&EPA
U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency
tice ol Solid Waste i
Emergency Response
fice ot KesearcJ
and Development
No. 1 November 1990
EPA/540/2-90/004
IN THE FIELD
An information update on applying bioremediation to site clean-up.
Welcome
the Bioremediatioii Held Initiative is designed to
prpvide EPA and State project managers, consulting
engineers, and industry with timely information
regarding new developments in the application of
bioremediation. These applications include the
cleanup of abandoned waste sites, industrial facilities,
leaking underground storage tanks and ground water
impacted from these sources. The Technology
Innovation Office (tlO), an office within the Office
of Solid Waste andEmergency Response (OSWER),
in conjunction with the Office of Research and
Development's (ORD)OfficeofTechnologyT3ransfer
andKeguIatory Support, willproduce this bulletin on
a tegular basis to serve as the principal information
transfer mechanism for the Bioremediation Field
Initiative. Futureissuesof Bioremediation wUlfeature
articles highlighting field and laboratory tests of
bioremediation techniques conducted by EPA's
Regional Offices, ORE), States, various Federal
agencies, and others, Future issues will also keep
readers updated on conferences and seminars, new
publications, noteworthy journal articles, and Other
newsworthy events in the field of bioremediation*
EPA Launches the Bioremediation
Field Initiative
In February 1990, EPA Administrator William Reilly
hosted a meeting for over 70 representatives of
biotreatment companies, site cleanup contractors,
environmental organizations, academia, and other
Federal agencies. The purpose of the meeting was to
develop an agenda for the 1990's outlining strategies for
increasing the use of bioremediation for the cleanup of
hazardous waste sites and petroleum products. One of
the major themes highlighted at the meeting was the
need to expand the nation's field experience regarding
bioremediation techniques and to collect and disseminate
performancedatafromthosefieldexperiences. Themeeting
participants recommended thatEPA serve as the focal point
in conducting bioremediation field tests and evaluations,
and in documenting and distributing the results.
Based on recommendations from the February meeting,
EPA's new Bioremediation Field Initiative has been
instituted jointly by OSWER and ORD. The initiative is
designed as a three-pronged effort over the next two years.
The first aspect of the Initiative is to more fully document
the performance of full-scale bioremediation field
applications. Performance evaluations will be carried out
on in situ and ex situ bioremediation projects and will assess
treatment effectiveness, operational reliability, and cost
OSWER and ORD intend to focus on sites utilizing in situ
biological treatment for surface and subsurface
contamination, but sites utilizing other bioremediation
techniques are also being considered.
The second aspect of the Initiative is to provide technical
assistance to EPA and State site managers overseeing or
creosote
19%
solvents
13%
petroleum
26%
miscellaneous
42%
Figure 1: Major Waste Types Being
Remediated
Printed on Recycled Paper
-------
considering the use of bioremediation. Technical assistance
can beprovided to assist with sitechatacterization,treatability
study design, or the interpretation of results. This assistance
is beingprovided through the ORD Technical SupportCenters
in Ada and Cincinnati.
The third aspect of the Initiative is .the development of a
treaiability data base. Data is being compiled on lab, pilot,
and full-scale operations being undertaken at CERCLA,
RCRA, and UST sites. Treatability data is being obtained
from the Regions, States, other Federal agencies, and the
private sector. The data base will be a central repository of
current data on progress in the field in determining the
treatability of various contaminants and matrices. This
information will be initially available through EPA's Alter-
native Treatment Technology Information Center (ATTIC)
(see page 16). This information will also be available as part
of a bioremediation expert system which is being developed
by ORD. This system will be available in FY 92. As this
information becomes available, notification will be provided
in this bulletin.
Bioremediation Projects Identified at
CERCLA, RCRA and UST Sites
To date, 133 sites have been identified across the country
whcrebioremediation projects arebeing considered, planned,
or have fully operational units. These sites and ancillary
information about the sites are provided in Table 1. This
Table will be updated and new sites added quarterly. When
significant advancements are achieved at these sites, articles
on the sites will be featured in this bulletin.
Data compiled on these sites show that bioremediation is
being undertaken for three major waste categories: petro-
leum, creosote (with and without pentachlorophenol) and
solvents (Figure 1). These three waste types comprise about
two-thirds of the waste types being biologically remediated.
CERCLA, RCRA and UST sites are included in this assess-
ment Figure 2 depicts the legislative authority under which
these sites are categorized. As indicated, most of the infor-
mation available is from Superfund sites. The information
received to date is largely from the EPA Regional offices.
CERCLA
RCRA UST
7777
7V/*//
15%
Figure 2: EPA Program Distribution of the Sites
Using Bioremediation
Some states (e.g. California, Michigan and New York) have
provided data on their sites; however, information is still
being received from a number of other states. Consequently,
the number of sites contained in this list will continue to
expand, especially where the States have the lead on the sites,
e.g. UST sites.
Figure 3 shows the distribution, by Region, of the sites
identified in Table 1. Federal- and State-lead projects are
included in this analysis.
Figure 4 depicts the various stages of implementation of the
bioremediation projects identified in Table 1. Roughly, one-
FigureS: Distribution of
Bioremediation Projects by Region
Region 4
(11%)
Region 3
(8%)
Region 5
(23%)
Region 6
(6%)
Region
(6%)
Region 2
(9%)
Region 1
(6%)
Region 10
(4%)
Region 9
(22%)
Region 8
(5%)
third are in the planning stage, one-third are undergoing or
havecompleted treatability studies, andone-third are between
commencement of design and project completion.
Field Evaluation Sites
Based on nominations received from the Regions and the
States, four sites are being considered for field evaluations
under the Initiative. The types of sites include 1) a creosote
site, 2) a site contaminated with trichloroethylene,
dichloroethylene and vinyl chloride, 3) an ethylene glycol
site, and 4) an underground storage tank site. As work
proceeds on these sites and evaluations are performed,
information will be made available immediately in this
bulletin and through other EPA publications. For sites with
full-scale bioremediation projects, Regional and State site
-------
40-,
35-
30-
25-
20-
15-
10-
5-
o_
X*
J«*
-T^^^TIH™111""!!-
m ^^^•mp
— W& La"3^1'01 i I
01 -_• _ Hi Treatability 1 Lab/Pilot 1
- - Plannin9 I Studies in 1 Treatability 1
m Progress 1 Studies i
H i Completed i
I Hi i 1
Full Scale
Implemen-
tation
Begun or
Under Design/
Construction
Figure 4: Number of Bioremediation Projects at
Various Stages of Implementation
managers interestedin nominating their site for theevaluation
program should contact Fran Kremer (see below).
