United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Pollution Prevention
and Toxics
(7409)
EPA742-F-97-002
November 1997
http://www.epa.gov/opptintr/epp
Issue 2
ENVIRONMENTALLY PREFERABLE PURCHASING
— Highlights —
Bees Software
DOD's "Green"
Parking Lots
Recent EPP
Publications
New EPP Publications
Coming Soon
NACo's
Environmentally
Preferable Purchasing
Project
Cleaning Products
Pilot Project Update
Green Purchasing
Symposium Is a Success
o
Iver 450 people participated in
the two-day "Greening Federal
Purchasing" symposium held in
Baltimore, Maryland, on July 16 and 17.
The symposium was sponsored by the
EPP Program and the Office of the Federal
Environmental Executive, and coordinated
by the U.S. Conference of Mayors. The
meeting provided an excellent opportunity
for vendors, manufacturers, government
procurement officials, and EPP Program
staff to discuss ways to increase environ-
mentally preferable purchasing practices
throughout the government.
Fidel Reijerse, a conference participant
from Ontario, Canada, reported that the
< Continued on Page 3 >
The Greening of the FAR
For the first time, the federal gov-
ernment's $200 billion-a-year
purchasing power will focus on
the environment in a uniform, compre-
hensive way. Environmental considera-
tions are now officially part of the
Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR),
the federal procurement "bible." On
August 22, 1997, after years of work
and deliberation, final changes to the
FAR were published in the Federal
Register. The final rule incorporates
policies for the acquisition of environ-
mentally preferable and energy-efficient
products and services. These changes
were effective as of October 21, 1997,
for new federal contracts.
The FAR provides the basic contracting
guidance and implementing regulations
used by federal agencies for buying prod-
ucts and services from the private sector.
Policies addressing environmental con-
cerns are addressed under Subchapter D,
Socioeconomic Programs, Part 23,
Environment, Conservation, Occupational
Safety, and Drug-Free Workplace.
The FAR changes consolidate numer-
ous environmental purchasing require-
ments previously issued in laws,
< Continued on Page 2 >
Printed on paper that contains at least 20 percent postconsumer fiber.
-------
FAR Revisions
•; " v
The changeVto the
FAR consolidate the
following.federal envi,-*
ronmental purchasing
requirements:
• Resource
Conservation and
Recovery Act (RCRA),
as amended.
• Executive Order
12873 on Federal
Acquisition,
Recycling, and
Waste Prevention.
• Executive Order
12902 on Energy
Efficiency and
Water Conservation
at Federal Facilities.
• Office of Federal
Procurement Policy
(OFPP) Policy Letter
92-4 on
Procurement of
Environmentally-
Sound and Energy-
Efficient Products
and Services.
For additional information, consult
the August 22, 1997 Federal Register
(volume 62, number 163, pages
44809-44813). The Federal Register
is available online
http://www.access.gpo.gav/su_docs/
aces/acesl40.html.
If additional clarification is neces-
sary contact Ralph De Stefano with the
General Services Administration at
202 501-1758 and cite FAC 97-01,
FAR case 92-054A.
- < FAR - Continued from Page 1 >
executive orders, and policy directives.
.* (-See "FAR Revisions" sidebar.) Federal
• ^purchasing officials now have a single
• ^Veference that describes their responsibil-
ities, for including the environment in
. their, purchasing decisions.
Many of the FAR revisions address the
° buy-recycled requirements of the
Resource Conservation and Recovery
Act, Section 6002 and Executive Order
12873. Since 1984, federal agencies
have been required to buy recycled con-
tent products designated by EPA. These
buy-recycled requirements are now
spelled out in greater detail, incorporat-
ing language from EPA's Comprehensive
Procurement Guideline.
The FAR changes, however, go well
beyond recycled content requirements
by institutionalizing environmental pur-
chasing considerations throughout the
procurement and contracting process.
For example, agencies are now required
to "...prepare product descriptions to
achieve maximum practicable use of
recovered materials, other materials that
are environmentally preferable, and
products that are energy-efficient."
Agencies also are required to "consider
environmental objectives in every source
selection, when appropriate." The FAR
states that "these considerations may be
expressed in terms such as resource or
energy conservation, pollution prevention,
waste minimization, and recovered mater-
ial content."
