EPA/540/R-97/500
December 1996
The Superfund Innovative Technology
Evaluation Program
Annual Report to Congress
FY1995
Office of Research and Development
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, DC 20460
Printed on Recycled Paper
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Notice
This document has been reviewed in accordance with the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency policy and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does
not constitute endorsement or recommendations for use.
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Foreword
The ILS. Environmental Protection Agency is charged by Congress with protecting the Nation's
land, air, and water resources.; Under a mandate of national environmental laws, the Agency strives
to formulate and implement actions leading to a compatible balance between human activities and
the ability of the natural systems to support and nurture life. To meet these mandates, EPA's research
program is providing data and technical support for solving environmental problems today and
building a science knowledge base necessary to manage our ecological resources wisely, understand
how polluants affect our health, and prevent or reduce environmental risks in the future.
The National Risk Management Research Laboratory is the Agency's center for investigating
technological and management approaches for reducing risks from threats to human health and the
environment. The focus of the Laboratory's research program is on methods for preventing and
controlling pollution to air, land, water, and subsurface resources; protecting water quality in public
water systems; Remediating,contaminated sites and ground water; and preventing and controlling
indoor air pollution. The goal of this research effort is to catalyze development and implementation
of innovative, cost-effective environmental technologies; develop scientific and engineering
information needed by EPA to support regulatory and policy decisions; and provide technical support
and information transfer to ensure effective implementation of environmental regulations and
strategies.
This publication has been produced as part of the Laboratory's strategic long-term research plan.
It is published and made available by EPA's Office of Research and Development to assist the user
community and to link researchers with their clients.
E. Timothy Oppelt, Director
National Risk Management Research Laboratory
in
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Contents
Foreword ;. iii
Figures . vi
Tables vi
Executive Summary vii
SITE Program Overview 1
Introduction 1
Partnering for Success 1
Cost Savings ,... 3
Program Design 3
FY95 Progress and Accomplishments 6
Emerging Technology Program 6
Demonstration Program 9
Characterization and Monitoring Program 10
Technology Transfer Activities 15
Personal Contact 15
Media -. 15
Documentation 17
Future Trends .-. , 19
Program Structure....... 19
Technology Areas 19
Technology Transfer........ 20
Appendices
A - All SITE Projects; Alphabetically by State 21
B - Publications and Videotape Titles 38
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Figures
Number
1 ETP Projects by Treatment Category •• 7
2 Completed '95 Demonstration Projects by Technology Area 11
3 SITE Mailing List 16
4 SITE Documents Distributed During FY95 18
Tables
I New SITE Emerging Technology Projects Awarded in FY95 7
2 SITE Emerging Technology Projects Completed in FY95 8
3 SITE Demonstrations Projects Completed in FY95 12
4 New Technologies Accepted into Demonstration Program in FY95 14
VI
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Executive Summary
The Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE) Program was established more than nine
years ago to encourage the development and implementation of innovative treatment technologies
for hazardous waste site remediation. Development of this program was in direct response to the
legislative mandate under the 1986 Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA).
SITE is the pioneer program in testing and evaluating innovative treatment technologies. The four
components of the program are:
Emerging Technology
Demonstration
Characterization and Monitoring
Technology Transfer
The SITE Program has been responsive and successful in achieving the goals set to meet the
program mission of advancing the development and commercialization of innovative treatment
technologies. In eight years the Emerging Technology Program has completed 53 projects, invited
16 developers into the Demonstration Program, and published 40 reports. The Demonstration
Program completed 11 demonstrations in FY95. In total the program consists of 119 accepted,
ongoing, and completed technology demonstrations. During FY95 the Characterization and
Monitoring Program completed seven demonstrations and seven reports. Over a one-year period,
more than 467,000 SITE documents were distributed to industry, consulting firms, and state and
federal agencies.
Partnerships are an important part of the SITE Program success. More and more technology
demonstrations are conducted cooperatively with other federal agencies, private industry, and state
environmental agencies. The SITE Program has served as a model for environmental initiatives such
as the Rapid Commercialization Initiative (RCI) and the EPA's new Environmental Technology
Verification Program.
The SITE Program has also reported cost savings data on the usage of innovative technologies
versus standard treatment. The most significant being the savings reported in a sample of 17 Records
of Decision (RODs) from four regions using remedial technology types tested in the SITE Program.
The total cost savings for the 17 RODs was 213 million dollars. In FY96, a complete assessment of
all 10 regions using remedial technology types tested in the SITE Program is planned. The cost
savings may be substantially increased since six additional regions will be assessed and the RODs
will cover fiscal years 1992-1994 where more than half the time innovative technologies were
selected over standard remedies.
VII
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The uncertainty in the FY96 budget and the reauthorization of SARA is a programmatic
concern. With the reduction in budget, significant changes in the program design will be necessary.
The need for reliable and objective cost and performance data remains the same. This need is
expected to continue beyond the year 2000. However, program emphasis and its operation are
expected to shift to meet market and regulatory demands.
vui
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SITE Program Overview
Introduction
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) Superfund Innovative Technology Evalua-
tion (SITE) Program encourages the development
and implementation of (1) innovative treatment
technologies for hazardous waste site remediation,
and (2) characterization and monitoring technolo-
gies for evaluating the nature and extent of haz-
ardous waste site contamination.
The SITE Program was established by EPA's
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
and the Office of Research and Development
(ORD) in response to the 1986 Superfund Amend-
ments and Reauthorization Act (SARA), which
recognized a need for an "Alternative or Innova-
tive Treatment Technology Research and Demon-
stration Program." The SITE Program is adminis-
tered by ORD's National Risk Management Re-
search Laboratory, formerly the Risk Reduction
Engineering Laboratory, headquartered in Cincin-
nati, Ohio.
Partnering for Success
The success of the SITE Program can be at-
tributed to its credibility and flexibility. These
characteristics have attracted new technology de-
velopers and new partnerships. More and more
technology demonstrations are conducted coop-
eratively with other government agencies includ-
ing both states and federal agencies. One trend
that is expected to continue is the partnering of
the SITE Demonstration Program with other EPA
offices, other government agencies, private indus-
tries, and universities.
One example of such partnering is related to
the recent SITE Demonstration of the Two-Phase
Extraction Process completed this fiscal year. The
involvement of this technology with the SITE pro-
gram began three years before commencement of
this demonstration. The extraction process was
originally developed by Xerox Corporation for the
remediation of some of its hazardous waste sites.
During a SITE Demonstration of a hydraulic frac-
turing technology, a process developed jointly by
EPA's National Risk Management Research Labo-
ratory and the University of Cincinnati, the Xerox
Corporation was also extensively involved. The
hydraulic fracturing demonstration was carried out
at a Xerox site in Illinois, and the Xerox extrac-
tion technology was an integral part of the frac-
turing demonstration and subsequent site
remediation. Three years later and after further
technology development, the SITE demonstration
of the Xerox process was conducted in coopera-
tion with the Department of Defense at the
McClellan Air Force Base in Sacramento. In ad-
dition, the EPA Technology Innovation Office and
the nonprofit organization, Clean Sites, were ex-
tensively involved in this SITE Demonstration. It
is the versatility and flexibility of the SITE Dem-
onstration program that allows for this type of
synergistic partnership to form.
The SITE Program is frequently the one that
is turned to when selecting a technology for
remediation. During meetings conducted this fis-
cal year by the DOE's Innovative Treatment
Remediation Demonstration (ITRD) program, the
technologies in the SITE program were often the
ones the ITRD program focused on when choos-
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ing a process for full-scale demonstration and
remediation of radioactive waste sites and other
hazardous waste sites. For ITRD projects at the
Mound facility in Ohio and the Pinellas plant in
Florida, two technologies selected for full-scale
evaluation have participated in the SITE program.
The SITE Demonstration Program has also served
as a model for environmental initiatives such as
the Rapid Commercializtion Initiative and the
EPA's new Environmental Technology Verifica-
tion Program.
Environmental Workgroups have become
increasingly important in advancing and promot-
ing the use of innovative treatment technologies.
Historically, the use of innovative treatment tech-
nologies at contaminated sites has been impeded
because of the lack of reliable cost and perfor-
mance data. The SITE Program was the first pro-
gram designed to provide technical information
in response to these impediments and respond to
the increased demand of validated hazardous waste
treatment technologies. With expertise in the area
of environmental treatment technologies, SITE has
played a significant role as a technical resource,
advisor, and team member in developing environ-
mental workgroups and initiatives.
RCI (Rapid Commercialization Initiative) is
a part of the Administration's effort to build co-
operative interactions between the private sector,
states, and federal agencies to advance the national
environmental technology strategy and to bring
environmental technologies to market more rap-
idly and efficiently. The partnering organizations,
Environmental Protection Agency, Department of
Commerce (lead agency), Department of Energy,
Department of Defense, Southern States Energy
Board, Western Governors Association, and State
of California Environmental Protection Agency,
will work with industry participants to accelerate
the commercialization of environmental technolo-
gies. The SITE Program will participate in the veri-
fication of four remediation technologies spon-
sored by RCI.
ITRC (Interstate Technology and Regulatory
CooperationWorkgroup) focuses on improving the
acceptance and interstate deployment of innova-
tive treatment technologies by reducing associated
cost and regulatory burden. This will be accom-
plished through developing commonly accepted
standardized processes for the performance veri-
fication and permitting of innovative treatment
technologies. EPA, DOE, and DOD along with
22 state environmental agencies have pioneered a
successful partnering effort to improve the cleanup
process for contaminated toxic sites. Other par-
ticipants to the workgroup include industry, con-
sultants, public interest groups, and tribal govern-
ments. The SITE Program serves as a general
workgroup member and a technical resource in
developing verification standards for four types
of environmental technologies.
WGA DOIT ( Western Governors Associa-
tion project to Develop Onsite Innovative Tech-
nologies) was chartered in December 1992, to cre-
ate a more cooperative approach for developing
technical solutions to environmental restoration
and waste management problems shared by states,
commercial entities, and the federal government.
Participants consist of four western governors,
DOE, EPA, DOD, and DOI and two ex officio
members from Western Governors Association,
and Office of Management and Budget. The SITE
Program provided technical assistance in one of
four working groups, the Mixed Waste Working
Group. Within this working group, a SITE Pro-
gram representative chaired the Solicitation Sub-
group. In response to the concerns raised in stake-
holder and industry forums, this subgroup devel-
oped a process for soliciting, selecting, and imple-
menting field demonstrations of innovative treat-
ment technologies.
The solicitation guidance focuses on:
(1) integrating stakeholder involve-
ment throughout process
(2) attracting private industry
(3) providing enhanced regulatory co-
operation
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A model solicitation incorporating the pro-
cess guidance is being prepared, by DOE for use
in a pilot procurement to test its effectiveness.
Cost Savings
The SITE Program has,directly or indirectly
contributed to cost savings over the past several
years. The most significant being the savings re-
ported in a sample of 17 Records of Decision
(RODs dating from 1986-1993) from four regions
using remedial technology types tested in the SITE
Program. The RODs data and SITE Program bud-
get were normalized to 1986 levels using a 7%
discount rate. The 1986 date was selected since
the SITE Program was initiated in SARA 1986.
The total cost savings for the 17 RODs was 213
million dollars. The total SITE Program budget
from 1986-1995 is 92 million dollars. This mini-
mum data set estimates that the SITE Program may
have a net benefit of 121 million dollars. This is
only one part of the cost in developing and com-
mercializing these technologies.
In FY96, a complete assessment of all 10 re-
gions using remedial technology types tested in
the SITE Program is planned. The cost savings
from the four regions may be an under estimate
since six additional regions will be assessed and
the RODs will cover fiscal years 1992-1994 where
more than half the time innovative technologies
were selected over standard remedies. However,
the 17 RODs in this data set may have addressed
particularly difficult clean-up problems as the cost
savings per ROD were found to be higher, on av-
erage, than the cost per ROD in the Superfund
program overall.
