Monday
January 23, 1989
Part II



Environmental

Protection Agency

40 CFR Parts 260, 261, 262, 264, 265, 268
and 270
Hazardous Waste Management System;
Testing and Monitoring Activities;
Proposed Rule

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3212	  Federal Registec://V^l. .54;  No. ,13 /Monday. January 23.--1989/'Proposied Rules
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY

40 CFR Parts 260,261,262,264,265,
268 and 270
[FRL-3394-4]

Hazardous Waste Management
System; Testing and Monitoring
Activities
AGENCY: Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Proppsed rule.             • ,

SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) is today proposing to
revise certain testing methods that are
approved or required under Subtitle C of
the Resource Conservation and  '
Recovery Act (RCRA). EPA is also
proposing to add several new testing
methods that can be used to comply
with the requirements of Subtitle C of
RCRA. These new and revised methods
are found in the Third Edition of "Test
Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste,
Physical/Chemical Methods," SW-846
and the first update package to this
Third Edition of SW-846. The Agency is
also proposing to make specified
Quality Control (QC) procedures
mandatory for all testing conducted
under the hazardous waste regulations
of RCRA. These Quality Control
procedures are also found in the Third
edition of SW-846. Some modifications,
have also been made to Chapter One of
the manual to provide clarification of
definitions. The modified sections of
Chapter One are found in the first
update package to the Third Edition of
SW-846, which is also being proposed in
today's rule. The revisions to Chapter
One contained in this first update
package are given in Appendix A of this
proposed rule. The appendix has been
added to this proposed rule in order to
provide the public with the specific
language that will be substituted for the
language currently found in Chapter
One of the SW-848 manual. Today's
action is necessary to provide better and
more complete analytical test methods
for RCRA-related testing and to
document the quality of the data
gathered for complying with the RCRA
hazardous waste regulations. This
proposed rule will provide more reliable
analytical data and promote consistency
In the analytical test methods used for
sompliance with RCRA and the
Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation, and Liability
<\ct (CERCLA).
3ATE: Comments on this proposed rule
nust be submitted on or before March 9,
1989.
ADDRESS: The public should submit an
original and two copies of their  •• ,•
comments on this proposed rule,to:
Docket Number F-89-WTMP-FFFFF,
EPA RGRA Docket, OS-305 (Room SE-
205), U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, 401M Street SW., Washington,
DC 20460. Please place Docket number
on all comments. The EPA RCRA .
Docket is located in the sub-basement at
the above address and is open from 9:00
a.m. to 4:00 p.m., Monday through
Friday, except Federal holidays. The
public must'make an appointment to
review docket materials by calling (202) •
475-9327. The public may copy 100
pages of material from any one  .
regulatory docket at no cost;, additional
copies cost $0.15 per page.
  Copies of the Third Edition of SW-846
and of the proposed first update to the •
Third Edition are available from the  .
Government Printing office,  ,    .    ...
Superintendent of Documents,
Washington, DC 20402, (202) 783-3238. .
The document number is 955-001-00000-,
1 and the cost is $110.00 for the four-
volume set plus updates. Update •  . ,
packages will be automatically mailed
to all subscribers. Non-subscribers may  .:
order the proposed first update package
by calling the RCRA Hotline at (SOO)1 ;
424-9346  (toll free) or (202) 382-3006,:br
by writing the Communications and  :.
Training Section, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 401M Street, SW.,
Washington, DC 20460. The. requester V..
must specify the appropriate document ,
title; document number and "First   , .•;  :
Update Package."     '      .,.'''.•"'.,
  Copies of the Second Edition of SW-
846 are available.from the National
Technical Information Service (NTJS),.
5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA
22161, (703) 487-4600. The document
number is PB87-120-291 and the cost is
$48.95 for paper copies and $13.50 for
microfiche.                   '
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
For general information contact the
RCRA Hotline at (800) 424-^348 (toll
free) or (202) 382-3000. For Information
on the technical aspects of this proposed
rule contact Charles Sellers, Office of
Solid  Waste, OS-331, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M
Street, SW., Washington, DC 20460,
(202) 382-3282.                 .
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Index
Part I. Background
Part II. Proposal
  (A) Methods Substitutions
  (B) Methods Format
•  (C) Regulatory Status of the third Edition
  (D) Quality Control
  1. Field Quality Control   •      •    '-•
  2. Analytical Laboratory Quality Control
   (E) Methods Inclusion and Exclusion
, Part III. State Authority    .
   (A) Applicability of Rules in Authorized
 States
   (B) Effect on State Authorization
 Part IV. Economic and Regulatory Impacts
   (A) Regulatory Impact Analysis
   (B) Regulatory Flexibility Act
   (C) Paperwork Reduction Act

 I. Background
   On October 1,1984 (49 FR 33786-
 33812), EPA proposed several changes to
. the RCRA hazardous waste regulations.
 These proposed changes included the  •
 following elements:         •
   (1) Addition of new methods to SW-
 846.          .
   (2) Mandatory adherence to the
 procedures and methods in SW-846 for
 all RCRA testing.
   (3) Elimination of requirements to test
 for certain compounds when conducting
 ground water monitoring.
   (4) Use of screening tests when
 monitoring ground water for hazardous
 constituents.
   (5) Use of the Hierarchical Analysis
 Procedure for ground water screening.
   Many comments were received on the
^proposal. The Agency evaluated these
 comments and, as a result, decided not
 to promulgate the October 1,1984,
; • proposal. 'Instead, the Agency revised
 SW-846 to incorporate many of the    ;
 suggestions made in the^coniments and
 undertook other actions to address
 changes to the ground water monitoring.
 regulations. On March 16,1987, EPA
 announced the. availability of the Third
 Edition of SW-846 in the Federal
 Register (50 FR 8072). The Third Edition
 contains 72 methods that are new to
 SW-846. Of these, 43 will be finalized in
 a soon to be released rulemaking and
 will be acceptable for use, where
, required in 40 CFR Parts 260 through
 270, in conjunction with, or in addition
 to, the Second Edition of SW-846 as
 amended by Updates I and II. These 43
 methods were first proposed in the 1984
 Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM),
 and are not being reproposed in today's
 rulemaking. However, of the remaining
 methods, 28 methods not previously •
 proposed for RCRA testing are being
 proposed, and one other method is being
 reproposed by the Agency in today's
 rulemaking.
   Upon review and following comments
 and questions received from the public,
 it was determined that several errors
 existed in the manual. Comments also
 indicated the need to provide additional
 and improved analytical test methods
 for RCRA-related testing. To alleviate
 confusion arising from errors or
 confusing language in the test methods,
 an update package with-revisions and

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                Federal Register / Vol. 54, No. 13 / Monday, January 23, 1989 /• Proposed Rules
                                                                        3213
 clarifications was deemed necessary.
 Thus, the Agency is also proposing the
 use of the first update package to the
 Third Edition, along with the Third
 Edition in today's rulemaking. The first
 update package contains revisions to
 methods in the Third Edition, asrwell as
 14 methods that are new to SW-846. Of
 these, four will  be finalized in a soon to
 be released rulemaking and will be
 acceptable for use, where required in 40
 CFR Parts 260 through 270, in
 conjunction with, or in addition to, the
 Second Edition of SW-848 as amended
 by Updates I and II. These four methods
 were first proposed in the 1984 NPRM,
 and are not being reproposed in today's
 rulemaking. However, the remaining ten
 methods not previously proposed for
 RCRA testing, are being proposed by the
 Agency in today's rulemaking.
 ,  Promulgation of this proposal will
 allow the use of the Third Edition.as
 revised by the first update package for
 all testing for which the Second Edition
 methods are mandated by current RCRA
 regulations (see PROPOSAL, Regulatory
 Status of the Third Edition} and will
 mandate certain Quality Control
 procedures detailed in Chapter One of
 the Third Edition and revised in the first
 update.    '

 II. Proposal  .

A. Methods Substitutions
  The Agency is today proposing to,
 replace  the S W-846 Second Edition
 methods with the versions contained in
 the Third Edition and the first update
 package. These replacements will allow
 the Third Edition as revised by the first
 update to be used for all RCRA testing.
The Agency is making this substitution
 because it believes that the Third
Edition and first update methods are
 improvements on those in the Second
Edition. (See the Background Document
 included in the docket to this proposal
for a specific discussion of these
 changes and why they are
improvements.)        .   •

B. Methods Format
  Comments on the October 1,1984,
Federal Register .proposal also indicated •
 that the Second Edition method formats
.were inconsistent and difficult to follow.
The Agency agreed with these
comments, and made changes
accordingly. The methods were
reviewed by a work group composed of
technical experts from within EPA and
state hazardous waste testing programs;
One of the aims of their efforts was to
edit the  text for technical clarity. The
method  formats, were revised and
standardized into the following format:'
.' 1.0. Scope and Application. -
   2.0  Summary.
   3.0  Interferences.         •     '
   4.0  Apparatus and Materials.
   5.0  Reagents.
   • 6.0  Sample Collection, Preservation,
 and Handling.-.- '.:-                -
   7.0  Procedure.     .     •  • , <
   8.0  Quality Control.
   9.0 , Method Performance.
   10.0  References..
   Section 9.0, Method Performance, is
 new to the Manual. It contains available
 method precision and accuracy data.
 Such data are not available for all
 methods; however, the Agency is
 continuing its data gathering effort and
 will provide the data as they become
 available in future updates.
   Comments also noted that detailed
 procedures and instrument calibration
 procedures were not consistent between
 the EPA solid waste management
 programs (i.e., RCRA and CERCLA),
 even when  essentially identical methods
 were used.  The Office of Solid Waste
 (OSW), therefore, worked with the
 CERCLA program to make the methods
 used in the  two programs as consistent
 as possible. Particularly, OSW changed
 standards and surrogates, calibration
 procedures, and gas chromatographlc
 (GC) analysis conditions of the gas
 chromatographic/mass spectrometric
 (GC/MS) methods.
   In order to 'save space and eliminate
 duplication of information, each group of
 methods that applies to a specific class
 of analytes  or concerns a general
 analytical technique (e.g., atomic
 absorption spectroscopy) is preceded by
 a general method that contains common
 information and analytical guidance.
 Thus, information is not repeated in the
 detailed directions for each analyte.
   The comments also contained many
 requests for additional guidance on
 method selection. EPA responded by
 including a  hew chapter in the Third
 Edition. This chapter, "Choosing the
 Correct Procedure,"  aids the analyst in
 choosing appropriate methods for
 samples based on sample matrix,
 properties to be measured,  and the .
 regulations  requiring the analysis. For
 example, an analysis scheme is
 presented for determining Appendix IX
 analytes in ground water. It give advice
 on suitable, cost-effective SW-846
 methods for the volatile and semi-
 volatile organic analytes, taking into
 account the sample matrix and the      >.
' regulatory requirements.
 C. Regulatory Status of The Third
 Edition
   The hazardous waste regulations   '
 under Subtitle C of RCRA require that
 specific testing methods described in the
 Second Edition of SW-846 be employed
 for certain applications. The following
 sections of 40 CFR require the. use of
 SW-S46 methods:                 ;
   (1) Section 260.22(d)(l)(i)—Submission
 of data in support of petitions to exclude
 a waste produced at a particular facility.
   (2) Section 261.22(a)—Evaluation of
 wastes against the Corrosivity
 Characteristic.
   (3) Section 261.24(a>—Evaluation of
 wastes against the Extraction-Procedure
 Toxicity Characteristic.
   (4) Sections 264.314(a) and
, 265.314(d)—Evaluation of wastes to
 determine if free liquid is a component
 of the waste.   .
   (5) Section 270.62(b)(2)(i}(C)—
 Analysis of wastes prior to conducting a
 trial burn in support of an application  ;
 for a hazardous waste incineration
 permit...             '  . '         .' '
   The Agency is today proposing to
 replace the Second Edition methods
 with the Third Edition methods as
 revised by the first update package to
 .the Third Edition for the reasons
 discussed previously (see" PROPOSAL,
 Methods Substitutions).