Key environnteu'tal terms
for use in federal contracts". '
also have been added-to tjie.
FAR. "Postconsumejfnatai--
al," "virginmaterial'' 'Brecon'-,"
ditioned," "remanufacturecij1. •
"pollution preventictn,* ahd
even the word "new"°are
defined for use in contracts
lor goods and services sup-
plied to the government. •
Excerpt From the
New FAR Text
FAR policy now explicitly directs
agencies to establish a preference
for environmentally preferable prod-
ucts, as shown in the section
reprinted below:
• .'
Part 23.704 Policy
• .
(a) Agencies shall implement cos.f- •
effective contracting preference*prq-
grams favoring the acquisition Of • "• ,
environmentally preferable and
energy-efficient produc£s'-arid>"$Qr-; "^
vices, and shall employ-acquisition
strategies that affirmatively imple-'"
ment the objectives in paragraph
(b) of this section.
(b) The following environmental
objectives shall be addressed
throughout the acquisition process:
(1) Obtaining products and services
considered to be environmentally
preferable (based on EPA-issued
guidance).
(2) Obtaining products considered
to be energy-efficient; i.e., products
that are in the upper 25 percent of
energy-efficiency for all similar prod-
ucts, or products that are at least
10 percent more efficient than the
minimum level that meets federal
standards (see Executive Order
12902, Section 507).
(3) Eliminating or reducing the gen-
eratiqp of hazardous waste and the
netdfor special material processing
(including special handling, storage,
treatment, and disposal).
,(4) Promoting the use of nonhaz-
• ardous and recovered materials.
•
(5) Realizing life-cycle cost savings.
"«.'-••
(6) Promoting cost-effective waste
reduction when creating plans,
drawings, specifications, standards,
and other product descriptions
authorizing material substitutions,
extensions of shelf-life, and process
improvements.
-------
< Green Purchasing - Continued from Page 1 >
conference was "very informative and
extremely well set-up for networking
and information exchange." He
described it as "a very enjoyable experi-
ence, despite the nine hour drive."
The conference included 18 sessions
divided into six areas of interest:
Business Opportunities for
Environmental Entrepreneurs, Laws
and Regulations, Green Purchasing in
Practice, EPP Tools and Resources,
Partnerships, and Green Buildings. The
session formats varied from lectures,
question and answer panels, audience
dialogues, and facilitated discussions.
The symposium also provided a valu-
able opportunity for manufacturers and
vendors to talk directly with federal
procurement officials. Procurement offi-
cials heard about the challenges facing
small and medium sized companies as
they attempt to market products with
environmental attributes to the federal
government. The manufacturers and
vendors learned about some of the con-
straints facing federal buyers and cre-
ative ways in which other's have
navigated the complex federal procure-
ment environment.
"I was impressed by the fact that I
was encouraged to stand up and tell
the 450 people who attended what
frustrated me about my dealings with
the government on my [government]
contract," explained Greg Barber, a
conference participant.
"This was a no holds
barred 'group therapy' for both the
vendors and the government. With this
type of attitude, it's obvious to me that
progress is imminent."
Fran McPoland, the Federal
Environmental Executive, promised to
use her position and the information
she gathered at the conference to fur-
ther advance environmentally prefer-
able purchasing throughout the federal
government. She described the sympo-
sium as "an integral building
block in our efforts to promote
the increase and maintenance of
markets for environmentally
preferable commercial products in
the federal government."
John Shoaff, an EPP Program
staff member and one of the
conference organizers, was "pleas-
antly surprised at the level of par-
ticipation and the diversity of
what is already going on: we saw
lots of activities in the private sec-
tor and in government that show
how many people are thinking about
these issues and considering multiple
environmental attributes in purchasing
decisions. Tills speaks well for the
future success of EPP."
The symposium minutes, attendee
list, and networking notes are available
from the EPP Program's web page at
http://vmw.epa.gav/opptintr/epp. •
"Very informative
and extremely well
set-up for
networking and
information
exchange."
The EPP Program
unveiled its new booth
at the "Greening
Federal Purchasing"
symposium in
Baltimore, Maryland. It
is used to promote
environmentally prefer-
able purchasing and to
distribute EPP publica-
tions. The booth has
been seen recently at
P2 Week festivities in
Washington, DC, and
at the National
Recycling Coalition's
conference in Orlando,
Florida. Look for it at
upcoming conferences
in your area.
