United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Environmental Information
(2810A)
Washington, DC 20460
EPA-260-S-02-001
May 2002
2000 Toxics Release
Inventory (TRI) Public
Data Release Report
Executive Summary
-------
-------
The Toxics Release Inventory (TR1) is a publicly
available database that contains information on
toxic chemical releases and other waste manage-
ment activities reported annually by certain covered
industries as well as by federal facilities. This
inventory was established under the Emergency
Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of
1986 (EPCRA), which requires facilities to use
their best readily available data to calculate their
releases and other waste management estimates. If
facilities do not have actual monitoring data
required under other laws, submitted values are
derived from various estimation techniques. There
are now more than 650 toxic chemicals and toxic
chemical categories on the list of chemicals that
must be reported to EPA and the States under the
EPCRA/TRI Program.
A facility must report to TRI if it meets the follow-
ing three criteria:
• Conducts manufacturing operations within
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes 20
through 39 or, beginning in the 1998 reporting
year, if it is in one of the following industry cate-
gories: metal mining, coal mining, electric utili-
ties that combust coal and/or oil, chemical
wholesale distributors, petroleum terminals and
bulk storage facilities, Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act (RCRA) subtitle C hazardous
waste treatment and disposal facilities, and sol-
vent recovery services. Also, federal facilities
must report to TRI regardless of their SIC code
classification;
• Has 10 or more full-time employee equivalents;
and
• For all but certain persistent bioaccumulative
toxic (PBT) chemicals, manufactures or process-
es more than 25,000 pounds or otherwise uses
more than 10,000 pounds of any listed chemical
during the calendar year.
For the 2000 reporting year, the reporting criteria
were changed for certain PBT chemicals. TRI was
expanded to include new PBT chemicals and
reporting thresholds were lowered for both the
newly-added PBT chemicals and certain PBT
chemicals already on the TRI list. In a rule (64 FR
58666) finalized on October 29, 1999, EPA added
six PBT chemicals and one PBT chemical category.
Two of the chemicals were added to the Polycyclic
Aromatic Compounds category. PBT chemicals
persist and bioaccumulate in the environment and
they have the potential to pose greater exposure to
humans and the environment over a longer period
of time, making even small quantities of these
chemicals of concern. Therefore, EPA established
thresholds lower than the 25,000 pounds and 10,000
pounds. For those chemicals that are persistent and
bioaccumulate, a threshold of 100 pounds manufac-
tured, processed or otherwise used was established.
For the subset of PBT chemicals that are highly per-
sistent and highly bioaccumulative, a threshold of
10 pounds was established. In addition, because
dioxins are highly persistent and highly bioaccumu-
lative, but are generally produced in extremely
small amounts, the threshold for dioxin and dioxin-
like compounds was set at 0.1 gram.
The time period covered for the 2000 data release is
the reporting year 2000. A reporting year is the
same as a calendar year. The 2000 data were sub-
mitted to EPA by July 1, 2001 and are the focus of
this report. The Public Data Release report is an
analysis of the 2000 TRI data and trends in the data
from 1988 to 2000.
2000 Toxics Release Inventor/ Public Data Release
ES - 1
-------
For the 2000 reporting year, certain PBT chemicals
(see above) were added to the list of TR1 chemicals.
Also, as part of the October, 1999 PBT chemical
rule, EPA added vanadium compounds to the TR1
list and changed the reporting qualifier for vanadi-
um (already on the list of TRI chemicals) from
"fume or dust" to "except when contained in an
alloy." Vanadium and vanadium compounds have
not been classified as PBT chemicals.
The 1998, 1999 and 2000 data include reporting by
the "original" industries (the manufacturing sector
which has been reporting since 1987) as well as the
"new" industries, which have been reporting since
1998. Those federal facilities reporting activities
within the new industry sectors are included in the
"new" industries. Otherwise federal facilities are
included in the original industries. The analysis of
trends in the TRI data from 1988 to 2000 only
includes the "original" industries and those listed
chemicals that have been reportable since 1988.
Year-to-year comparisons must be based on a con-
sistent set of chemicals and reporting industries to
assure that any changes in releases or other waste
management data do not simply reflect changes in
reporting requirements from year to year. Thus,
comparisons of 2000 data with prior years do not
include persistent bioaccumulative toxic chemicals
subject to the October 1999 PBT chemical rule, or
vanadium and vanadium compounds since reporting
thresholds or reporting definitions for these chemi-
cals have changed.
In 2000, 23,484 facilities submitted 91,513 forms.
On- and off-site releases for all TRI industries
totaled 7.10 billion pounds for 2000. The manufac-
turing industries accounted for 32 percent of this
total. Among the new industries, metal mining
accounted for 47 percent and electric utilities
accounted for 16 percent of this total. (See Table
ES-1 and Figure ES-1.)
On-site air emissions were 1.90 billion pounds, 27
percent of total releases. More than half (58 per-
cent) of all air emissions were reported by the man-
ufacturing industries. Electric utilities accounted for
another 41 percent. The other largest type of release
was on-site land releases, primarily from metal min-
ing. Metal mines reported about 80 percent of the
total of 4.13 billion pounds of on-site land releases.
RCRA subtitle C landfills accounted for 206.5 mil-
Table ES-1: TRI On-site and Off-site Releases by Industry, Original* (Manufacturing) and New Industries, 2000
Total Total
SIC Code Industry Facilities Forms
Number Number
20-39 Manufacturing Industries 21,382 T4.131
10 Metal Mining 97 678
12 Coal Mining 61 271
491/493 Electric Utilities 706 6,210
5169 Chemical Wholesale 467 3,446
Distributors
5171 Petroleum Terminals/Bulk 566 4,096
Storage
4953/7389 Hazardous Wasfe/Solvent 215 2,681
Recovery
Total 23,484 91,513
On-site Releases
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
1,106,687,862
3,142,461
1,183.965
787,819,955
1,361,672
3,362,183
948,196
1,904,406,293
Surface Water
Discharges
Pounds
255,370,178
492,008
741,153
4,206,628
4,753
21,909
45,763
260,882,385
Underground Injection
Class II-V
Class 1 Wells Wells
Pounds Pounds
207,059,365 238,937
0 37,614,017
14,399 208,463
0 0
0 0
0 0
33,803,476 0
240,977,239 38,059,407
On-site Land Releases
RCRA
Subtitle C Other On-site
Landfills Land Releases
Pounds Pounds
10,489,798 294,709,587
0 3,315,896,409
B 13,820,012
1,373,383 287,498,849
B 63,151
486 36,648
194,611,003 12,922,792
206,454,666 3,924,947,419
Total On-site
Releases
Pounds
1, 874,433,686
3,357,144,895
15,867,881
1,080,898,816
1,423,576
3,421,226
242,431,230
6,575,727,410
Off-site
Releases
Transfers Off-
site to
Disposal
Pounds
409,986,
-------
Figure ES-1: TRI Total Releases by Industry,
Original (Manufacturing) and New
Industries, 2000
Petroleum
Terminals/Bulk Storage
0.1%
Electric Utilities
16.2%
Coal Mining_
0.2%
Metal Mining
47.3%
Chemical Wholesale
Distributors
0.02%
Hazardous
Waste/Solvent Recovery
/ 4.0%
Manufacturing
TRI Total Releases, 2000: 7.10 billion pounds
Note: On-site Releases are from Section 5 of Form R. Off-site Releases are
from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R. Off-site Releases
include metals and metal compounds transferred off-site for solidification/stabi-
lization and for wastewater treatment, including to POTWs. Off-site Releases
do not include transfers to disposal sent to other TRI facilities that reported the
amount as an on-site release.
lion pounds of on-site land releases and other on-
site land releases accounted for 3.92 billion pounds.
