&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Pollution
Prevention and Toxics
(7408)
EPA 745.K-95-001
September 1995
EPA's 33/50 Program
Sixth Progress Update
Continuing Progress Toward
Ultimate Reduction Goal
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33/50 Program
Sixth Progress Update
Continuing Progress Toward Ultimate
Reduction Goal
INTRODUCTION
The 33/50 Program, an EPA voluntary pollution
prevention initiative, derives its name from its
overall goals—an interim goal of a 33% reduc-
tion in 1992 and an ultimate goal of a 50%
reduction in 1995 in releases and transfers of 17
high-priority toxic chemicals (see Box 1), using
1988 TRI reporting as a baseline. During 1988,
1.49 billion pounds of the target chemicals were
either released to the environment on-site or
transferred off-site to waste management facili-
ties. The aim of the 33/50 Program is to reduce
this amount by at least 50%—744 million
pounds—by 1995, with an interim reduction
target of more than 491 million pounds by 1992.
The 33/50 Program represents an innovative
experiment aimed at demonstrating whether
voluntary programs can augment the Agency's
traditional command-and-control approach by
achieving targeted reductions more quickly than
regulations alone. The Program is part of a
broad group of EPA activities designed to ,
encourage pollution prevention as the best
means of achieving reductions in toxic chemical
releases and transfers. More than 19,000 TRI
facilities have reported 33/50 Program
chemicals to TRI since 1988. By contacting the
chief executives of the parent companies of TRI
facilities that report 33/50 Program chemicals,
the Program seeks to instill a pollution
prevention ethic throughout the highest echelons
of American businesses.
At the time the 33/50 Program was formulated,
1988 was the most recent year for which TRI
data were available, and the Program's baseline
and goals were set accordingly. Reductions that
companies achieved between 1988 and 1990
therefore contribute to the 33/50 Program's
national reduction goals. However, these prior
reductions should not be viewed as resulting
from the; 33/50 Program, as companies were
first informed about the Program in February,
1991.
Many slates, a number of industry associations,
and numerous individual companies include
33/50 Program chemicals within the scope of
their own environmental initiatives. Twenty-six
states had established toxics use reduction and
pollution prevention programs prior to
establishment of the 33/50 Program, and these
contributed to its design. Others have used the
33/50 Program as a model. EPA views the
33/50 Program as an umbrella under which the
federal government, states, industry, and
communities work in partnership to achieve
common goals.. Any progress in reducing
releases and transfers of 33/50 Program
chemicals reflects the efforts of all these
; «;
partners.
Analyses of 33/50 Program progress consider
only those data elements facilities were required
to report in 1988: environmental releases and
transfers off-site for treatment and disposal
(including transfers to POTWs and transfers
with missing or invalid transfer codes).
-------
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Report
17 Priority Chemicals
Targeted by the 33/50 Program
Benzene
Cadmium and compounds
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Chromium and compounds
Cyanide compounds
Dichloromethane
Lead and compounds
•Mercury and compounds
Methyl ethyl ketone •
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Nickel and compounds
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Box 1. 33/50 Program Chemicals.
" „ '"I",,, ...... "Mr 1 ....... h'liilrt ;' ,' 1,1,^
' ....... ,|n "i, ,,/ <:'' ..... ;il''!i i «' '','"' ; •
Transfers off-site for energy recovery and for
re'c|Siing are not included hi 33/50 Program
is;!; .goals. ' ' •
'!' II If. '..,!„
ijimi, '"in i ii mi i ii« •
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
Findings revealed in the 1993 TRI reporting
data are summarized below. The data them-
selves are presented hi subsequent sections.
33/50 Program Chemicals
Continue iTVejdJbward Early
Achievement of 1995 Reduction Goal'''
• Releases and transfers of 33/50 Program
fihenucais were reduced by 100 million
'founds (11%) between 1992 and 1993,
bringing total reductions since 1988 to 46%
(685 miiiion pounds), just shy of the
'Brpgram's 1995 50%' reduction goal (see
'Figure 1). ' "'' '" '". "
• Facilities are projecting continued
reductions in their releases and transfers of
33/50 Program chemicals in 1994 and 1995,
suggesting that the Program's ultimate
reduction goal of 744 million pounds may
be achieved a year ahead of schedule.
• Facilities owned by companies participating
in the 33/50 Program reported the highest
reduction levels and accounted for most of
the pounds of 33/50 Program chemical
reductions.
• Between 1992 and 1993, facilities owned by
Program participants reduced releases and
transfers of the 17 Program chemicals by
20%. The rate of reduction achieved by
facilities owned by non-participating
companies was just 0.6%.
• Participatihg ebmpanies accounted for 98%
of the reduction in 33/50 Program chemical
releases and transfers in the last year. Since
1988, facilities owned by participating
companies have cut releases and transfers of
33/50 Program chemicals 57%.
Total 33/50 Program Chemical
Production-Related
Waste Projected to Decline
» Total production-related waste associated
with 33/50 Program chemicals increased
slightly (2.9%) between 1992 and 1993, but
is projected to decline by nearly 6% in 1994,
while facilities expect other TRI chemical
waste to continue increasing (see Figure 2).
• Facilities owned by 33/50 Program
participating companies reported a slight
decrease in production-related waste (0.5%)
while facilities owned by non-participating
parent companies reported an 8% increase.
-------
33/SO Program: Sixth Progress Report
Millions of Pounds
1.750
1,500-
1,250-
1,000
750-
500
250
1988
T992 Goal:
997 Million
Pounds
1995 Goal:
744 Million
Pounds
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
Figure 1. TRI Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, 1988-1993.Q
• Participating companies' facilities project a
15% decrease in production-related waste of
33/50 chemicals by 1995, compared to a 7%
increase projected by non-participants.
Source Reduction Activity Highlights
« 33/50 Program chemicals again in 1993
evidenced higher rates (percentages of Form
Rs) and levels (total number of Form Rs) of
source reduction activity reporting than
other TRI chemicals. Nearly a third of the
Form Rs submitted for 33/50 Program
chemicals reported the occurrence of a
source reduction activity in 1993, compared
to a fifth of the forms for other TRI '
chemicals. The 7,639 source reduction
activity reports for the 17 target chemicals
represented nearly 40% of the total for all
chemicals.
Individual 33/50 Program chemicals had
some of the highest rates of source reduction
activity reporting in 1993. The top three
TRI chemicals for number of forms
reporting source, reduction activities in 1993
were 33/50 Program targets, and several
others are among the top 30. •
The amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1993 have not been included in these totals.
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Ill I
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Report
Percant
1991-1992 1992-1993 1993-1994 1994-1995
(Projected) (Projected)
D33/SO Chemicals
• Other TRI Chemicals
Releases and transfers reported by facilities
belonging to these companies represent 63% of
the 1988 releases and transfers of 33/50
Program chemicals. Participants have pledged
to reduce voluntarily 368 million pounds of
pollution (see Figure 3).
The "Top 600" companies with the greatest
amounts of releases and transfers were the first
to be contacted and have been the focus of
greater outreach follow-up from the Program's
headquarters and Regional Office staffs. This
concentration oh larger companies has proven
quite effective, with more than 60% of these
companies electing to participate. However,
less than 13% of the nearly 7,500 smaller
companies contacted by EPA since 1991 have
chosen to enroll.
Figure 2. Percent Change in total Production
/ ; :;:;:;;: :r .", :;: Related Wastes, 33/50 Chemicals vs.
Other TRl Chemicals, 1991-1995.0
COMPANY PARTICIPATION
IN THE 33/50 PROGRAM
While the. 33/50 Program does not have a fixed
goal for the number of companies electing to
participate, the Program nonetheless has placed
considerable:~ emphasis on outreach to
coiripafiies in an effort to promote a pollution
prevention ethic as widely as possible.
Numbers of Companies Participating
\ • .
Initial communications about the 33/50 Program
have been directed to the chief executive
of fleers of the parent companies of the more
than 18,600 industrial facilities that have
reported to TRlany of the Program's 17 target
chemicals from 1988 to 1991. At the close of
the Program's fourth year in February 1995,
almost 8,000 companies had been contacted by
EPA with invitations to participate. Of these,
1,272 companies have elected to enroll.
@ 1991 as reported on the 1992 Form ft for the previous year.
The 33/50 Program continues to accept new
company participants, although efforts to
actively solicit participation ended hi 1994.
While the Program's national goals are targeted
for achievement by the end of 1995, companies
are encouraged to set their own reduction goals
oriented to their own time frames. Program
participants have also targeted reductions for
after 1995, for other chemicals besides the
Program's 17 target chemicals, and for facilities
outside of the United States. Altogether, 33% of
participating parent companies have made at
least one of these types of extended pledges.
The 33/50 Program seeks to instill among its
participants a commitment to continuous
environmental improvement, not to confine
company initiatives wi'tnin the boundaries of the
Program's national goals.
,,[•,, , . .
Reductions Pledged by
Participating Companies
Nearly 1,000 (78%) of the 1,272 participating
companies have provided release/transfer
reduction targets for the 33/50 Program totalling
-7'Kii I/*'1
-------
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Bepprf
Participants
Number of Companies
Pledged Reductions
Millions of Pounds
1,400
1.200-
1.000
1.400
- 1.200
1,000
200
400
200
July Feb. Mar. Mar. Feb. July Feb. Mar. Mari Feb.
•91 -92 93 94 -95 -91 -92 93 94 95
Figure 3. 33/50 Program Participant Status, February 1995.
368 million pounds. Those companies using a
baseline of 1988 accounted for 53% of the
releases and transfers reported by all Program
participants in that year, and their reduction
commitment represents slightly less than 50%
per company.
Many of the remaining Program participants
have also developed reduction targets, but have
structured them in ways that are difficult to
assess against the 1988 release/transfer baseline.
For example, some companies have reduction
goals that are indexed to changes in production.
If production remains constant throughout the
duration of the Program, these can be read as
direct reductions targets. However, where
production increases or decreases, the absolute
impact of the company's reduction pledge can
not be determined in advance. Accordingly,
EPA has not factored these commitments into
its assessment of total release/transfer
reductions anticipated to be obtained through
the 33/50 Program.
Other Program participants have developed
reduction goals that go beyond the goals of the
33/50 Program. Some have pledged to reduce
all TRI releases and transfers by specified
amounts or percentages, but have not indicated
specific targets for 33/50 Program chemicals.
Others have gone beyond targeting end-of-pipe
releases or transfers by attempting to reduce
their actual use of toxic chemicals, but have not
stipulated the impact such pollution prevention
initiatives will have on environmental releases
of 33/50 Program chemicals. As a result, the
368 million pounds of release/transfer
-------
nilni null ii inif
II II I • IK
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Report
reductions represent a lower bo.und on the 1992 and 1993 brings total 33/50 Program
reductionsfthiat companies are attempting under reductions since1988 to 686 million pounds
; the 33/50 Program. (46%), just shy of the Program's 1995 ultimate
50% reduction goal of 744 million pounds.
