United States
     Environmental Protection
     Agency
     Superfund Innovative
     Technology Evaluation
     Program

     Technology Profiles
     Eleventh Edition

     Volume 2
     Emerging Technology
     Program
 SUPERFUND INNOVATIVE
TECHNOLOGY EVALUATION
                            y/xx

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                                     EPA/540/R-03/501A
                                       September 2003
      Superfund  Innovative
     Technology Evaluation
              Program


       Technology Profiles
         Eleventh Edition

             Volume  2
Emerging Technology Program
       National Risk Management Research Laboratory
          Office of Research and Development
          U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
             Cincinnati, Ohio 45268
                                    Recycled/Recyclable
                                    Printed with vegetable-based ink on
                                    paper that contains a minimum o(
                                    50% post-consumer fiber content
                                    processed chlorine free.

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                                    NOTICE

The development of this document was funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
underContractNo. 68-W-01-032, Task Order 14, toComputerSciencesCorporation. The document
was subjected to the Agency * s administrative and peer review and was approved for publication as an
EPA document. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or
recommendation for use at any particular hazardous waste site.
                                         n

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                                    FOREWORD

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is charged by Congress with protecting the Nation's
land, air, and water resources. Under a mandate of national environmental laws, the Agency strives
to formulate and implement actions leading to a compatible balance between human activities and
the ability of natural systems to support and nurture life. To meet this mandate, EPA's research
program is providing data and technical support for solving environmental problems today and
building a science knowledge base necessary to manage our ecological resources wisely, understand
how pollutants affect our health, and prevent or reduce environmental risks in the future.

The National Risk Management Research Laboratory is the Agency's center for investigation of
technological and management approaches for preventing and reducing risks from pollution that
threatens human health and the environment. The focus of the Laboratory's research program is on
methods and their cost-effectiveness for prevention and control of pollution to air, land, water, and
subsurface  resources;  protection  of water  quality in public  water  systems; remediation  of
contaminated sites, sediments and ground water; prevention and control of indoor air pollution; and
restoration of ecosystems, NRMRL, collaborates with both public and private sector partners to
foster technologies that reduce the cost of compliance and to anticipate emerging problems.
NRMRL's research provides solutions to environmental problems by developing and promoting
technologies that protect and improve the environment; advancing scientific and engineering
information to support regulatory and policy decisions, and providing the technical support and
information transfer to ensure implementation of environmental regulations and strategies at the
national, state,  and community levels.

This publication has been produced as part of the Laboratory's strategic long-term research plan.
It is published and made available by the EPA's Office of Research and Development to assist the
user community and to link researchers with their clients.


     Hugh W. McKinnon, Director
     National  Risk Management Research Laboratory
                                          in

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                                    ABSTRACT

The Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE) Program, now in its sixteenth year is an
integral part of EPA's research into alternative cleanup methods for hazardous waste sites around
the nation. The SITE Program was created to encourage the development and routine use of
innovative treatment and monitoring and measurement technologies. Under the program, EPA
enters into cooperative agreements with technology developers.  These developers research and
refine their innovative  technologies at bench- or pilot-scale and  then, with EPA's support,
demonstrate them at hazardous waste sites. As a result, the SITE Program provides environmental
decision-makers with data on new, viable treatment technologies that may have performance or cost
advantages compared to traditional treatment technologies.

This document is intended as a reference guide for those interested hi technologies participating in
the SITE Demonstration, Emerging Technology, and Measurement and Monitoring Programs. The
two-page profiles are organized into two sections for each program, completed and ongoing projects,
and are presented in alphabetical order by developer name.  Reference tables for SITE Program
participants precede the sections and contain EPA and developer contacts. Inquiries about a SITE
technology evaluation or the SITE Program should be directed to the specific EPA project manager;
inquiries on the technology process should be directed to the specific technology developer.

Each technology profile contains (1) a technology developer and  process name, (2) a technology
description, including a schematic diagram or photograph of the process, (3) a discussion of waste
applicability, (4) a project status report, and (5) EPA project manager and technology developer
contacts. The profiles also include summaries of demonstration results, if available. The technology
description and waste applicability sections are written by the developer. EPA prepares the status
and demonstration results sections.

A Trade Name Index and Applicability Index are also included in  the back of this document. The
Applicability Index is organized by 11 media categories, 19 waste-categories, and 14 technology
categories.
                                          IV

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                       TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                                                       Page

NOTICE	  ii
FOREWORD	iii
ABSTRACT	iv
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS	x

SITE PROGRAM DESCRIPTION	1
SITE PROGRAM CONTACTS  	6

Completed Emerging Technology Program Projects
   ACTIVE ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC	8
   (formerly EET, Inc.)
      (TechXtract® Decontamination Process)	8
   ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY/ZENTOX CORPORATION	10
   (Photocatalytic Oxidation with Air Stripping)	10
   ART INTERNATIONAL, INC	12
   (formerly ENVIRO-SCIENCES, INC.)
      (Low-Energy Extraction Process)  	12
   ATOMIC ENERGY OF CANADA, LIMITED 	14
   (Chemical Treatment and Ultrafiltration) 	14
   ATOMIC ENERGY OF CANADA LIMITED	16
   (Ultrasonic-Aided Leachate Treatment)	16
   BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE	18
   (In Situ Electroacoustic Soil Decontamination)  	18
   BIOTROL® 	20
   (Methanotrophic Bioreactor System)	20
   BWX TECHNOLOGIES, INC	22
   (an affiliate of BABCOCK & WILCOX CO.)
      (Cyclone Furnace)	22
   COGNIS, INC	;	24
   (Biological/Chemical Treatment) 	24
   COGNIS, INC	26
   (TERRAMET® Soil Remediation System)	26
   COLORADO DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC
      HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT	28
   (Constructed Wetlands-Based Treatment)	28
   (formerly Center for Hazardous Materials Research)
      (Acid Extraction Treatment System)	30
   CONCURRENT TECHNOLOGIES	32
   (formerly Center for Hazardous Materials Research)
      (Organics Destruction and Metals Stabilization)	32
   CONCURRENT TECHNOLOGIES	34
   (formerly Center for Hazardous Materials Research)
      (Smelting Lead-Containing Waste)	34
   EBERLINE SERVICES, INC	36
   (formerly Thermo Nutech, Inc./TMA Thermo Analytical, Inc.)
      (Segmented Gate System)  	36
   ELECTR9KINETICS, INC	38
   (In Situ Bioremediation by Electrokinetic Injection)	38

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               TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

                                                                      Page

Completed Emerging Technology Program Projects (Continued)
   ELECTROKINETICS, INC	40
   (Electrokinetic Soil Processing)	40
   ENERGIA, INC	42
   (Reductive Photo-Dechlorination Treatment)	42
   ENERGIA, INC	44
   (Reductive Thermal and Photo-Thermal Oxidation Processes
      for Enhanced Conversion of Chlorocarbons)	44
   ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL
      RESEARCH CORPORATION	46
   (Reactor Filter System)	46
   ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL
      RESEARCH CORPORATION	48
   (Hybrid Fluidized Bed System)	48
   ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGIES, INC	50
   (Microbial Composting Process)	50
   FERRO CORPORATION	52
   (Waste Vitrification Through Electric Melting) 	52
   GAS TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE	54
   (Chemical and Biological Treatment)	54
   GAS TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE	56
   (Fluid Extraction-Biological Degradation Process)	56
   GAS TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE	58
   (Fluidized-Bed/Cyclonic Agglomerating Combustor) 	58
   GAS TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE 	60
   (Supercritical Extraction/Liquid Phase Oxidation) 	60
   GENERAL ATOMICS,
      NUCLEAR REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES DIVISION	62
   (Acoustic Barrier Particulate Separator)  	62
   GEO-MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC	64
   (Metals Release and Removal from Wastes)	64
   HARDING ESE, A MACTEC COMPANY	66
   (formerly ABB Environmental Services, Inc.)
      (Two-Zone, Plume Interception, In Situ Treatment Strategy)	66
   HIGH VOLTAGE ENVIRONMENTAL
      APPLICATIONS, INC	68
   (High-Energy Electron Beam Irradiation)	68
   IT CORPORATION  	70
   (Batch Steam Distillation and Metal Extraction)	70
   IT CORPORATION  	72
   (Chelation/Electrodeposition of Toxic Metals from Soils)	72
   IT CORPORATION	74
   (Mixed Waste Treatment Process)	74
   IT CORPORATION  	76
   (formerly OHM Remediation Services Corporation)
      (Oxygen Microbubble In Situ Bioremediation)	76
   IT CORPORATION	78
   (Photolytic and Biological Soil Detoxification) 	78
                                    VI

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                TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

                                                                      Page

Completed Emerging Technology Program Projects (Continued)
   IT CORPORATION  	80
   (Tekno Associates Bioslurry Reactor)	80
   KSE, INC	_	82
   (Adsorption-Integrated-Reaction Process)	82
   KVAERNER ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT  	84
   (formerly Davy International Environmental Division)
      (Chemical Treatment)  	84
   MATRIX PHOTpCATALYTIC INC	86
   (Photocatalytic Air Treatment)	86
   MATRIX PHOTOCATALYTIC INC	88
   (Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase Organic Destruction)	88
   MEDIA & PROCESS TECHNOLOGY	.. 90
   (formerly Aluminum Company of America and
      Alcoa Separation Technology, Inc.)
      (Bioscrubber)	90
   MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, INC	92
   (VaporSep® Membrane Process)	92
   METSO MINERALS INDUSTRIES, INC.
      (formerly Svedala Industries, Inc.)
       	94
   (PYROKILN THERMAL ENCAPSULATION Process^	94
   MONTANA COLLEGE OF MINERAL
      SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY	96
   (Air-Sparged Hydrocyclone)	96
   MONTANA COLLEGE OF MINERAL
      SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY	98
   (Campbell Centrifugal Jig)  	98
   NEW JERSEY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES
      MANAGEMENT RESEARCH CENTER  	100
   (formerly Hazardous Substance Management Research Center at New Jersey
      Institute of Technology and Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey)
      (Pneumatic Fracturing and Bioremediation Process)	100
   NEW JERSEY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY	102
   (GHEA Associates Process)	102
   PHYTOKINETTCS, INC	106
   (Phytoremediation Process)	106
   PINTAIL SYSTEMS, INC	108
   (Spent Ore Bioremediation Process)	108
   PSI TECHNOLOGIES,
      A DIVISION OF PHYSICAL SCIENCES INC	110
   (Metals Immobilization and Decontamination of Aggregate Solids)  	110
   PULSE SCIENCES, INC	112
   (X-Ray Treatment of Aqueous Solutions)	112
   PULSE SCIENCES, INC	114
   (X-Ray Treatment of Organically  Contaminated Soils) 	114
   RECRA ENVIRONMENTAL, INC	116
   (formerly Electro-Pure Systems, Inc.)
      (Alternating Current Electrocoagulation Technology)  	116
                                   vn

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               TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

                                                                      Page

Completed Emerging Technology Program Projects (Continued^
   REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES, INC	118
   (Biofilm Reactor for Chlorinated Gas Treatment)	118
   RESOURCE MANAGEMENT & RECOVERY 	120
   (formerly Bio-Recovery Systems, Inc.)
      (AlgaSORB® Biological Sorption)  	120
   ROY F. WESTON, INC	122
   (Ambersorb® 563 Adsorbent) 	122
   STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT OSWEGO,
      ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER 	124
   (Electrochemical Peroxidation of PCB-Contaminated
      Sediments and Waters) 	124
   THERMATRIX, INC	126
   (formerly PURUS, INC.)
      (Photolytic Oxidation Process)  	126
   TRINITY ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC	128
   (PCB- and Organochlorine-Contaminated Soil Detoxification)  	128
   UNITED KINGDOM ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY  	130
   (formerly AEA Technology Environment)
      (Soil Separation and Washing Process)	130
   UNIVERSITY OF DAYTON RESEARCH INSTITUTE  	132
   (Photothermal Detoxification Unit)	132
   UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON	.134
   (Concentrated Chloride Extraction and Recovery of Lead)	134
   UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA	136
   (In Situ Mitigation of Acid Water)  	136
   UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON	138
   (Adsorptive Filtration)	138
   UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON 	140
   (Photoelectrocatalytic Degradation and Removal) 	140
   UV TECHNOLOGIES, INC.	142
   (formerly Energy and Environmental Engineering, Inc.)
      (UV CATOX™ Process)	142
   UV TECHNOLOGIES, INC	144
   (formerly Energy and Environmental Engineering, Inc.)
      (UV CATOX™ Process)	144
   VORTEC CORP9RATION 	146
   (Oxidation and Vitrification Process) 	146
   WESTERN PRODUCT RECOVERY GROUP, INC	148
   (Coordinate, Chemical Bonding, and Adsorption Process)	148
   WESTERN RESEARCH INSTITUTE	150
   (Contained Recovery of Oily Wastes)	150
   ZENON ENVIRONMENTAL INC	152
   (Cross-Flow Pervaporation System)  	152
                                   vin

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                TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

                                                                      Page

Ongoing Emerging Technology Program Projects
   EARTH TECH, INC	154
   (formerly ITT Night Vision
      (In Situ Enhanced Bioremediation of Ground water)	154
   ELECTRO-PETROLEUM, INC	156
   (Electro-Kineticaliy Aided Remediation [EKAR])	156
   HARDING ESE, A MACTEC COMPANY	158
   (formerly ABB Environmental Services, Inc.)
      (Two-Zone, Plume Interception, In Situ Treatment Strategy)	158
   LEWIS ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES, INC./
      HICKSON CORPORATION  	160
   (Chromated Copper Arsenate Soil Leaching Process)	160
   MATRIX PHOTOCATALYTIC INC	162
   (Photocatalytic Air Treatment)  	            162
   PROCESS TECHNOLOGIES INCORPORATED	164
   (Photolytic Destruction of Vapor-Phase Halogens)	     164
   SELENTEC ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC	166
   (Selentec MAG* SEPSM Technology)	166
TRADE NAME INDEX	            168
APPLICABILITY INDEX  	181


                            LISTS OF FIGURES

1     Development of Innovative Technologies	2

2     Innovative Technologies in the Demonstration Program 	3

3     Innovative Technologies in the Emerging Technology Program	4


                             LIST OF TABLES

3     Completed SITE Emerging Technology Program Projects as of September 2002	335
                                    IX

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                             ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The project manager responsible for the preparation of this document is Teri Richardson of EPA's
National Risk Management Research Laboratory in Cincinnati, Ohio. This document was prepared
under the direction of Robert Oiexsey, Director of the Land Remediation and Pollution Control
Division.  Key program area contributors for EPA include Annette Gatchett, and Randy Parker.
Special acknowledgment is given to the individual EPA SITE project managers and technology
developers who provided guidance and technical support.

Computer Sciences Corporation prepared this document under the direction and coordination of Teri
Richardson and Annette Gatchett.

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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Superfiind Innovative Technology Evaluation
(SITE) Program, now in its sixteenth year, encourages the development and implementation of (1)
innovative treatment technologies for hazardous waste site remediation, and (2) characterization and
monitoring technologies for evaluating the nature and extent of hazardous waste site contamination.

The SITE Program was established by EPA's Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
(OSWER) and the Office of Research and Development (ORD) in response to the 1986 Superfund
Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA), which recognized a need for an "Alternative or
Innovative Treatment Technology Research and Demonstration Program." The SITE Program is
administered by ORD' s National Risk Management Research Laboratory (NRMRL), headquartered
in Cincinnati, Ohio.

The SITE Program includes the following key elements:

  • Demonstration Program - Conducts and evaluates demonstrations of promising innovative
   technologies to provide reliable performance, cost, and applicability information for site cleanup
   decision-making

 • Emerging Technology Program - Support of the Emerging Technology Program ended in 1998
   after completion of all  committed projects in the Program

 • Monitoring and Measurement Technologies - Evaluates technologiesthat detect, monitor, and
   measure  hazardous and toxic substances to provide better, faster, and more cost-effective
   methods for producing real-time data during site characterization and remediation

  • Information Transfer Activities - Disseminates technical information, including engineering,
   performance, and cost data, on innovative technologies to remove  impediments for using
   innovative technologies

This Technology Profiles document describes completed and ongoing projects in the Demonstration,
Emerging Technology, and  Characterization and  Monitoring Programs.  Figure 1 shows the
relationship among the programs and depicts the process of technology development from initial
concept to commercial use.

In the Demonstration Program, the technology is field-tested on hazardous  waste materials.
Engineering  and cost data are gathered on the innovative technology so that potential users can
assess the technology's  applicability to a particular  site.  Data collected during the field
demonstration are used to assess the performance of the technology, the potential need for pre- and
post-processing of the waste, applicable types of wastes and waste matrices, potential operating
problems, and approximate capital and operating costs.
                                                                              Page 1

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                    Figure 1 Development of Innovative Technologies
At the conclusion of a SITE demonstration, EPA prepares an Innovative Technology Evaluation
Report (ITER), Technology  Capsule, and Demonstration Bulletin.  Often, a videotape  of the
demonstration is also prepared. These reports evaluate all available information on the technology
and analyze its overall applicability to other site characteristics, waste types, and waste matrices.
Testing procedures, performance and cost data, and quality assurance and quality control standards
are also presented.  These demonstration documents are distributed by EPA to provide reliable
technical data for environmental decision-making and to promote the technology's commercial use.

The Demonstration Program currently as 147 program participants conducting 141 demonstrations.
Of these projects 128 demonstrations are complete and 13 are ongoing. The projects are divided
into the following categories: thermal treatment (34), biological degradation (28), physical/chemical
treatment (50), solidification/stabilization (13), phytoremediation (5), soil washing (4), materials
handling (3), and other (4). Several technologies represent more than one treatment category.
Page 2

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                        Thermal
                       Treatment
                          34
Materials
Handling
    5
         Solidification/
          Stabilization
               2
             Biological
            Degradation
                19
                           Physical/
                           Chemical
                              38
       Figure 2:  Innovative Technologies in the Emerging Technology Program
Figure 2 shows the breakdown of technologies in the Demonstration Program.  Profiles for
technologies demonstrated under the Demonstration Program are located in Volume I.

EPA has provided technical and financial  support to 77 projects in the Emerging Technology
Program.  Seventy-three are completed and four have exited the program.  Eighteen Emerging
Technology Program proj ects participated in the Demonstration Program. The seventh-three active
technologies are divided into the following  categories: thermal destruction (9), physical/chemical
treatment (38), biological degradation (19),  solidification/stabilization (2), and materials handling
(5).  Figure 3 displays the breakdown of technologies  in the Emerging Technology Program.
Profiles for technologies demonstrated under the Emerging Technology Program are located in
Volume II.
                                                                                Page 3

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                                       Materials
                       Thermal        Handling
                     Destruction.         c
                                           o
         Solidification/    9
         Stabilization
               2
            Degradation
                 19
                                                                 Physical/
Figure 3:  Innovative Technologies in the Demonstration Program
The Monitoring and Measurement Technologies (MMT) Program's goal is to assess innovative and
alternative monitoring, measurement, and site characterization technologies. To date, 3 8 technology
demonstrations have occurred under the MMT Program. These demonstrations have included four
cone penetrometers, 6 field portable X-ray fluorescence units, 6 portable gas chromatographs, 4
spectrophotometers, 12 field test kits, and 6 soil samplers.  Profiles for technologies demonstrated
under the MMT Program are located in Volume III.

In the Technology Transfer Program, technical  information on innovative technologies in the
Demonstration Program, Emerging Technology Program, and MMT Program is disseminated to
increase the awareness and promote  the use of innovative technologies for  assessment and
remediation at Superfund sites.   The goal  of technology transfer activities  is to promote
communication among  individuals requiring current technical information for conducting site
investigations and cleanups.

The Technology Transfer Program reaches the environmental community  through many media,
including:

   •  Program-specific regional, state, and industry brochures

      On-site Visitors' Days during SITE demonstrations

   •  Demonstration videotapes

   •  Project-specific fact sheets to comply with site community relations plans

   •  ITERs, Demonstration Bulletins, Technology Capsules, and Project  Summaries
Page 4

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   •   The SITE Exhibit, displayed nationwide and internationally at conferences

   •   Networking through forums, associations, regions, and states

   •   Technical assistance to regions, states, and remediation cleanup contractors


SITE information including  an electronic version of this document, is available through the
following on-line information clearinghouses:

   SITE Program Home Page: http:/Avww. epa. gov/ORD/SITE

   Cleanup Information Bulletin Board System (CLU-IN)
   Help Desk: 301-589-8368; Internet Access: http://www.clu-in. org

Technical reports may be obtained by calling the National  Service Center for Environmental
Publications in Cincinnati, Ohio. To find out about newly published documents or to be placed on
the SITE mailing list, call or write to:

                                                           USEPA/NSCEP
                                                           P.O. Box 42419
                                                           Cincinnati, OH 45242-2419
                                                           1-800-490-9198
                                                                              Page 5

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The SITE Program is administered by EPA's Office of Research and  Development  (ORD),
specifically the  National Risk Management  Research Laboratory (NRMRL).   For further
information on the SITE Program or its component programs contact:
         Land Remediation and
        Pollution Control Division

              Robert Olexsey
     U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
      26 West Martin Luther King Drive
           Cincinnati, Ohio 45268
              513-569-7861
             Fax:513-569-7620
          SITE Program
         Annette Gatchett
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
  26 West Martin Luther King Drive
      Cincinnati, Ohio 45268
          513-569-7697
        Fax: 513-569-7620
             Monitoring and
          Measurement Program

              Stephen Billets
     U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
              P. O. Box 93478
        Las Vegas, Nevada 89193-3478
               702-798-2232
             Fax: 702-798-2261
     Emerging Technology
           Program

          Randy Parker
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
  26 West Martin Luther King Drive
      Cincinnati, Ohio 45268
          513-569-7271
        Fax: 513-569-7620
            Remediation and
             Control Branch

                John Martin
     U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
       26 West Martin Luther King Drive
           Cincinnati, Ohio 45268
               513-569-7758
             Fax:513-569-7620
         Treatment and
      Destruction Branch

          Laurel Staley
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
  26 West Martin Luther King Drive
      Cincinnati, Ohio 45268
          513-569-7863
        Fax: 513-569-7620
Page 6
                                      SITE Management
                                       Support Branch

                                        Teri Richardson
                               U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
                                 26 West Martin Luther King Drive
                                     Cincinnati, Ohio 45268
                                         513/569-7949
                                       Fax:513-569-7676

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 Technology
                         EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
           ACTIVE ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
                                       (formerly EET, Inc.)
                            (TechXtract® Decontamination Process)
 TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

 The  TechXtract®  process  employs  proprietary
 chemical formulations in successive steps to remove
 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), toxic hydrocarbons,
 heavy metals, andradionuclidesfrom the subsurfaceof
 porous materials such as concrete, brick, steel, and
 wood. Each formulation consists of chemicals from
 up to 14 separate  chemical groups, and  formulation
 can be specifically tailored to individual site.

 The process is performed in multiple cycles.  Each
 cycle consists of three stages:  surface preparation,
 extraction, and rinsing. Each stage employs a specific
 chemical mix.

 The surface preparation step uses a solution mat
 contains buffered organic  and  inorganic  acids,
 sequestering agents, wetting agents, and  special
 hydrotrope chemicals.   The  extraction  formula
 includes macro- and microemulsifiers in  addition to
 electrolyte, flotation, wetting, and sequestering agents.
 The rinsing formula is pH-balanced and contains
 wetting and complexing agents.  Emulsifiers in all the
 formulations  help eliminate  fugitive releases of
 volatile  organic compounds or other vapors.
                            The chemical formulation in each stage is sprayed on
                            the contaminated surface as a fine mist and worked
                            into the surface with a stiff bristle brush or floor
                            scrubber. The chemicals are allowed to penetrate into
                            the subsurface and are then rinsed or vacuumed from
                            the surface with a wet/dry, barrel-vacuum. No major
                            capital equipment is required.

                            Contaminant levels can be reduced from 60 to 90
                            percent per cycle.  The total number of cycles is
                            determined from initial contaminant concentrations
                            and final remedial action objectives.

                            WASTE APPLICABILITY:

                            The TechXtract® process is designed to treat porous
                            solid materials  contaminated  with  PCBs;  toxic
                            hydrocarbons; heavy  metals, including lead and
                            arsenic;  and  radionuclides.     Because  the
                            contaminantsare extracted  from the surface, the
                            materials can be left in place, reused, or recycled.
                            After treatment, the contaminants are concentrated in
                            a small volume of liquid waste.  The liquid can be
                            disposed as is, incinerated, or solidified for landfill. It
                            will carry the waste characteristics of the contaminant.
                       1 . EET's proprietary
              Concrete
                 Metal
                 Brick
               Asphalt
                         blends are applied
                         in sequence.
2. Chemicals
  penetrate
  through pores
  and capillaries.
                                     5. Contaminants
                                       entrained in spent
                                       solution are
                                       vacuumed and
                                       drumed for disposal.
                                             3. Electrochemical bonds holding
                                              contaminants to substrate are
                                              attacked and broken.
4. Contaminants
  are released
  from substrate
  and drawn to
  surface.
                         Process Flow Diagram of the TECHXTRACT® Process
PageS
                                          The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                            approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                    February 2003
                                                                                Completed Project
In commercial applications, the process has reduced
PCB concentrations from 1,000,000 micrograms per
100 square centimeters (ug/100 cm2) to concentrations
less than 0.2 ug/100 cm2.  The TechXtract® process
has been used on concrete floors, walls, and ceilings,
tools and machine parts, internal piping, values, and
lead shielding. The TechExtract®process has removed
lead, arsenic, technetium,  uranium, cesium, tritium,
and  throium,  chrome  (+3,+6),   gallium, copper,
mercury, plutonium, and strontium.

STATUS:

This  technology  was  accepted  into  the  SITE
Demonstration Program  in summer 1994.   EAT
Demonstrated  the  TechXtract®  technology  from
February 26, 1997 to  March 6,  1997.  During the
demonstration, AET competed 20 TechXtract®  100
cycles and 12 300/200 cycles. Post-treatment samples
were collected on March 6, 1997. In April 1997 a
demonstration  project was completed at  the Pearl
Harbor Naval Complex.

The technology has been used in over 200 successful
decontamination projects for the U.S. Department of
Energy; U.S. Department of Defense; the electric,
heavy manufacturing, steel, and aluminum industries;
and other applications.  Further research is underway
to apply the technology to soil, gravel, and other loose
material.    AET  also plans to study methods  for
removing or concentrating metals in the extracted
liquids.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Dennis Timberlake
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
  Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7547
Fax:513-569-7676
E-mail: timberlake.dennis@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Scott Fay
Active Environmental Technologies, Inc.
40 High Street,
Mount Holly, NJ 08060
609-702-1500
Fax: 609-702-0265
E-mail: scottf@pics.com
                                         The SITE Program assesses bul does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                      Page 9

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Technology Profile
EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                          ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY/
                              ZENTOX CORPORATION
                         (Photocatalytic Oxidation with Air Stripping)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

Chlorinated volatile organic compounds (VOC), such
astrichloroethene(TCE)andtetrachloroethene(PCE),
are readily removed from groundwater and soil using
established methods such as ah stripping and vapor
extraction. However, this solution produces a VOC-
contaminatedair stream thatrequires further treatment.

In gas-solid photocatalytic oxidation (PCO), the VOC-
laden air stream is exposed to a titania catalyst in near-
ultraviolet (UV) light. The UV light activates the
catalyst, producing oxidizing radicals.  The radicals
promote rapid chain reactions that completely destroy
VOCs to carbon dioxide and water; these oxidation
reactions  occur at or near room  temperature.   The
treatment  of chlorinated  organics  also produces
hydrochloric acid.

Arizona State University (ASU) is investigating an
integrated  pilot-scale pump-and-treat  system  that
transfers chlorinated VOCs to an air stream using air
stripping.  A PCO reactor installed downstream of the
air stripping unit treats the contaminated air stream.
The figure below illustrates the system. The PCO unit
incorporates a flow-through photocatalytic reactor for
VOC destruction and a  caustic  absorber bed for
  removal of hydrochloric acid.  The acid is neutralized
  to sodium chloride in the absorber bed.

  PCO  offers   the   following   advantages  over
  conventional treatment technologies:

  •       ThephotocatalyticprocessaliowsVOCstobe
          oxidized at or near room temperature.
  •       Low-temperature operation allows the use of
          plastic  piping and  construction,  thereby
          reducing costs and minimizing acid corrosion
          problems.
  •       Chemical additives are not required.
  •       The  titania  catalyst  and  UV lamps  are
          inexpensive  and  commercially  available
          (modified catalyst formulations are available
          for enhanced performance).
  •       A variety of halogenated and nonhalogenated
          organic  compounds  can  be  completely
          oxidized to innocuous or easily neutralized
          products,  such  as  carbon  dioxide   and
          hydrochloric acid.
                                           VOC-Laden Air
   VOC-Contaminated
     Groundwater
                                                                                     Purified Air Out
                                                          Truck-Mounted PCO Unit
                                                         Photocatalytic Reactor
                           Clean Air
                                  Caustic
                                  Scrubber
                                               Stripped
                                              Water Out
                                   Photocatalytic Oxidation with Air Stripping
Page 10
                                          The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                            approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                     February 2003
                                                                                  Completed Project
WASTE APPLICABILITY:

This technology can treat VOC-contaminated streams
generated by air stripping treatment of contaminated
groundwater or soil vapor extraction of contaminated
soil. The  technology is appropriate for dilute VOC
concentrations (such as 500  parts  per million  by
volume or less) and low  to  moderate flow rates.
Laboratory data indicate that the PCO technology can
also be adapted for industrial facilities that emit dilute
VOC-contaminated air streams.  Candidates include
chemical  process  plants,  dry  cleaners,  painting
operations,   solvent   cleaning  operations,  and
wastewater and hazardous waste treatment facilities.
Air in closed environments could also be purified by
integrating PCO units with heating, ventilation, and air
conditioning systems.

STATUS:

The PCO  technology was accepted  into the SITE
Emerging  Technology Program in 1993. Under the
program, ASU  has  conducted bench-scale tests to
evaluate the integration of a PCOunit downstream of
an existing air stripping unit.   Results of the bench-
scale testing have provided design data for a pilot-
scale test  at  a Phoenix, Arizona,  Superfund site
contaminated with chlorinated VOC s. ASU's previous
laboratory studies  indicate  rapid  destruction  to
nondetectable levels (98 to 99 percent removal) for
various concentrations of TCE and other chlorinated
ethenes in  humid air streams.

In  1995,  Zentox Corporation (Zentox)  fielded  a
prototype PCO system for the treatment of TCE in air.
Building on the data gained from that system, Zentox
is fabricating a second generation system for use at the
Phoenix site.  Following tests at the Phoenix site, the
50- to 100-cubic-feet-per-minute pilot plant unit will
be available for trials at other locations.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Norma Lewis
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
       Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7665
Fax:513-569-7787
e-mail: lewis.normal@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACTS:
Gregory Raupp
Department of Chemical, Biological,
       and Materials Engineering
Arizona State University
Tempe,AZ 85287-6006
480-965-3895
Fax: 480-965-0037
e-mail:  Raupp@asu.edu
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                     Page 11

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                           ART INTERNATIONAL, INC.
                            (formerly ENVIRO-SCIENCES, INC.)
                             .  (Low-Energy Extraction Process)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The patented Low-Energy Extraction Process (LEEP®)
uses common organic solvents to concentrate and
extract organic pollutants from soil, sediments, and
sludges. LEEP® can treat contaminated solids to the
stringent cleanup levels mandated  by  regulatory
agencies. LEEP® includes pretreatment, washing, and
concentration processes (see figure below).

During pretreatment,  particles  measuring up to 8
inches  in diameter are removed in a gravity settler-
floater.  The settler-floater includes a metal detector
and  remover,  a crusher,  and  a  metering  feeder.
Floating material often found at remediation sites,
such as wood chips, grass, or root material,  is also
removed.

After pretreatment, the solid matrix is washed in a
unique, dual solvent process that uses both hydrophilic
and hydrophobic solvents. The combination of these
proprietary solvents guarantees efficient contaminant
removal.
           The extracted pollutants are then concentrated in a
           sacrificial solvent by liquid-liquid extraction or by
           distillation, before being removed from the process for
           off-site disposal or recycling.  The treated solids can
           be returned to the site as clean fill.

           LEEP® is a low-pressure process operated at near-
           ambient conditions. It is designed as a closed-loop,
           self-contained,  mobile unit  consisting of  proven
           heavy-duty equipment.  The  relatively inexpensive
           solvents used in the process are recycled internally.
           The solvents are applicable to almost every type of
           organic contaminant, and  their physical properties
           enhance clay and silt particle settling.

           WASTE APPLICABILITY:

           LEEP® can treat most organic contaminants  in soil,
           sediment,  and  sludge,  including  tar,   creosote,
           chlorinated  hydrocarbons, polynuclear   aromatic
           hydrocarbons, pesticides,  and  wood-  preserving
           chlorophenol formulations. Bench- and pilot-scale
                                         LEEP® Process Flow Diagram
Page 12
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                             February 2003
                                         Completed Project
experiments have  shown  that  LEEP® effectively
treats tar-contaminated solids from manufactured gas
plant sites, soils and sediments contaminated  with
polychlorinatedbiphenyls and refinery waste sludges,
and soils contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons.

STATUS:

LEEP® was accepted into the Emerging Technology
Program in July 1989. Bench-scale studies for process
development were completed in 1994. A draft report
that details the evaluation results has been submitted to
EPA. The final report will be available in 1997.

In  addition,  ART  International,  Inc.,   routinely
conducts  bench-scale   treatability  studies  for
government and industrial clients, and it has obtained
Toxic Substances Control Act, Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act, and air permits for the technology.
Other developments include the following:

•      A 200-pound-per-hour pilot-scale  unit has
       been constructed.
•      Tests of the  pilot-scale unit indicated that
       LEEP® can treat soil from manufactured gas
       plant sites containing up to 5 percent tar.
•      Tests to scale up the pilot-scale unit  to  a
       commercial unit are complete.
•      Commercial design criteria and a turnkey bid
       package are complete.
•      Commercialization activities for a full-scale
       unit are underway.
       In   1994,   Soil   Extraction
       Technologies, Inc., a wholly owned
       subsidiary of Public Service Electric
       & Gas, purchased a LEEP® license.
            FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

            EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
            Randy Parker
            U.S. EPA
            National Risk Management Research
                   Laboratory
            26 West Martin Luther King Drive
            Cincinnati, OH 46268
            513-569-7271
            Fax:513-569-7571
            E-mail: parker.randy@epa.gov

            TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
            Werner Steiner
            ART International, Inc.
            100 Ford Road
            Denville,NJ 07834
            973-627-7601
            Fax: 973-627-6524
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.
                                                                                          Page 13

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                 ATOMIC ENERGY OF CANADA, LIMITED
                           (Chemical Treatment and Ultrafiltration)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The  Atomic Energy of Canada,  Limited (AECL),
process uses chemical pretreatment and ultrafiltration
to remove trace concentrations of dissolved metals
from  wastewater, contaminated  groundwater, and
leachate.  The process selectively removes metal
contaminants and produces a volume-reduced water
stream for further treatment and disposal.

The installed unit's overall dimensions are 5 feet wide
by 7 feet long by 6 feet high. The skid-mounted unit
consists of (1) a bank of 5-micron cartridgeprefiiters,
(2) a feed conditioning system with polyelectrolytes
and chemicals for pH adjustment, (3) two banks of
hollow-fiber ultrafilters, (4) a backflush system for
cleaning the membrane unit, and (5) associated tanks
and instrumentation.

The figure below illustrates the  process.  Wastewater
enters  the prefilter through the feed holding tank,
where suspended particles are removed from the feed.
The  filtered   waste  stream  is  then  routed  to
conditioning tanks where the solution pH is adjusted.
Water-soluble macromolecular compounds are then
added to the wastewaterto form complexes with heavy
metal ions.  Next,  a relatively high molecular weight
polymer,  generally  a  commercially  available
polyelectrolyte, is added to the wastewater to form
           selective metal-polymer complexes at the desired pH
           and  temperature.   The polyelectrolyte quantities
           depend  on  the   metal   ion   con-centration.The
           wastewater  then   passes  through  a  cross-flow
           ultrafiltration membrane   system   by  way  of  a
           recirculationloop. The ultrafiltration system provides
           a total membrane surface area of 265 square feet and
           a flow rate of about 6 gallons per minute (gpm). The
           membranes retain the metal complexes (concentrate),
           while allowing uncomplexed ions to passthrough the
           membrane with the filtered water. The filtered water
           (permeate)  is continuously withdrawn, while the
           concentrate   stream,   containing   most   of  the
           contaminants, is recycled through the recirculation
           loop until  it meets the target  concentration.  After
           reaching the  target concentration, the concentrate
           stream  is withdrawn for further treatment, such as
           solidification. It can then be safely disposed of, while
           the clean filtered water is discharged.
                                                            Recirculation Loop
Feed
Holding
Tank


1

Prefiltration

pH Chemical
Addition
+

pH
Adjustment



Polyelectrolyte
Addition
*"
4
Metal
Complexation
Reaction
Tank
-CH
Circulation
Pump
20 L/min
100 to 150 L/min
Ultrafiltration
System
{265 sq ft Bank)
1
,_ =20 L/min
Feed
Pump



s
= 0.2 to
                                                                     Filter
                                                                     Water
                                                                               Concentrate
                            Single-Stage Chemical Treatment and Ultrafiltration Process
Page 14
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                            February 2003
                                         Completed Project
WASTE APPLICABILITY:

The AECL process treats groundwater, leachate, and
surface runoff contaminated with trace levels of toxic
heavy metals.  The process also treats effluents from
(1) industrial processes, (2) production and processing
ofbasemetals,(3)smelters,(4)electrolysisoperations,
and (5) battery manufacturing. Potential applications
include removal of metals such as cadmium, lead,
mercury, uranium, manganese, nickel, chromium, and
silver.

The process can treat influent with dissolved metal
concentrations from several parts per million (ppm) up
to about 100 ppm. In addition, the process removes
other inorganic  and organic materials present  as
suspended or colloidal solids.  The sole residue is the
ultrafiltration concentrate, which generally constitutes
5 to 20 percent of the feed volume.

STATUS:

The AECL  process was accepted into  the SITE
Emerging Technology Program in 1988.   During
initial bench-scale and pilot-scale  tests, the AECL
process successfully removed cadmium,  lead, and
mercury. These results were used to help designers
construct the mobile unit.

The mobile  unit has been tested at  Chalk River
Laboratories and a  uranium  mine tailings  site  in
Ontario, Canada. The field evaluation indicated that
process water  characteristics needed further study;
pretreatmentschemesare being evaluated. The mobile
unit, which  is  capable of treating influent flows
ranging from 1,000  to 5,000 gallons per  day,  is
available for treatability tests and on-site applications.
An   Emerging   Technology   Bulletin
(EPA/540/F-92/002) is available from EPA.
            FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

            EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
            John Martin
            U.S. EPA
            National Risk Management Research
                   Laboratory
            26 West Martin Luther King Drive
            Cincinnati, OH 45268
            513-569-7758
            Fax:513-569-7620
            e-mail: martin.johnf@epa.gov

            TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACTS:
            Shaun Cotnam and Dr. Shiv Vijayan
            Atomic Energy of Canada, Limited
            Chalk River Laboratories
            Chalk River, Ontario, Canada KOJ 1 JO
            613-584-3311
            Fax:613-584-1812
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.
                                                                                         Page 15

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                  ATOMIC ENERGY OF CANADA LIMITED
                             (Ultrasonic-Aided Leachate Treatment)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The  ultrasonic-aided leachate treatment  process
involves enhanced chemical treatment of acidic soil
leachate solutions.  These solutions, also known as
acid mine drainage, are caused by the oxidation and
dissolution of sulfide-bearing wastes that produce
sulfuric acid. The resulting acidic water leaches metal
contaminants from the exposed waste rock and mine
tailings, creating large volumes  of  toxic acidic
leachates.

The  ultrasonic-aided leachate treatment process uses
an ultrasonic field to improve contaminant removal
through precipitation, coprecipitation, oxidation, ion
scavenging, and sorption (see figure below).  These
processesare followed by solid-liquid separation us ing
a filter press and a cross-flow microfilter connected in
series.  The time  required for treatment depends on
(1) the  nature of acidic waste to be treated, (2) the
treated  water quality with respect to contaminant
concentration, and (3) the rate at which the physical
and chemical processes occur. The treatable leachate
volume is scalable.

The  major difference between this technology and
           conventional processes is the use of ultrasonic mixing
           instead  of mechanical  agitation in  large  tanks.
           Research indicatesthat an ultrasonic field significantly
           increases  both  the conversion  rate  of  dissolved
           contaminants to precipitates and the rate of oxidation
           and ion exchange.  Earlier studies by Atomic Energy
           of Canada Limited (AECL) revealed  that the time
           required to precipitate heavy metals from aqueous
           solutions decreased by an order of magnitude in the
           presence of an ultrasonic field. The ultrasonic-aided
           leachate treatment process is compact, portable, and
           energy-efficient. Safety and process controls are built
           in as necessary  for handling  mixed  radioactive
           solutions.  The process also generates minimal fugitive
           emissions  and produces a treated effluent that meets
           applicable discharge limits. The process may also be
           able to  treat waste containing  small amounts  of
           dissolved or suspended organics.
                                         Chemical Reagents Addition
                                  pH Chemical
                                                 Oxidant
                  Precipitant
                          1 To 2%
                        Suspended
                          Solids
                                     Concentrate
                                    (1 To 2% Solids)
                                 Filtrate (0.05 To 0.1%
                                    Suspended Solids)
       Acidic Soil Leachate Feed
       Percent Dissolved Solids:
            5,000 to 10,000 ppm
       Primary Contaminants:
       (Heavy Metals & RadionudkJes)
            1,000 to 2,000 ppm
                                                                                To Discharge
                                                         CD
                                                         CD
                                                       To Disoosal
                              Single-Stage Chemical Treatment and Ultrafiltration Process
Page 16
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                      February 2003
                                                                                  Completed Project
WASTE APPLICABILITY:

The ultrasonic-aided leachate treatment process treats
acid mine drainage contaminated with heavy metals
and radionuclides. The process can also be combined
with soil remediation technologies.

STATUS:

The ultrasonic-aided leachate treatment process was
accepted into the SITE Emerging Technology Program
in 1993. Under this program, AECL is developing and
testing a pilot-scale unit to treat acidic soil leachate
solutions  containing  low  levels of  metals  and
radionuclides.

The quality assurance  and test plan was approved in
October 1994.  Laboratory-scale testing using acidic
leachates from the Berkeley Pit in Butte, Montana, and
from Stanleigh Mines in Elliot Lake, Ontario, Canada,
is complete. The tests were designed to find optimal
single and multistage  treatment  regimes  to remove
from the leachates a variety of dissolved species (such
as iron, aluminum, manganese, magnesium, copper,
zinc,  uranium,  radium,  and  sulfate),  either  as
contaminants or as reusable resources.

Given optimum process chemistry, low energy (less
than 5  kilojoules per liter),  and  low frequency (20
kilohertz), ultrasonic cavitation fields were sufficient
to remove the dissolved species to levels meeting
discharge requirements.
The  energy  input  corresponds  to  a  chemical
conditioning time of a few seconds to tens of seconds.
The underlying principles examined include lime and
limestone precipitation, copper cementation, iron, and
uranium oxidation, ion sorption, and ion scavenging.

A Phase 1 interim report summarizing the laboratory-
scale  results was issued in August 1995.  A revised
Phase 1 report was issued in February 1996. Testing
of the pilot-scale system was December 1996.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Randy Parker
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
       Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7271
Fax:513-569-7571
E-mail: parker.randy@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Shaun Cotnam and Dr. Shiv Vijayan
Atomic Energy of Canada, Limited
Chalk River Laboratories
Chalk River, Ontario, Canada KOJ 1 JO
613-584-3311, ext. 3220/6057
Fax:613-584-1812
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                    Page 17

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                      BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE
                        (In Situ Electroacoustic Soil Decontamination)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

This  patented   in  situ   electroacoustic  soil
decontamination  (BSD) technology removes heavy
metals from soils through direct current electrical and
acoustic  fields.   Direct current  facilitates  liquid
transport through soils. The technology consists of
electrodes, an anode and a cathode, and an acoustic
source (see figure below).

The double-layer boundary theory is important when
an  electric potential is applied to soils.   For soil
particles, the double layer consists of (1) afixed layer
of negative ions that are firmly held to the solid phase,
and (2) a diffuse layer of more loosely held cations
and anions.  Applying an electric potential to the
double layer displaces the loosely held ions to their
respective electrodes.  The  cations take water with
them as they move toward the cathode.

Besides water transport through wet soils, the direct
current produces other effects, such as ion transfer, pH
gradients development,  electrolysis, oxidation and
reduction, and heat generation.
           Heavy metals present in contaminated soils can be
           leached or precipitated out of solution by electrolysis,
           oxidation and reduction reactions, or ionic migration.
           The soil contaminants may be (1) cations, such as
           cadmium, chromium, and lead; or (2) anions, such as
           cyanide, chromate, and dichromate. The existenceof
           these ions in their respective oxidation states depends
           on soil pH and concentration gradients. Direct current
           is expected to increase the leaching rate and precipitate
           the  heavy metals out of solution by establishing
           appropriate pH and osmotic gradients.

           WASTE APPLICABILITY:

           This technology removes  heavy metals  from soils.
           When applied in conjunction with an electric field and
           water flow,  an  acoustic field can enhance  waste
           dewateringor leaching. This phenomenon is not fully
           understood. Another possible application involves the
           unclogging of recovery wells. Because contaminated
           particles are driven to the recovery well, the pores and
           interstitial  spaces  in the  soil  can  close.    This
           technology could be used to clear  these clogged
           spaces. The  technology's  potential  for  improving
                                                                               Contaminants
                                                                            Water (Optional)
                            In Situ Electroacoustic Soil Decontamination (BSD) Technology
 Page 18
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                  February 2003
                                                                              Corrmleted Proiect
nonaqueous phase liquid contaminant recovery and in
situ removal of heavy metals needs to be tested at the
pilot-scale level using clay soils.

STATUS:

The ESD  technology was  accepted into the SITE
Emerging  Technology Program in 1988.  Results
indicate that ESD is technically feasible for removing
inorganic species such as zinc and cadmium from clay
soils; it is only marginally effective for hydrocarbon
removal. A modified ESD process for more effective
hydrocarbon  removal has been developed but not
tested.    The  Emerging  Technology   Report
(EPA/540/5-90/004)  describing  the   1 -year
investigation can be purchased through the National
Technical Information Service, (PB 90-204728/AS).
The   Emerging  Technology   Summary
(EPA/540/S5-90/004) is available from EPA.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROIECT MANAGER:
Randy Parker
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
       Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7271
Fax:513-569-7571
E-mail: parker.randy@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Satya Chauhan
Battelle Memorial Institute
505 King Avenue
Columbus, OH 43201
614-424-4812
Fax:614-424-3321
                                       The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                         approve or endorse technologies.
                                   Page 19

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                                         BIOTROL®
                             (Methanotrophic Bioreactor System)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The BioTrol® methanotrophic bioreactor system isan
aboveground  remedial  technology  for  water
contaminated  with  halogenated  hydrocarbons.
Trichloroethene(TCE) and related compounds pose a
difficult challenge to biological  treatment.  Unlike
aromatic hydrocarbons, for example,  TCE cannot
serve as a primary substrate for bacterial growth.
Degradation depends on cometabolism (see figure
below), which is  attributed to the broad  substrate
specificity  of certain  bacterial  enzyme  systems.
Although many aerobic enzyme systems reportedly
cooxidize TCE and related compounds, BioTrol*
claims that the methane monooxygenase (MMO)
produced  by methanotrophic bacteria is the most
promising.
          Methanotrophs are bacteria that can use methane as a
          sole source of carbon and energy. Although certain
          methanotrophs can express MMO in either a soluble or
          particulate  (membrane-bound) form, BioTrol® has
          discovered  that the soluble form used in the BioTrol
          process induces extremely rapid TCE  degradation
          rates.  Two  patents have been  obtained, and an
          additional patent on the process is pending. Results
          from experiments  with Methylosinus trichosporium
          strain OB3b indicate that the maximum specific TCE
          degradation rate is  1.3 grams of TCE per gram of cells
          (dry weight) per hour. This rate is 100 to 1,000 times
          faster  than reported  TCE  degradation  rates for
          nonmethanotrophs.  This  species of methanotrophic
          bacteria   reportedly removes various  chlorinated
          aliphatic compounds by more than 99.9 percent.
                     o
                     o
                         2,000
                         1,500  _
                         1,000  _
                          500  _
                                                  HRT (min)

                                     Results for Pilot-Scale, Continuous-Flow Reactor
 Page 20
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                    February 2003
                                                                                 ComDleted Proiect
 BioTrol has also developed a colorimetric assay that
 verifies the presence of MMO  in  the  bioreactor
 culture.

 WASTE APPLICABILITY:

 The bioreactor system can treat water contaminated
 with halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons, including
 TCE,   dichloroethene   isomers,  vinyl   chloride,
 dichloroethane isomers, chloroform, dichloromethane
 (methylene  chloride), and others.  In the case  of
 groundwater treatment, bioreactor effluent can either
 be reinjected or  discharged to a sanitary sewer or a
 National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System.

 STATUS:

 This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
 Technology Program in July 1990. Both bench- and
 pilot-scale tests were conducted using a continuous-
 flow, dispersed-growth system.   As shown  in the
 figure below, the pilot-scale  reactor displayed first-
 order TCE degradation kinetics.  The final report on
 the demonstration appears in the Journal of the Air
 and Waste Management Association, Volume 45, No.
 1, January 1995.  The Emerging Technology Bulletin
 (EPA/540/F- 93/506) and the  Emerging Technology
 Summary  (EPA/540/SR-93/505) are available from
 EPA.

 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

 EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
 Randy Parker
 U.S. EPA
 National Risk Management Research
   Laboratory
 26 West Martin Luther King Drive
 Cincinnati, OH 45268
 513-569-7271
 Fax:513-569-7175
 E-mail: parker.randy@epa.gov

 TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
 Durell Dobbins
BioTrol®
 10300 Valley View Road, Suite 107
Eden Prairie, MN 55344-3546
320-942-8032
Fax: 320-942-8526
                                        The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                          approve or endorse technologies.
Page 21

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Technology ProSle
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                            BWX TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
                         (an  affiliate of BABCOCK & WILCOX CO.)
                                        (Cyclone Furnace)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The Babcock & Wilcox Co.  (Babcock & Wilcox)
cyclone furnace is designed to combust coal with high
inorganic content (high-ash).  Through cofiring, the
cyclone  furnace can   also  accommodate  highly
contaminated wastes containing heavy metals and
organics in soil or sludge. High heat-release rates of
45,000 British thermal  units (Btu) per cubic foot of
coal and high turbulence in cyclones ensures the high
temperatures required for melting the high-ash fuels
and combusting the organics.  The inert ash exits the
cyclone furnace as a vitrified slag.

The pilot-scale cyclone furnace, shown in the figure
below, is  a water cooled, scaled-down version of a
commercial coal-fired cyclone with a restricted exit
(throat). The furnace geometry is a horizontal cylinder
(barrel).

Natural gas and preheated combustion air are heated to
820 °F and enter tangentially into the cyclone burner.
For dry soil processing, the soil matrix and natural gas
enter tangentially along the cyclone furnace barrel.
For wet soil processing, an atomizer uses compressed
air to spray the soil slurry  directly into the furnace.
          The soil or sludge and inorganics are captured and
          melted, and organics are destroyed in the gas phase or
          in the molten slag layer. This slag layer is formed and
          retained  on the furnace  barrel wall by centrifugal
          action.

          The soil melts, exits the cyclone furnace from the tap
          at the cyclone throat, and drops into a water-filled slag
          tank where it solidifies. A small quantity of soil also
          exits as fly ash with the flue gas from the furnace and
          is collected in a baghouse.  In  principle, this fly ash
          can be recycled to the  furnace to  increase metal
          capture and to minimize the volume of the potentially
          hazardous waste stream.

          The energy requirements for vitrification are 15,000
          Btu per pound of soil treated. The cyclone furnace can
          be  operated with gas, oil,  or coal as the supplemental
          fuel. If the waste  is high in organic content, it may
          also supply a significant portion of the required fuel
          heat input.

          Particulatesare captured by a baghouse. To maximize
          the capture of particulate metals, a heat exchanger is
          used to cool the stack gases to approximately 200°F
          before they enter the baghouse.
                                                           NATIMM.QAS


                                                            SOL INJECTOR
                                          Cyclone Furnace
 Page 22
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                     February 2003
                                                                                  Completed Proiect
 WASTE APPLICABILITY:

 The cyclone furnace can treat highly contaminated
 hazardous wastes, sludges, and soils that contain heavy
 metals and organic constituents. The wastes may be
 solid, a soil slurry (wet soil), or liquids. To be treated
 in the cyclone furnace, the ash or solid matrix must
 melt (with or without additives) and flow at cyclone
 furnace temperatures (2,400 to 3,000°F). Because the
 furnace captures heavy metals in the slag and renders
 them nonleachable, it is particularly suited to soils that
 contain  lower-volatility  radionuclides   such  as
 strontium and transuranics.

 STATUS:

 Based on results from the Emerging  Technology
 Program,thecyclonefurnacetechnology was accepted
 into the SITE Demonstration Program in August 1991.
 A demonstration occurred in November 1991  at the
 developer's facility in  Alliance, Ohio.  The process
 was  demonstrated  using  an  EPA-suppIied, wet
 synthetic soil matrix (SSM) spiked with heavy metals
 (lead, cadmium, and chromium), organics (anthracene
 and dimethylphthalate), and simulated radionuclides
 (bismuth, strontium, and zirconium). Results from the
 demonstrations  have  been  published   in  the
 Applications Analysis Report (EPA/520/AR-92/017)
 and Technology Evaluation Report, Volumes 1  and2
 (EPA/504/R-92/017Aand EP A/5 40/R-92/017B);these
 documents are  available from EPA.

 DEMONSTRATION RESULTS:

 Vitrified  slag leachabilities for the heavy metals met
 EPA toxiciry characteristicleaching procedure (TCLP)
 limits. TCLP leachabilities were 0.29 milligram per
 liter (mg/L) for lead, 0.12 mg/L for cadmium, and 0.30
mg/L for chromium.  Almost 95 percent of the
noncombustible SSM was incorporated into  the slag.
Greater than 75 percent of the chromium, 88 percent
of the strontium, and 97 percent of the zirconium were
 captured in the slag. Dry weight volume was reduced
 28 percent. Destruction and removal efficiencies for
 anthracene and dimethylphthalate were greater than
 99.997  percent and 99.998 percent, respectively.
 Stack particulates were 0.001 grain per dry standard
 cubic foot (gr/dscf) at 7  percent oxygen, which was
 below the Resource Conservation Recovery Act limit
 of 0.08 gr/dscf effective until May  1993.  Carbon
 monoxide and total hydrocarbons in the flue gas were
 6.0 parts per million (ppm) and 8.3 ppm, respectively.

 An independent cost analysis was performed as part of
 the SITE demonstration. The cost to remediate 20,000
 tons of contaminated soil using a 3.3-ton-per-hourunit
 was estimated at $465 per ton if the unit is on line 80
 percent of the time, and $529 per ton if the unit is on
 line 60 percent of the time.

 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

 EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
 Laurel Staley
 U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
  Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
 513-569-7863  Fax:513-569-7105
E-mail: staley.larel@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Jerry Maringo
BWX Technologies, Inc.,
20 South Van Buren Avenue
P.O. Box 351
Barberton, OH 44203
330-860-6321
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does Dot
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                    Page 23

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                                        COGNIS, INC.
                                 (Biological/Chemical Treatment)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The COGNIS, Inc. biological/chemical treatment is a
two-stage process that treats soils, sediments, and
other media contaminated with metals and organics.
Metals are first removed from the contaminated matrix
by a  chemical leaching process.  Organics are then
removed by bioremediation.

Although metals  removal usually occurs  in the first
stage, bioremediation  may be  performed first  if
organic contamination levels are found to inhibit the
metals extraction process.  Bioremediation is more
effective if the metal concentrations in the soil are
sufficiently low so as not to inhibit microbial activity.
However, even in the  presence  of inhibitory metal
concentrations, a microbe population may be enriched
to perform the necessary bioremediation.
           Soil handling requirements for both stages are similar,
           so unit  operations are fully reversible.   The final
           treatment products are a recovered metal or metal salt,
           biodegraded organic  compounds, and  clean  soil.
           Contaminated  soil is  first exposed  to  a leachant
           solution and classified by particle size  (see figure
           below).   Size  classification allows oversized rock,
           gravel, and sand to be  quickly cleaned and separated
           from the sediment fines (such as silt, clay, and humus),
           which require  longer leaching times.   Typically,
           organic pollutants are also attached to the fines.

           After dissolution of the metal compounds, metal ions
           such as zinc, lead, and cadmium are removed from the
           aqueous leachate by liquid ion exchange, resin ion
           exchange, or reduction.   At this point, the aqueous
           leaching solution is freed of metals and can be reused
           to leach additional metal from the contaminated soil.
           If an extraction agent is used, it is later stripped of the
                           Leachant
                                                               Leachant Recycle
                                                                                         Metal
              Clean
               Soil
                                     Bioaugment
                                      Fertilizer
                                      pH Adjust
                     Bioremediation
                                                     Water cycle
                                                                        Water
                                                                   Carbon Dioxide

                                      Metal Leaching and Bioremediation Process
 Page 24
The SrTE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                      February 2003
                                                                                  Completed Project
bound metal and the agent is fully regenerated and
recycled.  Heavy metals are recovered in a saleable,
concentrated form as solid metal or a metal salt.  The
method of metals recovery depends on the metals
present and their concentrations.

After metals extraction is complete, the "mud" slurry
settles and is neutralized. Liquids are returned to the
classifier, and the partially treated soil is transferred to
a slurry bioreactor, a slurry-phase treatment lagoon, or
a closed land treatment cell for bioremediation.  The
soil and the residual leachate solution are treated to
maximize contaminant biodegradation.  Nutrients are
added to support microbial growth, and  the most
readily   biodegradable  organic  compounds  are
aerobically degraded.

Bench-scale tests  indicate that  this  process can
remediate a variety of heavy metals  and organic
pollutants.  The combined process is less expensive
than separate metalsremoval and organic remediation.

WASTE APPLICABILITY:

This  remediation  process  is  intended  to  treat
combined-waste soils contaminated by heavy metals
and organic compounds.   The  process  can  treat
contaminants  including lead,  cadmium,  zinc,  and
copper,  as well as  petroleum  hydrocarbons  and
polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons that are subject to
aerobic microbial degradation. The combined process
can also be modified to extract mercury and other
metals, and to degrade more recalcitrant halogenated
hydrocarbons.
STATUS:

This remediation process was accepted into the SITE
Emerging Technology Program  in August  1992.
Bench- and pilot-scale testing of the bioremediation
process is complete.  A full-scale  field test  of the
metals extraction process was completed under the
Demonstration Program. For further information on
the full-scale process, refer to the profile in the
Demonstration Program section.

This  remediation process is no  longer available
through COGNIS, Inc. For further information about
the process, contact the EPA Project Manager.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Steven Rock
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
   Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH  45208
513-569-7149
Fax:513-569-7105
E-mail: rock.steven@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT
Bill Fristad
Cognis Inc.
2331 CircadianWay
Santa Rosa, CA 95407
248-583-9300
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                     Page 25

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                                        COGNIS,  INC.
                           (TERRAMET® Soil Remediation System)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The COGNIS, Inc. (COGNIS),  TERRAMET®  soil
remediation system leaches and recovers lead and
other metals from contaminated soil, dust, sludge, or
sediment.   The  system  uses a patented aqueous
leachantthat is optimized through treatability tests for
the soil and the target contaminant. TheTERRAMET8
system can treat  most types of lead contamination,
including metallic lead and lead salts and oxides. The
lead compounds are often tightly bound by fine soil
constituents such as clay, manganese and iron oxides,
and humus.

The figure  below  illustrates  the process.   A
pretreatment, physical separation stage may involve
dry screening to remove gross oversized material. The
soil can be separated into oversized (gravel), sand, and
fine (silt, clay, and humus) fractions. Soil, including
the oversized fraction,  is first washed.  Most lead
contamination  is  typically  associated with  fines
fraction,   and  this  fraction   is  subjected  to
countercurrent leaching to dissolve the adsorbed lead
and other heavy metal species. The sand fraction may
also contain  significant  lead,  especially if the
contamination is due to paniculate lead, such as that
found  in battery recycling, ammunition burning, and
           scrap yard activities. In this case, the sand fraction is
           pretreated to  remove  dense  metallic or magnetic
           materials before subjecting  the  sand  fraction to
           countercurrent leaching. Sand and fines can be treated
           in separate parallel streams.

           After dissolution of the lead and  other heavy metal
           contaminants, the metal ions are recovered from the
           aqueous leachate by a metal recovery process such as
           reduction, liquid ion exchange, resin ion exchange, or
           precipitation.  The metal recovery technique depends
           on the  metals to be  recovered  and the leachant
           employed. In most cases, a patented reduction process
           is used so that the metals are recovered in a compact
           form suitable for recycling.   After the metals  are
           recovered, the leachant can  be reused within the
           TERRAMET8 system for continued leaching.

           Important characteristics of the TERRAMET8 leaching/
           recovery combination are as follows:
           (1) the leachant is tailored to the substrate and the
           contaminant; (2) the leachant is fully recycled within
           the treatment plant; (3) treated soil can be returned on
           site;  (4)  all soil fractions can be  treated; (5) end
           products include treated soil and recycled metal; and
           (6) no waste is generated during processing.
                      Physical Separation Stage
Contemplated !__.
Soil I

TERRAMET® Chemk
Soil Rnes From 	
Separation Stage
Sand From 	 ,
Separation Stage
Feeder) 	 •^Tror
Dewaterec
+1/4'
Oversize
.al Leaching SL
_| Leach |
	 •*] Circuit
Lead-Loaded
Leachant
J Leach
• ^\ Circuit

age
-^ —

„__,! 	 _J Separation 1 "IBSn_J7^u^<;^, | __ Soil Fines to
nmeU — n Chamber | — [warmerj Leaching Circi

-1/4-
-t-aoomesh
I 	 »- Organic Mater
Density 1 	 _J Dewatering t^ Sand to
Separatjon | ~ Sand Screw f" Leaching Circt


M Dewate
CtHttiili
I 	 ,

ring I 	
ge p
Lead- Free
Leachant
	 J Dewataring 1 	
" SandScrew ]


Lead Concentrate
"• to Recyder
— -{aw
Li
^~ri ^_ Clean, Dewat
	 1 Neutralized S
me
                                                      Lead Concentrate
                                                        to Recyder
                               TERRAMET® Soil Remediation System
 Page 26
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                    February 2003
                                                                                Completed Proiect
 WASTE APPLICABILITY:

 The COGNIS TERRAMET® soil remediation system can
 treat soil, sediment, and sludge contaminated by lead
 and  other  heavy  metals  or  metal  mixtures.
 Appropriate sites include contaminated ammunition
 testing areas, firing ranges, battery recycling centers,
 scrap  yards, metal plating shops,  and  chemical
 manufacturers. Certain lead compounds, such as lead
 sulfide, are not amenable to treatment because of their
 exceedingly low solubilities.  The system can  be
 modified to leach and recover other metals, such  as
 cadmium, zinc, copper, and mercury, from soils.

 STATUS:

 This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
 Technology  Program in  August 1992.  Based on
 results from the Emerging Technology Program, the
 technology was accepted into the SITE Demonstration
 Program in 1994. The demonstration took place at the
 Twin Cities Army Ammunition Plant (TCAAP) Site F
 during August 1994.  The  TERRAMET® system was
 evaluated during afull-scaleremediationconducted by
 COGNIS at TCAAP. The full-scale system was linked
 with a soil  washing process developed by Brice
 Environmental Services  Corporation (BESCORP).
 The system treated  soil at a rate of 12 to 15 tons per
 hour.  An Innovative Technology Evaluation Report
 describing the demonstration and its results will be
 available in 1998.

 The TERRAMET* system is now available through Doe
 Run, Inc. (see contact information below). For further
 information about the development of the system,
 contact  the  Dr.  William  Fristad  (see  contact
 information below).  For  further information on the
BESCORP soil washing process, refer to the profile in
the Demonstration  Program  section  (completed
projects).
 DEMONSTRATION RESULTS:

 Lead levels in the feed soil ranged from 380 to 1,800
 milligrams per  kilogram (mg/kg).   Lead levels in
 untreated and treated fines ranged from 210 to  780
 mg/kg and  from 50 to  190  mg/kg, respectively.
 Average removal efficiencies for lead were about 75
 percent.  The TERRAMET® and BESCORP processes
 operated smoothly at a feed rate of 12 to 15 tons per
 hour.  Size separation using the BESCORP process
 proved to be effective and reduced the lead load to the
 TERRAMET8  leaching process by 39 to 63 percent.
 Leaching solution was recycled, and lead concentrates
 were delivered to a lead smelting facility. The cost of
 treating contaminated soil at the TCAAP site using the
 COGNIS and BESCORP processes is about $200 per
 ton of treated soil, based on treatment of 10,000 tons
 of soil.  This cost  includes the cost of removing
 ordnance from the soil.

 FOR  FURTHER INFORMATION:

 EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
 Michael Royer
 U.S. EPA
 National Risk Management Research
  Laboratory
 2890 Woodbridge Avenue, MS-104
 Edison, NJ 08837-3679
 732-321-6633
 Fax:732-321-6640
 E-mail: royer.michael@epa.gov

 TECHNOLOGY CONTACT
 Lou Magdits, TERRAMET* Manager
 Doe Run, Inc.
 Buick Resource Recycling Facility
HwyKK
HC 1 Box 1395
Boss, MO 65440
573-626-3476
Fax:  573-626-3405
E-mail: lmagdits@misn.com
                                        The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                          approve or endorse technologies.
                                    Page 27

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                  COLORADO DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC
                         HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT
                          (Constructed Wetlands-Based Treatment)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The constructed wetlands-based treatment technology
uses  natural  geochemical  and  microbiological
processes inherent in an artificial wetland ecosystem
to accumulate and remove metals from influent waters.
The treatment system incorporates principal ecosystem
components  found in wetlands,  such as organic
materials (substrate), microbial fauna, and algae.

Influent waters with high metal  concentrations flow
through the aerobic  and anaerobic  zones of the
wetland ecosystem.  Metals are removed by ion
exchange, adsorption, absorption, and precipitation
through geochemical and microbial  oxidation and
reduction. Ion exchange occurs as metals in the water
contact humic or other organic substances in the soil
medium. Oxidation and reduction reactions that occur
in the aerobic  and anaerobic zones,  respectively,
precipitate  metals  as hydroxides  and  sulfides.
Precipitated and adsorbed metals settle in  quiescent
ponds  or are filtered  out as the water percolates
through the soil or substrate.
          WASTE APPLICABILITY:

          The constructed wetlands-based treatment process is
          suitable for acid mine drainage from metal or coal
          mining activities. These wastes typically contain high
          concentrations of metals and low  pH.  Wetlands
          treatment  has been applied with some success to
          wastewater in the eastern United States.  The process
          may have to be adjusted to account for differences in
          geology, terrain, trace metal composition, and climate
          in the metal mining regions of the  western United
          States.

          STATUS:

          Based on  the results of tests conducted during the
          SITE Emerging Technology  Program (ETP), the
          constructed wetlands-based treatment process was
          selected for the SITE Demonstration Program in 1991.
          Results from the ETP tests indicated an average
          removal rate of 50 percent for metals.  For further
          information  on the ETP evaluation, refer to  the
          Emerging  Technology  Summary  (EPA/540/SR-
                            7oz. GEOFABR1C

                            GEOGRID


                            70Z.GEOFABRI
                            PERF. EFFLUENT
                            PIPING TIE TO
                            GEOGRID
                                                SUBSTRATE.
                            HOPE UNER
                            GEOSYNTHETIC
                            CLAY UNER
                            160Z.GEOFABRIC-
                         Schematic Cross Section of Pilot-Scale Upflow Cell
 Page 28
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                     February 2Q03
                                                                                 Completed Project
 93/523),   the   Emerging  Technology  Report
 (EPA/540/R-93/523), or the Emerging Technology
 Bulletin (EPA/540/ F-92/001), which are available
 from EPA.

 This technology was in operation from  1993 to May
 1999. It has been discontinued.

 DEMONSTRATION RESULTS:

 Studies under the Demonstration Program evaluated
 process  effectiveness,  toxicity  reduction,  and
 biogeochemicat processes at the Burleigh Tunnel, near
 Silver Plume, Colorado. Treatment of mine discharge
 from the Burleigh Tunnel is part of the remedy for the
 ClearCreek/CentralCitySuperfundsite. Construction
 of a pilot-scale treatment system began in summer
 1993 and  was completed in November 1993.  The
 pilot-scale  treatment system  covered  about 4,200
 square feet and consisted of an upflow cell (see figure
 on previous page) and a downflow cell.  Each cell
 treats about 7 gallons per minute of flow. Preliminary
 results indicated high removal efficiency (between 80
 to 90 percent) for zinc, the primary contaminant in the
 discharge  during summer operation.  Zinc removal
 during the first winter of operation ranged from 60 to
 80 percent.

 Removal efficiency of dissolved zinc for the upflow
 cell between March and September remained above 90
 percent; however, the removal efficiency between
 September and December 1994 declined to 84 percent
 due to the reduction in microbial activity in the winter
 months. The removal efficiency in the downflow cell
 dropped to 68 percent in the winter months and was
 between 70 and 80 percent during the summermonths.
 The 1995 removal efficiency of dissolved zinc for the
 upflow cell declined from 84  percent  to below 50
 percent  due  to  substrate hydrologic  problems
 originating from attempts to insulate this unit during
the summer months. A dramatic upset  event in the
 spring of 1995 sent about four times the design flow
through the upflow cell, along with a heavy zinc load.
The heavy zinc load was toxic to the upflow cell and
it never recovered to previous performance levels.
Since the upset event, removal efficiency remainedat
or near 50 percent.
The 1995 removal efficiency of the downflow cell
declined from 80 percent during the summer months
to 63 percent during winter, again a result of reduced
microbial activity.  The 1996 removal efficiency of
dissolved zinc  calculated  for  the  downflow cell
increased from a January low of 63 percent to over 95
percent from May through August. The increase in the
downflow removal efficiency is related to reduced
flow rates through the downflow substrate, translating
to increased residence time.

The SITE demonstration was completed in mid-1998,
and the cells were decommissioned in August 1998.
An Innovative Technology Evaluation Report for the
demonstration will be available in 1999.  Information
on the technology can be obtained  through below-
listed sources.

FOR FURTHER
INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Edward Bates
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
  Laboratory
26 West Martin  Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7774 Fax:513-569-7676
e-mail: bates.edward@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
James Lewis
Colorado Department of Public Health and
  Environment
4300 Cherry Creek Drive South
HMWMD-RP-B2
Denver, CO 80220-1530
303-692-3390 Fax: 303-759-5355
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                    Page 29

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                        CONCURRENT TECHNOLOGIES
                    (formerly Center for Hazardous Materials Research)
                             (Acid Extraction Treatment System)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The acid extraction treatment system  (AETS) uses
hydrochloric acid to extract heavy metal contaminants
from soils. Following treatment, the clean soil may be
returned to the site or used as fill.

A simplified  block flow diagram of the AETS is
shown below.  First, soils are  screened to remove
coarse solids. These solids, typically greater than 4
millimeters in size, are relatively clean and require at
most a simple rinse with water or detergent to remove
smaller attached particles.

After coarse particle removal, the remaining soil is
scrubbed  in  an  attrition  scrubber to  break  up
agglomerates and cleanse surfaces. Hydrochloric acid
is then introduced into the soil in the extraction unit.
The residence time in the unit varies depending on the
soil   type,  contaminants,  and   contaminant
concentrations, but generally ranges between 10 and
40  minutes.    The   soil-extractant  mixture  is
continuously pumped out of the mixing tank, and the
soil and extractantare separated using hydrocyclones.
           When extraction is complete, the solids are transferred
           to the rinse system. The soils are rinsed with water to
           remove entrained acid and metals.   The extraction
           solution  and rinse waters are regenerated  using a
           proprietary technology that removes the metals and
           reforms the acid. The heavy metals are concentrated
           in a form potentially suitable for recovery. During the
           final step, the soils are mixed with lime and fertilizer
           to neutralize any residual acid. No wastewater streams
           are generated by the process.

           WASTE APPLICABILITY:

           The main application of AETS is extraction of heavy
           metals from soils. The system has been tested using a
           variety of  soils containing  one or more  of  the
           following: arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead,
           nickel, and zinc. The treatment capacity is expected to
           range up to 30 tons per hour. AETS can treat all soil
           fractions, including fines.

           The major residuals from AETS treatment include the
           cleaned soil, which -is suitable for fill or for return to
           the site, and the heavy metal concentrate. Depending
           on the concentration of heavy metals, the mixtures of
           heavy metals found at the site, and the  presence of
           other compounds (calcium, sodium) with the metals,
           heavy metals may be  reclaimed from the concentrate.
                            CONTAMINATED
                                SOIL
                                                         COARSE SOIL
                                                         PARTICLES
                                                               HEAVY
                                                       TREATED METALS
                                                         SOIL
                         Acid Extraction Treatment System (AETS) Process
Page 30
The SITE Program assesses bul does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                     February 2003
                                                                                 Completed Project
STATUS:
Under the Emerging Technology Program, laboratory-
scale and bench-scale tests were conducted to develop
the AETS technology.  The bench-scale pilot system
was  constructed to  process  between 20  and 100
kilograms of soil per hour.  Five soils were tested,
including an EPA synthetic soil matrix (SSM) and
soils from  four  Superfund  sites,  including NL
Industries in Pedricktown,  New Jersey;  King of
Prussia site in Winslow Township, New Jersey; a
smelter site in Butte, Montana; and Palmerton Zinc
site in Palmerton, Pennsylvania. These soils contained
elevated  concentrations of  some or all  of the
following: arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead,
nickel, and zinc. The table below summarizes soil
treatability  results  based on the EPA Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) hazardous
waste requirements for toxicity characteristic leaching
procedure (TCLP) and the California standards for
total metal concentrations. The Emerging Technology
Report   (EPA/540/R-94/513)  and  Emerging
Technology  Summary  (EPA/540/ SR-94/513) are
available from EPA.

The results of the study are summarized below:

• AETS can treat a wide range of soils containing a
  wide range of heavy metals to reduce the TCLP
  below the RCRA limit. AETS can also reduce the
  total metals concentrations below the California-
  mandated total metals limitations.
• In most cases, AETS can treat the  entire soil,
  without separate stabilization and disposal for
  fines or clay particles, to the required TCLP and
  total metal limits.  The only exception was the
  SSM, which may  require separate stabilization
  and disposal of 20 percent of the soil to reduce
  the total TCLP lead concentrationsappropriately.
  However,  AETS  successfully treated arsenic,
  cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel, and zinc in
  the soil.
  Treatment costs under expected process conditions
  range from $100 to $180 per cubic yard of soil,
  depending  on  the site  size, soil  types,  and
  contaminant  concentrations.    Operating  costs
  ranged from $50 to $80 per cubic yard.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
George Moore
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
  Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7991
Fax:513-569-7276
E-mail: moore.george@epa.gove

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Brian Bosilovich
Concurrent Technologies Corporation
320 William Pitt Way
Pittsburgh, PA 15238
412-577-2662, ext. 230
Fax:412-826-5552
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                    Page 31

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                                                   EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                        CONCURRENT TECHNOLOGIES
                     (formerly Center for Hazardous Materials Research)
                       (Organics Destruction and Metals Stabilization)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

This technology is  designed to destroy  hazardous
organics  in  soils while simultaneously  stabilizing
metals and metal ions (see figure  below).   The
technology causes contaminated liquids,  soils, and
sludges to react with elemental  sulfur at  elevated
temperatures.   All  organic compounds  react with
sulfur. Hydrocarbons are converted to an inert carbon-
sulfur powdered residue and hydrogen sulfide gas;
treated    chlorinated  hydrocarbons also  produce
           hydrochloric acid gas. These acid gases are recovered
           from the off-gases. The hydrogen sulfide is oxidized
           in a conventional acid gas treating unit (such as ARI
           Technologies LO-CAT™), recovering the sulfur for
           reuse.
           In  addition to  destroying organic  compounds, the
           technology converts heavy metals to sulfides, which
           are rendered less leachable. If required, the sulfides
           can be further stabilized before disposal. Thus, heavy
           metals can be stabilized in the same process step as the
           organics destruction. The technology's main process
                                                 Treated
                                                  Gas
        Makeup
         Sulfur
            Recovered Sulfur
          Sulfur
  Vapor
  Section
                                           Reactor
                                           Preheater
                                            Section
                      Treated Solids
                        Processing
Treated
  Soil
                                   Organics Destruction and Metals Stabilization
Page 32
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                      February 2003
                                                                                  Completed Project
components consist of the following:

•  A prereaction mixer where the solid and reagent
   are mixed
•  An  indirectly  heated,  enclosed reactor  that
   includes a preheater section to drive off water, and
   two integrated reactor sections  to react liquid
   sulfur with the solids and further react desorbed
   organic compounds with vapor-phase sulfur
•  An acid gas treatment system that removes the
   acid gases  and recovers sulfur by oxidizing the
   hydrogen sulfide
   A treated  solids  processing unit that recovers
   excess reagent and prepares the treated product to
   comply with on-site disposal requirements

Initial  pilot-scale  testing of  the  technology has
demonstrated  that organic  contaminants can  be
destroyed in the vapor phase with elemental sulfur.
Tetrachloroethene,   trichloroethene,  and
polychlorinated biphenyls were among the organic
compounds destroyed.

