Tech Trends: The Applied Technologies Journal for Superfund Removals and Remedial Actions and RCRA Corrective Actions, Issue Number 20, June 1995

United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Solid Waste
Emergency Response
(5102W)
EPA 542-N-95-003
June 1995
Issue No. 20
vVEPA
The Applied Technologies Journal for Superfund Removals & Remedial Actions i& RCRA Corrective Actions
THERMAL DESORPTION AT GAS PLANTS
By Ronald F. Lewis, EPA National Risk Management Research Laboratory
There are an estimated 3)000 former
^manufactured gas plants (MGP) in the
United States. The EPA SITE Pro-
gram (Superfund Innovative Technol-
ogy Program) evaluated a Thermal De-
sorption System (TDS) designed to re-
move organic compounds and total pe-
troleum hydrocarbons from soil, in-
cluding contaminants typically found
at MGPs from: (1) coke plant residu-
als; (2) purifier bed wastes; (3) sedi-
ments; and (4) water gas plant residu-
als. The TDS, developed by Clean
Berkshires, Inc. (now renamed Maxy-
millian Technologies), was evaluated at
the Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation's
Remediation Technologies Demon-
stration Facility at Harbor Point in
Utica, New York. Harbor Point is a
former MGP and has been contami-
nated with coal coking by-products.
Contaminant levels were: benzene,
toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene
(BTEX) at concentrations ranging
* SPECIAL INSERT*
COST AND
PERFORMANCE DATA
In this issue of TECH TRENDS
we Include a special insert,
"Remediation Case Studies:. Fact
Sheet and Order Form." It
describes a series of 37 <^se stud-
ies of full-scak sice cleanups at
Siiperfuad sites and Federal fa-
cilities.
Each case study documents
project design, operation, perfor-
mance and cost data and lessons
learned at the sites. The reports
should be useful to those evakj&fc-
ing the feasibility or design of
these technologies at similar sites.
from 13 milligrams per kilogram
(mg/kg) in coke plant residuals to 320
mg/kg in water gas plant residuals;
polyaromatic hydrocarbon concentra-
tions ranging from 320 mg/kg in coke
plant residuals to 4,420 mg/kg in wa-
ter gas plant residuals; organo-metallic
ferricyanide complexes' (cyanide) con-
centrations ranging from 730 mg/kg in
coke plant residuals to 1,120 mg/kg in
purifier bed wastes. Estimated average
removal efficiencies were: 99.7% total
BTEX and total PAHs and 97.5% to-
tal cyanides. Estimated average con-
centrations for critical pollutants in
processed solids were (estimated) 0.066
mg/kg total BTEX, 12.4 mg/kg total
PAHs, and 5.4 mg/kg total cyanide.
Spikes of the volatile compound xylene
at 21.8 to 27.2 mg/kg and the semi-
volatile compound naphthalene at 232
to 318 mg/kg were added to assess air
emissions of Clean Air Act principle
organic hazardous contaminants
(POHCs); destruction removal effi-
ciencies were 99.99% or greater for
both compounds.
The Clean Berkshires TDS is a di-
rect-fired co-current thermal desorber
based on standard rotary kiln technol-
ogy. The kiln is made of an innovative
metal alloy which allows the soil to be
quickly heated for short passage time
(eight minutes), thereby producing pu-
rified soil rather than ash. It is a pro-
cess which is composed of three differ-
ent operations: feed preparation, con-
taminant volatilization and gas treat-
ment. Contaminant volatilization be-
gins after the prepared feed material
enters the kiln. The soil temperature is
increased up to 800 degrees F through
contact with an air stream heated by a
VOC's

Bio-
remediation
Soil
Ground
Water
natural gas burner located at the kiln's
entrance. The kiln has special design
features that lift and toss the soil within
the kiln, exposing greater surface area to
the hot gases, thereby improving vola-
tilization. Treated soil exits the kiln
and enters a pug mill which combines
the material with solid residuals from
the gas ixeatment sequence to form a
consolidated processed solids stream.
Water recycled from the quench tower
is added at this time to cool the pro-
cessed solids and control fugitive dust
emissions. The solids are deposited
onto a discharge conveyor and stock-
piled.
Gas treatment begins when the kiln
offgas, now filled with volatilized con-
taminants and entrained particulate,
enters a multi-stage treatment se-
quence. Kiln offgases are first drawn
through a cyclone to remove coarse
particulate matter. The gases then en-
ter a high-efficiency, natural gas-fired
afterburner which combusts organic
constituents at temperatures up to
1,800 degrees F. A quench tower cools
the combustion gases by passing them
through a highly atomized water mist.
The cooled gas stream then enters a
baghouse to remove fine-sized filterable
particulate. If any acid levels are high
enough to impact air quality standards,
a scrubber could be added at this point
in the treatment sequence. Treated
gases exit the system through a 75-ft.
high stack. Solid residuals from gas
treatment are transferred by a screw au-
ger to trie pug mill and are combined
with the treated soil from the kiln.

