EPA-450/2-74-017B
October 1974
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
FOR STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE:
ELECTRIC ARC FURNACES
IN THE STEEL INDUSTRY
VOLUME 2: TEST DATA SUMMARY
,.
I::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::*
'i'lsitssstssKtssttttsts
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Air and Waste Management
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
-------
-------
EPA-450/2-74-017B
i
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
F<5R STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE:
ELECTRIC ARC FURNACES
IN THE STEEL INDUSTRY
VOLUME 2: TEST DATA SUMMARY
l
Emission Standards and Engineering Division
U.S . ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Air and Waste Management
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
October 1974
-------
Virginia 22161.
Publication No. EPA-450/2-74-017b
ii
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CONTENTS
Section
INTRODUCTION ............................ i
SUMMARY OF PARTICULATE AND CARBON MONOXIDE TEST RESULTS. ...... 2
REFERENCES ;...... . . ; 38
TECHNICAL REPORT DATA SHEET. 41
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INTRODUCTION !
This report summarizes the source test results and visible emission
j measurements in Background Information for Standards of Performance^
I Electric Arc Furnaces in the Steel Industry. Volume 1, Proposed Standards
f (EPA-450/2-74-005a). This volume describes the tested facilities (their
operating conditions, characteristics of exhaust gas streams, and devia-
tions from prescribed test procedures) and summarizes the results of the
particulate matter and carbon monoxide tests.
't . i
; Facilities are identified by the same coding used in Volume 1. For
' example, Table 25 summarizes results of tests performed on Facility J
i under contract to the owner. These same results are plotted in Figure
i !
I VI-1 of Volume 1 as Plant J. I
Many of the tests summarized herein were conducted using EPA Refer-
ence-Method 5 for determination of particulate matter from ^tationary
sources.-' In these cases, additional measurements were made to evaluate
/ - |
i
materials that condense and are collected in the impingers as the gases
i are cooled. 'In the summaries, the "probe and filter catch"jis the
, particulate emission measurement used in the figures in Volume 1 Background
; Information and is the basis of the standard of performance,! The "total
' catch" includes the probe and filter catch plus material collected in the
impingers.
i Other test methods for particulate matter were also used. These methods
;
! did not use impingers for collection of the condensable particulate matter.
I Particulate matter was collected on filters or thimbles. In this sense,
; these other methods are analogous to the "probe and filter ciatch" of EPA Method 5.
I/
Environmental Protection Agency, "Standards of Performance for New
Stationary Sources," Federal Register, 3(5, (247): 24888-24890, December 23, 1971
-------
SUMMARY OF PARTICULATE AND CARBON MONOXIDE TEST RESULTS
A program was undertaken by EPA to evaluate the participate and
carbon monoxide control techniques available for installation on new or
substantially modified electric arc steelmaking facilities. Information
T - -f
was obtained on a number of electric arc steelmaking facilities from
literature and contacts with steel companies and control agencies. Six-
teen of these facilities were visited. Only three well-controlled shops
were found which were testable for particulate matter using present EPA methods.
A particulate matter emission test was made on one of these shops which used
building evacuation and a baghouse for air pollution control. Measurements
of carbon monoxide emissions were also made at this plant. Carbon
monoxide tests were also conducted on two other furnaces at two different
plants where only direct shell evacuation was used. Data on visible
emissions were obtained at several plants. Particulate emission data
have also been obtained from industry for other well -controlled electric
arc furnace shops. All test data are summarized in Tables 1-28 and
it - *' i 3 '' *ปn > ( r- Ml1 ซ"* it"1** r f c. ?< . _ , . /,, .* > ; ^> "j ' ,!M *H' , . v ,v ;, - : '^
presented graphically in Figures 1 through 3.
Facilities -.--
A. One 50 and one 75 ton furnace producing alloy steels. A building
evacuation system with a baghouse having six short stacks was
used for air pollution control. Three of the stacks were
tested for particulate emissions by EPA using EPA
-------
Method 5 (with the single exception that the probe was not
I
heated), and one stack was simultaneously tested using the
i
ASME Method (an alundum thimble followed by a Gelman Type "A"
-i... .,,.., j*.i.y.,,.: .-.,!..- i;~.; jijป j.,-i cj i\'t.i -_; iปaaj -..-... -,',i:, .Jป:M \\,\^ ioOiij r. '
filter; both thimble and filter are inside the stack during
r
testing). Carbon monoxide emissions were determined using a
r . ' -
non-dfspensive infrared ('NDIRj analyzer. Inlet data for particulate
matter were also obtained. The plant was operating near design
capacity during the tests and the control system:was ooeratina well.
B. Five 15 ton furnaces producing alloy steels controlled by a
building evacuation system with a baghouse. Only three furnaces
'i
were operating during the test. Two samples were collected
i
above the center of one filter compartment. Isokinetic sampling
conditions were not maintained. The tests were conducted
according to American Air Filter Method No. 139.-^ The data
were supplied by the company.
C. Two 100 ton furnaces and one 75 ton furnace producing carbon
and alloy steels controlled by a combination of direct shell
evacuation and canopy hoods above each furnace ducted to a common
baghouse. Bypass slots recapture dust which escapes the hoods
initially. Samples were taken isokinetically at several points
in the baghouse compartments above the bags, but formal traversing
I/
-'American Air Filter Company, Inc., "Operating Instructions - Five
Inch Dust Sampler and Thirteen Inch Dust Sampler," Report 139, May 16, 1956.
-------
was not performed. Sampling was conducted using a probe and
paper thimble in series with a dry gas meter and vacuum pump.
The test method did not measure gaseous water in the exhaust
gases. Four of the 26 baghouse compartments were tested.
Baghouse inlet data were also obtained. A hot scarfing machine
which is also controlled by the system was operated for 10
rtiinutes during one of the one-hour tests. The furnaces were
operated about 10 to 18 percent above design capacity. The tests
were conducted by a local air pollution control agency. Visi-
ble emission data at this facility were also obtained by EPA
personnel.
D. One 165 ton furnace producing carbon and alloy steels. Direct
shell evacuation control with a flooded disc scrubber. Tests for
carbon monoxide were conducted on the inlet side of the scrubber using
a non-dispersive infrared analyzer. Gas flow measurements
were also made. Each test run was initiated at the start of the
furnace cycle and was terminated when the furnace was tapped.
Test results are reported both on the basis of the first 90
minutes of meltdown (excluding periods when the roof was re-
moved for charging) and on the basis of the entire test period.
The control system fan was inoperative for about 10 minutes
during the third test run. The furnace was operated near de-
sign capacity during the tests.
