&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
The Superfund Innovative
Technology Evaluation
Program
i
Annual Report to Congress
FY 2001
SUPERFUND INNOVATIVE
TECHNOLOGY EVALUATION
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EPA/540/R-03/502
March 2003
The Superfund Innovative Technology
Evaluation Program
Annual Report to Congress
FY2001
Office of Research and Development
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, DC 20460
Recycled/Recyclable
Printed with vegetabterbased ink on
paper that contains a minimum of
50% post-consumer fiber content
processed chlorine free.
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Notice
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and
Development, partially funded and collaborated in the research described here under our contract
No. 68-C-OO-l 86 to Environmental Quality Management, Inc. It has been subjected to the Agency' s
peer and administrative review and has been approved for publication as an EPA document.
Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation
for use.
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Foreword
' . " S
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is charged by Congress with protecting
the Nation's land, air, and water resources. Under a mandate of national environmental laws, the
Agency strives to formulate and implement actions leading to a compatible balance between human
activities and the ability of natural systems to support and nurture life. To meet this mandate, EPA's
research program is providing data and technical support for solving environmental problems today
and building a science knowledge base necessary to manage our ecological resources wisely,
understand how pollutants affect our health, and prevent or reduce environmental risks in the future.
The National Risk Management Research Laboratory (NRMRL) is the Agency's center for
investigation of technological and management approaches for preventing and reducing risks from
pollution that threaten human health and the environment. The focus of the Laboratory's research
program is on methods and their cost-effectiveness for prevention and control of pollution to air,
land, water, and subsurface resources; protection of water quality in public water systems;
remediation of contaminated sites, sediments and ground water; prevention and control of indoor
air pollution; and restoration of ecosystems. NRMRL collaborates with both public and private
sector partners to foster technologies that reduce the cost of compliance and to anticipate emerging
problems. NRMRL's research provides solutions to environmental problems by: developing and
promoting technologies that protect and improve the environment; advancing scientific and
engineering information to support regulatory and policy decisions; and providing the technical
support and information transfer to ensure implementation of environmental regulations and
strategies at the national, state, and community levels.
This publication has been produced as part of the Laboratory's strategic long-term research
plan. It is published and made available by EPA's Office of Research and Development to assist the
user community and to link researchers with their clients.
Hugh W. McKinnon, Director
National Risk Management Research Laboratory
111
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Conitents
Section
'age
Notice ; '.:... ii
Foreword ; iii
Figures and Tables j vi
Acronyms L vji
Executive Summary ; viii
SITE Program Description 1 1
Introduction ..; '. 1
Program Principles .1
Program Planning ......... i 2
Technology Field Demonstrations 2
Information Dissemination 2
FY 01 SITE Program Cost Savings and Vendor Benefits 3
Promotion of Innovative Technologies 3
Historical Program Cost Savings and Vendor Contracting 4
Innovative Technology Highlights - - SITE Program Case Studies 7
Case Study 1: Iron Reactive Barrier (In-Situ Groundwater Remediation) 9
Case Study 2: MMTP - Total petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) Measurement
Technologies 10
Cast Study 3: Ex-Situ Harbor Sediment Remediation (New York/
New Jersey Harbor) ' 10
FY 01 Progress and Accomplishments 12
Monitoring and Measurement Technologies Program 13
Future Direction ., .17
Introduction 17
Technology Areas of Primary Interest 17
MMT Program Areas of Interest 20
Partnerships for Success .20
Information Transfer 22
Conclusions .22
Appendices :
A - SITE Projects (Alphabetically by Developer State)
B - SITE Technology Demonstration Sites (Alphabetically by Demonstration Site State)
C - Electronic Technical Information Resources
D - Glossary of Remediation Technologies
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Figures
Number Page
1 Superfund remedial actions: in situ technologies for source control 4
2 Cost savings estimated from RODs analysis by technology type 6
3 Categorization of contracts awarded to SITE vendors following program participation 7
4 Total number of contracts awarded to SITE vendors after program participation 8
5 Share of 3,229 total contracts awarded to SITE demonstration vendors by
technology type • • • 8
6 History of Ex situ vs In situ Distribution of SITE Demonstration Projects 13
Tables
Number Page
1 SITE demonstration projects completed in FY 01 14
2 SITE demonstration ongoing projects in FY 01 :.' 15
3 Future contaminant emphasis areas 2002-2007 19
4 SITE program projects FY 02 19
VI
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Acronyms
ANSI/ASQC American National Standard Institute, Assistance for Environmental Data
Collection and Environmental Technology Programs
DNAPL Dense non-aqueous phase liquids
DOD Department of Defense
DOE Department of Energy
ECOS Environmental Council of States
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
ESTCP Environmental Security and Technology Certification Program
ETV Environmental Technologies Verification
FY Fiscal year :
GPR •. Ground penetrating radar
IDC Interagency DNAPL Consortium
ITRC Interstate Technology and Regulatory Cooperation
MHI Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
MMT Monitoring and Measurement Technologies
NELP Navy Environmental Leadership Program
NPL National Priorities List
NRC National Research Council
ORD Office of Research and Development
PAHs Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons
PCBs Polychlorinated biphenyls
REACHIT Remediation Characterization Innovative Technologies
RCI White House Rapid Commercialization Initiative
SITE Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation
TIO Technology Innovation Office
TPH Total petroleum hydrocarbon
VOC Volatile Organic Compound
vn
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Executive Summary
The Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE) Program has successfully
promoted the development, commercialization and implementation of innovative hazardous waste
treatment technologies for 16 years. SITE offers a mechanism for conducting joint technology
demonstration and evaluation projects at hazardous waste sites involving the private sector, EPA,
and other federal and state agencies. The program provides environmental decision-makers with
relevant data on new, viable remediation technologies that may have performance or cost advantages
compared to conventional treatment technologies. Since the initiation of the SITE Program in 1986,
cleanup of contaminated sites through the use of innovative technologies has resulted in an estimated
total inflated cost savings of over $2.6 billion. The basis for estimation of cost savings is discussed
on page 5 of this report.
The SITE Program focuses on the remediation needs of the hazardous waste remediation
community through program planning; matching priority sites with innovative cleanup solutions;
technology field demonstrations; and information dissemination. The SITE Program's vision is to
remain the premier organization in enhancing the credibility and implementation of effective
innovative remediation options.
The SITE Program continues to earn recognition as a leader in advancing innovative
technology development and commercialization. The program is participating with 145 remediation
technology vendors. Through FY 01, the SITE Program has successfully demonstrated 137
technologies, 16 of which were demonstrated during FY 01. Emphasis formerly placed on
technologies requiring the removal of soil or groundwater (ex situ) has gravitated nearly exclusively
to in situ technologies that treat contamination in place.
To ensure that the program continues to meet the needs of the remediation community, the
SITE Program established a remediation stakeholder group. This group, which is composed of such
agencies as EPA, the Department of Defense, and the Department of Energy, reviews innovative
technology applications and develops an environmental emphasis area list, which ensures that the
most pressing issues are prioritized and addressed.
Vlll
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Program Description
Introduction
The SITE Program is composed of a
Demonstration Program, a Monitoring and
Measurement Technology (MMT) Program, and
information transfer. SITE offers a mechanism
for conducting joint technology demonstration
and evaluation projects at hazardous waste sites
through the involvement of the private sector,
EPA, and other federal and state agencies. It is
comprised of the following key elements:
i
S Demonstration Program
Evaluates and verifies performance and reports
cost of promising innovative technologies at
selected hazardous waste sites to provide reliable
performance, cost, and applicability'information
for site cleanup decision-making
/ Monitoring and Measurement Technologies
Program . . |
Evaluates technologies that detect, monitor, and
measure • hazardous and toxic substances to
provide more cost-effective and accurate methods
for producing real-time data during site
characterization and remediation j
S Information Transfer Activities
Disseminates technical information, including
engineering, performance, and cost data, to assist
in removing barriers for use of innovative and
alternative technologies
The Demonstration Program is the
flagship of the SITE Program. Its objective is to
conduct field demonstrations and high-quality
performance verifications of viable rejmediation
technologies at sites that pose high risks to
human health and/or the environment, are
common throughout a region or the nation, or
where existing ^ remediation methods are
inadequate, unsafe, or too costly. The SITE
Program solicits applications annually from
those responsible for cleanup operations at
hazardous waste sites. A panel of SITE
Program scientists, engineers, and associated
environmental experts . reviews the
applications to identify those technologies
that best represent solutions for the most
pressing environmental problems. The
resulting data and reports are intended for
use by decision-makers in selecting
remediation options and for increasing
credibility in innovative applications.
The program is participating with
145 remediation technology vendors. The
SITE Program has successfully
demonstrated 137 technologies, including 16
during FY 01. Recognizing the need for a
shift from ex situ remediation, all of the
Program's 12 ongoing demonstrations are in-
situ technologies. SITE'S Monitoring and
Measuring Technologies (MMT) Program
has completed 45 projects to date, with 2
more in the planning stages.
The foundation of the SITE Program
is providing credible cost and
performance data.
Program Principles
The SITE Program is defined by the
following four operating principles: (1)
program planning, (2) matching priority sites
with innovative cleanup solutions, (3)
technology field demonstrations, and (4)
information dissemination.
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Program Planning
SITE Program direction and strategies are
evaluated each year based on input from the user
community and other private- and public-sector
stakeholders to ensure that the program continues
to focus on validating the most sought-after
remediation technologies. As part of the overall
program planningprocess,.the SITE Program has
developed and is implementing a quality
management plan based on American National
Standard Institute, Specifications and Guidelines
for Quality Assistance for Environmental Data
Collection and Environmental Technology
Programs (ANSI/ASQC E4). This plan will
enable the program to focus more clearly on
long-term quality assurance and planning issues
that impact overall program performance.
Technology Field Demonstrations
SITE Program technology demonstrations
are increasingly conducted in partnership with
other EPA offices, other federal agencies, states,
private industry, and universities. These
partnerships reduce the overall costs of
demonstrations to EPA, accelerate remediation
of some of the most problematic sites at federal
and state facilities, and significantly subsidize
the technology vendors via site/logistical costs.
One example of interagency partnerships is with
DOD, Navy at Pearl Harbor. This group is
currently working on a demonstration evaluating
technologies to remediate DNAPL at Pearl
Harbor, Hawaii.
Innovative remediation and
monitoring/measurement technology
demonstration projects are presented by
developer state and by demonstration site state in
Appendices A and B, respectively.
Information Dissemination
Electronic documents are accessible
through the Internet at the SITE Program web
page (http://-w-w-w.epa. gov/ORD/SITE}.
Environmental Technologies Verification
(ETV)web site http://ww\v. epa. gov/etv/).
and a site supported by the EPA Office of Solid
Waste and Emergency Response Technology
Innovation Office (TIO) (http://clu-in.org).
Several technology databases and
publications summarize information about
innovative treatment technologies and
associated vendors, and are useful tools in
identifying potential technology
demonstration candidates or serve as
directories for technology vendors.
Descriptions of selected databases and
publication ordering information are
provided in Appendix C.
The following mechanisms are used
by the SITE Program to disseminate
information and increase interaction with the
user community:
• Program-specific brochures and
exhibits
• Conferences, workshops, and
technical working groups
• Publications and videotapes
(accessible on the Internet:
http ://www.epa. gov/
ORD/SITE/document.html)
• Hard copies available from EPA's
National Center for Environmental
Publications, 513-569-8190 or 1-
800-490-9192.
• Electronic media, including the
Internet
• Technical assistance to regions,
states, and remediation contractors
• Technology seminars .
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FY 01 SITE Program Cost Savings and Vendor Benefits
Promotion of Innovative Technologies
SITE is recognized, by EPA as one of
its principal programs to advance innovative
site monitoring, characterization, and cleanup
technologies with the potential to treat
hazardous wastes more efficiently, less
expensively, and more safely than existing
methods. SITE'S mission is to promote the
development and application of innovative
technologies that reduce or eliminate risks to
human health and the environment due to
contamination. The goal of the program is to
interact with the technology user community,
understand its needs, integrate those needs
with EPA's research mission, and
expeditiously address those needs. Identifying
and responding to the technology needs of the
remediation community is the driving force
behind today's SITE Program. i
Responding to technology needs is the driving
force behind the SITE Program.
The need for credible and reliable data
for innovative technologies is significant.
Often, Records of Decision (RODs—official
records documenting selection of Superfund
site cleanup methods) indicate that innovative
technologies were not chosen due to a lack of
verified performance and implementability.
The SITE Program serves to fill this need for
credible evaluations so that more effective,
cost-efficient methods can be used on
remediation problems.
The types and numbers of innovative
technologies selected for remediation at
Superfund sites increased significantly after the
passage of the Superfund Amendments and
Reauthorization Act (SARA). Since then, the
number has continued to rise, indicating increased
credibility and confidence in a number of
.innovative treatment technologies. As a result,
more innovative technologies than conventional
technologies were selected hi RODs signed during
FY 93 through FY 00.
During the first 10 years of the SITE
Program, an emphasis was placed on innovative
technologies for permanent treatment that usually
required the removal (ex. situ) of soil or
groundwater. Most field demonstrations during
this period in the program's history involved ex
situ physical/chemical and thermal technologies
that could be field tested in a matter of days or
weeks. The need for innovative, in situ
technologies that are more cost-effective, result in
less secondary waste, and are less intrusive will
continue.to increase. The SITE Program has
recognized this need and has emphasized the
development of in situ technologies.
Figure 1 presents the number of in situ
technologies as a percentage of all treatment
technologies for source control by fiscal year.
Over time, use of in situ technologies has been
increasing, as the trendline in Figure 1 shows. A
five-year moving average of the percentage of in
situ treatment technologies shows a generally
steady increase from 28 percent (F Yl 985-1988) to
51 percent (FY1995-1999). Several factors may
play a role in this upward trend in the use of in
situ treatment technologies. Because in situ
technologies require no excavation, risk from
exposure to contaminated media is reduced,
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Percentage of Source Control Treatment
Technologies that are In Situ
Rscal Year
Figure 1. Superfund Remedial Actions: In Situ Technologies for
Source Control (FY 1985- FY 1999)
Source: U.S. EPA Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, Innovative Treatment
Technologies Annual Status Report, Tenth Edition (542-R-01-004)
compared with levels of risk associated with.
technologies that do require excavation.
Further, for large sites where excavation and
materials handling for ex situ technologies can
be expensive, in situ technologies are often
more cost-effective.
Historical Program Cost Savings and
Vendor Contracting
Since its establishment in 1986, the
SITE Program has assisted in the development
and use of innovative technologies, resulting
in substantial cost savings for cleaning up
contaminated sites. The cost savings realized
by federal facilities has been estimated by
analysis of RODs from 1993 - 1999; this
analysis is described below. RODs data is
made available for me fiscal year that is two.
years prior to this report. Thus FY 1999
RODs information is presented here. New
Cost Information from 2000 RODs will be
included in the Report to Congress FY
2002. The SITE Program has also assisted
vendors in advancing innovative technologies
from the development phase to full-scale
application, and has promoted greater acceptance
of these technologies. The following subsections
provide examples of the financial success of the
SITE Program in terms of federal cost savings and
vendor successes.
SITE Program Accomplishments - Federal Cost
Savings from RODs Analysis
Since 1993,- the use of innovative
technologies has outpaced that of established
technologies, resulting in dramatic cost savings.
During 1996, 1999, 2000, and 2001, the SITE
Program collected information from signed RODs
(dated 1993-1999) in all 10 EPA Regions that
selected an innovative technology as the remedy.
These technologies include soil vapor extraction,
thermal desorption, bioremediation,
phytoremediation, surfactant flooding, and many
other technologies that have passed through the
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Program. The data compiled by the SITE
Program allowed environmental managers to
compare innovative technologies to
conventional technologies (i. e. pump and treat
technologies, incineration and excavation and
land filling), especially with updated xiata on
a total of 195 RODs that selected innovative
technologies for part or all of the remediation.
As the innovative technologies discussed in
this report become more accepted and used as
the baseline for remediation, they will be
viewed as conventional technologies for
comparison to newer technologies. The SITE
program will periodically evaluate whether
technologies that are no longer considered
innovative should be added to the baseline of
conventional technologies. The Program will
conduct this review in FY 2002 and thereafter
on a five year basis.
EPA guidance recommends that ROD
estimates assess remedial alternatives with an
accuracy of+50 percent to -3 0 percent. Of the
195 RODs that selected innovative
technologies, 98 had sufficient information to
make a cost comparison between the selected
technology and a conventional technology.
Cost savings realized by using innovative
technologies for the 98 RODs was estimated
at $2.6 billion in 2000 dollars, with an average
percent savings per site of 72 percent. Only 13
of the 98 RODs reported that the innovative
technology was more expensive than or equal
to the established technology.
To estimate SITE Program net
benefits, the FY 93-99 RODs and the SITE
Program budget were inflated to the end of
2000 using Consumer Price Index (CPI)
inflation figures. The total inflated cost
savings for RODs dated 1993-1999 was $2.6
billion, and the total inflated SITE Program
budget from 1986-2000 was $ 181 million.
This comparison represents an estimated
inflated cost savings of over $ 2.4 billion for
various site cleanups. '
Figure 2 shows a breakdown of savings by
technology type. Soil vapor extraction (SVE)
showed the highest savings of over $1.25 billion,
followed by $517 million for bioremediation.
SVE was one of the initial technologies accepted
into the SITE Program (in the late 1980s), and
large savings would therefore be expected from
this technology. Solvent extraction, thermal
desorption, and vitrification each accounted for
over $100 million in savings. Phytoremediation
and permeable reactive barriers are newer
technologies that are beginning to be chosen in
RODs, with five and four sites having specified
their use, respectively, with an associated cost
savings of $76 million as compared to
conventional technologies. The number of sites
and associated costs savings for phytoremediation
and treatment barrier sites are expected to increase
rapidly in coming years.
Historical Vendor Benefits
Technology vendors are a central part of
the SITE Program, providing remediation services
for sites requiring clean-up solutions. Vendors
experience various benefits by participating in the
SITE Program, namely increased exposure,
market share, technical acceptance, and
recognition. Increased acceptance of innovative
technologies is demonstrated by the level of
commercial activity experienced by SITE Program
vendors. For example, 1999 information
indicated that since completing SITE
demonstration projects, vendors received 1,921
.remediation contracts, and 1,308 treatability
studies (Figure 3). 2001 vendor information was
not available at the time of submission of this
report. This information will be included in the
Report to Congress FY 2002.
As part of a SITE Program evaluation in
1999, 43 Demonstration Program vendors
provided information regarding company revenues
after completion of their demonstration.
Following participation in the SITE Program, 58
percent of the responding vendors were awarded
commercial remediation jobs using technologies
demonstrated in the SITE Program. Thirty-three
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Soil Vapor Extraction
36 sites ($1,248)
Bioremediation
26 sites ($517)
Phytoremediation
5SiteS($18) , I. .••
Treatment Barrier _J I Vitrification 10 sites ($282)
4 sites ($58) '
Air Sparging
8 sites ($74)
Solvent Extraction
2 sites ($125)
Thermal Desorption
15 sites ($158)
Savings estimates based on comparison of innovative and conventional technologies for
FY 93-99 RODs. Savings shared equally among technologies when multiple
technologies were used and technology-specific costs were not available.
Figure 2. Cost savings estimated from RODs analysis by technology type
(millions of 2000 dollars).
percent of the vendors were awarded more
than 10 contracts each. Over 35 percent
reported one or more international contracts,
identifying 37 countries where jobs were
contracted. Figure 4 provides a historical
perspective of growth in the number of
contracts awarded to SITE vendors from 1990
to 1999.
The 1999 Demonstration Program
vendor information has been broken down by
technology type to ascertain which
technologies demonstrated the greatest
commercial success. Figure 5 shows the share
by technology type of the 3,229 remediation
and treatability contracts awarded to .vendors.
It is clear from this chart that soil vapor
extraction and bioremediation technologies
have had the most commercial success.
This trend from the vendor information is
consistent with the RODs analysis results which
were shown in Figure 1, providing two sources of
data to confirm the outstanding commercial
success of these technologies.
"Our involvement with the SITE Program and
especially our EPA Proj ect Officer, Ed Bates,
has been very successful. We appreciate
everyone's efforts and the program's agenda."
Scott Larsen, STC Remediation, Inc.
(Chemical Fixation/Solidification
Technologies)
In addition to the 43 Demonstration
Program vendors, information was obtained
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3500
Treaiability Studies Remediation Jobs International Contracts
Total Jobs
Figure 3. Categorization of contracts awarded to SITE vendors following program participation.
(Source: 1999 vendor information)
in 1999 from 14 vendors that participated in
the MMT Program. This information clearly
demonstratedthe benefits that vendors receive
from the program, indicating that 71 percent
of the vendors sold more than 25 units since
their demonstration in the SITE Program.
Over 64 percent of the vendors indicated that
their technologies were used on international
remediation projects. In total, the MMT
vendors reported selling over 3,550 units on
900 jobs, including 48 international jobs.
