United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Solid Waste and
Emergency Response
(5102G)
EPA 542-F-00-OO7
March 2OOO
www.epa.gov/tio
www.cluin.org
&EPA
Introduction to
Phytoremediation
Fact Sheet and Order Information
Introduction
Phytoremediation is a set of
emerging technologies that use
various plants to degrade, extract,
contain, or immobilize
contaminants from soil and water.
This technology has been receiving
attention lately as an innovative,
cost-effective alternative to the
more established treatment
methods used at hazardous waste
sites.
Introduction to Phytoremediation
(EPA 600-R-99-107) is intended to
provide a tool for site regulators,
owners, neighbors, and managers
to evaluate the applicability of
phytoremediation to a site. It
defines terms and provides a
framework to understand
phytoremediation applications. The document also
compiles research and remediation work that has been
done to date.
Objectives
# Provide an educational tool for site regulators,
owners, neighbors, and managers to evaluate the
applicability of phytoremediation to a site.
#• Develop a format that is accessible to EPA, state
regulators, and others who need to evaluate
alternate remedial technologies; site owners,
project managers, consultants, contractors, and
students who are interested in basic information.
# Evaluate the various phytoremediation processes.
*• Present characteristics of phytoremediation system
characteristics that site managers and others might
find useful in assessing the potential applicability
of phytoremediation to a specific site.
# Present case studies illustrating field applications
of phytoremediation.
# Provide a detailed bibliography of additional
resources.
# Provide direction for research,
development, and regulation,
and identify areas of needed
research.
Approach
The report was developed by
conducting a comprehensive
literature search, contacting
contractors and researchers to
obtain information on applications
and cost, reviewing and evaluating
existing research and field
applications, and compiling
research and remedial work
performed to date.
Contents
The document presents
information on the various
phytoremediation processes and associated
information:
* Phytoremediation overview
Applications, limits, cost information, and
regulatory concerns.
*• Literature review and evaluation of processes
Definitions, mechanisms, site characteristics,
applicable media, contaminants amenable to each
phytoremediation process, and associated
concentrations.
*• Considerations for the use of phytoremediation
Information that will help a site manager identify
whether, phytoremediation may be applicable for a
site and to select a particular phytoremediation
technology.
#• Remedial objectives and monitoring needs
Discussion on performance evaluation and
monitoring techniques to measure progress
toward the remedial objectives.
#• Case studies
Site descriptions, design considerations,
monitoring recommendations, status, and cost.
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&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection Agency
National Service Center for
Environmental Publications
P.O. Box 42419
Cindnnatf, OH 45242
Official Business
Penalty for Private Use $300
EPA542-F-00-007
March 2000
BULKRATE
Postage and Fees
Paid
EPA
Permit No. G-35
Introduction to
Phytoremediation
Fact Sheet and Order Information
Order Form - - • — — - -
To order Introduction to Phytoremediation (EPA 600-R-99-107), please call 1 -800-490-9198, or complete this
form and mail or fax it to:
National Service Center for Environmental Publications (NSCEP) -
P.O. Box 42419
Cincinnati, OH 45242-2419
Fax:513-489-8695
Available online at
Name:,
Company:.
Address:—
City/State/Zip:.
Phone:
Fax:.
Email:.
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