EPA/540/4-90/010
September 1990
NATIONAL PRIORITIES LIST SITES:
Florida
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Emergency & Remedial Response
Office of Program Management
Washington, D.C. 20460
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If you wish to purchase copies of any additional State volumes or the National
Overview volume, Superfund: Focusing on the Nation at Large, contact:
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
U.S. Department of Commerce
5285 Port Royal Road
Springfield, VA 22161
(703) 487-4600
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PAGE
INTRODUCTION:
A Brief Overview. iii
SUPERFUND:
How Does the Program Work to Clean Up Sites vii
How To:
Using the State Volume xvii
NPL SITES:
A State Overview xxi
THE NPL PROGRESS REPORT xxiii
NPL: Site Fact Sheets 1
GLOSSARY:
Terms Used in the Fact Sheets G-l
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ii
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WHY THE SUPERFUND
PROGRAM?
As the 1970s came to a
^ close, a series of head-
line stories gave
Americans a look at the
dangers of dumping indus-
trial and urban wastes on the
land. First there was New
York's Love Canal. Hazard-
ous waste buried there over a
25-year period contaminated
streams and soil, and endan-
gered the health of nearby
residents. The result: evacu-
ation of several hundred
people. Then the leaking
barrels at the Valley of the
Drums in Kentucky attracted
public attention, as did the
dioxin tainted land and water
in Times Beach, Missouri.
In all these cases, human
health and the environment
were threatened, lives were
disrupted, property values
depreciated. It became in-
creasingly clear that there
were large numbers of serious
hazardous waste problems
that were falling through the
cracks of existing environ-
mental laws. The magnitude
of these emerging problems
moved Congress to enact the
Comprehensive Environ-
mental Response, Compensa-
tion, and Liability Act in 1980.
CERCLA — commonly
known as the Superfund -—
was the first Federal law
established to deal with the
dangers posed by the
Nation's hazardous waste
sites.
After Discovery, the Problem
Intensified
Few realized the size of the
problem until EPA began the
process of site discovery and
site.evaluation. Not hun-
dreds, but thousands of
potential hazardous waste
sites existed, and they pre-
sented the Nation with some
of the most complex pollution
problems it had ever faced.
In the 10 years since the
Superfund program began,
hazardous waste has surfaced
as a major environmental
concern in every part of the
United States. It wasn't just
the land that was contami-
nated by past disposal prac-
tices. Chemicals in the soil
were spreading into the
groundwater (a source of
drinking water for many) and
into streams, lakes, bays, and
wetlands. Toxic vapors
contaminated the air at some
sites, while at others improp-
erly disposed or stored
wastes threatened the health
of the surrounding commu-
nity and the environment.
EPA Identified More than
1,200 Serious Sites
EPA has identified 1,236
hazardous waste sites as the
most serious in the Nation.
These sites comprise the
"National Priorities List":
sites targeted for cleanup
under the Superfund. But site
discoveries continue, and
EPA estimates that, while
some will be deleted after
lengthy cleanups, this list,
commonly called the NPL,
will continue to grow by ap-
proximately 100 sites per
year, reaching 2,100 sites by
the year 2000.
THE NATIONAL
CLEANUP EFFORT IS
MUCH MORE THAN
THE NPL
From the beginning of the
program, Congress recog-
nized that the Federal govern-
ment could not and should
not address all environmental
problems stemming from past
disposal practices. Therefore,
the EPA was directed to set
priorities and establish a list
of sites to target. Sites on the
NPL (1,236) are thus a rela-
111
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lively small subset of a larger
inventory of potential hazard-
ous waste sites, but they do
comprise the most complex
and environmentally compel-
ling cases. EPA has logged
more than 32,000 sites on its
National hazardous waste
inventory, and assesses each
site within one year of being
logged. In fact, over 90 per-
cent of the sites on the inven-
tory have been assessed. Of
the assessed sites, 55 percent
have been found to require no
further Federal action because
they did not pose significant
human health or environ-
mental risks. The remaining
sites are undergoing further
assessment to determine if
long-term Federal cleanup
activities are appropriate.
EPA IS MAKING
PROGRESS ON SITE
CLEANUP
The goal of the Superfund
program is to tackle immedi-
ate dangers first, and then
move through the progressive
steps necessary to eliminate
any long-term risks to public
health and the environment.
The Superfund responds
immediately to sites posing
imminent threats to human
health and the environment
at both NPL sites and sites
not on the NPL. The purpose
is to stabilize, prevent, or
temper the effects of a haz-
ardous release, or the threat
of one. These might include
tire fires or transportation
accidents involving the spill
of hazardous chemicals.
Because they reduce the
threat a site poses to human
health and the environment,
immediate cleanup actions
are an integral part of the
Superfund program.
Immediate response to immi-
nent threats is one of the
Superfund's most noted
achievements. Where immi-
nent threats to the public or
environment were evident,
EPA has completed or moni-
tored emergency actions that
attacked the most serious
threats to toxic exposure in
more than 1,800 cases.
The ultimate goal for a haz-
ardous waste site on the NPL
is a permanent solution to an
environmental problem that
presents a serious (but not an
imminent) threat to the public
or environment. This often
requires a long-term effort. In
the last four years, EPA has
aggressively accelerated its
efforts to perform these long-
term cleanups of NPL sites.
More cleanups were started
in 1987, when the Superfund
law was amended, than in
any previous year. And in
1989 more sites than ever
reached the construction
stage of the Superfund
cleanup process. Indeed
construction starts increased
by over 200 percent between
late 1986 and 1989! Of the
sites currently on the NPL,
more than 500 — nearly half
— have had construction
cleanup activity. In addition,
over 500 more sites are pres-
ently in the investigation
stage to determine the extent
of site contamination, and to
identify appropriate cleanup
remedies. Many other sites
with cleanup remedies se-
lected are poised for the start
of cleanup construction activ-
ity. Measuring success by
"progress through the
cleanup pipeline," EPA is
clearly gaining momentum.
EPA MAKES SURE
CLEANUP WORKS
EPA has gained enough
experience in cleanup con-
struction to understand that
environmental protection
does not end when the rem-
edy is in place. Many com-
plex technologies — like
those designed to clean up
ground water — must operate
for many years in order to
accomplish their objectives.
EPA's hazardous waste site
managers are committed to
proper operation and mainte-
nance of every remedy con-
structed. No matter who has
been delegated responsibility
for monitoring the cleanup
work, the EPA will assure
that the remedy is carefully
followed and that it continues
to do its job.
Likewise, EPA does not
abandon a site even after the
cleanup work is done. Every
IV
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five years the Agency reviews
each site where residues from
hazardous waste cleanup still
remain to ensure that public
and environmental health are
still being safeguarded. EPA
will correct any deficiencies
discovered and report to the
public annually on all five-
year reviews conducted that
year.
CITIZENS HELP SHAPE
DECISIONS
Superfund activities also
depend upon local citizen
participation. EPA's job is to
analyze the hazards and
deploy the experts, but the
Agency needs citizen input as
it makes choices for affected
communities.
Because the people in a
community with a Superfund
site will be those most di-
rectly affected by hazardous
waste problems and cleanup
processes, EPA encourages
citizens to get involved in
cleanup decisions. Public in-
volvement and comment does
influence EPA cleanup plans
by providing valuable infor-
mation about site conditions,
community concerns and
preferences.
This State volume and the
companion National Over-
view volume provide general
Superfund background
information and descriptions
of activities at each State NPL
site. These volumes are
intended to clearly describe
what the problems are, what
EPA and others participating
in site cleanups are doing,
and how we as a Nation can
move ahead in solving these
serious problems.
USING THE STATE AND
NATIONAL VOLUMES
IN TANDEM
To understand the big picture
on hazardous waste cleanup,
citizens need to hear about
both environmental progress
across the country and the
cleanup accomplishments
closer to home. The public
should understand the chal-
lenges involved in hazardous
waste cleanup and the deci-
sions we must make — as a
Nation —: in finding the best
solutions.
The National Overview
volume — Superfund: Focus-
ing on the Nation at Large —
accompanies this State vol-
ume. The National Overview
contains important informa-
tion to help you understand
the magnitude and challenges
facing the Superfund pro-
gram as well as an overview
of the National cleanup effort.
The sections describe the
nature of the hazardous
waste problem nationwide,
threats and contaminants at
NPL sites and their potential
effects on human health and
the environment, the Super-
fund program's successes in
cleaning up the Nation's
serious hazardous waste sites,
and the vital roles of the
various participants in the
cleanup process.
This State volume compiles
site summary fact sheets on
each State site being cleaned
up under the Superfund
program. These sites repre-
sent the most serious hazard-
ous waste problems in the
Nation, and require the most
complicated and costly site
solutions yet encountered.
Each State book gives a
"snapshot" of the conditions
and cleanup progress that has
been made at each NPL site in
the State through the first half
of 1990. Conditions change as
our cleanup efforts continue,
so these site summaries will
be updated periodically to
include new information on
progress being made.
To help you understand the
cleanup accomplishments
made at these sites, this State
volume includes a description
of the process for site discov-
ery, threat evaluation and
long-term cleanup of Super-
fund sites. This description
— How Does the Program
Work to Clean Up Sites? —
will serve as a good reference
point from which to review
the cleanup status at specific
sites. A glossary also is
included at the back of the
book that defines key terms
used in the site fact sheets as
they apply to hazardous
waste management.
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VI
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The diverse problems posed by the Nation's hazardous
waste sites have provided EPA with the challenge to
establish a consistent approach for evaluating and
cleaning up the Nation's most serious sites. To do this, EPA
had to step beyond its traditional role as a regulatory agency
to develop processes and guidelines for each step in these
technically complex site cleanups. EPA has established proce-
dures to coordinate the efforts of its Washington, D.C. Head-
quarters program offices and its front-line staff in 10 Regional
Offices with the State governments, contractors, and private
parties who are participating in site cleanup. An important
part of the process is that any time during cleanup, work can
be led by EPA or the State or, under their monitoring, by
private parties who are potentially responsible for site con-
tamination.
The process for discovery of the site, evaluation of threat, and
long-term cleanup of Superfund sites is summarized in the
following pages. The phases of each of these steps are high-
lighted within the description. The flow diagram below pro-
vides a summary of this three step process.
STEP1
Discover site
and determine
whether an
emergency
exists *
STEP 2
Evaluate whether
a site is a serious
threat to public
health or
environment
STEPS
Perform long-term
cleanup actions on
the most serious
hazardous waste
sites in the Nation
'' Emergency actions are performed whenever needed in this three-step process
FIGURE 1
Although this State book provides a current "snapshot" of site progress made only by emer-
gency actions and long-term cleanup actions at Superfund sites, it is important to understand
the discovery and evaluation process that leads up to identifying and cleaning up these most
serious uncontrolled or abandoned hazardous waste sites in the Nation. This discovery and
evaluation process is the starting point for this summary description.
vii
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plow does. !!A learn.
I about potential
Unhazardous waste^x _", J"
ts'ites? IjJV'
STEP 1: SITE DISCOVERY AND EMERGENCY
EVALUATION
Site discovery occurs in a number of ways. Information
comes from concerned citizens — people may notice an odd
taste or foul odor in their drinking water, or see half-buried
leaking barrels; a hunter may come across a field where waste
was dumped illegally. Or there may be an explosion or fire
which alerts the State or local authorities to a problem. Rou-
tine investigations by State and local governments, and re-
quired reporting and inspection of facilities that generate,
treat, store, or dispose of hazardous waste also help keep EPA
informed about either actual or potential threats of hazardous
substance releases. All reported sites or spills are recorded in
the Superfund inventory (CERCLIS) for further investigation
to determine whether they will require cleanup.
£ What happens If
I there Is an j
I-danger?
IT;
As soon as a potential hazardous waste site is reported, EPA
determines whether there is an emergency requiring an imme-
diate cleanup action. If there is, they act as quickly as possible
to remove or stabilize the imminent threat. These short-term
emergency actions range from building a fence around the
contaminated area to keep people away or temporarily relo-
cating residents until the danger is addressed, to providing
bottled water to residents while their local drinking water
supply is being cleaned up, or physically removing wastes for
safe disposal.
However, emergency actions can happen at any time an imminent
threat or emergency warrants them — for example, if leaking
barrels are found when cleanup crews start digging in the
ground or if samples of contaminated soils or air show that
there may be a threat of fire or explosion, an immediate action
is taken.
I If there isnt an
E imminent danger,
Show does EPA
determine what, if ,
any^ cleanup actions,
I should be
STEP 2: SITE THREAT EVALUATION
Even after any imminent dangers are taken care of, in most
cases contamination may remain at the site. For example,
residents may have been supplied with bottled water to take
care of their immediate problem of contaminated well water.
But now it's time to figure out what is contaminating the
drinking water supply and the best way to clean it up. Or
vni
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EPA may determine that there is no imminent danger from a
site, so now any long-term threats need to be evaluated. In
either case, a more comprehensive investigation is needed to
determine if a site poses a serious but not imminent danger,
and requires a long-term cleanup action.
Once a site is discovered and any needed emergency actions
are taken, EPA or the State collects all available background
information not only from their own files, but also from local
records and U.S. Geological Survey maps. This information is
used to identify the site and to perform a preliminary assess-
ment of its potential hazards. This is a quick review of readily
available information to answer the questions:
• Are hazardous substances likely to be present?
• How are they contained?
• How might contaminants spread?
• How close is the nearest well, home, or natural resource
area like a wetland or animal sanctuary?
• What may be harmed — the land, water, air, people,
plants, or animals?
Some sites do not require further action because the prelimi-
nary assessment shows that they don't threaten public health
or the environment. But even in these cases, the sites remain
listed in the Superfund inventory for record keeping purposes
and future reference. Currently, there are more than 32,000
sites maintained in this inventory.
Inspectors go to the site to collect additional information to
evaluate its hazard potential. During this site inspection, they
look for evidence of hazardous waste, such as leaking drums
and dead or discolored vegetation. They may take some
samples of soil, well water, river water, and air. Inspectors
analyze the ways hazardous materials could be polluting the
environment — such as runoff into nearby streams. They also
check to see if people (especially children) have access to the
site.
assessment siows
: that k setiaas ihtreat
exist what's
Information collected during the site inspection is used to
identify the sites posing the most serious threats to human
health and the environment. This way EPA can meet the
v % "' \=:% .. .. ' •.w.x'5-
-How does EFAImse^ %™«:
^Uie restills ol|Ke / ,
IX
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- How do peopl^ firii
I out whether IP^t
^considers a site a
^national priority €c
; cleanup using s
I Superfund moneys
fc
requirement that Congress gave them to use Supeffund mo-
nies only on the worst hazardous waste sites in the Nation.
j
To identify the most serious sites, EPA developed the-Hazard
Ranking System (HRS). The HRS is .the scoring system EPA
uses to assess the relative threat from a release or a potential
release of hazardous substances from a site to surrounding
groundwater, surface water/ air, and soil. A site score is based
on the likelihood a hazardous substance will be released from
the site, the toxicity and amount of hazardous substances at
the site, and the people and sensitive environments potentially
affected by contamination at the site.
Only sites with high enough health and environmental risk
scores are proposed to be added to EPA's National Priorities
List (NPL). That's why there are 1,236 sites are on the NPL,
but there are more than 32,000 sites in the Superfund inven-
tory. Only NPL sites can have a long-term cleanup paid for
from the national hazardous waste trust fund —- the Super-
fund. But the Superfund can and does pay for emergency
actions performed at any site, whether or not it's on the NPL.
The public can find out whether a site that concerns them is
on the NPL by calling their Regional EPA office at the number
listed in this book.
The proposed NPL identifies sites that have been evaluated
through the scoring process as the most serious problems
among uncontrolled or abandoned hazardous waste sites in
the U.S. In addition, a site will be added to the NPL if the
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry issues a
health advisory recommending that people be moved away
from the site. Updated at least once a year, it's only after
public comments are considered that these proposed worst
sites are officially added to the NPL.
Listing on the NPL does not set the order in which sites will be
cleaned up. The order is influenced by the relative priority of
the site's health and environmental threats compared to other
sites, and such factors as State priorities, engineering capabili-
ties, and available technologies. Many States also have their
own list of sites that require cleanup; these often contain sites
not on the NPL that are scheduled to bd cleaned up with State
money. And it should be said again that any emergency action
needed at a site can be performed by the Superfund whether
or not a site is on the NPL.
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STEP 3: LONG-TERM CLEANUP ACTIONS
The ultimate goal for a hazardous waste site on the NPL is a
permanent, long-term cleanup. Since every site presents a
unique set of challenges, thefe'is no single all-purpose solu-
tion. So a five-phase "remedial response" process is used to
develop consistent and workable solutions to hazardous waste
problems across the Nation:
1. Investigate in detail the extent of the site contamination:
remedial investigation,
2. Study the range of possible cleanup remedies: feasibility
study,
3. Decide .which remedy to use: Record of Decision or ROD,
4. Plan the remedy, remedial design, and
5. Carry out the rernedy: remedial action.
This remedial response process is a long-term effort to provide
a permanent solution to an environmental problem that
presents a serious, but not an imminent threat to the public or
environment.
The first two phases of a.long-term cleanup are a combined
remedial investigation and feasibility study (RI/FS) that
determine the nature and extent of contamination at the site,
and identify and evaluate cleanup alternatives. These studies
may be conducted by EPA or the State or, under their monitor-
ing, by private parties. ,
Like the initial site inspection described earlier, a remedial
investigation involves an examination of site data in order to
better define the problem,. But the remedial investigation is
much more detailed and .comprehensive than the initial site
inspection. .'..',.'- ,
A remedial investigation can best be described as a carefully
designed field study. It includes extensive sampling and
laboratory analyses to generate more precise data on the types
and quantities of wastes present at the site, the type of soil and
water drainage patterns, and specific human health and
environmental risks. The result is information that allows
EPA to select the cleanup strategy that is best suited to a
particular site or to determine that no cleanup is needed.
a-site Js
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XI
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Placing a site on the NPL does not necessarily mean that
cleanup is needed. It is possible for a site to receive an HRS
score high enough to be added to the NPL, but not ultimately
require cleanup actions. Keep in mind that the purpose of the
scoring process is to provide a preliminary and conservative
assessment of potential risk. During subsequent site investiga-
tions, the EPA may find either that there is no real threat or
that the site does not pose significant human health or envi-
ronmental risks.
How are cleanup
alternatives
identified and
* evaluated?
EPA or the State or, under their monitoring, private parties
identify and analyze specific site cleanup needs based on the
extensive information collected during the remedial investiga-
tion. This analysis of cleanup alternatives is called a feasibility
study.
Since cleanup actions must be tailored exactly to the needs of
each individual site, more than one possible cleanup alterna-
tive is always considered. After making sure that all potential
cleanup remedies fully protect human health and the environ-
ment and comply with Federal and State laws, the advantages
and disadvantages of each cleanup alternative are carefully
compared. These comparisons are made to determine their
effectiveness in the short- and long-term, their use of perma-
nent treatment solutions, and their technical feasibility and
cost.
To the maximum extent practicable, the remedy must be a
permanent solution and use treatment technologies to destroy
principal site contaminants. But remedies such as containing
the waste on, site or removing the source of the problem (like
leaking barrels) are often considered effective. Often special
pilot studies are conducted to determine the effectiveness and
feasibility of using a particular technology to clean up a site.
Therefore, the combined remedial investigation and feasibility
study can take between 10 and 30 months to complete, de-
pending on the size and complexity of the problem.
j Does the public have
i a say in the final
: cleanup decision?
Yes. The Superfund law requires that the public be given the
opportunity to comment on the proposed cleanup plan. Their
concerns are carefully considered before a final decision is
made.
Xll
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The results of the remedial investigation and feasibility study,
which also point out the recommended cleanup choice, are
published in a report for public review and comment. EPA or
the State encourages the public to review the information and
take an active role in the final cleanup decision. Fact sheets
and announcements in local papers let the community know
where they can get copies of the study and other reference
documents concerning the site.
The public has a minimum of 30 days to comment on the
proposed cleanup plan after it is published. These comments
can either be written or given verbally at public meetings that
EPA or the State are required to hold. Neither EPA nor the
State can select the final cleanup remedy without evaluating
and providing written answers to specific community com-
ments and concerns. This "responsiveness summary" is part
of EPA's write-up of the final remedy decision, called the
Record of Decision or ROD.
The ROD is a public document that explains the cleanup
remedy chosen and the reason it was selected. Since sites
frequently are large and must be cleaned up in stages, a ROD
may be necessary for each contaminated resource or area of
the site. This may be necessary when contaminants have
spread into the soil, water and air, and affect such sensitive
areas as wetlands, or when the site is large and cleaned up in
stages. This often means that a number of remedies using
different cleanup technologies are needed to clean up a single
site.
Yes. Before a specific cleanup action is carried out, it must be
designed in detail to meet specific site needs. This stage of the
cleanup is called the remedial design. The design phase
provides the details on how the selected remedy will be
engineered and constructed.
Projects to clean up a hazardous waste site may appear to be
like any other major construction project but, in fact, the likely
presence of combinations of dangerous chemicals demands
special construction planning and procedures. Therefore, the
design of the remedy can take anywhere from 6 months to 2
years to complete. This blueprint for site cleanup includes not
only the details on every aspect of the construction work, but a
description of the types of hazardous wastes expected at the
-If eyerg cleamtp " ,
v- action needs Ip,bet s "
^ilored to a sbe^ dbes
tlbe deslgit of Ifee
_ma.edy tieed to
tailoted too? -
xiii
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site, special plans for environmental protection, worker safety,
regulatory compliance, and equipment decontamination.
|" Once the design is
* complete, how long
r does it take to ^
| actually clean up We
t site and how much x;
r does it cost? ^ ,; v.
I- - '..
: Once the cleanup sl',f
j action is complete/ !^ 5
*. the site automatically -
;,y/deletedw from the '^ j
-
•^
The time and cost for performing the site cleanup — called the
remedial action — are as varied as the remedies themselves.
In a few cases, the only action needed may be to remove
drums of hazardous waste and decontaminate them -— an
action that takes limited time and money. In most cases,
however, a remedial action may involve different and expen-
sive measures .that can take a long time.
For example, cleaning polluted groundwater or dredging
contaminated river bottoms can take several years of complex
engineering work before contamination is reduced to safe
levels. Sometimes the selected cleanup remedy described in
the ROD may need to be modified because of new contami-
nant information discovered or difficulties that were faced
during the early cleanup activities. Taking into account these
differences, a remedial cleanup action takes an average of 18
months to complete and costs an average of $26 million per
site.
No. The deletion of a site from the NPL is anything but auto-
matic. For example, cleanup of contaminated groundwater
may take up to 20 years or longer. Also, in some cases the
long-term monitoring of the remedy is required to ensure that
it is effective. After construction of certain remedies, opera-
tion and maintenance (e.g., maintenance of ground cover,
groundwater monitoring, etc.) or continued pumping and
treating of groundwater, may be required to ensure that the
remedy continues to prevent future health hazards or environ-
mental damage, and ultimately meets the cleanup goals
specified in the ROD. Sites in this final monitoring or opera-
tional stage of the cleanup process are designated as "con-
struction completed".
It's not until a site cleanup meets all the goals and monitoring
requirements of the selected remedy that EPA can officially
propose the site for "deletion" from the NPL. And it's not
until public comments are taken into consideration that a site
can actually be deleted from the NPL. Deletions that have
occurred are included in the "Construction Complete" cate-
gory in the progress report found later in this book.
XIV
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Yes. Based on the belief that "the polluters should pay/' after a
site is placed on the NPL, the EPA makes a thorough effort to
identify and find those responsible for causing contamination
problems at a site. Although EPA is willing to negotiate with
these private parties and encourages voluntary cleanup, it has
the authority under the Superfund law to legally force those
potentially responsible for site hazards to take specific cleanup
actions. All work performed by these parties is closely guided
and monitored by EPA, and must meet the same standards
required for actions financed through the Superfund.
Because these enforcement actions can be lengthy, EPA may
decide to use Superfund monies to make sure a site is cleaned
up without unnecessary delay. For example, if a site presents
an imminent threat to public health and the environment, or if
conditions at a site may worsen, it could be necessary to start
the cleanup right away. Those responsible for causing site
contamination are liable under the law for repaying the money
EPA spends in cleaning up the site.
Whenever possible, EPA and the Department of Justice use
their legal enforcement authorities to require responsible
parties to pay for site cleanups, thereby preserving the Super-
fund for emergency actions and sites where no responsible
parties can be identified.
for tlte
..5'
?•••«•.•.•.•<.
XV
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TAX
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The Site Fact Sheets
% presented in this book
- are comprehensive
summaries that cover a broad
range of information. The
fact sheets describe hazard-
ous waste sites on the Na-
tional Priorities List (NPL)
and their locations, as well as
the conditions leading to their
listing ("Site Description").