Overall, vendor information shows
that SITE technology developers in the
Demonstration and MMT Programs are
achieving commercial success, for
demonstrated technologies. The impact of the
• SITE Program continues to grow over time, as
illustrated by the consistent growth in1 vendor
contracts over the last decade (Figure; 4).
Innovative Technology Highlights - - SITE
Program Case Studies
This section presents case studies of
innovative remediation technologies for vendors
that have participated in the SITE Program. The
case studies provide brief descriptions on the use
and status of representative technologies and,
where available, general information on the cost
of applying each technology. It is typical of the
SITE Program and represents the SITE Program's
approach to promoting innovative technologies by
identifying user needs. In response to user'needs,
the SITE Program assessed the performance of
several innovative field measurement devices for
total petroleum hydrocarbons in contaminated soil
and sediment, iron reactive barrier technology for
in situ groundwater remediation, and a washing
technology for oil-contaminated soil.
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JbUU •
3000 -
2500 -
1 2000 -
1
0 1500 -
£
1000 -
500 -
150
225
liK* |
410
1
3229
2874
1895
533
ill
ip
m
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,
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n
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'
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December October March 1992 June 1994 June 1996 June 1998 March 2000
1990
1991
Figure 4. Total number of contracts awarded to SITE vendors after program participation
(Source: 1990-2000 vendor information)
Stabilization /
Solidification
20%
Soluant
Extraction
2%
Filtration
7%
Soil Washing
'2%
Vitrification I otner
2%
Oxidation
2%
Thermal Desorption
2%
Soil Vapor
Extraction
29%
Bioremediation
22%
Electro-chemical
1%
Chemical
Treatment
10%
Figure 5. Share of 3,220 total contracts awarded to SITE Demonstration vendors by technology
type (Source: 2000 vendor information)
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SITE Program participants who
responded indicated that they
experienced up to an 800% increase in
sales as a result of their involvement in
the SITE Program.
Case Study 1: Iron Reactive Barrier (In-Situ
Groundwater Remediation)
The U.S. EPA began'working with the
U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) in 1995 to
characterize a contaminated groundwater plume
at DOE's Rocky Flats site outside Denver, CO.
DOE is working to achieve closure of the Rocky
Flats site by 2006, and considers remediation of
this plume a crucial element of site closure.
Based on the results of site characterization and
ongoing commitment to utilize innovative
treatment .technologies, DOE decided to
remediate the contaminated groundwater
through use of a passive barrier.
Groundwater contamination in this area
originated from a former waste drum storage
area used by DOE in the late 1950s. Consisting
of shallow groundwater collected in1 a French
drain and funneled to the reactors at a flow rate
of 0.5 to 2.0 gallons per minute, the plume
extends horizontally approximately 220 feet. Its
primary contaminants are uranium and volatile
.organic compounds (VOCs), including carbon
tetrachloride, tetrachloroethene, trichloroethene,
and vinyl chloride. Following excavation and
removal of the contamination source in 1997,
the passive barrier (designed by EnviroMetal
Technologies, Inc.) was installed in the summer
of 1998.
Technology Description .
This passive barrier system requires no
operational energy and minimal maintenance,
which results in a substantial cost savings over
use of an alternative pump and treat system.
Performance assessment of the barrier indicates
that the barrier system is removing
approximately 99% of the plume's primary
contaminants.
This barrier system begins with the
downgrade-side collection of groundwater in a
subsurface hydraulic barrier (French drain) lined
with high-density polyethylene. The drain is
located in the unconfined aquifer at depths
ranging from 8 to 15 feet below ground surface.
Ground water is diverted through the drain to
piping that transfers it by gravity to the reactive
media treatment system. The system consists of
two 10-foot (wide) by 5-foot (deep) cylindrical
reactors in series, each of which contains 337
cubic feet of granular, reactive (zero-valent)
iron. The reactors were installed below surface
grade and were sized to treat groundwater at a
flow rate of 1 gallon per minute.for a duration of
20 hours. In the reactors, VOCs are
dechlorinated to nonchlorinated hydrocarbons,
and uranium in the oxidized state (U6+) is
converted to uranium in the reduced state (U4+)
and precipitated. Following treatment, ground
water exits the barrier system directly through
surface water that flows to retention ponds.
Status
EPA and DOE have monitored the
influent and effluent of this barrier system on a
quarterly basis since September 1998. In
addition, water samples in 1-foot increments
.throughout the reactive media have been
collected since project start-up to monitor
containment breakthrough. . To date,
, breakthrough of VOCs and uranium has been
confined to the top 3 feet of the first reactor in
the treatment sequence.
Cost
The barrier system was installed at a cost
of approximately $4.7 million with an estimated
annual treatment cost of $130,776. The total
cost of the barrier system (based on 20 years of
operation) is approximately $7.3 million.
Alternatively, a conventional pump and treat
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system could have been installed at an estimated
cost of $1 million with annual treatment costs of
$1.8 million, the total cost (based on 20 years of
operation) of which would have been
approximately $37.9 million. Use of the
innovative barrier system technology thus
results in an estimated cost savings of over $30
million over 20 years.
Case Study 2: MMTP - Total Petroleum
Hydrocarbon (TPH) Measurement
Technologies
As part of the MMT Program,
demonstrations were conducted on several
innovative field measurement devices for total
petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) in soil.
Specifically, seven TPH measurement
technologies were demonstrated at the Navy
Base Ventura County site in Port Hueneme,
California. The primary purpose of the
demonstrations was to evaluate the innovative
field measurement devices for TPH in soil based
on comparison of their performance and cost to
those of a conventional, off-site laboratory
analytical method. The following seven field
measurement devices were demonstrated:
• CHEMetrics, Inc., RemediAid™ Total
Petroleum Hydrocarbon Starter Kit
• Wilks Enterprise, Inc., Infracal® TOG/TPH
Analyzer, Models CVH and HATR-T
• Horiba Instruments, Incorporated, OCMA-3 5 0
Oil Content Analyzer
• Dexsil Corporation PetroFLAG™
Hydrocarbon Test Kit for Soil
• Environmental Systems Corporation
Synchronous Scanning Luminoscope
• SiteLAB® Corporation Analytical Test.Kit
UVF-3100A
• Strategic Diagnostics, Inc., EnSys Petro Test
System
To address the demonstration objectives,
both environmental and performance evaluation
(PE) samples were analyzed during the
demonstration. The samples were collected
from five areas located in three regions of the
United States that were contaminated with
gasoline, diesel, lubricating oil, or other
petroleum product.
Following completion of the
demonstrations, verification statements were
prepared for each field measurement device.
The verification statements provided detailed
information for each device including durability,
accuracy and precision, and cost. Although the
devices exhibited varying levels of performance,
the demonstrations indicated that caution should
be exercised when considering five of the
devices for site-specific field TPH measurement
application. The demonstrations also indicated
that two of the devices were reliable field
measurement devices for TPH in soil.
Case Study 3: Ex-Situ Harbor Sediment
Remediation (New York/New Jersey Harbor)
The U.S. EPA began working with
BioGenesis Enterprises, Inc. in 1991. Under the
SITE program, BioGenesis. successfully tested
its washing technology on oil-contaminated soil
at a refinery. Subsequently, BioGenesisSM
Washing Technology was extended to fine-
grained sediments and tested by Environment
, Canada.
Regulations governing ocean disposal of
New York/New Jersey Harbor dredged material
were changed in 1992, imposing more stringent
biological and chemical test, criteria. This
resulted in larger volumes of material which are
considered unsuitable for ocean disposal. In
order to maintain safe passage for vessels,
periodic dredging of the harbor channels is
necessary. On an annual basis tibis maintenance
dredging generates between 6 to 7 million cubic
yards of sediment. Under the new rules passed
in 1992, approximately 4 to 6 million cubic
10
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yards annually now require some form of
processing or decontamination prior to disposal
of the material.
U.S. EPA Region 2 and Army Corps of
Engineers, NY District, are jointly directing a
project funded by the Water Resources
Development Act (WRDA) to demonstrate
decontamination technologies. Department of
Energy-Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL)
is managing demonstrations by the technology
vendors. Based on U.S. EPA SITE program and
Environment Canada testing, BioGenesis was
selected into the program. The WRDA project
goal is to establish a production-scale facility
able to treat 500,000 cubic yards of dredged
material annually. In addition to successful
removal or treatment of organic contaminants
(including polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons
(PAH) and organochlorides such as dioxins,
furans, andPCBs);andheavy metals, the WRDA
project is addressing the additional issues of
materials handling and beneficial use of treated
or decontaminated material.
Technology Descriptions '
The BioGenesisSM Soil and Sediment
Washing Process is an ex-situ, on-site extraction
technology for cleaning organic pollutants and
metals. Unlike other washing processes,
BioGenesisSM washing is a true cleaning
process. It does not simply reduce volume as in
conventional washing technology. Typical
removal percentages range from 70-99%
depending on process parameters and required
cleanup levels. •
The process begins by screening the
contaminated sediment down to particle sizes
less than 1A inch in.diameter. The material is
then collected in a storage tank where water and
a proprietary cleaning chemical are added and
mixed to create a homogenized slurry: This
slurry is next fed through the company's own
proprietary, patented equipment, where . the
sediment particles are separated from each other
and the contaminants removed. The slurry is
then dewatered using a variety of equipment
including hydrocyclones, centrifuges, and sand
filters. The treated dewatered sediment can then
be used for beneficial use applications including
manufactured soil and construction industry
products such as bricks, coatings, and light
aggregate. The liquid portion of the slurry is
decontaminated using standard wastewater
treatment techniques such as precipitation and
oxidation.
Status
Since entering the WRDA project in
1995, BioGenesis has performed several
successful optimization tests on NY/NJ Harbor
sediment. In March 1999 the company
completed a pilot project for the WRDA project
using sediment supplied by the Port Authority of
NY/NJ. The project finished on schedule and
successfully cleaned over 700 yd3 of sediment.
Based on the results from the pilot
project, the U.S. EPA Region 2 approved the
implementation of a commercial-scale facility
capable of processing over 250,000 yd3 per
year. BioGenesis has teamed with Montgomery
Watson Harza for engineering and BASF
Corporation for chemicals. Design has been
completed for the initial phase of full-scale
implementation. BioGenesis is currently on site
in Kearny, New Jersey decontaminating soil
using washing technology first tested in 1992 in
the SITE program. Full-scale production is
anticipated to begin by the latter half of 2003.
11
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FY 01 Progress and Accomplishments
Over the past 16 years, SITE has earned
increased recognition as a leader in advancing
innovative technology development and
commercialization and has participated
cooperatively with more than 145 technology
developers. Through FY 01, the SITE Program
has successfully demonstrated 137 technologies,
16 of which were demonstrated during FY 01.
These demonstrations have provided a
tremendous amount of information on the
performance, costs, and applicability of
innovative cleanup technologies, which greatly
assists managers of environmental remediation
projects in developing appropriate and effective
cleanup solutions. SITE has been responsive to
the user community during this time, and has
recently focused on the need for in situ
remediation technologies to more cost-
effectively remediate sites. As shown in Figure
6,77 completed SITE projects have been ex situ
and 60 in situ, with a marked increase in
ongoing in situ technology demonstrations as
compared with ex situ since 1997. Each of the
12 ongoing or planned demonstrations are in
situ.
Field demonstration and evaluation of in
situ technologies may require several months or
years of data collection. This is in contrast to
field demonstrations of ex situ technologies
where field work can be completed in 1 to 3
weeks; thus, in situ techniques have higher
budget requirements. Based on me SITE
Program's increased emphasis on in situ
technologies, the number of ongoing
demonstrations will likely increase, with fewer
moving from ongoing to completed status each
year than in the past. EPA estimates that six
field demonstrations will be completed each
year.
During FY 01, 16 new innovative
technologies were evaluated in the field.
Completed demonstration projects are listed in
Table 1, and ongoing projects are provided in
Table 2. All completed and ongoing projects
in the Demonstration Program, ETP, and MMT
Program are listed in Appendices A and B.
The Emerging Technology Program (ETP) was
not described in this report because the
program was discontinued. ETP continues to
be a part of the Program's history, however,
and in an effort to capture all projects
conducted by the SITE program, ETP projects
are listed in the appendices along with all other
SITE Program projects.
12
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Figured. History of Ex
Situ vs In Situ Distribution of SITE
Monitoring and Measurement Technologies
Program
The MMT Program has leveraged its
resources with EPA's Environmental
Technology Verification Program. These two
programs, known collectively as the Consortium
for Site Characterization Technologies, have
developed a partnership .with the DOE.
Resources from the SITE Program are used
solely for those technologies addressing
hazardous waste. This-partnership will help to
address the demands on the MMT Program and
reduce the backlog of applications submitted by
developers of innovative technologies.
To further advance the MMT Program^
a stakeholder group was formed to, assist in
outreach activities and in the selection of
technologies. An advocates program involving
the EPA Regional offices was also established
to assist in the MMT demonstration process and
to ensure that the products of the
demonstrations address issues relevant to EPA.
13
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Table 1. SITE Demonstration Projects Completed in FY 01
Developer
Location
SC.WA
WI
CO
OH
WA
Developer
E&C
Williams,
Keeco
Minergy
Region 8 and
State of
Colorado
U.S.EPA,
NRMRL
Wilder
Construction
Co.
Technology
This project involved chemical slabilizatiQnpf.merbury raining
wastes. Large sc^ecoluron leaching tests were ; conducted in
cooperation with EPAVMine Wastg ^Technology Program. Several !.
vendor treatments to stabilize Hg in-sitii were evaluated including the ;
use of silicates, sulfides, aiid phosphates: ;:; . .;!.L'v: .:;.;.; •/•.•• :• ..' ' ,
This project involves utilizing a glass furnace to melt dried river
sediment contaminated with PCBs. The glass furnace temperature is
expected to destroy the organic compounds and to form a glass
aggregate product that has beneficial reuse properties.
This project involved multiple innovative passive and semi passive
mine drainage technologies. Technologies evaluated included the
Aquafix lime despensing water wheel with retention in settling tanks,
an oxidation pond, a SAPS system, and a limestone lined channel.
Alternate Cover Assessment Program (ACAP) - The ACAP is a
cooperative partnership of industry, government, and research
institutions that will evaluate evapotranspiration and break cover
systems. The program is expected to provide cost-effective alternative
cover designs, and assist in the development of designs at other sites.
MatCon is a modified asphalt system for primary use as an exposed
hydraulic containment cover system. When combined with selected
aggregates the material can be used as a barrier layer or as a drainage
layer. Together, the material can form a multilayer drained cap atop
landfills or contaminated soils.
Site Location
Butte,Mr< :;, .;
Fox River, WI
Summitville,
CO
12 sites around
the nation
Dover, DE and
Elgin, IL
* Column and humidity cell tests on waste from sulphur bank mercury mine located in Clear Lake, CA.
14
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Table 2. SITE Demonstration Ongoing Projects in FY 01
Developer
Location
IL
MI, MS
CA
MA
CA
TX
CA
CA'
CA
Developer
Argonne National
Laboratory East
Army Corps of
Engineers
Geokinetics
International, Inc.
Hardirig-Lawson
Engineers
Integrated Water
.Resources, Inc.
Micro-Bac
International, Inc.
X-19,Biological
Products, Inc.
Regenesis
Steam Tech
Environmental
Services
Technology
i
This project involves the phytoremediation of radiomiclides and
solvents. Specifically, trees were utilized to degrade organic
contaminants or to drawtritium out of the groundwater flow.
The purpose of the demonstration is to develop and refine a
protocol for beneficial reuse of dredged sediment. The process
consists of characterization of the site to determine the
contaminant concentration spatially and at depth, identifying
possible end users of dredged materials, and working with the
material until it achieves the appropriate quality for the intended
use.
i
Geokinetics has constructed a closed loop lead recovery process
to treat contaminated soil from a battery shop. Soil is excavated
and stored in storage containers on-site. An electrolyte solution
(EDTA) is passed through -the soil. The lead/EDTA solution will
then he processed using the electrochemical lead recovery system,
where ihe lead Will be recovered as lead plate and the EfiTA
reused* '
In Situ anerobic-aerobic b'ioremediation of chlorinated solvents.
Hydrogen Release Compound (HRC) diffuses into groundwater
passing through passive treatment wall. This acts as a base and
cometabolite for bioremediation.
IWR has designed a steam heating with co-air injection, system
for the stripping and recovery of TCE and DNAPL. The system
will inject steam and air to strip the TCE. The TCE will not
condense at the steam front as the plot is heated. The steaming;
will strip the TCE and the Vapor Recovery wells will collect the
steam and TCE for separation and off-site disposal.
This project involves two processes (Micro-Bac and X-19) for the
biological treatment of PCB's. Products are mixed with the
contaminated soil to promote a reduction in PCB concentrations.
In Situ anaerobic-aerobic bioremediation of chlorinated solvents,
pesticide's, and other contaminants. Hydrogen Release Compound
(HRC) diffuses into groundwater passing through passive
treatment wall. This acts as abase and cometabolite for
iHoremediation.
This project utilizes steam-enhanced remediation, which is an hi
situ thermal treatment soil cleanup technology. -The technology
involves installation of a steam injection system and an
aggressive vapor and liquid extraction system for the reduction of
organic contaminants.
Site Location
ANL-E Argonne
National Lab-East
Milwaukee, WI
Pearl Harbor, HI .
Grafton, MA
Cape Canaveral, FL
Goldwaithe, TX
Rocky Mountain
Arsenal, CO
Ridgefield, WA
15
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Table 2. SITE Demonstration Ongoing Projects in FY 01 (continued)
Developer
Location
CA
MA
CT
CA
Developer
Steam Tech
Environmental ,
Services
Terra ThennLLC
University of
Connecticut
Weiss Associates
Technology
This project will extend :thehjghjy successful steam
/injection remediation technology to fractured rock media. ;
The demonstration is aimed ^atthe recovery of chlorinated
solvents and to j!lrovide:additipnal information regarding'
remediating other fractured, rock aquifers; ;, • ,','•:
This in situ technology utilizes conductive heating from heater
wells to volatilize organic contaminants in the soil. The
contaminants are then removed with heater/vacuum wells.
This project involves the evaluation of the DUOX (Dual
Oxidation) technology for remediating chlorinated organics. The
DUOX technology utilizes two different chemical oxidants
(potassium permanganate and sodium persulfate) injected into the
subsurface for the oxidation of the chlorinated solvent
contaminants.
The Electrochemical Geoxidation (ECGO) process employs
electrode pairs inserted into contaminated soils and/or sediments.
A low voltage, low amperage coupled AC/DC current is applied
to create an induced polarization field. Redox reactions
mineralize organic contaminants and metals are deposited at the
electrodes.
Site Location
Caribou, ME .: .
, L| .' -.
Rocky Mountain
Arsenal, CO
Vernon, CT
Bellingham, WA
16
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Future Direction
Introduction
The science of site investigation has
advanced dramatically in the past 20 years.
Advancements in field detection equipment and
laboratory analyses have .revealed new
information about the problems at waste sites.
In addition, years of experience in the
cleanup of hazardous waste sites have shown that
quick, inexpensive solutions are usually elusive.
As a remediation proceeds, the task of site
cleanup is often found to be much greater and
much more complex than was originally expected.
Thus the improvements in site investigation and
the lessons learned from both successful and
unsuccessful site remediation have demonstrated
a great demand for effective ; innovative
technologies. i
A number of promising technologies based
on sound scientific principles, but lacking
engineering and performance documentation, are
appearing on the horizon. Some of these,
described below, are being studied under the
SITE Program, and by the U.S. Department of
Energy, U.S. Department of Defense, and others.
It is likely that field demonstrations, may occur
within the next few years for these technologies or
for second-generation improvements of these
techniques. ;;
The SITE Program continues to emphasize
the importance of first selecting a site and,
secondly, evaluating one or more appropriate
innovative technologies. The selection of these
sites and technologies is important in meeting the
needs of those responsible for selecting and
SITE Program Partners
• DOD Environmental Security and Technology
Certification Program (ESTCP)
• DOE Office of Science and Technology
• EPA Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
• EPA Regional Offices
implementing hazardous waste cleanup. Over
the past several years me SITE program has
been focusing on in-situ techniques. A wide
range of representation from relevant federal
and state agencies helps ensure that the most
pressing issues are prioritized and addressed.
In response to stakeholders demand,
the MMT Program initiated a series of
demonstrations designed to evaluate
innovative sampling and analysis
technologies. The MMT Program has
identified a number of possible candidate
technologies for demonstration in FY02. One
category of technology is testing mercury in
soil. In addition, similar dioxin testing has
also been planned for FY02. These projects
are designed to address ongoing difficulties in
obtaining representative samples at defined
depths, or obtaining accurate analytical results
using less expensive and less complex
equipment.
