United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Solid Waste
and Emergency Response
(5305W)
EPA530-F-96-032
June 1996
Hazardous Waste
Requirements for Large
Quantity Generators
If you are a Large Quantity
Generator (LQG) of hazardous
waste, you must comply with the full
set of federal hazardous waste regula-
tions. You are considered an LQG if
you generate more than 2,200 Ibs
(1,000 kg) of hazardous waste or more
than 2.2 Ibs (1 kg) of acute hazardous
waste per calendar month. To assist
your business in learning about these
requirements, the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) has prepared
this summary fact sheet. This is only
a summary and does not include all
of the LQG requirements.
For more information, call the
RCRA Hotline at 800 424-9346 or
TDD 800 553-7672 (hearing
impaired). Callers in the Washington,
D.C., metropolitan area may dial
703 412-9810 or TDD 703 412-3323-
Additionally, you can refer to Title 40
of the Code of Federal Regulations Part
262 (40 CFR Part 262) or EPAs
handbook, Understanding Hazardous
Waste Rules: A Handbook for Small
Businesses1996 Update (EPA docu-
ment number 530-K-95-001), for a
more detailed discussion of some of
these issues. Be sure to check with
your state hazardous waste agency as
well, as some states have additional or
more stringent requirements than the
federal government.
Identifying the Hazardous
Wastes You Generate
40 CFR 262.10 and Part 268
You must determine if any of the
solid wastes you generate are
hazardous so that you will be able to
manage, report, and track them
properly. Hazardous wastes can be:
Listed wastes. These wastes will
appear on one of four lists pub-
lished in 40 CFR Part 261.
Characteristic wastes. Certain
wastes are considered hazardous if
they are ignitable, corrosive,
reactive, or toxic.
To determine if your wastes exhibit
a characteristic, you may use EPA-
approved test methods or apply your
knowledge of the waste. If waste is to
be land disposed, you must determine
if your wastes exhibit any characteris-
tics, even if they are listed wastes.
Under the Land Disposal Restrictions
(LDRs), most hazardous wastes may
not be land disposed until they meet
"treatment standards." It is your
responsibility to ensure that your
waste is treated to these standards.
To learn about these requirements,
call the RCRA Hotline or your state
agencies or Regional Office.
> Printed on paper that contains at least 20 percent postconsumer fiber.
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Determining Your
Generator Category
40 CFR 262.10[b] and
261.5[b] and [c]
If you are not sure if you are an
LQG, you should measure the
amount of hazardous waste you
generate per calendar month. Be sure
to measure wastes that are:
Accumulated on site for any time
before disposal or recycling.
Placed directly into an on-site
treatment or disposal unit.
Generated as still bottoms or
sludges and removed from
product storage tanks.
Obtaining an EPA
Identification Number
40 CFR 262.12
Identification numbers are required
for persons that generate or man-
age hazardous waste, including small
and large quantity generators, trans-
porters, and treatment, storage, and
disposal facilities. You will need an
EPA identification number for each
site that generates hazardous waste.
To find out where to call to obtain
an identification number, contact the
RCRA Hotline. Once you have con-
tacted the proper authority, you will
be sent EPA Form 8700-12,
Notification of Regulated Waste
Activity. Fill out the form and send it
to the contact listed with the form.
An EPA identification number will
be returned to you for each location.
Preparing Hazardous
Waste for Shipment
Off Site
40 CFR 262.30262.33
You must package, label, and
mark your waste containers and
placard vehicles that carry the wastes,
following Department of
Transportation (DOT) Hazardous
Materials Transportation Act require-
ments (49 CFR Parts 172, 173, 178,
and 179). Commercial waste han-
dlers can advise you on the proper
procedure, but you remain responsi-
ble for compliance.
For further information, call the
DOT Hazardous Materials
Information Line at 202 366-4488.
Obtaining a Manifest
40 CFR 262.20262.23,
262.42
A hazardous waste manifest must
accompany all hazardous waste
that is shipped off site. A manifest is
a multipart form designed to track
hazardous waste from the time it
leaves the generation site until it
reaches the TSDF specified on the
manifest. The manifest will help you
to track your waste during shipment
and make sure it arrives at the proper
destination.
