or  aquatic  life or which
would  make the waters unsafe or unsuitable for fish or
shellfish  or  their  propagation,  or impair the water
for  any  other  usage  assigned  to  this  Class.  The
ambient  concentration  of  a pollutant in a water body
designated   as   suitable  for  fish  and/or  wildlife
habitat, shall  not  exceed  the R.I. DEM Ambient;Water
Quality   Guidelines  for  the  protection  of  aquatic
organisms  from  chronic  effects,  unless  the chronic
guideline  is modified by the Director based on results
of  bioassay  tests  conducted  in  accordance with the
terms and conditions provided in Appendix C.

If an aquatic toxicity value has not been established
in  the R.I. DEM Ambient Water Quality Guidelines, then
the  level of any "priority pollutant" shall not  exceed
the  "detection limits" in the ambient water unless the
discharger  demonstrates  to  the  satisfaction   of the
Director   :that   a   higher   concentration  will  not
adversely  effect  the  most sensitive use of the water
body.

Classes A,B,C,D are  fresh waters.

Classes SA,SB,SC are sea waters.
 South Carolina

 All

 All
               40
 Classes AA and SAA
 Classes A-Trout and
 B-Trout
 Not  specified

 Toxic  substances   narrative:     All   ground waters .and
 surface  waters of  the  State  shall  at   all  times,
 regardless  of  flow,   be  free  from  toxic substances
 attributable  to  sewage,"  industrial  waste,   or other
 waste   in   concentrations   or   combinations   which
 interfere  with  classified  water  uses (except within
 mixing  zones  as   described  in  D.(5)  of  the  South
 Carolina  Water Quality Standards), existing water uses
 or  which  are  harmful  to  human,  animal,  plant  or
 aquatic life.

 Toxic  substances   narrative:    Natural conditions will
 be  maintained  and  protected  as feasible, within the
 Department's statut ry authority.

 Toxic substances narrative:  None alone or in
 combination   with   other   substances  or  wastes  in
 sufficient  amounts  to  be  injurious  to  reproducing
 trout  populations  or   in  any manner adversely affect
 the  taste,  color, odor, or sanitary condition  thereof
                                      -42-

-------
State and Vater Use
Copper Criteria Values
Classes A and SB
Classes B and SC
Class SA
Class GA

Class GB


Class GC
                        or  impair  the  waters  for  any  other  best usage as
                        determined  for  the specific waters which are assigned
                        to this class.
Toxic   substances
combination   with
sufficient
unsuitable
the  waters
         narrative:     None  alone  or  in
         other   substances  or  wastes  in
 amounts  to  make  the  waters  unsafe  or
for primary contact recreation or to impair
 for any other best usage as determined for.
the specific waters which are assigned to this class.

Toxic   substances   narrative:     None  alone  or  in
combination   with   other   substances  or  wastes  in
sufficient  amounts  to  be  harmful to the survival of
freshwater(B)  and  marine(SC)  fauna  and flora or the
culture  or  propagation  thereof;  to adversely affect
the  taste,  color, odor, or sanitary condition of fish
for  human  consumption;  to make the (B) waters unsafe
or  unsuitable  for  a  source of drinking water supply
after   conventional  treatment;  to  make  the  waters
unsafe  or unsuitable for secondary contact recreation;
or  to  impair  the  waters for any other best usage as
determined  for  the specific waters which are assigned
to this class.

Toxic   substances   narrative:     None  alone  or  in
combination   with   other   substances  or  wastes  in
sufficient  ampunts  to  adversely  affect  the  taste,
color,  odor,  or sanitary condition of clams, mussels,
or  oysters for human consumption; or impair the waters
for   any  other  best  usage  as  determined  for  the
specific waters which are assigned to this class.

Toxic substances narrative:  None allowed

Chemicals  narrative:    As  set  forth  in  the  State
Primary Drinking Water Regulations R.61-58.5 B.(2).