Batch treatability tests of contaminated soil mixtures
have   demonstrated   organics  destruction   and
immobilization  of  various  heavy   metals.
Immobilization of heavy metals is determined by the
concentration of the metals in leachate compared to
EPA toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP)
regulatory limits.  Following treatment,  cadmium,
copper, lead,  nickel,  and zinc were  significantly
reduced compared to TCLP values. In treatability tests
with approximately 700 parts per million of Aroclor
1260, destruction levels of 99.0 to 99.95 percent were
achieved. Destruction of a pesticide, malathion, was
also demonstrated. The process was also demonstrated
to be effective on soil from manufactured gas plants,
containing a wide range of polynuclear aromatics.
The  current tests  are  providing  a more  detailed
definition of the process limits, metal concentrations,
and soil types required for stabilization of various
heavy metals to meet the limits specified by TCLP. In
addition, several process enhancements are being
evaluated to expand the range of applicability.

WASTE APPLICABILITY:

The technology is applicable to soils and sediments
contaminated with both organics and heavy metals.

STATUS:

This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology Program in January 1993.  Bench-scale
testing in batch reactors was completed in 1993.  The
pilot-scale program was directed at integrating the
process  concepts  and obtaining  process data in a
continuous unit. The program was completed in  1995
and the Emerging Technology Report was made
available in 1997.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Randy Parker
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
   Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH  45268
513-569-7271
Fax:513-569-7571
e-mail: parker.randy@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Brian Bosilovich
Concurrent Technologies Corporation
320 William Pitt Way
Pittsburgh, PA  15238
412-577-2662, ext.230
Fax:412-826-5552
                                          The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                            approve or endorse technologies.
                                     Page 33

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                                                   EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                         CONCURRENT TECHNOLOGIES
                     (formerly Center for Hazardous Materials Research)
                               (Smelting Lead-Containing Waste)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

Secondary lead smelting is a proven technology that
reclaims lead from lead-acid battery waste sites.  The
Concurrent  Technologies  and Exide  Corporation
(Exide) have demonstrated the use of secondary lead
smelting to reclaim usable lead from various types of
waste  materials  from  Superfund and other lead-
containing sites.   Reclamation of lead is based on
existing  lead  smelting  procedures   and  basic
pyrometallurgy.

The figure  below  is  a  generalized  process flow
diagram.  Waste material  is first excavated from
Superfund sites or collected from other sources.  The
waste is then preprocessedto reduce particle size and
to remove rocks, soil, and other  debris.  Next, the
waste is transported to the smelter.

At the smelter, waste is fed to reverberatory or blast
furnaces, depending on  particle size or lead content.
The two reverberatory  furnaces normally treat lead
from waste lead-acid batteries, as well as other lead-
containing material.  The  furnaces are periodically
tapped to remove slag, which contains 60 to 70 percent
lead, and a soft pure lead product.
           The two blast furnaces treat slag generated from the
           reverberatory furnaces, as well as larger- sized lead-
           containing waste.    These furnaces  are  tapped
           continuously  for  lead and tapped  intermittently to
           remove slag, which is

           transportedoffsitefordisposal. The reverberatory and
           blast furnace combination at Exide can reclaim lead
           from batteries and waste with greater than 99 percent
           efficiency.

           WASTE APPLICABILITY:

           The process has been demonstrated to reclaim  lead
           from a variety of solid materials, including  rubber
           battery case material,  lead dross, iron shot abrasive
           blasting material, and wood from demolition of houses
           coated with lead paint. The technology is applicable
           to solid wastes containing more than 2 percent lead,
           provided that they do not contain excessive amounts of
           calcium,  silica,   aluminum,   or  other   similar
           constituents. Explosive and flammable liquids  cannot
           be processed in the furnace. As tested, this technology
           is not applicable to soil remediation.
                          EXCAVATION OR
                           COLLECTION
PREPROCESSING
TRANSPORT OF MATERIAL
                                        ROCKS, SOILS, DEBRIS
                                                          1DO
                                     LEAD TO
                                     BATTERY
                                      PLANT
                               SLAG TO DISPOSAL
SMELTER




. S


REV
FUR
LAli
1
ERB
4ACE
•
FURNACE

*->
OR
*-




                                        Smelting Lead-Containing Waste Process
Page 34
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                    February 2003
                                                                                Completed Project
STATUS:

This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology Program in July 1991. Field work for the
project was completed in February 1993.

The  process was tested at three  Superfund  sites.
Materials obtained from two additional sites were also
used for these tests.   Results  from the Emerging
Technology Program, presented in  the table below,
show that the process is applicable to waste materials
at each  site and economically feasible for all but
demolition  material.   The Emerging Technology
Bulletin  (EPA/540/F-94/510),  the  Emerging
Technology Summary (EPA/540/ SR-95/504), and the
EmergingTechnologyReport(EPA/540/R-95/504)are
available from EPA.  An article about the technology
was  also published by the Journal of Hazardous
Materials in February 1995.

Specific technical problems encountered included (1)
loss  of furnace production due to  material buildup
within the furnaces, (2) breakdowns in the feed system
due to mechanical overloads, and (3)  increased oxygen
demands inside the furnaces.  All of these problems
were solved by adjusting material feed rates or furnace
parameters.    Based  on  these tests,  Concurrent
Technologies  has concluded  that secondary lead
smelting is an economical method of reclaiming lead
from lead-containing  waste  material  collected  at
Superfund sites and other sources.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Bill Fritch
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
  Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7659
Fax:513-569-7105

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Brian Bosilovich
Concurrent Technologies Corporation
320 William Pitt Way
Pittsburgh, PA  15238
412-577-2662, ext 230
Fax:412-826-5552
Source of Material/
Type of Material Tested
Tonolli Superfund site (PA)/
Battery cases
Hebalka Superfund site (PA)/
Battery cases
Pedricktown Superfund site (NJy
Battery cases; lead dross, residue, and
debris
%
Lead
3 to 7
10
45
Economical
*
Yes
Yes
Yes
Test Results
Lead can be reclaimed in secondary lead smelter;
incorporated into regular blast furnace feed stock.
Lead can be reclaimed in secondary lead smelter;
reduced in size and incorporated into regular
reverberatory furnace feed stock.
Lead can be reclaimed in secondary lead smelter;
screened and incorporated into regular reverberator
and blast furnace feed stocks.
              Results from Field Tests of the Smelting Lead-Containing Waste Technology
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                                                                         Page 35

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 Techriolo"
EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                             EBERLINE SERVICES, INC.
                (formerly Thermo Nutech, Inc./TMA Thermo Analytical, Inc.)
                                    (Segmented Gate System)
 TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

 Eberline  Services,  Inc.   has   conducted  many
 radiological surveys of soil contaminated with low and
 intermediate levels of radioactivity. Cleanup of these
 sites  is a highly  labor-intensive  process  requiring
 numerous personnel to conduct radiological surveys
 with   portable   handheld  instruments.  When
 contamination is encountered, an attempt is made to
 manually excise it When surveys disclose larger areas
 of contamination, heavy equipmentis used to remove
 the contaminated  material. Since  pinpoint  excision
 with earthmoving equipment is difficult, large amounts
 of uncontaminated soil  are removed along with the
 contaminant.  Few sites  have been characterized as
 uniformly and/or homogeneously contaminated above
 release criteria over the entire site area.
  As  a  result,  Eberline  Services  developed  the
  Segmented Gate System (SGS)to physically separate
  and  segregate  radioactive material from otherwise
  "clean" soil (see figure below). The SGS removes only
  a minimal amount of clean  soil with the radioactive
  particles, significantlyreducing the overall amount of
  material  requiring disposal. The  SGS works  by
  conveying radiologically contaminated feed material
  on moving conveyor belts under an array of sensitive,
  rapidly reacting  radiation  detectors. The  moving
  material is assayed, and the radioactivity content is
  logged. Copyrighted computer software tracks the
  radioactive material as  it  is transported  by  the
  conveyor and triggers a diversion by one or more of
  the SGS chutes when the material reaches the end of
  the conveyor. Clean soil goes in one direction, and the
  contaminated material in another.
                             EXCAVATE  CONTAMINATED SOIL
                                                           BACKFILL WITH BELOW CRITERIA SOIL
                                                                         ^O_i
                                                                         (©>-iH©>
       PRE-SCREEN  '
    CONTAMINATED SOIL
       IF REQUIRED
                            BELOW CRITERIA
                                       SEGMENTED GATE SYSTEM
                           ^ SOIL PREP          \          STACKER
                      REDUCED VOLUME OF ABOVE  CRITERIA SOIL TO  DISPOSAL
Page 36
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                      February 2003
                                                                                  Completed Project
The key advantage to this system is automation, which
affords a much higher degree of accuracy compared to
manual methods.  Contaminants can be isolated and
removed by locating small particles of radioactive
material dispersed throughout the soil. All of the soil
is  analyzed  continuously  during  processing  to
document the level of radioactivity in the waste and to
demonstrate that cleaned soil  meets  release criteria.
This automation and analysis results in a significant
cost reduction for special handling, packaging, and
disposal of the site's radioactive waste.

The SGS locates, analyzes, and removes gamma-ray-
emitting radionuclides from soil, sand, dry sludge, or
any host matrix that can be transported by conveyor
belts.  The SGS can identify hot particles, which are
assayed in units of picoCuries (pCi), and can quantify
distributed radioactivity, which is assayed in units of
pCi per gram (pCi/g) of host material. The lower limit
of detection (LLD)  for the  system depends on the
ambient radiation  background, conveyor belt speed,
thickness  of  host  material  on  conveyor,   and
contaminant gamma ray energy  and  abundance.
However,  LLDs of 2 pCi/g for americium-241  and
4  pCi/g  for  radium-226 have been  successfully
demonstrated.

STATUS:

This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology Program in July 1994. Pilot- and field-
scale tests using Eberline Services' mobile equipment
were initiated at a U.S. Department of Energy facility
in March 1995.

A field test at the DOE site  in Ashtabula, Ohio was
conducted in October 1998. Soil containing thotium-
232, radium-226, and uranium-238 was processed.
A similar system was operated by Eberline Services on
Johnston Atoll in the mid-Pacific from January 1992
until  November 1999 under contract  to the U.S.
Defense Threat Reduction Agency to process coral soil
contaminated with plutonium and americium. The
mobile SGS used at Ashtabula has also been deployed
under the Department of Energy, Accelerated Site
Technology  Demonstration  Program  at  Sandia
National  Laboratories,  Los  Alamos  National
Laboratory, Pantex Plant, Nevada Test Site-Tonapah
Test  Range,  Idaho  National  Engineering  and
Environmental Laboratory, and Brookhaven National
Laboratory.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Vince Gallardo,
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
  Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7176
Fax:513-569-7620
E-mail:  gallardo.vincente@epamail.epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY CONTACT:
Joseph W. Kimbrell,
Eberline Services, Inc.
4501 Indian School Road, NE, Ste.  105
Albuquerque, NM 87110-3929
505-262-2694
Fax: 505-262-2698
Email: jkimbrell@eberlineservices.com
      www.eberl ineservices. com
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                     Page 37

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                              ELECTROKINETICS, INC.
                     (In Situ Bioremediation by Electrokinetic Injection)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

In situ bioremediation is the process of introducing
nutrients into biologically active zones (BAZ).  The
nutrients  are  usually  introduced  by   pumping
recirculatedgroundwater through the BAZ, relying on
hydraulic gradients or the permeability of the BAZ.
However, heterogeneous aquifers  often hinder the
introduction of the nutrients. For example, areas with
higher permeability result in preferential flow paths,
leading to incomplete biological treatment in  other
areas.  The inability to uniformly introduce nutrients
and  other  additives, such   as  surfactants  and
cometabolites,  is recognized  as  a hindrance  to
successful implementation of in situ bioremediation.

Electrokinetics, Inc.  (Electrokinetics), has developed
an  electrokinetic   remediation   technology  that
stimulates and sustains in situ bioremediation for the
treatment of organics.
          The  technology  involves  applying  to  soil  or
          groundwater a low-level direct current (DC) electrical
          potential difference or an electrical current using
          electrodes  placed  in  an  open  or  closed  flow
          arrangement. Groundwater or an externally supplied
          processing fluid is used as the conductive medium.
          The low-level  DC  causes physical,  chemical and
          hydrological  changes in both  the waste and the
          conductive  medium,  thereby enabling  uniform
          transport of process additives and nutrients into the
          BAZ. The process is illustrated in the diagram below.

          Electrokinetic soil  processing  technologies  were
          designed  to  overcome  problems  associated  with
          heterogeneous aquifers, especially those problems that
          result  in  incomplete biological  treatment.   For
          example, the rate of nutrient and additive transport
          under electrical gradients is at least one order of
          magnitude greater than that achieved under hydraulic
          gradients.
                                         Process Control bystem
                    Schematic Diagram of In Situ Bioremediation by Electrokinetic Injection
 Page 38
TTie SITE Program assesses but does no!
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                       February 2003
                                                                                   Completed Project
WASTE APPLICABILITY:

In situ electrokinetic injection can be used for any
waste   that  can   be  treated   by  conventional
bioremediation techniques. The Electrokinetics, Inc.
system facilitates in situ treatment of contaminated
subsurface  deposits, sediments, and  sludges.   The
technology can also be engineered to remove inorganic
compounds  through  electromigration   and
electroosmosis, while process additives and nutrients
are  added  to  the  processing fluids to enhance
bioremediation of organic compounds.

STATUS:

This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology Program  in  1995.  Pilot-scale studies
under the Emerging Technology Program will be used
to develop operating parameters and to demonstrate
the efficiency and cost-effectivenessof the technology
during a full-scale application.  The SITE evaluation
may take place  in 1999 at a military base or a U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE) site.

In a Phase-I study conducted for DOE, Electrokinetics,
Inc., demonstrated that nutrient and process additives
could be transported in and across heterogeneous areas
in  aquifers at  rates  that  could  sustain  in-situ
bioremdiation. During the study, ion migration rates,
which were  on the order of 8 to 20 centimeters per
day, exceeded the electroosmotic rate,  even in a
kaolinite clay. The  ion migration also produced a
reasonably uniform distribution of inorganic nitrogen,
sulfur, and phosphorous additives across the soil mass
boundaries.    These  results  are  significant and
demonstrate that electrokinetic  injection techniques
may potentially be used for the injection of diverse
nutrients in low  permeability soils  as well  as
heterogeneous media.  Electrokinetics, Inc., recently
completed   bench-  and  pilot-scale  tests,  which
determined  the feasibility   of   enhancing  the
bioremediation of trichloroethylene and toluene by
electrokinetic injection.  The  process of  in situ
bioremediationby electrokinetic injection was inspired
by     extensive   research  work  conducted  by
Electrokinetics, Inc., usingthe electrochemicalprocess
to remediate soils contaminated with heavy metals and
radionuclides.  In 1994, Electrokinetics, Inc., was
commissioned by the U.S. Department  of Defense
(DoD) to  demonstrate  its technology  in  a lead-
contaminated creek bed at an inactive firing range in
Fort Polk, Louisiana.  The study was supported under
the U.S.  EPA SITE Demonstration Program.  This
pilot-scale field  demonstration represents the first
comprehensive  scientific study  worldwide  for the
application of electrokinetic separation  technology
applied to the remediation of heavy metals in soils.
Electrokinetics, Inc., successfully removed up to 98
percent of the lead from  the firing range soil and
receivedthe 1996 Small Business Innovation Research
(SBIR) Phase II  Quality  Award from DoD  for
technical achievement.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Randy Parker
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
  Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7271
Fax:513-569-7571

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Elif Chiasson
President
Electrokinetics, Inc.
11552 Cedar Park Avenue
Baton Rouge, LA 70809
225-753-8004
Fax: 225-753-0028
E-mail: chiasson@,pipeline.com
                                          The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                            approve or endorse technologies.
                                      Page 39

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                              ELECTROKINETICS, INC.
                                 (Electrokinetic Soil Processing)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

Electrokinetics, Inc.'s, soil processes extract  or
remediate heavy metals and organic contaminants in
soils. The process can be applied in situ  or ex situ
with  suitable chemical  agents  to optimize the
remediation. For example, conditioning fluids such as
suitable acids may be used for electrode  (cathode)
depolarization to  enhance the  electrodeposition of
certain heavy metals.

The figure  below  illustrates  the  field-processing
scheme and the flow of ions to respective boreholes
(or trenches). The mechanism  of electrokinetic soil
remediation for the removal of toxic metals involves
the application of an electrical field across the soil
mass.    An  in-situ  generated  acid  causes the
solubilization of metal salts into the pore fluid. The
free ions are then transported through the soil by
electrical migration towards the electrode of opposing
charge.   Metal species with a positive charge  are
collected at the cathode, while species with a negative
charge are collected at the anode.
           An acid front migrates towards the negative electrode
           (cathode), and contaminants are extracted  through
           electroosmosis (EO)and electromigration(EM). The
           concurrent  mobility of the ions  and  pore fluid
           decontaminates the  soil   mass.    Electrokinetic
           remediation is extremely effective in fine-grained soils
           where other techniques such as pump and treat are not
           feasible.  This is due to the fact that the contaminants
           are transported under charged electrical fields and not
           hydraulic gradients.

           Bench-scale results show that the process works in
           both unsaturated and saturated soils.  Pore fluid flow
           moves from the positive electrodes (anodes) to the
           cathodes under the effect of the EO and EM forces.
           Electrode selection is important, since many metal or
           carbon anodes rapidly  dissolve after contact with
           strong oxidants. When the removal of a contaminant
           is not feasible, the metal can be stabilized in-situ by
           injecting   stabilizing   agents   or  creating   an
           electrokinetic "fence" (reactive treatment wall) that
           reacts with and immobilizes the contaminants.
                                          Process Control System
                                                                            Cathode
                                                                         BASE FRONT
                                                                        * and/or CATHODIC
                                                                         PROCESS FLUID
                                  Electrokinetic Remediation Process
Page 40
The SHE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                     February 2003
                                                                                 Completed Project
WASTE APPLICABILITY:

Electrokinetic soil processing extracts heavy metals,
radionuclides,and other inorganic contaminants below
their solubility limits.  During bench-scale testing, the
technology has removed arsenic, benzene, cadmium,
chromi-um,  copper,  ethylbenzene,  lead, mercury,
nickel, phenol, trichloroethylene, toluene, xylene, and
zinc from soils. Bench-scale studies under the SITE
Emerging Technology  Program  demonstrated  the
feasibility of removing uranium and  thorium from
kaolinite.

Limited pilot-scale field tests  resulted in  lead and
copper  removal from  clays   and  saturated  and
unsaturated sandy clay deposits.  Treatment efficiency
depended  on   the  specific  chemicals,  their
concentrations, and the buffering capacity of the soil.
The technique proved  85 to 95 percent efficientwhen
removing phenol at concentrations of 500 parts per
million (ppm).  In addition, removal efficiencies for
lead, chromium, cadmium, and uranium at levels up to
2,000 microgramsper gram ranged between 75 and 98
percent.
 STATUS:

 Based on results from  the Emerging Technology
 Program, the electrokinetic technology was invited in
 1994 to  participate in the  SITE  Demonstration
 Program.  For further information on the pilot-scale
 system, refer to the Emerging Technology Bulletin
 (EPA/540/F-95/504),  which  is  available   from
 EPA.The SITE demonstration began in July 1995 at an
 inactive  firing  range   at  the Fort  Polk  Army
 Ammunition Reservation in Louisiana. The soil at the
 site is contaminated with lead, copper, and zinc, which
 have  accumulated   over  several  decades.
 Concentrations  of lead in the  sandy  clay soil range
 from 1,000 to 5,000 ppm and are less than 100 ppm at
 a  3-foot depth.  A  20-foot  by  60-foot area was
 remediated to a depth of 3 feet. This demonstration
 represents the first comprehensive study in the United
 States of an   in  situ  electrokinetic separation
 technology  applied  to  heavy  metals  in  soils.
 Electrokinetics Inc. received the 1996 SBIR Phase II
 Quality Award from the Department of Defense for its
 technical achievement on this project.

 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

 EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
 Randy Parker
 U.S. EPA
 National Risk Management Research
  Laboratory
 26 West Martin Luther King Drive
 Cincinnati, OH  45268
 513-569-7271
 Fax: 513-569-7571
 e-mail: parker.randy@epa.gov

 TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACTS:
 El if Chiasson
 Electrokinetics,  Inc.
 11552 Cedar Park Ave.
Baton Rouge, LA 70809
225-753-8004
Fax:  225-753-0028
E-mail: chiasson@pipeline.com
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                     Page 41

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                                      ENERGIA, INC.
                         (Reductive Photo-Dechlorination Treatment)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The Reductive Photo-Dechlorination (RPD) treatment
uses ultraviolet (UV) light in a reducing atmosphere
and at moderate temperatures to treat waste streams
containingchlorinatedhydrocarbons(CIHC). Because
CIHCs are destroyed in a reducing environment, the
only products are hydrocarbons and hydrogen chloride
(HC1).

The RPD process is depicted in the figure below. The
process consists of five main units: (1) input/mixer (2)
photo-thermal chamber(3)HCl scrubber (4) separator
and (5) products storage and recycling.  Chlorinated
wastes may be introduced into the process in one of
three ways: vapor, liquid, or bound to an  adsorbent,
such as activated carbon.

Air laden with chlorocarbon vapors is first passed
through a  condenser, which  removes chlorinated
materials as liquids. Chlorocarbon liquids are fed into
a vaporizer, mixed with a reducing gas, and passed
into the photo-thermal chamber. Chlorinated contami-
nants adsorbed onto activated carbon are purged with
reducing gas and mildly heated to induce vaporization.
The ensuing vapors are then fed into the photo-thermal
chamber.

The photo-thermal chamber is the heart of the RPD
process because all  reactions central to the process
occur in this chamber. Saturated, olefmic, or aromatic
chlorocarbons with one ormorecarbon-chlorinebonds
are exposed to UV light, heat, and a reducing
           atmosphere,  such as  hydrogen gas  or methane.
           According to ENERGIA, Inc., carbon-chlorine bonds
           are   broken,  resulting  in   chain-propagating
           hydrocarbon reactions.  Chlorine atoms are eventually
           stabilized as HC1,  which is easily removed in a
           scrubber.  Hydrocarbons may hold their original
           structures, rearrange, cleave, couple, or go through
           additional hydrogenation.  Hydrocarbons produced
           from the dechlorination of wastes include  ethane,
           acetylene,  ethene,   and  methane.     Valuable
           hydrocarbon products can be stored, sold, orrecycled
           as auxiliary fuel to heat the photo-thermal chamber.

           WASTE APPLICABILITY:

           The RPD process is designed  specifically to treat
           volatile chlorinated wastes in the liquid, gaseous, or
           adsorbed states.  The  RPD  process was tested on
           methyl chloride, dichloromethane(DCM), chloroform,
           carbon  tetrachloride,   trichloroethane     (TCA),
           dichloroethene  (PCE), and trichloroethene (TCE).

           Field applications include treatment of organic wastes
           discharged from  soil  vapor  extraction   operations,
           vented from industrial hoods and stacks, and adsorbed
           on activated carbon.  The process can be used to (1)
           treat gas streams containing chlorinated hydrocarbons,
           and (2)   pretreat  gas  streams entering catalytic
           oxidation systems by reducing chlorine content and
           protecting   the  catalyst  against  poisoning.In
           comparison to other photo-thermal processes (such as
           reductive photo-thermal oxidation [RPTO] and photo-
                                        Reducing Gas
                         Reducing Gas
                          Make-up
                                  Reductive Photo-Dechlorination (RPD) Treatment
Page 42
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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 thermal oxidation [PTO]), the RPD process is mostly
 applicable to streams without air  and very high
 concentrations of contaminants (bulkdown to greater
 than 1 percent). At very low concentrations (parts per
 million) and in the presence of air, the other photo-
 thermal processes may more cos- effective.

 STATUS:

 Bench-scale experiments were conducted on several
 contaminants (such as DCM, DCE, TCA, and TCE).
 Measurementsofconcentrationsof parent compounds
 and products as a function of residence time were
 obtained  at several test conditions.   From  these
 measurements,  conversion   and  dechlorination
 efficiencies were determined at optimal operating
 conditions.

 Experimental results on a representative chlorocarbon
 contaminant  (TCA) are available in the Emerging
 Technology Bulletin (EPA/540/F-94/508).   Greater
 than 99 percent conversion and dechlorination were
 demonstrated  with  high  selectivity towards  two
 saleable hydrocarbon products, ethane and methane.
 Similar favorable results were obtained for  other
 saturated and unsaturated chlorocarbons treated by the
 RPD process.

 Results of a cost analysis based on experimental data
 indicate  that the RPD  process is  extremely  cost
 competitive.  For example, the cost of treating TCE
 concentrations of 1,000 ppm and 10,000 ppm is $ 1.10
 and $0.25 per pound treated, respectively.  The cost
 per 1,000 cubic feet of contaminated stream with
 1,000 ppm is $0.38 and $0.88, respectively.

 All technical data have been gathered and optimization
 has been completed. Design and assembly of a pilot-
 scale   prototype  are  underway.     The  field
demonstration  may  take place  during  1999.   The
developer is  seeking appropriate  sites for  field
demonstration.  After successful demonstration, the
RPD   process   will  be  ready  for  full-scale
commercialization.
 The RPD technology has successfully completed the
 bench-scale  developmental  stage.    Results  are
 documented  in the Emerging Technology Bulletin
 (EPA/540/F-94/508).  Experimental  results  on  a
 representative chlorocarbon contaminant (TCA) have
 demonstrated greater  than  99%  conversion and
 dechlorination, with high  selectivity towards two
 saleable hydrocarbon products, ethane and methane.
 Similar favorable results have been obtained for other
 saturated and unsaturated chlorocarbons treated by the
 RPD process. Preliminary cost analysis shows that the
 process is extremely  cost-competitive  with other
 remedial processes; the estimated cost is less than $1
 per pound of treated chlorocarbon.  Based on the
 bench-scale results,  a pilot-scale prototype unit has
 been designed and constructed. Currently, Energia is
 seeking funds to demonstrate the RPD technology with
 the pilot-scale system.  After a successful pilot-scale
 demonstration the RPD technology will be available
 for commercialization.

 These   processes   will   be  available  for
 commercialization  after the completion of the field
 demonstration.

 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

 EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
 Michelle Simon
 U.S. EPA
 National Risk Management Research
   Laboratory
 26 West Martin Luther King Drive
 Cincinnati, OH  45268
 513-569-7469     Fax: 513-569-7676
 e-mail: simon.michelle@epa.gov

 TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
 Dr. Moshe Lavid
Energia, Inc.
P.O. Box 470
Princeton,  NJ 08542-470
609-799-7970   Fax: 609-799-0312
e-mail: LavidEnergia@msn.com
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does Dot
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                     Page 43

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Technology Profile
       EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                                     ENERGIA, INC.
                (Reductive Thermal and Photo-Thermal Oxidation Processes
                         for Enhanced Conversion of Chlorocarbons)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

Two  innovative  processes,  Reductive  Thermal
Oxidation (RTO)  and Reductive  Photo-Thermal
Oxidation (RPTO), are designed to safely and cost-
effectively convert chlorinated hydrocarbons (C1HC)
into environmentally benign and useful materials in
the presence of a reducing atmosphere.  Both
processes have  evolved  from  Energia,  Inc.'s,
Reductive Photo-Dechlorination (RPD) technology,
which does not permit the presence of air (oxygen).

The RTO/RPTO processes treat air streams laden with
CIHCs.    RTO  converts   ClHCs   at  moderate
temperatures by cleaving carbon-chlorine bonds in the
absence of ultraviolet light.  RPTO operates under
similar conditions but in the  presence  of ultraviolet
light. Subsequent reactions between ensuing radicals
and the  reducing gas result in chain-propagation
reactions. The presence of air (oxygen) during the
conversion process acceleratesthe overall reaction rate
without significant oxidation.  The final products are
useful hydrocarbons (HC) and environmentally  safe
materials,  including  hydrogen  chloride,  carbon
dioxide, and water.
          The RTO/RPTO processes are shown in the figure
          below. The process consists of six main units:  (1)
          input/mixer (2) photo-thermal chamber (3) scrubber
          (4) separator  (5)  product  storage/sale  and  (6)
          conventional catalytic oxidation unit. Air laden with
          CIHCs is mixed with reducing  gas and passed into a
          photo-thermal  chamber,  which  is unique  to  the
          RTO/RPTO technology. In this chamber, the mixture
          is heated to moderate temperatures  to sustain  the
          radical chain reactions.  Depending on  the physical
          and chemical characteristics of the particular CIHCs
          being treated, conversion can take place in two ways:
          the RTO process is purely thermal, and the RPTO
          process is photo-thermal. After suitable residence
          time, HC1 is removed by passing the stream through an
          aqueous scrubber. The stream  can then  be treated in
          an optional second  stage, or it  can be separated and
          sent to storage.

          Excess reducing gas is recycled, and residual CIHCs,
          HCs,  and CO2 are either exhausted, or if needed,
          treated by catalytic oxidation.  Volatile hydrocarbons
          can also be recycled as an energy source for process
          heating, if partial  oxidation  at  the  photo-thermal
          chamber does not generate enough heat.
                                                Reducing Gas
                                      Reductive Thermal Oxidation (RTO)
                           and Photo-Thermal Oxidation (RPTO) Process
 Page 44
The SUE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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 WASTE APPLICABILITY:

 This  technology  is designed to remove volatile
 hydrocarbons from  air streams.  Field applications
 include direct treatment of air streams contaminated
 with chlorocarboris, wastes discharged from soil vapor
 extraction or vented from industrial hoods and stacks,
 and those absorbed on granularactivatedcarbon. MX.
 ENERGIA, Inc., claims that the process can also be
 applicable for  in  situ  treatment of sites containing
 contaminated surface waters and groundwaters.  The
 process has not yet been tested on these sites.

 STATUS

 This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
 Technology Program in July 1994. Laboratory-scale
 tests  were  conducted on  two  saturated CIHCs
 (dichloromethane  and  trichloroethane) and on  two
 representatives   of  unsaturated  CIHCs   (1,2-
 dichloroethene and trichloroethene). The RTO/RPTO
 processes  have  demonstrated  99%  or   more
 conversion/dechlorination   with  high  selectivity
 towards saleable hydrocarbon products (methane and
 ethane). Based on these results, a pilot-scale prototype
 has been designed and constructed. Preliminary pilot-
 scale tests have been performed and the results are
very encouraging.  Currently, funds are sought for a
comprehensive field demonstration with the pilot-scale
system, followed by performance evaluation and cost
analysis.

These  processes   will   be  available   for
commercialization after the  completion of the field
demonstration.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Michelle Simon
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
   Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7469
Fax:513-569-7676
E-mail:  simon.michelle@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Dr. Moshe Lavid
Energia, Inc.
P.O. Box 470
Princeton, NJ 08542-470
609-799-7970
Fax:609-799-0312
E-mail: LavidEnergia@msn.com
                                        The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                          approve or endorse technologies.
                                    Page 45

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                        ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL
                            RESEARCH CORPORATION
                                     (Reactor Filter System)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The Energy and Environmental Research Corporation
(EER) Reactor Filter System (RFS) technology is
designed to control gaseous and entrained participate
matter emissions from the primary thermal treatment
of sludges, soils, and sediments.  Most Superfund sites
are contaminated with toxic organic chemicals  and
metals. Currently available thermal treatment systems
for detoxifying these materials release products of
incomplete combustion (PIC)  and volatile toxic
metals.  Also, the large air pollution control devices
(APCD) often required to control PICs and metals are
generally  not  suitable for transport  to remote
Superfund sites. EER designed the RFS to avoid some
of these logistical problems.  The RFS uses a fabric
filter installed immediately downstream of the thermal
treatment process to control toxic metals, particulates,
and unburned organic species.
          The RFS involves the following three steps:

          •  First, solids are thermally treated with a primary
             thermal process, such as a rotary kiln, fluidized
             bed,  or other  system designed  for  thermal
             treatment.
          •  Next, a low-cost, aluminosilicatesorbent, such as
             kaolinite,  is  injected into the flue  gases at
             temperaturesnearl,300°C(2,370°F). Thesorbent
             reacts with volatile metal species such  as lead,
             cadmium,  and arsenic in the gas stream  and
             chemically adsorbs  onto  the surfaces of  the
             sorbentparticles. This adsorbtionforms insoluble,
             nonleachablealumino-silicate complexes similar to
             cementitious species.
          •  Finally,   high-temperature   fabric  filtration,
              operatingattemperaturesupto 1,000°C (1,830°F),
              provides additional  residence  time for    the
              sorbent/metal reaction to produce nonleachable
                                                               Reactor Filter System
                                                                                     Exhaust
                                                                                  ID Fans
                                       Example Application of RFS Equipment
 Page 46
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

-------
 by-products. This step also provides additional time
 for destruction of organic compounds associated with
 particulate matter, reducing ash toxicity. Because of
 the established  link between PIC formation and gas-
 particle chemistry, this process can virtually eliminate
 potential polychlorinated dioxin formation.

 The RFS  may improve  the performance of existing
 thermal  treatment  systems  for Superfund  wastes
 containing metals and organics. During incineration,
 hazardous organics are often attached to the particulate
 matter that escapes burning in the primary zone. The
 RFS provides sufficient residence time at sufficiently
 high temperatures to destroy such organics. Also, by
 increasing gas-solid contact parameters, the system
 can decrease metal emissions by preventing the release
 of metals as vapors or retained on entrained particles.

 The figure on  the  previous page shows the RFS
 installed immediately downstream  of the primary
 thermal  treatment  zone  at  EER's  Spouted Bed
 Combustion Facility.   Because the  spouted  bed
 generates a highly particulate-ladengas stream, a high-
 temperature  cyclone  is  used to  remove  coarse
 particulate matter upstream of the RFS.  Sorbent is
 injected into the flue  gas upstream  of the high
 temperature fabric filter.  A conventional baghouse is
 available  for comparison  with RFS  performance
 during the demonstration. However, the baghouse is
not needed in typical RFS applications since the high-
temperature  filtration medium has shown similar
performance to conventional fabric filtration media.
 WASTE APPLICABILITY:

 The RFS is designed to remove entrained particulates,
 volatile toxic metals, and condensed-phase organics
 present in high-temperature (800 to 1,000°C) gas
 streams generated from the thermal treatment of
 contaminated soils, sludges, and sediments.  Many
 conventional  treatments can be combined with the
 RFS technology.  Process residuals will consist of
 nonleachable  particulates that are essentially free of
 organic compounds, thus reducing toxicity, handling
 risks, and landfill disposal.

 STATUS:

 The RFS was accepted into the Emerging Technology
 Program in 1993.  EER developed the pilot-scale
 process through a series of bench-scale screening
 studies, which were completed in September 1994.
 These screening studies guided the sorbent selection
 and  operating  conditions  for   the  pilot-scale
 demonstration.  The  tests  were completed in June
 1996.

 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

 EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
 Steven Rock
 U.S. EPA
 National Risk  Management  Research
   Laboratory
 26 West Martin Luther King Drive
 Cincinnati, OH 45268
 513-569-7149
 Fax:513-569-7105
 e-mail: rock.steven@epa.gov

 TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Neil Widmer
Energy and Environmental
   Research Corporation
 18 Mason Street
Irvine, CA 92618
949-859-8851
Fax:949-859-3194
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                     Page 47

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                       ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL
                            RESEARCH CORPORATION
                                 (Hybrid Fluidized Bed System)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The  Hybrid Fluidized Bed (HFB) system  treats
contaminated solids and  sludges  by incinerating
organic compounds and extracting  and detoxifying
volatile metals.  The system consists of three stages:
a spouted bed, a fluidized afterburner, and a high-
temperature paniculate soil extraction system.

First, the spouted bed rapidly heats solids and sludges
to allow extraction of volatile organic and inorganic
compounds.  The spouted bed retains  larger soil
clumps until they are reduced in size but allows fine
material to quickly pass through.  This segregation
process is beneficial because organic contaminants in
fine particles vaporize rapidly.  The decontamination
time for large particles is longerdue  to heat and mass
transfer limitations.

The central spouting region is operated with an inlet
gas velocity of greater than 1 SOfeet per second. This
velocity creates an abrasion and  grinding action,
rapidly reducing the size of the feed materials through
attrition. The spouted bed operates between 1,500 and
 1,700°F under oxidizing conditions.

Organic vapors, volatile metals, and  fine soil particles
are carried from the spouted bed through an open-hole
type distributor, which forms the bottom of the second
 stage, the fluidized bed afterburner.  The  afterburner
provides  sufficient retention time  and  mixing to
 incinerate  the organic compounds that  escape the
 spouted bed, resulting in a destruction and removal
 efficiency of greater than 99.99 percent. In addition,
 the  afterburner contains bed materials that  absorb
 metal vapors, capture fine  particles,  and promote
 formation  of insoluble metal silicates.   The bed
 materials  are  typically made of silica-supported
 bauxite, kaolinite, or lime.
          In the third stage, the high-temperature particulars soil
          extraction system removes clean processed soil from
          the effluent gas stream with one or two hot cyclones.
          The clean soil is extracted hot to prevent unreacted
          volatile metal species from condensing in the soil.
          Off-gases are then quenched and passed through a
          conventional baghouse to capture the condensed metal
          vapors.

          Generally, material handling problems create major
          operational difficulties for soil cleanup devices. The
          HFB system  uses a  specially  designed auger feed
          system. Solids and sludges are dropped through a lock
          hopper system into an auger shredder, which is a
          rugged, low-revolutions-per-minute,feeding-grinding
          device. Standard augers are simple and reliable,  but
          are susceptible to clogging from feed compression in
          the auger.  In the HFB system,  the auger shredder is
          close  coupled to  the  spouted  bed  to  reduce
          compression  and  clump formation  during feeding.
          The  close-couple arrangement locates the tip of the
          auger screw several inches from the internal surface of
          the spouted bed, preventing soil plug formation.

          WASTE  APPLICABILITY:

          This technology is applicable to soils and  sludges
          contaminated  with organic and volatile inorganic
          contaminants. Nonvolatile inorganics are not affected.

          STATUS:

          This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
          Technology Program in January 1990.  Design and
          construction of the commercial prototype HFB system
          and a limited shakedown are complete. The Emerging
          Technology Bulletin (EPA/540/F- 93/508) is available
          from EPA.
 Page 48
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Teri Richardson
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
  Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7949
Fax:513-569-7105
e-mail: richardson.teri@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Richard Koppang
Energy and Environmental Research
  Corporation
18 Mason Street
Irvine, CA 92718
949-859-8851
Fax:949-859-3194
                                      The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                        approve or endorse technologies.
Page 49

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                                                EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
             ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGIES, ING.
                              (Microbial Composting Process)
                                                   WASTE APPLICABILITY:
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:
                                          are
Polycyclic  aromatic  hydrocarbons  (PAH)
widespread pollutants  found  at  creosote  wood
treatmentsites and at manufacturing gas plants (MGP).
Environmentscontaminated with these compounds are
considered hazardous due to the potential carcinogenic
effects of specific PAHs.

Environmental   Biotechnologies,  Inc.   (EBT),
investigated the bioremediation  of  contaminants
associated with  former  MGP  sites  in  a  program
cosponsored by the Electric Power Research Institute
and the EPA. Initially, EBT screened over 500 fungal
cultures (mostly brown and white rot fungi) for their
ability to degrade PAHs and other organic pollutants.
A group of 30 cultures were more intensely examined
and several cultures were optimized for use in a soil
composting process.

EBT  conducted bench-scale treatability studies  to
assess the feasibility of PAH degradation in soil using
a fungal augmented system designed to enhance the
natural bioprocess. Results of one study are shown in
the figure below. Concentrations of 10 PAHs were
determined over a 59-day treatment period.

Some states have a soil treatment standard of 100 parts
per million for total PAHs.  EBT's fungal  treatment
process was able to reach this cleanup standard within
a 5-  to 6-week treatment  period for one  PAH-
contaminated soil, as shown in the figure on the next
page.
One intended  environmental  application for this
technology is the treatment of soil  and sediment
contaminated with coal tar wastes from former MGP
sites. Soils at these sites are contaminated with PAHs
and are difficult to remediate cost-effectively. EBT's
fungal soil treatment process is projected to cost $66
to $80 per ton, which is more cost-effectivethan other
technical approaches such  as  coburning in  utility
burners, thermal desorption, and incineration that are
being considered by utility companies.

STATUS:

EBT  was  accepted  into  the  SITE  Emerging
Technology Program in  1993  and began laboratory
studies in 1994. The project was completed in 1996.
The overall project  objectives were  to  (1) identify
fungal and bacterial cultures that  efficiently degrade
coal tar wastes, and (2) develop and demonstrate a
pilot-scale process that can be commercialized for
utility industry applications.
EBT initially worked with PAH-spiked  water and
soils. EBT then tested, under optimized conditions,
selected soil  cultures from  several  MGP  sites
identified by New England Electric Services, a utility
company sponsor. Testing identified several possibly
superior fungal cultures to degrade  PAHs.  These
cultures exhibited degradative preferences for either
lower molecular weight or higher molecular weight
PAHs,  suggesting  a  consortia as a possible  best
                   Fungal Degradation of Five PAHs in Soil Over A 59-Day Period
Page 50
                                           The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                             approve or endorse technologies.

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approach.  These cultures were then examined in
nutrient-supplemented systems to determine optimal
PAH degradation rates.

A  bench-scale composter  system  was used  to
determine optimal moisture content, soil amendment
requirements,  and   inoculation   procedures  for
accelerating degradation of PAHs. During the second
year, small (less than 1 cubic yard) plots of MGP-site
soil  were used to test  the  optimized  process in
laboratory studies before a  field demonstration is
conducted.    Results  from  the  evaluation  were
published by EPA in 1997.

EBT has also  conducted a bench-scale  treatability
study for a  company in France to determine the
feasibility of fungal PAH degradation in MGP soil.
Results  demonstrated  an   increased  rate  of
biodegradation in the fungal-augmented system for all
of the measured individual PAH compounds in the 80-
day treatment period,  compared with the  natural,
unamended system.
                                               February 2003
                                            Completed Project


                EBT conducted another  lab study on oil refinery
                wastes which contained PAHs. the fungal composting
                process was able to remove 90% of the PAHs in an 18
                week period. Based on the results obtained during the
                Emerging Technology Program stage, EBT's fungal
                technology has been accepted into the U.S. EPA SITE
                Demonstration Program.

                FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

                EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
                Randy Parker
                U.S. EPA
                National Risk Management Research
                  Laboratory
                26 West Martin Luther King Drive
                Cincinnati, OH  45268
                513-569-7271
                Fax:513-569-7105
                E-mail: parker.randy@epa.gov

                TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
                Douglas Munnecke
                Environmental BioTechnoIogies, Inc.
                255 South Guild Avenue
                Lodi, CA 95240
               209-333-4575
               Fax: 209-333-4572
               E-mail: dmunnecke(5)e  b t.com
                            600
                                                               -h
                                                               50
10     * TimeC^s,    40     50     60

 Degradation of Total PAHs In Soil
                                       The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                         approve or endorse technologies.
                                                  Page 51

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                                                 EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                               FERRO CORPORATION
                       (Waste Vitrification Through Electric Melting)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

Vitrification technology converts contaminated soils,
sediments, and sludges into oxideglasses, chemically
rendering them nontoxic and suitable for landfilling as
nonhazardous materials.  Successful vitrification of
soils, sediments, and sludges requires (1) development
of glass compositions tailored to a specific waste, and
(2) glass meltingtechnology that can convertthe waste
and additives into a stable glass  without producing
toxic emissions.

In an electric melter, glass — an ionic conduc-tor of
relatively high electrical resistivity — stays molten
with joule heating. Such melters process waste under
a relatively thick blanket of feed material, which forms
a counterflow scrubber that limits volatile emissions
(see figure below).
         Commercial  electric  melters  have  significantly
         reduced the loss of inorganic volatile constituents such
         as boric anhydride (B2O3)  or lead oxide  (PbO).
         Because of its low emission rate and small volume of
         exhaust  gases,  electric  melting  is  a  promising
         technology for incorporating waste into a stable glass
         matrix.

         WASTE  APPLICABILITY:

         Vitrification stabilizes inorganic components found in
         hazardous waste. In addition, the high temperature
         involved  in  glass  production  (about  1,500  °C)
         decomposes  organics such  as  anthracene, bis(2-
         ethylhexyl phthalate), and pentachlorophenol in the
         waste.  The  decomposition products  can easily be
         removed from the low volume of melter off-gas.
                      GLASS-MAKING
                       MATERIALS
                Electrode
  MOLTEN GLASS
     >1500°C)
                                                                              Steel
                                        FRIT, MARBLES, etc.
                                              STABLE
                                               GLASS
                                           Electric Furnace Vitrification
                I
DISPOSAL
  Page 52
The SITE Program assesses but does not
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 STATUS:

 Under the Emerging Technology Program, synthetic
 soil matrix IV (SSM-IV) has been developed and
 subjected to toxicity characteristic leaching procedure
 (TCLP) testing.

 Ten   independent   replicates  of  the  preferred
 composition produced the following results:

Metal
As
Cd
Cr
Cu
Pb
Ni
Zn
TCLP analyte concentration,
parts per million
Remediation
Limit
5
1
5
5
5
5
5
Mean of Glass
Replicates
<0. 1 00

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Technology Profile
      EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                        GAS TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE
                             (Chemical and Biological Treatment)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The Institute of Gas Technology (IGT) chemical and
biological  treatment  (CBT)  process remediates
sludges,  soils,  groundwater,  and  surface  water
contaminated with  organic  pollutants,  such  as
polynuclear aromatic  hydrocarbons  (PAH)  and
polychlorinated biphenyls (see photograph below).
The   treatment system  combines  two  remedial
techniques:  (1) chemical oxidation as pretreatment,
and  (2)  biological  treatment using  aerobic  and
anaerobic biosystems in sequence or alone, depending
on the waste.  The CBT  process uses mild chemical
treatment  to  produce  intermediates  that   are
biologically degraded, reducing the cost and risk
associated with a more severe treatment process such
as incineration.
         During  the  pretreatment  stage,  the  contaminated
         material  is  treated  with  a chemical reagent  that
         degrades the organics to carbon dioxide, water,  and
         partially oxidized intermediates. In the second stage
         of the CBT process, biological systems degrade the
         hazardous residual materialsand the partially oxidized
         intermediates from the first stage.  Chemically treated
         wastes are subjectedto cycles of aerobic and anaerobic
         degradation if aerobic or anaerobic treatment alone is
         not  sufficient.   Several  cycles  of  chemical  and
         biological treatment are also used  for extremely
         recalcitrant contaminants.
                                     Chemical and Biological Treatment Process
  Page 54
The SITE Program assesses but does not
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                                                                                    February 2003
                                                                                Completed Project
WASTE APPLICABILITY:
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:
The CBT process can be applied to soils, sludges,
groundwater, and surface water containing (1) high
waste concentrations that  would typically inhibit
bioremediation, or (2) low  waste concentrations for
which bioremediation alone  is too slow. The process
is not adversely affected by radionuclides or heavy
metals.  Depending on the types of heavy metals
present, these  metals  will bioaccumulate  in  the
biomass, complex with organic or inorganic material
in the soil slurries, or solubilize in the recycledwater.

The CBT process can be applied to a wide range of
organic  pollutants, including  alkenes,  chlorinated
alkenes,aromatics, substituted aromatics,and complex
aromatics.

STATUS:

IGT evaluated the CBT process for 2 years under the
SITE Emerging Technology Program. The Emerging
Technology  Bulletin (EPA/540/F- 94/540),  which
details results from the evaluation, is available from
EPA. Based on results from the Emerging Technology
Program, this technology was invited to participate in
the SITE Demonstration Program.

Under the SITE Demonstration Program, IGT plans to
conduct a full-scale demonstration of the CBT process
on sediments containing PAHs.  Different  operating
scenarios will be used to demonstratehow effectively
the  CBT process treats sediments  in  a  bioslurry
reactor.  Several sites are being  considered for the
demonstration.
EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Randy Parker
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
  Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7271
Fax:513-569-7571
e-mail: parker.randy@epa..gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Tom Hayes
Institute of Gas Technology
1700 South Mount Prospect Road
Des Plaines, IL 60018-1804
847-768-0722
Fax:847-768-0516
                                        The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                          approve or endorse technologies.
                                    Page 55

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Technology Profile
         EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                          GAS TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE
                       (Fluid Extraction-Biological Degradation Process)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The three-step fluid extraction-biological degradation
(FEBD) process removes organic contaminants from
soil (see figure below).  The process combines three
distinct technologies:   (1) fluid extraction, which
removes  the  organics  from  contaminated  solids;
(2) separation, which transfers the pollutants from the
extract to a  biologically compatible solvent or
activated   carbon  carrier;   and   (3)  biological
degradation, which destroys the pollutants and leaves
innocuous end-products.

In the fluid extraction step, excavated soilsare placed
in a pressure vessel and extracted with a recirculated
stream of supercritical or  near-supercritical  carbon
dioxide.  An extraction cosolvent may be  added to
enhance the removal of additional contaminants.
           During  separation,   organic  contaminants   are
           transferred to a biologically compatible separation
           solvent such as water or a water-methanol mixture.
           The separation solvent is then sent to the final stage of
           the process, where bacteria degrade the  waste to
           carbon dioxide and water.  Clean extraction solvent is
           then recycled for use in the extraction stage.

           Organic contaminants are biodegraded in aboveground
           aerobic  bioreactors,  using mixtures  of  bacterial
           cultures capable of  degrading the  contaminants.
           Selection of cultures is based on site contaminant
           characteristics.  For  example,  if a site is  mainly
           contaminatedwithpolynucleararomatichydrocarbons
           (PAH), cultures able to metabolize or cometabolize
           these hydrocarbons are used. The bioreactors can be
           configured  to enhance  the  rate  and  extent  of
           biodegradation.
                                                Pressure
                                                Reducing
                                                 Valve
                   Contaminated
                      Soil
                                  Extraction Solvent
                                  with Contaminants
                                                                    Separation
                                                                     Solvent
                  Stage 2

                SEPARATION
                   Decontaminated
                      Soil
                                 Extraction
                                  Solvent
                                                   Recycled
                                                   or Cleaned
                                                   Extraction
                                                    Sotverrt
                                                                         Separation Solvents
                                                                         with Contaminants
                                                                          Stage3
                            BIOLOGICAL
                            DEGRADATION
                                                                         Water, Carbon
                                                                         Dioxide, and
                                                                           Biomass
                                   Fluid Extraction-Biological Degradation Process
Page 56
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                      February 2003
                                                                                  Completed Proiect
Research continues on using bound activated carbon in
a carrier system during the  separation step.  Bound
activated  carbon  should  allow   high-  pressure
conditions to be maintained in the fluid extraction step,
enhancing  extraction   efficiency   and  decreasing
extraction time. Bound activated carbon should also
limit the loss  of carbon dioxide, thereby decreasing
costs.  The activated  carbon  containing the bound
PAHs could then be treated in the biodegradation step
by converting the carrier system to a biofilm reactor.
These activated carbon carrier systems could then be
recycled into the  high-pressure   system  of the
extraction and separation steps.

WASTE APPLICABILITY:

This technology removes organic compounds from
contaminated  solids.  It is more effective on some
classes  of  organics,  such  as hydrocarbons  (for
example, gasoline and fuel oils) than on others, such as
halogenated solvents and polychlorinated biphenyls.
The  process  has also been  effective  in  treating
nonhalogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons and PAHs.

STATUS:

This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology Program in June 1990.  The Institute of
Gas Technology has evaluated all three stages of the
technology with soils from a Superfund site and from
three town gas sites. These soils exhibited a variety of
physical and chemical characteristics. Approximately
85 to 99 percent of detectable PAHs, includingtwo- to
six^ring compounds, were removed from the soils.
The measurable PAHs were biologically converted in
both batch-fed and continuously fed, constantly stirred
tank reactors.  The conversion rate  and removal
efficiency were high in all systems.  The PAHs were
biologicallyremovedortransformed at short hydraulic
retention times. All PAHs, including four- to six-ring
compounds, were susceptible to biological removal.

Results from this  project  were published in  the
Emerging Technology Bulletin (EPA/540/F-94/501),
which  is  available from EPA.   An article was
submitted  to the  Journal  of Air  and Waste
Management.

Potential users of this  technology  have expressed
interest in continuing research. This technology has
been invited to participate in the SITE Demonstration
Program.  The technology would be able to remediate
town  gas  sites, wood  treatment sites,  and  other
contaminated soils and sediments.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Valdis Kukainis
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
 Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7955
Fax:513-569-7620
e-mail: kukainis.valdis@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Robert Paterek
Institute of Gas Technology
1700 South Mount Prospect Road
Des Plaines, IL 60018-1804
847-768-0722
Fax:847-768-0516
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                     Page 57

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                                                  EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                         GAS TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE
                    (Fluidized-Bed/Cyclonic Agglomerating Combustor)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The Institute of Gas Technology (IGT) has developed
a two-stage,  fluidized-bed/cjclonic agglomerating
combustor (AGGCOM) based on a combination of
IGT technologies.  In the combined system, solid,
liquid, and gaseous organic wastes can be efficiently
destroyed. Solid, nonvolatile, inorganic contaminants
are  combined within  a glassy matrix consisting of
discrete pebble-sized agglomerates that are suitable for
disposal in a landfill or use as an aggregate.

The first stage of the combustor is an agglomerating
fluidized-bed  reactor, which  can  operate  under
substoichiometric conditions or with excess air. This
system can operate from low temperature (desorption)
to high  temperature (agglomeration).  This system
canalso gasify materials with high calorific values (for
          example, municipal solid wastes). With a unique fuel
          and air distribution,  most of the  fluidized bed is
          maintained at 1,500° to 2,000°F, while the central hot
          zone temperature can be varied between 2,000° and
          3,000°F.

          When contaminated soils and sludges are fed into the
          fluidized bed, the combustible fractionof the waste is
          rapidly gasified and combusted.  The solid fraction,
          containing inorganic  and  metallic  contaminants,
          undergoes a chemical transformation in the hot zone
          and is agglomerated into glassy pellets. These pellets
          are essentially nonleachable under the conditions of
          the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP).
          The product gas from the  fluidized bed may contain
          unburned hydrocarbons, furans, dioxins, and carbon
          monoxide, as well as carbon dioxide and  water, the
          products of complete combustion.
                                              AGGCOM Pilot Plant
Page 58
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                      February 2003
                                                                                  Completed Project
The product gas from the fluidized bed is fed into the
second stage of the combustor, where it is further
combusted at a temperature of 1,800° to 2,400°F. The
second stage is a high-intensity cyclonic combustor
and separator that provides sufficient residence time
(0.25 second) to oxidize carbon monoxide and organic
compounds to carbon dioxide and water vapor.  This
stage has  a  combined  destruction  and  removal
efficiency of greater than 99.99 percent.  Volatilized
metals are  collected  downstream  in the  flue gas
scrubber condensate.

The two-stage AGGCOM process is based on IGT's
experience with other fluidized-bed  and  cyclonic
combustion systems. The patented sloping-grid design
and ash discharge port in this process were initially
developed for IGT's U-GAS coal gasification process.
The  cyclonic   combustor   and  separator  is   a
modification of IGT's low-emissions combustor.

WASTE APPLICABILITY:

The two-stage AGGCOM process can destroy organic
contaminants in gaseous, liquid, and solid wastes,
including soils and sludges.  Gaseous wastes can be
fired directly into the cyclonic combustor.  Liquid,
sludge, and solid wastes can be co-fired directly into
the fluidized bed. Solid particles must be less than
about 6 millimetersto support fluidized bed operation;
therefore, certain wastes  may  require grinding  or
pulverization prior to remediation.

Because the  solid components in the waste are heated
above fusion temperature during the agglomeration
process,  metals  and  other inorganic  materials are
encapsulated and immobilized within  the glassy
matrix.

STATUS:

This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology Program in July 1990. Tests conducted in
the  batch,  6-inch-diameter  fluidized  bed  have
demonstrated that agglomerates can be formed from
the soil.  The agglomerates,  produced at several
different operating conditions from soil spiked with
lead and chromium compounds, passed the TCLP test
for leachability.

A pilot-scale combustor with a capacity of 6 tons per
day has been constructed (see photograph on previous
page),  and  testing  has   produced  samples  of
agglomerated  soil.   Future testing will  focus  on
sustained and continuous operation of the pilot-scale
plant  using different types of soil, as well  as other
feedstocks.    Tests  with   organic  and  inorganic
hazardous waste surrogates admixed with the feed soil
will also be conducted. A final report on the project
has been submitted to EPA.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Valdis Kukanis
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
   Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7955
Fax:513-569-7679
e-mail: kukainis.valdis@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACTS:
Amir  Rehmat
Gas Technology Institute
1700 South Mount Prospect Road
DesPIaines,IL60018-1804
847-544-0588
Fax: 847-544-0501
E-mail: amir. rehmat@ gastechnology. ore

Michael Mensinger
Endesco Services,  Inc.
1700 South Mount Prospect Road
Des Plaines, IL 60018-1804
847-544-0602
Fax: 847-544-0534
E-mail: mensinger@endesco.com
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                     Page 59

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                                                 EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                        GAS TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE
                     (Supercritical Extraction/Liquid Phase Oxidation)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The Institute of Gas Technology's (IGT) Supercritical
Extraction/Liquid  Phase  Oxidation  (SELPhOx)
process   (see  figure  below)  removes  organic
contaminants from soils and  sludges and destroys
them. SELPhOx combines two processing steps: (1)
supercritical extraction (SCE) of organic contaminants,
and (2)  wet air oxidation (WAO) of the extracted
contaminants.  The  two-step process, linked by  a
contaminant collection stage, offers great flexibility
for removing and destroying both  high and  low
concentrations of organic contaminants.

Combining SCE and WAO  in a  single two-step
process allows development of a highly efficient and
economical process  for  remediating contaminated
soils.  Supercritical  extraction with carbon dioxide
(CO2) removes organic contaminants from the soil
          while leaving much of the original soil organic matrix
          in place. The contaminants are collected on activated
          carbon in a contaminant collection vessel.  The
          activated carbon with  sorbed contaminants is then
          transported in an aqueous stream to a WAO reactor for
          destruction.  Concentrating the organic contaminants
          on activated carbon in water provides a suitable matrix
          for the WAO feed stream  and improves process
          economics by  decreasing WAO reactor size.  The
          activated carbon is regenerated in the WAO reactor
          with minimal carbon loss and can be recycled to the
          contaminant collection vessel.

          The SELPhOx process requires  only water, air,
          makeup activated  carbon, and the extractant (CO2).
          Primary treatmentproducts include cleaned soil, water,
          nitrogen (from the  air fed to the WAO step), and CO2.
          Organic sulfur, nitrogen, and chloride compounds that
          may be present in the original soil or sludge matrix are
                   EXTRACTION
                WET AIR OXIDATION
            CONTAMINATED
               SOIL
                                                                                AIR OR
                                                                                OXYGEN
                                                                              CARBON FOR
                                                                              RECYCLE
         VESSEL HEATERS
                        Supercritical Extraction/Liquid Phase Oxidation (SELPhOx) Process
Page 60
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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WASTE APPLICABILITY:
                                                                              February 2003
                                                                           Completed Project


 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

 EPA PROJECT MANAGER-
 Vald;s R. Kukainis
 U.S. EPA
 National Risk Management Research
   Laboratory
 26 West Martin Luther King Drive
 Cincinnati, OH 45268
 513-569-7955
Fax:513-569-7879
e-mail; kukainis.valdis@epa.gov
                                               ENDESCO Services, Inc.
                                               1700 South Mount Prospect Road
                                              Fax: 847-544-0534
                                              e-mail: mensinger@endesco.com
                                  ~ Pr°gram assesses but d™ not
                                  appwre or endorse technofo
                             Page 61

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                                                n ^^ TprHNOT/lGY PROGRAM
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:
The
            hairier separates peculates in a high

           gas flow-   The ^V°ff££
 acoustic waveform directed against the gas wow,
  lempeiiuui^iinvi-e,-	     -       p.fitprine the










                                       ri 	  TT_,»
                              .-«.
                                              in
   the process stream.
The eas flows past the acoustic source and leaves the







 necessary before it is discharged.








 fouling.

 WASTE APPLICABILITY:
                                 SCRUBBER
                                                        AGGLOMERATION
                                                           SEGMENT
                                                                   SEPARATION
                                                                    CHAMBER
                                                 INLET
                                                  GAS "
                                                                       SOLIDS
                                           Acoustic Barrier Paniculate Separator
                                              The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                                    e or endorse technolog.es.
     Page 62

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                                                                                     February 2003
                                                                                 Completed Project
condensation onto participates. Applications include
removal of gas-borne solids during thermal treatment
of semivolatile organics, such as polychlorinated
biphenyls, and gas-phase separation  of radioactive
particles from condensible hazardous materials.

STATUS:

The acoustic barrier particulate separator was accepted
into the SITE Emerging Technology Program in 1993.
The  principal objective  of this project will be to
design, construct, and test a pilot-scaleacoustic barrier
particulate  separator  that is suitable  for parallel
arrangement into larger systems. The separator will be
designed for a flow of 300 cubic feet per minute and
will be tested using a simulated flue gas composed of
heated gas and injected dust.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Randy Parker
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
  Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7271
Fax:513-569-7571
E-mail: parker.randy@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Anthony Gattuso
General Atomics
Nuclear Remediation Technologies Division
MS 2/633
P.O. Box 85608
San Diego, CA 92186-9784
858-455-3000 ext. 2910
Fax: 858-455-3621
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                     Page 63

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Technology Profile
         EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                  GEO-MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
                          (Metals Release and Removal from Wastes)

TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

Geo-Microbial Technologies, Inc., has developed an
anaerobic biotreatment technology to release metals
from liquefaction catalyst wastes. Such wastes are
derived from spent coal and are also contaminated
with complex organic compounds.  The anaerobic
metals release (AMR) technology may be adapted to
treat other wastes contaminated with metals.

Current  biohydrometallurgy systems  use  aerobic
acidophilic  bacteria, which oxidize mineral sulfides
while  making metals  soluble  and  forming large
amounts of acid.  This aerobic  process can result in
acidic drainage from natural sources of metal sulfides.
For example, acidophilic bacteria convert the pyrite
and iron-containingminerals in coal into oxidized iron
and sulfuric acid.  The acid then makes the pyrite and
other sulfide minerals more soluble resulting in stream
and lake contamination due to acidification and an
increase in soluble heavy metals.

The AMR technology operates anaerobically and at a
near-neutral pH, employing anaerobic Thiobacillus
cultures in conjunction with heterotrophic denitrifying
bacterial cultures. The diverse culture of denitrifying
bacteria consumes and treats multiple carbon sources,
including some organic pollutants.

The  anaerobic environment  can be  adjusted  by
introducing low levels of nitrate salts that function as
an electron acceptor in the absence of oxygen. The
nitrate salts provide an alternate electron acceptor and
selectively enhance the remineralizationprocessof the
inherent denitrifying microflora.
           This  process  increases  the  population  of  the
           denitrifying bacterial population  that  releases  the
           metals.  Soils containing the released metals are then
           flooded  with  the  dilute nitrate solutions.   The
           improved anaerobic leaching solutions permeate the
           soils, allowing the microbial activity to make  the
           metals soluble in the leachate. The nitrate concentra-
           tion is adjusted so that the effluent is free of nitrate and
           the nitrate concentration is monitored so  that the
           process operation can be closely controlled.  Soluble
           metals in the leachate are easily recaptured, and  the
           metal-free effluent is recycled within the process. The
           nitrate-based ecology of the process also has the added
           advantage of decreasing levels of sulfate-reducing
           bacteria and sulfide generation.

           The versatility and low operating  constraints of  the
           AMR technology offer multiple process options. The
           technology can be  adapted for in situ flooding or
           modified to flood  a waste pile in a heap-leaching
           operation.    The   elimination  of  any   aeration
           requirement also allows the process to be designed and
           considered for bioslurry applications. As a result,  the
           technology  offers  a greater  range  of treatment
           applications for environmental waste situations that are
           often considered difficult to treat.

           WASTE APPLICABILITY:

           The  AMR  technology  targets  toxic  metal-
           contaminated soils, sludges, and sediments, which can
           also be  contaminated with other wastes, including
           hydrocarbons and organic pollutants.  While metals
           are the primary pollutant treated, the biological system
           is also designed to  degrade and remove associated
           organic contaminants.
Page 64
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                February 2003
                                                                            Completed Project
STATUS:                                        FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

The technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging       EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Technology Program in July 1994. Studies under the       Randy Parker
Emerging Technology Program will evaluate how       U.S. EPA
effectively the AMR technology removes metals from       National Risk Management Research
soil.                                                Laboratory
                                                  26 West Martin Luther King Drive
                                                  Cincinnati, OH 45268
                                                  513-569-7271
                                                  Fax:513-569-7571

                                                  TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
                                                  Donald Hitzman
                                                  Geo-Microbial Technologies, Inc.
                                                  East Main Street
                                                  P.O. Box 132
                                                  Ochelata,OK 74051
                                                  918-535-2281
                                                  Fax:918-535-2564
                                       The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                         approve or endorse technologies.
Page 65

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                    HARDING ESE, A MACTEC COMPANY
                         (formerly ABB Environmental Services, Inc.)
                 (Two-Zone, Plume Interception, In Situ Treatment Strategy)

TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The two-zone, plume interception, in situ treatment
strategy  is  designed  to  treat  chlorinated  and
nonchlorinated organic compounds in saturated soils
and groundwater using a sequence of anaerobic and
aerobic conditions (see figure below). The in situ
anaerobic and aerobic system constitutes a treatment
train that biodegradesa wide assortmentof chlorinated
and nonchlorinated compounds.

When applying this technology, anaerobic and aerobic
conditions are produced in two distinct, hydraulically
controlled, saturated soil zones. Groundwater passes
through each zone as it is recirculated through the
treatment area. The  first zone, the anaerobic zone, is
designed  to partially dechlorinate highly chlorinated
solvents  such   as  tetrachloroethene   (PCE),
trichloroethene(TCE), and 1,1,1-trichloroethanewith
natural biological processes. The second zone, the
aerobic zone, isdesigned to  biologically oxidize the
partially dechlorinated products from the first zone, as
well as other compounds that were not susceptible to
the anaerobic treatment phase.
           Anaerobic conditions are produced or enhanced in the
           first treatment zone by introducing a primary carbon
           source, such as lactic acid, and mineral nutrients, such
           as nitrogen and phosphorus. When proper anaerobic
           conditions are attained, the target contaminants are
           reduced.  For example, PCE is dechlorinated to TCE,
           and TCE is dechlorinated to dichloroethene(DCE) and
           vinyl  chloride.   Under favorable  conditions,  this
           process can completely dechlorinate the organics to
           ethene and ethane.

           Aerobic conditions are produced or  enhanced in the
           second treatment zone by introducing oxygen, mineral
           nutrients  such  as nitrogen and phosphorus, and
           possibly an additional carbon source, such as methane
           (if an  insufficient supply of methane results from the
           upstream, anaerobic zone).  When  proper aerobic
           conditions  are  attained  in this  zone,  partially
           dechlorinated products and other target compounds
           from the  first zone are oxidized.  For example, less-
           chlorinated ethenes such as DCE and vinyl chloride
           are cometabolized during the aerobic microbiological
           degradation of methane.
                    CONTAMINANT
                      SOURCE
                 VADOSE
                 ZONE
                                                                                 NUTRIENTS.
                                                                             .1^X  OXYGEN
                                                                                 (METHANE}
                   IMPERMEABLE
                    LAYER
                                 GROUNDWATER FLOW
                               Two-Zone, Plume Interception, In Situ Treatment Strategy
Page 66
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                     February 2003
                                                                                  Completed Project
The treatment strategy is designed to biologically
remediate  subsoils   by  enhancing   indigenous
microorganism  activity.   If indigenous  bacterial
populations do not provide the adequate anaerobic or
aerobic  results, specially adapted cultures can  be
introduced  to the aquifer.    These cultures  are
introduced using media-filledtrenchesthat can support
added microbial growth.

WASTE APPLICABILITY:

The two-zone, plume interception, in situ treatment
strategy is designed to treat groundwater and saturated
soils  containing  chlorinated .and nonchlorinated
organic  compounds.

STATUS:

The two-zone, plume interception, in situ  treatment
strategy  was accepted  into the  SITE  Emerging
Technology Program in July 1989. Optimal treatment
parameters  for  field  testing were investigated  in
bench-scale soil aquifer simulators.  The objectives of
bench-scale testing were to  (1)  determine factors
affecting the development of each zone, (2) evaluate
indigenous  bacterial communities, (3) demonstrate
treatment of chlorinated and nonchlorinated solvent
mixtures, and (4)  develop  a model for the field
remediation  design.   The  Emerging  Technology
Bulletin (EPA/540/F-95/510), which details the bench-
scale testing results, is available from EPA.
A pilot-scale field demonstration system was installed
at an industrial facility in Massachusetts.  Pilot-scale
testing began in September 1996. Results from this
testing indicate the following:

    The reductive dechlorination of PCE and TCE to
    DCE, VC, and  ethene has  been  accomplished
    primarily by sulfate-reducing bacteria.

•   A time lag of about 4 months was required before
    significant reductive dechlorination  occurred.
    This corresponded to the time  and lactic acid
    dosing required to reduce the redox to about -100
    throughout the treatment cell.

•   Sequential   anaerobic-aerobic   (Two-Zone)
    biodegradation  of  PCE  and  its  degradation
    products appear to be a viable and cost-effective
    treatment technology for the enhancement  of
    natural reductive dechlorination processes.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Randy Parker
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
  Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7271
Fax:513-569-7143
e-mail: parker.randy@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Willard Murray
Harding Lawson Associates
107 Audubon Road, Suite 25
Wakefield,MA 01880
781-245-6606
Fax:781-246-5060
e-mail: wmurray@harding.com
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                     Page 67

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                     HIGH VOLTAGE ENVIRONMENTAL
                                 APPLICATIONS, INC.
                          (High-Energy Electron Beam Irradiation)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The high-energy electron beam irradiation technology
is a low-temperature method for destroying complex
mixtures of hazardous organic chemicals in hazardous
wastes.  These wastes include slurried soils, river or
harbor sediments, and sludges.  The technology can
also treat contaminated soils and groundwater.

The figure below illustrates themobile electron beam
treatment system. The system consists of a computer-
automated, portable electron beam accelerator and a
delivery system. The 500-kilovolt electron accelerator
produces a continuously variable beam current from 0
to 40 milliamperes. At full power, the system is rated
at 20 kilowatts. The waste feed rate and beam current
can be varied to obtain doses of up to 2,000 kilorads in
a one-pass, flow-through mode.
           The system is trailer-mounted and is completely self-
           contained, including a  100-kilowatt generator for
           remote locations or line connectors where power is
           available. The system requires only a mixing tank to
           slurry the treatable solids. The system also includes all
           necessary safety checks.

           The  computerized  control  system  continuously
           monitors  the   waste feed  rate,  absorbed  dose,
           accelerator potential, beam current, and all safety
           shutdown features. The feed rate is monitored with a
           calibrated flow valve. The absorbed dose is estimated
           based on the difference in the temperature of the waste
           stream before and after irradiation.  The system is
           equipped with monitoring  devices that measure the
           waste stream temperature before and afterirradiation.
           Both the accelerating potential and the beam current
                          PUMPING SYSTEM      ELECTRON ACCELERATOR
                                                                CONTROL ROOM
                                                                 OFFICBLAB
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                                     Mobile Electron Beam Treatment System
Page 68
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                     February 2003
                                                                                 Completed Proiect
are obtained directly from the transformer. Except for
slurrying,  this  technology  does not  require any
pretreatment of wastes.

WASTE APPLICABILITY:

This technology treats a variety of organic compounds,
including   wood-treating  chemicals,   pesticides,
insecticides, petroleum residues, and polychlorinated
biphenyls  (PCB) in slurried soils,  sediments, and
sludges.

STATUS:

High  Voltage  Environmental  Applications,  Inc.
(HVEA), was accepted into  the SITE Emerging
Technology Program in 1993.  Under this program,
HVEA will demonstrate its mobile pilot plant on soils,
sediments, or sludges at various hazardous waste sites.
Candidate sites are being identified.  On-site studies
will last up to 2 months.

Initial studies by HVEA have shown that electron
beam   irradiation  effectively  removes  2,4,6-
trinitrotoluene from soil slurries.

As part of the Emerging Technology Program, HVEA
has identified 350 tons of soil contaminated with an
average  Aroclor 1260 concentration of about 1,000
milligrams  per kilogram.  A small  1-ton feasibility
study was conducted in August 1995. After results are
available from the 1-ton study, HVEA plans to make
its mobile unit available for full-scale remediations.
In a recent bench-scale study, a multisource hazardous
waste leachate containing 1 percent dense nonaqueous
phase liquid was successfully treated.  In another
bench-scale  study, a leachate containing  a light
nonaqueous phase liquid contaminated with PCBs was
treated to F039 standards.

FOR FURTHER  INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Frank Alvarez
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
    Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7631
Fax:513-569-7676
e-mail: alvarez.franklin@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
William Cooper
High Voltage Environmental
  Applications, Inc.
9562 Doral Boulevard
Miami, FL 33178
305-962-2387
Fax:305-593-0071
e-mail:  CooperW@uncwil.edu

Paul Torantore
Haley & Aldrich Inc.
200 Towncentre Drive
Suite 2
Rochester, NY  14623
716-321-4220
Cell 617-901-8460
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                    Page 69

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                                                    EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                                    IT CORPORATION
                        (Batch Steam Distillation and Metal Extraction)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The  batch  steam distillation and  metal  extraction
treatment process is a two-stage system that treats soils
contaminated with  organics and inorganics.  This
system uses conventional, readily available process
equipment   and  does   not  produce  hazardous
combustion products.    Hazardous  materials  are
separated from soils as concentrates, which can then
be disposed of or recycled.  The treated soil can be
returned to the site.

During treatment, waste soil is slurried in water and
heated to 100°C. This heat vaporizes volatile organic
compounds (VOC) and produces an amount of steam
equal to 5 to  10  percent  of the slurry  volume.
Resulting vapors are condensed and  decanted  to
separate organic contaminants from the aqueous phase.
Condensed water from this  step  can  be recycled
through the system after soluble organics are removed.
The  soil  is then transferred as a slurry  to the metal
extraction step.
           In the metal extraction step, the soil slurry is washed
           with hydrochloric acid.  Subsequent countercurrent
           batch washing with water removes residual acid from
           the soil. The solids are then separated from the final
           wash solution by gravimetric sedimentation.  Most
           heavy metals are converted to chloride salts in this
           step. The acid extract stream is then routed to a batch
           steam distillation system, where excess hydrochloric
           acid is recovered (see figure below). Bottoms from the
           still, which contain heavy metals, are precipitated as
           hydroxide salts and drawn off as a sludge for off-site
           disposal or recovery.

