inv(rortmenfal Protecfion
Agency " '--*/
.Office of Pollution"
revention and Toxres
fTS-799) , '. , ."
>
EPA745-R-93-OOS
>EPA
ISBk*
1991
Toxics Release
Inventory
' ;'-: '..'-'- --
Public Data Release
-I
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T-J5R93QP3
1991
Toxics Release
Inventory
Public Data Release
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics (TS-779)
Washington, D.C. 20460
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Contents
1991 TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY PUBLIC DATA RELEASE
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY- 1
1991 Toxics RELEASE INVENTORY PUBLIC DATA RELEASE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3
1991 TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY PUBLIC DATA RELEASE
INTRODUCTION - 7
1991 Toxics RELEASE INVENTORY PUBLIC DATA RELEASE INTRODUCTION 9
WHAT is THE Toxics RELEASE INVENTORY? 9
WHO MUST REPORT? 9
WHAT MUST BE REPORTED? 10
WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS AND USES OF THE DATA? 10
WHAT ARE THE LIMITATIONS OF THE DATA? ' 11
How CAN I OBTAIN ADDITIONAL TRI INFORMATION? 11
CHAPTER! 1991 TRI RELEASES AND TRANSFERS 13
1991 TRI RELEASES AND TRANSFERS 15
TRI CHEMICALS NEWLY LISTED FOR 1991 16
AN EXPLANATION OF RELEASES AND TRANSFERS ' 16
Releases 16
Off-site Transfers 17
WHAT TO CONSIDER WHEN USING TRI DATA ; - 19
TABLE 1-1 TRI RELEASES, 1991 22
FIGURE 1-1 TRI RELEASES, 1991 .- 22
TABLE 1-2 TRI TRANSFERS, 1991 23
FIGURE 1-2 TRI TRANSFERS, 1991 , 23
1991 Releases and Transfers by State...... 25
FIGURE 1-3 TRI RELEASES BY STATE, 1991 26
FIGURE 1-4 TRI TRANSFERS BY STATE, 1991 27
TABLE 1-3 TRI RELEASES BY STATE, 1991 (ALPHABETICALLY ORDERED) 28
TABLE 1-4 TRI TRANSFERS BY STATE, 1991 (ALPHABETICALLY ORDERED) 29
TABLE 1-5 TRI RELEASES BY STATE, 1991 (ORDERED BY TOTAL RELEASE) : 30
TABLE 1 -6 TRI RELEASES TO AIR, WATER, AND LAND BY STATE, 1991
(ORDERED BY TOTAL AIR/WATER/LAND RELEASE) -. 31
TABLE 1-7 RECEIPT OF TRI CHEMICALS IN WASTES FROM Our OF STATE, 1991 32
TABLE 1-8 TRANSFERS OF TRI CHEMICALS IN WASTES OUT OF STATE, 1991 33
TABLE 1-9 TRANSFERS OF TRI CHEMICALS IN WASTES WITHIN A STATE, 1991 34
in
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1991 Releases and Transfers by Chemical 35
TABLE 1-10 TOP 50 CHEMICALS FOR LARGEST RELEASES, 1991 36
TABLE 1-11 THE 15 CHEMICALS WITH THE LARGEST EMISSIONS TO AIR, 1991 37
TABLE 1-12 THE 15 CHEMICALS WITH THE LARGEST DISCHARGES
TO SURFACE WATER, 1991 - j---' 37
TABLE 1-13 THE 15 CHEMICALS WITH THE LARGEST UNDERGROUND INJECTION, 1991 38
TABLE 1-14 THE 15 CHEMICALS WITH THE LARGEST RELEASES TO LAND, 1991 38
TABLE 1-15 THE 15 CHEMICALS WITH THE LARGEST TRANSFERS TO j
PUBLICLY OWNED TREATMENT WORKS, 1991 ! 39
TABLE 1-16 THE 15 CHEMICALS WITH THE LARGEST OFF-SITE TRANSFERS
FOR TREATMENT, 1991
TABLE 1-17 THE 15 CHEMICALS WITH THE LARGEST OFF-SITE TRANSFERS !
FOR DISPOSAL, 1991 t 40
TABLE 1-18 THE 15 CHEMICALS WITH THE LARGEST OFF-SITE TRANSFERS \
FOR ENERGY RECOVERY, 1991 , ; 40
TABLE 1-19 THE 15 CHEMICALS WITH THE LARGEST OFF-SITE TRANSFERS i
FOR RECYCLING, 1991 ? 41
TABLE 1-20 RELEASES AND TRANSFERS OF ALL TRI CHEMICALS, 1991 j
(ALPHABETICALLY ORDERED) \ 42
1991 Releases and Transfers by Industry 4 53
TABLE 1-21 TRI RELEASES BY INDUSTRY, 1991 |. 54
TABLE 1-22 TRI TRANSFERS BY INDUSTRY, 1991 f 55
FIGURE 1-5 TRI RELEASES AND TRANSFERS BY INDUSTRY, 1991 56
TABLE 1-23 TOP 50 TRI FACILITIES WITH LARGEST RELEASES, 1991 \ 57
TABLE 1-24 TOP 10 PARENT COMPANIES WITH LARGEST RELEASES, 1991 ! '58
1991 Releases and Transfers of Highlighted Chemicals. .i. 59
METALS AND METAL COMPOUNDS !-. 60
FIGURE 1-6 RELEASES OF TRI METALS AND METAL COMPOUNDS, 1991 ' 61
FIGURE 1-7 TRANSFERS OF TRI METALS AND METAL COMPOUNDS, 1991 ; 61
TABLE 1-25 RELEASES OF TRI METALS AND METAL COMPOUNDS, 1991 > -62
TABLE 1-26 TRANSFERS OF TRI METALS AND METAL COMPOUNDS, 1991 p-- ^63
OZONE DEPLETERS ! : 64
FIGURE 1-8 TRI RELEASES TO AIR OF OZONE DEPLETERS, 1991 1- 65
TABLE 1-27 TRI RELEASES OF OZONE DEPLETERS, 1991 \ 66
FIGURE 1-9 TRI RELEASES OF OZONE DEPLETERS TO AIR, BY CHEMICAL, 1991 > 66
TABLE 1-28 TRI TRANSFERS OF OZONE DEPLETERS, 1991 |- 67
FIGURE 1-10 TRI TRANSFERS OF OZONE DEPLETERS, 1991 ! --67
BIOACCUMULATORS j 68
TABLE 1-29 TRI RELEASES OF BIOACCUMULATORS TO AIR, WATER, AND LAND, 1991 70
FIGURE 1-11 TRI RELEASES OF BIOACCUMULATORS TO AIR, WATER, AND LAND, 1^91 71
CARCINOGENS , j 72
Clarification of the Basis for Carcinogen Listings ;
on the EPCRA Section 313 List of Toxic Chemicals : 72
IV
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Contents
FIGURE 1-12 TRI RELEASES OF CARCINOGENS TO AIR, 1991 73
FIGURE 1-13 TRI RELEASES OF CARCINOGENS TO SURFACE WATER, 1991 74
FIGURE 1-14 TRI RELEASES OF CARCINOGENS TO LAND, 1991 75
TABLE 1 -30 TRI RELEASES OF KNOWN OR SUSPECT CARCINOGENS
TO AIR, SURFACE WATER, AND LAND, 1991 76
CHAPTER 2 INFORMATION ON THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT
OF TOXIC CHEMICALS IN WASTES 81
INFORMATION ON THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF Toxic CHEMICALS IN WASTE 83
FIGURE 2-1 Toxics RELEASE INVENTORY, 1987-1990 84
FIGURE 2-2 Toxics RELEASE INVENTORY, 1991 85
FIGURE 2-3 WASTE MANAGEMENT HIERARCHY 86
FIGURE 2-4 QUANTITIES REPORTED BY MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUE, 1991 87
DATA REQUIRED BY THE POLLUTION PREVENTION ACT (PPA) 88
TABLE 2-1 TRI DATA COLLECTED UNDER THE POLLUTION PREVENTION ACT,
NATIONAL SUMMARY, 1991 91
TABLE 2-2 TRI DATA COLLECTED UNDER THE POLLUTION PREVENTION ACT,
FORMS REPORTING CONSISTENT DATA, NATIONAL SUMMARY, 1991 91
TABLE 2-3 TRI DATA COLLECTED UNDER THE POLLUTION PREVENTION ACT,
BY STATE, 1991 92
TABLE 2-4 TRI DATA COLLECTED UNDER THE POLLUTION PREVENTION ACT,
BY INDUSTRY, 1991 94
TABLE 2-5 TRI DATA COLLECTED UNDER THE POLLUTION PREVENTION ACT,
BY CHEMICAL, 1991 - 96
TABLE 2-6 TOP 25 TRI CHEMICALS REPORTED AS RECYCLED, 1991 109
TABLE 2-7 TOP 25 TRI CHEMICALS REPORTED AS COMBUSTED
FOR ENERGY RECOVERY, 1991 110
TABLE 2-8 TOP 25 TRI CHEMICALS REPORTED AS TREATED, 1991 111
TABLE 2-9 TOP 25 TRI CHEMICALS REPORTED AS RELEASED, 1991 112
ISSUES ASSOCIATED WITH THE NEW INFORMATION REQUIRED ON FORM R 113
FIGURE 2-5 RELATIONSHIP OF DATA FROM VARIOUS FORM R SECTIONS 114
WHAT is BEING DONE TO REDUCE THESE WASTES? 115
WHAT is POLLUTION PREVENTION? ' , 116
TABLE 2-10 METHODS USED TO IDENTIFY SOURCE REDUCTION ACTIVITY FOR
EACH SOURCE REDUCTION ACTIVITY, 1991 : 118
TABLE 2-11 NUMBER OF TRI FACILITIES AND FORMS REPORTING SOURCE REDUCTION,
BY SOURCE REDUCTION CATEGORY, BY STATE, 1991 120
TABLE 2-12 METHODS USED TO IDENTIFY REPORTED SOURCE REDUCTION ACTIVITIES,
BY STATE, 1991 122
TABLE 2-13 NUMBER OF FORMS REPORTING SOURCE REDUCTION,
BY SOURCE REDUCTION CATEGORY, BY INDUSTRY, 1991 124
TABLE 2-14 METHODS USED TO IDENTIFY REPORTED SOURCE REDUCTION ACTIVITIES,
BY INDUSTRY, 1991 : 126
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TABLE 2-15 NUMBER OF FORMS REPORTING SOURCE REDUCTION, BY SOURCE REDUCTION
CATEGORY, FOR THE TOP 50 TRI CHEMICALS BY NUMBER OF FORMS
REPORTING SOURCE REDUCTION ACTIVITIES, 1991 128
TABLE 2-16 METHODS USED TO IDENTIFY SOURCE REDUCTION ACTIVITIES
FOR THE TOP 50 CHEMICALS BY NUMBER OF FORMS REPORTING
SOURCE REDUCTION ACTIVITIES, 1991 ' 130
ASSESSMENT OF PROGRESS IN SOURCE REDUCTION [ 132
CALCULATING AN INDICATOR OF CHANGES IN QUANTITIES OF Toxic CHEMICALS IN WASTES 132
TABLE 2-17 DISTRIBUTION OF PRODUCTION INDEX \ 133
CHANGES IN QUANTITIES OF Toxic CHEMICALS IN WASTES AT THE NATIONAL LEVEL --r 136
TABLE 2-18 CHANGE IN QUANTITIES OF Toxic CHEMICALS IN WASTES FROM 1990| TO 1991
FOR FACILITIES REPORTING SOURCE REDUCTION ACTIVITIES ! 137
TABLE 2-19 CHANGE IN QUANTITIES OF Toxic CHEMICALS IN WASTES FROM 1990! TO 1991
FOR FACILITIES NOT REPORTING SOURCE REDUCTION ACTIVITIES I- 137
CHAPTER 3 1988 TO 1991 COMPARISON YEAR DATA j- 141
1988 TO 1991 COMPARISON YEAR DATA |- 143
INTRODUCTION ;- 143
Baseline Year. j....: 143
Chemical List Changes j 143
Threshold Changes ;...' 143
1988 TO 1991 DATA COMPARISONS : 144
1988 to 1991 Releases and Transfers ;... 144
TABLE 3-1 COMPARISON OF TRI RELEASES AND TRANSFERS, 1988 -1991 \ 144
FIGURE 3-1 TRI RELEASES AND TRANSFERS, 1988-1991 -i 145
1988 to 1991 Number of Facilities and Forms !..., 146
1990 to 1991 Data Comparisons j 147
TABLE 3-2 COMPARISON OF TRI RELEASES AND TRANSFERS, 1990 -1991 147
1990 TO 1991 RELEASES AND TRANSFERS ' 148
Releases , ...[ 148
Transfers .j 149
1990 to 1991 Number of Forms J 150
1990 to 1991 Number of Facilities ]... 150
1991 TRI TOP DECREASERS IN TOTAL RELEASES ; 152
TABLE 3-3 TOP 50 TRI FACILITIES WITH GREATEST DECREASE IN RELEASES !
FROM 1990 TO 1991 -v 154
1991 TRI TOP INCREASERS IN TOTAL RELEASES j 156
TABLE 3-4 TOP 50 TRI FACILITIES WITH GREATEST INCREASE IN RELEASES :
FROM 1990 TO 1991 ! 158
REASONS FACILFTIES REPORT ONE YEAR BUT NOT ANOTHER \ 160
REASONS FACILITY RELEASE/TRANSFER ESTIMATES CHANGE ; 160
Real Changes 1 160
"Paper" Changes 162
ASSESSING THE COMPARATIVE IMPACT OF VARIOUS REASONS FOR CHANGE i: 163
VI
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Contents
TRI RELEASES AND TRANSFERS COMPARED TO VALUE OF SHIPMENTS DATA 164
TABLE 3-5 RATIO OF SHIPMENTS TO TRI RELEASES AND TRANSFERS
FOR MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES, 1988 -1991 . 166
TABLE 3-6 GROWTH RATES IN RATIO OF SHIPMENTS TO RELEASES AND TRANSFERS
FOR MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES, 1988 -1991 168
1988 - 1991 Releases and Transfers by State. ...173
FIGURE 3-2 TRI RELEASES BY STATE, PERCENT CHANGE, 1990-1991 174
FIGURE 3-3 TRI TRANSFERS BY STATE, PERCENT CHANGE, 1990-1991 175
TABLE 3-7 TRI RELEASES AND TRANSFERS BY STATE, 1988-1991 176
/
1988 - 1991 Releases and Transfers by Chemical.... ...187
TABLE 3-8 RELEASES AND TRANSFERS OF ALL TRI CHEMICALS, 1988-199 ! 188
1988 - 1991 Releases and Transfers by Industry 233
TABLE 3-9 TRI RELEASES AND TRANSFERS BY INDUSTRY, 1988-1991 234
CHAPTER 4 TRI REPORTING PROFILES
FOR 33/50 PROGRAM CHEMICALS 241
TRI REPORTING PROFILES FOR 33/50 PROGRAM CHEMICALS 243
INTRODUCTION -243
1992 INTERIM GOAL OF 33/50 PROGRAM ACHIEVED ONE YEAR EARLY 243
FIGURE 4-1 TRI RELEASES AND TRANSFERS
OF 33/50 PROGRAM CHEMICALS, 1988 -1991 244
Exclusions of New TRI Reporting Data ....244
Company Participation in the 33/50 Program 245
17 Priority Chemicals Targeted by the 33/50 Program 245
33/50 PROGRAM RELEASES AND TRANSFERS, 1988-1991 --246
FIGURE 4-2 33/50 PROGRAM COMMITMENT STATUS, MARCH 1993 ; 247
33/50 Program Chemical Reductions versus Reductions for Other TRI Chemicals.248
FIGURE 4-3 RELEASES AND TRANSFERS OF 33/50 PROGRAM CHEMICALS
COMPARED TO OTHER TRI CHEMICALS, 1988-1991 " ' 249
TABLE 4-1 RELEASES AND TRANSFERS OF 33/50 PROGRAM CHEMICALS
COMPARED TO OTHER TRI CHEMICALS, 1988-1991 " 249
TABLE 4-2 TRI RELEASES AND TRANSFERS OF 33/50 CHEMICALS, 1988-1991 250
FIGURE 4-4 TOTAL TRI RELEASES AND TRANSFERS OF 33/50 PROGRAM CHEMICALS,
BY ON-SITE RELEASE MEDIUM/TRANSFER MANAGEMENT TYPE, 1988 -1991 254
33/50 Program Chemical Releases and Transfers, by Medium and by Chemica254
FIGURE 4-5 TOTAL TRI RELEASES AND TRANSFERS OF 33/50 PROGRAM CHEMICALS,
BY CHEMICAL, 1988 -1991 -,- 255
TABLE 4-3 TRI RELEASES OF 33/50 CHEMICALS, 1991 256
TRI POLLUTION PREVENTION ACT DATA FOR 33/50 PROGRAM CHEMICALS 256
TABLE 4-4 TRI TRANSFERS OF 33/50 CHEMICALS, 1991 257
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33/50 Transfers to Energy Recovery and Recycling j, 257
Management of 33/50 Program Chemicals in Wastes .1 258
TABLE 4-5 TRI DATA COLLECTED UNDER THE POLLUTION PREVENTION ACT j
FOR 33/50 CHEMICALS, 1990 -1993: QUANTITY RECYCLED j 259
TABLE 4-6 TRI DATA COLLECTED UNDER THE POLLUTION PREVENTION ACT j
FOR 33/50 CHEMICALS, 1990-1993: QUANTITY USED ;
FOR ENERGY RECOVERY--- 260
TABLE 4-7 TRI DATA COLLECTED UNDER THE POLLUTION PREVENTION ACT
FOR 33/50 CHEMICALS, 1990-1993: QUANTITY TREATED j- 261
TABLE 4-8 TRI DATA COLLECTED UNDER THE POLLUTION PREVENTION ACT j
FOR 33/50 CHEMICALS, 1990 -1993: QUANTITY RELEASED-- I .-262
TABLE 4-9 TRI DATA COLLECTED UNDER THE POLLUTION PREVENTION ACT i
FOR 33/50 CHEMICALS, 1990 -1993: TOTAL WASTES {."........._ 263
FIGURE 4-6 NEW REPORTING UNDER THE POLLUTION PREVENTION ACT IN 1991
FOR 33/50 PROGRAM CHEMICALS ; -I 264
FIGURE 4-7 TRI DATA COLLECTED UNDER THE POLLUTION PREVENTION ACT j
FOR 33/50 PROGRAM CHEMICALS, BY MANAGEMENT OPTION, 1990 -1993 266
FIGURE 4-8 TOTAL PRODUCTION WASTES FOR 33/50 PROGRAM CHEMICALS, \ ,
BY CHEMICAL, 1990-1993 ; 267
TABLE 4-10 NUMBER OF FORMS REPORTING SOURCE REDUCTION, j
BY SOURCE REDUCTION CATEGORY, BY CHEMICAL, 1991 268
Source Reduction Reporting for 33/50 Program Chemicals i... 268
TABLE 4-11 METHODS USED TO IDENTIFY SOURCE REDUCTION ACTIVITY, !
BY CHEMICAL, 1991 ; 270
LOOKING TO THE FUTURE: AN AGENDA FOR ACTION j 272
FOR MORE INFORMATION j 272
i
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1991 TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY PUBLIC DATA RELEASE
APPENDICES i -275
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT THE 1991 Toxics RELEASE INVENTORY (TRI) DATA 277
GENERAL AND CROSS-MEDIA QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ! 277
POLLUTION PREVENTION QUESTIONS : j 285
EXPOSURE AND HEALTH EFFECTS QUESTIONS ] 290
COMPLIANCE AND ENFORCEMENT QUESTIONS | 293
33/50 PROGRAM QUESTIONS 294
AIR QUESTIONS i 295
WATER QUESTIONS j 298
UNDERGROUND INJECTION QUESTIONS i 304
SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE QUESTIONS . - 305
VIII
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Contents
PUBLIC ACCESS TO THE Toxics RELEASE INVENTORY ; -309
NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE (NLM): ONLINE ACCESS -313
Toxic RELEASE INVENTORY USER SUPPORT SERVICE (TRI-US) 314
RTK NET (RIGHT-TO-KNOW COMPUTER NETWORK) 315
Toxics RELEASE INVENTORY DATA QUALITY PROGRAM 316
IDENTIFICATION AND ASSISTANCE TO FACILITIES 316
DATA ENTRY QUALITY ACTIVITIES --316
NORMALIZATION OF DATA --316
CORRECTING FORM R ERRORS : ---317
ACCURACY EVALUATION 317
SUMMARY OF EPA PROGRAM OFFICE, REGIONAL OFFICE, AND
STATE USES OF Toxics RELEASE INVENTORY DATA 319
OFFICE OF AIR AND RADIATION (OAR) 319
OFFICE OF POLLUTION PREVENTION AND Toxics (OPPT) 320
OFFICE OF ENFORCEMENT (OE) AND OFFICE OF COMPLIANCE MONITORING (OCM) --321
OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE (OSWER) 322
OFFICE OF WATER (OW)-- 322
EPA REGIONAL USE OF TRI DATA -323
STATE USE OF TRI DATA --324
POTENTIAL HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF FIFTEEN HIGH RELEASE
TRI CHEMICALS AND TRI OZONE-DEPLETING CHEMICALS 326
TABLE A-1 POTENTIAL ADVERSE HUMAN HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
OF THE TOP FIFTEEN RELEASED TRI CHEMICALS (1991) -. 333
TABLE A-2 DRINKING WATER HEALTH ADVISORIES/MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT LEVELS AND
AIR STANDARDS FOR THE TOP FIFTEEN RELEASED TRI CHEMICALS (1991) 334
OZONE DEPLETERS 335
HealthEffects 335
Environmental Effects 335
TRI CHEMICALS IN OTHER FEDERAL PROGRAMS: REGULATORY MATRIX 336
Toxics RELEASE INVENTORY FORM R FOR 1991 346
EPA REGIONAL OFFICE AND STATE EPCRA SECTION 313 CONTACTS -356
EPA REGIONAL EPCRA SECTION 313 COORDINATORS -356
STATES IN EACH REGION ; 357
STATE SECTION 313 CONTACTS 358
IX
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1991 Toxics Release Inventory
Public Data Release
Executive Summary
On-site Releases
and Waste Management
(millions of pounds)
Underground
Injection
710
Recycling
16,379
Treatment
9,783
Land
421
Energy
Recovery
3,187
Off-site
Waste Management*
(millions of pounds)
POTWs**
412
Disposal
299
Recycling
2,354 '
Energy Recovery
438
* 10 million pounds were reported with no off-site
waste management code or an invalid code
** Publicly Owned Treatment Works
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1991 TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY
PUBLIC DATA RELEASE
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The 1991 reporting year marks the fifth year of the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) program.
According to the data, reported releases and transfers of listed toxic chemicals have declined for the
fourth straight year.
Included in the 1991 data for the first time is extensive additional waste management and
pollution prevention data required by the Pollution Prevention Act of 1990. The new data provide a
much more complete picture of waste generation and management than has ever before been avail-
able in TRI, covering not just releases and off-site treatment and disposal, but also recycling, energy
recovery, on-site treatment, and source reduction activities.
Because so many additional types of waste management activities are now reportable under
TRI, the amount of toxic chemicals reported to TRI has increased greatly. The new TRI reports
contain information about nearly 38 billion pounds of toxic chemicals managed or released by
industry in 1991.
This additional data will be an exciting new tool for tracking facility progress in improving
waste management and preventing pollution before it is ever generated.
1991 TRI DATA
1991 releases:
Air releases:'
Water releases:
Underground injection:
Land releases:
1991 transfers:
POTWs*:
Treatment/disposal/other:
Recycling:
Energy recovery:
Number of facilities reporting:
Number of forms filed:
3,385 million pounds
2,010 million
244 million
710 million
421 million
3,865 million pounds
412 million
661 million
2,354 million
438 million
23,719
82,293
* Publicly Owned Treatment Works
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Top states for total release
(air, water, land, and underground injection):
Louisiana: 459 million pounds
Texas: 411 million pounds
Tennessee: 215 million pounds
Ohio: ' 171 million pounds
Indiana: 136 million pounds
Top industries for total release:
Chemicals:
Primary metals:
Paper:
Plastics:
Transportation Equip.:
Top chemicals for total release:
Ammonia:
Hydrochloric acid:
Methanol:
Toluene:
Acetone:
1,550 million pounds
433 million pounds
242 million pounds
152 million pounds
149 million pounds
485 million pounds
288 million pounds
252 million pounds
200 million pounds
165 million pounds
Releases and transfers of metal compounds:
Land releases: 315 million pounds
Transfers for disposal: 159 million pounds
Transfers to recycling: 1,012 million pounds
Releases of carcinogens:
Air releases:
Water releases:
Land releases:
202 million pounds
2 million pounds
8 million pounds
Releases to air of ozone depleters: 207 million pounds
3 million pounds
Releases of bioaccumulators
(air, water, and land):
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1991 TRI Data Release: Executive Summary
POLLUTION PREVENTION ACT DATA
The following are aggregate reported quantities of TRI chemicals in waste. This new report-
ing distinguishes between production-related quantities and those releases that are the result of one-
time or catastrophic events (non-production related quantities). Separating these quantities gives a
clearer picture of what amounts may be amenable to source reduction efforts.
Total production-related quantities in waste:
Recycled on-site:
Recycled off-site:
Energy Recovery on-site:
Energy Recovery off-site:
Treatment on-site:
Treatment off-site:
Quantity Released:
37.8 billion pounds
16.4 billion pounds
3.3 billion pounds
3.2 billion pounds
0.5 billion pounds
9.8 billion pounds
0.9 billion pounds
3.8 billion pounds
Top 5 chemicals for total production-related quantities in wastes:
Sulfuric acid: 7.4 billion pounds
Hydrochloric acid: 2.5 billion pounds
Acetonitrile: 2.5 billion pounds
Methanol: 2.5 billion pounds
Toluene: 1.8 billion pounds
Non-production related quantities in waste: 0.031 billion pounds
Percent
of Total
43%
9%
8%
1%
26%
2%
10%
Facilities reporting source reduction: 8,821
Forms indicating source reduction: 21,381
Most commonly reported source reduction activities:
Percent
of Total
37%
26%
Good operating practices:
Process modifications:
Spill/leak prevention:
Raw material modifications:
Cleaning and degreasing:
9,966 forms
8,030 forms
6,071 forms
4,094 forms
3,093 forms
Most commonly reported methods to identify source reduction activities:
Participative team management: 16,692 occurrences
Internal pollution prevention
opportunity audit: 13,782 occurrences
Informal employee recommendations: 6,911 occurrences
Vendor assistance: 6,910 occurrences
The chemical for which source reduction was reported most frequently was
1,1,1-trichloroethane.
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1988 - 1991 COMPARISON DATA
Comparisons between 1990 and 1991 are made using a normalized data set of all chemicals
reportable in both years. Comparisons between 1988 and 1991 are made using a normalized data set
of only those chemicals reportable in all years 1988-1991. Although 1987 was this first year for TRI
reporting, 1988 has been selected as the baseline year for comparisons because of ]concerns about
data quality of industry's first-year submissions. Transfer comparisons do not include transfers for
energy recovery and recycling, because these were first reportable for 1991. !
Total releases:
Air releases:
Water releases:
Underground injection:
Land releases:
Transfers for treatment/disposal
POTWs:
Treatment:
Disposal:
Number of facilities:
Number of forms:
Percent Change
1990-1991
- 9
-13
+ 24
- 5
- 9
: -19
-12
- 6
-32
- 3
- 5
Percent C
19884
lhange
991
-31
-26
-22
-47
-20|
-34
-28,
-28 '
-35
+ 6
+ 5
The net increase in water releases from 1990 to 1991 is largely attributable to increased
runoff from four fertilizer facilities in Louisiana. Excluding those increases, repotted water releases
would have decreased about 7% from 1990 to 1991.
33/50 PROGRAM INFORMATION
The 33/50 Program is a voluntary Government/Industry/Community partnership program of
toxics release reduction. The program targets 17 high-priority chemicals for reductions in releases
and transfers of 33% by the 1992 TRI reporting year and 50% by the 1995 reportiing year, using the
1988 TRI reports as a baseline. Many states, industry associations, and individual! companies
include 33/50 program chemicals within the scope of their own reduction programs.
Releases and transfers of the 17 targeted chemicals declined .by 22% between 1990 and 1991,
more than twice the rate of reduction for all other TRI chemicals.
1991 TRI data indicate that the 33/50 Program has reached its 1992 interim
33% a full year early. Releases and transfers of the targeted chemicals have
1988.
reduction goal of
declined 34% since
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1991 Toxics Release Inventory
Public Data Release
Introduction
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1991 TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY
PUBLIC DATA RELEASE:
INTRODUCTION
WHAT is THE Toxics RELEASE INVENTORY?
The Toxics Release Inventory, or TRI, is a publicly available database that contains specific
toxic chemical release and transfer information from manufacturing facilities throughout the United
States. This inventory was established under the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-
Know Act of 1986 (EPCRA), which Congress passed to promote planning for chemical emergencies
and to provide information to the public about the presence and release of toxic and hazardous
chemicals in their communities. Following passage of the Pollution Prevention Act of 1990, the
'TRI was expanded to include mandatory reporting of additional waste management and pollution
prevention activities. ;
Each year, manufacturing facilities meeting certain activity thresholds must report their
estimated releases and transfers of listed toxic chemicals to the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency and to the state or tribal entity in whose jurisdiction the facility is located. The TRI list
includes more than 300 chemicals and 20 chemical categories. A separate report, called a Form R,
is required for each chemical the facility has manufactured, processed, or otherwise used in amounts
exceeding the thresholds.
Reports for each calendar year are due by July 1 of the following year. After data entry and
data quality, assurance activities are completed, EPA makes the data available to the public in a
printed report, in a computer database, and through a variety of other information products. States
also make available to the public copies of the forms filed by facilities in their jurisdiction.
This document summarizes data collected for calendar year 1991 and provides basic data
from 1988-1990 for comparison purposes.. Although the first data were collected for calendar year
1987,1988 has been selected as the baseline year because of concerns about the data quality of
industry's first-year submissions.
WHO MUST REPORT?
Manufacturing facilities that have 10 or more full-time employees and meet the established
thresholds for manufacturing, processing, or otherwise using listed chemicals must report their
releases and transfers. Thresholds for manufacturing and processing are currently 25,000 pounds for
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each listed chemical, while the threshold for otherwise use is 10,000 pounds per chemical. Manu-
facturing facilities are defined as facilities in Standard Industrial Classification primary codes 20-39,
which include, among others: chemicals, petroleum refining, primary metals, fabricated metals,
paper, rubber and plastics, and transportation equipment.
WHAT MUST BE REPORTED?
TRI contains a great deal of information in addition to release and transfer estimates. Facili-
ties must provide identifying information, such as name, location, type of business, contact names,
name of parent company, and environmental permit numbers; information about the manufacture,
process, and use of the listed chemical and the maximum amount on-site during the year; release and
transfer estimates for each environmental medium and type of transfer; locations of off-site trans-
fers; and waste treatment methods and efficiencies.
Beginning with the 1991 reports, facilities are required to provide additional information
about waste management and source reduction activities. New data elements include quantities of
the listed chemical treated, recycled, and combusted for energy recovery on-site, quantities trans-
ferred off-site for recycling and energy recovery, source reduction activities, and methods used to
identify those activities. Availability of these data will provide a more complete picture of total
waste generation and management by facilities, and will increase the ability to track progress in
moving towards less waste generation arid safer management alternatives. Companies must also
provide a production index that will help relate changes in reported quantities of toxic chemicals in
waste to changes in production.
WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS AND USES OF THE DATA?
The TRI program gives the public unprecedented direct access to toxic chemical release and
transfer data at the local, regional, and national level. The public can use this information to iden-
tify potential concerns, gain a better understanding of potential risks, and work with industry and
government to reduce toxic chemical releases and the risks associated with them.
Federal, state, and local governments can use the data to compare facilities or geographic
areas, to identify hotspots, to evaluate existing environmental programs, to more effectively set
regulatory priorities, and to track pollution control and waste reduction progress.
Industry can use the data to obtain an overview of use and release of toxic chemicals, to
identify and reduce costs associated with toxic waste, to identify promising areas jof pollution pre-
vention, to establish reduction targets, and to measure and document progress toward reduction
goals. The public availability of the data has prompted many facilities to work with their communi-
ties to develop effective strategies for reducing environmental and human health risks posed by toxic
chemical releases.
10
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PI 991 TRI Data Release : Introduction |
WHAT ARE THE LIMITATIONS OF THE DATA?
Although the TRI includes over 82,000 reports from approximately 23,000 facilities each
year, it captures only a portion of all toxic chemical releases nationwide. Facilities with fewer than
10 employees and facilities that do not meet chemical thresholds are not required to file TRI reports.
Although non-manufacturing facilities currently are not required to report, EPA is working to add to
the TRI requirement certain non-manufacturing industries, such as mining and electric utilities, that
are sources of significant releases of toxic chemicals. Many toxic chemicals, including some chemi-
cals regulated under other environmental statutes, currently are not listed under EPCRA section 313,
but are being identified and evaluated for addition to the list.
Some facilities that are required to report their releases and transfers to TRI do not file any
reports, and some facilities may file reports for some, but not all, of the chemicals for which they
were required to report. Accuracy of release and transfer data may vary from facility to facility and
from year to year. Facilities are not required to perform any monitoring to develop TRI estimates,
and may use a variety of estimation techniques if actual measurements are not available. EPA's
active enforcement efforts have focused to date on facilities that have failed to file. EPA also is
initiating more data quality inspections each year.
TRI reports reflect releases of chemicals, not exposures of the public to those chemicals.
Release estimates alone are not sufficient to determine exposure or to calculate potential adverse
effects on human health and the environment. Although additional information is necessary to
assess exposure and risk, TRI data can be used to identify areas of potential concern.
How CAN I OBTAIN ADDITIONAL TRI INFORMATION?
This report contains 1991 TRI data and limited comparison data for 1988-1990. The TRI
database is accessible to the public via on-line telecommunications through the National Library of
Medicine's TOXNET system; 1991 data should be available through this system in early June.
Information about accessing the TRI database through TOXNET is provided in the Appendix.
Copies of TRI data submitted by facilities can be obtained from the EPA's TRI Reporting
Center. Other potential sources of TRI information include the EPA Regional office, the State
Section 313 contact, the Local Emergency Planning Committee, the State Emergency Response
Commission, or the facility itself. Details about contacting some of these sources are provided in
the Appendix.
EPA has prepared a number of documents to assist citizens, the news media, local and state
governmental officials and others in using the TRI and other EPCRA data. These materials describe
where the information can be obtained, its strengths and limitations, and how the data can be used in
programs to protect public health and enhance environmental quality. To request copies of TRI and
EPCRA documents or to obtain further information about the program, citizens should call their
State Section 313 contact or the toll-free Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know
Information Hotline at 1-800-535-0202.
11
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Chapter 1
1991 TRI Releases and Transfers
On-site Releases
and Waste Management
Off-site
Waste Management
Air
Underground
Injection
',
Recycling
Water
Land
Energy
Recovery
Treatment
POTWs*
Treatment
Disposal
Recycling
Energy Recovery
* Publicly Owned Treatment Works
-------
-------
1991 TRI RELEASES AND TRANSFERS
This chapter provides information reported by facilities for calendar year 1991 on releases of
toxic chemicals at the facility and transfers of chemicals off-site by the facility for the purposes of
treatment, disposal, energy recovery, or recycling. These data are presented in three ways: by
chemical; by state; and by industry. A separate section provides data on chemicals that may be of
special interest to the public.
In 199,1, there were 3.39 billion pounds of toxic chemicals released to the environment,
including 2.01 billion pounds emitted to the air, 244 million pounds released to water, 421 million
pounds released to land, and 710 million pounds injected underground.
Facilities also sent a total of 3.87 billion pounds of toxic chemicals to off-site facilities for
treatment, disposal, energy recovery, and recycling. The bulk of these off-site transfers, 2.35 billion
pounds, were sent off-site to be recycled. In addition, 438 million pounds of toxic chemicals were
sent off-site for energy recovery, 352 million pounds of toxic chemicals were transferred off-site for
treatment, 299 million pounds of toxic chemicals were transferred off-site for disposal, and
412 million pounds were sent to publicly-owned-treatment works.
