State*
Agency
So
9345 0 10!
.fU! 050
Off'tvs of Emorgrtu.-y and Renbxliai Response
| Hazardous Site Evaluation Division (6?04G)
I , . ___ , ___... __ ,
Volume r Ni;niber 4
risk assessments .u Supt-rtund -tiv,-. estimate
ihc aiKrt-w ff'eus! of Cficn'ioit! ootUamuian(-< oa (he plant and
animal I:k- inlwhsiing the ana avwents-d with the site, 'Ihi.s
pr*.i;Tsh Jcpends on the cnlk-chon »,'f drtt,! I'snm thr inipacicd
if flit Su|>ei"f«ifid sit»*; howewr, ''ir^t •."'.iki ,iUine often
t show whether adverse ccologic:d cfUcts have cxrcuned
or mig'ii twcsif as (< rc.suii of sue contamma'iom. To evaluate
actu.il »r.ipacs> or Sikely c« otugicai ti^ks n»oif crmpit icly, MU1
data normally arc cofiiparcd to reasonable rxpu (ations fur the
sire. Such i.vxjx"ei3tions cuminoniy ate icfeired to as reference
iafwrinstMiii. liiis, Bulictiti reviews apptoathos for tk lining
and osing refeienrc informati.'m
is
Refeicnrc informal^m, as used in this Buiiciin, is data of
a comparative nature needed In investigators' to e\ aluate the
em ironmental condition ot' a SupcrfunJ site Simply put, refer-
ence data art" baseline values or characteristics. Il the results of
site investigations suggest that environmental (phy»ical,chvtm
cal, or biofogirai) conditions art degraded iis compatis>on to
thoisc defined by reference data, advetse impacts !o the site's
tcological resources arc; indicated.
Reference infoimation generally falls intc. one or more of
!ht following categories:
* Relevant Existing Dtibt. Pala sjxx.iMc to the siic-asS4K"i-
..itcd area collected hcfoi e confamniafiofl tx-corred, or data
fiom elsewhere that can be applied to wte conditions,
* Aj^Mv, indices and suriilar matheiwrfical simulations of
relationships amo
Rt*lf "'--v;
Sup-.rlunil s:to tin.Si of these c.ttfj^inoi !ws ccrian
t'its and appirpuaip ustv, C'dmmonly, invcMiijjators o^e
more flun one scarce of ittcrcrtcc' tntotmatton in completiiip
Supei'fund ecofogical d^k asscssmcnN Ki)u*ie\lgc ot I"\,AI
comiition.s r.i tmdni£ 4 ret'eicncc siu> ihyi
' ft>e ttun 'tr>\t.'>tip[ A'tii^f)»p|; .inu/or iinplrniciitiiig mv pan i>t ?» cat
toj'.icji risk a.. trom Ok- |,\ivc?nn«;'s.t,^oi!ir,ic-
ut nun.'tgis (icnit'tta) j'fMfrct
manage! Ot ^r-^rt'iw cofutiiutor), however, istain.s Mittiriau; «-es;ta«>si
lulitv t'i! Uic >jt»:rfi/nj-, V
Sogicai rihk. a.sscs>inc!
ittal Evt,hna,»tt ,
uiiJ sites T1hestButktiitsv>cv<'.i!iM()^
l (fc'PA/WO i SQ,OiHt. TJiv !p!iv!fn,'*itct;5 fiescnH'd
titovitk
-------
fviuls K>>ioduv.i'!> prwoiitjumnatinn MUus Mnrph H no; pos-
sible ••ofti? approximaiuw, »>iiiuatwn. p!0|L\uon, sir pic dictum
will be ncix-\vj-v [ii almost a IkwsutJti toe appivinri iii. K'tcu-tiv.e
cind'liotiL.. ,-\'H', !hc kuV niu cxic'i* \it it >i tenet.1 '"ni'osituii'U! cap
vaty cousiilei.ihiy A;pern.'i!tg on the rharacteu-uc;. ;>>' the &.Uo. us
c\nl,.imin:j!itt> and potentially * xpo\rj resoiitos, and the
ic;w<1t,ifior, oensicns that must bt. made, for ihe«,c ieav>ns, she
nv!n»).*cts a«i c.Ai'ouiHj.'t'J to f-insult \vi'tt ilic icnumai HI *\G ' to
hrh iJir.tily »•• re.enct tnionriahon niviK an-'. appl) rdVicu. e
i his caicgoiy totVis to vla'a 1 1' a can be found sn jy»\,.>imn.'tt
repeits. iihi<(f\ archlvus, scientific pciii'.ltcah., etc.. assd can he
app'k d ti> siu consJiti'Mis, til ai!»€-< w-nds, tiu'o-.ti>;.ir, exuMMvc HttKimu se,»>ch--a
ii.i'-ic step in « infimniuuin on iii^
n ic.'s and t"-\,en! ut ccologR.tl (t*'>utci'j ir tlu pi-iiciai n.Mof th«
.Niipcr^iuti si'p, aid on the onii>litKin <•;" tiio- >, i "soui.-fs ih'in j,!'