Toxic  substances narrative:  None which interfere with
any  existing  use of an underground source of drinking
water.
South Dakota

All

All
            41
Not specified

Toxic  substances  narrative:  Substances which produce
concentrations   of  any  substance  toxic  to  humans,
animals,  plants,or  aquatic life may not be discharged
or  caused  to  be  discharged into any lake or stream.
Toxicity  of  nonbioaccumulative  pollutants to aquatic
life   shall   be   determined   in   accordance   with
§74:03:02:06.    Toxicity of bioaccumulative pollutants
                                     -43-

-------
State and Water Use
Copper Criteria Values

shall   be   determined   using   bioassay  methods  in
accordance  vith  §74:03:02:06  and  additional data on
the  rates  and  effects of bioaccumulation so that the
aquatic  community  and  those  organisms including man
which   use   those  aquatic  organisms  for  food  are
protected  against  potential  adverse  health effects.
Toxic  concentrations  shall  be  specified in terms of
24-hour  and  30-day  average concentrations or maximum
concentrations   allowed  or  both.    Where  numerical
criterion  has  been  established for a toxic substance
in   §§74:03:02:33   to   74:03:02:45,  inclusive,  the
provisions  of  this  section  do  not  apply  to  that
substance.
         42
Tennessee

All                     Not  specified

Domestic Water  Supply   1,000  ug/1
                        Toxic   substances   narrative:    The  waters   shall  not
                        contain   toxic    substances,   whether    alone   or   in
                        combination  with   other  substances, which will  produce
                        toxic   conditions  that  materially  affect  the  health  and
                        safety  of   man  or  animals,   or   impair the safety of
                        conventionally  treated   water supplies.     Available
                        references   to  be  used  in determining such  conditions
                        shall    include,   but  hot  be  limited   to:     Quality
                        Criteria  for  Water  (Section  304(a)  of PL 92-500);
                        Federal  Regulations  under  Section  307 of  PL 92-500;
                        and  Federal  Regulations  under   Section  1412  of  the
                        Public  Health  Service  Act as   amended  by  the Safe
                        Drinking Water Act (PL 93-523).

Industrial Water Supply Toxic   substances   narrative:    The  waters   shall  not
                        contain   toxic    substances   whether    alone   or   in
                        combination    with   other   substances,    which   will
                        adversely affect industrial processing.
 Fish And Aquatic Life
 Toxic  Substances   Narrative:     The  waters   shall not
 contain   substances    or   combination  of   substances
 including  disease  causing  agents   which,   by  way of
 either  direct  exposure  of/ indirect exposure through
 food   chains  may  cause  death, disease,   behavioral
 abnormalities,      cancer,      genetic     mutations,
 physiological  malfunctions  (including malfunctions in
 reproduction),  physical  de'f >rmations,  or  restrict or
 impair   growth  in  fish  or  aquatic  life   or  their
 offspring.     In  no  event  shall   the  diversity  or
 productivity   of  biota  significant  to  the  aquatic
 community   of   the  receiving  stream  be   decreased.
 References   to   be   used   in  determining  toxicity
 limitations  shall  include  but  not  be  limited  to:
 Quality  Criteria  for  Water (Section 304(a) of Public

              -44-

-------
State and Water Use
Recreation
Irrigation
Livestock Watering And
Wildlife
Effluent Limitations
(Industrial Wastewater
Treatment Plants)
Copper Cri teria Values

Law  92-500),  Federal Regulations under Section 307 of
Public   Lav  92-500,  and  Federal  Regulations  under
Section  1412  of  the  Public  Health  Service  Act as
amended  by  the  Safe  Drinking  Water Act (Public Law
93-523).    The  use  of  such  information  should  be
limited   to   that  part  applicable  to  the  aquatic
community  found  within the receiving stream or waters
under consideration.

Toxic  substances  narrative:    The  water  shall  not
contain   toxic   substances   whether   alone   or  in
combination  with  other  substances,  that will render
the  waters  unsafe  or  unsuitable  for  water contact
activities,  or will propose toxic conditions that will
adversely affect man or animal.

Toxic  substances  narrative:    The  waters  shall not
contain   toxic  substances  that  will  produce  toxic
conditions that will affect the water for irrigation.