 D. Quality Control            .
   EPA is today proposing to make
 selected Quality Control (QG)
 procedures in Chapter One of SW-846
 (specifically Sections 1.2-and 1.3 and
 procedures referenced therein)
 mandatory for all RCRA testing. .Chapter
 One has been modified in order to
 provide consistency and clarification of
 definitions within the regulatory       •
 community as well as the SW-846   .
 manual. These modifications are
 contained in the first update to'the Third
 Edition, also proposed in.today's rule
 and- are republished in Appendix A of
 this Federal Register Notice.
   Appendix A has been added to this
 proposed rule in order to provide the
 public with the specific language that
 will be substituted for the language
 found in Chapter One of the Third
 Edition of the SW-846 manual.
 Additional information regarding the
 rationale  for the first update's revisions
 to Chapter One proposed in today's rule
 and published in Appendix A of this
 Federal Register notice, is included in
 the docket to this proposed rule. These
 QC procedures are proposed to be
 mandatory for all chemical analyses'
 required under RCRA regulations
 codified in 40 CFR Parts 260, 261.262,
 264, 265, 268, and 270 regardless of
 whether or not SW-4346 analytical    •
 methods are used.  Thus, the QC
 procedures are proposed to be   •
 mandatory for required RCRA analyses
 under these-Parts whea SW-846    '
 analytical methods are used, whether or

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3214	FederalRegister/ Vol.  54, Mo. 13 /Monday. January 23, 1989 /  Proposed Rules
not use of these methods are mandatory
under the applicable RGRA regulations
and where a method other than an SW-
848 method is used. The Agency thus
intends to document the quality of data
generated to determine compliance with
the RCRA hazardous waste regulations.
  EPA is proposing to mandate the QC
procedures which are contained in
Section 1.2, (which discusses field and
analytical laboratory QC), and Section
1.3 (which discusses method detection
limits), as well as the procedures
referenced in these two sections. •
  The other sections of Chapter One (1.1
Introduction, 1.4 Data Reporting, 1.5
Quality Control Documentation, and 1.6
References) do not contain QC
procedures. They are included for
completeness but are offered only as
guidance. Many of the proposed
mandated QC procedures listed in
Section 1.2 and 1.3 are described more
fully in Section 8.0 of the applicable
SW-846 method located in later
chapters of the manual. For example,
while instrument calibration is
mandated in Section 1.2.2.3.2, the  ,
diversity of calibration techniques
which are peculiar to specific
instruments and procedures, precludes
the incorporation of all the calibration
techniques described in the different
methods set forth in Chapters Three
through Eight and Ten of SW-846.
Therefore, the reader is referred by  ,
Sections 1.2 and 1.3 to the applicable QC
procedures contained in Section 8.0 of
the applicable RCRA test method in
these chapters of SW-846. These
referenced procedures found hi Section
8.0 of each test method shall also be
mandatory when an SW-848 method is
used. When an SW-^846 method is not
used, the referenced procedures located
in Section 8.0 of the methods shall, of
course, not be mandatory, QC sections
in Chapter One, other than Sections 1.2
and 1.3 and those in 'other parts of the
manual are offered only as guidance.
  The Agency's philosophy is that a QC
program must begin at the1 inception of a
project, continue through collection'and
storage of samples, include all phases of
chemical analyses, and extend through
the interpretation and compilation of
data results; Two basic concepts-used in
a QC program are to: (1) Control errors,
and (2) verify that the entire analytical
method is operating within acceptable
performance limits. Use of qualified
personnel, reliable and well-maintained
equipment, appropriate calibrations and
standards, and close supervision of all
operations are important components of
the QC system.
  Some aspects of such a QC program
are to: (1) Use matrix spikes and    ';
surrogates to provide a means for
 generating accurate analytical data of
 documented quality to determine that
 the required sensitivity is being
 achieved; (2) use duplicates to indicate
 the existence of gross errors; (3) use
 field QC to show that the sample is free
 from contamination errors introduced in
 sampling and handing; (4) use standard
 curves and check samples to indicate
 proper instrument calibration; and (5)
 use detection and quantification limit
 criteria to show that the method
 detection limit was adequate to detect
 analytes at or below a regulatory
 threshold and assist in the identification
 ,of possible sources of error and
 laboratory problems. A quality-control
 program can be divided into two main
 categories:  (1) Field Quality Control and
 (2) Laboratory Quality Control.

 1. Field Quality Control
   It is the intention of the Agency to
 mandate the QC procedures in Section
 1.2.1  of SW-846 in order to eliminate
 improper sampling and handling
• techniques  and, thus, minimize potential
 errors that could skew data results.
 Areas of concern in field QC include
 sampling techniques; documentation of
 pre-field, field,-and post-field activities;
 and generation of QC samples such as
 field duplicate samples (taken from the
 same sampling point to the field), trip .
 blanks, field blanks and equipment
 blanks. Quality control in these areas is
 necessary to document that sampling
 equipment is properly calibrated,
 containers are  appropriately prepared,
 representative samples are taken, and
 proper shipping procedures are
 followed.
   This section of SW-846 mandates, that
 documentation of compliance with the
 requirements for field activities be
 maintairied and made available upon
 request.
 2. Analytical Laboratory Quality Control
   Section 1.2.2 discusses analytical
 laboratory QC procedures. The QC
 procedures described are intended to be
 applied to all chemical analytical
 procedures. The purpose of laboratory
 QC is to provide information about the
 quality of the data as-they are being
 produced. Data quality, is usually
 expressed in terms of accuracy,
 precision, and  detection limit of the
 analytical method. Accuracy is a
 measurement of the closeness of an
 individual measurement, or an average
 of a number of measurements to the true
 value. Accuracy is generally represented
 as percent recovery.
   Precision is defined as a measure of
 reproducibility among individual -
 measurements of the same arialyte
 under specified conditions. Instrument
 and overall method precision are often
 expressed as the coefficient of variation,
 standard deviation, percent difference,
 and/or relative standard deviation. The
 sections on precision are currently
 included in the interest of completeness.
 The Agency is not seeking to mandate
 the determination of precision in this
 rulemaking since significant precision
 data cannot be obtained from the
 analysis of one replicate or duplicate as
 proposed here. The Agency is soliciting
 comment on appropriate ways to
 determine method precision in the
 sample matrix", especially when the  •
 number of samples in the batch is.
 limited.
   More accurate results may be
 obtained by instituting a QC program
 which demands that the degree  of
 variability of all operating parameters
 that are under the control of the analyst
 be kept within the control limits.
 However, the QC system does not
 ensure this. Results from QC procedures
. are used to document data quality, to
 verify that the analytical system is
 working well on a given matrix/analyte
 combination, to indicate whether
 instruments are operating properly, and
 to indicate when additional sample
 cleanup or other corrections need to be
 made. The QC data are indicators, but
 themselves do not change the quality of
 the analytical data.
   Table 1 contains analytical QC
 requirements and their frequency of
 application. It also clarifies some of the
 terms used in Sections 1.2 and 1,3 of
 Chapter One. The QC requirements in
 Table 1 will produce qualitative and
 quantitative information about the
 generated data. If the QC data indicate
 that any aspect of the system is  out of
 control, measures must be taken to bring
 it back into control. The Agency is
 considering including the use of control
 charts in the QC requirements and
 invites comments.  .                  :
   Standard:curves covering the  .
 analytical range of interest for
 calibrating analytical instruments are
 required to define the linear calibration
 range which can be used for
 environmental sample analyses.
   GC/MS Quality Control presents
 slightly expanded method-specific
 requirements that are necessary to   '
 guarantee proper determination and
 identification of the analytes. This
 involves special instrument tuning,
 verification of retention times, mass
 spectral correlation with an authentic
 standard of a particular analyte, and the
 use of surrogates. These QC procedures
 are found in the individual methods.
   All QC data must be recorded and
 maintained by the laboratory for later

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                   Federal Register /  Vol. 54,  No. 13  / Monday, January  23, 1989 /  Proposed  Rules
                                                                                                                          3215
verification and must be available upon request for a period of 3 years from the date the data are reported.

                 ;.• =  •:             TABLE 1^QC REQUIREMENTS AND FREQUENCY OF APPLICATION
 QC Parameter
                                       Frequency
                                                                                                        Comments
Matrix spikes	

Replicates (See
  Figure 1).   •
Blanks..
Field duplicates
  (See Figure
Check standard..

Surrogates .........

Column check
  sample.
Column check
  sample blank.
Standard
  curves.
GC/MS   ,
  instrument
  performance
 ' check.  '.
One per analytical  batch  per matrix-or  every  20 samples.
  whichever is greater.         . '  •>         ......'..
One per analytical  batch  per 'matrix'or  every  20 samples,
 - whichever is1 greater.  •       :•-.  ••;
One per analytical  batch  per matrix  or  every  20 samples,
  whichever is greater.   '               .              ,
One per analytical  batch  per matrix  or  every  20 samples,
  whichever is greater.


One per analytical batch or every  20 samples,  whichever  is
  greater.                            "
Add prescribed surrogates to every blank, standard, sample and
  QC sample.                                     .;
One per batch of adsorbent	
One per batch of adsorbent	...:..	

Refer to specific method for necessary periodic calibration......;	

Initial 5-point calibration  is to- be verified  with' a single  point
  calibration once every  12 hrs of instrument operation and H
  the sensitivity and linearity criteria are not met, a new 5-ppint
  initial calibration must be generated.
Replicate samples are separate aliquots taken from the same sample container
  in the laboratory and analyzed independently. Evaluation of replicate data can
 .indicate the existence  of• gross  errors in the analysis.  In cases where
.  aliquoting is impossible  (i.e., volatiles), duplicate samples must be taken for
  replicate analysis.
Field  duplicate  samples are two  separate  samples taken from  the same
  sampling point in the field (i.e., in separate containers and analyzed independ-
  ently). Evaluation of duplicate data can indicate the existence of gross errors
  in the sampling technique.
Only for volatile and semi-volatile organics and pesticides.

Applies to adsorbent chromatography and back  extractions of organic corn-
  pounds.                  .
Applies to adsorbent chromatography and back  extractions of ,organlc com-
  pounds.                     ••.'•..,                       .
As prescribed by specific methods.

Performed to meet tuning criteria of the instrument as specified in the GC/MS
  methods. Organic  analytes shall be checked with a 4-bromofluorobenzene
  (BFB) for  determination of volatiles .and with  decafluorotriphenylphosphine
  (DFTPP) for determination of semi-volatiles.
BILLING CODE 6560-50-M

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3216
Federal Register / VoL 54, No. 13 / Monday, January 23,1989 / Proposed Rules
                                          SAMPLING POINT
                                                 OR
                                        SOURCE IN THE  FIELD
            FIELD; DUPLICATE I
                                                                 FIELQ: DUPLICATE  I!
   REPLICATE  IA
             REPLICATE IB
                                                       REPLICATE IIA
                                                                   REPLICATE IIB
Figure 1.   Sampling Chart for Field Duplicates and Replicates.


	  Collected 1n the  field


             Analyzed 1n the laboratory
                                               -16-
BILUHQ CODE 4560-50-C

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                 Federal Register / Vol. 54, No. 13  / Monday,  January 23,  1989 / Proposed Rules
                                                                                                                3217
   When the analytical data are used to
 demonstrate compliance-with a
 regulation, Data Quality Objective, or
 other study objective, any and all values
 reported as less than a specified
 regulatory threshold must be verified. If,
 no regulatory threshold is mandated for .
 the analyte of interest, any and all
 values'reported as less than the method
. detection limit must be verified. The
 analyst must demonstrate the method's.
 ability to detect the analyte of concern
, in the sample matrix. This is
                                  accomplished using a "clean" sample;
                                  for example, tint base would be a
                                  suitable "clean" representative matrix
                                  when testing paint waste; or upgradient
                                  ground water (from the same aquifer) .
                                  could be a suitable "clean"
                                  i representative matrix when testing
                                  monitoring well samples. •   •   •
                                  EJ Methods Inclusion and Exclusion
                                    The majority of the methods proposed
                                  for addition to SW-846 on October 1,
                                  1984, are included in the Third Edition of
                          .SW-846. Some proposed methods and
                          :some methods in the Second Edition are
                          not. included becausei problems were
                          encountered during their evaluation.'
                          Data generated by .the public and by
                          EPA demonstrated that the methods
                          could not be used in their published1
                          form for the purpose stated in the
                          method. These methods are listed in
                          Table 2. More detailed information can
                          be found in the technical support
                          document,  which is located in the EPA
                          RCRA'Docket F-89-WTMP-FFFFF.,
                              TABLE 2.—METHODS NOT INCLUDED IN THE THIRD EDITION OF SW-846
  Method
                                Title
                                                                                          Comments
    1120
    3560
    7551
    8320

    8330

    8410.
    8411
    6600
    8610
    8620

    8630
    9011
    9037
Electrochemical Corrosion	....;.
Reverse Phase Cartridge Extraction.,
Osmium (AA; Furnace Technique)	
Miscellaneous Compounds by HPLC	
Thioureas..
Formaldehyde, Basic and Acidic Medium..
Heirarchical Analysis Protocol..*...'..................,	'.	
Total Aromatics by Ultraviolet Spectrpscopy..-	
Total  Nitrogen-Phosphorous  Gas  Chromatographabie. Com-
,. pounds..         "    '•-.'''•.''  : "'•'.'.     :.  ' ,
Derivatizatioii Procedure for Appendix VIII Compounds....:......:......
Photodegradable Cyanides..........;	!..'.	'.	*.!:
Sulfate, Gravimetric...:......	...„..,..	:....	......
Method not equivalent to reference method.              •               ,
Lack of sufficient data on column pre-treatment and conditioning, elution sequences,
  elution volumes, and the effect of the loading of organic compounds on the column to
  permit method to be adequately defined.                  ,           ' "  . •
EPA study indicates accuracy problems.            •
Np supporting data on effectiveness of cleanup procedures and HPLG to determine the
  analytes. Questionable precision and accuracy.'.                   ' .•:'••. -\
No supporting data on effectiveness of cleanup procedures and HPLC to determine the
  analytes. Questionable precision and accuracy.
Too .susceptible  to interferences, for application  to ground  water and solid waste
  matrices.                             ,.;•,,      .
Method not sensitive enough for its intended purpose. .
Method not sensitive enough for ife intended purpose.            '       '  .'•
Method not sensitive enough for its intended purpose.      •        '/.-'••-