ihiio IXita ti;*se> nuisitaincd In •.'.uo utui Ldcral nalt.iai ix^ouice
.•gv'nci^h^ifciuont.ur. inionr.ati mun ilu ill .triniiii<»7i. ibunci mcc,
d,!^ ccinlitnin til n.ilur.c r.P>u,ncs. The U.5> Fi'.h <.nd Uik'iik1
S^ r\ KX (I'St'WSK tui i\,s;iip5f,, njstetiJuet' d:si> .ininul t'lociinm
hiiiHuivi\ t.ti iltv.ifk1^ other cvanipi^s in''lailr ri'A'sSTtM^l r
liiia !w.c it>i *afci qiuiitx oinJ'lii>!is (lie Ai;» ho '> IMOS Jau
^j>( nnav)U,it'« hioSa .-inifthct1 °.. liu '-igi\\il Stn\ cv\W'\ FS't i~)R
d;!i • {\t.\c un stitain flow
Pnv.ilc COIIM rvalinioigani/iusnns ti'%.o v an ho u^nu! ^'>uu'c5
c>> cviiint' ihita, j.v»t«cn!h'!v ti'ii^uri'iig the t)pc.s. c\'ci|V, ;i-iul\ ,jiu! ilic Nation;.!
\\udlifi." FcvUtatUMi. Such gioups r.tan employ pti>i^sf.iom!U
tiaint. J hlutl and in\ ludc s< ici>iist>- n ho v on pu,'vn!c useful t>s abcist the tecini1
vHii!i^iiirie>d;i!,'i;ni;av,!i;;ihlcll) ti wciccollcvki.K'rcsm print
tdv'ont itHMiiti(.'ii J*ns,Mixlc soiiiccs iiK'tudv rej-iiK'toiy documents,
.-nth an I fivironiTH nidi !»i|\u t Si".ictnon'v-oi NTDT'S pcinii! 'ilc.s.
i«r (."'^ ooud caiitct) flu tilob of ftilvia' ana jtatt rutmal :t --oturc
•ipciicie-. 5 \illet',e and Uir,n,'!>ii\ scjoucc ile|vr!nicii(,s(%1tc!i inain-
uin.uclm csiJtaitTiijjhi include 'ntornuiMtiUin thopu'>-d.>tiiil\!ii>.c
(.iMuhiii'iis of I he i-ili'-a%-.>p is in rrik'r. iu"AC\ cr, bccuu* v Iv-^iojual site
ti.in, k'tt ai«. nil,iNe rfisJ, uhcii !l«c\ cut available, tiicv
,a nc:a!l\ lack she leva >f rtri-uS neci-ss.irv to ITK\! the net ds or a
Supi-ilbiid jcciujiicdl investHia!:!"!. Fiivifur>iT>uittil Impaci Stak
iiiontA. iV'i c.Sitnipk1. oi'tfn iis.1 *,\er\ pnhsihl-, sp-xic^ (ha1 tnighi
hiiM- inliahiicd 11 pa^^il inn-itgh tht,1 uie.. This t.iti inclu-te
and a re nov t'to disMnt so tp.h»»l«f Hie .<:ili- ap'tunT u, He .''loctodb,'
jwr-ts'iUsitcConUuHins; .••t, ;jrti!ict;n>'"v spccicsdiiii jic iv.m, local I v
HI HL'ional'y ! *kiinci. '\Isv>, if enoiifh owe has paxs< vl. hist -timi
Tita HU> hi-coine irrek-va>n because 1 fid usi. in the ato.'i hi^
haucci' smmitv,ani'y .sinn.1 the d.'tu ^'d, c^lifctod such thai
'f oiftVrent soc,ris"5 air st(|ifH,
Jiiif? u pi in (hex hnf aou-i mm of ihr Nupritand sue, ipo:np iu-oiivi ith ,i Mipi i tiiiui
Mlc, to M h'vi scKti iv r KH ,>t!ons.oi ,»sa tool ioci»)(ipi4!e uh iani e
add 'MI,*S Hut'd site voiiJitiurai.
