United States             Office of Water (WH 550G)         EPA 570/9 91-036F
                    Environmental Protection                                January 1992
                    Agency




v>EPA        Best  Management  Practices



                    For  Protecting  Ground Water


                       For Electroplaters Using  Shallow


                        Industrial Waste Disposal  Wells

                        (Class V Well BMP Fact Sheet Number 2D)


                    EPA recognizes that certain industrial waste disposal practices using drainage wells may pose unacceptable
                    risks to Underground Sources of Drinking Water These operations allow the discharge ot various wastes to a
                    drainage system neither designed for nor capable of treating them. Accordingly, BMPs for Industrial Disposal
                    Welte focus on well closure and alternative disposal methods We have also included BMPs for waste minimiza-
                    tion to help facilities reduce waste disposal costs, regardless of the disposal method they use In addition local
                    county, and State regulations may prohibit use of these wells Note: these practices are recommendations only
                    For more information, contact the person named below


                         The BMPs listed below apply to the electroplating industry. Fact Sheet Number 2
                         in this series lists BMPs that are applicable to Industrial Disposal Wells in general
                         (including those used by electroplaters), particularly for closure and alternative
                         disposal. In addition the Agency believes that wastes from Electroplaters pose
                         significant risks to ground water when injected. Industrial Disposal Wells at these
                         facilities will probably be closed.
                         Waste Minimization


                              • Use deionized water in place of tap water to facilitate recycling and
                               minimize the generation of sludges


                              • Extend plating bath life and recover metals and additives through treat-
                               ment


                               —  For example, use electrolytic dummying to remove excess copper
                               —  Other methods include high surface area electrowinning/

                                  electrorefining, ion exchange, ion transfer, evaporators, and reverse
                                  osmosis


                              • Convert process baths to non-cyanide plating baths where technically
                               feasible


                              • Substitute trisodium phosphate or ammonia for cyanide cleaners where
                               technically feasible


                              • Replace hexavalent chromium solutions with trivalent chromium solutions
                               where technically feasible


                              • Use sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide in place of chromic acid where
                               technically feasible


                              • Withdraw parts from plating baths slowly to minimize "drag-out"

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                    United Stales             Office of Water (WH 550G)         EPA 570/9 91-036F
                    Environmental Protection                                Ja    1 gg^ UJDr
                    Agency                                                '



v>EPA        Best  Management  Practices


                    For  Protecting Ground Water


                       For Electroplaters Using  Shallow

                        Industrial Waste Disposal Wells

                        (Class V Well BMP Fact Sheet Number 2D)

                    EPA recognizes that certain industrial waste disposal practices using drainage wells may pose unacceptable
                    risKs to Underground Sources of Drinking Water These operations allow the discharge of various wastes to a
                    drainage system neither designed for nor capable of treating them. Accordingly, BMPs tor Industrial Disposal
                    Welte focus on well closure and alternative disposal methods We have also included BMPs for waste minimiza-
                    tion to help facilities reduce waste disposal costs, regardless of the disposal method they use In addition local
                    county, and State regulations may prohibit use of these wells Note: these practices are recommendations only
                    For more information, contact the person named below

                         The BMPs listed below apply to the electroplating industry. Fact Sheet Number 2
                         in this series lists BMPs that are applicable to Industrial Disposal Wells in general
                         (including those used by electroplaters), particularly for closure and alternative
                         disposal. In addition the Agency believes that wastes from Electroplaters pose
                         significant risks to ground water when injected. Industrial Disposal Wells at these
                         facilities will probably be closed.
                         Waste Minimization


                             • Use deionized water in place of tap water to facilitate recycling and
                               minimize the generation of sludges


                             • Extend plating bath life and recover metals and additives through treat-
                               ment


                               —  For example, use electrolytic dummying to remove excess copper
                               —  Other methods include high surface area electrowinning/
                                  electrorefining, ion exchange, ion transfer, evaporators, and reverse
                                  osmosis


                             •  Convert process baths to non-cyanide plating baths where technically
                               feasible


                             •  Substitute trisodium phosphate or ammonia for cyanide cleaners where
                               technically feasible


                             •  Replace hexavalent chromium solutions with trivalent chromium solutions
                               where technically feasible

                             •  Use sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide in place of chromic acid where
                               technically feasible

                             •  Withdraw parts from plating baths slowly to minimize "drag-out"

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