United States
                      Environmental Protection
                      Agency
                     Solid Waste
                     and Emergency Response
                     (5306W)
EPA530-F-97-037
November 1997
http:JJwww. epa.gov
                      1997  Buy-Recycled  Series
                      Vehicular  Products
•'before yptt l>uy-
     f you're a fleet manager, buying recy-
     cled products can take you a long way
     down the road toward protecting the
environment and saving resources. Cost-
effective, reliable, and high quality recycled
vehicular products, such as re-refined oil,
retreaded tires, and recycled engine
coolants, are being used with success by many government agencies
nationwide.
  To make it easier to buy recycled, the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) updates the Comprehensive Procurement
Guidelines (CPG) each year. Through the CPG, EPA designates items
that must contain recycled content when purchased by federal,
state, and local agencies or by government contractors using appro-
priated federal funds. Among these items, EPA has designated sever-
al vehicular products. EPA's research shows that the items
designated in the CPG are safe, of high quality, widely available, and
cost-competitive with virgin products. EPA also issues a non-regula-
tory companion piece—the Recovered Materials Advisory Notice
(RMAN)—that recommends levels of recycled content for these
items.
  You might be unfamiliar with buying re-refined oil, retreaded
tires, or recycled engine coolant. But studies and experience have
shown that these products can meet and exceed your quality stan-
dards. What's more, buying recycled can cut your expenses while
reducing solid waste and providing markets for recyclable materials
collected nationwide.
                       > Printed on paper that contains at least 20 percent postconsumer fiber.

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                    What  Is The CPG?
  The CPG
  requires
   federal
agencies to
 buy items
made from
 recovered
 materials.
       Iecycling is more than just
       dropping off your cans, bottles,
       and newspapers at the curb or
at a local collection facility. Diverting
recyclables from the waste stream is
only the first step in the recycling pro-
cess. The second step occurs when
companies use these recyclables to
manufacture new products. The third
step comes when you purchase prod-
ucts made from recovered materials.
That's how we close the loop.
  To encourage the purchase of recy-
cled products, the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
requires agencies to buy recycled prod-
ucts. In addition, President Clinton
signed Executive Order 12873 in
October 1993, which called for an  .
increase in the federal government's use
of recycled-content products. Developed
in response to these directives, the CPG
requires federal agencies to give prefer-
ence to EPA-designated items made with
recovered materials. This, in turn, sup-
ports recycling markets and allows recy-
cling to continue to expand.
  Issued in May 1995, the first CPG
designated 19 new products and incor-
porated 5 previously designated items
(including re-refined oil and retreaded
tires) in 7 product categories that
procuring agencies are required to pur-
chase with recycled content. (A procur-
ing agency is any federal, state, or local
agency or government contractor that
uses appropriated federal funds to pur-
chase products.) A CPG update (CPG IT)
was published in November 1997, but
designated no new vehicular products.
This fact sheet updates the information
provided in the 1996 Buy Recycled
Series.
   If your agency spends more than
$10,000 per year on a product desig-
nated in the CPG, you are required to
purchase it with the highest recycled-
content level practicable. The CPG also
applies to lease contracts covering des-
ignated items.
   By May 1,1996, your agency was
required to develop an affirmative pro-
curement program (or modify its exist-
ing program) to incorporate buy-
recycled requirements for re-refined oil,
retread tires, and engine coolants. It is
not too late to develop your affirmative
procurement program if you have not
already done so. This effort might
involve reviewing your specifications
for these products and eliminating pro-
visions that pose barriers to procuring
them with recycled content (such as aes-
thetic requirements unrelated to product
performance).
   The CPG acknowledges, however,
that specific circumstances might arise
that preclude the purchase of products .
made with recovered materials. You
may purchase designated items that do
not contain recovered materials if you
determine that: (1) the price of a given
designated item made with recovered
materials is unreasonably high, (2) there
is inadequate competition (not enough
sources of supply), (3) unusual and
unreasonable delays would result from
obtaining the item, or (4) it does not
meet your agency's reasonable perfor-
mance specifications.

