&EPA
Untied States Solid Waste and
Environmental Protection Emergency Response EPA/530-SW-86-019
Agency (5305) September 1986
Understanding the Small
Quantity Generator
Hazardous Waste Rules:
A Handbook for Small Business
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In 1976. Congress passed the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) which directed the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to develop and implement a program to protect human health and the
environment from improper hazardous waste management practices. The program is designed to control the manage-
ment of hazardous waste from its generation to its ultimate disposal—from "cradle-to-grave."
EPA first focused on large companies, which generate the greatest portion of hazardous waste. Business
establishments producing less than 1000 kilograms (2.200 pounds) of hazardous waste in a calendar month (known as
small quantity generators) were exempted from most of the hazardous waste management regulations published by
EPA in May "1980. i
In recent years, however, public attention has been focused on the potential for environmental and health
problems that may result from mismanaging even small quantities of hazardous waste. For example, small amounts of
hazardous waste dumped on the land may seep into the earth and contaminate underground water that supplies
drinking water wells.
In November 1984. the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments to RCRA were signed into law. With these
amendments. Congress directed EPA to establish new requirements that would bring small quantity generators who
generate between 100 and 1000 kilograms (kg) of hazardous waste in a calendar month into the hazardous waste
regulatory system. EPA issued final regulations for these 100 to 1000 kg/mo generators on March 24. 1986. Most of
the requirements are effective September 22. 1986.
PAY ATTENTION TO THESE DATES!
September 22,1986
Most of the new rules for small quantity gen-
erators of hazardous waste become effective.
Noncompliance may lead to fines and legal action.
March 24,1987
Small quantity generators that 'decide to store
hazardous waste for longer than six months, per-
form certain kinds of waste treatment, or dispose
of hazardous waste on their property must apply
for a RCRA permit and comply with additional
rules. (See Chapter 4) ;
ABOUT THIS HANDBOOK
This handbook was prepared by the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to help
small business owners and managers understand
how the federal hazardous waste management
laws may affect their businesses.
The information in this handbook will help
you determine whether your business is a regu-
lated small quantity generator of hazardous waste.
Specific information is provided to help you under-
stand how to:
>• Obtain a U.S. EPA Identification
Number.
>• Use the Uniform Hazardous Waste
Manifest system when shipping hazard-
ous waste off-site.
^ Select hazardous waste transporters
who have U.S. EPA Identification
Numbers.
>• Accumulate hazardous waste on-site
for no more than 180 days, or 270 days
if the waste is to be shipped more than
200 miles, without obtaining a hazard-
ous waste storage permit.
^> Ensure that hazardous waste is man-
aged at a hazardous waste facility with
interim status or a permit under
RCRA. ;
The chapters in this handbook describe these
new requirements, and provide some step-by-step
instructions to help you meet your responsibilities
as a small quantity generator of hazardous wastes.
This handbook presents a description of the
federal regulations only. You should be sure to
contact your state
hazardous waste
management agency
for additional help and
information on state
requirements. Tele-
phone numbers for
state hazardous waste
management agencies
are listed in
Appendix A.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1
DOES YOUR BUSINESS GENERATE HAZARDOUS WASTE?
2
CHAPTER 2
DETERMINING YOUR GENERATOR STATUS
6
CHAPTER 3
OBTAINING A U.S. EPA IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
1O
CHAPTER 4
MANAGING HAZARDOUS WASTE ON-SITE
13
CHAPTER 5
SHIPPING HAZARDOUS WASTE OFF-SITE
17
CHAPTER 6
"GOOD HOUSEKEEPING" AND A SAFE ENVIRONMENT
21
APPENDIX A
EPA AND STATE HAZARDOUS WASTE CONTACTS
FOR ASSISTANCE
APPENDIX B
EPA HAZARDOUS WASTE NUMBERS FOR WASTE STREAMS
COMMONLY GENERATED BY SMALL QUANTITY .GENERATORS
29
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CHAPTER 1
DOES YOUR BUSINESS GENERATE HAZARDOUS WASTE?
What is a Hazardous Waste?
A waste is any solid, liquid, or contained
gaseous material that you no longer use. and either
recycle, throw away, or store until you have
enough to treat or dispose of.
As a result of doing business, a company may
generate wastes that can cause serious problems if
not handled and disposed of carefully. Such wastes
could:
^- cause injury or death; or
>• damage or pollute land, air. or water.
These wastes are considered hazardous, and they
are currently regulated by federal and state public
health and environmental safety laws.
There are two ways'a waste may be brought
into the hazardous waste regulatory system: list-
ing, and identification through characteristics.
^- Listed wastes. Your waste is considered
hazardous if it appears on any one of
the four lists of hazardous wastes con-
tained in the RCRA regulations. These
wastes have been listed because they ei-
ther exhibit one of the characteristics
described below or contain any number
of toxic constituents that have been
shown to be harmful to health and the
environment. The regulations list over
400 hazardous wastes, including wastes
derived from manu-
facturing processes
and discarded
commercial chemical
products. Many of the
listed hazardous
wastes that you are
likely to generate are
included in Appendix
B of this handbook.
Characteristic wastes. Even if a waste
does not appear on one of the EPA
lists, it is considered hazardous if it has
one or more of the following
characteristics:
It is easily combustible
or flammable. This is
called an ignitable
waste. Examples are
paint wastes, certain
degreasers, or other
solvents.
It is unstable or under-
goes rapid or violent
chemical reaction with
water or other materi-
als. This is called a
reactive waste. Exam-
ples are cyanide plating
wastes, waste bleaches,
and other waste
oxidizers.
It dissolves metals,
other materials, or
burns the skin. This is
called a corrosive waste.
Examples are waste
rust.removers, waste
acid or alkaline clean-
ing fluids, and waste
battery acid.
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A waste sample is
tested and shows EP
(extraction procedure)
toxicity. Wastes are EP
toxic if an extract from
the waste is tested and
found to contain high
concentrations of heavy
metals (such as mer-
cury, cadmium, or lead)
or specific pesticides
that could be released
into the ground water.
Your industry may generate other hazardous
wastes beyond the examples mentioned above. It
is your responsibility to determine whether your
was.tes are hazardous. If you need assistance, call
one of the sources of information listed below in
Table 1. A list of the typical hazardous wastes for
your industry is also provided in Table 2.
See Appendix A for a
complete list of EPA '' ' '"'!"
regional offices and - "
state hazardous waste
management agencies.
TABLE 1
While the rules and regulations
for managing hazardous waste
are complex,
help is available.
For more information, call:
Your state hazardous waste manage-
ment agency (See Appendix A)
Your EPA regional office
(See Appendix A)
The RCRA/Superfund Hotline-
1-800-424-9346
(In Washington, D.C.: 382-3000)
EPA's Small Business Ombudsman
Hotline -1-800-368-5888
(In Washington, D.C.: 557-1938)
Your national trade association
or its local chapter
Acutely Hoiardous Wastes
Some wastes are considered to be "acutely
hazardous." These are wastes that EPA has deter-
mined to be so dangerous in small amounts that
they are regulated the same way as are large
amounts of other hazardous wastes. Acutely
hazardous wastes, for example, may be generated
using certain pesticides. They also include dioxin-
containing wastes.
Wastes that appear in Appendix B with an
asterisk (*) have been designated acutely hazard-
ous. If your business generates more than 1 kg
(approximately 2.2 pounds) of acutely hazardous
wastes in a calendar month or stores more than
that amount for any period of time, you are subject
to all of the regulations that apply to generators
that generate more than 1000 kilograms of hazard-
ous waste per calendar month. Contact one of the
sources of information listed in Appendix A for
more information about acutely hazardous wastes.
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TABLE 2 - ;
TYPICAL WASTE STREAMS GENERATED BY SMALL QUANTITY GENERATORS*
Type of lusiness
Types of Hazardous
Wastes Generated
Building Cleaning and
Maintenance
Chemical Manufacturers
Cleaning Agents and Cosmetics
Construction
Educational and Vocational
Shops
Equipment Repair
Fonnulators
Funeral Services
Furniture/Wood Manufacturing
and Refinishing
* Additional information on typical waste streams
Acids/Bases
Solvents
Acids/Bases
Cyanide Wastes
Heavy Metals/Inorganics
Ignitable Wastes
Reactives
Solvents
Acids/Bases
Heavy Metals/Inorganics
Ignitable Wastes
Pesticides
Solvents
Acids/Bases
Ignitable Wastes
Solvents
Acids/Bases
Ignitable Wastes
Pesticides
Reactives
Solvents
Acids/Bases
Ignitable Wastes
Solvents
Acids/Bases
Cyanide Wastes
Heavy Metals/Inorganics
Ignitable Wastes
Pesticides
Reactives
Solvents
Solvents
Formaldehyde
Ignitable Wastes
Solvents
is found in Appendix B of this handbook. •.
