Wednesday
January 6, 1999
Part IV



Environmental

Protection Agency

40 CFR Part 68
Accidental Release Prevention
Requirements; Risk Management
Programs Under Clean Air Act Section
112(r)(7), Amendments; Final Rule

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Federal  Register/Vol.  64,  No. 3/Wednesday, January 6, 19997Rules and Regulations
 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
 AGENCY

 40 CFR Part 68
 [FRL-6214-9]
 RIN 205Q-AE46

 Accidental Release Prevention
 Requirements; Risk Management
 Programs Under Clean Air Act Section
 112(r){7); Amendments
 AGENCY: Environmental Protection
 Agency (EPA).
 ACTION: Final rule.

 SUMMARY: This action modifies the   '
 chemical accident prevention rule
 codified in 40 CFR Part 68. The
 chemical accident prevention rule
 requires owners and operators of
 stationary sources subject to the rule to
 submit a risk management plan (RMP)
 by June 21. 1999. to a central location
 specified by EPA. In this action, EPA is
                          amending the rule to: add four
                          mandatory and five optional RMP data
                          elements, establish specific procedures
                          for protecting confidential business
                          information when submitting RMPs,
                          adopt the government's use of a new
                          industry classification system, and make
                          technical corrections and clarifications
                          to Part 68. However, as stated in the
                          proposed rule for these amendments,
                          this action does not address issues
                          concerning public access to offsite
                          consequence  analysis data in the RMP.
                          DATES: The rule is effective February 5,
                          1999.
                          ADDRESSES: Supporting material used in
                          developing the  proposed rule and final
                          rule is contained in Docket A-98-08.
                          The docket is available for public
                          inspection and  copying between 8:00
                          a.m. and 5:30 p.m., Monday through  '
                          Friday (except government holidays) at
                          Room 1500, 401 M Street SW,
                          Washington, DC 20460. A reasonable fee
                          may be charged for copying.
 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Sicy
 Jacob or John Ferris, Chemical
 Emergency Preparedness and
 Prevention Office, Environmental
 Protection Agency (5104), 401 M Street
 SW, Washington, DC 20460, (202) 260-
 7249 or (202) 260-4043, respectively; or
 the Emergency Planning and
 Community Right-to-Know Hotline at
 800-424-9346 (in the Washington, DC
 metropolitan area, (703) 412-9810). You
 may wish to  visit the Chemical
 Emergency Preparedness and
 Prevention Office (CEPPO) Internet site,
 at www.epa.gov/ceppo.

 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION :

 Regulated Entities

   Entities potentially regulated by this
 action are those stationary sources that
 have more than a threshold quantity of
 a regulated substance in a process.
 Regulated categories and entities
 include:
                Category
                                                     Examples of regulated entities
Chemical Manufacturers
Polroloum ,„........	,
Other Manufacturing
Agriculture	,
Public Sources	
Ulililies .,.,	..........
Olhor ...,.„.,	
Federal Sources .......
                           Basic chemical manufacturing, petrochemicals, resins, agricultural chemicals, Pharmaceuticals,
                             paints, cleaning compounds.                                       .
                           Refineries.                   ,      %
                           Paper, electronics, semiconductors, fabricated metals, industrial machinery, food processors.
                           Agricultural retailers.
                           Drinking water and waste water treatment systems.
                           Electric utilities.
                           Propane retailers and users, cold storage, warehousing, and wholesalers.
                           Military and energy installations.
  This table is not meant to be
exhaustive, but rather provides a guide
for readers to indicate those entities
likely to be regulated by this action. The
table lists entities EPA is aware of that
could potentially be regulated by this
action. Other entities not listed in the
table could also be regulated. To
determine whether a stationary source is
regulated by this action, carefully
examine the provisions associated with
the list of substances and thresholds
under § 68.130 and the applicability
criteria under § 68.10. If you have
questions regarding applicability of this
action to a particular entity, consult the
hotline or persons listed in the
preceding FOR FURTHER INFORMATION
CONTACT section.
Table of Contents
I, Introduction and Background
  A, Statutory Authority
  B, Background
II, Summary of the Final Rule
HI, Discussion of Issues
  A.NAICSCodes
  B. RMP Data Elements
  C, Prevention Program Reporting
  D. Confidential Business Information
  E. Other Issues
                            F. Technical Corrections
                          IV. Section-by-Section Discussion of the
                             Final Rule
                          V. Judicial Review
                          VI. Administrative Requirements
                            A. Docket
                            B. Executive Order 12866
                            C. Executive Order 12875
                            D. Executive Order 13045
                            E. Executive Order 13084
                            F. Regulatory Flexibility
                            G. Paperwork Reduction
                            H. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
                            I. National Technology Transfer and
                             Advancement Act
                            J. Congressional Review Act

                          I. Introduction and Background

                          A. Statutory Authority

                            These amendments are being
                          promulgated under sections 112(r) and
                          301 (a) (1) of the Clean Air Act (CAA) as  .
                          amended (42 U.S.C. 7412(r), 7601(a)(l)).

                          B. Background

                            The 1990 CAA Amendments added
                          section 112(r) to provide for the
                          prevention and mitigation of accidental
                          chemical releases. Section 112(r)
                          mandates that EPA promulgate a list of
                          "regulated substances," with threshold
quantities. Processes at stationary
sources that contain a threshold
quantity of a regulated substance are
subject to accidental release prevention
regulations promulgated under CAA
section 112(r)(7). EPA promulgated the
list of regulated substances on January
31, 1994 (59 FR 4478) (the "List Rule")
and the accidental release prevention
regulations creating the risk
management program requirements on
June 20, 1996 (61 FR 31668) (the "RMP
Rule"). Together, these two rules are
codified as 40 CFR Part 68.  EPA
amended the List Rule on August 25,
1997  (62 FR 45132), to change the listed
concentration of hydrochloric acid. On
January 6, 1998 (63 FR 640), EPA
amended the List Rule to delist Division
1.1 explosives (classified by DOT), to
clarify certain provisions related to
regulated flammable substances and to
clarify the transportation exemption. ;
  Part 68 requires that sources with
more  than a threshold quantity of a
regulated substance in a process
develop and implement a risk
management program that includes a
five-year accident history, offsite
consequence analyses, a prevention

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               Federal  Register/Vol. 64,'No. 3/Wednesday, January 6, 1999/RuIes  and Regulations
                                                                        965
   program, and an emergency response
   program. In Part 68, processes are
   divided into three categories (Programs
   1 through 3). Processes-that have no
   potential impact on the public in the
   case of accidental releases have minimal
   requirements (Program 1). Processes in
   Programs 2 and 3 have additional
   requirements based on the potential for
   offsite consequences associated with the
   worst-case accidental release and their-
   accident history. Program 3 is also
   triggered if the processes are subject to
 :  OSHA's Process Safety Management
   (PSM) Standard. By June 21, .1999,
,  sources must submit to a location
   designated by EPA, a risk management •
   plan (RMP) that summarizes their.
   implementation of the risk management
   program.
    When EPA promulgated the risk
   management program regulations, it
   stated that it intended to work toward
   electronic submission  of RMPs. The    :
  Accident Prevention Subcommittee of
 '  the CAA Advisory Committee convened
   an Electronic Submission Workgroup to
  examine technical and practical issues
   associated with creating a national
   electronic repository for RMPs. Based
   oh workgroup recommendations, EPA is
   in the process of developing two
  systems, a user-friendly PC-based
  submission system  (RMP*Submit) and a
  database of RMPs (RMP*Info).
    The Electronic Submission
  Workgroup also recommended that EPA
  add some mandatory and optional data
 •-. elements to the RMP. and asked EPA to
  clarify how confidential business
  information (CBI) submitted in the RMP
  would be handled. Based on these
  recommendations and requests for
  clarifications, EPA proposed
  amendments to Part 68 on April 17,
   1998 (63 FR 19216). These amendments
  proposed to replace the use of Standard
  Industrial Classification (SIC) codes
  with the North American Industry  ,
  Classification System (NAICS) codes,
  add four mandatory data elements to the
  RMP, add five optional data elements to •
  the  RMP, establish specific
  requirements for submission of
  information claimed CBI, and make
  technical corrections and clarifications
  to the rule. EPA received 47 written
  comments on the proposed rule,
  Today's rule reflects EPA's
  consideration of all comments; major
  issues raised by commenters and EPA's
  responses are discussed in Section III of
  this preamble. A summary of all
  comments submitted and EPA's
  responses can be found in a document
  entitled, Accidental Release Prevention
  Requirements; Risk Management
  Programs Under Clean Air Act Section
  112(r)(7); Amendments: Summary and
 Response to Comments, in the Docket
 (see ADDRESSES).
 II. Summary of the Final Rule

 NAICS Codes     .
   On January. 1, 1997, the U.S.     •
 Government, in cooperation with the
 governments of Canada and Mexico,
 adopted a new industry classification
 system, the North American Industry '
 Classification System (NAICS); to
 replace the Standard Industrial
 Classification (SIC) codes (April 9,  1997,
 62 FR 17288). The applicability of some
 Part 68 requirements (i.e., Program 3
 prevention requirements) is determined,
 in part, by SIC codes, and Part 68 also
 requires the reporting of SIC codes in
 the RMP. Therefore, EPA is revising Part
 68 to replace all references to  "SIC
 code" with "NAICS code." In addition,
 EPA is replacing, as proposed, the nine
 SIC codes subject to Program 3'
 prevention program requirements with
 ten NAICS codes, as follows:
 NAICS  Sector'   .        '"          ,   •
 32211. Pulp mills       '
 32411  Petroleum refineries      •
 32511  Petrochemical manufacturing
 325181" Alkalies and chlorine
 32.5188  All other inorganic chemical
    manufacturing
 325192  Other cyclic crude and intermediate
    manufacturing ,        .
 325199- All other basic organic chemical
    manufacturing
 325211  Plastics and resins  " "
 325311  Nitrogen fertilizer
 32532  Pesticide and other agricultural
    chemicals' '
 NAICS codes are either five or six digits,'
 depending on the degree to which the
 sector is subdivided.,

'RMP Data Elements
   As proposed, EPA is adding four new
 data elements to the RMP: latitude/
 longitude method and description, CAA
Title V permit number, percentage.
weight of a toxic substance in  a liquid
mixture, and NAICS code for each
process that had an accidental release'
reported in the five-year accident
history. EPA is also adding five optional
data elements: local emergency
planning committee (LEPC) name,
source or parent company e-mail
address, source homepage address,
phone number at the source for public
inquiries, and status under OSHA's
Voluntary Protection Program (VPP).

Prevention Program Reporting
   EPA is not revising Sections 68.170
and 68.175 as proposed. Prevention
program reporting, therefore, will not be
changed to require a prevention
program for each portion of a process for
which a Process Hazard Analysis (PHA)
  or hazard review was conducted.
  Instead, EPA plans to create functions
  within RMP*Subrriit to provide
  stationary sources with a flexible way "of '
  explaining the scope and content of
"each prevention program 'they
  implement at their facility:'
  Confidential Business, Information
  \ EPA is clarifying how confidential
  business information (CBI) submitted in
  the RMP will.be handled. EPA has
  determined that the information
  required by certain RMP data elements
,  does not meet the criteria for CBI and
  therefore may not be claimed as such.
  The Agency is also requiring submission
  of substantiation at the time a CBI claim
'  is filed. •
   Finally, EPA is promulgating several
  of the technical corrections and
  clarifications, as proposed in the
  Federal Register, April 17, 1998 (63 FR
  19216)'.
  IH. Discussion of Issues
   EPA received 47 comments on the
  proposed rule. The commenters
  included chemical manufacturers,
  petroleum refineries, environmental
  groups, trade associations, a state
  agency, and members of the public. The
  major issues raised by commenters are
  addressed briefly below. The Agency's
•  complete response to comments
  received on this rulemaking is available
  in the docket (see ADDRESSES). The
  document is titled Accidental Release
  Prevention Requirements; Risk
  Management Programs Under Clean Air
  ActSection 112(r)(7); Amendments:
  Summary and Response to Comments.
  A. NAICS Codes             !
   Two commenters asked that sources
  be given the option to use either SIC
 codes or NAICS codes, or both, in their
  initial RMP because the NAICS system
  is new and may not be familiar to
 sources. EPA disagrees with this
 suggestion. EPA intends to provide
 several outreach mechanisms to assist
 sources in identifying their new NAICS
 code. RMP*Submit will provide a "pick
 list" that will make it easier for sources •
 to find the appropriate code. Also,
 selected NAICS codes areJncluded in
 the General Guidance for Risk
 Management Programs (July 1998) and
 in the industry-specific guidance
 documents that EPA is developing. EPA
 will also utilize the Emergency Planning
 and Community Right-to-Know Hotline
 at 800-424-9346(or 703-412-9810) and
 its web site at www.epa.gov/ceppo/, to
 assist sources in determining the
 source's NAICS codes. EPA also notes
 that the Internal Revenue Servibe is
 planning to require businesses to