Technology Areas of Primary Interest
One of the critical needs for
remediation technology is for methods to
accelerate aquifer cleanup. Groundwater
contamination may consist of dissolved-phase
contaminant plumes, light non-aqueous phase
17
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liquids (LNAPLS), and dense non-aqueous phase
liquids (DNAPLS), all of which can potentially
move in different directions. As the complexity of
the geological formation increases so does the
need for innovative technologies to treat or detect
non-aqueous phase contamination in groundwater.
New technologies are needed to control and
remediate this widespread problem.
In addition to groundwater contamination,
The SITE Program continues to place priority on
evaluating technologies for treatment of metals
and/or recalcitrant organic compounds in soil. In
situ technologies for either soil or groundwater
continue to remain a priority for the SITE
Program.
Because of technical difficulties related to
sediment remediation, this is another area where
the remediation community would benefit from
new processes, approaches or less-expensive
methods for treatment. In situ treatment,
sampling and containment are technology areas of
interest that will be addressed in the future.
More recently there have been significant
technology breakthroughs in chemical conversion
methodologies. Technologies that rely on
chemical conversion of the contaminant species
rather than destruction or stabilization will end the
remediation process at treatment. Metal enhanced
dechlorination or treatment barriers fall into this
category. This technology is a groundwater
treatment technique that degrades chlorinated
volatile organics (VOCs) using an
electrochemical process that oxidizes granular
iron while reducing and dechlorinating VOCs.
Two methods of in-situ metal enhanced
dechlorination have been developed: in situ
permeable treatment trenches (including funnel
and gate configurations) and reactor vessels
containing granular iron and located in the
subsurface. In the future, material other than iron
will be assessed for effectiveness on VOCs
and other groundwater contaminants.
The SITE Program emphasizes the
need for technologies capable of in situ
remediation of dense lion-aqueous phase
liquids (DNAPLs) in difficult geological
formations. This continues to be a theme
through the remediation community as a
whole. The program continues to evaluate in-
situ thermal and .chemical oxidation type
technologies under a broad array of geological
conditions. In addition, effective remediation
technologies for metals in soils, treatment of
recalcitrant compounds, and the general need
for in-situ treatment remain high on the
priority list.
' The SITE Program will also continue
to emphasize the need for technologies that
focus more on types of contaminated sites
rather than single contaminants (i.e., wood
preserving sites, manufactured gas plant
sites). Most sites are not contaminated with a
single contaminant, but with mixtures
including by-products formed from normal
degradation. Recent applications have lead
the SITE Program to move in this direction.
Based on the multi-agency review board, a list
of new areas are:
• Sediments
• Mining Issues\Acid Mine Drainage
• Manufactured Gas Plants
• Wood TreatingXPreserving.
• Pesticide Manufacturers\Formulators
Table 3 outlines the future
contaminant areas of interest, and Table 4
describes the demonstrations that are planned
forFY02.
18 .
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Table 3. Future Contaminant Emphasis Areas 2002 - 2007
Groundwater\Surface Water
DNAPIA Chlorinated Solvents
PCBs ' ! .
Arsenic, Mercury or other Heavy Metals
Sediments\SoiIs
Pesticides
PCBs
PAHs
Arsenic, Mercury, or other Heavy Metals
Table 4. SITE Program Projects FY 02
Site Name/
Location
Rocky Mountain
Arsenal
Former
Manufactured Gas
Plant Site
Millville,NJ
Jones Island CDF
Milwaukee Harbor
Summitville, CO
Port of Ridgefield
Ridgefield, WA '.
Cape Canaveral
Cocoa Beach, FL
.Cape Canaveral
Cocoa Beach, PL
Loring AFB
Caribou, ME
Pearl Harbor Naval
Base
Technology/Developer
In situ heat '
Ex situ Biotreatment reactor
technique
Phytoremediation
i
Multiple innovative passive
drainage techniques
In situ steam heating
In situ reactive iron slurry
In situ biological treatment
In situ steam
Multiple in situ capping
techniques
Project Description
Treatment of
Hexachlorocyclopentadi
ene soil contamination
Comingled groundwater
plume contaminated,
with PAHs, MTBE and
BTEX
Treatment of sediments
contaminated with
PAHs, PCBs for
beneficial reuse
Treatment of acid mine
drainage
Groundwater and soils
contaminated with
DNAPL
Groundwater and soils
contaminated with TCE
Groundwater and soils
contaminated with TCE
DNAPL treatment in
fractured bedrock
Evaluate biological and
stabilization\detoxificati
on techniques
Proposed Schedule
Demonstration FY02-03
Demonstration FY02-03
Demonstration FY 02-03
Demonstration FY01-03
Demonstration FY02-03
Technology
demonstration FY02-03
Technology
demonstration FY02-03
Technology
demonstration summer
FY02-03
Demonstration planning
to begin summer FY 02
19
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MMT Program Areas of Interest
The Monitoring and Measurement
Technologies Program will continue to test and
evaluate in situ and ex situ field analytical
technologies, sampling techniques, and methods
for the determination of the chemical and
physical properties of hazardous waste sites. The
schedule of field demonstrations have kept pace
with the emergence of new technologies. Input
from clients and developers shows an ongoing
need to explore new applications which support
the goals of the SITE Program. In particular, there
remain many monitoring and measurement
technology needs including the detection and
measurement of organic compounds in the
subsurface (particularly LNAPLs and DNAPLs).
Technologies are emerging that show
promise for DNAPL detection, but they may not
be ready for testing until 2003 or 2004. There is a
demand for non-invasive technologies that can be
used to detect the presence of contaminants in the
subsurface as well as to image the hydrogeologic
properties of sites. The .detection and
measurement of mercury in soil has also been
identified as a technology area of considerable
interest. The MMT Program will be testing as
many as nine technologies which address this
need during FY02. The measurement of dioxin
has typically required that samples be analyzed in
fixed laboratories using prescribed, labor-
intensive analytical methods. During FY02, a
survey was conducted to identify a number of
emerging technologies that may be used to detect
and possibly quantify the concentration of dioxin
in soil. Some of these technologies will be
considered for a field demonstration in FY03.
The use of biological test kits which can
determine the toxicity of environmental media
will also be considered for demonstration.
Biosensor and microelectronic devices represent
areas of intense research interest. The first
candidates from this class of technologies will be
ready for testing in FY04.
20
Since the program has matured, a number
of developers in the area of X-ray
fluorescence and gas chromatography /mass
spectrometry have made significant
improvements in their technology and will be
candidates for abbreviated demonstrations
which will evaluate the improvements. These
demonstrations will be conducted in FY 03
and FY04.
Partnerships for Success
Federal to Federal Interface
The SITE Program will continue to
recognize the importance of cooperation
between federal agencies to find common
areas of need and interest. Interfacing with
other federal agencies is an important aspect
of enhancing the benefits of technology
demonstrations. It allows for leveraging
resources, expedited performance and cost
information exchange and cross fertilization
of technical expertise between agencies. In
addition, this type of collaboration encourages
the implementation of innovative approaches
by federal end users in a more expedited
manner and, in many cases, implementation at
other non-federal site locations.
One example of shared interest is in
DNAPL contamination in the subsurface. It
is an environmental problem shared by many
of the member agencies of the Federal
Remediation Technologies Roundtable
(FRTR). These agencies have a mutual
interest in finding cost-effective solutions to
the characterization, treatment and monitoring
of their DNAPL sites.
In 1997, NASA, DOE, EPA and DoD
joined forces in forming the Interagency
DNAPL Consortium (IDC) in order to
evaluate a variety of DNAPL treatment
technologies at a site on Cape Canaveral,
Florida. These agencies, under the auspices
of the FRTR, believe that they should expand
on the concept of the IDC by formation of the
Federal DNAPL Technologies Initiative
-------
Program (FeDTIP). Our vision is for FeDTIP to
be a cooperative program with objectives broadly
focused on finding cost-effective technologies for
treating DNAPL contamination across a spectrum
of site conditions. ;
The primary objectives of the FeDTIP are to:
• Develop linkages among the many federal
DNAPL science and technology activities
currently ongoing; the goal is to be
complementary rather than duplicative of these
activities.
• Sponsor and participate in technology
demonstrations and deployments at federal
DNAPL sites representing a variety of site
conditions to gain cost and performance data.
• Identify the key science and technology issues
resulting from demonstrations and
deployments that must be resolved in order to
reduce costs and improve performance of
DNAPL site cleanup.
• Develop or participate in development of
technical practices and design guidance
manuals for key DNAPL technologies that will
become the standard for application at all
federal sites.
• Develop an effective technology transfer
process for the benefit .of the broader DNAPL
remediation and regulatory community.
To date, three technologies have been
demonstrated at Cape Canaveral Air Station
Launch Complex 34. The SITE Program, will lead
the solicitation for new DNAPL sites during FY
02. New project selections and starts are
scheduled for FY 03. . .> .
Federal to State Interface
Where there are common environmental
areas of interest, it is equally important to have
federal to state interactions as it is to have federal
to federal cooperation. Cooperation with
organizations such as the Environmental Council
21
of States (EGOS) and Interstate Technology
Regulatory Council (ITRC) promotes
partnerships and builds confidence within the
environmental community that proven
innovative technology can provide more-
effective and less-expensive environmental
protection.
The ITRC provides a mechanism to
interact with multiple state regulatory
agencies and state specific verification
programs. The ITRC is a state-led national
coalition dedicated to achieving better
environmental protection through the use of
innovative technologies.
ECOS champions the role of states in
environmental management and allows for the
exchange of ideas, views, and experience
among states. This year the waste committee
was working on a resolution to encourage
Federal support for interstate technology and
regulatory cooperation. This resolution
specifically acknowledges the SITE Program,
for the demonstration of innovative
technologies and their associated cost savings.
The resolution was voted and signed
unanimously by all ECOS commissioners.
Direct interaction with multiple state
agencies provides many benefits. State
regulatory agencies are also faced with the
difficult problems associated with hazardous
waste clean-up,' and the variation of
regulations among states. Interaction among
multiple states on SITE projects can result in
multiple technical issues being addressed in
one field demonstration. This reduces
duplication of field demonstrations to answer
one or more state specific regulatory
questions.
The ITRC currently has several
workgroups that crosscut the SITE Program's
environmental priority areas of interest. The
various groups are as follows: 1) Permeable
Reactive Barrier Workgroup, 2) DNAPL
Workgroup, 3) Phytoremediation Workgroup
4) Sediment Workgroup. These groups are
-------
and will continue to be invited to participate in
SITE Program demonstration projects. Groups
choose to participate at a level required by the
objectives of the workgroup. Involvement of the
workgroups allows for better planning and
exchange of technical requirements early in the
planning of SITE projects.
Information Transfer
Information transfer is accomplished
through a number of mechanisms. While the
internet information distribution is an effective
mechanism, published documentation, meetings,
and conferences remain an essential part of
technical information dissemination.
Coordination with existing remediation
workgroups and programs is also essential. The
SITE Program continues to work cooperatively
with numerous programs, such as DOD's ESTCP
Program, the Environmental Council of States
(ECOS) sponsored ITRC, and as stated previously
plans a much stronger technical relationship with
the DOE's Office of Science and Technology.
ITRC Team meetings and special site
tours have been conducted near SITE Program
field demonstrations in order to capitalize on
multiple State participation. In FY 01, the SITE
Program, ITRC and NAVY, hosted a tour of Pearl
Harbor during the, annual ECOS meeting. The
general purpose of the tour was to highlight the
ongoing partnership between SITE and the ITRC.
Approximately 40 people attended the tour.
Participants, included State Commissioners,
ECOS staff, EPA Regional Administrators,
members of Governor Whitman's staff, Navy and
DOE officials. The tour highlighted several in-
situ and ex-situ demonstrations of innovative
technologies that have undergone or will undergo
SITE evaluation.
The program will continue pursuing
and-supporting the development of document
summaries in areas where data exists on a
variety of technologies or applications. The
information is useful in providing the user
community with comparative technical
information and costs within an area.
Documentation will continue for some time
since many of the technologies are in situ and
highly complex. In situ technology
evaluations are tested over varying lengths of
time, with a minimum time period of 3-6
months. Most are evaluated for one year. In
the case of biological treatment or in-situ
capping techniques demonstrations may span
2-3 years. The summaries will need updating
as the technologies mature and information
becomes available.
Conclusions
The SITE program is a key element in
EPA's efforts to increase the availability and
use of innovative technologies for remediation
of the nation's hazardous waste sites. The
SITE Program technology evaluations are
used by the remediation community to choose
cleanup technology options, and those data
are credible because of the rigorous quality
assurance and careful planning of the
demonstrations. Some technologies once
considered innovative have been accepted as
standard in part because of this program.
Superfund site managers, who in 1986 had the
choice of incineration or landfilling, can now
find many other tools in the "remediation
toolbox." SITE continues to look to the future
for innovative solutions to solve the cleanup
challenges of the past.
http://www.epa.gov/ORD/SITE
22
-------
Appendix A
SITE PROJECTS
(Alphabetically by Developer State)
A-l
-------
SITE PROJECTS - BY DEVELOPER STATE
State
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
California
Developer
CMS Research •
Corporation •'.-',-•./
Birmingham, AL .!
Arctic Foundations
Anchorage, AK
Brice
Environmental
Service Corp.
(BESCORP)
Fairbanks, AK
Arizona State
University
Tempe, AZ
STC Omega
(formerly Silicate
Technology
Corporation)
Scottsdale, AZ
Analytical and
Remedial
Technology, Inc.,
Milpitas, CA
Berkeley
Environmental
Restoration Center
(formerly Udell
Technologies, Inc.)
Emeryville, CA
Binax Corp., Antox
Division
Sunnyville, CA
COGNIS, Inc.
Santa Rosa, CA
Eco Mat, Inc.
Hay ward, CA
Energy and
Environmental
Research
Corporation
Irvine, CA
Technology
Portable Gas V. :-. '•••'• "•'':':
Chromatograph :
Freeze Barrier
Soil Washing Plant
Photocatalytic
Oxidation and Air
Stripping
Solidification and
Stabilization
Treatment
Automated
Sampling and
Analytical Platform
In situ Enhanced
Extraction
Imunoassay for
PCB in Soil
Biological/
Chemical
Treatment
Biological
Denitrification
Hybrid Fluidized
Bed System
Contact
H. Ashley Page
205-773-6911 .
Ed Yarmak
907-562-2741
Craig Jones
907-452-2512
Gregory Raupp
606-965-2828
Elliot Berman
352-867-1320
Stephen Pelger
Scott Larsen
602-948-7100
Gary Hopkins
408-263-8931
Kent Udell
510-642-2928
Steve Collins
510-643-1300
Richard
Lankow
408-752-1353
Steve Rock
U.S.'EPA
513-569-7149
Kim Halley
510-783-5885
Richard
Koppang
714-859-8851
Program
Monitoring! and "
,,Measurenient': -v.
Technologies: !/
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Demonstration
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Status
Completed 1992
Completed 1998
Completed 1992
Completed 1999
Completed 1990
Completed 1991
Completed 1993
Completed 1992
Completed 1995
Completed 2000
Completed 1992
A-2
-------
SITE PROJECTS - BY DEVELOPER STATE (continued)
State
California
(continued)
Developer
; Energy and
Environmental
Research
Corporation
• Irvine, CA
Environmental
Biotechnologies
Montara, CA
EPOC Water, Inc.
Fresno, CA
General Atomics
(formerly Ogden
Environmental
' Services)
' San Diego, CA
i Geokinetics
Berkeley, CA
Geokinetics
Berkeley, CA
Geokinetics &
Duke Engineering
1 GIS\Solutions, Inc.
Concord, CA
; Groundwater
Technology
' Government
Services, Inc.
Concord, CA
Hughes
Environmental
• Systems, Inc.
Manhattan Beach,
CA
Integrated Water
Resources, Inc.
Lockheed Martin
Missiles & Space
Co., Inc.
Palo Alto, CA
i Technology
Reactor Filter.
System
Micfobial
Composting
Precipitation,
Microfiltration,
Sludge Dewatering
Circulating Bed
Combuster
Acoustic Barrier
Separator
Electrokinetics
Closed Loop Lead
Recovery
Electrokinetic
Heating &
Surfactant Flushing
GISNKey
Environmental Data
Management
Software
Biological
Composting
Steam Enhanced
Recovery Process
Stripping of TCE
Electrokinetic
Remediation
Contact
Neil Widmer
714-859-8851
Douglas
Munnecke
415-596-1020
Scott Jackson
209-291-8144
Robert Goforth
619-455-2499
Anthony
Gattuso
619-455-2910
Steven Clark .
510-704-2940
Steven Clark
510-704-2940
Steven Clark
510-704-2940
Garry Reid
510-827-5400
Ronald Hicks
510-671-2387
Paul De Percin
U.S. EPA
513-569-7797
805-565-0996
Steven H.
Schwartzkopf
415-424-3176
Program
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration ,
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
. Completed 1995
Completed 1999
Completed
Completed 1993
Completed 1989
Completed 1995
Completed 2000
Ongoing
Completed 1999
Completed 1993
Completed 1995
Completed 1993
Ongoing
Completed
A-3
-------
SITE PROJECTS - BY DEVELOPER STATE (continued)
State
California
(continued)
Developer
Magnum Water
Technology
El Segundo, CA
Membrane
Technology and
Research, lac.
Menlo Park, CA
North American
Technologies
Aprotek
San Ramon, CA
NOVATERRA,
Inc. (formerly
Toxic Treatments
USA, Lac.)
Los Angeles, CA
Praxis
Environmental
Services
Burlingame, CA
Pulse Sciences,
San Leandro, CA
Radian Corporation
(formerly AWD
Technologies, Inc.)
Walnut Creek, CA
Regenesis
Retech, Inc.
Ukiah,CA '
Rochem Separation
Systems, Inc.
Torrance, CA
Roy F. Weston
Sherman Oaks, CA
Simulprobe
Technologies, Inc.
Technology
CAV-OX Process
VaporSep
Membrane Process
Oleofilter
In-situ and Air
Stripping
In-situ Steam
Enhanced
Extraction
X-Ray Treatment
(Aqueous)
X-Ray Treatment
(Soils)
Integrated Vapor
Extraction and
Steam Vacuum
Stripping
Biological
Treatment, HRC of
Organics
Plasma Arc
Vitrification
Rochem Disc Tube
Module System
In well Air
Stripping
Core Barrel Soil
Sampler
Contact
Dale Cox
310-322-4143
Jack Simser
310-640-7000
Marc Jacobs
Doug
Gottschlich
415-328-2228
Cathryn
Wimberly
916-366-6185
Philip LaMori
310-328-9433
Lloyd Stewart
415-641-9044
Vernon Bailey
510-632-5100
ext. 227
Vernon Bailey
510-632-5100
ext. 227
David Bluestein
415-227-0822'
Dr. Stephen
Koeningberg
949-366-8000
Ronald
Womack Leroy
B. Leland 707-
462-6522
David
LaMonica
310-370-3160
JeffBannon
818-971-4900
Eric Klingel
704-660-1673
Richard Laton
415-883-8787
Program
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Status
Completed 1993
Completed 1991
Completed
Completed 1989
Completed 1997
Completed 1994
Completed
Completed 1990
Ongoing ,
Completed 1991
Completed 1994
Completed 1994
Completed
A-4
-------
SITE PROJECTS ^ BY DEVELOPER STATE (continued)
State
California
(continued)
Colorado
Developer
SIVE Services
Dixon, CA
SRI Instruments
Torf ance, CA
Steam Tech
Environmental
Services
Bakersfield, CA .
Steam Tech
Environmental
Services
Bakersfield, CA •
Terra-Kleen
Response Group,
Inc.
Del Mar, CA
Texaco, Inc.
S. El Monte, CA
Thermatrix, Inc.
(Formerly Purus,
Inc.)
San Jose, CA
U.S. EPA Region
rx
San Francisco, CA
U.S. Filter
(formerly Ultrox)
Santa Ana, CA
Weiss Associates
Emeryville, CA
Xon Tech, Inc.
VanNuys, CA
X-19 Biological
Products, Inc.
CF Systems
Corporation
Arvada, CO
Technology
Steam Injection and
Vacuum Extraction
Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Steam Enhanced
Remediation
In-rsitu Thermal
(Steam Injection)
Solvent Extraction
Entrained-Bed
Gasification
Photolytic
Oxidation
Excavation and
Foam Suppression
of Volatiles
Ultraviolet
Radiation and
Oxidation
Electrochemcial
Geoxidation
Xon Tech Sector
Sampler
Microbial
Degradation of
PCBs
Solvent Extraction
i
Batch. Organics
Extraction Unit
Contact
Douglas Dieter
916-678-8358
Douglas
Gavilanes
310-214-5092
Hank Sowers
661-322-6478
Hank Sowers
661-322-6478
Alan Cash
619-558-8762
John Winter
310-908-7387
Steve McAdams
408-453-0490
John Blevins
415-744-2400
John Lowry
412-722-1247
Joe Lovenitti
510-450-6141
Matt Young
818-787-7380
PaulE. Gill
408-970-9485
L.V.
Benningfield
303-420-1550
L.V.