They list the types of con-
taminants that have been dis-
covered and related threats to
public and ecological health
("Threats and Contami-
nants"). "Cleanup Ap-
proach" presents an overview
of the cleanup activities
completed, underway, or
planned. The fact sheets
conclude with a brief synop-
sis of how much progress has
been made on protecting
public health and the envi-
ronment. The summaries also
pinpoint other actions, such
as legal efforts to involve pol-
luters responsible for site
contamination and commu-
nity concerns.
The following two pages
show a generic fact sheet and
briefly describes the informa-
tion under each section. The
square "icons" or symbols ac-
companying the text allow
the reader to see at a glance
which environmental re-
sources are affected and the
status of cleanup activities.
Icons in the Threats
and Contaminants
Section
Contaminated
Groundwater re-
sources in the vicinity
or underlying the site.
(Groundwater is often used
as a drinking water source.)
Contaminated Sur-
face Water and
Sediments on or near
the site. (These include lakes,
ponds, streams, and rivers.)
Contaminated Air in
the vicinity of the
site. (Pollution is
usually periodic and involves
contaminated dust particles
or hazardous gas emissions.)
Contaminated Soil
and Sludges on or
near the site.
Threatened or
contaminated Envi-
ronmentally Sensi-
tive Areas in the vicinity of
the site. (Examples include
wetlands and coastal areas,
critical habitats.)
Icons in the Response
Action Status Section
Actions
have been taken or
are underway to
eliminate immediate threats
at the site.
Site Studies at the
site are planned or
underway.
Remedy Selected
indicates that site
investigations have
been concluded
and EPA has se-
lected a final cleanup remedy
for the site or part of the site.
Remedy Design
means that engi-
neers are prepar-
ing specifications
and drawings for the selected
cleanup technologies.
Cleanup Ongoing
indicates that the
selected cleanup
remedies for the
contaminated site — or part
of the site — are currently
underway.
Cleanup Complete
shows that all
cleanup goals have
been achieved for
the contaminated site or part
of the site.
xvii
-------
Site Responsibility
Identifies the Federal, State,
and/or potentially responsible
parties that are taking
responsibility for cleanup
actions at the site.
EPA REGION
CONGRESSIONAL DIST
County Name
SITE NAME
STATE
EPA ID# ABCOOOOOOOO
Site Description
Site Responsibility:
Threats and Contaminants
Cleanup Approach
Response Action Status
NPL Listing
History
Dates when the site
was Proposed,
made Final, and
Deleted from the
NPL
Environmental Progress
A summary of the actions to reduce the threats to nearby residents and
the surrounding environment; progress towards cleaning up the site
and goals of the cleanup plan are given here.
XV111
-------
The feet sheets are arranged
in alphabetical order by site
name. Because site cleanup is
a dynamic and gradual
process, all site information is
accurate as of the date shown
on the bottom of each page.
Progress is always being
made at NPL sites, and EPA
will periodically update the
Site Fact Sheets to reflect
recent actions and publish
updated State volumes.
HOW CAN YOU USE
THIS STATE BOOK?
You can use this book to keep
informed about the sites that
concern you, particularly
ones close to home. EPA is
committed to involving the
public in the decisionmaking
process associated with
hazardous waste cleanup.
The Agency solicits input
from area residents in com-
munities affected by Super-
fund sites. Citizens are likely
to be affected not only by
hazardous site conditions, but
also by the remedies that
combat them. Site cleanups
take many forms and can
affect communities in differ-
ent ways. Local traffic may
be rerouted, residents may be
relocated, temporary water
supplies may be necessary.
Definitive information on a
site can help citizens sift
through alternatives and
make decisions. To make
good choices, you must know
what the threats are and how
EPA intends to clean up the
site. You must understand
the cleanup alternatives being
proposed for site cleanup and
how residents may be af-
fected by each one. You also
need to have some idea of
how your community intends
to use the site in the future
and to know what the com-
munity can realistically
expect once the cleanup is
complete.
EPA wants to develop
cleanup methods that meet
community needs, but the
Agency can only take local
concerns into account if it
understands what they are.
Information must travel both
ways in order for cleanups to
be effective and satisfactory.
Please take this opportunity
to learn more, become in-
volved, and assure that
hazardous waste cleanup at
"your" site considers your
community's concerns.
xx
-------
NPL Sites in
State of Florida
Florida is located in the southeast corner of the United States, and bordered by the
Atlantic Ocean on the east, the Gulf of Mexico to the west, and Georgia and Alabama
to the north. The State covers 58,664 square miles consisting primarily of flat lime-
stone pennisula. Florida experienced a 26.6 percent increase in population during the
1980s and currently has approximately 12,335,000 residents, ranking 4th in U.S. popu-
lations. Principal State industries are services, trade, government, manufacturing,
tourism, agriculture and commercial fishing. Florida manufactures electronic/electrical
equipment, transportation equipment, and machinery for printing and publishing.
How Many Florida Sites
Are on the NPL?
Proposed Sites
Final Sites
Deleted Sites
7
44
_3
54
*
Where Are the NPL Sites Located?
Cong. District 04, 09, 06 1 site
Cong. District 05, 11, 12, 15, 19 2 sites
Cong. District 10, 14, 16, 18 3 sites
Cong. District 02 , 4 sites
Cong. District 17 . 5 sites
Cong. District 01 6 sites
Cong. District 03, 07 7 sites
How are Sites Contaminated and What are the Principal* Chemicals ?
Groundwater: Heavy metals
(inorganics), volatile organic
compounds (VOCs), and
creosotes (organics).
Soil and Solid Waste: Heavy
metals (inorganics), volatile
organic compounds (VOCs),
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs),
pesticides, and creosotes
(organics).
Surface Water and Sediments:
Heavy metals (inorganics),
volatile organic compounds
(VOCs), and creosotes (organics).
•Appear at 10% or more sites
GW Soil SW Seds Solid
Waste
Contamination Area
State Overview
XXI
continued
-------
Where are the Sites in the Superfund Cleanup Process*?
Site
Studies
Remedy .
Selected
Remedy
" Design
Cleanup
Ongoing
Construction
Complete
Initial actions have been taken at 29 sites as interim cleanup measures.
Who Do I Call with Questions?
The following pages describe each NPL site in Florida, providing specific information on
threats and contaminants, cleanup activities, and environmental progress. Should you
have questions, please call one of the offices listed below:
Florida Superfund Office
EPA Region IV Superfund Office
EPA Region IV Community Relations
EPA Superfund Hotline
EPA Public Information Office
(904)488-0190
(404) 347-2234
(404) 347-3004
(800) 424-9346
(202) 477-7751
"Cleanup status reflects phase of site activities rather than administrative accomplishments.
State Overview
-------
The JVPL Progress Report
The following Progress Report lists the State sites currently on or deleted from the NPL,
and briefly summarizes the status of activities for each site at the time this report was
prepared. The steps in the Superfund cleanup process are arrayed across the top of the
chart, and each site's progress through these steps is represented by an arrow {•*•) which
indicates the current stage of cleanup at the site.
Large and complex sites are often organized into several cleanup stages. For example,
separate cleanup efforts may be required to address the source of the contamination,
hazardous substances in the groundwater, and surface water pollution, or to clean up
different areas of a large site. In such cases, the chart portrays cleanup progress at the
site's most advanced stage, reflecting the status of site activities rather than administrative
accomplishments.
*- An arrow in the "Initial Response" category indicates that an emergency cleanup or
initial action has been completed or is currently underway. Emergency or initial actions
are taken as an interim measure to provide immediete relief from exposure to
hazardous site conditions or to stabilize a site to prevent further contamination.
*- An arrow in the "Site Studies" category indicates that an investigation to determine the
nature and extent of the contamination at the site is currently ongoing or planned to
begin in 1991.
•*- An arrow in the "Remedy Selection" category means that the EPA has selected the
final cleanup strategy for the site. At the few sites where the EPA has determined that
initial response actions have eliminated site contamination, or that any remaining
contamination will be naturally dispersed without further cleanup activities, a "No
Action" remedy is selected. In these cases, the arrows in the Progress Report are
discontinued at the "Remedy Selection" step and resume in the final "Construction
Complete" category-
•K An arrow at the "Remedial Design" stage indicates that engineers are currently
designing the technical specifications for the selected cleanup remedies and
technologies.
«*- An arrow marking the "Cleanup Ongoing" category means that final cleanup actions
have been started at the site and are currently underway.
*• A arrow in the "Construction Complete" category is used only when all phases of the
site cleanup plan have been performed and the EPA has determined that no additional
construction actions are required at the site. Some sites in this category may currently
be undergoing long-term pumping and treating of groundwater, operation and
maintenance or monitoring to ensure that the completed cleanup actions continue to
protect human health and the environment.
The sites are listed in alphabetical order. Further information on the activities and progress
at each site is given in the site "Fact Sheets" published in this volume.
xxiii
-------
IT*
Page
1
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
ugrcss luwcuu. vsjicei
She Name
AGRICO CHEMICAL
AIRCO PLATING CO., INC.
ALPHA CHEMICAL CORP.
AMERICAN CREOSOTE WORKS
ANACONDA/MILGO
ANODYNE, INC.
B & B CHEMICAL COMPANY
BEULAH LANDFILL
BMI-TEXTRON .
BROWN WOOD PRESERVING
CABOT/KOPPERS
CECIL FIELD NAVAL AIR STATION
CHEM-FORM, INC.
CITY INDUSTRIES
COLEMAN-EVANS WOOD PRESERVING
DAVIE LANDFILL
DUBOSE OIL PRODUCTS COMPANY
FLORIDA STEEL CORPORATION
GOLD COAST OIL CORPORATION
.11 Up 0.1 il
County
ESCAMBIA
DADE
POLK
ESCAMBIA
DADE
DADE
DADE
ESCAMBIA
PALM BEACH
SUWANNEE
ALACHUA
DUVAL
BROWARD
ORANGE
DUVAL
BROWARD
ESCAMBIA
MARTIN
DADE
IJTJL/ C
NPL
Final
Final
Final
Final
Prop.
Final
Prop.
Prop.
Prop.
Final
Final
Prop.
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
>J,t,C79 JL
Date
10/04/89
02/21/90
09/01/83
09/01/83
11/15/89
02/21/90
06/24/88
06/24/88
06/24/88
09/01/83
09/01/84
07/14/89
11/11/89
10/04/89
09/01/83
09/08/83
06/01/86
12/01/82
09/01/83
IJ. JFJ.VM.JLU.O.
Initial She Remedy Remedy Cleanup Construction
Response Studies Selected Design Ongoing Complete
4-
+
4-4-4-4-
4-4-4-4-
+
*
4- 4-
+
4- 4-
4- + 4-4-4-4-
4- 4-
+
*
4-4-4-
^ ^ ^ ^
4-4-4-4-
4-4-4-
4- 4-
4-4- 4- 4- 4-
XXIV
-------
Page Site Name
County
Initial Site Remedy Remedy Cleanup Construction
NPL Date Response Studies Selected Design Ongoing Complete
39
41
43
45
47
49
51
53
55
57
59
61
63
65
67
69
71
73
75
77
HARRIS CORP. / PALM BAY FACILITY
HIPPS ROAD LANDFILL
HOLLINGSWORTH SOLDERLESS
HOMESTEAD AIR FORCE BASE
JACKSONVILLE NAVAL AIR STATION
KASSOUF-KIMERLING BATTERY DISPOSAL
MADISON COUNTY SANITARY LANDFILL
MIAMI DRUM SERVICES
MUNISPORT LANDFILL
NORTHWEST 58TH STREET LANDFILL
PARRAMORE SURPLUS
PEAK OIL COMPANY
PENSACOLA NAVAL AIR STATION
PEPPERS STEEL AND ALLOY CO.
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS CORP.
PICKETTVILLE ROAD LANDFILL
PIONEER SAND COMPANY
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
REEVES SOUTHEASTERN GALVANIZING
SAPP BATTERY SALVAGE
BREVARD
DUVAL
BROWARD
DADE
DUVAL
HILLSBOROUGH
MADISON
DADE
rDADE
DADE
GADSDEN
HILLSBOROUGH
ESCAMBIA
DADE
BROWARD
DUVAL
ESCAMBIA
INDIAN RIVER
HILLSBOROUGH
JACKSON
Final
Final
Final
Prop.
Final
Final
Prop.
Final
Final
Final
Delete
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
07/01/87 &- <*-
09/01/84 •*" •*- •*- *- +-
09/01/83 •*• •*" •*- +• +-
07/14/89 *-
11/21/89 •*-
09/01/83 •*- *-
06/24/88 •*- •*-
09/01/83 *- "^ + *•
09/01/83 s^-
09/01/83 "^ "*" *• +-
02/21/89 "^ "^ ^~
06/10/86 "^ «*-
1 1/21/89 *-
09/01/84 "^ "K "^ ^ ^
07/01/87 "^ "K
09/01/83 "^ "^
09/01/83 "^ ^- "^ ^>
02/16/90 •*- «^-
09/01/83 «^
09/01/83 •*• •*- "K ^
XXV
-------
Pago Srto Name
County
Initial Site Remedy Remedy Cleanup Construction
NPL Date Response Studies Selected Design Ongoing Complete
79
81
83
85
87
89
91
93
95
97
99
101
103
105
107
SCHUYLKILL METAL CORP.
SHERWOOD MEDICAL
STANDARD AUTO BUMPER
SYDNEY MINE SLUDGE PONDS
TAYLOR ROAD LANDFILL
TOWER CHEMICAL COMPANY
TRI-CITY OIL CONSERVATIONIST
VARSOL SPILL SITE
WHITEHOUSE WASTE OIL PITS
WILSON CONCEPTS OF FLORIDA
WINGATE RD. MUNI. INCINERATOR
WOODBURY CHEMICAL CO.
YELLOW WATER ROAD DUMP
ZELLWOOD GROUNDWATER
62ND STREET DUMP
HILLSBOROUGH
VOLUSIA
DADE
HILLSBOROUGH
HILLSBOROUGH
LAKE
HILLSBOROUGH
DADE
DUVAL
BROWARD
BROWARD
DADE
DUVAL
ORANGE
HILLSBOROUGH
Final
Prop.
Final
Final
Final
Final
Delete
Delete
Final
Final
Final
Prop.
Final
Final
Final
09/01/83 •*•
09/01/83 •*•
10/04/89 •+- "^
10/01/89 "^ •*" "*• •*" "*•
09/01/83 •*- •*-
09/01/83 *-*-*-•>•
01/19/88 + +• +• +-
09/01/88 •*" *• "*-
09/01/83 + "*• ^- •>"
03/31/89 >^
10/04/89 *"
06/24/88 •>• "*- '
06/01/86 + +
09/01/83 "*• *• *• "^
09/01/83 . •*•
XXVI
-------
-------
-------
AGRICO CHEM
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD980221857
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 01
Escambia County
2 miles southwest of
Pensacola Municipal Airport
Site Description
The 6-acre Agrico Chemical site is bordered by the L&N (Louisville & Nashville} Railway
Yard on the west and an abandoned quarry on the north. Industrial activity on the site
began in 1889, when a company started producing sulfuric ac/c/from iron pyrite.
Around 1920, American Agriculture Chemical Company began making fertilizer from
phosphate rock. The plant underwent numerous ownership changes and its name was
changed to Agrico. In 1975, Agrico stopped production, tore down the buildings, and
sold the land. All that remains on the site are the foundations of five buildings,
including a plant where phosphate was processed to make fluorine. Four ponds that
were used to store liquid manufacturing wastes lie to the north and east of the ruins.
In 1958, a municipal water well 1 1/4 miles from the site was closed due to high acidity
and fluoride concentrations. The primary aquifer under the site is highly permeable,
which facilitates the movement of contaminants into the groundwater. Given the
direction of the flow, any contamination could enter Bayou Texar or Pensacola Bay.
Thirteen county wells serving approximately 114,000 people lie within 3 miles of the
site. Few residents live in the immediate vicinity of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 10/04/89
n
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater, soil, and surface water are contaminated with lead,
sulfuric acid, and fluorides, probably as a result of pipe and tank corrosion
from sulfuric acid. There is a potential for the well water to become
contaminated because of groundwater migration, which would pose a
threat to individuals who use the wells for their water supply.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on water
pollution at the site.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
1
continued
-------
AGRICO CHEMICAL
Response Action Status
Water Pollution: Under EPA monitoring, the parties potentially, responsible
for site contamination began an intensive study of site problems in 1989.
This investigation will determine the nature and extent of water pollution
and will recommend the best strategies for final cleanup. It is slated for completion in
mid-1991.
! Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and
determined that no immediate actions were needed at the Agrico Chemical site since
the contaminated well was already closed. Further investigations into cleanup
strategies are taking place.
-------
AIRCO PLATING
COMPANY, INC.
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD004145140
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 18
Dade County
Miami
Site Description
The 1 1/2-acre Airco Plating Company, Inc. site has operated as an electroplating shop
since 1957. Nickel, cadmium, chromium, copper, and zinc plating are the chief
processes. Before 1973, operators disposed of plating wastes, including sludge, in
three on-site seepage ponds. Since 1973, treated wastes have been released to the
Miami sewage system. Since 1982, workers have separated out the sludges and
shipped them to an EPA-approved hazardous waste facility. During a 1985
investigation, the EPA discovered that one of the likely waste disposal areas had been
covered with asphalt pavement and a lawn. Soil and groundwater f rom near the ponds
contained contaminants associated with electroplating. The site lies over the recharge
zone for the Biscayne Aquifer, which supplies drinking water for all of Dade County.
Four municipal well fields supplying approximately 750,000 people are within 3 miles of
the site. These wells are retrofitted with air strippers, because of contamination from a
variety of sources. The site is located in a primarily industrial area about 1 mile north of
the Miami International Airport. An estimated 6,500 people live within a 1-mile radius
of the site. The Miami Canal, which flows into the Miami River, is located about 1/2
mile from the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties'actions.
IMPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 02/21/90
Threats and Contaminants
Shallow groundwater in the areas of the ponds, surface and subsurface
soil near the ponds, and the lawn area between the ponds are
contaminated with heavy metals including cadmium, chromium, copper,
and nickel from former electroplating operations. The individuals who are
most at risk of contact with contaminated soils are workers conducting
cleanup activities at the site. People who use the groundwater in this
area could potentially be exposed to heavy metals.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
3
continued
-------
AIRCO PLATING COMPANY, INC.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of
the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The parties potentially responsible for the contamination of the
site began an intensive study of soil and water contamination in 1989. This
investigation will explore the nature and extent of pollution at the site and
will recommend the best strategies for final cleanup. It is slated for completion at the
end of 1990. Negotiations are also planned with the parties potentially responsible to
conduct additional studies and cleanup activities.
Environmental Progress
The EPA performed preliminary site investigations and determined that with air
strippers on municipal wells, there are no immediate threats at the Airco Plating
Company site while the parties potentially responsible for site contamination complete
further investigations and cleanup activities.
-------
ALPHA CHEM
CORPORATIO
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD041495441
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 10
Polk County
Kathleen, 3 miles north of Lakeland
Alias:
Alpha Resins Corporation
Site Description
The Alpha Resins Corporation (ARC), formerly known as Alpha Chemical
Corporation, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Alpha Corporation of Tennessee and
has produced unsaturated polyester resin for fiberglass manufacturers at this 32-acre
site since 1967. The process yields wastewater containing small amounts of volatile
organic compounds (VOCs). Under a State permit, the company disposed of this waste
in two unlined surface ponds, (Pond #4 and #3-2) relying on natural biological processes
to break down the organics. In 1976, ARC began incinerating the wastewater instead.
Pond #4 dried up, and workers used the area as a solid waste landfill for a year,
covering it with soil in 1977. in 1977, Pond #3-2 was divided, and sludge waters were
pumped from #2 to #3. Pond #2 was lined with concrete to receive wastewater. No
waste was discharged from Pond #2, and this was covered with soil in 1988. In 1982,
when ARC sought to line Pond #3 with concrete for caustic wash water disposal, the
Florida Department of Environmental Regulations (FDER) requested groundwater
monitoring information. New monitoring wells revealed contamination of the surficial
aquifer. Of the 23 organic compounds detected, ethyl benzene occurred most often
and in the highest concentrations. The area around the site is residential and
commercial. Approximately 650 people live within 1/2 mile of the site. Twenty feet of
clay shield the Floridian Aquifer from contaminated groundwater; this aquifer, which
provides drinking water for area residents, is not polluted. Surface water from the site
drains into a vegetated, low-lying wetland.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/81
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater, sediments, and soil were found to be contaminated
with VOCs, mainly ethyl benzene and xylene from former process wastes.
There is no health threat at this time since the surficial aquifer is not used
for drinking water and no contamination has been detected in the deeper
Floridian aquifer.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
5
continued
-------
ALPHA CHEMICAL CORPORATION
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the
entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The EPA selected a cleanup remedy for this site in 1988 which
features capping the small unlined Pond #3 to keep rainwater and runoff
from spreading contaminants and long-term monitoring of groundwater and
surface water to assure the effectiveness of cleanup. The parties
responsible for contamination at the site conducted the engineering design and began
cleanup activities in 1989. Construction of the cap was completed later that year and
sampling of the groundwater and surface water is ongoing. Monitoring of groundwater
and surface water samples will continue every 3 months.
Site Facts: A Consent Decree was signed in 1989 by the State and the parties
potentially responsible for the site contamination.
Environmental Progress
Cleanup activities are completed at the Alpha Chemical site and monitoring of
groundwater and surface water will continue to ensure the effectiveness of the remedy
and safe conditions for nearby residents and the environment.
-------
AMERICAN
CREOSOTE
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD008161994
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 01
Escambia County
Pensacola
Site Description
The 18-acre American Creosote Works site is an inactive wood-treating facility in
Pehsgcola, located about 1/4 mile north of the confluence of Bayou Chico and
Pensacola Bay. It operated from the early 1900s until 1982, when the company filed
for bankruptcy. Workers treated poles with creosote before 1950, when they began
using pentachlorophenol (PCP) with increasing regularity. Operators discharged liquid
process wastes into two unlined, 80,000-gallon percolation ponds. Before 1970, these
wastewaters were allowed to overflow through a spillway and follow a drainage course
into Bayou Chico and Pensacola Bay. Later, workers drew wastewaters off the ponds
periodically and discharged them into designated "spillage areas" on site. Additional
discharges occurred when heavy rainfall flooded the ponds, which then overflowed
their dikes. The site lies in a commercial and residential area. Withdrawal wells may
serve as a conduit between the shallow and deeper aquifer. No drinking water wells lie
within the area of known contamination. , , •
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/81
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
Major contaminants in the soil and groundwater are volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) and creosotes such as polyaromatic hydrocarbons
(PAHs) from the former wood-treating processes. PAHs were also found
in one sample of sediments from the drainage ditch. Additional bay and
biota sampling are needed to assess the impact on biota living in the bay
sediments. The most significant transport route for contaminants is by
groundwater from the sludge lagoons to Pensacola Bay. Minor exposure
routes for people include breathing dust on the site and accidentally
ingesting or touching contaminated soils.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
7
continued
-------
AMERICAN CREOSOTE WORKS
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in three stages: emergency actions and two long-term
remedial phases focusing on soil cleanup and groundwater, sludge, and underlying soils
cleanup.
Response Action Status
Emergency Actions: The EPA undertook several emergency actions at
this site. In 1983, workers drained, treated, and discharged contaminated
water in the on-site ponds, solidifying the remaining sludge and temporarily
capping this solidified material with a layer of clay to keep rainfall and runoff from
spreading contaminants. In 1984, they staged the drums on the site and built a fence
around them. In 1985 and 1986, the cap was repaired and workers installed a fence
around the capped area.
Soil Cleanup: The EPA's remedies for soil cleanup include: (1) excavating,
screening, and stockpiling the contaminated surface soil; (2) treating the
contamination with bioremediation {the selected type of bioremediation,
landfarming or slurry, will be determined based on the results of treatability
studies); (3) replacing the excavated and treated soils on site; (4) removing debris; (5)
repairing the fence; (6) properly disposing of drilling muds; and (7) repairing the existing
clay cap. The EPA began the engineering design for soil biotreatment in 1989. Soil
excavation activities began later the same year. Treatment of the contaminated
soils is scheduled to begin in 1991. .
remedies.
Groundwater, Solidified Sludges, and Underlying Subsurface Soils:
Selection of remedies for this phase is scheduled for 1990. Cleanup will
begin following completion of the engineering design of the selected
Environmental Progress
The soil excavations, capping, and other emergency actions performed by the EPA
have greatly reduced the potential for exposure to contaminants at the American
Creosote site while further investigations and the design of the soil cleanup remedies
are being completed.
-------
ANACONDA/MILGO
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD020536538
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 17
Dade County
Miami
Aliases:
Anaconda Aluminum
Applied Technologies and Engineering
Milgo Electronics Corporation
Site Description
The Anaconda/Milgo site is composed of two facilities located directly across the street
from each other and covers 1 1/2 acres. The two facilities are Anaconda Aluminum and
Milgo Electronics; the Anaconda portion of the site covers approximately 1 acre.
Operations began in 1957 and consisted of an electrochemical process using acids and
an aluminum-laden caustic base to produce a film of protective coating on aluminum.