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Federal  Register/Vol. 64, No.  3/Wednesday, January  6,.  1999/Rules and  Regulations
 provide hlAICS-based activity codes on
 their 1998 tax returns, so many sources
 will have become familiar with their.
 NAICS codes by the June 1999 RMP
 deadline,
   EPA believes it is necessary and
 appropriate to change from SIC codes to
 NAICS codes at this time. EPA
 recognizes that NAICS codes were
 developed for statistical purposes by the
 Office of Management and Budget
 (OMB). In the notice of April 9. 1997 (62
 FR 17288) OMB stated that the "(u]se of
 NAICS for nonstatistical purposes (e.g.,
 administrative, regulatory, or taxation)
 will be determined by the agency or
 agencies that have chosen to use the SIC
 for nonstatistical purposes." EPA has
 determined  that NAICS is appropriate in
 this rule for several reasons. First, the
 reason the SIC codes were replaced by
 NAICS codes is because the SIC codes
 no longer accurately represent today's
 Industries. The SIC codes .will become
 more obsolete over time because OMB
 will no longer be supporting the SIC
 codes; therefore, no new or modified
 SIC codes will be developed to reflect
 future changes in industries. Second, as
 the SIC codes become obsolete, most
 users of SIC codes will likely change to
 NAICS codes over time, so future data
 sharing and  consistency will be
 enhanced by use of NAICS codes in the.
 RMP program. Third, through this
 rulemaking process, EPA has analyzed
 specific conversions of SIC codes to
 NAICS codes for the RMP program and
 w^s able to identify NAICS codes that
 were applicable to fulfilling the
 purposes of this rule. Finally, because
 the RMP reporting requirement is new,
 it is reasonable to begin the program
 with NAICS codes now ratherthan
 converting to them later.
  Three commenters expressed support
 for the ten NAICS codes that EPA
 proposed to  use in place of the nine SIC
 codes referenced in section 68.10(d)(l)
 of Part 68 and one commenter partially '
 objected. Section 68.10(d)(l) provides
 that processes in the referenced codes
 ar£ subject to Program 3 requirements (if
 not eligible for Program 1). One
 commenter objected to EPA's proposal
 to replace the SIC code for pulp and
 paper mills with only the NAICS code
 for pulp mills that do not also produce
 paper or paperboard. The commenter
 asked EPA to reexamine the accident
 history of paper and paperboard mills.
 As discussed in the preamble of the
 proposed rule, EPA reviewed the
 accident history data prior to proposing
 the new NAICS codes. Neither facilities
 that classify  themselves as paper mills
 (NAICS Code 322121) nor paperboard
mills (NAICS code 32213) met the
accident history criteria that EPA used
                          to select industrial sectors for Program
                          3.
                           EPA notes that a pulp process at a
                          paper or a paperboard mill may still be
                          subject to Program 3 as long as the
                          process contains more than a threshold
                          quantity of a regulated substance and is
                          not eligible for Program 1. Section
                          68.10(d)(l) uses industrial codes to
                          classify processes, not facilities as a
                          whole. Since section 68.10(d)(l) will
                          continue to list the code for pulp mills,
                          pulpmaking processes will continue to
                          be subject to Program 3. In addition,
                          under section 68.10 (d) (2), paper
                          processes will be in Program 3 (unless
                          eligible for Program 1) if they are subject
                          to OSHA's Process Safety Management
                          (PSM) standard. Most pulp and paper
                          processes are, in fact, subject to this
                          standard.
                           One commenter objected to assigning
                          NAICS codes to a process rather than
                          the source as a whole. EPA first notes
                          that the requirement to assign a SIC
                          code to a process was adopted in the
                          original RMP rulemaking two years ago.
                         Today's rule does not change that
                         requirement except to substitute NAICS
                         for SIC codes. In any event, EPA is
                         today modifying Part 68 to clarify that
                         sources provide the NAICS code that
                          "most closely corresponds to the
                         process." EPA believes that assigning an
                         industry code to~a process will help
                          implementing agencies and the public
                         understand what the covered process
                         does; using the code makes it possible
                         to provide this information without
                         requiring a detailed explanation from
                         the source. In addition, the primary
                         NAICS code for a source as a whole may
                         not reflect the activity of the covered
                         process.
                         B. RMP Data Elements
                           EPA proposed to add, as optional
                         RMP data elements: local emergency
                         planning committee (LEPC), source (or
                         parent compainy) E-mail address, source
                         homepage address, phone number at the
                         source for public inquiries, and OSHA
                         Voluntary Protection Program (VPP)
                         status. EPA also proposed to add, as
                         mandatory data elements: method and
                         description of latitude/longitude, Title
                         V permit number, percent weight of a
                         toxic substance in a liquid mixture, and
                         NAICS code (only in the five-year
                         accident history section).
                           Commenters generally supported the
                         new optional data elements. One
                         commenter requested that the optional
                         elements be made mandatory. EPA
                         disagrees with this comment. While the
                         elements are useful, many sources
                         covered by this rule will not have e-mail
                         addresses or home pages. The RMP will
                         provide both addresses and phone
 numbers so that the public will have
 methods to reach the source. EPA has
 learned that in some areas there are no
 functioning LEPCs, therefore, at this
 time, EPA will not add this as a
 mandatory data element. However, in
 most cases, the LEPC for an area can be
 determined by contacting the local
 government or the State Emergency
 Response Commission (SERC) for which
 the area is located. Therefore, reporting
 these data elements will remain
 optional at this time.
  One commenter supported adding the
 listing of local emergency planning
 committee in the RMP data elements as
 an optional data element. The
 commenter stated that, although it is an
 optional data element, this listing will
 enhance the ability of local responders
 and emergency planners to adequately
 prepare and train for emergency events.
  Of the data elements that were
 proposed to be mandatory, one
 commenter objected to the addition of
 latitude/longitude method and
 description. The commenter stated that
 it was not clear in the proposal why the
 method and description information is
 needed. EPA is seeking latitude/
 longitude method and description in
 accordance with its Locational Data
 Policy. Several EPA regulations require
 sources to provide their latitude and
 longitude, so that EPA can more readily
 locate facilities and communicate data'
 between Agency offices. Sharing of data
 between EPA offices reduces
 duplication of information. Latitude/
 longitude method and description
 provides information needed by EPA
 offices, and other users of the data, to
 rectify discrepancies that may appear in
 the latitude and longitude information
 provided by the source under various
 EPA requirements. Documentation of
 the method by which the latitude and
 longitude are determined and a
 description of the location point
 referenced by the latitude and longitude
 (e.g., administration building) will
 permit data users to evaluate the
 accuracy of those coordinates, thus
 addressing EPA data sharing and
 integration objectives.
  EPA believes this information will
 also facilitate EPA-State coordination of
 environmental programs, including the
 chemical accident prevention rule. The
 State/EPA Data Management Program is
 a successful multi-year initiative linking
 State environmental regulatory agencies
 and EPA in cooperative action. The
Program's goals include improvements
 in data quality and data integration
based on location identification.
Therefore, as proposed, the latitude/
longitude method and description will
be added to the existing RMP data

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                Federal Register/Vol.  64,  No. 37Wednesday, January  6, .1999/Rules and Regulations
                                                                         967
,    elements. RMP*Submit will provide a
    list of methods and descriptions from
    which sources may choose.
     EPA also proposed to require that
    sources report the percentage weight
    (weight percent) of a toxic substance in
    a mixture in the offsite consequence '   ,
    analysis (OCA) and the accident history
    sections of the RMP. This information is
    necessary for user(s of RMP data to
    understand how worst case and
    alternative release scenarios have been
    modeled. EPA has decided to require
    reporting of the weight percent of toxic
    substance in a liquid mixture because
    this information is  necessary vto
    understand the volatilization rate,
    which determines the downwind
    dispersion distance of the substance.
    The volatilization rate is affected by the
    vapor pressure of the substance in the
    mixture. For example, a spill of 70
    percent hydrofluoric acid (HF) will
    volatilize more quickly than a spill of
    the same quantity of HF in a 50 percent
    solution; consequently, over a 10-
    minute period, the  70 percent solution
    will travel further. Reviewers of the
    RMP data, including local emergency
   planning committees, need to know the
   weight percent to be able to evaluate the
   results reported in the offsite
   conseq'uence analysis and the impacts
   reported in the accident history.
   Without knowing the weight percent of
   the substance in the mixture, users of
   the data may compare scenarios or
   incidents that appear to involve the
   same chemical in the same physical
   state, but in fact involve the same
   chemical held in a different physical
   state.           •         .   .
     One commenter stated-that for gas .'
   mixtures, percentage by volume (or
   volume percent) should be required to
   be reported rather than weight percent.
   In this final rule, EPA does not require
   reporting of the weight percent (or
   volume percent) of a regulated
   substance in a gas mixture. If a source
   handles regulated substances in a
   gaseous mixture (e.g., chlorine with
   hydrogen chloride), the quantity of a
   particular regulated.substance in the
   mixture is what is reported in the RMP,
   since that is what would be released'
   into the air. Its percentage weight in the
   mixture is irrelevant.
     Another commenter objected to this
   data element, claiming that it could
   result in reverse engineering and create'
   a competitive disadvantage. EPA does
   not believe that this requirement would
   create a competitive disadvantage, since
   similar information is available to the
   public under Emergency Planning and
   Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA)
   of 1986. Even so, if it were to have such
   an effect, sources can claim this element
 as CBI if it can meet the criteria for CBI •
 claims in"40 CFR Part 2. Another
 commenter stated that the public would
 be concerne'd if the percentage's did not
 add to 100, in the event that the source
 handles both regulated and non-
 'regulated substances. EPA believes that ,
 because a source must model only one
 substance in a release scenario, the
 source need not report the percentages
 of the other substances in the^mixture/
 Therefore, it is expected that the weight
 'percent for mixtures would not always
 add up to 100, because the1 mixture
 could contain non-regulated substances.
   A' third commenter suggested that
 requiring sources to report percentage
 weight of a toxic substance in a liquid
 mixture  would create confusion with
 the reporting of mixtures containing
 flammable regulated substances.
   In the  January 6, 1998 rule (63 FR '
 640), EPA clarified that flammable
 regulated substances in mixtures are
 only covered by the RMP rule if the   .
 entire mixture meets the National Fire
 Protection Association (NFPA) criteria
 of 4, thus the entire mixture becomes'
 the regulated substance. As a result, the
 percentage of flammables in  a mixture is
 not relevant under the rule and the
 requirement to report the percentage
 weight will only apply to toxic
 substances in a liquid mixture.
   Finally, in the Federal Register notice
 of June 20, 1996 (61 FR 31688), EPA
 clarified the relationship between the
 .risk management program and the air
 permit program under Title V of the
 CAA for  sources subject to both
 requirements. Under section
 502(b)(5)(A), permitting authorities
 must have the authority to assure
 compliance by all covered sources with
 each applicable CAA standard,
 regulation or requirement, including the
 regulations implementing section
 112(r)(7). Requiring sources covered by
 Title V and section 112(r) to provide
 their Title V permit number will help
 Title V permitting authorities assure
 that each source is co'mplying with the.
 RMP rule.  ,
   In summary, with the exception of
 adding the phrase "that most closely
 corresponds to the process" in sections
 68.42(b)(4), 68.160(b)(7), 68.170(b), and
 68.175(b), EPA has decided to finalize
 the optional and mandatory data  '
 elements as they were proposed.  .
 C. Prevention Program Reporting
   The  final RMP rule, issued June 20,
 1996 (61  FR 31668), requires sources to
 report  their prevention  program for each
 "process." Because the applicable
 definition of "process"  is broad,
.multiple  production and storage units
 might be a single, complex "process."
 However, the Agency realizes that some.
 elements of a source's prevention
 program for a process may not be
 applicable to every portion of the
 process. In such a situation, repdfting
 prevention program information for the
 process as a whole could be misleading
 without an explanation of which
 prevention program element applies to
 which part of the process. In order to get
 more specific,information on which
 prevention program practices apply to
 different production and storage units
 within a process, EPA proposed to
 revise the rule to 'require prevention
 program reporting for each part of the
 process for which a separate process ••
 hazard analysis (PHA) or hazard review
 was conducted. EPA further proposed
 deleting the second sentence from both
 sections 6.8.170(a) and 68.175(a), which
 presently states that, " [i] f the same
 information applies  to more than one
 covered process, the owner or operator '
 may provide the information only once,
 but shall indicate to which process the
 information applies."
•   A number of industry commenters
 objected to the proposed revisions as
 wrongly assuming that a one-to-one
 relationship exists between a prevention
 program and a PHA. The commenters
.asserted that EPA's proposed revision
 did not reflect how facilities conduct
 PHAs or implement prevention
 measures and would cause significant
 duplicate reporting, creating  '
 unnecessary extra work for facility
 personnel. One commenter .explained
 that depending on a source's
 circumstances, it might conduct a PHA
 for each production line, including all
 of its different units, or it rm'ght conduct
 a PHA for each common element of its,
 different production lines. Accordingly,
 the 'commenters claimed that EPA's
 proposal to require the owner/operator
 to submit separate prevention program
 information for every portion of a
"process covered by a PHA would result
 in multiple submissions of much of the
 same material, and would add no value
 to process safety or accidental release
 prevention. Commenters also opposed
 the deletion of the second sentence in
 sections 68.170(a) and 68.175(a). One
 commenter noted that many of the
 elements of the prevention program will
 not only be common to a process, but
will be common to an entire stationary
source. Thus commenters argued that
EPA's proposals would result in
redundant submittals and place an .
unjustified burden on the regulated
community.
  EPA acknowledges that PHAs do not
necessarily determine the scope of
prevention program measures.
Moreover, EPA agrees that duplicative

