EPA-450/4-91-021
SCREENING METHODS FOR
THE DEVELOPMENT OF
AIR Toxics EMISSION FACTORS
By
Joan T. Bursey
Radian Corporation
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
EPA Contract No. 68D90054
EPA Project Officer: William B. Kuykendal
Office Of Air Quality Planning And Standards
Office Of Air And Radiation
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
September 1991
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This report has been reviewed by the Office Of Air Quality Planning And Standards, U. S. Environmental
Protection Agency, and has been approved for publication. Any mention of trade names or commercial
products is not intended to constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
EPA-450/4-91-021
11
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0
2.0
3.0
Page
List of Tables vi
List of Figures vi
INTRODUCTION 1-1
1.1 References 1-6
SUMMARY OF SAMPLING/ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR
CLEAN AIR ACT LIST CHEMICALS 2-1
2.1 Alternative Methods 2-28
2.2 Stationary Source non-Point Emissions 2-36
2.3 Making Use of Collected Information 2-36
2.4 Validation of Proposed Methodology 2-55
2.5 Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC)
Procedures 2-60
DESCRIPTIONS OF METHODS 3-1
EPA Method 0010 3-3
EPA Draft Method 0011 ' . . 3-H
EPA Method 0012 . . 3-13
EPA Method 0030 3-17
EPA Draft Method 0050 3-23
EPA Method 0051 3-25
EPA Method 5040 3-27
EPA Draft Method 5041 3-31
EPA Method 8080 3.39
EPA Method 8270 3.43
EPA Method 8280 3.55
EPA Draft Method 8290 3-59
EPA Method 8310 3-63
EPA Draft Method 8315 3-67
EPA Draft Method 8318 3-71
EPA Method 9057 3.75
Method TO-1 3.77
Method TO-2 . '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.. 3-81
275-026-32/cah.061op
111
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
Page
Method TO-4 3-85
Method TO-5 3-87
Method TO-6 3-89
Method TO-7 3-91
Method TO-8 3-93
Method TO-9 3-95
Method TO-10 3-97
Method TO-11 3-99
Method TO-13 3-101
Method TO-14 3-107
GARB Method 427 3-111
CARB Method 429 3-113
GARB Method 431 3-117
NIOSH Method 2515 3-119
NIOSH Method 7400 3-121
NIOSH Methods 9010 and 9012 3-123
OSHA Method ID-101 3-125
EPA Method 6 3-127
EPA Methods 7C and 7D 3-129
EPA Method 12 3-131
EPA Method 13A 3-133
EPA Method 13B 3-135
EPA Method 14 3-137
EPA Method 15 3-139
EPA Method 18 3-141
EPA Method 23 3-145
EPA Method 101 ' 3-149
EPA Method 101A 3-151
EPA Method 103 -3-153
EPA Method 104 3-155
EPA Method 106 3-157
EPA Method 114 3-159
EPA Methods 515/615 3-165
EPA Method 531 3-169
EPA Method 632 3-173
EPA Method 680 3-177
275-02S-32/cah.061op
IV
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
Page
4.0
SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS PROCEDURES COSTS . 4-1
APPENDICES
A Physical Properties of Proposed Clean Air Act Compounds/Chemicals
B NIOSH and OSHA Ambient Air Methods
C Clean Air Act List Chemicals, Database Compiled by Southern Research
Institute
27S-026-32/cah.061oo
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LIST OF TABLES
2
3
Primary Sampling and Analytical Methods for
Clean Air Act Chemicals
Alternative Sampling and Analytical Methodology
Sampling and Analytical Methodology for Stationary
Source non-Point Emissions
Estimated Sampling and Analytical Costs
Page
2-2
2-29
2-37
4-2
LIST OF FIGURES
1
2
Volatile Organic Compounds.. . .
Semivolatile Organic Compounds
Page
, 2-56
2-57
275-026-32/catl.0610p
VI
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SECTION 1.0
INTRODUCTION
The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 renew and intensify national efforts to
reduce air pollution at a level that surpasses all previous efforts in environmental
regulation. The Amendments, as set forth, list 189 hazardous air pollutants, also called
air toxics, and require the Environmental Protection Agency to promulgate new control
standards for the principal sources of such emissions. These 189 hazardous air pollutants
are chemicals that were not previously regulated under the National Ambient Air
Quality Standards, that applied to a small number of the most common pollutants. The
requirements of the Clean Air Act dictate immediate sampling and analysis to obtain
data for the determination of emission factors. These emission factors will be used to
determine control measures. However, since many of the analytes listed in the Clean
Air Act Amendments of 1990 have not previously been regulated, the fundamental
questions of how to sample and analyze to produce data of a quality sufficient to achieve
the objective of emission factor determination must be addressed.
Before any testing of stationary sources is conducted, it is desirable that a written
sampling and analytical protocol be available to ensure that data acquired during source
testing are accurate and of known quality. Alternatively, validation of a proposed
sampling and analytical methodology can be performed according to EPA Method 301.1
Because of the concern over the presence of low concentrations of these 189 hazardous
air pollutants in air, existing sampling and analytical methods were reviewed in order to
determine the applicability of -these methods to the 189 hazardous air pollutants. For
some of these hazardous air pollutants, the existing sampling and analytical
methodologies are directly pertinent to the analyte of interest in emissions from
stationary sources, and the performance parameters for the compounds have been
completely defined. For some portion of the 189 hazardous air pollutants, data were
275-026-32/cah.061op
Sectlon.T
-------
available to substantiate, at least in part, performance of an analytical methodology, but
no information was available in the literature to establish whether the compound could
be sampled quantitatively. For a significant percentage of the list of 189 hazardous air
pollutants, assignment to a sampling and analytical methodology could be made
tentatively only on the basis of chemical or physical correspondence to other compounds
which have been sampled and analyzed with the methodology. For most of the 189
hazardous air pollutants, sampling and analytical methodology available at the present
time can serve only as screening methods to establish presence or absence under a given
set of conditions.
There is a great deal of concern in assigning analytes to any given sampling
and/or analytical methodology, since definitive information that the specified
methodology is actually effective for the analyte in question does not exist. The
following concerns must be satisfied when a methodology is applied:
Does the sampling methodology sample the analyte effectively and
quantitatively?
Some of the areas which cause concern are: If temperatures in a
sampling train are not high enough, some analytes may not reach
the sampling medium. A given analyte may not be retained
quantitatively by the sampling medium of the train. An aqueous
impinger as a component of a sampling train may cause
decomposition of some analytes. There are many other
problems which can occur in conjunction with sampling which may
render a sampling methodology incapable of quantitative sampling
for a given analyte.
Does the laboratory sample preparation methodology transfer the analyte
quantitatively from the sampling train to the analytical instrument?
Some of the areas which cause concern are: Analytes may not be
extracted quantitatively from the sampling media under the
Z7S-026-32/cah.061oo
Scction.1
1-2
-------
standard analytical conditions of a given method, analytes may
decompose in the handling of the samples, analytes may react with
other analytes or with reagents used in the sample preparation
process, or analytes may be lost in a concentration step. There
are many other problems which can occur in the process of sample
preparation which can result in the inability to generate
quantitative and reproducible data.
Can the analytical method produce precise, accurate, and quantitative
results for all of the analytes in question?
Some of the areas which cause concern are: Analytes may decompose
in the analytical process or may react in the course of analysis,
analytes may not be amenable to a given method of analysis because
of polarity, volatility, or other properties, analytes may require
modification such as derivatization for optimum analysis, or other
chemical or physical properties of the analytes may cause poor or
unsuccessful performance of the analytical methodology.
To sample and analyze constituents of emissions from stationary sources
adequately, it is necessary to define the quality objectives which are required for the
measurement. If the data quality objectives require the use of a validated methodology,
the proposed method must be qualified. The only way to be assured of successful data
from a given sampling and analytical methodology is to have a method which is validated
for the analyte of interest. The sampling and analytical parameters which require
definition in order to have a validated methodology are the bias (systematic error) and
precision (random error). When these parameters have been defined for a given
hazardous air pollutant in a particular sampling and analytical methodology, the
methodology is validated: that is, the performance of the entire sampling and analytical
methodology under field conditions has been evaluated. To validate a method for a
given analyte, the following procedures must be performed:1
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section. 1
1-3
-------
A known concentration of an analyte must be introduced in the sampling
procedure and carried through the entire sampling and analytical
procedure to assess the bias of the proposed method;
Alternatively, the proposed test method may be compared against a
previously validated test method in order to assess bias; and
Multiple or collocated simultaneous samples must be collected to
determine the precision of the test method.
Sampling procedures have been established which will allow the determination of
the bias and precision of data from field testing. These approaches include:1
Isotopic spiking, for analytical methods that require gas
chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for analysis;
Comparison against a validated test method; and
Spiking of the analyte.
In these approaches, procedures have been specified to perform the spiking and obtain a
sufficient number of spiked samples to allow statistical determination of the validity of
the proposed test method.1 When these precision and bias parameters have been
established, a methodology is considered validated for a particular compound and a
particular type of source.
The ultimate goal of both the regulatory and the regulated communities is to have
validated test methods available for any analyte which may require testing. However, the
need for information is immediate since the Clean Air Act Amendments have been
passed, and completely validated test methodologies are presently available for only a
small number of analytes. The regulatory requirements will not allow the gathering of
275-026-32/caft.OSIoo
Section.!
1-4
-------
information to be deferred until validated test methodologies are available for each of
the 189 hazardous air pollutants, nor are resources available for the Environmental
Protection Agency to provide validated methodology for every possible analyte. It will
therefore be necessary to use methodology which presently exists to gather screening
information for the broadest possible number of analytes, until broad-based methods are
validated for large numbers of analytes. The purpose of the catalog of methods
presented here is to identify methods with the broadest possible applicability to the 189
hazardous air pollutants listed in the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. Many
single-analyte methods are already validated for specific source categories, but the focus
of this document is screening methods with broad coverage.
Under this program, the literature has been surveyed to determine the
applicability of existing methodology. The primary goal was to use methodology
applicable to the largest number of analytes listed in the Clean Air Act Amendments,
with the full realization that a broad coverage by a methodology may require some
sacrifice of sensitivity and accuracy. Specialized sampling and analytical methodologies
may be available to apply to a single analyte, for example, or to one particular family of
analytes. If a survey method is used instead of a specialized methodology, detection
limits will be higher, and there is a risk that trace quantities of the analyte in question
will not be observed. On the other hand, if the survey methodology indicates the
presence of significant quantities of an analyte for which a specialized methodology is
available, an informed decision can be made on whether to use the specialized
methodology in subsequent testing. The need for validation of proposed methodologies
has been recognized. Assignments of analytes to a specific methodology have been made
on the basis of previous validation studies and/or physical properties (available physical
properties for the chemicals of the Clean Air Act list are supplied in Appendix A). The
range of applicability of a given sampling or analytical method, when available, is
included as a part of the method description in Section 3.0. Section 2.0 includes several
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section. 1
-------
tables which summarize the potentially applicable sampling and analytical methods for
chemicals listed in the Clean Air Act Amendments. Section 4.0 provides some general
information on cost for the sampling and analysis procedures. The appendices provide a
listing of available physical properties (Appendix A), a summary of NIOSH and OSHA
methods and applicable analytes (Appendix B), and a listing for the Clean Air Act list
analytes from the Problem POHC Directory, prepared by Southern Research Institute2
(Appendix C).
When a sampling/analytical methodology is selected for a given analyte or group
of analytes, the first priority should be given to the use of existing Federal Register
methods (40 CFR Parts 60 and 61) which have been validated specifically for the "
analytes of interest in stationary sources. A secondary priority in selection of methods
should be given to existing Federal Register methods for other programs such as OSW
RCRA trial burns. A tertiary priority is assigned to methods from state agencies or
other Federal agencies such as NIOSH or OSHA. The lowest level of priority in
selection of sampling/analytical methods should be given to methods which are research
candidates, draft methods, or test methods, which have possible applicability to the
analytes and matrix but have no validation data available.
Many of the sampling and analytical procedures need additional development and
validation efforts to improve accuracy and precision. It should be stressed that a method
which requires validation is not an inferior method; the method simply requires
additional experimentation to define precision and bias. The performance of the method
for a given analyte and source may be entirely acceptable, but until validation data are
available, the user cannot know that the performance of the method will be acceptable
prior to use.
275-026-32taih.061oo
Section,1
1-6
-------
Methods cited in this document are presently in use, regardless of validation
status. Remote sensing techniques, such as Fourier Transform Infra-Red and Fourier
Transform Ultra-Violet, have potential as emission inventory and air toxics factor
measurement methods. Air toxics emission rate analysis using remote sensing
measurement methods has not been validated at this time, and extensive field testing is
required to establish accuracy and precision for these methodologies. Newer surface
analytical techniques to measure semivolatile and condensable toxic air pollutants that
may be associated with particulate materials (especially PM-10) are also being
investigated. Present techniques for sampling and analysis require laborious,
time-consuming, and costly extraction procedures to concentrate and analyze toxic
organics on particles. Some of the newer instrumental techniques such as laser-induced
mass analysis or time-of-flight techniques may prove feasible for future air toxic analysis.
1.1 References
1.
2.
Method 301, Protocol for the Field Validation of Emission Concentrations from
Stationary Sources, EPA 450/4-90-015. Effective February 1991.
Problem POHC Reference Directory, EPA 600/3-90/094, Effective January 1991.
Prepared by Southern Research Institute.
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section. 1
1-7
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SECTION 2
SUMMARY OF SAMPLING/ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR CLEAN AIR ACT LIST
CHEMICALS
The primary sampling and analytical methods for the analytes listed in the Clean
Air Act Amendments are shown in Table 1. The selection of a primary method for a
given analyte was governed by the following considerations:
Applicability of a given sampling and analytical methodology to a wide
range of anaiytes;
Availability of a sampling/analytical methodology which directly addresses
stationary sources; and
Availability of a validated methodology for a particular analyte.
Chemicals are listed alphabetically in Table 1, with primary sampling and analytical
methods. If two validated methodologies are available for a given anaiyte, both are
listed as primary methods. Many validated single-analyte methods are omitted-to focus
on broad coverage. A "Comments" section is provided to address validation status of
methodology and to provide information on known problems which will be encountered
with a given analyte. These comments describe problems such as "Decomposes upon
heating", "Explosive", etc. More detailed information on a compound by compound basis
is provided in Appendix C, where sampling and analytical problems are described for
each analyte. An additional entry in Table 1 is "Target Compound for Method 8270".
Method 8270 is an analytical methodology which incorporates the use of gas
chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) as an analytical technique for semivolatile
compounds. A semivolatile compound is any organic compound which boils above
100ฐC. The method includes a specific list of analytes for which the application of the
analytical methodology has been validated, and these analytes are referred to as "Target
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section.2
2-1
-------
Table 1
Primary Sampling and Analytical Methods for Clean Air Act Chemicals
, -, _ t IT { ' - \ 1 ?V;J-
. > i a,*,. '!*'-^ ''iA4'-.X"x4
Qiemlcal/CoiBpoiiid ^v
Acetaldehyde
Acetaraide
Acetonitrile
Acetophenone
2-Acetylaminofluorene
Acrolein
Acrylamide
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
Allyl chloride
^?-^l$- , ซ, *
''-': S'aioplug
Draft 0011
0010
18
0010
0010
Draft 0011
0010
0010
0030
0030
! ' "kv^/X * stUvx& ->r'f^
' * V"% -..-liVAV. ,.
\\^\ ^ v " ,W t?*v % "
\ ^&&&$$'^
Draft 8315
8270
18
8270
8270
Draft 8315
8270
8270
5040, Draft
504 la
5040, Draft
5041
!.<^" > , *
! %ซ. <;A ^^ s ** fff f
\S?^*ป } V S& ' f
If'T' 'Comments
Requires validation.
Requires validation.
Specific GC
detector required.
Method 8270 target.
Requires validation.
Requires validation.
Requires validation.
Requires validation.
Methodology
optimized with
control of pH
during extraction
and derivatization.
Analysis of
condensate
suggested.
Analytical
methodology
validated for
modified 5040.
Requires validation.
27SO26-32/cซh,Oeioo
Ssctlon.2
2-2
-------
Table 1
Continued
"- .V> ^-5'. "" ^ 'ซ.' >-.s .>.. W^ -.1 ^ % ..v vfy's-. ?*
^v-^v^-- . X1 %ฃ\\> * *' X-- * ft->
\*X{ v^" ^ ^y \*> - ; i=r\^
..: - Oiemical?O5mDomir ^^
4-Aminobiphenyl
Aniline
o-Anisidine
Benzene
Benzidine
Benzyl chloride
Biphenyl
Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
Bis (chloromethyl) ether
Z&. yฃ'? ^f- /
^ ~^'>, 7
0010
0010
0010
0030
0010
0010
0010
0010
18
i " *\>$f\ s '' &* vst'^
l^r^i^^^^
\ ^rfeg&^i$v"'?! "
8270
8270
8270
5040, Draft
5041
8270
8270
8270
8270
18
-fourl'; "'>','>,' <-; 'V ""
ซa^*/^*'^ -'/ - , '"
s^W^^i., ' '/",,
- '-" '* Commeats -
Requires validation.
Samples unstable at
ambient
temperatures.
Requires control of
pH during
extraction.
Method 8270 target.
Requires validation.
Validated
methodology.
Target compound
for Method 8270.
Compound
decomposes readily
and chromatographs
poorly.-
Requires validation.
Target compound
for Method 8270.
Target compound
for Method 8270.
Compound is very
reactive and
decomposes in
water. Method
development
required.
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section.2
2-3.
-------
Table 1
Continued
""'* " ' <4'<\, ^;-^c-)
]"'M i i " "m. W'^C "\ป^V .." "
_:!'!" Otfcmic^l/C^mpotHid-' *-
Bromoform
1,3-Butadiene
Caprolactam
Captan
Carbaryl
Carbon disulfide
Carbon tetrachloride
Carbonyl sulfide
",, '?x..'' '- ",..
% %'ป $ - .','
'/&* ' '
"/Sami3linsx
0010
18
0010
0010
0010
0030
0030
15
f ss s f ^
\ ? ' *?*?& ff ^ x * f&y
1 "- Abalvsis"-'^
8270
18
8270/632
8270
8318
5040, Draft
5041
5040, Draft
5041
15
f'f ^
,", ", , ' "'
T'l "''
'"' CJoraments -
Volatile compound;
easily lost in
concentration of
extract.
Methodology has
been validated.
Requires validation.
Amenability to gas
chromatographic
techniques (8270)
not established; may
require use of high
performance liquid .
chromatography
(632).
Requires validation.
Requires validation.
Requires validation.
Compound
decomposes on
standing.
Methodology
validated.
Requires validation.
273-O26-32/OUi.061op
SsettoaZ
2-4
-------
Table 1
Continued
Catechol
Chloramben
Chlordane
Chloroacetic acid
2-Chloroacetophenone
Chlorobenzene
Chlorobenzilate
** *" ""v
0010
0010
0010
0010
0010
0010
0030
0010
^^^1^^
8270
515/615
8270
8270
8270
8270
5040, Draft
5041
8270
^1%,.^ ฃ"-
Requires validation.
Control of pH
during extraction is
required for optimal
recovery.
Requires validation.
Target compound
for Method 8270.
Control of pH
during extraction is
required for optimal
recovery. Must be
derivatized for
successful gas
chromatographic
analysis.
Requires validation.
Compound is on the
border of volatility
for applicability of
either of the two
methods. Special
precautions must be
taken with either
method. Validated
for both methods.
Requires validation.
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section.2
2-5
-------
Table 1
Continued
1 > 1. , l,tn % < 1 fe '^ v%s v Jป "v, ' \
i i:rtfi ;Wwv;aSI^V^ ,
'.' - ...OMaBfe^/QwBDran^- *
Chloroform
Chloromethyl methyl ether
Chloroprene
o-Cresol
m-Cresol
p-Cresol
Cresylic acid
Cumene
2,4-D salts and esters
DDE
^ s '/ * -. %
,; ,- , - '"" < ^
*:*. - - ซ :,
" Samulinc -
0030
0030
0030
0010
0010
0010
0010
0010
0010
0010
' 'f *f ^ ^ "
:'?'' H f ''<"*'''
\ ฃ'' "", -. ฃ.;
L^-Aoalvs^"
5040, Draft
5041
5040, Draft
5041a
5040, Draft
5041
8270
8270
8270
8270
8270
515/615
8270
' ' v"- f 1
.'>' , , , , - ,', , f
I ~" , ,' < % , ,,'/'
''" ' "^&mmeat&
Methodology
validated.
Compound is water-
soluble; method
5040 methodology
must be modified
for optimum
recovery.
Requires validation.
Method 8270 target
compound.
Method 8270 target
compound.
Method 8270 target
compound.
Cresylic acid is a
mixture of cresols,
which are all target
compounds for
Method 8270.
Requires validation;
sufficiently volatile
to be lost in extract
concentration.
Requires validation.
Method 8270 target.
2rS-026-32/cat).061op
Sซctlon.a
2-6
-------
Table 1
Continued
, * i *v . " ^ % " *'
: C< ' ' "'*" *" - "'' "-.. -<
-"' '' ' : ,-""'- ""' '''^ "' 'Xl,\
- Oieoiieal/ComDoiHid ": ฐ
Diazomethane
Dibenzofurans
l,2-Dibromo-3-
chloropropane
Dibutyl phthalate
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidene
Dichloroethyl ether
1,3-Dichloropropene
' '? " ' ''', ,"'>"
* -^; ^ -
;\"Samciins -
Method 23
0010
0010
0010
0010
0010
,0030
v -'-. j.
v^ *>- . : r
: %" Jtaalvsis :
Method 23
8270
8270
8270
8270
8270
5040/Draft
5041
'..-.' t s '' s
'.:{>{'.,,.ป 't... ;.}, ^ , , ,
'''""'' * \ J .' ',','
"' O)mment& - ^ :
Extremely explosive;
reactive; existence
in stacks and
ambient air
atmospheres
questionable.
Method
development
required.
Requires validation.
Method 8270
Method 8270 target;
may be lost in
extract
concentration.
Careful control of
pH during
extraction required
for optimum
recovery;
chromatographs
poorly. Validation
required.
Requires validation.
Requires validation.
275-026-32/can.0610p
Section.2
2-7
-------
Table 1
Continued
,",:. ปpj;.iii.- ซ - jycp,'' -v-^r
!|#ljrfซW",l. ป* ^4SAปv, * s/t;, *SO \
jปปtOiemicfdl/CbmDdmid ,^
Dichlorvos
Diethanolamine
N,N-Diethylaniline
Diethyl sulfate
3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine
Dimethylaminoazobenzene
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine
,'vs~y%&/' S% ffJf f f fjf -*W, % .
"Jj5v*A '" ^ w \ ' * ^ s x
-"^" ฉEjimri^iife "'
Requires validation.
Requires validation;
chromatography
may be very poor.
Requires validation;
requires control of
pH during
extraction for
optimum recovery.
Requires validation.
Requires validation;
requires careful
control of pH
during extraction for
optimum recovery.
Chromatographs
poorly.
Method 8270 target.
Requires validation;
requires careful
control of pH
during extraction for
optimum recovery.
Chromatographs
poorly.
275-02S-32/cah.061 op
Section,2
2-8
-------
Table 1
Continued
>^'<-^' Vv't", ,~; "ป
, ^lO*emicaI/C&mBc^d
Dimethyl carbamoyl
chloride
Dimethyl formamide
1, 1-Dimethylhydrazine
Dimethyl phthalate
Dimethyl sulfate
4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol and
salts
2,4-Dinitrophenol
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
V ' ' "' *
. f"S" . ' ' X
^ f f f f f
'Samultee '
0010
0010
0030
0010
0010
0010
0010
0010
'."' < \ , ''' '%ซ
I . ,,^
Aualwis -
531
8270
5040/Draft
504 la
8270
8270
8270, 515/615
8270
8270
: ?\ "
; - ^ -.^ . ,
:. -.* sj<% -v
" * f
[j ^..OarnmgnlSL.
Requires validation;
compound
decomposes in
water and is very
reactive.
Requires validation.
Compound unstable
and water-soluble.
Analysis of
condensate
suggested.
Method 8270 target;
common laboratory
contaminant.
Requires validation.
Compound
decomposes at
188ฐC
Requires validation.
Method 8270
applies to 4,6-
Dinitro-o-cresol
only. Compounds
are very reactive.
Method 8270 target.
Method 8270 target.
275-026-32/cah.061op
Seotion.2
2-9
-------
Table 1
Continued
';" * ' :, "'; v; ป *^ : \^V>"H
'iJltn'l uil"(t ,"> r s^fr |ง- \\ ^'^Sj-.^,^
.,11 .Oietflic4!/Oomi>ctei^'; -
1,4-Dioxane
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine
Epichlorohydrin
1,2-Epoxybutane
Ethyl Acrylate
Ethylbenzene
Ethyl carbamate
.>. SV. V X^ *.-.-. --V. f ff
< ,.>v;, "",-:
V' '* ป s
0010
0010
0010
0030
0030.
0010
0010
I ""c~ '^ ^';&'A^4
; "$.'',,/f-^','"'<4*,,
An^lvsi^ '
8270
8270
8270
5040/Draft
5041a
5040/Draft
5041a
8270
8270
/:: 'i' * ', J> '
Coinmerffe'
Method has been
validated.
Compound is
sufficiently volatile
to be lost in extract
concentration.
Method 8270 target.
Requires validation.
Requires validation.
Reactive compound.
Analysis of
condensate
suggested.
Requires validation.
Analysis of
condensate
suggested.
Requires validation.
Compound is
sufficiently volatile
to be lost in extract
concentration.
Requires validation.
Compound is very
reactive and5
polymerizes readily.
275-026-32/oih.061op
Sectlon.2
2-10
-------
Table 1
Continued
^ '?- ; v v ซ>
- ' > fปfi>. ?,X^ ',
""v.s % '"'>. j>S > w. % ^"v*
Ethyl chloride
Ethylene dibromide
Ethylene dichloride
Ethylene glycol
Ethylene inline
Ethyiene oxide
Ethylene thiourea
- Samolfeir
0030
0010
0030
0010
0030
18
CARB 431
0010
* ' *$*
v $f Sj v% "ffJtff f
: ,# ' f ** -?\^^ %''
;%A ^ .,,: ^
! Analysis^
5040/Draft
5041
8270
5040/Draft
5041
8270
5040/Draft
5041a
18
CARB 431
632
! .$ - < - - . <
% f S f *
'''- ' Cfeinmeats "-
Very volatile
compound; special
precautions required
to avoid sorbent
breakthrough.
Requires validation.
Compound is
sufficiently volatile
to be lost in extract
concentration.
Requires validation.
Requires validation.
Requires validation.
Hydrocarbons will
interfere with
analysis. Compound
is reactive and
polymerizes easily.
Compound will
probably be present
in the condensate in
the sampling train.
Compound is
explosive and water-
soluble.
Requires validation.
275-026-32/cah.061op
Sectlon.2
2-11
-------
Table 1
Continued
.! ':"ch^Hk^d " '
Ethylidene dichloride
Formaldehyde
Glycol ethers
Heptachlor
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachlorobutadiene
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
Hexachloroethane
Hexamethylene- 1,6-
diisocyanate
Hexamethylphosphoramide
Hexane
^s% , . f
,S-^. " -.-'"._'.
%JA -^s ~.\->.> ..
A < f -. *, Nrt"-
^Saniultnr^
0030
Draft 0011
0010
0010
0010
0010
0010
0010
0010
0010
0030
!*. ,-s" % N? ' ' ' "' -'?.'
\*,-$l :^- /'/"- ":-
!/- x ^Anal^ii
5040/Draft
5041
Draft 8315
8270
8270
8270
8270
8270
8270
8270
632
5040/Draft
5041
' ' ,// s %
''-, ' . '" ?.
Lr :V.binm-emป
Requires validation.
Requires validation.
Category too broad
for a single method.
Non-volatile or
polar glycol ethers
will require HPLC
analysis.
Method 8270 target.
Method 8270 target.
Method 8270 target.
Method 8270 target.
Method 8270 target.
Laboratory
validation of the
methodology.
Compound is very
reactive; reacts with
water. Present in
gas and particuiate
phases.
Requires validation;
very reactive
compound.
Requires validation.
273-026-32/cah.061op
Secซon.2
2-12
-------
Table 1
Continued
^fic&S >3J^\^C^3^&,<'S''* f ^,' S^s
% *> . ^ . "* *"% A^ A. ** '*$'$'&*ฃ' /v. t'f "" ffff f
....^.^Oieinteal/Cdmbo^id " *
Hydrazine
Hydroquinone
Isophorone
Lindane
Maleic anhydride
Methanol
Methoxychlor
Methyl bromide
ffff *+ fv-f _. ** w
<:-, A\V ^ ss ' A-^^ '
X " -X>^ ^-.^ v ...
"- /ซ ^^ % w ^, ^ %
: ' Samslinc
18
0010
0010
0010
0010
18
0010
0030
: ""'<. . * > ....ฃ >,'
^'S* "'/,.... .!,<$. .53. .
^ * -'^:-'T,'^-^
' ^*- %**.<*''{* > ^' > < s
i" ' Asalvsis-' '
18
8270
8270
8270
8270
18
8270
5040/Draft
5041
\/,< ,ป,<-'>,'-,/: ,
$ฃฃ,* ป?'ซ',?' 3> //; V -
-<^%^-v%.^S ^ >*, "5* '* * * f ''' *""
-n --- * CSjiumeats -
Compound is
unstable, reactive,
and water-soluble.
Method
development
required.
Requires validation.
Compound is very
reactive and
oxidizes readily.
Method 8270 target.
Method 8270 target.
Requires validation.
Mass spectrometric
analysis difficult
because mass of
methanol (32) is the
same as the mass of
oxygen. GC analysis
preferred.
Method 8270 target.
Special precautions
are required to
avoid sorbent
breakthrough.
275-026-32/cah.061 op
Sectlon.2
2-13
-------
Table 1
Continued
1", "' r ,.46." ""-i, -,X ^
ซi'B,ป,lซ 'ป[* ,"%\f " ^ ><*
Methyl chloride
Methyl chloroform
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl hydrazine
Methyl iodide
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Methyl isocyanate
ซ ' 'ปv f^ * ' ,
' ^ ' " ' - < "
ป,;,^ " --. >s
v Sbnoifefer
0030
0030
Draft 0011
0030
0030
Draft 0011
0030
I ' s ^' \ / S-"
\ <'V V ^ N'xX ->^,
1 ^^Jalvd^
5040/Draft
5041
5040/Draft
5041
Draft 8315
5040/Draft
504 la
5040/Draft
5041
Draft 8315
5040/Draft
5041a
~ S ' , '
j/K ,
''<' ""-'- CommeatS
Special precautions
are required to
avoid sorbent
breakthrough.
Validated
methodology.
Requires validation.
Requires validation;
analysis of
condensate
required.
Requires validation;
decomposes at
elevated
temperatures.
Requires validation.
Compound is polar,
water-soluble, and
reactive. May
require development
of a new method.
Analysis of
condensate
suggested.
27S-026-32/cah.OS10D
SecttoaZ
2-14
-------
Table 1
Continued
' x'5'XV ' '--'V '\ '"" ^ * % ' . % " "* ^ '
t&KZ'K^s^.s&.if > - \,"-. '-
* y>*ซ**a. ^."vww^wfviu.Mxj; ^vซsi % ,
Methyl methacrylate
Methyl tert-butyl ether
4,4'-Methylene bis (2-
chloroaniline)
Methylene chloride
Methylene diphenyl
diisocvanate
4,4'-Methylenedianiline
Naphthalene
Nitrobenzene
4i-Nitrobiphenyl
4-Nitrophenol
V ' ' "",'"/ ..".,...
i - ' f Vf
''. , ^ : *""'.!'? '
"" Samoiin^'
0030
0010
0010
0030
oo io
0010
0010
0010
0010
0010
"vT f? X?\ ""-?'-''" '"'"
//--. -^ &,'<;.*,.
','. v. \ v. vww f v,'t'f -ff^fff,
: ^-^ ^ ''''*'' A "'"'" v'*"
:- Au^vsir- o
5040/Draft
5041a
8270
8270
5040/Draft
5041
8270
8270
8270
8270
8270
8270
; f s s> f * ~-
: S >,', fff f ' " % f
Silrv\:: ,* -
Requires validation.
Compound may
polymerize upon
heating. Analysis. of
condensate
suggested.
Requires validation.
Requires validation.
Methodology
requires validation;
common laboratory
contaminant.
Requires validation.
Requires validation;"
compound is very
reactive.
Method 8270 target.
Method 8270 target;
methodology
validated.
Requires validation;
may decompose on.
heating.
Method 8270 target.
275-026-32/cah.061op :
Section.2
2-15
-------
Table 1
Continued
_( _ ^ v , ,4^
.!.!.. u Otemici/CimDOisHk ''
2-Nitropropane
N-Nitroso-N-methylurea
N-Nitrosodimethylamine
N-Nitrosomorpholine
Parathion
Pentachloronitrobenzene
Pentachlorophenol
Phenol
/^ ;rr
1 ' Sa&oltne -
0010
0010
0010
0010
0010
0010
0010
0010
i/J- *-:: '.'.-".
1*'- 'Auai^fs?"^
8270
8270
8270
8270
8270
8270
8270
8270
.'^ '! f "' ' S' '
\ "'/''Ctammems
Requires validation;
compound is
reactive and
explosive, and may
decompose upon
heating.
Requires validation.
Compound is very
reactive, and is near
the limits of
volatility for gas
chromatography.
Method 8270 target;
very reactive
compound.
Requires validation;
compound is very
reactive. "
Requires validation.
Method 8270 target.
Method 8270 target.
Method 8270
target; methodology
validated.
275-026-32/cah.Q61oo
Section.2
2-16
-------
Table 1
Continued
'CT'"*vv N^^^'""-5'' "' '^ "
,S. "As1- _ ^ ' ' ฃ X '" * MJ*'-. 'f ' ' s ', / ' >
"\^ V" v... ''^xฅ'^w''>':Aft'/Vrt-. . . ' < v.% J ^
p-Phenylenediamine
Phosgene
Phthalic anhydride
Polychlorinated biphenyls
1,3-Propane sultone
beta-Propiolactone
Propionaldehyde
Propoxur
,y- * ^ ^ ? -^ "
f ^ ,:
..V % " <>. ^ ff. - X'?''/ \ "ff"
"^ , v*f f f
' .^Sami?1iiie
0010
0010
0010
0010
0010
Draft 0011
0010
i ;<".v.'" i-' ~',X- ".. ">-
! ** ^* ' S ^.'s % \S%^ . * ,,ป AV
%%:' ^.%% . \\-.-.-- ^v^^fr
i < ABglysii-"-."-- "
8270
8270
680
8270
8270
Draft 8315
8318
:<.,; !">. V ' ' %
! c, r Qjimnent^
Requires validation.
Requires control of
pH during
extraction for
optimum recovery.
No stationary source
sampling/analytical
methodology
presently available.
Requires validation.
Compound reacts
with water.
Method 8080 not
applicable to stack
samples since
Aroclor pattern will
be disrupted.
Requires validation.
Requires validation.
Compound may
decompose upon
heating.
Requires validation.
Requires validation.
Compound is
reactive and may
decompose upon
heating.
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section.2
2-17
-------
Table 1
Continued
Jlr i j iKujlH rfi*. "* ^ "* x ^s "[. . A,
HI i n u^, lP)bii,hljHM [i n,l \(JWr j^ Wh, ^7^ S V
Propylene dichloride
Propylene oxide
1,2-Propylenimine
Quinoline
Quinone
Styrene
Styrene oxide
IX , '-,', ""'if
. \ ,5V* ^'; ' ,x%
x ^^Samolfes %
0030
0030
0030
0010
Draft 0011
0010
0010
\^SvvA^yvs''C '
5040/Draft
5041
5040/Draft
5041a
5040/Draft
5041a
8270
Draft 8315
8270
8270
rt^-X ' 'v. A- "*
: \ ., ^ !i
! 'CtoTirtneafe
Requires validation.
Requires validation.
Compound is
reactive and water-
soluble. Analysis of
condensate
suggested.
Requires validation.
Compound is
reactive and may
decompose when
heated. Analysis of
condensate
suggested.
Requires validation.
Control of pH
during extraction
required for
optimum recovery.
Requires validation.
Requires validation.
Compound is
sufficiently volatile
to be lost in extract
concentration.
Requires validation.
Compound is
reactive.
275-02S-32/ca(i.051oo
Sectlon.2
2-18.
-------
Table 1
Continued
-^!\' " >""i^.;f^\;; ~~"s\
""/\/'. % V ' %<^ " ;ฃ** ฃ, 'T'1' v^i- ' "';\
..4 .' Cfoemical/^WaMdi^
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-
p-dioxin
1, 1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
2,4-Toluene diamine
2,4-Toluene diisocyanate
- -^ -, .,
ซ A *" ^
" Samsiins^
23
0010
0030
0030
0010
0010
0010
.y -.^v-' , ^ : t'f f^m.
\ ^ '?? ' ', ^ " ' ',,
':''" '' " S'-- "ซ#"?'' ''
'--- ' Ana]vsis
23
8270
5040/Draft
5041
5040/Draft
5041
8270
8270
8270
{^^^-^^ \ <
* ^-. ^"'- , ff S
I r" - Cbmrnerr^ '"
The spiking scheme
for Method 23 may
cause concern in
some regulatory
areas.
Validated
methodology.
Validated
methodology.
Validated
methodology.
Validated
methodology.
Compound is
sufficiently volatile
to encounter losses
in extract
concentration.
Requires validation.
Control of pH
essential for
optimum extraction
recovery.
Requires validation.
Compound is very
reactive.
275-026-32/cah.0610D
Section.2
2-19
-------
Table 1
Continued
\ . ' '"y, \ ^v> V.
1 n '}< i,1 i 'in - fc- , ""-ฃ vซ-^-
L N > V "^ V>1 ^\ . ^ 1 1
o-Toluidine
Toxaphene
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
1, 1,2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
Triethylamine
Trifluralin
7,'- "5^' s"i-'' ' ,VN
.^.Slfoolffle '
0010
0010
0010
0030
0030
0010
0010
0030
0010
$ ff ^f ff t ** ^ f f f
: '>]--""'' S '^ 4*&'<*>
L^.. ^nalwfe '
8270
8270
8270
5040/Draft
5041
5040/Draft
5041
8270
8270
5040/Draft
5041a
8270.
&,- '"-S .
' - ? '*''
i""-" '" QJJJJJJ^JJI^,
Rej^uires validation.
Control of pH
essential for
optimum recovery
during extraction.
Method 8270 target.
Toxaphene is a
multicomponent
group of chlorinated
camphenes which
may decompose
upon heating.
Method 8270 target.
Methodology
validated.
Methodology
validated.
Methodology 8270
target.
Method 8270 target.
Requires validation.
Compound is
reactive and water-
soluble.
Requires validation.
Compound is very
reactive.
27S-026-32/cah.061oo
Section 2
2-20
-------
Table 1
Continued
* V.'ss <^ "V. %wwCwi >>. ซ.^l* ,,ซ" ,, ซ, f s >
^ ";\ Jc^."1*?^^ "*%?/?}*. ' ' iv" '
v, x>;-X ; -^ cw$x,xsv<" * ' " ป
^s^^s s s^"-* w^ / f f Vs tt
2,2,4-Trimethylpentane
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
'*ซ, "'f "%'
TSamoline %,
0030
0030
0030
0030
0030
% > ' -.f,f*.
\ -/c," .--^^r-r-
|S','5> ' v .' ^>*
: r-:AB8h8iP.\>
5040/Draft
5041
5040/Draft
5041a
5040/Draft
5041
5040/Draft
5041
5040/Draft
5041
: AS\ S*A^ , &* v %, ""^^ .
\ -^$* * - # ^
: A\ * s *'- f .v % >
i \> Comments
Requires validation.
Requires validation.
Compound is
reactive, water-
soluble, and
polymerizes upon
exposure to light.
Analysis of
condensate
suggested.
Requires validation.
Special precautions
required in sampling
to avoid sorbent
breakthrough.
Methodology
validated. Special
precautions required
in sampling to avoid
sorbent
breakthrough.
Special precautions
required in sampling
to avoid sorbent
breakthrough.
Requires validation.
275-026-32/cah.0610D
Section.2
2-21
-------
Table 1
Continued
v, tC **.*** i^j. /
|| 1 1 t L N" 1 V" A vk'i.V'S 't . s ซซ, VvVv -.
h S"T ป" ' ' ''-,' ^"^
Otemical/QjmDo-snd ^
Xylenes (isomers and
mixture)
o-Xylene
m-Xylene
p-Xylene
Antimony compounds
Arsenic compounds
^ ^ '*
-'-Samuline
0010
0010
0010
0010
Draft 0012
Draft 0012
1 ' ฃ'
' f f ^
:" "Asalvsis ^"'"
8270
8270
8270
8270
Draft 0012
Draft 0012
''+*** I
: s f f f
!' Qjnttnents
Reiquires validation.
Special care must be
taken in extract
concentration to
avoid compound
loss.
Requires validation.
Special care must be
taken in extract
concentration to
avoid compound
loss.
Requires validation.
Special care must be
taken in extract
concentration to
avoid compound
loss.
Requires validation.
Special care must be
taken in extract
concentration to
avoid compound
loss.
Requires validation.
Requires validation.
2?S-026-32/eah.061op
Section.2
2-22
-------
Table 1
Continued
^4^'uf:'S^wC /%<. mJUiSfjV tป '. *4 -.V." ,
jf^'^einicai/QjitiDoi^id '>-
Asbestos
Beryllium compounds
Cadmium compounds
Calcium cyanamide
" ,'" -
V ^^' *' %'%" ft""
rT&hiSifijk
CARB 427
.
Draft 0012
Draft 0012
i - <. , "',;' '^'^-""'
ww = -"^ j" %>N^% ^Ti^r'^
^"'"A^afeSS-'
CARB 427
Draft 0012
Draft 0012
^' '^s' ^'^ '% * ' - '" ''' ^ '
f^. ^oinmeats' -::'
Methodology will
not differentiate
between asbestos
and other mineral
fibers. A fiber
emission may have a
wide range in
particle size. Side-
by-side
measurements by
visual observation,
PCM, and TEM are
required to
characterize particle
size in order to
choose an
appropriate
analytical method.
Requires validation.
Requires validation.
Decomposes in cold
water; reacts with
acid; -may
polymerize in
water/alkali.
Method
development
required.
275-026-32/cah.061 op
Sect!on.2
2-23
-------
Table 1
Continued
1 ' V ; I N s ' ' O"
M t ^ '-i*"5,''
^^^l^emlc^/C^iraDoiffiff^
Chlorine
Chromium compounds
Cobalt compounds
Coke oven emissions
Cyanide compounds
i 'fr -' -'?
S \ W X- ff f ^ -.^ j* S
^.Sdnul6is^
0050, 0051
Draft 0012
Draft 0012
0010
6
(modified)
%v ^^^> * **
; ' " ซ's , ', *'C '
_ : V* ^ฑ'/J* * -
9057
Draft 0012
Draft 0012
8310
NIOSH 7904
f ff
' ;- -'. , '*'' "-,
'\/,'- Coranxeal^ - "
Choice between
0050 and 0051
determined by
presence of water
droplets.
Requires validation.
Requires validation.
Coke oven
emissions constitute
a complex family of
compounds, not
totally addressed by
one methodology.
Methodology listed
addresses
polynuclear
aromatic
hydrocarbons, a
major constituent of
coke oven emissions
and mav be
modified to address
functionalized
compounds.
Method 6 impinger
solution modified to
0.1N KOH; analysis
is performed for
HCN and cyanide
salts.
2r5-026-3Z/cah,0610B
Section,2
2-24
-------
Table 1
Continued
- -V v- ^VVV.I> *Vr^l~\4% "??&\\%L
^~&" ~$W4ฃ J^d^^v'Sj^X^^X
Hydrochloric acid
Hydrogen fluoride
Lead compounds
Manganese compounds
Mercury compounds
Mineral fibers
Nickel compounds
Phosphine
Phosphorus
v, <- , , ,'--,V
>. >%* - x
-;ฃ><.',,>', '<,., ,*",
'-' Sampling '-'
0050, 0051
13 A or B
Draft 0012b
Draft 0012
Draft 0012
CARB 427C
Draft 0012
Draft 0012
Draft 0012
r~&%;*i**
L'^r^^xr?: x,-: *s* ' f,^f ., .. 4 -.^-^
*\ ** f f f fS S
: "" . S^' A / ' V% f f '
'. f-Sf <. ' ซ jf " <'''
ff . > \. >. A- fSSS fffff
: -v- -.v ป v ^ A sv A ^
i -ป "'z Ckjmmeat^ '
Choice between
0050 and 0051
determined by
presence of water
droplets.
Requires validation.
Requires validation.
Requires validation.
Methodology will
not differentiate
between mineral
fibers and asbestos.
Requires validation.
Requires validation;
methodology cannot
differentiate among
forms of
phosphorus.
Requires validation.
Phosphorus is
reactive and
explosive, and
undergoes
spontaneous
combustion upon
contact with air.
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section.2
2-25
-------
Table 1
Continued
4"s .. U ,i?\(. \ O^l^C'' v.
'(" ''1 *"'"^ , ^ ฃ ^ .
H C^emic^I/CornDouna^ '
Polycyclic organic matter
Radionuclides
Selenium compounds
Titanium tetrachloride
* * f "~s <
f -. \SS-. > f f
s "- ?
....' Sam-ollne *
CARB 429
114
Draft 0012
Draft 0012
:'--. -",, '?**** ',
<< --; ,;/' --;-
! "" Asai^is ;A
CARB 429
114
Draft 0012
Draft 0012
f.* f s ' * %
\ f>,& > "
Coiameat^
Complex group of
compounds; not all
adequately
addressed by the
methodology.
Methodology will
detect gaseous and
particulate forms.
Requires validation.
Requires validation.
Methodology cannot
differentiate forms
of titanium.
Compound
decomposes at
ambient moisture
levels.
Method 5040 or Draft 5041 modified to optimize recovery of water-soluble
compounds (EPA 600/8-877-008).
Draft Method 0012 does not speciate inorganic compounds.
See Comments for Asbestos.
27SKป26-32/can.061op
ฃ*c:.on,2
2-26
-------
compound for Method 8270." For these target compounds, the precision and bias of an
overall sampling and analytical methodology have not been established: the combined
sampling and analytical methodology is not validated. However, the analytical
methodology has at least been tested and operating parameters for the analysis have
been established.
Table 1 is not comprehensive. Every available methodology which might possibly
be applicable is not listed. A major consideration for the selection of methodology was
the broadest possible coverage: a single-analyte method has been used as a primary
method only in those situations where no multiple analyte method could be considered
applicable.
Several methods in Table 1 are labeled "Draft." A Draft Method is in a review
process prior to inclusion in a compendium of methods or promulgation in the Federal
Register. For Draft EPA Methods, the text of the Method may be obtained through the
Emission Measurements Technical Information Center (EMTIC), which can be reached
by telephone at (919) 541-1059. The availability of a text of the Draft Methods is
determined by the EPA laboratory responsible for the development of the Method.
Some of the EPA laboratories are willing to release the text of a Draft Method as soon
as the Method is written, while other EPA laboratories will release no Method until all
of the review process is complete. If a Draft Method is available, the text can be
obtained frpm EMTIC.
Some of the Methods listed in Table 1 are specifically written to address gaseous
emissions from stationary sources. Other methods are written to address liquid or solid
hazardous waste, soil, leachates, or water of various types. When a sorbent is used in the
sampling methodology,, the solution obtained from the extraction of the sorbent can be
treated similarly to the extract of water or the extract of a hazardous waste or other
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section.2 2-27
-------
media. Some adaptation of the sample preparation methodology will be required to
address air as a sampling matrix and, in general, the adaptations or modifications
required to make the analytical methodology directly applicable to gaseous emissions as
a sampling matrix have not been appended to the methodology. Some of the analytes
listed in Table 1 explode at elevated temperatures or react with ambient levels of
moisture. However, occurrence of such an analyte at levels of parts per million in a
stationary source may mean that a significant portion of that analyte may survive intact
to be sampled and analyzed. Appropriate laboratory and field experiments are required
to establish the loss or survival of certain analytes under the conditions encountered at a
stationary source.
When a Table 1 method is described as "Validated," precision and bias for the
sampling and analysis of that analyte have been established for a single stationary source.
