EPA/540/4-90/014
September 1990
NATIONAL PRIORITIES LIST SITES:
Illinois
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Emergency & .Remedial Response
Office of Program Management
Washington, B.C. 20460
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If you wish to purchase copies of any additional State volumes or the National
Overview volume, Superfund: Focusing on the Nation at Large, contact:
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
U.S. Department of Commerce
5285 Port Royal Road
Springfield, VA 22161
(703) 487-4600
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PAGE
INTRODUCTION:
A Brief Overview iii
SUPERFUND:
How Does the Program Work to Clean Up Sites vii
How To:
Using the State Volume xvii
NFL SITES:
A State Overview xxi
THE NPL PROGRESS REPORT .....xxiii
NPL: Site Fact Sheets 1
GLOSSARY:
Terms Used in the Fact Sheets G-l
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11
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WHY THE SUPERFUND
PROGRAM?
s the 1970s came to a
close, a series of head-
line stories gave
Americans a look at the
dangers of dumping indus-
trial and urban wastes on the
land. First there was New
York's Love Canal. Hazard-
ous waste buried there over a
25-year period contaminated
streams and soil, and endan-
gered the health of nearby
residents. The result: evacu-
ation of several hundred
people. Then the leaking
barrels at the Valley of the
Drums in Kentucky attracted
public attention, as did the
dioxin tainted land and water
in Times Beach, Missouri.
In all these cases, human
health and the environment
were threatened, lives were
disrupted, property values
depreciated. It became in-
creasingly clear that there
were large numbers of serious
hazardous waste problems
that were falling through the
cracks of existing environ-
mental laws. The magnitude
of these emerging problems
moved Congress to enact the
Comprehensive Environ-
mental Response, Compensa-
tion, and Liability Act in 1980.
CERCLA commonly
known as the Superfund
was the first Federal law
established to deal with the
dangers posed by the
Nation's hazardous waste
sites.
After Discovery, the Problem
Intensified
Few realized the size of the
problem until EPA began the
process of site discovery and
site evaluation. Not hun-
dreds, but thousands of
potential hazardous waste
sites existed, and they pre-
sented the Nation with some
of the most complex pollution
problems it had ever faced.
In the 10 years since the
Superfund program began,
hazardous waste has surfaced
as a major environmental
concern in every part of the
United States. It wasn't just
the land that was contami-
nated by past disposal prac-
tices. Chemicals in the soil
were spreading into the
groundwater (a source of
drinking water for many) and
into streams, lakes, bays, and
wetlands. Toxic vapors
contaminated the air at some
sites, while at others improp-
erly disposed or stored
wastes threatened the health
of the surrounding commu-
nity and the environment.
EPA Identified More than
1,200 Serious Sites
EPA has identified 1,236
hazardous waste sites as the
most serious in the Nation.
These sites comprise the
"National Priorities List":
sites targeted for cleanup
under the Superfund. But site
discoveries continue, and
EPA estimates that, while
some will be deleted after
lengthy cleanups, this list,
commonly called the NPL,
will continue to grow by ap-
proximately 100 sites per
year, reaching 2,100 sites by
the year 2000.
THE NATIONAL
CLEANUP EFFORT IS
MUCH MORE THAN
THE NPL
From the beginning of the
program, Congress recog-
nized that the Federal govern-
ment could not and should
not address all environmental
problems stemming from past
disposal practices. Therefore,
the EPA was directed to set
priorities and establish a list
of sites to target. Sites on the
NPL (1,236) are thus a rela-
iii
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INTRODUCTION
lively small subset of a larger
inventory of potential hazard-
ous waste sites, but tihey do
comprise the most complex
and environmentally compel-
ling cases. EPA has logged
more than 32,000 sites on its
National hazardous waste
inventory, and assesses each
site within one year of being
logged. In fact, over 90 per-
cent of the sites on the inven-
tory have been assessed. Of
the assessed sites, 55 percent
have been found to require no
further Federal action because
they did not pose significant
human health or environ-
mental risks. The remaining
sites are undergoing further
assessment to determine if
long-term Federal cleanup
activities are appropriate.
EPA IS MAKING
PROGRESS ON SITE
CLEANUP
The goal of the Superfund
program is to tackle immedi-
ate dangers first, and then
move through the progressive
steps necessary to eliminate
any long-term risks to public
health and the environment.
The Superfund responds
immediately to sites posing
imminent threats to human
health and the environment
at both NPL sites and sites
not on the NPL. The purpose
is to stabilize, prevent, or
temper the effects of a haz-
ardous release, or the threat
of one. These might include
tire fires or transportation
accidents involving the spill
of hazardous chemicals.
Because they reduce the
threat a site poses to human
health and the environment,
immediate cleanup actions
are an integral part of the
Superfund program.
Immediate response to immi-
nent threats is one of the
Superfund's most noted
achievements. Where immi-
nent threats to the public or
environment were evident,
EPA has completed or moni-
tored emergency actions that
attacked the most serious
threats to toxic exposure in
more than 1,800 cases.
The ultimate goal for a haz-
ardous waste site on the NPL
is a permanent solution to an
environmental problem that
presents a serious (but not an
imminent) threat to the public
or environment. This often
requires a long-term effort. In
the last four years, EPA has
aggressively accelerated its
efforts to perform these long-
term cleanups of NPL sites.
More cleanups were started
in 1987, when the Superfund
law was amended, than in
any previous year. And in
1989 more sites than ever
reached the construction
stage of the Superfund
cleanup process. Indeed
construction starts increased
by over 200 percent between
late 1986 and 1989! Of the
sites currently on the NPL,
more than 500 nearly half
have had construction
cleanup activity. In addition,
over 500 more sites are pres-
ently in the investigation
stage to determine the extent
of site contamination, and to
identify appropriate cleanup
remedies. Many other sites
with cleanup remedies se-
lected are poised for the start
of cleanup construction activ-
ity. Measuring success by
"progress through the
cleanup pipeline," EPA is
clearly gaining momentum.
EPA MAKES SURE
CLEANUP WORKS
EPA has gained enough
experience in cleanup con-
struction to understand that
environmental protection
does not end when the rem-
edy is in place. Many com-
plex technologies like
those designed to clean up
groundwater must operate
for many years in order to
accomplish their objectives.
EPA's hazardous waste site
managers are committed to
proper operation and mainte-
nance of every remedy con-
structed. No matter who has
been delegated responsibility
for monitoring the cleanup
work, the EPA will assure
that the remedy is carefully
followed and that it continues
to do its job.
Likewise, EPA does not
abandon a site even after the
cleanup work is done. Every
IV
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five years the Agency reviews
each site where residues from
hazardous waste cleanup still
remain to ensure that public
and environmental health are
still being safeguarded. EPA
will correct any deficiencies
discovered and report to the
public annually on all five-
year reviews conducted that
year.
CITIZENS HELP SHAPE
DECISIONS
Superfund activities also
depend upon local citizen
participation. EPA's job is to
analyze the hazards and
deploy the experts, but the
Agency needs citizen input as
it makes choices for affected
communities.
Because the people in a
community with a Superfund
site will be those most di-
rectly affected by hazardous
waste problems and cleanup
processes, EPA encourages
citizens to get involved in
cleanup decisions. Public in-
volvement and comment does
influence EPA cleanup plans
by providing valuable infor-
mation about site conditions,
community concerns and
preferences.
This State volume and the
companion National Over-
view volume provide general
Superfund background
information and descriptions
of activities at each State NPL
site. These volumes are
intended to clearly describe
what the problems are, what
EPA and others participating
in site cleanups are doing,
and how we as a Nation can
move ahead in solving these
serious problems.
USING THE STATE AND
NATIONAL VOLUMES
IN TANDEM
To understand the big picture
on hazardous waste cleanup,
citizens need to hear about
both environmental progress
across the country and the
cleanup accomplishments
closer to home. The public
should understand the chal-
lenges involved in hazardous
waste cleanup and the deci-
sions we must make as a
Nation in finding the best
solutions.
The National Overview
volume Superfund: Focus-
ing on the Nation at Large
accompanies this State vol-
ume. The National Overview
contains important informa-
tion to help you understand
the magnitude and challenges
facing the Superfund pro-
gram as well as an overview
of the National cleanup effort.
The sections describe the
nature of the hazardous
waste problem nationwide,
threats and contaminants at
NPL sites and their potential
effects on human health and
the environment, the Super-
fund program's successes in
cleaning up the Nation's
serious hazardous waste sites,
and the vital roles of the
various participants hi the
cleanup process.
This State volume compiles
site summary fact sheets on
each State site being cleaned
up under the Superfund
program. These sites repre-
sent the most serious hazard-
ous waste problems in the
Nation, and require the most
complicated and costly site
solutions yet encountered.
Each State book gives a
"snapshot" of the conditions
and cleanup progress that has
been made at each NPL site in
the State through the first half
of 1990. Conditions change as
our cleanup efforts continue,
so these site summaries will
be updated periodically to
include new information on
progress being made.
To help you understand the
cleanup accomplishments
made at these sites, this State
volume includes a description
of the process for site discov-
ery, threat evaluation and
long-term cleanup of Super-
fund sites. This description
How Does the Program
Work to Clean Up Sites?
will serve as a good reference
point from which to review
the cleanup status at specific
sites. A glossary also is
included at the back of the
book that defines key terms
used in the site fact sheets as
they apply to hazardous
waste management.
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vi
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The diverse problems posed by the Nation's hazardous
t waste sites have provided EPA with the challenge to
.. , establish a consistent approach for evaluating and
cleaning up the Nation's most serious sites. To do this, EPA
had to step beyond its traditional role as a regulatory agency
to develop processes and guidelines for each step in these
technically complex site cleanups. EPA has established proce-
dures to coordinate the efforts of its Washington, D.C. Head-
quarters program offices and its front-line staff in 10 Regional
Offices with the State governments, contractors, and private
parties who are participating in site cleanup. An important
part of the process is that any time during cleanup, work can
be led by EPA or the State or, under their monitoring, by
private parties who are potentially responsible for site con-
tamination.
The process for discovery of the site, evaluation of threat, and
long-term cleanup of Superfund sites is summarized in the
following pages. The phases of each of these steps are high-
lighted within the description. The flow diagram below pro-
vides a summary of this three step process.
\ ^W^ ~.y~.-"A
STEP1
Discover site
and determine
whether an
emergency
exists*
STEP 2
Evaluate whether
a site is a serious
threat to public
health or
environment
STEPS
Perform long-term
cleanup actions on
the most serious
hazardous waste
sites in the Nation
' Emergency actions are performed whenever needed in this three-step process
FIGURE 1
Although this State book provides a current "snapshot" of site progress made only by emer-
gency actions and long-term cleanup actions at Superfund sites, it is important to understand
the discovery and evaluation process that leads up to identifying and cleaning up these most
serious uncontrolled or abandoned hazardous waste sites in the Nation. This discovery and
evaluation process is the starting point for this summary description.
Vll
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SUPERFUNI)
How does EFA learn
about potential
hazardous waste,,
'sites?
CT
JL'
r
What happens if
Ithere is an
danger?
»" M ,'B "i*< *«!« 1 5^^_^v
h , ***« - s§ "^;, -^
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Jttmiinent dange^ t \]
iiow does HM' T "7 ^1
suLiip "t t "I th, t «.^» ^«^r'r<['«1 %,"«, «. <,
-------
EPA may determine that there is no imminent danger from a
site, so now any long-term threats need to be evaluated. In
either case, a more comprehensive investigation is needed to
determine if a site poses a serious but not imminent danger,
and requires a long-term cleanup action.
Once a site is discovered and any needed emergency actions
are taken, EPA or the State collects all available background
information not only from their own files, but also from local
records and U.S. Geological Survey maps. This information is
used to identify the site and to perform a preliminary assess-
ment of its potential hazards. This is a quick review of readily
available information to answer the questions:
Are hazardous substances likely to be present?
How are they contained?
How might contaminants spread?
How close is the nearest well, home, or natural resource
area like a wetland or animal sanctuary?
What may be harmed the land, water, air, people,
plants, or animals?
Some sites do not require further action because the prelimi-
nary assessment shows that they don't threaten public health
or the environment. But even in these cases, the sites remain
listed in the Superfund inventory for record keeping purposes
and future reference. Currently, there are more than 32,000
sites maintained in this inventory.
Inspectors go to the site to collect additional information to
evaluate its hazard potential. During this site inspection, they
look for evidence of hazardous waste, such as leaking drums
and dead or discolored vegetation. They may take some
samples of soil, well water, river water, and air. Inspectors
analyze the ways hazardous materials could be polluting the
environment such as runoff into nearby streams. They also
check to see if people (especially children) have access to the
site.
Information collected during the site inspection is used to
identify the sites posing the most serious threats to human
health and the environment. This way EPA can meet the
^ <
that- a ,se*jpa.$ Unreal"""""
- may exist/ wtiat's trh« v
Tjhe iwglte pi UMJ V~"T^
IX
-------
SUPERJFUND
"\i
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V -
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STEP 3: LONG-TERM CLEANUP ACTIONS
The ultimate goal for a hazardous waste site on the NPL is a
permanent, long-term cleanup. Since every site presents a
unique set of challenges, there is no single all-purpose solu-
tion. So a five-phase "remedial response" process is used to
develop consistent and workable solutions to hazardous waste
problems across the Nation:
1. Investigate in detail the extent of the site contamination:
remedial investigation,
2. Study the range of possible cleanup remedies: feasibility
study,
3. Decide which remedy to use: Record of Decision or ROD,
4. Plan the remedy: remedial design, and
5. Carry out the remedy: remedial action.
This remedial response process is a long-term effort to provide
a permanent solution to an environmental problem that
presents a serious, but not an imminent threat to the public or
environment.
The first two phases of a long-term cleanup are a combined
remedial investigation and feasibility study (RI/FS) that
determine the nature and extent of contamination at the site,
and identify and evaluate cleanup alternatives. These studies
may be conducted by EPA or the State or, under their monitor-
ing, by private parties.
Like the initial site inspection described earlier, a remedial
investigation involves an examination of site data in order to
better define the problem. But the remedial investigation is
much more detailed and comprehensive than the initial site
inspection.
A remedial investigation can best be described as a carefully
designed field study. It includes extensive sampling and
laboratory analyses to generate more precise data on the types
and quantities of wastes present at the site, the type of soil and
water drainage patterns, and specific human health and
environmental risks. The result is information that allows
EPA to select the cleanup strategy that is best suited to a
particular site or to determine that no cleanup is needed.
tM stepsjto
*fe-
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XI
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SUPERFUND
Pkcing a site on the NPL does not necessarily mean that
cleanup is needed. It is possible for a site to receive an HRS
score high enough to be added to the NPL, but not ultimately
require cleanup actions. Keep in mind that the purpose of the
scoring process is to provide a preliminary and conservative
assessment of potential risk. During subsequent site investiga-
tions, the EPA may find either that there is no real threat or
that the site does not pose significant human health or envi-
ronmental risks.
ii n
MIININ 11 i \m if t * »«
Itow are clean«p
tijtematlves
identified and
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i il mi y in « » « is \\s .5
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x
EPA or the State or, under their monitoring, private parties
identify and analyze specific site cleanup needs based on the
extensive information collected during the remedial investiga-
tion. This analysis of cleanup alternatives is called a feasibility
study.
Since cleanup actions must be tailored exactly to the needs of
each individual site, more than one possible cleanup alterna-
tive is always considered. After making sure that all potential
cleanup remedies fully protect human health and the environ-
ment and comply with Federal and State laws, the advantages
and disadvantages of each cleanup alternative are carefully
compared. These comparisons are made to determine their
effectiveness in the short- and long-term, their use of perma-
nent treatment solutions, and their technical feasibility and
cost.
To the maximum extent practicable, the remedy must be a
permanent solution and use treatment technologies to destroy
principal site contaminants. But remedies such as containing
the waste on site or removing the source of the problem (like
leaking barrels) are often considered effective. Often special
pilot studies are conducted to determine the effectiveness and
feasibility of using a particular technology to clean up a site.
Therefore, the combined remedial investigation and feasibility
study can take between 10 and 30 months to complete, de-
pending on the size and complexity of the problem.
Yes. The Superfund kw requires that the public be given the
opportunity to comment on the proposed cleanup plan. Their
concerns are carefully considered before a final decision is
made.
H Jit
xii
-------
-"v.
The results of the remedial investigation and feasibility study,
which also point out the recommended cleanup choice, are
published in a report for public review and comment. EPA or
the State encourages the public to review the information and
take an active role in the final cleanup decision. Fact sheets
and announcements in local papers let the community know
where they can get copies of the study and other reference
documents concerning the site.
The public has a minimum of 30 days to comment on the
proposed cleanup plan after it is published. These comments
can either be written or given verbally at public meetings that
EPA or the State are required to hold. Neither EPA nor the
State can select the final cleanup remedy without evaluating
and providing written answers to specific community com-
ments and concerns. This "responsiveness summary" is part
of EPA's write-up of the final remedy decision, called the
Record of Decision or ROD. j
The ROD is a public document that explains the cleanup
remedy chosen and the reason it was selected. Since sites
frequently are large and must be cleaned up in stages, a ROD
may be necessary for each contaminated resoiirce or area of
the site. This may be necessary when contaminants have
spread into the soil, water and air, and affect such sensitive
areas as wetlands, or when the site is large and cleaned up in
stages. This often means that a number of remedies using
different cleanup technologies are needed to £lean up a single
site.
\
Yes. Before a specific cleanup action is carried out, it must be
designed in detail to meet specific site needs. This stage of the
cleanup is called the remedial design. The design phase
provides the details on how the selected remedy will be
engineered and constructed.
Projects to clean up a hazardous waste site may appear to be
like any other major construction project butjjn fact, the likely
presence of combinations of dangerous chemicals demands
special construction planning and procedures. Therefore, the
design of the remedy can take anywhere from 6 months to 2
years to complete. This blueprint for site cleanup includes not
only the details on every aspect of the construction work, but a
description of the types of hazardous wastes expected at the
to a siftc^Tddes ^
ie desist of the^ .. x-;\:
xiii
-------
SUPERFUND
'H ^ ,,. *.V s^*" ^ ,|
Once iiie desigpti is" ^"1
complete, How Ibng^^^l
does it take jo ' ^\ "v|
"ac^ajllyde^w^the" \
'site.