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 reporting should be reduced as much as
 possible, At the same time, EPA.
 Implementing agencies, and other users
 of RMP data need to have information
 that is detailed enough to understand
 the hazards posed by, and the safety
 practices used for, particular parts of
 processes and equipment. EPA
 recognizes that some aspects of
 prevention programs are likely to be
 implemented facility-wide, rather than
 on a process or unit basis, whereas other
 aspects may apply to a particular
 process or only to particular units
 within a process. For example, most
 sources are likely to develop an
 employee participation plan and a
 system for hot work permits facility-
 wfde. rather than on a process or unit
 basis. For sources having processes that
 include several units (e.g., multiple
 reactors of purification systems), the
 hazards, process controls, and
 mitigation systems may vary among the
 individual units. For example, one may
 have a deluge fire control system while
 another may have a runaway reaction
 quench system.
  EPA has concluded that its proposed
 changes, to prevention program
 reportingWould not lead sources to
 prepare RMPs that accurately and
 efficiently communicate the hazards
 posed by different aspects of covered
 processes and the safety practices used
 to address those hazards. The Agency
 now believes that no rule changes are
 necessary to ensure that RMPs convey
 that information. The current rule
 already requires prevention program
 reporting, and the issue has been how
 to efficiently convey that information in
 sufficient detail. EPA believes that its
 electronic program for submitting RMPs
 can be designed to provide for sufficient
 specificity in prevention program
 reporting without requiring duplicative
 reporting, In particular, the Agency
 plans to create a comment/text field in
 RMP*Submit for specifying which parts
 of a prevention program apply to which
 portions of a particular process. For
 example, if a deluge system only applies
 to a certain part of the overall process,
 the source would indicate in the
 comment/text screen the portions of the
 process to which the deluge system
 applies.
  To reduce the burden of reporting,
 EPA also plans to create a function in
 RMP*Submit which will allow a source
 to automatically copy prevention
 program data previously entered for one
 process to fill blank fields in another
 process's prevention program. The
 source could then edit any of the data
elements that are different. For example,
where the prevention programs for two
 processes are identical (e.g., two
                          identical storage tanks that are
                          considered separate processes), the
                          source could copy the data entered for
                          one to fill in the blank field for the
                          other. If some of the data elements vary
                          between the prevention programs, the
                          source will be able to autofill and
                          change only those items that vary
                          among processes or units.
                            Although the autofill option will
                          minimize the burden of reporting
                          common data elements for those  sources
                          filing electronically, EPA has decided
                          not to delete the sentence,  in both
                          sections 68.170(a) and 68.175(a), which
                          states, "[i]f the same information applies
                          to more than one covered process, the
                          owner or operator may provide the
                          information only once, but shall
                          indicate to which processes the
                          information applies ", as proposed.
                          D. Confidential Business Information
                          (CBI)
                          1. Background
                            A central element of the  chemical
                          accident prevention program as
                          established by the Clean Air Act and
                          implemented by Part 68 is  providing
                          state and local governments and the
                          public with information about the risk
                          of chemical accidents in their
                          communities and what stationary
                          sources are doing to prevent such
                          accidents. As explained in the preamble
                          to the final RMP rule (61 FR 31668, June
                          20, 1996), every covered stationary
                          source is required to develop and
                          implement a risk management program
                          and provide information about that
                          program in its RMP. Under CAA section
                          112 (r) (7) (B) (iii), a source's  RMP must be
                          registered with EPA and also submitted
                          to the Federal Chemical Safety and
                          Hazard Investigation Board ("the
                          Board"), the state in which the source
                         .is located, and any local entity
                          responsible for emergency  response or
                          planning. That section also provides
                          that RMPs "shall be available to the
                          public under section  114 (c)" of the
                          CAA. Section 114(c) gives the public
                          access to information obtained under
                          the Clean Air Act except for information
                          (other than emission data) that would
                          divulge trade secrets.
                            As noted previously, in the final RMP
                          rule EPA announced its plan to develop
                          a centralized system for submitting
                          electronic versions of RMPs that would
                          reduce the paperwork burden on  both
                          industry and receiving agencies and
                          provide ready public access to RMP
                          data. Under the system, a covered
                          source would submit its RMP on
                          computer diskette, which would be
                          entered into a central database that all
                          interested parties could access
 electronically. The system would thus
 make it possible for a single RMP
 submission to reach all interested
 parties, including those identified in
 section 112(r)(7)(B)(iii)-.'
   An important assumption underlying
 the Agency's central submission plan
 was that RMPs would rarely, if ever,
 contain confidential business
 information (CBI). Following
 publication of the final rule, concerns
 were raised that at least some of the
 information required to be reported in
 RMPs could be CBI in the case of
 particular sources. While the June 20,
 1996 rule provided for protection of CBI
 under section 114 (c) (see section
 68.210(a)), EPA was asked to address
 how CBI would be protected in the
 context of the electronic programs being
 developed for RMP submission and
 public access.
   In the April 17, 1998 proposal to
 revise the RMP rule, EPA made several
 proposals concerning protection of CBI.
 It first reviewed the information
 requirements for RMPs (sections
 68.155-185) and proposed to find that
 certain required data elements would.
 not entail divulging information that
 could meet the test for CBI set forth in
 the Agency's comprehensive CBI
 regulations at 40 CFR Part 2.2   '
 Information provided in response to
 those requirements could not be
 claimed CBI. EPA also requested
 comment on whether some information
 that might  be claimed as CBI (e.g.,
 worst-case release rate or duration)
 would.be "emission data" and thus
 publicly available under section 114(c)
 even if CBI.
   EPA administers a variety of statutes
 pertaining  to the protection of the
 environment, each with its own data
 collection requirements and
 requirements for disclosure of
 information to the public. In the
 implementation of these statutes, the
 Agency collects emission, chemical,
 process, waste stream, financial, and
 other data from facilities in many, if not
 most, sectors of American business.
 Companies may consider some of this
 information vital to their competitive
  1 It is important to note that, as discussed In
Section III. E of this preamble, this rule does not
address issues concerning public access to offsite
consequence analysis data in the RMP.
  2 Information is' CBI if (1) the business has
asserted a claim which has not expired, been
.waived, or been withdrawn; (2) the business has
shown that it has taken and will continue to take
reasonable steps to protect the information from
disclosure; (3) the information is not and has not
been reasonably obtainable by the public (other
than governmental bodies) by use of legitimate
means; (4) no statute requires disclosure of the
information; and (5) disclosure of the information
is likely to cause substantial harm to the business'
competitive position. 40 CFR section 2.208.

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               Federal  Register/Vol. 64, No. 3 / Wednesday, January 6,  1999/Rules  and  Regulations
                                                                            969
  position, and claim it as confidential
  business information (CBI).
   In the course of implementing
  statutes, the Agency may have a. need to
  communicate some or all of the
  information it collects to the public as
  the basis for a rulemaking, to its
  contractors, or in response to requests'
  pursuant to the Freedom of Information
  Act (FOIA). Information found to be CBI
  is exempt from disclosure under FOIA.
 To manage both CBI claims and FOIA
 requests, EPA has promulgated in 40
 CFR Part 2,  Subpart B~a set of  ,
 procedures for reviewing CBI claims,
 releasing information found not to be
 CBI, a'nd where authorized, disclosing
 GBI. Subpart B lists the criteria that
 information must meet in order to be
 considered CBI, as well as the special
 handling requirements the Agency must
 follow when disclosing CBI to
 authorized representatives.
   For RMP requirements that might
 entail divulging CBI, EPA proposed that
 a source be required to substantiate a
 CBI claim to EPA at the time that it
 makes the claim. Under EPA's Part 2
 regulations, a source claiming CBI
 generally is required to substantiate the
 claim only when EPA needs to make the
 information public as part of some ,
 proceeding (e.g., a rulemaking) or EPA
 receives a request from the public (e.g.,
 under the Freedom of Information Act
 (FOIA)) for the information. In view of
 the public information function of RMPs
 and the interest already expressed by
 members of the public in them, EPA
 proposed "up-front substantiation" of -
 CBI claims to ensure that information
 not meeting CBI criteria would be made
 available to the public as soon as
, possible. This approach of requiring up-
 front substantiation is the same as that
 used for trade secret claims filed under
 the Emergency Planning and
 Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA)
 of 1986.3              •
  3 Section 302 of EPCRA (codified in 40 CFR Part
355) requires any facility having more than a
threshold planning quantity of an extremely
hazardous substance (EHS) to notify its state  ,
emergency response commission (SERC) and local  „
emergency planning committee (LEPC) that the
facility is subject to emergency planning. The vast
majority of toxic substances' listed in 40 CFR
Section 68.130 were taken from .the EHS list.
Section 303 of EPCRA requires LEPCs to prepare an
emergency response plan for the community  that is
under their jurisdiction. Section 303 of EPCRA also
requires that facilities subject to section 302 shall
provide any information required by their LEPC .
necessary for developing arid implementing the
emergency plan. Section 304 of EPCRA requires an
immediate notification  of a release of an EHS or
Hazardous Substances listed in 40 CFR Section
302.4 above'a reportable quantity to state and local
entities. Section 304 also requires a written follow-
up which includes among other things, the
chemical name, quantity released and any known
or anticipated health'risks associated with the
    In addition, EPA proposed that any
 source claiming CBI submit two
 versions of its RMP; (1) a redacted
 ("sanitized"), electronic version, which
 would become part of RMP*Info, and (2)
 an unsanitized (unredacted) paper copy
 of the RMP (see proposed section
 68.151 (c)). The electronic database of
 RMPs would contain only the redacted
. version unless and until EPA ruled
 against.all or part of the source's CBI
 claim, in keeping with the Part 2
 procedures. In this way, the public
 would have access only to the'non-CBI'
 elements of sources' RMPs. EPA further
 stated that state and local agencies
 could receive the unredacted RMPs by,
 requesting them from EPA under the
 Part 2 regulations. Those regulations
 authorize EPA to provide CBI to an
 agency having implementation
• responsibilities under the CAA if the
 agency either demonstrates that it has
 the authority under state or local law to
 compel such information directly from
 the source or that it will "provide
 adequate protection to the interests of
.affected businesses" (40 CFR
 2.30 l(h) (3)).,
 .  The following sections of this
 preamble summarize and respond to the
 comments EPA received on the CBI-
 related aspects of its proposal. At the
 outset, however, EPA wants to
 emphasize that it does not anticipate  ,
 many CBI claims being made in
 connection with RMPs. The Agency
 developed the RMP data elements with
 the issue of CBI in mind. It .sought to
 define data elements that would provide
 basic information about a source's risk <
 management program without requiring
 it to reveal CBI. To have done otherwise .
would have risked creating RMPs that
were largely unavailable to the public.
EPA continues to  believe that the
required RMP data elements will rarely
require that a business divulge CBI. The
Agency will carefully monitor the CBI
claims made. If it appears that the
number of claims being made is
jeopardizing the public information
 release. Sections 311 and 312 of EPCRA (codified
 in 40 CFR Part 370) require facilities that are subject
 to OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (HCS),
 to provide information to its SEfiC, LEPC and local
 fire department. This information includes the
 hazards posed by its chemicals, and inventory
 information, including average daily amount,
 maximum quantity and general location. Section
 313 of EPCRA (codified in 40 CFR Part 372)
 requires certain facilities that are in specific
 industries (including chemical manufacturers) and
 that manufacture, process, or otherwise use a toxic
 chemical  above specified threshold amounts to
 report, among other things, the annual quantity of •
 the toxic chemical entering each environmental
 medium. Most facilities covered by CAA 112(r) are
 covered by one or more of these sections of EPCRA.
.Section 322 of EPCRA (codified-in Part 350) allows
 facilities.to claim only the chemical identity as
 trade secret.            ,
 objective of the chemical accident
 prevention program, EPA will consider
 ways of revising RMPs, including
 further rulemakings or revising the
 underlying program, to ensure that
 important health and safety information
 is-available to the public.

 2. RMP Data Elements Found Not CBI
   Fifteen commenters representing
 environmental groups and members of
 the public opposed allowing some or all
 RMP'data to be claimed as CBI in light
 of the public's interest in the ,
 information RMPs will, provide. A
 number of commenters urged EPA not
 to allow the following RMP data  •
 elements (and supporting documents) to
 be claimed as CBI:       ,     /. '  '
   «r Mitigation measures considered by
 the  firm in its offsite consequence
 analysis,                         .
   •  Major process hazards identified by
 the  firm,      "  '-               '
   •  Process controls in use,
   •  Mitigation systems in use,
   •  Monitoring and detection systems
 in use, and
   •  Changes since the last hazard
 review.
   In addition, one commenter
 contended that even chemical identity
 and quantity should be ineligible  for
 CBI protection, since the requirement to
 submit an RMP only applies to facilities
 using a few well-known, extremely
 Hazardous chemicals, and the public's
 right to know should always outweigh
 a company's claim to CBI.
   Along the same lines,  a number of
 commenters urged EPA to develop a  .
."corporate sunshine rule" that would
 allow confidentiality concerns to be
 overridden'if the protected information
 is needed by the public and experts to
 understand and assess safety issues.
 Another commenter recommended that
 a business claiming a chemical's
 identity as CBI should be required to
 provide the generic name of the
 chemical and information about its
adverse health effects so the public can
determine the potential risks.
  One commenter argued that some of
the RMP data that EPA suggested could
reveal CBI, (e.g., release rate), were not
 "emission data," because the worst case
scenario data are theoretical estimates,
and  do not represent any real emissions,.
past or present..-.
  Representatives of the chemical and
petroleum industries disagreed with
EPA's proposal to list the data elements
that  EPA believed could not reveal CBI
in any case. These commenters asserted
that  EPA could not anticipate all the
ways in which information required by
a data element might reveal CBI, and
accordingly urged the Agency to make