Benningfield
303-420-1550
Program
Demonstration
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Demonstration
Demonstration ••
Demonstration
Status
Exited
Completed 1992
Ongoing
Ongoing
Completed 1994
Completed 1997
Completed 1994
Completed 1992
Completed 1990
Completed 1989
Ongoing
Completed 1991
Ongoing
Completed 1988
Completed
A-5
-------
SITE PROJECTS - BY DEVELOPER STATE (continued)
State
Colorado
(continued)
Developer
Colorado Dept. of
Health
Denver, CO
Colorado School of
Mines, Golden, CO
and Colorado
Department of
Health
Denver, CO
General
Environmental
Corporation
Englewood, CO
Pintail Systems,
Inc.
Aurora, CO
Region 8 and State
of Colorado
Rocky Mountain
Remediation
Services
Golden, CO
Smith
Environmental
Technologies
Corporation
(formerly Canonie
Environmental
Services Corp.)
Englewoodj CO
Technology
Wetland-Based
Treatment for *
Mineral Mine
Drainage
Wetlands-Based
Treatment
Electrocoagulation
Biodegradation of
Cyanide
Blostabilization-bf
Lead
Biostabilization of
Mercury Mining
Wastes
Biological
Stabilization of
Arsenic in Soils
Multiple Innovative
Passive mine
Drainage
Technologies
Environmental Soil
"Amendment
(Stabilization)
Low Temperature
Thermal Aeration
Anaerobic Thermal:
Processor
Contact
Jim Lewis
303-692-3390
Thomas
Wildeman
303-273-3642
Carl Dalrymple
303-761-6960
Caren Caldwell
303-367-8443
Leslie
Thompson
303-367-8443
Leslie
Thompson
303-367-8443
Leslie
Thompson
303-367-8443
Victor
Kettellapper
303-312-6578
JimBarthel
303-215-6620
Joseph Hutton
303-790-1747
Joseph Hutton
303-790-1747
Program
Demonstration
Emerging '
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration.
Demonstration
Demonstration
: Demonstration.
Demonstration:
i Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Completed 1999
Completed
Completed 1995
Completed 1998
Completed 2000
Completed
Completed 2000
Completed 2001
Completed
Completed 1992
Completed 1991
A-6
-------
SITE PROJECTS - BY DEVELOPER STATE (continued)
State
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Developer
Dexsil Corporation
Hamden, CT
4 demonstrations
University of
Connecticut
El. DuPont de
Nemours and Co.
and Qberlin Filter
Co.
Newark, DE and
Waukesha, Wl
Hewlett-Packard
(formerly ,MTI
Analytical
Instruments)
Wilmington, DE
Strategic
Diagnostics Inc.
(formerly Ensys,
Inc.)
Newark, DE
Funderburk and
Associates
Apollo Beach, FL
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications,
Inc./Florida
International
' University and
University of
Miami
Miami, FL
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Miami, FL
PCP, Inc.
'West Palm Beach,
FL
American
Combustion, Inc.
Norcross, GA
Technology
Environmental Test
Kits (PCS) Chlor-
N-Soil
L2000
PCB/Chloride
Analyzer
Permanganate/
Persulfate
Oxidation
Treatment for PCE
Membrane
Microfiltration
Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Immunoassay for
PCP
Dechlorination and
Immobilization
High-Energy
Electron Irradiation
(Aqueous)
High Energy
Electronic Beam
(Solids)
Ion Mobility
Spectrometry
r
PYKETRON
Thermal
Destruction
Contact
Jack Mahon
203-288-3509
George Hoag
860-486-2781
Ernest Mayer
302-774-2277
Hewlett-
Packard
800-227-9770 •
BobBelair
302-633-8487
TimLawruk
800-544-8881
302-456-6782
Ray Funderburk
800-723-8847
William Cooper
910-962-3450
William Cooper
305-593-5330
Martin Cohen
407-683-0507
Gregory Gitman
404-564-41.80
Program
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Demonstration
Demonstration
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Monitoring and
Measurement
. Technologies
Demonstration
Status
Completed 1993
Ongoing
Completed 1990
Completed 1992
Completed 1993
Completed 1997
Completed 1993
Completed 1994
Completed
Completed 1991
Completed 1988
A-7
-------
SITE PROJECTS - BY DEVELOPER STATE (continued)
State
Georgia
(continued)
Idaho
Illinois
Developer
ETG.,Inc.
Norcross, GA
Sonotech, Inc.
Atlanta, GA
Williams
Environmental
Services, Inc.
(Formerly .Harmon
Environmental
Services, Inc.)
Stone Mountain,
GA
Aquatic Research
Instruments
Aquatic Research
Instruments
Argonne National
Laboratory West
Idaho Fall, ID
Art's
Manufacturing and
Supply
J.R. Simplot Co.
Pocatello, ID
Morrison Knudsen.
Corp./STG
Technologies
Boise, ID
Process
Technologies, Inc.
Boise, ID
U.S. DOE/ Duke
Engineering
Lockheed, ID
Allied Signal • . .
Corporation :
Des Plains, IL
Technology
Long-Path Fourier
Transform Infrared
Spectrometer
Frequency Tunable '.
Pulse Combustion
.System
Soil Washing
Sediment Core
Sampler
Russian Peat Borer
Phytoremediation
of Radionuclides
AMS™ Dual-Tube
Liner Soil Sampler
AMS™ Split Core
Sampler
Anaerobic
Biological Process
Anaerobic
Biological Process
Grouting Technique
Photolytic
Destruction of SVE
off-gases
Surfactant
Enhanced Acquifer
Remediation
Submerged Aerobic
Fixed Film Reactor
Contact
Orman Simpson
404-242-0977
BenZinn
404-894-3033
S. Jackson
Hubbard
(U.S. EPA)
513-569-7507
Will Young
208-768-2222
Will Young
208-768-2222
Scott Lee
208-533-7829
Brian Anderson
800-635-7330
Brian Anderson
800-635-7330
Russell Kaake
208-235-5620
Tom Yergovich
209-858-2511
Kathryn Levihn .
Rick Raymond!
208-386-6115
Michael Swan
208-385-0900
Michael Shook
208-526-6945
Steve Lupton
708-391-3500
Program
Monitoring arid
Measurement
Technologies
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Monitoring and
Measurement
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Demonstration
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Completed 1992
Completed 1995
Exited 1992
Completed
Completed
Ongoing
Completed
Completed 1999
Completed 1993
Completed 1994
Completed
Exited
Completed 1999
Completed
A-8
-------
SITE PROJECTS - BY DEVELOPER STATE (continued)
State
Illinois
(continued)
Indiana
Developer
Institute of Gas
Technology
Institute of Gas
Technology
OHM
Environmental
(formerly RtTST
Remedial Services,
Inc.)
Lombard, IL
Recycling Sciences,
Inc.
Chicago, H,
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems
(formerly .Chemical
Waste
Management)
Schaumburg, IL
Bio-Rem, Inc.
Butler, IN
Geoprobe
Salina,KS .
Sevenson
Environmental
Services, Inc.
Munster, IN
Sevenson
Environmental
Services, Inc.
Munster, IN
Technology
Chemical and
Biological
Treatment
Pluid Extraction-
Biological
Degradation
Process
Fluidized-Bed
Cyclonic
Agglomerating
Incinerator
Superficial
Extraction/Liquid
Phase Oxidation of
Waste
XrTRAX Thermal
Desorption
Desorption and
Vapor Extraction
System
Evaporation and
Chemical Oxidation
i
Augmented In-situ
Subsurface
Bioremediation
Process
Soil, Water, Vapor
Sampling Cone
Penetrometer
Chemical
Stabilization of
Mercury Mining
Wastes
MAECTITE®
Treatment Process
Contact
Robert Kelley
847-768-0722
Albert Paterek
847-768-0720
Mike Mensinger
847-768-0602
Amir Rehmat
847-768-0588
Mike Mensinger
847-768-0602
Dick Ayen
803-646-2413
William
Meenan
312-663-4269
Bob Hernquist
708-706-6900
David Mann
219-868-5823
800-428-4626
Wes McCall
Tom Omli
800-436-7762
Steve Chisick
219-836-0116
Chuck
McPheeters
219-836-0116
Program
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Monitoring and
Measuring
Technologies
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Completed 1993
Completed 1992
Completed
Completed
Completed 1992
Completed
Completed
Completed 1993
Completed 1995
Exited
Completed 2000
A-9
-------
SITE PROJECTS - BY DEVELOPER STATE (continued)
State
Indiana
(continued)
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maty land
Massachusetts
Developer
Soil Tech, ATP
Systems Inc
Porter, IN
Clements
Associates, Inc.
Geoprobe Systems
SaUna,KS
Microsensqr
System, Inc.
Bowling Green, KY
Advanced
Remediation
Mixing, Inc.
(Formerly Chemfix
Technologies, Inc.)
Kenner, LA
Electrokinetics, Inc.
Baton Rouge, LA
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
Baton Rouge, LA
Quadrel Services,
Inc.
W. L. Gore and
Associates, Inc.
ABB
Environmental
Services, Inc..
Wakefield, MA
Harding Lawson
Associates
(formally ABB
Environmental
Services, Inc.)
Wakefield, MA
Harding-Lawson
Engineers
Wakefield, MA
Technology
Thermal Desorption
JMC
•Environmentalist's
.Subsoil Probe
Large Bore Soil
Sampler
Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Solidification and
Stabilization
Electrokinetic
Remediation
Electro-Klean
Electrokinetic
Soil Remediation
Membrane
Separation and
Bioremediation
Emflux®5oil-Gas
Survey System
Gore-Scrubber®
Passive Soil Gas
Sampler
Anaerobic/
Aerobic Sequential
Bioremediation
Two-Zone Plume
Interception In-situ
Treatment Strategy
In-situ Anerobic-
aerotic
Bioremediation
Contact
Joe Hutton
215-926-8651
Jim Clements
515-792-8285
Wesley McCall
Tom Omli
800-436-7762
Norman Davis
502-752-1353
Sam Pizzitola
504-461-0466
ElifAcar
504-388-3992
ElifAcar
504-753-8004
Clayton Page
504-755-7711
Bruce Tucker
Paul Henning
301-874-5510
Ray
Fenstermacher
410-392-7600
Willard Murray
617-245-6606
Jaret Johnson
Willard Murray
617-245-6606
William Murray
617-245-6606
Program
Demonstration
Monitoring and .','.
.Measurements! ,;
Technologies
Monitoring and
Measurements
Technologies
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Demonstration
Emerging .
Technology
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Status
Completed 1992
Completed
Completed
Completed 1995
Completed 1989
Completed 1989
Exited
Exited
Completed
1995
Completed
Completed
Completed 1998
Completed
Ongoing
A-10
-------
SITE PROJECTS - BY DEVELOPER STATE (continued)
State
Massachusetts
(continued)
Michigan (and
Mississippi)
Minnesota
Developer
Bruker Instruments
Billerica, MA
HNU Systems, Inc.
Newtown, MA
HNU Systems, Inc.
Newtown, MA
KSE, Inc.
Amherst, MA
Maxymillian
Technologies, Inc.
(formerly Clean
Berkshires)
Lanesboro, MA
Millipore
Corporation
Bedford, MA
Niton Corporation
Bedford, MA
bhmicron
Corporation
Newton, MA
PSI Technology Co.
Andover, MA
UV Technologies,
Inc.
(formerly Energy
and Environmental
Engineering, Inc.)
East Cambridge,
MA
Army Corps of
Engineers
BioTrol Inc.
Eden Prairie, MN
Technology
Bruker Mobile
Environmental
Mbnitor
Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Portable XJRay
Fluorescence
Spectrometer
AirU
Photocatalytic
Technology for Air
Streams
High Temperature
Thermal Process
EnviroGardPCB
Immunoassay Test
Kit
Immunoassay for
PCP (Soil, Water)
Portable X-Ray
Fluorescence
Spectrometer
Imniunoassay for
PCP in Soil
Immobilize and
Decontaminate
Metals in
Aggregate Solids
Laser-Induced
Photochemical
Oxidative
Destruction
Phytoremediation
Biptreatment of
Groundwater
Contact
Dr. Brian
Abraham
508-667-9580
Jack Driscoll
800-724-6690
617-964-6690
Jack Driscoll
800-724-6690
617-964-6690
James Kittrell
413-549-5506
Jim
Maxymillian
413-499-3050
Alan Weiss
617-275-9200
Alan Weiss
617-275-9200
Don Sackett
781-275-9275
Mary Hayes
215-860-5115
Joseph Morency
508-689-0003
John Roll
James Porter
617-666-5500
Detroit, MI and
Vicksburg, MS
Dennis Chilcote
612-942-8032
Program
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Demonstration
Demonstration
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Completed
Completed 1992
Completed 1995
Completed 1999
Completed 1993
Completed 1992
Completed 1993
Completed 1995
Completed 1993
Completed 1993
Completed 1993
Ongoing
Completed 1989
A-ll
-------
SITE PROJECTS - BY DEVELOPER STATE (continued)
State
Minnesota
(continued)
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Jersey
Developer
BioTrol, Inc.
Eden Prairie, MN
BioTrol, Inc.
Eden Prairie, MN
BioTrol, Inc.
Eden Prairie, MN
Membrane
Corporation
Minneapolis, MN
COGNIS
TERRAMET
Gross, MO
Montana College of
Mineral.Science
and Technology
Burte,MT
University of
Nebraska
Lincoln, ME
U.S. EPA
Las Vegas, NV
Accutech Inc
Keyport, NJ and
New Jersey
Institute of
Technology
Newark, NJ
ART International,
Inc.
(formerly Enviro
Sciences, Inc.)
Denville,NJ
Dehydro-Tech.
Corporation
Somerville, NJ
Technology
Methanotropic
Bioreactor System-
Biological Aqueous
Treatment System
Soil Washing
System
Membrane Gas
'Transfer in Waste
Remediation
Removal of Lead
from Soils
Air-Sparged
Hydrocyclone
Campbell
Centrifugal Jig
Spray Irrigation
Field Analytical
Screening Program
(FASP)
Pneumatic
Fracturing
Extraction and Hot
Gas Injection
Low-Energy
Solvent Extraction
Process
Carver-Greenfield
Process for
Extraction of Oily
Waste
Contact
Dwell Dobbins
612-942-8032
Durell Dobbins
612-942-8032
Dennis 'Chilcote
612-942-8032
Charles Gantzer
612-378-2160
Lou Magdits
573-626-3476 .
Theodore
Jordan
406-496-4112
406-496-4193
Gordon Ziesing
406-496-1573
406-496-4193
Ray Spalding
402-483-3931
Howard Fribush
703-603-8831
Larry Jack
702-798-2373
John Liskowitz
908-739-6444
Werner Sterner
201-627-7601
Theodore
Trowbridge
908-904-1606
Program
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
i
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Status
Completed 1992
Completed 1989
Completed 1989
Discontinued
Completed 1994
Completed 1994
Ongoing
Completed 1996
Completed 1996
Completed 1992
Completed 1994
Completed 1991
A-12
-------
SITE PROJECTS - BY DEVELOPER STATE (continued)
State
New Jersey
(continued)
New Mexico
Developer
Geotech
• Development
Corporation
Newark, NJ
Envirogen; Inc.
Lawrenceville, NJ
M.L. ENERGIA,
Inc.
Princeton, NJ
M.L. ENERGIA,
Inc.
Princeton, NJ
New Jersey
Institute of
Technology,
.Hazardous
, Substance
: Management
Research Center
Newark, NJ .
iNew Jersey
Institute of
'Technology
Newark, NJ and
GeoTech
Development
Corporation
King of Prussia, PA
New Jersey
Institute of
Technology
Newark, NJ
Phytotech, Inc.
Monmouth, NJ
Sentex Sensing
Technology, Inc.
Ridgefield, NJ
Solucorp
Saddle Back, NJ
Billings and
Associates, Inc.
Albuquerque, MM
Technology
CoJdTop
Vitrification
Microbial
Degradation/
Solvent Extraction
Reductive Photo-
Dechlorination
Treatment
Reductive
Photo-Thermal
Oxidation Processes
for Chlorocarbons
Pneumatic
Fracturing/
Bioremediation
i .
Cold Top
Vitrificatkra
i
!
GHEA Associates
Process
Phytoextraction of
metal from soil
Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Molecular Bonding
System
Subsurface
Vplatilization and
Ventilation System
Contact
William
Librizzi
201-596-5846
Thomas Tate
610-337-8515
Ronald '
Unterman
(609) 936-9300
Moshe Lavid
609-799-7970
Moshe Lavid
.609-799-7970
John Schuring
201-596-5849
David Kosson
908-445-4346
William
Librizzi
201-596-5846
Thomas Tate
610-337-8515
Itzhak Gottlieb
201-226-4642
Burt Ensley
908-438-0900
Amos
Linenberg
201-945-3694
Robert Kuhn
914-623-2333
Gale Billings
505-345-1116
Don Brenneman
713-676-5324
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Exited
Completed 2000
Completed 1995
Completed
Completed 1992
Exited
Completed 1992
Completed 1998
Completed 1992
Completed
Completed 1994
A-13
-------
SITE PROJECTS - BY DEVELOPER STATE (continued)
State
New Mexico
(continued)
New York
Developer
Commodore
Advanced Sciences,
Inc.
Albuquerque, NM
Resource
Management and
Recovery (formerly
Bio-Recovery
Systems, Inc.)
Las Cruces, NM
Sandia National
Laboratories
Albuquerque, NM
Thermo Nutech
(fonnerly TMA
Eberline)
Albuquerque, NM
Photovac
International, Inc.
Deer Park, NY
SBP Technologies,
Inc.
White Plains, NY
RECRA
Environmental, Inc.
(formerly Electro-
Pure Systems, Inc.)
Amherst, NY
State University of
New York at
Oswego
Oswego, NY
Texaco Syngas, Inc.
White Plains, NY
Xerox Corporation
Webster, NY
Technology
Set Process for
PCBs in soil .
1 • ,- ' - • . ,,,'',
AlgaSorb
Biological Sorption
Elecfrokinetic
Extraction in
Unsaturated Soils
Segmented Gate
System for
Radioactive
Materials
Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Bioventing, Air
Sparging,
Biological
Treatment for
Ground Water
(multi-developer
project with State of
New York)
Alternating Current
Electrocoagula-tion
Technology
Photocatalytic
Treatment for
Sediments
Gasification
Process
Ground Water
Extraction
Contact
Mark Jones
505-872-6803
Mike Hosea
505-382-9228
EricLindgren
505-844-3820
Earl Mattson
505-856-3311
JeffBrown
423-481-0683.
Mark Collins
516-254-4199
Richard
Desrosiers
914-694-2280
Nick Kolak
518-457-3372
Kenneth
Kinecki
800-527-3272
Ronald
Scrudato
Jeffrey
Shiarenzelli
315-341-3639
John Winter
316-251-4000
ext. 536
Ron Hess
716-422-3694
Phil Mook
916-643-5443
Program
Demonstration :
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Completed 2000
Completed 1990
Completed 1999
Completed ,
Completed 1992
Completed 1995
Completed 1992
Completed 1995
Completed 1994
Completed 1995
A-14
-------
SITE PROJECTS - BY DEVELOPER STATE (continued)
State !
Ohio
•t
Developer
ASC/EMR .
WrighttPatterson
AFB
Dayton, OH
Babock and Wilcox
Alliance Research
Center
AOiance, OH
Battelle Memorial
Institute
Columbus, OH
Commodore
Environmental
Columbus, Ohio
JFerro Corporation
Independence, OH
IT Corporation
Cincinnati, OH
IT Corporation
(formerly OHM
Remediation
Services Corp.)
Findlay, OH
Monsanto/ Dupont
Cincinnati, OH
University of
Dayton Research
Institute
Dayton, OH
US EPA Mobile
Volume Reduction
Unit
Cincinnati, Ohio
U.S.EPANRMRL
Cincinnati, OH
U.S.EPANRMRL
and ETC
Environmental
Cincinnati, OH
Technology
'Phytoremedia-tion
uf TCE in
.Groundwater
.Cyclone
Vitrification
'In-situ
Electroacoustic Soil
Decontamina-tion
Solvated Electron
Treatment of
Chlorinated
Organic?
Waste Vitrification
Through Electric
Melting
Chelation/
Blectro-deposition
of Toxic Metals
from Soil
Oxygen
Microbubble
In-situ
Bioremediation.
In-situ
Electroosmosis of
TCE-insoiJ/
Groundwaters
>"Lasagna Process"
Photothermal
Detoxification Unit
;
-------
SITE PROJECTS - BY DEVELOPER STATE (continued)
State
Ohio
(continued)
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Developer
U.S. EPA Risk
Reduction
Engineering
Laboratory and IT
Corporation
Cincinnati, OH
U.S, EPA Risk
Reduction
Engineering
Laboratory and
ERX,IJac.
Cincinnati, OH
U.S. EPA
NRMRL
Cincinnati, OH
Geo-Microbial
Technologies,
Ochelata, OK
Metorex,Inc.