It costt
in i mm |j«*!«>« ^
till! in up i i« mills
Once the cleanup
4*i.h \ ^ t? rf »,XHXi. ^ ^*'%^
J&ion is
the
lit; !!
, "1
site, special plans for environmental protection, worker safety,
regulatory compliance, and equipment decontamination.
The time and cost for performing the site cleanup called the
remedial action are as varied as the remedies themselves.
In a few cases, the only action needed may be to remove
drums of hazardous waste and decontaminate them an
action that takes limited time and money. In most cases,
however, a remedial action may involve different and expen-
sive measures that can take a long time.
For example, cleaning polluted groundwater or dredging
contaminated river bottoms can take several years of complex
engineering work before contamination is reduced to safe
levels. Sometimes the selected cleanup remedy described in
the ROD may need to be modified because of new contami-
nant information discovered or difficulties that were faced
during the early cleanup activities. Taking into account these
differences, a remedial cleanup action takes an average of 18
months to complete and costs an average of $26 million per
site.
No. The deletion of a site from the NPL is anything but auto-
matic. For example, cleanup of contaminated groundwater
may take up to 20 years or longer. Also, in some cases the
long-term monitoring of the remedy is required to ensure that
it is effective. After construction of certain remedies, opera-
tion and maintenance (e.g., maintenance of ground cover,
groundwater monitoring, etc.) or continued pumping and
treating of groundwater, may be required to ensure that the
remedy continues to prevent future health hazards or environ-
mental damage, and ultimately meets the cleanup goals
specified in the ROD. Sites in this final monitoring or opera-
tional stage of the cleanup process are designated as "con-
struction completed".
Ifs not until a site cleanup meets all the goals and monitoring
requirements of the selected remedy that EPA can officially
propose the site for "deletion" from the NPL. And it's not
until public comments are taken into consideration that a site
can actually be deleted from the NPL. Deletions that have
occurred are included in the "Construction Complete" cate-
gory in the progress report found later in this book.
xiv
-------
Yes. Based on the belief that "the polluters should pay," after a
site is placed on the NPL, the EPA makes a thorough effort to
identify and find those responsible for causing contamination
problems at a site. Although EPA is willing to negotiate with
these private parties and encourages voluntary cleanup, it has
the authority under the Superfund kw to legally force those
potentially responsible for site hazards to take specific cleanup
actions. All work performed by these parties is closely guided
and monitored by EPA, and must meet the same standards
required for actions financed through the Superfund.
Because these enforcement actions can be lengthy, EPA may
decide to use Superfund monies to make sure a site is cleaned
up without unnecessary delay. For example, if a site presents
an imminent threat to public health and the environment, or if
conditions at a site may worsen, it could be necessary to start
the cleanup right away. Those responsible for causing site
contamination are liable under the law for repaying the money
EPA spends in cleaning up the site.
Whenever possible, EPA and the Department of Justice use
their legal enforcement authorities to require responsible
parties to pay for site cleanups, thereby preserving the Super-
fund for emergency actions and sites where no responsible
parties can be identified.
' '"«^ii|amma.tioii pay?;~ "-'-
xv
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TAX
-------
he Site Fact Sheets
presented in this book
'"'"""""' ?. are comprehensive
* "summaries that cover a broad
range of information. The
fact sheets describe hazard-
ous waste sites on the Na-
tional Priorities List (NPL)
and their locations, as well as
the conditions leading to their
listing ("Site Description").
They list the types of con-
taminants that have been dis-
covered and related threats to
public and ecological health
("Threats and Contami-
nants"). "Cleanup Ap-
proach" presents an overview
of the cleanup activities
completed, underway, or
planned. The fact sheets
conclude with a brief synop-
sis of how much progress has
been made on protecting
public health and the envi-
ronment. The summaries also
pinpoint other actions, such
as legal efforts to involve pol-
luters responsible for site
contamination and commu-
nity concerns.
The following two pages
show a generic fact sheet and
briefly describes the informa-
tion under each section. The
square "icons" or symbols ac-
companying the text allow
the reader to see at a glance
which environmental re-
sources are affected and the
status of cleanup activities.
Icons in the Threats
and Contaminants
Section
Contaminated
Groundwater re-
sources in the vicinity
or underlying the site.
(Groundwater is often used
as a drinking water source.)
Contaminated Stir-
face Water and
Sediments on or near
the site. (These include lakes,
ponds, streams, and rivers.)
Contaminated Air in
the vicinity of the
site. (Pollution is
usually periodic and involves
contaminated dust particles
or hazardous gas emissions.)
Contaminated Soil
and Sludges on or
near the site.
Threatened or
contaminated Envi-
ronmentally Sensi-
tive Areas in the vicinity of
the site. (Examples include
wetlands and coastal areas,
critical habitats.)
Icons in the Response
Action Status Section
Actions
have been taken or
are underway to
eliminate immediate threats
at the site.
Site Studies at the
site are planned or
underway.
Remedy Selected
indicates that site
investigations have
been concluded
and EPA has se-
lected a final cleanup remedy
for the site or part of the site.
Remedy Design
means that engi-
neers are prepar-
ing specifications
and drawings for the selected
cleanup technologies.
Cleanup Ongoing
indicates that the
selected cleanup
remedies for the
contaminated site or part
of the site are currently
underway.
Cleanup Complete
shows that all
cleanup goals have
been achieved for
the contaminated site or part
of the site.
xvii
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Site Responsibility
Identifies the Federal, State,
and/or potentially responsible
parties that are taking
responsibility for cleanup
actions at the site.
EPA REGION
CONGRESSIONAL DIST
County Name
SITE NAME
SIME
EPA ID# ABCOOOOOOOO
Site Description
NPL Listing
History
Dates when the site
was Proposed,
made Final, and
Deleted from the
NPL
Threats and Contaminants
Cleanup Approach
Re*ponse Action 8t«tu»
Environmental Progress
A summary of the actions to reduce the threats to nearby residents and
the surrounding environment; progress towards cleaning up the site
and goals of the cleanup plan are given here.
XVlll
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WHAT THE FACT SHEETS CONTAIN
Site Description
This section describes the location and history of the site. It includes
descriptions of the most recent activities and past actions at the site that have
contributed to the contamination. Population estimates, land usages, and nearby
resources give readers background on the local setting surrounding the site.
Throughout the site description and other sections of the site summary, technical
or unfamiliar terms that are italicized are presented in the glossary at the end of
the book. Please refer to the glossary for more detailed explanation or definition
of the terms.
Threats and Contaminants
The major chemical categories of site contamination are noted as well as
which environmental resources are affected. Icons representing each of the
affected resources (may include air, groundwater, surface water, soil and
contamination to environmentally sensitive areas) are included in the margins
of this section. Potential threats to residents and the surrounding
environments arising from the site contamination are also described. Specific
contaminants and contaminant groupings are italicized and explained in more
detail in the glossary.
Cleanup Approach
This section contains a brief overview of how the site is being cleaned up.
Response Action Status
Specific actions that have been accomplished or will be undertaken to clean up
the site are described here. Cleanup activities at NPL sites are divided into
separate phases depending on the complexity and required actions at the site.
Two major types of cleanup activities are often described: initial, immediate or
emergency actions to quickly remove or reduce imminent threats to the
community and surrounding areas; and long-term remedial phases directed at
final cleanup at the site. Each stage of the cleanup strategy is presented in this
section of the summary. Icons representing the stage of the cleanup process
(initial actions, site investigations, EPA selection of the cleanup remedy,
engineering design phase, cleanup activities underway and completed cleanup)
are located in the margin next to each activity description.
Site Facts
Additional informa^n on activities and events at the site are included in this
section. Often details on legal or administrative actions taken by EPA to achieve
site cleanup or other facts pertaining to community involvement with the site
cleanup process are reported here.
XIX
-------
The fact sheets are arranged
in alphabetical order by site
name. Because site cleanup is
a dynamic and gradual
process, all site information is
accurate as of the date shown
on the bottom of each page.
Progress is always being
made at NPL sites, and EPA
will periodically update the
Site Fact Sheets to reflect
recent actions and publish
updated State volumes.
HOW CAN YOU USE
THIS STATE BOOK?
You can use this book to keep
informed about the sites that
concern you, particularly
ones close to home. EPA is
committed to involving the
public in the decisionmaking
process associated with
hazardous waste cleanup.
The Agency solicits input
from area residents in com-
munities affected by Super-
fund sites. Citizens are likely
to be affected not only by
hazardous site conditions, but
also by the remedies that
combat them. Site cleanups
take many forms and can
affect communities in differ-
ent ways. Local traffic may
be rerouted, residents may be
relocated, temporary water
supplies may be necessary.
Definitive information on a
site can help citizens sift
through alternatives and
make decisions. To make
good choices, you must know
what the threats are and how
EPA intends to clean up the
site. You must understand
the cleanup alternatives being
proposed for site cleanup and
how residents may be af-
fected by each one. You also
need to have some idea of
how your community intends
to use the site in the future
and to know what the com-
munity can realistically
expect once the cleanup is
complete.
EPA wants to develop
cleanup methods that meet
community needs, but the
Agency can only take local
concerns into account if it
understands what they are.
Information must travel both
ways in order for cleanups to
be effective and satisfactory.
Please take this opportunity
to learn more, become in-
volved, and assure that
hazardous waste cleanup at
"your" site considers your
community's concerns.
xx
-------
NPL Sites in
State of Illinois
Illinois is bordered by Wisconsin to the north, Lake Michigan and Indiana to the east,
Iowa and Missouri to the west, and Kentucky to the south. The State covers 56,345
square miles and consists of prairie and fertile plains throughout, with open hills in the
southern regions. Illinois experienced a 1.6 percent increase in population during the
1980s and currently has approximately 11,614,000 residents; ranking 6th in U.S. popu-
lations. Principal State industries include manufacturing, wholesale and retail trade,
finance, insurance, agriculture, and foods. Illinois manufactures machinery, electric and
electronic equipment, primary and fabricated metals, printing and publishing and chemi-
cal products.
How Many Illinois Sites
Are on the NPL?
Proposed Sites 9
Final Sites 29
Deleted Sites _C)
38
Where Are the NPL Sites Located?
Cong. District 04, 21 1 site
Cong. District 17, 19, 20, 22 2 sites
Cong. District 15 3 sites
Cong. District 10, 13 4 sites
Cong. District 14 6 sites
Cong. District 16 11 sites
40--
*
How are Sites Contaminated and What are the Principal* Chemicals ?
Groundwater: Volatile organic
compounds (VOCs), heavy
metals (inorganics) and
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).
Soil: Heavy metals (inorganics),
volatile organic compounds
(VOCs), polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs), creosotes (organics), and
radiation.
Surface Water and Sediments:
Surface Water and Sediments
Heavy metals (inorganics),
volatile organic compounds
(VOCs), and polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs).
GW
Soil Seds SW
Contamination Area
Air
Air: Radiation, petrochemicals,
and asbestos.
*Appearat 13% or more sites
State Overview
xxi
continued
-------
Where are the Sites in the Superfund Cleanup Process*?
Site
Studies
Remedy ^^^ Remedy ^^^ Cleanup
Selected ^^^" Design ^^r Ongoing
Construction
Complete
Initial actions have been taken at 22 sites as interim cleanup measures.
Who Do I Call with Questions?
The following pages describe each NPL site in Illinois, providing specific information on
threats and contaminants, cleanup activities, and environmental progress. Should you
have questions, please call one of the offices listed below:
Illinois Superfund Office
EPA Region V Superfund Office
EPA Region V Public Relations Office
EPA Superfund Hotline
EPA Public Information Office
(217)782-6411
(312)886-7456
(312)353-2072
(800) 424-9346
(202) 477-7751
"Cleanup status reflects phase of site activities rather than administrative accomplishments.
XXII
-------
The NPL Progress Report
The following Progress Report lists the State sites currently on or deleted from the NPL,
and briefly summarizes the status of activities for each site at the time this report was
prepared. The steps in the Superfund cleanup process are arrayed across the top of the
chart, and each site's progress through these steps is represented by an arrow {*-) which
indicates the current stage of cleanup at the site.
Large and complex sites are often organized into several cleanup stages. For example,
separate cleanup efforts may be required to address the source of the contamination,
hazardous substances in the groundwater, and surface water pollution, or to clean up
different areas of a large site. In such cases, the chart portrays cleanup progress at the
site's most advanced stage, reflecting the status of site activities rather than administrative
accomplishments.
* An arrow in the "Initial Response" category indicates that an emergency cleanup or
initial action has been completed or is currently underway. Emergency or initial actions
are taken as an interim measure to provide immediete relief from exposure to
hazardous site conditions or to stabilize a site to prevent further contamination.
* An arrow in the "Site Studies" category indicates that an investigation to determine the
nature and extent of the contamination at the site is currently ongoing or planned to
begin in 1991.
* An arrow in the "Remedy Selection" category means that the EPA has selected the
final cleanup strategy for the site. At the few sites where the EPA has determined that
initial response actions have eliminated site contamination, or that any remaining
contamination will be naturally dispersed without further cleanup activities, a "No
Action" remedy is selected. In these cases, the arrows in the Progress Report are
discontinued at the "Remedy Selection" step and resume in the final "Construction
Complete" category.
* An arrow at the "Remedial Design" stage indicates that engineers are currently
designing the technical specifications for the selected cleanup remedies and
technologies.
*- An arrow marking the "Cleanup Ongoing" category means that final cleanup actions
have been started at the site and are currently underway.
* A arrow in the "Construction Complete" category is used only when all phases of the
site cleanup plan have been performed and the EPA has determined that no additional
construction actions are required at the site. Some sites in this category may currently
be undergoing long-term pumping and treating of groundwater, operation and
maintenance or monitoring to ensure that the completed cleanup actions continue to
protect human health and the environment.
The sites are listed in alphabetical order. Further information on the activities and progress
at each site is given in the site "Fact Sheets" published in this volume.
xxiii
-------
jrroj
Page
1
4
6
8
10
12
14
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39
gress iowara Cleanup at
She Name
A& F MATERIALS RECLAIMING, INC.
ACME SOLVENT RECLAIMING, INC.
ADAMS COUNTY QUINCY LDFL 2 & 3
AMOCO CHEMICALS (Joliet LDFL)
BELOITCORP.
BELVIDERE MUNICIPAL LANDFILL
BYRON SALVAGE YARD
CENTRAL ILLINOIS PUBLIC SERVICE CO.
CROSS BROTHERS PAIL RECYCLING
DUPAGE COUNTY LDFL/BLACKWELL
GALESBURG/KOPPERS CO.
H.O.D. LANDFILL
ILADA ENERGY CO.
INTERSTATE POLLUTION CONTROL,
JOHNS-MANVILLE CORP.
JOLIET ARMY AMMO PLT (LAP AREA)
JOLIET ARMY AMMO PLT (MFG. AREA)
KERR-MCGEE (KRESS CREEK)
KERR-MCGEE (REED-KEPPLER PARK)
iNjrjLr dices
County
CUMBERLAND
WINNEBAGO
ADAMS
WILL
WINNEBAGO
BOONE
OGLE
CHRISTIAN
KANKAKEE
DUPAGE
KNOX
LAKE
ALEXANDER
WINNEBAGO
LAKE
WILL
WILL
DUPAGE
DUPAGE
in in
NPL
Final
Final
Prop.
Final
Prop.
Final
Final
Prop.
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Prop.
Prop.
e oia.i.e
Date
09/08/83
09/08/83
06/24/88
02/21/90
06/24/88
09/08/83
09/08/83
06/24/88
09/08/83
02/21/90
09/08/83
02/21/90
10/04/89
03/31/89
09/08/83
03/31/89
07/21/87
10/15/84
10/15/84
01 juiinuis
Initial Site Remedy Remedy Cleanup Construction
Response Studies Selected Design Ongoing Complete
*- *- *~ *- 4-
4-4-4-4*
4- 4-
*-
*-
*- *- 4- 4- 4-
4-4-4-4-4-
4- 4-
4-4-4-4-
4- 4-
4-4-4-4-
^
4- 4-
^
4-4-4-4-4-4-
+
4- 4-
+
4- 4-
XXIV
-------
Page
Site Name
County
Initial Site Remedy Remedy Cleanup Construction
NPL Date Response Studies Selected Design Ongoing Complete
41
43
45
47
49
51
53
55
57
59
61
63
35
67
77
71
73
75
77
KERR-MCGEE (RESIDENTIAL AREAS)
KERR-MCGEE (SEWAGE TREATMENT)
LASALLE ELECTRICAL UTILITIES
LENZ OIL SERVICE, INC.
MIG/DEWANE LANDFILL
DUPAGE
DUPAGE
LASALLE
COOK
BOONE
NL INDUSTRIES/TARACORP LEAD SMELT MADISON
OUTBOARD MARINE CORP.
PAGEL'S PIT
PARSON'S CASKET HARDWARE CO.
PETERSEN SAND & GRAVEL
SANGAMO ELECTRIC DUMP
SAVANNA ARMY DEPOT ACTIVITY
S.E. ROCKFORD GW CONTAMINATION
TRI-COUNTY LDFL/WASTE MGMT OF IL
VELSICOL CHEMICAL (ILLINOIS)
WARNER ELECTRIC BRAKE & CLUTCH
WAUCONDA SAND & GRAVEL
WOODSTOCK MUNICIPAL LANDFILL
YEOMAN CREEK LANDFILL
LAKE
WINNEBAGO
BOONE
LAKE
WILLIAMSON
CARROLL
WINNEBAGO
KANE
CLARK
WINNEBAGO
LAKE
MCHENRY
LAKE
Prop.
Prop.
Final
Final
Prop.
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Final
Prop.