Program Design
To carry out its mandate of developing and
demonstrating a variety of remediation and char-
acterization technologies, the SITE Program was
initiated with the following components:
• Demonstration Program - Conduct and
evaluate demonstrations of promising
innovative technologies to provide reliable
performance, cost, and applicability
information for site cleanup decision-
making.
• Emerging Technology Program - Provide
funding for developers to continue
research efforts from the bench- arid pilot-
scale levels to promote the development
of innovative technologies.
• Characterization and Monitoring Program
(formerly the Monitoring and Measurement
Technologies Program) — Evaluate
technologies that detect, monitor, and
measure hazardous arid toxic substances to
provide more cost-effective methods for
producing real-time data during site
characterization and remediation.
• Technology Transfer Activities -
Disseminate technical information, including
engineering, performance, and cost data to
assist in removing impediments for selection
and use of innovative and alternative
technologies.
Demonstration Program
The SITE Demonstration Program develops
reliable engineering, performance, and cost data
on innovative, alternative technologies so that
potential users can evaluate a technology's appli-
cability for a specific waste site. Demonstrations
are conducted at hazardous waste sites, such as
National Priorities List (NPL) sites, nonNPL sites,
and state sites, or under conditions that simulate
actual hazardous waste sites.
Technologies have been selected for the SITE
Demonstration Program through annual requests
for proposals. EPA reviews proposals to determine
the technologies with promise for use at hazard-
ous waste sites. Several technologies have entered
the program from current Superfund projects, in
which innovative techniques of broad interest were
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identified. In addition, several Emerging Technol-
ogy projects have moved to the Demonstration
Program. To date, 10 solicitations have been com-
pleted - SITE 001 in 1986 through SITE 010 in
1995.
The demonstration process typically consists
of five steps: (1) matching an innovative technol-
ogy with an appropriate site; (2) preparing a Dem-
onstration Plan including the test plan, sampling
and analysis plan, quality assurance project plan,
and health and safety plan; (3) performing com-
munity relations activities; (4) conducting the
demonstration (ranging in length from days to
months); and (5) documenting results in an Inno-
vative Technology Evaluation Report, a Technol-
ogy Capsule, a Demonstration Bulletin, or other
demonstration documents. Often a demonstration
videotape was prepared as well
Cooperative agreements between EPA and
the developer set forth responsibilities for conduct-
ing the demonstration and evaluating the technol-
ogy. Developers are responsible for operating their
innovative systems at a selected site and are ex-
pected to pay the costs to transport equipment to
the site, operate the equipment onsite during the
demonstration, and remove the equipment from
the site. EPA is responsible for overall project plan-
ning, waste collection and post-treatment (if
needed), sampling and analysis, quality assurance
and quality control, evaluating and interpreting the
data, preparing reports, and disseminating infor-
mation.
Demonstration data are used to assess the
technology's performance, the potential need for
pre- and post-processing of the waste, applicable
types of wastes and media, potential operating
problems, and the approximate capital and oper-
ating costs. Demonstration data can also provide
insight into long-term operating and maintenance
costs and long-term risks.
Emerging Technology Program
The Emerging Technology Program (ETP)
has provided an opportunity to research and de-
velop technologies at bench- and pilot-scale lev-
els. The goal has been to promote and support the
development of alternative technologies for field
applications at Superfund site remediations.
Technologies were solicited yearly for the
ETP through requests for preproposals. After a
technical review of the preproposals, selected can-
didates were invited to submit a Cooperative
Agreement Application and detailed project pro-
posal for full technical review. The Cooperative
Agreement between EPA and the technology de-
veloper required cost sharing, and projects were
considered for either a 1- or 2-year developmen-
tal effort with awards of up to $150,000 per year.
Second-year funding depended on achieving sig-
nificant progress during the first year. After the
second year, and significant developmental
progress, emerging technologies were considered
for the SITE Demonstration Program.
To enable EPA to accept additional technolo-
gies into the Emerging Technology Program, In-
teragency Agreements were made between EPA
and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and
the U.S. Air Force (USAF). DOE helped fund 21
projects, and USAF helped fund eight projects.
Eight solicitations were issued from Novem-
ber 1987 (E01) through July 1994 (EOS). Since
EPA has planned to eliminate the Emerging Pro-
gram in FY96, and since funding for SITE was
reduced in FY95 as well, the program will be com-
pleted with the EOS solicitation. First-round
preproposals only will be received from the FY95
solicitation.
Characterization and Monitoring Program
The Characterization and Monitoring Pro-
gram (CaMP), formerly the Monitoring and Mea-
surement Technologies Program, accelerates the
development, demonstration, and use of innova-
tive monitoring, measurement, and characteriza-
tion technologies at Superfund sites. These tech-
nologies are used to assess the nature and extent
of contamination and evaluate the progress and
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effectiveness of remedial actions. The CaMP
places high priority on technologies that provide
cost-effective, faster, and safer methods than con-
ventional technologies for producing real-time or
near-real-time data.
The CaMP is interested in new or modified
technologies that can detect, monitor, and mea-
sure hazardous and toxic substances in surface soil
and sediment, subsurface saturated and vadose
zones, air, biological tissues, wastes, and water,
as well as technologies that characterize the physi-
cal properties of sites. Technologies of interest
include chemical sensors for in situ measurements;
ground-water sampling devices; soil and core sam-
pling devices; soil gas sampling devices; fluid sam-
pling devices for the vadose zone; in situ and field-
portable analytical methods; and other systems that
support field sampling or data acquisition and
analysis.
The identification of candidate technologies
is ongoing; therefore, technology developers are
encouraged to submit new and updated informa-
tion at any time. This information is reviewed,
cataloged, and incorporated into a technology
matrix, from which EPA makes a preliminary de-
termination of possible candidates for participa-
tion.
Technology Transfer Activities
Technology transfer activities assure that technical
information on innovative technologies in the
Demonstration Program, Emerging Technology
Program, and CaMP is disseminated through
various routes. These activities increase the
awareness and promote the use of innovative
technologies for assessment and remediation at
Superfund sites. The goal of technology transfer
is to promote communication among individuals
requiring up-to-date technical information.
The Technology Transfer Program reaches
the environmental community through many me-
dia, including:
• Program-specific regional, state, and
industry brochures
• On-site Visitors' Days during SITE
demonstrations
• Demonstration videotapes
• Project-specific fact sheets to comply with
site community relations plans
• Innovative Technology Evaluation
Reports, Demonstration Bulletins,
Technology Capsules, and Project
Summaries
• The SITE Exhibit, displayed nationwide
and internationally at conferences
• Networking through forums, associations,
regions, and states
• Technical assistance to regions, states, and
remediation cleanup contractors
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FY95 Progress and Accomplishments
Emerging Technology Program
The SITE Emerging Technology Program
(ETP) provides an opportunity to cost-share with
the private sector to research and develop new or
improved existing technologies and processes. The
program provides the opportunity to move a tech-
nology forward to field demonstration and subse-
quent commercialization. The process is accom-
plished through competitively awarded coopera-
tive agreements with each vendor.
The effort to combine the financial and in-
tellectual resources of the government and the pri-
vate sector to address Superfund related cleanup
goals has been the primary direction of the SITE
ETP since its inception in 1987. ETP has 77 co-
operative agreements between EPA and the pri-
vate sector. Five of these were initiated in FY95.
One of the primary goals of the ETP is to
support the development of innovative technolo-
gies for commercialization. The ETP has com-
pleted 53 technology development projects. Six-
teen of these have been invited into the demon-
stration program while others have gone directly
from the ETP to commercialization. Figure 1
shows the total number of completed and ongo-
ing projects by treatment category.
Through participation and review, ETP has
established a framework for coordinating research
efforts among EPA regions, other government
agencies, industry, academia, and the scientific
community. The growth of the program from seven
projects in 1987 to 77 projects in 1995 was made
possible by the participation and funding provided
by various federal agencies. ETP entered into in-
teragency agreements with DOE and the USAF
Force to assist in the research and development of
innovative technologies of mutual interest. Since
1980, DOE has cofunded 21 projects with appli-
cability to their environmental restoration and
waste management activities. The USAF has
cofunded eight projects.
The solicitation of 1995 discussed the need
for technologies that address the primary need of
EPA regional offices and other government agen-
cies. The technologies include in situ treatment
processes; low-cost methods to treat large volumes
of hazardous waste contaminated soil with rela-
tively low contaminant concentration levels; treat-
ment of solids containing organic and/or inorganic
constituents, heavy metals, or radioactive contami-
nants; biological technologies for soils and slud-
ges capable of treating organic, inorganic, or ra-
dioactive contamination; and combination of unit
operations to create treatment trains for specific
wastes.
In FY95 the program received 110
preproposals. This is the largest number of
preproposals received in response to an ETP so-
licitation in the programs history. Based on the
review of all preproposals, 14 applicants were in-
vite'd to •submit cooperative agreement applica-
tions. The program funds an average of approxi-
mately nine projects per year. Since 1987, the pro-
gram has received approximately 3,900 requests
for preproposals and has reviewed approximately
950 preproposals.
In April 1995, the ETP selected five technolo-
gies from the 1994 solicitation. These technolo-
gies are described in Table 1. Because the pro-
gram is restricted to a two-year funding limit, the
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Materials Solidification/ Thermal Chemical Physical Biological
Handling Stabilization
[ Completed | | Ongoing
Figure 1. ETP projects by treatment category.
Table 1. New SITE Emerging Technology Projects Awarded in FY95
State
GO
. UT
LA
MA
Wl
Developer
Pintail Systems,
Inc.
Phytokinetics,
Inc.
Electrokinetics
Inc.
KSE, Inc.
University of
Wisconsin
Technology Description ,
Uses bioremediation processes for in situ biomineralization
(stabilization) of heavy metals in mine wastes. Can treat
both aqueous and soil-based wastes.
, Use of plants for reclamation of contaminated soils.
Organic waste contaminant levels are reduced more
rapidly in planted soils than in implanted soils.
An in situ electrokinetic remediation technology that
stimulates and sustains in situ bioremediation for
treatment of organics and heavy metals. This causes
ionic nutrients to move towards the zones of
bioremediation thus enhancing degradation.
Combines adsorption and chemical reaction to treat air
streams containing dilute concentrations of volatile
organic compounds. The catalyst formulation makes this
more economical and efficient than competitive
technologies. :
A photoelectrocatalytic technology that treats organics in
ground water. This technology provides a solution to the
observed inefficiency of photocatalytic technologies for
groundwater treatment.
Treatment
Category
, Biological
Biological
Biological
Chemical
Chemical
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Table 2. SITE Emerging Technology Projects Completed in FY95
State Developer Technology Description
CA
CA
TN
WA
PA
NJ
PA
TN
CA
CA
NY
Cognis, Inc.
Groundwater
Technology
Government
Services
International
Technologies
Corp.
Remediation
Technologies
Inc.
Center for
Hazardous
Materials
Research
M. L Energia,
Inc.
Roy F.Weston
International
Technologies
Corp.
NRT/General
Energy and
Environmental
Research
Corp.
State
University of
New York
The technology treats soil, sediments, and other media
contaminated with metals and organics. Metals are
removed by a chemical leaching process, and organics
are removed by bioremediation.
This technology adds strains of naturally occurring fungus to
pesticide-contaminated soil. Soils are treated in a below-grade
active aeration bioremediation cell. Tests demonstrated
successful removal of chlordane and heptachlor.
Uses slurry reactors to successfully treat polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils. Soils from coal gasification sites,
wood treating facilities, petrochemical facilities, and coke plants
are typically contaminated with PAHs.
This treatment technology uses aerobic cometabolic organisms in
fixed film biological reactors to treat gases contaminated with
volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons.