Actual Reductions Out-Pacing Pledges
~; Facilities are projecting continued reductions in
As evidenced in the TRI reporting data, actual 33/50 Program emissions in 1994 and 1995.
reductions being achieved by companies for the While facilities do not provide projections of the
Program's 17 target chemicals are exceeding releases and transfers they report in Sections 5
.significantly EPA's conservative interpretatiori and 6 of Form R, which are used to measure
* of companies' reduction pledges. The 685 ' 33/50 Program progress, projections are
miiUon pounds of 33/50 Program chemical reported for the quantities of TRI chemicals
releases and transfers reduced between 1988 and managed in waste in Section 8 of Form R. (See
*199§ is nearly twice" the 368 million pounds the following section, 33/50 Program Chemicals
pledged by partFcipating companies to be in Waste, for a complete description of Section
reduced by 1995. 8 reporting requirements.) Adding Section 8
projections for releases (which include off-site
Some of, these additional reductions result from transfers to disposal) to Section 8 projections for
decreases being achieved by companies that are quantities sent for off-site treatment provides a
. not participating in tiie 33/50 Program [about reasonable proxy for future facility reporting (in
151 million pounds (22%) through''1993]. Some Sections 5 and 6) of on--site releases and off-site
are due to the efforts of participating companies transfers to treatment and disposal. However,
whose reduction pledges could not be factored . these calculations do not provide an exact
intoTthe national...total. Significantly, however, match: Section 8 calculations using 1993 prior
companies that have made reduction pledges are year reporting for 1992 understate facilities'
achieving greater results than even they actual release/transfer reports for 1992 by 7.5%,
anticipated""" while for 1993, 'the Section."8 calculations
, ,. ,„ ",, , , ; , „,"„ ,,' overstate Section 5 and 6 reporting by 1.8%.
33/50 PROGRAM RELEASES ^ .,.. ' nTJ . '...'•'
....1=TRAKfQrfSR'Q : Facilities.project 33/50 Program chemicals-m-
AIMU IMANoreifO waste releases,and transfers to treatment to
Releases and transfers of 33/50 Program fecmieby 15.5% in 1994 a^d another 6.9% in
chemicalswerereducedbyll%inl993,a 1995. These projections offer strong
slightly greater reduction than observed in,1992 encouragement that the 33/50 Program si 995
(98%). As indicated in Figure 1, the 100 ultimate 50% reduction goal indeed wUl be
million pound reduction in releases and transfers «**"*• P61^8 even a vear ahead of
' * Hl .
of the Program's 17 target chemicals between
-------
33/50 Program Chemical
Reductions versus Reductions
for Other TR1 Chemicals
Table 1 presents facilities' reports of on-site
releases and off-site transfers to treatment and
disposal of 33/50 Program chemicals versus
reports for all other TRI chemicals for 1988 (the
33/50 Program's base year), 1990 (the year prior
to EPA's initiation of the Program), 1992, and
1993. In order to control for changes in the TRI
chemical list over time, year-to-year
comparisons for non-3"3/50 Program chemicals
(labelled'TRI Chemicals Less 33/50
Chemicals") are based on a consistent list of
chemicals that have been reported under TRI for
all years 1988-1993. The trends in reductions
for each grouping of chemicals are depicted hi
Figure 4.
Figure 5 highlights the dramatic change in the
reduction trends for 33/50 Program chemicals
versus other TRI chemicals that began in 1991,
the year that the 33/50 Program was initiated,
and continued in 1992, the Program's second
33/SO Program: Sixth Progress ReportWp£j§
year. In the two years prior to the Program's
announcement, reductions in releases and off-
site transfers of other TRI chemicals
significantly out-paced those for 33/50 Program
chemicals: 24.2% vs. 15.4%. However, in the
first two years after 33/50's voluntary reduction
goals were announced, releases and transfers of
its 17 target chemicals were reduced at nearly
three times the rate observed for all other TRI
chemicals: a 28.3% reduction between 1990 and
1992 for 33/50 Program chemicals versus a
10,3% reduction for the remaining TRI
chemicals.
Interestingly, non-33/50 Program chemical
release/transfer reductions caught up with and
slightly surpassed those achieved for the 17
Program chemicals in 1993. Other TRI
chemical releases and transfers dropped by
13.1% in 1993, compared to the 11% decline for
33/50 Program chemicals. This is the first time
since the 33/50 Program commenced that
reductions for non-Program chemicals exceeded
those observed for the Program's 17 target
chemicals. This change in the reduction pattern
Table 1. Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals Compared to Other TRI Chemicals, 1988,1990,
1992-1993.Q
1988
1990
1992
1993
1988-1990
1990-1993
1992-1993
1988-1993
All TRI Chemicals
(Excluding Additions/
Deletions)
Pounds
6,488,962,564
5,047,042,788
4,299,247,742
3,754,621,658
Percent Change
-22.22%
-25.61%
. -12.67%
-42.14%
TRI Chemicals
Less 33/50
Chemicals
Pounds
5,000,199,508
3,788,023,022
3,396,602,596
2,951,312,798
Percent Change
. -24.24%
-22.09%
-13.11%'
-40.98%
33/50
Chemicals
Only
Pounds
1,488,763,056 ,
1,259,019,766
902,645,146
803,308,860
; Percent Change
-15.43%
-36.20%, •
-11.01%
-46.04%
The amounts for recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1993 have not been included in these totals.
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I C"
33/30 Program: Sixth Progress Report
Millions of Pounds
7,000
6,000-
5,000-
4000-
3,000-
2000-
1,000-
All TRI Chemicals
(Excluding
Additions/Deletions)
TRI Chemicals Less
33/50 Chemicals
33/50 Program
Chemicals Only
Figure 4.
1993,0 . ,
The amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1993 have not been included in these totals.
" 'II I* ' ' '•! ''I*
8
-------
Percent Reduction
25.0
20.0
15.0
10.0
0.0
1991-
1992
1992-
1993
D 33/50 Chemicals
•Other TRI Chemicals
•Figure 5, Year-to-Year Reduction Comparisons:
Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program
Chemicals vs. Other TRI Chemicals,
1988-1993.0
occurred even though 33/50 Program chemical
release/transfer reductions were greater in 1993
than in 1992, and is explained in part by a
significant drop in underground injection of TRI
chemicals that occurred in 1993. Since
underground injection is utilized only
marginally for 33/50 Program chemicals (see
next section), these reductions had a
disproportionate impact on non-33/50 Program
chemicals.
In the 33/50 Program's first two years (1991 and
1992), reductions in the 17 Program chemicals
almost equalled those of the remaining 300-plus
TRI chemicals in actual pounds: the 356
million pounds of reductions for 33/50 Program
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Report ti^pm
chemicals is just 9.0% less than the 391' million
pound drop for non-Program chemicals. In
1993, however, absolute reductions for other
TRI chemicals (445 million pounds) were more
than four times greater than the 100 million
pound decline for the Program's 17 target
chemicals.
The "leaders-in-reductions" role being played by
33/50 Program participants is also reflected in
the reduction performance of the individual TRI
facilities that use the target chemicals. Five of
the top 10 facilities showing the greatest
reductions in direct environmental releases
between 1992 and 1993 (excluding underground
injection), and 15 of the top 20, report 33/50
Program chemicals and .are owned by
companies that are participating in the Program.
Of the top 50 reducing facilities, 38 report
Program chemicals and are owned by
participating parents.
33/50 Program Chemical
Releases and Transfers, by Medium/
Transfer Type and by Chemical
Releases and off-site transfers of 33/50 Program
chemicals are summarized by chemical and
release medium/transfer type for the period
1988 to 1993 in Table 2. (Box 2 explains the
presentation of 33/50 chemicals in these tables.)
The "Subtotal" column in the transfers portion
of the table represents those transfer types
(POTWs, treatment, disposal, and "other"
transfers) that are included in the 33/50 Program
goals. The "Total" column adds in transfers for
recycling and energy recovery, which have been
reportable to TRI since 1991 but are not
included in the 33/50 Program. Figure 6
presents a graphical representation of the total
releases and transfers for each chemical for
these years.
The amounts for recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1993 haves not been included in these totals.
-------
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Report
Table 2. TRI Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, 1988, f991-1993.
CAS
Number
71-43-2
56-23-5
67-66-3
75-09-2
78-93-3
108-ltf-l
127-18-4
108-88-3
71-55-6
79-01-6
Chemical
Benzene
Carbon
tetrschloride
Chloroform
Dichloro-
mcthanc
Methyl ethyl
Icetone
Methyl isobutyl
ketone
••
Tetrachloro-
ethylene
Toluene
1,1,1-Trichloro-
ethane
•
Trichloro-
ethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium
compounds
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91 •
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Forms
Number
469
474
486
481
74
90
102
96
175
180
183
170
1,065
1,131
1,293
1,668
2,418
2,481
2,570
2,518
1,006
1,027
1,041
1,009
474
512
573
743
3,569
3,770
3,928
3,979
2,073
3,178
3,699
3,891
772
675
723
946
3,562
3,650
3,790
3,630
177
186
217
206
•
Fugitive or •
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
. Pounds
6,712,433
7,790,380
9,764,018
20,468,541
585,481
418,493
528,622
1,084,552
4,488,694
6,023,765
7,729,012
7,618,276
24,478,364
27,620,595
32,183,219
49,531,437
29,044,598
31,662,901
35,753,846
41,644,628
• .7,777,025
7,899,705-
7,285,523 -
13,057,504
4,422,676
5,235,244
6,619,885
16,339,200
60,860,617
65,637,893
76,731,982
105,166,199
32,866,736
57,394,283
71,782,293
92,213,890
14,488,988
15,433,613
16,998,300
26,077,985
29,469,366
30,090,855
32,485,380
39,314,201
9,474
13,639
17,679
32,399
•
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
4,086,692
5,036,035
7,996,689
11,446,838
1,643,428
973,585
1,019,252
2,694,101
9,319,998
10,998,651
11,534,369
18,315,290
39,834,847
46,671,300
48,491,600
79,419,932
55,770,325
60,262,154
71,050,033
98,564,080
17,317,092
18,237,055
19,092,111
18,951,682
6,519,343
7,255,130
10,265,361
19,733,646
116,441,054
128,470,429
131,544,159
192,139,704
31,199,295
59,679,895
71,125,442
87,022,107
.15,625,125
14,744,627
18,694,402
29,715,662
89,772,020
89,471,015
97,752,568
129,388,109
52,660
55,432
54,320
'90,293
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
18,793
24,819
26,970
46,983
1,453
2,444
2,844
15,627
451,362
654,314
764,712
1,131,584
62,909
233,786
98,995
349,960
197,216
154,676
143,003
90,426
90,214
96,387
166,952
762,108
10,152
10,317
7,448
33,314
133,248
84,042
105,126
197,206
10,912
13,473
22,058
95,624
5,218
8,606
12,784
13,801
56,671
46,631
61,990
213,032
1,064
1,418
4,242
4,397
*
Underground
Injection
Pounds
363,660
355,683
824,342
825,035
34,332
45,984
42,470
98,054
38,03$
. 50,240
65,089
36,002
956,098
1,183,867
1,317,706
1,478,833
360,927
365,395
355,736
255,962
131,600
129,100
161,600
116,650
15,041
12,780
14,000
72,250
967,496
1,573,891
1,374,207
1,473,666
2,528
561
2,805
1,000
460
466 .