Method not sensitive enough for rts intended purppse,       .  . *"'/'.''    •    ' ';
Uncertain how test and results'relate to the environment arid the.'regulations.-   •     -
Precision and sensitivity not adequate, Interferencerprone and therefore not-appropriate
  for environmental assay.  .                   ,,/,.,..
   The methods described in SW-846 are
 not mandatory for all testing under
 RCRA. Currently, only §§ 260.22(d)(l)(i),
 261.22(a), 261.24(a), 264.314(c},
 265.314(d), and 270.62(b)(2){i){CJ.of 40
 CFR require use of SW-846 methods.
 The proposed Third Edition will not
 alter the current testing requirements.
   The Third Edition contains 72
 methods that are new to SW-846 and
 are listed in Table 3. Of these, 43 will be
 finalized in a soon to be released
 "rulemaking, and will be acceptable for
 use, where required in 40 CFR Parts 260
 through 270, in conjunction with, or in-
 addition to, the Second Edition of SW-
 846  as amended by Updates -I and II.
                                  , Data generated by the public and by
                                   EPA for the 43 methods have
                                   demonstrated that the method precision
                                   and accuracy are adequate for the     :
                                   purpose stated. Although listed in Table
                                   3, the Agency is not reproposing these 43
                                   methods in today's rule. These methods
                                   are listed in Table 3 solely to notify the
                                   public that these methods are appearing
                                   for the first time in the Third Edition of
                                   SW-846. The Agency is today proposing
                                   the remaining 29 methods found in
                                   Table 3 for public comment/Of these 29
                                   methods, some were extracted and
                                   reformatted from earlier methods. For
                                   example, some of the organic         .
                                   procedures in the Second  Edition were
                           made up of several methods (i.e.,
                           separation/extraction, cleanup, and •
                           determinative methods). Several.of    ,.
                           these procedures Were divided and the
                           component methods given individual
                           numbers. Thus, these methods listed in
                           Table 3 are not new to SW-846, but are
                           simply appearing independently under a
                           new number. Finally, one method,
                          . Method 9090, is being reproposed. This.
                           method was extensively revised since it •
                           was- first proposed on October 1,1984;  .
                           The Agency  seeks comment on this
                           revised version and, therefore, decided
                           to repropose this method rather than to
                           finalize it.
                               TABLE 3..—NEW METHODS INCLUDED IN THE THIRD EDITION OF SW-846
  Method
  0010"
  0020s
  0030"
  1320«

  1330"
  3005
  3500
                                Title
Modified Method 5 Sampling Train	
Source Assessment Sampling System..
Volatile Organic Sampling Train...	
Multiple Extraction Procedure	
Extraction Procedure for Oily Wastes	,	
Acid Disgestion of  Waters for Total Recoverable or Dissolved
  Metals for Analysis by Flame Atomic Absorption or ICP Spec-
  troscopy.
Organic Extraction and Sample .Preparation	
                                                                                          Comments
Stack sampling method for semi-volatile compounds.
Stack sampling method for semi-volatile compounds.                   .   .
Stack sampling method for organic compounds.
Extraction procedure used for delisting wastes that are stabilized, encapsulated, or'
  chemically fixed.                      •            .
Extraction procedures for removal of oil or grease that may interfere with the EP test.
Provides digestion technique for dissolved metals in a water matrix.


Serves as an introduction to 35XX series methods dealing wjih quantitative extraction of
  volatile and semivolatile organic compounds from various sa-nple matrices.

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3218
          Federal Register /  Vol. 54, No.'13 /  Monday,  January  23,  1989'/Proposed  Rofes
                           TABtE 3.—NEW MiETHODS INCLUDED IWTHE TfHffiO EDITION' OF SW-84&—Continued1
Method
                                    Title
                                                                                                       Comments
3580

3600

3610"

3611*
3620*

3630*

3640*
36SO«

3660
3810

3820
5040*

6010*
7000

7028
7090*
709t»
7140
7198*
7200
7201
7310*
7380"
7450
7460"
7480
748t
7550
7770*
7840"
7841*
7870
7910*
7911*
7950*
8000

8280

0012
8022*
8035"
9036*
9038*
9041
9045
9050
9060*
9065*
9066*
9067*
9070*
9071*
9080*
9081*
9090*
9100*

3131*
9232*
9200*
9250*
9251*
9252*
9310*
9315*
9320*
         Waste Dilution...
Alumina Column Cleanup..-
Alumina Column Cleanup and Separation of Petroleum Wastes....
Ftorisir Cokimn Cleanup.....................	i,	
Silica Gel Cleanup...
Gel-Permeation Cleanup	
Actd-Baso Partition Cleanup	
Sulfur Cleanup.....
Hcadspace	
Hexadecane Extraction and Screening of Purgeable Organics ........
Protocol for Analysis of Sorbent Cartridges- from Volatile Organic
  SampHng Train.
Inductively Coupled* Plasma Atomic Emission Speetroscopy ............
Atomic Absorption Methods ................. ».....»..»«.......» ..... . ..... ...... ...... «.

Afumkiura (AA, Direct Aspiration}...- ......................... . __________ ............ .
Beryllium (AA, Direct' Aspiration).. ....... _ ..... „. ....... _ ...... ..„ ................ ....
BofyWunr. (AA, Furnace Technique}-. ______________ ....... ---------- . ......... .-.,
Calcium (AA, Direct Aspiration) ....... » ____ ...... .......... . ..... «.« .................. ,
Chromium,  Hexavatent (Differential: Pulse Polargraphy) .............. ......
Cobalt (AA, Direct Aspiration)...... ............. ~ ...... -» .................... . ......... -.
Cobalt (AA, Furnace Technique)-. ------------------ .......... - ................ .....
Copper (AA, Direct  Aspiration)- ..... ______ .................... ; ............ _ ..............
Iron (AA, Direct Aspiration) ....................................... »..„ ...................... .
Magnesium (AA, Direct Aspiration) ........................................... „ ......... ,
Manganese (AA, Direct Aspiration)'. ......... „ ...........................................
Molybdenum (AA, Direct Aspiration)-. [[[
Melybdenum- (A*, Furnace Technique) ._ ............................................ ,
Osmium (AA, Direct Aspiration) ..................................... .. ............ .• ________
Potassium- (AA, Direct Aspiration).: [[[
Sodium (AA\ Direct  Aspiration) ................................................ . .............
Thallium (AA, Direct Aspiration) ............... .*. ..........................................
Thaltkim (AAv Ftirnaes Technique). -------- .
Tin. (AA, Direct AsplrationJ. ___ -•_.. ..... .
Vanadium (AA, Direct Aspiration) —
Vanadium (AA, Furnace' Technique)-. .......... _,...
SBC (AA, Direct AspfraHonr
The Analysis of Polychlorihafed Dibenzo-fHjioxins and Pojychlo-
  rtnatect Dfbtnzorurans.
Total tnd Amenable Cyanidea ..„._... ...... _....„ ............. _ ....... ........ ......
Tola! Organic Halides (TOX>by Neutron Activation Analysis ._ _______
                          '
Eutfate-.	
pH Paper Method.
SotlpH~	„	„	„	
Specific Conductenca—	'.	
Phenolics.™
Total Recoverable Oil and Grease ..... -------- ..................
Oil and Grease Extraction Method (or Sludge Samples
Cation-Exchange Capacity of Soite. ------ . ------- ....... — ..
Cation-Exchange Capacity, of Soils -------------- ......... -------
Compatability Test for Wastes and Membrane Liners ....... ........ . ......
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity* Saturated. Leachate Conductivi-
  ty, and Intrinsic Permeabilty.                           .
Conform.
Coliform.
Nitrate....
Chloride
Solvent dilutions procedure foe npnaqueous waste samples nonaqueous. waste, samples,
  prior to cleanup and/or analysis.
Serves as an introduction to 36XX series methods which diminish, or eliminate extrane-
  ous materials from the waste sample.
Separation of analytes of a narrow polority range from interfering peaks of a different
  polarity.                      .
Prowes a cleanup technique- for oily matrices.. Proposed) as. Method 3570..
Separation of analytes of a narrow polarity range from interfe'rihg peafcs of a different
  polarity.                                                          :
Separation- of analytes of a narrow polarity range tern interfering peaks of a different
  polarity.  ,
Separation of high molecular weight material from sample analytes.
Separation of base/neutral organic extractable fraction from the acid organic extractable
  fraction..                                                  .
Elimination of sulfur (which may cause peaks) from sample extracts.
Formerly  Second  Edition Method  5020. It is  now  approved  only as a  screening
  technique because of- problems with precision and. accuracy;               •
Qualitative screening procedure for use with purge-and-trap GC or GC/MS.
Provides quantitative analysis method following VOST colleetiort.  Proposed- as; Method
  3720;    .                                       •         •      ;  '
General method for multiple element determination.
Serves as an introduction to 7XXX series methods dealing with quantitative analysis, of
  metals.        .
Flame AA method:       .                :
Flame AA method.
Graphite fumaee AA method.                                       ••    i      •
Flame AA metthod.       '       .
Differential1 pulse polarogyap'ny method'.                            ,
Flame AA method.                                 •
Graphite fumaee XvA methodl
Rame AA method,
Rame AA metliod.
Flame AA method.
Rame AA .method;
Frame AA method;                                                   '
Graphite furnace /tA method:                     '
Flame- AA method.
Flame AA method.
Flame AA method.                                       ,
Flame AA method.  ,                                                •    •
Graphite furnace AA method.'
Flame -AA metbod;.
Flame AA method..
Graphite furnace AV\ method:
Flame.- AA method;.
Serves, as an- jntredueiipr* to' 8KXX series methods stealing wife quantaa«\» analysfe of
  organic analytes.
Betermination  of tetra-penta-,, hepta-,  hexay,.  and  octachlorinated iSbenzo-p-dteina
  (peDDs)-and dibenzofurans. (PCDFs) in chemical wastes.
Automated quantitative analytical method.
Neutron activation adds alternate' analytical technique.                    ,
Automated «hloranilata colorimetnG method,
Automated methyHhymbl blue, autoanalyzer II colorimetric method-
Turbidirnetfic method.
Paper method' adds alternate analytical technique
Analytical' technique- to> determine p'H in solid; matrices.
Analytical techniqiie to, determine conductivity.
Infrared determination of carbon, dioxide.
Manual; *-AAP with distillation spectrophotdmetric method;
Automated 4-AAP' with-' distillation1 spectrophotometie method;
MBTH: vniih, distillation sp8ctrop}ioionnetric method    •
Total oil and grease for liquids. Gravimetric, separatory funnel extraction.
Total oil and grease for solids.
So* Hnef evaluation using iammonium aeetate.
Soil liner evaluation using, sodium acetate.,
U'ner compatability test for flexible membrane liners.
General' methods- for- hydraulic conductivity and liner psaneabHity.          -

Mullipla tube fermentation technique.             ,
IMembrane filter, technique;                                              "
Chorida	:.
Chotidtt,
Gross Alpha and-Bete-.
Alpha-Emitting Radium Isotopes...;....'..	—	_	—•_..
Radtum-228	«	«	«	«	-	
Aotomated^ferricyanide autoanalyzer l-colorimetrie mschod:
Automated* ferricyanide autoanalyzer II colorimetric method.
Mercune nitrate1 titrtmetric method;
Senoral. radioactivity method.,      .
Total radium meth-pk      '  !  .  •    '
Radium 228 method.
    •Those methods, wilt be- finalized in a soon to- be teleasedi ratemakiirg, and, thus, are not being proposed in today's rule. They are, however, new to the- Third
EditSon oJ SW-846.                               '                                             ^
    > Tnosa methods were formerly sections within the SOOO method series in the Second Edition of SW-846.
    «.This method was formerly Method 3530 in the Second Edition of SW-846. .                  .                      .

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                                                                                                             3219
  Information on method precision,
accuracy and a more detailed
explanation of the Agency's, rationale
for the deletions and inclusions listed in
Tables 2 and 3 can be found in the
Technical Support Document, which is
located in the EPA RCRA Docket F-89-
WTMP-FFFFF.
  Guidance methods issued by EPA on
July 12,1985, for the determination of
reactive cyanides and sulfides in wastes
have been included in the Third Edition
for the convenience of persons
evaluating wastes. These methods may
be used for assessing whether a waste is
a reactive waste by reason of toxic gas
generation (reactivity), pending
development and proposal of more
accurate tests.
  Table 4 summarizes the revisions
included in the first update for the Third
Edition of the methods manual and '
proposed today for public comment.
These revised methods are being issued
to subscribers in the first update
package. More detailed information on
these changes can be found in the
Technical Support Document available
in the RCRA docket.
                           TABLE 4.—REVISIONS INCLUDED IN UPDATE t, SW-846, THIRD EDITION
Method
Chapter 1 .„
Chapter 2 	 .. .. 	 	 . • .
Chapter 4 	 . .
Chapter 7 	 ,
1310— EP TOX Test Method 	 	 „.; 	
1330 — Extraction Procedure for Oily Wastes 	 _ 	 „ 	
3005 — Acid Digestion of Waters (or Total Recoverable or Dissolved
Metals for Analysis by FLAA or ICP.
3010 — Acid Digestion of Aqueous Samples and Extracts for Total
Metals for Analysis by FLAA or ICP.
3020— Acid Digestion of Aqueous Samples and Extracts for Total
Metals for Analysis by GFAA.
3050— Acid Digestion of Sediments, Sludges, and Soils 	
3510 — Separatory Funnel Liquid-Liquid Extraction 	 _ 	 : 	 	
3520— Continuous Liquid-Liquid Extraction 	 	 ._. 	 .'.
3540— Soxhlet Extraction- 	 	 '_. 	 - _ . „ 	 	 „
3600 — Cleanup 	 _^ 	 ._ 	 „ . •
3650— Acid-Base Partition Cleanup 	 _ 	 	 	 	 „ 	
5030 — Purge-and-Trap ._ 	 ... 	 	 _.-. 	 _
6010— Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy 	
7000— Atomic Absorption Methods. 	 _ ..._ „ _'
7061— Arsenic (AA, Gaseous Hydride)...... 	 	 	 	
7196— Chromium, Hexavalent (Cotorimetric) 	 „ 	 „.
7760— Silver (AA, Direct Aspiration) 	
8000 — Gas Chromatography 	 „...„.„..„....„ „ „.
8010— Halogenated Volatile Organics 	 	 	 	 	
8015 — Non-halogenated Volatile Organics „ 	 . 	 „ 	
8030 — Acrolein, Acrylonitrile, Acetonitrile 	 	 	
8040— Phenols..: 	 _ 	 : 	
81 20— Chlorinated Hydrocarbons 	 . 	 	 	
8150— Chlorinated Herbicides 	 „ 	 	 	 	 .-. 	 	
8240— GO/MS for Volatile Organics 	 „... 	 .....'..„.
8250— GC/MS for Semivolatile Organics: Packed Column Tech-
nique.
8270— GC/MS for Semivolafile Organics; CapBlary Column 	
9010— Total and Amenable Cyanide _ 	 	 „_ 	 „ 	
9030— Acid-Soluble and Acid-Insoluble Sulfides 	 _ 	 .....
9090 — Compatibility Test for Wastes and Membrane Liners

