Summary of Continuous Emissions Data from Seven Source Categories Producing or Using Hazardous Organic Compounds


                                           EPA-450/3-87-020
Summary of Continuous Emissions Data from
 Seven Source Categories Producing  or Using
        Hazardous Organic Compounds
                Emission Standards and Engineering Division
                U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                    Office of Air and Radiation
                Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
                   Research Triangle Park NC 27711

                       October 1987

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This report has been reviewed by the Emission Standards and Engineering Division of the Office of Air Quality
Planning and Standards, EPA, and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products is
not intended to constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Copies of this report are available through
the Library Services Office (MD-35), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park NC 27711,
or from National Technical Information Services, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield VA 22161.

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                               TABLE OF CONTENTS


Chapter                                                                   Page

  1.0   INTRODUCTION	1-1
        1.1  Objective	1-1
        1.2  Data Sources	1-1
             1.2.1  Recent Source Category Concurrence Investigations .  . 1-1
             1.2.2  Other NESHAP and Source Assessment Activities .... 1-2
             1.2.3  Air Oxidation NSPS	1-4
             1.2.4  Organic Chemical Manufacturing. Volumes 6-10	1-4
        1.3  Approach	1-4

  2.0   PRODUCTION PROCESSES	2-1
        2.1  Description of Data Sources	2-1
             2.1.1  Source Category Concurrence Investigations	2-1
                    2.1.1.1  Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Production 	 2-1
                 •   2.1.1.2  Butadiene Production  	 2-3
                    2.1.1.3  Ethylene Dichloride	2-3
                    2.1.1.4  Ethylene Oxide Production	2-4
             2.1.2  Section 114 Responses and Trip reports from
                    other NESHAP or Source Assessment Activities	2-4
                    2.1.2.1  Benzene Production 	 2-4
                    2.1.2.2  Ethylbenzene/Styrene  Production	2-4
                    2.1.2.3  Acrylonitrile Production 	 2-5
             2.1.3  Air Oxidation Production Processes	2-5
             2.1.4  Organic Chemical Manufacturing. Volumes 6-10	2-6
        2.2  Emissions Summary	2-6
        2.3  Other Emission Parameters	2-11

  3.0   POLYMERIZATION PROCESSES	3-1
        3.1  Description of Data- Sources	3-1
        3.2  Summary of Emissions from Polymerization Processes 	 3-2
        3.3  Other Emission Parameters	3-7

  4.0   CHEMICAL PROCESS USE OF SOLVENTS	4-1
        4.1  Description of Data Sources	4-1
             4.1.1  Chlorine Production 	 4-1
             4.1.2  Chlorinated Compound Users	4-2
        4.2  Summary of Emissions from Solvents Used in Chemical
             Processes	4-2
        4.3  Other Emission Parameters	4-7

  5.0   CHEMICAL PROCESS USE OF REACTANTS	5-1
        5.1  Description of Data Sources	5-1
             5.1.1  CFC Production	5-1
             5.1.2  Miscellaneous Butadiene .... 	 5-2
             5.1.3  Chlorinated Compound Users	5-2
             5.1.4  Miscellaneous Vinyl  Chloride	5-3
             5.1.5  Organic Chemical Manufacturing Data 	 5-3

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                               TABLE OF CONTENTS
                                  (continued)

Chapter                                                                   Page

  5.0   CHEMICAL PROCESS USE OF REACTANTS (cont'd.)
        5.2  Summary of Emissions from Reactants Used in Chemical
             Processes	5-4
        5.3  Other Emission Parameters	5-9

  6.0   BLOWING AGENTS	6-1
        6.1  Description of Data Sources	6-1
        6.2  Summary of Emissions from Blowing Agents 	 6-1
        6.3  Other Emission Parameters	6-5

  7.0*  PESTICIDES PRODUCTION 	 7-1
        7.1  Description of Data Sources	7-1
        7.2  Emissions Summary	7-1
        7.3  Other Emission Parameters	7-6

  8.0   PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTION	8-1
        8.1  Summary of Emissions from Pharmaceutical Production	8-1
        8.2  Other Emission Parameters	8-5


Appendix A:  Production Processes                                         A-l

Appendix B:  Polymerization Processes                                     B-l

Appendix C:  Chemical Process Use of Solvents                             C-l

Appendix D:  Chemical Process Use of Reactants                            D-l

Appendix E:  Blowing Agents                                               E-l

Appendix F:  Pesticides Production                                        F-l

Appendix G:  Pharmaceutical Production                                    G-l

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                                LIST OF FIGURES
Figure                                                                    Page
 2-1    Cumulative Percent of Emission Factors for Production Processes . 2-9
 3-1    Cumulative Percent of Emission Factors for Polymerization
           Process Vents	3-6
 4-1    Cumulative Percent of Emission Factors for Chemical Process
           Use of Solvents	4-5
 5-1    Cumulative Percent of Emission Factors for Chemical Process
           Use of Reactants	5-6
 6-1    Cumulative Percent of Emission Factors for Blowing Agent
           Process Vents	6-4
 7-1    Cumulative Percent of Emission Factors for Pesticide Production . 7-4
 8-1    Cumulative Percent of Emission Factors for Pharmaceutical
           Process Vents	8-4

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                                 LIST OF TABLES

Table                                                                     Page
 1-1    Recent Source Category Concurrence Investigations For
           Potentially Hazardous Air Pollutants (PHAPs) 	 1-3
 1-2    Source Categories Included in This Data Summary 	 1-5
 2-1    Data Sources for Emissions From Production Processes	2-2
 2-2    Emissions Summary for Production Processes	2-7
 2-3    Summary of Emission Parameters for Production Processes 	 2-12
 3-1    Summary of Emission Data Sources for Polymerization 	 3-3
 3-2    Summary of Emissions for Polymerization Processes 	 3-4
 3-3    Summary of Emission Parameters for Polymerization Processes .  .  . 3-8
 4-1    Summary of Emissions Data for Chemical Process Use of Solvents.  . 4-3
 4-2    Summary of Emission Parameters for Chemical  Process Use
           of Solvents	4-8
 5-1    Summary of Emissions Data for Chemical Process Use of Reactants  . 5-5
 5-2    Summary of Emission Parameters for Chemical  Process Use of
           Reactants	  . 5-10
 6-1    Summary of Emissions for Blowing Agents 	 6-2
 6-2    Summary of Emission Parameters for Blowing Agents 	 6-6
 7-1    Emissions Summary for Pesticide Production	7-2
 7-2    Summary of Emission Parameters for Pesticide Production 	 7-7
 8-1    Summary of Emissions Data for Pharmaceutical Production 	 8-2
 8-2    Summary of Emission Data Parameters for Pharmaceutical
           Production	8-6
                                      IV

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                               1.0  INTRODUCTION

1.1  OBJECTIVE
     The objective of this report is to present a summary of the emissions
data that the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has obtained for recent
source assessments and other regulatory efforts.  These data provide a profile
of emissions and emission parameters for seven major source category
groupings.  This information will assist in performing preliminary source
assessments (screening studies) for potentially hazardous air pollutants
(PHAPs) for which no actual emissions data are available.  The sources of
emissions data that were used to prepare this report are discussed in the
following section.

1.2  DATA SOURCES
     Four general sources of emissions data were used for this report.   The
first type is emissions data from Section 114 questionnaire responses and trip
reports supporting recent EPA source category concurrence investigations for
PHAPs.   The second is data gathered from Section 114 questionnaires in support
of the National  Emissions Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) for
benzene storage tanks and other source assessment work.  The third source of
data is Section 114 responses received in support of the New Source
Performance Standard (NSPS) for air oxidation processes.  The fourth data
source is a series of Section 114 questionnaires and trip reports used in the
compilation of Organic Chemical Manufacturing. Volumes 6-10.  A description of
each of these four data sources follows.

1.2.1  Recent Source Category Concurrence Investigations
     EPA has gathered a substantial quantity of information in support of
recent source category concurrence investigations for eight PHAPs.  The eight
pollutants of interest are: (1) butadiene, (2) ethylene dichloride, (3)
ethylene oxide,  (4) chloroform, (5) carbon tetrachloride, (6) methylene
chloride, (7) perchloroethylene,  and (8) trichloroethylene.  Emissions data
for these eight pollutants were gathered during the period 1984 through 1986.
Investigations for these pollutants were divided into several source
                                      1-1

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categories covering production and use of the eight PHAPs.  Table 1-1 shows a
list of the source categories included in these investigations.
     In general, there are nine types of emission sources for which data are
available from these investigations.  These are: (1) process vents, (2)
equipment leaks, (3) storage, (4) handling operations, (5) equipment openings,
(6) secondary sources, (7) relief device discharges, (8) liquid spills, and
(9) accidental gaseous releases.  However, data for every emission type are
not available or necessarily applicable for every plant within a source
category or for all source categories listed in Table 1-1.
     Only emissions data supplied by facilities through questionnaire
responses or trip reports were used in this report.  In the case of equipment
leak emissions, the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI)
emission factors were used to estimate emissions for each process based on
equipment counts supplied by the facility.  Similarly, storage emissions were
calculated using AP-42 estimation methods and information on storage tanks
provided by the facilities.

1.2.2  Other NESHAP and Source Assessments Activities
     In support of other NESHAP and source assessment activities, EPA has
gathered emissions data through Section 114 responses and trip reports.  These
data come from three general sources.  The first source is data gathered from
facilities storing benzene.  These data were gathered in 1978 in support of
the Benzene storage tank NESHAP effort.  Only emissions data for storage and
handling operations are available in this data source.  The second source is
data from producers of ethylbenzene/styrene which was gathered in 1977 through
1979.  This information was also compiled in support of the benzene NESHAP.
Emission sources include process vents and storage facilities.
     The third data source is the Section 114 responses and trip reports
collected in 1978 through 1981 during work on a source assessment for
production of acrylonitrile.  These data include information on emissions from
process vents, storage, equipment leaks, secondary sources, handling
operations, and relief device discharges.
                                       1-2

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         TABLE 1-1.  RECENT SOURCE CATEGORY CONCURRENCE INVESTIGATIONS
                     FOR POTENTIALLY HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS (PHAPs)
  Potentially Hazardous      Producer/
      Air Pollutant            User
                    Source Category
1. Butadiene
Prod
2. Ethylene Dichloride

3. Ethylene Oxide
4. Chloroform
5. Carbon Tetrachloride
Prod

Prod

Prod


Prod
6. Methylene Chloride
Prod
7. Perch!oroethylene



8. Trichloroethylene
Prod
Prod
Butadiene Production
Use Styrene Butadiene Rubber Production
Use Polybutadiene Production
Use Neoprene (chloroprene) Production
Use Miscellaneous Butadiene Users

Ethylene Dichloride Production
Use Pesticide Production

Ethylene Oxide Production
Use Sterilization

Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Producers
Use Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Users
Use Chlorofluorocarbon Production

Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Producers
Use Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Users
Use Chlorofluorocarbon Production
Use Chlorine Production
Use Pesticides Production

Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Producers
Use Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Users
Use Pesticides Production
Use Pharmaceuticals Production
Use Blowing Agents

Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Producers
Use Chlorinated Hydrocarbon User
Use Chlorofluorocarbon Production
Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Producers
Use Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Users
                                       1-3

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1.2.3  Air Oxidation NSPS
     In support of development of an NSPS for air oxidation processes, EPA
gathered emissions data through Section 114 responses and trip reports.  These
data were gathered in 1975 through 1978 and cover over fifty air oxidation
processes.  The emissions data contain pollutant-specific data for process
vents (from air oxidation reactors only) located at these facilities.  In
1978, during the industry comment period, for the proposed NSPS, facilities
submitted revised average volatile organic compound (VOC) emission rates.
These data were presented in the Background Information Document (BID)
published in October 1983.  For the purposes of this study, the original
responses were analyzed to obtain the vent stream compositions which were
applied to the updated overall emission rate to obtain an estimate of the
specific pollutant emission rate.

1.2.4  Organic Chemical Manufacturing. Volumes 6-10
     The Organic Chemical Manufacturing series is a set of documents prepared
for  EPA by IT Enviroscience to characterize emissions from 39 separate
chemical processes.  In compiling these documents, IT Enviroscience gathered
emissions data through questionnaires and trip reports for 192 chemical
facilities.  These data were collected  in 1978 and cover emissions from
process vents and storage tanks.

1.3  APPROACH
     For  the purpose of this data summary, the data  from the  sources  described
above were classified  into  seven  source  category groupings according  to
similarities in  processes.  These include the following  categories:
           (1)  Chemical  Production
           (2)  Polymerization  Processes
           (3)  Chemical  Process  Use of  Solvents
           (4)  Chemical  Process  Use of  Reactants
           (5)  Blowing Agents
           (6)  Pesticide  Production
           (7)  Pharmaceutical  Production
     Table  1-2 lists  the  individual  source  categories  that are  contained in
each of these  source  category groupings.
                                       1-4

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     TABLE 1-2.  SOURCE CATEGORIES INCLUDED IN THIS DATA SUMMARY
1.   CHEMICAL PRODUCTION
      Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Production
      Butadiene Production
      Ethylene Oxide Production
      Ethylene Dichloride Production
      Benzene Production
      Ethylbenzene/Styrene Production
      Acrylonitrile Production
      Epichlorohydrin Production
      Air Oxidation Production Processes
      Organic Chemical Manufacturing Data

2. POLYMERIZATION PROCESSES
      Neoprene (chloroprene) Production
      Polybutadiene Production
      Styrene-Butadiene Rubber Production
      ABS Resin and Nitrile-Butyl Production
      Miscellaneous Butadiene Users

3. CHEMICAL PROCESS USE OF SOLVENTS
      Chlorine Production
      Chemical Plants - Chlorinated Compound Users

4. CHEMCIAL PROCESSES USE OF REACTANTS
      CFC Production
      Chemical Plants - Chlorinated Compound Users
      Miscellaneous Butadiene
      Miscellaneous Vinyl Chloride
      Organic Chemical Manufacturing Data

5. BLOWING AGENTS
      Polyurethane Foam Production

6. PESTICIDE PRODUCTION

7. PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTION
                                  1-5

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     The analysis of Section 114 data for a source category began with
retrieval of emission parameters from various EPA memoranda and, in some
cases, the actual Section 114 responses.  The emission parameters of interest
are those required for Human Exposure Modeling (HEM).  These include emission
rate, vent height, vent diameter, temperature, and velocity.  These emission
parameters were assimilated separately for each type of emission source
(i.e., process vents, equipment leaks, etc.) within a source category .
     For the purpose of this study, it was assumed that emissions from process
vents, storage, handling, secondary waste streams, and equipment openings are
a function of consumption or production of the pollutant.  An emission factor
was developed for each of these emission sources.  The emission factor was
expressed as the ratio of emissions of a specific pollutant to consumption or
production of the pollutant (kg/Mg).  A separate emission factor was
calculated for each emission source.  Consumption or production data were
extracted from the Section 114 responses when available. If this information
was not available in the response, it was obtained from literature, such as
the Directory of Chemical Producers and Mannsvilie's Chemical Product
Synopsis.  Equipment leaks, relief valve discharges, accidental gaseous
releases, and liquid spills were assumed to be independent of consumption or
production.  For these emission sources, an emission rate (kg/yr) was used
instead of an emission factor.
     Sections 2.0 through 8.0 discuss the results from the data analysis for
the seven source category groupings.  Each section contains a table showing
average values of the emissions data available.  These averages are calculated
using only non-zero emission values.  When plants did not report a particular
type of emission, or reported zero emissions, these data were not included in
calculating the average values or determining 95th-percentiles.  Another table
in each section presents averages and ranges for other emission parameters
that are important to risk modeling.  The data on an individual plant or
process basis appear in an appendix to this report for each source category
grouping.
                                       1-6

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2.0  PRODUCTION PROCESSES

     This section presents a summary of available data concerning emissions of
a pollutant from processes where the pollutant is an end product.  All
processes in this source category grouping generate emissions from production
of the pollutant.  Table 2-1 presents a summary of the sources of data used in
this section.  A brief description of each source of data is presented in
Section 2.1, and the data are summarized in Sections 2.2 and 2.3.