Under TRI, facilities have been required to report off-site transfers of toxic chemicals for
treatment or disposal. The 1991 reporting year was the first year in which facilities subject to TRI
reporting were also required to report on the amounts of toxic chemicals that were sent off-site for
the purposes of energy recovery or recycling. This new information, required by the Pollution
Prevention Act, provides a more complete picture of toxic chemicals in wastes that are sent off-site
by facilities subject to TRI. Although the total reported transfers in this chapter are significantly
larger than total transfers reported in previous years, this does not represent an increase in the
amounts of toxic chemicals in wastes sent off-site for treatment or disposal, but rather the inclusion
of the new off-site transfer data.
In addition to the new information on off-site transfers, the Pollution Prevention Act also
required information on the on-site management of toxic chemicals in wastes and efforts to prevent
or reduce the amounts of toxic chemicals entering wastes. This new information is discussed in the
next chapter.
15
-------
TRI CHEMICALS NEWLY LISTED FOR 1991 i
This chapter contains release information on all chemicals currently listed on EPCRA section
313, including the following chemicals that were first reportable in the 1991 reporting year:
Bromochlorodifluoromethane(Halon 1211) ;
Bromotrifluoromethane (Halon 1301)
Dibromotetrafluoroethane (Halon 2402) :
Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12)
Dichlorotetrafluoroethane (CFC-114)
Monochloropentafluoroethane (CFC-115)
Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11)
Data on releases and transfers of these ozone depleters are highlighted in Tables 1-27
and 1-28.
AN EXPLANATION OF RELEASES AND TRANSFERS
Releases
A release is an on-site discharge of a toxic chemical to the environment. This includes
emissions to the air, discharges to bodies of water, and releases at the facility to land and
underground injection wells.
Releases to Air
Releases to air are reported either as fugitive or stack emissions. Stack emissions are
releases to air that occur through confined air streams, such as stacks, vents, ducts, or pipes.
Fugitive emissions are all releases to air that are not released through a confined air stream.
Fugitive emissions include equipment leaks, evaporative losses from surface impoundments and
spills, and releases from building ventilation systems.
Releases to Water
Releases to water include discharges to streams, rivers, lakes, oceans, and other bodies of
water. This includes releases from contained sources, such as industrial process outflow pipes or
open trenches. Releases due to runoff, including stormwater runoff, are also reported to TRI.
Releases to Land
Releases to land occur within the boundaries of the reporting facility. Releases to land
include disposal of toxic chemicals in wastes in a landfill (in which waste is buried), land treatment/
application farming (in which a waste containing a listed chemical is applied to or incorporated into
soil), and surface impoundment (which is an uncovered holding area used to volatilize and/or settle
waste materials).
16
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1991 TRI Releases/Transfers
Underground Injection ,
Underground injection is the disposal of fluids by the subsurface placement of the fluids in a
well. Wastes containing EPCRA section 313 chemicals are either injected into Class I wells or
Class V wells. Class I wells are used to inject liquid hazardous wastes or dispose of industrial and
municipal waste waters beneath the lowermost underground source1 of drinking water. Class V wells
are generally used to inject non-hazardous fluid into or above an underground source of drinking
water. Wastes containing EPCRA section 313 chemicals are not disposed of in other classes of
wells (i.e., Class II-IV).
Off-site Transfers
An off-site transfer is a transfer of the toxic chemicals in wastes to a facility that is
geographically or physically separate from the facility reporting under TRI. Chemicals reported
under TRI as transferred off-site are sent to off-site facilities for the purposes of either recycling,
energy recovery, treatment, or disposal. The quantities reported represent a movement of the
chemical away from the reporting facility. Except for off-site transfers for disposal, these quantities
do not represent entry of the chemical into the environment.
Transfers to Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTW)
A POTW is a wastewater treatment facility that is owned by a state or local municipality.
' Wastewaters from facilities reporting under TRI are transferred through pipes or sewers to the
POTW. Treatment or removal of a chemical from the wastewater depends upon the nature of the
chemical and treatment methods present at the POTW. In general, chemicals that are easily utilized
as nutrients by microorganisms, are volatile, or have a low solubility in water are likely to be
removed to some extent. Not all chemicals on EPCRA section 313 can be treated by a POTW.
Those that are not removed by treatment are released by the POTW to surface waters.
Transfers Off-site for Treatment
Toxic chemicals in wastes that are transferred off-site may be treated through a variety of
methods, including biological treatment, neutralization, incineration, and physical separation. These
methods typically result in varying degrees of destruction of the toxic chemical. In some cases, the
chemical is not destroyed but is prepared for further waste management, such as disposal.
Transfers Off-site for Disposal
Toxic .chemicals in wastes that are transferred to a facility for disposal generally are either
released to land (see above) at the off-site facility or injected underground. , .
17
-------
Transfers Off-site for Recycling [This is a new TRI data element]
Toxic chemicals in wastes that are sent off-site for the purposes of recycling are generally
recovered or regenerated by a variety of recycling methods, including solvent recovery, metals
recovery, and acid regeneration. The choice of the recycling method depends on the toxic chemical
being sent for recycling. .Once they have been recycled, these chemicals may be returned to the
originating facility for further processing or made available for use in commerce.
Transfers Off-site for Energy Recovery [This is a new TRI data element]
Toxic chemicals in waste sent off-site for purposes of energy recovery are combusted off-site
in industrial furnaces (including kilns) or boilers that generate energy for use at that location.
Chemicals that are not combustible, such as metals, metal compounds, CFCs and halons, should not
be reported as transferred off-site for energy recovery. Treatment of a chemical by incineration is
not considered to be energy recovery.
Other Off-site Transfers
In this report, toxic chemicals in wastes that were reported as transferred off-site but for
which the off-site activity (i.e., treatment, disposal, energy recovery, or recycing) was not specified
have been classified as "other off-site transfers."
18
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I 1991TRI Releases/Transfers [
WHAT TO CONSIDER WHEN USING TRI DATA
Users of the TRI information should be aware that the TRI data reflect releases and transfers
of chemicals, not exposures of the public to those chemicals. The TRI data can be used to determine
the potential risks that may result from releases and transfers of toxic chemicals. The determination
of potential risk depends upon many factors. Following are some of these factors:
Toxicity of the chemical
The TRI list consists of chemicals that vary widely in their ability to produce toxic effects.
Some high-volume releases of not-significantly toxic chemicals may appear to be a more
serious problem than lower-volume releases of highly toxic chemicals, when just the
opposite may be true.
Potential degradation or persistence of the chemical in the environment.
/
Sunlight, heat, or microorganisms may or may not decompose the chemical. Exposure to a
chemical is also dependent upon how long the chemical remains unchanged in the
environment.
For example, microorganisms readily degrade some chemicals, such as methanol into
less toxic chemicals; volatile organic chemicals, such as ethylene and propylene, react in
the atmosphere, contributing to smog; metals are persistent and will not be degraded
upon release to the environment.
As a result, small releases of a persistent highly toxic chemical may create a more serious
problem than large releases of a chemical that is rapidly transformed in the environment.
Bioconcentration of the chemical in the food chain.
The chemical may concentrate or may disperse as it moves up the food chain.
Some chemicals, such as benzoic trichloride or mercury, will accumulate as they move
up the food chain; other chemicals, such as di-n-octyl phthalate, will disperse rather than
bioconcentrate in higher organisms.
The environmental medium (air, water, land or underground injection) to which the
toxic chemical has been released.
Chemical exposure of a population will depend on the environmental medium to which a
chemical is released. The medium also affects the type of exposure (such as inhalation,
dermal exposure, or ingestion).
19
-------
Releases of a chemical to the air can result in exposures to organisms living near and
downwind from facilities releasing toxic chemicals to the atmosphere. Persistent
chemicals may fall or be rained out of air onto land or into water bodies, resulting in
exposures via these envkonmental media.
Exposure that results from releases to water bodies (streams, lakes, etc.) depends on the
downstream uses of the water, including drinking, cooking, and bathing.
Releases to publicly owned treatment works (POTWs) may result in exposure if
chemicals are not removed through treatment processes and are released by the POTW to
water bodies used by downstream communities.
Toxic chemicals released to land may be transported to other environmental media as a
result of run-off or migration of the chemical through the soil into underlying water
sources. Specially designed facilities such as permanent landfills and underground wells
in which toxic chemicals in wastes are injected into rock below underground sources of
drinking water may reduce the potential exposure from land disposal.
Chemicals may enter the food chain through the presence of the toxic chemical in soil or
water.
The location of the off-site facility receiving the chemical and the type and efficiency of
its waste management practices.
The amount of the chemical that ultimately enters the environment depends upon how the
toxic chemical was handled during disposal, treatment, energy recovery, or recycling, as is
illustrated in the following examples.
The efficiency of recycling operations varies depending upon the method of recycling
and the chemical being recycled.
Use of a combustible toxic chemical for energy recovery typically results in the
destruction of 95 to 99% or more of the toxic chemical. The remaining quantity is either
released to the air or is disposed in ash to land.
The efficiency of the treatment of toxic chemicals in wastes sent to sewage treatment
plants varies depending on the chemical and the sewage plant. High volume pollutants
such as methanol are readily degraded by most sewage treatment plants. Other high
volume chemicals such as ammonia are not readily treated by most sewage treatment
20
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I 1991 TRI Releases/Transfers
plants and will pass through the plant into the aquatic environment. The efficiency of
other treatment methods, such as incineration, also depends upon the type of treatment
method and the nature of the chemical.
Toxic chemicals in wastes sent off-site for disposal are typically released to land or
injected underground.
Further information on the use of TRI data in determining potential risks can be found in "Toxic
Chemical Risk Screening Guide" (EPA 560/2-89-002), July 1989.
21
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Table 1-1. TRI Releases, 1991.
1991 Releases
Total Releases
Air Emissions
Surface Water Discharges
Underground Injection
Releases to Land
Pounds
3,385,873,118
2,010,554,065
243,513,772
710,377,137
421,428,144
Underground
Injection
21.0%
Releases
to Land
12.4%
Surface Water
Discharges
7.2%
Air
Emissions
59.4%
Figure 1-1. TRI Releases, 1991.
22
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1991 TRI Releases/Transfers
Table 1-2. TRI Transfers, 1991.
1991 Transfers
Total Transfers
Pounds
3,865,281,524
Transfers to POTWs
Transfers to Treatment
Transfers to Disposal
Transfers to Energy Recovery
Transfers to Recycling
Other Off-site Transfers
411,907,098
352,433,168
299,042,451
438,225,342
2,354,123,586
9,549,879
Other Off-site Transfers
0.2%
Transfers to
Recycling
60.9%
Transfers to
POTWs
10.7%
Transfers to
Treatment
9.1%
Transfers to
Disposal
7.7%
Transfers to
Energy Recovery
11.3%
Figure 1-2. TRI Transfers, 1991.
23
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-------
THE 1991 TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY
PUBLIC DATA RELEASE
1991 Releases and Transfers
by State
25
-------
Millions of Pounds
More than 150
100 to 150
50to100
10 to 50
| | Less than 10
Figure 1-3. TRI Releases by State, 1991.
26
-------
1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by State
Millions of Pounds
IBi
IB More than 200
100 to 200
50 to 100
10 to 50
Less than 10
Figure 1-4. TRI Transfers by State, 1991.
27
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Table 1-3. TRI Releases by State, 1991 (Alphabetically Ordered).
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
16,580,199
582,728
22,000
4,487,344
9,072,344
31,444,873
2,754,475
6,870,076
1,496,345
14,797,254
13,526,226
438,180
974,270
27,542,663
38,159,600
6,407,397
8,485,733
11,385,737
21,845,216
2,451,528
4,478,187
6,412,932
18,598,896
7,350,164
13,746,569
10,605,454
1,552,443
3,769,064
447,056
1,861,622
8,239,096
601,965
21,158,898
20,133,754
582,348
33,214,660
5,398,061
4,937,250
28,452,750
8,690,832
2,668,383
17,463,068
377,674
53,306,877
79,402,956
5,000,623
298,726
794,692
17,716,400
10,392,763
10,359,757
8,114,196
927,092
626,379,396
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
82,578,637
12,643,715
0
5,022,927
22,347,516
35,856,384
3,318,751
9,388,954
4,380,793
23,444,346
44,514,716
141,478
5,151,603
54,164,438
58,165,907
28,701,215
19,372,658
27,200,204
76,977,192
11,541,829
7,078,279
10,020,869
51,851,274
32,030,987
42,198,692
24,431,418
808,406
11,008,508
543,444
3,442,431
13,822,245
1,697,575
43,526,898
63,499,937
1,214,279
66,996,655
18,428,487
12,557,412
38,363,869
7,981,641
1,682,723
44,452,404
2,261,739
86,310,304
89,520,877
69,550,357
611,615
315,396
49,592,240
15,738,122
16,758,644
29,012,764
1,950,915
1,384,174,669
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
4,264,358
4,795,953
0
32,960
2,424,306
10,232,335
195,424
3,902,429
349,040
3,147,409
4,728,313
17,029
119,934
6,438,552
1,723,434
2,001,525
921,578
682,699
161,287,666
813,197
682,953
396,842
944,817
838,399
2,173,830
1,230,337
147,484
385,629
250
44,361
493,623
9,992
1,656,018
781,249
79,557
6,055,535
509,137
386,156
1,225,774
119,408
, 121,277
1,210,766
9,038
3,622,533
2,889,837
120,656
44,250
394,318
2,251,200
4,355,925
1,436,226
712,079
106,175
243,513,772
Underground
Injection
Pounds
7,988,920
150
0
0
14,031,499
1,944,661
500
50
0
13,728,636
0
235,199
0
16,199,676
2,360,830
0
44,938,711
22,000,000
196,607,237
0
0
0
6,699,997
0
48,371,556
0
0
0
0
0
1
750
38
0
0
29,417,995
2,597,370
0
0
250
0
0
0
69,568,902
225,032,087
.0
0
0
0
5
0
25
8,652,092
710,377,137
Releases
to Land
Pounds
6,662,537
4,132
0
53,310,818
1,692,933
8,722,943
514,465
: 3,345
155,180
32,737,051
1,155,194
81,200
3,880,780
18,591,746
36,009,003
1,789,953
1,235,203
1,645,414
1,850,432
876,354
1,293,351
167,019
13,943,692
1,432,241
5,607,356
23,823,821
38,533,803
395,026
2,435,160
38,328
547,802
37,670,985
1,742,285
23,599,855
22,750
35,462,806
8,366,323
1,331,309
7,832,148
130,650
24,147
1,069,601
32,790
2,417,820
13,767,951
23,722,951
57,189
is,6io
2,022,165
156,331
354,546
2,324,940
166,710
421,428,144
Total
Releases
Pounds
118,074,651
18,026,678
22,000
62,854,049
49,568,598
88,201,196
6,783,615
20,164,854
6,381,358
87,854,696
63,924,449
913,086
10,126,587
122,937,075
136,418,774
38,900,090
74,953,883
62,914,054
458,567,743
15,682,908
13,532,770
16,997,662
92,038,676
41V651,791
112,098,003
60,091,030
41,042,136
15,558,227
3,425,910
5,386,742
23,102,767
39,981,267
68,084,137
108,014,795
1,898,934
171,147,651
35,299,378
19,212,127
75,874,541
16,922,781
4,496,530
64,195,839
2,681,241
215,226,436
410,613,708
98,394,587
1,011,780
1,520,016
71,582,005
30,643,146
. 28,909,173
40,164,004
11,802,984
3,385,873,118
28
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1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by State
Table 1-4. TRI Transfers by State, 1991 (Alphabetically Ordered).
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey .
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
945,395
0
0
475,907
576,892
28,349,693
460,138
1,566,744
2,344,905
13,860,357
8,353,426
26,253
1,246,330
59,457,320
5,761,241
8,313,212
1,951,405
1,942,905
112,305
794,917
4,589,080
5,708,676
14,692,799
4,834,431
1,200,612
26,111,983
10,650
1,295,342
8,612
451,079
44,204,143
'90,891
11,311,332
5,465,648
108,820
45,038,807
156,243
4,133,808
15,505,272
6,206,477
678,929
3,646,939
199,789
17,489,150
30,863,548
572,366
35,707
0
20,831,067
383,361
1,840,770
7,528,307
173,115
411,907,098
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
9,456,286
1,036
0
1,138,509
2,246,527
6,329,931
1,805,943
6,324,365
806,462
7,112,699
3,361,216
20
61,501
15,510,816
35,159,725
2,525,595
3,017,996
6,698,250
9,381,126
474,453
2,058,549
4,993,072
22,427,390
2,120,595
1,921,390
6,317,491
156,360
3,875,356
16,234
1,601,771
17,653,135
60,776
8,928,910
7,586,054
38,860
44,941,803
1,929,808
949,589
33,660,701
7,977,747
734,009
7,075,642
32,626
5,011,931
42,273,079
929,934
673,321
173
3,097,201
1,745,436
2,416,754
7,813,947
1,068
352,433,168
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
5,841,317
20
0
80,969
2,292,016
8,906,422
1,059,679
1,041,153
28,741
2,590,989
8,762,511
12,388
5,065
20,810,237
10,435,579
1,832,804
43,694,705
7,184,087
4,317,925
1,081,428
725,963
2,358,484
22,974,160
966,720
709,018
2,110,458
78,681
4,098,986
40,583
391,659
2,458,127
31,920
5,900,633
3,960,381
5,070
22,650,421
13,090,567
4,059,878
17,192,967
461,490
336,988
3,006,742
41,771
17,851,458
35,621,960
2,305,443
,29,477
0,
2,028,579
843,120
2,951,693
9,778,535
2,484
299,042,451
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
45,325,310
0
0
815,522
3,520,143
13,625,824
1,323,698
3,586,484
1,186,088
4,855,937
6,874,235
4 185
283,187
26,383,842
19,408,585
4,163,659
, 1,548,678
5,351,092
5,127,982
298,665
1,624,448
6,707,841
60,116,674
3,566,433
3,724,518
9,753,464
184,211
1,004,157
8,274
329,446
22,512,174
147,996
9,847,093
8,311,606
36,120
26,439,909
1,303,266
457,922
16,703,984
6,400,370
462,785
6,774,721
207,533
8,522,817
71,008,321
379,910
73,460
0
10,341,187
804,281
T',404,858
9,382,150
4,297
438,225,342
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
39,335,023 .
0
0
23,873,872
30,854,407
131,519,474
6,895,802
22,581,871
7,045,571
15,097,568
53,318,134
42,781
475,283
75,500,327
294,438,283
16,115,605
32,746,921
59,278,568
28,730,868
2,589,437
. 24,973,328
15,797,249
75,910,180
19,361,828
44,557,507
31,805,124
2,874,853
13,640,100
387,776
3,633,242
93,159,759
198,644
41,997,009
109,326,810
31,750
319,626,185
16,986,379
8,109,370
210,783,647
11,914,110
6,877,389
82,274,965
216,054
30,097,377
165,505,214
28,835,045
2,158,192
"376,488
25,320,804
67,675,647
25,564,125
33,707,641
0
2,354,123,586
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
148,902
0
0
42,191
4,124
312,378
165,500
191,209
0
18,154
258,138
0
0
346,944
1,378,073
43,392
1,660
807,733
9,627
9,600
4,483
199,355
659,742
24,730
93,194
134,441
0
6,866
800
38,650
176,797
25,444
157,452
195,628
399
189,512
250
56,016
231,317
250
16,602
355,874
21,150
.1,753,189
1,287,370
12,000
4,400
0
45,845
4,311
3,684
112,503
0
9,549,879
Total
Transfers
Pounds
101,052,233
1,056
0
26,426,970
39,494,109
189,043,722
11,710,760
35,291,826
11,411,767
43,535,704.
80,927,660
81,627
2,071,366
198,009,486
366,581,486
32,994,267
82,961,365
81,262,635
47,679,833
5,248,500
33,975,851
35,764,677
196,780,945
30,874,737
52,206,239
76,232,961
3,304,755
23,920,807
462,279
6,445,847
180,164,135
555,671
78,142,429
134,846,127
221,019
458,886,637
33,466,513
17,766,583
294,077,888
32,960,444
9,106,702
103,134,883
718,923
80,725,922
346,559,492
33,034,698
2,974,557
376,661
61,664,683
71,456,156
40,181,884
68,323,083
180,964
3,865,281,524
29
-------
Table 1-5. TRI Releases by State, 1991 (Ordered by Total Release).
State
Louisiana
Texas
Tennessee
Ohio
Indiana
Illinois
Alabama
Mississippi
North Carolina
Utah
Michigan
California
Florida
Pennsylvania
Kansas
Virginia
New York
South Carolina
Georgia
Kentucky
Arizona
Missouri
Arkansas
Minnesota
Montana
Wisconsin
New Mexico
Iowa
Oklahoma
Washington
West Virginia
New Jersey
Connecticut
Oregon
Alaska
Massachusetts
Puerto Rico
Maine
Nebraska
Maryland
Wyoming
Idaho
Colorado
Delaware
New Hampshire
Rhode Island
Nevada
South Dakota
North Dakota
Virgin Islands
Vermont
Hawaii
American Samoa
Total
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
21,845,216
79,402,956
53,306,877
33,214,660 ,
38,159,600
27,542,663
16,580,199
13,746,569
20,133,754
5,000,623
18,598,896
31,444,873
14,797,254
28,452,750
8,485,733
17,716,400
21,158,898
17,463,068
13,526,226
11,385,737
4,487,344
10,605,454
9,072,344
7,350,164
1,552,443
8,114,196
601,965
6,407,397
5,398,061
10,392,763
10,359,757
8,239,096
6,870,076
4,937,250
582,728
6,412,932
8,690,832
2,451,528
3,769,064
4,478,187
927,092
974,270
2,754,475
1,496,345
1,861,622
2,668,383
447,056
377,674
582,348
794,692
298,726
438,180
22,000
626,379,396
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
76,977,192
89,520,877
86,310,304
66,996,655
58,165,907
54,164,438
82,578,637
42,198,692
63,499,937
69,550,357
51,851,274
35,856,384
23,444,346
38,363,869
19,372,658
49,592,240
43,526,898
44,452,404
44,514,716
27,200,204
5,022,927
24,431,418
22,347,516
32,030,987
808,406
29,012,764
1,697,575
28,701,215
18,428,487
15,738,122
16,758,644
13,822,245
9,388,954
12,557,412
12,643,715
10,020,869
7,981,641
11,541,829
11,008,508
7,078,279
1,950,915
5,151,603
3,318,751
4,380,793
3,442,431
1,682,723
543,444
2,261,739
1,214,279
315,396
611,615
141,478
0
1,384,174,669
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
161,287,666
2,889,837
3,622,533
6,055,535
1,723,434
6,438,552
4,264,358
2,173,830
781,249
120,656
944,817
10,232,335
3,147,409
1,225,774
921,578
2,251,200
1,656,018
1,210,766
4,728,313
682,699
32,960
1,230,337
2,424,306
838,399
147,484
712,079
9,992
2,001,525
509,137
4,355,925
1,436,226
493,623
3,902,429
386,156
4,795,953
396,842
119,408
813,197
385,629
682,953
106,175
119,934
195,424
349,040
44,361
121,277
250
9,038
79,557
394,318
44,250
17,029
0
243,513,772
Underground
Injection
Pounds
196,607,237
225,032,087
69,568,902
29,417,995
2,360,830
16,199,676
7,988,920
48,371,556
0
0
6,699,997
1,944,661
13,728,636
0
44,938,711
0
38
0
0
22,000,000
0
0
14,031,499
0
0
25
750
0
2,597,370
5
0
1
50
0
. 150
0
250
0
0
0
8,652,092
0
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
235,199
0
710,377,137
Releases
to Land
Pounds
1,850,432
13,767,951
2,417,820
35,462,806
36,009,003
18,591,746
6,662,537
5,607,356
23,599,855
23,722,951
13,943,692
8,722,943
32,737,051
7,832,148
1,235,203
2,022,165
1,742,285
1,069,601
1,155,194
1,645,414
53,310,818
23,823,821
1,692,933
1,432,241
38,533,803
2,324,940
37,670,985
1,789,953
8,366,323
156,331
354,546
547,802
3,345
1,331,309
4,132
167,019
130,650
876,354
395,026
1,293,351
166,710
3,880,780
514,465
155,180
38,328
24,147
2,435,160
32,790
22,750
15,610
57,189
81,200
0
421,428,144
Total
Releases
Pounds
458,567,743
410,613,708
215,226,436
171,147,651
136,418,774
122,937,075
118,074,651
112,098,003
108,014,795
98,394,587
92,038,676
88,201,196
87,854,696
75,874,541
74,953,883
71,582,005
68,084,137
64,195,839
63,924,449
62,914,054
62,854,049
60,091,030
49,568,598
41,651,791
41,042,136
40,164,004
39,981,267
38,900,090
35,299,378
30,643,146
28,909,173
23,102,767
20,164,854
19,212,127
18,026,678
16,997,662
16,922,781
15,682,908
15,558,227
13,532,770
11,802,984
10,126,587
6,783,615
6,381,358
5,386,742
4,496,530
3,425,910
2,681,241
1,898,934
1,520,016
1,011,780
913,086
22,000
3,385,873,118
30
-------
1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by State
Table 1-6. TRI Releases to Air, Water, and Land by State, 1991 (Ordered by Total Air/Water/Land Release).
State
Louisiana
Texas
Tennessee
Ohio
Indiana
Alabama
North Carolina
Illinois
Utah
California
Michigan
Pennsylvania
Florida
Virginia
New York
South Carolina
Georgia
Mississippi
Arizona
Missouri
Minnesota
Montana
Kentucky
Wisconsin
New Mexico
Iowa
Arkansas
Oklahoma
Washington
Kansas
West Virginia
New Jersey
Connecticut
Oregon
Alaska
Massachusetts
Puerto Rico
Maine
Nebraska
Maryland
Idaho
Colorado
Delaware
New Hampshire
Rhode Island
Nevada
Wyoming
South Dakota
North Dakota
Virgin Islands
Vermont
Hawaii
American Samoa
Total
Air
Emissions
Pounds
98,822,408
168,923,833
139,617,181
100,211,315
96,325,507
99,158,836
83,633,691
81,707,101
74,550,980
67,301,257
70,450,170
66,816,619
38,241,600
67,308,640
64,685,796
61,915,472
58,040,942
55,945,261
9,510,271
35,036,872
39,381,151
2,360,849
38,585,941
37,126,960
2,299,540
35,108,612
31,419,860
23,826,548
26,130,885
27,858,391
27,118,401
22,061,341
16,259,030
17,494,662
13,226,443
16,433,801
16,672,473
13,993,357
14,777,572
11,556,466
6,125,873
6,073,226
5,877,138
5,304,053
4,351,106
990^00
2,878,007
2,639,413
1,796,627
1,110,088
910,341
579,658
22,000
2,010,554,065
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
161,287,666
2,889,837
3,622,533
6,055,535
1,723,434
4,264,358
781,249
6,438,552
120,656
10,232,335
944,817
1,225,774
3,147,409
2,251,200
1,656,018
1,210,766
4,728,313
2,173,830
32,960
1,230,337
838,399
147,484
682,699
712,079
9,992
2,001,525
2,424,306
509,137
4,355,925
921,578
1,436,226
493,623
3,902,429
386,156
4,795,953
396,842
119,408
813,197
385,629
682,953
119,934
195,424
349,040
44,361
121 ,277
250
106,175
9,038
79,557
394,318
44,250
- 17,029
0
243,513,772
Releases
to Land
Pounds
1,850,432
13,767,951
2,417,820
35,462,806
36,009,003
6,662,537
23,599,855
18,591,746
23,722,951
8,722,943
13,943,692
7,832,148
32,737,051
2,022,165
1,742,285
1,069,601
1,155,194
5,607,356
53,310,818
23,823,821
1,432,241
38,533,803
1,645,414
2,324,940
37,670,985
1,789,953
1,692,933
8,366,323
156,331
1,235,203
354,546
547,802
3,345
1,331,309
4,132
167,019
130,650
876,354
395,026
1,293,351
3,880,780
514,465
155,180
38,328
24,147
2,435,160
166,710
32,790
22,750
15,610
57,189
81^00
0
421,428,144
Total
Air/Water/Land
Releases
Pounds
261,960,506 '.
185,581,621
145,657,534
141,729,656
134,057,944
110,085,731
108,014,795
106,737,399
98,394,587
86,256,535
85,338,679
75,874,541
74,126,060
. 71,582,005 ,
68,084,099
64,195,839
63,924,449
63,726,447
62,854,049
60,091,030
41,651,791
41,042,136
40,914,054
40,163,979
39,980,517
38,900,090
35,537,099
32,702,008
30,643,141
30,015,172
28,909,173
23,102,766
20,164,804
19,212,127
18,026,528
16,997,662
16,922,531
15,682,908
15,558,227
13,532,770
10,126,587
6,783,115
6,381,358
5,386,742
4,496,530
3,425,910
3,150,892
2,681,241
1,898,934
1,520,016
1,011,780
677,887
22,000
2,675,495,981
31
-------
Table 1-7. Receipt of TRI Chemicals In Wastes from Out of State, 1991 (by Total Received).
Receiving
State
Delaware
Ohio
Louisiana
Pennsylvania
Indiana
Illinois
Alabama
Michigan
Texas
South Carolina
California
New Jersey
Tennessee
New York
Wisconsin
Missouri
Kentucky
Georgia
West Virginia
Virginia
Florida
North Carolina
Connecticut
Minnesota
Arkansas
Montana
District of Columbia
Kansas
Massachusetts
Oklahoma
Washington
Wyoming
Arizona
Utah
iinode Island
Colorado
Maryland
iowa
Idaho
Oregon
Nevada
Nebraska
lew Mexico
Mississippi
'few Hampshire
Alaska
Vermont
South Dakota
North Dakota
American Samoa
>faine
Hawaii
Virgin Islands
uerto Rico
Other (a)
Total
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
136,308
18,212,652
18,551,952
7,026,647
10,788,130
6,310,519
' 5,758,037
14,137,069
7,645,417
10,046,851
599,344
12,855,002
3,256,719
2,523,667
1,298,581
2,188,812
3,354,596
515,506
360,579
957,760
1,980,074
593,646
595,000
1,888,797
6,011,719
0
0
194,639
1,467,399
1,059,434
295,000
0
171,999
336,301
125,166
214,527
201,596
36,229
233,735
78,490
162,321
4,524
509,890
727
29
24,797
9,694
17,761
0
0
0
0
0
0
3,878,863
146,616,505
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
52,475
; 11,077,225
4,348,207
1,390,015
6,961,100
5,940,239
3,061,969
2,884,016
12,125,205
3,203,325
135,157
426,260
777,089
1,014,780
208,119
35,492
475,873
156,654
174,687
16,630
14,602-
155,766
377,283
256
362,364
0
360
116,681
723,770
2,832,426
3,099,640
0
30,228
2,952,025
99,533
2,484
192,729
347,947
150,714
501,434
871,507
6,250
24,250
26,407
78,495
:8
600
0
18,322
0
3,199
0
0
0
871,487
68,325,284
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
0
30,324,252
.16,198,492
2,426,874
26,782,074
13,331,114
13,776,623
9,047,802
3,817,202
27,988,928
663,850
15,187,333
5,931,493
2,144,196
7,626,672
7,526,378
17,807,968
2,493,049
0
8,002,980
3,472,303
7,343,038
264,372
3,493,367
4,795,290
0
0
4,493,366
626,333
1,359,079
85,710
0
23,022
46,690
17,046
542,956
57,118
0
0
3,784
0
16,348
0
195,379
500
16,930
25,800
0
0
,0
6
0
0
0
1,337,117
239,292,834
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
144,700,126
80,322,005
85,987,787
103,013,666
55,294,128
68,361,036
59,081,523
43,541,431
45,597,068
27,196,259
66,124,215
24,626,194
34,710,440
37,173,914
25,531,873
22,246,373
7,365,143
24,370,324
25,187,037
11,656,015
13,549,944
9,970,432
14,089,614
9,497,256
1,147,920
9,863,953
9,790,000
4,520,945
5,981,232
3,423,582
2,176,604
5,000,000
4,682,579
136,318
2,946,712
2,026,526
1,907,225
1,608,152'
1,105,057
857,288
184,859
622,428
0
238,579
25,279
0
2,915
3,319
0
7,600
1,103
0
0
0
72,529,170
1,169,983,148
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
319,057
5,750
1,741,435
146,870
260,114
118,640
106,109
106,961
19,086
47,079
101,096
377,788
74,262
61,362
89,295
40,369
182,895
0
484,750
54,000
2,684
48,385
164
57,995
0
0
2,420
162,533
25,948
0
.0
12
25,518
1,495
0
,30,000
0
0
32,290
14
0
0
8,055
0
0
250
0
0
0
! 0
0
0
0
23,835
4,758,516
Total
Transfers
Received
Pounds
144,888,909
140,255,191
125,092,188
115,598,637
99,972,302
94,203,022
81,796,792
69,716,427
69,291,853
68,454,449
67,569,645
53,195,885
45,053,529
42,930,819
34,726,607
32,086,350
29,043,949
27,718,428'
25,722,303
21,118,135
19,070,923
18,065,566
15,374,654
14,879,840
12,375,288
9,863,953
9,790,360
9,328,051
8,961,267
8,700,469
5,656,954
5,000,000
4,907,840
3,496,852
3,189,952
2,786,493
2,388,668
1,992,328
1,489,506
1,473,286
1,218,701
649,550
.534,140
469,147
104,303
41,735
39,259
21,080
18,322
7,600
4,308
o
o
78,640,472
1,628,976,287
32
-------
1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by State
Table 1-8. Transfers of TRI Chemicals in Wastes Out of State, 1991 (by Total Transferred).
Transferring
State
Pennsylvania
Texas
Ohio
New Jersey
North Carolina
Alabama
Illinois
Michigan
Kentucky
Indiana
Georgia
Mississippi
New York
South Carolina
Missouri
Virginia
Arkansas
Utah
Tennessee
Maryland
Florida
Wisconsin
Connecticut
California
Kansas
Oklahoma
Iowa ,
Louisiana
Arizona
West Virginia
Minnesota
Massachusetts
Nebraska
Oregon
Rhode Island
Colorado
Washington
Delaware
New Hampshire .