Toxic substances narrative:  The waters shall not
contain   toxic   substances   whether   alone   or  in
combination  with  other  substances, that will produce
toxic   conditions  that  will  affect  the  water  for
livestock watering and wildlife.

1.0 mg/1                       '
Texas43

All Fresh Water


All
         (0.9422[ In ( hardness )] -1.3844)
Acute
Chronic
(d)    Toxic  parameters.    Surface waters will not be
toxic  to  man,  or  to  terrestrial  or  aquatic life.
Additional  standards  requirements for toxic materials
are  specified  in  §307.6  of  this title (relating to
Toxic Materials).

§307.6.   TOXIC MATERIALS.            ,

(a)  Application.    Standards and procedures set forth
in  this  section  apply  to  all  water  in the state,
except  as  indicated in §307.8 of this title (relating
to  Application  of Standards) and §307.9 of this title
(relating to Determination of Standards Attainment).

(b)  General provisions.

(1)  Water  in  the state shall not be acutely toxic to
aquatic  life except in small zones of initial dilution

             -45-

-------
State and Water Use
Copper Criteria Values
                        at   discharge   points,   in  accordance
                        (relating to Application of Standards).
                                           with  §307.8
                        (2)  Water  in  the  state  with designated or existing
                        aquatic  life  uses  shall  not be chronically toxic to
                        aquatic   life,   except  in  mixing  zones  and  below
                        critical   low-flow   conditions,  in  accordance  with
                        §307.8  of  this  title  (relating  to  Application  of
                        Standards).

                        (3)  Vater   in   the  state  shall  be  maintained  to
                        preclude   adverse   toxic   effects  on  human  health
                        •resulting   from  contact  recreation,  consumption  of
                        aquatic  organisms,  or  consumption  of drinking water
                        after  reasonable  treatment.    In  addition  to other
                        provisions  of  this  section,  permitted discharges or
                        other  controllable  sources  shall  not  cause maximum
                        contaminant  levels for public drinking water supplies,
                        as  established  in the federal Safe Drinking Water Act
                        (42  United  States  Code 300f et seq.)» to be exceeded
                        after  reasonable treatment by a water supply treatment
                        plant.      The   commission   will  utilize  available
                        investigative  and  regulatory  means  to  identify and
                        control  sources  of  toxic  pollutants  which cause or
                        could  potentially cause the following guidelines to be
                        exceeded:

                        (A)  EPA  maximum contaminant levels for drinking water
                        supplies; and

                        (B)  U.S.    Food and Drug Administration Action Levels
                        for toxic concentrations in fish and shellfish tissue.
Utah44

Domestic Source

Aquatic Wildlife
(Classes 3A,3B & 3C)

Aquatic Wildlife
(Class 3D)

Agriculture

Industry

All
0.2 -mg/1

12 ug/1 - 4 day average   /Hardness Dependent
18 yg/l - 1 hour average  MOO mg/1 CaCO- used

18 ug/1 - 1 hour average
0.2 mg/1      •

Limits assigned on a case-by-case basis.

Toxic  substances narrative:  It shall be unlawful, and
a  violation  of  these  regulations, for any person  to
discharge • or  place  any  waste  or other substance  in
such  a  way  as  will  be  or may become offensive;  or
conditions  which  produce  undesirable aquatic life  or
which  produce  objectionable  tastes in edible aquatic
                                     .-46-

-------
State and Water Use
Copper Criteria Values

organisms;   or   concentrations   or  combinations  of
substances   which  produce  undesirable  physiological
responses   in   desirable   resident  fish,  or  other
desirable  aquatic  life,  as determined by bioassay or
other  tests  performed  in  accordance  vith  standard
procedures determined by the Committee.
Vermont

All
       45
Not specified

Toxic  substances  narrative:   The waters.of the state
shall  be  managed  so  as  to prevent the discharge of
radioactive   or   toxic   wastes   in  concentrations,
quantities   or   combinations   that   may   create  a
significant  likelihood  of  an adverse impact on human
health  or  acute or chronic toxicity to aquatic biota,
fish  or wildlife.  Unless otherwise specified by these
rules,   the   Secretary  shall  determine  limits  for
discharges   containing  radioactive  or  toxic  wastes
based   on   the   results   of   biological   toxicity
assessments  and  the  appropriate available scientific
data, including but not limited to:

     1.  The  current  edition  of the EPA publications
"Quality  Criteria  for  Water"  and  the  1980 Ambient
Water Quality Criteria Documents ("White Books")

     2.  The  Vermont  State Health Regulation,, Part 5,
Chapter   3  "Radiological  Health",  effective  as  of
12/10/77

     3. 10 CFR 50, Appendix I

     In  establishing  such  limits the Secretary shall
give     consideration    to    the    potential    for
bioaccumulation   as   well   as  any  antagonistic  or
synergistic  relationship  that  may  exist between the
wastes  being discharged and the concentration of other
wastes  or  constituents  in the receiving waters.  The
discharge  of  radioactive  wastes shall not exceed the
lowest limits which are reasonably achievable.
Virginia46

Public Water  Supply      1.0 mg/1

Surface Water           freshwater
(Chronic Criteria For    saltwater
The Protection Of
Aquatic Life)
                0.8555(ln(hardness))-1.465
               2.9 ug/1
                                      -47-

-------
State and Vater Use
Copper Criteria Values
All
All   State   vaters  shall  be  free  from  substances
attributable  to  sewage,  industrial  waste,  or other
wasted   in  concentration,  amounts,  or  combinations
which  contravene  established  standards  or interfere
directly  or  indirectly  with  reasonable,  beneficial
uses  of such water or which are inimical or harmful to
human,   animal,  plant  or  aquatic  life.    Specific
substances  to  be  controlled  include,  but  are  not
limited  to;  floating  debris,  oil,  scum,  and other
floating  material;  toxic  substances; substances that
settle  to  form  sludge deposits, and substances which
nourish  undesirable  or  nuisance  aquatic plant life.
Effluents • which  tend  to raise the temperature of the
receiving water will also be controlled.
          47
Washington

All

Extraordinary(Class AA)
And Lake Class Vaters
Excellent (Class A),
Good (Class B), and
Fair (Class C) Waters
All
Not specified

Toxic substances narrative:  Toxic, radioactive, or
deleterious  material concentrations shall be less than
those   which   adversely  affect  public  health,  the
natural  aquatic  environment,  or  the desirability of
the water for any use.

Toxic substances narrative:  Toxic, radioactive, or
deleterious material concentrations shall be below
those  of  public  health  significance,  or  which may
cause  acute or chronic toxic conditions to the aquatic
biota, or which may adversely affect any water use.

Deleterious   concentrations   of   toxic,   or   other
nonradioactive  materials,  shall  be determined by the
department  in  consideration  of  the Quality Criteria
for  Water, published by USEPA 1976, and as revised, as
the  authoritative  source  for  criteria  and/or other
relevant information, if justified.
West Virginia

Category A

Category B
             48
Not to exceed 1000 ug/1.

Hardness       Cu Criterion.
mg/1 as CaCOp  ug/1 as Tot. Cu
                             50
                             100
                             200
                             300
                             400
                             500
                             600
                             700
                    6
                    11
                    20
                    29
                    38
                    46
                    55
                                                     63
                                      -48-

-------
State and Water Use
Copper Criteria Values
All
No  sewage,  industrial  vastes or other vastes present
in  any  of  the  waters  of  the  State shall cause or
materially  contribute  to  concentrations of materials
harmful,  hazardous or toxic to man, animal, or aquatic
life.
Wisconsin

All

All
         49
Fish And Aquatic Life
Public  Water  Supply
Not specified

Toxic    substances    narrative:       Substances   in
concentrations  or  combinations  which  are  toxic  or
harmful  to  humans  shall  not  be  present in amounts
found  to  be  of public health significance, nor shall
substances  be  present  in  amounts  which are acutely
harmful to animal, plant or aquatic life.