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       | o help agencies comply with
       the buy-recycled require-
       ments, EPA also issues guid-
ance in RMANs, which are designed
'to make it as easy as possible to buy
the designated items. The RMANs
recommend recycled-content levels to
look for when purchasing vehicular
products, as shown in the chart
below. Following the RMANs' recom-
mended levels will help ensure that
your affirmative procurement program
and standards meet the buy-recycled
requirements.
   Rather than specifying just one
level of recycled content, the RMANs
recommend ranges that reflect actual
market conditions. The recommenda-
tions are based on market research
identifying recycled-content products
that are commercially available, are
competitively priced, and meet
buyers' quality standards.
   Refer to EPA's Vehicular Products
Containing Recovered Materials for
sources of the designated items.
    TheRMAN
   recommends
     recycled
 content ranges
   at which the
designated items
   are generally
 available in the
  market place.
  Vehicular Product
     Recommendations
  Re-Refined Oil
     Use 25 percent or more re-refined oil base stock for
     engine lubricating oils, hydraulic fluids, and gear oils.
  Retread Tires (excluding airplane tires)      Purchase retread tires or tire retreading services to the
                                          maximum extent feasible.
  Engine Coolants
     Reclaim engine coolants on site or contract for off-site
     reclamation services. Also, request reclaimed engine
     coolant when having vehicles serviced at commercial
     service centers and buy it when making direct purchases.

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       (ooplo are often reluctant to try new technolo-
       gies. Recycled-content products are no excep-
       tion. Out-of-date and incorrect information
about the uses and benefits of recycled-content prod-
ucts lead people to believe that they do not work as
well as virgin products. Several agencies using recov-
ered-content products, however, have proven that
these products work well and that they are cost-effec-
tive. Some of the common myths about recycled-con-
tent vehicular products are dispelled below. At the
end of this fact sheet, you can find an extensive list
of additional resources for more information.
Re-Refined Oil
MYTH 1: Re-refined lubricating oil is inferior to new
  lubricating oil.
FACT; Re-refined oil is subject to the same stringent
  refining, compounding, and performance standards as
  virgin oil. Extensive laboratory testing and field stud-
  ios conducted by the National Bureau of Standards
  (now the National Institute of Standards and
  Technology), the U.S. Army, the U.S. Department of
  Energy, the U.S. Postal Service (USPS), and EPA con-
  cluded that re-refined oil is equivalent to virgin oil,
  passes all prescribed tests, and can even outperform
  virgin oil. The American Petroleum Institute (API)
  has licensed qualified re-refined oil products, which
  display the API starburst and/or donut symbol.
      CASE STUDIES: U.S. Postal Service
  USPS is using re-refined oil-based lubricants in more
  than 100,000 vehicles (more than half its fleet). USPS
  also implemented a closed loop recycling program,
  whereby its used oil is collected, re-refined, and sold
  back to the service. After numerous vehicle miles, a
  chemical analyses of re-refined and virgin oil sam-
  ples tuktm from USPS vehicles showed that using re-
  rcfined oil was no different from using xdrgin
  oil-based lubricants. For more information, contact
  Richard Harris of USPS at 202 268-3576.