itOO
390
213,172
219,270
139,964
144,978
977
1,211
1,540 •
2,409
Releases
to Land
Pounds
27,515
340,636
111,933
127,915
79
333
2,152
14,759
32,926
28,568
22,155
68,544
78,267
79,308
118,560
157,156
134,162
. 242,949
166,707
166,537
76,771
194,986
130,415
31,770
618,026
9,354
23,309
82,144
234,148
708,269
. 179,951
731,449
42,743
76,381
174,730
204,923
8,212
20,726
62,991
21,186
208,707
1,450,908
292,135
647,989
123,364
•77,146
251,107
389,729
Total
Releases
Pounds
11,209,093
13,547,553
18;723,952
32,915,312
2,264,773
1,440,839
1,595,340
3,907,093
14,331,019
17,755,538
20,115,337
• 27,169,696
65,410,485
75,788,856
82,210,080
130,937,318
•85,507,228
92,688,075
107,469,325
140,721,633
25,392,702
26,557,233
26,836,601
32,919,714
11,585,238
12,522,825
16,930,003
36,260,554
178,636,563
196,474,524
209,935,425
299,708,226
64,122,214
117,164,593
143,107,328
179,537,544
30,128,003
30,208,038
35,769,277
55,829,024
119,719,936
121,278,679
130,732,037
169,708,309
187,539
148,846
328,888
519,227
10
-------
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress
Table 2.
CAS
Number Chemical
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon
tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloro-
methane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl
ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl
ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloro-
ethylene •
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloro-
ethane
79-01-6 Trichloro-
ethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium
compounds
- , Transfers Off-site
Transfers for Treatment
Year toPOTWs Disposal/Other©
Pounds . • - Pounds
93 308,621 1,855,848
92 418,050 3,258,554
91 615,849 1,796,306
88 1,166,722 2,295,959
93 1,675 1,042,171
92 1,054 851,343
91 621 980,274
88 5,014 1,350,011 -
93 603,115 . 1,894,745
92 553,650 960,017
91 803,997 1,890,042
88 1,226,573 1,369,922
93 843,209 9,909,042
92 1,300,148 12,805,927
91 1,302,744 12,889,435 '
88 1,830,904 22,434,809
93 756,561 5,944,023
92 653,417 7,171,964
91 777,361 10,772,234
88 963,868 29,205,956
93 636,214 1,519,286
92 776,557 1,813,291
91 525,571 2,162,109
88 1,509,030 10,509,249
93 111,007 2,412,866
92 111,522 2,249,409
91 234,642 3,841,153
88 ' 558,691 ' 5,564,088
93 968,612 23,410,441
92 1,045,966 20,909,754
9.1 1,335,834 22,242,499
88 3,591,186 61,895,064
93 60,457 4,014,234
92 118,518 4,983,394
91 253,062' 8,111,621
88 304353 . 19,330,828
93' 45,777 2,100,087
92 70,144 2,021,372
91 73,195 2,791,045
88 85,652 6,432,740
93 745,309 8,223,633
92 1,142,563 8,080,631
91 1,598,070 20,845,669
88 4,225,457 37,917,550
93 4,944 3,372,687
92 45,794 901,989
91 ' 8,559 '1,319,536.
88 21,613. . 1,287,068
Subtotal
Pounds
2,164,469
3,676,604
2,412,155
3,462,681
1,043,846
852,397
. 980,895
1,355,025
2,497,860
1,513,667
2,<>94,039
2,596,495
10,752,251
14,1106,075
14,1192,179
24,:!65,713
6,700,584
7,825,381
11,549;595
30,1169,824
2,:i55,500
2,589,848
2,687,680
12,018,279
2,1523,873
2,360,931
4,075,795
6,122,779
24,379,053
21,955,720
23,578,333
65,486,250
4,074,691
5,101,912
8,364,683
19,635,181
2,145,864
2,091,516
2,864,240
6,518,392
8,968,942
9,223,194
22,443,739
42,143,007
3,377,631
947,783
1,328,095
1,308,681
Transfers
Transfers to Energy
to Recycling Recovery
Pounds Pounds
1,101",028 1,094,354
421,221 2,323,983
353,207 3,675,285
NA NA
111,626 4,109
345,452 24,455
390,625 11,061
NA NA
435,332 * 69,463
1,417,848 765,445
2,077,870 . 255,288
NA NA
20,970,440 3,241;821
28,919,951 4,074,526
28,472,665 3,771,339
NA NA
24,231,204. 45,698,371
25,371,163 39,263,334
27,570,244 35,471,173
NA NA
22,879,916 12,169,416
20,221,693 17,380,409
17,836,398 19,033,586
NA NA
6,033,800 823,490
7,759,959 729,655
10,899,318 1,263,488
NA NA
31,193,360 80,756,715
30,096,035 79,040,678
26,171,587 80,573,391
NA NA
14,370,656 2,322,187
23,284,982 3,649,347
27,688,045 3,358,006
NA NA
6,911,325 1,196,826
6,711,893 939,013
6,889,209 848,596
NA NA
36,897,349 72,550,889
39,628,825 67,092,774
40,381,672 69,672,721
NA NA
2,181,549 1,142
2,047,074 3,3102
2,263,368 ' 7,480
NA NA
Total
Transfers©
Pounds
4359.851
. 6,421,808
6,440,647
NA
1,159,581
1,222,304
1,382,581
NA
3,002,655
3,696,960
5,027,197
NA
34,964,512
• 47,100,552
46,436,183
NA
76,630,159
72,459,878
74,591,012
NA
37,204,832
40,191,950
39,557,664
NA
9,381,163
10,850,545
16,238,601
NA
136,329,128
131,092,433
130,323,311
NA
20,767,534
32,036,241
39,410,734
• NA
10,254,015
9,742,422
10,602,045
NA
118,417,180
115,944,793
132,498,132
NA
5,560,322
2,998,159
3,598,943
NA
11
-------
«'."Kia
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Report
|p^|s,i^d'f renders of 33/50Program Chemicals, 1988," 1991 -1993, Continued.
CAS
Number Chemical
Chromium and
chromium
compounds
Cyanide
compounds
Lead
and lead
compounds
Mercury and
mercury
compounds
Nickel
• and nickel
compounds
Total for
33/50 Chemicals
Total for
AllOther
TRI Chemicals
Total for AH
TRI Chemicals
*
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88.
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Forms
Number
3,107
3,045
3,054
2,415
292
293
313
427
1,655
1,689
1,803
1,586
35
39
56
53
2,459
2,380
2,369
1,716
23,382
24,800
26,200
25,534
55,690
56,428
57,425
52,674
79,072
81,228
83,625
78,208
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
406,770
474,918
437,245
627,725
109,667
146,738
125,875
657,222
453,147
644,682
652,038
839,233
11,856
11,955
12,958
16,797
225,313
579,020
400,136
, 423,719
216,41 1..205
257,078,679
299,508,011
415,113,508
263,834,737
284,061,160
319,122,730
424,929,092
480,245,942
541,139,839
618,630,741
840,042,600
Stacker
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
423,644
448,600
543,947
702,491
3,023,002
3,249,962
2,014,049
1,702,448
J.273,891
1,296,114
1,289,907
1,822,159
4,267
5,416
8,330
8,484
275,493-
290,386
328,073
293,576
392,582,176
447,145,786
492,804,612
692,010,602
782,530,630
860,016,711
910,892,761
1,174,944,163
1,175,112,806
1,307,162,497
1,403,697,373
1,866,954,765
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
250,435
285,703
353,123
397,968
98,062
87,301
120,504
196,962
75,093
74,265
139,248
242,159
446
575
676
1,656
94,194
111,124
131,679
224,427
1,557,442
1,889,881
2,162,354
4,017,236
269,534,823
274,221,490
243,139,154
307,570,566
271,092,265
276,111,371
245,301,508
311,587,802
Underground
Injection
Pounds
42,762
32,470
35,134
54,902
3,110,685
3,765,225
4,727,763
5,445,176
1,768
2,888
928
2,760
15
9
9
27
133,238
297,762
370,948
239,263
6,372,798
8,036,802
9,435,041
10,247,357
569,621,351
717,784,301
699,750,068
1,332,110,315
575,994,149
725,821,103
709,185,109
1,342,357,672
Releases
to Land
Pounds
23,832,948
24,156,909
25,960,722
40,215,263
6,055
12i953
22,180
108,969
14,287,079
13,987,160
17,033,155
26,684,305
1,812
3,139
5,294
13,529
3,292,612
3,732,437
1,701,734
3,637,777
43,005,426
45,122,162
46,259,230
73,303,944
245,968,138
295,057,336
370,454,785
439,992,727
288,973,564
340,179,498
416,714,015
513,296,671
Total
Releases
Pounds
24,956,559
25,398,600
27,330,171
41,998,349
6,347,471
7,262,179
7,010,371
8,110,777
16,090,978
16,005,109
.19,115,276
29,590,616
18,396
21,094
27,267
. 40,493
4,020,850
5,010,729
2,932,570
4,818,762
659,929,047
759,273,310
850,169,248
1,194,692,647
2,131,489,679
2,431,140,998
2,543,359,498
3,679,546,863
2,791,418,726
3,190,414,308
3,393,528,746
4,874,239,510
12
-------
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Report WZ^M
Table 2, Cont.
CAS
Number - Chemical
Chromium
and chromium
compounds
Cyanide
compounds
•x
Lead and
lead compounds
Mercury
and mercury
compounds
Nickel
and nickel
compounds
Total for
33/50 Chemicals
Total for
AHOther
TRI Chemicals
Total for All
TRI Chemicals
Transfers Off-site
Transfers for Treatment
Year to POTWs Disposal/Other®
Pounds Pounds
93 443,461 34,946,871
92 947,121 19,018,511
91 940,780 20,378,515
88 2,080,868 26,800,100
93 100,184 477,812
92 88,027 635,105
91 121,476 714,580.