Toxic     substances     narrative:        Unauthorized
concentrations  of  substances  are  not permitted that
alone  or  in  combination with other materials present
are   toxic  to  fish  ,or  other  aquatic  life.    The
determination  of  the toxicity of a substance shall be
based   upon   the   available  scientific  data  base.
References  to be used in determining the toxicity of a
substance shall include, but not be limited to:

     1.  "Quality  Criteria  for  Water". EPA-440/9-76-
003.    United  States Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington, D.C., 1976, and

     2.  "Water  Quality Criteria 1972". EPA-R3-73-033.
National  Academy  of  Sciences,  National  Academy  of
Engineering.      United   States  Government  Printing
Office, Washington, D.C., 1974.

     3.  Questions  concerning  the permissible levels,
or  changes in the same, of a substance, or combination
of  substances, of undefined toxicity to fish and other
biota  shall be resolved in accordance with the methods
specified  in  "Water Quality Criteria 1972", "Standard
Methods  for  the Examination of Water and Wastewater",
14th    Edition,    1975    (American   Public   Health
Association,  New  York)  or  other methods approved by
the department of natural resources.

Toxic  substances  narrative:   The intake water supply
will   be   such  that  by  appropriate  treatment  and
adequate  safeguards  it  will  meet  the Public Health
Service Drinking Water Standards, 1962.
     Concentrations  of  other constituents must not be
hazardous to health.

             -49-                      .

-------
State and Vater  Use
Copper Criteria Values
     .  50
yyoraing

All

All
Not specified

Toxic  substances  narrative:    Toxic  or  potentially
toxic  materials  attributable  to or influenced by  the
activities  of  man shall not be present in any Wyoming
surface  vaters in concentrations or combinations which
would  damage  or impair the normal growth, function or
reproduction  of  human, animal, plant or aquatic life.
Unless  otherwise specified in  these Standards, maximum
allowable  concentrations  shall be based on  the latest
edition  of  Quality  Criteria  for Water, published by
EPA
                                                          and/or more generally
     or  it's  successor  agency,
accepted scientific information.
     In    those    cases   where   maximum  . allowable
concentrations  must  be  determined  through bioassay,
the  appropriate  protocol  'and  application factors as
outlined  in the latest edition of Standard Methods for
the
                             Examination  of  Water  and
                                  Wastewater  or
                                            used.
other
  The
                        methods  approved  by,  the  EPA  shall  be
                        bioassay  shall  be   conducted  with an ecologically  or
                        economically  important  sensitive  resident   specie  in
                        the  most  sensitive  portion  of  its  life   cycle,  if
                        applicable,  as  a test organism.  Makeup water  for  the
                        analysis  should  be  constituted  so as•to approximate
                        the     most    probable    chemical    and    physical
                        characteristics  of   the  receiving  water in  question.
                        The  observed  96-hour  LC50 is then to be multiplied  by
                        an  application  factor,  where  established by  EPA,  to
                        determine  the  "safe" '. concentrations for the compound
                        in  question.    Where  appropriate application  factors
                        have  not yet been established, the method for deriving
                        said  application factor shall be that described in  the
                        latest  .edition  of   Standard  Methods or other  methods
                        approved by EPA.
                             Toxic  substances  specifically designed to  kill  or
                        eliminate   problem-causing   aquatic   life   (such   as
                        mosquito  larvae  or  heavy  plant growth in irrigation
                        ditches)  may  be  added to surface waters of  the State
                        provided ,   such   substances   are   administered   in
                        accordance  with label  directions.  However, compliance
                        with  label directions  shall not exempt any person from
                        the penalty provisions  of W.S. 35-ll-901(,-b),
                             This  Section  shall  not apply to the use  of fish
                        toxicants by the Wyoming Game and Fish Department.
American Samoa

All Fresh Surface
Water, Embayments,
They shall be free from substances and conditions or
combinations thereof attributable to sewage,
                                     -50-

-------
State and Water Use

Open Coastal Water,
and Oceanic Waters
(shall apply as a
minimum within the
zone of mixing)
Copper Criteria Values

industrial wastes, or other activities of man which
may be toxic to humans, other animals, plants, and
aquatic life.

Substances of unknown toxicitys

     (a)    All    effluents    containing    materials
attributable   to   the  activities  of  man  shall  be
considered    harmful   and   not   permissible   until
acceptable  bioassay tests have shown otherwise.  It is
the  obligation  of  the persons producing the effluent
to  demonstrate  that it is harmless, at the request of
the Environmental Quality Commission.

