&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Solid Waste And
Emergency Response
5401G
EPA510-B-00-008
August 2000
www.epa.gov
Operating And
Maintaining
Underground Storage
Tank Systems
Practical Help And
Checklists
Printed on Recycled Paper
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Contents
How to Use This Booklet 1
Section 1 Identifying The Equipment At Your UST Facility ... 3
Section 2 Release Detection 5
Section 3 Suspected Or Confirmed Releases .... .... 21
Section 4 Spill And Overfill Protection 24
Section 5 Corrosion Protection 34
Section 6 Frequent Walk-Through Inspections ........ 42
Section 7 For More Information 44
DISCLAIMER
This document provides information on operating
and maintaining underground storage tank (UST)
systems. The document is not a substitute for U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency regulations nor is it
a regulation itself it does not impose legally
binding requirements.
For regulatory requirements regarding UST systems,
refer to the Federal regulations governing UST
systems (40 CFR Part 280).
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How To Use This Booklet
Who should read this booklet?
This booklet is for owners and operators of
underground storage tank systems (USTs).
You are responsible for making sure your USTs do not
leak. This booklet can help you meet your UST
responsibilities.
What can this booklet help you do?
Identify and understand the operation and
maintenance (O&M) procedures you need to follow
routinely to make sure your USTs don't have leaks
that damage the environment or endanger human
health.
Identify good O&M procedures you can use to avoid
cleanup costs and liability concerns.
Maintain useful records of your O&M.
Key Terms Used In This
Booklet
An UST is an underground
storage tank and
underground piping
connected to the tank that has
at least 10 percent of its
combined volume underground.
The federal regulations apply
only to USTs storing petroleum
or certain hazardous
substances.
O&M stands for operation and
maintenance procedures that
must be followed to keep USTs
from causing leaks and creating
costly cleanups.
Your UST system is "new" or "upgraded" is that enough?
Being "new" or "upgraded" is not enough. New and upgraded USTs are made of a complex
collection of mechanical and electronic devices that can fail under certain conditions. These
failures can be prevented or quickly detected by following routine O&M procedures. Having a
new or upgraded UST system is a good start, but the system must be properly operated and
continuously maintained to ensure that leaks are avoided or quickly detected.
What should you do with each section of this booklet?
Read through each section
carefully and use the checklists
to help you establish clear O&M
procedures.
By identifying and understanding
the O&M tasks you need to
perform routinely, you will ensure
timely repair or replacement of
components when problems are
identified.
HAVE You
CHECKED
YOUR
TODAY?
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 1
-------
How can you use the following checklists effectively?
This booklet's pages are 3-hoIe punched and unbound so you can put all the materials in a
handy 3-ring binder. You can easily remove any of the following checklists from the binder,
reproduce them, and then fill them out.
You can select the specific mix of checklists that matches your UST facility. Once you have
your select group of checklists together, make several copies that you can fill out periodically
overtime.
In this way you can keep track of your O&M activities and know that you've done what was
necessary to keep your UST site safe and clean, avoiding any threats to the environment or
nearby people as a result of costly and dangerous UST releases.
Use this booklet often effective O&M requires constant vigilance.
Note: This booklet describes quality O&M practices put together by a work group of
State and Federal environmental regulators. This booklet is not a federal regulation
nor legally binding, but it does provide useful information on effective O&M
procedures. You should check with your State UST program for information on any
additional or different O&M practices that may be required in your State.
See Section 7 for contact information.
Want to help improve this
O&M Manual?
We want to continually improve this
O&M Manual with your help!
Send us your feedback.
Let us know if you find any errors,
think something needs to be added or
deleted, or have suggestions on
format or checklist changes.
Send feedback by e-mail to
OUST.outreaGh@epa.gov
Send feedback by regular mail to
OUST Outreach O&M, Mail Code
5401G, 1200 Pennsylvania
Avenue, NW, Washington, DC
20460
Or phone your feedback to our
Hotline at 1-800-424-9346.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 2
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Section 1 Identifying The Equipment At Your UST Facility
Determine what UST equipment you have at your facility by completing the checklist below.
Note that each part of the checklist below refers you tp; the appropriate section of this O&M
booklet for relevant information. After you have identified your equipment, proceed to the
following sections to identify the O&M actions necessary for your specific UST system.
General Facility Information (optional)
Facility Name
Facility ID #
Release Detection
(See Section 2 for information on release detection)
Automatic Tank Gauging System
Interstitial Monitoring (with secondary containment)
Groundwater Monitoring
Vapor Monitoring
Inventory Control and Tank Tightness Testing (TTT)*
Manual Tank Gauging Only**
Manual Tank Gauging and Tank Tightness Testing (TTT)*
Other Release Detection Method, such as SIR
(please specify) -
* Allowed only for 10 years after upgrading or installing tank with corrosion protection. TTT required every 5 years.
** Allowed only for tanks of 1,000 gallon capacity or less.
*** Allowed only for tanks of 2,000 gallon capacity or less and only for 10 years after upgrading or installing tank with
corrosion protection. TTT required every 5 years.
B. Release Detection for Pressurized Piping
at least one ftop'A:'MPJ0r j^^
A
(Automatic
Line Leak
Detectors)
Automatic Flow Restrictor
Automatic Shutoff Device
Continuous Alarm
B
Annual Line Tightness Test
Monthly Monitoring*
* Monthly Monitoring for piping includes Interstitial Monitoring, Vapor Monitoring, Groundwater Monitoring, and other
accepted methods (such as SIR and Electronic Line Leak Detectors)
C. Release Detection for Suction Piping
Line Tightness Testing Every Three Years
Monthly Monitoring*
No Release Detection Required For "Safe Suction" **
* Monthly Monitoring for piping includes Interstitial Monitoring, Vapor Monitoring, Groundwater Monitoring, and SIR
** No release detection required only If it can be verified that you have a "safe suction" piping system with the following
characteristics:
1) Only one check valve per line located directly below the dispenser;
2) Piping sloping back to the tank; and
3) System must operate under atmospheric pressure.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 3
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Spill and Overfill Protection (See Section 4 for more information)
bheckfb£feaph taok:
Spill Catchment Basin/ Spill Bucket
cKe'ckiit ies&tonelbve&iil device fpdfiasfr tajpk:
Automatic Shutoff Device
Overfill Alarm
Ball Float Valve
fanR#1
-^-^^
Tlinkia
lank $3
^^^^
Vankfc j
^^^^
Corrosion Protection (See Section 5 for more information) |
A. Corrosion Protection for Tanks
Chick jrflla^^eterv^^
Coated and Cathodlcally Protected Steel
Noncorrodible Material (such as Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic)
Steel Jacketed or Clad with Noncorrodible Material
Cathodlcally Protected Noncoated Steel*
Internally Lined Tank*
Cathodlcally Protected Noncoated Steel and Internally Lined Tank*
Other Method Used to Achieve Corrosion Protection
(please specify):
%%i*$$i$
*iaijk:I2^:
ifm&mz
?f«s£»
* These options may be used only for tanks installed before December 22, 1 988.
B. Corrosion Protection for Piping
^^k|rt-jgalt'6n^Dr;^ph:
Coated and Cathodically Protected Steel
Noncorrodible Material (such as Fiberglass Reinforced
Plastic or Flexible Plastic)
Cathodlcally Protected Noncoated Metal*
Other Method Used to Achieve Corrosion Protection
(please specify):
Tantkfl
Tankt2
Tank S3
taok,£4
* This option may be used only for piping installed before December 22, 1988.
Any problems filling out this checklist?
If you have trouble filling out this checklist or any following checklist, remember these sources of
assistance you can contact:
Your UST contractor, the vendor of your equipment, and the manufacturer of your UST
equipment should be ready to help you. Look through your records for contact information. You
may also want to use some of the industry contacts and other contact information provided in
Section?.
Your State regulatory agency may be able to help you identify equipment or sources of
information about your UST equipment. You should, in any event, make yourself aware of any
ways in which your State may have additional or different O&M procedures than those presented
in this booklet. See Section 7 for State agency contacts.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 4
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Section 2 Release Detection
What Is Release Detection?
You must be able to determine at least
every 30 days whether or not your tank
and piping are leaking by using proper
release detection methods.
Your release detection method must be
able to detect a release from any portion
of the tank and connected underground
piping that routinely contains product.
Release detection must be installed,
calibrated, operated, and maintained
according to the manufacturer's
instructions.
Inventoiy Control or
Manual Tank Gauging
Tank Tightness Test
'C3
Line Leak IGa
Detector
Inventory Probe loi
Automatic Tank Gauging
Secondary
Containment
with Interstitial
Monitor
Do You Know If Your Release Detection Is "Certified" To Work At
Your UST Site?
Release detection must meet specific performance requirements. You should have
documentation from the manufacturer, vendor, or installer of your release detection
equipment showing certification that it can meet performance requirements.
Some vendors or manufacturers supply their own certification, but more often an impartial
"third party" is paid to test the release detection equipment and certify that performance
requirements are met. An independent workgroup of release detection experts periodically
evaluates all third-party certifications, thus providing a free and reliable list of evaluations of
third-party certifications for various release detection equipment. Frequently updated, this
list is available on the Internet at http://www.epa.gov/oust/pubs/tdlist.htm (the
publication's title is List Of Leak Detection Evaluations For Underground Storage Tank
Systems). If you can't find the certification anywhere, contact your State regulatory agency
(see Section 7 for contacts).
By checking the certification, you may discover the method you use has not been approved
for use with the type of tank or piping you have or the type of product being stored. For
example, you may learn from the certification that your method won't work with manifolded
tanks, certain products, high throughput, or with certain tank sizes.
That's why you need to make sure your release detection method has clear certification
that it will work effectively at your site with its specific characteristics.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 5
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How Can You Make Sure Your Leak Detection Method Is Working
At Your UST Site?
If you don't understand your O&M responsibilities and don't know what O&M tasks you
must routinely perform, you may allow your UST site to become contaminated then you
will face cleanup costs and associated problems.
To avoid these problems use the checklists on the following pages that describe each type
of leak detection method, discuss actions necessary for proper O&M, and note the records
you should keep.
Locate the methods of release detection you are using at your facility, review these pages,
and periodically complete the checklist. You might want to copy a page first and
periodically fill out copies later.
If you have questions about your release detection system, review your owner's manual or
call the vendor of your system. Your state or local regulatory agency may be able to
provide assistance as well.
You will find leak detection recordkeeping forms in the following pages of this Section.
Keeping these records increases the likelihood that you are conducting good O&M and
providing effective release detection at your UST site. For example, see page 20 for
a "30-Day Release Detection Monitoring Record."
If you ever suspect or confirm a leak, refer to Section 3. Never ignore leak detection
alarms or failed leak detection tests. Treat them as potential leaks!
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 6
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Automatic Tank Gauging (ATG) ^Systems (for tanks only)
Description
Of Release
Detection
An automatic tank gauging (ATG) system consists of a probe permanently
installed in a tank and wired to a monitor to provide information on product
level and temperature. ATG systems automatically calculate the changes in
product volume that can indicate a leaking tank.
Have
Certification
For Your
Release
Detection
Method
Q Make sure your ATG system is certified for the types of tanks and stored
contents on which the ATG system is used. Most manufacturers have their
leak detection devices tested and certified by a third party to verify that their
equipment meets specific performance requirements set by regulatory agencies.
If you don't have certified performance claims, have the manufacturer provide
them to you.
Q
Perform
These
O&M
Actions
Q
Q
Use your ATG system to test for leaks at least every 30 days. Most systems
are already programmed by the installer to run a leak test periodically. If your
system is not programmed to automatically conduct the leak test, refer to your
ATG system manual to identify which buttons to push to conduct the leak test.
Testing more often than monthly can catch leaks sooner and reduce cleanup
costs and problems.
Make sure that the amount of product in your tank is sufficient to run the
ATG leak test. The tank must contain a minimum amount of product to perform
a valid leak detection test. One source for determining that minimum amount is
the certification for your leak detection equipment (as discussed above).