| (continued on page 4)
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Printed with Soy/Canola Ink on paper
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                                      SITE  Search
The Superfund Innovative Technol-
ogy Evaluation (SITE) Program cur-
rently has a number of innovative
remediation technologies that it has
accepted as candidates to be evaluated
under the Demonstration Program.
We arc searching for sites where eight
of these technologies can be demon-
strated.  If you think that your site has
contaminants and site conditions that
match the technologies, we .would
very much like to talk with you.
Below are brief descriptions of the
technologies together with the con-
taminants to be remediated and the
media in which we are interested.
Please call the SITE Project Manager
listed in the technology description for
more information if you are poten-
tially interested in nominating your
site for the demonstration.
  Zimpro Environmental, Inc. has
adapted the PACT ® wastewater treat-
ment system to treat ground waters
and leachates contaminated with haz-
ardous organic pollutants. In general,
the system can treat liquid wastes with
a chemical oxygen demand of up to
60,000 parts per million (ppm), in-
cluding toxic volatile organic com-
pounds up to 1,000 ppm. The system
combines biological treatment and
powdered activated carbon (PAC) ad-
sorption to achieve treatment stan-
dards not readily attainable with con-
ventional technologies. The mobile,
trailer-mounted system can treat
2,500 to 10,000 gallons of wastewater
per day. Larger stationary systems,
treating up to 53 million gallons per
day, are already hi operation. The
SITE Program Project Manager is
John Martin at 513-569-7758.
  The Horsehead Resource Develop-
ment Co., Inc. (HRD) flame reactor
sysem is a patented, hydrocarbon-fu-
eled, flash-smelting system that treats
residues and wastes contaminated with
metals and organic contaminants.
The system can be applied to granular
solids, soil, flue dusts, slags and slud-
ges. The SITE Program has previ-
ously evaluated this technology for
metals and found that it is capable of
performing as designed. The SITE
Program is now searching for a site to
evaluate the effectiveness of the tech-
nology to remediate organic contami-
nants in addition to metals. The reac-
tor processes wastes with hot (greater
than 2,000 degrees Celsius) reducing
gases produced by combusting solid or
gaseous hydrocarbon fuels in oxygen-
enriched air. Volatile metals are fumed
and organic compounds are destroyed
at the elevated temperature of the flame
reactor technology. The end products
from treated metal contaminants are a
non-leachable, glass-like slag; a poten-
tially recyclable, heavy metal-enriched
oxide; and in some cases, a metal alloy.
In general, the system requires that
for in situ treatment of soil contami-
nated with semivolatile and volatile or-
ganic compounds at relatively shallow
depths (30 feet).  SIVE-LF can remove
second phase liquids, such as fuels and
oils, from the tops of underground wa-
ter tables. Steam is forced to flow hori-
zontally and uniformly from one
trench, through the contaminated zone
to another trench, where it is then ex-
tracted. The injected steam strips con-
taminants from the soil as it is forced
across the contaminated zone.  The
steam raises the soil temperature, which
increases mass transfer and phase
•wastes be dry-enough-(less-than-5% to-	-change-rates,-reduces-liquid viscosities;
tal moisture) to be pneumatically-fed
and fine enough (less than 200 mesh)
to react rapidly. Larger particles (up to
20 mesh) can be processed; however
the efficiency of metals recovery is de-
creased. The SITE Program Manager
is Marta Richards at 513-569-7692.
  The Purus, Inc. PurCycle ™ is an
on-site vapor treatment process that
purifies air streams contaminated with
volatile organic compounds (VOC),
thereby controlling air emissions at site
remediation projects, industrial waste-
water facilities and industrial air pro-
cessing sites.  The technology works di-
rectly from soil extraction wells or from
ground water (or wastewater) air strip-
pers.. The contaminants are trapped by
using filter beds that contain a propri-
etary resin. This regenerative adsorp-
tion method involves one on-line treat-
ment bed for influent air, while another
bed undergoes a desorptiorr cycle.—An - -
on-board controller system automati-
cally switches between adsorption and
desorption cycles. The desorption cycle
uses a combination of temperature,
pressure and purge gas to desorb VOCs
trapped in the adsorbent bed.  The
contaminants are removed, condensed
and transferred as a liquid to a storage
tank; the recovered material can be eas-
ily reclaimed. The technology has a
relatively high tolerance for water va-
por, allowing efficient treatment of air
streams with an RH greater than 90%.
The SITE Program Manager is Norma
Lewis at 513-569-7665.
   SIVE Services has a steam injection
and vacuum extraction-linear flow
(SIVE-LF) process especially designed
and accelerates desorption of contami-
nants from the soil. The moisture and
warmth of the steam also accelerates
biodegradation of residual contami-
nants.  As a result, contaminants are
extracted or degraded at increased rates,
compared to conventional isothermal
vapor and liquid extraction systems.
The SITE Program Manager is
Michelle Simon at 513-569-7469.
  Wheelabrator Technologies, Inc. has
patented the WES-Phix stabilization
process that significantly reduces the
solubility of certain heavy metals in
solid waste streams by altering the
chemical composition of the waste ma-
terial.  The process does not produce a
solidified mass, unlike most other sta-
bilization technologies. The WES-
Phix process uses a proprietary form of
soluble phosphate to form insoluble
and highly stable metal phosphate min-
erals;-An important innovative feature--
of this process is that reaction kinetics
are rapid; thus, no curing step is neces-
sary. As a result, treated waste will im-
mediately pass toxicity characteristic
leaching procedure (TCLP) require-
ments for the targeted metals.
Although the process was originally
developed to treat, and has successfully
treated, municipal waste combustion
ash containing heavy metals, data indi-
cate the technology can also treat con-
taminated soils, sludges and baghouse
dusts.  Recent research indicates that
the process is particularly effective at
stabilizing lead, cadmium, copper and
zinc in a variety of media, as measured
by the TLCP and other laboratory