This technology simultaneously destroys organics and stabilizes
metals in liquids, soils, sludges. Organics react with elemental
sulfur to form an inert residue and hydrogen sulfide gas. Metals
are converted to sulfides, which are rendered less leachable. Pilot-
scale testing showed that tetrachlorethene, trichloroethene, and
PCBs are among the organics destroyed.
The reductive photo-dechlorination (RPD) treatment uses
ultraviolet (UV) light in a reducing atmosphere and at moderate
temperatures to treat waste streams containing chlorinated
hydrocarbons. A SITE demonstration is scheduled, after which the
technology will be available for commercialization.
Regenerable adsorption system that treats ground water
contaminated with hazardous organics. The technology has been
invited into the demonstration program.
This mixed waste treatment process separates these contaminants
into distinct organic and inorganic phases. The separated streams
can then be further minimized, recycled, or destroyed. Individual
components of the treatment processes have been demonstrated
on various wastes from the Department of Energy, Department of
Defense, and commercial sites.
This technology separates particulates in a high temperature gas
flow for removal of fine dust and fly ash. Applications include
removal of gasborne solids during thermal treatment of
semivolatile organics, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).
The reactor filter system (RFS) technology controls gaseous and
entrained particulate matter emissions generated from the
treatment of soils, sludges, and sediments. A pilot-scale system
was demonstrated during the two-year Emerging Technology
Program.
This technology treats sediments contaminated with
PCBs and other chlorinated organics. Results show PCB
destruction of more than 90% in a 48-hour period.
Treatment
Category
Biological
Biological
Biological
Biological
Chemical
Chemical
Physical
Physical
Physical
Thermal
Physical
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ETP prefers to accept technologies that show
promise of being able to move into the field upon
completion. The maximum funding levels are
$150,000 per year, $300,000 for two years, and
the developer must contribute at least 5% of the
total project cost.
At the end of the first year, EPA reviews each
project to determine whether the progress made
warrants funding the second year. At the comple-
tion of each project (FY95 completions are shown
in Table 2), the performance of the technology is
documented in a final report and/or journal article,
as well as an emerging technology summary and
bulletin. In FY95, 13 documents were published
on ETP projects.
Demonstration Program
The SITE Demonstration Program evaluates
and verifies the performance and cost of innova-
tive treatment technologies for hazardous waste.
The goal of the Demonstration Program is to en-
courage commercialization and utilization of in-
novative treatment technologies that are better,
faster, or more cost effective than available treat-
ment technologies. Historically, the use of inno-
vative technologies for remediation of hazardous
waste sites has not been widespread. This is largely
because these technologies do not have a long track
record of performance compared to conventional
technologies. Performance and costs are not well
known, consequently environmental remediation
managers are more likely to choose a technology
that is familiar. The SITE Demonstration Program
sought to remove these types of barriers by pro-
viding an unbiased evaluation of innovative tech-
nologies.
SITE Demonstrations are conducted on haz-
ardous waste sites, such as those on the National
Priorities List (NPL), at nonNPL sites, or under
simulated hazardous waste site conditions at de-
veloper or federal test and evaluation facilities.
Once a demonstration site has been estab-
lished, the SITE Demonstration process typically
consists of four steps: (1) preparing a test, sam-
pling, and analysis plan; a quality assurance
project plan; and a health and safety plan; (2) per-
forming community relations activities; (3) con-
ducting the demonstration (ranging from days to
months); (4) documenting results in an Engineer-
ing Capsule and an Innovative Technology Evalu-
ation Report.
A cooperative arrangement between EPA
and the developer generally sets forth responsi-
bilities for conducting the demonstration. These
responsibilities may vary when multiple parties
are apart of the cooperative arrangement. Respon-
sibilities for a simple arrangement between the
developers and EPA are as follows:
Developer
Systems operation
Equipment transportation
Equipment set-up
Equipment removal
Equipment
decontamination
Project planning
Sampling and analysis
Quality control/
Quality Assurance
Waste disposal
Report preparation/
dissemination
The most important product from a technol-
ogy demonstration is the credible data collected
during the demonstration. Rigorous quality assur-
ance of sampling and data analysis is required for
all SITE demonstrations. This requirement does
make the demonstration a more involved process,
but it is this same requirement that has made the
SITE evaluations highly credible. The evaluation
of the technology and the data provide EPA re-
gions, site owners, consulting firms and other tech-
nology users with both quantitative and qualita-
tive information on the following:
• technology performance
• potential need for waste pre- and post-pro-
cessing
• applicable waste and media types
• potential operating problems and
approximate capital and operating costs
-------
Technology evaluations can also provide in-
sight into long-term operating and maintenance
costs and long-term risks.
The Demonstration Program, as of Septem-
ber 30, 1995, included 119 accepted, ongoing, and
completed technologies. These technologies are
presented alphabetically in Appendix A accord-
ing to the state in which the developer's business
is located.
During FY95, 11 new innovative technolo-
gies were evaluated in the field. More and more
technologies are entering the program through
public/private partnerships, and an increase in the
number of technology demonstrations through
similar partnerships could be expected in FY96
The number of technologies evaluated in a
particular treatment category vary from year to
year. Each year in the annual SITE Demonstra-
tion solicitation technologies of interest and prob-
lem areas are listed. For the past several years the
material handling and solidification/stabilization
areas have not been emphasized. This is reflected
in the completed projects for FY95 (Figure 2).
More emphasis has been placed on the physical/
chemical and biological categories.
The completed demonstrations for FY94 are
summarized in Table 3.
Seven new technologies were accepted into
the Demonstration Program in FY95. The new
participants are listed and the technologies sum-
marized in Table 4. The number of new technolo-
gies is lower than in past years due to anticipated
budgetary constraints in fiscal years 1995 and
1996, plus the need to complete ongoing SITE
demonstrations.
Characterization and Monitoring
The SITE Characterization and Monitoring
Program demonstrates and verifies the perfor-
mance of innovative field analytical technologies.
Effective monitoring and measurement technolo-
gies can be used to assess the nature or extent of
contamination at a hazardous waste site; to deter-
mine the degree of compliance of a procedure or
process; to provide data to determine the risk to
human health and the environment; to monitor the
effectiveness of a remediation technology; and to
determine that a site cleanup process has suc-
ceeded. The primary objectives of this portion of
the SITE program are:
• to test existing field analytical technolo-
gies that enhance monitoring and site char-
acterization capabilities
to identify the attributes of new technolo-
gies to address field characterization and
monitoring problem in a more cost-effec-
tive and efficient manner
• to prepare protocols, guidelines, and meth-
ods that enhance the acceptance of these
technologies for routine use
The goal of the program is to accelerate the
acceptance and use of those field characterization
and monitoring technologies that have the poten-
tial to provide more cost-effective, faster, safer or
better means to detect or monitor contaminants at
a hazardous waste site. These technologies can also
include geophysical and remote sensing tech-
niques that have been used to describe the physi-
cal characteristics of a site. Candidate technolo-
gies may come from within the federal govern-
ment but are primarily derived from the private
sector. Through this program, developers are given
the opportunity to demonstrate their technologies'
performance under rigorous field conditions. The
results of the study are compiled and a report sum-
marizing the findings is prepared by the EPA. The
distribution of the report may enhance market ac-
ceptance or define new applications for the tech-
nology. This program is administered by ORD'S
National Exposure Research Laboratory at the
Characterization Research Division in Las Vegas,
NV. The technologies demonstrated under the pro-
gram are listed in Appendix A.
10
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Thermal
Materials
Handling
Solidification/
Stabilization
Physical/
Chemical
Biological
Figure 2. Completed '95 demonstration projects by technology area.
During FY95, the program tested the use of
a guidance manual for preparing demonstration
plans. This document provided all participants
with a clearer understanding of their roles and re-
sponsibilities. The emphasis on better planning
allowed for more consistent technical reviews and
streamlined the approval process. The demonstra-
tion also included a Visitor's Day, which allowed
a variety of interested parties an opportunity to
view the technology and participate in the pro-
gram. There was an increased emphasis towards
involving EPA regional and program office per-
sonnel in the planning and demonstration. This
partnership will enhance acceptance and visibil-
ity of the technology. This broad exposure ben-
efited both the program as well as the developer.
In an era of diminishing resources, more effective
ways of planning and reporting these technology
demonstrations will be essential.
During FY95, seven technical evaluation re-
ports were written, peer reviewed, and published.
Three of these reports involved technologies as-
sociated with the analysis of polychlorinated bi-
phenyl (PCB) in environmental soil and water
samples. These were Clor-N-Soil (Dexsil Corpo-.
ration); Envio Gard (Millipore); the Field Analyti-
cal Screening Method which was developed by
Region 7 for the Superfimd Program. The pen-
tachlorophenol (PCP) immunoassay report in-
cluded an evaluation of these test kits:
(1) The Penta RISC Test System developed
by Ensys
(2) The Penta RaPID Assay developed by
Oshmicron
(3) The Enviro Gard (PCP) Test Kit developed
by Millipore
These demonstrations were conducted at the
Koppers Wood Treatment site in Morrisville, NC.
An indirect color metric method for the determi-
nation of PCP in soil, the Hanly Environmental
test kit, was included along with the immunoas-
say tests.
The final two reports completed in FY95 in-
volved the use of a laser-induced fluorescence
detector incorporated into a cone penetrometer.
11
-------
Table 3. SITE Demonstration Projects Completed in FY 1995
Location Developer
Technology
Site
Location
Treatment
Category
CO
Hydrologies,
Inc.
The CURE®-Electrocoagulation (CURE®) system removes
ionic metal species and other charged particles from water.
Toxic metal ions, held in solution by electrical charges, are
precipitated out by this process. The CURE® system is also
effective at breaking oily emulsions and removing suspended
solids. The system improves upon previous electrocoagula-
tion methods through a unique geometrical configuration.
The demonstration was conducted at the DOE Rocky Flats
Facility.
Denver, CO
Physical/
Chemical
CT
SBP
Technologies
In this process, an in situ Unterdruck-Verdampfer-Brunnen
(UVB) vertical ground-water circulation well is combined
with an in situ bioreactor to treat contaminated soil and
ground water. Volatile organic compounds that are stripped
into the air phase by the UVB are treated biologically with
the bioreactor.The demonstration occurred at the Sweden-
3 Chapman site in Sweden, NY.
Sweden, NY
Biological
FL
High Voltage
Environmental
Application,
Inc.
This process uses high-energy electrons to irradiate water
to produce a large number of very reactive chemical species,
including the aqueous electron (e-), the hydrogen radical
H., and the hydroxyl radical (OH-). These short-lived inter-
mediates break down organic contaminants in aqueous
wastes. This process can effectively treat more than 100
common organic compounds in aqueous systems. The
process was demonstrated at the DOE's Savannah River
site in Aiken, SC.
Savannah
River
Aiken, SC
Physical/
Chemical
GA
Sonotech
Inc.
Sonotech, Inc., has developed a frequency-tunable pulse
combustion system designed to improve batch- and
continuous-mode combustion or thermal processes such
as incinerators by creating large-amplitude, resonant
pulsations inside the incinerator. This technology can be
applied to new or existing combustion systems. The ERA'S
Incineration Research Facility, Jefferson, AR, was the site
of the demonstration.
Jefferson, AR
Thermal
NY
Xerox Two
Phase
Extraction
The two-phase extraction process is an alternative to
conventional pump-and-treat technologies, particularly
in low conductivity formations such as silts and clays
that are contaminated with volatile organic compounds
(VOCs).The process consists of applying a high-vacuum
source to a well to extract a mixed vapor/liquid column.
This process increases removal rates and volatilizes and
extracts contaminants from the sorbed or free product
phases. Vacuum lift of water is not a limiting factor. The
demonstration occurred at the McClellan Air Force Base
in Sacramento, CA.