Raw materials used in the process included sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide, caustic
soda, detergents, and dyes. Waste anodizing sludge was pumped to a cement
neutralizing pit where sulfuric acid or caustic soda was added to balance the pH levels.
Air was used for mixing, and then solids were left to settle on the bottom. The clear
liquid was pumped to a soakage pit for disposal to the groundwater. The sludge
subsequently was disposed of at the County dump. The soakage pit had a holding
capacity of 1,892 gallons and was licensed by the County. In 1979, the County required
Anaconda to install a groundwater monitoring well southeast of the pit. Anaconda
ceased operations in early 1983. Operations began at the Milgo portion of the site in
the late 1960s and consisted of chrome, nickel, and copper electroplating of data
processing equipment and the manufacturing of cabinets for electronic components. A
chrome reduction treatment system discharged treated wastewater to a 360-square-
foot drainfield on the premises. The system was designed to treat an average daily
flow of 7,200 gallons. Samples collected from the effluent In 1973 by the County
contained iron, chromium, zinc, and lead. Approximately 1,200 gallons of sludge
generated yearly by the treatment system were removed by tanker truck and hauled off
site. Operations at Milgo ceased in summer 1984. Both companies disposed of liquid
wastes via on-site drainfields. Sampling conducted in 1987 indicated heavy metal
contamination in the groundwater. The contaminated groundwater reaches the
Biscayne Aquifer, the source of drinking water for approximately 750,000 residents of
the Miami area. The site is located in an industrialized area northeast of Miami
International Airport.
Site Responsibility:
The site is being addressed through
a combination of Federal and State
actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 11/15/89
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
9
continued
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ANACONDA/MILGO
IV
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater contains heavy metals such as zinc, iron, selenium,
chromium, and copper; cyanide; and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
from the former manufacturing and process waste disposal practices.
Sediment, surface water, and soils contain heavy metals such as mercury,
selenium, and arsenic. There is a potential health threat if people come
into direct contact with the contaminated groundwater, soil, sediments, or
surface water. However, sampling has indicated there are no immediate
human health threats from this site.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of
the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The EPA conducted an initial investigation of the site in 1989
and determined that the site does not appear to pose an immediate threat
to public health or the environment. However, the EPA is planning to
conduct a thorough investigation to explore the nature and extent of contamination in
1992.
Environmental Progress
At the time this summary was written, the Anaconda/Milgo site just obtained NPL
status and it was too early to discuss environmental progress. The EPA will be
performing a study to assess the need for any intermediate actions required to make
the site safer while waiting for cleanup actions to begin. Results of this assessment
will be discussed in our next edition.
10
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ANODYNE, INC.
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD981014368
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 17
Dade County
Sunshine State Industrial Park
in North Miami Beach
Site Description
The Anodyne, Inc. site is a building in North Miami Beach that covers less than an acre.
Its two tenants currently are Mr. Furniture, a furniture manufacturer, and United Parcel
Service. From the early 1960s until 1975, however, Anodyne, Inc. produced lithographs
and silkscreen prints on the site. Workers reportedly disposed of wastes in an injection
well near the building as early as 1960. In a 1973 inspection, Dade County discovered
that the waste was also being dumped directly onto the ground. Groundwater
contamination was discovered in 1986 as a result of an EPA inspection of the site. The
Biscayne Aquifer, which supplies drinking water for all of Dade County, is directly
beneath the site. The site is located in an industrial park. The W.A. Oeffler and
Westside well fields are within 3 miles of the site; they provide drinking water to
approximately 148,000 people.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
a combination of Federal, State, and
potentially responsible parties'
actions.
IMPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 02/21/90
Threats and Contaminants
Samples indicated elevated levels of several heavy metals from former
site operations in the shallow on-site groundwater. Relatively low
concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were also detected
in a groundwater sample. On-site soil samples contained elevated levels
of several heavy metals and VOCs. People may be at risk by touching or
accidentally ingesting contaminated soil or groundwater.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of
the entire site.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
11
continued
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ANODYNE, INC.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: One of the parties potentially responsible for contamination at
this site will conduct a study to define the extent of contamination and to
determine possible cleanup methods. An intensive investigation is
scheduled to begin in 1990. This study will determine the nature and extent of soil and
groundwater pollution and will recommend the best cleanup alternatives. Planning
activities for the investigation began in early 1990; the investigation is slated for
completion in early 1991. ,
Site Facts: The EPA started meeting with the parties potentially responsible for the
contamination of the site in 1989 to discuss funding for the cleanup. Property
Investments, one of the responsible parties, signed an Administrative Order on
Consent in early 1990 to conduct a study of the nature and extent of contamination at
the site.
Environmental Progress
After adding the Anodyne, Inc. site to the NPL, the EPA determined that the site does
not currently pose an immediate threat to public health or the environment while the
studies into permanent cleanup strategies are taking place.
12
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B & B CHEMICAL
COMPANY
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD004574190
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 17
Dade County
Hialeah
Site Description
The B & B Chemical Company has manufactured industrial cleaning compounds on this,
2-acre site in Hialeah since 1958. The company prepares its products in mixing vats
which, along with the company's tank trucks, are washed down once a year. Before
1976, the wash water was put into unlined lagoons. Since then, the company has run
it through a treatment system before discharging it to the Hialeah sewers. Officials
have been concerned about the impact of the lagoons on groundwater quality since
1975. The underlying Biscayne Aquifer supplies drinking water for all of Dade County.
This site is in a highly industrialized area. Four public well fields are within 3 miles of
the site and serve approximately 750,000 people. One well is within 3,000 feet of the,
site. Production from the well fields has been curtailed due to groundwater
contamination. The Miami Canal is 800 feet to the southwest of the" site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Threats and Contaminants
In 1985, the EPA found volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including
chlorobenzenes and dichloroethylene from former manufacturing
operations in monitoring wells on and off the site; they also found
chromium in on-site wells. Health threats include drinking polluted
groundwater.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in an initial action and a long-term remedial phase focusing
on cleanup of the entire site.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
13
continued
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B & B CHEMICAL COMPANY
Response Action Status
Initial Action: B & B Chemical Company, under an agreement with Dade
County, operated the groundwater recovery and treatment system at the
site until 1989, when they unilaterally stopped recovery of the groundwater.
Entire Site: More information on the extent of contamination from the site
is needed before the EPA can select a cleanup remedy. The EPA is
preparing a study, scheduled to start in 1990, in order to determine the
nature and extent of groundwater contamination. The study is slated for completion'in
1991.
The earlier groundwater treatment performed by the parties potentially responsible for
site contamination and the shut-down of affected wells have greatly reduced the •''
potential for exposure to contaminants from the B&B Chemical Company site while
further investigations are taking place.
14
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BEULAH LANDFILL
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD980494660
Site Description
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 01
Escambia County
Pensacola
The 80-acre Beulah Landfill site was operated by Escambia County from 1950 to 1984.
Its north and south sections were run independently. The northern landfill, used from
1950 to 1960, accepted mostly municipal trash. The southern sludge disposal pit
began receiving domestic septic tank wastes in 1968 and continued to take municipal
trash, industrial waste, demolition debris, and municipal sludges until 1984, when the
State ordered a halt to operations at the pit. From 1980 to 1986, the landfill operated
under State order, accepting only specified wastes. Several residences within 3 miles
of the landfill draw drinking water from the upper 150 feet of the local sand and gravel
aquifer. The nearest well is 700 feet from the site. Eleven Mile Creek, at the
downstream edge of the site, is used for recreational activities.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Threats and Contaminants
EPA tests showed that wastes on the site contain anthracene,
naphthalene, fluoranthene, pyrene, pentachlorophenol (PCP),
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and zinc. The groundwater and surface
water are also contaminated with zinc. People trespassing on the site
could be exposed to contaminants in the wastes on site. People
ingesting contaminated groundwater may be at risk.
Cleanup Approach
This.site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on soil and
groundwater cleanup at the site.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
15
continued
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BEULAH LANDFILL
Response Action Status
Soil and Groundwater: The EPA will undertake an intensive study of soil
and groundwater contamination at the site in 1990. This investigation will
also recommend the best strategies for final cleanup. It is slated for
completion in early 1992. Once the investigation is completed, a final selection of a
remedy will be made.
Site Facts: From 1980 to 1986, the landfill operated under a Consent Order with the
Florida Department of Environmental Regulation (FDER) to accept only specified
wastes. -, ,
Environmental Progress
After proposing this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and
determined that there were no immediate actions needed at the Beulah Landfill site
while investigations into cleanup strategies are taking place.
16
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BMI-TEXTRON
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD052172954
Site Description
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 12
Palm Beach County
Lake Park
Alias:
Basic Microelectronics, Inc.
From 1969 until 1986, operators of the 3 1/2-acre BMI-Textron facility made chrome-
backed glass plates used in producing electronic components. Workers used cyanide
to etch the glass. The facility discharged liquid wastes to percolation ponds and drain
fields for four years under an industrial wastewater permit issued by the Florida
Department of Environmental Regulation (FDER). Four wells at the facility monitored
compliance with the terms of the permit. In 1983, operators received a Notice of
Violation from the State, and subsequently reported that the site's soil and groundwater
were contaminated with cyanide. Two municipal water systems draw from wells
within 3 miles of the site. They serve approximately 106,000 people in Lake Park,
Riviera Beach, North Palm Beach, and Palm Beach Gardens.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
a combination of Federal, State, and
potentially responsible parties'
actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
IV
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater and soil are contaminated with cyanide and fluoride
from former production processes. Shallow groundwater is also
contaminated with barium, chromium, and nitrates. Contaminated
groundwater used for a water supply source on the site poses potential
threats to health or could possibly enter downgradient wells. A fence
surrounding the site limits threats from exposure through direct contact or
inhalation of the contaminated dust.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on soil and groundwater contamination.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
17
continued
-------
BMI-TEXTRON
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: Under State order, the owner removed about 680
cubic yards of cyanide-contaminated soil and transported it to an EPA-
approved hazardous waste facility in 1984. In 1986, the EPA discovered
cyanide and fluoride in on-site groundwater and soil. In 1986, again under State order,
the owner agreed to develop a plan to clean up contaminated groundwater. The
company submitted its proposal in 1987. The removal of soils from the contaminated
ponds is currently taking place.
Soil and Groundwater: Under EPA monitoring, the owner will undertake
an intensive study of the nature and extent of soil and groundwater
contamination at the site. This investigation will also recommend the best
alternatives for final cleanup. It is slated to start in late 1990 and conclude
in early 1993.
Site Facts: In 1984, BMI and the State of Florida entered into an agreement requiring
the company to remove contaminated soils at the site and to submit a detailed
monitoring program for determining the nature and extent of groundwater
contamination at the site. BMI agreed to comply with another State Consent Order in
1986 to develop a plan to clean up contaminated groundwater, and the company
submitted a cleanup proposal in 1987. Employees notified officials in 1988 of concerns
about the water safety.
Environmental Progress
The removal of contaminated soils has greatly reduced the potential for exposure to
hazardous materials at the BMI-Textron site. These actions have protected the public
health and the environment while further investigations and cleanup activities are
planned.
18
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BROWN WO
PRESERVING
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD980728935
Site Description
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 02
Suwannee County
2 miles west of Live Oak
Aliases:
Live Oak Perry
South Georgia Railway/Wood Plant
From 1946 until 1978, the Brown Wood Preserving site was operated as a wood-
treatment facility on this 55-acre site in Live Oak. Several different companies ran the
facility over its 30-year lifespan; the plant burned and was rebuilt in 1974. Operators
used creosote and pentachlorophenol (PCP) in pressure treatment processes and
discharged wastewater into an open ditch, where it flowed into a 5-acre unlined
impoundment A 3-acre upgradient lagoon contained 3,000 cubic yards of creosote
materials. The area surrounding the site is rural and light agricultural. Homes,
businesses, light industry, a trailer park, a private airport, and a County storage yard are
all located within 1/2 mile of the site. The trailer park houses approximately 450
residents. Sinkholes and public and private wells lie within 2 miles of the site, but the
aquifer is not currently threatened, because contamination has not reached it.
Site Responsibility:
The site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Final Date: 09/01/83
V
Threats and Contaminants
Testing during cleanup studies in 1985 and 1986 showed soils in the
disposal lagoon and drainage ditch to be contaminated with carcinogenic
polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the wood-treatment processes.
Sediments in the disposal lagoon and drainage ditch were also found to
be contaminated with PAHs. Touching or accidentally consuming
contaminated soil or dust could endanger human health.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial
phase directed at cleanup of the entire site.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
19
continued
-------
BROWN WOOD PRESERVING
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: Initial actions were performed at the site in 1988.
Activities included: (1) treatment and discharge of approximately 200,000
gallons of lagoon and pit water; (2) demolition, salvage, and removal of
facilities and process equipment on site; (3) excavation and solidification of 15,000 tons
of contaminated sludges; and (4) backfilling of the retort pit. These actions reduced the
levels of contaminants in the soil. The site was fenced and warning signs were posted
in 1988.
Entire Site: The EPA selected the following cleanup remedy for the site:
(1) removing the lagoon water, treating it (if necessary) and discharging it to
a sewage treatment plant; (2) excavating and treating the most severely
contaminated soil and sludge and disposing of it off site; (3) breaking down
contaminants in the remaining soils biologically in a 14-acre treatment area constructed
with a liner and an internal drainage and spray irrigation system; (4) covering this
treatment area with clean fill after it served its purpose; and (5) monitoring groundwater
and the biological cleanup system for up to 5 years. The parties responsible for site
contamination finished the cleanup actions outlined in the remedy to the EPA's
satisfaction in 1989. In conducting the cleanup activities, workers also: (1) cleared 6
acres; (2) removed an abandoned railroad track; (3) installed a clay liner; (4) built
containment berms around the perimeter; (5) installed a treatment area surface
drainage network and run-on drainage swales; (6) shaped the runoff retention road; (7)
placed contaminated soil in the treatment and stockpile area; and (8) installed an
irrigation system. Operation and maintenance will consist of quarterly sampling of the
biologically degraded soils for 2 years and groundwater sampling for 5 years.
Site Facts: The Consent Decree between the EPA and the parties responsible for the
contamination was entered on October 24,1988 for performance of the engineering
design and actual cleanup activities as well as the operations and maintenance
functions for the site. Under EPA monitoring, the parties responsible for site
contamination have finished cleaning up the site. The Brown Wood Preserving site is
scheduled to be deleted from the NPL in mid-1994.
Environmental Progress
The Brown Wood Preserving site has been cleaned up and meets all Federal and State
standards. The site will be monitored for a period of 5 years to ensure that the cleanup
methods are effective and continue to protect human health and the environment, at
which time the site will be deleted from the NPL.
20
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CABOT/KOPPE
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD980709356
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 10
Alachua County '
Gainesville „<.
Aliases:
K-Mart Site
Cabot Carbon
Site Description
The Cabot/Koppers site covers 170 acres bridging two properties in Gainesville, near ;v*
the intersection of N. 23rd Avenue and N. Main Street. Koppers, a wood-treating
operation, owns the western part of the site and still operates on 82 acres of the site.
Cabot Carbon formerly operated on the eastern portion of the site, on its own 49 acres,
making naval stores and charcoal,from pine stumps. Koppers preserves wood utility
poles and timbers using creosote and chromated copper arsenate. Pentachlorophehol
(PCP) was used in the past. Koppers currently recycles its process wastes and
disposes of residues in an environmentally sound manner. The contamination on the ,
site may be attributable to the past use of wastewater holding ponds. The old pond
areas have since been filled with clean dirt and are now used as wood storage areas.
During the years that Cabot Carbon operated (1945-1965), the plant generated about
6,000 gallons of crude wood oil and pitch each day. Workers discharged process
wastewater containing pine tar into unlined surface impoundments. A local developer
purchased the, land in 1966 and drained the contaminated ponds into a nearby wetland
and into Hogtown Creek. The land was sold again in 1977 to a different developer who-
began building a shopping complex. Construction workers mixed the remaining pine
tar sludges from the pond areas into the topsoil and built an unlined stormwater ';
retention pond over the old contamination site. Citizens soon noticed a dark-stained,
foul-smelling liquid seeping into an uncovered drainage ditch along N. Main Street
Gainesville's .population is 151,300, and about 2/3 of the city is drained by Hogtown
Creek. Approximately 2,000 people live within a 1/2-mile radius of the site, and there
are 11 schools within a 1-mile radius of the site.
Site Responsibility:
L\
This site is being addressed through
a combination of Federal, State, and
potentially responsible parties'
actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
Final Date: 09/01/84
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater is contaminated with arsenic; groundwater near the land
surface contains volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and creosote
compounds from the former process waste disposal practices. The soil "•;'
also is contaminated with creosote products; however, contaminants .*•'
were below levels that would pose adverse health effects. A trailer park
lies next to the contaminated ditch, and children play in that area. People
coming into direct contact with contaminated groundwater may be at risk.
Nearby wetlands may also be affected by contaminants from the site.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
21
continued
-------
CABOT/KOPPERS
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: an initial action and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
X* Initial Action: The initial action provides for the collection of up to 150,000
gallons of leachate per day from the N. Main Street ditch. This water is
pumped by the State from a lift station on the ditch to the Kanapha Sewage
Treatment Plant for treatment. Water quality data indicate that the leachate collection
and removal system has been effective in significantly removing contamination from
Hogtown Creek.
Entire Site: The Florida Department of Environmental Regulation (FDER)
began an intensive study of soil and groundwater contamination at the site
in 1984. In 1987, when the FDER ran out of funds, the EPA entered into a
Consent Order with the parties potentially responsible for the site contamination to
conduct an investigation of the site. This investigation will determine the nature and
extent of pollution problems at the site, including an EPA-conducted risk assessment,
and will recommend the best strategies for final cleanup. The study is slated for
completion in late 1990.
Site Facts: The FDER requested civil penalties, injunctive relief, and cost recovery in
its 1983 complaint against Cabot Corporation, but the court struck all motions except
cost recovery in 1984. The parties potentially responsible, Beazer Materials & Services
(formerly Koppers) and Cabot Corporation, are working under a Consent Order to
complete site studies of the contamination and to evaluate cleanup options. There is
much public concern about the extent of contamination, public exposure, and present
and future development of the site and surrounding property.
Environmental Progress
The leachate pumping system operated by the State has been effective in removing
much of the contamination from Hogtown Creek and the N. Main Street ditch, thereby
reducing the potential for exposure to hazardous materials for the surrounding
population. Further studies will indicate what technologies should be used for a
permanent cleanup of the Cabot/Koppers site.
22
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CECIL FIELD
NAVAL AIR SX
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD517002244
Site Description
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 03
Duval County
12 miles southwest of
downtown Jacksonville
The Naval Air Station (MAS). Cecil Field site is divided into three areas: NAS Cecil Field
(proper), the Yellow Water Weapons Department, and the Whitehouse Outlying
Landing Field.- Work in support of the base mission includes fuel storage and
transportation systems and intermediate,maintenance and repair of aircraft and
engines. Maintenance activities over the years generated a variety of materials that
were disposed of on the facility. These include: materials resulting from construction
activities; municipal solid waste and municipal wastewater treatment plant sludge; and
miscellaneous industrial wastes including waste oils or solvents, paints, and spilled
fuels. Current disposal practices are regularly surveyed for conformance with local.
State, and Federal regulations. Approximately 3,500 people live on base and 2,200
people live within a 1-mile radius of the base. Water is supplied to base residents from
wells that tap the Floridian Aquifer. Off-base residents receive water from private wells
that tap into the secondary artesian aquifer. The area surrounding the base contains
wetlands, rivers, streams, and agricultural land. All surface water within 3 miles
downstream of NAS Cecil Field waste sites are classified by the Florida Department of
Environmental Regulation (FDER) as Class III waters; they are for recreational use and
the propagation and management of fish and wildlife. Lake Fretwell is stocked with
bass for sport fishing and a recreational complex has been developed along its
northeastern shore. • •
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
IMPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 07/14/89
Threats and Contaminants
II
On-site groundwater near seven of the sources of contamination have
been found to have concentrations of heavy metals, solvents, paint
wastes, and trichloroethylene (TCE) from former waste disposal practices.
Solvents have been identified in surface and subsurface soils near the
known sources of contamination. Sediments from Rowell Creek, which is
dammed to form Lake Fretwell, contain methylene chloride and heavy
metals.. Shallow groundwater is used for irrigation and firefighting. The
potential exists for on-site contaminants to migrate into the groundwater
in both aquifers and into off-base private wells. If contaminated
groundwater should move off site, local residents could also be exposed
to contaminants that have bioaccumulated in produce or aquatic life.
Surface water located on the site that has shown contamination include:
Yellow Water Creek and its tributaries, Caldwell Branch, Sal Taylor Creek,
Rowell Creek, and Lake Fretwell.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
23
continued
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CECIL FIELD NAVAL AIR STATION
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of
the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The Navy has submitted a draft site cleanup plan, a Health and
Safety Plan, a Sampling and Analysis Plan, a Community Relations Plan and
a Site Management Plan to the EPA. Cleanup activities at the site will be
divided into several stages, and the Navy will begin cleanup work after the investigation
into cleanup alternatives is completed. The Navy plans to further investigate the
potential sources of contamination and the migration of hazardous contaminants at 10
of the 18 areas identified in the Initial Assessment Study (IAS). During the IAS
investigation, an additional area of potential contamination was discovered.
Site Facts: As part of the Installation Restoration Program (IRP), a program funded by
the Department of Defense (DOD) to identify, investigate, and control hazardous
wastes on military installations, the Navy conducted an IAS that identified the waste
disposal areas located throughout the base, including: landfills, rubble disposal areas,
waste oil pits, firefighting training areas, and ammunition disposal areas.
Environmental Progress
After proposing the NAS Cecil Field site to the NPL, the EPA conducted studies that
determined no immediate risks to public health or the environment presently exist
while studies into cleanup technologies are being conducted by the Navy.
24
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CHEM-FORM,
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD080174402
Site Description
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 14
Broward County
Pompano Beach
Jet engine parts were manufactured at the 4-acre Chem-Form, Inc. site from 1962 to
1985. The operations included the manufacturing of a high-tech drilling machine, which
involved the use of acids. In 1977, the Broward County Pollution Control Board found
the company in violation of regulations for the discharge of industrial wastes onto the
ground. In 1985, the EPA found the soil and groundwater contaminated with heavy
metals and other contaminants. The Biscayne Aquifer is underneath the site and
supplies all municipal water to Broward County. Four municipal wells are located within
3 miles of the site and serve approximately 93,000 people.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties'actions.
IMPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date:- 11/11/89
L\
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater and soil are contaminated with heavy metals including
chromium, nickel, and copper from former manufacturing processes.
People who are exposed to contaminated groundwater or soil through
drinking or touching them may be at risk. Numerous cavities in the
limestone underlying the site facilitate movement of contaminants into
the groundwater.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup
of the entire site.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
25
continued
-------
CHEM-FORM, INC.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The parties potentially responsible for site contamination are
conducting a study to determine the type and extent of the contamination.
Once the study is completed in 1991, alternatives for the cleanup will be
recommended. Cleanup activities may begin sooner, as the study workplan will be
reviewed for approval in 1990, and the site work may begin later the same year,
starting with soil screening activities.
Site Facts: In 1989, the EPA and the parties potentially responsible for the site
contamination signed an Administrative Order, requiring them to conduct a study of the
site. Chem-Form, Inc. is adjacent to Wilson Concepts of Florida, which is also on the
NPL
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and
determined that there were no immediate actions currently needed at the Chem-Form
site while further investigations continue and cleanup activities begin.
26
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CITY INDUS
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD055945653
Site Description
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 05
Orange County
Winter Park
Alias:
City Chemical
The City Industries site operated from 1971 to 1983 on a 1-acre parcel of land and was
involved in the receipt, handling, storage, reclamation, and disposal of a wide variety of
waste chemicals including solvents, paint/varnish wastes, plating wastes,
polychlorinated biphenyls (RGBs), and inks. The company abandoned the site in 1983,
informing the State that it lacked the resources to continue operations and leaving
approximately 1,200 drums and 12,000 gallons of unknown liquids and sludges in large
tanks. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were found in the shallow aquifer beneath
the site. Approximately 120,000 people live within 3 miles of the site. The nearest
residence is 1 mile away. Within 3 miles of the site are schools, nursing homes, and
hospitals. Municipal wells are located 1/4 mile upgradientoi the site in the deeper
Floridian aquifer.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 10/04/89
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater and surface water are contaminated with VOCs from
former waste disposal practices. The soils are contaminated with VOCs,
phthalates, and various heavy metals. People who touch or drink
contaminated surface water or groundwater may be at risk. The shallow
aquifer beneath the site is contaminated and the contaminant plume may
potentially migrate to the Floridian aquifer. The risk posed by the
contaminated soil has been reduced to an acceptable range as a result of
soil removal activity.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
27
continued
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CITY INDUSTRIES
Response Action Status
I"""" Immediate Actions: In 1983, the State crushed and removed 41 tons of.
drums and disposed of 65 truck and tanker loads of contaminants at an
EPA-approved facility. In 1984, the EPA emptied, cut open, and cleaned the
holding tanks. Approximately 1,700 tons of contaminated soil were incinerated to
remove the contaminants. The treated soil remains on the site.