                (continued on page 4 )

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EPA-542-F-95-033
March 1995
FEDERAL REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES ROUNDTABLE
j

Remediation Case Studies:
Fact Sheet and Order Form
•.t j. *,v^ v->fff ff ,jr, ?v;!#'Sigt#ft"f*- \wr,,s'?- f y fWf+syZ"PSt'-s*t. *£<**;#• WV" - " ^WV '" %!**/*"&*

Increasing the cost-effectiveness of site remediation is a
national priority. The selection and use of more cost-
effective remedies requires better access to data on the
performance and cost of technologies used in the field.
To make data more widely available, member agencies of
the Federal Remediation Technologies Roundtable are
working jointly to publish case studies of full-scale
remediation and demonstration projects. The Roundtable
has published 37 case study reports organized by tech-
nology into a four-document set; a collection of abstracts
is also available. Future case studies will be based on an
important new Roundtable Guide for documenting future
site cleanups.

Conteiits of Case Study Reports t > t f
The 37 case study reports prepared by the Federal agen-
cies describe both above-ground and in situ technolo-
gies. Twenty-two of the projects are completed. Case
studies are available in four separate volumes:

Remediation Case Studies: Bioremediation
Remediation Case Studies: Groundwater Treatment
Remediation Case Studies: Soil Vapor Extraction
Remediation Case Studies: Thermal Desorption,
Soil Washing, and In Situ Vitrification

Exhibit 1 lists the case studies contained in each report,
with the contaminants and matrix addressed, the quantity
or volume of material treated, and the duration of the
project. Each case study is 10-30 pages long and docu-
ments project design, operation, performance, cost, and
lessons learned. Graphics include concentration distribu-
tion, site stratigraphy, and treatment schematics.