Indication of change
Partial revision 	 	 . 	 ....
.do
„.;. do 	 - 	
	 do 	 	 	
	 do 	 .__..
	 do 	 	 _
......do 	 .....v 	
... do ... ..
do
.... do
	 do 	
... do 	 	 	
do
do
Total Revision

Total Revision 	 	 	

.. do ._..._ - . .
do

Partial Revision "'
.... do-
do '
do .
do _ _
	 do 	 	 	 	 ...
do
•„. do . _ _ 	 	
.... do .
	 do 	 	 	 	 ...
Total Revision . .
	 do..~ 	 _ 	


. • . • Reason for change
Clarification of the definitions

additions and deletions to analyte lists.
Change in soil/sediment and concentrated waste holding time
Revision and clarification of reactive cyanide procedure.
Addition of reference to Chapter 7.
Revision to procedure and calculation formula.
Revision to list of applicable metals; clarification of appropriate
determinative procedure.
Revision to list of applicable . metals* clarification of procedure
Revision to fist of 'applicable methods.
Do
Clarification In procedure.
Clarification in procedure.
Clarification specifies cycles/hr
•Clarification in procedure •
Clarification irt procedure* addition of Table of Anatytes.

errors. ,
Deletion of non-applicable steps; addition of metals.

Revision of quality control procedures.
Revision of calibration standard and spike concentration.

Revision of calculation formula.
Deletion of analytes f rorri Table 1 ; clarification H*r procedure.


POL1 listed for all matrices
Deletion of analytes from Table 1 .
Addition of waste preparation step* addition of operational param-
eters; correction of errors.
Addition of other operational parameters; additional solvents for
. waste; correction of errors. • " .
Text correction in matrix spikes.
Addition of other operational parameters; correction of errors.

Addition of semi-quantitative • method for acid insoluble sulfides;
additional performance data.

    1 Practical Quantitation Limit.
  The first update to the Third Edition
contains 14 methods that are new to
SW-846 |nd are listed in Table 5. Of
these, foufi will be finalized in a soon to
be releasffl rulemaking, and will be
acceptabj|rfor use, where required in 40
CFR Paulf 260 through 270, in
conjundpm with, or in addition to, the
SeconePEdition of SW-846 as amended
,by Updates I and II. Although listed in
Table 5, the Agency is not reproposing
these four methods in today's rule.
These methods are listed in Table 5
solely to notify the public that these
methods are appearing for the first time
in the Third Edition of SW-846. The
Agency is today proposing the
remaining ten methods found in Table 5
for public comment. These new methods
are being issued to subscribers in the
first update package. More detailed
information on these new methods can
be found in the Technical Support
Document available in the RCRA
docket.

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3220
Federal Register / Vol.  54,  No. 13 / Monday,  January 23, 1989 / Proposed Rules
                           TABLE 5.—NEW METHODS INCLUDED IN UPDATE I, SW-846, THIRD EDITION
                            Method
                                                                                     Reason for inclusion
••7081—Barium (AA. furnace technique)	
•7211—Coppaf (AA, fumaca technique)	»•
•7381—Iron (AA. fumaco technique)	
7430—UthkMTi (AA, direct aspiration)		•
•7461—Manganesa (AA, furnace technique)	>.	
"7761—Silver (AA, furnace technique)	
7780—Strontium (AA, direct aspiration)	.-	'.	••	-
•7S51—Zinc (AA, furnace technique)	<•••	
8011—1,2-Dibromoothans and 1,2-Dtt>romo-3-chloropropane in Water by Micro-
  extraction and Gas Chromatography.
8021—Violates In Water by Purge and Trap Capillary Column GO with  PID and
  ELCD hi Series.                                    .
6070—Nitrosamlnes	:	
8110-Hatoethers.,.	~	•-••	••
8141—Orflanophosphorus Pesticides	-	
8260—GC/MS for Volatile) Organfcs: Capillary Column Technique	
8021—Purgeabte Organic HalWes	
8031-ExtractaWe Sulfkjes	.......
                                              Provides lower detection limit and analytical flexibility.      '
                                              Provides lower detection limit and analytical flexibility.
                                              Provides lower detection limit and analytical flexibility.
                                              No previous determinative method; needed to support incineration regulations.
                                              Provides lower detection limit and analytical flexibility.
                                              Provides lower detection limit and analytical flexibility.
                                              No previous determinative method.
                                              Provides lower detection limit and analytical, flexibility.
                                              Determines compounds not listed in any other SW-846 method.        '

                                              Offers lower detection limit and improved resolution; allows concurrent analysis of
                                                aromaties and halocarbons.   -
                                              No previous determinative method.    '                                .
                                              No previous 'determinative method.
                                              Capillary column technique; additional performance data for soil samples.
                                              Determines volatile organics using GC/MS capillary  (as  opposed to packed)
                                                column technique.
                                              Provides  quick  screening procedure;  eliminates need for carbon adsorption.
                                              Includes additional matrices.      •
    •Thesa methods will be finalized in a soon to be released rulemaking. They are, however, being ^submitted to subscribersi for thefirst timein this update.
    "These methods were finalized in the Second Edition of SW-846. They were inadvertently omitted from the Third Edition and are not being proposed as new.
 III. State Authority

 A. Applicability of Rules in Authorized
 States
   Under section 3006 of RCRA, EPA
 may authorize qualified States to
 administer and enforce the RCRA
 program within the State. (See 40 CFR
 Part 271 for the standards and
 requirements for authorization.)
 Following authorization, EPA retains
 enforcement authority under sections  •
 3008, 7003 and 3013 of RCRA,-although
 authorized States have primary
 enforcement responsibility.
   Prior to the Hazardous and Solid
 Waste Amendments of 1984 [HSWA), a
 State with final authorization
 administered its hazardous waste
 program entirely in lieu of EPA.
 administering the Federal program in
 that State. The Federal requirements no
 longer applied in the authorized State,
 and EPA could not issue permits for any
 facilities in the State which the State
 was authorized to permit. When new,
 more stringent Federal requirements
 were promulgated or enacted, the State
 was obliged to enact equivalent
 authority within specified time frames.
 New Federal requirements did not take
 effect in an authorized State until the
 Slate adopted the requirements as State
 law.
   In contrast, under section 3006(g) of
 RCRA, 42 U.S.C. 6926(g), new
 requirements and prohibitions imposed
 by  the HSWA take effect in authorized
 States at  the same time that they take
 effect in nonauthorized States. EPA is
 directed to carry out those requirements
 and prohibitions in authorized States,
 including the issuance of permits, until
 the State is granted authorization to do
 so. While States must still adopt
                          HSWA-related provisions as State law
                          to retain final authorization, the HSWA
                          applies in authorized States in the
                          interim.             .            .

                          B. Effect on State Authorizations
                            Today's rule proposes standards that
                          would not be effective in authorized
                          States since the requirements would not
                          be imposed pursuant to the Hazardous
                          and Solid Waste Amendments of 1984.
                          Thus, the requirements will be
                          applicable only in those States that do
                          not have interim of final authorization.
                          In authorized States, the requirements
                          will not be applicable until the State
                          revises.its program .to adopt equivalent
                          requirements under State law.
                             40 CFR 271.21(e)(2) requires that
                          States that have final authorization must
                          modify their programs to reflect Federal
                          program changes and must subsequently
                          submit the modifications to EPA for
                          approval. The deadline by which the
                          State must modify its program to adopt
                          this proposed regulation will be
                          determined by the date of promulgation
                          of the final rule in accordance with
                          § 271.21(e). These deadlines can be
                          extended in certain cases (40 CFR
                          271.21(e)(3)). Once EPA approves the
                          modification, the State requirements
                          become Subtitle C RCRA requirements.
                             States with authorized RCRA
                          programs may already have
                          requirements similar to those in today's-
                          rule. These State regulations have not
                          been assessed against the Federal
                          regulations being proposed today to
                          determine whether they meet the tests
                          for authorization. Thus, a State is not
                           authorized to carry out these
                           requirements in lieu of EPA until the
                           State program modification is submitted
                           to EPA and approved. Of course, States
with existing standards may continue to
administer and enforce their standards
as a matter of State law.
 -  States that submit their official
application for final authorization Jess
than 12 months after the effective date
of these standards are not required to
include standards equivalent to these
standards in their application. However,
the  State must modify its program by the
deadlines set forth in  § 271.21(e). States
, that submit official applications  for final
authorization 12 months after the  ;
effective  date of those standards must
include standards equivalent to  these
standards in their application. 40 CFR
271.3 sets forth the requirements a State
must meet when submitting its final
authorization application.

IV.  Economic and Regulatory Impacts

A. Regulatory-Impact Analysis

   Under  Executive -Order 12291, EPA
must determine whether a regulation is
 "Major",  and, therefore, subject to the
 requirement of a Regulatory Impact
 Analysis. The total additional
 annualized cost for substituting  the
 Second Edition of SW-846 with  the
 Third Edition of,SW-846 and for
 mandating specified Quality Control -
 procedures for all testing conducted
 under the hazardous waste
 identification and management
 regulation of RCRA has been
 conservatively estimated at $60 million,
'which is well below the $100 million that
 constitutes a major regulation. EPA has.
 also determined that  this proposed rule
 will not cause a major increase  in
 prices, and will not have a significant
 adverse  effect on competition or the
 ability of U.S. enterprises to compete
 with foreign enterprises. Increased costs
*;

-------
           13 ^   opda'an"ary 23' 1989 ^  Proposed Rules
                                                                                                              3221.
 could result from the minimal additional
 quality control compliance and
 recordkeeping involved in implementing
 this proposed rule. Since the procedures
 mandated by these rules are those
 already performed by reputable
 laboratories, few laboratories are likely
 to be significantly impacted by this rule.
 Detailed information on the costs of the
 proposal and a brief regulatory impact
 analysis can be found in the background
 document located in EPA RCRA Docket
 F-89-WTMP^FFFFF.
 B. Regulatory Flexibility Act
  Pursuant to the Regulatory Flexibility
 Act (5 U.S.C. 601-6*2, Pub. L. 96-354,
 September 19,1880), whenever an
 agency is required to publish a general
 notice of rulemaking for any proposed or
 final rule, it must prepare and make
 available for public comment a
 regulatory flexibility analysis (RFA) that
 describes 'the impact of the rule on small
 entities (i.e., small businesses, small
 organizations, and small governmental
 jurisdictions}. No regulatory flexibility
 analysis is required, however, if the
 head of the agency certifies that the rule
 will have a significant impact on a
 substantial number of small entities.
  This rule will not require the purchase
 of new instruments or equipment. The
 proposed Quality Control is basic and
 the Agency believes that most
 laboratories have already implemented
 the use of these QC procedures. The
 regulation requires no new reports
 beyond those now required. The
 analytical techniques approved here can
 either be handled by small facilities, or
 are widely "available by contract at a
 reasonable price. EPA is certifying that
 this proposed rule, if promulgated, will
 not have  a significant economic impact
 on a substantial number of small entities
 (as defined by the RFA). Thus, the
 proposed regulation does not require a ,
 RFA. Therefore, in accordance with 5
 U.S.C. 605(b), I hereby certify that 1his
rule will nqt have a significant adverse
 economic impact on a substantial
number of small facilities.
 C. Paperwork Reduction Act
, The information collection
requirements in this proposed rule have
been submitted for approval to the
Office of Management and Budget
 (OMB)  under the Paperwork Reduction
Act, 44U,S.G. 3501 et seq. An
Information Collection Request
document has been prepared by EPA
 (ICR No. 1485) and a copy may be     •
obtained from Richard Westlund,
Information Policy Branch, PM-223, U.S^
Environmental Protection Agency, 401M
St., SW.» Washington, DC 20460, or by
calling (202) 382-2745.
    Public reporting burden-for this
  collection of information is estimated to
  average 0.5 hour per response, including
  time for reviewing instructions,
  searching existing data sources,  •
  gathering and maintaining the data
  needed, and completing and reviewing
  the collection of information.
    Send comments regarding the burden
  estimate or any other aspect of this
  collection of information, including
  suggestions for reducing this burden, to
  Chief, Information Policy Branch, PM-
  223, U.S. Environmental Protection
  Agency, 401 M St., SW., Washington, DC
  20460; and to the Office of Information
  and Regulatory Affairs, Office of
  Management and Budget, Washington,
  DC 20503, marked "Attention: Desk
  Officer for EPA." The final rule will
  respond to any OMB or public
•  comments on the information collection
  requirements contained in this proposal.