-------
E. One ISO ton furnace producing carbon steel. Direct shell evacuation
control with a baghouse. Tested for carbon monoxide only using
'-'- a non-dispersive infrared analyzer. Each test run was initiated at
the start of the furnace cycle and was terminated when the fur-
nace was tapped. Test results are reported both on the basis
of the first 90 minutes of meltdown (excluding periods when the
roof was removed for charging), and on the basis! of the entire
test period. The furnace was operated near design capacity and
the control system operated normally during the tests.
6. Two 120 ton furnaces producing carbon steels. Controlled by a
building evacuation system and direct shell evacuation systems
With twb separate baghouses. Visible emission readings were
made by EPA Method 9.
I. Three 100 ton furances, one 75 ton furnace, and one 50 ton
fuffiaee producing carbon, alloy and stainless steels. Air
pollution control is by building evacuation through three bag-
housess Two of these baghouses (II) are in a common structure
afid exhaust through common short stacks, but have separate Inlets.
Tests were conducted on both inlets, and one test was made on
each of three of the common stacks. Tests were run on the inlet .
and 6n three separate stacks (one test on each) on the third
baghouse (12). Tests were made using EPA Method 5 (except the
probe was not heated) under contract to the company.
.: s
-------
J. Two 25 ton furnaces producing alloy and stainless steels con-
trolled by building evacuation through a baghouse having short
stacks. Tests were conducted on the baghouse inlet and on
three stacks (one test on each). Tests were made using EPA
Method 5 under contract to the company.
M. Two 100 ton and one 150 ton furnaces producing carbon steels.
Direct shell evacuation an,d a canopy hood system with three
separate baghouses control air pollutants. The 150 ton fur-
nace was not operating during the emission test. The canopy
hood baghouse was tested by EPA Method 5. One of the two direct
shell evacuation baghouses was sampled by traversing the exhaust
monitor with a Method 5 sampling train. Data were suppliedjgby
the company. Visible emission data were also obtained by "
EPA and contractor personnel using EPA Method 9 for visible
emissions. ;
-------
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-------
'Table 1
FACILITY A (Baghouse Inlet)
Summary of Results
Run Number
Date
Test Time - Minutes
Total Furnace Capacity - tons
Shop Effluent
Flow rate - ACFM
Flow rate - DSCFM
Flow rate - DSCFM/ton of
furnace caoacity
Temperature - ฐF
Water, vapor - Vol. %
C02 - Vol. % dry
02 - Vol. % dry
CO - Vol. % dry
Visible Emissions - % opacity
Particulate Emissions
Probe and filter catch
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
Ib/hr
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
Total catch
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
, Ib/hr
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
1
10/18/72
240
125
471,699
431 ,236
3,450
98.6
0.7
0.1
20.6
<0.1
2
10/19/72
240
125
497,016
45.4,932
3,640
100.4
0.6
0.1
20.2
<0.1
.Shop building emissions
0.0386
0.0353
142.8
1.14
0.0397
0.0364
147.0 '
1.18
0.0564
0.0516
219.9
1.76
0.0597
0'.0547
233.0
1.86
3
10/20/72 .
240
125 ,
504,697
470,300
3,760
94.8
0.6
0.0
20.7
<0.1
Average
. ;'.:.-. : - ; '
,240
125
491,1,37
452,156
3,&20
97.9
0.63
0.067 .
,--20. 5'
, O.I
were 0% opacity.
0.0605
0.0564
244.0
1.95
0.0618
0.0576
249.2
1.99
0.051 8
0.6.478
202.2
1.62
0.0537
0.0496
'209. 7^
1.68
Reference 1.
10
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Table 2
FACILITY A. (Stack No. J3J
Summary of Results !
Run Number
'
Date
Test Time - Minutes
Total Furnace Capaci ty - tons
1
10/18/72,
240
125
Baghouse Inlet Flow Rate - DSCFM 431 S236
Stack Effluent
Flow rate-- ACFM
Flow rate '- DSCFM
Temperature - ฐF
Water vapor - Vol. %
C02-- Vol. % ary
02 - Vol. % dry
CO - Vol. % dry
Visible Emission's - % opacity
Parti oil ate Emissions
Probe and filter catch
gr/DSCF
':,
gr/ACF
Ib/hr (1)
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
Total catch
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
Ib/hr
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
(1) Calculated as product of front
(2) Calculated as product of total
Reference 1 .
75,740
69,135
103.0
0,6
0.1
20.6
<0.1
6'%'
0.0007 '
0.0007 "'
2.59
0.021
0.0022
0.0020-
8.13
0.065
half stack
stack grain
2
10/19/72
240
125
454,932
,77,511
'71,209
101.7
0.5
0.1
20;,2
<0.1
; oi
0.0010
0.0010
3. "go
0.031
0.0019
0.0018
7.41
0.593
grain loading
loading and
2
10/20/72
240
125
470,300 '
77,535
71 ,,127
'99.1 ,
0>4
0..0
20.7
<0.1
' oi ' '
0.0()1 7
0.0017 ......
6.85 ,
0.055
0.0047
0.0044
18.95
0.152
Average
, ,-
' 240
- 125 -
452,156
76,929
' 70,490
, 101.3,
0'.5
O."067
.20.5
<0,1
"'^i-- ;
.:-:....-./...;.. .
-. *' - . , ' -
o.ooii <:"
o.oon
4.45 '
0.036
0.0029,
0.0027
11.50
0.092
and total baghouse inlet
total baghouse
inlet" flow
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Table 3..
FACILITY A (Stack No. 4)
Summary of Results
Run Number
Date
Test Time - Minutes
Total Furnace Capacity - tons
Baghouse Inlet Flow Rate - DSCFM 431,236
Stack Effluent
Flow rate - ACFM
Flow rate - DSCFM
Temperature - F
Water vapor - Vol. %
COz-- Vol. % dry
02 - Vol. % dry
CO - Vol. % dry
Visible Emissions - % opacity
'Particulate Emissions
Probe and filter catch
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
Ib/hr
(1)
1
10/18/72
240
125
431 ,236
73,938
67,479
103..1
0.6
0.1
20.6
0%
0.0032
o'.ooso
T1.8
0.094
0.0046
0.0043
17.0
2
10/19/72
240
125
454,932
75,653
69,574
101.7
0.5
0.1
20.2
0%
0.0007
0.0007
2.73
0.022
0.0014
0.0013
5.46
3
10/20/72
240
iVs""1"""'"
470,300
77..521
70,241
99.2
0.4
0.0
20.7
0%
0.0005
0.0005
.. 2.02
0.016
0.0015
0.0014
6.05
Ave rage
-
240
452,156
75,704
69,098
101.3
0.5
0.067
20.5
0%
6.0015
0.0014
5.52
0.044
0.0025
,..V:0.0023
..-v 9.50
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
Total catch
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
Ib/hr (2)
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
(1) Calculated as product of front half stack grain loading and total baghouse inlet flow.