Abstracts of Remediation Case Studies
This document contains 2-page abstracts of all 37 cleanup
case study reports. Each abstract describes the site and
waste treated, waste source, technology, period of opera-
tion, technology vendor, technology description, contami-
nants and media treated, regulatory requirements, sum-
mary of performance and cost, points of contact, and the
significance of the application.
Guide to Documenting Cost and Performan
-------
Exhibit 1. Summary of Remediation Case Studies
Site Name, State
Technology
Contaminants
Media (Quantity)
Project Duration
Remediation Case Studies: Cloremcdlallon
Brown Wood Preserving Superfund Site, FL
Eielson Air Force Base, AK
French Ltd. Superfund Site, TX
Hill Air Force Base, Site 280, UT
Hill Air Force Base, Site 914, UT*
Lowry Air Force Base, CO
Lowry Air Force Base, CO
Scott Lumber Company Superfund Site, MO
Umatilla Army Depot Activity, OR j
Land treatment
Bioventing
Slurry-phase bioremediation
Bioventing
Bioventing preceded by SVE
Bioventing
Land treatment
Land treatment
Composting
PAHs
BTEX/IPH
BTEX, PAHs, and
Chlorinated Aliphatic]*
F
BTEX/TPH (
BTEX/IPH !
BTEX/IPH '
BTEX/IPH j
PAHs j
TNT/RDX/HMX j
Soil (8,100 yd')
Soil (not available)
Soil and sludge (300,000 tons)
Soil (not available)
Soil (5,000 yd5)
Soil (not available)
Soil (not available)
Soil (15,916 tons)
Soil (224 yd3)
12/89-7/90
Operational since 7/91
1/92-11/93
Operational since 12/90
10/88 - 12/90
Operational since 8/92
Operational since 7/92
12/89 - 9/91
5/92-11/92
1
Remediation Case Studies: Groundwater Treatment j
Amcor Precast, UT
Amoco Petroleum Pipeline, MI
Ft. Drum, Fuel Dispensing Area 1595, NY
Langley Air Force Base, IRP Site 4, VA
Lawrence Livennore National Laboratory Gasoline Spill Site, CA
McClellan Air Force Base, Operable Unit B/C, CA
McClellan Air Force Base, Operable Unit D, CA
Twin Cities Aimy Ammunition Plant, MN
U.S. Department of Energy Kansas City Plant, MO
U.S. Department of Energy Savannah River Site, A/M Area, SC
U.S. Department of Energy Savannah River Site, A/M Area, SC
In situ density-driven sparging
GW extraction w/GAC
GW extraction w/air stripping and GAC
GW extraction w/air stripping
In situ dynamic underground stripping
GW extraction w/air stripping
GW extraction w/air stripping
GW extraction w/air stripping
GW extraction w/advanced oxidation
processes
GW extraction w/air stripping
hi situ air stripping
BTEX/IPH j
BTEXAPH
BTEX7IPH
BTEX/TPH
BTEX/TPH
Chlorinated Aliphatics
]
i
Chlorinated Aliphatics'
Chlorinated Aliphatics;
i
Chlorinated Aliphatics
Chlorinated Aliphatics
Chlorinated Aliphatics
Soil (not available)
Groundwater (not available)
Groundwater (775 million
gallons in 5 years)
Groundwater (not available)
Groundwater (not available)
Groundwater (not available)
Groundwater (660 million
gallons in 7 years)
Groundwater (not available)
Groundwater (1.4 billion gallons
' 10/91 - 9/92)
Groundwaler (11.2 million
gallons in 1993)
Groundwater (198 million
gallons per year)
Groundwater (not available)
Soil (not available)
3/92 - 9/93
Operational since 10/88
Operational since 2/92
Operational since 7/92
11/92-12/93
Operational since 1988
Operational since 1987
Operational since 10/87
Operational since 5/88
Operational since 9/85
Operational since 7/90
-------
Site Name, State
Technology
Contaminants
Media (Quantity)
Remediation Case Studies: Soil Vapor Extraction
Commencement Bay, South Tacoma Channel Well 12A Superfund
Site, WA
Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation Superfund Site, CA
Hastings Groundwater Contamination Superfund Site, Well Number 3
Subsite, NE
Hill Air Force Base, Site 914, UT*
Luke Air Force Base, North Fire Training Area, AZ
McClellan Air Force Base, Operable Unit D, Site S, CA
Rocky Mountain Arsenal Superfund Site (Motor Pool Area - Operable
Unit #18), CO
Sacramento Army Depot Superfund Site, Tank 2 (Operable Unit #3),
CA
SMS Instruments Superfund Site, NY
Verona Well Field Superfund Site (Thomas Solvent Raymond Road -
Operable Unit #1), MI
SVE w/product recovery
SVE w/GAC
SVE w/GAC
SVE w/catalytic oxidation followed by
bioventing
SVE w/thermal oxidizer
SVE w/catalytic oxidizer and scrubber
SVE w/product recovery and GAC
SVE w/GAC
SVE w/catalytic incineration and
scrubbing
SVE w/catalytic oxidation and GAC
Chlorinated Aliphatics
Chlorinated Aliphatics
Chlorinated Aliphatics
BTEX/IPH
BTEX/IPH
Chlorinated Aliphatics
Chlorinated Aliphatics
Chlorinated and Non-
chlorinated Aliphatics
Chlorinated and Non-
chlorinated Aliphatics
Chlorinated and Non-
chlorinated Aliphatics
Soil (98,203 yd3)
Soil (42,000 yd3)
Soil (185,000 yd3)
Soil (5,000 yd3)
Soil (not available)
Soil (not available)
Soil (34,000 yd3)
Soil (650 yd3)
Soil (1,250 yd3)
Soil (26,700 yd3)
Remediation Case Studies: Thermal Desorption, Soil Washing, and In Situ Vitrification
Anderson Development Company Superfund Site, MI
King of Prussia Technical Corporation Superfund Site, NJ
McKin Superfund Site, ME
Outboard Marine Corporation Superfund Site, OH
Parsons Chemical/ETM Enterprises Superfund Site, MI
Pristine, Inc. Superfund Site, OH
T H Agriculture & Nutrition Company Superfund Site, GA
Wide Beach Development Superfund Site, NY
Thermal desorption
Soil washing
Thermal desorption
Thermal desorption
In situ vitrification
Thermal desorption
Thermal desorption
Thermal desorption w/dehalogenation
MBOCA and PAHs
Heavy Metals (Cr, Cu, Ni)
BTEX/PAHs
PCBs
Pesticides, Heavy Metals,
— and Dicxins
BTEX, PAHs, Pesticides,
Dioxins, and Chlorinated
Aliphatics
Pesticides
PCBs
Soil (5,100 tons)
Soil and sludge (19,200 tons)
Soil (11, 500 yd3)
Soil and sediment (12,755 tons)
Soil (3,000 yd3)