Montana
Vermont
Maine
Puerto Rico
Idaho
South Dakota
New Mexico
Virgin Islands
Nevada
North Dakota
Hawaii
Wyoming
Alaska
American Samoa
Total
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
15,083,909
5,018,345
22,361,832
6,110,616
4,901,436
6,248,643
6,584,699
8,924,133
3,733,319
2,522,535
-2,811,539
1,874,504
7,280,133
3,322,896
4,773,241
2,806,246
1,955,689
467,863
2,102,345
1,992,627
6,757,075
1,284,137
5,074,121
1,839,241
1,118,355
1,332,887
933,334
4,529,408
389,497
2,416,647
911,727
2,425,978
565,735
374,110
664,712
1,146,443
131,598
709,519
1,561,351
156,360
669,217
457,053
155,607
21,666
32,626
26,006
173
14,388
38,860
20
1,068
1,036
0
146,616,505
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
8,815,922
5,699,381
2,531,743
1,333,140
932,904
170,845
2,450,363
. 3,100,658
573,673
1,931,476
1,691,824
291,927
1,483,643
621,998
687,280
856,530
1,729,521
47,693
5,501,793
396,759
1,070,070
1,557,786
455,495
4,119,162
337,252
7,194,028
472,525
2,742,184
34,433
681,252
518,101
807,953
2,029,859
3,098,728
200,077
687,303
586,944
23,350
294,886
69,300
28,019
72,514
377,332
13
0
9,300
0
5
4,037
2,250
2,033
20
0
68,325,284
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
15,499,379
7,992,233
8,494,441
8,091,283
6,004,698
39,540,821
21,116,584
30,936,158
3,839,844
6,258,453
6,335,695
3,528,672
7,862,772
3,398,000
7,422,005
6,687,569
3,310,570
374,233
5,604,416 '
1,604,898
4,249,126
7,999,293
3,410,852
1,676,336
709,260
893,498
4,142,412
1,874,369 '
342,454
7,210,118
3,093,945
4,578,033
958,598
422,094
455,105
106,853
509,487
1,186,088
329,446
184,211
73,460
297,915
0
282,937
207,533
147,996
0
8,274
36,120
0
4,297
0
0
239,292,834
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
145,227,957
106,751,612
80,027,445
75,512,127
75,301,627
32,715,255
47,710,345
29,203,512
50,429,486
44,302,565
36,520,236
40,888,462
28,410,772
37,712,774
22,283,775
22,970,144
25,339,805
28,310,265
13,130,218
19,981,553
11,546,256
12,347;948
13,682,230
13,732,638
' 19,147,526
11,610,185
15,171,545
11,431,874
17,141,535
7,144,513
12,198,984
8,338,365
11,756,929
6,109,389
6,500,811
5,599,662
6,351,657
5,402,473
3,077,238
2,811,853
2,141,892
1,460,711
1,026,339
475,283
216,049
197,144
376,488
181,165
31,750
42,781
0
0
0
1,169,983,148
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
141,170
228,475
53,707
108,268
71,985
53,125
44,637
126,960
805,488
377,515
8,309
93,194
29,388
138
117,949
38,839
750
0
1,751,180
4,442
1,550
934
191,209
48,090
255
.0
23,660
9,322
42,176
3,684
23,730
77,714
0
0
16,602
159,800
3,828
0
38,650
0
4,400
9,600
0
0
21,150
25,444
0
800
399
0
0
0
0
4,758,516
Total
Transfers
Out of State
Pounds
184,768,337
125,690,046
113,469,168
91,155,434
87,212,650
78,728,689
77,906,628
72,291,421
59,381,810
55,392,544
47,367,603
46,676,759
45,066,708
45,055,806
35,284,250
33,359,328
32,336,335
29,200,054
28,089,952
23,980,279
23,624,077
23,190,098
22,813,907
21,415,467
21,312,648
21,030,598
20,743,476
20,587,157
17,950,095
17,456,214
16,746,487
16,228,043
15,311,121
10,004,321
7,837,307
7,700,061
7,583,514
7,321,430
5,301,571
3,221,724
2,916,988
2,297,793
1,559,278
779,899
477,358
405,890
376,661
204,632
111,166
45,051
7,398
1,056
0
1,628,976,287
33
-------
Table 1-9. Transfers of TRI Chemicals in Wastes Within a State, 1991 (by Total Transferred).
State
Indiana
Ohio
Texas
California
Michigan
Pennsylvania
Washington
Illinois
Kansas
South Carolina
New Jersey
North Carolina
Wisconsin
Tennessee
Louisiana
Georgia
Puerto Rico
New York
Alabama
West Virginia
Kentucky
Missouri
Massachusetts
Oklahoma
Connecticut
Minnesota
Arizona
Virginia
Nebraska
Arkansas
Florida
Maryland
Mississippi
Iowa
Oregon
Colorado
Utah
Maine
Delaware
New Hampshire
Rhode Island
Nevada
Montana
New Mexico
Idaho
South Dakota
Vermont
Hawaii
North Dakota
Wyoming
Virgin Islands
American Samoa
Alaska
Total
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
32,637,190
22,579,971
37,254,734
4,490,690
13,503,257
18,576,792
1,613,838
8,926,117
1,899,641
3,752,746
11,542,519
2,684,618
6,529,810
2,909,586
4,851,718
549,677
7,822,140
1,648,777
3,207,643
107
2,964,931
1,544,250
2,567,094
596,921
1,250,244
1,208,868
749,012
290,955
3,309,621
290,838
355,624
65,922
46,886
1,592,261
. 575,479
659,500
462,071
17,400
96,943
40,420
69,297
1,846
0
34,770
39,835
0
4,104
0
0
0
0
0
0
205,816,663
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
8,504,103
20,118,678
29,922,579
4,787,260
19,873,502
8,377,045
256,176
18,359,874
43,357,453
2,384,744
1,124,987
3,027,477
8,220,749
12,349,665
1,575,741
7,070,687
84,158
4,416,990
5,670,472
2,270,441
6,610,414
1,423,178
1,550,531
5,896,539
585,658
448,619
46,536
1,172,049
2,069,127
562,495
1,520,919
329,204
417,091
1,360,279
961,150
372,376
2,257,750
1,008,914
5,391
96,773
136,911
40,578 ,
9,381
22,620
5,052
41,771
1,458
10,138
1,033
451
0
0
0
230,717,167
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
13,150,132
17,945,468
63,016,088
11,949,488
29,180,516
1,204,605
294,794
5,267,258
839,418
3,376,721
14,420,891
2,306,908
1,382,857
2,918,401
3,253,613
538,540
6,400,370
1,984,321
5,784,489
194,740
1,511,248
2,331,459
2,129,808
409,768
175,632
472,488
473,068
3,653,618
45,559
209,573
606,811
19,550
195,846
21,247
35,828
1,216,845
5,677
750
0
0
7,680
0
0
0
250
.0
0
185
0
0
0
0
0
198,932,508
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
250,135,718
239,598,740
58,753,602
117,786,836
46,706,668
65,555,690
61,323,990
27,789,982
13,599,395
44,562,191
17,647,632
34,025,183
21,359,693
16,967,159
17,298,994
16,797,898
10,887,771
13,586,237
6,619,768
18,419,612
8,849,082
9,521,349
7,458,884
5,376,194
8,899,641
7,162,844
6,732,337
2,350,660
1,883,171
5,514,602
3,551,312
4,991,775
3,669,045
944,060
1,999,981
1,296,140
524,780
1,128,726
1,643,098
556,004
376,578
206,611
63,000
1,500
0
5
16,300
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,184,140,438
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
1,000,558
135,805
1,058,895
264,288
532,782
90,147
; 483
302,307
1,405
355,736
68,529
123,643
111,569
1 2,009
305
249,829
250
128,064
95,777
0
2,245
16,492
121,641
250
0
; 1,000
15
7,006
6,866
3,374
16,604
41
0
19,732
56,016
5,700
12,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
"' 0
0
0
0
0
4,791,363
Total
Transfers
Within State
Pounds
305,427,701
300,378,662
190,005,898
139,278,562
109,796,725
93,804,279
63,489,281
60,645,538
59,697,312
54,432,138
44,804,558
42,167,829
37,604,678
35,146,820
26,980,371
25,206,631
25,194,689
21,764,389
21,378,149
20,884,900
19,937,920
14,836,728
13,827,958
12,279,672
10,911,175
9,293,819
8,000,968
7,474,288
7,314,344
6,580,882
6,051,270
5,406,492
4,328,868
3,937,579
3,628,454
3,550,561
3,262,278
2,155,790
1,745,432
693.19T
590,466
249,035
72,381
58,890
45,137
41,776
21,862
10,323
1,033
451
0
0
0
1,824,398,139
34
-------
THE 1991 TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY
PUBLIC DATA RELEASE
1991 Releases and Transfers
by Chemical
35
-------
TR1 Data Section |
Table 1-10. Top 50 Chemicals for Largest Releases, 1991.
CAS
Number
7664-41-7
7647-01-0
67-56-1
108-88-3
67-64-1
7664-36-2
7664-93-9
71-55-6
1330-20-7
78-93-3
75-15-0
75-09-2
7782-50-5
6484-52-2
74-85-1
76-13-1
79-01-6
71-36-3
100-42-5
108-10-1
7697-37-2
115-07-1
75-05-8
67-66-3
79-10-7
71-43-2
110-82-7
107-21-1
7783-20-2
7440-50-8
127-18-4
463-58-1
50-00-0
75-71-8
75-69-4
7440-66-6
7439-96-5 (
108-95-2
75-07-0
7664-39-3
100-41-4
108-05-4
107-13-1
7429-90-5
Chemical
Ammonia
Hydrochloric acid
Mcthanol
Toluene
Acetone
Phosphoric acid
Sulfuric acid
1,1,1-Trichloro ethane
Zinc compounds
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Methyl ethyl ketone
Carbon disulfide
Dichloromethane
Chlorine
Manganese compounds
Ammonium nitrate (solution)
Copper compounds
Glycol ethers
Ethylene
Freon 113
Trichloroethylene
n-Butyl alcohol
Styrene
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Chromium compounds
Nitric acid
Propylene
Acctonitrile
Chloroform
Acrylic acid
Benzene
Cyclohexane
Ethylene glycol
Ammonium sulfate (solution)
Copper
Tetrachloroethylene
Carbonyl sulfide
Formaldehyde
Lead compounds
Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12)
Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11)
Zinc (fume or dust)
Manganese
Phenol
Acetaldehyde
Hydrogen fluoride
Ethylbenzene
Vinyl acetate
Acrylonitrile
Aluminum (fume or dust)
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Fugitive or Stack or
Nonpoint Air Point Air
Emissions ' Emissions
Pounds Pounds
46,929,186
4,634,850
35,913,043
73,620,294
84,674,684
314,776
1477,640
69,230,762
1417,384
27,683,616
33,149,766
2,626,842
31,726,830
1,715,251
490,885
55,453
2,378,725
10,235,089
16,137,889
23,983,423
16,642,065
6,977,261
10,161,049
8,411,877
134,838
685,940
13,422,010
743,749
7,660,997
232,485
9,971,308
6,605,946
4,467,944
19,639
408,618
6,482,575
5,627
1,780,780
348,258
8^06,516
5,339,896
765,614
687,932
2,498,507
2,323,247
3,565,926
2,876,381
1,102,871
520,853
523,990
592,471,087
626,379,396
141,696,062
78,286,624
163,769,926
124,944,414
75,522,340
1,002,123
20,099,089
68,274,801
2,710,343
87,869,367
70,271,889
86,712,281
47,611,641
75,894,219
755429
1,978,009
1,870,707
33,678,910
22,133,970
11,874,228
18,416,403
22,741,844
18,315,297
18,786,642
427,257
2,594,202
9,418,860
623,983
11,421,891
178,113
7403,182
10477,659
6,192,193
265,457
864,627
10,204,876
16,719441
8,437,687
1,059,351
6,545,211
6,382,210
1,168,410
409,038
3,832,788
4,757;670
5,615,266
5,764,613
4,383,624'
1,668,036
4,210,547
1,326,442,950
1,384,174,669
Surface
Water
Discharge:
Pounds
41,137,132
2,143,954
20,064,023
104,645
1,206,217
114,363,613
37,243,237
21,803
1,325,812
50,801
141,354
58,634
98,877
696,282
698,968
7,808,136
158,621
507,487
17,015
3,264
12,750
257,497
25,609
167,405
335,233
167,773
4,685
20,396
769469
712
26,896
12,606
2,299,613
7,592,647
56,040
7,448
0
616,001
117,976
89
5,156
28,080
144,676
163,915
75,314
5,464
16,608
9,900
1,959
56,841
240,848,733
243,513,772
Underground Releases
s Injection to Land
Pounds Pounds
240,682,883
190,422,615
28,877,462
1,373,207
3,463,348
26,545
94,720,218
2,805
228,007
139,948
355,736
2,835
1,317,706
72,552
15,327
32,736,428
225,310
176,033
. 0
558
800
4,382,276
22,080
161,600
34,619
21,128,099
0
19,090,831
65,089
18,923,000
834,242
591,703
3,654,273
7,523,816
14,011
14,000
0
5,220,067
928
16,008
1,428
115
522
3,192,210
2,328,187
1
94,637
3,088,362
4,732,983
0
689,955,410
710,377,137
14,763,305
12,193,916
3,634,255
185,012
466,862
47,311,554
7,678,646
171,807
114,062,672
335,613
180,492
1 260
117,788
119,630
68,528,067
8,426,270
42,424,235
711,313
0
89,780
62,991
107,321
389,929
177,939
24,761,345
585,053
114,000
5,620
22,150
94
111,928
27,757
908,167
2,106,747
15,439,598
23,302
0
242,466
13,699,094
32,805
10,203
9,216,574
9,848,116
324,921
37,904
25,259
53,124
7,237
13,293
1,420,310
401,176,724
421,428,144
Total
Releases
Pounds
485,208,568
287,681,959
252,258,709
200,227472
165,333,451
163,018,611
161,318,830
137,701,978
119,844,218
116,079345
104,099,237
89,400,852
80,872,842
78,497,934
70,488,776
51,004,296
47,057498
45,308,832
38,288,874
35,951,253
35,135,009
34,466,199
28,913,964
27,705,463
25,693,292
25,161,067
22,959,555
20,484479
19,939,696
19,334,404
18,447,556
17,815,671
17,522,190
17,508,306
16,782,894
16,732,201
16,725,168
16,297,001
15,225,607
15,100,629
11,738,893
11,178,793
11,090,284
10,012,341
9422,322
9,211,916
8,805,363
8,591,994
6,937,124
6,211,688
3,250,894,904
3,385,873,118
36
-------
1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Table 1-11. The 15 Chemicals with the Largest Emissions to Air, 1991.
CAS
Number
67-56-1
108-88-3
7664-41-7
67-64-1
71-55-6
1330-20-7
78-93-3
75-15-0
7647-01-0
75-09-2
7782-50-5
74-85-1
76-13-1
79-01-6
Chemical
Methanol
Toluene
Ammonia
Acetone
1, 1 , 1-Trichloroethane
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Methyl ethyl ketone
Carbon disulfide
Hydrochloric acid
Dichloromethane
Chlorine
Glycol ethers
Ethylene
FreonllS
Trichloroethylene ,
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
199,682,969
198,564,708
188,625,248
160,197,024
137,505,563
115,552,983
103,421,655
89,339,123
82,921,474
79,338,471
77,609,470
.43,913,999
,38,271,859
35,857,651
35,058",468
1,585,860,665
2,010,554,065
Table 1-12. The 15 Chemicals with the Largest Discharges to Surface Water, 1991.
CAS
Number
7664-38-2
7664-41-7
7664-93-9
67-56-1
6484-52-2
7783-20-2
107-21-1
7647-01-0
67-64-1
67-66-3
7782-50-5
50-00-0
Chemical
Phosphoric acid
Ammonia
Sulfuric acid
Methanol
Ammonium nitrate (solution)
Ammonium sulfate (solution)
Ethylene glycol
Hydrochloric acid
Zinc compounds
Acetone
Chloroform
Manganese compounds
Chlorine
Formaldehyde
Glycol ethers
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Surface Water
Discharges
Pounds
114,363,613
41,137,132 '
37,243,237
20,064,023
7,808,136
7,592,647
2,299,613
2,143,954
1,325,812
1,206,217
769,569
698,968
696,282
616,001
507,487
238,472,691
243,513,772
37
-------
Mm_ TRI Pa1a Section I
Table 1-13. The 15 Chemicals with the Largest Underground Injection, 1991.
CAS
Number
7664-41-7
7647-01-0
7664-93-9
6484-52-2
67-56-1
7697-37-2
75-05-8
79-10-7
7783-20-2
50-00-0
107-13-1
79-06-1
71-36-3
107-21-1
Chemical
Ammonia
Hydrochloric acid
Sulfuric acid
Ammonium nitrate (solution)
Methanol
Nitric acid
Acetonitrile
Acrylic acid
Ammonium sulfate (solution)
Formaldehyde
Acrylonitrile
Acrylamide
n-Butyl alcohol ,
Cyanide compounds
Ethylene glycol
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Underground
Injection
Pounds
240,682,883
190,422,615
94,720,218
32,736,428
28,877,462
21,128,099
19,090,831
18,923,000
7,523,816
5,220,067
4,732,983
4,594,900
4,382,276
3,781,837
3,654,273
680,471,688
710,377,137
Table 1-14. The 15 Chemicals with the Largest Releases to Land, 1991.
CAS
Number
7664-38-2
7440-50-8
7664-41-7
7647-01-0
7439-96-5
7440-66-6
6484-52-2
7664-93-9
67-56-1
Chemical
Zinc compounds
Manganese compounds ;
Phosphoric acid
Copper compounds
Chromium compounds
Copper
Ammonia
Lead compounds
Hydrochloric acid
Manganese
Zinc (fume or dust) :
Ammonium nitrate (solution)
Sulfuric acid
Barium compounds
Methanol
Subtotal ;
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Releases
to Land
Pounds
114,062,672
68,528,067
47,311,554
42,424,235
24,761,345
15,439,598
14,763,305
13,699,094
12,193,916
9,848,116
9,216,574
8,426,270
7,678,646
4,005,169
3,634,255
395,992,816
421,428,144
38
-------
1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Table 1-15. The 15 Chemicals with the Largest Transfers to Publicly Owned Treatment Works, 1991.
CAS
Number
67-56-1
7664-41-7
7783-20-2
7664-93-9
107-21-1
7647-01-0
67-64-1
7697-37-2
6484-52-2
7664-38-2
50-00-0
108-95-2
71-36-3
Chemical
Methanol
Ammonia
Ammonium sulfate (solution)
Sulfuric acid
Ethylene glycol
Hydrochloric acid
Acetone
Glycol ethers
Nitric acid
Ammonium nitrate (solution)
Phosphoric acid
Formaldehyde
Phenol
Manganese compounds
n-Butyl alcohol
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
113,854,683
96,492,357
42,154,207
34,175,276
18,602,841
16,566,697
14,475,090
9,286,863
8,648,779
5,984,399
5,498,173
5,482,598
5,401,118
3,341,541
2,208,281
382,172,903
411,907,098
Table 1-16. The 15 Chemicals wfth the Largest Off-site Transfers forTreatment, 1991.
CAS
Number
7664-93-9
67-56-1
7647-01-0
108-88-3
1330-20-7
7697-37-2
67-64-1
75-09-2
78-93-3
7664-41-7
71-55-6
7783-20-2
107-21-1
107-06-2
Chemical
Sulfuric acid
Methanol
Hydrochloric acid
Toluene
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Nitric acid
Acetone
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Zinc compounds
Ammonia
1 , 1 , 1-Trichloroethane
Ammonium sulfate (solution)
Ethylene glycol
1 ,2-Dichloroethane
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
44,343,292
37,951,338
35,103,614
20,171,434
19,031,424
14,022,809
13,328,807
11,956,118
9,365,077
9,336,028
6,964,023
6,743,974 "
6,588,517
5,948,273
5,722,194
246,576,922
352,433,168
39
-------
1
TRI Data Section
Table 1-17. The 15 Chemicals with the Largest Off-site Transfers for Disposal, 1991.
CAS
Number
6484-52-2
7664-93-9
7439-96-5
7647-01-0
7440-50-8
7429-90-5
1332-21-4
7439-92-1
7440-47-3
Chemical
Zinc compounds ;
Ammonium nitrate (solution)
Sulfuric acid .
Manganese compounds
Barium compounds
Manganese
Hydrochloric acid
Copper
Chromium compounds
Lead compounds
Copper compounds
Aluminum (fume or dust)
Asbestos (friable)
Lead
Chromium
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
40,753,446
39,237,767
31,353,990
20,715,032
16,639,604
12,738,621
12,733,345
12,273,545
10,472,628
9,981,379
6,693,964
5,836,393
5,534,023
5,512,965
5,500,165
235,976,867
299,042,451
Table 1-18. The 15 Chemicals with the Largest Off-site Transfers for Energy Recovery, 1991.
CAS
Number
108-88-3
1330-20-7
67-56-1
67-64-1
78-93-3
75-65-0
108-10-1
100-41-4
100-42-5
71-36-3
79-10-7
85-44-9
7647-01-0
110-82-7
Chemical
Toluene
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Methanol
Acetone
Methyl ethyl ketone
tert-Butyl alcohol
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Glycol ethers !
Ethylbenzene
Styrene
n-Butyl alcohol
Acrylic acid
Phthalic anhydride
Hydrochloric acid
Cyclohexane
Subtotal
Total for AH TRI Chemicals
Transfers to
Energy Recovery
Pounds
80,207,715
66,547,878
63,132,911
40,265,509
35,111,556
26,160,445
18,801,198
11,663,373
8,664,046
8,502,579 '
6,750,269
5,010,030
4,684,778
4,415,525
4,114,655 ,
384,032,467
438,225,342
40
-------
1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Table 1-19. The 15 Chemicals with the Largest Off-site Transfers for Recycling, 1991.
CAS
Number
7664-93-9
7440-50-8
,
107-21-1
7440-66-6
7440-47-3
7647-01-0
7439-96-5
1330-20-7
7440-02-0
7439-92-1
75-09-2
Chemical
Sulfuric acid
Copper
Lead compounds
Zinc compounds
Copper compounds
Ethylene glycol
Zinc (fume or dust)
Chromium
Hydrochloric acid
Manganese
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Nickel
Lead
Dichloromethane
Manganese compounds
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
883,134,485
289,976,983
166,608,749
141,091,759
93,403,884
91,411,758
67,787,514
50,766,527
42,004,594
41,442,691
38,885,924
38,882,197
38,232,373
29,163,629
28,667,700
2,041,460,767
2,354,123,586
41
-------
1
TRI Data Section
Table 1-20. Releases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1991 (Alphabetically Ordered).
CAS
Number
75-07-0
60-35-5
67-64-1
75-05-8
107-02-8
79-06-1
79-10-7
107-13-1
107-18-6
107-05-1
7429-90-5
1344-28-1
60-09-3
92-67-1
7664-41-7
6484-52-2
7783-20-2
62-53-3
90-04-0
104-94-9
120-12-7
7440-36-0
7440-38-2
1332-21-4
7440-39-3
98-87-3
71-43-2
98-07-7
98-88-4
94-36-0
100-44-7
7440-41-7
92-52-4
111-44-4
542-88-1
108-60-1
103-23-1
353-59-3
75-25-2
74-83-9
75-63-8
106-99-0
141-32-2
71-36-3
78-92-2
75-65-0
85-68-7
106-88-7
123-72-8
569-64-2
989-38-8
2832-40-8
81-88-9
97-56-3
7440-43-9
156-62-7
133-06-2
Rank
by Total
Chemical Releases
Acetaldehyde
Acetamide
Acetone
Acctonitrilc
Acrolein
Acrylamide
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
Allyl alcohol
Allyl chloride
Aluminum (fume or dust)
Aluminum oxide
(fibrous forms)
4-Aminoazobenzene
4-Aminobiphenyl
Ammonia
Ammonium nitrate (solution)
Ammonium sulfate (solution)
Aniline
o-Anisidine
p-Anisidine
Anthracene
Antimony
Arsenic
Asbestos (friable)
Barium
Bcnzal chloride
Benzene
Bcnzoic trichloride
Benzoyl chloride
Benzoyl peroxide
Benzyl chloride
Beryllium
Biphenyl
Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether
Bis(chloromethyl) ether
Bis(2-chloro-l-methyl-
elhyl)ether
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate
Bromochlorodifluoromethane
(Halon 1211)
Bromoform
Bromomethane
Bromotrifluoromethane
(Halon 1301)
1,3-Butadiene
Butyl aery late
n-Butyl alcohol
sec-Butyl alcohol
tert-Butyl alcohol
Butyl benzyl phthalate
1,2-Butylene oxide
Butyraldehyde
C.I. Basic Green 4
C.I. Basic Red 1
C.I. Disperse Yellow 3
C.I. Food Red 15
C.I. Solvent Yellow 3
Cadmium
Calcium cyanamide
Caplan
45
259
5
28
137
56
30
49
144
140
50
130
244
276
1
16
34
69
206
264
157
177
, 77
106
118
226
31
201
180
187
179
174
94
215
239
205
139
191
222
68
141
59
128
22
97
72
119
156
107
262
246
231
278
272
197
158
190
Fugitive or
Nonppint Air
Emissions
Pounds
2,323,247
10
84,674,684
743,749
8,179
. 60,668
232,485
520,853
27,628
155,176
.523,990
23,646
0
' 0
46,929,186
55,453
19,639
130,452
! 765
. ' 5
25,778
3,964
3,836
5,610
94,605
1,550
9,971,308
7,686
23,446
648
18,189
6
677,182
2,950
2,
2,090
69,541
8,388
150
404,146
171,287
2,050,374
- 151,355
6,977,261
228,025
760,910
109,517
48,928
165,671
6
i 0
336
0
0
1,857
12,000
1,883
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
4,757,670
25
75,522,340
623,983
20,321
3,496
178,113
1,668,036
47,624
24,977
4,210,547
41,268
1
0
141,696,062
1,978,009
265,457
496,579
260
8
29,716
17,300
3,734
6,952
21,806
11
7,503,182
261
3,420 '
1,656
8,934
1,372
183,323
594
572
1,520
73,183
3,570
0
2,041,449
8,820
1,900,003
141,386
22,741,844
409,563
424,781
192,762
10,836
267,829
6
0
0
1
5
3,091
625
5,233
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
75,314
5
1,206,217
20,396
7
4,635
712
1,959
5,555
5
56,841
1,571
0
0
41,137,132
7,808,136
7,592,647
26,801
187
5
1,158
1,223
940
252
5,093
0
26,896
0
5
5
15
101
18,700
0
0
1,800
50
0
0
0
0
5,049
1,273
257,497
4,486
129,510
1,177
3,490
575
14
0
26
0
0
661
0
260
Underground
Injection
Pounds
2,328,187
0
3,463,348
19,090,831
205,898
4,594,900
18,923,000
4,732,983
44,560
145
0
0
440
4
240,682,883
32,736,428
7,523,816
1,603,259
0
0
0
120
0
0
0
0
834,242
0
0
0
20
0
47,318
0
0
0
0
0
1,900 ,
1,000
0
0
0
4,382,276
170,000
827,562
0
0
144,427
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4,500
Releases
to Land
Pounds
37,904
0
466,862
5,620
0
1,500
94
13,293
100
0
1,420,310
213,286
0
0
14,763,305
8,426,270
2,106,747
1,068
3,800
0
2,433
5,745
1,734,513
' 585,676
261,262
0
111,928
0
250
13,205
0
29,023
30,162
0
0
0
81,715
0
0
'o
0
8,881
55
107,321
14
497
75,866
5
28
0
375
782
0
0
2,753
40,005
260
Total
Releases
Pounds
9,522,322
40
165,333,451
20,484,579
234,405
4,665,199
19,334,404
6,937,124
125,467
180,303
6,211,688
279,771
441
4
485,208,568
51,004,296
17,508,306
2,258,159
5,012
18
59,085
28,352
1,743,023
598,490
382,766
1,561
18,447,556
7,947
27,121
15,514
27,158
30,502
956,685
3,544
574
5,410
224,489
11,958
2,050
2,446,595
180,107
3,964,307
294,069
34,466,199
812,088
2,143,260
379,322
63,259
578,530
26
375
1,144
1
5
8,362
52,630
12,136
42
-------
1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
Acetaldehyde
Acetamide
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Acrolein
Aciylamide
Acrylic acid
Aciylonitrile
Allyl alcohol
Allyl chloride
Aluminum (fume or dust)
Aluminum oxide
(fibrous forms)
4-Aminoazobenzene
4-Aminobiphenyl
Ammonia
Ammonium nitrate (solution)
Ammonium sulfate (solution)
Aniline
o-Anisidine
p-Anisidine
Anthracene
Antimony
Arsenic
Asbestos (friable)
Barium
Benzal chloride
Benzene
Benzoic trichloride
BenzoyI chloride
Benzoyl peroxide
Benzyl chloride
Beryllium
Biphenyl
Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether
Bis(chloromethyl) ether
Bis(2-chloro-l-methyl-
ethyl)ether
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate
Bromochlorodifluoromethane
(Halon 1211)
Bromoform
Bromomethane
Bromotrifluoromethane
(Halon 1301)
1,3-Butadiene
Butyl acrylate
n-Butyl alcohol
sec-Butyl alcohol
tert-Butyl alcohol
Butyl benzyl phthalate
1,2-Butylene oxide
Butyraldehyde
C.I. Basic Green 4
C.I. Basic Red 1
C.I. Disperse Yellow 3
C.I.FoodRedl5
C.I. Solvent Yellow 3
Cadmium
Calcium cyanamide
Captan
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
153,583
29,000
14,475,090
581,095
0
95,578
47,439
297,197
119,183
11,754
13,271
269,012
0
0
96,492,357
5,984,399
42,154,207
1,306,755
3,395
8
597
3,228
566
1,707
84,381
0
613,449
0
230
17,192
28,749
0
782,600
15,841
0
0
20,155
0
0
0
0
11,650
138,351
2,208,281
14,464
1,339,777
40,364
5
260,475
18,132
0
0
1,400
0
260,309
0
255
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
250,717
2,638
13,328,807
2,540,160
13
35,230
349,226
2,034,833
376,143
302,388
341,976
87,339
0
0
6,964,023
557,468
6,588,517
383,469
10
0
25,279
10,097
160,462
33,790
70,137
0
1,656,194
0
493,270
62,192
73,051
245
183,296
447,600
0
0
34,491
0
250
320
0
124,385
38,736
3,349,795
27,216
324,704
149,535
907
2,083
0
0
0
0
10
68,200
0
3,755
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
1,043
0
515,726
150,672
3
9,175
63,956
21,244
107,580
240
5,836,393
2,087,546
0
0
4,945,536
39,237,767
487,522
71,241
71
0
124,353
509,533
464,151
5,534,023
556,032
0
142,460
0
0
5,860
205
117,582
40,601
0
2
0
213,194
0
99,300 ,
15
0
13,362
15,098
293,657
1,723
788,854
308,212
0
388
1,995
375
125
0
0
665,482
0
12,748
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
128,185
0
40,265,509
2,434,262
10,681
1,019
5,010,030
81,902
370,214
33,000
310
21,800
0
0
100,788
0
0
1,632,669
0
0
399,543
1,997
18
0
4,423
- 35,000
3,675,466
0
18,421
911
200,005
10
315,254
350
0
0
106,868
0
0
420
0
377,354
124,590
6,750,269
3,904,139
26,160,445
117,271
326,019
911
0
271
0
5
0
813
0
0
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
12,300
0
17,524,793
5,224,305
0
138
6,690
16,540
0
0
9,476,329
1,176,337
0
0
7,177,077
767,770
400,000
0
0
.0
100
881,923
150,723
0
35,941
0
353,205
0
0
11,000
0
77,731
194,826
0
0
0
16,709
0
0
121,000
0
5,537,690
114,618
2,813,102,
25,317
0
98,043
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
135,266
0
0
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
102,116
0
' 0
0
0
0
0
0
3,933
13,736
0
0
102,961
0
33,971
2,442
0
0
0
12,350
0
0
2,400
0
385
0
0
0
0
0
300
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
30,083
0
0
0
0
0
499
0
0
0
0
4,804
0
0
Total
Transfers
Pounds
545,828
31,638
86,212,041
10,930,494
10,697
141,140
5,477,341
2,451,716
973,120
347,382
15,672,212
3,655,770
0
0
115,782,742
'46,547,404
49,664,217
3,396,576
3,476
8
549,872
1,419,128
775,920
5,569,520
753,314
35,000
6,441,159
0
511,921
97,155
302,010
195,568
1,516,877
463,791
2
0
391,417
0
99,550
121,755
0
6,064,441
431,393
15,445,187
3,972,859
28,613,780
! 713,425
326,941
263,857
20,626
646
125
1,405
10
1,134,874
0
16,758
43
-------
1
TRI Data Section |
Table 1-20. Releases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1991 (Ordered Alphabetically), Continued.
CAS
Number
63-25-2
75-15-0
56-23-5
463-58-1
120-80-9
57-74-9
7782-50-5
10049-04-4
79-11-8
532-27-4
108-90-7
75-00-3
67-66-3
74-87-3
107-30-2
126-99-8
1897-45-6
7440-47-3
7440-48-4
7440-50-8
8001-58-9
120-71-8
1319-77-3
108-39-4
95-48-7
106-44-5
98-82-8
80-15-9
135-20-6
110-82-7
94-75-7
1163-19-5
615-05-4
39156-41-7
101-80-4
25376-45-8
95-80-7
132-64-9
96-12-8
106-93-4
124-73-2
84-74-2
25321-22-6
95-50-1
541-73-1
106-46-7
91-94-1
75-27-4
75-71-8
107-06-2
540-59-0
75-09-2
120-83-2
78-87-5
78-88-6
542-75-6
Chemical
Carbaryl
Carbon disulfide
Carbon tetrachloride
Carbonyl sulfide
Catechol
Chlordane
Chlorine
Chlorine dioxide
Chloroacetic acid
2-Chloroacetophenone
Chlorobenzene
Chloroethane
Chloroform
Chloromethane
Chloromcthyl methyl ether
Chloroprene
Chlorothalonil
Chromium
Cobalt
Copper
Creosote
p-Cresidine
Cresol (mixed isomers)
m-Cresol
o-Cresol
p-Cresol
Cumene
Cumene hydroperoxide
Cupferron
Cyclohexane
2,4-D (acetic acid)
Dccabromodiphenyl oxide
2,4-Diaminoanisole
2,4-Diaminoanisole sulfate
4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl ether
Diaminotoluene
(mixed isomers)
2,4-Diaminotoluene
Dibenzofuran
Rank
by Total
Releases
199
12
83
37
122
228
14
58
103
277
67
64
29
51
216
80
217
79
148
35
76
243
84
104
105
117
.61
110
230
32
173
132
280
281
233
163
210
167
l,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane 249
1 ,2-Dibromoethane
Dibromotetrafluoroethane
(Halon 2402)
Dibutyl phthalate
Dichlorobcnzene
(mixed isomers)
1,2-DichIorobenzene
1 ,3-Dichlorobenzene
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
3,3'-DichIorobenzidine
Dichlorobromomethane
Dichlorodifluoromethane
(CFC-12)
1 ,2-Dichlorocthane
1,2-Dichloroethylene
Dichloromethane
2,4-Dichlorophenol
1 ,2-Dichloropropane
2,3-DichIoropropene
1,3-Dichloropropylene
169
203
126
150
113
204
123
268
253
40
57
164
13
165
98
189
185
Fugitive or
NonpointAir
Emissions
Pounds
2,022
2,626,842
528,100
5,627
4,035
1,248
1,715,251
146,153
66,762
1
1,228,868
1,397,212
7,660,997
1,431,983
30
103,489
1,921
450,919
. 29,787
408,618
622,554
160
349,690
66,736
29,463
45,348
1,080,084
83,935
0
6,605,946
10,049
21,697
0
0
7
17,963
3,800
18,439
290
8,642
250
58,761
4,446
i
175,806
878
47,159
5
:2oo
8,506,516
812,464
14,925
31,726,830
885
227,847
4,600
11,895
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
4,825
86,712,281
1,018,701
16,719,541
1,751
179
75,894,219
3,816,182
446,920
1
1,167,233
1,466,057
11,421,891
4,266,748
3,305
1,367,033
1,330
105,487
42,134
864,627
1,139,297
68
391,758
11,098
31,802
90,329
2,197,610
13,922
1,200
10,577,659
6,161
26,043
0
0
697
2,620
10
21,608
0
29,560
6,300
91,271
73,649
242,646 '
3,941
289,005
5
0
6,545,211
3,182,959
29,857
47,611,641
547
545,596
486
8,510
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
260
58,634
2,844
0
254,267
1
696,282
13,760
1,696
0
5,165
16,078
769,569
101,838
0
, 2
13
17,289
4,289
56,040
3,862 :
5
3,661
445
11
2,046
2,011
242
0
12,606
262
3,817
0
0
337
1,110
250
505
0
73
0
8,907
2
3,962
779
2,146
0
0
89
23,564
12
98,877
1
6,570
47
0
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
2,835
42,470
0
0
0
72,552
0
0
0
177,032
300
65,089
192,600
0
71,000
0
531
0 .
14,011
0
0
749,531
560,000
550,000
252,200
9,189
422,600
0
591,703
1,291
38
0
0
0
24,000
0
0
0
240
0
160,000
0
19,000
0
2,000
0
0
16,008
6,334
. 0
1,317,706
42,800
0
7,132
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
1,170
260
2,152
0
86,600
0
119,630
120
123,675
0
1,534
10
22,150
0
0
137,011
0
1,155,527
13,706 .
15,439,598
10,780
250
2,528
10
4,860
3,259
21,757
240
0
27,757
13,260
220,075
0
0
0
10
0
1,882
0
2
0
5,069
9
21,153
0
420
0
0
32,805
7,051
0 .