Frequently test your ATG system according to the manufacturer's
instructions to make sure it is working properly. Don't assume that your
release detection system is working and never needs checking. Read your
owner's manual, run the appropriate tests, and see if your ATG system is set up
and working properly. Most ATG systems have a "test" or "self-diagnosis" mode
that can easily and routinely run these checks.
If your ATG ever fails a test or indicates a release, see Section 3 of this
booklet for information on what to do next.
Periodically have a qualified UST contractor, such as the vendor who
installed your ATG, service all the ATG system components according to
the manufacturer's service instructions. Tank probes and other components
can wear out and must be checked periodically. Many vendors recommend or
require this maintenance activity at least annually.
Check your ATG system owner's manual often to answer questions and to
make sure you know the ATG's operation and maintenance procedures.
Call the ATG manufacturer or vendor for a copy of the owner's manual if you
don't have one.
Make sure employees who run, monitor, or maintain the release detection
system know exactly what they have to do and to whom to report
problems. Develop and maintain regular training programs for all employees.
Keep These
O&M
Records
Q Keep results of your ATG system tests for at least 1 year. Your monitoring
equipment may provide printouts that can be used as records. Unless you are
recording actual release detection results at least every 30 days and maintaining
records for at least 1 year, you are not doing leak detection right.
Q Keep all records of calibration, maintenance, and repair of your release
detection equipment for at least 1 year.
Q Keep all performance claims supplied by the installer, vendor, or
manufacturer for at least 5 years. These records include the certification of
your leak detection equipment described above.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 7
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Secondary Containment With Interstitial Monitoring
(for tanks & piping)
Description
Of Release
Detection
Secondary containment is a barrier between the portion of an UST system that
contains product and the outside environment. Examples of secondary
containment include an outer tank or piping wall, an excavation liner, and a
bladder inside an UST. The area between the inner and outer barriers called
the interstitial space is monitored manually or automatically for evidence of
a leak.
Have
Certification
For Your
Release
Detection
Method
Q Make sure your interstitial monitoring equipment and any probes are
certified for the types of tanks, piping, and stored contents on which the
release detection system is used. Most manufacturers have their leak
detection devices tested and certified by a third party to verify that their
equipment meets specific performance requirements set by regulatory agencies.
If you don't have certified performance claims, have the manufacturer provide
them to you.
Perform
These
O&M
Actions
Q Use your release detection system to test for leaks at least every 30 days.
Testing more often than monthly can catch leaks sooner and reduce cleanup
costs and problems.
Q Frequently test your release detection system according to the
manufacturer's instructions to make sure it is working properly. Don't
assume that your release detection system is working and never needs
checking. Read your owner's manual, run the appropriate tests, and see if your
system is set up and working properly. Some interstitial monitoring systems
have a "test" or "self-diagnosis" mode that can easily and routinely run these
checks.
Q If your interstitial monitoring ever fails a test or indicates a release, see
Section 3 of this booklet for information on what to do next.
Q Periodically have a qualified UST contractor, such as the vendor who
installed your release detection system, service all the system
components according to the manufacturer's service instructions. Tank
probes and other components can wear out and must be checked periodically.
Many vendors recommend or require this maintenance activity at least annually.
Q Keep interstitial monitoring access ports clearly marked and secured.
Q Check your interstitial monitoring system owner's manual often to answer
questions and to make sure you know the system's O&M procedures. Call
the system's vendor or manufacturer for a copy of the owner's manual if you
don't have one.
Q Make sure employees who run, monitor, or maintain the release detection
system know exactly what they have to do and to whom to report
problems. Develop and maintain regular training programs for all employees.
Keep
These
O&M
Records
Keep results of your release detection system tests for at least 1 year.
Your monitoring equipment may provide printouts that can be used as records.
Unless you are recording actual release detection results at least every 30 days
and maintaining records for at least 1 year, you are not doing leak detection
right.
Keep all records of calibration, maintenance, and repair of your release
detection equipment for at least 1 year.
Keep all performance claims supplied by the installer, vendor, or
manufacturer for at least 5 years. These records include the certification of
your leak detection equipment described above.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 8
-------
Statistical Inventory Reconciliation (SIR) (tor tanks & piping)
Description
Of Release
Detection
SIR is a method in which a trained professional uses sophisticated computer
software to conduct a statistical analysis of inventory, delivery, and
dispensing data.;Yoii must supply the professional with data every month.
The result of the analysis may be PASS, INCONCLUSIVE, or FAIL.
Have
Certification
For Your
Release
Detection
Method
Q Make sure your SIR vendor's methodology is certified for the types of
tanks, piping, and product on which you use SIR. Most vendors have their
leak detection devices tested and certified by a third party to verify that their
equipment meets specific performance requirements set by regulatory
agencies. If you don't have certified performance claims, have the vendor
provide them to you.
Q
Supply daily inventory data to your SIR vendor at least every 30 days. The
vendor will provide you with your leak detection results after the statistical
analysis is completed.
Q See Section 3 of this manual if your UST system fails a leak test.
Q
Perform
These
O&M
Actions
Q
Q
If you receive an "inconclusive" result, you must work with your SIR
vendor to correct the problem and document the results of the
investigation. An inconclusive result means that you have not performed leak
detection for that month. If you cannot resolve the problem, treat the
inconclusive result as a suspected release and refer to Section 3.
If you use an ATG system to gather data for the SIR vendor, periodically
have a qualified UST contractor, such as the vendor who installed your
ATG, service all the ATG system components according to the
manufacturer's service instructions. Tank probes and other components .
can wear out and must be checked periodically. Many vendors recommend or
require this maintenance activity at least annually. Do this according to
manufacturer's instructions. See the checklist for ATG systems on page 7.
If you stick your tank to gather data for the SIR vendor, make sure your
stick can measure to one-eighth of an inch and can measure the level of
product over the full range of the tank's height. You should check your
measuring stick periodically to make sure that you can read the markings and
numbers and that the bottom of the stick is not worn.
Make sure employees who run, monitor, or maintain the release detection
system know exactly what they have to do and to whom to report
problems. Develop and maintain regular training programs for all employees.
Keep
These
O&M
Records
Q
Q
Q
Q
Keep results of your SIR tests for at least 1 year. Unless you are keeping
records of the 30-day release detection results and maintaining those records
for at least 1 year, you are not doing leak detection right.
Keep all vendor performance claims for at least 5 years. This includes the
certification of the SIR method discussed above.
If you use an ATG system, keep all records of calibration, maintenance,
and repair of your release detection equipment for at least 1 year.
Keep the records of investigations conducted as a result of any monthly
monitoring conclusion of "Inconclusive" or "Fail" for at least 1 year. This
may include the results of a tightness test performed during the investigation or
a re-evaluation based on corrected delivery or dispenser data.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 9
-------
Description
Of Release
Detection
Vapor Monitoring (for tanks & piping)
Vapor monitoring measures product vapors in the soil at the UST site to
check for a leak. A site assessment must determine the number and
placement of monitoring wells that make sure a release is detected. NOTE:
vapor monitors will not work well with substances that do not easily vaporize
(such as diesel fuel).
Have
Certification
For Your
Release
Detection
Method
Q Make sure your vapor monitoring equipment is certified for the types of
stored contents on which the release detection system is used. Most
manufacturers have their leak detection devices tested and certified by a third
party to verify that their equipment meets specific performance requirements
set by regulatory agencies. If you don't have certified performance claims, have
the manufacturer provide them to you.
Perform
These
O&M
Actions
Q Use your release detection system to test for leaks at least every 30 days.
Testing more often than monthly can catch leaks sooner and reduce cleanup
costs and problems. Be sure you check all of your vapor monitoring wells.
Q See Section 3 of this manual if your UST system fails a leak test.
Q Frequently test your release detection system according to the
manufacturer's instructions to make sure it is working properly. Don't
assume that your release detection system is working and never needs
checking. Some electronic vapor monitoring systems have a "test" or
"self-diagnosis" mode. If you have components (such as monitoring
equipment, probes or sensors) for your vapor monitoring system, read your
manual and test your equipment to see if it is working properly.
Q Periodically have a qualified UST contractor, such as the vendor who
installed your release detection system, service all the system
components according to the manufacturer's service instructions. Probes
and other components can wear out and must be checked periodically. Many
vendors recommend or require this maintenance activity at least annually.
Q Keep your vapor monitoring wells clearly marked and secured.
Q Check your vapor monitoring system owner's manual often to answer
questions and to make sure you know the system's operation and
maintenance procedures, Gail the system's vendor or manufacturer for a
copy of the owner's manual if you don't have one.
Q Make sure employees who run, monitor, or maintain the release detection
system know exactly what they have to do and to whom to report
problems. Develop and maintain regular training programs for all employees.
Keep
These
O&M
Records
Q
Keep results of your release detection system tests for at least 1 year.
Your monitoring equipment may provide printouts that can be used as records.
Unless you are recording actual release detection results at least every 30 days
and maintaining records for at least 1 year, you are not doing leak detection
right.
Keep all records of calibration, maintenance, and repair of your release
detection equipment for at least 1 year.
Keep all performance claims supplied by the installer, vendor, or
manufacturer for at least 5 years. These records include the certification of
your leak detection equipment described above.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 10
-------
Description
Of Release
Detection
Groundwater Monitoring (tor tanks & piping)
Groundwater monitoring looks for the presence of liquid product floating on
the groundwater at the UST site. A site assessment must determine the
number and placement of monitoring wells that make sure a release is
detected. NOTE: this method cannot be used at sites where groundwater is
more than 20 feet below the surface.
Have
Certification
For Your
Release
Detection
Method
Make sure any automated groundwater monitoring equipment is certified
for the types of stored contents on which the release detection system is
used. Most manufacturers have their leak detection devices tested and
certified by a third party to verify that their equipment meets specific
performance requirements set by regulatory agencies. If you don't have
certified performance claims, have the manufacturer provide them to you.
(Manual devices such as bailers are not generally certified.)
Perform
These
O&M
Actions
Q Use your release detection system to test for leaks at least every 30 days.
Testing more often than monthly can catch leaks sooner and reduce cleanup
costs and problems. Be sure you check all of your groundwater monitoring
wells.
Q See Section 3 of this manual if your UST system fails a leak test.
Q Frequently test your automated release detection system according to
the manufacturer's instructions to make sure it is working properly. Don't
assume that your release detection system is working and never needs
checking. Some electronic groundwater monitoring systems have a 'lest" or
"self-diagnosis" mode. If you have components (such as monitoring
equipment, probes or sensors) for your vapor monitoring system, read your
manual and test your equipment to see if it is working properly. Manual devices
should be periodically checked to make sure they are working properly.
Q Periodically have a qualified UST contractor, such as the vendor who
installed your release detection system, service all the system
components according to the manufacturer's service instructions. Probes
and other components can wear out and must be checked periodically. Many
vendors recommend or require this maintenance activity at least annually.
Q Keep your groundwater monitoring wells clearly marked and secured.
Q Check your groundwater monitoring system owner's manual often to
answer questions and to make sure you know the system's operation
and maintenance procedures. Call the system's vendor or manufacturer for a
copy of the owner's manual if you don't have one.
Q Make sure employees who run, monitor, or maintain the release detection
system know exactly what they have to do and to whom to report
problems. Develop and maintain regular training programs for all employees.
Keep
These
O&M
Records
Q Keep results of your release detection system tests for at least 1 year.
Your monitoring equipment may provide printouts that can be used as records.
Unless you are recording actual release detection results at least every 30 days
and maintaining records for at least 1 year, you are not doing leak detection
right.
Q Keep ail records of calibration, maintenance, and repair of your release
detection equipment for at least 1 year.