Bend, OR
Aluminum
Company of
America (formerly
Alcoa Separations
Technology, Inc.)
Pittsburgh, PA
Calgon Carbon
Oxidation
Technologies
(formerly
Peroxidation
Systems, Inc.)
Pittsburgh, PA
Center for
Hazardous
Materials Research
Pittsburgh, PA
Center for
Hazardous
Materials Research
Pittsburgh, PA
Technology
Debris Washing
System
Hydraulic
Fracturing
Alternate Cover
Assessment
Program (ACAP)
Technology for
Metals Release and
Removal from
Wastes
' Field Portable X-;; /-
. Ray Fluorescence/- ,
(FPXRF): ••"••''••• '","•
Bioscrubber
Perox-Pur Chemical
Oxidation
Acid Extraction
Treatment System
Organics
Destruction and
Metals Stabilization
Contact
Michael Taylor
513-782-4700
William Slack
513-469-6040
Steve Rock
513-569-7149
Donald Hitzman
918-535-2281
JimPasrriore
800-229-9209 ;•;
. 541-385-6748 ',, :
Paul Liu
412-826-3711
Bertrand
Dussert
412-787-6681
Stephe Paff
412-826-5321
B Stephe Paff
412-826-5321
Brian
Bosilovich
412-826-5321
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Monitoring and
, Measuring".' .'•••
^Technologies;:
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Status
Completed 19.90
Completed 1992
Completed 2001
Completed 2001
Completed 1995
Completed 1993
Completed 1995
Completed 1992
Completed 1995
A-16
-------
SITE PROJECTS - BY DEVELOPER STATE (continued)
State
Pennsylvania
(continued)
Developer
. Concurrent
Technologies
(formerly Center
for Hazardous
Materials Research)
Pittsburgh, PA
MacTec-SPB
Technologies
Company
, Pittsburgh, PA
Geo-Con, Inc.
Monroeville, PA
2 Demonstrations
Horsehead
Resource
Development Co.
Inc.
Monaca, PA
, Lewis
Environmental
Services, Inc.
Pittsburgh, PA
Strategic
Diagnostics, Inc.
Newtown, PA
Remediation
Technologies, Inc.
Pitsburgh, PA
R.E. Wright
Middletown, PA
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
West Chester, PA
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
West Chester, PA
: Technology
Lead Smelting
In Well Vapor
Stripping of Ground
Water
Inrsitu
Solidification/
Stabilization
Flame Reactor
i
Soil Leaching
Process
Immunoassay for
PCP
Slurry
Biodegradation
Bioventing, Air
Sparging,
Biological
Treatment for
Ground Water
(multi-developer
project with state of
New York)
Thermal Desorption
Steam Regeneration
Adsorption System
(Ambersorb)
Contact
Brian
Bosilovich
412-826-5321
Mark
McGlathery
800-444-6221
Linda Ward
Robert Hay den
412-856-7700
Regis Zagrocki
610-826-8810
Tom Lewis m
412-322-8100
Craig
Kostyshyn
215-860-5115
ext. 634
David Nakles
412-826-3340
Richard Cronce
717-944-5501
Mike Cosmos
215-430-7423
John
Thoroughgood
610-701-3728
Deborah Plantz
215-537-4061
Program
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Status
Completed 1993
Completed 1999
Completed 1988
Completed
Exited
Completed 1993
Completed 1991
Completed 1992
Completed 1992
Completed 1995
A-17
-------
SITE PROJECTS - BY DEVELOPER STATE (continued)
State
Pennsylvania
(continued)
South Carolina
Tennessee
Texas
Developer
Vortec Corp
Collegeville, PA
E&C Williams
Summerville, SC
University of South
Carolina
Columbia, SC
Bergmann USA
Gallatin, TN
Brown and Root
Environmental/
Illinois Institute of
Technology
Oak Ridge, TN
IT Corporation
Knoxville, TN
IT Corporation
Knoxville, TN
WASTECH, Inc.
Oak Ridge, TN
Geokinetics and
Duke Engineering
EET,Inc.
Bellaire,TX
Technology
Oxidation and
Vitrification
Process
Chemical
Stabilization of
Mercury Mining
Wastes
In-situ Mitigation
of Acid Water
Soil and Sediment
Washing
Technology
Radio Frequency
Heating
Batch Steam
Distillation and
Metal Extraction
Eimco Biolift
Slurry Reactor as
developed by
Tekno Associates
Mixed Waste
Treatment Process
Photocalytic and
Biological Soil
Detoxificaiton
Solidification/
Stabilization
Electrokinetic
Flushing &
Surfactant Flushing
PCB/Metals
Extraction from
Porous, Surfaces
Contact
James Hnat
610-489-2255
Charlie
Williams 843-
821-4200
Frank Caruccio
803-777-4512
George Jones
615-230-2217
Clifton
Blanchard
423-483-9900
Stuart Shealy
423-690-3211
Kandi Brown
423-690-3211
Ed Alperin
615-690-3211
Duane Graves
423-690-3211 ,
Terrence Lyons
U.S. EPA
513-569-7859
Harry
Linnemeyer
512-425-2000
Steven Clark
510-704-2940
TimTarrillion
713-662-0727
Program
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration/
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Completed 1993
Exited '
Completed 2001
Completed 1995
Completed 1992
Completed 1994
Completed 1992
Completed 1992
Completed 1995
Completed 1993
Completed 1991
Completed 1999
Completed 1997
A-18
-------
SITE PROJECTS r BY DEVELOPER STATE (continued)
State
Texas (continued)
Utah
Developer
ENSR Consulting
Engineering and
Larson Engineering
Houston, TX
Filter Flow
Technology, Inc.
League City, TX
Fugro Geoscjences,
Inc.
Houston, TX
•Hanby
Environmental
Laboratory
Wimberly, TX
Hrubetz
'Environmental
Services,'Inc.
Dallas; TX
SolMtech, Inc.
Houston, TX
Star Organics
Dallas, TX
TN Spectrace
Round Rock, TX
Micro-Bac
International, Inc.
University of
Houston
Houston, TX
'Western Product
1 Recovery Group,
Inc.
Houston, TX
Phytokinetics, Inc.
North Logan, UT
Technology
Bioventing, Air
Sparging,
Biological
Treatment for
Ground Water
(multi-developer
project with the
State of New York)
Colloid Polishing
Method
Laser Fluorescence
PAH, BTEX
Screening Cone
Penetrometer
PCP Test Kit
HRUBOUT Process
Solidification and
Stabilization
Injection Soil
Amendment
(Stabilization)
Portable X-Ray
Fluorescence
Spectrometer
Microbial
Degradation of
PCBs
Concentrated Salt
Extraction of Lead
CCB A Physical and
Chemical
Treatment
Phytoremedia-tion
of Soils
Contact
.David Rarhsden
(ENSR)
713-520-6802
N. Sathi-
yakumar
716-272-7310
Todd Johnson
713-334-6080
Andrew Taer
713-778-5580
John Hanby
512-847-1212
Barbara Hrubetz
Michael
Hrubetz
214-363-7833
Bill Stallworth
713-497-8558
Phil Clarke
214-522-0742
Peter Barry
512-388-9100
Todd Kenney
512-310-9000
Dennis "Clifford
713-743-4266
Donald Kelly
713-493-9321
BertElkins
619-749-8856
Ari Ferro
801-750-0985
Program
Demonstration
demonstration
Monitoring and
Measuring
Technologies
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Demonstration
Demonstration'
Demonstration
Monitoring and
Measuring
Technologies
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Status
Completed 1995
Completed 1992
Completed 1996
Completed 1993
Completed 1993
Completed 1988
Completed 1999
Completed 1995
Ongoing
Completed 1999
Completed 1994
Completed 1999
Completed 1999
A-19
-------
SITE PROJECTS - BY DEVELOPER STATE (continued)
State
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
Developer
Green Mountain .
Laboratories
BioGenesis
Enterprises, Inc.
Fairfax Station, VA
BWX Tech., Inc.
(Affiliate of
Babcock and
Wilcox Co.
Lynchburg, VA
Dynaphore, Inc.
Richmond, VA
ITT Industries
Roanoke, VA
ECOVA
Corporation
Redmond, WA
Geosafe
Corporation '
RichlanoYWA
Ionics/ Resources
Conservation Co.
Bellevue, WA
Keeco
Remediation
Technologies, Inc.
(ReTec) Seattle,
WA
Remediation
Technologies, Inc.
(ReTec) Seattle,
WA
Scitec Corporation
RichlanoVWA
University of
Washington
Seattle, WA
Technology
Biodegradation of
PCBs in. Soils /
Soil Washing/
Biological
Treatment
Cyclone Furnace
Removal of
Dissolved Heavy
Metals via
FORAGER Sponge
Enhanced In-Situ
Bioremediation of
Chlorinated
Compounds
Bioslurry Reactor
In-situ Vitrification
BEST Solvent
Extraction
Chemical
Stabilization of
Mercury Mining
Wastes
Methanotrophic
Biofilra Reactor
Eiquid and Soils
Biological
Treatment
Field Portable X-
Ray Fluorescence
Asdbrptive
Filtration
Contact
AdamT-xmgee ;••'
802-223-1468
Charles Wilde
703-250-3442
Evan Reynolds
804-522-6000
Norman Rainer
804-288-7109
Rosann
Kryczkowski
540-362-7356
Alan Jones
206-883-1900
James Hansen
Matthew Haass
509-375-0710
William Hines
206-828-2400
Amy Anderson
888-977-9156
Hans Stroo
206-624-9349
Merv Cooper
206-624-9349
Steve Santy
800-466-5323
509-783-9850
Mark Benjamin!
206-543-7645
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Monitoring .and
Measurement
Technologies
Emerging
Technology
Status
Completed 2QOO
Completed 1992
Completed 1992
Completed 1991
Completed 1994
Completed 1999
Completed 1991
Completed 1994
Completed 1992
Completed 2001
Completed 1995
Completed 1994
Completed 1995
Completed 1992
A-20
-------
SITE PROJECTS - BY DEVELOPER STATE (continued)
State
Washington
(continued)
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Canada
Developer
Wader
Construction
Minergy
Svedala Industries
(formerly Allis
Mineral Systems)
Oak Creek, WI
USEPA/NRMRL
US-DA Forest
Products Lab
Madison
University of
Wisconsin,
Madison, WI
Western Research
Institute
Laramie, WY
Atomic Energy of
Canada, Limited
Chalk River,
Ontario
Atomic Energy of
Canada, 'Limited
Chalk River,
Ontario
Cone Tech
Investigations
Vancouver, British
Colombia
ELI Ecologic
International, Inc.
Rockwood, Ontario
EnviroMetal
Technologies, Inc.
EnviroMetal
Technologies, Inc.
Guelph, Ontario
2 Demonstrations
: Technology
Mateori: Modified
Asphalt Cap
Thermal Sediment
Reuse Technology
Pyrokiln Thermal
Encapsulation
Process
Fungus Treatment
Technology
Photoelectro- .
catalytic Treatment
of Metals and
Organics in Water
Contained
Recovery of Oily
Wastes (CROW)
Ultrasonic-Acid
Leachate
Treatment for
Mixed Wastes
i
Chemical
Treatment and
Ultrafiltration
Resistivity, pH,
Seismic,
Temperature, Cone
Penetrometer
Thermal Gas Phase
Reduction Process
and Thermal
Desorption
In Situ Reactive
Barrier
Metal Enhanced
Abiotic
Degradation
Contact
W. Randall
G'arrett
800-484-9404
Terry Carroll
920-727-1411
JimKidd
414-798-6341
Glenn Heian
414-762-1190
Richard Lamar
,608-231-9469
Marc Anderson
608-262-2674
Charles Hill, Jr.
608-263-4593
James Speight
307-721-2011
Shiv Vijayan
613-583-3311
ext. 3220/6057
Leo Buckley
613-584-3311
Ward Phillips
604-327-4311
Jim Nash
519-856-9591
John Vogan
519-824-0432
William
Matulewicz
609-722-6700
Program
Demonstration1
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Monitoring and
Measuring
Technologies
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Ex-situ
In-situ
Status
Completed 2001
Completed 2001
Completed 1993
Completed 1991
Completed
Completed 1991
Completed 1997
Completed
Completed 1993
Completed 1992
Completed 1992
Completed 2000
Completed 1995
Completed
A-21
-------
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION SITES - BY SITE STATE (continued)
State
California
(continued)
Demonstration
Location
Livermore, CA
Lawrence Livennore
National Laboratory
(LLNL)
(Region 9)
Livennore, CA
LLNL
(Region 9)
March AFB.CA
(Region 9)
PortHueneme, CA
Naval Facilities
Engineering Service
Center
(Region 9)
Redding, CA
Iron Mountain
Superfund Site
Sacramento, CA
McClellanAFB
(Region 9)
Sacramento, CA
McClellan'AFB
(Region 9)
San Diego, CA
Technology
Chemical
Oxidation
Perox-Pure
In-situ Enhanced
Extraction
In well Air
Stripping
Solvated Electron
Treatment of
Chlorinated
Organics
Precipitation,
Microfiltration,
Sludge
Dewatering
Photolytic
Destruction for
SVE Off-gases
Groundwater
Extraction
Circulating Bed
Cumbuster
Contact
Calgon Carbon
Oxidation
Technologies
(formerly
Peroxidation
Systems, Inc.
Pittsburgh, PA
Bertrand Dussert
412-787-6681
Berkley
Environmental
Restoration
(formerly Udell
Technologies,
Inc.)
Emeryville, CA
Kent Udell
510-653-9477
Roy Western
Woodland Hills,
CA
JeffBannon
818-971-4900
Commodore
Environmental
Columbus, OH
Neil Dronby
614-297-0365
EPOC Water, Inc.
Fresno, CA
Scott Jackson
209-291-8144
Process
Technologies, Inc.
Boise, ID
Michael Swan
208-385-0900
Xerox Two Phase
Extraction
Webster, NY
Ron Hess
716-422-3694
General Atomics
(formerlt Ogden
Environmental
Services)
San Diego, CA
Robert Goforth
619-455-2499
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Completed
1995
Completed
1993
Completed
1994
Completed
1996
Completed
1993
Exited
Completed
1995
Completed
1989
B-4
-------
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION SITES - BY SITE STATE (continued)
State
California
(continued)
Demonstration
Location
Livermore, CA
Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory
(LLNL)
(Region 9)
Livermore, CA
LLNL
(Region 9)
March AFB, CA
(Region 9)
Port Hueneme, CA
Naval Facilities
Engineering Service
Center
(Region 9)
Redding, GA
Iron Mountain
Superfund Site
Sacramento, CA
McClellanAFB
(Region 9)
Sacramento, CA "
McClellan'AFB
(Region 9)1
San Diego, CA
Technology
Chemical
Oxidation
Perox-Pure
In-siru Enhanced
Extraction
In well Air
Stripping
Solvated Electron
Treatment of
Chlorinated
Organics
Precipitation,
Microfiltration,
Sludge
Dewatering
Photolytic
Destruction for
SVE Off-gases
Groundwater
Extraction
i
Circulating Bed
Cumbuster
Contact
Calgon Carbon
Oxidation
Technologies
(formerly
Peroxidation
Systems, Inc.
Pittsburgh, PA
Bertrand Dussert
412-787-6681
Berkley
Environmental
Restoration
(formerly Udell
Technologies,
Inc.)
Emeryville, CA
Kent Udell
510-653-9477
Roy Weston
Woodland Hills,
CA
JeffBannon
818-971-4900
Commodore
Environmental
Columbus, OH
Neil Dronby
614-297-0365
EPOC Water, Inc.
Fresno, CA
Scott Jackson
209-291-8144
Process
Technologies, Inc.
Boise, ID
Michael Swan
208-385-0900
Xerox Two Phase
Extraction
Webster, NY
Ron Hess
716-422-3694
General Atomics
(formerlt Ogden
Environmental
Services)
San Diego, CA
Robert Goforth
619-455-2499
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Completed
1995
Completed
1993
Completed
1994
Completed
1996
Completed '
1993
Exited
Completed
1995
Completed
1989
B-4
-------
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION SITES - BY SITE STATE (continued)
State
California
(continued)
Demonstration
Location
Clear Lake, CA
Clear Lake, CA
Edwards AFB, CA
(Region 9)
Fresno, CA
Selma Site
(Region 9)
Fresno, CA
Selma Site
(Region 9)
Fullerton, CA
McColl Superfund
Site
(Region 9)
Huntington Beach,
CA
Rainbow Disposal
(Region 9)
Jackson, CA
Pintail Systems, Inc.
(Region 9)
Technology
Chemical
Stabilization of
Mercury Mining
Wastes
Chemical
Stabilization of
Mercury Mining
Wastes
CAV-OX
Oxidation
Process
Entrained-Bed
Gasfication
Silicate
Compounds by
Solidification/
Stabilization!
Excavation and
Foam
Suppression of
Volatiles
Steam Injection/
Vacuum
Extraction
(SIVE)
Biological
Stabilization of
Arsenic in Soils
Contact
Sevenson, W.C.
Munster, IN
Steve Chisick
219-836-0116
E&C Williams
Summerville, SC
Charlie Williams
84-821-4200
Magnum Water
Technology
El Segundo, CA
Dale Cox
310-640-7000
Texaco, Inc.
S. El Monte, CA
John Winter
310-908-7387
STC Omega
(formerly Silicate
Technology
Corporation)
Scottsdale, AZ
Steve Pegler
602-948-7100
U.S. EPA
Region 9
San Francisco, CA
Jon Blevins
415-744-2400
Hughes
Environmental
Manhattan Beach,
CA
(No longer a
vendor for SIVE)
Paul De Percin
U.S. EPA
513-569-7797
Pintail Systems,
Inc.
Aurora, CO
Leslie Thompson
303-367-8443
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Exited
Completed
2001
Completed
1993
Completed
1994
Completed
1990
Completed
1990
Completed
1993
Completed
2000
B-3
-------
SITE PROJECTS - BY DEVELOPER STATE (continued)
State
Italy
Puerto "Rico
Developer
Gruppo
Italimpresse
(developed by
Shirco Infrared
Systems, Inc.)
(formerly ECOVA)
Rome, Italy
2 Demonstrations
Terra Vac, Inc.
San Juan, PR
Technology
Infrared Thermal
Destruction
In-sita Vacuum
Extraction
Contact
John Cioffi
206-883-1900
James Malot
787-725-8750
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration'
Status
Completed 1987
Completed
A-23
-------
-------
Appendix B
SITE TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION SITES
(Alphabetically by Demonstration Site State)
B-l
-------
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION SITES - BY SITE STATE
State
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Demonstration
Location
Fairbanks, AK
ABE
Superfund Site
(Region 10)
Phoenix, AZ
Pesticide Site
(Region 9)
Phoenix, AZ
Pesticide Site
(Region 9)
Phoenix, AZ
Williams AFB
(Region 9)
Jefferson, AR
Incineration Research
Facility (ERF)
(Region 6)
Burbank, CA
Lockheed Site
(Region 9)
Clear Lake, CA
Technology
Soil Washing
Low
Temperature
Thermal Aeration
Anaerobic
Thermal
Processor
In-situ
Subsurface
Bioremediation
Tunable-Pulse
Combustion
Pyreton Burner
(Thermal
Destruction)
Integrated In-situ
Vapor Extraction
and Steam
Vacuum
Stripping Process
Biostabilization
of Mercury
Mining Wastes
Contact
Brice,
Environmental
Services
Corporation
(BESCORP)
Fairbanks, AK
Craig Jones
907-452-2515
Smith
Environmental
Services (formerly
Canonie)
Englewood, CO
Joe Hutton
219-926-8651
Smith
Environmental
Services (formerly
Canonie)
Englewood, CO
Joe Hutton
219-926-8651
Bio-Rem
Butler, IN
David O. Mann
219-868-5823
Sonotech, Inc.
Atlanta, GA
BenZinn
404-894-3033
American
Combustion
Technologies
Norcross, GA
Gregory Gitman
404-564-4180
Radian
Corporation
(formerly AWD
Technologies,
Inc.)
Walnut Creek, CA
David Bluestein
415-227-0822
Pintail Systems,
Inc.
Aurora, CO
Leslie Thompson
303-367-8443
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
, Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Completed
1992
Completed
1992
Completed
Completed
1993
Completed
1995
Completed
1988
Completed
1990
Completed
B-2
-------
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION SITES - BY SITE STATE (continued)
State
California
(continued)
Demonstration
Location
Clear Lake, CA
Clear Lake, CA
Edwards AFB, CA
(Region 9)
Fresno, CA
Selma Site
(Region 9)
Fresno, CA
SelmaSite
(Region 9)
Fullerton, CA
McColl Superfund
Site
(Region 9)
Huntington Beach,
CA
Rainbow Disposal
(Region 9)
Jackson, CA
Pintail Systems, Inc.
(Region 9)
• Technology
Chemical
Stabilization of
.Mercury Mining
Wastes
Chemical
Stabilization of
Mercury Mining
Wastes
CAV-OX
Oxidation
Process
?