88 1,152,828 2,719,248 -
', 93 139,125 26,323,018
92 358,126 37,611,890
91 335,652 20,926,102
88 213,423 3U95.505 '
93 21 74,706
92 22 239,781
91 . 314 153,816
88 1,892 275,017
93 219,692 9,870,359
92 252,193 11,976,032
91 388,355 9,232,462
88 902,763 13,646,458
93 . 5,987,984 137,391,829
92 7,882,872 135,488,964
91 9,316,082 141,047,398 '
88 19,840,837 274,229,572
93 308,179,985 511,643,134
92 428,516,829 536,944,769
91 384,562,040 483,024,578
88 562,139,116 758,513,529
93 314,167,969 649,034,963
92 436,399,701 672,433,733
91 393,878,122 624,071,976
88 581,979,953 1,032,7.43,101
Subtotal
Pounds
35390,332
19,965,632
21,319,295
* 28,880,968
577,996
723,132
836,056
3,872,076
26,462,143
37,970,016
21.X61.754
31,408,928
74,727
239,803
1154,130
276,909
10,090,051
12,228,225
9,620,817
14,549,221
143,379,813
143,371,836
150.-I63.480
294,070,409
819,823,1 19
965,461,598
867,586,618
1,320,652,645
963,202,932 .
1,108,833,434
1,017,950,098
1,614,723,054
Transfers
Transfers to Energy
to Recycling Recovery
Pounds Pounds
124,075;218 31,061
99,174,280 89,965
68,792,255 123,934
NA NA
24,600 2,261
94,518 500
82,410 500
NA NA
291,053,994 83,202
403,989,489. ,59,068
223,965,984 69,482
NA NA
23,639 0
51,455 1
465,489 5
NA ' NA
90,127,604 13,405
80,374,621 34,628
66,310,972 19,983
NA NA
672,622,640 220,058,712
769,910,459 215,471,083
550,611,318 218,155,318
NA NA
2,576,347,350 266,245,023
2,163,775,010 256,781,485
1,737,931,181 225,157,474
NA NA
3,248,969,990 486,303,735
2,933,685,469 472,252,568
2,288,542,499 443,312,792
'NA , NA
Total
Transfers®
Pounds
159,496,611
119,229,877
90,235,484
NA
604,857
818,150
918,966
NA
317,599,339
442;01 8,573
245,297,220
NA
98,366
291,259
- 619,624
NA
100,231,060
. 92,637,474
75,951,772
NA
1,036,061,165
1,128,753,378
919,130,116
NA
3,662,415,492
3,386,018,093
2,830,675,273
NA
4,698,476,657
4,514,771,471
3,749,805,389
NA
"Other" indicates: For 1991,1992, and 1993, transfers reported with no waste management codes or invalid codes. For 1988,
transfers reported with no waste management codes, invalid codes, or codes not required to be reported in 1988.
Because transfers for recycling and energy recovery were not required to be reported in 1988, total transfers in 1988 are not
comparable to total transfers reported for 1991,1992, or 1993..
13
-------
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Report
33/50 Program Chemical Identities
In the tables in this chapter, the 33/50 Program
chemicals appear in alphabetical order by organic
chemicals followed by inorganic chemicals.
Xylenes and the inorganic chemicals have been
grouped into categories, as shown below. The 10
individual organic chemicals and the seven groups
constitute the 17 high-priority chemicals targeted by
the 33/50 Program.
Organic chemicals
71-43-2
56-23-5
67-66-3
75-09-2
78-93-3
108-10-1
127rl8-4
108-88-3
71-55-6
79-01-6
Xylenes
108-38-3
95-47-6
106-42-3
1330-20-7
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
m-Xylene
o-Xylene
p-Xylene
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Inorganic chemicalsQ
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
7440-43-9 Cadmium
— Cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
7440-47-3 Chromium
— Chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
74-90-8 Hydrogen cyanide
— Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
7439-92-1 Lead .
— Lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
7439-97-6 Mercury
— Mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
7440-02-0 Nickel
— Nickel compounds
Box 2. 33/50 Program Chemical' Identities.
Figure 7 shows the percentage reduction for the
11 organic chemicals and their compounds and
the six inorganic chemical compounds, as well
as for the total 33/50 chemicals. All
percentages1 are calculated from a 1988 baseline.
As the figure shows, releases and transfers of
organic chemicals have steadily declined from
1988 to 1993 for a total reduction of nearly 46%
over the time period. Releases and transfers of
inorganic compounds, on the other hand,
decreased from 1988 to 1991, then began
increasing, with a result that, in total, releases
and transfers of inorganics have decreased less
than 23% from 1988 to 1993. Because the .
inorganics account for a much smaller
percentage of the total releases and transfers of
33/50 Program chemicals, however, their
relatively small percentage decrease has had
little impact on the total: percentage reduction of
33/50 chemicals.
The 11 organic chemicals accounted for 94% of
all reductions in 33/50 chemicals between 1988
and 1993, while inorganics accounted for 6% of
total reductions. There are two reasons for this
result. First, organics accounted for a much
larger percent of total releases and transfers hi
1988 than inorganics (89% vs 11%). Second,
the percentage reduction hi releases and
transfers of organics was much larger from
1988-1993 than for inorganics (49% vs 23%).
Five chemicals accounted for 78% of total
reductions hi 33/50 Program releases and
transfers between 1988 and 1993: .
dichloromethane (12%), methyl ethyl ketone
(11%), toluene (24%) 1,1,1-trichloroethane
(19%), and xylenes (12%).
These results are not surprising given that these
five organic chemicals were the largest source
of releases and transfers of 33/50 chemicals in
1988 (74%). These chemicals still comprise
Compound categories do not have CAS numbers (—).
14
ill linn n nil 11 in in n in In i Inn
I
III ill HI in in lull
I ill I III IU Hi in n Hi I fn I
Illliiili
-------
33/SO Program: Sixth Progress flepo/tttDESfg
*
Benzene
Carbon
tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichlorometharie
Methyl ethyl
ketone
Methyl isobutyl
ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
>
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and
lead compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
• nickel compounds
1
F-
• 1988
i H1989
' ' " H1990
^mH D1991
JJJJF1 H1992
H1993
^B '.__'..
^^^^^^^^^^^3 • •
i .
D 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 4
.Millions of Pounds
*'
DO
Figure 6. TRI Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, by Chemical, 1988-1993.0
O The amounts for recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1993 have not been included in these totals.
15
-------
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Report
i .iiii'ir, i /'lit' iiT.i
-10.0 •
-20.0-
•30.0
-40.0
-60.0-
-60.0
. 1988-89 1968-90 1988-91' 1988-92 1988-93
•Orgonlcs
Q Inorganics
•Total 33/50 Program Chemicals
Figure 7.
Percentage Change In Releases and
Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals
(Organics vs. Inorganics), 1988-1993.®
if i
nearly 71% of all releases and transfers of 33/50
chemicals. All Qrganics represent 84% of total
releases and transfers of 33/50 chemicals.
Inorganics, however, are increasing in
prominence, representing 16% of total releases
and transfers of 33/50 Program chemicals in
1993, up from 11% in 1988. Lead and
compounds and chromium arid compounds are
the most important inorganics, accounting for
5% and 8% respectively of total releases and
transfers of,,3,3/50 chemicals in 1993. Cadmium
and compounds had a large percentage increase
during the time period, but because total
quantities of these compounds are small, the
impact on total releases and transfers was
negligible.
Figure 8 shows the percent change in releases
and transfers of 33/50 Program chemicals from
1988 to 1993 for each chemical. With the
exception of mercury and compounds, the
inorganic chemicals (presented at the bottom of
the figure) show smaller percentage decreases
than observed for the 11 organic chemicals
between 1988 and 1993, and releases and
transfers of one of the inorganics (cadmium and
compounds) actually increased, nearly doubling.
Figure 9 presents a graphical representation of
the data in Table 2 by release medium and
transfer type for the yeairs 1988 to 1993. Figure
10 shows the percent change in releases and
transfers from 1988 to 1993 by release medium
and transfer type. Figure 11 shows the
contribution of each release medium and
transfer type to total reductions in releases and
transfers of 33/50 chemicals from 1988 to 1993.
As these diagrams show, the largest quantity
reductions in releases and transfers have
occurred in air emissions. Reductions in these
sources account for 73% of total reductions in
releasesland transfers ''of'33/50> chemicals. All
sources, however, have experienced significant
percentage reductions.
Transfers to Energy
Recovery and Recycling
The Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 (PPA)
substantially expanded the scope of TRI to
include reporting on additional toxic chemical
management activities. Off-site transfers to
energy recovery and recycling processes are
now reported in Section 6 of Form R in addition
to the previously reported transfers to POTWs
and other treatment and disposal facilities.
The amounts for recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1993 have not been included in these totals.
16
-------
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Report
Benzene
Carbon
tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethdne
Methyl ethyl
ketone
Methyl isobutyl
ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and
lead compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
-80 -60 . -40 -20 0 20 40
Percentage Change
60
80
100
Figure 8. Percentage Change in Total Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, 1988-1993.®
(D The amounts for recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1993 have not been included in these totals.
17
-------
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Report
Millions of Pounds
700
600-
500-
400-
200
1988
1989
• 1990
O1991
1992
1993
300-
100-
Fugitive Stack Surface Under- Releases Transfers Transfers to
Air Air Water ground to Land to POTWs Treatment/
Emissions Emissions Discharges Injection . Disposal/
Other Off-site
Figure 9. TRI Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, by Release Medium and Transfer Type,
" "
The amounts for recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1993 have not been included in these totals.
18
-------
Fugitive Air
Emissions
Stock Air
Emissions
Surface Water
Discharges
Underground
. Injection
Releases
to Land
Transfers
toPOTWs
Treatment/Disposal/
Other Transfers
-75
.-45 -30
Percentage Change
Figure 10. Percentage Change In Releases and
' Transfers by Release Medium or
Transfer Type, 1988-1993.®
33/30 Program: Sixth Progress Report Cpp
Transfers to
POTWs
2.0%
Release!; to
Land
4.4%
Stack Air
Emissions
43.7%
Treatment/
Disposal/
Other
Transfers
20.0%
Fugitive Air
Emissions
29.0%
Less than 1.0%
Underground Injection
Surface Water Discharges
Figure 11. Contribution to Reductions in Releases
• and Transfers of 33/50 Program
Chemicals by Release Medium or
Transfer Type, 1988-1993.®
Facilities' reports of transfers to energy
recovery and recycling for 1991-1993,are
presented after the "Subtotal" column in Table
2. The absence of reporting requirements for
these activities in 1988 is reflected by "NA."
Transfers to energy recovery (220.1 million
pounds) and transfers to recycling (672.6
million pounds) in 1993 again substantially
exceeded the total for all previously reported
types of off-site transfers of 33/50 Program
chemicals (143.4 million pounds). Transfers to
energy recovery increased slightly in 1993
(2.1%), while transfers to recycling decreased
significantly (12.6%) after increasing by 40% hi
1992.