Soil (12,800 tons)
Soil (4,300 tons)
Soil (42,000 tons)
Project Duration

Operational since 8/92
1/89 - 4/90
6/92 - 7/93
10/88 - 12/90
10/90 - 12/92
Operational since 1993
7/91 - 12/91
8/92 - 1/93
5/92 - 10/93
3/88 - 5/92

1/92 - 6/93
6/93 - 10/93
7/86 - 4/87
1/92 - 6/92
5/93 - 5/94

11/93-3/94
7/93 - 10/93
10/90 - 9/91
*One case study report on both bioventing and SVE at Hill Air Force Base, Site 914.
Key:
GW - Groundwater
GAC - Granular Activated Carbon
SVE - Soil Vapor Extraction
BicX - Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene
TPH - Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons
PAHs - Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons
PCBs - Polychlorinated Biphenyls
TNT - 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene
RDX - Hexahydro-l,3,5-trinitro-l,3,5-triazine
HMX - Octahydro-l,3,5,7-tetranitro-l,3,5,7-tetrazocine
-------
Ordering Instructions
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Information (NCEPI). To order, mail or fax the completedform below to: U.S. EPA/National Center for Environmental Publications
and Information, P.O. Box 42419, Cincinnati, OH 45242, or FAX requests to (513) 489-8695.
Title
Abstracts of Remediation Case Studies [106pp]
Guide to Documenting Cost and Performance for Remediation Projects [64pp]
Number Price
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Name.
.Date.
Please Send
Organization.