  List of Subjects in 40 CFR Parts 260,261,
  262,264,265,268, and 270

    Chemical, physical and biological
  treatment. General facility standards,
  Ground water monitoring, Hazardous
  waste, Hazardous waste incinerator
  permits, Incinerators, Intergovernmental
  regulations, Interim status standards for
  owners and operators, of hazardous
  waste treatment facilities, Landfills,
  Land  treatment. Reporting and
  reeordkeeping requirements, Storage
  and disposal facilities, Surface
  impoundment, Thermal treatment,
  Waste piles, Waste treatment and
  disposal.            ,           .
   Dated: December 14,1988.    •
  Lee M. Thomas,
 Administrator.
   For the reasons set out in the
 .preamble, it is proposed that Chapter I- •
  of Title 40 of the Code of Federal
 Regulations be amended as follows: ,.'  .

 PART 260—HAZARDOUS WASTE
 MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: GENERAL

   The authority citation for Part 260
 continues to read as follows:
   Authority: 42 U.S.G. 6905,6912(a), 6921
 through 6927, 6930, 6934, 6935, 6937, 6938,
 6939, and 6974.

 Subpart A—General

   2. Section 260.1 is amended by adding
 (c) to read as follows .-

 §280.1
  *',*-
   (c) In all cases, the sampling and
 analytical determinations performed to
 meet the requirements of Part 260 must
• comply with the quality control'
 procedures specified in Sections 1.2 and
 1.3, and, where an SW-846 method is
 used, the additional procedures set forth
 in Section 8.0 of the methods contained
 in Chapters Three through Eight and Ten
 which are referenced therein, of Chapter
 One of "Test Methods for Evaluating
 Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical
 Methods", EPA Publication SW-846, as
 incorporated by reference in § 260.11.
 These quality control procedures must
 be followed when using any SW-^46
 method, whether mandatory or not
 mandatory, and when using any other  .
 analytical method.

 Subpart B—Definitions

   3. Section 260.11 is amended by
 revising the fourth reference in
 paragraph (a) to read as follows:

 §260.11  References
   (a) * * * "Test Methods for Evaluating
 Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical
 Methods", EPA Publication SW-846,
 Third EditiOnf 1987, as amended by
 Update I. This document is available as
 document number 955-001-00000-1 from
 the Superintendent of Documents, U.S.
 Government Printing Office,
 Washington, DC 20402, (202) 783-3238,
 on a subscription basis. Future updates
 will automatically be mailed to the
. subscriber. •
 Subpart C—Rtitentakirtg Petitions

   4. Section 260.22 is amended by
 adding paragraph (a)(3) to read as
 follows: . .   .   .
 § 260.22  Petitions to amend Part 261 to
 exclude a waste produced at a particular
 facility.

   (a)***
   (3) Information submitted under
 paragraphs, (a) (1) and (2) of this section
 must be based on appropriate test   :
 methods prescribed in Appendix III of
 Part 261. The test methods must follow
 the quality control procedures specified
.in Sections 1.2 and 1.3, and procedures
 set forth in Section 8.0 of the methods
 contained in Chapters Three through
 Eight and Ten which are referenced
 therein, of Chapter One of "Test   ,-
 Methods for. Evaluating Solid Waste,
 Physical/Chemical Methods", EPA
 Publication SW-846, as incorporated by
 reference,in §.260.11. The testing and
 quality control requiremesats of this
 section also apply to § 260.22 (b), (c), (d),
 and (e) below.

-------
3222
Federal Register / Vol.  54, No. 13 / Monday, January 23. 1989 / Proposed-jgules^
PART 261—IDENTIF1CATION AND
LISTING OF HAZARDOUS WASTE
5. The authority citation for Part 261
continues to read as follows:
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6905, 6912(a), 6921. ahd
C922.
Subpart A— General
6. Section 281.1 is amended by adding
paragraph (d) to read as follows:
§ 262.1 Purpose and scope.
(d) In all cases, the sampling and
analytical determinations performed to
meet the requirements of Part 261 must
comply with the quality control
procedures specified in Section 1.2 and
1.3 and, when an SW-846 method is
used, those procedures set forth in -
Section 8.0 of the methods contained in
Chapters Three through Eight and Ten
which are referenced therein, of Chapter
One of "Test Methods for Evaluating
Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical
Methods", EPA Publication SW-846, as
Incorporated by reference in § 260.11.
These quality control procedures must
be followed when using any SW-846
method, whether mandatory or not
mandatory, and when using any other
analytical methods.
Appendices
7. Appendix III of Part 261 is revised
to read as follows:
Appendix HI — Chemical Analysis Test
Methods
Tables 1, 2, and 3 specify the appropriate
analytical procedures described in "Test
Methods Tor Evaluating Solid Waste,
Physical/Chemical Methods", incorporated
by reference in § 260.11 that shall be used to
determine whether a sample contains a given
Appendix VII or VIII toxic constituent
Tublo 1 identifies each Appendix VII or
VJ11 organic constituent along with the
approved measurement method. Table 2
identifies the corresponding methods for
inorganic species. Table 3 summarizes the
contents of SW-840 and supplies the specific
section and method number for sampling and
analysis methods.
Prior to final sampling and analysis method
selection, the analyst should consult the
specific section or method described in SW-
840 for additional guidance on which of the
approved methods should be employed for a
specific sample analysis situation. In all
cases, the sampling and analytical
determinations must comply with quality
control procedures specified in Sections 1.2 ,
and 1.3, and those procedures set forth in
Section 8.0 of the methods contained in
Chapters Three through Eight and Ten which
are referenced therein, of Chapter One of
"Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste,
Physical/Chemical Methods"; EPA
Publication SW-8-16, incorporated by
reference in § 260.11.
These quality control procedures must be
followed when using any SW-846 method,
whether mandatory or not mandatory, and
when using any other analytical method.
TABLE 1.— ANALYSIS METHODS FOR OR-
GANIC CHEMICALS CONTAINED IN SW-
846 -
Compound
Acetonltrile 	 - 	
Acetophenone 	
Acrolein 	 .'. 	

Aldrin 	 	 	 	 	
4-Aminobipheny) 	 	
Benzal chloride 	
Benzene 	 : 	 	 	 	 	 ....


Benzo(j)fluoranthene..... 	

Benzyl chloride 	 ; 	
Bis(2-chloroethoxy)methane........
Bis(2-ch!oroethyl)ether 	 .'. 	 ,
Bis(2-chloroisopropyl)ether 	

4-Bromophenyl phenyl ether .......




' Chlorinated dibenzo-p-dloxins 	
Chlorinated dibenzofurans 	 :
Chlorobenzene 	 	 	 	 	
2-ChtoroethyI vinyl ether 	
Chloromethane 	
Chloromethylmethyl ether 	
2-Chloronaphthalene 	 	 	


Cresol(s) 	 	 	
Creyslic acid(s) 	

4 4'-DDE 	
4 4'-DDT 	
Dibenz(a h)acridin0 	
Dibenz(a,j)acn'dine 	
Dibenz(a.h)anthracene 	
7H-Dibenzo(c,g)carbazole..... 	
Dibenzo(a,h) pyrene 	 •. 	
Dl-n-butylphthalate 	 	 	 	
Dich!orobenzene(s) 	

Methodfs)
8030, 8240
8250, 8270 .
8030, 8240
8015 . ,
8030, 8240
8080, 8250, 8270
8250,8270
8250, 8270
8120
8020, 8021, 8240,
8260
8250, 8270
8100, 8250, 8270,
8310
8100, 8250, 8270,
8310
8100
8100, 8250, 8270,
8310
8120
8010, 8120, 8240
8010,8110,8250,
8270
8110,8250,8270
8010,8110,8250,
8270
8060, 8250, 8270
8010,8021,8240,
8260
8110,8250,8270
8250, 8270
8240
8010, 8021, 8240,
8260
8080, 8250, 8270
8080
8280
8280
8250, 8270
8010. 8020, 8021,
8240, 8260
8010,8240
8010,8021,8240,
8260
8010, 8021, 8240,
8260
8010
8120,8250,8270
8040, 8250, 8270
8100, 8250, 8270,
8310
8100, 8250, 8270
8040
8040. 8250, 8270
8150
8080, 8250, 8270
8080, 8250, 8270
8080, 8250, 8270
8100
8100, 8250, 8270
8100, 8250. 8270,
8310
8100
8100, 8270
8100
8100
8060, 8250, 8270
8010, 8020, 8021,
8120,8220,
8250, 8260
8250, 8270
TABLE 1.— ANALYSIS METHODS FOR OR-
GANIC CHEMICALS CONTAINED: IN §W-
846— Continued
Compound
Dichlorodifluoromethane 	
Dichloroethane(s)1..., 	
1,1-Dichloroethylene 	
1,2-bichloroethylene..... 	
Dichloromethane...; 	
2,6-Dlchlorophenol 	 	 	 	 	
1 ,2-Dichloropr'oparie 	 	
trans-1.,3-Dichlorophr6pyJene.......
Dichloropropene(s).. 	
Dieldrin 	 	 	 .'. 	
biethyl phthalate 	 	
4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene 	
7,12- .
Dimethy]benz(a)anthracene.
alpha-.alpha-
Dimethylpheriethylamine.
2,4-Dimethyrphenol ..'....'».» 	 ...
Dimethyl phthalate 	 	 	
Dinitrobenzene(s). 	 :..... 	
2,4-Dinitrophenol 	 ; 	
2,4-Dinitrotoluene 	 	 	
2,6-Dinitro toluene 	 •• 	 •• 	



1,2-Diphenylhydrazine 	 	
Endosulfan(l & II) 	 .- 	
Endrin., 	 > 	
Ethyl ether 	 	 	 >•••
Endrin metabolites 	
Ethyl methanesulfpnate 	 	 	
Fluoranthene..... 	
Heptachlor 	 	 	 ....
Hexachlorobenzene 	 	
Hexachlorobutadiene 	 i 	 ,
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene.......
Hexaohloroethane 	
lndeno(1,2,3^cd)pyrene 	
Ltndane 	 	 	
Maleic anhydride 	 	 	 	
Methoxychtor 	 •••
. 3-Methylcholanthrene 	
Methyl ethyl ketone 	 	 ...
Methyl isobuty) ketone 	 ..:.
Methylmethanesulfonate 	
Naphthalene 	 : 	
Naphthoquinone..,.. 	 , 	
1 -Naphthylamine ...,....*.. 	
2-Naphthylamiha 	 	 	 	 ....
Nitrobenzene 	 	 	 	 •;
4-Nitrophenol .« 	 	 	
N-Nitrosodibutylamine...:..'i....;...
N-NitroSodimethylamirie ............
N-Nitrosopiperidine ................;....
Paraldehyde (trimer of acetal-
dehyde). ,
Pentachlorobenzene. — :...» 	 	
Pentachloronitrobenzene ..........
Pentachlorophenol,, 	 , 	 ,-
Phenol 	 :....(.,'.: 	 ; 	 	 	 ••.-
Phorate 	 ; 	 ....>..„.... 	
Phthalic anhydride.............:........


Method(s).
8010, 8021, 8240,
8260
8010,8021.8240,
- 8260
8010 ,
8010, 8240
8010
8040, 8250, 8270
8040, 8250, 8270
8010,8021,8240,
8260
8010
8240
8080, 8250, 8270
8060, 8250, 8270
8250, 8270
8250, 8270
8250, 8270 . '
8040, 8250, 8270
8060, 8250, 8270
8090,8270
8040, 8250, 8270
8090, 8250, 8270
8090, 8250, 8270
8150,8260
8060
8256, 8270
8250, 8270
8140,8270
8080, 8250, 8270
8080, 8250, 8270
8015
8080, 8250, 8270
8250, 8270
8100, 8250, 8270,
8310
8080, 8250, 8270
8080, 8250, 8270
8120,8250,8270
8021,8120,8250,
8260,8270
8210, 8250. 8270
8120,8250,8270
8100, 8250, 8270,
8310
8080
8250, 8270
8080, 8250, 8270
8100, 8250, 8270
8015
8015,8240:
8250,8270 .
8021,, 81 00, 8250,
8270,8310:
8090, 8270
8250.8270
8250.8270
8250,8270 .'.
8090, 8250,' 8270,
8040, 8250, 8270
8250, 8270 v
8250,8270
•8250, 8270 •:
8015; '-...
8140, 8141, 8270
8250, 8270
8250, 8270 : ,
8,040. 8250, 8270
8250, 8270
8040,' 8250, 827.0
r»t40,8141- ' :
82«s,-, . .-. • :'..
8*4C. 8250, 8270
8250,8276

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Federal Register / Vol. 54, No. 13 / Monday,  January 23, 1989 / Proposed Rules
TABLE 1.— ANALYSIS METHODS FOR OR-
GANIC CHEMICALS CONTAINED IN SW-
846— Continued
Compound

Tetrachloroethane(s) 	 : 	

Tetrachlorophenol..... 	 	
Toluene 	 	 	 ; 	
Toxaphene 	 '. 	
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 	
Trichloroethane(s)

Trichlorofluoromethane 	 	 	
Triohloropropane 	
Vinyl chloride 	 	 .'. 	 .-..„;. 	
Xylene(s) 	 .'. 	
^
Method(s)
8120, 8250, 8270
8010, 8021, 8240,
8260
8010,8021,8240,
8260
8040, 8250; 8270
8020,8021,8240,
8260
8080, 8250. 8270
8021,8120,8250,
8260, 8270
8010,8021,8240
8010, 8021, 8240
8010, 8021, 8240
8040, 8250, 8270
8010, 8021, 8240
801 Q; 8021, 8240,
• 8260
8020,8021,8240,
8260 '
1 Analyze for phenanthrene and carbazole; if
these are present in a ratio between 1.4:1 and 5:1
creosote should be considered present.
TABLE 2— ANALYSIS METHODS FOR INOR-
GANIC CHEMICALS AND MISCELLANEOUS
. GROUPS OF ANALYTES CONTAINED IN
SW-846
'Compound
Aluminum 	 	 	
Antimony 	 '.: 	 	 	
Arsenic 	
Barium 	
Beryllium 	 „. 	
Cadmium 	 , 	 	 	
Calcium 	 	 	
Chromium 	 : 	
Chromium, Hexavalent 	
Cobalt. 	 ; 	


Lead 	 	 	
Lithium.:; 	
Magnesium.... 	
Manganese 	
Mercury 	 ..
Molybdenum 	 	 	
Nickel 	 	
Osmium 	
Phosphorus... 	 	