117,788
1
0
0
0
Total
Releases
Pounds
8,277
89,400,852
1,594,267
16,725,168
346,653
1,428
78,497,934
3,976,215
639,053
2
2,579,832
2,879,657
19,939,696
5,993,169
3,335
1,678,535
3,264
1,729,753
89,916
16,782,894
1,776,493
483
1,497,168
638,289
616,136
393,182
3,310,651
520,939
1,200
17,815,671
31,023
271,670
0
0
1,041
45,703
. 4,060
42,434
290
38,517
6,550
324,008
78,106
462,567
5,598
340,730
10
200
15,100,629
4,032,372
44,794
80,872,842
44,234
780,013
12,265
20,405
44
-------
1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
Carbaryl
Carbon disulfide
Carbon tetrachloride
Carbonyl sulfide
Catechol
Chlordane
Chlorine
Chlorine dioxide
Chloroacetic acid
2-Chloroacetophenone
Chlorobenzene
Chloroethane
Chloroform
Chloromethane
Chloromethyl methyl ether
Chloroprene
Chlorothalonil
Chromium
Cobalt
Copper
Creosote
p-Cresidine
Cresol (mixed isomers)
m-Cresol
o-Cresol
p- Cresol
Cumene
Cumene hydroperoxide
Cupferron
Cyclohexane
2,4-D (acetic acid)
Decabromodiphenyl oxide
2,4-DiaminoanisoIe
2,4-Diaminoanisole sulfate
4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl ether
Diaminotoluene
(mixed isomers)
2,4-Diaminotoluene
Dibenzofuran
l,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane
1,2-Dibromoethane
Dibromotetrafluoroethane
(Halon 2402)
Dibutyl phthalate
Dichlorobenzene
(mixed isomers)
1 ,2-Dichlorobenzene
1 ,3-DichIorobenzene
1 ,4-Dichlorobenzene
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine
Dichlorobromomethane
Dichlorodifluoromethane
(CFC-12)
1,2-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethylene
Dichloromethane
2,4-Dichlorophenol
1,2-Dichloropropane
2,3-Dichloropropene
1,3-Dichloropropylene
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
0
193,658
621
o
237,081
69
964,055
14,783
3,279
0
15,346
5
809,427
73,961
0
35,000
293
396,151
9,878
414,699
17,024
18,368
18,356
11,918
55,341
1,062,305
163,552
265
1,200
26,599
350
43,538
85
250
5
54,369
620
500
0
2
0
14,535
7,410
84,218
160
11,068
15
0
4,484
26,294
0
1,308,202
0
7,100
0
0
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
9,937
331,628
939,774
0
39,630
292
402,410
0
4,427
0
3,769,332
310,731
1,755,778
2,807,970
0
168,345
6,412
913,036
29,542
2,487,264
586,725
1
252,873
39,458
18,922
24,251
55,282
7,423
0
1,087,208
105,891
43,567
0
0
3,962
544,862
5,710
16,943
0
838
0
109,797
111,339
2,413,025
3,966
111,019
19,116
0
93,114
5,722,194
359
11,956,118
0
2
454,340
920
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
6,032
3,746
39,111
0
74,667
0
57,594
.0
1,954
0
105,184
0
71,518
3,061
35
3,241
204,538
5,500,165
566,662
12,273,545
1,995,572'
2,680
6,563
23,451
11,759
16,104
16,392
25,465
0
24,184
13,326
743,947
0
0
120
21,702
6,060
108,602
0
750
0
70,751
9
427,032
22
770
4,650
0
34,275
6,479
0
495,762
0
2,073
0
0
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
..0
174,690
11,061
0
35,305
0
5
0
0
: o
869,603
24,440
255,288
14,910
0
3,700
653
6,576
4
3,518
663,755
0
256,262
9,622
4,342
28,829
744,749
2,101
0
4,114,655
0
8,551
0
0
0
578,455 '
8,396
4,346
0
842
0
176,958
325,693
1,079,191
0
36,530
0
0
1,841
51,917
0
3,717,385
750
0
0
0
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
0
33,804
390,625
0
50
0
621,626
0
0
0
854,720
140,250
2,077,870
52,663
0
130,000
0
50,766,527
5,273,087
289,976,983
471,700
0
635,081
490
' 258
0
80,857
0
0 .
579,083
0
49,163
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4,660
0
1,490,896
800
4
0
0
91,660
19,363,730
2,000
29,163,629
0
0
0
0
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
1,684
0
0
. 0
39,020
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
174,775
12
834,018
13,680
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
119,416
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10,063
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
153,456
0
0
0
0
Total
Transfers
Pounds
15,969
737,526
1,382,876
0
386,733
361
2,084,710
14,783
9,660
0
5,614,185
475,426
4,969,884
2,952,565
35
340,286
211,896'
57,757,230
5,879,185
305,990,027
3,748,456
21,049
1,169,135
84,939
90,622
1,131,489
1,060,832
35,254
1,200
5,951,145
119,567
888,766
85
250
4,087
: 1,199,388
20,786
130,391
0
2,432
0
386,764
444,451
5,494,362
4,948
159,391
23,781
0
225,374
25,170,614
2,359
46,794,552
750
9,175
454,340
920
45
-------
1
TRI Data Section
Table 1-20. Releases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1991 (Ordered Alphabetically), Continued.
CAS
Number
76-14-2
62-73-7
115-32-2
1464-53-5
111-42-2
117-81-7
84-66-2
64-67-5
119-90-4
57-14-7
105-67-9
131-11-3
77-78-1
99-65-0
528-29-0
100-25-4
534-52-1
51-28-5
121-14-2
606-20-2
25321-14-6
117-84-0
123-91-1
106-89-8
110-80-5
140-88-5
100-41-4
541-41-3
74-85-1
107-21-1
75-21-8
96-45-7
2164-17-2
50-00-0
76-13-1
76-44-8
118-74-1
87-68-3
77-47-4
67-72-1
302-01-2
10034-93-2
7647-01-0
74-90-8
7664-39-3
123-31-9
78-84-2
67-63-0
80-05-7
120-58-1
7439-92-1
58-89-9
108-31-6
12427-38-2
7439-96-5
7439-97-6
67-56-1
72-43-5
Chemical
Dichlorotetrafluoroethane
(CFC-114)
Dichlorvos
Dicofol
Diepoxybutane
Diethanolamine
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
Diethyl phthalate
Dicthyl sulfate
3,3'-Dimcthoxybenzidine
1,1-Dimethyl hydrazine
2,4-Dimethylphenol
Dimethyl phthalate
Dimethyl sulfate
m-Dinitro benzene
o-Dinitrobenzene
p-Dinitrobenzene
4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol
2,4-Dlnitrophenol
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
2,6-Dinitrotoluene
Dinitrotoluenc
(mixed isomers)
n-Dioctyl phthalate
1,4-Dioxane
Epichlorohydrin
2-Ethoxyethanol
Ethyl aery late
Ethylbenzene
Ethyl chlorofoimate
Ethylene
Ethylene glycol
Ethylene oxide
Ethylene thiourea
Huometuron
Fonnaldehyde
Freon 113
Heptachlor
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachloro-l,3-butadiene
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
Hexachloroethane
Hydrazine
Hydrazine sulfate
Hydrochloric acid
Hydrogen cyanide
Hydrogen fluoride
Hydroquinone
Isobutyraldehyde
Isopropyl alcohol
(manufacturing)
4,4'-Isopropylidenediphenol
Isosafrole
Lead
Lindane
Maletc anhydride
Mancb
Manganese
Mercuiy
Methanol
Methoxychlor
Rank
by Total
Releases
74
236
271
282
96
89
146
211
275
242
143
153
193
224
235
254
256
155
196
219
151
172
91
112
101
138
47
223
19
33
75
237
252
38
20
273
234
209
182
183
176
142
2
70
46
133
116
85
100
270
60
240
114
261
43
184
3
238
Fugitive or
NonpointAir
Emissions
Pounds
1,694,535
326
5
0
187,534
95,409
11,032
3,610
0
111
18,008
14,147
9,670
502
51
50
, 7
16,585
5,103
1,197
4,593
16,139
365,544
277,040
224,795
108,970
2,876,381
1,254
16,137,889
4,467,944
805,152
24
104
1,780,780
23,983,423
! 5
549
2,420
24,744
1,783
22,354
0
4,634,850
64,031
3,565,926
6,434
118,100
471,421
116,488
; 5
205,524
271
77,182
10
687,932
10^57
35,913,043
251
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
207,258
318
1
0
83,573
948,011
99,649
408
0
378
15,686
51,690
427
899
116
88
43
7,557
312
751
10,386
15,691
352,960
182,110
447,143
122,991
5,764,613
576
22,133,970
6,192,193
987,896
558
113
8,437,687
11,874,228
0
292
990
717
20,926
6,079
2
78,286,624
1,190,762
5,615,266
4,367
272,124
977,470
191,370
5
226,253
291
381,807
19
409,038
6,355
163,769,926
314
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
35
0
0
0
434,060
3,842
678
5
4
0
8
1,198
293
0
0
0
33
3,888
2,682
702
135
557
318,133
5,456
5,022
423
16,608
0
17,015
2,299,613
2,260
0
10
616,001
3,264
0
111
681
23
0
1,520
. 0
2,143,954
8,839
5,464
4,388
91
21,735
4,492
0
20,457
0
460
0
144,676
624
20,064,023
10
Underground
Injection
Pounds
5
0
0
0
60,000
370
0
0
0
0 !
101,000
865
o :
0
0
0
0
35,532
0
0
60,000
0
0
0
0
947 '
94,637
0
0
3,654,273
25,416
0
0
5,220,067
558
0
60
200
5
160
0
150,000
190,422,615
945,926
1
255,705
6,810
200
43,000
0
0
0
255
0
522
0
28,877,462
0 ,
Releases
to Land
Pounds
5
0
0
0
132,585
155,773
2,977
10 '
0
0
26
. 811
0
309
509
24
0
10
1,424
0
0
255 .
15,952
3,675
0
939
53,124
0
0
908,167
50,336
0
5
242,466
89,780
0
1
2
0
2
5
0
12,193,916
17
25,259
6
262
2,077
374,926
0
3,323,695
5
1,155
0
9,848,116
5,287
3,634,255
5
Total
Releases
Pounds
1,901,838
644
6
0
897,752
1,203,405
114,336
4,033
4 '
489
134,728
68,711
10,390
1,710
676
162
83
63,572
9,521
2,650
75,114
32,642
1,052,589
468,281
676,960
234,270
8,805,363
1,830
38,288,874
17,522,190
1,871,060
582
232
16,297,001
35,951,253
5
1,013
4,293
25,489
22,871
29,958
150,002
287,681,959
2,209,575
9,211,916
270,900
397,387
1,472,903
730,276
10
3,775,929
567
460,859
29
11,090,284
22,823
252,258,709
580
46
-------
1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
Dichlorotetrafluoroethane
(CFC-114)
Dichlorvos
Dicofol
Diepoxybutane
Diethanolamine
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phtfaalate
Diethyl phthalate
Diethyl sulfate
3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine
1,1-Dimethyl hydrazine
2,4-Dimethylphenol
Dimethyl phthalate
Dimethyl sulfate
m-Dinitrobenzene
o-Dinitrobenzene
p-Dinitrobenzene
4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol
2,4-Diiiitrophenol
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
2,6-Dinitrotoluene
Dinitrotoluene
(mixed isomers)
n-Dioctyl phthalate
1,4-Dioxane
Epichlorohydrin
2-Ethoxyethanol
Ethyl aciylate
Ethylbenzene
Ethyl chloroformate
Ethylene
Ethylene glycol
Ethylene oxide
Ethylene thiourea
Fluometuron
Formaldehyde
Freon 113
Heptachlor
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachloro- 1 ,3-butadiene
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
Hexachloroelhane
Hydrazine
Hydrazine sulfate
Hydrochloric acid
Hydrogen cyanide
Hydrogen fluoride
Hydroquinone
Isobutyraldehyde
Isopropyl alcohol
(manufacturing)
4,4'-Isopropylidenediphenol
Isosafrole
Lead
Lindane
Maleic anhydride
Maneb
Manganese
Mercury
Methanol
Methoxychlor
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
250
0
0
0
1,311,723
50,531
313,332
, 633
0
0
2,675
82,565
260
0
0
0
26,255
255
0
0
890,000
3,175
254,304
12,703
217,923
19,855
101,944
0
17
18,602,841
114,004
15
1,012
5,482,598
38,402
0
5
4
624
0
6,368
0
16,566,697
271
356,983
168,069
37,444
141,364
32,776
0
306,444
5
6,073
0
161,114
42
113,854,683
0
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
17,400
2,000
7,899
0
367,573
184,000
77,678
805
0
6,360
3,364
58,623
0
26,700
340
0
5,915
5
53,250
250
14,720
45,825
526,359
919,235
139,537
167,145
1,316,257
390
897,754
5,948,273
1,015
11,367
11,625
928,275
1,181,848
5 .
127,143
1,709,379
27,803
166,013
13,515
0
35,103,614
315
2,513,853
22,736
47,587
127,264
21,064
0
1,702,811
7,258
700,645
255
694,623
43,401
37,951,338
159
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
7
1,610
10
0
220,993
969,654
48,747
0
0
26
1,595
17,434
0
0
0
0
11,455
1,200
57
0
55
108,523
76,537
594
20,451
24,621
181,096
0
504
1,300,080
1,604
7,750
17,010
497,947
114,338
0
1,064,793
4,263
3,000
5,011
2,434
0
12,733,345
120
1,080,205
214,630
0
29,555
231,212
0
5,512,965
66
18,370
2,370
12,738,621
114,550
4,666,333
5
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
0
500
0
0
171,046
304,179
12,927
50
0
0
22,069
16,102
0
0
0
0.
100
2,600
110,750
250
0
21,693
232,949
7,800
201,806
783,299
8,664,046
1,200
40,096
4,082,995
0
250
0
102,312
' 454,663
0
0
0
4,000
39,000
38,000
0
4,415,525
250
750
4,132
553,000
412,827
67,980
5
9,082
0
36,342
0
24,538
0
63,132,911
0
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
0
0
0
0
173,587
1,102,094
183,064
7,137,400
0
3
0
250
0
, 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
73,352
44,222
4,669
36,186
200
2,704,241
0
0
91,411,758
0
0
0
62,290
7,784,450
0
1
0
0
0
3
0
42,004,594
0
46,814
10
0
42,173
4,707
0
38,232,373
0
47
0
41,442,691
444,961
12,179,529
0
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
0
434
440
281
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
440
11,677
0
0
3,450
0
0
0
8,433
98,217
0
0
0
0
0
29
0
616,043
0
250
440
0
440
1,214
0
39,308
0
1
0
177,609
0
1,456,494
0
Total
Transfers
Pounds
17,657
4,110
7,909
0
2,245,356
2,610,898
636,029
7,138,888
0
6,389
29,703
174,974
260
26,700
340
0
43,725
4,060
164,057
500
904,775
252,568
1,134,372
. 945,001
615,905
1 995,560
12,979,261
1,590
938,371
121,349,397
116,623
19,382
29,647
7,081,855
9,671,918
5
, 1,191,942
, 1,713,646
35,427
210,024
60,349
0
111,439,818
956
3,998,855
410,017
638,031
753,623
358,953
5
45,802,983
7,329
761,478
2,625
55,239,196
602,954
233,241,288
164
47
-------
1
TRI Dala Section
Table 1-20. Releases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1991 (Ordered Alphabetically), Continued.
CAS
Number
109-86-4
96-33-3
1634-04-4
101-14-4
101-68-8
74-95-3
101-77-9
78-93-3
60-34-4
74-88-4
108-10-1
624-83-9
80-62-6
90-94-8
1313-27-5
76-15-3
91-20-3
134-32-7
7440-02-0
7697-37-2
139-13-9
99-59-2
98-95-3
55-63-0
88-75-5
100-02-7
79-46-9
156-10-5
121-69-7
86-30-6
56-38-2
87-86-5
79-21-0
108-95-2
106-50-3
90-43-7
75-44-5
7664-38-2
7723-14-0
85-44-9
88-89-1
1336-36-3
123-38-6
114-26-1
115-07-1
75-55-8
75-56-9
110-86-1
91-22-5
106-51-4
82-68-8
81-07-2
7782-49-2
7440-22-4
100-42-5
96-09-3
7664-93-9
Chemical
2-Methoxyethanol
Methyl acrylate
Methyl tert-butyl ether
4,4'-Methylenebis
(2-chloro aniline)
Methylenebis(phenyl-
isocyanate)
Methylene bromide
4,4'-Methylenedianiline
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl hydrazine
Methyl iodide
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Methyl isocyanate
Methyl methacrylate
Mi chler's ketone
Molybdenum trioxide
Monochloropenta-
fluoroethane (CFC-115)
Naphthalene
alpha-Naphthylamine
Nickel
Nitric acid
Nitrilotriacetic acid
5-Nitro-o-anisidine
Nitrobenzene
Nitroglycerin
2-Nitro phenol
4-Nitrophenol
2-Nitropropane
p-Nitrosodiphenylamine
N,N-Dimethylaniline
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
Parathion
Pentachlorophenol
Peracetic acid
Phenol
p-Phenylenediamine
2-Phenylphenol
Phosgene
Phosphoric acid
Rank
by Total
Releases
71
135
62
229
99
159
170
11
279
181
24
202
65
283
125
121
66
269
93
26
192
266
109
160
258
194
134
207
149
284
232
186
198
44
214
195
208
f>
Phosphorus (yellow or white) 120
Phthalic anhydride
Picric acid
Polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs)
Propionaldehyde
Propoxur
Propylene
Propyleneimine
Propylene oxide
Pyridine
Qu incline
Quinone " ,
Quintozene
Saccharin (manufacturing)
Selenium
Silver
Styrene
Styrene oxide
Sulfuric acid
102
82
267
86
265
27
245
90
111
152
212
248
247
227
188
23
225
7
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
1,105,988
65,781
788,244
1,015
391,550
38,277
9,013
33,149,766
0
22,544
8,411,877
6,987
587,732
0
46,026
190,872
1,391,603
5
408,694
685,940
5
5
34,483
1,790
0
9,406
31,052
24
24,751
0
267
6,991
1,110
2,498,507
1,054
8,403
2,279
314,776
19,662
112,154
2
0
598,008
10
13,422,010
50
450,934
58,405
20,133
2,205
20
63
525 .
5,555
10,161,049
i,628
1,577,640
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
712,351
169,686
2,249,807
347
234,784
13,010
4,155
70,271,889
0
2,870
18,786,642
798
1,969,763
0
47,911
171,291
1,280,285
5
140,609
2,594,202
0
10
18,125
26,657
2
'127
74,695
0
26,605
0
280
5,517
3,982
3,832,788
2,497
1,054
2,109
1,002,123
3,847
519,670
1
0
790,001
5
9,418,860
350
615,690
51,587
24,958
1,807
286
251
511
7,849
18,315,297
47
20,099,089
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
364,059
919
30,901
0
10
0
1,486
141,354
0
13
167,405
0
6,373
0
78,785
5
31,484
0
53,883 .
167,773
4,100
0
850
12,399
40
600
380
0
30,430
0
255
2,278
10
163,915
0
224
5
114,363,613
2,273
13,164
2
0
63
0
4,685
0
10,181
4,930
2,660
0
0
0
188
119
25,609
0
37,243,237
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
161
81,690
0
0
0
22,062
355,736
0
740
161,600
0
270,000
Ox
134,965
0
39,112
0
4,418
21,128,099
7,800
0
468,404
0
0
0
139,342
4,700
0
0
0
0
5
3,192,210
0
0
5
26,545
0
0
1,634,494
0
66,741
0
0
0
20,710
370,750
23,000
5
0
0
0
28
22,080
0
94,720,218
Releases
to Land
Pounds
20
0
2,903 ,
0
125,989
0
3
180,492
0
0
177,939
0
4,305
0
23,415
0
54,343
0
393,775
585,053
0
0
365
9,550
0
0
0
0
0
0
255
1,510
3,220
324,921
2
5
0
47,311,554
339,229
944
19
10
0
0
114,000
0
2,450
13
286
0 '
0
0
260
250
389,929
0
7,678,646
Total
Releases
Pounds
2,182,418
236,547
3,153,545
1,362
752333
51,287
36,719
104,099,237
0
26,167
27,705,463
,7,785
2,838,173
0
331,102
362,168
2,796,827
10
1,001,379
25,161,067
11,905
15
522,227
50396
42
10,133
245,469
4,724
81,786
0
1,057
16,296
8,327
10,012341
3^53
9,686
4398
163,018,611
,365,011
645,932
1,634,518
10
1,454,813
. 15
22,959,555
400
1,099,965
485,685
71,037
4,017
306
. 314
1,484
13,801
28,913,964
1,675
161,318,830
48
-------
1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
2-Methoxyethanol
Methyl acrylate
Methyl tert-butyl ether
4,4'-Methylenebis
(2-chloroaniline)
Methylenebis(phenyl-
isocyanate)
Methylene bromide
4,4'-Methylenedianiline
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl hydrazine
Methyl iodide
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Methyl isocyanate
Methyl methacrylate
Mi chief's ketone ,
Molybdenum trioxide
Monochloropenta-
fluoroethane (CFC-115)
Naphthalene
alpha-Naphthylamine
Nickel
Nitric acid
Nitrilotriacetic acid
5-Nitro-o-anisidine
Nitrobenzene '
Nitroglycerin
2-Nitrophenol
4-Nitrophenol
2-Nitropropane
p-Nitrosodiphenylamine
N,N-DimethyIaniline
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
Parathion
Pentachlorophenol
Peracetic acid
Phenol
p-Phenylenediamine
2-Phenylphenol
Phosgene
Phosphoric acid
Phosphorus (yellow or white)
Phthalic anhydride
Picric acid
Polychlorinated biphenyls ' '
(PCBs)
Propionaldehyde
Propoxur
Propylene
Propyleneimine
Propylene oxide
Pyridine
Quinoline
Quinone
Quintozene
Saccharin (manufacturing)
Selenium
Silver
Styrene
Styrene oxide
Sulfuric acid
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
399,241
5,311
129,131
5
911
5,417
1,759
772,861
1
0
816,066
0
131,991
3
80,682
0
63,546
0
506,495
8,648,779
0
255
100
86
140
21,067
0
0
206,399
0
0
834
1,672
5,401,118
3,239
4,858
0
5,498,173
266
3,281
0
0
12,922
255
5
0
49,854
264,235
255
0
11
260
265
259,353
243,118
0
34,175,276
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
393,034
38,476
20,321
4,228
529,923
0
44,218
9365,077
0
5
2,112,745
0
525,679
0
48,998
0
488,867
0
588,824
14,022,809
0
0
326,969
87,122
11,441
561,290
2,837
* 0
84,654
470,000
361
65,491
0
2,375,455
1,200
5
2,425
2,319,204
3,652
436,077 .
12,465
2319,927
250
455
724,173
0
6,887
202,765
4,248
0
61,470
350
965
9,105
2,858,300
0
44,343,292
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
702
1,025
6,060
0
1,004,233
0
16,913
512,746
0
0
155,643
15,067
187,596
0
534,959
0
1,378,524
0
3,548,970
3,889,873
0
250
8,403
0
221
0
33,650
0
0
0
505
187,231
0
901,912
13,000
510
5
1,657,538
506
279,776
0
112,850
4,975
5
6,039
0
40,392
4,560
3,702
0
1,480
1,400
5,407
116,004
1,998,082
0
31,353,990
Transfers
to Energy
' Recovery
Pounds
542,690
221,846
522,457
1,000
49,445
0
28,000
35,111,556
0
0
18,801,198
0
1,255,989
703
0
0
1,522,280
0
7,812
750
0
0
243,550
8
0
0
0
2,200
489,869
0
0
10,613
0
1,573,947
0
260
0
17,353
0
4,684,778
25,000
0
5,100
0
288,300
0
1,361,220
177,321
0
0
105
0
0
0
8,502,579
0
94,151
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
26,025
5,000
6,618
0
375,246
0
0
26,033,673
0
0
20346,186
0
458,907
0
2,424,255
0
206,040
0
38,882,197
2,224,835
0
0
35,606
2,683
0
0
39,204
0
0
0
0
1,755
0
1,047,096
0
0
0
8,325,508
141,598
0
0
14
0
0
0
0
5
33,804
0
0
0
0
43,378
995,281
67,095
0
883,134,485
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
0
83,036
0
0
121,043
2
0
5,907
0
9
0
86,736
0
16,406
0
343,261
10,455
0
0
4,048
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,307
90
0
25,892
0
0
0
552,865
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
337
8,385
0
566,510
Total
Transfers
Pounds
1,361,692
271,658
684,587
5,233
2,042,794
5,417
90,890
71,916,956
3
5
42,237,745
15,067
2,560,171
706
3,175,630
0
3,675,663
0
43,877,559
28,797,501
0
505
618,676
89,899
11,802
582,357
75,691
2,200
780,922
470,000
3,173
266,014
1,672
11,325,420
17,439
5,633
2,430
18,370,641
146,022
5,403,913
37,465
2,432,791
23,247
715
1,018,517
0
1,458,358
682,685
8,205
0
63,066
2,010
50,015
1380,080
13,677,559
0
993,667,704
49
-------
JB~
TRI Data Section |
Table 1-20. Fleleases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1991 (Ordered Alphabetically), Continued.
CAS
Number
79-34-5
127-18-4
961-11-5
7440-28-0
62-55-5
62-56-6
1314-20-1
7550-45-0
108-88-3
584-84-9
91-08-7
26471-62-5
95-53-4
52-68-6
120-82-1
71-55-6
79-00-5
79-01-6
75-69-4
95-95-4
88-06-2
1582-09-8
95-63-6
51-79-6
7440-62-2
108-05-4
593-60-2
75-01-4
75-35-4
1330-20-7
108-38-3
95-47-6
106-42-3
87-62-7
7440-66-6
12122-67-7
Chemical
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachlorvinphos
Thallium
Thioacetamide
Thiourea
Thorium dioxide
Titanium tetrachloride
Toluene
Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate
Toluene-2,6-diisocyanate
Toluenediisocyanate
(mixed isomers)
o-Toluidine
Trichlorfon
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
1 ,1 ,2-Trichlqroethane
TricWoroethylene
Trichlorofluoromethane
(CFC-11)
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol
2,4,6-TrichIorophenol
Trifluralin
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Urethane
Vanadium (fume or dust)
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Xylene (mixed isomers)
m-Xylene
o-Xylene
p-Xylene
2,6-Xylidine
Zinc (fume or dust)
Zineb
Antimony compounds
Arsenic compounds
Barium compounds
Beryllium compounds
Cadmium compounds
Chlorophenols
Chromium compounds
Cobalt compounds
Copper compounds
Cyanide compounds
Glycol ethers
Lead compounds
Manganese compounds
Mercury compounds
Nickel compounds
Selenium compounds
Silver compounds
Thallium compounds
Zinc compounds
Rank
by Total
Releases
154
36
255
260
285
200
251
171
4
88
124
162
168
250
115
8
108
21
41
178
257
166
52 '
221
147
48
213
92
129
10
87
78
53
263
42
274
81
63
54
175
127
136
25
131
17
55
18
39
15
218
73
145
161
241
9
Mixtures and other trade names 95
Trade Secrets
Total
220
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
. Pounds
40,927
6,482,575
1
1
0
873
0
27,370
73,620,294
12,148
303,581
18,359
8,904
5
127,598
69,230,762
94,329
16,642,065
5,339,896
0
1
8,449
2,723,947
i 0
1,739
1,102,871
260
390,119
71,772
27,683,616
926,807
1,153,483
1,343,694
5
765,614
''. 5
30395
25,007
248,569
1
17,066
3,368
134,838
7,857
2,378,725
61,839
10,235,089
348,258
490,885
1,355
60,804
2,381
6,590
5
1,517,384
189,755
56
626,379,396
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
23,324
10,204,876
129
29
0
555
250
6,236
124,944,414
1,311,804
28,507
29,526
1,925
254
282,051
68,274,801
433,437
18,416,403
6,382,210
0
79
2,711
2,618,627
2,050
14,664
4,383,624
3,300
657,366
213,418
87,869,367
509,426
576,448
3,934,677
16
1,168,410
0
55,746
165,308
614,578
241
52,427
968
427,257
25,946
1,870,707
708,282
33,678,910
1,059,351
755,529
1,475
182,380
34,679
18,238
250
2,710,343
680,261
893
1,384,174,669
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
2,102
7,448
2
1
0
717
0
0
104;645
0
0
0
260
9
1,669
21,803
1,382
12,750
5,156
0
1
80 .
15,756
0
685
9,900
0
4,625
832
50,801
2,260
6,507
1,076
0
28,080
0
45,593
4,496
100,702
9
3,580
782
335,233
78,593
158,621
111,021
507,487
117,976
698,968
47
73,071
111
8,309
0
1,325,812
6,063
1,400
243,513,772
Underground ; Releases
Injection to Land
Pounds Pounds
0
14,000
0
0
0
5,400
0
,0
1,373,207
0
0
0
21,100
0
3,134
2,805
2
800
1,428
28,000
0
0
16,898
0
0
3,088,362
0
4
0
139,948
5
5
5
0
115
0
6,509
23,000
408
0
1,540
229,798
34,619
19,949
225,310
3,781,837
176,033
928
15,327
9
366,530
4,100
25
0
228,007
1,540
0
710,377,137
0
23,302
0
0
0
505
0
0
185,012
250
250
10
8,111
0
4,573
171,807
: 256
62,991
10,203
0
1
31,835
17,732
0
74,730
7,237
0
251
15
335,613
3,186
1,618
3,635
0
9,216,574
0
1,522,871
2,738,853
4,005,169
30,000
248,374
56
24,761,345
142,152
42,424,235
26,768
711,313
13,699,094
68,528,067
28
1,278,693
; 80,295
16,993
255
114,062,672
50,384
0
421,428,144
Total
Releases
Pounds
66,353
16,732,201
132
31
0
8,050
250
33,606
200,227,572
1,324,202
332,338
47,895
40,300
268
419,025
137,701,978
529,406
35,135,009
11,738,893
28,000
82
43,075
5,392,960
2,050
91,818
8,591,994
3,560
1,052,365
286,037
116,079,345
1,441,684
1,738,061
5,283,087
21
11,178,793
5
1,661,114
2,956,664
4,969,426
30,251
322,987
234,972
25,693,292
274,497
47,057,598
4,689,747
45,308,832
15,225,607
70,488,776
2,914
1,961,478
122,177
50,155
510
119,844,218
928,003
2,349
3,385,873,118
50
-------
1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachlorvinphos
Thallium
Thioacetamide
Thiourea
Thorium dioxide
Titanium tetrachloride
Toluene
Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate
Toluene-2,6-diisocyanate
Toluenediisocyanate
(mixed isomers)
o-Toluidine
Tridilorfon
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
1 , 1 ,2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
TrichlorofluoFomethane
(CFC-11)
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
Trifluralin
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Urethane
Vanadium (fume or dust)
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Xylene (mixed isomers)
m-Xylene
o-Xylene
p-Xylene
2,6-Xylidine
Zinc (fume or dust)
Zineb
Antimony compounds
Arsenic compounds
Barium compounds
Beryllium compounds
Cadmium compounds
Chlorophenols
Chromium compounds
Cobalt compounds
Copper compounds
Cyanide compounds -
Glycol ethers
Lead compounds
Manganese compounds
Mercury compounds
Nickel compounds
Selenium compounds
Silver compounds
Thallium compounds
Zinc compounds
Mixtures and other trade names
Trade Secrets
Total
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
2,005
234,637
9
0
0
15,906
250
5
1,266,355
0
0
6
8,250
0
136,769
293,508
819
72,845
10,252
0
0
141
238,993
0
270
153,451
0
252
94
1,437,628
19,178
117,628
18,748
0
40,658
0
88,027
1,384
2,045,102
0
5,462
1,330
791,952
15,242
197,460
121,457
9,286,863
286,082
3,341,541
22
132,553
160
3308
5
623,374
19,463
0
411,907,098
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
214,173
3,580,303
5,300
1
0
4,107
0
2,367,140
20,171,434
35,711
14,423
200,231
101,931
1,145
315,761
6,743,974
4,995,437
2,577,754
175,662
0
0
26,604
216,540
15,300
1,646
124,913
0
69,540
74,520
19,031,424
102,008
101,894
48,171
0
1,061,859
5
185,845
416,169
2,451,281
1,081
320,357
104,388
3,056,902
117,768
1,886,082
446,980
3,409,543
2,856,308
4,861,868
22,130
1,729,940
10,461
1,328
0
9336,028
187,447
25,054
352,433,168
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
262
112,237
27,969
953
0
1,661
102,249
958
1,636,162
14,098
0
15,387
85
47
59,051
969,200
8,580
115,974
410,963
0
0
50,013
143,827
4,500
426,571
49,834
0
6,549
7
914,695
49,329
23,242
14,076
0
4,144,417
0
1,759,024
1,148,904
16,639,604
1,800
354,219
0
10,472,628
214,330
6,693,964
365,189
719,838
9,981,379
20,715,032
13,892
3,099,304
42,825
2,901
0
40,753,446
307,729
8,499
299,042,451
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
17,800
1,232,887
0
0
0
750
0
2,688
80,207,715
12,911
10
22,289
62,900
0
68,617
3,212,938
0
802,290
32,314
0
0
0
1,535,784
0
61
3,648,193
0
59
0
66,547,878
47,829
2,614,447
10,020
0
50,022
0
76,010
250
218,923
0
6,647
4,493
62,847
2,802
42,822
250
11,663,373
59,751
3,644
5
4,541
0
0
0
475,859
130,554
2,000
438,225,342
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
852,908
10,694,611
0
0
0
335
0
0.
24,882,493
10,900
1,95'0
11,129
0
0
85,165
27,237,545
8,179,318
6,785,517
175,082
0
0
250
469,483
0
154,749
1,136
0
236,549
0
38,885,924
15,968"
10,249
1,365
0
67,787,514
0
1,899,230
949,197
915,600
7,135
2,131,646
0
17,670,973
1,188,055
93,403,884
82,660
3,928,476
166,608,749
28,667,700
490
21,348,692
22,485
1,138,708
1,500
141,091,759
1,982,645
30,000
2,354,123,586
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
1
138,019
0
0
0
0
0
0'
198,649
0
0
0
1,300
0
0
287,441
0
99,640
0
0
0
0
8,600
0
0
9
0
0
0
195,932
0
61,354
296
0
147,137
0
1,621
157
37,134
0
36,801
0
148,391
25
195,011
12,390
36,430
63,910
195,061
0
29,354
0
500
0
1,750,175
5,950
0
9449,879
Total
Transfers
Pounds
1,087,149
15,992,694
, 33,278
954
0
22,759
102,499
2,370,791
128,362,808
73,620
16,383
249,042
174,466
1,192
665,363
38,744,606
13,184,154
10,454,020
804,273
0
0
77,008
2,613,227
19,800
583,297
3,977,527
0
312,949
74,621
127,013,481
234,312
2,928,814
92,676
0
73,231,607
5
4,009,757
2,516,061
22,307,644
10,016
2,855,132
110,211
32,203,693
1,538,222
102,419,223
1,028,926
29,044,523
179,856,179
57,784,846
36,539
26,344,384
75,931
1,146,745
1,505
194,030,641
2,633,788
65,553
3,865,281,524
51
-------
-------
THE 1991 TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY
PUBLIC DATA RELEASE
1991 Releases and Transfers
by Industry
53
-------
Table 1-21. TRI Releases by Industry, 1991.