Releases also include transfers of TRI chemicals in
waste sent off-site for disposal to such sites as land-
fills and underground injection wells. The manufac-
turing industries reported more than three-quarters
(78 percent) of these off-site releases, nearly 410.0
million pounds of the 525.1 million pounds of total
off-site releases reported by all TRI industries.
On- and Off-site Releases of PBT
Chemicals
PBT chemicals accounted for 12.1 million pounds
of total on- and off-site releases in 2000. On-site
land releases were 44 percent of the total. Air emis-
sions of PBT chemicals in 2000 were 2.2 million
pounds, 18 percent of the total. Surface water dis-
charges and underground injection of PBT chemi-
cals in 2000 totaled less than 45,000 pounds. Of the
on-site land releases, RCRA subtitle C landfills
Table ES-2: TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, PBT Chemicals, 2000
CAS Total
Number Chemical Forms
Number
- Diojdn and DioxiH4ik& compounds* 1,274
- Dioxin and dioxin-like compounds (in grams)* 1,274
Mercury and Mercury Compounds 1,596
7439-97-6 Mercury 566
~ Mercury compounds 1,030
Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds 3,550
191-24-2 BsnzoCg.M)pery)ene. 1,388
~ Polycyclic aromatic compounds 2,184
1336-36-3 Polycniorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) 171
Pesticides 138
369-00-2 Aldrin 11
57-74-9 Chlordane 21
76-44-8 Heptachldf 15
465-73-6 Isodrin 6
72-43-5 Msthonychter 28
40487-42-1 Pendimethalin 18
8001-35-2 Toxaphene 16
1582-09-8 Trifluralin 31
Other PBTs 172
11S-74-1 Hexachlorobenzens 100
29082-74-4 Octachlorostyrene 4
608-93-S PentaGhiorobe-nze.n'e 26
79-94-7 Tetrabromobisphenol A 48
Total 6,901
On-site Releases
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
11.51
5,217.775
164,492.53
29,833 13
134,659.41
1,916,436.42
42.318-.09
1,874,118.34
5,854.15
6,339.64
079
1370
860
0.05
59.83
733.54
20.98
5,504.15
63,976.18
1,426,24
0.00
16254
62,387.41
2,157,110.44
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
4.58
2,075.634
2,302.28
392.31
1,909.98
18,137.05
531,22
17,605.83
28.82
330.62
e.oo
0.00
o.oa
0.00
0,00
329.00
162
0.00
515.29
331.44
0.00
173 85
10.00
21,318.64
Underground Injection
Class I Class II-V
Wells Wells
Pounds Pounds
0.63 0.27
284. 112 121.080
1,931.72 9,781.80
1,121.00 255.70
810.72 9,526.10
0.00 10,000.00
0.00 0,00
0.00 10,000.00
0.60 0.00
3.16 0.00
000 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
2.95 0.00
0,00 0,W
0.00 0.00
0.21 oeo
0.00 0.00
60.27 0.02
48,37 0,02
0.00 0.00
11.90 0.00
0.00 0.00
1,996.38 19,782.09
On-site Land Releases
RCRA Other On-site
Subtitle C Land
Landfills Releases
Pounds Pounds
10.81 73.46
4,903.737 33, 31 3.286
91,297.96 3,196,983.53
20,280.78 18,16440
71,017.18 3,178,819.12
201,581.64 115,205.99
97614 5,236,07
200,605.50 109,969.93
1,371,343.20 57,544.00
33,707.32 28,498.00
2,342.00 0 00
8,947.74 0.00
2.372.S6 000
0.00 0.00
2,569.00 0.00
332.00 20,343.00
5,928.02 0.80
11,216.00 8,155.00
17,578.20 205,422.10
16,955,00 5,745,20
0.00 148.30
823.20 1,99960
0.00 197,529.00
1,715,519.14 3,603,727.08
Total On-site
Releases
Pounds
101.24
45,915.624
3,466,789.83
76,047 32
3,396,742.51
2,261,361.11
49,881,52
2,212,299.59
1,434,770.77
68,878.74
2,342 79
8,961.44
2,379 18
3.00
2,828.33
21,737.54
5,95ft 83
24,875.15
287,552.06
24,588,28
148.30
2,971 09
259,926.41
7,519,453.76
Off-site
Releases
Transfers Off-
site to
Disposal
Pounds
118.86
53,898.465
849,872.31
24,490.28
825,382.03
3,141,614.53
118,827,71
3,024,686 82
26,146.07
13,564.60
2.58
828.59
221.87
0.00
3175,
9,555.00
17814
2,748.67
551,362.24
13,021.0*
436.90
355.06
537,549.30
4,582,678.60
Total On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
220.09
99,814.089
4,316,662.14
94,537.80
4,222,124.54
5,402,975.63
185,989,23
5,236,986.40
1,460,916.85
82,443.34
2,345.37
9,790.03
2,601.03
3.00
2,860,58
31,292.54
6,126.97
27,623.82
838,914.30
37,527.30
585.20
3,326.09
797,475.71
12,102,132.35
Note: On-site Releases are from Section 5 of Form R. Off-site Releases are from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R. Off-site Releases include metals and
metal compounds transferred off-site for solidification/stabilization and for wastewater treatment, including to POTWs. Off-site Releases do not include transfers to disposal
sent to other TRI Facilities that reported the amount as an on-site release.
* The chemical category dioxin and dioxin-like compounds is reported in grams. Where the category dioxin and dioxin-like compounds is shown on a table with other TRI
chemicals, it is presented in pounds. The grams are converted to pounds by multiplying by 0.002205.
2000 Toxics Release Inventor/ Public Data Release
ES - 3
-------
accounted for 1.7 million pounds, with other on-site
land releases (e.g, surface impoundment, other
landfills, land treatment) totaling 3.6 million
pounds. Off-site releases (transfers to disposal) con-
stituted 4.6 million pounds, 38 percent of the total
releases for PBT chemicals. (See Table ES-2.)
Of the 12.1 million pounds of total on- and off-site
releases of PBT chemicals, polycyclic aromatic
compounds constituted almost 45 percent, mercury
and mercury compounds almost 36 percent, and
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) 12 percent.
Forms for the dioxin and dioxin-like compounds
category represented 18.5 percent (1,274 out of
6,901) of all the PBT chemicals forms for 2000.
Dioxin and dioxin-like compounds are reported in
grams and subject to a lower reporting threshold
(0.1 grams) than the other PBT chemicals. Over
99,814 grams of total releases of dioxin and dioxin-
like compounds were reported for 2000. Over half
(54.0 percent) were released off-site as transfers to
disposal. Of the on-site releases, most (72.6 per-
cent) were other on-site land releases, that is on-site
land releases to other than RCRA subtitle C
landfills, such as other types of landfills, surface
impoundments, and land treatment.