  Tho Santa Ana, California, USPS district uses a
  closed loop system for re-refining used oil. In its fleet
  of nearly 4,500 vehicles, the district uses more than
  22,000 quarts of motor oil per year and saves more
  than S1,300 each year by re-refining its used  oil. For
  mom information, contact Jon Martin of USPS at
  714 842-2528.
MYTH 2: Using re-refined oil voids manufacturers'
  warranties.
FACT: All three of the major U.S. automobile manufac-
  turers (Ford, General Motors, and Chrysler) now rec-
  ognize that re-refined oil meets the performance
  criteria specified in their warranties. Each has issued
  a written statement explaining that the use of re-
  refined oil will not void warranties. Warranty require-
  ments are based on performance criteria and not on
  the origin of the base oil. As long as the purchased oil
  meets the warranty requirements, the warranty must
  be honored.
 CASE STUDY: U.
  Defense Supply Center Richmond (DSCR) has initi-
  ated a progressive program called "Closed-Loop."
  When customers order re-refined oil, the vendor
  will pick up their used oil when fulfilling the order.
  The collected oil goes to a re-refiner for recycling,
  completing the recycling loop. Not only does this
  program eliminate the administrative burden of
  managing a separate contract for used oil disposal,
  but it also provides environmental benefits and
  saves customers money. DSCR intends to offer both
  10W30 and 15W40 grades in accordance with a
  Commercial Item Description, and 15W40 in accor-
  dance with Military Specification Mil-L-2104. This
  program makes it even easier to maximize the recy-
  cling of used oil and will increase implementation
  of Executive Order 12873. For more information,
  contact Robin Champ of DSCR at 804 279-4908,

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                                                                                                      I1B
MYTH 3: Re-refined oil costs more than virgin oil.

FACT: In most cases, re-refined oil prices are compara-
  ble to those for equivalent virgin oil products. WAL-
  MART, a national distributor of vehicular oils, is
  currently selling a re-refined oil for 10 percent less
  than virgin oils. Re-refined oil product pricing is
  affected by a number of variables, however, including
  the availability of used oil. The best method for
  determining price is through the marketplace.
Retread Tires

MYTH 1: Retreads are less safe than new tires.
FACT: Statistics compiled by the U.S. Department of
  Transportation show that nearly all tires involved in
  any tire-related accidents were underinflated or bald.
  Properly maintained tires, both new and retreaded,
  do not cause accidents. Retreaded tires have been
  safely used on school buses, trucks, cars, fire engines,
  and other emergency vehicles for years.

MYTH 2: Retreads have a higher failure rate than new
  tires.
FACT: Rubber on the road comes from both new tires
  and retreaded tires, primarily from truck tires that are
  overloaded, underinflated, or otherwise abused. New
  or retreaded tire failures can be greatly reduced by
  following all the rules of good maintenance, includ-
  ing proper mating with regard to diameter and tread
  depth and design, as well as maintaining proper air
  pressure.


Recycled Engine Coolants

MYTH 1: Recycled engine coolant is inferior to new
  engine coolant.
FACT: Testing shows that recycled coolant meets
  nationally recognized performance specifications for
  new coolant, such as those established by the
  American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
  and the Society of Automotive Engineers. The recy-
  cling process reduces the chlorides that come from
  hard water so  that recycled antifreeze may actually
  be purer than virgin coolant.
  After noticing poor tire performance in new tires,
  the fleet inspector at Fort McCoy, Wisconsin, test-
  ed 20 retreaded tires in 1990. Pleased with the
  results, he purchased 60 retreaded tires the fol-
  lowing year and about 600 retreads in 1995. The
  fleet inspector found that retreads provided supe-
  rior handling and failed less often than new tires.
  Beginning in 1995, retreads have also saved the
  facility about $20,000 per year. The operation also
  services approximately 700 vehicles a year with
  re-refined oil. For more information, contact Jerry
  Cooper, U.S. General Services Administration
  Fleet Inspector,  at 608 269-4429.
  In 1992, USPS operated 179,000 vehicles and
  retreaded 50,000 tires. In 1994, the fleet grew to
  202,000 vehicles and used 76,000 retreads. USPS
  vehicles travel in all kinds of weather on both
  paved and unpaved roads. This 52 percent growth
  in the number of retreads over 2 years reflects
  USPS's belief that retreads meet their performance
— and quality needs. For more information, contact
  Richard Harris of USPS at 202 268-3576.

  The Southeast area of USPS implemented an on-
  site coolant recycling program. Most facilities in
  the region made the switch. They reclaim about
  7,000 gallons (75 percent) of concentrated coolant
  each year, which substantially reduces the amount
  of new products  purchased. Many postal vehicle
  maintenance facilities in the Southeast are using
  commercial vacuum distillation machines for the
  recycling process. For more information, contact
  Bob Martin of USPS at 901 747-7635.