Bt Sou1 using a m »d< ', howo\ »•(. if Is H(,post.oil «<• ii'id<;i»i ru:
flat H' *t dl uiitdels a*r app'iipi sate 01 pf.H In a' los all n»vs PI Mk
rcrvoiiiK'l. Input vl spec-nc oial
ii.s.ny a j.t.rln u'at ibink't -'vHJ'd K-UUMC vol't'ciion ti|jic.ju.r«; data iii u ca!ii
'">c «.iiHtc.',il as ilit >Hi' mir'c't uivpsiit;3(u.) t|ii.ili("."d peisount 1 iiia\ bt
^ concrrn Huause sptniic Iramnp olu-n is ntcurd M tc-i'U- thai
approp.Ijic uipiii Jala art' colk\ ted. hold !D ran llu nioiivt and ;.•
iti'C.'fH't ,tuCi apclv the ii'sulls
"i fifit i xanipks <>t m iilu'maitL.d itiudi !•« run-, n;i\ m use ,ii(.
(he lnnt'\ i^f !'«'!" Inicgnh , f lahiiai L « a.itatiop Vr-'n > duies, a'ir:
the (™tt\'gr-spb'c \oiiatic aini Wildh!^ Sut vcy '1 htv- 31. u-.-^k u<^.\ c
ill the pjafafaph^ hi low. ll S'U"iP! ("I ie»drl* U' t,c«^;-i/^
did! these ;nf o'li'v e% aiupK's. nt:uiv otiui n>>"il> Is \ \is) nod i*:t
appiicahihij, tit anv ;Tiodti *o jn K>s
caul.>', ctiindnafi in !i\ ijiiaiiftod prolcsMort;tK
'Hie lotk-v t>f P-)»''ic li»t(';,»t,iv ttMh is ,it ,."pi..};:iu t.i fi-.;
ciinimiiints iiii.isute- ilut di.Mi'i^MshvS iii-,)uilH\i i'l-ni tnich^-
Itr.btd •'nii.kvt.s'on MI n\^ S'ujtus ate scuied '.vit'i u ,xpi\ i V
10^cl\c metric1-tia.su! op thet' "iniiiarUx in rii"iiinil!:1.IIv i pdi;-!ujK^
t,t.hnrvs is seined >wat^j to (lie nitxiinoni >pi>.to-! rivhi cs\ ,r
strains ol tho N .)i"' >'tdci in tlu rep,t\ titcd M> ;>ni "' SK
iriict:ii!\( v'LiSM ,s(i,-\c< llei'i. j.'1'iid. t.u \. SISKH iisongtoal do\ci.~.p
MRnt. «>'Jier . hive .id.ipted IB? m a vaiiu\ o( uivicif
asid notthern *."',5lriv>rnt < aii'' ^tiiancs ui! i u^i.iiia and i^i i'tc^a
i in Supetfund ecu!* gn'al a-,--! ^snuai^ >m( xlicaioi.s carM«:«
IBI «c.«H'.S to «,\a'ni t»). Ilvivvr * ei', it If irrpoitaii* U
en Iisi UK «'id ot She (H \t i \v!u ndK\-s siul
;i« MM. !'»r instance, in »li>viisaiT the piu^K IM- a,ssoi.i.ti!.d -vi''
which » m 'a.id |i ii,Je\ antbi^uuv (i k, . you Crinnof t. i! v* in ~n;
lilt •, L'iODp*' ,'.,' MMtlvilini" l\"I'O\.-n I»Y Jl'ifl 'II ll,l);XS,(lt'f idij"!