SIC
Code Industry
20 Food
21 Tobacco
22 Textiles
23 Apparel
24 Lumber
25 Furniture
26 Paper
27 Printing
28 Chemicals
29 Petroleum
30 Plastics
31 Leather
32 Stone/Clay
33 Primary Metals
34 Fabr. Metals
35 Machinery
36 Electrical
37 Transportation
38 Measure./Photo.
39 Miscellaneous
Multiple codes 20-39(b)
No codes 20-39
Total
Fugitive or
NonpointAir
Emissions
Pounds
13,872,902
377,909
6,075,182
420,788
6,855,829
7,861,553
28,926,646
26,016,422
190,321,556
34,558,058
48,148,253
3,584,688
4,039,495
41,864,730
43,463,283
15,326,157
21,780,652
49,100,172
12,184,456
6,217,387
61,204,127
4,179,151
626,379,396
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
14,580,590
3,119,723
18,345,243
953,006
24,977,497
46,931,358
179,322,026
18,803,301
425,379,355
22,083,995
102,987,646
5,991,335
17,111,235
114,271,776
64,524,080
23,677,309
43,923,295
97,738,993
29,273,856
12,261,825
107,881,781
10,035,444
1,384,174,669
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
2,402,141
14,583
261,118
182
115,236
625
29,662,182
406
187,984,295
3,330,517
579,551
118,645
155,812
8,503,659
278,576
50,739
389,091
139,004
736,288
5,613
8,416,223
369,286
243,513,772
Underground
Injection
Pounds
210,595
0
0
0
0
0
5
1
656,159,121
14,271,606
15,795
0
7,464,305
13,536,557
824
35
2,224
1,000
0
0
9,614,319
9,100,750
710,377,137
Releases
to Land
Pounds
8,962,351
0
67,407
14,710
92,238
261,748
4,102,113
23,486
89,877,402
981,862
500,666
83,399
2,343,515
254,917,719
1,515,802
443,717
1,545,301
1,916,444
55,622
51,074
49,548,271
4,123,297
421,428,144
Total
Releases
Pounds
40,028,579
, 3,512,215
24,748,950
1,388,686
32,040,800
55,055,284
242,012,972
44,843,616
1,549,721,729
75,226,038
152,231,911
9,778,067
31,114,362
433,094,441
109,782,565
39,497,957
67,640,563
148,895,613
42,250,222
18,535,899
236,664,721
27,807,928
3,385,873,118
54
-------
1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Industry
Table 1-22. TRI Transfers by Industry, 1991.
SIC
Code Industry
20 Food
21 Tobacco
22 Textiles
23 Apparel
24 Lumber
25 Furniture
26 Paper
27 Printing
28 Chemicals
29 Petroleum
30 Plastics
31 Leather
32 Stone/Clay
33 Primary Metals
34 Fabr. Metals
35 Machinery
36 Electrical
37 Transportation
38 Measure./Phpto.
39 Miscellaneous
Multiple codes 20-39(b)
No codes 20-39
Total
Transfers Transfers to
to POTWs Treatment
Pounds Pounds
38,232,701
14,644
6,765,966
186,721
146,930
142,883
44,908,367
329,875
237,266,136
7,218,566
5,046,559
5,685,248
1,690,689
21,555,153
6,708,095
2,429,666
7,438,842
7,422,111
1,595,450
797,358
15,302,267
1,022,871
411,907,098
3,584,204
0
885,007
198,598
1,029,083
1,894,187
7,383,049
1,722,515
187,871,839
610,142
5,001,346
626,013
6,919,937
52,949,912
19,690,394
3,260,536
17,737,659
13,374,330
4,471,104 .
1,358,840
21,418,869
445,604
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
1,261,865 .
20,295
1,783,099
58,271
2,540,007
800,824
3,993,620
261,170
87,227,928
2,897,394
9,548,832
1,144,836
6,002,924
85,603,553
22,289,027
5,142,199
14,932,319
12,016,582
1,373,717
1,611,146
33,990,233
4,542,610
352,433,168 299,042,451
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
126,600
7.68L
2,341,897
58,278
3,471,695
5,855,106
6,550,477
4,301,514
320,448,696
1,618,330
10,341,672
1,124,862
4,718,116
7,846,104
11,680,648
3,011,108
10,945,175
22,586,611
3,849,881
2,648,979
13,926,445
765,467
438,225,342
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
1,180,705
4,732
534,193
3,013
1,539,102
3,320,643
2,921,456
5,108,510
388,042,082
627,692,089
15,028,481
945,845
4,152,753
620,328,782
168,280,668
37,473,362
226,877,243
109,427,642
17,429,978
7,335,683
112,805,694
3,690,930
2,354,123,586
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
211,115
0
12,255
11,635
31,849
102,731
94,919
9,517
3,026,559
47,387
67,572
87,043
16,547
1,999,447
601,054
393,964
806,900
717,453
23,591
205,554
831,993
250,794
9,549,879
Total
Transfers
Pounds
44,597,190
47,352
12,322,417
516,516
8,758,666
12,116,374
65,851,888
11,733,101
1,223,883,240
640,083,908
45,034,462
9,613,847
23,500,966
790,282,951
229,249,886
51,710,835
278,738,138
165,544,729
28,743,721
13,957,560
198,275,501
10,718,276
3,865,281,524
55
-------
TRI Data Section
3000
Millions of Pounds
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
2021222324252627282930313233343536373839
>V
(Releases mTransfers
Figure 1-5. TRI Releases and Transfers by Industry, 1991.
56
-------
1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Industry
Table 1-23. Top 50 TRI Facilities with Largest Releases, 1991.
FacUity Name
American Cyanamid Co.
Agrico Chemical Co.
Magnesium Corp. of America
Du Pont Johnsonville Plant
Monsanto Co.
Agrico Chemical Co.
Du Pont Delisle
Vulcan Chemicals
Courtaulds Fibers Inc.
Eastman Kodak Co.
Asarco Inc.
Sterling Chemicals Inc.
Du Pont Beaumont Plant
Inland Steel Co.
BP Chemicals Inc.
BP Chemicals Inc.
Du Pont Victoria' Site
Asarco Inc.
Magma Copper Co.
Phelps Dodge Mining Co.
Arcadian Fertilizer L.P.
DuPont
BASF Corp.
Cabot Corp.
ICI Americas Inc.
Elkem Metals Co.
Herculaneum Smelter
Texasgulf Inc.
Eastman Kodak Co.
Kennecott Utah Copper
3M
BASF Corp.
Northwestern Steel & Wire Co
Mississippi Chemical Corp.
Unocal Corp.
Uniroyal Chemical Co. Inc.
Citgo Petroleum Co'rp.
American Chrome & Chemicals
IMC Fertilizer Inc.
Coastal Chem Inc.
Dow Chemical Co.
Monsanto Co.
Occidental Chemical Corp.
Hoechst Celanese "
Amoco Oil Co.
General Motors Corporation
Occidental Chemical Corp.
Du Pont La Porte Plant
Climax Chemical Co.
ICI Americas Inc.
Subtotal
Total for All Facilities
City
Westwego
Saint James
Rowley
State
LA
LA
UT
New Johnsonville TN
Alvin
Uncle Sam
Pass Christian
Wichita
Axis
Kingsport
East Helena
Texas City
Beaumont
East Chicago
Port Lavaca
Lima
Victoria
Hayden
San Manuel
Playas
Geismar
Louisville
Lowland
Tuscola
Mount Pleasant
Marietta
Herculaneum
Aurora
Rochester
Magna
Hutchinson
Geismar
Sterling
Yazoo City
Kenai
Geismar
Lake Charles
Corpus Christi
Mulberry
Cheyenne
Freeport
Cantonment
Castle Hayne
Narrows
Texas City
Saginaw
White Springs
La Porte
Monument
Bucks
TX
LA
MS
KS
AL
TN
MT
TX
TX
IN
TX
OH
TX
AZ
AZ
NM
LA
KY
TN
IL
TN
OH
MO
NC
NY
UT
MN
LA
IL
MS
AK
LA
LA
TX
EL
WY
TX
FL
NC
VA
TX
MI
FL
TX
NM
AL
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
82,324
245,260
333,555
46,250
71,120
37,999
198,213
133,032
452,005
32,248,944
36,770
392,030
259,059
553,480
27,976
342,545
32,459
591,540
32,563
750
127,256
222,579
1,578,310
750
106,731
3,385,250
29,590
200,310
1,806,214
42,355
744,244
493,350
73,670
707,800
148,610
350,409
1V130,960
5,110
9,120
204,350
3,858,658
56,100
607
4,900,700
618,670
87,565
260,020
181,279
75,632
10,295
57,534,368
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
291,212
11,788,350
64,603,400
7,170,400
109,169
738,310
5,960,100
637,051
42,002,515
7,725,117
84,560
963,680
2,369,065
258,370
59,733
2,649,855
1,580,972
146,006
168,200
676,643
1,501,965
945,947
18,048,250
4,552,406
105,079
124,200
366,592
1,623,950
11,919,308
394,300
12,640,224
489,695
309,350
10,486,291
11,067,060
748,838
341,842
154,250
965,000
842,200
5,097,756
537,655
31,002
4,166,700
129,089
388,242
310,000
497,917
122,693
46,135
238,936,644
626,379,396 1,384,174,669
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
305,090
81,464,800
0
0
0
48,161,000
0
0
43,105
382,606
0
10,560
56,196
658,100
840
60,455
2,267
0
0
0
21,592,465
0
30,960
0
0
3,136,200
525
63,550
633,003
5,400
0
15,017
2,620
613,324
235,075
210
67,712
18,150
0
0
464,378
870
36
497
144,900
0
3,490
1,349
0
74
158,174,824
243,513,772
Underground Releases
Injection to Land
Pounds - Pounds
141,330,450
0
0
52,000,000
54,019,610
0
41,000,000
44,860,820
0
0
0
35,383,465
33,187,515
0
28,963,776
24,508,895
25,602,557
0
0
0
0
22,000,000
0
14,217,020
17,528,207
0
0
0
0
0
0
12,000,036
0
0
150
9,769,920
9,284,726
0
0
8,570,642
0
8,644,827
0
0
7,937,000
0
0
7,681,000
0
7,982,277
606,472,893
710,377,137
0
345,250
250
1,250
44,000
250,219
520
0
430,000
82,113
38,502,100
0
9,795
31,079,455
0
0
13,125
25,746,045
23,877,136
23,170,254
341,655
0
1,532,600
' 0
0
10,837,624
16,124,772
13,953,650
396
13,792,175
0
0
11,590,000
0
4,000
0
6,116
10,000,000
9,100,000
0
21,664
0
9,200,255
6,700
244,471
8,532,606
8,400,000
486
7,921,032
0
265,161,714
421,428,144
Total
Releases
Pounds
142,009,076
93,843,660
64,937,205
59,217,900
54,243,899
49,187,528
47,158,833
45,630,903
, 42,927,625
40,438,780
38,623,430
36,749,735
35,881,630
32,549,405
29,052,325
27,561,750
27,231,380
26,483,591
24,077,899
23,847,647
23,563,341
23,168,526
21,190,120
18,770,176
17,740,017
17,483,274
16,521,479
15,841,460
14,358,921
, 14,234,230
13,384,468
12,998,098
11,975,640
11,807,415
11,454,895
10,869,377
10,831,356
10,177,510
10,074,120
9,617,192
; 9,442,456
9,239,452
9,231,900
9,074,597
9,074,130
9,008,413
: 8,973,510
8,362,031
8,119,357
8,038,781
1,326,280,443
3,385,873,118
57
-------
Table 1-24. Top 10 Parent Companies With Largest Releases, 1991.
Parent Company
DuPont
Freeport-McMoran Inc.
American Cyanamid Company
Asarco Inc.
Monsanto Company
Eastman Kodak Company
Renco Group Inc.
BP America
General Motors Corporation
Vulcan Materials Company
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Facilities
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
7,940,322
445,769
1,042,081
881,233
1,398,303
40,700,920
418,745
2,432,568
8,599,571
226,390
64,085,902
626,379,396
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
46,705,185
12,865,330
1,976,155
671,807
6,289,913
24,880,680
64,784,673
4,232,797
26,452,717
1,098,755
i
189,958,012
1,38^,174,669
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
1,539,939
130,207,800
964,985
11,563
2,102,608
1,218,893,
3,620
282,142
148,742
28,953
136,509,245
243,513,772
Underground
Injection
Pounds
186,868,334
0
141,636,035
5,881,195
66,150,237
0
0
53,472,671
0
44,860,820
498,869,292
710,377,137
Releases
to Land
Pounds
273,619
6,103,469
23,039
70,945,957
84,558
164,533
1,240,020
19,883
16,022,918
5
94,878,001
421,428,144
Total
Releases
Pounds
243,327,399
149,622,368
145,642,295
78,391,755
76,025,619
66,965,026
66,447,058
60,440,061
51,223,948
46,214,923
984,300,452
3,385,873,118
Parent Company
(Continued)
DuPont
Freeport-McMoran Inc.
American Cyanamid Company
Asarco Inc.
Monsanto Company
Eastman Kodak Company
Renco Group Inc.
BP America
General Motors Corporation
Vulcan Materials Company
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Facilities
Facilities
Number
83
4
28
12
34
23
6
61
133
3
387
23,719
i
Forms
! Number
855
19
259
| 94
303
; 309
35
i 286
1,209
59
i 3,428
82,293
Total
Releases
Pounds
i
243,327,399
149,622,368
145,642,295
78,391,755
76,025,619
66,965,026
66,447,058
60,440,061
51,223,948
46,214,923
984,300,452
3,385,873,118
58
-------
THE 1991 TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY
PUBLIC DATA RELEASE
1991 Releases and Transfers
of Highlighted Chemicals
59
-------
Jfaf^
TRI Data Section
METALS AND METAL COMPOUNDS
Under EPCRA section 313, facilities that manufacture, process, or otherwise use metal
compounds report releases and/or transfers of only the metal portion of the metal compound. For
example, a facility that releases a copper compound, such as copper sulfate, would report as a
release only the weight of the copper not the weight of the entire copper compound. This is done to
capture information on the targeted portion (of each member of the category, so that releases and
transfers of metal compounds can be traced through the environment and can be compared from
facility to facility.
Metals (including the metal portion of metal compounds) are different from other toxic
substances listed on EPCRA section 313 because they do not degrade and are not destroyed. Other
listed chemicals on EPCRA section 313 can be destroyed by sunlight, heat, microorganisms, or
other chemicals. Although metals cannot be destroyed, they may be converted to a less toxic form.
For example, many facilities convert hexavalent chromium (which is a known carcinogen) to the
less toxic trivalent form before release or transfer off- site. "Other metal wastes may be treated
before disposal so that the metal will be less likely to be transported through soils. Although such
treatment may limit the availability of the metal to the environment, it does not destroy it.
i
As a result of the inherent persistence of metals, metals can either be recycled or (ulti-
mately) disposed. This is clearly reflected in the reported releases and off-site transfers of metals.
The majority (65%) of the toxic metals released or transferred off-site was recycled. Release
(including disposal), either on-site or off-site, accounted for 32% of all releases and transfers.
Facilities also reported transfers off-site for treatment and to publicly owned treatment
works (public sewage treatment plants). Treatment may remove the metal from a waste stream or
convert the metal into a less toxic form, bul; it does not destroy the metal. For example, public
sewage treatment plants will remove some fraction of the metals during treatment of the waste
stream to remove solid matter. The metal \yastes that remain in the treated wastewater will pass
through the treatment plant and into the aquatic environment. The removed metals are then
generally sent to a landfill for disposal.
60
-------
1991 TRI Releases/Transfers of Highlighted Chemicals
Releases
to Land
93.0%
Air Emissions 5.7%
Surface Water Discharges
1.0%
Underground Injection
0.3%
Figure 1-6. Releases of TRI Metals and Metal Compounds, 1991.
Other Off-site Transfers 0.3%
Transfers to POTWs 0.8%
Transfers to Treatment 2.9%
Transfers to
Disposal
13.0%
Transfers to
Energy Recovery
0.1%
Transfers to
Recycling
82.9%
Figure 1-7. Transfers of TRI Metals and Metal Compounds, 1991.
61
-------
jB TRl Data Section |
Table 1-25. Releases of TRl Metals and Metal Compounds, 1991.
Metal Category
Antimony and
antimony compounds
Arsenic and
arsenic compounds
Barium and
barium compounds
Beryllium and
beryllium compounds
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cobalt and
cobalt compounds
Copper and
copper compounds
Lead and
lead compounds
Manganese and
manganese compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
Selenium and
selenium compounds
Silver and
silver compounds
Thallium and
thallium compounds
Zinc and
zinc compounds(c)
Total
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
34,359
28,843
343,174
7
18,923
585,757
37,644
2,787,343
553,782
1,178,817
11,912
469,498
2,906
12,145
6
2,282,998
8,348,114
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
73,046
169,042
636,384
1,613
55,518
5321,744
68,080
2,735,334
1,285,604
1,164,567
7,830
|
322,989
35,190
26,087
!279
3,878,753
10,993,060
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
46,816
5,436
105,795
110
4,241
352,522
82,882
214,661
138,433
843,644
671
126,954
910
8,428
1
1,353,892
3,285,396
Underground
Injection
Pounds
6,629
23,000
408
0
1,540
35,150
19,949
239,321
928
15,849
9
370,948
4,100
53
0
228,122
946,006
Releases"
to Land
Pounds
1,528,616
4,473,366
4,266,431
59,023
251,127
25,916,872
155,858
57,863,833
17,022,789
78,376,183
5,315
1,672,468
80,555
, 17,243
255
123,279,246
314,969,180
Total
Releases
Pounds
1,689,466
4,699,687
5,352,192
60,753
331,349
27,423,045
364,413
63,840,492
19,001,536
81,579,060
25,737
' 2,962,857
123,661
63,956
541
131,023,011
338,541,756
62
-------
1991 TRI Releases/Transfers of Highlighted Chemicals
Table 1-26. Transfers of TRI Metals and Metal Compounds, 1991.
Metal Category
Antimony and
antimony compounds
Arsenic and
arsenic compounds
Barium and
barium compounds
Beryllium and
beryllium compounds
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cobalt and
cobalt compounds
Copper and
copper compounds
Lead and
lead compounds
Manganese and
manganese compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
Selenium and
selenium compounds
Silver and
silver compounds
Thallium and
thallium compounds
Zinc and
zinc compounds(c)
Total
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
91,255
1,950
2,129,483
\
0
265,771
1,188,103
25,120
612,159
592,526
3,502,655
64
639,048
425
262,661
5
664,032
9,975,257
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
195,942
576,631
2,521,418
1,326
388,557
3,969,938
147,310
4,373,346
4,559,119
5,556,491
65,531
2,318,764
11426
10,433
1
10,397,887
35,094,120
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
2,268,557
1,613,055
17,195,636
119,382
1,019,701
15,972,793
780,992
18,967,509
15,494,344
33,453,653
128,442
6,648,274
48232
118,905
953
44,897,863
158,728,291
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
78,007
268
223,346
10
7,460
69,423
2,806
46,340
68,833
28,182
5
12,353
0
0
0
525,881
1,062,914
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
2,781,153
1,099,920
951,541
84,866
2,266,912
68,437,500
6,461,142
383,380,867
204,841,122
70,110,391
445,451
60,230,889
' 65863
2,133,989
1,500
208,879,273
1,012,172,379
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
13,971
157
39,534
0
41,605
323,166
37
1,029,029
103,218
372,670
0
372,615
0
837
0
1,897,312
4,194,151
Total
Transfers
Pounds
5,428,885
3,291,981
23,060,958
205,584
3,990,006
89,960,923
7,417,407
408,409,250
225,659,162
113,024,042
639,493
70,221,943
125,946
2,526,825
2,459
267,262,248
1,221,227,112
63
-------
I
Mm TRI Data Section | -
OZONE DEPLETERS
Ozone depleters, such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), halons, methyl chloroform, carbon
tetrachloride, and methyl bromide, are known to release chlorine or bromine in the stratosphere
(earth's upper atmosphere). Chlorine and bromine act as catalysts in the conversion of ozone to
oxygen, thus reducing the amount of stratospheric ozone. Stratospheric ozone is important because
it shields the earth from ultraviolet-B radiation. As the ozone layer diminishes, the amount of this
harmful radiation reaching the earth's surface increases. These ozone depleters remain in the
stratosphere for many decades; thus, emissions today will influence ozone levels far into the future.
Ultraviolet-B radiation has been shown to cause various adverse human health and environ-
mental effects, including increased incidence of skin cancer and suppression of the immune system
in animals, and possibly in humans. (See Potential Health and Environmental Effects in the Appen-
dix for a more detailed description of the adverse effects associated with ultraviolet-B radiation.)
On September 16,1987, the United States, along with 23 other nations and the European
Economic Community, signed the "Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone
Layer." As a result of this protocol and newer scientific evidence, Congress mandated in the
Clean Air Act Amendments that the production of CFCs and halons be phased out by the year 2000.
EPA has proposed that the production phase-out be accelerated, resulting in a phase-out by
January 1,1996.
Interim substitutes, such as hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), also decrease ozone in the
stratosphere. HCFCs have much lower ozone depletion potentials. The HCFCs will serve as first
generation substitutes, but will themselves be phased out. On June 24, 1992, EPA proposed the
addition of HCFCs to TRI list because HCFCs decrease stratospheric ozone resulting in adverse
health and environmental effects. EPA plans to finalize the addition by late 1993.
The following ozone depleters are currently listed on TRI:
Bromochlorodifluoromethane (Halon 1211)
Bromomethane (methyl bromide)
Bromotrifluoromethane (Halon 1301)
Carbon tetrachloride
Dibromotetrafluoroethane (Halon 2402)
Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12) *
Dichlorotetrafluoroethane (CFC-114)
Freon-113 ,
Monochloropentafluoroethane (CFC-115)
1,1,1-Trichloroethane (methyl chloroform)
Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11)
64
-------
1991 TRI Releases/Transfers of Highlighted Chemicals
Millions of Pounds
More than 10
5 to 10
3 to 5
1to3
Less than 1
Figure 1-8. TRI Releases of Ozone Depleters to Air, 1991
65
-------
iB IHi
TRI Data Section |
Table 1-27. TRI Releases of Ozone Depleters, 1991.
CAS
Number Chemical '
353-59-3 Bromochlorodifluoromethane
(Halon 1211)
74-83-9 Bromomethane (methyl bromide)
75-63-8 Bromotrifluoromethane (Halon 1301)
56-23-5 Carbon tctrachloride
124-73-2 Dibromotetrafluoroethane
(Halon 2402)
75-71-8 Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12)
76-14-2 Dichlorotetrafluoroethane (CFC-114)
76-13-1 Freon 113
76-15-3 Monochloropentafluoroethane
(CFC-115)
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
(methyl chloroform)
75-69-4 Trichlorofluoromethane(CFC-ll)
Total
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
8,388
404,146
171,287
528,100
250
8,506;S16
1.694J535
23,983,423
190;872
69,230,762
5,339,896
110,058,175
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
3,570
2,041,449
8,820
1,018,701
6,300
6,545,211
207,258
11,874,228
171,291
68,274,801
6,382,210
96,533,839
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
0
0
0
2,844
0
89
35
3,264
5
21,803
5,156
33,196
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
1,000
0
42,470
0
16,008
5
558
0
2,805 .
1,428
64,274
Releases
to Land
Pounds
0
0
0
2,152
0
32,805
5
89,780
0
171,807
10,203
306,752
Total
Releases
Pounds
11,958
2,446,595
180,107
1,594,267
6,550
15,100,629
1,901,838
35,951,253
362,168
137,701,978
11,738,893
206,996,236
J- 66.6%
K - 5.7%
A-0.0%
B-1.2%
C-0.1%
D-0.7%
E - 0.0%
F - 7.3%
G - 0.9%
H- 17.4%
A - Bromochlorodifluoromethane (Halon 1211)
B - Bromomethane
C- Bromotrifluoromethane (Halon 1301)
D - Carbon tetrachloride
E - Dibromotetrafluoroethane (Halon 2402)
F - Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12)
I - 0.2%
G - Dichlorotetrafluoroethane (CFC-114)
H - Freon 113
I - Monochloropentafluoroethane (CFC-115)
J - 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
K- Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11)
Figure 1-9. TRI Releases of Ozone Depleters to Air, by Chemical, 1991.
66
-------
1991 TR1 Releases/Transfers of Highlighted Chemicals
Table 1-28. TRI Transfers of Ozone Depleters, 1991.
CAS
Number
353-59-3
74-83-9
75-63-8
56-23-5
124-73-2
75-71-8
76-14-2
76-13-1
76-15-3
71-55-6
75-69-4
Chemical
Bromochlorodifluoromethane
(Halonl211)
Bromomethane (methyl bromide)
Bromotrifluoromethane (Halon 1301)0
Carbon tetrachloride
Dibromotetrafluoroethane
(Halon 2402)
Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12)
Dichlorotetrafluoroethane (CFC-114)
FreonllS
Monochloropentafluoroethane
(CFC-115)
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
(methyl chloroform)
Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11)
Total
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
0
0
0
621
0
4,484
250
38,402
0
293,508
10,252
347,517
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
0
320
0
939,774
0
93,114
17,400
1,181,848
0
6,743,974
175,662
9,152,092
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
0
15
0
39,111
0
34,275
7
114,338
0
969,200
410,963
1,567,909
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
0
420
0
11,061
0
1,841
0
454,663
0
3,212,938
32,314
3,713,237
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
0
121,000
0
390,625
0
91,660
0
7,784,450
0
27,237,545
175,082
35,800,362
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
' 0
0
1,684
0
0
0
98,217
0
287,441
0
387,342
Total
Transfers
Pounds
0
121,755
1,382,876
0
225,374
17,657
9,671,918
0
38,744,606
804,273
50,968,459
Other Off-site Transfers
0.8%
Transfers to POTWs
0.7%
Transfers to
Recycling
74.6%
Transfers to Treatment
19.1%
Transfers to
Disposal
3.3%
Transfers to
Energy Recovery
1.6%
Figure 1-10. TRI Transfers of Ozone Depleters, 1991.
67
-------
^B TRI Data Section |
BlOACCUMULATORS
Bioaccumulation is the accumulation of a chemical by an organism, in concentrations greater
than are present in the environment. Bioaccumulation of chemicals can have significant adverse
effects on both human health and the environment.
Bioaccumulation includes both uptake from dissolved chemicals in water and from ingestion
by aquatic organisms of food and sediments;. Bioaccumulators enter the food chain primarily
through their introduction into water bodies i (such as streams, lakes, rivers, etc.), which may be the
result of releases of these chemicals to air and land, as well as discharges to water bodies. Air
emissions may be atmospherically transported and subsequently deposited on the land or bodies of
water (for example, atmospheric transport is believed to be the only source for some toxic chemicals
in the Upper Great Lakes). Releases to land are also important for two reasons. First, there may be
uptake and accumulation of these chemicals' in plants which may then be consumed by other organ-
, isms. Second, there may be run-off from thp soil which can reach a water body. This is also
important when considering the magnitude of the releases to each media: in 1991, releases of the
bioaccumulators listed on TRI to water were 29,276 pounds; while releases to air and land were
2,556,928 pounds and 416,341 pounds, respectively.
! X
While exposure to certain chemical concentrations may not be toxic for the organism, the
process of bioaccumulation may result in harmful concentrations for consumers of the organism.
For example, in aquatic environments, phytoplankton take up not only nutrients but also toxic
bioaccumulators that may be present in minute quantities. Small fish and zooplankton consume
large quantities of phytoplankton, bioaccumulating the chemicals from the phytoplankton. These
chemicals will continue to biomagnify as organisms consume organisms in the food chain.
Predators at the end of the food chain, such as lake trout, salmon, and water fowl, including herring
gulls may accumulate levels of toxic chemicals that are hundreds or thousands of times greater than
that present in the phytoplankton. These levels of toxic bioaccumulating chemicals may be high
enough to cause adverse effects such as egg shell thinning and other serious deformities resulting in
reduced survival of off-spring.
68
-------
1991 TRI Releases/Transfers of Highlighted Chemicals
The following TRI chemicals have been identified as chemicals which will bioaccumulate:
Aldrin
Anthracene
Benzoic trichloride
Chlordane
Decabromodiphenyl oxide
Dibutyl phthalate
1,2-Dichloroberizene
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
Heptachlor
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
Hexachloroethane
Mercury
Mercury compounds
Methoxychlor
4,4'-Methylenebis (2-chloroaniline)
Pentachlorophenol
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
Toxaphene
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
69
-------
1
TRI Data Section
Table 1-29. TRI Releases of Bioaccumulators to Air, Water, and Land, 1991.
CAS
Number
309-00-2
120-12-7
98-07-7
57-74-9
1163-19-5
84-74-2
95-50-1
106-46-7
117-81-7
76-44-8
118-74-1
87-68-3
77-47-4
67-72-1
7439-97-6
72-43-5
101-14-4
87-86-5
1336-36-3
8001-35-2
120-82-1
Chemical
Aldrin
Anthracene
Benzoic trichloride
Chlordane
Decabromodiphenyl oxide
Dibutyl phthalate
1,2-Dichlorobenzene
1 ,4-Dichlorobenzene
Di-(2-ethyIhexyl)
phthalate
Heptachlor
, Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachloro-
1,3-butadiene
Hexachlorocyclo-
pentadiene
Hexachloroethane
Mercury
"Mercury compounds
Methoxychlor
4,4'-Methylenebis
(2-chloroaniline)
Pentachlorophenol
Polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs)
Toxaphene
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
Total
! Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
0
55,494
7,947
1,427
47,740
150,032
418,452
336,164
1,043,420
5
841
3,410
0
; 25,461
22,709
16,912
2,830
565
1,362
12,508
; 0
; o
0
; 409,649
2,556,928 '
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
0
1,158
0
1
3,817
8,907
3,962
2,146
3,842
0
111
681
23
0
624
47
10
0
2,278
0
0
1,669
29,276
Releases
to Land
Pounds
0
2,433
0
0
220,075
5,069
21,153
420
155,773
0
1
2
0
2
5,287
28
5
0
1,510
10
0
4,573
416,341
Total Air/
Water/Land
Releases
Pounds
0
59,085
7,947
1,428
271,632
164,008
443,567
338,730
1,203,035
5
953
4,093
25,484
22,711
22,823
2,905
580
1,362
16,296
10
0
415,891
3,002,545
70
-------
1991 TRI Releases/Transfers of Highlighted Chemicals
Thousands of Pounds
More than 150
100 to 150
25 to 100
|| "Zero
Figure 1-11. TRI Releases of Bioaccumulators to Air, Water, and Land, 1991.
71
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1
TRI Data Section
CARCINOGENS
Some chemicals on the TRI are listed because they are either known human carcinogens or
suspect carcinogens. (Known human carcinogens are those that have been shown to cause cancer in
humans. Suspect carcinogens are those chemicals that have been shown to cause cancer in animals.)
Known and suspect carcinogens are highlighted on the TRI list because reportable de minimis
concentration values are based on whether the chemical is considered to be an "OSHA Carcinogen"
(see below). These known or suspect carcinogens are featured in this data public release package
because these chemicals are specifically identified in EPCRA section 313.
Clarification of the Basis for Carcinogen Listings
on the EPCRA Section 313 List of Toxic Chemicals
The section 313 reporting rule contains a "de minimis" concentration in mixture limitation (a
chemical does not have to be accounted for if it is present in a mixture below a certain
concentration). When the rule was developed, EPA adopted the de minimis percentages from the
Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA) Hazard Communication Standards (29.
CFR 1910.1200), because much of the information the industry would have relating to mixtures
would most likely be from the material safety data sheet (MSDS) on that mixture. The OSHA de
minimis limitation is 0.1% if the chemical is a carcinogen or suspect carcinogen by virtue of
appearing in one of three sources: ,
1. National Toxicology Program (NTP), ''Annual Report on Carcinogens" (Latest Edition]
2. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) "Monographs" (Latest Editions);
« or
3.
29 CFR 1910, Subpart Z, Toxic and Hazardous Substances, Occupational Safety and
Health Administration.
The de minimis limitation is 1.0% for chemicals that do not meet the above OSHA
carcinogen criteria.
The carcinogen designations in the list of chemicals relate to any chemical that the Agency
determined met the above OSHA criteria for the 0.1 % de minimis limitation.
Following are the releases of chemicals on the EPCRA section 313 list that meet this
definition of a carcinogen, or suspect carcinogen.
72
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1991 TRI Releases/Transfers of Highlighted Chemicals
Millions of Pounds
H More than 10
5 to 10
HI 1 to5
'iy| 0.1 to 1
-Less than 0.1
Figure 1-12. TRI Releases of Carcinogens to Air, 1991.
73
-------
TRI Data Section
Thousands of Pounds
More than 250
100 to 250 .
25 to 100 .
1to25
Less than 1
Figure 1-13. TRI Releases of Carcinogens to Surface Water, 1991.
74
-------
1991 TRI Releases/Transfers of Highlighted Chemicals
Thousands of Pounds
m^m
U More than 1,000
H 250 to 1,000
JUf| 100 to 250
Ffl 10 to 100
Less than 10
Figure 1-14. TRI Releases of Carcinogens to Land, 1991.
75
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1
TRI Data Section
Table 1-30. TRI Releases of Known or Suspect Carcinogens to Air, Surface Water, and Land, 1991
(Alphabetically Ordered).
CAS
Number
75-07-0
60-35-5
79-06-1
107-13-1
60-09-3
92-67-1
90-04-0
7440-38-2
1332-21-4
71-43-2
98-07-7
7440-41-7
542-88-1
106-99-0
81-88-9
97-56-3
7440-43-9
56-23-5
67-66-3
107-30-2
7440-47-3
8001-58-9
120-71-8
135-20-6
615-05-4
39156-41-7
101-80-4
25376-45-8
95-80-7
96-12-8
106-93-4
25321-22-6
106-46-7
91-94-1
107-06-2
75-09-2
542-75-6
1464-53-5
117-81-7
64-67-5
119-90-4
57-14-7
77-78-1
Chemical
Acetaldehyde
Acetamide
Acrylamide
Acrylonitrile
4-Aminoazobenzene
4-Aminobiphenyl
o-Anisidine
Arsenic
Asbestos (friable)
Benzene
Benzoic trichloride
Beryllium
Bis(chloromethyl) ether
1,3-Butadiene
CLFoodRedlS
C.I. Solvent Yellow 3
Cadmium
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Chloromethyl methyl ether
Chromium
Creosote
p-Cresidine
Cupferron
2,4-Diaminoanisole
2,4-Dianiinoanisole sulfate
4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl ether
Diaminotoluene
(mixed isomers)
2,4-Diaminotoluene
1 ,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane
1 ,2-Dibromoethane
Dichlorobenzene
(mixed isomers)
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine
1,2-Dichloroethane
Dichloromethane
1,3-Dichloropropylene
Diepoxybutane
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
Diethyl sulfate
3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine
1,1-Dimethyl hydrazine
Dimethyl sulfate
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
7,080,917
35
; 64,164
2,188,889
1
0
1,025
7,570
12,562
17,474,490
! 7,947
: 1,378
574
3,950,377
1
: 5
4,948
1,546,801
19,082,888
, 3,335
' 556,406
1,761,851
228
1,200
0
0
704
20,583
*
3,810
290
38,202
78,095
336,164
10
3,995,423
j 79,338,471
20,405
0
1,043,420
i 4,018
0
: 489
10,097
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
75,314 .