           As  a batch process, this treatment technology  is
           targeted at sites with less than 5,000  tons of soil
           requiring  treatment.  Processing time depends  on
           equipment size and batch cycle times; about one batch
           of soil can be treated every 4 hours.
                          Recycle water tram
                          extraction step
                          Contaminated Soil
                                        Batch distillation vessel
                       Organics
                                                                       Off-site disposal
                                                                   Steam
                                                                   stripper
                                                            To recycle water
                                                                       Soil slurry to
                                                                       metal extraction
                                                                       or dewatering vessel
                                            Batch Steam Distillation Step
Page 70
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                     February 2003
                                                                                 Completed Project
WASTE APPLICABILITY:

This process may be applied to  soils and  sludges
contaminated with organics,  inorganics,  and heavy
metals.

STATUS:

The batch steam distillation and metal extraction
process was accepted into the  SITE  Emerging
Technology Program in January 1988. The evaluation
was completed in 1992. The Emerging Technology
Bulletin (EPA/540/F-95/509), which details results
from the test, is available from EPA.

Under the program, three pilot-scale tests have been
completed on three soils, for atotal of nine tests. The
removal rates for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and
xylene were greater than 99 percent. The  removal
rates for chlorinated solvents ranged from 97 percent
to  99 percent.  One acid extraction and two water
washes resulted in a 95 percent removal rate for heavy
metals..  Toxicity characteristic  leaching procedure
tests on the treated soils showed that soils from eight
of the nine tests met leachate criteria. Data were also
collected  on the recovery rate for excess acid and the
removal rate for precipitation of heavy metals into a
 concentrate.
Estimated treatment costs per ton, including capital
recovery, for the two treatment steps are as follows:
Batch Steam Distillation
500-ton site
2,500-ton site
Metals Extraction
(including acid recovery)
500-ton site
2,500-ton site
$299-393/ton
$266-350/ton
$447-6 19/ton
$396-545/ton
 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

 EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
 Randy Parker
 U.S. EPA
 National Risk Management Research
     Laboratory
 26 West Martin Luther King Drive
 Cincinnati, OH 45268
 513-569-7271
 Fax:513-569-7571
 e-mail: parker.randy@epa.gov

 TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
 Stuart Shealy
 IT Corporation
 312 Directors Drive
 Knoxville,TN  37923-4709
 865-690-3211
 Fax: 865-694-9573
                                           The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                             approve or endorse technologies.
                                                                                           Page 71

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  Technology Profile
EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                                    IT CORPORATION
                    (Chelation/Electrodeposition of Toxic Metals from Soils)
  TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

  IT  Corporation  has  conducted  laboratory-scale
  research on an innovative process that removes heavy
  metals  from  contaminated  soils and sludges  by
  forming a  soluble chelate.   The metals  and  the
  chelating agent are then separated from the soils and
  recovered.

  The treatment employs two key steps (see figure
  below): (1) a water-soluble chelating agent, such as
  ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, bonds with heavy
  metals   and   forms  a  chelate;   and   (2)  an
  electromembrane reactor (EMR) recovers the heavy
  metals from the chelate and regenerates the chelating
  agent.

  Soils are screened before the chelation step to remove
  large particles such as wood, metal scrap, and large
 rocks.
  The chelated soil is dewatered to separate the water-
  soluble chelating agent from the  solid phase.  The
  separated chelating agent,  which  contains  heavy
  metals, is then treated in the EMR.  The EMR consists
  of an electrolytic cell with a cation transfer membrane
  separating the cathode and anode chambers.

  WASTE APPLICABILITY:

  The technology is  applicable to a wide variety of
  metal-contaminated hazardous wastes, including soils
  and  sludges.   To  date,  IT  Corporation  has
  demonstrated  the  technology's  effectiveness  in
  removing lead and cadmium from soils and sludges.
                                                Regenerated Chelating Agent
  Contaminated Soil
Dewatering
(Phase
Separation)

^ "C
                                                                (Liquid
                                                                Phase)
Electromembrane
Reactor (EMR)
Soil
Wai
^.
                                                            (Solid Phase)

                              Simplified Process Flow Diagram of Treatment Process
Page 72
                                         The SITE Program assesses but docs not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                    February 2003
                                                                                Completed Project
STATUS:

This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology Program in July 1994. The Jack's Creek
site, located nearMaitland, Pennsylvania, was selected
as a site for technology evaluation. The site operated
as a precious and nonprecious metal  smelting and
nonferrous metal recycling operation from 1958 to
1977. A portion of the property is currently operated
as  a  scrap  yard.    Lead concentrations  in  the
contaminated soil  used  for  the  evaluation  was
approximately  2 percent.   Toxicity  characteristic
leaching   procedure   (TCLP)   analysis   on   the
contaminated soil showed lead levelsof 7.7 milligrams
per liter (mg/L), which exceeds the regulatory limit of
5  mg/L.    During  the  project,  IT  Corporation
established appropriate conditions for  lead removal
and  recovery  from  the soil  and  reduced TCLP
concentrations  of lead in the soil to below regulatory
levels.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
George Moore
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
    Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7991
Fax: 513-569-7276
e-mail: moore.george@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Radha Krishnan
IT Corporation
11499 Chester Road
Cincinnati, OH 45246-4012
513-782-4700
Fax:513-782-4663
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                    Page 73

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Technology Profile
         EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                                    IT CORPORATION
                                (Mixed Waste Treatment Process)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

IT  Corporation's mixed waste  treatment  process
integratesthermaldesorption, gravity separation, water
treatment, and chelant extractiontechnologies to treat
soils contaminated with hazardous and radioactive
constituents.     The   process   separates  these
contaminants into distinct organic  and  inorganic
phases that can then be further minimized, recycled, or
destroyed at commercial  disposal facilities.   The
decontaminated soil can be returned to the site.  Each
technology has been individually demonstrated on
selected contaminated materials.   The  process flow
diagram below shows how the technologies have been
integrated to treat mixed waste streams.

During the initial treatment step, feed  soil is prepared
using standard techniques, such as screening, crushing,
and grinding to remove oversized material and provide
a consistent feed material.
           Thermal treatment removes volatile and semi-volatile
           organics from the soil.  Soil is indirectly heated in a
           rotating  chamber,   volatilizing  the  organic
           contaminants and any moisture in the soil.  The soil
           passes through the chamber and is collected as a dry
           solid.   The volatilized  organics  and water  are
           condensed into separate liquid phases.  The organic
           phase  is decanted and  removed for disposal.  The
           contaminated  aqueous phase  is  passed through
           activated  carbon, which  removes soluble  organics
           before combining with the thermally treated soil.

           Inorganic contaminants are removed by three physical
           and  chemical separation  techniques:    (1) gravity
           separation of high  density particles;  (2) chemical
           precipitation  of  soluble  metals; and  (3) chelant
           extraction of chemically bound metals.
                                          Organic Phase
                                                               Radionuclides
                                                                on Resin
                                          Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Page 74
The SITE Program assesses but does not
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                                                                                       February 2003
                                                                                   Completed Project
Gravity separation is used to separate higher density
particles  from  common  soil.     Radionuclide
contaminants are typically found inthis fraction. The
gravity separation device (shaker table, jig, cone, or
spiral) depends on contaminant distribution and the
physical properties of the thermally treated soil.

Many  radionuclides and  other  heavy metals  are
dissolved  or suspended  in the aqueous separation
media.  These contaminants are separated from the
soils  and  are precipitated.   A potassium ferrate
formulation precipitates radionuclides.  The resulting
macrocrystalline precipitant is removed, allowing the
aqueous stream to be recycled.

Some insoluble  radionuclides remain  with the soil
following  the gravity  separation process.   These
radionuclides are removed by chelant extraction. The
chelant solution then passes through an ion-exchange
resin to remove the radionuclides and is recycled to the
chelant extraction step.

The contaminants are collected as concentrates from
all  waste  process  streams for recovery or off-site
disposal  at  commercial   hazardous  waste   or
radiological waste facilities. The decontaminated soil
can be returned to the site as clean fill.

WASTE APPLICABILITY:

This process treats soils contaminated with organic,
inorganic, and radioactive material.

STATUS:

The mixed waste treatment process was selected for
the SITE Emerging Technology Program in October
1991. Bench- and pilot-scale testing was completed in
late 1995; a report detailing evaluation results was
made available  from EPA  in  1997.   Individual
components  of  the  treatment  process  have been
demonstrated on  various wastes from  the U. S.
Departmentof Energy,(DOE), the U.S. Departmentof
Defense, and commercial sites. Thermal separation
 has removed and recovered polychlorinatedbiphenyls
from soils contaminated with uranium and technetium.
These soils  were  obtained from two separate DOE
gaseous diffusion plants.

Gravity  separation  of  radionuclides  has  been
demonstrated at pilot scale on Johnston Atoll in the
Pacific.  Gravity  separation successfully removed
plutonium from native coral soils.

Water   treatment   using  the   potassium  ferrate
formulations has been demonstrated at several DOE
facilities in laboratory  and full-scale tests.   This
treatment approach reduced cadmium, copper, lead,
nickel,  plutonium, silver,  uranium,  and zinc  to
dischargeable levels.

Chelant extraction has successfully treated surface
contamination in the nuclear industry for more than 20
years.   Similar results are  expected for  subsurface
contamination.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Douglas Grosse
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
    Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH  45268
513-569-7844
Fax:513-569-7585
e-mail: grosse.douglas@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Ed Alperin
IT Corporation
312 Directors Drive
Knoxville, TN 37923-4709
865-690-3211
Fax: 865-694-9573
                                          The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                            approve or endorse technologies.
                                     Page 75

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Technology Profile
               EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                                   IT CORPORATION
                     (formerly OHM Remediation Services Corporation)
                        (Oxygen Microbubble In Situ Bioremediation)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The application of in situ microbial degradation of
petroleum hydrocarbons (PHC) has become a common
and widespread practice. The most common factor
limiting the rate of in situ biodegradation of PHCs is
the amount of oxygen available in the saturated and
unsaturated zones.   Therefore, OHM Remediation
Services  Corporation   (OHM)  has  focused  on
developing techniques for delivering oxygen to the
subsurface to enhance in situ microbial degradation of
PHCs. OHM has extensive experience with oxygen
delivery   techniques  such   as  bioventing  and
biosparging to  enhance    microbial  degradation.
Injection of oxygen microbubbles is being investigated
by OHM as an oxygen delivery system for the in situ
biodegradation  of PHCs in  the  unsaturated and
saturated zones. OHM has conducted laboratory  tests
  and     field   demonstrations   of  the  oxygen
microbubble technology in conjunction with the U.S.
EPA  and the U.S. Armstrong Laboratories .Oxygen
                 microbubble technology (see figure  below) uses  a
                 continuously generated stream of oxygen and water
                 solution containing low concentrations of a surfactant.
                 A water stream containing about 200 milligrams per
                 liter of surfactant is mixed  with  oxygen under
                 pressure. The resulting oxygen  and water mixture is
                 pumped  through a  microbubble  generator  that
                 produces a zone of high-energy mixing. The result is
                 a 60 to 80 percent by volume dispersion  of bubbles,
                 with a typical bubble diameter ranging from 50 to 100
                 microns. The microbubble dispersion is then pumped
                 through an injection well into the treatment zone.  The
                 microbubbles  deliver  oxygen to   contaminated
                 groundwater, providing an oxygen source for aerobic
                 biodegradation of the contaminant by the  indigenous
                 microflora.
                                                                            PRESSURE
                                                                            REGULATING
                                                                             VALVE
                                                                            MICROBUBBLE
                                                                      INJECTION  COLLECTION
                                                                       POINT     TANK
                  LEGEND


                  PRESSURE SWITCH

                  CHECKVALVE

                  PRESSURE RELIEF
                  VALVE
SAMPLE PORT

SOLENOID VALVE (NORMALLY CLOSED)

BALL/SHUT OFF VALVE
                                    Oxygen Microbubble In Situ Bioremediation
Page 76
      The SITE Program assesses but docs not
        approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                       February 2003
                                                                                   Completed Project
WASTE APPLICABILITY:

The process has successfully treated groundwater
contaminated with a number of organic compounds
including volatile organic compounds, semivolatile
organic compounds, and petroleum hydrocarbons.

STATUS:

The Oxygen Microbubble In Situ  Bioremediation
process was accepted into the Emerging Technology
Program  in  summer 1992.  This process is being
evaluated at a jet fuel spill site at Tyndall Air Force
Base in Panama City, Florida.

The overall objective of this project is to evaluate the
in  situ  application  of the  oxygen  microbubble
technology  for bioremedation.   The  goals  are  to
determine   subsurface  oxygen  transfer  to   the
groundwater, retention of the microbubble in the soil
matrix,  and  biodegradation  of the  petroleum
hydrocarbons present in the soil and groundwater.

A pilot test  was performed at the site in  1995.  The
objective of the test was to determine the rate at which
generated microbubbles could be injected into the
surficial aquifer at the site. In addition, changes in the
microbubbles and the aquifer during injection were
monitored.  Specific parameters monitored included
the  following:

    • Microbubble quality, quantity, and stability
    • Microbubble injection rate and pressure
    • Lateral migration rates of microbubbles
    •Lateral extent of migration of surfactant in
     the aquifer
    • Lateral  changes  in  dissolved  oxygen
     concentration in the aquifer
    • Rate of migration of tracer gas (helium)  in
    the vadose zone
    • Oxygen in the vadose zone
 The pilot  test verified that microbubbles can  be
 injected  into  a  shallow  aquifer  consisting  of
 unconsolidated, fine-grained sediments.  The study
 also verified that aquifer characteristics allowed  the
 injection of the microbubble foam at rates of at least 1
 gallon per minute. Continued injection of foam after
 about 45 minutes resulted in coalescence of the foam
 based on pressure measurements. The microbubble
 foam was observed to persist in the aquifer for long
 periods of time.  This testing supported the use of
 oxygen microbubbles as an oxygen delivery system for
 in situ bioremediation.

 The next testing phase at the site began in fall 1996.
 During this test, multiple injection points were used to
 determine the maximum rate of foam injection while
 maintaining foam stability.  Oxygen was used  as the
 gas for microbubble production.   The rentention  of
 oxygen microbubbles was compared to spargedair to
 determine oxygen delivery efficiency.

 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

 EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
 Ronald Lewis
 U.S. EPA
 National Risk Management Research
    Laboratory
 26 West Martin Luther King Drive
 Cincinnati, OH 45268
 513-569-7856
 Fax:513-569-7105

 TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
 Douglas Jerger
 IT Corporation
 Technology Applications
304 Directors Drive
Knoxville, TO 37923
423-690-32 llext. 2803
Fax: 423-694-9573
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                            approve or endorse technologies.
                                     Page 77

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                                   IT CORPORATION
                         (Photolytic and Biological Soil Detoxification)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

This technology is a two-stage, in situ photolytic and
biological detoxification process for shallow  soil
contamination. The first step in the process degrades
the  organic  contaminants  with ultraviolet (UV)
radiation.  The photolytic degradation rate is several
times faster with artificial UV light than with natural
sunlight.  The degradation process is enhanced by
adding  detergent-like  chemicals (surfactants)  to
mobilize  the  contaminants.    Photolysis  of  the
contaminants converts them to more easily degraded
compounds.    Periodic  sampling   and  analysis
determines  when  photolysis   is   complete.
Biodegradation, the second, step, further destroys
organic contaminants and detoxifies the soil.

When   sunlight  is  used  to treat shallow  soil
contamination, the soil is first tilled with a power tiller
and  sprayed with  surfactant.   The soil  is tilled
frequently to expose new surfaces and sprayed often.
Water may also be added to maintain soil moisture.
          When UV  lights  are  used,  parabolic  reflectors
          suspended over the soil  increase the amount of UV
          irradiation (see figure below).   After  photolysis  is
          complete, biodegradation  is enhanced by  adding
          microorganisms and nutrients and further tilling the
          soil.

          When these techniques are applied to soils with deep
          contamination, soil needs to be excavated and treated
          in a specially constructed shallow treatment basin that
          meets Resource Conservation  and  Recovery Act
          requirements.  When soil contamination is shallow,
          photolysis and housing  prevent contaminants  from
          migrating to groundwater.

          The only treatment residuals are soil  contaminated
          with  surfactants and  the end  metabolites of the
          biodegradationprocesses. The end metabolites depend
          on the original contaminants.   The surfactants are
          common materials used in agricultural formulations.
          Therefore, the soils can be left on site.
                                  Photolytic Degradation Process Using UV Lights
 Page 78
The SITE Program assesses but does not
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                                                                                     February 2003
                                                                                  Completed Project
WASTE APPLICABILITY:

This photolytic and biological soil detoxification
process destroys organics, particularly dioxins such as
tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin(TCDD),polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCB), other poly chlorinated aromatics, and
polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons.

STATUS:

This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology Program in 1989; the  evaluation was
completed in 1992. The Emerging Technology Report
(PB95-159992) is available for purchase from the
National Technical  Information  Services.   The
Emerging Technology Bulletin (EPA/540/F-94/502)
and Emerging Technology Summary (EPA/540/SR-
94/531) are available from EPA.

Bench-scale tests conducted on dioxin-contaminated
soil showed that the effectivenessof surface irradiation
to degrade TCDDs or PCBs is strongly influenced by
soil type.  Early tests on sandy soils showed greater
than 90 percent removals for both TCDDs and PCBs.
Using a 450-watt mercury lamp, the irradiation time
was more than 20 hours for greater than 90 percent
destruction of TCDD and more than  4 hours for
greater  than  90  percent  destruction of PCBs.
However, a  high  humic content  decreased the
effectivenessof the UV photolysis. Soil contaminated
with PCBs  in the bench-scale tests had a high clay
content. The highest removal rate for these soils was
30 percent, measured over a 16-hour irradiation time.

The bench-scale tests used a medium-pressuremercury
UV lamp; sunlight was ineffective.  No significant
improvement in PCB destruction was achieved using
a pulsed UV lamp.

The process was also tested with Fenton's reagent
chemistry as an alternate method of degrading PCBs to
moreeasily biodegradedcompounds. PCB destruction
ranged from  nondetectable to 35 percent.   Data
indicates that no significant change in PCB chlorine
level distribution occurred during treatment.
Other studies examined PCB biodegradability in (1)
soil treated with a surfactant and UV radiation, (2)
untreated  soil,  and  (3) soil known  to  have PCB-
degrading organisms. Study results were as follows:

    PCB removal in the UV-treated soil, untreated
    soil, and soil with known biological activity was
    higher when augmented with an  isolated PCB
    degrader (microorganism).
    In the untreated soil, biphenyl was more efficient
    at   inducing   PCB   degradation  than   4-
    bromobiphenyl.
•   For the treated soil, surfactant treatment may have
    inhibited  microbial activity due  to high total
    organic carbon and low pH.

Isolation and enrichment  techniques have made it
possible  to  isolate microorganisms  capable of
biodegrading PCBs in contaminated soil.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Randy Parker
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
 Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH  45268
513-569-7271
Fax:513-569-7571
e-mail: parker.randy@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Duane Graves
IT Corporation
312 Directors Drive
Knoxville, TN 37923-4709
865-690-3211
Fax: 865-694-3626
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                    Page 79

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Technology Profile
                             EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                                    IT CORPORATION
                              (Tekno Associates Bioslurry Reactor)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

IT Corporation (IT) has used the Bioslurry Reactor
(developed by Tekno Associates, SaltLakeCity, Utah)
to treat polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in
soil.   Traditional biological  treatments,  such as
landfarming  and  in  situ bioremediation, may not
reduce PAHs in  soil to target levels in a timely
manner.   Slurry  reactors  are more  efficient  for
bioremediation and more economical than thermal
desorption and incineration.

During the project, IT operated one 10-liter and two
60-liter bioslurry  reactors  (see figure below)  in
semicontinuous, plug-flow mode.  The first 60-liter
reactor received fresh feed daily and supplements of
salicylate and  succinate.  alicylate   induces  the
naphthalene degradation operon on PAH plasmids in
                               the microorganisms.  This system has been shown to
                               degrade   phenanthrene  and  anthracene.    The
                               naphthalene  pathway  may  also  play  a  role  in
                               carcinogenic PAH (CPAH) metabolism. Succinate is
                               a by-product of naphthalene metabolism and serves as
                               a general carbon source.

                               The first 60-liter reactor removed easily degradable
                               carbon and increased biological activity against more
                               recalcitrant PAHs (three-ring compounds and higher).

                               Effluent  from the first reactor overflowed to the
                               second  60-liter  reactor in  series, where  Fenton's
                               reagent (hydrogen peroxide and iron salts) was added
                               to accelerate oxidation for four- to six-ring PAHs.
                               Fenton's  reagent produces  a free  radical  that can
                               oxidize multi-ring aromatic hydrocarbons.
                                                                                      ATMOSPHERE
                   LEGEND:
                    /T\ SAMPLE PORT
                                     PRESSURE REGULATOR
                    /M) PRESSURE INDICATOR (ffi) TIMER
                KM
                FEED
                MIXER
B-1
AIR
BLOWER
R.1      U-2ABC     T-7
AIR      BKJREACTOR  BIQREACTOR 2
ROTAMETER  MIXER     (SOIL)
                T-1       p-i      S-1
                FEED     FEED PUMP  AIR
                CONTAINER  (12UOAY)  FILTER
                BIOREACTOR1  BIOREACTDR 3
                (SOIL}      (SOIL)
Z-1        P-5      Z-2
CARBON     EFFLUENT  AIR
ADSORPTION  PUMP    SAMPLING
                DEVICE
                           p-e
                           SLURRY
                           PUMP
                                           T-2
                                           CLAR1FIER
                T-6
                EFFLUENT
                CONTAINER
                POL)
                              Tekno Associates Bioslurry Reactor System
Page 80
                    The SITE Program assesses but does not
                      approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                  -   February 2003
                                                                                 Completed Project
The T-8  reactor (third in a series) was used as a
polishing reactor to remove any partially oxidized
contaminants  remaining after the  Fenton's reagent
treatment. Slurry was removed from this reactor and
clarified using gravity settling techniques.

Operation of the reactors as described increased the
rate and extent of PAH  biodegradation,  making
bioslurry treatment of impacted soils and sludges a
more effective and economical remediation option.

WASTE APPLICABILITY:

This technology is applicable to PAH-contaminated
soils and sludges that can be readily excavated for
slurry reactor treatment. Soils from coal gasification
sites, wood-treating facilities, petrochemical facilities,
and coke plants are typically contaminated with PAHs.

STATUS:

This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology Program in 1993. Under this program, IT
conducted a pilot-scale investigation of the three slurry
reactors operating in series.  A suitable soil for the
pilot-scale test was obtained  from a wood^treating
facility in the southeastern U.S. About 4,000 pounds
of PAH-impacted soil was screened and treated during
summer 1994.  CPAH  and  PAH removals  were
demonstrated  at 84 and 95 percent, respectively. A
final report is available from EPA.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Valdis R. Kukainis
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
    Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7955
Fax:513-569-7879
e-mail: kukainis.valids@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Kandi Brown
IT Corporation
312 Directors Drive
Knoxville,TN 37923
865-690-3211
Fax: 865-690-3626
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                    Page 81

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                                          KSE, INC.
                           (Adsorption-Integrated-Reaction Process)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The  Adsorption-Integrated-Reaction   (AIR  2000)
process combines two unit operations, adsorption and
chemical reaction, to treat air streams containing dilute
concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
(see photograph below).

The  contaminated  air  stream  containing  dilute
concentrations of VOCs flows into a photocatalytic
reactor, where chlorinated and nonchlorinated VOCs
are destroyed. The VOCs are trapped on the surface of
a  proprietary  catalytic adsorbent.   This catalytic
adsorbent is continuously illuminated with ultraviolet
light, destroying the  trapped, concentrated  VOCs
through enhanced  photocatalytic oxidation.   This
system design simultaneously destroys  VOCs and
continuously regeneratesthe catalytic adsorbent. Only
oxygen in the air is needed as a reactant.

The treated effluent air contains carbon dioxide and
water, which are carried out in the air stream exiting
the reactor. For chlorinated VOCs, the chlorine atoms
are converted to hydrogen chloride with some chlorine
           gas. If needed, these gases can be removed from the
           air stream with conventional scrubbers and adsorbents.
           The AIR 2000 process offers advantages over other
           photocatalytic  technologies  because  of  the high
           activity,  stability, and selectivityof the photocatalyst.
           The photocatalyst, which is not primarily titanium
           dioxide,  contains   a  number  of  different
           semiconductors,  which  allows  for rapid  and
           economical treatment of VOCs in air. Previous results
           indicate  that the photocatalyst is highly resistant  to
           deactivation,  even  after thousands   of  hours  of
           operation in the field.

           The particulate-based photocatalyst allows for more
           freedom in reactor design and more economical scale-
           up than  reactors with  a catalyst film coated on a
           support medium. Packed beds, radial  flow reactors,
           and monolithic reactors are all feasible reactor designs.
           Because the  catalytic  adsorbent  is  continuously
           regenerated, it does not require disposal or removal for
           regeneration, as traditional carbon adsorption typically
           does.  The AIR 2000 process produces no residual
           wastes or by-products  needing further treatment  or
           disposal as hazardous waste. Thetreatment system is
                                                    AIR2000
 Page 82
The SITE Program assesses but does not
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                                                                                      February 2003
                                                                                  Completed Project
self-contained and mobile, requires a small amount of
space,   and requires  less  energy  than  thermal
incineration or catalytic oxidation.  In addition, it has
lower  total system  costs  than  these traditional
technologies, and can be constructed of fiberglass
reinforced plastic (FRP) due to the low  operating
temperatures.

WASTE APPLICABILITY:

The AIR 2000 process is designed to  treat a wide
range of VOCs in air, ranging in concentration from
less than 1 to as many as  thousands  of parts  per
million. The process can destroy the following VOCs:
chlorinated hydrocarbons,  aromatic  and  aliphatic
hydrocarbons,   alcohols,   ethers,  ketones,  and
aldehydes.

The AIR 2000 process can be integrated with existing
technologies, such as thermal desorption., air stripping,
or soil vapor extraction, to treat additional media,
including soils, sludges, and groundwater.

The AIR 2000 process was accepted into the SITE
Emerging Technology Program  in 1995.   Studies
under the Emerging Technology Program are focusing
on (1) developing photocatalysts  for a broad range of
chlorinated and nonchtorinated  VOCs,  and  (2)
designing advanced and cost-effective photocatalytic
reactors for remediation and industrial service.

The AIR 2000 Process was initially evaluated at full-
scale operation for treatment of soil vapor extraction
off-gas at Loring Air Force Base (AFB).  Destruction
efficiency of tetrachloroethene exceeded 99.8 percent.
The performance results were presented at the 1996
World Environmental Congress.
                                version  of the
                                as  part  of
The  AIR-I  process,  an  earlier
technology,  was  demonstrated  as   part  ot  a
groundwater remediation demonstration project  at
Dover AFB in Dover, Delaware, treating effluent air
from a groundwater stripper.  Test results showed
more  than 99 percent removal of dichloroethane
(DC A) from air initially containing about 1 ppm DC A
and saturated with water vapor.
The AIR 2000 Process was accepted into the SITE
Demonstration program in 1998.  A demonstration
was completed at a Superfund site in Rhode Island. A
project bulletin was to be completed in 2001 and other
project reports are still in  preparation.

DEMONSTRATION RESULTS:

A 700 SCFM commercial unit is now operating at a
Superfund Site in Rhode Island, destroying TCE, DCE
and vinyl chloride in the combined off-gas from a SVE
system and a groundwater stripper. Results collected
during August to October 1999 show that the system
is operating at 99.6% destruction efficiency. The AIR
2000 unit is operating unattended, with the number of
UV lamps being illuminated changing automatically
in response to changing flow conditions for maximum
performance at minimum cost.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Vince Gallardo
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
  Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7176
Fax:513-569-7620
e-mail: gallardo.vincente@epamail.epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY  DEVELOPER CONTACT:
J.R. Kittrell
KSE, Inc.
P.O. Box 368
Amherst,MA 01004
413-549-5506
Fax:413-549-5788
e-mail: kseincfojaol.com
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                                                                          Page 83

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                  KVAERNER ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT
                    (formerly Davy International Environmental Division)
                                     (Chemical Treatment)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

This treatment employs resin-in-pulp (RIP) or carbon-
in-pulp (CIP) technologies to treat soils, sediments,
dredgings,  and solid residues contaminated with
organic and inorganic material. These technologies
are based on resin ion exchange and resin or carbon
adsorption of contaminants from a leachedsoil-slurry
mixture.

RIP and CIP processes are used on a commercial scale
to recover metals from ores. The RIP process recovers
uranium and uses anion exchange resins to adsorb
uranium ions leached from  ore.  The CIP  process
recovers precious metals.  In this process, activated
carbon adsorbs gold and silver leached  as  cyanide
          complexes. The figure below illustrates a typical
          process   for   metals  and  other  inorganically
          contaminated soils.  Incoming material is screened,
          and over-sized material iscrushed. The two fractions
          are then combined and leached in an agitated tank,
          where the contaminants are extracted.  The leached
          solids are then passed to cyclones that separate coarse
          and fine material. The coarse material is washed free
          of contaminants, and the wash liquors containing the
          contaminants are passed to the contaminant recovery
          section. The leached fine fraction passes to the RIP or
          CIP contactor, where ion-exchange resins or activated
          carbon remove the contaminants. The difficult fines
          washing step is thereby eliminated.
                     Contaminated
                        Soil
                                                                        Wash
                                                                        Water
         Leach
        ReagenT
                                                    Decontaminated Fines Fraction

                                    Chemical Treatment Process
Page 84
The SITE Program assesses but does not
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                                                                                      February 2003
                                                                                  Completed Proiect
The resins and carbons are eluted and recycled in the
extraction step, and the concentrated contaminants in
the effluent pass to the recovery section.   In  the
recovery section, precipitation recovers contaminants
from the wash and eluate solutions. The precipitation
yields a concentrated solid material  and can  be
disposed of or treated to recover metals or other
materials.  The liquid effluent  from  the recovery
section can be recycled to the process.

For organically contaminated feeds, the in-pulp or
slurry process treats the whole leached solid. Organic
contaminants eluted from the resin or carbon must be
treated appropriately by a separate technology.

Both  the RIP  and CIP commercial  scale processes
operate in multistage, continuous,  countercurrent
contactors arranged horizontally.

WASTE APPLICABILITY:

This chemical treatment technology treats soils and
other  materials contaminated with  inorganic and
organic wastes.  Inorganics include heavy metals such
as copper,  chromium, zinc, mercury,  and arsenic.
Treatment of materials containing organics such  as
chlorinated solvents, pesticides, and polychlorinated
biphenyls requires appropriate extractantreagents and
sorbent materials.

STATUS:

This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology Program in July 1991.  Laboratory studies
have been underway since January 1991.  Bench-scale
tests have successfully met targets for  removal  of
several heavy metal contaminants.
Arsenic and mercury have proven more difficult to
remove;  however, laboratory  tests  have  reduced
arsenic to below 30 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg)
in soil and mercury to 0.5 mg/kg in soil in the major
fraction of the soil. Due to the lack of demand for this
technology in the European Market, Davy has decided
to withdraw from the SITE Program.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Vincente Gallardo
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
    Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH  45268
513-569-7176
Fax:513-569-7620
e-mail: gallardo.vincente@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Simon Clarke
Kvaerner Energy & Environment
Ashmore House
Richardson Road
Stockton-On-Tee s
Cleveland TS183RE
England
011-44-1642-602221
Fax:011-44-1642-341001
e-mail: simon.clarkefSkvaeraer.com
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does nol
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                    Page 85

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Technology Profile
       EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                      MATRIX PHOTOCATALYTIC INC.
                                (Photocatalytic Air Treatment)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

Matrix Photocatalytic Inc.  is developing a titanium
dioxide (TiO2)photocatalytic air treatment technology
that destroys volatile organic compounds (VOC) and
semivolatile  organic  compounds in  air streams.
During  treatment,  contaminated  air  at  ambient
temperatures flows through a fixed TiO2catalyst bed
activated by ultraviolet (UV) light. Typically, organic
contaminants are destroyed in fractions of a second.

Technology advantages include the following:

•   Robust equipment
•   No residual toxins
•   No ignition source
•   Unattended operation
»   Low direct treatment cost
          The technology has been tested on benzene, toluene,
          ethylbenzene,  and   xylene;   trichloroethene;
          tetrachloroethane;  isopropyl  alcohol;   acetone;
          chloroform; methanol; and methyl ethyl ketone.  A
          field-scale system is shown in the photograph on the
          next page.

          WASTE APPLICABILITY:

          The TiO2 photocatalytic air treatment technology can
          effectively treat dry or moist air. The technology has
          been demonstrated to purify contaminant steam
          directly,  thus eliminating the need to condense.
          Systems of 100 cubic feet per minute have been
          successfully testedon vapor extraction operations, air
          stripper emissions, steam from desorption processes,
          and VOC emissions from manufacturing facilities.
          Other potential applications include odor removal,
          stack gas treatment, soil venting, and manufacturing
                           Full-Scale Photocatalytic Air Treatment System
 Page 86
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                    February 2003
                                                                                Completed Project
ultra-pure air for residential, automotive, instrument,
and medical needs.  Systems of up to about 1,000
cubic feet per minute can be cost- competitive with
thermal destruction systems.

STATUS:

The TiO2 photocatalytic air treatment technologywas
accepted into SITE Emerging Technology Program
(ETP) in October 1992; the evaluation was completed
in 1993.   Based on results from  the ETP, this
technology was invited to participate in the SITE
Demonstration Program.  For  further  information
about the  evaluation under  the ETP,  refer to the
journal article(EPA/600/A-93/282), which is available
from EPA. A suitable  demonstration  site is being
sought.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Richard Eilers
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
  Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7809
Fax:513-569-7111
e-mail: eilers.richard@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Bob Henderson
Matrix Photocatalytic Inc.
22 Pegler Street
London, Ontario, Canada N5Z 2B5
519-660-8669
Fax:519-660-8525
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                    Page 87

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                       MATRIX PHOTOCATALYTIC INC.
                    (Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase Organic Destruction)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The Matrix Photocatalytic Inc. (Matrix) photocatalytic
oxidation system, shown in the photograph below,
removes dissolved organic contaminants from water
and destroys them in a continuous  flow process at
ambient temperatures.  When excited by light, the
titanium  dioxide  (TiO2) semiconductor  catalyst
generates hydroxyl radicals that oxidatively break the
carbon bonds of hazardous organic compounds.

The  Matrix  system  converts  organics such  as
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB); phenols; benzene,
toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX); and others
to carbon dioxide,  halides,  and water.  Efficient
destruction typically occurs between 30 seconds and 2
minutes actual exposure time. Total organic carbon
removal takes longer, depending on the other organic
molecules and their molecular weights.
           The Matrix system was initially designed to destroy
           organic pollutants or to remove total organic carbon
           from drinking water, groundwater, and plant process
           water.  The Matrix  system  also destroys organic
           pollutants  such  as   PCBs,   polychlorinated
           dibenzodioxins,   polychlorinated  dibenzofurans,
           chlorinated alkenes, chlorinated phenols, chlorinated
           benzenes, alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, and amines.
           Inorganic pollutants such as cyanide, sulphite, and
           nitrite ions can be oxidized to cyanate ion,  sulphate
           ion, and nitrate ion, respectively.

           WASTE APPLICABILITY:

           The Matrix system  can treat a wide range  of
           concentrations of organic pollutants in industrial
           wastewater and can be applied to the ultrapure water
           industry and the drinking water industry. The Matrix
           system can also remediate groundwater.
                    10-Gallon-Per-Minute TiO2 Photocatalytic System Treating BTEX in Water
Page 88
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                    February 2003
                                                                                Completed Project
STATUS:

The system was  accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology Program (ETP) in May 1991.  Results
from the ETP evaluation were published in a journal
article  (EPA/540/F-94/503)  available  from  EPA.
Based on results from the ETP, Matrix was invited to
participate in the Demonstration Program.

During August  and September  1995,  the  Matrix
system was demonstrated at  the  K-25 site  at the
DepartmentofEnergy'sOak Ridge Reservation in Oak
Ridge, Tennessee. Reports detailing the results from
the demonstration are available from EPA.

DEMONSTRATION RESULTS:

Results from the demonstration are detailed below:

•  In general, high percent removals (up to 99.9
   percent) were observed for both aromatic volatile
   organic compounds  (VOCs)  and unsaturated
   VOCs.   However,  the  percent  removals for
   saturated VOCs were  low  (between 21 and 40
   percent).
*  The percent removals for all VOCs increased with
   increasing number of  path lengths and oxidant
   doses.  At equivalent contact times, changing the
   flow rate did  not appear to impact the treatment
   system performance for all aromatic VOCs and
   most  unsaturated  VOCs   (except   1,1-
   dichloroethene [DCE]). Changing the flow rate
   appeared to impact the system  performance for
   saturated VOCs.
•  The effluent  met the  Safe Drinking Water Act
   maximum contaminant levels (MCL) for benzene;
   cis-1,2-DCE; and 1,1 -DCE at a significant level of
   0.05.  However, the effluent did not meet the
   MCLs   for  tetrachloroethene  (PCE);
   trichloroethene(TCE); l,l-dichloroethane(DCA);
   and 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA) at a significant
   level of 0.05. The influent concentrations for
   toluene and total xylenes were below the MCLs.
   In tests performed toevaluate the effluent's acute
   toxicity to water fleas and fathead minnows, more
   than 50 percent of the organisms died. Treatment
by the Matrix system did not reduce the groundwater
toxicity for the test organisms at a significant level of
0.05.
•   In general, the percent removals were reproducible
    for aromatic and unsaturated VOCs when the
    Matrix system  was operated under identical
    conditions. However, the percent removals were
    not reproducible for saturated VOCs. The Matrix
    system' s performance was generally reproducible
    in  (1) meeting the target  effluent  levels for
    benzene; cis-l,2-DCE; and 1,1-DCE; and (2) not
    meeting the target effluent levels for PCE; TCE;
    U-DCA; and 1,1,1-TCA.
•   Purgable organic compounds and total organic
    halides results indicated that some VOCs  were
    mineralized in the  Matrix  system.  However,
    formulation of aldehydes, haloacetic acids, and
    several tentatively identified compounds indicated
    that not all VOCs were completely mineralized.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Richard Eilers
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
    Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7809
Fax:513-569-7111
e-mail: eilers.ricahrd@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Bob Henderson
Matrix Photocatalytic Inc.
22 Pegler Street
London, Ontario, Canada
N5Z 2B5
519-660-8669
Fax:519-660-8525
                                        The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                          approve or endorse technologies.
                                    Page 89

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Tecnnoloey Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                      MEDIA & PROCESS TECHNOLOGY
                        (formerly Aluminum Company of America and
                              Alcoa Separation Technology, Inc.)
                                          (Bioscrubber)
This bioscrubbertechnology digests hazardous organic
emissions  generated  by  soil,  water,  and  air
decontamination processes. The bioscrubberconsists
of a filter  with an  activated  carbon  medium  that
supports microbial growth. This unique medium, with
increased   microbial  population   and  enhanced
bioactivity, converts diluted  organics into  carbon
dioxide, water, and other nonhazardous compounds.
The filter removes biomass, supplies  nutrients, and
adds moisture. A pilot-scale unit with a 4-cubic-foot-
per-minute  capacity  is being field-tested (see figure
below).

In addition to efficient degradation,  the bioscrubber
provides an effective sink to mitigate feed fluctuations.
During an 11-month bench-scale test, the bioscrubber
consistently removed contaminants such as petroleum
hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones, and amines from the
waste feed at levels ranging from less than  5 to
40 parts per million (ppm).
           The bioscrubber provides several advantages over
           conventional activated  carbon adsorbers.   First,
           bioregeneration  keeps  the  maximum  adsorption
           capacity constantly available; thus, the mass transfer
           zone remains stationary and  relatively short.  The
           carbon does not require refrigeration, and the required
           bed length is greatly reduced, thereby reducing capital
           and operating expenses. Finally, the chromatographic
           effect (premature desorption) common in an adsorber
           is  eliminated because  the  maximum capacity  is
           available constantly. The bioscrubber's advantages are
           fully exploited when the off-gas contains  weakly
           adsorbed contaminants, such as methylene chloride, or
           adsorbates competing with moisture in the  stream.
           The bioscrubber may replace activated carbon in some
           applications.
                                           Bioscrubber Pilot-Scale Unit
Page 90
The SITE Program assesses but does not
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                                                                                     February 2003
                                                                                 Completed Project
WASTE APPLICABILITY:

The   bioscrubber  technology  removes   organic
contaminants in air streams from  soil, water, or air
decontamination processes.    The technology  is
especially suited to treat streams containing aromatic
solvents, such as benzene, toluene, and xylene, as well
as alcohols, ketones, hydrocarbons, and others. The
technology has several applicationsto Superfund sites,
including (1) organic emission control for groundwater
decontamination using  air strippers,  (2) emission
control for biological treatment of ground and surface
water,  and   (3)   emission  control  for  soil
decontamination. These primary treatment processes
have not been designed to prevent volatile  organic
compound discharges  into the atmosphere.   The
bioscrubber is an ideal posttreatment component for
these  processes because  it  handles  trace  organic
volatiles economically and effectively.

STATUS:

This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology  Program in  July 1990.   Bench-scale
bioscrubbers operated continuously for more than 11
months to treat an air stream with trace concentrations
of toluene at about 10 to 20 ppm.  The bioscrubbers
accomplished a removal efficiency of greater than 95
percent. The filter had a biodegradation efficiency 40
to 80 times greater than existing filters. The project
was completed in June  1993.  Based on results from
the Emerging Technology Program, the bioscrubber
technology was invited to participate in the SITE
Demonstration Program.

Evaluation results have been published in the report
"Bioscrubber for  Removing Hazardous  Organic
Emissions from Soil, Water and Air Decontamination
Processes",  (EPA/540/R-93/521).  This report  is
available from the National  Technical Information
Service.    The  Emerging  Technology  Bulletin
(EPA/540/F- 93/507) and the Emerging Technology
Summary  (EPA/540/SR-93/521) are available from
EPA. An article on the technology was also published
in the Journal of A ir and Waste Management, Volume
44, March 1994, pp. 299-303.

The pilot-scale unit has also been tested on discharge
from an air stripping tower at a flow rate of 2 standard
cubic feet per minute.  The  discharge contained from
less  than  10  to 200 ppm toluene.   The unit
demonstrated  the  effectiveness,  efficiency, and
reliability of its design.  Additional tests are underway
to confirm results at higher  flow rates and with other
contaminants.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Paul dePercin
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
    Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7797
Fax:513-569-7105
e-Mail: depercin.paul@epa.gove

TECHNOLOGY  DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Paul Liu
Media and Process Technology, Inc.
1155 William Pitt Way
Pittsburgh, PA  15238
412-826-3711
Fax:412-826-3720
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                    Page 91

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
          MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, INC.
                              (VaporSep® Membrane Process)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The  Membrane  Technology and Research,  Inc.,
VaporSep® system, shown in the figure below, uses
synthetic  polymer membranes to remove  organic
vapors from contaminated air streams.  The  process
generates a clean air stream and  a  liquid  organic
stream.

Air laden with organic vapor contacts one side of a
membrane that is 10 to 100 times more permeable to
the organic compound than to air.  The membrane
separates the air into two streams:  a permeate stream
containing most of the organic vapor,  and a clean
residual air stream. The organic vapor is condensed
and removed as a liquid; the purified air stream may be
vented or recycled.
          The  VaporSep® system maintains a lower vapor
          pressure on the permeate side of the membrane to
          drive the permeation process. This pressure difference
          can be created by either compressing the feed stream
          or using a vacuum pump on the permeate stream.

          The VaporSep® systems built to date range in capacity
          from 1 to 700 standard cubic feet per minute. The
          systems are  significantly  smaller  than  carbon
          adsorption systems of similar capacity and can be
          configured for a wide range of feed flow rates and
          compositions.  The process has  been tested on air
          streams contaminated with a wide range of organic
          compounds at concentrations of 100 to over 100,000
          parts per million.
                             VaporSep® Membrane Organic Vapor Recovery System
Page 92
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                                            February 2003
                                        Completed Project
The VaporSep® system removes between 90 and 99
percent of the organic vapor, depending on the class of
organic compound and the system design. The system
produces only a purified air stream and a small volume
of organic condensate. The concentration of organics
in the purified  air stream is generally low enough for
discharge to the atmosphere.

WASTE APPLICABILITY:

VaporSep® systems can  treat most  air streams
containing flammable or nonflammable halogenated
and nonhalogenated organic compounds,  including
chlorinatedhydrocarbons,chlorofluorocarbons(CFC),
and fuel hydrocarbons.  Typical applications include
the following:

•  Reduction of process vent emissions, such as those
   regulated by EPA source performance standards
   for the synthetic organic chemical manufacturing
   industry.
•  Treatment of air stripper exhaust before discharge
   to the atmosphere.
•  Recovery of CFCs and hydrochlorofluorocarbons.
•  Recovery  of valuable  organic  feedstocks for
   recycling to the process.
•  Recovery of gasoline vapors.

STATUS:

This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology Program  in  1989; the  project was
completed in 1991. The process, demonstrated at both
the bench  and  pilot  scales, achieved   removal
efficiencies of over  99.5 percent for selected organic
compounds.  The  Emerging  Technology Bulletin
(EPA/540/ F-94/503) is available from EPA.
            Almost 40 VaporSep® systems have been supplied to
            customers in  the  United  States and overseas for
            applications such as the following:

            •   CFC and halocarbon recovery from process vents
               and transfer operations.
            •   CFC recovery from refrigeration systems.
            •   Vinyl chloride monomer recovery from polyvinyl
               chloride manufacturing operations.
            •   CFC-12/ethylene oxide recovery from sterilizer
               emissions.
            •   Recovery of monomers, other hydrocarbons,
               and   nitrogen   in  polyolefm  degassing
               processes.

            A VaporSep® system successfully treated an air stream
            from a soil vacuum extraction operation at a U.S.
            Department of Energy site.

            FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

            EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
            Paul dePercin
            U.S. EPA
            National Risk Management Research
               Laboratory
            26 West Martin Luther King Drive
            Cincinnati, OH 45268
            513-569-7797
            Fax:513-569-7105
            e-Mail: depercin.paul@epa.gov

            TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACTS:
            Marc Jacobs
            Doug Gottschlich
            Membrane Technology and Research, Inc.
            1360 Willow Road
            Menlo Park, CA 94025-1516
            650-328-2228
            Fax: 650-328-6580
            e-mail: mjacobs@mtrinc.com
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.
                                                                                         Page 93

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              Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                    METSO MINERALS INDUSTRIES, INC.
                         (formerly Svedala Industries, Inc.)
                  fPYROKILN THERMAL ENCAPSULATION Process)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The PYROKILN THERMAL ENCAPSULATION
process is designed to improve conventional rotary
kiln incineration of hazardous waste. The process
introduces inorganic additives (fluxing agents) to the
waste to  promote  incipient slagging  or thermal
encapsulating reactions near the kiln discharge. The
thermal  encapsulation is  augmented using other
additives in either the kiln or  in the air pollution
control (APC) baghouse to stabilize the metals in the
fly ash. The process is designed to (1) immobilize the
metals remaining in the kiln ash, (2) produce an easily
handled nodular form of ash, and (3) stabilize metals
in the fly ash, while avoiding the problems normally
experienced with higher temperature "slagging kiln"
operations.

The basis of this process is thermal encapsulation.
Thermal encapsulation traps metals in a controlled
melting process operating in the temperature range
between slagging and nonslagging modes, producing
ash nodules that are 0.25 to 0.75 inch in diameter.
          The figure below illustrates the process.   Wastes
          containing organic and metallic contaminants  are
          incinerated in a rotary kiln.  Metals (in particular,
          those with high melting points) are trapped in the
          bottom ash from the kiln through the use of fluxing
          agents that promote agglomeration with controlled
          nodulizing.

          The PYROKILN  THERMAL  ENCAPSULATION
          process may reduce leaching of metals to levels below
          EPA  Toxicity  Characteristic  Leaching Procedure
          (TCLP) limits for  metals.  Metals with low melting
          and vaporization temperatures, such as arsenic, lead,
          and zinc,  are  expected   to  partially volatilize,
          partitioning between the bottom ash and the fly ash.
          Metals concentrated in the fly ash may be stabilized, if
          necessary, by adding reagents to the kiln and to the
          APC system to reduce leaching to below TCLP limits.
          This process may also reduce the total dust load to the
          APC system and the amount of paniculate emissions
          from the stack.
                                   PYROKILN THERMAL ENCAPSULATION PROCESS
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                                                                                      February 2003
                                                                                  Completed Project
The use of fluxing reagents is a key element in this
technology. The fluxing agents are introduced into the
kiln in the proper amount and type to lower the ash's
softening temperature. Proper kiln design is required
to allow  the  kiln  outlet to function as  an ash
agglomerator. Good temperature control is required to
maintain the agglomerates at the correct particle size,
yielding the  desired 0.25- to 0.75-inch nodules. By
producing nodules,  rather than  a molten slag, the
process is expected to prevent operating problems such
as  ash  quenching,  overheating,  and  premature
refractory failure. The process should also simplify
cooling, handling, and conveyance of the ash.

The controlled nodulizing process should immobilize
metals with high boiling points. Lead, zinc, and other
metals with lower volatilization temperatures tend to
exit the kiln  as fine fumes. Reagents can be injected
into the kiln, the APC devices, or a final solids mixer
to aid in the collection of these metals from  the gas
stream.

WASTE APPLICABILITY:

The  technology  is  intended for soils and sludges
contaminated with organics and metals. As with other
rotary kiln systems, the process is expected to destroy
a  broad  range  of organic  species,   including
halogenated  and   nonhalogenated   organics   and
petroleum products.  Svedala Industries, Inc., claims
that  the following metals may  be  encapsulated or
stabilized:   antimony,  arsenic, barium, beryllium,
cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, selenium,
silver, thallium, and zinc.

STATUS:

This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology  Program in March 1990. A final report
has been prepared, and a technical paper summarizing
the project was presented in 1994 at the Air and Waste
 Management Association 87th Annual Meeting and
Exhibition in Cincinnati, Ohio. The final report was
published in the July 1995 issue of the Journal of the
Air and Waste Management Association.

A synthetic soil matrix was created for the batch rotary
kiln tests.  Feed preparation was  a key  element in
nodule production. These tests yielded nodules with
appropriate  crush strength.  Test results showed  a
decrease in TCLP  metal  leachate  levels  with
increasing crush strength.

An analytical method involving  microwave-aided
digestion was used to evaluate samples produced in a
second batch kiln test program. This method provided
excellent, consistent results, indicating leachability
below TCLP limits.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Marta K. Richards
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
    Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH  45268
513-569-7692
Fax:513-569-7676
e-mail: richards.marta@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACTS:
Bob Faulkner
Metso Minerals Industries, Inc.
350 Railroad Street
Danville, PA 17821
570-275-3050 ext. 7758
Fax:570-271-7737
                                          The SITE Program assesses but does Dot
                                            approve or endorse technologies.
                                      Page 95

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Technology Profile
         EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                      MONTANA COLLEGE OF MINERAL
                           SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
                                  (Air-Sparged Hydrocyclone)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The air-sparged hydrocyclone (ASH) was developed
at the University of Utah during the early 1980s to
achieve fast flotation of fine particles in a centrifugal
field.    The  ASH  consists   of two   concentric
right- vertical tubes with a conventional cycloneheader
at the top and a froth pedestal at the bottom (see figure
below). The inner tube is a porous tube through which
air is sparged. The outer tube serves as an air jacket to
evenly distribute air through the porous inner tube.

Slurry  is fed tangentially through the conventional
cyclone header to develop a swirl flow of a certain
thickness  in  the  radial  direction (the  swirl-layer
thickness). The swirl is discharged through an annular
opening between the porous tube wall and the froth
pedestal.  Air is sparged through the porous inner tube
wall and is sheared into small bubbles. These bubbles
are then radially transported, together with attached
           hydrophobic particles, into a froth phase that forms on
           the cyclone axis.  The froth phase is stabilized and
           constrained by the froth  pedestal at the underflow,
           moved toward the vortex finder of the cyclone header,
           and discharged as an overflow product. Water-wetted
           hydrophilic particles generally  remain  in the  slurry
           phase and are  discharged as an underflow product
           through the annulus created by the froth pedestal.

           During the past decade,  large mechanical flotation
           cells, such as aeration-stirred tank reactors, have been
           designed,  installed,  and  operated  for  mineral
           processing. In addition, considerable effort has been
           made to develop column flotation technology in the
           United States and elsewhere; a number have been
           installed  in industries.    Nevertheless, for both
           mechanical and column  cells, the specific flotation
           capacity is generally limited to 1 to 2  tons per day
           (tpd) per cubic foot of cell volume.  In contrast, the
           ASH has a specific flotation capacity of at least 100
           tpd per cubic foot of cell volume.
                            Overflow
                    Vortex Finder
                                                                      \_ Porous
                                                             Underflow Froth   Cylinder
                                    . Adjustable
                                    Froth Pedestal
                                            Air-Sparged Hydrocyclone
Page 96
The SITE Program assesses but does not
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                                                                                     February 2003
                                                                                 Completed Project
WASTE APPLICABILITY:

Conventional flotation techniques used in industrial
mineral processingare effective ways of concentrating
materials. However, metal value recovery is never
complete. The valuable material escaping the milling
process is frequently concentrated in the very fine
particle fraction.

The ASH can remove fine mineral particles that are
not normally amenable  to the conventional froth
flotation process. These particles are generally sulflde
minerals, such as galena (lead suifide)., sphalerite (zinc
suifide)  and chalcopyrite  (copper-  iron-sulfide).
Finely  divided  mining  wastes  containing  these
minerals oxidize and release the metallic elements as
dissolved sulfates into the groundwater. Particularly
applicable are tailings from older operations conducted
before the development  of froth flotation. Earlier
operations   recovered   minerals  by   gravity
concentration, which did not effectively capture fine
particles and  left tailings with  relatively  large
concentrations of the environmentally hazardous fine
suifide minerals.

STATUS:

This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology Program in June 1990. The most recent
pilot plant trials on  tailings generated  by gravity
concentration have confirmed both the technology's
ability to recover suifide minerals and  the high
throughput capacity claimed by proponents of the
ASH. However,  results  on the economics of ash
processing were inconclusive. Studies under the SITE
Program were completed in August  1994, and a
journal  article is pending.  The  pilot  plant was
dismantled after 4 years of operation.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Ed Bates
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
 Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7774
Fax:513-569-7676
e-mail: bates.edward@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Courtney Young
Montana College of Mineral Science
  and Technology
West Park Street
Butte, MT 57901
406-496-4158
Fax:406-496-4133
e-mail: Cyoung@mtech.edu
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                     Page 97

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Technology Profile
         EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                      MONTANA COLLEGE OF MINERAL
                          SCIENCE AND  TECHNOLOGY
                                   (Campbell Centrifugal Jig)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The Campbell Centrifugal Jig (CCS) is a mechanical
device that uses centrifugal force to  separate fine
heavy  mineral  and  metal particles  from  waste
materials. The CC J combines jigging and centrifuging
to separate  these  particles  from a  fluid  slurry.
TransMar, Inc., owns the patents and rights to the CCJ
technology.

Standard jigs separate solids  of different specific
gravities by differential settling in a pulsating bed and
gravitational field.  Jigs operating in this mode can
recover solids larger than about  150 mesh (105
microns).   Centrifuges are effective  in separating
solids from liquids but are not effective in separating
solids from solids.

The CCJ, shown in the figure below,  combines the
continuous flow and pulsating bed of the standard jig
with the enhanced acceleration forces of a centrifuge
to segregate and concentrate heavy particles from the
waste.  The CCJ can recover particles ranging in size
           from 1 to about 500 microns, depending on whether
           the particles are sufficiently disaggregated from the
           host material. The disaggregated particle should have
           a specific gravity at least 50 percent greater than the
           waste material. The CCJ does not need chemicals to
           separate the solids.

           Appropriately sized, slurried material is fed into the
           CCJ through a hollow shaft inlet at the top of the
           machine. The slurried material discharges from the
           shaft onto a diffiiser plate, which has vanes that
           distribute the material radially to the jig bed. The jig
           bed's  surface is  composed of stainless-steel shot
           ragging that  is  slightly  coarser than the screen
           aperture. The jig bed is pulsated by pressurized water
           admitted through  a screen  by  four  rotating pulse
           blocks. The pulsing water intermittently fluidizes the
           bed, causing heavier particles to move through the
           ragging and screen  to the concentrate port, while
           lighter particles continue across the face of the jig bed
           to the-tailings port.
                                       Slurry Intet
                         Pulse Water Inlet
                Cone Shroud
                   Hutch Area
               Pulse Water Outlet
                                     • Cone Outlet
                                          Cambell Centrifugal Jig (CCJ)
Page 98
The SITE Program assesses but does not
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                                                                                     February 2003
                                                                                 Completed Project
The effectiveness of separation depends on how well
the original solids are disaggregated from the waste
material and the specific
gravity of each solid. The slurried feed material may
require grinding to ensure

disaggregation of  the heavy metals.    Operating
parameters include pulse pressure, rotation speed or g-
load, screen aperture, ragging type and  size, weir
height, and feed percent solids.

The  CCJ  produces  heavy  mineral   or  metal
concentrates which, depending on the waste material,
may be further processed for extraction or sale.  A
clean  tailings  stream may  be  returned  to  the
environment.

WASTE APPLICABILITY:

The CCJ can separate and concentrate a wide variety
of materials, ranging from base metals to fine coal ash
and fine (1-micron) gold  particles.   Applications
include (1) remediation of heavy metal-contaminated
soils,  tailings, or  harbor  areas containing spilled
concentrates;  (2) removal of pyritic sulfur  and ash
from fine coal; and (3) treatment of some sandblasting
grit.

STATUS:

The CCJ was  accepted  into the SITE  Emerging
Technology Program in  May 1992.  The CCJ was
evaluated at the Montana College of Mineral Science
and Technology Research  Center (Montana Tech).
Montana Tech equipped a pilot plant to evaluate the
Series 12 CCJ, which has a capacity of 1 to 3 tons per
hour. Tests were completed in August 1994 on base-
metal mine tailings from various locations in western
Montana. A report on these tests is pending.
In addition, under the U.S. Department of Energy
(DOE) Integrated Demonstration Program, the CCJ
was tested on clean Nevada test site soil spiked with
bismuth as a surrogate for plutonium oxide.  These
tests occurred  at the University of Nevada, Reno,
during August and September 1994. In the future, the
CCJ will be tested for its ability to remove radioactive
contamination from soils from several DOE sites.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Randy Parker
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
 Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7271
Fax: 513-569-7571
e-mail: parker.randy@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Courtney Young
Montana College of Mineral Science
   and Technology
West Park Street
Butte,MT 59701
406-496-4158
Fax:406-496-4133
e-mail: Cyoung@mtech.edu
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                    Page 99

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TecEhology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
    NEW JERSEY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY HAZARDOUS
          SUBSTANCES MANAGEMENT RESEARCH CENTER
                       (formerly Hazardous Substance Management
                               Research Center at New Jersey
                                 Institute of Technology and
                        Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey)
                    (Pneumatic Fracturing and Bioremediation Process)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The  Hazardous  Substance Management Research
Center (HSMRC) has developed a technology for the
in situ remediation of organic contaminants.   The
process  enhances in situ  bioremediation through
pneumatic fracturing  to  establish  an  extended
biodegradation zone supporting aerobic, denitrifying,
and methanogenic populations.  The  technique  is
designed to provide faster transport of nutrients and
electron acceptors (for example, oxygen and nitrate)to
the  microorganisms,  particularly   in  geologic
formations with moderate to low permeability.

An overview of the process is shown in  the figure
below. First, the formation is pneumatically fractured
by applying high pressure air in 2-foot-long, discrete
intervals through a proprietary device known as an HQ
Injector. After the formation has been fractured with
air, nutrients or other chemicals are introduced into the
fracture network to stimulate biological activity. The
carrier gas and the particular amendments (atomized
liquid or dry media) injected into the formation
can be adjusted  according to the target contaminant
and the desired degradation environment (aerobic,
          denitrifying, and anaerobic).  The high air-to-liquid
          ratio atomizesthe liquid supplements during injection,
          increasing their ability to penetrate the fractured
          formation. In the final step of the process, the site is
          operated as an in situ bioremediation cell to degrade
          the contaminants. A continuous, low-level air flow is
          maintained through the fracture network by a vacuum
          pump to provide oxygen to the microbial populations.
          Periodically,  additional  injections  are  made  to
          replenish nutrients and electron acceptors.

          WASTE APPLICABILITY:

          The integrated process can be applied to a wide variety
          of geologic formations. In geologic formations with
          low  to  moderate  permeabilities,  such as  those
          containing clay, silt, or tight bedrock, the  process
          creates artificial fractures  which  increase formation
          permeability.    In    formations   with    higher
          permeabilities,  the process is still useful for  rapid
          aeration  and  delivery of  amendments  to  the
          microorganisms.
            Overview of the Integrated Pneumatic Fracturing and Bioremediation Process
Page 100
The SITE Program assesses but does not
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                                                                                      February 2003
                                                                                  Completed Project
STATUS:
This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology Program in July 1991 and was evaluated
at a gasoline refinery located in the Delaware Valley.
The soil at the site was contaminated with  benzene,
toluene, and xylene (BTX) at concentrations up to
1,500 milligrams per kilogram, along with other
hydrocarbons. The evaluation was completed in May
1994. Contact the EPA Project Manager for a copy of
the results from the evaluation.  A journal article has
been  submitted to the Journal of Air and  Waste
Management.

Throughout the 50-week pilot-scale, evaluation off-
gases were monitored  for BTX, carbon dioxide, and
methane, which  served  as indicators  of biological
activity. Process effectiveness was evaluated through
comparative analysis of soil samples collected at the
beginning and the end of the evaluation.

Vapor extraction tests revealed postfracture air flows
to be 24 to 105 times higher than prefracture air flows.
Measurements  of  ground   surface   heave  and
observations of fractures venting to the ground surface
indicated that the fractures had effective radii of up to
20 feet from the injection point.

Soil gas data collected at the monitoring wells show
that the indigenous microbial populations responded
favorably to the injection of the soil amendments. Soil
gas data consistently showed elevated levels of carbon
dioxide  immediately  following   each  injection,
indicating increased rates  of BTX mineralization.
Correspondingly, BTX concentration levels  in the
wells gradually declined over time after depletion of
oxygen  and nitrate,  at which time  methanogenic
processes began to dominate until the next subsurface
amendment injection.
Comparative analysis of soil samples extracted from
the site before and after the evaluation periodshowed
that a substantial amount of BTX was degraded as a
result of the integrated process. Total soil-phase BTX
was reduced from 28 kilograms to 6 kilograms over
the 50-week pilot test, corresponding to a 79 percent
reduction  in  total  BTX mass.  An assessment  of
pathways of BTX loss from the formation showed a
large proportion of the mass reduction (85  percent)
was attributable to bioremediation.
Process development for this evaluation was supported
in part by the U.S. Department of Defense, Advanced
Research Projects Agency, and the Office of Naval
Research.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA CONTACT
Randy Parker
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
  Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7271
Fax:513-569-7571
e-mail: parker.randy@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACTS:
John Schuring
Department of Civil and Environmental
    Engineering
New Jersey Institute of Technology
University Heights
Newark, NJ  07102
973-596-5849
Fax:973-802-1946
e-mail: schuring@njit.edu
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                            approve or endorse technologies.
                                   Page 101

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
               NEW JERSEY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
                                  (GHEA Associates Process)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The GHEA Associates process applies surfactants and
additives to soil washing and wastewater treatment to
make organic and metal contaminants soluble. In soil
washing, soil is first excavated, washed, and rinsed to
produce clean soil. Wash and rinse liquids are then
combined  and treated to separate  surfactants and
contaminants from the water. Next, contaminants are
separated  from the surfactants by  desorption and
isolated as a  concentrate. Desorption regenerates the
surfactants for repeated use in the process.

The liquid treatment consists of a sequence of steps
involving  phase  separation, ultrafiltration,  and  air
flotation (see figure below). The treated water meets
all National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
groundwater discharge criteria, allowing it to be (1)
discharged without further treatment, and (2) reused in
the process itself or reused as a source of high quality
water for other users.
          In  wastewater  treatment  applications,  surfactants
          added to the wastewater adsorb contaminants.  The
          mixture  is then treated  in  the  same  manner as
          described  above   for  (1)   water   purification,
          (2) separation of the contaminants, and (3) recovery of
          the surfactants.  The treatment process yields clean
          soil, clean water, and a highly concentrated fraction of
          contaminants.    No  other  residues,  effluents,  or
          emissions are produced. The figure below illustrates
          the GHEA process.

          WASTE APPLICABILITY:

          This technology can be  applied  to soil, sludges,
          sediments, slurries, groundwater, surface water, end-
          of-pipe industrial effluents, and in situ soil flushing.
          Contaminants that can be treated include both organics
          and heavy metals, nonvolatile and volatile organic
          compounds, and highly toxic refractory compounds.
Contaminated
Soil
Surfactant
Extraction
_t L_

Liquid
Rinse


Clean
Soil
                                        Recycle
                     Recycle
                                         GHEA Process for Soil Washing
 Page 102
The SITE Program assesses but does not
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                                                                                   February 2003
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 STATUS:

The technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology Program in June 1990. Treatabitity tests
were conducted on various matrices., including soils
with high clay contents, industrial oily  sludges,
industrial wastewater effluents,  and  contaminated
groundwater (see table below). In situ soil flushing
tests  have  shown  a  20-fold  enhancement  of
contaminant removal rates.  Tests using a 25-gallon
pilot-scale plant have  also been conducted.  The
Emerging Technology Bulletin (EPA/540/F-94/509),
which details evaluation results, is available from
EPA. Costs for treatment range from $50 to $80 per
ton.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Annette Gatchett
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
    Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7697
Fax:513-569-7620
e-mail: gatchett.annette@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Itzhak Gotlieb
GHEA Associates
5 Balsam Court
Newark, NJ 07068
201-226-4642       Fax: 201-703-6805
_ suwwifcfty. ®B TBEATABiiiiTY TEST RESULTS . _ .
MATRIX .
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC): Trichioroethene;
1,2-Dichloroethene; Benzene; Toluene
Soil, parts per million (ppm)
Water, parts per billion (ppb)
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH):
Soil, ppm
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCS):
Soil, ppm
Water, ppb
Trinitrotoluene in Water, ppm
Coal Tar Contaminated Soil (ppm):
Benzo[a]pyrene
Benzo[k]fluoranthene
Chrysene
Benzanthracene
Pyrene
Anthracene
Phenanthrene
Fluorene
Dibenzofuran
1 -Methylnaphthalene
2-Methylnaphthalene
Heavy Metals In Soil:
Chromium, ppm
Iron (III) in Water, ppm:
'ONTREATEex
SAMPLE'*
20.13
109.0
13,600
38O.OO
6,OOO.O
18O.O
28.8
24.1
48.6
37.6
124.2
83.6
207.8
92.7
58.3
88.3
147.3
21,000
30.8
TREATED
." • SAMPLE
O.05
2.5
80
O.57
<0.1
<.08
<0.1
4.4
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
99.9%
>99.5%
>99.7%
81.2%
>99.8%
>99.7%
>99.9%
>99.8%
>99.9%
>99.9%
>99.8%
98.5%
>99.9%
96.8%
99.O%
                                        The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                          approve or endorse technologies.
                                   Page 103

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Technology Profile
         EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                           PHARMACIA CORPORATION
                                  (formerly Monsanto/DuPont)
                              (Lasagna™ In Situ Soil Remediation)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The Lasagna™ process, so  named  because of its
treatment  layers,  combines electroosmosis  with
treatment layers which are  installed directly into the
contaminated  soil to form  an  integrated,  in-situ
remedial process.  The layers may be  configured
vertically or horizontally (see figures below).  The
process is designed to treat soil and  groundwater
contaminants completely in situ, without the use of
injection or extraction wells.

The outer  layers  consist  of either positively or
negatively  charged  electrodes  which  create an
electrical potential field.   The electrodes create an
electric field which moves  contaminants in soil  pore
fluids into or through treatment layers. In the vertical
configuration, rods that are steel or granular graphite
and iron filings can be used as electrodes.  In the
horizontal configuration, the electrodes and treatment
zones are installed by hydraulic fracturing.  Granular
graphite is used for the electrodes and the treatment
zones  are  granular  iron  (for zero-valent, metal-
enhanced, reductive  dechloronation)  or  granular
activated carbon (for biodegradation by methanotropic
microorganisms).
           The orientation of the electrodes and treatment zones
           depends  on the  characteristics  of the site and  the
           contaminants.  In general, the vertical configuration is
           probably  more  applicable   to  more  shallow
           contamination, within 50 feet of the ground surface.
           The  horizontal   configuration,  using   hydraulic
           fracturing or related methods, is  uniquely capable of
           treating much deeper contamination.

           WASTE APPLICABILITY:

           The process is designed for use in fine-grained soils
           (clays and silts) where water movement is slow andit
           is difficult to move contaminants to extraction wells.
           The process induces water movement to transport
           contaminants  to  the  treatment  zones  so   the
           contaminants must have a high solubility or miscibility
           in water. Solvents such as trichloroethylene  and
           soluble metal salts  can be treated successfully while
           low-solubility  compounds such  as polychlorinated
           biphenyls and polyaromatic hydrocarbons cannot.
          A. Horizontal Configuration

              electrode wells
                            ound surface
   Electrode
                                Electroosmotic
                               and Gravitational
                                 Liquid Flow
   Electrode
                     B. Vertical Configuration
                                                                                  ground surfac
                                                                      Treatment Zone
Page 104
The SITE Program assesses but does noi
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                                                                                    February 2003
                                                                                 Completed Project
STATUS:

The Lasagna™ process (vertical  configuration) was
accepted  into the SITE Demonstration Program in
1995.  Two patents covering the technology have been
granted to Monsanto, and the term Lasagna™ has also
been trademarked by Monsanto.  Developing the
technology so that it can be used with assurance for
site remediation is  the  overall objective  of the
sponsoring consortium.

DEMONSTRATION RESULTS:

The   vertical   configuration   demonstration  by
Pharmacia at the Gaseous Diffusion Plant in Paducah,
Kentucky, has been completed. The analysis of trends
in TCE  contamination of  soil before and  after
Lasagna™  treatment  indicated that  substantial
decreases did occur and the technology can be used to
meet action levels.

The horizontal configuration demonstration by the
University of Cincinnati and EPA at Rickenbacker
ANGB (Columbus, OH) has been completed and both
cells decommissioned. The cells were installed in soil
containing  TCE.    The work  demonstrated  that
horizontal Lasagna™ installations are feasible and that
the  installation  results  in  some  treatment  of
contaminants.  The extent of treatment of the TCE-
contaminated soil was not clear because of the small
size of the cells and transport of TCE into the cells
from adjacent contaminated areas.
In cooperation with the U.S. Air Force, EPA installed
two horizontal configuration Lasagna™ cells in TCE-
contaminated soil at  Offutt AFB (Omaha, NE) in
November 1998.  The cells have been in operation
since  September  2000.   An  interim sampling in
December 2000 at the four locations with highest
concentrations in each cell showed slight decreases in
organic chloride in one cell, but these were not
statistically  different  from  initial  (pretreatment)
concentrations.  A second interim sampling will be
conducted in June 2001 and the final (posttreatment)
sampling in September 2001.

FOR FURTHER
INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Wendy Davis-Hoover
Michael Roulier, Ph.D.
EPA Research Team
U.S. EPA National Risk Management
  Research Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7206 (Davis-Hoover)
513-569-7796 (Roulier)
Fax:513-569-7879

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER:
Sa V. Ho, Ph.D.
Monsanto Company
800 N. Lindbergh Boulevard
St. Louis, MO 63167
314-694-5179
Fax:314-694-1531
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                   Page 105

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Technology Profile
EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                                PHYTOKINETICS, INC.
                                   (Phytoremediation Process)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

Phytoremediation is the treatment of contaminated
soils, sediments, and groundwater with higher plants.
Several  biological  mechanisms are  involved  in
phytoremediation.   The plant's ability to  enhance
bacterial and fungal degradative processes is important
in the treatment of soils. Plant-root exudates, which
containnutrients,metabolites,and enzymes, contribute
to the stimulation of microbial activity. In the zone of
soil  closely  associated   with the   plant  root
(rhizosphere), expanded populations of metabolically
active   microbes  can   biodegrade   organic  soil
contaminants.

The   application  of  phytoremediation   involves
characterizing the site and  determining the proper
planting strategy to  maximize the interception and
degradation of organic contaminants.  Site monitoring
ensures that the  planting strategy is proceeding  as
   planned.  The following text discusses  (1) using
   grasses to remediate surface soils contaminated with
   organic chemical wastes (Figure 1), and (2) planting
   dense rows  of  poplar  trees  to  treat  organic
   contaminants  in  the saturated groundwater  zone
   (Figure 2).

   Soil Remediation - Phytoremediation is best suited for
   surface soils contaminated with intermediate levels of
   organic contaminants. Preliminary soil phytotoxicity
   tests  are  conducted  at  a range  of contaminant
   concentrations to select plants which are tolerant. The
   contaminants should be relatively nonleachable,  and
   must be within the  reach of plant roots. Greenhouse-
   scale treatability studies are often used  to select
   appropriate plant species.
   Grasses are  frequently used because of their dense
   fibrous root systems. The selected species are planted,
   soil nutrients are added, and the plots are intensively
   cultivated. Plant shoots are cut during the  growing
              Phytoremediation of Surface Soil
             Phytoremediation of the Saturated Zone
Page  106
                                          The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                            approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                     February 2003
                                                                                 Completed Project
season to  maintain vegetative, as  opposed  to
reproductive,  growth.   Based on  the  types  and
concentrations of  contaminants, several  growing
seasons may be required to meet the site's remedial
goals.

Groundwater Remediation - The use of poplar trees for
the treatment of groundwater relies in part on the tree's
high rate of water use to create a hydraulic barrier.
This technology requires the establishment of deep
roots that  use water  from  the  saturated zone.
Phytokinetics  uses  deep-rooted,  water-loving trees
such as poplars to intercept groundwater plumes and
reduce contaminant levels. Poplars are often used
because they are phreatophytic; that is, they have the
ability to use water directly from the saturated zone.

A dense  double or triple row of rapidly  growing
poplars is planted  downgradient from the plume,
perpendicular to the direction of groundwater flow.
Special cultivation  practices are use to induce deep
root systems.   The trees can  create  a  zone  of
depression in  the groundwater during the  summer
months because of their  high rate of  water use.
Groundwater contaminants may tend to be stopped by
the zone  of depression, becoming adsorbed  to soil
particles  in the aerobic rhizosphere of the trees.
Reduced  contaminant levels  in the downgradient
groundwater plume would result from the degradative
processes described above.

WASTE APPLICABILITY:

Phytoremediation is used  for soils, sediments,  and
groundwater containing intermediate levels of organic
contaminants.
STATUS:

This  technology  was  accepted  into  the  SITE
Demonstration Program in 1995. The demonstration
will occur at the former Chevron Terminal # 129-03 50
site in Ogden, Utah. A total of 40 hybrid poplar trees
were planted using a deep rooting techniques in 1996
and data were collected through 1999 growing season.
DEMONSTRATION RESULTS:

Water removal  rates estimated using a water use
multiplier and leaf area index to adjust a reference
evapo-ranspiration rate was 5 gallons per day per tree
in 1998 and 113 gallons per  day per tree in 1999.
Water removal rates determined using SAP velocity
measurements done in September and Octoberof 1998
agreed closely with the estimated values.  Although
the trees transpired a volume of water equivalent to a
10-ft thickness  of the saturated zone,  water table
elevation data collected in 1999 did  not indicate a
depression in the water table.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Steven Rock
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
 Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7149
Fax:513-569-7105
e-mail: rock.steven@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Ari Ferro
Phytokinetics, Inc.
1770 North Research Parkway
Suite 110
North Logan, UT 84341-1941
435-750-0985
Fax: 435-750-6296
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                   Page  107

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               Profile
         EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                               PINTAIL SYSTEMS, INC.
                               (Spent Ore Bioremediation Process)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

This technology  uses  microbial  detoxification  of
cyanide in  heap ieach processes to reduce cyanide
levels  in spent ore and  process  solutions.   The
biotreatment populations of natural soil bacteria are
grown to elevated concentrations, which are applied to
spent ore by drip or spray irrigation. Process solutions
are treated with bacteria concentrates in continuous or
batch applications.  This method may also enhance
metal remineralization, reducing acid rock  drainage
and  enhancing precious  metal recovery  to  offset
treatment costs.

