United States               Solid Waste and          EPA530-F-98-031
               Environmental Protection Agency   Emergency Response         October 1998
                                      (5305W)              http://www.epa.gov

               Office of Sol id Waste
f/EPA     Environmental
                Fact  Sheet
               Post-Closure Permit Amendment
               Addresses Corrective Action

                  To remove impediments to cleanup at hazardous waste facilities, the
               Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is amending closure and post-closure care
               requirements to expand regulatory options available to EPA and authorized states.
               This rule facilitates cleanup of hazardous and solid waste management units that
               may be similarly situated, but were previously subject to two different requirements.

 Background
   Under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA),
 Congress gives EPA the authority to regulate the permitting of hazardous waste
 treatment, storage, and disposal facilities. In 1982, EPA promulgated rules
 applicable to regulated land disposal units, including rules governing closure of
 those units, and rules requiring owners and operators of land disposal units to
 obtain a post-closure permit if they leave hazardous waste in place after closure.
   In the 1984 Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments, Congress expanded
 EPA's authority to implement corrective action for releases from all solid waste
 management units (SWMUs) located at hazardous waste facilities. As a result,
 EPA's closure and post-closure requirements applied to regulated units, while
 other SWMUs at the same facilities were addressed under the Agency's new
 corrective action authority.

   After implementing this dual regulatory structure for several years, EPA
 recognized a need for flexibility in its regulations. As a result, EPA has
 promulgated revisions to its regulations to coordinate the implementation of
 RCRA closure, post-closure care, and corrective action requirements.

 Action
 Post-Closure Permits
   This rule allows regulators flexibility to issue a post-closure permit to a
 facility or to impose the same regulatory requirements in an enforceable
 document issued under an alternate non-permit authority in lieu of a post-
 closure permit. Facilities that receive enforceable documents in lieu of post-

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closure permits must continue to meet all requirements of the regulations
applicable to non-permitted facilities and must meet the additional
requirements outlined in this rule—that is, they must submit information about
the facility upon request by EPA,  conduct facility-wide corrective action, and
comply with the groundwater requirements applicable under permits.  In
addition, the Agency must provide for meaningful public involvement at three
key stages-when it becomes involved in the corrective action activities at the
facility, during remedy selection, and prior to making a decision that corrective
action is complete at the facility.  These requirements assure that facilities
addressed under alternate authorities are subject to the same level of
environmental protection as facilities regulated under post-closure permits,
while allowing regulators flexibility to use the best tool available to address the
facility.

   This rule also adds a new section to  40 CFR Part 270, identifying specific RCRA
Part B permit application information that must  be submitted when post-closure
permit is issued. This provision clarifies information submission requirements for
owners and operators, but does  not modify existing requirements.

Closure of Regulated Units
   This rule allows EPA to replace the closure and groundwater requirements at
certain hazardous waste units with similar, site-specific requirements developed
through the corrective action process. This flexibility is available under the
following conditions:

    !  When a hazardous waste unit is situated among SWMUs (or areas of
      concern), a release has occurred,  and both  the unit and the SWMU(s) are
      likely contributors to the  release.
    !  When EPA determines that applying the hazardous waste closure and
      groundwater monitoring requirements for  post-closure care is not necessary
      because the cleanup remedy developed through the corrective action process is
      deemed protective.
    !  When the remedy selected will satisfy the RCRA closure performance
      standards.

   When the closure and groundwater requirements are developed through
corrective action, the rule also allows regulators to develop site-specific financial
assurance requirements.

Applicability
   The post-closure provisions of this rule affect all non-permitted land disposal
facilities that close with waste in place. The provisions regarding closure of
regulated units apply  to all land disposal units, at permitted and non-permitted
facilities, that meet the conditions of the rule.

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Conclusion
   EPA believes that this final rule will facilitate the regions' and states'
implementation of RCRA post-closure care and corrective action requirements in two
areas.  First, it will expand the regulatory options available to EPA and the
authorized states to address environmental needs at facilities undergoing post-
closure care. Second, it will allow EPA and the authorized states to address certain
hazardous waste units under the corrective action process rather than closure, thus
removing impediments to cleanup that have been encountered where two similarly
situated units have been subject to two different regulatory requirements.

For More Information
   This fact sheet is available in electronic format on the Internet at
. For additional information or to order
copies of this or any other document, call the RCRA Hotline. Callers within the
Washington Metropolitan Area must dial 703-412-9810 or TDD 703-412-3323
(hearing impaired). Long-distance callers may call 1-800-424-9346 or TDD 1-800-
553-7672. The RCRA Hotline operates weekdays, 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. Write to the
RCRA  Information Center (5305W), US EPA, 401 M Street SW, Washington, DC
20460.  Address e-mail to rcra-docket@epamail.epa.gov.

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