Entrained-Bed
iGasfication
'Silicate
Compounds by
Solidification/
Stabilizatioin
•Excavation and
Foam
Suppression of
Volatiles
Steam Injection/
Vacuum
Extraction
(SFVE)
;
Biological
Stabilization of
Arsenic in Soils
Contact
Sevenson, W.C.
Munster, IN
Steve Chisick
219-836-0116
E&C Williams
Summerville, SC
Charlie Williams
84-821-4200
Magnum Water
Technology
El Segundo, CA
Dale Cox
310-640-7000
Texaco, Inc.
S. El Monte, CA
John Wintor
310-908-7387
STC Omega
(formerly Silicate
Technology
Corporation)
Scottsdale, AZ
Steve Pegler
602-948-7100
U.S. EPA
Region 9
San Francisco, CA
Jon Blevins
415-744-2400
Hughes
Environmental
Manhattan Beach,
CA
(No longer a
vendor for SIVE)
Paul De Percin
U.S. EPA
513-569-7797
Pintail Systems,
Lac.
Aurora, CO
Leslie Thompson
303-367-8443
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Exited
Completed
2001
Completed
1993
Completed
1994
Completed
1990
Completed
1990
Completed
1993
Completed
2000
B-3
-------
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION SITES - BY SITE STATE (continued)
State
California
(continued)
Demonstration
Location
Livermore, CA
Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory
(LLNL)
(Region 9)
Livermore, CA
LLNL
(Region 9)
March AFB.CA
(Region 9)
Port Hueneme, CA
Naval Facilities
Engineering Service
Center
(Region 9)
Redding, CA
Iron Mountain
Superfund Site
Sacramento, CA
McClellanAFB
(Region 9)
Sacramento, CA
McClellan'AFB
(Region 9)
San Diego, CA
Technology
Chemical
Oxidation
Perox-Pure
In-situ Enhanced
Extraction
In well Air
Stripping
Solvated Electron
Treatment of
Chlorinated
Organics
Precipitation,
Microfiltration,
Sludge
Dewatering
Photolytic
Destruction for
SVE Off-gases
Groundwater
Extraction
Circulating Bed
Cumbuster
Contact
Calgon Carbon
Oxidation
Technologies
(formerly
Peroxidatibn
Systems, Inc.
Pittsburgh, PA
Bertrand Dussert
412-787-6681
Berkley
Environmental
Restoration
(formerly Udell
Technologies,
Inc.)
Emeryville, CA
Kent Udell
510-653-9477
Roy Weston
Woodland Hills,
CA
JefFBannon
818-971-4900
Commodore
Environmental
Columbus, OH
Neil Dronby
614-297-0365
EPOC Water, Inc.
Fresno, CA
Scott Jackson
209-291-8144
Process
Technologies, Inc.
Boise, ID
Michael Swan
208-385-0900
Xerox Two Phase
Extraction
Webster, NY
Ron Hess
716-422-3694
General Atomics
(formerlt Ogden
Environmental
Services)
San Diego, CA
Robert Goforth
619-455-2499
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Completed
1995
Completed
1993
Completed
1994
Completed
1996
Completed
1993
Exited
Completed
1995
Completed
1989
B-4
-------
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION SITES - BY SITE STATE (continued)
State
California
(continued)
Demonstration
Location
San Diego, CA
Naval Air Station
North Island (NASNI)
(Region 9)
San Diego, CA
NASNI Site 9
(Region 9)
San Francisco, CA
Westin Hotel
(Region 9)
San Jose, CA
Lorentz Barrel and
Drum Site
(Region 9)
San Pedro, CA
Annex Terminal
(Region 9)
Santa Barbara, CA
Santa Marie Health
Care Services (USX
Site) .
(Region 9)
South El Monte, CA
(Region 9)
Technology
In Well Vapor
Stripping of
Ground Water
Cross-flow
Pervaporation
System for
Removal of
VOCs from
Groundwater
GIS/KEY
Software for HW
Site
Data
Management
Ultraviolet
Ozone Treatment
for Liquids
In-situ Steam/
Air Stripping
Soil Washing/
Geological
Treatment
Gasification
Process
Contact
MACTEC
Environmental,
.Inc.
Pittsburgh, PA
Mark McGlathery
800-444-6221
Zenon
Environmental,
Inc.
Burlington,
Ontario, Canada
Phil Canning
905-639-6320
GIS Solutions,
Inc.
Concord, CA
Garry Reid
510-827-5400
US Filter
(formerly Ultrox
International, Inc)
Santa Ana, CA
John Lowry
412-772-1247
Novaterra, Inc.
(formerly Toxic
Treatment, Inc.)
Torrance, CA
Phil La Mori
310-328-9433
BioGenesis
Enterprises
(formerly
Bio Versa! USA)
Fairfax Station,
VA
Charles Wilde
703-250-3442
Mohsen Amiran
708-827-0024
Texaco Syngas,
Inc.
White Plains, NY
John Winter
316-251-4000
ext. 536
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Completed
1999
Completed
1995
Completed
1993
Completed
Completed
1989
Completed
1992
Completed
1994
B-5
-------
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION SITES - BY SITE STATE (continued)
State
Colorado
Demonstration
Location
Clear Creek, CO
Burleigh Tunnel
(Region 8)
Denver, CO
Rocky Plate
(Region 8)
Denver, CO
DOE Rocky Flats
(Region 8)
Denver, CO
(Region 8)
Denver, CO
(RegionS)
Denver, CO
(Region 8)
Denver, CO
(RegionS)
Denver, CO
(Region 8)
Technology
Wetland-Based
Treatment for
Mineral Mine
Drainage
CoHdid Polishing
Method
Core Barrel Soil
Sampler
Dual Tube Liner
Soil Sampler
Electrocba-
gulation
EMELUX Soil
Gas Survey
System
Gore-Scrubber
Passive Soil Gas
Sampler
JMC
Environmentalist's:
Subsoil Pwbe
Contact
Colorado
Department of
.Health
Denver, CO
Jim Lewis
303-692-3390
Filter Flow
Technology
League City, TX
Tod Johnson
713-334-6080
Simulprobe
Technologies, Inc.
CA
Richard Laton
415-883-8787
Art's
Manufacturing and
Supply
American Falls,
ID
Brian Anderson
800-635-7330
General
Envirorirnentat
Inc. (formerly
Hydrologies, Inc.)
Englewood, CO
Carl Dalrymple
303-761-6960
Quadrel Services,
Inc.
MD
Bruce Tucker
Paul Henning
301-874-5510
W. L. Gore and
Associates, Inc.
Elkton,MD ,
Ray
Fenstermacher
410-392-7600
Clements
Associates, Inc.
IA
Jim Clements
515-792-8285
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration
Monitoring and
Measurement
Monitoring and
Measurement
Demonstration
i
Monitoring and
Measurement
Monitoring arid
Measurement
Monitoring and
Measurement
Status
Completed
1999
Completed
1992
Completed
Completed
Completed
1995
Completed
Completed
Completed
B-6
-------
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION SITES - BY SITE STATE (continued)
State
Colorado
(continued)
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Demonstration
Location
Denver, CO
(Region 8) .
Rocky Flats, CO
(Region?) •
.Rocky Mountain.
Arsenal, CO
(Region 8)
Rocky Mountain
Arsenal, CO
(Region 8)
Summitville,, CO
(Regions)
Roosevelt Mills
Vernon, CT
Dover, DE
(Region. 3) & -
Elgin, JL ,
(Region 5)
Brandon, FL
Peak Oil Superfund
Site
(Region 4)
Cape Canveral, FL .
Technology
Large Bore Soil
Sampler
In-situ Reactive
Barrier
5
Biological
Treatment, HRC ,
ofOrganics
In-Situ Thermal
!
Multiple
Innovative
Passive mine
Drainage
Technologies
Permanganate/
Persulfate
Oxidation
Treatment for
PCE
Matcon Modified
Asphalt Cap
Infrared
Incinerator .
Dynamic
Underground
Stripping of TCE
Contact
Geoprobe Systems
Salina, KS
Wesley McCall
Tom Omli
800-436-7762
EnviroMetal
Technologies, Inc.
Guelph, Ontario
John Vogan
519-S24-0432
Regenesis CA
Stephen
Koenigsberg
949-366-8000
Terra-Therm LLC
Ralph Baker
978-343-0300
Region 8 and Sate
of Colorado
Victor
KLettellapper
303-312-6578
George Hoag
860-486-2781
Wilder
Construction
Co., WA ,
W. Randall Garrett
800-484-9404
Grupo Italimprese
(EcovaEuropa)
(formerly
ECOVA)
Rome, Italy
John Cioffi
206-883-1900
Integrated Water
Resources, Inc.
805-565-0996
Program
Monitoring and
Measurement
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
E
Demonstration
i
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Completed
Completed
2000
Ongoing
Ongoing
Completed
2001
Ongoing
Completed
2001
Completed
1987
Ongoing
B-7
-------
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION SITES - BY SITE STATE (continued)
State
?lorida
[continued)
Georgia
Hawaii
Demonstration
Location
Hialeah, FL
General Electric
Service Shop
Pensacola, FL
American Creosote
Works
(Region 4)
Pensacola, FL
Escanbia Wood
Preserving Site
(Region 4)
Petroleum Products
Corporation
Miami, FL
Chickamuga, GA and
Hopkinsville, GA
(Region 4)
Warner Robins, GA
Robins AEB
(Region 4)
Pearl Harbor, ffl
(Region 9)
Pearl Harbor, HI
Naval Facility
(Region 9)
Pearl Harbor, HE
Naval Facility
(Region 9)
Technology
In-situ
Solidification/
Stabilization
Filtration
Soil Washing
Oleofilter
Debris Washing
System'
Stabilization of
Organics
PCB/Metals
Extraction from
Porous Surfaces
Electrokinetics
Electrokinetic
Flushing &
Surfactant
Flushing
Contact
Geo^Con, Inc.
Monroville, PA
Linda Ward
Robert Hay den
412-856-7700
SBP
Technologies, Inc.
Baton Rouge, LA
Clayton Page
504-755-7711
U.S. EPA Mobile
Volume Reduction
Unit
Cincinnati, OH
Richard Griffith
908-321-6629
North American
Technologies
Aprotek
San Ramon, CA
Catiuyn Wmberly
916-366-6185
U.S. EPA
NRMRL
Cincinnati, OH
Mike Taylor
512-782-4700
WASTECH, Inc.
Oak Ridge, TN
Benjamin Peacock
615-483-6515
EET Inc.
Bellaire, TX
Tim Tarrillion
713-662-0727
Geokinetics
CA
Steven
Clark
510-704-2940
• Geokinetics and
Duke Engineering
TX
Steven Clark
510-704-2940
Harry Linnemeyer
512-425-2000
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Completed
1988
Completed
1992
Completed
1992
Completed
Completed
1990
Completed
1991
Completed
1997
Completed
2000
Completed
1999
B-8
-------
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION SITES - BY SITE STATE (continued)
State
Hawaii
(continued)
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Demonstration
Location
Pearl Harbor, HI
Naval Facility
(Region 9
Pearl Harbor, HI
Naval Facility
(Region 9
Aberjona River
INEEL Lab
Chicago, IL
(Region 4)
Elgin, EL
(Region 5) &
Dover, DE
(Regions)
Waukegan Harbor, IL
(Region 5)
Gary, IN
Indiana Harbour
(Region 5)
Albert City, IA
(Region 7)
Technology
Set Process for
PCBs in Soil
Closed Loop
Lead Recovery
Sediment Core
Sampler
Phytoremediation ,'
i
i
Hydraulic
Fracturing
Matcon Modified
Asphalt Cap
Thermal
Desorption
Solvent
Extraction
Core Barrel Soil
Sampler
Contact
Commodore
Advanced
Sciences, Inc.
Albuquerque, NM
Mark Jones
505-872-6803
Geokinetics CA
Stephen Clark
510-704-2940
Aquatic Research
ID
Will Young
(208) 768-2222
Argonne National
Laboratory
West Idaho Fall,
ID
Scott Lee
(208) 533-7829
U.S. EPA/
NRMRL
Cincinnati, OH
William Slack
513-469-6040
Wilder
Construction
Co.,WA
W. Randall Garrett
800-484-9404
SoilTech, ATP
Systems Inc.
Porter, BSF .
Joe Hutton
219-926-8651
Ionics/Resources
Conservation, Co.
Bellevue, WA
BillHines
206-828-2400
Simulprobe
Technologies, Inc.
CA
Richard Laton
415-883-8787
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration
Monitoring and
Measurements
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Monitoring and
Measurement
Status
Completed
2000
Ongoing
Completed
Ongoing
Completed
1992
Completed
2001
Completed
1992
Completed
1992
Completed
B-9
-------
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION SITES - BY SITE STATE (continued)
State
Iowa (continued)
Kansas
Kentucky
Demonstration
Location
Albert City, IA
(Region 7)
Albert City, IA
(Region 7)
Albert City, IA
(Region 7)
Albert City, IA
(Region 7)
Albert City, IA
(Region 7)
Benidena,KS
(Region?)
Paducah, KY
Gaseous Diflustion
Plant
(Region 4)
DOE- Paducah, KY
Technology
Dual Tube Liner
Soil Sampler
EMFLUX Soil
Gas Survey
System
Gore-Scrubber
Passive Soil Gas
Sampler
JMC
Environmentalist's
Subsoil Probe
Large Bore Soil
Sampler
Biological
Denitrification
In-situ
Electroosmosis
of TCE in Soil/
Groundwaters
"Lasagna"
Process
Oxidation and
Vitrification
Process
Contact
Art's
Manufacturing and
Supply
American Falls,
ID
Brian Anderson
800-635-7330
Quadrel Services,
Inc.
MD
Bruce Tucker
Paul Henning
301-874-5510
W. L. Gore and
Associates, Inc.
Elkton,MD
Ray
Fenstermacher
410-392-7600
Clements
Associates, Inc.
IA
Jim Clements
515-792-8285
Geoprobe Systems
Salina,KS
Wesley McCall
Tom Omli
800-436-7762
Eco Mat, Inc.
Hayward, CA
Kim Bailey '
510-783-5885
Monsanto/Dupont
OH
Thomas
Holdsworth
513-569-7675
Vortec
Corporation
Collegeville, PA
James Hnat
610-489-2255
Program
Monitoring and
Measurement
Monitoring and
Measurement
Monitoring and
Measurement
Monitoring and
Measurement
Monitoring and
Measurement
Demonstration
i
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Completed
Completed
Completed
Completed
Completed
Completed
2000
Completed
1998
Ongoing
B-10
-------
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION SITES - BY SITE STATE (continued)
State
Louisiana
Maine
Massachusetts
Demonstration
Location
Fort Polk, LA
(Region 6)
Lak& Charles, LA
LoringAFB
Caribou, ME
(Region I)
Boston, MA
(Region 1)
Boston, MA
(Region I)
Grafton, MA
(Region 1)
Groveland, MA
Groveland Wells
Superfund Site •
New Bedford, MA
(Region I)
New Bedford, MA
(Region 1)
Technology
Electrokinetic
Extraction
Evaporation and
Chemical
Oxidation
In-situ Thermal
(Steam Injection)
AMS Split Core
Sampler
Russian Peat
Borer
Anerobic-aerotic
Bioremediation
In-situ Vacuum
Extraction
Batch Organics
Extraction Unit
Solvent
Extraction
Contact
Electrokinetics,
Inc.
Baton Rouge, LA
Elif Acar
504-388-3992
Wheelbrator Clean
Air Systems
(formerly
Chemical "Waste
Management)
Schaumburg, EL
Bob Hernquist
708-706-6900
Steam Tech
Environmental
Services
Bakersfield, CA
Hank Sowers
661-322-6478
Art's
Manufacturing and
Supply
ID
Brian Anderson
800-635-7330
Aquatic Research
Instruments-
ID
Will Young
208-768-2222
Harding-Lawson
Enginners, MA
Willard Murray
781-245-6606
Terra Vac, Inc.
San Juan, PR
James Malot
787-725-8750
CF Systems
Corporation
Arvada, CO
L. V. Benningfield
303-420-1550
CF Systems
Corporation
Arvada, CO
L. V. Benningfield
303-420-1550
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Monitoring and
Measurement
Monitoring and
Measurement
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration.
Demonstration
Status
Exited
Completed.
Ongoing
Completed
1999
Completed
Ongoing
Completed
Completed
Completed
1988
B-ll
-------
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION SITES - BY SITE STATE (continued)
State
Massachusetts
(continued)
Michigan
Demonstration
Location
North Dartsmouth,
MA . ;: ;,-, .
Resolve Superfund
Site
(Region 1)
Adrian, MI
Anderson
Development
(Region 5)
Bay City, MI
Bay City Municipal
Landfill
(Region 5)
Buchanan, ME
Electro-Voice
(Region 5)
Detroit, MI
(Regions)
Essexville, MI •
Saginaw Bay
Confined Disposal
Facility
(Region 5)
Grand Ledge, MI
Parsons Chemical Site
(Region 5)
Rose Township, MI
(Region 5)
Technology
Thermal "''."
Desorption
Thermal
Desorption
(physical)
Thermal Gas
Phase Reduction
Process and
Thermal
Desorption
Subsurface
Volatilization
and Ventilation
System (SWS)
Debris Washing
System
v E
Sediment Soil
Washing
In-situ
Vitrification
Infrared
Incinerator
Contact
;OHM ,;•;;;.; ;:,";::';:
Environmental , ;
: (formerly :•" ;::.
Chemical Waste ;
Management ,ilnc.)
Lombafda,IL ••.'•'. '•,':.
Dick Ay en,
803--846-2413; ; :
Roy F. Weston,
Inc.
West Chester, PA
Michael Cosmos
215-430-7423
ELI Eco Logic
International, Inc.
Rockwood,
Ontario,
Canada
Jim Nash
519-856-9591
Billings &
Associates, Inc.
Albuquerque, NM
Gale Billings
505-345-1116
U.S. EPA/
NRMRL
Cincinnati, Ohio
Donald Sanning
513-569-7444
Bergmann, USA
Gallatin, TN
George Jones
615-230-2217
Geosafe
Corporation
Richland, WA
James Hansen
509-375-0710
Grupo Italimprese
(Ecova Europa)
(formerly
ECOVA)'
Jon Cioffi
206-883-1900
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
i
Demonstration
i
Demonstration
i
i
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Completed
1992: v/':.
Completed
1992
Completed
1992
Completed
1994
Completed
1990
Completed
1992
Completed
1994
Completed
1987
B-12
-------
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION SITES i BY SITE STATE (continued)
State
Michigan
(continued) •
Minnesota
Demonstration
Location
St Joseph, MI
McGillis & Gibbs
Superfund Site
New Bridge, MN
(Region 5)
McGillis & Gibbs
Superfund Site
Hew Bridge, MN
(Region 5)
' McGillis & Gibbs
Superfund Site
New Bridge, MN
(Region 5)
Minneapolis, MN
Private Oil Refining
Company
(Region 5)
{ -•
.New Brighton, MN
Twin Cities Army
Ammunition 'Plant
(TCAAP)
(Region 5)
St. Louis Paris, MN
(Region 5)
^Technology
Submerged
Aerobic Fixed
Film Reactor
Biotreatment of
Groundwater
Soil Washing
Biological
Aqueous
Treatment
System
Soil Washing/
Biological
Treatment
!
I
1
Removal of Lead '
from Soils
!
Bioventing
(air-injection)
Contact
Allied Signal
Corporation
Des Plains, IL
Steve Lupton
708-391-3500
BioTrol, Inc.
Eden Prairie,
MN
Dennis Chilcote
612-942-8032
BioTrol, Inc.
Eden Prairie, MN
Dennis Chilcote
612-942-8032
BioTrol, Inc.
Eden Prairie,
MN '
Dennis Chilcote
612-942-8032
BioGenesis
Enterprises, Inc.
(formerly
Bio Versa! USA)
Fairfax Station,
VA
Charles Wilde
703-250-3442
Mohsea, Amiran
708-827-0024
COGNIS
TARRAMET
Goss, MO
LouMagdits
573-626-3476
U.S.
EPA/NRMRL
Cincinnati, OH
Paul McCauley
513-569-7444
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
: Status
Completed
Completed
1989
Completed
1989
Completed
1989
Completed
1992
Completed
1994
Completed
1997
B-13
-------
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION SITES - BY SITE STATE (continued)
State
Mississippi
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
Demonstration
Location
Brookhaven, MS
Brookhaven Wood
Preserving
(Region 4)
Butte, MT
Butters ilverbow Site
(Region 8)
Butte, MT
(Region.8)
Mike Horse Mine, MT
(RegionS)
St. Louis, MT
Welldon Spring
(Region?)
Hastings, NE
(Region?)
Battle Mountain, NV :
(Region 9).