4
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TABLE 2
TYPICAL WASTE STREAMS GENERATED BY SMALL QUANTITY GENERATORS*
(continued)
Type of Business
Types of Hazardous
Wastes Generated
Laboratories
Laundries and Dry Cleaners
Metal Manufacturing
Motor Freight Terminals and
Railroad Transportation
Other Manufacturing:
1) Textiles
2) Plastics
3) Leather
Pesticide End Users and
Application Services
Printing and Allied
Industries
Vehicle Maintenance
Acids/Bases
Heavy Metals/Inorganics
Ignitable Wastes
Reactives
Solvents
Dry Cleaning Filtration
Residues
Solvents
Acids/Bases
Cyanide Wastes
Heavy Metals/Inorganics
Ignitable Wastes
Reactives
Solvents
Spent Plating Wastes
Acids/Bases
Heavy Metals/Inorganics
Ignitable Wastes
Lead-Acid Batteries
Solvents
Heavy Metals/Inorganics
Solvents
Heavy Metals/Inorganics
Pesticides
Solvents
Acids/Bases
Heavy Metals/Inorganics
Ink Sludges
Spent Plating Wastes
Solvents
Acids/Bases
Heavy Metals/Inorganics
Ignitable Wastes
Lead-Acid Batteries
Solvents
Wood Preserving Preserving Agents
* Additional information on typical waste streams is found in Appendix B of this handbook.
5
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CHAPTER 2
DETERMINING YOUR GENERATOR STATUS
Categories of Hazardous Waste
Generators
In March 1986. the federal rules for hazardous
waste management were modified to bring busi-
nesses that generate small amounts of hazardous
waste into the regulatory system. Previously, these
small quantity generators that generate less than
1000 kilograms (or about 2.200 pounds) of hazard-
ous waste in a calendar month had been exempt
from most hazardous waste regulations.
The 1986 rules set new requirements specifi-
cally for those generators that generate between
100 and 1000 kilograms of hazardous waste in a
calendar month. Consequently, there are three
categories of hazardous waste generators, shown
in Table 3: (1) generators of no more than 100 kilo-
grams/month (also known as conditionally-exempt
small quantity generators); (2) 100 to 1000 kilo-
grams/month (kg/mo) small quantity generators;
arid (3) generators of 1000'kilograms or more in a
month.
Determining Your Generator Category
To determine which category of hazardous
waste generator your business falls into—and what
requirements you must meet—you must measure
or "count" the hazardous wastes your business
generates in a calendar month. In general, you
must add up the weight of all the hazardous wastes
your business generates during a month; the total
weight will determine your generator category.
Table 4 summarizes the kinds of wastes you must
count and wastes you do not count when you
determine your generator status.
When you begin to count your hazardous
wastes each month, it may be confusing at first to
determine what kinds of hazardous wastes you
generate and how much. If you have questions,
call the EPA RCRA/Superfund Hotline or your
state hazardous waste management agency listed
in Appendix A.
If you decide to accumulate hazardous waste
until you have collected enough to make transport
to a licensed hazardous waste management facility
more economical, make sure that:
>• You accumulate no more than 6000 kg
of hazardous waste in any 180 day
period (270 days are allowed if you must
transport your waste over 200 miles to a
licensed hazardous waste facility) if you
are a 100-1000 kg/mo generator. Other-
wise, you will need to obtain a special
storage permit.
^- You accumulate no more than 1000 kg
of hazardous waste at any time if
you are a generator of no more than 100
kg/mo.
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-TABLES-
CATEGORIES OF HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATORS
KEY:
1 barrel = about 200 kilograms of hazardous waste
which is about 55 gallons
Generators off No More
Than 100 kg/mo
If you generate no more
than 100 kilograms (about 220
pounds or 25 gallons) of hazard-
ous waste and no more than 1 kg
(about 2 pounds) of acutely
hazardous waste in any calendar
month, you are a conditionally-
exempt small quantity generator
and the federal hazardous waste
laws require you to:
^ Identify all hazardous waste
you generate.
>• Send this waste to a hazard-
ous waste facility, or a
landfill or other facility
approved by the state for
industrial or municipal
wastes.
^ Never accumulate more
than 1000 kg of hazardous
waste on your property. (If
you do, you become subject
to all the requirements
applicable to 100-1000 kg/
mo generators explained in
this handbook.)
100-1000 kg/mo
Generators
If you generate more than
100 and less than 1000 kg (be-
tween 220 and 2.200 pounds or
about 25 to under 300 gallons) of
hazardous waste and no more
than 1 kg of acutely hazardous
waste in any month, you are a
100-1000 kg/mo generator and
the federal hazardous waste laws
require you to:
^> Comply with the 1986 rules
for managing hazardous
waste, including the
accumulation, treatment,
storage, and disposal
requirements described in
this handbook.
Generators of 1000 kg/mo
or More
If you generate 1000 kg
(about 2,200 pounds or 300 gal-
lons) or more of hazardous
waste, or more than 1 kg of
acutely hazardous waste in any
month, you are a generator of
1000 kg/mo or more and the fed-
eral hazardous waste laws
require you to:
>• Comply with all applicable
hazardous waste manage-
ment rules.
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TABLE 4
COUNTING YOUR HAZARDOUS WASTE
Do Count
Don't Count
You do count all quantities of
"Listed" and "Characteristic"
hazardous wastes as defined on
page 2 that you:
>• Accumulate on-site for
any period of time
prior to subsequent
management.
^- Package and transport
off-site.
>• Place directly in a regulated
on-site treatment or dis-
posal unit.
>> Generate as still bottoms or
sludges and remove from
product storage tanks.
You do not have to count wastes that:
^- Are specifically exempted from counting. Examples of these
exempted wastes are:
• spent lead-acid batteries that will be sent offcsite for
reclamation.
• used oil that has not been mixed with hazardous waste.
^ May be left in the bottom of containers that have been com-
pletely emptied through conventional means, for example, by
pouring or pumping. Containers that held an acute hazardous
waste must be more thoroughly cleaned.
^- Are left as residue in the bottom of product storage tanks, if the
residue is not removed from the product tank,
>• You reclaim continuously on-site without storing the waste
prior to reclamation, such as dry cleaning solvents. (You do
have to count any residue removed from the machine as well as
spent cartridge filters.) '
^- You manage in an elementary neutralization unit; a totally
enclosed treatment unit, or a wastewater treatment unit. An
elementary neutralization unit is a regulated tank^ container, or
transport vehicle (including ships) which is designed to contain
and neutralize corrosive wastes.
^ Are discharged directly to a publicly-owned treatment works
(POTW) without being stored or accumulated first. This dis-
charge to a POTW must comply with the Clean Water Act.
POTWs are public utilities, usually owned by the city, county,
or state, that treat industrial and domestic sewage for disposal.
^- You have already counted once during the calendar month, and
treated on-site or reclaimed in some manner, and used again.
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Changing Generator Categories
Under the federal hazardous waste manage-
ment system, you may be regulated under
different rules at different times, depending on the
amount of hazardous waste you generate in a given
month. For example, if in June, you generate 100
kg or less of hazardous waste, you would be a con-
ditionally-exempt small quantity generator for
June. If, in July, your waste totals more than 100
kg but less than 1000 kg, your status changes and
your July wastes would be subject to the require-
ments for 100-1000 kg/mo generators. If in
September you generate 1000 kg or more of
hazardous waste, your September waste would be
subject to all applicable hazardous waste manage-
ment regulations, as would all other hazardous
waste you generated in previous months and
mixed with your September wastes.
If, after counting your wastes, you have
determined that you never generate more than 100
kg/mo of hazardous waste, you need not read the
following chapters. As a conditionally-exempt
small quantity generator, you must:
^ Identify your wastes as hazardous.
^ Dispose of them in a hazardous waste
facility, or a landfill or other facility
approved by the State for industrial
or municipal wastes.
^ Never accumulate more than 1000 kg
of hazardous waste at your facility, or
you become subject to all of the
requirements for 100-1000 kg/mo
generators.
If, however, you do generate between 100
and 1000 kg of hazardous waste in a month, the
remainder of this handbook will explain what you
must do to handle your hazardous wastes safely
and legally.
Remember, many
states have different
generator categories
and requirements. If
you have any questions
about your generator
status, call your state
agency (See Appendix
A) for assistance.
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CHAPTER 3
OBTAINING A U.S. EPA IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
THE THREE MOST IMPORTANT THINGS YOU
SHOULD KNOW ABOUT OBTAINING YOUR EPA
ID NUMBER
/. Call your state agency or
EPA regional office to get a
notification form.
2. Fill out the form and sign it.
3. Send the form to the hazardous
waste contact listed for
your state.
If your business generates more than 100 kg
of hazardous waste in any calendar month, you
will need to obtain a U.S. EPA Identification
Number. Transporters and facilities that store.
treat, or dispose of regulated quantities of hazard-
ous waste must also have U.S. EPA Identification
Numbers. These twelve-character identification
numbers used by EPA and states are part of a na-
tional data base on hazardous waste activities.