Sacramento
CA
Physical/
Chemical
(continued)
12
-------
Tabled. Continued
Location
Developer
Technology
Location
Category
PA
RE Wright
Environmental
In this bioventing technology, a series of extraction and
injection wells are used to amend the soil environment,
creating optimum growth conditions for the indigenous
bacteria. Anhydrous ammonia and methane are injected
into the subsurface in order to stimulate the growth of
microorganisms that have enzymatic capabilities to degrade
chlorinated solvents through a cometabolic process. This
process can treat both chlorinated and nonchlorinated VOCs.
The demonstration occurred at the Sweden-3 Chapman site
in Sweden, NY.
Sweden, NY
Biological
TX
ENSR
Engineering
The ENSR/Larsen Biovault system treats soils biologically, in
a prepared above-ground vault. This technology can treat
soil contaminated with chlorinated and nonchlorinated VOCs.
The demonstration occurred at the Sweden-3 Chapman site
in Sweden, NY.
Sweden, NY
Biological
Canada
EnvironMetal
Technologies,
Inc.
This technology degrades dissolved halogenated organic
compounds in ground water using a reactive metal (iron).
The permeable bed or wall contains specially prepared
granular iron. As the water passes through the wall, the
halogenated organics are degraded, preventing
contaminants from migrating further downstream. This
process was demonstrated at an industrial facility in New
Jersey.
Wayne, NJ
Physical/
Chemical
Canada
Matrix
This photocatalytic oxidation system efficiently destroys
dissolved organic contaminants from water in a continuous
flow process at ambient temperatures. This process was
demonstrated at the DOE Oak Ridge Reservation at the
K-25site.
Oak Ridge,
TN
Physical/
Chemical
Canada
Zenon
Environmental
The ZenoGem™ Process integrates biological treatment
with membrane-based ultrafiltration. This system treats high
strength wastes at long sludge retention time but short
hydraulic residence time. As a result, the bioreactor's size
is significantly reduced. Membrane filtration reduces the
turbidity of the treated waste to less than 1 NTU.The process
was demonstrated at the Nascolite Superfund site in Millville,
NJ.
Millville, NJ
Biological
Canada
Zenon
Environmental
The ZENON cross-flow pervaporation technology is a
membrane^based process that removes VOCs from aqueous
matrices. The technology uses an organophilic membrane
made of nonporous silicone rubber, which is permeable to
organic compounds but highly resistant to degradation. The
organics diffuse through the membrane by a vacuum and are
removed. A full-scale SITE demonstration took place in
February 1995 at Naval Air Station North Island in San Diego
CA.
San Diego,
CA
Physical/
Chemical
13
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Table 4. New Technologies Accepted into Demonstration Program in FY95
Location Developer
Technology
Treatment
Category
CA
BCIA/ital
Concepts
This in situ technology uses Electro-Vectoring® to treat contamination of
hydrocarbons and some heavy metals.The technology can be used to
inoculate sludges, low permeability soils, and groundwater with microbes,
enzymes, and electrolytes for the purpose of bioremediation. It can also
be used to remove heavy metals from soil and groundwater.
Physical/
Chemical
CA
Environmental
3iotechnological
Inc.
This technology uses microbiological populations of fungi and bacteria to
treat soil and sediment contaminated with coal tar wastes (PAHs) from
MGP sites. Since each contaminated soil system is unique, the company
has developed a relatively rapid method to screen for a group of organisms
with the desired traits and degradation capabilities for a specific soil. One
of several appropriate organisms can then be selected for a development
program.
Biological
IL
Recycling
Sciences,
Inc.
Recycling Sciences, Inc., has developed a mobile desorption and vapor
extraction system (DAVES) that uses a low-temperature fluidized bed to
remove organic and volatile inorganic compounds from soils, sediments,
and sludges. The volatile compounds that are desorbed are treated with a
series of unit operations to further reduce waste volume. This system can
treat materials with 85% solids at a rate of 10.5 tons per hour.
Thermal
NJ
New Jersey
Institute of
Technology
The process, known as cold top vitrification, uses high temperature to
vitrify solid wastes into a glass like material. To ensure high strength of the
end product, the molten vitrified waste is slowly cooled in graphite molds.
Applicable wastes include incinerator ash, fly ash, asbestos containing
material, and soil contaminated with heavy metals.
Thermal
NJ
Solucorp
Industries
Solucorp has developed the Molecular Bonding System (MBS), which
is a patented process that stabilizes heavy metals in soil, sludge, or ash.
The process renders leachable metal ions inert by bonding them to form
new, nonleachable molecules. The MBS is a mobile, cost-effective, and
permanent technology that can quickly treat large volumes of waste
onsite.
Stabilization
PA
EG&G
EG&G Environmental, Inc., has developed the patented NoVOCs™ in-well
stripping technology for the in situ removal of volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) from ground water. NoVOCs™ combines the concept of an air-
lift pump with in-well vapor stripping to remove VOCs from ground water
without the need to remove, discharge, or reinject a wastewater stream.
The process can also be adapted to remove both VOCs and soluble metals
from ground water. ; .
Physical/
Chemical
TX
Orison
Corp.
Orison has developed the ERG accelerated bioremediation process (ERG
process) that involves introducing microbes into soil to metabolize organic
contaminants, thereby degrading them into fatty acids, carbon dioxide, and
water. The process typically takes 90 to 120 days to complete. The ERG
process uses three proprietary products for the bioremediation of soil
contaminated with crude oil to condition the soil and enhance the activity
of the microorganisms that degrade petroleum hydrocarbons.
Biologicaj
14
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This technology is used for the detection of petro-
leum hydrocarbons in the subsurface. The devel-
opers were:
(1) the Rapid Optical Screen Tool (ROST)
from Unisys Corporation
(2) the Site .Characterization Analysis Pen-
etrometer System (SCAPS) from the De-
partment of Defense tri-services. This
demonstration was conducted at three sites
in the Midwest, Atlantic, IA; Fort Riley,
KS; and York, NE
One field demonstration occurred in FY95,
involving the test of seven field Portable X-Ray
fluorescence (FP-XRF) systems. This technology
can be used to provide rapid, real-time analysis of
toxic metals in the soil. The commercial systems
evaluated during this demonstration were:
(1) MAP Spectrum Analyzer for Scietec Cor-
poration
(2) The XL Spectrum Analyzer from Nitron
Corporation
(3) The TN 9000 and
(4) The TN Lead Analyzer from TN Spectrace
(5) The SEFA-P analyzer from HNV Systems
(6) The X-MET 920-P analyzer
(7) The X-MET 920-MP analyzer from
Metorex
These technologies were tested at sites in
Tacoma, WA and Davenport, IA. The reports from
these demonstrations will be produced in FY96.
Technology Transfer Activities
The focus of technology transfer activities
within the SITE Program is on information dis-
semination. This includes general programmatic
and individual project-specific technical informa-
tion. Information is communicated through a va-
riety of mechanisms designed to target a wide user
community. Requesters of SITE Program infor-
mation, as expected, are primarily consulting
firms, industry and other federal agencies (Figure
3). Requests from consulting firms have dramati-
cally increased. During FY93, consulting firms
represented 37% of the requests; by FY95 con-
sulting firms represented 49%. Industry response
has remained the same. Communication to these
groups can be broken into three broad categories
as follows:
Personal Contact
Personal communication is an important
piece of the technology transfer activities. While
electronic and published materials are effective
tools, personal interactions are a necessary part of
the overall communication approach. This type of
contact is essential in communicating to local com-
munities, state regulators, and other stakeholder
groups during planning and field activities.
The SITE Program directly reaches the en-
vironmental community through:
Onsite Visitor's Days
Technical Forums
Interagency Task Forces
Environmental Workgroups
Meetings and Conferences
Media
Videos
Each field demonstration is videotaped dur-
ing technology mobilization or installation and
operation. Many of the individual videos are
composited for presentations and exhibition
shows. These tapes can be ordered as listed in
Appendix B.
Databases
ATTIC (Alternative Treatment Technology
Information System) provides up-to-date informa-
tion on innovative treatment technologies to clean
up hazardous waste sites. It provides access to
several independent databases and is a mechanism
for retrieving full-text documents of key literature.
15
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Public Interest
Grps 2%
Universities
9%
Other
6%
State/Local Gov't
13%
Federal Agencies
4%
USEPA
3%
Industry
14%
Consulting Firms
49%
Figure 3. SITE mailing list (total number on mailing list is 4,130).
It can be accessed with a personal computer and
modem 24 hours a day, and there is no user fee.
The dail up number is 513-569-7610. The phone
support (voice) line is 513-569-7272. ATTIC can
also be reached via Telnet and FTP at
.
ATTIC provides "one-stop shopping" for in-
formation on alternative treatment options. It pro-
vides access to:
Treatment Technology Database - Contains
abstracts from the literature on all types of
treatment technologies, including biological,
chemical, physical, and thermal methods.
The best literature as viewed by experts is
highlighted.
Treatability Study Database -
Provides performance information on tech-
nologies to remove contaminants from
wastewater and soils. It is derived from treat-
ability studies. This database is available
through ATTIC or separately as a disk that
can be mailed.
Underground Storage Tank Database - Pre-
sents information on underground storage
tank corrective actions, surface spills, emer-
gency response, and remedial actions.
Oil/Chemical Spill Database -
Provides abstracts on treatment and disposal
of spilled oil and chemicals.
Vendor Information System for Innovative
Treatment Technologies
The EPA's Technology Innovation Office, of
the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Re-
sponse, released in September 1996 the fifth ver-
sion of a database for innovative technologies for
treating soil and ground water contaminated by
hazardous and petroleum waste. Called Vendor
Information System for Innovative Treatment
Technologies (VISITT), the system provides up-
to-date information to the hazardous waste site
managers and others on the availability, perfor-
mance, and cost effectiveness of certain innova-
tive technologies. Information contained in the
database is provided by technology vendors and
is not verified by the Agency.
16
-------
Version 5.0 lists 210 vendors covering 346
technologies that are grouped in 16 technology
types (e.g., bioremediation, thermal desorption,
soil washing, etc.). A large number of technolo-
gies can or have the potential to treat more than
one contaminant group; as a result, the user can
browse through 401 technologies for treating vola-
tile organic compounds: 391 for semivolatile or-
ganic compounds, and 142 for metals, including
radioactive wastes. VISITT can be downloaded
from "http://www.clu-in.com" at no charge.
Vendor Field Analytical and Characterization
Technologies System
Version 1.0 of the Vendor Field Analytical
and Characterization Technologies System (Ven-
dor FACTS) database is now available to hazard-
ous waste site managers to screen the latest field
portable technologies to detect, analyze, or moni-
tor contaminants in the air, soil, and ground wa-
ter. As in VISITT, information contained in the
database is provided by technology vendors and
is not verified by the Agency.
Technologies listed in Version 1.0 are
grouped in four technology categories: analytical,
geophysical, sampling, and extraction. This ver-
sion has 66 vendors and 93 technologies. Version
2.0, to be released in January 1997, will have ap-
proximately 85 vendors and 129 technologies.
Vendor FACTS can be downloaded from "http://
www.clu-in.com" at no charge.
Documentation
Timely and credible technical information on
specific technologies is valuable to technology
users. The number of reports requested by the
environmental community increases each year.
Hundreds of thousands of reports are requested
consistently each year (Figure 4).
Technology-specific reports provide informa-
tion as quickly as possible to technology users.
One-page briefs and summaries are produced ini-
tially, followed by detailed reports, which include
technical and economic information. Journal ar-
ticles, fact sheets, and brochures balance techni-
cal information with supporting programmatic
information.