  The USPS Huntington Beach, California, vehicle
:__maintenance facility uses an in-house extraction
  and recovery process for its engine coolants. The
  units recover virtually all of the ethylene glycol
  left in the spent coolant. Recovering the coolant
  reduces total waste stream volume and saves
  money by reducing costs for disposal and for pur-
  chasing new coolant. For more information,  con-
  tact Jon Martin of USPS at 714  842-2528.

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Myths aM Facts About Recycled-Content Vehicular Prodjucts (Continued)
 MYTH 2; Recycled coolant costs more than new
   coolant.
 FACT: Recycled coolant may cost less than new coolant
   if you select the right recycling process for your
   shop. You must consider the cost of new coolant and
   your current disposal costs and compare these to the
   cost of on-site or off-site recycling.
 MYTH 3: Spent coolants are hazardous waste and
   those handling them must follow hazardous waste
   regulations.
 FACT: Spent coolants are not listed by EPA as a haz-
   ardous waste. Some older test data indicated  used
   coolant sometimes had levels of lead requiring it to
   bo managed as a hazardous waste. Most new vehicle
   radiators are made with aluminum cores and plastic
   tanks, so there is less opportunity for lead contami-
   nation of coolant today than in the past. Still, some
   states consider coolant to be hazardous. Contact
   your state environmental agency for further informa-
   tion.
 MYTH 4: Recycled coolant will void manufacturers'
   warranties.
 FACT: Coolant recyclers have worked with automotive
   and truck engine original equipment manufacturers
   (OEMs) to get their approval on coolant recycling
   processes. Check with your recycler for a list of OEM
   approvals.
            CASE STUDY: American
          Automobile Manufacturers
  General Motors (GM) endorses several coolant recy-
  cling systems and states that "The warranty of General
  Motors will be unaffected if engine coolant recycling
  is performed as described by the manufacturer and
  with CM-approvcd recycling equipment." Ford
  expressly authorizes the use of certain engine coolant
  recycling processes and chemicals that meet its speci-
  fu-aticms. Chrysler allows any coolant to be used
  (virgin or recycled) as long as it meets Chrysler's and
  ASTM's specifications for ethylene glycol. For
  more information, call Richard Paul at the American
  Automobile Manufacturers' Association at
  31.1 872-4311.
Coolant Recycling

Processes


       The RMAN recommends that procuring
       agencies establish a program for engine
       coolant reclamation and reuse either on
site or through a service contract. There are
three general types of coolant recycling process-
es: filtration, distillation, and ion exchange.
Since variations jxist among the various pro-
cesses, check with the system manufacturer for
specifics regarding coolant produced by the sys-
tem.	

Filtration is the most common type of coolant
recycling process. It has the lowest initial invest-
ment but has high operating costs. Coolants often
contain dissolved solids and filtration systems
often require pre- and post-filter treatment as well.

Distillation evaporates and recondenses the
coolant. This is a slow process with a high initial
investment, but it requires less operator time and
lower operating costs. Solids and other chemicals
are left behind as a residue that must be managed
according to  applicable laws.

Ion exchange removes solids and other chemicals
from the coolant as it passes through a resin bed.
Periodically this bed must be regenerated to
remove the buildup. Equipment costs are higher
than most other systems. Operating costs are com-
parable to filtration systems,