Silver 	
Sodium 	 „. 	 	
Strontium..; 	
Thallium 	
Tin
Vanadium.. 	 	 	
Zinc 	 	 	
Cyanide 	 	 	
Total Organic Halogen 	
Purgeable Organic
Sulfide 	
Sulfate 	 	 	
Total Organic Carbon 	 	
Phenolics.. 	 .:..:. 	
Oil and Grease 	 	 	
Total.Coliform.. 	 ; 	
Nitrate.. 	 	
Chloride 	 '. 	

Method(s)
6010, 7020'
6010, 7040, 7041
6010, 7060, 7061
6010, 7080. 7081
. 6010, 7090. 7091
6010, 7130, 7131
6010, 7140
' 6010,7190,7191
7195,7196,7197,7198
6010,7200,7201
6010.7210,7211
6010, 7380, 7381
6010, 7420, 7421
6010, 7430
.6010,7450
6010, 7460. 7461
7470, 7471
6010, 7480, 7481
,6010,7520
7550
6010
. 6010, 7610
6010, 7740, 7741
6010, 7760; 7761
6010, 7770
6010, 7780
6010, 7840, 7841
7870
6010,7910,7911
,6010, 7950, 7951
'9010, 9012
9020, 9022 ,
9021
9030, 9031
9035, 9036, 9038
9060
9065, 9066, 9067
9070. 9071
9131, 9132
•9200
9250, 9251, 9252
TABLE 2— ANALYSI
GANIC CHEMICAL
GROUPS OF AN
SW 846 Contir

s METHODS FOR INQR-
s AND MISCELLANEOUS
ALYTES CONTAINED IN
lued
Compound Method(s)
' Gross Alpha and Gross
Beta 	 ;; 	 	 	
Alpha-Emitting Radium
Isotopes.... 	 	 	

'9310
9315
9320
TABLE 3.— SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS
METHODS CONTAINED IN SW-846
- Title


Quality control 	
Method detection
limit 	

Quality 'control
documentation........
References 	
Choosing the correct
procedure 	 	 	
Purpose
Required information.
Implementing the
guidance..... 	
Characteristics 	
Ground water.... 	
References 	 	 	 	
Metallic analytes 	
Sampling
, considerations 	
Sample preparation
methods 	 	 	
Acid digestion of
waters for total
recoverable or
dissolved metals
for analysis by
flame AAS or
ICP 	
Acid digestion of
aqueous
samples and
extracts for total
metals for
analysis by
, flame AAS or
ICP.... 	
Acid digestion of
aqueous
samples and
extracts for total
metals for
analysis by .
furnace AAS 	
Dissolution
procedure for
oils, greases, or
. waxes.;........: 	
Acid digestion of
.sediments,
sludges and
soils......... 	
Methods for the
determination of
Inductively
coupled plasma
atomic emission
spectroscopy 	
Atomic absorption
methods

Chapter No.
^
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
• 1.4
1.5
1.6
: 2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
'2.6
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
3-2
3.3
' 3.3
3.3
Method No.
3005
3010
3020
3040
V
3050
6010
7000
TABLE 3.— SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS
METHODS CONTAINED IN SW-846—
Continued
Title
Aluminum, flame
AAS
'Antimony, flame
AAS 	
Antjmony, furnace
AAS
Arsenic, furnace
AAS 	
• Arsenic, gaseous
hydride AAS 	
Barium, flame AAS
Barium, furnace
AAS 	
Beryllium, flame
AAS 	
Beryllium, furnace
AAS'
Cadmium, flame
AAS
Cadmium, furnace
AAS
Calcium, flame
AAS 	
Chromium, flame
AAS.... 	
Chromium, furnace
AAS 	
. Chromium,
hexavalerit, .
coprecipitation ....
Chromium,
hexavalent,
colorimetric 	
Chromium,
hexavalent,
chelation/
extraction 	
Chromium,
hexavalent,
differential pulse
polarpgraphy 	
Cobalt, flame AAS..
Cobalt, furnace
AAS 	 	 	
"Copper, flame
AAS 	 	 	 	
Copper, furnace
• AAO
Iron, flame AAS 	
Iron, furnace AAS ...
Lead, flame AAS 	
Lead, furnace AAS..
Magnesium, flame
AAS 	 	 	
Manganese, flame
AAS. 	 „. 	 	
Manganese,
furnace AAS
Mercury in liquid
waste, manual
cold vapor
technique 	
Mercury in solid or
semisolid waste,
manual cold-
vapor technique...
Molybdenum,
flame AAS 	
Molybdenum,
furnace AAS 	
Nickel, flame AAS...
Osmium, flame'
Potassium, flame
Selenium, furnace *
AAQ

Chapter No.
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
. 3-3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
-3.3
3.3
3.3;
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
.3,3
• 3:3'
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
' 3.3
3.3
3.3
3:3
• • 3,3
• 3.3
-3.3
3.3
Method No.'
7020
7040 '
7041
7060
7061
7080
7081
7090
7091
7130
7131
7140
7190
7191
. 7195
7196 '
7197
7198
7200
' 7201
' . 7210
7211
7380
7381
7420
7421
7450
7460
7461
7470
7471
- .7480
7481
• 7520
7550
7610
7740

-------
3224
Federal Register/Vol; 54, No. 13 /.Monday, January 23, 1989 / Proposed Rules
TABLE 3.— SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS
METHODS CONTAINED IN SW-846—
Continued
Title '
Selenium, gaseous
hydride AAS 	
Stiver, llama AAS....
Stiver, fumaca
AAS 	
Sodium, flame
AAS 	 	
Thallium, llamo
AAS, 	 	 	
Thallium, fumaca
AAS 	 	
Tin, flame AAS 	
Vanadium, llama
AAS..™,™™™...™,,
Vanadium, furnace
AAS..™..... 	
Zinc, flame AAS ......
Zinc, fumaca AAS...
Organic anafytos™ 	
Sampling
considerations 	
Sampla preparation
methods 	 	
Extraction and
Organic extraction
and sample
preparation 	
Separately funnel
liquid-liquid
extraction..™ 	
Continuous HquW-
Kqufd extraction...
Soxhlot extraction™
Ultrasonic
extraction 	
Waste dilution..™ 	
Purge-and'trap 	
Protocol for
analysis of
sorbent
cartridges from
VOST 	 	
Cleanup 	 	
Cleanup ...™ 	 ™..
Atumma column
cleanup 	
Alumina column
cleanup and
soparalion.ol
potioloum
wastes ™....... 	
Flofisil column
cleanup... 	
SKca gel cleanup....
Gol-potmcatton
cleanup....*™. 	
Acid-base partition
cleanup.....™ 	
• Sulfur cleanup 	
, Determination of
organic analytos —
Gas
chromatographic
methods 	
Gas
chromalogra-
ptw 	 t<11OT 	 (lll
Halogo rated
volants
organlcs 	
EDBandDBCP...
Nonhatogenated
volatilo
ixganics 	
Aromatic votatila
organics....™.....
Chapter No.
3.3
33
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
4.0
4.1
4.2
4.2.1
4.2.1
4.2.1
4.2.1
-4.2.1
4.2.1
' 4.2.1
4.2.1
4.2.1
4.2.2
4.2.2
4.2.2
4.2.2
4.2.2
4.2.2
4.2.2
4.2.2
42.2
4.3
4.3.1
4.3.1
4.3.1
4.3.1
4.3.1
' 4.3.1
Method No.
7741
7760
, 7761
7770
7840
7841
7870
7910
7911
7950
7951
3500
3510
3520
'3540
• 3550
3580
5030
5040
3600
3610.
3611
3620
3630
3640
3650
3660
8000
6010
6011
8015
8020
TABLE , 3.— SAMPLING AND' ANALYSIS
METHODS - CONTAINED JN SW-846 —
Continued
Title ,
Volatile-organic
compounds in
water by
• purge-and-
trap capillary
column GC
with PID and
electrolytic
conductivity
detector in
series 	 - 	
Acrolein,
•• acrylonitrile,
acetonitrile 	
Phenols 	
Phthalate esters..
Nitrosamines 	
Organo'chlorine
pesticides and
RGBs as
aroclors 	
Nitroaromatics
and cyclic
Polynuclear
aromatic •
hydrocarbons...
Haloethers 	 :. 	
Chlorinated
hydrocarbons...
Organophos-
' phorous
pesticides 	
Organophos-
phorus
pesticides:
capillary
column 	 .' 	
Chlorinated
herbicides 	
Gas
chromatogra-
phic/mass
spectroscopic
methods
• GC/MS volatiles..
GC/MS
semh/olatiles,
packed
column 	
GC/MS for
volatiles
capillary
column 	
GC/MS
semh/olatiles,
capillary
column 	
Analysis of
chlorinated
dioxins and -
dibenzofurans ..
High performance
liquid
chromatographic
methods (HPLC)..
Polynuclear
aromatic
hydrocarbons...
Miscellaneous
screening
methods 	 ...
Headspace

Chapter No.
4.3.1
4.3.1
4.3.1
4.3.1
4.3.1
4.3/t
4.3.1
4.3.1
4.3.1
4.3.1
4.3.1
f
4.3.1
4.3.1
4.3.2
4.3.2
4.3.2
4.3.2
4.3.2
4.3.2
4.3.3
4.3.3
4.4
4.4
Method No.
8021
8030
8040 '
8060
8070
8080
8090
8100
.8110
8120 .:
8140
8141
8150
8240
8250 :
8260
8270 '
8280 j
8310
3810
TABLE 3.— SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS
METHODS CONTAINED IN SW-846—
Continued
. • :. Title.
Hexadecane
extraction and
screening Of
pufgeable
. organics 	
Miscellaneous test
Total, and amenable
cyanide
(colorimetric,
manual) 	
Total and amenable
. cyanide
(colorimetric,
.automated) 	
. Total organic halides
(TOX) 	
Purgeable organic
halides (POX)
Total organic halides
(TOX) by neutron
activation analysis...
Acid-soluble and '
acid-insoluble
Extractabla sulfides ....
Sulfate (colorimetric
automated, >
chloranitate) 	 ...
Sulfate, (colorimetric
automated,
rnethylthymol blue,
AA II) 	 ...
Sulfate,
(turbidimetric) 	 	 	
Total organic carbon ..
Phenolics
(spectrophotomet-
rte, manual 4-
AAP)
Phenolics
(colorimetric
automated, 4-
AAP)
Phenolics
(spectrophotomet-
ric, MBTH) 	
Total recoverable oil ,
and grease
(gravimetric,
separatory funnel
OH and grease
• extraction method
for sludge samples .
Total coliform:
multiple tube
fermentation 	
Total Coliform:
membrane filter 	
Nitrate...... 	
. Chloride (colorimetric
automated,
ferricyanide AAI)....l.
Chloride (colorimetrie
automated,
ferricyanide A All) 	
Chloride (titrimetric,
mercuric nitrate)......
Multiple extraction
Extraction procedure
for oily wastes 	
pH electrometric
measurement 	
pH paper method 	
Chapter No. '•
L
4.4
5.0 ;
5.0.
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0.
S;0
5.0
-5.0
5.0
5.0 '
5.0
5.0'
5,0 '•
5.0,
5.0 ,
5JO,
5.0 i
' 1
.5.0 \
SJO':
•5.0 '.
6.0 ,
&0'
6,0
&.0,
8.0
Method No.
3820
9010
9012
9020
8023
9022
9030
,9031
9035
9036
9038
9060
9065
9066
9067
9070
9071
9131
9132
92GO
9250
9251
.9252
13SO
1339
S040
®041

-------
               Federal  Register / Vol. 54, No.. 13  / Monday,  January 23, 1989 / Proposed -Rules-
                                                                       3225
TABLE.  3.—SAMPLING  AND  ANALYSIS
  METHODS  CONTAINED  IN  SW-846—
  Continued             :
Title
Soil pH ..
Specific
conductance..:.........
Cation-exchange
capacity of soils
(ammonium
acetate) ..• 	
Cation-exchange
capacity of soils
(sodium acetate) .....
Compatibility test for-
wastes and
membrane liners 	
Paint filter liquids
test ' ; '
Saturated hydraulic
conductivity,
saturated leachate
conductivity, and
intrinsic
permeability 	
Gross alpha and
gross beta.. . . .. '
Alpha-emitting
radium isotopes 	
Radium-228.... 	 	
Introduction and
regulatory definitions ..
Ignitability
Corrosivity ...... .....
Reactivity „.
Test method to
determine
hydrogen
cyanide
released from
Test method to
determine
hydrogen sulfide
released from
wastes 	 ...
Extraction procedure
toxicity 	 	 . .
Methods for
determining
characteristics 	
Ignitability ... .
Pensky-Martens
closed-cup
method ..". 	
Setaflash closed-
cup method 	

Corrosivity toward '
steel 	 ......
Reactivity 	

Extraction
procedure (EP)
toxicity test
method and
structural
integrity test 	 	
Sampling plan 	
Design and
development 	 	
Implementation...........
Sampling methods 	
Modified method 5
sampling train,
appendix A and B ..
Source assessment
sampling system
(SASS) 	 :. 	
Volatile organic
sampling train 	
Chapter No.
• 60
6.0
60
6.0
6.0
60
60
60
6.0
6.0
7.0
7.1
7.3
• ' •''• ' 73'
. 73
. - ' 7.3
74
8.0
81
8.1
8.1
82
8.2
8.3
84
8.4
9.0
9.1
9.2
10.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
Method No.
9045
9050
9080
9081
9090
9095
9100
9310
9315
9320







1010
1020

1110

1310
0010
0020
" 0030
TABLE   3.—SAMPLING  AND  ANALYSIS
  METHODS  CONTAINED  IM SW-846—
  Continued
Title
Ground water
monitoring
Background and
Relationship to the
regulations and to
other documents.....
. Revisions and ."
additions
Acceptable designs
Unacceptable
designs and
Land treatment
monitoring 	
Background 	
Treatment zone 	
Regulatory definition...
Monitoring and
sampling strategy....
Analysis 	
References and
bibliography..
Incineration. 	 	 	
Introduction...1 	 ; 	
Regulatory definition...
Waste
characterization
strategy. ..... ..
Stack-gas effluent
characterization ,
strategy. 	
Additional effluent
characterization
strategy.....1 	 :...'...-...
Selection of specific
sampling and
analysis methods ....
References

Chapter No.
110
111
11.2
11.3
11 4
11 5
12.0
12.1
12.2
12.3
12.4
12.5
12.6
13.0
13.1
13.2
.. 13.3
13.4
13.5 '
13.6
137

Method No.
