Final
Final
Final
10/15/84 * *-
10/15/84 *- *
09/08/83 »- + * + +~
10/04/89 *- *-
10/26/89 *
06/10/86 * "K
09/08/83 «*- «*- *»-
06/10/86 +
07/21/87 +~ .+-
06/10/86 + +~ + n^
03/31/89 4- «K +
03/31/89 N»-
03^31/89 «* "K
03/31/89 "K
09/08/83 "*" "*- * «K «^-
06/24/88 "^ "^ «K "^ ^>
09/08/83 *- ^ «^ ^>
10/04/89 "*"
03/31/89 "^ ^-
XXV
-------
-------
-------
-------
A & F MATE
RECLAIMIN^,,
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980397079
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 19
Cumberland County
Greenup
The A & F Material Reclaiming, Inc. site covers nearly 4 acres in Greenup. The facility
began operations in 1977 and processed waste materials including oil, sludge, and
caustic and sulfuric acid into fuel oil and fire retardant chemicals. In 1978, four storage
lagoons filled and began to overflow, contaminating soil and drainage pathways leading
to the Embarras River. Twelve steel storage tanks containing a mixture of waste oils,
sludges, spent caustics and acids, contaminated water, and other waste products also
were located on site. These tanks failed on several occasions, releasing their contents
into the surrounding environment. The facility was closed in 1980. The area
surrounding the site is agricultural, residential, commercial, municipal, and forestland.
The county fairgrounds are southwest of the site and are used year-round for the
boarding and care of horses. The Village of Greenup has a population of approximately
2,000 people. The Embarras River is 1/2 mile away from the site and is used for fishing
and livestock watering.
Site Responsibility:
The site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
IMPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 07/16/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
L\
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater contains low levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs),
sulfates, phenols, heavy metals, and petroleum products. Sediments in
the drainage ditch contained polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PNAs).
Soils were contaminated with phenols and benzoic acid. As a result of
cleanup activities in 1985, the only remaining health threats may result
from accidental ingestion or direct contact with contaminated
groundwater.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
1
continued
-------
A & F MATERIAL RECLAIMING, INC.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in three stages: immediate actions and two long-term
remedial phases focusing on cleanup of the soils and groundwater.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: When a lagoon overflowed in 1980, the EPA repaired
the lagoon dikes, increased the freeboards, and cleaned the surrounding
areas. In 1982, the EPA increased the freeboards by treating
approximately 502,600 gallons of water with activated carbon filters and discharged the
treated water into the Embarras River. In 1983, when the lagoons were close to
overflowing again, the EPA treated and discharged 1,018,000 gallons of water into the
Embarras River. About 7,000 cubic yards of sludge were moved from Lagoons 2, 3,
and 4 into Lagoon 1. Lagoons 2 and 4 were backfilled with clean soil. All the sludge
could not easily be moved from Lagoon 3 to Lagoon 1, so a sludge cell was built for the
waste in Lagoon 3. A temporary cap was placed over the consolidated sludge. In
1983, the EPA selected an initial measure to quickly reduce health threats at the site.
This measure included removing and disposing of all contaminated bulk liquid, oil, and
drums in a federally approved facility. The EPA completed this initial measure in 1985.
Soils: In 1985, the EPA selected a remedy to clean up the soils by
excavating and disposing of all contaminated soils; monitoring the
groundwater; cleaning and removing all on-site equipment and buildings;
testing and disposing of soil underneath the buildings if it was found to be
contaminated; grading the site; and removing the fence surrounding the site. The
potentially responsible parties, under EPA monitoring, finished all the cleanup activities
relating to the contaminated soil in 1985.
Groundwater: In 1986, the EPA selected a remedy to clean up the
groundwater by establishing a monitoring program to ensure that all
residual groundwater contamination remaining after the 1985 cleanup will
steadily decrease to safe levels by natural dilution and purging to the
Embarras River. In addition, institutional controls will be implemented to ensure that
drinking water wells are not installed in contaminated groundwater areas during the
period of natural purging and dilution. Procedures also will be established for a regular
review of the monitoring data until safe levels are reached. The potentially responsible
parties, under EPA oversight, are designing the technical specifications for the
groundwater monitoring. Once the design phase is completed in 1990, monitoring
wells will be installed.
Site Facts: In 1984, a partial Consent Decree was entered into by the EPA and four
potentially responsible parties. Under the terms of the decree, the companies agreed
to undertake cleanup at the site. In 1989, four potentially responsible parties signed a
Consent Decree for final cleanup at the site.
continued
-------
A &F MATERIAL RECLAIMING, INC.
Environmental Progress
The immediate actions of treating contaminated lagoon water and removing
contaminated materials have significantly reduced the threat to the public and the
environment. The cleanup of contaminated soils at the A & F Material Reclaiming, Inc.
site has been completed and has further reduced site contamination levels. A
monitoring program, currently being designed, will monitor the natural decline of
contaminated groundwater.
-------
ACME SOLVENT
(MORRISTO
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD0532 19259
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST, 16
Wlnnebago County
5 miles southeast of Rockford
The 20-acre Acme Solvent Reclaiming, Inc. (Morristown Plant) site was used as a drum
storage and disposal area for wastes generated by Acme's solvent distillation units.
From 1960 to 1972, the site consisted of seven waste disposal lagoons and open
storage of 10,000 to 15,000 drums. Although operations at the site were temporarily
discontinued in 1969 because of concern expressed by the Winnebago County
Department of Public Health, site operations resumed in 1971 and continued until
1972. Paints, oils, solvents, and sludges are among the wastes known to have been
deposited at the site. Waste disposal practices consisted of emptying drums into the
lagoons and storing the empty drums at various open areas on the site. Sludge and
other non-recyclable materials were pumped from tanker trucks into the lagoons. After
receiving several reports in 1972, the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency
investigators found violations of environmental regulations, including operating a waste
disposal facility without a permit, open burning of refuse, and dumping liquids in a
manner that posed a threat to the groundwater. The State ordered the site cleaned up
in 1972. The site was closed in 1973, after State inspections indicated that the majority
of drums were being crushed and buried at the site, and waste in the lagoons was
being covered rather than removed for off-site disposal. In 1981, methane gas
migration into some homes located between the Acme Solvent site and the nearby
Pagel's Pit Landfill site led to well water testing by the County. Volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) were found in four private drinking water wells. Approximately
5,500 people live within 3 miles of the site. There are several surface water bodies in
the area surrounding the site including a small tributary stream which flows into Killbuck
Creek, the Kishwaukee River, and the Rock River. Only the Rock River is known to be
used as a public water supply.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 07/16/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater contains various VOCs. Soil contains VOCs, phthalates,
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and heavy metals including lead and
chromium. People who touch or accidentally ingest contaminated
groundwater or soil may be at risk. If contaminants leach from the site
into the nearby stream or creek, wildlife in or around the water may be
harmed.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
4
continued
-------
ACME SOLVENT RECLAIMING, INC. (MORRISTOWN PLANT)
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two long-term remedial phases focusing on cleanup of
soils and cleanup of the groundwater.
Response Action Status
Soils: In 1985, the EPA selected a remedy to clean up the waste and the
soil by providing an interim alternate water supply to affected residences
through the installation of home carbon treatment units; excavating and
incinerating waste materials and contaminated soils and disposing of them in a federally
approved facility; continuing the investigation into bedrock contamination and its
cleanup; and continuing the investigation of contaminated groundwater and
performance of pump tests to evaluate the effectiveness of controlling the contaminant
plume. In 1987, Acme, under EPA monitoring, installed home carbon treatment units in
five residences with contaminated wells. The residents were provided with free
bottled water until the units could be used for drinking water purposes. In addition, the
parties potentially responsible for site contamination excavated and disposed of 42,000
tons of contaminated materials.
Groundwater: The potentially responsible parties, under EPA monitoring,
are investigating the groundwater contamination at the site. Once the
investigation is completed in 1990, measures will be recommended to
clean up the site.
Site Facts: In 1986, the potentially responsible parties entered into a Consent Order
with the EPA to study and develop cleanup alternatives for the site.
Environmental Progress
The provision of an alternate water supply and disposal of contaminated materials have
greatly reduced the potential for exposure to contaminated materials at the Acme
Solvent Reclamation site while further cleanup activities continue and permanent
remedies are sought for groundwater contamination.
-------
ADAMS
LANDFILLS 3
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980607055
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 20
Adams County
1/2 miles west of Quincy
In 1973 and 1975, the Adams County Quincy Landfills 2 and 3 were permitted to
operate as solid waste disposal sites. Landfill 2 covers 11 3/4 acres and Landfill 3,
approximately 40 acres. From 1972 to 1978, the Quincy landfills received the majority
of the county's waste, including combustible and hazardous materials. The Illinois
Environmental Protection Agency (I EPA) records show that the City of Quincy accepted
liquid industrial waste for disposal into unlined pits until the liquids could be pumped
into the covered portions of the site. Wastes disposed of included solvents, acids,
sludges, spent organic solvents used in degreasing, wastewater treatment sludges
from electroplating operations, hydraulic oil, machine coolant, thinners, acetone, and
toluene. An estimated 23,000 drums of hazardous waste were accepted.
Groundwater samples taken by the I EPA in 1985 and 1986 showed contamination by
various volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In 1985 and 1986, the IEPA also sampled
two nearby wells that were found to be contaminated and were closed. Approximately
300 people obtain drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties'actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
IT
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with VOCs and selenium. Leachate
seeps from the surface of the landfill are contaminated with VOCs and
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Drinking contaminated groundwater or
touching the contaminated leachate may be potential health threats. The
site is not completely fenced.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
6
continued
-------
ADAMS COUNTY QUINCY LANDFILLS 2 & 3
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: an immediate action and a long-term
remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Action: An alternate water supply was provided to residents
near the site.
Entire Site: In 1987, the parties potentially responsible for the site
contamination began an investigation to determine the nature and extent
of contamination and to identify alternatives for cleanup of the site.
Environmental Progress
Providing an alternate water supply has eliminated the potential of exposure to
hazardous substances in the drinking water and will continue to protect households
near the Adams County Quincy Landfills 2 and 3 until final cleanup activities are
completed.
-------
AMOCO CHEMICA
(JOLIET LANBFgfJ
ILLINOIS i
-------
AMOCO CHEMICALS (JOLIET LANDFILL)
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of
the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: An investigation into the extent of groundwater, leachate, and
possible surface water contamination and alternative remedies is
scheduled to begin at the end of 1990. Following the investigation and the
evaluation of results, the EPA will select the appropriate cleanup technologies.
Environmental Progress
After placing the Amoco Chemical site on the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary
evaluations and determined that the site does not pose an imminent threat to the
public or the environment while the investigations leading to the selection of
permanent cleanup remedies are taking place.
-------
BELOIT CORP.
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD021440375
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 16
Winnebago County-
Village of Rockton
The 175-acre Beloit Corp. site in Rockton operates as a plant for paper-making machine
manufacturing and as a research and development facility for designing and
demonstrating the machines to prospective customers. The facility purchases clean
virgin pulp to make multi-layered paper products. The wastewater and paper fibers
generated from the manufacturing process are disposed of in three unlined surface
impoundments. The paper fiber sediment from the bottom of the impoundments is
spread on the ground, as allowed by the State through a permit issued in 1983. Tests
by the company in 1985 found volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in pn-site monitoring
wells and in nearby private wells. Approximately 15,000 people obtain drinking water
from public and private wells located within 3 miles of the site. The Rock River is less
than 50 feet from the site's surface impoundments.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Threats and Contaminants
L\
On-site pond sediments, soils, groundwater, and surface water are
contaminated with VOCs. Potential health threats to people include
drinking contaminated groundwater and pond water, accidental ingestion
of contaminated soil and pond sediments, and coming in direct contact
with contaminated groundwater, pond water, pond sediments, and soils.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
10
continued
-------
BELOITCORP.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase directed at cleanup of
the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The EPA and the State currently are working together on a
groundwater monitoring program in the Rockford area. An investigation
that will define the contaminants of concern and recommend effective
alternatives for final cleanup is currently under way and is planned to be completed in
1992.
Environmental Progress
The EPA and the State are concurrently conducting investigations which will lead to the
selection of the final remedies to clean up the Beloit Corp. site.
11
-------
BELVIDERE
MUNICIPAL L
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980497663
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 16
Boone County
Adjacent to the City of BeMdere
The Belvidere Municipal Landfill site occupies 139 acres, 19 acres of which were used
fora landfill. The City of Belvidere operated the landfill and received municipal wastes
from 1939 to 1965. During this period, the site was used to dispose of industrial
wastes, sludge from the city sewage treatment plant, paint and oil sludge, unknown
liquid wastes, and other sludges. The current landfill cover is composed of silt and
sand and varies in thickness up to 36 inches. An area just west of the landfill was
found to contain buried drums that were filled with liquids or sludges. The Kishwaukee
River borders the site, and an active gravel pit is adjacent to the northern portion of the
site. West Pond and East Pond lie to the east of the site, and Spencer Park lies
southeast of the site. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were found in the West Pond,
the Kishwaukee River, and groundwater near the river. Approximately 14,000 people
live within 3 miles of the site. The site is located 1/2 mile from six residences that use
groundwater as a supply for drinking water. Most of the county is rural; however,
Belvidere has an industrial base which includes the manufacture of cars, furniture,
metal fasteners, and several light industries.
Site Responsibility:
The site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater and soils contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
including benzene, toluene, and xylenes; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
(PAHs); PCBs; nitrite; and heavy metals including chromium. Surface
water contains low levels of VOCs including trichloroethylenes (TCEs),
nitrate, and heavy metals. None of these contaminants exceed
established Federal standards. Access to the landfill and drum disposal
areas is not adequately restricted, so children playing on the landfill or
drum disposal areas could be exposed to contaminants in soil and dust.
People who eat fish from the Kishwaukee River could be exposed to
PCBs. The shallow groundwater under the site is transporting significant
levels of contaminants toward the Kishwaukee River. People who swim
in the Spencer Park ponds or the river could be exposed to contaminants
through direct contact.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
12
continued
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BELVIDERE MUNICIPAL LANDFILL
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: initial actions and a long-term remedial
phase directed at cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: In 1986, the EPA staged and sampled 110 drums.
Workers crushed and relocated 65 empty drums to a new holding area for
disposal, and contaminated soils were excavated and loaded into boxes.
The drums and contaminated soils were compiled into one waste pile and disposed of
at a federally approved landfill. The EPA solidified liquids with cement and transported
them off site for disposal.
Entire Site: In 1988, the EPA chose the following remedies to address
contamination at the site: (1) placing a cap over the landfill; (2) sampling
the soil in the drum disposal area and cleaning up the PCBs; (3) removing
highly contaminated soil off site to be burned, and the remaining lesser-
contaminated soils to be capped; (4) installing a pump and treat system to remove
contaminants from groundwater and discharging the treated water to the City's water
treatment plant; (5) monitoring the groundwater in and around the site; (6) installing an
upgraded fence around the landfill; (7) instituting deed restrictions to control
unacceptable activities and construction on site; and (8) installing flood control
measures to prevent erosion of the cap and the contents of the landfill. The EPA
approved the technical designs for the cleanup in March 1990. The potentially
responsible parties initiated site work in mid-1990. Construction is expected to be
completed by fall 1991.
Environmental Progress
By removing the contaminated drums and their contents to an approved disposal
facility, the EPA greatly reduced the risk of exposure to hazardous materials while the
cleanup work and construction of the selected remedies are taking place.
13
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BYRON SALVAGE
YARD
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD010236230
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 1(3
Ogle County
4 miles southwest of Byron
Alias:
Byron Johnson
The Byron Salvage Yard site encompasses both the Byron Johnson Salvage Yard and
Dirks Farm near Byron. During the 1960s and the early 1970s, the salvage yard
accepted miscellaneous wastes and debris for disposal, including drums of
electroplating wastes, oil sludges, cutting wheels, solvents, and scrap metal. Industrial
waste dumping occurred during periods of heavy rainfall, so, much of the waste was
carried off site by the surface water runoff. Cyanide-containing plating waste was
sprayed onto the roads in and around the salvage yard. In 1976, the State found
cyanide and heavy metals in the soil, surface water, and groundwater. Approximately
5,000 people live in Byron. The closest residence to the salvage yard is approximately
100 yards away. About 50 people live within 1 mile of the site, and all residences used
private wells supplied by groundwater until the State extended a municipal waterline to
a majority of the affected residences in 1988 and 1989. The area is rural, and the site is
bordered by a forest preserve, farmlands, and a nuclear power plant. The property is
bisected by two ravines that drain surface water runoff into the south branch of
Woodland Creek, which flows into the Rock River.
Site Responsibility: T(-,js site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater is contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
such as vinyl chloride and trichloroethylene (TCE) and heavy metals
including cadmium, chromium, nickel, and lead. Soil is contaminated with
cyanide, toluene, xylene, and heavy metals including antimony. Meyer's
Spring contains trace levels of cyanide and TCE. Groundwater is the only
source of drinking water in the area; therefore, people who drink or touch
contaminated well water may be at risk. Those who trespass on the site
and touch or accidentally ingest contaminated soil may potentially suffer
adverse health effects.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
14
continued
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BYRON SALVAGE YARD
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in five stages: initial actions and four long-term remedial
phases focusing on cleanup of the soils and drums, installation of home carbon units,
cleanup of the groundwater, and cleanup of Dirk's Farm.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: As an initial action in 1984, the EPA constructed a fence to
prohibit access to the site. In 1988, the EPA discovered floating
contaminants in the groundwater and installed a skimmer in a pumping
well to remove the pollutants.
Soils and Drums: In 1985, the State selected a remedy to clean up the
soil and the buried drums by disposing of all surface and buried drums,
excavating and disposing of highly contaminated soils, and treating soils
containing less than 100 parts per million of cyanide with sodium hypochlorite. The
State completed all the cleanup actions for the drums and soil in 1986.
Home Carbon Units: In 1986, following the installation of carbon filtration
units for 10 houses in the Acorn Road subdivision, the EPA selected a
remedy consisting of installing whole-house carbon filtration systems in
affected residences, continuing sampling to ensure that the carbon filtration is
effective, installing replacement carbon filters when needed, and disposing of the spent
filters at a federally approved facility. The EPA completed these actions in 1986. The
EPA plans to remove the carbon filters in the future because the homes have been
connected to the municipal water supply since 1988.
Groundwater Contamination: In 1989, the EPA selected a remedy to
clean up the groundwater by: (1) extending the Byron municipal water
supply system to 27 additional residences; (2) removing all wastes
generated during an EPA study; (3) installing, sampling, and analyzing
monitoring wells near the Rock River; (4) monitoring surface water and groundwater on
a long-term basis; (5) plugging monitoring wells not selected for long-term use; and (6)
limiting public exposure to groundwater by plugging abandoned residential wells and
implementing deed restrictions and mandatory hook-ups to the public water supply.