Request for Site Information
from Regions, States, and the
Private Sector
If you have information on a site using bioremediation that is
not identified in Table 1, please submit this informaiton in
writing to the Coordinator of the Initiative. Additionally, if
you have laboratory-, pilot- or full-scale treatability data on
a site, please have a copy sent to the Coordinator, if it has not
already been sent
Bioremediation Field Initiative
Contacts
Dr. Fran Kremer
Coordinator, Bioremediation Field Initiative
U.S.EPA
Center for Environmental Research Information
26W.M.L.KingDr.
Cincinnati, OH 45268
Margaret Kelly
Technology Innovation Office
OSWER
U.S.EPA
OS 110
401 M. St.
Washington DC 20460
This initiative is a cooperative effort among the Technology Innovation Office (TIO), Office of Solid Waste and
Emergency Response (OSWER) and the Office of Technology Transfer and Regulatory Support (OTTRS) and the Office
of Environmental Engineering and Technology Demonstration (OEETD), Office of Research and Development (ORD).
Major contributors to this initiative include the waste programs in the EPA Regional Offices and the following laboratories
in ORD: Ada, OK; Athens, GA; Cincinnati, OH; Gulf Breeze, FL; and Research Triangle Park, NC.
-------
TABLE 1
CERCLA/RCRA/UST SITES CONSIDERING, PLANNING, OR OPERATING FULL-SCALE BIOREMEDIATION SYSTEMS
Htglon
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
3
II
II
II
II
II
SIWLocttlorVUid
Iron Horse Park
BUer!ca,MA
PRPIead
Charles George Landffl
Tinsboro,MA
Fund lead
Baird&McGuIre
Hobrook, MA
Fund lead
Sylvester
Nashua, NH
State lead enforcement
Charlestown Navy Yard
Boston NHP
National Park Service
Boston, MA
State-lead enforcement
Ganeral Etectrte
Ptafcld, MA
TSCAfead
Pine Street Canal
Burlington, VT
Fund lead
Hamilton Standard
Windsor lacks, CT
RCRAtead
Renora, Inc.
NJ
FAA Technical Center
Atlantic City, NJ
PRPIead
Kln-fluc Landfill, NJ
PRPIead
GEMS Landfill
Carnden County, NJ
PRPIead
Nascolite
MiHvl«e,NJ "
Federal lead
ConUcVPhon* NuroUf
DonMeElroy
617-223-5518
FTS 833-1518
Dave Dlckerson
617-573-5735
FTS 833-1 735
Paula Fitzslmmons
617-573-5738
FTS 833-1738
ChetJanowskl
617-573-9623
FTS 833-1623
Stephen Carlson
617-242-5680
JoanBlate
FTS382-6236
202<38^6296
Ross Gllleland
617-573-5766
FTS 833-1 766
GlnaSnyder •
617-573-9674
FTSB33-1674
Joyce Hamey
212-264-6313
FTS 264-631 3
CarlaStruWe
212-264-4595
FTS 264-4595
KimOConnel!
212-264-8127
FTS 264-8127
MattWestgate
212-264-3406
FTS 264-3406
Keith Kollar
212-264-1576
FTS 264-1 576
Contemtntrtt/Medl*
Petrotoum hydrocarbons/ tol
Arsenic, DOC, benzens, ethyl
benzene/toll, groundwater, sediment
Pesticides (chlordane), dioxln,
arsenlc/groundwater
Phenols, MEK, acetone/giroundwater
PAHs from creosote/sediments
PCBs/pood, rlvef set) ml mem
Coal tar, PAHs/solls, sediments
Carbon tetrachtorid^PCBs, TCS,
PCE, TCAfeoJ, gmundwatet
PAHs/soll
JP-4 jet fueVsoil, groundwater,
floating product
PCBs/soil,sedlrnsnt;
MeCI, benzene/groundwater
Various organic and Inorganic
compounds/groundwatsr, leachate
Methylmethacrylate, volatiles and
seml-volatiles/soll, groundwater
StikM
TredaWSty ttudlo«cornp(Bl8d 19S9;
ROD tlgoed 9/1 5/88; currently In
design stage
Design stage; ROD signed 9/88
Under construction; ROD signed
9/30/86
Treatabtlity study complete;
conducting remediation since July
1986
Planning pilot project for FY 91
Undergoing pilot treaabfltty studies
Conducting bench-scale tests, Fall
1990; supplemental RI/FS In
progress
planning to conduct treafab)6ty
«udfaslnFY9t
Trealabllity study complete
ROD signed 9/89; RD stage
Beginning groundwater treatability
studies; ROD signed 9/88
Treatability studies In next 6 months
Soil treatability studies conducted
SIX; ROD scheduled for 1991
Ctouvup Uwli
60-80% removal or tats than 1
pom PAH;
50-60% removal otPHCs;
nCj/pristane ratio < or -02
MCU for soils; risk-based levels
for sediment, groundwater and
landfill gas
State of MA drinking water
standards
State of NH drinking water
standards
Not yet established
2ppmperpea(t
Not yet established
NbtJWtestabiyied
NJ soil action levels; NJ MCLs
Not yet established
Not yet established
NJ Interim soli action levels for
methylmetrtacrylate: SOppm
(surface soil); 5 ppm (subsurface
soil); and 350 ppb (groundwater)
Traitmtnt
Excavate to treatment cell • surface
treatment
B toreador
Bloreactor (activated sludge with
extended air)
In situ
In srtu
In situ
In situ
In situ
Groundwater extraction and addition
of nutrients for subsequent re-
Injection, in situ blodegredatlon
Undetermined
Undetermined
Undetermined
Shading indicates non-CERCLA sites.