To obtain your U.S. EPA Identification
Number:
^- Call or write your state hazardous waste
management agency or EPA regional office (see
Appendix A) and ask for a copy of EPA Form
8700-12, "Notification of Hazardous Waste Activ-
ity." You will be sent a booklet containing the two-
page form and instructions for filling it out. Figure
1 provides a sample copy of a completed notifica-
tion form to show you the kind of information
required. (Note: A few states use a form that is
different from the form shown in Figure 1. Your
state will send you the appropriate form to
complete.)
>• Fill in the form with the same kinds of
information shown in the sample form in Figure 1.
This information covers your "installation" (your
business site) and your hazardous wastes. To com-
plete Item X of the form, you need to identify your
hazardous waste by the EPA hazardous waste
number. Appendix B contains some common
waste types generated by small quantity gen-
erators, along with their EPA hazardous waste
numbers. If you do not understand the informa-
tion in Appendix B, or if you cannot match your
wastes with those listed, seek help from one of the
sources listed in Appendix A.
>> Complete one copy of the form for each
of your plant sites or business locations where you
generate or handle hazardous wastes. Each site or
location will receive its own U.S. EPA Identifica-
tion Number.
>. Make sure your form is filled out com-
pletely and correctly and sign the certification in
Item XI. Send the form to your state hazardous
waste contact. This address is listed in the informa-
tion booklet you received with the form.
This information will be recorded by EPA
and the state, and you will be assigned a U.S. EPA
Identification Number. This number will be
unique to the site identified on your form. Use this
number on all hazardous waste shipping papers.
The U.S. EPA Identification Number will
stay with the business site or location. If you move
your business to another location; you must notify
EPA or the state of your new location and submit a
new-form. If .hazardous waste was previously han-.
died at the new location, and it already has a U.S.
EPA Identification Number, you will be. assigned
that number for the site after you have notified -
EPA.
10
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FIGURE 1
SAMPLE "NOTIFICATION OF HAZARDOUS
WASTE ACTIVITY" FORM*
Please prim or Type vvtlh ELITE type (12 characters per inch) in the unshaded areas only
Form Approved OMB No 2050-0028 Expires 3-30-88
GSANo 0246-gPA-OT
II. Installation Mailing Address
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Washington. DC 20460
^9C PA Notification of Hazardous Waste Activity
Please refer to the Instructions for
Filing Notification before completing
this form. The information requested
here is required by law (Section
3010 of the Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act).
Street or P.O. Box
^15" 0-1 M A
W
s r
City or Town
Stale
ZIP Code
4 ; •
M A L.L'T 0
III. Location of Installation
V A La 3000
Street or Route Number
A. Name of Installation's Legal Owner
B. Type of Ownership tenter coda)
7i5 0- 1 :M'4 :/ :Ni 5 T '
VII. Type of Regulated Waste Activity (Mark 'X' in the appropriate boxes. Refer to instructions.)
A. Hazardous W»«t» Activity I B. U««d Oil Fuel Activity
[ 1b. Less than 1.000 kg/mo.
JSl la. Generator
O 2. Transporter
O 3. Treater/Storer/Disposer
Q 4. Underground Injection
D 5. Market or Burn Hazardous Waste Fuel
(enter 'X' and mark appropriate boxes below)
LJ a. Generator Marketing to Burner
D b. Other Marketer
D c. Burner -
D 6. Off-Specification Used Oil Fuel
(enter 'X' ami mark appropriate boxes below) .
LJ a. Generator Marketing to Burner
D b. Other Marketer
CH c. Burner
O 7, Specification Used Oil Fuel Marketer (or On site Burner)
Who First Claims the Oil Meets the Specification
VII. Waste Fuel Burning: Type Of Combustion Device (enter 'X'in all appropriate boxes to indicate type of combustion device(s) in
which hazardous waste fuel or off-specification used oil fuel is burned. See instructions for definitions of combustion devices.)
O A. Utility Boiler CD B. Industrial Boiler O C. Industrial Furnace
VIII. Mode of Transportation (transporters only — enter 'X' in the appropriate box
DA. Air OB. Rail Oc. Highway Do. Water D E. Other (specify)
IX. First or Subsequent Notification
Mark 'X' in the appropriate box to indicate whether this is your installation's first notification of hazardous waste activity or a subsequent
notification. If this is not your first notification, enter your installation's EPA ID Number in the space provided below.
13 A. First Notification O B. Subsequent Notification (complete item C)
C. Installation's EPA ID Number
I
I
EPA Form 8700-12 (Rev. 11 -85) Previous edition is obsolete.
Continue on reverse
* Instructions for filling out this form are provided, along with the form, by EPA.
Additional information is found in Appendix B of this handbook.
n
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FIGURE 1
SAMPLE "NOTIFICATION OF HAZARDOUS
WASTE ACTIVITY" FORM*
I Continued)
X. Description of Hazardous Wastes (continued from front,
A. Hazardous Wastes from Nonspecific Sources. Enter the four-digit number from 40 CPU Part 261.31 for each listed hazardous waste
from nonspecific sources your installation handles. Use additional sheets if necessary.
F 0 0 8
F 0 I
10
11
12
B. Hazardous Wastes from Specific Sources. Enter the four-digit number from 40 CFR Part 261.32 for each listed hazardous waste from
specific sources your installation handles. Use additional sheets if necessary.
13
K 0 h
19
20
26
15
21
27
16
22
28
17
23
29
18
24
30
C. Commercial Chemical Product Hazardous Wastes. Enter the four-digit number from 40 CFR Part 261.33 for each chemical substance
your installation handles which may be a hazardous waste. Use additional sheets if necessary.
31
37
43
32
38
33
39
45
34
40
46
35
41
47
36
42
48
X listed Infectious Wastes Enter the four-digit number from 40 CFR Part 261.34 for each hazardous waste from hospitals, veterinary hos-
pitals, or medical *nd research laboratories your installation handles. Use additional sheets if necessary.
49
50
51
52
53
54
!. Characteristics of NcnltsUKl Hazardous Wastes. Mark 'X' in the boxes corresponding to the characteristics of nonlisted hazardous wastes
your installation handles ISte 4O CFR Parts 261.21 — 261.24)
1 Ignitable
IDOOll
LJ 2. Corrosive
(0002)
EH 3. Reactive
(D003)
D 4. Toxic
10000)
XI. Certification
/ certify under penalty of law that I have personally examined and am familiar with the information submitted in
this and all attached documents, and that based on my inquiry of those individuals immediately responsible for
obtaining the information, I believe that the submitted information is true, accurate, and complete, lam aware that
there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of fine and imprisonment.
Signature
A
Name and Official Title /type or print)
J05£P/V//J5 £>0£
Date Signed
EPA/Form 8700-12 (Rev. 11-85) Reverse
* Instructions for filling out this form are provided, along with the form, by EPA.
Additional information is found in Appendix B of this handbook.
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CHAPTER 4
MANAGING HAZARDOUS WASTE ON-SITE
THE THREE MOST IMPORTANT THINGS
YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT MANAGING
YOUR HAZARDOUS WASTES ON-SITE
/. Comply with storage time, quantity, and handling
requirements for containers and tanks.
2. Obtain a storage, treatment, or disposal permit if you
store, treat, or dispose of your hazardous waste on-site in a manner requiring a permit.
3. Take adequate precautions to prevent accidents, and be
prepared to handle them properly in the event that they do occur.
Storing Hazardous Waste Cm-She
You may store no more than 6000 kg of
hazardous waste on your site for up to 180 days, or
for up to 270 days if the waste must be shipped to a
treatment, storage, or disposal facility that is
located over 200 miles away. If you exceed these
time or quantity limits, you will be considered a
storage facility and you must obtain a storage per-
mit (see below) and meet all of the RCRA storage
requirements. These time limits on storage are
longer than the 90 days allowed generators of 1000
kg/mo or more. You are allowed to store your
waste for as long as 180 or 270 days so that you will
have time to accumulate enough hazardous waste
to ship it off-site for treatment or disposal
economically.
You can store hazardous waste in 55-gallon
drums, tanks, or other containers suitable for the
type of waste generated if you follow certain com-
mon sense rules that are meant to protect human
health and the environment, and reduce the likeli-
hood of damages or injuries caused by leaks or
spills of hazardous wastes.
If you store your
hazardous waste in
containers, you must:
^ Clearly mark each
container with
the words
"HAZARDOUS
WASTE," and
with the date you
began to collect
waste in that
container.
S>- Keep containers in good condition,
handle them carefully, and replace any
leaking ones.
0- Not store hazardous waste in a con-
tainer if it may cause rupture, leaks,
corrosion, or other failure.
>• Keep containers closed except when
you fill or empty them.
^- Inspect the container for leaks or corro-
sion every week.
^ Make sure that if you are storing ignit-
able or reactive wastes, containers are
placed as far as possible from your facil-
ity property line to create a buffer zone.
&• NEVER store wastes in the same con-
tainer that could react together to cause
fires, leaks, or other releases.
>> Make sure that the stored waste is taken
off-site or treated on-site within 180 (or
270) days.