2.1 Alternative Methods
Table 2 provides a listing of alternative sampling and analytical methods. These
methods are a secondary choice to the methods shown in Table 1 as the primary
methods. In many cases, the methodology cited as Alternative Methodology is a more
specific or more focused methodology than the methodology listed in Table 1, even
though the method may be validated. Broad applicability for screening was the main
criterion in the selection of primary methodology. For example, Method 18 is cited
frequently as an alternative method for volatile organic compounds. Method 18 is used
for single analytes or, perhaps, for a small number of analytes. Method 0030 combined
with Method 5040 or Draft Method 5041 would have a broader application to a wide
range of analytes (all volatile organic compounds with a boiling point less than 100ฐC),
and would therefore be the choice as the primary method. In some instances, it is
273-026-32/cah.OSI oo
Sactlon,2
2-28
-------
Table 2
Alternative Sampling and Analytical Methodology
'ft\S' * \>kii!*rf**ฅ^ s^ /*&/ป*>
\I; > s v^, fv fistfft&fAtftt, f ft. , %s ^ ?&
--. &*& ^ .ซ v<. , M ~X;xS3v,ซ ' , s ' v:, ^'^VN^
Wvf^C ^'^''^V'.^^^l''^ ^\^j>
Acetaldehyde
Acetophenone
Acrolein
Allyl chloride
Biphenyl
Bromoform
Carbon disulfide
Carbonyl sulfide
2-Chloroacetophenone
Chloroform
' , v. s yf j. ,
;Ky^ f __ \}^.' J*,A
*\ ><. v^> *>>?^1-'S f ~" "<
^) -. v.V s %^:&,?" **
5040, Draft 5041a
Draft 8315
18
18
8310
5040, Draft 5041
15
5040, Draft 5041
Draft 8315
18
f. SS J f %
5XSS >%-,,.,. X ' SM-X.
**: % ^ilimesits.
-------
Table 2
Continued
( i [ ij y ^ > ^ ซr^ $VA
"V K ,. H "*" ' *$y ^ v " ^
. ;."u ,i c^mDo^/dttHD^i :>-
Chloromethyl methyl ether
Chloroprene
2,4-D salts and esters
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
1,3-Dichloropropene
1, 1-Dimethylhydrazine
1,4-Dioxane
1,2-Epoxybutane
Ethyl acrylate
Ethylbenzene
Ethyl chloride
- t ,
" * s
,, \ ~.
! 'SaiB&liiifi
18
18
0010
0030
18
18
0030
18
18
18
0030
18
i -'}/'-- &< -' "-'/
: / - , *4,'fv.^ ' J;,
: '%AUSivSlS , ''
18
18
8270
5040, Draft 5041
18
18
5040, Draft 504 la
18
18 '-
18
5040, Draft 5041
18
, '
tbismftftts ,
Applies to esters
only.
Qualitative only;
boiling point outside
directly applicable
range of
methodology.
Analysis of VOST
condensate
suggested.
Qualitative only;
boiling point outside
directly applicable
range of
methodology.
273-026-32/cah,061op
Soetton,2
2-30
-------
Table 2
Continued
'fc^ftsv'*1' ~- 'S!*''vS"v* J&fW rt -I.^" SS< *ป t*Q+f^ v.sf : . s s
Ethylene dibromide
Ethylene dichloride
Ethylene imine
Ethylene oxide
Ethylidene dichloride
Formaldehyde
. Glycol ethers
Hexane
Hydroquinone
Isophorone
Methyl bromide
Methyl, chloride
Methyl ethyl ketone
- " %v &'-*,
' " ".--". ,",,",,"
*-Saaj0Hait
0030
18
18
18
18
18
0010
18
Draft 0011
Draft 0011
18
18
0030
-. -.<. j & f-JVf. f f j.
*+*.<.'",' J \A
: -. <-. <%% ...-. \-.<* MT f ซs
/. M, ^ ^ '.- v ^
IJw1* ^^> ^Jv^ ^ %^ซ.
^ -"^ ^ w.^ J.AW f -.-, v >w * >
u--"-^ Auaivds. -- ^
5040, Draft 5041
18
18
18
18
18
632
18
Draft 8315
Draft 8315
18
18
5040, Draft 504 la
- ,, .. "" '~\>
* f '
'.,'''
- - "" C6aa&!.ats - ' '" -
Qualitative only;
boiling point outside
directly applicable
range of
methodology.
Some members of
the class may
require HPLC
analytical method
because of low
volatility.
Analysis of
condensate
suggested.
275-026-32/cah.061 oo
Section.2
2-31
-------
Table 2
Continued
>- fvr ' ysr- 5.
* * ป ^ * s NJ^
I i1 r C1^*1 *" "* '5^i;''' v"" *
2L>. Comboia^yCli^mkil ^
Methyl hydrazine
Methyl iodide
Methyl isocyanate
Methyl methacrylate
Methyl tert-butyl ether
Methylene chloride
Methylene diphenyl
diisocyanate
Naphthalene
4-Nitrobiphenyl
N-Nitroso-N-methylurea
N-Nitrosomorpholine
Polychlorinated biphenyls
Propionaldehyde
Propylene dichloride
Propylene oxide
1,2-Propyleneimine
Quinone
,'*... i^-'V^'-^r^ *ฃ
y, ^.'..^L "^ f$*Z *+'&&$''$
^88SWSฃ8&%*
18
18
18
18
18
18
0010
0010
0010
0010
0010
0010
18
18
18
18
0010
^i^ft '--J*, & ,,A,,, '"*
f'-.-.-'U-'^ ,f-s >'%' ' ,'". ''
W^M^&^^
18
18
18
18
18
18
632
8310
8310
632
632
8270
18
18
18
18
8270
- ^ xV **'*,'**
< & * S f 4" ฃ* f * ff /
'"'' -; /^imaetits ''^
HPLC analysis may
be required.
HPLC analysis may
be required.
HPLC analysis may
be required.
Detection limits
much poorer than
primary method.
27S-02S-32/cah.061op
2-32
-------
Table 2
Continued
~r\ - *x ^Wl^- - -
,~*- o % ;,%..?,%, ซ>,"
"<"amttteM/Cfomi4iฃ' '
Styrene
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-
p-dioxin
Tetrachloroethylene
2,4-Toluenediamine
2,4-Toluene diisocyanate
1, 1,2-Trichloroethane
2,2,4-Trimethylpentane
, ซ, f
\ c
x Saas&Jing
0030
0010
0010
0010
0010
0010
18
': ' f ฃ,,' --JX..- #<' s4 s;ซ.*
i ''"/ - ' "*ซ " *<^*,'
i ' ' "''Affi^Wfe""^*'
5040, Draft 5041
8280, Draft 8290
8270
632
632
8270
18
v % ^
S^* Cdaim^ai'" '
Qualitative only;
boiling point outside
directly applicable
range of
methodology. Also,
styrene is a common
decomposition
product of Tenaxฎ;
blanks may be a
problem.
Compound is
sufficiently volatile
to be lost in an
extract
concentration step.
HPLC analysis may
be required.
HPLC analysis may
be required.
Compound is
sufficiently volatile
to be lost in an
extract
concentration step.
275-026-32/ca(i.061oo
Section.2
2-33
-------
Table 2
Continued
>*f "% vwu^,, < fijiy, ".s "* '"''X-. s s s^v
* lfpl ,' ..'., ' -'A,^ -" '""^ ' "*' *
..taMซปarfa&aa&^^
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Xylenes (isomers and
mixture)
o-Xylene
m-Xylene
p-Xylene
x^t.r-t ^ซ.
fff v w^- ^ *v s f
.. ^SajB&lfitg''-"
18
18
18
106
18
0030
0030
0030
0030
V# ^ *> x*"^- "
, ,f.. - -, ,-ซ.. ,
:^ <**. - '?''- .--,,. ,<-V
i'&''VAdidซi*lซH;S
18
18
18
106
18
5040, Draft 5041
5040, Draft 5041
5040, Draft 5041
5040, Draft 5041
t
f f
% f
. " *S ' * * ' "
<ฃ","- CftiBm&iits '/-
Qualitative only;
boiling point outside
the directly
applicable range of
the methodology.
Qualitative only;
boiling point outside
the directly
applicable range of
the methodology.
Qualitative only;
boiling point outside
the directly
applicable range of
the methodology.
Qualitative only;
boiling point outside
the directly
applicable range of
the methodology.
275-0 2S-32/can.061op
Scetion.2
2-34
-------
Table 2
Continued
L,; V&'tK.f ..V '& * "^ -1 "" ' ", ฃ,,,,., ", -s-"
^V^j&^t* H :* ?s^~v~
^^Csft^ofiiid^Ch^ajfcal'' -'
Asbestos
Arsenic compounds
Chlorine
Cyanide compounds
Mineral fibers .
Phosphine
Lead compounds
Beryllium compounds
<. j s j > >
" ซ* ^
f f fff ^ f,
f*s A .-.. f-.vjf jv *
- "SmsxiastSL'
NIOSH .
7400
18
18
9010,9012
NIOSH
7400
18
12
103, 104
5-A-- ' -^^y - xs,,"*"
: "" "ฃ ss :" " *v " &*
& ^Z fl$^^'
^ "&ฃ&&?&&?&"<"
NIOSH 7400
18
18
9010,9012
NIOSH 7400
18
12
103, 104
'V^\;-:v,r ;i -
f- ', ,-
*- "- C&asji&irrts -- '"
Methodology not
directly applicable
to stationary
sources.
Methodology cannot
differentiate
between asbestos
and other mineral
fibers.
Some of the
compounds in this
category are
sufficiently volatile
for application of
Method 18.
Method cannot
differentiate
between asbestos
and other mineral
fibers.
Validated method.
Validated method.
275-026-32/cah.061op
Sectlon.2
2-35
-------
Table 2
Continued
Tj^l&v* ' , ' , ^
" * 1%43rซV ' .^ "', >', ''',"
,'" " '
-------
possible to perform quantitative sampling and analysis of a particular analyte with a
certain methodology. However, this same analyte may also be observed when a different
methodology is applied, although not quantitatively analyzed. There may be
circumstances in which the qualitative information still has value: recognizing that the
data are not quantitative, the user can still obtain some indication of the presence or
absence of a given analyte.
The alternative methodology is not necessarily validated, since complete validation
of a multi-analyte sampling and analytical methodology would cause the methodology to
be selected as a primary methodology. Method 18, for example, is a methodology which
has been published in the Federal Register. However, the applicability of this
methodology to many Clean Air Act analytes must be established.
23 Stationary Source non-Point Emissions
The vast majority of the Methods listed in Tables 1 and 2 are directly applicable
to stacks. However, a stationary source is any emission source which does not move.
There can be stationary sources which are not stacks, such as vents or ducts. In the
sampling and analysis of non-stack stationary sources, the primary methodologies listed
in Table 1 can frequently be applied. However, methods developed for the sampling and
analysis of ambient air samples may also be applicable with some adaptation or
modification. If ambient methodology is applied, appropriate precautions must be taken
to ensure that the capacity of the methodology is not exceeded so that results will be
quantitative. Table 3 summarizes the methods developed for ambient air sampling which
would be applicable to a non-stack stationary source. Care must be taken with all of
these methods to avoid saturation: typical ambient concentration levels are low ppbv,
whereas some stationary sources can have concentrations at ppmv levels. Ambient
methods which require the use of sorbents (see Section 3.0) are susceptible to saturation
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section.2.
2-37
-------
of the sorbent if concentration levels are high. If the capacity of the sorbent is saturated,
breakthrough will occur and quantitative sampling/analysis cannot be performed.
23 Making Use of Collected Information
There are many options for using the information compiled in this report. The
two major methodologies in performing stationary source testing for organic compounds
are the Volatile Organic Sampling Train (VOST) which is a combination of SW-846
Method 0030 for sampling and SW-846 Method 5040 or SW-846 Draft Method 5041 for
analysis and the SemiVolatile Organic Sampling Train (SemiVOST), which is a
combination of SW-846 Method 0010 for sampling and SW-846 Method 8270 for
analysis. The methods divide according to boiling point: a volatile organic compound
for the VOST is any compound with a boiling point less than 100ฐC, while a semivolatile
organic compound for the SemiVOST is any organic compound with a boiling point
above 100ฐC. The Multiple Metals Sampling Train (SW-846 Draft Method 0012) is the
methodology most commonly used for sampling and analyzing metals and inorganic
compounds. Appendix A can be used as a pathway to an initial decision tree, below.
Organic
or
Inorganic
analyte ?
Organic Analyte
Inorganic Analyte
Volatile
BP< 100ฐC
Semivolatlla
BP> 100ฐC
27S-026-32/can.061oo
Seetlon.2
2-38
-------
Table 3
Sampling and Analytical Methodology for Stationary Source non-Point Emissions
^>&$^v'J%r^'?if?ฃ''' V-X ,,v '#3^
>S&*-^yw^ ^X^'^IS-^r' > -
^"<&mpQw*dฃ&",' "" ';-l';, '"-,:, f "Ss, / ^V^t*'
IS--V '" '.. ' . ,, . . .. s ,
'.' V~, ^J-j-^J v^ ปm'<. v< yX ^ ', A/-
^t Ss:sipibng and! Aaals&fs --
TO-5
TO-11
TO- 13
TO-14
TO-5
TO-13
TO-13
TO-5
TO-11
TO-13
TO-13
TO-1
TO-14
TO-1
TO-2
TO-14
TO-13
TO-13
TO-13
TO-1
TO-2
TO-14
-------
Table 3
Continued
1 " ' " ซ ปA < > " ./"ซ,/ ' -
iiy'i'l1 IrSf, ป't* i i'||K,j,!j it' /, ,A',\^ 1 .
....-.ป CtomtJOtStl/Cbemieal >
Benzidine
Benzotrichloride
Benzyl chloride
Biphenyl
Bis (2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate
Bis (chloromethyl)' ether
Bromoform
1,3-Butadiene
Caprolactam
Captan
Carbaryl
Carbon disulfide
. ^ *" > f . ** f f %
s v * ^ % ^ซ- -^- / ' A- s
^-"! '' '' "*ฃ' ' T/V' ^ll"'
U'lSameKiifiE^id Aiial^l^'
TO-13
TO-1
TO-13
TO-1
TO-13
TO-13
TO-13
TO-1
TOrl4
TO-1
TO-14
TO-1
TO-2
TO-14
TO-13
TO-4
TO- 10
TO-13
TO-1
- ;'C>
-:: ^
Mod
orH
Mod
Mod
Mod:
Mod;
reco\
acid
Modi
orH]
Modi
Comi
decor
Modified to use GC/MS
Modified to use GC/MS.
Modified to use GC/MS.
Modified to use GC/MS.
Modified to use GC/MS;
recovery is optimized with
Modified to use GC/MS
Modified to use HPLC.
decompose upon standing.
275-026-32/cah.0610D
Section.Z
2-40
-------
Table 3
Continued
\9S!<#&*& ^f>< ''4%^&
. -.X v.4 T^-t.. Jy.*$<&, x, V, *&<''&, -f '
^:i;omt?Q^i^/aiefiiie^r''^
Carbon tetrachloride
Carbonyl sulfide
Catechol
Chloramben
Chlordane
Chloroacetic acid
2-Chloroacetophenone
Chlorobenzene
Chlorobenzilate
Chloroform
Chloromethyl methyl ether
Chloroprene
i .'>,' s '"*,, "'' , -.-., 4'''' ^ . s v.-^/.; ^ ^
_. ' ** '''" ^^ . '''v^'''^
LI Sabitfte A^Aitals^
TO-1
TO-2
TO- 14
TO-1
TO-14
TO- 13
TO- 13
TO-4
TO- 10
TO- 13
TO-5
TO-11
TO- 13
TO-1
TO-14
TO- 13
TO-1
TO-2
TO-14
TO-1
TO-14
TO-1
TO-14
' v ^ ' * ** ^ , "...
ฃ -- '> f , -- , ->,*'* v
<. s fffff S , . .. ' *f Y
ff* vS > \^ &s fff f^-r f . f f -, f ff f v
- -*-' -^Cmauieuts' "-- l-<<
Modified to use GC/MS.
Modified to use HPLC.
Modified to use GC/MS;
compound requires
derivatization for analysis.
Modified to use GC/MS.
Modified to use GC/MS.
275-026-32/cah.061on
Section.2
2-41
-------
Table 3
Continued
\ I'",1 I1,!,'1 r ",*'"*' *j s, ^v 5 * ^ ""'
>)Wi'i 'i" ซM'ซป*iliSL* ' -.- , H-. >, II
4 1 ' '*f,<*JMk '""ป!"* '*' ** -">ซ - ' **
....*.: Cbปtjmiad/<&e;taka!i .v
o-Cresol
m-Cresol
p-Cresol
Cresylic acid
Cumene
2,4-D salts and esters
DDE
Diazomethane
Dibenzofurans
l,2-Dibromo-3-
chloropropane
Dibutyl phthalate
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine
^'w-wv..;^ ^"-^-' -'*''' - "
v^^V^lrr^XxS-^ ;
-------
Table 3
Continued
l^T'himieoi^&bdJtttcal :-
Dichloroethyl ether
1,3-Dichloropropane
Dichlorvos
Diethanolamine
N,N-Diethylaniline
Diethyl sulfate
3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine
Dimethylaminoazobenzene
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine
Dimethyl carbamoyl
chloride
Dimethyl formamide
1, 1-Dimethylhydrazine
Dimethyl phthalate
Dimethyl sulfate
4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol and
salts
i ซ-,, ,, ,, , ""' $"*;#. ","*-'& fj^, &ฃ*&$
;ฃฃ* :,',;,",>, t.\r~>^^x$j?g%^2zฃ&,
(:^imt&t&M&&M&* -
TO-13
TO-1
TO- 14
TO-13
TO-13
TO-13
TO-13
TO-13
TO-13
TO-13
TO-13
TO-13
TO-1
TO-14
TO-13
TO-13
TO-13
%ฎปi&*''ik !, i'2 ' '* '' "' -
*%$#}%?ฃ* *,"'',-%' '^' .,,/'
'"K"'^'f''C&T&m&&t$ "'"'
Modified to use GC/MS.
Modified to use GC/MS.
Modified to use GC/MS
or HPLC.
Modified to use GC/MS.
Modified to use GC/MS.
Modified to use GC/MS
or HPLC.
Modified to use GC/MS.
Modified to use GC/MS
or HPLC.
Modified to use HPLC.
Modified to use GC/MS
or HPLC.
Compound is unstable.
Modified to use GC/MS.
Modified to use GC/MS.
Modified to use HPLC.
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section.2
2-43
-------
Table 3
Continued
iliijili'lU''' fa* ซ NWMS&X4H >s 1^4.1^1
..M Comt3otffi3/^emicalซ^
2,4-Dinitrophenol
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
1,4-Dioxane
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine
Epichlorohydrin
1,2-Epoxybutane
Ethyl acrylate
Ethylbenzene
Ethyl carbamate
Ethyl chloride
Ethylene dibromide
Ethylene dichloride
i^'\ ' ..-i " *> - >, '?' V < f',-. . *S ' ,'>",
.--a'^v, ซ,^ซ ' S\i'\'v''^A
r^sanflfeOT and Aaatv^s *
TO-13
TO- 13
TO-1
TO-14
TO-13
TO-13
TO-1
TO-14
TO-1
TO-14
TO-1
TO-14
TO-13
TO-1
TO-2
TO-14
TO-1
TO-13
TO-14
TO-1
TO-2
TO-14
',?"*ฃ 'ป,
"tyf-f" M,
ซS&cฃ/f\
Modii
Modii
Modif
or HP
Modif
or HP
Comp
and p<
Modif
Modif]
i?i$&iff
-------
Table 3
Continued
-XVXs' -"WN * "^si-.**" " S " "***' .. A -"s f
~4=&sซ>&-^ ^Jus^X '> s \
.r**toซ*^/t3ปttf^
Ethylene Glycol
Ethylene inline
Ethylene oxide
Ethylene thiourea
Ethylidene dichloride
Formaldehyde
Glycol ethers
Heptachlor
Hexachlorohenzene
Hexachlorobutadiene
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
Hexachloroethane
Hexamethylene- 1,6-
diisocyanate
," " s " > " " ,-*'/,,
\ ' Y*^ "^ "- -. - \- *;*$* *
i^&rซj^iwrซadl Aa&vs!^
TO-13
TO-1
TO-14
TO-14
TO-13
TO-1
TO-14
TO-5
TO- 11
TO-13
TO-4
TO- 10
TO-13
TO-1
TO-13
TO-14
TO-13
TO-1
TO-13
TO-14
TO-13
\S f ** f
. ViZ V. S ^ S .
5 ri^xVx A ^s v' '
' X>' ~v C^iauieiits:
Modified to use GC/MS
or HPLC.
Modified to use HPLC.
Modified to use GC/MS
or HPLC.
Modified to use GC/MS.
Modified to use GC/MS.
. May not be quantitative.
Modified to use GC/MS.
Modified to use GC/MS.
Modified to use GC/MS
or HPLC.
275-026-32/cah.061oo
Section.2
2-45
-------
Table 3
Continued
1A fy ^ ^"^^ "if ^
Hexamethylphosphoramide
Hexane
Hydrazine
Hydroquinone
Isophorone
Ondane
Maleic anhydride
Methanol
Methoxychlor
Methyl bromide
Methyl chloride
: - ,".."", ', ' \;, \
- -: - f;/v< x <,*i> '<, -.-"
' ; . " " * >*t' ^j?*^'** ', ',*<,>,
..,,.$m&t& liid Aiial^ls^
TO- 13
TO-1
TO-14
18
TO- 13
TO-5
TO- 11
TO- 13
TO-4
TO- 10
TO- 13
TO-14
TO-4
TO- 10
TO- 13
TO-1
TO-2
TO-14
TO-1
TO-2
TO-14
t , ' '
\ ' ' '/,-
'*'.'ซ.?} Cttiarfteuts ^"- ''
Modified to use GC/MS
or HPLC.
Modified to use GC/MS
or HPLC.
Modified to use GC/MS.
Modified to use GC/MS
or HPLC.
GC/MD.
Modified to use GC/MS
or HPLC.
Breakthrough problem.
t
Breakthrough problem.
27S-02S-32.'car>.061op
Sect!on,2
2-46
-------
Table 3
Continued
ซ /. s , ,.ฃ%,'*.. 0< s V<*-V ':?" -..-..ซ -'".ฃ:.. V.5
54?^ !^VS^ f ^ "?^
Methyl chloroform
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl hydrazine
Methyl iodide
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Methyl isocyanate
Methyl methacrylate
Methyl tert-butyl ketone
4,4'-Methylene bis (2-
chloroaniline)
; ' ' v . -.-.'' ' " **ป '' ^ '" '* v"v
''sji?,,, '"'' ' "^ /".'*? ;?''' XX1', '^>
L.::.Sataป1lag'a^3 ^iaalv^l^^
TO-l
TO-2
TO- 14
TO-l
TO-5
TO-11
TO- 14
TO-l
TO-14
TO-l
TO-14
TO-l
TO-5
TO-11
TO-14
TO-l
TO-14
TO-l
TO-14
TO-l
TO-5
TO-11
TO-14
TO- 13
"..,-;'.- ''-- -,- -- .','.. ..* > ,/.,.
,ป> * , -; , , . _w^
^^"-Cttsarseuts,; ^;\
Modified to use GC/MS
or HPLC
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section.2
2-47
-------
Table 3
Continued
liOT1 1 fl ti ii 1 1, [ 1ฐ ^ t [ W%*P ji 3|ft l ป ฃ V < . Vi v
Jilt' ^ffitjdtoul/Chemtiiair'^
Methylene chloride
Methyl diphenyl
diisocyanate
4,4'-Methylene dianiline
Naphthalene
Nitrobenzene
4-Nitrobiphenyl
4-Nitrophenol
2-Nitropropane
N-Nitroso-N-methylurea
N-Nitrosodimethylaniline
N-Nitrosomorpholine
, * jj ซ* , s ,, '
$. s " ^if ^ s \ ^ *. " ^v ~
l--~ iis i v"i* ' " A~*%, s i*"^ I ป ^ y
\, .skmt5b8g,aftdAiialvisirir
TO-1
TO-2
TO-14
TO- 13
TO- 13
TO- 13
TO-1
TO-14
TO- 13
TO- 13
TO-1
TO- 13
TO-14
TO-13
TO-1
TO-7
TO-13
TO-7
TO-13
^1" '- / ' x. '"--' \ "" " '
'< ^ />* ^ * 'l^ ^ ""x^ .
^*Jv5 '^y -"^ V -^'-
'>&? S"W 'JL ft * f" ," -'
"i'-^^r^ & iJttairKfttttS,' " - -
Modified to use GC/MS
or HPLC.
Modified to use GC/MS
or HPLC.
Modified to use GC/MS
or HPLC
Modified to use GC/MS
or HPLC.
Modified to use GC/MS.
Modified to use GC/MS.
Modified to use GC/MS
or HPLC.
Very reactive.
Modified to use GC/MS
or HPLC.
Modified to use GC/MS
or HPLC.
275-026-32/can.061oo
Sactfon.2
2-48
-------
Table 3
Continued
f v^y^ *&& k./V- - '^-* -x" >"
^^^^^v ^*?'-^8^ซ^,vv>rซi^",s", ?
Parathion
Pentachloronitrobenzene
Pentachlorophenol
Phenol
p-Phenylenediamine
Phosgene
Phthalic anhydride
Polychlorinated biphenyls
1,3-Propane sultone
beta-Propiolactone
Propionaldehyde
*
Propoxur
Propylene dichloride
Propylene oxide
1,2-Propyleneimine
1 -" "m ^"-^ ^-^ซ%Z?'<. ซ.&> , ,
'.*?*- " " ' ',", <">'" ,f ,-v ' s
^r^mferitid'^aaiv^s^ --
TO-4
TO- 10
TO- 13
TO- 13
TO- 13
TO- 13
TO-6
TO-13
TO- 13 with 680 or 8080
TO-13
TO-13
TO-5
TO- 11
TO-13
TO-1
TO- 14
TO-1
TO- 14
TO-1
TO- 14
' ^ s?^ ''''ฃ '" ^' ^ ^ '
w-- >rf ซA '" ซ ^ " x % ^J. ' "';, ,,,'* '
'^^^^-Ckia^ieii' ?"> ' V
Modified to use GC/MS
or HPLC.
Modified to use GC/MS
or HPLC.
Modified to use GC/MS.
Modified to use GC/MS
or HPLC.
Modified to use GC/MS.
Modified to use GC/MS.
Modified to use GC/MS.
Modified to use HPLC.
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section.2
2-49
-------
Table 3
Continued
fliff>,\\ 'ill, l],l"l" /jffrfc - ', ,?/ ''"\"
'Wiwrr'v 'wi^ป7?;- * -, >s'<^,~~> -
1ป Cbmoaitid/C&emi&al ^"
Quinoline
Quinone
Styrene
Styrene oxide
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-
p-dioxin
1, 1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
2,4-Toluene diamine
2,4-Toluene diisocyanate
o-Toluidine
Toxaphene
L >- 5amtflJilig"sftfffff f
vVA -'oijaiftfejjtS' % "?
Modified to use GC/MS.
Modified to use GC/MS.
Modified to use GC/MS
or HFLC.
Modified to use GC/MS
or HPLC.
Modified to use GC/MS
or HPLC.
273-026-32/cah.061op
See:; on,2
2-50
-------
Table 3
Continued
>H%^' ซW~" , ->'
'^>^!fSx" -'- ;*F"ซ
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
1, 1,2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
Triethylamine
Trifluralin
2,2,4-Trimethylpentane
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
;' ''**ป' -^^ *>\&*&*~kg'
i,- ' ->-, VM ' s-w"7ฃ ,' K. -5,5
i^Saaw^^-Aifef^x:'
TO-l
TO- 13
TO-l
TO-14
TO-l
TO-2
TO-14
TO- 13
TO- 13
TO- 13
TO-4
TO-10
TO-l ..
TO-14
TO-l
TO-14
TO-l
TO-2
TO-14
TO-l
TO-2
TO-14
M *>'*'**< ,',A ^-^ -, < ' ,
';" "sfr".'*'-*-. vปXซ,, , ,
.y ' f
-------
Table 3
Continued
^^:^^:ic5^
:""-* Oimuoimd/Oieml^l^^
Xylenes (isomers and
mixture)
o-Xylene
m-Xylene
p-Xylene
Antimony compounds
Asbestos
Arsenic compounds
Beryllium compounds
Cadmium compounds
Calcium cyanamide
Chlorine
Chromium compounds
Cobalt compounds
Coke oven emissions
Cyanide compounds
i*'*;^'\'ฃ''?}:*^\^\
...*? .ฎaaa&tt&. and "AaalvdEs'S
TO-1
TO-14
TO-1
TO-14
TO-1
TO-14
TO-1
TO-14
Draft 0012
CARB 427
NIOSH 7400
Draft 0012
Draft 0012
Draft 0012
OSHA ID-101
Draft 0012
Draft 0012
109
NIOSH 7904/9010, 9012
,//""*
'' 'Z," '"' ''
"*" C&staseBts' ' '
For visible emissions.
Impinger solution
modified to dilute (0.1 N)
KOH
27S-026-32/cah.061on
Section.2
2-52
-------
Table 3
Continued
5?'?C *>J^f ; } -<^
:.t^cimT5offl/ฃieflaical ,^
Hydrochloric acid
Hydrogen Fluoride
Lead compounds
Manganese compounds
Mercury compounds
Mineral fibers
Nickel compounds
Phosphine
Phosphorus
Polycyclic organic matter
Radionuclides
Selenium compounds
: % f ^v%^^w v's s.v ฃ+\
;'2' '"" "" "Y , 'f' s ' ^ 3ฃ<."-''''' 'ff^.<
LL8&BX&a&*m& Analysis ^
18
26
14
18
Draft 0012
Draft 0012
Draft 0012
GARB 427
NIOSH 7400
Draft 0012
Draft 0012
18
Draft 0012
TO- 13
0020/EPA Docket No. A-
79-11
Draft 0012
"'^ <*> "* <'' /"* ' ^ '' " ' ' ''''
*^ W?v. *.-.?. ^\ *
s ^V'< s jL- "" "" %'^
^^^ftaaiiftats ป ':-'"-
Does not differentiate
between mineral fibers
and asbestos.
Modified to use GC/MS
or HPLC.
Method will detect
gaseous and particulate
forms.
275-026-32/cah.061oD
Section.2
2-53-
-------
Table 3
Continued
Titanium tetrachloride
\3fz*& '
f^.,1
Draft 0012
13A or B
Method measures total
titanium, not species;
compound decomposes at
ambient moisture levels.
275-02S-32/cah.061op
Sectlon.2
2-54
-------
Information presented in Table 1 will give information on the tentative assignment of the
volatile, semivolatile, or inorganic analyte to a combined sampling/analytical
methodology. With the summary information presented in Table 1, the sampling and
analytical methodology can be examined to determine the range of applicability of the
methods and any difficulties which might be expected with the analyte in using the
tentatively assigned methodology. Other decision trees will be possible on the basis of
information from Table 1 and from the discussions of the sampling and analytical
methods (see Figure 1 and Figure 2). The Figures provide only a general guideline,
however, and several checks must be made to be sure that the methodology will be
applicable. After a tentative methodology is identified, Section 3.0, which contains a
summary of the method, with a description of the analytes from the Clean Air Act
Amendments to which the methodology ought to be applicable, must be checked to be
sure that the tentative method is appropriate. With such a broad range of analytes,
many methods must be modified or adapted for reasonable results. For example, a polar
water-soluble organic compound with boiling point less than 100ฐC requires adaptation of
Method 5040 or Draft Method 5041 for any hope of successful analysis.
2.4 Validation of Proposed Methodology
Methodology without validation data can be used only for screening purposes.
Validated methodology should be used, whenever possible, to generate data to determine
regulatory compliance. Table 1 identifies many analytes which require validation of the
sampling and analytical methodology. Some analytes indicate that they are a "target
compound" for SW-846 Method 8270. A "target compound" for Method 8270 is an
organic compound for which the analytical methodology has been validated: that is, the
precision and bias of the analytical methodology have been established in an
interlaboratory study. However, validation of the analytical methodology determines
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section.2
2-55
-------
VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND (BP < 10CTC)
Yes
Polar, Water-soluble?
Yes
No
I
Boiling Point < 30 C
No
I
Polar, Water-soluble?
Yes
No
Consider
Method 18
Consider
Method 18
or
0030/5040
(Draft 5041)
with precautions
to prevent
breakthrough
Consider
Method
0030/5040
(Draft 5041)
modified to optimize
purge efficiency
Consider
Method
0030/5040
(Draft 5041)
No
Aldehyde or Ketonซ?
Yes
Consider
Draft 0011
Draft 8315
Figure 1. Volatile Organic Compounds
27S-026-32/can.06loo
Secoofi.2
2-56
-------
SEMIVOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND (BP > 100ฐC)
Yes
Dloxin/Furan?
No
Consider
Method 23
Aldehyde or Ketone?
Yes
No
Consider Draft 0011,
Draft 8315
1,
Yes
Polychlorinated biphenyi?
No
i
Consider Method 8270
or Method 680
Yes
Polycycllc organic
matter?
No
i
Consider CARS 429
or Method 8310
Consider Method 0010
and 8270
i
See Appendix C, "Problem
POHC Reference Directory"
Special analytical
problems?
See. Table 1 for alternatives
to Method 8270
Figure 2. Semlvolatile Organic Compounds
27S-026-32/can.061 op
Sectlon.2
2-57
-------
only that if the compound is introduced to the analytical instrument, a successful analysis
can be performed. Successful analysis does not mean or even imply that successful
sampling can be performed; the successful functioning of the field sampling
methodology must be demonstrated and documented.
If a validated method is required for a given analyte, a source owner or operator
must validate a proposed methodology to generate data which will meet EPA
requirements. A procedure for performing this validation is available from EPA
("Protocol for the Field Validation of Emission Concentrations from Stationary Sources,"
Method 301). This protocol states that if EPA currently recognizes an appropriate test
method or considers a proposed test method-to be satisfactory for' a particular source,
the Administrator may waive the use of the validation protocol or may specify a less
rigorous validation procedure". The list of validated methods from the Federal Register
includes Methods 1 through 28A. Where these methods are applicable to analytes from
the Clean Air Act Amendments, they are usually applicable to only a single analyte or,
at most, a small group of analytes. Since the goal of this program, was to make the
sampling and analytical methodology as broad as possible, these validated methods are
not used extensively in Table 1. As a general observation, the sampling and analytical
methodology cited in Table 1 does not, except for a few analytes, have a known precision
and bias for a given analyte at a particular type of source. The need for validation of
the proposed methodology, or the availability of partial validation information, is
indicated in Table 1.
Bias is any systematic positive or negative difference between the measured value
and the true value of a sample. Bias is established by comparing the results obtained
from the application of the method against a reference value. Precision is the variability
in the data obtained from the entire measurement system (both sampling and analysis)
as determined from collocated sampling trains. At least two paired sampling trains must
a?3-026-32,'cah.061op
Seciion.2
2-58
-------
be used in order to establish precision. Standards for an acceptable level of bias and
precision are given in the Validation Protocol, and exact procedures for determination of
bias and precision and calculating the values are presented. Bias and precision can also
be determined when an alternative method to a validated method is being proposed. In
general, spiking of the analyte in the field must be performed (an isotopically-labeled
analyte may be used if gas chromatography/mass spectrometry is the ultimate analytical
method), and replicate samples must be taken and analyzed. The field validation must
incorporate:
Summary of appropriate precision and bias calculations;
Certification for the reference material(s) used and the value(s);
Results from a performance audit, if performed, or an explanation of the
inability to perform an audit;
Results of the laboratory demonstration of the quality of the spiking
system;
A discussion of the laboratory evaluations;
A discussion of the field sampling;
A discussion of sample preparation and analysis;
A report of the storage times of samples and/or extracts; and
A discussion of the reasons for the elimination of any results.
There are many conditions under which a waiver from the Validation Protocol
may be obtained. These conditions and the procedure for application for a waiver are
described in the Validation Protocol.
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section.2
2-59
-------
2.5 Quality Assurance/Quality Control COA/OO Procedures
If appropriate Quality Assurance and Quality Control procedures are followed in
the determination of emissions from stationary sources, the level of precision and
accuracy will be documented, and acceptance limits for the precision and accuracy will
be defined. If appropriate Quality Control information is included as part of the final
data report, the process of reviewing the results will be straightforward and effective.
The general format and required topics in a Quality Assurance Project Plan are
presented in "Interim Guidelines and Specifications for Preparing Quality Assurance
Project Plans" (EPA QAMS-005/80, December 29, 1980). The points which must be
addressed in the Quality Assurance Project Plan relative to the generation of data
include:
Quality Assurance objectives for measurement data in terms of precision,
accuracy, completeness, representativeness, and comparability;
Completeness is the amount of valid data obtained from a
measurement system compared to the. amount that was expected
to be obtained under optimal normal conditions.
. Representativeness is the degree to which data accurately
and precisely represent a characteristic of a population,
parameter variations at a sampling point, or an
environmental condition.
Comparability expresses the confidence with which one data
set can be compared to another.
Sampling procedures;
Sample custody;
Calibration procedures and frequency (for both laboratory and field
operations);
2?5-026-32/cah.061oo
5ซctปn.2
2-60
-------
Analytical procedures;
Modifications of standard methods must be identified, with
reasons for the changes.
Data reduction, validation, and reporting;
Internal quality control checks and frequency;
Performance and systems audits and frequency;
Preventive maintenance procedures and schedules;
.. Specific routine procedures to be used in the assessment of data precision,
accuracy, and completeness of specific measurement parameters; and
Corrective action to be taken in case problems are encountered at any
stage of the sampling, analytical, or reporting procedures.
In general, Quality Control procedures for sampling and analysis of volatile organic
compounds (boiling point <100ฐC) must consider the following elements:
Results for blanks;
Calibration of the analytical system(s);
Performance of the sampling/analytical method at the level of 99.99%
Destruction and Removal Efficiency;
Establish prior to taking samples that the analytical
methodology is capable of sufficient sensitivity to detect
and quantify the analyte at the expected concentration
level which will be encountered for the stationary source.
Determination of accuracy and precision;
Replicate spiking studies at the expected concentration
level for the analyte must be performed to demonstrate
the reproducibility and accuracy of the methodology.
275-026-32/cah.061oo
Section.2
2-61
-------
Assessment of method accuracy using calibration check standards and
surrogate compounds;
Breakthrough ratios of analytes on sorbent, if sorbents are used; and
Sampling is not quantitative if the capacity of the sorbent
exceeded.
Determination of detection limits.
Quality control procedures for sampling and analysis of semivolatile organic
compounds (boiling points > 100ฐC) must consider the following elements:
Demonstration of method performance at the 99.99% Destruction and
Removal Efficiency level;
Calibration of the analytical system;
Assessment of method accuracy using calibration check standards,
surrogate compounds, and spiked samples;
Determination of method precision by analysis of replicate samples;
Determination of the detection limit for the analytical methodology; and
Analysis of appropriate laboratory and fiel'd blanks.
The following quality control elements must be considered in metals sampling and
analysis:
Definition of the need for analysis of metals, the definition of metal
analytes of interest, and the concentration limits for regulatory purposes;
Determination of the accuracy of the analytical procedures by use of
calibration check samples, reference materials, and spiked samples;
27S-026-32/cah.061oo
Section, 2
2-62
-------
Assessment of method precision by preparation and analysis of replicate
samples; and
Determination of the method detection limit for a given matrix.
Sampling and analytical procedures presently available do not speciate inorganic
compounds. Development of methodology is required for speciation of inorganic
compounds. In addition, for each analytical method, there are specific quality control
procedures which address the identification of analytes and performance of correct
quantitative calculations to determine the concentration of the analytes in samples which
have been taken in the field at a stationary source.
275-026-32/cah.06t op
Section.2
2-63
-------
-------
SECTION 3.0
DESCRIPTIONS OF METHODS
This section contains a short description of each of the methods listed in Table 1.
Each description includes:
The scope and application of the methodology;
A short summary of the method;
Interferences, including matrix problems, if any are known;
Method target compounds: i.e., all compounds for which the
methodology is validated; and
Applicable CAA Amendments Pollutants: i.e., hazardous air
pollutants listed in the CAA Amendments to which the methodology
may be applied:
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section 3
3-1
-------
275ซ26-32/can.061oo
sictton 3
3-2
-------
EPA METHOD 0010
Modified Method 5 Sampling Train
REFERENCE:
Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Third Edition. Report No. SW-846. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
Washington, DC: 1986.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Method 0010 is used to determine the Destruction and Removal Efficiency
(DRE) of semivolatile principal organic hazardous constituents (POHCs) from
incineration systems. This method may also be used to determine particulate emission
rates from stationary sources, as per EPA Method 5 (see the Reference Table included
in the description of Method 0010 in SW-846). Method 0010 has been applied to
semivolatile compounds, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), chlorinated
dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans, polycyclic organic matter, and other semivolatile
organic compounds.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Gaseous and particulate pollutants are withdrawn isokinetically from an emission
source and collected in a multicomponent sampling train. Principal components of the
train include a high-efficiency glass- or quartz-fiber filter and a packed bed of porous
polymeric adsorbent resin (typically XAD-2ฎ or polyurethane foam for PCBs). The filter
is used to collect organic-laden particulate materials and the porous polymeric resin to
adsorb semivolatile organic species (compounds with a boiling point above 100ฐC).
275-026-32/cah.0610D
Section 3
3-3
-------
Comprehensive chemical analyses, using a variety of applicable analytical methodologies,
are conducted to determine the identity and concentration of the organic materials.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Oxides of nitrogen (NOX) are possible interferents in the determination of certain
water-soluble compounds such as 1,4-dioxane, phenol, and urethane. Reaction of these
compounds with NOX in the presence of moisture will reduce their concentration. Other
chemical reactions are possible, since SO2, O3, and other reactive species may be present
in the emissions. Other problems that could produce a positive or a negative bias,
depending upon the compounds of interest, are:
Stability of the compound of interest in methylene chloride, since at least
one of the common analytical methods relies upon methylene chloride
extraction of the sorbent media from the sampling train;
Formation of water-soluble organic salts on the resin in the presence of
moisture (compounds that form water-soluble salts can be recovered by
appropriate control of pH during the extraction process); and
Solvent-extraction efficiency of water-soluble compounds from aqueous
media.
When gas chromatography/mass spectrometry is used as the analytical technique,
compounds that coelute chromatographically can frequently be deconvoluted if their
mass spectra are different. Using two or more ions per compound in quantitative
analysis can overcome interference at one mass; however, if the concentration of the
compound of interest is sufficient to saturate the detector at a given mass, an alternative
mass MAY NOT be selected. In this case, the extract must be diluted to bring the
concentration of the compound of interest into the calibration range in order to obtain
accurate quantitative analysis.
27S-026-32/cah.061oo
Section 3
3-4
-------
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
Method 0010 is an extremely powerful and versatile methodology. A single
analytical methodology cannot simultaneously address all semivolatile compounds for
which Method 0010 might serve as a sampling methodology. Appropriate target
compounds are listed under the pertinent analytical methodology in Table 1. Method
detection limits are a function of volume sampled, and the volume that is sampled will
also vary according to the analyte.
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
acetamide (Method 8270)*
acetophenone (Method 8270; 8270 target)
2-acetylaminofluorene (Method 8270)
acrylamide (Method 8270)
acrylic acid (Method 8270 with derivatization)
4-aminobiphenyl (Method 8270; 8270 target)
aniline (Method 8270; 8270 target)
o-anisidine (Method 8270)
benzidine (Method 8270; 8270 target)
benzotrichloride (Method 8270)
benzyl chloride (Method 8270)
biphenyl (Method 8270; also Method 8310)
bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (Method 8270; 8270 target)
bromoform (Method 8270)
caprolactam (Method 632)
captan (Method 8270)
carbaryl (Method 632)
catechol (Method 8270)
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section 3
3-5
-------
chloramben (Method 515/615)
chlordane (Method 8270; 8270 target)
chloroacetic acid (Method 8270 with derivatization)
2-chloroacetophenone (Method 8270)
chlorobenzene (Method 8270)
chlorobenzilate (Method 8270)
,2-cresol (Method 8270; 8270 target)
jB-cresol (Method 8270)
S-cresol (Method 8270; 8270 target)
cresylic acid (mixture of cresol isomers; Method 8270)
cumene (Method 8270)
2,4-D salts and esters (2,4-D, Method 8270; 8270 target; salts and esters,
Method 515/615)
DDE (Method 8270; 8270 target)
dibenzofurans (Method 8280, Method 8290)
l,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (Method 8270)
dibutyl phthalate (Method 8270; 8270 target)
1,4-dichlorobenzene (Method 8270; 8270 target)
3,3'-dichlorobenzidine (Method 8270; 8270 target)
dichloroethyl ether (Method 8270)
1,3-dichloropropene (Method 8270)
dichlorvos (Method 8270)
diethanolamine (Method 8270, possibly Method 632)
N,N-diethylaniline (Method 8270)
diethyl sulfate (Method 8270)
3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine (Method 8270)
dimethylaminoazobenzene (Method 8270; 8270 target)
3,3'-dimethylbenzidine (Method 8270)
dimethyl carbamoyl chloride (Method 531)
a75-026-32/cah.061oo
Section 3
3-6
-------
dimethyl formamide (Method 8270)
dimethyl phthalate (Method 8270; 8270 target)
dimethyl sulfate (Method 8270)
4,6-dinitro-o-cresol and salts (Method 8270 for 4,6-dinitro-.Q-cresol;
Method 515/615 for 4,6-dinitrorfi-cresol and salts)
2,4-dmitrophenol (Method 8270; 8270 target)
2,4-dinitrotoluene (Method 8270; Method 8270 target).
1,4-dioxane (Method 8270)
1,2-diphenylhydrazine (Method 8270; 8270 target)
epichlorohydrin (Method 8270)
ethylbenzene (Method 8270)
ethyl carbamate (Method 632)
ethylene dibromide (Method 8270)
ethylene glycol (Method 8270)
ethylene thiourea (Method 632)
glycol ethers (Method 8270)
heptachlor (Method 8270; 8270 target)
hexachlorobenzene (Method 8270; 8270 target)
hexachlorobutadiene (Method 8270; 8270 target)
hexachlorocyclopentadiene (Method 8270; 8270 target)
hexachloroethane (Method 8270; 8270 target)
hexamethylene-l,6-diisocyanate (Method 8270)
hexamethylphosphoramide (Method 632)
hydroquinone (Method 8270)
isophorone (Method 8270; 8270 target)
lindane (Method 8270)
maleic anhydride (Method 8270)
methoxychlor (Method 8270; 8270 target)
methyl isobutyl ketone (Method 8270)
275-026-32/can.061op
Section 3 _
3-7
-------
4,4'-methylene bis(2-chloroaniline) (Method 8270)
methylene diphenyl isocyanate (Method 8270 or Method 632)
4,4'-methylenedianiline (Method 8270)
naphthalene (Method 8270; 8270 target; also Method 8310)
nitrobenzene (Method 8270; 8270 target)
4-nitrobiphenyl (Method 8270; also Method 8310)
4-nitrophenol (Method 8270; 8270 target)
2-nitropropane (Method 8270)
N-nitroso-N-methylurea (Method 8270, possibly Method 632)
N-nitrosodimethylamine (Method 8270; 8270 target)
N-nitrosomorpholine (Method 8270, possibly Method 632)
parathion (Method 8270)
pentachloronitrobenzene (Method 8270; 8270 target)
pentachlorophenol (Method 8270; 8270 target)
phenol (Method 8270; 8270 target)
p-phenylenediamine (Method 8270)
phthalic anhydride (Method 8270)
polychlorinated biphenyls (Method 8270 with very high detection limits;
Method 680)
1,3-propane sultone (Method 8270)
. beta-propiolactone (Method 8270)
propoxur (Method 632)
quinoline (Method 8270)
quinone (Method 8270)
styrene (Method 8270)
styrene oxide (Method 8270)
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (Method 8280, Method 8290)
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (Method 8270)
tetrachloroethylene (Method 8270)
2?5-Oa6-32/cah,OSlop
Section 3
3-8
-------
toluene (Method 8270)
2,4-toluenediamine (Method 8270, Method 632)
2,4-toluenediisocyanate (Method 8270, Method 632)
o-toluidine (Method 8270)
toxaphene (Method 8270; 8270 target)
1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (Method 8270)
1,1,2-trichloroethane (Method 8270)
2,4,5-trichlorophenol (Method 8270; 8270 target)
2,4,6-trichlorophenol (Method 8270; 8270 target)
trifluralin (Method 8270)
xylenes: o-xylene, m-xylene, ฃ-xylene (Method 8270)
polycyclic organic matter (Method 8270; Method 8310)
* The appropriate analytical methodology for each pollutant is shown in
parenthesis.