-------
CERCLA/RCRA/UST SITES CONSIDERING, PLANNING, OR OPERATING FULL-SCALE BIOREMEDIATION SYSTEMS
Region
it
II
II
II
II
)t
II
III
III
III
III
III
III
Stt»/Loc*tkHVU*d
Osrnosa
fcrtfafc.W
Sta» lead
General Motors
Massena,NY
Enforcement lead
Alcoa/Reynolds Metals
St. Lawrence/Grasse
St. Lawrence County, NY
General Electric
State lead
Kafepel Construction Site
Horseheads, NY
State lead
Syracuse
USTtead
American Linen
Stllhvater, NY
Enforcement lead
Ordinance Works Disposal
Areas, WV
Enforcement lead
LA. Clarke & Son
VA
Enforcement lead
Leetown Pesticides
Leetown,WV
Federal lead
Atlantic Wood
Portsmouth, VA
PRPIead
Avtex Fibers
Front Royal, VA
UnK#1
PRPIead
Avtex Fibers
Front Royal, VA
Unit #2
Fund lead
ContKVPhon* Number
,)aspatSfngnWala
NYSBec
7*5-8474585
Lisa Carson
212-264-6857
FTS 264-6857
Lisa Carson
212-264-6857
FTS 264-6857
Charles Goddard
NYSDEC
Frank Padudo
NYSDEC
518457-2462
Chrfe&Natt
NYSDEC :
Morey Anderson
Btotrol, Inc.
612-448-2515
Bonnie Gross
215-597-9023
FTS 597-9023
Gene Wingert
215-597-0517
FTS 597-0517
Andy Palestlnl
215-597-1286
FTS 597-1286
Drew Lausch
215-597-1727
FTS 597-1727
Bonnie Gross
215-597-9023
FTS 597-9023
Bonnie Gross
215-597-9023
FTS 597-9023
Cont*minurt*/M>dii
Creosote, fuel oil
PCBs. PAHs, volatiles/soil,
groundwater
PCBs/river sediments
PCBs
Gasoline, benzene/son, groundwater
BTX, PAHs, VOCs.VTX /so*
PAHs/soil
Creosote/soil
DDT, Ihdane/soll
PAHs from wood preserving/soil,
groundwater
Arsenic, zinc, lead, carbon dlsulfkfe,
hydrosutflde, phenol, cadmium/
groundwater
PCBs/soil
Strtut
Land trsatmaW ongoing
Conducting bench-scale studies
Currently In Rl stage
Remediation completed 10/89
Began land treatment operations
9/90
ROD signed 9/29/89; currently
conducting treatabillty studies
Treatabllity study and RI/FS
ongoing; ROD signed 3/91
Treatabllity study conducted Spring
1990; now reevaluating remedial
action
Rl/FS ongoing; ROD 3/91
Treatabllity study planned
ROD signed September 1990; no
treatabillty study needed
Own-up Ltvate
Noiyel established..
Proposed 10 ppm PCBs
Not yet established
Drinking water standards
45 ppm carcinogenic PAHs
10 ppm carcinogenic PAHs
300 ppb DDT; not yet established
for llndane
Not yet established
.05 mg/l arsenic; 5 mg/l zinc; .05
mg/l lead; .7 mg/l carbon
dlsulfide; .3 mg/l phenol; .01 mg/l
cadmium (not yet established for
hydrosufflde)
10 ppb PCBs
Tl • • Im • ll 1
IIMUIIVIII
Ldnd treatnlenl
Undetermined
Undetermined
In situ (subsurface)
Land treatment
Land treatment
In situ (surface and subsurface)
Undetermined
Undetermined
Biological waste water treatment
Biological waste water treatment
Shading indicates non-CERCLA sites.
-------
CERCUVRCRA/UST SITES CONSIDERING, PLANNING, OR OPERATING FULL-SCALE BIOREMEDIATION SYSTEMS
R«slon
III
III
111
III
IV
IV
IV
IV
IV
IV
IV
8IWLoc*Bon/U»d
Drake Chemical
Lock Haven, PA
Fund lead
HatevaLandlH
Ormrod.PA
Fund lead
ABO
Galnwvltl*,VA
BCRAbad ' :
WhitmoreLabs
Myerstown, PA
Fund lead
Brown Wood Preserving
Live Oaks. FL
Enforcement lead
American Creosote Works
Pensacola, FL
Fund lead
American Creosote Works
Jackson, TN
UnS*1
Fund lead
American Creosote Works
Jackson, TN
Unit #2
Fund lead
White House Waste
White House, FL
Fund lead
Cote man-Evans
White House, FL
Fund lead
Dubose 08 Containment
FL
Enforcement lead
ContacUPhorw Nurobtr
RoySchrock
215-597-0913
FTS 597-0913
RlctwdWalman
215-597-3155
FTS 597-3155
HobwrStwd
216-697-Sat*
FTS: 587-8214
TonyDappalone
215-597-3153
FTS 597-3153
Martha Berry
404-347-2643
FTS 257-2643
Natalie Ellington
404-347-2643
FTS 257-2643
Tony DeAngeb
404-347-7791
FTS 257-7791
Tony DeAngeb
404-347-7791
FTS 257-7791
Tony Best
404-347-2643
FTS 257-2643
Tony Best
404-347-2643
FTS 257-2643
Martha Berry
404-347-2643
FTS 257-2643
ContamIntiiWM>dl«
PettJddes, DCE/totl, groundwatef
SoBd organlct, acetone, TCE,
DCE/soll, groundwaler
ChhxotwzeneAoi)
Arsenic, aniline, still bottom
wastes/soil and groundwater
PAHs, creosote/soil
Creosote, PAHs, PCP, dloxins/soU
Creosote/soil
Creosote/sol
Acids, PCB, waste oil,
creosote/groundwater
PCP/soH, groundwater
Oil, minimal PCP/soil
Statu,
Planning treaiabtlty study
Trealabilty study done a* part o(
remedial study 7/90; pilot study
planned
TtwrtsWity study wndu<*»d 6/go-f
ptonnlng pflowtudy
LlmHed treaI*IBty study completed
6/90
Last load of contaminated son In
surface treatment area (about
finished); will monitor 3 years;
treatabfltty study conducted
ROD 9/89 - unit 1 ; bench-scale
treatability study completed 9/89 by
Gulf Breeze Labs; pilot tests 1/91 ;
full scale unit planned for FY 92;
ROD 6/91 -unit 2
Treatability study completed
Remedial study underway
Bench treataWlity study completed;
planning risk assessment
Remedial design underway; pilot
study planned
Currently in technology selection
phase; treatability study within a
year
Cf«»n-upUv*U
MCLs
Being revised
Unknown
Arsenic above background levels;
Saturated soils: benzene .002
mg/kg; trichloroathene .004
mg/kg; tetrochloroethene .012
mg/kg; aniline .002 mg/Kg;
Unsaturated soils: benzene .009
mg/kg; trichloroethene .017
mg/kg; tetrochloroethene .051
mg/kg; aniline .009 mg/kg
100 pom PAHs total
30ppmPCP;50ppm
carcinogenic PAHs; 2.5 ppb
dtoxlns
1 00 ppm for 6-8 Indicators
100 ppm for 6-8 Indicators
Not yet established
25 ppm sediments, soil; 1 ppm
groundwater
Unknown
Tmhmnt
BACT
BtorwnedMort unit on-line slm»
10/69
Biological treatment; clay and soK
capping
Land treatment; surface treatment
lined with clay berms 5-61
Soil washing, bloreactor
Land treatment
Land treatment
Poesfole bioremediation
Bloreactor
Land treatment
Shading indicates non-CERCLA sites.