2.1  DESCRIPTION OF DATA SOURCES
2.1.1  Source Category Concurrence Investigations
     Data for these four source categories were gathered from responses to
Section 114 questionnaires and trip reports for the four EPA source category
concurrence investigations listed in Table 2-1.
2.1.1.1  Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Production
     This source category covers production of five chlorinated hydrocarbons;
(1) carbon tetrachloride, (2) chloroform, (3) methylene chloride, (4)
perch!oroethylene, and (5) trichloroethylene.  These chlorinated hydrocarbons
are currently produced as a product or co-product in at least eight different
production processes.  Section 114 responses reviewed during this source
category concurrence investigation cover six of these processes.
     Emissions of chlorinated hydrocarbons occur from the following sources:
process vents, equipment leaks, storage tanks, handling operations, equipment
openings, relief device discharges, secondary sources, and liquid spills.  The
data presented here were originally summarized in three memoranda documenting
the source category concurrence investigation:
     (1)  Estimates of Carbon Tetrachloride, Methylene Chloride, Chloroform,
          Trichloroethylene, and Perch!oroethylene  Emissions from Chlorinated
          Hydrocarbon Production Facilities and Emissions Reductions  Achievable with
          Additional Control, dated August 29, 1986.
     (2)  Documentation of Emission Parameters for  Carbon Tetrachloride,
          Methylene Chloride, Chloroform, Trichloroethylene, and
          Perch!oroethylene Emissions from Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Production
          Plants, dated August 25, 1986.
     (3)  Documentation of Short-term Emissions from Chlorinated Hydrocarbon
          Production, dated November 7, 1986.
                                       2-1

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TABLE 2-1.  DATA SOURCES FOR EMISSIONS FROM PRODUCTION PROCESSES
   1.   Source Category Concurrence investigations for:
             Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Production
             Butadiene Production
             Ethylene Oxide Production
             Ethylene Dichloride Production

   2.   Section 114 responses and Trip Reports from other NESHAP
        or Source Assessment Activities for facilities producing
             Benzene
             Ethylbenzene/Styrene
             Acrylonitrile

   3.   Section 114 responses and the  Background  Information
        Document  (BID)  for Air  Oxidation  Production  Processes.
    4.    Section  114  responses  and  trip  reports  that were used to
         prepare  the  Organic  Chemical  Manufacturing Volumes 6-10,
         (EPA-450/3-80-028,a-e).
                                  2-2

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     Further information concerning this source category and the specific data
sources used can be found in these three memoranda.

2.1.1.2  Butadiene Production
     This source category covers production of 1,3-butadiene, a high-volume
intermediate organic chemical used to produce various types of rubber, resins,
and plastics.  Emissions of butadiene from production processes occur from the
following sources: process vents, equipment leaks, secondary sources,
equipment openings, relief device discharges, and accidental gaseous releases.
Data summarized in this report were originally presented in two memoranda
supporting the source category concurrence investigation:
     (1)  Estimates of 1,3-Butadiene Emissions from Production Facilities and
          Emissions Reductions Achievable with Additional Controls, dated
          March 25, 1986.
     (2)  Documentation of Emission Parameters at Baseline and After Candidate
          NESHAP Controls for 1,3-Butadiene Productions Facilities, dated
          March 24, 1986.
     These memoranda document estimated emissions from process vents,
equipment leaks, and secondary sources.  Additional information concerning
this source category can be found in the documents listed above.   In addition,
Section 114 responses concerning short-term emissions from seven production
facilities were analyzed to obtain emission parameters for emissions from
equipment openings, relief device discharges, and accidental.gaseous releases.

2.1.1.3  Ethylene Dichloride Production
     Ethylene dichloride (EDC) is a chlorinated hydrocarbon used mainly as an
intermediate in the production of vinyl chloride monomer.  Emissions of EDC
may occur from the following sources: process vents, equipment leaks,
secondary sources, storage tanks, handling operations, relief valve
discharges, and accidental releases.  Emissions data presented here were
originally summarized in a memorandum titled "Estimates of Ethylene Dichloride
Emissions from Production Facilties and HEM Inputs," and is dated April 23,
1986.  This memorandum is based on 15 Section 114 responses and a trip report
for one EDC production plant.  Further information regarding the EDC
Production source category may be found in this memorandum.
                                       2-3

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2.1.1.4  Ethylene Oxide Production
     Ethylene Oxide (EO) is used mainly as an intermediate in the production
of EO derivatives such as ethylene glycol.  Reported sources of EO emissions
are:  process vents, equipment leaks, and secondary sources.  The data
summarized in this section are only from the nine nonconfidential Section 114
responses from EO production facilities.  Information claimed confidential by
any reporting facility was not available and was not included in this report.
All information for three facilities and partial information for three others
is claimed confidential.  Additional information concerning the source
category may be found in a memorandum titled "Technical Report: Ethylene Oxide
Production," dated July 30, 1986.

2.1.2  Section 114 Responses and Trio Reports from other NESHAP or Source
       Assessment Activities
     Section  114 responses and trip reports were analyzed for three  source
categories:  (1) Benzene Production,  (2)  Ethylbenzene/Styrene production,  and
(3) Acrylonitrile Production.  These data were  gathered from either  NESHAP
efforts or Source Assessment projects concerning these source categories.

2.1.2.1  Benzene Production
     EPA has  collected  emissions data from  facilities  producing  benzene  in
support of the Benzene  NESHAP  for  the storage and .hand!ing  of benzene.
Section 114  responses were reviewed  from 15 facilities producing  benzene.
These  responses  are based mainly on  operation in 1976  and  include emission
data for storage and  handling  operations only.

2.1.2.2  Ethylbenzene/Styrene  Production
     To support  a NESHAP effort  for  facilities  producing  ethylbenzene/styrene
(EBS), EPA collected  emissions data  via Section 114  responses.   Data from five
EBS facilities are  summarized  in this section.   These  responses  are  from the
years  1977-1979.  Reported emissions  sources  include process vents and  storage
facilities.
                                        2-4

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2.1.2.3  Acrylonitrile Production
     To support a Source Assessment published in 1981 for emissions of
acrylonitrile, EPA sent out Section 114 questionnaires and visited facilities
producing this chemical.  The available emissions data from the Section 114
responses and trip reports are summarized in this section.  Data were
available for six facilities.  Emission sources include: process vents,
storage, equipment leaks, handling operations, secondary sources, and relief
device discharges.

2.1.3  Air Oxidation Production Processes
     In support of an NSPS for Air Oxidation Processes, EPA received Section
114 responses from facilities using air-ox processes for chemical production.
These responses are concerned only with process vent emissions from air-ox
reactors and primary recovery.  Air oxidation reactors are defined as any
process vessel in which one or more organic reactants are combined with air,
or a combination of air and oxygen, to produce one or more organic compounds.
The emission factors developed in this report are meant to reflect total
emissions from a given process. Since emissions from air oxidation reactors
may comprise only part of the total emissions from an air-ox process, these
data points have been analyzed separately in this report.  The specific
emission factors developed from the air oxidation data represent emissions
from air oxidation reactors.
     Fifty-nine responses were analyzed for this section of the report.  Data
pertinent to the production source category were available for 22 plants
producing seven different chemicals.  The responses were analyzed to determine
the compositions of individual vent streams at the facilities.  During the
industry comment period on the proposed regulations in 1978, facilities
updated overall emission estimates, which were presented in a document titled
"Air Oxidation Processes in Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry
- Background Information for Proposed Standards," dated October 1983.  The
compositions calculated for the individual streams were applied to the updated
overall emission estimates in the above document in order to estimate the
amount of pollutant emitted.
                                       2-5

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2.1.4  Organic Chemical Manufacturing Volumes 6 through 10
     The Organic Chemical Manufacturing Volumes 6 through 10 contain emissions
data for 39 different manufacturing processes.  The Section 114 questionnaires
and trip reports that were used to characterize the 39 different chemical
processes are included in this analysis.  Emissions resulting from production
processes were extracted from 72 Section 114 responses and trip reports.  The
analysis of the Organic Chemical Manufacturing data is limited to emissions
from process vents and storage tanks because this was the only data requested.
Descriptions of the 39 different manufacturing processes and references to the
72 supporting Section  114 responses are available in the Organic Chemical
Manufacturing Volumes  6 through 10.

2.2  EMISSIONS SUMMARY
     The production source category grouping consists of data from 190
chemical processes.  Table 2-2 presents a summary of the emissions data.  The
data on a per-process  basis is presented in Table A-l of Appendix A.  The data
in Appendix A are shown totalled for each process by emission type.  For
example, the total process vent emission rate for a process with three process
vents is the sum of the emission rates  for each process vent.
     For this analysis, five of the emission types are assumed to be a
function of production rate - process vents,  storage, handling, secondary and
equipment openings.  For these emission types, the total emissions are
expressed as a ratio of emissions  of pollutant to amount of pollutant produced
by the  process.  The units of the  emission factor are kilograms of pollutant
emitted per megagram of pollutant  produced.   The remaining emission types -
equipment leaks, accidental gas releases, liquid spills, and relief device
discharges are assumed to be  independent of  production,  and are expressed as
emission rates.  The units of emission  rate  are  kilograms  of pollutant  emitted
per  year.
     Table 2-2 presents  the average,  standard deviation  and the
95th-percentile  emission  factor  (or rate) for each  emission type.   In  order  to
develop conservative emission estimates, these values  are  based only on data
supplied by  facilities that reported  non-zero emission  occurrences.  The
95th-percentile  factor is the emission  factor that  corresponds  to  the  value
for  which 95  percent of  the other  processes  reported  lower emission  factors
 (or  rates).   The 95th-percentile  emission factor provides  a  conservative
                                        2-6

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estimate for a chemical process for which no actual emissions data are
available.  Figure 2-1 shows an example of the graphical representation of
this approach.  This graph shows how the 95th-percentile emissions was
determined for process vents.  Of the 138 process vents for which emission
factors could be calculated, 95 percent of the process vents (131) have
emission factors equal to or less than 5.8 kg/Mg.  Therefore, as Figure 2-1
shows, 5.8 kg/Mg is the 95th-percentile emission factor.
     The following sections summarize the emissions data analysis for each
emission type.

Process Vent Emissions
     A total of 138 production facilities (excluding air oxidation processes)
supplied information concerning process vent emissions.  Emission factors
range from 0.0002 to 83 kg emitted per megagram produced.  The average
emission factor is 1.9 kg/Mg and the 95th-percentile factor  is 5.8 kg/Mg.
     For air oxidation processes, the 22 reporting facilites had emission
factors ranging from 0.0039 to 6.8 kg emitted per megagram produced.  The
average emission factor is 2.0 kg/Mg, and the 95th-percentile emission factor
is 6.4 kg/Mg.

Storage Emissions
     A total of 89 facilities supplied emission data for storage facilities.
Emission factors range from 0.02 to 3.1 kg emitted per Mg produced.  The
average emission factor is 0.31 kg/Mg and the 95th-percentile factor is 1.3
kg/Mg.

Equipment Opening Emissions
     Equipment opening emissions data were available from 29 facilities.
Values for emission factor range from 0.00006 to 0.1 kg emitted per Mg
produced.  The average emission factor  is 0.02  kg/Mg and the 95th-percentile
emissions factor is 0.09  kg/Mg.
                                        2-8

-------
Handling Emissions
     A total of 48 production facilities provided data concerning handling
emissions.  Emission factors ranged from 0.00006 to 2.4 kg submitted per Mg
produced.  The average emission factor for handling emissions is 0.2 kg/Mg and
the 95th-percentile factor is 1.1 kg/Mg.

Secondary Emissions
     Data for secondary emissions were available from 37 production facilities
in this source category.  Emission factors ranged from 0.00001 to 1.8 kg
emitted per Mg produced.  The average emission factor is 0.2 kg/Mg for
secondary emission sources.  The 95th-percentile factor is 1.3 kg/Mg.

Equipment Leak Emissions
     Data concerning emissions from equipment leaks were available from 71
production  facilities.  The  reported emission rates ranged from  130 kg/yr to
454,000 kg/yr.  The average  emission rate  is 63,700 kg/yr and the
95th-percentile rate is 140,000  kg/yr.

Liquid Spills
     Only 2 facilities reported  emissions  from liquid spills.  The average
emission  rate is  2,600 kg/yr.  Due to the  low number of data points, the
95th-percentile emission  rate is assumed to be the highest reported emission
rate of 5,100 kg/yr.

Emission  from Accidental  Gaseous Releases
     Three  facilities reported emissions from accidental releases of gas.  The
emission  rates range from 4.5 kg/yr to  45  kg/yr.  The average emission  rate  is
18  kg/yr.   Due to the low number of data points, the 95th-percentile rate  is
assumed to  be the highest reported rate, or 45 kg/yr.

Emissions from Relief Device Discharges
     Emissions from pressure relief discharges were reported by  12  facilities.
The emission rates range  from 0.4  kg/yr to 23,600  kg/yr.   The  average
emission  rate  is  3,600  kg/yr and the  95th-percentile  emissions  rate  is  13,000
kg/yr.
                                       2-10

-------
2.3  OTHER EMISSION PARAMETERS
     Four other emission parameters are needed to perform risk modeling.
These are (1) height of release, (2) diameter of release, (3) velocity of
release, and (4) temperature of release.  Table 2-3 summarizes the emission
parameters for each emission type.   The total number of reported data points,
as well as the average and range, for each emission parameter is provided.
For example, values for 187 process vent heights were reported by facilities
in this category.  The average process vent height is 13.0 m.  The average
process vent diameter is 0.58 m and the average process vent discharge
velocity is 12.7 m/s.  The average process vent discharge temperature is
312 K.  The data that were used to generate Table 2-3 are presented in Table
A-2 of Appendix A.
                                       2-11

-------






















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3.0  POLYMERIZATION PROCESSES
     Information on emissions resulting from polymerization processes is
summarized in this section.  The values shown are for emissions of raw
materials used in the polymerization process, not the polymerization product
itself.  The emission data are from five EPA source.category concurrence
investigations:  (1) neoprene rubber production, (2) polybutadiene production,
(3) styrene-butadiene production, (4) acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS)
resin and nitrile-butyl-rubber (NBR) production, and (5) miscellaneous
butadiene polymerization production.  These five data sources were combined
to form the general category - polymerization.  The raw material for which
emission estimates were available are butadiene and acrylonitrile.  All
facilities in this source category grouping generate emissions from poly-
merization processes.  Emissions data from 50 facilities are included in this
analysis.  A brief description of the five data sources is provided in
Section 3.1, and the emission parameters are summarized in Sections 3.2 and
3.3.
3.1  DESCRIPTION OF DATA SOURCES
     Data on polymerization processes were previously presented in the
following source category concurrence memoranda:
     (1)  Documentation of Emission Parameters at Baseline and After
          Candidate NESHAP Controls for Neoprene Production Facilities,
          dated March 17, 1986;
     (2)  Estimates of Short-Term Emissions of 1,3-Butadiene from
          Neoprene/Chloroprene Production Facilities, dated April 7, 1986;
     (3)  Documentation of Emission Parameters at Baseline and after
          Candidate NESHAP Controls for Polybutadiene Production Facilities,
          dated February 18, 1986;
     (4)  Estimates of 1,3-Butadiene Emissions from Polybutadiene Facilities
          and Emissions Reductions Achievable with Additional Controls, dated
          March 27, 1986;
     (5)  Estimates of Short-Term Emissions of 1,3-Butadiene from
          Polybutadiene Production Facilities, dated May 5, 1986;
     (6)  Documentation of 1,3-Butadiene Emission Parameters at Baseline and
          after Candidate NESHAP Controls for Styrene-Butadiene Copolymer
          Facilities, dated March 13, 1986;
                                     3-1

-------
     (7)  Estimates of 1,3-Butadiene Emissions from Styrene-Butadiene
          Copolymer Facilities and Emission Reductions Achievable with
          Additional Controls, dated April 8, 1986;
     (8)  Estimates of Acrylonitrile, Butadiene, and other VOC Emissions and
          Controls for ABS and NBR Facilities, dated January 29, 1986;
     (9)  Documentation of HEM Inputs for Butadiene Emissions Associated with
          the Miscellaneous Source Category, dated September 10, 1986; and
     (10) Estimates of 1,3-Butadiene Emissions from Miscellaneous Sources and
          Emissions Reductions Achievable with Candidate NESHAP Controls,
          dated September 26, 1986.
     The documents shown above were generated using:  (1) Section 114
questionnaire responses, (2) assessment reports of acrylonitrile emissions
prepared by GCA Corporation for ABS and NBR processes, and (3) a 1981 survey
by Energy and Environmental Analysis, Incorporated (EEA) of the acrylonitrile
industry.  Table 3-1 shows the number of facilities submitting data by the
three data sources.  These data include no estimated values.  The data
presented in this section will be used to make preliminary estimates of
emissions and emission parameters for any potentially hazardous air pollutants
that are used in the polymerization process.
3.2  SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM POLYMERIZATION PROCESSES
     Table 3-2 presents the emissions summarized by emission type for the
polymerization source category.  Table B-l in Appendix B shows emissions for
each process.  Several facilities reported certain types of emissions aggre-
gated for more than one process.  These entries are footnoted accordingly in
the appendix.  For the purposes of this study it was assumed that essentially
all of the emissions were derived from the process reported in Table B-l for
that facility.  Emissions from process vents, storage, handling operations,
secondary sources, and equipment openings are assumed to be dependent on con-
sumption and are expressed as emission factors.  Emissions from equipment
leaks and pressure relief discharges are assumed to be independent of process
size and are therefore presented as annual emission rates (kg/yr).
     Consumption rates were obtained for each facility by one of four methods.
These methods are:  (1) consumption rates given on Section 114 responses,
                                     3-2

-------
     TABLE 3-1.   SUMMARY OF EMISSION DATA SOURCES FOR POLYMERIZATION3
   Process
Number of Facilities
Submitting Section
  114 Responses
   Number of
Facilities with
GCA Report Data
  Number of
  Facilities
Providing Data
in EEA Survey
Neoprene Rubber


Polybutadiene
Styrene-Butadiene
         20
ABS Resin &
  Nitrile Butyl Rubber
     7 ABS,  6 NBR
4 ABS, 3 NBR
 7 ABS,  6 NBR
Miscellaneous Butadiene
 Number of facilities was obtained from information located in the 10
 previously mentioned memoranda in Section 3.1.
                                     3-3

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 (2) consumption rates calculated by throughput of raw butadiene and
 acrylonitrile  in storage given on the Section 114 responses or the GCA
 assessment reports,  (3) consumption rates calculated by using the process
 design information given on the Section 114 responses or the GCA assessment
 reports, and (4) consumption rates calculated using production capacities  for
 each facility.  The  fourth method involves calculating an  industry-wide ratio
 for a process  (e.g., neoprene) of total U. S. consumption  to total U. S.
 production.  From this ratio, the consumption rate for a facility can be
 estimated by multiplying this ratio by the total production capacity for each
 facility.  This method was only employed when the other three methods could
 not be applied.  Footnotes in Table B-l discuss the method used to calculate
 consumption rate for each plant.  The consumption rate of  one facility irt  the
 miscellaneous  process category was not available in the Section 114 responses.
 In addition, the consumption rate could not be estimated using the above four
 methods and is thus  indicated as "NA" in Table B-l.
     Table 3-2 presents the average and the 95th-percentile emission factor
 (by emission type) per process unit for polymerization facilities.  The
 95th-percentile number is the emission rate corresponding  to the process for
 which 95 percent of  the other processes had lower emissions.  This 95th-
 percentile emission  factor provides a conservative estimate for a
 polymerization facility for which no actual emission data  are available.
 Figure 3-1 shows an  example of the graphical representation of this approach.
 This graph shows how the 95th-percentile emission factor was determined for
 process vents.
     The following sections summarize the emission rate analysis for each
 emission type.