Biotreatment of  cyanide  in  spent  ore  and ore
processing solutions begins by identifying bacteriathat
will grow in the waste source and that use the cyanide
for normal cell building reactions. Native isolates are
ideally  adapted  to the spent ore environment, the
availablenutrientpool,andpotentialtoxiccomponents
of the  heap environment.  The cyanide-detoxifying
bacteria are typically a small fraction of the overall
population of cyanide-tolerant species.

For this reason, native bacteria  isolates are extracted
from the ore and tested for cyanide detoxification
potential as  individual   species.     Any  natural
detoxificationpotentialsdemonstrated in flask cyanide
decomposition tests are preserved and submitted for
bioaugmentation. Bioaugmentation of the cyanide
           detoxification population  eliminates  nonworking
           species  of  bacteria  and   enhances  the  natural
           detoxification potential by growth in waste infusions
           and chemically defined media. Pintail Systems, Inc.
           (PSI) maintains  a bacterial library of some 2,500
           strains of microorganisms  and a database of their
           characteristics.

           The working population of treatmentbacteria is grown
           in spent ore infusion broths and process solutions to
           adaptto field operating conditions. The cyanide in the
           spent ore serves as the primary carbon or nitrogen
           source for bacteria nutrition.  Other required trace
           nutrients are provided in  the  chemically defined
           broths.  The bacterial consortium  is then tested on
           spent ore in a 6-inch-by-10-foot column in the field or
           in the laboratory.  The column simulates leach pile
           conditions,  so  that detoxification rates,  process
           completion,  and  effluent quality  can be  verified.
           Following column tests, a field test may be conducted
           to verify  column results.

           The spent ore is remediated by first setting up a stage
           culturing system to establish working populations of
           cyanide-degrading bacteria at the mine site.  Bacterial
           solutions are then applied directly to the heap using the
           same system originally designed to deliver cyanide
           solutions  to  the heap leach pads (see figure on
           previous page). Cyanide concentrations and leachable
           metals are then measured in heap leach solutions.  This
                                  Spent Ore Bioremediation Process
Page 108
The SITE Program assesses but does not
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                                                                                     February 2003
                                                                                 Completed Project
method of cyanide degradation in spent ore leach pads
degrades cyanide more quickly than methods which
treat only rinse solutions from the pad. In addition to
cyanide degradation, biological treatment of heap
leach   pads   has  also   shown  significant
biommeralizationand reduction of leachablemetals in
heap leachate solutions.

WASTE APPLICABILITY:

The spent ore bioremediationprocess can be applied to
treat cyanide contamination, spent ore heaps, waste
rock dumps, mine tailings, and process water from
gold and silver mining operations.

STATUS:

This  technology  was  accepted  into  the SITE
Demonstration Program  in  May  1994.   The field
treatability  study  was  conducted,  at  the Echo
Bay/McCoy Cover mine  site near Battle Mountain,
Nevada, between June 11,1997 and August 26,1997.

DEMONSTRATION RESULTS:

Results from the study are summarized below:

    The average % WAD CN reduction attributable to
    the Biocyanide process was 89.3 during the period
    from July  23  to  August  26.   The mean
    concentration of the feed over this period was 233
    ppm,  while  the  treated effluent  from  the
    bioreactors was 25 ppm.  A control train, used to
    detect abiotic  loss  of  cyanide,  revealed  no
    destruction of cyanide (average control affluent=
    242 ppm).

•   Metals that were monitored as part of this study
    were As, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Hg, Ni, Se, Ag, and
    Zn.   Significant reductions were  noted fro all
    metals except Fe and Mn. Average reduction in
    metals concentration after July 23  for all other
    metals were 92.7% for As 91.6% for Cd, 61.6%
    for Co, 81,4% for Cu, 95.6% for Hg, 65.0% for
    Ni, 76.3% for Se, 94.6% for Ag, and 94.6% for
    Zn.   Reductions for As,  Cd,  Co, and Se are
    probably greater than calculated due to non-detect
    levels  in   some  effluent  samples.     A
    biomineralization mechanism is proposed for the
    removal of metals for solution. Biomineralization
    is  a  process   in  which microbes  mediate
    biochemical  reactions  forming novel  mineral
    assemblages on solid matrices.

•   The Aqueous Biocyanide Process was operated fro
    two and one-half months. During the first 42 days
    (June  11  to July 22) system performance was
    variable,   and   occasional  downtimes    were
    encountered.  This was due to greatly  higher
    cyanide and metals concentration in the feedthan
    was encountered during benchscale  and  design
    phases of the project.  Once optimized for the
    more concentrated feed, the system performed
    well with continuous operation for 35 days (July
    23 to August 26). The ability to "re-engineer" the
    system in the field to accommodate the new waste
    stream is a positive attribute of the system.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Patrick Clark
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
  Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7561
Fax:513-569-7620
e-mail: clark.patrick@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Leslie Thompson
Pintail Systems, Inc.
4701 Ironton Street
Denver, CO 80239
303-367-8443
Fax:303-364-2120
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                   Page 109

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                                PSI TECHNOLOGIES,
                A DIVISION OF PHYSICAL SCIENCES INC.
             (Metals Immobilization and Decontamination of Aggregate Solids)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

PSI Technologies has developed a technology for
metals  immobilization  and  decontamination of
aggregate solids (MelDAS) (see figure below).  The
technology involves a modified incineration process in
which high temperatures destroy organic contaminants
in soil and concentrate metals into fly ash. The bulk of
the soil ends up as bottom ash and is rendered
nonleachable.  The fly ash is then treated with  a
sorbentto immobilizethe metals, as determined by the
toxicity characteristic leaching procedure.   The
MelDAS process requires a sorbent fraction of less
than 5 percent by soil weight.

Standard  air pollution control devices clean the
effluent gas stream.  Hydrogen chloride and sulfur
dioxide, which may be formed from the oxidation of
chlorinated organics and  sulfur compounds in the
waste, are cleaned by alkaline  scrubbers. Flyash is
          captured by a paniculate removal device, such as an
          electrostatic precipitator or baghouse. The only solid
          residues exiting the process are treated soils, which no
          longer contain organics and will  not  leach toxic
          metals.

          WASTE APPLICABILITY:

          The MelDAS process treats organics and heavy metals
          in soils, sediments and sludges. The process has been
          effective  in treating arsenic, cadmium, chromium,
          lead, nickel, and zinc.

          The  MelDAS process is   applicable  to  wastes
          contaminated with a combination of volatile metals
          and  complex organic  mixtures of low  volatility.
          Possible MelDAS process applications include battery
          waste sites and urban sites containing lead paint or
          leaded gasoline, or  chemical or  pesticide manu-
          facturing facilitiescontaminatedwithorganometallics.
                                              (1) PARTICULAR REMOVAL
                                              (2) ACID-GAS SCRUBBER
                       TREATED
                      SOIL/FLY ASH
                      DISCHARGE
                                        MelDAS Process
Page 110
The SITE Program assesses but does not
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                                                                                  February 2003
                                                                               Completed Project
STATUS:
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:
This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology Program  in July 1991.  Bench-scale
testing under the SITE Program was completed in July
1992.  The testing showed that organic, lead, and
arsenic wastes could be successfully treated with less
sorbent (1 to 10  percent of the soil by weight) than
previously anticipated. Pilot-scale testing occurred in
October 1992 and was completed in May 1993.  The
Emerging Technology Report has been submitted to
EPA for review.

Initial  testing, conducted  under  the EPA  Small
Business  Innovative Research   program,  has
demonstrated  the feasibility  of  treating  wastes
containing arsenic, cadmium, lead, and zinc.
EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Mark Meckes
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
 Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7348
Fax:513-569-7328
e-mail: mecks.mark@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Joseph Morency
PSI Technologies, A Division of
    Physical Sciences Inc.
20 New England Business Center
Andover,MA 01810
978-689-0003
Fax: 978-689-3232
                                        The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                          approve or endorse technologies.
                                  Page 111

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                                PULSE SCIENCES, INC.
                           (X-Ray Treatment of Aqueous Solutions)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

X-ray treatment of organically contaminated aqueous
solutions is based  on  the in-depth  deposition of
ionizing  radiation.   X-rays  collide with  matter,
generating  a shower  of  lower  energy secondary
electrons within the contaminated waste material. The
secondary electrons ionize and  excite  the  atomic
electrons,   break  up   the complex contaminant
molecules, and form highly reactive radicals. These
radicals react with the  volatile organic  compounds
(VOC) and semivolatile organic compounds (SVOC)
to form nontoxic by-products such as water, carbon
dioxide, and oxygen.

An efficient, high-power, high-energy, linear induction
accelerator (LIA) plus X-ray converter generates the
X-rays used in the treatmentprocess. The LIA energy,
which must  be small  enough  to  avoid  nuclear
activation and as  large as possible to increase the
bremsstrahlung con version efficiency, will most likely
be in the range of 8 to 10 million electron volts (MeV).
A repetitive pulse of electrons 50 to 100 nanoseconds
long is  directed onto a cooled converter of a high
atomic number metal to efficiently generate X-rays.
The X-rays then penetrate  the container and treat the
waste materials contained within.

Based on  coupled electron/photon  Monte  Carlo
transport code calculations, the effective penetration
depth of X-rays produced by converting  10-MeV
electrons is 32 centimeters in water after passing
through the side of a standard 55-gaIlon drum. Large
contaminant volumes can  be easily treated without
absorbing  a  significant fraction of the  ionizing
radiation in the container walls. Either flowing waste
or  contaminated  waste in  stationary  or  rotating
containers can be treated.  No additives are required
for the process, and in situ treatment  is feasible. The
cost of high throughput X-ray processing is estimated
to be competitive with alternative processes which
decompose the contaminants.
           WASTE APPLICABILITY:

           X-ray processing can treat a large number of organic
           contaminants  in  aqueous  solutions  (groundwater,
           liquids, leachates, or wastewater) without expensive
           waste extraction or preparation.  The technology has
           successfully treated 17 organic contaminants, listed in
           the table on the next page. No hazardous by-products
           are predicted to form or have been observed  in the
           experiments.

           STATUS:

           This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
           Technology Program in May 1991 and was completed
           in  April 1994.   A 1.2-MeV, 800-ampere,  55-
           nanosecond LIA gave a dose rate of 5 to 10 rads per
           second.  Twelve different VOCs and SVOCs found in
           Superfund sites were irradiated in 21 aqueous matrices
           prepared with a neat solution of the contaminant in
           reagent grade water.  The amount of X-ray dose (1
           rad = 10"5 Joules per gram) required to decompose a
           particular contaminant was a function of its chemical
           bond structure and its reaction rate with the hydroxyl
           radical.   When carbonate and  bicarbonate  ions
           (hydroxyl  radical  scavengers)  were  present   in
           contaminated well water samples, approximately five
           times the X-ray dose was required to decompose
           contaminants  that react  strongly with the hydroxyl
           radical.  The remediation rate of carbon tetrachloride,
           which does not react with hydroxyl  radicals, was not
           affected.

           An X-ray dose of 150 kilorads (krad) reduced  the
           moderate contamination levels in a well water sample
           from a Superfund site at Lawrence Livermore National
           Laboratory (LLNL) to  less than those set by the
           California Primary Drinking Water Standards. For a
           more highly contaminated LLNL well water sample,
           experimental  data suggested a 500-krad dose was
           needed to reduce the contamination levels to drinking
           water standards.
 Page 112
The SITE Program assesses but does not
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                                                                                     February 2003
                                                                                 Completed Proiect
In principle, the rate coefficients determined from the
data can be used to estimate the dose level required to
destroy mixtures of multiple'VOC contaminants and
OH- radical scavengers.  However, these estimates
should  be   applied   judiciously.     Only  the
experimentally determined destruction curves, based
on  the remediation  of test samples of the actual
mixture, can be used with confidence at the present.
The table below  summarizes the X-ray treatment
results from the SITE evaluation.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Vicente Gallardo
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
    Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7176
Fax:513-569-7676
e-mail: gallardo.vincente@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Vernon Bailey
Pulse Sciences, Inc.
600 McCormick Street
San Leandro, CA 94577
510-632-5100, ext 227  Fax: 510-632-5300
e-mail: vbailey@titan.com
"• '
CONTAMINANT " , -
TCE
PCE
Chloroform
Methylene Chloride
Trans- 1 ,2-Dichloroethene
Cis-1 ,2-Dichloroethene
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Carbon Telrachloride (CCL,)
Benzene
Toluene
Ethylbenzene
Xylene
Benzene/CCl4
Ethylbenzene/CCI,
Ortho-xylene/CCld
TCE
PCE
1,1-Dichloroethane
1 , 1 -Dichloroethene
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Cis-1, 2-Dichloroethene
TCE
PCE
Chloroform
CCL
1 ,2-Dichloroethane
1,1-Dichloroethane
Freon
"
'JtSATRIX
Deionized Water










Contaminated Well
Water
LLNL Well Water
Sample #1



LLNL Well Water
Sample #2




-INTOL. -
'CONCENTRATION
-to*/-
9,780
10,500
2,000
270
260
13
590
180
240
150
890
240
262/400
1,000/430
221/430
3,400
500
< 10
25
13
14
5,000
490
250
14
38
11
71
FINAL
"CONOTntATKW
(ppb)'
<0.1
<0.1
4.4
3.1
078
<0.5
54
14
<0.5
<0.5
3.6
1.2
< 0.5/196
< 0.5/70.9
< 0.5/85
<0.5
<0.5
1
< l
2.0
<0.5
<1.0
1.6
81
4
17
6.8
32
- • •
CPDWS-" -
(ppb)
5
5

5
10
6
200
0.5
1
150
680
1,750
1/0.5
680/0.5
1,750/0.5
5
5
5
6
200
6
5
5

0.5
5
5

T \ 1
X-RAY DOSE ',
-(kf£4) - - ' . ' '
50.3
69.8
178
145.9
10.6
10'6
207.1
224
8.8
4 83
20.4
5.6
39.9/93.8
33.2/185
20.5/171
99.0
99.0
145.4
499
1454
49.9 '
291
291
291
291
291
291
291
      parts per billion
      California Primary Drinking Water Standards

                               Summary of X-ray Treatment Results
                                        The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                          approve or endorse technologies.
                                   Page 113

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                                                   EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                                PULSE SCIENCES, INC.
                    (X-Ray Treatment of Organically Contaminated Soils)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

X-ray treatment of organically contaminated soils is
based on in-depth deposition of ionizing radiation.
Energetic photons (X-rays) collide with matter to
generate  a shower  of lower-  energy,  secondary
electrons within the contaminated  waste  material.
These secondary electrons ionize and excite the atomic
electrons,  break  up  the  complex  contaminant
molecules, and form highly reactive radicals.  These
radicals reactwith contaminants to formnonhazardous
products such as water, carbon dioxide, and oxygen.

Other sources of ionizing radiation, such as ultraviolet
radiation or direct electron beam processing, do not
penetrate the  treatable material  deeply enough.
Ultraviolet radiation heats only the surface layer, while
a 1.5-million electron volt (MeV) charge penetrates
about 4 millimeters  into the soil. X-rays, however,
penetrate up to 20 centimeters, allowing treatment of
thicker samples.  In situ  treatment, which reduces
material handling requirements, may also be possible
with X-ray treatment.
           An efficient, high-power, high-energy, linear induction
           accelerator (LIA) plus X-ray converter generates the
           X-rays used in the treatment process (see figure
           below).  The LIA energy usually ranges from 8 to 10
           MeV.  A repetitive pulse of electrons 50 to  100
           nanoseconds long is directed onto a cooled converter
           of high atomic number to efficiently generate X-rays.
           The  X-rays  penetrate  and  treat  the organically
           contaminated soils.

           The physical mechanism by which volatile  organic
           compounds  (VOC)   and   semivolatile   organic
           compounds (SVOC) are removed primarily depends
           on the specific contaminant present.  Because of the
           moisture in contaminated soil, sludge, and sediments,
           the shower of secondary electrons resulting from X-
           ray deposition  produces  both  highly  oxidizing
           hydroxyl radicals  and highly reducing aqueous
           electrons.  While  hazardous by-products may form
           during X-ray treatment, contaminants and by-products,
           if found, may be completely converted at sufficiently
           high dose levels without undesirable waste residualsor
           air pollution.
                                                         Waste
                                                        Treatment
                                                         Area
                       Conveyor
                                Waste
LIA
1-10 MeV


Electron
Beam


X-Kay
Converter
(Ta)


X-rays
                                     X-Ray Treatment Process
Page 114
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                     February 2003
                                                                                  Completed Proj ect
X-rays can treat contaminated soil on a conveyor or
contained in disposal barrels.    Because  X-rays
penetrate about 20 centimeters into soil, large soil
volumes can be treated without losing a significant
fraction of the ionizing radiation in standard container
walls.  Pulse Sciences, Inc., estimates that the cost of
high throughput X-ray processing is competitive with
alternativeprocessesthatdecomposethe contaminants.

WASTE APPLICABILITY:

X-ray treatment of organically contaminated soils has
the potential to treat large numbers of contaminants
with minimum waste handling or preparation. Also,
X-ray  treatment  can be applied in situ.   In  situ
treatment may be  of significant importance  in cases
where it is impossible or impractical to reconfigure the
waste volume for the ionizing  radiation range of
electrons or ultraviolet radiation. Treatable organic
contaminants include benzene,  toluene,  xylene,
trichloroethene,  tetrachloroethene,   carbon
tetrachloride,  chloroform,  and   poly chlorinated
biphenyls.

STATUS:

This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology  Program  in 1993.   A  1.2-MeV,  800-
ampere (amp), 50-watt LIA and a 10.8-MeV, 0.2-amp,
10,000-watt radio frequency (RF) linac will be used in
the program.  The  primary  objectives are to (1)
demonstrate  that X-ray treatment can reduce VOC
and SVOC levels in soils to acceptable levels, and
(2) determine any  hazardous by-product that may be
produced.
Samples   with  identical  initial  contaminant
concentration levels will be irradiated at increasing
dose levels to determine (1) the rate (concentration
versus dose) at which the contaminants are being
destroyed, and (2) the X-ray dose required to reduce
organic contamination to acceptable levels. The 10.8-
MeV RF linac, which produces more penetrating X-
rays, should provide information on the optimum X-
ray energy for the treatment process. Increasing the
accelerator energy allows a more efficient conversion
from electrons to X-rays in the converter, but an upper
limit (about 10 MeV)  restricts the energy treatment,
because  higher energy activates the  soil.   The
experimental database will  be used to  develop  a
conceptual design and  cost estimate for  a high
throughput X-ray treatment system.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
George Moore
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
    Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7991
Fax:513-569-7276
e-mail: moore.george@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Vernon Bailey
Pulse Sciences, Inc.
600 McCormick Street
San Leandro, CA 94577
510-632-5100 ext. 227
Fax:510-632-5300
e-mail: Vbailey@titan.com
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                   Page 115

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                         RECRA ENVIRONMENTAL, INC.
                             (formerly Electro-Pure Systems, Inc.)
                     (Alternating Current Electrocoagulation Technology)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The  alternating  current electrocoagulation (ACE)
technology offers an alternative to the use of metal
salts or polymers and  polyelectrolyte addition for
breaking stable emulsions and suspensions.  The
technology removes metals,  colloidal solids and
particles,  and soluble inorganic pollutants from
aqueous  media  by introducing highly  charged
polymericaluminumhydroxidespecies. These species
neutralizetheelectrostaticcharges on suspended solids
and  oil  droplets  to   facilitate  agglomeration  or
coagulation and resultant separation from the aqueous
phase.  The treatment  prompts the precipitation of
certain metals and salts.

The  figure below depicts the  basic ACE process.
Electrocoagulation  occurs in  either batch  mode,
allowing recirculation, or continuous (one-pass) mode
in an ACE fluidized bed separator. Electrocoagulation
is conducted by passing the aqueous medium through
the  treatment  cells   in  upflow   mode.    The
electrocoagulation cell(s) consist of nonconductive
piping   equipped  with  rectilinearly  shaped,
nonconsumable metal  electrodes between which is
maintained a turbulent, fluidized bed of aluminum
alloy pellets.
          Application of the alternating current electrical charge
          to  the  electrodes prompts the  dissolution  of the
          fluidized bed and the formation of the polymeric
          hydroxide species. Charge neutralization is initiated
          within the electrocoagulation cell(s) and continues
          following effluent discharge.   Application  of the
          electrical  field  prompts  electrolysis of the water
          medium and generates minute quantities of hydrogen
          gas.   The  coagulated solids  will  often  become
          entrained in the gas, causing their flotation.

          Attrition scrubbing of the fluidized bed pellets within
          the cell inhibits the buildup of scale or coating on the
          aluminum  pellets and the face of the electrodes.
          Coagulation and  flocculation occur simultaneously
          within the ACE cells as the effluent is exposed to the
          electric field and the aluminum  dissolves from the
          fluidized bed.

          The  working volume of the  fluidized  bed  cell,
          excluding external plumbing, is 5 liters. The ACE
          systems have few moving parts and can easily be
          integrated into a process treatment train for effluent,
          pretreatment, or  polishing treatment.   The ACE
          technology has been  designed into water treatment
          systems which include membrane separation, reverse
          osmosis,  electrofiltration, sludge dewatering,  and
          thermo-oxidation technologies.
                                             Vent or
                                            Treated Gas
                                                         Air for
                                                        Turbulence
                                       Alternating Current Electrocoagulation (ACE)
 Page 116
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                     February 2003
                                                                                  Completed Project
 System operating conditions depend on the chemistry
 of the aqueous medium, particularly the conductivity
 and chloride concentration.    Treatment  generally
 requires application of low voltage (<135 VAC) and
 operating currents of less than 20 amperes.  The flow
 rate of the aqueous medium through the  treatment
 cell(s) depends on the solution chemistry, the nature of
 the  entrained  suspension or  emulsion,  and  the
 treatment objectives.

 Product separation occurs in conventional gravity
 separation devices or filtering systems. Each phase is
 removed for reuse, recycling, additional treatment, or
 disposal.

 Current systems are designed to treat waste streams of
 between 10  and 100 gallons per minute (gpm).
 RECRA Environmental, Inc., maintains a bench-scale
 unit (1 to 3 gpm) at its Amherst Laboratory for use in
 conducting treatability testing.

 WASTE APPLICABILITY:

 The ACE technologytreats aqueous-based suspensions
 and emulsions  such as contaminated groundwater,
 surface water runoff, landfill and industrial leachate,
 wash and rinse waters, and various solutions and
 effluents. The suspensions can includesolids such as
 inorganic and  organic  pigments,  clays,  metallic
 powders,  metal  ores,  and  colloidal  materials.
 Treatable emulsions include a variety of solid and
 liquid contaminants, including petroleum-based by-
 products.

 The ACE technology has demonstrated reductions of
 clay, latex, and various hydroxide loadings by over 90
 percent.  Chemical oxygen demand and total organic
 carbon content of spiked slurries have been reduced by
 over 80 percent. The technology has removed heavy
metals at between 55 and 99 percent efficiency.
Fluoride and phosphate have beenremoved at greater
than 95 percent efficiency. The system has been used
to  recover  fine-grained   products  which would
otherwise have been discharged.
 STATUS:
 The ACE technology was accepted into the SITE
 Emerging Technology Program in July 1988.  The
 laboratory-scale testing was completed in June 1992.
 The  Emerging   Technology   Bulletin
 (EPA/540/F-92/011)  and  Emerging  Technology
 Summary (EPA/540/S-93/504) are available from
 EPA. The research results are described in thelournal
 of Air and Waste Management^ Volume 43, May 1993,
 pp. 784-789, "Alternating CurrentElectrocoagulation
 for Superfund Site Remediation."

 Experiments on metals and complex synthetic slurries
 have defined major operating parameters for broad
 classes of waste streams.  The technology has been
 modified to minimize electrical power consumption
 and maximize effluent throughput rates.

 FOR FURTHER  INFORMATION:

 EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
 Randy Parker
 U.S. EPA
 National Risk Management Research
    Laboratory
 26 West Martin Luther King Drive
 Cincinnati, OH 45268
 513-569-7271
 Fax:513-569-7571
 e-mail: parker.randy@epa.gov

 TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACTS:
 Bob Havas
 RECRA Environmental, Inc.
 10 Hazelwood Drive, Suite 110
Amherst, NY  14228-2298
 716-636-1550
Fax:716-691-2617
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                   Page 117

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                                                  EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                    REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
                      (Biofilm Reactor for Chlorinated Gas Treatment)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The  Remediation  Technologies, Inc.,  biological
treatment  technology uses  aerobic  cometabolic
organisms in  fixed-film biological reactors to treat
gases  contaminated  with  volatile  chlorinated
hydrocarbons.  Contaminated gases enter the bottom
of the 6-foot-talI reactor column and flow up through
a medium that has a high surface area and favorable
porosityfor gas distribution. Bothmethanotrophic and
phenol-degrading  organisms have been  evaluated
within the reactor.  The figure  below illustrates  a
methanotrophic reactor.
             In methanotrophic columns, methane and nutrients are
             added to grow the organisms capable of degrading
             volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons.

             The organisms degrade these compounds into acids
             and chlorides that can be subsequently degraded to
             carbon dioxide and chloride. Because of intermediate
             toxicity and competitive inhibition, methane-volatile
             organic compound  (VOC) feeding strategies  are
             critical to obtain optimum VOC degradation over the
             long term.
       Gas
      Effluent
                                                       Nutrients
                                        Column Ht = 6'
                                        Dia = 5"
                                             Toxic
                                     Methane  Material
                                Humidified
                                   Air
I    I
                                                    A
A

A

A
                                                           Sample
                                                           Taps
                                                         3' media
     4" gravel
                                                        Drain
                                           Methanotrophic Biofilm Reactor
 Page 118
   The SITE Program assesses but does not
     approve or endorse technologies.

-------
                                                                                     February 2003
                                                                                 Completed Project
Methanotrophic bacteria from various soils were tested
to determine potential VOC compound degradation.
The optimal culture from this testing was isolated and
transferred to a bench-scale biofilm  reactor, where
substrate degradation ratesper unit of biofilm surface
area were determined.   Four pilot-scale  biofilm
reactors were then established, with feeding strategies
and retention times based on earlier testing.

The  following  issues  are   investigated  in   the
methanotrophic biofilm reactors:

• Comparison of different media types
• Trichloroethene(TCE) removal across the columns
• TCE degradation rates

In addition to studies of the methanotrophic biofilm
reactors, a column was seeded with a filamentous
phenol-degrading consortia that grows well on phenol
in a nitrogen-limited solution.  Phenol also induces
enzymes capable of rapid cometabolic degradation of
TCE.

WASTE APPLICABILITY:

This technology can treat gaseous  streams of volatile
chlorinated hydrocarbons.  These waste streams may
result from air stripping of contaminated groundwater
or  industrial process streams,   or  from vacuum
extraction during in situ site remediation.
STATUS:

This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology Program in summer 1992; the evaluation
was completed in 1995. The Emerging Technology
Report, which  details results from the evaluation, is
being prepared.

TCE degradation rates in the pilot-scale  biofilm
reactor were well below those previously measured in
laboratory testing or those reported in the literature for
pure cultures. The phenol-fed column was started on
a celite medium. TCE removal was superior to that in
the methanotrophic columns, even with sub-optimal
biomass development.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Dick Brenner
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
   Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7657
Fax:513-569-7105
e-mail: brenner.richard@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Hans Stroo
Remediation Technologies, Inc.
300 Skycrest Drive
Ashland, OR 97520
541-482-1404
Fax: 541-552-1299
e-mail: HstroofSRetec.com
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                   Page 119

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                RESOURCE MANAGEMENT & RECOVERY
                            (formerly Bio-Recovery Systems, Inc.)
                              (AlgaSORB® Biological Sorption)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The  AlgaSORB0  sorption  process uses algae to
remove heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. The
process takes advantage of the natural affinity for
heavy metal ions exhibited by algal cell structures.

The  photograph below shows a portable effluent
treatment equipment (PETE) unit, consisting of two
columns operating either in series or in parallel. Each
column contains 0.25 cubic  foot of AlgaSORB0, the
treatment medium. The PETE unit shown below can
treat waste at a flow rate of approximately 1 gallon per
minute (gpm). Larger systems have been designed and
manufactured to treat waste at flow rates greater than
100 gpm.
           The AlgaSORB0 medium consists of dead algal cells
           immobilized  in  a  silica  gel polymer.    This
           immobilizationservestwopurposes: (1) it protects the
           algal   cells  from   decomposition   by  other
           microorganisms, and (2) it produces a hard material
           that  can be  packed  into  columns  that,  when
           pressurized, still exhibit good flow characteristics.

           The AlgaSORB0 medium functions as  a biological
           ion-exchange resin to  bind  both  metallic cations
           (positively charged ions, such as mercury [Hg+2]) and
           metallic  oxoanions  (negatively  charged,  large,
           complex, oxygen-containing  ions, such as selenate
           [SeO4"2]). Anions  such as chlorides  or suifates are
           only weakly bound or not bound at all. In contrast to
           current ion-exchange technology, divalent cations
                               Portable Effluent Treatment Equipment (PETE) Unit
Page 120
The SITE Program assesses but does DOt
  approve or endorse technologies.

-------
                                                                                   February 2003
                                                                                Completed Project
typical of hard  water, such as  calcium (Ca+2)and
magnesium (Mg+2), or monovalent cations, such as
sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) do not significantly
interfere with the binding of toxic heavy metal ions to
the algae-silica matrix.

Like  ion-exchange  resins, AlgaSORB0  can  be
regenerated.  After  the  AlgaSORB0 medium  is
saturated, the metals are removed from the algae with
acids,  bases,  or  other  suitable reagents.   This
regeneration process  generates a small volume  of
solution containing highly concentrated metals. This
solution must undergo treatment prior to disposal.

WASTE APPLICABILITY:

This technology can remove heavy metal ions from
groundwater or surface leachatesthat are "hard" or that
contain high levels of dissolved solids. The process
can also treat rinse waters from electroplating, metal
finishing, and printed circuit board manufacturing
operations.  Metals removed by the technology include
aluminum, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, gold,
iron, lead, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel,
platinum, selenium, silver, uranium, vanadium, and
zinc.

STATUS:

This technology was accepted  into the Emerging
Technology Program  in  1988; the evaluation was
completed in 1990. Under the Emerging Technology
Program, the AlgaSORB® sorption process was tested
on mercury-contaminated groundwater at a hazardous
waste site  in Oakland,  California.    Testing was
designed to determine optimum  flow rates, binding
capacities, and the efficiency of stripping agents. The
Emerging    Technology    Report
(EPA/540/5-90/005a&b),  Emerging   Technology
Summary  (EPA/540/ S5-90/005),  and  Emerging
Technology  Bulletin  (EPA/540/F-92/003)  are
available from EPA. An article was also published in
the Journal of Air and Waste Management, Volume
41, No. 10, October 1991.
Based on  results  from the  Emerging Technology
Program, Resource Management & Recovery was
invited to participate in the SITE  Demonstration
Program.

The process is being commercialized for groundwater
treatment and industrial point source treatment.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Randy Parker
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
    Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7271
Fax:513-569-7571
e-mail: parker.randy@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Michael Hosea
Resource Management & Recovery
4980 Baylor Canyon Road
LasCruces,NM 88011
505-382-9228
Fax: 505-382-9228
                                        The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                   Page 121

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Technology Profile
         EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                                ROY F. WESTON, INC.
                                 (Ambersorb® 563 Adsorbent)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

Ambersorb* 563 adsorbent is a regenerable adsorbent
that treats groundwater contaminated with hazardous
organics (see figure  below).   Ambersorb®  563
adsorbent has 5 to 10 times the capacity of granular
activated carbon (GAC) for  low concentrations of
volatile organic compounds (VOC).

Current GAC  adsorption techniques require either
disposal or thermal regeneration of the spent carbon.
In these cases, the GAC must be removed from the site
and shipped as a hazardous material to the disposal or
regeneration facility.
           Ambersorb® 563 adsorbent has unique properties
           that provide the following benefits:

           •   Ambersorb® 563 adsorbent can be regeneratedpn
               site using steam, thus eliminatingthe liability and
               cost of off-site regeneration or disposal associated
               with GAC treatment. Condensed contaminants are
               recovered through phase separation.
           •   Because Ambersorb® 563 adsorbent has a much
               higher capacity than GAC for volatile organics (at
               low concentrations), the process can operate for
               significantly longer service cycle times  before
               regeneration is required.
                         STEAM SUPPLY
                         REGENERATION
                           CYCLE)
                          TREATED WfVTER
                                                                    CONCENTRATED
                                                                    ORGANIC PHASE
                     CONTAMINATED
                     GROUNDWVTER
                                    Ambersorb® 563 Adsorbent
Page 122
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                           February 2003
                                       Completed Project
*  Ambersorb® 563 adsorbent can operate at higher
   flow rate loadings than GAC, which translates into
   a smaller, more compact system.
•  Ambersorb® 563 adsorbents are hard, nondusting,
   spherical beads with excellent physical integrity,
   eliminating handling problems and attrition losses
   typically associated with GAC.
•  Ambersorb®  563  adsorbent is not prone  to
   bacterial fouling.
•  Ambersorb® 563 adsorbent has extremely low
   ash levels.

In addition, the Ambersorb® 563 carbonaceous
adsorbent-basedremediationprocess can eliminate the
need to dispose of by-products. Organics can  be
recovered in a form potentially suitable for immediate
reuse.  For example,  removed organics could  be
burned for energy in a power plant.

WASTE APPLICABILITY:

Ambersorb 563 adsorbent is applicable to any water
stream containing contaminants that can be treated
with  GAC,  such as  1,2-dichIoroethane,  1,1,1-
trichloroethane,   tetrachloroethene,   vinyl chloride,
xylene, toluene, and other VOCs.

STATUS:

This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology Program  in  1993.   The  Emerging
Technology Bulletin  (EPA/540/F-95/500),   the
Emerging   Technology  Summary  (EPA/540/SR-
95/516),  and the Emerging  Technology  Report
(EPA/540/R-95/516) are available from EPA.

The  Ambersorb® 563 technology  evaluation was
conducted at the former Pease Air Force Base  in
Newington, New Hampshire. The groundwater
            contained vinyl chloride,  1,1-dichloroethene,  and
            trichloroethene. The field study was conducted over
            a  12-week period.   The tests included four service
            cycles and three steam regenerations.  The effluent
            from the Ambersorb® adsorbent system consistently
            met  drinking  water  standards.    On-site  steam
            regeneration demonstrated that the adsorption capacity
            of the Ambersorb® system remained essentially
            unchanged following regeneration.

            FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

            EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
            Randy Parker
            U.S. EPA
            National Risk Management Research
               Laboratory
            26 West Martin Luther King Drive
            Cincinnati, OH 45268
            513-569-7271
            Fax:513-569-7571
            e-mail: parker.randy@epa.gov

            TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACTS:
            Joe Martino
            Roy F. Weston, Inc.
            1  Weston Way
            West Chester,  PA 19380-1499
            610-701-6174
            Fax:610-701-5129

            Barbara Kinch
            Rohm and Haas Company
            5000 Richmond Street
            Philadelphia, PA 19137
            215-537-4060
            Fax:215-943-9467
            Note: Ambersorb® is a registered trademark of
            Rohm and Haas Company.
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.
                                                                                       Page 123

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Technology Profile
         EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
           STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT OSWEGO,
                  ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER
       (Electrochemical Peroxidation of PCB-Contaminated Sediments and Waters)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The  Environmental Research Center at the State
University of New York at Oswego (SUNY) has
developed an electrochemical peroxidation process
widely applicable for the treatment of liquid wastes
and slurries with low solids content. The process
treats mixed waste by using (1) oxidative free radicals
to attack organic contaminants, and  (2)   adsorptive
removal of metals from liquid waste streams. Initial
testing indicates destructive efficiencies greater than
99 percent for a variety of compounds including
polychlorinated  biphenyls  (PCB), volatile  organic
compounds, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene,
MTBE, organic dyes, and microbes.

The process involves combining Fenton' s reagent with
a small electrical current. In a batch treatment process,
steel electrodes  are submersed into the waste to be
treated; solid particles are suspended by mechanical
mixing or stirring. Hydrogen peroxide and iron are
introduced from the electrodes as a low direct current
is applied.
           The iron and hydrogen peroxide instantaneously react
           to  form  free  radicals,  which  oxidize organic
           contaminants. Free radicals are also produced by the
           reaction of the peroxide with solvated electrons.  The
           process  can be  significantly  enhanced by  pH
           adjustment,  periodic  current reversal,  and use of
           proprietary enhancements.

           Metals  readily  adsorb to the iron hydroxide  by-
           product, and the metals can then  be  separated by
           precipitation or flocculation.  The volume of by-
           products may be reduced and the metals may be
           removed by solids separation. In specific applications,
           select  metals may be  plated onto electrodes and
           recovered.
                                     Contaminated Liquids,
                                       Solids, Slurries (1)
              DC Current (2a)
                             Iron
                          Hydroxide (9)
                Metal
             Hydroxides (11)
  Mixing
Containment
 Vessel (2)
                                         Liquid/Solid
                                        Separation (8)
Water (12)
      Acid (3)
    Co-solvent (4)
  Zero Valent Iron (5)
   Ferrous Iron (6)
 Hydrogen Peroxide (7)
            Solids (10)
Discharge
                          Pilot-Scale Electrochemical Peroxidation System
Page 124
 The SITE Program assesses but does not
   approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                     February 2003
                                                                                  Completed Project
WASTE APPLICABILITY:

This process is capable of treating liquids and slurries
containing  a  variety  of contaminants,  including
oxidizable  organic  compounds and  metals.  The
process may be applied to industrial process wastes
(textiles,  pulp and paper,  food industry).,  landfill
leachates,  gasoline-  or   solvent-contaminated
groundwater, pesticide rinsates, or other liquid wastes.

STATUS:

The technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology Program in November 1993 to evaluate
photochemical methods of destroying PCBs in water
and sediment. The evaluation was complete in 1995.

During research related to the initial SITE evaluation,
which focused on photocatalytic processes, a new
technology  (electrochemical  peroxidation)  was
discovered. Electrochemical peroxidation has distinct
advantages over   photochemical processes, and  its
development was pursued.  A pilot-scale continuous
flow treatment system has  been constructed with a
local remediation firm and was  tested at a gasoline-
contaminated  groundwater site in winter of 1998/99.
In situ application of the process were conducted at a
gasoline spill  site during spring, 1999.  The process
was used to reduce chlorinated solvents (TCE, DCE,
PCE) and petroleum hydrocarbons in contaminated
groundwater at a large Air Force Base in 1998.

Since completing  the  SITE  project,  they  have
developed  and are in  the process of patenting a
peroxide release system that can be deployed at remote
sites to  address  chlorinated  and non-chlorinated
organic compounds in situ as well as add oxygen to
the groundwater to affect aerobic degradation. This
process uses a battery operated  pump to inject H2O2
into the groundwaterto delivera peroxide solution that
readily changes a plume to  an aerobic  state at a
fraction   of the  cost   of  other   oxygen  release
compounds. A pilot scale demonstration conducted at
a Saratoga Springs site  in  New York on  about
3,000,000 gallons of BTEX and MTBE contaminated
groundwater reduced the contaminant concentrations
to below detect within 6  months and increased the
dissolved oxygen concentration from <0.5 to >9.0.

Because H2O2 is >90% oxygen, the relative cost of the
increased dissolved  oxygen  is  about  1/3  that  of
commercially available oxygen  release compounds.
Additionally, in well inserts are now available to be
used in existing 2.6" monitoring and/or recovery wells
to slowly, gravity or pump release a peroxide solution
to the groundwater to affect inn situ Fenton' s Reagent
Reactions and  alter the redox of the  impacted
groundwater.  These products are currently available
through EBSI, a New Jersey based remediation firm.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Randy Parker
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
    Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7271
Fax:513-569-7571
e-mail: parker.randy@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACTS:
Ronald Scrudato
Jeffrey Chiarenzelli
Environmental Research Center
319PiezHall
State University of New York at Oswego
Oswego,NY  13126
315-341-3639
Fax:315-341-5346
e-mail: scrudato@Oswego.EDU
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                   Page 125

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Technology Profile
                      EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                                  THERMATRIX, INC.
                                    (formerly PURUS, INC.)
                                 (Photolytic Oxidation Process)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The photolytic oxidation process indirectly destroys
volatile organic  compounds (VOC)  in  soil  and
groundwater. The process uses a xenon pulsed-plasma
flash-lamp that emits  short wavelength ultraviolet
(UV) light at very high intensities. The process strips
the contaminants into the vapor phase, and the  UV
treatment converts the VOCs into less hazardous
compounds.

Photolysis occurs when contaminants absorb sufficient
UV light energy, transforming electrons to  higher
energy states and breaking molecular bonds (see figure
below). Hydroxyl radicals, however, are not formed.
The process requires the UV  light source to emit
wavelengths  in  the  regions   absorbed  by  the
contaminant. An innovative feature of this technology
is its ability to shift the UV spectral output to optimize
the photolysis.

The process uses vacuum extraction or air stripping to
volatilize  VOCs  from  soils  or  groundwater,
respectively. VOCs then enterthe photolysis reactor,
where  a xenon flashlamp generates UV light.  The
plasma is produced by pulse discharge of electrical
energy across two electrodes in the lamp. Ninety-nine
percent destruction occurs within seconds,  allowing
continuous operation. Because organics are destroyed
in the vapor phase, the process uses less energy than a
system treating dissolved organics.
                        WASTE APPLICABILITY:

                        The photolytic oxidation process is designed to destroy
                        VOCs,  including  dichloroethene   (DCE),
                        tetrachloroethene (PCE), trichloroethene (TCE), and
                        vinyl chloride volatilized from soil or groundwater.
                        Destruction of other VOCs, such as benzene, carbon
                        tetrachloride, and  1,1,1-trichloro-ethane,  is under
                        investigation.

                        STATUS:

                        The photolytic oxidation process was accepted into the
                        SITE Emerging Technology Program in March 1991.
                        Field testing of a full-scale prototype began in October
                        1991.   The test was conducted at the Lawrence
                        Livermore National Laboratory Superfund  site in
                        California.   The  site contains soil zones highly
                        contaminated with TCE.

                        During  the field test, a  vacuum extraction system
                        delivered contaminated air to the unit at air flows up to
                        500 cubic  feet per  minute (cfm).    Initial  TCE
                        concentrations in the air were approximately 25.0 parts
                        per million by volume. The contaminant removal goal
                        for the treatment was 99 percent. Vapor-phase carbon
                        filters were placed downstream of the unit to satisfy
                        California Air Quality emission control requirements
                        during the field test. Test results are discussed below.
                        The Final Report (EPA/540/R-93/516), the Summary
                        Report (EPA/540/SR-93/5I6), and the  Technology
                        Bulletin (EPA/540/F-93/501) have been published.
Cl
Cl/
                                      Cl
                                     /
                                    \H
                  UV
                                TCE
CO+ HCI
                                              UV Photolysis of TCE
Page 126
             The SITE Program assesses but does not
               approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                   February 2003
                                                                               Completed Project
The low-wavelength UV emissions  allowed direct
photolysis of many VOCs, particularly chlorinated
compounds and freons, that would  not have been
possible with commercial mercury vapor lamps. TCE,
PCE, and DCE were quickly destroyed. To be rapidly
photolyzed, some VOCs require photosensitizationor
an even lower-wavelength light source.

TCE results are shown in the table below.  TCE
removal yielded undesirable intermediates.  Greater
than 85 percent of the TCE chain photo-oxidation
product is dichloroacetyl chloride (DCAC).  Further
oxidation of DCAC is about 100 times slower than
TCE photolysis and forms dichlorocarbonyl (DCC) at
about 20 percent yield.  At this treatment level, the
DCC  concentration  may  be excessive, requiring
additional treatment.  Further studies should focus on
(1) the effectiveness of dry or wet scrubbers  for
removing   acidic  photo-oxidation  products,  (2)
development  of thermal  or  other  methods  for
posttreatment of products such as DCAC, and (3) the
use of shorter-wavelength UV lamps or catalysts to
treat a broader range of VOCs.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Norma Lewis
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
    Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7665
Fax:513-569-7787
e-mail: lewis.norma@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Ed Greene
Thermatrix, Inc.
101 Metro Drive, Suite 248
San Jose, CA 95110
865-593-4606 ext. 3206
Fax: 865-691-7903
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                                                                       Page 127

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Technology Profile
EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
          TRINITY ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
                (PCB- and Organochlorine-Contaminated Soil Detoxification)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

This  technology  uses  an aprotic  solvent,  other
reagents, and heat to dehalogenate poly chlorinated
biphenyls (PCB)  in  solids to  inert biphenyl  and
chloride salts (see figure below).  First, solid material
is sized to allow better contact between the reagents
and PCBs. In a continuous flow reactor, the soils are
heated to drive off excess water. Reagents are then
added to destroy the PCBs.

The reagent, consisting of a solvent and an inorganic
alkali material, completely strips chlorine from the
PCB molecule. Excess alkali can be easily neutralized
and is reusable in  the process.  Treated soil can be
returned to the excavation once analytical results show
that PCBs have been destroyed.

Gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy analyses of
processed PCB materials  show that the process
produces no toxic or hazardous products.
  A chlorine balance confirms that PCBs are completely
  dehalogenated.    To  further  confirm  chemical
  dehalogenation, inorganic and total organic chloride
  analyses are also used. The average total chloride
  recovery for treated soils is greater than 90 percent.

  The commercial process is expected to be less costly
  than incineration  but more  expensive  than  land
  disposal.  Since no stack emissions are produced,
  permitting the  process for a remediation would be
  easier than incineration.

  WASTE APPLICABILITY:

  The process can treat many different solid and sludge-
  type materials  contaminated  with PCB  Aroclor
  mixtures, specific PCB congeners, pentachlorophenol,
  and individual chlorinated dioxin isomers. However,
  other chlorinated hydrocarbons  such as pesticides,
  herbicides, and polychlorinated dibenzofurans could
  also be treated by this technology.
PCB
Contaminated
Soil

'
Soil Particle
Sizing
1
Particle
Screening
'



k


Alkali
Reagent

.
Soil Heated
to Remove
Moisture
i
PCBs
Removed
From Water
i
PCB
intoP

Solids
/ded
rocess




Aprotic

^,
neat
Maintained
to Promote
Dehalogenation
Reaction



Solvent Purified
to Remove
Any Soil Fines
T
Solvent Excess Alkali
Recovered from jn Non-PCB Soil
	 ^ Non-PCB Soil „..> fc Ne
-------
                                                                                      February 2003
                                                                                  Completed Project
STATUS:

This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology Program in July 1990. The current system
was developed by researchers in early 1991, after the
original  aqueous,   caustic-based   system  proved
ineffective at destroying PCBs.

The SITE project was completed in 1992.  Trinity is
investigating further improvements to the technology.
Due to cost limitations, no commercialization of the
investigated process is expected. A final report will
not be published.

In bench-scale  studies,  synthetically contaminated
materials   have  been   processed   to   eliminate
uncertainties in  initial  PCB concentration.   This
chemical process has  reduced PCB concentrations
from 2,000  parts per million (ppm) to less than 2 ppm
in about 30 minutes using moderate power input.
Further laboratory  experiments  are underway to
determine the reaction mechanism and  to enhance
PCB destruction. Through additional experimentation,
Trinity Environmental Technologies, Inc., expects to
reduce processing  time  through better temperature
control, more efficient mixing, and possibly more
aggressive reagents.
A modular pilot-scale processor has been planned that
uses several heating zones to preheat and dry the
contaminated soil, followed by PCB destruction. The
pilot process would be capable of processing 1 ton per
hour initially. Additional modules could be added to
increase process capacity, as needed.  Contaminated
soils from actual sites will be used to test the pilot-
scale  processor  instead .  of   the  synthetically
contaminated soils used in bench-scale testing.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Paul dePercin
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
    Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH  45268
513-569-7797
Fax:513-569-7105
e-mail: depercin.paul@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Duane Koszalka
Trinity Environmental Technologies, Inc.
62 East First Street
Mound Valley, KS 67354
316-328-3222
Fax:316-328-2033
                                          The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                            approve or endorse technologies.
                                                                                          Page 129

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Technology Profile
EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
          UNITED KINGDOM ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY
                          (formerly AEA Technology Environment)
                            (Soil Separation and Washing Process)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

AEA Technology Environment (AEA) has developed
an ex situ soil separation and washing process that
uses mineral processing technology and hardware.
The  process can be  used (1) as a volume reduction
process to release clean soil fractions and concentrate
contaminants, or (2) as a pretreatment stage in a
treatment train.

Because each contaminated soil isdifferent, AEA has
developed a custom physical treatment process for soil
using  a  three-stage  process:   laboratory-scale
characterization, separation testing and assessment,
and treatment and data analysis.

AEA is experienced in conducting pilot plant testing
programs on contaminated soil and mineral ores.  In
addition, AEA uses  computer software designed to
reconcile material flow data.  The results of data
processing  lead to recommendations for  full-scale
  continuous flow sheets with predicted flows of solids,
  associated  contaminant   species,  and   water.
  Contaminant levels and distributions to the various
  products can also be estimated. Such data are required
  to estimate the cost and potential success of the full-
  scale  remediation process  plant.   Flow  sheet
  configuration is flexible  and can be customized to
  address the nature and contamination of each soil or
  waste. A typical schematic flow sheet of the process
  is shown in the diagram on the  previous page. The
  flow  sheet involves screening  the  raw  feed  at 50
  millimeters  (mm)  under powerful water jets to
  deagglomerate the mass.  Debris greater than 50 mm
  in size is often decontaminated. Remaining solids and
  the water are passed through a drum scrubber that
  deagglomerates the mass further because agitation  is
  more intense. It breaks down clay lumps and adhering
  material into suspension, except for surface coatings of
  clay and oil on fine particles.  The drum scrubber
  discharge  is screened at 1 mm, and the oversize
  discharge is screened at 10 mm. The 10 to 50 mm size
  range is often clean debris; if it is not clean men it can
                lQ-5ornm
                Oversize
               1-1Omm
              (Batched lor
               Jigging)

             Slimes for
            Flocculati
          and Sedlmentatio.
                                                     High Pressure Water
                                                         Feed Soil
                                            -==0=0
                                                                                   a- 0.5mm
                                                                                  Conta ml nated
                                                                                   Product
            1 Alternative option is to use spiral separator.
            2 Alternative option Is to use multi-gravity separator.
                       Generalized Flowsheet for the Physical Treatment of Contaminated Soil
Page 130
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                            approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                     February 2003
                                                                                 Completed Project
be crushed and refed to the system. Material from 1 to
10 mm  is often contaminated and requires further
treatment.

For all material less than 1 mm, the clay and water are
removed by hydrocycloning. The fine product, less
than  10 micrometers (m), is flocculated and thickened
to recover the process water for recycling. Thickened
clay   product,   usually  containing  concentrated
contaminants, passes to further treatment or disposal.
Sands from the hydrocycloning step are further
dewatered in a  classifier before the third and most
intense deagglomeration operation.

An attrition scrubber removes the remaining surface
contamination and degrades fine clayballs.  Having
completed deagglomeration, the soil is fractionated by
particle size or separated by specific gravity. A second
stream of particles less than 10 mm  is removed by
hydrocycloning and joins the primary product stream.
Finer sands and silt are screened at 500 mm to yield a
contaminated sand for disposal orretreatment A lOto
500  mm fraction can be separated magnetically,  by
flotation,  by   multigravity separation, or  by a
combination of these methods. These stages produce
a contaminant  concentrate, leaving  the  remaining
material relatively contaminant free.

The soil separation and washing process is designed to
remove   metals,   petroleum  hydrocarbons,  and
polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons from soil. The
process  may be applied to soils  from gas and coke
works, petrochemical plants, coal mines, iron and steel
works, foundries, and nonferrous smelting, refining,
and  finishing  sites.   The  process  can also treat
sediments, dredgings, sludges, mine tailings, and some
industrial wastes.
STATUS:

The technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology Program in July 1991 and completed in
1994. A Final Report was delivered to the U.S. EPA
in 1994, and work done with this  technology was
presented the same year at the 87* Annual Meeting
and Exhibition of the Air  and  Waste Management
Association, the 20th Annual RREL Hazardous Waste
Research Symposium, and the 5th Forum on Innovative
Hazardous Waste Treatment Technologies: Domestic
and International.  Pilot trials were conducted on 30
tons of soil at a throughput rate of 0.5 ton per hour.
Several test runs were performed to evaluate different
flow sheet configurations. Reports on this technology
can be obtained from the U.S. EPA.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Mary Stinson
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
    Laboratory
MS-104, Building 10
2890 Woodbridge Avenue
Edison, NJ 08837-3679
723-321-6683
Fax:723-321-6640
e-mail: stinson.mary@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Mike Pearl
UKAEA
Marshall Building
521 Downsway
Harwell, Didcot
Oxfordshire OX11ORA England
Telephone No.: 011-44-1235-435-377
Fax:011-44-1235-436-930
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                            approve or endorse technologies.
                                   Page 131

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Technology Profile
         EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
           UNIVERSITY OF DAYTON RESEARCH INSTITUTE
                               (Photothermal Detoxification Unit)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

Photolytic reactions (reactions induced by exposure to
ultraviolet [UV] light) can destroy certain hazardous
organic  wastes  at  relatively  low  temperatures.
However,  most  photochemical  processes   offer
relatively limited  throughput  rates  and  cannot
completely mineralize  the  targeted wastes.    For
aqueous  waste streams, these problems have been
partially  addressed by using indirect photochemical
reactions involving  a  highly reactive photolytic
initiator such as hydrogen peroxide or heterogeneous
catalysts.   Recently,   the  University  of Dayton
Research Institute (UDRI)  developed a photolytic
detoxification process to treat the gas waste streams.
This process is clean and efficient and offers the speed
and general applicability of a combustion process.

The  photothermal detoxification unit (PDU)  uses
phototherma!  reactions conducted at temperatures
higher than those used in conventional photochemical
processes (200 to 500°C versus 20°C), but lower than
combustion  temperatures (typically  greater  than
1,000°C).    At  these  elevated  temperatures,
photothermal reactions are energetic enough to destroy
many wastes quickly and efficiently without producing
complex  and potentially hazardous by-products.
           The PDU is a relatively simple device, consisting of an
           insulated reactorvessel illuminated with high-intensity
           UV lamps. As shown in the figure below, the lamps
           are mounted externally for easy  maintenance  and
           inspection.   Site  remediation  technologies  that
           generate high-temperature  gas streams, such as
           thermal desorption or in situ steam stripping,  can
           incorporate the PDU with only slight  equipment
           modifications. The PDU can be equipped with a pre-
           heater for  use  with soil vapor extraction  (SVE).
           Furthermore, the  PDU  can  be  equipped with
           conventional air pollution control devices for removal
           of acids and suspended particulates from the treated
           process stream.  The PDU shown in the figure below
           is also  equipped  with  built-in sampling ports  for
           monitoring and quality assurance and quality control.

           WASTE APPLICABILITY:

           According to UDRI, the PDU has proven extremely
           effective at destroying the vapors of polychlorinated
           biphenyls,   polychlorinated  dibenzodioxins,
           polychlorinated dibenzofurans, aromatic and aliphatic
           ketones,  and aromatic  and  aliphatic  chlorinated
           solvents, as well as brominated and nitrous wastes
           found in soil, sludges, and aqueous streams. The PDU
           can be incorporated with most existing and proposed
                   Mounting
                   Flange
                    Gas Inlet
                             Thermally Insulated
                             Reactor Vessel
                             ©
                         Sampling Ports (4)
          External UV Lamp
          Assemblies (3)
                                          SupportiTransportati on
                                          Pallet
                          ©
                                                                           Exhaust
                                                                 Sampling Ports (4)
                                      Photothermal Detoxification Unit (PDU)
Page 132
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                     February 2003
                                                                                 Completed Project
remediation  processes for clean,  efficient,  on-site
destruction of the off-gases. More specifically, high-
temperature processes can directly incorporate  the
PDU; SVE can use the PDU fitted with a preheater;
and groundwater remediation processes can use the
PDU in conjunction with air stripping.

STATUS:

The  technology was accepted into the  Emerging
Technology   Program  in  August   1992,  and
development work began  in December 1992. The
evaluation was completed in  1994. The  Emerging
Technology  Report   (EPA/540/R-95/526),   the
Emerging Technology Bulletin (EPA/540/F-95/505)
and   the  Emerging  Technology   Summary
(EPA/540/SR-95/526) are  available from EPA.   An
article was also published  in the Journal of Air and
Waste Management, Volume 15, No. 2, 1995.

Emerging Technology Program data indicate that the
technology performs as  expected  for chlorinated
aromatic  wastes,  such  as  dichlorobenzene  and
tetrachloro-dibenzodioxin,and better than expected for
relatively light  chlorinated  solvents,  such  as
trichloroethene (TCE) andtetrachloroethene. Further
tests  with  selected mixtures,  including benzene,
toluene, ethyl-benzene,xylene, TCE, dichlorobenzene,
and water vapor, show that the process is effective at
treating wastes typically found at many remediation
sites.  Adequate scaling and performance data are now
available to proceed with the design and development
of prototype  full-scale units  for  field testing  and
evaluation.
Through prior programs with the U.S. Department of
Energy, technology effectiveness has been thoroughly
investigated using relatively long wavelength UV light
(concentrated sunlight with wavelengths greater than
300  nanometers).   Limited data have also been
generated at shorter wavelengths (h igher energy) us ing
available industrial UV illumination systems.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Annette Gatchett
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
  Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569*7955
Fax:513-569-7620
e-mail: gatchett.annett@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACTS:
John Graham
Environmental Sciences and
Engineering Group
University of Dayton Research Institute
300 College Park
Dayton, OH  45469-0132
937-229-2846
Fax: 937-229-2503
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                   Page 133

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                            UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON
                 (Concentrated Chloride Extraction and Recovery of Lead)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

This technology recovers  lead from soils using an
aqueous  solvent  extraction  process  that  takes
advantageof the high solubility of chlorocomplexesof
lead.  The extract solution contains greater than 4
molar sodium chloride and operates at a pH of 4. The
figure below depicts a bench-scale model of the three-
stage continuous  countercurrent pilot plant used to
study the process.

To operate the pilot plant, soil is sieved to remove
particles greater than 1.12  millimeters in diameter.
The soil is then placed hi the first chloride extraction
tank (Ml) for extraction with concentrated chloride
solution. The resulting soil and solvent slurry passes
           into a thickener (SI). The soil and solvent slurry has
           an average residence time of 1 hour in each extraction
           tank in the system.
           The bottoms of the thickener flow by gravity to the
           second chloride extraction tank (M2).  The solution
           exiting the second chloride extraction tank flows to the
           second thickener (S2).  The bottoms of the second
           thickener feed the third stage.

           The third stage is  the last soil stage  and the first
           solvent stage; fresh  solvent enters the system at stage
           three. The bottoms of the third thickener (S3) flow by
           gravity into the soil rinse system (VF1) to remove
           excess salt.  Soil rinsed in VF1 is clean product soil.
           The overflows from S3  pass to M2, the overflows
           from S2 pass to the  Ml, and the overflows from SI
                                                                      ppt.
                                                          P3
                                                 Dl Rinse Water
                                                Treated soil
                                        Vacuum JJff VF1
                         Concentrated Chloride Extraction and Recovery
                                 of Lead (Bench-Scale Process)
Page 134
The SITE Program assesses but does not
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                                                                                      February 2003
                                                                                  Completed Project
pass to the lead precipitation system (M4/S4).  In
M4/S4, lead hydroxide [(Pb(OH)2] is recovered by
simply raising the pH of the spent extraction solution
to 10.  After Pb(OH)2 removal, the spent chloride
solution flows to the solvent makeup unit (Tl) where
it is acidified to pH 4 in preparation for reuse.

This technology produces (1) treated soil, suitable for
replacement on site, and (2) Pb(OH)2 that may be
suitable for reprocessing to recover pure lead.  The
ease of solvent regeneration minimizes waste disposal.
Solvent recycling is very successful, and pilot-plant
tests have required little or no salt or water makeup.

The pilot plant has treated soil from two lead battery
waste sites (LEWS). One LEWS soil contained a high
percentage of fines (about 50 percent clay and silt),
and the other contained a  low percentage of fines (less
than 20  percent clay and silt).  The pilot plant's
method of transferring soil by gravity eases much of
the soil handling problems typical of high clay soils.
After treatment, both soils easily passed the Toxicity
Characteristic Leaching Procedure test. The total lead
concentration in the high fines and low fines soil was
reduced from 7 percent to about 0.15 percent and from
1.5 percent to 0.07 percent, respectively.

WASTE APPLICABILITY:

This technology removes high concentrations of lead
from soil, particularly at LEWS, while producing a
treated  soil that can be used as  backfill and a
recyclable, concentrated lead salt.
STATUS:

This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology Program in September 1994.  Batch
extraction testing was completed in 1995. Treatability
tests using the pilot plant to process high and low fines
soils were completed in August 1996. The high fines
soil came from a LEWS located in Houston, Texas,
and the low fines soil came from the Sapp Battery
National Priority List site in Florida.  Future plans
include expanding the applications of the technology
by studying its effect on other wastes in soils.  The
technology evaluation was scheduled to be completed
by August 1998.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Terry Lyons
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
    Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7589
e-mail: lyons.terry@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACTS:
Dennis Clifford
Department of Civil and
    Environmental Engineering
University  of Houston
4800 Calhoun  Street
Houston, TX 77204-4791
713-743-4266
Fax:713-743-4260
e-mail: DACIifford@uh.edu
                                          The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                            approve or endorse technologies.
                                                                                          Page 135

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 Technology Profile
EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                      UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA
                               (In Situ Mitigation of Acid Water)
 TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

 The in situ acid water mitigation process addresses the
 acid  drainage  problem associated  with exposed
 sulfide-bearingminerals from sources including mine
 waste rock  and abandoned metallic  mines.  Acid
 drainage forms under natural conditions when iron
 disulfides are exposed to the atmosphere and water,
 spontaneously oxidizing them to produce a complex of
 highly soluble iron  sulfates and salts. These salts
 hydrolyze   to  produce   an   acid-,  iron-,  and
 sulfate-enriched drainage that  adversely affects the
 environment.

 The in situ mitigation strategy modifies the hydrology
 and geochemical conditions of the site through land
 surface  reconstruction and  selective placement of
 limestone.
  Limestone  is used as the alkaline source material
  because it  has long-term  availability, is generally
  inexpensive, and is safe to handle.  For the chemical
  balances to be effective, the site must receive enough
  rainfall to produce seeps or drainages thatcontinually
  contact the limestone.  Rainfall, therefore, helps to
  remediate the  site, rather than increasing the acid
  drainage.

  During mine construction, lysimeters and limestone
  chimneys are installed to collect surface runoff and
  funnel it into the waste rock dump. Acidic material is
  capped with impermeable material to divert water
  from the acid cores. This design causes the net acid
  load to be lower than the alkaline load, resulting in
  benign, nonacid drainage.
                                            Overview of Site Lysimeters
Page 136
                                          The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                            approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                     February 2003
                                                                                  Completed Project
WASTE APPLICABILITY:

The  technology  mitigates  acid  drainage   from
abandoned waste dumps and mines. It can be applied
to any site  in  a  humid  area  where limestone is
available.

STATUS:

This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology Program in March  1990.  Studies under
the Emerging Technology Program are complete.  A
peer-reviewed journal article has been prepared and
submitted.

For the SITE evaluation, six large-scale lysimeters (12
feet  wide,  8 feet  high,  and  16  feet deep)  were
constructed and lined with 20-mil polyvinyl chloride
plastic (see  photograph on previous page).   The
lysimeters drained  through an  outlet pipe  into
55-gallon  collection  barrels.   Piezometers  in the
lysimeter floor monitored the hydrology and chemistry
of the completed lysimeter. During June 1991,50 tons
of acid-producing mine waste rock was packed into
each lysimeter.

The effluent from each lysimeter was monitored for 1
year to establish a quality baseline.  In the  second
phase of the study, selected lysimeters were topically
treated, maintaining two  lysimeters  as controls to
compare the efficacy of the acid abatement strategy.
In addition, a rain gauge was installed at the site for
mass balance measurements.  An ancillary  study
correlating laboratory and field results is complete.
In the last phase of the 3-year study, little if any
leachate was collected due to drought conditions in the
southeast U.S. With the return  of normal rainfall,
sufficient  leachate was  collected  to  compare  the
treated lysimeters against the controls to evaluate the
treatment's effectiveness.  The treated lysimeters, in
general, showed a 20 to 25 percent reduction in acid
formation.   The  acidities measured  about 10,000
milligrams per  liter (mg/L)   for the  untreated
lysimeters, while acidities from the treated lysimeters
measured  about  7,000  mg/L.    This  study  was
conducted on a very high acid-producing waste rock,
representing a near worst-case situation. The process
should be more successful on milder acid sources.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Roger Wilmoth
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
    Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH  45268
513-569-7509
Fax:513-569-7787
e-mail: wilmoth.roger@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Gwen Geidel
Department of Environmental Sciences
University of South Carolina
Columbia, SC 29208
803-777-5340
Fax:803-777-4512
E-mail: Geidel(Senviron.sc.edu
                                          The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                            approve or endorse technologies.
                                                                                         Page 137

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Technology Profile
EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                         UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
                                     (Adsorptive Filtration)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

Adsorptive filtration removes inorganiccontaminants
(metals) from aqueous waste streams. An adsorbent
ferrihydrite is applied to the surface  of  an inert
substrate such as sand, which is then placed in one of
three vertical  columns (see figure below).    The
contaminated waste stream is adjusted toa pH of 9 to
10 and passed through the column.  The iron-coated
sand grains in the column act simultaneously as a filter
and adsorbent. When the column's filtration capacity
is reached (indicated by particulate breakthrough or
column blockage), the column is backwashed.  When
the adsorptive capacity  of  the column is reached
(indicated by break-through  of soluble  metals), the
metals are removed and concentrated for subsequent
recovery with a pH-induced desorption process.

Sand can be coated by ferrihydrite formed when either
iron  nitrate or iron chloride salts react with sodium
hydroxide.  The resulting ferrihydrite-coated sand is
insoluble at a pH greater than 1; thus, acidic solutions
can be used in the regeneration step to ensure complete
metal recovery.  The system  does not appear to lose
treatment  efficiency after  numerous  regeneration
cycles.  Anionic metals such as arsenate, chromate,
and selenite  can be  removed from the  solution by
treating it at a pH near 4 and regenerating it at a high
pH.  The system has an empty bed retention time of 2
to 5 minutes.

This  technology  offers  several advantages over
conventional   treatment  technologies.     These
advantages are its ability to (1) remove both dissolved
and  suspended metals  from the  waste  stream,
(2) remove a variety of metal complexes, (3) work in
the presence of high concentrations of background
ions, and (4) remove anionic metals.
  WASTE APPLICABILITY:

  This adsorptive filtration process removes inorganic
  contaminants,  consisting  mainly of metals,  from
  aqueous waste streams.  It can be applied to aqueous
  waste streams with a wide  range  of contaminant
  concentrations and pH values.

  STATUS:

  This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
  Technology Program in January 1988; the evaluation
  was completed in 1992. The  Emerging Technology
  Report (EPA/540/R-93/515),  Emerging Technology
  Summary  (EPA/540/SR-93/515),  and  Emerging
  Technology Bulletin  (EPA/540/F-  92/008)  are
  available from  EPA.

  During  the SITE  evaluation,  synthetic  solutions
  containing cadmium, copper, or lead at concentrations
  of 0.5 part per  million (ppm)  were treated in packed
  columns  using 2-minute retention  times.   After
  approximately  5,000 bed volumes  were treated,
  effluent concentrations were about 0.025 ppm for each
  metal, or a 95 percent removal efficiency.  The tests
  were stopped,  although the metals were still being
  removed. In other experiments, the media were used
  to adsorb copper from wastewater containing about
  7,000 milligrams per liter (mg/L) copper.

  The first batch  of regenerant solutions contained
  cadmium and lead at concentrations of about 500 ppm.
  With initial concentrations of 0.5 ppm, this represents
  a concentration factor of about 1,000 to 1. Data for the
  copper removal test have not been analyzed. At a flow
  rate yielding a 2-minute retention time, the test would
  have taken about 7 days of continuous flow operation
  to treat 5,000 bed volumes. Regeneration took about
  2 hours.
Page 138
                                         The SUE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                    February 2003
                                                                                Completed Project
The system has also been tested for treatmentof rinse
waters from  a copper-etching process at a printed
circuit board shop.  The coated sand was effective in
removing  mixtures  of soluble,  complexed, and
particulate copper, as well as zinc and lead, from these
waters.  When two columns were used in series, the
treatment system was able to handle fluctuations in
influent copper concentration from less than 10 mg/L
up to several hundred mg/L.

Groundwater from Western Processing, a Superfund
site near Seattle, Washington, was treated to remove
both soluble and particulate zinc.

Recent tests have shown that the technology can be
used to remove heavy metals selectively from waste
solutions that contain orders of magnitude of higher
concentrations of Al, and that it can be used to remove
Sr from highly  alkaline  wastewater  (pH>14, for
example, alkaline nuclear wastes).
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Norma Lewis
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
    Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7665
Fax:513-569-7787
e-mail: lewis.norma@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Mark Benjamin
University of Washington
Department of Civil Engineering
P.O. Box 352700
Seattle, WA  98195-2700
206-543-7645
Fax:206-685-9185
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                   Page 139

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Technology Profile
         EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                   UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
                       (Photoelectrocatalytic Degradation and Removal)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The University of Wisconsin-Madison(U W-Madison)
is developing a photocatalytic technology  that uses
titanium dioxide (TiO2) suspensions to coat various
supporting materials used in treatment applications.
For this application, the suspensions are used to coat
a conductive metallic or  carbon mesh.  Coating the
mesh with  a  suitable thickness  of TiO2  catalyst
provides the basis for a photoreactorthat uses most of
the available ultraviolet (UV) radiation. An electrical
field can also be applied across the catalystto improve
its performance.

The figure below shows a possible photoreactor design
that uses a ceramic film.  In this design, the TiO2
coating on the porous metal acts as a photoanode. An
electric potential can then be placed across the coating
to direct the- flow of electrons to a porous carbon
counter-electrode that has a high surface area and is
capable of collecting collect any heavy metal ions
present in the liquid. In addition, an applied electric
potential can improve the destruction efficiency of
           organic contaminants  by  reducing  electron-hole
           recombination  on   the  catalyst  surface.  This
           recombination is seen as a  primary reason for the
           observed inefficiency of other UV/TiO2 systemsused
           to treat organics in groundwater. Lastly, the electric
           potential has been shown to reduce the interference of
           electrolytes on the oxidation process.   Electrolytes
           such as the bicarbonate ion are known hydroxyl
           radical scavengers and can  be problematic  in the
           UV/TiO2 treatment of contaminated groundwater.

           This technology  represents and  improvement on
           liquid-phase   photocatalytic   technologies   by
           distributing radiation uniformly throughout the reactor.
           Also, the  technology does  not require  additional
           oxidants, such as peroxide or ozone, to cause complete
           mineralization or to improve reaction rates.  It also
           eliminates the need for an additional unit to separate
           and recover the catalyst from the purified water after
           the reaction is complete.
        Water Outlet
                                                                         TiO2 Coated
                                                                   Metal Mesh Photoanode
                                                                          Water Inlet
                     Reference Electrode
                                                                                 U.V. Lamp
                           Porous Carbon Cathode
                              Photoreactor Design using Ceramic Film
Page 140
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                    February 2003
                                                                                Completed Project
WASTE APPLICABILITY:

This particular technology is designed to  treat
groundwater  and  dilute  aqueous  waste  streams
contaminated with  organics  and  heavy  metals.
Organics are completely oxidized to carbon dioxide,
water, and halide ions. Heavy metals are subsequently
stripped from the cathode and recovered.

STATUS:

The  UW-Madison photocatalytic technology was
accepted into the SITE Emerging Technology Program
in 1995.  The overall  objective  of the Emerging
Technology Program study is  to refine the reactor
design, enabling it to treat heavy metals as well as
organic contaminants.  Testing ofa bench-scale unit
is currently underway.

UW-Madison has tested its photocatalytic reactor at
the laboratory scale on aqueous solutions of several
organic  contaminants,  including  polychlorinated
biphenyls, chlorosalicylic acid, salicylic acid, and
ethylenediaminetetraacetate. UW-Madison has also
used similar reactors  to  remove volatile organic
compounds, such as trichloroethene, tetrachloroethene,
benzene,   and   ethylene  from   air  streams.
Photooxidation   of   trichloroethene   and
tetrachloroethene has been successfully field-tested at
low flow rates (less than 0.1 standard cubic feet per
minute).
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Vince Gallardo
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
    Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7176
Fax:513-569-7620
e-mail: gallardo,vincente@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACTS:
Marc Anderson
Water Chemistry Program
University of Wisconsin-Madison
660 North Park Street
Madison, WI 53706
608-262-2674
Fax: 608-262-0454

Charles Hill, Jr.
Department of Chemical Engineering
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Engineering Hall
1415 Engineering Drive, Room 1004
Madison, WI 53706
608-263-4593
Fax: 608-262-5434
e-mail: Hill@engr.wisc.edu
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                   Page 141

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                             UV TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
                   (formerly Energy and Environmental Engineering, Inc.)
                                    (UV CATOX™ Process)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The UV CATOX™ process photochemicaily oxidizes
organic compounds in wastewater using hydrogen
peroxide,  a chemical  oxidant,  ultraviolet (UV)
radiation, and a photocatalyst.  The photochemical
reaction has the potentialto reduce high concentrations
(200,000 or more parts per million [ppm]) of organics
in water to nondetectable levels. The energy from UV
radiation is predominantly absorbed by the organic
compound and  the oxidant,  making both  species
reactive. The process can beused as a final treatment
step  to reduce organic contamination in  industrial
wastewater and groundwater to acceptable discharge
limits.

The  existing bench-scale  system  treats  solutions
containing up to several thousand ppm of total organic
carbon at a rate of 3 gallons per minute. The bench-
scale system consists of a photochemical  reactor,
where oxidation occurs, and associated tanks, pumps,
and controls. The UV lamps are high-intensity lamps
that penetrate the wastewater more effectively. The
portable, skid-mounted system's design depends on the
chemical   composition  of  the  wastewater  or
groundwater being treated.

Typically,  the contaminated wastewater is pumped
through a filter unit to remove suspended particles.
Next, the filtrate is  mixed  with stoichiometric
quantities of hydrogen peroxide.  Finally, this mixture
is fed to the photochemical reactor and  irradiated.
Reaction products are carbon dioxide, water, and the
appropriate halogen acid. Reaction kinetics depend on
(1)   contaminant  concentration,  (2)  peroxide
concentration, (3)  irradiation dose, and  (4) radiation
spectral frequency.
           WASTE APPLICABILITY:

           The  UV   CATOX™  process  treats   industrial
           wastewater and groundwater containing organics at
           concentrations   up  to  several  thousand  ppm.
           Destruction efficiencies greater than two orders of
           magnitude have been  obtained for  chlorobenzene,
           chlorophenol, and phenol, with low to moderate dose
           rates  and  initial  concentrations   of  200  ppm.
           Destruction efficiencies of three orders of magnitude
           have been demonstrated on simulated industrial waste
           streams  representative of textile dyeing  operations,
           with higher dose rates and an initial concentration of
           200 ppm.

           STATUS:

           Studies of the UV CATOX™ process under the SITE
           Emerging Technology Program are complete, and the
           technology has been invited to participate in the SITE
           Demonstration Program. The Emerging Technology
           Report (EPA/540/SR-92/080), Emerging Technology
           Bulletin   (EPA/540/F-92/004),  and   Emerging
           Technology  Summary  (EPA/540/SR-92/080)  are
           available from EPA.

           Work involving the on-line production of oxidants and
           the  effectiveness of the photocatalytic substrate is
           underway under funding from EPA  Small Business
           Industry Research Phase II and Phase I awards.