The EPA is designing the technical specifications for the remaining actions. Once the
design phase is completed in 1991, the cleanup activities are scheduled to begin.
Dirk's Farm: During investigations of the salvage yard, the EPA also
discovered Dirk's Farm, an adjacent area, to be contaminated. The EPA is
thoroughly investigating this new area to determine the extent and type of
contamination. This study is expected to be completed in 1992, and at that time,
measures to clean up the area will be selected by the EPA.
Site Facts: In 1983, the EPA and the State signed a Cooperative Agreement through
which the State agreed to study the type and extent of the site contamination. The
EPA is undertaking legal actions against the potentially responsible parties to recover
the costs of the cleanup.
15
continued
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BYRON SALVAGE YARD
Environmental Progress
The EPA has completed numerous cleanup actions at the Byron Salvage Yard site
including the installation of a fence and carbon treatment units in homes with wells,
and the removal of contaminated drums and soils. The EPA has also initiated a study
on the adjacent contaminated area discovered during investigations of the site. All
these actions have significantly reduced the threat of exposure to hazardous materials
on the site while the remaining cleanup activities are taking place.
16
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CENTRAL ILL!
PUBLIC SERV
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD981781065
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 20
Christian County
Taylorville
Alias:
CIPS
The Central Illinois Public Service Co. (CIPS) site is a former coal gasification plant
covering 1 acre in Taylorville. The gas plant was constructed in 1892 and was operated
by the Taylorville Gas and Electric Company until 1912, when it was acquired by CIPS.
Operations stopped in 1932, and CIPS sold the property in 1961. The gasification
process generated coal tar, which contains polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons {PNAs),
and other impurities that were periodically removed and sold or given away for use as
road oil, roofing tar, or a pesticide. When CIPS abandoned the facility, the aboveground
structures were demolished; however, underground tanks containing tar and other
equipment remained in place. The tanks were covered with miscellaneous debris and
fill. Contamination at the site was first suspected when Apple Construction Company,
which acquired the site in 1985, excavated a trench for a septic tank drainage line.
Workers noticed strong odors, discoloration of excavated soils, and a dark viscous
material throughout the soil. CIPS was notified of the problem and began an
investigation. In 1986, CIPS confirmed the presence of PNAs and volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) in soils and groundwater. Contaminants have also been found in
the Sangamon River. CIPS is monitoring groundwater and surface water, as well as
sediment and fish in the Seaman Estate Pond. Approximately 12,700 people live within
a 3-mile radius of the site, and about 4,500 people live within 1 mile. Three municipal
water wells are located 3 miles from the property. These wells serve as an alternate
supply for the City of Taylorville. The main water supply for the city is Lake Taylorville,
about 4 miles southeast of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
a combination of Federal, State, and
potentially responsible parties'
actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater and sediments from a drainage culvert and a private lake are
contaminated with VOCs including benzene, toluene, and xylene. Before
the soil was excavated, it was contaminated with naphthalene, fluorene,
and various VOCs. Surface water runoff has transported contaminants off
the site. People who touch or accidentally ingest contaminated soil,
groundwater, surface water, or sediments may suffer adverse health
effects. Contaminants may accumulate in fish in the Seaman Estate
Pond, and if eaten, the fish may be harmful to human health.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
17
continued
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CENTRAL ILLINOIS PUBLIC SERVICE CO.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: Under Illinois Environmental Protection Agency
supervision, 3 underground structures, 9,000 cubic yards of contaminated
on-site soil, and 3,000 cubic yards of off-site soil were removed. A water
main was completed by CIPS to supply water to residents within a 1/2 mile of the site,
and the ownership was transferred to the City of Taylorville. The building on the site
was also demolished, and a chain-link fence with a locking gate was installed around
the perimeter of the site.
Entire Site: CIPS began a thorough investigation of the site under State
supervision. This investigation, scheduled to be completed in 1992, will
determine if additional soil needs to be excavated and the most effective
method to treat the contaminated groundwater, surface water, and sediments. Once
the studies are completed, the EPA will review and select cleanup alternatives for the
site.
Site Facts: In 1986, the State issued an order to CIPS and Apple Contractors, directing
the companies to thoroughly investigate the site and to remove the buried structures.
Environmental Progress
The removal of the underground structures, contaminated soils, construction of a fence
to limit site access, and the demolition of the contaminated building on the Central
Illinois Public Service Co. site greatly reduced the potential for exposure to hazardous
materials while the studies leading to a final selection of cleanup alternatives are being
conducted.
18
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CROSS BROTHERS
RECYCLING
(PEMBROKE)
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980792303
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 15
Kankakee County
Pembroke Township
The 20-acre Cross Brothers Pail Recycling (Pembroke) site, located about 14 miles
southeast of Kankakee, is an abandoned drum and pail reclamation facility. The
container reclamation facility covered 10 acres of the site. From 1961 until 1980, pails
and drums were recycled at the site by burning out the residue using hazardous waste
solvents as fuel and then sandblasting and painting them. Container contents were
emptied onto the ground, and the containers were buried. Soil and groundwater
became contaminated during these operations. Site investigations led to the discovery
of over 10,000 mostly empty 5-gallon pails, 10 acres of contaminated soil, at least 10
covered trenches of unknown wastes, and a plume of contaminated groundwater
leaving the site. A house trailer is occupied and maintained at the site. There are 3,500
people living within 3 miles of the site. The site is adjacent to properties that are either
pasture land or individual residential lots. The contaminated groundwater plume has
moved to the north and has contaminated two residential water wells. These two
wells have been abandoned and replaced with deeper wells. Local residents use
groundwater as their drinking water supply and possibly as a livestock and agriculture
water supply. There are at least 12 privately owned water supply wells within 1/2 mile
of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
a combination of Federal, State, and
potentially responsible parties'
actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater is contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
such as benzene, toluene, and xylenes and heavy metals including lead.
Soil is contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and VOCs.
The greatest health threat to people is through direct exposure to the
contaminated groundwater moving off site into nearby residential,
livestock, and agricultural water supply wells. Trespassers may also be at
risk through accidentally ingesting, inhaling, or making direct contact with
contaminated soil. Sandy soils provide the ongoing potential for the
migration of groundwater contamination.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
19
continued
-------
CROSS BROTHERS PAIL RECYCLING (PEMBROKE)
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: Under advisement by the State, the potentially
responsible parties deepened contaminated wells to provide clean drinking
water. As an initial measure in 1985, a partial fence was placed around the
site. Most of the drums, pails, and contaminated soils, considered to be the sources of
groundwater contamination, were removed from the site. The EPA selected soil
cleanup technologies to address site contamination, including off-site disposal of
surface and buried waste materials and visibly contaminated soil.
Entire Site: In 1989, the EPA selected cleanup technologies to address
site contamination which include: (1) resampling localized areas of the
PCB-contaminated soil area for eventual removal and incineration; (2)
installing a groundwater collection system to capture the contaminated
groundwater plume; (3) treating on-site groundwater to achieve cleanup
levels; (4) cleaning soil from an estimated 3 1/2-acre area by flushing with water; and (5)
applying a 6-inch vegetative cover to the remaining site area. A fence surrounding the
entire site will be constructed. Water discharged from groundwater cleanup will be
treated and used for the soil flushing operation. The potentially responsible parties,
under EPA monitoring, are preparing the technical specifications and design for the
selected cleanup technologies. Cleanup activities are expected to begin once the
design phase is completed in 1991.
Site Facts: In 1980, the Kankakee County Circuit Court ordered the potentially
responsible parties to discontinue recycling operations and to clean up the site surface.
In 1983, the EPA signed a Cooperative Agreement with the State to conduct an
investigation into the nature and extent of contamination at the site.
Environmental Progress
The affected area wells have been deepened to provide safe drinking water, and most
of the contaminated containers and soils have been removed and disposed of in an
approved facility. The EPA has selected the remedies for the permanent cleanup of the
Cross Brothers site, and the actual cleanup activities are scheduled to begin once the
design phase has been completed.
20
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DUPAGE
LANDFILL/BLAis
| v " - s~- '' *
FOREST PRESER
r" - '
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980606305
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 14
Dupage County
Warrenville
The Dupage County Landfill/Blackwell Forest Preserve site covers 40 acres within the
1,235-acre Blackwell Forest Preserve. From 1965 to 1970, the Forest Preserve District
and DuPage County operated the landfill, accepting demolition debris, municipal refuse,
and unknown amounts of potentially hazardous waste. When the site was closed, the
Forest Preserve District covered it with a clay cap. Private and public wells within 3
miles of the site provide drinking water to 44,000 people. The Forest Preserve District
continues to monitor the landfill. A lake close to the landfill has been closed to
swimming as a precautionary measure.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties'actions.
IMPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 02/21/90
Threats and Contaminants
In 1984, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were detected in numerous
monitoring wells installed around the site. Because the site was capped
after closure of the landfill, there do not appear to be any potential threats
to people using the site for recreational purposes.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
21
continued
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DUPAGE COUNTY LANDFILL/BLACKWELL FOREST PRESERVE
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
I-** Immediate Actions: In 1987, the Forest Preserve District began pumping
leachatefrom collection manholes. Since the 1970s, over 50 monitoring
wells have been installed around the site.
Entire Site: The Forest Preserve District initiated an investigation in 1989,
under EPA monitoring, to determine the type and extent of contamination
at the site and to identify alternative technologies for the cleanup.
Site Facts: In 1989, the Forest Preserve District signed an Administrative Order on
Consentwith the EPA and the State to perform an investigation into site contamination.
Environmental Progress
The installation of monitoring wells and removal of leachate from the Dupage County
Landfill/BIackwell Forest Preserve site have greatly reduced the potential for exposure
to contaminated materials while cleanup activities are being planned.
22
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GALESBURG/
KOPPERS CO.
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD990817991
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 17
Knox County
2 miles south of Galesburg
Alias:
Burlington Northern Rail Yard
The Galesburg/Koppers Co. site covers 105 acres near Galesburg. The Burlington
Northern Railroad Company operated the site as a railroad tie treatment plant from
1907 until 1966. In 1966, the Koppers Company leased the production plant from the
railroad and assumed operation of the facility. Treatment operations consisted of
pressure-treating the railroad ties with a mixture of creosote and coal tar or creosote
and fuel oil. The facility treats 600,000 to 800,000 cross ties a year. From 1971 to
1976, pentachlorophenol (PCP) was used in the treatment process. Key contaminated
areas at the site include a slurry pond, a northern and southern creosote lagoon, a PCP-
contaminated lagoon, a waste pile storage area, two backfilled drainage ditches, and
two former spray wastewater fields. Contamination has been found in soil,
groundwater, surface water, and sediment. Between 1966 and 1980, lagoons were
cleaned and closed, used oil was recycled, and the wastewater spray fields were
constructed. Approximately 60,000 residents live in Galesburg. The area near the site
is residential, agricultural, and commercial/industrial. The economy is dependent on
agricultural products such as hogs, beef cattle, and corn. Brush Creek, an intermittent
stream located adjacent to the site, flows southeast to Lake Bracken, which is about 2
miles downstream.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
a combination of Federal, State, and
potentially responsible parties'
actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
IV
Threats and Contaminants
Air contains volatile organic compounds (VOCs), phenols, and
petrochemicals. Groundwater contains VOCs, asbestos, heavy metals,
phenols, and PCP. Sediments contain heavy metals, VOCs,
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and pesticides. Soil is contaminated
with dioxins, phenol, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).
Surface water contains VOCs, asbestos, and heavy metals. Fish in Lake
Bracken are contaminated with PCBs and PAHs. People who touch or
accidentally ingest contaminated groundwater, soil, surface water, or
sediments may be at risk. On-site workers and nearby residents may
potentially be exposed to contaminants by inhaling dust. Those who eat
contaminated fish from Lake Bracken may suffer adverse health effects.
Wildlife in and around the lake and Brush Creek also may be harmed by
the pollutants.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
23
continued
-------
GALESBURG/KOPPERS CO.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: interim actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Interim Actions: The PCP lagoon was pumped dry, and the water was
treated in 1983. The contaminated soils from the lagoons were also
removed and disposed of off site. Excavated soil from the area around the
treatment building is being stored in piles on site.
Entire Site: In 1989, the State selected a remedy to clean up the site by:
(1) excavating contaminated soil and consolidating it on site and then
removing contaminants with a biological treatment called bioremediation;
(2) constructing shallow groundwater interceptor trenches and deep
pumping wells to extract groundwater; (3) pre-treating the extracted groundwater using
an existing wastewater treatment system to remove contaminants and then
discharging the treated water to the Galesburg Sanitary District treatment works for
final treatment; {4} monitoring the groundwater and soil to ensure the effectiveness of
the cleanup; and (5) implementing land use restrictions. Koppers Company, under
State supervision, is designing the technical specifications for the cleanup of the site.
The design phase is scheduled for completion in 1991, after which, the cleanup
activities will begin.
Environmental Progress
The cleanup and treatment of the soils and water from the PCP-contaminated lagoon
on the Galesburg/Koppers Co. site have reduced the potential for exposure to
hazardous materials on the site while the technical design phase is being completed
and the final cleanup activities are begun.
24
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H.O.D. LANDFILL
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980605836
D
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 13
Lake County
Antioch
Alias:
CCD Landfill
Site Description
The H.O.D. Landfill covers 50 acres of an 80-acre parcel of land. Liquid organic and
drummed wastes were disposed of at the landfill from 1963 to 1984, and the site is
now closed. One tanker dumped wastes containing high levels of polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs). Groundwater dpwnslope of the site contains zinc, lead, and
cadmium. The closest residence is within 100 feet of the landfill. Approximately
14,300 people live within 3 miles of the site. Approximately 40 private wells used for
domestic water purposes are located within 3 miles of the landfill. Five public water
supply wells are in the vicinity, with the closest being 600 feet away, and these wells
serve approximately 4,600 people. The site is adjacent to a freshwater wetland.
Sequoit Creek is adjacent to the landfill and flows into a series of lakes used for
recreation.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/18/85
Final Date: 02/21/90
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater is contaminated with various volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) and heavy metals including cadmium, lead, zinc, and manganese.
People who touch or drink contaminated groundwater may potentially be
at risk. If contaminants seep from the site into Sequoit Creek or the
wetlands area, wildlife in or around the water may be harmed.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
continued
25
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H.O.D. LANDFILL
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup
of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: An investigation to determine the nature and extent of
contamination at the site is scheduled to begin in 1990. The investigation
will sample groundwater, soil, sediments, surface water, and air to
measure the levels of contamination. Once the investigation is completed, measures
will be recommended to clean up the landfill.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and
determined that no immediate actions were required at the H.O.D. Landfill site while
further investigations are being planned.
26
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ILADA ENER
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980996789
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 22
Alexander County
East Cape Giradeau
The 20-acre llada Energy Co. site is located in East Cape Giradeau. The Federal
Government operated a fuel oil storage/transfer terminal on the site from 1942 until the
early or mid-1950s and placed oil in 17 tanks with a capacity in excess of 11 million
gallons. In the late 1950s, the Government deeded the site back to its original owner.
The site remained vacant until 1981, when the llada Energy Co. purchased and
operated it as a waste oil reclamation facility from 1981 to 1983. As part of its
operations, llada removed bottom sediment and water from the waste oil and blended
it to obtain the desired heat content. The "cleaned" oil was then sold to commercial
enterprises. The Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA) conducted an
inspection of the operations and facilities at the site in 1982. During this visit, IEPA
found that llada was improperly storing, handling, mixing, and disposing of waste oils
contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). llada burned the PCB-laden waste
oil in an on-site boiler. Of the 17 tanks on site, 11 contained oil contaminated with
chlorinated organic solvents, metals, and other elemental constituents of PCBs. The
IEPA also observed oily material spilling and leaking onto the ground, under the valves
of the tanks, and in the designated loading and unloading areas. Although the site
borders the Mississippi River, it is protected against floods by a levee that borders the
southern edge of the site. The site is located in a sparsely populated area that is
relatively flat. An estimated 500 people obtain drinking water from wells located within
3 miles of the site. Approximately 130 people live within 1 mile of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
a combination of Federal, State, and
potentially responsible parties'
actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 10/04/89
Threats and Contaminants
On-site groundwater is contaminated with the heavy metals zinc and
arsenic. Liquid oily wastes are contaminated with volatile organic
compounds (VOCs), PCBs, and heavy metals including lead, arsenic, and
zinc. On-site surface soils are contaminated with PCBs and heavy metals.
Trespassers could be directly exposed to site-related contaminants
because valves on the storage tanks containing the wastes are readily
accessible. The potential exists for site-related contaminants to migrate
off site into the sole source drinking water supply of the area residents.
Additionally, agricultural lands and the nearby Mississippi River could be
adversely affected by oil wastes and associated contaminants from the
site.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
27
continued
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ILADA ENERGY CO.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial
phase directed at cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: The I EPA installed six monitoring wells on the site in
1986. Subsequent sampling of these wells showed that two of them were
contaminated with arsenic. The EPA ordered the potentially responsible
parties to remove the PCB-contaminated waste oil tanks and decontaminate the tanks,
associated piping, and on-site structures. Cleanup activities were started in 1989.
Access to the site is restricted by a fence surrounding the site. Both of the site's
access gates have been padlocked and posted with warning signs by the EPA, and the
site is guarded on a 24-hour basis.
Entire Site: The potentially responsible parties, under monitoring by the
EPA, have begun to conduct a study into the nature and extent of
contamination at the site and the most effective methods of addressing
this contamination. The study is expected to be completed in 1992.
Site Facts: The EPA filed a complaint against the llada Energy Co. in 1983 for PCB
violations under the Toxic Substances Control Act. The company signed a Consent
Decree with the EPA to clean up the site but abandoned it before taking any action.
Environmental Progress
By constructing a fence and posting a 24-hour guard at the llada Energy Co. site, the
potential for people to be exposed to hazardous materials has been greatly reduced.
The removal of contaminated tanks and their contents is currently under way, and
further studies leading to solutions for permanent cleanup of the entire site are taking
place.
28
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INTERSTATE
POLLUTION
CONTROL, IJTCfc
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILT180011975
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 16
Winnebago County
Rockford
Alias:
Roto-Rooter Service, Inc.