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  970
Federal  Register/Vol. 64, Ncx 3/Wednesday, January 6, 1999/Rules  and Regulations
  case-by-case determinations on CBI
  claims. They also contended that
  "ernlssloo data" under section 114(c)
  docs not extend to data on possible, as
  opposed to actual, emissions, and thus
  that RMP information concerning
  potential accidental releases would not
  qualify as "emission data," which must
  be made available to the public.
    As pointed out above, an important
  purpose of the chemical accident
  prevention program required by section
  112(r) is to inform the public of the risk
  of accidents in their communities and
  the methods sources are employing to
  reduce such risks. EPA therefore
  believes that as much  RMP data as
  possible should be available to the
  public as soon as possible. However,
  section 112{r)(7)(B)(iii) requires that
  RMPs be made "available to the public
  under section 114(c)," which provides
  for  protection of trade secret
  information (other than emission data).
  Given the statute's direction to protect
  whatever trade secret information is
  contained In an RMP, EPA is not
  authorized to release such information
  even when the public's need for such
  Information arguably outweighs a
  business' interest  in its confidentiality.
  The Agency also cannot issue a
  "corporate sunshine rule" that conflicts
  with existing law  requiring EPA (and
  other agencies)  to protect trade secret
  information.
    As explained above (and in more
  detail in the proposed rule), EPA
  examined each RMP data element to
  determine which would require
  information that might, depending on a
  business* circumstances, meet the CBI
  criteria set forth in EPA's regulations
  implementing section 114 (c) and other
  information-related legal requirements.
  The point of this exercise was to both
  protect potential trade secret
  Information and promote the public
  Information purpose of RMPs by
  Identifying which RMP information
  might reveal CBI in a particular case and
  by precluding CBI claims for
  information that could not reveal CBI in
  any case. EPA presented the results of
  Its analysis and an explanation of why
  certain data elements could entail the
  reporting of CBI depending on a
  business" circumstances and why others
  could not. No commenter provided any
  specific examples or explanations that
  contradicted the Agency's rationale for
  Its determinations of which data
  elements could or could not result in
  reporting of CBI,
    However, EPA is deleting from the list
  of 40 CFR Part 68.151 (b) (1) the reference
  to 40 CFR Part 68.160(b)(9), to allow for
  the possibility of the number of full-
•  time employees at the stationary source
  to be claimed as CBI. Upon further
                          review. EPA was unable to determine
                          that providing the number of employees
                          at the stationary source could never
                          entail divulging information that could
                          meet the test for CBI set forth in the
                          Agency's comprehensive CBI
                          regulations at 40 CFR Part 2. Therefore',
                          EPA has removed this element from the
                          list of data elements that can not be
                          claimed CBI in Part 68. With this
                          exception, EPA is promulgating the list
                          of RMP data elements for which CBI
                          claims are precluded, as proposed
                          (Section 68.15 l(b)).
                           EPA's justifications for its specific CBI
                          findings appear in an appendix to this
                          preamble. A more detailed analysis, of
                          all RMP data elements and CBI
                          determinations is available in the docket
                          (see ADDRESSES). The Agency continues
                          to find no reasonable basis for
                          anticipating that the listed elements will
                          in any case require a business to reveal
                          CBI that is not "emission data." The
                          information required by each of the
                          listed data elements either fails to meet
                          the criteria for CBI set forth in EPA's
                          CBI regulations at Part 2 or meets the
                          Part 2 definition of "emission data," In
                          many cases, the information is available
                          to the public through other reports filed
                          with EPA, states, or local agencies (e.g.,
                          reports required by Emergency Planning
                          and Community Right-to-Know Act
                          (EPCRA) sections 312 and 313 provide
                          general facility identification
                          information and reports of most
                          accidental releases are available through
                          several Federal databases including
                          EPA's Emergency Release Notification
                          System and Accidental Release
                          Information Program databases).
                           In order to preclude CBI'claims for
                          other data elements, the Agency would
                          have to show that the information
                          required by a data element either was
                          "emission data" under section 1 l~4(c) or
                          could not, under any circumstances,
                          reveal CBI. As explained below, EPA
                          does not believe such a showing can be
                          made for any of the data elements not
                          on the list. Therefore, CBI claims made
                          for information required by data
                          elements not on the list will be
                          evaluated on a case-by-case basis
                          according to the procedures contained
                          in 40 CFR Part 2 (except that
                          substantiation will have to accompany
                          the claims, as discussed below).
                           The Agency agrees with the
                          commenters who argued that
                          information about potential accidental
                          releases is not "emission data" under
                          section 114(c). EPA's  existing policy
                          statement (see 56 FR 7042, Feb. 21,
                          1991) on what information may be
                          considered "emission data" was
                          developed to implement sections 110
                          and 114 (a) of the CAA, which the
                          Agency generally invokes when it seeks
 to gather technical data from a source
 about its actual emissions to the air..
 While the policy is not explicitly
 limited in its scope, EPA believes it
 would be inappropriate to apply it to
 RMP data elements concerning
 hypothetical, as opposed to actual,
 releases to the air.  Under the definition
 of "emission dataV contained in Part 2,
 information is "emission data" if it is (1)
 "necessary to determine the identity,
 amount, frequency, concentration, or
 other characteristics *  *  * of any
 emission which has been emitted by the
 source,", (2) "necessary to determine the
 identity, amount, frequency,
 concentration, or other characteristics
 * *  * of the emissions which, under an
 applicable standard or limitation, the
 source was authorized to emit," or (3)
 general facility identification
 information regarding the source which
 distinguishes it from other sources (40
 CFR section 2.301 (a)(2) (i) (emphasis
 added)). Under these criteria, EPA has
 concluded that only the RMP data
 elements relating to source-level
 registration information (sections
 68.160(b)(l)-(6), (8)-(13)) and the five-
 year accident history (section 68,168)
 are "emission data." Of the RMP data
 elements, only the five-year accident
 history involves actual, past emissions
 to the environment; the other data
 elements would not, therefore, qualify
 as "emission data" under the first-prong
 of the Part 2 definition. Moreover, the
 data elements relating to a source's
 offsite consequence analysis,  prevention
 program and emergency response
 program do not attempt to identify or
 otherwise reflect "authorized"
 emissions; the data elements instead
 reflect the source's potential for
 accidental releases. Accordingly, these
 data elements would not be "emission
 data" under the second prong of the
 definition. As for the third prong, some
 of the source-level data are "emission
 data" because they help identify a
 source. Most other RMP data elements
 are reported on a process level and are
 not generally used to distinguish one
 source from another.
  The Agency believes it is unable to
 show that the remaining data elements
 could not, under any circumstances,
 reveal CBI. EPA continues to believe
 that it is theoretically possible for the
 remaining data elements (the elements
 not listed in section 68.151(b)) to reveal
 CBI either directly or through reverse
 engineering, depending on the
 circumstances of a particular case. At
 the same time, EPA believes that, in
 practice, the remaining data elements
• will rarely reveal CBI. The purpose of

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               Federal Register/Vol. 64, No. 3/Wednesday,  January  6,  1999/Rules and Regulations
                                                                         971
  the data in the RMP is for a source to
  articulate its hazards, and the steps it
  takes to prevent accidental releases. In
  general, the kinds of information
  specifying the source's hazards and risk
  management program are not likely to
  be competitively sensitive.
    In particular, covered processes at the
  vast majority of stationary sources •
  subject to the RMP rule are too common
  and well-known to support a CBI claim
  for information related to such
  processes. For example, covered public
  drinking water and wastewater
  treatment plants generally use common
  regulated substances in standard
  processes (i.e., chlorine used for  '
  disinfection). Also, covered processes at
  many sources involve the storage of
  regulated substances that the sources
  sell (e.g., propane, ammonia), so the
  processes are already public knowledge.
  Other covered processes involve the use
  of well-known combinations of
  regulated substances such as
  refrigerants. RMP information regarding
  these types of processes should  not'
  include CBI:
   Even in the case of unusual or unique
  processes, it is generally unlikely that
  RMP information could be used to
  reveal CBI through reverse engineering.
  To begin with, required RMP
  information is general enough that it is
  unlikely to provide a basis for reverse
  engineering, a process. For example, a
  source must report in its RMP whether
  overpressurization is a hazard and
.  whether relief valves are used to control
  pressure, but it is not required to report
  information on actual pressures  used,
  flow rates, chemical composition, or the
  configuration of equipment. Moreover,
  while RMP information may provide
  some data that could be used in  an
  attempt to discover CBI information
  through reverse engineering, it typically
  will not provide enough data for such
  an attempt to succeed, because the
  source is not required to provide a '  .
 detailed description of the chemistry or
 production volume of the process.
 Businesses claiming CBI based on the
 threat of reverse engineering will be
 required to show how reverse.
 engineering could in  fact succeed with
 the information that the RMP W9uld
 otherwise make public, together with
 other publicly available information. A
 business unable to do so will have its
 claim denied.
   While EPA is requiring  that a source
 claiming a chemical's identity as CBI
 provide the generic category or class
 name of the chemical, the RMP does not
 require sources to provide information
 about the adverse health effects of the
 chemical. Chemicals were included in
 the section 112(r) program because they
  are acutely toxic or flammable; health
  effects related to chronic exposure were
  not considered because they are
  addressed by other rules (see List Rule
  at 59 FR 4481). EPA believes that
  generic'names are sufficient to indicate
  the general health concerns from short-
  term exposures. Should a member of the
  public desire more information, EPA
  encourages the use of EPCRA section  •
  322(h), which provides a means for the
  public to obtain information about the
.  adverse health effects of a chemical
  covered by that statute, where the
  chemical's identity has been claimed a
  trade secret. The public will find this
  provision of EPCRA useful because most
  sources subject to the RMP rule are also
 subject to EPCRA.

  3. Up-front Substantiation of CBI Claims
   One  commenter supported the
 proposal to require CBI claims to be
 substantiated at the time they are made.
 Another commenter stated that there is
 no compelling need to require up-front
 substantiation. The commenter stated
 that up-front substantiation would place
 a sizable burden on both industry and
 EPA and would be in direct conflict
 with the Paperwork Reduction Act. The
 commenter claimed that, with the
 exception of EPCRA,  where a submitter
 is allowed to claim only one data
 element—chemical identity—as CBI, it,
 is EPA's standard procedure not to
 require submitters to provide written
 substantiation unless a record has been
 requested. Further,  the commenter
 stated that the Agency has not shown
 any reason for departing from that
•procedure in this rule.
   EPA believes that "requiring up-front
 substantiation of CBI claims made for
 RMP data has ample precedent, is fully
 consistent with the  Agency's-CBI
 regulations and the Paperwork
 Reduction Act, and is critical to
 achieving the public information
 purposes of the accident prevention
 program. EPCRA is not the only
 example of an up-front substantiation
 requirement. The Agency has also  .
 required up-front substantiation in
several  other regulatory contexts,
 including those where, like here,
 providing the public with health and
safety information is an important
objective [see e.'g., 40 CFR section
725.94,  40 CFR section 710.38, and 40
CFR section 720.85  (regulations'
promulgated under Toxic Substances
Control Act)].
   Even  under its general CBI
regulations, the Agency need not wait
for a request to release data to require
businesses to substantiate'their CBI
claims. When EPA expects to get a
request  to release data claimed
 confidential, the Agency is to initiate.
 "at the earliest practicable time" the
 regulations" procedures for making CBI
 determinations (40 CFR section '.- ,
 2.204(a)(3)). Those procedures include
 calling on affected businesses to
 substantiate their claims (see 40 CFR
. section 2.204.(e)). Since state'and local
 agencies, environmental groups;
 academics and others have already
 indicated their interest in obtaining
 complete RMP data (see comments
 received on this rulemaking, available
 in the DOCKET), EPA fully expects to
 get requests for RMP data claimed CBI.
 Consequently, even if EPA did not
 establish an up-front substantiation
 requirement in this rule, under the
 Agency's general CBI regulations it
 could require businesses claiming CBI
 for RMP data to substantiate their claims
 without first receiving a request to
 release the data. Establishing an up-
 front requirement in this rule will
 simply allow EPA to obtain
 substantiation of CBI claims without
 having to request it in every instance.
   Requiring up-front substantiation for
 RMP CBI claims is consistent with the
 Paperwork Reduction Act. Any burden
 posed by this requirement has already  -
 been evaluated as part of the
 Information Collection Request (ICR)
 associated with  this rulemaking. EPA
 disagrees that up-front substantiation
 will impose a substantial or undue
 burden. As noted above, under EPA's
 current CBI regulations, a source
 claiming CBI could and probably would
 be required to provide substantiation for
 its claim, in view of the public interest
 in RMP information. A requirement to
submit substantiation with the claim
should thus make little difference to the
source. Moreover, a source presumably
does not make any claim of CBI lightly.
Before filing a CBI claim, the source
must first determine whether the claim
meets the criteria specified in 40 CFR
section 2.208. Up-front substantiation
only requires that the source document
that  determination at the time it files its
claim. Since it would be sensible for a
source to document the basis of its CBI
claim for its own purposes (e.g., in the   •
case of a request for substantiation),
EPA expects that many sources already
prepare documentation for their CBI
claims by the time they file them. Also,
submitting substantiation at the time of
claim reduces any additional burden
later, such as reviewing the Agency's
request, retrieving the relevant
information, etc. Therefore, providing
documentation at the time of filing
should impose no additional burden.
  In  view of the public information
function of RMPs, EPA believes that up-
front substantiation is clearly warranted