More detailed information on releases of PBT
chemicals, including dioxin and dioxin-like com-
pounds, can be found in Chapter 3 of this report.
On- and Off-site Releases by State
Nevada, followed by Utah, Arizona, Alaska and
Texas were the five states with the largest total on-
and off-site releases of chemicals in 2000. The first
four states were ranked highest due to reporting by
mining facilities in the states. Texas ranked high
because of reporting by manufacturing facilities.
(See Table ES-3.)
Nevada was the state with the largest total releases
reported by new industries. New industry facilities
in Nevada reported 1.00 billion pounds of total
releases, over 20 percent of all releases reported by
new industries. Utah had the second largest total
releases reported by new industries, with 849.8 mil-
lion pounds, over 17 percent of the total releases
reported by new industries. Two other states had
over 500 million pounds reported by new industries:
Arizona with 705.3 million pounds and Alaska with
533.5 million pounds.
Texas was the state with the largest total releases
reported by original (manufacturing) industries.
Manufacturing industry facilities in Texas reported
245.8 million pounds of total releases, almost 11
percent of all releases reported by the manufactur-
ing industries. Pennsylvania, Ohio, Louisiana and
Indiana all had over 130 million pounds of releases
reported by manufacturing industries, each repre-
senting about 6 percent of total releases by manu-
facturing industries in 2000. Manufacturing
industry facilities in Pennsylvania reported 139.3
million pounds, those in Ohio reported 137.1 mil-
lion pounds, those in Louisiana reported 135.2 mil-
lion pounds and those in Indiana reported 134.3
million pounds.
All TRI Chemicals
A total of 37.89 billion pounds of TRI chemicals in
production-related waste was reported as managed
during 2000. Nearly 84 percent of the production-
related waste in 2000 was managed by manufactur-
ing industry facilities. Metal mines reported another
9 percent, and electric utilities reported managing
just over 4 percent. (See Table ES-4 and Figure
ES-2.)
Over 14.78 billion pounds of total production-relat-
ed waste were treated on-site in 2000, representing
39 percent of all production-related waste. For man-
ufacturing industries, waste treated on-site repre-
sented 43 percent of their reported
production-related waste and recycled on-site repre-
sented 30 percent. Metal mining reported the largest
amount of production-related waste of the new
industries; 91 percent of this industry's waste was
released on- or off-site. Electric utilities, the new
industry sector with the second largest production-
related waste, released (on- and off-site) 70 percent
of its production-related waste.
2000 Toxics Release Inventory Public Data Release
-------
Table ES-3: TRI Total Releases by State, Original (Manufacturing) and New
Industries, 2000
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Guam
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Northern Marianas
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
SouBi Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Original Industries
Pounds Rank
77,329,585 9
1 ,976,440 47
16,780 53
39,383,505 22
47,564,128 19
39,960,263 21
6,932,142 39
6,384,133 41
8,240,553 38
13,257 54
74,234,577 10
61,702,191 13
0
501,163 51
25,301,075 29
94,014,634 8
134,272,453 5
33,584,800 24
28,697,983 26
40,702,871 20
135,215,670 4
10,371,598 37
15,722,576 35
5,670,598 42
59,973,529 14
19,532,793 32
84,402,242 11
58,417,546 16
51,864,792 18
21,144,939 31
4,457,939 43
2,855,010 45
18,499,140 33
839,391 49
30,389,315 25
61,930,420 12
2,228,963 46
0
137,075,843 3
23,679,590 30
26,990,431 27
139,337,978 2
6,403,284 40
1,198,732 48
59,046,658 15
3,977,765 44
98,979,347 7
245,761,545 1
106,141,261 6
401,956 52
654,616 50
57,791,987 17
26,066,915 28
17,529,931 34
37,918,089 23
11,114,777 36
2,284,399,698
New Industries
Pounds Rank
73,307,119 11
533,512,830 4
0
705,336,645 3
3,870,334 45
35,649,083 23
23,668,364 27
2,362,469 47
5,360,453 44
53,008 52
69,422,519 15
60,506,600 18
224,283 50
772,808 48
51,367,069 22
56,326,276 19
69,824,616 14
9,840,738 37
9,649,399 38
60,728,061 17
19,306,965 30
225,806 49
29,471,717 25
7,326,029 41
80,216,465 9
13,470,424 32
16,681,199 31
72,539,700 12
70,284,647 13
8,916,445 40
1,003,811,775 1
3,305,851 46
10,511,310 35
124,369,822 6
30,146,954 24
95,349,390 7
21,971,456 28
7,990 54
145,944,153 5
9,323,277 39
55,169,231 21
86,574,799 8
12,211,705 33
76,818 51
20,322,166 29
5,627,988 43
63,876,540 16
55,757,413 20
849,800,537 2
0
31,174 53
24,402,215 26
5,640,960 42
80,183,672 10
11,760,631 34
10,016,671 36
4,816,416,567
All TRI Industries
Pounds Rank
150,636,704 12
535,489,271 4
16,780 55
744,720,149 3
51,434,462 29
75,609,346 27
30,600,506 37
8,746,602 47
13,601,006 43
66,265 54
143,657,096 14
122,208,791 18
224,283 53
1,273,971 50
76,668,144 26
150,340,910 13
204,097,069 8
43,425,537 32
38,347,383 33
101,430,933 20
154,522,635 11
10,597,403 45
45,194,293 31
12,996,627 44
140,189,994 15
33,003,217 34
81,083,440 24
130,957,247 16
122,149,439 19
30,061 ,384 38
1,008,269,713 1
6,160,861 48
29,010,449 39
125,209,213 17
60,536,268 28
157,279,810 10
24,200,419 40
7,990 56
283,019,996 6
33,002,867 35
82,159,662 23
225,912,777 7
18,614,988 42
1 ,275,550 49
79,368,824 25
9,605,753 46
162,855,887 9
301,518,958 5
955,941,798 2
401,956 52
685,790 51
82,194,202 22
31,707,875 36
97,713,602 21
49,678,719 30
21,131,448 41
7,100,816,264
Note: On-site Releases are from Section 5 of Form R. Off-site Releases are from Section 6 (transfers off-site to dispos-
al) of Form R. Off-site Releases include metals and metal compounds transferred off-site for solidification/stabilization and
for wastewater treatment, including to POTWs. Off-site Releases do not include transfers to disposal sent to other TRI
facilities that reported the amount as an on-site release.
2000 Toxics Release Inventor/ Public Data Release
ES - 5
-------
Figure ES-2: TRI Total Production-related Waste
Managed, Original (Manufacturing) and New
Industries, 2000
Petroleum
Terminals/Bulk Storage
0.1%
Electric Utilities
4.3%
Coal Mining
0.04%
Chemical Wholesale
Distributors
0.06%
Hazardous Waste/Solvent
/- Recovery
7 2.6%
Metal Mining
9.1%
TRI Total Production-related Waste Managed, 2000: 37.89 billion pounds
Note: Data are from Section 8 of Form R for year indicated.
PBT Chemicals
Production-related waste for PBT chemicals totaled
71.6 million pounds for 2000. Almost two-thirds of
the waste was treated on-site, another 17 percent
was released on- and off-site, 11 percent was
burned for energy recovery on-site, and 5 percent
was recycled on-site. (See Table ES-5.)