The Interstate Pollution Control site is 1 to 2 acres in size and is located in a heavily
industrialized section of Rockford. Interstate Pollution Control, a division of Roto-Rooter
Service, Inc., operated a hazardous waste storage facility at the site from 1974 until
1982. Activities performed by Interstate Pollution Control included hauling, and
sometimes storing, waste oils, solvents, and cyanide-containing plating wastes from at
least 20 to 25 local industries. Most recent activities at the site include reclaiming or
"cleaning" waste oil for resale. Both the Illinois and U.S. Environmental Protection
Agencies have documented a history of poor operating practices at the site, including
using unlined surface impoundments, and leaking storage tanks and drums. Due to
pressure from these two agencies, the Interstate Pollution Control removed the leaking
drums and contaminated soil from the site and transported them to an EPA-regulated
hazardous waste storage facility- The EPA detected various volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) in off-site wells located downgradient of the site in 1986. An estimated
155,000 people obtain drinking water from city of Rockford wells located within 3 miles
of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 03/31/89
Threats and Contaminants
Off-site groundwater, located in wells downgradient of the site, is
contaminated with VOCs. On-site soil contains heavy metals such as
cadmium, copper, selenium and thallium. Since parts of the fence
surrounding the site are broken, it is possible for trespassers to come into
direct contact with contaminants on site. If site-related contaminants
should migrate from the affected off-site wells into the municipal drinking
water supply of the City of Rockford, people could be exposed to
contaminants when consuming or coming into direct contact with drinking
water.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
23
continued
-------
INTERSTATE POLLUTION CONTROL, INC.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of
the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The State will enter into negotiations with the potentially
responsible parties for conducting an investigation into the nature and
, extent of site contamination. This investigation is expected to begin in late
1990. After all the various alternatives for cleaning up the site are considered, the most
effective remedies will be chosen.
Environmental Progress
After listing the Interstate Pollution Control, Inc. site on the NPL, the EPA and the State
performed preliminary evaluations and determined that the site does not pose an
imminent threat to the surrounding population or the environment while the
investigations leading to the selection of final remedies for the site are taking place.
30
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JOHNS-MANWJ^l
CORP.
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD005443544
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 10
Lake County
Waukegan, 37 miles north of Chicago
The Johns-Manville Corp. site covers 120 acres on a 300-acre parcel of land in
Waukegan. The plant presently produces a wide range of building materials. Since
1922, waste materials containing primarily asbestos, the heavy metals lead and
chrome, and the volatile organic compound (VOC) xylene have been deposited in a
variety of pits. No asbestos or lead is presently used in the manufacturing process.
The active waste disposal pits include the sludge disposal pit, which receives dredged
materials from the on-site wastewater treatment system, and the miscellaneous
disposal pit, into which asbestos- and non-asbestos-containing wastes are deposited.
Waste materials cover a large portion of the disposal area and form a derm that appears
to be 25 to 30 feet high. The disposal site is located in an industrial area, and the
nearest residential area is about 1/2 mile northwest of the site. The population of
Waukegan is 67,500. Approximately 1,800 day workers and 450 night workers are at
the site during a work day, and about 5,000 people are present in the general area
during the day shifts. The site is bordered by Lake Michigan and Illinois Beach State
Park, both of which are used daily for recreation. Local fishermen use a pier located
between the Johns-Manville and Commonwealth Edison facilities.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
Z
Threats and Contaminants
Air contains asbestos fibers. Groundwater contains asbestos, arsenic,
and several VOCs. Waste materials and sludge are contaminated with
asbestos, heavy metals and VOCs. The most significant threat to human
health is through the inhalation of asbestos fibers. The site is dusty
during dry periods and poses health concerns to the surrounding
communities and to the on-site workers. Asbestos in the waste materials
is a limited public health concern, unless it is dispersed by wind or water.
People who drink the contaminated groundwater may suffer adverse
health effects.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
31
continued
-------
JOHNS-MANVILLE CORP.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial
phase directed at cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: The asbestos pit was closed in mid-1989, and the
soil cover was completed in May 1990 by the potentially responsible
parties.
Entire Site: In 1987, the EPA selected a remedy to clean up the site,
which includes: (1) disposing of the asbestos-containing material
i | generated from the reconstruction activities in the asbestos disposal pit
Drier to closure; (2) monitoring the soil cover, groundwater, surface water, and the air;
(3) clearing the debris on the site; (4) fencing the eastern boundary and posting warning
sians- (5) closing a small ditch and the open area at the miscellaneous disposal pit; and
(6) sampling to ensure the effectiveness of the remedy. All cleanup activities outlined
in the remedy have been completed. A work plan for additional soil cover was
completed in 1990. High asbestos levels in groundwater and surface water may trigger
a contingency plan for their cleanup.
Environmental Progress
Bv sealing off the asbestos pit and covering the contaminated soil to reduce the
migration of asbestos fibers into the air and groundwater, the potential for exposure to
hazardous materials at the Johns-Manville site has been signmcantly reduced. The EPA
has completed cleanup activities and will continue to monitor the soil cover and
asbestos levels. Any additional actions required to ensure the safety of the surrounding
community will be taken by the EPA.
32
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JOLIET ARMY
AMMUNITIO
(LOAD-ASSE
AREA)
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# IL0210090049
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 15
Will County
Joliet
ING
The Joliet Army Ammunition Plant (Load-Assembly-Packing Area) covers 22 square
miles on an inactive Army munitions installation in Joliet. The installation is divided into
two major functional areas: the Manufacturing Area, which is a separate National
Priorities List site; and the Load-Assembly-Packing Area. From the early 1940s until
1977, high explosive artillery projectiles, aerial bombs, and a variety of ammunition
component items were loaded, assembled, and packaged at this site. Other activities
included testing of ammunition, washout and renovation of projectiles, and burning and
demolition of explosives. Since 1977, the plant has been maintained in non-operating
standby condition by Uniroyal, the contractor/operator. The main source of wastewater
produced by the facility was "pink water" created by the washout of rejected bombs
and from washing the equipment and floors. Approximately 250 people live within 3
miles of the site and depend on groundwater for drinking water. The nearest residence
is Jess than 1/2 mile away. About 40 water supply wells are used for drinking water
within 3 miles of the plant. The surface water on the site flows into the Des Plaines
and Kankakee Rivers, and Kemery Lake is within the site area. About 2,500 acres of
the site are used for commercial agriculture. An active land-leasing program exists
with more than 80 agricultural and cattle grazing leases being exercised. The surface
water is used for recreational activities, and a fishing program exists on site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 04/10/85
Final Date: 03/31/89
7 A
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater, sediments, soils, and surface water are contaminated with
trinitrotoluene (TNT), other explosive by-products, and heavy metals
including lead, mercury, chromium, and cadmium. Potential health threats
include touching or accidentally ingesting contaminated groundwater, soil
surface water, or sediments. In addition, contaminants may accumulate '
in fish, waterfowl, livestock, and commercial agricultural products and can
pose a health threat to those who eat them.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
continued
33
-------
JOLIET ARMY AMMUNITION PLANT (LOAD-ASSEMBLY-PACKING AREA)
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of
the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: In 1989, the Army began investigating the type and extent of
contamination at the plant. The investigation is scheduled for completion
in 1993 Once completed, the most timely and effective measures will be
recommended for site cleanup.
Site Facts: An Interagency Agreement was signed with the EPA in mid-1989. Under
the terms of this agreement, the Army must investigate and clean up the contamination
found on the site. The site is participating in the Installation RestorationPrograrr,{Hi P),
a specially funded program developed in 1978 by the Department of Defense (DOD) to
identify, control, and investigate hazardous wastes on military or other DOD
installations.
Environmental Progress
The Army is conducting investigations that will lead to the selection of final cleanup
actions for the Joliet Army Ammunition Plant (Load-Assembly-Packing Area) site. After
preliminary evaluation, it has been determined that the site does not present an
immediate threat to the surrounding population or the environment.
A
34
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JOLIET ARMY
AMMUNITIONS
(MANUFACTU
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# IL7213820460
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 15
Will County
Joliet
The Joliet Army Ammunition Plant (Manufacturing Area) covers 14 square miles of an
inactive Army munitions facility in Joliet. The site consists of two areas: the
manufacturing area that produced constituent chemicals and explosive materials, and
the Load-Assembly-Packing Area, which is listed as a separate site on the National
Priorities List. More than 4 billion pounds of explosives were produced in the
manufacturing area from the early 1940s until 1977. Since 1977, the area has been
maintained in non-operating standby condition by Uniroyal, the contractor/operator. The
manufacturing facility consists of a TNT ditch complex, where process wash and
wastewater were transported off site to be processed at water treatment facilities; the
Red Water Area consisting of storage tanks, incinerators, evaporators, a lined lagoon,
and the incinerator ash piles; and the Flashing Ground. During the manufacturing
process, contaminated process waters and chemical spills were routinely discharged
without treatment into constructed drainage ditches, where they flowed into Jackson
Creek and Grant Creek. Unlined piles of incinerator ash and a leak in the liner of one of
several wastewater lagoons have also contributed to contamination of groundwater and
surface water. Approximately 1,155 people live within 3 miles of the site. The nearest
residence is less than 1/2 mile away, and there are water supply wells in use within 1
mile of the site. About 2,500 acres on the site are used for commercial agriculture. An
active land-leasing program exists, with more than 80 agricultural and cattle grazing
leases being exercised.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/15/84
Final Date: 07/21/87
L\
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater, is contaminated with trinitrotoluene (TNT) and related
organic compounds. Sediments and surface water contain TNT, lead,
arsenic, and chromium. Potential health threats include touching or
accidentally ingesting contaminated groundwater, soil, surface water or
sediments. In addition, contaminants may potentially accumulate in fish,
waterfowl, livestock, and commercial agricultural products and could pose
a health threat to those who eat them.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
continued
35
-------
JOLIET ARMY AMMUNITION PLANT (MANUFACTURING AREA)
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
I**" Immediate Actions: In 1985, over 7 million gallons of explosive-
contaminated water was removed from the Red Water Lagoon and
transported to a federally approved facility for disposal. Explosive-
«-«- .
contaminated sludge and the lagoon liner were also removed, and the area was
covered with clay. In addition, two piles containing ash from past incineration of
explosives were re-capped.
Entire Site: In 1989, the Army began investigating the type and extent of
the contamination at the plant. The investigation is scheduled for
completion in 1993. Effective measures will then be recommended for
site cleanup based on the results of the studies.
Site Facts: An Interagency Agreement was signed between the Army and the EPA in
June 1989. Under this agreement, the Army will investigate and clean up the
contamination on the site. The site is participating in the Installation Restoration
Program (IRP), a specially funded program developed in 1978 by the Department of
Defense (DOD) to identify, control, and investigate hazardous wastes on military or
other DOD installations.
Environmental Progress
Removing the wastewater and sludge, covering, and capping the area have greatly
reduced the threat of exposure to or spread of hazardous materials. The Army is
conducting investigations that will lead to the selection of final cleanup actions for the
Joliet Army Ammunition Plant (Manufacturing Area) site.
36
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KERR-MCGEE (KRE
CREEK/WEST
OF DUPAGE RIVER)
jw: v'
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980823991
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 14
DuPage County
West Chicago
Alias:
West Branch of DuPage River
The Kerr-McGee (Kress Creek/West Branch of DuPage River) site covers about 1 1/2
miles of Kress Creek and 1/2 mile of the West Branch of the DuPage River in West
Chicago. In 1931, the Lindsay Light and Chemical Company established a mill in West
Chicago for extracting thorium and non-radioactive elements from monazite and other
ores. Later, the mill was used for the manufacture of gaslight mantles (which contain
thorium), mesothorium, and during World War II, hydrofluoric acid. Ownership of the
facility changed from Lindsay to American Potash and Chemical in 1958 and to Kerr-
McGee Chemical Corporation in 1967. The primary activity at Kerr-McGee was the
processing of ores containing thorium, radium, uranium, rare earths, and heavy metals
such as lead. The waste materials from these operations were sent to numerous areas
within the City of West Chicago. The main sites include: the Kress Creek and West
Branch area, which receives runoff-from the Rare Earth Facility; the City sewage
treatment plant; Reed-Keppler Park, a public park; and 117 additional properties.
Operations continued at the site until Kerr-McGee closed the plant in 1973. Over the
years, a portion of the wastes from the plant were discharged into Kress Creek, a
tributary of the DuPage River, either by storm sewer or drainage ditch. Radiation
contamination, which is found to a depth of several feet along the stream, decreases
with distance from the creek. Many of the highest levels of contamination were found
near the storm sewer outfall. Kerr-McGee Reed Keppler Park, Kerr-McGee Residential
Areas, and Kerr-McGee Sewage Treatment Plant are listed as separate sites on the
National Priorities List. Approximately 20,000 people live within 3 miles of the site.
Drinking water in the area is obtained by municipal or private wells.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/15/84
Threats and Contaminants
Sediments and Kress Creek contain radiation. People who touch or
accidentally ingest the contaminated water in Kress Creek may suffer
adverse health effects. In addition, wildlife in and around the creek may
be harmed by the radiation.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
37
continued
-------
KERR-MCGEE (KRESS CREEK/WEST BRANCH OF DUPAGE RIVER)
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of
the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: In 1983, Kerr-McGee began an investigation of the Kress
Creek area. The first phase of the investigation is completed. The entire
investigation is scheduled for completion in 1991, at which time cleanup
alternatives for the site will be recommended.
Site Facts: In 1984, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) issued an Order to
Show Cause, requiring Kerr-McGee Chemical Corporation to either prepare and
implement a cleanup plan, or show just cause why it should not be required to do so.
In 1985, Kerr-McGee and the City of West Chicago entered into a Consent Decree to
excavate, remove contaminants, and decontaminate the sites.
Environmental Progress
After listing the Kerr-McGee (Kress Creek/West Branch of DuPage River) site on the
NPL, the EPA performed preliminary evaluations and determined that the site does not
pose an immediate threat to the public or the environment while the investigations
leading to a permanent cleanup remedy for this site and the three associated Kerr-
McGee sites are taking place.
38
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KERR-MCGEE (RE
KEPPLER PARK)
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980824007
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 14
DuPage County
West Chicago
The Kerr-McGee (Reed-Keppler Park) site covers about 11 acres in West Chicago. In
1931, the Lindsay Light and Chemical Company established .a mill in West Chicago for
extracting thorium and non-radioactive elements from monazite and other ores. Later,
the mill was used for the manufacture of gaslight mantles (which contain thorium),
mesothorium, and during World War II, hydrofluoric acid. Ownership of the facility
changed from Lindsay to American Potash and Chemical in 1958 and to Kerr-McGee
Chemical Corporation in 1967. The primary activity at Kerr-McGee was the processing
of ores containing thorium, radium, uranium, rare earths, and heavy metals such as
lead. The waste materials from these operations were dispersed among numerous
areas within the City of West Chicago. The main sites include: the Kress Creek and
West Branch area, which receives runoff from the Rare Earth Facility; the City sewage
treatment plant; Reed-Keppler Park, a public park; and 117 additional properties.
Operations continued at the site until Kerr-McGee closed the plant in 1973. Radioactive
materials were landfilled at Reed-Keppler Park, which had originally been a gravel
quarry. The contaminated areas are within the landfill and around and under the tennis
courts adjacent to it. For additional information, please see the other National Priority
Listings for Kerr-McGee; all are being treated as separate sites. Approximately 15,000
people live within 3 miles of the site. The closest residence to the park is about 250
feet away. There are several private wells 2,000 feet from the park.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/15/84
Threats and Contaminants
L\
The air and groundwater contain radiation. Soil contains heavy metals and
radiation. People who touch or accidentally ingest contaminated
groundwater and soil may be at risk.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
39
continued
-------
KERR-MCGEE (REED-KEPPLERPARK)
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: interim actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
interim Actions: In 1986, approximately 20,000 cubic yards of thorium
mill tailings at the park were excavated and moved to a fenced area.
Reed-Keppler Park: In 1983, Kerr-McGee began an investigation of the
Reed-Keppler Park area. The first phase of the investigation is finished.
The entire investigation is scheduled for completion in 1991, at which time
cleanup technologies will be recommended for the site.
Site Facts: In 1984, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission {NRQ issued an Order to
Show Cause, requiring Kerr-McGee Chemical Corporation to either prepare and
implement a cleanup plan, or to show just cause why it should not be required to do so.
In 1985, Kerr-McGee and the City of West Chicago entered into a Consent Decree to
excavate and to decontaminate the sites.
Environmental Progress
The removal of mill tailings from the park has significantly reduced the potential for
exposure to radioactive materials at the Kerr-McGee (Reed-Keppler Park) site, while
investigations leading to final cleanup actions take place.
40
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KBRR-MCGEE
(RESIDENTIA
ILLINOIS
EPAID# ILD980824015
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 14
DuPage County
West Chicago
The Kerr-McGee (Residential Areas) site covers about 30 acres adjacent to the Kerr-
McGee Chemical Corporation facility, as well as other adjacent areas and isolated spots
of elevated radiation levels in West Chicago. In 1931, the Lindsay Light and Chemical
Company established a mill in West Chicago for extracting thorium and non-radioactive
elements from monazite and other ores. Later, the mill was used for the manufacture
of gaslight mantles {which contain thorium), mesothorium, and during World War II,
hydrofluoric acid. Ownership of the facility changed from Lindsay to American Potash
and Chemical in 1958 and to Kerr-McGee Chemical Corporation in 1967. The primary
activity at Kerr-McGee was the processing of ores containing thorium, radium,
uaranium, rare earths, and heavy metals such as lead. The waste materials from these
operations were dispersed among numerous areas within the City of West Chicago.