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section 3
3-9
-------
275-026-32/ca(i.061op
Section 3
3-10
-------
EPA DRAFT METHOD 0011
Sampling for Formaldehyde Emissions from Stationary Sources
REFERENCE:
Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Third Edition. Report No. SW-846. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
Washington, DC: 1986.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Draft Method 0011 is used to determine the Destruction and Removal
Efficiency (DRE) of formaldehyde. Although this methodology has been applied
specifically to formaldehyde, many laboratories have extended the application to other
aldehydes and ketones. Compounds derivatized with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH)
can be detected in concentrations as low as 6.4 x 10"8 Ibs/cu ft (1.8 ppbv) in 40 cu ft of
stack gas sampled over a 1-hour period.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Gaseous and particulate pollutants are withdrawn isokinetically from an emission
source and are collected in aqueous acidic DNPH solution. Formaldehyde (and other
aldehydes and ketones) present in the emissions reacts with DNPH to form the
dinitrophenylhydrazone derivative. The dinitrophenylhydrazone derivative is extracted,
solvent-exchanged, concentrated, and then analyzed by high-performance liquid
chromatography.
275-026-32/cah.061oc
Section 3
3-11
-------
3.0 INTERFERENCES
A chromatographic method is subject to interference from coeluting components
of the matrix. A decomposition product of DNPH, 2,4-dinitroaniline, can be an
analytical interferent if concentrations are high. High concentrations of oxygenated
compounds, especially acetone, that have the same retention time or nearly the same
retention time as the dinitrophenylhydrazone of formaldehyde and that also absorb at
360 nm will interfere with the analysis. Contamination of the aqueous acidic DNPH
reagent with formaldehyde and 2,4-dinitroaniline is frequently encountered. The reagent
must be prepared within five days of field use and must be stored in an uncontaminated
environment both before and after sampling in order to minimize blank problems.
Because acetone is ubiquitous in laboratory and field operations, some level of acetone
contamination is unavoidable; however, it must be minimized to the extent possible.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
Aldehydes
Ketones
5.0 APPLICABLE CLEAN AIR ACT LIST COMPOUNDS
acetophenone
acrolein
2-chloroacetopheno ne
formaldehyde
isophorone
methyl ethyl ketone
methyl isobutyl ketone
propionaldehyde
quinone
27S-026-32/can.061oo
Section 3
3-12
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EPA METHOD 0012
Multi-Metal Train
REFERENCE:
Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Third Edition. Report No. SW-846. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
Washington, DC: 1986.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Method 0012 is used to determine metals from municipal waste incinerators
and similar combustion processes. In addition, the method may be modified to
determine paniculate emissions.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Method 0012 consists of a stack sampling train and a number of analysis
techniques for the recovered samples. The source sample is withdrawn isokinetically
from the stack through a heated probe. The majority of the particulate emissions are
collected on a filter in a heated filter holder that is located after the probe outside the
stack. The gaseous emissions are collected in a series of chilled impingers located after
the filter. Two of the impingers contain dilute nitric acid in hydrogen peroxide, and one
or two, contain acidic potassium permanganate solution.
Sample train components are recovered and digested in acid as separate fractions.
The impingers and digested probe and filter solutions are analyzed for mercury by cold
vapor atomic absorption spectroscopy. All the sampling train components, except the
permanganate solution, can be analyzed by inductively coupled argon plasma emission
275-026-32/cah.061 op
Section 3
3-13
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spectroscopy (ICAP) or atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Graphite furnace atomic
spectroscopy (GFAAS) is used for analysis of arsenic, cadmium, lead, antimony,
selemium, and thallium if greater analytic sensitivity is required. For convenience, AAS
may be used to analyze for all metals and/or a combined sample in a single analytical
determination, provided the resulting detection limits meet the data quality objectives of
the testing program. Detection limits for the target compounds range from 0.11 to
27 /
-------
cadmium*
chromium*
copper* *
lead*
manganese**
mercury*
nickel*
phosphorus**
selenium**
silver**
thallium**
zinc*
'Primary target compounds
** Secondary target compounds
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
NOTE: Draft Method 0012 analytical methods do not speciate inorganic
compounds.
antimony compounds
arsenic compounds
beryllium compounds
cadmium compounds =
chromium compounds
cobalt compounds
lead compounds
manganese compounds
mercury compounds
275-Q26-32/cah.061oo
Section 3
3-15
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nickel compounds
selenium compounds
titanium tetrachloride
275-026-32/cah,061op
Ssซlon3
3-16
-------
EPA METHOD 0030
Volatile Organic Sampling Train
REFERENCE:
Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Third Edition. Report No. SW-846. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
Washington, DC: 1986.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Method 0030 is used to calculate destruction and removal efficiency (DRE)
of volatile principal organic hazardous constituents (POHCs) from stack gas effluents of
hazardous waste incinerators, and enable a determination that DRE values are equal to
or greater than 99.99 percent. For the purpose of definition, volatile POHCs are those
POHCs with boiling points less than 100ฐC. If the boiling point of a POHC of interest is
less than 30ฐC, the POHC may break through the sorbent under the conditions of the
sample collection procedure.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
A 20-L sample of effluent gas is withdrawn from an emission source at a flow rate
of 1 L/min, using a glass-lined probe and a volatile organic sampling train (VOST). The
gas stream is cooled to 20ฐC by passage through a water-cooled condenser and volatile
POHCs are collected on a pair of sorbent resin traps. Liquid condensate is collected in
an impinger placed between the two resin traps. The first resin trap (front trap) contains
approximately 1.6 g Tenaxฎ and the second trap (back trap) contains approximately 1 g
each of Tenaxฎ and petroleum-based charcoal (SKC lot 104 or equivalent), 3:1 by
volume.
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section 3
3-17
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An alternative set of conditions for sample collection has been used. This method
involves collecting a sample volume of 20 L or less at a reduced flow rate. (Operation
of the VOST under these conditions has been referred to as SLO-VOST.) This method
has been used to collect 5 L of sample (250 mL/min for 20 min) or 20 L of sample
(500 mL/min for 40 min) on each pair of sorbent cartridges. Smaller sample volumes
collected at lower flow rates should be considered when the boiling points of the POHCs
of interest are below 35ฐC.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
The sensitivity of this method depends on the level of interferences in the sample
and the presence of detectable levels of volatile POHCs in the blanks. The target
detection limit of this method is 0.1 ^g/m3 (ng/L) of flue gas, to permit calculation of a
DRE equal to or greater than 99.99 percent for volatile POHCs that may be present in
the waste stream at 100 ppm. The upper end of the range of applicability of this method
is limited by breakthrough of the volatile POHCs on the sorbent traps used to collect the
sample. Laboratory development data have demonstrated a range of 0.1 to 100 /*g/m3
(ng/L) for selected volatile POHCs collected on a pair of sorbent traps using a total
sample volume of 20 L or less. Interferences arise primarily from background
contamination of sorbent traps prior to or after use in sample collection. Many
interferences can be due to exposure of the sorbent materials to solvent vapors prior to
assembly and exposure to significant concentrations of volatile POHCs in the ambient air
at hazardous waste incinerator sites. A sufficiently high background level in the source
(for example, a THC level above 100 ppm) can make trace analysis in the samples
impossible.
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section 3
3-18
-------
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
None
5.0 APPLICABLE CLEAN AIR ACT LIST OF CHEMICALS
acetaldehyde + +
acetonitrile4" +
acrolein+ +
acrylonitrile + +
allyl chloride*
benzene*
bromoform***
carbon disulfide*
carbon tetrachloride*
chlorobenzene (validated)***
chloroform*
chloromethyl methyl ether+ +
chloroprene*
***
cumene
*ซ* '
1,4-dichlorobenzene
1,3-dichloropropene * * *
l,l-dimethylhydrazine + +
1,4-dioxane + +
epichlorohydrin"1" +
1,2-epoxybutane + +
ethyl acrylate + +
ethylbenzene***
ethyl chloride**
275-026-32/cah.061oD
Section 3
3-19
-------
ethylene dibromide***
ethylene dichloride*
ethylidene dichloride*
hexane*
methyl bromide**
methyl chloride**
methyl chloroform*
methyl ethyl ketone+ +
methyl hydrazine+ +
methyl iodide*
methyl isobutyl ketone+ +
methyl isocyanate+ +
methyl methacrylate + +
methyl tert-butyl ether4" +
methylene chloride*
propionaldehyde + +
propylene dichloride*
propylene oxide + +
1,2-propylene imine + +
, ป*ป
styrene
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroetharie* * *
tetrachloroethylene (validated)'
toluene (validated)
1,1,2-trichloroethane
trichloroethylene *
2,2,4-trimethylpentane *
vinyl acetate + +
vinyl bromide**
vinyl chloride (validated)**
27S-02S-32/cali.061 oo
Section 3
3-20
-------
vinylidene chloride"
, ***
xylenes
, ***
o-xylene
. ***
jn-xylene
i ***
p-xylene
Boiling point between 35ฐC and 100ฐC.
methodology.
Should work well with this
Special precautions must be taken to avoid breakthrough when these
compounds are analytes.
Boiling point above 100ฐC. Can be observed using VOST methodology but
VOST should not be used to provide quantitative data unless specific
validation is performed.
Polar and/or water soluble. In general, perform well in the VOST
methodology. Recovery can be improved by modifying the standard purge
and trap analytical method by elevating the purge temperature to 60ฐC and
adding 1 g of sodium chloride or sodium sulfate to condensate before
purging (see EPA-600/8-87-008). With modified analytical methodology,
the VOST methodology may be applicable to these compounds (validation
required before use of the methodology to generate regulatory data).
275-026-32/cah.06t op
Section 3
3-21
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27S-026-32/cah.061op
Section 3
3-22
-------
EPA DRAFT METHOD 0050
Isokinetic HC1/C12 Emission Sampling Train
REFERENCE:
Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Third Edition. Report No. SW-846. U. S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
Washington, DC: 1986.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Draft Method 0050 is used to collect hydrogen chloride (HC1) and chlorine
(C12) in stack gas emission samples from hazardous waste incinerators, municipal waste
combustors, and boilers and industrial furnaces. Collected samples are analyzed using
EPA Method 9057. Method 0050 collects the emission sample isokinetically and is
therefore, particularly suited for sampling at sources, such as those controlled by wet
scrubbers, that emit acid particulate matter (e.g., HC1 dissolved in water droplets).
Method 0050 is not acceptable for demonstrating compliance with HC1 emission
standards less than 20 ppm. This method may also be used to collect samples for
subsequent determination of particulate emissions (EPA Method 5).
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Gaseous and particulate pollutants are withdrawn from an emission source and
are collected in an optional cyclone, on a filter, and in absorbing solutions. The cyclone
collects any liquid droplets. The cyclone is not required if the source emissions do not
contain liquid droplets (See EPA Method 0051). The Teflonฎ mat or quartz-fiber filter
collects other particulate matter, including chloride salts. Acidic and alkaline absorbing
solutions collect gaseous HC1 and C12, respectively. Following sampling of emissions
275-026-32/cah.0610D
Section 3
3-23
-------
containing liquid droplets, any HC1/C12 dissolved in the liquid in the cyclone and/or on
the filter is vaporized and ultimately collected in the impingers by pulling Ascarite IIฎ-
conditioned ambient air through the sampling train. In the acidified water absorbing
solution, the HC1 gas is solubilized and forms chloride ions. The C12 gas present in the
emissions has a very low solubility in acidified water and passes through to the alkaline
absorbing solution where it undergoes hydrolysis to form a proton (H"1"), chloride ions,
and hypochlorous acid (HC1O). Chloride ions in the separate solutions are measured by
ion chromatography (EPA Method 9057). If desired, the particulate matter recovered
from the filter and the probe can be analyzed (EPA Method 5).
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Volatile materials that produce chloride ions upon dissolution during sampling are
interferences in the measurement of HC1. C12 disproportionates to HC1 and HC1O upon
dissolution in water, and will interfere with the HC1 analysis. C12 exhibits a low solubility
in water, however, and the use of acidic rather than neutral or basic solutions for
collection of HC1 greatly reduces the dissolution of any Cl, present.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
chlorine
hydrogen chloride
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
chlorine
! hydrogen chloride
275-026-32/am.061oo
Section 3
3-24
-------
EPA DRAFT METHOD 0051
Midget Impinger HC1/C12 Emission Sampling Train
REFERENCE:
Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Third Edition. Report No. SW-846. U. S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
Washington, DC: 1986.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Draft Method 0051 is used to collect hydrogen chloride (HCl)and chlorine
(C12) in stack gas emission samples from hazardous waste incinerators, municipal waste
combustors, and boilers and industrial furnaces. The collected samples are analyzed
using EPA Method 9057. Method 0051 is designed to collect HC1 and C12 in their
gaseous forms; sources such as those controlled by wet scrubbers that emit acid
paniculate matter (e.g., HC1 dissolved in water droplets) must be sampled using an
isokinetic HC1/C12 sampling train (EPA Method 0050).
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
An integrated gas sample is extracted from the stack and passes through a
paniculate filter, acidified water, and finally through an alkaline solution. The filter
removes paniculate matter, such as chloride salts, that could potentially react and form
analyte in the absorbing solutions. In the acidified water absorbing solution, the HC1 gas
is solubilized and forms chloride ions. The C12 gas present in the emissions has a very
low solubility in acidified water and passes through to the alkaline absorbing solution
where it undergoes hydrolysis to form a proton (H+), chloride ion, and hypochlorous acid
275-026-32/cah.061 op
Section 3
3-25
-------
(HC1O). The chloride ions in the separate solutions are measured by ion
chromatography (EPA Method 9057).
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Volatile materials that produce chloride ions upon dissolution during sampling are
obvious interferences in the measurement of HC1. One interferent for HC1 is C12, which
disproportionates to HC1 and HC1O upon dissolution in water. The C12 gas exhibits a
very low solubility in water, however, and the use of acidic rather than neutral or basic
solutions for collection of HC1 greatly reduces the dissolution of any C12 present.
Sampling a 400 ppm HC1 gas stream containing 50 ppm C12 with this method does not
cause a significant bias. Sampling a 220 ppm HC1 gas stream containing 180 ppm C12
results in a positive bias of 3.4 percent in the HC1 measurement.
Reducing agents such as SO2 may cause a positive bias in nhe C12 measurement
by the following reaction:
HCIO + Hso3- = H2so4 + cr
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
chlorine
hydrogen chloride
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
chlorine
hydrogen chloride
275-026-32/cah.OSlop
Section 3
3-26
-------
EPA METHOD 5040
Analysis of Sorbent Cartridges from Volatile Organic Sampling Train
REFERENCE:
Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Third Edition. Report No. SW-846. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
Washington, DC: 1986.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Method 5040 is used to analyze Tenaxฎ and Tenaxฎ/charcoal cartridges
containing volatile principal organic hazardous constituents (POHCs) from wet stack gas
effluents from hazardous waste incinerators. Volatile POHCs are defined as those
POHCs with boiling points less than 100ฐC. Method 5040 is based on the quantitative
thermal desorption of volatile POHCs from the Tenaxฎ and Tenaxฎ/charcoal traps and
analysis by purge-and-trap gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS).
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
POHCs are collected on Tenaxฎ and Tenaxฎ/charcoai sorbent "cartridges using a
volatile organic sampling train (VOST), EPA Method 0030. The contents of the sorbent
cartridges are spiked with an internal standard and thermally desorbed for 10 minutes at
180ฐC with organic-free nitrogen or helium gas (at a flow rate of 40 mL/min), bubbled
through 5 mL of organic-free water, and trapped on an analytical adsorbent trap. After
the 10 minute desorption, the analytical adsorbent trap is rapidly heated to 180ฐC, with
the carrier gas flow reversed so that the effluent flow from the analytical trap is directed
into the GC/MS. The volatile POHCs are separated by temperature-programmed gas
275-026-32/cah.061 OD
Section 3
3-27
-------
chromatography and detected by low resolution mass spectrometry. The concentrations
of the volatile POHCs are calculated using the internal standard technique.
EPA Method 5030 and 8240 may be referenced for specific requirements for the
thermal desorption unit, purge-and-trap unit, and GC/MS system.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Interferences from hydrocarbons may be a problem if a source with significant
hydrocarbon content is sampled. The mass of low molecular weight POHCs (such as
acetonitrile, with a mass of 41) would coincide with the mass of ions common to all
hydrocarbons, and acetonitrile would thus not be identifiable by low resolution mass
spectrometric techniques.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
Volatile POHCs.
5.0 APPLICABLE CLEAN AIR ACT LIST COMPOUNDS
acetonitrile*
acrylonitrile*
allyl chloride
benzene
bis(chloromethyl) ether*
carbon disulfide
carbon tetrachloride
chlorobenzene
chloroform
275O26-32/can.061oo
Section 3
3-28
-------
chloromethyl methyl ether*
chloroprene
1,1-dimethylhydrazine *
1,4-dioxane*
1,2-epoxybutane *
ethyl acrylate*
ethylbenzene**
ethyl chloride***
ethylene dibromide
ethylene dichloride
ethylene imine*
ethylidene dichloride
hexane
methyl bromide***
methyl chloride***
methyl chloroform
methyl ethyl ketone*
methyl hydrazine*
methyl iodide
methyl isobutyl ketone'
methyl isocyanate*
methyl methacrylate*
methyl tert-butyl ether*
methylene chloride
propylene oxide*
1,2-propylene imine*
tetrachloroethylene * *
toluene**
1,1,2-trichloroethane
* **
275-026-32/cah.061 op
Section 3
3-29
-------
trichloroethylene
triethylamine*
2,2,4-trimethylpentane
vinyl acetate*
vinyl bromide***
vinyl chloride***
vinylidene chloride
A protocol has been developed for sample analysis for water-soluble
volatile POHCs and PICs (EPA-600/8-87-008). Application of this
protocol may improve recoveries for polar water-soluble compounds.
Boiling point above 100ฐC.
Boiling point below 30ฐC. Special care must be taken to avoid
breakthrough on sorbent.
275-026-32/cah.OSlop
Section 3
3-30
-------
EPA DRAFT METHOD 5041
Protocol for the Analysis of Sorbent Cartridges from Volatile Organic
Sampling Train (VOST): Wide-Bore Capillary Column Technique
REFERENCE:
Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Third Edition. Report No. SW-846. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
Washington, DC: 1986.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Draft Method .5041 is used to the analyze Volatile Principal Organic
Hazardous Constituents (POHCs) collected from the stack gas effluents of hazardous
waste incinerators using the VOST methodology which uses EPA Method 0030 for
sampling. Draft Method 5041 is most successfully applied to the analysis of non-polar
organic compounds that vaporize between 30ฐC and 100ฐC. Data are applied to the
calculation of destruction and removal efficiency (DRE).
The VOST methodology may also be used to collect and analyze many
compounds that boil above 100ฐC. However, sampling method collection efficiency,
sampling tube desorption efficiency, and analytical method precision and bias should be
determined for these compounds. An organic compound with boiling point below 30ฐC
may break through the sorbent under the conditions used for sample collection. The
quantitative value obtained for such a compound must be qualified, since the value
represents a minimum value for the compound if breakthrough has occurred.
The VOST analytical methodology can be used to quantify volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) that are insoluble or slightly soluble in water. When volatile
water-soluble compounds are included in the VOST organic compound analyte list,
275-026-32/cah.061op
Sections 3-31
-------
quantitation limits can be expected to be approximately ten times higher than
quantitation limits for water-insoluble compounds (if the compounds can be recovered at
all) because the purging efficiency from water (and possibly also from Tenaxฎ) is so
poor. Purging efficiency from water can be improved by modifying the VOST analytical
methodology to include addition of salt (sodium chloride or sodium sulfate) to the purge
water and heating the purge water (see EPA-600/8-87-008).
Overall sensitivity for the method depends on the level of analytical interferences
encountered in the sample and the presence of detectable levels of volatile POHCs in
the blanks. The target detection limit for the method is 0.1 ^g/m3 (ng/L) of flue gas, to
permit calculation of a ORE equal to or greater than 99.99 percent for volatile POHCs
that may be present in the waste stream at 100 ppm. The upper end of the range of
applicability of this method is limited by the dynamic range of the analytical
instrumentation, the overall loading of organic compounds on the exposed tubes, and
breakthrough of the volatile POHCs on-the sorbent traps used to collect the sample.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Sorbent tubes are thermally desorbed by heating and purging with organic-free
helium. The gaseous effluent from the tubes is bubbled through pre-purged organic-free
water and trapped on an analytical sorbent trap in a purge-and-trap unit. After
desorption, the analytical sorbent trap is heated rapidly and the gas flow from the
analytical trap is directed to the head of a wide-bore column under subambient
conditions. The VOCs desorbed from the analytical trap are separated by temperature-
programmed high resolution gas chromatography and detected by continuously-scanning
low resolution mass spectrometry. Concentrations of VOCs are calculated from a multi-
point calibration curve, using the method of response factors.
27SO26-32fcah.061 op
Section 3
3-32
-------
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Sorbent tubes that are to be analyzed for VOCs can be contaminated by diffusion
of VOCs (particularly Freonฎ refrigerants and common organic solvents) through the
external container (even through a Teflonฎ-lhied screw cap on a glass container) and the
Swagelokฎ sorbent tube caps during shipment and storage. The sorbent tubes can also
be contaminated if organic solvents are present in the analytical laboratory. The use of
blanks is essential to assess the extent of any contamination. Field blanks must be
prepared and taken to the field. The end caps of the tubes are removed for the period
of time required to exchange two pairs of traps on the VOST sampling apparatus. The
tubes are recapped and shipped and handled exactly as the actual field samples are
shipped and handled. At least one pair of field blanks is included with each six pairs of
sample cartridges collected.
At least one pair of blank cartridges (one Tenaxฎ, one Tenaxฎ-charcoal) must be
included with shipment of cartridges to a hazardous waste incinerator site as trip blanks.
These trip blanks will be treated like field blanks except that the end caps will not be
removed during storage at the site. This pair of traps will be analyzed to monitor
potential contamination that may occur during storage and shipment.
Analytical system blanks are required-to demonstrate that contamination of the
purge-and-trap unit and the gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer has not occurred or
that, in the event of analysis of sorbent tubes with very high levels of organic compounds,
no compound carryover is occurring. Tenaxฎ from the same preparation batch as the
Tenaxฎ used for field sampling should be used in the preparation of the method
(laboratory) blanks. A sufficient number of cleaned Tenaxฎ tubes from the same batch
as the field samples should be reserved in the laboratory for use as blanks.
275-026-32/cah.0610p
Section 3
3-33
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Cross-contamination can occur whenever low-level samples are analyzed after
high-level samples, or when several high-level samples are analyzed sequentially. When
an unusually concentrated sample is analyzed, this analysis should be followed by a
method blank to establish that the analytical system is free of contamination. If analysis
of a blank demonstrates that the system is contaminated, an additional bake cycle should
be used. If the analytical system is still contaminated after additional baking, routine
system maintenance should be performed: the analytical trap should be changed and
conditioned, routine column maintenance should be performed (or replacement of the
column and conditioning of the new column, if necessary), and bakeout of the ion source
(or cleaning of the ion source and rods, if required). After system maintenance has been
performed, analysis of a blank is required to demonstrate that the cleanliness of the
system is acceptable.
If the emission source has a high level of non-target organic compounds (for
example, hydrocarbons at levels of hundreds of ppm), the presence of these non-target
compounds will interfere with the performance of the VOST analytical methodology. If
one or more of the compounds of interest saturates the chromatographic and mass
spectrometric instrumentation, no quantitative calculations can be made and the tubes -
that have been sampled under the same conditions will yield no valid data for any of the
saturated compounds and may not yield valid data for other compounds. In the presence
of a very high organic loading, even if the compounds of interest are not saturated, the
instrumentation is so saturated that the linear range has been surpassed. When
instrument saturation occurs, it is possible that compounds of interest cannot even be
identified correctly because a saturated mass spectrometer may mis-assign masses. Even
if compounds of interest can be identified, accurate quantitative calculations are
impossible at detector saturation. No determination can be made at or beyond detector
saturation, even if the target compound itself is not saturated. At detector saturation, a
negative bias will be encountered in analytical measurements and no accurate calculation
can be made for the DRE if analytical values may be biased negatively.
27S-02S-32/cah.061oo
Section 3
3-34
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Compounds that coelute chromatographically with the compounds of interest may
interfere with the analysis if the coeluting compounds have ions at the same masses as
the compound of interest. An alternate ion can be selected for the compound of interest
(provided that detector saturation has not occurred) to avoid the interference at the
primary quantitation mass.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
acetone
acrylonitrile
benzene
bromodichloromethane
bromoform
bromomethane
carbon disulfide
carbon tetrachloride
chlorobenzene
chlorodibromomethane
chloroethane
chloroform
chloromethane
dibromomethane
1,1-dichloroethane
1,2-dichloroethane
1,1-dichloroethene
trans-1,2-dichloroethene
1,2-dichloropropane
cis-1,3-dichloropropene
trans-1,3-dichloropropene
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Section 3
3-35
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ethylbenzene
iodomethane
methylene chloride
styrene
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane
tetrachloroethene
toluene
1,1,1-trichloroethane
1,1,2-trichloroethane
trichloroethene
trichlorofluoromethane
1,2,3-trichloropropane
vinyl chloride
xylenes
5.0 APPLICABLE CLEAN AIR ACT LIST COMPOUNDS
acetonitrile (requires modification of the methodology for water-soluble
compounds, but may require high resolution mass
spectrometry)
acrylonitrile
allyl chloride
benzene
bis(chloromethyl) ether (will require modification of the methodology
for water-soluble compounds)
bromoform
carbon disulfide
carbon tetrachloride
chlorobenzene (above 100ฐC boiling point)
275-026-32/cah.OS1oo
Section 3
3-36
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chloroform
chloromethyl methyl ether (water-soluble)
chloroprene
1,1-dimethylhydrazine (water-soluble)
1,4-dioxane (water-soluble)
ethyl acrylate (water-soluble)
ethylbenzene (above 100ฐC boiling point)
ethyl chloride (low boiling point; requires special care)
ethylene dibromide (above 100ฐC boiling point)
ethylene dichloride
ethylene imine (water-soluble)
ethylidene dichloride
hexane
methyl bromide (low boiling point; requires special care)
methyl chloride (low boiling point; requires special care)
methyl chloroform
methyl ethyl ketone (water-soluble)
methyl hydrazine (water-soluble)
methyl iodide
methyl isobutyl ketone (above 100ฐC boiling point; water-soluble)
methyl isocyanate (water-soluble)
methyl methacrylate (water-soluble)
methyl tert-butyl ether (water-soluble)
methylene chloride
propylene dichloride
propylene oxide (wafer-soluble)
1,2-propylene imine (water-soluble)
styrene (above 100ฐC boiling point)
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (above 100ฐC boiling point)
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section 3
3-37
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tetrachloroethylene (above 100ฐC boiling point)
toluene (above 100ฐC boiling point)
1,1,2-trichloroethane (above 100ฐC boiling point)
trichloroethylene
triethylamine (water-soluble)
2,2,4-trimethylpentane
vinyl acetate (water-soluble)
vinyl bromide (low boiling point; requires special care)
vinyl chloride (low boiling point; requires special care)
vinylidene chloride
xylenes (above 100ฐC boiling point)
27S-026-32/cah.061op
Section 3
3-38
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EPA METHOD 8080
Organochlorine Pesticides and PCBs
REFERENCE:
Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Third Edition. Report No. SW-846. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
Washington, DC: 1986.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Method 8080 is used to determine the concentration of various
organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in soil at levels of
parts-per-billion. The method can be modified in order to analyze air samples. Method
8080 should be used only for non-stack stationary sources.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Prior to analysis, appropriate sample extraction techniques must be used. Water
samples are extracted with methylene chloride using either EPA Method 3510 or EPA
Method 3520. Solid samples are extracted using EPA Method 3540 or EPA
Method 3550. The extraction solvent must be exchanged to hexane. A modification to
accommodate air samples may be necessary. Once sample preparation is completed, the
sample is injected, either manually or by an autosampler, into a gas chromatograph
(GC). The compounds in the GC effluent are detected by an electron capture detector
or a halogen-specific detector. The identification and concentration of the target
compounds are based on a comparison of the retention times and peak areas of
calibration standards with the sample peaks. A minimum of five concentration levels is
required for calibration.
275-026-32/can.061op
Section 3
3-39
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Method 8080 recognizes an Aroclor profile rather than individual PCBs. Since
Aroclors are made up of numerous PCBs, their chromatograms are multi-peak and
identification of an Aroclor is by pattern recognition. Method 8080 should not be
applied to stack samples because Aroclors that have been combusted no longer exhibit
the pattern of an Aroclor and consequently will not be identified. Spiking each sample,
standard, and blank with the surrogates dibutyl chlorendate and/or 2,4,5,6-tetrachloro-
meta-xylene is recommended in order to monitor the performance of the extraction,
cleanup (when used), and analytical system.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
DDT and endrin degrade easily in the injection port of the GC as a result of
buildup of high-boiling residue from sample injection. The degradation products of these
compounds can interfere with peak detection and identification of certain compounds.
Therefore, proper GC maintenance procedures are recommended in order to avoid these
problems.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
aldrin
alpha-BHC
beta-BHC
delta-BHC
lindane
chlordane
4,4'-DDD
4,4'-DDE
4,4'-DDT
dieldrin
275O26-32/cah.061op
Section 3
3-40
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endosulfan I
endosulfan II
endosulfan sulfate
endrin
endrin aldehyde
heptachlor
heptachlor epoxide
methoxychlor
toxaphene
Aroclor-1016
Aroclor-1221
Aroclor-1232
Aroclor-1242
Aroclor-1248
Aroclor-1254
Aroclor-1260
5.0 APPLICABLE CLEAN AIR ACT LIST COMPOUNDS
polychlorinated biphenyls
4,4'-DDE
heptachlor
lindane
methoxychlor
toxaphene
chlordane
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section 3
3-41
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275-026-32/ctn.OSIop
Section 3
3-42
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EPA METHOD 8270
Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry for Semivoiatile Organics:
Capillary Column Technique
REFERENCE:
Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Third Edition. Report No. SW-846. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
Washington, DC: 1986.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Method 8270 is used to determine the concentration of semivolatile organic
compounds in extracts prepared from all types of solid waste matrices, soils, and ground
water. It is also applicable to an extract from sorbent media in conjunction with
Method 0010. Direct injection of a sample may be used in limited applications.
Method 8270 can be used to quantify most neutral, acidic, and basic organic
compounds that are soluble in methylene chloride and capable of being eluted without
derivatization as sharp peaks from a gas chromatographic fused-silica capillary column
coated with a slightly polar silicone. Such compounds include polynuciear aromatic
hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons and pesticides, phthalate esters,
organophosphate esters, nitrosamines, haloethers, aldehydes, ethers, ketones, anilines,
pyridines, quinolines, aromatic nitro compounds, and phenols, including nitrophenols.
275-026-32/cah.061oo
Section 3
3-43
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The following compounds may require special treatment when being determined
by this method:
Benzidine can be subject to oxidative losses during solvent concentration.
Also, chromatography is poor.
Alpha-BHC, gamma-BHC, endosulfan I and II, and endrin are subject to
decomposition under the alkaline conditions of the extraction step.
Neutral extraction should be performed if these compounds are expected.
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene is subject to thermal decomposition in the inlet
of the gas chromatograph, chemical reaction in acetone solution, and
photochemical decomposition.
N-Nitrosodimethylamine is difficult to separate from the solvent under the
chromatographic conditions described.
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine decomposes in the gas chromatographic inlet and
cannot be separated from diphenylamine.
Pentachlorophenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, 4-nitrophenol, 4,6-dinitro-2-
methylphenol, 4-chloro-3-methylphenol, benzoic acid, 2-nitroaniline, 3-
nitroaniline, 4-chloroaniline, and benzyl alcohol are subject to erratic
chromatographic behavior, especially if the gas chromatographic system is
contaminated with high-boiling material. Derivatization can help to
stabilize the chromatographic performance of these compounds.
Acrylic acid will require derivatization to apply the analytical methodology.
The phthalate esters exhibit better recoveries under acid extraction
conditions.
Bromoform, chlorobenzene, cumene, 1,3-dichloropropene, 1,4-dioxane,
epichlorohydrin, ethylbenzene, ethylene dibromide, methyl isobutyl ketone,
2-nitropropane, styrene, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, tetrachloroethylene,
toluene, 1,1,2-trichloroethane, and 5-, m-, andp-xylene are within the
boiling point range for Method 8270, but they are sui'ficiently volatile that
care must be taken in sample concentration to avoid loss. An adjustment
in chromatographic conditions will be required to resolve the relatively
volatile compounds from the solvent.
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section 3
3-44
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4-Aminobiphenyl, aniline, o-anisidine, benzidine, 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine,
N,N-diethylaniline, 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine, dimethylaminoazobenzene,
3,3'-dimethylbenzidine, 4,4'-methylene bis (2-chloroaniline), 4,4'-
methylenedianiline, .p-phenylenediamine, quinoline, and 2,4-toluenediamine
are basic nitrogen-containing compounds and careful control of pH during
extraction is required to optimize recovery.
The practical quantitation limit for Method 8270 is approximately 50 /ig/mL of
extract. The entire sorbent module with filter is typically extracted and concentrated to
1 mL (a final volume of 5 mL is used to avoid loss of volatile compounds), and this final
extract volume represents the entire volume of gas sampled.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Method 8270 describes conditions for gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
(GC/MS) to allow for the separation of the semivolatile compounds on the method
target list. Sample extraction, purification, and concentration techniques are addressed
in other methods. EPA Methods 3510, 3520, 3540, 3550, 3580 may be applicable to the
sample preparation. The following purification methods may be used prior to GC/MS
analysis:
phenols, Methods 3630, 3640, 8040
phthalate esters, Method 3610, 3620, 3640
nitrosamines, Method 3610, 3620, 3640
organochlorine pesticides and PCBs, Method 3620, 3640, 3660
polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, Method 3611, 3630, 3640
nitroaromatics and cyclic ketones, Method 3620, 3640
*
haloethers, Method 3620, 3640
chlorinated hydrocarbons, Method 3620, 3640
organophosphorus pesticides, Method 3620, 3640
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section 3
3-45
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petroleum waste, Method 3611, 3650
all priority pollutant base, neutral, and acids, Method; 3640.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Raw GC/MS data from all blanks, samples, and spikes must be evaluated for
interferences. If an interference results from the preparation and/or cleanup of samples,
corrective action can be taken to eliminate the problem. If the problem is a very high
sample background of alkyl or aromatic hydrocarbons, very little can be done to resolve
the problem other than dilution of the samples, which raises the detection limit. If
chromatographic coelution occurs, deconvolution of the coeluting components by mass
spectrometric techniques will be effective if the compounds are not: chemically related
and.their mass spectra can be resolved. If isomers coelute and their mass spectra are
similar, the coelution cannot be resolved.
Contamination by carryover can occur whenever high level and low level samples
are analyzed sequentially. To reduce carryover, the sample syringe must be rinsed
carefully with solvent between sample injections. The chromatographic column should
be allowed to remain at a high temperature until all late-eluting components have eluted
from the column in order to avoid chromatographic carryover problems. Whenever an
unusually concentrated sample is encountered, it should be followed by the analysis of
clean solvent to check for cross-contamination. If contamination is observed, the
injections of solvent should be repeated until the contamination is no longer observed
before another sample injection is performed.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
acenaphthene
acenaphthylene
275-026-32/cah.OSIop
Scc:;on3
3-46
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acetophenone
aldrin
aniline
anthracene
4-aminobiphenyl
Aroclor-1016
Aroclor-1221
Aroclor-1232
Aroclor-1242
Aroclor-1248
Aroclor-1254
Aroclor-1260
benzidine
benzoic acid
benzo(a)anthracene
benzo(b)fluoranthene
benzo(k)fluoranthene
benzo(g,h,i)perylene
benzo(a)pyrene
benzyl alcohol
alpha-BHC
beta-BHC
delta-BHC
gamma-BHC (lindane)
bis(2-chloroethoxy)methane
bis(2-chloroethyl)ether
bis(2-chloroisopropyl)ether
bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
4-bromophenyl phenyl ether
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section 3
3-47
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butyl benzyl phthalate
chlordane
4-chloroaniline
1-chloronaphthalene
2-chloronaphthalene
4-chloro-3-methylphenol
chrysene
4,4'-DDD
4,4'-DDE
4,4'-DDT
dibenz(a,j)acridine
dibenz(a,h)anthracene
di-n-butyl phthalate
1,3-dichlorobenzene
1,4-dichlorobenzene
1,2-dichlorobenzene
3,3'-dichlorobenzidine
dichloroethyl ether
2,4-dichlorophenol
2,6-dichlorophenol
dieldrin
diethyl phthalate
42-dimethylaminoazobenzene
7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene
alpha-, alpha-dimethylphenethylamine
2,4-dimethylphenol
dimethyl phthalate
4,6-dinitro-2-methylphenol
2,4-dinitrophenol
a75-026-32/cah.061op
Section 3
3-48
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2,4-dinitrotoluene
2,6-dinitrotoluene
diphenylamine
1,2-diphenylhydrazine
di-n-octyl phthalate
endosulfan I
endosulfan II
endosulfan sulfate
endrin
endrin aldehyde
endrin ketone
ethyl methanesulfonate
fiuoranthene
fluorene
heptachlor
heptachlor epoxide
hexachlorobenzene
hexachlorobutadiene
hexachlorocyclopentadiene
hexachloroethane
indeno( l,2,3-cd)pyrene
isophorone
methoxychlor
3-methylcholanthrene
methyl methanesulfonate
2-methylnaphthalene
2-methylphenol
4-methylphenol
naphthalene
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section 3
3-49
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1-naphthylamine
2-naphthylamine
3-nitroaniline
4-nitroaiiiline
nitrobenzene
2-nitrophenol
4-nitrophenol
N-nitrosodi-jj-butylamine
N-nitrosodimethylamine
N-nitrosodiphenylamine
N-nitrosodipropylamine
N-nitrosopiperidine
pentachlorobenzene
pentachloronitrobenzene
pentachlorophenol
phenacetin
phenanthrene
phenol
2-picoline
pronamide
pyrene
1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene
2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol
1,2,4-trichlorobenzene
2,4,5-trichlorophenol
2,4,6-trichlorophenol
toxaphene
27S-026-32/cah.061op
Section 3
3-50
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5.0 APPLICABLE CLEAN AIR ACT LIST COMPOUNDS
acetamide
acetophenone (8270 target)
2-acetylaminofluorene
acrylamide
acrylic acid
4-aminobiphenyl (8270 target)
aniline (8270 target)
5-anisidine
benzidine (8270 target)
benzotrichloride
benzyl chloride
biphenyl
bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (8270 target)
bromoform
catechol
chlordane (8270 target)
chloroacetic acid
2-chloroacetophenone
chlorobenzene
chlorobenzilate
o-cresol (8270 target)
m-cresol
p-cresol (8270 target)
cresylic acid (mixture of cresols)
cumene
2,4-D
DDE (8270 target)
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Section 3
3-51
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l,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane
dibutyl phthalate (8270 target)
1,4-dichlorobenzene (8270 target)
3,3'-dichlorobenzidine (8270 target)
1,3-dichloropropene
dichlorvos
diethanolamine
N,N-diethylaniline
diethyl sulfate
3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine
dimethylaminoazobenzene (8270 target)
3,3'-dimethylbenzidine
dimethyl formamide
dimethyl phthalate (8270 target)
dimethyl sulfate
4,6-dinitro-^-cresoi (8270 target)
2,4-dinitrophenol (8270 target)
2,4-dinitrotoluene (8270 target)
1,4-dioxane
1,2-diphenylhydrazine (8270 target)
epichlorohydrin
ethylbenzene
ethylene dibromide
ethylene glycol
glycol ethers
heptachlor (8270 target)
hexachlorobenzene (8270 target)
hexachlorobutadiene (8270 target)
hexachlorocyclopentadiene (8270 target)
27SO26"32/cah,061op
Section 3
3-52
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hexachloroethane (8270 target)
hexamethylene- 1,6-diisocyanate
hydroquinone
isophorone (8270 target)
lindane (8270 target)
maleic anhydride
methoxychlor (8270 target)
4,4'-methylene bis(2-chloroaniline)
methylene diphenyl diisocyanate
4,4'-methylenedianiline
naphthalene (8270 target)
nitrobenzene (8270 target)
4-nitrobiphenyl
4-nitrophenol (8270 target)
N-nitroso-N-methylurea
N-nitrosodimethylamine (8270 target)
N-nitrosomorpholine
parathion
pentachloronitrobenzene (8270 target)
pentachlorophenol (8270 target)
phenol (8270 target)
p-phenylenediamine
phthalic anhydride
polychlorinated biphenyls
polycyclic organic matter
1,3-propane sultone
beta-propiolactone
quinoline
quinone
275-026-32/cah.061oo
Section 3
3-53
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styrene
styrene oxide
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane
tetrachloroethylene
toluene
2,4-toluenediamine
2,4-toluene diisocyanate
.Q-toluidine
toxaphene (8270 target)
1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (8270 target)
1,1,2-trichloroethane
2,4,5-trichlorophenol (8270 target)
2,4,6-trichlorophenol (8270 target)
trifluralin
xylenes: .o-xylene, nj-xylene, p-xylene
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section 3
3-54
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EPA METHOD 8280
The Analysis of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins and
Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans
REFERENCE:
Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Third Edition. Report No. SW-846. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
Washington, DC: 1986.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Method 8280 is used to determinate tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hepta-, and
octachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in chemical
wastes, including still bottoms, fuel oils, sludges, fly ash, reactor residues, soil, and water.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
This procedure uses a matrix-specific extraction, anaiyte-specific cleanup, and high
resolution capillary column gas chromatography/iow resolution mass spectrometry
techniques. An analytical system with a temperature-programmable gas chromatograph
and all required accessories including syringes, analytical columns, and gases is needed.
Fused silica capillary columns are required, and one of the following is recommended:
(1) 50 m CP-Sil-88; (2) DB-5, 30 m x 0.25 mm ID, 0.25 j*m film thickness; or (3) 30 m
SP-2250. However, any capillary column that provides separation of 2,3,7,8-
tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) from all other TCDD's with higher isomers may be
used.
Two types of calibration procedures are required: An initial calibration is
required before any samples are analyzed, and routine calibration conducted
275-O26-32/cah.061op
Section 3
3-55
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intermittently throughout the sample analyses. The routine calibration consists of
analyzing the column performance check solution and a mid-range concentration
calibration solution.
Samples are analyzed with Selected Ion Monitoring mass spectrometry techniques.
Strict identification criteria for PCDDs and PCDFs are listed in the method. The
concentration of individual isomers is determined using relative response factors that
were calibrated using data obtained from the analysis of multi-level calibration standards.
Because of the extreme toxicity of many of the compounds listed as analytes, the
analyst must take the necessary precautions to prevent exposure to materials known or
believed to contain PCDDs or PCDFs. Laboratory personnel must ensure that safe
handling procedures are employed.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
The sensitivity of this method depends on the level of interferents within a given
matrix. Interferents coextracted from the sample will vary considerably from source to
source, depending upon the industrial process being sampled. PCDDs and PCDFs are
often associated with other interfering chlorinated compounds such as PCBs and
polychlorinated diphenyl ethers, which may be found at higher concentrations than that
of the analytes of interest.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
tetrachlorodibenzo-.g-dioxin
tetrachlorodibenzofuran
pentachlorodibenzo-.p-dioxin
27S-026-32/can.061oo
Section 3
3-56
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pentachlorodibenzofuran
hexachlorodibenzofuran
hexachlorodibenzo-jp-dioxin
heptachlorodibenzo-.p-dioxin
heptachlorodibenzofuran
octachlorodibenzofuran
octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
5.0 APPLICABLE CLEAN AIR ACT LIST COMPOUNDS
dibenzofurans
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo_g-dioxin.
275-026-32/cah.061oo
Section 3
3-57
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273-026-32tash.061op
Section 3
3-58
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EPA DRAFT METHOD 8290
Analytical Procedures and Quality Assurance for Multimedia Analysis of
Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans
by High Resolution Gas Chromatography/High Resolution Mass Spectrometry
REFERENCE:
Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Third Edition. Report No. SW-846. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
Washington, DC: 1986.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Draft Method 8290 provides for the detection and quantitative measurement
of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD), polychlorinated dibenzb-p-dioxins
(PCDDs; tetra- through octachlorinated homologs), and polychlorinated dibenzofurans
(PCDFs; tetra-through octachlorinated homologs) in a variety of environmental matrices
and at part-per-trillion (ppt) concentrations. This method has been applied to samples
from the following matrices: soil, sediment, fly ash, water, sludges, fuel oil, still bottoms,
fish tissue, paper pulp, human adipose tissue, and gaseous and paniculate emissions.
Because of the extreme toxicity of many of the compounds listed as analytes, the
analyst must take the necessary precautions to prevent exposure to materials known or
believed to contain PCDDs or PCDFs. Laboratory personnel must ensure that safe
handling procedures are employed.
275-026-32/cah.061op
Section 3
3-59
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2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
This procedure uses matrix-specific extraction, analyte-specific clean-up, and high
resolution capillary gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry
(HRGC/HRMS) techniques. A specified amount of matrix (or the entire sorbent
sampling trap plus filter from a sampling train for gaseous emissions) is spiked with a
solution containing specified amounts of the nine isotopically-labeled (13C12)
PCDDs/PCDFs. The sample is then extracted according to a matrix-specific extraction
procedure. The extracts are submitted to an acid/base washing treatment and dried.
Following a solvent exchange, the residue is purified by column chromatography on
neutral alumina and carbon on Celite 545ฎ. Preparation of the final extract for
HRGC/HRMS analysis is accomplished by adding a solution containing the isotopically-
labeled recovery standards to the concentrated carbon column eluate. The recovery
standard is used to determine the percent recoveries of isotopically-labeled standards
spiked at the beginning of the extraction process. An aliquot of the concentrated extract
is injected into a HRGC/HRMS system capable of performing selected ion monitoring
at resolving powers of at least 10,000 (10 percent valley definition).
Compound identification for the compounds for which an isotopically-labeled
standard is used is based upon elution at the exact retention time established by analysis
of standards and simultaneous detection of !the two most abundant ions in the molecular
ion region. Compounds for which no isotopically-labeled standard is available are
identified by their relative retention times, which must fall within the established
retention windows, and the simultaneous detection of the two most abundant ions in the
molecular ion region. The retention windows are established by analysis of a GC
Performance Evaluation solution. Identification is confirmed by comparing the ratio of
the integrated ion abundance of the molecular ion species to the theoretical abundance
ratio.
27SO26-32/cah.061 op
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3-60
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Quantification of the individual congeners, total PCDDs and PCDFs, is based
upon a multipoint (seven points) calibration curve for each homolog, with each
calibration solution being analyzed once.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Solvents, reagents, glassware, and other sample processing hardware may yield
discrete artifacts or elevated baselines that may cause misinterpretation of the
chromatographic data. All of these materials must be demonstrated to be free from
interferents under the conditions of the laboratory analysis by analyzing laboratory
method blanks. Analysts should avoid using polyvinyl chloride gloves. High-purity
reagents and solvents help minimize interference problems. Purifying solvents by
distillation in all-glass systems may be necessary.
The sensitivity of the method is dependent upon the level of interferences within
a given matrix. Interferences co-extracted from the sample matrix will vary considerably
from matrix to matrix. PCDDs and PCDFs are often associated with other interfering
chlorinated substances such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated
diphenyl ethers (PCDPEs), polychlorinated naphthalenes, and polychlorinated xanthenes
which may be found at concentrations several orders of magnitude higher than the
anaiytes of interest. Retention times of target analytes must be verified using reference
standards, and these values must correspond to the established retention time windows.
While certain purification techniques are included as part of this method, unique samples
may require other additional purification steps to achieve lower detection limits.
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4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins
polychlorinated dibenzofurans
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
S.O APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
dibenzofurans
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
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EPA METHOD 8310
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons
REFERENCE:
Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Third Edition. Report No. SW-846. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
Washington, DC: 1986.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Method 8310 is used to determine the concentration of certain polynuclear
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in ground water and wastes at parts-per-billion levels. By
extension, the methodology should be applicable to material extracted from a solid
sorbent module of a sampling train from EPA Method 0010, which is used to sample
gaseous emissions from a stationary "source.
Extension of the methodology to PAH containing functional groups should be
possible, depending upon the ability to adjust analytical conditions and the availability of
standards for the compounds of interest.
Use of Method 8310 presupposes a high expectation of finding the specific
compounds of interest. To screen samples for any or all of the method target
compounds (see listed below), independent protocols for the verification of identity must
be developed. One method that can be used to certify identity is gas
chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS).