(2) Calculated as product of total stack grain loading and total baghouse inlet flow.
Reference 1.
12
0.136
0.044
0.048
0.076
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Table 4
-FACILITY A($tack No. 6)
Summary "of Results
Run Number
Date
Test Time - Minutes
Total Furnace
Baghouse Inlet
Stack Effluent
Flow rate -
Flow rate -
Temperature
Water vapor
C02 -- Vol .
02 - Vol. %
CO - Vol. %
Capacity - tons
Flow Rate - DSCFM
ACFM
DSCFM
-ฐF
- Vol. %
% dry
dry
dry
1 2
10/18/72 10/19/72
240 240
125 125
431 ,236 454,932
79,295 71,315
3 Average
10/20/72 '' -
240 240
125 * ' 125
tf 0,300 ; 452,156
*''. r";i:C;fcr
75,536 75,382-
72,729 65,648 69,915 69,431
100.3 100.0
0.6 0.6
0.1 0.1
20.6 20.2
<0.1 <0.1 .
100.2 100.2
0.7 0.63
0.0 0.067
20.7 20.5
<0.1 <0.1
Visible Emissions - % opacity 0% 0% , 0% ~Q'%
Particulate Emissions
Probe and filter catch
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
Ib/hr
f 1 \
[ I 1
V * /
0.0023 0.0012 o,
0.0022 0.0012 0,
8.50 4.68
; ~i ?
-r '. ^H
'-ป'. ''.., '
0008 -"' 0.0014
OG07 .. 0.0014
3.23 ' 5.47
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
Total catch
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
Ib/hr (2)
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
0.068
0.0038
0.0035
14.1
0.1124
0.037
0.0024
0.0022
9.36
0.026
0.0016
OJ0015
CJ.052
(1) Calculated as product of front half stack
Referenced ^ ^^ ^ t0tal ****
0.075 0.052
grain loading
0.044
0.0026
0.0024
9.95
0.080
and total baghouse inlet flow.
ba9house inlet flow.
13
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Table 5 . ,
FACILITY A (Stack No. 6, ASME Test)
Summary of Results
Run Number
.Date
Test Time - Minutes
Total Furnace Capacity - tons
Baghouse Inlet Flow Rate - DSCFM
Stack Ef f 1 uent
Flow rate - ACFM
Flow rate - DSCFM
Temperature - ฐF
Water vapor - Vol. %
C02- Vol. % dry
02 - Vol. % dry
CO - Vol. % dry
Visible Emissions - % opacity
"Particulate Emissions
Nozzle, thimble
Probe and filter catch
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
Ib/hrO)
Ib/hr per ton of
-------
Table 6
FACILITY A (stack No. 1, CO Measurements)
Summary of Results
Run Number 1 2
Date --''- ^c,,.^. itt^u- 10/18/72" 113719? 72 -
Test Time-Minutes 240 265
Furnace Capacity - Tons (total) 125 125
Baghouse Inlet Flow Rate - 431,236 454,932
DSCFM
10/20/72-
240
125
470,300
Average
' ." "">.<ฃซ;
' 248 ''
125
452,156
Stack Effluent
Flow rate-ACFM
Flow rate-DSCFM
Temperature- ฐF
Water vapor-Vol. %
C02-Vol . .% dry
.. 02-Vol . % dry
CO- Vol. % dry (Orsat)
Carbon Monoxide Emissions ^'
Average ppm (by volume)
lb/hr.(2)
Tb/ton of steel produced
Ib/hr. per ton of furnace
capacity v*/
74,007
67,468
104.1
0.5
0.1
20.6
<0.1
62
116.2
6.51
0.930
75,537
69,141
102.8
Ov7
0.1
20.2
<0.1
48
94.9
5.31
0.759
78,632
72,835
101
0
0
20
<0
.5
.4
.0
.7
.!
43".
87.9
4.92
0.703
76,059
69,815
102.8
;-0.53/
6,667
''"'-' 20.5
1 1 '
51
99.7
"' 5.58
0.797
(1) Corrected for ambient CO concentration. Based on entire test period.
(2) Calculated using average CO concentration and total bctghouse inlet;flow.
Reference 1. i
15
-------
Run Number
Date
Test Time-minutes
Total Furnace Capacity - tons
Stack Effluent
Flow rate - ACFM
Flow rate - DSCFM
Temperature - ฐF
Water vapor - Vol.%
C02 - Vol.% dry
02 - Vol.% dry
CO - Vol.35 dry
Visible Emissions - % opacity
Particulate Emissions
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
Ib/hr
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
Table 7
FACILITY "B
Summary of Results
12/15-16/74
240
45
66
2 x 10
2 x 10
-5
-5
240
45
66
none detected'
Reference 2.
16
-------
Table 8
FACILITY C (Baghouse Inlet)
Summary of Results i
Run Number
Date
Test Time - Minutes
Total Furnace Capacity - tons
Shop Effluent
Flow rate - ACFM(2)
Flow rate - SCFM (2M3)
Flow rate - SCFM/ton of
furnace capacity(3)
Temperature - ฐF
Water vapor - Vol. %
C02 - Vol. % dry
02 - Vol. % dry
CO - Vol. % dry
Visible Emissions - % opacity
Particulate Emissions
Probe and thimble catch
:l ...
12/1/65
60
275
20)
12/1/65
60
275
3
12/1/65
60
275
4
12/1/65
21
275.
Average
;;-t V,;,;
50.25
275
598,000
499,400
1820
170
619,000
509,600
1850
190
634,000
519,800
1890
200
674,000
530,000
1930
200
631,000-
514,700
1870
190
gr/ACF
lb/hr(4)
lb/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
0.
49 0.53 0.31
0.45 0.47 0.28
2100 2320 1380
0.24 0.3:9
0.21 0.3ฃ
1090 1720
7.64
8.44
5.02
3.96
(1) A hot scarfing machine was operating for 10. minutes during run no. 2.
(2) Gas flow measurements were not simultaneous with the particulate concentration
measurements. .
(3) The water content of the gas stream was not determined. Therefore, results
are reported in "wet" scf. !
Calculated as the product of the particulate concentration in the gas stream.
(4)
and gas flows obtained by traversing non-si multaneously,;
Reference 3.