                                       Subpart C—-Characteristics of
                                       Hazardous Waste

                                         8. Section 261.22 is amended by
                                       revising paragraphs (a)(l) and (2) to
                                       read as follows:                      .

                                       §261.22  Characteristic of Corrosivity.
                                         (a) * * *
                                         (1) It is aqueous and has a pH less
                                       than or equal to 2 or greater than or
                                       equal to 12.5, as determined by a pH
                                       meter using either an EPA test method
                                       or an equivalent test method approved '
                                       by the Administrator under the
                                       procedures set forth in § § 260.20 and
                                       260.21. The EPA test method for pH is
                                       specified in "Test Methods for
                                       Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/
                                       Chemical Methods", EPA Publication
                                       SW-846, as incorporated by reference in
                                       § 260.11. In all cases, the sampling  and
                                       analytical determinations must comply
                                       with the quality control procedures
                                       specified in Sections 1.2 and 1.3, and
                                       where an SW-846 method is used,  those •
                                       procedures set forth in Section 8.0 of the
                                       methods contained in Chapters Three
through Eight andTen which are *
referenced therein, of Chapter One of
SW-846.
  (2) It is a liquid and corrodes steel
(SAB 1020) at a rate greater than 6.35
mm (0.250 inch) per year at a test
temperature of 55° C (130° F) as
determined by the, test method specified
in NACE (National Association of  -
Corrosion Engineers) Standard TM-01-
69. as standardizedin "Test Methods for
Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/
Chemical Methods", EPA Publication  :
SW-846, as incorporated by reference in
§ 260.11, or an equivalent test method
approved by the'Administrator under,
the procredures set forth in §§ 260.20
and 260.21. In all cases, the sampling '
and analytical determinations must
comply with the quality control
procedures specified in Sections 1.2 and
1.3, and, where an SW-846 method is
used, those procedures set forth in
Section 8.0 of .the methods contained in
Chapters Three through Eight and Ten
which are referenced therein, of Chapter
One of SW-846.                  -.'••'
*    * •   *.   *     *

  9. Section 261.24 is amended by
revising paragraph (a) to read as
follows:

§251.24  Characteristic of EP tOMicity.
  " (a) A solid waste exhibits the
characteristic of EP toxicity if, using the
test methods and procedures described
in Appendix II or equivalent methods "
approved by the Administrator under  •
the procedures set forth in § § 260.20 and
260.21, the extract from a representative
sample of the waste  contains any of the ,
contaminants listed in Table 1 at a
concentration equal  to or greater than
the respective value  given in that table.
Where the waste contains less than 0.5
percent filterable solids, the waste itself,
after filtering, is considered to be the
extract for the purposes of this section.
In all cases, the determinations must
comply with the quality control
procedures specified in Sections 1.2 and
1.3, and, where an SW-846 method is
used, those procedures set forth in   .
Section 8.0 of the methods contained in
Chapters Three through Eight and Ten
which are referenced therein, of Chapter
One of 'Test Methods for Evaluating
Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical
Methods", EPA Publication SW-846 as
incorporated by reference in § 260.11.   '.
                                       PART 262-^-STAKSDARDS APPLICABLE
                                       TO GENERATORS OF HAZARDOUS-
                                       WASTE            .,   •   .'  •

                                         10. The authority citation for Part 262
                                       continues to read as follows:

-------
3226
Federal Register  /  Vol., 54,  No. 13 / Monday, January  23. 1989 / Proposed Rules
  Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6906,6912. 6922. 6923.
6024.6925, and 6937.

Subpart A—General

  11. Section 262.11 is amended by
adding, paragraph (e) to read as follows:

§ 262.11 Hazardous waste determination.
«    *    «     *  °  *
  (c) In all cases, the sampling and
analytical determinations performed to
meet the requirements of Part 262 must
comply with the quality control
procedures specified in Sections 1.2 and
1.3, and. where the SW-846 methods are
used, those procedures  set forth in
Section 8.0 of the methods contained in
Chapters Three through Eight and Ten
which are referenced therein, of Chapter
One of "Test Methods for Evaluating
Solid Waste. Physical/Chemical
Methods", EPA Publication SW-846, as
incorporated by reference in § 260.11.
These quality control requirements must
be followed when using any SW-846  ,
method, whether mandatory or not
mandatory, and when using any other
analytical method.

PART 264—STANDARDS FOR
OWNERS AND OPERATORS OF.
HAZARDOUS WASTE TREATMENT,
STORAGE, AND DISPOSAL
FACILITIES

   12. The authority citation for Part 264
continues to read as follows:
   Authority; 42 U.S.C. 6905,6912(a), 6924, and
0825.

Subpart A—General

   13. Section 264.1 is amended by
 adding (i) to read as follows:

 § 264.1 Purpose, scope, and applicability.
 *    *   *    *    *   .
   (i) In all cases, the sampling and
 analytical determinations performed to
 meet the requirements of Part 264 must
 comply with the quality control
 procedures specified in Section 1.2  and
 1.3, and, where SW-846 methods are
 used, those procedures set forth in
 Section 8.0 of the methods contained in
 Chapters Three through Eight and Ten
 which are referenced therein, of Chapter
 One of "Test Methods for Evaluating   ,
 Solid Waste. Physical/Chemical
 Methods", EPA Publication SW-846, as
 incorporated by reference in § 260.11.
 These quality control procedures must
 be followed when using any SW-846
 method, whether mandatory or not
 mandatory, and when using any other
 analytical method.
                        Subpart N—Landfills

                          14. Section 264.314 is amended by
                        revising-paragraph (c) to read as
                        follows:

                        § 264.314  Special requirements for bulk-
                        and containerized liquids.
                        *******
                          (c) To demonstrate the absence or.
                        presence of free liquids in either a
                        containerized or a bulk waste, the
                        following test must be used: Method
                        9095 (Paint Filter Liquids Test) as
                        described in "Test Methods for
                        Evaluating Solid Wastes, Physical/
                        Chemical Methods", EPA Publication ,
                        SW-846, as incorporated by reference in
                        § 260.11. The sampling and analytical
                        determinations performed to
                        demonstrate the absence or presence of
                        free liquids in a containerized or bulk
                        waste must comply with the appropriate
                        quality control procedures specified in
                       • Section 1.2, and those procedures set
                        forth in Section 8.0 of Method 9095
                        referenced therein, of Chapter One of
                       1 "Test Methods for Evaluating Solid
                        Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods",
                        EPA Publication SW-846, as
                        incorporated by reference in § 260.11
                        PART 265—INTERIM STATUS  ,
                        STANDARDS FOR OWNERS AND
                        OPERATORS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE
                        TREATMENT, STORAGE, AND
                        DISPOSAL FACILITIES

                          15. The authority citation for Part 265
                        continues to read as follows:
                          Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6905, 6912(a), 6924,
                        6925, and 6935.

                        Subpart A—General

                          16. Section 265.1 is amended by
                        adding paragraph (f) to read as follows:

                        §265.1  Purpose, scope, and applicability.
                        *     *    *    *    *
                          (f) In all cases, the sampling and
                        analytical-determinations performed to
                        meet the requirements of Part 265 must
                        comply with the quality control
                        procedures specified in Sections 1.2 and
                        1.3, and, where SW-846 methods are
                        •used, those procedures set forth in
                        Section 8.0 of the methods contained in
                        Chapters Three through Eight and Ten
                        which are referenced therein, of Chapter
                        One of "Test Methods for Evaluating
                         Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical
                        Methods", EPA Publication SW-846, as
                         incorporated by reference in § 260.11.
                         These quality control  procedures must
                         be followed when using any SW-846
                         method, whether mandatory or not
                         mandatory, and when using any other
                         analytical method.
 Subpart N—Landfills

  17. Section 265.314 is amended by  ,
 revising paragraph (d) to read as
 follows:,

 § 265.314  Special requirements for bulk
 and containerized liquids.
 *"   *    *    *   " *
  (d) To demonstrate the absence or
 presence of free liquids in either a
 containerized or a bulk waste, the
 following text must be used: Method
 9095 (Paint Filter Liquids Test) as  ,
 described in "Test Methods for
 Evaluating Solid Wastes, Physical/
 Chemical Methods", EPA Publication
 SW-846, as incorporated by reference in
 § 260.11. The sampling and analytical
 determinations performed to
 demonstrate the absence or presence of
 free liquids in a containerized or bulk
 waste must comply with the appropriate
. quality control  procedures specified in
 Section 1.2, and those procedures set
 forth.in Section 8.0 of Method 9095
 referenced therein, of Chapter One of
 "Test Methods  for Evaluating Solid   ,
 Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods",
 EPA Publication SW-846, as
 incorporated by reference in § 260.11.
 PART 268—LAND DISPOSAL
 RESTRICTIONS  .

   18. Thfe authority citation for Part 268
 continues to read as follows:
   Authority: 42 U.S.C. 69Q5, 6912(a), 6921 and
 6924.                     .       ,

 Subpart A—General

   19. Section 268.1 is amended by  .
 adding paragraph (e) to read as follows:

 § 268.1 Purpose, scope and applicability.
 *'   *    *    *    * .

   (e) In all cases, the sampling arid;
 analytical determinations performed to
 meet the requirements of Part 268 must
 comply with the quality control
 procedures specfied in Sections 1.2,and
 1.3, and those additional procedures set
 forth in Section 8.0 of the methods ,'•
 contained in Chapters Three through
 Eight and Ten which are referenced
 therein, of Chapter One of "Test
 Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste,
 Physical/Chemical Methods", EPA
 Publication SW-846, as incorporated by
 reference in § 260.11. These quality
 control procedures must be followed
 when using any SW-846 method,
 whether mandatory or not mandatory,
 and when using any other analytical   •
 method.

-------
t€!f
                                           54' NO. 13 / Monday.  January 23, 1989 / Proposed Rules
                                                                                      3227
 PART 270—EPA ADMINISTERED
 PERMIT PROGRAMS: THE
 HAZARDOUS WASTE PERMIT
 PROGRAM

   20. The authority citation for Part 270
 continues to read as follows:
   Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6905. 6912, 6925, 6927,
 6939, and 6974.

 Subpart A—General Information

   21. Section 270.1 is amended by
 adding paragraph (d) to read as follows:

 § 270.1  Purpose and scope of these
 regulations.
 *****
   (d) In all cases, the sampling and
 analytical determinations performed to
 meet the requirements of Part 270 must
 comply with the quality control
 procedures specified in Sections 1.2 and
 1.3, and those procedures set forth in
 Section 8.0 of the methods contained in
 Chapters Three through Eight and Ten
 which are referenced therein, of Chapter
 One of "Test Methods for Evaluating
 Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical
 Methods", EPA Publication SW-846, as
 incorporated by reference in § 270.8.
. These quality control procedures  must
 be followed when using any SW-846
 method, whether mandatory or not
 mandatory, and when using any other
 analytical method.
   22. Section 270.6 is amended by
 revising the first reference In paragraph
 (a) to read as follows:

 § 270.8  References.
   (a)*  * * "Test Methods for
 Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/
 Chemical Methods", EPA Publication
 SW-846,  Third Edition, 1987, as
 amended by Update I. This document is
 available as document number 955-001-
 OOOOft-1 from the Superintendent of
-Documents, U.S. Government Printing
 Office, Washington, DC 20402, {202) 783-
 3238, on a subscription basis.-Future
 updates will automatically be mailed to
 the subscriber.                •
Subpart F—Special Forms of Permits

  23. Section 270.62 is amended by
revising paragraph (b)(2){i)(C) to read as
follows:

§ 270.62  Hazardous waste incinerator
permits.               .-."-;•
*     *     *     *    *
  (b) *  *  *
  (2) *  *  *
  {i) , * *
  (C) An identification of any hazardous
organic constituents listed in Part 261,
Appendix VIII of this chapter, which are
present in the waste to be burned,
           except that the applicant need not
           analyze for constituents listed in Part
           261, Appendix VIII, of this chapter.
           which would reasonably not be
           expected to be found in the waste. The
           constituents excluded from analysis
           must be identified, and the basis for the
           exclusion stated. The waste analysis
           must rely on analytical techniques
           specified in "Test. Methods for
           Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/
           Chemical Methods", EPA .Publication
           SW-846, as incorporated by reference in
           § 270.6, or theuvequivalent In all cases,
           the sampling and analytical
           determinations performed to meet the
           requirements of this Part must comply
           with the quality control procedures
           specified hi Sections 1.2 and 1.3, and,
           where an SW-^846 method is used, those
           procedures set forth in Section 8.6 of the
           methods contained hi Chapters Three .
           through Eight and Ten which are
           referenced therein, of Chapter One of  .
           "Test Methods fpr Evaluating Solid
           Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods",
           EPA Publication SW-846, as :
           incorporated by reference in § 570.6.
           These quality control procedures must
           be followed when using any SW-646
           method, whether mandatory or not
           mandatory, and when using any other
           analytical method,
           *    *  .   *    *    *           ;
            Editorial Note: This appendix will not
           appear in the Code of Federal Regulations.