     (b)  Compliance  with  Section  VI,  A-4  of these
Standards  will  be  determined  by  use  of  indicator
organisms,  analysis  of  species diversity, population
density,  growth  anomalies,  bioassays  of appropriate
duration  or  other appropriate methods as specified by
the Environmental Quality Commission.

     (c)  The  survival  of  aquatic life in any waters
shall  not be less than that for the same water body in
areas  unaffected by sewage, industrial wastes or other
activities  of  man,  or,  when  necessary,  for  other
control  water that is consistent with the requirements
for  "Experimental  Water"  as  described  in  Standard
Methods  for  the  Examination  of Water and Wastewater
(latest  available  edition).  As a minimum, compliance
with  the  objective as stated in the previous sentence
shall be evaluated with a 96 hour bioassay.

     (d)  In addition, effluent limits based upon acute
bioassays   of   effluents  will  be  prescribed  where
appropriate,   additional   numerical  receiving  water
limits  including  the  water  quality criteria used to
support   toxic  effluent  standards  identified  under
Section  307 (a) of the Federal Water Pollution Control
Act   of   1972,   as  amended,  will  apply;  further,
numerical   receiving   water   limits   for   specific
toxicants   will  be  established  as  sufficient  data
becomes   available;   and   source  control  of  toxic
substances will be encouraged.
District of Columbia
All
                     52
Toxic   substances   narrative:    The  waters  of   the
District  shall be free from substances attributable  to
point    or    non-point    sources    discharged     in
concentrations  that  injure,  are  toxic to or produce
adverse   physiological   or  behavioral  responses   in
humans, plants or animals.
                                      -51-

-------
State and Water Use
Copper Criteria Values
Class C (Aquatic Life,
Waterfowl, Shore Birds,
And Water Oriented
Wildlife)

Class D (Public Water
Supply)
Class G (Groundvaters)
Those  criteria  listed  under  the  category of Toxics
shall   be   applicable   only  to  protection  of  the
designated  beneficial  use  for  periods  of less than
ninety-six  (96)  hours.    The  determination  of  the
criteria  needed  to  protect  the beneficial use for a
longer  period  of time shall be made on a case by case
basis and may be more stringent.

e(0.8545 In(hardness) -1.465)   n
1.0 mg/1
Waters shall be free from toxicants and
other  substances  in  concentrations  that  cannot  be
reduced   to   levels  safe  for  distribution  by  the
existing   or   presently   proposed   water  treatment
facilities which use these waters.

Waters   shall   be   free  from  toxicants  and  other
substances  in  concentrations  which  might  present a
health hazard or render the groundwaters unusable.
Guam

All
    53
General  criteria:    All  waters  shall  be  free from
substances,    conditions   or   combinations   thereof
attributable  to  domestic,  commercial  and industrial
discharges  or  agricultural, construction and land-use
practices  or  other human activities that are toxic or
harmful   to   humans,  'animals,  plants  or  desirable
aquatic life.

Analytical  testing methods for these criteria shall be
in   accordance   with  the  most  recent  editions  of
Standard.  Methods  for  the  Examination  of  Water and
                        Wastewater   (APHA,
                        Chemical   Analysis
                      AWWA,   WPCF),  Methods  for  the
                      of   Water   and   Wastes   (U.S.
                        Environmental  Protection  Agency),  and  other methods
                        acceptable  to  GEPA and possessing adequate procedural
                        precision and accuracy.

                        Effects  of  toxic  or  other deleterious substances at
                        levels  or  'combinations  sufficient  to  be  toxic  or
                        harmful  to  human, animal, plant or aquatic life or in
                                 sufficient  to . interfere  with any beneficial
                                 the water, shall be evaluated as a minimum, by
                                 a  96-hour  bioassay  as described in the most
                                edition of Standard Methods for the Examination
                                   and
amounts
use  of
use  of
recent
of  Water         	
shall  not  be less than that of controls which utilize
appropriate  water.    Failure to determine presence of
Wastewater.  Survival of test organisms
                                     -52-

-------
State and Water Use
Copper Criteria Values
Mariana Islands

All
               54
All Surface  Waters
                        toxic  substances  by  this , method  shall not preclude
                        determination  of  excessive levels of toxic substances
                        on the basis of other criteria or methods.