5
4,635
1,959
0
0
187
940
252
26,896
0
101
0
5,049
0
0
661
2,844
769,569
0
17,289
3,862
5 '
0
0
0
337
i,iio
250
0
73
2
2,146
0
23,564
98,877
0
0
3,842
5
4
0
293
Releases
to Land
Pounds
37,904
0
1,500
13,293
0
0
3,800
1,734,513
585,676
111,928
0
29,023
0
8,881
0
0
2,753
2,152
22,150
0
1,155,527
10,780
250
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
2
9
420
0
7,051
117,788
0
0
155,773
10
0
0
0
Total Air/
Water/Land
Releases
Pounds
7,194,135
40
70,299
2,204,141
1
0
5,012
1,743,023
598,490
17,613,314
7,947
30,502
574
3,964,307
1
5
8,362
1,551,797
19,874,607
3,335
1,729,222
1,776,493
483
1,200
0
0
1,041
21,703
4,060
290
38,277
78,106
, 338,730
, 10
4,026,038
79,555,136
20,405
0
1,203,035
4,033
4
489
10,390
76
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1991 TRI Releases/Transfers of Highlighted Chemicals
Table 1-30. TRI Releases of Known or Suspect Carcinogens to Air, Surface Water, and Land, 1991
(Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
Number
123-91-1
106-89-8
140-88-5
75-21-8
96-45-7
50-00-0
118-74-1
302-01-2
10034-93-2
7439-92-1
58-89-9
101-14-4
101-77-9
74-88-4
90-94-8
134-32-7
7440-02-0
139-13-9
99-59-2
79^46-9
156-10-5
1336-36-3
75-55-8
75-56-9
81-07-2
100-42-5
96-09-3
79-34-5
127-18-4
62-55-5
62-56-6
584-84-9
91-08-7
26471-62-5
95-53-4
88-06-2
51-79-6
593-60-2
75-01-4
Chemical
1,4-Dioxane
Epichlorohydrin
Ethyl acrylate
Ethylene oxide
Ethylene thiourea
Formaldehyde
Hexachlorobenzene
Hydrazine
Hydrazine sulfate
Lead
Lindane
4,4'-Methylenebis-
(2-chloroaniline)
4,4'-Methylenedianiline
Methyl iodide
Michler's ketone
alpha-Naphthylamine
Nickel
Nitrilotriacetic acid
5-Nitro-o-anisidine
2-Nitropropane
p-Nitrosodiphenylamine
Polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs)
Propyleneimine
Propylene oxide
Saccharin (manufacturing)
Styrene
Styrene oxide
1 , 1 ,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
Thioacetamide
Thiourea
Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate
Toluene-2,6-diisocyanate
Toluenediisocyanate
(mixed isomers)
o-Toluidine
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
Urethane
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
718,504
459,150
231,961
1,793,048
582
10,218,467
841
28,433
2
431,777
562
1,362
13,168
25,414
0
10
549,303
5
15
105,747
24
' 0
400
1,066,624
314
28,476,346
1,675
64,251
16,687,451
0
1,428
1,323,952
332,088
47,885
10,829
80
2,050
3,560
1,047,485
202,282,566
2,010,554,065
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
318,133
5,456
423
2,260
0
616,001
111
1,520
0
20,457
0
0
1,486
13
0 '
0
53,883
4,100
0
380
0
0
0
10,181
0
25,609
0
2,102
7,448
0
717
0
0
o
260
1
0
0
4,625
2,115,237
243,513,772
Releases
to Land
Pounds
15,952
3,675
939
50,336
0
242,466
1
5
0
3,323,695
5
0
3
0
0
0
393,775
0
0
0
0
10
0
2,450
0
389,929
0
0
23,302
0
505
250
250
10
8,111
1
0
0
251
8,457,114
421,428,144
Total Air/
Water/Land
Releases
Pounds
1,052,589
468,281
233,323
1,845,644
'582
11,076,934
953
29,958
2
3,775,929
567
1,362
14,657
25,427
0
10
996,961
4,105
15
106,127
24
10
400
1,079,255
314
28,891,884
1,675
66,353
16,718,201
0
2,650
1,324,202
332,338
47,895
19,200
82
2,050
3,560
1,052,361
212,854,917
2,675,495,981
77
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TRI Data Section
78
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1991 TRI Releases/Transfers of Highlighted Chemicals
Notes
(a) Other includes wastes sent to other countries and sites not identified by state (Table 1-7).
(b) Facilities that reported more than one two-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 [e.g., paper (26)
and chemicals (28)] (Tables 1-21 and 1-22).
(c) For purposes of EPCRA section 313, only fume or dust forms of zinc metal are reportable (Tables 1-25
and 1-26).
79
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Chapter 2
Pollution Prevention Act Data
On-site Releases
and Waste Management
Underground
Injection
Water
Land
Recycling
Energy
Recovery
Treatment
Off-site
Waste Management
POTWs*
Treatment
Disposal
Recycling
Energy Recovery
* Publicly Owned Treatment Works
-------
-------
INFORMATION ON
THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT
OF TOXIC CHEMICALS IN WASTE
New to Form R, beginning with the 1991 reporting year, is information required by the
Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 (PPA). This new information gives, for the first time, a compre-
hensive look at the quantities of TRI chemicals in wastes, an indication of how those quantities are
managed, and an indication of what efforts are being made to reduce or eliminate those quantities.
As shown in the graphic on the previous page and in Figures 2-1 and 2-2, this information expands
the data collected under TRI, beyond on-site releases and transfers off-site for treatment and dis-
posal, to include transfers off-site for recycling and energy recovery as well as on-site recycling,
energy recovery, and treatment. This new information provides a baseline for assessing progress in
the prevention of quantities of toxic chemicals from entering wastes as well as assessing the man-
agement of toxic chemicals that are not prevented from entering wastes.
In learning what this new information is, what it means, and how it relates to the information
that has been collected on Form R in the past, it may be helpful to look at the Form R in the Appen-
dix of this document. Some of this information is completely new, while some, such as the quan-
tities released and the quantities sent off-site for treatment, has been reported prior to 1991, but is
now aggregated and reported in a new and additional way on Form R. A comparison of the
information collected prior to 1991 and the information collected beginning with 1991 is shown in
Figures 2-1 and 2-2. The following quantities of toxic chemicals in wastes are now required on
EPA's Form R (in Section 8) to meet the requirements of section 6607(b) of the PPA:
quantity released at the facility and disposed off-site;
quantity used for energy recovery at the facility;
quantity used for energy recovery off-site;
quantity recycled at the facility;
quantity recycled off-site;
quantity treated at the facility;
quantity treated off-site; and
quantity released or transferred off-site due to catastrophic events or remedial actions.
Facilities also provide an indication of changes in production or activity at the facility to help
assess changes in the quantities of toxic chemicals in wastes relative to changes in production.
Facilities also indicate what, if any, source reduction activities have been implemented to reduce or
eliminate quantities of the reported toxic chemical in wastes.
83
-------
°£
~-*- Prevention and Management of TRI
Chemicals in Wastes
a
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ON
QO
2
'B
o
H
c
o>
8P
I
I
I
!
o
o
is
o>
OJ
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g
on
DC
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
cs
O)
« OS
1
H
o
^
I
I.
o-
T3
U
I
*
o>
o>
o
I
i
55
DC
CM
CM
2
3
D)
IT
85
-------
°4
-^| Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
Source
reduction
should be the
first choice.
POLLUTION PREVENTION CHOICES
f /
IFNO ' * ' --' " / ,<
J_
SOURCE
REDUCTION
If source reduction is not possible,
recycling is the next best option.
RECYCLING
-IF NO
If recycling is not possible, energy recovery
is the next best option (where applicable).
ENERGY
RECOVERY
"IF NO,
if energy recovery Is not possible, treatment is the next best option.
TREATMENT
MM
If treatment is not possible, disposal is used as a last resort. DIS POS AL
Figure 2-3. Waste Management Hierarchy.
This new information can help assess movement in the waste management hierarchy, estab-
lished in the PPA as national policy: ;
pollution should be prevented at the source whenever feasible;
pollution that cannot be prevented should be recycled in an environmentally safe manner
whenever feasible; ;
pollution that cannot be prevented or recycled should be treated in an environmentally safe
manner whenever feasible; and
disposal or other release into the environment should be employed only as a last resort and
should be conducted in an environmentally safe manner.
The decision-making that should be used when determining how to prevent and manage
toxic chemicals in wastes is illustrated in Figure 2-3.
i
For 1991, a total of approximately 37.8 billion pounds of toxic chemicals in production-
related wastes were reported managed as follows:
Recycled on-site:
Rec3'cled off-site:
16.379 billion pounds
3.262 billion pounds
86
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Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Wastes
Used for energy recovery on-site:
Used for energy recovery off-site:
Treated on-site:
Treated off-site:
Released on-site and disposed off-site:
Total:
3.187 billion pounds
0.498 billion pounds
9.783 billion pounds
0.874 billion pounds
3.771 billion pounds
37.754 billion pounds
Looking at the hierarchy of waste management, approximately 52% of the toxic chemicals in
wastes, 19.641 billion pounds, were reported as recycled; 10%, 3.685 billion pounds, were reported
as combusted for energy recovery; 28%, 10.657 billion pounds, were reported as treated; and 10%,
3.771 billion pounds, were reported as released or disposed into the environment. This indicates
that 62% of the toxic chemicals in waste were reported as recycled or used beneficially, while the
remaining 38% were reported as either treated with some subsequent releases to the environment or
released directly to the environment. In addition to these production-related wastes, a total of
approximately 31.4 million pounds of toxic chemicals in wastes not associated with production
(from catastrophic or remedial actions) were reported.
Releases 9.3%
Treated On-site
26.7%
Transfers to POTWs 1.1%
Transfers to Treatment 1.0%
Transfers to Disposal and Other 0.8%
Transfers to Energy Recovery 1.2%
Transfers to Recycling 6.4%
Energy Recovery On-site
8.7%
Recycled On-site 44.8%
Figure 2-4. Quantities Reported by Management Technique, 1991.
The management of the 37.8 billion pounds of toxic chemicals in production-related wastes
reported for 1991 is further illustrated in Figure 2-4. The extended pieces of the pie chart show
those quantities reported in 1991 that have been reported since the inception of the TRI program:
87
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°/
REVR
n
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Wastes
NOW
releases to air, land, water, and underground wells; transfers to POTWs; transfers to other off-site
locations for the purposes of treatment or disposal; and "other" transfers. These quantities (about
4.4 billion pounds) comprise approximately 12% of the total quantities of toxic chemicals in wastes
now collected under TRI.
DATA REQUIRED BY THE POLLUTION PREVENTION ACT (PPA)
Quantity released (Section 8.1 of Form R). This is the total quantity that was released to the
environment at the facility (directly discharged to air, land, and water, and injected underground),
and sent off-site for the purposes of disposal. Because this quantity includes amounts disposed off-
site, it differs from the total releases to the (environment that facilities report in Section 5 of Form R
(those releases are presented in Chapter 1).;
i ,
Quantity used for energy recovery on-site (Section 8.2 of Form R). This is the quantity that
was actually combusted for the purposes of energy recovery on-site. The reported toxic chemical
has to have a heating value that is high enough to sustain combustion in some form of energy recov-
ery device, such as a furnace, including kilns, or a boiler. For example, metals or metal compounds
should not be reported as combusted for energy recovery because the parent metals do not contribute
any heating value to the wastes being combusted. The parent metals would be discharged to air or
remain in the ash, which is usually disposed. The amount reported should represent the amount
actually destroyed in the combustion process, not the amount that entered the energy recovery unit.
For example, 100,000 pounds of toluene entered a boiler which, on average, combusted 98% of the
toluene. The remaining toluene was discharged to air. A total of 98,000 pounds is reported as
combusted for energy recovery, and the remaining 2,000 pounds is reported as released to air.
Quantity used for energy recovery off-site (Section 8.3 of Form R). This is the quantity that
was sent off-site for the purposes of energy recovery. It is the quantity that left the facility bound-
ary, not the amount actually combusted at the off-site location. The toxic chemical must have a
significant heating value and the off-site location must have some form of energy recovery unit in
place. These quantities should also have been reported in Section 6 of Form R as off-site transfers,
along with the receiving facility's name and location (these quantities are also presented in Chapter 1).
Quantity recycled on-site (Section 8.4 of Form R), This is the quantity that was recovered
and made available for further use at the facility. It is not the quantity that entered a recycling or
recovery operation. This quantity may be greater than the actual amount of the toxic chemical
managed at the facility, depending on howjthe facility reported. For example, a facility used a total
of 15,000 pounds of 1,1,1-trichloroethane for cleaning and other purposes during the reporting year.
The toxic chemical was recycled in batches for a total of 15 batches, resulting in 225,000 pounds of
1,1,1-trichloroethane recycled during that year. This quantity is much greater than the amount of
the toxic chemical that was actually used at the facility, but reflects the amounts of 1,1,1-trichloro-
ethane in v/astes that were managed at the facility during the reporting year. However, not all
facilities have reported in this manner.
88
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Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
. Quantity recycled off-site (Section 8.5 of Form R). This is the quantity that was sent off-site
for the purposes of recycling. It is the quantity tKat left the Facility boundary, not the amount
actually recovered at the off-site location. These quantities should also have been reported in Sec-
tion 6 of Form R as off-site transfers, along with the receiving facility's name and location (these
quantities are also presented in Chapter 1).
Quantity treated on-site (Section 8.6 of Form R). This is the quantity that was destroyed in
on-site waste treatment operations, not the amount that entered any treatment operation. If 100,000
pounds of benzene were combusted in an incinerator that destroyed 99% of the benzene, the facility
would have reported 99,000 pounds as treated on-site. If the remaining 1,000 pounds were released
through a stack, the 1,000 pounds would have been reported as a quantity released (Section 8.1).
For this data element, destroyed means that the chemical no longer exists in its reportable form. For
example, reduction of a certain quantity of hexavalent chromium to trivalent chromium would not
be reported as a quantity treated because the chromium was not destroyed and was still in its report-
able form.
Quantity treated off-site (Section 8.7 of Form R). This is the quantity that was sent to
POTWs and other off-site locations for the purposes of treatment. It is the quantity that left the
facility boundary, not the amount that was actually treated at the off-site location. Quantities
included here should also have been reported in Section 6 of Form R (these quantities are also
presented in Chapter 1). Data users should be aware that off-site locations can have varying levels
of treatment capabilities, which means that a toxic chemical sent to a POTW or other off-site loca-
tion may or may not have been treated in the sense that the chemical was destroyed and not released
to the environment. For example, metals and certain organic chemicals may have been "passed
through" a POTW, meaning that they were discharged directly from the POTW. Metals may also
have been contained in the sludges from POTWs, which were disposed on land. As a result, quan-
tities may have been reported as treated when they were ultimately released to the environment.
This could also have occurred at other off-site locations in that the toxic chemical in wastes may
have been treated and then disposed. In situations where the toxic chemical was stabilized and/or
solidified, this is almost always a treatment step prior to disposal, usually to a landfill.
Quantity released to the environment due to one-time events (Section 8.8 of Form R). This is
the quantity that was released to the environment or sent off-site for recycling, energy recovery,
treatment, or disposal due to one-time events not associated with routine production practices. Such
events include catastrophic events, such as accidental releases, and remedial actions. This quantity
is separated from the quantities recycled, used for energy recovery, treated, and released to allow for
distinctions to be made between those quantities that are routinely associated with production opera-
tions and are more amenable to source reduction and those quantities that are not routinely asso-
ciated with production processes and are not as amenable to source reduction because they are not
readily anticipated. This separation of quantities is important in assessing progress in source reduc-
tion at facilities. While the aggregation of these quantities in one place is new to reporting under
TRI, some of the quantities due to accidental or non-routine events have been reported since 1987.
Releases to the environment, as reported in Section 5 of Form R, have included accidental as well as
routine discharges, and wastes transferred off-site for treatment or disposal have included quantities
from accidental events or remedial actions since 1987.
89
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°4
mi
r-S
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
MIN
An important consideration when looking at and using these data is that the individual
quantities are intended to be mutually exclusive of each other in order to avoid double-counting.
This is important because the sum of the quantities reported as recycled (on- and off-site), used for
energy recovery (on- and off-site), treated (on- and off-site), and released provides the total
production-related quantity of the toxic chemical in wastes that a facility must manage in that year.
I
As required under the PPA, the quantities of the toxic chemical in production-related wastes
are to be reported not only for the reporting year, but for the year prior to and the two years fol-
lowing the reporting year. Because 1991 was the first year for which this new information was
required, the PPA did not require facilities Jto report quantities for 1990 when they did not have
sufficient information to make a reasonable estimate. For example, if a facility recycled the chemi-
cal on-site during both 1990 and 1991, but felt that it did not have sufficient records to estimate the
quantity recycled in 1990, the facility could have entered "NA" (Not Applicable) for the quantity
recycled on-site during 1990. As a result, information for 1990 may not be available for
comparisons across the four years reported.
The quantities reported for 1992 anid 1993, the two years following the reporting year, are
projections only. The intent of this information is to encourage facilities to plan to implement
source reduction and move up the waste management hierarchy in the future. Future year estimates
are not commitments that facilities reporting under TRI are required to meet.
Tables 2-1 and 2-2 show the quantities of toxic chemicals in production-related wastes
reported for 1990 through 1993, aggregated at the national level. In addition to the production-
related quantities reported for 1991, a total1 of 31,451,032 pounds of toxic chemicals in non-
production-related wastes were reported for that year. All of the quantities reported for 1990
through 1993 are shown in Table 2-1, which includes forms that did not have information for all
four years. Table 2-1 indicates an increase from 1990 to 1991, but it should be noted that this
apparent increase is due in part to facilitiesj which did not report quantities for 1990. Table 2-2
shows the quantities for only those forms that provided quantities consistently for all four years.
This allows for a consistent comparison to see potential trends in the quantities recycled, combusted
for energy recovery, treated, and disposed., While both tables indicate that the quantities of toxic
chemicals in wastes projected for future years are relatively stable, the stability in the quantities is
more pronounced when looking at Table 2-2. Table 2-2 shows a slight decrease in the quantities of
toxic chemicals in wastes between 1990 and 1991. Looking beyond the national aggregates, the
distributions of toxic chemicals in wastes by state, by industry, and by individual toxic chemical are
shown in Tables 2-3 through 2-5.
90
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
Table 2-1. TRI Data Collected under the Pollution Prevention Act, National Summary, 1991 .(a)
Category of
Waste Generated
Recycled On-site
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated On-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released(b)
Total
1990
Pounds Percent
14,452,166,728 42.7
2,534,357,669 7.5
2,761,172,935 8.2
426,955,395 1.3
9,047,3,90,554 26.7
853,899,904 2.5
3,796,689,036 11.2
33,872,632,221 100.0
1991
Pounds Percent
16,379,108,682 43.4
3,261,980,931 8.6
3,186,795,733 8.4
497,757,471 1.3
9,783,374,620 25.9
874,285,432 2.3
3,771,194,892 10.0
37,754,497,761 100.0
Projected Data
1992 1993
Pounds Percent Pounds Percent
15,899,500,419 42.6 16,001,626,071 42.9-
3,216,228,147 8.6 3,216,883,647 8.6
3,223,687,332' 8.6 3,594,430,633 9.6
485,893,116 1.3 472,764,385 1.3
10,157,362,541 27.2 10,156,260,220 27.2
772,735,826 2.1 736,192,317 2.0
3,558,849,540 9.5 3,107,462,103 8.3
37,314,256,921 100.0 37,285,619,376- 100.0
Table 2-2. TRI Data Collected under the Pollution Prevention Act, Forms Reporting Consistent Data, National
Summary, 1991 .(a)
Category of
Waste Generated
Recycled On-site
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery On-site ,
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated On-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released(b)
Total
1990
Pounds Percent
10,942,012,010 43.4
1,880,406,286 7.5
1,944,233,283 7.7
193,861,662 0.8
7,314,412,863 29.0
585,608,267 2.3
2,354,083,854 9.3
25,214,618,225 100.0
1991
Pounds Percent
10,434,507,021 42.8
1,813,514,462 7.4
1,942,194,161 8,0
195,733,170 0.8
7,210,331,737 29.6
536,578,610 2.2
2,260,187,150 9.3
24,393,046,311 100.0
Projected Data
1992 1993
Pounds Percent Pounds Percent
10,590,327,883 42.5 10,656,117,053 42.9
1,870,204,744 7.5 1,912,326,015 7.7
1,944,233,283 7.8 1,986,069,691 8.0
197,552,762 0.8 198,429,939 0.8
7,633,642,658 30.6 7,590,338,237 30.5
537,777,233 2.2 539,167,232 2.2
2,133,506,424 8.6 1,981,233,694 8.0
24,907,244,987 100.0 24,863,681,861 100.0
91
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Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
[IN
Table 2-3. TRI Data Collected under the Pollution Prevention Act, by State, 1991 (Alphabetically Ordered).
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
311,325,143
889
0
463,325,079
90,346,644
127,036,992
38,750,612
189,870,407
54,572,494
325,916,896
658,552,343
6,567
937,485
235,615,511
461,628,922
24,601,949
251,236,642
154,979,666
980,424,001
7,714,020
86,969,675
62,202,595
227,060,950
79,471,452
162,721,869
220,450,142
36,506,236
31,265,938
3,014,564
21,600,409
266,375,224
28,264,528
484,131,284
184,644,800
66,259
1,364,248,014
48,568,021
42,823',959
1,714,115,597
77,569,711
10,372,313 '
590,031,785
548,406
442,206,527
5,233,989,351
10,751,166
6,044,118
0
133,115,463
91,974,319
267,557,607
70,391,861
3,212,277
16,379,108,682
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
64,461,431
0
0
25,466,219
34,731,355
135,220,535
7,190,858
25,628,435
7,389,305
26,145,360
64,942,806
225,879
500,367
476,165,014
331,482,347
21,224,191
33,043,722
65,674,839
126,591,721
5,403,527
23,124,382
19,818,516
148,165,063
19,778,105
48,146,529
59,958,407
2,874,103
13,195,491
736,070
3,634,548
93,779,433
200,809
47,251,890
123,157,215
32,850
263,262,046
16,586,941
9,883,149
180,714,964
9,583,868
9,027,390
81,022,016
261,106
39,175,518
364,755,948
33,065,891
2,243,810
374,000
26,507,497
64,778,277
26,124,281
43,839,497
35,433,410
3,261,980,931
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
66,131,883
2,922,000
0
348,615
34,303,642
210,343,553
11,378,000
6,726,315
138,544
40,607,150,
57,384,878
1,430,000
180
145,774,540
73,750,452
1,168,055
425,389,721
71,998,890
314,051,351
10,653,914
10,137,459
8,682,927
65,826,271
6,100,350
14,581,845
263,912,077
688,684
4,631,666
0
1,300,388
16,910,321
18,603,230
21,824,990
33,961,227
0
108,000,391
19,550,290
14,100,716
84,012,599
48,677
248,700
102,172,038
0
32,496,372
717,185,391
11,941
0
0
81,463,418
9,860,028
10,069,064
11,768,990
54,144,000
3,186,795,733
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
48,413,773
0
0
925,883
4,943,795'
14,182,009
1,509,052
4,530,769
1,228,685
7,495,397
7,298,247
0
285,045
47,334,880
20,109,496
4,575,001
2,338,234
6,109,170
5,105,804
437,639
1,832,923
7,207,035
56,909,494
3,597,326
4,788,371
10,627,732
214,541
1,082,015
9,274
458,520
25,189,563
161,324
9,981,795
8,846,979
48,339
38,282,153
1,529,997
567,050
18,670,088
7,985,302
456,354
6,810,666
210,649
8,651,307
77,125,983
388,194
504,710
0
10,775,685
816,268
7,493,124
9,707,534
4,297
497,757,471
92
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Wastes
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Treated
On-site
Pounds
569,911,217
2,803,916
0
56,090,961
144,228,962
259,043,619
20,034,890
33,570,688
66,332,739
190,382,598
279,567,337
5,647,742
24,997,862
588,767,617
274,951,835
206,877,605
53,325,891
152,058,977
1,263,538,442
66,320,150
285,787,567
34,055,511
310,628,049
204,350,506
210,656,737
94,912,814
22,400,860
15,585,092
15,444,605
10,031,201
256,251,003
10,607,433
198,456,069
388,317,967
1,991,325
357,401,073
65,724,386
84,736,723
273,535,191
41,670,034
23,456,450
222,080,470
25,912,652
236,429,369
1,367,635,103
121,236,094
7,478,873
835,100
101,256,953
249,372,017
162,884,113
120,918,126
2,882,106
9,783,374,620
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
10,356,612
0
0
2,616,214
1,622,297
29,340,063
2,533,060
7,587,799
3,208,077
- 15,876,087
8,790,838
6,294
196,938
72,395,140
30,020,336
8,791,589
4,404,012
8,392,449
11,065,017
1,026,632
7,086,274
10,807,623
32,209,345
3,756,074
3,221,398
24,578,332
183,046
1,515,710
25,477
862,647
45,123,408
99,881
16,242,855
11,537,044
37,636
137,106,567
3,934,313
7,270,361
156,313,011
12,003,961
988,968
8,403,343
174,067
12,529,646
68,339,099
1,078,761
202,861
0
68,532,927
5,467,505
4,058,339
12,236,998
128,501
874,285,432
Quantity
Released(b)
Pounds
122,071,787
17,809,574
22,000
62,833,659
49,771,907
106,355,580
' 6,918,328
22,002,683
6,367,067
194,899,454
77,972,956
1,005,748
10,803,876
159,762,885
146,770,188
41,919,256
83,099,964
68,811,469
499,672,063
16,840,109
15,554,909
19,338,616
108,295,694
45,680,567
103,465,389
66,111,866
41,010,116
19,427,564
3,345,568
5,859,019
41,833,267
25,732,011
75,719,045
108,306,377
1,789,945
192,878,592
40,650,847
20,537,476
89,781,649
17,903,333
6,351,719
66,784,507
2,602,268
237,453,044
424,156,792
91,448,031
1,036,053
1,517,422
76,350,461
30,922,992
31,289,070
50,793,328
11,556,802
3,771,194,892
Total
Production Related
Wastes(c)
Pounds
1,192,671,846
23,536,379
22,000
611,606,630
359,948,602
881,522,351
88,314,800
289,917,096
139,236,911
801,322,942
1,154,509,405
8,322,230
37,721,753
1,725,815,587
1,338,713,576
309,157,646
852,838,186
528,025,460
3,200,448,399
108,395,991
430,493,189
162,112,823
949,094,866
362,734,380
547,582,138
740,551,370
103,877,586
86,703,476
22,575,558
43,746,732
745,462,219
83,669,216
853,607,928
858,771,609
3,966,354
2,461,178,836
196,544,795
179,919,434
2,517,143,099
166,764,886
50,901,894
1,077,304,825
29,709,148
1,008,941,783
8,253,187,667
257,980,078
17,510,425
2,726,522
498,002,404
453,191,406
509,475,598
319,656,334
107,361,393
37,754,497,761
Non-Production
Related
Wastes(d)
Pounds
205,504
84,980
0
53,962
127,308
3,043,336
117,397
137,572
23,091
632,161
236,641
725
25,520
1,158,325
136,093
136,746
340,091
279,786
1,584,867
48,005
73,217
57,042
393,796
53,181
865,657
365,155
508
1,672,940
123,917
3,194
953,262
93
205,629
187,369
0
889,677
217,514
9,124
500,636
21,857
12,682
166,916
5,250
4,780,707
4,810,049
6,043,775
43,991
303
195,966
55,425
228,903
137,237
3,950
31,451,032
93
-------
°4
JUNE
fl
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
NJ1WI
Table 2-4. TRI Data Collected under the Pollution Prevention Act, by Industry, 1991.
SIC
Code
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Industry
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay
Primary Metals
Fabr. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transportation
Measure./Photo.
Miscellaneous
Multiple codes 20-39
No codes 20-39
Total
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
28,693,388 ',
49,901,029
14,245,415 :
285,402
17,404,088
3,194,367 ,
235,840,123
173,444,146
9,617,201,024
1,516,923,524
1,165,402,111 :
5,461,257
66,278,038
1,802,597,905 ;
247,230,727
114,064,107
290,714,374
69,460,436 !
26,487,748 !
13,617,541
910,956,070
9,705,862
16,379,108,682
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
15,823,776
4,732
639,028
4,196
980,201
2,913,755
4,840,527
6,654,051
743,213,473
823,887,184
15,523,700
971,966
3,324,181
769,973,476
188,764,193'
41,035,299
297,482,768
114,809,540
17,474,423
10,186,252
199,538,960
3,935,250
3,261,980,931
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
225,511
0
3,441,643
0
10,087,285
349,338
232,574,942
154,500
1,160,651,996
790,294,549
21,784,734
0
842,977,323
44,963,133
10,133,825
146,205
2,042,583
2,612,763
282,691
17,056
57,897,942 '
6,157,714
3,186,795,733
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
126,764
7,283
2,642,001
73,159
4,632,305
6,396,713
7,639,416
5,028,466
347,019,942
16,516,376
11,329,814
1,202,374
7,883,184
9,365,924
13,031,073
3,550,023
12,935,178
25,822,932
' 4,183,214
2,869,950
14,795,522
705,858
497,757,471
94
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
Industry
' Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay
Primary Metals
Fabr. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transportation
Measur./Photo.
Miscellaneous
Multiple Codes
No codes
Total
Treated
On-site
Pounds
255,529,684
1,320,937
44,886,119
1,956,308
3,487,884
1,525,621
1,747,788,583
33,210,972
4,673,882,659
492,329,288
65,237,965
21,328,100
204,076,346
580,623,199
405,104,166
19,138,999
248,092,358
58,123,925
44,974,483
6,410,458
735,256,006
139,090,560
9,783,374,620
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
27,561,655
2,330
5,584,573
233,055
966,863
981,565
46,011,387
1,700,039
377,758,962
116,730,107
4,781,250
4,140,528
3,585,464
165,331,868
26,653,510
5,266,934
23,140,036
18,236,933
5,782,295
1,685,689
37,349,310
801,079
874,285,432
Quantity
Released(b)
Pounds
58,885,967.
3,520,704
27,857,671'
1,519,593
32,370,947
49,347,778
249,705,333
44,127,911
1,649,540,049
72,677,419
159,751,796
11,822,116
136,830,664
524,347,728
122,889,476
43,473,581
87,114,711
151,807,154
42,788,091
19,391,842
249,123,284
32,301,077
' 3,771,194,892
Total Production
Related
Wastes(c)
Pounds
386,846,745
54,757,015
99,296,450
4,071,713
69,929,573
64,709,137
2,524,400,311
264,320;085
18,569,268,105
3,829,358,447
1,443,811,370
44,926,341
1,264,955,200
. 3,897,203,233
1,013,806,970
226,675,148
961,522,00,8
440,873,683
141,972,945
54,178,788
2,204,917,094
192,697,400
37,754,497,761
Non-Production
Related
Wastes(d)
Pounds
606,096
14,118
70,902
6,066
591,971
379,201
363,551 "
37,074
15,018,438
215,422
372,822
14,981
59,300
6,546,840
924,636
494,526
2,176,760
651,559
. 82,199
36,709
2,597,879
189,982
31,451,032
95
-------
\
mi
i
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
NfllN
Table 2-5. TFU Data Collected under the Pollution Prevention Act, by Chemical, 1991 (Alphabetically Ordered).
CAS
Number Chemical
75-07-0 Acetaldehyde
60-35-5 Acetamide
67-64-1 Acetone
75-05-8 Acetonitrile
107-02-8 Acrolein
79-06-1 Acrylamide
79-10-7 Acrylic acid
107-13-1 Actylonitrile
107-18-6 Allyl alcohol
107-05-1 Allyl chloride
7429-90-5 Aluminum (fume or dust)
1344-28-1 Aluminum oxide (fibrous forms)
60-09-3 4-Aminoazobenzene
92-67-1 4-Aminobiphenyl
7 '664-41-7 Ammonia
6484-52-2 Ammonium nitrate (solution)
7783-20-2 Ammonium sulfate (solution)
62-53-3 Aniline
90-04-0 o-Anisidine
104-94-9 p-Anisidine
120-12-7 Anthracene
7440-36-0 Antimony
7440-38-2 Arsenic
1332-21-4 Asbestos (friable)
7440-39-3 Barium
98-87-3 Benzal chloride
71-43-2 Benzene
98-07-7 Benzoic trichloride
98-88-4 Benzoyl chloride
94-36-0 Benzoyl peroxide
100-44-7 Benzyl chloride
7440-41-7 Beryllium
92-52-4 Biphenyl
111-44-4 Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether
542-88-1 Bis(chloromethyl) ether
108-60-1 Bis(2-chloro-l-methylethyl)ether
103-23-1 Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate
353-59-3 Bromochlorodifluoromethane
(Halon 1211)
75-25-2 Bromoform
74-83-9 Bromomethane
75-63-8 Bromotrifluoromethane
(Halon 1301)
106-99-0 1,3-Butadiene
141-32-2 Butyl acrylate
71-36-3 n-Butyl alcohol
78-92-2 sec-Butyl alcohol
75-65-0 tert-Butyl alcohol
85-68-7 Butyl benzyl phthalate
106-88-7 1,2-Butylene oxide
123-72-8 Butyraldehyde
569-64-2 C.I. Basic Green 4
989-38-8 C.I. Basic Red 1
2832-40-8 C.I. Disperse Yellow 3
81-88-9 C.I. Food Red 15
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
114,695
0
. 268,728,692 '
2,421,520,190
6,400
2,286
1 147,220
159,893,164
! 203,764
: 1,466,000
| 13,185,989
| 31,235
1 °
! o
258,127,545
: 71,981,665
708,087
11,628,476
0
0
604,718
3,218,036
470,019
1,864,544
30,976
0
196,393,605
0
0
6,355
1,049
0
24,179,485
0
0
0
6,439,053
0
1
: o
9,370
29,100
250,467,140
210
70,407,582
226,306
33,478
1,444,692
26,300
111,280
338
0
; 0
0
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
300
0
18,262,490
5,153,900
0
0
17,727
16,540
0
0
46,204,582
333,653
0
0
7,697,327
" 7,966,410
936,937
1
0
0
36,870
1,300,881
41,707
0
53,008
0
1,414,752
0
0
11,150
0
77,621
356,720
0
0
0
198,369
0
0
0
0
18,124,104
95,190
2,472,385
27,492
13,497
95,448
7
0
0
0
0
0
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
7,620,347
82,200
134,433,568
27,510,882
1,692,831
0
16,406,396
1,923,569
46,880
1,750,600
0
0
0
0
40,686,457 '
0
0
4,623,996
290
0
2,642,616
0
0
0
0
0
33,714,288
0
0
343
0
0
1,322,257
441,148
0
11,130,000
29,899
0
0
0
0
77,705,621
713,563
27,563,365
8,299,980
43,721,233
30,024
564,180
2,152,960
0
0
0
0
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
127,935
2,138
42,758,635
2,776,771
10,681
1,154
4,977,741
234,312
.370,224
33,000
64,989
1,400
0
0
337,774
0
0
2,166,273
0
0
406,996
2,997
4
0
3,973
24,000
4,932,365
0
0
914
200,581
0
318,516
350
0
0
108,210
o
0
250
0
47,154 ^
233,635
8,139,497
3,921,952
26,858,983
119,080
330,019
911
0
270
0
3
96
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
Chemical
Acetaldehyde
Acetamide
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Acrolein
Acrylamide
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
Allyl alcohol
Allyl chloride
Aluminum (fume or dust)
Aluminum oxide (fibrous forms)
4-Aminoazobenzene
4-Aminobiphenyl
Ammonia
Ammonium nitrate (solution)
Ammonium sulfate (solution)
Aniline
o-Anisidine
p-Anisidine
Anthracene
Antimony
Arsenic
Asbestos (friable)
Barium
Benzal chloride
Benzene
Benzoic trichloride,
Benzoyl chloride
Benzoyl peroxide
Benzyl chloride
Beryllium
Biphenyl,
Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether
Bis(chloromethyl) ether
Bis(2-chloro-l-methylethyl)ether
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate
Bromochlorodifluoromethane
(Halonl211)
Bromoform
Bromomethane
Bromotrifluoromethane
(Halon 1301)
1,3-Butadiene
Butyl acrylate
n-Butyl alcohol
sec-Butyl alcohol
tert-Butyl alcohol
Butyl benzyl phthalate
1,2-Butylene oxide
Butyraldehyde
C.I. B asic Green 4
C.I. Basic Red 1
C.I. Disperse Yellow 3
C.I. Food Red 15
Treated
On-site
Pounds
6,847,653
1
117,452,577
11,732,428
1,614,888
311,373
29,698,686
15,634,889
406,545
589,504
18,274,473
210,306
130
100,000
306,924,511
31,137,428
8,780,248
2,989,882
4,598
764
7,643,176
1,114,708
14,058
1,242,202
22,354
2,500
31,256,769
280,001
514,218
31,389
315,645
610
1,602,163
690,569
177
1,106,300
415,076
0
0
545,521
213
51,069,422
1,495,681
18,996,616
2,557,628
3,074,168
1,443,936
223,214
1,413,382
3,520
0
933
0
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
414,309
29,708
23,052,335
2,272,173
13
114,684
387,851
2,277,301
494,292
311,600
1,801,400
1,363,953
0
0
65,253,002'
4,168,908
27,119,422
1,228,518
10
13
27,077
, 36,679
701,767
319,020
109,319
0
2,163,924
0
511,861
69,690
89,302
0
644,626
379,664
0
0
36,036
0
190
240
0
1,364,892
175,987
4,104,959
46,554
1,543,628
198,683
910
261,213
504
0
,125
1,400
Quantity
Re!eased(b)
Pounds
9,584,996
36
161,632,499
20,958,975
233,909
4,675,782
56,335,783
7,003,311
229,711
179,248
12,484,791
2,786,394
440
4
499,483,105
52,594,025
39,871,936
2,452,780
8,494
36
191,626
489,457
1,727,668
4,710,975
853,974
1,556
18,760,658
7,937
27,073
29,867
106,840
146,835
1,365,731
19,049
582
5,400
434,978
11,948
101,000
2,512,116
168,302
3,926,193
299,794
33,949,277
778,507
2,217,688
621,176
62,645
579,317
20,158
370
1,144
1
Total
'reduction Related
Wastes(c)
Pounds
24,710,235
114,083
766,320,796
2,491,925,319
3,558,722
5,105,279
107,971,404
186,983,086
- 1,751,416
4,329,952
92,016,224
4,726,941
570
100,004
1,178,509,721
167,848,436
77,416,630
25,089,926
13,392
813
11,553,079
. 6,162,758
2,955,223
8,136,741
1,073,604
28,056
288,636,361
287,938
1,053,152
149,708
713,417
225,066
29,789,498
1,530,780
759
12,241,700
7,661,621
11,948
101,190
3,067,497
197,615
402,704,526
3,014,060
165,633,681
15,858,419
' 77,462,675
3,953,039
1,207,275
4,519,063
24,520
640
2,202
1,404
Non-Production
Related
Wastes(d)
Pounds
1,808
0
254,475
12,102
4
96
37,671
181,299
330
704
3,665
0
0
0
759,303
, 40,361
5,401
11,837
0
0
6,251
865
1,187
121,709
18,975
12,000
108,722
0
. 0
280
4,400
710
18,979
15
0
0
26
9
0
0
12,005
228,991
5
56,149
2,810
10,137
234
19
38
0
0
0
0
97
-------
o.