17
-------
Table 9 '
FACILITY C (Compartment No. 4)
Summary of Results
Run Number
Date
Test Time - Minutes
Total Furnace Capacity - tons
Baghouse Inlet Flow Rate - SCFM
Stack Effluent
Flow rate - ACFM
Flow rate - SCFM
Temperature - ฐF
Water vapor - Vol. %
COz - Vol . % 'dry
02 - Vol. % dry
CO - Vol. % dry
Visible Bnissions - % opacity
Participate Emissions
Probe and Thimble Catch
gr/ACF
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
1
12/1/65
: i i ' f \ ซฐ: f
60.
.275
499,400
2(D
12/1/65
60
275
.509,600
3
12/1/65
60
275
519,800
4
12/1/65
62
' 275
530,000
Average
-
cป *y a*, '
60; 5
275
514,700
153
0.020
167
156
155
157.8
0.00.13
0.0012
5.56
0.0032
0.0029
14.0
0.0046
0.0042
20.5
0.0067
0.0061
30.4
0.0040
0.0036
17.6
0.051
0.075
0.111
0.064
Gas flow measurements were made simultaneously with the'particu.lAt.e, ;
concentration measurements.
Not corrected for water content of gas stream. r , '
Calculated as the product of the total baghouse inlet flow rate and the
outlet particulate concentration.
Raference 3.
18
-------
Table 10
FACILITY C (Compartment No. TO)
Summary of Results
Run Number
Date,
Test Time - Minutes
Total Furnace Capacity - tons 275
Baghouse Inlet Flow Rate - SCFM (2)(3) 499^400
Stack.Effluent
Flow rate - ACFM
Flow rate - DSCFM
Temperature - ฐF
Water vapor - Vol. %
COg - Vol. % dry
02 - Vol. % dry
CO - Vol. % dry
Visible Emissions - % opacity
Particulate Emissions
Probe and thimble catch
3) 0.007
: 0.006
Ib/hrW : 33.0
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity 0.120
12/1/65 12/1/65
60 60
275
509,600
0.0071
31,0
0.113
12;
3
1/65
60
275
519,800
4
12/1/65
'.61-
275
530,00.0
Average
-
60.3
275
514,700'
0.0061
27.2
0.099
0.0067
0.0052 0.0060
26.8 , 29.5
0.09* i>,J-.:Q.]Q7
\l\ ' r ho* surfing machine was-pperavi.nci f.or TO miniites during run No 2
U; faas flow measurements were made simultaneously." with the W'ticu late
concentration, measurements. ^i>uia.uj
(3) Not corrected; for water content of gas stream i
Reference 3.
19
-------
Table 11
FACILITY C (Compartment No. 17)
Summary of Results
Run NUmber
Date
Test Time - Minutes
Total Furnace Capacity - tons
1
12/1/65
60
275
Baghouse Inlet Flow Rate.- SCFM(2K3) 499,400
Stack Effluent
Flow rate - ACFM -
Flow fate - DSCFM -
2(D
12/1/65
60
275
509,600
3
12/1/65
60
275,
519,800
12/1/65
66.
275
530,000
Average
275
514,700
Temperature - ฐF
Hater vapor - Vol. %
COa - Vol. % dry
02 - Vol. % dry
CO - Vol. % dry
Visible Emissions - % opacity
Particulate Emissions
Probe and thimble catch
grySCF
gr/ACF
ih/hr W
0.0030
0.0027
12.8
0.0042
0.0037
18.3
0.0026
0.0023
11.6
0.0026
0.0024
11.8
0.0031
0.0028
13.6
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
0.047
0.067
0.04Z
0.043
0.049
III
(3)
A hot scarfing machine was .operating, for TO-minutes' during run Ho. 2.
Gas flow measurements were made simultaneously with the particulate.
concentrati on measurements.
_, Not corrected for water content of gas'stream.
4) Calculated as the'product of the total baghquse inlet flow .rate and the
outlet particulate concentration. ,
Reference 3. .
20
-------
Run Number
Date
Test Time - Minutes
Total Furnace Capacity - tons
Table 12 j
FACILITY C (Compartment No. 23)
Summary of Results
1 2u; ; 3 4 Average
12/1/65 12/1/65 12/1/65 12/1/65
60 60 60 53 58.3
275 275 275 275 275
Baghouse Inlet Flow Rate - SCFM 499,400 509,600 519,800 530,000 514,700
Stack Effluent
Flow rate - ACFM - - _
Flow rate - DSCFM
Temperature - ฐF
Water vapor - Vol. %
C02 - Vol. % dry
02 - Vol. % dry
CO - Vol. % dry
Visible Emissions - % opacity
Particulate Emissions
Probe and thimble.catch
gr/SCF (3)
gr/ACF
Ib/hr (4)
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
130
130
130
130
130
,0.0015
0.0013
6.42
0.023
0.032
0.0020 0.0017
0.0017 0.0015
8,74 7.57
0.028
0.0031
0.0028
14.1
0.051
0.0.021
0.0018
9.21
0.034
(1) A hot:scarfing machine was operating-.for 10 minutes during.run No. 2.
(2) Gas flow measurements were made simultaneously with the particle concentration
measurements. [
(3) Not corrected for water content- of gas stream.
(4) Calculated as the product of the total baghouse inlet flow rate and the
outlet particulate concentration.
Reference 3.
21
-------
Date:
Type of Plant:
Type of Discharge:
Location of Discharge:
Table 13
FACILITY C
SUMMARY OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
11/10/72
Electric Arc Furnace Shop
Monitor Distance from Observer to Discharge Point: HOOO ft.
Roof of Shop^ Height of Observation Point: Ground level
Height of Point of Discharge: -100 ft.
Description of Background: sky
Direction of Observer from Discharge Point: West
Description of Sky:
Partly overcast
Wind Direction:
Color of Plume: white
Interference of Steam Plume: No
Duration of Observation: 64 min.
Wind Velocity:
Detached Plume:
Calm
No
mi/hr
Summary of Data:
Opacity,
Percent
Total Time Equal to or Greater
Than Given Opacity
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Min.
7
4
0
0
0
Sec.
0
30
30
30
0
Opacity,
Percent
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
Sketch Showing How Opacity Varied With Time:(2)
IS
JL
Total Time Equal to or Greater
Than Given Opacity
Min. Sec.
10
20
30
40
50
60
0),
' TIME, min -'
'Ho opacitias above 5 percent were observed from the. baghou'se.
^Emissions correspond to periods when louvers in the monitor were open.
Reference 4.