                        Toxic  substances  narrative:    In  order  to  provide
                        maximum  protection  for  the  propagation  of fish and
                        wildlife,    concentrations    of    toxic   substances
                        (persistent    or    non-persistent,    cumulative   or
                        non-cumulative);  (a)  shall  not  exceed  0.05  of the
                        96-hour  LCe0  at  any  time  or  place, nor should the
                        24-hour   average  concentration  exceed  0.01  of  the
                        96-hour   LC-Q   or,   (b)   shall  not  exceed  levels
                        calculated  By  multiplying the appropriate application
                        factor  by  the 96-hour LC-Q values determined by using
                        the   most   sensitive   species  of  aquatic  organism
                        affected.    Whichever  value (a or b) is less shall be
                        the  maximum allowable concentration, unless this value
                        exceeds   the   Maximum   Numerical   Limit,  then  the
                        numerical  limit shall constitute the maximum allowable
                        concentration.

                        NOTE:    Whenever  natural  concentrations of any toxic
                        substance  or  element  occur  and  exceed  the  limits
                        established    in    these   standards,    this   greater
                        concentration  shall constitute  the  limit,  provided
                        that   this  natural concentration  was  not  directly
                        affected by man-induced causes.
General  criteria:  All waters shall  be  free  from  toxic
or   other  deleterious  substances   at   levels  or   in
combinations  sufficient   to  be   toxic   or   harmful  to
human,  animal,  plant,  or aquatic life, or  in amounts
sufficient  to  interfere with any  beneficial  use of the
water.

Toxic   substances   narrative:    Criteria   for   toxic
substances  are given as either a  maximum concentration
or   are   determined   by  multiplying  the   stated
application   factor  by the concentration determined  to
be   lethal  to  50%  of  the  most sensitive  indigenous
organism  after 96 hours of exposure  (96 LC~0)-  The  96
LCe«  values  shall  be  determined   by   using bioassay
procedures  consistent  with   those   described  in the
latest edition of Standard M€ thods for  the Examination
                         of Water and Wastewater.

                         The  96  LCeQ  values   shall be determined by using the
                         most  sensitive indigenous organism to the substance in
                         question.     When  both  an  application  factor  and a
                         maximum  concentration are given,  the lesser of the two
                         resulting  concentrations  shall  constitute  the water
                                      -53-

-------
State and Vater Use
Copper Criteria Values

quality standards.

Max. cone, level
                        mg/1
                        0.003
          ug/1
          3.0
Application factor

     0.10
                        General  toxic  standards:  No substance or combination
                        of  substances  including  oil  and  petroleum products
                        shall  be  present  in  surface  water  in amounts  that
                        exceed  0.01  times the 96 LC^0 concentration unless it
                        can  be  demonstrated  to  the Department that a higher
                        concentration  has no adverse effect, chronic or acute,
                        on the intended uses of the water body in question.

                        General considerations:

                             (a)  Analytical testing methods for these criteria
                        shall  be  in  accordance with the most recent editions
                        of  Standard  Methods  for the Examination of Water and
                        Wastewater,    and    other    methods   published   by
                        knowledgeable   authorities   and  possessing  adequate
                        procedural precision and accuracy.

                             (b)   Effects   of   toxic  or  other  deleterious
                        substances  at  levels or combinations sufficient to be
                        toxic  or  harmful  to  human, animal, plant or aquatic
                        life  or  in  amounts  sufficient to interfere with any
                        beneficial  use  of  the water, shall be evaluated as a
                        minimum,  by  use of a 96-hour bioassay as described in
                        the  most  recent  editions of Standard Methods for the
                        Examination  of Water and Wastewater.
                                       Survival of test
                                       that in controls
                        organisms  shall  no't  be  less  than
                        which  utilize 'appropriate water.  Failure to determine
                        presence  of  toxic substances by this method shall not
                        preclude  determination  of  excessive  levels of  toxic
                        substances on the basis of other criteria or methods.