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CERCLA/RCRA/UST SITES CONSIDERING, PLANNING, OR OPERATING FULL-SCALE BIOREMEDIATION SYSTEMS
Region
IV
iy
IV
IV
IV
IV
IV
IV
IV
V
V
V
SIWLoc«tion/Uid
Carolawn
Carolawn, SC
Enforcement lead
Kopper?
Florence, BO
SCRAlead
Cape Fear Wood Preserving
Fayetteville. NC
Fund lead
CelaneseFbers Operations
Shelby, NC
PRPIead
UngdateFadHty.
SwaeJwaler.TN
ffiJRAfcwd
Shavers Farm
Shelby County, GA
Removal lead
City Industries
Winter Park, FL
Fund (for studies) and
Enforcement leads
Stallworth Timber
Beatrice. AL
Alabama State Docks
Mobile, AL
Galesburg/Koppere, IL
State lead
Cliff/Dow Dump, Ml
PHP lead
Burlington Northern, MN
State/Federal lead (split lead)
ContwVPhorM Numbtr
Steve Sandier
BofePulfrey
•40*34W«>a
FTfi 267-2603
JonBomholm
404-347-7791
FTS 257-7791
KenMallary
404-347-7791
FTS 257-7791
Chart es Burroughs
6l5-74t-3424
Chuck Eger
404-347-3931
FTS 257-3931
Diane Scott
404-347-2643
FTS 257-2643
Jason Darvey
404-347-3931
FTS 257-3433
Jason Darvey
404-347-3931
FTS 257-3433
Brad Bradley
312-886-4742
UdaTan
312-886-1842
Amy Blumberg
312-353-9306
Contamhwnta/MKlli
VOCs/grounowater
Creosote, POP, arswlc (CCAKwil,
Smurtdwatw
PAHs, arsenic, creosote/ soil,
groundwater
Ethylene glycol, benzene, acetone
chrorriurrVgroundwater; bte(2-
ethylhexyljphthalate/ sediments;
chromium, antimony, acetone/soil
Cwoeote (KD01 waaej/solb, sludges
2-methoxy-3,
6-dlchloiobenzolc add,
benzonltrile/Boll
Acetone, MEK, TCE,
TCA/groundwater
PCP, creosote/ground water, soil
PCP, creosote
Phenols, chtorophertol, PCP,
PAHs/soil
Wood tar, acetic acid, phenol,
benzene, PAHs
Creosote/soil
Status
Planning bench-scale studies
Trsatatflifty «uoy to b»wnducje
-------
00
CERCLA/RCRA/UST SITES CONSIDERING, PLANNING, OR OPERATING FULL-SCALE BIOREMEDIATION SYSTEMS
R*jlon
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
Site/LootiorVUid
Seymour Recycling, IN
Un**1
PRPIead
Seymour Recycling, IN
IM*2
PRPIead
Ailed SlgnaVBendbt
St. Joseph, Ml
PRPIead
NewLyme.OH
Fund lead
Rellly Tar & Chemical
St. Louis Park, MN
Enforcement lead
Rellly Tar, IN
Fund lead
Steeping Bear Dunas
National lateshora
USTfcwd
JoslynMFG,MN
State enforcement lead
Union Carbide, OH
Enforcement lead
St. Louis River, MN
State lead
McGillisGbb.MN
Fund lead
Organic Chemical, Ml
Fund lead
Sheboygan Harbor
Sheboygan.WI
PRPIead
ContacVPhon* Ntmbtr
Jeff Gore
312-888-6552
Jeff Gore
312-886-6552
John Kuhns
FTS 353-6556
Dairy! Owens
312-886-7089
Darryl Owens
312-886-7089
MPCA contacts:
DougBeckwtlh
612-296-7301
Mike Scott
612-296-7297
Dion Novak
312-8864737
PhBDurjIn
702.798-2100
.tohn Wilson
405-332-8800
Cliff Tovaroskl
612-296-7827
Kathleen Warren
312-353-6756
Debra Stebers
312-353-9299
Darryl Owens
312-886-7089
Tom Williams
312-886-6157
Bonnie Eledlr
312-8864885
Contamtntnd/UKlit
VC, TCE. DCE/BfOundwatw
VC.TCE, DOE/SOU
TCE, DCE, VC/groundwatef
Ethyl benzene; methytene chloride;
phthalates/groundwater
Creosote, PAHs/soll, groundwater
Creosote/son;
benzene, ammonia,
pyrldlne/groundwater
GasoSne/groundwater
PAHs, PCP, dloxin,turans/soll
VOCs, dloxln, mono- dichlorinated
biphenyte/soil, groundwater
PAHs/soib, sediments
PAHs, PCP/groundwater
Oil, TCE, toluene/groundwater
PCBs/sediment
S'tttu*
Pralrrihaiy stage*;
no ROD signed
ROD signed 9/87; bloremedtatlon of
toll completed; no treatabllity studies
conducted
Pilot scale field demonstration
scheduled for 3rd quarter 1991 ; pilot
bench-scale tests have been
completed off-site
Conducted plot study 1/88; final
process to begin operation by 1 1/90
Planning treatabllity study; In situ
under design
Treatabllity studies completed
Site Investigation completed
MN declaration 1988 -no
concurrence by EPA; design
completed
Remedial Investigation and
treatabllity studies completed
Planning treatabillty study
Treatabllity and plot studies
completed12/89; report due 12/90
Waiting for feasibility study to do
remediation on TCE and toluene;
working on additional workplan for
oil
Treatabllity studies to be completed
Fall 1990; In situ studies underway,
facility under construction
Cf«UHJpUV*tl
Drinking water standards
None established
Not yet established
68 ug/l ethyl benzene; 473 ug/l
methylene chloride; 9.2 ug/l
phthalate
Not yet established
Not yet established
Not yet established
Unknown
Not yet established
Not yet established
Not yet established
Not yet established
Not yet established
TrMtnwrt
Proposed bfofwradWon of
tetrahydrofurant In groundwatef
Btodegredatton of heavy
hydrocarbons and non-volatlea
In situ treatment using Indigenous
methanotrophs
Rotating biological reactors
In situ (surface and subsurface) using
additional nutrients (N, P)
Natural ttodegredatktfl -no
•amendments
Land treatment using irrigation and
addition of nutrients
Bloreactor
Undetermined
Fixed film aerobic reactor
Undetermined
Treatment ongoing without
enhancement in enclosed facility
Shading indicates non-CERCLA sites.