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for CBI claims made for RMP data. Up-
front substantiation will ensure that
sources filing claims have carefully
considered whether the data they seek
to protect in fact meets the criteria for
protection, Given the public interest
already expressed in RMP data, EPA
expects that CBI claims for RMP data
will  have to be substantiated at some
point. Up-front substantiation will save
EPA and the public time and resources
that  would otherwise be required to
respond to each CBI claim with a
request for substantiation. EPA is
therefore promulgating the up-front
substantiation requirement as proposed.
4, State and Local Agency Access to
Unredacted RMPs
  One comrhenter objected to EPA's
statement in the proposal that it would
provide unredacted (unsanitized)
versions of the RMPs to a state and local
agency only upon meeting the criteria
required by the EPA's CBI rules at 40  •
CFR Part 2.4 The commenter, an
association of fire fighters, argued that
the Agency's position was inconsistent
with CAA section 112(r)(7)(B)(iii),
which provides that RMPs "shall... be
submitted to the Chemical Safety and
Hazard Investigation Board  [a federal
agency), to the State in which the
stationary source is located, and to any
local agency or entity having
responsibility for planning for or
responding to accidental releases which
may occur at such source ...." The
commenter claimed that this provision  •
entitles the specified entities, including
local fire departments, to receive
unredacted RMPs without having to
make the showings required by EPA's
CBI  regulations.
   EPA is not resolving this issue today.
The  Agency has reviewed the relevant
statutory text and legislative history, as
well as analogous provisions of EPCRA,
and  believes that arguments can be
made on both sides of this issue. While
section 112(r)(7)(B)(iii) calls for RMPs to
be submitted to states, local entities and
the Board, it is not clear that Congress
intended CBI contained in RMPs to be
provided to those entities without
ensuring appropriate protection of CBI.
  'Section 2,301 (h)(3) provides that a State or local
govcrnmcm may obtain CBI from EPA under two
Circumstances: (1) it provides EPA a written
opinion from its chief legal officer or counsel
Slating that the State or local agency has the
authority under applicable State or local law to
Compel Ow business to disclose the information
dh«ctly; or (2) the businesses whose information is
disclosed are Informed and the State or local
government "has shown to a EPA legal office's
sal isf.it (Ion that Its disclosure of the Information
will be governed by State or local law and by
"procedures which will provide adequate
protection to the interests of affected businesses."
                           At stake in resolving this issue are two
                           important interests—local responders'
                           interest in unrestricted access to
                           information that may be critical to their
                           safety and effectiveness in responding to
                           emergencies and businesses' interest in
                           protecting sensitive information from
                           their competitors. Before making a final
                           decision on this issue, EPA believes it
                           would benefit from further public input.
                           Because EPA stated that it would not
                           provide unredacted RMPs to states and
                           local agencies, those interested in
                           protecting CBI may not have considered
                           it necessary to lay out the legal and
                           policy arguments supporting their
                           views. State and local agencies, many of
                           which in the past have expressed
                           concern about the potential
                           administrative burden of receiving
                           RMPs directly from sources, also did not
                           comment on the issue.  EPA has
                           therefore decided to accept additional
                           comments on this issue alone.
                           (Additional comments  on any other
                           issues addressed in this rulemaking will
                           not be considered or addressed, since
                           the Agency is taking final action on
                           them here.) Comments should be mailed
                           to the persons listed in the preceding
                           FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT
                           section. In the meantime, unredacted
                           RMPs will be available to states, local
                           agencies and the Board under the terms
                           of the Agency's existing CBI regulations
                           at 40 CFR section 2.301 (h) (3) (for state
                           and local agencies) and 40 CFR section
                           2.209(c) (for the Board).
                             Section 112(r)(7)(B)(iii) states in
                           relevant part:
                             [RMPs] shall also be submitted to the
                           Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation
                           Board, to the State in which the stationary
                           source is .located, and to any local agency or
                           entity having responsibility for planning for
                           or responding to accidental releases which
                           may occur at such source, and shall be
                           available to the public under section 114(c)
                           of [the Act].
                           Section 114(c) provides for the public
                           availability of any information obtained
                           by EPA under the Clean Air Act, except
                           for information (other than emissions
                           data) that would divulge trade secrets.
                             From a public policy perspective,
                           there are some obvious advantages to
                           reading section 112(r)(7)(B)(iii) in the
                           way the commenter suggests. Local fire
                           departments and other local responders
                           are typically the first to arrive at the
                           scene of chemical accidents in their
                           jurisdictions. RMP information that first
                           responders could find helpful include
                           chemical identity, chemical quantity,
                           and potential source of an accident.
                           Under EPA's regulations, however, any
                           or all of this information could be
                           claimed CBI. In addition, state and local
                           authorities are often in the best position
to assess the adequacy of a source's risk
management program and to initiate a
dialogue with the facility should its   ,..
RMP indicate a need for improvement.
However, state and local authorities'
ability to provide this contribution to
community safety would be impeded to
the extent a source claimed key
information as CBI. While states and
local agencies may obtain information
claimed CBI under EPA's CBI
regulations (assuming they can make the
requisite showing), the time required to
obtain the necessary authority or
findings from state or local and EPA
officials could be substantial.
  At the same time, there are also public
policy reasons for ensuring protection of
CBI contained in RMPs. Congress has  in
many statutes, including the CAA and
EPCRA, provided for the protection of
trade-secrets to~safeguard the
competitive position of private
businesses. Businesses' ability to
maintain the confidentiality of trade
secrets helps ensure  competition in the
U.S. economy and U.S. businesses'
competitive position in the world
economy. Protection of trade secrets
also encourages innovation, which is an
important contributor to economic
growth.
  A reading of section 112 (r) (7) (B) (iii)
that demands submission of unredacted
RMPs to states, local entities, and.the
Board  may lead to widespread public
access to information claimed CBI. For
purposes of section 112 (r) (7) (B) (iii),
"any local agency or entity having
responsibility for planning for or
responding to accidental releases"
includes local emergency planning
committees (LEPCs)  established under
EPCRA. Section 301 (c) of EPCRA
provides that LEPCs must include
representatives from both the public and
private sectors, including the media and
facilities subject to EPCRA
requirements. Submission of an
unredacted RMP to an LEPC would thus
entail release of CBI  to some members
of the public and potentially even
competitors.5 More generally, local
agencies may not be subject to any legal
requirement to protect CBI and may lack
the knowledge and resources to address
CBI claims. Arguably, it would be
  5 EPA does not believe that submission of an RMP
containing CBI to the statutorily specified entities
would defeat a source's ability to claim information
as CBI for purposes of section 114 (c) and EPA's CBI
regulations.  Under those regulations, information
that has been released to the public cannot be
claimed CBI. Release of a RMP containing CBI to
the entities specified by section 112(r)(7)(B)(iii),
including LEPCs, would not constitute such a
release. EPCRA similarly provides that disclosure of
trade secret  information to an LEPC does not
prevent a facility from claiming the information
confidential (see EPCRA section 322(b)(l)).

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               Federal Register / Vol.  64,  No. 3/Wednesday,  January 6, 1999/Rules and Regulations
                                                                        973
  anomalous for Congress to require EPA
  to protect trade secrets contained in
  RMPs against release to the public only
  to risk divulging the.same'infdrmation
  by requiring submission of unfedacted
  RMPs to a broad range of entities that
  may not have the' need or capacity to
  protect CBI themselves. It would also ;
  appear inconsistent with the approach
  Congress took to protecting trade secrets
  in EPCRA, where Congress did not
  provide for release of trade secret
  chemical identity information to local
  agencies.
    Relatedly, many state and local
 . agencies objected to EPA's original
  proposal in the RMP proposed
  rulemaking (58 FR 54190, October 20,
  1993) that sources submit RMPs directly
 • to States, local agencies, and the Board,
  as well as EPA. They noted that
  managing the information contained in
  RMPs would be difficult without a
  significant expenditure,of typically.
  scarce resources. Many states and local
  agencies thus supported EPA's final
  decision to develop an electronic
  submission and distribution system that
  would allow covered sources to submit
  their RMPs to EPA, which would make •
  them available to states, local agencies,
  and the Board, as well as the general
  public. If the statute is read to require
  submission of RMP information to state
  and local agencies, and the Board, to the
  extent it is claimed as CBI,  the resource
  concerns raised by State and local
  agencies commenters likely would be
  raised to that extent again.
    EPA also questions the extent to
  which states, local entities  and the
  Board would be disadvantaged if they
  did not receive unredacted RMPs
  without  making the .showings required
  by EPA's CBI regulations. As noted
  earlier, EPA expects that relatively-little-'
  RMP information will be CBI. RMP data
  will only rarely contain CBI, and the up-
  front substantiation will minimize the
  number of CBI claims it receives by
  ensuring that sources carefully examine
  the basis for any claims before ,
  submitting them. Consequently, the
  Agency believes that a state or local
•  agency will rarely confront a redacted
  RMP.      •    '
    Moreover, EPCRA provides state and
  local entities, including fire
  departments, with access to much of the
  pertinent data already. EPA's
  regulations under EPCRA cover a
  universe of sources and chemicals that
  includes most, if not all, the sources and
  substances covered by the RMP'rule.
  The EPCRA regulations require
  reporting of some of the same
  information required by the RMP rule,
  including chemical identity. EPCRA
  withholds from public release only
 chemical identities that are trade secrets
 and the location of specific chemicals
 where a facility so requests. In practice,
 relatively few facilities have requested  ,
 trade secret protection for. a chemical's
 identity.          '. •       .
   Additionally, EPCRA section 312(fj
 empowers local fire departments to
 conduct on-site inspections at facilities
 subject to EPCRA section 3,12 (a) and
 obtain information on chemical
 location. Most facilities subject to
 EPCRA section 312(a) are also subject to
 the RMP rule. On-site inspections could^
 also provide information on hazards and
 mitigation measures. In  addition,
 EPCRA section 303 (d) (3) authorizes
 LEPCs, which include representatives of
 fire departments, to request from
 facilities covered by EPCRA section
 302 (b) such information as may be
 necessary to prepare an  emergency
 response plan and to include such
 information in the plan  as appropriate.
 Some sources subject to the RMP rule
 are also covered by EPCRA section
 302(b).
   In light of the points made above, EPA
 questions whether section
 112(r) (7) (B)(iii) should be interpreted to
 require submission of unredacted RMPs
 containing CBI to the statutorily
 specified entities without provision.
 being, made for protecting CBI. EPA
 invites the public to provide any
 additional comment or information
 relevant to interpreting the submission
 requirement of section 112 (r) (7) (B) (iii).
 5. Other CBI Issues      .
   Two commenters disagreed with
 EPA's statement that a source cannot
 make a CBI claim for information
•available to the public under EPCRA or
 another statute. They claimed that a
 request for information-under EPCRA
 cannot supersede the CBI provisions
 applicable to data collected under the
 authorities of the CAA or Toxic
 Substances Control Act pr any other
 regulatory program.
   EPA does not agree with this
 comment. Claims of CBI may not be
 upheld if the information is properly
 obtainable or made public under other
statutes Or authorities. For example, '
 chemical quantity oh site is available to
the public under EPCRA Tier II   •
reporting. In addition, under EPCRA
section 303(d)(3), LEPCs have the
authority to request any information
they need to develop and implement
community emergency response plans.
If information obtained through such a
request is included in the community
plan, it will become available to the  '
public under EPCRA section 324.
Information obtainable or .made public •
under EPCRA would riot be eligible for
 CBI protection under~40 CFR section'
 2.208, which specifically excludes from
 CBI protection information already
 available to the public. Filing a CBI
 claim under the CAA or another statute
 does not protect information if it is
 legitimately requested'and made public
 under other federal, state, or local law.
 Information obtainable or made public
 (through proper means) under existing,
 statutes cannot be CBI under EPA's CBI
 regulations.
 6. Actions Taken
   In summary, the Agency is adding
 two sections (68.151 and 68.152) to Part
 68. Section 68.151 sets forth the
 procedures for a source to follow when
 asserting a CBI claim and lists data.
 elements that can not be claimed as CBI.
 This section also requires sources filing
 CBI claims to provide the information
 claimed confidential, in a format to be
 specified by EPA, instead of the
 unsanitized paper copy of the RMP as
 discussed in the proposal. Section    '
 68.152 sets forth the procedures for
 substantiating CBI claims. Sources
 claiming CBI are required to submit
. their substantiation of their claims at the
 same time they submit their RMPs.
 E. Other Issues                 .
   Two commenters asked why EPA had
 proposed to drop the phrase "if used"
 in section 68.165(b)(3) where the rule
 asks for the basis of the offsite
< consequence analysis results. EPA has
 decided to retain the language, since
 sources will have a choice of using
 either EPA's RMP guidance documents
 or a model. Where a model is used, the
 source will have to provide the name of
 the model. These commenters also  •
 asked  why EPA proposed to drop
 (alternative releases only) from section
 68.1.65(b)(13). EPA has also decided to
 retain  the parenthetical language.
   One commenter stated that EPA   •
 should allow sources to submit RMPs
 either  electronically or in hard copy.
 The commenter stated that, not allowing
 hard copy submissions will be
 burdensome on many sources wrho have
 never filed an electronic report to the
 government before. As stated in the
 April proposal, EPA is allowing sources
 to submit RMPs on paper. Paper
 submitters are asked to fill out a simple
 paper form to tell EPA why they are
 unable to file electronically.
   Two commenters Objected to placing
 offsite consequence analysis (OCA) data,
 particularly worst-case release
 scenarios, on the Internet, for security
reasons. Issues related to public access
 to OCA data are beyond the scope of
this rulemaking, as this action is limited
to the issues discussed above. It does