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             Information Available From EPA
             This fact sheet and the following publications on buying
             recycled products are available in electronic format on the
             Internet at http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/non-hw/
             procure.htm. Use Internet e-mail to order paper copies of
 documents. Include the requestor's name and mailing address on all
 orders. Address e-mail to: rcra-docket@epamail.epa.gov. Text of the fol-
 lowing Federal Register notices can be found at
 http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/search.htm. Search  by specific day,  by key-
 words, or by accessing the Government Printing  Office database.
    Paper copies also may be ordered by calling the RCRA Hotline.
 Callers within the Washington Metropolitan Area  must dial 703 412-9810
 or TDD 703 412-3323 (hearing impaired). Long-distance callers may call
 800 424-9346 or TDD 800 553-7672. The RCRA Hotline operates week-
 days, from 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.,  EST.
 * Federal Register (FR) notices promulgating CPG I (60 FR
    21370/EPA530-Z-95-006) and RMAN I (60 FR21386/EPA530-Z-95-
    007), May 1, 1995. Federal Register notices promulgating CPG II
    (62 FR 60961/EPA530-Z-97-009) and RMAN II (62 FR 60975/EPA530-
    Z-97-010), November 13, 1997.
 * EPA Issues Comprehensive Procurement Guideline (EPA530-F-95-
    010). This 4-page fact sheet provides general information about the
    CPG and the development of affirmative procurement programs.
 * Environmental Fact Sheet-Purchasing and Maintaining Retread
    Passenger 77res(EPA530-F-95-019), September 1995. This  EPA and
    GSA fact  sheet provides information on waste prevention, proper tire
    maintenance, and tire retreading for fleet managers and vehicle
    operators.
 * Vehicular Products Containing Recovered  Materials (EPA530-B-
    97-005). This list contains sources of vehicular products containing
    recovered materials.
 * A Study of State and Local Government Procurement Practices
    that Consider Environmental Performance  of Goods and Services
    (EPA742-R-96-007). This report provides important program elements
    and case  studies  of state and county agencies purchasing environ-
    mentally preferable products and services. For a copy of the  report or
    more information  on EPA's Environmentally Preferable Purchasing
    (EPP) program, contact the Pollution Prevention Information
    Clearinghouse at  401 M Street, SW. (7409), Washington, DC  20460.
    Phone: 202 260-1023. Fax: 202 260-4659. Visit the EPP homepage
    at http://www.epa.gov/opptintr/p2home.