If you store your
waste in tanks, you
must follow similar
common sense rules:
^ Do not store
hazardous waste
in a tank if it
may cause rup-
ture, leaks,
corrosion, or
otherwise cause
the tank to fail.
13
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Keep a tank covered or provide at least
two feet of freeboard (space at the top
of the tank) in uncovered tanks.
If your tanks have equipment that allow
the waste to flow into them continu-
ously, provide waste feed cutoff or
bypass systems to stop the flow in case
of problems.
Inspect any monitoring or gauging sys-
tems on each operating day and inspect
the tanks themselves for leaks or corro-
sion every week.
Use the National Fire Protection
Association's (NFPA) buffer zone
requirements for tanks containing ignit-
able or reactive wastes. These
requirements specify distances consid-
ered as safe buffer zones for various
liquids based on the characteristics of
all combustible arid flammable liquids.
Call your local fire department or EPA
regional office (see Appendix A) if you
need help.
Make sure that the stored waste is taken
off-site or treated on-site within 180 (or
270) days.
Treating Hazardous Waste On-She
You may treat your hazardous wastes on your
site without a special permit providing:
>• You treat the accumulated hazardous
waste within 180 (or 270) days.
^- You comply with the container and tank
regulations described above.
>• You take steps to prepare for and pre-
vent accidents as described below.
If you do not meet each of these requirements
and you treat your hazardous wastes on your site,
you must obtain a hazardous waste treatment per-
mit as described below.
Disposing of Hazardous Waste On-SHe
You may not dispose of your hazardous waste
on your site unless you have obtained a disposal
permit as described below. Under certain circum-
stances, it may be legal to dispose: of certain types
of hazardous waste on your site without a permit:
Farmers may dispose of their own waste pesticide
provided they triple rinse the empty pesticide con-
tainer and dispose of the pesticide residue on their
own farm in a manner consistent with the instruc-
tions on the pesticide label. Even if you are not a
farmer, you may be allowed to dispose of certain
hazardous wastes by discharging them directly into
your sewer drain. However, this is not considered
good management practice and in many commu-
nities it may be illegal. For more information
concerning wastes which may be disposed of in this
manner, contact your local wastewater or sewage
treatment office or your state hazardous waste
management agency (see Appendix A).
Obtaining a Permit to Store, Treat, or
Dispose of Hazardous Waste On-Sfte
If you store, treat, or dispose of your hazard-
ous waste on-site in any manner other than those
permissible ones described above, you must obtain
a permit. Obtaining a permit to store, treat, or dis-
pose of your hazardous wastes on your site can be
a costly and time consuming process. The process
is described in Title 40 of the Code of Federal
Regulations (40 CFR) Part 270. To obtain such a
permit you must:
>• Notify EPA or your state of your
hazardous waste activity.
^- Complete Part A of the permit
application.
^- Comply with the interim status stan-
dards as described in 40 CFR Part 265.
^ Complete Part B of the permit
application.
^ Comply with the standards described in
40 CFR Parts 264 and 266.
14
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If you are not sure whether you need such a
permit, or if you are interested in finding out more
about it, call your state hazardous waste manage-
ment agency or EPA regional office (see
Appendix A) for help.
Preparing for and Preventing Accidents
Whenever you generate hazardous waste and
store it on-site, you must take the precautions and
steps necessary to prevent any sudden or acciden-
tal release to the environment. This means that
you must carefully operate and maintain your
facility to reduce the possibility of fire, explosion,
or release of hazardous waste.
Your facility must have appropriate types of
emergency communication and fire equipment for
the kinds of waste handled at your site. You must
also attempt to make arrangements with local fire,
police, or hospital officials as needed to ensure
that they will be able to respond to any potential
emergencies that could arise. Some of the steps
you may need to take to prepare for emergencies
at your facility include:
^- Installing and maintaining emergency
equipment such as an alarm, a tele-
phone or a two-way portable radio, fire
extinguishers (using water, foam, inert
gas, or dry chemicals as appropriate to
your waste type), hoses, automatic
sprinklers, or spray equipment in your
plant so that it is immediately available
to your employees if there is an
emergency.
^> Providing enough room for emergency
equipment and response teams to get
into any area in your facility in the
event of an emergency.
>• Writing to local fire, police, and hos-
pital officials or state or local
emergency response teams explaining
the types of wastes you handle and ask-
ing for their cooperation and assistance
in handling emergency situations.
Planning for Emergencies
A contingency plan is a plan that attempts to
look ahead and prepare for any accidents that
could possibly occur. It can be thought of as a set
of answers to a series of "what if questions. For
example: "What if there is a fire in the area where
hazardous waste is stored?" or "What iff I have a
spill of hazardous waste or one of my containers
leaks?" Emergency procedures are the steps you
should follow if you have an emergency, that is, if
one of the "contingencies" or "what ifs" occurs.
While a specific written contingency plan is not
required, it may be a good idea to make a list of
these questions and answer them on paper. This
also may be helpful in informing your employees
about their responsibilities in the event of an
emergency.
If you have an emergency in your plant:
1. In the event of a fire, call the fire depart-
ment or attempt to extinguish it using the
appropriate type of fire extinguisher.
2. In the event of a spill, contain the flow of
hazardous waste to the extent possible and
notify the National Response Center. The
Center operates a 24-hour toll free num-
ber: 800-424-8802, or in Washington,
D.C.: 426-2675. As soon as possible, clean
up the hazardous waste and any contami-
nated materials or soil.
3. In the event of a fire, explosion, or other
release, immediately notify the National
Response Center as required by
Superfund regulations. (Superfund is the
law that deals with the cleanup of spills and
leaks of hazardous waste at abandoned
hazardous waste sites.)
Emergency phone numbers and locations of
emergency equipment must be posted near tele-
phones and all employees must know proper waste
handling and emergency procedures. You must ap-
point an employee to act as emergency coordinator
to ensure that emergency procedures are carried
15
-------
out in the event an emergency arises. The
responsibilities of the emergency coordinator are
generally that he/she be available 24 hours a day
(at the facility or by phone) and know whom to
contact and what steps to follow in an emergency.
For most small businesses, the owner or operator
may already perform these functions. Thus, it is
not intended nor is it likely that you will need to
hire a new employee to fill this role.
It is important to avoid potential risks in this
area.-If you have a serious emergency and you
have to call your local fire department or you have
a spill that extends outside your plant or that could
reach surface waters, IMMEDIATELY CALL THE
NATIONAL RESPONSE CENTER (800-424-8802)
AND GIVE THEM THE INFORMATION THEY
ASK FOR. If you didn't need to call, they will tell
you so. BUT ANYONE WHO WAS SUPPOSED
TO CALL AND DOES NOT IS SUBJECT TO A
510,000 FINE, A YEAR IN JAIL, OR BOTH. An
owner or manager of a business who fails to report
a release also may have to pay for the entire cost of
repairing any damage, even if the facility was not
the single or the main cause of the damage.
16
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CHAPTER 5
SHIPPING HAZARDOUS WASTE OFF-SITE
THE THREE MOST IMPORTANT THINGS YOU
SHOULD REMEMBER ABOUT SHIPPING YOUR
HAZARDOUS WASTE OFF-SITE
1. Choose a hauler and facility which have
EPA identification numbers.
2, Package and label your wastes for shipping.
3. Prepare a hazardous waste manifest.
Under federal regulations, if you are a 100-
1000 kg/mo generator, you are allowed to
accumulate your hazardous wastes on your
premises without a permit for up to 180 days (or
270 days if you must ship it more than 200 miles) as
long as you never accumulate more than 6000 kilo-
grams. These limits are set so that a small business
can accumulate enough waste to make shipping
and disposal more economical.
Choosing a Hazardous Waste Hauler and
Designated Waste Management fadlrty
Carefully choosing a hauler and designating a
waste management facility is important. The
hauler will be handling your wastes beyond your
control while you are still responsible for their
proper management. Similarly, the waste manage-
ment facility will be
the final destination of
your hazardous waste
for treatment, storage,
or disposal. Before
choosing a hauler or
designating a facility,
check with the follow-
ing sources:
Your friends and colleagues in business
who may have used a specific hazardous
waste hauler or designated facility in
the past.
Your trade association(s) which may
keep a file on companies that handle
hazardous wastes.
Your Better Business Bureau or
Chamber of Commerce to find out if
any complaints have been registered
against a hauler or facility.
^- Your state hazardous waste manage-
ment agency or EPA regional office,
which will be able to tell you whether or
not a company has a U.S. EPA Identi-
fication Number, and may know
whether or not the company has had
any problems.
After checking these sources, contact the hauler
and designated hazardous waste management
facility directly to verify that they have"U.S. EPA
Identification Numbers, and that'they can and will
handle your waste. Also make sure that they have
the necessary permits and insurance, and that the
hauler's vehicles are in good condition. Checking
sources and choosing a hauler and designated facil-
ity may take some time—try to begin checking well
ahead of the time you will need to ship your waste-
Careful selection is very important.