OH [In. H";iii»i kvniit'• shuii'd s hLck for 'he naaie •" th> R FAG I'oonh.iiiui p diir ujv11'1 F '
dei>"ri|nioi) ot SI -\u .-.triii tutf *i'ii "ipvii'iu. eau"-. JK- titRVK'u !i> 1 h-
Rok ol HI AC-^ ,n Ico'i^-cd, A^sc--iiiti-(" i/vt'* I'*.'.-".-,v V o! I,No I!
' Kjri J H , l"a'isc» k H , Ait£' mi ,i r, P,i, Vans, V K :.iu i 1
'' Smcr.'i M'., II ","-H Lc'iioi t-11 Ki--!,'\^^\iiH«n 1 s «,,• p.il n1,1!
i . rs, CI'1-iM.i, M)
-------
!
Hah;u- Fva'i'j;ii>n PuicfJiits (I'rV) iv>\ sde a it,t'tnf-i< if ,
«\ti'\ >UvcU>iM,i Fi! I* to anah '% *ho li.i'iit i! impact^ ot pi-iunoJ
laiJ .in,' \,';*(f r v'C"ot""»)t'Vit»v projfc.s, H.,-.\c\ii, IH '.' ;iki' v. >H
u.'.rd i<< (Mi r:iiiito tK- ,«nir-ii'if rt i.abii 11 th.in.'r -I MI'JOH: hv'iv
.vnfin.s ii,o awn-no J iMscMiH. ei'ri.ku'•• >o iouvt a'u'l >•< mo ir,' \ ! if".f\' I '!-!' .opt :• om'oulh
I hi quaKlv and qi'etm'iv nf htiHui fo> >V' v n v.,!tiliU' in.iU <(!•»;
p;L,i(iv)i< nul i-.^'ji'i1.- n c-J \v M!C>:"> -na;, ji-jp
f'fr,',' \ i" ill 'l.lt JplMOiKll ".S U ri'ift !C,1 t-i itil\<:l ^s.Uu'tn;^ im\!l»C!!
• it, js(ii .olt iinf j'RHJi, inl'Sj. ti.iHii.ii ^t'-t,H,'«. ,t,i' >t ij-t(i.san> \ \'i-
ohl^s ('in ,fn'« rtu IK» ,v»si.?.j!i'X-> in it >vi|il|,fi p«i|Hjl.u .ii\ '.\iil
i'M-1 ji ihv1 ii/v^K pi, i!,(-kd b\ I'.^oiU,. ^pjiv-iC^. ,\iv>. l''C <<\ tii.ij
»ii>-:\ 'i-.tpphditik'ui''^ rot iht- « .\i'iit",pc> tcl\^\',iiu.-ti \' iiiM .H'«-rs
in1'. r>i'\i^>uih ri'i»K itj i>fh,.r ^il-'tifc svtxic-- at->nci'i(- il \\u(>
t'llur tv .ivy^i.-'ii c«>'i'ipotionH, h\r>i it Itnliu^i is ofinioi n>H!iili'
pi jiiil;Jt"iii-> inn\ :iof ems, Ncvsuhok.ss., u^fMii f!t'lfc^n ni-i> •:
-cii I'tifti n'lv v»)inc), ^iij)i(a!>\r s Jiernc11*1- aliiiui ini'^n'mt V m h-
iu'i ot .R'^C'^C fni}\;'.i'i -li'iou
IfJLlX- 'ti Mu (Ji.n!i.u c v\-.(oi'! l\ii 'I.