                 Other Sources of Information—
                 General
                 •:• Buy Recycled Business Alliance. The Alliance
                 includes over 3,200 companies and organizations com-
    mitted to increasing their use of recycled-content products and materi-
    als in their day-to-day operations. The Alliance offers educational
    materials, a quarterly newsletter, and product-specific guides. Public
    purchasing entities can join free of charge. For more information, con-
    tact Bonnie Fedchock, National Recycling Coalition, 1727 King Street,
    Suite 105, Alexandria, VA 22314-2720.
    Phone: 703 683-9025, Ext. 209. Fax: 703 683-9026.
    DLA Environmental Products Catalogue. This document is  an
    important source of supply information for environmental products
    from the Defense Logistics Agency (DLA). It includes items from all
    DLA inventory control points containing recycled material or having
                          other environmental benefits. For more information, call 800 352-2852
                          or fax 800 352-3291. Military customers can call DSN 695-5699 or fax
                          DSN 695-5695. For information on the CD-ROM version of the cata-
                          logue, contact the DLA Service Center at 616 961-4459 or
                          DSN 932-4459. Homepage: http://www.dscr.dla.mil.
                       *  General Services Administration (GSA). GSA publishes various
                          supply catalogs, guides, and schedules for recycled-content products
                          available through the Federal Supply Service. For copies of the follow-
                          ing documents and other information, contact GSA, Centralized
                          Mailing  List Service (7CAFL), 4900 Hemphill Street, P.O. Box 6477,
                          Fort Worth, TX 76115-9939. Phone: 817 334-5215. Fax: 817 334-
                          5227. You can also access GSA Advantage!, GSA's Internet-based
                          online ordering system, to order any GSA product at
                          https://www.fss.gsa.gov/cgi-bins/advwel.
                          — Environmental Products Guide.  This guide, published by GSA, is
                             a handy reference companion to the GSA Supply Catalog and
                             Federal Supply Schedules. It provides information on the acquisi-
                             tion of engine coolant reclamation systems. The guide also is
                             available on GSA's Multi-User File for Interagency News (MUF-
                             FIN), an electronic bulletin board.  For computer support help with
                             MUFFIN, call 703 305-7200.
                          — Tires, Pneumatic for Passenger, Light Truck, Medium Truck/Bus,
                             and Retread Services, Federal Supply Schedule, Group 26,
                             Part 1. Lists a variety of retread tires available for purchase.
                       *  National Institute of Governmental Purchasing (NIGP). NIGP main-
                          tains a library of product specifications and sample bid documents for
                          both virgin- and recycled-content products, including oil products and
                          retread  tires. It also offers procurement training workshops for mem-
                          bers. For more information, contact Fuad Abu-Taleb, 11800 Sunrise
                          Valley Drive, Reston, VA 22091. Phone: 703 715-9400, Ext. 241.
                          Fax:703715-9897.
                       *  Official Recycled Products Guide. This document is a comprehen-
                          sive directory of recycled-content products and contains more  than
                          5,000 listings of manufacturers and distributors, including those of re-
                          refined oil, retread tires, and engine coolants. Contact: Recycling Data
                          Management Corporation, P.O. Box 577,  Ogdensburg, NY 13669.
                          Phone:  800 267-0707. Fax: 315 471-3258.
                       *  Office of the Federal Environmental Executive (OFEE). The OFEE
                          offers a number of resources, listed below, to help government agen-
                          cies learn about CPG-designated products. Contact: Office of the
                          Federal Environmental Executive, 401 M  Street, SW. (MC 1600),
                          Washington, DC 20460. Phone: 202 260-1297. Fax: 202 401-9503.
                          Homepage: http://www.ofee.gov.
                          — Closing the Circle News. This newsletter reports  on the govern-
                             ment's progress towards an environmentally conscious and friend-
                             ly approach to recycling, acquisitions, and procurement. The fall
                             1995 issue contains an article entitled "OFEE Helps Negotiate an
                             End to Gridlock on Re-Refined Oil."
                          — Roadmap to Buying Recycled Vehicular Products. This video
                             was produced by the Office of the Federal Environmental
                             Executive and the USPS. It highlights availability, performance,
                             and warranty issues of re-refined oil, retread tires,  and reclaimed
                             engine coolant. It features a message from the Federal
                             Environmental Executive and insight from experiences of fleet
                             management personnel from five federal agencies. It is available
                             free of charge.

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  How Gal I Get Mori Information? {Coiitinilel)

      Greening of the Government: A Guide to Implementing E.O.
      12873. This document provides detailed information on establish-
      tng and implementing federal affirmative procurement plans and is
      available free of charge. Updated in the summer of 1997, it con-
      tains information on oil and tires, including automobile manufactur-
      ers' warranty-related statements on re-refined oil.


            Internet Sites
            •:• California Recycled-Content Product Database:
            http:/ANww.clwmb.ca.gov/mrt/rcp/rcp.htm. This site con-
            tains information on why to buy recycled-content products,
            how to procure them, and provides access to a database
  with information on products, as well as manufacturers, distributors,
  reprocossors, mills, and converters across the country who procure or
  produce these products.
* King County Recycled Product Procurement Program:
  http:/,*www.metrokc.gov/oppis/recyclea.html. This site describes the
  tools and techniques developed by King County, Washington, agen-
  das for purchasing recycled products.
* Reduce, Reuse, Recycle—Through Procurement:
  hHp:Aswww,epa.gov/epaoswer/non-hw/procure.htm. This site
  describes EPA's effort to facilitate the procurement of products con-
  taining recovered materials, including information on CPG, RMANs,
  and the Buy  Recycled Series.
4- The Procurement Assistance Jumpstation:
  httpiA'Www.fedmarket.corn/procinet.htrnl. This site contains links to
  many sites containing procurement information.