The main sites include: the Kress Creek and West Branch area, which receives runoff
from the Rare Earth Facility; the City sewage treatment plant; Reed-Keppler Park, a
public park; and 117 additional properties. Operations continued at the site until Kerr-
McGee closed the plant in 1973. In 1978, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
located 75 spots of elevated radiation levels. Since that time, the number has grown to
approximately 117. Although the general area of contamination may be due, in part, to
long-term emissions from the facility, the primary source of contamination is believed
to be the result of specific incidents such as spills or the use of contaminated material
as fill. The Kerr-McGee (Reed Keppler Park), Kerr-McGee (Kress Creek/West Branch),
and Kerr-McGee (Sewage Treatment Plant) sites are all being treated as separate sites
on the National Priorities List. Approximately 15,000 people live within 3 miles of the
site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
IMPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/15/84
Threats and Contaminants
Soil is contaminated with radiation. People who are exposed to elevated
levels of radiation in the soils may suffer adverse health effects.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
41
continued
-------
r
KERR-MCGEE (RESIDENTIAL AREAS)
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: interim actions and a long-term remedial
phase directed at cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Ix*
Interim Actions: Kerr-McGee has removed soils from residences and
placed the material at a facility for temporary storage.
Entire Site: In 1983, Kerr-McGee began an investigation of the residential
areas. The first phase of the investigation is finished, and the entire
, ^ investigation is scheduled for completion in 1992. The final report will
include recommendations for site cleanup measures, from which the EPA will select a
final cleanup remedy.
Site Facts: In 1984, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) issued an Order to
Show Cause, requiring Kerr-McGee Chemical Corporation to either prepare and
implement a cleanup plan, or to show just cause why it should not be required to do so.
In 1985, Kerr-McGee and the City of West Chicago entered into a Consent Decree to
excavate, remove contaminants, and decontaminate the sites.
Environmental Progress
The removal of some of the contaminated soil from the Kerr-McGee (Residential Areas)
site has helped to reduce the potential of exposure to hazardous materials while the
investigations leading to the selection of the final cleanup remedies are taking place.
42
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KERR-MCGEE
(SEWAGE
PLANT)
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980824031
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 14
DuPage County
West Chicago
The Kerr-McGee (Sewage Treatment Plant) site covers about 23 acres in West Chicago.
In 1931, the Lindsay Light and Chemical Company established a mill in West Chicago
for extracting thorium and non-radioactive elements from monazite and other ores.
Later, the mill was used for the manufacture of gaslight mantles (which contain
thorium), mesothorium, and during World War II, hydrofluoric acid. Ownership of the
facility changed from Lindsay to American Potash and Chemical in 1958 and to Kerr-
McGee Chemical Corporation in 1967. The primary activity at Kerr-McGee was the
processing of ores containing thorium, radium, uranium, rare earths, and heavy metals
such as lead. The waste materials from these operations were sent to numerous areas
within the City of West Chicago. The main sites include: the Kress Creek and West
Branch area, which receives runoff from the Rare Earth Facility; the City sewage
treatment plant; Reed-Keppler Park, a public park; and 117 additional properties.
Operations continued at the site until Kerr-McGee closed the plant in 1973. The original
sewage treatment plant was built in 1919 and included two septic tanks. Over the
years, the tanks were filled with radioactive materials. Additionally, fill, including
radioactive materials, was placed in other areas of the site. While modernizing the
plant, the City has located many surface and subsurface areas of the contamination.
For additional information, please see the listings for Kerr-McGee (Reed Keppler Park),
Kerr-McGee (Residential Areas), and Kerr-McGee (Kress Creek/West Branch), all listed
separately on the National Priorities List. Approximately 15,000 people live within 3
miles of the site. The surrounding area is low-density residential, with forests north of
the plant. There are thorium mill tailings on the west bank of the DuPage River, and the
closest residences are on the east side of the river. The closest house is about 300
feet from the tailings.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/15/84
March 1990
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater contains radiation and heavy metals. Soil at the site
contains radiation. People who are exposed to radioactive-contaminated
groundwater and soil may suffer adverse health effects.
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
43
continued
-------
KERR-MCGEE (SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT)
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1986, Kerr-McGee removed soils from the
sewage treatment plant and placed the material in a facility for temporary
storage.
Entire Site: In 1983, Kerr-McGee began an investigation of the sewage
treatment plant. Once the investigation is completed, scheduled for 1992,
measures will be recommended for site cleanup. The EPA will then select
the final cleanup remedy from these recommendations.
Site Facts: In 1984, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) issued an Order to
Show Cause, requiring Kerr-McGee Chemical Corporation to either prepare and
implement a cleanup plan, or to show why it should not be required to do so. In 1985,
Kerr-McGee and the City of West Chicago entered into a Consent Decree to excavate,
remove contaminants, and decontaminate the site.
I Environmental Progress
Removal of some of the contaminated soil from the Kerr-McGee (Sewage Treatment
Plant) site has helped to reduce the potential for exposure to hazardous materials while
the investigations leading to the selection of a permanent remedy for the site are taking
place.
44
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LASALLE ELECTR
UTILITIES ^^
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980794333
\ i I
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 14
LaSalle County
LaSalle
From the late 1940s to 1978, the 10-acre LaSalle Electric Utilities (LEU) site was used
to manufacture capacitors containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Operations
ceased in 1981, and the site is now abandoned. The company reportedly used waste
oil to control dust in the parking lot and off site until 1969. Several hundred drums of
PCS wastes, many of which were leaking, were found stored in a wooden shed. A
tank truck containing PCB-contaminated wastes was found near a storm drain manhole.
Leakage from these containers may have reached the storm sewer system and surface
water tributary to the Illinois River. An aboveground storage tank was also discovered
that contained 940 gallons of trichloroethylene (TCE). Additionally, PCB-contaminated
soil was stockpiled on site. PCBs have been found on the shoulder of the road that
passes in front of the LEU site. This contaminated area covers approximately 1 1/2
miles and passes in front of a school and recreational park. Approximately 190 people
reside within 1/8 of a mile of the site; 3,400 people live within 1 mile of the site and
approximately 21,000 people live within 3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
/A
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater, surface water, sediments, soil, and the buildings on site are
contaminated with PCBs. The buildings are also contaminated with
asbestos. Primary health threats include touching or accidentally
ingesting contaminated groundwater, surface water, sediments, or soil.
PCB leakage from the drums on site could reach the storm sewer system
and tributaries of the Illinois River.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in three stages: initial actions and two long-term remedial
phases focusing on off-site soil cleanup and on-site soil, sediments, and groundwater
cleanup
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
45
continued
-------
LASALLE ELECTRIC UTILITIES
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: Between 1982 and 1985, the EPA completed several
activities in order to stabilize the contaminated areas including: (1)
installing warning signs, a barbed wire fence, and a gate around the site;
(2) capping the property; (3) constructing four on-site monitoring wells; (4) capping
contaminated off-site areas; (5) staging, sampling, and packaging PCB waste materials
for future disposal; and (6) draining 15 vertical tanks and 5 diffusion pump reservoirs
inside the LaSalle Electric building into five drums. The drums containing PCB materials
were moved to a diked and lined storage area inside the warehouse. A retention pond
was expanded to control on-site drainage, stained soil was excavated from under the
tank trailer, and the excavated soil was placed into drums. The tank containing TCE
was also removed from the site for reuse.
Off-Site Soil: Based on the results of the site investigations, the EPA
selected the following remedies to clean up the site: (1) excavating
approximately 23,550 cubic yards of contaminated off-site soil and
replacing it with clean fill; (2) incinerating contaminated soils with a thermal
destruction unit; and (3) implementing conventional industrial cleaning to include
vacuuming, hand washing, steam jet cleaning, and absorption of all structures where
soil removal activities have taken place. The State began cleanup activities in 1987 by
excavating the contaminated off-site soil and replacing it with the clean fill. Following
this action, buildings in the area were cleaned, and the ventilation systems were
scrubbed. The remaining soil incineration and final work on the site cleanup are
expected to be completed in 1990. As a safety measure to avoid the inhalation of
possible airborne contaminated particulates by the residents, approximately 30 families
and two businesses were relocated during excavations and until homes were cleaned
up.
On-Site Soil, Sediments, and Groundwater: In 1988, a decision was
reached by the State to perform the following cleanup actions: (1)
excavating contaminated soil from the LaSalle Electric Utilities property; (2)
high-pressure flushing and mechanical cleaning of contaminated sewer
lines; (3) excavating contaminated sediment from the unnamed creek downstream of
the storm sewer discharge; (4) incinerating the contaminated soil and sediment with a
thermal destruction unit; (5) demolishing and disposing of the contaminated LEU
buildings; (6) constructing a groundwater collection system on or near the LEU
property; and (7) constructing an on-site treatment system that will process the
collected contaminated groundwater. The design of the cleanup action is completed.
Cleanup activities are scheduled to begin in 1990.
Environmental Progress
Securing the site, containing contaminated soil through capping, and incinerating and
excavating the PCB wastes have greatly reduced the potential for exposure to
hazardous materials at the LaSalle Electric Utilities site while further cleanup activities
are started.
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LENZ OIL
SERVICE,
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD005451711
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 04
Cook County
Lemont
Lenz Oil Service, Inc., operated an oil and solvent storage and transfer facility under
different ownership for over 20 years. In 1980, Charles Russell purchased the
company and began a waste management operation at the site. In 1981, the company
received a permit from the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA) to accept
hazardous waste. In 1985, three surface impoundments were used to store hazardous
waste. Also at the site were three underground unlined concrete storage tanks, 35
aboveground tanks, and 200 drums. In 1985, the Illinois Attorney General's Office
required Lenz Oil and Charles Russell to begin an immediate cleanup and to file a
closure and compliance plan. In 1986, Lenz Oil filed for bankruptcy. In 1986, the IEPA
performed soil sampling at the site and found it to be contaminated with high levels of
volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Private residential wells adjacent to the site show
contamination, but residents of these homes have been connected to alternate water
supplies. Approximately 11,300 people live within 3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties'actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 10/04/89
Threats and Contaminants
I
Groundwater and soils are contaminated with various VOCs. Private wells
adjacent to the site are contaminated. Drinking contaminated
groundwater may pose a potential health threat. Direct contact with VOC-
contaminated soils may also be a potential health threat.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
47
continued
-------
LENZ OIL SERVICE, INC.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1986, the State provided an alternate water supply
to residents with contaminated wells. The State subsequently performed
surface soil cleanup activities, which included the incineration of 21,000
tons of contaminated soil in 1989.
Entire Site: A group of 199 potentially responsible parties agreed to
perform a study to determine the nature and extent of contamination at
the site. The study began in 1989. Based on the results of the
investigations, various cleanup alternatives will be recommended, from which the EPA
will select the final remedy.
Environmental Progress
The incineration of contaminated soil and the provision of an alternate water supply
have greatly reduced the potential for exposure at the Lenz Oil Service site while
further investigations are taking place and cleanup activities are planned.
A
48
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MIG/DEW,
LANDFILL
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980497788
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 16
Boone County
BeMdere
Aliases:
Mlg Investment
Bonus Landfill
The 50-acre MIG/Dewane Landfill site began accepting household refuse and special
wastes such as paint sludges and organic solvents in the early 1980s. Reportedly,
480,000 gallons of hazardous wastes were dumped into the landfill. The landfill is not
covered, and leachate has been observed moving off site. The site ceased operations
in 1988 when the State sued the landfill owner for exceeding its permit authority.
Approximately 10 acres of the site contain exposed wastes. The State pumps out a
leachate collection lagoon periodically to keep it from overflowing. There are
approximately 16,300 people who obtain drinking water from wells within 3 miles of
the site. The site is located near Belvidere's municipal water wells and private wells.
One municipal well and 28% of the private wells are obtaining water from the upper
aquifer. A private well is 2,500 feet from a contaminated well on the site. The site is
located about 2,000 feet from the Kishwaukee River.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/26/89
Threats and Contaminants
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been detected in groundwater
downslope of the site. Heavy metals including arsenic, cyanide, lead, and
zinc have been detected in leachate samples. Potential health threats to
people include drinking and touching contaminated groundwater and
leachate.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
49
continued
-------
MIG/DEWANE LANDFILL
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup
of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: Because the MIG/Dewane Landfill site was recently proposed
to the NPL, no cleanup activity has commenced. A thorough investigation
will be conducted to determine the nature and extent of the
contamination at the site.
Environmental Progress
At the time that this summary was written, this site had just obtained NPL status, and it
was too early to discuss environmental progress. The EPA will be performing a study
to assess the need for any intermediate actions required to make the site safer while
waiting for cleanup actions to begin.
50
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NL INDUS!
TARACORP
LEAD SMELTER
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD096731468
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 21
Madison County
Granite City
Aliases:
Hoyt Plant
National Lead Tamcorp
Taracorp Industries Granite City Plant
Granite City Lead
Operations at the 16-acre NL Industries/Taracorp Lead Smelter site have included metal
refining, fabricating, and related activities since the turn of the century. Taracorp Inc.
purchased the facility in 1979 from NL Industries, owners since 1928, and currently
operates it as a metal fabrication facility. Lead pollution in the area is believed to be
partially a result of lead smelting conducted at the site from 1905 until 1983. The
smelter was used for purifying and reprocessing lead-containing scrap, used batteries,
and cable sheathing. Solid wastes generated from this process included blast furnace
slag, battery cases, and dust from the smelter's smoke stack. These wastes were
stored on site in waste piles. Another storage area of waste piles is located at the St.
Louis Lead Recyclers (SLLR) site, adjacent to the Taracorp Inc. property. The wastes at
SLLR were a result of recycling the original waste piles. A third location of
contamination attributed to the site is the remote fill areas of Venice and Eagle Park
Acres, where lead-containing battery case pieces were allegedly used for fill and alley
paving material. The Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA) began monitoring
air quality for lead in 1978. Between 1978 and 1981, air monitoring detected levels
exceeding Federal standards. In 1981, the State of Illinois was required by the EPA to
develop a plan to control and maintain Federal air quality standards for lead in Granite
City. In 1982, the State of Illinois denied an application for renewal of Taracorp's permit
to operate the smelter since the primary source of lead pollution detected in area air
and soil was from the Taracorp facility. Taracorp, Inc. filed for bankruptcy in 1982.
Approximately 15,000 people live within 1 mile of the site, which is located within a
heavily industrialized section of Granite City.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties'actions.
NPL. LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/15/84
Final Date: 06/10/86
Threats and Contaminants
I
Groundwater in monitoring wells was found to be contaminated with
dissolved solids, sulfates, and manganese. Two on-site wells also
contained heavy metals including arsenic, cadmium, nickel, manganese,
and zinc. Sediments samples from the stormwater runoff areas and soils
contained elevated levels of lead. Granite City's municipal drinking water
comes from the Mississippi River and does not appear to be affected by
contaminated groundwater. Potential health risks may exist from
touching or accidentally ingesting contaminated soils.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
51
continued
-------
NLINDUSTRIES/TARACORP LEAD SMELTER
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup
of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: In 1990, the EPA selected a remedy to clean up the site
which includes: (1) removing crushed hard rubber battery casings and
lead-contaminated soil from residential areas; (2) excavating and
consolidating the soils, crushed casings, and lead-contaminated materials
from an adjacent waste pile into the existing Taracorp slag pile; (3) covering the
Taracorp pile with a cap; (4) installing an upgraded security fence around the the
Taracorp pile; (5) implementing deed restrictions and other institutional controls; (6)
inspecting alleys and driveways and areas containing surficial battery case material to
determine if they must also be cleaned; (7) installing monitoring wells; (8) monitoring
groundwater, air, and the cap; (9) removing and recovering all drums on the Taracorp
pile at a secondary smelter; and (10) consolidating the waste contained in the adjacent
St. Louis Lead Recyclers piles with the Taracorp pile.
Site Facts: In 1985, the EPA and the State signed a Consent Order with NL Industries
requiring the company to conduct an investigation to determine the type and extent of
contamination at the site and to identify alternatives for cleanup. The EPA has sent
Special Notice Letters to the potentially responsible parties. Once an agreement is
negotiated, the design of the remedy and the cleanup activities will begin.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and
determined that no immediate actions were required at the NL Industries site while
further studies and cleanup activities are taking place.
52
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OUTBOARD
MARINE CO
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD000802827
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 10
Lake County
Waukegan
The Outboard Marine Corp. (OMC) site covers three separate areas: Waukegan Harbor,
a 37-acre area along the western shore of Lake Michigan; North Ditch, a small tributary
approximately 1,500 feet north of the Harbor; and the OMC parking lot, a 9-acre lot
south of North Ditch. Between 1959 and 1971, the Johnson Motors Division of OMC
purchased hydraulic fluids containing polychlorinated biphenyls (RGBs). The company
used the material in aluminum die cast machines that routinely leaked. In 1976, it was
discovered that the company was discharging PCBs into Waukegan Harbor and the
North Ditch. Both of these water bodies flow into Lake Michigan. The City of
Waukegan has a population of approximately 68,000 and surrounds Waukegan Harbor.
The harbor area is primarily zoned for industrial and commercial use. There are
approximately 15 businesses in the immediate harbor area and a worker population of
about 3,500 people. People in the area also use the harbor for various recreational
activities.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/22/81
Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater, surface water, sediments, and soils are contaminated with
PCBs. The primary way people could be exposed to hazardous chemicals
from the site is to eat fish contaminated with PCBs. Other potential
health hazards include touching or accidentally ingesting contaminated
materials.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
53
continued
-------
OUTBOARD MARINE CORP.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup
of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: In 1989, the EPA selected a remedy to clean up the site
including: (1) constructing a cutoff and slurry wall in a boat slip in the
harbor to form a ce//to contain the contaminants; (2) constructing a new
boat slip and relocating Larsen Marine; (3) removing and treating
sediments in the boat slip and placing contaminated sediments in the containment cell
of the new slip; (4) excavating and treating soil and sediments on site from the lagoon
area; (5) constructing a containment cell to treat residues and PCB-contaminated soils
with lower levels of contamination; (6) constructing a containment cell around the
parking lot area; (7) constructing a temporary facility on site to treat waste dredged
from the containment cells; (8) constructing a permanent facility on site to treat
contaminated water; (9) treating water from the containment cell on site by discharging
the water to a facility that can treat the water; (10) placing a cap on all containment
cells; and (11) monitoring the groundwater. The potentially responsible parties are
designing the technical specifications for the cleanup under EPA monitoring.
Construction is expected to begin in 1990.
Site Facts: In 1984, the EPA began design work to clean up soils and sediments
contaminated with PCBs. A Consent Decree was signed in 1986 by OMC. The
potentially responsible parties and the EPA entered into a Consent Decree in 1989,
requiring the parties to perform the cleanup activities on the site.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and
determined that no immediate actions were required at the Outboard Marine Corp. site
while final cleanup activities are being designed and planned.