Method detection limits are compound-dependent, ranging from 0.4 /*g/L for
indeno(l,2,3-cd)pyrene in ground water to 230,000 /ug/L for acenaphthylene in non-water
275-026-3Z/cah.061op
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3-63
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miscible waste. Detection limits for PAH in gaseous emissions have not been
determined directly. This methodology has not been directly and specifically applied to
the determination of polycyclic organic matter other than the PAH specifically listed in
the methodology. A quantitative analysis of other PAH and functionalized PAH will
require adjustment of analytical conditions and the use of appropriate standards. An
additional method such as GC/MS, if applicable, may be required to identify additional
compounds.
If coelution of compounds is encountered in samples taken from gaseous
emissions of stationary sources, Method 8310 may not be applicable unless analytical
conditions can be adjusted to achieve chromatographic resolution.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Prior to using Method 8310, appropriate sample extraction methods must be used.
A 5- to 25 ftL aliquot of extract is injected into a high, performance liquid chromatograph
(HPLC), and compounds in the effluent are detected by ultraviolet (uv) and fluorescence
detectors. If interferences prevent proper detection of the analytes of interest, the
method may also be performed on extracts that have undergone purification using silica
gel column cleanup (EPA Method 3630).
3.0 INTERFERENCES
The sensitivity of the method usually depends on the level of interferences rather
than instrumental limitations. The limits of detection above for the liquid
chromatographic approach represent sensitivities that can be achieved in the absence of
interferences. When interferences are present, the level of sensitivity will be lower, if
analysis is possible at all.
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Solvents, reagents, glassware, and other sample processing hardware may yield
discrete artifacts and/or elevated baselines, causing misinterpretation of the
chromatograms. All of these materials must be demonstrated to be free from
interferences under the conditions of the analysis by analyzing method blanks. Specific
selection of reagents and purification of solvents by distillation in all-glass systems may
be required.
Interferences coextracted from the samples will vary considerably from source to
source. Although a general cleanup technique is provided as part of Method 8310,
individual samples may require additional cleanup approaches to achieve the desired
sensitivity.
The chromatographic conditions described in Method 8310 allow for a unique
resolution of the specific PAH compounds covered by this method. Other PAH
compounds, in addition to matrix artifacts, may interfere.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
acenaphthene
acenaphthylene
anthracene
benzo(a)anthracene
benzo(a)pyrene
benzo(b)fluoranthene
benzo(ghi)perylene
benzo(k)fluoranthene
chrysene
dibenzo(a,h)anthracene
fluoranthene
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fluorene
indeno( l,2,3-cd)pyrene
naphthalene
phenanthrene
pyrene
5.0 APPLICABLE CLEAN AIR ACT LIST COMPOUNDS
naphthalene*
4-aminobiphenyl
benzidine
biphenyl
chlorobenzilate
3,3'-4 dichlorobenzidine
3,3'dimethoxybenzidine
dimethylaminoazobenzene
3,3'-dimethylbenzidine
4,4'-methylene bis(chloroaniline)
methylene diphenyl isocyanate
4,4'-methylenedianiline
4-nitrobiphenyi
p-phenylenediamine
2,4-toluenediamine
2,4-toluene diisocyanate
.Q-toluidine
polycyclic organic matter
Method 8310 is directly applicable only to this compound.
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3-66
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EPA DRAFT METHOD 8315
Determination of Formaldehyde by DNPH Derivatization,
Solid Sorbent Extraction, and HPLC Detection
REFERENCE:
Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Third Edition. Report No. SW-846. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
Washington, DC: 1986.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Draft Method 8315 uses high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
to determinate formaldehyde in liquid environmental matrices and leachates of solid
samples applicable to the determination of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde. Extension
of the methodology to HPLC determination of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in
gaseous emission samples is feasible, and the methodology can also be applied to other
aldehydes and ketones. When this method is used to analyze unfamiliar sample
matrices, compound identification should be supported by at least one additional
qualitative technique such as gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.
Actual detection limits are compound- and matrix-dependent. However, for a list
of aldehydes and ketones tested, detection limits were approximately 2 ppbv when
reagent capacity (for sampling by EPA Draft Method 0011) was 60-100 ppm.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
In Draft Method 0011, the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) derivative of
aldehydes in the emission stream is formed during sampling, since the emissions are
bubbled through impingers containing an aqueous acidic solution of DNPH. This
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Section 3 3-67
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solution is returned to the laboratory and extracted with methylene chloride. The
methylene chloride extract is concentrated to less than 10 mL using the Kuderna-Danish
procedure. Liquid chromatographic conditions described in Draft Method 8315 which
permit the separation and measurement of formaldehyde (and other aldehydes and
ketones) in the extract by absorbance detection at 360 nm.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Analysis for formaldehyde is especially complicated by its ubiquitous occurrence
in the environment. The volatile aldehydes, such as formaldehyde and acetaldehyde,
may be contaminants in volatile organic solvents. Since formaldehyde is widely used in
building insulation, great care is required to determine whether the laboratory
atmosphere is contaminated with formaldehyde. Blanks and controls that are treated
under the same laboratory conditions as samples are of crucial importance in assessing
background levels of aldehydes. Solvent blanks for each lot of solvents used in sample
preparation are important. Glassware must not be rinsed with acetone in the cleaning
process.
Matrix interferences will result from contaminants that are coextracted from the
sample, and will vary from source to source. Since the analytical methodology is HPLC,
quantitative analysis of compounds of interest depends on the absence of coeluting
interferences.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
acetaldehyde*
acetone/propionaldehyde
acrolein
benzaldehyde
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butyraldehye
dimethylbenzaldehyde
formaldehyde*
hexaldehyde
isovalderaldehyde
methyl ethyl ketone
o-, m-, and p-tolualdehyde
valeraldehyde
The target compounds actually cited in Draft Method 8315 are
formaldehyde and acetaldehyde. The other listed compounds have been
determined by DNPH derivatization followed by HPLC analysis.
5.0 APPLICABLE CLEAN AIR ACT LIST COMPOUNDS
acetophenone
acrolein
2-chloroacetophenone
formaldehyde
isophorone
methyl ethyl ketone
methyl isobutyl ketone
propionaldehyde
quinone
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27S-026-32/cah.0610D
5cct;on3
3-70
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EPA DRAFT METHOD 8318
N-Methyl Carbamates by High Performance Liquid
Chromatography (HPLC)
REFERENCE:
Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Third Edition. Report No. SW-846. U. S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
Washington, DC: 1986.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Draft Method 8318 is used to determine the concentration of N-
methylcarbamates in soil, water, and waste matrices. Extension of the methodology is
required to allow preparation and analysis of samples from stationary sources.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
N-Methylcarbamates are extracted from aqueous samples with methylene chloride,
and from soils, oily solid waste, and oils with acetonitrile. The extract solvent is
exchanged to methanol/ethylene glycol, and then the extract is cleaned up on a C-18
cartridge, filtered, and eluted on a C-18 analytical column. After separation, the target
analytes are hydrolyzed and derivatized post-column, then quantified fluorimetrically.
Due to the specific nature of this analysis, confirmation by a secondary method is
not essential. However, fluorescence due to post-column derivatization may be
confirmed by substituting the NaOH and o-phthalaldehyde solutions with deionized
water and reanalyzing the sample. If fluorescence is detected, then a positive
interference is present and care should be taken in the interpretation of the results.
275-026-32/can.061op
Section 3.
3-7.1
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The sensitivity of the method usually depends upon the level of interferences
present, rather than on the instrumental conditions. Waste samples with a high level of
extractable fluorescent compounds are expected to yield significantly higher detection
limits.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Fluorescent compounds, primarily alkyl amines and compounds that yield primary
alkyl amines on base hydrolysis, are potential sources of interferences. Coeluting
compounds that are fluorescence quenchers may result in negative interferences.
Impurities in solvents and reagents are additional sources of interferences. Before
processing any samples, the analyst must demonstrate daily, through the analysis of
solvent blanks, that the entire analytical system is interference-free.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
aldicarb (Ternik)
aldicarb sulfone
cafbaryl (Sevin)
carbofuran (Furadan)
dioxacarb
3-hydroxycarbofuran
methiocarb (Mesurol)
methomyl (Lannate)
promecarb
propoxur (Baygon).
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5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
carbaryl
propoxur
ethyl carbamate
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EPA METHOD 9057
Analysis of Samples from HC1/C12 Emission Sampling
REFERENCE:
Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Third Edition. Report No. SW-846. U. S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
Washington, DC: 1986.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Method 9057 is used to determine hydrogen chloride (HC1) and chlorine
(C12) in stack gas emission samples collected from hazardous waste and municipal waste
incinerators using the midget impinger HC1/C12 sampling train (Method 0051) or the
isokinetic HC1/C12 sampling train (Method 0050).
The lower detection limit is 0.1 /zg of chloride ions per mL of sample solution.
Samples with concentrations that exceed the linear range of the analytical
instrumentation may be diluted.
Method 9057 is recommended for use only by analysts experienced in the use of
ion chromatography and in the interpretation of ion chromatograms.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
The stoichiometry of HCI and C12 collection in the sampling train (Methods 0050
and 0051) is as follows: in the acidified water absorbin solution, the HCI gas is
solubilized and forms chloride ions. The Cl, gas present in the emissions has a very low
solubility in acidified water and passes through to the alkaline absorbing solution where
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Section 3
3-75
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it undergoes hydrolysis to form a proton (H+), chloride ion, and hypochlorous acid.
Non-suppressed or suppressed ion chromatography (1C) is used for analysis of the
chloride ion.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Volatile materials that produce chloride ions upon dissolution during sampling are
obvious interferences in the measurement of HC1. One likely interferent is C12, which
disproportionates to HC1 and hypochlorous acid (HC1O) upon dissolution in water. C12
exhibits a low solubility in water, however, and the use of acidic rather than neutral or
basic solutions for collection of HC1 greatly reduced the dissolution of any Cl, present in
the emissions.
Reducing agents such as SO2 may cause a positive bias in the chlorine
measurement by the following reaction:
HCIO + Hso3- = H,so4 + cr
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
chlorine
hydrogen chloride
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
chlorine
hydrogen chloride
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3-76
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METHOD TO-1
Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in Ambient Air Using TENAXฎ
Adsorption and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)
REFERENCE:
Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Toxic Organic Compounds in Ambient
Air. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA-600/4-89-017 (Supplements:
600/4-87-006, 600/4-87-013).
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
Method TO-1 is used to collect and determine volatile, non-polar organics
(aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons) that can be captured on Tenaxฎ and
determined by thermal desorption techniques. The compounds to be determined by this
technique have boiling points in the range of 80-200ฐC.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Air is drawn through a cartridge containing 1-2 g of Tenaxฎ. The cartridge is
analyzed in the laboratory and purged with an inert gas into first a gas chromatograph
(GC) followed by a mass spectrometer (MS). Only capillary GC techniques should be
used. The GC temperature is increased through a temperature program and the
compounds are eiuted frpm the column on the basis of boiling points. The MS identifies
and quantifies the compounds by mass fragmentation patterns. Compound identification
is normally accomplished using a library search routine on the basis of GC retention
time and mass spectral characteristics.
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3.0 INTERFERENCES
The most common interferences are structural isomers.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
aromatic hydrocarbons
chlorinated hydrocarbons
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
acrylonitrile
allyl chloride
benzene
bis(chloromethyl) ether
bromoform
1,3-butadiene
carbon disulfide
carbon tetrachloride
carbonyl sulfide
chlorobenzene
chloroform
chloromethyl methyl ether
chloroprene
cumene
1,4-dichlorobenzene
*
dichloroethyl ether
1,3-dichloropropene
1,1-dimethylhydrazine
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3-78
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1,4-dioxane
1,2-epoxybutane
ethyl acrylate
ethylbenzene
ethyl chloride
ethylene dibromide
ethylene dichloride
ethylene imine
ethylidene dichloride
hexachlorobuadiene
hexachloroethane
hexane
methyl bromide
methyl chloride
methyl chloroform
methyl ethyl ketone
methyl hydrazine
methylene chloride
methyl iodide
methyl isobutyl ketone
methyl isocyanate
methyl methacrylate
methyl tert-butyl ether
nitrobenzene
2-nitropropane
N-nitrosodimethylamine
propylene dichloride
propylene oxide
1,2-propyleneimine
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3-79
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styrene
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane
tetrachloroethylene
toluene
1,2,4-trichlorobenzene
trichloroethylene
2,2,4-trimethylpentane
vinyl acetate
vinyl bromide
vinyl chloride
vinylidene chloride
JB> Pป o-xylenes
2?S-026-32/cah,061o0
Section 3
3-80
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METHOD TO-2
Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in Ambient Air by
Carbon Molecular Sieve Adsorption and
Gas Chrontatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)
REFERENCE:
Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Toxic Organic Compounds in Ambient
Air. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA-600/4-89-017 (Supplements:
600/4-87-006, 600/4-87-013).
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
Method TO-2 is used to collect and determine highly volatile, non-polar organics
(vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, benzene, toluene) that can be captured on carbon
molecular sieve and determined by thermal desorption techniques. The compounds to
be determined by this technique have boiling points in the range of -15-120ฐC.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Air is drawn through a cartridge containing 0.4 g of a carbon molecular sieve -
(CMS) adsorbent. The cartridge is analyzed in the laboratory by flushing with dry air to
remove adsorbed moisture and purging the sample with helium while heating the
cartridge to 350-400ฐC. The desorbed organics are collected in a cryogenic trap and
flash evaporated into first a gas chromatograph (GC) followed by a mass spectrometer
(MS). Only capillary GC techniques should be used. The GC temperature is increased
through a temperature program and the compounds are eluted from the column on the
basis of boiling points. The MS identifies and quantifies the compounds by mass
fragmentation patterns. Compound identification is normally accomplished using a
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3-81
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library search routine on the basis of GC retention time and mass spectral
characteristics.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
The most common interferences are structural isomers.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
benzene
toluene
vinyl chloride
vinylidene chloride
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
allyl chloride
benzene
carbon tetrachloride
chloroform
ethyl chloride
ethylene dichloride
methyl bromide
methyl chloride
methyl chloroform
methylene chloride
toluene
trichloroethylene
vinyl bromide
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vinyl chloride
vinylidene chloride
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3-83
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273O26-3Z/eah,0610D
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METHOD TO-4
Determination of Organochlorine Pesticides and
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Ambient Air
REFERENCE:
Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Toxic Organic Compounds in Ambient
Air. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA-600/4-89-017 (Supplements:
600/4-87-006, 600/4-87-013).
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
Method TO-4 is used to analyze a variety of organochlorine pesticides and
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in ambient air.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
A modified high volume sampler consisting of a glass fiber filter with a
polyurethane foam backup absorbent cartridge is used to sample air at a rate of
200-280 L/min. PCBs and pesticides are recovered by Soxhlet extraction with 5 percent
ether in hexane. The extracts are reduced in volume with a Kuderna-Danish
concentration technique and subject to column chromatography cleanup. The extracts
are analyzed using gas chromatography with electron capture detection.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Extraneous organic compounds may interfere. It may be difficult to identify an
individual pesticide or PCBs in a multiple component mixture.
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3-85
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4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
organochlorine pesticides
polychlorinated biphenyls
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
DDE
heptachlor
lindane
methoxychlor
parathion
toxaphene
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isctlon 3
3-86
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METHOD TO-5
Determination of Aldehydes and Ketones in Ambient Air Using
High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
REFERENCE:
Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Toxic Organic Compounds in Ambient
Air. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA-600/4-89-017 (Supplements:
600/4-87-006, 600/4-87-013).
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
Method TO-5 is used to analyze individual aldehydes and ketones in ambient air.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Air is drawn through a midget impinger containing dinitrophenylhydrazine
(DNPH) reagent and isooctane where the target compounds are derivatized. The
organic fraction is evaporated to dryness and dissolved in methanoi. The derivatives are
determined using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography HPLC with an
ultra-violet detector. :
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Isomeric aldehydes or ketones may be unresolved by the HPLC.system.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
aldehydes
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3-87
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ketones
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
acetaldehyde
acetophenone
acrolein
formaldehyde
methyl ethyl ketone
methyl isobutyl ketone
propionaldehyde
quinone
trifluralin
27S-026-32/can.061 op
Seซlon3
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METHOD TO-6
Determination of Phosgene in Ambient Air Using
High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
REFERENCE:
Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Toxic Organic Compounds in Ambient
Air. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA-600/4-89-017 (Supplements:
600/4-87-006, 600/4-87-013).
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
Method TO-6.is used to determine phosgene in ambient air at the 0.1 ppbv level.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Air is drawn through a midget impinger containing an aniline/toluene mixture.
The solution is heated to dryness and dissolved in acetonitrile. The sample is analyzed
by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with an ultraviolet
detector.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Chloroformates and acidic materials may interfere.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
phosgene
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3-89
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5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
phosgene
275-OZ6-32/cafl,061op
Section 3
3-90
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METHOD TO-7
Determination of N-Nitrosodimethylamine in Ambient Air Using
Gas Chromatography (GC)
REFERENCE:
Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Toxic Organic Compounds in Ambient
Air. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA-600/4-89-017 (Supplements:
600/4-87-006,600/4-87-013).
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
Method TO-7 is used to determine N-nitrosodimethylamine in ambient air.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Air is drawn through a Thermosorb/N adsorbent cartridge at a rate of 2 L/min.
The cartridges are pre-eluted with dichloromethane to remove interferences. The
sample is eluted with acetone and injected into a gas chromatograph (GC) that is
followed by a detection system such as mass spectrometer (MS). A Carbowax 20M
capillary column should be used in the GC. The GC temperature is increased through a
temperature program and the compounds are eluted from the column on the basis of
boiling points. The MS identifies and quantifies the compounds by mass fragmentation
patterns. Compound identification is normally accomplished using a library search
routine on the basis of GC retention time and mass spectral characteristics.
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3.0 INTERFERENCES
Compounds with similar GC retention times and similar detectable MS ions may
interfere.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
N-nitrosodimethylamine
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
N-nitrosodiethylamine
N-nitrosomorpholine
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METHOD TO-8
Determination of Phenol and Methyl Phenols (Cresols) in Ambient Air using
High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
REFERENCE:
Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Toxic Organic Compounds in Ambient
Air. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA-600/4-89-017 (Supplements:.
600/4-87-006, 600/4-87-013).
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
Method TO-8 is used to determine cresols and phenols in ambient air at the 1-
5 ppbv level.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Air is drawn through two midget impingers, each containing sodium hydroxide.
The solution is adjusted to.pH-4 in the laboratory after sampling, and analyzed by
reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet,
electrochemical, or fluorescent detection.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Compounds having the same HPLC retention times will interfere with this
method. The phenolic compounds of interest may be oxidized during sampling.
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4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
cresols
phenols
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
cresylic acid
o-cresol
m-cresol
p-cresol
2r!-026-32/oUi.061cD
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METHOD TO-9
Determination of Polychlorinated Di-Benzo-p-Dioxins (PCDDS) in
Ambient Air Using High Resolution Gas Chromatography/
High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS)
REFERENCE:
Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Toxic Organic Compounds in Ambient
Air. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA-600/4-89-017 (Supplements:
600/4-87-006, 600/4-87-013).
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
Method TO-9 is used to determine p-dioxins in ambient air, especially 1,2,3,4- and
2,3,7,S-tetrachlorodibenzo-g-dioxins (TCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzo-o-dioxins
(HxCDDs) and octachlorodibenzo-^-dioxin (OCDD). With careful attention to reagent
purity, the method can detect PCDDs at levels below 15 pg/m3.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Air is drawn through a glass fiber filter with a polyurethane foam (PUF) back-up
absorbent cartridge. Silica gel can be used in place of PUF to give lower detection :
limits, but silica gel does not always give consistent sample recoveries and will require
extensive clean-up. The filters and PUF adsorbent cartridge are extracted together with
benzene, diluted with hexane and cleaned up using column chromatography. The sample
is injected into a high resolution gas chromatograph (HRGC) in line with a high-
resolution mass spectrometer (HRMS). In the HRGC, temperature is increased through
a temperature program and the sample compounds are eluted from the column on the
basis of boiling points. The HRMS identifies and quantifies the compounds by mass
fragmentation patterns. Compound identification is normally accomplished using a
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library search routine on the basis of HRGC retention time and mass spectral
characteristics.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Polychlorindated biphenyls '(PCBs), methoxybiphenyls, chlorinated
hydroxydiphenylethers and naphthalenes, DDE, DDT, and other compounds with similar
retention times and mass fractions are analytical interferences. Inaccurate measurements
can occur if PCDDs are retained or absorbed onto paniculate matter, the filter, or PUF
cartridge, or are chemically changed during sampling and storage in ways not traceable
with isotopically labelled spikes:
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
polychlorinated dibenzo-g-dioxins
polychlorinated dibenzofurans
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
dibenzofurans
2,3,7,8-tetrachIorodibenzo-5-dioxin
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METHOD TO-10
Determination of Organochlorine Pesticides in Ambient Air Using
Low Volume Polyurethane Foam (PUF) Sampling with
Gas Chromatography/Electron Capture Detector (GC/ECD)
REFERENCE:
Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Toxic Organic Compounds in Ambient
Air. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA-600/4-89-017 (Supplements:
600/4-87-006, 600/4-87-013).
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
Method TO-10 is used to determine organochlorine pesticides in ambient air.
This method is applicable to multi-component mixtures containing the compounds of
interest in concentrations of 0.01 to 50 ug/m3. The sampling procedure is also
applicable to other pesticides that may. be determined by gas chromatography coupled
with a nitrogen-phosphorus detector, flame photometric detector, Hall electrolytic
conductivity detector, or a mass spectrometer (MS). For some organopesticides, high
performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet or electrochemical detection
may be preferred.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
A low volume sampler is used to collect source vapors onto a sorbent cartridge
containing polyurethane foam. Pesticides are extracted from the cartridge with 5 percent
diethyl ether in hexane and recovered by Soxhlet extraction with 5 percent ether in
hexane. The extracts are reduced in volume with a Kuderna-Danish concentration
technique and subjected to an alumina chromatographic cleanup procedure. The sample
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3-97
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extracts are analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with an electron capture detector
(ECD).
3.0 INTERFERENCES
ECD and other detectors (except the MS) will be subject to responses from a
variety of compounds other than the compounds of interest. Polychlorinated biphenyls in
particular may interfere. Certain organochlorine pesticides (e.g., chlordane) are complex
mixtures of individual compounds that can make accurate quantification of a particular
compound in the mixture difficult.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
organochlorine pesticides
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
captan
2.4-D salts and esters
DDE
heptachlor
lindane
methoxychlor
parathion
toxaphene
trifluralin
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METHOD TO-11
Determination of Formaldehyde in Ambient Air Using Adsorbent Cartridge
Followed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
REFERENCE:
Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Toxic Organic Compounds in Ambient
Air. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA-600/4-89-017 (Supplements:
600/4-87-006, 600/4-87-013).
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
Method TO-11 is used to determine formaldehyde in ambient air. Other
aldehydes and ketones can be detected with a modification of the basic procedure.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Air is drawn through a midget impinger sampling train (without impinger)
containing a silica gel cartridge coated with acidified dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH).
The cartridge is eluted with acetonitrile in the laboratory to form a formaldehyde-DPNH
derivative. The concentration of formaldehyde is determined with isocratic reverse
phase high performance liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet absorption
detection.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Isomeric aldehydes and ketones, and other compounds with the same HPLC
retention times as formaldehyde may interfere with this method.
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3-99
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4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
formaldehyde
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
acetaldehyde
acetophenone
acrolein
2-chloroacetophenone
formaldehyde
isophorone
methyl ethyl ketone
methyl isobutyl ketone
phosgene
propionaldehyde
quinone
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METHOD TO-13
Determination of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in
Ambient Air Using High Volume Sampling with Gas Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry (GC/MS) and High Resolution Liquid Chromatographic (HRLC)
REFERENCE:
Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Toxic Organic Compounds in Ambient
Air. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA-600/4-89-017 (Supplements:
600/4-87-006, 600/4-87-013).
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
Method TO-13 is used to determine benzo(a)pyrene and other polynuclear
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in ambient air. Nitro-PAHs are not included .with this
method.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Air is drawn through a filter and adsorbent cartridge containing XAD-2ฎ or
polyurethane foam. The filters and adsorbents are extracted by Soxhlet apparatus. The
extract is reduced in volume with a Kuderna-Danish concentration technique and
subjected to cleanup with silica gel column chromatography. The sample is further
concentrated with a Kuderna-Danish evaporator and analyzed by either gas
chromatography equipped with flame ionization or a mass spectrometer, or high
performance liquid chromatography.
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3-101
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3.0 INTERFERENCES
Method interferences may be caused by contaminants in solvents, reagents,
glassware, and sampling hardware. Matrix interferences may be caused by contaminants
that are co-extracted with the sample. Heat, ozone, nitrogen diojdde, and ultraviolet
light may cause sample degradation.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
acetamide
acetophenone
2-acetylarninofluorene
acrylamide
acrylic acid
4-aminobiphenyi
aniline
.Q-anisidine
benzotrichloride
benzyl chloride
biphenyl
bis(2-ethylhexyi) phthalate
caprolactam
carbaryl
catechol
chloramben
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chlordane
chloroacetic acid
2-chloroacetophenone
chlorobenziliate
.Qjn^j-cresol, cresylic acid
cumerie
l,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane
dibutyl phthalate
1,4-dichlorobenzene
3,3'-dichlorqbenzidine
dichloroethyl ether
dichlorvos
diethanolamine
N,N-diethylaniline
diethyl suifate
3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine
dimethylaminoazobenzene
3,3'-dimethylbenzidine
dimethyl carbamoyl chloride
dimethyl formamide
dimethyl phthalate
dimethyl suifate
4,6-dinitro-o-cresoi and salts
2,4-dinitrophenoi
2,4-dinitrotoluene
1,2-diphenylhydrazine
epichlorohydrin
ethyl carbamate
ethylene dibromide
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ethylene glycol
ethylene thiourea
glycol ethers
hexachlorobenzene
hexachlorobutadiene
hexachlorocyclopentadiene
hexachloroethane
hexamethylene-l,6-diisocyanate
hexamethylphosphoramide
hydroquinone
maleic anhydride
methoxychlor
methylene diphenyl isocyanate
4,4'-methylenedianiline
4,4'-methyIene bis(2-chloroaniline)
naphthalene
4-nitrobiphenyi
4-nitrophenol
2-nitropropane
N-nitroso-N-methylurea
N-nitrosodimethylamine
N-nitrosomorpholine
pentachloronitrobe nzene
pentachlorophenol
phenol
43-phenylenediamine
phthalic anhydride
polychlorinated biphenyls
1,3-propane sultone
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beta-propiolactone
propoxur
quinoline
styrene oxide
2,4-toluenediamine
jQ-toludine
1,2,4-trichlorobenzene
2,4,5-trichlorophenol
2,4,6-trichlorophenol
triethylamine
.Q-, JB-, ฃ-xylenes
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Section 3
3-105
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Section 3
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METHOD TO-14
Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in Ambient Air
Using SUMMAฎ Polished Canister Sampling and Gas Chromatography (GC)
REFERENCE:
Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Toxic Organic Compounds in Ambient
Air. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA-600/4-89-017 (Supplements:
600/4-87-006, 600/4-87-013).
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
Method TO-14 is used to determine semi-volatile and volatile organic compounds
in ambient air. The sample canisters can be placed above or below atmospheric
pressure. Pressurized samples can be detected at the ppbv level.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Air is drawn through a sampling train into a pre-evacuated sample SUMMAฎ
canister. The canister is attached to the analytical system. Water vapor is reduced in
the gas stream by a Nafion dryer and VOCs are concentrated by collection into a
cryogenically-cooled trap. The cryogen is removed and the temperature of the sample
raised to volatilize the sample into a high resolution gas chromatogrph (HRGC). The
GC temperature is increased through a temperature program and.the compounds are
eluted from the column on the basis of boiling points into a detector. The choice of
detector depends on the specificity and sensitivity required by the analysis. Non-specific
detectors include nitrogen-phosphorus detectors, flame ionization detectors, electron
capture detectors, and photoionization detectors. Specific detectors include a mass
spectrometer (MS) operating in the selected ion mode or the SCAN mode, or an ion
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3-107
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trap detector. Identification errors can be reduced by employing simultaneous detection
by different detectors.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Interferences can occur because of moisture contamination in the dryer. Polar
organic compounds may be lost with moisture removed in the GC/MS dryer.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
semi-volatile organic compounds
volatile organic compounds
Freonsฎ
S.O APPLICABLE CAA AiMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
acetonitrile
acrylonitrile , .
allyl chloride
benzene
bis(choromethyl) ether
bromoform
1,3-butadiene
carbon disulfide
carbon tetrachloride
carbonyl sulfide
chlorobenzene
chloroform
chloromethyl methyl ether
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chloroprene
cumene
1,4-dichlorobenzene
dichloroethyl ether
1,3-dichloropropene
1,1-dimethylhydrazine
1,4-dioxane
1,2-epoxybutane
ethyl acrylate
ethylbenzene
ethyl chloride
ethylene dibromide
ethylene dichloride
ethylene imine
ethyiene oxide
ethylidene dichloride
. hexachiorobutadiene
hexachloroethane
hexane
methanol
methyl bromide
methyl chloride
methyl chloroform
methyl ethyl ketone
methyl hydrazine
methylene chloride
methyl iodide
methyl isobutyl ketone
methyl isocyanate
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methyl methacrylate
methyl tert-butyl ether
nitrobenzene
2-nitropropane
propylene dichloride
propylene oxide
1,2-propyleneimine
styrene
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane
tetrachloroethylene
toluene
trichloroethylene
2,2,4-trimethylpentane
vinyl acetate
vinyl bromide
vinyl chloride
vinylidene chloride
.Q-. HJ-, .p-xylenes
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CARB METHOD 427
Determination of Asbestos Emissions from Stationary Sources
REFERENCE:
Stationary Source Test Methods, Volume III: Methods for Determining Emissions of Toxic
Air Contaminants from Stationary Sources. State of California Air Resources Board,
Monitoring and Laboratory Division. Sacramento, CA: 1989.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
CARB Method 427 is used to determine asbestos emissions from stationary
sources. The method describes a stack sampling method, but an alternate non-stack
method (NIOSH Method 7400) can be used. The method of analysis described in
NIOSH 7400 (light microscopy), and permitted under Method 427, does not distinguish
asbestos from other mineral fibers.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
The method consists of a stack sampling train designed to. isokineticaily collect a
paniculate sample from a known sample of gas, corrected to a dry basis. A probe is
used to withdraw the sample isokineticaily from the duct. A tared filter in filter holder is
placed behind the probe within the stack to collect the bulk of the paniculate sample. A
series of impingers or a condenser following the filter assembly outside the stack is used
to both measure the moisture present in the gas and protect the dry gas meter that is
located at the end of the train.
The sample is composed of the particulate-laden filter and the dried washings of
the probe, nozzle, and front half of the filter holder. Transmission electron microscopy
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(TEM) can be used to analyze the collected sample. TEM analysis is used to classify the
fibers as chrysotile, amphibole, or non-asbestos and to describe the aggregation of
asbestos into single fibers, bundles, or mats.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Phase contrast light microscopy will not differentiate between asbestos and other
mineral fibers.
e
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
1 ' , . '.., II
asbestos
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
' "' :,' , ' ''"'.'i'
asbestos
'" i j , ' ';:; ". ::
mineral fibers
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Section 3
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CARS Method 429
Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH)
Emissions from Stationary Sources
REFERENCE:
Stationary Source Test Methods, Volume III: Methods for Determining Emissions of Toxic
Air Contaminants from Stationary Sources. State of California Air Resources Board,
Monitoring and Laboratory Division. Sacramento, CA: 1989. .
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICABILITY
CARB Method 429 is used to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)
emissions from stationary sources. The sensitivity that can ultimately be achieved for a
given sample will depend upon the types and concentrations of other chemical
compounds in the sample, as well as the original sample size and instrument sensitivity.
The limitations on extension of the methodology to compounds other than the
method target compounds listed in Section-4.0 are the availability of standards and the
ability to perform chromatographic separations on vaporized compounds.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Particulate and gaseous-phase PAH are extracted-isokinetically from the stack and
collected on a filter, on XAD-2ฎ resin, in the impingers, or in upstream sampling train
components. Only the total amounts of each PAH in stack emissions can be determined
with this method. It has not been demonstrated that the partitioning in the different
parts of the sampling train is representative of the partitioning in the stack gas sample
for particulate and gaseous PAH.
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The analytical method entails the addition of internal standards to all samples in
known quantities, matrix-specific extraction of the sample with appropriate organic
solvents, preliminary fractionation and cleanup of extracts (if necessary), and analysis of
the processed extract for PAH using high-resolution capillary column gas
chromatography coupled with either low resolution or high resolution mass spectrometry.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Modified Method 5 sampling train can cause artifactual i'ormation and PAH
transformation. The fact that PAH can degrade or transform on sample filters is well
documented. When trapped on filters, certain reactive PAH such as benzo[a]pyrene,
benzo[a]anthracene, and fiuoranthene can readily react with stack gases. Low levels of
nitric acid and higher levels of nitrogen oxides, ozone, and sulfur oxides have been
known to react with these PAH.
PAH degradation may be of even greater concern when i:hey are trapped in the
impingers. When stack gases such as sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides come in contact
with the impinger water, they are converted into suifuric acid and nitric acid,
respectively. There is evidence that under such conditions certain PAH will be
degraded. It is recommended that the ieveis in the impingers be used as a qualitative
tool to determine if breakthrough has occurred in the resin.
In order to assess the effects of ozone, sulfur oxides, and nitrogen oxides, the
tester should monitor concurrently for these gases during PAH sampling.
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3-114
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4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
naphthalene
acenaphthylene
acenaphthene
fluorene
phenanthrene
anthracene
fluoranthene
pyrene
benz[a]anthracene
chrysene
benzo[b]fluoranthene
benzofkjfluoranthene
benzo[a]pyrene
benzo[ghi]peryiene
dibenz[a,h]anthracene
indeno[1.2.3-cd]pyrene
5.0 APPLICABLE CLEAN AIR ACT LIST COMPOUNDS
polycyciic organic matter
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2r5-025-32/cah.0610D
Section 3
3-116
, iiiiiiini i ,,; ""ii.t1:,:1!11
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CARS METHOD 431
Determination of Ethylene Oxide Emissions from Stationary Sources
REFERENCE:
Stationary Source Test Methods, Volume III: Methods for Determining Emissions of Toxic
Air Contaminants from Stationary Sources. State of California Air Resources Board,
Monitoring and Laboratory Division. Sacramento, CA: 1989.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
CARB Method 431 is used to determine ethylene oxide emissions from
sterilization chambers in pounds per steriization cycle. The method can be modified to
determine emissions of ethylene oxide from other stationary sources.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
A sterilization chamber is operated empty of items to be sterilized, minimizing
interferences and simulating worst-case vented emission conditions. Volumetric flow of
vented gas is monitored and vented gas is analyzed repeatedly by gas chromatography
during chamber purging; Total emissions of ethylene oxide for the sterilization cycle are
calculated from curves of flow and concentration over time.
Ethylene oxide is used in sterilizers at lethal concentrations.. Contact .with vented
gas can cause skin burns. Inhalation can cause injury or death. Caution should be
observed to avoid contact with or inhalation of vented gas.
The lower limit of sensitivity will vary according to the gas chromatography
equipment and span gases used. With appropriate span gases the method is expected to
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Section 3
3-117
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achieve useful accuracy over the expected range of emissions from either controlled or
uncontrolled sterilizers.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Ethylene oxide is frequently used in sterilizers in a mixture with
dichlorodifluoromethane (Freon 12). If the gas chromatographic conditions are not well
selected, the ethylene oxide peak may be overwhelmed by the tail of the Freon 12 peak
when testing emissions at low concentrations. This matrix problem is effectively
eliminated by selecting a gas chromatographic column where ethylene oxide elutes
before Freon 12.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
ethylene oxide
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
ethylene oxide
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NIOSH METHOD 2515
Diazomethane
REFERENCE:
>
NIOSH Manual, of Analytical Methods, Part 1: NIOSH Monitoring Methods, Volume 1.
U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, National Institute for Occupational
Safety and Health. Cincinnati, Ohio: Revised 1985.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
NIOSH Method 2515 is used to determine 0.1 to 0.6 ppm (0.2 to 1 mg/m3)
diazomethane for a 10 L air sample. '
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
An air sample is obtained using a solid sorbent tube (octanoic acid-coated
XAD-2ฎ resin, 100 mg/50 mg) attached to a personal sampling pump with flexible
tubing. The sample is collected at a known flow rate of 0.2 ฑ 0.03 L/min for a total
sample size of 6 to 30 L.
Analysis is by gas chromatography (GC) with flame ionization detector. A
stainless steel column, 3 m x 3 mm OD with 5% SP-1000 on 100/120 mesh Chromosorb
WHP preceded.by a 15 cm x 3 mm OD stainless steel precolumn 80/100 mesh Gas
Chrom Q is recommended.
Methyl octanoate (analyte) is desorbed in carbon disulfide with an internal
standard (tridecane) for daily calibration over a range of 1 to 32 ug methyl octanoate per
sample. The GC is set according to recommendations and conditions given in this
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Section 3
3-119
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method for optimum and the peak resolution samples are injected manually using the
solvent flush technique or with an autosampler.
1 | I!11 '" i, '
iilij - I' '!1 " ' if .' , i.
The concentration of diazomethane per sample is calculated by converting .mg
methyl, octanoate to mg diazomethane by multiplying the corrected mg per sample by the
molecular weight ratio, 41.04/158.24, and calculating the apparent concentration of "
diazomethane in the air volume sampled.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
The collection efficiency and reaction of diazomethane with the octanoic acid-
coated resin may be strongly dependent on sample flow rates; therefore, all samples must
be collected at a flow rate of 0.2 L/min only.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
diazomethane
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
diazomethane
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Section 3
3-120
ii":,;, ft. IN,Li '.i,,,,,',;1" ,p.
-------
NIOSH METHOD 7400
Fibers
REFERENCE:
NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, Part 1: NIOSH Monitoring Methods, Volume 1.
U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, National Institute for Occupational
Safety and Health. Cincinnati, Ohio: Revised 1985.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
NIOSH Method 7400 gives an index of airborne fibers but will not differentiate
asbestos from other mineral fibers. Fibers less than 0.25 um will not be detected by this
method.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
A sample is withdrawn through a 0.8 to 1.2 pmester membrane filter in a 25 mm
cassette filter holder at 0.5 to 16 L/min. The sample is prepared according to the
acetone/triacetin "hot block" method onto a phase-shift test slide. The fibers are '
counted manually using a light microscope and a Walton-Beckett graticule.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Any airborne fibers may interfere as all particles meeting the counting criteria will
be counted. Chain-like fibers may appear fibrous. High levels of non-fibrous dust
particles may obscure fibers in the field of view and increase the detection limit.
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4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
asbestos
various mineral fibers
5.0 " APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
asbestos
fine mineral fibers
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NIOSH METHODS 9010 AND 9012
Total and Amenable Cyanide Analysis
REFERENCE:
NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, Part 1: NIOSH Monitoring Methods, Volume 1.
U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, National Institute for Occupational
Safety and Health. Cincinnati, Ohio: Revised 1985.
1.6 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
NIOSH Methods 9010 and 9012 are used to analyze an aqueous sample for total
inorganic cyanide. The methods detect simple soluble salts or complex radicals, total
cyanide, and cyanide amenable to chlorination.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
The sample is refluxed with strong acid and distilled into an absorber/scrubber
that contains sodium hydroxide soiucion. Cyanide is released as hydrogen cyanide. The
cyanide ion is converted to cyanochloride by reaction with chloramin-T at a pH less than
8. Golor is formed by addition of pyridine-barbituric acid reagent. The concentration
of cyanide ion is determined colorimetrically (UV) either manually (Method 9010) or
with an automated system (Method 9012) by comparison to known standards.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Sulfides, nitrates, or nitrites adversely affect the colorimetric procedure but can be
eliminated as interferences by pretreating the sample.
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4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
inorganic cyanide
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
cyanide compounds
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OSHA METHOD ID-101
Chlorine in Workplace Atmospheres
REFERENCE:
OSHA Method ID-101
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
The method describes the collection and analysis of airborne chlorine for
industries where chlorine is used as a bleaching agent or for chlorination of various
organic compounds.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
An air sample is drawn into a solution of 0.1 percent sulfamic acid.. An aliquot of
the sample is reacted with acidic potassium iodide. Chlorine oxidizes the potassium
iodide to iodine which is measured by an ion specific electrode. The detection limit is
0.4 mg/m3 for a 15 liter air volume.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Strong oxidizing agents including iodate, bromine, cupric ion and manganese
dioxide can interfere with the analysis. High silver and mercuric concentrations (greater
than 15 ppm) also can cause interference.
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4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
Chlorine.
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
Chlorine.
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EPA METHOD 6
Determination of Sulphur Dioxide Emissions
from Stationary Sources
REFERENCE:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Code of Federal Regulations. Title 40, Part 60,
Appendix A. Washington, D.C. Office of the Federal Register, July 1, 1987.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Method 6 is used to determine sulphur dioxide (SO,) emissions from
stationary sources.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
A heated probe is used to collect a sample from the source. The probe is
equipped with a filter (either in or out of stack) to remove particulates and sulfuric-acid
mist (including sulphur trioxide). The sample is collected in impingers filled with
isopropanoi and hydrogen peroxide. The concentration of SO, is determined by titration
of the sample with barium perchlorate to a thorin endpoint.
The impinger solution can be modified to allow sampling/analysis of other
compounds.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Free ammonia, water soluble cations, and fluorides may interfere.
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4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
sulphur dioxide
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
ammonia
cyanide
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EPA METHODS 7C AND 7D
Determination of Nitrogen Oxide Emissions from
Stationary Sources-Alkaline-Permanganate Methods
REFERENCE:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Code of Federal Regulations. Title 40, Part 60,
Appendix A. Washington, D.C Office of the Federal Register, July 1, 1987.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Methods 7C and 7D are used to determine nitrogen oxide (NOX) emissions
from fossil-fuel fired steam generators, electric utility plants, nitric acid plants, among
other sources.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
An integrated sample is collected in a heated probe packed with glass wool for
paniculate collection. The sample is passed through a series of impingers containing
alkaline potassium permanganate solution. NOX is oxidized to nitrate ions. The nitrate
is reduced to nitrite with cadmium and the nitrite is analyzed colorimetricaily
(Method 7C) or is analyzed as nitrate by ion chromatography (Method 7D) against
known standards. The detection limits are 7 ppm NOX when sampling at 500 cc/min for
1 hour.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Sulpnur dioxide and ammonia may interfere.
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4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
nitrogen dioxide
nitrogen oxide
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
phosphine
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EPA METHOD 12
Determination of Inorganic Lead Emissions
from Stationary Sources
REFERENCE:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Code of Federal Regulations. Title 40, Part 60,
Appendix A. Washington, D.C Office of the Federal Register, July 1, 1987.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
L
This method applies to the determination of inorganic lead emissions from
specified stationary sources only.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Paniculate and gaseous lead emissions are withdrawn isokinetically from the
source and collected on a filter and in dilute nitric acid. The collected samples are
digested in acid solution and analyzed by atomic absorption spectrbmetry using an air
acetylene flame.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Sample matrix effects may interfere with the analysis for lead by flame atomic
absorption. If matrix interference is suspected, the analyst may confirm the presence of
these matrix effects and frequently eliminate the interference by using the Method of
Standard Additions.
High concentrations of copper may interfere with the analysis for lead at
217.0 nm. This interference can be avoided by analyzing the samples at 283.3 nm.
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4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
lead compounds
5.0 APPLICABLE CLEAN AIR ACT LIST COMPOUNDS
lead compounds
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EPA METHOD 13A
Determination of Total Fluoride Emissions from Stationary Sources
by the SPADNS Zirconium Lake Method
REFERENCE:
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources. Compilation. U. S. Environmental
Protection Agency, EPA-340/1-77-015.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Method 13A. is used to determine fluoride emissions from stationary sources.
It does not measure fluorocarbons.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Gaseous and-paniculate fluoride are withdrawn isokineticaily from the source
through a heated probe. A filter (with optional heating) is placed either before the first
impinger or between the third and fourth impinger. The sample is collected in impingers
containing deionized water and analyzed spectrophotometricaily after distillation and
.addition-of SPADNS reagent [4,5 dihydroxy-3-(p-sulfophenyiazo)-2,7-naphthalene- -
disulfonic acid trisodium salt]. The range of this method is 0 to 1.4 //g F/mL. The
sensitivity has not been determined.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Large quantities of chloride will interfere with the analysis. Grease on sample-
exposed surfaces may cause low results because of adsorption of fluoride.
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4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
fluoride
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
hydrogen fluoride
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EPA METHOD 13B
Determination of Total Fluoride Emissions from Stationary Sources
by Specific Ion Electrode Method
REFERENCE:
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources. Compilation. U. S. Environmental
Protection Agency, EPA-340/1-77-015.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Method 13B is used to determine fluoride emissions from stationary sources.
It does not measure fluorocarbons.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Gaseous and paniculate fluoride are withdrawn isokinetically from the source
through a probe heated filter and collected in impingers containing deionized water.
The sample is analyzed after distillation by a specific ion electrode that is calibrated with
known standards.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Grease on sample-exposed surfaces may cause low results because of adsorption
of fluoride.
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4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
fluoride
'i i . , ", ' '
' ' , J .
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
hydrogen fluoride
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EPA METHOD 14
Determination of Fluoride from Roof Monitors
REFERENCE:
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources. Compilation. U. S. Environmental
Protection Agency, EPA-340/1-77-015.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Method 14 is used to determine fluoride emissions from potroom roof
monitors for primary aluminum plants when specified by New Source Performance
Standards. It does not measure fluorocarbons.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
The sample is drawn into a manifold that is connected to a duct. A sample is
withdrawn from the duct isokinetically and analyzed, either spectrophotometrically or by
use of a specific ion electrode.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Large quantities of chloride will interfere with the analysis. Grease on sample-
exposed surfaces, may cause low results because of adsorption of fluoride.
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4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
fluoride
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
hydrogen fluoride
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EPA METHOD 15
Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide, Carbonyl Sulfide,
and Carbon Disulfide from Stationary Sources
REFERENCE:
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources. Compilation. U. S. Environmental
Protection Agency, EPA-340/1-77-015.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Method 15 is used to determine hydrogen sulfide, carbonyl sulfide, and
carbon disulfide from tail gas control units of sulfur recovery plants. Any method that
uses the principle of gas chromatography separation with flame photometric detection
can be substituted, providing that sample-line loss and the calibration precision are met.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Gas-is drawn through a heated sample probe followed by a particulate filter
(Teflonฎ) outside the stack. A sulfur dioxide (SO,) scrubber made up of impingers
containing citrate buffer removes SO, from the sample. The sample then is diluted with
clean dry air (9:1) and fed into a gas chromatograph (GC) equipped with a flame
photometric detector ((FPD). In the GC, temperature is increased through a
temperature program and the compounds of interest are eluted from the column on the
basis of boiling point. Concentrations of the sulfur compounds of interest are
determined by calibration of the GC/FPD against known standards. The minimum
detectable quantity, depends on the sample size and would be about 0.5 ppm for a 1 mL
sample.
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3.0 INTERFERENCES
Moisture, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, SO2, elemental sulfur, and alkali mist
are possible interferences.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
carbon disulfide
carbonyl sulfide
hydrogen sulfide
5..0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
carbon disulfide
carbonyl sulfide
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EPA METHOD 18
Measurement of Gaseous Organic Compound Emissions
by Gas Chromatography
REFERENCE:
40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Method 18 is used to analyze approximately 90 percent of the total gaseo.us
organics emitted from an industrial source.
Method 18 does not include techniques to identify and measure trace amounts of
organic compounds such as those found in building air and fugitive emission sources.
This method will not determine compounds that: (1) are polymeric (high molecular
weight); (2) can polymerize before analysis; or (3) have very low vapor pressures at
stack or instrument conditions.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
A presurvey must be performed on each source to be tested. The purpose of the
presurvey is.to obtain all information necessary to design the emission test. The most
important presurvey data are the average stack temperature and temperature range,
approximate paniculate concentration, static pressure, water vapor content, and identity
and expected concentration of each organic compound to be analyzed. Some of this
information can be obtained from literature surveys, direct knowledge, or plant
personnel. However, presurvey samples of the gas shall be obtained for analysis to
confirm the identity and approximate concentrations of the specific compounds prior to
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the final testing. The presurvey samples shall be used to develop and confirm the best
sampling and analysis scheme.