22
-------
Table 14 |
FACILITY ;,D (CO Measurements)
Summary of Results
Run Number
Date
Test Time - Minutes
Furnace Capacity - tons
Furnace Effluent ,,
Average Flow rate - ACFM1 '
Average Flow rate - DSCFM
Average Temperature ฐp '
Water Vapor - Vol. %' (estimate)
C0ฃ - Vol. % dry
02 - Vol. % dry
CO - Vol. % dry (Orsat)
. (3)
Carbon Monoxide Emissions
Average ppm (by volume)
lb/hr. f4^,
lu/ton of steel produced
lb/hr.-per ton of furnace
capacity
Carbon Monoxide Emissions^5'
Average ppm (by volume)
1
12/19/72
215
165
53,600
0.96
3.2
18.6
0
95.6
21.5
O.b2
O.,13
159
34.5
0.21
2
12/19/72 '
190
165
3 0)
2/19/72
165
165
50,000 47,400
0..96
2.0
18.9
0
147
. 31.4
0.69
0.19
276
58.5
: 0.35
0.96
2.4
18.9
0
349
51.2
1.07
0.31
506
75.3
0^46
Average
-
190
165
50,300
0.96
2
18
5
8
0
197
34.
'0.
7
76
0.21
314 '
48.
0.
0
34
Ib/hr per ton of furnace capacity
(1) Control system fan was off for about TO minutes.
(2) Not Calculated.
(3) Based on entire test period. .1 .
(4) Calculated as a summation of the products of average flow and average
concentration for 5 minute intervals.
(5) Based on the first 90 minutes of the test, excluding time when the furnace
roof was open, or the DSE Astern was not operated. !
Reference 5. ;
23
-------
Table 15
FACILITY E (CO Measurements)
Summary of Results
Run Number
Date
Test Time - Minutes
Furnace Capacity - Tons
Furnace Effluent
Average Flow rate - ACFM^ '
Average Flow rate - DSCFM
Average Temperature - ฐF"^
Water vapor - Vol. % (estimate)
C02 - Vol. % dry
02 - Vol. % dry
CO - Vol % dry (Orsat)
Carbon Monoxide Emissions (3)
Average ppm (by volume)
Ib/hr. (4)
Ib/ton of steel produced
Ib/br. per ton of furnace
capacity
(5)
Carbon Monoxide Emissions'^ '
Average ppm (by volume)
Ib/hr
1
12/15/72
145
150
-
56,500
-
8.6
2.7
17.4
0
477
87.0
1.39
0.58
765
117.0
2
12/16/72
160
150
-
29,800
-
8.6
3.6(2)
17.4(2)
0
596
75.0
1.20
0.50
827
103.5
3
12/36/72
155
150
. -
31,100
'
8.6
3.6(2)
17.4(2)
0
259
34.5
0.54
0.23
354
52.5
Average
-
153
150
'
39,100
-
8.6
3.3
17.4
0
444
65.5
1.04
0.44
649
91.0
Ib/hr per ton of furnace
capaci ty
0.78
0.69
0.35
u.61
!u not caicuiauea. .,.
2) From Orsat analysis of bag sample collected during both the second and third
test runs.
(3) Based on entire test period.
(4) Calculated as a summation of the products of average flow and average
concentration for 5 minute intervals.
(5) Based on the first 90 minutes of the test, excluding time when the furnace
roof was open, or the DSE system was not operated.
Reference 6.
-------
Table 16
FACILITY 6
SUMMARY OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
'Date:
jType of Plant:
11/9/72
Electric Arc Furnace
[Type of Discharge: Monitor
[Location of Discharge: Top of Canopy Hood
[Height of Point of Discharge: -150 f|?house ^
[Description of Background: Sky
i
i
[Description of Sky:
! ' ' , ' 'i
l
Wind Direction:
jColor of Plume:
Overcast, light rain
-ป r . "? >'
South
Brown
Shop
Distance from Observer to Discharge Point: ->800 ft.
Height of Observation Point: Ground level
Direction of Observer from Discharge Point: East
Wind Velocity: 10
Detached Plume: No
:-', . y -- = -. -... . ;'
15 mi/hr
Interference of Steam Plume: NO
i
Duration of Observation:
|
Summary of Data:
; Opacity, Total
Percent
1 ' 5
1 10
1 15
I : 20
t 25
; so
! ,35
i 40
45
50
60 rain.
Time Equal to or Greater
Than Given Opacity
Min. Sec.
1 15
1 ' , - 10
1 10
1 . , 10
1 > - ' * ' \ 10
1 ^-'5
0 45
0 ' 40
0 20
0 20
Opacity, Total Time Equal to or Greater
Percent Than Given Ooacitv
55
60
65
70
: " 75
80
85
90
95
100
TrH Sec :
0- 10
01 n
10
0 10
0 10
3 .5 '
0.-,
0
"" ~
"_ ~ '
Sketch Showing How Opacity Varied With Time:
80
60
40
20
10
20
30 40
TIME, minutes
50
i 60
eva'cuationbsystemSSlฐnS "^ ฐbserved from the shฐP building or the baghouse for the direct shell
Reference 4.
25
-------
Table 17
FACILITY I (Baghouse No. 1 Inlet)'
Summary of Results
Run Number
Date
Test Time - Minutes
Total Furnace Capacity - tons
Shop Effluent
Flow rate - ACFM
Flow rate - DSCFH
Flow rate - DSCFM/ton of
furnace capacity
Temperature - ฐF
Water vapor - Vol. %
COa - Vol. % dry
02 - Vol. % dry
CO - Vol. % dry
Visible Emissions - % opacity
Parti oilate Emissions
Probe and filter catch
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
Ib/hr
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
Total catch
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
Ib/hr
Ib/hr per tori of
furnace capacity
1
12/15/72
105
425
359,408
356,423
S3&.7
.116
0.8300
0.31
18.90
.0
0.1120
0.1019
3-13.98
0.739
0.1133
0.1032
317,80
2
3
Average
12/18/72-~ 12/18/72
118
425
359,381
327,227
. 769-. 9
116
0.8124
0.30
19.00
0
0.0754
0.0687
211.44
0.497
0.0780
0.0710
218.65
112
425
359, otb
327,317
770.2
116-
0.7750
0.31
Iff .00
0
Ov0515
0.0469
144.42
0.340
0.0530
0.0483
148.69
111.7
425
359,378
336,990
792.9
116
0.8058
0-307
18.97
0
0.0796
,0.0725
223.28
0.525
0.0814
0.0757
228.38
0.748
0.514
0.350
0.537
(1) Three baghoiises are used to control this shop,. Baghouses 1.and 2 are
in a -common- s-tpuctuce ahd. both exhaust-through one set of stacks.
Reference 7.