-------
CERCLA/RCRA/UST SITES CONSIDERING, PLANNING, OR OPERATING FULL-SCALE BIOREMEDIATION SYSTEMS
Befllon
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
y
V
V
V
V
VI
Sfta/Ucrton/LMd
Allied Chemical
Ironton, OH
Enforcement lead
Muskegan, Ml
Fund lead
Moss American
Milwaukee, Wl
Fund lead
Fisher-Cab
LaPorte, IN
Lead pending (probably PRP)
paflw-t&Vto
Holland, ME
HCRAtead
SP OltCompany
Tolado,OH
USTliBad
BP Oil Company
Lima, OH
Ansteeh Chemicals
HaverbftOM
RCRAtead
tfenfchelte
TteyeraC&y.Ml
USTtearf
Maywllte Hra Depa«mem
Mayvffle, Ml
USTIead
Meyers Store *12
Oraodftapldhttt :
USTfead :
Marathon Statfon
KentwocKt, Ml
USTtead
B & F Tracking Company
Rochester, MN
USTtead
Sheridan Disposal Services
Houston, 7X
Enforcement lead
Contact/Phone Nurnbtr
JlmVanderKloot
312-353-9309
FTS 353-9309
Carla Johnson
312-866-5993
Betty Lavis
312-886-5993
Brad Bradley
312-8864742
DavePefrovskt
312-886-0997
Stephen Bouchard
312-886-7569
Stephen Bouchard
312-886-7569
JfrhSarfc
318-B86^)9S?
BobKeflder
616-775-9729
SueKaeJxMvMattock
5t7.77t-173t
Bonnia While
616456-557*
eprdeWWIe
6164S6-S07f :
Becky Lofgrem
MPCA
6f2-296-739T
Ruth Israeli
214-655-6735
FTS 255-6735
Cont>miratn«*/Medi*
PNAs, benzene/soil
Volalites, serrt-volallte/soll,
groundwater
PAHs/soll, sediments
TCE, DCE, DCA, RGBs/soil,
groundwater
Benzene (Wthanoi (gopropenol
tuel/soj, groundwater
Pwroleumfsoil
PetroleunVsoJI
Cumefte, phenofe/soll, groundwatef
{jaspltne/soll,. grqundwater
BTEX/solt, groundwaief
gasoline/soil, groundwater
flasdirte/groundwatw
BTEK, gasoflnefeoil, jroundwater
Benzene, phenols, PCBs/soil,
surface water
St»tu»
Conducting pilot studies
Conducting treatabllity studies
Pilot study completed;
ROD signed 9/27/90;
design stage Summer 1991
ROD signed 8-7-90;
design stage
Apprpacfiing design phase
Discussing btoremedlatlon as an
option; no studies Underway
Discussing bloremedlatlon as an
option; no studies underway
Conducting irealabiiity studies
ftamedlation completed; some
contamination remains
Conducting bloremedlatfon
Pilot studies conducted 1988;
bipremedlatlon will no be used at
this site
Conducting brpremedialiort
Currently conducting bioramediatlon
Beginning pilot study;
ROD signed 12/88;
Currently in design stage
CtociHip Uwto
Not yet established
Not yet established
6.1 ppm PAHs
5 ppb TCE; 70 ppb DCE; 200 ppb
DCE; drinking water standards
used where possible
Not yet established
NotyeteetaWteried
Mot yet established
4.1 mg/kg phenol
4,«7mg/kgcurnen<»
jgon-de
-------
nPRP.1 /WRHRA/UST SITES CONSIDERING. PLANNING, OR OPERATING FULL-SCALE B10REMEDIATION SYSTEMS
Region
VI
VI
VI
VI
VI
'. vt
VII
VII
vn
Vtl
VH
VII
Slte/Locatton/Lead
French LVnSsd
Crosby, TX
Alchlnson
Santa Fe,NM
Enforcement lead
Brio Refining
Houston, TX
PRP lead
North Cavalcade
Houston. TX
Old Inger
Darrow.LA
Fund lead
tiudsoftfte.finlrYg^
€BSWng,QK
ftCRAtead
Vogel Paint & Wax, IA
State lead
Conservation Chemical
Kansas City, MO
Amoco Relnery
Sugar Creek, MO
ftCRAtead
tetstnatfanaf Paper
Joplin,MD
Unfc#t
RCRAteatJ
InfernationaE Paper
Joplin,MO
-tJnits2
RCRAfead
Inlernaltonat Paper
Joplin.MO
Unit #3
RCRAlead
Contact/Phona Kumber
Judy Black
214-655-6735
FTS 255-6735
Susan Webster
214-655-6730
FTS 255-6730
Lou Barlnka
214-655-6735
FTS 255-6735
Deborah GrtewokJ
214-655-6715
FTS 255-6715
Paul Stemlnskl
214-655-6710
FTS 255-6710
KeSh Philips
214,655-6480 '
FT&255*480
Pat McDonald
913-276-7746
FTS 276-7749
Steve Octerlonl
913-551-7778
FTS 276-7778
FraqlcDolarv
314-751-3176 .