Q Keep all performance claims supplied by the installer, vendor, or
manufacturer for at least 5 years. These records include the certification of
your leak detection equipment described above.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 11
-------
Inventory Control And Tank Tightness Testing (tor tanks only)
Description
Of Release
Detection
This temporary method combines monthly inventory control with periodic tank tightness
testing. Inventory control involves taking measurements of tank contents and recording
the amount of product pumped each operating day, measuring and recording tank
deliveries, and reconciling all this data at least once a month. This combined method
also includes tightness testing, a sophisticated test performed by trained professionals.
NOTE: This combination method can only be used temporarily for up to 10 years after
installing a new UST or for up to 10 years after your tank meets the corrosion protection
requirements.
Have
Certification
For Your
Release
Detection
Method
Make sure your tank tightness testing is certified for the types of tanks and stored
contents on which the tightness test is used. Most tightness test methods are certified
by a third party to verify that they meet specific performance requirements set by regulatory
agencies. If you don't have certified performance claims, have the tightness tester provide
them to you.
Perform
These
O&M
Actions
Q Take inventory readings and record the numbers at least each day that product is
added to or taken out of the tank. You may want to use the "Daily Inventory Worksheet"
provided for you on the next page.
Q Reconcile the fuel deliveries with delivery receipts by taking inventory readings
before and after each delivery. Record these readings on a "Daily Inventory Worksheet"
(see next page).
Q Reconcile all your data at least every 30 days. Use a "Monthly Inventory Record" (see
page 14 for an example).
Q Have a tank tightness test conducted at least every 5 years. This testing needs to be
conducted by a professional trained in performing tank tightness testing.
Q See Section 3 of this manual if your tank fails a tightness test or if fails two
consecutive months of inventory control.
Q Ensure that your measuring stick can measure to the nearest one-eighth inch and
can measure the level of product over the full range of the tank's height. You should
check your measuring stick periodically to make sure that you can read the markings and
numbers and that the bottom of the stick is not worn.
Q Ensure that your product dispenser is calibrated according to local standards or to
an accuracy of 6 cubic inches for every 5 gallons of product withdrawn.
Q Measure the water in .your tank to the nearest one-eighth inch at least once a month
and record the results on the reconciliation sheet. You can use a paste that changes
color when it comes into contact with water.
Q Make sure employees who run, monitor, or maintain the release detection system
know exactly what they have to do and to whom to report problems. Develop and
maintain regular training programs for all employees.
Keep
These
O&M
Records
Q Keep results of your release detection system tests for at least 1 year. Your
monitoring equipment may provide printouts that can be used as records. Unless you are
recording actual release detection results at least every 30 days and maintaining records
for at least 1 year, you are not doing leak detection right.
Q Keep the results of your most recent tightness test.
Q Keep all certification and performance claims for tank tightness test performed at
your UST site for at least 5 years.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 12
-------
DAILY INVENTORY WORKSHEET
FACILITY NAME:.
YOUR NAME: __
DATE: .^____
TANK IDENTIFICATION 1
Type of Fuel |
Tank Size in Gallons |
END STICK INCHES |
AMOUNT PUMPED | j
Totalizer Reading
Totalizer Reading
Totalizer Reading
Totalizer Reading
Totalizer Reading
Totalizer Reading
Totalizer Reading
Totalizer Reading
TODAY'S SUM OF
TOTALIZERS
Previous Day's Sum of Totalizers
AMOUNT PUMPED TODAY |
--^1
DELIVERY RECORD i j
Inches of Fuel Before Delivery
Gallons of Fuel Before
Delivery
(from tank chart)
Incheu of Fuel After Delivery
Gallons of Fuel After Delivery
(from tank chart)
GALLONS DELIVERED
(STICK)
[Gallons "After" - Gallons "Before"!
GROSS GALLONS
DELIVERED (RECEIPT)
1
i
I
1 .
I
i
1 ,
i
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 13
-------
MONTHLY INVENTORY RECORD
MONTH/YEAR:_
TANK IDENTIFICATION & TYPE OF FUEL:_
FACILITY NAME:
DATE OF WATER CHECK:
LEVEL OF WATER (INCHES):.
LEAK CHECK:
Drop the last two digits
from the TOTAL GALLONS
PUMPED number and enter here:
DATE
1
2
3
4
S
6
7
<. 8
9
7
8
9
10 !
11 '
12
13
14
15
15
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
ZS
26
27
28
29
30
31
START BOOK
STICK GALLONS GALLONS INVENTORY
INVENTORY DELIVERED PUMPED (GALLONS)
(GALLONS)
M H (=)
M (-) (=)
(+) H H
M H (=)
M H H
W (-) (=)
M H M
M H M
M- H (=)
M H (=)
(+) (-) (=)
M H M
M H M
M (-) ' M
(+) H (=)
M M (=)
M H M
M H M
M (-) (=)
M (-) M
M H (=)
(+) H (=)
M (-) (=)
M (-) <=)
M (-) (=)'
M H M
{+) (-) ' (=)
(+) H (=)
M H M
M (-) (=)
M M ' (=)
M (-) (=)
M H (=)
f+ H M
END STICK INVENTORY
(INCHES)
| (GALLONS)
TOTAL GALLONS PUMPED > TOTAL GALLONS OVER OR SHORT >
DAILY OVER (+)
OR SHORT (-)
["End" - "Book"]
INITIALS
Compare these if numbers
130
. gallons
Is the "TOTAL GALLONS OVER OR SHORT" LARGER than "LEAK CHECK" result? YES NO (circle one)
If your answer is "YES" for 2 MONTHS IN A ROW, notify the regulatory agency as soon as possible.
KEEP THIS PIECE OF PAPER ON FILE FOR AT LEAST 1 YEAR
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 14
-------
Manual Tank Gauging (for tanks 15000 gallons or less only)
Description
Of Release
Detection
This method mav be used onlv for tanks of 1.000 gallons or less capacity
meeting certain requirements. These requirements (tank size, tank
dimension, and test time) are found in the manual tank gauging record on
the next page. Manual tank gauging involves taking your tank out of
service for the testing period (at least 36 hours) each week, during which
the contents of the tank are measured twice at the beginning and twice at
the end of the test period. The measurements are then compared to
weekly and monthly standards to determine if the tank is tight.
Have
Certification
For Your
Release
Detection
Method
None required.
Perform
These
O&M
Actions
Q Once a week, record two inventory readings at the beginning of the
test, allow the tank to sit undisturbed for the time specified in the
"Manual Tank Gauging Record" on the next page, and record two
inventory readings at the end of the test (use any form comparable to
the one on the following page).
Q Reconcile the numbers weekly and record them on a "Manual Tank
Gauging Record" (see the next page).
Q See Section 3 of this manual if your tank fails the weekly standard.
Q At the end of 4 weeks, reconcile your records for the monthly
standard and record the result on a "Manual Tank Gauging Record"
(see the next page).
Q See Section 3 of this manual if your tank fails the monthly standard.
Q Ensure that your measuring stick can measure to the nearest one-
eighth inch and can measure the level of product over the full range
of the tank's height. You should check your measuring stick periodically
to make sure that you can read the markings and numbers and that the
bottom of the stick is not worn.
Q Make sure employees who run, monitor, or maintain the release
detection system know exactly what they have to do and to whom to
report problems. Develop and maintain regular training programs for all
employees.
Keep
These
O&M
Records
Keep your manual tank gauging records for at least 1 year. Unless you
are recording actual release detection results weekly and at least every 30
days and maintaining records for at least 1 year, you are not doing leak
detection right.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 15
-------
MANUAL TANK GAUGING RECORD
Circle your tank size, test duration, and weekly/monthly standards In the table below:
MONTH _
TANK IDENTIFICATION:
PERSON COMPLETING FORM:_
FACILITY NAME:
YEAR.
Tank Size
up to 550 gallons
551 -1,000 gallons
(when tank diameter is 64")
551 -1,000 gallons
(when tank diameter is 48")
551-1,000 gallons (also requires
periodic tank tightness testing)
1,001-2,000 gallons (also requires
periodic tank tightness testing)
Minimum
Duration
Of Test
36 hours
44 hours
58 hours
36 hours
36 hours
Weekly
Standard
(1 test)
10 gallons
9 gallons
12 gallons
13 gallons
26 gallons
Monthly Standard
(4-test average)
5 gallons
4 gallons
6 gallons
7 gallons
13 gallons
Compare your weekly readings and the monthly average of the 4
weekly readings with the standards shown in the table on the left.
If the calculated change exceeds the weekly standard, the UST may
be leaking. Also, the monthly average of the 4 weekly test results
must be compared to the monthly standard in the same way.
If either the weekly or monthly standards have been exceeded, the
UST may be leaking. As soon as possible, call your implementing
agency to report the suspected leak and get further instructions.
Start Test
(month, day,
and time)
Date:
Time: AM/PM
Date:
Time: AM/PM
Date:
Time: AM/PM
Date:
Time: AM/PM
First
Initial
Stick
Reading
Second
Initial
Stick
Reading
Average
Initial
Reading
Initial
Gallons
(convert
inches to
gallons)
fal
^^H
End Test
(month, day, and
time)
Date:
Time: AM/PM
Date:
Time: AM/PM
Date:
Time: AM/PM
Date:
Time: AM/PM
First
End
Stick
Reading
KEEP THIS PIECE OF PAPER ON FILE FOR AT LEAST 1 YEAR
Second
End
Stick
Reading
Average
End
Reading
End
Gallons
(convert
inches to
gallons)
fbl
To see how close you are to the monthly
standard, divide the sum of the 4 weekly
readings by 4 and enter result here >
Change
In Tank
Volume
In Gallons
+ or(-)
fa b]
Tank
Passes Test
(circle
YES or NO)
Y N
Y N
Y N
Y N '
Y N
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 16
-------
Description
Of Release
Detection
Manual Tank Gauging And Tank Tightness Testing
(for tanks 2,000 gallons or less only)
This temporary method combines manual tank gauging with periodic tank tightness
testing. It may be used only for tanks of 2.000 gallons or less capacity. Manual tank
gauging involves taking your tank out of service for the testing period (at least 36
hours) each week, during which the contents of the tank are measured twice at the
beginning and twice at the end of the test period. The measurements are then
compared to weekly and monthly standards to determine if the tank is tight. This
combined method also includes tightness testing, a sophisticated test performed by
trained professionals.
NOTE: This combination method can only be used temporarily for up to ten years after
installing a new UST or for up to 10 years after your tank meets the corrosion
protection requirements.
Have
Certification
For Your
Release
Detection
Method
Q Make sure your tank tightness testing is certified for the types of tanks and stored
contents on which the tightness test is used. Most tightness test methods are certified
by a third party to verify that they meet specific performance requirements set by
regulatory agencies. If you don't have certified performance claims, have the tightness
tester provide them to you.
Perform
These
O&M
Actions
Q Once a week, record two inventory readings at the beginning of the test, allow the
tank to sit undisturbed for the time specified in the "Manual Tank Gauging Record"
on page 16, and record two Inventory readings at the end of the test (use any form
comparable to the one on page 16).
Q Reconcile the numbers weekly and record them on a "Manual Tank Gauging
Record" (see page 16).
Q See Section 3 of this manual if your tank fails the weekly standard.
Q At the end of 4 weeks, reconcile your records for the monthly standard and record
the result on a "Manual Tank Gauging Record" (see page 16).
Q See Section 3 of this manual if your tank fails the monthly standard.
Q Conduct a tank tightness test at least every 5 years. This testing needs to be
conducted by a professional trained in performing tank tightness testing.
Q See Section 3 of this manual if your tank fails the tightness test.
Q Ensure that your measuring stick can measure to the nearest one-eighth inch and
can measure the level of product over the full range of the tank's height. You should
check your measuring stick periodically to make sure that you can read the markings and
numbers and that the bottonrof the stick is not worn.
Q Make sure employees who run, monitor, or maintain the release detection system
know exactly what they have to do and to whom to report problems. Develop and
maintain regular training programs for all employees.
Keep
These
O&M
Records
Q Keep your manual tank gauging records for at least 1 year. Unless you are recording
actual release detection results at least weekly and every 30 days and maintaining records
for at least 1 year, you are not doing leak detection right.