Almost 43.0 million pounds of production-related
waste of polycyclic aromatic compounds, represent-
ing 60 percent of all production-related waste of
PBT chemicals, was reported in 2000. Almost 60
percent of the production-related waste of poly-
cyclic aromatic compounds was treated on-site.
Another 18 percent was burned for energy recovery
on-site and 13 percent was released on- and off-site.
Production-related waste of polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs) was 13.7 million pounds, consti-
tuting 19 percent of all production-related waste of
PBT chemicals in 2000. Almost 87 percent of the
production-related waste of polychlorinated
biphenyls was treated on-site. Production-related
waste of mercury and mercury compounds was 4.9
million pounds, representing almost 7 percent of all
production-related waste of PBT chemicals in 2000.
Most (83 percent) of the production-related waste
of mercury and mercury compounds was released
on- and off-site.
Production-related waste for the dioxin and dioxin-
like compounds totaled 393,963 grams for 2000.
Dioxin and dioxin-like compounds are reported in
grams and subject to a lower reporting threshold
(0.1 grams) than the other PBT chemicals. Two-
thirds (63 percent or 249,513 grams) of the total
production-related waste of dioxin and dioxin-like
Table ES-4: Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste by Industry, Original (Manufacturing) and New
Industries, 2000
SIC Code Industry
20-39 Manufacturing tn&istries
1 0 Metal Mining
12 Geal Mining
491/493 Electric Utilities
5169 Chemical Wholesale
Distributors
5171 Petroleum Terminals/Bulk
Storage
4953/7389 Hazardous WastelS*ent
Recovery
Total
Recycled
On-site Off-site
Pounds Pounds
9,683,794,986 2,169,966,719
32,398,053 2,042,398
35,718 7,774
94,645 7,231 ,764
7,548,921 163,469
27,082,736 1 ,729,889
128,391,137 22,011,626
9,849,346,195 2,193,143,639
Energy Recovery
On-site Off-site
Pounds Pounds
2,686,643,776 549,039,983
0 0
0 0
25,745 13,607
0 9,957,310
34,706 123,547
6,986,191 256,029,724
2,693,689,418 815,164,171
Treated
On-site Off-site
Pounds Pounds
13,778,146,072 571,131,526
258,763,697 166,274
358,556 0
481 ,671 ,522 370,726
674,681 3,028,130
7,176,661 441,525
254,270,231 43,726,873
14,780,961,420 618,865,054
Quantity
Released On-
and Off-site
Pounds
2,338,337,556
3,138,140,726
15,S85,805
1,150,350,804
1,517,566
3,976,827
289,719,497
6,935,028,782
Total Production
related Waste
Managed
Pounds
31,734,060,618
3,431,511,148
16,387,852
1,639,758,814
22,780,077
40,565,892
1001134,279
37,886,198,679
Non-
production-
related Waste
Managed
Pounds
39,973,193
219,374,009
2,646,6S9
328,780
170,919
86,622
1,498,318
264,078,540
Note: Data are from Section 8 of Form R for year indicated.
Facilities/forms are included in the original industry category if they did not report a new industry SIC code. Facilities/forms are included in the new industry category if the
facility/form has a new industry SIC code and no SIC code in 20-39. If the facility reported in any year prior to 1998 and the facility/form has a combination of original and
new industry SIC codes, then the facility/form is included in the original industry category. If the facility reported for the first time in 1998 or later and the facility/form has a
combination of original and new industry SIC codes, then the facility/form is included in the new industry category.
One facility, Phelps Dodge Miami of Claypool, AZ, that reported under SIC code 33 and SIC code 10 in 2000 and previous years has been included in the new industry cate-
gory SIC code 10 for the purpose of this analysis.
2000 Toxics Release Inventory Public Data Release
-------
compounds were treated on-site with most of the
remaining released on- and off-site (105,710
grams).
More detailed information on releases and other
waste management of PBT chemicals, including
dioxin and dioxin-like compounds, can be found in
Chapter 3 of this report.
Waste Management by State
Facilities in Louisiana, followed by those in Texas,
Alabama, Illinois and Nevada, reported the largest
amounts of production-related waste in 2000. The
first four states ranked highest because of facilities
in the original industries and Nevada ranked fifth
because of facilities in the new industries. (See
Table ES-6.)
Louisiana was the state with the largest quantity of
production-related waste reported by original indus-
tries. Original industry facilities in Louisiana
reported 9.39 billion pounds of production-related
waste, almost 30 percent of all production-related
waste reported by original industries in 2000. Texas,
with 4.4 billion pounds of production-related waste
from original industries, represented almost 14 per-
cent of the total for original industries. Three other
states also reported more than one billion pounds of
production-related waste from original industries:
Alabama with 2.81 billion pounds, Illinois with
1.51 billion pounds and Pennsylvania with 1.12
billion pounds.
Nevada was the state with the largest quantity of
production-related waste reported by new indus-
tries. New industry facilities in Nevada reported
1.27 billion pounds of production-related waste,
over 20 percent of all production-related waste from
new industry facilities in 2000. Three other states
had more than 500 million pounds of production-
related waste reported by new industries: Arizona
with 722.2 million pounds, Utah with 672.4 million
pounds and Alaska with 534.2 million pounds.
Table ES-5: Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, PBT Chemicals, 2000
CAS
Number Chemical
~ Dioxin and Qioxin-tike compounds*
- Dioxin and dioxin-like compounds (in grams)*
Mercury and Mercury Compounds
7438-97-6 Mercury
-- Mercury compounds
Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds
191-24-2 Benzols, hflpefylene
~ Polycyclic aromatic compounds
1336-36-3 Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)
Pesticides
30JI-QO-2 Aldrin
57-74-9 Chlordane
76-44-8 Heptaohtor
465-73-6 Isodrin
72-43-5 Mefhoxycblor
40487-42-1 Pendimethalin
8001-36-2 Toxaphene
1582-09-8 Trifluralin
Other PBTs
118-74-1 Hejochlorobenffine
608-93-5 Octachlorostyrene
79-94-7 PeBtachlorobenzene
29082-74-4 Tetrabromobisphenol A
Total
Recycled
On-site Off-site
Pounds Pounds
8.81 0.01
4,448.559 5.393
646,940.05 161,929.47
381,882.87 64,712.99
345,257.18 97,216.48
2,932,858.97 622,842.53
100,106,08 9,325,22
2,832,753.89 612,917.31
358.00 752.65
11,501.00 0.00
0,00 0,00
0.00 0.00
0,00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0,00 0.00
4,000.00 0.00
0,00 0,00
7,501.00 0.00
6,605.50 12,450.00
6.000,50 12,039,00
0.00 0.00
40,00 401.00
565.00 10.00
3,598,273.32 797,974.66
Energy Recovery
On-site Off-site
Pounds Pounds
8.04 4.40
19.698 1,994.612
77.73 126.01
67.73 68.01
10.00 57.00
7,570,145.81 212,142.99
1,804,365.26 5,656,33
5,765,790.55 206,486.66
1,410.77 10,517.00
1,569.00 983.00
0.00 0,00
230.00 0.00
42.00 0,00
0.00 0.00
225.00 755,00
0.00 0.00
1,072.00 0,00
0.00 228.00
140,662.00 58,434.00
140,662.00 56,585,00
0.00 0.00
0.00 0,00
0.00 1,849.00
7,713,865.36 282,207.40
Treated
On-site Off-site
Pounds Pounds
550.18 71.16
249,513.356 32,271.529
19,768.28 5,864.61
365.53 5,334.76
19,402.75 529.84
25,600,382.12 257,264.86
1,451,368.24 2,665,42
24,149,013.88 254,599.44
11,906,010.41 288,785.81
2,312,740.17 140,172.19
82,504,75 283,00
812,322.92 5,686.05
237,739.73 3,773,30
6,603.84 0.00
290,474.16 431,60
656,145.00 19,602.00
210240.69 689,24
16,709.08 109,807.00
6,504,174.17 28,488.96
6,154,326.17 19/61.15
19.00 0.00
342,267.00 1,390,81
6,962.00 7,637.00
46,343,625.33 720,647.59
Quantity
Released On-
and Off-site
Pounds
233.89
105,709.934
4,041,157.67
87.957.08
3,953,200.59
5,744,191.79
167,216,09
5,576,975.70
1,481,214.78
87,061.74
2,345,32
9,010.26
2,394,03
3.00
2,682,64
31,358.55
6,008,47
33,259.47
839,475.17
48.420,58
585.20
3,326,28
787,143.11
12,193,334.24
Total
Production-
related Waste
Managed
Pounds
868.89
393,963.08?