33/50 PROGRAM CHEMICALS
IN WASTE
In Section 8 of Form R, which was made
mandatory under the PPA starting with the 1991
reporting year, facilities report the amounts of
toxic chemicals:
• recycled or reused in on-site processes and/
or sent off-site for recycling;
• combusted in on-site and/or sent to off-site
energy recovery systems;
• destroyed in on-site treatment systems and/
or sent to off-site treatment facilities;
« released to the environment as a result of on-
site operations plus the amounts shipped off-
site for disposal.
The amounts for recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1993 have not been included in these totals.
19
-------
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Report
Table 3. Total Production-Related Waste for 33/50 Chemicals Compared to Other TRI Chemicals, 1991-1995.
fliiHIillil'E M. fcliiiiii'lr'fi'lfiiisii
W liilliiiiii" h'ii'i''k WillPii',!
liilU'AillllL'lllli' i i,::!,:,, i,; KWAif
•
1991®
1992
1993
1994©
1995© .
•
1991-1993
1993-1995©
1991-1995©
All TRI Chemicals
Pounds
32,755,040,741
32,884,508,120
33,498,461,670
33,447,534,630 .
33,986,505,265
Percent Change
2.3%
1.5%
3.8%
TRI Chemicals
Less 33/50
Chemicals
Pounds
27,239,462,028
27,062,076,135
27,508,791,099
27,806,339,673
28,321,019,790
Percent Change
1.0%
3.0%
4.0%
33/50
Chemicals
Only
Pounds
5,515,578,713
5,822,431,985
5,989,670,571
5,641,194,957
5,665,485,475
Percent Change
8.6%
-5.4%
2.7%
.V:.-!' sir.
Section 8 reporting items described above
pertain only to chemical quantities contained in
waste that are the result of regular production-
relafed activities,. Toxic chemcal quantities
of 1993 Toxics Release Inventory: Public Data
Release (EPA 745_R_95_010> March 1995).
Throughout this report, 1991 data are drawn
from prior year reports by facilities in their 1992
"Form'S! submissions!! 1992" anB''i9W data are
contained in waste that are generated at the
" pi1 f! ililllH sAIffi ...... Ki!?> :OSlltf, • ••111 :f!!ff!ftS ...... >. i .>• LJ ......... *#' t ...... "
facility through non-routine activities,
as
spill clean-ups and catastrophic events, are
reported in a separate Section 8 reporting item.
Bach of the items reported for production-.
related waste hi Section 8 is reported in
aggregate, by chemical, for the reporting year
(1993), the prior year (1992), and forecast by
facilities for the two successive years (1994 and
Analysts will note significant discrepancies
between reported off-site transfers to recycling
in Sections 6 and 8 of Form R. Less significant
discrepancies cSnalso Be observed"in the
reporting of off-site shipments to energy
recovery and treatment. The causes and meaning
of these discrepancies, which are related to TRI
reporting guidance, are discussed in Chapter 2
As reported for the previous year on 1992 Form Rs.
Projected amounts.
actual'quantlies reported in i^sTonn'TRs,
1994 and 1995 data represent facility future year
projections reported on 1993 Form R*s.
Table 3 presents facility reports of total
production-related waste for 33/50 Program
chemicals versus reports for all other TRI
chemicals for 1991-1995. All forms submitted
for TRI chemicals for the two years 1992 and
i993 are included The trends in reductions for
each ^^p^go?cfie1niEals"1are1'depicted in
Figure 2 presented at the beginning of this
report.
Total production-related waste associated with
33/50 Program chemicals increased slightly
(2.9%) in 1993, a much reduced rate from that
20
lllf1 illlUil
i i IIP | 'I II ' I || mini1 '
"I I'l I ' |l"l "Hill
I "ill
-------
experienced in 1992 (5.6%). Production waste
for non-Program chemicals also increased in
1993, but by a somewhat smaller proportion
(1.7%).
Facilities are projecting a significant reduction
in production waste of 33/50 Program chemicals
in 1994, a 5.8% decline. At the same time,
production-related waste for other TRI
chemicals is expected to again increase slightly
(1.1%). Projections for 1995 suggest no change
hi 33/50 Program chemical waste, while non-
Program chemical waste is forecast to continue
its slow but steady rise by an additional 2%.
Analyses of facility projections, particularly as
national aggregates, should be viewed with
caution. Forecasting waste generation is an
imprecise art, and facilities are not bound by
thek estimates for future years. A review of our.
analysis of facilities' 1992 TRI reports
reinforces this point. On page 284 of the 1992
Public Data Release report, we observed that
facilities were projecting a decline of nearly 4%
in then- production waste for 33/50 Program
chemicals in 1993. Actual data subsequently
reported for 1993 showed an increase of nearly
3%.
Facilities owned by 33/50 Program participating
companies reported reductions in production-
related waste for 33/50 Program chemicals,
while facilities of non-participants reported
increases. Those belonging to participating
companies reported a 0.5% decrease from 1992
to 1993 and projected an additional 15%
decrease from 1993 to 1995. Those facilities
belonging to non-participating companies
reported an 8% increase from 1993 to 1995 and
. projected a similar 7% increase from 1993 to
1995.
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Report Wp^jg
33/50 Program Chemicals
in Waste, by Medium/
Management Method and by Chemical
Production-related waste for 33/50 Program
chemicals is summarized by chemical and waste
management method for the period 1991 to
1995 in Tables 4 through 8. Figure 12 presents
a graphical representation of the total
production-related waste for each chemical for
these years.
•(. < *
Figure 13 shows these data in terms of the
percent change in total production-related waste
for the periods 1991-1993 (actual change) and
1993-1995 (projected change).
From 1991 to 1993, total production-related
waste decreased significantly (over 50 million
pounds for each-of four chemicals) in terms of
quantity for 1,1,1-trichloroethane (156 million
pounds), benzene <120 million pounds), lead
and compounds (94 million pounds), and methyl
isobutyl ketone (54 million pounds). Total
production-related waste of three other
chemicals, carbon tetrachloride,
tetrachloroethylene, and chloroform, decreased
significantly on a percentage basis (over 10%).
Production/import of 1,1,1-trichloroethane and
carbon tetrachloride is banned in the United
States after January 1,1996.
From 1991 to 1993, total production-related
waste increased over 50 million pounds each for
four chemicals: toluene (613 million pounds),
chromium and compounds (119 million
pounds),, trichloroethylene (72 million pounds),
and xylene (65 million pounds). On a
percentage basis, total production-related waste
increased by over 10% for an additional three .
chemicals: mercury and compounds, cadmium
and compounds, and nickel and compounds.
The increase in total production-related waste
for these? chemicals suggests that the decrease in
21
-------
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Report
Table 4. Quantity of 33/50 Chemicals Recycled On-slte and Off-site, by Chemical, 1991-1995.®
,
CAS
Number Chemical
Recycled On-site
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetraehloroethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds®
Nickel and nickel compounds
^Tr^ti£t^:Sso(^x^s * "'
P'v:"1' Subtotai'Sir All Other TRI Chemicals
Subtotalfor All TRI Chemicals
*^» *_«t.<_^. ,,,,.*.,..».* — ». »»-*. *,*..,. »™.
Recycled Off-site
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetraehloroethylene '
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
Subtotal for 33/50 Chemicals
, 'Subtotal for All Other TRI Chemicals
Subtotal for All TRI Chemicals
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
Total for All Other TRI Chemicals
Total for All TRl Chemicals
Projected Data
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995
Recycled Recycled , Recycled Recycled Recycled
Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds
170,751,241 58,140,117 64,592,187 57,933,552 57,948,453
10,540,016 9,236,700 2,550,095 2,967,261 2,287,051
5,924,899 6,502,899 4,968,367 4,788,270 4,299,120
72,046,695 74,553,992 86,323,177 70,650,427 74,756,704
152,220,826 167,239,880 170,138,600 172,326,231 256,172,729
110,036,801 57,776,059 50,396,415 46,634,071 43,383,419
95,135,088 73,767,202 75,066,459 66,125,470 60,848,582
595,782,778 1,038,335,627 1,159,918,428 1,077,941,693 1,075,531,359
190,012,133 160,864,056 111,402,660 94,457,572 81,103,230
221,288,591 293,278,354 293,306,078 270,421,086 180,004,285
118,379,096 112,874,807 124,956,236 120,414,398 122,050,873
3,610,253 11,749,796 4,085,968 4,254,187 4,250,378
65,509,364 63,740,754 72,122,696 66,602,127 62,037,898
3,523,828 632,924 575,782 560,672 562,271
774,813,943 701,521,076 682,260,064 587,405,788 . 516,429,330
1,118,830 1,597,398 13,969,063 14,009,246 14,046,905
47,342,031 45,123,020 48,652,367 66,699,132 78,241,543
'2,638,034,413 A876*934,66L 2,965384,642 2;724,19U8s" 2,633^54,136
"9360,402,737 9,288399*428,10,226,021,86640,954,691,259 £1,076,020,920
12,198,437,150 12,I«3,834,089 13,491306308 13,678;882»442 13,709,975,050*
•*•> " *C ^ A* i •*•>-,.>. V * A h
1,420,007 565,557 1,079,229 587,808 538,656
390,924 290,483 111,606 107,764 107,714
2,094,019 1,417,917 435,102 452,586 452,036
26,563,629 24,946,875 21,079,024 17,210,281 14,007,676
24,414,975 25,226,050 21,612,758 18,867,392 18,967,066
• 16,670,629 19,388,510 23,026,951 22,606,704 21,910,014
12,004,595 9,388,106 7,712,315 7,249,241 7,027,729
25,372,734 29,683,884 31,868,427 21,941,647 21,217,897
26,605,801 19,297,809 14,606,493 6,658,052 3,218,518
7,275476 6,395,902 . 7,091,492 6,773,498 5,767,852
33,647,064 36,070,567 36,142,814 35,024,904 34,785,644
1,860,251 1,632,131 2,086,210 1,969,814 1,990,990
100,263,398 112,502,108 127,799,872 129,133,371 150,125,384
46,631 15,226 15,533 12,837 13,291
295,857,177 266,314,184 291,107,147 287,000,510 289,885,188
60,547 51,388 24,288 329,650 26,950
81,086,951 85,609,029 93,936,825 97,214,709 98,108,484
655,634,908 638,795,726 679,736,086 653,140,768, 668,151,089"
2336,056325 2,55i;9?3t435 2,644,877,989 2,674,911,986 2,881,«84,1«4
2,991,691,233 3,190,769,161 3,324,614,075 3328,052,754 3,549,835,273*
3393,669321 3315,730387 3,«45,020,728 3377331,951 ?3302»J05319-
11,896,459,06211,840,872,863 12,870,899,855 13,629,603,245 13,957,705,104
< 15,190,128383 15356,603350 16315,920383 17,006,935,196 17359,810323.
Data from 1991 as reported on 1992 forms; all other years from 1993 forms.
A reporting enoFby one facility resulted in on-site recycling of mercury being overstated by nearly 13 million pounds for 1993,
1994, and 1995. At the time this error was detected, it was too late to correct the tables and figures presented in this report.