Entire Site: The remedy chosen by the EPA to clean up the site includes
extracting the groundwater and then air stripping and discharging it to a
local Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTW). If the POTW does not
agree to accept the discharge, the EPA will implement its contingency
alternative, which includes treating the extracted groundwater by aeration, filtration,
precipitation, and carbon adsorption followed by surface water discharge.
Site Facts: In 1984, the EPA issued an Administrative Orderto City Industries
requiring cleanup of the site; the company ignored the order. Also in 1984, the State
filed a civil complaint against the land owner, operator, and four companies associated
with the operator. The EPA is about to begin negotiations with the parties potentially
responsible for the contamination of the site to develop the technical specifications and
engineering design for cleaning up the site.
Environmental Progress
The removal of solid waste and treatment of soil have greatly reduced the potential for
exposure to hazardous materials at the City Industries site. This has helped protect the
public health and the environment while further investigations and cleanup activities
take place.
28
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COLEMAN-EVANS WOOD
PRESERVING
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD991279894
Site Description
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 03
Duval County
Whltehouse,
8 miles west of Jacksonville
The Coleman-Evans Wood Preserving Company site is an active wood preserving
facility located in a residential and light industrial area of Whitehouse. The site covers
11 acres and consists of two distinct areas: the western portion, which contains a
wood treating facility, and the eastern portion, which consists of a landfill and has been
used to dispose of wood chips and other wastes. Since 1954, Coleman-Evans
produced wood products that contain pentachlorophenol (PCP). Wastes from this
process were discharged into an on-site drainage ditch and into two unlined sludge
disposal pits. Contamination was discovered in the groundwater in the area in 1980.
As a result, the facility constructed a treatment system to clean the groundwater.
Approximately 1,000 people reside within a 1-mile radius of the site. This heavily
populated residential area is not connected to a municipal water supply; therefore, the
area residents depend on private wells for their drinking water. There are
approximately 180 wells within a 1-mile radius of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
a combination of Federal, State, and
potentially responsible parties'
actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/81
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
Shallow groundwater in the residential area adjacent to the site is
contaminated with PCP, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including
phenol and toluene, and heavy metals including chromium and lead from
former process wastes. Sediments are contaminated with PCP, and the
soil is contaminated with heavy metals, PCP, oil, and grease. Area
residents are at risk if direct contact is made with contaminated soil or if
contaminated groundwater from the shallow aquifer is accidentally
ingested. Risks from groundwater have been reduced by provision of
alternative water to residents whose water supply was contaminated.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
29
continued
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COLEMAN-EVANS WOOD PRESERVING CO.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1985, the EPA provided the residents whose water
was contaminated with an alternate source of water. The soils in the on-
site waste pits were sampled, excavated, and disposed. The water and oil
that have been filtering into the excavated pits were sampled and treated, and the pit
was backfilled to the original grade with clean fill dirt. . . .'
Entire Site: The soils and sediments in which the PCP levels exceed
human health standards will be removed and incinerated on site by the
EPA. The soil that is not contaminated with PCP will be backfilled on site.
Groundwater recovery will be treated by dewatering to ease removal and to
treat groundwater with high concentrations of PCP. Recovered groundwater will be
stored and analyzed. If the PCP levels exceed the determined amount, groundwater
will be treated on site by carbon adsorption before being discharged to the surface
water by way of the drainage ditch. After the EPA's treatability studies were
completed, it was decided that solidification and bioremediation would be considered
as remedies for soil and sediment cleanup. Design of these technologies is scheduled
to begin in 1990.
Site Facts: On October 15, 1984, the State of Florida issued an Administrative
Consent Order to Coleman-Evans Wood Co. to clean up the site. In 1980, complaints
of taste and odor problems in nearby private water wells led to investigations by state
and local officials.
Environmental Progress
The provision of a safe drinking water supply and the removal of contaminated soils
have reduced the potential for exposure to contaminated materials at the Coleman-
Evans Wood Preservation Co. site while permanent cleanup activities are being
conducted.
30
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DAVIE LANDK
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD980602288
Site Description
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 16
Broward County
10 miles southwest of Fort Lauderdale
Alias:
Broward County Solid Waste
Disposal Facility
The Davie Landfill site consists of an 80-acre trash landfill, a 30-acre sanitary landfill and
an 8-acre sludge lagoon, near the intersection of Orange Drive and Boy Scout Road.
The facility began operation in 1964, accepting trash and ash from the County's
adjacent garbage incinerator, and ceased landfilling activities in 1987 when the facility
reached its design capacity. The solid waste landfill was used to dispose of the
municipal solid waste being incinerated at the on-site incinerator. Construction debris,
tires, and other wastes that could not be incinerated were also placed in the solid
waste landfill. The sludge lagoon was.constructed in 1971 in an unltned natural
depression on site to accept grease trap pump-outs and septic tank and treated
municipal sludges. The lagoon has overflowed on several occasions, resulting in
surface water discharges to an adjacent borrow pit. The sludge lagoon was closed in
1981. The incinerator was closed in 1975 because the excessive paniculate emissions,
failed to meet new air regulations. The sanitary landfill was opened to replace the
closed incinerator. Dairy farms, ranches, and horse stables are located in the vicinity of
the site. Approximately 50 homes are located south of the site; the nearest residence
is 1/2 mile away. All municipal water supplies in the area receive water drawn from the
Biscayne Aquifer. The aquifer is the sole source of potable water for about 10 000
residents in the area.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
a combination of Federal, State, and
County actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/81
Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater and the water in the borrow pits on site and
downgmdient of the site show elevated levels of sulfate, chloride, lead,
and ammonia. Benzene, vinyl chloride, and other compounds have been
detected in monitoring wells and private wells south of the landfill.
Sludge from the lagoon was found to contain cyanide.and sulfides.
Potential health threats include accidental ingestion, inhalation, and direct
contact with contaminated soil, groundwater, surface water, and
sediments. The site is fenced, and access to the site is restricted.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
31
continued
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DAVIE LANDFILL
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of
the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The State required the County to provide service connections to
the municipal water supply system for each affected residence near the site.
The County offered residents bottled water until the water lines were
functional. The alternate water supply is now in place. Cleanup technologies
chosen to address sludge lagoon contamination include dewatering and stabilization of
the sludge lagoon contents, placement of treated sludge lagoon contents in a lined
sanitary landfill cell, and installation of an approved cover on the cell. The County
initiated site construction on the sludge lagoon in 1989, and cleanup activities are
completed. Studies are continuing to determine whether the actions taken were
sufficient to clean up the groundwater.
Site^Facts: Area residents have been concerned about drinking water because the
water quality is poor in the area. The raw water is discolored and has high levels of
hydrogen sulfide and iron.
Environmental Progress
The provision of an alternate water supply and completion of the cleanup activities have
reduced the danger of exposure to contamination while the County and the EPA are
conducting further studies into the effectiveness of the cleanup technologies at the
Davie Landfill site.
32
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DUBOSE OIL PRODUCTS
COMPANY
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD000833368
Site Description
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 01
Escambia County
Cantonment, 10 miles north of Pensacola
The 20-acre Dubose Oil Products site consists of a process facility and three bermed
ponds. The site was an oil recovery facility that operated from 1979 through 1981.
Waste materials handled on the site included waste oils, petroleum refining waste,
wood treatment process waste, spent solvents, spent "pickle liquors," and various
paint wastes. These materials initially came to the site in bulk tanker trailers and drums.
and then were stored in a treatment tank prior to processing. Spent solvent and
process wastes from petroleum refining and wood treatment operations were
transported to the facility in 55-gallon drums. Analysis of samples taken from the site,
indicate the presence of numerous volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The site
ceased operations in 1982. Dubose sold some drums and crushed, stacked, and then
buried a number of these drums on the site. This is a rural residential area with some
agricultural and forest land nearby. Approximately 2,400 people live within 3 miles.
The nearest residents live adjacent to the site. A low-lying area that forms the *-•
headwaters of Jack Branch, a tributary of the Perdido River, is located along the
northern edge of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties'actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/01/86
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater and soils are contaminated with low levels of VOCs and
heavy metals including manganese, iron, and aluminum from former
process wastes. Iron naturally occurs in the water in the area. Residents
. in the immediate area are provided with city water supplies, which are not
threatened by contaminated groundwater. However, in the future,
groundwater contaminants could migrateto a nearby sand and gravel
agu/ferthat is the source of drinking water in the area.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
33
continued
-------
DUBOSE OIL PRODUCTS COMPANY
Response Action Status
IX* Immediate Actions: In 1984 and 1985, the Florida Department of
Environmental Regulation (FDER) excavated 40,000 cubic yards of
„ contaminated soil and placed it in a lined vault on site to prevent further
contamination of the groundwater. Contaminated leachate from the vault is being
treated and discharged into the North Pond.
Entire Site: The parties potentially responsible for the site contamination
formed a steering committee to jointly perform a study determining the
type and extent of contamination at the site and to define the alternative
, technologies available for cleanup. In 1990, the EPA selected final
remedies for site cleanup and has initiated negotiations for the engineering design of
the cleanup remedy and the actual cleanup activities.
Site Facts: The State and the parties potentially responsible for site contamination
have signed a Consent Order whereby these parties will perform the initial studies to
determine the extent of site contamination and the alternative technologies for cleaning
up the site. The public is concerned that the dam holding the North Pond, which is not
well built, will break and that the pond will subsequently flood the downstream areas.
Environmental Progress
Provision of an alternate water supply and the containment of soil have greatly reduced
the potential for exposure to contaminants and the further spread of these
contaminants at the Dubose Oil Products Company site while further cleanup activities
are planned.
34
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FLORIDA STEEL
CORPORATION
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD050432251
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 12
Martin County
2 miles northwest of Indiantown
Site Description
The 150-acre Florida Steel Corporation site is a former steel mill that operated from
1970 to 1982, when it closed for economic reasons. During its operation, casting and
rolling were performed at extremely high temperatures. Subsequently, equipment and
motors were cooled by water, which picked up iron oxide and small particles from the
hot steel and collected excess lubricating oils and hydraulic fluid. The cooling water
was captured by concrete drains and sumps and then piped to a Concrete Recirculating
Reservoir (CRR) where the iron oxide particles and dense oils settled out. The floating
oil that resulted from this process was subsequently removed by an oil skimmer. In
addition to the steel products, three types of by-products were associated with the
Indiantown Mill: (1) mill scale, the oxidized iron that separated from the hot steel as it
was cooled with water sprays, (2) slag, low grade ore formed when lime was
introduced as a flux into the furnace to remove impurities, and (3) Emission Control (EC)
dust, the fine particles generated as the high temperatures of the electric arc furnace
drove off and oxidized some of the iron and most of the other volatile metals contained
in the scrap. Some of the EC dust was spread over the facility's roads, and 75,000
cubic yards were deposited on the southern portion of the site in waste piles. Florida
Steel began to collect EC dust in three baghouses and transported it to a chemical plant
in South Carolina for recovery of lead and zinc in 1980. The site was placed on the NPL
in 1982 when the EPA found high levels of arsenic, cadmium, and lead in the EC dust
and groundwater. In addition, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were found at various
locations on the site. Approximately 4,800 people live within a 2-mile radius of the site.
The Indiantown public water supply comes from a group of shallow wells located within
3 miles of the site. Swamp and unimproved land owned by the Seaboard Coast Line
Railroad adjoins three sides of the property.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Final Date: 12/01/82
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
35
continued
-------
FLORIDA STEEL CORPORATION
T\
Threats and Contaminants
Heavy metals including arsenic, cadmium, and lead from former plant
processes exist in the on-site EC dust that has become airborne. The
groundwater is contaminated with sodium chloride; heavy metals
including lead, cadmium, and iron; and radioactive materials including
radium and barium. On-site surface soils and solid wastes located in the
CRR are contaminated by PCBs. Area residents could be exposed to
contaminants in their drinking water. Other potential health threats
include inhaling and coming into direct contact with airborne EC dust. The
potential exists for contaminants in the groundwater to move into surface
water that is used for irrigation, making it possible for residents to be
exposed to contaminants found in locally grown crops. Swamps located
adjacent to the site are threatened by contamination migrating from the
site. .
Cleanup Approach — '-
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
X" Immediate Actions: The EPA removed an area of on-site soil containing
EC dust that was contaminated with PCBs in 1985. The PCB-contaminated
soils were treated by incineration on site.
Entire Site: In 1987, the parties potentially responsible for site
contamination began an investigation to determine the best ways to clean
up the site. This investigation is still under way. An interim report was
received by the EPA for review. The potentially responsible parties also conducted
additional groundwater sampling in 1990. The EPA is currently waiting for the analytical
results of these additional tests.
Site Facts: Negotiations with the parties potentially responsible for site contamination
were concluded in 1987. As a result, these parties initiated an investigation to
characterize site contamination.
Environmental Progress
The removal and treatment of soil has greatly reduced the potential for exposure to
hazardous materials and has controlled the migration of contaminants from the site
while further investigations and cleanup activities take place at the Florida Steel
Company.
36
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GOLD COAST
CORPORATION
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD071307680
REGIOIV 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 16
Dade County
Miami
Site Description
Gold Coast Oil Corporation operated a solvent reclaiming facility and bulk storage area
on a 2-acre site leased from the Seaboard Coast Line Railroad from 1971 to 1982.
Wastes generated by the recovery process were sprayed directly on the ground or
stored in drums on site. In 1982, Seaboard removed approximately 2,500 drums, 5
tanker loads of liquid waste from bulk storage tanks, and 40 loads of contaminated soil
from the site to an approved facility. The groundwater is contaminated and is part of
the Biscayne Aquifer, the principal drinking water source for this part of Florida. The
area surrounding the facility is primarily industrial. The majority of the residents within a
3-mile radius of the site are served by two public water supply wells fields that are not
affected by the contamination at the site. The site currently is inactive and is fenced
with a locking gate.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/81
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
including methylene chloride from the former solvent recovery activities.
The soil is contaminated with VOCs, as well as lead. Trespassers who
accidentally touch or ingest contaminated groundwater or soil on the site
may be at risk. The residents in the area obtain drinking water from
municipal wells not affected by this site; however, the groundwater
plume may migrate to these wells. This site is one of many contributors,
to the overall contamination of the Biscayne Aquifer. A treatment system
has been installed at the public water supply plants to remove heavy
metals and VOCs before water enters the distribution system.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
37
continued
-------
GOLD COAST OIL CORPORATION
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: an initial action and a long-term remedial
phase directed at cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Initial Action: Early actions, undertaken by Seaboard in 1982, have
removed contaminated materials and soils from the site.
Entire site: In 1987, the EPA selected a remedy to clean up the site that
included excavating and removing soil and sludges to a federally approved
facility; recovering the contaminated groundwater and treating it before
discharging it; and removing and disposing of storage tanks and various
structures and debris on the site. A system for treating the contaminated groundwater
is currently being installed. All cleanup activities are expected to be completed in 1993.
Site Facts: In 1982, Seaboard Coast Line Railroad evicted Gold Coast Oil from the
property and volunteered to clean up the site.
Environmental Progress
By removing contaminated soil and other materials and installing a groundwater
treatment system, the EPA and the parties potentially responsible for the site
contamination have made substantial progress toward final cleanup of the Gold Coast
Oil Corporation site. Ongoing soil and sludge cleanup, as well as groundwater
treatment, continue to reduce contamination levels at the site.
38
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HARRIS CORPORATION/
PALM BAY
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD000602334
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 11
Brevard County
Palm Bay
Aliases:
Harris Semiconductor
Harris Building 10O
Site Description
The Harris Corporation site covers 345 acres, and General Development Utilities, Inc.
(GDU) occupies part of the site. Harris manufactures a wide variety of electronic
devices and components, while GDU provides drinking water and manages the
wastewater collection, treatment, and disposal system for much of Palm Bay. GDU's
well field consists of 25 producing wells and is located adjacent to and downgradient
from the Harris facility. The EPA found the wells to be contaminated, although the
precise origin and cause of the contamination is not known. GDU provides
approximately 33,000 residents of Palm Bay with drinking water. Approximately 27,500
people live within 3 miles of the site. Also included within the 3-mile radius are
schools, nursing homes, hospitals, and a park.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 04/01/85
Final Date: 07/01/87
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with various volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) and heayy metals including chromium and lead from
former process waste disposal practices. People who are exposed to the
contaminated groundwater may be at risk.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in three stages: immediate actions and two long-term
remedial phases focusing on groundwater treatment and surface water and sediments
treatment.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
39
continued
-------
HARRIS CORPORATION/PALM BAY FACILITY
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: One well at GDU has been taken out of service.
Harris operates an extraction/treatment system, with the effluent used as
process water. This process water is treated and then injected into a deep
well. Harris also paid for an air stripper at GDU for the treatment of water from seven
production wells.
Groundwater Treatment: The remedy preferred by the EPA to clean the
groundwater includes pumping the water and removing contaminants by air
stripping. The contaminants removed are further treated before being
released into the atmosphere. The EPA's final decision is expected in 1990. Harris
installed a groundwater system in 1985. According to tests conducted in 1988,
groundwater contamination has already been reduced, and this treatment is expected
to continue until 1992.
Surface Water and Sediments Treatment: The EPA will monitor a study
of the type and extent of surface water and sediment contamination. Once
the study is finished in 1992, alternatives for cleanup will be recommended.
Site Facts: In 1983, the State and Harris Corporation signed a Consent Agreement for
Harris to develop a groundwater restoration system.
Environmental Progress
The groundwater treatment facility continues to reduce the potential for exposure to
hazardous substances at the Harris Corporation/Palm Bay Facility and is protecting the
public water supply while further investigations take place.
40
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HIPPS ROAD LANDFILL
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD980709802
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 03
Duval County
Jacksonville Heights
Site Description
The Hipps Road Landfill site covers 14 1/2 acres in what was once a cypress swamp.
The site area includes the landfill and an adjacent pond. During the 1960s, the facility
accepted municipal and industrial wastes. The landfill ceased operations in 1970, was
covered with a layer of soil, and was sold in residential lots. Concerns were first
reported in the early 1970s, when a pond adjacent to the landfill developed a thick,
smelly film, and fish and nearby vegetation died. The area residents depended
exclusively on private wells for water until tests in 1983 showed contamination.
Residents were given bottled water until the City extended the municipal water
system. A residential area of about 150 homes surrounds the site. The landfill is
situated above the floodplain. Surface water is used for swimming, boating, and
fishing.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
a combination of Federal, State, and
potentially responsible parties'
actions.
ISIPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/08/83
Final Date: 09/01/84
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
including vinyl chloride and benzene, as well as heavy metals including
lead from former waste disposal practices.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: an immediate action and a long-term
remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
41
continued
-------
HIPPS ROAD LANDFILL
Response Action Status
Immediate Action: In 1985, the EPA connected residences in the area to
the municipal water line.
Entire Site: In 1986, the EPA selected a remedy to clean up the site,
which includes recovering the groundwater and treating it at the local
public works treatment plant and properly closing the landfill. A second
aspect of the site cleanup plan, the landfill cover system, was completed
by Waste Control, Inc. in 1989. An inspection of the cover system will take place in
1990. Waste Control, Inc., the party potentially responsible for site contamination, is
also preparing the technical specifications and design for groundwater cleanup. Once
the design phase is completed in 1990, the cleanup will begin. The groundwater
recovery system design is anticipated to be completed in 1990. Monitoring activities to
ensure that the remedies have effectively cleaned the site are scheduled to continue
for 20 years using funds provided by the State of Florida.
Site Facts: In 1989, Waste Control, Inc. and the EPA entered into a Consent Decree.
Waste Control, Inc. agreed to design the landfill cover system and the groundwater
recovery system; they have completed the landfill closure. The EPA will construct and
implement the groundwater recovery system and will monitor the effectiveness of the
landfill cover system.
Environmental Progress
By providing an alternate water supply to nearby residents and covering the landfill, the
EPA and the potentially responsible party have eliminated immediate hazards at the
Hipps Road Landfill site while further investigations and cleanup activities continue.
The completed landfill cover has also reduced the potential for exposure to hazardous
materials and prevented the further spread of contaminants to the groundwater.
42
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HOLLINGSWORTH
SOLDERLESS
TERMINAL CO.
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD004119681
Site Description
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 15
Broward County
Fort Lauderdale
The Holiingsworth Solderless Terminal Co. site is located on 3 1/2 acres in an industrial
and residential area of Ft. Lauderdale. The plant was in operation from 1968 to 1982 as
a solderless terminal manufacturing facility. The manufacturing process included using
molten salt baths, decreasing parts, and electroplating. The wash and process waters,
which contained varying concentrations of trichloroethylene (TCE) and heavy metals,
were disposed of in on-site drainfields, by surface discharges, and in a 100-foot-deep
injection well. In addition, wastes periodically entered the ground through spillage or
other smaller drainfields. Several communities in the vicinity of the site draw water
from the shallow Biscayne Aquifer. The nearest residential area is located
approximately 200 feet southeast of the site.
site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/81
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including vinyl chloride from former
process wastes, have been detected in some of the monitoring wells on
the site. VOCs and heavy metals including copper and tin have been
detected in the soil. Potential health risks may exist for individuals who
consume, make direct skin contact with, or inhale VOCs from the
contaminated groundwater or soil.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
43
continued
-------
HOLLINGSWORTH SOLDERLESS TERMINAL CO.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1982, Hollingsworth took several steps to
determine the extent of contamination at the site. The company pumped
the injection well, installed 16 on-site monitoring wells, sampled soil,
conducted a groundwater gradient study, and sampled public wells. In 1987, the EPA
excavated the old drainfields, exposed contaminated soil to air to allow contaminants to
evaporate, and replaced the cleaned soil in the drainfields.
Entire Site: The approved cleanup plan for the site includes: excavation,
aeration, and on-site replacement of VOC-contaminated soils; and recovery
of contaminated groundwater from the sand zones of the aquifer, with
treatment and reinjection into the aquifer. Final negotiations for the
cleanup work are under way. "
Site Facts: Cost recovery negotiations with the parties potentially responsible for the
site contamination are under way.
Environmental Progress
The pumping of the well and evaporation of contaminants have reduced the potential
for exposure to hazardous materials at the facility or through the public water supply
while the planned cleanup activities are being negotiated.
44
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HOMESTEAD
FORCE BASE
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FL7570024037
Site Description
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 19
Bade County
25 miles southwest of Miami
The Homestead Air Force Base (AFB) site lies approximately 2 miles westof Biscayne
Bay. The surrounding area is semi-rural, and most of the base borders on agricultural
land. Work to support the base mission includes fuel storage (JP-4, gasoline, diesel,
heating oil), transportation systems, and various maintenance shops. These activities
have resulted in waste materials being discharged into the environment, including
petroleum hydrocarbon fuels, solvents, pesticides, and heavy metals. Current disposal
practices are regularly surveyed for conformance with local. State, and Federal
regulations. The base is surrounded by a canal that discharges into Military Canal and,
ultimately, into Biscayne Bay. An estimated 1,600 people obtain drinking water from
the Biscayne Aquifer and 18,000 acres of farmland within 3 miles of the site are
irrigated from wells. The aquifer, which underlies the site, is the sole source of potable
water in the area.
site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 07/14/89
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with petroleum from former disposal
practices. The canals surrounding Homestead AFB are probably
hyraulically connected with the aquifer, and contaminants have discharged
into surface waters. Potential health risks may exist for individuals who
come in direct contact with or drink contaminated groundwater.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup at
the entire site.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
45
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HOMESTEAD AIR FORCE BASE
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The Air Force has been conducting various studies at the site,
and actions are currently proceeding at one petroleum site. A thorough
study of the entire site is scheduled to be conducted in 1990 to determine
the extent of contamination on site and to identify alternative technologies for the
cleanup.
Site Facts: Homestead AFB is participating in the Installation Restoration Program
(IRP). Under this program, established in 1978, the Department of Defense (DOD)
seeks to identify, investigate, and to clean up contamination from hazardous materials
at various military and DOD installations.
Environmental Progress
After proposing this site to the NPL, the EPA and the U.S. Air Force performed
preliminary site investigations and determined that there were no immediate actions
currently necessary at the Homestead Air Force Base while further investigations,and
cleanup activities take place.
A
46
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JACKSONVILLE?