Q Keep the results of your most recent tightness test.
Q Keep all certification and performance claims for tank tightness test performed at
your UST site for at least 5 years.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 17
-------
Automatic Line Leak Detection (for pressurized piping only)
Description
Of Release
Detection
Have
Certification
For Your
Release
Detection
Method
Perform
These
O&M
Actions
Keep
These
O&M
Records
Automatic line leak detectors (LLDs) are designed to detect a catastrophic
release from pressurized piping. Automatic LLDs must be designed to detect
a leak at least as small as 3 gallons per hour at a line pressure of 10 psi within
1 hour. When a leak is detected, automatic LLDs must shut off the product
flow, restrict the product flow, or trigger an audible or visual alarm. NOTE:
Automatic LLDs need to be installed and operated as close as possible to the
tank (LLDs are designed to detect a leak and restrict flow only between the
detector and the dispenser).
Make sure your release detection equipment is certified for the types of
piping and stored contents on which the release detection system is used.
Most manufacturers have their leak detection devices tested and certified by a
third party to verify that their equipment meets specific performance
requirements set by regulatory agencies. If you don't have certified performance
claims, have the manufacturer provide them to you.
Q Frequently test your automatic LLDs according to the manufacturer's
instructions to make sure it is working properly. Don't assume that your
release detection system is working and never needs checking. Some
monitoring systems have a "test" or "self-diagnosis" mode.
Q Periodically have a qualified UST contractor, such as the vendor who
installed your release detection system, service all the system
components according to the manufacturers' service instructions.
Components can wear out and must be checked periodically. Many vendors
recommend or require this maintenance activity at least annually.
Q See Section 3 of this manual if your LLD detects a leak.
Q Make sure employees who run, monitor, or maintain the release detection
system know exactly what they have to do and to whom to report
problems. Develop and maintain regular training programs for all employees.
Q
Q
For at least a year, keep the annual test that demonstrates.that the LLD is
functioning properly.
If used for monthly monitoring, keep results of your release detection
system tests for at least 1 year. Your monitoring equipment system may
provide printouts that can be used as records. Unless you are recording actual
release detection results at least every 30 days and maintaining records for at
least 1 year, you are not doing leak detection right.
Keep all records of calibration, maintenance, and repair of your release
detection equipment for at least 1 year.
Keep all performance claims supplied by the installer, vendor, or
manufacturer for at least 5 years. These records include the certification of
your leak detection equipment described above.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 18
-------
Line Tightness Testing (for piping only)
Description
Of Release
Detection
This method uses a periodic line tightness test to determine if your piping
is leaking. Tightness testing can be performed by either a trained
professional or by using a permanently installed electronic system
(sometimes connected to an automatic tank gauging system).
Have
Certification
For Your
Release
Detection
Method
Q Make sure your line tightness testing or permanently installed
electronic system is certified for the types of piping and stored
contents on which the release detection system is used. Most tightness
test methods and release detection equipment have been tested and
certified by a third party to verify that the equipment or services meet
specific performance requirements set by regulatory agencies. If you don't
have certified performance claims, have the tightness tester or equipment
manufacturer provide them to you.
Perform
These
O&M
Actions
Q If line tightness testing is used for pressurized piping, the test must be
conducted at least annually.
Q If line tightness testing is used for suction piping, the test must be
conducted at least every three years. "Safe suction" piping as described
at the bottom of page 3 may not need release detection testing.
Q This tightness testing must be conducted by a professional trained in
performing line tightness testing or by using a permanently installed
electronic system.
Q See Section 3 of this manual if your piping fails the tightness test or if
the electronic system indicates a leak.
Q Periodically have a qualified UST contractor, such as the vendor who
installed your release detection system, service all the system
components according to the manufacturers' service instructions.
Components can wear out and must be checked periodically. Many vendors
recommend or require this maintenance activity at least annually.
Q Make sure employees who run, monitor, or maintain the release
detection system know exactly what they have to do and to whom to
report problems. Develop and maintain regular training programs for all
employees.
Keep
These
O&M
Records
Q Keep results of your release detection system tests for at least 1 year.
Your monitoring equipment may provide printouts that can be used as
records. Unless you are recording actual release detection results at least
every 30 days and maintaining records for at least 1 year, you are not doing
leak detection right.
Q If you use a permanently installed electronic system, keep all records
of calibration, maintenance, and repair of your equipment for at least 1
year.
Q Keep all performance claims supplied by the installer, vendor, or
manufacturer for at least 5 years. These records include the certification
of your leak detection equipment described above.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 19
-------
30-Day Release Detection Monitoring Record
(may be used for monitoring wells, interstitial monitoring, and automatic tank gauging)
RELEASE DETECTION METHOD:.
FACILITY NAME:
Date
Your
Name
UST System (Tank & Piping)
(Enter "N" for NO RELEASE DETECTED or "Y" for a SUSPECTED
OR CONFIRMED RELEASE)
UST#
UST#
UST#
UST#
KEEP THIS PIECE OF PAPER AND ANY ASSOCIATED PRINTOUTS ON
FILE FOR AT LEAST 1 YEAR FROM THE DATE OF THE LAST ENTRY
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 20
-------
Section 3 Suspected Or Confirmed Releases
You need to be fully prepared to respond to releases BEFORE they may occur. You need
to know what to do when release detection methods indicate a suspected or confirmed
release. Be ready to take the following steps, as appropriate.
Stop The Release
Take immediate action to prevent the release of more product.
Turn off the power to the dispenser and "bag" the nozzle.
« Make sure you know where your emergency shutoff switch is located.
Empty the tank, if necessary, without further contaminating the site. You may need the
assistance of your supplier or distributor.
Contain The Spill Or Overfill
Contain, absorb, and clean up any surface spills or overfills. You should keep enough
absorbent material at your facility to contain a spill or overfill of petroleum products until
emergency response personnel can respond to the incident. The suggested supplies
include, but are not limited to, the following:
Containment devices, such as containment booms, dikes, and pillows.
Absorbent material, such as kitty litter, chopped corn cob, sand, and sawdust. (Be sure
you properly dispose of used absorbent materials.)
Mats or other material capable of keeping spill or overfill out of nearby storm drains.
Spark-free flash light.
Spark-free shovel.
Buckets.
Reels of "caution tape," traffic cones, and warning signs.
Personal protective gear.
Also, identify any fire, explosion or vapor hazards and take action to neutralize these
hazards.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 21'
-------
Call For Help
Contact your local fire or emergency response authority. Make sure you have these crucial
telephone numbers prominently posted where you and your employees can easily see
them. See the next page for a form you can copy and post.
Report To Authorities
If you observe any of the following, contact your State's underground storage tank
regulatory authority to report a suspected or confirmed release as soon as possible (within
24 hours):
Any spill or overfill of petroleum that exceeds 25 gallons or that causes a sheen on
nearby surface water. (Spills and overfills under 25 gallons that are contained and
immediately cleaned up do not have to be reported. If they can't be quickly cleaned up
they must be reported to your regulatory agency.)
* Any released regulated substances at the UST site or in the surrounding area such
as the presence of liquid petroleum; soil contamination; surface water or groundwater
contamination; or petroleum vapors in sewer, basement, or utility lines.
Any unusual operating conditions you observe such as erratic behavior of the
dispenser, a sudden loss of product, or an unexplained presence of water in the tank.
However, you are not required to report if:
The system equipment is found to be defective, but not leaking, and is immediately
repaired or replaced.
Results from your release detection system indicate a suspected release. However, you
are not required to report if:
The monitoring device is found to be defective and is immediately repaired,
recalibrated, or replaced and further monitoring does not confirm the initial
suspected release, or
In the case of inventory control, a second month of data does not confirm the initial
result.
The next page contains a blank list for names and phone numbers of important contacts.
Fill out this information for your facility so that you will know who to call in case of an
emergency. Remove this page from the manual, copy it, fill), out, and post it in a prominent
place at your facility.
Copy the next page and update it often. Make sure everyone at
your UST facility is familiar with this list of contacts.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 22
-------
Release Reponse
Important Contact Information
Contact Name
Phone #
State UST Agency:
Local UST Agency:
Fire Department:
Ambulance:
Police Department:
Repair Contractor:
Other Contacts:
Q
Q
Q
Release Response Checklist
Stop the release: Take immediate action to prevent the release of more product Turn off the
power to the dispenser and "bag" the nozzle. Make sure you know where your emergency shutoff
switch is located. Empty the tank, if necessary, without further contaminating the site
Contain the spill or overfill: Contain, absorb, and clean up any surface releases. Identify any fire,
explosion or vapor hazards and take action to neutralize these hazards.
Call for help and to report suspected or confirmed releases: Contact your local fire or
emergency response authority. Contact your State's'underground storage tank regulatory authority
within 24 hours.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 23
-------
Section 4 Spill And Overfill Protection
The purpose of spill and overfill protection
equipment is to eliminate the potential for a
release during fuel deliveries. The equipment
must be in working order and used properly to
provide adequate protection from spills and
overfills.
Even the best spill and overfill protection
equipment can become faulty over time if not
properly operated and maintained.
Only one gallon of fuel leaking each week
from a poorly maintained spill bucket can
result in up to 1 95 tons of contaminated soil in
a year.
Improper maintenance of the spill bucket at
the UST site pictured below contributed to
significant contamination of soil and
groundwater.
What's The Difference?
Spill Protection:
A spill bucket is installed at the fill
pipe to contain the drips and spills of
fuel that can occur when the
delivery hose is uncoupled from the
fill pipe after delivery.
Overfill Protection:
Equipment is installed on the UST
that is designed to stop product
flow, reduce product flow, or alert
the delivery person during delivery
before the tank becomes full and
begins releasing petroleum into the
environment.
The following pages in this section focus on how you can routinely make sure your spill and
overfill equipment is operating effectively.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 24
-------
What Are The Basics Of Spill Protection?
Your USTs must have catchment basins also
called spill buckets installed at the fill pipe to ;
contain spills that may occur as a result of fuel
deliveries.
The spill bucket is designed to temporarily
contain product spills that might occur during
fuel delivery. To contain a spill, the spill bucket
must be liquid tight.
The spill bucket is not designed to contain
fuel for long periods of time and must be
quickly emptied and contents disposed of
properly.
Spill buckets need to be large
enough to contain any fuel that may
spill when the delivery hose is
uncoupled from the fillpipe. Spill
buckets typically range in size from 5
gallons to 25 gallons.
If you use a checklist for correct
filling practices (see page 33), spills
should be eliminated or reduced to
very small volumes that your spill
bucket can easily handle.
If your UST never receives
^deliveries of more than 25 gallons
at a time, the UST does not need
to meet the spill protection
requirements. Many used oil tanks
fall into this category. Even though
these USTs are not required to
have overfill protection, you should
consider using overfill protection
as part of good UST system
management.
Examples of Spill Buckets
How do you maintain your spill bucket?
The checklist below provides information on properly maintaining your spill bucket.
Spill Bucket O&M Checklist
Q
Q
Q
Keep your spill bucket empty of liquids.
Some spill buckets are equipped with a valve that allows you to drain accumulated fuel into
your UST. Others may be equipped with a manual pump so fuel can be put into your UST by
pumping it through the f'!l pipe. However, keep in mind that when you pump out or drain your
spill bucket into your UST, any water and debris may also enter the UST. If a basin is not
equipped with drain valve or pump, then any accumulated fuel or water must be removed
manually and disposed of properly.
Periodically check your spill bucket to remove any debris.
Debris could include soil, stones, or trash.
Periodically check to see if your spill bucket is still liquid tight.
Have .a qualified UST contractor inspect your spill bucket for signs of wear, cracks, or holes.
Based on this inspection, the contractor may suggest a test to determine if the spill bucket is
tight or needs repair or replacement.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 25
-------
What Are The Basics Of Overfill Protection?
Your USTs must have overfill protection installed
to help prevent the overfilling of tanks.