3
i
PrevenUon and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
WNJ1IN
Table 2-5. TRI Data Collected under the Pollution Prevention Act, by Chemical, 1991, Continued.
CAS
Number Chemical
97-56-3 C.I. Solvent Yellow 3
7440-43-9 Cadmium
156-62-7 Calcium cyanamide
133-06-2 Captan
63-25-2 Carbaryl
75-15-0 Carbon disulfide
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
463-58-1 Carbonyl sulfide
120-80-9 Catechol
57-74-9 Chlordane
7782-50-5 Chlorine
10049-04-4 Chlorine dioxide
79-11-8 Chloroacetic acid
532-27-4 2-Chloroacetophenone
108-90-7 Chlorobenzene
75-00-3 Chloroethane
67-66-3 Chloroform
74-87-3 Chloromethane
107-30-2 Chloromethyl methyl ether
126-99-8 Chloroprene
1897-45-6 Chlorothalonil
7440-47-3 Chromium
7440-48-4 Cobalt
7440-50-8 Copper
8001-58-9 Creosote
120-71-8 p-Cresidine
1319-77-3 Cresol (mixed isomers)
108-39-4 m-Cresol
95-48-7 o-Cresol
106-44-5 p-Cresol
98-82-8 Cumene
80-15-9 Cumene hydroperoxide
135-20-6 Cupferron
110-82-7 Cyclohexane
94-75-7 2,4-D (acetic acid)
1163-19-5 Decabromodiphenyl oxide
615-05-4 2,4-Diaminoanisole
39156-41-7 2,4-Diaminoanisole sulfate
' 101-80-4 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl ether
25376-45-8 Diaminotoluene (mixed isomers)
95-80-7 2,4-Diaminotoluene
132-64-9 Dibenzofuran
96-12-8 l,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane
106-93-4 1,2-Dibromoethane
124-73-2 Dibromotetrafluoroethane
(Halon2402)
84-74-2 Dibutyl phthalate
25321-22-6 Dichlorobenzene (mixed isomers)
95-50-1 1,2-Dichlorobenzene
541-73-1 1,3-Dichlorobenzene
106-46-7 1,4-Dichlorobenzene
91-94-1 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine
75-27-4 Dichlorobromomethane
75-71-8 Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12)
107-06-2 1,2-Dichloroethane
\ Recycled
On -site
Pounds
0
73,823
0
1,277
i 30,517
17,506,225
10,238,966
0
270,000
500
102,076,338
1,842,355
27,298
0
72,196,590
36,811,490
4,125,901
3,187,122
0
0
2,614
39,566,674
: 2,171,203
584,266,533
14,878,637
: 0
! 321,037
i 886,822
78,150
65,859
4,077,543
25,000
' o
160,571,531
i 39,546
! 1,282,881
| ' 0
o
! 0 ,
0
0,
, 192,924
0
! 3,550
0
! 87,500
769,000
5,498,705
360
1,044,855
0
0
1,155,150
63,246,628
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
6
249,260
0
0
0
1
390,538
0
1,000,065
0
647,823
0
0
0
892,902
140,339
2,078,744
52,813
0
130,000
670
78,576,055
8,015,392
350,356,528
43,000
0
615,657
200,520
278
120,020
84,792
0
0
918,113
0
49,617
0
0
0
0
0
24,373
0
2
0
11,230
0
1,618,813
800
4
0
0
118,984
20,100,792
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
5,446,169
' 5,964,156
2,396,121
31,816,947
0
6
0
0
240,000
2,676,212
15,751,315
5,499,527
3,031,087
0
454,294
0
0
0
0
73,000
0
3,081,999
619,002
432,000
345,685
8,227,728
277
0
11,936,571
0
0
0
0
0
5,527,057
0
0
0
1,200
0
658,230
460,380
1,041,134
117,000
292,145
0
0
0
33,544,750
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
2
813
0
0
0
187,804
10,849
0
308,304
0
0
0
0.
0
793,470
24,448
720,671
20,932
0
3,700
3
215
4
306,951
581,029
0 '
256,346
10,275
4,560
29,600
802,715
1,741
0
4,213,423
0
8,550
0
0
0
547,000
8,400
8,492
0
2
0
166,163
325,362
1,101,491
0
18,525
o
o
2,836
342,418
98
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Wastes
Chemical
C.I. Solvent Yellow 3
Cadmium
Calcium cyanamide
Captan
Carbaryl
Carbon disulfide
Carbon tetrachloride
Carbonyl sulfide
Catechol
Chlordane
Chlorine
Chlorine dioxide
Chloroacetic acid
2-Chloroacetophenone
Chlorobenzene
Chloroethane
Chloroform
Chloromethane
Chloromethyl methyl ether
Chloroprene
Chlorothalbnil
Chromium
Cobalt
Copper
Creosote
p-Cresidine
Cresol (mixed isomers)
m-Cresol
o-Cresol
p-Cresol
Cumene
Cumene hydroperoxide
Cupferron
Cyclohexane
2,4-D (acetic acid)
Decabromodiphenyl oxide
2,4-Diaminoanisole
2,4-Diaminoariisole sulfate
4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl ether
Diaminotoluene (mixed isomers)
2,4-Diaminotoluene
Dibenzofuran
l,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane
1 ,2-Dibromoethane
Dibromotetrafluoroethane
(Halon 2402)
Dibutyl phthalate
Dichlorobenzene (mixed isomers)
1 ,2-Dichlorobenzene
1 ,3-Dichlorobenzene
1 ,4-Dichlorobenzene
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine
Dichlorobromomethane
Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12
1 ,2-Dichloroethane
Treated
On-site
Pounds
0
301,920
0
12,000
994,705
8,287,633
15,074,894
6,949,151
28,591,989
7,000
298,236,718
31,827,326
906,317
0
2,343,144
18,553,147
26,581,978
9,807,000
39,600
8,095,215
1,979
1,672,436
104,911
3,718,997
158,282
697
5,819,640
184,313
21,215
133,758
4,055,098
553,898
0
29,137,068
101,271
32,350
0
0
126
307,055
0
5,000,415
0
2,362
0
196,688
225,964-
1,022,472
25
2,796
2,666
1
538,074
79,445,841
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
0
56,070
0
3,603 :
10,972
349,984
840,933
0
329,154
130
1,186,637
75
4,779
0
3,783,313
310,486
2,007,797
2,880,895
0
201,550
3,515
1,971,783
44,063
4,296,749 '
494,037
18,380
241,048
50,943
74,184
1,087,453
193,667
7,809
1,200
1,098,588
104,940
333,841
0
0
3,964
649,193
620
16,969
0
1,557
0
90,180
118,619
2,484,569
3,816
91,972
19,014
0
135,841
5,479,660
Quantity
Released(b)
Pounds
0
597,394
53,005
19,403
6,892
89,223,077
1,649,063
16,719,646
458,499
1,410
78,875,756
3,978,197
27,302
2
2,694,828
2,884,899
19,739,220
5,962,158
3,333
1,545,363
209,773
5,312,357
575,993
39,995,968
3,557,867
3,037
2,144,262
707,786
101,756
410,223
3,396,129
545,286
1,200
17,840,283
21,225
699,488
84
60
1,158
45,902
4,905
140,304
290
39,290
141
374,257
77,890
479,928
5,566
340,448
4,900
200
15,121,234
4,003,821
Total Production
Related
Wastes(c)
Pounds
' 2
1,279,280
53,005
36,283
1,043,086
121,000,893
34,169,399
26,064,918
62,774,958
9,040
481,023,278
37,647,953
965,696
240,002
85,380,459
74,476,124
60,753,838
24,942,007
42,933
10,430,122
218,554
127,099,520
10,911,566
982,941,726
19,785,852
22,114
12,479,989
2,659,661
712,143
2,192,598
20,837,672
1,134,011
2,400
225,715,577
266,982
2,406,727
84
60
5,248
7,076,207
13,925
5,383,477
290
47,963
141
- 1,584,248
1,977,215
13,247,112
127,567
1,790,745
26,580
201
17,072,119
206,163,910
Non-Br8duction
Related
Wastes(d)
Pounds
0
1,100
0
200
0
5,406
101,757
0
441
0
115,533
1,362
0
0
29,728
4,310
124,714
12,944
0
12,140
6
83,117
1,744
196,626
722,369
0
46,905
66
4,813
1,050
7,892
0
0
27,946
8
40,002
0
0
2
12
12,000
3,192
0
0
6,300
4,400 i
5,977
49,174
100
19,527
0
0
288,242
65,194
99
-------
I*" Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
nmm '
Table 2-5. TRI Data Collected under the Pollution Prevention Act, by Chemical, 1991, Continued.
CAS
Number Chemical
540-59-0 1,2-Dichloroethylene
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
120-83-2 2,4-Dichlorophenol
78-87-5 1,2-Dichloropropane
78-88-6 2,3-Dichloropropene
542-75-6 1,3-Dichloropropylene
76-14-2 Dichlorotetrafluoroethane
(CFC-114)
62-73-7 Dichlorvos
115-32-2 Dicofol
1464-53-5 Diepoxybutane
111-42-2 Diethanolamine
117-81-7 Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
84-66-2 Diethyl phthalate
64-67-5 Diethyl sulfate
119-90-4 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine
57-14-7 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine
105-67-9 2,4-Dimethylphenol
131-11-3 Dimethyl phthalate
77-78-1 Dimethyl sulfate
99-65-0 m-Dinitrobenzene
528-29-0 o-Dinitrobenzene
100-25-4 p-Dinitrobenzene
534-52-1 4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol
51-28-5 2,4-Dinitrophenol
121-14-2 2,4-Dinitrotoluene
606-20-2 2,6-Dinitrotoluene
25321-14-6 Dinitrotoluene (mixed isomers)
117-84-0 n-Dioctyl phthalate
123-91-1 1,4-Dioxane
106-89-8 Epichlorohydrin
110-80-5 2-Ethoxyethanol
140-88-5 Ethyl aciylate
100-41-4 Ethylbenzene
541-41-3 Ethyl chloroformate
74-85-1 Ethylene
107-21-1 Ethylene glycol
75-21-8 Ethylene oxide
96-45-7 Ethylene thiourea
2164-17-2 Fluometuron
50-00-0 Formaldehyde
76-13-1 Freon 113
76-44-8 Heptachlor
118-74-1 Hexachlorobenzene
87-68-3 Hexachloro-l,3-butadiene
77-47-4 Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
67-72-1 Hexachloroethane
302-01-2 Hydrazine
10034-93-2 Hydrazine sulfate
7647-01-0 Hydrochloric acid
74-90-8 Hydrogen cyanide
7664-39-3 Hydrogen fluoride
123-31-9 Hydroquinone
78-84-2 Isobutyraldehyde
67-63-0 Isopropyl alcohol (manufacturing)
Recycled
On-site
, Pounds
166,000
182,108,296
1,695,856 '
23,971,016
; 1,400,000
2,139,000
2,439,175
! 15
1 M
! 0
: 129,475
' 632,549
: 330,527
1 0
; o
0
233,175
5,100
0
0
i 0
! . 0
[ 7
0
0
0
0
' 113,506
243,685
7,085,172 '
787,572
: 170,760
13,411,266
0
373,576,147
304,686,059
409,742
0
0
151,962,186
38,428,078
0
350,000
566,000
0
1,670,000
30,300
0
115,138,071
59,247
90,063,658
103,615
900,000
142,915
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
,2,000
26,224,925
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
290,162,457
960,722
218,770
7,100,000
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0 ,
0
0
0
0
0
64,964
41,427
0
22,136
8,470
3,891,948
0 .
0
89,881,367
276
0
0
84,020
8,150,576
0
1
0
0
0
3
0
69,481,240
0
338,535
0
0
40,661
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
1,990,182
14,270,049
0
18,100,000
290,000
17,410,000
0
0
0
68,000
23,159
555,060
120,930
0
0
0
1,021,097
638,300
0
0
0
0
322,831
40,003
191,000
0
140,000
0
242,907
321,963
1,443,183
5,683,198
64,124,373
0
413,351,136
4,840,047
300,669
0
0
15,022,870
404,431
. 0
340,000
0
0
508,000
0
0
3,600
22,589,396
6,250
109,953
2,057,865
6,971,566
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
0
6,066,234
750
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
168,704
305,846
12,866
50
0
0
21,737
23,000
0
0
0
0
100
0
' 150,000
0
0
21,982
281,040
12,469
250,869
782,437
8,890,416
1,200
18,039,963
4,315,400
0
834
0
162,522
556,864
0
0
0
3,800
39,000
38,000
o
1,738
18
640
4,132
563,277
266,982
100
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
Chemical
1 ,2-Dichloroethylene
Dichloromethane
2,4-Dichlorophenol
1 ,2-Dichloropropane
2,3-Dichloropropene
1 ,3-Dichloropropylene
Dichlorotetrafluoroeth ane
(CFC-114)
Dichlorvos
Dicofol
Diepoxybutane
Diethariolamine
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
Diethyl phthalate
Diethyl sulfate
3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine
1 , 1 -Dimethyl hydrazine
2,4-Dimethylphenol
Dimethyl phthalate
Dimethyl sulfate
m-Dinitrobenzene
o-Dinitrobenzene
p-Dinitrobenzene
4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol
2,4-Dinitrophenol
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
2,6-Dinitrotoluene
Dinitrotoluene (mixed isomers)
n-Dioctyl phthalate
1,4-Dioxane
Epichlorohydrin
2-Ethoxyethanol
Ethyl acrylate
Ethylbenzene
Ethyl chloroformate
Ethylene
Ethylene glycol
Ethylene oxide
Ethylene thiourea
Fluometuron
Formaldehyde
Freonll3
Heptachlor
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachloro- 1 ,3-butadiene
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
Hexachloroethane
Hydrazine
Hydrazine sulfate
Hydrochloric acid
Hydrogen cyanide
Hydrogen fluoride
Hydroquinone
Isobutyraldehyde
Isopropyl alcohol (manufacturing)
Treated
On-site
Pounds
4,685,579
34,185,873
198,451
4,512,537
338,000
250,577
35,000
18
0
0
, 3,587,721
474,892
365,207
7,498
40
3,097
142,070
231,068
1,185,665
756,855
203,312
26,713
30,080
239,323
181,970
90,500
239,804
22,104
1,532,321
12,451,808
1,194,976
711,507
9,448,914
78,075
408,736,057
151,084,348
5,588,024
10
0
95,071,775
12,454,301
0
3,376,840
9,995,723
178,000
4,554,946
98,075
0
1,987,515,900
7,404,268
124,400,903
396,182
285,896
6,224,655
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
149
, 10,528,620
0
6,852
450,000
920
14,000
2,215
12
0
1,544,975
178,949
490,833
1,139
0
6,338
3,221
90,983
12
0
0
0
26,500
30
700
178
901,789
22,888
792,119
926,506
231,883
177,569
1,051,964
390
897,766
72,211,672
66,365
1,862
12,450
4,268,664
1,034,760
4
342,241
1,709,381
28,718
165,944
18,925
0
56,241,684
176
2,482,376
398,008
71,754
105,524
Quantity
Released(b)
Pounds
41,971
80,189,944
34,198
789,405
12,206
'20,521
1,914,392
1,530
5
0
1,291,566
2,110,679
196,670
4,322
4
489
112,759
119,519
9,599
1,628
693
162
11,549
64,710
8,641
2,200
75,248
132,373
1,103,776
478,344
664,408
252,163
9,565,158
1,801
37,235,717
23,950,078
1,899,453
16,053
1,950
17,446,887
33,589,244
1
1,138,670
8,607
28,415
37,403
32,146
150,002
285,888,060
2,202,588
9,839,263
285,742
189,000
1,487,258
Total Production
Related
Wastes(c)
Pounds
6,885,881
353,573,941
1,929,255
47,379,810
. 2,490,206
19,821,018
4,402,567
3,778
51
68,000
296,908,057
5,218,697
1,735,803
7,113,009
44
9,927
1,534,059
1,107,970
1,195,276
758,483
204,005
26,875
391,067
344,066
532,311
92,878
1,356,841
377,817
4,237,275
21,276,262
4,595,027
7,786,104
1 10,384,039
81,466
1,251,836,786
650,968,971
8,264,529
18,759
14,400
284,018,924
94,618,254
5
5,547,752
12,279,711
238,933
6,975,293
217,449
150,002
2,514,270,293
32,255,693
227,131,625
1,297,632
4,067,792
15,239,561
Non-Production
Related
Wastes(d)
Pounds
2,830
490,093
581
4
0
96
7,007
0
0
0
2,005
11,777
2,400
0
0
1
213
450
0
25,522
3
2
10,
0
0
0
4
330
57
1,747
79,509
6,400
54,164
0
967,102
429,786
19,926
0
15,000
701,388
51,871
0
2,219
450,005
50
45,034
0
0
554,365
807
5,009
115
8
34,768
101
-------
OS\
4L
i
i
-^.j Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
Table 2-5. TRI Data Collected under the Pollution Prevention Act, by Chemical, 1991, Continued.
CAS
Number Chemical
80-05-7 4,4'-Isopropylidenediphenol
120-58-1 Isosafrole
7439-92-1 Lead
58-89-9 Lindane
108-31-6 Maleic anhydride
12427-38-2 Maneb
7439-96-5 Manganese
7439-97-6 Mercury
67-56-1 Methanol
72-43-5 Methoxychlor
109-86-4 2-Methoxyethanol
96-33-3 Methyl acrylate
1634-04-4 Methyl tert-butyl ether
101-14-4 4,4'-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline)
101-68-8 Methylenebis(phenylisocyanate)
74-95-3 Methylene bromide
101-77-9 4,4'-Methylenedianiline
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
60-34-4 Methyl hydrazine
74-88-4 Methyl iodide
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
624-83-9 Methyl isocyanate
80-62-6 Methyl methacrylate
90-94-8 Michler's ketone
1313-27-5 Molybdenum trioxide
76-15-3 Monochloropentafluoroethane
(CFC-115)
91-20-3 Naphthalene
134-32-7 alpha-Naphthylamine
7440-02-0 Nickel
7697-37-2 Nitric acid
139-13-9 Nitrilotriacetic acid
99-59-2 5-Nitro-o-anisidine
98-95-3 ( Nitrobenzene
55-63-0 Nitroglycerin
88-75-5 2-Nitrophenol
100-02-7 4-Nitrophenol
79-46-9 2-Nitropropane
156-10-5 p-Nitrosodiphenylamine
121-69-7 N,N-Dimethylaniline
86-30-6 N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
56-38-2 Parathion
87-86-5 Pentachlorophenol
79-21-0 Peracetic acid
108-95-2 Phenol
106-50-3 p-Phenylenediamine
90-43-7 2-Phenylphenol
75-44-5 Phosgene
7664-38-2 Phosphoric acid
7723-14-0 Phosphorus (yellow or white)
85-44-9 Phthalic anhydride
88-89-1 Picric acid
1336-36-3 Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
123-38-6 Propionaldehyde
114-26-1 Propoxur
1 Recycled
On-site
Pounds
3,424
: 0
107,175,655 '
518
130,130
326
! 17,237,590
1,236,162
755,239,883
0
3,858,560
0 .
: 448,194
0
26,556
2,000,000
2,000 .
864,307,237
0
30
184,837,606
0
56,882,336
0
5,503,205
28,300
10,909,619
0
25,335,425
273,024,584
0
1 0
2,878,230
24,711
'o
0
0
0
43,692
0
130
52,221
21,060
66,093,239
0
0
0
42,654,131
793,608
1 1,804,546
0
0
68,517
0
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
18,337
0
48,534,922
0
47
0
68,197,746
210,434
15,026,446
0
8,289'
13,000
10,918
0
422,735
0
0
24,888,298
0
0
17,952,566
0
518,077
0
2,707,629
0
334,569
0
54,080,127
2,510,301
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,400
0
0
0
0
2,001
0
992,279
0
0
0
10,463,531
194,690
0
0
0
0
0
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
12,260,865
0
0
0
2,370,836
0 .
0
0
346,497,993
0
1,411,613
260,324
230,000
; o
112,824
0
33,024
94,341,416
0
2,500
36,906,508
, 0
3,570,890
0
0
0
3,920,377
0
0
0
0
0
4,507,114
0
0
2,000
2,213,299
18,000
0
0
0
7,800
0
23,114,311
0
27
100,128
7,463
0
3,396,807
43,003
0
2,577,021*
0
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
85,974
0
14,746
vo
36,390
0.
3,004
0
71,372,795
0
725,921
. 180,737
990,370
2,965
72,373
0
28,000
38,424,594
0
0
19,306,703
0
1,496,143
703
12
0
l',496,297
0
5,382
620
0
0
424,004
8
0
0
12,804
2,200
489,869
0
0
1,189,577
0
1,490,413
0
31
0
14,472
0
4,561,112
35,000
0
o
0
102
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
Chemical
4,4'-Isopropylidenediphenol
Isosafrole
Lead
Lindane
Maleic anhydride
Maneb
Manganese
Mercury
Methanol
Methoxychlor
2-Methoxyethanol
Methyl acrylate
Methyl tert-butyl ether
4,4'-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline)
Methylenebis(phenylisocyanate)
Methylene bromide
4,4'-Methylenedianiline
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl hydrazine . .
Methyl iodide
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Methyl isocyanate'
Methyl methacrylate
Michler's ketone
Molybdenum trioxide
Monochloropentafluoroethane
(CFC-115)
Naphthalene
alpha-Naphthylamine
Nickel
Nitric acid
Nitrilotriacetic acid
5-Nitro-o-anisidine
Nitrobenzene
Nitroglycerin
2-Nitrophenol
4-Nitrophenol
2-Nitropropane
p-Nitrosodiphenylamine
NjN-Dimethylaniline
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
Parathion
Pentachlorophenol
Peracetic acid
Phenol
p-Phenylenediamine
2-Phenylphenol
Phosgene
Phosphoric acid
Phosphorus (yellow or white)
Phthalic anhydride
Picric acid
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
Propionaldehyde
Propoxur
Treated
On-site
Pounds
2,187,911
0
2,193,348
1,500
28,501,365
3,600
1,568,413
28,356
908,629,441
133
5,596,958
1,289,503
843,536
10
255,941
285,224
356,543
45,423,894
16
43,630
11,765,185
167,410
3,457,755
0
1,229,356
61,000
20,313,626
0
1,769,176
193,661,500
804,340
48
328,302
357,420
41,616
114,000
29,921
0
202,500
0
24
14,799
16,478
23,424,780
233,372
9,786
7,277,282
388,737,290
35,671
14,084,952
1,500
2,422,736
973,343
30
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
91,425
2
1,509,856
213'
699,649
0
989,270
46,079
113,696,524
161
788,769
42,452
143,168
386
613,229
5,417
33,088.
7,757,468
0
5
2,532,919
0
764,346
0
282,842
0
636,042
0
1,252,338
26,691,465
0
3
40,147
92,807
11,340
581,307
2,837
0
271,018
470,000
100
66,021
49
5,939,412
2,989
2,944
1,695
5,591,044'
3,339
375,666
465
412,339
13,172
41
Quantity
Released(b)
Pounds
1,075,149
2
9,393,695
393
463,004
413
22,633,135
83,333
274,052,271
105
2,189,282
242,592
2,906,134
1,113
1,958,277
51,207
57,976
102,309,424
- 0
25,765
28,194,835
22,641
3,108,407
3
755,171
362,770
5,110,251
2
3,498,010
29;235,035
12,000
52
523,517
40,809
263
10,130
276,365
4,724
100,848
0
2,097 '
23,540
6,148
13,151,029
20,402
11,740
4,988
166,538,605
364,462
740,274
1,634,501
12,949
1,456,534
120
Total Production
Related
Wastes(c)
Pounds
15,723,085
4
168,822,222
2,624
32,201,421
4,339
110,629,158
'1,604,364
2,484,515,353
399
,14,579,392
2,028,608
5,572,320
4,474
3,461,935
2,341,848
510,631
1,177,452,331
16
71,930
301,496,322
190,051
69,797,954
706 .
10,478,215
452,070
42,720,781
2
85,940,458
525,123,505
816,340
103
8,701,314
515,755-
53,219
707,437
2,540,626
24,924
1,107,927
470,000
2,351
1,355,959
43,735
134,205,463
256,763
24,528
7,384,093
614,006,536
1,391,770
24,963,357
1,714,469
2,848,024
5,088,587
191
Non-Production
Related
Wastes(d)
Pounds
13,300
0
154,451 -
100
5,541
0
7,342
5,279
.460,732
0
717
42,054
11,435
0
5,814
0
33
164,607
0
0
57,244
1
12,248
0
0
7
403,721
0
4,127
51,652
1
0
61,146
0
99
0
0
0
1
0
10
148
0
64,523
0
0
376
93,946
248
254,523
' 0
801
3,125
0
103
-------
o.
a
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals
in Wastes
mm
Table 2-5. TRI Data Collected under the Pollution Prevention Act, by Chemical, 1991, Continued.
CAS
Number
115-07-1
75-55-8
75-56-9
110-86-1
91-22-5
106-51-4
82-68-8
81-07-2
7782-49-2
7440-22-4
100-42-5
96-09-3
7664-93-9
79-34-5
127-18-4
961-11-5
7440-28-0
62-55-5
62-56-6
1314-20-1
7550-45-0
108-88-3
584-84-9
91-08-7
26471-62-5
95-53-4
52-68-6
120-82-1
71-55-6
79-00-5
79-01-6
75-69-4
95-95-4
88-06-2
1582-09-8
95-63-6
51-79-6
7440-62-2
108-05,4
593-60-2
75-01-4
75-35-4
1330-20-7
108-38-3
95-47-6
106-42-3
87-62-7
7440-66-6
12122-67-7
Chemical
Propylene
Propyleneimine
Propylene oxide
Pyridine
Qu incline
Quinone
Quintozene
Saccharin (manufacturing)
Selenium
Silver
Styrene
Styrene oxide
Sulfuric acid
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachlorvinphos
Thallium
Thioacetamide
Thiourea
Thorium dioxide
Titanium tetrachloride
Toluene
Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate
Toluene-2,6-diisocyanate
Toluenediisocyanate
(mixed isomers)
o-Toluidine
Trichlorfon
1 ,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
1 , 1,2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11)
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
Trifluralin
1 ,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Urethane
Vanadium (fume or dust)
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Xylene (mixed isomers)
m-Xylene
o-Xylene
p-Xylene
2,6-Xylidine
Zinc (fume or dust)
Zineb
Antimony compounds
Arsenic compounds
Barium compounds
Beryllium compounds
Cadmium compounds
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
423,397,754
0
66,250
, 4,853,632
8,292
! 0
1,399
0
275
961,016
175,897,839
2,210
2,971,421,150
7,000,896
; 118,584,078
0
109
0
0
0 '
0
1,118,482,253
855
68
9,710
1,130,001
1 90
48,567
204,077,933
12,500,000
253,517,471
51,196,415
! °
'. 0
' 1,320
10,579,279
0
204,000
268,332
: 0
158,902,260
583,500
t203,232,878
1,317,099
1,590,087
940,964
0
14,301,992
0
4,190,189
3,376,528
18,378,282
22,000
3,791,460
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
400
0
490
0
0
0
0
0
46,378
- 1,061,670
2,051,733
0
1,168,804,572
852,909
9,035,196
0
0
0
335
0
0
24,557,245
10,948
1,800
11,129
0
0
153,144
28,751,600
7,917;850
7,446,327
169,952
0
0
0
517,663
0
149,573
22
0
236,549
0
33,656,703
32,989
10,350
1,265
0
63,661,338
0
2,114,000
949,028
999,880
7,210
1,790,381
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
710,551,553
0 '
11,839,820
764,655
236,001
73,530
0
0
0
0
28,800,292
75,000
63,405
1,000,000
4,013,084
0
6
0
0
0
0
254,980,246
35,394
8,849
7,000,396
193,880
0
2,115,121
14,001,816
12,897,170
6,188,130
0
0
0
0
2,872,790
0
0
18,299,865
0
26,360,193
177,709
176,910,275
515,889
39,605,761
104,776
0
0
0
0
0
6,102
0
0
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
2,888,300
0
1,356,901
198,462
1,307
0
0
0
0
0
8,343,383
0
27,466
32,000
1,504,622
0
0
0
0
0
3,688
86,805,609
26,931
10
17,949
161,600
0
84,043
3,913,519
0
1,045,752
135,077
0
0
0
1,840,129
0
0
3,662,152
0
0
0
75,074,433
66,612
2,803,861
111,936
0
108,822
0
' 75,602
141
253,297
0
7,504
104
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
Chemical
Propylene
Propyleneimine
Propylene oxide
Pyridine
Quinoline
Quinone
Quintozene
Saccharin (manufacturing)
Selenium
Silver
Styrene
Styrene oxide
Sulfuric acid
1 , 1 ,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachlorvinphos
Thallium
Thioacetamide
Thiourea
Thorium dioxide
Titanium tetrachloride
Toluene
Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate
Toluene-2,6-diisocyanate
Toluenediisocyanate
(mixed isomers)
o-Toluidine
Trichlorfon
1 ,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
1 , 1 , 1 -Trichloroethane
1 , 1 ,2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11)
2,4,5 -Trichlorophenol
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
Trifluralin
1 ,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Urethane
Vanadium (fume or dust)
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Xylene (mixed isomers)
m-Xylene
o-Xylene
p-Xylene
2,6-Xylidine
Zinc (fume or dust)
Zineb
Antimony compounds
Arsenic compounds
Barium compounds
Beryllium compounds
Cadmium compounds
Treated
On-site
Pounds
464,419,038
95
6,728,657
2,007,022
31,065
151,600
0
10,000
4,074
724,317
9,494,938
43,932
2,733,731,874
17,463,961
15,284,084
0
5,298
31,000
756
0
24,931,111
128,268,450
13,606
1,291
12,676
116,413
219
592,603
3,047,769
30,737,565
4,886,629
158,292
28,000
742,684
1,950
8,418,511
0
198,589
8,987,168
330,000
34,888,514
4,374,008
32,953,777
503,442
15,579,611
143,558
1,384
1,078,882
0
12,841,148
391,058
2,669,418
0
410,413
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
724,123
0
21,831
366,441
4,310
0
61,410
370
810
1,719
3,122,162
0
261,105,871
180,608
3,305,286
26,300
0
0
12,666
0
2,133,598
13,865,706
37,526
6,085
207,730
12,086
1,145
424,563
5,253,041
5,358,381
2,630,021
180,035
0
0
25,265
342,982
15,300
860
283,756
0
130,526
74,619
11,623,545
107,184
205,507
58,749
0
2,600,684
2
246,743
500,470
3,749,327
611
301,489
Quantity
Released!!))
Pounds
21,564,865
413
1,086,594
576,810
.. 71,570
4,004
1,361
1,400
5,221
126,314
28,884,115
1,571
283,483,678
65,768
16,407,683
6,882
985
0
18,798
102,749
243,074
196,784,903
1,467,006
364,476
38,400
39,916
141
486,669
132,160,136
538,029
34,532,204
11,935,150
0
82
64,959
5,379,986
5,300
488,049
8,743,998
3,600
1,017,049
270,541
114,334,033
1,533,942
1,728,058
5,368,692
12
14,974,953
10
3,227,554
4,149,954
' 20,086,332
31,801
637,968
Total Production
Related
Wastes(c)
Pounds
1,623,546,033
508
21,100,543
8,767,022
352,545
229,134
64,170
11,770
56,758
2,875,036
256,594,462
122,713
7,418,638,016
26,596,142
168,134,033
33,182
6,392
31,000
32,555
102,749
27,311,471
1,823,744,412
1,592,266
382,579
7,297,990
1,653,896
1,595
3,904,710
391,205,814
69,948,995
310,246,534
63,774,921
28,000
742,766
93,494
29,951,340
20,600
1,041,071
40,245,293
333,600
221,535,091
5,480,377
647,785,644
4,077,157
61,523,235
6,729,940
1,396
96,726,671
12
22,695,236
9,367,179
46,142,638
61,622
6,939,215
Non-Production
Related
Wastes(d)
. Pounds
1,805,211
0
. 17,954
353
73
0
0
0
0
0
442,670
0
9,903,100
10
221,631
0
0
0
0
0
3,607
666,612
894
223
10,673
1,328
13
1,515
293,081
3,629
161,449
60,800
0
0
224
17,810
2,500
0
23,884
0
51,456
1,327
615,512
3,779
11,842
2,029
0
50,838
0
124,398
16,200
73,471
0
114,033
105
-------
o.
«M
a
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
NHW
Table 2-5. TFll Data Collected under the Pollution Prevention Act, by Chemical, 1991, Continued.
CAS
Number Chemical
Chlorophenols
Chromium compounds
Cobalt compounds '
Copper compounds
Cyanide compounds
Glycol ethers
Lead compounds
Manganese compounds
Mercury compounds
Nickel compounds
Selenium compounds
Silver compounds
Thallium compounds
Zinc compounds
Mixtures and other trade names
Trade Secrets(e)
Total
i Recycled
On-site
| Founds
2,007,786
52,384,427
I 539,577
' 62,522,745
3,756,207
17,576,Q34
666,910,750
34,748,470
46,763
I 23,266,310
146,320
: 1,711,699
1,000
I218-,519,583
32,801
900,000,000
16,379,108,682
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
0
28,022,971
1,296,538
114,991,063
38,280
3,978,151
224,964,761
29,413,152
63,813
24,657,694
22,910
1,195,554
1,500
155,616,570
1,573,309
30,000
3,261,980,931
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
21,000
0
2
40
260,040
21,932,134
116,475
0
0
0
0
0
0
260,584
126,272,110
390,000
3,186,795,733
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
4,273
74,778
2,630
225,860
6
12,472,029
55,085
36,002
3,241
4,247
0
0
0
558,574
768
2,000
497,757,471
106
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Wastes
Chemical
Chlorophenols
Chromium compounds
Cobalt compounds
Copper compounds
Cyanide compounds
Glycol ethers
Lead compounds
Manganese compounds
Mercury compounds
Nickel compounds
Selenium compounds
Silver compounds
Thallium compounds
Zinc compounds
Mixtures and other trade names
Trade Secrets
Total
Treated
On-site
Pounds
1,407
34,025,419
1,210,890
101,927,104
43,123,280
19,168,317
40,049,865'
572,185
7,497
17,776,097
65,000
587,032
0
124,287,132
173,799
600,000
9,783,374,620
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
105,675
3,000,271
115,275
1,961,933
418,798
9,276,458
4,209,180
8,544,482
18,718
1,340,727
48,943
1,784
0
21,298,188
480,353
25,054
874,285,432
Quantity
Released(b)
Pounds
235,854
34,767,990
482,193
46,287,976
4,852,857
46,952,235
26,062,277
85,599,347
15,453
5,210,092
126,351
612,297
1,000
153,846,469
529,678
10,848
3,771,194,892
Total Production
Related
Wastes(c)
Pounds
2,375,995
152,275,856
3,647,105
327,916,721
52,449,468
131,355,358
962,368,393
158,913,638
155,485
72,255,167
409,524
4,108,366
3,500
674,387,100
129,062,818
901,057,902
37,754,497,761
Non-Production
Related
Wastes(d)
Pounds
1
287,078
5,337
389,649
2,701
441,221
676,323
4,302,300
20
141,331
34
292
0
648,431
: i(K),304
0
31,451,032
107
-------
°/l
^3 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
mmm
Tables 2-6 through 2-9 show the top 25 toxic chemicals (by quantity) in each category of the
waste management hierarchy: recycle; energy recovery; treatment; and release (including disposal).
