United States                Solid Waste and                 EPA530-F-98-024
                Environmental Protection          Emergency Response               October 1998
                Agency                    (5305W)                     www.epa.gov/osw

                Office of Sol id Waste
svEPA     Environmental
                Fact Sheet
                Procedures for Approving State
                Subtitle  D Landfill  Permitting Programs
                  In conjunction with the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) requirements
                governing Subtitle D landfills, this action is a major effort to improve the safety of solid
                waste landfills nationwide. It provides states with approved permit programs flexibility in the
                way they choose to incorporate the federal requirements into their own solid waste
                management programs.
 Action
    Under the authority of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), EPA sets
 environmental standards to be met by municipal solid waste landfills (MSWLFs) and
 nonmunicipal, nonhazardous disposal units that may receive conditionally exempt small
 quantity generator waste. RCRA requires states to adopt and implement permit programs
 to ensure that landfills in their states comply with the relevant federal standards. The law
 also requires EPA to determine whether state permit programs are adequate to ensure
 such compliance. This rule establishes the procedures for EPA to use in approving these
 state programs.

    For their permit programs to be approved, states must provide opportunities for public
 involvement during the permit application process. In addition, states must have the
 power to issue permits and perform compliance monitoring and enforcement actions that
 ensure compliance with the federal standards.  EPA's regional administrators have the
 authority to determine the adequacy of a permit program, as well as to withdraw approval
 of a program. If a state's program approval is withdrawn, the state may address the issues
 that led to the withdrawal and reapply for approval.

    In states with no approved permitting program, Subtitle D landfill owners and
 operators must follow the specific, self-implementing provisions of the federal
 requirements. States with approved programs have the authority to allow significant
 flexibility to owners and operators in the way the federal standards are met. This
 flexibility can often reduce the financial burden associated with meeting the federal
 requirements. While this rule was under development, EPA used a draft version to
 approve state municipal solid waste landfill permitting programs. Consequently, MSWLF
 permitting programs have EPA approval in the majority of states.

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   This final rule confirms the permit program approval process for future applicants,
provides a flexible framework for modifying approved programs, and establishes
procedures for approval withdrawals.

For More Information
   This fact sheet is available in electronic format on the Internet at
. For additional information or to order
copies of this or any other document, call the RCRA Hotline. Callers within the
Washington Metropolitan Area must dial 703-412-9810 or TDD 703-412-3323 (hearing
impaired). Long-distance callers  may call 1-800-424-9346 or TDD  1-800-553-7672. The
RCRA Hotline operates weekdays, 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. Write to the RCRA Information
Center (5305W), US EPA, 401 M Street, SW, Washington, DC 20460. Address e-mail to
rcra-docket@epamail.epa.gov.

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