Preparing Your Hazardous Wastes
for Shipment
When you prepare hazardous wastes for ship-
ment, you must put the wastes in containers
acceptable for transportation and make sure the
containers are properly labeled. Your hauler
should be able to assist you. If you need additional
information, you may wish to consult the require-
ments for packaging and labeling hazardous wastes
found in the Department of Transportation
(DOT) regulations (49 CFR Part 172). To find out
what these requirements are for your wastes, you
should contact your state hazardous waste
management agency for the name and telephone
number of your state transportation agency. Your
state transportation agency, your hauler, or your
designated facility can help you understand the
DOT requirements.
-------
The Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest
A hazardous waste manifest is a multicopy
shipping document that you must fill out and use
to accompany your hazardous waste shipments.1
The manifest form is designed so that ship-
ments of hazardous waste can be tracked from
their point of generation to their final
destination—the so-called "cradle-to-grave" sys-
tem. The hazardous waste generator, the hauler.
and the designated facility must each sign this
document and keep a copy. The designated facility
operator also must send a copy back to you. so that
you can be sure that your shipment arrived. You
must keep this copy, which will be signed by the
hauler and designated facility, on file for three
years.
If you do not receive a signed copy from the
designated hazardous waste management facility
within 30 days, it is a good idea for you tc find out
why and. if necessary, let the state or EPA know.
REMEMBER: Just because you have shipped the
hazardous waste off your site and it is no longer in
your possession, your liability has not ended. You
are potentially liable under Superfund for any mis-
management of your hazardous waste. The
manifest will help you to track your waste during
shipment and make sure it arrives at the proper
destination.
You can obtain blank copies of the manifest
from several sources. To determine which source
you should use. use this system:
1. If the state to which you are shipping your
waste has its own manifest, use that mani-
fest form. Contact the hazardous waste
management agency of that state (see
Appendix A), your hauler, or the des-
ignated facility you intend to use for
manifest forms.
'There is an exception to this requirement. You may be able
to use a contract recycling agreement instead of a manifest.
For more information about this, contact one of the informa-
tion sources identified in Appendix A*-
2. If the state to which you are shipping your
waste does not have its own manifest, use
the manifest of the state in which your
waste was generated. Contact your hauler
or your state hazardous waste agency for
blank forms.
3. If neither state requires a state-specific
manifest, you may use the "general"
Uniform Hazardous Waste
Manifest—EPA Form 8700-22. Copies are
available from some haulers and des-
ignated hazardous waste management
facilities, or may be purchased from some
commercial printers.
A sample copy of a hazardous waste manifest
has been filled out'for you in Figure 2. When you
sign the certification in ITEM 16 you are person-
ally confirming that:
^ The manifest is complete and accurately
describes the shipment.
^ The shipment is ready for transport.
>• You have considered whether, given
your budget, your waste management
arrangements are the best to reduce the
amount and hazardous nature of your
wastes.
States, haulers, recyclers. and designated facilities
may require additional information; check with
them before you prepare a hazardous waste ship-
ment. Your hazardous waste hauler often will be
the best source for packaging and shipping
information and will help in completing the mani-
fest. EPA has also prepared some industry-specific
information to help you in completing the mani-
fest. This industry-sp'ecific information is available
from EPA Regional Offices and a number of trade
associations. If you have any trouble obtaining.
filling out. or using the manifest, ask your hauler,
your designated facility operator, or one of the
contacts listed in Appendix A for help.
Federal regulations allow you to haul your
hazardous waste to a designated facility yourself.
You must, however, obtain an EPA, transporter
identification number and comply with applicable
DOT requirements for packaging, labeling, mark-
18
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FIGURE 2
SAMPLE "UNIFORM HAZARDOUS
WASTE MANIFEST" FORM*
Please print or type tForm designed for use an elite 112-pitchi typewriter 1
NIFORM HAZARDOU!
WASTE MANIFEST
ViA.DiQiOi/ !£i3;4i5"i6i
50t MAW ST.
CO
4 Generator's Phone ( fe
s gpA IQ Numbef
iViA:
2300O
USDOTDescnpI1onftnc/utf,n£,/>roper5/,w,nff/VamftWararrfC./aK . and ,D Number,
2 Page 1
o(
Information m the shaded areas
's not required by Federa
A. State Manifest Document Number
8. State Generator's ID
C. Stata Transporter's ID
. Transporter's Ptione
E. State Transporter's ID
G. State Facility's ID
H. Facility's Phone
12 Containers ,
i '
No i Type^
13
total
: 14 )
Un i •
UQ31D OR SOi-iD, AJ06
OA;ST£ FLAMMABLE
\O\Q-1
O
-------
ing, and placarding your shipment. There are also
financial responsibility and liability requirements
under the Federal Motor Carrier Act, but you may
be exempt from these if you:
1. Use a vehicle with a Gross Vehicle Weight
Rating of less than 10,000 pounds (van or
pick-up truck).
2. Transport your wastes for commerce
within your state in non-bulk shipments
(i.e. containers with capacities of less than
3,500 gallons).
3. Transport hazardous wastes which meet
the "limited quantity exclusion" require-
ments of Section 172.101 of the DOT
regulations.
If you decide to transport your own hazard-
ous wastes, call your state hazardous waste
management agency (See Appendix A) to find out
what state regulations apply to you. Not all states
will allow you to transport your own hazardous
wastes. You should also note that if you have an
accident during transport, you are responsible for
the clean-up.
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CHAPTER 6
"GOOD HOUSEKEEPING" AND A SAFE ENVIRONMENT
THE FOUR MOST IMPORTANT THINGS
YOU SHOULD REMEMBER ABOUT
MANAGING YOUR WASTES PROPERLY
/. Reduce the amount of your hazardous waste.
2. Conduct your own self-inspection.
3. Cooperate with state and local inspectors.
4. Call your state hazardous waste management
agency or the U.S. EPA with your questions.
Good hazardous waste management can be
thought of simply as using ''good housekeeping"
practices such as: using and reusing materials as
much as possible; recycling or reclaiming waste;
treating waste to reduce its hazards; or reducing
the amount of waste you generate. To reduce the
amount of waste you generate:
^ Do not mix nonhazardous wastes with
hazardous ones. For example, do not
put nonhazardous cleaning agents or
rags in the same container as a hazard-
ous solvent or the entire contents
becomes subject to the hazardous waste
regulations.
>• Avoid mixing several different hazard-
ous wastes. Doing so may make
recycling very difficult, if not impos-
sible, or make disposal more expensive.
^ Avoid spills or leaks of hazardous prod-
ucts. (The materials used to clean up
such spills or leaks also will become
hazardous.)
^- Make sure the original containers of
hazardous products are completely
empty before you throw them away.
Use ALL the product.
>• Avoid using more of a hazardous prod-
uct than you need. For example, use no
more degreasing solvent or pesticide
than you need to do the job. Also, do
not throw away a container with unused
solvent or pesticide in it.
Reducing your hazardous waste means saving
money on raw materials and reducing the costs to
your business for managing and disposing of your
hazardous wastes.
Another aspect of "good housekeeping" is
cooperating with inspection agencies and using a
visit by an inspector as an opportunity to identify
and correct problems. Accompanying state or
local inspectors on a tour of your facility will
enable you to ask any questions you may have and
receive advice on more effective ways of handling
your hazardous products and wastes. In addition,
guiding the inspectors through your property and
explaining your operations may help them to be
more sensitive to the particular problems or needs
of your business. Inspectors can also serve as a
valuable source of information on recordkeeping,
manifests, and safety requirements specific to your
facility.
The best way to prepare for a visit from an
inspector is to conduct your own self-inspection.
This handbook can serve as a basic guide to
developing a self-inspection checklist. Make sure
you can answer correctly the following questions,
and make sure you have met the requirements
described in the handbook:
0 Do you have some documentation on
the AMOUNTS and KINDS of hazard-
ous waste you generate and on how you
determined that they are hazardous?
ra Do you have a U.S. EPA IDENTI-
FICATION NUMBER?
0 Do you SHIP waste OFF-SITE? If so,
by which HAULER and to which DES-
IGNATED HAZARDOUS WASTE
MANAGEMENT FACILITY?
0 Do you have copies of MANIFESTS
used to ship your hazardous waste off-
site? Are they filled out correctly? Have
they been signed by the designated
facility?
21
-------
Is your hazardous waste stored in the
PROPER CONTAINERS?
Are the containers properly DATED
and MARKED?
Have you designated an EMERGENCY
COORDINATOR?
Have you posted EMERGENCY
TELEPHONE NUMBERS and the loca-
tion of EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT?
Are your EMPLOYEES thoroughly
FAMILIAR with proper waste handling
and emergency procedures?
Do you understand when you may need
to contact the NATIONAL RESPONSE
CENTER?