26
-------
Table 18
FACILITY I (Baghouse No. 2
Summary of Results
Run Number
Date
Test Time - Minutes
Total Furnace Capacity - tons
Shop Effluent
Flow rate - ACFM
Flow rate - DSCFM
Flow rate - DSCFM/ton of
furnace capacity
Temperature - ฐF
Water, vapor - Vol. %
C02.- Vol. % dry
02 - Vol. % dry
CO - Vol. % dry
Visible Emissions - % opacity
Particulate Emissions
Probe and filter catch
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
Ib/hr
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
Total catch
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
Ib/hr
Ib/hr .per ton of
furnace capacity
, i
12/15/72
96
425
556,308
512,267
205.3
109
0:9089
C
0.31
18.80
0.
1.0155
0.0142
0
0
67.93
0.160
.0170,
.0156,
74.47
2
12/18/72 '
110
425
3
2/18/72
110
.J;^-:-:V-
425
555,933 555,943
512,942 . 513,165
1206.9 1
109
0.7113 0
0.32
19.20
o
0.0335
0.0309
147.23
0.346
0.0346
0,0319
,152.12
207.4
109
.6702
0.31
19.10
0
0.0340
0.0314
149.54
6.352
0.0353
0.0326
155,32
Average
-
105 3
A^er, -,;*; ?.
425
556,061,
512,791
1206.6
109
0.7635,
0.313
19.03
0
0.0277
0.0255
1.21.57
.0.286
0.0290
0.0276
127.30
0.175
0.358
(1) Three baghouses are used to control this shop.
m a common structure-atid-both--exhaust through
Reference 7.
0.365
0.299
Baghouses 1 and 2 are
one set of stacks.
27
-------
Table 19
FACILITY I (^aghouse No. 3 Inlet)
Summary of Results
Run Number
Date
Test Time - Minutes
Total Furnace Capacity r tons
Shop Effluent
r'low rate - ACFM
Flow rate - DSCFH
Flow rate - DSCFM/ton of
furnace capacity
Temperature - ฐF
Water, vapor - Vol. %
COa - Vol. % dry
02 - Vol . % dry
CO - Vol. % dry
Visible Emissions - % opacity
Parti oil ate Emissions
Probe and filter catch
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
Ib/hr
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
Total catch :
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
Ib/hr
Ib/hr per tori of
furnace capacity
1 .
12/T3/73
133
42b
570,482
529,390
1245.*6
lew
iron?
0.3?
19.70
0
-
Q.-0569-
0:0528
258.30
0.608
0.052T
0.0530
259.18
0.610
2
12/13/73
TOO
425
570.340
52a,925
1246.9
104
0.8900
0.35
19.60
-.0
-
0.0683
0.0635
310.29
0.730
0.0695
0..0646
315.82
0.743
(1) Three baghouses are used to control this shop.
in a common, structure and both exhaust through
Reference 7.
28
3
12/14/72'
100
425
572,584
532,589
1253.2
104
0.9170
0.30
19;80
0
-
0.0463
0.0"430 '
211.23-
0.497
0.0467-
'0.0434
213,06
0.501
Baghouses
one set of
Average
-
ill
425
571 ,1 35
530,635
1248.6
104
0.9406
0.323
19. /O
0
-
0,0572
0.0531
259.94
0,612
0.0578
0,0537
'262.69
0.618
1 and 2 are
stacks .
-------
.Table 20
FACILITY I (Overall Inlet Data)
Summary of Results
T
425
1,486,198
1,398,082'
3289.6
425
1,485,654
1,370,094
.3223.8
425
1,487,87S
1,373,071
32130.8
Average
425
1,486,575
3248.0
Run Number^)
Date
Test Time - Minutes
Total Furnace Capacity r tons
Shop Effluent
Flow rate - ACFM
Flow rate - DSCFM
Flow rate - DSCFM/ton of
furnace capacity
Temperature - ฐF
Water vapor - Vol. %
C02 - Vol. % dry
02 - Vol. % dry *
CO - Vol. % dry
Visible. Emissions - % opacity
Particulate Emissions
Probe and .filter catch
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
Total lb/hr
Total Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
Total catch
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
Total lb/hr
Total Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
(1) Overall inlet data were calculated using data from the corresponding test
""" * u baghouse inlet even though tests, were not actually run
640.21
1.51
668.96
1.57
505.19
604.79
1.42
651.45
1.53
686.59
1.62 .
517.07
"
1.22
618.37
1.46
Reference 7.
29
-------
Table 21 '
FACILITY I (Baghouse No.'s ,1 and 2 Outlet^
Summary of Results
(1)
Run Number
Date
Test Time-minutes
Bagnouse Section No.
Total Furnace Capacity - tons
Baghouse Inlet Flow Rate - DSCFM'
Stack Effluent
Flow rate - ACFH
Flow rate - DSCFM
Temperature - ฐF
Water vapor - Vol. %
C02 - Vol. % dry
02 - Vol. % dry
CO - Vol. % dry
Visible Emissions - % opacity
Particulate Emissions
Probe and filter catch
gr/DSCF
9ปVACF
Ib/hr ^ '
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
Total Catch
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
Ib/hr
(3)
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
1
12/15/72
120
425
868,692
86,952
80,809
105
0.9274
0.30.
19.20
0,
2
12-/W72'
97
6
425
840,169
85,568
78,818
no
0.936&
0.27
19. -40
0
3
12/18/72
96
10
425
840,482
93,316
85,848
no
1.0605
0.29
19.30
0
Average.
, - .
'. ' 104.3
425
849,781
88,612
. 81 ,825
108.3
0.9748
0.287
19.30
0
0.0016
0.0015
11.91
0.0019
0.0017
13.68
0.0009
0.0008
6.48
0.0015
0,0013
10.93
U.028
O.OS'I
0.032
.0.068
0.015
0.046
0.026
0.0046
0.0042
34.25
0.0040
0.0037
28.81
0.0027
0.0025
19. '45
0.0038
0; 00-31
27.68
0.065
(1) Three baghouses .are used to.control this shop. Baghouses 1 and.2 are in a
common structure and both exhaust through one set of stacks.
(2)' Calculated as product of front half grain loading and total baghouse inlet flow.
(3) Calculated as.pmdiLCJLof total catch grain loading and total baghouse inlet flow.
Reference 7.
30
-------
Table 22
FACILITY I (Baghouse No. 3 Outlet)
Summary of Results
(1)
Run Number
Baghouse Section No.'s
Date ,-,.- ;
Test Time-minutes
Total Furnace Capacity - tons
Baghouse Inlet Flow Rate - DSCFM
Stack Effluent
Flow rate - ACFM
Flow rate - DSCFM
Temperature - ฐF
Water vapor - Vol.. % .
C02 - Vol. % dry
02 - Vol . % dry
CO - Vol. % dry
Visible Emissions - % opacity
Particulate Emissions
Probe and filter catch
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
Ib/hr (2).