-------
BEES Software
The BEES software
presents users with
overall performance
scores for the prod-
ucts being compared
based on weights set
by users for each
product's economic
and environmental
performance data.
Individuals using the
BEES software can
select the relative
importance for each
of the six environ-
mental impact cate-
gories included in the
software: global
warming, acidifica-
tion, nitrification,
natural resource
depletion, indoor air
quality, and solid
waste. The software
also allows the user
to select the relative
weights of the envi-
ronmental and eco-
nomic performance
scores when comput-
ing the overall perfor-
mance score for each
product.
With support from the EPP
Program, the National
Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST), has completed a
milestone in the development of its
Building for Environmental and
Economic Sustainability (BEES) soft-
ware. The "Beta" version of the software
was circulated for testing to more than
100 people this past summer. It is
designed to help users balance environ-
mental and economic concerns when
designing and constructing new build-
ings.
-
NIST's Building Environment
Division began the project in 1995 after
recognizing that building materials,
construction, and operation, including
raw materials extraction, building mate-
rial manufacture and transport, build-
ing use, and building-related waste
generation, can significantly impact the
environment. NIST decided to develop
a tool that would help mitigate negative
environmental impacts by identifying
building materials that properly balance
both environmental and cost concerns.
The result is the BEES decision-support
software, which incorporates a life-cycle
approach that considers the economic
and environmental impacts of numer-
ous building materials.
Economic performance is measured
using a standard life-cycle costing
approach and is based on published
economic data. Environmental perfor-
mance, which is more difficult to quan-
tify, is computed using an evolving,
multi-disciplinary approach called envi-
ronmental life-cycle assessment (LCA).
LCA is a popular tool because it
attempts to quantify environmental
impacts throughout a product's life-
cycle across all environmental media
(air, land, and water).
For additional
information,
contact Barbara
Lippiatt with NIST
at 301 975-6133 or via
e-mail at
blippiatt@nist.gov.
The BEES software generates relative
environmental scores for building prod-
uct alternatives with a ranking system
based on U.S. average product data that
was compiled for use in the software.
The economic and environmental per-
formance scores are then combined into
an overall performance measure. •
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DOD's "Green" Parking Lots
The U.S.Department of Defense
(DOD) maintains some of the
world's largest buildings and
facilities. It also maintains some of the
largest surface parking lots. With help
from the EPP Program, DOD is now
using products with enhanced environ-
mental attributes to repair and maintain
those parking lots.
In June, DOD awarded a 5-year, $1
million per year contract to maintain
and repair the parking lots and access
roads at four Washington, DC, area
facilities, including the Pentagon's 67
acres of parking. The contract includes
several unique features to ensure that
the work not only meets all price and
quality concerns, but also incorporates
the use of products with multiple envi-
ronmental attributes whenever feasible.
As one of the first EPP pilot projects,
DOD teamed with EPA to help develop
its strategy for incorporating environ-
mental preferability into its contracting
process. EPA recently released Paving
tine Road to Success,, a case study that
explains how DOD incorporated the
seven guiding principles outlined in
EPA's Guidance on Acquisition oj
Environmentally Preferable Products and
Services in the parking lot repair and
maintenance contract.
The most innovative aspect of the con-
tract provides the contractor with a
financial incentive to use products with
the greatest number of beneficial envi-
ronmental attributes. Contractors can
earn a two percent price differen-
tial for each environmental
attribute. The attributes eligible
for the price differential are
identified in the contract,
although the contractor
can suggest additional
attributes for any product
required under the contract. The
contractor can also suggest changes in
construction practices that improve envi-
ronmental performance. If DOD
approves the changes, the contractor can
receive a price differential for using
them.
In less than a month after beginning
work, D-M&S Inc., the Woodstock,
Maryland, contractor awarded the con-
tract, had already identified several
products and a new process, all of
which appear to significantly improve
environmental quality while continuing
to meet or exceed DOD's mandatory
performance criteria. Gene Asher, D-
M&S's President, is very pleased with
the process for incorporating new envi-
ronmental attributes and is excited at
the opportunity to earn a price differen-
tial for doing so.
"We are really excited about the pro-
ject," Asher explained. "Incorporating
environmentally friendly products is the
wave of the future and should help our
future business."