Products resulting from SITE Program ac-
tivities are available in several formats and can be
obtained as follows:
Printed copies while in stock are available
free of charge and can be ordered from EPA's
Center for Environmental Research Information
(CERI) by phone: 513-569-7562 and fax: 513-
569-7566. When documents are no longer avail-
able from EPA, they can be ordered for a fee from
the National Technical Information Service: 703-
487-4650. Refer to document number or title when
placing orders.
Worldwide document distribution is provided
via ORD's Home Page on Internet and ORD's
Electronic Bulletin Board System (ORDBBS).
Electronic versions are downloadable at (accessible February
1997) and Telnet at and via
modem on the BBS, 513-569-7610 and 7700.
17
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to
3
c
to
fc
D)
.$=
to
s
Application
Reports
Summaries
Bulletins
Profiles
Figure 4. SITE documents distributed during FY95.
18
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Future Trends
Operation of the SITE Program in FY96 is
uncertain with regard to budget and reauthoriza-
tion of the Superfund legislation. The need for the
demonstration and evaluation of innovative tech-
nologies for hazardous waste remediation, moni-
toring, and ecosystem restoration is expected to
continue into the year 2000 and beyond. Credible
test and evaluation of innovative technologies will
become increasingly important in the larger
scheme of restoring contaminated ecosystems. The
emphasis of the program and its operation is shift-
ing to meet market and regulatory needs. The SITE
Program course will be defined by the most press-
ing environmental problems that present the great-
est risk to human health and the environment.
Program Structure
With the expected reduction in environmen-
tal budgets, the program is wrestling with the con-
cept of reducing depth and coverage at a field
evaluation to reduce costs without sacrificing data
quality, objectiveness, or relevance to the user
community. An internal review of the SITE Pro-
gram indicates that operational shifts are warranted
to incorporate more resource leveraging, to re-
spond to market demand rather than technology
push, and to emphasize cost-effectiveness of tech-
nologies. The Emerging Technology Program will
terminate as current projects are completed.
Clearly, the program must remain flexible if
it is to continue to respond to the evolving needs
of stakeholder groups including technology users
and developers, the regulatory community, public
interest groups, and residents. Continued and
stronger relationships with other federal agencies
and state environmental programs will be essen-
tial in the continued success of the SITE Program.
Technology Areas
For FY96-98, SITE will continue support for
in situ technologies designed to treat contaminated
ground water and soils. In situ technologies are
faced with complications in the variability in soil
chemistry and physics, geology, hydrology,
weather conditions, and contaminant mixtures.
The use of these technologies on hazardous waste
is based on experience and an understanding of
the environmental parameters surrounding their
use. Understanding the scientific basis and use of
in situ technologies is difficult and must be opti-
mized for our environment's heterogeneity. Tech-
nology buyers and users need collated data and
engineering information on technologies designed
to treat the subsurface.
Areas of primary interest will continue in
ground-water treatment, treatment technologies
for metals in soils and combinations of metals and
organics in soils; in situ and ex situ treatment for
mixed, low-level radioactive waste in soils and
ground water; in situ and onsite bioremediation
processes for contaminated soil containing com-
pounds that are resistant to biodegradation (e.g.,
TCE and PCBs); combined methods for improved
delivery and recovery along with in situ
remediation operations and chemical conversion
methodologies.
19
-------
Technology Transfer
The SITE reports have been and continue to
be a valuable resource to the technology user com-
munity. Modifications to these reports may be
necessary as the program changes over the next
couple of years. Other mechanisms for informa-
tion dissemination will be necessary as electronic
communication becomes more widely used. Pub-
lished documentation, meetings, and conferences
will continue to be a large part of the dissemina-
tion for technical information. The program will
continue to focus on developing documents sum-
marizing technology areas where data exist on a
variety of technologies or applications. This in-
formation will allow the user community to com-
pare these technologies, along with their costs and
applications. More technology areas will be sum-
marized as the SITE Program matures and infor-
mation becomes available.
20
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Appendix A
All SITE Projects
(Alphabetically by State)
21
-------
State
Alabama
Alaska
Arfzona
California
Developer
CMS Research Corp.
Birmingham, AL
Brice Environmental
Service Corp.
(BESCORP)
Fairbanks, AK
Arizona State Univ.
Tempo, AZ
STC Omega
(formerly Silicate
Tech'nology Corp.)
Scottsdale, AZ
Vulcan Peroxidation
Systems, Inc.
(formerly
Peroxidation
Systems, Inc.)
Tucson, AZ
Analytical and
and Remedial
Technology, Inc.
Menlo Park, CA
APROTEK
Suisun, CA
AWD Technologies,
Inc.
San Francisco, CA
Berkeley Environ.
Restoration Ctr.
(formerly Udell
Technologies, Inc.)
Emeryville, CA
COGNIS, Inc.
Santa Rosa, CA
Energy and
Environmental
Research Corp.
Irvine, CA
Technology
Minicams
Soil Washing Plant
Photocatalytic
Oxidation and Air
StriDDina
Solidification and
Stabilization
Treatment
perox-pur™ Chemical
Oxidation
Automated Volatile
Organic Analytical
System
Ion Conduction
Agglomeration
System
Integrated Vapor
Extraction and
Steam Vacuum
Stripping
In situ Enhanced
Extraction
Biological/
Chemical
Treatment
Chemical
Treatment
Hybrid Fluidized
Bed System
Reactor Filter
System
Technology
Contact
H.Ashley Page
205-773-6911
Craig Jones
907-452-2512
Gregory Raupp
602-965-2828
Stephen Pelger or
Scott Larsen
602-948-7100
Chris Giggy
602-790-8383
D. MacKay
415-324-2259
Cathryn Wimberly
919-366-6165
David Bluestein
415-227-0822
Kent Udell
510-653-9477
Ron Wilson
707-576-6231
William Fristad
707-576-6235
Richard Koppang
714-859-8851
Jerald Cole
714-859-8851
Program
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Status
Completed
Completed
September
1992
Ongoing
Completed
November
1990
Completed
September
1992
Completed
May 1991
Ongoing
Completed
September
1990
Completed
1993
Completed
1995
Completed
1994
Completed
1994
Completed
1992
Completed
1995
22
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\ ~
State
California
Developer
Environmental
Biotechnologies
Montara, CA
EPOC Water, Inc.
Fresno, CA
GIS/Solutions, Inc.
Concord, CA
Groundwater
Technology
Government
Services, Inc;
Concord, CA
Hughes
Environmental
Systems, Inc.
Manhattan Beach,
CA
Lockheed Missiles
& Space Co., Inc.
Palo Alto, CA
Magnum Water
Technology
El Segundo, CA
Membrane
Technology and
Research, Inc.
Menlo Park, CA
MTI Analytical
Instruments
(formerly
Microsensor
Technology, Inc.)
Fremont, CA
North American
Technologies, Inc.
San Ramon, CA
North American
Technologies, Inc./
APRQTEK
San Ramon, CA
NOVATERRA, Inc.
(formerly Toxic
Treatments USA,
Inc.)
Torrance, CA
Technology
Microbial
Composting
Precipitation,
Microflltration,
Sludge Dewatering
GIS/Key
Environmental Data
Management Software
Biological
Composting
StreamEnhanced
Recovery Process
Electrochemical
process for
contaminated sludges
CM-OX® Process
VaporSep Membrane
Process
Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Ex situ
Bioremediation
Oleofilter
In situ and Air
Stripping
Technology
Contact
Douglas Munnecke
415-728-8609
Ray Groves
209-291-8144
Asad AI-Malazi
510-827-5400
Ronald Hicks
510-671-2387
Ron Van Sickle
310-616-6634
Steven H.
Schwartzkopf
Dale Cox
310-640-7000
Tessa Annals
415-328-2228
Gary Lee
415-490-0900
Cathryn Wimberly
916-366-6165
Cathryn Wimberly
916-366-6165
Philip LaMori
310-328-9433
Program
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Ongoing
Ongoing
Completed
May 1992
Completed
August 1 993
Completed
1995
Completed
September
1993
Ongoing
Completed
March 1993
Completed
1991
Completed
Ongoing
Completed
June 1994
Completed
September
1989
"23
-------
State
California
Developer
NRT/General Atomics
(formerly Ogden
Environmental
Services)
San Diego, CA
Praxis
Environmental
Services
San Francisco, CA
Pulse Sciences,
San Leandro, CA
Purus, Inc.
San Jose, CA
Retech, Inc.
Ukiah, CA
Rochem Separation
Systems, Inc.
Torrance, CA
RoyF.Weston
Woodland Hills, CA
S.M.W. Seiko, Inc.
Hayward, CA
SRI Instruments
Torrance, CA
Separation and
Recovery Systems, Inc
Irvine, CA
SIVE Services
Dixon, CA
Titan/Pulse
Sciences
San Leandro, CA
Uitrox a Division of
Zimpro Environmental,
Inc.
Santa Ana, CA
U.S. EPA Region IX
San Francisco, CA
Vital Concepts
(also known as BCI)
Sacramento, CA
Technology
Circulating Bed
Combuster
Acoustic Barrier
Separator
In situ Steam
Enhanced
Extraction
X-Ray Treatment
(Aqueous)
Photolytic
Oxidation
Plasma Arc
Vitrification
Rochem Disc
Tube Module
System
Air Sparging
Process
In situ
Solidification and
Stabilization
Gas
Chromatograph
SAREX Chemical
Fixation Process
Steam Injection and
Vacuum Extraction
X-Ray Treatment
(Soils)
Ultraviolet Radiation
and Oxidation
Excavation and
foam suppression
of volatiles
Elcetro-Vectoring®
Technology
Contact
Jeffrey Broido
619-455-4495
Robert Goforth
619-455-2499
Lloyd Steward
415-641-9044
Vernon Bailey
510-632-5100
Paul Blystone
408-955-1000
R. C. Eschenbach
or L. B. Leland
707-462-6522
David LaMonica
310-370-3160
John Chicca
818-596-6900
David Yang
510-783-4105
Dave Quinn
310-214-5092
Joseph DeFranco
714-261-8860
916-678-8358
Vernon Bailey
510-632-5100
David Fletcher
714-545-5557
John Blevins
415-744-2241
Jerry Finney
1-800-828-5807
Program
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Completed
March 1989
Completed
1995
Ongoing
Completed
1994
Completed
1992
Ongoing
Completed
July 1991
Completed
August 1994
Completed
1994
Ongoing
Completed
January
1992
Ongoing
Ongoing
Ongoing
Completed
March 1989
Completed
July 1990
Ongoing
24
-------
State
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Developer
XonTech, Inc.
Van Nuys, CA
Colorado School of
Mines
Golden, CO
Colorado Department
of Health
Denver, CO
General Environmental
Corp.
(formerly known as
Hydrologies, Inc.)
Englewood, CO
GEOCHEM, a
Division of Terra Vac
Lakewood, CO
Pintail Systems, Inc.
Aurora, CO
Pintail Systems, Inc.
Aurora, CO
Dexsil Corp.
Hamden, CT
(4 Demonstrations)
SBP and Environmental
Laboratories, Inc.
EJ.DuPontde
Nemours and Co. and
Oberlin Filter Co.
Newark, DE and
Waukesha, Wl
ASI Environmental
Technologies, Inc./
Dames & Moore
Tampa, FL
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc./
Florida International
University and
Univerisity of Miami
Miami, FL
Technology
XonTech Sector
Sampler
Wetlands-Based
Treatment
Electrocoagulation
In situ Remediation
of Chromium in
Ground Water
Biodegradation
of Cyanide
Biomineralization
of Metals
Environmental
Test Kits (PCB)
Chlor-N-Soil
L2000 PCB/Chloride
Analyzer
Bioventing, Air
Sparging, Biological
Treatment for Ground
Water (Multi-developer
project with State of
New York)
Membrane
Microfiltration
Hydrolytic
Terrestrial
Dissipation
High-Energy
Electron Irradiation
(Aqueous)
Technology
Contact
Matt Young
818-787-7380
Thomas Wildeman
303-273-3642
Rick Brown
303-692-3383
Carl Dalrymple
303-761-6960
Jim Rouse
303-988-8902
David Nakles
412-826-3340
Leslie Thompson
303-367-8443 .