Milford, NH
Savage Superfund Site
(Region 1)
Technology
Fungus
Treatment
Technology
Plasma Heat
Chemical
Stabilization of
Mercury Mining
Waste
Grouting
Technique'
Anaerobic
Biological
Destruction of
TNT in Soil
Spray Irrigation
Biodegradation
of Cyanide
Surfactant
Enanced Aquifer
Remediation
Contact
U.S.
EPA/NRMRL
USDA-Forest
Products Lab
Madison, WI
Richard Lamar
608-231-9469
Retechjlnc.
Ukialj,CA
R.C. Escheriback
707-462-6522
E&C Williams,
SC
Charlie Williams
843-821-4200 and
Keeco, WA
Amy Anderson
888-977-9156
Morrison Knudsen
Corporation
Boise» ID
Kathryn Levihn
Rick Raymond!
208-386-6115
J.R. Simplot
Company
Pocatello, ID
Tom Yergovich
209-858-2511
University of
Nebraska-
Lincoln Hasting,
NE
Ray Spalding
402-783-3931
Pintail Systems,
Inc.
Aurora, CO
Caren Caldwell
303-367-8443
U.S. DOE. Duke
Engineering
G. Michael Shook
208-526-6945
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Completed
1991
Completed
1991
Completed
2001
Completed
1996
Completed
1994
Completed
1996
Completed
1998
Completed
1999
.
B-14
-------
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION SITES - BY SITE STATE (continued)
State
New Hampshire
(continued)
New Jersey
.Demonstration
Location
Plaistow, NH
(Region 1)
Edison, NJ ,
EPA
(Region 2)
Hillsborough, NJ •
(Region 2)
Millville,NJ
Nascoilte Site "
(Region 2)
Millville,NJ-
Nascoilte.Site
(Region 2)
Morganville, NJ
Imperial Qil Co., Inc.
Site '
(Region 3)
Pedricktown, NJ
National Lead
Industries
(Region 2) '
Trenton, NJ
(Region 2)
Technology
Biodegradation
of PCB's in Soils
Solvent
Extraction
Carver-
Greenfield
Process
L
Pneumatic
Fracturing,
Extraction and
Ho;t Gas Injection
Bioreactor
Integrated with
an Ultrafiltration
Membrane
System
ZenoGem
Process
Solidification
Removal of
Dissolved Metals
Phytoextracriori
of Metal from
Soil
+
Contact
Green Mountain
Laboratories
Montpelier, VT
Adam Longee
802-223-1468
Dehydro Tech
Corporation
East'Hanover, NJ
Theodore
Trowbridge
908-904-1606
Accutech, Inc.
KeyportNJfe
New Jersey
Institute of
Technology,
Newark, NJ
John Liskowitz
508-739-6444
Zenon
Environmental,
Inc.
Burlington,
Ontario, Canada
Lisa Ashton
905-639-6320
ext.244
Zenon
Environmental,
Inc.
Burlington,
Ontario., Canada
Chris Ljpski
905-639-6320
SoliSteeh, Inc,
Houston, TX
Bill Staflworfh
713-497-8558
Dynaphore/
Forager Sponge
Richmond, VA
Norman Rainer
804-288-7109
Phy totech, Inc.
Monmouth, NJ
BurtEnsley
908-438-0900
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration .
Demonstration
Demonstration.
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Completed
2000
Completed
1991
Completed
1992
Completed
1995
Completed
Completed
1988
Completed
1994
Completed
1998
B-15
-------
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION SITES - BY SITE STATE (continued)
State
New Jersey
(continued)
New Mexico
New York
Demonstration
Location
Wayne, NJ
(Region 2)
Albuquerque, NM
(Region 6)
Brant, NY
Wide Beach
(Region 2)
BrockporVNY
Sweden-3 Chapman
Site,
(Region 2)
Niagara Falls, NY
(Region 2)
Upstate NY
(Region 2)
Technology
Ex-situ Metal-
enhanced- Abiotic
Degradation;
Electrokenitic
Extraction in
Unsaturated Soils
Thermal
Desorption
Dechlorination
Bioyault,
Bioventing
and Groundwater
Circulation
Biological
Treatment
Process
(multi-developer
project)
Cold Top
Vitrification
La-situ Metal-
enhanced Abiotic
Degradation
Contact
EnviroMetal ....
Technologies, Inc.
Guelph, Ontario, ;;
;WiUiam :.;?
Matulewicz
609-722^6700 : >
Sandia National
Laboratories,
Albuquerque, NM
Eric Lindgren
505-844-3820
SoilTech, ATP
Systems, Inc.
Porter, IN
Joe Hutton
219-926-8651
NY State
Bioremediation
andSBP
Technologies, Inc.
White Plains, NY
Clayton Page
504-755r7711
New Jersey,
Institute:of
Technology
(NJIT)
Newark, TSf J and
Geo Tech
Development
Corporation, King
of Prussia, PA
William Librizzi
201-596-5846
Thomas Tate
610-337-8515
EnviroMetal
Technologies, Inc.
Guelph, Ontario
John Vogan
519-824-0432
Program
Demonstration .
Demonstration
'
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demoristratiort
!
Demonstration
i
'
Status
Completed
1995
Completed
1999
Completed
1992
Completed
1995
Ongoing
Completed
B-16
-------
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION SITES - BY SITE STATE (continued)
State
New York •
(continued)
North Carolina
Ohio
Demonstration
Location
Utica,NY
(Region 2)
Utica,NY
Town Gas Site
(Region 2)
Morrisville, NC
Koppers Site
(Region 4)
Aliance, OH
Batcock & Wilcox
Alliance Research
Center
(Region 5)
Cincinnati, OH
EPA T&E Facility
(Region 5)
Crooksville, OH
Pintail Systems, Inc.
(Region 5)
Dayton, OH
(RegionS),
Technology
High
Temperature
Thermal
Processor
Slurry
Biodegradation
Base-Catalyzed
Destruction
(Dehalogenation)
Cyclone
Vitrification
Bioslurry Reactor
Biostabilization
oftead
Hydraulic
Fracturing
t
Contact
Maxymillian
Technologies, Inc.
(Formerly Clean
Berfcshires)
Lanesboro, MA
Jim Maxymillian
413-499-3050
Remediation
Technologies Inc.
(ReTee) (formerly
Mo Tec Inc.)
Pitsburgh, PA
David Nakles
412-826-3340
U.S. EPA/
NRMRL
Cincinnati, OH
George Huffman
513-569-7341
Environmental
Inc.
Blue Bell, PA
Yei-Shong Shieh
215-832-0700
Babcock &
Wilcox Alliance
Research Center
Alliance, OH
Lawrence Ring
216-829-7576
ECOVA
Corporation
Redmond, WA
Alan Jones
206-883-1900
Pintail Systems,
Inc.
Aurora, CO
Leslie Thompson
303-367-8443
U.S. EPA/
NRMML
Cincinnati, OH
William Slack
513-469-6040
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Completed
1993
Completed
1991
Completed
1993
Completed
1991
Completed
1991
Completed
2000
Completed
1992
B-17
-------
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION SITES - BY SITE STATE (continued)
State
Ohio (continued)
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Demonstration
Location
DOE Pernald Facility,
QH
(Region 5)
Rosevjlle/
Crooksville, OH
Roseville/
Crooksville, OH
Clackamas, OR
Portable Equipment
Co. Site
(Region 10)
Douglassville, PA
^(Region 3)
Monaca,PA
Palmerton, PA
Palmerton Zinc Pile
(RegionS)
Technology
Solvent
Extraction
Envirobond Soil
Amendment
(Stabilization)
Injection Soil
Amendment . ,
(Stabilization)
Chemical
Fixation/
Stabilization
Solidification/
Stabilization
Flame Reactor
Membrane
Microfiltration
Contact
Terra Kleen
Corporation (name
changed back
from Sevenson
Extraction
Technology, Inc.)
Del Mar, CA
Alan Cash
619-558-8762
Rocky Mountain
Remedation
Services
JimBarthel
303-215-6620
Star Organics
Phil Clarke
214-522-0742
Advanced
Remediation
Mixing, Inc.
(formerly Chemfix
Technologies,
Inc.)
Metarie, LA
Sam Pizzitola
504-461-0466
Hazcott and
Funderburkfe
Associates)
Apollo Beach, FL
RayFunderburk
813-645-9620
Horsehead
Resource
Development Co.,
Inc.
Regis Zagrocki
610-826-8810
E.I. DuPpnt
DelSFemours &
Company
Newark, DE
Oberlin Filter
Company
Waukesha, WI
Ernest Mayer
302-774-2277
Program
Demonstration
!'
1.
Demonstration
i
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
i
.Demonstration
i
Status
Completed
1997
Completed
Completed
Completed
1989
Completed
1987;
Completed
Completed
1990
B-18
-------
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION SITES - BY SITE STATE (continued)
State
Pennsylvania
(continued)
Rhode Island
South Carolina
Tennessee
Texas
Demonstration
Location
Stroudsburg, PA
(Region 3)
!.
Central Landfill,
RI
(Region I)
N. Smithfield, RI
(Region 1),
Savannah River Site,
SC
(Region 4) •
Oak Ridge, TN
(Region 4)
Oak Ridge, TN
DOE Oak Ridge
Facility
(Region 4)
Fort Worth, TX
Cars-well AFB
(Region 6)
Goldthwaite, TX
Lower Colorado River
Authority Electrical
Substation
Technology
Contained
Recovery of Oil
Wastes
Reverse
Osmosis: Disc-
Tube Module
Technology
AIRE
Photo catalytic
Technology for
Air Streams
High Energy •
Irradiation for
Destruction of
Organics in
Aqueous
Solutions and
Sludge
Photo catalytic
Aqueous Phase
Organics
Destruction
Matrix
Freeze Barrier
!
Ehytoremediation
qf TCE in
Groundwater
liCcrobial
Degradation/
Solvant
Extraction
Contact
:rWesteni ; Research
Institute
Laramie, WY
James Speight
307-721-2011
ROCHEM
Separations, Inc.
Torrence, CA
David LaMonica
310-370-3160
KSE, Inc.
Amhurst, MA
James Kittrell
413-549-5506
High Voltage
Environmental
Application, Inc.
Florida
and International
University .Miami,
FL
William Cooper ,
910-962-3450
Matrix, Inc.
London, ON
Robert Henderson
519-660-8669
Arctic
Foundations
Anchorage, AK
Ed Yarmak
907-562-2741
ASC/EMR
Wright Patterson
AFB
Dayto% Ohio
Greg Harvey
513-255-7716
Envirogen, Inc.
Lawrenceville, NJ
Ronald Unterman
609-936-9300
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Completed
1997
Completed
1994
Completed
1999
Completed
1994
Completed
1995
Completed
1998
Completed
1998
Completed
2000-
B-19
-------
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION SITES - BY SITE STATE (continued)
State
Texas
(continued)
Utah
Virginia
Demonstration
Location
Goldthwaite, XX
(Region 6)
San Antonio, TX
Kelly AFB
(Region 6) •
San Antonio, TX
Kelly AFB
(Region 6)
San Antonio, TX
Kelly AFB .
(Region 6)
Hill AFB, UT
(Region 8)
Midvale Slag, UT
Ogden, UT
Chevron Transfer
Facility
(Region 8) .
Roanoke, VA
ITT Night Vision
Facility
(Region 3)
Technology
Microbial
Degradation of
PCBs
Hot Air Injection
Radio-
firequency
Heating
Radio-
frequency
Heating
Steam Injection/
Vacuum
Extraction
Molecular
Bonding System
Phytoremediation
of Petroleum in
Soil and
Groundwater
Enhanced In-situ
Bioremediation
of Chlorinated
Compounds
Contact
MicrorBACInt.,
TX
512-310-9000
X-19 Biological
Products, CA
408-970-9485
Hrubetz
Bvironmental
Services, Inc.
Dallas, TX
Michael or
Barbara Hrubetz
214-363-7833
nTRI/NUS
ETRl-Chicago, IL
and Haliburton/
MUS
Oak Ridge, TN
Clifford Blaftchard
615-483-9900
KAI/HNUS
Oak Ridge, TN
CliffBlanchard
615-483-9900
Praxis
Environmental
Services
San Francisco, CA.
Dr. Lloyd Steward
415-641-9044
Solucorp
Saddleback, NJ
Robert Kuhn
914-623-2333
Phytokinetics, Inc.
Logan, UT
AriFerro
801-750-0985
ITT Industries
Roanoke, VA
Rosann
Kryczkowski
540-362-7356
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration:
i
Demonstration
Demonstration
i
Demonstration
Demonstration -
Status
Ongoing
Completed
1993
Completed
1994
Completed
1994
Completed
1997
Completed
Completed
1999
Completed
1999
B-20
-------
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION SITES - BY SITE STATE (continued)
State
Washington
Wisconsin
Various locations
in U.S.
Demonstration
Location
Ellensburg, WA
(Region 10)
Whatcom Waterway
Bellingham, WA
Rldgefield, WA
(Region 10)
Fox River, WI
(Region 5) '
Green Bay, WT
(Region 5)
Green Bay, WI
(Region 5)
Sparta, WI
U.S. DOD
Fort McCoy
(Region 5)
Jones Island CDF
Milwaukee, WI
(Region 5)
10 sites around the
nation
Technology
Anaerobic
Biological
Destruction of
Dinoseb in Soil
Electrochemical
Geooxidation
Steam Enhanced
Remediation
Thermal
Sediment Reuse
Technology
AMS Split Core
Sampler
Russian Peat
Borer
MAECTITE®
Treatment
Process
Phytoremediation
Alternate Cover
Assessment
Program (ACAP) '
Contact
J. R. Simplot
Company
Pocatello, ID
Tom Yergovich
209-858-2511
Weiss Associates
Joe Lovenitti
Steam Tech
Environmental
Services
Bakersfield, OA
Hank Sowers
661-322-6478
Minergy, WI
Terry Carroll
920-727-1411
Art's
Manufacturing and
Supply
ED
Brian Anderson
800-635-7330
Aquatic Research
Instruments
ID
Will Young
208-768-2222
Sevenson
Environmental
Services, Inc.
Munster, TN
Chuck McPJheeters
219-836-0116
Army Corps of
Engineers
(Vicksburg, MS
and Detroit MI)
U.S. EPA
NRMRL
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration ;
Monitoring and
Measurement
Monitoring and
-Measurement
Demonstration:
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Completed
July
1993
Ongoing
Ongoing
Completed
2001
Completed
1999
Completed
Completed ,
2000
Ongoing
Completed
2001
B-21
-------
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION SITES - BY SITE STATE (continued)
State
Canada
Demonstration
Location
Toronto, Canada
Toronto Port
Industrial Division
Trenton, Ontario
Domtar Wood
Preserving Site
Technology
Treatment Train
for Contaminated
Soils
Bioremediation
Contact
Toronto .Harbor
Commissioners
Toronto, Canada :
Dennis Lang
416-863-2047
GRACE
Bioremediation
Technologies
Mississauga,
Ontario, Canada
Alan Seech
905-272-7480
Program
Demonstration
! Demonstration
•
Status
Completed
1992
Completed
1994
B-22
.
-------
Appendix C
ELECTRONIC TECHNICAL INFORMATION RESOURCES
C-l
-------
CONTENTS
Section Page
REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES L : D-3
Electronic Information Sources D-3
Innovative Remediation Technologies: Field-Sectors Demonstration Projects in North America, Second
Edition and Database D-3
Hazardous Waste Clean-Up Information (CLU-IN) Home Page D-3
Innovative Treatment Technologies: Annual Status Report (Tenth Edition) EPA 542/R-01-004 .. D-3
EPA Technologies (EPAREACHIT) ; : D-3
Site Remediation Technology Infobase ' D-3
Cost and Performance Catalog of Case Studies ; D-4
Remediation Technologies Screening Matrix and Reference Guide, Version 3.0 D-4
TechDirect | D-4
Programs, Partnerships, And Organizations ' : D-4
EPA Library Network Program D-4
Federal Remediation Technologies Roundtable (FRTR) D-4
Ground-Water Remediation Technologies Analysis Center (GWRTAC) D-4
Office of Research and Development (ORD) D-4
Remediation Technologies Development Forum (RTDF) ' D-5
Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE) Demonstration Program D-5
Interstate Technology and Regulatory Council (ITRC)
Technology Innovation Office (TTO) .• D-5
SITE CHARACTERIZATION TECHNOLOGIES ; D-5
Electronic Sources of Information : D-5
EPA, National Exposure Research Laboratory - Hazardous Waste
Site Characterization (on CD-ROM) (EPA 600-C-96-001) D-5
Field Sampling and Analysis Technologies Matrix ; D-6
TechDirect ; D-6
Programs, Partnerships, and Organizations D-6
Consortium for Site Characterization and Technology (CSCT) | D-6
Environmental Technology Verification Program D-6
EPA Library Network Program D-6
Office of Research and Development (ORD) D-6
Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE) Demonstration Program D-7
Technology Innovation Office (TIO) : D-7
C-2
-------
EPA Sources of Information on
Innovative Remediation and Site Characterization Technologies
Listed below are U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sources of information on Innovative Remediation
and Site Characterization Technologies. Sources of information include: electronic information sources in the form of
.databases or Internet sites, as well as programs, partnerships and organizations accessible on the Internet.
REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES
Electronic Information Sources
Innovative Remediation Technologies: Field-Scale
Demonstration Projects in North America, Second
Edition and Database. The searchable database contains
information about 600 completed innovative technology
field demonstration projects in North America. The
purpose of the database is to consolidate key information
from innovative demonstration projects into a single source
and present that information in a format that enables the
user to easily identify innovative technologies that may be
appropriate to the user's particular site remediation needs.
The database, which is limited to completed demonstration
projects and a small number of full-scale cleanup efforts,
does not include emerging technologies or laboratory-scale
projects. A summary report, EPA 542-BOO/004 of the.
same name is available from EPA's National Service
Center for Environmental Publications or accessed free of
. charge from the CLU-IN Internet site at .
Hazardous Waste Clean-Up Information (CLU-IN)
Home Page. CLU-IN is a streamlined source of
information about innovative remediation and site
characterization technologies for hazardous waste cleanup
professionals. It provides access to information about
programs, organizations, publications, and other tools for
EPA and other Federal and State personnel, consulting
engineers, technology developers and venders, remediation
contractors, researchers, community groups, and individual
citizens. Access to various pools of information is
presented in the form of downloadable publications and
databases. Sources of additional information on the
Internet also are presented through a series of links. CLU-
IN is sponsored by EPA's Technology Innovation Office
(TIO). For additional information about the CLU-IN home
page, call (301) 589-5318. CLU-IN can be accessed
through the Internet at . {
Innovative Treatment Technologies: Annual Status
Report (Tenth Edition) EPA/542/R-01/004 This report
contains information about remedies selected at
contaminated waste sites. The sites include Superfund
remedial and removal sites and some non-Superfund sites
being remediated by the U.S. Department of Energy
(DOE), the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), or under
the RCRA corrective action program. The EPA REACfflT
online system (see description) includes such site-specific
data as contaminants and media treated, project status, and
site contact. If you have questions or comments about the
system, please call EPA's TIO at (301) 589-5318. The report
can be downloaded free of charge from the CLU-IN Internet
site at . To obtain a copy of the
report, call EPA's National Service Center for Environmental
Publications at (800) 490-9198 or (513) 489-8190.
EPA Remediation and Characterization Innovative
Technologies (EPA REACH IT). EPA REACH IT,
sponsored by EPA's Technology Innovation Office, is a new
system that lets environmental professionals use the power of
the Internet to search, view, download, and print information
about innovative remediation and characterization
technologies. EPA REACH IT provides information about
more than 650 service providers that offer almost 1,300
remediation technologies and more than 180 characterization
technologies. EPA REACH IT combines information from
three established EPA databases, the Vendor Information
System for Innovative Treatment Technologies (VISITT), the
Vendor Field Analytical and Characterization Technologies
System (Vendor FACTS), and the Innovative Treatment
Technologies (ITT), to give users access to comprehensive
information about treatment and characterization
technologies and their applications. It combines information
submitted by technology service providers about remediation
and characterization technologies with information from
EPA, the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), the U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE), and state project managers
about sites at which innovative technologies are being
deployed. EPA REACH IT can be accessed through the
Internet at . It is best viewed
using Netscape Navigator or Microsoft Internet Explorer,
version 4.0 or higher.
Site Remediation Technology Infobase. The Site
Remediation Technology Infobase was founded by EPA and
prepared for the federal agencies participating in the Federal
Remediation Technologies Roundtable. It provides
information on federal cleanup programs; federal site
remediation technology development assistance programs,
and databases; federal electronic resources for site
remediation; other electronic resources for site remediation
technology information; a bibliography of selected federal
publications on alternative and innovative site remediation
technologies; technology survey reports; and technology
program contacts for DOD, DOE, and EPA. It can be
accessed through the Internet at:
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.