     Process Vent Emissions.   A total  of 50 facilities reported process vent
emissions for the five processes in this source category.   Some facilities
have more than one process vent.  For these facilities,  emissions were summed
for all  process vents.   Total  process vent emissions from the 50 facilities
ranged from 0.01 to  170 kg/Mg of consumption.   The 95th-percentile emission
factor for process vents is 61.9 kg/Mg consumption.   That is,  95 percent of
                                     3-5
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3-6
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the plant facilities in this source category have an emission factor for
process vents lower than this ratio.  The average emission factor for this
source category is 12 kg/Mg consumption.
     Storage Emissions.  Storage tank emissions were reported at 17 facilities
Total storage emissions from the 17 facilities ranged from 0 to 7.5 kg/Mg of
consumption.  The 95th-percentile emission factor for storage emissions is
1.4 kg/Mg consumption.  The average emission factor for this source category
is 1.1 kg/Mg consumption.
     Handling Emissions.  No facilities reported handling emissions.
     Equipment Opening Emissions.  Equipment opening emissions were reported
for only one facility.  The 95th-percentile emission factor for this emission
type was taken as the one value available, 0.56 kg/Mg consumption.
     Secondary Emissions.  Secondary emission sources were reported from 11
facilities.  Total secondary emissions from the 11 facilities ranged from 0
to 3.3 kg/Mg of consumption.  The 95th-percentile emission factor for this
emission type is 3.1 kg/Mg consumption.  The average emission factor is
0.87 kg/Mg consumption.
     Equipment Leak Emissions.  Equipment leak emissions were reported by 47
facilities.  Total equipment leak emissions ranged from 60 to 180,000 kg/yr.
The 95th-percentile emission rate is 95,000 kg/yr.  The average emission rate
for equipment leaks is 33,000 kg/yr.
     Pressure Relief Discharges.  Only two facilities reported emissions from
pressure relief discharges.  The emission rates were 18 and 960 kg/yr, which
results in an average emission rate of 490 kg/yr.  The 95th-percentile
emission rate is assumed to be the higher of the two emission rates.
3.3  OTHER EMISSION PARAMETERS
     Four other emission point parameters are needed to perform risk modeling.
These are: (1) height of release, (2) diameter of release, (3) velocity of
release, and (4) temperature of release.  Table 3-3 summarizes the emission
parameters for each emission type.  The total number of reported data points,
                                     3-7
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as well as the average and range, for each emission parameter is provided.
For example, values for 135 process vent heights were reported by facilities
in this category.  The average process vent height is 17 m.  The average
process vent diameter is 0.42 m, and the average process vent discharge
velocity is 9.5 m/s.  The average process vent discharge temperature is 320K,
The data that were used to generate Table 3-3 are presented in Table B-2.
                                     3-9
-------
-------
4.0  CHEMICAL PROCESS USE OF SOLVENTS
     Information on emissions resulting from the use of solvents in chemical
processes is summarized in this section.  The emissions data are based on
responses to Section 114 questionnaires which were prepared for two EPA
source category concurrence investigations - chlorine production and chemical
plant chlorinated compound users.  These two data sources were combined to
form the source category grouping, chemical process use of solvents.  All
facilities in this source category grouping generate emissions from the use
of solvents in chemical processes.  Emissions data from 19 facilities are
included in this analysis.  A brief description of each of these two data
sources is provided in Section 4.1, and the emission parameters are summarized
in Sections 4.2 and 4.3.
4.1  DESCRIPTION OF DATA SOURCES
4.1.1  Chlorine Production
     Carbon tetrachloride is used as a scrubbing agent in the chlorine
product recovery process, and as a diluent for nitrogen trichloride, an
unstable by-product of the chlorine reaction.  Twelve facilities currently
use carbon tetrachloride in the chlorine production process.  Five of the 12
facilities that produce chlorine use carbon tetrachloride only as a diluent.
Emissions data were not evaluated for this use because it was determined to
be a negligible source of carbon tetrachloride emissions.  These five facili-
ties are not included in this analysis.  The remaining seven facilities use
carbon tetrachloride as a scrubbing agent, which is a more significant source
of emissions.  Emissions data are available for six of these seven facilities,
and are included in this analysis.
     Emissions of carbon tetrachloride occur from the following sources in
chlorine product recovery:  process vents, equipment leaks, secondary waste
streams, storage tanks, handling operations, relief device discharges,
accidental releases, and equipment openings.  Emission parameters for the six
facilities are based on data presented in the memorandum, "Documentation of
Controlled Emission Parameters for Carbon Tetrachloride Emissions from
Chlorine Production Plants," dated December 20, 1985.
                                     4-1
-------
4.1.2  Chlorinated Compound Users
     The use of methylene chloride, carbon tetrachloride, and perch!oroethylene
as solvents in chemical plants were addressed in this source category investi-
gation.  Sources of chlorinated hydrocarbon emissions from use in chemical
plants include:  process vents, equipment leaks, storage tanks, handling
operations, equipment openings, relief device discharges, and secondary
sources.  Emission data for 13 facilities that use chlorinated compounds as
solvents are included in this analysis.  Four facilities from this source
category use chlorinated hydrocarbons as reactants and are included in the
chemical process use of reactants section.  Emission parameters for these 13
facilities are based on data presented in the memorandum, "Documentation of
Baseline and Controlled Emission Parameters for Emissions from Chemical
Plants - Chlorinated Compound Users," dated June 30, 1986.
4.2  SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM SOLVENTS USED IN CHEMICAL PROCESSES
     This source category grouping consists of emissions data from 19
facilities.  Table 4-1 presents the average and the 95th-percentile emission
factor (or rate) for each emission type.  The emissions data for each process
are contained in Appendix C.  The emission types reported include process
vents, storage tank vents, handling emission sources, equipment leaks,
equipment openings, secondary sources, accidental releases, and pressure
relief discharges.  For each process, a total emission rate was calculated by
emission type.  For example, the total storage vent emission rate for a
process with emissions from three storage tanks is the sum of the emission
rates for each storage tank.
     For this analysis, five of the emission types are assumed to be a
function of consumption - process vents, storage, handling, secondary, and
equipment openings.  For these emission types, the total emissions are
expressed as a ratio of emissions of  solvent to consumption of solvent.  When
the consumption rate was not provided by the facility, it was calculated from
storage throughput or solvent make-up.  The remaining emission types -
equipment leaks, accidental releases, and pressure relief discharges are
assumed to be independent of consumption, and are expressed as emission
rates.
                                     4-2
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     Table 4-1 presents the average and the 95th-percentile emission factor
(or rate) for each reported emission type.  In order to develop conservative
emission estimates, the average and 95th-percentile value are based only on
data supplied by facilities that reported non-zero emission occurrences.  For
processes that emit more than one pollutant, emission rates (or factors) were
calculated for each pollutant.  The 95th-percentile factor is the emission
factor that corresponds to the value for which 95 percent of the other
processes reported lower emission factors.  The 95th-percentile emission
factor provides a conservative estimate for a chemical process for which no
actual solvent emissions data are available.  Figure 4-1 shows an example of
the graphical representation of this approach.  This graph shows how the
95th-percentile emissions was determined for process vents.  Of the 33
process vent emission occurrences for which emission factors could be cal-
culated, 95 percent of the process vents (31) have emission factors equal to
or less than 820 kg/Mg.  Therefore, as Figure 4-1 shows, 820 kg/Mg is the
95th-percentile emission factor.
     The following sections summarize the emissions data analysis for each
emission type.
Process Vent Emissions
     Eighteen facilities reported process vent emissions data.  Due to
multiple processes and/or pollutants at some facilities, a total of 35 data
points were evaluated for this emission type.  Borden Chemical
(Norristown, PA) did not report any process vent emissions.  Emission factors
were not calculated for the Diamond Shamrock facility (Deer Park, TX) and the
Dow Chemical facility (Midland, MI - process #8), because consumption rates
were not available.  The 95th-percentile emission factor for the remaining 33
data points is 820 kg/Mg.  In other words, 95 percent of the data points (31)
in this source category have an emission factor for process vents lower than
820 kg/Mg.  The individual emission factors range from less than 1.0 to
1,000 kg/Mg.  The average emission factor for this source category is
160 kg/Mg.
                                     4-4
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Storage Emissions
     Fourteen facilities reported storage tank emissions, which represent a
total of 27 storage tank data points.  The 95th-percentile emission factor
for the 27 data points is 9.0 kg/Mg.  The individual emission factors range
from less than 1.0 to 54 kg/Mg.  The average emission factor for this source
category grouping is 3.2 kg/Mg.
Handling Emissions
     Thirteen facilities reported handling emissions, which represent a total
of 18 data points.  The 95th-percentile emission factor for the 18 data
points is 2.1*kg/Mg and the average emission factor is 0.9 kg/Mg.  The
individual emission factors range from less than 1.0 to 6.4 kg/Mg.
Equipment Opening Emissions
     Twelve facilities reported equipment openings, which represent 25 data  .
points.  An emission factor was not calculated for the Dow Chemical
(Midland, MI - process #8), because the consumption rate was unknown.  The
95th-percentile emission factor for the remaining 24 data points is 15 kg/Mg.
The individual emission factors range from 1.0 to 21 kg/Mg.  The average
emission factor is 2.4 kg/Mg.
Secondary Emissions
     Nine facilities reported secondary emissions, which represent 17 emission
data points.  However, emission factors for two processes could not be
calculated because the consumption rates were unknown.  The 95th-percentile
emission factor for the remaining 15 data points is 24 kg/Mg.  The individual
emission factors range from less than 1.0 to 760 kg/Mg.  The average emission
factor is 55 kg/Mg.
Equipment Leak Emissions
     Equipment leak emissions were reported for all 19 facilities.  A total
of 35 data points were reported by the facilities.  The emission estimates
are based on equipment counts supplied by the manufacturers.  The 95th-
percentile emission rate for the 35 data points is 78,000 kg/yr.  The average
                                     4-6
-------
emission rate for equipment leaks is 25,000 kg/yr.   The individual  emission
rates range from 3.0 to 230,000 kg/yr.
Pressure Relief Devices
     Four facilities reported pressure relief emissions, which represent six
emission data points.  The 95th-percentile emission rate for pressure relief
devices is 2,100 kg/yr.  The individual emission rates range from 23 to
9,100 kg/yr.  The average emission rate is 1,900 kg/yr.
Accidental Releases
     Three facilities reported emissions from accidental releases.   A total
of 13 data points were reported by the three facilities.  The 95th-percentile
emission rate for accidental releases is 3,200 kg/yr.  The individual emission
rates range from less than 1.0 to 89,000 kg/yr.  The average emission rate is
7,100 kg/yr.
4.3  OTHER EMISSION PARAMETERS
     Four other emission parameters are needed to perform risk modeling.
These are: (1) height of release, (2) diameter of release, (3) velocity of
release, and (4) temperature of release.  Table 4-2 summarizes the emission
parameters for each emission type.  The total number of reported data points,
as well as the average and range, for each emission parameter is provided.
For example, values for 238 process vent heights were reported by facilities
in this category.  The average process vent height is 15 m.  The average
process vent diameter is 0.32 m and the average process vent discharge
velocity is 12 m/s." The average process vent discharge temperature is 337K.
The raw data that were used to generate Table 4-2 are presented in Appendix C.
                                     4-7
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5.0  CHEMICAL PROCESS USE OF REACTANTS
     Information on emissions resulting from the use of reactants in chemical
processes are summarized in this section.  The emissions data are based on
responses to Section 114 questionnaires which were prepared for four separate
EPA source category concurrence investigations.  These source categories
include chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) production, miscellaneous butadiene uses,
chlorinated compound users, and miscellaneous vinyl  chloride uses.  In
addition to these sources, Section 114 responses and trip reports that were
used to prepare the Organic Chemical  Manufacturing Volumes 6 through 10 are
also included in this analysis.
     These five data sources were combined to form the source category
grouping, chemical process use of reactants.  All facilities in this category
generate emissions of raw materials or reactants.  Accordingly, the focus of
the data analysis in this section is  on reactant emissions.  Emissions data
from 66 facilities, which represent a total of 89 processes, are included in
this analysis.  A brief description of each of these five data sources is
provided in Section 5.1, and the emission parameters are summarized in
Sections 5.2 and 5.3.
5.1  DESCRIPTION OF DATA SOURCES
5.1.1  CFC Production
     The five commercially significant CFC's are trichlorofluoromethane
(CFC-11), dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12), chlorodifluoromethane (CFC-22),
trichlorofluoroethane (CFC-113), and  dichlorotetrafluoroethane (CFC-114).
Carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, and perch!oroethylene are reactants in the
production of CFC.  In general, the same manufacturing process is used to
produce each of these CFC's.  A chlorinated hydrocarbon (e.g., carbon tetra-
chloride) is reacted with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride in the presence of
antimony pentachloride catalyst.
    -Emissions of carbon tetrachloride, chloroform,  and perch!oroethylene
occur from the following sources in CFC production:   equipment leaks, storage
tanks, process vents, handling operations, equipment openings, secondary
waste streams, and accidental releases.  Section 114 responses were
                                     5-1
-------
submitted by 12 facilities representing 17 processes operated by five separate
CFC producers.  Emission parameters for these facilities are based on data
presented in the memorandum, "Documentation of Controlled and Revised Baseline
Emissions for Carbon Tetrachloride, Chloroform, and Perch!oroethylene Emissions
from Chlorofluorocarbon Production Plants," dated April 2, 1986.  Consumption
rates for these facilities were obtained from the Section 114 responses cited
in the above-mentioned memorandum, unless stated otherwise.
5.1.2  Miscellaneous Butadiene
     1,3-butadiene is used as a reactant in the production of various types
of rubbers, resins, and plastics.  The miscellaneous source category includes
all known emitters of butadiene that are not included in the butadiene,
polybutadiene, styrene-butadiene copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
(ABS), nitrile rubber, and chloroprene/neoprene rubber production source
categories.
     Emissions of butadiene may occur from seven general sources at facilities
in the miscellaneous source category.  These sources are process vents, equip-
ment leaks, equipment openings, product storage tanks and handling emissions,
secondary emissions, relief valve discharges, and accidental releases.
Section 114 responses were submitted by 14 facilities, representing 12
different companies.  Of the 14 facilities, five use butadiene as a reactant;
only data from these five facilities are considered in this section.  The
other nine facilities produce butadiene, and are considered in the poly-
merization section.  Emission parameters for these five facilities are based
on data presented in the memorandum, "Documentation of HEM Inputs for
Butadiene Emissions Associated with the Miscellaneous Source Category," dated
October 10, 1986.  Consumption rates were obtained from the Section 114
responses cited in the above-mentioned memorandum.
5.1.3  Chlorinated Compound Users
     The use of methylene chloride, carbon tetrachloride, perchloroethylene,
chloroform, and ethylene dichloride as reactants in chemical plants is
addressed in this source category.  Sources of chlorinated hydrocarbon
emissions from use in chemical plants include:  process vents, equipment
                                     5-2
-------
leaks, storage tanks, handling operations, equipment openings, and accidental
releases.  Section 114 responses from three facilities representing four
processes that use chlorinated compounds as reactants are included in this
analysis.  An additional 13 Section 114 responses, in which the chlorinated
hydrocarbons are used as solvents, are evaluated in Section 4.0, chemical
process use of solvents.  Emission parameters for these four processes are
based on data presented in the memorandum, "Documentation of Baseline and
Controlled Emission Parameters for Emissions from Chemical Plants -
Chlorinated Compound Users," dated June 30, 1986.  Consumption rates for
these facilities were obtained from the Section 114 responses cited in the
above-mentioned memorandum, unless otherwise noted.
5.1.4  Miscellaneous Vinvl Chloride
     The miscellaneous uses of vinyl chloride as a reactant include the
production of 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethane, and some pesticides.
Six production units at four locations were identified for this source
category investigation.  Of the six production units, only three use vinyl
chloride as a reactant.  The other three facilities either do not consume
vinyl chloride, or it is produced as a reaction by-product. Only the three
facilities that consume vinyl chloride as a reactant are considered in this
analysis.  Emission parameters for these three facilities are based on data
presented in the memorandum, "Vinyl Chloride Standard - Review of Vinyl
Chloride Emissions and Emissions Controls for Miscellaneous Sources," dated
April 16, 1984.
5.1.5  Organic Chemical Manufacturing Data
     The Organic Chemical Manufacturing Volumes 6 through 10 contain emissions
data for 39 different manufacturing processes.  The Section 114 questionnaires
and trip reports that were used to characterize the 39 chemical processes are
included in this analysis.  Emissions resulting from the use of reactants
were extracted from 58 Section 114 responses and trip reports.  The reactants
being emitted from each emission source vary according to what is being
produced.  The analysis of the Organic Chemical Manufacturing data is limited
to emissions from process vents and storage tanks because this was the only
                                     5-3
-------
data requested.  Descriptions of the 39 different manufacturing processes are
available in the Organic Chemical Manufacturing Volumes 6 through 10.
5.2  SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM REACTANTS USED IN CHEMICAL PROCESSES
     This source category grouping, chemical process use of reactants,
consists of emissions data from 66 facilities.  Table 5-1 summarizes the
emissions data for these facilities.  Emissions data on a per-process basis
are presented in Appendix D by emission type.  The emission types reported
include process vents, storage tank vents, handling emission sources, secon-
dary sources, equipment leaks, equipment openings, accidental releases, and
pressure relief discharges.  For each process, a total emission rate was
calculated by emission type.  For example, the total storage tank emission
rate for a process with emissions from three storage tanks is the sum of the
emission rates for each storage tank.
     For this analysis, five of the emission types are assumed to be a
function of consumption - process vents, storage, handling, secondary, and
equipment openings.  For these emission types, the total emissions are
expressed as a ratio of emissions of reactant to consumption of reactant.
When the consumption rate was not provided by the facility, it was calculated
from storage throughput or from the reaction stoichiometry and conversion
rate.  The remaining emission types - equipment leaks, accidental releases,
and pressure relief discharges, are assumed to be independent of consumption,
and are expressed as emission rates.
     Table 5-1 presents the average and the 95th-percentile emission factor
(or rate) for each emission type.  In order to develop conservative emission
estimates, the average and 95th-percentile value are based only on data
supplied by facilities that reported non-zero emission values.  For processes
that emit more than one pollutant, emission factors (or rates) were calculated
for each pollutant.  Ninety-five percent of the emission factors (or rates)
are equal to or less than the 95th-percentile value.  The 95th-percentile
emission factor provides a conservative estimate for a chemical process for
which no actual reactant emissions data are available.  Figure 5-1 shows an
example of the graphical representation of this approach.  This graph shows
                                     5-4
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how the 95th-percentile emissions was determined for process vents.  Of the
66 data points for which emission factors could be calculated, 95 percent are
equal to or less than 27 kg/Mg.  Therefore, as Figure 5-1 shows, 27 kg/Mg is
the 95th-percentile emission factor.
     The following sections summarize the emissions data analysis for each
emission type.
Process Vent Emissions
     Fifty-one facilities reported process vent emissions data.  Due to
multiple processes and/or pollutants present at some facilities, a total of
71 data points were evaluated for this emission type.  Emission factors were
not calculated for the Pennwalt facility (Calvert City, KY), the Racon
facility (Wichita, KS), two emission occurrences from the E. I. duPont
facility (Victoria, TX), and the Union Carbide facility (Institute, WV),
because consumption rates were not available.  The 95th-percentile emission
factor for the remaining 66 data points is 27 kg/Mg.  Ninety-five percent of
the processes in this source category have an emission factor for process
vents less than 27 kg/Mg.  The average emission factor for this source
category is 5.3 kg/Mg.  The individual emission factors range from less than
1 kg/Mg to 48 kg/Mg.
Storage Emissions
     Twenty-five facilities reported storage emissions data, which represent
a total of 36 data points for this emission type.  The emission factors for
Pennwalt (Calvert City, KY), Phillips (Borger, TX), and Racon (Wichita, KS)
were not calculated because the consumption rates were unknown.  The 95th-
percentile emission factor for the remaining 33 storage data points is
9.7 kg/Mg.  The individual emission factors range from less than 1.0 to
330 kg/Mg.  The average emission factor for this source category is 11 kg/Mg.
Handling Emissions
     Six facilities reported handling emissions data, which represent a total
of nine data points.  Emission factors for Pennwalt (Calvert City, KY) and
                                     5-7
-------
E. I. duPont (Victoria, TX) were not calculated because consumption rates
were not available.  The individual emission factors range from less than
1.0 kg/Mg to 31 kg/Mg.  The 95th-percentile emission factor for the remaining
seven data points is 31 kg/Mg and the average emission factor is 4.4 kg/Mg.
Due to the small number of data points, the 95th-percentile is actually the
highest value.
Secondary Emissions
     Two facilities reported secondary emissions data, which represent a
totaT of four data points.  An emission factor for E. I. duPont
(Victoria, TX) was not calculated because the consumption rate was unknown.
The 95th-percentile emission factor for this emission type is 0.003 kg/Mg.
The average emission factor is 0.001 kg/Mg.
Equipment Opening Emissions
     Thirteen facilities reported equipment opening emissions data, which
represent a total of 20 data points.  Emission factors were not calculated
for Pennwalt (Calvert City, KY) and Racon (Wichita, KS), because the consump-
tion rates were unknown.  Emission factors range from less than 1.0 to
8.7 kg/Mg.  The 95th-percentile emission factor for this emission type is
0.48 kg/Mg.  The average emission factor is 0.51 kg/Mg.
Equipment Leak Emissions
     Fifteen facilities reported equipment leak emissions data, which
                            •
represent a total of 30 data points.  These emission estimates are based on
equipment counts supplied by the facilities.  The 95th-percentile emission
rate for the 30 data points is 51,000 kg/yr.  Emission rates range from 29 to
52,000 kg/yr.  The average emission rate for equipment leaks is 11,000 kg/yr.
Emissions from Pressure Relief Devices
     Only one facility reported pressure relief device emissions data.  The
emissions from this single facility, 0.69 kg/yr, is used as the
95th-percentile emission rate.
                                     5-8
-------
Emissions from Accidental Releases
     Three facilities reported accidental release emissions data, which
represent three data points.  The 95th-percentile emission rate for these
three accidental releases is 230 kg/yr.  The individual emission rates range
from 3.6 to 230 kg/yr.  The average emission rate is 95 kg/yr.
5.3  OTHER EMISSION PARAMETERS
     Four other emission parameters are needed to perform risk modeling.
These are: (1) height of release, (2) diameter of release, (3) velocity of
release, and (4) temperature of release.  Table 5-2 summarizes the emission
parameters for each emission type.  The total number of reported data points,
as well as the average and range, for each emission parameter is provided.
For example, values for 17 process vent heights were reported by facilities
in this category.  The average process vent height is 30 m.  The average
process vent diameter is 0.64 m and the average process vent discharge
velocity is 5.2 m/s.  The average process vent discharge temperature is 31IK.
The raw data that were used to generate Table 5-2 are presented in Appendix D
                                     5-9
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6.0  BLOWING AGENTS
6.1  DESCRIPTION OF DATA SOURCES
     Sections 6.2 and 6.3 summarize available emission data from the Source
Category Concurrence for methylene chloride as a blowing agent used to
manufacture flexible slab polyurethane foam.  These data were previously
presented in the following source category concurrence memoranda:
          (1)  "Documentation of HEM Parameters for Methylene
               Chloride Emissions in the Manufacture of Flexible
               Slab Polyurethane Foam," dated April 25, 1986;
          (2)  "Estimates of Methylene Chloride Emissions from
               Polyurethane Foam Slabstock Facilities and
               Emission Reductions Achievable with Additional
               Controls," dated April 28, 1986.
     The Blowing Agent Source Category Concurrence documents were generated
using Section 114 questionnaire responses.  Section 114 responses were
received from 37 facilities using methylene chloride as a blowing agent.  Of
the 37 responses, only 15 facilities reported emissions data for liquid
spills and equipment leaks, and storage tanks.  Because data on liquid spills
and equipment leaks and storage tanks were required to calculate process vent
emissions, the data presented in this section are only from those 15
facilities.
6.2  SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM BLOWING AGENTS
     Table 6-1 summarizes the emissions by type for the Blowing Agent Source
Category.  For this source category, the Section 114 responses presented
estimates of methylene chloride emissions from process vents in both foam
tunnel and the curing area, and emissions from equipment leaks, liquid
spills, and storage tanks.  Essentially all of the methylene chloride that is
consumed by the process is eventually emitted at the foam facilities.  The
annual process vent emissions of methylene chloride were estimated by sub-
tracting the amount of methylene chloride emitted from storage tanks, liquid
spills, and equipment leaks from the consumption rate.  This estimate is
believed to be more accurate than the process vent emission estimates reported
                                     6-1
-------


