NAVAL AIR STATJ
FLORIDA
EPAID# FL6170024412
Site Description
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 03
Duval County
9 miles south of Jacksonville
The Jacksonville Naval Air Station (MAS) site is approximately 9 miles south of
downtown Jacksonville. The mission of MAS Jacksonville is to, provide facilities,
services, and managerial support for the operation and maintenance of naval weapons
and aircraft as designated by the Chief of Naval Operations. Work in support of the
base mission includes fuel storage for the transportation systems and the overhaul,
intermediate maintenance, and repair of aircraft and engines. Maintenance activities at
NAS Jacksonville over the years generated a variety of materials, some of which were
disposed of in a landfill on the base. These materials include wastes resulting from
construction activities; municipal solid waste and municipal wastewater treatment plant
sludge; and miscellaneous industrial wastes, including waste oils or solvents, paints,
radium paint waste, wastewaters containing heavy metals, and spilled fuels. Current
disposal practices are regulated for conformance with local, State, and Federal
regulations. Three aquifers underlie the NAS Jacksonville Site: the Surficial, the
Intermediate, and the Floridian. Drinking water is supplied to the base via wells that tap
the Floridian Aquifer. Off-base residents use the Intermediate aquifer as a drinking
water source. Approximately 300 people draw drinking water from private wells in
shallow groundwater within 3 miles of the Naval Air Station.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 07/14/89
Final Date: 11/21/89
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
47
continued
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JACKSONVILLE NAVAL AIR STATION
Threats and Contaminants
The Navy found volatile organic compounds (VOCs), polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs), and heavy metals including cadmium, chromium; and-
lead in soils and the shallow groundwater near the potential sources of
contamination. The Navy also found lead, chromium, and cadmium in the
St. Johns River. There is no potential for direct contact with contaminants
because on-base housing is located adjacent to a capped landfill. Several
creeks and two small lakes are on the site. The St. Johns River is
classified by the Florida Department of Environmental Regulation as Class
III waters; it is used for recreation, and the propagation and management
of fish and wildlife. The St. Johns River has a potential for contamination
from glass beads used in aircraft paint stripping that were disposed of in
the river. The station encompasses freshwater wetlands and critical
habitats for the Florida manatee and the bald eagle, both designated as
endangered species by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase directed at cleanup of
the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The Navy had taken interim measures to control oil and
solvents runoff from the old main dump into the St. Johns River; however,
the system is no longer operating. The Navy plans further investigations of
releases of hazardous substances and their migration and is currently
preparing a work plan to investigate potential sources of contamination. These
investigations will reveal the nature and extent of the contamination problems at the
station and will recommend the best strategies for final cleanup.
Site Facts: The Jacksonville Naval Air Station site is being addressed through a Federal
Facility Agreement and the Installation Restoration Program (IRP), a specially funded
program under the Department of Defense (DOD). The program is designed to
identify, evaluate, and control hazardous wastes on military or other DOD installations.
Environmental Progress
After adding the Jacksonville NAS site to the NPL, the EPA evaluated conditions authe
site and determined that the contaminated areas do not present an immediate threat to
human health or the environment while investigations into a permanent remedy are
being conducted.
48
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KASSOUF-KIMM
BATTERY DIS
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD980727820
Site Description
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 07
Hillsborough County
Tampa
Aliases:
Timberlake Battery Disposal
58th Street Landfill
The Kassouf-Kimmerling Battery Disposal site includes a 1-acre landfill and a 4-acre
wetland located in Tampa. Before 1978, this site was mined for peat, but in 1978,
excavations in the marsh were filled 6 to 1-2 feet deep with lead battery casings and fill
dirt that is now covered with a layer of soil. The site is bounded on the east and west
by freshwater marshland. Water flows from the western to the eastern marsh via a
canal across the landfill; a large lake lies to the north. The immediate area of the landfill
is uninhabited and is bordered on three sides by dense plant growth. Approximately
1,500 wells are located within a 3-mile radius, although sampling has detected no well
contamination off the site. The population of the surrounding neighborhood is about
5,500. The area to the south of the site is commercial and residential, with several
churches, a school, restaurants, offices, and a currently inactive fish farm nearby.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
a combination of Federal, State, and
potentially responsible parties'
actions.
IMPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/81
Final Date: 09/01/83
— Threats and Contaminants—
Groundwater, soil, and surface water on the site are contaminated with
heavy metals including lead, cadmium, and arsenic from former waste
disposal activities. Off-site contamination is restricted to some lead in
surface water and sediments. People exposed to site contaminants over
a long period of time could face health threats. The site is incompletely
fenced, and trespassing is evident.
Cleanup Approach — — —
The site is being addressed in two long-term remedial phases focusing on source
control and cleanup of the marsh area.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
49
continued
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KASSOUF-KIMMERLENG BATTERY DISPOSAL
Response Action Status
Source Control: The EPA selected a remedy for source control at this site
in 1989, which includes: (1) excavating the landfill wastes and
contaminated underlying soils; (2) solidifying them and applying chemical
fixation; (3) disposing of them on site in the landfill area. The EPA and the
State plan to have a remedial design completed by mid-1990.
Marsh: The EPA arrived at a decision for cleanup of the contaminated
marsh in the spring of 1990. The EPA plans to remove the marsh sediment
within 20 feet of the battery landfill to a depth of 2 feet below the sediment
surface and to remove the sediments from the canal east of the site extending 150 feet
from the battery landfill to a depth of 2 feet. Approximately 1,500 cubic yards of
contaminated sediments will be excavated from the marsh. The excavated sediments
will be treated using a solidification and stabilization technology and will be placed with
the solidified landfill materials. The remainder of the marsh sediments will remain on
site because removing the contaminated material may cause contaminants to migrate.
Site Facts: In 1983, the EPA issued an order requiring the potentially responsible
parties to monitor the groundwater and surface water, perform analysis of the battery
fill material, and general soil sampling. The monitoring was conducted by the parties
potentially responsible for the site contamination. Currently, the EPA is negotiating
with the potentially responsible parties to complete the engineering design and
activities for the contamination source cleanup.
Environmental Progress
After preliminary investigations, the EPA determined that the Kassouf-Kimmerling
Battery Disposal site does not currently pose an immediate threat to public health or
the environment while studies are being conducted and the final cleanup activities are
started.
50
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MADISON COUN3P
SANITARY LANDEH3?
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD981019235
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 02
Madison County
Northeast of Madison
Site Description
The Madison County Landfill is a 133-acre site northeast of Madison that was owned
and operated by the City of Madison from 1971 until 1980. During that time, ITT
Thompson Industries, Inc. disposed of drums and waste containing trichloroethylene
(TCE) and other compounds. The County bought the landfill in 1980 and has been
operating it since then. The landfill is licensed by the State to accept municipal solid
waste. In 1984, the County found TCE in monitoring wells on the site and in private
wells nearby. An estimated 95 private wells and 3 city wells are within 3 miles of the
site. Contamination of these wells threatens the drinking water supply of 4,400 people.
site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Threats and Contaminants
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including TCE from former waste
disposal practices, were detected in on-site monitoring wells and private
wells near the site. Similar contaminants have been identified in the soils
surrounding the landfill area. Drinking contaminated groundwater poses a
health risk to those using nearby wells.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: initial actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
51
continued
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MADISON COUNTY SANITARY LANDFILL
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: The Florida Department of Environmental Regulation
(FDER) removed a number of drums from one location where ITT
Thompson's drums had been buried. Drums were removed from a second
area in 1985. All materials were transported to an EPA-approved hazardous waste
facility. When private wells were found to be contaminated, the County, and later ITT
Thompson, provided bottled water and ice to affected families. In addition, the City,
County, and ITT Thompson installed water filtering systems at these homes.
Entire Site: In mid-1990, under EPA guidance, the parties potentially
responsible for the site contamination will undertake an extensive study of
the site's pollution problems. This investigation will analyze the nature and
extent of groundwater and soil contamination and will suggest the best alternatives for
final cleanup. It is scheduled for completion in early 1992.
Site Facts: In February 1986, the FDER entered into a Consent Agreement with the
City, County, and ITT Thompson requiring them to investigate groundwater
contamination near the site.
Environmental Progress
The drum removal and the provision of an alternate drinking water supply have reduced
the potential for exposure to contaminated substances at the Madison County Landfill
site or through contaminated groundwater while investigations into the final cleanup
strategies are being conducted.
52
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MIAMI DRUM
SERVICES
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD076027820
Site Description
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 16
Dade County
Miami
Alias:
Biscayne Aquifer
Miami Drum Services recycled drums for 15 years on this 1-acre site in a predominantly
industrial area of Miami. While the company was in operation, as many as 5,000 drums
of various chemical wastes including corrosives, solvents, phenols, and toxic metals
were observed on the site. Surface spills and percolation of contaminated wastewater
have saturated the soil at the facility. The Biscayne Aquifer, which underlies the site, is
contaminated with various toxic organic solvents and heavy metals. The site is about
750 feet from the Medley Well Field, which extracts drinking water from the Biscayne
Aquifer during peak demand periods. Groundwater is less than 3 feet below the
surface. Dade County obtained a court order to close the facility in 1981. The property,
now owned by the County, was to become part of its new mass transit system. The
EPA gave Dade County the funds to clean up the site, and the County recommended
excavation and off-site disposal of contaminated soil, timed to meet its construction
schedule. This site, along with the Northwest 58th Street Lahdfilland the Varsol Spill
Site, have been studied together as the "Biscayne Aquifer Sites." Proposed on the
NPL as a unit, they were considered to be a serious potential threat to regional water
supply. The three sites were eventually listed on the N PL as individual sites.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
a combination of Federal, State,
County, and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/81
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater contains volatile organic compounds (VOCs), primarily vinyl
chloride from former waste disposal activities. On-site soils are
contaminated with phenols, heavy metals, oil and grease, pesticides, and
other materials from the drum-cleaning operation.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
53
continued
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MIAMI DRUM SERVICES
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of
the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The EPA formally selected the remedies for this site in 1982
and 1985. Cleanup was separated into two phases: source control and
groundwater cleanup. Source Control: The EPA accepted the source control
strategy proposed by Dade County in 1981. The County mobilized its
transportation funds to speed up cleanup activities, and by early 1982, 8,500 cubic
yards of contaminated soil had been removed to an off-site disposal facility and almost
a million gallons of groundwater were pumped and treated. Later in 1982, the EPA
funded the County's cleanup actions and a more intensive study of how contaminated
groundwater was moving from the site. The 1982 cleanup activities were adequate to
control the source of contaminants, and the site is now a railroad yard for the County
Transit Authority. Groundwater: The remedy selected in 1985 was to add air strippers
at two water treatment plants. This technology evaporates volatile contaminants out of
the water. The State undertook the engineering design for groundwater cleanup and
finished it in 1987. The actual cleanup activities were delayed because the State
declined to conduct them, but the EPA negotiated a Cooperative Agreement with the
local government and a contract for assurances with the State. Construction is
expected to be completed by late 1991.
Site Facts: Dade County filed suit against the former owner in 1981, seeking recovery
of all funds spent for site cleanup, compensatory damages for harm to natural
resources, and punitive damages. The EPA filed a cost recovery action. The parties
potentially responsible for the contamination settled in 1988 on source control action.
Historic preservationists were concerned that the air strippers proposed for cleaning up
the groundwater would block the view of the historic Hialeah Water Treatment Plant,
but a compromise solved the problem.
Environmental Progress
The cleanup activities at the Miami Drum Services site have been successful in
controlling the source of contaminants, and efforts are being focused on treatment of
the groundwater. The EPA has determined that the site does not presently pose an
immediate threat to public health or the environment while further actions are being
planned to permanently clean up the contaminated groundwater.
A
54
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MUNISPORT
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD084535442
Site Description
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 17
Da.de County
North Miami
The Munisport Landfill is a 291-acre, inactive facility. A developer leased the land from
the City of North Miami and filled low-lying areas with clean fill and construction debris.
By 1974, the landfill was accepting municipal refuse. Between 1972 and 1981, its
operators piled several million cubic yards of solid waste 40 feet high, and the facility
was eventually shut down for improper disposal practices. The site's operators created
eight deep lakes on the site when they excavated the refuse and used debris to cover
the piles. Disposal records show that the site accepted domestic garbage, yard refuse,
construction debris, and hospital pathological wastes. Three major sampling and
monitoring efforts were mounted in the 1980s by the EPA and the City of North Miami.
The site is bounded by major roads, Florida International University, and a mangrove
swamp, which separates the site from Biscayne Bay. The Bay is classified as an
outstanding Florida waterway and nature preserve and is a major recreational area.
Mangrove wetlands, which are becoming increasingly rare, are valuable as wildlife
habitat.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties'actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/01/82
Final Date: 09/01/83
1\
Threats and Contaminants
Pollutants detected in groundwater, soil, and leachate samples include
elevated levels of ammonia and low levels of heavy metals, pesticides,
and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the former waste disposal
activities. No public health risk exists under current uses. A threat to the
environment exists, however, due to the migration of leachate from the
site into the mangrove preserve. Contamination of the preserve can be
particularly serious because many pollutants, even at very low levels, can
damage aquatic life and can bioaccumulate and concentrate in the food
chain. Birds from the rookery in Greyolds Park feed in the mangrove
swamp and are threatened by possible contaminants there.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
55
continued
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MUNISPORT LANDFILL
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup
of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The EPA began an intensive study of soil and water pollution
at the site in 1987. This investigation explored the nature and extent of
pollution problems and recommended the best strategies for final cleanup.
A subsequent study of the mangrove preserve was conducted in 1989.
The EPA plans to design a system for the collection and treatment of leachate. Closure
of the landfill will be conducted under State authority.
Site Facts: Environmentalists and the State of Florida are concerned about the threat
to aquatic organisms in the preserve and are working with the EPA to develop a
cleanup plan for the site. Though no air pollution data are available, nuisance odors led
to three citations while the site was active.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and
determined that no immediate actions were needed to protect the public at the
Munisport Landfill site while further investigations continue and cleanup activities start.
56
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NORTHWEST 5
STREET LANDFH*
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD980602643
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 10
Dade County
• Near .the Town of Medley
Site Description
The Northwest 58th Street Landfill site, near the City of Mia mi Springs, is one of three
NPL sites that comprise the Biscayne'/AgL/tferSuperfund Study. The landfill is a 1-
square-mile site near Hialeah, along the eastern edge of the Everglades wetlands.
From 1952 to 1982, the site operated as a municipal landfill, receiving approximately
60,000 tons of waste in 1952 and increasing annually over the 30 years of operation to
over 1,000,000 tons per year. Small quantities of household hazardous'.materials;'such
as pesticides, paints, and solvents were considered to be municipal waste, In 1975,
the landfill operation initiated a program of providing daily cover to the site; however,
prior to this, the operation did not compact wastes or add daily cover. Since 1982, the
landfill has received only quarry wastes of water-based paint sludges. The landfill is no
longer receiving waste and is undergoing formal closure procedures. Two major groups
of public water supply well fields are located downgradient within 2 miles.pf the site..
These wells serve an estimated 750,000 people. • ' " •< '• :•••:.-•;•- ';;'',"."- ".--4
Site Responsibility:
this site is befng'addressed through
a combination of Federal, State,
County, and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/81
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
Leachate from the landfill has contaminated groundwater with heavy
metals such as arsenic and lead, as well as volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) such as vinyl chloride. Potential risks to individuals exist if they
drink the contaminated groundwater. In 1986, the U.S. Geological Survey
identified a leachate plume migrating westerly from the site. The County
is selectively pumping well fields and has constructed hydraulic barriers to
control the plume.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
57
continued
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NORTHWEST 58TH STREET LANDFILL
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of
the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The cleanup plan to be completed by the parties potentially
responsible for the contamination includes: controlling leachate generation
by a combination of grading, drainage control, and capping; providing a
public water supply to replace approximately 60 wells; and landfill closure.
The parties responsible for the contamination completed installing an alternate water
supply in 1988 and a leachate interception system in 1989. Additional cover is being
applied to the landfill while the design for final site closure continues. The final design
for cleaning up the site was approved in the spring of 1990 and is expected to be
implemented in the fall, during the historical dry season.
Site Facts: The State of Florida has a civil suit pending against Dade County for failure
to cease operations by August 1981. The State and County are working together to
develop a final plan for closing the facility. The Department of Justice completed all
notice requirements to the parties potentially responsible for the contamination and
filed the Consent Decree with the court in January 1989. The County has repaid EPA
for past cleanup costs and is in compliance with the Consent Decree.
Environmental Progress
The provision of an alternate water supply and the installation of a leachate control
system and additional cover at the Northwest 58th Street Landfill site have reduced the
potential for exposure to hazardous materials while the investigations into permanent
remedy solutions are taking place.
58
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PARRAMORE
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD041140344
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 02
Gadsden County-
Mount Pleasant
Site Description
The Parramore Surplus site is a 25-acre storage and resale company for Navy and Air
Force surplus equipment. Beginning in 1972, Parramore began storing drums on the
property. The Florida Department of Environmental Regulations (FDER) inspected the
site and found 400 to 600 drums, some of which were leaking and killing the
vegetation. The site is located in a low-density residential area with approximately 20
homes in the immediate vicinity of the site. Less than 100 people live within a 1-mile
radius of the site. The area surrounding the site is primarily agricultural and forest land.
Site Responsibility:
This site was addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/01/82
Final Date: 09/01/83
Deletion Date: 02/21/89
Threats and Contaminants
The soil was contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), volatile
organic compounds (VOCs), and heavy metals including lead.
Cleanup Approach
This site was addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on. source control at
the site.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
59
continued
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PARRAMORE SURPLUS
Response Action Status
Source Control: The EPA, the Florida Department of Environmental
Regulations (FDER), and the owner of Parramore agreed that Parramore
would remove the surface contamination. After the removal was complete,
samples were taken of the soil and three new areas of contamination were
located. Parramore cleaned these areas as well. Sampling after the second removal in
1983 indicated that the contamination had been removed. In 1985, a modified
investigation was conducted by the EPA to determine whether all source materials had
been removed and whether there was any groundwater contamination directly related
to the site. The investigation determined that all sources of contamination had been
successfully removed with the exception of the three small areas that had been the
target of the second cleanup. It was determined that the amount of the contamination
present in these areas would not damage the environment or threaten public health. A
groundwater quality assessment, however, was recommended to assure that no
groundwater contamination had occurred from past releases of hazardous substances
at the site. Groundwater monitoring wells were installed, followed by two periods of
groundwater sampling and analyses to ensure that the groundwater had not been
adversely impacted by past releases of hazardous substances. The monitoring was
completed in 1987, and the site was found to be within safe standards and poses no
threat to human health or the environment. The-site was deleted from the NPL on
February 21,1989. , • . .
Environmental Progress
All cleanup activities, including groundwater monitoring, were completed at the
Parramore site and the site was deleted from the NPL in 1989. The cleanup actions
have achieved .all established goals for surface contamination and the site is now safe
to nearby residents and the environment.
60
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PEAK OIL COM
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD004091807
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL PIST, 07
Hillsborough County
Tampa
Site Description
The 15-acre Peak Oil/Bay Drum site was constructed and began operations in 1954.
Operations involved the use of a refining process to purify used oils and lubrication
fluids. Major compounds accepted for recycling were used crank-case oil, hydraulic
fluid, and some transformer fluids. An acid/day purification and filtration process that
generated sludge and oil-saturated clay was used from 1954 until 1977, and these
substances were discharged to three unlined lagoons. Two of the lagoons have been
backfilled. The Peak Oil site is located within 2 miles of the Brandon Well Field, which
is part of the Hillsborough County water supply system. Surface water from the Peak
Oil site drains to a wetland area to the southwest. Several private wells are located in
the immediate vicinity of the contaminated site including a 200-foot deep Floridian
Aquifer well and a production well at the adjacent Reeves Southeastern Wire
Corporation, also on the NPL. Residential neighborhoods, light manufacturing facilities,
warehouses, a domestic wastewater plant, a wetland, and Hillsborough County's
refuse-to-energy plant are located in the area around the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/84
Final Date: 06/10/86
IV
Threats and Contaminants
The soils, sludges, surface water, and sediments on site are
contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), volatile organic
compounds (VOCs), and heavy metals including arsenic and lead from
former process wastes. In addition, the groundwater is contaminated
with PCBs. Potential health threats in the area may come from contact
with contaminated off-site soils or surface water runoff and from
breathing contaminated dust in the air. There are several aquifers and a
wetland in the area that may contain contaminants from the site.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
61
continued
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PEAK OIL COMPANY
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: Incineration of contaminants was approved, and, in
1986, contaminated soils were excavated and prepared for test burns in a
mobile incinerator. As of 1987, more than 1,500 tons of contaminated soil
had been incinerated. In 1989, tanks were cut up and disposed of off site. Used oil,
contaminated with PCBs, is currently being disposed of off site. Disposal options for
sludges from the tanks are being evaluated. This cleanup action is expected to be
completed by late 1990. A cleanup action is currently under way to remove barrels of
sludge and oil from tanks stored in the warehouse. Mixed oil/water were removed and
taken to an approved off-site facility.
Entire Site: The parties potentially responsible for site contamination are
studying the nature and extent of pollution at the site. Field activities for an
area-wide hydrogeological study began in 1989. Fields activities to identify
the source of the contamination also began in 1989;
Site Facts: An Administrative Order on Consent for the site source characterization
and the area-wide hydrogeological cleanup investigation became effective in 1989.
Environmental Progress
The treatment of soil and disposal of some liquid wastes have greatly reduced the
potential for exposure to hazardous substances at the Peak Oil site. These actions
have protected the public health and prevented further environmental damage, while
further cleanup activities are being completed.
62
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PENSACOLA
NAVAL AIR STA
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FL9170024567
Site Description
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 01
Escambia County
6 miles southwest of Pensacola
The Naval Air Station (NAS) Pensacola is located on approximately 5,875 acres and is
the home of two major industrial tenant commands: the Naval Aviation Depot and the
Public Works Center. Work in support of the base mission includes fuel storage and
transportation systems and depot-level, maintenance and repair of aircraft and engines.
Maintenance activities over the years generated a variety of disposed materials
including waste materials from construction activities and municipal solid waste and
municipal wastewater treatment plant sludge. Miscellaneous industrial wastes
including waste oils or solvents, paints, electroplating, radium paint wastes, and
insecticides were discharged to storm sewers until 1973, when an industrial sewer and
wastewater treatment system were installed. Current disposal practices are regularly
monitored for conformance with local. State, and Federal regulations. The groundwater
aquifer at NAS Pensacola extends to a depth of approximately 400 feet. There are
three drinking water wells tapping the upper aquifer on the facility. An estimated
15,000 people on NAS Pensacola and 30,000 customers of Peoples' Water Co. obtain
drinking water from wells within 3 miles of the hazardous substances on site. The
surface water bodies surrounding the site include Pensacola Bay and a tidal creek
known as Bayou Grande. These surface waters are classified by the Florida
Department of Environmental Regulation as Class 111 waters: for recreation use and the
propagation and management offish and wildlife.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
Threats and Contaminants
NPL. LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 07/14/89
Final Date: 11/21/89
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including benzene and ethylbenzene
from former waste disposal practices, have been found in the monitoring
wells. Arsenic and pesticide compounds have been detected in soil
samples taken at a pesticide mixing area. Heavy metals have been
detected in surface water sediment Drinking water wells are currently
assumed to be upgradientoi the base. A large hazardous waste landfill is
located next to the base golf course and a picnic area. The Base Marina is
located where a storm drain from the electroplating shops emptied into
the bayou. Direct contact during recreation is a possibility for those on-
base and could pose a health risk.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
63
continued
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PENSACOLA NAVAL AIR STATION
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase directed at cleanup of
the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The Navy plans to further investigate the spills of
contaminants and the migration of the hazardous wastes at 37 acres of the
site identified in studies. A workplan for investigating the potential sources
was prepared and submitted to the EPA. The investigation is scheduled to
begin in 1990, after which recommendations for a final remedy method will be made by
the EPA. '
Site Facts: The Navy identified 37 potential sources of contamination during studies
conducted under the Department of Defense (DOD) Installation Restoration Program
(IRP). The program seeks to identify, investigate, and control contamination from
hazardous materials. The Navy's studies will be conducted through a permit issued
under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) and a Federal Facility
Agreement.
Environmental Progress
After adding the NAS Pensacola site to the NPL, the EPA evaluated conditions and
determined that no immediate threat to human health or the environment presently
exists. The ongoing investigations into the extent of contamination will determine the
type of permanent remedy needed at the site.
64
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PEPPERS STEE
AND ALLOY CO
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD032544587
Site Description
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 18
Dade County
10 miles northwest of Miami
The 30-acre Peppers Steel and Alloy Company site is located in an industrial area with
no sewage system and is near three other NPL sites. Since the mid-1960s, the site
has been the location of several businesses. On-site activities included manufacturing
of batteries, pre-cast concrete products, and fiberglass boats, as well as the repair and
service of trucks and heavy equipment. Also, sandblasting.and painting services, a
concrete batching plant, and an automobile scrap operation are located on the site.'
Peppers Steel's activities .included recycling of electrical transformers, where waste oil
containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs} was dumped in wetlands on the site.