Remember: If you are still uncertain
about how to handle your hazardous waste, or
have any questions concerning the rules for
100-1000 kg/mo generators, there are several
sources listed in Appendix A that you can
contact for answers. Taking responsibility for
proper handling of hazardous waste will not
only ensure a safer environment and
workplace for everyone, but will save your
business money. So write or call your state
hazardous waste management agency or the
U.S. EPA with your questions today.
22
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APPENDIX A
EPA AND STATE HAZARDOUS WASTE CONTACTS
FOR ASSISTANCE
RCRA/Superfund Hotline
1-800-424-9346
(In Washington, D.C.:382-3000)
EPA Small Business Ombudsman
Hotline 1-800-368-5888
(In Washington, D.C.:557-1938)
National Response Center
1-800-424-8802
(In Washington, D.C.: 426-2675)
Regions
4 — Alabama
10 — Alaska
9 — Arizona
6 — Arkansas
9 — California
8 — Colorado
1 — Connecticut
3 — Delaware
3 —D.C.
4 — Florida
4 — Georgia
9 — Hawaii
10 — Idaho
5 — Illinois
Regions
5 — Indiana
7 — Iowa
7 — Kansas
4 — Kentucky
6 — Louisiana
1 — Maine
3 — Maryland
1 — Massachusetts
5 — Michigan
5 — Minnesota
4 — Mississippi
7 — Missouri
8 — Montana
7 — Nebraska
Regions
9 — Nevada
1 — New Hampshire
2 — New Jersey
6 — New Mexico
2 — New York
4 — North Carolina
8 — North Dakota
5 — Ohio
6 — Oklahoma
10 — Oregon
3 — Pennsylvania
1 — Rhode Island
4 — South Carolina
8 — South Dakota
Regions
4 — Tennessee
6 —Texas
8 — Utah '
• 1 — Vermont
3 —. Virginia •
10 — Washington
3 — West Virginia
5 — Wisconsin
8 — Wyoming
9 — American Samoa
9 — Guam
2 — Puerto Rico
2 — Virgin Islands
23
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APPENDIX A
U.S. EPA REGIONAL OFFICES
EPA Region I
State Waste Programs Branch
JFK Federal Building
Boston, Massachusetts 02203
(617) 223-3468
Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maine,
New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont
EPA Region II
Air and Waste Management Division
26 Federal Plaza
New York, New York 10278
(212) 264-5175
New Jersey, New York, Puerto Rico,
Virgin Islands
EPA Region III
Waste Management Branch
841 Chestnut Street
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
(215) 597-9336
Delaware, Maryland. Pennsylvania,
Virginia. West Virginia,
District of Columbia
EPA Region IV
Hazardous Waste Management Division
345 Courtland Street, N.E.
Atlanta, Georgia 30365
(404) 347-3016
Alabama, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Mississippi, North
Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee
EPA Region V
RCRA Activities
230 South Dearborn Street
Chicago, Illinois 60604
(312) 353-2000
Illinois, Indiana, Michigan,
Minnesota, Ohio, Wisconsin
EPA Region VI
Air and Hazardous Materials Division
1201 Elm Street
Dallas, Texas 75270
(214) 767-2600
Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico,
Oklahoma, Texas
EPA Region VII
RCRA Branch
726 Minnesota Avenue
Kansas City, Kansas 66101
(913) 236-2800
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska
EPA Region VIII
Waste Management Division (8HWM-ON)
One Denver Place
999 18th Street, Suite 1300
Denver, Colorado 80202-2413
(303)293-1502
Colorado, Montana, North Dakota,
South Dakota, Utah, Wyoming
EPA Region IX
Toxics and Waste Management Division
215 Fremont Street :
San Francisco, California 94105
(415) 974-7472
Arizona, California, Hawaii,
Nevada, American Samoa, Guam,
Trust Territories of the Pacific
EPA Region X
Waste Management Branch—MS-530
1200 Sixth Avenue
Seattle, Washington 98101
(206) 442-2777 ,
Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, Washington
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APPENDIX A
STATE HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT AGENCIES
ALABAMA
Alabama Department of
Environmental Management
Land Division
1751 Federal Driye
Montgomery. Alabama 36130
(205) 271-7730
ALASKA
Department of Environmental
Conservation
P.O. Box 0
Juneau, Alaska 99811
Program Manager: (907) 465-2666
Northern Regional Office
(Fairbanks): (907) 452-1714
South-Central Regional Office
(Anchorage): (907) 274-2533
Southeast Regional Office
(Juneau): (907) 789-3151
AMERICAN SAMOA
Environmental Quality Commission
Government of American Samoa
Pago Pago, American Samoa 96799
Overseas Operator
(Commercial Call (684) 663-4116)
ARIZONA
Arizona Department of .
Health Services
Office of Waste and Water Quality
2005 North Central Avenue
Room 304
Phoenix, Arizona 85004
Hazardous Waste Management:
(602) 255-2211
ARKANSAS
Department of Pollution Control
and Ecology
Hazardous Waste Division
P.O. Box 9583
8001 National Drive
Little Rock, Arkansas 72219
(501) 562-7444
CALIFORNIA
Department of Health Services
Toxic Substances Control Division
714 P Street, Room 1253.
Sacramento, California 95814
(916) 324-1826
State Water Resources Control Board
Division of Water Quality
P.O. Box 100
Sacramento, California 95801
(916) 322-2867
COLORADO
Colorado Department of Health
Waste Management Division
4210 E. llth Avenue
Denver, Colorado 80220
(303) 320-8333 Ext. 4364
CONNECTICUT
Department of Environmental
Protection
Hazardous Waste Management
Section
State Office Building
165 Capitol Avenue
Hartford, Connecticut 06106
(203) 566-8843, 8844
Connecticut Resource Recovery
Authority
179 Allyn Street, Suite 603
Professional Building
Hartford, Connecticut 06103
(203) 549-6390
DELAWARE
Department of Natural Resources
and Environmental Control
Waste Management Section
P.O. Box 1401
Dover, Delaware 19903
(302) 736-4781
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
Department of Consumer and
Regulatory Affairs
Pesticides and Hazardous Waste
Materials Division
Room 114
5010 Overlook Avenue, S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20032
(202) 767-8414
FLORIDA
Department of Environmental
Regulation
Solid and Hazardous Waste Section
Twin Towers Office Building
2600 Blair Stone Road
Tallahassee, Florida 32301
RE: SQG's
(904) 488-0300
GEORGIA
Georgia Environmental Protection
Division
Hazardous Waste Management
Program
Land Protection Branch
Floyd Towers East, Suite 1154
205 Butler Street, S.E.
Atlanta, Georgia 30334
(404) 656-2833
Toll Free: (800) 334-2373
GUAM
Guam Environmental Protection
Agencv
P.O. Box" 2999
Agana, Guam 96910
Overseas Operator
(Commercial Call (671) 646-7579)
HAWAII
Department of Health
Environmental Health Division
P.O. Box 3378
Honolulu, Hawaii 96801
(808) 548-4383
ffl
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APPENDIX A
I IDAHO
Department of Health and Welfare
Bureau of Hazardous Materials
450 West State Street
Boise. Idaho 83720
(208)334-5879
ILUNOIS
Environmental Protection Agency
Division of Land Pollution Control
2200 Churchill Road. #24
Springfield. Illinois 62706
(217) 782-6761
INDIANA
Department of Environmental
Management
Office of Solid and Hazardous Waste
105 South Meridian
Indianapolis, Indiana 46225
(317) 232-4535
IOWA
U.S. EPA Region VII
Hazardous Materials Branch
726 Minnesota Avenue
Kansas City, Kansas 66101
(913) 236-2888
Iowa RCRA Toll Free:
(800) 223-0425
KANSAS
Department of Health and
Environment
Bureau of Waste Management
Forbes Field. Building 321
Topeka. Kansas 66620
(913) 862-9360 Ext. 292
KENTUCKY
Natural Resources and
Environmental Protection Cabinet
Division of Waste Management
18 Reilly Road
Frankfort, Kentucky 40601
(502) 564-6716
LOUISIANA
Department of Environmental
Quality
Hazardous Waste Division
P.O. Box 44307
Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70804
(504) 342-1227
MAINE
Department of Environmental
Protection
Bureau of Oil and Hazardous
Materials Control
State House Station #17
Augusta, Maine 04333
(207) 289-2651
MARYLAND
Department of Health and Mental
Hygiene
Maryland Waste Management
Administration
Office of Environmental Programs
201 West Preston Street, Room A3
Baltimore, Maryland 21201
(301) 225-5709
MASSACHUSETTS
Department of Environmental
Quality Engineering
Division of Solid and Hazardous
Waste
One Winter Street, 5th Floor
Boston, Massachusetts 02108
(617) 292-5589
(617) 292-5851
MICHIGAN
Michigan Department of Natural
Resources
Hazardous Waste Division
Waste Evaluation Unit
Box 30028
Lansing, Michigan 48909
(517) 373-2730
MINNESOTA
Pollution Control Agency
Solid and Hazardous Waste Division
1935 West County Road, B-2
Roseville, Minnesota 55113
(612) 296-7282
MISSISSIPPI
Department of Natural Resources
Division of Solid and Hazardous
Waste Management
P.O. Box 10385 :
Jackson, Mississippi 39209
(601) 961-5062
MISSOURI [
Department of Natural Resources
Waste Management Program
P.O. Box 176
Jefferson City, Missouri 65102
(314)751-3176 :
Missouri Hotline:
(800)334-6946 :
MONTANA
Department of Health and
Environmental Sciences
Solid and Hazardous Waste Bureau
Cogswell Building, Room B-201
Helena, Montana '59620
.(406) 444-2821
NEBRASKA
Department of Environmental
Control
Hazardous Waste Management
Section
P.O. Box 94877 ;
State House Station
Lincoln, Nebraska 68509
(402) 471-2186 [
NEVADA
Division of Environmental Protection
Waste Management Program
Capitol Complex
Carson City. Nevada 89710
(702) 885-4670
NEW HAMPSHIRE
Department of Health and Human
Services i
Division of Public Health Services
Office of Waste Management
Health and Welfare Building
Hazen Drive
Concord. New Hampshire 03301-6527
(603) 271-4608
|MJ
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APPENDIX A
NEW JERSEY
Department of Environmental
Protection
Division of Waste Management
32 East Hanover Street, CN-028
Trenton, New Jersey 08625
Hazardous Waste Advisement
Program: (609) 292-8341
NEW MEXICO
Environmental Improvement
Division
Ground Water and Hazardous
Waste Bureau
Hazardous Waste Section
P.O. Box 968
Santa Fe, New Mexico 87504-0968
(505) 827-2922
NEW YORK
Department of Environmental
Conservation
Bureau of Hazardous Waste
Operations
50 Wolf Road, Room 209
Albany, New York 12233
(518) 457-0530
SQG Hotline: (800) 631-0666
NORTH CAROLINA
Department of Human Resources
Solid and Hazardous Waste
Management Branch
P.O. Box 2091
Raleigh, North Carolina 27602
(919) 733-2178
NORTH DAKOTA
Department of Health
Division of Hazardous Waste
Management and Special Studies
1200 Missouri Avenue
Bismarck, North Dakota 58502-5520
(701) 224-2366
NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS,
COMMONWEALTH OF
Department of Environmental and
Health Services
Division of Environmental Quality
P.O. Box 1304
Saipan, Commonwealth of ,
Mariana Islands 96950
Overseas call (670) 234-6984
OHIO
Ohio EPA
Division of Solid and Hazardous
Waste Management
361 East Broad Street
Columbus, Ohio 43266-0558
(614) 466-7220
OKLAHOMA
Waste Management Service
Oklahoma State Department of
Health
P.O. Box 53551
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73152
(405) 271-5338
OREGON
Hazardous and Solid Waste Division
P.O. Box 1760
Portland, Oregon 97207
(503) 229-6534
Toll Free: (800) 452-4011
PENNSYLVANIA
Bureau of Waste Management
Division of Compliance Monitoring
P.O. Box 2063
Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 17120
(717) 787-6239
PUERTO RICO
Environmental Quality Board
P.O. Box 11488
Santurce, Puerto Rico 00910-1488
(809) 723-8184
-or —
EPA Region II
Air and Waste Management Division
26 Federal Plaza
New York, New York 10278
(212) 264-5175
RHODE ISLAND
Department of Environmental
Management
Division of Air and Hazardous
Materials
Room 204, Cannon Building
75 Davis Street
Providence, Rhode Island 02908
(401) 277-2797
SOUTH CAROLINA
Department of Health and
Environmental Control
Bureau of Solid and Hazardous
Waste Management
2600 Bull Street
Columbia, South Carolina 29201
(803) 734-5200
SOUTH DAKOTA
Department of Water and Natural
Resources
Office of Air Quality and Solid Waste
Foss Building, Room 217
Pierre, South Dakota 57501
(605) 773-3153
TENNESSEE
Division of Solid Waste Management
Tennessee Department of Public
Health
701 Broadway
Nashville, Tennessee 37219-5403
(615) 741-3424
TEXAS
Texas Water Commission
Hazardous and Solid Waste Division
Attn: Program Support Section
1700 North Congress
Austin, Texas 78711
(512) 463-7761
UTAH
Department of Health
Bureau of Solid and Hazardous
Waste Management
P.O. Box 16700
Salt Lake City, Utah 84116-0700
(801) 538-6170
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APPENDIX A
VERMONT
Agency of Environmental
Conservation
103 South Main Street
Waterbury, Vermont 05676
(802) 244-8702
VIRGIN ISLANDS
Department of Conservation and
Cultural Affairs
P.O. Box 4399
Charlotte Amalie. St. Thomas
Virgin Islands 00801
(809) 774-3320
—or—
EPA Region II
Air and Waste Management Division
26 Federal Plaza
New York. New York 10278
(212) 264-5175
VIRGINIA
Department of Health
Division of Solid and Hazardous
Waste Management
Monroe Building, llth Floor
101 North 14th Street
Richmond, Virginia 23219
(804) 225-2667
Hazardous Waste Hotline:
(800) 552-2075
WASHINGTON
Department of Ecology
Solid and Hazardous Waste Program
Mail Stop PV-11
Olympia. Washington 98504-8711
(206) 459-6322
In-State: 1-800-633-7585
WEST VIRGINIA
Division of Water Resources
Solid and Hazardous Waste/
Ground Water Branch
1201 Greenbrier Street
Charleston, West Virginia 25311
WISCONSIN
Department of Natural Resources
Bureau of Solid Waste Management
P.O. Box 7921
Madison, Wisconsin 53707
(608) 266-1327
WYOMING
Department of Environmental Quality
Solid Waste Management Program
122 West 25th Street
Cheyenne, Wyoming 82002
(307) 777-7752
—or-
EPA Region VIII
Waste Management Division
(8HWM-ON)
One Denver Place
999 18th Street
Suite 1300
Denver, Colorado 80202-2413
(303) 293-1502
28
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APPENDIX B
EPA HAZARDOUS WASTE NUMBERS FOR WASTE STREAMS
COMMONLY GENERATED-BY SMALL QUANTITY GENERATORS
The Environmental Protection Agency rec-
ognizes that generators of small quantities of
hazardous waste, many of which are small busi-
nesses, may not be familiar with the manner in
which hazardous waste materials are identified.
This Appendix has been assembled to aid 100-1000
kg/mo small quantity generators in determining
the EPA Hazardous Waste Numbers for their
wastes. These numbers are needed to complete the
"Notification of Hazardous Waste Activity,"
Form 8700-12.
This Appendix contains lists of EPA Hazard-
ous Waste Numbers for each waste stream
identified in Table 2 in Chapter 1 of the handbook.
Note that acutely hazardous wastes are identified
with an asterisk (*).
To Use This Appendix
1. Locate your business type in Table 2 in
Chapter 1. This will help you to identify
the waste streams common to your
activities.
2. Find each of the waste streams that you
identified in Table 2 in the more detailed
descriptions in this Appendix. Review the
more detailed descriptions of typical
wastes to determine which waste streams
actually result from your activities.
3. If you determine that you actually do gen-
erate a particular waste stream, report the
four-digit EPA Hazardous Waste Number
in Item X of Form 8700-12, "Notification
of Hazardous Waste Activity."
The specific instructions for completing Item
X (Description of Hazardous Wastes) of the noti-
fication form are included in the notification
package. You should note, however, that specific
EPA Hazardous Waste Numbers beginning with:
^ "F" should be entered in Item X,
Section A.
>> "K" should be entered in Item X,
Section B.
* "P" or "U" should be entered in
Item X, Section C.
»> "D" should be entered in Item X,
Section E.
The industries and waste streams described
here do not provide a comprehensive list, but
rather serve as a guide to potential small quantity
generators in determining which of their wastes, if
any, are hazardous. Except for the pesticide and
wood preserving categories, this Appendix does
not include EPA Hazardous Waste Numbers for
commercial chemical products that are hazardous
when discarded unused. These chemicals and their
EPA Hazardous Waste Numbers are listed in Title
40 of the Code of Federal Regulations (40 CFR) in
Section 261.33.
If the specific EPA Hazardous Waste Num-
ber that should be applied to your waste stream is
unclear, please refer to 40 CFR Part 261, reprinted
in the Notification Form 8700-12 package. In those
cases where more than one EPA Hazardous Waste
Number is applicable, all should be used. If you
have any questions, or if you are unable to deter-
mine the proper EPA Hazardous Waste Numbers
for your wastes, contact your state hazardous
waste management agency, or the RCRA/
Superfund Hotline (see Appendix A).