, !i" I
The major components of a gas mixture are separated with a gas chromatograph
(GC) and measured with a suitable detector. The retention time of each separated
component is compared with the retention time of a known compound under identical
conditions. Therefore, the analyst confirms the identity and approximate concentration
of the organic emission components beforehand. With this infonnation, the analyst then
prepares or purchases commercially available standard mixtures to calibrate the GC
under conditions identical to those of the samples. The analyst also determines the need
for sample dilution to avoid detector saturation, gas stream filtration to eliminate
paniculate matter, and prevention of moisture condensation. The range of this method
is from about 1 part per million (ppm) to the upper limit governed by GC detector
saturation or column overloading. The upper limit can be extended by diluting the stack
gases with an inert gas or by using smaller gas sampling loops.
The sensitivity limit for a compound is defined as the minimum detectable
concentration of that compound, or the concentration that produces a signal-to-noise
ratio of three to one. The minimum detectable concentration is determined during the
presurvey calibration for each compound. Gas chromatographic techniques typically
provide a precision of 5 to 10 percent relative standard deviation (RSD), but an
experienced GC operator with a reliable instrument can readily achieve a 5 percent
RSD. For this method, the following combined GC/operator values are required:
1. Precision - duplicate analyses are within 5 percent of their mean value.
2. Accuracy ~ analysis results of prepared audit samples are within 10 percent
of preparation values.
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3.0 INTERFERENCES
Chromatographic resolution interferences that may occur can be eliminated by
appropriate GC column and detector choice or by shifting the retention times through
changes in the column flow rate and the use of temperature' programming. If
Chromatographic resolution cannot be achieved by application of these techniques,
quantitative results cannot be obtained from the application of this method.
The analytical system is demonstrated to be essentially free from contaminants by
periodically analyzing blanks that consist of hydrocarbon-free air or nitrogen. Sample
cross-contamination that occurs when high-level and low-level samples or standards are
analyzed alternately is best dealt with by thorough purging of the GC sample loop
between samples.
To ensure consistent detector response, calibration gases are contained in dry air.
To eliminate errors in concentration calculations due to the volume of water vapor in the
samples, moisture concentrations are determined for each sample, and a correction
factor is applied to any sample with greater than 2 percent water vapor.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
gaseous organics
5.0 APPLICABLE CLEAN AIR ACT LIST COMPOUNDS
acetaldehyde
allyl chloride
1,3-butadiene
carbon disulfide
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carbonyl sulfide
chloroprene
ethyl chloride
ethylene imine
ethylene oxide
formaldehyde
hydrazine
methanol
methyl bromide
methyl chloride
methyl iodide
methyl isocyanate
methylene chloride
phosgene
propylene oxide
1,2-propyiene imine
vinyl bromide
vinyl chloride
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EPA METHOD 23
Determination of Polychlorinated
Dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and
Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans (PCDFs)
from Stationary Sources
REFERENCE:
Federal Register, February 13, 1991 (56 FR 5758). To be included in 40 CFR Part 60,
Appendix A.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Method 23 is used to determine polychlorinated dibenzo-r>dioxins (PCDDs)
and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) from stationary sources.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
A sample is withdrawn isokinetically from the stack through a probe, a filter, and
a trap packed with a solid adsorbent. The PCDDs and the PCDFs are collected in the
probe, on the filter, and on the solid absorbent.
The sampling train used in this method is identical to that described in EPA
Method 5 with the exceptions and modifications noted within this method.
The sample is analyzed using a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass
spectrometer (GC/MS). A 1 to 5 /zL aliquot of the sample extract is injected into the
GC and measured with the MS. The total PCDDs and PCDFs are the sum of the
individual isomers. Strict identification criteria for PCDDs and PCDFs are listed in the
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method. Fused silica capillary columns are required, and one of the following is
recommended:
DB-5, 0.25 ftm film thickness; or
SP-2331 column to measure the 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran isomer.
Two types of calibration procedures are required: an initial calibration is
required before any samples are analyzed and intermittently calibrations are performed
throughout sample analyses. The routine calibration consists of analyzing the column
performance check solution and a concentration calibration solution.
The peak areas for the two ions monitored for each analvte are summed to vield
* *
the total response for each analyte. Each internal standard is used to quantify the
PCDDs or PCDFs in its homologous series.
.,, .,.'; / ;. .," ' . <} : - ':
3.0 INTERFERENCES
PCDDs and PCDFs are often associated with other interfering chlorinated
compounds such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and poiychlorinated diphenyi
ethers, which may be found at higher concentrations than those of the analytes of
interest.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-4>dioxin
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzoruran
1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran
2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzoruran
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2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
1,2,3,6,7,8-hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
l,2,3,7,8,9-hexachlorodiben20-p-dioxin
2,3,4,6,7,8-hexachlorodibenzo-.p-dioxin
1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorodibenzo.-.|>-dioxin
1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorodibenzofuran
1,2,3,6,7,8-hexachlorodibenzofuran
1,2,3,7,8,9-hexachlorodibenzofuran
1,2,3,4,6,7,8-hepatachlorodibenzofiiran
1,2,3,4,7,8,9-hepatachlorodibenzofuran
octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
octachlorodibenzofuran
5.0 APPLICABLE CLEAN AIR ACT CHEMICALS
dibenzofurans
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-g-dioxin
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EPA METHOD 101
Determination of Participate and Gaseous Mercury
Emissions from Chlor-Alkali Plants Air Streams
REFERENCE:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Code of Federal Regulations. Title 40, Part 60,
Appendix B. Washington, D.C. Office of the Federal Register, July 1, 1987.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
This method applies to the determination of paniculate and gaseous mercury
emissions from chlor-alkali plants and other sources (as specified in the regulations),
where the carrier gas in the duct or stack is principally air.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Particulate and gaseous mercury emissions are withdrawn isokinetically from the
source and collected in acidic iodine monochloride solution. The mercury collected (in
the mercuric form) is reduced to elemental mercury, which is then aerated from the
solution into an optical ceil and measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. i
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Sampling SO, reduces iodine monochloride and causes premature depletion of the
iodine monochloride.
Iodine monochloride concentrations greater than 10~* molar inhibit the reduction
of the Hg in the aeration ceil. Condensation of water vapor on the optical ceil windows
causes a positive interference.
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4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
mercury compounds
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS'
mercury compounds
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";;! '1 ' V ,: ,' : ! : ' 'H t i ,i. Jli'SUli1!).!. ; li '-
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EPA METHOD 101A
Determination of Participate and Gaseous Mercury Emissions
from Sewage Sludge Incinerators
REFERENCE:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Code of Federal Regulations. Title 40 CFR,
Part 61, Appendix B. Washington, D.C Office of the Federal Register, July 1, 1987.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Method 101A applies to the determination of paniculate and gaseous
mercury emissions from sewage sludge incinerators and other sources as specified in the
regulations.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
This method is similar to EPA Method 101, except acidic potassium
permanganate solution is used instead of acidic iodine monochloride for collection.
Paniculate and gaseous mercury emissions are withdrawn isokineticaily from the
source and collected in acidic potassium permanganate solution. The mercury collected
(in the mercuric form) is reduced to elemental mercury, which is then aerated from the
solution into an optical cell and measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Excessive oxidizable organic matter in the stack gas prematurely depletes the
potassium permanganate solution and prevents further collection of mercury.
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Condensation of water vapor on the optical cell windows causes a positive
interference.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
mercury compounds
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
mercury compounds
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EPA METHOD 103
Beryllium Screening Method
REFERENCE:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Code of Federal Regulations. Title 40 CFR,
Part 61, Appendix B. Washington, D.C Office of the Federal Register, July 1, 1987.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICABILITY
EPA Method 103 details guidelines and requirements for methods acceptable for
use in determining beryllium emissions in ducts or stacks at stationary sources.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Beryllium emissions are isokinetically sampled from three points in a duct or
stack. The collected sample is analyzed for beryllium using an appropriate analytical
technique.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Not specified in Method.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
beryllium compounds '
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5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
beryllium compounds
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EPA METHOD 104
Reference Method for Determination of Beryllium
Emissions from Stationary Sources
REFERENCE:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Code of Federal Regulations. Title 40 CFR,
Part 61, Appendix B. Washington, D.C Office of the Federal Register, July 1, 1987.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Method 104 is applicable to the determination of beryllium emissions in
ducts or stacks at stationary sources. Unless otherwise specified, this method is not
intended to apply to gas streams other than those emitted directly to the atmosphere
without further processing.
2.0 INTERFERENCES
Beryllium emissions are isokinetically sampled from the source, and the collected
sample is digested and analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Not specified in method.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
beryllium compounds
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5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMEiNDMENTS POLLUTANTS
beryllium compounds
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Stetson 3
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EPA METHOD 106
Determination of Vinyl Chloride from Stationary Sources
REFERENCE:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Code of Federal Regulations. Title 40 CFR,
Part 61, Appendix B. Washington, B.C. Office of the Federal Register, July 1, 1987.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Method 106 is applicable to the measurement of vinyl chloride in stack gases
from ethylene dichloride, vinyl chloride, and polyvinyl chloride manufacturing processes.
The method does not measure vinyl chloride contained in paniculate matter.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
An integrated bag sample of stack gas containing vinyl chloride is subjected to GC
analysis using a flame ionization detector.
3.0 "INTERFERENCES
The chromatographic columns and the corresponding operating parameters
described in Method 106 normally provide an adequate resolution of vinyl chloride.
However, resolution interferences may be encountered on some sources.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
vinyl chloride
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ill! "
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
vinyl chloride
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EPA METHOD 114
Test Methods for Monitoring Radionuclide Emissions
from Stationary Sources
REFERENCE:
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources. Compilation. U. S. Environmental
Protection Agency, EPA-340/1-77-015.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Method 114 contains guidance on continuous stack sampling for
radionuclides and radiochemical methods used.to analyze the sample. Radionuclides
differ in the chemical and physical forms, half-lives, and type of radiation emitted. The
appropriate type of sample extraction, collection, and analysis for an individual
radionuclide depends on many interrelated factors, including the mixture of other
radionuclides present. Therefore the procedure for radionuclide sampling and analysis
described in Method 114 is actually a series of methods based on principles of
measurement that provides the user with flexibility to choose the combination of
sampling and analysis schemes most applicable to the effluent stream measured.
The analysis methods described in Method 114 are for commonly found
radionuciides that have the greatest potential for public harm. The analyses are grouped
according to the type of radiation emitted: alpha, beta, or gamma.
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2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
2.1 Particulate Sampling
Continuous sampling can be performed according to EPA Method 5 or SW-846
Method 0020 to isokinetically sample radionuclides present as particulate matter. A
probe is equipped with a filter that has a high efficiency for sub:tnicrometer particles.
Additional guidance can be found in the American National Standards Institutes' "Guide
to Sampling Airborne Radioactive Materials at Nuclear Facilities" (1969).
2-2 Gaseous Sampling
Radionuclides of hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, the noble gases, and in some
cases iodine, will be in the gaseous form. Radionuclides of these elements will require
direct flow into a counter or suitable bubblers to collect the radionuclides. The
following are suggested media for gaseous sample collection:
Radionuclide
cntium
iodine
argon, krypton,
xenon
oxygen, carbon,
nitrogen, radon
Medium
silica gel, molecular sieves, ethyiene
glycol, water
charcoal, metal zeolites, caustic solution
charcoal or metal zeolites
caustic solution
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2.3 Analysis
23.1 Alpha Analysis
The element of interest is separated from the sample matrix by precipitation, ion
exchange, or solvent extraction; or by carriers using electrodeposition or coprecipitation.
The alpha energy is measured by alpha spectrometry or an alpha counter. Paniculate
samples can be analyzed from the surface of the filter directly by alpha spectrometry or
an alpha counter.
2-3.1.1 Uranium Analysis. Uranium is dissolved and extracted into hexane. The
extract can be analyzed colorimetrically by adding dibenzoylmethane, or fluorometricaily
after fusion with sodium fluoride-lithium fluoride.
2.3-1.2 Radon-222. Radon in the gaseous form can be detected continuously using
a calibrated scintillation cell
2.3.2. Beta Analysis
Gaseous samples can be continuously analyzed by flow through a ionization
chamber or another beta detector such as a Geiger-Muller tube. In non-gaseous sample
mixtures, the element of interest is separated from other radionuclides by precipitation,.
distillation, ion exchange, solvent extraction, or carriers. The extracted radionuciide is
analyzed with a scintillation cell or a beta counter. Paniculate samples can be analyzed
directly from the filter with a beta counter when it is known that the sample contains
only the radionuclide of interest.
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2.3.3. Gamma Analysis
High resolution gamma spectroscopy can be used to directly measure gaseous,
liquid, or paniculate gamma-emitting radionuclides. Prior chemical separation is not
usually necessary. For simple mixtures, low resolution gamma sipectroscopy can be used.
Single channel gamma spectrometry can be used when only one: gamma-emitting
radionuclide is present.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Some analysis methods state that only one radionuclide can be present without
interference in the analysis. Sufficient separation must occur to produce a pure sample
from combined extracts and with a correction for chemical yield.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
carbon*
hydrogen*
iodine*
nitrogen*
noble gases (including argon)
oxygen*
polonium-210
radon-222
tritium*
uranium
Usually gaseous
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NOTE: Method target compounds are not limited to those listed above.
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
radidnuclides
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EPA METHODS 515/615
Determination of Chlorinated Herbicides in Drinking Water (Method 515)
Determination of Chlorinated Herbicides in Industrial and Municipal
Wastewater (Method 615)
REFERENCES:
Method 515 -
Method 615 -
Supplement to "Method for the Determination of Organic
Compounds in Finished Drinking Water and Raw Source Water."
EPA EMSL. September 1986.
Pressley, Thomas A., and Lohgbottom, James E., EPA EMSL. 'The
Determination of Chlorinated Herbicides in Industrial and
Municipal Wastewater." January 1982.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Methods 515 and 615 are used to determine certain chlorinated acid
herbicides in drinking water (Method 515) and wastewater (Method 615). Chlorinated
herbicides in air will be distributed between paniculate and gas phase, depending upon
temperature.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Methods 515 and 615 need to be modified to allow extraction of solid sorbent
used for air sampling. The original methods require acidifying approximately 1 L of
sample. The acid herbicides and their esters and salts are then extracted with ethyl ether
using a separatory funnel. The esters are hydrolyzed and converted to acid salts with
potassium hydroxide solution. The aqueous phase containing the acid salts is then
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solvent-washed to remove extraneous organic material. After acidification, the acids are
extracted into organic phase and the sample volume reduced to 5 mL in methyl t-butyl
ether (MTBE) with a K-D concentrator. The acids are converted to their methyl ester
using diazomethane as the derivatizing agent. Excess reagent is removed and the esters
are determined by electron capture gas chromatography.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Interferences may be caused by contaminants in solvents, reagents, and glassware.
Therefore, care must be taken during sample preparation to ensure minimal
interferences.
The acid forms of the herbicides are strong organic acids that react readily with
alkaline substances and can be lost during analysis. Glassware and glass wool must be
acid-rinsed, and the sodium sulfate must be acidified, prior to use to avoid this possibility.
Organic acids and phenols, especially chlorinated compounds, cause the most
direct interference with the analysis. Alkaline hydrolysis and subsequent extraction of
the basic solution remove many chlorinated hydrocarbons and ptithaiate esters that might
otherwise interfere with the electron capture analysis.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
2,4-D
2,4-DB
dalapon
dicamba
dichlorprop*
dinoseb
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MCPAซ
MCPP*
pentachlorophenol (PCP)
picloram
2,4,5-T
2,4,5-TP (silvex)
* Method 615 only
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
2,4-D esters and salts .
pentachlorophenol
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EPA METHOD 531
Measurement of N-Methyl Carbamoyloximes and N-Methyl Carbamates in
Drinking Water by Direct Aqueous Injection HPLC with
Post-Column Derivatization
REFERENCE:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA/600/485/054
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Method 531 is used to identify and measure N-methylcarbamoyloximes and
N-methyl carbamates in finished drinking water, raw source water, or drinking water at
any treatment stage.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Air samples are collected using EPA sampling Method 0010." "The solid sorbents.
used m Method 0010 are extracted with methylene chloride. Extensive modification of
chromatographic conditions of Method 531 will be required to perform analysis of air
samples.
In Method 531, a high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) system
capable of injecting 200 to 400 /*L aliquots and performing binary linear gradients at a
constant flow rate is used for sample analysis. The recommended, column is a 10 cm
long x S mm ID radially compressed HPLC column packed with 10 fim ^-Bondapak C18
or equivalent. Use of a guard column is also recommended. A post-column reactor
capable of mixing reagents into the mobile phase is needed. The fluorescence detector
should be capable of excitation at 230 mm and detecting emission energies greater than
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419 nm. Fluorometers should have dispersive optics for excitation and be able to utilize
either filters.or dispersive optics at the emission detector.
The water sample is filtered and a 400-^L aliquot is injected into a reverse phase
HPLC column. Separation of the anaiytes is achieved using gradient elution
chromatography. After elution from the HPLC column, the analytes are hydrolyzed with
0.05N sodium hydroxide at 95ฐC The methyl amine formed during hydrolysis is reacted
withs-phthalaldehydes to form a highly fluorescent derivative which is detected using a
fluorescence detector.
The anaiytes are identified by comparing the retention times of the unknowns to
the retention times of standards, and the concentration of individual compounds in the
sample is determined.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Any matrix interferences that will interfere with- the chromatography are
interferences for the method. Matrix interference that will produce saturation of the
chromatographic system will interfere with the analysis of target compounds even if the
fluorescence detector will resolve the compounds.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
f
aldicarb
aldicarb sulfone
aldicarb sulfoxide
carbaryl
carbofuran
3-hydroxycarbofuran
273-026-32/can.061oo
Section 3
..3-170
-------
methomyl
oxamyl
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
carbaiyi
dimethyl carbamoyl chloride
27S-026-32/can.061oo
Section j
3-171
-------
275-026-32/can,061oo
3-172
-------
EPA METHOD 632
Determination of Carbofuran, Fluometuron, Methomyl, and
Oxamyl in Wastewater
REFERENCE:
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, EMSL, Physical and Chemical Methods Branch.
November, 1985.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Method 632 is a high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method
used to determine certain carbamate and urea pesticides in industrial and municipal
wastewater discharges.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Air samples may be obtained using EPA Method 'OOIO, and the solid sorbent
extracted-with methylene chloride.
When Method 632 is applied to wastewater, a measured volume of sample (about
1 L) is solvent-extracted with methylene chloride using a separatory funnel. The
methylene chloride extract is dried and concentrated to a volume of 10 mL or less.
HPLC conditions are described that permit the separation and measurement of the
compounds in the extract.
The HPLC analytical system should include high pressure syringes or sample
injection loop, analytical columns, ultraviolet (UV) detector and strip chart recorder. A
guard column is recommended for all applications. The recommended analytical column
27S-025- 32/can.06 loo
Section j
J-L/J
-------
is a 30 cm long x 4 mm ID stainless steel packed with //-Bondapak C18 (10 pm) or
equivalent with Whatman Co. PELL ODS (30 - 38 /zm) guard column, 7 cm long x 4 mm
ID. The UV detector should be capable of monitoring at 254 nm and 280 nm.
The HPLC system may be calibrated using either the external or internal standard
technique. The standards and extracts must be in the solvent (acetonitrile or methanol)
compatible with the mobile phase.
The sample extract is injected (around 10 pL), the resulting peak size in area or
peak height units is recorded, and the concentration of individual compounds in the
sample is determined.
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Matrix interferences may be caused by contaminants that are coextracted from the
sample. The extent of matrix interferences will vary considerably from source to source,
depending upon the nature and diversity of the industrial complex or municipality
sampled.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
aminocarb
barban
carbaryl
carbofuran
chlorpropham
diuron
fenuron
fenuron-TCA
Section J
3,174
-------
fluometuron
linuron
methiocarb
methomyl
mexacarbate
monuron
monuron-TCA
neburon
oxamyl
propham
propoxur
siduron
swep
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
. . caprolactam
ethylene thiourea
ethyl carbamate
propoxur
,C75-026-32/can.061 oo
3ecnon 3
.. 3-175
-------
275-02S-32/cah.Oei op
Section 3
3-176
-------
EPA METHOD 680
Determination of Pesticides and PCBs in Water and Soil/Sediment by
Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry
REFERENCE:
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, EMSL, Physical and Chemical Methods Branch.
November, 1985.
1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
EPA Method 680 provides procedures for-mass spectrometric determination of
poiychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and pesticides in water, soil, or sediment. These
compounds in air will be mostly associated with paniculate, although some can exist in
the gas phase if the source temperature is high enough and the compound is sufficiently
stable. A modification of the method in order to analyze air samples is possible.
2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD
Sample preparation consists of placing a 1-L water'sample in a separatory funnel,
extracting with rnethyiene chloride, followed by hexane exchange. Method 680 must be
modified, however, to allow for extraction of solid sorbent used for air sampling. Sample
extract components are then separated with capillary column gas chromatography (GC)
and identified and measured with low resolution electron ionization mass spectrometry.
Two surrogate compounds and two internal standards are added to each sample.
Because of the multi-compound characteristics of PCBs, they are identified and
measured as isomer groups. A concentration is measured for each PCB isomer group,
and total PCB concentration in each sample extract is obtained by summing isomer
group concentrations.
275-026-j2/cah.061oo
Section 3
J- i .' /
-------
3.0 INTERFERENCES
Interferences may be caused by contaminants in solvents, reagents, and glassware.
Therefore, care must be taken in sample preparation to assure minimal interferences.
With both pesticides and PCBs, interferences can be caused by the presence of
much greater quantities of other sample components that overload the capillary column.
Therefore, additional sample cleanup procedures may be necessary to
eliminate these interferences. Capillary column GC retention times and the compound-
specific characteristics of mass spectra eliminate many of the interferences that formerly
were of concern with pesticide/PCB determinations with electron capture detection. The
approach and identification criteria used in this method eliminate interference by most
chlorinated compounds other than other PCBs. With the isomer groups approach,
coeluting PCBs that contain the same number of chlorines are Identified and measured
together. Therefore, coeluting PCBs are a problem only if they contain a different
number of chlorine atoms.
4.0 METHOD TARGET COMPOUNDS
aldrin
alpha-BHC !
beta-BHC
chlordane
delta-BHC
4,4'-DDD
4,4'-DDE
4,4'-DDT
decachlorobiphenyl
dichiorobiphenyls
275<26-32/caป!.061oa
Section 3
3-178
-------
dieldrin
endosulfan I
endosulfan II
endosulfan sulfate
endrin
endrin aldehyde
heptachlor
heptachlor epoxide
heptachlorobiphenyls
hexachlorobiphenyls
lindane
methocychlor
monochlorobiphenyls
nonachlorobiphenyls
octachlorobiphenyis
pentachlorobiphenyls
tetrachlorobiphenyls '
trichlo ro b ip he nyls
5.0 APPLICABLE CAA AMENDMENTS POLLUTANTS
chlordane
4,4'-DDE
poiychiorinated biphenyls
heptachlor
lindane
methoxychlor
toxaphene
275-026-32/can.061oo
oacrion 3
3-179
-------
-------
SECTION 4
SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS PROCEDURES COSTS
The cost of performing stack sampling and analysis for toxic organic compounds
will vary considerably depending on the degree of validation of the method. For
compounds where a validated method is available the cost of collecting a sample and
I
determining the concentration of a specific compound is provided in Table 4. In most
cases duplicate or triplicate samples should be collected. For compounds assigned to
sampling/analytical methods where a degree of success with sampling and analysis has
been demonstrated but the methodology is not validated through spiking sampling trains
and analysis of the components in the sample matrix of interest, field sampling must be
preceded by laboratory spiking and analysis of samples taken from identical or similar
matrices. Where no method has been investigated (i.e., methods were chosen .using
physical properties alone or previous experience with similar anaiytes), laboratory
conditions for analysis of samples must be evaluated, analytical precision and recovery
must be determined, and common interferences must be investigated (e.g., H-,0,' CO.,
acids, laboratory solvents, hydrocarbons, coeluting compounds for chromatographic
methods). Once analytical conditions have been determined, a full validation should be
performed using the EPA protocol for method validation. A full method development
and validation for a single analyte can cost more than 520,000. Method validation for
multiple anaiytes can frequently be performed efficiently at minimal additional cost.
The use of the cost figures presented in Table 4 assumes that the data quality
objectives for the program where sampling/analysis is required do not require data to
be generated that will be used for regulatory purposes. Furthermore, when the most
generic methods available are applied to determine the broadest range of compounds
simultaneously in a screening approach, significant compromises of individual compound
precision and accuracy may be encountered.
Section 4
4-1
-------
Table 4
Estimated Sampling and Analytical Costs
,,' *\ ', , &V?\" -
Source Methods '" '
Method 0010 Semivolatile
Organics
Method 0011
Aldehydes/Ketones
Method 0030 Volatile
Organics
Method 0012 Metals
Method 18 GC/General
Method 23 PCDD/PCDF
CARE 427 .Asbestos
Method 26 Halo-acids
Method 13/14 HF
Metnod 15 H,S and CS,
GARB 429 PAH/POM
Radionuclides/Paniculate
Radionuclides/Part. + Gases
TO-01 Aromatic VOC
TO-02 Halocar,bon VOC
TO-04 PUF/Biphenyls
TO-05 Aldehvdes
TO-06 Phosgene
TO-07 N-NitrosoDPA
TO-08 Phenols
-*ป> " fff
" Average Cost ^',
Single Sample *
$ 7,460
$ 6,780
$ 6,080
$8,180
$ 5,660
S 12,140
S 7,200
S 5,170
' . S 5.170
S 6,430
: S 6,640
$ 6,780
$ 8,180
S 3,240
$ 3,240
$ 5,330
S 3,570
S 3,460
$ 3,060
S 2.800
; '^ Average Cost
,~ Implicate Samples
$ 22,380
S 20,340
S 18,240
S 24,540
S 18.240
S 36,420
321,600
S 15,510
S 15,510
: i1!1 s, i. 'iijipi,1; ; i " i ""! iir'Sirs1"
S 19,290 j
S 19,920
S 20.340
S 24,540
S 9,720
S 9,720
$ 15,990
$ 10,710
$ 10,380
S 9,180
S 8.400
27S-026-32/can.061oo
Section 4
4-2
: .; i ,
-------
Table 4
(Continued)
Source Methods
TO-09 PCDD&PCDF-
HRMS
TO-10 PUF/Pesticides
TO- 11 Aldehydes
TO- 13 PUF-XAD/PAH
TO- 14 VOC Canisters
NIOSH 2515 Diazometnane
Assumptions:
Average Cost v
Single Sample
$ 7,090
$ 4,670
$ 2,940
$ 4,370
$ 3,490
S 3,240
Average-Cost
Triplicate Samples
$ 21,270
S 14,010
S 8,820
S 13,110
S 10,470
S 9,720
Standard stack sampling is occurring concurrently at the site.
Audit personnel are already at the site for criteria pollutants.
Travel to or from the site by sampling personnel is not included in costs.
Only one sample of a given type will be taken.
Efficiencies are possible when multiple samples are taken per episode.
ODC costs include one night lodging and two days per diem.
Each train requires only one person in the field for sampling.
Laboratory analysis includes sample preparation, analysis, validation of results.
Laboratory results are forwarded to the project team in tabular format.
Reporting costs involve inclusion of laboratory results into a larger project report.
275-026-32/can.06-!oo f
Section 4
4-3
-------
As an example, the cost to add screening for semivolatile organic compounds
i ' , ' ' i,"
should encompass: test plan revisions, presampiing sampling train preparation, onsite
train setup, actual sampling, sample recovery from the train, laboratory analysis which
may require specialized techniques to include non-routine analytes, data interpretation
and reporting. The cost to perform this addition to an existing program is on the order
of 530,000. This cost does not include any in-stack spiking or method validation
procedures, nor does the cost include any laboratory presampling/preanalysis method
development.
:?5-02S-32i>can.061ao
Section *
4-4
-------
APPENDIX A
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PROPOSED
CLEAN AIR ACT COMPOUNDS/CHEMICALS
cah.06lop
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APPENDIX A: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PROPOSED CLEAN AIR ACT
COMPOUNDS/CHEMICALS
^ฃฃ*ฃK*f*^
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75070
60355
75058
98862
53963
107028
79061
79107
107131
107051
92671
62533
90040
71432
92875
98077
100447
92524
117817
542881
75252
106990
105602
*&i^S&*< *\ '^Vs^-V^^ , "' %r*<%
""'j V. ~ > - .- ."",- f >'
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AcetaJdehyde
Acetamide
Acetonitrile
Acetophenone
2-Acetylaminofluorene
Acrolein
Acrylamide
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
Allyi chloride
4-Aminobipfaenyl
Aniline
o-Anisidine
Benzene
Benzidine
Benzotricnloride
Benzyl chloride
Bipheayi
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
Bis(chloromethyl) ether
Bromoform
13-Butadiene
Caprolactam
#'i?ป> t-Wsfe ป,^>x'^si
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21
222
82
202
53
125/25mm
139
77
44-46
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184
225
80
400/740mm
219-223
177-181
255
384
106
150-151
-4.5
268
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79-81
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84-86
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69-72
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70-72
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900.710
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86.8
0.298
423.130
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5.470
106.300
357.270
0.367
,
95.038
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1.210
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30.000
5.600
2100.169
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^ฃiww$ฃ& *ซ&%: '
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133062
63252
75150
56235
463581
120809
133904
57749
79118
532274
. .108907
510156
67663
107302
126998
95487
108394
106445
1319773
98828
94757
3547044
APPENDIX A: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PROPOSED CLEAN AIR ACT \
COMPOUNDS/CHEMICALS
T K-I i n- . '
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^mpฃ!"-'X\ hy**"> &&.; % **.'' sew. " ^
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Captan
Carbaryl
Carbon disulfide
Carbon tetrachloride
Carbonyl sulfide
Catechol
Chloramben
Chlordane
Chloroacetic acid
2-ChIoroacetophenone
Chlorobenzene
Chlorooenzilate
Chloroform
Chloromethyl methyl ether
Chloroprene
o-Cresol
m-Cresol
p-Cresol
Cresylic acid
Cumene
2,4-D salts and esters
DDE
^x'T^v^ '^j^
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145
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104-106
200.5
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62-64
54-56
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32-34
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88-90
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334883
132649
96128
84742
106467
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542756
62737
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64675
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60117
119937
79447
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57147
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APPENDIX A: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PROPOSED CLEAN AIR ACT II
COMPOUNDS/CHEMICALS
' \^vV%\ > x " %^"\iv.x *s 'c - ^ - ,'^P >v~
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Diazomethane
Dibenzofurans
l,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane
Dibutyl phthalate
l,4-Dicfalorobenzene(p)
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine .
Dicfaloroethvl ether
13-Dicfaloropropene
Dichlorvos
Diethanolamine
N,N-Diethylaniline
Dietfayl sulfate
3,3'-Dimetfaoxybenzidine
Dimethvlaminoazobenzene
33'-Dimethylbenzidine
Dimethyl carbamoyl chloride
Dimethyl formamide
1,1-Dimethyihydrazine
Dimethyl phthalate
Dimethyl sulfate
4,6-Dinitro-o-cresoi and salts
2,4-Dinitrophenol
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
?^-s #$<'***<*<.$*
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196
340
173
65-67/15 mm
105-106/730mm
117/lOmm
268.4
217
208
165
153
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282
188
312
106-108
300
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54-56
165
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27-30
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132-133
111
129-131
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114.5
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106898
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140885
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APPENDIX A: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PROPOSED CLEAN AIR ACT 1
COMPOUNDS/CHEMICALS
2&Slฃv^. ""* ' ^ ' "v? """"^ ^ "^ ^*fff'*f"*<*%,ฃf s V * V' " s* s
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1,4-Dioxane
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine
Epichlorohydrin
1,2-Epoxybutane
Ethyl acrylate
Ethylbenzene
Ethyl carbamate
Ethyl chloride
Ethylene dibromide
Ethylene dichloride
Ethylene giycol
Ethvlene imine
Ethylene oxide
Ethyiene thiourea
Ethylidene dichloride
Formaldehyde
Giycol ethers
Heptachlor
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachlorobutadiene
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
Hexachloroethane
Hexamethylene-l,6-diisocyanate
; ^^''jgrtg^ft'^^.
f S.v^x "^* ss ^ f& v '^W
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100-102
220
115-117
63
99
136
180
12
131-132
83
196-198
56.6
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145
323-326
210-220
239
186
225
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123-126
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-71
-95
49
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-35
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197-200
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95-5
227-229
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190-195
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1.000
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0.081
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A-4
-------
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APPENDIX A: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PROPOSED CLEAN AIR ACT
COMPOUNDS/CHEMICALS
680319
110543
302012
123319
78591
. 58899
108316
67561
72435
74839
74873
71556
78933
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74884
108101
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1634044
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75092
101688
101779
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Hexamethylphosphoramide
Hexane
Hydrazine
Hydroquinone
Isophorone
Lindane
Maleic anhydride
Methanol
Methoxychlor
Methyl bromide
Methyl chloride
Methvl chloroform
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl hydrazine
Methyl iodide
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Methyl isocyanate
Methyl methacrylate
Methyl tert-butyl ether
4,4-Methylene bis(2-chloroaniline)
Methylene chloride
Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate
4,4'-Methylenedianiline
\ -' ,'/&.-i \*'***jifc
*?*,ป'', "ff^-y "*"&-&.
*C^i'J*'*is ' . ^"5>v>/'% *.SA''S '
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230-232
69
113^
285
213-214
323.4
200
64.6
4
-24.2
74-76
80
87
41-43
117-118
37-39
100
53-56
39.8-40
265
ฃf <.-.
*' s '' y
-.-.'. ,,,,
f ^^ ' .'
'* ''5 ,,v^v ,
, ^$6sS&a$ :
*$ฃ'*ฅ' ^*j,3 ' ^4s.
^ :f /C'^
7
-95
2
172-175
-8
112.5
54-56
-98
89
-94
-97
-50
-87
-52.4
-64
-80
-17
-48
-115
99-107
-97
37
89-91
. '< " S v. '<#ซ<"
,-r """'->
"^ V y^dQ;
/'Fxessffit^'7
*'ฃ haoi^u
^^ ^C!#*/tt i^i^iXll?^'
v>^X-"- ^*V\^^ปฃviปซ*
5 ",v' ',-s sJr^'
.0300
150.00
14.4
0.439
l,2.10-5mb
@20C
0.000
124.883
very low
1591.890
3830.000
133.353 '
90.181
49.6
400.00
19.283
348.0
36.333
245.0
429.243
.001
cah.061op
Aooendix.A
A-5
-------
-------
APPENDIX A: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PROPOSED CLEAN AIR ACT
COMPOUNDS/CHEMICALS
B
91203
98953
92933
100027
79469
684935
62759
59892
56382
82688
87865
108952
106503
75445
85449
1336363
1120714
57578
123386
114261
78875
75569
75558
*- ป ;*- -~ -
r^'^^Mf
Naphthalene
Nitrobenzene
4-Nitrobiphenyl
4-Nitrophenol
2-Nitropropane
N-Nitroso-N-methylurea
N-Nitrosodimethvlamine
N-Nitrosomorpholine
Parathion
Pentachloronitrobenzene
Pentachlorophenoi
Phenol
p-Phenylenediamine
Phosgene
Phthalic anhydride
Polychlorinated biphenyls
1,3-Propane sultone
beta- Propiolactone
Propionaldehyde
Propoxur
Propylene dichloride
Propylene oxide
1,2-Propylenimine
* w^fs. f*****&f*yj$& s v * ">
ff&AF f M$+^fปf<*f>jv&ff,*
J^issv, ซ&CฃA&ซC$&t *-.,-X&^ป
lH
217.7
210-211
340
279
120
153/774mm
139-140/25mm
375
328
309.5
.182
267
8.2/760mm
284
180
162
46-50
95-%
34
66-67
"aS,^, \ 'U.~"
~if?" -,v ซ
t. '''"?<{&ฃ$& ,;ฃ '/
r^c%4':
^xซB>l^',4r
rS-.S ~ ^ ^^ /.^ f.
80-82
5-6
112-114
113-115
-93
123-124
29
6
144
190
40-42
143-145
-118
131-134
31-33
-33
-81
'32.19
-100
-112
-65
"- ; " ~"; " -' -
^%,ss ss^
j>Yaฃ0*jH
'* 3?iresssBra"
V-{ป8X<ง'-'
*%"AfQ"' ,
wr/" rK
0.087
0.259.
0.380
20.120
I
2.7 I
0.003
0.13
-0.005
0.352
0.005
1418
0.002
3.4
318.730
< 10-5 mbar
ฉ20* C
40.000
539.319
112.0
cah.061op
Aooendlx.A
A-6
-------
-------
91255
106514
100425
.96093
1746016
79345
127184
108883
95807
584849
95534
8001352
120821
79005
79016
95954
88062
121448
1582098
540841
108054
593602
75014
APPENDIX A: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PROPOSED CLEAN AIR ACT I
COMPOUNDS/CHEMICALS
sS'^^^^1*^t&
ซu|tffta4iCtaoM ; --"'?&?'
'9$m$^:^'^ฃ^'?.';;?? "'' - '^: ''>.->-',> y>S-
Quinoiine
Quinone
Styrene
Styrene oxide
23,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
2,4-Toluene diamine
2,4-Toluene diisocyanate
o-Toluidine
Toxaofaene
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
1, 1,2-Trichloroethane
Tricfaloroethyiene
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
Triethylamine
Trifluralin
2,2,4-Trimethyipentane
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
v^^^H^^1^^
v.vvw.<^X^.VWปw.yN>^s Xggxฃj
j^^sx^g^l^S:^^:
^^s ty-^?^*^:-ฎ^*'
Tf^^'l^8*! %5!p?
ซ^(ซซ*fiW()i^fe
^<^^^;
237.7
145-146
194
147
121
111
283-285
251/760mm
199-200
214
110-115
86.9
248/740mm
246
88.8
139-149
98-99
72-73
16/750mm
-13.4
^::5ป^:'Xw^ %&j$
JfcX-Kx.^ '^^x-VX^S
''^''"'t. t t^i J< * y
"^^ tawillK ^
v^v^-x jnftHit w^
^ ^.^v "^ ""1-" /*^s>
;? {ceK&tsy/
s'^> ซ *4
%.- '.' ^-.,^
-15
113-115
-31
-37
-43
-22
-93
97-99
20
-28
77.5
16
-37
-84.8
67-69
64-66
-115
49
-107
-93
-139
-153.8
s ^"^ jpy^i^y -^^y-
**" V* '''''' ^tfe
^^l*rซ5sto&^-
** f> J- " tes?'?-'
s -fr/S ffllQi. *ffiป"svs
^s V****** ^s^^> >
--s\ 3)!rC>;-|v;
Not
available |J
0.1000
6.591
0.300
1
4.339 I
18.090
2S.402
0.001
0.1
0.242
0.40
0.180
21.573
69.037
0.05
0.300
67.970
0
40.600
114.730
1058.3 '
2660.725
cah.061op
Aooendlx.A
A-7
-------
ibiliii! "!,, Vi ,(,
.; ', i i .!!!! ,,.. ill 'I1
-------
8
75354
1330207
95476
108383
106423
&&&T 'VC.V
1332214
156627
7782505
7647010
7664393
APPENDIX A: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PROPOSED CLEAN AIR ACT II
COMPOUNDS/CHEMICALS
Vinylidene chloride
Xylenes (isomers and mixture)
o-Xylene
m-Xylene
p-Xylene
~&$&\ t^: *^$&^^:^^^y&^*-
Antimony compounds
Asbestos
Arsenic compounds
Beryllium compounds
Cadmium compounds
Calcium cyanamide '
Chlorine
Chromium compounds
Cobalt compounds
Coke oven emissions
Cyanide compounds
Hydrochloric acid
Hydrogen fluoride
Lead compounds
Manganese compounds
Mercury compounds
Mineral fibers
Nickel compounds
>V?Jป\> -w^^Ma^^Kw*!
ง&$&$$ฃ
ฃ{ฃ&ฃฃ({ฃ$ j* sป^ff-,
'<4lsr"-^';^r
30-32
143-145
138-139
138
$$ฃ&%& "<*' j'-'V''^ 5*5,
-34.1
-85.1/760mm
19.5
cah.oeioo
Apoendlx.A A SJ
VK%&#.^
-y{eefeaซ4^
^^ >%/
-122
-25 to -23
-47.9 (Fp)
12-13
, 'T,/ 1 ,-.' t'J^.
1340
-101
-114.2
-83.6
IB
601.198
6.604
11.721
8.747
*,-"*:%_,
4800 (a) 20C
.
'
1
-------
-------
APPENDIX A: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PROPOSED CLEAN AIR ACT
COMPOUNDS/CHEMICALS
7803512
Phosphine
-87.7
-133
7723140
Phosphorus
Polycylic organic matter
Radionuclides
Selenium compounds
7550450
Titanium tetrachloride
136.4
-24.1
cah.OSlop
Aooendix.A
A-9
-------
-------
APPENDIX B
NIOSH AND OSHA AMBIENT AIR METHODS
can.061 oo
AoDendnr.a
-------
-------
Methods from NIOSH and OSHA are single-analyte methods, focused on
sampling in a workplace environment, usually at ambient or nearly ambient levels. Many
of the methods may not be appropriate at all for stationary sources, other methods may
require extensive modification. All NIOSH/OSHA methods would require validation for
stationary source applications. In the course of the literature review for this program,
NIOSH/OSHA methods were reviewed. Methods applicable to Clean Air Act analytes
are listed by number, according to analytes, for information only.
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NIOSH Manual of
Analytical Methods. Part 1, NIOSH Monitoring Methods, Volume 1. U.S.
Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Cincinnati, OH. Revised
1985.
Workplace inorganic methods Source:
OSHA Analytical Methods Manual published by ACGIH
(Cat. No. 0788), Cincinnati, OH 45211
Phone Number: 513-661-7881
Methods 1-80 Source: Cat. No. 4542
Methods 55-80 Source: Cat. No. 4544
can.oetop
AppendbcB
B-l
-------
APPENDIX B. NIOSH AND OSHA AMBIENT AIR METHODS
Acetaldehyde
Acetonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Allyl chloride
Aniline
Asbestos (bulk)
Benzene
Benzidine
Benzyl chloride
Beryllium compounds
Bromofonn
1,3-Butadiene
Cadmium compounds
Carbon disulfide
Carbon tetrachloride
Chlordane
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
Chloroprene
3507
1606
1604
1000
2002
9001
1501
5013/5509
1003
7102
1003
1024
7048/7200
1600'
1003
5510
1003
1003
1002
can.061co
Apcenoo.3
B-2
-------
APPENDIX B. NIOSH AND OSHA AMBIENT AIR METHODS 1
Chromium compounds
Cobalt compounds
Cumene
Cyanide compounds
Dibutyl phthalate
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidene
Dimethyl formamide
Epichlorohydrin
Ethyibenzene
Ethylene dibromide
Ethyiene dichloride
Ethylene glycoi
Ethylene oxide
Ethylene thiourea
Formaldehyde
Hexachloroethane
Hydrazine
Hydroquinone
Lead compounds
^t^y&X^to&ty-f' s JaiM^x $" *f& i^fy^fff^-ff'-"^ < ?***{ ,w<.w f f v^ . *
f^f^S5f'^f^^yf^wf''fff^^t*t-f^^f%^V^ & *** * 4 *,^-' '-X- *. v * "fs **fff* ff,.f
v^^MpO-SH-Bletbod Httmfeer --- **&*-
'& * ^^^^^^*^^w*5^'T-x v " ^ % \A- ^ ''V '' % / "rtw>''
7200/7024
7027
1501 1
7904 I
5020 1
5509
2004
1010
1501
1008
.1003
5500
1614/1607
5011
3501/2541/3500
1003
3503
5004
7082
can.oeioc
Aooendlx.8
B-3
-------
APPENDIX B. NIOSH AND OSHA AMBIENT AI
'WSlk^ulal^^ -- / /,*"*ฃ&
, I1 "W'KAi ;. ** *H i^^sisPDQpQaildSpj^v^^ :-X;^jr,;'
Manganese compounds
Methanol
Methyl chloride
Methyl chloroform
Methyl iodide
Methylene chloride
4,4'-Methylenedianiline
Naphthalene
Nickel compounds
Nitrobenzene
N.N-Diethylaniline
o-Anisidine
o-Toiuidine
Pentachlorophenol
Phenoi
Phosphine
Propyiene oxide
Styrene
1, 1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
f t f*t^^ฃ^.)fa^^ftj>)f*ifV+*StSfฅtf V-6-*%
v 5 ^-^^^..^x^-ty/Hygtyy J*T
v ซ; fi
X>-"' t>ป>^ ffff&f,ftฃ styff /^x^X V\A<^ ^ x>
- .
200
;
]
]
7200
2000
1001
1003
1014
1005
5029
1501
7200
2005
2002
5013
5512
3502
7905
1612
L501
1019
:an;061oo
A0pซlxjt)t.S
B-4
-------
APPENDIX B. NIOSH AND OSHA AMBIENT AIR METHODS
*^^W^**S?^^^*ซ^->t^wซ5^l9%^r^*^T^
Tetrachloroethylehe
Toluene
2,4-Toluene diamine
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
1, 1,2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethyiene
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
Vinyiidene chloride
Xylenes
1003
1501/4000
5516
5517
1003
1022
1009
1007
1015
1501
cah.061oo
AppendlxS
B-5
-------
APPENDIX B. NIOSH AND OSHA AMBIENT AJR METHODS
iiIKB.,i"iWJป<"ซ * ' '*&?}' *.*- ;,. , ;uฃuv wsปซ .. ""' s
Acetaldehyde
Acrolein
*
Acrylamide
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
Benzene
Benzidine
Bis(chloromethyl)ether
1,3-Butadiene
Carbaryi
Chiordane
Chloroform
Chloromethyl methyl ether
Coke oven emissions
Cresyiic acid
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine
Dichlorvos
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
Ethylene dibromide
; ft* "^^ซ?>%^AArf< "jtiii^i' ^y-Wft^^}; '*>''+^*^> j ^ ^5> ty*S&*f+4HX*S -X^X- *'ฃ*$*?**$% .
i,^^^|^^C^I|A/]^tbC^ ff ,-- \-stf?
^ *'%>. O A ' y'<'/v.<<ซs^%CioCC:XS^i.A--<- --s * .. si: * ' ' vw
68
52
21
28
37
12
65
10
56
63
- 67'
5
10
58
32
65
62
44
2
B-6
-------
APPENDIX B. NIOSH AND OSHA AMBIENT AIR METHODS
Ethylene dichloride
Ethylene oxide
Formaldehyde
Hexamethylene- 1,6-diisocyanate
Hydrazine
Maleic anhydride
Methyl isocyanate
Methyiene chloride
4,4'-Methylenedianiline
Methyiene diphenyi diisocyanate
Naphthalene
2-Nitropropane
N-Nitrosodimethylamine'
N-Nitrosomorpholine
o-, m-, and p-Cresois
o-Toluidine
Parathion
Pentachlorophenol
Phenol
3
50
52
42
20 ' I
*
54
80
57
47
35 J
46
27
27
32
73
62
39
32
can.061op
Acpendlx.8
B-7
-------
APPENDIX B. NIOSH AND OSHA AMBIENT AIR METHODS
Phosgene
61
Styrene
2,4-Toluene diamine
2,4-Toluene diisocyanate
1,1,2-Trichloroethane
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
Vinyiidene chloride
Arsenic compounds
Chlorine
Chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Mercury compounds
Phosohorus
65
42
11
51
75
19
ID-105
ID-101
ID-103
ID-120
1ID-121
ID-180'
AooenolxB
B-8
-------
APPENDIX C
CLEAN AIR ACT LIST CHEMICALS
DATABASE COMPILED BY SOUTHERN RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Problem POHC Reference Directory, EPA 600/3-90/094, Effective Date: January 1991.
can.oeiop
'Appendlx.C
-------
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 1
COMPOUND: Acetaldehyde
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/27/91
CAS REGISTRY NO: 75-07-0
FORMULA: C2-H4-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 44.05
COMPOUND CLASS: Aldehyde
APPENDIX 8? Y . APPENDIX 9? N CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 20.8
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -121
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: -38.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: VERY SOL
HEAT OF' COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 278.77
COMBUSTION RANKING: 100
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 Draft Method No. 0011 (DNPH Impinger)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 Draft Method No. 8315 (Extraction-HPLC of DNPH derivative)
VALIDATION STATUS:
For HPLC/UV analysis method, see "POHC Analysis Methods for Hazardous Waste
Incineration," Vol. 1, Part 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037b).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Reactive
Toxic
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:'
Reactive during sampling and analysis. Acetaldehyde is water soluble.
Sampled by derivatizing with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine.
Purge efficiencies from vost tubes have been evaluated and found to be
satisfactory with modified conditions. See "Development of VOST Sample
Analysis Protocol for Water-Soluble Volatile POHCs And PICs"
(EPA-600/8-37-008, February 1987)
SOLUTIONS:
Derivatized with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine.