Call EPA's Pollution Prevention
Information Clearinghouse at 202 260-
1023 or e-mail ppic@epamail.epa.gov
to order a copy of Paving the Road to
Success (EPA 742-R-97-007). For addi-
tional information, contact Ruth
Heikkinen with EPA's EPP Program at
202 260-1803 or via e-mail at heikki-
nen.ruth@epamail.epa.gov or contact
Bob Cox with DOD at 703 693-3765 or
RCox@ccmail.gov.ref.osd.mil. •
Did you know
the federal
government
purchases more
than $200
billion worth of
goods and
services each
year?
-------
Recent EPP Publications
EPA recently published a new EPP
case study and two brochures
that provide valuable information
for vendors interested in marketing
environmental products.
Paving the Road to Success—The
Department of Defense's Parking Lot
Repair and Maintenance Contract An
Environmentally Preferable Purchasing
Case Study (EPA 742-R-97-007)
describes the Department of Defense's
(DOD) efforts to incorporate environ-
mental purchasing into a 5-year, $1
million per year contract to repair the
Pentagon's parking lots. For additional
information, see the article on page 9.
Selling Environmental Products to (he
Federal Government (EPA-742-K-9 7-002)
helps companies—especially small to
medium sized companies—better target
the federal consumer, the largest pur-
chaser of goods and services in the
United States. This fold out poster
brochure includes an outline of the
guiding principals of the EPP Program,
answers to frequently asked questions
about selling environmental products to
the federal government, and helpful
hints on simplifying procedures for
marketing and selling to the federal
government. The poster also includes
an extensive reference section that lists
additional literature, contact names,
and phone numbers, as well as market-
ing information on the government's
largest purchasers.
Environmental Marketing Claims: A
Message to Vendors from the EPA and the
Federal Trade Commission (FTC) (EPA-
744-F-97-005) discusses problems and
solutions regarding environmental
product claims made by manufacturers.
This tri-fold brochure offers suggestions
on how to avoid vague, misleading
claims and how to present consumers
with clear, accurate product informa-
tion. The FTC's Guides for the Use of
Environmental Marketing Claims are
summarized in the brochure, along
with a discussion on the content, pur-
pose, and enforcement of the guide-
lines. Also included are examples from
the FTC guidelines and how the guide-
lines can affect government purchasing. •
To order free copies of these publications, call EPA's Pollution Prevention
Information Clearinghouse at 202 260-1023 or E-mail ppic@epamail,epa.gov.
EPA's Environmentally Preferable Guidance
EPA identified seven guiding principles to help federal agencies incorporate environmental prefer-
ability into their procurement practices. These principles were proposed in the Federal Register
(FR) in EPA's Guidance on Acquisition of Environmentally Preferable Products and Services (60 FR
50722):
1) Consideration of environmental preferability should begin early in the acquisition process and
be rooted in the ethic of pollution prevention, which strives to eliminate or reduce, up front,
potential risks to human health and the environment.
2) A product or service's environmental preferability is a function of multiple attributes.
-------
New EPP Publications Coming Soon
The EPP Program is in the process
of documenting ongoing envi-
ronmentally preferable purchas-
ing efforts among local, state, and
federal governments. The following
case studies will be available in early
1998:
Local Government Case Study:
City of Santa Monica
Learn how Santa Monica, California,
made its environmentally preferable
purchasing goals a reality. The city is
purchasing a wide-range of products
with environmentally preferable attrib-
utes including cleaning products, alter-
native-fuel vehicles, re-refined motor
oil, less-toxic antifreeze, recycled paint,
and a large variety of recycled paper
and office supplies. Santa Monica has
also adopted an Integrated Pest
Management approach in city facilities
to replace regular spraying of indoor
pesticides.
State Government Case Study:
Commonwealth of Massachusetts
Find out how the Commonwealth of
Massachusetts increased its environmen-
tally preferable purchasing efforts from
$2 million to $21 million a year. An
upcoming case study documents the his-
tory of Massachusetts' environmentally
preferable purchasing efforts, overviews
the Commonwealth's program, and
describes how Massachusetts evaluates
the environmental attributes of the prod-
ucts it buys.