A
54
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PAGEL'S PIT
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980606685
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 16
Winnebago County
Rockford
The 60-acre Pagel's Pit site is a fend////that has been operated by Winnebago
Reclamation since 1972. The pit is lined with "blacktop," which has a coal tar sealer.
The landfill accepted municipal refuse, sewage sludge, and a limited amount of other
wastes. The landfill is still operating. Access to the site is somewhat restricted.
Approximately 170 people live within a 1-mile radius of the site, and the nearest
residence is across the street from the site. The shallow aquifer under the site is a
source of drinking water to residents in the area. The Winnebago County Health
Department tested the water and discovered it was contaminated with several volatile
organic compounds {VOCs). Some residents have home carbon treatment units for
their water supply due to the Acme Solvent contamination, another NPL site. This site
is located approximately 1,500 feet east of Pagel's Pit. Killbuck Creek is located on the
eastern perimeter of the site. Pagel's Pit is located in a rural area.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/15/84
Final Date: 06/10/86
Threats and Contaminants
Shallow groundwater under the site contains VOCs, phthalates, and
arsenic. People may potentially be exposed to hazardous chemicals from
the site by touching or swallowing contaminated groundwater. The
shallow aquifer under the site may be contaminated with several VOCs.
Killbuck Creek could become contaminated through runoff from the site.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
55
continued
-------
PAGEL'S PIT
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed through a single long-term remedial phase focusing on
cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: In 1986, the EPA began a study of contamination at the site,
but the potentially responsible parties have taken it over. The parties are
examining the type of contaminants at the site and how far they have
spread. This study will also identify alternatives for addressing the problem and is
expected to be completed in 1992.
Site Facts: In 1986, the EPA negotiated a settlement with the potentially responsible
parties to study the nature and extent of the problem and to examine alternative
solutions.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and
determined that no immediate actions were required at the Pagel's Pit site while
further studies are taking place and cleanup activities are being planned.
56
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PARSON'S C
HARDWARE
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD005252432
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 16
Boone County
BeMdere
Alias:
Parson's Casket
The 2-acre Parson's Casket Hardware Co. site was used as an electroplating facility
from 1898 until 1982, when the owner filed for bankruptcy. Wastes from the
operations were stored in drums, aboveground and underground storage tanks, and an
unlined surface impoundment Wastes generated included electroplating sludge;
cyanide plating and cleaning solutions; and bronze, nickel, and brass sludges. In 1982,
the State found that approximately 120 drums of various sizes were stored inside and'
outside the manufacturing building; many were dented, corroded, leaking, or
uncovered. Approximately 4,800 gallons of wastes were stored in aboveground and
underground tanks. An unlined lagoon contained approximately 166,500 gallons of
liquid wastes and 1,230 cubic yards of sludges. Post-cleanup sampling data was
collected by the State in 1987 and indicated that the groundwater is contaminated with
volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The municipal water system in the area uses
groundwater from an a
-------
PARSON'S CASKET HARDWARE CO.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: initial actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: In 1984, the State of Illinois began to clean up the surface
impoundment and the storage tanks on site and completed the action in
1985. Also in 1985, Filter Systems, Inc. purchased the building and moved
all drums inside the building.
Entire Site: The State is carrying out a study of the nature and extent of
contamination at the site, under EPA monitoring. The EPA will use the
results of this study to select alternative actions for the cleanup of the site.
Site Facts: The State ordered the Parson's Casket Hardware Co. to repackage all
leaking drums and move them indoors before it filed for bankruptcy. The new owner,
Filter Systems, Inc., agreed to recycle or remove the drums stored in the building on
site.
Environmental Progress
The cleanup of the surface impoundment and storage tanks has greatly reduced the
potential for exposure to hazardous materials at the Parson's Casket Hardware Co. site
while further studies are taking place and cleanup activities are being planned.
58
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PETERSEN
SAND &
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD003817137
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 10
Lake County
1 mile north of Liberiyvllle
The 120-acre Petersen Sand & Gravel site is a quarry purchased by Raymond Petersen
in 1952 to mine sand and gravel. The company dumped non-hazardous wastes,
solvents, and paint wastes in buried drums at the site between 1955 and 1958.
Raymond Petersen owned the site until the Lake County Forest Preserve District
(LCFPD) acquired it in 1979. The District planned to convert the quarry into a 240-acre
recreational lake. The Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA) inspected the
site in 1971 and ordered it closed because of illegal dumping. The site consists of
three disposal areas that are located in the quarry and just east of the Des Planes River.
The first disposal area, which the IEPA reinspected in 1972 and found to be properly
closed, contains non-hazardous wastes. In 1976, the IEPA discovered 10 to 15
uncovered barrels of waste in the second disposal area of the gravel pit. Of these,
about half contained paint and solvent wastes. In 1983, the LCFPD uncovered six more
drums containing unknown liquids in an area of the site located outside the quarry, 100
yards east of the second disposal area. Barbed wire surrounds the perimeter of the
gravel pit. Approximately 880 people live within a 1-mile radius of the site. The closest
residence is an on-site trailer.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/15/84
Final Date: 06/10/86
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater, surface water, and sediments contain volatile organic
compounds (VOCs); heavy metals including arsenic, cadmium, chromium,
and lead; polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs); and polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons (PAHs). Because contamination levels are low and site
contaminants are not migrating, no potential health threats currently exist.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
59
continued
-------
PETERSEN SAND & GRAVEL
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: initial actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: In 1977, the I EPA removed approximately 350 drums from
the second disposal area and placed them in a landfill permitted for
hazardous waste. In 1983, approximately 400 empty drums, 2,600 yards
of contaminated soil, and 26,000 gallons of surface water from a disposal trench were
removed and placed in a permitted landfill for hazardous waste. Also, 750 drums and
1,000 paint cans were removed.
Entire Site: The State completed the final study of the site in 1988. The
findings show that contaminants at the site do not exist at levels that
present a concern to the health of residents in the area. Therefore, the
EPA has concluded that no further site contamination studies or other cleanup actions
will be carried out at the site, since the findings in the final report show that past
removal actions were adequate and that no unacceptable risks remain. However,
LCFPD plans to build a lake at the site which could change the way any contaminants
remaining at the site migrate. Therefore, the LCFPD will monitor the surface water and
sediments on site before and after the lake is built. Groundwater and rainwater that
collect in the quarry pit will continue to be discharged to the Des Plaines River in
compliance with the EPA's regulations for surface water until mining at the site stops.
Site Facts: The EPA and the IEPA conducted the study to determine the nature and
extent of contamination at the site under a Cooperative Agreement signed in 1986.
Environmental Progress
Studies performed at the Petersen Sand & Gravel site have shown that no threats
currently exist for nearby residents and the environment. However, the State and the
EPA will continue to monitor site conditions while a recreational lake is being
constructed at the site, ensuring the continued safety for people using or living near the
site.
60
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SANGAMO EL
DUMP/CRAB,
NATIONAL
REFUGE (USD
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# IL8143609487
Site Description
HARD
/ f f
-------
L\
SANGAMO ELECTRIC DUMP/CRAB ORCHARD NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE (USDOI)
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater contaminants include chromium, lead, arsenic, cadmium,
PCBs, and various volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Sediments and
soils are contaminated with PCBs and various heavy metals. Fish have
been contaminated with PCBs. Eating contaminated fish may pose a
health threat to people. Accidental ingestion of contaminated soil or
sediments may also pose a health threat.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in four long-term remedial phases focusing on cleanup of
the (1) Metals Areas, (2) PCB Areas, (3) Munitions/Explosives Manufacturing Area, and
(4) Miscellaneous Areas.
Response Action Status
Metals Areas: In 1990, the EPA selected a remedy which includes: (1)
excavating contaminated soil and sediment; (2) treating the hazardous
materials by stabilization and fixation; (3) disposing of the residuals in an
on-site solid waste landfill; (4) monitoring and maintenance of the area; and
(5) implementing land use restrictions. The design of the technical specifications are
under way and are expected to continue until 1991.
PCB Areas: An investigation into the source and extent of the PCB-
contaminated subsites is under way. The method for cleaning up these
subsites is scheduled to be selected in 1990.
Munitions/Explosives Manufacturing Area: In 1990, the DOD is
scheduled to begin an investigation of those areas contaminated with
chemicals from munitions and explosives manufacturing. The
investigation is expected to be concluded in 1993 with recommendations for cleanup
activities.
Miscellaneous Areas: In 1991, the FWS is scheduled to continue an
investigation into the remaining areas of the Refuge to identify any
additional contaminated areas and to outline actions to be taken. This
study is scheduled to be finished in 1994.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and
determined that no immediate actions were required at the Sangamo Electric Dump/
Crab Orchard National Wildlife Refuge site while cleanup activities are being planned.
62
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SAVANNA ARMY
DEPOT ACTIVI
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# IL3210020803
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 16
Carroll County
North of Savanna
The 13,062-acre Savanna Army Depot site is an Army munitions installation located on
the east bank of the Mississippi River. The facility has handled, processed, and stored
munitions, explosives, and industrial chemicals since operations began in 1918.
Renovation and loading of artillery shells and bombs began at the site in the 1930s and
has occurred intermittently. Several areas of the facility have been used for the
demolition and burning of obsolete ordnance. Approximately 70 areas within the facility
have been identified as potential sources of hazardous waste. Public access to the site
is restricted. There are approximately 650 people within 3 miles of the site and a large
wintering population of Bald Eagles on the facility.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/15/84
Final Date: 03/31/89
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater is contaminated with various explosives, trichloroethylene
(TCE), chloroform, and nickel. Sediments and surface water are
contaminated with various explosives. Soil is contaminated with
explosives and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Potential health
threats to people include drinking contaminated groundwater and
touching surface water, soil and sediments.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
63
continued
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SAVANNA ARMY DEPOT ACTIVITY
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup
of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The U.S. Army, under EPA monitoring, currently is conducting
an investigation into the nature and extent of the contamination at the site.
The investigation will define the contaminants and recommend alternatives
for the final cleanup. The investigation is planned to be completed in 1992.
Site Facts: In 1989, the EPA, the State, and the U. S. Army signed an Interagency
Agreement regarding further cleanup activities at the site. The Savanna Army Depot
Activity site is participating in the Installation Restoration Program (IRP), a federally
funded DOD program to identify, investigate, and control hazardous waste on military
installations.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and
determined that no immediate actions were required at the Savanna Army Depot site
while the Army continues its investigations leading to final cleanup activities.
64
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SOUTHEAST
WATER CO
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD98 10004 17
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 16
Winnebago County
Rockford
Alias:
Southeast Rockford Dry Well
Site Description
The 2-square-mile Southeast Rockford site covers 83 city blocks; however,
contamination could affect a larger area since these boundaries only indicate where the
EPA has performed sampling. Conversely, the boundaries do not indicate that all
homes or businesses within this area are affected by groundwater contamination. The
groundwater at the site is contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The
Rock River is located 2 miles west of the site, but is not used as a drinking water
supply. Some homes and businesses located within the site boundaries are already
connected to the municipal water supply and are not affected by the groundwater
contamination. Approximately 155,000 people living within 3 miles of the site use
groundwater for drinking purposes. The majority of the people use City water, which is
drawn from a protected aquifer.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 03/31/89
Threats and Contaminants
On-site groundwater is contaminated with various VOCs. Potential health
threats to people include drinking or touching contaminated groundwater.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
continued
65
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SOUTHEAST ROCKFORD GROUND WATER CONTAMINATION
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: initial actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of groundwater.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: In 1989, the EPA sampled the wells of 78 homes and
tested the samples for specific VOCs. The EPA then offered bottled water
as a temporary measure to residents of homes and apartments whose
water wells were found to contain contaminants exceeding a certain level. Bottled
water has also been offered to residents near the contaminated wells. The EPA is
laying water mains, and approximately 200 homes will be connected to the City water
supply. The EPA will install carbon filtration systems and undertake additional
sampling.
Groundwater: The State, under EPA monitoring, is conducting an
investigation into the source, nature, and extent of groundwater
contamination at the site. The investigation will define the contaminants
and recommend alternatives for the final groundwater cleanup. The investigation is
planned to be completed in 1992.
Environmental Progress
The provision of alternate water supplies has eliminated the potential of exposure to
hazardous substances in the drinking water and will continue to protect residents near
the Southeast Rockford site until planned cleanup activities are completed.
66
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TRI-COUNTY LA
CO./WASTE
OF ILLINOIS, IN
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD048306138
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 13
TKane County
South Elgin
Alias:
Tri County Landfill
The 46-acre Tri-County Landfill Co./Waste Management of Illinois, Inc. site was
previously part of a gravel mining operation. The landfill site was originally owned and
operated by the Tri-County Landfill Company from 1968 to 1973. The company had a
permit from the State to accept general municipal refuse. Waste Management of
Illinois, Inc. operated the site from 1973 until it was closed in 1977. In 1984, the EPA
detected contaminants in monitoring wells downgradient of the site. The Fox River,
approximately 1 mile west of the site, is used extensively for fishing and boating. A
freshwater wetland is 1,100 feet away from the site. Over 10,000 people use wells
within 3 miles of the site for drinking water, and a residential well is 1,800 feet away
from the site. The nearest residence is located 1/2 mile from the site.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/10/86
Final Date: 03/31/89
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with various volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) as well as cyanide. The contaminated groundwater
could pose a health hazard to individuals if it is accidentally touched or
swallowed. The contaminants from the site could affect the adjoining
wetlands. There are drainage ditches and tributaries that enter the Fox
River. This surface water resource is used for various recreational
activities. Leachate from the site has reportedly entered nearby ponds
and ditches.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
67
continued
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TRI-COUNTY LANDFILL CO./WASTE MANAGEMENT OF ILLINOIS, INC
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup
of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The EPA is conducting an investigation of the site to
determine the nature and the extent of the contamination. The
investigation is scheduled to be completed in 1991, and the results of the
investigation will be used to evaluate various cleanup alternatives and to select a
preferred cleanup option.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and
determined that no immediate actions were required at the Tri-County Landfill Co./
Waste Management of Illinois, Inc. site while cleanup activities are being planned.
68
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VELSICOL
(ILLINOIS)
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD000814673
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 19
Clark County
1 mile north of Marshall
Alias:
Marshall Plant
The Velsicol Chemical (Illinois) site is a manufacturing facility that was in operation
between the mid-1930s and 1987 and occupied an area of approximately 420 acres,
172 of which were used for production or disposal of petroleum resins, solvents, and
pesticides. Production of chlordane began in the mid-1940s, with manufacturing
operations at the facility remaining virtually unchanged until 1979, when Velsicol
withdrew from the resin market. Manufacturing of chlordane was the sole product at
the facility from 1980 to 1987. Hazardous wastes generated from various
manufacturing activities were stored in on-site impoundments. Overflow from these
impoundments resulted in releases of these wastes to a tributary of East Mill Creek.
All the ponds that were previously used for waste storage are now only used to hold
stormwater and plant runoff. There are approximately 40 residences located within 1/4
mile of the site. The population of Marshall, 1 mile from the site, is approximately
17,000. y
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
L\
- Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater was contaminated with various volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) and pesticides. Sediments and on-site soils were contaminated
with VOCs, pesticides, and cadmium. Elevated concentrations of
pesticides were detected in fish. Adverse health effects may exist for
people who eat contaminated fish, or accidentally ingest or touch
contaminated soil, sediments, or groundwater.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
69
continued
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VELSICOL CHEMICAL (ILLINOIS)
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In the 1980s, all contaminated soil and sediments
were consolidated and stabilized'with cement and fly ash and then covered
with a temporary clay cap and seeded with grass.
Entire Site: In 1988, the following activities were selected to clean up the
site: (1) excavation of 10,200 cubic yards of contaminated stream and
pond sediments and 87,900 cubic yards of contaminated soil, backfilling of
those areas with clay, and reseeding the areas; (2) consolidation of all
excavated material on site; (3) construction of a groundwater collection drain followed
by disposal through either deep well injection or treatment of the water with granular
activated carbon prior to off-site discharge; (4) monitoring of both groundwater and
surface water; and (5) implementation of land use and deed restrictions. The pond
sediments have been excavated, and the demolition of the existing plant has been
accomplished. The closure of the tank and container storage areas has been
completed and the construction of the groundwater collection trench is expected to be
completed in 1990. The design of the cap, water treatment, and stream sediment
excavation are scheduled to be completed in 1991.
Site Facts: In 1989, the EPA and the State reached a settlement with the parties
potentially responsible for site contamination to conduct the cleanup actions at the site.
Environmental Progress
The completed excavation and closure actions described above have greatly reduced
the potential for exposure to and migration of contaminated materials from the Velsicol
Chemical (Illinois) site while further cleanup actions are taking place.
A
70
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WARNER ELECTRIC;
BRAKE & CLU
ILLINOIS
EPA ID* ILD006114151
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 16
Winnebago County
Roscoe
The Warner Electric Brake & Clutch Co. has manufactured drive train components on
this 94-acre site since 1957. Chlorinated solvents used in plant operations were
present in two on-site lagoons that were part of the plant's National Pollutant Discharge
Elimination System. Tests conducted in 1984 by Warner found that monitoring wells
around the lagoons were contaminated with volatile organic compounds {VOCs). VOCs
were found in private wells in the Hononegah Country Estates and the Moore Haven
Subdivision. In 1984, Warner constructed a public water supply system for Hononegah
Country Estates. The system supplies approximately 210 customers. Approximately
7,400 people obtain drinking water from public and private wells within 3 miles of the
site. The Rock River is located 3/4 of a mile from the site and is used for recreational
purposes.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPLUSTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with VOCs. People may be at a health
risk if they swallow or touch contaminated groundwater.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
71
continued
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WARNER ELECTRIC BRAKE & CLUTCH
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1984, the company removed 16,000 tons of
contaminated materials from the two lagoons, transported them to an
approved hazardous waste facility, filled the lagoons, capped the east
lagoon with compacted clay, and covered the lagoons with topsoil. In 1982, the
company began providing bottled water to residents of the two subdivisions and, in
1984, constructed a community water supply system.
Entire Site: The company has agreed to clean up the aquifer containing
groundwater contamination. As a result of final cleanup actions, the site
may be a candidate for removal from the NPL.