Various trash and waste products from these activities, including parts of rusted
machinery, vehicles, aircraft, oil tanks, transformers, underground storage tanks, and
batteries have been deposited at the site. Contamination has been identified in the
soil, sediments, and groundwater in and around the site. The site area is flat, and in
many places the groundwater is only 1 to 2 feet below the surface.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties'actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/01/83
Final Date: 09/01/84
Threats and Contaminants
IA
PCBs, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and heavy metals such as lead
and arsenic from former site activities have been detected in the
groundwater, sediments, and soil. Accidental ingestion of and direct
contact with contaminated soil, groundwater, and sediments could pose a
health hazard to the public.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
65
continued
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PEPPERS STEEL AND ALLOY COMPANY
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
', Initial Actions: Early in 1983, the EPA conducted a geophysical survey of
the site and identified about a dozen zones requiring further investigation.
Soil samples determined that PCBs were present in at least two zones.
The EPA removed soil in these zones and oil floating on the shallow aquifer underlying
the site. The EPA also drilled observation wells and sampled on-site wells and surface
water in the immediate area.
Entire Site: The following actions were chosen by the EPA for the site
cleanup: (1) collection and off-site disposal of all free oil; (2) excavation of
soils containing PCBs, lead, and arsenic; (3) solidification of the
contaminated soil with a cement-type mixture to prevent the migration of the
contaminants; (4) institutional controls such as deed restrictions to ensure that future
land use is compatible with the site; and (5) monitoring groundwater to ensure the
effectiveness of the cleanup. Florida Power and Light started the cleanup of the site in
1987. The site cleanup is complete and the EPA is currently drafting a final report. The
EPA plans to remove the site from the NPL in 1994.
Site Facts: The EPA, the State of Florida, the County of Dade, and Florida Power and
Light signed a Consent Decree in 1987. Based on this decree, Florida Power and Light
took responsibility for the design and implementation of the cleanup procedure. The
site is planned to be deleted from the NPL by 1994, after a 5-year review.
Environmental Progress
All cleanup activities, including the removal of soils and liquid waste, are completed at
the Peppers Steel and Alloy Company site. The site is again safe to nearby residents
and the environment while the EPA conducts a final review before deleting the site
from the NPL
66
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PETROLEUM P
CORPORATIO
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD980798698
Site Description
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 14
Broward County
Pembroke Park
Alias:
Pembroke Road
Petroleum Products Corporation refined, stored, and recycled oil on this 2-acre site
from 1952 to 1972. Residents in a nearby trailer park became concerned when heavy
rain triggered an overflow of a disposal pit and produced an oil slick on a lake on the
trailer park grounds in 1970. The company initiated major changes in its operation and
sold most of its property. The northern half of the property was cleared and the
disposal pit was filled in, but a tank farm remained. In 1979, the State issued two
warning notices to Petroleum Products because of oil discharges from the tank farm
area. The company cleaned up two oil-soaked areas, rehabilitated the tank farm berm,
and filled in low spots with clean fill. The site was converted to the Pembroke Park
Mini Warehouses in 1985 and now houses small industrial and commercial businesses.
The area surrounding the site is a rapidly developing and growing residential area which
supports a variety of recreational and industrial activities. The population of Pembroke
Park is 20,000. Approximately 150 people live in two trailer parks adjacent to the site.
There are more than 200 homes using public wells within 1/4 mile of the site. The
Hallandale municipal well field is 2 miles southeast of the site, and the Hollywood
municipal well field lies 3 miles northwest of the site; these well fields serve 150,000
people. Located within the trailer park and a nearby golf course are a number of man-
made lakes that are used for irrigation.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
a combination of Federal, State, and
potentially responsible parties'
actions.
IMPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 04/01/85
Final Date: 07/01/87
L\
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater is contaminated with oil, heavy metals including lead and
chromium, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including benzene
from the former process wastes. The soil is contaminated with lead and
arsenic, and sludges and surface water runoff are contaminated with lead.
The well fields near the site draw water from the deep Floridian Aquifer.
The aquifer beneath the site is connected to the Floridian, but has not
contaminated it. Because most of the contaminated soil at the site is
underneath asphalt, there is little risk that people could come in direct
contact with it until cleanup activities begin. The lakes at the nearby
trailer park and golf course could pose a threat to people who accidentally
drink the contaminated water.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
67
continued
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PETROLEUM PRODUCTS CORPORATION
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in three stages: immediate actions and two long-term
remedial phases focusing on soil and groundwater cleanup.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1985, Petroleum Products removed the drums,
storage tanks, and contaminated sludge from the site and transported the
materials to a federally approved disposal facility. An oil recovery system
was installed for 1 month in 1985 to facilitate the removal of contaminants.
The State installed a recovery system in 1987, and approximately 2,400 gallons of oil
waste were recovered from the aquifer below the site. The tank farm was dismantled
and fenced to prevent trespassing.
Soil: The Florida Department of Environmental Regulation (FDER) is
assessing an alternative called soil washing to clean up the contamination
at the site. Soil washing is a process through which contaminants are
extracted by injecting a water-based solution into the soil and then pumping
the mixture. The study is expected to be completed in 1990, at which time a final
selection of the cleanup technology will be made by the EPA and the FDER.
Groundwater: The EPA will conduct a study, scheduled to begin in 1991,
to determine the type and extent of the contamination in the aquifer
beneath the site. In the course of the study, various alternatives for
cleaning the groundwater will be evaluated. Once the study has been
completed and reviewed, the EPA will select a final cleanup remedy.
Site Facts: The EPA and Petroleum Products entered into a Consent Order in 1985.
Under this order, the company agreed to take immediate action at the site to reduce
threats to human health and the environment.
Environmental Progress
The removal of the major sources of contamination at the Petroleum Products site has
significantly reduced the potential for exposure to contaminants and reduced the level
of contaminants in groundwater while the investigations leading to a final cleanup
remedy are taking place.
68
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PICKETTVILLE^
ROAD LANDFIL
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD980556351
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 03
Duval County
5 miles northwest of Jacksonville
Site Description
The Pickettville Road Landfill site covers 52 acres northwest of Jacksonville. The site
began operations in the early 1940s on a limited basis; full-scale operations started in
1968 when the City of Jacksonville began using the site for a municipal dump. The site
was dedicated to the disposal of hazardous and solid wastes in 1971. Wastes
deposited at the landfill included waste oil, liquid acid waste from batteries, battery
casings, and polychlorinated biphenyls (RGBs). All waste disposal ceased in 1977, and
the site was backfilled, graded, and seeded. In 1981, the EPA detected contaminants
in groundwater. Additional backfilling and regrading were completed in 1983 to curb
on-site erosion and leachate draining into nearby Little Six Mile Creek. The site is
located in a semi-rural area of mixed uses including residences, commercial
establishments, and light industry. There are over 300 residences and two schools
located within a 1-mile radius of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/81
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater is contaminated with heavy metals including arsenic and
lead, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including benzene and
pyrene from former waste disposal activities. Private wells contain
barium. Sediments from Little Six Mile Creek are contaminated with
heavy metals, and the soil also is contaminated with heavy metals, as well
as PCBs and VOCs. People who accidentally consume contaminated
water may be at risk. Well water is used for irrigating gardens, and
contaminants may accumulate in fruits and vegetables. Fish from Little
Six Mile Creek may contain bioaccumulated contaminants from the site
leachate.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
69
continued
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PICKETTVILLE ROAD LANDFILL
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: initial actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: As an initial measure to prevent potential exposure and
spread of site contaminants, the site was backfilled, graded, and seeded in
1977 and again in 1983.
Entire site: The parties potentially responsible for the site contamination
are expected to have the study of the nature and extent of the
contamination completed in 1990. This study will recommend alternatives
for cleaning up the site, and the EPA will select the most appropriate remedies for site
cleanup. The engineering work to design a cleanup method and the actual cleanup
activities will begin following remedy selection.
Site Facts: In 1988, the EPA and the parties potentially responsible for contamination
at the site signed an Administrative Order. Under this order, the responsible parties will
investigate the extent of contamination at the site.
Environmental Progress
After adding the Pickettville Road Landfill site to the NPL, the EPA conducted an
evaluation of site conditions and determined that the initial actions taken at the site
have controlled the immediate threats to public health or the environment while the
study into the cleanup alternatives is being conducted.
70
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PIONEER SAND I
COMPANY
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD056116965
Site Description
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 01
Escambia County
5 miles west of Pensacola
The 11-acre Pioneer Sand Company site is an inactive quarry that was licensed in
1974 to receive shredded auto parts, construction debris, and various industrial
sludges. Between 1974 and 1978, phenols and resin compounds were deposited on
the site by Newport Industries. Domestic and industrial wastes, including plating
sludges, were received from the Pensacola Naval Air Station. Approximately
75% of the site is an excavation pit, while the remaining 25% is the fill area where the
wastes were deposited. In 1981, the Florida Department of Environmental Regulation
(FDER) did not renew the disposal permit and ordered the dumping to cease. The
State and the EPA detected contaminants in the soil. A monitoring well installed by the
company and one of the disposal ponds were also found to be contaminated. A well
field for the City of Pensacola, which has a population of approximately 67,000, is
located within 3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/81
Final Date: 09/01/83
I
Threats and Contaminants
A monitoring well and surface water in the lagoon contain elevated levels
of heavy metals including chromium and lead from the former waste
disposal activities. Leachate is contaminated with various heavy metals,
volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and pentachlorophenol (PCP). The
soil is contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and heavy
metals. Because the EPA took immediate action to remove the
contaminated soil, and the parties potentially responsible for the
contamination are currently monitoring the site, there is little threat to the
area population.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
71
continued
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PIONEER SAND COMPANY
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: an immediate action and a long-term
remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Action: In 1986, the EPA excavated 20 tons of contaminated
soil and transported it to a federally approved facility.
Entire Site: In 1986, the EPA selected a remedy to clean up the site
which includes: closing the landfill and sludge pond areas according to
Federal and State procedures; collecting the leachate, treating it and
disposing of it on site; treating surface water and discharging it on site;
and long-term maintenance activities. The parties potentially responsible
for site contamination removed trash from the site and installed a security fence.
During their investigation prior to the design of a method for cleaning up the site, the
potentially responsible parties discovered a light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) in
the landfilled area. They have completed a treatability study for the LNAPL. The design
for the cleanup of the site is complete. The cleanup activity is scheduled to begin in
1990.
Site Facts: The EPA and the parties potentially responsible for the site contamination
entered into a Consent Decree in 1988. In this action, they agreed to clean up the site.
Environmental Progress
The removal of contaminated soils greatly reduced the potential for exposure to
hazardous materials at the Pioneer Sand site while further investigations and cleanup
activities take place.
72
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PIPER AIRC
CORPORATION
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD004054284
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST, 11
Indian River County
Vero Beach
Alias:
Vero Beach Wellfield
Site Description
The Piper Aircraft Corporation site covers 90 acres in Vero Beach. The company began
assembling and painting light aircraft in 1957 at the southern end of the Vero Beach .
Municipal Airport. Chemicals used in these operations are stored in underground
storage tanks. During routine/testing of the City water supply in 1978, the presence of
contaminants was detected. An area search and tank testing revealed the source to be
a leaky pipe-fitting on a Piper Aircraft storage tank. Well #15 of the City of Vero Beach
well field was subsequently shut down due to contamination. Six months later, the
City developed two other wells to replace the one that was closed. In 1981, the Florida
Department of,Environmental Regulation (FDER) took actions against the company, ' ;
after which Piper repaired the faulty equipment and began pumping out contaminated
groundwater. Approximately 10,000 people obtain drinking water from public wells
located within 1 mile of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
a combination of Federal, State, and
potentially responsible parties'
actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/01/86
Final Date: 02/16/90
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater in the on-site shallow aquifer, surface water, and the water
in the Main Canal on the site are contaminated with trichloroethylene
(TCE) and other volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the leaking
underground storage tank. Although a number of people obtain drinking
water from nearby municipal wells, the health concerns are minimal
because the city wells were relocated and are being constantly
monitored. Oysters and fish from the Main Canal are contaminated with
low levels of TCE and present a health risk if they are eaten.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
73
continued
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PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: an initial action and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Initial Action: Since 1981, when groundwater treatment began, an
estimated 2,000 gallons of solvents have been removed by pumping the
contaminated water from the site through closed conduits 1/2 mile to the
Main Canal. The contaminated water is sprayed into the air to remove the
contaminants and then discharged into the Main Canal.
Entire Site: Piper Aircraft is currently studying the type and extent of
contamination at the site. Once the study is completed, alternatives for
cleaning up the site will be recommended. The EPA will then select
cleanup technologies best suited to a final remedy for the site contamination.
Site Facts: In 1981, the State and Piper Aircraft entered into a Consent Agreement
requiring the company to perform repairs on equipment and to treat the contaminated
groundwater.
Environmental Progress
By moving municipal wells and by pumping and air-treating the contaminated
groundwater from the Piper Aircraft site, the potential for exposure to hazardous
substances has been significantly reduced. These actions have protected the public
water supply while the investigations into a permanent cleanup remedy are taking
place.
74
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GALVANIZING
CORPORATION
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD000824896
Site Description
TU- REGION 4
* CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 07
Hillsborough County
Highway 574, east of Tampa
The Reeves Southeastern Galvanizing Corporation site encompasses 2 areas on 28
acres and includes the Reeves Southeastern Galvanizing Site (RSEG) covering 17 acres
and the Reeves Southeastern Wire Site (RSEW) covering 11 acres. Beginning in the
1960s, spent caustic, rinse, and acid process wastes generated at RSEG and RSEW
were neutralized and discharged to storage ponds. It is believed that plating wastes
were discharged in the same manner. These practices have caused contamination of
groundwater and surface water. When Hillsborough County issued a notice of violation
to the company in 1974, the company responded by upgrading its existing wastewater
treatment facility to an advanced system to neutralize the acid and to remove 90% of
the heavy metals. One pond at RSEW has been backfilled; two have not, but they are
not used. Two ponds exist at the RSEG area but are not presently used. Residential
neighborhoods, light manufacturing facilities, warehouses, a wastewater treatment
plant, and a refuse-to-energy plant are located in the area surrounding the site. County-
owned water supply wells are located approximately 1 mile upgradientoi the site.
There are approximately 56,000 people residing within 3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties'actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/81
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater is contaminated with heavy metals such as chromium and
aluminum from former process wastes. The soil and surface water are
also contaminated with heavy metals, primarily zinc. Although sampling
has shown municipal wells are not contaminated, private wells have not
been sampled. Since the groundwater is contaminated, it may potentially
affect the drinking water wells. In addition to drinking polluted water,
people who touch or accidentally ingest contaminated surface water or
soils may be at risk.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
75
continued
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REEVES SOUTHEASTERN GALVANIZING CORPORATION
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup
of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: Under EPA guidance, the parties potentially responsible for the
site contamination are investigating the site. This investigation will
determine the exact contaminants and the extent of damage to the soil and
surface water. Once the investigation is completed in 1991, various
alternatives will be recommended to clean up the site. The EPA will then select the
most appropriate remedies for site cleanup.
Site Facts: In 1989, the EPA and the parties potentially responsible for contamination
at the site signed an Administrative Order on Consent Unde'r'this Order, the parties
will conduct a study of the site with EPA monitoring. ,' '
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and
determined that there were no immediate threats from the site to public health or the
environment while further investigations and cleanup activities take place.
76
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SAPP BATTERY^
SALVAGE
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD980602882
Site Description
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 02
Jackson County
Alford
The 45-acre Sapp Battery site is composed of three swamps connected by small
channels. In 1970, Sapp Battery Service, Inc. began an operation to recover lead from
used batteries, dumping the acid outside the plant, recovering the lead, and disposing
of the broken battery casings in an on-site man-made fishing pond. By 1977, the acid
discharge began killing nearby cypress trees. Dead and discolored vegetation, as well
as strong sulfurous odors, have been noted along the drainage route from the site.
Sapp Battery undertook several steps to alleviate the problem; however, none of them
were effective. The owner stopped operations and abandoned the site in 1980. The
site is currently contaminating the Floridian Aquifer, which provides drinking water for
most of the area residents who depend on private wells. There are approximately
3,000 people living within a 3-mile radius of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/81
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater and surface water are contaminated with lead from
battery wastes. Soil contaminants include heavy metals such as lead,
antimony, and cadmium. People may be exposed to heavy metals if they
drink contaminated water or if they accidentally consume contaminated
soil or other contaminated materials.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: emergency actions and a long-term
remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
77
continued
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SAPP BATTERY SALVAGE
Response Action Status
Emergency Actions: In 1980, the EPA undertook an emergency cleanup
action, which resulted in a temporary restoration of pH levels similar to
background levels downstream from the site. In 1984, the EPA
constructed a berm to contain surface water and moved contaminated
soil and sludges to a chemical management facility. In the same year, the Florida
Department of Environmental Resources excavated and removed roughly 9,000 cubic
yards of highly contaminated soil from the site.
Entire Site: In 1986, the EPA selected cleanup plans for the site that
include: (1) excavating soils and sediments; (2) stabilizing excavated soils
and sediments; (3) on-site disposal of the solidified materials into a cell
built to sanitary landfill standards; (4) removal and treatment of
groundwater in the aquifers under the site; (5) treatment and discharge of contaminated
surface water from the on-site swamp and off-site Steele City Bay; and (6) a monitoring
program for drinking water wells within a 1-mile radius. The engineering design of the
approved cleanup activities is expected to be completed early in 1990.
Site Facts: The cleanup plan for sediment excavation from Steele City Bay is being re-
evaluated, as excavation may reintroduce contaminants into surface.waters. It may be
more ecologically sound to leave the sediments in place.
Environmental Progress
The containment and removal of contaminated materials have greatly reduced the
potential for exposure to hazardous materials while further investigations and cleanup
activities take place at the Sapp Battery Salvage site.
78
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SCHUYLKILL IV®
CORPORATIO
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD062794003
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 09
Hillsborough County
Plant City
Site Description
Schuylkill Metals Corporation (SMC) recovered lead from storage batteries on this 17
1/2-acre site from 1972 through 1986. Before 1981, acid washdown from wastewater
was stored in a 2-acre unlined wastewater holding pond. Initially, lime was used to
adjust the pH of the wastewater in the holding pond, and later, ammonia was used for
this purpose. The wastewater treatment system was upgraded in 1981 and all
wastewater was treated with sodium hydroxide for pH adjustment and was discharged
under permit to the publicly owned treatment works. Leachate containing heavy
metals and sulfuric acid is migrating from the unlined impoundments into an adjacent
drainage ditch that empties into Pemberton Creek. Heavy metals and ammonia
contaminate the groundwater on site. High levels of lead were found in the drainage
ditch on site. The site is bounded by agricultural land and a'housing development.
Approximately 19,000 residents live within 3 miles. A junior high school, an elementary
school, and a hospital are located within a mile of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
IMPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/01/82
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater contains contamination from heavy metals including lead
and chromium, as well as sulfate. Very high levels of lead were also
found in the subsoil, surface water, and sediments in a ditch on site that
drains to Pemberton Creek and Marsh, an environmentally sensitive area.
People could be exposed to heavy metals in the contaminated
groundwater. Direct contact with or accidental ingestion of lead in the soil
is unlikely because the area is fenced, but trespassers could be exposed.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
79
continued
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SCHUYLKILL METAL CORPORATION
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup
of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The State of Florida and SMC, the party responsible for
contamination at the site, have completed a study of the nature and extent
of site contamination and have evaluated the various technologies available
for cleanup. Further studies on the marsh are being conducted, and
treatability studies for the soils also are being conducted. Results from both of these
studies in progress are scheduled to be completed in 1990. The EPA will then select
the most appropriate remedies for site cleanup, and design of the selected remedy for
cleaning up the site is slated for 1991.
Site Facts: A Consent Order between SMC and the Florida Department of
Environmental Regulation was signed in 1986 to study site contamination and the
various methods to clean it up.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary site investigations and
determined that there were no immediate threats to public health or the environment at
the Schuylkill Metal site while further investigations and cleanup activities are being
conducted.
80
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SHERWOOD
MEDICAL
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD043861392
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 04
Volusia County
3 miles north of Deland
Alias:
Sherwood Medical Industries
Site Description
The 43-acre Sherwood Medical site is currently occupied by several manufacturing
buildings, a biological laboratory, sizeable parking areas, and additional structures,
including a wastewater treatment facility built in 1983. Sherwood Medical Industries
has used the property since 1959 for the manufacturing of medical supplies, primarily
hypodermic needles. Industrial operations currently include grinding, cleaning, hub
processing, and de-coring of stainless steel and aluminum parts used to manufacture
hypodermic syringes. Sherwood also molds plastic syringes and conducts in-house
laboratory work. The Sherwood facility pumps approximately 175,000 gallons'of water
per day from the underlying Floridian Aquifer. Water drawn for industrial needs is used
for cleaning, manufacturing, and cooling/evaporation processes. Several manufacturing
steps result in wastewater which must be treated. The industrial wastewater facility on
the site is licensed by the Florida Department of Environmental Resources (FDER) to
receive and treat wastewater from the plant and to discharge the resulting effluent.
The treated effluent is currently disposed by percolation and evaporation. In 1985,
Sherwood Medical Industries installed an air stripper to treat production water used in
the facility's operations. Between 1971 and 1980, the company disposed of about two
tons of liquid and sludge waste into two unlined percolation ponds. During this time,
solids were removed from the ponds and placed into on-site, unlined impoundments.
In 1982, the Sherwood site was placed on the NPL at the request of the State of Florida
because of the threat of contamination from wastes stored in the holding ponds and
impoundments. Subsequent testing conducted by Sherwood Medical and the State
revealed groundwater contamination in on-site wells. Fifteen residences are in the
immediate area of the site, and new residential developments are nearby. Recreational
Lake Miller borders the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
and chromium from former process wastes. The movement of
contaminated groundwater on the site could contaminate wells in the
area. Drinking contaminated water would also threaten human health.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
81
continued
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SHERWOOD MEDICAL
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup
of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: In 1985, Sherwood Medical notified the EPA that they would
perform a focused investigation at the site. During the investigation,
Florida Health and Rehabilitation Services received health-related
complaints concerning private wells from nearby residents. Chlorinated solvents were
detected in samples from the on-site domestic water supply well, but no violations of
drinking water standards were found in samples from nearby private wells. In 1987,
the FDER asked Sherwood to sample the on-site water wells and a downgradient
residential well to assess the extent of contamination and to evaluate the need for
immediate cleanup activities to control and treat the contamination of the Floridian
Aquifer. The FDER recommended that the aquifer be treated prior to the completion of
the entire site evaluation. Currently, Sherwood Medical is testing all private wells
immediately adjacent to the site along Kepler Road every 6 months.
Site Facts: The EPA and Sherwood Medical signed an Administrative Order on
Consent for Sherwood to study contamination at the site.
Environmental Prpgfess,
The monitoring activities being performed at the Sherwood Medical site ensure that
nearby residents are not exposed to hazardous materials while further investigations
and cleanup activities take place.
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STANDARD A
BUMPER
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD004126520
Site Description
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 17
Dade County
Hialeah, north of Miami International Airport
The Standard Auto Bumper Corporation has electroplated automobile bumpers,
furniture, and other metal objects with chrome on this 3/4-acre site since 1959. Before
1972, wastewater from the electroplating and stripping process was discharged into a
ditch between the process building and railroad tracks. It was allowed to drain to the
north, eventually percolating into the ground. In 1972, the company began treating the
plating waste before discharging it into a septic tank/percolation pit and drain field
system. Since 1979, treated wastewater has been discharged into the Hialeah sewer
system. The metal-containing sludge from the treatment is transported to an EPA-
approved hazardous waste facility. Currently, approximately 2,000 to 3,000 gallons per
day of wastewater are sent to a concrete diked area, where it is treated to convert
hexavalent chromium to the less toxic trivalent state before being discharged into the
Hialeah sewer system. In 1985 and 1987, the EPA detected heavy metals in surface
soil, subsurface soil, and groundwater on the site. The most extensive contamination
was near the drainage pathway. The site is in the recharge zone of the Biscayne
Aquifer, which is a sole source supply of drinking water for all of Dade County. High
concentrations of contaminants also were found in the drain field system and
percolation pits used prior to 1972. It is unclear exactly what was placed in the pits.
Four municipal well fields that supply drinking water to approximately 750,000 people
are within 3 miles of the site. One well is within 4,200 feet of the site. Wells in the
contaminated area have been taken out of service.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 10/04/89
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
83
continued
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STANDARD AUTO BUMPER
Threats and Contaminants
Heavy metals including lead, cadmium, copper, chromium, and nickel
from former waste disposal practices contaminate the on-site
groundwater, surface soil, and subsurface soil. Potential risks to public
health exist from direct contact with on-site industrial well water. Risks
also exist, especially for employees, from accidentally eating, inhaling, or
touching the contaminated soil and dust. The site is partially fenced and
guarded by dogs to reduce access to the site. Private drinking wells
located downgradient of the site may also pose a health concern.
Potential threats to the environment include the migration of
contaminants through groundwater flow, dust and vapor particles
traveling in the air, runoff from rainfall, and biota which may accumulate
contaminants from the soil, surface water, or groundwater.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1989, Standard Auto Bumper began excavating
non-hazardous waste soils and transporting them to solid waste landfills.