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in the Section 114 responses.  Emissions from process vents and storage
operations are assumed to be dependent on consumption and are expressed as
emission factors.  Emissions from equipment leaks and liquid spills are
assumed to be independent of process size and are presented as annual emission
rates (kg/yr).  Consumption rates of methylene chloride were obtained directly
from the Section 114 responses.
     Table 6-1 also presents the average and the 95th-percentile emission
factor (by emission type) for the blowing agent facilities.  The 95th-
percentile number is the emission rate corresponding to the process for which
95 percent of the other processes had lower emissions.  This 95th-percentile
emission factor provides a conservative estimate for a blowing agent facility
for which no actual emission data are available.  Figure 6-1 shows an example
of the graphical  representation of this approach.  This graph shows how the
95th-percentile emissions was determined for process vents.
     The following sections summarize the emission rate analysis for each
emission type for the 15 facilities which supplied emission data on all four
emission types.
     Process Vent Emissions.  Estimates of process vent emissions calculated
by the difference of consumption and other emission types range from 910 to
990 kg/Mg consumption.  The 95th-percentile emission factor for process vent
emissions is 990 kg/Mg consumption.  That is, 95 percent of the plant facili-
ties in this source category have an emission factor for process vents lower
than this value.   The average emission factor for this source category is
974 kg/Mg consumption.
     Storage Emissions.  Storage tank emissions ranged from 0 to 1.9 kg/Mg
consumption.  The 95th-percentile emission factor for storage emissions is
1.6 kg/Mg consumption.  The average emission factor is 1.5 kg/Mg consumption.
     Equipment Leak Emissions.  Equipment leak emissions ranged from 970 to
4,400 kg/Mg consumption.  The 95th-percentile emission rate is 4,200 kg/yr.
The average emission rate for equipment leaks is 2,700 kg/yr.
     Liquid Spills:  Liquid spill emissions ranged from 0 to 160 kg/yr.  The
95th-percentile emission rate is 160 kg/yr.  The average emission rate for
liquid spills is 130 kg/yr.

                                     6-3
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6.3  OTHER EMISSION PARAMETERS
     Four other emission parameters are needed to perform risk modeling.
These are: (1) height of release, (2) diameter of release, (3) velocity of
release, and (4) temperature of release.  Table 6-2 summarizes the emission
parameters for each emission type.  The total number of reported data points,
as well as the average and range, for each emission parameter is provided.
For example, values for 170 process vent heights were reported by facilities
in this category.  The average process vent height is 10 m.  The average
process vent diameter is 0.76 m, and the average process vent discharge
velocity is 13 m/s.  The average process vent discharge temperature is 300 K.
The data that were used to generate Table 6-2 are presented in Appendix E in
Table E-2.
                                     6-5
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6-6
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7.0  PESTICIDES PRODUCTION
     The summary of available emissions data presented in this section is
based on the Source Category Concurrence investigation for pesticides
production.  The data used for this section were previously presented in two
memoranda supporting the Source Category Concurrence:

     (1)  Estimates of Hazardous Compound Emissions From Pesticide Facilities
          and Emission Reductions Available with Additional Controls, dated
          July 24, 1986.
     (2)  Documentation of HEM Inputs for Emissions Associated with
          Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Use in Pesticide Manufacturing, dated
          June 3, 1986.

7.1  DESCRIPTION OF DATA SOURCES
     In developing these documents, Section 114 questionnaires were received
from 15 facilities producing pesticides.  These responses represent a total of
25 separate processes within this source category.  The data summarized in
this report are based only on information reported in Section 114 responses
and not on any estimates made for facilities where no Section 114 information
was available.  Other pertinent information concerning emission sources in
this source category may be found in the documents listed above.  The data
presented in this section will be used to make preliminary estimates of
emissions and emission parameters for any potentially hazardous air pollutants
that are used in the production of pesticides.

7.2  EMISSIONS SUMMARY
     Table 7-1 presents a summary of the emissions data for the pesticide
production source category.  The data presented on a per-process basis is
presented in Table F-l of Appendix F.  Several facilites gave data for more
than one process at a facility, with certain types of emissions aggregated
over these processes.  These entries are footnoted in Table F-l accordingly.
For the purposes of this study it was assumed that these emissions were
distributed equally among the processes at the facility.
                                       7-1
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     Since emissions from some emission types are assumed to be dependent on
the relative size of the process, these emission rates are expressed as a
function of the consumption of the emitted chemical.  The consumption rates
used are as reported by the facilities in Section 114 responses.  For this
source category, emission rates are based on full operating capacity of the
process.  Since consumption is as reported by the facility for a given year,
it is possible for the emission factor to exceed unity (1 Mg emitted/Mg
consumed).
     Emissions from process vents, storage, handling operations, secondary
sources, and equipment openings are assumed to be dependent on consumption and
are, therefore, expressed as emission factors.  Emissions from equipment
leaks, pressure relief discharges, and liquid spills are assumed to be
independent of process size and, are, therefore presented as annual emission
rates.
     Table 7-1 presents the average and the 95th-percentile emissions  (by
emission type) for pesticide facilities.   In order  to develop conservative
emission estimates, these values are based only on  data supplied by facilities
that reported non-zero emission occurences.  The 95th-percentile number  is the
emission rate corresponding to the process for which 95 percent of the other
processes had lower emissions.  This 95th-percentile emission factor provides
a conservative estimate of emissions for  a pesticide production facility for
which no actual emissions data are available.  Figure 7-1 shows an example of
the graphical representation of this approach.  This graph shows how the
95th-percentile emission factor was determined for  process vents.
     The following sections summarize the emission  rate analysis for each
emission type.

Process Vent  Emissions.
     A  total  of 34 process vent  emission  points were reported from the 25
processes  in  this source category.   Emission  factors range from 0.013  to
350 kg/Mg  consumption.  The 95th-percentile  emission factor for process  vents
is 320  kg/Mg  consumption of the  emitted  chemical.   That  is, 95  percent of  the
processes  in  this source category  have  an emission  factor for process  vents
lower than  320  kg/Mg.  The average emission  factor  for this source category  is
100 kg/Mg  consumption.
                                        7-3
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Storage Emissions.
     A total of 28 storage tank emission points were reported from processes
in this source category.  Emission factors ranged from 0.008 to 17 kg/Mg
consumption.  The 95th-percentile emission factor for storage emissions is
13 kg/Mg consumption.  The average emission factor per consumption ratio for
this source category is 5.7 kg/Mg consumption.

Handling Emissions.
     Only three processes reported emissions from handling operations.
Therefore, the highest emission factor reported was assumed to be the
95th-percentile emission factor to ensure that the estimate would be
conservative.  The factor chosen was 1.4 kg/Mg consumption.  The average
emission factor for handling operations is 0.55 kg/Mg consumption.

Equipment Opening Emissions.
     Emissions from equipment openings were reported for only nine processes.
Emission factors ranged from 0.007 to 130 kg/Mg.  Due to the low number of
data points, the 95th-percentile factor is the highest reported factor. The
95th-percentile emission factor for this emission type is  130 kg/Mg
consumption.  The average emission factor is 36 kg/Mg consumption.