                             (c)  Pollutant  discharges  shall be controlled so
                        as  to  protect  not  only  the  waters  receiving  the
                        discharge  directly,  but  also those waters into which
                        the initial receiving waters may flow.
           515
Puerto Rico

SB, SC (Coastal Waters) 50.0'ug/1

SD (Surface Waters)     40.0 ug/1
All
Toxic  substances narrative:  The waters of Puerto Rico
shall  not  contain  any  substance  in a concentration
which   is   toxic   "or   which   produces  undesirable
physiological  responses in human, fish or other animal
life, and plants.
                                     .-54-

-------
State and ffater Use
Copper Criteria Values
Trust Territory

All
               56
                        The  waters  of  Puerto  Rico  shall not contain  two or
                        more  substances  whose  combination  is toxic or which
                        will    produce    chronic    or    other   undesirable
                        physiological   responses  in  humans,  fish  or  other
                        animal life and plants.
General  criteria:    All  waters  shall  be  free  from
substances   and   conditions   attributable    to    the
activities   of   man   that  may  be  toxic  or  cause
irritation to humans, animals, or plants.

Toxic   substances   narrative:    Criteria   for  toxic
substances  are given as either a maximum concentration
or   are   determined   by   multiplying   the   stated
application  factor  by the concentration determined to
be  lethal  to  50%  of  the  most sensitive  indigenous
organism  after   96  hours of exposure (96 LC).  The 96
LC   values  shall   be  determined   by  using  bioassay
procedures  consistent  with  those  described   in   the
latest  edition of Standard Methods  for the Examination
of  Water  and  Wastewater.96 LC 50 values  shall be
determined  by  using   the  most  sensitive   indigenous
organism   to  the substance  in question.  When both an
application  factor  and  a   maximum  concentration are
given,   the  lesser  of   the  two  shall  constitute the
water quality standard.
                              Marine         Class 1
                         Limit  Factor  Limit  	
                         3 mg/1    0.1  6 ug/1    0.1
                      	        Class 2
                       Factor  Limit  Factor
                                         0.1
                         No  substance  or  combination  of  substances shall be
                         present  in  surface waters in amounts that exceed 0.01
                         times  the  96  LCen  concentration  unless  it  can be
                         demonstrated  to  the Board that a higher concentration
                         has  no  adverse  effect,  chronic  or  acute,  on  the
                         intended uses of the water body in question.

                         General considerations:

                              (1)    All    methods    of   sample   collection.
                         preservation,    and   analysis   used   to   determine
                         compliance  with these standards shall '">e in accordance
                         with   those   specified  in  the  curr-nt  edition  of
                         Standard  Methods  for   the  Examinatio •.  of  Water and
                         Wastewaterormethods  specified by EPA in 40 CFR Part
                         136,. as appropriate.
                                 Samples  should  be  collected at approximately
                         equal  intervals  and  under  those conditions of  tide,
                         rainfall,  and  time  of day  when  pollution   is most
                         likely to be maximum.
                                      -55-

-------
State and VateirUse
Copper Criteria Values
                             (2)  'w.' .never  natural  conditions  are  of   lower
                        quality   than  an  assigned vater quality  criteria,  the
                        natural   conditions  shall constitute  the  water quality
                        criteria.

                             (3)  Whenever  2 numeric  criteria are in conflict,
                        the  more stringent criteria shall  constitute the  water
                        quality criteria.

                             (4)  Pollutant  discharges   to either surface or
                        ground  waters shall be  controlled  so  as  to protect  no.t
                        only  the  receiving  water  but  also  those waters into
                        which the,initial receiving waters  may flow.
Virgin Islands

All
              57
General  criteria:- All surface waters shall  be  free  of
substances; attributable   to  municipal,  industrial,  or
other   discharges   or  wastes   in   concentrations   or
combinations   which-  are"   toxic    or   which   produce
undesirable  physiological responses  in human, fish and
other animal life,  and plants.
                                      -56-

-------