-------
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/28/90
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
RECORD NUMBER: 2 %
COMPOUND: Acetamide
Ethanamide
Acetic acid amine
CAS REGISTRY NO: 60-35-5
FORMULA: C2-H5-N-0
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 59.07
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 221.2
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 80
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 975 g/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Experimental carcinogen. Mild skin and eye irritant.
SAMPLING METHOD:
ANALYSIS METHOD:
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Water Soluble
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 3 DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/27/91
COMPOUND: 2-Acetamidofluorene
2-Acety1amino fluorene
CAS REGISTRY NO: 53-96-3
FORMULA: C15-H13-N-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 223.29
COMPOUND CLASS: .
APPENDIXES? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990?- Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS:
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 192
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: INSOL
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5) or alkaline impinger
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS) or ion chromatography
VALIDATION STATUS:
For GC/FID and GC/MS analysis methods, see "POHC Analysis Methods for
Hazardous Waste Incineration" Vol. 1, Part 1 (EPA-600/8-37-037a).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): TOXIC
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Potent liver carcinogen
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY:
08/25/89
Acetonitrile
Ethane nitrile
CAS REGISTRY NO: 75-05-8
FORMULA: C2-H3-N
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 41.00
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y
P| Is 'r:; v :
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 1
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 17
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 81.6
MELTING POIN^, CELSIUS: -45
FLASHPOINT, CELSIUS: 12.80
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: VERY SOL
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 93
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
302.40
TOXICITY DATA: Poisonous; may cause skin irritation
SAMPLING METHOD: ' No reliable method as of 03-17-89
ANALYSIS METHOD:
No reliable method as of 03-17-89
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Water soluble .
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Infinitely soluble in water, and is likely to be present in the condensata
trap of the sampling train and of the water trap in Method 5040.
Therefore, acetonitrile cannot be analyzed by Method 5040. (See
"Development of VOST Sample Analysis Protocol for Wate.r-Soluble Volatile
POHCs and PICs" EPA-600/8-87-008)
SOLUTIONS:
Acetonitrile should not be selected as a POHC until reliable methods of
sampling and of analysis are demonstrated.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY:
09/25/90
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
Acetophenone
1-Phenyl ethanone
CAS REGISTRY NO: 98-86-2
FORMULA: C8-H8-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 120.10
COMPOUND CLASS: Aromatic ketone
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:' 3
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 85
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 202
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 20.5
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 105.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Slightly sol
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 991.60
COMBUSTION RANKING: 31
TOXICITY DATA: Irritant
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
For GC/FID and GC/MS analysis methods, see "POHC Analysis Methods for
Hazardous Waste Incineration" Vol. 1, Part 2 (EPA-600/3-37-037b).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF' PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND: Acrolein
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/27/91
CAS REGISTRY NO: 107-02-8
FORMULA: C3-H4-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 56.06
COMPOUND CLASS: Aldehyde
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y
, ' ,n " ป ' 1: , '
UDRI THERMAL -STABILITY CLASS: 3
UD,RI THERMAL งTABILITY RANKING: 106
""" '. 4i,
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 52.5
MELTING POINT< CELSIUS: -88
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: -18.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: VERY SOL
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 85
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
389.68
TOXICITY DATA; Highly toxic; flammable liquid
,'T ,
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0011 (DNPH Impinger) or 0030 (VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 83i5 (HPLC) or 5040 or 5041 (Purge and trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analysis
I Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Water soluble
Toxic
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Soluble in water, and therefore likely to be present in the condensate trap
of the sampling train.
A Validation study showed that even with modifications to improve recovery,
less than 50% of acrolein is recovered from the VOST train. See
"Development of VOST Protocol for Water-Soluble Volatile POHCs and PICs."
(EPA-600/8-37-008 February 1987)
SOLUTIONS:
Method 0011 is prefered over VOST.
Alonger purge time might give adequate recovery.
The extract from the condensate liquor should also be analyzed by
extraction-GC/MS.
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 7 DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/27/91
COMPOUND: Acrylamide
2-Propenamide
CAS REGISTRY NO: 79-06-1
FORMULA: C3-H5-N-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 71.08
COMPOUND CLASS.: Amide
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? N CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
i
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS?- 2
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 60 ' "
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 125 25
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 84
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 138
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: SOL
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 4.50
COMBUSTION RANKING: 127
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST) or 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Purge (Purge & Trap GC/MS) or'8270 (Extraction)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Water Soluble
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Water solubility may cause low recovery.
SOLUTIONS:
Both sampling methods are acceptable, but due to recovery problems, they
must be validated. Be particularly careful during solvent concentration
steps.
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 8
COMPOUND: Acrylic acid
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/27/91
CAS REGISTRY NO: 79-10-7
FORMULA: C3-H4-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: -72.06
COMPOUND CLASS: Organic acid
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9?
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: .
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS:
T'lllF,
141
14
N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
MELTING POINT; CELSIUS:
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 54
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Miscible
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 327
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXlCITY DATA: Intense skin irritant. Can cause death or permanant injury.
SAMPLING METHOD: "
ANALYSIS METHOD:
', , ; , ' " 'IP;, .
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Reactive
Toxic
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Emits highly toxic fumes upon heating. Polymerizes easily.
SOLUTIONS:
May need a coated sorbent to collect and inhibit polymerization. See
"Acrylic acid - the development of an air sampling and analytical
methodology for determining occupational exposure". AIHAJ 43, 499-504
(1982).
-------
RECORD NUMBER: . 9 DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/27/91
COMPOUND: Acrylonitrile
2-Propenitrile
CAS REGISTRY NO: 107-13-1
FORMULA: C3-H3-N
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 53.06
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 1 .'
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 20
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 77.7
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -82
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 0
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: SOL 7.3%
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 421.00
COMBUSTION RANKING: 78
TOXICITY DATA: Highly toxic cancer suspect agent
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Thermal Desorption/Purge and Trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analysis
Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Water soluble
Toxic
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Soluble in water, and therefore is likely to be present in the condensate
trap of the sampling train.
Validation studies have shown that recoveries can be improved if special
methodology is used. See "Development of VOST Protocol for Water-Soluble
Volatile POHCs and PICs" (EPA-600/8-87-008 February 1987)
SOLUTIONS:
A longer purge time might be necessary for adequate recovery. Also the
extract from the condensate liquor should be analyzed by extraction-GC/MS.
-------
"il If
' P" !!i;';"
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
10
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/27/91
4-Aminobiphenyl
(1,I'-Biphenyl)-4-amine
4-Biphenylamine
CAS REGISTRY NO: 92-67-1
FORMULA: C1|-H11-N
IOLECULAR 'WEIGHT: 159.20
c!bMPOUlfD CLASS: Aromatic amine .
APPEiNDfX ' 8? ' '''Y APPENDIX 9? Y
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 2
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 51
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 191
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 53
FLASH POINT, GELSIUS: 110.00
IpLtrBILITY, IN WATER: SLIGHTLY
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 1524.00
COMBUSTION RANKING: 16
TOXICITY DATA: Cancer suspect agent
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
For GC/FID and GC/MS analysis methods, see "POHC Analysis Methods for
Hazardous Waste Incineration" Vol. 1, Part 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037b).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analysis
SPECIFIC PRQBLEM TYPE(s') : Decomposition
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Samples are unstable at ambient temperature-.
.if I" . r . . .
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
11
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/27/91
Aniline
Benzeneamine
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
CAS REGISTRY NO: 62-53-3
FORMULA: C6-H7-N
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 93.12
COMPOUND CLASS: Aromatic amine
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 2.
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 46
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 185
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -6
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 169.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: SOL 33G/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 811.70
COMBUSTION RANKING: 45
TOXICITY DATA: Highly toxic; cancer suspect agent
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
For GC/FID and GC/MS analysis methods, see "POHC analysis Methods for
Hazardous Waste Incineration" Vol. 1, Part 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037b) .
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S) : Toxic
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Cancer suspect agent. May react during sampling or analysis. Recovery 'is
poor with methylene chloride and must be validated before going to field.
SOLUTIONS :
Extracting XAD2 with other solvents, such as hexane, has been more
effective than with methylene chloride.
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 12
COMPOUND: o-Anisidine
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/25/90
CAS REGISTRY NO: 90-04-0
FORMULA: C7-H9-N-0
MpLECULAR WEIGHT: 123.16
COMPOUND CIASS: Aromatic amine
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMALSTABILITYCLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BAILING POINT, CELSIUS: 225
MALTING POINT, CELSIUS: 5.5
F^LASH POINT, CELSIUS: 98
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Insol
njn 'I",
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Cancer suspect agent
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Toxic
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Cancer suspect agent
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
13
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/27/91
Antimony and compounds, N.O.S.
Antimony
CAS REGISTRY NO:
FORMULA: Sb
MOLECULAR WEIGHT:
COMPOUND CLASS: Metal
APPENDIX 8? .Y APPENDIX 9?
7440-36-0
121.75
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: .
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 1380
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 630
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: INSOL
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Toxic
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 Draft Method No. 0012 (Multiple metals train)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 Draft Method No. 0012 (Acid digestion-Atomic Spectroscopy)
VALIDATION STATUS:
For evaluation of this method, see "Measurement Methodology for Toxic
Metals from Municipal Waste Combustors". Paper 5C-1 presented at
"International Conference on Municipal Waste Combustors", Hollywood, FL
April, 1989.
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Toxic
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 14
COMPOUND: Aroclor 1016
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/27/91
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
CAS REGISTRY NO: 12674-11-2
FORMULA:
MOLECULAR WEIGHT:
COMPOUND CLASS: PCB
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? Y
UDRI THERMAL1 STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
.1 ''" , " I'C ' ';; " .'
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 323-356
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS:
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: >141
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 0.25 mg/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Experimental carcinogen.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8081 or 8270 (Extraction- GC/ECD or GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:'''"
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE (S) : Analytical
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Multicomponent analyte
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS :
ECD determination is by pattern recognition, so all components must be
present at the correct level for positive ID. Pattern recognition is not
acceptable after a combustion device or many other control devices.
SOLUTIONS:
Use GC/MS.
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 15
COMPOUND: Aroclor 1221
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY:
03/27/91
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
CAS REGISTRY NO: 11104-28-2
FORMULA:
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: Ave. 192
COMPOUND CLASS: PCB
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 290-325
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 1
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 141
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 0.59 mg/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Experimental carcinogen.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8081 or 8270 (Extraction- GC/ECD or GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analytical
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Multicomponent analyte
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
ECD determination is by pattern recognition, so all components must be
present at the correct levels for positive ID. Pattern recognition is not
acceptable after a combustion device or many other contron devices.
SOLUTIONS:
Use GC/MS
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 16
COMPOUND: Aroclor 1232
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/27/91
CAS REGISTRY NO: 11141-16-5
FORMULA:
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: Ave. 221
COMPOUND CLASS: PCB
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT1 OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: . . -
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POIlfT, CELSIUS: 290-325
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS:
FLASH POINT,CELSIUS: 154
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER:
'!'' ' ' ' '/"', ' " , , ';,|l!lii:|
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Experimental carcinogen.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-854 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
s'w-846 No. 8081 or 8270 (Extraction -GC/ECD or GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analytical
1 ||! i , ' . "!,|ji|
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Multicomponent analyte
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
ECD determination is by pattern recognition, so all components must be
present at the correct level for positive ID. Pattern recognition is not
acceptable after a combustion device or mant other control devices.
SOLUTIONS:
Use GC/MS.
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 17
COMPOUND: Aroclor 1242
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY:
03/27/91
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
CAS REGISTRY NO: 53469-21-9
FORMULA:
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: Ave. 261
COMPOUND CLASS: PCB
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? 1
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 325-366
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS:
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 176-180
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 0.10 mg/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Experimental carcinogen..
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8081 or 8270 (Extraction- GC/ECD or GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analytical
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Multicomponent analyte
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
ECD determination is by pattern recognition, so all components must be
present at the correct levels for positive ID. Pattern recognition is not
acceptable after a combustion device or many other'control devices. '
SOLUTIONS:
Use GC/MS.
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 18
COMPOUND: Aroclor 1248
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/27/91
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
CAS REGISTRY NO: 12672-29-6
FORMULA:
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: Ave 288
COMPOUND CLASS: PCB
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? Y
UDRI THERMAL-STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 340-375
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS:
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 193-196
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 54ug/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Experimental carcinogen.
1 : i1!! , ' ' ,u
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8081 or 8270 (Extraction- GC/ECD or GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analytical
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Multicomponent analyte
, . J| i ; !, .' . . . ,:
'!:! ,. ' ' P " ! .- . '
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
BCD determination is by pattern recognition, so all components must be
present at correct levels for positive ID.. Pattern recognition is not
acceptable after a combustion device or many other control devices.
SOLUTIONS:
Use GC/MS.
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 19
COMPOUND: Aroclor 1254
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/27/91
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
CAS REGISTRY NO: 11097-69-1
FORMULA:
MOLECULAR WEIGHT:
COMPOUND CLASS: PCS
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:-
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 365-390
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS:
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: >141
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 0.57 mg/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Experimental carcinogen.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8081 or 8270 (Extraction- GC/ECD or GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analytical
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Multicomponent analyte
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
ECD determination is by pattern recognition, so all components must be
present at correct levels for positive ID. Pattern recognition is not
acceptable after a combustion device or many other control devices.
SOLUTIONS:
Use GC/MS.
-------
.; I .if I
RECORD NUMBER: 20
COMPOUND: Aroclor 1260
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/27/91
CAS REGISTRY NO: 11096-82-5
FORMULA:
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: Ave 372
COMPOUND CLASS: PCB
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT*, CELSIUS: 385-420
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS:
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: >141
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 0.080 mg/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Experimental carcinogen.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD':
SW-846 No. 8081 or 8270 (Extraction- GC/ECD or GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
' I ' ', ' ' '" ' ! : '- ' ' ''I: !
c . . i- . .. . ' .: " if. *;|
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analytical
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): multicomponent analyte
DESCRIPTION OJF PROBLEMS: '
ECD determination is by pattern recognition, so all components must be
present at the correct levels for positive ID. Pattern recognition is not
acceptable after a combustion device or many other control devices.
SOLUTIONS:
Use GC/MS.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
21
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/25/90
Arsenic and compounds, N.O.S.
Arsenic
CAS REGISTRY NO:
FORMULA: As
MOLECULAR WEIGHT:
COMPOUND CLASS: Metal
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9?
7440-38-2
74.92
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: ' .
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 613
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 817
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: INSOL
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Highly toxic cancer suspect agent
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 Draft Method No. 0012 (Multiple metals train)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 Draft Method No. 0012 (Acid digestion-Atomic spectroscopy)
VALIDATION STATUS:
For evaluation of this method, see "Measurement Methodology for Toxic '
Metals From Municipal Waste Combustors" Paper 5C-1 presented at
"International Conference on Municipal Waste Combustors", Hollywood, FL,
April, 1989.
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Toxic
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
"'''dill!1''1 I!1! IL.
1 .'1ft,. ft ' ''
, "i!1 tf, '
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND: Asbestos
22
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 08/25/89
CAS REGISTRY NO:
FORMULA:
MOLECULAR WEIGHT:
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? Y
1332-21-4
APPENDIX 9? N
CLEAN AIR ACT1 OF 1990? Y
IJDRI THERMAt STABILITY CLASS: - -
UDRI THERMAL' STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS:
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS:
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: INSOL
HEAT OF CQMBjfsTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD:
ANALYSIS METHOD:
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PPloBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Asbestos is a generic term for a series of thermally stable silicates. They
are not suitable compounds for test burns.
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND: Benzene
23
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 12/13/90
CAS REGISTRY NO: 71-43-2
FORMULA: C6-H6
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 78.11
COMPOUND CLASS: Aromatic hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 1
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 3
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 80.1
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 5.5
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: -11.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Sol
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 47
780.96
TOXICITY DATA: Cancer suspect agent; flammable liquid
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 or Draft No. 5041(Therm. Desor./P and Trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
The VOST method has been validated for.this compound (see "Validation
Studies of the Protocol for the VOST" JAPCA Vol. 37, No. 4. 38S-394, 1987)
(Also see "Recovery of POHCs and PICs from a VOST" EPA-600/7-86-025.)
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Blank
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Cancer suspect.
Blank problem with Tenax.
Benzene is a Common PIC. This may complicate interpretation of results,
and make it difficult to achieve acceptable DRE with low waste feed
concentrations.
SOLUTIONS:
Level of lab blank should be determined in advance. Calculations should be
made based on waste feed concentration to determine if blank level will be
a significant problem. Benzene should not be chosen as a POHC at very low
waste feed levels because it is likely to make the blank or PIC problems
significant.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
24
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/27/91
COMPOUND: Benzidine
[1,1'-Biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine
CAS REGISTRY NO: 92-87-5
FORMULA: C12-H12-N2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 184.24
COMPOUND CLASS: Aromatic amine
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 2
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 60
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 400
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 125
FLASH POINTj'" CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY,IN WATER: Sol 0.4g/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 12*
1560.90
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS) or HPLC/UV
VALIDATION STATUS:
For HPLC/UV analysis method,.see "POHC Analysis Methods for Hazardous Waste
Incineration" Vol. 1, Part 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037b).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Decomposition
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS: '
Cancer suspect. Compound decomposes and may not survive sampling
atmosphere.
SOLUTIONS:
Sampling and analysis method should be validated.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
25
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/25/90
Benzotrichloride
Trichloromethylbenzene
CAS REGISTRY NO: 98-07-7
FORMULA: C7-H5-(C1)3
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 195.47
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated aromatic
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 5
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 195
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 221
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -5
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 97.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Insol
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Highly toxic; cancer suspect agent
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Toxic
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS;
Cancer suspect agent
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
26
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/27/91
COMPOUND: Benzyl chloride
Benzene, (chloromethyl)-
CAS REGISTRY NO: 100-44-7
FORMULA: c7-H7-(ci)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 126.59
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated aromatic
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 4
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 127
BOILING POINT? CELSIUS: 179.3
MELTING POINT', CELSIUS: -39
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 73.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Insol 493 PPM
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 36
886.40
TOXICITY DATA: Cancer suspect agent; corrosive
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
For GC/FID and GC/MS analysis methods, see "POHC Analysis. Methods for
Hazardpiis Waste Incineration" Vol. 1, Part 1 (EPA-600/8-87-037a) .
;' ! '. . f"Sl " , ""'' ' :i - ' ' . .
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Hazardous
^ ' t\ x ' ;
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S)': Toxic
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Cancer suspect agent
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 27 DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/27/91
COMPOUND: Beryllium and compounds, N.O.S.
Beryllium
CAS REGISTRY NO: 7440-41-7
FORMULA: Be
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 9.01
COMPOUND CLASS: Metal
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: -
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 2970
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 1287
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: INSOL
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 140.2
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Highly toxic; cancer suspect agent
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 Draft Method No. 0012 (Multiple metals train) EPA 103,
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 Draft Method No. 0012 (Acid digestion-Atomic spectroscopy)
VALIDATION STATUS:
For method evaluation, see Steinsfaurger, S.L. et al "Measurement
Methodology for Toxic Metals from Municipal Waste Combustors". Paper 5C-1,
Conference on Municipal Waste Combustors, Hollywood, FL April, 1989.
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): ' Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Toxic-
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Cancer suspect ' . .
SOLUTIONS:
-------
I'll]!
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
28
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/27/91
Biphenyl
Qiphenyl
CAS REGISTRY NO: 92-52-4
FORMULA: C6-H5-C6-H5
MOLECULAR WEiGHT: 154.21
COMPOUND CLASS: Aromatic hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 255
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 70.5
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 113
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 7.5 mg/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Causes convulsions and paralysis.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
G'ENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S) :
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 105 DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/12/91
COMPOUND: Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether
Dichloroethyl ether
Ethane, 1,l-oxybis(2-chloro)-
CAS REGISTRY NO: 111-44-4
FORMULA: C4-H8-(C1)2-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 143.02
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated ether
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 4
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 183 " '
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 178
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -24.5
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 63.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Insol
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 597.8
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Cancer suspect agent; lachrymator
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Hazardous
Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): . Toxic
Reactive
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Cancer suspect
SOLUTIONS:
-------
i '.,'..' !!!ซ',V II,', III,!; US,
RECORD NUMBER:
29
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/27/91
COMPOUND: Bis(chloromethyl) ether
Methane, oxybis(chloro)-
' . ilk ,i I'1 " ' ' iiimii '''','' ' ! ' ' ''i1 ''i: "" . ' ' ! ,!'
CAS REGISTRt NO: 542-88-1
gORMULA: C2=H4-(Cl)2-6
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 114.96
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated ether
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? N CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UtiRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: ~5
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 222
'"""i ' ' , 'in.
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 104 (at 760 mm)
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -41.5
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: <19
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER:
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 ,(VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Thermal Desorption/Purge and Trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Decomposition
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Decomposes in water, and is unlikely to survive the stack gas atmosphere.
SOLUTIONS:
Avoid as POHC if possible. Compound recovery must be demonstrated.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
30
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/27/91
Bis(2-ethyIhexy1) phthalate
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-ethyIhexy1) ester
DEPH
CAS REGISTRY NO: 117-81-7
FORMULA: C24-H38-O4
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 390.62
COMPOUND CLASS: Aromatic ester
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 6 .
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 269
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 384
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -50
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 215
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: VERY SLIGHTLY
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 1
3290.00
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD:
SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
FOR HPLC/UV analysis method,-see "POHC Analysis Methods for Hazardous Waste
Incineration" Vol. 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037c).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
31
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/27/91
Bromdform
Tribromomethane
CAS REGISTRY NO: 75-25-2
FORMULA: C-H-Br3
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 252.75
COMPOUND CLASS: Halogenated hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
T ' ' i;; 1:: ....... 4*i . ' ..... ,- " T ' , (. '' . .''. '. '
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY 'CLASS : 5 '
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 203
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 149.5
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 8.3
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 800 ppm
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: May cause death or serious injury. Narcotic. Causes liver da:
.1 , * ^ i !:; . .... . ' -I1*!! i .....
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. Q010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
Stfซ846 No. 8270 ( Extract ion-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
Unknown
(,,.ti ' ...... . ; , i . '
W ' i1 ' '
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS :
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
32
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/27/91
Bromomethane
METHYL bROMIDE
CAS REGISTRY NO: 74-83-9
FORMULA: C-H3-Br
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 94.94
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9?
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 1
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
31
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 3.56
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -93.6
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Slightly sol 17,5g/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 91
328.40
TOXICITY DATA: Highly Toxic
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Thermal Desorption/Purge and Trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Breakthrough
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Boiling point is below limit of 30 C for optimum VOST performance. Thus,
breakthrough is possible if care is not taken.
SOLUTIONS:
Samples need to be anlyzed as soon after sampling as possible to prevent
losses. Laboratory validation should be done before field application.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
33
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 12/13/90
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
1 , 3 -Butadiene
inylethylene
CAS REGISTRY tlO: 106-99-0
FORMULA: C4-H6
MpLfiCULAR WEIGHT: 54.09
COMPOUND CLASS: Hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL "STABILITY .CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
'' ''',"', ซ |n ' j|i; ' ' " '" iini'1 '
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: -4.5
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -109
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: -76
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 735 mg/L
ii ,r
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Irritant. Can cause burns or frostbite.
SAMPLING METHOD: Tedlar bag ,
ANALYSIS METHOD:
GC/FID or GC/MS
VALIDATION STATUS:
Tne use ' of bags has been validated.
"? , : .,; '"ii ' .
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE (S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
127
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/12/91
1,3-Butadiene, 2-chloro-
Chloroprene
2-Chloro-l,3-butadiene
CAS REGISTRY NO: 126-99-8
FORMULA: (Cl)-C4-H5
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 88.54
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990?
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 2
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 69
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 59
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -130
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 21.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: SLIGHTLY
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Thermal desorption/Purge and trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
34
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/25/90
Cadmium and compounds, N.O.S.
Cadmium
CAS REGISTRY NO:
FORMULA: Cd
MOLECULAR WEIGHT:
COMPOUND CLASS: Metal
APPENDIX 8?Y APPENDIX 9?
7440-43-9
112.40
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMALSTABILITY CLASS: :
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 765
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 320.9
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: INSOL
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Cancer suspect agent
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 Draft Method No. 0012 (Multiple metals train)
'.I ,' "Is ' ' ' :. A . ' ; ' , .'I 'ป>
ANALYSIS METJOD?
SW-846 Draft Method No. 0012 (Acid digestion-Atomic Spectroscopy)
VALIDATION STATUS:
for evaluation of this method, see "Measurement Methodology for Toxic
Metals from Municipal Waste Combustors" Paper 5C-1 presented at
"International Conference on Municipal Waste Combustors", Hollywood, FL,
April, 1989.
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Toxic
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Cancer suspect
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
35
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/27/91
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
Calcium cyanamide
Calcium carbimide
Nitrolime
CAS REGISTRY NO: 156-62-7
FORMULA: C-C3-N2-H2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 80.11
COMPOUND CLASS: Salt
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS :
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS:
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 1340
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Sol.
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: High toxicity via oral and inhalation routes.
SAMPLING METHOD:
ANALYSIS METHOD:
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS :
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
36
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/27/91
Caprolactam
Cyclohexanoneisooxime
CAS REGISTRY NO: 105-60-2
FORMULA: C6-H11-N-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 113.16
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS :
UDRI THERMALSTABILITY RANKING:
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 137
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 71
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: SOL
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Lung irritant. Can cause death if inhaled.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. '0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
; i . ', " Hi,,,
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
37
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/27/91
Carbamic acid, methyl-, 1-naphthyl ester
Carbaryl
Sevin
CAS REGISTRY NO: 63-25-2
FORMULA: C12-H11-N-02
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 201.24
COMPOUND CLASS: Carbamate
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: DECOMP
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 145
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 40 mg/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW.846 No., 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8318 (HPLC)
VALIDATION STATUS: -
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
,!'lil!i|< i
COMPOUND:
38
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/28/91
Carbon disulfide
Carbon bisulfide
CAS REGISTRY NO:
FORMULA: C-S2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT:
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? Y
75-15-0
76.14
APPENDIX 9?
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMALSTABILITY-CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 46.3
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -110.8
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: -30.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: SOL2,200 PPM
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 82
403.00
TOXICITY DATA: Toxic; flammable liquid.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Thermal Desorption/Purge and Trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
No validated sampling and analysis method identified.
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S)r Decomposition
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Decomposes on standing for a long time. Acute fire and explosion hazard,
can be ignited by hot steam pipes.
SOLUTIONS:
Do not let stand for any length of time.
Avoid hot steam pipes.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
39
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 12/13/90
Carbonyl sulfide
Carbon oxysulfide
CAS REGISTRY NO:
FORMULA: C-O-S
MOLECULAR WEIGHT:
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? N
463-58-1
60.07
APPENDIX 9?
N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
" UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: -
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: -50
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -138
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 1000 mL/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 130.5
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: High toxicity via inhalation. Narcotic. Can cause death.
SAMPLING METHOD:
ANALYSIS METHOD:
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
''
RECORD NUMBER:
' ' ; . .
COMPOUND:
40
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 12/17/90
AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
Catecho1
i,2-dihydroxybenzene
CAS REGISTRY NO: 120-80-9
FORMULA: C6-H6-02
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: ilO.ll
COMPOUND CLASS: Phenol
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: .
UDRl THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 245
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 105
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 137
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 451 g/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Moderate toxicity via oral and de.rmal exposure.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846, Method 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846, Method 8270 (extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Water soluble
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
Careful control of pH during extraction of condensate is essential for
complete recovery. Backup extraction with tert-butyl methyl ether may be
needed.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
41
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/28/91
Chloramben
3-Amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid
Amiben
CAS REGISTRY NO: 133-90-4
FORMULA: C7-H5-(C1)2-N-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 206.00
COMPOUND CLASS: Herbicide
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS:
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 200.5
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 700 mg/kg at 25
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:'
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Moderate irritant via oral route. Decomposition > Toxic fumes,
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846, No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
HPLC
VALIDATION STATUS:
Sampling method is not validated for this compound.
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Stability
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Stability during sampling, shipping and recovery from components is a
potential problem which, needs to be checked.
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
42
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/28/91
COMPOUND: Chlordane (alpha and gamma isomers)
Chlordane
CAS REGISTRY NO: 57-74-9
FORMULA: C10-H6-(C1)8
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 409.80
COMPOUND CLASPS: Organochlorine pesticide
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990?
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 5
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 221
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 175
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 105
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 56
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: INSOL
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 901.6
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Moderately irritating to skin.
SAMPLING METHOD: sw-846 NO. 0010 (MMS)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
'!ป"
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Reactive
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Loses its chlorine in presence of alkaline reagents.
SOLUTIONS:
Should not be formulated with any solvent, carrier, diluent or emulsifier,
having alkaline reagents.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND: Chlorine
43
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/28/91
CAS REGISTRY NO: 7782-50-5
FORMULA: (Cl)2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 70.91
COMPOUND CLASS: Halogen
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: -34
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -101
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 14.6g/L @ O
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD:
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
SW-846 Draft Method No. 0050 or 0051 (NaOH Impinger)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW^846 Draft Method No. 9057 (Ion Chromatography)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S)
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 44
COMPOUND: Chloroacetic acid
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/28/91
CAS REGISTRY NO: 79-11-8
FORMULA: C2-H3-O2-(C1)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 94.50 '
COMPOUND CLASS: Acid
APPENDIX 8?N APPENDIX 9? N CLEAN AIR ACT? OF 1990? Y
tlDRI THERMAL1 STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMALSTABILITY RANKING:
. ' ' 'N! illll!ป. . '
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 189
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 50-63
FLASH POINT,CELSIUS: 126.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: SOL
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Skin irritant.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846, No. 0010 (MM5)
!;"' ' ; if! ll( .I'.,. . "' -, ' V1 s
ANALYSIS METHOD:,
SW-846, No. 8270 after derivatization (Extraction HPLC/UV or GCMS
i i "III!1 . . " i' ป '' . ,...,' 'W * ,i , ..;
.'' *I ...' - - ' ' , . ' r ..'
VALIDATION STATUS:
ii, . lilt ' . ,. ' . . . j '.
tffetjhod 0010 has not been validated for this compound.
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
Analyical
SPECIFICPROBLEM TYPE(S): Recovery
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Recovery may be a problem because of its highly polar nature.
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 45 DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/28/91
COMPOUND: 2-Chloroacetophenone
Phenacylchloride
CAS REGISTRY NO: 532-27-4
FORMULA: C8-H7-O-(C1)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 154.6
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 244
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 54-56
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 118
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Insoluble
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 802.4
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Powerful irritant of skin.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
46
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY:
12/28/90
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
Chlorobenzene
Benzene, chloro-
CAS REGISTRY NO: 108-90-7
FORMULA: C6-H5-(C1)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 112.56
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated aromatic
APPENDIX 8? I?' '.'/' APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 1
UDRI THERMALSTABILITY RANKING: 19
> .' I ' '"IIS " ' ,' ' ' ' ;, i :. " ,.'
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 132
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -45.6
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 28.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Insol
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 744.00
COMBUSTION RANKING: 50
TOXICITY DATA: Flammable liquid
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST), SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 NO. 5040, SW-846 No. 8270
VALIDATION STATUS:
Recovery studies have shown that chlorobenzene can be recovered
quantitatively from the VOST train. See "Development of the VOST for use
in Determining Incinerator Efficiency", Hazardous and Industrial Waste:
Fourth Symposium, ASTM STP 386, 335-343, 1986. Also see EPA-600/7-86-025.
Chlorobenzene has also been validated with the MM5 method. See "An
Evaluation of the Semi-VOST Method" JAPCA 37, 1067-1074 (1987) and
"Laboratory and Field Evaluation of the Semi-VOST Method"
(EPA-600/4-85-075a).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S) : Recovery
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Boiling point is above limit of 100 C for optimum VOST performance.
However, validation studies have demonstrated that recovery is good for
this compound if the precautions listed below are followed.
Compound may be lost during concentration of extract.
SOLUTIONS:
It is necessary to keep the front part of the VOST train above the boiling
point of the compound during sample collection. The recommended
feemperature is 140 C. Also for 8270, the compound can be lost during the -
concentration step. If sample loss is encountered, concentration to not <5
mL (rather then 1 mL) may correct the problem. Labelled recovery spikes are
important to evaluate loss.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
47
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: O3/28/91
Chlorobenzilate
Benzeneacetic acid
CAS REGISTRY NO: 510-15-6
FORMULA: C16-H14-(C1)2-O3
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 325.20
COMPOUND CLASS: Aromatic ester
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9?
N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 5
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 204
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 147
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 36-37.3
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Slightly sol in water
lOmg/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS: .
For GC/FID and GC/MS analysis methods, . see "POHC Analysis Methods for
Hazardous Waste Incineration" Vol. 1, Part 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037b) .
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS :
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
48
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/28/91
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990?
COMPOUND: i-Chloro-2,3-epoxypropane
Epichlorohydrin
CAS REGISTRY NO: 106-89-8
FORMULA: C3-H5-(C1)-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 92.53
COMPOUND CLASS: Epoxide
APPENDIX 8?Y APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 116.5
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -48
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 40.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 60 g/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 423.00
COMBUSTION RANKING: 77
TOXICITY DATA: Highly cancer suspect agent.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST), SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD: '
SW-846 Nq. 5040, SW-846 No. 8270
VALIDATION STATUS:
1,1 1 ' 'if" i, i ,',,'' _
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Toxic
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
'dancer suspect
Compound may be reactive.
SOLUTIONS: '''"
Compound recovery should be checked,
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
49
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY:
09/25/90
Chloroform
Trichloromethane
CAS REGISTRY NO: 67-66-3
FORMULA: C-H-(Cl)3
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 119.38
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y. CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990?
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: "5
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 195
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 61.7
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -63.5
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Slightly sol
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 121
89.20
TOXICITY DATA: Cancer suspect agent
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Thermal Desorption/Purge and Trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
The VOST method has been validated for this compound (see "Validation
Studies of the Protocol for the VOST", JAPCA Vol. 37, No. 4, 388-394,
1987). (Also see "Recovery of POHCs and PICs from a VOST",
EPA-600/7-86-025.)
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S)
Analysis
Hazardous
Interference
Toxic
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Cancer suspect agent.
Has been shown to have a 20% positive bias with VOST method.
Chloroform is a common PIC. Therefore, it would be difficult to achieve
acceptable ORE in feed streams of low concentrations.
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
50
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/28/91
Chloromethane
Methyl chloride
CAS REGISTRY NO: 74-87-3
FORMULA: c-H3-(ci)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 50.49
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990?
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 1
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: -23.7
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -97.73
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 3030 mL/L
29
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
148.4
TOXICITY DATA: Flammable liquid
SAMPLING METHOD: Sampling bags or SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
GC or SW-846No. 5040 (Thermal Desorption/Purge and Trap-GC/MS)
";- : , '. ' J ' ' " ,. : ' -. ' ,
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Breakthrough
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Sensitive to moisture
Slightly soluble in water.
Boiling point is below limit of 30 C for optimum VOST performance.
breakthrough is possible if care is not taken.
Thus,
SOLUTIONS:
Best to use sampling bags for this compound, although dealing with a
compound with a boiling point this low is difficult by any method. VOST
might work with low sample volumes and great care. QC must be very thorough
in either case. Samples should be analyzed with a minimun storage time, in
no case longer then a week.
j ;:
Jilt *t
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
51
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY:
08/25/89
Chloromethyl methyl ether
Methane, chloromethoxy-
CAS REGISTRY NO: 107-30-2
FORMULA: C2-H5-(C1)-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 80.52
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated ether
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 5
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 218
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS:
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS:
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: -
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER:
59.15
-103.5
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Carcinogen; flammable liquid.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Thermal Desorption/Purge and Trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Hazardous
Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Toxic
Decomposition
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Cancer suspect
SOLUTIONS:
S'l
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
52
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/28/91
Chromium and compounds, N.O.S.
Chromium
CAS REGISTRY NO:
FORMULA: Cr
MOLECULAR WEIGHT:
COMPOUND CLASS: Metal
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9?
7440-47-3
51.90
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT", CELSIUS: 2642
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 1857
FLASH POINT, &ELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: INSOL
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RACKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Irritant
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 Draft Method No. 0012 (Multiple metals train)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 Draft Method No. 0012 (Acid digestion-Atomic spectroscopy)
. \IALJDATION STATUS : ' '' ' ' " '' ' . " ' "' " l!
for method validation, see "Measurement Methodology for Toxic Metals from
Municipal Waste combustors" Paper 5C-1, International
Conference on Municipal Waste Combustors, Hollywood, FL 1989.
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
D'raft Method 0012 yields total chromium values.
SOLUTIONS:
for hexavalent chromium, use SW-846 Draft Method No. 0013.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND: Cobalt
53
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/28/91
CAS REGISTRY NO:
FORMULA: Co
MOLECULAR WEIGHT:
COMPOUND CLASS: Metal
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9?
7440-48-4
58.90
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS.:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 3100
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 1493
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: INSOL
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Cancer suspect agent; irritant
SAMPLING METHOD:
ANALYSIS METHOD:
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Toxic
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Cancer suspect agent
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 54
COMPOUND: Coke Oven Emissions
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/27/90
CAS REGISTRY NO:
FORMULA:
MOLECULAR WEIGHT:
COMPOWD CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? N
APPENDIX 9? N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: '
UDRI THERMAf STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS:
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS:
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER:
. ' Jiii
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD:
ANALYSIS METHOD:
'
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE (S.)
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
55
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/25/90
m-Cresol
3-methyl phenol
CAS REGISTRY NO: 108-39-4
FORMULA: C-H3-C6-H4-0-H
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 108.14
COMPOUND CLASS: Phenol
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9?
N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 3
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 103
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 202
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 11.5
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 86.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Soluble in 40 parts water, in solns of alkali hydroxides
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 39
880.50
TOXICITY DATA: Highly toxic
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
For GC/FID and GC/MS analysis methods, see "POHC Analysis Methods for
Hazardous Waste Incineration" Vol. 1, Part 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037b).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
Hazardous
Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Incompatibility
Toxic
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents; it can react exothermically with
strong bases, with fuming sulfuric acid (oleum),'nitric acid, and
chlorosulfonic acid. Thermal oxidative degradations produce toxic vapors.
SOLUTIONS:
Store in a cool place away from oxidizing agents and sources of ignition.
Avoid contact with aluminum, copper, and brass alloys.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
56
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/25/90
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
o-Cresol
2-Methyl phenol
REGISTRY |fO: 95-48-7
FORMULA: C-H3-C6-H4-6-H
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 108.14
COMPOUND CLASS: Phenol
APPENDIX 8? Y - APPENDIX 9? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 3
UDRI THERMAL; STABILITY RANKING: 104
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 191.5
MELTING POINT", CELSIUS: 30
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 82.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Soluble in 40 parts water; solns fixed alkali hydroxic
HEAT OF COMBUSTiON, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 38
882.60
TOXICITY DATA: Highly toxic
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
For GC/FID and GC/MS analysis methods, see "POHC Analysis Methods for
Hazardous Waste Incineration" Vol. 1, Part 2 (EPA-600-8-87-037b).
::'" ! . , 'ill "i1' "''I" . fi*:;, i. ''": 'i ' , ' . ; ,iii ' i, , . ,'Jl :' ' ;''ii , 'ป!,:! ', !"
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Hazardous
\ i ',; Hazardous , n, , ,
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Incompatibility "
, ' ';|l-| , ' Toxic , . ' ' '_
j1! . " ; .:
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents; it can react exothermally with
strong bases, with fuming sulfuric acid-(oleum), nitric acid, and
chlorosulfonic acid. Thermal oxidative degradations produce toxic vapors.
SOLUTIONS:
Store in a cool place away from oxidizing agents and stources of ignition.
Avoid contact with aluminum^ copper, and brass alloys.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
57
.DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/25/90
p-Cresol
4-Methyl phenol
CAS REGISTRY NO: 106-44-5
FORMULA: C-H3-C6-H4-O-H
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 108.14
COMPOUND CLASS: Phenol
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 3
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 104
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 202
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 33
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 86.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Slightly sol
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 37
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
883.99
TOXICITY DATA: Highly toxic
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
For GC/FID and GC/MS analysis methods, see "POHC Analysis Methods for
Hazardous Waste Incineration" Vol. 1, Part 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037b).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Hazardous
Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S]
Incompatibility
Toxic
DESCRIPTION OF "PROBLEMS:
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents; it can react exothermically with
strong bases,, with fuming sulfuric acid (oleum), nitric acid, and
chlorosulfonic acid. Thermal oxidative degradations produce toxic vapors.
SOLUTIONS:
Store in a cool place away from oxidizing agents and sources of ignition.
Avoid contact with aluminum, copper, and brass alloys.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
58
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/28/91
Cresols/ Cresylic acid
See O,M or P Cresol
CAS REGISTRY NO: 131-97-73
FORMULA: C7-H8-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 108.1
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 191
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 10.9-35.5
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 81.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER:
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: QQO
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Skin, eye irritant. Moderate toxicity. Can cause severe burn|
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
GC/MS or HPLC
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
This is a mixture of isomers.
: ' ' -''I ' '..
SOLUTIONS: "
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
59
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY:
03/28/91
COMPOUND:
Cumene
Isopropyl benzene
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990?
CAS REGISTRY NO: 98-82-8
FORMULA: C9-H12
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 120.20
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: '
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 153
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -96
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 46.0
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 50 mg/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 1247
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Potent narcotic. CNS depressant. Moderate Toxicity.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS :
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
60
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 08/25/89
COMPOUND: Cyanides (soluble salts and complexes), N.O.S.
Cyanides
djAS REGISTRY NO: 57-12-5
FORMULA: CN "" ' ' '
ibLECULAR WEIGHT: 26.02
COMPOUND CLASS: Inorganic salt
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
IOILING POINT, CELSIUS:
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS:
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER:
': . ': s, ' " '!' ',!
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: Collection with filter and impinger
ANALYSIS METHOD:
Extraction with 0.1N NaOH, ion specific electrode
VALIDATION STATUS:
;. :::f: . r _r.. ^ . - ' ;: ^ ,
GENERAL PROBI^EM TYPE('S) : Analysis
'.: . Hazard
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Interference
"' Toxic
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Sulfide ion irreversibly poisons the cyanide ion specific electrode.
,'i: ' ' i" ' ' ' ;> ..' ' l| . .1 , ' ' nil
SOLUTIONS:
tiilfide is removed by the addition of a small amount of powdered cadmium
irbonate tothe pH 11-13 range.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
61
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/28/91
COMPOUND: 4-Cyclohexene-l,2-dicarboximide, N-(trichloromethyl) thio-
Cap-tan
CAS REGISTRY NO: 133-06-2
FORMULA: C9-H8-(C1)3-N-O2-S
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 300.59
COMPOUND CLASS: Halogenated Hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? N CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 172.5
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS:
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Insol. 3.3 mg/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING;
TOXICITY DATA: Low oral toxicity.
SAMPLING METHOD:
ANALYSIS METHOD:
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
62
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 03/28/91
|
COMPOUND: DDE
Benzene, l,l'-(dichloroethenylidene)bis-4-chloro-
i ,. , ijjj!1; i ,'",
CAS REGISTRY NO: 72-55-9
FORMULA: C14-H8-(C1)4
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 318.03
COMPOUND CLASS: Organochlorine pesticide
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
U.DRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 2
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 38
BOILING POINf, CELSIUS:
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 89
FlASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 0.010 PPM
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTI.ON RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-8.46 No. 0010 (MM5) .
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM' TYPE(S)
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
220
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/12/91
2,4-Diaminotoluene
2,4- Toluene diamine
CAS REGISTRY NO: 95-80-7
FORMULA: C7-H10-N2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 122.17
COMPOUND CLASS: Aromatic amine
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9?
UDRl'THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 2
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
69
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 283
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 97
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: SOL
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Cancer suspect agent; toxic
SAMPLING METHOD:
ANALYSIS METHOD:
VALIDATION STATUS:
For GC/FID and GC/MS analysis methods, see "POHC Analysis Methods for
Hazardous Waste Incineration" Vol. 1, Part 1 (EPA-600/3-87-037a).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Toxic
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Cancer suspect agent
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 63
COMPOUND: Diazomethane
CAS REGISTRY NO: 334-88-3
FORMULA: ' 'C-S5-H2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 42-04
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9?
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/28/90
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS:
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS:
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SILUBILITY, IN WATER:
-23
-145.
N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
H'-AT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Powerful allergen. Highly toxic.
SAMPLING METHOD:
ANALYSIS METHOD:
,!' 'I i 'i1
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE (-S) : Sampling
Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Reactive
}' , Explosive
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Explosion hazard by heat or shock. Highly reactive material,
- T ' ' ,1 . ; ' " ' ' ' ,, - ,;/ ' ".!.
' ?! , , . . '" ',
SOLUTIONS:
J ' , ' ? ' .":
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 64
COMPOUND: Dibenzofuran
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/09/91
CAS REGISTRY NO: 132-64-9
FORMULA: C12-H8-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 168.20
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 154
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 84
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 10 PPM
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
I/?
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
235
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/12/91
1,2-Dibromoethane
Ethylene dibromide
EDB
CAS REGISTRYNO: 106-93-4
ibHMULA: C2-H4'-Br2
MOLECULAR WE|GHT: 187,87
COMPOUND CLASS: Brominated hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
"Si : ,: '' v.ii i '; . ' . . ' ' ' ' ".
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 5
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 199 .
MOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 131 .
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 9.79
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: .10
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Sol in about 250 parts of water.
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 242.2
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Carcinogen
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST), SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040, SW-846 No. 8270
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Recovery
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Cancer suspect agent
Bo?-lin
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
65
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/09/91
1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane
Propane, l,2-dibromo-3-chloro
Nemagon
CAS REGISTRY NO: 96-12-8
FORMULA: C3-H5-Br2-(Cl)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 236.35
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 5
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 214
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 196
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 5
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Slightly sol
HEAT-OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Carcinogen
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS).
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM'TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
66
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/09/91
CLEAN AIR ACT? OF 1990? Y
COMPOUND: pi-n-butyl phthalate
Dibutyl phthalate
CAS REGISTRY NO: 84-74-2
FORMULA: ci6-H22-d4
MOLECULAR MIGHT: 278.38
COMPOUND CLASS: Aliphatic ester
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y
UDRI THERMALSTABILITY CLASS: 6 '
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 261
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 340
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -35
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 157
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 11 MG/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 2055.00
COMBUSTION RANKING: 9
,; ' !.' . ; ' . , ''. ' . ; lii ,' , ' ' V,1 . ,
TOXICITYDAT4: Irritant
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846NO. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
For GC/FID, GC/MS, and HPLC/UV analysis methods, see "POHC Analysis Methods
for Hazardous Waste Incineration" Vol. 1, Part 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037b) and
Vpl 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037C).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
'.. '" }m ' , ' l;l Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
Blank
Interference
DESCRIPTION ",QF PROBLEMS,:" , , ., ' .. '. ' ,. " ..... ' ....... \.
^fe^3^?63 a>~ฃe often used as plasticizers and are common lab contaminants.
If very low levels are needed to achieve ORE, it may be necessary to choose
a"h alternate POHC.
SOLUTIONS: .
Determine normal lab blanks well in advance of testing. Compare level of
blanks with levels of concern for samples. It may be necessary to seek a
laboratory with lower blank levels or to select a different POHC.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
67
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY:
09/25/90
p-Dichlorobenzene
Benzene, 1,4-dichloro-
CAS REGISTRY NO: 106-46-7
FORMULA: C6-H4-(C1)2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 147.00
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated aromatic
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 1
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
21
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 174
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 53.5
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 78.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Practically insol
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Toxic; irritant
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
May be lost in sample concentration step.
Sublimes at ordinary temperatures.
SOLUTIONS:
Labelled recovery spikes are important. Do not allow to go dryness,
-------
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/09/91
.RECORD NUMBER: 68
'"it: ' '. " 'ป :' ' ' ' .ซ':'"-
COMPOUND: 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine
ฃl,l'-Biphenyl-4,4'-diamine, 3,3'-dichloro-
ซl;3'l ' : ' 5
CAS REGISTRYNO: 91-94-1
FORMULA: C12-H10-(C1)2-N2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 253.14
COMPOUND C'LASS: Aromatic amine
APPENDIX 8? 1 APPENDIX 9? Y
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UE>RI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 2
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
67
BOILING POINT;; CELSIUS: 402
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 132
FLASHPOINT,CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Almost insol
HfiAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
i '1*1 ป ' * ' i ,' " ,
TOXICITY DATA: Carcinogen
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
<ซ I'lUIII
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS) or HPLC/UV.