-------
33/SO Program: Sixth Progress Report
Table 5. Quantity of 33/50 Chemicals Used for Energy Recovery On-site and Off-site, by Chemical, 1991-1995.©
CAS
Number Chemical
Energy Recovery On-site
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 . 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
Jf^bt^lolS^lSs^^^'^
vil^SSSS^^^i^:
Energy Recovery Off-site
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
108-88-3 -Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium, and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
~^l Subtotal for,AH Other fRI OienMcals " - >;*' *
if ^CSswpaS^;^ ; '>?;>r
'^^SSAlT^SS^'i^A
1991
Energy
Recovery
Pounds
33,591,155
4,421,868
5,495,474
10,662,551
88,017,835
39,271,740 ^
5,507,721
254,268,130
5,422,186
2,248,000
218,652,341
0
8,331
21,987,509
3,500
0
0
=" * o89*$58f3^rl« '<
=• 2J370SQ6&16* *^2
V^0^4>57.^
4,621,375
9,955
713,071
3,619,976
32,535,051
13,506,753
597,416
75,210,184
2,967,446
894,895
61,909,144
6,525
171,399 .
24
2,535,207
0.
20,884
^V 450435,52lV;
?;ZSbn#e*>
'/$£%pS^
1992
Energy
Recovery
Pounds
37,366,545
4,803,854
13,818,864
10,706,117
88,676,279
43,905,284
7,507,732
289,201,036
8,010,000
1,083,000
243,832,323
0
0
22,807,069
4,000
0
0
436,7«8^:
3,331,203
2,351
175,369
2,435,825
39,889,681
9,998,054
510,982
77,975,615
2,066,496
780,913
64,293,309
3,052
19,817
285
52,221
0
8,086
' 4^jL flfHi' SET1'?
<-*tiJ**%\A*,£.$O fj^f*
«•* <•"* ^ * > >..*<
I590;79!M71
1993
Energy
Recovery
Pounds
26,250,860
5,139,747
16,980,876
10,502,937
99,289,155
. 39,090,875
11,124,256
254,771,684
4,534,328
1,216,631
245,700,894
0
69,034
12,229,599
39,325
0
0
:4mSW;
is^94^
1,996,334
4,116
60,631
3,252,921
46,796,184
12,145,798
887,593
86^966,647
2,408,852
1,485,511
72,416,669
, 1,142
93,386
1,812
80,422
0
8,031
* mw&92
A'51I,77^941i
>(; 455^46,250^
''S^SO.IIS^SU
Projected Data
1994 1995
Energy Energy
Recovery Recovery
Pounds Pounds
27,638,258 28,141,591
5,070,222 5,073,782
17,215,650 '17,310,574
11,553,556 12,153,787
107,767,007 171,316,793
40,757,131 44,458,876
11,358,592 11,476,521
, 282,553,285 309,458,527
4,502,533 4,511,100
1,118,700 1,149,366
267,101,655 294,200,290
0 0
29,518 35,422
14,527,863 16,530,983
39,125 ' 46,110
0 . 0
0 0
2^i&7,74T^6£T$M^
3,022?79p,837 * 3,202j5JJjf!56;fJ
1,912,548 1,563,917
3,513 2,213
44,229 46,159
2,647,429 , 2,497,953
43,443,289 42,033,167
12,738,010 12,746,683
659,843 £15,361
78,939,246 74,372,577
1,221,420 705,608
1,206477 901,321
66,660,656 63,897,743
1,009 1,006
83,083 84,061
1,768 1,818
81,206 '80,779
0 0
9,382 9,848
,: 467,93415&^^442,£i52;^5
T iftftA 5?ft/^ *il(V^ * 1 ^1 1 ^? 4.^^ Q"W
j.jfWAy>-QOU^3U«.J j. ' Jl^J. X«^y*rX^.7«7U
AfTTOT^Owf 7 )i &*?•£( ^ * J(5jOwty»iOfc?j^'j' **,-^ ^K
Data from 1991 as reported on 1992 forms; all other years from 1993 forms.
23
-------
ll llllllll
nil
III 1 llllllll II
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Report
Table 6. Quantity of 33/50 Chemicals Treated On-site and Off-site, by Chemical, 1991 -1995.®
*
1 111 I1 1 1 II
II
1
•
1 11 1 II 1 1 II II
II llllllll 1 1 III
1 1 III! 1
.
ll1 IN i i 'ii i1 i
III Ililill Ml i
;
it.IHW1 I'M!1;'!1 :' !:!iL:llli'"
hrllll jllllllllir 4" :i ]!'' i !' l.iliiljjlnl.
S!-l! ;:;;; r;;j; ;-;rrr
ill!1 ,11 ii' P" i1' '!' iiWJi1'1 - , "L '!!• * «• -d
2,085,219'
906,664
2,405,711
10,509,299
6,533,657
1,919,172
2,488,782
16,997,430
3,423,144
1,818,275
8,083,355.
232,879
19,993,798
455,380
6,405,526
1,329
2,436,417
86,696,037
' S71J089.060
- 657,785,097
' '65&38'i,;266
9,767,677,124
10,426,058390
1994
Treated
Pounds
31,809,928
15,102,091
13,766,146
20,515,418
55,367,005
12,709,751
* 16,718,061
157,391,031
1,936,117
6,662,985
61,791,374
156,907
100,376,036
32,582,601
43,155,159
23,173
2,581,963
572,645,746
^9,025,178,244
9497,823,990
2,020,307
610,525
2,675,485
9,356,395
5,268,961
1,802,453
2,117,815
17,390,007
2,115,715
1,497,837
7,989,388
227,344
3,848,693
359,080
5,692,218
1,211
2,292432
637,9il,7'l2
9,56T,i 19,928
1995
Treated
Pounds.
35,781,910
14,688,253
13,718,792
24,371,737
56,199,052
12,541,566
16,704,623
174,646,088
1,784,442
'7,195,208
66,876,892
511,331
100,503,098
32,837,005
44,436,811
" 23,173
2,423,804
605,243 (lB5"
9,249,460,926
*9r8S43Q4/tn
1,299,192
562,094
2,246,126
9,569,689
6,031,620
1,533,699
1,938,357
18,000,579
1,447,987
1,212,789
7,937,851
220,010
3',652,251
342,477
6,584,469
1,207
2,143,908
""^724305*
s(Kgn%097
568£96,4Q2f
' 'W^8,W
*9;;753,333;023!i
10,199,031,646 10,4233014 1$
•Data from 1991 as reported on 1992 forms; all other years from 1993 forms.
!-;• 24
-------
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Report
Table 7. Quantity of 33/50 Chemicals Released/Disposed of, by. Chemical, 1991-1995.®
CAS
Number
Chemical
Projected Data
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995
Quantity Quantity Quantity Quantity Quantity
Released/ Released/ Released/ Released/ Released/
Disposed of Disposed of Disposed of Disposed of Disposed of
Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds'
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
108-88-3 toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
• Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
.Nickel and nickel compounds
18,515,198
1,492,508
20,457,275
79,805,530
101,617,718
26,212,313
15,425,167
195,627,939
127,354,830
32,112,823
121,722,576
1,066,365
40,887,764
6,985,338
34,616,771
83,239
11,296,529
13,435,686
2,203,795
17,159,852
75,982,689
90,299,687
24,780,173
11,493,032
198,040,224
95,687,254
28,507,688
115,834,532
529,372
36',968,850
7,276,639
32,516,338
229,385
9,697,929
11,218,310
2,352,503
14,413,609
66,718,011
85,805,403
25,426,035
11,651,832
181,399,292
64,594,783
29,884,219
119,799,283
3,306,540
53,501,023
6,400,402
34,043,402
57,137
20,150,543
10,156,862
1,750,112
12,864,728
56,898,915
77,421,299
24,640,846
9,245,692
159,256,140
39,984,432
27,343,971
113,373,997
3,871,866
42,258,883
6,633,527
31,093,663
45,488
8,224,570
9,514,913
1,640,568
11,720,062
50,879,972
72,864,907
22,332,776
7,859,261
148,151,574
21,976,845
21,530,172
110,218,335
1 3,823,767
40,370,441
11,424,295
32,150,236
42,428
11,487,678
Table 8. Total Quantity of 33/50 Chemicals in Production-Related Waste, by Chemical, 1991-1995.®
CAS
Number
.71-43-2
56-23-5
67-66-3
75-09-2
78-93-3
108-10-1
127-18-4
108-88-3
71-55-6
79-01-6
•
'vAToiai*
**
ts **Tcits&
S^al
Chemical
Benzene
.Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl .ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds .' '
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
j^sao^to^ ;>^:' T -Q'
1 v <• •* •* * ^
for All Omer TRI Chemicals' • * V
tor All T6l Chemicals '!'°v"~
Projected Data
1991 Total .
Production-
Related
Waste
Pounds
261,209,884
32,991,083
60,003,103
235,057,159
453,195,879
218,373,523
145,897,845
1,275,006,091
358,778,185
269,138,057
606,124,547
7,378,018
246,025,002
51,958,234
1,149,473,922
1,354,259
143,613,922
wi&iws;
j v * f ~* --
* 27.23U 462LQ2&
iii404^
1992 Toital
. Production-
Related
Waste
Poundii
142,058,459
32,082,820
. 55,004,049
237,859,664
469,068,465
167,852,758
119,789,353
1,781,128,287
291,125,648
337,283,643
626,293,160
15,061,880
303,689,850
55,642,739
1,041,138,818
1,918,489
145,433,703
\ iX v^ V
27»062,OJ6»1t35
32,884,508,120
1993 Total
Production-
Related
Waste
Pounds
140,756,940
25,893,111
53,346,732
225,747,685
484,785,455
164,765,981
125,631,592
1,887,778,134
202,884,825
341,318,197
671,346,112
9,875,945
365,061,662
53,336,645
1,055,246,376
14,095,993
167,799,186
V ^ v f^-f ^ S
*• xf OftO f¥$(\ *$*f \
< *j$,foy^ji\/fjj£.
X,^ ^ f ^ ft •> jX"
2?^OS 791JB99
^ V. /"
1994Total
Production-
Related
Waste
Pounds .
132,059,263
25,611,488
51,807,094
188,832,421
' 480,461,184
161,888,966
113,474,714
1,795,413,049
150,875,841
.315,024,654
672,356,37.2
10,481,127
342,331,711
54,678,348
954,467,669
14,408,768
177,022,288
%&641,194&S7
S ">^ v s
S*? 806*33^ 673
33,447^34,630
1995 Total
Production-
. Related
, Waste
Pounds
134,788,632
24,361,675
49,792,869
188,237,518
623,585,334
158,907,033
106,470,434
1,821,378,601
114,747,730
217,760,993
699,967,628
10,797,482
356,808,555
61,712,140
889,612,923
14,140,663
192,415,265
$t&5MS£J5
* ^ % •*
2SJ3^1 ^1J9^?J9C
^33,9^05465
Data from 1991 as reported on 1992 forms; all other years from 1993 forms.