Secondary Emissions.
     A total of 11 secondary emission sources were reported from processes  in
this source category.  Emission factors ranged from 0.003  to 530 kg/Mg.  The
95th-percentile emission factor for this emission type is  460 kg/Mg
consumption.  The average emission factor is 150 kg/Mg consumption.

Equipment Leak Emissions.
     Equipment leak emissions have been estimated for all  facilites in this
source category.  These estimates are based on equipment counts supplied by
the plants.  In some cases facilities, combined equipment  counts for more than
one process, and these entries are footnoted in Table F-l  accordingly.
Emission rates ranged from 12 to 100,000 kg/yr.  The 95th-percentile emission
rate is 35,000 kg/yr.  The average emission rate for equipment leaks on a
per-process basis is 15,000 kg/yr.
                                      7-5
-------
Relief Device Discharges.
     Emissions from pressure relief discharges were reported for only two
processes.  Therefore, the 95th-percentile emission rate was is the highest
reported emission rate for this emission type.  The 95th-percentile emission
rate is 230 kg/yr, and the average emission rate is 150 kg/yr.

Emissions from Accidental Liquid Spills.
     Emissions from liquid spills were reported for only four processes.
Again, the highest reported rate is used as the 95th-percentile emission rate
due to the low number of data points.  The 95th-percentile emission rate for
liquid spills is  12,000 kg/yr.  The average emission rate is 9,800 kg/yr.

7.3  OTHER EMISSION PARAMETERS
     Four other emission point parameters are needed to perform risk modeling.
These are: (1) height of release,  (2) diameter of release,  (3) velocity of
release,  and  (4)  temperature of release.  Table 7-2 summarizes the emission
parameters for each emission type.  The total number of reported data points,
as well as the average and range,  for each emission parameter  is provided.
For example,  values for 34 process vent heights were reported  by facilities  in
this category.  The average process vent height is 22.7 m,  the average
process vent  diameter is 0.48 m, and the average process vent  stream velocity
is 54.06  m/s.  The average process vent temperature is 335  K.  The data that
were used to  generate Table 7-2 are presented in Table F-2  of  Appendix  F.
                                        7-6
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8.0  PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTION
     The summary of available emissions data presented in this section is
based on the Source Category Concurrence for pharmaceutical production.  The
data used for this section were previously presented in two memoranda
supporting the Source Category Concurrence.  The first memorandum is titled,
"Estimates of Potentially Hazardous Compound Emissions From Pharmaceutical
Facilities and Emission Reductions Available with Additional Controls," and
is dated September 17, 1986.  The second is titled, "Documentation of HEM
Inputs for Emissions Associated with Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Use in the
Manufacture of Pharmaceuticals," and is dated July 9, 1986.
     The emissions data that were used to develop these documents are from
responses to Section 114 questionnaires concerning the use of methylene
chloride in the production of Pharmaceuticals.  Section 114 responses were
received from 9 manufacturers of Pharmaceuticals which represent 20 facilities
and a total of 23 processes.  The data summarized in this section are based
only on information reported in Section 114 responses and not on any estimates
made for facilities where no Section 114 information was available.  Other
pertinent information concerning emission sources in this source category may
be found in the documents listed above.  The data presented in this section
will be used to make preliminary estimates of emissions and emission para-
meters for any potentially hazardous air pollutants that are used in the
production of Pharmaceuticals.
8.1  SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTION
     Table 8-1 presents a summary of the emission data for the Pharmaceuticals
source category by emission type.  Emissions from process vents, storage,
handling operations, secondary sources, and equipment openings are assumed to
be dependent on consumption and are expressed as emission factors.  The
consumption rates used were extracted from the Section 114 responses for each
process. Emissions from equipment leaks and liquid spills are assumed to be
independent of process size and are therefore presented as annual emission
rates.  Emissions from pressure relief discharges were not requested in the
Section 114 questionnaires for this source category.
                                     8-1
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8-2
-------
     Table 8-1 presents the average and the 95th-percentile emission factors
for the 20 pharmaceutical facilities.  In order to develop conservative
emission estimates, the average and 95th-percentile are based only on non-zero
emissions data supplied by the facilities.  The emissions data for each
process are contained in Appendix G.  Ninety-five percent of the emission
factors (or rates) are less than or equal to the 95th-percentile value.  This
95th-percentile emission factor provides a conservative estimate of emissions
for a pharmaceutical production facility for which no actual emissions data
are available.  Figure 8-1 shows an example of the graphical representation
of this approach.  This graph shows how the 95th-percentile emission factor
was determined for process vents.
     The following sections summarize the emission rate analysis for each
emission type.
     Process Vent Emissions.  Process vent emission points were reported for
23 processes in this source category.  The 95th-percentile emission factor
for the 23 processes is 2,000 kg/Mg.  Ninety-five percent of the processes in
this source category have an emission factor for process vents lower than
2,000 kg/Mg.  The individual emission factors range from less than 1.0 to
7,100 kg/Mg.  The average emission factor for this source category is
600 kg/Mg.
     Storage Emissions.  Storage tank emission points were reported for 16
processes.  The 95th-percentile emission factor for the 16 processes is
160 kg/Mg.  The individual emission factors range from less than 1.0 to
170 kg/Mg.  The average emission factor for this source category is 27 kg/Mg.
     Handling Emissions.  Emissions from handling operations were reported
for only five processes.  The 95th-percentile emission factor for handling
emissions is 31 kg/Mg.   The individual emission factors range from less than
1.0 to 31 kg/Mg.   The average emission factor for this source category is
7.3 kg/Mg.
                                     8-3
-------
                                                                    c
                                                                    
-------
     Equipment Opening Emissions.  Nine facilities reported equipment opening
emissions.  The 95th-percentile emission factor for the nine processes is
160 kg/Mg.  The individual emission factors range from less than 1.0 to
200 kg/Mg.  The average emission factor is 24 kg/Mg.
     Secondary Emissions.  Eleven facilities reported secondary emissions.
The 95th-percentile emission factor for the 11 processes is 144 kg/Mg.  The
individual emission factors range from 1.0 to 230 kg/Mg.  The average emission
factor is 63 kg/Mg.
     Equipment Leak Emissions.  Equipment leak emissions have been estimated
for 20 of the 23 processes in this source category.  These estimates are
based on equipment counts supplied by the manufacturers.  Emission estimates
are not available for two facilities.  In addition, one facility combined
equipment counts for two processes.  For this study, it was assumed that
emissions were distributed evenly between the two processes.  The 95th-
percentile emission rate for the 20 processes is 71,000 kg/yr.  The individual
emission rates range from 370 to 73,000 kg/yr.  The average emission rate for
equipment leaks on a per process basis is 17,000 kg/yr.
     Emissions from Liquid Spills.  Emissions from liquid spills were reported
for five processes.  In order to develop a conservative estimate, the 95th-
percentile emission rate is based only on the five spill emissions reported.
The 95th-percentile emission rate for liquid spills is 2,800 kg/yr.  The
individual emission rates range from 280 to 2,800 kg/yr.  The average emission
rate is 1,300 kg/yr.
8.2  OTHER EMISSION PARAMETERS
     Four other emission parameters are needed to perform risk modeling.
These are: (1) height of release, (2) diameter of release, (3) velocity of
release,  and (4) temperature of release.  Table 8-2 summarizes the emission
parameters for each emission type.  The total number of reported data points,
as well as the average and range, for each emission parameter is provided.
For example, values for 534 process vent heights were reported by facilities
in this category.  The average process vent height is 13 m.  The average
                                     8-5
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process vent diameter is 0.20 m and the average process vent discharge
velocity is 3.6 m/s.  The average process vent discharge temperature is 294K.
The raw data that were used to generate Table 8-2 are presented in Appendix G
                                     8-7
-------
-------
     Appendix A
Production Processes
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                                                                            A-4
-------
TABLE A-2  REPORTED EMISSION  PARAMETERS FOR PRODUCTION PROCESSES
   ID      Type
   ISSSSSSSSSS3S3
       1    PV
       2    PY
       3    PV
       4    PV
       5    PV
       6    PV
       7    PV
       8    PV
       9    PV
      10    PV
      11    PV
      12    PV
      13    PV
      14    PV
      15    PV
      16    PV
      17    PV
      18    PV
      19    PV
      20    PV
      21    PV
      22    PV
      23    PV
      24    PV
      25    PV
      26    PV
      27    PV
      28    PV
      29    PV
      30    PV
      31    PV
      32    PV
      33    PV
      34    PV
      35    PV
      36    PV
      37    PV
      38    PV
      39    PV
      40    PV
      41    PV
      42    PV
      43    PV
      44    PV
      45    PV
      46    PV
      47    PV
      48    PV
Height
(m)
tS3S33S5SSSSS3
75.0
61.3
47.0
45.7
43.0
36.6
35.7
35.7
31.1
31.1
30.5
30.5
27.4
25.9
25.9
22.9
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
18.6
18.3
18.3
18.3
18.3
16.8
15.2
15.2
15.2
15.2
15.2
15.2
13.8
13.7
13.0
13.0
12.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
12.0
12.0
10.7
10.7
Diameter Velocity Temperature
(m) (m/s) (K)
10.00
7.30
6.10
5.50
5.50
3.70
1.30
1.22
1.10
0.88
0.81
0.81
0.75
0.75
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.51
0.51
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.44
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.24
0.17
0.17
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
247.00
237.00
161.00
161.00
63.30
55.29
31.90
28.90
28.90
26.10
25.80
20.70
16.10
15.00
13.45
13.40
13.00
12.90
12.50
12.10
12.10
9.10
9.10
9.00
7.90
7.90
7.90
7.90
7.90
7.90
7.90
7.76
5.60
4.36
4.36
4.36
3.83
3.76
2.86
2.86
2.62
2.62
2.25
2.25
2.10
2.00
1.78
1.78
533
473
438
422
422
399
399
373
373
366
355
353
348
339
339
339
339
339
339
339
335
333
333
330
328
322
318
316
316
313
313
311
311
311
308
305
305
305
305
304
304
303
303
303
300
300
300
300
                                       A-5
-------
TABLE A-2  REPORTED EMISSION  PARAMETERS FOR PRODUCTION PROCESSES
                    Height     Diameter   Velocity  Temperature
   ID      Type        (m)         (m)         (m/s)       (K)
   :3333338S33833333S3
      49    PV
      50    PV
      51    PV
      52    PV
      53    PV
      54    PV
      55    PV
      56    PV
      57    PV
      58    PV
      59    PV
      60    PV
      61    PV
      62    PV
      63    PV
      64    PV
      65    PV
      66    PY
      67    PV
      68    PV
      69    PV
      70    PV
      71    PV
      72    PV
      73    PV
      74    PV
      75    PV
      76    PV
      77    PV
      78    PV
      79    PV
      80    PV
      81    PV
      82    PV
      83    PV
      84    PV
      85    PV
      86    PV
      87    PV
      88    PV
      89    PV
      90    PV
      91    PV
      92    PV
      93    PV
      94    PV
      95    PV
      96    PV

                                       A-6
10.4
10.4
10.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
9.2
9.1
9.1
9.1
9.1
9.1
9.0
9.0
8.8
7.6
7.6
7.6
7.6
7.6
7.6
7.5
7.5
6.1
6.1
6.0
5.5
5.5
5.2
5.2
5.2
4.6
4.6
4.0
4.0
3.7
3.7
3.1
3.1
2.5
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4
1.5
1.5
0.6
0.2
0.15
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.07
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.03
0.03
1.60
1.60
1.40
0.92
0.72
0.41
0.40
0.37
0.37
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.31
0.31
0.27
0.24
0.24
0.21
0.16
0.15
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
. 0.12
0.08
0.08
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.05
0.05
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
300
299
299
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
296
295
295
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
291
289
289
288
283
283
283
283
283
-------
TABLE A-2  REPORTED EMISSION PARAMETERS FOR  PRODUCTION  PROCESSES
                    Height     Diameter    Velocity   Temperature
   ID      Type       (m)        (m)         (m/s)        (K)

      97    PV
      98    PV
      99    PV
     100    PV
     101    PV
     102    PV
     103    PV
     104    PV
     105    PV
     106    PV
     107    PV
       1    ST
       2    ST
       3    ST
       4    ST
       5    ST
       6    ST
       7    ST
       8    ST
       9    ST
      10    ST
      11    ST
      12    ST
      13.    ST
      14    ST
      15    ST
      16    ST
      17    ST
      18    ST
      19    ST
      20    ST
      21    ST
      22    ST
      23    ST
      24    ST
      25    ST
      26    ST
      27    ST
      28    ST
      29    ST
      30    ST
      31    ST
      32    ST
      33    ST
      34    ST
      35    ST
      36    ST
      37    ST

                                       A-7
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
29.5
26.2
15.6
15.3
15.0
13.4
13.0
13.0
13.0
12.8
12.7
12.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
12.1
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
11.4
11.4
11.1
10.9
10.0
10.0
9.8
9.8
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.01
-
-
1.07
1.07
0.61
0.61
0.41
0.30
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.007
0.006
0.006
0.005
0.004
13.00
7.90
7.90
7.90
7.90
7.90
7.90
7.90
1.78
1.78
1.78
1.78
1.78
1.78
1.78
1.78
0.16
0.13
0.10
0.10
0.09
0.09
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
283
283
267
267
258
258
253
243
243
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-------
TABLE A-2  REPORTED EMISSION PARAMETERS FOR PRODUCTION PROCESSES
                                                    Temperature
   ID      Type       (m)        (m)         (m/s)        (K)
      ISSSSS3SSSS'
      38    ST
      39    ST
      40    ST
      41    ST
      42    ST
      43    ST
      44    ST
      45    ST
      46    ST
      47    ST
      48    ST
      49    ST
      50    ST
      51    ST
      52    ST
      53    ST
      54    ST
      55    ST
      56    ST
      57    ST
      58    ST
      59    ST
      60    ST
      61    ST
      62    ST
      63    ST
      64    ST
      65    ST
      66    ST
      67    ST
      68    ST
      69    ST
      70    ST
      71    ST
      72    ST
      73    ST
      74    ST
      75    ST
      76    ST
      77    ST
      78    ST
      79    ST
      80    ST
      81    ST
      82    ST
      83    ST
      84    ST
      85    ST

                                      A-8
Height
(m)
9.8
9.8
9.8
9.8
9.7
9.7
9.7
9.7
9.4
9.3
9.2
9.2
9.2
9.1
9.1
9.1
9.1
9.1
9.1
9.0
9.0
9.0
8.9
8.8
8.5
8.0
7.9
7.9
7.7
7.5
7.3
7.3
7.3
7.3
7.3
7.3
7.3
7.3
7.3
7.3
7.3
7.3
7.2
7.0
6.9
6.7
6.4
6.4
Diameter Velc
(m) (m
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
-------
TABLE A-2  REPORTED EMISSION PARAMETERS FOR PRODUCTION PROCESSES
                    Height     Diameter   Velocity  Temperature
   ID      Type       (m)        (m)        (m/s)       (K)
      86    ST           6.3        0.08
      87    ST           6.1        0.08
      88    ST           6.1        0.08
      89    ST           6.1        0.08
      90    ST           6.1        0.08
      91    ST           6.1        0.08
      92    ST           6.1        0.08
      93    ST           6.1        0.08
      94    ST           6.1        0.08
      95    ST           6.1        0.08
      96    ST           6.1        0.08
      97    ST           6.1        0.08
      98    ST           6.1        0.08
      99    ST           6.L        0.08
     100    ST           6.1        0.08
     101    ST           6.1        0.08
     102    ST           6.1        0.08
     103    ST           6.1        0.08
     104    ST           6.1        0.08
     105    ST           6.1        0.08
     106    ST           6.1        0.08
     107    ST           6.1        0.08
     108    ST           6.1        0.07
     109    ST           6.1        0.07
     110    ST           6.0        0.07
     111    ST           6.0        0.07
     112    ST           6.0        0.07
     113    ST           5.9        0.05
     114    ST           5.9        0.05
     115    ST           5.8        0.05
     116    ST           5.6        0.05
     117    ST           5.5        0.05
     118    ST           5.5        0.05
     119    ST           5.5        0.05
     120    ST           5.5        0.05
     121    ST           5.5        0.05
     122    ST           5.5        0.05
     123    ST           5.5        0.05
     124    ST           5.5        0.05
     125    ST           5.5        0.05
     126    ST           5.4        0.05
     127    ST           5.3        0.05
     128    ST           5.3        0.05
     129    ST           5.3        0.05
     130    ST           5.3        0.05
     131    ST           5.2        0.05
     132    ST           5.0        0.05
     133    ST           5.0        0.05