4,875,863.82
480,188.97
4,415,673.84
42,939,829.07
3,541,291,65
39,398,537.42
13,689,049.42
2,554,027.10
85,133,07
827,249.23
243,949,06
6,606.84
294,568,40
711,105.55
217,910,40
167,504.55
7,590,289.80
6,438,094,40
604.20
347/25,09
804,166.11
71,649,927.90
Non-
production-
related Waste
Managed
Pounds
59.14
26,821006
18,143.88
4,883.71
13,240.17
64,717.07
639,53
64,077.54
22,122.52
45.00
0,00
0.00
0,00
0.00
0,00
0.00
0,00
45.00
21,754.65
21,752,30
0.00
2,35
0.00
126,842.26
Note: Data are from Section 8 of Form R for year indicated.
* The chemical category dioxin and dioxin-like compounds is reported in grams. Where the category dioxin and dioxin-like compounds is shown on a table with other TRI
chemicals, it is presented in pounds. The grams are converted to pounds by multiplying by 0.002205.
2000 Toxics Release Inventor/ Public Data Release
ES - 7
-------
Table ES-6: TRI Total Production-related Waste by State, Original (Manufacturing) and
New Industries, 2000
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Guam
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Northern Marianas
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Original Industries
Pounds Rank
2,808,342,440 3
4,476,547 50
16,780 54
173,627,053 29
382,791,579 20
385,346,048 19
76,351,789 39
151,594,911 30
146,640,101 31
21,150 53
277,332,292 26
448,129,555 15
0
1,011,836 52
68,972,405 40
1,511,729,126 4
888,007,246 6
437,436,722 16
282,542,381 25
612,488,077 10
9,391,988,312 1
88,580,552 37
104,253,919 35
93,304,125 36
519,281,599 14
324,857,821 23
385,473,871 18
541,233,915 13
106,742,931 34
60,569,098 41
31,037,975 44
48,570,893 42
373,411,703 21
35,380,598 43
426,618,231 17
699,734,269 9
7,924,738 49
0
817,018,936 8
129,063,399 33
146,224,732 32
1,121,034,762 5
83,472,279 38
29,147,967 45
832,475,366 7
8,494,367 48
588,507,674 11
4,376,025,985 2
563,191,609 12
3,559,034 51
17,360,305 46
351,339,431 22
183,523,467 28
260,868,910 27
310,094,086 24
16,833,722 47
31,734,060,618
New Industries
Pounds Rank
89,020,397 18
534,158,062 4
0
722,224,982 2
83,798,618 20
85,273,713 19
27,815,907 33
5,488,691 46
5,969,759 45
53,228 53
115,551,203 13
65,180,615 23
224,641 51
770,278 49
51,577,580 26
114,910,108 14
137,168,298 10
10,279,437 42
13,718,505 40
152,069,826 7
24,609,743 34
264,456 50
37,251,656 31
10,049,835 43
142,970,573 8
19,397,053 36
17,490,460 37
81,638,267 21
72,821,892 22
45,682,295 27
1,266,117,881 1
3,277,937 47
91,176,534 17
131,791,362 11
38,895,206 30
102,122,289 16
23,172,365 35
7,990 54
293,814,165 5
16,611,572 38
55,277,299 24
140,718,372 9
32,226,907 32
932,546 48
54,813,720 25
8,856,631 44
111,373,252 15
207,489,081 6
672,402,031 3
0
64,284 52
45,143,948 28
12,513,077 41
118,021,620 12
42,578,567 29
15,309,347 39
6,152,138,062
All TRI Industries
Pounds Rank
2,897,362,837 3
538,634,609 17
16,780 55
895,852,035 10
466,590,197 20
470,619,761 19
104,167,696 42
157,083,602 35
152,609,860 36
74,378 54
392,883,495 26
513,310,170 18
224,641 S3
1,782,114 52
120,549,985 39
1,626,639,234 4
1,025,175,542 9
447,716,159 23
296,260,886 30
764,557,903 13
9,416,598,055 1
88,845,008 44
141,505,575 38
103,353,960 43
662,252,171 15
344,254,874 29
402,966,331 24
622,872,181 16
179,564,822 33
106,251,394 41
1,297,155,855 5
51,848,829 45
464,588,237 22
167,171,961 34
465,513,437 21
801,856,558 12
31,097,102 47
7,990 56
1,110,833,101 8
145,674,972 37
201,502,031 31
1,261,753,134 6
115,699,186 40
30,080,513 48
887,289,086 11
17,350,998 50
699,880,926 14
4,583,515,066 2
1,235,593,640 7
3,559,034 51
17,424,589 49
396,483,379 25
196,036,544 32
378,890,530 27
352,672,652 28
32,143,069 46
37,886,198,679
Note: Data are from Section 8 of Form R for 2000.
2000 Toxics Release Inventory Public Data Release
-------
Figure ES-3: TRI Total Releases, Original (Manufacturing) and New Industries, 1998-2000
m m m
1998 1999 2000 1998 1999 2000 1998 1999 2000
Manufacturing Industries Metal Mining Coal Mining
1998 1999 2000 1998
Electric Utilities
1999 2000
Chemical
Wholesale
Distributors
1998 1999 2000 1998 1999 2000
@ Transfers Off-site to
Disposal
E] On-site Land Releases
II Underground Injection
• Surface Water
Discharges
E3 Total Air Emissions
Petroleum
Terminals/Bulk
Storage
Hazardous
Waste/Solvent
Recovery
Note: On-site Releases are from Section 5 of Form R. Off-site Releases are from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R. Off-site Releases include metals and
metal compounds transferred off-site for solidification/stabilization and for wastewater treatment, including to POTWs. Off-site Releases do not include transfers to disposal
sent to other TRI facilities that reported the amount as an on-site release.
vanadium or vanadium compounds since certain
PBT chemicals and vanadium compounds were
added to the TRI list of chemicals in 2000 and the
reporting definition for vanadium changed. Also,
the reporting thresholds for all PBT chemicals
changed. (See Table ES-7 and Figure ES-3.)