'":! ' :.il . ' '..:'. , ;
VALIDATION STATUS:
ForHPLC/UV analysis method, see "POHC Analysis Methods for Hazardous
Incineration" Vol. 1, Part 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037b).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): ,
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Waste
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
251
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY:
09/12/91
1,2-Dichloroethane
Ethylene dichloride
CAS REGISTRY NO: 107-06-2
FORMULA: C2-H4-(C1)2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 98.96
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990?
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 4
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 131
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 83
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -35.36
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 13.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 8.7 g/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 96
297.00
TOXICITY DATA: Cancer suspect agent
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Thermal Desorption/Purge and Trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
Recoveries from the VOST have been validated. See "Development of the VOST
.for_use in Determining Incinerator Efficiency", Hazardous and Industrial
Solid Waste Testing: Fourth Symposium, ASTM STP 886, pp. 335-343, (1986).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER
COMPOUND:
69
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/09/91
1,1-Dichloroethylene
Ethane, 1,1-dichloro-
Vinylidene chloride
CAS REGISTRY NO: 75-35-4
FORMULA: C2-H2-(C1)2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 96.94
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990?
4
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMALSTABILITY RANKING:
ili'jiii ''.; . , : '
"Sis ' " iWlil i'lr . '.. i .'. f " .
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 31.7 (at 760 mm)
MELTING PpINf, CELSIUS: -122.1
FLASHPOINT, CELSIUS: -16
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: INSOL 2.5 G/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 102
262.00
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
'''Is ! ,' M ' ' ;'"; '' . , ,! ' i;1'
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Thermal Desorption/Purge and Trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
70
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY:
08/25/89
Dichloromethane
Methylene chloride
CAS REGISTRY NO: 75-09-2
FORMULA: CH2-(C1)2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 84,93
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF -1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 2 -
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 65
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 40
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -95.1
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Slightly sol
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 114
145.00
TOXICITY DATA: Narcotic in high concentration
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Thermal Desorption/Purge and Trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Hazardous
Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Toxic
Interference
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Toxic hazards are increased by the presence of
alcohol and/or carbon monoxide and by heavy labor
and smoking.
Dichlororaethane is a common laboratory air contaminant.
SOLUTIONS:
Normal blank levels need to be ascertained well before testing. If blank
levels are high enough to cause serious interference in analysis and
unacceptable.increases in quantitation limits, it may be necessary to
carry out analysis in a special organic-free laboratory. This problem is
most serious when waste feed concentration of dichloromethane are low.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
259
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/12/91
COMPOUND: 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
;; 2,4-D
1 , " ' ;. , ' , >.
CAS REGISTRY NO: 94-75-7
FORMULA: C8-H6-(CL)2-O3
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: "221.04
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorphenoxy herbicide
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: . 5 . '
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 211
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 160
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 140
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 88
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 540 PPM
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 95.1
COMBUSTION RANKING: '
TOXICITY QATA: Irritant:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS) or Extraction, HPLC/UV
VALIDATION STATUS:
For HPLC/UV analysis method, see "POHC Analysis Methods for Hazardous Waste
Incineration"Vol. 1, Part 1 (EPA-600/8-87-037a).
}!' ' : ';$ '. ,; ' . ' , ' " J"L :'.
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
71
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/09/91
COMPOUND: 1,2-Dichloropropane
Propylene Dichloride
CAS REGISTRY NO: 78-87-5
FORMULA: C3-H6-(C1)2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 112.99
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
*
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 4
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 179
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 9ง"
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -100 '
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 21.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Slightly soluble
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 74
450.10
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: "SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Thermal Desorption/Purge and Trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S) :
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS :
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
72
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/09/91
1,3-Dichloropropene
1-Propene, 1,3-dichloro-
11 ' " ' !"'ป . ".., ' 1' ; ; ' ": :' ''<
CAS REGISTRY NO: 542-75-6
FORMULA: C3-H4-(Cl)2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 110.97
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8?Y APPENDIX 9? N CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
in ,n ^ i, i i
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: .
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 108
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: < -50
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 25
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 0.15%
, '; ' '" ..!!' ' ' , ', '' , i ]
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 432.8
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
* ' ' ' ' '
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST), SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040, SW-846 No. 8270
"'i I. lit11 a ' ' ' : .'
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
If Method 0030 is used, the compound recovery should foe checked.
-------
KECORD NUMBER;
73
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/09/91
COMPOUND: Dichlorvos
Dichlorovinyldimethylphosphate
DDVP
CAS REGISTRY NO: 62-73-7
FORMULA: C4-H7-O4-(C1)2-P
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 221.00
COMPOUND .CLASS: Organophosphate pesticide
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: ' '
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 120 at 14 mm
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS:
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: >79
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 1%
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Can be absorbed through skin. Can cause death if taken orally.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8141
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
.SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Breakthrough
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
Wear gloves and respirator.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
74
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/28/90
COMPOUND: edithanolamine
Iciit-hydroxyethyl) amine
CAS REGISTRY NO: 111-42-2
FORMULA: C4-H11-62-N
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 105.14
COMPOUND CLASS: Amine base
APPENDIX'S? N APPENDIX 9? N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 269
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 28.5
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 137
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 954 g/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Moderate toxicity via oral route.
SAMPLING METHOD:
ANALYSIS METHOD:
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
, j ,:J ' ', : "
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
'ill i! *
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
75
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/09/91
,N-Diethyl Aniline
N-phenyldiethylamine
Dimethyl Aniline
CAS REGISTRY NO: 91-66-7
FORMULA: C10-H15-N.
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 149.23
COMPOUND CLASS: Amine Base
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 216
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -38
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 85
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 14.4 g/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Moderate toxicity by oral route.
SAMPLING METHOD:
ANALYSIS METHOD:
HPLC
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
76
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/09/91
COMPOUND: Diethyl sulfate
Ethyl sulfate
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
%" . - ; Jil
CAS REGISTRYNO: 64-67-5
FORMULA: .O4-H10-O4-S
IbLECULAR WEIGHT: 154.18
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: .' -
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: ' 208
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -24
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 220
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 7 G/L
"*,i! ' i , ,;':li ' ' ' ,.' .' '!
BEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION R|NKING: '
' , '"J ' " '' , ; T ' ''
TOXICITY DATA: Experimental carcinogen. Moderate to high toxicity.
SAMPLING METHOD:
'" '{ ' , ,,
ANALYSIS METHOD:
VALIDATION STATUS:
Uvalidated.
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
This compound is very reactive with chloride bases.
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
77
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/09/91
COMPOUND: 3,3'-Dimethoxybenz idine
[1,1'-Biphenyl3-4,4'-diamine, 3,3'-dimethyl-
CAS REGISTRY NO: 119-90-4
FORMULA: C14-H16-N2-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 244.32
COMPOUND CLASS: Amine
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY.CLASS: 5
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 250
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS:
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 137
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 206
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Practically'insol
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Cancer suspect agent
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS or HPLC/UV).
VALIDATION STATUS:
For HPLC/UV analysis method, see "POHC Analysis Methods for Hazardous Waste
Incineration" Vol. 1, Part 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037b).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
78
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/09/91
COMPOUND: 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine
1,1'-Biphenyl-4,4'-diamine, 3,3'-dimethyl-
CAS REGISTRY NO: 119-93-7
FORMULA: C14-H16-N2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 212.32
COMPOUND CLASS: Amine
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UMl THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 3
UDRI THERMALSTABILITY RANKING: ' 78
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 300
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 131
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: SLIGHTLY
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 964.3
COMBUSTION RANKING:
ft ! :','!!" ' i ' i ,.'''
foxICITY DAT,|.:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS or HPLC/UV),
VALIDATION STATUS:
For HPLC/UV analysis method, see "POHC Analysis Methods for Hazardous
incineration" Vol. 1, Part 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037b).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS: '
Waste
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 79 DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/25/90
COMPOUND: Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride
Carbamic chloride, dimethyl-
CAS REGISTRY NO: 79-44-7
FORMULA: C3-H6-(Cl)-N-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: ' . 107.55
COMPOUND CLASS: Carbamate
APPENDIX- 8? Y APPENDIX 9? N CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 4
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 175
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 167 (at 775 mm)
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -33
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER:
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Cancer suspect agent
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Decomposition
Recovery
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Decomposes in w? -.er, and unlikely to survive the stack gas atmosphere.
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 80
COMPOUND: Dimethyl formamide
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 12/27/90
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
CAS REGISTRY NO: 68-12-2
FORMULA: C3-H7-0-N
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 73.10
COMPOUND CLASS: Amide
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI- THERMAL STABILITY'CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 153
MELTING PpINf, CELSIUS: -61
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 57.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Soluble
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TbXICitY DATA: High inhalation hazard. An experimental mutagen.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. OQ10 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
Method 0010 is not validated for this compound.
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Water solubility may be a.problem.
SOLUTIONS:
~, it
,:U , L - , IlliU li, "" iiii,!, .,:>.>" , in.!!.!! .;i:
'..4 t-iit :-:i ' " , ['
, iii'iv!"!1:! iilF "G .: 'I
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
81
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/09/91
1,1-Dimethylhydrazine
Hydraz ine, 1,l-dimethyl-
CAS REGISTRY NO: 57-14-7
FORMULA: C2-H8-N2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 60.12
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 5
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 216
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 63 (at 752 mm)
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -55
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: -15
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Very sol
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 72"
473.00
TOXICITY DATA: Corrosive to skin
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Thermal Desorption/Purge and Trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Water soluble
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Very soluble in water, and therefore is likely to be present in the
condensate trap of.the samplingtrain. This compound is also unstable.
SOLUTIONS:
The extract from the condensate liquid should be analyzed by GC/MS. The
analysis should be validated.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
82
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/09/91
Dimethyl phthalate
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dimethyl ester
CAS REGISTRY NO: 131-11-33
FORMULA: ClO-HlO-04
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 194.19
COMPOUND CLASS: Aliphatic ester
AlปPEND"iX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y
- UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 3
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:. 92
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 283.8
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 1
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 146
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Practically insol
4.3 G/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 27
119.70
TOXICITY DATA: Irritant
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 82JO (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
For GC/FID and GC/MS analysis methods, see "POHC Analysis Methods for
Hazardous Waste Incineration" Vol. 1, Part 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037b).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analysis
' '$ '' ';
SPECIFIC PROBLEM ,TYPE(S) : Blank
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Phthalates are common laboratory contaminants. If low levels are needed to
achieve the desired DRE, it may be necessary to choose an alternate POHC.
.. '' :!l'iii : '" ' '" ' i! . ' ' -'" ' ' .'' '. liif !' 1
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
83
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/09/91
Dimethyl sulfate
Sulfuric acid, dimethyl ester
CAS REGISTRY NO: 77-78-1
FORMULA: C2-H6-O4-S
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 126.13
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: ,188 DECOMP
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -27
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 83
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 2.8 G/L
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 667.38
COMBUSTION RANKING: 59
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
For GC/FID and GC/MS analysis methods, see "POHC Analysis Methods for
Hazardous Waste Incineration" Vol. 1, Part 1 (EPA-600/8-87-037a) .
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Decompostion
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Decomposes at 188 degrees centigrade.
Solidifies at -27 degrees centigrade.
SOLUTIONS :
Do not heat above 187 degrees centigrade
Do not melt.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
84
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/09/91
4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol (and salts)
ฃ f6-Dinitro-o-cresol
CAS REGISTRYNO: 2312-76-7
FORMULA: C7-H6-N2-O5
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 220.13
COMPOUND CL&SS: Phenol
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9?
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 312
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 87.5
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 0.013% (AS SALTS-SOL)
';- ' ' * | ''", ' : '. . " " :'
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 862.9
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TQXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8|70' (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
J| 1i" ... ,; ' , ' ' ' ' "!'
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
85
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/09/91
2,4-Dinitrophenol
Phenol, 2,4-dinitro-
CAS REGISTRY NO: 51-28-5
FORMULA: C6-H4-N2-O5
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 184.11
COMPOUND CLASS: Phenol
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 4
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 183
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS:
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 107
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Very sparingly soluble in cold water 5.6 G/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 62
645.00
TOXICITY DATA: Highly toxic; flammable solid
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS or HPLC/UV).
VALIDATION STATUS:
For HPLC/UV analysis method, see "POHC Analysis Methods for Hazardous Waste
Incineration" Vol. 1, Part 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037b).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
Q '^
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
86
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY:
f , ; 'it!'
04/09/91
COMPOUND: 2,4-Dinitrotoluene
Benzene, l-methyl-2,4-dinitro-
CAS REGISTRY NO: 121-14-2
FORMULA: C7-H6-N2-04
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 182.14
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 4
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 168
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 300
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 69
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 207
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER:
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 42
846.00
TOXICITY DATA: Cancer suspect agent; toxic
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
', '! !' . '' ill,", ' ' '
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Hazardous
1 inn "
.III ', , ,|i!| ' 'I
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Toxic
- S
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Cancer suspect
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
87
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/09/91
COMPOUND: 1,4-Dioxane
1,4-Diethyleneoxide
CAS REGISTRY NO: 123-91-1
FORMULA: C4-H8-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 88.10
COMPOUND CLASS: Water-Soluble POHCs
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 4
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 141
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 101
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 11.8
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 5.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: SOL
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
581
TOXICITY DATA: Cancer suspect agent; flammable liquid
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
The MM5 method has been validated. See "An Evaluation of the Semi-VOST
Method" JAPCA 37, 1067-1074, (1987) and "Laboratory and Field Evaluation of
the Semi-VOST Method". EPA-600/4-85-075a, November 1985.
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
Analysis
'SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Reactive
Water soluble
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Forms explosive peroxides when hydrolyzed. Soluble in water, and therefore
is likely to be present in the condensate trap of the sampling train.
Validation studies have shown that recovery from the VOST train is poor
because of the water solubility. See "Development of VOST Sample Analysis
Protocol for Water-Soluble Volatile POHCs and PICs" (EPA-600/8-87-008
February 1987) .
SOLUTIONS:
The extract from the condensate liquid should be analyzed by GC/MS.
Labelled recovery spikes are required to demonstrate recoveries. Care must
be taken during sample concentration to prevent loss.
a,
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
'.< ii
88
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/09/91
COMPOUND: 1,2-DiphenyIhydraz ine
CAS REGISTRY NO: 122-66 7
FORMULA: C12-H12-N2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 184.24
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y
UDRI THERMAl! STABILITY CLASS: 5
UDRI THERilAL STABILITY RANKING: 251
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS:
fELTINp POINT, CELSIUS: 123 DECOMP
ILASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER:
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 11
1591.00
TOXICITY DATA: Cancer suspect agent; toxic
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
Slf-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
I!,,' ; ,'i i
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Toxic
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Cancer suspect
; i'
SOLUTIONS:
J.i ,, I;;!
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
89
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
1 , 2-Epoxybutane
1-Butene oxide
CAS REGISTRY NO: 106-88-7
FORMULA: C4-H8-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 72.11
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 63
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS:
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: -12
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: SOL
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 610.8
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Moderate irritant, all routes.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Thermal desorption/purge and trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S) : Reactive
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Epoxides are reactive and may not remain intact during sampling.
SOLUTIONS: '
A derivatization procedure may be useful. See "Reaction of Epoxides with
4-Nitrothiophenol. Its possible Application for Trapping and
Characterization of Epoxides", Environ. Sci. Tech. 14, 1249-1253 (1980).
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
90
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/28/90
CLEAN AIR ACT1 OF 1990? Y
Ethyl aerylate
E;thyl propenoate
CAS REGISTRY NO: 140-88-5
IbRMULA: C5-H8-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 100.12
COMPOUND CLASS: Ester
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 99
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -71.
FLASH POINT< CELSIUS: 15.0
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 20 g/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 690.8
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Skin irritant. Moderate toxicity. Affects heart,liver, & spl<|
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METjfpD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
:' ' .-' 'i ' ' , .. ,
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Reactive
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 91
COMPOUND: Ethyl benzene
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
CAS REGISTRY NO: 100-41-4
FORMULA: C8-H10
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 106.17
COMPOUND CLASS: Semivolatile hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 136
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -95
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 22
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 140 mg/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 1048.6
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Irritant to skin,eyes. Can cause death at high concentrations,
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. .0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S)
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
j ,'",!" ( !'' f iBi1' lilt!!::!'-! I
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
92
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/25/90
Ethyl carbamate
Urethane
CAS REGISTRY NO: 51-79-6
FORMULA: C3-H7-N-02
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 89.11
COMPOUND CLASS: Carbamate
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9?
N
CLEAN AIR ACT' OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 5
UPRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 204
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 182
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 48
FLASH POINT,CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: SOL
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 83
397.00
TOXICITY DATA: Cancer suspect agent
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS) or Test Method 632
VALIDATION STATUS: ' "
Epr GC/FID and GC/MS analysis methods, see "POHC Analysis Methods for
Hazardous Wa^te incineration" Vol. 1, Part 2" (EPA-600/8-87-037b).
''"'I ' ! , ' ' I'll1 " '' , 1!!!!':l "!','
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):' Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Reactive '
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Incompatible with alkalies, acids, antipyrine, chloral hydrate, camphor,
menthol, salol, or thymol.
, ป Till! ' : . , "" ' ,, ', ' ,H ,"'.,.- i;;;
SOLUTIONS:
Carbamate pesticides are normally analyzed by HPLC/UV.
Avoid contact with alkalies, acids, antipyrine, chloral hydrate, camphor,
menthol, salol, or thymol.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
93
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
Ethyl chloride
Chloroethane
CAS REGISTRY NO: 75-00-3
FORMULA: C2-H5-(C1)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 64.52
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated Hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990?
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 12.3
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -139.
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 3.3 g/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
6311
TwiICITY DATA: Skin and eye irritant. Moderate toxicity via oral & inhalation,
SAMPLING METHOD: Tedlar bag
ANALYSIS METHOD:
GC/MS
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
94
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/28/90
COMPOUND: Ethylene glycol
1,2-Ethanediol
CAS REGISTRY NO: 107-21-1
FORMULA: C2-H6-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 62.07
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
', t, , ;, !' sjjj < ' ;
UDRI THERMAE STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
" , :, , " 'f :. '
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 197
1-fELTiNG "POINT, CELSIUS: -13
fLASH POINTS CELSIUS: 110.00
lOLUBiLITY, IN WATER: Soltoble
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 281.9
COMBUSTION RANGING:
TOXICITY DATA: Skin and eye irritant.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. .0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
,* ' ' ' . Ml
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS :
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
95
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/25/90
Ethy1eneimine
Aziridine
CAS REGISTRY NO: 151-56-4
FORMULA: C2-H5-N
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 43.07
COMPOUND CLASS: Imine
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9?
N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 5
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 235
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 56
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -78
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: , -24.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Very sol
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 86
381.00
TOXICITY DATA: Poisonous! Handle in hood, only!
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Therm, Desorp/Purge and Trap-GC/MS) , Draft 5041
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Reactive
Water Soluble
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Polymerizes easily.
Very soluble in water, and therefore is likely to
be present in the condensate trap of the sampling
train.
SOLUTIONS :
A longer purge time might be necessary for adequate recovery. It may also
be necessary to heat and salt the purge water. Also, the extract from the
condensate liquid should be analyzed by GC/MS.
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 96
COMPOUND: Ethylene oxide
DATE OF LATEST EINTRY: 04/10/91
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
302.00
REGISTRf NO: 75-21-8
FORMULA: c|-H4-o
lOLECjJLAR WEIGHT: 44.05
gOMPOuNp CLlfiS: Epoxide
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y
UDRI THERMAl! STABILITY CLASS: 4
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 174
i1 ' 'I '4!| ' ' ' ,
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 10.7
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -111
FLASHPOINT,CELSIUS: -18
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Sol
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 94
TOXICITY DATA: Explosive
SAMPLING METHOD: Gas sampling bag
ANALYSIS METHOD:
GC/FID
VALIDATION STATUS:
For method Description, see "Chromatographic Methods for Analysis of
Ethylene Oxide in Emissions from Stationary Sources",, J. Chromatog. Sci 23,
204-209 (1990)
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Hazardous
", ;; ' ' ,' ,. Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Explosive
Water Soluble
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Will explode when mixed with alcohols or mercaptans,
form ethylene chlorohydrin which is very toxic.
SOLUTIONS:
Reacts with HC1 to
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 97
COMPOUND: Ethylenethiourea
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 08/25/89
CAS REGISTRY NO: 96-45-7
FORMULA: C3-H6-N2-S
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 102.17
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9?
N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:. 7
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 291
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS:
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 200
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Very sol
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Cancer suspect; teratogen
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
Extraction, HPLC/UV
VALIDATION STATUS:
For HPLC/UV analysis method, see "POHC Analysis Methods for Hazardous Waste
Incineration" Vol. 1, Parts 1 and 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037a and
EPA-600/8-87-037b).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
98
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
Ethylidene dichloride
I,l-Dichloroethene
Vinylidene chloride
CAS REGISTRY NO: 75-35-4
FORMULA: C2-H2-(C1)2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 97.0
gOMPOUND CLASS: Volatile
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9?
N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMALSTABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 31.6
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -122.5
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: -18
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Moderately Soluble 2.5 G/L
ffEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 261.9
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Experimental carcinogen. Liver toxin. Can cause death. Skin
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Thermal desorption/purge and trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
i, jiii " " i ',,''" ", '
i n; ^'l , ' , ., .ji'iil,' ,| '
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S)':
,, "" '." , ';1"| , , . ,' | ; ' ' ;'i ; : .; : '' :,;:' j, :'
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 99
COMPOUND: Formaldehyde
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/25/90
CAS REGISTRY NO: 50-00-0
FORMULA: C-H2-0
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 30.00
COMPOUND CLASS: Aldehyde
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9?
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 2
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
46
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: -21 (at 760 mm)
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -92
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 60.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: SOL
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 115
136.42
TOXICITY DATA: Cancer suspect agent; toxic
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 Draft Method No. 0011 (DNPH Impinger)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 Draft Method No. 8315 (Extraction-HPLC of DNPH derivative)
VALIDATION STATUS: . '
For HPLC/UV analysis method, see "POHC Analysis Methods for Hazardous Waste
Incineration" Vol. 1, Part 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037b).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S'
Water Soluble
Reactive
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Powerful reducing agent especially in presence of alkali. In air it is
slowly oxidized to formic acid. Formaldehyde is water soluble. It is also
a common Pic in combustion sources. Formaldehyde is analyzed by
derivitization with DNPH and HPLC/UV.
SOLUTIONS:
Sample with aqueous acidic DPNH impinger to make a DNPH derivative. Do not
select formaldehyde as POHC when waste feed concentration is very low.
-------
1 ' ialiB ! S
RECORD NUMBER:
100
COMPOUND:
:f
Glycol Ethers
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY:,.," 09/27/90
"i 1 '' ''. ;, ' , I .'ซ
CAS REGISTRY NO:
FORMULA:
MOLECULAR WEIGHT:
COMPOUND CLAงS:
APPENDIX 8? N
APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS:
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS:
FfLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER:
HJ3AT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
'&'. ^ '' " . ' "'I ' ' .. ' ' '.'
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD:
ANALYSIS METHOD:
CLEAN AIR Ad1 OF 1990? Y
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):.
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S)
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 101
COMPOUND: Heptachlor
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
CAS REGISTRY NO: 76-44-8
FORMULA: C10-H5-(C1)7
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 373.35
COMPOUND CLASS: Organochlorine pesticide
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990?
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 4
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 180
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 145 @ 1.5 mm'
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 95
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: NONFLAMM
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 0.03 PPM
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S)
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
D
-------
RECORD. NUMBER: 102
1 ' ..... :,i!i ' '' .!ป'
COMPOUND: Hexachlorobenzene
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
'SI'!
II)
,
CAS REGISTRY tiO: 118-74-1
FORMULA: C6-(C1)6
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 284.80
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated aromatic
APPENDIX 8?- Y APPENDIX 9? N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 1
UBRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
31
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 323
MELTING POINT; CELSIUS: 231
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Insol 0.035 ppm
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 65
567.70
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
sf-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
,' ' ""' , -5-Jl
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
'.'ft '! '.I; ,j fl
SOLUTIONS:
-------
NUMBER: 103
COMPOUND: Hexachlorobutadiene
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
CAS REGISTRY NO: 87-68-3
FORMULA: C4-(C1)6
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 260.76
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990?
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY. CLASS: 3
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: '92
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 215
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -21
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: INSOL
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5) '
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
D
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 104 DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
COMPOUND: Hexachlorocyciopentadiene
CAS REGISTRY NO: 77-47-4
j'FQRMULA1: ' cf-(Cl)6
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 272.77
COMPOUND CLASS : Chlorinated aromatic
-APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y
' ' '
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
' :!!,""*"' ., . -'"J " "J
UDRI THERMAL- STABILITY GLASS : 4
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING : 168
BOIL|NG POINT, CELSIUS:
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS:
FLASH POINT7 CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: INSOL
239 (at 753 nun)
-9
2 PPM
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
'I ill
11 ' '''IS1! " i
TOXICITY DATA: Corrosive; toxic
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
:: , Iris :
'ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS) .
1 . ''I1 , fl!1 r
..'> . : : : i! : ', ' -
VALIDATION STATUS:
ซ '' I i , " . .
li ' .;'
GENERAL PROBplM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PRQBLEM TYPE(S):
'' ' ' '''?!
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 105
COMPOUND: Hexachloroethane
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
CAS REGISTRY NO: 67-72-1
FORMULA: C2-(C1)6
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 236.74
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? Y . APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 5
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 202
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 187 (Sublimes)
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 187
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: INSOL 0.05 G/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 117
110.00
TOXICITY DATA: Cancer suspect agent; irritant
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 NO. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
The MM5 method was validated in the lab for this compound. See "An
Evaluation of the Semi-VOST Method" JAPCA 37, 1067-1074, (1987) and
"Laboratory and Field Evaluation of the Semi-VOST Method"
(EPA-600/4-85-075a).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
106
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
Hexamethylene-1,6-diisocyanate
lj6-DiIsocyanat6hexane
;!", . HDI , " -
CAS REGISTRY NO: 822-06-0
FO'RMULA: C8-H12-02-N2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 168.20
COMPOUND CLASS: Isocyanate
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 255
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 140
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 140
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER:
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RACKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Allergin. Moderate" toxicity.
SAMPLING METHOD: .
ANALYSIS METHOD:
VALIDATION STATUS:
No validated stack sampling method.
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Reactive
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Compound reacts with water during sampling. Violent reaction with alcohols,
When heated to decomposition, this compound emits toxic NOx fumes.
SOLUTIONS:
Compound must be derivatizated during sampling. Method is under
development.
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 107 DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/28/90
COMPOUND: Hexamethylphosphoramide
Hexamethylphosphoric acid triamide
CAS REGISTRY NO: 680-31-9
FORMULA: C6-H18-O-N3-P
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 179.20
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 231
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 7
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 105.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER:
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Suspected human carcinogen. Moderate toxicity.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-8'46 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Reactive
Chromatography
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND: Hexane
108
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 12/17/90
CAS REGISTRY NO: 110-54-3
FORMULA:" C6-H14
IpLECULAR WEIGHT: 86.18
COMPOUND CLASS: Flammable Liquid
APPENDIX'S?N APPENDIX 9? N CLEAN AIR ACT1 OF 1990? Y
u'lDKl THERMAIJ1' STABILITY ' CLASS:
UbRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
';;: . , " ซ" v ,:. ,', . ' iij'. ' .'. .
liii , i :,:!|(t ' ., ' t ' ' ! : " r ; .
BAILING POINJf, CELSIUS: 69 ' ""
IgELTING', POINf", CELSIUS: -95
ILASH ppiNT, CELSIUS: -23.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: '9.5 mg/L at 20 deg C
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 995.01
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Low toxicity via oral route. Skin and eye irritant.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
!' J'l' ' '''Si ' , , ...
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Thermal desorption/purge and trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
:"!:'" If:! ,'.ft
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S)
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 109
COMPOUND: Hydrazine
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/25/90
CAS REGISTRY NO: 302-01-0
FORMULA: H4-N2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 32.00
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 4
UDRI 'THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 127
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 113
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 2
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Very sol
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 125
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
7.21
TOXICITY DATA: Cancer suspect agent; highly toxic
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST), SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040,Draft Method No. 5041 or SW-846 No. 8270
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM-TYPE(S): Reactive
Water soluble
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
May not elute from GC column. Very soluble in water, and therefore is
likely to be present in condensate trap of the sampling train or the purge
chamber of Method 5040. This compound is unstable. Another problem is the
MW of 32 which will be difficult to see above the MS oxygen background.
SOLUTIONS:
A longer purge time might give better recoveries. Also, the extract from
the condensate liquid should be analyzed. Adequate recoveries must be
demonstrated. May require a special sampling and analysis method. NIOSH
uses impinger collection, derivatization and UV determination.
-------
IF:"
:.f.-ff.
RECORD NUMBER
COMPOUND:
110
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
CLEAN AIR ACT,1 OF 1990? Y
Hydrochloric acid
Hydrogen chloride
CAS REGISTRYNO: 7647-01-0
fORMULA: H-{C1)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 36.46
COMPOUND CLASS: Inorganic acid
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
UpRl' THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMALSTABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: -84.9
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -114.8
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: NONFLAMM
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 823 g/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846, No. 0050 or 0051, Method 26
'' il '-. , : , ซl! '!V , "' " . , ;' :" t-
ANALYSIS METHOD:
|W-846, No.9057 (Ion chromatography)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S)
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
111
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
Hydrofluoric acid
Hydrogen fluoride
CAS REGISTRY NO: 7664-39-3
FORMULA: H-F
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 20.01
COMPOUND CLASS: Inorganic acid
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 19.5
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -83.55
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: Nonflamm
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Very sol
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Corrosive; toxic
SAMPLING METHOD: EPA Method 13A or 13B
ANALYSIS METHOD:
Ion chromatographyan alternate analysis procedure
VALIDATION STATUS:
Field-validated at primary aluminum smelter.
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 112
COMPOUND: Hydrogen sulfide
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
CAS REGISTRY NO:
FORMULA: H2-s
MOLECULAR WEIGHT:
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? Y
7783-06-4
34.08
APPENDIX 9?
N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
i,!, ; ,.; .'?:ni i , ' - :, .i",
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: -60.33
'MELTING POINT,'CELSIUS: -85.49
FLASH POINT^CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY,IN WATER: 4 g/1
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Extremely hazardous.
SAMPLING METHOD: Impinger
I1., Jit , M, ii1' , ' !i, Mill * *
,ป|l"" ,: ' Pi , " ' ' I"" ," "I1' , HV,, V, ' j. ' ,,; , , |,
ANALYSIS METHOD:
Absorption - methylene blue - spectrophotometric
VALIDATION STATUS:
! i1 , , ., '"ซ , ,:',, i, ' .
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Breakthrough
"i " ' i" ii '.' i i: ' "'. ' ':; \r ,' -; ;-|""
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS: . .
Difficult to collect and preserve because of volatility.
lllfl'" i, "' ' iiiii' " ' . ' ' ' . r,T ' ' ""' "V .'! . '
SOLUTIONS: "" ' : "!" '' ' ' '
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 113
COMPOUND: Hydroquinone
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
CAS REGISTRY NO: 123-31-9
FORMULA: C6-H6-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 110.11
COMPOUND CLASS: Phenol
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? N CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:'
UDRI. THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 285
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 170
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 165
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 1 in 14 parts
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Relatively safe in low concentrations.'
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5) or Draft Method No. 0011 (DNPH impinge:
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS) or Draft Method No. 8315 HPLC)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Reactive
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Its solution becomes brown in air due to oxidation.
rapid in presence of alkali.
SOLUTIONS:
Keep well closed and protected from light.
The oxidation is very
-------
' I'"1 ,1' ',
RECORD NUMBER:
389
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/12/91
COMPOUND:
lodomethane
Methyl iodide
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
CAS REGISTRY NO: 74-88-4
FORMULA: C-H3-I
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 141.95
COMPOUND CL^SS: lodinated hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8?Y APPENDIX 9? Y
UDRl THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 5
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 210
i. , ,, ' f " .<' '' . ."
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 42.5
MELTING POIN;r, CELSIUS: -66
FLASH pOINT,; CELSIUS: NONFLAMM
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Sol in about 50 parts of water
HEAT QF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 119
105.93 ,
TOXICITY DATA: Highly toxic; cancer suspect agent
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
,, . :;' . :" "|; ' ' ' ' " ''';. - ',
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Thermal Desorption/Purge and Trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Decomposition
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Turns brown on exposure to light.
Decomposes at 270 degrees centigrade.
Cautionwatch temperatures"in port area,
SOLUTIONS:
Protect from light.
Do not heat above 265 degrees centigrade.
Cautionwatch temp in port area.
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 114 DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
COMPOUND: Isophorone
3,5,5-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexene-l-one
CAS REGISTRY NO: 78-59-1
FORMULA: C9-H14-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 138.21
COMPOUND.CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY "CLASS: . .
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 213
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -8
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 84.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 12 g/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 124.1
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Moderate toxicity. Skin and eye irritant. Kidney poison.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Reactive
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
This compound is incompatible with strong oxidizers.
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 115 DATE OF LATEST ENTRY:
.> ; .} . ' ; yHil ; ' ' ' ....... ' ' ::t ' : " . ' : (!- '" , !
COMPOUND: Lead and compounds, N.O.S.
' ' '
04/10/91
CAS REGISTRY NO: 7439-92-1
FORMULA: Pb
MpLEqULAR WEIGHT: 207.10
\ep^POUND' CLASS": ' Metal""
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL-STABILITYCLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 1740
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 327.5
FLAS:t POINT, ' CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: INSOL
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Toxic
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 Draft Method No. 0012 (Mult, metals train), EPA Mei
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 Draft Method No. 0012 (Acid digestion-atomic spectroscopy)
at
VALIDATION SJATUS: ' " ', " " ,'. . . "
For method,evaluation, see "Measurement Methodology for Toxic. Metals
Municipal Waste Combustors", Paper 5C-1, International Conference on
Municipal Waste Combustors, Hollywood, FL, April, 1989.
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
from
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S)
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 116 DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
*
COMPOUND: Lindane
1,2,3,4,5,6-Heaxachlorocyclohexane
gamma-BHC (aka benzene hexachloride, a misnomer)
CAS REGISTRY NO: 58-89-9
FORMULA:
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 290.83
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated Insecticide
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 323.4
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 114
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: NONFLAMM
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 17.0 mg/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: High toxicity. May cause death.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8081 or 8270 (Extraction- GC/ECD or GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
When heated to decomposition, this compound emits toxic phosgene fumes,
SOLUTIONS:
Do not heat to decomposition.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
117
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
Maleic anhydride
2,5-Furandione
CAS REGISTRY NO: 108-31-6
FORMULA: C4-H2-O3
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 98.06
COMPOUND CLASS: Anhydride
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 3
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 98
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 202
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 52.8
FLASH PC-INT, CELSIUS: 103
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Sol
HEAT OF, COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 332.10
COMBUSTION RANKING: 90
TOklCITY DATA: Powerful irritant? causes severe burns.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS or HPLC/UV).
VALIDATION STATUS: ,
For HPLC/UV analysis method, see "POHC Analysis Methods for Hazardous Waste
Incineration'* Vol. 1, Part 2 (EPA-600/a-87-037b) .
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Hazardous
Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE('S): Explosive
1 v Reactive ,,
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Reacts with water to yield maleic acid.
Decomposition or polymerization explosion can occur in presence of alkali
or alkaline earth metal ions, ammonium ions or amines when heated above 150
C. Cautionwatch temperature in port area.
Maleic anhydride is a product of incomplete combustion of l-butene.
SOLUTIONS:
Store in dry well-ventilated location and away from alkalis, amines, and
oxidizing agents. For trial burn purposes it is possible to sample maleic
aShydride with SW-846 Method 0010 (converting to maleic acid in the
sampling process) and then analyze for maleic acid and report maleic acid
a| maleic anhydride. This approach produces a "worse case" D.R.E., since
any maleic acid present also gets added into the total amount.
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 411
COMPOUND: Manganese
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/12/91
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
CAS REGISTRY NO: 7439-96-5
FORMULA: Mn
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 54.94
COMPOUND CLASS: Metal
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: " .
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 1962
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 1244
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: INSOL
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Highly toxic through inhalation.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846, Draft No. 0012, (Multiple Metals Train)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 6010
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): .
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
118
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
COMPOUND: Mercury and compounds, N.O.S.
Mercury
CAS REGISTRY NO: 7439-97-6
FORMULA: Hg
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 200.59
COMPOUND CLASPS: Metal
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 357
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -38.8
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 0.28 umoles/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 Draft Method No. 0012 (Multiple metals train) or EP;
ANALYSIS, METHOD: " , ' ' ,. ', ' " "'
SW-846 Draft Hetdod No. 0012 (Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy)
VALIDATION STATUS: ,, ,, ' ' [ , ' ' ' "/'""," '"'
For method evaluation, see "Measurement Methodology for Toxic Metals from
Municipal Waste Combustors" Paper 5C-1, International Conference on
Municipal Waste Combustors, Hollywood, FL, April (1989).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
1 : , ' ," III!! * * , .
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
'I ' I i " ' 'I1 ,.W , ' ' ,
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
119
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
Methanol
Methyl alcohol
CAS REGISTRY NO: 67-56-1
FORMULA: C-H4-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 32.04
COMPOUND CLASS: Alcohol
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: '
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 64.6
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -98
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 11.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Soluble
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 173.6
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Low toxicity via oral and skin. Moderate via inhalation.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
ANALYSIS -METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Thermal desorption/purge and trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Water soluble
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Highly water soluble, therefore likely to purge poorly.
SOLUTIONS :
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 120
COMPOUND: Methoxychlor
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
CAS REGISTRY NO: 72-43-5
FORMULA: C16-H15-(Cl)3-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 345.65
COMPOUND CLASS: Organochlorine pesticide
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? N CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 5
THERMALSTABILITY RANKING: 243
BOILING
311 i"
ฃ<
CELSIUS:
DECOMP
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 78
fLASHi""lpo|NT"f""1 CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Practically insol in water
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION R|NKING: ' . , . .
., , , ; :;'ii ,.,.;' .- ' ' : ' ' .. ' :. ,' -i-.' .
TpXICITY DATA: Continued ingestion over long periods may cause kidney damagl
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
Fjor, GC/FID and GC/MS analysis methods, see "POHC Analysis Methods for
Hazardous Waste Incineration" Vol. 1, Part 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037b).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER;
COMPOUND:
121
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 12/26/90
4,4'-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline)
4,4'-Methylenebis(o-chloroaniline)
CAS REGISTRY NO: 101-14-4
FORMULA: C13-H12-(Cl)2-N2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 267.17
COMPOUND CLASS: Aromatic amine
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9?
N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 5
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 211'
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS:
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 99
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Slightly sol
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD:
SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS or HPLC/UV).
VALIDATION STATUS:
For HPLC/UV analysis method, see "POHC Analysis Methods for Hazardous Waste
Incineration" Vol. 1, Part 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037b).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analysis
.Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
Chromatography
Interference
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Several amines- interfere because they have the same retention times.
SOLUTIONS:
The interferences were eliminated by changing the composition of the HPLC
mobile phase.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
122
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
4,4-Methylenedianiline
p,p'-Methylenedianiline
4,4'-DIAMINODIPHENYLMETHANE
CAS REGISTRY NO: 101-77-9
FORMULA: C13-H14-N2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 198.27
COMPOUND"CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
|oiLliJG POINT,''CELSIUS': 398-399
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 90
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 221.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: SLIGHTLY
HEAT OFL COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTIQN RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: High toxicity.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS MET,HOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
o": ' Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): ' Reactive
':" , ' 'Toxic
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Compound may be reactive during sampling (experiments are needed), When
heated to decomposition, this compound emits highly toxic aniline fumes.
SOLUTIONS:
Dynamic spiking and recovery.
Do not heat to decomposition.
11"!
Illy i'
',; "Jin"
Jj,' ililiJiiliiili
liilillillllll
iiililliill'
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 123 DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
COMPOUND: Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate
MDI
Methylenebis(4-phenyl isocyanate)
CAS REGISTRY NO: 101-68-8
FORMULA: C15-H10-O2-N2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 250.2
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 196 @ 5mm
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 37.2
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 202
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER:
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: i
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD:
ANALYSIS METHOD:
HPLC
VALIDATION STATUS:
No validated stack method.
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Reactive
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Compound reacts with water during sampling.
SOLUTIONS:
For derivatization HPLC method, see "Determination of Isocyanates in
Working Atmospheres by High Speed Liquid Chromatography". Analytical Chem,
48, 497-499 (1976) .
Compound must be derivatized during- sampling. Method is under development-
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
124
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
Methyl ethyl ketone
Butanone
CAS REGISTRf N9r 78-93-3
FORMULA: cJ-H8-o
IOLECULAR WEIGHT: 72.12
EoMPOUifD CLASS : Ketone
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y
'-' t ' ' ! O'lilil! " " , ' ' "
" , ,1 HIJII
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: - 3
fjDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 108
, , ' ' i. ' j^ n |
IOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 79.6
MELTING foiNT, CELSIUS: -86.35
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: -9
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Very sol
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 64
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
584.17
TOXICITY DATA: Irritant; flammable liquid
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST) or Draft Method No. 0011 (DNPH ImpiJ
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Therm Desorp/Purge and Trap-GC/MS) or Draft 8315
!'n i M, ," ,,,1' , i ,
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Water Soluble
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Very soluble in water, and therefore is likelyto be present in the
condensate trap of the sampling train.
Validation studies have shown that MEK can be recovered using modified
analysis procedures. See "Development of VOST Sample Analysis Protocol for
Water-Soluble Volatile POHCs and PICs." (EPA-600/8-87-008 February 1987)
SOLUTIONS:
A longer purge time might be necessaqry for adequate recovery. Also, the
extract from the condensate liquid should be analyzed by GC/MS.
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 125
COMPOUND: Methylhydrazine
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/25/90
CAS REGISTRY NO: 60-34-4
FORMULA: C-H6-N2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 46.09
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9?
N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 5
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 197
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 87.5
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -80
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 70.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Sol
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 92
311.95
TOXICITY DATA: Highly toxic; cancer suspect agent
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Therm Desorp/Purge and Trap-GC/MS) or Draft 5041
VALIDATION STATUS:
For GC/FID analysis method, see "POHC Analysis Methods for Hazardous Waste
Incineration" Vol. 1, Part 1 (EPA-600/8-87-037a).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Water Soluble
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Soluble in water, and therefore is likely to be present in the condensata
trap of the sampling train.
SOLUTIONS:
A longer purge time might be necessary for adequate recovery. Also, the
extract from the condensate liquid should be analyzed by GC/MS.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
126
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
Methyl isobutyl ketone
4-Methyl-2-Pentanone
CAS REGISTRY NO: 108-10-1
FORMULA: C6-H12-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 100.16
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8?N APPENDIX 9? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
PDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 117.5
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -80
FLASH POINT,CELSIUS: 13.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 19 g/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: sso.9
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXIClTY DATA: Eye irritant. Moderate toxicity.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No.82|0 (Extraction-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Water solubility
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
This compound presents a dangerous fire hazard. It can react vigorously
with reducing materials.
SOLUTIONS : I ' ' ' ' ,.. ' I . , ,' '" ' - , |
Adequate extraction and recovery must be demonstrated.
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 127
COMPOUND: Methyl methacrylate
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
CAS REGISTRY NO: 80-62-6
FORMULA: C5-H8-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 100.13
COMPOUND CLASS: Aliphatic ester
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 2
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 60
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 100
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -48
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 10
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: SLIGHTLY
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 631.8
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Flammable liquid; lachrymator
SAMPLING METHOD:. SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Therm Desorp/Purge and Trap-GC/MS) or Draft 5041
VALIDATION STATUS:
For GC/FID and GC/MS analysis methods, see "POHC Analysis Methods for
Hazardous Waste Incineration" Vol. 1, Part 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037b).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Reactive
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Polymerization may be a problem.
SOLUTIONS:
Compound recovery should be checked.
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 128 DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/28/90
COMPOUND: Methyl tert-butyl ether
CAS REGISTRY NO: 1634-04-4
''' C5-H12-O
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
WEIGHT: 88,15
:LASS:
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 55.2
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -109
FLASHPOINT^CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Soluble
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING ME!|*QP: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
;j ; M -\ ." ' u.".' ' ซ' V; , . ,; ' -
ANALYSIS METHOD:
gw-846 Nq. |p40 (Thermal desorption/purge and trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S).: Explosive
i,i!i, , . ' ' , |,;i . ' ',,
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 129
COMPOUND: Mineral fibers
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/27/90
CAS REGISTRY NO:
FORMULA:
MOLECULAR WEIGHT:
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? N
APPENDIX 9? N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS:
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS:
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER:
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD:
ANALYSIS METHOD:
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S)
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 130
'':|i,i , , " ,'i"!
COMPOUND: Naphthalene
feothball
'" ; , . ' ; ('
CAS REGISTRY NO: 91-20-3
FORMULA: C10-H8
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 128.18
COMPOUND CLASS: PAH .
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9?
W,!'' , 'Hi'1
UD|I THERMAL1 STABILITY'' CLASS: 1
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 217.9
MELTING POINJ?, CELSIUS: 80.2
FLASH POINT,CELSIUS: 79.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: INSOL 30 mg/i
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 25
1230.00
TOXICITY DATA: Poisoriing may occur by ingestion of :iarge doses, or inhalat:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS MEtCgOD:
SW-8^46 NO. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
Jh^ MM5 Method for napthalene was validated in the leib and in the field.
See "An Evaluation of the Semi-VOST Method", JAPCA 37, 1067-1074, (1937) and
J'Laboratory and Field Evaluation of the Semi-VOST Method"
(EPA-600/4-85-075a).
For HPLC/UV analysis method, see "POHC Analysis Methods for Hazardous Waste
incineration" Vol. 2 (SPA-500/8-87-037c).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
'ป' ' , ' " ... , ' , , Vi . ! .iV ' i
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S).:
li'ii'p, iซ ' , .ji11" , ',',, , " ' '!"! ' ' '
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 131 DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
COMPOUND: Nickel and compounds, N.O.S.
Nickel
CAS REGISTRY NO: 7440-02-0
FORMULA: Ni
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 58.71
COMPOUND CLASS: Metal
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 2837
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 1555
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: insol
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 Draft Method No. 0012 (Multiple metals train)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 Draft Method No. 0012 (Acid digestion-Atomic spectroscopy)
VALIDATION STATUS:
For method evaluation, see "Measurement Methodology for Toxic Metals from
Municipal Waste Combustors", Paper 5C-1, International Conference on
Municipal Waste Combustors, Hollywood, FL, April, 1989.
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 132
COMPOUND: Nitrobenzene
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY5 09/25/90
CAS REGISTRY NO: 98-95-3
FORMULA: C6-H5-N-O2
MOLECULAR WE|GHT: 123.12
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9?
N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UpRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 4
tfbRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 143
!' il" . ;ialt ' ' i1 ' ' ' ", ! ".. '. ,.;
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 210.8 (at 760 mm)
MELTING POINj1, CELSIUS: 5.7
ILASH POINT, CELSIUS: ss.oo
SOLUBILITY/IN WATER: Sol in about SOO"parts water.
SEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: si
739.20
fbxiCITY DATA: Rapidly absorbed through the skin; vaipor hazardous; poisonot
SAMPLING METHOD: sw-846 NO. 0010
'": i i , , - "I"1 " '" , ' : !:
ANALYSIS METHOD.:
^W-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
The MMS method was validated both in the lab and in the field for
nitrobenzene. See "An Evaluation of the Semi-VOST Method" JAPCA 37,
1067-1074 (1987) and "Laboratory and Field Evaluation of the Semi-VOST
Method" (EPA-600/4-85-075a).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Hazardous
; Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Explosive
Incompatibility
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Forms explosive mixtures with aluminum chloride, aniline, glycerine
mixtures, nitric acid, nitrogen tetroxide, and silver perchlorate.
Incompatible with caustic and reactive metals.
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
133
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
4-Nitrobiphenyl
Nitrobiphenyl
CAS REGISTRY NO: 92-93-3
FORMULA: C12-H9-N-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 199.21
COMPOUND CLASS: Nitro aromatic
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 340
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 113
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 179.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Insol
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 688.8
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Moderate toxicity via oral route. Experimental carcinogen.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analysis
Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Decomposition
Blank i
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Sampling problem- This compound may form from reactions of PAH and NOx/HNO3
in combustion effluent either in the gas phase -or on silica ar alumina
bearing particles. Its occurance may be the result of reaction on the
sampling media.
Analysis problem- Decomposition may occur- in GC injection port.