                                     A-9
-------
TABLE A-2  REPORTED EMISSION PARAMETERS FOR PRODUCTION PROCESSES
                    Height     Diameter   Velocity  Temperature
   ID      Type       (m)        (m)         (m/s)        (K)
   ;sssssss3KS33sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssassssssssssasssssssssa
     134    ST           4.9        0.05
     135    ST           4.9        0.05
     136    ST           4.9        0.05
     137    ST           4.9        0.05
     138    ST           4.9        0.05
     139    ST           4.8        0.05
     140    ST           4.5        0.05
     141    ST           4.0        0.05
     142    ST           4.0        0.05
     143    ST           4.0        0.05
     144    ST           4.0        0.05
     145    ST           4.0        0.05
     146    ST           4.0        0.05
     147    ST           4.0        0.05
     148    ST           4.0        0.05
     149    ST           4.0        0.05
     150    ST           4.0        0.05
     151    ST           4.0        0.05
     152    ST           4.0        0.05
     153    ST           4.0        0.05
     154    ST           3.9        0.05
     155    ST           3.9        0.05
     156    ST           3.9        0.05
     157    ST           3.9        0.05
     158    ST           3.9        0.05
     159    ST           3.8        0.04
     160    ST           3.7        0.04
     161    ST           3.7        0.04
     162    ST           3.7        0.04
     163    ST           3.7        0.04
     164    ST           3.2        0.04
     165    ST           3.1        0.04
     166    ST           3.1        0.04
     167    ST           3.1        0.04
     168    ST           3.1        0.03
     169    ST           3.1        0.03
     170    ST           2.9        0.03
     171    ST           2.8        0.03
     172    ST           2.8
     173    ST           2.8
     174    ST           2.7
     175    ST           2.7
     176    ST           2.7
     177    ST           2.7
     178    ST           2.4
     179    ST           2.4
     180    ST           2.0
     181    ST           2.0

                                       A-10
-------
TABLE A-2  REPORTED EMISSION PARAMETERS FOR PRODUCTION PROCESSES
                    Height     Diameter   Velocity  Temperature
   ID      Type       (m)        (m)        (m/s)       (K)
   •SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
     182    ST           1.8
     183    ST           1.3
     184    ST           1.2         -
     185    ST           1.0
     186    ST           1.0
     187    ST           0.6
       1    EO          49.0        0.46
       2    EO          48.8        0.10
       3    EO           7.6        0.05
       4    EO           0.6        0.05
       5    EO           '0.6        0.03
       6    EO         -            0.03
       7    EO         -            0.02
       1     H          15.2        0.61
       2     H           3.7        0.61
       3     H         -            0.61
       4     H         -            0.61
       5     H         -            0.61
       6     H         -            0.46
       7     H         -            0.15
       1   ARGAS         9.1         -          403
       2   ARGAS         1.5         -          394
       3   ARGAS         0.9         -          290
     KEY
PV s
ST =
EO =
S2 «
RD *
PROCESS VENTS
STORAGE
EQUIPMENT OPENINGS
SECONDARY
RELIEF DISCHARGES
           "-" Not reported.
                                     A-11
-------
-------
       Appendix B
Polymerization Processes
-------
TABLE B-l.  SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FOR POLYMERIZATION PROCESSES
            (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
EMISSION FACTOR EMISSION RATE
(kg monomer em1tted/Mg monomer consumed) (kg monomer em1tted/yr)
PROCESS
VENTS
4.5E-05
0.001
0.004
0.004
0.005
0.005
0.009
0.010
0.011
0.011
0.020
0.029
0.040
0.046
0.052
0.092
0.122
0.158
0.161
0.214
0.273
0.300
0.301
0.343
0.414
0.532
0.559
0.719
0.748
0.797
0.819
1.219
1.262
1.439
1.453
1.488
1.565
1.876
2.190
3.232
STORAGE HANDLING
0.028
0.037 •
0.058
0.107
0.181
0.385
0.511
0.602
0.727
1.266
1.405
7.511
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT RELIEF
SECONDARY OPENINGS LEAKS DEVICES
2.5E-05
0.016
0.215
0.253
0.273
0.288
0.433
0.496
1.143
3.100
3.306
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.563
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
60
300
400
500
800
800
900
910
2500
2600
2800
4600
5900
6080
7100
8000
8000
12600
15200
15800
16720
19100
20100
22100
25600
26200
27400
35500
35800
38600
38700
39900
44800
46200
46200
46200
46200
48400
52900
54600
18
960
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
' NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
                              B-2
-------
           TABLE B-l.  SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FOR POLYICRIZATION PROCESSES
                       (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
                 EMISSION FACTOR
      (kg monomer em1tted/Mg monomer consumed)
                     EMISSION RATE
                 (kg monomer em1tted/yr)
PROCESS
VENTS
3.579
4.638
8.731
9.013
10.748
11.068
13.051
13.539
20.195
25.642
26.756
27.788
40.772
61.887
71.646
124.051
173.554
AVERAGES
11.730
EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT RELIEF
STORAGE HANDLING SECONDARY OPENINGS
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR

1.068
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR

-
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR

0.866
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR

0.563
LEAKS DEVICES
74600
88000
95000
129100
129500
173000
175800
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR

32700
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR

489
95th-PERCENTILES
    61.887    1.405

NOTE:  NR = not reported.
3.100    0.563
95000
960
                                       B-3
-------
TABLE B-2.   EMISSION PARAMETERS FOR POLYMERIZATION
(SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
EMISSION
RANK
TYPE
HEIGHT
(m)
DIAMETER VELOCITY TEMP
(m)
ISSSSSSSSSSSSS3SSSS3SSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
1.50
1.90
2.40
3.00
4.90
5.30
5.50
6.00
6.00
6.10
6.40
7.20
7.63
8.20
8.20
9.10
9.10
9.10
9.10
9.10
9.15
9.15
10.00
10.40
10.70
10.70
10.70
11.00
11.00
11.28
11.28
11.89
12.00
12.10
12.10
12.20
12.20
12.80
12.80
12.80
13.00
13.40
13.40
13.41
13.50
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
(m/s)
sssssssssssss
0.00
0.02
0.09
0.11
0.11
0.21
0.28
0.34
0.35
0.43
0.45
0.62
0.67
0.72
0.76
0.79
0.80
0.80
0.85
0.94
0.94
1.00
1.00
1.03
1.13
1.20
1.22
1.22
1.22
1.22
1.23
1.23
1.23
1.23
1.60
1.83
1.83
2.00
2.30
2.40
2.67
3.60
3.70
' 3.70
3.90
(K)
ssss
278
283
283
283
289
289
290
292
293
293
293
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
295
295
295
295
296
296
296
296
297
298
298
298
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
                                     B-4
-------
TABLE B-2.   EMISSION PARAMETERS FOR POLYMERIZATION
(SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
EMISSION HEIGHT DIAMETER VELOCITY
RANK
TYPE
(m)
(m)
:===============================
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
13.50
13.50
13.50
13.50
13.50
13.50
13.50
13.70
13.70
13.70
13.70
13.70
13.70
14.30
14.33
14.60
14.60
14.63
15.00
15.20
15.20
15.20
15.20
15.20
15.20
15.24
15.24
15.80
15.80
15.90
16.50
16.70
16.70
16.70
16.80
17.70
17.70
17.70
17.70
17.70
17.70
17.80
18.29
18.29
18.30
0.13
0.13
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.18
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.27
0.27
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.31
0.35
0.36
0.36
0.40
0.40
(m/s)
=============
4.60
4.60
4.60
5.10
5.10
5.50
5.60
5.80
5.96
6.02
6.40
6.46
6.46
6.70
6.70
6.90
7.00
7.20
7.20
7.40
7.50
7.70
8.14
8.28
8.32
8.50
8.70
8.90
9.00
9.10
9.40
10.60
10.60
10.70
11.00
11.28
11.61
11.61
11.90
12.06
12.11
12.20
13.00
13.00
13.10
TEMP
(K)
=====:
300
301
302
302
302
302
302
302
302
303
303
303
304
304
304
305
306
307
308
308
308
309
309
311
311
311
311
313
320
321
321
322
322
322
323
323
325
326
326
327
327
328
337
337
337
                                       B-5
-------
TABLE B-2.   EMISSION PARAMETERS FOR POLYMERIZATION
(SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)

RANK
EMISSION
TYPE
HEIGHT
(m)
ISSSSSSSSSSSSSS3SS3SSSS3
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PY
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.90
18.90
18.90
20.00
20.00
20.00
20.00
20.00
20.00
20.00
20.12
20.12
20.70
20.90
21.00
21.00
21.30
21.30
21.30
21.90
21.90
22.60
24.00
24.40
26.50
27.10
30.50
30.50
33.00
33.53
36.60
38.00
38.00
38.00
38.00
40.00
46.20
49.50
DIAMETER
(m)
S3333S3S3
0.40
0.40
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.50
0.50
0.51
0.51
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.62
0.62
0.70
0.76
0.76
0.80
0.81
0.83
0.84
0.84
0.89
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.93
1.00
1.02
1.06
1.06
1.10
1.12
1.16
1.20
VELOCITY
(m/s)
sssssssss
13.20
14.40
15.00
15.02
15.20
15.20
16.15
16.20
16.20
16.80
17.43
17.80
18.60
18.60
19.40
19.40
19.40
19.50
19.80
19.80
19.80
20.10
20.20
20.23
20.70
20.70
20.86
21.10
21.70
24.00
25.00
30.00
30.60
30.99
32.20
34.40
38.00
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
TEMP
(K)
ssssssss:
338
338
338
338
339
339
339
339
339
340
340
340
343
343
344
344
344
347
350
350
355
359
361
363
363
373
390
411
414
422
450
466
616
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
                                      B-6
-------
TABLE B-2.   EMISSION PARAMETERS FOR POLYMERIZATION
(SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)

RANK
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
1
2
3
1
2
1
2
3
4
5
6
1






EMISSION
TYPE
sssssssss
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
ST
ST
ST
EO
EO
S2
S2
S2
S2
S2
S2
RD
KEY: PV
ST
EO
S2
RD
M.ii
HEIGHT DIAMETER VELOCITY
(m) (m) (m/s)
1.20
1.20
1.22
1.22
1.22
1.40
1.53
1.53
2.13
0.00 0.00
2.00 0.05 0.50
8.20 0.08
0.00 0.01 0.05
19.80 0.05 366.00
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00
0.00
0.000 0.23 22.40
= PROCESS VENTS
= STORAGE
= EQUIPMENT OPENINGS
= SECONDARY
= RELIEF DISCHARGES
Not reported.
TEMP
(K)

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
293
320
—
272
353
_
-
-
-
-
-
283






                                      6-7
-------
-------
           Appendix C
Chemical Process Use of Solvents
-------
        TABLE C-l. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FOR CHEMICAL PROCESS USE OF SOLVENTS
               (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
                   EMISSION FACTOR
      (kg solvent emitted/ Mg solvent consumed)
                                  EMISSION RATE
                          (kg solvent emitted per year)
PROCESS
VENTT
0.01
0.01
3E-02
0.1
0.4
1.2
2.7
2.7
2.7
2.7
2.7
3.5
3.8
4.6
6.1
10.3
23.8
24.8
25.3
26.7
46.2
46.3
72.0
72.9
78.9
273.2
444.4
566.2
601.0
614.5
639.1
821.3
997.5
NR
NR
NR
AVERAGES
189.1
EQUIPMENT
STORAGE HANDLING SECONDARY OPENINGS
4E-03
9E-03
0.01
0.03
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
1.1
1.2
2.4
2.6
5.0
5.9
8.9
53.8
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR

3.8
0.02
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.9
1.0
2.1
6.4
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR

1.2
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
1.4
2.6
3.3
3.4
6.0
15.8
24.2
760.0
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR

60.9
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.6
0.6
1.0
1.3
1.5
2.0
2.7
3.5
6.0
15.2
21.0
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR

2.8
EQUIPMENT
LEAKS
3
9
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
2743
3580
3690
3935
4523
5297
6231
5260
6269
7350
7480
7856
8980
9208
10195
12679
16458
19195
23900
27250
38500
38697
49556
50006
53751
60285
78200
94107
227184

24504.1
RELIEF ACCIDENTAL
DEVICES
23.0
45.0
90.9
117.0
2050.0
9090.0
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR

1661.6
RELEASES
0.1
0.5
1.4
13.6
13.6
13.6
13.6
13.6
18.1
22.9
56.7
3224.9
88840.0
NR
NR
NR-
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR

2492.8
95th-PERCENTILES
    821.3        9
2.1
24.2
15.2
78200
2050
3224.9
"NR" INDICATES THAT DATA WERE NOT PROVIDED BY THE FACILITY.

                                         C-2
-------
TABLE C-2. SUMMARY OF EMISSION PARAMETERS FOR
           CHEMICAL PROCESS USE OF SOLVENTS

 (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
          EMISSIONS  HEIGHT  DIA^TER  VELOCITY  TEMP
    RANK    TYPE      (m)      (m)      (m/s)    (K)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
. 28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48

ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST

0.60
1.50
1.50
1.50
1.60
1.80
1.83
2.00
2.00
2.10
2.30
2.40
2.60
2.60
2.60
2.60
2.60
2.60
2.66
2.67
3.00
3.05
3.20
3.35
3.66
3.70
3.70
4.26
4.26
4.27
4.80
4.88
4.88
4.88
5.59
6.00
6.00
6.00
6.00
6.00
6.10
6.70
6.70
7.32
8.50
9.60
9.60
9.74

0.020
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.100
0.100
0.100
0.100
C-3
0.120
0.280
0.280
0.280
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- .
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-


-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-------
TABLE C-2. SUMMARY OF EMISSION PARAMETERS FOR
           CHEMICAL PROCESS USE OF SOLVENTS

 (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
          EMISSIONS  HEIGHT  DIANETER  VELOCITY  TEMP
    RANK    TYPE      (m)      (m)      (m/s)    (K)
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
RD
RD
RD
RD
RD
RD
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
10.40
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.80
10.80
14.00
14.00
14.00
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
3.00
4.00
4.60
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.20
6.00
6.00
6.00
6.00
6.10
6.10
6.40
7.00
7.00
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
9.00
9.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
0.100
0.100
0.100
0.110
0.120
0.120
0.120
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.160
0.01
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.150
0.180
0.010
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
.
-
-
-
-
—
0.010
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.040
0.060
0.060
0.060
0.070
0.090
0.100
0.110
0.120
0.130
0.220
0.230
0.280
0.320
0.380
0.380
0.420
0.580
0.600
0.600
0.670
0.760
0.910
0.960
0.960
1.070

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
.
-
-
-
-
—
255
261
264
264
265
268
268
273
278
280
283
283
283
283
285
288
288
288
289
291
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
                             C-4
-------
TABLE C-2. SUMMARY OF EMISSION PARAMETERS FOR
           CHEMICAL PROCESS USE OF SOLVENTS

 (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
          EMISSIONS  HEIGHT  DIAMETER  VELOCITY  TEMP
    RANK    TYPE      (m)      (m)      (m/s)    (K)
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79

PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV

10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.06
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.19
12.20
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00

0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.100
0.100
0.100
0.100
0.100
0.100
0.100
0.100
0.100
0.100
0.100
0.100
0.100
0.100
0.100
0.100
0.100
0.120
0.120
0.120
0.120
0.120
0.120
0.120
0.120
0.120
0.120
0.120
0.120
0.120
0.150
. 0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.150
C-b
1.500
1.500
1.580
1.680
1.680
1.700
1.900
1.900
1.900
1.900
1.900
1.900
2.190
2.400
2.600
2.600
2.880
2.880
2.930
3.340
3.380
3.600
3.750
4.500
4.500
4.500
4.500
4.500
4.500
4.500
4.500
4.500
4.500
4.500
4.500
4.500
4.500
4.500
4.500
4.500
4.800
4.800
4.800
4.800
5.340
5.770
5.870
6.200
6.250

298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298

-------
TABLE C-2.  SUMMARY OF EMISSION PARAMETERS FOR
           CHEMICAL PROCESS USE OF SOLVENTS

 (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
          EMISSIONS  HEIGHT  DIANETER  VELOCITY  TEMP
    RANK    TYPE      (m)      (m)      (m/s)    (K)
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
•92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PY
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PY
PV
PY
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.200
0.200
0.200
0.200
0.200
0.200
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
6.700
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
6.800
7.200
7.200
7.200
7.200
7.200
7.200
7.200
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
299
299
299
299
299
299
300
300
300
300
300
300
302
302
302
303
303
303
303
305
305
305
305
305
305
305
305
305
305
305
305
305
308
311
311
                                  C-6
-------
TABLE C-2. SUMMARY OF EMISSION PARAhCTERS FOR
           CHEMICAL PROCESS USE OF SOLVENTS

 (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
          EMISSIONS  HEIGHT  DIAMETER  VELOCITY  TEMP
    RANK    TYPE      (m)      (m)      (m/s)    (K)
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.00
13.70
13.70
14.00
14.00
14.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.25
15.60
15.80
16.80
17.10
18.00
18.00
18.00
18.00
18.00
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.300
0.300
0.300
0.300
0.300
0.300
0.320
0.350
0.360
0.360
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
7.480
7.500
7.500
7.500
7.530
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
7.700
311
312
313
313
313
316
333
339
355
355
355
355
355
355
355
355
355
355
355
373
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
                                 C-7
-------
TABLE C-2. SUMMARY OF EMISSION PARAMETERS FOR
           CHEMICAL PROCESS USE OF SOLVENTS