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
total Catch
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
Ib/hr (3)
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
13 & 14
12/13/72
133
425
529,390
77,884
73,1.19-
100
0.8049
0..-30.
20.00
0
-
0.0002
0.0002
0.91
0.002
r
0.0008
0.0007
3.63 ,
0.009
774 8
12/13/72
120
425
529,925
92,805
86 ,853
100
1.1153
0.30
20-. 00
0
-
0.0003
0.0003
1.36
0.003
0.0009
0.0008
4.09
0.010
1 13&
; r 12/14/J^
' 128
', 425
1 532,589
^
86,279
80,776
.
100
1.0795
0.30
20.00
i ' o '
i . .
0.0002
, 0.0002
j 0.91
i
0,002
0.0008 -
0.0008
3.65
1
; 0.009
Average
".: ' ? _ * r' > ' ^
127.0
'425
B30.635
85,656
80,249
100
0.9999
0.30
20.00
0
0.0002
0.0002
0.91
.0.002
0.0008
0.0008
3.64
0.009
-1-) ,Ihree baghpuses are .used, to cbntrbl.thi.s sho^. \ ,
2) Calculated as product of front- ha-lฃ grain loading and total baghouse inlet flow.
31) Calculated as product of total catch grain loading arid tofal baghouse inlet flow.
Reference 7.
31
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Table 23
FACILITY I (Overall Outlet Data)
Summa'ry of Results
Run Number
Date
Test Time-minutes
Total Furnace Capacity - tons
Baghouse Inlet Flow Rate - DSCFM
Stack Effluent
Flow rate - ACFM
Flow rate - DSCFM
425
,1,398,082
425
1,370,0?4
.425
1,373,071
Average
425
1,'380,416
Temperature - ฐF
Water vapor - Vol. %
C02 - Vol. % dry
02 - Vol. % dry
CO - Vol. % dry
Visible Emissions - % opacity
Particulate Emissions
Probe and filter catch
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
Ib/hr
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
Total Catch
gr/DSCF
gp/ACF
Ib/hr
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
12.82
0,1030
37.88
0..089
,o
15.04
0.035
32 90
0:-077
. 39
-0.017
.11.75
0.027
23.10 3 31.29
6.054 0.073
(1) Overall inle't data were calculated using data from the corresponding test run
for each baghouse outlet'evert" though tests were not actually run simultaneously.
Reference 7.
32
-------
Run Number
Date
Test Time - Minutes
Total Furnace Capacity - tons
Shop Effluent
Flow rate - ACFM
Flow rate - DSCFM
Flow rate - DSCFM/ton of
furnace capacity
Temperature - ฐF
Water, vapor - Vol. %
COg - Vol. % dry
.02 .- Vol. % dry
CO - Vol. % dry
Visible Emissions - % opacity
Particulate Emissions
Probe and filter catch
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
Ib/hr
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
Total catch
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
Ib/hr
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity.
Table 24
FACILITY J (Baghouse Inlet)
Summary of Results
1
12/12/72
133
50
224,001
209,560
41.90
100
0.915
0.23
19'. 70
0
0.0182
0.0170
32.63
0.653
0.01.88
0.0176.
33.85
2 3
12/12/72 12/U/72
130 139"
50
223,981
209,472
4190
100
50
224,108
209,050
4180
100
0.948 1.20
0.2.1 0.2'3
20.00 19.80
. 0
0..0179
0.0168
32.20
0.644
0.0184
0..0172
. 33.08
'0 .
0.0393
0.0367
7.0.45
1.41
0,0399
0.0373
71.57
Average-
, ''- f ,L .' . '
134
,50
224,030
209,360
4187
100
1.02
0.22
19'. 83
0
0.0251
0.0235
45,09
0.902
0.0257
0.0240
46.17
0.677
0.662
1.43
0.923
Reference 7.
33
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_ Table 25
FACILITY J (Baghouse Exhaust)
Summary of Results
^anghteeiection No.
Date
Test Time-minutes
Total Furnace Capacity - tons
Baghouse Inlet Flow Rate - DSCFM
Stack Effluent
Flow rate - ACFM
Flow rate - DSCFM
Temperature - ฐF
Water vapor - Vol. %
C02 - Vol. % dry
02 - Vol. % dry
CO - Vol. % dry
Visible Emissions - % opacity
Particulate Emissions
Probe and filter catch
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
Ib/hr
(1)
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
Total Catch
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
iV
12/12/72.
120
50
209,560
16,583
15..774
91
1.11
0.22
19.80
0
12/12/72 '"
120
50
209 ,472
1.7,732
16,821
91
1.38
0.20
20.00 "-'
-/:Q- ,' -
3
12)12/72
. 50
209,050
16,738
* 15, 896
91
1.27
0.2.
19.90
0
Average
120
50
209,360
17,018
16,164
91
1.25
0.21
19.90
0
0.0003
0.0002
0.539 '
0.0009
0.0008
1.62
0.0001
0.0001
0.179
0.0004
0.0004
0.779
0.011
0.047
0.032
0.050
.0.004,
0.090
0.016
0.0013 "'
0.0013
2.34 "
0.0014
0.0014
2.'51
070025
0.0024
4.48
0.0017
Q..O.QU:
3.11
0.062
(1) Calculated as product of frortt half grain loading and total baghouse .inlet flow.
(2) " Calculated as product of total catch grain loading and total baghouse inlet flow.
Reference 7.
34
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Table 26
FACILITY M
Summary of Results
Run Number
Date
Test Time-minutes
Total Furnace Capacity - tons
Stack Effluent -.;;-.
Flow rate - ACFM
Flow rate - DSCFM
Flow rate - DSCMF/ton of
furnace capacity
Temperature- ฐF
Water vapor - Vol.%
C02 - Vol.% dry
02 - Vol.% dry
CO - Vol.% dry --
Visible Emissions - % opacity
Particulate Emissions
8/28/73
240
no
154,650
129,800
1,180
107
3.16
2(2)
9/6/73
192
224
244,500
220,400
984
118
2.13
Total Calculated
Particulate Emissions
224
(3)
480,000
2,143
Probe and Filter Catch
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
Ib/hr
Ib/hr per ton of
furnace capacity
Iota! Catch
gr/DSCF
gr/ACF
Ib/hr
Ib/hr per ton of
0.0026
0.0022
2.87
0.026
0.0067
0.0056 '
7.52
0.068
0.0073 I 0.0047^
0.0066 .
13.8 : 19.5(3)
0.061 ! 0.087
_,.--
,r
0.0096 ', 0.0080,'
0.0086 - '.'
18.1 ! 33.1 ^
0.081 '0.148
furnace capacity
(1) Test of one of two identical baghouses, each serving a direct shell evacuation
system on one -furnace only.. , , .