Three types of overfill protection devices are
commonly used:
Automatic Shutoff Devices
Overfill Alarms
Ball Float Valves
Each of these forms of overfill protection is
discussed in detail on the following pages.
If your UST never receives
deliveries of more than 25 gallons
at a time, the UST does not need
to meet the overfill protection
requirements. Many used oil tanks
fall into this category. Even though
these USTs are not required to
have overfill protection, you should
consider using overfill protection
as part of good UST system
management.
How Can You Help The Delivery Person Avoid Overfills?
To protect your business, you must make every effort to help the delivery person avoid
overfilling your UST.
Use A Checklist On Correct Filling Practices
If correct filling practices are used, you will not exceed the UST's capacity see page 33
for a checklist on correct filling procedures. Overfills are caused when the delivery person
makes a mistake, such as ignoring an overfill alarm.
Use Signs, Alert Your Delivery Person
The delivery person should know what type of overfill device is present on each tank at
your facility and what action will occur if the overfill device is triggered such as a visual
and/or audible alarm or that the product flow into the tank will stop or slow significantly.
Educate and alert your delivery person by placing a clear sign near your fill pipes, in
plain view of the delivery person. An example of such a sign follows on the next page.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 26
-------
DELIVERY PERSON AVOID OVERFILLS
An overfill alarm is used for overfill protection at this facility.
Do not tamper with this alarm in any attempt to defeat its purpose.
When the tank is 90% full, the overfill alarm whistles and a red light flashes.
If you hear the alarm whistle or see the red light flashing,
STOP THE DELIVERY IMMEDIATELY!
Make Sure You Order The Right Amount
Also, you need to make sure you've ordered the right amount of product for delivery.
Order only the quantity of fuel that will fit into 90% of the tank. For example, if you have a
10,000 gallon tank with 2,000 gallons already in the tank, you would order at the most a
7,000 gallon delivery (90% of 10,000 is 9,000 gallons; subtracting the 2,000 gallons already
in the tank leaves a maximum delivery of 7,000 gallons). Use the checklist formula on page
33 below. Do your homework right and you reduce the chance of overfills.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 27
-------
What Should You Do
To Operate And Maintain Your
Automatic Shutoff Device?
The automatic shutoff device is a mechanical device
installed in line with the drop tube within the fill pipe riser.
It slows down and then stops the delivery when the
product has reached a certain level in the tank. It should
be positioned so that the float arm is not obstructed and
can move through its full range of motion.
When installed and maintained properly, the shutoff
valve will shut off the flow of fuel to the UST at 95% of
the tank's capacity or before the fittings at the top of the
tank are exposed to fuel.
You should not use an automatic shutoff
device for overfill protection if your LIST
receives pressurized deliveries.
Fill Pipe
Shutoff
Valve
Float
Basic O&M Checklist For Automatic Shutoff Devices
Q A qualified UST contractor periodically checks to make sure that the automatic shutoff device is
functioning properly and that the device will shut off fuel flowing into the tank at 95% of the tank
capacity or before the fittings at the top of the tank are exposed to fuel:
Make sure the float operates properly.
Make sure that there are no obstructions in the fill pipe that would keep the floating mechanism
from working.
Q You have posted signs that the delivery person can easily see and that aiert the delivery person to
the overfill warning devices and alarms in use at your facility.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 28
-------
What Should You Do
To Operate And Maintain Your
Electronic Overfill Alarm?
This type of overfill device activates an audible and/or visual warning
to delivery personnel when the tank is either 90% full or is within one
minute of being overfilled. The alarm must be located so that it
can be seen and/or heard from the UST delivery location. Once
the electronic overfill alarm sounds, the delivery person has
approximately one minute to stop the flow of fuel to the tank.
Electronic overfill alarm devices have no mechanism to shut off or
restrict flow. Therefore, the fuel remaining in the delivery hose after
the delivery has been stopped will flow into the tank as long as the
tank is not yet full.
Product Level, j
Float
. Water Level
Hoar
Basic O&M Checklist For Overfill Alarms
Q A qualified UST contractor periodically checks your electronic overfill alarm to make sure that it is
functioning properly and that the alarm activates when the fuel reaches 90% of the tank capacity or
is within one minute of being overfilled:
Ensure that the alarm can be heard and/or seen from where the tank is fueled.
Make sure that the electronic device and probe are operating properly.
Q You have posted signs that the delivery person can easily see and that alert the delivery person to
the overfill warning devices and alarms in use at your facility.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 29
-------
What Should You Do
To Operate And Maintain
Your Bail Float Valve?
The ball float valve also called a float vent valve is
installed at the vent pipe in the tank and restricts vapor flow
in an UST as the tank gets close to being full. The ball float
valve should be set at a depth which will restrict vapor flow
out of the vent line during delivery at 90% of the UST's
capacity or 30 minutes prior to overfilling.
As the tank fills, the ball in the valve rises, restricting the
flow of vapors out of the UST during delivery. The flow rate
of the delivery will decrease noticeably and should alert the
delivery person to stop the delivery.
For ball float valves to work properly, the top of the tank must be air tight so that vapors
cannot escape from the tank. Everything from fittings to drain mechanisms on spill buckets
must be tight and be able to hold the pressure created when the ball float valve engages.
You should not use a ball float valve for overfill protection
if any of the following apply:
Your UST receives pressurized deliveries.
Your UST system has suction piping.
Your UST system has single point (coaxial) stage 1 vapor recovery.
Basic O&M Checklist For Ball Float Valves
Q A qualified UST contractor periodically checks to make sure that the ball float valve is functioning
properly and that- it will restrict fuel flowing into the tank at 90% of the tank capacity or 30 minutes
prior to overfilling:
. Ensure that the air hole is not plugged.
Make sure the ball cage is still intact.
Ensure the ball still moves freely in the cage.
Make sure the ball still seals tightly on the pipe.
Q You have posted signs that the delivery person can easily see and that alert the delivery person to
the overfill warning devices and alarms in use at your facility.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 30
-------
Spill And Overfill O&M Checklist
Spill
Bucket
Q
Q
Q
Keep your spill bucket empty of liquids,
Some spill buckets are equipped with a drainage valve which allows you to drain
accumulated fuel into to your UST. Others can be equipped with a manual pump so fuel
can be put into your UST by pumping it through the fill pipe. However, keep in mind that
when you pump out or drain your spill bucket into your UST, any water and debris may also
enter the UST. If a spill bucket is not equipped with a drain valve or pump, then any
accumulated fuel or water must be removed manually and disposed of properly.
Periodically check your spill bucket to remove any debris.
Debris could include soil, stones, or trash.
Periodically check to see if your spill bucket is still liquid tight.
Have a qualified UST contractor inspect your spill bucket for signs of wear, cracks, or
holes. Based on this inspection, the contractor may suggest a test to determine if the spill
bucket is tight or needs repair or replacement.
Automatic
Shutoff
Devices
Q A qualified UST contractor periodically checks to make sure that the automatic shutoff
device is functioning properly and that the device will shut off fuel flowing into the tank at
95% of the tank capacity or before the fittings at the top of the tank are exposed to fuel:
Make sure the float operates properly.
Make sure that there are no obstructions in the fill pipe that would keep the floating
mechanism from working.
Q You have posted signs that the delivery person can easily see and that alert the delivery
person to the overfill warning devices and alarms in use at your facility.
Overfill
Alarms
Q A qualified UST contractor periodically checks your electronic overfill alarm to make sure
that it is functioning properly and that the alarm activates when the fuel reaches 90% of the
tank capacity or is within one minute of being overfilled:
Ensure that the alarm can be heard and/or seen from where the tank is fueled.
Make sure that the electronic device and probe are operating properly.
Q You have posted signs that the delivery person can easily see and that alert the delivery
person to the overfill warning devices and alarms in use at your facility.
Ball
Float
Valves
Q A qualified UST contractor periodically checks to make sure that the ball float valve is
functioning properly and that it will restrict fuel flowing ihto the tank at 90% of the tank
capacity or 30 minutes prior to overfilling:
Ensure that the air hole is not plugged.
Make sure the ball cage is still intact.
Ensure the ball still moves freely in the cage.
Make sure the ball st;il seals tightly on the pipe.
Q You have posted signs that the delivery person can easily see and that alert the delivery
. person to the overfill warning devices and alarms in use at your facility.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 31
-------
What Are Your Responsibilities For
Correct Filling Practices?
As an owner or operator you are responsible for ensuring that releases due to spilling or
overfilling do not occur during fuel delivery.
As part of this responsibility, you must:
Ensure that the amount of product to be delivered will fit into the available empty space
in the tank; and
Ensure that the transfer operation is monitored constantly to prevent overfilling and
spilling.
One way help ensure the above requirements are met is to follow the checklist on the next
page. The checklist describes necessary activities before, during, and after a fuel delivery.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 32
-------
What To Do
Before
Filling
Your
USTs
Correct Filling Checklist
Q Post clear signs that alert delivery persons to the overfill devices and alarms in use at your
facility. 7 ^. ^ *
Q Make and record accurate readings for product and water in the tank before fuel delivery.
Q Order only the quantity of fuel that will fit into 90% of the tank.
REMEMBER, the formula for determining the maximum amount of gasoline to
order is:
(Tank capacity in gallons X 90%)
fuel to order
Product currently in tank = Maximum amount of
Q
Example: (10,000 gal X 0.9 ) 2,000 gal = 7,000 gal maximum amount to order
Ensure fuel delivery personnel know the type of overfill device present at the tank and what
actions to perform if it activates. For example, use sample sign on page 28 of this chapter.
Q Review and understand the spill response procedures.
Q Verify that your spill bucket is empty, clean, and will contain spills.
What To Do
While
Your
USTs
Are Being
Filled
Q Keep fill ports locked until the fuel delivery person requests access.
Q Have an accurate tank capacity chart available for the fuel delivery person.
Q The fuel delivery person makes all hook-ups. The person responsible for monitoring the
delivery should remain attentive and observe the entire fuel delivery, be prepared to stop
the flow of fuel from the truck to the UST at anytime, and respond to any unusual condition,
leak, or spill which may occur during delivery.
Q Have response supplies readily available for use in case a spill or overfill occurs (see
Sections).
Q Provide safety barriers around the fueling zone.
Q Make sure there is adequate lighting around the fueling zone.
What To Do
After
Filling
Your
USTs
Q Following complete delivery, the fuel delivery person is responsible for disconnecting all
hook-ups.
Q Return spill response kit and safety barriers to proper storage locations.
Q Make and record accurate readings for product and water in the tank after fuel delivery.
Q Verify the amount of fuel received.
Q Make sure fill ports are properly secured.
Q Ensure the spill bucket is free of product and clean up any small spills.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 33
-------
Section 5 Corrosion Protection
To prevent leaks, all parts of your UST system that are underground and routinely contain
product need to be protected from corrosion. The UST system includes the tank, piping,
and ancillary equipment, such as flexible connectors, fittings, and pumps. Unprotected
metal UST components can deteriorate and leak when underground electrical currents act
upon them. ,
One way to protect UST components from
corrosion is to make them with nonmetallic,
noncorrodible materials, such as USTs made
of (or clad or jacketed with) fiberglass reinforced
plastic (FRP) or other noncorrodible materials
as illustrated by the FRP tank on the right.
Noncorrodible USTs like these do not require
O&M for corrosion protection.
UST components made from metal, however,
that routinely contain product and are in direct
contact with the ground need corrosion protection provided by cathodic protection or (in
some cases) lining the interior of the tank, as described below. These options require
O&M.
NOTE: Metal tanks or piping installed after December 22,1988 must have a dielectric
coating (a coating that does not conduct electricity) in addition to the cathodic
protection described below.
Cathodic Protection Using Sacrificial
Anode Systems
Sacrificial anodes are buried and attached to UST
components for corrosion protection as
illustrated on the right by an anode attached to a
tank. Anodes are pieces of metal that are more
electrically active than steel, and thus they suffer
the destructive effects of corrosion rather than the
steel they are attached to.