You should use the manifest form
from the destination state. If the
destination state does not print the
manifest form, then use one from
the state of origin or another source,
if the state of origin does not print
the manifest. The federal form is the
Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest
(EPA Form 8700-22). The trans-
porter and the permitted facility that
treats or disposes of your waste must
sign the manifest and send a copy
back to you.
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Managing Hazardous
Waste On Site
40 CFR 262.34
You may accumulate any quantity
of waste in containers, tanks, drip
pads, and containment buildings for up
to 90 days without a permit, provided
that you meet the technical standards
for the containment unit. LQGs that
meet all technical standards for haz-
ardous waste accumulation also may
treat the waste without obtaining a
RCRA permit. Generators must clearly
mark the date that accumulation begins
on each container storing hazardous
waste so that it is visible for inspection.
LQGs are also responsible for
complying with "preparedness and
prevention" requirements in the event
of emergencies. In addition, you must
prepare a written contingency plan
and train employees on hazardous
waste management and emergency
response.
If your facility accumulates wastes
for more than 90 days, it is consid-
ered a storage facility and must follow
regulations described in 40 CFR Parts
264 and 270, unless you have been
granted an extension by your EPA
Regional Administrator.
Reporting
40 CFR 262.41262.43
Biennial Reporting
You are responsible for submitting
a Biennial Report to your EPA
Regional Office. Reports submitted
for offsite shipping must include your
EPA identification number, informa-
tion for the transporter and permitted
facility, a description and quantity of
waste, actions you have taken to
reduce the volume and toxicity of the
waste, and the results of those
actions. These reports give EPA a
better understanding of national
hazardous waste generation and
disposal. They can also be used to
promote pollution prevention. Some
states might require you to report
annually.
If you only export hazardous
wastes, you are not required to
submit a Biennial Report. You do,
however, have to submit an annual
report (40 CFR 262.56). Call the
RCRA Hotline for more information.
Exception Reporting
If you do not receive a signed mani-
fest from the final destination of
your hazardous waste:
After 35 days, you must attempt
to locate the hazardous waste by
contacting the permitted facility.
After 45 days, you must submit to
your EPA Regional Office an
Exception Report that contains a
copy of the original manifest and
a cover letter describing your
efforts to locate the shipment and
the results of your efforts.
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Recordkeeping
40 CFR 262.40
Be sure to retain the following
records at the facility for at
least 3 years: signed manifests,
biennial and exception reports, test
results, and waste analyses. The
3-year period is automatically
extended during the course of any
unresolved enforcement actions.
Complying with Land
Disposal Restrictions
40 CFR Part 268
Wastes must meet certain treat-
ment standards prior to land
disposal. When you transport your
waste to a treatment facility, you
must send a notice informing the
facility that the waste does not yet
meet treatment standards. The notice
should contain enough information
about the waste and the applicable
standards so that the facility can
make sure that the appropriate stan-
dards are met before disposal. A
certification is required in some
situations. You can contact the RCRA
Hotline, your state agency, or EPA
Regional office for help with notifica-
tion and certification requirements. If
you treat your waste on site, you
must maintain a waste analysis plan.
Export/Import
Requirements
40 CFR Part 262, Subpart E
If you plan to export hazardous
wastes, you will have to notify EPA
60 days before the intended date of
shipment to obtain written consent.
Also, EPAs "Acknowledgement of
Consent" document, which is filled
out by the receiving country, must
accompany the shipment at all times.
Hazardous waste management
facilities receiving waste from a for-
eign source must notify the EPA
Regional office of the shipment at
least four weeks before receiving it.
Importers of hazardous waste must
be U.S. citizens and must certify
that the shipment is in compliance
with all applicable rules under the
Toxic Substances Control Act
(TSCA). For more information on
TSCA, call EPAs TSCA Assistance
Hotline at 202 554-1404 or TDD
202 554-0551.
&EPA
United States Environmental Protection Agency
401 M Street, SW. (5305W)
Washington, DC 20460
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Penalty for Private Use
$300
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