Steve Finch
203-288-3509
Richard Desrosiers
2088-789-8261
Ernest Mayer
302-366-3652
Stoddard Pickrell
813-626-381 1
William Cooper
305-593-5330
Program
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Status
Completed
Completed
Ongoing
Completed
1995
Ongoing
Ongoing
Ongoing
Completed
August
1992,1993
Completed
1995
Completed
April-May
1990
Ongoing
Completed
1993
Completed
1994
25
-------
State
Florida
Georgia
Idaho
Illinois
I
Developer
High Voltage
Environmental
Applications, Inc.
Miami, FL
POP, Inc.
West Palm Beach, FL
American Combustion,
Inc.
Norcross, GA
ETG, Inc.
Norcross, GA
SBP Technologies, Inc.
Stone Mountain, GA
Sonotech, Inc.
Atlanta, GA
Williams Environmental
Services, Inc. (formerly
Harmon Environmental
Services, Inc.)
Stone Mountain, GA
J. R. Simplot Co.
Pocatello, ID
(2 Demonstrations)
Morrison Knudsen
CorpJSTG
Technologies
Boise, ID
Process Technologies,
Inc.
Boise, ID
Allied Signal Corp.
Des Plaines, IL
Institute of Gas
Technology
Chicago, IL
Technology
High Energy Electronic
Beam (Solids)
Ion Mobility
Spectrometry
PYRETRON®
Thermal
Destruction
Long-Path Fourier
Transform Infrared
Spectrometer
Membrane Separation
and Bioremediation
Frequency Tunable
Pulse Combustion
System
Soil Washing
Anaerobic Biological
Process
Grouting Technique
Photolytic destruction
of SVE offgases
offgases
Submerged Fixed
Film Reactor
Chemical and
Biological Treatment
Fluid Extraction-
Biological
Degradation Process
Fluidized-Bed
Cyclonic
Agglomerating
Incinerator
Technology
Contact
William Cooper
305-593-5330
Martin Cohen
407-683-0507
Gregory Gitman
404-564-4180
Orman Simpson
404-242-0977
David Drahos
404-498-6666
Zin Plavnik
404-525-8530
S. Jackson Hubbard
(U.S. EPA)
513-569-7507
Dane Higdem
208-234-5367
Kathryn Levihn
R. MacHartley
208-386-6115
Michael Swan
208-385-0900
Steve Lupton
708-391-3500
Robert Kelley
312-949-3809
Albert Paterk
708-768-0500
Mike Mensinger
708-768-0602
Program
Emerging
Technology
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Demonstration
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Dinoseb
TNT
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Status
Ongoing
Completed
Completed
January 1988
Completed
January 1992
Completed
October 1991
Completed
1995
Exited 1992
Completed
1993
Completed
July 1993
Completed
February 1994
Ongoing
Ongoing
Ongoing
Completed
1993
Completed
1992
Completed
26
-------
State
Illinois
Indiana
Kansas
Louisiana
Developer
RUST Remedial
Services, Inc.
(formerly Chemical
Waste Management,
Inc.)
Palos Heights, IL
Recycling Sciences,
Inc.
Chicago, IL
Wheelabrator Clean
Air Systems (formerly
Chemical Waste
Management, Inc.)
Scnaumburg, IL
Bio-Rem, Inc.
Butler, IN
Canonie Environmental
Services Corp.
Porter, IN
Sevenson
Environmental Services
Munster, IN
SoilTech ATP Systems,
Inc.
Porter, IN
(2 Demonstrations)
Geoprobe
Salina, KS
International Waste
Technologies/Geo-Con,
Inc.
Wichita, KS
(2 Demonstrations)
Trinity Environmental
Technologies, Inc.
Mound Valley, KS
Advanced Remediation
Mixing, Inc. (formerly
Chemfix Technologies,
Inc.)
Kenner, LA
Electrokinetics, Inc.
Baton Rouge, LA
Technology
Supercritical
Extraction/Liquid Phase
Oxidation of Waste
X'TRAX™ Thermal
Desorption
Desprption and
Vapor Extraction
System
PO*WW*ER
Technology
Augmented In situ
Subsurface
Bioremediation
Process
Low Temperature
Thermal Aeration
MAECTITE™
Treatment Process
Anaerobic Thermal
Processor
Soil, Water, Vapor
Sampling Cone
Penetrometer
In situ Solidification
and Stabilization
Ultrasonically Assisted
Detoxification of
Hazardous Materials
Solidification and
Stabilization
Electrokinetic
Remediation
Electro-Klean™
Electrokinetic Soil
Remediation
Technology
Contact
Chetan Trivedi
709-361-7520
William Meenan
AnnaMarie Connoly
708-706-6900
David Mann
219-868-5823
Joseph Hutton
219-926-8651
Karl Yost
219-836-0116
Joseph Hutton
219-926-8651
»
Stephen Spradin
913-825-1842
Jeff Newton
316-269-2660
Chris Ryan
412-856-7700
Duane Koszalka
316-328-3222
Sam Pizzitola
504-461-0466
Robert Marks
504-388-3992
Program
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration .
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Monitoring and
Measuring
Technologies
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Status
Ongoing
Completed
May 1992
Ongoing
Completed
September
1992
Completed
December
1993
Completed
September
1992
Ongoing
Completed
May 1991
and June
1992
Completed
1995
Completed
April - May
1988
Completed
992
Completed
March 1989
Completed
993
Onaoina
Ongoing
27
-------
State
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Developer
Binax Corp., Antox
Div.
South Portland, ME
Microsensor System,
Inc.
Havre de Grace, MD
SCAPS U.S. Army
Environmental Center
APG, MD
ABB Environmental
Services, Inc.
Wakefield, MA
Bruker Instruments
Billerica, MA
CF Systems Corp.
Woburn, MA
(2 Demonstrations)
Clean Berkshires,
(Maxymillian Tech. Inc.)
Lanesboro, MA
Energy and
Environmental
Engineering, Inc.
East Cambridge, MA
HMD Systems, Inc.
Newtown, MA
(3 Demonstrations)
KSE, Inc.
Amherst. MA
Millipore Corp.
Bedford, MA
Technology
Equate®
Immunoassay (PCB)
Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Laser Fluorescence
PAH, BTEX, Screening
Cone Penetrometer
Two-Zone Plume
Interception In situ
Treatment Strategy
Anaerobic/Aerobic
Sequential
Bioremediation of
Bruker Mobile
Environmental Monitor
Solvent Extraction
Batch Organics
Extraction Unit
High Temperature
Thermal Process
Laser-Induced
Photochemical
Oxidative Destruction
Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Portable X-ray
Fluorescence
Spectrometer
PGP Test Kit
Air Integrated Reaction
Photocatalytic Treatment
of Air
EnviroGard™ PCB
Immunoassay Test Kit
Immunoassay for PCP
(Soil, Water)
Technology
Contact
Roger Piasio
207-772-3544
N. L. Jarvis
410-939-1089
George Robitaille
401-671-1576
Willard Murray
617-245-6606
Willard Murray
617-245-6606
John Wronka
506-667-9580
Chris Shallice
617-937-0800
Susan Erickson
617-937-0800
Jim Maxymillian
413-499-9862
James Porter
617-666-5500
Clayton Wood
617-964-6690
John Moore
617-964-6690
Bob Labiberte
800-726-6690
J. R. Kittrell
413-549-5506
Alan Weiss
617-275-9200
Program
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Emerging
Technology
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Status
Completed
1992
Completed
1995
Completed
1995
Completed
Ongoing
Completed
September
Completed
December
1988
Ongoing
Completed
December
1993
Completed
1993
Completed
January 1992
Completed
1995
Completed
Ongoing
Completed
1991 and 1992
Completed
1993
28
-------
State
Massachusetts
Minnesota
Montana
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
Developer
Niton Corp.
Bedford, MA
Ohmicron Corp.
Newton, MA
PSI Technology Co.
Andover, MA
BioTrol, Inc.
Eden Prairie, MN
Membrane Corp.
Minneapolis, MN
Unisys
Eagen, MN
Montana College of
Mineral Science &
Technology
Butte, MT
U.S. EPA
Las Vegas, NV
Wheelabrator
Technologies, Inc.
Hampton, NH
Accutech Remedial
Systems, Inc.
-------
State
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
Developer
M. L ENERGIA, Inc.
Princeton, NJ
Hazardous Substance
Management Research
Center at New Jersey
Institute of Technology
Newark, NJ
New Jersey Institute
ofTechnology
Newark, NJ
New Jersey Institute
ofTechnology
Jersey City, NJ
Sentex Sensing
Technology, Inc.
Ridgefield, NJ
Solucorp Industries
Billings and Associates,
Inc.
Albuquerque, NM
Bio-Recovery Systems,
Inc.
Las Cruces, NM
Sandia National
Laboratories
Albuquerque, NM
TMA Eberline (Thermo
Analytic)
Andco Environmental
Processes, Inc.
Amherst, NY
Electro-Pure Systems,
Inc.
Amherst, NY
Photovac International,
Inc.
Deer Park, NY
State University of New
York at Oswego
Oswego, NY
Technology
Reductive Photo-
Dechlorination Treatment
Reductive Photo-Thermal
Oxidation Processes for
for Chlorocarbons
Pneumatic Fracturing/
Bioremediation
GHEA Associates
Process
Cold Top Vitrification
Portable Gas
Chromatograph
Molecular Bonding
System
Subsurface Volitilization
and Ventilation System
Biological Sorption
Electrokinetic Extraction
in Unsaturated Soils
Segmented Gate System
for Radioactive Materials
Electrochemical In Situ
Chromate Reduction and
and Heavy Metal
Immobilization
Alternating Current
Electrocoagulation
Technology
Photovac 1OS PLUS
Photocatalytic Treatment
for Sediments
Technology
Contact
Moshe Lavid
609-799-7970
Moshe Lavid
609-799-7970
John Schuring
201-596-5849
Itzhak Gottlieb
201-596-5862
William Librizzi
201-596-5882
Amos Linenberg
201-945-3694
Michael DeLuca
Gale Billings
505-345-1116
Mike Hosea
505-523-0405
800-697-2001
Edward Bramlett
505-345-9931
Michael Brewster
716-691-2100
James LaDue
716-691-2610
Mark Collins
516-254-4199
Ronald Scrudato
315-341-3639
Program
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Emerging
Technology
Status
Completed
1995
Ongoing
Completed
1994
Completed
1992
Ongoing
Completed
January 1992
Ongoing
Completed
May 1994
Completed
1990
Ongoing
Ongoing
Ongoing
Completed
1992
Completed
January 1992
Completed
1995
30
-------
State
New York
North Carolina
•
Ohio
Developer
Texaco Syngas, Inc.
White Plains, NY
Xerox Corp.
Webster, NY
Ensys, Inc.
Research Triangle Park
NC
Ensys, Inc.
Morrisville, NC
(2 Demonstrations)
Babcock and Wilcox
Co.
Alliance, OH
Battelle Memorial
Institute
Columbus, OH
Ferro Corp.
Independence, OH
IT Corp.
Cincinnati, OH
OHM Remediation
Services Corp.
Findlay, OH
University of Dayton
Research Institute
Dayton, OH
U.S. EPA Risk
Reduction Engineering
Laboratory and ETG
Environmental
Cincinnati, OH
U.S. EPA Risk
Reduction Engineering
Laboratory
Cincinnati, OH
U.S. EPA Risk
Reduction Engineering
Laboratory and IT Corp.