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not Include decisions regarding how the
public will access the OCA data
elements of the RMPs, Statements in the
preamble about EPA providing public
access to RMP data are not intended to
address which portions of the RMP data
will be electronically available.
  A number of commenters were
concerned about a statement EPA made
in the preamble to the proposed rule
regarding the definition of "process",
and stated that EPA's interpretation of
"process" is not consistent with the
interpretation the Occupational Safety
and Health Administration (OSHA) uses
in its process safety management (PSM)
standard (29 CFR 1910.119). In this
rulemaking, EPA did not propose any
changes to the definition of process nor
is it adopting any changes to the
definition, As EPA stated in the
preamble to the final RMP rule, it will
interpret "process" consistently with
OSHA's interpretation of that term (29
CFR 1910.119). Therefore, if a source is
subject to the PSM rule, the limits of its
processes) for purposes of OSHA PSM
will be the limits of its processes) for
purposes of RMP (except in cases
involving atmospheric storage tanks
containing flammable regulated
substances, which are  exempt from PSM
but not RMP). If a source is not covered
by OSHA PSM and is complicated from
an engineering perspective, it should
consider contacting its implementing
agency for advice on determining
process boundaries. EPA and OSHA are
coordinating the agencies' approach to
common issues, such as the
interpretation of "process".
F. Technical Corrections
  When Part 68 was promulgated, the
text of section 68.79(a), was drawn from
the OSHA PSM standard, but it was not
revised to reflect the different structure
of EPA's rule. The OSHA PSM standard
is contained in a single section; EPA's
Program 3 prevention program is
contained in a subpart. Rather than
referencing "this section." the
paragraph should have referenced the
"subpart," Therefore, as proposed, EPA
Is changing "section" to "subpart" in
section G8.79(a).
  Under section 68.180(b), EPA
Intended that all covered sources report
the name and telephone number of the
agency with which they coordinate
emergency response activities, even if
the source is not required to have an
emergency response plan. However, the
rule refers only to coordinating the
emergency plan. In this action, EPA is
revising this section to refer to the local
agency with which emergency response
activities and the emergency response
plan is coordinated.
                          IV. Section-by-Section Discussion of the
                          Final Rule
                            In Section 68.3. Definitions, the
                          definition of SIC is removed and
                          replaced by the definition of NAICS.
                            Section 68.10, Applicability, is
                          revised to replace the SIC codes with
                          NAICS codes, as discussed above.
                            Section 68.42, Five-Year Accident
                          History, is revised to require the
                          percentage concentration by weight of
                          regulated toxic substances released in a
                          liquid mixture and the five- or six-digit
                          NAICS code that most closely
                          corresponds to the process that had the
                          release. The phrase "five- or six-digit"
                          has been added before the NAICS code
                          to clarify the level of detail required for
                          NAICS code reporting.
                            Section 68.79, Compliance Audits, the
                          word "section" in paragraph (a) is
                          replaced by "subpart."
                            Section 68.150, Submission,, is revised
                          by adding a paragraph to state that
                          procedures for asserting CBI claims and
                          determining the sufficiency of such
                          claims are provided in new Sections
                          68.151 and 68.152.
                            Section 68.151 is added to set forth
                          the procedures to assert a CBI claim and
                          list data elements that may not be
                          claimed as CBI, as discussed above.
                            Section 68.152 is added to set forth
                          procedures for substantiating CBI
                          claims, as proposed.
                            Section 68.160, Registration, is
                          revised by adding the requirements to
                          report the method and description of
                          latitude and longitude, replacing SIC
                          codes with five- or six-digit NAICS
                          codes, and adding the requirement to
                          report Title V permit number, when
                          applicable. This section is also revised
                          to include optional data elements. The
                          phrase "five- or six-digit" has been
                          added before NAICS code to clarify the
                          level of detail required for NAICS code
                          reporting.
                            Section 68.165, Offsite Consequence
                          Analysis, is revised by adding the
                          requirement that the percentage weight
                          of a regulated toxic substance in a liquid
                          mixture be reported.
                            Section 68.170, Prevention Program/
                          Program 2, is revised to replace SIC
                          codes with five- or six-digit NAICS
                          codes, as is Section 68.175.
                            Section 68.180, Emergency Response
                          Program, is revised to clarify that
                          paragraph (b) covers both the
                          coordination of response activities and
                          plans, as proposed.

                          V. Judicial Review
                            The proposed rule amending the
                          accidental release prevention
                          requirements; under section 112(r)(7)
                          was proposed in the Federal Register on
April 17. 1998. This Federal Register
action announces EPA's final decision
on the amendments. Under section  •
307(b)(l) of the CAA, judicial review of
this action is available only by filing a
petition for review in the U.S. Court of
Appeals for the District of Columbia
Circuit on or before March 8, 1999.
Under section 307 (b) (2) of the CAA, the
requirements that are the subject of
today's action may not be challenged
later in civil or criminal proceedings
brought by EPA to enforce these
requirements.

VI. Administrative Requirements

A. Docket

  The docket is an organized and
complete file of all the information
considered by the EPA in the
development of this rulemaking. The
docket is a dynamic file, because it
allows members of the public and
industries involved to readily identify
and locate documents so that they can
effectively participate in the rulemaking
process. Along with the proposed and
promulgated rules and their preambles,
the contents of the docket serve as the
record in the case of judicial review.
(See section 307 (d) (7) (A) of the CAA.)
  The official record for this
rulemaking, as well as the public
version, has been established for this
rulemaking under Docket No. A-98-08
(including comments and data
submitted electronically). A public
version of this record, including
printed, paper versions of electronic
comments, which does not include any
information claimed as CBI, is available
for inspection from 8:00 a.m. to 5:30
p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding
legal holidays. The official rulemaking
record is located  at the address in
ADDRESSES at the beginning of this   '
document.

B, Executive Order 12866

  Under Executive Order (E.O.) 12866,
[58 FR 51,735 (October 4, 1993)], the
Agency must determine whether the
regulatory action is "significant", and
therefore subject  to OMB review and the
requirements of the E.O. The Order
defines "significant regulatory action"
as one that is likely to result in a rule
that may:
  (1) Have an annual effect on the
economy of $100 million or more or
adversely affect in a material way the
economy, a sector of the economy,
productivity, competition, jobs, the
environment, public health or safety, or
state, local or tribal government or
communities;

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              Federal Register /Vol.' .64,' No. 3/Wednesday, January 6,  1999/Rules  and Regulations    '   ,975
  • .(2) Create a serious inconsistency or
  otherwise interfe're'with an action taken
  or planned by another agency;
   (3) Materially alter the budgetary
  impact of entitlements, grants, user fees,
  or loan programs or the rights and
  obligations of recipients thereof; or
   (4) Raise, novel legal or policy issues
  arising out of legal mandates, the
  President's priorities, or the principles
  set forth in the E.G.
  • Pursuant to the terms of Executive
  Order 12866, OMB has notified EPA
  that  it considers this a "significant
  regulatory-action" within the meaning
  of the Executive Order. EPA has   !
  submitted this action to OMB for
  review. Changes made in response to
  OMB suggestions or recommendations
  will  be documented in the public
  record.

  C. Executive Order 12875
   Under Executive Order 12875, EPA
 may  not issue a regulation that is not
 required by statute and that creates a
 mandate upon a State, local or tribal
 government, unless the Federal
 government provides, the funds
 necessary to pay the direct compliance
 costs incurred by those governments, or
 EPA  consults with those governments. If
 EPA  complies by consulting, Executive
 Order 12875 requires EPA to provide to
 the Office of Management and Budget a
 description-of the extent of EPA's prior,
 consultation with representatives of
 affected State, local and tribal
 governments, the,nature of their
 concerns, copies of any written
 communications from the governments,
 and a statement supporting the need to .
 issue the regulation. In addition,
 Executive Order 12875 requires EPA to
 develop an effective process permitting
 elected officials  and other      :     .
 representatives of State, local and tribal
 governments "to provide meaningful  .
 and timely input to the development of
 regulatory proposals containing
 significant unfunded mandates."
   EPA has concluded that this rule may
 create a nominal mandate on State, local
 or tribal governments and 'that the
 Federal government will not provide the
 funds necessary to pay the direct costs
 incurred by these governments in
 complying with  the mandate.
 Specifically, some public entities may
 be covered sources and will have to add
 the new "data, elements to their RMP. In
 developing this rule, EPA consulted
'with state, local  and tribal governments
 to enable them to provide meaningful
 and time.ly input in the development of
 this rule. Even though this rule revises
 Part 68 in a way  that does not
 significantly change the burden        '
 imposed by the underlying rule, EPA •
  has taken efforts to involve state and
  local entities in this regulatory .effort.
  Specifically, much of the rule responds
  to issues raised by the Electronic
  Submission Workgroup discussed
  above,-which includes State and Ipcal
  government stakeholders. In addition,
  EPA has recently conducted seminars
  with tribal governments; however, there
  were no concerns raised on any issues
  that are covered in this rule. EPA
  discussed the need for issuing' this
  regulation in sections II and III in this
  preamble. Also, EPA provided OMB.
  with copies of the comments to the
  proposed rule.
  D. Executive Order 13045
   Executive Order 13045: "Protection of
  Children from Environmental Health
  Risks and Safety Risks" (62 FR 19885, -
  April 23, 1997) applies to any rule that:
  (1) is determined to be "economically
  significant" as defined under E.O.
  12866, and (2) concerns an
  environmental health or safety risk that
  EPA has reason to believe may have a
  disproportionate effect on children. If
  the regulatory action meets both criteria,
  the Agency must evaluate the
  environmental health or safety effects of
  the planned rule on children, and
  explain whythe planned regulation is
 preferable to other potentially effective
 and reasonably feasible alternatives
 considered by the Agency.
   This final rule is not subject to the
 E.O. 13045 because it is not
  "economically significant" as defined in
 E.O. 12866, and because it does not
 involve decisions based on
 environmental health or safety risks.
 E. Executive Order 13084
.   Under Executive Order 13084, EPA
 may not issue a regulation that is not
 required by statute, that significantly or
 Uniquely affects the communities of
 Indian tribal governments, and that
. imposes substantial direct compliance
 costs on those communities, unless the
 Federal government provides the funds
 necessary to pay the direct compliance
 costs incurred by the tribal
 governments, or EPA  consults with
 those governments. If EPA complies by
 consulting, Executive Order 13084
 requires EPA to provide to the Office of
 Management and Budget, in .a separately
 identified section of the preamble to the
 rule, a description of the extent of EPA's-
 prior consultation with representatives
 of affected tribal governments, a
summary of the nature of their concerns,
 and a statement supporting the need to
 issue the regulation. In addition,
Executive Order 13084 requires EPA to
develop an effective process permitting
elected and other representatives of
 Indian tribal governments, "to provide
 meaningful and timely input in the
 development of regulatory policies on
 matters that significantly or uniquely
 affect their communities."
   Today's rule does not significantly or
 uniquely affect the communities of
 Indian tribal governments. Two of the
 amendments madefy'this rule, the
 addition of RMP data elements and the
 conversion of SIC codes to NAICS
 codes,- impose only minimal burden  on
 any sources that may be owned or
 operated by tribal governments, such as
 drinking water'and waste water
 treatment'systems. The third
' amendment made by this rule addresses
 the procedures for submission of
 confidential business information in  the
 RMP. The sources that are mentioned
 above handle chemicals that are known '
 to public (e.g., chlorine for use of
 disinfection, propane used for fuel, etc.).
 EPA does not, therefore, expect RMP
 information on these types of processes
 to include CBI, so any costs related to
 CBI. will not fall on Indian tribal
governments. Accordingly, the
, requirements of section 3 (b) of
 Executive Order 13084 do not apply to
 this rule.      .     -   .   .-   .  .......
   Notwithstanding the non-applicability
 of E. O. 13084, EPA has recently
conducted seminars with the tribal
governments. However, there were no
concerns raised on any issues that are
covered in this rule.          ,    •
F. Regulatory Flexibility
   •EPA has determined that it is not
necessary to prepare a regulatory
flexibility analysis in connection with
this final rule. EPA has also determined
that this action will not have a
significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities.
Two of the amendments made by this
rule, the addition of RMP data elements
and the conversion of SIC codes to
NAICS codes, impose only minimal
burden on small entities. Moreover,
those small businesses that claim CBI
when submitting the RMP will not face
any costs beyond those imposed by the
existing CBI regulations. Even
.considering the costs of CBI
substantiation, however, there is no
significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities.
EPA estimates that very few small
entities (approximately ,500) will claim
CBI and that these few entities represent-
a small fraction of the small entities
(less than 5 percent) affected by the
RMP rule. Finally, EPA estimates that
those small businesses filing CBI will
experience a cost which is significantly
less than one percent of their annual
sales, For a more detailed analysis of the