           Appendix A—Chapter One Changes in
           SW-846, Third Edition
          Page No. in Chapter One              •.
            1. ONE-7—In section 1.1.8, revise the
          definition of ACCURACY to read as follows:
            Accuracy is the nearness of ,a measurement
          or the mean (x) of a set of measurements to
          the true value. Accuracy is assessed by
          means of reference samples and percent
          recoveries.
            2. ONE-7—Add this sentence after the last
          sentence.in the present definition of
          ANALYTICAL BATCH:
            Analytical batch: "* * .* Samples in each
          batch should be of similar composition (e.g.
          ground water, sludge, ash, etc.)        ,
            3. ONE-7—Replace present definition for
          BLANK with the following: Blanks:
            ONE-7— Calibration blank: Usually an
          organic or aqueous  Solution that is as free of
          analyte as possible and prepared with the
          same volume of chemical reagents used in the
          preparation of the calibration standards and
          diluted to the appropriate volume with the
          seme solvent (water or organic] used .in the
          preparation of the calibration standard. The
          calibration blank is used to give the null
          reading for the instrument response versus
          concentration calibration curve. One
          .calibration blank should be analyzed with
          each analytical batch or every 20 samples,
          whichever is greater.
            ONE-8—Equipment blank: Usually an
          organic or aqueous solution that is as free of
          analyte as possible,and is tranported to the
   site, opened in the field, and poured over or
   through the sample collection device,
   collected in a sample container, and returned
   to the laboratory. This serves as a check on
   sampling device cleanliness. One equipment
   blank should be analyzed-with each
   analytical batch or every 20 samples,
  • whichever is greater.              •
    ONE-8—Field blank: Usually an organic or
   aqueous solution that is as free of analyte as
   possible and is transferred from one vessel to
   another at the sampling site and preserved
   with the appropriate reagents. This serves as
   a check on reagent and environmental
   contamination. One field blank should be
   analyzed with each analytical batch or every
   20 samples, whichever is greater.
    ONE-S—Reagent blank: Usually an organic
   or aqueous solution that is as free of analyte
   as possible and contains all the reagents in
   the same voluine as used in the processing of
   the samples. The reagent blank mast be
   carried through the complete sample
   preparation procedure and contains the same
   reagent concentrations in the final solution as
   in the sample solution used for analysis. The
  reagent blank is used to correct for possible
   contamination, resulting from the preparation
  or processing of the sample. One reagent
  blank should be prepared for /every analytical
  batch or for every 20 samples, whichever is
  greater.
    ONE-&~Trfp blank: Usually an organic or
   aquecms solution that, is as free of analyte as
  possible and is transported to the sampling
  site and returned to •me laboratory without
  being opened.-This serves as a check on
  sample contamination originating from
  sample transport, shipping, and from the site
  conditions. One trip blank should be
 • analyzed with each analytical batch or every
  20 samples, whichever is greater.
    4. ONE-8-iDelete CALIBRATION CHECK
 : and" insert the following:
    Check standard: A material of known
  composition that is analyzed-concurrently
  with test samples to evaluate a measurement
  process. An analytical standard that is
  analyzed to verify the calibration of the
  analytical system. One check standard
  should be analyzed with each analytical
  batch or every 20 samples, whichever is
  greater.               .  .
   :5. ONE-8—Add the definition of MATRIX
  SPIKE as follows:
   Matrix spike; A matrix spike is employed
  to provide a measure of accuracy for the
  method used ia a given matrix, A matrix
  spike analysis is performed by adding a
  predetermined quantity of stock solutions of .
.  certain analytes to a sample matrix prior 'to
  sample extraction/digestion and analysis.
  The concentration of the spike should be at
  the, regulatory standard level or the PQL for
  the method. When the concentration of the
  analyte in the sample is greater than 0.1%, no
  spike of the analyte is necessary.
.   6. ONE-S—Delete MQL and insert.the
  fallowing:
   MDL: The methoddetection limit (MDL) is
  defined as the minimum concentration of a
  substance that can be measurad and reported
  with 99% confidence that the analyte
  concentration is greater than zero and is

-------
 3228
Federal^Register / Vol. 54, No.13  /Monday, January 23,  1989 / Proposed  Rules
 determined from analysis of a sample in a
 given matrix containing the analyte.
   7. ONE-8—Revise the definition of
 PRECISION to read as follows:
   Precision Is the agreement between a set of
 replicate measurements without assumption
 or knowledge of the true value. Precision is
 assessed by means of duplicate/replicate
 mimplo analysis.
   8. ONE-9—Add the heading SAMPLES.
 with the following definitions:
   ONE-9—Delete MATRIX SPIKE/
 DUPLICATE ANALYSIS and insert the
 following:                        '   '•
   Duplicate samples: Duplicate samples are
 two separate samples taken from the same
 source (i.e. in separate containers and
 analyzed independently).
   ONE-10—Delete CHECK SAMPLE and
 insert the following:
   Quality control reference sample: A
 sample prepared from an independent
 standard at a concentration other than that
 used for calibration, but within the
 calibration range. An independent standard
 Is defined as a standard composed of the
 analylc(s) of interest from a different source
 than that used in the preparation of
 standards for use in the standard curve. A
 quality control reference sample is intended
 as an Independent check of technique,
 methodology, and standards and should be
 run with every analytical batch or every 20
 samples, whichever is greater. This is
 applicable to all organic and inorganic
 analyses.          .'    .                 t
   ONE-10—Replace the definition of
 REPLICATE SAMPLE with the following:
   /ieplicale Samples: Replicate samples are
 two allquots taken from the same sample
 container and analyzed independently. In
 cases where allquoting is impossible, as in
 the case of volatiles. duplicate samples must  *
 bo taken for replicate analysis.  '
   9. ONE-10—Replace the definition of   '
 STANDARD CURVE with the following:
  Standard curve: A standard curve is a
 curve which plots concentrations of known
 nnnlyte standards versus the instrument
 response to the analyte. Calibration
 ntandards are prepared by diluting the stock
 (inalyto solution in graduated amounts which
 cover the expected range of the samples    . .
 being analyzed.'Standards should be
 prepared at the frequency specified in the
 (ippropriatc section. The calibration
 stundurds must be prepared using the same
 Ijpe of acid or solvent and at the same
 concentration as will result in the samples
 following sample preparation. This is •
 applicable to organic and inorganic chemical
 tmuljscs.
  10. ONE-10—Replace the definition of
 SURROGATE with the following:
  Surrogate: Surrogates are organic
 compounds which are similar to analytes of
 Interest in chemical composition, extraction,
 and chromatography, but which are not
normally found in environmental samples.
These compounds are spiked into all blanks,
 calibration and check standards, samples
 (Including duplicates and QC reference
                           samples} and spiked samples prior to
                           analysis. Percent recoveries are calculated
                           for each surrogate.  ..
                             11. ONE-11—Replace the definition of
                           WATER with the following:
                             Water: Any reference to water in a Chapter
                           or Method refers to ASTM Type II reagent
                           water (unless otherwise specified) which is
                           free of contaminants that may interfere with
                           the analytical test in question.,
                             12. ONE-11—In section 1.2.1, revise FIELD
                           QUALITY CONTROL to read as follows:
                             1.2.1  Field Quality Control'"'  * '.Quality
                           Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) shall include
                           as appropriate:"
                           •  13. ONE-11—In section 1.2.2 revise
                           Analytical Quality Control by deleting the
                           last sentence in the second paragraph:
                             "The frequencies of these procedures shall
                           be as stated below or at least one with each  •
                           analytical batch."     .       ,       l
                             14. ONE-12—Replace section 1.2.2.1.1 with
                           the folowing:                 '
                          '   1.2.2.1.1  Matrix Spiked Sample: A matrix
                           spiked sample shall be analyzed with every
                           analytical batch or every 20 samples,
                           whichever is greater. The sample shall be
                          spiked with the analyte(s) of interest (see the
                           appropriate method). The sample to be
                           spiked should be typical  or representative of
                           the batch. Ideally, it should be an
                          intermediate between the cleanest and the
                          most contaminated samples based on the
                          best information available. It is
                          recommended that the spike be made in a
                          replicate of the field duplicate samples.  This
                          is  applicable to all organic or inorganic    •
                          chemical analyses..
                            15. ONE-12—Add section 1.2.2.1.2-to read
                          as follows:                '
                            Field Duplicate Samples shall be analyzed
                          with every analytical batch or every 20
                          samples, whichever is greater. This procedure
                          js applicable to all organic and inorganic  ,
                          chemical analyses.
                            16. ONE-12—Add the following sentence to
                          the discussion under section 1.2.2.1.4, FIELD
                          SAMPLES/SURROGATE'COMPOUNDS,
                          delete the term "Field Samples" from the
                          heading, and replace check sample with the
                          following:       •
                            1.2.2.1.4  Surrogate Compounds:
                          "* * * evaluation of analytical quality then
                          will rely on the quality control embodied in
                          the quality control reference sample and
                          spiked and duplicate samples. This is
                          applicable to organic analyses only."
                            17. ONE-12—In section 1.2.2.1.5,,the term
                          CHECK SAMPIE has been changed to
                          QUALITY CONTROL REFERENCE SAMPLE
                          and the definition rewritten as follows:
                            1.2.2.1.5  Quality Control Reference
                          Sample: A quality control reference sample is
                          a sample prepared from an independent
                          standard at a concentration other than that
                          used.for calibration, but within the
                          calibration range. An independent standard
                          is defined as a standard composed of the
                          analytes of interest from a different source ''
                          than that used in the preparation of
                          standards for use in the standard curve.  A
                          quality control reference sample is intended
 as an independent check of technique,
 methodology, and standards and should be
 run with every analytical batch or every 20
 samples, whichever is greater. This is
 applicable to all organic and inorganic
 analyses.
   18. ONE-13—Insert section 1.2.2.1.6,
 CHECK STANDARD, to read as follows;
   1.2.2,1.6 Check Standard: A standard of,
 known concentration prepared by  the analyst
 to monitor and verify instrument performance
 on a daily basis.
   19. ONE-13—In section 1.2.2.2, add the
 following sentence at the end of the
 discussion on CLEAN-UPS:
   "This is applicable to organic analyses
 only."
   20. ONE-13—In section 1.2.2.2.1,  add the
 following sentence at the end of the
 discussion on Column check Sample:
   "This is applicable to organic analyses
 only."
   21. ONE-13—In section 1.2.2.2.2,  remove
 "sample" from the heading for COLUMN
 CHECK SAMPLE BLANK, delete the present
 discussion, and insert the'foliowing:
   1.2.2.2.2 Column Check Blank:"* *  * The
 column check blank shall be run after
 activating or deactivating a batch of
 adsorbent. This is applicable to organic
 analyses only."
   22. ONE-13—In section 1.2.2.3.1,  add the
 following sentence to INSTRUMENT
 ADJUSTMENT: TUNING, ALIGNMENT,
 ETC. and alter the heading as follows:
   1.2.2.3.1 Instrument Adjustment,  Tuning,
 and Alignment: "* *  'appropriate
 procedures. This is applicable to all organic
 and inorganic analyses."'
   23. ONE-14—In section 1.2.2.3.2,  revise
 CALIBRATION to read as follows:
   "* * * procedures employed. Methods 6010,
 7000, and 800° as well as the appropriate
 analytical procedure ***"      -     :
   24. ONE-14—In section 1:2.2.3.3,  revise
 ADDITIONAL QC REQUIREMENTS FOR
'INORGANIC ANALYSIS to read as follows:
   "Standard curves derived from data
 consisting of one calibration blank  and three
 concentrations * * *"                   •
   25. ONE-16—In section 1.3, rvise METHOD
 DETECTION LIMIT to read as follows:
   For. operational purposes, when it is
 necessary to determine the method detection  .
 limit in the sample matrix, the MDL defined
 in One-9 shall be determined by multiplying
 by 7 the standard deviation obtained from the
 triplicate analyses of a matrix spike
 containing the analyte of interest at a'
 concentration three to five times the
 estimated .MDL.
 .  • Determine the estimated MDL as follows:
   • Obtain the concentration value that
 corresponds to:
   • a) an instrument signal/noise ratio
 within the range of 2.5 to 5.0, or
   • b) the region of the standard curve where
 there is a significant change in sensitivity,
 i.e., a break in the slope of the standard
 curve.
   • Determine the variance (S2) for each
 analyte as follows:

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                Federal Register / Vol. 54, No. 13 /  Monday, January  23,  1989 /  Proposed  Rules           3229
  • Determine the standard deviation (S) for
each analyte as follows: S = (S 2)I/2
  • Determine the MDL for each analyte as
follows: MDL = t
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