Cathodic Protection Using Impressed Current Systems
An impressed current system as shown on
the right uses a rectifier to provide direct
current through anodes to the tank or piping to
achieve corrosion protection. The steel is
protected because the current going to the
steel overcomes the corrosion-causing current
flowing away from it. The cathodic protection
rectifier must always be on and operating
to protect your UST system from corrosion.
Reclifier
Grade
Current Path
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 34
-------
Corrosion Protection Using Internal Lining
Of The Tank
This corrosion protection option applies only to
tanks installed before December 22,1988.
These older tanks can be internally lined by
trained professionals to meet the corrosion
protection requirements as shown on the
right, in which a professional follows industry
codes to safely and effectively line a tank's
interior.
It may help you to see your corrosion protection options displayed in the following table.
Corrosipn Protection Choices
Option
Noncorrodible Material
Steel Tank Clad or Jacketed
with a Noncorrodibie Material
Coated and Cathodically
Protected Steel Tanks or
Piping
Cathodically Protected
Noncoated Steel Tanks or
Piping
Internal Lining of Tanks
Combination of Cathodically
Protected Steel and Internal
Lining of Tanks
Other Methods Used to
Achieve Corrosion Protection
Description
The tank or piping is constructed of noncorrodible material.
Examples of cladding or jacket material include fiberglass and
urethane. Does not apply to piping.
Steel tank and piping is well-coated with a dielectric material and
Cathodically protected.
This option is onlvfor steel tanks and oioina installed before
December 22. 1988. Cathodic protection is usually provided by an
impressed current system.
This ootion is onlv for steel tanks installed before December 22.
1 988. A linino. is applied to the inside of the tank. Does not apply tn
piping.
This option is onlv for steel tanks installed before December 22.
1988. Cathodic protection is usually provided by an impressed
current system. Does not apply to piping.
If you have tanks or piping that do not meet any of the descriptions
above, check with your state UST agency to see if your UST system
meets the requirements for corrosion protection. You also will need
to ask about the operation, maintenance, and recordkeeping
requirements applicable to this tvoe of UST system
NOTE: In addition to tanks and piping, all other metal components in direct contact with the
ground that routinely hold product such as flexible connectors, swing joints, fittings, and
pumps must also be Cathodically protected.
Use the O&M Checklist on the next page. Following the Checklist look
for recordkeeping forms and discussions of special corrosion
protection situations.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 35
-------
Basic O&M Checklist For Corrosion Protection
Sacrificial
Anode
Cathodic
Protection
Systems
Impressed
Current
Cathodic
Protection
Systems
Internally
Lined
Tanks
You need to have a periodic test conducted by a qualified corrosion tester to make
sure your cathodic protection system is adequately protecting your UST system.
This test needs to be conducted:
Q Within 6 months of installation.
Q At least every 3 years after the previous test.
Q Within 6 months after any repairs to your UST system.
Make sure that the professional tester is qualified to perform the test and follows a
standard code of practice to determine that test criteria are adequate.
If any test indicates that your tanks are not adequately protected, you need to have a
corrosion expert examine and fix your system.
Testing more frequently can catch problems before they become big problems.
Q You need to keep the results of at least the last two tests on file. See the next page
for a cathodic protection test recordkeeping form.
You need to have a periodic test conducted by a qualified corrosion tester to make
sure your cathodic protection system is adequately protecting your UST system.
This test needs to be conducted:
Q Within 6 months of installation.
Q At least every 3 years after the previous test.
Q Within 6 months after any repairs to your UST system.
Make sure that the professional tester is qualified to perform the test and follows a
standard code of practice to determine that test criteria are adequate.
If any test indicates that your tanks are not adequately protected, you need to have a
corrosion expert examine and fix your system.
Testing more frequently can catch problems before they become big problems.
Q You need to keep the results of at least the last two tests on file. See next page for
a cathodic protection test recordkeeping form.
Q You need to inspect your rectifier at least every 60 days to make sure that it is
operating within normal limits.
This inspection involves reading and recording the voltage and amperage readouts
on the rectifier. You or your employees can perform this periodic inspection.
Make sure that your cathodic protection professional provides you with the rectifier's
acceptable operating levels so that you can compare the readings you take with an
acceptable operating level. If your readings are not within acceptable levels, you
must contact a cathodic protection professional to address the problem.
Q You need to keep records of at least the last 3 rectifier readings. See page 39 for a
"60-Day Inspection Results" recordkeeping form.
Q You should have a trained professional periodically service your impressed
current system.
Q Never turn off your rectifier!
Q Within 10 years after lining and at least every 5 years thereafter, the lined tank must be
inspected by a trained professional and found to be structurally sound with the lining
still performing according to original design specifications. Make sure the professional
performing the inspection follows a standard code of practice.
Q Keep records of the inspection (as specified in industry standards for lining
inspections).
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 36
-------
Record for Periodic Testing of Cathodic Protection Systems
(for use by a qualified cathodic protection tester)
TEST DATE: / / FACILITY NAME/ID:
*i-- v5 ' -^ «'
NOTE: Provide site sketch as directed on the back of this page.
Cathodic Protection (CP) Tester Information:
Name: , Phone Number:.
Address:
Testing must be conducted by a qualified CP tester. Indicate your qualifications as a CP tester:
Identify which of the following testing situations applies:
Q Test required within 6 months of installation of CP system (installation date was __/__/__)
Q Test required at least every 3 years after installation test noted above
Q Test required within 6 months of any repair activity- note repair activity and date below:
Indicate which industry standard you used to determine that the Cathodic Protection test criteria are
adequate:
Cathodic Protection Test Method Used
(check one)
100 mV Cathodic Polarization Test
-850 mV Test (Circle 1 or 2 below)
1 ) Polarized Potential ("instant off") 2) Potential with CP
Note: All readings taken must meet the -850 mV criteria to pass
Applied, IR Drop Considered
Other Accepted Method (please describe):
Is the Cathodic Protection System working properly? Yes No
(circle one)
If answer is "No" go to the directions at the bottom on the back of this page.
My signature below affirms that I have sufficient education and experience to be a cathodic protection
tester; I am competent to perform the tests indicated above; and that the results on this form are a
complete and truthful record of all testing at this location on the date shown.
CP Tester Signature: 'Date:
KEEP THIS PAPER ON FILE FOR AT LEAST SIX YEARS
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 37
-------
Site Sketch: Provide a rough sketch of the tanks and piping, the location of each CP test,
and each voltage value obtained (use space below or attach separate drawing). Voltage
readings through concrete or asphalt do not provide accurate readings and are not
acceptable. Perform sufficient testing to evaluate the entire UST system.
If CP System fails test, you must have a corrosion expert fix the system.
If the answer was "NO" indicating that your CP system is not working, you must have a
corrosion expert investigate and fix the problem. A corrosion expert has additional
training, skills, and certification beyond the corrosion tester who filled out the bulk of this
form. A corrosion expert must be 1) accredited/certified by NACE International (The
Corrosion Society) as a corrosion specialist or cathodic protection specialist, or 2) be a
registered professional engineer with certification or licensing in corrosion control. As long
as°you have the UST, be sure you keep a record that clearly documents what the
corrosion expert did to fix your CP system.
KEEP THIS PAPER ON FILE FOR AT LEAST SIX YEARS
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 38
-------
60-Day Inspection Results for
Impressed Current Cathodic Protection Systems
FACILITY NAME:
AMP RANGE RECOMMENDED:
VOLTAGE RANGE RECOMMENDED:
Date
Your Name
Voltage
Reading
Amp
Reading
Is Your System Running
Properly? (Yes/No)
If the rectifier voltage and/or amperage output(s) are outside the recommended
operating levels/contact a cathodic protect! >n expert to address the problem.
Never turn off your rectifier.
KEEP THIS RECORD FOR AT LEAST 6 MONTHS AFTER THE DATE OF THE LAST
READING
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 39
-------
Some Special Corrosion Protection Situations
What If you have an STI-P3 tank with a PP4 test station?
If you have a PP4 test station installed with an STI-P3 tank, you may perform the periodic
testing of your cathodic protection system by using the meter provided to you with the PP4
test station.
Don't forget to record the result of the reading and keep at least the last two results.
» If your test readings do not pass, you must take action to correct the problem. Call your
installer and ask that the corrosion expert who designed the system examine it and
correct the problem.
What if you combine internal lining and cathodic protection?
If you chose the combination of internal lining and cathodic protection for meeting corrosion
protection requirements on your UST, you may not have to meet the periodic inspection
requirement for the lined tank. However, you must always meet the requirements for
checking and testing your cathodic protection system as described in the Basic O&M
Checklist For Corrosion Protection on the page 36. The 10-year and subsequent
5-year inspections of the lined tank are not required if the integrity of the tank was ensured
when cathodic protection was added. You should be able to show an inspector
documentation of the passed integrity assessment.
Example 1:
If you have cathodic protection and internal lining applied to your tank at the same time,
periodic inspections of the lined tank are not required because an integrity assessment of
the tank is required prior to adding the cathodic protection and internal lining.
Example 2:
If you had cathodic protection added to a tank in 1997 that was internally lined in 1994 and
the contractor did not perform an integrity assessment of the tank at the time cathodic
protection was added (or you cannot show an inspector documentation of the passed
integrity assessment), then periodic inspections of the lined tank are required because you
cannot prove that the tank was structurally sound and free of corrosion holes when the
cathodic protection was added. The lined tank needs to be periodically inspected because
the lining may be the only barrier between your gasoline and the surrounding environment.
What if you have a double-walled steel UST with interstitial monitoring and cathodic
protection?
If you have a cathodically protected double-walled steel tank and you use interstitial
monitoring capable of detecting a breach in both the inner and outer wall or ingress of
product and water as your method of leak detection, then you should monitor your cathodic
protection system within six months of installation and following any activity that could
affect the CP system.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 40
-------
='£-
ff you are using impressed current cathodic protection, you still need to perform the 60-day
checks of your recifier to make sure that it is operating within normal limits.
Testing the cathodic protection system more frequently may help catch problems
quicker.
If your test readings do not pass, you must take action to correct the problem. Call your
installer and ask that the corrosion expert who designed the system examine it and
correct the problem.
Don't forget to keep at least the last two results of your cathodic protection testing.
Do all UST sites need corrosion protection?
A corrosion expert may be able to determine that the soil at an UST site is not conducive to
corrosion and will not cause the tank or piping to have a release during its operating life. If
so, you must keep a record of that corrosion expert's analysis for the life of the tank or
piping to demonstrate why your UST has no corrosion protection.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 41
-------
Section 6 Frequent Walk-Through Inspections
You should conduct basic walk-through inspections of your facility at least monthly to
make sure that your essential equipment is working properly and that you have release
response supplies on hand.
These inspections would not be as thorough as following the O&M checklists presented
earlier in this booklet, but they can provide a quick overview you can do more often than
the longer checklists. You might think of this level of inspection as sort of like the
dashboard indicators we respond to in our automobiles that provide us with status warnings
like "low battery."
When you perform your walk-through inspection you should quickly check at least the
following:
Release Detection System: Is your release detection equipment working properly? For
example, did you run a quick "self-test" of the ATG to verify it's working properly? Or did
you check your manual dip stick to make sure it's not warped or worn?
Spill Buckets: Are spill buckets clean, empty, and in good shape?
Overfill Alarm (If you have one): Is your overfill alarm working and easily seen or
heard?
-Impressed Current Cathodic Protection System (if you have one): Is your cathodic
protection system turned on? Are you checking your rectifier at least every 60 days?
Fill and Monitoring Ports: Are covers and caps tightly sealed and locked?
Spill and Overfill Response Supplies: Do you have the appropriate supplies for
cleaning up a spill or overfill?
In addition, good LIST site management should also include the following quick visual
checks:
" Dispenser Hoses, Nozzles, and Breakaways: Are they in good condition and working
properly?
* Dispenser and Dispenser Sumps: Any signs of leaking? Are the sumps clean and
empty?