Address
City/State/Zip.
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The following documents are available by calling the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) at 703-487-4650 or writing
them at: National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161
Title
Remediation Case Studies: Bioremediation
Remediation Case Studies: Groundwater Treatment
Remediation Case Studies: Soil \&por Extraction
Remediation Case Studies: Thermal Desorption, Soil Washing,
and In Situ Vitrification
Remediation Case Studies: Four Document Set
Number
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Price*
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Other Federal Remediation Technology Roundtable (FRTR) documents available from NTIS:

Title
Accessing Federal Databases for Contaminated Site Clean-Up Technologies (3rd Edition)
Federal Publications on Alternative and Innovative Treatment Technologies for
Corrective Action and Site Remediation (3rd Edition)
Synopses of Federal Demonstrations of Innovative Site Remediation Technologies
(3rd Edition)
Remediation Technologies Screening Matrix and Reference Guide (2nd Edition)
Number
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PB94-144557

PB94-144565
PB95-104782
Price*
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SITE Subjects
INNOVATIVE MEMBRANE REMOVES
CONTAMINANTS FROM LIQUIDS
By Douglas Grosse, EPA National Risk Management Research Laboratory
VOC's, Organic^
Carbon,

Membrane
Leachate
The SITE (Superfund Innovative
Technology Evaluation) Program
evaluated the Disc Tube Module
(DTM), developed by Rochem
Separation Systems, Inc., at the
Central Landfill in Johnston, Rhode
Island. The DTM is an innovative
, membrane separation process that
removes contaminants from liquid
hazardous waste streams. The pat-
ented DTM can be the primary
treatment for waste streams such as
landfill leachate. Traditionally,
membrane separation processes have
been used as a secondary or polish-
ing step in waste treatment schemes
rather than as primary treatment.
However, the DTM is designed to
treat waste that is higher in dissolved
solids' content, turbidity and con-
taminant levels than waste treated
by conventional membrane separa-
tion processes. The patented DTM
features larger feed flow channels
and a higher feed flow velocity than
other membrane separation systems.
Membrane material for the DTM
is formed into a cushion with a po-
rous spacer material on the inside.
The membrane cushions are alter-
nately stacked with hydraulic discs
on a tension rod. The hydraulic
discs support the membranes and
provide flow channels to pass the
feed liquid over the membranes.
After passing through the mem-
brane material, permeate flows
through permeate collection chan-
nels to a product recovery tank. A
stack of cushions and discs is housed
in a pressure vessel. Flanges seal the
ends of the module in the pressure
vessel and provide the feed water in-
put and the product and the reject
output connections. The number of
discs per module, number of mod-
ules and the membrane materials
can be custom designed to suit the
application. Modules are typically
combined in a treatment unit or
stage. The DTM technology can use
reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration or
microfiltration membrane materials.
The membranes are more permeable
to water than to contaminants or im-
purities. The percentage of water
that passes through the membranes
is a function of the operating pres-
sure, membrane type and concentra-
tion of the contaminants.
For the SITE demonstration, ap-
proximately 33,000 gallons of haz-
ardous landfill leachate were treated
by the DTM using reverse osmosis
membranes. The leachate contained
chlorobenzene and 1,2-dichloroben-
zene at average concentrations of 21
milligrams per Liter (mg/L) and 16
mg/L, respectively, and lower levels
of toluene, xylenes and ethylbenzene;
total organic carbon at an average
concentration of 460 mg/L; low lev-
els of heavy metals ranging from 1.4
mg/L for barium to 48 mg/L for
iron to 710 mg/L for sodium; and
total dissolved solids at an average
concentration of 4,900 mg/L. For
treatment of this waste, a three-stage
DTM process was utilized. Two
stages in a series treated the landfill
leachate and produced the final per-
meate. The third stage was a high
pressure unit (HPU) which further
treated the concentrate rejected by
the first stage to increase the system
water recovery. Media and cartridge
filters were built into each unit to re-
move suspended particulates, and
acid was added at the first stage and
at the HPU for pH control.
The percentages of rejections were
greater than the test criteria of: 99%
for total dissolved solids; 92% for to-
tal organic carbon; and 99% for all
target metals. In addition, the aver-
age percentage rejection for volatile
organic compound was greater than
the test criteria of 90%. The average
water recovery rate for the DTM
technology during the demonstration
was approximately 75%, which met
the test criteria.
For more information, call Doug
Grosse at EPA s National Risk Man-
agement Research Laboratory at 513-
569-7844. An Innovative Technology
Evaluation Report, due August 1995,
will present key findings from the dem-
onstration., including complete analyti-
cal results, baseline test results and an
economic analysis.