FfanR Doterr-
314-751-3176
FranR-Dotari
314-751-3WS
Frank Dofart
314-751-3176
ConUmIn»nt»/HKlI»
Benzene, vinyl chforide, DCE, PCBs/
sludges, coil and groundwaler
Hydrocarbons, dlosel/soll
DCA, TCA, VC, methylflne chloride,
DCE, TCBgroundwater; methytene
chloride, Cr, Pb In soil
Carcinogenic PAHs, benzene/soil
Benzene, ethyl benzene, PAHs,
metate/soll, groundwater
Oil, greasy PAHs'5Pil,grouB
groupdwajer
24 organic constituents from
qtaoeotejacludlng PAHs.PCRfcoif,
groundwater
24 organic constituenls ftorr)
creosote, Jncludrng P AHs, FCP/soiF,
groundwater:
Status
ROD signed 3/89; project under
design
Some treataWHty studies completed;
ROD signed 9/23/88; planning pilot
project
Land treatment pilot studies
conducted In 1987; pilot btoreactor;
ROD signed 1988;b!oremedlatlon
will not be used at this site
Design stage; planning pilot project
torFY91
Pilot studies completed; ROD signed
9/84; design completed 1 986;
finalizing construction with
remediation to^egln 4/91 ;
supplemental groundwaler Rl being
conducted
Operational since-4/88
Bench-scale studies complete;
ROD signed 9/89;
currently In design stage
Treatabilty study conducted;
ROD signed 9/30/87;
operational since 4/90
TwatabliifYSltidieiE completed 193B-
89;treatmenttacllriy under
construction
Under construction; pilot studies to
be conducted concurrently waft
treatment operations
Under conslrucUon; pilot studies to
be conducted concurmntfy with
treatment operations
Under construction; pilot studies to
be conducted concurrently with
treatment operations
Clean-up Uvel«
PCB 23 ppm; VOCs 43 ppm;
arsenic 7 ppm; benzene 14 ppm;
groundwater MCU
carcinogenic PAHs
Varied
100 mg/kg organic hydrocarbons;
EPA toxicity test
: Less than 300- mg% total PAHs;
less than 160 mg/Rg potentially
carcinogenic PAHs
Sum of the conoentraltons of 24
-aromatic compound is iess than
600 ppm:
• Mot yet determined
Treatment
and colls, pump and treat and/or
in situ lor groundwater
treatment
tand arjpScatianwitfr.varJ.ed
applications at nutrients
reactor
Land treatment {covered facany)
Land Ireatmenl (covered facSity)
Shading indicates non-GERCLA sites.
-------
Region
n -
VII
VIII
VIII
VIII
VIII
VIK
VIII
VIII
IX
IX
CERCLA/RCRA/UST SITES CONSIDERING, PLANNING, OR OPERATING FULL-SCALE BIOREMEDIATION SYSTEMS
Site/Location/Lead
: International Paper
Joplta.MQ
Uifif*4-
: RCBAteafl
Scott Lumber
Alton, MO
Removal lead
Burlington Northern
Somers, MT
Enforcement lead
Lfcby Groundwater Site
Libby, MT
Enforcement lead
i
PublteSwvfce
1 Denver, CO
tlSTbad
Chemical Distribution Site
Billings, MT
State lead
Pesticide Distribution Facility
MinotFND
BCRAtead
Union Pacific
Laramle, WY
CERCLA/RCRA enforcement
lead
Chemical Sales
Fort Ord Army Base
Monterey, CA
Fund lead
Montrose Chemical Corp. of
California
Torrance, CA
Enforcement lead
Contact/Phone Number
Frank Dolan
3tW5tat76
Bruce Morrison
913-236-3881
FTS 757-3881
Jim Harris
406-449-5414
FTS 585-5414
Julie Dalsoglb
406-449-5414
FTS 585-5414
Suzanne flolf
303-293;«11
Jim Morrison
ECOVA
206-883-1900
Jim Morrison
ECOVA
20&883-1SOQ
Felix Flechas
(303) 330-1524
FTS 330-1 524
David Duster
Vance Fong
915-744-2392
Johanna Miller
415-744-2404
Contaminants/Media
24 organic constituents trom
creosote, including PAHs, PCP/soli,
grounclwater
Creosote compounds(PAHs, benzo-
a-pyrene)/soil
(no PCP)
PAHs, zinc, phenol, creosote//soil,
sediments, groundwater
PAHs, PCPs/soil, groundwater
Benzene xvJsne, toleuneftoll,
„ gfoufldwater
Herbicides (chlorinated
phenolj/groundwater
Pesticides (2>D)fe)i)
Creosote, PCP/soll, groundwater
TCE, TCA, DCA, DCE
MEK, hydrocarbons/soil,
groundwater
DDT, monochlorobenzene/soil,
groundwater
Status
Under construct toa; pilot studies to-
be conducted concurrently wild
treatment operations
Conducted treatablity study 1988;
operational sines 6/89
Land treatment demonstration 1 1/90;
plot studies planned for
groundwater In 11/90;
ROD signed 9/27/89; full scale 1992
ROD signed 12/88; consent decree
10/89; bench-scale demonstration
project for land treatment unit,
bloreactor and In situ treatment
completed; full-scale remedial action
to begin Summer 1991
Operating wilt for one year
Operational since 4/88
Full-scale btoremedlatton comfJIeled
1988- r>
Treatability and pilot studies
completed 9/90
Treatability studies to be conducted
Summer 1991
Bioremediation currently being used
as an interim measure; pilot testing
planned
Bench-scale treatability study on soil
and groundwater completed 8/90;
currently planning follow-up bench-
scale study
Clean-up Levels
Not yet determined;
500 ppm total PAHs; 14 ppm
benzo-a-pyrene
Soil: 36 mg/kg carcinogenic
PAHs;
Groundwater: .030ug/l
carcinogenic PAHs
Soil: 88 mg/kg total carcinogenic
PAHs; 8 ppm non-carcinogenic
PAHs; 7.3 ppm pyrene; 37 mg/kg
PCP; 1 ppb dtoxln; 8 mg/kg
napthalene; 8 mg/kg
phenanthrene; 7.3 mg/kg pyrene
Groundwater: 400 ug/l
carcinogenic PAHs; 40 ug/l non-
carcinogenic PAHs; 1.05 nig/I
PCP; 5 mg/toehzene; 50 mg/l
arsenic; other compounds not
greater than 10-5
NotjretestaWkbed
Unknown
6.^2,4-0
Based on human health or
agricultural standards, whichever
is more stringent (to be decided In
next 6 months)
Not yet established for soil; MCLs
for groundwater
Not yet established
Treatment
Land treatment (covered facility)
Land treatment using irrigation, no
nutrient addition
Soils: land treatment
Groundwater and sediments: in sRu
Soil: Land treatment
Groundwater: In situ treatment of
groundwater and treatment In fixed
film bloreactor
In situ (subsurface, using nutrients
and oxygen)
Above ground and slurry phase
bfotreatnwnt
Undetermined
Land treatment
In situ enhanced by injection of
nutrients
Shading indicates non-CERCLA sites.