Federal Government Case Study:
EPA's Construction Program
EPA is building a new headquarters
facility in Washington, DC, and a new
research laboratory and office complex
in Research Triangle Park, North
Carolina, that together will house over
8,000 EPA employees. A forthcoming
case study documents how EPA's envi-
ronmentally
preferable pur-
chasing practices
are ensuring that
both facilities pro-
tect indoor air
quality, maximize
Additional Information
energy efficiency,
reduce water con-
sumption, incor-
porate the use of
environmentally
preferable building
materials, encourage alternative forms
of transportation, and promote pollu-
tion prevention during the construction
process. •
For additional information on these
and other EPP case studies, check the
EPP web page regularly
http://www.epa.gov/opptintr/epp.
If you would like to suggest or partici-
pate in a case study, please fill out the
form on the back of this newsletter.
3) Environmental preferability should reflect the life-cycle considerations of products and services
to the extent feasible.
4) Environmental preferability should consider the scale (global versus local) and temporal
reversibility aspects of a product or service's impact.
5) Environmental preferability should be tailored to local conditions where appropriate.
6) Environmental objectives of products or services should be a factor or subfactor in competition
among vendors, when appropriate.
7) Agencies need to examine product attribute claims carefully. •
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NACo's Environmentally Preferable
Purchasing Project
The National Association of Counties
(NACo), which represents all 3,000
U.S. county governments, is pro-
moting environmentally preferable pur-
chasing throughout the United States. As
part of this activity, NACo is currently
recruiting counties and other local govern-
ments to participate in a series of EPP
demonstration projects.
Counties participating in the demonstra-
tion project will be asked to initiate or
expand their environmentally preferable
purchasing efforts in one or more of eight
different departments or product cate-
gories: automobile and heavy equipment;
cleaners; pesticides and lawn chemicals;
office supplies; paints; construction and
demolition; buildings design and energy
efficiency; and printing.
NACo will share ongoing results
throughout the duration of the pilot pro-
grams with anyone who is interested. In
addition, an advisory committee of local
elected officials, environmental staff
members, and procurement officials will
promote environmentally preferable pur-
chasing to NACo members.
The Association is also developing a
"starter kit" to encourage counties
nationwide to adopt environmentally
preferable purchasing practices. The kit
will include a variety of documents and
fact sheets to assist in local governments'
involvement, including: a sample policy
resolution; case studies highlighting suc-
cessful efforts in urban, suburban and
rural jurisdictions; recommendations for
selecting a procurement area on which to
focus; suggestions for selecting environ-
mentally preferable goods; and a list of
resources and contacts.
NACo's environmentally preferable pur-
chasing initiative is just one of several
NACo environmental programs. NACo
also assists counties and local govern-
ments with radon and indoor air pollu-
tants, coastal watershed management,
and pollution prevention initiatives. For
more information about NACo's environ-
mentally preferable purchasing initiative
or other pollution prevention activities,
contact Naomi Friedman with NACo at
202 942-4262 or via e-mail at nfried-
ma@naco.org, or Tony Hayes at 202
942-4247 or thayes@naco.org. n
A
Green Uncle Sam
I represent good ol' Uncle Sam,
Uncle Sam I am.
We've decided to buy what's clean.
Our President told us we must be more green.
With the world's largest pocket book,
We must give products a second look!
A sacrifice in performance?, not necessarily,
Products can be greened ordinarily!
8
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Cleaning Products Pilot Project Update
The Cleaning Products Pilot
Project was the first. EPP pilot
project. It began in February
1993 as a cooperative effort between
the U.S. General Services
Administration (GSA) and EPA to estab-
lish a framework for comparing the
environmental preferability of commer-
cial cleaning products. As a part of that
effort the GSA and EPA team developed
an environmental attribute matrix that
allows purchasers to select products
that minimize local environmental
impacts. The team's decision-making
process and the original matrix were
described in the February 1997
Cleaning Products Pilot Project (EPA742-
R-97-002) case study and the Cleaning
Products Pilot Project
Fact Sheet (EPA742-F-
97-001).
\
Since that time,
the member's of
the pilot pro-
ject have con-
tinued to
promote their
findings.
Recent and
forthcoming activ-
ities include:
• Revised Cleaning Products Pilot
Project Fact Sheet (EPA742-F-97-001)
The fact sheet was reprinted in June
1997 to correct and update some of
the environmental attribute informa-
tion included in the February ver-
sion.