           Representative results fromrecent trials using the UV
           CATOX™ process are summarized in the table below.
           Results are shown as the electric energy dose  per
           gram-mole of initial contaminant to cause one decade
           of contaminant destruction.
Page 142
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                          February 2003
                                                                                      Completed Project
                                    Dose (kW-hr/
  Contaminant1*                     gtnole/decade)2)

  Chlorobenzene                                7
  Trichloroethene                                5
  Trichloroethane [500]                           1
  Tetrachlproethene                              6
  1,1,1-Trichloroethane                          33
  1,1,1-Trichloroethene [1,000]                     7
  Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, & xytene            5

  Reactive Black Dye 5                          26
  Direct Yellow Dye 106                        103
  Direct Red Dye 83                             31
  Reactive Blue Dye 19                          50

  1-Chloronaphthalene [15]                       27
  Ethylene, diamine, & triacetic acid                 17
  Methanol                                     3

  Textile waste (sulfiir & indigo dyes) [740]           11
  Textile waste (fiber reactive dyes) [270]              7
  Chemical waste (formaldehyde & thiourea) [8,200]      1

  ''All are 100 parts per million,
          except as noted
  2) kilowatt-hour per gram-mole per decade
The  technology has been improved since the EPA
reports were published.  These improvements include
(1) using the UV  lamp as the energy source; (2)
improving the photochemical reactor design;  (3)
improving the lamp design, including lamp intensity
and spectral characteristics; and (4) fixing the catalyst.
A cost-competitive UV CATOX™  system can  be
designed and built to treat industrial wastewater with
contaminant levels of 10 to 10,000 ppm.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Ronald Lewis
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
    Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7856
Fax:513-569-7105
e-mail: lewis.ronald@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACTS:
Donald Habertroh
UV Technologies, Inc.
27 Tallmadge Avenue
Chattam, NJ 07928
937-635-6067
Fax: 937-635-6067
e-mail:  priscill@csnet.net
                                           The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                             approve or endorse technologies.
                                     Page 143

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                             UV TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
                   (formerly Energy and Environmental Engineering, Inc.)
                                    (UV CATOX™ Process)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The UV CATOX™ process photochemically oxidizes
organic compounds in wastewater using hydrogen
peroxide,  a chemical  oxidant,  ultraviolet  (UV)
radiation, and a photocatalyst.  The photochemical
reaction has the potentialto reduce high concentrations
(200,000 or more parts per million [ppm]) of organics
in water to nondetectable levels. The energy from UV
radiation is predominantly absorbed by the organic
compound and  the oxidant,  making both  species
reactive. The process can beused as a final treatment
step to reduce organic  contamination in  industrial
wastewater and groundwater to acceptable discharge
limits.

The  existing bench-scale  system  treats  solutions
containing up to several thousand ppm of total organic
carbon at a rate of 3 gallons per minute. The bench-
scale system consists of a photochemical  reactor,
where oxidation occurs, and associated tanks, pumps,
and controls. The UV lamps are high-intensity lamps
that penetrate the wastewater more effectively. The
portable, skid-mounted system's design depends on the
chemical   composition   of  the  wastewater  or
groundwater being treated.

Typically, the contaminated wastewater is pumped
through a filter unit to remove  suspended particles.
Next, the  filtrate  is  mixed  with stoichiometric
quantities of hydrogen peroxide.  Finally, this mixture
is fed to the photochemical reactor and irradiated. The
overall reaction is as follows:
            [2a + 0.5(b - 1)]H202 *
+ (b - 1)]H2O + HX
                                   aCO2 + [2a
           where CaHbX represents a halogenated contaminant in
           the  aqueous  phase.  Reaction products are carbon
           dioxide, water, and  the appropriate  halogen  acid.
           Reaction  kinetics  depend  on  (1)  contaminant
           concentration,   (2)  peroxide  concentration,
           (3)  irradiation dose,  and (4)  radiation  spectral
           frequency.

           WASTE APPLICABILITY:

           The  UV  CATOX™  process   treats   industrial
           wastewater and groundwater containing organics at
           concentrations  up  to  several  thousand   ppm.
           Destruction efficiencies greater than two orders of
           magnitude have been obtained for chlorobenzene,
           chlorophenol, and phenol, with low to moderate dose
           rates  and  initial concentrations  of  200  ppm.
           Destruction efficiencies of three orders of magnitude
           have been demonstrated on simulated industrial waste
           streams representative of textile  dyeing operations,
           with higher dose rates and an initial concentration of
           200 ppm.

           STATUS:

           Studies of the UV CATOX™ process under the SITE
           Emerging Technology Program are complete, and the
           technology has been invited to participate in the SITE
           Demonstration Program. The Emerging Technology
           Report (EPA/540/SR-92/080), Emerging Technology
           Bulletin  (EPA/540/F-92/004),  and  Emerging
           Technology  Summary  (EPA/540/SR-92/080)  are
           available from EPA.

           Work involving the on-line production of oxidants and
           the  effectiveness  of  the photocatalytic substrate is
           underway under funding from EPA Small Business
           Industry Research Phase II and Phase I awards.
Page  144
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                         February 2003
                                                                                     Completed Project
Representative results from recent trials using the UV
CATOX™ process are summarized in the table below.
Results are  shown as the electric energy dose per
gram-mole of initial contaminant to cause one decade
of contaminant destruction.
          A cost-competitive UV  CATOX™ system can  be
          designed and built to treat industrial wastewater with
          contaminant levels of 10 to 10,000 ppm.

          FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:
                                    Dose (kW-far/
  Contaminant*                    gmole/decade)"

  Chlorobenzene                                7
  Trichloroethene                                5
  Trichloroethane [500]                           1
  Tetrachloroethene                              6
  1,1,1 -Trichloroethane                          33
  1,1,1 -Trichloroethene [ 1,000]                     7
  Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, & xylene            5

  Reactive Black Dye 5                          26
  Direct Yellow Dye 106                        103
  Direct Red Dye 83                             31
  Reactive Blue Dye 19                          50

  1-Chloronaphthalene [15]                       27
  Ethylene, diamine, & triacetic acid                 17
  Methanol                                     3
  Textile waste (sulfur & indigo dyes) [740]
  Textile waste (fiber reactive dyes) [270]
  Chemical waste (formaldehyde & thiourea) [8,200]

          All are 100 parts per million,
          except as noted
          kilowatt-hour per gram-mole per decade
11
 7
 1
EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Ronald Lewis
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
    Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7856
Fax:513-569-7105
e-mail: lewis.ronald@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACTS:
Donald Habertroh
UV Technologies, Inc.
27 Tallmadge Avenue
Chattam, NJ 07928
937-635-6067
Fax: 937-635-6067
e-mail: priscill@csnet.net
The technology has been improved since the EPA
reports were published. These improvements include
(1) using the  UV lamp  as  the  energy source;  (2)
improving the photochemical reactor design;  (3)
improving the lamp design, including lamp intensity
and spectral characteristics; and (4) fixing the catalyst.
                                           The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                             approve or endorse technologies.
                                               Page 145

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                              VORTEC CORPORATION
                              (Oxidation and Vitrification Process)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

Vortec  Corporation  (Vortec)  has  developed  an
oxidation  and vitrification process for remediating
soils, sediments,  sludges,  and industrial wastes
contaminated with organics,  inorganics, and heavy
metals.  The process can oxidize and vitrify materials
introduced as dry granulated materials or slurries.

The figure below illustrates the Vortec oxidation and
vitrification process.  Its basic elements include (1) a
cyclone melting  system  (CMS*);  (2) a  material
handling,  storage, and feeding subsystem; (3)  a
vitrifiedproductseparationand reservoir assembly;(4)
a waste heat recovery air preheater (recuperator); (5)
an air pollution control subsystem; and (6) a vitrified
product handling subsystem.

The  Vortec CMS® is the  primary waste processing
system and consists of two  major assemblies:  a
counterrotating vortex  (CRV)  in-flight  suspension
preheater and a cyclone melter. First, slurried or dry-
contaminated soil is introduced into the CRV.  The
CRV (1) uses the auxiliary fuel introduced directly
into  the CRB; (2)  preheats  the suspended waste
           materials along  with  any glass-forming additives
           mixed with  soil;  and  (3)  oxidizes  any  organic
           constituents  in  the  soiVwaste.     The  average
           temperature of materials leaving the CRV reactor
           chamber is between 2,200 and 2,800°F, depending on
           the melting characteristics of the processed soils.

           The preheated solid materials exit the CRV and enter
           the cyclone melter, where they are dispersed to the
           chamber walls to form a molten glass product. The
           vitrified, molten  glass product and the exhaust gases
           exit  the cyclone melter through  a tangential exit
           channel and enter a glass- and gas-separationchamber.

           The exhaust gases then enter an air preheater for waste
           heat recovery and are subsequently delivered to the air
           pollution control subsystem for participate and acid
           gas removal. The molten glass product exits the glass-
           and gas-separation chamber through the tap and is
           delivered to a water quench assembly for subsequent
           disposal.
                            WASTE
                            MATERIAL
                                    ADDITIVES
                                  MATERIAL HANDLING
                                  STORAGE & FEEDING
                                  SUBSYSTEM
                   FLUE GAS
                   CLEANUP
                   SUBSYSTEM
                                           VITRIFIED PRODUCT
                                          HANDLING SUBSYSTEM
                                    Vortec Vitrification Process
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                                                                                     February 2003
                                                                                  Completed Project
Unique  features  of  the  Vortec  oxidation  and
vitrification process include the following:
•   Processes solid waste contaminated with both
    organic and heavy metal contaminants
•   Uses various fuels, including gas, oil, coal, and
    waste
•   Handles waste quantities ranging from 5 tons per
    day to more than 400 tons per day
•   Recycles particulate residue collected in the air
    pollution control subsystem into the CMS®. These
    recycled materials are incorporated into the glass
    product, resulting in zero solid waste discharge.
•   Produces  a vitrified product that  is nontoxic
    according to EPA toxicity characteristic leaching
    procedure (TCLP)  standards. The  product also
    immobilizes  heavy metals and has long-term
    stability.

WASTE APPLICABILITY:

The Vortec oxidation and vitrification process treats
soils,  sediments,  sludges,   and  heavy metal
contamination.  The high temperatures in  the CRV
successfully oxidize organic materials included with
the waste.  The inorganic constituents in the waste
material determine the amount  and type of glass-
forming additives  required to  produce a  vitrified
produce. This process can be modified to produce a
glass  cullet  that   consistently   meets  TCLP
requirements.

STATUS:

The Vortec oxidation and vitrification  process was
accepted into the SITE Emerging Technology Program
in  May  1991.   Research  under the  Emerging
Technology Program was completed in winter 1994,
and Vortec was  invited to participate  in the SITE
Demonstration Program.
A 50-ton-per-day system has been purchased by Ormet
Aluminum Corporation of Wheeling, West Virginia
for recycling aluminum spent pot liners, a cyanide-
and fluoride-containing waste (K088). The recycling
system became operational in 1996.

The Vortec CMS® is classified by the U.S. EPA as
Best Demonstrated Available Technology (BDAT) for
the processing of K088 waste. Additional projects
with the aluminum industry and other industrial waste
generators are in progress.

A 25-ton-per-day, transportable system fro treating
contaminated soil at a Department of Energy site in
Paducah, Kentucky was delivered in 1999.

Vortec is offering commercial systems and licenses for
the CMS® system.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Teri Richardson
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
  Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH  45268
513-569-7949
Fax:513-569-7105
e-mail: richardson.teri@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
James Hnat
Vortec Corporation
3770 Ridge Pike
Collegeville, PA 19426-3158
610-489-2255
Fax:610-489-3185
e-mail: jhnat@vortec.org
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                            approve or endorse technologies.
                                    Page 147

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Technology Profile
         EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
             WESTERN PRODUCT RECOVERY GROUP, INC.
                   (Coordinate, Chemical Bonding, and Adsorption Process)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The coordinate, chemical bonding, and adsorption
(CCBA) process converts  heavy metals in soils,
sediments, and sludges to nonleaching silicates.  The
process can also oxidize organics in the waste stream
and incorporate the ash into the ceramic pellet matrix
(see figure below).  The solid residual consistency
varies  from  a  soil and sand  density  and  size
distribution to a controlled size distribution ceramic
aggregate form. The residue can be placed back in its
original  location  or used   as   a  substitute   for
conventional aggregate.  The process uses clays  with
specific cation exchange capacity as sites for physical
and chemical bonding of heavy metals to the clay.

The process is  designed for  continuous flow.  The
input sludge and soil stream are carefully ratioed with
specific  clays and  then  mixed in a high-intensity
mechanical mixer.  The mixture is then densified and
formed into green or unfired pellets of a desired  size.
The green pellets are then direct-fired in a rotary kiln
           for approximately 30 minutes. The pellet temperature
           slowly rises to 2,000°F, converting the fired pellet to
           the ceramic state. Organics on the pellet's surface are
           oxidized, and organics inside the pellet are pyrolyzed
           as the temperature rises. As the pellets reach 2,000°F,
           the available silica sites in the clay chemically react
           with the heavy metals in the soil and sludge to form
           the final metal silicate product.

           The process residue is an inert ceramic product, free of
           organics, with metal silicates providing a molecular
           bonding structure that precludes  leaching.  The kiln
           off-gas  is processed in an afterburner and wet scrub
           system  before it is  released into  the  atmosphere.
           Excess  scrub solution is recycled  to the front-end
           mixing process.
                                                                    To Stack
                 Clay
                   Soils/
                   Sludges/
                   Sediments
                                                                       Residual
                                                                        Product
                                Coordinate, Chemical Bonding, and Adsorption (CCBA) Process
Page  148
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                                                                                  February 2003
                                                                              Completed Project
WASTE APPLICABILITY:

The  CCBA  process  has  been  demonstrated
commercially  on metal  hydroxide  sludges at a
throughput of 70 wet tons per month, based on an 8-
hour day, for a 25 percent solid feed. This process can
treat wastewater sludges,  sediments,  and  soils
contaminated with most mixed organic and heavy
metal wastes.

STATUS:

The CCBA process was accepted into the SITE
Emerging Technology  Program in January 1991.
Under this program, the CCBA technology has been
modified to include soils contaminated with both
heavy metals and most organics. The SITE studies
were completed at a pilot facility with a capacity of 10
pounds per hour.  Proof tests using contaminated soil
have been completed.  The Emerging Technology
Report,  Emerging   Technology   Summary,  and
Emerging Technology Bulletin are available from
EPA.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Vince Gallardo
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
    Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7176
Fax:513-569-7620
e-mail: gallardo.vincente@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACTS:
Donald Kelly
Western Product Recovery Group, Inc.
P.O. Box 79728
Houston, TX 77279
210-602-1743
                                       The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                         approve or endorse technologies.
                                  Page 149

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                       WESTERN RESEARCH INSTITUTE
                             (Contained Recovery of Oily Wastes)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The  contained recovery of oily wastes (CROW®)
process recovers oily wastes from the ground by
adapting a technology used for secondary petroleum
recovery and primary production of heavy oil and tar
sand bitumen. Steam or hot water displacement, with
or without the use of chemicals such as surfactants or
mobility control chemicals, moves accumulated oily
wastes and water to production wells for aboveground
treatment.

Injection and production wells are first installed in soil
contaminated with oily wastes (see figure below). If
contamination  has  penetrated  into or below the
aquifer, low-quality steam can be injected below the
organic liquids to dislodge and sweep them upward
into  the more permeable aquifer soil regions.  Hot
water is injected above the impermeable regions to
heat and mobilize the oily waste accumulation. The
mobilized wastes are then recovered by hot water
displacement.
           When the organic wastes are displaced, organic liquid
           saturation in the subsurface pore space  increases,
           forming a free-fluid bank.  The hot water injection
           displaces the free-fluid bank to the production well.
           Behind the free-fluid bank, the contaminant saturation
           is reduced to an immobile residual saturation in the
           subsurface pore space. The extracted contaminant and
           water are treated for reuse or discharge.

           During treatment, all mobilized organic liquids and
           water-soluble contaminants are contained within the
           originalboundariesofwasteaccumulation. Hazardous
           materials are  contained laterally by  groundwater
           isolation and vertically by organic liquid flotation.
           Excess water is treated in compliance with discharge
           regulations.

           The CROW® process removes the mobile portions of
           contaminant accumulations; stops the downward and
           lateral migration of organic contaminants; immobilizes
           any remaining organic wastes as a residual saturation;
           and reduces the volume, mobility, and toxicity of the
                    Steam-Stripped
                       Water
                                 Injection Well
                                                             Production Well
                                                               Original Oil
                                                              Accumulation
                                                  1      T      .]
                                                                Hot Water
                                                                 Flotation
                                           Steam
                                          Injection
                                 CROW® Subsurface Development
Page 150
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                                                                                     February 2003
                                                                                  Completed Project
contaminants.  The process can be used for shallow
and deep  areas, and can recover light and  dense
nonaqueous phase liquids.  The system uses readily
available mobile equipment.  Contaminant removal
can be increased by adding small quantities of selected
biodegradable chemicals in the hot water injection.

In  situ  biological  treatment  may  follow  the
displacement, which continues  until groundwater
contaminants are no longer detected in water samples
from the site.

WASTE APPLICABILITY:

The CROW® process can be applied to manufactured
gas plant sites, wood-treating sites, petroleum-refining
facilities, and other areas  with  soils and  aquifers
containing light to dense organic liquids such as coal
tars, pentachlorophenol  (PCP) solutions, chlorinated
solvents, creosote, and petroleum by-products. Depth
to the contamination is not a limiting factor.

STATUS:

The CROW® process was tested in the laboratory and
at the pilot-scale level  under the  SITE Emerging
Technology   Program   (ETP).     The   process
demonstrated  the  effectiveness   of  hot  water
displacement and the benefits of including chemicals
with the hot water. Based on results from the ETP, the
CROW® process was invited to participate in the SITE
Demonstration   Program.     The   process   was
demonstrated at the  Pennsylvania Power and  Light
(PP&L)  Brodhead  Creek   Superftmd   site   at
Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania.

The site contained an area with high concentrations of
by-products from past operations.  The demonstration
began in July 1995; field work was completed in June
1996. Closure of the site was completed in late 1998.
The CROW® process was applied to a tar holder at a
former MGP  site in Columbia, Pennsylvania.  The
work was completed in 1998.

A pilot-scale demonstration was completed  at  an
active wood treatment site  in Minnesota.  Over  80
percent of nonaqueous-phase liquids were removed in
the pilot test, as predicted by treatability studies, and
PCP concentrations decreased 500 percent. The full-
scale, multiphase remediation is presently underway.
Results indicate that organic removal is greater than
twice that of pump-and-treat. The project is operating
within the constraints of an active facility.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Richard Eilers
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
  Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7809
Fax:513-569-7111
e-mail: eilers.richrd@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY  DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Lyle Johnson
Western Research Institute
365 North 9th
Laramie, WY 82070-3380
307-721-2281
Fax:307-721-2233
e-mail: Lylej@uwyo.edu
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                           approve or endorse technologies.
                                   Page 151

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                        ZENON ENVIRONMENTAL INC.
                             (Cross-Flow Pervaporation System)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The ZENON Environmental Inc. (ZENON), cross-
flow pervaporation technology is a membrane-based
process  that removes volatile organic  compounds
(VOC) from aqueous matrices.  The technology uses
anorganophilicmembranemadeofnonporoussilicone
rubber, which is permeableto organic compounds, and
highly resistant to degradation.

In a typical field application, contaminated water is
pumped from an equalization tank through a prefilter
to remove debris and silt particles, and then into a heat
exchanger that raises the water temperature to about
165°F (75°C).  The  heated water then flows into a
pervaporation  module containing the organophilic
membranes.  The composition of the  membranes
causes organics in solution to adsorb to them.   A
vacuum applied to the system causes the organics to
diffuse through the membranes and move out of the
pervaporation module.  This material is then passed
through a condenser generating a highly concentrated
liquid called permeate.   Treated water exits  the
pervaporation  module and is discharged from  the
system.  The  permeate  separates into aqueous and
organic phases. Aqueous phase permeate is sent back
          to the pervaporation module for further treatment,
          while the organic phase permeate is discharged to a
          receiving vessel.

          Because  emissions  are  vented  from the system
          downstream of the condenser, organics are kept  in
          solution, thus minimizing air releases. The condensed
          organic materials represent only a small fraction of the
          initial wastewater volume and may be subsequently
          disposed of at significant cost savings.  This process
          may also treat industrial  waste streams and recover
          organics for later use.

          WASTE APPLICABILITY:

          Pervaporation can be applied to aqueous waste streams
          such as groundwater,  lagoons, leachate, and rinse
          waters that are contaminated  with VOCs such  as
          solvents, degreasers, and gasoline. The technology is
          applicable to the types of aqueous wastes treated by
          carbon adsorption, air stripping, and steam stripping.
                                ZENON Cross-Flow Pervaporation System
Page 152
The SITE Program assesses but does not
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                                                                                  February 2003
                                                                               Completed Project
STATUS:

This technology was accepted into the SITE Emerging
Technology Program (ETP) in January 1989.  The
Emerging Technology Report (EPA/540/F-93/503),
which details results from the ETP evaluation,  is
available from EPA. Based on results from the ETP,
ZENON was invited to demonstrate the technology in
the SITE Demonstration Program.  A pilot-scale
pervaporation  system,   built   by  ZENON  for
Environment  Canada's  Emergencies Engineering
Division, was tested over a 2-year period (see
photograph  on previous  page).  During the second
year, testing was carried out over several months at a
petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated site in Ontario,
Canada.

A full-scale  SITE demonstration took  place  hi
February 1995 at a former waste disposal areaatNaval
Air StationNorth Island in San Diego, California. The
demonstration was  conducted as a cooperative effort
among EPA,  ZENON,  the Naval Environmental
Leadership Program, Environment Canada, and the
Ontario Ministry of Environment and Energy.

Organics were the primary groundwater contaminant
at the site, and trichloroethene (TCE) was selected as
the contaminantof concern forthe demonstration. The
Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/MR- 95/511) and
Demonstration Capsule  (EPA/540/R-95/511a)  are
available from EPA.
DEMONSTRATION RESULTS:

Analysis of demonstration samples indicate that the
ZENON pervaporation system was about 98 percent
effective in removing TCE from groundwater. The
system achieved this removal efficiency with TCE
influent concentrations of up to 250 parts per million
at a flow rate of 10 gallons per minute (gpm) or less.
Treatment efficiency remained  fairly consistent
throughout the demonstration; however, the treatment
efficiency decreased at various times due to mineral
scaling problems.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Ronald Turner
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
  Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7775
Fax:513-569-7676

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Chris Lipski
ZENON Environmental Inc.
845 Harrington Court
Burlington, Ontario, Canada
L7N3P3
905-965-3030 ext, 3250
Fax:905-639-1812
                                        The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                          approve or endorse technologies.
                                  Page 153

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                                   EARTH TECH, INC.
                                  (formerly ITT Night Vision)
                     (In Situ Enhanced Bioremediation of Groundwater)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

ITT  Night Vision  is conducting in situ enhanced
aerobic bioremediation of contaminated groundwater
in fractured bedrock utilizing technologies developed
at the U. S. Department of Energy Savannah River Site.
The  site  demonstration involved remediation of
groundwater in the vicinity of one contaminant source
area as a pilot-scale operation, with the possibility of
applying  the  technology  elsewhere  on   site.
Contaminants of concern  in  on-site groundwater
included chlorinated solvents and their products, plus
acetone and isopropanol. To accelerate the intrinsic
(natural) biodegradation observed at the site, the
selected remedy involves the subsurface injection of
air, gaseous-phase nutrients (triethyl  phosphate and
nitrous oxide), and  methane. The  amendments were
added to  stimulate existing  microbial populations
(particularly methanotrophs) so that they could more
aggressively break down the contaminants of concern.
Amendmentdeliveryto the surface was accomplished
through an injection well, and the injection zone of
influence   was  confirmed   using  surrounding
groundwater  monitoring  wells  and  soil  vapor
monitoring points.

The  patented PHOSter™  process for injection of
triethyl phosphate in a gaseous phase was licensed for
use at this  site as an integral element of the enhanced
bioremediation operation. This technology maximizes
the subsurface zone of influence of nutrient injection
as compared to technologies injecting nutrients in
liquid or slurry form. Monitoring of contaminant (and
breakdown product) concentrations in groundwater
and  soil  vapor, measurement of microbiological
population density and diversity, and monitoring of
nutrient concentrations and groundwater geochemical
parametersprovides feedback on system effectiveness.
This in  turn allows adjustments to be made in the
sequencing and rate of delivery of air, nutrients, and
methane  in  response  to  changing  subsurface
conditions.
           WASTE APPLICABILITY:

           The  Enhanced  In-Situ Bioremediation  process  is
           applicable for creating volatile organic compounds
           (VOCs)  in  groundwater that can  be  naturally
           biodegraded,  including  some  hard to  degrade
           chlorinated VOCs.  The mixture of ah- and gaseous
           phase nutrients that is injected into the  subsurface
           provides  an  aerobic environment  for contaminant
           degradation.  Toxic products resulting from anaerobic
           degradation  of chlorinated  solvents (e.g.,  vinyl
           chloride) may be  broken down completely in this
           aerobic environment. The in-situ process is especially
           applicable for hydrogeologically complex sites where
           injected nutrient flow patterns are uncertain (i.e.,  in
           fractured bedrock gaseous phase nutrient injection  is
           more likely to affect a larger area than liquid nutrient
           injection The process is also applicable in situations
           where subsurface utilities limit or preclude the use of
           technologies requiring excavation.

           The enhanced bioremediation system, currently being
           used in the ongoing RCRA corrective action interim
           measure at the ITT Night Vision facility, was accepted
           into the SITE program in 1997, (the  demonstration
           was conducted March  1998 to  August 1999) with
           system start  up  occurring in  March of 1998.  The
           technology had  previously been approved by EPA
           Region 3 as an Interim Measure part of the facility's
           ongoing RCRA Corrective Action program.

           Due to the positive performance of the technology
           during  the   SITE  Demonstration   project,  the
           remediation system was expanded to address the entire
           contamination plume at the site .Demonstration results
           are shown in Table 1.   Results were based on 28
           baseline and 28 final samples for the four critical
           analytes are presented in Table  1. VOC concentrations
           were determined by EPA SW-846 Method 8260. The
           results indicate that the targeted 75 percent reduction
           was achieved or exceeded for two of the four critical
           compounds, from baseline to final events.
Page 154
The SlTE Program assesses but does not
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                                        February 2003
                                       Ongoing Project
Target
Compound
CA
1,1-DCA
«s-l,2-DCE
VC
Contaminant
Concentration (pg/L)
Baseline
256
960
1,100
1,100
Final
210
190
90
45
Average
Percent
Reduction
36
80
97
96
Statistically
Significance
Present
Reduction
4
71
55
52
           FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

           EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
           Vince Gallardo
           US EPA  MS. 481
           National Risk Management Research
             Laboratory
           26 W. Martin Luther King Drive
           Cincinnati, OH 45268
           513-569-7176
           Fax:513-569-7620
           e-mail: gallardo.vincente@epa.gov

           ITT NIGHT VISION PROJECT MANAGER:
           Rosann Kryczkowski
           Manager, Environmental, Health & Safety
           ITT Night Vision
           763 5 Plantation Road
           Roanoke, VA 24019-3257
           540-362-7356
           Fax: 540-362-7370

           TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
           Brian B. Looney, Ph.D.
           Westinghouse Savannah River Company
           Savannah River Technology Center
           Aiken, SC 29808
           803-725-3692
           Fax: 803-725-7673

           TECHNOLOGY LICENSEE CONTACT
           Greg Carter
           Earth Tech Inc.
           C/O ITT Night Vision
           7635 Plantation Road
           Roanoke, VA 24019
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.
Page 155

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                          ELECTRO-PETROLEUM, INC.
                      (Electro-Kinetically Aided Remediation [EKAR])
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

Electrokinetics is a general term describing a variety of
physical  changes,  electrochemical  reactions  and
coupled flows, which can occur when electricalcurrent
flows through soils containing one or more phases of
fluids.    Electrokinetically-Aided  Remediation
(EKAR), which utilizes electric fields to drive fluids
and charged particles through a porus medium, is
being developed for in-situ soil remediation.  In this
process, an electrical current or potential difference is
applied across  electrodes placed into  soil in the
treatment  area.   The  applied  electrical  current
effectively enlarges the throat diameter of soil pores,
compared to Darcy flow, and changes the capillary
forces  allowing NAPL to pass  through. Dissolved
organic and non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) will
also accompany the increased electroosmotic water
flux toward the cathode. Hydrolyzed ionic species and
charged colloidal particles  will drift toward  the
electrode of opposite polarity.

A typical electrokinetic field deployment is set up as
follows:. A seven-spot pattern consisting of six anode
wells surrounding a central cathode extraction well is
used to remediate a volume  of subsurface material.
NAPL concentrations are extracted at the electrode
wells for further treatment or disposal. The mobility
of the  ions and pore  fluids decontaminates the soil
mass.  EKAR can supplement or replace conventional
pump and treat technologies.
           WASTE APPLICABILITY:

           Electrokinetically aided remediation has particular
           applicability  to  both  organic  and   inorganic
           contaminants in lowpenneabilitysoils. Electrokinetic
           mechanisms increase fluid flow through fine grained
           porus media. This mechanism increases the removal
           of mobile non-aqueous phase liquid, its residual, and
           its aqueous phases.  It is equally effective with both
           LNAPL  and  DNAPL.     Because  of the
           electrokinetically imposed electric field's ability to
           drive charged particles through a fluid, the technology
           can be used to increase particulate contaminant flux
           through soil and transport microbes to contaminated
           zones for bioremediation. Electrochemical treatment
           may be engineeredto extract soluble species of cations
           and anions without the need for water flushing and
           secondary treatments.

           STATUS:

           Bench laboratory studies investigating the  metals,
           organics, and  radionuclides, have been  completed.
           Organics investigated included acetone, BTEX, and
           PAHs.   Metals  removal investigations focused  on
           arsenic,  cadmium,  chromium, lead, nickel and
           mercury.

           Radionuclides investigated included cesium, cobalt,
           technicium, strontium, and uranium.  Bench scale
           treatability tests have  shown significant removal of
           TCE from core samples.

           The technology is scheduled to be demonstrated at
           Offut Air Force Base, Nebraska in 2003, and evaluated
           for its ability to remediate TCE contaminated soils.
Page 156
The SITE Program assesses but does not
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                                                                               February 2003
                                                                             Ongoing Proiect
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Randy A. Parker
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Blvd.
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7271
Fax:513-569-7143
e-mail: parker.randy@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Dr. J. Kenneth Whittle, V.P.
Electro-Petroleum, Inc
996 Old Eagle School Rd.
Wayne, PA 19087
610-687-9070
Fax: 610-964-8570
                                      The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                        approve or endorse technologies.
Page 157

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                   HARDING ESE, A MACTEC COMPANY
                        (formerly ABB Environmental Services, Inc.)
                (Two-Zone, Plume Interception, In Situ Treatment Strategy)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The two-zone, plume interception, in situ treatment
strategy  is  designed  to  treat  chlorinated  and
nonchlorinated organic compounds in saturated soils
and groundwater using a sequence of anaerobic and
aerobic conditions (see figure below).  The hi situ
anaerobic and aerobic system constitutes a treatment
train that biodegrades a wide assortment of chlorinated
and nonchlorinated compounds.

When applying this technology, anaerobic and aerobic
conditions are produced in two distinct, hydraulically
controlled, saturated soil zones. Groundwater passes
through each zone as it is recirculated through the
treatment area.  The first zone, the anaerobic zone, is
designed to partially dechlorinate highly chlorinated
solvents   such  as   tetrachloroethene  (PCE),
trichloroethene(TCE), and 1,1,1-trichloroethanewith
natural biological processes. The second zone, the
          aerobic zone, isdesigned to biologically oxidize the
          partially dechlorinated products from the first zone, as
          well as other compounds that were not susceptible to
          the anaerobic treatment phase.

          Anaerobic conditions are produced or enhanced in the
          first treatment zone by introducing a primary carbon
          source, such as lactic acid, and mineral nutrients, such
          as nitrogen and phosphorus.  When proper anaerobic
          conditions  are attained, the target contaminants are
          reduced.  For example, PCE is dechlorinated to TCE,
          and TCE is dechlorinated to dichloroethene(DCE) and
          vinyl chloride.   Under favorable  conditions,  this
          process can completely  dechlorinate the organics to
          ethene and ethane.

          Aerobic conditions are produced or enhanced in the
          second treatment zone by introducing oxygen, m ineral
          nutrients such  as  nitrogen and phosphorus, and
          possibly an additional carbon source, such as methane
           CONTAMINANT
             SOURCE
                                                                                    NUTRIENTS,
                                                                                     OXYGEN
                                                                                    (METHANE)
        IMPERMEABLE
           LAYER
                          GROUNDWATER FLOW
                             Two-Zone, Plume Interception, In Situ Treatment Strategy
Page 158
The SITE Program assesses but does not
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                                                                                      February 2003
                                                                                    Ongoing Project
(if an insufficient supply of methane results from the
pstream,  anaerobic zone).   When proper aerobic
conditions  are attained  in  this  zone,  partially
dechlorinated products and  other target compounds
from the  first zone are oxidized. For example, less-
chlorinated ethenes such as DCE and vinyl chloride
are cometabolized duringthe aerobic microbiological
degradation of methane.

The  treatment strategy is designed to biologically
remediate   subsoils  by   enhancing   indigenous
microorganism activity.   If indigenous bacterial
populations do not provide the adequate anaerobic or
aerobic results, specially adapted cultures  can be
introduced  to the  aquifer.    These  cultures are
introduced using media-filledtrenchesthat can support
added microbial growth.

WASTE APPLICABILITY:

The  two-zone, plume interception, in situ treatment
strategy is designed to treat groundwater and saturated
soils  containing  chlorinated  and nonchlorinated
organic compounds.

STATUS:

The  two-zone, plume interception, in situ treatment
strategy  was  accepted into  the  SITE Emerging
Technology Program in July 1989. Optimal treatment
parameters for field  testing  were investigated in
bench-scale soil aquifer simulators. The objectives of
bench-scale testing were to (1)  determine  factors
affecting the development of each zone, (2) evaluate
indigenous bacterial communities,  (3) demonstrate
treatment of chlorinated and nonchlorinated solvent
mixtures, and (4) develop  a model  for the field
remediation design.    The  Emerging Technology
Bulletin (EPA/540/F-95/510), which details the bench-
scale testing results, is available from EPA.
A pilot-scale field demonstration system was installed
at an industrial facility in Massachusetts.  Pilot-scale
testing began in September 1996. Results from this
testing indicate the following:

•   The reductive dechlorination of PCE and TCE to
    DCE,  VC, and ethene has been  accomplished
    primarily by sulfate-reducing bacteria.

•   A time lag of about 4 months was required before
    significant reductive dechlorination  occurred.
    This corresponded  to the time and  lactic acid
    dosing required to reduce the redox to about -100
    throughout the treatment cell.

•   Sequential   anaerobic-aerobic   (Two-Zone)
    biodegradation of PCE  and  its degradation
    products appear to be a viable and cost-effective
    treatment technology for the enhancement of
    natural reductive dechlorination processes.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Randy Parker
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
  Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7271
Fax:513-569-7143
e-mail: parker.randy@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Willard Murray
Harding Lawson Associates
107 Audubon Road, Suite 25
Wakefield,MA 01880
781-245-6606
Fax:781-246-5060
e-mail: wmurray@harding.com
                                          The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                            approve or endorse technologies.
                                    Page 159

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Technology Profile
                                     EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
               LEWIS ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES, INC./
                            fflCKSON CORPORATION
                   (Chromated Copper Arsenate Soil Leaching Process)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

Lewis Environmental  Services, Inc.  (Lewis),  has
developed a soil leaching process to remediate soils
contaminated  with  inorganics  and heavy  metals
including chromium, copper,  cadmium, mercury,
arsenic, and lead.

The  soil leaching  process consists of leaching
contaminated soil in a countercurrent stirred reactor
system (see figure below). A screw feeder delivers the
soil into the reactor, where it is leached with sulfuric
acid for 30 to 60 minutes. The sulfuric acid solubilizes
the inorganics and heavy metals into the leaching
solution. Any organic contaminants are separated and
                                       decanted from the leaching solution, using strong acid
                                       leachate, space  separation,  and skimming.  The
                                       processed soil is then washed with water and air-dried.

                                       The wash water is then treated with Lewis' ENVIRO-
                                       CLEAN PROCESS, which consists of a granulated
                                       activated carbon  system followed by an electrolytic
                                       recovery system. The ENVIRO-CLEAN PROCESS
                                       recovers the heavy metals from the leaching solution
                                       and wash water and produces an effluent that meets
                                       EPA discharge limits for heavy metals. The treated
                                       wash water can then be reused in the soil washing step.
                                       The leaching solution can be returned directly to the
                                       stirred  reactor  system,  depending  on  its metals
                                       concentration.
                                                            Activated
                                                             Carbon
                                                             Process
                              ENVIRO-CLEAN
                                PROCESS —
                              Activated
                               Carbon
                               Process
Recycled/Reuse
  Extraction
   Solution
                        Chrohiated Copper Arsenate Soil Leaching Process
Page 160
                             The SITE Program assesses but does not
                               approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                      February 2003
                                                                                    Ongoing Project
Contaminated soil must be properly sized and screened
to facilitate  leaching in the  stirred reactor system.
Large pieces of debris such as rocks, wood, and bricks
mustberemovedbeforetreatment Standard screening
and classification equipment,  such as that used in
municipal waste treatment plants, is suitable for this
purpose.

The  soil leaching  process  does  not  generate
appreciable  quantities of treatment by-products or
waste streams containing heavy metals. The treated
soil meets toxicity characteristic leaching procedure
(TCLP) criteriaand can be either returned to the site or
disposed of at a nonhazardous landfill. The granular
activated carbon requires disposal after about 20 to 30
treatment cycles and should also meet TCLP criteria.
Heavy metals recovered by the ENVIRO-CLEAN
process can be reused by industry.

WASTE APPLICABILITY:

The soil leaching process can treat wastes generated by
the wood preserving and metal plating industries,
battery waste sites, and urban lead sites.

STATUS:

The  soil leaching process was accepted into  the
Emerging Technology Program in 1993. Laboratory-
scale tests have shown that the process successfully
treats  soil  contaminated with chromated copper
arsenate (CCA).   The evaluation  of the technology
under the SITE Program was completed in September
1996. Results from the evaluation will be available in
1997.

In 1992, Lewis treated  a  5-gallon  sample of CCA-
contaminated  soil   from  Hickson  Corporation
(Hickson), a  major CCA chemical manufacturer. The
treated soil met TCLP criteria, with chromium and
arsenic, the two main leaching solution constituents,
averaging 0.8 milligram per kilogram (mg/kg) and 0.9
mg/kg, respectively.
Analysis also  revealed 3,330 milligrams per liter
(mg/L) of chromium,  13,300 mg/L of copper, and
22,990 mg/L of iron  in the leaching solution.  In
addition, analysis indicated 41.4 mg/L of chromium,
94.8 mg/L of copper, and 3.0 mg/L of arsenic present
in the wash water.  After treatment, the wash water
contained metals levels below 0.01 mg/L for copper
and chromium and 0.3  mg/L for arsenic.

Lewis  plans further laboratory-scale testing  at  its
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania facility, followed by bench-
or pilot-scale testing at Hickson's  facility in Conley,
Georgia.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Randy Parker
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
    Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7271
Fax:513-569-7143

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Tom Lewis III
Lewis Environmental Services, Inc.
550 Butler Street
Etna, PA 15223
412-799-0959
Fax: 412-799-0958
                                         The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                            approve or endorse technologies.
                                    Page 161

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
                      MATRIX PHOTOCATALYTIC INC.
                               (Photocatalytic Air Treatment)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

Matrix Photocatalytic Inc. is developing a titanium
dioxide (TiO^) photocatalytic air treatmenttechnology
that destroys volatile organic compounds (VOC) and
semivolatile  organic  compounds  in  air streams.
During  treatment, contaminated air  at ambient
temperatures flows through a fixed TiO2catalyst bed
activated by ultraviolet (UV) light. Typically, organic
contaminants are destroyed in fractions of a second.

Technology advantages include the following:

•  Robust equipment
•  No residual toxins
•  No ignition source
•  Unattended operation
*  Low direct treatment cost
           The technology has been tested on benzene, toluene,
           ethylbenzene,   and  xylene;  trichloroethene;
           tetrachloroethane;   isopropyl   alcohol;  acetone;
           chloroform; methanol; and methyl ethyl ketone.  A
           field-scale system is shown in the photograph on the
           next page.

           WASTE APPLICABILITY:

           The TiO2 photocatalytic air treatmenttechnology can
           effectively treat dry or moist air. The technology has
           been  demonstrated  to purify  contaminant  steam
           directly,  thus  eliminating the  need to  condense.
           Systems  of 100 cubic feet per minute have been
           successfully tested on vapor extraction operations, air
           stripper emissions, steam from desorption processes,
           and VOC emissions from manufacturing facilities.
           Other potential applications include odor removal,
                         Full-Scale Photocatalytic Air Treatment System
Page 162
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                   February 2003
                                                                                 Ongoing Project
stack gas treatment, soil venting, and manufacturing
ultra-pure air for residential, automotive, instrument,
and medical needs.  Systems of up to about 1,000
cubic  feet per minute can be cost- competitive with
thermal destruction systems.

STATUS:

The TiO2 photocatalytic airtreatment technology was
accepted  into SITE Emerging Technology Program
(ETP) in October 1992; the evaluation was completed
in 1993.   Based  on results from  the ETP, this
technology was invited to participate hi the SITE
Demonstration Program.   For further information
about the evaluation under the ETP, refer to the
journal article(EPA/600/A-93/282), which is available
from EPA. A suitable demonstration site is being
sought.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Paul de Percin
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
  Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7797
Fax:513-569-7105
e-mail: depercin.paul@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Bob Henderson
Matrix Photocatalytic Inc.
22 Pegler Street
London, Ontario, Canada N5Z 2B5
519-660-8669
Fax:519-660-8525
                                        The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                          approve or endorse technologies.
                                  Page 163

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Technology Profile
        EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
              PROCESS TECHNOLOGIES INCORPORATED
                      (Photolytic Destruction of Vapor-Phase Halogens)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The proprietary, nonthermal technology developed by
Process Technologies Incorporated (PTI), is a method
of  photochemically  oxidizing  gaseous  organic
compounds within  a reaction  chamber.    PTTs
Photolytic Destruction Technology (PDT) uses low-
pressure ultraviolet (UV) lamps, with UV emissions
primarily at wavelengths in the 185 to 254 nanometer
range, located within the reaction chamber. Photons
emitted from these lamps  break apart the chemical
bonds  making up the volatile  organic compound
(VOC) molecule. The process is capable of destroying
mixtures of chlorinated and nonchlorinated VOCs.

The PDT system is designed and fabricated in 3- to
12-cubic-feet-per-minute (cfin) modules. The size of
the module applied is dependent on the gas flow rate
and VOC concentrations  in the gas stream.   PTI
implements a fluid bed concentrator to allow for the
treatment of high flow gas streams, or those with rates
greater than 1,000  cfin. Significant cost savings can
be realized if  the gas flow can be  reduced, and
concentration increased prior to destruction.
           PTI uses a proprietary reagent that forms a liner within
           the process chamber. The reagent reacts chemically
           with the gaseous degradation products formed during
           the photolytic destruction of halocarbon molecules to
           form solid, stable reaction products.

           Reagent lifetime  depends  on  flow rate, influent
           concentrations, and specific chemical composition of
           destruction targets. PTI has performed tests on spent
           reagent to determine whether the material would be
           classified as  a  hazardous  waste  under  federal
           regulations.  Those tests indicated that the  spent
           reagent is likely nontoxic. The spent reagent is also
           not reactive, corrosive, or flammable, and thus PTI is
           confident that it is not a hazardous waste under federal
           law. PTI accordingly believes that the spent reagent
           material can be disposedof as ordinary solid waste or
           used as a feedstock for cement manufacturing.  The
           PTI process is simple in design and easy to  operate.
           The system is designed to run continuously, 24-hours
           per day.
                           Cleaned Air
                           @ 1,000 cfm
  VOC Off-Gas
  @ 1,000 cfrr
     Concentrated VOC Vapor
         Stream @ 6 cfm
                                                    Desorber
                                                    Column
                                                                   UV Reactor
                                               Cleaned
                                                 Air
                                                                 Treated Air &
                                                                 HCI @ 6 cfm
                                        6 cfm Acid
                                      Gas Scrubber
               Separator
                                            Desorption air
                                              @ 6cfm
                                 Simplified Process Flow Diagram
                                     of Photolytic Destruction
Page 164
The SITE Program assesses but does not
  approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                   February 2003
                                                                                 Ongoing Project
WASTE APPLICABILITY:

The technology was developed to destroy a number of
groups of compounds, including chlorinated solvents,
chlorofluorocarbons    (CFCs),
hydrochlorofluorocarbons  (HCFCs),  and  halons.
Example sources  of process off-gas that contains
chlorinated and  nonchlorinated VOCs, CFCs,  and
HCFCs include steam vapor extraction, tank vents, air
strippers, steam strippers, and building vent systems.

The process is capable of destroying as high as 50,000
parts per million by volume VOC streams. The system
is capable of achieving greater than 90 percent on-line
availability,  inclusive  of scheduled maintenance
activities.

STATUS:

The PTI technology was accepted  into the SITE
Demonstration  Program  in  summer 1994.    The
demonstration began in September 1994 atMcClellan
Air Force Base (AFB) in Sacramento, California.  The
SITE demonstration was postponed shortly thereafter.
Activities under the SITE Program were rescheduled
in 1997. Additional tests incorporating an improved
design for treating soil vapor extraction off-gas were
successfully completed at the AFB in January 1996.

PTI completed a four month demonstration of the
combined fluid bed concentrator and PDT system at
the U.S. Navy'sNorth Island Site 9 in February, 1998.
This demonstration was performed to  evaluate the
effectiveness and cost to remove and destroy VOC
vapor from an existing SVE system. The results of the
demonstration at the Navy's  North Island Site  9
showed the PTI System was capable of achieving
greater than 95 percent destruction and  removal
efficiency of VOCs in the soil vapor at a 250 standard
cfm flow rate. Furthermore, the Navy determined that
the PTI System provided a 45 percent cost savings
over activated carbon or flameless thermal oxidation.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Paul de Percin
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
  Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
513-569-7797
Fax:513-569-7105
e-Mail: depercin.paul @epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Mike Swan
Process Technologies Incorportated
P.O. Box 476
Boise, ID 83701-0476
TECHNOLOGY USER CONTACT:
Kevin Wong
SM-ALC/EMR
5050 Dudley Boulevard
Suite 3
McClellanAFB,CA 95652-1389
916-643-0830 ext 327
Fax:916-643-0827
                                        The SITE Program assesses but does not
                                          approve or endorse technologies.
                                  Page 165

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Technology Profile
          EMERGING TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
        SELENTEC ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
                             (Selentec MAG*SEPSM Technology)
TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

The  MAG*SEPSM process  uses  the principles of
chemical adsorption and magnetism to selectivelybind
and  remove heavy metals  or radionuclides from
aqueous solutions such as groundwater, wastewater,
and drinking water. Contaminants are  adsorbed on
specially formulated particles which have a core made
from magnetic material; these particles are then
separated (along with the adsorbed contaminants)from
the solution using a  magnetic filter or magnetic
collector. The magnetic core has no interaction with
the contaminant.

The  proprietary adsorbing particles are made of a
composite of organic polymers and magnetite.  The
particles can be manufactured in two forms: one with
an ion exchanger and/or chelating functional group
attached  to  the  particle   surface   (amidoxime
functionalized resin), or onewith inorganic adsorbers
bound to the surface of the  particles (clinoptilolite).
These particles have  high surface areas and rapid
adsorption kinetics.
            A typical MAG*SEP  treatment system consists of:

            •   a particle contact zone
            •   a particle handling system, including particle
                injection components, a magnetic separator,
                and particle reclaim components
            •   a  particle  regeneration  system  (where
                applicable)

            The process stream enters a contact zone (usually a
            tank -  other configurations are used for particular
            applications) where MAG*SEPSMparticlesare injected
            and mixed. The contact zone provides the necessary
            solution flow characteristics and contact time with the
            particles  to ensure that the  contamination will  be
            adsorbed onto the active surface sites of the particles.
            The mixture then flows through a magnetic collector,
            where the contaminatedparticles are retained while the
            treated process stream passes  through (see  figure
            below).
            Particle
            Injection
             Tank
   Particle
Regeneration
Particle
Reclaim
 Tank
                       Process
                       ""StreaTfT
                                          Mixing
                                           Zone
                                Magnetic
                                Collector
             Treated
                                Schematic Diagram of the Mag*SEPSM Treatment System
Page 166
  The SITE Program assesses but does not
    approve or endorse technologies.

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                                                                                    February 2003
                                                                                   Ongoing Project
Depending on the application, type of particle, and
contaminant concentration, the particles may be re-
injected into the flow stream, collected and disposed
of,  or  regenerated and reused.  The regeneration
solution is  processed to  recover (concentrate and
remove) the contaminants and may be recycled.

The MAG*SEPSM process is able to selectively remove
(either ex situ or in situ) the following contaminants
from aqueous solutions: titanium, copper, cadmium,
arsenic, cobalt, molybdenum, platinum,  selenium,
chromium, zinc, gold, iodine, manganese, technetium,
mercury, strontium, iron, ruthenium, thallium, cesium,
cobalt, palladium, lead, radium, nickel, silver, bismuth,
thallium, antimony, zirconium, radium, cerium, and all
actinides.  The process operates at flow rates up  to
2,000 gallons per minute (gpm).

WASTE APPLICABILITY:

TheMAG*SEPSMtechnologyreducesheavymetaland
radionuclide contamination in water and wastewater.
The  technology  has  specific  applications   in
environmental remediation and restoration, treatment
of  acid  mine  drainage, resource  recovery,  and
treatment  of  commercial  industrial  wastewater.
MAG* SEPSM particles can be produced to incorporate
any known ion  exchanger or sorbing  material.
Therefore,  MAG*SEPSM  can be  applied  in  any
situation where conventional ion exchange is used.

STATUS:

The MAG*SEPSM technology was accepted into the
SITE  Program in  1996  and  is also one  of  10
technologies participating in the White House's Rapid
Commercializationlnitiative.  In addition, in 1997 the
MAG*SEPSM technology received a Research and
Development (R&D) 100 Award from the R&D trade
publication as  one of the 100 Most Technologically
Significant New Products of 1997.
Selentec  has completed  a demonstration of the
MAG*SEPSM technology at the U.S. Department of
Energy's Savannah  River Site.    Heavy  metal
concentrations  hi  coal  pile  runoff water were
significantly reduced to  below  drinking  water
standards. Another demonstration of the technology
is planned for Savannah River whereby radioactive
cesium will be removed streams. The technology is
also being used to remove mercury from heavy water
drums at Savannah River.

The first commercial  unit of the  MAG*SEPSM
technology  was put into service on November 18,
1998, at a  dairy in Ovruch, Ukraine.   For this
application, the unit is removing radioactive cesium
from contaminated milk produced near the Chernobyl
Nuclear Reactor Plant.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Randy Parker
U.S. EPA
National Risk Management Research
  Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati,  OH 45268
513-569-7271
Fax:513-569-7143
e-mail: parker.randy@epa.gov

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Steve Weldon
Selentec Environmental Technologies, Inc.
8601 Dunwoody Place, Suite 302
Atlanta, GA 30350-2509
770-640-7059
Fax: 770-640-9305
E-Mail: infofajselentec.com
                                          The SUE Program assesses but does not
                                            approve or endorse technologies.
                                                                                        Page 167

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TRADE NAME INDEX
Company/Technology Name  	Volume

2-PHASE™ EXTRACTION Process  	V1
ABB Environmental Services, Inc. (see Harding ESE)	V2
Accutech Remedial Systems, Inc. (see ARS Technologies) 	V1
Acid Extraction Treatment System 	V2
Acoustic Barrier Particulate Separator 	V2
Active Environmental Technologies, Inc	V1
Active Environmental Technologies, Inc.  (formerly EET, Inc.)	V2
Adsorptjon-lntegrated-Reaction Process	V2
Adsorptive Filtration	V2
Advanced Remediation Mixing, lnc.(forrnerly Chemfix Technologies, Inc.)	V1
AEA Technology Environment (see United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority)	V2
AIR-II (Adsorptjon-lntegrated-Reaction) Process	V1
AIR-II (Adsorption-lntegrated-Reaction) Process	V2
Air-Sparged Hydrocyclone	V2
AirSentry Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer	V3
ALCOA Separation Technology, Inc. (see Media & Process Technology)	V2
AlgaSORB®  Biological Sorption 	V2
Alternatjve Cover Assessment Program	V1
Alternating Current Electrocoagulation Technology	V2
Aluminum Company of America (see Media & Process Technology)	V2
Ambersorb® 563 Adsorbent	V1
Ambersorb® 563 Adsorbent	V2
American Combustion, Inc	V1
AMEC Earth and Environmental (formerly Geosafe Corporation)	V1
AMS™ Dual-Tube Liner Soil Sampler	V3
Anaerobic-Aerobic Sequential Bioremediation of PCE	V2
Anaerobic Thermal Processor	V1
Analytical and Remedial Technology, Inc	V3
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry for Mercury in Soil	V3
Argonne National Laboratory	V1
Aquapetox®/SVE System  	V1
Aquatic Research Instruments	V3
Arctic Foundations, Inc	V1
An'zona State University/Zentox Corporation 	V2
ARS Technologies, Inc. (formerly Accutech Remedial Systems, Inc.)	V1
ART International,  Inc. (formerly Enviro-Sciences,  Inc.)	V2
Art's Manufacturing and Supply (AMS™ Dual-Tube Liner Soil Sampler)	V3
Art's Manufacturing and Supply (Sediment Core Sampler)	  V3
ASC/EMR WPAFB (U.S. Air Force)  	V1
Atomic Energy of Canada, Limited (Chemical Treatment and Ultrafiltration)	V2
Atomic Energy of Canada, Limited (Ultrasonic-Aided Leachate Treatment)	V2
Augmented In Situ Subsurface Bioremediation Process	V1
Automated Sampling and Analytical  Platform	V3
AWD Technologies, Inc	V1
Babcock & Wilcox Co. (see BWX Technologies, Inc.)	V1
Base-Catalyzed Decomposition Process  	V1
Batch Steam Distillation and Metal Extraction	;	V2
Battelle Memorial Institute	V2
Bergmann, A Division of Linatex, Inc	V1
Berkeley Environmental Restoration Center	V1
B.E.S.T. Solvent Extraction Technology	V1
Billings and Associates, Inc	V1
BiMelyze® Mercury Immunoassay	V3


Page 168

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TRADE NAME INDEX (Continued)
Company/Technology Name  	Volume

Binax Corporation, Antox Division (see Idetek, Inc.)	V3
Bioaugmentation Process	V1
Bio-Recovery Systems, Inc. (see Resource Management & Recovery)	V2
Bio-Rem, Inc	V1
Biofilm Reactor for Chlorinated Gas Treatment	V2
BioGenesis Enterprises, Inc	V1
BioGenesisSM Soil and Sediment Washing Process	V1
Biological Aqueous Treatment System	V1
Biological/Chemical Treatment	V2
Biological penitrification Process	V1
Biomineralization of Metals	V2
Bionebraska, Inc	V3
Bioscrubber	V2
Bioslurry Reactor	V1
Biotherm Process™	V1
Biotherm, LLC  (formerly Dehydro-Tech Corporation)	V1
BioTrol® (Biological Aqueous Treatment System)	V1
BioTrol® (Soil Washing System)  	V1
BioTrol® (Methanotrophic Bioreactor System)	V2
Bioventing  	V1
Brice Environmental Services Corporation	V1
Bruker Analytical Systems, Inc	V3
BWX Technologies, Inc	V1
BWX Technologies, Inc	V2
Calcium Sulfide and Calcium Polysulfide Technologies	V1
Calgon Carbon Advanced  Oxidation Technologies (formerly Vulcan Peroxidation
       Sytems, Inc.) 	V1
Campbell Centrifugal Jig (CCJ)		V2
Canonie Environmental Services Corporation (see Smith Environmental Technologies
       Corporation)	V1
Carver-Greenfield  Process® for Solvent Extraction of Wet, Oily Wastes (see Biotherm
       Process)	V1
CAV-OX® Process	V1
Cement-Lock Technology	V1
Center for Hazardous Materials Research (Acid Extraction Treatment System) (see
       Concurrent Technologies)	V2
Center for Hazardous Materials Research (Organics Destruction and Metals
       Stabilization) (see Concurrent Technologies)	V2
Center for Hazardous Materials Research (Acid Extraction Treatment System) (see
       Concurrent Technologies)	V2
Center Pivot Spray Irrigation System	V1
CF Systems Corporation	V1
Chelation/Electrodeposition of Toxic Metals from Soils	V2
CHEMetrics, Inc	V3
Chemfix Technologies, Inc. (see Advanced Remediation Mixing, Inc.)	V1
Chernjcal and Biological Treatment	V2
Chemical Treatment	V2
Chemical Treatment and Ultrafiltration 	V2
Chemical Waste Management, Inc. (see OHM Remediation Services Corp.)	V1
Chemical Waste Management, Inc. (see Wheelabrator Clean Air Systems, Inc.)	V1
Chromated Copper Arsehate Soil Leaching Process	V2
Circulating Bed Combustor	V1
Clay-Based Grouting Technology	V1


                                                                          Page 169

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TRADE NAME INDEX (Continued)
Company/Technology Name  	Volume

Clean Berkshires, Inc. (see Maxymillian Technologies, Inc.)	V1
Clements, Inc	V3
Cognis, Inc. (TERRAMET8 Soil Remediation System)	V1
Cognis, Inc. (TERRAMET8 Soil Remediation System)	V2
Cognis, Inc. (Biological/Chemical Treatment)	V2
Cold Top Ex Situ Vitrification of Chromium-Contaminated Soils	V1
Colloid Polishing Filter Method® (CPFM®)	V1
Colorado School of Mines (see Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment)...  V1
Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment	V1
Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment	V2
Commodore Advanced Sciences, Inc	V1
Compact Gas Chromatograph	V3
Concentrated Chloride Extraction and Recovery of Lead	V2
Concurrent Technologies (formerly Center for Hazardous Materials Research) (Organic
       Destruction and Metals Stabilization)	V2
Concurrent Technologies (formerly Center for Hazardous Materials Research) (Acid
       Extraction Treatment System) 	V2
Concurrent Technologies (formerly Center for Hazardous Materials Research) (Smelting Lead-
       Containing Waste)	V2
Constructed Wetlands-Based Treatment 	V1
Constructed Wetlands-Based Treatment 	V2
Contained Recovery of Oil Wastes  (CROW™)	V1
Contained Recovery of Oil Wastes  (CROW™)	V2
Coordinate, Chemical Bonding, and Adsorption Process	V2
Core Barrel Soil Sampler	V3
Cross-Flow Pervaporation System  	V1
Cross-Flow Pervaporation System  	V2
Cryogenic Barrier	V1
CRYOCELL®  	V1
C-THRU Technologies Corporation (see Edax Portable Products Division)	V3
CURE® - Electrocoagulation  Wastewater Treatment System	V1
CURE  International, lnc.(see General Environmental, Inc.)	V1
Current Environmental Solutions	V1
Cyclone Furnace	V1
DARAMEND™ Bioremediation Technology	V1
Davy International Environmental Division (see Kvaerner Energy & Environment) 	V2
Debris  Washing System	V1
Dechlorination and Immobilization	V1
Dehydrp-Tech Corporation (see Biotherm, LLC)	V1
Desorption and Vapor Extraction System (DAVES)	V1
Dexsil Corporation  (Emulsion Turbidimetry)	V3
Dexsil Corporation  (Environmental Test Kits)	V3
DOW Environmental, Inc. (see Radian International LLC)	V1
Duke Engineering and Services, Inc	V1
E.I. Dupont de Nemours and Company, and Oberlin Filter Company	V1
Dynamic Underground Stripping and Hydrous Pyrolysis Oxidation	V1
Dynaphore, Inc	V1
Earthsoft	V1
Earth Tech., Inc.
       V1
Earth Tech/Westinghouse Savannah River Co	V1
Eberline Services, Inc. (formerly Thermo Nutech,lnc/TMA Thermo Analytical, Inc.)	V2
EcoMat, Inc 	V1


Page 170

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TRADE NAME INDEX (Continued)
Company/Technology Name  	Volume

Ecova Corporation	V1
Ecova Europa (see Gruppo Italimpresse) 	V1
E&C Williams, Inc	.-	V1
Edax Portable Products Division (formerly C-Thru Technologies Corporation)	V3
Edenspace, Inc. (formerly Phytotech)	V1
EET, Inc. (see Active Environmental Technologies, Inc.)	V2
EG&G  Environmental, Inc. (see Mactec-SBP Technologies Company, LLC)	V1
Electro- Kinetically Aided Remediation (EKAR)  	V1
Electro-Petroleum, Inc.	V1
Electro-Pure Systems, Inc. (see RECRA Environmental, Inc.)	V2
Electrochemical Peroxidatipn of PCB-Contaminated Sediments and Waters	V2
Electrochemical Remediation Technologies [ECRTs]	V1
Electroheat-Enhanced Nonaqueous-Phase Liquids Removal	V1
Electrokinetic Remediation Process	V1
Electrokinetic Soil Processing	V2
Electrokinetics for Lead Recovery	V2
Electrokinetics, Inc. (Electrokinetic Soil Processing)	V1
Electrokinetics, Inc. (Electrokinetic Soil Processing)	V2
Electrokinetics, Inc. (In Situ Bioremediation by Electrokinetic Injection)	V2
Electrokinetics for Lead Recovery	V1
Electron Beam Research Facility, Florida International University and University of Miami
       (see High Voltage Environmental Applications, Inc.)	V1
ELI Eco Logic Inc	V1
Ei-influx® Soil-Gas Survey System	V3
EmTech Environmental Services (formerly Hazcon, Inc.)	V1
Emulsion Turbidimetry	.V3
Energia, Inc. (Reductive Photo-Dechlorination Treatment)	V2
Energia, Inc. (Reductive Thermal and Photo- Thermal Oxidation Processes for Enhance
       Conversion of Chlorocarbons)	V2
Energy and Environmental Engineering, Inc. (see UV Technologies Inc.)	V2
Energy and Environmental Research Corporation (Hybrid Fluidized Bed System)	V2
Energy and Environmental Research Corporation (Reactor Filter System)	V2
Enhanced In Situ Bioremediation of Chlorinated Compounds in Groundwater	V1
ENSR  Consulting and Engineering (see New York State Department of Environmental
       Conservation)	V1
EnSys Penta Test System	V3
EnSys Environmental Products,  Inc. (see Strategic Diagnostics, Inc.)	V3
Enviro-Sciences, Inc. (see ART International, Inc.) 	V2
Envirobond™ Solution	V1
EnviroGard Corporation (see Strategic Diagnostics, Inc.)	V3
EnviroGard™ PCB Immunoassay Test Kit	V3
EnviroMetal Technologies, Inc. (In Situ and Ex Situ Metal-Enhanced Abiotic  Degradation
       of Dissolved Halogenated Organic Compounds in Groundwater)	V1
EnviroMetal Technologies, Inc. (Reactive Barrier)	V1
Environmental BioTechnologies, Inc	V2
Environmental Systems Corporation	V3
Environmental Technologies Group, Inc	V3
Environmental Test Kits	V3
EPOC  Water, Inc	V1
Equate® Immunoassay	V3
EQulS Software	V1
Excavation Techniques and Foam Suppression Methods	V1
Ex Situ Biovault	V1


                                                                          Page 171

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TRADE NAME INDEX (Continued)
Company/Technology Name  	Volume

Ferro Corporation	V2
Field Analytical Screening Program-PCB Method	V3
Field Analytical Screening Program-PCP Method	V3
Field Portable X-Ray Fluorescence Analyzers	V3
Filter Flow Technology, Inc	V1
Flame Reactor	V1
Fluid Extraction-Biological Degradation Process  	V2
Fluidized-Bed/Cyclonic Agglomerating Combustor	V2
FORAGER® Sponge 	V1
Frequency-Tunable Pulse Combustion System	V1
Fugro Geosciences, Inc. (formerly Loral Corporation)	V3
Funderburk & Associates (see EmTech Environmental Services)	V1
Fungal Degradation Process	V2
Fungal Treatment Technology	V1
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction Process	V1
Gas Technology Institute (Cement-Lock Technology)	V1
Gas Technology Institute (Chemical and Biological Treatment)	V2
Gas Technology Institute (Fluid Extraction-Biological Degradation Process)	V2
Gas Technology Institute (Fluidized-Bed/Cyclonic Agglomerating Combustor)	V2
Gas Technology Institute (Supercritical Extraction/Liquid Phase Oxidation)	V2
General Atomics, Nuclear Remediation Technologies Division	V2
General Atomics (formerly Ogden Environmental)	V1
General Environmental, Inc. (formerly Hydrologies, Inc./Cure International, Inc.)	V1
Geo-Con, Inc	V1
Geo-Microbial Technologies, Inc	V2
Geokinetics International, Inc. (Electroheat-Enhanced Nonaqueous-Phase Liquids
       Removal)  	V1
Geokinetics International, Inc. (Electrokinetics for Lead Recovery)	V1
Geokinetics International, Inc. (Electrokinetic Remediation Process)	V1
GeoMelt Vitrification	V1
Geoprobe Systems (Large Bore Soil Sampler)	V3
Geoprobe Systems (Geoprobe Soil Conductivity Sensor)	V3
Geosafe Corporation (see AMEC Earth and Environmental)	V1
Geotech Development Corporation	V1
GHEA Associates Process  	V2
GIS\KEY™ Environmental Data Management System	V1
GIS\Solutions, Inc	V1
Glass Furnace Technology for Dredged Sediments	V1
W.L. Gore and Associates, Inc	V3
GORE-SORBER® Screening Survey	V3
Grace Bioremediation Technologies	V1
Graseby Ionics, Ltd., and PCP,  Inc	V3
Groundwater Circulation Biological Treatment Process	V1
Gruppo Italimpresse	V1
Hanby Environmental Laboratory Procedures, Inc	V3
Harding ESE, a Mactec Company (formerly ABB Environmental Services, Inc.)	V1
Harding ESE, a Mactec Company (formerly ABB Environmental Services, Inc.)	V2
Hazcon, Inc. (see Emtech Environmental Services)	V1
Hewlett-Packard Company  	V3
High Voltage Environmental Applications, Inc. (formerly Electron Beam Research
       Facility, Florida International University and University of Miami) (High-Energy
       Electron Irradiation)	V1
Page 172

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TRADE NAME INDEX (Continued)
Company/Technology Name   	Volume

High Voltage Environmental Applications, Inc. (formerly Electron Beam Research
       Facility, Florida International University and University of Miami) (High-Energy
       Electron Beam Irradiation)	V2
High-Energy Electron Beam Irradiation	V2
High Energy Electron Irradiation	                ,V1
HNU Systems Inc. (HNU Source Excited Flourescence Analyzer-Portable [SEFA-P] X-
       Ray Fluorescence Analyzer)	V3
HNU Systems Inc. (HNU GC 311D Portable Gas Chromatograph)	 V3
HNU Source Excited Fluorescence Analyser-Portable [SEFA-P] X-Ray Fluorescence
       Analyzer	                  V3
HNU GC 311D Portable Gas Chromatograph	V3
Horiba Instruments, Inc	V3
Horsehead Resource Development Co., Inc	V1
HRUBETZ Environmental Services, Inc	                       V1
HRUBOUT8 Process	'.V1
Hughes Environmental Systems, Inc	V1
Hybrid Fluidized Bed System	V2
Hydraulic Fracturing	V1
Hydrologies, Inc. (see General Environmental, Inc.)	V1
Idetek, Inc. (formerly Binax Corporation, Antox Division)	V3
IIT Research Institute	V1
Immunoassay and Colorimetry	V3
Infrared Analysis (Horiba Instruments, Inc.)	 V3
Infrared Analysis (Wilks Enterprise, Inc)	V3
Infrared Thermal Destruction	V1
In Situ and Ex Situ Metal-Enhanced Abiotic Degradation of Dissolved Halogenated
       Organic Compounds in Groundwater	V1
In Situ and Ex Situ Vacuum Extraction	V1
In Situ Bioremediation by Electrokinetic Injection	V2
In Situ Bioventing Treatment System 	V1
In Situ Electrokinetic Extraction System	V1
In Situ Electroacoustic Soil  Decontamination	V2
In Situ Enhanced Bioremediation of Groundwater	V1
In Sjtu and Ex Situ Vacuum Extraction	V1
In Situ Mitigation of Acid Water	V2
In Situ Reactive Barrier	V1
In Situ Soil Treatment (Steam and Air Stripping)	V1
In Situ Solidification and Stabilization Process	V1
In Situ Steam Enhanced Extraction Process	V1
In-Situ Thermal Destruction	V1
In Situ Thermally Enhanced Extraction (TEE) Process	V1
In Situ Vitrification 	V1
Institute of Gas Technology (see  Gas Technology Institute)	V1
Institute of Gas Technology (see  Gas Technology Institute)	V2
Integrated AquaDetox Steam Vacuum Stripping and Soil Vapor Extraction/Reinjection	V1
Integrated Water Resources, Inc	V1
International Waste Technologies	V1
Ion Mobility Spectrometry  	V3
Ionics RCC	V1
IT Corporation (Batch  Steam Distillation and Metal Extraction)	V2
IT Corporation (Chelation/Electrodeposition of Toxic Metals from Soils)	V2
IT Corporation (Mixed Waste Treatment Process)	V2
IT Corporation (Photolytic and Biological Soil Detoxification)	V2


                                                                           Page 173

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TRADE NAME INDEX (Continued)
Company/Technology Name  	Volume

IT Corporation (KMnO4 [Potassium Permanganate] Oxidation of TCE)	V1
IT Corporation (formerly OHM Remediation Services Corporation) (Oxygen Microbubble
       In Situ Bioremediation)	V2
IT Corporation (Tekno Associates Bioslurry Reactor)	V2
IT Corporation (formerly OHM Remediation Services Corp., formerly Chemical Waste
       Management, Inc.) (X*TRAX™ Thermal Desorption)	V1
ITT Night Vision (see Earth Tech, Inc.)	V1
JMC Environmentalist's Subsoil Probe	V3
KAI Technologies, Inc	V1
KSE, Inc	V1
KSE, Inc	V2
Kvaemer Energy & Environment (formerly Davy International Environmental Division)	V2
Large Bore Soil Sampler	V3
Larsen Engineers (see New York State Department of Environmental Conservation)	V1
Lasagna™ In Situ Soil Remediation	V1
Lasagna™ In Situ Soil Remediation	V2
Lewis Environmental Services, Inc./Hickson Corporation	V2
Liquid and Soils Biological Treatment	VI
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction  (LG-SX) Technology	V1
Lockheed Martin Missiles and Space Co. and Geokinetics International, Inc	V1
Loral Corporation (see Fugro Gepsciences Inc.)	V3
Low Temperature Thermal Aeration (LTTA®)	V1
Low Temperature Thermal Treatment System (LT3®)	V1
Low-Energy  Extraction Process (LEEP®) 	V2
MAECTITE®Chemical Treatment Process	V1
Mactec-SBP Technologies Company, L.L.C. (formerly EG&G Environmental, Inc.)	V1
Mae Corp, Inc. (see Sevenson Environmental Services, Inc.)	V1
Magnum Water Technology	V1
MatCon™ Modified Asphalt Cap	V1
Matrix Photocatalytic Inc.  (Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase Organic Destruction)	V1
Matrix Photocatalytic Inc.  (Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase Organic Destruction)	V2
Matrix Photocatalytic Inc.  (Photocatalytic Air Treatment)	V1
Matrix Photocatalytic Inc.  (Photocatalytic Air Treatment)	V2
Maxymillian Technologies, Inc. (formerly Clean Berkshires, Inc.)	V1
Media & Process Technology (formerly Aluminum Company of America and Alcoa
       Separation Technology, Inc.)	V2
Membrane Filtration and Bioremediation	V1
Membrane Microfiltration	V1
Membrane Technology and Research, Inc	V2
Metal Analysis Probe (MAP®) Portable Assayer (Edax Portable Products Division)	V3
Metal Analysis Probe (MAP®) Spectrum Assayer	V3
Metals Immobilization and Decontamination of Aggregate Solids (MelDAS)	V2
Metals Release and Removal from Wastes	V2
Methanotrophic Bioreactor System	V2
Metorex, Inc	V3
Metso Minerals Industries, Inc. (formerly Svedala Industries, Inc.)	V2
Micro-Bac International, Inc	V1
Microbial Composting Process 	V2
Microbial Degradation of PCBs	V1
Microsensor Systems, Incorporated	V3
Mrllipore Corporation	V3
Minergy Corp	V1
Mixed Waste Treatment Process	V2


Page 174

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 TRADE NAME INDEX (Continued)
 Company/Technology Name  	Volume

 Mobile Environmental Monitor	     V3
 Mobile Volume Reduction Unit 	'.'.'.'.'.'."'	V1
 Molecular Bonding System® 	''.	vi
 Monsanto/DuPont (see Pharmacia Corporation) 	.............  V1
 Monsanto/DuPont (see Pharmacia Corporation) 	V2
 Montana College of Mineral Science and Technology (Air-Sparged Hydrocyclone) .  	V2
 Montana College of Mineral Science and Technology (Campbell Centrifugal Jig)	V2
 Morrison Knudsen Corporation/Spetstamponazhgeologia Enterprises	V1
 MoTech, Inc. (see Remediation Technologies, Inc.)	                             V1
 MSI-3CUA Vapor Monitor	'.'.'.V.V3
 MTI Analytical Instrument, Inc. (see Hewlett-Packard Company)	 	.'.'.	V3
 Multiple Innovative Passive Mine Drainage Technologies	       V1
 National Risk Management Research Laboratory (Base-Catalyzed Decomposition
       Process)	     V1
 National Risk Management Research Laboratory (Volume Reduction Unit)	V1
 National Risk Management Research Laboratory (Bioventing)	   V1
 National Risk Management Research Laboratory and Intech 180 Corporation	      V1
 National Risk Management Research Laboratory and IT Corporation	          V1
 National Risk Management Research Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, and FRX, Inc...   V1
 New Jersey Institute of Technology	         V2
 New Jersey Institute of Technology hazardous Substances Managment Research	
       Center (formerly Hazardous Substance Management Research Center at  New
       Jersey Institute of Technology and Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey).    V2
 New York State Department of Environmental Conservation/ENSR Consulting and
       Engineering and Larsen Engineers	  V1
 New York State Department of Environmental Conservation/SBP Technologies, Inc.	V1
 New York State Department of Environmental Conservation/R.E. Wright Environmental
       Inc	           V1
 New York State Department of Environmental Conservation/Science Applications
       International Corporation	         V1
 Niton Corporation	...........  V3
 North American Technologies Group, Inc	V1
 Novaterra Associates (formerly Toxic Treatment, Inc.) 	        	V1
 NoVOCs™ In-Well Stripping Technology	  V1
 Ogden Environmental (see General Atomics)	V1
 OHM Remediation Services Corporation (see IT Corporation)	....... V1
 OHM Remediation Services Corporation (see IT Corporation)	           V2
 Ohmicrpn Corporation (see Strategic Diagnostics, Inc.)	   	V3
 Oleophilic Amine-Coated Ceramic Chip	                     V1
 Organic Stabilization and Chemical Fixation/Solidification	           	V1
 Organics Destruction and Metals Stabilization	                   V2
 Oxygen Microbubble In Situ Bioremediation	                 V2
 Oxidation and Vitrification Process	        V2
 PCS- and Organochlorine-Contaminated Soil Detoxification ......... .... . ...  ..'.".".	V2
 PE Photovac International, Inc. (formerly Photovac International, Inc.).                   V3
 PE Photovac Voyager Portable Gas Chromatograph	                 V3
 PENTA RISc Test System (see Ensys Penta Test System)	V3
Precipitation, Microfiltration, and Sludge Dewatering	    -            V1
perox-pure™ Chemical Oxidation Technology	'.	V1
Pharmacia Corporation (formerly Monsanto/DuPont)  	V1
Pharmacia Corporation (formerly Monsanto/DuPont)	           V2
Photocatalytic Air Treatment	V.V.V2
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase Organic Destruction	 V1


                                                                         Page 175

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TRADE NAME INDEX (Continued)
Company/Technology Name  	Volume

Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase Organic Destruction	V2
Photocatalytic Oxidation with Air Stripping	V2
Photoelectrocatalytic Degradation and Removal 	V2
Photolytic and Biological Soil Detoxification	V2
Photolytic Destruction of Vapor-Phase Halogens	V1
Photolytic Oxidation Process	• V2
Photothermal Detoxification Unit	V2
Photovac Internationa], Inc. (see PE Photovac International, Inc.)	V3
Photovac Monitoring Instruments (see PE Photovac International, Inc)	V3
Phytokinetics, Inc. (Phytoremediation Process)	VI
Phytokinetics, Inc. (Phytoremediation of Contaminated Soils)	:	V2
Phytoremediation of Contaminated Soils 	V2
Phytoremediation of TCE-Contaminated Shallow Groundwater	V1
Phytoremediation of TCE in Groundwater	VI
Phytoremediation (Argonne National Laboratory)  	V1
Phytoremediation Process  	VI
Phytoremediation Technology	VI
Phytotech (see Edenspace, Inc.)	VI
Pintail Systems, Inc. (Spent Ore Bioremediation Process)	V1
Pintail Systems, Inc. (Biomineralization of Metals)	V2
Plasma Arc Vitrification  	VI
Pneumatic Fracturing and Bioremediation Process	V2
Pneumatic Fracturing Extraction5" and Catalytic Oxidation	V1
PO*WW*ER™ Technology	V1
Portable  Gas Analyzer/HP Micro GC  	V3
KMnO4 (Potassium Permanganate) Oxidation of TCE .	VI
Praxis Environmental Technologies, Inc	VI
Precipitation, Microfiltration, and Sludge Dewatering	VI
Process Technologies Incorporated	VI
PSI Technologies, A Division of Physical Sciences Inc	V2
Pulse Sciences, Inc. (X-Ray Treatment of Aqueous Solutions)	V2
Pulse Sciences, Inc. (X-Ray Treatment of Organically Contaminated Soils)	V2
Purus, Inc. (see Thermatrix, Inc.) 	V2
PYRETRON® Thermal Destruction	VI
Pyrokiln Thermal Encapsulation Process	V2
Quadrel Services, Inc	V3
Radian International LLC	V1
Radio Frequency Heating (from ITT Research Institute/Brown and Root Environmental)	V1
Radio Frequency Heating (from KAI Technologies, Inc./Brown and Root Environmental)   .. V1
Radiometer American 	V3
Rapid Optical Screening Tool 	V3
RaPID Assay®  	V3
Reactive Barrier	VI
Reactor Filter System	V2
RECRA Environmental, Inc. (formerly Electro-Pure Systems, Inc.)	V2
Recycling Sciences International, Inc	VI
Reductive Photo-Dechlorination Treatment 	V2
Reductive Thermal and Photo-Thermal Oxidation Processes for Enhanced Conversion
       of Chlorocarbons	V2
Regenesis  	VI
Region 8 and State of Colorado 	VI
RemediAid™ (see Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon Field Soil Test Kit)	V3
Remediation Technologies, Inc. (Biofilm Reactor for Chlorinated Gas Treatment)	V2


Page 176

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 TRADE NAME INDEX (Continued)
 Company/Technology Name  	Volume

 Remediation Technologies, Inc. (formerly Motech, Inc.) (Liquid and Solids Biological
       Treatment)	V1
 Resources Conservation Company	V1
 Resource Management & Recovery (formerly Bio-Recovery Systems, Inc.)	V2
 Retech M4 Environmental Management Inc	V1
 Reverse Osmosis: Disc Tube™ Module Technology	                V1
 RKK, LTD	V.V.V1
 Rochem Disc Tube™ Module System	V1
 Rochem Separation Systems, Inc	V1
 Rocky Mountain Remediation Services, LLC	          V1
 The SABRE™ Process	V1
 Sandia National Laboratories  	V1
 SBP Technologies, Inc. (Groundwater Circulation Biological Treatment Process)	V1
 SBP Technologies, Inc. (Membrane Filtration and Bioremediation)	 V1
 SCAPS Cone Penetrometer 	V3
 Science Applications International Corporation (In Situ Bioventing Treatment System)	V1
 Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas Chromatograph	V3
 SCITEC Corporation	V3
 Sediment  Core Sampler (Art's Manufacturing and Supply)	V3
 Sediment Core Sampler (Aquatic Research Instruments)	V3
 SEFA-P (Source Excited Fluorescence Analyzer-Portable)	V3
 Segmented (Bate System	V2
 Selentec Environmental Technologies, Inc	               V1
 Selentec MAG*SEPSM Technology  	V1
 Sentex Sensing Technology, Inc	V3
 Seyenson Environmental Services, Inc. (formerly Mae Corp, Inc.)	V1
 Shirco Infrared Systems, Inc. (see Gruppo Italimpresse)	V1
 Silicate Technology Corporation (See STC Remediation, Inc.)	V1
 J.R. Simplot Company (see U. Of Idaho Research Foundation)	V1
 Simulprobe® Technologies, Inc	V3
 Site Characterization and Analysis Penetrometer System (SCAPS)	V3
 Site-Lab Corporation	V3
 SIVE Services 	                    V1
 Six-Phase Heating™ of TCE	V1
 Smelting Lead-Containing Waste  	V2
 Smith Environmental Technologies Corporation (formerly Canonie Environmental
       Services Corporation)  	V1
 Soil and Sediment Washing	V1
 Soil Recycling	V1
 Soil Rescue Remediation Fluid	 V1
 Soil Separation and Washing Process	V2
 Soiltech ATP Systems, Inc  	V1
 Soil Washjng Process	V1
 Soil Washing System	V1
 Solidification and Stabilization (from Advanced  Remediation Mixing, Inc.)	V1
 Solidification and Stabilization (from Soliditech, Inc.)	V1
 Solidification and Stabilization (from Wastech, Inc.)	V1
 Soliditech, Inc	V1
 Solvated Electron Technology, SET™ Remediation System	V1
Solvent Extraction Treatment System	                      V1
SOLUCORP Industries  	V1
Sonotech,  Inc	V1
Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center	V3


                                                                         Page 177

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TRADE NAME INDEX (Continued)
Company/Technology Name  	Volume

Spent Ore Bioremediation Process	V1
SRI Instruments	V3
Star Organics, LLC  	V1
State University of New York at Oswego, Environmental Research Center	V2
Steam Enhanced Remediation (SER) (at Loring AFB)	V1
Steam Enhanced Remediation (SER) (at Ridgefield, WA)	V1
Steam Enhanced Recovery Process	V1
Steam Injection and Vacuum Extraction	V1
SteamTech Environmental Services(Steam Enhanced Remediation (SER) at Loring
      AFB)	V1
SteamTech Environmental Services(Steam Enhanced Remediation (SER) at Ridgefield,
      WA)  	V1
STC Remediation, Inc. (formerly Silicate Technology Corporation)	V1
Steam Enhanced Recovery Process	V1
Strategic Diagnostics, Inc. (Formerly EnSys Environmental Products, Inc.) (EnSys Penta
      Test System) 	V3
Strategic Diagnostics, Inc. (EnviroGard™ PCS Immunoassay Test Kit)	V3
Strategic Diagnostics, Inc. (Immunoassay and Colorimetry)	V3
Strategic Diagnostics, Inc. (formerly Ohmicron Corporation) (RaPID Assay®)	V3
Subsurface Volatilization and Ventilation System (SWS®) 	V1
Supercritical Extraction/Liquid Phase Oxidation	V2
Surfactant Enhanced Aquifer Remediation of Nonaqueous Phase Liquids	V1
Svedala Industries, Inc. (see Metso Minerals Industries Inc.)	V2
TechXtract® Decontamination Process	V1
Tekno Associates Bioslurry Reactor	V2
Terra-Kleen Response Group, Inc	V1
TERRAMET8 Soil Remediation System 	V1
TerraTherm, Inc	V1
Terra  Vac	V1
Test Kits for Organic Contaminants in Soil and Water	V3
Texaco Gasification Process	V1
Texaco Inc	V
Thermal Desorption System 	V1
Thermal Desorption Unit	V1
Thermal Desorption & Vapor Extraction System	V1
Thermal Gas Phase Reduction Process and Thermal Desorption Unit	V1
Thermatrix, Inc. (formerly Purus, Inc.)	V2
THERM-0-DETOX® System	V1
Thermo Noran 	V3
Thermo Nutech, Inc. (see Eberline Services, Inc.)	V2
Time Release Electron Acceptors and Donors for Accelerated Natural Attenuation	V1
TMA Thermo Analytical, Inc. (see Eberline Services.)	V2
TN 9000 and TN  Pb X-Ray Fluorescence Analyzers	V3
TN Spectrace (see Thermo Noran)	V3
Toronto Harbour  Commission	V1
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon Field Soil Test Kit 	V3
Toxic Treatment,  Inc. (see Novaterra Associates)	V1
Tri-Services 	V3
Trinity Environmental Technologies, Inc	V2
Two-Zone, Plume Interception, In Situ Treatment Strategy	V2
Ultrasonic-Aided  Leachate Treatment	V2
Ultraviolet Fluorescence Spectrometer	V3
Ultraviolet Radiation and Oxidation	V1


Page 178

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TRADE NAME INDEX (Continued)
Company/Technology Name  	Volume

Ultrox, A Division of Zimpro Environmental, Inc. (see U.S. Filter/WTS Ultrox)	V1
United States Environmental Protection Agency (Excavation Techniques and Foam
       Suppression Methods)	V1
United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority (formerly AEA Technology Environment)  	V2
United States Environmental Protection Agency (Field Analytical Screening Program-
       PCB Method)	  	V3
United States Environmental Protection Agency (Field Analytical Screening Program-
       PCP Method)	  	V3
University of Houston	V2
University Of Idaho Research Foundation (formerly licensed to J.R. Simplot Company)	V1
University of Dayton Research Institute	V2
University of Miami (see High Voltage Environmental Applications, Inc.)	V1
University of Nebraska-Lincoln	V1
University of South Carolina 	V2
University of Washington	V2
University of Wisconsin-Madison	V2
U.S. Air Force	V1
U.S. EPA (Field Analytical Screening Program - PCB Method)	V3
U.S. EPA NRMRL (Alternative Cover Assessment Program)	V1
U.S. EPA NRMRL (Base-Catalyzed Decomposition Process)	   V1
U.S. EPA NRMRL (Bioventing)	                     V1
U.S. EPA NRMRL (Mobile Volume Reduction Unit)	           V1
U.S. EPA NRMRL and IT Corporation	              V1
U.S. EPA NRMRL and fntech 180 Corporation	      V1
U.S. EPA NRMRL, U. of Cincinnati, and FRX, Inc	V1
U.S. EPA Region 8 and State of Colorado	               V1
U.S. EPA Region 9 	V1
U.S. Filter (formerly Ultrox International, Inc.)	V1
U.S. Filter/Zimpro Inc. (see U.S. Filter)	.VI
UV Technologies, Inc. (formerly Energy and Environmental Engineering, Inc.)	V2
UVB - Vacuum Vaporizing Well	                         V1
UV CATOXJ Process	V2
Vacuum-Vaporized Well System	V1
VaporSep®  Membrane Process	V2
Vitrification  Process	V1
Volume Reduction Unit 	V1
Vortec Corporation	V1
Vulcan Peroxidation Systems, Inc. (see Calgon Carbon Advanced Oxidation
       Technologies)	V1
W.L. Gore and Associates, Inc	V3
Waste Vitrification Through Electric Melting	V2
Wastech, Inc	V1
Weiss Associates	                       V1
WES-PHix® Stabilization Process	V1
Western Product Recovery Group,  Inc	V2
Western Research Institute	V1
Western Research Institute	V2
Roy F. Weston, Inc. (Low Temperature Thermal Treatment System)	V1
Roy F. Weston, Inc. (Ambersorb®563 Adsorbent)	V1
Roy F. Weston, Inc. (Ambersorb® 563 Adsorbent)	V2
Roy F. Weston, Inc./IEG Technologies	V1
Wetlands-Based Treatment	V2
Wilder Construction Company	V1


                                                                         Page  179

-------
TRADE NAME INDEX (Continued)
Company/Technology Name  	Volume

Weiss Associates	V1
Wilks Enterprise, Inc	V3
Wheelabrator Clean Air Systems, Inc. (formerly Chemical Waste Management, Inc.)	V1
Wheelabrator Technologies, Inc	V1
X-19 Biological Products	V1
Xerox Corporation	V1
X-Ray Treatment of Aqueous Solutions	V2
X-Ray Treatment of Organically Contaminated Soils	V2
X*TRAX® Thermal Desorption	V1
XL Spectrum Analyzer	V3
Xontech Incorporated	V3
XonTech Sector Sampler	V3
ZenoGem™ Process	V1
Zenon Environmental Inc. (ZenoGem™ Process) 	V1
Zenon Environmental Inc. (Cross-flow Pervaporation System)	V1
Zenon Environmental Inc. (Cross-flow Pervaporation System)	V2
Page 180

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX
Media
Air
Air (Cont.)
Contaminants
Aromatic VOCs
Aromatic VOCs
(Cont.)

Treatment Type
Biological
Degradation
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Spectrometers
Thermal
Destruction
Technology
Vendor
Media & Process
Technology
Remediation
Technologies, Inc.
U.S. EPA
ARS Technologies
Inc.
ENERGIA, Inc.
KSE, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc
Membrane
Technology and
Research, hie.
Xerox Corporation
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
HNU Systems, Inc.
Microsensor Systems,
Inc.
Hewlett-Packard
Company
Photovac Monitoring
Instruments
Sentex Systems Inc.
SRJ Instruments
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.
and PCP Inc.
XonTech, Inc.
Sonotech, Inc.
Technology
Bioscrubber
Biofilm Reactor for Chlorinated
Gas Treatment
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Pneumatic Fracturing Extraction
and Catalytic Oxidation
Reductive Thermal and Photo-
Thermal Oxidation for Enhanced
Conversion of Chlorocarbons
Adsorption-Integrated-Reaction
Process
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
Photocatalytic Air Treatment
VaporSep® Membrane Process
2-PHASE™ EXTRACTION Process
Mobile Environmental Monitor
HNU GC 3 1 ID Portable Gas
Chromatograph
MSI-301A Vapor Monitor
Portable Gas Analyzer
PE Photovac Voyager Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
XonTech Sector Sampler
Frequency-Tunable Pulse
Combustion System
Volume
2
2
1
1
2
2
1/2
1/2
2
1
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
1
                                      Page 181

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Air (Cont.)
Contaminants

Dioxins
Furans
Furans (Cont.)
Halogenated
VOCs
Treatment Type

Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Spectrometers
Thermal
Destruction
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Spectrometers
Thermal
Destruction
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Technology
Vendor
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
U.S. EPA
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
U.S. EPA
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Remediation
Technologies, Inc.
U.S. EPA
Process/Technologies,
Inc.
Technology
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
Photocatalytic Air Treatment
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Reactor Filter System
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
Photocatalytic Air Treatment
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Reactor Filter System
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Biofilm Reactor for Chlorinated
Gas Treatment
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Photolytic Destruction of Vapor-
Phase Halogens
Volume
2
1
1/2
1/2
3
3
2
2
1
1/2
1/2
3
3
2
2
2
1
1
Page 182

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Air (Cont.)
Contaminants

Halogenated
VOCs (Cont.)
Herbicides
Treatment Type
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Spectrometers
Thermal
Destruction
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Technology
Vendor
ARS Technologies
Inc.
Arizona State U./
Zentox Corp.
ENERGIA, Inc.
ENERGIA, Inc.
KSE, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Membrane
Technology and
Research, Inc.
Thermatrix Inc.
Roy F. Weston, Inc. .
Xerox Corp.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Photovac Monitoring
Instruments
Sentex Systems Inc.
SRI Instruments
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
XonTech, Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
U.S. EPA
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Technology
Pneumatic Fracturing Extraction™
and Catalytic Oxidation
Photocatalytic Oxidation with Air
Stripping
Reductive Photo-Dechlorination
Treatment
Reductive Thermal and Photo-
Thermal Oxidation Processes for
Enhanced Conversion of
Chlorocarbons
Adsorption-Integrated-Reaction
Process
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
Photocatalytic Air Treatment
VaporSep® membrane Process
Photolytic Oxidation Process
Ambersorb® 563 Adsorbent
2-PHASE™ EXTRACTION Process
Mobile Environmental Monitor
PE Photovac Voyager Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
XonTech Sector Sampler
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Volume
1
2
2
2
2
1/2
1/2
2
2
2
1
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
1
1/2
3
                                            Page 183

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Air (Cont)
Contaminants

Metals
Metals (Cont.)
PAHs
PCBs
Treatment Type
Spectrometers
Thermal
Destruction
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Thermal
Destruction
Thermal
Destruction (Cont.)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Technology
Vendor
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
U.S. EPA
General Atomics,
Nuclear Remediation
Technologies Division
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
HNU Systems, Inc.
Microsensor Systems,
Inc.
Hewlett-Packard
Company
American
Combustion, Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
HNU Systems, Inc.
Microsensor Systems,
Inc.
Hewlett-Packard
Company
Sentex Systems Inc.
SRI Instruments
Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Acoustic Barrier Particulate
Separator
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
HNU GC 3 1 ID Portable Gas
Chromatograph
MSI-301 A Vapor Monitor
Portable Gas Analyzer
PYRETRON® Thermal Destruction
Reactor Filter Systems
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
Mobile Environmental Monitor
HNU GC 3 1 ID Portable Gas
Chromatograph
MSI-301 A Vapor Monitor
Portable Gas Analyzer
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Volume
3
2
1
2
1/2
3
3
3
1
2
3
3
I
1/2
3
3
3
3
3
3
Page 184

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Air (Cont.)
Contaminants

Pesticides
Pesticides
(Cont.)
Petroleum
Hydrocarbons
SVOCs
Treatment Type
Spectrometers
Thermal
Destruction
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Spectrometers
Thermal
Destruction
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Spectrometers
Thermal
Destruction
Technology
Vendor
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
U.S. EPA
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Sentex Systems Inc.
SRI Instruments
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Process Technologies,
Inc.
ARS Technologies
Inc.
ENERGIA, Inc.
Xerox Corp.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
XonTech, Inc.
Sonotech, Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Compact Gas Chromatographs
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Photolytic Destruction of Vapor-
Phase Halogens
Pneumatic Fracturing Extraction™
and Catalytic Oxidation
Reductive Thermal and Photo-
Thermal Oxidation Processes for
Enhanced Conversion of
Chlorocarbons
2-PHASE™ EXTRACTION Process
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
XonTech Sector Sampler
Frequency-Turnable Pulse
Combustion System
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Volume
3
2
1
1/2
3
3
3
3
2
3
1
1
1
2
1
3
3
3
1
2
                                           Page 185

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Air (Cont.)
Contaminants
VOCs
VOCs (Cont.)
Treatment Type
Biological
Degradation
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont.)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Technology
Vendor
Media & Process
Technologies Inc.
U.S. EPA
Process Technologies,
Inc.
ARS Technologies,
Inc.
Arizona State U./
Zentox Corp.
ENERGIA, Inc.
ENERGIA, Inc.
KSE, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Membrane
Technology and
Research, Inc.
Thermatrix, Inc.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
Xerox Corp.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
HNU Systems, Inc.
Microsensor Systems,
Inc.
Hewlett-Packard
Company
Photovac Monitoring
Instruments
Sentex Systems, Inc.
Technology
Bioscrubber
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Photo lytic Destruction of Vapor-
Phase Halogens
Pneumatic Fracturing Extraction™
and Catalytic Oxidation
Photocatalytic Oxidation with Air
Stripping
Reductive Photo-Dechlorination
Treatment
Reductive Thermal and Photo-
Thermal Oxidation Processes for
Enhanced Conversion of
Chlorocarbon
Adsorption-Integrated-Reaction
Process
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
Photocatalytic Air Treatment
VaporSep® Membrane Process
Photolytic Oxidation Process
Ambersorb® 563 Adsorbent
2-PHASE™ EXTRACTION Process
Mobile Environmental Monitor
HNU GC 3 1 ID Portable Gas
Chromatograph
MSI-301A Vapor Monitor
Portable Gas Analyzer
PE Photovac Voyager Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Volume
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1/2
1/2
2
2
2
1
3
3
3
3
3
3
Page 186

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Air (Cont.)
Gas
Gas
(Cont.)
Contaminants

VOCs
Aromatic VOCs
Aromatic VOCs
(Cont.)
Treatment Type

Spectrometers
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
(Cont.)
Technology
Vendor
SRI Instruments
Environmental
Technologies Group,
Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
XonTech, Inc.
Sonotech, Inc.
Media & Process
Technology
Remediation
Technologies, Inc.
U.S. EPA
ARS Technologies,
Inc.
ENERGIA, Inc.
KSE, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Membrane
Technology and
Research, inc.
Xerox Corp.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
HNU Systems, Inc.
Microsensor Systems,
Inc.
Hewlett-Packard
Company
Photovac Monitoring
Instruments
Technology
Compact Gas Chromatograph
AirSentry Fourier Transform
Infrared Spectrometer
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
XonTech Sector Sampler
Frequency-Turnable Pulse
Combustion System
Bioscrubber
Biofllm Reactor for Chlorinated
Gas Treatment
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Pneumatic Fracturing Extraction™
and Catalytic Oxidation
Reductive Thermal and Photo-
Thermal Oxidation Processes for
Enhanced Conversion of
Chlorocarbons
Adsorption-Integrated-Reaction
process
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
Photocatalytic Air Treatment
VaporSep® Membrane Process
2-PHASE™ EXTRACTION Process
Mobile Environmental Monitor
HMJ GC 3 1 1 D Portable Gas
Chromatograph
MSI-301A Vapor Monitor
Portable Gas Analyzer
PE Photovac Voyager Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Volume
3
3
3
3
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1/2
1/2
2
1
3
3
3
3
3
                                            Page 187

-------
                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Gas
(Cont.)
Contaminants

Dioxins
Furans
Furans (Cont.)
Treatment Type

Spectrometers
Thermal
Destruction
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Spectrometers
Thermal
Destruction
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Spectrometers
Thermal
Destruction
Technology
Vendor
Sentex Sensing
Technology, Inc.
SRI Instruments
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.
XonTech, inc.
Sonotech, Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
U.S. EPA
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
U.S. EPA
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Technology
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
XonTech Sector Sampler
Frequency-Turnable Pulse
Combustion System
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
Photocatalytic Air Treatment
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Reactor Filter System
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
Photocatalytic Ah- Treatment
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Reactor Filter System
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Volume
3
3
3
3
1
2
1
1/2
1/2
3
3
2
2
1
1/2
1/2
3
3
2
2
Page 188

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Gas
(Cont.)
Contaminants
Halogenated
VOCs
Halogenated
VOCs (Cont.)
Treatment Type
Biological
Degradation
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont.)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Spectrometers
Technology
Vendor
Remediation
Technologies, Inc.
U.S. EPA
Process Technologies,
Inc.
ARS Technologies,
Inc.
Arizona State U./
Zentox Corp.
ENERGIA, Inc.
ENERGIA, Inc.
KSE, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Membrane
Technology and
Research, Inc.
Thermatrix, Inc.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
Xerox Corp.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Photovac Monitoring
Instruments
Sentex Systems, Inc.
SRI Instruments
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
XonTech, Inc.
Technology
Biofilm Reactor for Chlorinated
Gas Treatment
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Photolytic Destruction of Vapor-
Phase Halogens
Pneumatic Fracturing Extraction™
and Catalytic Oxidation
Photocatalytic Oxidation with Air
Stripping
Reductive Photo-Dechlorination
Treatment
Reductive Thermal and Photo-
Thermal Oxidation process for
Enhanced Conversion of
Chlorocarbons
Adsorption-Integrated-Reaction
Process
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
Photocatalytic Air Treatment
VaporSep® Membrane Process
Photolytic Oxidation Process
Ambersorb® 563 Adsorbent
2-PHASE™ EXTRACTION
Process
Mobile Environmental Monitor
PE Photovac Voyager Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
XonTech Sector Sampler
Volume
2
1
I
1
2
2
2
2
1/2
1/2
2
2
2
1
3
3
3
3
3
3
                                            Page 189

-------
                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Gas
(Cont.)
Contaminants

Heavy Metals
Herbicides
Metals
Metals (Cont.)
PAHs
PCBs
Treatment Type
Thermal
Destruction
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Spectrometers
Thermal
Destruction
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Treatment

Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Thermal
Destruction

Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Technology
Vendor
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
U.S. EPA
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
U.S. EPA
General Atomics,
Nuclear Remediation
Technologies Div.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
HNU Systems, Inc.
Microsensor Systems,
Inc.
Hewlett-Packard
Company
American
Combustion, Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Matrix Photocatalytic,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Technology
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Acoustic Barrier Particulate
Separator
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
HNU GC 3 1 ID Portable Gas
Chromatograph
MSI-301 A Vapor Monitor
Portable Gas Analyzer
PYRETRON® Thermal Destruction
Reactor Filter System
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Volume
2
3
1
1/2
3
3
2
1
2
1/2
3
3
3
1
2
3
3
1
1/2
3
Page 190

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Gas
(Cent.)
Contaminants

Pesticides
Pesticides
(Cont.)
Petroleum
Hydrocarbons
SVOCs
Treatment Type

Spectrometers
Thermal
Destruction
Material Handling
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Spectrometers
Thermal
Destruction
Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Material Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment

Technology
Vendor
HNU Systems, Inc.
Microsensor Systems,
Inc.
Hewlett-Packard
Company
Sentex Systems, Inc.
SRI Instruments
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
U.S. EPA
Matrix Photocatalytic,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Sentex Systems, Inc.
. SRI Instruments
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Process Technologies,
Inc.
ARS Technologies,
Inc.
ENERGIA, Inc.
Xerox Corp.
Technology
HNU GC 311D Portable Gas
Chromatograph
MSI-301A Vapor Monitor
Portable Gas Analyzer
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Photolytic Destruction of Vapor-
Phase Halogens
Pneumatic Fracturing Extraction™
and Catalytic Oxidation
Reductive Thermal and Photo-
Thermal Oxidation Processes for
Enhanced Conversion of
Chlorocarbons
2-PHASE™ EXTRACTION
Process
Volume
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
1
1/2
3
3
3
3
2
3
1
1
2
2
1
                                             Page 191

-------
                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Gas
(Cont.)
Contaminants

VOCs
Treatment Type
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Spectrometers
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment

Technology
Vendor
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
XonTech, Inc.
Sonotech, Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Media & Process
Technology
U.S. EPA
Process Technologies,
Inc.
ARS Technologies,
inc.
Arizona State U/
Zentox Corp.
AWD Technologies,
Inc.
ENERGIA, Inc.
ENERGIA, Inc.
KSE, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Membrane
Technology and
Research, Inc.
Thermatrix, Inc.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
Xerox Corp.
Technology
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
XonTech Sector Sampler
Frequency-Turaable Pulse
Combustion System
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Bioscrubber
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Photolytic Destruction of Vapor-
Phase Halogens
Pneumatic Fracturing Extraction™
and Catalytic Oxidation
Photocatalytic Oxidation with Air
Stripping
Aqua Detox®/SVE System
Reductive Photo-Dechlorination
Treatment
Reductive Thermal and Photo-
Thermal Oxidation Processes for
Enhanced Conversion of
Chlorocarbons
Adsorption-Integrated-Reaction
Process
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
Photocatalytic Air Treatment
VaporSep® Membrane Process
Photolytic Oxidation Process
Ambersorb® 563 Adsorbent
2-PHASE™ EXTRACTION Process
Volume
3
3
3
1
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
2
1/2
1/2
2
2
2
1
Page 192

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Gas
(Cont.)
Ground
water
Ground
water
(Cont.)
Contaminants

VOCs (Cont.)
Aromatic VOCs
Aromatic VOCs
(Cont.)
Treatment Type
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
(Cont.)
Spectrometers
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Biological
Degradation
(Cont.)
Technology
Vendor
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
HNU Systems, Inc.,
Microsensor Systems,
Inc.
Hewlett-Packard
Company
Photovac Monitoring
Instruments
Sentex Systems, Inc.
SRI Instruments
Environmental
Technologies Group,
Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
XonTech, Inc.
Sonotech, Inc.
Billings and
Associates, inc.
Bio-Rem, Inc.
BioTrol, Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
New York State
Department of
Environmental
Conservation/R.E.
Wright Environmental
Inc.
Harding ESE, a
MacTech Co.
IT Corporation
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
Technology
Mobile Environmental Monitor
HNU GC 31 ID Portable Gas
Chromatograph
MSI-301A Vapor Monitor
Portable Gas Analyzer
PE Photovac Voyager Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
AirSentry Fourier Transform
Infrared Spectrometer
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
XonTech Sector Sampler
Frequency-Turnable Pulse
Combustion System
Subsurface Volatilization and
Ventilation Systems (SVVS®)
Augmented in Situ Subsurface
Bioremediation Process
Biological Aqueous Treatment
System
In Situ Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injection
In Situ Bioventing Treatment
System
Two-Zone, Plume Interception, Inc
Situ Treatment Technology
Oxygen Microbubbles In Situ
Bioremediation
ZenoGem™ Process
Volume
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
1
1
1
1
2
i
1/2
2
1
                                             Page 193

-------
                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Ground
water
(Cont)
Contaminants

Aromatic VOCs
(Cont)
Treatment Type
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Technology
Vendor
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory, U. of
Cincinnati, and FRX,
Inc.
Hughes
Environmental
Systems, Inc.
NOVATERRA,
Associates
Rochem Separation
Systems, Inc.
SoilTech ATP
Systems, Inc.
Western Research
Institute
ARS Technologies,
Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
Terra Therm Inc. age
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
KSE, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Thermatrix, Inc.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Terra Vac, Inc.
U. of Nebraska -
Lincoln
Roy F. Weston,
Inc./IEG Technologies
Xerox Corp.
Technology
Hydraulic Fracturing
Steam Enhanced Recovery Process
In Situ Soil Treatments (Steam/ Air
Stripping)
Rochem Disc Tube™ Module
System
Anaerobic Thermal Processor
Contained Recovery of Oily Wastes
(CROW™)
Pneumatic Fracturing Extraction™
and Catalytic Oxidation
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
High Energy Electron Irradiation
Adsorption-Integrated-Reaction
Process
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
X-ray Treatment of Aqueous
Solutions
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
In Situ and Ex Situ Vacuum
Extraction
Center Pivot Spray Irrigation
System
UVB - Vacuum Vaporizing Well
2-PHASE™ EXTRACTION Process
Volume
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1/2
1/2
2
1/2
2
1
1
1
1
1
Page 194

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Ground
water
(Cent)
Contaminants

Aromatic VOCs
(Cont)
Cyanide
Diesel
Treatment Type

Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Thermal
Destruction (Cont)
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Technology
Vendor
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
Analytical and
Remedial Technology,
Inc.
Broker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
HNU Systems, Inc.
Hewlett-Packard
Company
Photovac Monitoring
Instruments
Sentex Systems, Inc.
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Hanby Environmental
Laboratory Procedure,
Inc.
Texaco Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Pintail Systems, Inc.
E & C Williams, Inc.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory, U. of
Cincinnati, and FRX,
Inc.
Integrated Water
Resources, Inc.
Technology
Cross-Flow Pervaporation System
Automated Sampling and
Analytical Platform
Mobile Environmental Monitor
HNU GC 3 1 1 D Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Portable Gas Analyzer
PE Photovac Voyager Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Field Analytical Screening Program
PCB Method
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Test Kits for Organic Contaminants
in Soi! and Water
Texaco Gasification Process
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Spent Ore Bioremediation Process
Calsium Sulfide and Calcium
Polysulfide Technologies
Hydraulic Fracturing
Dynamic Underground Stripping of
TCE
Volume
1
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
1
3
3
1
2
1/2
3
1
1
                                            Page 195

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Ground
water
(Cent)
Contaminants

Dioxins
Dioxins
Explosives
Treatment Type

Spectrometers
Phy sical/Chem ical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
Steam Tech
Environmental
Services
SiteLAB Corporation
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
Integrated Water
Resources
SoilTech ATP
Systems, Inc.
SteamTech
Environmental
Services
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
IT Corporation
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics
Inc.
BWX Technologies
Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
U.S. Filter/Zimpro
Inc.
Technology
Steam Enhanced Remediation
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
Spectroscopy
GAS-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Dynamic Underground Stripping of
TCE
Anaerobic Thermal Processor
Steam Enhanced Remediation
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
KMnO4 Oxidation of TCE
Photocataiytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Mobile Environmental Monitor
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
RaPfD Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
GHEA Associates Process
Ultraviolet Radiation and Oxidation
Volume
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1/2
1
1/2
1
3
1
3
3
1/2
2
2
1
Page 196

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Ground
water
(Cont)
Contaminants
Furans
Furans (Cont)
Gasoline
Halogenated
VOCs
Treatment Type
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Materials Handling
Spectrometers
Biological
Degradation
Technology
Vendor
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
SoilTech ATP
Systems, Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
BWX Technologies
Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Integrated Water
Resources Inc.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory, U. of
Cincinnati, and FRX,
Inc.
SteamTech
Environmental
Services
SiteLAB Corporation
ASC/EMR Wright-
Patterson AFB
Bio-Rem, Inc.
Technology
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Anaerobic Thermal Processor
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Mobile Environmental Monitor
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Dynamic Underground Stripping of
TCE
Hydraulic Fracturing
Steam Enhanced Remediation
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
Spectroscopy
Phytoremediation of TCE-
Contaminated Shallow
Groundwater
Augmented in Situ Subsurface
Bioremediation Process
Volume
1
1
1
1/2
1/2
1
3
3
3
3
1/2
2
1
1
1
3
2
1
                                            Page 197

-------
                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Ground
water
(Cont)
Contaminants

Halogenated
VOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type

Materials Handling
Physical Chemical
Treatment -
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
BioTrol, Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
Harding ESE, a
MacTech Co.
New York State
Department of
Environmental
Conservation/Science
Applications
International Corp.
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory, U. of
Cincinnati, and FRX,
Inc.
Pharmacia
Corporation
Hughes
Environmental
Systems, Inc.
KAI Technologies,
Inc./Brown and Root
Environmental
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
NOVATERRA
Associates
SoilTech ATP
Systems, Inc.
Western Research
Institute
ARS Technologies,
Inc.
Arizona State U./
Zentox Corp.
CF Systems Corp.
Technology
Methanotrophic Bioreactor System
In Situ Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injection
Two-Zone, Plume Interception, In
Situ Treatment Technology
In Situ Bioventing Treatment
System
ZenoGem™ Process
Hydraulic Fracturing
Lasagna™ In Situ Soil Remediation
Steam Enhanced Recovery Process
Radio Frequency Heating
GHEA Associates Process
In Situ Soil Treatments (Steam/Air
Stripping)
Anaerobic Thermal Processor
Contained Recovery of Oily Wastes
(CROW™)
Pneumatic Fracturing Extraction™
and Catalytic Oxidation
Photocatalytic Oxidation with Air
Stripping
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
Volume
1
2
1/2
1
1
1
1/2
1
1
2
1
I
2
1
2
1
Page 198

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Ground
Water
(Cont)
Contaminants

Halogenated
VOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Technology
Vendor
EnviroMetal
Technologies, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
KSE, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Pulse Sciences, Inc.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Terra Vac, Inc.
U.S. Filter/Zimpro
Inc.
U. of Nebraska-
Lincoln
UV Technologies, Inc.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
Roy F. Weston,
Inc./IEG Technologies
Xerox Corp.
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
Analytical and
Remedial Technology,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Photovac Monitoring
Instruments
Sentex Systems, Inc.
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Technology
In Situ and Ex Situ Metal Enhanced
Abiotic Degradation of Dissolved
Halogenated Organic Compounds
in Groundwater
High Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
Adsorption-Integrated-Reaction
Process
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
X-ray Treatment of Aqueous
Solutions
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
In Situ and Ex Situ Vacuum
Extraction
Ultraviolet Radiation and Oxidation
Center Pivot Spray Irrigation
System
PhotoCAT™ Process
Ambersorb® 563 Adsorbent
UVB - Vacuum Vaporizing Well
2-PHASE™ EXTRACTION Process
Cross-Flow Pervaporation System
Automated Sampling and
Analytical Platform
Mobile Environmental Monitor
PE Photovac Voyager Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Field Analytical Screening Program
PCB Method
Volume
1
1/2
2
1/2
2
1
1
1
4
2
2
1
1
1
3
3
3
3
3
3
                                             Page 199

-------
                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Ground
water
(Cont)
Ground
water
(Cont)
Contaminants

Halogenated
VOCs (Cont)
Heavy Metals
Herbicides
Herbicides
(Cont)

Treatment Type
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Physical Chemical
Treatment -
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Technology
Vendor
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Texaco Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Broker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Terra Therm, Inc.
BioTrol, Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
Phytokinetics, Inc.
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
Pharmacia
Corporation
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
SoilTech ATP
Systems, Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Technology
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
RaPID Assay®
Texaco Gasification Process
Photothennal Detoxification Unit
Mobile Environmental Monitor
In-Situ Thermal Destruction
Biological Aqueous Treatment
System
In Situ Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injection
Phytoremediation of Contaminated
Soils
ZenoGem™ Process
Lasagna™ in Situ Soil Remediation
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Anaerobic Thermal Processor
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High Energy Electron Irradiation
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Volume
1
3
3
1
2
3
1
1
1/2
2
1
1/2
1
I
1
1
1/2
1
3
Page 200

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Ground
water
(Cent)
Contaminants

Metals
Metals
Treatment Type
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Field Portable X-
ray Fluorescence
Physical Chemical
Treatment -
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Radioactive Waste
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics
Inc.
BWX Technologies
Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Colorado Dept. of
Public Health and
Environment
Pintail Systems, Inc.
Pintail Systems, Inc.
Resource
Management &
Recovery
Metorex, Inc.
Pharmacia
Corporation
Filter Flow
Technology, Inc.
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
Rochem Separation
Systems, Inc.
Atomic Energy of
Canada, Ltd.
E.I. DuPont de
Nemours and Co. and
Oberlin Filter Co.
Dynaphore, Inc.
EPOC Water, Inc.
E & C Williams, Inc.
Technology
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Wetlands-Based Treatment
Biomineraiization of Metals
Spent Ore Bioremediation Process
AlgaSORB® Biological Sorption
Field Portable X-ray Fluorescence
Analysis
Lasagna™ In Situ Soil
Remediation
Colloid Polishing Filter Method®
GHEA Associates Process
Rochem Disc Tube™ Module
System
Chemical Treatment and
Ultrafiltration
Membrane Microfiltration
FORAGER® Sponge
Precipitation, Microfiltration, and
Sludge Dewatering
Calsium Sulfide and Calcium
Polysulfide Technologies
Volume
1
3
1
1/2
2
2
1/2
1/2
2
3
1/2
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
3
                                            Page 201

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                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Ground
water
(Cont)
Contaminants

Metals (Cont)
Organics
Treatment Type

Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
(Cont)
Solidification/
Stabilization
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Technology
Vendor
General
Environmental Corp.
Geokinetics
International, Inc.
Geokinetics,
International, Inc.
Lockheed Martin
Missiles and Space
Co. And Geokinetics
International, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Morrison Knudsen
Corp./Spetstamponazh
geologia
Enterprises/STG
Technologies
RECRA
Environmental, Inc.
Selentec
Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
U. of Washington
U. of Wisconsin -
Madison
E&C Williams
HNU Systems, Inc.
Hewlett-Packard
Company
E&C Williams
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
BWX Technologies
Inc.
ASC/EMR Wright-
Patterson AFB
Harding ESE, a
MacTech Company
Technology
CURE* Electrocoagulation
Wastewater Treatment System
Electrokinetics ForNSFO
Mobilization
Electrokinetic Remediation Process
Electrokinetic Remediation Process
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
Clay-Base Grouting Technology
Alternating Current
Electrocoagulation Technology
Selentec MAG*SEP Technology
Adsorptive Filtration
Photoelectrocatalytic Degradation
and Removal
Chemical Stabilization Of Mercury
Mining Wastes
HNU GC 3 1 ID Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Portable Gas Analyzer
Chemical Stabilization of Mercury
Mining Wastes
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Cyclone Furnace
Phytoremediation of TCE in
Shallow Groundwater
Two-Zone, Plume Interception, In
Situ Treatment Strategy
Volume
1
1
1
1
1/2
1
2
1
2
2
1
2
3
1
1
1/2
1
1/2
Page 202

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Ground
water
(Cont)
Contaminants

PAHs
PAHs (Cont)
PCBs
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Thermal
Destruction
Physical/ Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Spectrometers
Biological
Degradation
Field Portable
X-ray
Fluorescence
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Technology
Vendor
Regenesis
Current
Environmental
Solutions
IT Corporation
Geokinetics
International, Inc.
Pharmacia
Corporation
Current
Environmental
Solutions
Terra Therm, Inc
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
SRI Instruments
SiteLAB Corporation
Gas Technology
Institute
Phytokinetics, Inc.
Phytokinetics, Inc.
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
Metorex, Inc.
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
KAI Technologies,
Inc./Brown and Root
Environmental
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
Technology
Time Released Electron Acceptors
& Donors for Accelerated Natural
Attenuation
Six-Phase Heating of TCE
KMnO4 (Potassium Permanganate)
Oxidation of TCE
Electrokinetics for NSFO
Mobilization
Lasagna™ In Situ Soil
Remediation
Six-Phase Heating of TCE
In Situ Thermal Destruction
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
Spectroscopy
Chemical and Biological Treatment
Phytoremediation of Contaminated
Soils
Phytoremediation Process
ZenoGem™ Process
Field portable X-ray Fluorescence
Analysis
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Radio Frequency Heating
GHEA Associates Process
Volume
1
1
1
1
1/2
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
2
1/2
1
3
1
1
2
                                            Page 203

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                     APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Ground
water
(Cont)
Contaminants

PCBs (Cont)
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Technology
Vendor
SoilTech ATP
Systems, Inc.
Calgon Carbon
Oxidation
Technologies
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Morrison Knudsen
Corp./Spetstamponazh
geologia
Enterprises/STG
Technologies
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
U.S. Filter/Zimpro
Inc.
U. of Wisconsin -
Madison
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
HNU Systems, Inc.
Hewlett-Packard
Company
Sentex Systems, Inc.
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Technology
Anaerobic Thermal Processor
perox-pure™ Chemical Oxidation
Technology
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
High Energy Beam Irradiation
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
Clay-Base Grouting Technology
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Ultraviolet Radiation and
Oxidations
Photoelectrocatalytic Degradation
and Removal
Mobile Environmental Monitor
HNU GC 3 1 ID Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Portable Gas Analyzer
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Field Analytical Screening Program
PCB Method
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Volume
1
1
1
1/2
1/2
1/2
1
1
1
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
1 ,
3
Page 204

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Ground
water
(Cont)
Contaminants

PCP
PCP (Cont)
Pesticides
Treatment Type
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Test Kits
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment


Technology
Vendor
Hanby Environmental
Laboratory
Procedures, Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
U.S. Filter/Zimpro
Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics
Inc.
BioTrol, Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Phytokinetics, Inc.
Phytokinetics, Inc.
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
KAI Technologies,
Inc./Brown and Root
Environmental
SoilTech ATP
Systems, Inc.
Calgon Carbon
Oxidation
Technologies
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Technology
Test Kits for Organic Contaminants
in Soil and Water
Cyclone Furnace
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Ultraviolet Radiation and Oxidation
PENTA RISc Test System
RaPID Assay®
Biological Aqueous Treatment
System
In Situ Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injections
Chemical and Biological Treatment
Phytoremediation of Contaminated
Soils
Phytoremediation Process
ZenoGem™ Process
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Radio Frequency heating
Anaerobic Thermal Process
perox-pure™ Chemical Oxidation
Technology
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High-Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
Volume
3
1/2
2
1
1
3
3
1
2
2
3
1/2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1/2
                                            Page 205

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Ground
water
(Cont)
Contaminants

Pesticides (Cont)
Petroleum
Hydrocarbons
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Technology
Vendor
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Morrison Knudsen
Corp./Spetstamponazh
geologia
Enterprises/STG
Technologies
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
U.S. Filter/Zimpro
Inc.
U. of Wisconsin -
Madison
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Sentex Sensing
Technology, Inc.
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Hanby Environmental
Laboratory Procedure,
Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Regenesis
Technology
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
Clay-Base Grouting Technology
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Ultraviolet Radiation and Oxidation
Photoelectrocatalytic Degradation
and Removal
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Field Analytical Screening Program
PCB Method
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
PENTA RISc Test System
Test Kits for Organic Contaminants
in Soil and Water
Cyclone Furnace
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Time Released Electron Acceptors
& Donors for Accelerated Natural
Attenuation
Volume
1/2
1/2
1
1
1
2
3
3
3
3
1
3
1
3
1/2
2
1
Page 206

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Ground
water
(Cent)
Ground
water
(Cont)
Contaminants
Petroleum
Hydrocarbons
(Cont)
Radionuclides
SVOCs
SVOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Physical/Chemical
Radioactive Waste
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation

Biological
Degradation

Technology
Vendor
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory, U. of
Cincinnati, and FRX,
Inc.
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
Calgon Carbon
Oxidation
Technologies
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
SRI Instruments
Horiba Instruments,
Inc.
SiteLAB Corporation
Wilks Enterprise, Inc.
Idetek, Inc.
Filter Flow
Technology, Inc.
Atomic Energy of
Canada, Ltd.
Selentec
Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Terra Therm, Inc.
BioTrol, Inc.
Harding ESE, a
MacTech Company
Gas Technology
Institute
New York State Dept.
of Environmental/
Science Applications
International Corp.
Technology
Hydraulic Fracturing
GHEA Associates Process
perox-pure™ Chemical Oxidation
Technology
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Infrared Analysis
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
Spectroscopy
Infrared Analysis
Equate® Immunoassay
Colloid Polishing Filter Method(R)
Chemical Treatment and
Ultrafiltration
Selentec MAG* SEP Technology
Cyclone Furnace
In-Situ Thermal Destruction
Biological Aqueous Treatment
System
Two-Zone, Plume Interception, In
Situ Treatment Technology
Chemical and Biological Treatment
In Situ Bioventing Treatment
System

1
2
1
1/2
3
3
3
3
3
1
2
1
1/2
1
1
1/2
2 '
1
                                           Page 207

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)

Ground
water
(Cont)



SVOCs
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption


Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Technology
Vendor
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
KAI Technologies,
Inc. /Brown and Root
Environmental
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
NOVATERRA
Associates
SoilTechATP
Systems, Inc.
Western Research
Institute
ARS Technologies
Inc.
Calgon Carbon
Oxidation
Technologies
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Pulse Sciences, Inc.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Terra Vac, Inc.
U. of Wisconsin -
Madison
Roy F. Weston,
Inc./IEG Technologies
Xerox Corp.
Technology
ZenoGem™ Process
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Radio Frequency Heating
GHEA Associates Process
In Situ Soil Treatments (Steam/Air
Stripping)
Anaerobic Thermal Processor
Contained Recovery of Oily Wastes
(CROW™)
Pneumatic Fracturing Extraction™
and Catalytic Oxidation
perox-pure™ Chemical Oxidation
Technology
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High-Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
X-ray Treatment of Aqueous
Solutions
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
In Situ and Ex Situ Vacuum
Extraction
Photoelectrocatalytic Degradation
and Removal
UVB - Vacuum Vaporizing Well
2-PHASE™ EXTRACTION Process
Volume |
1 1
1
1 1
2
1
I
2 I
1
1
1
1/2
1
2
1
1
2
1 '
1
Page 208

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Ground
water
(Cont)
Contaminants

VOCs
VOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Other
Biological
Degradation
Biological
Degradation (Cont)

Technology
Vendor
Analytical and
Remedial Technology,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
U.S. EPA
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
BWX Technologies
Inc.
Texaco Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Berkeley
Environmental
Restoration Center
Argonne National
Laboratory
ASC/EMR Wright-
Patterson AFB
Billings and
Associates, Inc.
Bio-Rem, Inc.
BioTrol, Inc.
Earth Tech/
Westinghouse
Savannah River
Company
Electrokinetics, Inc.
Earth Tech, Inc.
Technology
Automated Sampling and
Analytical Platform
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Field Analytical Screening Program
PCB Method
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
Texaco Gasification process
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
In Situ Steam Enhanced Extraction
Process
Development of Phytoremediation
Phytoremediation of TCE in
Shallow Groundwater
Subsurface Volatilization and
Ventilation System (SVVS®)
Augmented In Situ Subsurface
Bioremediation Process
Biological Aqueous Treatment
System
Enhanced In Situ Bioremediation of
Chlorinated Compounds in
Groundwater
In Situ Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injection
In Situ Enhanced Bioremediation of
Groundwater
Volume
3
3
3
1
3
3
1/2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
                                           Page 209

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Ground
water
(Cent)
Contaminants

VOCs (Cent)
Treatment Type

Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
New Yprk State Dept.
of Environmental/
Science Applications
International Corp.
New York State Dept.
of Environmental
Conservation/SBP
Technologies, Inc.
Phytokinetics, Inc.
Phytokinetics, Inc.
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory, U. of
Cincinnati, and FRX,
Inc.
Hughes
Environmental
Systems, Inc.
KAI Technologies,
Inc./Brown and Root
Environmental
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
NOVATERRA
Associates
Rochem Separation
Systems, Inc.
SoilTech ATP
Systems, Inc.
Western Research
Institute
ARS Technologies,
Inc.
Arizona State U./
Zentox Corp.
AWD Technologies,
Inc.
Technology
In Situ Bioventing Treatment
System
Groundwater Circulation Biological
Treatment Process
Phytoremediation of Contaminated
Soils
Phytoremediation Process
ZenoGem™ Process
Hydraulic Fracturing
Steam Enhanced Recovery Process
Radio Frequency Heating
GHEA Associates Process
In Situ Soil Treatments (Steam/Air
Stripping)
Rochem Disc Tube™ Module
System
Anaerobic Thermal Processor
Contained Recovery of Oily Wastes
(CROW™)
Pneumatic Fracturing Extraction™
and Catalytic Oxidation
Photocatalytic Oxidation with Air
Stripping
Aqua Detox(R)/SVE Systems
Volume
1
1
2
1/2
1
1
1
1
2
I
1
1
2
1
2
1
Page 210

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Ground
water
(Cent)
Contaminants

VOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
Calgon Carbon
Oxidation
Technologies
CF Systems Corp.
Radian International
LLC
Mactec-SBP
Technologies
Company, LLC
EnviroMetal
Technologies, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
IT Corporation
KSE, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Morrison Knudsen
CorpySpetstamponazh
geologia
Enterprises/STG
Technologies
Pulse Sciences, Inc.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Terra Vac, Inc.
U.S. Filter/Zimpro
Inc.
U. of Nebraska -
Lincoln
UV Technologies, Inc.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
Roy F. Weston,
Inc./IEG Technologies
Technology
perox-pure™ Chemical Oxidation
Technology
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
Integrated AquaDetox Steam
Vacuum Stripping and Soil Vapor
Extraction/Reinjection
No VOCs™ In-Well Stripping
Technology
hi Situ and Ex Situ Metal Enhanced
Abiotic Degradation of Dissolved
Halogenated Organic Compounds
in Groundwater
High Energy Electron Irradiation
KMnO4 Oxidation of TCE
Adsorption-Integrated-Reaction
Process
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
Clay-Base Grouting Technology
X-ray Treatment of Aqueous
Solutions
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
In Situ and Ex Situ Vacuum
Extraction
Ultraviolet Radiation and Oxidation
Center Pivot Spray Irrigation
System
PhotoCAT™ Process
Ambersorb® 563 Adsorbent
UVB - Vacuum Vaporizing Well
Volume
1
1
1
1
1
1/2
1
2
1/2
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
                                           Page 211

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Ground
water
(Cont)
Leachate
Contaminants

VOCs (Cont)
Not Applicable
Other
Aromatic VOCs
Treatment Type

Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
(Cont)
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Capping/
Containment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Biological
Degradation
Technology
Vendor
Xerox Corp.
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
HNU Systems, Inc.
Hewlett-Packard
Company
Photovac Monitoring
Instruments
Sentex Systems, Inc.
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Hanby Environmental
Laboratory Procedure,
Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics
Inc.
Texaco, Inc.
U.S. EPA NRMRL
North American
Technologies Group,
Inc.
RECRA
Environmental, Inc.
BioTrol, Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
Technology
2-PHASE™ EXTRACTION Process
Cross-Flow Pervaporation System
Mobile Environmental Monitor
HNU GC 3 1 ID Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Portable Gas Analyzer
PE Photovac Voyager Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Field Analytical Screening Program
PCB Method
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Test Kits for Organic Contaminants
in Soil and Water
RaPID Assay®
Texaco Gasification Process
Alterative Cover Assessment
Program (ACAP)
Oleophilic Amine-Coated Ceramic
Chip
Alternating Electrocoagulation
Technology
Biological Aqueous Treatment
System
In Situ Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injection
ZenoGem™ Process
Volume
1
1
3
3
3'
3
3
3
3
1
3
3
3
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
Page 212

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Leachate
(Cont)
Contaminants

Aromatic VOCs
(Cont)

Treatment Type
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Technology
Vendor
NOVATERRA
Associates
Rochem Separation
Systems, Inc.
CF Systems, Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Magnum Water
Technology
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Pulse Sciences, Inc.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
Analytical and
Remedial Technology,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
HNU Systems, Inc.
Sentex Systems, Inc.
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Hanby Environmental
Laboratory procedure,
Inc.
Technology
In Situ Soil Treatments (Steam/Air
Stripping)
Rochem Disc Tube™ Module
System
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
High Energy Electron Irradiation
CA-OX® Process
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
X-ray Treatment of Aqueous
Solutions
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Cross-Flow Pervaporation System
Automated Sampling and
Analytical Platform
Mobile Environmental Monitor
HNU GC 3 11 D Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Field Analytical Screening Program
PCB Methods
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Test Kits for Organic Contaminants
in Soil and Water
Volume
1
1
1
1/2
1
1
1/2
2
1
1
3
3
3
3
3
3
1
3
3
                                           Page 213

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Leachate
(Cont)
Leachate
(Cont)
Contaminants
Cyanide
Diesel
Dioxins
Explosives
Furans
Furans (Cont)
Treatment Type
Biological
Degradation
Spectrometers
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
Pintail Systems, Inc.
SiteLAB Corporation
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics
Inc.
BWX Technologies
Inc.
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
U.S. Filter/Zimpro
Inc.
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Technology
Spent Ore Bioremediation Process
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
Spectroscopy
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Mobile Environmental Monitor
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
GHEA Associates Process
Ultraviolet Radiation and Oxidation
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
Volume
1/2
3
I
1
1/2
1/2
1
3
1
3
3
1/2
2
1
1
1
1/2
1/2
Page 214

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Leachate
(Cont)
Contaminants

Gasoline
Halogenated
VOCs
Halogenated
VOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type

Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Spectrometers
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Technology
Vendor
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics
Inc.
BWX Technologies
Inc.
SiteLAB Corporation
BioTroI, Inc.
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
NOVATERRA
Associates
CF Systems Corp.
EnviroMetal
Technologies Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Magnum Water
Technology
Matrix Photocatalytic
Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
Pulse Sciences, Inc.
Technology
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Mobile Environmental Monitor
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
Spectroscopy
Methanotrophic Bioreactor System
ZenoGem™ Process
GHEA Associates Process
In-Situ Soil Treatments (Steam/Air
Stripping)
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
In Situ and Ex Situ Metal Enhanced
Abiotic Degradation of Dissolved
Halogenated Organic Compounds
in Groundwater
High Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
High Energy Electron Irradiation
CAV-OX® Process
Photocatalytic Aqueous Phase
Organic Destruction
X-ray Treatment of Aqueous
Solutions
Volume
I
3
1
3
3
1/2
3
2
1
2
•I
1
1
1/2
1/2
1
1/2
2
                                           Page 215

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                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Leachate
(Cont)
Contaminants

Halogenated
VOCs (Cont)
Heavy Metals
Herbicides
Treatment Type

Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
U.S. Filter/Zimpro
Inc.
UV Technologies, Inc.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
Analytical and
Remedial Technology,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Sentex Systems, Inc
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
IGT
BioTrol, Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
Technology
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Ultraviolet Radiation and Oxidation
PhotoCAT™ Process
Ambersorb® 563 Adsorbent
Cross-Flow Pervaporation System
Automated Sampling and
Analytical Platform
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Field Analytical Screening Program
PCB Method
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
RaPID Assay®
Hybrid Fluidized Bed System
Thermal Sediment Reuse
Technologies
Biological Aqueous Treatment
System
In Situ Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injection
ZenoGem™ Process
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
Volume
1
I
2
2
1
3
3
3
3
3
1
3
3
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
Page 216

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Leachate
(Cent)
Contaminants

Inorganics
Metals
Treatment Type

Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Field Portable X-
ray Fluorescence
Physical/Chemical
Radioactive Waste
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption .
Physical/Chemical
Treatment

Technology
Vendor
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Magnum Water
Technology
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
IGT
Colorado Dept. Of
Public Health and
Environment
Pintail Systems, Inc.
Pintail Systems, Inc.
Metorex, Inc.
Filter Flow
Technology, Inc.
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
Rochem Separation
Systems, Inc.
Atomic Energy of
Canada, Ltd.
Atomic Energy of
Canada, Ltd.
Technology
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
CAV-OX® Process
Photocatalytic Water Treatment
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Mobile Environmental Monitor
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
Thermal Sediment Reuse
Technology
Wetlands-Based Treatment
Biomineralization of Metals
Spent Ore Bioremediation Process
Field Portable X-ray Fluorescence
Analysis
Heavy Metals and Radionuclide
Polishing Filter
GHEA Associates Process
Rochem Disc Tube™ Module
System
Chemical Treatment and
Ultrafiltration
Ultrasonic-Aided Leachate
Treatment
Volume
1/2
I
1
1
3
1
3
3
1/2
1
1
2
1
3
1
2
1
2
2
                                            Page 217

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Leachate
(Cont)
Contaminants

Metals (Cont)
Organics
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Thermal
Destruction
Thermal
Destruction
Technology
Vendor
E.I. DuPont de
Nemours and Co., and
Oberlin Filter Co.
Dynaphore, Inc.
EPOC Water, Inc.
General
Environmental Corp.
Geokinetics,
International, Inc.
Lewis Environmental
Services, Inc./
Hickson Corp.
Lockheed Martin
Missiles and Space
Co. and Geokinetics
International, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Morrison Knudsen
Corp./Spetstamponazh
geologia Enterprises/
STG Technologies
RECRA
Environmental, Inc.
Region 8 and State of
Colorado
Selentec
Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
U. of Washington
HNU Systems, Inc.
Wheelabrator Clean
Air System, Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
IGT
Technology
Membrane Microfiltration
FORAGER® Sponge
Precipitation, Microfiltration, and
Sludge Dewatering
CURE® Electrocoagulation
Wastewater Treatment System
Electrokinetic Remediation Process
Chromated Copper Arsenate Soil
Leaching Process
Electrokinetic Remediation Process
Photocatalytic Water Treatment
Clay-Base Grouting Technology
Alternating Current
Electrocoagulation Technology
Multiple Innovative Passive Mine
Drainage Technologies
Selentec MAG*SEP Technology
Adsorption Filtration
HNU GC 3 1 ID Portable Gas
Chromatograph
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Cyclone Furnace
Hybrid Fluidized Bed System
Thermal Sediment Reuse
Technology
Volume
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1/2
1
2
1
1
2
3
1
1/2
' 2
1
Page 218

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Leachate
(Cont)
Contaminants
PAHs
PAHs (Cont)
PCBs

Treatment Type
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Spectrometers
Thermal
Destruction (Cont)
Biological
Degradation
Field Portable X-
ray Fluorescence
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment


Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Technology
Vendor
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
SRI Instruments
SiteLAB Corporation
IGT
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
Metorex, Inc.
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
Calgon Carbon
Oxidation
Technologies
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Magnum Water
Technology
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Morrison Knudsen
Corp./Spetstamponazh
geologia Enterprises/
STG Technologies
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
U.S. Filter/Zimpro
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Technology
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
Spectroscopy
Thermal Sediment Reuse
Technology
ZenoGem™ Process
Field Portable X-ray Fluorescence
Analysis
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
perox-pure™ Chemical Oxidation
Technology
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
CAV-OX® Process
Photocatalytic Water Treatment
Clay-Base Grouting Technology
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Ultraviolet Radiation and Oxidation
Mobile Environmental Monitor

1
3
3
3
1
1
3
1
1
1
1/2
1/2
1
1/2
1
1
1
3
                                           Page 219

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Leachate
(Conte)
Leachate
(Cont)
Contaminants

PCBs (Cont)
PCP
Pesticides
Pesticides (Cont)
Treatment Type

Portable Gas
Chromatographs
(Cont)
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Test Kits
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
HNU Systems, Inc.
Sentex Sensing
Technology, Inc.
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Hanby Environmental
Laboratory Procedure,
Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
IGT
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
U.S. Filter/Zimpro
Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
BioTro'I, Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
Calgon Carbon
Oxidation
Technologies
Technology
HNU GC 31 ID Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Field Analytical Screening Program
PCB Methods
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
PENTA RISc Test Systems
Test Kits for Organic Contaminants
in Soil and Water
Hybrid Fluidized Bed System
Thermal Sediment Reuse
Technology
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Ultraviolet Radiation and Oxidation
PENTA RISc Test System
RaPID Assay®
Biological Aqueous Treatment
System
In Situ Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injection
ZenoGem™ Process
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
perox-pure™ Chemical Oxidation
Technology
Volume
3
3
3
3
1
3
3
3
2
1
1
1
3
3
1
2
1
1
1
Page 220

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Leachate
(Cent)
Contaminants

Pesticides (Cent)
Treatment Type

Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Test Kits (Cont)
Thermal
Destruction
Technology
Vendor
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Magnum Water
Technology
Photocatalytic Air
Treatment
Photocatalytic Inc.
Morrison Knudsen
Corp./Spetstamponazh
geologia Enterprises/
STG Technologies
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
U.S. Filter/Zimpro
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Sentex Sensing
Technology, Inc.
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Hanby Environmental
Laboratory Procedure,
Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Technology
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High-Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
CAV-OX® Process
Photocatalytic Water Treatment
Clay-Base Grouting Technology
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Ultraviolet Radiation and Oxidation
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Field Analytical Screening Program
PCB Method
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
PENTA RISc Test System
Test Kits for Organic Contaminants
in Soil and Water
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
Volume
1
1/2
1/2
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
3
1
3
3
3
3
1/2
                                           Page 221

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Leachate
(Cont)
Contaminants

Petroleum
Hydrocarbons
Radionuclides
SVOCs
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatments
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Spectrometers
Physical/Chemical
Radioactive Waste
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Technology
Vendor
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
Calgon Carbon
Oxidation
Technologies
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
SRI Instruments
Horiba Instruments,
Inc.
SiteLAB Corporation
Filter Flow
Technology, Inc.
Atomic Energy of
Canada, Ltd.
Atomic Energy of
Canada, Ltd.
Selentec
Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Terra Therm
BioTroI, Inc.
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
Novaterra Associates
Technology
Hybrid Fluidized Bed System
GHEA Associates Process
perox-pure™ Chemical Oxidation
Technology
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Infrared Analysis
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
Spectroscopy
Heavy Metals and Radionuclide
Polishing Filter
Chemical Treatment and
Ultrafiltration
Ultrasonic-Aided Leachate
Treatment and Ultrafiltration
Selentec MAG*SEP Technology
Cyclone Furnace
In Situ Thermal Destruction
Biological Aqueous Treatment
System
ZenoGem™ Process
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
GHEA Associates Process
In Situ Soil Treatments (Steam/Air
Stripping)
Volume
2
2
1
1
3
3
3
1
2
3
1
1/2
1
1
1
1
2
1
Page 222

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Leachate
(Cont)
Contaminants

SVOCs (Cont)
VOCs
Treatment Type
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Technology
Vendor
Calgon Carbon
Oxidation
Technologies
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Pulse Sciences, Inc.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Analytical and
Remedial Technology,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
U.S. EPA
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
BioTrol, Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
Novaterra Associates
Rochem Separation
Systems, Inc.
Technology
perox-pure™ Chemical Oxidation
Technology
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
X-ray Treatment of Aqueous
Solutions
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Automated Sampling and
Analytical Platform
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Field Analytical Screening Program
PCB Method
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
Biological Aqueous Treatment
System
In Situ Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injection
ZenoGem™ Process
GHEA Associates Process
In Situ Soil Treatment (Steam/Air
Stripping)
Rochem Disc Tube™ Module
System
Volume
1
1
1/2
1
2
1
3
3
3
1
3
3
1/2
1
2
1
2
1
1
                                            Page 223

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Leachate
(Cont)
Contaminants

VOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Technology
Vendor
Calgon Carbon
Oxidation
Technologies
CF Systems Corp.
EnviroMetal
Technologies Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Morrison Knudsen
CorpySpetstamponazh
geologia Enterprises/
STG Technologies
Pulse Sciences, Inc.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
U.S. Filter/Zimpro
Inc.
UV Technologies, Inc.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
ZENON
Environmental, Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
HNU Systems, Inc.
Sentex Sensing
Technology, Inc.
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Technology
perox-pure™ Chemical Oxidation
Technology
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
In Situ and Ex Situ Metal Enhanced
Abiotic Degradation of Dissolved
Halogenated Organic Compounds
in Groundwater
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
Photocatalytic Water Treatment
Clay-Base Grouting Technology
X-ray Treatment of Aqueous
Solutions
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Ultraviolet Radiation and Oxidation
PhotoCAT™ Process
Ambersorb® 563 Adsorbent
Cross-Flow Pervaporation System
Mobile Environmental Monitor
HNU GC 3 1 1 D Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Field Analytical Screening Program
PCB Method
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Volume
1
1
1
1/2
1/2
1
2
1
1
2
2
1
3
3
3
3
3
1
3
Page 224

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Leachate
(Cont)
Liquid
Contaminants

Not Applicable
Other
Other (Cont)
Aromatic VOCs
Treatment Type
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Capping/
Containment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Biological
Degradation
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Technology
Vendor
Hanby Environmental
Laboratory Procedure,
Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Wilder Construction
Co.
North American
Technologies Group,
Inc.
RECRA
Environmental, Inc.
Billings and
Associates, Inc.
Bio-Rem, Inc.
BioTrol, Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
Harding ESE, a
Mactec Co.
New York State Dept.
Of Environmental
Conservation/R.E.
Wright
Environmental, Inc.
IT Corporation
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory, U. of
Cincinnati, and FRX,
Inc.
Hughes
Environmental
Systems, Inc.
Technology
Test Kits for Organic Contaminants
in Soil and Water
RaPID Assay®
Hybrid Fluidized Bed System
Matcon Modified Asphalt Cap
Oleophilic Amine-Coated Ceramic
Chip
Alternating Current
Electrocoagulation Technology
Subsurface Volatilization and
Ventilation System (SVVS® )
Augmented In Situ Subsurface
Bioremediation Process
Biological Aqueous Treatment
System
In Situ Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injection
Two-Zone Plume Interception, In
Situ Treatment Technology
In Situ Bioventing Treatment
System
Oxygen Microbubble In Situ
Bioremediation
ZenoGem™ Process
Hydraulic Fracturing
Steam Enhanced Recovery Process
Volume
3
3
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1/2
1
2
1
1
1
                                            Page 225

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Liquid
(Cont)
Contaminants

Aromatic VOCs
(Cont)
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Technology
Vendor
Rochem Separation
Systems, Inc.
SoilTech ATP
Systems, Inc.
Western Research
Institute
ARS Technologies,
Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
KSE, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Pulse Sciences, Inc.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Terra Vac, Inc.
U. of Nebraska -
Lincoln
Roy F. Weston,
Inc./IEG Technologies
Xerox Corp.
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
Analytical and
Remedial Technology,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
HNU Systems, Inc.
Technology
Rochem Disc Tube™ Module
System
Anaerobic Thermal Processor
Contained Recovery of Oil Wastes
(CROW™)
Pneumatic Fracturing Extraction™
and Catalytic Oxidation
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
High Energy Electron Irradiation
Adsorption-Integrated-Reaction
Process
Photocatalytic Water Treatment
X-ray Treatment of Aqueous
Solutions
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
In Situ and Ex Situ Vacuum
Extraction
Center Pivot Spray Irrigation
System
UVB - Vacuum Vaporizing Well
2-PHASE™ EXTRACTION Process
Cross-Flow Pervaporation System
Automated Sampling and
Analytical Platform
Mobile Environmental Monitor
HNU GC 3 1 ID Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Volume
1
I
2
1
1
1/2
1/2
2
1/2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
Page 226

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Liquid
(Cent)
Contaminants

Aromatic VOCs
(Com)
Cyanide
Diesel
Dioxins
Treatment Type

Portable Gas
Chromatographs
(Cont)
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Materials Handling
Spectrometer
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment

Technology
Vendor
Photovac Monitoring
Instruments
Sentex Sensing
Technology, Inc.
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
andPCP,Inc.
Hanby Environmental
Laboratory Procedure,
Inc.'
Texaco Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Pintail Systems, Inc.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory, U. of
Cincinnati, and FRX,
Inc.
SiteLAB Corporation
ELI Eco Logic
International, Inc.
SoilTech ATP
Systems, Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Technology
PE Photovac Voyager Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Field Analytical Screening Program
PCB Method
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Test Kits for Organic Contaminants
in Soil and Water
Texaco Gasification Process
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Spent Ore Bioremediation Process
Hydraulic Fracturing
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
Spectroscopy
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Anaerobic Thermal Processor
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High Energy Electron Irradiation
Photocatalytic Water Treatment
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Volume
3
3
3
3
1
3
3
1
2
I
1
3
1
1
1
1/2
1/2
1
                                           Page 227

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Liquid
(Cont)
Liquid
(Cont)
Contaminants
Dioxins (Cont)
Explosives
Furans
Furans (Cont)
Treatment Type
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chem ical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Technology
Vendor
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
U.S. Filter/Zimpro
Inc.
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
SoilTech ATP
Systems, Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Technology
Mobile Environmental Monitor
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
Photothennal Detoxification Unit
GHEA Associates Process
Ultraviolet Radiation and Oxidation
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Anaerobic Thermal Processor
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High Energy Electron Irradiation
Photocatalytic Water Treatment
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Mobile Environmental Monitor
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
Volume
3
1
3 1
3
1/2
2
2
1 1
1 1
1 1
1
1/2
1/2
1
3
1
3
3
1/2
Page 228

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Liquid
(Cont)
Contaminants

Gasoline
Halogenated
VOCs
Halogenated
VOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type

Materials Handling
Spectrometer
Biological
Degradation
Materials Handling
Physical Chemical
Treatment -
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Technology
Vendor
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory, U. of
Cincinnati, and FRX,
Inc.
SiteLAB Corporation
ASC/EMR Wright-
Patterson AFB
Harding ESE, a
Mactec Co.
Bio-Rem, Inc.
BioTrol, Inc.
New York State Dept.
Of Environmental
Conservation/R.E.
Wright
Environmental, Inc.
IT Corporation
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory, U. of
Cincinnati, and FRX,
Inc.
Pharmacia
Corporation
Hughes
Environmental
Systems, Inc.
KAI Technologies,
Inc./Brown and Root
Environmental
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
Technology
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Hydraulic Fracturing
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
Spectroscopy
Phytoremediation of TCE-
Contaminated Shallow
Groundwater
Two-Zone Plume Interception, In
Situ Treatment Technology
Augmented In Situ Subsurface
Bioremediation Process
Methanotrophic Bioreactor System
In Situ Bioventing Treatment
System
Oxygen Microbubble In Situ
Bioremediation
ZenoGem™ Process
Hydraulic Fracturing
Lasagna™ In Situ Soil Remediation
Steam Enhanced Recovery Process
Radio Frequency Heating
GHEA Associates Process
Volume
2
1
3
1
1/2
1
2
1
2
I
1
1/2
I
1
2
                                           Page 229

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Liquid
(Cent)
Contaminants


Halogenated
VOCs (Cent)
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Technology
Vendor
SoilTech ATP
Systems, Inc.
Western Research
Institute
ARS Technologies,
Inc.
Arizona State
U/Zentox Corp.
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
KSE, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Pulse Sciences, Inc.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Terra Vac, Inc.
U.S. Filter/Zimpro
Inc.
U. of Nebraska -
Lincoln
UV Technologies, Inc.
Roy F. Weston,
Inc./IEG Technologies
Roy F. Weston,
Inc./lEG Technologies
Xerox Corp.
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
Analytical and
Remedial Technology,
Inc.
Technology
Anaerobic Thermal Process
Contained Recovery of Oily Wastes
(CROW™)
Pneumatic Fracturing Extraction™
and Catalytic Oxidation
Photocatalytic Oxidation with Air
Stripping
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
High Energy Electron Irradiation
Adsorption-Integrated-Reaction
Process
Photocatalytic Water Treatment
X-ray Treatment of Aqueous
Solutions
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
In Situ and Ex Situ Vacuum
Extraction
Ultraviolet Radiation and Oxidation
Center Pivot Spray Irrigation
System
PhotoCAT™ Process
Ambersorb 563 Adsorbent
UVB - Vacuum Vaporizing Well
2-PHASE™ EXTRACTION Process
Cross-Flow Pervaporation System
Automated Sampling and
Analytical Platform
Volume
1
2
1
2
1
1/2
1/2
2
1/2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
3
Page 230

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Liquid
(Cent)
Contaminants

Halogenated
VOCs (Cont)
Heavy Metals
Herbicides
Treatment Type

Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Thermal
Destruction (Cont)
Chemical
Treatment
Field Portable X-
ray Fluorescence
Solidification/
Stabilization
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Physical Chemical
Treatment -
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Technology
Vendor
Broker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Photovac Monitoring
Instruments
Sentex Sensing
Technology, Inc.
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Texaco Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Concurrent
Technologies
HNU Systems, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
BioTroI, Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
Pharmacia
Corporation
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
Technology
Mobile Environmental Monitor
PE Photovac Voyager Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Field Analytical Screening Program
PCB Method
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
RaPID Assay®
Texaco Gasification Process
Photothermai Detoxification Unit
Organics Destruction and Metals
Stabilization
HNU Source Excited Fluorescence
Analyzer-Portable (SEFA-P) X-ray
Fluorescence Analyzer
Cement-Lock Technology
Cement-Lock Technology
Biological Aqueous Treatment
System
In Situ Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injection
ZenoGem™ Process
Lasagna™ In Situ Soil Remediation
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Volume
3
3
3
3
3
1
3
3
1
2
2
3
1
1
1
2
1
1/2
1
                                            Page 231

-------
                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Liquid
(Cont)
Contaminants

Herbicides
(Cont)
Inorganics
Metals
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Chemical
Treatment
Field Portable X-
ray Fluorescence
Solidification/
Stabilization
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Technology
Vendor
SoilTech ATP
Systems, Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Broker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Kvaerner Energy &
Environment
HNU Systems, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
Colorado Dept. of
Public Health and
Environment
Pintail Systems, Inc.
Pintail Systems, hie.
Resource
Management &
Recovery
Technology
Anaerobic Thermal Processor
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High Energy Electron Irradiation
Photocatalytic Water Treatment
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Mobile Environmental Monitor
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Chemical Treatment
HNU Source Excited Fluorescence
Analyzer-Portable (SEFA-P) X-ray
Fluorescence Analyzer
Cement-Lock Technology
Cement-Lock Technology
Wetlands-Based Treatment
Biomineralization of Metals
Spent ore Bioremediation Process
AlgaSORB6 Biological Sorption
Volume
1
4
1/2
1/2
1
3
1
3
3
1/2
2
2
3
1
1
2
2
1
2
Page 232

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Liquid
(Cent)
Contaminants

Metals (Cont)
Treatment Type
Field Portable X-
ray Fluorescence

Physical/Chemical
Treatment -
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Radioactive Waste
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
HNU Systems, Inc.
Metorex, Inc.
Pharmacia
Corporation
Filter Flow
Technology, Inc.
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
Rochem Separation
Systems, Inc.
Atomic Energy of
Canada, Ltd.
E.I. DuPont de
Nemours and Co. and
Oberlin Filter Co.
Dynaphore, Inc.
EPOC Water, Inc.
General
Environmental Corp.
Geokinetics,
International, Inc.
Lewis Environmental
Services, Inc./
Hickson Corp.
Lockheed Martin
Missiles and Space
Co. and Geokinetics
International, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Morrison Knudsen
Corp ./Spetstamponazh
geologia
Enterprises/STG
Technologies
Technology
HNU Source Excited Fluorescence
Analyzer-Portable (SEFA-P) X-ray
Fluorescence Analyzer
Field Portable X-ray Fluorescence
Analysis
Lasagna™ In Situ Soil
Remediation
Heavy Metals and Radionuclide
Polishing Filter
GHEA Associates Process
Rochem Disc TUBE™ Module
System
Chemical Treatment and
Ultrafiltration
Membrane Microfiltration
FORAGER® Sponge
Precipitation, Microfiltration, and
Sludge Dewatering
CURE® Electrocoagulation
Wastewater Treatment System
Electrokinetic Remediation Process
Chromated Copper Arsenate Soil
Leaching Process
Electrokinetic Remediation process
Photocatalytic Water Treatment
Clay-Base Grouting Technology
Volume
3
3
1/2
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1/2
1
                                            Page 233

-------
                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Liquid
(Cont)
Contaminants