Piping Sumps: Any signs of leaking? Are the sumps clean and empty?
If you find any problems during the inspection, you or your UST contractor need to take
action quickly to resolve these problems and avoid serious releases.
A frequent walk-through checklist is provided for your use on the next page.
Operating and Maintaining USTs 42
-------
i ;
Frequent Walk-Throug^ Inspection Checklist
Date of Inspection
Release Detection System: Inspect for
proper operation.
Spill Buckets: Ensure spill buckets are
clean and empty.
Overfill Alarm: Inspect for proper operation.
Can a delivery person hear or see the alarm
when it alarms?
Impressed Current System: Inspect for
proper operation.
Fill and Monitoring Ports: Inspect all
fill/monitoring ports and other access points
to make sure that the covers and caps are
tightly sealed and locked.
Spill and Overfill Response Supplies:
Inventory and inspect the emergency spill
response supplies. If the supplies are low,
restock the supplies. Inspect supplies for
deterioration and improper functioning.
Dispenser Hoses, Nozzles, and
Breakaways: Inspect for loose fittings,
deterioration, obvious signs of leakage, and
improper functioning.
Dispenser and Dispenser Sumps: Open
each dispenser and inspect all visible piping,
fittings, and couplings for any signs of
leakage. If any water or product is present,
remove it and dispose of it properly. Remove
any debris from the sump.
Piping Sumps: Inspect all visible piping,
fittings, and couplings for any signs of
leakage. If any water or product is present,
remove it and dispose of it properly. Remove
any debris from the sump.
Your initials in each box below the date of- the inspection r idicate that the device/system was
inspected and OK on that date.
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 43
-------
Section 7 For More Information
This section identifies UST program contacts and other resources that can help
answer your questions and provide you with information about good UST
management.
Internet Resources
Government Links
Directory of State UST Program Contacts: http://www.epa.gov/oust/states/statcon 1 .htm
Directory of State UST Program Internet Sites:
http://www.epa.gov/oust/states/stateurl.htm
" U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Underground Storage Tanks Home
Page: http://www.epa.gov/oust. To go directly to the compliance assistance section of
the Home page go to : http://www.epa.gov/swerust1/cmplastc/index.htm
Tanks Subcommittee of the Association of State and Territorial Solid Waste
Management Officials (ASTSWMO): http://www.astswmo.org/tanks.htm
New England Interstate Water Pollution Control Commission (NEIWPCC):
http://www.neiwpcc.org/educate.htmltlinks
Professional And Trade Association Links
American Petroleum Institute (API): http://www.api.org/
» American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM): http://www.astm.org/index.html
Fiberglass Tank and Pipe Institute (FTPI): http://www.fiberglasstankandpipe.com
NACE International - The Corrosion Society: http://www.nace.org/
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA): http://www.nfpa.org
Petroleum Equipment Institute (PEI): http://www.pei.org
Steel Tank Institute (STI): http://www.steeltank.com/
Underwriters Laboratories (UL): http://www.ul.com
Free Informative Publications Available
The publications listed below are free and available from the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA). You can access these publications in the following ways.
Go to EPA's Web site at http://www.epa.gov/swerust1/pubs/index.htm to order, read, or
download documents online.
Call EPA's toll-free RCRA/Superfund Hotline at (800) 424-9346 and order free copies or
ask questions.
Write and ask for free publications by addressing your request to EPA's publication
distributor: National Service Center for Environmental Publications (NSCEP), Box 42419,
Cincinnati, OH 45242.
For free copies, call EPA's publication distributor's toll-free number at (800) 490-9198 or
fax (513) 489-8695.
Fax-on-Demand: Dial (202) 651 -2098 on your fax to access over 220 UST documents.
Catalog Of EPA Materials On USTs
An annotated list of UST materials, including ordering information. Most of the leaflets, booklets,
videos, and software items listed provide UST owners and operators with information to help them
comply with federal UST requirements (32 pages).
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 44
-------
Musts For USTs: A Summary Of Federal Regulations For Underground Storage Tank Systems
Plain language summary of federal UST requirements for installation, release detection, spill, overfill,
and corrosion protection, corrective action, closure, reporting and recordkeepinq. Updated & revised
1995 (36 pages).
Straight Talk On Tanks: Leak Deletion Methods For Petroleum Underground Storage Tanks
Explains federal regulatory requirements for leak detection and briefly describes allowable leak
detection methods.
Updated & revised 1997 (28 pages).
Getting The Most Out Of Your Automatic Tank Gauging System
Trifold leaflet provides UST owners and operators with a basic checklist they can use to make sure
their automatic tank gauging systems work effectively and provide compliance with federal leak
detection requirements.
Doing Inventory Control Right: For Underground Storage Tanks
Booklet describes how owners and operators of USTs can use inventory control and periodic
tightness testing to temporarily meet federal leak detection requirements. Contains recordkeepinq
forms (16 pages).
Manual Tank Gauging: For Small Underground Storage Tanks
Booklet provides simple, step-by-step directions for conducting manual tank gauging for tanks 2,000
gallons or smaller. Contains recordkeeping forms (12 pages).
List Of Leak Detection Evaluations For UST Systems
A summary of specifications, .based on third-party certifications, for over 275 systems that detect
leaks from USTs and their piping. Each summary provides information on such items as certified
detectable leak rate/threshold, test period duration, product applicability, calibration requirements,
restrictions on the use of the device, and so on.
List Of Integrity Assessment Evaluations For USTs
A list of integrity assessment procedures that have been successfully evaluated and certified by a
qualified independent third party to meet specified performance criteria.
Introduction To Statistical Inventory Reconciliation: For Underground Storage Tanks
Booklet describes how Statistical Inventory Reconciliation (SIR) can meet federal leak detection
requirements (12 pages).
Are You Upgrading An Underground Storage Tank System?
Trifold leaflet can help UST owners and operators make sound decisions about choosing tank
integrity assessment methods and upgrading USTs to meet 1998 deadline requirements.
Closing Underground Storage Tanks: Brief Facts
Trifold leaflet presents "brief facts" on properly closing USTs in order to comply with federal closure
requirements.
Underground Storage Tanks: Requirements And Options
Trifold leaflet alerts UST owners and operators who are "nonmarketers" (who do not sell stored
petroleum) that they need either to find alternatives to managing their USTs or to make decisions
about UST compliance.
Dollars And Sense: Financial Responsibility Requirements For Underground Storage Tanks
Booklet summarizes the "financial responsibility" required of UST owners and operators (16 pages).
List Of Known Insurance Providers For Underground Storage Tanks
Provides UST owners and operators with a list of insurance providers who may be able to help them
comply with financial responsibility requirements by providing suitable insurance mechanisms (12
pages).
An Overview Of Underground Storage Tank Remediation Options
Information about technologies for remediating petroleum contamination in soil and groundwater (26
pages).
Controlling UST Cleanup Costs
Fact sheet series on the cleanup process includes: Hiring a Contractor, Negotiating the Contract,
Interpreting the Bill, Managing the Process, and Understanding Contractor Code Words (10 pages).
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 45
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Pay-For-Performance Cleanups: Effectively Managing Underground Storage Tank Cleanups
Booklet explores potential advantages of using pay-for-performance cleanup agreements to reduce the
cost and time of cleanups and more effectively manage cleanup resources (32 pages).
Financing Underground Storage Tank Work: Federal And State Assistance Programs
Booklet identifies potential sources of financial assistance to cover the costs of upgrading, replacing, or
closing an UST, or of cleaning up an LIST release (23 pages). Revised and updated, March 1999.
State Regulatory Agency Contact List
Please note that contact information frequently changes. The information below, even if not exactly
correct on the day you want to use it, should get you pointed in the right direction. Regularly
updated contact information can be found by calling EPA's RCRA/Superfund Hotline at (800) 424-
9346. Also, you can get updated Web addresses from EPA's Web site at
http://www.epa.gov/oust/states/statcon1.htm
Alabama
Alabama Dept. of Environmental
Management
Groundwater Branch/UST Prog.
P.O. Box 301463
Montgomery, AL 36130-1463
UST Phone: (334) 271-7759
LUST Phone: (334) 270-5613
Fax: (334) 270-5631
(Street address: 1400 Coliseum
Blvd., ZIP: 36110-2059)
Alaska
Alaska Dept. of Environmental
Conservation
410WllloughbyAve.
Juneau, AK 99801-1795
Phone: (907) 465-5200
Fax:(907)465-5218
Arkansas
Arkansas Dept. of Environmental
Quality
Regulated Storage Tanks Division
P.O. Box 8913
Little Rook, AR 72209-8913
Phone: (501) 682-0999
Fax:(501)682-0880
(Street address: 8001 National
Drive, ZIP: 72209)
Arizona
UST Contact
Arizona Dept. of Environmental
Quality
Waste Programs Division
UST & Program Support Section
3033 North Central Ave.
Phoenix, AZ 85012-2905
Phone: (602) 207-4255
Fax: (602) 207-4346
LUST Contact
Arizona Dept. of Environmental
Quality
Waste Programs Division
UST Corrective Action Section
3033 North Central Ave.
Phoenix, AZ 85012-2905
Phone: (602) 207-4303
Fax: (602) 207-4346
California
California State Water Resources
Control Board
UST Program
P.O. Box944212
Sacramento, CA 94244-2120
Phone:(916)227-4313
Fax: (916) 227-4349
(Street address: 2014 T Street,
Suite 130, ZIP: 95814)
Colorado
Colorado Dept. of Labor and
Employment
Oil Inspection Section
1515 ArapahoeSt.
TowerS, Suite 610
Denver, CO 80202-2117
Phone: (303) 620-4300
Fax: (303) 620-4028
Connecticut
Connecticut Dept. of Environmental
Protection
Bureau of Waste Management
UST Program
State Office Bldg.
79 Elm Street
Hartford, CT 06106-5127
UST Phone: (860) 424-3374
LUST Phone: (860) 424-3376
Fax: (860) 424-4061
Delaware
Delaware Dept. of Natural
Resources & Environmental
1 Control
Early Compl. & Detect. Incentive
Program
Key
UST a Underground Storage Tank
LUST = Leaking UST
UST Branch
391 Lukens Dr., Riveredge Park
Newcastle, DE 19720
Phone: (302) 395-2500
Fax: (302) 395-2601
District of Columbia
DC Dept. of Health
Environmental Health Admin.
Bur. Of Hazardous Materials & Toxic
Substances
UST Division, 5th Floor
51 N Street, NE
Washington, DC 20002
Phone: (202) 535-2525/-2500
Fax: (202) 442-4808
Florida
Florida Dept. of Environmental Protection
Waste Management
Bur. of Petroleum Storage Systems
Twin Towers Office Bldg.
Room 403, MS 4525
2600 Blair Stone Road
Tallahassee, FL 32399-2400
Phone: (850) 483-3935
Fax:(850)414-1521
Georgia
Georgia Dept. of Natural Resources
Environmental Protection Div.
UST Management Program
4244 International Parkway
Suite 110
Atlanta, GA 30354
Phone: (404) 362-2687
Fax: (404) 362-2654
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 46
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Hawaii
Hawaii Dept. of Health
Solid and Hazardous Waste Br.
919 Ala Moana Blvd.
Suite 212
Honolulu, HI 96814
Phone: (808) 586-4226
Fax: (808) 586-7509
Idaho
Idaho Div. of Environmental Quality
UST Program
1410 North Hilton
Boise, ID 83706
Phone: (208) 373-0502
Fax:(208)373-0576
Illinois
UST Contact:
Illinois Office of State Fire Marshal
Div. of Petroleum & Chemical Safety
1035Stephenson Dr.
Springfield, IL 62703
Phone:(217)785-5878
Fax:(217)782-1062
LUST Contact:
Illinois EPA, Bureau of Land
Div. of Remediation Mgmt.
LUST Section
1021 North Grand Ave. East
Springfield, IL 62794-9276
Phone:(217)782-6762
Fax:(217)524-4193
Indiana
Indiana Dept. of Environmental
Mgmt.