• Training Video
EPA and the U.S. Postal Service
(USPS) are finalizing a video entitled
"Purchasing Environmentally
Preferable Products." The video is
introduced by Fran McPoland, the
Federal Environmental Executive,
and portrays Postal Service employ-
ees using the cleaning products
matrix to select products for their
custodial staff. After its release, the
video will become part of the nation-
al USPS technical training program.
• Interactive Internet Tool
The cleaning products matrix is being
adapted as an interactive Internet site.
In addition to including information
on the pilot project, the web site will
assist purchasers in selecting cleaning
products based on their environmen-
tal attributes. The site will be available
at: htlp'J/www.epa.gav/opptiiitr/epp.m
Put your
purchasing
power to good
use. Select
products with
positive
environmental
attributes.
But how on earth can I tell what a Lorax might prefer?
To whom for such a decision can I defer?
GSA and DLA offer supply catalogs to assist,
EPA and others will help add to the list.
Demand is stimulating all sorts of new information,
Government suppliers respond with green formulations.
Be it by GSA Advantage or my IMPAC card,
Environmental performance is not to be barred!
Resist the temptation of being a Grinch,
Buying green can be a cinch!
Heed Uncle Sam's new found cry,
Let's put our money where our mouth is when we buy!
We all represent Uncle Sam,
We can green him yes we can!
I like Green Uncle Sam,
Green Uncle Sam I am.
With sincere apologies to Dr. Seuss. This poem was presented
by Jim Aidala, EPA's Environmental Executive and Associate
Assistant Administrator of the Office of Prevention, Pesticides,
and Toxic Substances at the July 1997 EPP Symposium in
Baltimore.
-------
EPP Pioneers
Environment
Price
Performance
EPP
The EPP Program is getting ready to
launch its new pilot initiative:
"Pioneers in EPP." The Pioneers ini-
tiative \vill work to identify federal pur-
chasers who are interested in being the
"first out" in the consideration of multiple
environmental attributes in their day-to-
day purchasing decisions. Established to
collect information on the most effective
and. easiest ways for all federal agencies to
conduct environmentally preferable pur-
chasing, the pilots represent an important
step towards broadscale implementation
of the EPP Program.
The Pioneers initiative originated from
EPA's proposed Guidance on the
Acquisition of Environmentally Preferable
Products and Services, which requests
Executive agencies to select vol-
untary pilot acquisitions or
demonstration pro-
jects to test out
the con-
cepts contained in the seven guiding prin-
ciples. Hence, the mission of Pioneers in
EPP is to both evaluate and implement the
seven guiding principles as well as to
advance the goals of the greater EPP effort.
Through the end of 1997 and into 1998,
EPA will be seeking pilot projects that rep-
resent different product and service cate-
gories so that tried and true approaches to
environmentally preferable purchasing can
be documented and translated into tools
for federal purchasers to integrate into
their purchasing activities. Three Pioneers
are currently at work with EPA, represent-
ing cleaning products, latex paints, and
parking lot renovations. New Pioneers will
join the initiative by way of a customized
Memorandum of Understanding that will
define the parameters of each mutually
beneficial project.
If you are interested in becoming a
Pioneer in EPP or know of a federal col-
league who is, contact Eun-Sook Goidel
at goidel.eunsook@epamail.epa.gov or
Ruth Heikkinen at heikkinen.ruth@epa-
mail.epa.gov, or fill out the form on
the right. •
-------
Tell Us About Your Environmentally
Preferable Purchasing Efforts
Name:
Agency:
Position:
Phone: _
E-mail:
Current Efforts:
Please describe any current environmental purchasing initiatives within your agency that go
beyond recycled content. Be sure to include the scope of the initiative and identify the
product categories involved.
Has anyone documented these efforts in a case study? U Yes U No
Future Efforts:
Please describe opportunities to initiate or expand environmentally preferable purchasing
within your agency.
Would you like EPA's assistance with this effort? Q Yes U No
Please mail, fax, or e-mail your responses to:
Danielle Bartoni
Environmentally Preferable Purchasing Program
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
401 M Street, SW. (7409)
Washington, DC 20460
Phone: 202 260-3553
Fax: 202 260-0178
E-mail: bartoni.danielle@epamail.epa.gov
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