Solid Waste and
                     Emergency Response
                     (5102G)
  EPA542-F-04-012
  March 2004
  www.epa.gov/tio
  www.cluin.org
      National Service Center for
      Environmental Publications
      P.O. 80x42419
      Cincinnati, OH 45242
      Official Business
      Penalty for Private Use $300
      In Situ Thermal  Treatment of
      Chlorinated Solvents:
      Fundamentals and Field Applications
      Fact Sheet and Order Information
      Order Form
      To order In Situ Thermal Treatment of Chlorinated Solvents: Fundamentals and Field Applications (EPA 542-R-04-010)
      please call I-800-490-9198, or complete this form and mall or fax it to:
         National Service Center for Environmental Publications
         P.O. Box 42419
         Cincinnati, OH 45242-2419
         Fax: (513)489-8695
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                Order on-line at
            
             or download free copies from
              < httvJ/www. cluin. ors/>.

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               In Situ Thermal Treatment of Chlorinated
               Solvents:  Fundamentals and Field Applications
               Fact Sheet and  Order Information
Chlorinated solvents, such as trichloroethene
(TCE), are the most frequently occurring soil and
groundwater contaminants at Superfund and
other hazardous waste sites in the nation. The
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
estimates that, over the next several decades, site
owners will spend billions of dollars to clean up
these and other waste sites.

In Situ Thermal Treatment of Chlorinated
Solvents: Fundamentals and Field
Applications (EPA 542-R-04-010) provides an
overview of the basic science and
implementation of in situ thermal treatment
technologies to remediate chlorinated solvents in
source zones, dissolved in groundwater, or in the
unsaturated zone. Specifically, the report
provides information about the following in situ
thermal treatment technologies:

•    Steam Enhanced Extraction (SEE)

•    Electrical Resistive Heating (ERH)

>    Thermal Conductive Heating
In situ thermal treatment
technologies have proven
to be effective in
remediating source zones
contaminated with
chlorinated solvents, and
increasingly are being
used for that purpose. In
addition, these
technologies are being
employed to treat a
variety of other
contaminants, including
non-chlorinated volatile
organic compounds,
petroleum hydrocarbons,
and semi-volatile organic
compounds.
            Report Description
            The information in the report may be helpful to site
            managers, site owners, treatment technology vendors,
            regulators, consulting firms, and the public who may
            be involved in the cleanup of sites contaminated with
            chlorinated solvents. The report
                 Describes the principles and science behind the in
                 situ thermal treatment of chlorinated solvents,
                 including the effects of increased temperature on
                 the fate and transport properties of chlorinated
                 solvents in the source zone
                 Describes the applicability and general engineering
                 considerations associated with in situ thermal
                 treatment for chlorinated solvents, including
                 information about the proven effectiveness of these
                 technologies in remediating chlorinated solvents
                 within source zones under a wide range of site
                 conditions

                 Includes case studies and examples of actual field
                 applications of in situ thermal treatment to
                 chlorinated solvent remediation, including data on
                 cost and performance
 In Situ Thermal Treatment
 of Chlorinated Solvents:
Funcbmentris and FxW Appfcafiw
Ordering Information

A PDF version of this report is
available at EPA's Hazardous Waste
Cleanup Information (CLU-IN) web
site at http:llufjvw.cluin.org. This site
also includes a searchable database
of thermal treatment project profiles
accessible at
http:/ / nraw.cluin.org/products/ thermal.

Questions and Comments
Send your questions and comments
to Jim Cummings of EPA's Office
of Superfund Remediation and
Technology Innovation, by e-mail at
cumm2ngs.james@epa.gov or phone at
(703) 603-7197.
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