(2) Test of a baghouse serving canopy hoods collecting charging and tapping emissions
from three furnaces, only two of which'were in operation at the time.
(3) Calculated'as the sum of twice the corresponding value from column 1 (since
there are two direct shell baghouses) and the corresponding value from column 2.
2 x
(4) Calculated as
from column 1 and B
Reference 8.
* 22ฐ'4Qฐ X B
where A = paiculate loading
particulate loading from column 2.
35
-------
Table 27
FACILITY M
SUMMARY OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
Date:
Type of Plant:
Type of Discharge:
Location of Discharge:
Height of Point of Discharge:
Description of Background:
Description of Sky:
Wind Direction:
Color of Plume:
Interference of Steam Plume:
Duration of Observation:
Morning: 175 yd
Afternoon:
2/5/74 and 2/6/74
Electric Arc Furnace Shop
Monitor Distance from Observer to Discharge Point: 350 yds.
Shop Roof Above ,m Height of Observation Point: --SO ft.
r Furnace v''
-80 ft.
Sky in the morning;
Brown field in the afternoon.
Clear on 2/5, Overcast on 2/6
Direction of Observer from. Discharge Point: Southwest
Northwest on 2/5
Varied - white and
orown-red
No
10 hrs., 58 min.
Wind Velocity:
Detached Plume:
2/5:
2/6:
No
5-20
calm
mi/hr
Summary of Data:
Opacity,
Percent
(2)
Total Time Equal to or Greater
Than Given Opacity
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
M1n.
37
31
24
17
12
8
7
6
5
5
Sec.
0
15
45
0
0
45
0
0
45
15
Opacity,
Percent
55
60
65
72
7&
80
85
90
ฃง
100
total Time EquaT to or Greater
Than'Given Opacity
Min.
4
2
0
0
0
Sec.
0
0
45
30
0
Sketch. Showing How Opacity Varied With Time:
7 89 10
.(2)
g
s
100
T
T
L
ll
I
(1)
jlL
2 3 4 5 6 7
TIME, hours
ito visible emissions were observed from the baghouse serving furnaces A and B during two hours of
observation 0,1 2/5/74.
^'Higner values of two observers reading simultaneously.
Reference 9.
38
-------
Table 28
FACILITY M
SUMMARY OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS
Date:
Type of Plant:
Type of Discharge:
Location of Discharge:
Height of Point of Discharge:
Description of Background:
Description of Sky:
Wind Direction:
Color of Plume:
Interference of Steam Plume:
Duration of Observation:
Summary of Data:
Opacity,
Percent
.(2)
2/5/74 and 2/6/74 - Morning:
Electric Arc Furnace Shop . Afternoon':
Monitor Distance from Observer to Discharge Point: 350 yds.
Shop Roof Above Height of Observation Point: ~->30 ft.
Furnace B*'/
ซ80 ft. Direction of Observer from Discharge Point: Southwest
Sky in the morning;
Brown field in the
afternoon.
Clear on 2/5, Overcast on 2/6
Northwest on 2/5
White or bos-own-red
No
10 hrs., 58 min.
Wind Velocity:
Detached Plume:
Total Time Equal to or Greater
Than Given Opacity
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Min.
64
51
33
25
19
15
13
. 12
10
8
Sec.
15
45
45
15
30
45
15
0
30
45
Opacity,
Percent
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
2/5:
5-20
calm
mi/hr
Total Time Equal to or Greater
Than Given Opacity
'M.in. Sec
45
0
30
45
30
15
0
Sketch Showing How Opacity Varied With Time:
100
50
.(2)
,ง 100
50 -
1 11 1 1
1 . 1 LI 1
1 fc In iV n h Ik
1 1 1 1 1
01 2 3 4 5
TIME, hours'.
-
Ill"
1
6 7
[ w vioiui^ dm 03 i Una
observation on 2/5/74.
serving furnaces A and B during two hours of
i
! Higher values of two observers reading simultaneously
JReference 9.
37
-------
REFERENCES
1. "Source Testing Report - [Plant A]", prepared for EPA by Roy F.
Weston, Inc., Contract No. 68-02-0240, January, 1974. EMB Test No.
73-ELC-l.
2. "Inlet and Outlet Dust Concentration on Baghouse Filter System at
[Plant B]," December 23, 1970. Submitted by the Assistant Vice
President, Engineering and Construction, for Plant B, October 10, 1972.
3. "Test Conducted at [Plant C]," Local Control Agency Test Report,
February 28, 1966. Submitted by the owner of Plant C on March 21, 1973.
4. Seiffert, Randy D., EPA, "Trip Report for Plant Visits to [Facilities
C and 6]," March 23, 1974.
5. Pfaff, Roger 0., EPA, "Emission Testing Report" for tests conducted
at Plant D on December 19, 1972. EMB Test No. 73-ELC-3.
6. Pfaff, Roger 0., EPA, "Emission Testing Report" for tests conducted
at Plant E on December 15-16, 1972, EMB Test No. 73-ELC-2.
7. "Performance Evaluation of the Baghouses Installed [at Plants I and
J]," December 1, 1972. Submitted by the owner of Plants I and J.
8. "Parti oil ate Emission Tests for [Plant M] - Electric Melt Shop, Direct
Shell Tap Fume Control System and Canopy Evacuation System,"
September 28, 1973. Submitted by the vendor of the control system
on March 15, 1974.
38
-------
9. Trenholm, Andrew R., EPA, "Trip Report for Tests of Visible Emissions
I at [Facility MJ," May 20, 1974. ;
39
-------
it'f +
-------
TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)
1. REPORT NO.
EPA-450/2-74-005b
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
Background Information for
Electric Arc Furnaces in t
Volume 2, Summary of Test
7. AUTHOR'(S)
2. 3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSIOWNO.
5. REPORT DATE
Standards of performance October 1974
he Steel Industry 6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
Data
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS 10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards n. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
Research- Trianglel;Park, N.C. 27711
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS 13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
16. ABSTRACT
This volume is the second
arc furnaces in the steel
facilities.
17.
a. DESCRIPTORS
Air pollution
Pollution control
Steel industry
Electric arc furnaces
Standards of performance
Steel making
13. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
Unlimited
in a series on the standard of performance for electric
industry. This volume summarizes test data from such
KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
b.lDENTIFIERS/OPEN. ENDED TERMS C. COSATI Field/Group
Air pollution control
19. SECURITY CLASS (This Report) 21. NO. OF PAGES
Unclassified '' 48
20. SECURITY CLASS (This page) 22. PRICE
Unclassified
EPA Form 2220-1 (9-73)
U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1974 - 640-877/628 - Region 4
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