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issues of both TECH TRENDS and
GROUND WATER CURRENTS.
To order copies of these back issues,
contact our repository, the National
Center for Environmental Publications
(NCEPI). You can order by FAX
(513-489-8695) or by mail (NCEPI,
P.O. Box 42419, Cincinnati, OH
45242-2419). Please refer to the
Document Numbers when ordering.
The Document Number for TECH
TRENDS is: EPA-542-E-95-001.
The Document Number for
GROUND WATER CURRENTS
IS: EPA-542-E-95-002.

CONFERENCE ALERT

Don't miss the Southeast Remediation
Marketplace Business Opportunities
for Innovative Technologies, July 20-
21,1995, in Atlanta Georgia. This
conference will provide opportunities
for developers and vendors of innova-
tive treatment technologies to explore
new business and expand user markets.
Call 800-783-3870 for more informa-
tion, j
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(continued from page 1)

The TDS layout is flexible and facili-
tates the rearrangement or addition of
process equipment, as required. This
permits Maxymillian Technologies to
customize operations based on site-spe-
cific combinations of media and pol-
lutants. It is transportable and is
monitored and controlled by a com-
puter-based data acquisition system.
The TDS is capable of handling a vari-
ety of solid waste types including, soil,
sediment and sludge.
Maxymillian Technologies treated
approximately 1,500 tons of waste dur-
ing the SITE demonstration and an
additional 6,600 tons during other
tests at Harbor Point outside the scope
of this SITE project. All 8,100 tons of
treated materials have met special site-
specific New York State Department
of Environmental Conservation treat-
ment standards and are currently
stockpiled onsite. The process does
generate some residuals that require
further treatment; as such, the technol-
ogy should not be considered entirely
stand-alone.
For more information, call Ron Lewis
atEPA's HationalRisk Management Re-
searchLaboratory at 513-569-7856. A
SITE Technology Capsule, (Document
No. EPAI540lR-94l507a) describing the
demonstration in more detail can be
ordered by calling 513-569-7562.
(continued from page 2)

leaching tests. The SITE Program
Manager is Chien Chen at 908-906-
6985.
Powerful Green International, Inc.
has a proprietary surfactant to be used
in a soil washing system to remediate
soil contaminated with petroleum hy-
drocarbons. There are two SITE dem-
onstration needs in regard to this tech-
nology. First, the developer is seeking
an appropriate soil washing system to
demonstrate the effectiveness of the
surfactant. Second, the SITE program
is searching for a demonstration site.
The SITE Program Project Manager is
Vince Gallardo at 513-569-7176.
The SITE Program is interested in
evaluating the CF Systems® Solvent
Extraction Pr~~es,s:—r^'d demon-
stration"' EPA' ''•"-.. *3>Superfurid™
Technical AssisW ^sponse Team
(START) and SITE Programs has al-
ready completed a treatability study
that determined that the solvent extrac-
tion system was effective in separating
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from
soil collected at a Superfund site. The
results of the study indicated that 98%
removal of PCBs was achieved for the
test runs using three extraction cycles.
Results further indicated that the num-
ber of extraction cycles required for at-
taining the lowest concentrations of
PCBs in product solids was greater
than three but less than or equal to
five. The SITE Program Project Man-
ager is Mark Meckes at 513-569-
7348.
The University of Dayton Research
Institute has developed a novel photo-
chemical process embodied in a device
called a Photothermal Detoxification
Unit (PDU) which offers an efficient
means of destroying hazardous organic
wastes. The PDU overcomes the
problems of slow reaction rates and in-
complete destruction of hazardous ma-
terials often associated with photo-
chemical waste reduction. Organic
compounds which efficiently absorb
near ultra-violet (UV) radiation are
relatively easily destroyed by the
photohermal process. Toxic organic
compounds wKbse moleculaf'strucfufe"
includes alkene or aromatic structures
(i.e., chlorinated alkenes, chlorinated
aromatics, chlorinated dibenzo-p-diox-
ins, etc.) are likely to absorb the near
UV radiation which is necessary for
the photothermal detoxification pro-
cess. Molecules which only weakly ab-
sorb near-UV radiation (i.e. alkanes
and chloroalkanes) may require deep
UV sources such as low pressure mer-
cury lamps. The SITE Program
Project Manager is Chien T. Chen at
908-906-6985.
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EPA 542-N-95-003
June 1995
Issue No. 20
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