Metals (Cont)
Organics
PAHs
PCBs
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Thermal
Destruction
Chemical
Treatment
Solidification/
Stabilization
Thermal
Destruction
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Spectrometer
Biological
Degradation
Field Portable X-
ray Fluorescence
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Technology
Vendor
RECRA
Environmental, Inc.
Selentec
Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
U. of Washington
U. of Wisconsin -
Madison
HUN Systems, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Concurrent
Technologies
Kvaerner Energy &
Environment
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
SRI Instruments
SiteLAB Corporation
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
Metorex, Inc.
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
Technology
Alternating Current
Electrocoagulation Technology
Selentec MAG* SEP Technology
Adsorptive Filtration
Photoelectrocatalytic Degradation
and Removal
HNU GC 3 1 1 D Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Cement-Lock Technology
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Cyclone Furnace
Cement-Lock Technology
Organics Destruction and Metals
Stabilization
Chemical Treatment
Cement-Lock Technology
Cement-Lock Technology
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
Spectroscopy
ZenoGem™ Process
Field Portable X-ray Fluorescence
Analysis
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Volume
2
1
2
2
3
1
1
1/2
1
2
2
1
1
1
3
3
3
1
3
1
Page 234

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Liquid
(Cont)
Liquid
(Cont)
Contaminants
PCBs (Cont)
PCBs (Cont)
Treatment Type
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption (Cont)
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
(Cont)
Solidification/
Stabilization
Technology
Vendor
KAI Technologies,
Inc./Brown and Root
Environmental
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
SoilTech ATP
Systems, Inc.
Calgon Carbon
Oxidation
Technologies
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Morrison Knudsen
Corp./Spetstaraponazh
geologia
Enterprises/STG
Technologies
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
U.S. Filter/Zimpro
Inc.
U. of Wisconsin -
Madison
Broker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
HNU Systems, Inc.
Sentex Sensing
Technology, inc.
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Gas Technology
Institute
Technology
Radio Frequency Heating
GHEA Associates Process
Anaerobic Thermal Processor
perox-pure™ Chemical Oxidation
Technology
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
High Energy Beam Irradiation
Photocatalytic Water Treatment
Clay-Base Grouting Technology
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Ultraviolet Radiation and
Oxidations
Photoelectrocatalytic Degradation
and Removal
Mobile Environmental Monitor
HNU GC 3 1 ID Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Field Analytical Screening Program
PCB Method
Cement-Lock Technology
Volume
1
2
1
I
1
1/2
1/2
1/2
1
1
1
2
3
3
3
3
3
1
                                            Page 235

-------
                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Liquid
(Cont)
Contaminants

PCP
Pesticides
Pesticides (Cont)
Treatment Type

Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Test Kits
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Hanby Environmental
Laboratory
Procedures, Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
U.S. Filter/Zimpro
Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
BioTrol, Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
KAI Technologies,
Inc./Brown and Root
Environmental
SoilTech ATP
Systems, Inc.
Calgon Carbon
Oxidation
Technologies
CF Systems Corp.
Technology
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
PENTA RISc Test System
Test Kits for Organic Contaminants
in Soil and Water
Cyclone Furnace
Cement-Lock Technology
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Ultraviolet Radiation and Oxidation
PENTA RISc Test System
RaPID Assay®
Biological Aqueous Treatment
System
In Situ Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injections
ZenoGem™ Process
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Radio Frequency heating
Anaerobic Thermal Process
perox-pure™ Chemical Oxidation
Technology
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
Volume
1
3
3
3
1/2
1
2
1
1
3
3
1
3
1
1
1
I
1
1
Page 236

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Liquid
(Cont)
Contaminants

Pesticides (Cont)

Treatment Type

Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
(Cont)
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction

Technology
Vendor
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Morrison Knudsen
Corp ./Spetstamponazh
geologia
Enterprises/STG
Technologies
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
U.S. Filter/Zimpro
Inc.
U. of Wisconsin -
Madison
Broker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Sentex Sensing
Technology, Inc.
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Hanby Environmental
Laboratory Procedure,
Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Technology
High-Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
Photocatalytic Water Treatment
Clay-Base Grouting Technology
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Ultraviolet Radiation and Oxidation
Photoelectrocatalytic Degradation
and Removal
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Field Analytical Screening Program
PCB Method
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
PENTA RISc Test System
Test Kits for Organic Contaminants
in Soil and Water
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Volume
1/2
1/2
1/2
1
1
1
2
3
3
3
3
1
3
3
3
3
1/2
2
                                            Page 237

-------
                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Liquid
(Cont)
Contaminants
Petroleum
Hydrocarbons
Radionuclides
SVOCs
Treatment Type
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Spectrometers
Physical/Chemical
Radioactive Waste
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Technology
Vendor
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory, U. of
Cincinnati, and FRX,
Inc.
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
Calgon Carbon
Oxidation
Technologies
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
SRI Instruments
Horiba Instruments,
Inc.
SiteLAB Corporation
Filter Flow
Technology, Inc.
Atomic Energy of
Canada, Ltd.
Selentec
Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
BioTrol, Inc.
Harding ESE, a
Mactec Co.
New York State Dept.
Of Environmental
Conservation/R.E .
Wright Environmental
Inc.
IT Corporation
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
Technology
Hydraulic Fracturing
GHEA Associates Process
perox-pure™ Chemical Oxidation
Technology
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Infrared Analysis
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
Spectroscopy
Heavy Metals and Radionuclide
Polishing Filter
Chemical Treatment and
Uitrafiltration
Selentec MAG*SEP Technology
Cyclone Furnace
Biological Aqueous Treatment
System
Two-Zone, Plume Interception, In
Situ Treatment Technology
In Situ Bioventing Treatment
System
Oxygen Microbubble In Situ
Bioremediation
ZenoGem™ Process
Volume
1
2
1
1
3
3
3
1
2
1
1/2
1
1/2
1
2
1
Page 238

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Liquid
(Cont)
Contaminants

SVOCs (Cont)

Treatment Type
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)

Portable Gas
Chromatographs

Technology
Vendor
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
KAI Technologies,
Inc. /Brown and Root
Environmental
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
SoilTech ATP
Systems, Inc.
Western Research
Institute
ARS Technologies,
Inc.
Calgon Carbon
Oxidation
Technologies
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Pulse Sciences, Inc.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Terra Vac, Inc.
U. of Wisconsin -
Madison
Roy F. Weston,
Inc./IEG Technologies
Xerox Corp.
Analytical and
Remedial Technology,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Technology
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Radio Frequency Heating
GHEA Associates Process
Anaerobic Thermal Processor
Contained Recovery of Oily Wastes
(CROW™)
Pneumatic Fracturing Extraction™
and Catalytic Oxidation
perox-pure™ Chemical Oxidation
Technology
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High-Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
X-ray Treatment of Aqueous
Solutions
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
In Situ and Ex Situ Vacuum
Extraction
Photoelectrocatalytic Degradation
and Removal
UVB - Vacuum Vaporizing Well
2-PHASE™ EXTRACTION Process
Automated Sampling and
Analytical Platform
Mobile Environmental Monitor

1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
1/2
1/2
2
1
1
2
1
1
3
3
                                           Page 239

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)

Liquid
(Cont)
Contaminants



SVOCs (Cont)
VOCs
Treatment Type

Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Other
Biological
Degradation
Materials Handling
Technology
Vendor
U.S. EPA
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Texaco Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Berkeley
Environmental
Restoration Center
ASC/EMR Wright-
Patterson AFB
Billings and
Associates, Inc.
Bio-Rem, Inc.
BioTrol, Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
New York State Dept.
of Environmental
Conservation/R.E.
Wright
Environmental, Inc.
IT Corporation
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory, U. of
Cincinnati, and FRX,
Inc.
Technology
Field Analytical Screening Program
PCB Method
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
Texaco Gasification process
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
In Situ Steam Enhanced Extraction
Process
Phytoremediation of TCE-
Contaminated Shallow
Groundwater
Subsurface Volatilization and
Ventilation System (SWS®)
Augmented In Situ Subsurface
Bioremediation Process
Biological Aqueous Treatment
System
In Situ Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injection
In Situ Bioventing Treatment
System
Oxygen Microbubble In Situ
Bioremediation
ZenoGem™ Process
Hydraulic Fracturing
Volume
3
1
3
3
1/2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
Page 240

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Liquid
(Cont)
Liquid
(Cont)
Contaminants

VOCs (Cont)
VOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption (Cont)
Physical/Chemical
Treatment

Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Technology
Vendor
Hughes
Environmental
Systems, Inc.
KAI Technologies,
Inc./Brown and Root
Environmental
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
Rochem Separation
Systems, Inc.
SoilTech ATP
Systems, Inc.
Western Research
Institute
ARS Technologies,
Inc.
Arizona State U./
Zentox Corp.
Calgon Carbon
Oxidation
Technologies
CF Systems Corp.
Radian Internationa!
LLC
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
KSE, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Morrison Knudsen
Corp./Spetstamponazh
geologia
Enterprises/STG
Technologies
Pulse Sciences, Inc.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Technology
Steam Enhanced Recovery Process
Radio Frequency Heating
GHEA Associates Process
Rochem Disc Tube™ Module
System
Anaerobic Thermal Processor
Contained Recovery of Oily Wastes
(CROW™)
Pneumatic Fracturing Extraction™
and Catalytic Oxidation
Photocatalytic Oxidation with Air
Stripping
perox-pure™ Chemical Oxidation
Technology
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
Integrated AquaDetox Steam
Vacuum Stripping and Soil Vapor
Extraction/Reinjection
High Energy Electron Irradiation
Adsorption-Integrated-Reaction
Process
Photocatalytic Water Treatment
Clay-Base Grouting Technology
X-ray Treatment of Aqueous
Solutions
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Volume
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
1/2
2
1/2
1
2
1
                                           Page 241

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Liquid
(Cont)
Contaminants

VOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type

Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Other
Technology
Vendor
Terra Vac, Inc.
U.S. Filter/Zimpro
Inc.
U. of Nebraska -
Lincoln
UV Technologies, Inc.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
Roy F. Weston,
Inc./IEG Technologies
Xerox Corp.
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
Bmker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
HNU Systems, Inc.
Photovac Monitoring
Instruments
Sentex Sensing
Technology, Inc.
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Hanby Environmental
Laboratory Procedure,
Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Texaco Inc.
Berkeley
Environmental
Restoration Center
Technology
In Situ and Ex Situ Vacuum
Extraction
Ultraviolet Radiation and Oxidation
Center Pivot Spray Irrigation
System
PhotoCAT™ Process
Ambersorb® 563 Adsorbent
UVB - Vacuum Vaporizing Well
2-PHASE™ EXTRACTION Process
Cross-Flow Pervaporation System
Mobile Environmental Monitor
HNU GC 311D Portable Gas
Chromatograph
PE Photovac Voyager Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Field Analytical Screening Program
PCB Method
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Test Kits for Organic Contaminants
in Soil and Water
RaPID Assay®
Texaco Gasification Process
In Situ Steam Enhanced Extraction
Process
Volume
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
3
3
3
3
3
3
1
3
3
3
1
1
Page 242

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Mine
Tailings
Sediment
Sediment
(Cent)
Contaminants
Other
Heavy Metals
Metals
Organics
Radionuclides
Aromatic VOCs
Aromatic VOCs
(Cont)
Treatment Type
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Thermal
Destruction
Materials Handling
Thermal
Destruction
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Technology
Vendor
North American
Technologies Group,
Inc.
RECRA
Environmental, Inc.
Terra Therm, Inc
U. of South Carolina
Terra Therm, Inc
Terra Therm, Inc
Bio-Rem Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
Grace Bioremediation
Technologies
Gas Technology
Institute
New York State Dept.
Of Environmental
Conservation/ENSR
Consulting and Larsen
Engineers
New York State Dept.
Of Environmental
Conservation/R.E.
Wright
Environmental, Inc.
IT Corporation
U.S. EPA
Biotherm, LLC
Maxymillian
Technologies, Inc.
Novaterra Associates
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
Technology
Oleophilic Amine-Coated Ceramic
Chip
Alternating Electrocoagulation
Technology
In-Situ Thermal Destruction
In Situ Mitigation of Acid Water
In-Situ Thermal Destruction
In-Situ Thermal Destruction
Augmented In Situ Subsurface
Bioremediation Process
In Situ Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injection
DARAMEND™ Bioremediation
Technology
Fluid Extraction - Biological
Degradation Process
Ex Situ Biovault
In Situ Bioventing Treatment
System
Oxygen Microbubble In Situ
Bioremediation
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Carver-Greenfield Process® for
Solvent Extraction of Wet, Oily
Wastes
Thermal Desorption System
In-Situ Soil Treatments (Steam/Air
Stripping)
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Volume
1
2
1
2
1
I
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
                                            Page 243

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                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sediment
(Cont)
Contaminants

Aromatic VOCs
(Cont)
Cyanide
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Technology
Vendor
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
Bergmann, A Division
of Linatex, Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Ionics/Resources
Conservation Co.
IT Corp.
Terra Vac, Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
U.S. EPA
Geo-Con, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc.
Western Product
Recovery Group, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Sonotech, Inc.
Texaco Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Vortec Corp.
Pintail Systems, Inc.
Technology
Low Temperature Thermal
Treatment (LT3®) System
Soil and Sediment Washing
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
Electrokinetic Soil Processing
High Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
High Energy Electron Irradiation
Supercritical Extraction/Liquid
Phase Oxidation
B.E.S.T. Solvent Extraction
Technology
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
hi Situ and Ex Situ Vacuum
Extraction
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Field Analytical Screening Program
PCB Method
In Situ Solidification and
Stabilization Process
Solidification and Stabilization
Coordinate, Chemical Bonding, and
Adsorption Treatment
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Frequency-Tumable Pulse
Combustion System
Texaco Gasification Process
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Oxidation and Vitrification Process
Spent Ore Bioremediation Process
Volume
1
1
1
1
1/2
1/2
2
1
2
1
3
3
1
1
2
3
1
1
2
1
1
Page 244

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sediment
(Cont)
Contaminants

Diesel
Dioxins
Dioxins (Cont)
Treatment Type
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Biological
Degradation
Chemical Thermal
Desorption
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment


Technology
Vendor
E & C Williams, Inc.
Integrated Water
Resources, Inc.
BioTrol, Inc.
Biotherm, LLC
Gas Technology
Institute
U.S. EPA
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
ART International,
Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Ionics/Resources
Conservation Co.
IT Corp.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory and IT
Corp.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory and IT
Corp.
Terra-Kleen Response
Group
Trinity Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Technology
Calsium Sulflde and Calcium
Polysulfide Technologies
Dynamic Underground Stripping of
TCE
Soil Washing System
Biotherm Process™
Fluid Extraction - Biological
Degradation Process
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Thermal Desorption Unit
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Low Temperature Thermal
Treatment (LT3®) System
Low-Energy Extraction Process
(LEEP)
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High Energy Electron Irradiation
B.E.S.T. Solvent Extraction
Technology
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Base-Catalyzed Decomposition
Process
Debris Washing System
Solvent Extraction Treatment
System
PCB- and Organochlorine-
Contaminated Soil Detoxification
Volume
3
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1/2
1
2
1
1
1
2
                                            Page 245

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                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sediment
(Cont)
Contaminants

Dioxins (ContO
Explosives
Furans
Treatment Type
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Desorption
Thermal
Desorption (Cont)
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Biological
Degradation
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Technology
Vendor
Broker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Geosafe Corp.
WASTECH, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Gas Technology
Institute
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Vortec Corp.
Terra Therm, Inc.
U. of Idaho Research
Foundation
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
BioTrol, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
U.S. EPA
ELI Eco Logic
Internationa! Inc.
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
Technology
Mobile Environmental Monitor
In Situ Vitrification
Solidification and Stabilization
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
Reactor Filter system
Fluidized-Bed/Cyclonic
Agglomerating Combustor
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Oxidation and Vitrification Process
In-Situ Thermal Destruction
The SABRE™ Process
GHEA Associates Process
Soil Washing System
Fluid Extraction - Biological
Degradation Process
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Thermal Desorption Unit
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Low Temperature Thermal
Treatment (LT3®) System
Volume
3
1
1
3
3
1/2
2
2
2
I
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
Page 246

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sediment
(Cont)
Contaminants

Furans (Cont)
Treatment Type
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Desorption
Technology
Vendor
ART International,
Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Ionics/Resources
Conservation Co.
IT Corp.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory and IT
Corp.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory and IT
Corp.
Terra-Kleen Response
Group
Trinity Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Geosafe Corp.
WASTECH, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Gas Technology
Institute
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Vortec Corp.
Technology
Low-Energy Extraction Process
(LEEP)
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High Energy Electron Irradiation
B.E.S.T. Solvent Extraction
Technology
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Base-Catalyzed Decomposition
Process
Debris Washing System
Solvent Extraction Treatment
System
PCB- and Organochlorine-
Contaminated Soil Detoxification
Mobile Environmental Monitor
In Situ Vitrification
Solidification and Stabilization
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
Reactor Filter system
Fluidized-Bed/Cyclonic
Agglomerating Combustor
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Oxidation and Vitrification Process
Volume
2
1
1/2
1
2
1
1
1
2
3
1
1
3
3
1/2
2
2
2
1
                                            Page 247

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                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sediment
(Cont)
Contaminants
Gasoline
Halogenated
VOCs
Halogenated
VOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Biological
Degradation
Biological
Degradation (Cont)
Materials Handling
Physical Chemical
Treatment -
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
Integrated Water
Resources Inc.
BioTrol, Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
Grace Bioremediation
Technologies
Gas Technology
Institute
U. of Idaho Research
Foundation
U.S. EPA
Pharmacia
Corporation
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
Maxymillian
Technologies, Inc.
IT Corporation
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
Smith Environmental
Technologies Corp.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
ART International,
Inc.
Bergmann, A Division
of Linatex, Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Technology
Dynamic Underground Stripping of
TCE
Soil Washing System
In Situ Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injection
DARAMEND™ Bioremediation
Technology
Fluid Extraction - Biological
Degradation Process
The SABRE™ Process
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Lasagna™ In Situ Soil
Remediation
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Thermal Desorption Unit
Thermal Desorption System
X*TRAX™ Thermal Desorption
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Low Temperature Thermal Aeration
(LTTA®)
Low Temperature Thermal
Treatment (LT3®) System
Low-Energy Extraction Process
(LEEP)
Soil and Sediment Washing
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High Energy Electron Irradiation
Volume
I
I
2
1
2
1
1
1/2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1/2
Page 248

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sediment
(Cont)
Sediment
(Cont)
Contaminants
Halogenated
VOCs (Cont)
Heavy Metals
Inorganic
Treatment Type
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Solidification/
Stabilization
Thermal
Destruction
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Solidification/
Stabilization
Thermal
Destruction
Technology
Vendor
Ionics/Resources
Conservation Co.
IT Corp.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory and IT
Corp.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Chemfix
Technologies, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Retech, M4
Environmental
Management, Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Vortec Corp.
Geokinetics
International, Inc.
Institute of Gas
Technology
Institute of Gas
Technology
Institute of Gas
Technology
Weiss Associates
Institute of Gas
Technology
Gas Technology
Institute
Technology
B.E.S.T. Solvent Extraction
Technology
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Base-Catalyzed Decomposition
Process
Debris Washing System
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Solidification and Stabilization
Solidification and Stabilization
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
Plasma Arc Vitrification
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Oxidation and Vitrification Process
Electrokinetics for Lead Recovery
Cement-Lock Technology
Cement-Lock Technology
Thermal Sediment Reuse
Technology
Electro Chemical Remediation
Technologies
Cement-Lock Technology
Cement-Lock Technology
Volume
1
2
1
1
3
1
1
3
3
1/2
1
2
1
1
I
1
1
1
1
I
                                            Page 249

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                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sediment
(Cont)
Contaminants

Mercury
Metals
Metals (Cont)
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Biological
Degradation
Field Portable X-
ray Fluorescence
Materials Handling
Physical Chemical
Treatment -
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
Gas Technology
Institute
Weiss Associates
Geo-Microbial
Technologies, Inc.
Edenspace, Inc.
Pintail Systems, Inc.
Pintail Systems, Inc.
NITON Corp.
Edax Portable
Products Division
Corp.
Thermo Measure Tech
AEA Technology,
PLC, National
Environmental
Technology Centre
Montana College of
Mineral Science and
Technology
U.S. EPA
U. of South Carolina
Pharmacia
Corporation
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
Bergmann, A Division
of Linatex, Inc.
BioGenesis
Enterprises, Inc.
COGNIS, Inc.
Concurrent
Technologies
Technology
Thermal Sediment Reuse
Technology
Electro Chemical Remediation
Technologies
Metals Release and Removal from
Wastes
Phytoremediation Technology
Biomineralization of Metals
Spent ore Bioremediation Process
XL Spectrum Analyzer
Metal Analysis Probe (MAP®)
Portable Assayer
9000 X-Ray Fluorescence Analyzer
and Lead X-Ray Fluorescence
Analyzer
Soil Separation and Washing
Process
Campbell Centrifugal Jig
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
In Situ Mitigation of Acid Water
Lasagna™ In Situ Soil
Remediation
GHEA Associates Process
Soil and Sediment Washing
BioGenesis™ Soil and Sediment
Washing
Chemical Treatment
Acid Extraction Treatment System
Volume
1
1
1
1
2
1
3
3
3
2
2
1
2
1/2
2
1
1
. 1
2
Page 250

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sediment
(Cont)
Contaminants

Metals (Cont)
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Solidification/
Stabilization
Technology
Vendor
Dynaphore, Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
E & C Williams, Inc.
Geokinetics
International, Inc.
General Atomics,
Nuclear Remediation
Technologies Div.
IT Corp.
IT Corp.
IT Corp.
Lockheed Martin
Missiles and Space
Co. And Geokinetics
International, Inc.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory and IT
Corp.
Selentec
Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Toronto Harbor
Commission
Chemfix
Technologies, Inc.
Ferro Corp.
EmTech
Environmental
Services
Geo-Con, Inc.
Geosafe Corp.
Institute of Gas
Technology
Sevenson
Environmental
Services, Inc.
Technology
FORAGER® Sponge
Electrokinetic Soil Processing
Calsium Sulfide and Calcium
Polysulfide Technologies
Electrokinetic Remediation Process
Acoustic Barrier Particulate
Separator
Batch Steam Distillation and Metal
Extraction
Chelation/Electrodeposition of
Toxic Metals from Soils
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Electrokinetic Remediation Process
Debris Washing System
Selentec MAG* SEP Technology
Soil Recycling
Solidification and Stabilization
Waste Vitrification Through
Electric Melting
Dechlorination and Immobilization
In Situ Solidification and
Stabilization Process
In Situ Vitrification
Cement-Lock Technology
MAECTITE® Chemical Treatment
Process
Volume
1
1
3
1
2
2
2
2
1
I
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
                                           Page 251

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                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Sediment
(Cont)
Contaminants

Metals (Cont)
Organics
PAHs
Treatment Type

Thermal
Destruction
Thermal
Destruction (Cont)
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Thermal
Destruction
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Technology
Vendor
Soliditech, Inc.
SOLUCORP
Industries
STC Remediation, A
Division of Omega
Environmental, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc.
Western Product
Recovery Group, Inc.
Wheelabrator
Technologies Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
Horsehead Resource
Development Co., Inc.
Minergy Corp.
Retech, M4
Environmental
Management, Inc.
Vortec Corp.
Weiss Associates
Gas Technology
Institute
Terra Therm, Inc.
Gruppo Italimpresse
Ecova Corp.
Technology
Solidification and Stabilization
Molecular Bonding System
Organic Stabilization and Chemical
Fixation/ Solidification
Solidification and Stabilization
Coordinate, Chemical Bonding, and
Adsorption Treatment
WES-PHix® Stabilization Process
Cyclone Furnace
Hybrid Fluidized Bed System
Reactor Filter System
Cement-Lock Technology
Fluidized-Bed/Cyclonic
Agglomerating Combustor
Flame Reactor
Glass Furnace Technology for
Dredged Sediments
Plasma Arc Vitrification Combustor
Oxidation and Vitrification Process
Electro Chemical Remediation
Technologies
Thermal Sediment Reuse
Technology
In-Situ Thermal Destruction
Infrared Thermal Destruction
Bioslurry Reactor
Volume
1
1
1
1
2
1
1/2
2
2
1
2
I
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
I
Page 252

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sediment
(Cont)
Contaminants

PAHs (Cont)
PCBs
Treatment Type

Chemical Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Chemical Thermal
Desorption
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Technology
Vendor
Gas Technology
Institute
Remediation
Technologies, Inc.
Biotherm, LLC
Maxymillian
Technologies, Inc.
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
Bergmann, a Division
ofLinatex, Inc.
BioGenesis
Enterprises, Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Terra Therm, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
Integrated Water
Resources, Inc.
Phytokinetics, Inc.
Biotherm, LLC
U.S. EPA
Biotherm, LLC
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
KAI Technologies,
Inc./ Brown and Root
Environmental
Technology
Fluid Extraction - Biological
Degradation Process
Liquid and Solids Biological
Treatment
Biothrem Process™
Thermal Desorption and Vapor
Extraction System
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Soil and Sediment Washing
BioGenesis™ Soil and Sediment
Washing Process
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Thermal Sediment Reuse
Technology
In-Situ Thermal Destruction
Chemical and Biological Treatment
Fluid Extraction - Biological
Degradation Process
Dynamic Underground Stripping of
TCE
Phytoremediation Process
Biothrem Process™
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Carver-Greenfield Process® for
Solvent Extraction of Wet, Oily
Wastes
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Thermal Desorption Unit
Radio Frequency Heating
Volume
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
I
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
                                            Page 253

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                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sediment
(Cont)
Contaminants

PCBs (Cont)
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
IT Corporation
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
ART International,
Inc.
Bergmann, A Division
of Linatex, Inc.
BioGenesis
Enterprises, Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
Commodore
Environmental
Services, Inc.
General Atomics
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Ionics/Resources
Conservation Co.
IT Corp.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory and IT
Corp.
State U. of New York
at Oswego,
Environmental
Research Center
Terra-Kleen Response
Group, Inc.
Technology
GHEA Associates Process
X*TRAX™ Thermal Desorption
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Low Temperature Thermal
Treatment (LT3®) System
Low-Energy Extraction Process
(LEEP)
Soil and Sediment Washing
BioGenesis™ Soil and Sediment
Washing Process
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
Solvated Electron Remediation
System
Circulating Bed Combustor
High Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
High Energy Electron Irradiation
B.E.S.T. Solvent Extraction
Technology
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Base-Catalyzed Decomposition
Process
Debris Washing System
Photocatalytic Degradation of PCB-
Contaminated Sediments and
Waters
Solvent Extraction Treatment
System
Volume
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
I
1
1/2
1/2
I
2
1
1
2
1
Page 254

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sediment
(Cont)
Sediment
(Cont)
Contaminants

PCBs (Cont)
PCBs (Cont)
Treatment Type

Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Thermal
Destruction (Cont)
Technology
Vendor
Trinity Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
U.S. EPA
Chemfix
Technologies, Inc.
EmTech
Environmental
Services
Gas Technology
Institute
Geo-Con, Inc.
Geosafe Corp.
Minergy
Soliditech, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Millipore Corporation
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics
Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
Technology
PCB- and Organochlorine-
Contaminated Soil Detoxification
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Field Analytical Screening Program
PCB Method
Solidification and Stabilization
Dechlorination and Immobilization
Cement-Lock Technology
In Situ Solidification and
Stabilization Process
In Situ Vitrification
Thermal Sediment Reuse
Technology
Solidification and Stabilization
Solidification and Stabilization
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
EnviroGard™ PCP Immunoassay
Test Kit
EnSys Penta Test System
EnviroGard(TM) PCB
Immunoassay Test Kit
Cyclone Furnace
Hybrid Fluidized Bed System
Cement-Lock Technology
Fluidized-Bed/Cydonic
Agglomerating Combustor
Thermal Sediment Reuse
Technology
Volume
2
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
3
1/2
2
1
2
1
                                            Page 255

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                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sediment
(Cont)
Contaminants

PCP
Pesticides
Pesticides (Cont)
Treatment Type

Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Test Kits
Biological
Degradation
Biological
Degradation (Cont)
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Technology
Vendor
Minergy Corp.
Retech, M4
Environmental
Management, Inc.
Terra Therm, Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Vortec Corp.
Remediation
Technologies, Inc.
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
Trinity Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
BioTrol, Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
Grace Bioremediation
Technologies
Phytokinetics, Inc.
U.S. EPA
Biotherm, LLC
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
Technology
Glass Furnace Technology for
Dredged Sediments
Plasma Arc Vitrification
In-Situ Thermal Destruction
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Oxidation and Vitrification Process
Liquid and Solids Biological
Treatment
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
PCB- and Organochlorine-
Contaminated Soil Detoxification
ENSYS Penta Test System
RaPID Assay®
Soil Washing System
In Situ Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injection
Chemical and Biological Treatment
Fluid Extraction - Biological
Degradation Process
DARAMEND™ Bioremediation
Technology
Phytoremediation Process
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Carver-Greenfield Process® for
Solvent Extraction of Wet, Oily
Wastes
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Thermal Desorption Unit
Volume
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
3
3
1
2
2
2
1
1
I
1
1
I
Page 256

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Sediment
(Cont)
Contaminants

Pesticides (Cont)
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Technology
Vendor
KAI Technologies,
Inc./ Brown and Root
Environmental
IT Corporation
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
Smith Environmental
Technologies Corp.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
ART International,
Inc.
Bergmann, A Division
of Linatex, Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
Commodore
Environmental
Services, Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
General Atomics
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Ionics/Resources
Conservation Co.
IT Corp.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory and IT
Corp.
State U. of New York
at Oswego,
Environmental
Research Center
Technology
Radio Frequency Heating
X*TRAX™ Thermal Desorption
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Low Temperature Thermal Aeration
(LTTA®)
Low Temperature Thermal
Treatment (LT3®) System
Low-Energy Extraction Process
(LEEP)
Soil and Sediment Washing
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
Solvated Electron Remediation
System
Electrokinetic Soil Processing
Circulating Bed Combustor
High Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
High Energy Electron Irradiation
B.E.S.T. Solvent Extraction
Technology
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Base-Catalyzed Decomposition
Process
Debris Washing System
Photocatalytic Degradation of PCB-
Contaminated Sediments and
Waters
Volume
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1/2
1/2
1
2
1
1
2
                                            Page 257

-------
                     APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sediment
(Cont)
Contaminants

Pesticides (Cont)
Petroleum
Hydrocarbons
Treatment Type

Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Technology
Vendor
Terra-Kleen Response
Group, Inc.
Trinity Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
U.S. EPA
Chemfix
Technologies, Inc.
EmTech
Environmental
Services
Geo-Con, Inc.
Geosafe Corp.
Soliditech, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Gas Technology
Institute
Retech, M4
Environmental
Management, Inc.
Terra Therm, Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Vortec Corp.
Ecova Corp.
Technology
Solvent Extraction Treatment
System
PCB- and Organochlorine-
Contaminated Soil Detoxification
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Field Analytical Screening Program
PCB Method
Solidification and Stabilization
Dechlorination and Immobilization
hi Situ Solidification and
Stabilization Process
In Situ Vitrification
Solidification and Stabilization
Solidification and Stabilization
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
EnSys Penta Test System
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
Hybrid Fluidized Bed System
Fluidized-Bed/Cyclonic
Agglomerating Combustor
Plasma Arc Vitrification
In-Situ Thermal Destruction
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Oxidation and Vitrification Process
Bioslurry Reactor
Volume
1
2
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
1/2
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
Page 258

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Sediment
(Cont)
Contaminants

Radionuclides
Radionuclides
(Cont)
SVOCs
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Thermal
Destruction
Solidification/
Stabilization
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Solidification/
Stabilization
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Technology
Vendor
Remediation
Technologies, Inc.
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
Smith Environmental
Technologies Corp.
Terra Therm, Inc.
Soliditech, Inc.
Eberline Services
Bergmann, A Division
of Linatex, Inc.
IT Corp.
Selentec
Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Sevenson
Environmental
Services, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
BioTrol, Inc.
Ecova Corp.
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
Grace Bioremediation
Technologies
IT Corp.
New York State Dept.
Of Environmental
Conservation/ENSR
Consulting and Larsen
Engineers
Technology
Liquid and Solids Biological
Treatment
GHEA Association process
Low Temperature Thermal Aeration
(LTTA®)
In-Situ Thermal Destruction
Solidification and Stabilization
Segmented Gate System
Soil and Sediment Washing
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Selentec MAG*SEP Technology
MAECTITE® Chemical Treatment
Process
Solidification and Stabilization
Cyclone Furnace
Soil Washing System
Bioslurry Reactor
Chemical and Biological Treatment
Fluid Extraction - Biological
Degradation Process
DARAMEND™ Bioremediation
Technology
Tekno Associates Bioslurry Reactor
Ex Situ Biovault
Volume
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
1/2
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
                                            Page 259

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                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sediment
(Com)
Contaminants

SVOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type

Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
New York State Dept.
Of Environmental
Conservation/R.E .
Wright
Environmental, Inc.
IT Corporation
Remediation
Technologies, Inc.
U.S. EPA
Biotherm, LLC
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
KAI Technologies,
Inc. /Brown and Root
Environmental
Maxymillian
Technologies, Inc.
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
NOVATERRA
Associates
IT Corporation
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
Smith Environmental
Technologies Corp.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
Bergmann, A Division
of Linatex, Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Technology
In Situ Bioventing Treatment
System
Oxygen Microbubble In Situ
Bioremediation
Liquid and Solids Biological
Treatment
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression methods
Carver-Greenfield Process® for
Solvent Extraction of Wet, Oily
Wastes
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Thermal Desorption Unit
Radio Frequency Heating
Thermal Desorption System
GHEA Association process
In-Situ Soil Treatments (Steam/Air
Stripping)
X*TRAX™ Thermal Desorption
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Low Temperature Thermal Aeration
(LTTA®)
Low Temperature Thermal
Treatment (LT3®) System
Soil and Sediment Washing
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
Electrokinetic Soil Processing
High Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
Volume
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1/2
Page 260

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sediment
(Cont)
Contaminants

SVOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Technology
Vendor
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Ionics/Resources
Conservation Co.
IT Corp.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory and IT
Corp.
Terra-Kleen Response
Group, Inc.
Terra Vac, Inc.
Toronto Harbor
Commission
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
U.S. EPA
Chemfix
Technologies, Inc.
Geo-Con, Inc.
STC Remediation, a
Division of Omega
Environmental, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc.
Western Product
Recovery Group, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Technology
High Energy Electron Irradiation
B.E.S.T. Solvent Extraction
Technology
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Base-Catalyzed Decomposition
Process
Debris Washing System
Solvent Extraction Treatment
System
In Situ and Ex Situ Vacuum
Extraction
Soil Recycling.
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Field Analytical Screening Program
PCB Method
Solidification and Stabilization
In Situ Solidification and
Stabilization Process
Organic Stabilization and Chemical
Fixation/ Solidification
Solidification and Stabilization
Coordinate, Chemical Bonding, and
Adsorption Treatment
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
Fluidized-Bed/Cyclonic
Agglomerating Combustor
Volume
1/2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
1
1
I
1
2
3
3
1/2
2
                                            Page 261

-------
                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sediment
(Cont)
Sediment
(Cont)
Contaminants
SVOCs (Cont)
VOCs
VOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type
Thermal
Destruction (Cont)
Biological
Degradation
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption (Cont)
Technology
Vendor
Sonotech, Inc.
Terra Therm, Inc.
Texaco Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Vortec Corp.
Bio-Rem, Inc.
Ecova Corp.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
New York State Dept.
Of Environmental
Conservation/ENSR
Consulting and Larsen
Engineers
New York State Dept.
Of En vironmental
Conservation/R.E .
Wright
Environmental, Inc.
IT Corporation
Phytokinetics, Inc.
AEA Technology,
PLC, National
Environmental
Technology Centre
U.S. EPA
Biotherm, LLC
KAI Technologies,
Inc./Brown and Root
Environmental
Maxymillian
Technologies, Inc.
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
Technology
Frequency-Tunable Pulse
Combustion System
In-Situ Thermal Destruction
Texaco Gasification Process
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Oxidation and Vitrification Process
Augmented In Situ Subsurface
Bioremediation Process
Bioslurry Reactor
In Situ Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injection
Ex Situ Biovault
In Situ Bioventing Treatment
System
Oxygen Microbubble In Situ
Bioremediation
Phytoremediation Process
Soil Separation and Washing
Process
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression methods
Carver-Greenfield Process® for
Solvent Extraction of Wet, Oily
Wastes
Radio Frequency Heating
Thermal Desorption System
GHEA Association process
Volume
1
1
1
2
I
1
1
2
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
Page 262

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sediment
(Cont)
Contaminants

VOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Solidification/
Stabilization
(Cont)
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Technology
Vendor
NOVATERRA
Associates
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
Smith Environmental
Technologies Corp.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Ionics/Resources
Conservation Co.
IT Corp.
IT Corp.
Terra-Kleen Response
Group, Inc.
Terra Vac, Inc.
Broker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
U.S. EPA
Geo-Con, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc.
Western Product
Recovery Group, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Technology
In-Situ Soil Treatments (Steam/Air
Stripping)
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Low Temperature Thermal Aeration
(LTTA®)
Low Temperature Thermal
Treatment (LT3®) System
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High Energy Electron Irradiation
Supercritical Extraction/Liquid
Phase Oxidation
B.E.S.T. Solvent Extraction
Technology
Batch Steam Distillation and Metal
Extraction
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Solvent Extraction Treatment
System
In Situ and Ex Situ Vacuum
Extraction
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Field Analytical Screening Program
PCB Method
In Situ Solidification and
Stabilization Process
Solidification and Stabilization
Coordinate, Chemical Bonding, and
Adsorption Treatment
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
RaPID Assay®
Hybrid Fluidized Bed System
Volume
I
1
1
1
1
1/2
2
1
2
2
1
1
3
3
1
1
2
3
3
2
                                            Page 263

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                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Sludge
Sludge
(Cont)
Contaminants

Other
Not Applicable
Aromatic VOCs
Aromatic VOCs
(Cont)

Treatment Type

Samplers
Solidification/
Stabilization
Sampler
Biological
Degradation
Biological
Degradation (Cont)


Materials Handling
Technology
Vendor
Gas Technology
Institute
Retech, M4
Environmental
Management, Inc.
Sonotech, Inc.
Texaco Inc.
Vortec Corp.
Aquatic Research
Instruments
STC Remediation, A
Division of Omega
Environmental, Inc.
U.S. EPA NRMRL
Art's Manufacturing
and Supply
Bio-Rem, Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
Grace Bioremediation
Technologies
Gas Technology
Institute
New York State of
Dept. of
Environmental
Conservation/ENSR
Consulting and Larsen
Engineers
New York State Dept.
of Environmental
Conservation/R.E.
Wright
Environmental, Inc.
IT Corp.
United States
Environmental
Protection Agency
Technology
Fluidized-Bed/Cyclonic
Agglomerating Combustor
Plasma Arc Vitrification
Frequency-Tunable Pulse
Combustion System
Texaco Gasification Process
Oxidation and Vitrification Process
Sediment Core Sampler
Organic Stabilization and Chemical
Fixation/Solidification
Alternative Cover Assessment
Program
Sediment Core Sampler
Augmented In Situ Subsurface
Bioremediation Process
In Situ Bioremediation By
Electrokinetic Injection
DARAMEND™ Bioremediation
Technology
Fluid Extraction - Biological
Degradation Process
Ex Situ Biovault
In Situ Bioventing Treatment
System
Oxygen Microbubble In Situ
Bioremediation
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Volume
2
I
1
1
1
3
I
1
3
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
Page 264

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sludge
(Cont)
Contaminants
Aromatic VOCs
(Cont)
Treatment Type
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Thermal
Destruction
Technology
Vendor
Biotherm, LLC
Maxymillian
Technologies, Inc.
Novaterra Associates
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
Smith Environmental
Technologies Corp.
CF Systems Corp.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Ionics RCC
IT Corp.
Terra Vac, Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
United States
Environmental
Protection Agency
Geo-Con, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc.
Western Product
Recovery Group, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Sonotech, Inc.
Texaco, Inc.
Technology
Biotherm Process™
Thermal Desorption System
In-Situ Soil Treatments (Steam/Air
Stripping)
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Low Temperature Thermal Aeration
(LTTA®)
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
Electrokinetic Soil Processing
High-Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
Supercritical Extraction/Liquid
Phase Oxidation
B.E.S.T. Solvent Extraction
Technology
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
In Situ and Ex Situ Vacuum
Extraction
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Field Analytical Screening Program
- PCB Method
In Situ Solidification and
Stabilization Process
Solidification/Stabilization
Coordinate, Chemical Bonding, and
Absorption Treatment
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Frequency-Tunable Pulse
Combustion System
Texaco Gasification Process
Volume
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
2
1
2
1
3
3
1
1
2
3
1
1
                                             Page 265

-------
                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Sludge
(Cont)
Contaminants

Cyanide
Dioxins
Dioxins (Cont)
Treatment Type

Biological
Degradation
Biological
Degradation
Chemical Thermal
Desorption
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption (Cont)
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Vortec Corp.
Pintail Systems, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Biotherm, LLC
U.S. EPA
ELI Eco Logic Inc.
ELI Eco Logic
International Inc.
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
ART International,
Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Ionics RCC
IT Corp.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory
Terra-Kleen Response
Group, Inc.
Trinity Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Technology
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Vitrification Process
Spent Ore Bioremediation Process
Fluid Extraction - Biological
Degradation Process
Biotherm Process™
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Thermal Desorption Unit
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Low Temperature Thermal
Treatment (LT3®) Systems
Low-Energy Extraction Process
(LEEP)
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
B.E.S.T. Solvent Extraction
Technology
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Base-Catalyzed Decomposition
Process
Debris Washing System
Solvent Extraction Treatment
System
PCB- and Organochlorine-
Contaminated Soil Detoxification
Volume
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
I
1
I
2
Page 266

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Sludge
(Cont)
Contaminants

Dioxins (Cont)
Explosives
Halogenated
VOCs
Treatment Type
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Thermal
Destruction
Thermal
Destruction (Cont)
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Solidification/
Stabilization
Thermal
Desorption
Biological
Degradation
Technology
Vendor
Broker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Geosafe Corp.
WASTECH, Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Gas Technology
Institute
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Vortec Corp.
U. of Idaho Research
Foundation
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
Retech, Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Gas Technology
Institute
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Vortec Corp.
Bio-Rem, Inc.
New York State Dept.
of Environmental
Conservation/ENSR
Consulting and Larsen
Engineers
Technology
Mobile Environmental Monitor
GeoMelt Vitrification
Solidification/Stabilization
Cyclone Furnace
Reactor Filter System
Fluidized-BedVCyclonic
Agglomerating Combustor
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Vitrification Process
The SABRE™ Process
GHEA Associates Process
Plasma Heat
Cyclone Furnace
Reactor Filter System
Fluidized-Bed/Cyclonic
Agglomerating Combustor
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Vitrification Process
Augmented In Situ Subsurface
Bioremediation Process
Ex Situ Biovault
Volume
3
1
1
1/2
2
2
2
1
1
2
1
1/2
2
2
2
1
1
1
                                            Page 267

-------
                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sludge
(Cont)
Contaminants
Halogenated
VOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type

Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Treatment -
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment

Technology
Vendor
New York State Dept.
of Environmental
Conservation/R.E.
Wright
Environmental, Inc.
IT Corp.
United States
Environmental
Protection Agency
Lasagna™ Public-
Private Partnership
KAI Technologies,
Inc./Brown and Root
Environmental
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
NOVATERRA
Associates
IT Corporation
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
Commodore
Environmental
Services, Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Ionics RCC
IT Corp.
Technology
In Situ Bioventing Treatment
System
Oxygen Microbubble In Situ
Bioremediation
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Lasagna™ In Situ Soil Remediation
Radio Frequency Heating
GHEA Associates Process
In-Situ Soil Treatments (Steam/Air
Stripping)
X*TRAX™ Thermal Desorption
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Low Temperature Thermal
Treatment (LT3®) System
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
Solvated Electron Remediation
System
Electrokinetic Soil Processing
High-Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
Supercritical Extraction/Liquid
Phase Oxidation
B.E.S.T. Solvent Extraction
Technology
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Volume
1,
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
I
1
2
1
2
1
2
Page 268

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Sludge
(Cont)
















Sludge
(Cont)

Contaminants

Halogenated
VOCs (Cont)









Heavy Metals




Heavy Minerals

Herbicides

Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs

Solidification/
Stabilization

Spectrometers
Thermal
Destruction



Field Portable X-
Ray Fluorescence
Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Solidification/
Stabilization
Thermal
Destruction
Materials Handling
Solidification/
Stabilization
Biological
Degradation

Technology
Vendor
Terra Vac, Inc.
Trinity Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
United States
Environmental
Protection Agency
Geo-Con, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Texaco, Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Vortec Corp.
HNU Systems, Inc.
Concurrent
Technologies
Active Environmental,
Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
Montana College of
Mineral Science and
Technology
Retech, Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
Grace Bioremediation
Technologies
Technology
In Situ and Ex Situ Vacuum
Extraction
PCB- and Organochlorine-
Contaminated Soil Detoxification
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Field Analytical Screening Program
- PCB Method
In Situ Solidification and
Stabilization Process
Solidification/Stabilization
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Hybrid Fluidized Bed System
Texaco Gasification Process
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Vitrification Process
HNU Source Excited Fluorescence
Analyzer-Portable (SEFA-P) X-Ray
Fluorescence Analyzer
Organic Destruction and Metal
Stabilization
TechXtract® Decontamination
Process
Cement-Lock Technology
Cement-Lock Technology
Campbell Centrifugal Jig
Plasma Heat
In Situ Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injection
DARAMEND™ Bioremediation
Technology
Volume
1
2
3
3
1
1
3
2
1
2
1
3
1
1
1
I
2
1
2
1
                                            Page 269

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                     APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media















Sludge
(Cont)



Contaminants















Herbicides
(Cont)



Treatment Type


Materials Handling
Physical Chemical
Treatment -
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal






Physical/Chemical
Treatment



Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)


Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Technology
Vendor
Gas Technology
Institute
U. of Idaho Research
Foundation
U.S. EPA
Lasagna™ Public -
Private Partnership
ELI Eco Logic Inc.
ELI Eco Logic Inc.
Maxymillian
Technologies, Inc.
IT Corporation
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
Smith Environmental
Technologies Corp.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
ART International,
Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Ionics RCC
IT Corp.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory and IT
Corp.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Technology
Fluid Extraction - Biological
Degradation Process
The SABRE™ Process
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Lasagna™ In Situ Soil Remediation
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Thermal Desorption Unit
Thermal Desorption System
X*TRAX™ Thermal Desorption
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Low Temperature Thermal Aeration
(LTTA3)
Low Temperature Thermal
Treatment (LT3®)
Low-Energy Extraction Process
(LEEP)
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SC) Technology
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
B.E.S.T. Solvent Extraction
Technology
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Base-Catalyzed Decomposition
Process
Debris Washing System
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Volume
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
3
Page 270

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sludge
(Cont)
Contaminants

Inorganics
Mercury
Metals

Treatment Type
Solidification/
Stabilization
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Field Portable X-
Ray Fluorescence
Solidification/
Stabilization
Thermal
Destruction
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Solidification/
Stabilization
Biological
Degradation
Field Portable X-
Ray Fluorescence
Materials Handling
Technology
Vendor
Chemfix
Technologies, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc. Corp
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Vortec Corp.
HNU Systems, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Retech., Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Active Environmental
Inc.
Geokinetics
Retech, Inc.
Geo-Microbial
Technologies, Inc.
Phytotech
Pintail Systems, Inc.
Pintail Systems, Inc.
HNU Systems, Inc.
NITON Corp.
TN Spectrace
AEA Technology
Environment
Technology
Solidification and Stabilization
Solidification and Stabilization
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Vitrification Process
HNU Source Excited Fluorescence
Analyzer-Portable (SEFA-P)
Cement-Lock Technology
Plasma Heat
Cement-Lock Technology
TechXtract® Decontamination
Process
Electrokinetics for NSFO
Mobilization
Plasma Heat
Metals Release & Removal from
Waste
Phytoremediation Technology
Biomineralization of Metals
Spent Ore Bioremediation Process
HNU Source Excited Fluorescence
Analyzer-Portable (SEFA-P) X-Ray
Fluorescence Analyzer
XL Spectrum Analyzer
9000 X-Ray Fluorescence Analyzer
and Lead X-Ray Fluorescence
Analyzer
Soil Separation and Washing
Process
Volume
1
1
3
1/2
2
I
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
I
3
3
3
2
                                           Page 271

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sludge
(Cont)
Contaminants

Metals (Cont)
Treatment Type

Physical Chemical
Treatment -
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Solidification/
Stabilization
Technology
Vendor
Montana College of
Mineral Science and
Technology
United States
Environmental
Protection Agency
U. of South Carolina
Lasagna™ Public-
Private Partnership
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
BioGenesis
Enterprises, Inc.
Center for Hazardous
Materials Research
COGNIS, Inc.
Dynaphore, Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
General Atomics,
Nuclear Remediation
Technologies Division
IT Corp.
IT Corp.
IT Corp.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory and IT
Corp.
Selentec
Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Toronto Harbor
Commission
Chemfix
Technologies, Inc.
Technology
Campbell Centrifugal Jig
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
In Situ Mitigation of Acid Water
Lasagna™ In Situ Soil Remediation
GHEA Associates Process
BioGenesisSM Soil & Sediment
Washing Process
Acid Extraction Treatment System
TERRAMET Soil Remediation
System
FORAGER® Sponge
Electrokinetic Soil Processing
Acoustic Barrier Paniculate
Separator
Batch Steam Distillation and Metal
Extraction
Chelation/Electrodeposition of
Toxic Metals from Soils
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Debris Washing System
Selentec MAG* SEP Technology
Soil Recycling
Solidification and Stabilization
Volume
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
Page 272

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sludge
(Cont)
Contaminants

Metals (Cont)
Treatment Type

Solidification/
Stabilization
(Cont)
Thermal
Destruction
Technology
Vendor
Ferro Corp.
Funderburk &
Associates
Geo-Con, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Geosafe Corp.
Metso Minerals
Industries, Inc.
Rocky Mountain
Remediation Services,
LLC
Sevenson
Environmental
Services, Inc.
Soliditech, Inc.
Star Organics, LLC
STC Remediation, A
Division of Omega
Environmental, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc.
Western Product
Recovery Group, Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
Horsehead Resource
Development Co., Inc.
Technology
Waste Vitrification through Electric
Melting
Dechlorination and Immobilization
In Situ Solidification and
Stabilization Process
Cement-Lock Technology
GeoMelt Vitrification
Pyrkiln Thermal Encapsulation
Process
Envirobond Solution
MAECTITE® Chemical Treatment
Process
Solidification and Stabilization
Soil Rescue Remediation Fluid
Organic Stabilization and Chemical
Fixation/ Solidification
Solidification and Stabilization
Coordinate, Chemical Bonding, and
Absorption Treatment
Cyclone Furnace
Hybrid Fluidized Bed System
Reactor Filter System
Cement-Lock Technology
FIuidized-Bed/Cyclonic
Agglomerating Combustor
Flame Reactor
Volume
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1/2
2
2
I
2
1
                                            Page 273

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sludge
(Cont)
Contaminants

Organics
Organics (ContO
PAHs
PCBs
Treatment Type

Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Solidification/
Stabilization
Solidification/
Stabilization
(Cont)
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Chemical
Treatment
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Biological
Degradation
Chemical Thermal
Desorption
Materials Handling
Technology
Vendor
PSI Technologies, A
Division of Physical
Sciences Inc.
Vortec Corp.
Concurrent
Technologies
Geokintetics
Gas Technology
Institute
Retech, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Ecova Corp.
Gas Technology
Institute
Remediation
Technologies, Inc.
Biotherm, LLC
Maxymillian
Technologies, Inc.
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
BioGenesis
Enterprises, Inc.
Broker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
Biotherm, LLC
United States
Environmental
Protection Agency
Technology
Metals Immobilization and
Decontamination of Aggregate
Solids
Vitrification Process
Organic Destruction & Metals
Stabilization
Electrokinetics for NSFO
Mobilization
Cement-Lock Technology
Plasma Heat
Cement-Lock Technology
Bioslurry Reactor
Fluid Extraction - Biological
Degradation process
Liquid and Solids Biological
Treatment
Biotherm Process™
Thermal Desorption System
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
BioGenesis8" Soil & Sediment
Washing Process
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Chemical and Biological Treatment
Fluid Extraction - Biological
Degradation Process
Biothenn Process™
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Volume
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
1
Page 274

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sludge
(Cont)
Sludge
(Cont)
Contaminants

PCBs (Cont)
PCBs (Cont)
Treatment Type
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desoiption (Cont)
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Technology
Vendor
Biotherm, LLC
ELI Eco Logic Inc.
ELI Eco Logic, Inc.
KAI Technologies,
IncTBrown and Root
Environmental
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
IT Corporation
Remediation Services
Corp.
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
ART International,
Inc.
BioGenesis
Enterprises, Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
Commodore
Environmental
Service, Inc.
General Atomics
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Ionics RCC
IT Corp.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory and IT
Corp.
Technology
Biotherm Process™
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Thermal Desorption Unit
Radio Frequency Heating
GHEA Associates Process
X*TRAX™ Thermal Desorption
Desoiption and Vapor Extraction
System
Low Temperature Thermal
Treatment (LT3®) System
Low-Energy Extraction Process
(LEEP)
BioGenesisSM Soil & Sediment
Washing Process
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
Solvated Electron Remediation
System
Circulating Bed Combustor
High Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
B.E.S.T. Solvent Extraction
Technology
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Base-Catalyzed Decomposition
Process
Debris Washing System
Volume
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
I
2
1
1
2
1
1
                                           Page 275

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sludge
(Cont)
Contaminants

PCBs (Cont)
Treatment Type

Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Thermal
Destruction (Cont)
Technology
Vendor
State U. of New York
at Oswego,
Environmental
Research Center
Terra-Kleen Response
Group, Inc.
Trinity Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
United States
Environmental
Protection Agency
Chemfix
Technologies, Inc.
Funderburk &
Associates
Gas Technology
Institute
Geo-Con Inc.
Geosafe Corp.
Soliditech, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Vortec Corp.
Technology
Electrochemical Peroxidation of
PCB-Contaminated Sediments and
Waters
Solvent Extraction Treatment
System
PCB- and Organochlorine-
Contaminated Soil Detoxification
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Field Analytical Screening Program
- PCB Method
Solidification and Stabilization
Dechlorination and Immobilization
Cement-Lock Technology
In Situ Solidification and
Stabilization Process
GeoMelt Vitrification
Solidification and Stabilization
Solidification and Stabilization
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Ensys Penta Test System
Cyclone Furnace
Hybrid Fluidized Bed System
Cement Lock Technology
Fluidized-Bed/Cyclonic
Agglomerating Combustor
Photbthermal Detoxification Unit
Vitrification Process
Volume
2
1
2
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
1/2
2
1
2
2
1
Page 276

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sludge
(Cont)
Contaminants

PCBs (Cont)
Treatment Type

Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Thermal
Destruction (Cont)



Technology
Vendor
State U. of New York
at Oswego,
Environmental
Research Center
Terra-Kleen Response
Group, Inc.
Trinity Environmental
, Technologies, Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
United States
Environmental
Protection Agency
Chemfix
Technologies, Inc.
Funderburk &
Associates
Gas Technology
Institute
Geo-Con Inc.
Geosafe Corp.
Soliditech, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Vortec Corp.
Technology
Electrochemical Peroxidation of
PCB-Contaminated Sediments and
Waters
Solvent Extraction Treatment
System
PCB- and Organochlorine-
Contaminated Soil Detoxification
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Field Analytical Screening Program
- PCB Method
Solidification and Stabilization ":
Dechlorination and Immobilization
Cement-Lock Technology
In Situ Solidification and
Stabilization Process
GeoMelt Vitrification
Solidification and Stabilization
Solidification and Stabilization
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Ensys Penta Test System
Cyclone Furnace
Hybrid Fluidized Bed System
Cement Lock Technology
Fluidized-Bed/Cyclonic
Agglomerating Combustor
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Vitrification Process
Volume
• 2
1
2
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
1/2
2
1
2
2
1
                                            Page 277

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sludge
(Cont)
Contaminants
PCP
Pesticides
Pesticides (Cont)
Treatment Type
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Test Kits
Biological
Degradation
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption (Cont)
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
Remediation -
Technology, Inc.
Recycling Sciences
International Inc.
Trinity Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
Grace Bioremediation
Technologies
United States
Environmental
Protection Agency
Biotherm, LLC
ELI Eco Logic Inc.
ELI Eco Logic Inc.
KAI Technologies,
Inc./Brown and Root
Environmental
IT Corporation
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
Smith Environmental
Technologies Corp.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
ART International,
Inc.
Technology
Liquid and Solids Biological
Treatment
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
PCB- and Organochlorine-
Contaminated Soil Detoxification
Ensys Penta Test System
RaPID Assay®
In Situ Bioremediation By
Electrokinetic Injection
Chemical and Biological Treatment
Fluid Extraction - Biological
Degradation Process
DARAMEND™ Bioremediation
Technology
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Biotherm Process™
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Thermal Desorption Unit
Radio Frequency Heating
X*TRAX™ Thermal Desorption
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Low Temperature Thermal Aeration
(LTTA®)
Low Temperature Thermal
Treatment (LT3®) System
Low-Energy Extraction Process
(LEEP)
Volume
1
1
2
3
3
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
Page 278

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sludge
(Cont)
Contaminants

Pesticides (Cont)
PCP
Pesticides
Treatment Type

Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Thermal
Destruction (Cont)
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Test Kits
Biological
Degradation
Materials Handling
Technology
Vendor
Geosafe Corp.
Soliditech, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Gas Technology
Institute
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Vortec Corp.
Remediation
Technologies, Inc.
Recycling Sciences
International Inc.
Trinity Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc. Corp.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
Grace Bioremediation
Technologies
United States
Environmental
Protection Agency
Technology
GeoMelt Vitrification
Solidification and Stabilization
Solidification and Stabilization
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Ensys Penta Test System
Cyclone Furnace
Hybrid Fluidized Bed System
Fluidized-Bed/Cyclonic
Agglomerating Combustor
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Vitrification Process
Liquid and Solids Biological
Treatment
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
PCB- and Organochlorine-
Contaminated Soil Detoxification
Ensys Penta Test System
RaPID Assay®
In Situ Bioremediation By
Electrokinetic Injection
Chemical and Biological Treatment
Fluid Extraction - Biological
Degradation Process
DARAMEND™ Bioremediation
Technology
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Volume
1
1
1
3
3
1/2
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
3
3
2
2
2
1
1
                                            Page 279

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sludge
(Cont)
Contaminants

Pesticides (Cont)
Treatment Type
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption (Cont)
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
Biotherm, LLC
ELI Eco Logic Inc.
ELI Eco Logic, Inc.
Inc.
KAI Technology,
Inc./Brown and Root
Environmental
IT Corporation
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
Smith Environmental
Technologies Corp.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
ART International,
Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
Commodore
Environmental
Services, Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
General Atomics
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Ionics RCC
IT Corp.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory and IT
Corp.
Technology
Biotherm Process™
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Thermal Desorption Unit
Radio Frequency Heating
X*TRAX™ Thermal Desorption
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Low Temperature Thermal Aeration
(LTTA®)
Low Temperature Thermal
Treatment (LT3®) System
Low-Energy Extraction Process
(LEEP)
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
Solvated Electron Remediation
System
Electrokinetic Soil Processing
Circulating Bed Combustor
High Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
High Energy Electron Irradiation
B.E.S.T. Solvent Extraction
Technology
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Base-Catalyzed Decomposition
Process
Debris Washing System
Volume
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
I
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
Page 280

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sludge
(Cont)
Sludge
Contaminants

Pesticides (Cont)
Petroleum
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Technology
Vendor
State U. of New York
at Oswego,
Environmental
Research Center
Terra-Kleen Response
Group, Inc.
Trinity Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
United States
Environmental
Protection Agency
Chemfix
Technologies, Inc.
Funderburk &
Associates
Geo-Con Inc.
Geosafe Corp.
Soliditech, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc. Corp.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Energy &
Environmental
Research Corp.
Gas Technology
Institute
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Vortec Corp.
Ecova Corp.
Technology
Electrochemical Peroxidation of
PCB-Contaminated Sediments and
Waters
Solvent Extraction Treatment
System
PCB- and Organochlorine-
Contaminated Soil Detoxification
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Field Analytical Screening Program
- PCB Method
Solidification and Stabilization
Dechlorination and Immobilization
In Situ Solidification and
Stabilization Process
GeoMelt Vitrification
Solidification and Stabilization
Solidification and Stabilization
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Ensys Penta Test System
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
Hybrid Fluidized Bed System
Fluidized-Bed/Cyclonic
Agglomerating Combustor
Phototherma! Detoxification Unit
Vitrification Process
Bioslurry Reactor
Volume
2
1
2
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
1/2
2
2
2
1
1
(Cont) nyurocaroons uegrauauou
                                           Page 281

-------
                     APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sludge
(Cont)
Contaminants

Radio Nuclides
SVOCs
SVOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Solidification/
Stabilization
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Solidification/
Stabilization
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Biological
Degradation (Cont)
Technology
Vendor
Remediation
Technologies, Inc.
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
Smith Environmental
Technologies Corp.
Soliditech, Inc.
Thermo Nutech, Inc.
Active Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
IT Corp.
Selentec
Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Sevenson
Environmental
Services, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Ecova Corp.
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
Grace Bioremediation
Technologies
IT Corp.
New York State Dept.
of Environmental
Conservation/ENSR
Consulting and Larsen
Engineers
New York State Dept.
of Environmental
Conservation/R.E.
Wright
Environmental, Inc.
IT Corp.
Technology
Liquid and Solids Biological
Treatment
GHEA Associates Process
Low Temperature Thermal Aeration
(LTTA®)
Solidification and Stabilization
Segmented Gate System
Tech Xtract® Decontamination
Process
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Selentec MAG* SEP Technology
MAECTITE® Chemical Treatment
Process
Solidification and Stabilization
Cyclone Furnace
Bioslurry Reactor
Chemical and Biological Treatment
Fluid Extraction - Biological
Degradation Process
DARAMEND™ Bioremediation
Technology
Tekno Associates Bioslurry Reactor
Ex Situ Bio vault
In Situ Bioventing Treatment
System
Oxygen Microbubble In Situ
Bioremediation
Volume
1
2
1
I
2
1
2
1
1
1
1/2
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
Page 282

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sludge
(Cont) -
Contaminants

SVOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type

Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption (Cont)
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
Remediation
Technologies, Inc.
Untied States
Environmental
Protection Agency
Biotherm, LLC
ELI Eco Logic Inc.
ELI Eco Logic, Inc.
KAI Technologies,
Inc./Brown and Root
Environmental
Maxymillian
Technologies, Inc.
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
NOVATERRA
Associates
IT Corporation
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
Smith Environmental
Technologies Corp.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Ionics RCC
IT Corp.
Technology
Liquid and Solids Biological
Treatment
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Biotherm Process™
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Thermal Desorption Unit
Radio Frequency Heating
Thermal Desorption System
GHEA Associates Process
In Situ Soil Treatments (Stream/Air
Stripping)
X*TRAX™ Thermal Desorption
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Low Temperature Thermal Aeration
(LTTA®)
Low Temperature Thermal
Treatment (LT3®) System
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
Electrokinetic Soil Processing
High Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
B.E.S.T. Solvent Extraction
Technology
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Volume
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
I
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
I
2
                                           Page 283

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Sludge
(Cont)
Contaminants

SVOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type

Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Solidification/
Stabilization
(Cont)
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Desorption
Technology
Vendor
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory and IT
Corp-
Terra-Kleen Response
Group, Inc.
Terra Vac, Inc.
Toronto Harbor
Commission
Bmker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
United States
Environmental
Protection Agency
Chemfix
Technologies, Inc.
Geo-Con, Inc.
STC Remediation, a
Division of Omega
Environmental, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc.
Western Product
Recovery Group, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc. Corp.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Sonotech, Inc.
Texaco, Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Technology
Base-Catalyzed Decomposition
Process
Debris Washing System
Solvent Extraction Treatment
System
In Situ and Ex Situ Vacuum
Extraction
Soil Recycling
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Field Analytical Screening Program
- PCB Method
Solidification and Stabilization
In Situ Solidification and
Stabilization Process
Organic Stabilization and Chemical
Fixation/Solidification
Solidification and Stabilization
Coordinate, Chemical Bonding, and
Absorption Treatment
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
Fluidized-Bed/Cyclonic
Agglomerating Combustor
Frequency-Tunable Pulse
Combustion System
Texaco Gasification Process
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Volume
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
1
1
1
1
2
3
3
1/2
2
1
1
2
Page 284

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Sludge
(Cont)
Contaminants

VOCs
VOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type

Biological
Degradation
Biological
Degradation (Cont)
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
Vortec Corp.
Bio-Rem, Inc.
Ecova Corp.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
New York State Dept.
of Environmental
Conservation/ENSR
Consulting and Larsen
Engineering
New York State Dept.
of Environmental
Conservation/R.E .
Wright
Environmental, Inc.
IT Corp.
AEA Technology
Environment
United States
Environmental
Protection Agency
Biotherm, LLC
KAI Technologies,
Inc./Brown and Root
Environmental
Maxymillian
Technologies, Inc.
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
NOVATERRA
Associates
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
Smith Environmental
Technologies Corp.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
Technology
Vitrification Process
Augmented In Situ Subsurface
Bioremediation Process
Bioslurry Reactor
In Situ Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injection
Ex Situ Biovault
In Situ Bioventing Treatment
System
Oxygen Microbubble In Situ
Bioremediation
Soil Separation and Washing
Process
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Biotherm Process™
Radio Frequency Heating
Thermal Desorption System
GHEA Associates Process
In-Situ Soil Treatments (Steam/Air
Stripping)
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Low Temperature Thermal Aeration
(LTTA®)
Low Temperature Thermal
Treatment (LT3®) System
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
Volume
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
I
1
1
1
1
                                            Page 285

-------
                     APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Sludge
(Cont)
Contaminants

VOCs (Cont)
Other
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Solidification/
Stabilization
Technology
Vendor
Gas Technology
Institute
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Ionics RCC
IT Corp.
IT Corp.
Terra-Kleen Response
Group, Inc.
Terra Vac, Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
United States
Environmental
Protection Agency
Geo-Con, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc.
Western Product
Recovery Group, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics
Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Gas Technology
Institute
Sonotech, Inc.
Texaco, Inc.
Vortec Corp.
STC Remediation, A
Division of Omega
Environmental, Inc.
Technology
Supercritical Extraction/Liquid
Phase Oxidation
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
B.E.S.T. Solvent Extraction
Technology
Batch Steam Distillation and Metal
Extraction
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Solvent Extraction Treatment
System
In Situ and Ex Situ Vacuum
Extraction
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Field Analytical Screening Program
- PCB Method
hi Situ Solidification and
Stabilization Process
Solidification and Stabilization
Coordinate, Chemical Bonding, and
Adsorption Treatment
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
RaPID Assay®
Hybrid Fluidized Bed System
Fluidized-Bed/Cyclonic
Agglomerating Combustor
Frequency-Tunable Pulse
Combustion System
Texaco Gasification Process
Vitrification Process
Organic Stabilization and Chemical
Fixation/ Solidification
Volume
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
3
3
1
1
2
3
3
2
2
1
1
1
1
Page 286

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Soil
Soil (Cont)
Soil (Cont)
Contaminants
Aromatic VOCs
Aromatic VOCs
(Cont)
Aromatic VOCs
(Cont)
Treatment Type
Biological
Degradation
Biological
Degradation (Cont)
Contaminant
Survey Systems
Materials Handling
Materials Handling
(Cont)
Technology
Vendor
Billings and
Associates, Inc.
Bio-Rem, Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Grace Bioremediation
Technologies
Harding Lawson
Associates
Hazardous Substance
Management Research
Center at New Jersey
Institute of
Technology, and
Rutgers, the State U.
of New Jersey
Micro-Bac
International Inc.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory
New York State Dept.
of Environment
Conservation/ENSR
Consulting and Larson
Engineers
New York State Dept.
of Environmental
Conservation/R.E.
Wright
Environmental, Inc.
IT Corp.
W.L. Gore and
Associates, Inc.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory, the U of
Cincinnati and FRX,
Inc.
U.S. EPA
Technology
Subsurface Volatilization and
Ventilation System (SVVS)
Augmented In Situ Subsurface
Bioremediation Process
In Situ Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injection
Fluid Extraction - Biological
Degradation Process
DARAMEND™ Bioremediation
Technology
Two Zone, Plume Interception. In
Situ Treatment Technology
Pneumatic Fracturing and
Bioremediation Process
Microbial Degradation PCBs
Bioventing
Ex Situ Biovault
In Situ Bioventing Treatment
System
Oxygen Microbubble In Situ
Bioremediation
GORE-SORBER Screening Survey
Hydraulic Fracturing
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Volume
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
1
I
2
2
1
1
                                            Page 287

-------
                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Soil (Cont)
Contaminants

Aromatic VOCs
(Cont)
Treatment Type
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Technology
Vendor
Biotherm, LLC
Hughes
Environmental
Systems, Inc.
Maxymillian
Technologies, Inc.
NOVATERRA
Associates
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
SoilTech ATP
Systems, Inc.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
Arctic Foundations,
Inc.
ARS Technologies,
Inc.
Bergmann, a Division
of Linatex, Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
Energia, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
High Voltage
Environmental
Application, Inc.
Ionics RCC
IT Corp.
KSE, Inc.
Pulse Sciences, Inc.
Terra Vac, Inc.
Technology
Biotherm Process™
Steam Enhanced Recovery Process
Thermal Desorption System
In-Situ Soil Treatments, (Steam/Air
Stripping)
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Anaerobic Thermal Processor
Low Temperature Thermal
Treatment (LT3™) System
Cryogenic Barrier
Pneumatic Fracturing Extraction™
and Catalytic Oxidation
Soil and Sediment Washing
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
Electrokinetic Soil Processing
Reductive Thermal and Photo-
Thermal Oxidation for Enhanced
Conversion of Chlorocarbons
Supercritical Extraction/Liquid
Phase Oxidation
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
B.E.S.T. Solvent Extraction
Technology
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Adsorption-Integrated-Reaction
Process
X-Ray Treatment of Organically
Contaminated Soils
hi Situ and Ex Situ Vacuum
Extraction
Volume
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
I
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
1/2
2
1
Page 288

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Soil (Cent)
Contaminants

Aromatic VOCs
(Cent)
Cyanide
Treatment Type

Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Samplers
Sensors
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Thermal
Destruction (Cont)
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
Roy F. Weston,
Inc./JEG Technologies
Xerox Corp.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
HNU Systems, Inc.
Photovac Monitoring
Instruments
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Geoprobe Systems
Fugro Geosciences,
Inc.
Geo Con, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc.
Western Product
Recovery Group, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Hanby Environmental
Laboratory
Procedures, Inc.
Sonotech, Inc.
Texaco, Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Vortec Corp.
Pintail Systems, Inc.
Arctic Foundations,
Inc.
E&C Williams, Inc.
Technology
UVB - Vacuum Vaporizing Well
2-PHASE™ EXTRACTION Process
Mobile Environmental Monitor
HNU GC 3 1 ID Portable Gas
Chromatograph
PE Photovac Voyager Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Field Analytical Screening Program
- PCB Method
Large Bore Soil Sampler
Rapid Optical Screening Tool
In Situ Solidification and
Stabilization Process
Solidification and Stabilization
Coordinate, Chemical Bonding, and
Adsorption Treatment
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Test Kits for Organic Contaminants
in Soil and Water
Frequency Tunable Pulse
Combustion System
Texaco Gasification Process
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Vitrification Process
Spent Ore Bioremediation Process
Cryogenic Barrier
Calcium Sulfide & Calcium
Polysulfide Technologies
Volume
1
1
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
1
I
2
3
3
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
                                            Page 289

-------
                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Soil (Cent)
Contaminants
Diesel
Dioxins
Dioxins (Cont)
Treatment Type
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Spectrometer
Biological
Degradation
Chemical Thermal
Desorption
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption (Cont)
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory, U. of
Cincinnati, and FRX
Inc.
Arctic Foundations,
Inc.
Geokinetics
International, Inc.
SIVE Services
SiteLAB Corporation
Biotrol®
Gas Technology
Institute
Biotherm, LLC
U.S. EPA
ELI Eco Logic Inc.
ELI Eco Logic, Inc.
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
SoilTech ATP
Systems, Inc.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
Arctic Foundations,
Inc.
ART International,
Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Ionics RCC
IT Corp.
Technology
Hydraulic Fracturing
Cryogenic Barrier
Electroheat-Enhanced Nonaqueous-
Phase Liquids Removal
Steam Injection and Vacuum
Extraction
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
Spectroscopy
Soil Washing System
Fluid Extraction - Biological
Degradation Process
Biotherm Process™
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Thermal Desorption Unit
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Anaerobic Thermal Processor
Low Temperature Thermal
Treatment (LT3™) System
Cryogenic Barrier
Low-Energy Extraction Process
(LEEP)
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
B.E.S.T. Solvent Extraction
Technology
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Volume
1
1
1
1
3
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
Page 290

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Soil (Cont)
Contaminants

Dioxins (Cont)
Explosives
Furans
Treatment Type

Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Samplers
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Thermal
Destruction
Thermal
Destruction (Cont)
Biological
Degradation
Contaminant
Survey Systems
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Thermal
Destruction
Biological

Technology
Vendor
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory
Terra-Kleen Response
Group, Inc.
Trinity Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Geoprobe Systems
Geosafe Corp.
WASTECH, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Gas Technology
Institute
Terra Therm, Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Vortec Corp.
U. of Idaho Research
Foundation
Quadrel Services, Inc.
W.L. Gore and
Associates, Inc.
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
Terra Therm, Inc.
Biotrol®
Gas Technology
Institute
Technology
Base-Catalyzed Decomposition
Process
Solvent Extraction Treatment
System
PCB- and Organochlorine-
Contaminated Soil Detoxification
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Large Bore Soil Sampler
GeoMelt Vitrification
Solidification and Stabilization
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Cyclone Furnace
Reactor Filter System
FIuidized-Bed/Cyclonic
Agglomerating Combustor
In-Situ Thermal Destruction
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Oxidation and Verification Process
The SABRE™ Process
Emflux Soil-Gas Survey System
GORE-SORBER Screening Survey
GHEA Associates Process
In-Situ Thermal Destruction
Soil Washing System
Fluid Extraction - Biological
Degradation Process
Volume
1
1
2
3
3
1
1
3
1/2
2
2
1
2
1
1
3
3
2
1
1
2
                                            Page 291

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Soil (Cont)
Contaminants

Furans (Cont)
Treatment Type
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Samplers
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Thermal
Destruction
Technology
Vendor
U.S. EPA
ELI Eco Logic Inc.
ELI Eco Logic, Inc.
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
SoilTech ATP
Systems, Inc.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
Arctic Foundations,
Inc.
ART International,
Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Ionics RCC
IT Corp.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory
Terra-Kleen Response
Group, Inc.
Trinity Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Broker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Geoprobe Systems
Geosafe Corp.
WASTECH, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Technology
Field Analytical Screening Program
- PCB Method
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Thermal Desorption Unit
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Anaerobic Thermal Processors
Low Temperature Thermal
Treatment (LT3~) System
Cryogenic Barrier
Low-Energy Extraction Process
(LEEP)
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
B.E.S.T. Solvent Extraction
Technology
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Base, Catalyzed Decomposition
Process
Solvent Extraction Treatment
System
PCB- and Organochlorine-
Contaminated Soil Detoxification
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Large Bore Soil Sampler
GeoMelt Vitrification
Solidification and Stabilization
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Cyclone Furnace
Volume
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
3
3
1
1
3
1/2
Page 292

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Soil (Cont)
Contaminants

Gasoline
Halogenated
VOCs
Treatment Type

Contaminant
Survey Systems
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Samplers
Spectrometer
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Treatment -
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Technology
Vendor
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Gas Technology
Institute
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Vortec Corp.
W.L. Gore and
Associates, Inc.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory, U. of
Cincinnati and FRX,
Inc.
SIVE Services
Arctic Foundations,
Inc.
Geoprobe Systems
SiteLAB Corporation
Harding Lawson
Associates
Bio-Rem, Inc.
New York State Dept.
of Environmental
Conservation/R.E.
Wright
Environmental, Inc.
U.S. EPA
Lasagna™ Public
Private Partnership
Hughes
Environmental
Systems, Inc.
Technology
Reactor Filter System
Fluidized-Bed/Cyclonic
Agglomerating Combustor
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Vitrification Process
GORE-SORBER Screening Survey
Hydraulic Fracturing
Steam Injection and Vacuum
Extraction
Cryogenic Barrier
Large Bore Soil Sampler
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
Spectroscopy
Two Zone, Plume Interception. In
Situ Treatment Technology
Augmented In Situ Subsurface
Bioremediation Process
In Situ Bioventing Treatment
System
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Lasagna™ In Situ Soil Remediation
Steam Enhanced Recovery Process
Volume
2
2
2
1
3
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
                                            Page 293