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small entity impacts of CBI submission,
see Document Number. IV-B-02.
available In the docket for this
rulemaking (see ADDRESSES section).
C, Paperwork Reduction
1,  General
  The information collection
requirements in this rule have been
Submitted for approval to the Office of
Management and Budget (OMB) under
the Paperwork Reduction Act, 44 U.S.C.
3501 et seq. An Information Collection
Request (ICR) document has been
prepared by EPA (ICR No. 1656.05) and
a copy may be obtained from Sandy
Farmer, by mail at Office of Policy,
Regulatory Information Division, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency
(2137), 401 M St. SW, Washington, DC
20460, by e-mail at
farmer.sandy@epamail.epa.gov or by
calling (202) 260-2740. A copy may also
be downloaded off the Internet at http:/
/www.epa.gov/icr. The information
requirements are not effective until
OMB approves them.
  The submission of the RMP is
mandated by section 112(r) (7) of the
CAA and demonstrates compliance with
Part 68 consistent with section 114(c) of
the CAA. The information collected also
will be made available to state and local
governments and the public to enhance
their preparedness, response, and
prevention activities. Certain
information in the RMP may be claimed
as confidential business information
under 40 CFR Part 2 and Part 68.
  This rule will impose very little
burden on affected sources. First, EPA
estimates that the new data elements
Will require only a nominal burden, .25
hours for a typical source, because
latitude and longitude method and
description will be selected from a list
of options,  the Title V permit number is
available to any source to which Title V
applies, and the percentage weight of a
toxic substance in a  liquid mixture is
usually provided by the supplier of the
mixture. Second, the NAICS code
provision is simply a change from one
code to another,6 Third, as discussed
above in the preamble, EPA believes
that the CBI provisions of this rule will
add no additional burden beyond what
sources otherwise would face in
 *EPA intends to provide several outreach
mechanisms lo assist sources in identifying their
new NAICS cods. RMP'Submit will provide a
"pick list" that will make it easier for sources to
find tlx? appropriate code, Also, selected NAICS
codes are Included In the General Guidance for Risk
Management Programs (July 1998) and in the
Industry-specific guidance documents that EPA is
developing, EPA will also utilize the Emergency
Planning and Community Right-to-Know Hotline at
800-424-9346 (or 703-412-9810) to assist sources
In determining the source's NAICS codes,
                          complying with the CBI rules in 40 CFR
                          Part 2. The Agency has calculated the
                          burden of substantiations made for
                          purposes of this rule below.
                            Burden means the total time, effort, or
                          financial resources expended by persons
                          to generate, maintain, retain, or disclose
                          or provide information to or for a
                          Federal agency. This includes the time
                          needed to review instructions; develop,
                          acquire, install, and utilize technology
                          and system for the purposes of
                          collecting, validating, and verifying
                          information, processing and
                          maintaining information, and disclosing
                          and providing information; adjust the
                          existing ways to comply with any
                          previously applicable instructions and
                          requirements; train personnel to be able
                          to respond to a collection of
                          information; search data sources;
                          complete and review the collection of
                          information; and transmit or otherwise
                          disclose the information.
                            An agency may nqt conduct or
                          sponsor, and a person is not required to
                          respond to a collection of information
                          unless it displays a currently valid OMB
                          control number. The OMB control
                          numbers for EPA's regulations are listed
                          in 40 CFR Part 9 and 48 CFR Chapter
                          15.
                          2. CBI Burden                     .
                            In the Notice of Proposed Rulemaking
                          for these amendments, EPA proposed to
                          amend existing 40 CFR Part 68 to add
                          two sections which would clarify the
                          procedures for submitting RMPs that
                          contain confidential business
                          information (CBI). As proposed, CBI
                          would be handled in much the same
                          way as it presently is under other EPA
                          programs, except that EPA would
                          require sources claiming CBI to submit
                          documentation substantiating their CBI
                          claims at the time such claims were
                          made and EPA also would not permit
                          CBI claims for certain data elements
                          which clearly are not CBI. Aside from
                          these procedural changes, however, the
                          proposed rule was substantively
                          identical to the existing rules governing
                          the substantiation of CBI claims,
                          presently codified in 40 CFR Part 2.
                            At the time it proposed these
                          amendments, EPA estimated the public
                          reporting burden for CBI claims to be 15
                          hours for chemicaj manufacturers with
                          Program 3 processes, the only kinds of
                          facilities that EPA expects to be able to
                          claim CBI for any RMP data elements.
                          This estimate was premised upon EPA's
                          assessment that it would require 8.5
                          hours per claim to develop and submit
                          the CBI substantiation and 6.5 hours to
                          complete an unsanitize'd version of the
                          RMP, for a total of 15 hours. EPA also
                          estimated that approximately 20 percent
 of the 4000 chemical manufacturers (out
 of 64,200 stationary sources estimated,to
 be covered by the RMP rule) may file'
 CBI claims (800 sources). The 800
 sources represent a conservative
 projection based on the Agency's
 experience under EPCRA program.
 Consequently, the total annual public
 reporting burden for filing CBI claims
 was estimated to be approximately
 12,000 hours over three years (800
 facilities multiplied by an average
 burden of 15 hours), or an annual
 burden of 4,000 hours (Information
 Collection Request No. 1656.04).
   a. Comment received. EPA received
 one comment on the ICR developed for
 the proposed rule, opposing up-front
 substantiation of any CBI claims. The
 commenter stated that "[t]his is a major
 departure from standard EPA procedure,
 and would impose a substantial and
 unjustified burden for several years."
 The commenter further added that up-
 front substantiation would significantly
 increase the burden of this rule, and that
 up-front substantiation unnecessarily
 increases the volume and potential loss
 of CBI documents. The commenter also
 stated that the estimate of 15 hours for
 chemical manufacturers "seems
 unreasonably low," and cited the EPA
 burden estimate of 27.7 to 33.2 hours
 per claim (with an average of 28.8)
 under the trade secret provisions of
 EPCRA.
   In the preamble to the proposed rule,
 EPA estimated that 20 percent of the
 4,000 chemical manufacturers will file a
 CBI claim. The commenter contends
 that "[t] he EPA analysis *  * * excludes
 facilities in other industries that will
 need to file CBI claims."
   Finally, the commenter stated  that
 claiming multiple data elements as CBI
 will increase reporting burden.
   b. EPA response. Burden Estimates:
 EPA disagrees with these comments. As
 pointed out above, the requirement to
 submit up-front substantiation of CBI
 claims imposes no additional burden. In
 addition, the total burden of the CBI
 provisions of this rule are not
 understated. EPA has re-examined its
 analysis in light of the commenter's
 concerns and has determined—contrary
- to the commenter's claim—that its
 initial estimate of the total burden
 associated with preparing and claiming
 CBI was likely too conservative. As
 explained below, the Agency's best
 available information indicates that the
 process of documenting and submitting •
 a claim of CBI should impose a burden
 of approximately 9.5 hours per CBI
 claimant.
   First, EPA believes that the
 requirement to submit, at the time a
 source claims information as CBI,  ,

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              Federal Register/Vol. 64v No. 3/Wednesday, January  6,  -1999/Rules and Regulations
                                                                        977
. substantiation demonstrating that the
 material truly is-CBI imposes no burden
 on sources beyond that which presently'
 exists under EPA's CBI regulations in
 Part 2. In order to decide whether they
 might properly claim CBI for a given
 piece of information, a source must
 determine if the criteria stated ih section
 2.208 of 40 CFR Part 2  are satisfied.
 Naturally, a source goes through this
 process before a CBI claim is made. EPA
 agrees that most programs do not'  '
 require the information that forms the
 basis for the substantiation to be
 submitted at the time of the claim;
 however, a' facility must still determine
 whether or not a'claim can be
 substantiated. Because existing rules
 require sources to formulate a legitimate
 basis for claiming CBI,  even if those
 rules do not require immediate
 documentation, and because the Agency
 fully expects requests for RMP
 information which will necessitate
 sources' submitting such
 documentation, EPA believes that up-
.front submission will not increase the
 burden of the regulation.
  Second, in response to the
 commeriter's claim that the Agency had
 underestimated the total burden
 associated with CBI claims, EPA
 undertook a review of recent
 information collection requests (ICRs)
 covering data similar to that required to
 be submitted in an RMP. Initially, EPA
 examined the ICR prepared for Part 2
 itself (ICR No. 1665.02, OMB Control
 No. 2020-0003). Under an analysis
 contained in the Statement of Support
for the ICR, the Agency estimated that
 it takes approximately 9.4 hours to -
substantiate claims of CBI, prepare
documentation, and submit such
documentation to EPA. Next, the
Agency reviewed a survey conducted by
the Agency (under Office  of
Management and Budget clearance
#2070-0034), to present the average
burden associated with indicating
confidential business information
claims for certain data elements .under
the proposed inventory update rule
 (IUR) amendment under TSCA section
8. This survey specifically asked
affected industry how long it would take
to prepare CBI claims for two data
elements—chemical identity and
production volume range information.
Part 68 also requires similar information
 (e.g., chemical identity  and maximum
quantity in a process) to be included in
a source's RMP and, indeed, EPA
anticipates that they will be the data
elements most likely to be claimed CBI.
The average burden estimates for
chemical identity were  between  1.82
and 3.13 hours, and the average burden
 estimates for production volume in
 ranges were between 0.87 and 2.08
 hours. Thus, assuming that the average
 source claims both chemical identity
 and the maximum quantity in a process
 as CBI, a conservative estimate for the
 reporting burden would be 5.21 hours.
 Finally, EPA examined the burden
 estimateupon which it relied at
 proposal. That estimate predicted that
 the average CBI claim would take 15
 hours, of which 8.5 would be
 developing and submitting the CBI
 claim, and 6.5 would be completing an ,
 unsanitized version of the RMP. In view'
 of EPA's current plan not to require a
 source claiming CBI to submit a full,
 unsanitized RMP, but instead to submit
 only the particular elements claimed as
 CBI, the Agency expects the latter
• burden to decrease to 1 hour, 'for a total
 burden of 9.5 hours.
   In light of its extensive research  of the
 burden hours involved in preparing and
 submitting CBI claims, EPA believes
 that the total burden estimate was not
 understated in the April proposal.
 Rather, other ICRs and the ICR proposal,
 combined with the changes to the
 method of documenting CBI claims, -;'
 indicate that a burden estimate between
 5.21 and 9.5 hours is appropriate for
 this final rule. EPA has selected the
 most-conservative of these, 9.5 hours, in
 its ICR for this final rule.   •'•  '       .
   EPA rejected one ICR's burden
 estimate as being inapplicable to the
 present rulemaking. Although the
•commenter urged the Agency to adopt  .
 the estimate associated with trade secret
 claims under EPCRA (28 hours), EPA
 believes that the estimates discussed
 above are more accurate for several
 reasons. First, the  EPCRA figures are
 based upon a. survey with a very small
 sample size, as compared to the TSCA
 survey cited previously. Second, most
 (if not all) of the facilities submitting
 RMPs are likely to already'be reporting
 under sections 311 and 312 or section
 313 of EPCRA, and many of the    ;
 manufacturers submitting an RMP are
 subject to TSCA reporting requirements;,
 thus, most sources likely to claim CBI
 for an RMP data elemen^ will have
 already'done some analysis of whether
 or not such information would reveal
 legitimately confidential matter.
   Other Facilities Can Claim CBI: The
 Agency does not agree with the
 commenter's claim that facilities other
 than chemical manufacturers might be
 expected to claim CBI for information
 contained in their .RMPs. The other
 industries affected by the RMP rule (e.g.,
 propane retailers, publicly owned
. treatment works) will not be disclosing
 in the RMP information that is likely to
 cause substantial harm to the business's
 'competitive position, For example,
 covered public drinking water and
 wastewater treatment plants generally
 use common regulated substances in
 standard processes (i.e., chlorine used
, for disinfection). Also, covered  ;' .
 processes at many sources involve the
 storage of regulated substances that the
 sources sell (e.g., propane, ammonia), so
 the processes are already public
 knowledge. Other covered processes
 involve the use of well-known
 combinations of regulated substances
 such as refrigerants. Therefore, it is not
 likely that these businesses would claim
 information as CBI.          ,
   As a point of comparison, EPA notes
 that of the 869,000 facilities that are  '
 estimated-to,be required to report under
 sections 311 and 312 of EPCRA,
 approximately 58 facilities have,
 submitted trade secret claims for under
 those sections. For this reason, EPA
 believes the estimate of 800 sources   ~
 may, in fact, be an overestimate of the
 number of sources claiming CBI.
   Reporting Multiple Data Elements:
 The Agency disagrees with the
 commenters assertion that it has    s-
 underestimated the reporting burden on
 sources' claiming multiple data  '  .
 elements as CBI. The burden figures
 stated above are based on the Agency's
 estimates of the average number of data
 elements that  a typical source will likely
 claim CBI.
   Public reporting of the new RMP data
 elements is estimated to require an
 average of .25 hours for all sources
 (64,200 sources) and substantiating CBI
 claims is estimated to take
 approximately 9.5 hours for certain
 chemical manufacturing sources (800
 sources). The aggregate increase in
 burden over that estimated in the
 previous Information Collection Request
 (ICR) for part 68 is estimated to be about
 23,650 hours over three years, or an
 annual burden of 7,883 hours for the
 three years covered by the ICR.
 H. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
   Title II of the Unfunded Mandates
 Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA), P.L. 104-
 4, establishes requirements for Federal
 agencies to assess the effects of their
 regulatory actions on State, local, and
 tribal governments and the private
 sector. Under section 202 of the UMRA,
 EPA generally, must prepare a written
 statement,  including a cost-benefit
 analysis, for proposed and final rules
 with "Federal mandates" that may
 result in expenditures to State, local,
 and tribalgovernments,  in the aggregate,
 or to the private sector, of $100 million
 or more in  any one year. Before
 promulgating an EPA rule for which a
 written statement is needed, section  205

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 978
Federal Register/Vol. 64, No. 3/Wednesday, January 6, 1999/Rules and Regulations
 of the L'MRA generally requires EPA to
 Identify and consider a reasonable
 number of regulatory alternatives and
 adopt the least costly, most cost-
 effective or least burdensome alternative
 thai achieves the objectives of the rule.
 The provisions of section 205 do not
 apply when they are inconsistent with
 applicable law. Moreover, section 205
 allows EPA to adopt an alternative other
 than the least costly, most cost-effective
 or least burdensome alternative if the
 Administrator publishes with the final
 rule an explanation why that alternative
 was not adopted. Before EPA establishes
 any regulatory requirements that may
 significantly or uniquely affect small
 governments, including tribal
 governments, it must have developed
 under section 203 of the UMRA a small
 government agency plan. The plan must
 provide for notifying potentially
 affected small governments, enabling
 officials of affected small governments
 to have meaningful and timely  input in
 the development of EPA regulatory
 proposals with significant Federal
intergovernmental mandates, and
Informing, educating, and advising
small governments on compliance with
 the regulatory requirements.
  EPA has determined that this rule
 does not contain a Federal mandate that
 mdy result In expenditures of $100
 million or more for state, local, and
                           tribal governments, in the aggregate, or
                           the private sector in any one year. The
                           EPA has determined that -the total
                           nationwide capital cost for these rule
                           amendments is zero and the annual
                           nationwide cost for thesp amendments
                           is less than $1  million. Thus, today's
                           rule is not subject to the requirements
                           of sections 202 and 205 of the Unfunded
                           Mandates Act.
                             EPA has determined that this rule
                           contains no regulatory requirements that
                           might significantly or uniquely affect
                           small governments. Small governments
                           are unlikely to claim information
                           confidential, because sources owned or
                           operated by these entities (e.g., drinking
                           water and waste water treatment
                           systems), handle chemicals that are
                           known to public. The new data
                           elements and the conversion of SIC
                           codes to NAICS codes impose only
                           minimal burden on these entities.
                           I. National Technology Transfer and
                           Advancement Act
                             Section 12(d) of the National
                           Technology Transfer and Advancement
                           Act of 1995 ("NTTAA"), Pub L. 104-
                           113, section 12(d)(15 U.S.C. 272 note),
                           directs EPA to  use voluntary consensus
                           standards in its regulatory activities
                           unless to do so would be inconsistent
                           with applicable law or otherwise
                           impractical. Voluntary consensus
                           standards are technical standards (e.g.,
materials specifications, test methods,
sampling procedures, business
practices) that are developed or adopted
by voluntary consensus standards
bodies. The NTTAA requires EPA to
provide Congress, through OMB,
explanations when  the Agency decides
not to use available and applicable
voluntary consensus standards.
  This action does not involve technical
standards. Therefore, EPA did not
consider the use of any voluntary
consensus standards.