25
-------
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Report
1 nun ik
-------
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Report
Benzene
Carbon
tetrachlbride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl
ketone
Methyl Isobulyl
ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and
lead compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
-75
-50
-25 0 25 50
Percentage Change
75
Figure 13. Percentage Change in Total Production-Related Waste, 33/50 Program Chemicals, Actual and
Projected, 1991-1995.©
A reporting error by one facility resulted in on-site recycling of mercury being overstated by nearly 13 million pounds for 1993,
1994, and 1995. At the time this error was detected, it was too late to correct the tables and figures.
27
-------
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Report
releases and transfers observed in Figure 7,
particularly for the organic chemicals, did not
result from source reduction measures.
Facilities are projecting that total production-
related waste jw||l decrease significantly from
1993 to 19^''&^6ur^cbemlc'als: ......... i^daad
compounds (166 million pounds),
Mchloroethyjene (1^4 million pounds), 1,1,1-
trichlorpethane (88 million pounds), and toluene
..... (66 m^onpounds)" .......... Total' jpi^ucfioh-reiatedf
> waste of dichlorometliane and of
tetrachlproethylene is also projected to decrease
significantly on a percentage basis during this
time period. Total production-related waste is
also projected to decrease by smaller quantities/
for gve other chemicals.
Facilities are projecting that, from 1993 to 1995,
on-site: releases and off-site disposal of 33/50
Program chemicals will continue to decrease by
153 million pounds (21%) and on-site recycling
will decrease by 331 million pounds (11%).
Only on-site energy recovery is projected to
increase significantly (189 million pounds,
26%).
Total production-related waste is projected to
increase for six chemicals, most notably, methyl
ethyl ketone, which is projected to increase by,
139 jnillion pounds (29%). Total production-
related waste of cyanide compounds and nickel
and nickel compounds is also projected to
increase by 16% and 15% respectively.
i >
Figure 14 shows the total production-related
waste for 1 19l) 1 to' 1^^ by''nianag"ement' method. "
Data for 1991 Srou^'|993rep^en^t actual ............
figures, while data for 1994 and 1995 represent
facility projections. 1991 figures are drawn
from 1992 prior year reports; all others are from
1993 reports. Figure 15 shows these data, in
terms of the percent change for the periods
(projected change).
( i in i mi i > i
From 1991 to 1993, on-site releases and off-site
disposal of 33/50 chemicals decreased by nearly
105 million pounds (12.5%). These decreases
were offset by increases in all other waste
management methods, most notably on-site
recycling which increased by over 327 million
pounds (12%) and on-site treatment which
increased by 145 million pounds (34%).
In comparison, on- and off-site recycling of
non-33/50 chemicals increased .from 1991 to;
1993 by over 666 million pound's (7%) and 309
million pounds (13%) respectively. On-and
off-site recycling is projected to continue to
increase from 1993 to 1995 (8% and 9%
respectively). Quantities released are expected
to decrease by 16% from 1993 to 1995. On-site
energy recovery of non-33/50 chemicals
decreased 11% from 1991 to 1993 while off-site
energy recovery increased by 13%. On-site
energy recovery is expected to increase by 8%
from 1993 to'l995 while off-site energy
recovery is expected to decrease by 14% during
this time period.
SOURCE REDUCTION
REPORTING FOR
33/50 PROGRAM CHEMICALS
Facilities are also required to report in Section 8
of Form R any source reduction efforts that
were directed toward TRI chemicals during the
reporting year and the methods they employed
hi identifying source reduction opportunities.
Source Reduction Activities
Table 9 summarizes facility reporting of source
reduction activities for each of the 17
33/50 Program chemicals for 1991-1993. As a
group and individually, 33/50 Program
chemicals evidenced higher rates and levels of
source reduction activity reporting than other
TRI chemicals. Of the more than 19,700
28
-------
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Report
Millions of Pounds
6,500
6,000
5,500
5,000-
4,500 -
4,000
3,500
3,000
Z500
ZOOO
1,500
1,000
500
0
01991.
• 1992
H1993
• 1994 Projected
HI 995 Projected
m
m
Recycled Recycled Energy Energy Treated
On-slte Off-site Recovery Recovery On-site
On-slte Off-site
Trecrted Quantity Total
Off-site Released Production-
Related
. Waste
Figure 14. TRI Data Collected Under the Pollution Prevention Act for 33/50 Program Chemicals, by Management
Type, Actual and Projected, 1991-1995.
29
-------
I I
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Report
Recycled
On-slte
Recycled
Off-site
Energy Recovery
On-slte
Energy Recovery
Off-site
Treated On-slte
Treated Off-site
Quantity.Released
-40 -30
-20 -10 0 10 20
Percentage Change
40 50
Figure 15. Percentage Change in Waste Management Practices, 33/50 Program Chemicals, 1988-1993.
1C1 Illliillllii I'1' "i, .1 : ,
•Till iliilL.'iliiV • ;r ;,,,
lips i'l. {.'::Hi>:,!viVi •, !! :,l
i?!!!" ""i';in" "•">?'"-' '• 'if
iiiiiiiujiilill 1, I ;•-!,;;_ ii >: :ii ' 3:
iiitiiwi .i1 ."i I'i1 lui!,,, <• \''i< '" ii ', iv
:ii;!!!:n, in
: ;ȣ!;,
30
-------
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Report
Table 9. Number of TRI Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity, by 33/50 Program Chemical, 1991-1993.
CAS
Number
71-43-2
56-23-5
67-66-3
75-09-2
78-93-3
108-10-1
127-18-4
108-88-3
71-55-6
79-01-6
Si
Chemical
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichlorome thane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1 , 1 , 1 -Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene . .
Xylenes
Cadmium
and cadmium compounds
Chromium
and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
'Lead and lead compounds
Mercury
and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
Total for All Other TRI Chemicals
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activities
Number of TRI
Forms
1991
486
102
183
1,293
2,570
1,041
573
3,928
3,699
723
3790
217
3054
313
1803
56
2369
26,200
58,591
. 84,791
1992
474
90
180
1,131
2,481
1,027
512
3,770
3,178
675
3650
186
3045
293
: .1689 •
39
2380
24,800
57,473
82,273
1993
469
74
175
1,065
2,418
1,006
474
3,569
2,073
772
3,562
177
3,107
292
. 1,655
35
2,459
23,382
56,605
79,987
1991
156
29
67
524
970
385
215
1,501
1,616
291
1368
61
602
93
486
12
379
8,755
12,995
21,750
Number
1992
154
27
62
419
911
360
191
1,443
1,494
248
1318
64 '
565
86
442
8
352
8,144
12,508
20,652
1993
143
18
54
380
904
338
• 175
1,376
1,154
285» '
1,281
63
567
78
427
10
386
7,639
12,093
19,732
1991
32.1
28.4
36.6
40.5
37.7
37.0
37.5
38.2
43.7
40.2
36.1
28.1
19.7
29.7
27.0
21.4
16.0
33.4
22.2
25.7
Percent of
AH Forms
1992
32.5
30.0
34.4
37.0
36.7
35.1
37.3
38.3
47.0
36.7
36.1
- 34.4'
18.6
29.4
26.2
20.5
14.8
32.8
21.8
25.1
1993
30.5
24.3
30.9
35.7
37.4
33.6
36.9
38.6
55.7
36.9
36.0
35.6
18.2
26.7
25.8
28.6
15.7
32.7
21.4
24.7
Form Rs reporting that a source reduction
activity was implemented during 1993, nearly
40% (7,639) were for the 17 33/50 Program
chemicals, even though Program chemicals
account for only 30% of total TRI Form Rs.
One-third of the Form Rs for 33/50 Program
chemicals reported the occurrence of source
reduction, compared to slightly more than one-
fifth of the forms for other TRI chemicals.
Individual 33/50 Program chemicals had some
of the highest rates of reporting on source
reduction. Four of the five TRI chemicals with
the greatest number of Form Rs reporting source
reduction are 33/50 Program chemicals [toluene,
xylene (mixed isomers), 1,1,1-trichloroethane,
and methyl ethyl ketone]. The high ranking for
33/50 Program chemicals is partially due to the
fact that they rank among the highest TRI
chemicals in total number of Form Rs
submitted, but they also evidenced some of the
highest percentages of Form R submissions
indicating source reduction. Among 33/50
Program chemicals, the highest was 1,1,1-
trichloroethane, with 56% of its TRI forms
indicating source reduction activity.
Twelve 33/50 Program chemicals are among the
top 50 TRI chemicals for numbers of forms
reporting source reduction. Of these, organic
chemicals generally evidenced higher percent-
ages of Form Rs reporting source reduction than
did the metals, ranging from 24% to 56% for the
eleven organic chemicals and from 16% to 36%
for the metals.
For the period 1991-1993, source reduction
activity reporting has declined both in absolute
terms, due mostly to reductions in total Form Rs
submitted to TRI, and in percentage terms,
31
-------
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Report
Table 10. Number of TRI Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity, by Category, by Chemical, 1993
CAS
Number
71-43-2
56-23-5
67-66-3
75-09-2
78-93-3
108-10-1
127-18-4
108-88-3
71-55-6
79-01-6
'
Chemical
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mcrcuiy and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
Total for All Other TRI Chemicals
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Forms Reporting per Category of Source Reduction Activity
Good
Operating
Practices
Number
64
6
13
164
448
181
94
648
350
128
584
19
302
29
216
1
221
3,468
6,108
9,576
Inventory
Control
Number
7
1
1
34
161
57
10
198
66
16
182
6
• 76
9
55
0
63
'942
1,507
2,449
Spill
and Leak
Prevention
Number
106
6
11
96
160
69
44
304
106
50
281
. 14
137
10
93
0
75
1,562
4,039
5,601
Raw
Material
Modifi-
cations
Number
9
3
19
113
239
73
23
364
361
18
287
25
115
10
132
3
55
1,849
1,989
3,838
Process
Modifi-
cations
Number
84
9
39
1,17
262
. 124
43
404
183
56
380
28
219
50
175
6
166
2,345
4,729
7,074
Surface
Cleaning Preparation
and and
Degreasing Finishing
Number Number
7
1
0
89
111
35
59
132
579
178
104
2
39
15
8
0
.34
1,393
1,002
2,395
2
0
0
21
268
100
5
426
104
6
464
1
24
1
. 9
0
14
.1,445
872
2,317
Product
Modifi-
cations
Number
3
0
0
43
108
46
14
168
116
16
139
16
53
4
65
2
31
824
874
1,698
though only marginally (1% from 1991-1993).