Cost and Performance Catalog of Case Studies. The
Cost and Performance Catalog of Case Studies is a joint
effort of Federal Remediation Technologies Roundtable
members to publish case study reports on full- and
demonstration-scale remediation projects. As of June
2002, member agencies of the Roundtable have completed
313 cost and performance case study reports. The reports
(March 1995-June 2002) can be accessed by the Cost and
Performance Case Studies Search:
.
Remediation Technologies Screening Matrix and
Reference Guide, Version 3.0. The Remediation
Technologies Screening Matrix and Reference Guide,
Version 3.0, prepared for federal agencies participating on
the Federal Remediation Technology Roundtable (FRTR),
provides a "yellow pages" of remediation technologies
information. The guide is intended to assist'remedial
project managers (RPM) to screen and evaluate candidate
cleanup technologies and select the best remedial
alternative(s) for contaminated installations, facilities, or
waste sites. The guide also assists environmental
professionals in gathering essential descriptive information
on the respective technologies. The guide incorporates
cost and performance data to the maximum extent available
and focuses primarily on demonstrated technologies.
However, information on emerging technologies also is
included in the guide. The guide can be accessed through
the Internet at .
TechDirect. TechDirect, hosted by EPA's TIO, is an
information service that highlights new publications and
events of interest to environmental professionals.
Information about site characterization and remediation
technologies is available through this Internet subscription
service. Once a month, the service distributes by electronic
mail a message describing the availability of publications
and announcements of events. For publications, the
message explains how to obtain a hard copy or how to
download an electronic version from the Internet.
Subscribe to TechDirect and view current and past versions
through the Internet at .
Programs, Partnerships, And Organizations
EPA Library Network Program. The EPA National
Library Network Program is a repository of information
from EPA's Headquarters, Regional and Field Offices,
Research Centers, and specialized laboratories throughout
the country. The Library Network provides access to its
collection through the On-line Library System (OLS), a
menu-driven database of the library's holdings. The OLS
provides users with the ability to perform online searches
by author, title, or keyword. The EPA National Library
Network Program can be accessed through the Internet at
.
Federal Remediation Technologies Roundtable (FRTR).
FRTR is an interagency working group that provides a forum
for the exchange of information regarding the development
and demonstration of innovative technologies for the
remediation of hazardous waste sites. The forum also
synthesizes the technical knowledge that Federal Agencies
have compiled and provides a more comprehensive record of
performance and cost of the technologies. Participating
agencies include DoD, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers,
the U.S. Navy, the U.S. Air Force, DOE, the U.S. Department
of the Interior, and EPA. FRTR can be accessed through the
Internet at .
Ground-Water Remediation, Technologies Analysis
Center (GWRTAC). GWRTAC was established through a
cooperative agreement between the National Environmental
Technology Applications Center (NETAC) of the Center for
Hazardous Materials Research (CHMR) and EPA. The goal
of GWRTAC is to compile, analyze, and disseminate
information about innovative ground-water remediation
technologies to industry, the research community,
contractors, government, investors, and the public. The
center currently is compiling information to be included in
databases of interactive case studies and vendor information
that will be available on the GWRTAC Internet site.
GWRTAC can be accessed through the Internet at
.
Office of Research and Development (ORD) is the
scientific and technological arm of EPA. Comprised of three
headquarters offices, three national research laboratories and .
two national centers, ORD is organized around, a basic
strategy of risk assessment and risk assessment management
to remediate environmental and human health problems.
ORD focuses on the advancement of basic peer-reviewed
' scientific research and the implementation of cost-effective,
common sense technology. Fundamental to ORD's mission
is a partnership with the academic scientific community
through extramural research grants and fellowships to help
develop the sound environmental research necessary to
ensure effective policy and regulatory decisions. ORD also
implements such programs as [the Superfund Innovative
Technology Evaluation (SITE:) program which focuses on
treatment technologies and EPA's Environmental Technology
Verification Program (ETV) which focuses on site
characterization technologies. ORD can be accessed through
the Internet at .
Remediation Technologies Development Forum (RTDF).
RTDF was established by EPA to foster public-private
partnerships that would conduct laboratory and applied
research to develop, test, and evaluate innovative remediation
technologies. RTDF's home page provides access to
information about various remediation technologies currently
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being designed, developed and evaluated through six active
action teams of RTDF including: the Bioremediation of
Chlorinated Solvents Consortium, the Permeable Reactive
Barriers Action Team, the Sediments Remediation Action
Team, the In-Place Inactivatioh and Natural Ecological
Restoration Technologies (IINERT) Soil-Metals Action
Team, the Phytoremediation of Organics Action Team, and
the NAPC Cleanup Alliance. RTDF can be accessed
through the Internet at .
Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE)
Demonstration Program. The SITE Demonstration
program was established by EPA's Office of Solid Waste
and Emergency Response and the Office of Research and
Development to encourage the development and
implementation of innovative treatment technologies for
the remediation of hazardous waste sites, and monitoring
and measurement. Through the program, technologies are
field-tested on hazardous waste materials and engineering
and cost data are gathered on the innovative technology so
that potential users can assess the technology's applicability
to a particular site. Data collected during the field
demonstrations are used to assess the performance of the
technology, the potential need for pre- and post-processing
of the waste, applicable types of wastes and waste!
matrices, potential operating problems, and approximate
capital and operating costs. The collected information is
then provided in a Innovative Technology Evaluation
Report, Technology Capsule, and Demonstration Bulletin.
These reports evaluate all available information on the
technology and analyze its overall applicability to other site
characteristics, waste types, and waste matrices. Testing
procedures, performance and cost data, and quality
assurance and quality standards also are presented. The
SITE Demonstration program can be accessed through the
Internet at . '
Interstate Technology and Regulatory Council (ITRC).
ITRC is a state-led coalition working together with
industry an stakeholders to achieve regulatory acceptance
of environmental technologies. ITRC consists of more
than 35 states, the District of Columbia, multiple federal
partners, industry participants, and other stakeholders,
cooperation to break down barriers and reduce compliance
costs, making it easier to use new technologies and helping
states maximize resources. Originating in 1995 from a
previous initiative by the Western Governors Association
(WGA). ITRC brings together a diverse mix of
environmental experts and stakeholders from both the
public and private sectors to broaden and deepen technical
knowledge and streamline the regulation ofnew :
environmental technologies. ITRC accomplishes its
mission in two ways: it develops guidance documents and
training courses to meet the needs of both regulators and
environmental consultants, and it works with state
representatives to ensure that ITRC products and services
have maximum impact, among state environmental jagencies.
and technology users. ITRC technical work teams develop
guidance documents and both classroom and Internet-based
training courses to meet the information needs of regulatory
staff, technology vendors, and environmental consultants.
These products help state environmental agencies gain
valuable technical knowledge and develop consistent
regulatory approaches for reviewing and approving specific
technologies. State regulators lead ITRC technical teams,
which rely on broad-based participation from federal
agencies, industry, academia, arid other stakeholders in
building collective knowledge and collaborative products.
ITRC can be accessed through the Internet at .
Technology Innovation Office (TIO). The U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) TIO,was created
in 1990 to act as an advocate for new technologies. TIO's
mission is to increase the application of innovative treatment
technologies to contaminated waste sites, soils, and
groundwater. To meet that mission, TIO has expanded its
focus from treatment technologies to include site
characterization technologies in order to improve the
remediation process. TIO has encouraged and relied on
cooperative ventures with other partners to accomplish many
of its goals. This effort to effectively use resources has led to
numerous joint efforts that have enhanced the state of both
remediation and site characterization. For additional
information about TTO, contact Jeff Heimerman of EPA's
TIO at (703) 603-7191. TIO can be accessed through the
Internet at
.
SITE CHARACTERIZATION TECHNOLOGIES
Electronic Sources of Information
EPA, National Exposure Research Laboratory -
Hazardous Waste Site Characterization (on CD-ROM)
(EPA 600-C-96-001). The Hazardous Waste Site
Characterization CD-ROM, developed by NERL's ESD-LV,
compiles guidance documents and related software to aid
environmental professionals in the complex,
multidisciplinary, characterizing of hazardous .waste sites.
The CD-ROM is a compilation of computer programs related
to EPA's RCRA and Superfund programs that can be printed,
as well as searched by key words. Using the CD-ROM
requires a personal computer with DOS Version 3.0 or
higher, 640K of Ram, and 3 MB of hard disk space. A math
co-processor is recommended but not required. The CD-
ROM can be ordered on-line through the NTIS Internet site at
.
Field Sampling and Analysis Technologies Matrix. The
Matrix, developed by participating agencies of the Federal
Remediation Technologies Roundtable (FRTR), is a matrix
and reference guide that is intended to provide users with an
understanding of the site characterization technologies
available to them and the applicability of various
technologies to their particular problem(s). The Matrix
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provides a general understanding of state-of-the-art
technologies for site characterization. The Matrix and
reference guide also enhances technology information
transfer and provides much needed comparison among
competing technologies. The Matrix can be accessed
through the Internet at .
TechDirecL TechDirect, hosted by EPA's TIO, is an
information service that highlights new publications and
events of interest to environmental professionals.
Information about site characterization and remediation
technologies are available through this Internet
subscription service. Approximately once a month, the
service distributes by electronic mail a message describing
the availability of publications and announcements of
events. For publications, the message explains how to
obtain a hard copy or how to download an electronic
version from the Internet. Subscribe to TechDirect and
view current and past versions through the Internet at
.
Programs, Partnerships, and Organizations
Consortium for Site Characterization and Technology
(CSCT). CSCT was established as one of 12 pilot projects
currently implemented by EPA's Environmental
Technology Verification (ETV) Program. The CSCT is a
partnership program among the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA), the U.S. Department of Defense
(DoD), and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) that is
responsible for evaluating and verifying the performance of
innovative site characterization technologies. The CSCT
provides support to technology developers, evaluates and
verifies data generated during demonstrations, and
develops and disseminates information about the
performance of site characterization technologies. CSCT
can be accessed through the Internet at .
Environmental Technology Verification Program* The
ETV program seeks to provide credible performance data
on environmental technologies from independent third
parties under the auspices of EPA. It verifies the
performance of innovative technical solutions to problems
that threaten human health or the environment Managed
by EPA's ORD, ETV was created to substantially
accelerate the entrance of new environmental technologies
into domestic and international marketplaces. It supplies
buyers of technologies, developers of those technologies,
consulting engineers, states, and EPA regions with high-
quality data on the performance of new technologies. ETV
expands on past verification efforts, such as those
conducted under the SITE program for remediation
technologies. ETV currently implements 10 pilot projects,
including the Consortium for Site Characterization
Technology (CSCT). The ETV
program can be accessed through the Internet at
. \
EPA Library Network Program. The EPA National
Library Network Program is a repository of information from
EPA's Headquarters, Regional and Field Offices, Research
Centers, and specialized laboratories throughout the country.
The Library Network provides access to its collection
through the On-line Library System (OLS), a menu-driven
database of the library's holdings. The OLS provides users
with the ability to perform online searches by author, title, or
keyword. The material on OLS is updated every two weeks.
The EPA National Library Network Program can be accessed
through the Internet at .
Office of Research and Development (ORD). ORD, under
the Assistant Administrator, Norine E. Noonan, Ph. D., is the
scientific and technological arrn of EPA. Comprised of three
headquarters offices, three national research laboratories and
two national centers, ORD is organized around a basic
strategy of risk assessment and risk assessment management
to remediate environmental anil human health problems.
ORD focuses on the advancement of basic peer-reviewed
scientific research and the implementation of cost-effective,
common sense technology. Fundamental to ORD's mission
is a partnership with the academic scientific community
through extramural research grants and fellowships to help
develop the sound environmental research necessary to
ensure effective policy and regulatory decisions. ORD also
implements such programs as the Superfund Innovative
Technology Evaluation (SITE) program which focuses on
treatment technologies and EPA's Environmental Technology
Verification Program (ETV) which focuses on site
characterization technologies. ORD can be accessed through
the Internet at .
Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE)
Demonstration Program. The SITE Demonstration
program was established by EPA's Office of Solid Waste and
Emergency Response and the Office of Research and
Development to encourage the development and
implementation of innovative treatment technologies for the
. remediation of hazardous waste sites, arid monitoring and
measurement. Through the program, technologies are field-
tested on hazardous waste materials and engineering and cost
data are gathered on the innovative technology st> that
potential users can assess the technology's applicability to a
particular site. Data collected'during the field demonstrations
are used to assess the performance of the technology, the
potential need for pre- and post-processing of the waste,
applicable types of wastes and waste matrices, potential
operating problems, and approximate capital and operating •
costs. The collected information, is then provided in a
Innovative Technology Evaluation Report, Technology .
Capsule, and Demonstration Bulletin. These reports evaluate
all available information on the technology and analyze its
overall applicability to other site characteristics, waste types,
and waste matrices. Testing procedures, performance and
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cost data, and quality assurance and quality standards also
are presented. The SITE Demonstration program,can,be
accessed through the Internet at. ' :
.
i
Technology Innovation Office (TIO). The U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) TIO was
created in 1990 to act as an advocate for new technologies.
TIO's mission is to increase the application of innovative
treatment technologies to contaminated waste sites, soils,
and groundwater. To meet that mission, TIO has expanded
its focus from treatment technologies to include sjte • • •
characterization technologies in order to improve the
remediation process.. TIO has encouraged and relied on
cooperative ventures with other partners to accomplish
many of its goals. This effort to effectively use resources
has led to numerous joint efforts that have enhanced the
state of both remediation and site characterization. For
additional information abdut TIO, contact Jeff Heimerman
of EPA's TIO at (703) 603-7191. TIO can be accessed
through the Internet at .
.
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Appendix D
GLOSSARY OF REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES
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This Appendix presents definitions and brief discussions of the innovative remediation
technologies mentioned in the text of this Annual SITE Report. Established/conventional
technologies (including pump and treat, stabilization, vitrification, incineration, and
excavation/disposal) are being replaced by these state-of-the-art, typically more cost-effective
technologies are also presented. j
Innovative Remediation Technologies |
BIOREMEDIATION uses microorganisms to degrade organic contaminants in either
excavated or in situ soil, sludge, and solids. The microorganisms break down contaminants by
using them as a food source or cometabolizing them with a food source. Land farming, biopiles,
composting, and slurry-phase bioremediation are examples of ex situ applications. Bioventing is
a common form of in situ bioremediation which uses extraction wells to circulate air through the
ground, sometimes also pumping air into the ground.
CHEMICAL TREATMENT, also known as chemical reduction/oxidation, typically
converts hazardous contaminants to nonhazardous or less toxic compounds that are more stable,
less mobile, or inert. The oxidizing agents most commonly used for treatment of hazardous
contaminants in soil are ozone, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorites, chlorine, chlorine dioxide,
potassium permanganate, and Fentons reagent (hydrogen peroxide and iron). Cyanide oxidation
and dechlorination are examples of chemical treatment. This method may be applied in situ or
ex situ, to soils, sludges, sediments, and other solids, and may also be applied for the in situ
treatment of groundwater.
IN SITU SOIL FLUSHING: large volumes of water, at times supplemented with
surfactants, cosolvents, or treatment compounds, are applied to the soil or injected into the
groundwater to raise the water table into the contaminated soil zone. Injected water and
treatment agents are isolated within the underlying aquifer and recovered together with flushed
contaminants. j
PHYTOREMEDIATION is a process that uses plants (roots, shoots, tissues, and leaves)
to remove, transfer, stabilize, or destroy contaminants in soil, sediment, and groundwater.
Phytoremediation applies to all biological, chemical, and physical processes that are influenced
by plants and that aid in cleanup of the contaminated substances. Plants can be used in site
remediation, both through the mineralization of toxic organic compounds and through the
accumulation and concentration of heavy metals and other inorganic compounds from soil into
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aboveground shoots. Phytoremediation may be applied in situ or ex situ, to soils, sludges,
sediments, other solids, or groundwater.
SOIL VAPOR EXTRACTION (SVE) is used to remediate the zone of soil which is
unsaturated with contaminated groundwater. A vacuum is applied to the soil to control the flow
of air and remove volatile and some semivolatile organic contaminants from the soil.
DUAL-PHASE EXTRACTION, also known as multi-phase extraction, uses a vacuum
system to remove various combinations of contaminated groundwater, separate-phase petroleum
product, and vapors from the subsurface. The system lowers the water table around the well,
exposing more of the formation. Contaminants in the newly exposed unsaturated zone are then
accessible to soil vapor extraction. Once above ground, the extracted vapors or liquid-phase
organics and ground water are separated and treated.
SOLIDIFICATION/STABILIZATION (S/S) reduces the mobility of hazardous
substances and contaminants in the environment through both physical and chemical means.
The S/S process physically binds or encloses contaminants within a stabilized mass. S/S is
performed both ex situ and in situ. Ex; situ S/S requires excavation of the material to be treated,
and the resultant material must be disposed. In situ S/S uses auger/caisson systems and injector
head systems to add binders to the contaminated soil or waste without excavation, and the
resultant material is left in place.
SOLVENT EXTRACTION uses an organic solvent as an extractant to separate organic
and metal contaminants from soil. The organic solvent is mixed with contaminated soil in an
extraction unit. The extracted solution is then passed through a separator, where the
contaminants and extractant are separated from the soil. Organically bound metals may be
extracted along with the target organic contaminants.
THERMAL DESORPTION: wastes are heated so that organic contaminants and water
volatilize. Typically, a carrier gas or Vacuum system transports the volatilized water and
organics to a gas treatment system. :
THERMALLY ENHANCED RECOVERY uses heat to increase the volatilization rate of
organics and facilitate extraction. Volatilized contaminants are typically removed from the
vadose zone using.soil vapor extraction. Specific types of these thermally enhanced recovery
techniques include Contained Recovery of Oily Waste (CROW™), radio frequency heating,
conductive heating, steam heating, in situ steam stripping, hot air injection, dynamic
underground stripping, in situ thermal desorption, and electrical resistance heating. Thermally
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enhanced recovery is usually applied to contaminated soil, but may also be applied to
groundwater.
VITRIFICATION uses an electric current to melt contaminated soil at elevated
temperatures (1,600 to 2,000°C or 2,900 to 3,650°F). Upon cooling, the vitrification product is a
chemically stable, leach-resistant, glass and crystalline material similar to obsidian or basalt
rock. The high temperature component of the process destroys or removes organic materials.
Radionuclides and heavy metals are retained within the vitrified product. Vitrification may be
conducted in situ or ex situ. ;
AIR SPARGING involves the injection of air or oxygen through a'contaminated aquifer.
Injected air traverses horizontally and vertically in channels through the soil column, creating an
underground stripper that removes volatile and semivolatile organic contaminants by
volatilization. Soil Vapor Extraction is usually implemented in conjunction with air sparging to
remove the generated vapor-phase contamination from the unsaturated zone. Oxygen added to
the contaminated groundwater and vadose-zone soils also can enhance biddegradation of
contaminants below and above the water table.
TREATMENT BARRIERS, also known as permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) or passive
treatment walls, are installed across the flow path of a contaminated groundwater plume,
allowing the water portion of the plume to flow through the wall. These barriers allow the
passage of water while prohibiting the movement of contaminants by employing agents within
the wall such as zero-valent metals, chelators, sorbents, and microbes. The contaminants are
either degraded or retained in a concentrated form by the barrier material, which may need to be
replaced periodically.
Conventional Remediation Technologies
For SOIL WASHING, contaminants are absorbed onto fine soil particle surfaces are
separated from bulk soil in a water-based system on the basis of particle size. The wash water
may be augmented with a basic leaching agent, surfactant, or chelating agent or by adjustment of
pH to help remove organics and heavy metals. Soils and wash water are mixed ex situ in a tank
or other treatment unit. The wash water and various soil fractions are usually separated using
gravity settling.
VERTICAL ENGINEERED BARRIERS (VEBs) are subsurface barriers made of an
impermeable material designed to contain or divert groundwater. VEBs can be used to contain
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contaminated groundwater, divert uncontaminated groundwater from a contaminated area, or
divert contaminated groundwater from a drinking water intake or other protected resource.
INCINERATION involves the ex situ destruction of contaminated soil, sludge, and
sediment in high temperature (1,800 - 2,200°F) combustion devices. A typical hazardous waste
incinerator, diagrammed below, consists of a rotary kiln (primary combustion chamber), an
afterburner (secondary combustion chamber), connected to an air pollution control system, all of
which are controlled and monitored.
PUMP-AND-TREAT involves removal of contaminated groundwater is from the
subsurface treatment, and discharge or reinjection, is one of the most widely used ground-water
remediation technologies. The pump and treat remediation approach is used at about three-
quarters of the Superfund sites where ground water is contaminated and at most sites where
cleanup is required by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and state laws. It is often
associated with treatment technologies such as Air Stripping and Liquid -phase Granular
Activated Charcoal. Although the effectiveness of pump and treat systems has been called into
question after two decades of use, this approach remains a necessary component of most ground-
water remediation efforts and can be appropriate for both restoration and plume containment.
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?/EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
National Risk Management
Research Laboratory
Cincinnati, OH 45268
Official Business
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