J. Congressional Review Act

  The Congressional Review Act, 5
U.S.C. section 801 et seq., as added by
the Small Business Regulatory
Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996,
generally provides that before  a rule
may take effect, the agency    ;
promulgating the rule must submit a
rule report, which includes a copy of
the rule, to each House of the Congress
and to the Comptroller General of the
United States. EPA will submit a report
containing this rule and other  required
information to the U.S. Senate, the U.S.
House of Representatives, and the
Comptroller General of the United
States prior to publication of the rule in
the Federal Register. This action is not
a "major rule" as defined by 5 U.S.C,
section 804(2). This rule will be
effective February 5, 1999.
                    APPENDIX TO PREAMBLE—DATA ELEMENTS THAT MAY NOT BE CLAIMED AS CBI
              Rule element
                                                                            Comment
68.160(b)(1) Stationary source  name, street,
  dty, county, slate, zip code, latitude, and lon-
  gitude, method for obtaining latitude and lon-
  gitude, and description of location that lati-
  tude and longitude represent.
68:160(b)(2) Stationary source Dun and Brad-
  stroet number,
68.160(b)(3) Name and  Dun and Bradstreet
  number of the corporate parent company.
68,160{b)(4) The name, telephone number, and
  mailing address of the owner/operator.
68,160(b)(5) The name and title of the person
  or position with overall responsibility for RMP
  elements and implementation.
68.160(b)(6) The name, title, telephone number,
  and 24-hour telephone number of the emer-
  gency contact.
68.160(b}(7) Program level and NAICS code of
  the process,
68.160(b}(8) The stationary source EPA identi-
  fier.
68,160(b){10) Whether  the stationary source is
  subject to 29 CFR 1910.119.
68,160(b)(11) Whether  the stationary source is
  subject to 40 CFR Part 355.

68,160(b)(i2) If  the stationary source has a
  CAA Title V operating permit, the permit num-
  ber.
                           This information is filed with EPA and other agencies under other regulations and is made
                             available to the public and, therefore, does not meet the criteria for CBI claims. It  is also
                             available in business and other directories.
                           This information provides no information that would affect a source's competitive position.


                           This information js filed with state and local agencies under EPCRA and is made available to
                             the public and, therefore, does not meet the criteria for CBI claims.

                           This information provides no information that would affect a source's competitive position.

                           This information provides no information that would affect a source's competitive position.

                           This information provides no information that would affect a source's competitive position.

                           Sources are required to  notify the state and local agencies if they are subject to this rule; this
                             information is. available to the public and, therefore, does not meet the criteria for CBI
                             claims.
                           This information will be known to state and federal air agencies and is available to the public
                             and, therefore, does not meet the criteria for CBI claims.

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              Federal Register/Vol.  64,  No. >3 / Wednesday, January 6; 1-999/Rules  and .Regulations
               APPENDIX TO  PREAMBLE—DATA ELEMENTS THAT MAY NOT BE CLAIMED AS CBI—Continued
               Rule element
                                                                             Comment
 68.160(b)(13) The date of  the last safety in-
   spection and the identity of the inspecting en-
   tity.
 68.165(b)(4)'Basis of the results (give model
   name if used).
 68.165(b)(9) Wind speed  and atmospheric sta-
   bility class (toxics only).
 68.165(b)(10) Topography (toxics only)  	
 68.165(b)(11) Distance to an endpoint	

 68,165(b)(12) Public  and  environmental recep-
   tors within the distance.
 68.168 Five-year accident  history	
68.170(b), (d), (e)(1), and (f)-(k)
68.175^), (d), (e)(1), and (f)-(p)
    NAICS  code,  prevention- program compli-
      ance dates and information.
68,180 Emergency response program	
  This information provides no information that would affect.a source's competitive position.


  Without the chemical name and quantity, this reveals no business information.

  This information provides no information that would affect a source's competitive position.

  Without the chemical name and quantity, this reveals no business information.
  By itself, this information provides no confidential information. Other elements that would re-
    veal chemical identity or quantity may be claimed as CBI.
  By'itself, this Information provides" no confidential information. Other elements that would re-r
    veal chemical identity or quantity may be claimed as CBI.                  '
  Sources are  required to-report most of these releases and information (chemical released,-
    quantity, impacts) to, the federal, state, and local agencies under CERCLA and EPCRA;
    these data are available to the'public and, therefore, do not meet the criteria for CBI claims.
    Much of this information is also available from the public media.


  NAICS codes and the prevention program compliance dates and information provide no infor-
    mation that would affect a source's competitive position!.
  This information provides  no information that would affect a source's competitive position.
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 68
  Environmental protection,
Administrative practice and procedure,
Air pollution control, Chemicals,
Hazardous substances,  •
Intergovernmental relations, Reporting
and recordkeeping requirements.
  Dated: December 29, 1998.
Carol M. Browner,
Administrator.'
  For the reasons set out in the
preamble, title 40, chapter I, subchapter
C, part 68 of the Code of Federal
Regulations is amended to read as '
follows:

PART 68—CHEMICAL ACCIDENT
PREVENTION PROVISIONS

  1. The authority citation for Part 68
continues to read as follows:
  Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7412(r), 760l(a)(l),
7661-766 If.,
  2. Section 68.3 is amended by
removing the definition of SIC and by
adding in alphabetical order the
definition for NAICS to read as follows:

§68.3  Definitions.
*,*.***            =
  NAICS. means North American
Industry Classification System.
*-••'*     *     *     *       '
  3. Section 68^10 is amended by
revising paragraph (d)(l) tp read as
follows:

§68.10  Applicability.
*    * _    *    . *_    *    •'
 - (d) * *  *                   '
  (1) The process is in NAICS code
32211,32411,32511,325181,325188,
 325192,325199,325211, 325311, or
 32532; or
.*.-**     *    *
   4. Section 68.42 is amended by
 revising paragraph (b) (3), redesignating
 paragraphs (b)(4) through (b)(10) as
 paragraphs (b)(5) through (b)( 11) and by
 adding a new paragraph (b)(4) to read as
 follows:

 §68.42  Five-year accident history.
 *   . * .  *     *    *
   (b) * *' *           '•           .
   (3) Estimated quantity released in
 pounds and, for mixtures containing
 regulated toxic substances, percentage
 concentration by weight of the released
 regulated toxic substance in the liquid
 mixture;
   (4) Five- or six-digit NAICS code that
 most closely corresponds to the process;
 *    *  .  *   .  *     *
   5. Section 68.79 is amended by
 revising paragraph (a) to read as follows:

 §. 68.79   Compliance audits.
  • (a) The owner or operator shall certify
 that they have evaluated compliance
 with the provisions of this subpart at
 least every three years to verify that
 procedures and practices developed
 under this subpart are adequate and are
 being followed.
 *****
   6. Section 68.150 is amended by.
 adding paragraph (e) to read as follows:

 §68.150   Submission.
. *    *    *    *     *
   (e) Procedures for asserting that
 information submitted in the RMP is
 entitled to protection as confidential
 business  information are set forth in
 §§68.'l51 and 68.152.   •
 .  7. Section 68.151 is added to read as  •
 follows:

 §68.151  Assertion of claims of
 confidential business information.
   (a) Except as provided in paragraph
 (b) of this section, an owner or operator
 of a stationary source required to report
 or otherwise provide information under
 this  part may make a claim of
 confidential business information for
 any such information that meets the
 criteria set forth in 40 CFR 2.301 .
   (b) Notwithstanding the provisions of
 40 CFR part 2, an owner or operator of
 a stationary source subject to this part
 may not claim as confidential business
 information the following information:
   (1) Registration data required by
 §68.160(b)(l) through (b)(6)'and  (b)(8),
 (b)(10) through (b)(13) and NAICS code
-and Program level of the process set
 forth in §68.160(b)(7);
   (2) Offsite consequence analysis data
 required by § 6.8. 1 65 (b) (4) ,  (b) (9) ,  (b) ( 1 0) ,
   (3) Accident history data required by
 §68.168; ."    '
   (4) Prevention program data required
 by§68.170(b), (d), (e)(l), (f) through (k);
   (5) Prevention program data required
 by §68. 175 (b), (d), (e)(l), (f) through (p);
 and           •           '   '  ,  .
   (6) Emergency response program data
 required by §68.180.
 •  (c) Notwithstanding the procedures
 specified in 40 CFR part 2, an owner or
 operator asserting a claim of CBI with
 respect to information contained in its
 RMP, shall submit to EPA at the time it
 submits the RMP Jhe following:
   (1) The information claimed
 confidential, provided in a format to be
 specified by EPA;

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Federal  Register/Vol.  64,  No. 3/Wednesday, January  6,  1999/Rules and Regulations
   (2) A sanitized (redacted) copy of the
 RMP, with the notation "CBl"
 substituted for the information claimed
 confidential, except that a generic
 category or class name shall be
 substituted for any chemical name or
 identity claimed confidential; and
   (3) Tne document or documents
 substantiating each claim of confidential
 business information, as described in
 §68,152.
   8. Section 68.152 is added to read as
 follows:
 § 68.152  Substantiating claims of
 confidential business information.
   (a) An owner or operator claiming that
 information is confidential business
 information must substantiate that claim
 by providing documentation that
 demonstrates that the claim meets the
 substantive criteria set forth in 40 CFR
 3,301.
   (b) Information that is submitted as
 part of the substantiation may be
 claimed confidential by marking it as
 confidential business information.
 Information not so marked will be
 treated as public and may  be disclosed
 without notice to the submitter. If
 Information that is submitted as part of
 the substantiation is claimed
 Confidential, the owner or operator must
 provide a sanitized and unsanitized
version of the substantiation.
   (c) The owner, operator, or senior
official with management responsibility
 of the stationary source shall sign a
 certification that the signer has
 personally  examined the information
submitted and that based on inquiry of
 the persons who compiled the
 Information, the information is true,
accurate, and complete, and that those
portions of the substantiation claimed as
confidential business information
would, if disclosed, reveal trade secrets
or other confidential  business
information.
  9. Section 68.160 is amended by
revising paragraphs (b)(l),  (b)(7), and
                          (b)(12) and adding paragraphs (b)(14)
                          through (b)(18) to read as follows:

                          §68.160  Registration.
                          *****
                            (b) * * *
                            (1) Stationary source name, street,
                          city, county, state, zip code, latitude and
                          longitude, method for obtaining latitude
                          and longitude, and description of
                          location that latitude-and longitude
                          represent;
                          *****
                            (7) For each covered process, the
                          name and CAS number of each
                          regulated substance held above the
                          threshold quantity in the process, the
                          maximum quantity of each regulated
                          substance or mixture in the process (in
                          pounds) to two significant digits, the
                          five- or six-digit NAICS code that most
                          closely corresponds to the process, and
                          the Program level of the process;
                          *****
                            (12) If the stationary source has a CAA
                          Title V operating permit, the permit
                          number; and
                          *****
                            (14) Source or Parent Company E-Mail
                          Address (Optional);
                            (15) Source Homepage address
                          (Optional)
                            (16) Phone number at the source for
                          public inquiries (Optional);
                            (17) Local Emergency Planning
                          Committee (Optional);
                            (18) OSHA Voluntary Protection
                          Program status (Optional);
                            10. Section 68.165 is amended by
                          revising paragraph (b) to read as follows:

                          § 68.165  Offsite consequence analysis.
                          *     *     *     *    * ,
                            (b) The owner or operator shall
                          submit the following data:
                            (1) Chemical name;
                            (2) Percentage weight of the chemical
                          in a liquid mixture (toxics only);
                            (3) Physical state (toxics only);
                            (4) Basis of results (give model name
                          if used);
   (5) Scenario (explosion, fire, toxic gas
 release, or liquid spill and evaporation);
   (6) Quantity released in pounds;
   (7) Release rate;
   (8) Release, duration;
   (9) Wind speed and atmospheric
 stability class (toxics only);       :
   (10) Topography (toxics only);
   (11) Distance to endpoint;
   (12) Public and environmental
 receptors within the distance;
   (13) Passive mitigation considered;
 and
   (14) Active mitigation considered
 (alternative releases only);
   11. Section 68.170 is amended by
, revising paragraph (b) to read as follows:

 § 68.170  Prevention-program/Program 2.
 ****-#

   (b) The five- or six-digit NAICS code
 that most closely corresponds to the
 process.
 *****

   12. Section 68.175 is amended by
 revising paragraph (b) to read as follows:

 §68.175  Prevention program/Program 3.
 *****

   (b) The five- or six-digit NAICS code
 that most closely corresponds to the
 process.
 *****

   13. Section 68.180 is amended by
 revising paragraph (b) to read as follows:

 § 68.180  [Emergency response program.
 *    *    *     *    *

   (b) The owner or operator shall
 provide the name and telephone
 number of the local agency with which
 emergency response activities and the
 emergency response plan is
 coordinated.
 *****
 [FR Doc. 99-231 Filed 1-5-99; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 6560-50-P

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