SOLUTIONS:
1. May require cool on-column injection with a fused silica-bonded phase
capillary column.
2. Alternate method - HPLC/UV, or HPLC/MS.
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 134
COMPOUND: 4-Nitrophenol
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
CAS REGISTRY NO: 100-02-7
fORMULA: C6-H5-N-O3
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 139.12
COMPOUND CLASS: Phenol
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 4
UDRI THERMALSTABILITY RANKING: 148
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 279
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 114.9
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 16 g/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 56
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
688.80
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS) Alternate method-HPLC/UV.
VALIDATION STATUS: .
For HPLC/UV analysis method, see "POHC Analysis Methods for Hazardous Waste
Incineration" Vol. 1, Part 1 (EPA-600/8-87-037a).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 135
COMPOUND: 2-Nitropropane
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/28/90
CAS REGISTRY NO: 79-46-9
FORMULA: C3-H7-N-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 89.09
COMPOUND CLASS: Flammable liquid
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 120
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -93
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 37.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 1.7%
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 477.9
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Experimental carcinogen. Mod toxicity via oral and inhalation.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 or 0030 (MM5 or VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 or 5040
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
. Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Breakthrough
Explosive
DESCRIPTION OF- PROBLEMS:
This compound may explode upon heating. Heat decomposition emits highly
toxic NOx fumes.
SOLUTIONS :
-------
."I'V'JJTTI ! IM !';!
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
136
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/25/90
N-Nitrosodimethylamine
"4! - . ,
CiAS REGISTRY NO: 62-75-9
fORMULA: C2-H6-N2-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 74.10
COMPOUND CLASS: Nitrosamine
APPENDIX 8? Y .APPENDIX 9? Y.
>, ....... '! j' , j ' '',,1 ' ;i .:", . '
THERMAt. STABILITY CLASS: 7
THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 303
CLEAN AIR ACT1 OF 1990? Y
''
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 153 774
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: '
flASH POIJIT, -CELSIUS: 61.00
SpLUBILITY, IN WATER:
"i;:,]( ; ,/: ' 'jj ; . . , .
HEAJT qF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
'' ' '
DATA:
i ;"
' , lllll,
SAMPLING
D: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
METHOD: , .'
^W-846 No. 8|Vp (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
For GC/FID analysis method, see "POHC Analysis Methods for Hazardous
Incineration"Vol. 1, Part 1 (EPA-600/8-87-037a).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Chromatography
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Not retainedon reversed phase HPLC column
SOLUTIONS:
Waste
fr ,i
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 137 DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
COMPOUND: . N-Nitroso-N-methylurea
CAS REGISTRY NO: 684-93-5
FORMULA: C2-H5-N3-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 103.10
COMPOUND CLASS:. Nitrosamine
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? N CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
-UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:' 7
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 303
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS:
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 123 decomp
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 1.4%
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS .METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS) or Extraction, HPLC/UV
VALIDATION STATUS:
For HPLC/UV analysis method, see "POHC Analysis Methods for Hazardous Waste
Incineration" Vol. 1, Part 1 (EPA-600/8-87-037a).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Chromatography
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Unstable on GC column
Not retained on reversed phase HPLC column
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 138
I" ' ' ' n, , ' ' ,' 'I I ' :'L ' ' , '
COMPOUND: N-Nitrosomorphoiine
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
C&S REGISTRY NO: 59-89-2
FORMULAS C4-H8-N2-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 116.14
COMPOUND CLASS: Nitrosamine
-APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y
UDRI THERMAL fTABILITY CLASS : 7
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 303
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 139
MfLTING POINT; CELSIUS: 29
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: sol
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: ............... [[[ ................... , ...............................................
"il" ! , ' ''"I! I1 ............................... ' " " ....... ' ' ' .............. '" "'"''' ,; ' "
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE (S) : Analysis
ii
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Chromatography
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Unstable on GC column
Not retained on reversed phase HPLC column
SOLUTIONS :
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
139
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
Parathion
Thiophos
Parathion-ethyl
CAS REGISTRY NO: 56-38-2
FORMULA: C10-H14-N-O5-P-S
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 291.28
COMPOUND CLASS: Organophosphate pesticide
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y . CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 5 > '
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 222
375 (at 760 nun)
6.1
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS:
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS:
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Practically insol 24 mg/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 1497.2
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Highly toxic
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
140
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
pentachloronitrobenzene
P=CNB
CJVS REGISTRY NO: 82-68-8
FORMULA: C6-(C1)5-N-02
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 295.32
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? N CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMALSTABILITY CLASS: 5
UpRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 235
,,'", , ,n ^fij . f " i ;,|,|j ' in i . ','',"
BAILING POINT, CELSIUS: 328 (at 760 mm)
IffiLTINjS POINT, 'CELSIUS:' 140
FLASHT'"POINT, "CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, Si WATER: 0.44 mg/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Cancer suspect agent
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No..0010 (MM5)
.::. , :' , i HI . . i , . , .. .,.,. ' ' : ', ..'!;
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
For GC/FID and GC/MS analysis methods, see "POHC Analysis Methods for
Hazardous Waste Incineration" Vol. 1, Part 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037b).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S);
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
If; ;
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
141
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
Pentachloropheno1
PCP
CAS REGISTRY NO: 87-86-5
FORMULA: C6-H-(C1)5-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 266.32.
COMPOUND CLASS: Phenol, herbicide
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 4
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 151
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 309 (at 754 mm)
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 190
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: nonflamm
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Almost insol 0.02 g/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 67
557.00
TOXICITY DATA: Highly toxic; irritant
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 NO. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
Validation studies were inconclusive. The MM5 method is probably
sufficient. Poor precision during the validation may have been caused by
the inability to generate a test atmosphere reproducibly. see "An
Evaluation of the Semi-VOST Method" JAPCA 37, 1067-1074, (1987) and
"Laboratory and Field Evaluation of the Semi-VOST. Method"
(EPA-600/4-S5-075a).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
I "i-'lsi !,' t ! ;, ifi";,;; -,: ป , i;!S < v WIl"'flr.ซ..:ซ I.
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
142
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
Phenol
Carbolic acid
., ,i ! , , ซ'ilium , Hi ', ' .,| ,'!','
CAS REGISTRYNO: 108-95-2
FORMULA: C6-H6-0
MOLECULAR " WEIGHT : 94.12
dOMPOUND CLAfs: Phenol
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y
. i '?.,. .,.. i I; ; : ; ..: 4 < ..:;; " ," ' .. . . . , .
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 3
UpRI THERMAL STABILITY RANGING: 101
'F .' . :| v, ; ,' " .;", ' ; ,: 13' ป , " . ' > , ซ ; i '. . ;!' . . ' ' '' I .; ' ,.', ,": ' 'is,1
BOILING POIN1/ CELSIUS: 181
ME'LTING POINT', CELSIUS: 43
Flj^SH'^fOINT, "CELSIUS:" ' 79.00
SOLUBILifY, IN WATER:" SOL
'ฃ"! "' J ,: '.: :. ' ;.' ,:,., /.':,.': ' ;. ; , =', ; , , ' * ':;
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 730.00
COMBUSTION RANKING: 52
,;! , "M . 'i;:1" ; - - . i ; :,." 'ซ .- .;. l"ii ;;.':" ': '
TpXICITY bAT4: Highly toxic ''' " "'- ' "''' ' '' !""
"i1" ' i , ' ill .. ' ': ; : / ' " ;<..' , "" , , . ' : ' '' 'ป; ;"
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
The MM5 method was validated for phenol both in the lab and in the field.
See "An Evaluation of the Semi-VOST Method" JApCA 37, 1067-1074 (1987) and
"jLabpratpry and Field Evaluation of the Semi-VQ.ST Method"
(EPA-600/4-85-075a).
l,' l!i '' >'il '" ' " .;'ป .1 ! ' "i 'i ." ,iii'" <'!
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
143
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
p-Phenylenediamine
p-Diamine benzene
1,4-Diamine benzene
CAS REGISTRY NO: 106-50-3
FORMULA: C6-H8-N2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 108.14
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
ป
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 267
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 146
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 156
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 4.7%
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 843.4
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: High toxicity. Powerful skin irritant,
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Reactive
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Heat decomposition emits toxic NOx fumes,
SOLUTIONS:
/
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
144
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
Phosgene
Carbonyl chloride
CAS REGISTRY NO: 75-44-5
FORMULA: C-(C1)2-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 98.91
COMPOUND CLAl'S: Ketone
APPENDIX 8? Y , APPENDIX 9?
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 2
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
39
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 7.56 (at 760 mm)
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -118
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: nonflamm
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Slightly
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Produces toxic and corrosive fumes
SAMPLING METHOD: Impinger, derivatization solution
ANALYSIS METHOD:
HPLC/UV, GC/FID or GC/MS
VALIDATION STATUS:
No validated method available.
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Hazardous
Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Toxic
Reactive
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Phosgene decomposes. It is also a highly toxic compound.
SOLUTIONS:
A NIOSH method uses collection with a solution of 4,4"-nitrobenzyl pyridine
in diethyl phthalate. The exposed solution is analyzed
spectrophotometrically. It would be more desirable to analyze the product
by HPLC, but a method has not yet been developed. An alternate approach
(Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 47, pg 742, 1986) uses XAD-2 treated with
di-n-butylamine for collection followed by a GC/FID nethod. This method
has more promise for stack testing unless an HPLC or GC/MS method is
developed.
f I'
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 145
COMPOUND: Phosphine
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 04/10/91
CAS REGISTRY NO:
FORMULA: P-H3
MOLECULAR WEIGHT:
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? Y
7803-51-2
34.00
APPENDIX 9?
N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: -87.7
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -133
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Slightly
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: Gas Sample Bag or SW-846 Draft Method No. 0012 (M. Metals Tra|
ANALYSIS METHOD:
GC/FPD or SW-846 Draft No. 0012 (Atomic Spectroscopy)
VALIDATION STATUS:
For method evaluation for total phosphorus, see "Measurement Methodology
for Toxic Metals from Municipal Waste Combustors", Paper 5C-1,
International Conference on Municipal Waste Combustors, Hollywood, FL,
April 1989.
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Interference
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Draft Method 0012 yields total Phosphorus. Bag method has not been
validated.
SOLUTIONS:
Bag method should be evaluated before use. Draft Method 0012 can be used
for "worst case".
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
146
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 12/31/90
Phosphorus (white or yellow)
Phosphorus
dAS REGISTRY NO: 7723-14-0
IQRMULA: " P4 .....
MOLECULAR, WEIGHT: , 123.90
COMPOUND CLASS: Flammable solid, Poison
APPENDIX " 8? '"""N' .APPENDIX 9? N CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
liBri ' Vi1 ''. <: , " lj .:!:, < .,< ..... :: ...... .i ' "^Vi"-':-.:: ....... , ..-. . ... ;, , .,:\?,< ..4 ..... ;,., :.,.., , , . ; , -.. *;:'< I i.;
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
147
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 06/13/91
Phthalic anhydride
Phthalandione
CAS REGISTRY NO: 85-44-9
FORMULA: C8-H4-03
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 148.12
COMPOUND CLASS: Anhydride
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9?
N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 4 '
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 148
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 295
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 131.61
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 165
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 1000 PPM
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 779.00
COMBUSTION RANKING: 48
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS or HPLC/UV).
VALIDATION STATUS:
For HPLC/UV analysis method, see "POHC Analysis Methods for Hazardous Waste
Incineration" Vol. 1, Part 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037b).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Reactive
.Water Soluble
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Reacts with water to yield phthalic acid.
A common air contaminant.
SOLUTIONS:
For trial burn purposes it is possible to sample phthalic anhydride with
SW-846 Method 0010 (converting to phthalic acid in the sampling process)
and then analyze for phthalic acid and report phthalic acid as phthalic
anhydride. This approach porduces a "worse case" D.R.E., since any
phthalic acid present also gets added into the total amount.
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 148 DATE OF LATEST ENTRY:
COMPOUND: Polychlorinated biphenyl, N.O.S.
09/25/90
CLEAN AIR ACT1 OF 1990? Y
CAS REGISTRY NO: 1336-36-3
FORMULA: C12-Hx-(Cl)X
MOLECULAR WEIGHT:
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:'
TJDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS:
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS:
FLASH POINT/CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER:
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No.0010 (Extraction-GC/MS) or No. 8081(Extraction, GC/ECD)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Complex Mixture
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
These compounds are mixtures and are difficult to quantitate.
SOLUTIONS:
' :f >,
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 149 DATE OF LATEST ENTRY:
COMPOUND: Polycyclic Organic Matter
09/27/90
CAS REGISTRY NO:
FORMULA:
MOLECULAR WEIGHT:
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? N
APPENDIX 9? N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS:
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS:
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER:
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD:
ANALYSIS METHOD:
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S)
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
Mill ' '"
.'w.ti Jin IIP; ii fill
-'"ill : . . " ,1.1!
RECORD NUMBER:
150
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 06/13/91
COMPOUND:
;*r
1,3-Propane suitone
CAS REGISTRY' No: 1120-71-4
|C)R^ULA: C3-H6-03-S.
'- ISLE;CULAR WEIGHT: 122.15
(gMPOUND CLASS:
IpPENipIX^sf^'Y^ "" APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 5
UDRI THERMALSTABILITY RANKING: 230
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
BOILING PQIN'T, CELSIUS:
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS:
F^LASH , POINTf CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 106 G/L
180 (at 30 nun)
31
HlAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
* . ,,' i "><'' Ljiiii ' ,
SAMPLING METHOD:, SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:" '' , " , , .,. [
?PrGC/FID and GC/MS analysis methods, see "POHC Analysis Methods for
Hazardous Waste Incineration" Vol. 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037c).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
! ' ;'!i!| : ',, ' , "" .. ,;=:{ , . ;" : i' , .;,..:'ซ
.",ซ . , . '. . , ,.,'. " * i " ' ' ; . ' : .
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
558
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/12/89
Propene, 3-chloro-
Allyl chloride
CAS REGISTRY NO: 107-05-1
FORMULA: C3-H5-(C1)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 76.53
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990?
.UDRI THERMAL STABILITY-CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 45.1
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -134
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: -32.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 100 mg/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 76
440.80
TOXICITY DATA: Irritant
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Thermal Desorption/Purge and Trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
151
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 06/13/91
b-Propiolactone
beta-Propiolactone
2-oxetonone
CAS REGISTRY NO: 57-57-8
FORMULA: C3-H4-02
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 72.06
COMPOUND CLASS: Human Carcinogen
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL- STABILITY CLASS :
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 162 DECOMP
ftELTiNG'POlfT,; CELSIUS: ' -33.4
;|LASH POINT 4" CELSIUS: ' '70.0
IN WATER: 37%
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990?
DATA: High toxicity.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 NO. 0010 . (MM5)
"if1 / ; ;;aii ". | ,ป, . ; ' , "
...ANALYSIS ' METJIOD:
Sw-846 No. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS)
,,!l, '' ' ป " , '111 I ; , '.;,i ...... , ..... , I , ," , .T',' ' , I ' " ,, I,, "
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analysis
Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Water Soluble
Incompatlability
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
This compound, upon heat decomposition emits acrid smoke and fumes. It is
incompatiable with acetates, halogens, thyocyanates, and thiosulfates.
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
152
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY:
06/13/91
Prop i ona1dehyde
Propyl aldehyde
Proponal
CAS REGISTRY NO: 123-38-6
FORMULA: C3-H6-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 58.08
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 48
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -81
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: -26.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 200 g/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 0.002
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Moderate toxicity.
SAMPLING METHOD: DNPH impinger
ANALYSIS METHOD:
HPLC/UV
VALIDATION STATUS:
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Reactive
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
Derivatized with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine
-------
'if I"
RECORD NUMBER:
153
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/28/90
COMPOUND:
Prppoxur
Baygon
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
ibAS REGISTRY NO: "114-26-1
FORMULA:" C11-H15-N-O3"
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 209.24
COMPOUND CLASS: Carb^mate Pesticide
APPENDIX s? N APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS:
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 91.5
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 0.2%
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
r ' 11; " ป" , , ' ' ' " ,!:
TOXICITY DATA: High toxicity
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8318 (HPLC/UV)
VALIDATION STATUS:
! . , i\ , ' " . ' i, :. - . ' ' -:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
'. * ..I"*. . n ' '' ,.n," , i,
:i '! ,,'11 ' :' , '' ' - .'" i " , I' ' . ;"l:il
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Reactive
I - . y ^i:' ;i'i-v: - .' ' ". > ''. .ซ'; ' ., ' :. .;|
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Heat decomposition of this compound emits highly toxic NOx fumes. It is
unstable in alkaline media.
f. '"'" ' . f'i'ii ' . ;\ i ' .; , . ' /: , ' ' , i ;;
SOLUTIONS:
i:!'! ฃ!*:, I !
, iii:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
154
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/28/90
I,2-Propyleneimine
2-Methylaziridine
CAS REGISTRY NO: 75-55-8
FORMULA: C3-H7-N
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 57.10
COMPOUND CLASS: Flammable Liquid.
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 5 -
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 243
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 66
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -65
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:. -15.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER:
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 124
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
9.09
TOXICITY DATA: High toxicity. An experimental carcinogen.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Thermal desorption/purge and trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Reactive
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Heat decomposition of this compound emits toxic fumes of NOx.
with oxidizing materials.
SOLUTIONS:
It can react
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
155
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 06/13/91
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
COMPOUND: p'ropylene oxide
1,2-propylene oxide
CAS REGISTRY NO: 75-56-9
FORMULA: C3-H6-0
MOLECULAR WE|GHT: 58.08
COMPOUND CLASS: Flammable Liquid.
APPENDIX 8? ฐN ' ' APPENDIX 9? N :
'UDRI THERMALSTABILITY CLASS: " .
UDRI THERMALSTABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 34.23
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -112
FLASH POINT,- CELSIUS: -37.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 20%
IJEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 0.124
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Moderate toxicity via oral, inhalation, & dermal route.
SAMPLING METHOD: Tedlar bag or SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
'* " ' , Mi* ; ,-' . ' .. : , : ซ . ,. , !" S1 ' ^ ','.!" ' ' : '" . ' ; (. !"
ANALYSIS METIfpD: ,- " , ' " ;
S'|j-84| No. 5040 (Thermal desorption/purge and trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Reactive
Water'Soluble
:. ,., , :.,:[j ', ',; ' : , ' ' ' f' ' : '.' 3 >'
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
A severe explosion hazard when exposed to flame. Can react violently with
oxidizing materials.
SOLUTIONS: "": :
'i1 1!
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 156
COMPOUND: Quinoline
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 06/13/91
CAS REGISTRY NO: 91-22-5
FORMULA: C9-H7-N
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 129.16
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 113.5
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -15
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 101.0
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 60 g/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 1123.5
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: High - moderate toxicity via oral and dermal routes.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Toxic
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
When heated to decomposition, this compound emits toxic -fumes of NOx.
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
157
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 06/13/91
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
Quinone
1,4-Benzoquinone
CAS REGISTRY NO: 106-51-4
.;fp|wyLA:" Cjj-H4-b2
IOLE'CULAR WEIGHT: ' 108.10
Cp|p6yND CLASS': Ketqne
APPENDIX 8?: 'ฐ'N p _ " APPENDIX 9? N
'&" ,' ; '!>,, ,,"' ';i.I ,'''' : :''%.' !'"; ,'', : '1 ..in'-1"1 . ": ' '';''- '
IJDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL" STABILiTY RANKING:
;':5; ' fi|l! j ; >,:. 'I . . ; "". ; v::|i, . ,
IptLlkG POlilf,1 CELSIUS: Sublimes
WELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 114
ILASH POINT, CELSIUS: 33-93
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: SLIGHTLY
SIP I! ,( II i' V' III, . ' ' ' . . " . ' '
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 656.6
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: High toxicity. Vapors can cause cornซa damage.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
(. , 1, "III I .," ".' '' ! , , ' . ,
ANALYSIS METHOD:
RPLC/Electrochemical detector.
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Reactive
, ,: nl. Toxic
"DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Incompatiable with strong oxidizers.
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 158 DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 06/13/91
COMPOUND: Radionuclides (including Radon)
Radon
CAS REGISTRY NO: 10043-92-2
FORMULA: Rn
MOLECULAR WEIGHT:
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: -618
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -71
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 224 CC/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: ' .
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: EPA Methods 111, 114, and 115
ANALYSIS METHOD:
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
159
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 06/13/91
COMPOUND: Selenium and compounds, N.O.S.
Selenium
CAS REGISTRY NO: 7782-49-2
FORMULA: Se
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 78.96
COMPOUND CLASS: Metal
APPENDIX 8? Y
"
APPENDIX 9? Y
CLEAN AIR ACT, OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRi fHERI^AlJ STABILITY RANKING:
684.8
217
, .
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS:
LTING POllJT, CELSIUS:
H POINT < ....... CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: INSOL
l|" "' "
Git
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: :
,,,,,i .11 ; > ' '"ii,, , ' ,.;', ii,ii i'ii'
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 Draft Method No. 0012 (Multiple Metals Train)
,;i: ,. , '',,;' .,' I ;' ;. , , ,'\ ... , ; .,, [;, ; .. ^ T ,;, t. r , ,;. - \,; *,.;; -:;
ANALYSIS METHOD: , , ,', ' ', '"
|w-846 DraftMethod No.0012 (Acid digestion-Atomic ซpectroscopy)
':,'!' , ' i,,,i',, 'II , ' ' ' " ' ' ' 'i , ' ,,i i I" 'I R Sit '
VALIDATION STATUS:
For method evaluation, see "Measurement Methodology for Toxic Metals from
Municipal Waste Combustors", Paper 5C-1, International! Conference on
Municipal Waste Combustors, Hollywood, FL, April, 19SI9.
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
,f
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND: Styrene
160
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 06/13/91
CAS REGISTRY NO: 100-42-5
FORMULA: C8-H8
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 104.15
COMPOUND CLASS: Aromatic hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? Y - APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 145
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -31
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 31.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: SPARINGLY
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 29
1047.10
TOXICITY DATA: Irritant
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
'VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Blank
Blank
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
The usual sorbent for Method 0010 is-XAD-2 resin which is a
styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer. Styrene monomer may also be present in
the resin and may result in a blank problem.
SOLUTIONS:
A different sorbent should be substituted for XAD-2. Two possible
candidates are Tenax, which would require extraction with pentane or
hexane, and XAD-7, which is an acrylic resin. Extraction efficiencies.need
to be validated before these modifications are accepted.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
161
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 06/13/91
Styrene oxide
1,2-Epoxyethylbenzene
Plienylethylene oxide
CAS" REGISTRY NO: " '96-09-3
FORMULA: "" CS-'HS'-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 120.15
COMPOUND CLASS:
8? N APPENDIX 9? N
i i; r r 'CLEAN AIR "ACT OF ,i9?o? Y/'r'
U,DRI THERMAL, STABILITY CLASS:
U,^RJ'" THERMAL ^'STABILITY RANKING: ' ' , '" '.'',' : , !,''...
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 194
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -37
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 79.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 2.8 g/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
'", ' ' ,]..." '"i'f :' ' ",' . .-," '" T- .;'"'' :- ' ; : - ''''. '
TOXICITY DATA: High toxicity via inhalation. Experimental carcinogen.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 Np. OplO (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Reactive
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Can react with oxidizing metals.
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
162
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 06/13/91
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
TCDD
CAS REGISTRY NO: 1746-01-6
FORMULA: C12-H4-(C1)4-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 321.98
COMPOUND CLASS: Dioxin
-APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9?
UDRI THERMAL'STABILITY CLASS: i
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: > 700
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 305
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 0.2 UG/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
34
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD:
SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5), Alt. EPA Draft Method 23
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8280, Draft 8290 (Extraction, GC/MS), EPA Draft 23
VALIDATION STATUS:
For GC/FID and GC/MS analysis methods, see "POHC Analysis Methods for
Hazardous Waste Incineration" Vol. 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037c).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Toxic
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
May be highly toxic. Analysis is costly and difficult, often requiring
high resolution GC/MS.
Also, extraction efficiency is suspect if carbon level of particulate is
high.
SOLUTIONS:
Follow-up extraction and probe rinse with toluene may be necessary.
The use of EPA Draft Method 23 is required for Municipal Waste
Incinerators, but contains less stringent spike recovery QC than method
0010. Thus it may not be completely acceptable for hazardous waste
incinerator ORE determinations. '
IT
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
163
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 06/13/91
COMPOUND:
it!1 I
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
REGISTRY NO: 79-34-5
fpRMULA: '' C2-H2-(Cl)4
MOLJ^CTJLAR WEIGHT: -167.84
COMPOUND CLjCsS: Chlorinated hydrocarbon
APPENDIXs? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990?
i" ; " . . \-ilii ., . 'r' I' . . i. I-' " : , ซ!"' r ' ' ,,' ' -
UDRI THERMALSTABILITY CLASS:' 4
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 121
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 146.2 (at 760 mm) .
MELTING EJOINJ?, CELSIUS: -36
FLASH POINT,CELSIUS: NON-FLAM
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Sparingly sol 3G/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 105
233.00
TOXICITY DATA: Powerful narcotic; liver poison
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 ( Extract ion-GC/MS)
' . . .
SjATUS : ,' " ' ' ' " ' .,,' " .' , ' ;' ' , l
The MM5 method for ฃhis compound is fully validated, both in the lab and in
%e ฃi,Sld.v See "Laboratory and Field Evaluation of the Semi-VOST Method".
(EPA/600/4-85/075a, Nov., 1985) and "An Evaluation of the Semi-VOST Method"
JAPCA 37, 1067-1074, (1987).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
'!:,' ." "lilJl!
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
164
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 06/13/91
Tetrachloroethy1ene
Perchloroethylene
CAS REGISTRY NO: 127-18-4
FORMULA: C2-(C1)4
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 165.80
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated hydrocarbon
APPENDIX-8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990?
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 2
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
36
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS:
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS:
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: NONE
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 150 MG/L
121 (at 760 mm)
-19
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 199.00
COMBUSTION RANKING: 112
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST), SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040, Draft Method 5041 or SW-846 No. 8270
VALIDATION STATUS:
VOST method has been validated for this compound. See "Validation Studies
of the Protocol for the VOST", JAPCA 37, 388-394 (1987).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
'U
/
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
ฃ' '" ..'' ".,, "
COMPOUND:
165
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY:
06/13/91
' 111 r tili I , l ,,', I1- "I ," I I .
Tetrachloromethane
Carbon tetrachloride
CAS REGISTRY NO: 56-23-5
FORMULA: C-(C1)4
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 153.84
COMPOUNDCLASS: Chlorinated hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 4
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 136
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 77
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -23 '
FLASH POINT;CELSIUS: NON-FLAM
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Slightly sol
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
,,,|i|J!:'' : '! ! , '." ', ,|,' "LI njjjj ' ''"',.,. ' " ' . ',',,<'
TOXICITY DATA:
i'1 i.' , , '. j't! '" ' '" ' . ij.' '' ' "
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Thermal Desorption/Purge and Trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
The VOST method has been validated for this compound (See "Validation
Studies of the Protocol for the VOST", JAPCA
Vol. 23, No.4, 388-394, 1987). (Also see "Recovery of POHCs and PICs
a VOST", EPA-600/7-86-025.)
from
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTIONOF PROBLEMS:
Slightly soluble (6.08 g/100 g water)
SOLUTIONS:
t , : -iS !, Jj Ill,'
, illiii i ....... in .' " dikii! -I it .......... i ..... iii, ;/i , ...... : iiJill : '. i i" :,i 't ...... '-'j., ": ;' iii;, ..... il j.i \ ...... ,;!'ii;i jli ..... a1 ; 'ihiii: si; ....... i J, lil; ..... 1f;i .", !{.' , ' .iffiiii ,,, 'lij, ,:. ;i- : ;i ., ,ii[.;l ,' : .: . ..... iiilj' ,. .n ....... " ':' . i:, ' :,- . it ji'i. ' , .:, :( jii ..... -,; , , . i1,; ' tS, , ': ' ,;i, '! !:Jli.ii:;!i:i, ttiii'!' ' !j; .....
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 166 DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 06/13/91
COMPOUND: Titanium tetrachloride
Titanium (IV) chloride
CAS REGISTRY NO: 7550-45-0
FORMULA: Ti(Cl)4
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 189.71
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: ' '
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 136.4
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -24.1
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 7
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: SOL
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: High toxicity. Irritant to skin. Highly corrosive.
SAMPLING METHOD: M Metals train
ANALYSIS METHOD:
ICP AAS
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
This compound will react violently with potassium.
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND: Toluene
167
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/25/90
CAS REGISTRY NO: ios-88-3
FORMULA: C7-H8
MOLECULAR,..WEIGHT: , .. 92.15
COMPOUND CLASS: Aromatic hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8f Y APPENDIX 9? N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 2
UDRI THERMAE STABILITY RANKING:
35
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 110.6 (at 760 mm)
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -95
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 4.40
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Very slightly sol
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 33
935.00
TOXICITY DATA: Narcotic in high concentrations
' , ' , ' i; ' , i!" ' , ' ,,"", ' !.ii" .', ni '! . :ih, " ' ' " ! .i"i| ;,''
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No-. 0030 (VOST) or SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
.t , . >, .'I ,- : " .:' .;,. '',," :, , ' , i1 ; ",' '
.ANALYSIS'"METHOD: . . . ' . ' ' ; '' ' "^ ' ' '"' , ',',
SW-846 Np. 5040, Draft Method 5041 or SW-846 No. 8270
; .'''" ' ' ซ "' |ll!j , ' , " : i ,, ' \' ;'"' ,i, ;, ,, ,',!! ijj!!.,;"
VALIDATION STATUS: " :"" ,' '' ''"','. ' "" " ,'"'
thiscompound has been validated using both the VOST and MM5 trains. See
^Recovery of Principal Organic Hazardous Constituents and Products of
Incomplete Combustion from a Volatile Organic Sampling Train"
(EPA-600/7-86-025). Also see "Laboratory and Field Evaluation of the
Semi-VOST Method" (EPA-600/4-85-075a) and "An Evaluation of the Semi-VOST
Method for Determining Emissions from Hazardous Waste Incinerators".JAPCA
37, 1067-1074, (1988).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
'hi ' . ' ' "I'll! ' ' "' ' ' " I* ' I
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Blank
IDESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Blank problem with Tenax, generally less severe than similar benzene
problem. Toluene is a common PIC. This may complicate interpretation of
results, and make it difficult to achieve acceptable DRE with low waste
feed concentrations.
SOLUTIONS:
Level of lab blanks should be determined in advance. Calculations should
be made based on waste feed concentration to determine if blanks level will
be a significant problem. Toluene should not be chosen as a POHC at very
low waste feed levels likely to make the blank for PIC problems
significant. When sampling toluene with Method 0010 and analyzing by
GC/MS, it isimperative that deuterated toluene be spiked before extraction
in order todocument recovery. The low boiling point of toluene makes it
easy to lose during extraction and subsequent concentration steps.
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 168
COMPOUND: Toluene diisocyanate
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 06/13/91
CAS REGISTRY NO: 584-84-9
FORMULA: C9-H6-N2-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 174.11
COMPOUND CLASS: Isocyanate
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9?
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
N
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 251 (at 760 mm)
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 19.5-21.5
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 132.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: REACTS
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 0.0329
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Cause allergic eczema and bronchial asthma
SAMPLING METHOD: Impinger
ANALYSIS METHOD:
HPLC/UV
VALIDATION STATUS:
No validated sampling method identified.
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S) : Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE (S) : Reactive
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Reacts with water with evolution of carbon dioxide. Must be rapidly
converted to stable derivatives to eliminate possibility of undesirable
side reactions prior to analysis.
SOLUTIONS :
A nitro reagent absorber solution reacts with isocyanates to form stable
urea derivatives which are detected by UV absorption at 254 nm after HPLC
separation. See "Determination of Isocyanates in Working Atmospheres by
High Speed Liquid Chromatography" Analytical Chemistry, 48, 497-499,
(1976) .
A status sheet on isocyanate sampling is available from the Source
Methods Standardization Branch.
-------
';; ; , ' ~. " '> i fj.
RECORD NUMBER: 169 DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 06/13/91
.- P; '','," ' ; I ;: ' .' '. "' '.'"' .''" i" -i ' "
COMPOUND: q-Toluidine
2-AMINOTOLUENE
CAS REGISTRY NO: 95-53-4
FORMULA: C7-H9-N
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 107.16
COMPOUND CLASS: Aromatic amine
AWENDIX" 8? Y APPENDIX 9? N CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
I: 1.-".',. :": .'.i'i, :..,'.. \:~:: ^i' ' ' . ! $ ' '-* ..-
UDRI T^HERMAL STABILITY CLASS: . - .
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 200 '
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -28
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 85.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Slightly sol
I;, i ',,|lil|ป , ' Mil I,',.'";,, ^ , M
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 964.30
COMBUSTION RANKING: 3ฑ
TOXICITY DATA: Highly toxic; irritant
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS'"METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
for HPLC/UV analysis method, see "POHC Analysis Methods for Hazardous
Ihcirieration" Vol. 1, Part 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037b).
, ' ' I ""!' fl - i " ' " , ' , ' '.ป '''.,' ' '!!"
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTIONOF PROBLEMS:
t'' IF'"1
Waste
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
634
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/12/91
p-Toluidine, alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropy1
Trifluralin
Treflan
CAS REGISTRY NO: 1582-09-8
FORMULA: C13-H16-F3-N3-O4
MOLECULAR WEIGHT:
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? N
335.3
PESTICIDE
APPENDIX 9?
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: "-
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 139.5
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 48.5
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: NON-FLAM
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
170
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 06/13/91
COMPOUND: Toxaphene
Chlorinated Camphene
PAS REGISTRYNO: 8001-35-2
FORMULA: Cl6-H10-(Cl)8
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 413.so
CipMPpUND CLASS: Organochlorine pesticide
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
J P' I ' , 'I;!!!!! j1 ";V ; . ' ,:'. , ' "'> ( ',;. ;'" | ;: ' ' '"_.' '
ilDRl THER^iAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
10ILING POINT, CELSIUS: 155 DECOMP
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 65-90
FLASHPOINT,CELSIUS: 135
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 3 MG/L
MEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAVMOLE: '
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: sw-846 NO. oolo (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 or 8250 (Extraction, GC/MS) or 8080 (GC/ECD)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Analysis
i; , ' " I : , - , . , . ;; ; '
SPECIFIC PRQBLEM TYPE(S): Decomposition
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Decomposes at 155 degrees centigrade.
Cautionwatch temperature in port area.
This is a multicomponent analyte.
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 171 DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 06/13/91
COMPOUND: 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
CAS REGISTRY NO: 120-82-1
FORMULA: C6-H3-(C1)3
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: . 181.40
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? N CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 1 -
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 26
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 213.5 (at 760 mm)
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 16.95
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 110.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: INSOL 19 PPM
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 or 8250 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
172
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 06/13/91
1,1,l-Trlchloroethane
Methyl Chloroform
CAS REGISTRY NO: 71-55-6
fpRMULA: C|-H3-(C1)3
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 133.40
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AJR ACT OF 1990?
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 5
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 201
, 'I I IR , I'' ป "" i' ' '',! "
BOILING POIiT, CELSIUS: 74.1 (at 760 mm)
MELTING POINT, CEtSIUS: -30.41
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: NONE
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: INSOL
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 0.0195
COMBUSTION SANKING:
"
'TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD:
SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Thermal Desorption/Purge and Trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
' ' '
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Hazardous
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Toxic
DESCRIPTION1 "OF PROBLEMS': i ' ' ' _'/ i '' '"' " ' '
Decomposes at high temperature or under ultraviolet radiation to produce
and corrosive materials such as phosgene and hydrogen chloride.
SOLUTIONS:
' ill
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 173 DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 06/13/91
COMPOUND: 1/1,2-Tri chloroethane
CAS REGISTRY NO: 79-00-5
FORMULA: C2-H3-(C1)3
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 133.40
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? Y. APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 4
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 158
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 113.8 (at 760 mm)
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -36.50
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: NONE
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Insol
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE;
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST) or No, 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040, Draft Method 5041 or SW-846 No. 8270
VALIDATION STATUS:
Recovery from the VOST train has been demonstrated. See "Development of
the VOST for use in Determining Incinerator Efficiency", Hazardous and
Industrial Solid Waste Testing;
Fourth Symposium, ASTM STP 886, pp. 335-343. (1986).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): . ' '
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
SB'
RECORD NUMBER:
174
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 06/13/91
COMPOUND:
Trichloroethene
Trichloroethylene
QAS REGISTRY NO: 79-01-6
FORMULA: C2-H-(C1)3
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 131.38
COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y .CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990?
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY'CLASS: 2
UDRI THERMALSTABILITY RANKING: .
41
BOILING POIlff, CELSIUS: 87 (at 760 mm)
tifeLTING I>OINT, CELSIUS: -73
FLASH POINT,CELSIUS: NON-FLAM
SOLUBILITY, INWATER: 1.1 MG/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING: 108"
229.00
TOXICITY DATA: , Slightly sol
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 Np. 0030 (VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
St-846 No. 5040 or 'Draft 5041 (Therm Desorp/Purge and Trap-GC/MS)
i,1,;,,, .. ..... ; i " ji] ' ' ';} i " : ...... i.1:,,tv :>, " > ' , : \ri g ,
^LiDATioN "STATUS : "" . ", " ' t ." ' ' ! '[.} ,' ' '' M '.'j ; ' ' ',",' '!':!
Recovery from VOST train has been demonstrated. See "Development of the
VOST for use in Determining Incinerator Efficiency", Hazardous and
Industrial Sglid Waste Testing: Fourth Symposium, ASTM STP 886 pp. 335-343
(1986) and "Recovery of POHCs and PICs f fom 'a "VOST" , EPA-600/7-86-025 .
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE (S) V
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S)
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS
Slightly soluble
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 175 DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 06/13/91
COMPOUND: 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol
CAS REGISTRY NO: 95-95-4
FORMULA: C6-H3-(C1) 3-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 197.44
COMPOUND CLASS: Phenol
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 4
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING: 121
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 253 (at 760 mm)
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 68
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: NON-FLAM
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 1.2 G/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA:
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
For GC/FID, GC/MS, and HPLC/UV analysis methods, see "POHC Analysis Methods
for Hazardous Waste Incineration" Vol. 1, Parts 1 and 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037a
and EPA-600/8-87-037b).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
o
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
176
COMPOUND: 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 06/13/91
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
,'', ' i ,,' i:,ir"''ป rii! : : -,, ;:'. in
CAS REGISTRY NO: 88-06-2
fpRMJlA: C6-H3-(C1)3-0
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 197.44
COMPOUND CLASS: Phenol
APPENDIX"8? Y ' ""APPENDIX 9? Y
il 'i' , i'Vl>fi';:||,'F > '!'-'''"!;", ' '' ,, ., , "
UJ3RI "THERMAli STABILITY CLASS:'- 4 " '
UDRI THERMAirSTAliLITY ''RANKING:"" 121 _'"" | ; ' i '
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 246 (at 760 mm)
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 69.5
ILASS POINT, CELSIUS:" NON-FLAM
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: o.s" G/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTlbN, KCAL/MOLE: .
COMBUSTION RANKING:
"if .'i t , i'i;1l ' ' ' ;'' ' '!''," ;, '. ' ' ' . ~-
TOXICITY DATA: Cancer suspect agent
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD: ' "
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction, GC/MS)
W..-\" :, '* '' 1'ii .i'*-" . . ; > ':'' : !' "" ' ! , ' ". ''' ' ' ' '$'
VALIDATION STATUS:
F(or GC/FIp and GC/MS analysis methods, see "POHC Analysis Methods for
Hazardous WasteIncineration" Vol. 1, Part 2 (EPA-600/8-87-037b).
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S). :
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 177
COMPOUND: Triethylamine
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/28/90
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
CAS REGISTRY NO: 121-44-8
FORMULA: C6-H15-N
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 101.19
COMPOUND CLASS: Amine
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 89.5
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -115
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: -6
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 5.5%
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 1036.8
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: High toxicity via oral & inhalation routes. Moderate via skin.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Thermal desorption/purge and trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
. Analysis
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): ..Reactive
Water Soluble
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Compound is soluble in water. Therefore purge efficiency may be poor.
SOLUTIONS:
Keep away from heat or open flame.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
178
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 06/13/91
CLEAN AIR ACP OF 1990? Y
?,2,4-Trimethylpentane
Isooctane
CAS REGISTRY NO: 540-84-1
IORMULA: (CHS )2-c-H-c-H2-c(CHS)3
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 114.23
COMPOUND CLASS: i
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
UN !' ':, ' i, , , ,i , ,!>., .... ,. fill'i ,! , ,
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: . '
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:,
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 98.5
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -107
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: -7.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Insol.
!'. ; li'iii j ' . i ' . ' , . ' ." it ' ,
HEAT QF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 1303.9
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Moderate toxicity via oral and inhalation routes.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
!'"' .' " I i I!!!!1!!! i , . .' * ,' ,- - , "i ,r
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Thermal desorption/purge and trap-GC/MSJ
.VALIDATION STATUS: ' ' ' ' ' .."''.
.11 < "' ,: /! i . ' , : ', ii;' '
j;I', I,! ,|i[, j;i< i ii , , n,; , " i
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM.TYPE(S): Reactive -
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS: .. 7 ,; _ ,is , ,
Highly flammable, keep away from heat and open flame,. This compound can
react violently with reducing material's.
.': ' , '"" ill " *" ! i' ' ,. ' * 'i ': 'ii ' ' ,',s
SOLUTIONS:
4i
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
179
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/28/90
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
Vinyl acetate
Ethenylethanoate
CAS REGISTRY NO: 108-05-4
FORMULA: C4-H6-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 86.09
COMPOUND CLASS:
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: - -
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 72.5
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -93
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: -6.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 25 g/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: A carcinogen. Moderate toxicity.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040 (Purge and trap-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Reactive
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS: ...
When heated to decomposition, this compound emits acrid fumes. It
polymerizes to -solid on exposure to light. It is flammable and reacts with
oxidizing materials.
SOLUTIONS:
r, .A
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
180
COMPOUND: Vinyl bromide
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/28/90
CAS REGISTRY NO: 593-60-2
FORMULA: ' 'C2-H3-Br'
MOLECULAR"WEIGHT: ' 104-96
gdMPOufb "cuvfs:
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMALSTABILITY RANKING:
i, ; , ' , , Mi; !,n '"' . ...
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 16
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -139
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS:
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Insol.
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXiCITY DATA: High toxicity via oral route.
SAMPLING METHOD: Method 106
ANALYSIS METOD:
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
" !'?' ' 'i'1 ' il!'1 '
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Reactive
DESCRIPTION .OF, PROBLEMS.;, , ........... ' ............ '
Heat decomposition of this compound emits highly toxic Br fumes.
react violently with oxidizing materials and is flammable.
' ' ' " " "
It can
,
SO
, ซ, .
IONS :
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
669
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/12/91
COMPOUND:
Vinyl chloride
Chloroethene
CAS REGISTRY NO: 75-01-4
FORMULA: C2-H3-(C1)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 62.50
.COMPOUND CLASS: Chlorinated hydrocarbon
APPENDIX 8? Y APPENDIX 9? Y CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990?
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS: 2
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
60
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: -13.37 (at 760 mm)
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -153
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 78.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Slightly sol
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Flammable; listed as a carcinogen by the EPA
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0030 (VOST), sampling bag or M 106
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 5040, Draft Method 5041, GC/MS after bag samp or M 106
VALIDATION STATUS:
The VOST method has been validated for this compound (see "Validation
Studies of the Protocol for the VOST", JAPAC Vol. 37, NO. 4, 388-394,
1987). However, recoveries were poor for low levels and for wet
conditions. Also see "Recovery of POHCs and PICs From a VOST",
EPA-600/7-86-025 and "Development of the VOST for use in Determining
Incinerator Efficiency", Hazardous and Industrial Solid Waste Testina-
Fourth Symposium, ASTM STP 386 pp335-343 (1986) . ' '
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S): Sampling
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S): Breakthrough
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Slightly soluble in water. Very volatile. May need bag or modified VOST
conditions. Boiling point is well below limit of 30 C for optmium VOST
performance. Thus, breakthrough is possible if care is not taken.
SOLUTIONS:
Samples need to be analyzed as soon after sampling as possible to prevent
losses. As an alternative method, bag sampling may be used.
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
181
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/28/90
CLEAN AIR ACE OF 1990? Y
COMPOUND: Xylene
Xylenes (mixed o-, m- and p- isomers)
!' ' . ' l\ ' , '" ' ' " ''
CAS REGISTRY NO: 1313-02-07
FORMULA: " C6-H4(CH3)2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: ioe.i?
COMPOUND CL&SS: Flammable liquid
APPENDIX s? N .APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAif STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 140
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -47.9
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 29.0
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: Insol.
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 1090.0
COMBUSTION RANKING:
'J1'" , .1 , ,' ii|,i ' ,, ,| : ./'
TOXICITY DATA: Moderate toxicity. May be narcotic in high concentrations,
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
: : fi ' .,,," :
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
I " Vj! '.," '!.i '
DESCRIPTION OF PROB,LEMS:
Incompatiblewith strong oxidizers.
SOLUTIONS:
4'Sir
-------
RECORD NUMBER: 182 DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/28/90
COMPOUND: m-Xylene
1,3-Dimethylbenzene
CAS REGISTRY NO: 108-38-3
FORMULA: C8-H10
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 106.17
COMPOUND CLASS: Flammable Liquid
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY' CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 138.5
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS:
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 25.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER:
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Moderate toxicity.
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
This compound is flammable and incompatiable with strong oxidizers.
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
183
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/28/90
p-Xylene
1,2-Dimethylbenzene
CAS REGISTRY NO: 95-47-6
fORMULA: C8-H10
pLECULAR' WEIGHT: ' 106.17
CpM'ppufb ClSSs:" Flammable Liquid
APPENDIX" &'i N APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
ffDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT,CELSIUS: 144
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: -24
FLASHPOINT; CELSIUS: 32.00
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 175 mg/L
HEAT OF CpMBfJSTION, KCAL/MOLE: 1091.7
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TpXIcfTY/DA-fA: ' Moderate Toxicity.
SAMPLING MET&OD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
,i. , !'. ,; Nil ' '", '
IN^LYSIS MET|O'D: " '! '
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S) :
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
This compound is flammable and incompatable with strong oxidizers.
SOLUTIONS:
-------
RECORD NUMBER:
COMPOUND:
184
DATE OF LATEST ENTRY: 09/28/90
p-Xylene
1,4-Dimethylbenzene
CAS REGISTRY NO: 106-42-3
FORMULA: C8-H10
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 106.17
COMPOUND CLASS: Flammable Liquid
APPENDIX 8? N APPENDIX 9? N
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY CLASS:
UDRI THERMAL STABILITY RANKING:
BOILING POINT, CELSIUS: 138
MELTING POINT, CELSIUS: 12.5
FLASH POINT, CELSIUS: 27.0
SOLUBILITY, IN WATER: 198 mg/L
HEAT OF COMBUSTION, KCAL/MOLE:
COMBUSTION RANKING:
TOXICITY DATA: Moderate toxicity."
SAMPLING METHOD: SW-846 No. 0010 (MM5)
ANALYSIS METHOD:
SW-846 No. 8270 (Extraction-GC/MS)
VALIDATION STATUS:
CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1990? Y
GENERAL PROBLEM TYPE(S):
SPECIFIC PROBLEM TYPE(S):
DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS:
Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizers,
SOLUTIONS:
-------
,* !!: -;,
ii
"% i'Si
-------
1. REPORT NO.
TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)
EPA-450/4-91-021
2.
3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION NO.
t. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
Screening Methods For The Development of Air Toxics
Emission Factors
5. REPORT DATE
September 1991
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
7. AUTHOR(S)
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO
Joan T. Bursey
9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADORES
Radian Corporation
P.O. Box 13000
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO. .
68D90054
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
Final
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
Under this program, the literature has been surveyed to determine the applicability
of existing^methodology. The primary goal was to use methodology app1?cab e to the
rea?f^t?nn ?h f T^8 "sted 1" the Clean Air Act Amendments m Sith ?he full
sens t?v ?v H * ฐ^ C0^ra9e ^ a methodology may require some sacrifice of
sensitivity and accuracy. The need for validation of proposed methodologies has
on ?hP S?"12eJ- Ass19nmenVf analytes to a specific methodology have been mtde
on the basis of previous validation studies and/or physical properties (available
rฐtieS ' the Clean Air Act lisTare fupp?ied in an
.
for the sampling and analysis procedures' is presented. mrormation on cost
7.
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Toxic Air Pollutants
Measurements
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Analytical Techniques
Screening Methods
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