The largest decreases from 1999 to 2000 came in
the metal mining industry: releases decreased by
From 1999 to 2000, total TRI releases by all indus-
tries fell by 644.4 million pounds or over 8 percent.
In the three year period, from 1998 to 2000, the
decline was 409.3 million pounds total, a 5.5 per-
cent decrease. The data used to compare 1998, 1999
and 2000 do not include the PBT chemicals or
Table ES-7: TRI Total Releases by Industry, Original (Manufacturing) and New Industries, 1998-2000
SIC Code Industry
20-39 Manufacturing Industries
10 Metal Mining
12 GOB! Mining
491/493 Electric Utilities
51 69 Che mica I Wtolesa le Distributors
5171 Petroleum Terminals/Bulk Storage
4953/7389 Hazardous Waste/Solvent Recovery
Total
Total On- and Off-site Releases
1998 1999 2000
Pounds Pounds Pounds
2/421,337,219 2,328,075,238 2,267,118,555
3,563,140,043 3,866,021,504 3,310,956,485
13,392,904 10,737,088 15,327,860
1,130,449,946 1,157,870,693 1,120,615,348
1,520,440 1,999,646 1,611,790
4,511,772 4,333,895 3,725,152
276,048,273 276,499,126 281,782,838
7,410,400,596 7,645,537,190 7,001,138,027
Change 1999-2000
Pounds Percent
-60,956,683 -2.6
-555,065,019 -14.4
4,590,772 42.8
-37,255,345 -3.2
-387,856 -19.4
-608,743 -14.0
5,283,711 1.9
-644,399,163 -8.4
Change 1998-2000
Pounds Percent
-154,218,664 -6.4
-252,183,558 -7.1
1,934,956 14.4
-9,834,598 -0.9
91,350 6.0
-786,620 -17.4
5,734,564 2,1
-409,262,569 -5.5
Note: Does not include PBT chemicals, vanadium and vanadium compounds. On-site Releases are from Section 5 of Form R. Off-site Releases are from Section 6 (trans-
fers off-site to disposal) of Form R. Off-site Releases include metals and metal compounds transferred off-site for solidification/stabilization and for wastewater treatment,
including to POTWs. Off-site Releases do not include transfers to disposal sent to other TRI facilities that reported the amount as an on-site release.
Facilities/forms are included in the original industry category if they did not report a new industry SIC code. Facilities/forms are included in the new industry category if the
facility/form has a new industry SIC code and no SIC code in 20-39. If the facility reported in any year prior to 1998 and the facility/form has a combination of original and
new industry SIC codes, then the facility/form is included in the original industry category. If the facility reported for the first time in 1998 or later and the facility/form has a
combination of original and new industry SIC codes, then the facility/form is included in the new industry category.
One facility, Phelps Dodge Miami of Claypool, AZ, that reported under SIC code 33 and SIC code 10 in 2000 and previous years has been included in the new industry cate-
gory SIC code 10 for the purpose of this analysis.
2000 Toxics Release Inventor/ Public Data Release
ES - 9
-------
Figure ES-4: TRI Production-related Waste Managed, Original (Manufacturing) and New Industries, 1998-2000
35,000n
30,000
5,000
1998 1999 2000 1998 1999 2000 1998 1999 2000 1998 1999 2000 1998 1999 2000 1998 1999 2000 1998 1999 2000
Manufacturing Industries Metal Mining
Coal Mining Electric Utilities
Chemical Petroleum Hazardous
Wholesale Terminals/Bulk Waste/Solvent
Distributors Storage Recovery
0 Quantity Released On-and Off-site • Energy Recovery On-site
E3 Treated Off-site H Recycled Off-site
E3 Treated On-site El Recycled On-site
C3 Energy Recovery Off-site
Note: Does not include PBT chemicals, vanadium and vanadium compounds. Data are from Section 8 of Form R for year indicated.
almost 555.1 million pounds. Metal mining releases
declined by 14 percent, while the manufacturing
industries decrease was less than 3 percent.
Chemical wholesale distributors saw the sharpest
percentage drop, 19 percent, from 1999-2000. Coal
mining, the only industry group to report an
increase from 1999 to 2000, increased by 4.6 mil-
lion pounds, almost 43 percent.
For the three year period, 1998-2000, the decreases
in releases were less than from 1999 to 2000 for
metal mining and electric utilities. Metal mining
reported decreases in releases of 252.2 million
pounds, or 7 percent from 1998-2000 and electric
utilities reported decreases in releases of 9.8 million
pounds, less than one percent. Both coal mining and
the hazardous waste/solvent recovery industries
reported increases in releases for the 1998-2000
period. Coal mining's increase was 14 percent (1.9
million pounds) and hazardous waste/solvent recov-
ery industries reported an increase in releases of 2
percent (5.7 million pounds). The manufacturing
industries, however, recorded decreases in releases
throughout the 1998-2000 period, with a decrease
of 154.2 million pounds or 6 percent.
Overall, total production-related waste reported by
all TRI industries increased by 26 percent from
1999-2000, a net increase of 7.77 billion pounds.
The original industries saw an increase of 34 per-
cent or 8.03 billion pounds, while the new indus-
tries saw a decrease of 4 percent or 267.5 million
pounds. The decrease for the new industries was
mainly in the quantity released on- and off-site,
which decreased by 292.7 million pounds or 6 per-
cent, and the amount treated off-site, which
decreased by 24.9 million pounds or 34 percent.
(See Table ES-8 and Figure ES-4.)