Cincinnati, OH
Technology
Entrained-Bed
Gasification
Ground Water Extraction
Immunoassay for PCP
Immunoassay for PCP
PENTA™ RISC Test Kit
Cyclone Furnace
In Situ Electroacoustic
Soil Decontamination
Waste Vitrification
Through Electric Melting
Chelation/EIectro-
deposition of Toxic Metals
from Soils
Oxygen Microbubble In
Situ Bioremediation
Photothermal
Detoxification Unit (PDU)
Base-Catalyzed
Dechlorination Process
Bioventing
Volume Reduction Unit
Debris Washing System
Technology
Contact
Richard Zang
914-253-4047
Ron Hess
716-422-3694
Stephen Friedman
914-941-5509
Aisling Scallen
919-941-5509
D.K.Haidet
216-821-9110
Satya Chauhan
614-424-4812
Tack Whang
216-641-8580
Curtis Kellogg
513-782-4700
Doublas Jerger
419-423-3526
John Graham
513-229-2846
Yei-Shong Shieh
215-832-0700
Paul McCauley
513-569-7444
Richard Griffith
908-321-6629
Michael Taylor or
Majid Dosani
513-782-4700
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration
Monitoring and
Measurement
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Completed
1994
Completed
1995
Completed
September
1989
Completed
Completed
Completed
1992
Completed
November
1991
Completed
Completed
Ongoing
Ongoing
Completed
1994
Completed
August 1993
Ongoing
Completed
November
1992
Completed
August 1990
31
-------
State
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Developer
U.S. EPA Risk
Reduction Engineering
.aboratory and USDA
rorest Products
.aboratory
Cincinnati, OH
U.S.EPA Risk
Reduction Engineering
.aboratory and
Jniversity of Cincinnati
Cincinnati, OH
Geo-Microbial
Technologies
Ochelata, OK
Terra-Kleen Corp.
Oklahoma City, OK
Mebrex, Inc.
Bend, OR
Aluminum Company of
America (formerly
Alcoa Separations
Technology, Inc.)
Pittsburgh, PA
EG&G Environmental,
Inc.
Pittsburgh, PA
Center for Hazardous
Materials Research
Pittsburgh, PA
Horsehead Resource
Development Co., Inc.
Monaca, PA
Lewis Environmental
Services, Inc.
Pittsburgh, PA
Ohmicron Corp.
Newtown, PA
Technology
Fungal Treatment
Technology
Hydraulic Fracturing
New Technology for Metals
Release and Removal
from Wastes
Soil Restoration Unit
Field Portable X-ray
Fluorescence (FPXRF)
Bioscrubber
NoVOCs™ In Well
Stripping
Acid Extraction Treatment
System
Lead Smelting
Organics Destruction and
Metals Stabilization
Flame Reactor
Soil Leaching Process
Immunoassay for PCP
Technology
Contact
Richard Lamar
608-231-9469
Larry Murdoch
513-556-2526
Donald Hitzman
918-535-2281
Alan Cash
405-728-0001
Jim Pasmore
503-385-6748
Paul Liu
412-826-3711
James Beninati
412-920-5401
Stephen Paff
412-826-5320
A. Bruce King
412-826-5320
Regis Zagrocki
412-773-2289
Tom Lewis III
412-322-8100
Dave Hertzog
215-860-5115
Program
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Monitoring and
Measuring
Technologies
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
D
2)
Emerging
Technology
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Status
ovember
992
ompleted
eptember
992
Ongoing
Completed
994
Completed
Completed
1993
Ongoing
Completed
1992
Completed
1993
Completed
•1995
Completed
1991
Ongoing
Ongoing
Completed
32
-------
State
Pennsylvania
South Carolina
Tennessee
Texas
Developer
R.E.Wright
Middletown, PA
Remediation
Technologies, Inc.
(formerly MoTec, Inc.)
Pittsburgh,, PA
Roy F. Weston, Inc.
West Chester, PA
Vortec Corp.
Collegeville, PA
University of South
Carolina
Columbia, SC
Bergmann USA
Gallatin, TN
IT Corporation
Knoxville, TN
Illinois Institute of
Technology/Halliburton
NUS
Oak Ridge, TN
KAI/Halliburton NUS
Oak Ridge, TN
WASTECH, Inc.
Oak Ridge, TN
ASOMA Instruments
Austin, TX
Technology
Bioventing, Air Sparging,
Biological Treatment for
Ground Water (Multi-
developer project with-
state of New York)
Slurry Biodegradation
Low Temperature Thermal
Treatment System
Steam Regeneration
Adsorption System
(Ambersorb™)
Oxidation and Vitrification
Process
In Situ Mitigration of Acid
Water
Soil and Sediment
Washing Technology
Batch Steam Distillation
and Metal Extraction
Eimco Biolift™ Slurry
Reactor
Mixed Waste Treatment
Process
Photolytic and Biological
Soil Detoxification
Radio Frequency Heating
Radio Frequency Heating
Solidification and
Stabilization
Portable X-ray
Fluorescence
Spectrometer
Technology
Contact
Richard Cronce
717-944-5501
- - - •. ,
David Nakies
412-826-3340
Mike Cosmos
215-430-7423
John Thoroughgood
215-841-2011
James Hnat
215-489-2255
Frank Caruccio'
803-777-4512
Richard Traver
615-452-5500
Ed Alperin
615-690-3211
Karidi Brown
615-690-3211
Ed Alperin
615-690-3211
Robert Fox
615-690-3211
Clifton Blanchard
615-483-9900
Clifton Blanchard
615-483-9900
E. Benjamin Peacock
615-483-6515
Phillip Almquist
512-258-6608
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology '
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Monitoring and
Measuring
Technologies
Status
Completed
1995
Ongoing
Completed
December
1992
Completed
1995
Completed
1993
Ongoing
Completed
1995
Completed
May 1992
Completed
1992
Completed
1995
Completed
1995
Completed
1993
Completed
August 1 993
Completed
1994
Completed
August 1991
Ongoing
33
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State
Texas
Utah
Virginia
Developer
EET, Inc.
Bellaire.TX
ENSR Consulting
Engineering and Larson
Engineering
Houston, TX
Filter Flow Technology,
Inc.
League City, TX
Funderburk and
Associates
Fail-field, TX
Hrubetz Environmental
Services, Inc.
Dallas, TX
Orison Corp.
Abilene, TX
Solidtech, Inc.
Houston, TX
TN Technologies, Inc.
Round Rock, TX
TechTran Environmental,
Inc.
Houston, TX
University of Houston
Houston, TX
Western Product
Recovery Group, Inc.
Houston, TX
Phytokinetics, Inc.
Logan, UT
BioGenesis Enterprises
Inc.
(formerly BioVersal
USA)
Fairfax Station, VA
Technology
RGB/Metals Extraction
from Porous Services
Bioventing, Air Sparging,
Biological Treatment for
Ground Water (Multi-
developer project with
state of New York)
Heavy Metals and
Radionuclide Sorption
Method
Dechlorination and
Immobilization
HRUBOUT® Process
ERG Accelerated
Bioremediation Process
Solidification and
Stabilization
Portable X-ray
Fluorescence
Spectrometer
Combined Chemical
Precipitation, Physical
Separation, and Binding
Process for Radionuclides
and Heavy Metals
Concentrated Salt
Extraction of Lead
CCBA Physical and
Chemical Treatment
Phytoremediation of Soils
PCB Sediment Washing
BioGenesis™ Soil
Washing Process
Technology
Contact
Tim Tarrillion
713-662-6608
Gil Long (ENSR)
713-520-9900
Todd Johnson
713-334-6080
Paul DePercin
U.S. EPA
513-569-7809
Michael Hrubetz or
Barbara Hrubetz
214-363-7833
Shawn McGlothin
915-692-1136
Bill Stallworth
713-497-8558
Margo Meyers
512-388-9200
E. B. (Ted) Daniels
713-688-2390
Dennis Clifford
713-743-4250
Donald Kelly
713-493-9321
Ari Ferro
801-750-0985
Thomas Rogeux
703-913-9700
Charles Wilde
703-250-3442 or
Mohsen Amiran
708-827-0024
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration .
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Monitoring and
Measuring
Technologies
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Ongoing
Completed
995
Completed
September
993
Completed
October 1987
Completed
February
993
Ongoing
Completed
December
988
Completed
1995
Ongoing
Ongoing
Completed
1994
Ongoing
Ongoing
Completed
November
1992
34
-------
State
Virginia
Washington
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Developer
Dynaphore, Inc.
Richmond, VA
RKKLtd.
Arlington, VA
ECOVA Corp.
Redmond, WA
Geosafe Corp.
Richland, WA
Remediation
Technologies, Inc.
(ReTec)
. Seattle, WA
Resources
Conservation Co.
Bellevue.WA
Scitec Corp.
Richland, WA
University of
Washington
Seattle, WA
Allis Mineral Systems,
Inc. (formerly Boliden
Allis, Inc.)
Oak Creek, Wl
University of Wisconsin
Madison, Wl
Zimpro Passavant
Environmental
Systems, Inc.
Rothschild, Wl
Western Research
Institute
'Laramie, WY
Technology
Removal of Dissolved
Heavy Metals via
FORAGER sponge
CRYOCELL Freeze
Barrier
Bioslurry Reactor
In Situ Vitrification
Methanotrophic Biofilm
Reactor
BEST Solvent Extraction
Field Portable X-ray
Fluorescence
Adsorptive Filtration
Pyrokiln Thermal
Encapsulation Process
Photoelectrocatalytic
Treatment of Metals and
Organics in Water
PACT®Wastewater
Treatment System
Contained Recovery of
Oily Wastes (CROW™)
Technology
Contact
Norman Rainer
804-288-7109
Christopher Reno
206-653-4844
Alan Jones
206-883-1900
James Hansen
509-375-0710
, Hans Stroo
206-624-9349
LannyWeimer
301-596-6066
Chester Dilday
1-800-466-5323
Mark Benjamin
206-543-7645
John Lees
414-798-6265
Glenn Heian
414-762-1190
Marc Anderson
602-262-2674
William Copa
715-359-7211
Lyle Johnson
307-721-2011
Program
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Monitoring and
Measurement
Technologies
Emerging
Technology ,
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Status
Completed
April 1994
Ongoing
Completed
September
1991
Completed
1994
Completed
1995
Completed
July 1 992
Completed
1995
Completed
1992
Completed
1993
Ongoing
Ongoing
Completed
1991
Ongoing
35
-------
International Participants
State
Canada
England/
United Kingdom
Developer
Atomic Energy of
of Canada, Limited
Chalk River, Ontario
ConeTech
Investigations
Vancouver, British
Columbia
ELI Eoo Logic
International, Inc.
Rockwood, Ontario
(2 Demonstrations)
EnviroMetal
Technologies, Inc.
(2 Demonstrations)
Grace Dearborn, Inc.
Mississauga, Ontario
Matrix Photocatalytic
Ltd. (formerly Nutech
Environmental)
London, Ontario
Toronto Harbor
Commission
Toronto, Ontario
TriWaste Reduction
Services, Inc.
Calgary, Alberta
Wastewater Technology
Centre
Burlington, Ontario
Zenon Environmental
Systems, Inc.