They also excavated the sludge pit and disposed of waste in a federally
approved hazardous waste disposal facility. Contaminated soil was taken either to an
appropriate solid waste landfill or a hazardous waste facility.
Entire Site: Standard Auto will use the Expanded Site Investigation done
by the EPA in 1987 and additional studies to determine the nature and
extent of heavy metal contamination at the site and will study the feasibility
of the alternative cleanup strategies. These studies are scheduled to be
completed in 1990, with design of the EPA's selected remedy to begin that same year.
The cleanup activities will focus on the groundwater contamination.
Site Facts: Standard Auto Bumper and the EPA signed an Administrative Order for the
removal of contaminants in 1989, which enforces a plan for remedial action agreed
upon between Dade County and Standard Auto.
Environmental Progress
The removal of contaminated sludges and soils has greatly reduced the potential for
exposure to contamination at the Standard Auto Bumper site. These actions have
helped to protect the public health and the environment while further cleanup activities
take place.
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SYDNEY MIN
SLUDGE PO
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD000648055
Site Description
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 07
Hillsborough County
Brandon
Alias:
Hillsborough County Sydney Mine
The Sydney Mine Sludge Ponds site is a 9 1/2-acre former disposal site that was strip-
mined for phosphate rock from the 1930s through the 1950s. In late 1973,
Hillsborough County leased a portion of the Sydney Mine site from American Cyanamid
and constructed a sludge disposal pond. The pond received wastes from grease traps,
septage waste, and waste oil. In 1979, the waste disposal site was expanded and
modified. At that time, the operation consisted of two primary impoundments: a1 1/2-
acre septage pond and a 1/2-acre waste oil pond. About 16 million gallons of waste
including sludge, grease trappings, cutting oil, and other, types of waste oil were placed
in the two ponds by haulers serving homes, schools, hospitals, and manufacturing and
commercial facilities in the area. A third impoundment was located adjacent to the east
dike of the septage pond and was reportedly used for disposal on only a few occasions.
Waste disposal activities ended in 1981, and Waste Management, Inc. purchased the
property that same year. EPA tests in 1979 found contaminants in the ponds and in
groundwater under the site. Approximately 4,000 people within 3 miles of the site
draw water from the underlying Floridian Aquifer.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, County, and potentially
responsible parties'actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/01/88
Final Date: 10/01/89
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with volatile organic chemicals (VOCs)
including toluene, .benzene, and xylene, as well as heavy metals including
cadmium from former process wastes. Site workers and trespassers
could be exposed to contaminated groundwater, as well as to chemicals
that enter the air during the treatment process.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
85
continued
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SYDNEY MINE SLUDGE PONDS
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: The County constructed an underground slurry wall
around the ponds to prevent contaminants from escaping and groundwater
from entering. Contaminated groundwater within the wall is being
extracted, treated, and sprayed on the surface. Surface cleaning consisted
of excavation and incineration of more than 12,000 cubic yards of contaminated
materials. By 1989, the groundwater system treated more than 41 million gallons of
water. The sludge from the site has been burned under controlled conditions to break
down the contaminants.
Entire Site: The EPA will be monitoring the effectiveness of the existing
pump and treat system as well as modifications to the system, if
necessary, and will ensure that the system operates until sampling
indicates that concentration levels of contaminants have been reduced and
remain at acceptable levels.
Site Facts: Some of the parties potentially responsible for the contamination of the
site were issued an order to operate the groundwater treatment system since they had
not voluntarily agreed to do so. These parties have been operating the system since
mid-1989, and operation of the groundwater treatment system is ongoing.
Environmental Progress
The construction of a slurry wall and the treatment of contaminated soils, sludges, and
groundwater have greatly reduced the potential for exposure to hazardous substances
at the Sydney Mine Sludge Ponds. These actions have helped to protect the public
health and the environment while further investigations and groundwater treatment
take place.
86
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TAYLOR ROAD
LANDFILL
FLORIDA
EPA ID#,FLD980494959
Site Description
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 07
.Hillsborough County
1/8 mile north of Seffher
The Taylor Road Landfill site consists of 40 acres. It is next to two other municipal
landfills; the Department of Transportation (DOT) Borrow Pit Landfill and the
Hillsborough Heights Landfill. These three landfills occupy a total of 200 acres. The
Taylor Road Landfill operated from 1975 to 1980, and the DOT Borrow Pit Landfill and
Hillsborough Heights Landfill both operated from 1980 to 1984. The three landfills
were used for the disposal of municipal refuse, but unknown quantities of industrial
wastes may have been dumped at the sites as well. The community around the site,is
mainly residential and agricultural. The closest residence is less than 1/8 mile from the
site, and the estimated population of the Seffner area is 27,000. Two schools are
located within 1/2 mile of the site. Approximately 580 wells are within 1 mile of the
facility, and a community well system that serves 2,500 people is located 1 mile
downslope from the landfill. The community northeast of Seffner includes dairy farms,
two of which are located between 1/4 and 1/2 mile downslope from the landfills.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
a combination of Federal and
County actions.
IMPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/81
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
Private wells in the area are contaminated with volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) including benzene and vinyl chloride and heavy metals
including lead from the former waste disposal activities at the site.
Consuming contaminated groundwater and dairy products could pose a
health hazard to people. At one time, methane gas from the landfill was
detected at concentrations above the lower explosive limit near
residences adjacent to the site; the County installed a gas collection
system in an attempt to correct this problem. The Floridian Aquifer is the
main source of potable water in the area, and extensive sampling
confirms that it is contaminated.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
87
continued
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TAYLOR ROAD LANDFILL
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial
phase designed to clean up the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1983, the Hillsborough County Utilities
Department installed a cap, drainage ditches, and methane gas control
systems around each of the landfills. The County also extended the water
supply system to affected residences in the contaminated area south of the landfill. At
this time, the landfills have been capped and closed, and access to the three landfills is
restricted, because each is fenced and locked.
Entire Site: The EPA has started to investigate the site to evaluate the full
nature and the extent of the contamination. This effort is scheduled to be
completed in 1992, and the remedies to be used for the cleanup will be
selected that same year. Because the three large landfills are located
adjacent to each other, it is currently impossible to determine which one is responsible
for contaminating the groundwater.
Site Facts: The EPA and the County have signed a Consent Decree with the
Hillsborough County Utilities Department. The decree requires the County to install a
public water supply to residences with contaminated well water. It also requires the
County to carry out a 30-year groundwater monitoring program for the entire landfill.
The EPA is completing its search for parties potentially responsible for the
contamination of the site. Based on the results of this search, the EPA will begin
negotiations with the potentially responsible parties to conduct a study of the nature
and extent of contamination.
Environmental Progress
The County's actions to cap and control the methane gas accumulation at the Taylor
Road Landfill have significantly reduced the threat of exposure to contaminants while
the site is undergoing further investigations into the source of the contamination and
the best technologies for permanent cleanup.
88
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TOWER CHI
COMPANY
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD004065546
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 06
Lake County
Clermont, 15 miles west of Orlando
Site Description
The 30-acre Tower Chemical Company (TCC) site is an abandoned chemical
manufacturing facility. During its operation, TCC owned and used two separate parcels
of land; a main facility and an irrigation field. From 1957 to 1981, TCC manufactured,
produced, and stored various pesticides. TCC discharged ac/ofcwastewaters produced
in the main facility into a 1/2-acre, unlined perco/at/bn/evaporation pond where
contaminants were solidified:- TCC'burned and buried the wastes'on a 1 1/2-acre plot
located at the main facility. In 1980, the wastewater pond at the main facility •
overflowed into an adjacent swamp and entered an unnamed stream north of the site.
The acidic wastewater migrated into Gourd Neck of Lake Apopka, where vegetation
and aquatic animals were affected. After two court orders, TCC stopped all discharges
into the pond. High levels of DDT and associated chemicals were detected at the main
facility and low fish populations were noticed in the unnamed stream off site. The land
of the former TCC plant was purchased by a group of real,estate investors who later
resold it in 1981 to local farmers and various small manufacturing firms. Approximately
1,000 people live near the site! The site is located in an area of mixed agricultural, •
residential, and industrial uses! ' ; >! < • --,
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/81
Final Date: 09/01/83
L\
Threats and Contaminants
Copper and pesticides, including DDT, have contaminated on-site surface
and subsurface soils, the shallow groundwater, and surface waters.
Pesticides also contaminate on-site and off-site sediments. Volatile
organic compounds (VOCs) including ethylbenzene are present in on-site
soils. Potential health threats include accidentally swallowing and
touching contaminated surface water, groundwater, and soil. The main
concern is that contaminants in the shallow aquifer may move into the
deeper Floridian Aquifer, which is the only source of drinking water to
people in this area.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
89
continued
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TOWER CHEMICAL COMPANY
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1983, 2,275-square-feet of contaminated soil,
1,545 cubic yards of sediment, and 72 drums were excavated and disposed
of off site. In addition, a million gallons of wastewater were pumped from
the pond, treated, and then discharged to the unnamed stream. The EPA used clean fill
to replace soil which was removed. The EPA built a system to divert surface water
runoff and also fenced the area. These actions were conducted to prevent
contaminants in the wastewater pond, on-site soil, and sediments from further
migrating off site.
Entire Site: The EPA's initial remedies for cleanup of the site include: (1)
removing and treating on site approximately 100,000,000 gallons of
contaminated groundwater, storing it temporarily on site, followed by
discharge to surface water; (2) providing individual treatment units for two private wells
within the immediate site vicinity; (3) excavating and burning approximately 9,000 cubic
yards of contaminated surface soil from both the overflow area and portions of the
burn/burial area of the site; (4) removing any drums that should have been excavated
during the previous removal activities, if any are found; (5) decontaminating the two
storage tanks and nearby concrete pads; and (6) diverting contaminated runoff. In
1987, the design for the water treatment system for the former percolation/evacuation
pond was started. The design is planned for completion in 1990. Also, additional
groundwater monitoring wells will be installed.
Site Facts: In 1983, the EPA issued an order to Tower Chemical Company to clean up
the site. The EPA began cleanup activities at the site because the company did not
respond.
Environmental Progress
The removal and treatment of contaminated groundwater and soil have greatly reduced
the potential for exposure to and the further spread of hazardous materials at the Tower
Chemical Company site while further cleanup activities take place.
90
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TRI-CITY OIL
CONSERVATI
CORP.
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD070864541
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 07
Hillsborough County
Temple Terrace, near Tampa
Site Description
The Tri-City Oil Conservationist Corporation property, occupying about 1/4 of an acre,
housed a heating oil business from 1960 to 1975. From 1978 to 1983, the facility acted
as a waste oil and distribution center. Three aboveground storage tanks and one
known underground storage tank were on site. While it operated, people complained
to the State about the odor and sloppy practices at the site. In 1982, 3,000 gallons of
oil were spilled. When the owner failed to clean up the site at the request of the
Florida Department of Environmental Regulation (FDER), the EPA removed the bulk of
the oil and later removed contaminated soil. Tri-City was involuntarily dissolved in 1983
and the owners are in bankruptcy. An estimated 35 people are served by 9 private
wells and live within a block of the site. The site is about 3,000 feet from the
Hillsborough River and within 3 miles of the public well field serving the community's
16,000 residents.
Site Responsibility:
This site was addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/01/83
Final Date: 09/01/84
Deletion Date: 01/19/88
Threats and Contaminants
Elevated levels of lead were found in initial sampling of the groundwater,
but none were found in later samples. Soil excavated from the area was
heavily contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and heavy
metals from former site activities. Removal of contaminated soils and
sludges in 1984, and again in 1986, has adequately protected human
health.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
91
continued
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TRI-CITY OIL CONSERVATIONIST CORP.
Cleanup Approach
The site was addressed in two stages:
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
initial actions and a long-term remedial phase
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: The EPA cleaned up the 3,000-gallon oil spill in 1984 and
excavated 850 cubic yards of contaminated soil and sludges, which were
disposed of off-site. The excavated areas were brought, back to their
original grade using clean fill, and the EPA planted grass to prevent erosion. Tests of
soil, groundwater, and sediment in 1986 snowed that the source of contamination was
removed.
Entire Site: After detailed site analyses, the EPA.chose to perform.no
further action at the site since current contaminant levels do not exceed
State or Federal drinking water standards, EPA deleted the site from the
NPLin1988. ,,.-,:
Site Facts: The EPA issued an Administrative Order to the parties potentially
responsible for contamination at the site in 1984, informing them that their activities
represented an imminent and substantial danger to public health and the environment,
and that they must promptly stop these activities. The EPA is negotiating with the
steering committee that represents the 30 potentially responsible parties. Settlement
is expected during 1990. ,
Environmental Progress
The removal of contaminated soil and sludge from the site has restored the site to the
environmental standards established by the State and the EPA, therefore no further
cleanup actions were necessary at the site. The completed actions have protected the
public health and the environment. The Tri-City Oil Conservationist Corp. site has been
deleted from the NPL. . ..
92
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VARSOL SPILL
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD980602346
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 18
Dade County
Miami International Airport
Alias:
Biscayne Aquifer Site
Site Description
The Varsol Spill Site is located under a portion of the Miami International Airport. This
site and two others, the Miami Drum Services site and the Northwest 58th Street
Landfill, are being collectively considered as one management unit for the cleanup
investigation and selection of cleanup activities. They are related in that they all lie on
the Biscayne Aquifer, which is the sole source of drinking water for the residents of
southeast Florida. Since 1966, there have been approximately 15 spills and leaks at the
site totaling 2 million gallons. This included an underground pipeline leak resulting in
the discharge of about 1,600,000 gallons of a petroleum solvent at the Miami
International Airport. An investigative study determined in 1985 that there was no trace
of the solvent at or around the airport. Several factors probably contributed to the
dissipation of the contaminants in the aquifer: some of the solvent was recovered;
biodegredation is believed to have taken place; and the hydrology of the area indicates
that some of the solvent contributed to and became part of the "background"
contamination in the aquifer. The area surrounding the site is highly populated, with
10,000 people living within 3 miles. The Miami Springs Well Field, which provides
drinking water for a significant portion of Dade County, is located 2,000 feet from the
walls of the airport.
Site Responsibility:
This site was addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/81
Final Date: 09/01/83
Deletion Date: 09/01/88
Threats and Contaminants
The surface water and groundwater were contaminated with polycydic
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The Varsol site is not a public health
concern, as the contaminant from the spill can no longer be identified in
the groundwater.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
93
continued
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VARSOL SPILL SITE
Cleanup Approach
This site was addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the
entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: After detailed site analyses, the EPA signed a decision in 1985
mandating that no action needed to take place at this site because the Varsol
site, itself, was not a public or environmental threat. The site was deleted
fromtheNPLin1988.
Site Facts: Dade County brought enforcement action against Eastern Airlines, the
owner of the solvents that spilled. A Consent Agreement was signed to assess and
clean up, if necessary, several maintenance areas and tank farms.
Environmental Progress
No actions were needed at the Varsol Spill Site, as contaminants that were spilled at
the site were no longer detected in the area. Therefore, the possibility of exposure to
hazardous substances at the site is no longer a concern. The EPA performed final
investigations and deleted the site from the NPL in 1988.
94
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WHITEHOUSE
WASTE OIL PITS
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD980602767
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 03
Duval County
10 miles south of Jacksonville
Site Description
The Whitehouse Waste Oil Pits site occupies approximately 7 acres of an upland area
immediately adjacent to a cypress swamp. The site itself consists of seven unlined
pits, constructed by Allied Petroleum, where waste oil sludge, acid, and contaminated ,.
waste oil from an oil reclaiming process were disposed. The first pits were constructed
in 1958, and, by 1986, the company had constructed and filled the pits with
approximately 127,000 cubic yards of waste. Allied Petroleum then went bankrupt.
After assuming ownership of the property by tax default, the City of Jacksonville
installed and operated a treatment and dewatering system at the oil pits. In 1976, the
dike around one of the pits ruptured, spilling 200,000 gallons of wastes ihtb wetlands
along McGirts Creek. The pit was backfilled'after the incident, A second pit released•
its contents in 1976. Contamination has been detected in all of the zones of the
surficial aquifer. The site is located near the Whitehouse community, which has a
population of approximately 6,000 people. Most of the residents use private wells for
their drinking water source.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/81
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with various heavy metals and volatile
organic compounds (VOCs), including benzene, from the wastes disposed
of at the site. The soil is contaminated with lead, and arsenic has been
found in the leachate. Accidental releases of wastes have contaminated
the nearby wetlands areas. Residents in the area could possibly be
exposed to contaminated groundwater; however, at present, little
contamination has been detected.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
95
continued
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WHITEHOUSE WASTE OIL PITS
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: The EPA conducted several initial cleanup actions in
1986 to stabilize site conditions and prevent the spread of contamination.
A water treatment system was developed and activated to drain the
contaminated liquids from the pits. After the pits were drained, they were filled with
construction debris, scrap lumber, trees, wood chips, and other non-degradable wastes
to stabilize the pits. A 3-inch layer of automobile shredder waste was placed over the
fill and a mixture of dirt and oil was placed over the shredder waste as a sealer. It was
then covered with 12 inches of sand and planted with local grasses. Ditches were
constructed to control runoff. Final monitoring of the test wells and drainage effluents
showed remaining low levels of chlorinated organics, heavy metals, and acids.
Entire Site: Based on an inspection of the site by the State of Florida, the
EPA has selected several cleanup activities including: construction of a
slurry wall around the entire site to prevent migration of contaminants;
recovery, treatment, and removal of contaminated groundwater; removal
of the contaminated sediments from the northeast tributary of McGirts
Creek; and capp/ngthe entire site. A treatabil'ity study to determine the effectiveness
of the selected remedies for site cleanup has been started. Preliminary results have
indicated that some preferable cleanup alternatives may exist, including bioremediation.
A final remedy will be chosen once these studies are completed.
Environmental Progress
The treatment and stabilization of wastes have greatly reduced the potential for
exposure to hazardous substances at the Whitehouse Waste Oil Pits site while further
investigations and cleanup activities are being completed.
96
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WILSON CONCE*
OF FLORIDA
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD041184383
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 14
Broward County
Pompano Beach
Site Description
Wilson Concepts of Florida is a 2-acre site that is located in an industrial area of
Pompano Beach. This site is an active plant that has been manufacturing precision-
machine parts since 1974. The types of activities performed here include drilling and
milling of metal parts, along with vibrating, deburring, degreasing, steam cleaning, and
spray coating of parts. On several occasions Wilson has been cited by the County for
violations of County regulations pertaining to the discharge of industrial wastes onto the
ground and the overflow of wastes from two 1,200-gallon underground tanks into a
storm drain and which eventually also dripped onto the ground. In 1986, the EPA
discovered contamination on the ground and in a water sample from the storm drain.
An investigation in 1987 found that Wilson was in violation of operating a hazardous
materials facility without a license. The Wilson Concepts site is located adjacent to
Chemform, Inc., another NPL site. Approximately 93,000 people depend on drinking
water from at least 4 municipal wells field located within 3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 03/31/89
Threats and Contaminants
On-site groundwater and surface water located in the storm drain are
contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the site spills
and overflows. On-site soils located near the storm drain are
contaminated with heavy metals and VOCs. The Biscayne Aquifer, a
water-bearing rock foundation, underlies the site. It is a sole source of
drinking water for all the residents in Broward County. Numerous cavities
in the quartz sand that overlies the limestone of this rock foundation
facilitate the movement of contaminants into the groundwater as well as
the movement of contaminated groundwater into drinking supplies.
Should the Biscayne Aquifer become contaminated, area residents using
this resource would be at risk.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
97
continued
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WILSON CONCEPTS OF FLORIDA
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on soil and
groundwater cleanup.
Response Action Status
Soil and Groundwater: The parties potentially responsible for site
contamination will conduct investigations into the type and extent of
contaminated soils and groundwater at the site and identify alternative
cleanup actions. The work plan for the study is currently under review by
the EPA and the field work for the study is slated to begin in 1990.
Site Facts: The EPA sent Notice Letters to the parties potentially responsible for
contaminating the site in 1989, requesting that these parties accept responsibility for
conducting an Investigation of site contamination and cleanup methods. Later that
year, the EPA and two potentially responsible parties signed an Administrative Order on
Consentlo conduct the investigative study. One of the potentially responsible parties,
CenTrust Bank, has been taken over by Federal regulators and is now administered by
the Resolution Trust. So far, this takeover has slowed the process for cleaning the site,
and the regulators have indicated that they will not comply with the Administrative
Order. Therefore, the EPA may need to take over responsibility for cleaning the site. It
is anticipated that the studies for the two adjacent sites, Wilson and Chem-Form, will
take place concurrently.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and
determined that there were no immediate threats to the surrounding community while
further investigations and cleanup activities take place at the Wilson Concepts site.
98
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WINGATE RD.
MUNICIPAL
INCINERATOR »
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD981021470
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 15
Broward County
Fort Lauderdale
Site Description
The Wingate Road Municipal Incinerator Dump covers 61 acres in Fort Lauderdale. The
site includes an incinerator, offices, and a 40-acre disposal area, all owned and operated
by the City of Fort Lauderdale. The incinerator and disposal areas were used from 1955
to 1978. Residential wastes, commercial wastes, and incinerator residue were
disposed of at the dump. The facility received 480 tons of waste a day and operated 7
days a week. Cooling water was pumped into the incinerator from on-site wells and
then discharged into an unlined lagoon in the southeast corner of the facility. Ash
residues mixed with sludge material from the lagoon were spread onto the ground in
the disposal area. According to a resident of the area, hazardous waste may have been
dumped on the site. In 1981, a resident reported to the Broward County Health
Department that 100 steel drums had been buried from 1955 to 1958 on a dirt road.
The EPA conducted tests in 1985 in the area and found pesticides in the surface and
subsurface soil in the dump area. Approximately 44,000 people reside within 1 mile of
the site, and an estimated 353,000 people draw drinking water from 4 municipal well
fields within 3 miles of the site. Land use in the area is a combination of residential,
commercial, and industrial.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
IMPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 10/04/89
IA
Threats and Contaminants
The soil and subsurface soil are contaminated with pesticides including
DDT, aldrin, and chlordane from former waste disposal practices at the
site. Direct contact with or accidental ingestion of the contaminated soil
from the area of the hazardous substances could pose a potential health
threat. The site is only partially fenced, making it possible for people and
animals to come into direct contact with hazardous substances. Elevated
pesticide concentrations were also reported in sediments from Rock Pit
Lake, which is used for recreational activities. The lake intersects the
Biscayne Aquifer, presenting a threat of contaminants entering the
drinking water supply.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
99
continued
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WINGATE RD. MUNICIPAL INCINERATOR DUMP
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase directed at cleanup of
the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: In preparation for initiating site cleanup activities, the EPA is
currently conducting a search for potentially responsible parties that have
contributed to site contamination. The EPA expects to begin a
comprehensive investigation in 1990 of site activities and will study various
cleanup strategies. Once the study is completed, a final remedy selection will be
made.
Environmental Progress
After placing the Wingate Road Municipal Incinerator Dump site on the NPL, the EPA
determined that the site does not pose an immediate threat to public health or the
environment while the site is undergoing intensive investigations into permanent
cleanup strategies.
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WOODBURY
CHEMICAL CO
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD004146346
Site Description
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 19
Bade County
1/2 mile southwest of Princeton
Since 1975, the 3-acre Woodbury Chemical Company has blended technical-grade
materials in 50-gallon vats to produce pesticides and fertilizers. The site consists of six
buildings including an office, warehouses, and production buildings, as well as several
aboveground storage tanks, the majority of which are diked. Most of the facility
grounds are paved. In 1986, the EPA identified various pesticides in four surface soil
samples from the site. An estimated 17,600 people live within 3 miles of the site.
These residents depend on the Biscayne Aquifer underlying the site for their drinking
water. The EPA has designated the aquifer as the sole source of drinking water for
Dade County. Three well fields and several private wells are within 3 miles of the site
and one private well is 570 feet from the site. A canal that flows into Biscayne Bay is '
approximately 2,350 feet northeast of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
IMPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Threats and Contaminants
The soil is contaminated with pesticides, including aldrin, dieldrin, and
chlordane from former site operations. Direct contact with the
contaminated soil may be a possible health threat. According to the
Florida Marine Patrol, manatees, which are designated as an endangered
species by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, are frequently seen near the
site.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
181
continued
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WOODBURY CHEMICAL COMPANY
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: The removal of contaminated soil by the parties
potentially responsible for site contamination began in 1990. The soil is
being taken to an off-site facility for proper disposal.
Entire Site: Negotiations have begun with the parties potentially
responsible for site contamination to conduct a study to determine the full
extent of contamination and to identify potential cleanup activities. Cleanup
, _ „
activities will begin soon after completion of these negotiations and investigations.
Site Facts: Notice Letters were sent in 1990 to the parties potentially responsible for
the contamination of the site.
Environmental Progress
The removal of contaminated soil has greatly reduced the potential for exposure to
hazardous materials at the Woodbury Chemical Company site and reduced the potential
for spread of contaminants. These actions have helped to protect the public and the
environment while further investigations take place.