The increase for the original industries occurred in
the amount treated on-site, which increased by 6.33
billion pounds or 85 percent. One facility in
Louisiana reported an increase of 5.73 billion
pounds treated on-site. The amount of production-
related waste recycled on-site also increased, by
1.89 billion pounds or 24 percent. One facility in
Alabama reported for the first time in 2000 a total
of 2.08 billion pounds recycled on-site. The quanti-
ty of waste released on- and off-site for the original
10
2000 Toxics Release Inventory Public Data Release
-------
Table ES-8: Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste by Waste Management Activity, Original (Manufacturing)
and New Industries, 1998-2000
Waste Management Activity
Recycled Qn-site
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated On-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste Managed
Me>n-pfodLic8Qn-felated Waste Managed
Waste Management Activity
Recycled On-site
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated On-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste Managed
Non-productton-related Waste Managed
Waste Management Activity
Recycled On-slte
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated On-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste Managed
Non-producBon-related Waste Managed
Original Industries
1998
Pounds
8,385,540,278
2,104,267,249
2,733,353,748
490,658,304
5,959,2 16,668
596,249,888
2,498,382,894
22,767,671,028
26,278,484
1999
Pounds
7,760,371,785
2,170,640,184
2,807,080,971
513,659,423
7,426,442,587
548,518,807
2,416,857,735
23,643,571,472
305,689,636
2000
Pounds
9,848,793,825
2,155,918,552
2,678,931,507
548,777,370
13,755,052,371
570,596,827
2,318,298,838
31,676,369,292
39,828,556
Change 1999-2000
Pounds Percent
1,888,422,060
-14,721,631
-128,149,464
35,117,947
6,328,609,784
22,078,020
-98,558,896
8,032,797,820
-265,861,080
24.3
-0.7
-4.6
6.8
85,2
4.0
-4.1
34.0
-87.0
Change 1998-2000
Pounds Percent
1,263,253,647
51,651,304
-54,422,241
58,119,066
7,795,833,703
-25,653,060
-180,084,056
8,908,698,263
13,550,072
15.1
2.5
-2,0
11.8
130.8
-4.3
-7.2
39.1
51.6
New Industries
1998
Pounds
203,076,708
36,994,728
11,399,201
412,406,220
808,546,067
90,263,036
4,999,898,097
6,562,584,057
1,611,663
1999
Pounds
199,404,215
36,793,121
10,762,603
270,806,332
912,997,890
72,354,931
4,813,430,648
6,316,549,740
506,552,315
2000
Pounds
195,466,701
32,838,059
7,044,038
266,104,594
979,399,297
47,475,922
4,520,758,586
6,049,087,197
220,800,646
Change 1999-2000
Pounds Percent
-3,937,514
-3,955,062
-3,718,565
-4,701,738
66,401 ,407
-24,879,009
-292,672,062
-267,462,543
-285,751,669
-2.0
-10.7
-34,6
-1.7
7.3
-34.4
-6.1
-4.2
-58.4
Change 1998-2000
Pounds Percent
-7,610,007
-4,156,669
-4,355,163
-146,301,626
170,853,230
-42,787,114
-479,139,511
-513,496,860
219,188,993
-3,7
-11.2
-38.2
-35.5
21.1
-47.4
-9.6
-7.8
13,600.3
All TRI Industries
1998
Pounds
8,588,616,986
2,141,261,977
2,744,752,949
903,064,524
6,767,764,735
686,512,924
7,498,280,991
29,330,255,085
27,890, -137
1999
Pounds
7,959,775,980
2,207,433,305
2,817,843,574
784,465,755
8,339,440,477
620,873,738
7,230,288,383
29,960,121,212
812,241,951
2000
Pounds
9,844,260,526
2,188,756,611
2,685,975,545
814,881,964
14,734,451,668
618,072,750
6,839,057,424
37,725,456,489
260,829,202
Change 1999-2000
Pounds Percent
1,884,484,546
-18,676,693
-131,868,029
30,416,209
6,395,011,191
-2,800,989
-391,230,959
7,765,335,277
-551,612,749
23.7
-0.8
-4.7
3.9
76.7
-0.5
-5,4
25.9
-67.9
Change 1998-2000
Pounds Percent
1,255,643,540
47,494,635
-58,777,404
-88,182,560
7,966,686,933
-68,440,174
-659,223,567
8,395,201,403
232,739,065
14.6
2.2
-2.1
-9.8
11 7 J
-10.0
-8.8
28.6
834.5
Note: Does not include PBT chemicals, vanadium and vanadium compounds. Data are from Section 8 of Form R for year indicated.
Facilities/forms are included in the original industry category if they did not report a new industry SIC code. Facilities/forms are included in the new industry category if the
facility/form has a new industry SIC code and no SIC code in 20-39. If the facility reported in any year prior to 1998 and the facility/form has a combination of original and
new industry SIC codes, then the facility/form is included in the original industry category. If the facility reported for the first time in 1998 or later and the facility/form has a
combination of original and new industry SIC codes, then the facility/form is included in the new industry category.
One facility, Phelps Dodge Miami of Claypool, AZ, that reported under SIC code 33 and SIC code 10 in 2000 and previous years has been included in the new industry cat-
egory SIC code 10 for the purpose of this analysis.
industries decreased from 1999 to 2000 by 98.6
million pounds, or 4 percent.
The total production-related waste managed during
the three-year period 1998-2000 increased by
almost 29 percent, a net increase of 8.40 billion
pounds. The original industries saw a 39 percent
increase, or 8.91 billion pounds. Two facilities
accounted for most of this increase; one facility in
Lousiana reported an increase of 5.78 billion
pounds from 1999 to 2000 and one facility in
Alabama reporting for the first time in 2000 report-
ed a total of 2.10 billion pounds. The new indus-
tries saw an 8 percent decline of 513.5 million
pounds, from 1998-2000.
From 1998-2000, all types of waste managed
decreased for the new industries except for that
treated on-site, which increased by 170.9 million
pounds or 21 percent. The quantity released on- and
off-site by the new industries decreased by 479.1
million pounds or nearly 10 percent. The amount
burned for energy recovery off-site decreased by
146.3 million pounds or 35.5 percent.
2000 Toxics Release Inventor/ Public Data Release
ES - 11
-------
Original industries also reported decreases from
1998 to 2000 in the quantity released on- and off-
site, by 180.1 million pounds or 7 percent.
However, the amount treated on-site increased by
7.80 billion pounds or over 130 percent. One facili-
ty in Louisiana reported an increase of 5.73 billion
pounds treated on-site. The amount recycled on-
site also increased by 1.26 billion pounds or 15 per-
cent. One facility in Alabama reported for the first
time in 2000 2.08 billion pounds recycled on-site.
For the core set of chemicals from industries that
have reported consistently since 1988, total on- and
off-site releases decreased by 48 percent between
1988 and 2000, a reduction of 1.55 billion pounds.
At the same time, the number of forms submitted
also declined, by 4.6 percent. On-site releases
decreased by almost 57 percent or 1.58 billion
pounds. However, off-site releases increased over
this period by almost 7 percent or 27.6 million
pounds. (See Table ES-9 and Figure ES-5.)