Other Sources—Re-Refined Oil
•fr Re-refined and Commercial Motor Oils. This brochure, developed
  by the DLA General Supply Center, provides ordering information for a
  variety of re-refined oil products,  including a new product line that
  moots military specifications. For a copy of the brochure, contact
  Robin Champ, Defense Supply Center Richmond, Attn: DSCR-XA,
  8000 Jefferson Davis Highway, Richmond, VA 23297-5762.
  Phono; 800 345-6333 or DSN 695-4908.
4- Copies of GSA's guidance on the use of re-refined oil in Interagency
  Fteo! Management Systems Vehicles can be obtained from Larry
  Frtsbee, Fleet Management Division, GSA, Washington, DC 20406.
  Phone; 703 305-6837. Fax: 703 305-7158.
* Three cases  of re-refined oil are available free to federal entities and
  local governments of more than 30,000 people by contacting the U.S.
                                                                    Conference of Mayors, 1620 Eye Street, NW., Washington, DC 20006.
                                                                    Phone: 202 293-7330. Fax: 202 429-0422. Private sector companies
                                                                    with a minimum of 50 service fleet vehicles can contact the Buy
                                                                    Recycled Business Alliance, a program of the National Recycling
                                                                    Coalition, for three free cases at 1727 King Street, Suite 105,
                                                                    Alexandria, VA 22314-2720. Phone: 703 683-9025. Fax: 703 638-9026.
                                                                 *  The Office of the Federal Environmental Executive has a list of 940
                                                                    WAL-MART locations that offer re-refined oil with their "Tire and Lube
                                                                    Express" services. This is available in hard copy and on disk. (Most
                                                                    WAL-MARTs offer re-refined oil off the shelf.) Contact the Office of the
                                                                    Federal Environmental Executive at 401 M Street, SW. (MC 1600),
                                                                    Washington, DC 20460. Phone: 202 260-1297. Fax: 202 401-9503.
                                                                    Homepage: http://www.ofee.gov.

                                                                 Other Sources—Retread Tires
                                                                 *  Retread Tire Buyers Guide. This guide lists contact information for all
                                                                    Tire Retread Information Bureau (TRIE) member retreaders and tire
                                                                    dealers in North America and includes the type of retreading available
                                                                    from each listing. For additional information about tire retreading and
                                                                    tire repairing, including videos such as The Use of Retreaded Tires
                                                                    on Government Vehicles, contact TRIE at 900 Weldon Grove, Pacific
                                                                    Grove, CA 93950. Phone: 408  372-1917; toll free  in the U.S. and
                                                                    Canada: 888 473-8732. Fax: 408 372-9210. E-mail:
                                                                    retreads@aol.com.
                                                                 <•  International Tire and Rubber Association, Marvin Bozarth,
                                                                    Executive Director, P.O. Box 37203, Louisville, KY 40233-7203.
                                                                    Phone: 800 426-8835. Fax: 502 964-7859.
                                                                 •:•  National Tire Dealers and Retreaders Association, John F. Buettner,
                                                                    Sr., Director, Tire Retreading Institute, 7601 West Mockingbird Court,
                                                                    Fairtand, IN 46126. Phone: 317 861-9170. Fax: 317 861-9214.

                                                                 Other Sources—Recovered  Engine Coolants
                                                                 *  The Society of Automotive Engineers' paper number 921634, An
                                                                    Evaluation of Engine Coolant Recycling Technologies, offers informa-
                                                                    tion about recovered engine coolants. The paper is available by calling
                                                                    412776-4841.                                 .   , ,"
                                                                 *  For information on USPS' testing and approval of  recycled engine
                                                                    coolant, call Vincent Tung, Mechanical Program Engineer, USPS,
                                                                    8403 Lee Highway, Merrifield, VA 22082-8101. Phone: 703 280-7052.
                                                                    Fax: 703 280-8402.

                                                                  In addition, contact your state solid waste management agency
                                                                  for information about local and regional businesses that produce
                                                                              or distribute recycled-content products.
&EPA
   United States
   Environmental Protection Agency
   401  M Street, SW. (5306W)
   Washington, DC 20460

   Official Business
   Penalty for Private Use
   $300

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