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YELLOW WAT
ROAD DUMP
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD980844179
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST, 03
Duval County
1 mile south of Baldwin
Alias:
American Environmental Energy Co.
Site Description
Prior to commercial development, the 14-acre Yellow Water Road Dump site was part
of a dairy farm. The site was purchased in the late 1940s; however, it was not until
1981, with the formation of American Environmental Energy Corporation (AEEC), that
the site was developed for commercial uses. The AEEC was formed on the premise
that insulation fluids contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) could be
removed from transformers and the transformers could then be salvaged. AEEC
planned, through a joint venture with American Electric Corporation (AEC), to dispose of
the RGB-contaminated fluids in an 6n-site incinerator. From 1981 to 1984,
transformers, tanks, and drums filled with PCBs, waste oils, and solvents were
transported to the site for disposal. Incineration of PCBs never occurred, as neither
AEEC nor AEC were issued permits to conduct on-site incineration. The operation
ended when the property was rezoned. By that time, approximately 63,000 gallons of
oil and transformer fluid containing PCBs had leaked from containers, drums, and tanks,
according to the EPA. Two residences with private wells are located on the Yellow
Water Road site property. A trailer park with 100 residents using private wells is
located approximately 1/4 mile east of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
IMPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/01/85
Final Date: 06/01/86
IV
Threats and Contaminants
PCBs, iron, and lead from former site operations have been found in the
groundwater both on and off site. PCBs, hexachlorobenzene and arochlor
were detected in the soil samples taken from the site. Accidental
ingestion of contaminated groundwater and direct contact with
contaminated soil and groundwater may pose health threats. An
unnamed recreational pond 2,000 feet north of the site is also threatened
by contamination migrating from the site.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
103
continued
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YELLOW WATER ROAD DUMP
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of soil and groundwater.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1984, the EPA removed drums from the site,
empty drums were crushed, and full drums were staged for sampling.
tanks and a nearby pond were sampled. Transformers were sampled,
Six
opened, decontaminated, and removed from the site; the contaminated soil from the
area was excavated. In 1985, a water treatment system was set up for the water used
in the cleanup and for the water in the pond. After the cleanup was completed, the site
was closed and public access was denied.
Soil and Groundwater: The parties potentially responsible for the
contamination are currently conducting an investigation of the site to
determine if groundwater and soil contamination have been eliminated by
previous cleanup actions. The study, expected to be completed in 1990,
will describe any remaining contamination at the site, and recommendations for final
site cleanup methods will be made.
Site Facts: In 1985, the EPA secured a court order that prevented the owner of the
site from removing transformers from the site without the EPA's approval. The source
of contamination is still under question because, in 1980, a truck accident resulted in a
PCB/oil spill on the road near the site.
Environmental Progress
The immediate actions taken to remove contaminated drums and to decommission
transformers on the site have significantly reduced the potential for exposure to
hazardous materials at the Yellow Water Road Dump site while the investigation into a
permanent cleanup solution is taking place.
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ZELLWOOD
GROUNDWAT
CONTAMINAT
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD049985302
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 05
Orange County
1/2 mile west of the Town of Zellwood
Alias:
Drum Service Company of Florida
Site Description
The Zellwood Groundwater Contamination site covers 57 acres near Zellwood and is
occupied by four industries. Between 1963 and 1971, Drum Service Company of
Florida, a drum recycling facility, operated a wastewater disposal system without a
regulatory permit, treating and disposing of wastewater in two unlined on-site ponds.
In 1980, the company eliminated the use of these ponds and drained and removed
contaminated sediments from them. Douglas Fertilizer and Chemical Company and
Southern Liquid Fertilizer discharged wastewater from their production process into
three unlined lagoons. Additionally, from 1960 to 1983, the Zellwin Farms Company
facility, a vegetable washing and packing plant, discharged wastewater from the
vegetable washing process into a ditch. Approximately 300 homes are located within a
1-mile radius of the site and depend on private wells as their sole source of drinking
water. The Town of Zellwood is 1/2 mile away, and about 5,000 of its residents use
groundwater for drinking water. A portion of the site is a marshy wetland.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties'actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/01/81
Final Date: 09/01/83
L\
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater, sediments, soil, and sludges are contaminated with
organics including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), pesticides,
and heavy metals including arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and lead from
former waste disposal practices at the site. People who use
contaminated groundwater as their source of drinking water may be at
risk. Those who touch or accidentally ingest contaminated soil, sludges,
or sediments may be harmed. If contaminants have leached from the
lagoon areas into the on-site wetland, wildlife may be adversely affected.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
105
continued
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ZELLWOOD GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in three stages: an immediate action and two long-term
remedial phases focusing on soil cleanup and groundwater cleanup.
Response Action Status
Immediate Action: During an EPA inspection in 1982, an abandoned
drum area was discovered. Under EPA supervision, the party potentially
responsible for the drums, NAPA Properties, paid for their removal.
Soil and Groundwater: In 1987, the EPA selected two remedies to clean
up soil and groundwater which include: excavating the soils and
sediments and incinerating them on site; testing the residuals from
incineration to determine the appropriate method to dispose of them;
pumping the water and treating it; and flushing the treated groundwater back through
the abandoned drum area to clean up residual contamination. After these actions, long-
term groundwater monitoring for private drinking wells will be conducted. The EPA is
preparing the technical data and design for cleaning up the groundwater. Once the
design phase is finished in 1991, cleanup activities will begin.
Environmental Progress
The removal of drums has eliminated immediate threats to the public at the Zellwood
Groundwater Contamination site while further cleanup activities continue.
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62ND STREET
DUMP
FLORIDA
EPA ID# FLD980728877
REGION 4
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 07
Hillsborough County
Tampa
Site Description
The 62nd Street Dump is a 5-acre abandoned industrial waste dump in Tampa. The site
originally was used to mine sand. The areas excavated for sand were subsequently
used by several companies to dispose of various waste materials including shredded
automobile parts, batteries, waste cement, kiln dust, and kiln liners. The site came to
the attention of the Hillsborough County Environmental Protection Commission in
1976, when several fish kills occurred in the Peninsular Fisheries breeding ponds on the
western side of the dump. The site has been closed since 1976, but unauthorized
dumping of household garbage persisted for several years after the site closed. A
fence around the property presently prevents dumping. The site is located in the East
Lake/Orient Park neighborhood, which has a population of approximately 5,500 people.
The residents in the vicinity of the site use wells drawing on the Floridian Aquifer tor
their water supply. An 80-acre marshland that drains into a nearby lake is located
adjacent to the fish farm.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/01/82
Final Date: 09/01/83
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater is contaminated with heavy metals including arsenic and
lead from former waste disposal activities. Soil is contaminated with
heavy metals such as barium and lead, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs),
and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). During heavy rain, water
tends to accumulate in portions of the site, and the runoff may spread
contaminants in the soil and sediments to other areas. People may be at
risk from touching or accidentally ingesting the contaminated groundwater
or soil.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
107
continued
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62ND STREET DUMP
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of
the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The State of Florida is investigating the extent of
contamination at the site. In addition, various alternatives for cleaning the
groundwater will be examined. This investigation is slated for completion in
1990. The proposed remedy for the 62nd Street Dump site involves
solidifying and stabilizing shredded auto parts and battery wastes and capping the
entire landfill. Groundwater in the shallow aquifer exceeding the drinking water
standards for lead and chromium will be recovered and treated, with discharge to either
a local wastewater treatment plant or to the Palm River.
Environmental Progress
After adding the 62nd Street Dump site to the NPL, the EPA determined that the site
does not currently pose an immediate threat to the public or the environment while
investigations are being conducted to determine the best cleanup technologies for a
permanent remedy for the site contamination.
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f\ % his glossary defines the italicized terms used in the
"|,- x - site fact sheets for the State of Florida. The terms
and abbreviations contained in this glossary are often
defined in the context of hazardous waste management as
described in the site fact sheets, and apply specifically to work
performed under the Superfund program. Thus, these terms
may have other meanings when used in a different context.
Acids: Substances, characterized by low pH (less than
7.0) that are used in chemical manufacturing. Acids in
high concentration can be very corrosive and react with
many inorganic and organic substances. These reactions
may possibly create toxic compounds or release heavy
metal contaminants that remain in the environment long
after the acid is neutralized.
Administrative Order On Consent: A legal and enforceable agreement between EPA
and the parries potentially responsible for site contamination. Under the terms of the
Order, the potentially responsible parties agree to perform or pay for site studies or
cleanups. It also describes the oversight rules, responsibilities and enforcement options
that the government may exercise in the event of non-compliance by potentially respon-
sible parties. This Order is signed by PRPs and the government; it does not require
approval by a judge.
Administrative Order [Unilateral]: A legally binding document issued by EPA direct-
ing the parties potentially responsible to perform site cleanups or studies (generally,
EPA does not issue unilateral orders for site studies).
Aeration: A process that promotes breakdown of contaminants in soil or water by
exposing them to air.
Air Stripping: A process whereby volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) are removed from
contaminated material by forcing a stream of air through it in a pressurized vessel. The
contaminants are evaporated into the air stream. The air may be further treated before
it is released into the atmosphere.
Alluvial: An area of sand, clay, or other similar material that has been gradually depos-
ited by moving water, such as along a river bed or the shore of a lake.
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Ambient Air: Any unconfined part of the atmosphere. Refers to the air that may be
inhaled by workers or residents in the vicinity of contaminated air sources.
Aquifer: An underground layer of rock, sand, or gravel capable of storing water within
cracks and pore spaces, or between grains. When water contained within an aquifer is
of sufficient quantity and quality, it can be tapped and used for drinking or other pur-
poses. The water contained in the aquifer is called groundwater.
Arroyo: A dry gully; a rivulet or streambed.
Artesian (Well): A well made by drilling into the earth until water is reached which,
from internal pressure, flows up like a fountain.
Backfill: To refill an excavated area with removed earth; or the material itself that is
used to refill an excavated area.
Bases: Substances characterized by high pH (greater than 7.0), which tend to be corro-
sive in chemical reactions. When bases are mixed with acids, they neutralize each other,
forming salts.
Berm: A ledge, wall, or a mound of earth used to prevent the migration of contami-
nants.
Bioaccumulate: The process by which some contaminants or toxic chemicals gradually
collect and increase in concentration in living tissue, such as in plants, fish, or people as
they breathe contaminated air, drink contaminated water, or eat contaminated food.
Bioremediation: A cleanup process using naturally occurring or specially cultivated
microorganisms to digest contaminants naturally and break them down into nonhaz-
ardous components.
Borehole: A hole drilled into the ground used to sample soil and groundwater.
Borrow Pit: An excavated area where soil, sand, or gravel has been dug up for use
elsewhere.
Cap: A layer of material, such as clay or a synthetic material, used to prevent rainwater
from penetrating and spreading contaminated materials. The surface of the cap is
generally mounded or sloped so water will drain off.
Carbon Adsorption: A treatment system in which contaminants are removed from
groundwater and surface water by forcing water through tanks containing activated
G-2
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carbon, a specially treated material that attracts and holds or retains contaminants.
Carbon Disulfide: A degreasing agent formerly used extensively for parts washing.
This compound has both inorganic and organic properties, which increase cleaning
efficiency. However, these properties also cause chemical reactions that increase its
hazard to human health and the environment.
Carbon Treatment: [see Carbon Adsorption].
Cell: In solid waste disposal, one of a series of holes in a landfill where waste is
dumped, compacted, and covered with layers of dirt.
Chromated Copper Arsenate: An insecticide/herbicide formed from salts of three toxic
metals: copper, chromium, and arsenic. This salt is used extensively as a wood pre-
servative in pressure-treating operations. It is highly toxic and water soluble, making it
a relatively mobile contaminant in the environment.
Closure: The process by which a landfill stops accepting wastes and is shut down
under Federal guidelines that ensure the public and the environment is protected.
Confluence: The place where two bodies of water, such as streams, come together.
Consent Decree: A legal document, approved and issued by a judge, formalizing an
agreement between EPA and the parties potentially responsible for site contamination.
The decree describes cleanup actions that the potentially responsible parties are re-
quired to perform and/or the costs incurred by the government that the parties will
reimburse, as well as the roles, responsibilities, and enforcement options that the gov-
ernment may exercise in the event of non-compliance by potentially responsible parties.
If a settlement between EPA and a potentially responsible party includes cleanup ac-
tions, it must be in the form of a consent decree. A consent decree is subject to a public
comment period.
Consent Order: [see Administrative Order on Consent].
Containment: The process of enclosing or containing hazardous substances in a struc-
ture, typically in ponds and lagoons, to prevent the migration of contaminants into the
environment.
Cooperative Agreement: A contract between EPA and the states wherein a State agrees
to manage or monitor certain site cleanup responsibilities and other activities on a cost-
sharing basis.
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Creosotes: Chemicals used in wood preserving operations and produced by distillation
of tar, including polycydic aromatic hydrocarbons and polynudear aromatic hydrocar-
bons [see PAHs and PNAs]. Contaminating sediments, soils, and surface water, creo-
sotes may cause skin ulcerations and cancer with prolonged exposure.
Culvert A pipe under a road, railroad track, path, or through an embankment used for
drainage.
De minimis: This legal phrase pertains to settlements with parties who contributed
small amounts of hazardous waste at a site. This process allows EPA to settle with
small, or de minimis contributors, as a single group rather than as individuals, saving
time, money, and effort.
Decommission: To revoke a license to operate and take out of service.
Degrease: To remove grease from wastes, soils, or chemicals, usually using solvents.
Dewaten To remove water from wastes, soils, or chemicals.
Downgradienfc A downward hydrologic slope that causes groundwater to move
toward lower elevations. Therefore, wells downgradient of a contaminated groundwater
source are prone to receiving pollutants.
Downslope: [see Downgradient].
Effluent: Wastewater, treated or untreated, that flows out of a treatment plant, sewer,
or industrial outfall. Generally refers to wastes discharged into surface waters.
Emulsifiers: Substances that helps in mixing materials that don't normally mix; e.g., oil
and water.
Estuary (estuarine): Areas where fresh water from rivers and salt water from nearshore
ocean waters are mixed. These areas may include bays, mouths of rivers, salt marshes,
and lagoons. These water ecosystems shelter and feed marine life, birds, and wildlife.
Fly ash: Non-combustible residue that results from the combustion of flue gases. It can
include nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, water vapor, sulfur oxides, as well as many
other chemical pollutants.
French Drain System: A crushed rock drain system constructed of perforated pipes,
which is used to drain and disperse wastewater.
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Gasification (coal): The conversion of soft coal into gas for use as a fuel.
Generator: A facility that emits pollutants into the air or releases hazardous wastes into
water or soil.
Good Faith Offer: A voluntary offer, generally in response to a Special Notice letter,
made by a potentially responsible party that consists of a written proposal demonstrat-
ing a potentially responsible party's qualifications and willingness to perform a site
study or cleanup.
Halogens: Reactive non-metals, such as chlorine and bromine. Halogens are very good
oxidizing agents and, therefore, have many industrial uses. They are rarely found by
themselves; however, many chemicals such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), some
volatile organic compounds (VOGs), and dioxin are reactive because of the presence of
halogens.
Hot Spot: An area or vicinity of a site containing exceptionally high levels of contami-
nation.
Hydrogeology: The geology of groundwater, with particular emphasis on the chemis-
try and movement of water.
Impoundment: A body of water or sludge confined by a dam, dike, floodgate, or other
barrier.
Influent: Water, wastewater, or other liquid flowing into a reservoir, basin, or treat-
ment plant.
Installation Restoration Program: The specially funded program established in 1978
under which the Department of Defense has been identifying and evaluating its hazard-
ous waste sites and controlling the migration of hazardous contaminants from those
sites.
Intake: The source where a water supply is drawn from, such as from a river or water-
bed.
Interagency Agreement: A written agreement between EPA and a Federal agency that
has the lead for site cleanup activities (e.g. the Department of Defense), that sets forth
the roles and responsibilities of the agencies for performing and overseeing the activi-
ties. States are often parties to interagency agreements.
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GLOSSARY
Lagoon: A shallow pond where sunlight, bacterial action, and oxygen work to purify
wastewater. Lagoons are typically used for the storage of wastewaters,. sludges, liquid
wastes, or spent nuclear fuel.
Landfarm: To apply waste to land and/or incorporate waste into the surface soil, such
as fertilizer or soil conditioner. This practice is commonly used for disposal of com-
posted wastes.
Landfill: A disposal facility where waste is placed in or on land.
Leachate [n]: The liquid that trickles through or drains from waste, carrying soluble
components from the waste. Leach, Leaching [v.t.]: The process by which soluble
chemical components are dissolved and carried through soil by water or some other
percolating liquid.
Long-term Remedial Phase: Distinct, often incremental, steps that are taken to solve
site pollution problems. Depending on the complexity, site cleanup activities can be
separated into a number of these phases.
Migration: The movement of oil, gas, contaminants, water, or other liquids through
porous and permeable rock.
Mine (or Mill) Tailings: A fine, sandy residue left from ore milling operations. Tail-
ings often contain high concentrations of lead and arsenic or other heavy metals.
Mitigation: Actions taken to improve site conditions by limiting, reducing, or control-
ling toxicity and contamination sources.
Neutrals: Organic compounds that have a relatively neutral pH, complex structure
and, due to their organic bases, are easily absorbed into the environment. Naphthalene,
pyrene, and trichlorobenzene are examples of neutrals.
Nitroaromatics: Common component of explosive materials, which will explode if
activated by very high temperatures or pressures; 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is a ni-
troaromatic.
Notice Letter: A General Notice Letter notifies the parties potentially responsible for
site contamination of their possible liability. A Special Notice Letter begins a 60-day
formal period of negotiation during which EPA is not allowed to start work at a site or
initiate enforcement actions against potentially responsible parties, although EPA may
undertake certain investigatory and planning activities. The 60-day period may be
extended if EPA receives a good faith offer [see Good Faith Offer] within that period.
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Outfall: The place where wastewater is discharged into receiving waters.
Overpacking: Process used for isolating large volumes of waste by jacketing or encap-
sulating waste to prevent further spread or leakage of contaminating materials. Leak-
ing drums may be contained within oversized barrels as an interim measure prior to
removal and final disposal.
Pentachlorophenol (PCP): A synthetic, modified petrochemical that is used as a wood
preservative because of its toxicity to termites and fungi. It is a common component of
creosotes and can cause cancer.
Perched (groundwater): Groundwater separated from another underlying body of
ground water by a confining layer^ often day or rock.
Percolation: The downward flow or filtering of water or other liquids through subsur-
face rock or soil layers, usually continuing downward to groundwater.
Petrochemicals: Chemical substances produced from petroleum in refinery operations
and as fuel oil residues. These include fluoranthene, chrysene, mineral spirits, and
refined oils. Petrochemicals are the bases from which volatile organic compounds
(VOCs), plastics, and many pesticides are made. These chemical substances are often
toxic to humans and the environment.
Phenols: Organic compounds that are used in plastics manufacturing and are by-
products of petroleum refining, tanning, textile, dye, and resin manufacturing. Phenols
are highly poisonous and can make water taste and smell bad.
Plume: A body of contaminated groundwater flowing from a specific source. The
movement of the groundwater is influenced by such factors as local groundwater flow
patterns, the character of the aquifer in which groundwater is contained, and the den-
sity of contaminants.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons or Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs): PAHs,
such as pyrene, are a group of highly reactive organic compounds found in motor oil.
They are a common component of creosotes and can cause cancer.
Polychlorinated Biphenyis (PCBs): A group of toxic chemicals used for a variety of
purposes including electrical applications, carbonless copy paper, adhesives, hydraulic
fluids, microscope emersion oils, and caulking compounds. PCBs are also produced in
certain combustion processes. PCBs are extremely persistent in the environment be-
cause they are very stable, non-reactive, and highly heat resistant. Burning them pro-
duces even more toxins. Chronic exposure to PCBs is believed to cause liver damage. It
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GtOSSXRY:
is also known to bioaccumulate in fatty tissues. PCB use and sale was banned in 1979
with the passage of the Toxic Substances Control Act.
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PNAs): PNAs, such as naphthalene, and biphen-
yls, are a group of highly reactive organic compounds that are a common component of
creosotes, which can be carcinogenic.
Polyyinyl Chloride (PVC): A plastic made from the gaseous substance vinyl chloride.
PVC is used to make pipes, records, raincoats, and floor tiles. Health risks from high
concentrations of vinyl chloride include liver cancer and lung cancer, as well as cancer
of the lymphatic and nervous systems.
Potentially Responsible Parties (PRPs): Parties, including owners, who may have
contributed to the contamination at a Superfund site and may be liable for costs of
response actions. Parties are considered PRPs until they admit liability or a court makes
a determination of liability. This means that PRPs may sign a consent decree or admin-
istrative order on consent [see Administrative Order on Consent] to participate in site
cleanup activity without admitting liability.
Radionudides: Elements, including radium, and uranium-235 and -238, which break
down and produce radioactive substances due to their unstable atomic structure. Some
are man-made and others are naturally occurring in the environment. Radon, which is
the gaseous form of radium, decays to form alpha particle radiation, which can be easily
blocked by skin. However, it can be inhaled, which allows alpha particles to affect
unprotected tissues directly and thus cause cancer. Uranium, when split during fission
in a nuclear reactor, forms more radionuclides which, when ingested, can also cause
cancer. Radiation also occurs naturally through the breakdown of granite.stones.
Remedial: A course of study combined with actions to correct site contamination
problems through identifying the nature and extent of cleanup strategies under the
Superfund program.
Retention Pond: A small body of liquid used for disposing wastes and to contain
overflow from production facilities. Sometimes retention ponds are used to expand the
capacity of such structures as lagoons to store waste.
Runoff: The discharge of water over land into surface water. It can carry pollutants
from the air and land into receiving waters.
Sediment: The layer of soil, sand and minerals at the bottom of surface waters, such as
streams, lakes, and rivers that absorb contaminants.
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Seeps: Specific points where releases of liquid (usually leachate) form from waste
disposal areas, particularly along the lower edges of landfills.
Seepage Pits: A hole, shaft, or cavity in the ground used for storage of liquids, usually
in the form of leachate, from waste disposal areas. The liquid gradually leaves the pit
by moving through the surrounding soil.
Septage: Residue remaining in a septic tank after the treatment process.
Sinkhole: A hollow depression in the land surface in which drainage collects; associ-
ated with underground caves and passages that facilitate the movement of liquids.
Sludge: Semi-solid residues from industrial or water treatment processes that may be
contaminated with hazardous materials.
Slurry Wall: Barriers used to contain the flow of contaminated groundwater or subsur-
face liquids. Slurry walls are constructed by digging a trench around a contaminated
area and filling the trench with an impermeable material that prevents water from
passing through it. The groundwater or contaminated liquids trapped within the area
surrounded by the slurry wall can be extracted and treated.
Stabilization: The process of changing an active substance into inert, harmless mate-
rial, or physical activities at a site that act to limit the further spread of contamination
without actual reduction of toxicity.
Stillbottom: Residues left over from the process of recovering spent solvents.
Stripping: A process used to remove volatile contaminants from a substance [see Air
Stripping].
Sumps: A pit or tank that catches liquid runoff for drainage or disposal.
Surge Tanks: A holding structure used to absorb irregularities in flow of liquids, in-
cluding liquid waste materials.
Trichloroethylene (TCE): A stable, colorless liquid with a low boiling point. TCE has
many industrial applications, including use as a solvent and as a metal degreasing
agent. TCE may be toxic to people when inhaled, ingested, or through skin contact and
can damage vital organs, especially the liver [see also Volatile Organic Compounds],
Unilateral [Administrative] Order: [see Administrative Order on Consent].
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GLOSSARY
Upgradient: An upward slope; demarks areas that are higher than contaminated areas
and, therefore, are not prone to contamination by the movement of polluted groundwa-
ter.
Upslope: Upstream; often used relative to groundwater [see Upgradient].
Vegetated Soil Cap: A cap constructed with graded soils and seed for vegetative
growth to prevent erosion [see Cap].
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs): VOCs are made as secondary petrochemicals.
They include light alcohols, acetone, trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, dichloroeth-
ylene, benzene, vinyl chloride, toluene, and methylene chloride. These potentially toxic
chemicals are used as solvents, degreasers, paints, thinners, and fuels. Because of their
volatile nature, they readily evaporate into the air, increasing the potential exposure to
humans. Due to their low water solubility, environmental persistence, and widespread
industrial use, they are commonly found in soil and groundwater.
Watershed: The land area that drains into a stream or other water body.
Wetland: An area that is regularly saturated by surface or groundwater and, under
normal circumstances, capable of supporting vegetation typically adapted for life in
saturated soil conditions. Wetlands are critical to sustaining many species of fish and
wildlife. Wetlands generally include swamps, marshes, and bogs. Wetlands may be
either coastal or inland. Coastal wetlands have salt or brackish (a mixture of salt and
fresh) water, and most have tides, while inland wetlands are non-tidal and freshwater.
Coastal wetlands are an integral component of estuaries.
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