Table ES-9: Comparison of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, Original (Manufacturing) Industries,
1988,1995,1998-2000
Total Forms
Form Rs
Form As
On-site Releases
Total Air Emissions
Fugitive Air Emissions
Point Source Air Emissions
Surface Water Discharges
Underground Injection
On-site Land Releases
Total On-site Releases
1988
Number
60,100
60,100
-
Pounds
2,180,542,989
680,408,475
1,500,134,514
41,912,257
161,910,712
405,807,542
2,790,173,500
1995
Number
61,049
56,008
5,041
Pounds
1,205,159,279
307,072,846
898,086,433
17,094,344
154,738,867
269,871,022
1,646,863,512
1998
Number
59,042
50,754
8,288
Pounds
928,928,863
219,337,574
709,591,289
17,426,363
114,708,252
340,391,183
1,401,454,661
1999
Number
57,800
49,601
8,199
Pounds
862,632,766
198,457,524
664,175,242
14,403,138
109,328,491
325,046,057
1,311,410,452
2000
Number
57,321
48,865
8,456
Pounds
800,756,085
183,898,550
616,857,536
14,621,472
111,331,713
285,580,038
1 ,212,289,308
Off-site Releases
Storage Qrity*
Solidification/Stabilization**
Metals and Metal Compounds Only
Wastewater Treatment (Excluding POTWs)***
Metals and Metal Compounds Only
Transfers to POTWs****
Metals and Metal Compounds Only
Underground Injection
LBrtdfilts/SyrfBce Impoundments
Land Treatment
Other Land Disposal
Other Off-site Management
Transfers to Waste Broker for Disposal
Unknown*****
Total Off-site Releases
(Transfers Off-site to Disposal)
Total On- and Off-site Releases
13,774,065
29,504,218
4,645,783
9,587,143
8,734,876
264,707,287
2,701,526
9,349,634
37,438,997
29,723,527
11,242,692
421,409,728
3,211,583,228
2,220,372
26,444,178
3,882,834
2,722,085
12,129,030
215,580,481
853,636
10,523,661
13,529,710
4,746,053
1,847,406
294,479,446
1,941,342,958
5,234,408
135,453,510
2,817,951
3,339,395
9,783,826
229,176,392
536,324
13,297,507
9,086,260
12,301,123
3,535,558
424,562,254
1,826,016,915
6,046,121
133,633,858
6,583,081
3,144,502
19,895,785
220,705,243
2,853,007
12,123,026
9,064,895
10,821,657
3,358,968
428,230,142
1 ,739,640,594
7,820,720
142,351,513
6,701,369
3,143,092
19,009,127
234,977,336
2,174,105
7,770,612
7,418,660
13,648,286
4,022,510
449,037,330
1,661,326,638
Change 1988-2000
Number
-2,779
—
-
Pounds
-1,379,786,904
-496,509,925
-883,276,978
-27,290,785
-50,578,999
-120,227,504
-1,577,884,192
Percent
-4.6
-
-
Percent
-63.3
-73.0
-58,9
-65.1
-312
-29.6
-56.6
-5,953,345
112,847,295
2,055,586
-6,444,051
10,274,251
-29,729,931
-527,421
-1,579,022
-30,020,337
-16,075,241
-7,220,182
27,627,602
-1,550,256,590
-43,2
382.5
44.2
-67.2
117.6
-11,2
-19.5
-16.9
-80.2
-54.1
-64.2
6.6
-48.3
Note: Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1994 and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, PBT chemicals, sulfuric acid, vanadium
and vanadium compounds. On-site Releases are from Section 5 of Form R. Off-site Releases are from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R. Off-Site
Releases include metals and metal compounds transferred off-site for solidification/stabilization and for wastewater treatment, including to POTWs.
* Storage only (disposal code M10) indicates that the toxic chemical is sent off-site for storage because there is no known disposal method. Amounts reported as transferred
to storage only are included as a form of disposal (off-site release). See Box 1-5.
** Beginning in reporting year 1997, transfers to solidification/stabilization of metals and metal compounds (waste treatment code M41) are reported separately from transfers
to solidification/stabilization of non-metal TRI chemicals (waste treatment code M40). Because this treatment method prepares a metal for disposal, but does not destroy it,
such transfers are included as a form of disposal (off-site release). See Box 1-6. Reports under code M40 of metals and metal compounds have been included in solidifica-
tion/stabilization of metals and metal compounds in this report.
*** Beginning in reporting year 1997, transfers to wastewater treatment (excluding POTWs) of metals and metal compounds (waste treatment code M61) are reported sepa-
rately from transfers to wastewater treatment of non-metal TRI chemicals (waste treatment code M60). Because wastewater treatment does not destroy metals, such trans-
fers are included as a form of disposal (off-site release). See Box 1-6. Transfers of metals and metal compounds reported under code M60 have been included in transfers of
metals and metal compounds to wastewater treatment.
**** Reported as discharges to POTWs in Section 6.1 of Form R. EPA considers transfers of metals and metal compounds to POTWs as an off-site release because sewage
treatment does not destroy the metal content of the waste material.
***** Unknown (disposal code M99) indicates that a facility is not aware of the type of waste management used for the toxic chemical that is sent off-site. Amounts reported
as unknown transfers are treated as a form of disposal (off-site release).
12
2000 Toxics Release Inventory Public Data Release
-------
Figure ES-5: Distribution of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, Original (Manufacturing) Industries, 1988-2000
3,500
3,000
H Transfers Off-site to Disposal
ED On-site Land Releases
E3Underground Injection
CD Surface Water Discharges
0 Total Air Emissions
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
Note: Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1994 and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, PBT chemicals, sulfuric acid, vanadium
and vanadium compounds. On-site Releases are from Section 5 of Form R. Off-site Releases are from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R. Off-site
Releases include metals and metal compounds transferred off-site for solidification/stabilization and for wastewater treatment, including to POTWs.
All on-site release categories showed decreases. Air
emissions decreased by 63 percent or 1.38 billion
pounds. Surface water discharges decreased by 65
percent or 27.3 million pounds. Underground injec-
tion decreased by 31 percent or 50.6 million
pounds, and on-site land releases fell almost 30
percent or 120.2 million pounds.
The largest increases in off-site releases (transfers
to disposal) occurred in solidification/stabilization
of metals for subsequent disposal, an increase of
112.8 million pounds or over 382 percent and in
off-site underground injection, an increase of 10.3
million pounds or 118 percent. The amount of met-
als and metal compounds in waste sent for waste-
water treatment also increased by 2.1 million
pounds or 44 percent. The categories of off-site
release with the largest decreases were other off-
site management, which decreased by 30.0 million
pounds or 80 percent, and disposal in landfills/sur-
face impoundments, which decreased by 29.7 mil-
lion pounds or 11 percent.
While TRI provides the public, industry, and state
and local governments an invaluable source of key
environmental data, it has some limitations that
must be considered when using the data. Although
the Agency has expanded the number of industries
that must report, the program does not cover all
sources of releases and other waste management
activities of TRI chemicals. Although TRI is suc-
cessful in capturing information on a significant
portion of toxic chemicals currently being used by
covered industry sectors, it does not cover all toxic
chemicals or all industry sectors. In addition, facili-
ties that do not meet the TRI threshold levels (those
with fewer than 10 full-time employees or those not
meeting TRI quantity thresholds) are not required to
report. Thus, while the TRI includes 91,513 reports
from 23,484 facilities for 2000, the 7.10 billion
pounds of on-and off-site releases reported repre-
sent only a portion of all toxic chemical releases
nationwide.
2000 Toxics Release Inventor/ Public Data Release
ES - 13
-------
Furthermore, facilities often report estimated data
to TRI, and the program does not mandate that they
monitor their releases. Various estimation tech-
niques are used when monitoring data are not avail-
able, and EPA has published estimation guidance
for the regulated community. Variations between
facilities can result from the use of different estima-
tion methodologies. Patterns of releases and other
waste management activities can change dramati-
cally from one year to the next. These factors
should be taken into account when considering data
accuracy and comparability.
TRI reports reflect releases and other waste man-
agement activities of chemicals, not exposures of
the public to those chemicals. Release estimates
alone are not sufficient to determine exposure or to
calculate potential adverse effects on human health
and the environment. Although additional informa-
tion is necessary to assess exposure and risk, TRI
data can be used to identify areas of potential
concern.
TRI data, in conjunction with other information,
can be used as a starting point in evaluating expo-
sures that may result from releases and other waste
management activities of toxic chemicals. The
determination of potential risk depends upon many
factors, including the toxicity of the chemical, the
fate of the chemical after it is released, the locality
of the release, and the populations that are exposed
to the chemical after its release.
The TRI data and data release reports may be
accessed through the EPA's TRI home page at
http://www.epa.gov/tri. The TRI home page also
includes other background information on the TRI
program and TRI data as well as information on
applicable statutes, regulations and guidance.
14 2000 Toxics Release Inventory Pubiic Data Release
-------
|