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Soil (Cont)
Contaminants

Halogenated
VOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption (Cont)
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Samplers
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Technology
Vendor
KAI Technologies,
Inc./Brown and Root
Environmental
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
NOVATERRA
Associates
IT Corporation
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
SoilTech ATP
Systems, Inc.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
Xerox Corp.
Arctic Foundations,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Photovac Monitoring
Instruments
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Geoprobe Systems
Geo Con, hie.
Geosafe Corp.
WASTECH, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Dexsil Corporation
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Svedala Industries,
Inc.
Texaco, Inc.
Technology
Radio Frequency Heating
GHEA Associates Process
In Situ Soil Treatments, (Steam/Air
Stripping)
X*TAX* Thermal Desorption
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Anaerobic Thermal Processor
Low Temperature Thermal
Treatment (LT3™) System
2-PHASE™ EXTRACTION Process
Cryogenic Barrier
Mobile Environmental Monitor
PE Photovac Voyager Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Field Analytical Screening Program
- PCB Method
Large Bore Soil Sampler
In Situ Solidification and
Stabilization Process
GeoMelt Vitrification
Solidification and Stabilization
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Environmental Test Kits
Hybrid Fiuidized Bed System
Pyrokiln Thermal Encapsulation
Process
Texaco Gasification Process
Volume
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
3
3
1
1
1
3
3
2
2
1
Page 294

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Soil (Cont)
Soil (Cont)
Contaminants
Halogenated
VOCs (Cont)
Heavy Metals
Heavy Minerals
Herbicides
Herbicides
(Cont)
Treatment Type
Thermal
Destruction (Cont)
Chemical
Treatment
Field Portable X-
Ray Fluorescence
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Solidification/
Stabilization
Materials Handling
Samplers
Solidification/
Stabilization
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Biological
Degradation (Cont)
Materials Handling
Technology
Vendor
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Vortec Corp.
Concurrent
Technologies
Edax Portable
Products Division
Electrokinetics, Inc.
Geokinetics
International, Inc.
Rocky Mountain
Remediation Services,
LLC
Star Organics, LLC
Montana College of
Mineral Science and
Technology
Art's Manufacturing
and Supply
Simulprobe
Technologies, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
Biotrol®
Electrokinetics, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Grace Bioremediation
Technologies
Phytokinetics, Inc.
U. of Idaho Research
Foundation
U.S. EPA
Technology
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Vitrification Process
Organics Destruction Metals
Stabilization
Metal Analysis Probe (MAP®)
Portable Assays
Electrokinetic Extraction
Electrokinetics for Lead Recovery
Envirobond Solution
Soil Rescue Remediation Fluid
Campbell Centriiugal Jig
AMS™ Dual-Tube Liner Soil
Sampler
Core Barrel Soil Sampler
Cement-Lock Technology
Cement-Lock Technology
Soil Washing System
In Situ Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injection
Fluid Extraction - Biological
Degradation Process
DARAMEND™ Bioremediation
Technology
Phytoremediation of Contaminated
Soils
The SABRE™ Process
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Volume
2
1
2
3
1
1
1
1
2
3
3
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
                                           Page 295

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Soil (Cent)
Contaminants

Herbicides
(Cont)
Treatment Type
Physical Chemical
Treatment -
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Samplers
Technology
Vendor
Pharmacia
Corporation
ELI Eco Logic, Inc.
ELI Eco Logic, Inc.
Maxymillion
Technologies, Inc.
IT Corporation
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
Smith Environmental
Technologies Corp.
SoilTech ATP
Systems, Inc.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
Arctic Foundations,
Inc.
ART International,
Inc.
Bergmann, a Division
of Linatex, Inc.
Center for Hazardous
Materials Research
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Ionics RCC
IT Corp.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Geoprobe Systems
Technology
Lasagna™ In Situ Soil Remediation
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Thermal Desorption Unit
Thermal Desorption System
X*TAX™ Thermal Desorption
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Low Temperature Thermal Aeration
(LTTA®)
Anaerobic Thermal Processors
Low Temperature Thermal
Treatment (LT3™) System
Cryogenic Barrier
Low-Energy Extraction Process
(LEEP)
Soil and Sediment Washing
Organics Destruction and Metals
Stabilization
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
B.E.S.T. Solvent Extraction
Technology
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Base-Catalyzed Decomposition
Process
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Large Bore Soil Samplers
Volume
1
1
1
I
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
3
3
Page 296

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Soil (Cont)
Contaminants

Inorganics
Mercury
Mercury (Cont)
Metals
Treatment Type
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Solidification/
Stabilization
Thermal
Destruction
Contaminant
Survey Systems
Contaminant
Survey Systems
(Cont)
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Biological
Degradation
Contaminant
Survey Systems
Field Portable
X-Ray
Technology
Vendor
Chemfix
Technologies, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc., Corp.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Vortex Corp.
Kvaerner Energy &
Environmental
Electrokinetics, Inc.
Electro-Petroleum,
Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
Quadrel Services, Inc.
Radiometer Analytical
Group
Bionebraska, Inc.
COGNIS, Inc.
Geo-Microbial
Technologies, Inc.
Phytotech
Pintail Systems, Inc.
Pintail Systems, Inc.
W.L. Gore and
Associates, Inc.
Metorex, Inc.
Technology
Solidification and Stabilization
Solidification and Stabilization
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Vitrification Process
Chemical Treatment
Electrokinetic Extraction
Electro-Kinetically Aided
Remediation
Cement-Lock Technology
Cement-Lock Technology
Emflux Soil-Gas Survey System
Anodic Voltammetry of Mercury in
Soil
BiMelyze® Mercury Immunoassay
Biological/Chemical Treatment
Metals Release and Removal of
Wastes
Phytoremediation Technology
Biomineralization of Metals
Spend Ore Bioremediation Process
GORE-SORBER Screening Survey
Field Portable X-Ray Fluorescence
Analysis
Volume
1
1
3
3
1/2 '
2
1
2
1
1
1
I
3
3
3
1
2
1
2
1
3
3
                                            Page 297

-------
                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Soil (Cont)
Contaminants

Metals (Cont)
Treatment Type

Materials Handling
Physical Chemical
Treatment -
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption (Cont)
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
TN Spectrace
AEA Technology
Environment
Montana College of
Mineral Science and
Technology
Montana College of
Mineral Science and
Technology
U.S. EPA
U. of South Carolina
Pharmacia
Corporation
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
Geotech Development
Corp.
Arctic Foundations,
Inc.
Battelle Memorial
Institute
Bergmann, a Division
of Linatex, Inc.
BioGenesis
Enterprises, Inc.
Brice Environmental
Services, Corp.
Center for Hazardous
Materials Research
COGNIS, Inc.
E&C Williams, Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
Technology
9000 X-Ray Fluorescence Analyzer
and Lead X-Ray Fluorescence
Analyzer
Soil Separation and Washing
Process
Air-Sparged Hydrocyclone
Campbell Centrifugal Jig
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
In Situ Mitigation of Acid Water
Lasagna™ In Situ Soil Remediation
GHEA Associates Process
Cold Top Ex Situ Verification of
Chromium-Contaminated Soils
Cryogenic Barrier
In Situ Electroacoustic Soil
Decontamination
Soil and Sediment Washing
BioGenesisSM Soil & Sediment
Washing Process
Soil Washing Process
Acid Extraction Treatment System
TERRAMET Soil Remediation
System
Calcium Sulfide & Calcium
Polysulfide Technology
Electrokinetic Soil Processing
Volume
3
2
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
Page 298

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Soil (Cont)
Contaminants

Metals (Cont)
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Samplers
Solidification/
Stabilization
Technology
Vendor
General Atomics,
Nuclear Remediation
Technologies Division
Geokinetics
International, Inc.
IT Corp.
IT Corp.
IT Corp.
Lewis Environmental
Services, Inc./
Hickson Corp.
Morrison Knudsen
Corp./Spetstamponazh
geologia
Enterprises/STG
Technologies
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory
Sandia National
Laboratory
Toronto Harbor
Commission
U. of Houston
HNU Systems, Inc.
Art's Manufacturing
and Supply
Geoprobe Systems
Simulprobe
Technologies, Inc.
Chemfix
Technologies, Inc.
E&C Williams, Inc.
Ferro Corp.
Funderburk &
Associates
Technology
Acoustic Barrier Particulate
Separator
Electrokinetics for NSFO
Mobilization
Batch Steam Distillation Metal
Extraction
Chelation/Electrodeposition of
Toxic Metals from Soils
Mixed Treatment Process
Chromated Copper Arsenate Soil
Leaching Process
Clay-Base Grouting Technology
Volume Reduction Unit
In Situ Electrokinetic Extraction
System
Soil Recycling
Concentrated Chlorine Extraction
and Recovery of Lead
HNU GC 3 1 ID Portable Gas
Chromatograph
AMS™ Dual-Tube Liner Soil
Sampler
Large Bore Soil Sampler
Core Barrel Soil Sampler
Solidification and Stabilization
Chemical Stabilization of Mercury
Mining Wastes
Waste Vitrification Through
Electric Melting
Dechlorination and Immobilization
Volume
2
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
3
3
3
3
1
1
2
1
                                            Page 299

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Soil (Cont)
Contaminants

Metals (Cont)
Treatment Type

Solidification/
Stabilization
(Cont)
Thermal
Destruction
Technology
Vendor
Gas Technology
Institute
Geo-Con, Inc.
Geosafe Corp.
Metso Minerals
Industries, Inc.
Minergy
Rocky Mountain
Remediation Services,
LLC
Sevenson
Environmental
Services, Inc.
Soliditech, Inc.
Star Organics, LLC
STC Remediation a
Division of Omega
Environmental, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc.
Western Product
Recovery Group, Inc.
American Combusion,
Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Concurrent
Technologies
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Horsehead Resource
Development Co., Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
Technology
Cement-Lock Technology
In Situ Solidification and
Stabilization Process
GeoMelt Vitrification
Phyrokiln Thermal Encapsulation
Process
Thermal Sediment Reuse
Technology
Envirobond Solution
MAECTITE® Chemical Treatment
Process
Solidification and Stabilization
Soil Rescue Remediation Fluid
Organic Stabilization and Chemical
Fixation/ Solidification
Solidification and Stabilization
Coordinate, Chemical Bonding, and
Adsorption Treatment
PYRETRON® Thermal Destruction
Cyclone Furnace
Smelting Lead-Containing Wastes
Hybrid Fluidized Bed System
Reactor Filter System
Flame Reactor
Cement-Lock Technology
Fluidized-Bed/Cyclonic
Agglomerating Combustor
Volume
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
I
2
1
1/2
2
2
2
1
1
2
Page 300

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Soil (Cont)
Soil (Cont)
Contaminants

Metals (Cont)
Organics
Organics (Cont)
Treatment Type

Thermal
Destruction (Cont)
Biological
Degradation
Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Sensors
Solidification/
Stabilization
Thermal
Destruction
Thermal
Destruction (Cont)
Technology
Vendor
Minergy Corporation
PSI Technologies, A
Division of Physical
Sciences Inc.
Svedaia Industries,
Inc.
Vortec Corp.
Harding ESE, a
MacTech Co.
Micro-Bac
International, Inc.
Concurrent
Technologies
Kavemer Energy &
Environment
Arctic Foundations,
Inc.
Current
Environmental
Solutions
Electro-Petroleum,
Inc.
IT Corporation
Pharmacia
Corporation
Geoprobe Systems
Gas Technology
Institute
RKK, Ltd.
Current
Environmental
Solutions
Gas Technology ,
Institute
Gruppo Italimpresse
Terra Therm, Inc.
Technology
Glass Furnace Technology for
Dredged Sediments
Metals Immobilization and
Decontamination of Aggregate
Solids
Pyrokiln Thermal Encapsulation
Process
Vitrification Process
Two-Zone, Plume Interception. In
Situ Treatment Strategy
Microbial Degradation of PCBs
Organic Destruction & Metals
Stabilization
Chemical Treatment
Cryogenic Barrier
Six-Phase Heating of TCE
Electro-Kinetically Aided
Remediation
KMnO4 (Potassium Permanganate
Oxidation of TCE)
Lasagna™ In Situ Soil Remediation
Geoprobe Conductivity System
Cement-Lock Technology
CRYOCELL®
Six-Phase Heating of TCE
Cement-Lock Technology
Infrared Thermal Destruction
In Situ Thermal Destruction
Volume
1
2
2
1
1/2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
                                            Page 301

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Soil (Cont)
Contaminants
PAHs
PAHs (Cont)
Treatment Type
Biological
Degradation
Chemical Thermal
Desorption
Cone
Penetrometers
Contaminant
Survey
Contaminant
Survey Systems
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Samplers
Sensors
Technology
Vendor
X-19 Biological
Products
COGNIS, Inc.
Ecova Corp.
Environmental
BioTechnologies, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Micro-Bac®
International, Inc.
Remediation
Technology, Inc.
Biotherm, L.C.C.
Space and Naval
Warfare Systems
Center
Fugro Geosciences,
Inc.
W.L. Gore and
Associates, Inc.
Geokinetics
International, Inc.
Maxymillian
Technologies, Inc.
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
Arctic Foundations,
Inc.
Bergmann. A
Division of Linatex,
Inc.
BioGenesis
Enterprises, Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Clements, Inc.
Fugro Geosciences,
Inc.
Technology
Microbial Degradation of PCBs
Biological/Chemical Treatment
Bioslurry Reactor
Fungal Degradation Process
Fluid Extraction Biological
Degradation Process
Bioaugmentation Process
Liquid and Solids Biological
Treatment
Biotherm Process™
SCAPS Cone Penetrometer
Rapid. Optical Screening Tools
GORE-SORBER Screening Survey
Electroheat-Enhanced Nonaqueous
Phase Liquids Removal
Thermal Desorption System
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Cryogenic Barrier
Soil and Sediment Washing
BioGenesis™ Soil & Sediment
Washing Process
Mobile Environmental Monitor
JMC Environmental Subsoil Probe
Rapid Optical Screening Tool
Volume
1
2
1
2
2
1
1
1
3
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1 1
3 I
3 ||
3 I
Page 302

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Soil (Cont)
Contaminants

PCBs
PCBs (Cont)

Treatment Type
Spectrometer
Biological
Degradation
Field Portable X-
Ray Fluorescence
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption (Cont)

Physical/Chemical
Treatment


Technology
Vendor
SiteLAB Corporation
X- 19 Biological
Products
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
Micro-Bac®
International, Inc.
Phytokinetics, Inc.
Phytokinetics, Inc.
Metorex, Inc.
U.S. EPA
Biotherm, LLC
ELI Eco Logic Inc.
ELI Eco Logic, Inc.
KAI Technologies,
Inc./Brown and Root
Environmental
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
IT Corporation
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
SoilTech ATP
Systems, Inc.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
Arctic Foundations,
Inc.
ART International,
(nc.
Bergmann, a Division
of Linatex, Inc.
Technology
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
Spectroscopy
Microbial Degradation of PCBs
Chemical and Biological Treatment
Fluid Extraction - Biological
Degradation Process
Bioaugmentation Process
Phytoremediation of Contaminated
Soils
Phytoremediation Process
Fluid Portable X-Ray Fluorescence
Analysis
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Biotherm Process™
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Thermal Desorption Unit
Radio Frequency Heating
GHEA Associates Process
X*TAX™ Thermal Desorption
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Anaerobic Thermal Processors
Low Temperature Thermal
Treatment (LT3™) System
Cryogenic Barrier
Low-Energy Extraction Process
(LEEP)
Soil and Sediment Washing

3
1
2
2
1
2
1
3
1
I
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
                                           Page 303

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)


Soil (Cont)
Contaminants

PCBs (Cont)
Treatment Type






Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Samplers
Technology
Vendor
BioGenesis
Enterprises, Inc.
Center for Hazardous
Materials Research
CF Systems Corp.
Commodore
Environmental
Services, Inc.
General Atomics
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Ionics RCC
IT Corp.
IT Corp.
Morrison Knudsen
Corp./Spetstamponazh
geologia
Enterprises/STG
Technologies
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory
State U. of New York
at Oswego,
Environmental
Research Center
Terra-Kleen Response
Group, Inc.
Trinity Environmental
Technology, Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
HNU Systems, Inc.
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Clements, Inc.
Technology
BioGenesisSM Soil & Sediment
Washing Process
Organics Destruction and Metals
Stabilization
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
Solvated Electron Remediation
System
Circulating Bed Combustor
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
B.E.S.T. Solvent Extraction
Technology
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Photolytic and Biologkal Soil
Detoxification
Clay-Base Grouting Technology
Base-Catalyzed Decomposition
Process
Electrochemical Peroxidation of
PCB-Contaminated Sediments and
Waters
Solvent Extraction Treatment
System
PCB- and Organochlorine-
Contaminated Soil Detoxification
Mobile Environmental Monitor
HNU GC 3 1 ID Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Field Analytical Screening Program
- PCB Method
JMC Environmental Subsoil Probe
Volume
1
2
1
1
I









j
3
3
3
3
Page 304

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Soil (Cont)

Contaminants

PCBs (Cont)
PCP
Treatment Type

Solidification/
Stabilization
Test Kits
Test Kits (Cont)
Thermal
Destruction




Biological
degradation
Technology
Vendor
Geoprobe Systems
Chemfix
Technologies, Inc.
Funderburk &
Associates
Gas Technology
Institute
Geo-Con, Inc.
Geosafe Corp.
.Minergy
Soliditech, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc.
Dexsil Corporation
Hanby Environmental
Laboratory Procedure,
Inc.
Millipore Corporation
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
Minergy Corp.
Terra Therm, Inc.
LJ. of Dayton Research
Institute
Vortec Corp.
X- 19 Biological
Products

Large Bore Soil Sampler
Solidification and Stabilization
Dechlorination and Immobilization
Cement-Lock Technology
In Situ Solidification and
Stabilization Process
GeoMelt Vitrification
Thermal Sediment Reuse
Technology
Solidification and Stabilization
Solidification and Stabilization
Environmental Test Kits
Test Kits for Organic Contaminants
in Soil and Water
EnviroGard™ PCP Immunoassay
Test Kit
EnviroGard™ PCB Immunoassay
Test Kit
Cyclone Furnace
Hybrid Fluidized Bed System
Cement-Lock Technology
Fluidized-Bed/Cyclonic
Agglomerating Combustor
Glass Furnace Technology for
Dredged Sediments
In-Situ Thermal Destruction
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Vitrification Process
Microbial Degradation of PCBs

3
1
I
1
1
I
1
1
1
3
3
3
3
1/2
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
                                            Page 305

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)

Soil (Cont)






PCP (Cont)
Pesticides
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Test Kits
Biological
Degradation ,
Contaminant
Survey Systems
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Technology
Vendor
Remediation
Technology, Inc.
Arctic Foundations,
Inc.
U.S. EPA
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory
Trinity Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
X-19 Biological
Products
Biotrol®
Electrokinetics, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
Grace Bioremediation
Technologies
Phytokinetics, Inc.
Phytokinetics, Inc.
W.L. Gore and
Associates, Inc.
U.S. EPA
Biotherm, LLC
Technology
Liquid and Solids Biological
Treatment
Cryogenic Barrier
Field Analytical Screening Program
- PCP Method
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Volume Reduction Unit
PCB- and Organochlorine-
Contaminated Soil Detoxification
Ensys Penta Test System
EnviroGard™ PCB Immunoassay
Test Kit
(RaPID Assay®)
Microbial Degradation of PCBs
Soil Washing System
In Situ Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injection
Chemical and Biological Treatment
Fluid Extraction - Biological
Degradation Process
DARAMEND™ Bioremediation
Technology
Phytoremediation of Contaminated
Soils
Phytoremediation Process
GORE-SORBER Screening Survey
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Biotherm Process™
Volume
1
1
3
1
1
2
3
3
3
1 1



2
1
2
1
3
1
1
1 Thuiwdl — •
Desorption 1
Page 306

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Soil (Cont)
Contaminants

Pesticides (Cont)
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption (Cont)
Physical/Chemical
Treatment





Technology
Vendor
ELI Eco Logic Inc.
ELI Eco Logic, Inc.
KAI Technologies,
Inc./Brown and Root
Environmental
OHM Remediation
Services, Corp.
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
Smith Environmental
Technologies Corp.
SoilTech ATP
Systems, Inc.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
Arctic Foundations,
Inc.
ART International,
Inc.
Bergmann, a Division
of Linatex, Inc.
Center for Hazardous
Materials Research
CF Systems Corp.
Commodore
Environmental
Services, Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
General Atomics
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Ionics RCC
IT Corp.
IT Corp.
Technology
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Thermal Desorption Unit
Radio Frequency Heating
X*TAX™ Thermal Desorption
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Low Temperature Thermal Aeration
(LTTA)
Anaerobic Thermal Processors
Low Temperature Thermal
Treatment (LT3™) System
Cryogenic Barrier
Low-Energy Extraction Process
(LEEP)
Soil and Sediment Washing
Organics Destruction and Metals
Stabilization
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
Solvated Electron Remediation
System
Electrokinetic Soil Processing
Circulating Bed Combustor
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
B.E.S.T. Solvent Extraction
Technology
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Photolytic and Biological Soil
Detoxification

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
I
1
1
2
2
                                           Page 307

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)


Soil (Cent)




















Pesticides (Cont)


















Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)



Portable Gas
Chromatographs


Samplers



Solidification/
Stabilization




Spectrometers
Test Kits

Technology
Vendor
Morrison Knudsen
Corp ./Spetstamponazh
geologia
Enterprises/STG
Technologies
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory
State U. of New York
at Oswego,
Environmental
Research Center
Terra-Kleen Response
Group, Inc.
Trinity Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Art's Manufacturing
and Supply
Clements, Inc.
Geoprobe Systems
Simulprobe
Technologies, Inc.
Chemfix
Technologies, Inc.
Funderburk &
Associates
Geo-Con, Inc.
Soliditech, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Dexsil Corporation
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Technology
Clay-Base Grouting Technology
Base-Catalyzed Decomposition
Process
Electrochemical Peroxidation of
PCB-Contaminated Sediments and
Waters
Solvent Extraction Treatment
System
PCB- and Organochlorine-
contaminated Soil Detoxification
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Field Analytical Screening Program
- PCB Method
AMS™ Dual-Tube Liner Soil
Sampler
JMC Environmental Subsoil Probe
Large Bore Soil Sampler
Core Barrel Soil Sampler
Solidification and Stabilization
Dechlorination and Immobilization
In Situ Solidification and
Stabilization Process
Solidification and Stabilization
Solidification and Stabilization
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Environmental Test Kits
Ensys Penta Test System
Volume
1
1
2
1
2
^
3
3
3
3
3
->
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
Page 308

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Soil (Cont)
Soil (Cont)
Contaminants
Pesticides (Cont)
Petroleum
Hydrocarbons

Petroleum
Hydrocarbons
(Cont)

Treatment Type
Test Kits (Cont)
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Cone
Penetrometers

Contaminant
Survey Systems
Materials Handling
Technology
Vendor
Hanby Environmental
Laboratory Procedure,
Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Gas Technology
Institute
Terra Therm, Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
VORTEC Corp.
X- 19 Biological
Product
COGNIS, Inc.
Ecova Corp.
Hazardous Substance
Management Research
Center at New Jersey
Institute of
Technology, and
Rutgers, the State U.
of New Jersey
Micro-Bac®
International, Inc.
Remediation
Technologies, Inc.
Space and Naval
Warfare Systems
Center
Tri-Services
W.L. Gore and
Associates, Inc.
National Risk
Management Research
.aboratory. U. of
Cincinnati and FRX,
nc.

Test Kits for Organic Contaminants
in Soil and Water
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
Hybrid Fluidized Bed System
Fluidized-Bed/Cyclonic
Agglomerating Combustor
In-Situ Thermal Destruction
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Vitrification Process
Microbial Degradation of PCBs
Biological/Chemical Treatment
Bioslurry Reactor
Pneumatic Fracturing and
Bioremediation Process
Bioaugmentation Process
Liquid and Solids Biological
Treatment
SCAPS Cone Penetrometer
Site Characterization Analysis
Penetrometer System (SCAPS)
GORE-SORBER Screening Survey
Hydraulic Fracturing

3
3
1/2
2
2
I
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
3
3
3
1
                                           Page 309

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)

Soil (Cont)



Radionuclides
Radionuclides
(Cont)
SVOCs

Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption

Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Spectrometer
Solidification/
Stabilization
Test Kits
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Solidification/
Stabilization
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Technology
Vendor
Mew Jersey Institute
of Technology
SIVE Services
Smith Environmental
Technologies, Corp.
Arctic Foundations,
Inc.
SRI Instruments
Environmental
Systems Corporation
SiteLAB Corporation
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Wilks Enterprise, Inc.
Soliditech, Inc.
CHEMetrics Inc. and
AZUR Environmental
Ltd.
Thermo Nutech, Inc.
Arctic Foundations,
Inc.
Bergmann, a Division
of Linatex, Inc.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
IT Corp.
Sevenson
Environmental
Services, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Terra Therm, Inc.
Harding Lawson
Associates
Technology
GHEA Associates Process
Steam Injection and Vacuum
Extraction
Low, Temperature Thermal
Aeration (LTTA®)
Cryogenic Barrier
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
Spectroscopy
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
Spectroscopy
Immunoassay and Colorrimetry
Infrared Analysis
Solidification and Stabilization
Friedel-Crafts Alkylation Reaction
& Colorimetry
Segmented Gate System
Cryogenic Barrier
Soil and Sediment Washing
Electrokinetic Extraction
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
MAECTITE® Chemical Treatment
Process
Solidification and Stabilization
Cyclone Furnace
In-Siru Thermal Destruction
Two Zone, Plume Interception, In
Situ Treatment Technology
Volume
2
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
3
1
3
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1/2
1
2
Page 310

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Soil (Cent)
Contaminants

SVOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type

Biological
Degradation (Cont)
Contaminant
Survey Systems
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Technology
Vendor
Biotrol®
Ecova Corp.
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
Grace Bioremediation
Technologies
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory and
.INTECH 180 Corp.
New York State Dept.
of Environment
Conservation/ENSR
Consulting and Larson
Engineers
New Yew State Dept.
of Environmental
Conservation/R.E.
Wright
Environmental, Inc.
IT Corp.
Remediation
Technologies, Inc.
Quadrel Services, Inc.
W.L. Gore and
Associates, Inc.
U.S. EPA
Biotherm, LLC
ELI Ecq Logic, Inc.
ELI Eco Logic, Inc.
IIT Research
Institute/Brown and
Root Environmental
Technology
Soil Washing System
Bioslurry Reactor
Chemical and Biological Treatment
Fluid Extraction - Biological
Degradation Process
DARAMEND™ Bioremediation
Technology
Bioventing
Fungal Treatment Technology
Ex Situ Biovault
In Situ Bioventing Treatment
System
Oxygen Microbubble In Situ
Bioremediation
Liquid and Solids Biological
Treatment
Emflux Soil-Gs Survey System
GORE-SORBER Screening Survey
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Biotherm Process™
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Thermal Desorption Unit
Radio Frequency Heating
Volume
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
                                             Page 311

-------
                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Soil (Cont)
Contaminants

SVOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption (Cont)
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
KAI Technologies,
Inc. /Brown and Root
Environmental
Maxymillian
Technologies, Inc.
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
NOVATERRA
Associates
IT Corporation
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
SIVE Services
Smith Environmental
Technologies Corp.
SoilTech ATP
Systems, Inc.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
Arctic Foundations,
Inc.
ARS Technologies,
Inc.
Bergmann, a Division
ofLinatex, Inc.
Center for Hazardous
Materials Research
CF Systems Corp.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
Energia, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Hrubetz
Environmental
Services, Inc.
Technology
Radio Frequency Heating
Thermal Desorption System
GHEA Associates Process
In-Situ Soil Treatments, (Steam/Air
Stripping)
X*TAX™ Thermal Desorption
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Steam Injection and Vacuum
Extraction
Low Temperature Thermal
Aeration(LTTA®)
Anaerobic Thermal Processors
Low Temperature Thermal
Treatment (LT3™) System
Cryogenic Barrier
Pneumatic Fracturing Extraction™
and Catalytic Oxidation
Soil and Sediment Washing
Organics Destruction and Metals
Stabilization
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
Electrokinetic Soil Processing
Reductive Thermal and Photo-
Thermal Oxidation Processes for
Enhanced Conversation of
Chlorocarbons
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
HRUBOUT® Process
Volume
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
I
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
Page 312

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Soil (Cont)
Contaminants

SVOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Samplers
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Technology
Vendor
Ionics RCC
IT Corp.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory
Terra-Kleen Response
Group, Inc.
Terra Vac, Inc.
Toronto Harbor
Commission
Roy F. Weston,
Inc./IEG Technologies
Xerox Corp.
Broker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
U.S. EPA
Art's Manufacturing
and Supply
Geoprobe Systems
Simulprobe
Technologies, Inc.
Chemfix
Technologies, Inc.
Geo-Con, Inc.
STC Remediation. A
Division of Omega
Environmental, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc.
Western Product
Recovery Group, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Technology
B.E.S.T. Solvent Extraction
Technology
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Base-Catalyzed Decomposition
Process
Volume Reduction Unit
Solvent Extraction Treatment
System
In Situ and Ex Situ Vacuum
Extraction
Soil Recycling
UVB - Vacuum Vaporizing Well
2-PHASE™ Extraction Process
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Field Analytical Screening Program
- PCB Method
AMS™ Dual-Tube Liner Soil
Sampler
Large Bore Soil Sampler
Core Barrel Soil Sampler
Solidification and Stabilization
In Situ Solidification and
Stabilization Process
Organic Stabilization and Chemical
Fixation/ Solidification
Solidification and Stabilization
Coordinate, Chemical Bonding, and
Adsorption Treatment
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Volume
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
3
3
1
I
1
1
2
3
                                            Page 313

-------
                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Soil (Cont)
Contaminants

SVOCs (Cont)
VOCs
Treatment Type
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Thermal
Destruction (Cont)
Other
Biological
Degradation
Technology
Vendor
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc. Corp.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Sonotech, Inc.
Svedala Industries,
Inc.
Terra Therm, Inc.
Texaco, Inc.
U. of Dayton Research
Institute
Vortec Corp.
Berkeley
Environmental
Restoration Center
X-19 Biological
Products
Billings and
Associates, Inc.
Bio-Rem, Inc.
Ecova Corp.
Electrokinetics, Inc.
IT Corp.
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory
New York State Dept.
of Environment
Conservation/ENSR
Consulting and Larson
Engineers
New York State Dept.
of Environmental
Conservation/R.E.
Wright
Environmental, Inc.
Technology
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
Fluidized-Bed/Cyclonic
Agglomerating Combustor
Frequency-Tunable Pulse
Combustion System
Pyrokiln Thermal Encapsulation
Process
In-Situ Thermal Destruction
Texaco Gasification Process
Photothermal Detoxification Unit
Vitrification Process
In Situ Stream Enhanced Extraction
Process
Microbial Degradation of PCBs
Subsurface Volatilization and
Ventilation System (SVVS®)
Augmented In Situ Subsurface
Bioremediation Process
Bioslurry Reactor
In situ Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injection
Oxygen Microbubble in Situ
Bioremediation
Bioventing
Ex Situ Biovault
In Situ Bioventing Treatment
System
Volume
3
1/2
2
1
2

1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
Page 314

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Soil (Cont)
.Soil (Cont)
Contaminants
VOCs (Cont)
VOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type
Biological
Degradation (Cont)
Contaminant
Survey Systems
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption (Cont)
Technology
Vendor
New York State Dept.
of Environmental
Conservation/SBP
Technologies, Inc.
New York State Dept.
of Environmental
Conservation/SBP
Technologies, Inc.
Phytokinetics, Inc.
Phytokinetics, Inc.
Quadrel Services, Inc.
W.L. Gore and
Associates, Inc.
AEA Technology
Environment
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory. U. of
Cincinnati and FREX,
Inc.
U.S. EPA
Biotherm, LLC
Current
Environmental
Solutions
Geokinetics
International, Inc.
Hughes
Environmental
Systems, Inc.
IIT Research
Institute/Brown and
Root Environmental
Kai Technologies,
Inc. /Brown and Root
Environmental
Maxymillian
Technologies, Inc.
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
Technology
Groundwater Circulation Biological
Treatment Process
Vacuum-Vaporized Well System
Phytoremediation of Contaminated
Soils
Phytoremediation Process
Emflux Soil-Gas Survey System
GORE-SORBER Screening Survey
Soil Separation and Washing
Process
Hydraulic Fracturing
Excavation Techniques and Foam
Suppression Methods
Biotherm Process™
Six Phase Heating at TCE
Electroheat-Enhanced Nonaqueous
Phase Liquids Removal
Steam Enhanced Recovery Process
Radio Frequency Heating
Radio Frequency Heating
Thermal Desorption System
GHEA Associates Process
Volume
1
1
2
1
3
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
                                            Page 315

-------
                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Soil (Cont)
Contaminants

VOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Technology
Vendor
NOVATERRA
Associates
Praxis Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Recycling Sciences
International, Inc.
SIVE Services
Smith Environmental
Technologies Corp.
SoilTech ATP
Systems, Inc.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
Arctic Foundations,
Inc.
ARS Technologies,
Inc.
Arizona State U./
Zentox Corp.
AWD Technologies,
Inc.
Berkeley
Environmental
Restoration Center
CF Systems Corp.
Energia, Inc.
Energia, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Hrubetz
Environmental
Services, Inc.
Technology
In-Situ Soil Treatments, (Steam/ Air
Stripping)
In Situ Thermally Enhanced
Extraction (TEE) Process
Desorption and Vapor Extraction
System
Steam Injection and Vacuum
Extraction
Low Temperature Thermal Aeration
(LTTA®)
Anaerobic Thermal Processor
Low Temperature Thermal
Treatment (LT3®) System
Cryogenic Barrier
Pneumatic Fracturing Extraction™
and Catalytic Oxidation
Photocatalytic Oxidation with Air
Stripping
Aqua Detox®/SVE System
In Situ Stream Enhanced Extraction
Process
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
Reductive Photo-Dechlorination
Treatment
Reductive Thermal and Photo-
Thermal Oxidation Processes for
Enhanced Conversion of
Chlorocarbons
Supercritical Extraction/Liquid
Phase Oxidation
High-Energy Electron Irradiation
HRUBOUT® Process
Volume
1
1
1
1
1
i
i
i
i
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
Page 316

-------
APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Soil (Cont)
Contaminants

VOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Samplers
Technology
Vendor
Ionics RCC
IT Corp.
IT Corp.
IT Corp.
KSE, Inc.
Morrison Knudsen
Corp./Sptstamponazhg
eologia
Enterprises/STG
Technologies
National Risk
Management Research
Laboratory
Pulse Sciences, Inc.
Radian International
LLC
Terra-Kleen Response
Group, Inc.
Terra Vac, Inc.
Roy F. Weston,
Inc./IEG Technologies
Xerox Corp.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
HNU Systems, Inc.
Photovac Monitoring
Instruments
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Clements, Inc.
Technology
B.E.S.T. Solvent Extraction
Technology
Batch Steam Distillation and Metals
Extraction
(KMnO4 (Potassium Permanganate)
Oxidation of TCE)
Mixed Waste Treatment Process
Adsorption-Integrated-Reaction
Process
Clay-Base Grouting Technology
Volume Reduction Unit
X-Ray Treatment of Organically
Contaminated Soils
Integrated Vapor Extraction and
Steam Vacuum Stripping and Soil
Vapor Extraction/ Reinjection
Solvent Extraction Treatment
System
In Situ and Ex Situ Vacuum
Extraction
UVB - Vacuum Vaporizing Well
2-PHASE™ EXTRACTION Process
Mobile Environmental Monitor
HNU GC 3 1 ID Portable Gas
Chromatograph
PE Photovac Voyager Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Field Analytical Screening Program
- PCB Method
JMC Environmentalist's Subsoil
Probe
Volume
1
2
1
2
1/2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
3
3
3
                                             Page 317

-------
                     APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Soil (Cont)
Solids
Contaminants

VOCs (Cont)
Other
Dioxins
Furans
Heavy Metals
Treatment Type

Sensors
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Thermal
Destruction (Cont)
Cone
Penetrometers
Samplers
Solidification/
Stabilization
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
s Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
Simulprobe
Technologies, Inc.
Dexsil Corporation
Fugro Geosciences,
Inc.
Geoprobe Systems
Geo-Con, Inc.
WASTECH, Inc.
Western Product
Recovery Group, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Hanby Environmental
Laboratory Procedure,
Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Gas Technology
Institute
Sonotech, Inc.
Svedala Industries,
Inc.
Texaco, Inc.
Vortec Corp.
Tri-Services
ART's Manufacturing
and Supply
STC Remediation, a
Division of Omega
Environmental, Inc.
Active Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Active Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Active Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Technology
Core Barrel Soil Sampler
Emulsion Turbidimetry
Rapid Optical Screening Tool
Geoprobe Conductivity System
hi Situ Solidification and
Stabilization Process
Solidification and Stabilization
Coordinate, Chemical Bonding, and
Absorption Treatment
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Test Kits for Organic Contaminants
in Soil and Water
Hybrid Fluidized Bed System
Fluidized-Bed/Cyclonic
Agglomerating Combustor
Frequency-Tunable Pulse
Combustion System
Pyrokiln Thermal Encapsulation
Process
Texaco Gasification Process
Vitrification Process
Site Characterization Analysis
Penetrometer System (SCAPS)
Sediment Core Sampler
Organic Stabilization and Chemical
Fixation/ Solidification
TechXtract™ Process
TechXtract™ Process
TechXtract™ Process
Volume
3
3
3
3
1
1
2
3
3
2
2
1
2
1
1
3
3
1
1
1
1
Page 318

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Solids
(Cont)
Waste
Water
Contaminants

Inorganics
Metals
Mercury
Organics
PCBs
Pesticides
Radionuclides
Other
Aromatic VOCs
Treatment Type
Solidification/
Stabilization
Thermal
Destruction
Solidification/
Stabilization
Thermal
Destruction
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Solidification/
Stabilization
Thermal
Destruction
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Solidification/
Stabilization
Thermal
Destruction
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Solidification/
Stabilization
Thermal
Destruction
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Solidification/
Stabilization
Biological
Degradation
Technology
Vendor
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
Active Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
Bionebraska, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
Active Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Active Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Gas Technology
Institute
Gas Technology
Institute
Active Environmental,
Inc.
Active Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
U.S. EPA NRMRL
Biotrol®
Electrokinetics, Inc.
ZENON
Environmental, Inc.
Technology
Cement-Lock Technology
Cement-Lock Technology
Cement-Lock Technology
Cement-Lock Technology
TechXtract™ Process
Cement-Lock Technology
Cement-Lock Technology
BiMelyze® Mercury Immunoassay
Cement-Lock Technology
Cement-Lock Technology
TechXtract™ Process
TechXtract™ Process
Cement-Lock Technology
Cement-Lock Technology
TechXtract™ Process
Tech Xtract Decontamination
Process
Alternative Cover Assessment
Program
Biological Aqueous Treatment
System
hi Situ Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injection
ZenoGem™ Process
Volume
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
                                             Page 319

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                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Waste
water
(Cont)
Contaminants

Aromatic VOCs
(Cont)
Cyanide
Treatment Type
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Biological
Degradation
Technology
Vendor
Rochem Separation
Systems, Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Magnum Water
Technology
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Pulse Sciences, Inc.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
Analytical and
Remedial Technology,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
HNU Systems, Inc.
Sentex Sensing
Technology, Inc.
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Hanby Environmental
Laboratory Procedure,
Inc.
Pintail Systems, Inc.
Technology
Rochem Disc Tube™ Module
System
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
High Energy Electron Irradiation
CAV-OX® Process
Photocatalytic Water Treatment
X-Ray Treatment of Aqueous
Solutions
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Cross Flow Pervaporation System
Automated Sampling and
Analytical Platform
Mobile Environmental Monitor
HNU GC 3 1 1 D Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Field Analytical Screening Program
- PCB Method
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Test Kits for Organic Contaminants
in Soil and Water
Spent Ore Bioremediation Process
Volume
1
1
2
1
1
1/2
2
1
1
3
3
3
3
3
3
1
3
3
1
Page 320

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Waste
water
(Cont)
Contaminants
Diesel
Dioxins
Dioxins (Cont)
Explosives
Furans
Treatment Type
Spectrometer
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Thermal
Destruction
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chem ical
Treatment
Solidification/
Stabilization
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
SiteLAB Corporation
ELI Eco Logic Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
U.S. Filter/WTS
ULtrox
Retech, Inc.
ELI Eco Logic Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Matrix Photocatalytic
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Technology
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
Spectroscopy
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High Energy Electron Irradiation
Photocatalytic Water Treatment
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Mobile Environmental Monitor
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Cyclone Furnace
GHEA Associates Process
Ultraviolet Radiation and Oxidation
Plasma Heat
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High Energy Electron Irradiation
Photocatalytic Water Treatment
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Volume
3
1
1
1
1/2
1
3
1
3
1/2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1/2
1
                                             Page 321

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                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Waste
water
(Cont)
Waste
water
(Cont)
Contaminants
Furans (Cont)
Gasoline
Halogenated
VOCs
Halogenated
VOCs (Cont)
Treatment Type
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Thermal
Destruction
Spectrometer
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Technology
Vendor
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
SiteLAB Corporation
Biotrol®
ZENON
Environmental, Inc.
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
CF Systems Corp.
EnviroMetal
Technologies, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Magnum Water
Technology
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Pulse Sciences, Inc.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
U.S. Filter/WTS
Ultrox
UV Technologies, Inc.
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
Technology
Mobile Environmental Monitor
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Cyclone Furnace
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
Spectroscopy
Biological Aqueous Treatment
System
ZenoGem™ Process
GHEA Associates Process
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
In Situ and Ex Situ Metal Enhanced
Abiotic Degradation of Dissolved
Halogenated Organic Compounds
in Groundwater
High Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
High Energy Electron Irradiation
CAV-OX® Process
Photocatalytic Water Treatment
X-Ray Treatment of Aqueous
Solutions
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Ultraviolet Radiation and Oxidation
PhotoCAT™ Process
Ambersorb™ 563 Absorbent
Volume
3
1
3
1/2
3
1
1
2
1
I
2
1
1
1/2
2
1
I
2
2
Page 322

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Waste
water
(Cont)
Contaminants

Heavy Metals
Heavy Minerals
Herbicides
Herbicides
(Cont)
Treatment Type

Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Thermal
Destruction
Field Portable X-
Ray Fluorescence
Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Solidification/
Stabilization
Biological
Degradation
Biological
Degradation (Cont)
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
Analytical and
Remedial Technology,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Sentex Sensing
Technology, Inc.
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
HNU Systems, Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Retech, Inc.
Biotrol®
Electrokinetics, Inc.
ZENON
Environmental, Inc.
ELI ECO Logic Inc.
CF Systems Corp.
Geokinetics
International, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Technology
Cross Flow Pervaporation System
Automated Sampling and
Analytical Platform
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Field Analytical Screening Program
- PCB Method
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Hybrid Fluidized Bed System
HNU Source Excited Fluorescence
analyzer-Portable (SEFA-P) X-Ray
Fluorescence Analyzer
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Plasma Heat
Biological Aqueous Treatment
System
In Situ Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injection
ZenoGem™ Process
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
Electrokinetics for NSFO
Mobilization
High Energy Electron Irradiation
Volume
I
3
3
3
3
3
1
3
2
3
3
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
                                            Page 323

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                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Waste
water
(Cont)
Contaminants
e
Inorganics
Mercury
Metals
Treatment Type

Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Field Portable X-
Ray Fluorescence
Solidification/
Stabilization
Solidification/
Stabilization
Biological
Degradation
Field Portable X-
Ray Fluorescence
Physical/Chemical
Radioactive Waste
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Technology
Vendor
Magnum Water
Technology
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
HNU Systems, Inc.
Retech, Inc.
Retech, Inc.
Colorado Dept. of
Public Health and
Environmental
Pintail Systems, Inc.
Pintail Systems, Inc.
HNU Systems, Inc.
Metorex, Inc.
Filter Flow
Technology, Inc.
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
Rochem Separation
Systems, Inc.
Technology
CAV-OX® Process
Photocatalytic Water Treatment
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Mobile Environmental Monitor
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
HNU Source Excited Fluorescence
Analyzer-Portable (SEFA-P) X-Ray
Fluorescence Analyzer
Plasma Heat
Plasma Heat
Constructed Wetlands-Based
Treatment
Biomineralization of Metals
Spent Ore Bioremediation Process
HNU Source Excited Fluorescence
Analyzer-Portable (SEFA-P) X-Ray
Fluorescence Analyzer
Field Portable X-Ray Fluorescence
Analysis
Colloid Polishing Filter Method
GHEA Associates Process
Rochem Disc Tube™ Module
System
Volume
1
1/2
1
3
1
3
3
1/2
3
1
1
1
2
1
3
3
1
2
1
Page 324

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Waste
water
(Cont)
Contaminants

Metals (Cont)
Treatment Type
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Thermal
Destruction
Technology
Vendor
Atomic Energy of
Canada, Limited
Atomic Energy of
Canada, Limited
E.I. DuPont De
Nemours and
Company, and Oberlin
Filter Co.
Dynaphore, Inc.
EnviroMetal
Technologies, Inc.
EPOC Water, Inc.
General
Environmental
Corporation
Lewis Environmental
Services, Inc./
Hickson Corp.
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Morrison Knudsen
Corporation/Spetstam
ponazhgeologia
Enterprises/STG
Technologies
RECRA
Environmental, Inc.
Region 8 and State of
Colorado
Selentec
Environmental, Inc.
U. of Washington
HNU Systems, Inc.
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Technology
Chemical Treatment and
Ultrafiltration
Ultrasonic-Aided Leachate
Treatment
Membrane Microfiltration
FORAGER® Sponge
Reactive Barrier
Precipitation Microfiltration, and
Sludge Dewatering
CURE® Electrocoagulation
Wastewater Treatment System
Chromated Copper Arsenic Soil
Leaching Process
Photocatalytic Water Treatment
Clay-Base Grouting Technology
Alternating Current
Electrocoagulation Technology
Multiple Innovative Passive Mine
Drainage Technologies
Selentec MAG*SEP Technology
Adsorptive Filtration
HNU GC 3 1 ID Portable Gas
Chromatograph
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Cyclone Furnace
Hybrid Fluidized Bed System
Volume
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1/2
1
2
1
1
2
3
1
1/2
2
                                            Page 325

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                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Waste
water
(Cont)
Contaminants
Organic
PAHs
PCBs
PCBs (Cont)
Treatment Type
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Solidification/
Stabilization
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Spectrometer
Biological
Degradation
Field Portable X-
Ray Fluorescence
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
Geokinetics
International, Inc.
Retech, Inc.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
SRI Instruments
SiteLAB Corporation
ZENON
Environmental, Inc.
Metorex, Inc.
ELI Eco Logic Inc.
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
Calgon Carbon
Oxidation
Technologies
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Magnum Water
Technology
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Morrison Knudsen
Corporation/Spetstam
ponazhgeologia
Enterprises/STG
Technologies
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Technology
Electrokinetics for NSFO
Mobilization
Plasma Heat
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
Spectroscopy
ZenoGem™ Process
Field Portable X-Ray Fluorescence
Analysis
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
GHEA Associates Process
perox-pure™ Chemical Oxidation
Technology
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
High Energy Electron Irradiation
CAV-OX® Process
Photocatalytic Water Treatment
Clay-Base Grouting Technology
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Volume
1
1
I
3
3
3
1
3
I
2
1
1
2
1
1
1/2
1
1
Page 326

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Waste
water
(Cont)
Contaminants

PCBs (Cont)
PCP
Pesticides
Treatment Type

Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
(Cont)
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Test Kits
Biological
Degradation
Technology
Vendor
U.S. Filter/WTS
Ultrox
Broker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
HNU Systems, Inc.
Sentex Sensing
Technology, Inc.
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Hanby Environmental
Laboratory Procedure,
Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research corp.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
U.S. Filter/WTS
Ultrox
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Biotrol®
Electrokinetics, Inc.
Technology
Ultraviolet Radiation and Oxidation
Mobile Environmental Monitor
HNU Source Excited Fluorescence
Analyzer-Portable (SEFA-P) X-Ray
Fluorescence Analyzer
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Field Analytical Screening Program
- PCB Method
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Ensys Penta Test System
Test Kits for Organic Contaminants
in Soil and Water
Cyclone Furnace
Hybrid Fluidized Bed System
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Ultraviolet Radiation and Oxidation
Ensys Penta Test System
EnviroGard™ PCP Immunoassay
Test Kit
RaPID Assay®
Biological Aqueous Treatment
System
In gitu Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injection
Volume
1
3
3
3
3
3
1
3
3
3
1/2
2
1
1
3
3
3
1
2
                                            Page 327

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                     APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Waste
water
(Cont)
Waste
water
(Cont)
Contaminants

Pesticides (Cont)
Pesticides (Cont)
Treatment Type

Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Technology
Vendor
ZENON
Environmental, Inc.
ELI Eco Logic Inc.
Calgon Carbon
Oxidation
Technologies
CF Systems Corp.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Magnum Water
Technology
Matrix Photocatalytic
Inc.
Morrison Knudsen
Corporation/Spetstam
ponazhgeolo
Enterprises/STG
Technologies
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
U.S. Filter/WTS
Ultrox
Broker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
Sentex Sensing
Technology, Inc.
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Hanby Environmental
Laboratory Procedure,
Inc.
Technology
ZenoGem™ Process
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
perox-pure™ Chemical Oxidation
Technology
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
High Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
High Energy Electron Irradiation
CAV-OX® Process
Photocatalytic Water Treatment
Clay-Base Grouting Technology
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Ultraviolet Radiation and Oxidation
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Field Analytical Screening
Program-PCB Method
PO*WW*ER™ Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Test Kits for Organic Contaminants
in Soil and Water
Volume
1
1
1
1
2
1
I
1/2
1
, 1
1
3
3
3
3
1
3
3
Page 328

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Waste
water
(Cent)
Contaminants

Petroleum
Hydrocarbons
Radionuclides
Radionuclides
(Cont)
SVOCs
Treatment Type

Thermal
Destruction
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Spectrometer
Test Kits
Physical/Chemical
Radioactive Waste
Treatments
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Physical/Chemical
Treatment (Cont)
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Technology
Vendor
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc. Corp.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
New Jersey institute
of Technology
Calgon Carbon
Oxidation
Technologies
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
SRI Instruments
Horiba Instruments,
Inc.
SiteLAB Corporation
Wilks Enterprise, Inc.
Idetek, Inc.
Filter Flow
Technology, Inc.
Atomic Energy of
Canada, Limited
Atomic Energy of
Canada, Limited
Selentec
Environmental, Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Biotrol®
ZENON
Environmental, Inc.
Technology
Ensys Penta Test System
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
Hybrid Fluidized Bed System
GHEA Associates Process
perox-pure™ Chemical Oxidation
Technology
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Infrared Analysis
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
Spectroscopy
Infrared Analysis
Equate® Immunoassay
Colloid Polishing Filter Method
Chemical Treatment and
Ultrafiltration
Ultrasonic-Aided Leachate
Treatment
Selentec MAG* SEP Technology
Cyclone Furnace
Biological Aqueous Treatment
System
ZenoGem™ Process
Volume
3
3
1/2
2
2
I
1
3
3
3
3
3
1
2
2
1
1/2
1
1
                                            Page 329

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                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Waste
water
(Cont)
Contaminants

Radionuclides
Radionuclides
(Cont)
SVOCs
Treatment Type
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Spectrometer
Test Kits
Physical/Chemical
Radioactive Waste
Treatments
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
ELI Eco Logic Inc.
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
Calgon Carbon
Oxidation
Technologies
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
SRI Instruments
Horiba Instruments,
Inc.
SiteLAB Corporation
Wilks Enterprise, Inc.
Idetek, Inc.
Filter Flow
Technology, Inc.
Atomic Energy of
Canada, Limited
Atomic Energy of
Canada, Limited
Selentec
Environmental, Inc.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Biotrol®
ZENON
Environmental, Inc.
ELI Eco Logic Inc.
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
Calgon Carbon
Oxidation
Technologies
CF Systems Corp.
Technology
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
GHEA Associates Process
perox-pure™ Chemical Oxidation
Technology
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Infrared Analysis
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
Spectroscopy
Infrared Analysis
Equate® Immunoassay
Colloid Polishing Filter Method
Chemical Treatment and
Ultrafiltration
Ultrasonic-Aided Leachate
Treatment
Selentec MAG* SEP Technology
Cyclone Furnace
Biological Aqueous Treatment
System
ZenoGem™ Process
Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Process
GHEA Associates Process
perox-pure™ Chemical Oxidation
Technology
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
Volume
1
2
1
1
3
3
3
3
3
1
2
2
1
1/2
1
1
1
2
1
1
Page 330

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Waste
water
(Cont)
Contaminants

SVOCs (Cont)
VOCs
Treatment Type

Portable Gas
Chromatographs
Solidification/
Stabilization
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Pulse Sciences, Inc.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Analytical and
Remedial Technology,
Inc.
Bruker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
U.S. EPA
Wheelaborator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Strategic Diagnostics,
Inc., Corp.
BWX Technologies,
Inc.
Biotrol®
Electrokinetics, Inc.
ZENON
Environmental, Inc.
New Jersey Institute
of Technology
Rochem Separation
Systems, Inc.
Calgon Carbon
Oxidation
Technologies
CF Systems Corp.
EnviroMetal
Technologies, Inc.
Technology
High Energy Electron Beam
Irradiation
High Energy Electron Irradiation
X-Ray Treatment of Aqueous
Solutions
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Automated Sampling and
Analytical Platform
Mobile Environmental Monitor
Field Analytical Screening Program
- PCB Method
PO* WW*ER Technology
RaPID Assay®
Cyclone Furnace
Biological Aqueous Treatment
System
In Situ Bioremediation by
Electrokinetic Injection
ZenoGem™ Process
GHEA Associates Process
Rochem Disc Tube™ Module
System
perox-pure™ Chemical Oxidation
Technology
Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
(LG-SX) Technology
In Situ and Ex Situ metal Enhanced
Abiotic Degradation of Dissolved
Halogenated Organic Compounds
in Groundwater
Volume
2
1
2
1
3
3
3
1
3
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1 .
1
                                            Page 331

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                    APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Waste
water
(Cont)
Contaminants

VOCs (Cont)
Other
Treatment Type

Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Solidification/
Stabilization
Spectrometers
Test Kits
Thermal
Destruction
Biological
Degradation
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
EnviroMetal
Technologies, lac.
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Pulse Sciences, Inc.
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
U.S. Filter/WTS
Ultrox
UV Technologies, Inc.
Roy F. Weston,, Inc.
ZENON
Environmental Inc.
Broker Analytical
Systems, Inc.
HNU Systems, Inc.
Sentex Sensing
Technology, Inc.
SRI Instruments
U.S. EPA
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems, Inc.
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.,
and PCP, Inc.
Hanby Environmental
Laboratory Procedure,
Inc.
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
EcoMat, Inc.
North American
Technologies, Group,
Inc.
Technology
Reactive Barrier
High Energy Electron Irradiation
X-Ray Treatment of Aqueous
Solutions
Membrane Filtration and
Bioremediation
Ultraviolet Radiation and Oxidation
PhotoCAT™ Process
Ambersorb™ 563 Absorbent
Cross Flow Pervaporation System
Mobile Environmental Monitor
HNU Source Excited Fluorescence
Analyzer-Portable (SEFA-P) X-Ray
Fluorescence Analyzer
Scentograph Plus II Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Compact Gas Chromatograph
Field Analytical Screening Program
- PCB Method
PO* WW*ER Technology
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Test Kits for Organic Contaminants
in Soil and Water
Hybrid Fluidized Bed System
Biological Denitrificaiton Process
Oleophilic Amine-Coated Ceramic
Chip
Volume
I
1
2
1
1
2
2
1
3
3
3
3
3
1
3
3
2

1
Page 332

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APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media

Other
Other
(Cont)
Contaminants

Aromatic VOCs
Dioxins
Furans
Furans (Cont)
Halogenated
VOCs
Metals
PCBs
Pesticides
SVOCs
Treatment Type

Solidification/
Stabilization
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Solidification/
Stabilization
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Solidification/
Stabilization
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Solidification/
Stabilization
Field Portable
X-Ray
Fluorescence
Materials Handling
Solidification/
Stabilization
Thermal
Destruction
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Solidification/
Stabilization
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Solidification/
Stabilization
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Technology
Vendor
RECRA
Environmental, Inc.
Western Product
Recovery Group, Inc.
Terra-Kleen Response
Group, Inc.
Geosafe Corp.
Terra-Kleen Response
Group, Inc.
Geosafe Corp.
Process Technologies,
Inc.
Geosafe Corp.
NITON Corp.
TN Spectrace
AEA Technology
Environment
Geosafe Corp.
Western Product
Recovery Group, Inc.
Concurrent
Technologies
Terra-Kleen Response
Group, Inc.
Geosafe Corp.
Terra-Kleen Response
Group, Inc.
Geosafe Corp.
Process Technologies,
Inc.
Terra-Kleen Response
Group, Inc.
Technology
Alternating Current
Electrocoagulation Technology
Coordinate, Chemical Bonding, and
Adsorption Treatment
Solvent Extraction Treatment
System
GeoMelt Vitrification
Solvent Extraction Treatment
System
GeoMelt Vitrification
Photolytic Destruction of Vapor-
phase Halogens
GeoMelt Vitrification
XL Spectrum Analyzer
9000 X-Ray Fluorescence Analyzer
and Lead X-Ray Fluorescence
Analyzer
Soil Separation and Washing
Process
GeoMelt Vitrification
Coordinate, Chemical bonding, and
Adsorption Treatment
Smelting Lead-Containing Wastes
Solvent Extraction Treatment
System
GeoMelt Vitrification
Solvent Extraction Treatment
System
GeoMelt Vitrification
Photolytic Destruction of Vapor-
Phase Halogens
Solvent Extraction Treatment
System
Volume
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
                                           Page 333

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                   APPLICABILITY INDEX (CONTINUED)
Media
Other
(Cont)
Contaminants

VOCs
VOCs (Cont)
Not Applicable
Treatment Type
Solidification/
Stabilization
Materials Handling
Physical/Chemical
Thermal
Desorption
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
Solidification/
Stabilization
Capping/
Containment
Containment
Survey Systems
Data Management
Systems
Technology
Vendor
Western Product
Recovery Group, Inc.
AEA Technology
Environment
Process Technologies,
Inc.
Terra-Kleen Response
Group, Inc.
Western Product
Recovery Group, Inc.
Wilder Construction
Co.
Earthsoft
Earthsoft
CIS/Solutions, Inc.
Technology
Coordinate, Chemical Bonding, and
Adsorption Treatment
Soil Separation and Washing
Process
Photolytic Destruction of Vapor-
Phase Halogens
Solvent Extraction Treatment
System
Coordinate, Chemical Bonding, and
Adsorption Treatment
Matcon Modified Asphalt Cap.
Equis Environmental Data
Management System
Equis Environmental Data
Management System
GIA/Key™ Environmental Data
Manaopmpnt Svstfim
Volume
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
I
Page 334

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                                                                             TABLES
                               Completed SITE Emerging Technology Program Projects as of September 2002
                   Developer
                               Technology
 Technology Ceft&ct
    fePA Project
     Manager
                                                                                                                              Applicable Waste.
                                                                                                                       t mil-same
         Active Environmental, Inc.
         (formerly EET, Inc.)
         Mounty Holly, NJ	
                          TechXract®
                          Decontamination
                          Process
Scott Fay
  609-702-1500
Dennis Timberlake
  513-569-7547
Porous Solid
Materials
Heavy Metals,
Radionuclides
PCBs, Hydrocarbons
         ART International, Inc.
         {formerly Enviro-Sciences, Inc.)
         Denville, NJ
                          Low-Energy Extraction
                          Process
Werner Steiner
  973-627-7601
Randy Parker
  513-569-7271
Soil, Sludge,
Sediment
Not Applicable
Tar, Creosote, PCBs,
Chlorinated
Hydrocarbons, PAHs,
Pesticides
         Atomic Energy of Canada,
           Limited
         Chalk River, Ontario, Canada
                          Ultrasonic-Aided
                          Leachate Treatment
Dr. Shiv Vijayan
Shaun Comam
  613-584-3311
Randy Parker
  513-569-7271
Acid Mine
Drainage
Heavy Metals,
Radionuclides
Not Applicable
                                                         ffftttyOi VIKHUfHII .
         BioTrol*
         Eden Prairie, MN
                          Methanotrophic
                          Bioreactor System
Durell Dobbins
  320-942-8032
Randy Parker
  513-569-7271
Water
Not Applicable
Halogenated
Hydrocarbons
         I^m&tf
         COGNIS, Inc.
          Santa Rosa, CA
                          Biological/Chemical
                          Treatment
Bill Fristad
 248-583-9300
Steven Rock
  513-569-7149
Soil, Sludge,
Sediment
Heavy Metals
Nonspecific Organics
                                                                                                gfedi&gnt
         Colorado Department of Public
           Health & Environment***
         Denver, CO
                          Constructed Wetlands-
                          Based Treatment
James Lewis
  303-692-3390
Edward Bates
  513-569-7774
Acid Mine
Drainage
Metals
Not Applicable
 u
(TO
 'Jl
Solicitation number
Invited to participate in the SITE Demonstration Program
SITE Demonstration Program participant.  Refer to the profile in the Demonstration Program Section (Completed and Ongoing Projects)
for more information.

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era
n
w
                                                                    TABLE 3 (Continued)
                               Completed SITE Emerging Technology Program Projects as of September 2002
                   Developer
                                Technology
 Technology Contact
    EPA Project
     Manager
                                                                                                  Applicable
                                                                                                                            Applicable Waste
                                                                                                                     Inorganic
                                                                                                                                Organic
          Concurrent Technologies
          | formerly Center for Hazardous
            Materials Research)
          Pittsburgh, PA
                           Organics Destruction
                           and Metals Stabilization
Brian Bosilovich
  412-577-2662
  ext. 230
Randy Parker
  513-569-7271
Soil, Sediment
Heavy Metals
Nonspecific Organics
  ia#!mn|
    Mffiytf
B'^jttcw*
 Pittsburgh.!
                               3ft* V,,
          Eberline Services, Inc.
          [formerly Thermo Nutech,
            Inc./TMA Thermo Analytical,
            Inc.)
          Albuquerque, MN
                            Segmented Gate System
Joseph W. Kimbrell
  505-262-2694
Vince Gallardo
  513-569-7176
Soil, Sludge,
Sediment, Sand
Gamma-Ray Emitting
Radionuclides
Not Applicable
          Electrokinetics, Inc.
          Baton Rouge, LA
                            In Situ Bioremediation
                            by Electrokinetic
                            Injection
ElifChiasson
  225-753-8004
Randy Parker
  513-569-7271
Soil, Sludge,
Sediment
Heavy Metals
Nonspecific Organics
          Energia, Inc.
          Princeton, NJ
                            Reductive Thermal and
                            Photo-Thermal
                            Oxidation Processes for
                            Enhanced Conversion ol
                            Chlorocarbons
Dr. Moshe Lavid
  609-799-7970
Michelle Simon
  513-569-7469
                                                                                               Air Streams
                Not Applicable
                      Volatile Chlorinated
                      Hydrocarbons
             Solicitation number
             Invited to participate in the SITE Demonstration Program
             SITE Demonstration Program participant. Refer to the profile in the Demonstration Program Section (Completed and Ongoing Projects)
             for more information.

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                                                                    TABLE 3 (Continued)
                               Completed SITE Emerging Technology Program Projects as of September 2002
                  ^Developer
                             'Technology
 Technology Cimtacl,
                      Appticaj&te
                        mVf»> 1
                                                                                                                              Applicalile Waste
                                                                                                                       Itioreanie
                                                                                                                                 Organic
         Energy and Environmental
           Research Corporation
         Irvine, CA
                         Reactor Filter System
Neil Widmer
  949-859-8851
Steven Rock
  513-569-7149
Gas Emissions
Volatile Toxic Metals
                                                                                                 Condensed-Phase
                                                                                                 Organics
                                                                                                          tr
                                                                                                     ^•W^fjw >$
                                                                                                            il—
         Ferro Corporation
         Independence, OH
                         Waste Vitrification
                         Through Electric
                         Melting	
Emilio Spinosa
  216-641-8585
Randy Parker
  513-569-7271
Soil, Sludge,
Sediment
Nonspecific Inorganics
                                                                                                 Nonspecific Organics
         Gas Technology Institute"
         Des Plaines, IL
Fluid Extraction-
Biological Degradation
Process
                                              Robert Paterek
                                               847-768-0722
                    Valdis Kukainis
                      513-569-7655
                   Soil, Sludge,
                   Sediment
                 Not Applicable
                      Nonspecific Organics
         Gas Technology Institute
         Des Plaines, IL
                          Supercritical
                          Extraction/Liquid Phase
                          Oxidation
Anil Gayal
 847-544-0605
Michael Mensinger
  847-544-0602
Valdis Kukainis
 513-569-7955
Soil, Sludge
Not Applicable
                                                                                                 PAHs, PCBs, Other
                                                                                                 Organics
         Geo-Microbial Technologies,
           I He.
         Qchelata. OK
                         Metals Release and
                         Removal from Wastes
Donald Hitzman
 918-535-2281
Randy Parker
 513-569-7271
Sludge, Soil
Metals
                                                                                                 Nonspecific Organics
         Harding ESE, A Mactec
           Company
         (formerly ABB Environmental
           Services, Inc.)
         Wakefield. MA*
                          Two-Zone, Plume
                          Interception, In Situ
                          Treatment Strategy
Willard Murray
  781-245-6606
Randy Parker
  513-569-7271
Groundwater, Soil
Inorganic Chloride
                                                                                                  Chlorinated and
                                                                                                  Nonchlorinated Organic
                                                                                                  Compounds
•8
Solicitation number
Invited to participate in the SITE Demonstration Program
SITE Demonstration Program participant.  Refer to the profile in the Demonstration Program Section (Completed and Ongoing Projects)
for more information.

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                                                                     TABLE 3 (Continued)
                               Completed SITE Emerging Technology Program Projects as of September 2002
00
                  Developer
     Technology
 Technology Contact
    EPA Project
     Manager
                                                                                                                       Inorcanic
                                                                                                        Organic
         IT Corporation
         Knoxville, TN
Batch Steam Distillation
and Metal Extraction
Stuart Shealy
  865-690-3211
Randy Parker
  513-569-7271
Soil, Sludge,
Sediment
Heavy Metals, Other
Inorganics
'TrTrrr^'T1
                                                                                                                              Nonspecific Organics
         IT Corporation,
         Knoxville. TN
Mixed Waste Treatment
Process
Ed Alperin
  865-690-3211
Douglas Grosse
  513-569-7844
Soil, Sludge
Nonspecific Inorganics,
Radinuclides
                                                                                                                              Nonspecific Organics
         IT Corporation
         Knoxville, TN
Photolytic and
Biological Soil
Detoxification
Duane Graves
  865-690-3211
Pvandy Parker
  513-569-7271
Soil
Not Applicable
                                                                                                                              PCBs, Pesticides,
                                                                                                                              Dioxins, PAHs
                                                                             •vi
         KSK, Inc.
         Amherst, MA
Adsorption-Integrated-
Reaction Process
Dr. J.R. Kittrell
 413-549-5506
Vince Gallardo
 513-569-7176
Air Streams
Not Applicable
                                                                                                                              VOCs
         Kvaerner Energy &
           Environment
         (formerly Davy International
           Environmental Division)
         Cleveland, England
         Jl «f >!tW«R'»!^«utSUUI!ffi
Chemical Treatment
Simon Clarke
  011-44-1642-
  602221
Vince Gallardo
 513-569-7176
Soil
Metals
                                                                                                  PCBs, Chlorinated
                                                                                                  Solvents, Pesticides
Matrix Photocatalytic Inc."*
London, Ontario, Canada
                                     Photocatalytic Aqueous
                                     Phase Organic
                                     Destruction
                    Bob Henderson
                      519-660-8669
                    Richard Eilers
                      513-569-7809
                   Wastewater,
                   Groundwater,
                   Process Water
                 Nonspecific Inorganics
                      Most Organics
            Solicitation number
            Invited to participate in the SITE Demonstration Program
            SITE Demonstration Program participant. Refer to the profile in the Demonstration Program Section (Completed and Ongoing Projects)
            for more information.

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                                                                 TABLE 3 (Continued)
                             Completed  SITE Emerging Technology Program Projects as of September 2002
                Developer
    Technology
 Technology Con tact
   £PA Project
     Manager
                                                                                               Applicable
                                                                                                                          Applicable Waste
                                                                                                                1 1  Inorganic
                                                                                                     Organic
       Pittsburgh.'
                                                                                             )ecoiitain
       Membrane Technology and
         Research, Inc.
       Menlo Park, CA
VaporSep® Membrane
Process
Marc Jacobs
Doug Gottschlich
  650-328-2228
Paul dePercin
  513-569-7797
Gaseous Waste
Streams
Not Applicable
Halogenated and
Nonhalogenated
Organics	
       Montana College of Mineral
         Science and Technology
       Butte, MT  	
Air-Sparged
Hydrocyclone
Courtney Young
  406-496-4158
Ed Bates
  513-569-7774
Solids (Fine
Particles)
Metals
Not Applicable
       Montana C^tap «f Mfcwtfcrt
         Science and Technology -
 *»*«
       New Jersey Institute of
         Technology
       Newark, NJ  	
GHEA Associates
Process
Itzhak Gotlieb
  201-226-4642
Annette Gatchett
  513-569-7697
Soil, Sludge,
Sediment, Water,
Industrial Effluent
Heavy Metals
Most Organics
       New Jersey Institute of
         Technology Hazardous
         Substances Management
         Research Center
       (formerly Hazardous Substance
         Management Research Center
         at New Jersey Institute of
         Technology and Rutgers, The
         Sate University of New Jersey)
       Newark, NJ 	     	
Pneumatic Fracturing
and Bioremediation
Process
John Schuring
  973-596-5849
Randy Parker
 513-569-7271
Soil
Not Applicable
Biodegradable Organics
o
          Solicitation number
          Invited to participate in the SITE Demonstration Program
          SITE Demonstration Program participant. Refer to the profile in the Demonstration Program Section (Completed and Ongoing Projects)
          for more information.

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CM
 ffi
                                                                    TABLE 3 (Continued)
                               Completed SITE Emerging Technology Program Projects as of September 2002
                  Developer
     Technology
 Technology Contact
                                                                                 EPA Project
                      Applicable
                        Media
                                                                                         Applicable Waste
                                                                                                                       Inorganic
                                                                                                       Orgajaic
         Phytokinetics, Inc.
         North Logan, UT
Phytoremediation of
Contaminated Soils
Dr. Ari Ferro
 801-750-0985
Steven Rock
 513-569^7149
Soil
Not Applicable
                                                                                                 PCP, PAHs,
                                                                                                 Chlorinated Solvents,
                                                                                                 Insecticides,
                                                                                                 Nitroaromatic
                                                                                                 Explosives
         PSI Technologies, A Division of
           Physical Sciences Inc.
         Andover, MA
Metals Immobilization
and Decontamination of
AggregateSolids
                    Joseph Morency
                      978-689-0003
                    Mark Meckes
                      513-569-7348
                   Soil, Sludge,
                   Sediment
                 Heavy Metals, Volatile
                 Metals
                      Low Volatile Organics,
                      Organometallics

         Pulse Sciences, Inc.
         San Leandro, CA


         RECRA Environmental, Inc.
         (formerly Electro-Pure
           Systems, Inc.)
         Amherst, NY
X-Ray Treatment of
Organically
Contaminated Soils

Alternating Current
Electrocoagulation
Technology
Vernon Bailey
 510-632-5100
 ext. 227

Bob Havas
  716-636-1550
George Moore
 513-569-7991
Randy Parker
  513-569-7271
Soil
Groundwater,
Wastewater,
Leachate
Not Applicable
Heavy Metals
                                                                                                 VOCs, SVOCs, PCBs
                                                                                                 Petroleum By-products,
                                                                                                 Coal-Tar Derivatives
                ,<>i   ,„   ' -

         Resource Management &
           Recovery
         (formerly Bio-Recovery
           Systems, Inc,)"
         Las Cruces, NM
AlgaSORB0 Biological
Sorption
Michael Hosea
  505-382-9228
Randy Parker
  513-569-7657
Groundwater,
Leachate,
Wastewater
Metals, Uranium
                                                                                                 Not Applicable
         State; tlm*ve
         Oswego,
Electrochemical

            Solicitation number
        **^  Invited to participate in the SITE Demonstration Program
            SITE Demonstration Program participant. Refer to the profile in the Demonstration Program Section (Completed and Ongoing Projects)
            for more information.

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                                                                     TABLE 3 (Continued)
                                Completed SITE Emerging Technology Program Projects as of September 2002
                    Developer
     Technology
 Technology Content ,
    .EPAfiroJecjt
     Manager
    Applicable "\
                                                                                                                              Applicable Waste
                                                                                                                       Inorganic
                                                                                                      Organic
           Thermatrix, Inc.
           (formerly Purus, Inc.)"
           San Jose, CA
Photolytic Oxidation
Process
Ed Greene
  865-593-4606
  ext. 3206
Norma Lewis
  513-569-7665
Soil, Groundwater
                                                                           Not Applicable
VOCs
                                                          '  2"! fiJ'ft'lO.li'zT-ft'l
           United Kingdom Atomic Energy
             Authority
           (formerly AEA Technology
             Environment)
           Oxfordshire, England
Soil Separation and
Washing Process
Mike Pearl
  011-44-1235-435-377
Mary Stinson
  723-321-6683
Soil, Sludge,
Sediment
                                                                           Metals
Petroleum
Hydrocarbons, PAHs
           University of Houston
           Houston, TX
Concentrated Chloride
Extraction and
Recovery of Lead
                    Dennis Clifford
                     713-743-4266
                    Terry Lyons
                     513-569-7589
                   Soil
                 Lead
                                                         Not Applicable
           [Jniversity of Washington
           Seattle, WA
Adsorptive Filtration
Mark Benjamin
  206-543-7645
Norma Lewis
  513-569-7665
Groundwater,
Wastewater,
Leachate
                                                                           Metals, Other Nonspecific
                                                                           Inorganics
                                                                                                Not Applicable
           JV Technologies, Inc.
           'formerly Energy and
            Environmental Engineering,
            Inc.),"
           :hattam, NJ
UV CATOX™ Process
Donald Habertroh
  937-635-6067
                                       Ronald Lewis
                                         513-569-7856
                   Groundwater,
                   Wastewater
                Not Applicable
                                                                                                Various Organics
                                                                                                          ff
•8
             Solicitation number
             Invited to participate in the SITE Demonstration Program
             SITE Demonstration Program participant  Refer to the profile in the Demonstration Program Section (Completed and Ongoing Projects)
             for more information.

-------
                                                     TABLE 3 (Continued)
                   Completed SITE Emerging Technology Program Projects as of September 2002
        Developer
    Technology
 Technology Contact
   EPA Project
     Manager
                                                                                ' A
      •Vit
      edia
                                                                                                         Applicable Waste
                                                                                                   Inorganic
                                                                                             Organic
Western Product Recovery
  Group, Inc.
Houston/TX	
Coordinate, Chemical
Bonding, and
Adsorption Process
Donald Kelly
  210-602-1743
Vince Gallardo
  513-569-7176
Soil, Sludge,
Sediment
                                                                                             Heavy Metals
                                                                                       Nonspecific Organics
     9tWV &
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
West Chester, PA
Ambersorb® 563
Adsorbent
Joe Martino
  610-701-6174
Barbara Kinch
  215-537-4060
Randy Parker
  513-569-7271
Groundwater,
Wastewater
                                                                                             Not Applicable
                                                                                        VOCs
   Solicitation number
   Invited to participate in the SITE Demonstration Program
   SITE Demonstration Program participant. Refer to the profile in the Demonstration Program Section (Completed and Ongoing Projects)
   for more information.

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