Environmental Progress
The removal of contaminated materials and the provision of alternate water supplies
have greatly reduced the potential for exposure to contaminated materials at the
Warner Electric Brake and Clutch Co. site while final cleanup actions are being
performed.
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WAUCOND,
SAND & GRAVEL
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD047019732
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 10
Lake County
1 mile north of Wauconda
Site Description
The 74-acre Wauconda Sand and Gravel site includes 52 acres of licensed and
unlicensed landfill areas. Prior to 1941, a sand and gravel pit operated at the site. The
site was then used as a landfill for municipal waste from 1941 to 1978. Approximately
3 million cubic yards of waste were placed in the two landfills operated on site, one
licensed and the other unlicensed. The entire site was closed and covered with a layer
of clay and soil in 1978. Since the late 1970s, leachate had been discharged to nearby
Mutton Creek, and surface water sampling taken from this creek in the early 1980s
revealed low concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), polychlorinated
biphenyls (RGBs), and heavy metals. RGBs have not been detected in any subsequent
studies. Although the site is currently restricted, the property had once been used for
various recreational activities. Approximately 12 homes are located within 1 mile of the
landfill.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties'actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 07/16/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
L
Threats and Contaminants
Sampling of the groundwater indicates contamination with heavy metals,
VOCs, and pesticides. Leachate is contaminated with heavy metals and
cyanide. Health threats include accidental ingestion or touching
contaminated groundwater or leachate.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
73
continued
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WAUCONDA SAND & GRAVEL
Cleanup Approach
This sjte is being addressed in two long-term remedial phases focusing on leachate
collection and cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Leachate Collection: In 1985, the following remedies were selected for
leachate collection: (1) installation of leachate collection drains to stop
surface leachate discharge into Mutton Creek; (2) providing for proper
disposal of leachate either at the Wauconda Sewage Treatment Plant or a hazardous
waste treatment facility; (3) regrading depressed and eroded areas on the existing
landfill soil cover with sufficient slope to promote rain runoff, (4) revegetating bare and
eroded areas to prevent erosion of soils into Mutton Creek; and (5) fencing around the
site. By 1987, all of these actions had been completed.
Entire Site: In 1989, based upon the site investigations performed by the
potentially responsible parties, the EPA selected the following remedies:
(1) long-term monitoring of groundwater and Mutton Creek; (2) additional
air emission controls, including new and additional vents and, if required,
an active collection system with a ground flare or other appropriate treatment; (3)
imposing restrictions on use of on-site groundwater; (4) required upgrading of the
northern portion of the unlicensed site cover to reduce infiltration, reduce surface gas
emissions, and control erosion due to runoff from the site and erosion from Mutton
Creek; (5) continued operation of the leachate collection system; and (6) long-term
inspection and maintenance of the gas venting and leachate collection systems, site
cover, fence, and the monitoring well network. The design of the technical
specifications is under way and all clean up activities are scheduled for completion in
1992.
Site Facts: An Administrative Order on Consent was reached between the EPA, the
Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA), and the Wauconda Task Group in 1986
for additional investigations and the performance of interim cleanup measures. In
1989, an additional Unilateral Orcterwas issued.
Environmental Progress
The leachate collection efforts, surface drainage control, and fencing of the site have
greatly reduced the potential for exposure to contaminated materials at the Wauconda
Sand and Gravel site while further cleanup activities are being completed.
74
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WOODSTOCK
MUNICIPAL
LANDFILL
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980605943
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 13
McHemy County
Woodstock
The 35-acre Woodstock Municipal Landfill site was an open dump from 1935 to 1975,
when the City of Woodstock began to bury municipal waste.in on-site trenches.
Apparently, the landfill also accepted industrial wastes. Approximately 7,200 cubic
yards of nickel sludge generated by the Autolite Plant in Woodstock were disposed of
at the landfill from 1972 to 1974. The landfill stopped accepting waste in 1975. In
response to a complaint made by a local resident, the EPA conducted an inspection of
the site in 1985 and observed leachate seeping out of the soil. The site is presently
unfenced. Approximately 12,400 people obtain drinking water from public and private
wells located within 3 miles of the site. The City's six municipal wells are also located
within 3 miles of the site. The distance from the nearest well to the site is 50 feet.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 10/04/89
Threats and Contaminants
On-site groundwater, surface water, and sediments are contaminated
with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and heavy metals. Soils are
contaminated with heavy metals including cadmium, chromium, copper,
lead, arsenic, and nickel. On-site workers could be exposed to site-
related contaminants when touching or accidentally ingesting
contaminated soils, surface water, groundwater, and sediments. Since
the site is unfenced, trespassers could also be exposed to these
contaminants. Because the soil underlying the site is highly permeable,
contaminants migrate readily from the soil into the groundwater.
Freshwater wetlands surround the site and could be adversely affected
should contaminants migrate into it.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
75
continued
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WOODSTOCK MUNICIPAL LANDFILL
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a single long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup
of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: In 1989, under EPA monitoring, some of the parties
potentially responsible for site contamination began an investigation into
the nature and extent of contamination. Some of the work being
conducted under this investigation includes groundwater, soil, surface water, and air
testing and a public and environmental health assessment. Field sampling work began
in 1990, and the investigation is scheduled for completion in 1992. Alternatives for
cleanup will be recommended based on the results of this investigation.
Site Facts: The City of Woodstock, Allied Chemical Corporation, and others identified
by the EPA as parties potentially responsible for site contamination agreed to conduct
an investigation into the nature and extent of site contamination and the most effective
methods to clean up the site in 1989. These activities are in compliance with an
Administrative Order issued by the EPA in 1989.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and
determined that no immediate actions were required at the Woodstock Municipal
Landfill site while further investigations are taking place and cleanup activities are being
planned.
76
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YEOMAN
LANDFILL
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980500102
Site Description
REGION 5
CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 13
Lake County
Waukegan
Aliases:
Waukegan Land Reclamation Project
Edwards Field
National Disposal
The approximately 70-acre Yeoman Creek Landfill site operated as a landfill from 1959
to 1969. The landfill has no bottom liner, and the underlying soils are permeable. The
landfill is unfenced and unguarded. More than 67,000 people in Waukegan are supplied
with drinking water from a Lake Michigan intake 10,000 feet downstream of
contaminants found in Yeoman Creek at Yeoman Park. Approximately 1,500 people
draw drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the site. The nearest well is
1,600 feet from the site. Apartments, businesses, and wetlands surround the site.
Leachate has been observed seeping into Yeoman Creek since 1969, although the
quantity decreased substantially after the site cover was upgraded in 1980.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 03/31/89
IA
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater and leachate are contaminated with ammonia,
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and heavy metals including barium, iron,
and sodium. In addition, leachate is contaminated with various volatile
organic compounds (VOCs). Sediments of Yeoman Creek at the landfill,
and farther downstream at Yeoman Park, contain PCBs and other organic
chemicals. Potential health threats to people include touching or
accidentally ingesting contaminated groundwater, surface water, soil, or
sediments. Since the landfill is unfenced and unguarded, people could
come into direct contact with hazardous substances. The wetlands could
be threatened by the contaminants.
March 1990
NPL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
77
continued
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YEOMAN CREEK LANDFILL
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: an immediate action and a long-term
remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Action: In 1980, the City upgraded the site cover in most
areas of the site.
Entire Site: The potentially responsible parties, under EPA monitoring, are
conducting an investigation into the nature and extent of the contamination
at the site. The investigation will define the contaminants and recommend
alternatives for the final cleanup. The investigation is scheduled to be completed in
1992.
Environmental Progress
The City's improvement of the site cover greatly reduced the potential for exposure to
and migration of contaminated materials from the Yeoman Creek Landfill site while
further studies are taking place and cleanup activities are being planned.
78
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f j"'l
his glossary defines the italicized terms used in the
site fact sheets for the State of Illinois. The terms
and abbreviations contained in this glossary are often
defined in the context of hazardous waste management US
described in the site fact sheets, and apply specifically to work
performed under the Buperfund program. Thus, these terms
may have other meanings when used in a different context.
Acids: Substances, characterized by low pH (less than
7.0) that are used in chemical manufacturing. Acids in
high concentration can be very corrosive and react with
many inorganic and organic substances. These reactions
may possibly create toxic compounds or release heavy
metal contaminants that remain in the environment long
after the acid is neutralized.
Administrative Order On Consent: A legal and enforceable agreement between EPA
and the parties potentially responsible for site contamination. Under the terms of the
Order, the potentially responsible parties agree to perform or pay for site studies or
cleanups. It also describes the oversight rules, responsibilities and enforcement options
that the government may exercise in the event of non-compliance by potentially respon-
sible parties. This Order is signed by PRPs and the government; it does not require
approval by a judge.
Administrative Order [Unilateral]: A legally binding document issued by EPA direct-
ing the parties potentially responsible to perform site cleanups or studies (generally,
EPA does not issue unilateral orders for site studies).
Aquifer: An underground layer of rock, sand, or gravel capable of storing water within
cracks and pore spaces, or Between grains. When water contained within an aquifer is
of sufficient quantity and quality, it can be tapped and used for drinking or other pur-
poses. The water contained in the aquifer is called groundwater.
Backfill: To refill an excavated area with removed earth; or the material itself that is
used to refill an excavated area.
Berm: A ledge, wall, or a mound of earth used to prevent the migration of contami-
nants.
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GLOSSARY
Bioremediation: A cleanup process using naturally occurring or specially cultivated
rmcroorganisms to digest contaminants naturally and break them down into nonhaz-
ardous components.
Cap: A layer of material, such as clay or a synthetic material, used to prevent rainwater
from penetrating and spreading contaminated materials. The surface of the cap is
generally mounded or sloped so water will drain off.
Carbon Adsorption: A treatment system in which contaminants are removed from
groundwater and surface water by forcing water through tanks containing activated
carbon, a specially treated material that attracts and holds or retains contaminants.
Carbon Treatment: [see Carbon Adsorption].
Cell: In solid waste disposal, one of a series of holes in a landfill where waste is
dumped, compacted, and covered with layers of dirt.
Closure: The process by which a landfill stops accepting wastes and is shut down
under Federal guidelines that ensure the public and the environment is protected.
Consent Decree: A legal document, approved and issued by a judge, formalizing an
agreement between EPA and the parties potentially responsible for site contamination.
The decree describes cleanup actions that the potentially responsible parties are re-
quired to perform and/or the costs incurred by the government that the parties will
reimburse, as well as the roles, responsibilities, and enforcement options that the gov-
ernment may exercise in the event of non-compliance by potentially responsible parties.
If a settlement between EPA and a potentially responsible party includes cleanup ac-
tions, it must be in the form of a consent decree. A consent decree is subject to a public
comment period.
Consent Order: [see Administrative Order on Consent].
Containment: The process of enclosing or containing hazardous substances in a struc-
ture, typically in ponds and lagoons, to prevent the migration of contaminants into the
environment.
Cooperative Agreement: A contract between EPA and the states wherein a State agrees
to manage or monitor certain site cleanup responsibilities and other activities on a cost-
sharing basis.
Creosotes: Chemicals used in wood preserving operations and produced by distillation
of tar, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polynudear aromatic hydrocar-
G-2
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bons [see PAHs and PNAs]. Contaminating sediments, soils, and surface water, creo-
sotes may cause skin ulcerations and cancer with prolonged exposure.
Culvert: A pipe under a road, railroad track, path, or through an embankment used for
drainage.
Degrease: To remove grease from wastes, soils, or chemicals, usually using solvents.
Downgradienfc A downward hydrologic slope that causes ground water to move
toward lower elevations. Therefore, wells downgradient of a contaminated groundwater
source are prone to receiving pollutants.
Downslope: [see Downgradient].
Fly ash: Non-combustible residue that results from the combustion of flue gases. It can
include nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, water vapor, sulfur oxides, as well as many
other chemical pollutants.
Gasification (coal): The conversion of soft coal into gas for use as a fuel.
Impoundment: A body of water or sludge confined by a dam, dike, flopdgate, or other
barrier.
Installation Restoration Program: The specially funded program established in 1978
under which the Department of Defense has been identifying and evaluating its hazard-
ous waste sites and controlling the migration of hazardous contaminants from those
sites.
Intake: The source where a water supply is drawn from, such as from a river or water-
bed.
Interagency Agreement: A written agreement between EPA and a Federal agency that
has the lead for site cleanup activities (e.g. the Department of Defense), that sets forth
the roles and responsibilities of the agencies for performing and overseeing the activi-
ties. States are often parties to interagency agreements.
Lagoon: A shallow pond where sunlight, bacterial action, and oxygen work to purify
wastewater. Lagoons are typically used for the storage of wastewaters, sludges, liquid
wastes, or spent nuclear fuel.
Landfill: A disposal facility where waste is placed in or on land.
G-3
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GLOSSARY
Leachate [n]: The liquid that trickles through or drains from waste, carrying soluble
components from the waste. Leach, Leaching [v.tj: The process by which soluble
chemical components are dissolved and carried through soil by water or some other
percolating liquid.
Long-term Remedial Phase: Distinct, often incremental, steps that are taken to solve
site pollution problems. Depending on the complexity, site cleanup activities can be
separated into a number of these phases.
Migration: The movement of oil, gas, contaminants, water, or other liquids through
porous and permeable rock.
Mine (or Mill) Tailings: A fine, sandy residue left from ore milling operations. Tail-
ings often contain high concentrations of lead and arsenic or other heavy metals.
Notice Letter: A General Notice Letter notifies the parties potentially responsible for
site contamination of their possible liability. A Special Notice Letter begins a 60-day
formal period of negotiation during which EPA is not allowed to start work at a site or
initiate enforcement actions against potentially responsible parties, although EPA may
undertake certain investigatory and planning activities. The 60-day period may be
extended if EPA receives a good faith offer [see Good Faith Offer] within that period.
Outfall: The place where wastewater is discharged into receiving waters.
Pentachlorophenol (PCP): A synthetic, modified petrochemical that is used as a wood
preservative because of its toxicity to termites and fungi. It is a common component of
creosotes and can cause cancer.
Petrochemicals: Chemical substances produced from petroleum in refinery operations
and as fuel oil residues. These include fluoranthene, chrysene, mineral spirits, and
refined oils. Petrochemicals are the bases from which volatile organic compounds
(VOCs), plastics, and many pesticides are made. These chemical substances are often
toxic to humans and the environment.
Phenols: Organic compounds that are used in plastics manufacturing and are by-
products of petroleum refining, tanning, textile, dye, and resin manufacturing. Phenols
are highly poisonous and can make water taste and smell bad.
Plume: A body of contaminated groundwater flowing from a specific source. The
movement of the groundwater is influenced by such factors as local groundwater flow
patterns, the character of the aquifer in which groundwater is contained, and the den-
sity of contaminants.
G-4
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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons or Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs): PAHs,
such as pyrene, are a group of highly reactive organic compounds found in motor oil.
They are a common component of creosotes and can cause cancer.
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs): A group of toxic chemicals used for a variety of
purposes including electrical applications, carbonless copy paper, adhesives, hydraulic
fluids, microscope emersion oils, and caulking compounds. PCBs are also produced in
certain combustion processes. PCBs are extremely persistent in the environment be-
cause they are very stable, non-reactive, and highly heat resistant. Burning them pro-
duces even more toxins. Chronic exposure to PCBs is believed to cause liver damage. It
is also known to bioaccumulate in fatty tissues. PCB use and sale was banned in 1979
with the passage of the Toxic Substances Control Act.
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PNAs): PNAs, such as naphthalene, and biphen-
yls, are a group of highly reactive organic compounds that are a common component of
creosotes, which can be carcinogenic.
Potentially Responsible Parties (PRPs): Parties, including owners, who may have
contributed to the contamination at a Superfund site and may be liable for costs of
response actions. Parties are considered PRPs until they admit liability or a court makes
a determination of liability. This means that PRPs may sign a consent decree or admin-
istrative order on consent [see Administrative Order on Consent] to participate in site
cleanup activity without admitting liability.
Runoff: The discharge of water over land into surface water. It can carry pollutants
from the air and land into receiving waters.
Sediment: The layer of soil, sand and minerals at the bottom of surface waters, such as
streams, lakes, and rivers that absorb contaminants.
Seeps: Specific points where releases of liquid (usually leachate) form from waste
disposal areas, particularly along the lower edges of landfills.
Sludge: Semi-solid residues from industrial or water treatment processes that may be
contaminated with hazardous materials.
Slurry Wall: Barriers used to contain the flow of contaminated groundwater or subsur-
face liquids. Slurry walls are constructed by digging a trench around a contaminated
area and filling the trench with an impermeable material that prevents water from
passing through it. The groundwater or contaminated liquids trapped within the area
surrounded by the slurry wall can be extracted and treated.
G-5
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GLOSSARY
Stabilization: The process of changing an active substance into inert, harmless mate-
rial, or physical activities at a site that act to limit the further spread of contamination
without actual reduction of toxicity.
TricWoroethylene (TCE): A stable, colorless liquid with a low boiling point. TCE has
many industrial applications, including use as a solvent and as a metal degreasing
agent. TCE may be toxic to people when inhaled, ingested, or through skin contact and
can damage vital organs, especially the liver [see also Volatile Organic Compounds].
Unilateral [Administrative] Order: [see Administrative Order on Consent].
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs): VOCs are made as secondary petrochemicals.
They include light alcohols, acetone, trichloroeihylene, perchloroethylene, dichloroeth-
ylene, benzene, vinyl chloride, toluene, and methylene chloride. These potentially toxic
chemicals are used as solvents, degreasers, paints, thinners, and fuels. Because of their
volatile nature, they readily evaporate into the air, increasing the potential exposure to
humans. Due to their low water solubility, environmental persistence, and widespread
industrial use, they are commonly found in soil and groundwater.
Wetland: An area that is regularly saturated by surface or groundwater and, under
normal circumstances, capable of supporting vegetation typically adapted for life in
saturated soil conditions. Wetlands are critical to sustaining many species of fish and
wildlife. Wetlands generally include swamps, marshes, and bogs. Wetlands may be
either coastal or inland. Coastal wetlands have salt or brackish (a mixture of salt and
fresh) water, and most have tides, while inland wetlands are non-tidal and freshwater.
Coastal wetlands are an integral component of estuaries.
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