-------
CERCLA/RCRA/UST SITES CONSIDERING, PLANNING, OR OPERATING FULL-SCALE BIOREMEDIATION SYSTEMS
Region
IX
IX
IX
IX
AHs, POP, creosote/soil; arsenic,
chrorrtum, PAHs, PCP.
PCD'D/PCDF/groundwater
Arsenic, chromium, PCP, PAHs,
dtoxlns, lurans/soll, sediments,
groundwater; benzene/groundwaler;
zinc, TCP/sediments
:j0E/SU(fac9T»ater
Heattransferfluid (biphenyi,
djjhenytethefli/solf
Heat transfer fluid (biphenyt
diphenylefherj/soit
Arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead,
mercury, dichloromethane,
chloroform, l-2dft*fciK>propane;
carbon tetfachloride, TCE, beflzene,
phenol, toluene, cyanidB, heavy
metafe/grtondwaiar
PCP, VOCs/soil, groundwater
SUtu»
treatment studies conducted; ROD
signed 1983
ROD signed 9/89; currently in the
last stage ol the consent decree for
RD/RA; Iroalabllity studies to be
done late 1991
Treatability studies conducted; ROD
signed 9/27/90
of FST91 5 nowin investigation, stage
Completed full-scale demonstration
10/89; fieMl*orRbegati7/9ty
periodic site visits will be Used to
•overseeftnanitqrprogres?
Phase 1, 2 and 3 field wotk
completed; new variance; issued lor
full scale pilot project under
separate demo list number; phase 1
and 2 base report in draft
Remedial study completed; fair-scale
bioremadiation in operation since
1987
Feasibility study completed; no
treatability studies planned yet
DC tn-up Levels
Background levels (or arsenic and
Cr In soil and groundwater; .007
ug/I PAHs In groundwater, .19
mg/Kg In soU; PCP 17 mg/kg In
soil, 2.2 ug/I In groundwator
Groundwater: arsenic 5 ppb;
chromium 8 ppb; benzene 1 ppb;
PCP 2.2 ppb; PAHs 5 ppb; dtoxln
.000025 ppb.
Surface soils: arsenic 8 ppm;
chromium 500 ppm; PCP 17 ppm;
carcinogenic PAHs .51 ppm;
dtoxln .001 ppm;furans .001 ppm.
Subsurface soils: arsenic 5 ppm;
chromium 5 ppm; PCP 1.7 ppm;
carcinogenic PAHs .005 ppm;
non-carcinogenic PAHs .15 ppm;
dioxln .001 ppm.
Sediments: arsenic 8 ppm;
chromium 18 ppm; zinc 26 ppm;
. carcinogenic PAHs .5 ppm; PCP 1
ppm; TCP 1 ppm.
too ppm hazardous waste (CA
standards)
100- ppm hazardous waste (C A
standards)
J ppm cadmium; ,05 ppm
chromium, tead, arsenic; .002 ppm
imrcury; Jieavy metals 1 .S ppm;
t5Q ppb dichforomethane,
chforoforrn, tCE; 700 ppb 1-2
dichtoropropafte; 5 ppb earbort
tatrachloriete; 550 ppi> benzene;
not established for phenols,
toluene and" cyanide (totatVOCs 2
ppmj
Not yet established
Treatment
situ bloremedlatton of soil with PCP
and treatment using Improted
nlcrobes for soils and sediments;
toreador for groundwater
ft snttaiosslbly pump and ireat
.and treatment using- nutrients,
lacteria and water In filled: soil:
.and treatment using nutrients and
vater in; tilled soil without added
jarteria
with metal removal system using
lompfaxatfon with EDTA
around-water pomp and carbon
reatment/extraction
Shading indicates non-CERCLA sites
-------
CERCLA/RCRA/UST SITES CONSIDERING, PLANNING, OR OPERATING FULL-SCALE BIOREMEDIATION SYSTEMS
Region
IX
IX
IX.
JX
IX
IX
IX
IX
IX.
IX
IX
IX
SHt/Uc*Uon/LMd
Liquid Gold
Richmond, CA
State lead
JASCO
Mt. View, CA
Fund lead
Formef Tank Farm
totrance, CA
State lead
Food Processor
Ripon.CA
State toad
Equipment Manufacturer
SanFranciaeo.CA
RCHAtead
Refinery
tosAngeles.CA
State lead
Vtaa«a,CA
State lead :
Studio
Hollywood, CA
State lead
J?ftHeK
: CaraonCftr>0A
USTfead
Cottrans ,
takeport & Garbervilla, CA
USTtead
CSws Heights Irrigation :
Citrus Heights, C A
Wsnearf i
Naval CivSEngirtearirtg
laboratory ;
F«tHueneme
-------
CERCLA/RCRA/UST SITES CONSIDERING, PLANNING, OR OPERATING FULL-SCALE BIOREMEDIATION SYSTEMS
Rtfiton
IX
IX
'«
f
IX
IX
nc
iX
n<
X
X
X
Slta/LoctUon/Utd
<>»omtaAsrtc>*urat
Reeeifch
KsrttJflmaftH«l.,CA
States*
Southern Pacific
Transportation Co.
SPTC Maintenance Yard
Rosevllte, CA
Stale Superfund lead
S6*M« High -School
SosjhfcCA
USTLsad
Hercules Incorporated
Hercules, CA
State Superfund lead
Harmon Field
Tulare County, CA
Stale Superfund lead
Conver«a
Mortlab6lloCorri,yaftt
MontAetteCA
USTLead
GroaiewAIfSerYk*
UC Davis.