Solvents:
Solvents, spent solvents, solvent mixtures, or
solvent still bottoms are often hazardous. This
includes solvents used in degreasing (identified as
F001) and paint brush cleaning and distillation
residues from reclamation. The following are some
commonly used hazardous solvents (also see ignit-
able wastes for other hazardous solvents, and 40
CFR 261.31 for most listed hazardous waste
solvents):
Benzene
Carbon Disulfide
Carbon Tetrachloride
Chlorobenzene
Cresols
Cresylic Acid
O-Dichlorobenzene
Ethanol
2-Ethoxyethanol
Ethylene Bichloride
Isobutanol
F005
F005
F001
F002
F004
F004
F002
D001
F005
D001
F005
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APPENDIX B
Isopropanol
Kerosene
Methyl Ethyl Ketone
Methylene Chloride
Naphtha
Nitrobenzene
2-Nitropropane
Petroleum Solvents
(Flashpoint less than 140°F)
Pyridine
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
1,1,2-Trichloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
(Perchloroethylene)
Toluene
•Trichloroethylene
Trichlorofluoromethane
Trichlorotrifluoroethane
(Valclene)
White Spirits
D001
D001
FOOS
F001
F002
D001
F004
FOOS
D001
FOOS
F001
F002
F002
F001
F002
FOOS
F001
F002
F002
F002
D001
Adds/Bases:
Acids, bases, or mixtures having a pH less
than or equal to 2 or greater than or equal to 12.5,
are considered corrosive (for a complete descrip-
tion of corrosive wastes, see 40 CFR 261.22,
Characteristic of corrosivity). All corrosive
materials and solutions have the EPA Hazardous
Waste Number D002. The following are some of
the more commonly used corrosives:
Acetic Acid
Ammonium Hydroxide
Chromic Acid
Hydrobromic Acid
Hydrochloric Acid
Hydrofluoric Acid
Nitric Acid
Oleum
Perchloric Acid
Phosphoric Acid
Potassium Hydroxide
Sodium Hydroxide
Sulfuric Acid
Dry Cleaning.
filtration Residues:
Cooked powder residue (perchloroethylene
plants only), still residues, and spent cartridge fil-
ters containing perchloroethylene or valclene are
hazardous and have the EPA Hazardous Waste
Number F002.
Still residues containing petroleum solvents
with a flashpoint less than 140°F are considered
hazardous and have the EPA Hazardous Waste
Number D001.
Heavy Metals/Inorganics:
Heavy metals and other inorganic waste
materials exhibit the characteristic of EP Toxicity
and are considered hazardous if the extract from a
representative sample of the waste has any of the
specific constituent concentrations as shown in 40
CFR 261.24, Table 1. This may include dusts, solu-
tions, wastewater treatment sludges, paint wastes,
waste inks, and other such materials which contain
heavy metals/inorganics .(note that, wastewater
treatment sludges from electroplating operations
are identified as F006). The following are EP
Toxic:
Arsenic
Barium
Cadmium
Chromium
Lead
Mercury
Selenium
Silver
D004
D005
D006
D007
D008
D009
D010
D011
Ign'rtable Wastes:
Ignitable wastes include any liquids that have
a flashpoint less than WOT, any non-liquids that
are capable of causing a fire through friction,
absorption of moisture, or spontaneous chemical
change, or any ignitable compressed gas as de-
scribed in 49 CFR 173.300 (for a complete
3O
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APPENDIX B
description of ignitable wastes, see 40 CFR 261.21,
Characteristic of ignitability). Examples are spent
solvents (see also solvents), solvent still bottoms,
ignitable paint wastes (paint removers, brush
cleaners and stripping agents), epoxy resins and
adhesives (epoxies, rubber cements and marine
glues), and waste inks containing flammable sol-
vents. Unless otherwise specified, all ignitable
wastes have the EPA Hazardous Waste Number of
D001.
Some commonly used ignitable compounds
are:
Acetone F003
Benzene F005
n-Butyl Alcohol F003
Chlorobenzene F0021
Cyclohexanone F003
Ethyl Acetate F003
Ethylbenzene F003
Ethyl Ether F003
Ethylene Dichloride D001
Methanol F003
Methyl Isobutyl Ketone F003
Petroleum Distillates D001
Xylene F003
Ink Sludges Containing
Chromium and Lead:
This includes solvent washes and sludges,
caustic washes and sludges, or water washes and
sludges from cleaning tubs and equipment used in
the formulation of ink from pigments, driers,
soaps, and stabilizers containing chromium and
lead. All ink sludges have the EPA Hazardous
Waste Number K086.
Lead-Add Batteries:
Used lead-acid batteries should be reported
on the notification form only if they are not re-
cycled. Used lead-acid batteries that are recycled
do not need to be counted in determining the
quantity of waste that you generate per month, nor
do they, require a hazardous waste manifest when
shipped off your premises. (Note: Special require-
ments do apply if you recycle your batteries on
your own premises—see 40 CFR Part 266.)
Lead Dross D008
Spent Acids DQ02
Lead-Acid Batteries D008
Pesticides:
The pesticides listed below are hazardous.
Wastes marked with an asterisk (*) have been des-
ignated acutely hazardous. For a more complete
listing, see 40 CFR 261.32 and 261.33 for specific
listed pesticides, and other wastes, wastewaters,
sludges, and by-products from pesticide for-
mulators. (Note that while many of these
pesticides are no longer in common use, they are
included here for those cases where they may be
found in storage.)
*Aldicarb
*Aldrin
1 Chlorobenzene is listed by EPA as a hazardous waste due to
its toxicity and has been assigned EPA Hazardous Waste
Number F002. It has a flashpoint, however, of less than 140°F
and is therefore included here as an ignitable waste.
Amitrole
* Arsenic Pentoxide
* Arsenic Trioxide
Cacodylic Acid
Carbamic Acid, Methylnitroso-,
Ethyl Ester
Chlordane
* Copper Cyanides
1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane
1,2-Dichloropropane
1,3-Dichloropropene
2,4-Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid
DDT
*Dieldrin
Dimethylcarbamoyl Chloride
P070
P004
U011
P011
P012
U136
U178
U036
P029
U066
U083
U084
U240
U061
P037
U097
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APPENDIX B
Pesticides (Continued):
* Dinitrocresol
*Dinoseb
Disodium Monomethanearsenate
*Disulfoton
*Endosulfan
*Endrin
Ethylmercuric Chloride
*Famphur
"Heptachlor
Hexachlorobenzene
Kepone
Lindane
2-Methoxy Mercuric Chloride
Methoxychlor
* Methyl Parathion
Monosodium Methanearsenate
* Nicotine
* Parathion
Pentachloronitrobenzene
Pentachlorophenol
Phenylmercuric Acetate
"Phorate
'Strychnine
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxy
Acetic Acid
2-(2.4,5-Trichlorophenoxy)-
Propionic Acid
'Thallium Sulfate
Thiram
'Toxaphene
Warfarin
P047
P020
D004
P039
P050
P051
D009
P097
P059
U127
U142
U129
D009
DOW
P071
D004
P075
P089
U185
U242
D009
P094
P108
U232
U233
P115
U244
P123
U248
Reactives:
Reactive wastes include reactive materials or
mixtures which are unstable, react violently with
or form explosive mixtures with water, generate
toxic gases or vapors when mixed with water (or
when exposed to pH conditions between 2 and
12.5 in the case of cyanide or sulfide bearing •
wastes), or are capable of detonation or explosive
reaction when heated or subjected to shock (for a
complete description of reactive wastes, see 40
CFR 261.23, Characteristic of reactivity). Unless
otherwise specified, all reactive wastes have the
EPA Hazardous Waste Number D003. The follow-
ing materials are commonly considered to be
reactive:
Acetyl Chloride
Chromic Acid
Cyanides
Hypochlorites
Organic Peroxides
Perchlorates
Permanganates
Sulfides
Spent Mating and
Cyanide Wastes:
Spent plating wastes contain cleaning solu-
tions and plating solutions with caustics, solvents,
heavy metals, and cyanides. Cyanide wastes may
also be generated from heat treatment operations,
pigment production, and manufacturing of anti-
caking agents. Plating wastes are generally
Hazardous Waste Numbers F006-F009, with F007-
F009 containing cyanide. Cyanide heat treating
wastes are generally Hazardous Waste Numbers
F010-F012. See 40 CFR 261.32 for a more com-
plete description of plating wastes.
Wood Preserving Agents:
The wastewater treatment sludges from
wastewater treatment operations are considered
hazardous (EPA Hazardous Waste Number
K001—bottom sediment sludges from the treat-
ment of wastewater processes that use creosote
and pentachlorophenol). In addition, unless other-
wise indicated, specific wood preserving
compounds are:
Chromated Copper Arsenate
Creosote
Pentachlorophenol
D004
U051
F027
32
S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 19e£-S21-735'6C5~3
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NOTE: This handbook was intended to avoid the
need for you to obtain, read, and understand the
actual regulatory requirements for small quantity
generators contained in the Code of Federal
Regulations (CFR). However, if you wish to
obtain a copy of the actual regulations, you may
do so by requesting a copy of the March 24, 1986
Federal Register from one of the sources in
Appendix A. The requirements for small quantity
generators are contained in Parts 261 and 262 of
the hazardous waste regulations.
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