pax-o.liU i" 'ih< v'iU'1 \ r.rriC'M' f"S .l
('<>o 'li«ii<-- 'ii 1 1 'i. l"-' >'. i! e ,i\ 5 ,a|i ''it\ fit ,
r..xl:t,sli;v hi isp vieii 1,1 the Mif JIL
*h:ip I'HJV ii-)^. it 'jit o, "v i ii flu ^ unl.'itsv
Characterssjfics to
.t <'<'au!fior<.ih n tli
i"i ' ni:-'i>t • ,r«. »>tK
i,;'->oj 10 \ >I,,,I(IM'
din't'S(i|.f J In (hi LLxIXA r ice in ;rl cnKiiv r-nd nicrnKM
su!'j> Kk^l Fluw inu Rock) Mii-i-itam •,!rcTH'". in l\i,l*'li.\i hv a
'ish.'ucs Nvii!;.TtM "^ i)-> ii li MI i\J u^ CM" i'u wtnlr aoU »> kn--^ !-
tutucabH' «f«nn the tcoiogj of ,h.- n t:««i ^ \\ liu 1, is is H- he tj".oi
At tilt' f iXiii C«trk, < \il'^iJ(l», Saps ill rii! bi'C, in\g>liL,,tu"li'«
UH i" uit(.t'|jn .is iii v*. hi ilu r tkciea1-! tl tiout ni.pulniu'n1 \\crt
jstii^ttidhk' t j mcu'l'i d'MO'tv, i'uhuai (k-^uucnot), MI l>otJ , ID ,dc(o'mincn IK i hot nH»Mc,' the pKs-ic;tl tlwsac-
iCfislKtsO' < "!> iirCltCk b>SM(i dL',n>)Sf id'.Ti1 < I C , (("O'CHOt.} oMKil-
{•oris f>i) ittiui. '(ho >">/\\N'S it'Xfs'igau^ti diriiiir;(uuru that fie
ru,T\'ng c,(paci'\ oi ihe j>ii_,vic.il Xi^iUi <•>!' CK.'i Otik o. lu'J
Stiff"'! !'iu:eino!r,,T N.iiidpui5,i-«cr;.ot f->h tlinn VK re finit.J in firM
v >' OS v tht icfiiir itH(.stii;at"rs OiMicii.drd th.i? n i >ck ni fh \SK\I I
IkiKtrti u'td ni s i,.iiist" ihc oh'.uvru" dccn >&>, »!1 i K"JI i iccl: fK'i
1 On, U X, "'"V ; in i..in in i«';>l ;tii'n>-^— flifoi\ an.. f'u:''.:\ '
* an -\t vii SCM nc< I'uKiMitrs. t'ir Aihos, M!
1 U \ ( sh inci \Vi(.M'.> !-«--A,r "IK,1 r^H-BTu!l.n J ini .ri^.i
t,".» Ti. K'umi f,f <.JK'I'>\ Oil ;i^ .,f f Ijl n.U F\ tin iti -11 t-V>u-.! in s ri .
r-l'Mj'l'l'l'V il'H S M '.i,'1^ !,.! i ?){'"") ^ A,t (''(Mil ' 1 tVj'I.lt'l [l.'-lll'."
U i -in.r H> i .v r, (;, I li. a'. o "i ''tWr. T') S'
"io,KtiVi s , \ \> \< •• x ,tv'M. --.,, '' u ;o,\ „. ,i _" ,ij,i
'••^•.." fio!'•. i«nn ' !'a./i ^« . (I jr.i's ,""i. \. i.^'i^ ' V\i> 'i!. ;!.'if
' 'i".i ;*..,." i IP i, 'i.41, -i" , M v,' '• '• . .'M ^ii; . ,• ^ • i n > . .
*' ' Jjf-" 'u,<-i r " ^K " <• -s ; v it . . "v i - rix '. ' '' '^ " • u' \
I)i>l'"!p ?.\;Hc !' hn^L'u ids ,il nU 'Ot'Ci l s|, c! ?i, >*ic, cii'1-'!1^ it, <.nO
b xil1 ;' i .,1 a^< o,- is i.' t!L' Si pv , ! i in! .it, N i.ui U CUVIMIIJIH i1' o
tf-ii -.ctj-i ..;i'. N.ai ' A 'iv'-v, *-' <-^ »iiohj: ''to v.in;. n- u.s . i 'irl-i
>(>;N, ! hi '\ 'i'H\ III, ' t ' i ini> w l|, !M|\ -i < i; ' 'nv'l Ji ti'- s "t
'.iciui itiiv fci'M^n u, .c H s, v. !•'(., i M'I ,n.J Uu i'i(:-,,v !, il ,!Kd
! !>,- t)illf>« 1,11; p.ti.'^fAj)'1-, f>U >di: *>'"(}> •,'! t!M' ,!~ 1 1 It ti'!«>i|i -.