MedbcfcBekt
Woodland, CA
Slate toad
BanDtegoGaS andEteclrfc
Main Street facflly
SanDtego.CA
LIST lead
Former Oil StofaesTemftial
Senate, WA
USTtead
ForrherfCP fflendtojj Facilty
poftod,0«
RCRAtead
American Crossamn
ConlicVPhoo* Number
RobtrtUxWs :, ,
CADopLol Health Sva.
918-322-5308
David Wright
CADeptot Health Sva.
916445-9556
DlckErfcteoft
CAOoptrf M»a|th: $ve»(
916-322-7046
Alantrtflham
91948?-5«?
Tony Luan
CADept of Health Svca.
916-322-6872
Tony Luan
CA Dept of Health Svcs.
916-322-6872
JohflWasnaosky
CADaptoI Health Svcs,
916-3224543
KetiSmaritat
CA Dap!, ot Health Svcs.
916-322-gftlO
JohnWesnousky
CADept,otH»altftSfv«i
916-322-2543
Jim Morrison
ECOVA
2fl6-8?M«0
JirnMomion
ecoVA
206-883-1900
Lee Marshall
206-442-2723
Cont»nintrt«/MKil*
PwtlcWe* (»lmez!r>«,
carboluwvtj/soi
Hydrocarboni, olesel luetsoil
Diesel luoUsdl
TNT,trlnHrobenzene.DNT.
nitrobenzene/sod
10 organic pesticides/soil
GasoBne/sofl
Pestlcffles: airazlna,BRAVO-
chlorothabnil,(iacthaf,thla()ir« t
and 2, OW, thbdiiw s«Katef
trtfluraiin.meihyl paralhton,
matattiton, paralhion, methyl trfrhbn,
thtonjntthroo, paraxpn/sol)
Petrateumluefe/soil, groundwater
Petrofeum hydrocartxnii/scNI,
groundwater
PCPlsaX
PCP/soil
StltU*
RomedWlon ewpW"1* ttflOW;
IfnsJ report available; Stconckttfw
taiuka obtalmd and no (urther
funding planned
Treatment completed 9/10/90
Btoremedfatlon eonpfeted19B8
Pilot scale field study completed;
currently conducting btoramedlatlon
Pilot project completed; currently
conducting btoremedlatlon
Conceptual workplan submitted for
review
Blowmedtatlon completed
PfOject is Underway; monitoring it
ongoing
Ftfl-sca!« btoreroedlaflon ongoing
Ful^scate bteemediation ongoing
^nwT9B9
Currently conducting remedial
Investigation
CKuvup L»v*lt
0 ppnukmzlns; ooo-dWedlon
tevali for carbofuram
1000 ppm hyoVocartxnt
•500 ppm hydrocarbons In. ioli
30 ppm TNT; 5 ppm DNT; S ppm
nitrobenzene
Not yet determined
Not yst determined
Notyetdutewilned
Nolyateatablbhed
Soil: 200 ppm petroleum
hydroxide
Groundwatar: 5pr*t»nzene
NotvetBStabliehed
Not yet established
Tratkntnt
AppDcaton of pe»)Wd» rinwle to
organic compott
Land treatment • nutrients added to
contaminated soil to enhance
biological degradation
In situ
Land treatment
Land treatment
In »ltu bbramedlaitorv of contamJnaiad
-------
(Jt
CERCLA/RCRA/UST SITES CONSIDERING, PLANNING, OR OPERATING FULL-SCALE BIOREMEDIATION SYSTEMS
Region
X
X
X
SH*/Loc«tk>iVLmd
Utah Power and Light
Idaho Falls. ID
State lead
Wycoft
Eagle Harbor, Puget Sound.
WA
PRPIsad
Union Pacific
Seattle. WA
State lead
ContactfPhoiN Number
Randy Stager
206-334-5879
Rene Fuentes
206-442-1599
FTS 399-1 599
BISGIasser
ContMYMfUUlft/MBuMI
CreoEote/soil
phenols/groundwatar
Creosote, PCP/soil, groundwater,
surface water
Creosote; soil
Status
Final plan for bloremediatlon not yet
submitted
Ri/FS not conducted yet
TreatablBty study complete
CtMTMlp LtVtl*
50 ppb creosote In soil;
EPA Region 10 groundwater
protection standards for
groundwater
Not yet established
TlCltllMlll
Part of upgradiem portion not
capped - btoremediatlon being used
(white rot fungus)
Bioreactor - activated sludge
Shading indicates non-CERCLA sites.
-------
ATTIC: A Multimedia Remedial Action Resource
The Alternative Treatment Technology Information Center
(ATTIC) is a comprehensive, automated information retrieval
system that integrates hazardous waste data into acentralized,
searchable resource. ATTIC became operational in May
1989, under the direction of EPA's Office of Environmental
Engineering and Technology Demonstration (OEETD).
ATTICprovides data and technical information onaltemative
methodsof hazardous waste treatmentandis accessible to all
members of the Federal, State, and private sector involved in
site remediation. ATTIC can be easily accessed through an
online system or a system operator.
The central component of ATTIC is the ATTIC Database,
which contains abstracts and executive summaries of over
1,400 technical documents and reports collected into a
keyword searchableformat. ATTIC documentation includes
all RODs from 1985-1989 (459)); SITE project summaries
(43); USATHAMA reports (270); State agency reports (63);
and industry studies (136). The ATTIC Database provides
the most up-to-date information available on alternative and
innovative technologies for hazardous waste treatment These
technologies are grouped into five major categories for easy
reference and include thermal, biological, solidification/
stabilization, chemical, and physical.
ATTIC is designed to provide site remediation managers in
the Federal, State, and private sector with the information
theyneedtomakeeffectivedecisionsonclean-upaltematives.
ATTIC is available through both the ATTIC S ystem Operator
and an easy-to-use online computer system and will provide
technical assistance, conduct searches, and assist in document
retrieval at no charge to the user. For additional information
regarding ATTIC, or to obtain a free password and user's
guide, please call the ATTIC System Operator at 301/816-
9153.
•&U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1991 - 548-187/20516
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Center for Environmental Research
Information
Cincinnati OH 45268
BULK RATE
POSTAGE & FEES PAID
EPA
PERMIT No. G-35
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