vvEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA/540/M5/89/001
March 1989
SUPERFUND INNOVATIVE
TECHNOLOGY EVALUATION
Demonstration Bulletin
Solidification/Stabilization Process
Hazcon, Inc.
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION: The
solidification/stabilization technology mixes hazardous
wastes, cement, water and an additive called
Chloranan. Chloranan, a nontoxic chemical,
encapsulates organic molecules, rendering them
ineffective in retarding or inhibiting solidification. This
treatment technology immobilizes the contaminants
from soils by binding them into a concrete-like,
leach-resistant mass.
After contaminated soil is excavated and screened
out for oversized material, it is fed to a mobile field
blending unit to treat the wastes (Figure 1). The unit
Figure 1. Solidification/stabilization process diagram.
consists of soil and cement holding bins, a Chloranan
feed tank and a blending auger to mix the waste and
pozzolanic materials (portland cement, fly ash or kiln
dust). Then water is added as necessary, and the
resultant slurry is allowed to harden before disposal.
The treated output is the contaminants bound by
encapsulation into a hardened, concrete-like mass.
For the treatment of large volumes of waste, larger
blending systems are also available.
WASTE APPLICABILITY: This technology is
intended for soils and sludges contaminated by
organic compounds, heavy metals, oil and grease.
DEMONSTRATION RESULTS: This solidification
technique developed by HAZCON, Inc. was
demonstrated at a former oil reprocessing plant in
Douglassville, Pennsylvania. Soils in the area were
contaminated with oil and grease, volatile and semi-
volatile organics, PCBs, and heavy metals. Results
from physical testing of the solidified wastes were
very good with unconfined compressive strengths
ranging from 220 to 1570 psi. Durability test results
were also good showing no physical strength changes
after 12 wet/dry and freeze/thaw cycles. Permeability
in the treated waste was low while the porosity was
moderate. TCLP Leaching tests, however, indicated
that only lead was immobilized by the process. When
samples containing semi-volatile organics and oil
and grease were ground up and subjected to the
TCLP procedure, they leached from the treated soil
blocks in nearly the same concentrations as from the
untreated soil. A portion of the results are shown on
Tables 1 and 2.
• The demonstration was held from October 12 to
October 16, 1987.
• The process successfully:
immobilized lead
solidified high-organic (25%
containing oil and grease
waste
Volatile organics were primarily released to the
air during mixing with the stabilizer.
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United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA/540/M5/89/001
March 1989
SUPERFUND INNOVATIVE
TECHNOLOGY EVALUATION
Demonstration Bulletin
Solidification/Stabilization Process
Hazcon, Inc.
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION: The
solidification/stabilization technology mixes hazardous
wastes, cement, water and an additive called
Chloranan. Chloranan, a nontoxic chemical,
encapsulates organic molecules, rendering them
ineffective in retarding or inhibiting solidification. This
treatment technology immobilizes the contaminants
from soils by binding them into a concrete-like,
leach-resistant mass.
After contaminated soil is excavated and screened
out for oversized material, it is fed to a mobile field
blending unit to treat the wastes (Figure 1). The unit
Figure 1. Solidification/stabilization process diagram.
consists of soil and cement holding bins, a Chloranan
feed tank and a blending auger to mix the waste and
pozzolanic materials (portland cement, fly ash or kiln
dust). Then water is added as necessary, and the
resultant slurry is allowed to harden before disposal.
The treated output is the contaminants bound by
encapsulation into a hardened, concrete-like mass.
For the treatment of large volumes of waste, larger
blending systems are also available.
WASTE APPLICABILITY: This technology is
intended for soils and sludges contaminated by
organic compounds, heavy metals, oil and grease.
DEMONSTRATION RESULTS: This solidification
technique developed by HAZCON, Inc. was
demonstrated at a former oil reprocessing plant in
Douglassville, Pennsylvania. Soils in the area were
contaminated with oil and grease, volatile and semi-
volatile organics, PCBs, and heavy metals. Results
from physical testing of the solidified wastes were
very good with unconfined compressive strengths
ranging from 220 to 1570 psi. Durability test results
were also good showing no physical strength changes
after 12 wet/dry and freeze/thaw cycles. Permeability
in the treated waste was low while the porosity was
moderate. TCLP Leaching tests, however, indicated
that only lead was immobilized by the process. When
samples containing semi-volatile organics and oil
and grease were ground up and subjected to the
TCLP procedure, they leached from the treated soil
blocks in nearly the same concentrations as from the
untreated soil. A portion of the results are shown on
Tables 1 and 2.
• The demonstration was held from October 12 to
October 16, 1987.
• The process successfully:
immobilized lead
solidified high-organic (25%) waste
containing oil and grease
• Volatile organics were primarily released to the
air during mixing with the stabilizer.
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