Office of Environmental Response
UST Section
P.O. Box 6015
Indianapolis, IN 46206-6015
UST Phone: (317) 308-3064
LUST Phone: (317) 308-3080
Fax:(317)308-3086
(Street address: 2525 N. Shadeland
Ave., ZIP: 46219)
Iowa
Iowa Dept. of Natural Resources
EPD/UST Section
Wallace State Office Bldg.
502 East 9th St.
Des Moines, IA 50319-0034
Phone:(515)281-8135
Fax:(515)281-8895
Kansas
Kansas Dept. of Health &
Environment
Bureau of Environmental
Remediation
Storage Tank Section
Forbes Field, Bldg. 740
Topeka, KS 66620
Phone:(785)296-1678
Fax: (785) 296-6190
Kentucky
Kentucky Division of Waste
Management ^
USTBrandh - *
UReillyRoad
Frankfort, KY 40601
Phone:(502)564-6716
Fax:(502)564-1939
Louisiana
Louisiana Dept. of Environmental
Quality
Office of Environ. Assessments
UST Division
P.O. Box82178
Baton Rouge, LA 70884-2178
Phone: (225) 765-0243
Fax: (225) 765-0366
(Street Address:7290 Bluebonnet
Blvd., ZIP: 70810)
Maine
Maine Dept. of Environmental
Protection
Bur. of Remediation and Waste
Management
Oil & Hazardous Waste Facilities
Regulation Div.
Ray Bldg., 17 State House Station
Augusta, ME 04333-0017
Phone: (207) 287-2651
Fax: (207) 287-7826
Maryland
Maryland Dept. of Environment
Waste Management Admin.
Oil Control Program
2500 Broening Highway
Baltimore, MD 21224
Phone:(410)631-3442
Fax:(410)631-3092
Massachusetts
UST Contact:
Massachusetts Dept. of Fire
Services
Underground Storage Tank Program
P.O. Box 1025, State Road
Stow, MA 01775
Phone: (978) 567-3300
Fax:(978)567-3199
LUST Contact:
Massachusetts Dept. of
Environmental Protection
Bur. of Waste Site Cleanup
Response & Remed. Div.
One Winter Street
Boston, MA 02108
Phone:(617)556-1044
Fax:(617)292-5530
Michigan
Michigan Dept. of Environmental Quality
Storage Tank Division
P.O. Box30157
Lansing, Ml 48909-7657
Phone:(517)373-8168
Fax:(517)335-2245
Minnesota
Minnesota Pollution Control Agcy
Underground Storage Tank Sys.
520 Lafayette Road North
St. Paul, MN 55155-4194
UST Phone: (651) 297-8367
LUST Phone: (651) 297-8574
Fax:(651)297-8676
Mississippi
Mississippi Dept. of Environmental Quality
Office of Pollution Control
UST Program
P.O. Box 10385
Jackson, MS 39289-0385
Phone:(601)961-5171
Fax: (601) 354-6612
(Street address: 2380 Hwy 80 West,
ZIP: 39204)
Missouri
Missouri Dept. of Natural Resources
Hazardous Waste Program
Tanks Section
P.O. Box 176
Jefferson City, MO 65102-0176
Phone: (573) 751-6822
Fax: (573) 526-8922
Montana
Montana Dept. of Environmental Quality
Remediation Division
P.O. Box 200901
Helena, MT 59620-0901
Phone: (406) 444-1420
Fax:(406)444-1901
(Street address: 2209 Phoenix Ave.)
Nebraska
UST Contact:
Nebraska State Fire Marshal
Flammable Liquid Storage Tank Division
246 South 14th Street
Lincoln, NE 68508-1804
Phone:(402)471-9465
Fax:(402)471-3118
LUST Contact:
Nebraska Dept. of Environmental Quality
Water Quality Division
LUST/ER Section
1200 N St., Suite 400
Box 98922
Lincoln, NE 68509
Phone: (402) 471-4230
Fax:(402)471-2909
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 47
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Nevada
Nevada Dept. of Conservation &
Natural Resources
Environmental Protection Div
Bureau of Corrective Action
333 W.Nye Lane
Carson City, NV 89706-0851
Phone: (775) 687-5872
Fax: (775) 687-6396
New Hampshire
New Hampshire Dept. of
Environmental Services
Oil Remediation & Compliance
Bureau
P.O. Box 95
6 Hazen Drive
Concord, NH 03301
Phone:(603)271-3644
Fax:(603)271-2181
New Jersey
New Jersey Dept. of Environmental
Protection
Responsible Party Site Remediation
401 East State St. (CN-028)
Trenton, NJ 08625-0028
Phone: (609) 292-8761
Fax: (609) 633-1454
New Mexico
New Mexico Environment Dept.
UST Bureau
P.O. Box26110
1190 St. Francis Dr.
Harold Runnels Bldg.
Santa Fe, NM 87502-0110
Phone:(505)827-0188
Fax:(505)827-0310
New York
New York Dept. of Environmental
Conservation
Bulk Storage Section
50 Wolf Road, Rm 360
Albany, NY 12233-3750
Phone: (518) 457-4351
Fax:(518)457-4332
North Carolina
North Carolina Dept. of Environment
& Natural Resources
Div. of Waste Management
UST Section
P.O. Box 29616
Raleigh, NC 27626-0616
Phone: (919) 733-8486
Fax:(919)733-9413
(Street Address: 2728 Capital Blvd.,
ZIP: 27604)
North Dakota
North Dakota Dept. of Health
Div. of Waste Management
UST Program
1200 Missouri Ave.
P.O. Box 5520
Bismarck, ND 58506-5520
Phone:(701)328-5166
Fax: (701) 328-5200
Ohio
Ohio Dept. of Commerce
Div. of State Fire Marshal
Bureau of UST Regulations
P.O. Box 687
6606 Tussing Road
Reynoldsburg, OH 43068-9009
Phone: (614) 752-7938
Fax:(614)752-7942
Oklahoma
Oklahoma Corp. Commission
Petroleum Storage Tank Div.
P.O. BOX52000-2000
2101 North Lincoln Blvd.
Oklahoma City, OK 73152-2000
UST Phone: (405) 521 -3107
LUST Phone: (405) 521-3503
Fax:(405)521-6576
Oregon
Oregon Dept. of Environmental
Quality
UST Program
811 SW Sixth Ave.
8th Floor
Portland, OR 97204
Phone:(503)229-5913
Fax: (503) 229-6954
Pennsylvania
UST Contact:
Pennsylvania Dept. of Environmental
Protection
Bur. of Watershed Conserv.
Div. of Storage Tanks
P.O. Box 8762
Harrisburg, PA 17105-8762
Toll-free UST: 1r800-42TANKS
Phone:(717)772-5599
Fax: (717) 772-5598
(Street Address: 400 Market St.,
10th Floor)
LUST Contact:
Pennsylvania Dept. of Environmental
Protection
Bur. of Land Recycling & Waste
Management
Storage Tank Cleanup Program
P.O. Box 8471
Harrisburg, PA 17105-8471
Phone: (717) 783-7509
Fax: (717) 787-0884
(Street Address: 400 Market St.,14th
Floor)
Rhode Island
Rhode Island Dept. of Environmental
Management
Office of Waste Management
UST/LUST Section
235 Promenade St.
Providence, Rl 02908-5767
Phone:(401)222-2797
Fax:(401)222-3812
South Carolina
South Carolina Dept. of Health and
Environmental Control
Div. of UST Management
2600 Bull St.
Columbia, SC 29201
Phone: (803) 898-4350
Fax: (803) 898-4330
South Dakota
South Dakota Dept. of Environment and
Natural Resources
UST Program
Joe Foss Bldg.
523 East Capitol
Pierre, SD 57501
Phone: (605) 773-3296
Fax: (605) 773-6035
Tennessee
Tennessee Dept. of Environment and
Conservation
Division of USTs
4th Floor, L & C Tower
401 Church St.
Nashville, TN 37243-1541
Phone:(615)532-0945
Fax:(615)532-0938
Texas
UST Contact:
Texas Natural Resources Conservation
Commission
Registration and Evaluation Div.
Technical Services Section
MC: 135
P.O. Box13087
Austin, TX 78711-3087
Phone:(512)239-2182
Fax:(512)239-1422
LUST Contact:
Texas Natural Resources
Conservation Commission
Remediation Division
PST Responsible Party Remediation
Section
MC:137
P.O. 6ox 13087
Austin, TX 78711-3087
Phone: (512) 239-2200
Fax:(512)239-2216
(Street address:12100 Park 35 Circle,
ZIP:78753)
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 48
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Utah
Utah Dept. of Environmental Quality
Div. of Environmental Response and
Remediation
UST Branch
P.O. Box144840
Salt Lake City, UT 84114-4840
Phone:(801)536-4100
Fax:(801)359-8853
(Street address: 168 North 1950
West.lst Floor, ZIP 84116)
Vermont
Vermont Agency of Natural
Resources
Dept. of Environmental Conservation
Waste Management Div.
UST Program
103 South Main St.
West Bldg.
Waterbury.VT 05671-0404
Phone: (802) 241-3888
Fax:(802)241-3296
Virginia
Virginia Dept. of Environmental
Quality
UST Program
P.O. Box 10009
Richmond, VA 23240-0009
UST Phone: (804) 698-4313
LUST Phone: (804) 698-4269
Fax: (804) 698-4266
Washington
Washington State Dept. of Ecology
Toxics Cleanup Program
P.O. Box47600
Olympia.WA 98504-7600
Phone: (360) 407-7170
Fax:(360)407-7154
(Street address:300 Desmond Dr.,
Lacey, WA, ZIP:98503)
West Virginia
UST Contact:
West Virginia Div. of Environmental
Protection
Office of Waste Management
UST Unit
1356HansfordSt.
Charleston, WV 25301-1401
Phone: (304) 558-6371
Fax:(304)558-2387
LUST Contact:
West Virginia Div. of Environmental
Protection
Office of Environmental Remed.
LUST Unit
1356HansfordSt.
Charleston, WV 25301-1401
Phone: (304) 558-2508
Fax: (304) 558-0256
Wisconsin
UST CONTACT:
Wisconsin Dept. of Commerce
Bur. of Storage Tank Regulation
P.O. Box7837
Madison, Wl 53707-J837
Phone: (608)566-7874S
Fax: (608) 261-7725
(Street address: 201 West
Washington Ave., 3rd Floor,
ZiP:53703)
LUST Contact:
Wisconsin Dept. of Natural
Resources
Bur. of Remed. & Redev.
P.O. Box 7921
Madison, Wl 53707-7921
Phone: (608) 267-7533
Fax:(608)267-7646
Wyoming
Wyoming Dept. of Environmental
Quality
Water Quality Division
Herschler Bldg.-4th Floor West
122 West 25th St.
Cheyenne, WY 82002
Phone: (307) 777-7096
Fax: (307) 777-5973
U.S. Territories
American Samoa
American Samoa Environmental
Protection Agency
Office of the Governor
American Samoa Government
ATTN: UST/LUST Program
Pago Pago, AS 96799
Phone: 011 -^684-639-2304
Fax:011-684-633-5801
Northern Mariana Islands
Div. of Environmental Quality
Commonwealth of Northern Mariana
Islands
P.O. Box1304
Saipan, MP 96950
Phone: 011-670-664-8550
Fax:011-670-664-8540
Guam
Guam Environmental Protection
Agency
P.O. Box 22439 GMF
Barrigada, GU 96921
Phone: 011-671-475-1609
Fax:011-671-475-1618
Puerto Rico
Environmental Quality Board
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico
P.O. Box11488
Santurce, PR 00910
Phone:(787)767-8109
Fax:(787)767-1962
Virgin Islands
Virgin Islands Dept. of Planning and
Natural Resources
1118 Water Gut Homes
Christiansted
St. Croix, VI 00820-5065
Phone:(340)773-0565
Fax: (340) 773-9310
Operating And Maintaining UST Systems 49
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