Burlington, Ontario
Davy Research and
Development, Limited
Cleveland, England
Technology
Ultrasonic-Acid Leachate
Treatment for Mixed
Wastes
Chemical Treatment and
Ultrafiltration
Resistivity, pH, Seismic,
Temperature, Cone
Penetrometer
Thermal Gas Phase
Reduction and Thermal
Desorption Process
Metal Enhanced Abiotic
Degradation
Daramend™ Process
TiO2 Phtocatalytic
Treatment of Aqueous
Waste Streams
TIO2 Photocatalytic
Air Treatment
Soil Recycling
Thermal Phase Separator
and TRACE Soil Washing
Unit
Cross-Flow Pervaporation
System
Cross-Flow Pervaporation
System
ZenoGem™ Process
Chemical Treatment
Technology
Contact
Shiv Vijayan
613-584-3311
Ext. 3220
Leo Buckley
613-584-3311
Ward Phillips
604-327-431 1
Jim Nash
519-856-9591
John Quayle
514-827-0432
Alan Seech
Bob Henderson
519-660-8669
Bob Henderson
519-660-8669
Dennis Lang
416-863-2047
Phil Carson
403-234-3229
Chris Lipski
416-336-4689
Phil Canning
416-639-6320
Chris Lipski
416-639-6320
Graham Wightman
44-642-6071081
Program
Emerging
Technology
Emerging
Technology
Monitoring and
Measuring
Technologies
Demonstration
Demonstration
Ex situ
In situ
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Demonstration
Demonstration
Emerging
Technology
Status
Ongoing
Completed
993
Completed
Completed
December
992
Completed
995
Ongoing
Completed
1994
Completed
1993
Ongoing
1995
Completed
1994
Ongoing
Completed
April-May
1992
Ongoing
Completed
1992
Completed
1995
Completed
1995
Ongoing
36
-------
State
England/
United Kingdom
Italy
Puerto Rico
Developer
AEA Technology
(formerly Warren Spring
Laboratory)
Stevenage
Hertsfordshire, UK
Graseby Ionics, Ltd.
Waterford Herts,
England
Gruppo Italimpresse
[developed by Shirco
Infrared Systems, Inc.]
(formerly ECOVA)
Rome, Italy
(2 Demonstrations)
Terra Vac, Inc.
San Juan, PR
Technology
Physical and Chemical
Treatment
Ion Mobility Spectrometry
Infrared Thermal
Destruction
In Situ Vacuum
Extraction
Technology
Contact
Peter Wood
44-0235-463040
John Brokenshire
011-44-923-816166
Martin Cohen
407-683-0507
Gruppo Italimpresse
Rome:
011-39-06-8802001
Padova:
011-39-049-773490
(No longer available
from U.S. vendors)
James Malot
809-723-9171
Program
Emerging
Technology
Measuring and
Monitoring
Technologies
Demonstration
Demonstration
Status
Completed
1994
Completed
Summer 1990
and Fall 1990
Completed,
August 1987
and
November
1987
Completed
December
1987-April
1988
37
-------
-------
Appendix B
Publications and Videos Titles
39
-------
Q
Q
Q
D
Documents Available from the
U.S. EPA National Risk Management Research Laboratory
Superfund Technology Demonstration Division1
General Publications
SITE Program: Annual Report to Congress 1994 (EPA/540/R-95/522)
SITE Profiles, Seventh Edition (EPA/540/R-94/526)
Survey of Materials Handling Technologies Used at Hazardous Waste
Sites (EPA/540/2-91/010)
Interim Status Report U.S. and German Bilateral Agreement on Remediation of
Hazardous Waste Sites (EPA/540/R-94/500)
Demonstration Project Results
Accutech Remedial Systems, Inc.—Pneumatic Fracturing
Extraction and Hot Gas Injection, Phase I
Q Technology Evaluation (EPA/540/R-93/509)
PB93-216596s
Q Technology Demo. Summary (EPA/540/SR-93/509)3
O Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/MR-93/509)3
Q Applications Analysis (EPA/540/AR-93/509)3
PB94-117439
Advanced Remediation Mixing, Inc. (formerly Chemfix) —
Chemical Fixation/Stabilization
Q Technology Evaluation Vol. I (EPA/540/5-89/011 a)3
PB91-127696
D Technology Evaluation Vol. II (EPA/540/5-89/011b)3
PB90-274127
Q Applications Analysis (EPA/540/A5-89/011)
Q Technology Demo. Summary (EPA/540/S5-89/011 )3
D Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/M5-89/011 )3
American Combustion, Inc.—Oxygen Enhanced Incineration
Q Technology Evaluation (EPA/540/5-89/008)
O Applications Analysis (EPA/540/A5-89/008)
P Technology Demo. Summary (EPA/540/S5-89/008)3
Q Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/M5-89/008)3
AVID Technologies, Inc.—
Integrated Vapor Extraction and Steam Vacuum Stripping
Q Applications Analysis (EPA/540/A5-91/002)
PB92-218379
Q Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/M5-91/002)3
Babcock & Wilcpx Co.—Cyclone Furnace Vitrification
Q Technology Evaluation Vol. I (EPA/540/R-92/017A)3
PB92-222215
Q Technology Evaluation Vol. II (EPA/540/R-92/017B)3
PB92-222223
Q Applications Analysis (EPA/540/AR-92/017)
PB93-122315
Q Technology Demo. Summary (EPA/540/SR-92/017)3
D Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/MR-92/011)
Bergmann USA—Soil and Sediment Washing System
Q Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/MR-92/075)
Q Applications Analysis (EPA/540/AR-92/075)
BioGenesis Enterprises, Inc.—Soil and Sediment Washing
Processes
Q Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/MR-93/510)• -.
Q Innovative Technology Evaluation Report
(EPA/540/R-93/510)
Q Site Technology Capsule (EPA/540/SR-93/510)3
Bio-Rem, Inc.—Augmented In-Situ Subsurface Biorem
Process
Q Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/MR-93/527)3
BioTrol — Biological Aqueous Treatment System
Q Technology Evaluation (EPA/540/5-91/001)3
PB92-110048
Q Applications Analysis (EPA/540/A5-91/001)
PB91-227983
Q Technology Demo. Summary (EPA/540/S5-91/001)
Q Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/M5-91/001)
1 Order documents free of charge by calling EPA's Center for
Environmental Research Information (CERI) at 513-569-7562 or
Fax 513-569-8695.
* DocumentswithaPBnumberareoutofstockandmustbeordered
by that number at cost from:
National Technical Information Service
5285 Port Royal Road
Springfield VA 22161
Telephone 703-487-4650.
3 Out of slock
40
-------
Demonstration Project Results (continued)
— Soil Washing System
Q Technology Evaluation Vol. I (EPA/540/5-91/003a)3
PB92-115310
Q Technology Evaluation Vol. II Part A
(EPA/540/5-91/003b)3 PB92-115328
Q Technology Evaluation Vol. II Part B
(EPA/540/5-91 /003c)3 PB92-115336 '
Q Applications Analysis (EPA/540/A5-91/003)
Q Technology Demo. Summary (EPA/540/S5-91/003)
Q Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/M5-91/003)
Brice Environmental Services Corporation—Bescorp Soil
Washing System Battery Enterprises Site
D Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/MR-93/503)
Q Applications Analysis (EPA/540/A5-93/503)
Brown and Root Environmental—Subsurface Volatilization
and Ventilation System
Q Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/MR-94/529)
Q Capsule (EPA/540/R-94/529a) :
Q Innovative Tech. Eval. Report (EPA/540/R-94/529)
Canonie Environmental Services Corporation—Low Tem-
perature Thermal Aeration (LTTA)
Q Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/MR-93/504)
Q Applications Analysis (EPA/540/AR-93/504)
CF Systems Corporation—Liquified Gas Solvent Extraction
Q Technology Evaluation Vol. I (EPA/540/5-90/002)
Q Technology Evaluation Vol. II (EPA/540/5-90/002a)3
PB90-186503 ; •
Q Applications Analysis (EPA/540/A5-90/002)
Q Technology Demo. Summary (EPA/540/S5-90/002)
Chemical Waste Management, Inc.—X-TRAX Thermal
Desorption System
Q Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/MR-93/502)
Clean Berkshires, Inc. (now Maxymillian Technologies)—
Thermal Desorption System - • • -
Q Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/MR-94/507)
Q Capsule (EPA/540/R-94/507a)3 .
Dehydro-Tech Corporation—Carver-Greenfield Process
Q Technology Evaluation (EPA/540/R-92/002)3
PB92-217462 :
Q Applications Analysis (EPA/540/AR-92/002)
Q Technology Demo. Summary (EPA/540/SR-92/002)
Q Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/MR-92/002)
Dupont/Oberlin—Membrane Microfiltration System
Q Technology Evaluation (EPA/540/5-90/007)3
PB92-153410 -•
Q Applications Analysis (EPA/540/A5-90/007)
Q Technology Demo. Summary (EPA/540/S5-90/007)
Q Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/M5-90/007)
Dynaphore, Inc.—Forager Sponge Technology
Q Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/MR-94/522)
Q Capsule (EPA/540/R-94/522a)
Q Innovative Tech. Eval. Rept. (EPA/540/R-94/522)
ECOVA Corporation—Bioslurry Reactor [Pilot-Scale Demon-
stration of Slurry-Phase Biological Reactor for Creosote-
Contaminated Wastewater] - . .
Q Technology Demo. Summary (EPA/540/S5-9T/009)
Q Technology Evaluation Vol. I (EPA/540/5-91/009)3
PB93-205532
Q Applications Analysis (EPA/540/A5-91/009) :
Q Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/M5-91/009)
ELI Eco Logic International, Inc.
—Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction
Q Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/MR-93/522)
Q Technology Evaluation—Vol. I (EPA/540/R-93/522a)3
PB95-100251
Q Technology Evaluation—Appendices (EPA/540/R-93/
522b)3 PB95-100251
Q Technology Demo. Summary (EPA/540/SR-93/522)
Q Applications Analysis (EPA/540/AR-93/522)
—Thermal Desorption Unit
Q Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/MR-94/504) ......
Q Applications Analysis (EPA/540/AR-94/504)
Environmental Technologies, Inc.—Metal-Enhanced Abiotic
Degradation Technology
Q Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/MR-95/510)
EPOC Water, Inc.—Microfiltration Technology
Q Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/MR-93/513)
Q Applications Analysis (EPA/540/AR-93/513) '',"
Filter Flow Technology, Inc.—Colloid Polishing Filter Method
Q Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/MR-94/501)
Q Capsule (EPA/540/R-94/501 a)
PB95-122792
; Q Innovative Tech. Eval. Rept. (EPA/540/R-94/501) •'-
PB95-122792
Geo-Con, Inc.—ln-Situ Solidification and Stabilization
Process
Q Technology Evaluation Vol. I (EPA/540/5-89/004a)
Q Technology Evaluation—Appendices (EPA/540/R-93/
522b)3PB95-100251 . ;.'
Q Technology Evaluation Vol. II (EPA/540/5-89/004b)3
.... PB89-194179 . . .
Q"Technology Evaluation Vol. Ill (EPA/540/5-89/004C)3
PB90-269069 . ; - . "
Q Technology Evaluation Vol. IV (EPA/540/5-89/004d)3
PB90-269077
Q Applications Analysis (EPA/540/A5-89/004)
Q Technology Demo. Summary (EPA/540/S5-89/004)
Q Technology Demo. Summary., Update Report
(EPA/540/S5-89/004a)
Q Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/54Q/M5-89/004)3
Geosafe Corporation—In-Situ Vitrification
Q Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/MR-94/520)
- Q Technology Capsule (EPA/540/R-94/520a)3 PB95-
177101
Q Innovative Tech. Eval. Rep. (EPA/540/R-94/520)
GIS/Solutions, Inc.—GIS/KEY Environmental Data Manage-
ment System
Q Innovative Technology Evaluation Report
(EPA/540/R-94/505) PB95-138319
Q SITE Technology Capsule (EPA/540/SR-94/505)
Q Demonstration Bulletin (EPA/540/MR-94/505)
41
-------
United States
Environmental Protection Agency
Center for Environmental Research Information
Cincinnati, OH 45268
Please make all necessary changes on the below label,
detach or copy, and return to the address in the upper
left-hand comer.
If you do not wish to receive these reports CHECK HERE D;
detach, or copy this cover, and return to the address in the
upper left-hand comer.
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POSTAGE & FEES PAID
EPA
PERMIT No. G-35
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Penalty for Private Use
$300
EPA/540/R-97/500
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