 (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
          EMISSIONS  HEIGHT  DIANETER  VELOCITY  TEMP
    RANK    TYPE      (m)      (m)      (m/s)    (K)
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226

PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
•PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV

18.30
18.30
18.30
18.90
18.90
18.90
19.80
20.70
21.00
21.00
21.00
21.00
21.00
21.00
21.00
21.00
21.00
21.00
22.80
22.80
22.80
22.80
22.80
23.00
23.00
24.00
24.00
24.00
24.00
24.00
24.00
24.00
24.40
25.90
26.00
26.00
26.00
26.00
26.00
26.00
26.00
26.00
26.00
26.00
26.00
26.00
26.00
26.00
26.00

0.460
0.460
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.470
0.530
0.590
0.600
0.630
0.660
0.740
C-8
7.700
7.910
8.000
8.000
8.500
9.520
9.900
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.020
12.500
12.500
12.500
12.500
12.500
12.500
12.500
12.500
13.200
14.650
15.890
20.000
20.900
22.800
23.100
25.370
25.500
26.000
26.000
26.020
30.100
31.000
31.000
31.000
31.000
31.000
36.400
45.200
45.200
45.200
45.200
45.200
45.200
48.100
52.000
60.100

393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393

-------
TABLE C-2. SUMMARY OF EMISSION PARAN€TERS FOR
           CHEMICAL PROCESS USE OF SOLVENTS

 (SORTED  IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
          EMISSIONS  HEIGHT  DIAMETER  VELOCITY  TEMP
    RANK    TYPE      (m)      (m)      (m/s)    (K)
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
AR
AR
AR
AR
AR
AR
AR
AR
AR
26.00
26.00
26.00
26.00
26.00
27.30
30.50
30.50
30.50
30.50
30.50
34.25
6.00
6.00
6.00
6.00
6.00
-
-
-
6.1
6.4
6.4
14.3
14.3
14.3
14.3
14.3
22.9
0.750
0.760
0.760
1.120
1.290
1.290
1.290
1.290
1.290
1.290
1.290
3.050
0.020
0.025
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.050
0.110
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
67.600
80.000
80.000
83.500
83.500
83.500
83.500
83.500
83.500
83.500
83.500
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
9.2
9.9
234
234
234
234
234
246
333
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
393
398
398
422
433

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
 ST=STORAGE
 PV=PROCESS
 S2=SECONDARY
  H=HANDLING
 EO=EQUIPMENT  LEAK
 EO*EQUIPMENT  OPENING
 EL=EQUIPMENT  LEAK
 AR=ACCIDENTAL RELEASE
 RCNRELIEF DEVICE
                                 C-9
-------
-------
           Appendix D
Chemical Process Use of Reactants
-------
TABLE D-l. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FOR PROCESS USE OF REACTANTS
   (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
EMISSION FACTOR EMISSION RATE
(kg reactant em1tted/Mg reactant consumed) (kg reactant emitted per yr)
PROCESS
VENTS
1.9E-07
7.8E-06
l.OE-04
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.009
0.015
0.025
0.025
0.029
0.035
0.035
0.045
0.055
0.077
0.077
0.099
0.107
0.109
0.118
0.170
0.204
0.259
0.274
0.420
0.452
0.510
0.619
0.629
0.632
0.842
0.900
1.060
1.360
1.500
1.650
1.700
1.707
1.770
1.844
1.930
1.969
3.010
3.114
EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT RELIEF ACCIDENTAL
STORAGE HANDLING SECONDARY OPENINGS LEAKS DEVICES RELEASES
3.0E-05
0.0003
0.001
0.004
0.008
0.016
0.022
0.024
0.025
0.027
0.034
0.043
0.052
0.056
0.057
0.083
0.116
0.117
0.132
0.177
0.185
0.195
0.237
0.293
0.402
0.414
1.130
1.557
1.720
2.413
9.710
16.063
3 27 . 189
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
3.3E-04
0.003
0.003
0.009
0.009
0.017
30.816
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
9.0E-06
3.8E-04
0.003
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
1.6E-06
4.2E-06
3.1E-05
4.1E-05
3.2E-04
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.002
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.004
0.021
0.058
0.480
8.672
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
29
525
2670
3140
4090
4940
5140
5200
5230
5390
5780
5800
6670
6930
6970
7250
7270
7910
8100
8390
8983
10700
11400
11800
12700
14800
22050
31700
51000
52017
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
0.693
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
3.6
50
230.2
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
                                   D-2
-------
         TABLE  D-l.  SUMMARY  OF  EMISSIONS  FOR PROCESS  USE  OF  REACTANTS
            (SORTED  IN  ASCENDING  ORDER FOR EACH  EMISSION  TYPE)
EMISSION FACTOR EMISSION RATE
(kg reactant em1tted/Mg reactant consumed) (kg reactant emitted per yr)
PROCESS EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT RELIEF ACCIDENTAL
VENTS STORAGE HANDLING SECONDARY OPENINGS LEAKS DEVICES RELEASES
3.620
4.505
4.993
5.291
5.470
5.746
6.350
6.543
7.540
9.270
11.662
13.740
15.500
18.020
19.060
21.232
22.500
26.730
31.190
35.975
47.800
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
AVERAGES
   5.337  10.985    4.408     0.001     0.514     11152   0.693       94.6

95th-PERCENTILES
  26.730   9.710   30.816     0.003     0.480     51000   0.693      230.2
                                            D-3
-------
TABLE D-2. SUMMARY OF EMISSION PARAMETERS FOR
            CHEMICAL PROCESS USE OF REACTANTS

  (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
         EMISSION  HEIGHT  DIAI^TER VELOCITY   TEMP
    RANK   TYPE      (m)      (m)     (m/s)     (K)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
5
6
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
S2
S2
S2
S2
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
1.50
1.80
2.49
2.59
3.05
3.20
4.50
5.50
5.79
6.10
6.10
6.40
6.49
6.55
6.60
6.60
6.70
7.01
7.31
7.32
7.93
7.93
8.20
8.80
9.76
10.67
10.67
10.80
11.30
11.30
12.80
13.40
1.52
3.00
3.00
10.00
2.50
4.60
6.20
7.62
9.10
10.00
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.15
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.30
—
0.20
'
-
-
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.05
0.05
0.05
1.78
1.78
8.50
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
15.20
-
-
-
0.01
0.05
0.07
0.08
0.22
0.36
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
273
289
289
289
289
293
PV=PROCESS VENT  NR=NOT REPORTED
                                   D-4
-------
TABLE D-2. SUMMARY OF EMISSION PARANCTERS FOR
            CHEMICAL PROCESS USE OF REACTANTS

  (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
EMISSION
RANK
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
1
2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
1
2
TYPE
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
H
H
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EL
EL
HEIGHT DIAMETER VELOCITY
(m)
10.00
18.30
33.50
36.60
39.60
45.70
45.70
45.70
58.50
66.00
66.00
-
-
-
7.60
-
1.00
1.52
1.52
3.05
4.27
4.57
15.20
19.80
-
-
-
.

(m)
0.05
0.10
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.76
1.23
4.20
4.20
0.01
0.20
0.01
0.01
0.05
0.08
0.08
0.30
0.30
0.31
0.36
0.46
0.61
0.01
0.01
(m/s)
0.72
1.00
2.35
3.00
3.90
4.50
4.82
6.30
7.30
11.00
14.60
14.60
15.00
15.00
0.91
-
0.05
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-.
—
TEMP
(K)
293
293
293
293
293
308
313
323
422
422
-
-
-
—
-
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- -
-
-
«•
 ST*STORAGE
 PV=PROCESS
 S2=SECONDARY
 H=HANDLING
 EOEQUIPMENT OPENING
 EL^EQUIPMENT LEAK
 AR=ACCIDENTAL  RELEASE

 A  "-"  INDICATES  THAT DATA WERE NOT PROVIDED BY THE FACILITY,
                                   D-5
-------
-------
  Appendix E
Blowing Agents
-------
      TABLE E-l.  SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FOR BLOWING AGENTS
                  (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
                    EMISSION FACTOR
                (kg em1tted/Mg consumed)
 EMISSION RATE
(kg em1tted/yr)
PROCESS
VENTS
911
956
959
967
971
972
976
981
981
981
986
988
988
991
995
AVERAGES
974
EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT LIQUID
STORAGE HANDLING SECONDARY OPENINGS
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
1.044
1.436
1.631
1.925
a
1.509
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR .
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR

-
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR

-
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR

-
LEAKS SPILLS
970
1350
1350
1350
1350
2550
2640
2670
2700
2870
3550
4160
4160
4160
4350

2679
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
76
98
120
120
152
163
163

127
95th-PERCENTILES
       991    1.631
  4160
163
 NOTES:  a
           Represents the average of all non-zero data
           points for which emissions were reported.

           NR = not reported.

           w-w can not be determined due to no data
           were reported.
                                     E-2
-------
TABLE E-2.   EMISSION PARAMETERS FOR BLOWING AGENTS
(SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
RANK
=====
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
EMISSION HEIGHT DIAMETER VELOCITY
TYPE (m) (m) (m/s)
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
5.00
5.20
5.30
6.10
7.00
7.01
7.01
7.30
7.30
7.30
7.30
7.30
7.30
7.30
7.30
7.30
7.30
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
7.60
0.36
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.51
0.51
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
2.70
2.70
2.70
3.70
3.70
4.30
4.30
4.60
4.60
4.60
4.94
5.33
5.40
5.40
5.55
5.70
5.80
5.80
6.19
6.20
6.20
6.20
6.20
6.20
6.60
7.25
7.47
7.60
7.70
7.74
8.00
8.00
8.30
8.70
8.70
8.94
9.20
9.20
9.20
9.20
9.40
9.40
9.40
9.40
9.40
9.40
TEMP
(K)
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
295
295
296
296
296
                                          E-3
-------
TABLE E-2.  EMISSION PARA^TERS FOR BLOWING AGENTS
(SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
EMISSION HEIGHT DIA^TER
RANK
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
TYPE
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
(m)
7.60
7.60
8.23
8.23
8.23
8.23
8.23
8.23
8.23
8.23
8.23
8.23
8.50
8.70
8.70
8.70
8.80
8.84
8.84
9.10
9.10
9.60
9.60
9.80
9.80
9.80
9.80
9.80
9.80
9.80
10.10
10.10
10.10
10.10
10.10
10.10
10.10
10.10
10.20
10.20
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.70
(m)
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.66
0.66
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
VELOCITY
(m/s)
9.70
9.70
9.70
9.70
9.70
9.70
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.60
10.60
10.88
10.88
10.89
10.90
11.31
11.40
11.40
11.40
11.40
11.60
11.60
11.60
12.30
12.61
12.61
12.61
12.61
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
13.10
13.10
13.10
13.10
13.60
13.60
13.60
14.50
TEMP
(K)
297
297
297
297
297
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
                                        E-4
-------
TABLE E-2.  EMISSION PARAMETERS FOR BLOWING AGENTS
(SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
EMISSION
RANK
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
TYPE
PV
PV
PV
PY
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
HEIGHT DIAMETER
(m)
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
11.00
11.00
11.00
11.30
11.30
11.30
11.30
11.30
11.60
11.60
11.60
11.60
11.90
11.90
(m)
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.81
0.84
0.86
0.86
0.86
0.86
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
VELOCITY
(m/s)
14.50
14.50
15.20
15.20
15.20
15.80
15.80
15.80
16.10
16.10
16.10
16.16
16.20
16.20
16.20
16.50
16.50
16.50
16.50
16.50
16.93
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.00
17.20
17.20
17.30
17.30
18.70
18.70
21.47
21.47
21.47
21.60
22.10
22.30
22.30
22.30
23.60
23.90
24.20
24.20
24.20
24.20
24.20
TEMP
(K)
300
300
300
300
301
311
311
311
311
311
311
311
311
311
311
311
311
311
311
311
311
311
311
311
311
311
311
311
311
311
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
                                         E-5
-------
 TABLE E-2.  EMISSION PARAHCTERS FOR BLOWING AGENTS
 (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)

         EMISSION HEIGHT   DIA^TER VELOCITY   TEMP
    RANK   TYPE      (m)      (m)     (m/s)     (K)
==========================s=========================
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
158
169
170
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
11.90
11.90
11.90
11.90
11.90
11.90
11.90
11.90
12.20
12.20
12.20
12.20
12.20
12.20
12.20
13.40
13.40
13.40
13.40
13.70
13.70
13.70
13.70
14.30
14.60
14.60
15.80
15.80
15.80
15.80
15.80
18.30
2.40
3.40
4.90
4.90
5.50
5.50
5.90
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
1.03
1.03
1.03
1.03
1.03
1.03
1.07
1.07
1.07
1.07
1.07
1.07
1.07
1.07
1.07
1.52
1.52
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
24.20
24.27
24.27
25.30
25.30
25.60
25.60
25.60
27.00
34.10
34.10
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- -
-
-
•
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
         KEY:  PV * PROCESS VENTS
               ST = STORAGE
               "-" Not reported.
                                         E-G
-------
     Appendix F
Pesticides Production
-------












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-------
Table F-2  Emission Parameters for Pesticides Production
Height
ID
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Type
383338S333
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
(m)
3833SS838
76.20
39.62
36.60
36.60
36.60
35.80
35.80
34.14
33.53
33.53
33.53
33.50
25.60
25.60
25.60
25.00
24.30
18.30
18.29
17.98
12.20
12.20
12.19
12.00
9.14
9.10
9.10
8.23
7.62
7.62
7.62
7.62
6.10
5.20
10.30
10.05
9.63
9.14
6.10
5.90
4.75
4.75
4.72
4.30
4.10
4.10
3.70
3.66
3.17
Diameter Velocity Temp
(m)
1.680
1.520
1.370
1.220
1.220
1.220
1.200
1.067
0.920
0.610
0.610
0.558
0.305
0.305
0.305
0.305
0.203
0.203
0.152
0.152
0.152
0.152
0.152
0.101
0.100
0.100
0.091
0.076
0.076
0.052
0.052
0.052
0.051
0.051
0.508
0.114
0.102
0.076
0.076
0.076
0.076
0.076
0.076
0.076
0.051
0.051
0.051
0.051
0.051
(m/s)
517.400
517.400
517.400
46.900
30.500
19.200
18.600
18.600
18.600
18.210
16.900
14.600
14.600
12.900
11.100
10.566
6.700
6.180
5.752
5.600
3.870
2.630
1.119
0.750
0.720
0.671
0.302
0.145
0.118
0.097
0.016
0.005
0.003
0.001
-
-
•
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
                                                           561
                                                           523
                                                           378
                                                           378
                                                           371
                                                           344
                                                           311
                                                           311
                                                           302
                                                           302
                                                           302
                                                           300
                                                           300
                                                           298
                                                           297
                                                           297
                                                           295
                                                           295
                                                           295
                                                           295
                                                           294
                                                           294
                                                           294
                                                           294
                                                           289
                                                           280
                                                           280
                                                           278
                                                           278
                                                           266
                                                           259
                                                           136
                                                           136
                                F-3
-------
Table F-2  Emission Parameters for Pesticides Production

ID
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
1
2
3
4







Type
ssssssss
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
RD
RD
RD
RD
KEY:





Height Diameter Velocity Temperature
(m) (m) (m/s) (K)
3.17 0.051
3.10 0.051
3.10 0.051
2.44 0.051
2.44 0.051
2.44 0.051
2.24 0.051
1.83 0.051
1.50 0.051
1.50 0.051
1.50 0.051
1.20 0.051
1.20 0.010
18.30 0.457
18.29 0.457
11.20 0.457
10.03 0.457
9.40 0.457
7.60 0.457
7.14 0.457
6.60 0.457
6.10 0.152
6.10 0.152
6.10 0.150
6.10 0.101
6.10 0.101
4.60 0.051
4.60 0.051
4.57 0.051
4.57 -
3.05
2.60 ...
0.90 ...
0.90 ...
27.40 0.102
10.70 0.101
10.70 0.076
7.00 0.076
PV * PROCESS VENTS
ST * STORAGE
EO = EQUIPMENT OPENINGS
S2 » SECONDARY
RD * RELIEF DISCHARGES
"-" Not reported.
                              F-4
-------
       Appendix G
Pharmaceutical Production
-------
            TABLE G-l. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FOR PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTION
                  (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
EMISSION FACTOR
(kg em1tted/Mg consumed)
PROCESS
VENT
0.03
0.32
0.44
0.65
5.13
15.53
28.49
34.97
35.93
37.67
50.80
68.94
103.96
117.24
137.26
249.42
400.05
543.40
833.93
950.71
1000.00
2036.40
7135.72
AVERAGES
599.43
EQUIPMENT
STORAGE HANDLING SECONDARY
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.42
0.88
1.84
2.13
2.45
4.70 '
4.91
6.57
9.86
28.04
36.93
160.49
171.55
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR

26.93
0.01
0.05
1.34
3.37
31.49
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR

7.25
0.09
0.86
1.64
1.74
3.39
8.35
41.45
111.44
142.81
144.31
232.83
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR

62.63
OPENINGS
0.03
0.14
0.25
5.28
8.52
13.69
14.97
15.62
160.43
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR

24.33
EMISSION
(kg emitted
EQUIPMENT
LEAKS
372.00
922.00
927.00
1033.00
1249.00
1306.00
1517.00
2103.00
2336.00
3755.00
6134.00
7192.00
7200.00
12834.00
21690.00
22217.00
45440.00
54084.00
71415.00
73303.00
NR
NR
NR

16851.45
RATE
per year)
LIQUID
SPILLS
278.00
782.00
1090.00
1361.00
2812.00
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR

1264.60
95th-PERCENfTILES
    2036.40      160.49
31.49
144.31
160.43
71415.00
2812.00
         NR * not reported,
                                        G-2
-------
TABLE G-2. SUMMARY OF EMISSION PARAMETERS FOR
            PHARMACEUTICAL PROCESSES.