'"ue 'Hi^iK • ci«i'«: k,i ./.nti;,^ tiu ck'-S',»n .. ' TV trmnc Hit .us T-,
Physic r-il Cli.iracferi'siics
h,,i('> \ri"iU' ih-o mi",\ > sri irl. s j"C«tistilii v, hc'i oh n,,v
It! ","i> <*i|tl.itlt. ',, i i'tii ,'iC I'lC kUfi'.nr i'o\\ U'liS iltlv! |\tllt(i<*-
pt, )h tl S^hnl >i'.\>.l>H'cU I'XVC-t I' i (1,1s *, iHI (lU.il^ .(Id' ,i\'n l-l'li^, .U li"
ity, hi" IIIV'JN "Ik.ii'i'i'v, ;.iij I'littiont «*. 'ni.i'itii^i'ufiN !'i motui; -i;i-
iii^KK",(tioti due i i '"%
>fiu;:g t-iMoladi-r. So TP^VI uuis1, oti!i>a!'\ tr.il K'Km'.l OD\U"I
iioiii.»! oh it;n < nMi.> for c-u, uric », <,ih"it> i'i'i«,ii",U' ,i'ii1 tu1 1!
C\>.U^ t.'C i'THVittilt i .^iM(it'>,ii;Oris.
<'l"sf,id>il -;fca- >»lit ,1 «-«"Vij is u,v!u! ;o>',.ropc> n«, >."•),.%
hi O..UM ;ln;\ ul( [Kill "1 thi si.oi. jiji; klh iVMfin -iiul '-(I* >! '*• i
j'S* , VR .1, t "• 'lnv",t.;i* ariu .ii-.U'iti >" k',;i. \ sine La u> i'i i "-
f.ii ;hr >., p, t'viii ->'is 1 ! i'. )^ no-, ..•'•P ci^alK ituo rst-uivn 'iVi
-------
Some Characteristics to Consider When Selecting Reference Locations.
\Vp-, * iHiK «. In ''.i>s,'{s, vv
IUVC1.
pt'["C« l
or Seve
NV Ui'V U( (Mi,0 S'!" 'M.ifv'e, man tli,>'< v"'* mil" i r, 'n!i
i I RM X >i^> sek-. K\i !<"•> «M;!. i inu; «> >tfa:»! d ict,\
•r,-)! n.1 (.'•'US i OU> siM.l l.il'b h, 'IT.'", iitvr, i|'\' I'tJifo.
,\sp> +itf c'viii'.dl iju' "K'.'
I, 'u! !iv>- ninN t\\,i ,' as .1 n UK ir>, .^sk l»i -,»i!- n \\.i'>-;
|> ViT, v(.!,Wpn,-t d "f (t S.iM't. soil I p< . - l!jat 1 •> '.''I 1
KM A
t fu* !'op,'>C V\ oi>'' ' liJ'/rjj' ' ift ,'14! ''Jf Uf!i''l i* «H'>, IS
,-%ni,,*I in wiijtpiit • 7vip !.•> )', MA, • 'nij-.TM,':^ V) ic'ishi>i
vUtn*1, !"U'iu i> ! oni.t 'Is A f< i w>. I!o'.^\t.. ':ke
k^l \, I1' pili atii . f> si \ lj j! ,'iKviciit ';ah'*.ii n ,«,s LI
itTu'd ls\ stto C"liLi'\i f<"e> l>|'^l>''am v/heit- «>K "
li'uc'.l sodimmt iHKl nak-i x-mpl' fo. '. \'vt(\ K^
or •_;<«( h
Mllfi'.J ft'i -vanif si'iu'ijn" ",.-i-lil t -ast \">l il.a'-.i - ', Ji,/ ,s
i <•>'',,, n K, , ,., . ,, ,i i
! ,,,Hl , li,t:.i'k. |iH«JiiL» > .i-UiJUi, «"i! Ntv. fUi, Io«--> ^' iit.sKir i, -
I ^ ,., >,,,F1)T ,u , ,r,ivi,K(.H ,l.,r-»in')- '!- '~'^i
, 'nui-w.iu'. onic n!, >iii!( i't nsi'.li1 >< «S I, \*!l i ,• ,'rs''i'!•.;,'!'• ," j'-'f
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