Similar patterns are observed for both 33/50 and
non-33/50 Program chemicals.
i it
Facilities described the type of source reduction
activity that they implemented for each
chemical (see Table 10). 33/50 Program
chemicals as a group did not differ significantly
from, other TRI chernicals in the types of
activities employed Improvement in facility
operating practices is the most common
approach.
Methods Used to Identify
Source Reduction Opportunities
Table 11 summarizes faciUty reporting of source
reduction activity identification methods for
each of the 17 33/50 Program chemicals in
1993. Here again, facilities did not seem to treat
Program chemicals differently than other TRI
chemicals in their search for source reduction
opportunities, although the data do show a
somewhat greater reliance on assistance from
federal programs, industry associations, and
^vendors in the case of 33/50 Program chemicals
compared to other TRI chemicals.
32
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iii i iii iii Hi 11 iiiiini iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii 11 iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii i^^ ttiit i ii iii in i in in in iii 11 iiiiiiiiiiiii i iii i
i ^ iii inn i 11 i«|i«
in* ill ' |l HI i ill lilli)llli|l||iill in it illll |l>il llii! lill I'Hiliiiliili Hi 'IHIII vm> *,i - I-•>», liiiilil: -' in 11 It
I I I
11 (I iiiii.
-------
LOOKING TO THE FUTURE:
AN AGENDA FOR ACTION
Many people think that the 33/50 Program ends
at the end of 1995, since its ultimate national
50% reduction goal is targeted for 1995.
However, public release of 1995 TRI data, used
to monitor companies' and the Program's
progress in meeting our goals, will not occur
until the spring of 1997. Accordingly, EPA's
administration of the 33/50 Program will
continue well beyond 1995, guided by an
ambitious agenda.
Recognizing Companies'
33/50 Program Achievements
EPA offers public recognition to companies to
encourage them to participate in the 33/50
Program and to undertake pollution reduction
activities. All participants receive Certificates
of Appreciation upon enrollment. Last year, in
conjunction with the announcement that the
Program's 1992 interim 33% reduction goal had
been exceeded by nearly 100 million pounds,
more than 300 companies were singled out to
receive Certificates of Environmental
Achievement for reducing releases and transfers
of Program chemicals either by 100% or by
more than 1 million pounds.
As the Program approaches its ultimate 50%
reduction goal, the Agency is assessing options
for commending companies for their reduction
achievements. One option is to recognize all
companies that achieve their own written
reduction pledges. Another is to single out
companies .that achieve substantial reductions.
A major concern that has been raised regarding
both of these options is that TRI does not
explain whether reductions are the result of real
changes in facility operations (vs. changes in
release estimating procedures, plant closures,
etc.) nor how real reductions were achieved.
33fSO Program: Sixth Progress Report
Addressing such concerns may require EPA to
verify reductions in conjunction with
recognizing company 33/50 Program
achievements.
33/50 Program Awards
EPA is working with a panel of representatives
from industry, states, and environmental groups
to determine whether 33/50 Program Awards
should be issued to a select set of companies
whose pollution reduction achievements could
be considered truly remarkable. Concerns have
been raised, however, that such a selection
process might unfairly stigmatize those
/companies not receiving the awards. Other
concerns address the issue of reviewing and
verifying award nominations.
One idea being considered by this panel is to
encourage companies to submit 33/50 program
Success Stories detailing the ways in which they
achieved significant reductions in emissions of
the target chemicals. Such Success Stories
could be reviewed and distributed by EPA,
providing a wealth of "how-to" information for
other companies to draw on in reducing their
own wastes. EPA has already produced a series
of 33/50 Program Company Reduction Profiles,
and more are scheduled for release this spring.
However, asking companies to nominate then-
own Success Stories for recognition by EPA
would broaden substantially the coverage of this
information.
These and other recognition options are being
explored. Recognition of some type will be
made at a major 33/50 Program Conference
timed to celebrate achievement of the Program's
50% reduction goal.
Decisions on categories, criteria, and
nomination procedures will be announced in the
summer of 1995.
33
-------
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Report
Table 11. Methods Used to Identify Source Reduction Activity, by 33/50 Program Chemical, 1993.
CAS
Number Chemical
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichlororoethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobntyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and .
nickel compounds
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
Total for All Other TRI Chemicals
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Forms Reporting
Source Reduction
Activities
Number
143
18
54
380
904
338
175
1,376
1,154
285
1,281
63
567
78
427
1Q
386
7,639
12,093
19,732
Pollution Prevention
Opportunity Audit
Internal External
Number Number
79
7
15
146 .
326
134
82
515 '
444
118
483
25
215
35
163
3
130
2,925
4,788
7,713 •
9
0
2
17
49
21
9
65
58
21
55
• 2
28
2
29
2
14
383
536
919
Materials
Balance
Audit
Number
12
2
5
46
147
48
26
180
108
36
152
10
97
9
53
1
72
1,004
1,568
2,572
Participative
Team
Management
Number
44
4
27
171
440
174
77
621
515
125
561
25
295
38
223
5 '
218
3,563
5,791
9,354
Employee
Recommendation
Informal
Number
23
2
6
73
171
64
30
234
149
49
229
8
100
15
85
1
79
1,318
2,177
3,495
Formal
Program
Number
24
3
6
36
100
47
15
149
105
22
154
10
65
2
•44
: 3
34
819
1,326
2,145
33/SiO—-The Next Generation
=~':.-::; ~ "As calendar year 1995—the 33/50 Program's •
;;;;;:«,;;;;:,,;;; ,,,,;„:;;j,;,;,;fina!, year—proceeds, EPA increasingly is being
!!!== :, i:is.s?:, ;?!;,!::• asked what, if anything, it plans to do as a
; follow-up. A general consensus has emerged
• HOW should a next-generation 33/50
Program be designed?
This decision-making process will conclude
with a formal announcement in the summer of
1995.
that voluntary partnerships between government
IIW* ''i f'fv:'.'"S*E '' 'MtJ'fSSSSiSSSSi, IB" "i™ ". j i « y- i - .1: ' •
gjg» j :;|j :;•»•: and industry can be effective in promoting
^m'; »«^.pollution prevention." However, perspectives
1^= ! T;T '•!:="differ on" both thp need for and the design of a
riexi generation of the 33/50 Program.
illillinilll lll'i'i" '.it" i HI il'iiuWT' i,1'!1!, .'.J Mill
HL:,::1!:1!!'1!,:,!!!:! "' '„",!,:•,'" ': 31!1' ' „'!,:,' ' ' ' | |
EPA has been spearheaduig pubh'c discussion
on the prospects for a next generation voluntary
*£?.,. ^ | .^gi'piogram'.1 •j^elllQ|jj'e^:j|^e'lljg "jo" oJafainlnput from
'"*' !l'**"V"!li"'"'ylm:dustry, env^gmgn-ja^iiiigr()U'p5j"gjji^ens> states, -
and other constituencies; on two basic questions:
^»;if'r;Ti^ *'"'::';. Should there be a next, generation of the
is'iiiti'ii ;;!'i';• W50 Program? " ' :
>,| , ,i Hi'irilhii , ' ' O
34
Call for Comments
Anyone interested in offering suggestions
or commenting on company recognition
options, 33/50 Program Awards, or prospects
for a next-generation voluntary environmental
partnership program is (encouraged to call or
write the 33/50 Program staff at the phone
numbers and addresses provided at the end of
this report.
( 1
-------
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Report
Table 11.
Chemical
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1 , 1 , 1 -Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylcne . • '-
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
Total for All Other TRI Chemicals
Total for All TRI Chemicals
State
Program
Number
2
0
0
2
17
7
4
23
19
9
. 26
0
5
1
3
0
3
121
138
259
Federal
Program
•Number
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
5-
• 17
0
4
0
1
0
1
0
1
•
32
-40
72.
Trade/
Industry
Program
Number
9
1
3
16
63
20
13
101
85
13
. 92
3
29
5
30
0
20 .
503
686 '
1,189
Vendor
Assistance
Number
17
0
4
90
311
102
50
501
417
77
466
13
134
26
91
0
65
2,364
2,652
5,016
Other
Number
56
7
21
84
159
60
29
273
241
51 •
256
20
96
10
107
. 1
73
1,544
2,372
3,916
35
-------
33/50 Program: Sixth Progress Report
FOR MORE INFORMATION....
i ' i
Companies' written communications with the
33/50 Program are available to the public along
with, a variety of Program information materials,
including computer-generated lists of
participating companies. Anyone interested in
obtaining additional information about the 33/50
Program can do so by calling EPA's TSCA
Assistance Hotline at (202) 554-1404 Monday
through Friday between 8:30 a.m. and 5:00 p.m.
EST. Or contact the 33/50 Program staff
dkectly at EPA headquarters at (202) 260-6907
-
..... „__. ..... ££-7408, Office"
of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, U.S. EPA,
401 M Street, SW., Washington, DC 20460.
Program staff can also be reached via fax at
(202) 401-8 142, or via me Internet at
BURNS.MIKE@EPAWiAIL.EPA.GOV.
Information about the 33/50 Program can also
be obtained from 33/50 Program Coordinators
hi EPA's 10 Regional Offices:
US HPA- Region I
(MS: ATR) " ''
1 Congress Street
Boston, MA 02203
PH#: (617) 565-4502
FAX: (617)565-4939
US EPA - Region n
(MS: 105)
2890'Woodbridge Ave, Bldg. 10
Edison, NJ 08837
PH#: (908)906-6815
FAX: ($08)321^6788
US EPA-Region HI
(MS: 3AT01)
841 Chestnut Bldg
Philadelphia, PA 19107
PH#: (215)597-9302
FAX: (215)580-2011
US EPA - Region IV
345 Courtland Street, NE
AtlaniarGA 30315
PH#: ,(4047347-1033 •
:'::
US EPA - Region V
(MS: SP-14J)
77 W. Jackson Blvd. '
Chicago, IL 60604
PH#: (312) 886-6219
FAX: (312)353-4342
US EPA - Region VI
""(MS: 6T-PT)
1445 Ross Avenue
Dallas, TX 75202
PH#: (214)665-7582
FAX: (214)665-2164
US EPA-Region VH
(MS: ARTX)
726 Minnesota Avenue
Kansas City, KS 66101
PH#: (913)551-7315
FAX: (913)551-7065
,; .,,.,.,,,,,.« ,! vi.-: •..,•: .|.'.
US EPA - Region VIE
(MS: 8ART-AP)
999 - 18th St., Suite 600
Denver, CO 80202-2405
PH#: (303)294-7684
FAX: (303)293-1229
i
I i '
US EPA - Region DC
(MS: A-4-3)
75 Hawthorne Street
San Francisco, CA 94105"
PH#: (415)744-1061
FAX: (415)744-1073
' (i i i '
US EPA-RegionX
(MS: AT-083)
1206 - 6th Avenue
Seattle, WA 98101
PH#: (206)553-4762
FAX: (206)553-8338
36
I"
I. '
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