   (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
EMISSION
RANK TYPE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
• ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
HEIGHT DIA^TER VELOCITY
(m) (m) (m/s)
1.83
3.05
3.15
3.65
3.66
3.66
3.66
3.66
3.66
3.66
3.70
3.96
4.04
4.57
4.57
4.57
4.57
4.57
4.79
5.49
6.40
7.30
7.30
7.32
7.62
7.77
7.77
7.77
7.82
8.08
8.08
9.10
9.10
9.10
9.10
9.14
9.45
9.45
9.45
9.45
9.75
9.75
9.75
9.75
10.39
0.04 0.05
0.04 0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0*.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
TEMP
(K)
-
-
-
—
—
—
-
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
-
—
—
—
-
-
—
-
—
—
-
^
*•


M
M
•i
«•
«
•
•


«


                              G-3
-------
TABLE G-2. SUMMARY OF EMISSION PARAteTERS FOR
            PHARMACEUTICAL PROCESSES.

   (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
EMISSION
RANK
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
1
2
3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
TYPE
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
S2
S2
S2
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
HEIGHT DIAMETER VELOCITY
(m)
10.39
10.39
10.39
10.39
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.97
10.97
12.80
20.70
20.70
21.90
21.95
7.62
13.11
15.24
0.31
0.31
0.31
1.52
1.52
1.52
1.52
1.52
1.52
1.80
2.40
3.00
3.00
3.00
3.00
3.00
3.00
3.00
3.00
3.00
3.00
3.05
3.05
3.05
3.05
(m)
0.08
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.36
0.76
0.76
0.04
0.05
0.10
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03-
0.03
(m/s)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
0.10
15.00
—
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
TEMP
(K)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
-
-
••
231
245
248
248
248
248
252
253
253
260
260
260
260
260
260
260
260
260
260
260
260
263
263
263
263
                                 G-4
-------
TABLE G-2. SUMMARY OF EMISSION PARAMETERS FOR
            PHARMACEltflCAL PROCESSES.

   (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
EMISSION
RANK TYPE
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
' 54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
HEIGHT DIA^TER VELOCITY TEMP
(m) (m) (m/s) (K)
3.05
3.05
3.05
3.05
3.05
3.05
3.05
3.05
3.05
3.05
4.27
4.57
4.57
4.57
4.57
4.57
4.60
4.88
4.88
4.88
5.18
5.49
5.49
5.49
5.49
5.49
5.49
5.49
5.49
5.49
5.49
5.49
5.49
5.49
5.49
5.49
5.49
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
263
263
264
264
264
264
264
267
267
267
267
267
267
268
268
268
268
268
271
271
273
273
273
273
273
273
273
273
273
273
273
273
273
275
275
275
275
276
276
276
276
276
276
278
278
                                 G-5
-------
TABLE G-2. SUMMARY OF EMISSION PARA*€TERS FOR
            PHARMACEUTICAL PROCESSES.

   (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
EMISSION
RANK TYPE
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
HEIGHT DIAMETER VELOCITY TEMP
(m) (m) (m/s) (K)
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.70
6.80
7.31
7.31
7.31
7.31
7.31
7.31
7.31
7.31
7.31
7.31
7.31
7.31
7.31
7.31
7.31
7.31
7.62
7.62
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
• 0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.11
0.11
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
278
278
278
278
278
278
278
279
279
280
280
280
280
280
280
280
280
280
280
280
280
282
283
283
283
283
283
283
283
283
283
283
283
283
283
283
283
283
283
283
283
283
283
283
283
                                G-6
-------
TABLE G-2. SUMMARY OF EMISSION- PARAMETERS FOR
            PHARMACEUTICAL PROCESSES.

   (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER  FOR EACH EMISSION  TYPE)
EMISSION
RANK TYPE
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
HEIGHT DIAMETER VELOCITY TEMP
(m) (m) (m/s) (K)
7.62
7.62
7.62
7.62
7.62
8.53
8.53
8.53
8.53
8.53
8.53
8.53
8.53
8.53
8.53
8.53
8.53
8.53
8.53
8.53
8.53
8.53
8.84
8.84
9.10
9.10
9.10
9.10
9.14
9.14
9.14
9.14
9.14
9.14
9.14
9.14
9.14
9.14
9.14
9.14
9.45
9.45
9.45
9.45
9.60
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.17
0.17
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.19
0.20
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.23
283
283
283
283
283
284
285
285
285
288
288
288
289
289
289
289
289
289
289
289
289
289
289
289
289
289
289
289
289
289
290
291
291
291
291
291
291
291
291
291
291
291
291
291
291
                                  G-7
-------
TABLE G-2. SUMMARY OF EMISSION PARAMETERS FOR
            PHARMACEUTICAL PROCESSES.

   (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
EMISSION
RANK TYPE
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
HEIGHT DIAMETER VELOCITY TEMP
(m) (m) (m/s) (K)
9.60
9.60
9.60
9.60
9.60
9.60
9.60
9.60
9.75
9.75
9.75
10.06
10.06
10.10
10.10
10.10
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.67
10.70
10.70
10.70
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.23
0.23
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.25
0.25
0.26
0.27
0.28
0.28
0.28
0.28
0.28
0.28
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.30
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.32
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
291
291
291
291
291
291
291
291
291
291
291
291
291
291
291
292
292
292
292
292
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
293
294
294
294
294
294
                                 G-8
-------
TABLE G-2. SUMMARY OF EMISSION PARAMETERS FOR
            PHARMACEUTICAL PROCESSES.

   (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
EMISSION
RANK TYPE
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PY
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
HEIGHT DIA^TER VELOCITY TEMP
(m) (m) (m/s) (K)
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.70
10.97
10.97
10.97
10.97
10.97
10.97
10.97
10.97
10.97
10.97
10.97
10.97
10.97
10.97
10.97
10.97
10.97
10.97
10.97
10.97
10.97
10.97
10.97
10.97
10.97
10.97
10.97
10.97
11.28
11.28
11.28
11.60
11.60
12.19
12.19
12.19
12.19
12.19
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.35
0.36
0.36
0.38
0.41
0.41
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.43
0.44
0.44
0.46
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.48
0.49
0.50
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.52
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.56
0.60
0.62
0.66
0.67
0.67
0.67
0.67
0.67
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
295
295
295
295
295
295
295
295
295
295
295
295
295
295
295
295
295
295
295
                                  G-9
-------
TABLE G-2. SUMMARY OF EMISSION PARAI^ETERS FOR
            PHARMACEUTICAL PROCESSES.

   (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
EMISSION
RANK TYPE
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
Til
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
HEIGHT DIAMETER VELOCITY
(m) (m) (m/s)
12.19
12.19
12.19
12.19
12.19
12.19
12.19
12.19
12.19
12.19
12.19
12. 19
12.19
12.19
12.19
12.19
12.19
12.19
12.19
12.19
12.19
12.19
12.20
12.20
12.20
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.67
0.67
0.67
0.67
0.67
0.67
0.67
0.67
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.69
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.71
0.73
TEMP
(K)
295
296
296
296
296
296
296
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
298
298
298
298
                                C-10
-------
TABLE G-2. SUMMARY OF EMISSION PARAMETERS FOR
            PHARMACEUTICAL PROCESSES.

   (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
EMISSION
RANK TYPE
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
HEIGHT DIA*€TER VELOCITY TEMP
(m) (m) (m/s) (K)
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
.0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.73
0.73
0.75
0.82
0.83
0.85
0.88
0.88
0.94
0.96
0.96
1.11
1.14
1.15
1.15
1.18
1.23
1.25
1.25
1.25
1.25
1.25
1.25
1.25
1.25
1.25
1.25
1.25
1.25
1.25
1.25
1.27
1.30
1.30
1.31
1.34
1.40
1.60
1.60
1.62
1.79
1.85
1.85
1.85
1.85
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
                                G-ll
-------
TABLE G-2. SUMMARY OF EMISSION PARAfCTERS FOR
            PHARMACEUTICAL PROCESSES.

   (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
EMISSION
RANK TYPE
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
PV
PV
PY
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
HEIGHT DIAMETER VELOCITY
(m) (m) (m/s)
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
12.80
13.11
13.11
13.11
13.11
13.11
13.72
13.72
13.72
14.60
14.93
14.93
14.93
14.93
15.20
15.20
15.20
15.24
15.24
15.50
15.54
15.85
15.85
16.50
16.76
16.76
18.28
18.28
18.29
18.29
18.29
18.29
18.29
18.29
18.29
18.29
18.29
18.29
18.29
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
1.85
1.85
1.85
1.85
1.85
1.85
1.85
1.85
1.85
1.85
1.92
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.08
2.08
2.11
2.14
2.16
2.21
2.21
2.26
2.29
2.31
2.50
2-54
2.54
2.54
2.54
2.54
2.54
2.54
2.54
2.54
2.54 "
2.54
2.54
2.54
2.61
2.79
TEMP
(K)
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
                                G-12
-------
TABLE G-2. SUMMARY OF EMISSION PARAMETERS FOR
            PHARMACEUTICAL PROCESSES.

   (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
EMISSION
RANK TYPE
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
HEIGHT DIAICTER VELOCITY TEMP
(m) (m) (m/s) (K)
18.29
18.29
18.29
18.29
18.29
18.29
18.29
18.29
18.29
18.29
18.29
18.29
18.29
18.29
'18.29
18.29
18.29
18.29
18.29
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
2.89
2.91
2.95
3.02
3.08
3.30
3.30
3.33
3.33
3.34
3.36
3.47
4.17
4.48
4.62
4.70
4.70
5.04
5.48
5.55
5.55
5.55
5.55
5.78
5.86
5.89
5.89
7.42
7.42
7.52
7.69
8.01
8.24
8.62
8.62
8.52
8.62
8.62
9.18
9.29
10.00
10.06
10.16
10.16
10.16
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
298
299
299
299
299
299
299
299
299
299
299
299
299
299
299
299
299
299
299
299
299
                                 G-13
-------
TABLE G-2. SUMMARY OF EMISSION PARAMETERS FOR
            PHARMACEUTICAL PROCESSES.

   (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
EMISSION
RANK TYPE
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
PV
PV
PV
PY
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
HEIGHT DIAMETER VELOCITY
(m) Cm) (m/s)
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.30
18.90
18.90
19.20
19.40
19.40
19.40
19.40
19.40
19.40
19.50
19.50
20.70
20.70
20.70
20.70
20.70
20.70
20.70
20.70
20.70
20.70
20.70
20.70
20.70
20.70
20.70
20.70
20.70
20.70
20.70
20.70
20.70
20.70
20.70
20.70
20.73
20.73
21.30
21.30
21.64
21.64
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.16
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.20
0.20
0.24
0.24
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.31
0.31
0.34
0.37
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.51
0.51
0.52
0.52
0.52
0.52
10.16
10.16
10.16
10.16
10.16
10.16
10.62
10.69
10.73
10.98
11.56
11.56
11.60
11.79
12.22
14.00
14.54
17.16
18.31
18.31
18.31
20.70
20.70
20.90
21.61
26.00
28.30
41.63
43.80
46.20
58.28
76.28
78.69
90.57
165.58
165.58
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
TEMP
(K)
299
299
299
299
299
299
299
299
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
301
                                G-14
-------
TABLE G-2. SUMMARY OF EMISSION PARAMETERS FOR
            PHARMACEUTICAL PROCESSES.

   (SORTED IN ASCENDING ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
EMISSION
RANK TYPE
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PY
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
HEIGHT DIAteTER VELOCITY
(m) (m) (m/s)
21.64
21.64
21.64
21.64
21.64
21.64
22.10
22.10
22.10
22.10
22.10
22.10
22.10
22.10
22.10
22.86
22.86
22.86
22.86
22.86
22.86
22.86
22.86
22.86
22.86
22.86
22.86
22.86
22.86
22.86
22.86
22.90
22.90
22.90
22.90
22.90
22.90
22.90
22.90
22.90
22.90
22.90
22.90
22.90
24.38
0.52
0.52
0.56
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.66
1.01
1.16
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.52
1.52
1.52
TEMP
(K)
301
301
301
301
301
301
302
302
302
303
303
303
303
303
303
303
303
303
303
303
303
303
303
303
303
303
303
303
303
305
305
305
305
305
305
308
308
308
308
309
311
315
316
323
323
                                 G-15
-------
  TABLE G-2.  SUMMARY  OF  EMISSION  PARANETERS FOR
               PHARMACEUTICAL  PROCESSES.

      (SORTED  IN  ASCENDING  ORDER FOR EACH EMISSION TYPE)
            EMISSION   HEIGHT  DIAMETER VELOCITY
       RANK   TYPE       (m)       (m)      (m/s)
521
522
•523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
PV
H
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
EO
24.38
24.38
24.38
24.38
24.38
24.38
24.38
24.38
24.38
24.40
27.00
27.00
27.00
27.43
8.84
0.31
1.00
2.50
4.57
4.57
4.60
6.10
6.10
9.14
10.67
11.60
12.19
12.19
12.80
14.60
14.60
18.28
18.28
22.86
1.52
1.52
1.52
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
3.66
3.66
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.15
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.31
0.51
0.58
0.61
0.71
1.22
1.52
0.00
0.00
-
-
-
.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2.59
9.02
15.01
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
18.17
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
325
339
339
339
339
363
363
363
363
363
373
373
373
-
-
.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
   ST-STORAGE
   PV=PROCESS
   S2*SECONDARY
    H=HANDLING
   EOEQUIPMENT  OPENING
   EL=EQUIPMENT  LEAK
   AR=ACCIDENTAL RELEASE


A "-" INDICATES  THAT DATA WERE NOT PROVIDED BY THE FACILITY,
                                  G-16
-------
                                   TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
                            (Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)
1. REPORT NO.
EPA  450/3-87-020  (Sep  1987)
                             2.
                                                           3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION NO.
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
Summary  of Continuous Emissions  Data Collected
from Seven Source Categories Producing  or Using
Hazardous  Organic Compounds
                                 5. REPORT DATE
                                 March  1987
                                 6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
7. AUTHOR(S)
R.  Howie,  G. Bockol, J. Martinez,  E.  Epner, Radian Corp,
M.  Meech,  OAQPS/ESED/CPB
                                                           8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
                                  87-231-020-35-07
9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS

Radian  Corporation
Post  Office Box 13000
Research Triangle Park, N.C.   27709
                                                           10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
                                 11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
                                  EPA Contract 68-02-3816
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
U.S.  Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Air Quality Planning  and Standards
Emission  Standards and Engineering Division
Chemicals and Petroleum Branch,  RTP,  NC  27711
                                 13. TYPE OP REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
                                  December  1986 - March 1987
                                 14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
16. ABSTRACT
      This  report presents a complete  summary of the continuous  emissions data collected
by  the Environmental Protection  Agency (EPA) under the  authority of Section 114 of the
Clean Air  Act (CAA).  Continuous  emissions data were collected  for the production and
use of eight potentially hazardous  organic compounds:   (1)  butadiene, (2) ethylene
dichloride,  (3) ethylene oxide,  (4) chloroform, (5) carbon  tetrachloride, (6) methylene
chloride,  (7) perchloroethylene,  and  (8)  trichloroethylene.   Emissions data for these
eight pollutants were gathered during the period 1984-1986.   These chemicals and data
are reported into seven source categories that best describe  the scope of use of these
chemicals.
17.
                                KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
                  DESCRIPTORS
                                              b.lDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS  C. COSATI Field/Group
 Butadiene
 Carbon  Tetrachloride
 Chloroform
 Continuous Emissions
 Ethylene Dichloride
 Ethylene Oxide
 Methylene Chloride
Perchloroethylene
Tri ch1oroethylene
Ai r Pollution
Continuous Emissions
Hazardous Organic
  Compounds
18. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
Unlimited
                    19. SECURITY CLASS (This Report)
                     Unclassified
                                                                         21. NO. OF PAGES
                                              20. SECURITY CLASS (This page!
                                               Unclassified
                                                                         22. PRICE
EPA Form 2220-1 (R«v. 4-77)   PREVIOUS EDITION is OBSOLETE
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