Sulfuric acid was reported as recycled in the greatest quantity, both on-site and off-site. Propylene
was reported as combusted in the greatest quantity for the purposes of energy recovery in total as
well as on-site. Toluene (#4 overall) was reported as transferred off-site for the purposes of energy
recovery in the greatest quantity. Sulfuric acid was reported as the greatest quantity treated, both
on-site and off-site. The top 25 chemicals released (including off-site disposal) are listed in
Table 2-9. Comparing this group of chemicjals to the top 50 chemicals released on-site shows that
these 25 include the top 22 released on-site (presented in Table 1-10 in Chapter 1). The relative
rankings are different due to the inclusion of off-site disposal in the quantities released as presented
in this chapter. ;
108
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
Table 2-6. Top 25 TRI Chemicals Reported as Recycled, 1991.
CAS
Number
7664-93-9
75-05-8
108-88-3
7440-50-8
78-93-3
67-56-1
115-07-1
107-21-1
74-85-1
111-42-2
67-64-1
7697-37-2
106-99-0
7664-41-7
79-01-6
1330-20-7
71-55-6
75-09-2
108-10-1
71-43-2
7647-01-0
100-42-5,
Chemical
Sulfuric acid
Acetonitrile
Toluene
Copper
Trade Secrets(e)
Lead compounds
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methanol
Propylene
Ethylene glycol
Zinc compounds
Elhylene
Diethanolamine
Acetone
Nitric acid
1,3-Butadiene
Ammonia
Trichloroethylene
Xylene (mixed isomers)
1,1, 1-Trichloroethane
Dichloromethane
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Benzene
Hydrochloric acid
Styrene
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
2,971,421,150
2,421,520,190
1,118,482,253
584,266,533
900,000,000
666,910,750
864.3Q7.237
755,239,883
423,397,754
304,686,059
218,519,583
373,576,147
129,475
268,728,692
273,024,584
250,467,140
258,127,545
,253,517,471
203,232,878
204,077,933
182,108,296
184,837,606
196,393,605
115,138,071
175,897,839
14,168,008,674
16,379,108,682
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
1,168,804,572
5,153,900
24,557,245
350,356,528
30,000
224,964,761
24,888,298
15,026,446
400
89,881,367
155,616,570
0
290,162,457
18,262,490
2,510,301
18,124,104
7,697,327
7,446,327
33,656,703
28,751,600
26,224,925
17,952,566
1,414,752
69,481,240
2,051,733
2,583,016,612
3,261,980,931
Total
Recycled
Pounds
4,140,225,722
2,426,674,090
1,143,039,498
934,623,061
900,030,000
891,875,511
. 889,195,535
770,266,329
423,398,154
394,567,426
374,136,153
373,576,147
290,291,932
286,991,182
275,534,885
268,591,244
265,824,872
260,963,798
236,889,581
232,829,533
208,333,221
202,790,172
197,808,357
184,619,311
177,949,572
16,751,025,286
19,641,089,613
109
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
mm: '
Table 2-7. Top 25 TRI Chemicals Reported as Combusted for Energy Recovery, 1991.
CAS
Number
115-07-1
74-85-1
67-56-1
108-88-3
1330-20-7
67-64-1
78-93-3
106-99-0
100-41-4
75-65-0
108-10-1
95-47-6
7664-41-7
71-43-2
100-42-5
71-36-3
107-06-2
120-80-9
75-05-8
75-01-4
108-95-2
74-90-8
108-05-4
Chemical
Propylene
Ethylene
Methanol
Toluene [
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Acetone
Methyl ethyl ketone :
Mixtures and other trade names
1,3-Butadiene
Ethylbenzene
tert-Butyl alcohol
Methyl isobutyl ketone
o-Xylene
Ammonia
Benzene
Styrene
n-Butyl alcohol
Glycol ethers
1,2-Dichloroethane i
Catechol !
Acetonitrile
Vinyl chloride [
Phenol
Hydrogen cyanide
Vinyl acetate
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
710,551,553
413,351,136
346,497,993
254,980,246
176,910,275
134,433,568
94,341,416
126,272,110
77,705,621
64,124,373
43,721,233
36,906,508
39,605,761
40,686,457
33,714,288
28,800,292
27,563,365
21,932,134
33,544,750
31,816,947
27,510,882
26,360,193
23,114,311
22,589,396
18,299,865
2,855,334,673
3,186,795,733
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
2,888,300
18,039,963
71,372,795
86,805,609
75,074,433
42,758,635
38,424,594
768
47,154
8,890,416
26,858,983
19,306,703
2,803,861
337,774
4,932,365
8,343,383
8,139,497
12,472,029
342,418
308,304
2,116,171
0
1,490,413 '
18
3,662,152
436,077,338
497,757,471
Total
Energy
Recovery
Pounds
713,439,853
431,391,099
417,870,788
341,785,855
251,984,708
177,192,203
132,766,010
126,272,878
77,752,775
, 73,014,789
70,580,216
56,213,211
42,409,622
41,024,231
38,646,653
37,143,675
35,702,862
34,404,163
33,887,168
32,125,251
30,287,653
26,360,193
24,604,724
22,589,414
21,962,017
3,291,412,011
3,684,553,204
110
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Wastes
Table 2-8. Top 25 TRI Chemicals Reported as Treated, 1991.
CAS
Number
7664-93-9
7647-01-0
67-56-1
115-07-1
74-85-1
7664-38-2
7664-41-7
7782-50-5
107-21-1
7697-37-2
108-88-3
67-64-1
7664-39-3
50-00-0
107-06-2
78-93-3
106-99-0
- 75-09-2
1330-20-7
79-00-5
Chemical
Sulfuric acid
Hydrochloric acid
Methanol
Propylene
Ethylene
Phosphoric acid
Ammonia
Chlorine
Ethylene glycol
Nitric acid
Zinc compounds
Toluene
Acetone
Hydrogen fluoride
Copper compounds
Formaldehyde
1 ,2-Dichloroethane
Methyl ethyl ketone
1,3-Butadiene
Dichloromethane
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Lead compounds
Cyanide compounds
Chromium compounds
1 , 1 ,2-Trichloroethane
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Treated
On-site
Pounds
2,733,731,874
1,987,515,900
, 908,629,441
464,419,038
408,736,057
, . 388,737,290
306,924,511
298,236,718
151,084,348
193,661,500
124,287,132
128,268,450
117,452,577
124,400,903
101,927,104
95,071,775
79,445,841
45,423,894
51,069,422
34,185,873
32,953,777
40,049,865
43,123,280
34,025,419
30,737,565
8,924,099,554
9,783,374,620 .
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
261,105,871
56,241,684
113,696,524
724,123
897,766
5,591,044
65,253,002
1,186,637
72,211,672
26,691,465
21,298,188
13,865,706
23,052,335
2,482,376
1,961,933
4,268,664
5,479,660
7,757,468
1,364,892
10,528,620
11,623,545
4,209,180
418,798
3,000,271
5,358,381
720,269,805
874,285,432
Total
Treated
Pounds
2,994,837,745
2,043,757,584
1,022,325,965
465,143,161
409,633,823
394,328,334
372,177,513
299,423,355
223,296,020
220,352,965
145,585,320
142,134,156
140,504,912
'126,883,279
103,889,037
' 99,340,439
84,925,501
53,181,362
52,434,314
44,714,493
44,577,322
44,259,045
43,542,078
37,025,690
36,095,946
9,644,369,359
10,657,660,052
111
-------
o
. "**
n
1 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Wastes
rafir
Table 2-9. Top 25 Chemicals Reported as Released (Includes Off-site Disposal), 1991.
CAS
Number
7664-41-7
7647-01-0
7664-93-9
67-56-1
108-88-3
7664-38-2
67-64-1
71-55-6
1330-20-7
78-93-3
75-15-0
75-09-2
7782-50-5
79-10-7
6484-52-2
7440-50-8
7783-20-2
74-85-1
79-01-6
71-36-3
Chemical
[
Ammonia
Hydrochloric acid ;
Sulfuric acid
Methanol i
Toluene
Phosphoric acid
Acetone
Zinc compounds ;
1,1,1-Trichloroethane I
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Methyl ethyl ketone ;
Carbon disulfide |
Manganese compounds
Dichloromethane
Chlorine
Acrylic acid
Ammonium nitrate (sdlution)
Glycol ethers ,
Copper compounds
Copper
Ammonium sulfate (solution)
Ethylene j
Chromium compounds
Trichloroethylene
n-Butyl alcohol
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Quantity
Released(b)
Pounds
499,483,105
285,888,060
283,483,678
274,052,271
196,784,903
166,538,605
161,632,499
153,846,469
132,160,136
114,334,033
102,309,424 ,
89,223,077
85,599,347
80,189,944
78,875,756
56,335,783
52,594,025
46,952,235
46,287,976
39,995,968
39,871,936
37,235,717
34,767,990
34,532,204
33,949,277
3,126,924,418
3,771,194,892
112
-------
I Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Wastes |
ISSUES ASSOCIATED WITH THE NEW INFORMATION REQUIRED ON FORM R
As with the first year of data collection under TRI (1987), EPA recognizes that the quality of
the data required by the PPA and reported for the first time under TRI in 1991 is questionable. Just
as the TRI program developed over time since 1987, the issues and problems associated with the
collection of these additional data will be resolved with the help of the public. EPA is currently
providing as much guidance as possible through training courses and workshops held across the
country.
There are two main issues associated with these new data: (1) how the new data are to be
reported and what they mean or do not mean; and (2) how these new data relate to the data collected
under TRI prior to 1991. Table 2-8, the top 25 chemicals reported as treated, reveals one of the
issues of how the new data are reported. Four of the top 25 chemicals reported as treated are metal
compounds: zinc compounds, #11; copper compounds, #15; lead compounds, #22; and chromium
compounds, #24. Because the amounts reported should reflect only the parent metal portion of the
metal compound, and because the parent metals are not destroyed in on-site treatment, these metal
compounds should not be reported as treated on-site. If a facility interprets the quantity treated on-
site to represent the amount of the toxic chemical removed from wastes and not the amount of the
toxic chemical in wastes destroyed, the facility may double-count the amount of the toxic chemical
in wastes and incorrectly categorize the ultimate disposition of the toxic chemical in wastes. Quan-
tities of metals undergoing on-site treatment are not destroyed, but are either released on-site or
transferred off-site, and should be reported as such in Section 8 of Form R. If a facility reports a
metal both as treated on-site and as released, or disposed, this results in the double-counting of the
quantity of the metal in waste. Because of this problem, metals should not be reported as treated on-
site. Metals can, however, be reported as sent off-site for treatment. This is acceptable, because
facilities are only required to report the ultimate known disposition of toxic chemicals transferred
, off-site and because quantities reported as treated off-site represent the quantities leaving the facility
for the purposes of treatment, not the amount actually destroyed off-site. However, it should be
realized that parent metals sent off-site for treatment will not be destroyed and will ultimately be
released or disposed to the environment.
Further complicating this is the issue of how to report a quantity that is treated and sub-
sequently disposed. In reporting transfers off-site, facilities should report the. ultimate known
disposition of the toxic chemical. In a situation where a metal is sent off-site and stabilized prior to
disposal in a landfill, the quantity of the metal sent off-site should be reported as disposed, not
treated, off-site in both Sections 6 and 8 of Form R. There may, however, be situations where the
facility transfers the toxic chemical off-site and does not know that it is being landfilled or where it
is being landfilled, and the only information available to the facility is the .treatment prior to dis-
posal. While the quantity can be reported as a quantity treated off-site, this makes it difficult to
clearly categorize or assess the difference between the treatment and release/disposal categories of
the waste management hierarchy.
The second issue associated with the new data, how they relate to the data that have been
collected under TRI prior to 1991, is evident through comparisons of the information presented in
this chapter and the information provided in Chapter 1. The new information reported on Form R
113
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
1991 Form R
On-site Releases
(Section 5)
1991 Form R
Source Reduction and
Recycling Information
(Section 8)
1991 Form R
Off-site Transfers
(Section 6)
On-site
Releases
3,386 million
On-site Releases
and Offj-site Disposal
3,771 million
-------
I Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Wastes |
may not match exactly with the release and transfer information that has been collected since the
inception of the TRI program. Figure 2-5 shows how quantities released on-site, quantities trans-
ferred off-site, and the new information relate, and the magnitudes of the differences between the
reported quantities.
In some cases, information on quantities of the toxic chemicals transferred off-site (reported
in Section 6) does not match with the new information (reported in Section 8). Some facilities have
reported quantities as sent off-site, but did not provide a code indicating the waste management
activity to which the quantity was subject (recycle, energy recovery, treatment, or disposal). Some
facilities reported quantities sent off-site, but provided codes that are not in the instructions for Form
R; these codes cannot be assigned to any particular off-site activity and, along with the quantities
that have no codes, are identified as "other" off-site activities.
Even with the use of valid codes, however, there still may exist some discrepancies. For
example, the quantity released (including disposal) as reported in Section 8 of Form R may not
equal the sum of the quantities reported as released on-site and the amounts reported as sent off-site
for disposal (reported in Sections 5 and 6, respectively). EPA believes that this is a problem in
relating the data that should be reported in different sections of Form R that will be reduced over
time.
The largest discrepancy in the information reported is the difference between what is
reported as recycled off-site in Section 8 of Form R and what is reported as sent off-site for recyc-
ling in the "Off-Site Transfers" section of Form R (Section 6). This discrepancy, which is greater
than 1 billion pounds, may be due to factors beyond just relating the data reported in different
sections of Form R. Facilities may have interpreted what was to be reported as recycled off-site for
the new information (Section 8) differently from what was to be reported as sent off-site as a trans-
fer in wastes (Section 6.2).
To resolve these and other complex outstanding issues, EPA has initiated a public dialogue
process, in which members of environmental groups, industry, States, and academia are being
brought together. The representatives of these groups will discuss the issues associated with report-
ing this new information and provide EPA with advice and recommendations as to how to resolve
them. This process will insure that the intent of the PPA is met and that the users of TRI data are
provided with meaningful information on the management of toxic chemicals in wastes.
WHAT is BEING DONE TO REDUCE THESE WASTES?
Facilities are required to provide information on any source reduction activity implemented
during the reporting (calendar) year. Source reduction activities are those that reduced or prevented
a quantity of the reported toxic chemical from being recycled, combusted for energy recovery,
treated, or released (including disposal). Of the 23,719 facilities that submitted Form Rs for 1991,
8,821 (37%) indicated that they implemented source reduction. Of the total 82,293 Form Rs sub-
mitted, 21,381 (26%) indicated that source reduction had been implemented.
115
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Wastes
m
The categories or types of source reduction actions that can be reported are:
Good operating practices
Inventory control
Spill and leak prevention
Raw material modifications
Process modifications
Cleaning and degreasing
Surface preparation and finishing
Product modifications
Under these categories are more specific activities that are reported on Form R using specific
codes. For example, raw material modifications include increasing the purity of raw materials,
substitution of raw materials, and "other" raw material modifications. The most frequently reported
source reduction activities were good operating practices, process modifications, and spill and leak
prevention activities. j
A reported source reduction activity could have been implemented at any time during the
reporting year. This is important to consider when analyzing the source reduction activities reported
and the impact that those activities might have had on the total quantity of wastes that had to be
managed. The implementation of a source Deduction activity late in the reporting year would have
had a smaller impact on the amount of wastes that was managed than the implementation of the
same activity earlier in the reporting year.
What is Pollution Prevention? |
|
Through pollution prevention, [risks to people and the environment can be reduced,
financial and natural resources can be [saved that would otherwise have to be expended on
environmental clean-up or pollution control, and industrial processes can become more
efficient. Pollution prevention is source reduction, which is defined in the PPA as any
practice that: ;
reduces the amount of any hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant entering
any waste stream or otherwise released into the environment (including fugitive
emissions); and
reduces the hazards to public health and the environment associated with the release
of such substances, pollutants, or contaminants.
Pollution prevention practices can include equipment, process, procedure, or tech-
nology modifications, reformulation or redesign of products, substitution of raw materials,
and improvements in maintenance and inventory controls. Under this definition, waste
management activities, including recycling, treatment, and disposal, are not considered forms
of pollution prevention.
Box 2-1. What Is Pollution Prevention?
116
-------
I Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Wastes
Facilities are also required to report the method(s) used to identify the reported source
reduction activity. The methods are as follows:
Internal pollution prevention opportunity audit(s)
External pollution prevention opportunity audit(s)
Materials balance audits
Participative team management
Employee recommendation (independent of a formal company program)
Employee recommendation (under a formal company program)
State government technical assistance program
Federal government technical assistance program
Trade association/industry technical assistance program
Vendor assistance
Other
The most frequently reported methods of identifying opportunities for source reduction
measures were internal pollution prevention opportunity audits and participative team management.
The frequency for these methods and the association between reported source reduction activities
and the methods used to identify the opportunities for them are shown in Table 2-10.
The states of California, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Texas had the greatest
number of forms reporting source reduction activities. Good operating practices and process modi-
fications were reported most frequently as the types of source reduction activities implemented (see
Table 2-11). Consistent with the national picture, the most frequent method of identifying oppor-
tunities for source reduction for facilities in these states were internal pollution prevention oppor-
tunity audits and participative team management (see Table 2-12).
Among industries, the greatest number of forms submitted indicating source reduction were
from the chemical industry and fabricated metals sector. Of the total forms submitted by each
sector, the greatest percentage of forms indicating source reduction were those from the furniture,
measurements/photographic equipment, and printing sectors. Of the total facilities in each industry
submitting Form Rs, the greatest percentage of facilities reporting source reduction activities are in
the measurements/photographic equipment, electrical, and printing sectors. Looking at the distribu-
tion of activities, good operating practices, process modifications, and spill and leak prevention,
were most frequently reported (see Tables 2-13 and 2-14).
The top 50 chemicals for which source reduction was reported are listed in Tables 2-15 and
2-16. The chemical for which source reduction was reported most frequently was 1,1,1-trichloro-
ethane. The activities most frequently reported to reduce the amount of 1,1,1-trichloroethane enter-
ing wastes included cleaning and degreasing process modifications and good operating practices.
The most frequent methods of identifying opportunities for source reduction for 1,1,1-trichloro-
ethane were internal pollution prevention opportunity audits and participative team management.
117
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Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Wastes
Table 2-10. Methods Used to Identify Source Reduction Activity for Each Source Reduction Activity, 1991
(number of occurrences of each method).
Source
Reduction
Activity(l)
Good Operating Practices
W13
W14
W19
Inventory Control
W21
W22
W23
W24
W25
W29
Spill and Leak Prevention
W31
W32
W33
W35
W36
W39
Raw Material Modifications
W41
W42
W49
Process Modifications
W51
W52
W53
W54
W55
W58
Cleaning and Degreasing
W59
W60
W61
W63
W64
W65
W66
W67
W68
W71
Surface Preparation/Finishinj
W72
W73
W74
W75
W78
Product Modifications
W81
W82
W83
W89
Total
Percent of Total
Percent of Pollution Prevention
Number of Total Opportunity Audit
Occurrences Occurrences Internal
16,672 27.0
7,212 . 11.7
3,379 5.5
6,081 9.8
4,115 6.7
1,240 2.0
564 0.9
31 0.1
433 0.7
392 . 0.6
1,455 2.4
9,467 15.3
937 1.5
2,108 3.4
751 1.2
913 1.5
2,939 4.8
1,819 2.9
6,678 10.8
842 1.4
4,967 8.0
869 1.4
12,774 20.7
2,498 4.0
4,686 7.6
275 0.4
395 ' 0.6
812 1.3
4,108 6.7
5,206 . 8.4
486 0.8
186 0.3
2,008 3.3
264 0.4
375 0.6
202 0.3
195 0.3
140 0.2
280 0.5
1,070 1.7
; 4,116 6.7
1,380 2.2
1,275 2.1
947 1.5
155 0.3
359 0.6
2,745 4.4
855 1.4
1,409 2.3
58 0.1
423 0.7
61,773 100.0
100.0
3,797
1,826
648
1,323
733
237
121
5
73
50
247
2,792
216
664
190
,264
855
603
1,222
65
1,014
143
2,887
657
1,146
50
63
162
809
1,258
121
47
511
66
98
43
45
34
77
216
661
211
221
134
27
68
432
160
186
6
80
13,782
22.3 '
External
359
215
42
102
86
7
7
0
16
7
49
347
23
66
37
24
127
70
138
5
124
9
346
63
164
4
4
17
94
89
5
3
53
6 ,
3
2
0
1
2
14
99
25
37
18
8
11
54
20
31
, 1
2
1,518
2.5
Materials
Balance
Audit
1,429
! 740
: 292
397
383
105
54
5
5
27
187
530
50
120
34
78
158
90
301
31
221
49
928
269
342
13
22
43
239
286
48
10
85
14
23
10
'5
7
28
56
214
84
61
47
12
10
116
53
46
0
17
4,187
6.8
Participative
Team
Management
5,296
2,169
1,269
1,858
1,202
322
165
10
170
104
431
2,254
261
547
201
156
679
410
1,636
319
1,143
174
3,405
717
1,154
53
119
237
1,125
1,332
124
49
498
67
92
50
57
29
81
285
888
262
259
243
39
85
679
189
388
10
92
16,692
27.0
118
-------
I Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Wastes
Source
Reduction
Activity
Good Operating Practices
W13
W14
W19
Inventory Control
W21
W22
W23
W24
W25
W29
Spill and Leal; Prevention
W31
W32
W33
W35
W36
W39
Raw Material Modifications
W41
W42
W49
Process Modifications
W51
W52
W53
W54
W55
W58
Cleaning and Degreasing
W59
W60
W61
W63
W64
W65
W66
W67
W68
W71
Surface Preparation/Finishing
W72
W73
W74
W75
W78
Product Modifications
W81
W82
W83
W89
Total
Percent of Total
Employee
Informal
2,159
842
640
677
470
156
91
1
37
78
107
1,025
109
296
78
59
261
222
726
277
381
68
1,408
296
530
44
55
104
379
605
57
10
134
49
78
35
35
33
35
139
279
99
58
99
7
16
239
77
115
9
38
6,911
11.2
Recommendation
Formal
Program
1,036
453
153
430
258
92
27
4
28
11
96.
558
53
109
62
39
203
92
317
9
271
37
785
157
277
7
31
43
270
349
43
10
133
7
1,7
13
4
9
28
85
152
49'
29
35
2
37
156
45
86
' 2
23
3,611
5.8
State
Program
103
45
11
47
20
6
0
1
3
9
1
63
11
6
6
7
19
14
23
0
21
2
47
12
19
1
4
1
10
48
3
1
21
5
4
6
3
1
1
3
26
10
2
9
0
5
7
2
5
0
0
337
0.5
Federal
Program
18
11
3
4
11
5
0
1
5
0
0
31
5
2
4
2
8
10
22
0
17
5
12
1
4
0
0
0
7
17
1
1
9
1
0
1
1
0
0
3
11
1
2
1
0
7
4
0
4
0
0
126
0.2
Trade/-
Industry
Program
420
154
53
213
187
56
1
1
27
4
98
242
15
49
20
34
82
42
284
11
221
52
436
51
162
15
14
8
186
190
7
11
94
7
17
3
8
5
4
34
344
141
92
79 "
10
22
158
33
111
1
13
2,261
3.7
Vendor
Assistance
887
401
109
377
388
144
58
2
25
37
122 ,
562
58
121
57
87
139
100
1,461
98
1,103
260
1,263
177
481
52
51
134
368
758
59
29
367
36
37
27
28
13
18
144
1,151
431
424
201
36
59
440
144
231 '
13
52
6,910
11.2
Other
1,168
356
159
653
377
110
40
1
44
65
117
1,063
136
128
62
163
408
166
548
27
451
70
1,257
98
407
36
32
63
621
274
18
15
103
6
6
12
9
8
6
91
291
67
90
81
14
39
460
132
206
16
106
5,438
8.8
119
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Wastes |
FBEVOTF | '
Table 2-11. Number of TRI Facilities and Forms Reporting Source Reduction, by Source Reduction Category,
by State, 1991. ;
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Facilities Reporting Source
Reduction Activities
Number . Percent of All
ofTRI Facilities
Facilities Number in the State
480
7
2
186
394
1,891
208
441
70
520
741
27
55
1,425
1,000
154 32.1
4 57.1
1 50.0
95 51.1
148 37.6
815 43.1
75 36.1
178 40.4
26 37.1
206 39.6
267 36.0
6 22.2
18 32.7
490 34.4
414 41.4
442 1148 33.5
268
427
320
109
230
633
982
99 36.9
161 37.7
109 34.1
46 42.2
66 28.7
285 45.0
342 34.8
560 [259 46.3
315 J116 36.8
600
24
183
40
129
782
43
894
203 33.8
7 29.2
59 32.2
14 35.0
50 38.8
258 33.0
18 41.9
356 39.8
971 354 36.5
38
1,653
264
250
1,241
182
179
477
56
671
1,254
137
53
3
485
354
145
852
26
13 34.2
555 33.6
79 29.9
109 43.6
421 33.9
51 28.0
78 43.6
183 38.4
20 35.7
282 42.0
442 35.2
52 38.0
23 43.4
1 33.3
170 35.1
144 40.7
55 37.9
291 34.2
5 19.2
,23,719 8,821 37.2
Number
ofTRI
Forms
1,840
48
2
576
1,221
5,788
597
1,295
293
1,497
2,400
87
183
5,062
3,520
1,330
941
1,640
2,008
368
757
1,789
3,818
1,617
1,083
2,125
137
526
105
357
2,846
154
2,809
3,033
102
6,048
870
787
4,264
572
477
1,880
110
2,242
6,084
498
125
29
1,680
1,119
723
2,703
' 128
82,293
Forms Reporting Source
Reduction Activities
Number
430 ,
10
1
220
314
1974
152
331
51
390
608
32
34
1234
1082
316
284
345
372
88
136
593
994
577
271
576
11
127
35
94
572
48
889
843
22
1404
167
256
1044
104
157
463
34
622
1358
132
48
9
425
312
146
616
28
21,381
Percent of
All Forms
from the State
23.4
20.8
50.0
38.2
25.7
34.1
25.5
25.6
17.4
26.1
25.3
36.8
18.6
24.4
30.7
23.8
30.2
21.0
18.5
23.9
18.0
33.1
26.0
35.7
25.0
27.1
8.0
24.1
33.3
26.3
'20.1
31.2
31.6
27.8
21.6
23.2
19.2
32.5
24.5
18.2
32.9
24.6
30.9
27.7
22.3
26.5
38.4
31.0
25.3
27.9
20.2
22.8
21.9
26.0
120
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Category of Source Reduction Activity (number of forms reporting)
Good
Operating
Practices
245
6
0
111
105
1139
72
177
16
177
331
0
13
605
402
150
152
137
184
39
. 73
367
492
256
124
246
3
52
12
38
230
34
396
303
8
662
70
118
495
24
82
204
22
260
536
45
25
0
190
155
61
298
24
9,966
Inventory
Control
53
0
0
18
41
253
12
35
3
31
49
17
1
140
142
13
33
21
29
2
8
87
210
78
27
106
0
6
5
14
70
4
117
190
P
165
39
27
132
27
17
32
6
51
129
11
0
0
64
30
11
54
0
2,610
Spill
and Leak
Prevention
129
7
1
93
110
673
44
55
15
136
245
32
4
360
254
72
80
95
156
3
24
61
225
130
123
304
2
25
13
22
164
3
201
215
1
296
60
49
223
31
67
132
21
145
550
30
2
0
92
104
33
126
33
6,071
Raw
Material
Modifi-
cations
74
1
0
42
57
266
20
49
6
69
116
0
6
316
247
71
51
.58
39
30
51
122
186
118
54
152
2
33
5
11
112
3
147
173
7
288
37
62
206
24
25
63
2
135
204
18
10
0
92
70
20
140
4
4,094
Process
Modifi-
cations
135
16
0
92
114
718
60
109
28
146
223
5
22
455
407
105
98
130
213
24
42
192
443
211
66
172
5
37
10
38
234
19
348
259
11
521
47
111
440
35
47
190
6
204
566
72
13
9
138
137
95
208
4
8,030
Cleaning
and
Degreasing
41
0
0
65
35
376
18
107
5
83
68.
0
3
177
188
37
52
49
31
20
21
106
153
113
25
96
0
16-
2
20
48
9
125
84
4
157
16
29
175
22
42
47
7
52
140
9
8
0
55
56
5
94
2
3,093
Surface
Preparation
and
Finishing
36
0
0
12
71
114
27
15
3
38
31
0
2
90
158
56
17
36
10
16
10
32
173
78
42
44
0
28
0
10
18
3
108
215
8
139
31
42
146
4
18
39
3
84
82
10
6
0
72
34
7
93
0
2,311
Product
Modifi-
cations
21
0
0
11
45
153
7
32
0
42
46
0
1
133
80
21
20
25
6
4
15
48
143
36
10
47
1
7
1
3
33
5
91
67
3
, 184
29
34
73
9
5
47
1
47
82
6
5
0
24
24
7
64
0
1,798
121
-------
°A_
-<3 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
Table 2-12. Methods Used to Identify Reported Source Reduction Activities, by State, 1991.
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Percent of Total
Pollution Prevention Materials
Opportunity Audit Balance
Internal External Audit
180 ,29 74
7 0 1
00 0
97 10 . 44
122 10 33
888 165 280
66 8 15
143 14 42
17 1 6
154 9 59
247 25 90
27 0 0
92 2
408 47 95
373 48 109
105 20 . 53
73 2 55
122 ' 14 47
178 9 62
30 1 12
39 3 12
200 24 71
360 41 134
263 18 47
112 5 42
250 11 31
10 0
51 4 8
907
26 1 16
165 37 66
24 -0 4
332 38 89
321 32 55
10 2
498 71 173
60 9 37
105 0 47
373 84 129
42 14 8
64 15 16
228 13 93
204
209 28 70
549 46 171
42 13 16
17 0 12
0 0 0
158 8 59
169 ,26 17
63 4 27
219 25 79
10 0 12
8,208 984 2,633
21.4 2.6 6.9
Participative
Team
Management
230
1
0
144
111
857
65
171
23
164
243
5
16
551
490
142
153
140
160
47
68
272
440
268
124
216
4
55
12
33
226
25
361
352
13
682
79
126
497
43
59
249
17
238
609
52
26
0
182
163
71
302
3 '
9,580
24.9
Employee Recommendation
Formal
Informal Program
71
7
1
45
62
312
39
77
11
95
87
0
3
306
208
65
54
64
44
16
37
109
184
129
57
93
4
26
12
34
116
6
140
178
2
339
45
78
238
15
29
79
8
147
275
37
5
9
65
68
26
150
13
4,320
11.2
74
0
0
14
34
140
20
44
8
28
42
0
9
129
128
26
54
28
79
10
15
52
96"
53
19
81
0
26
0
11
37
2
116
68
4
119
27
36
120
13
17
27
3
42
158
8
8
0
17
47
9
61
13
2,172
5.7
122
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Wastes
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Honda
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Percent of Total
State
Program
1
0
0
0
0
IS
4
1
1
8
11
0
0
8
6
7
1
4
1
0
5
, 14
2
30
4
0
0
0
2
1
10
0
3
15
0
9
2
5
7
1
3
5
1
13
16
0
0
0
10
16
0
5
0
250
0.7
Federal
Program
3
0
0
2
0
2
1
2
0
3
4
0
0
0
10
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
8
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
6
1
0
2
0
3
14
0
0
1
0
5
5
0
0
0
3
5
0
2
0
90
0.2
Trade/
Industry
Program
35
1
0
16
17
144
2
17
2
19
47
0
6
87
84
19
7
14
19
3
12
29
61
. 25
16
14
0,
9
1
1
46
2
59
128
0
60
7
38
71
2
6
15
9
64
38
5
2
0
34
41
5
51
1
1,391
3.6
Vendor
Assistance
109
1
0
41
83
335
24
72
6
70
130
0
5
249
322
112
64
62
42
31
41
90
294
149
81
90
2
47
3
22
79
8
243
338
12
308
40
44
242
21
34
97
10
148
233
24
17
0
104
83
47
189
13
4,911
12.8
Other
54
1
0
18
58
376
23
36
7
52
122
16
6
275
248
36
62
67
62
16
29
124
201
58
48
115
3
17
5
16
140
5
159
107
2
262
35
27
161
34
23
35
7
100
321
37
0
0
94
59
21
82
13
3,875
10.1
Number
of Forms
860
19
1
431
530
3517
267
619
82
661
1048
48
58
2155
2026
585
526
563
656
167
261
986
1821
1041
508
902
14
244
51
162
922
76
, 1546
1595
36
2523
341
509
1936
193
266
842
61
1064
2421
234
87
9
734
694
273
1165
78
38,414
100.0
Percent of
Total
Forms
2.2
0.0
0.0
1.1
1.4
9.2
0.7
1.6
0.2
1.7
2.7
0.1
0.2
5.6
5.3
1.5
1.4
1.5
1.7
0.4
0.7
2.6
4.7
2.7
1.3
2.3
0.0
6.6
. 0.1
0.4
2.4
0.2
4.0
4.2
0.1
6.6
0.9
1.3
5.0
0.5
0.7
2.2
0.2
2.8
6.3
0.6
0.2
0.0
1.9
1.8
0.7
3.0
0.2
100.0
123
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Wastes
~
Table 2-13. Number of Forms Reporting Source Reduction, by Source Reduction Category, by Industry, 1991.
SIC
Code
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Industry
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay
Primary Metals
Fabr. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transportation
Measure./Photo.
Miscellaneous
Multiple codes 20-39
No codes 20-39
Total
facilities Reporting Source
Reduction Activities
Number
of TRI
Facilities
2,021
23
448
42
728
537
, 619
385
4,262
426
1,832
153
659
1,858
3,153
1,091
1,635
1,256
438
387
1,545
221
23,719
Number
420
7
147
12
234
226
277
180
1741
154
730
64
194
496,
1084
397
772
545
224
155
706
56
8,821
Percent of All
Facilities
in the Industry
20.8
30.4
32.8
28.6
32.1
42.1
44.7
46.8
40.8
36.2
39.8
41.8
29.4
26.7
34.4
36.4
47.2
43.4
51.1
40.1
45.7
25.3
37.2
Number
of TRI
Forms
3,742
47
985
78
1,946
1,722
2,498
796
23,093
3,344
4,470
382
1,665
6,796
8,995
3,012
4,938
4,928
1,141
981
5,946
788
82,293
Forms Reporting Source
Reduction Activities
Number
597
9
256
22
532
674
577
286
6163
789
1278
125
453
. 1308
2067
703
1561
1437
432
305
1692
115
21,381
Percent of
All Forms
from the Industry
16.0
19.1
26.0
28.2
27.3
39.1
23.1
35.9
26.7
23.6
28.6
32.7
27.2
19.2
23.0
23.3
31.6
29.2
37.9
31.1
28.5
14.6
26.0
124
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Wastes
Industry
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay
Primary Metals
Fabr. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transportation
Measure./Photo.
Miscellaneous
Multiple codes 20-39
No codes 20-39
Total
Category of Source Reduction Activity (number of forms reporting)
Good
Operating
Practices
357
5
72
5
320
163
232
86
3227
312
475
35
196
587
962
306
708
680
238
158
796
46
9,966
Inventory
Control
36
0
26
2
68
218
40
10
963
65
141
6
55
66
206
55
156
171
51
59
194
22
2,610
Spill
and Leak
Prevention
340
1
74
7
158
98
' 48
25
2480
479
230
10
340
398
338
67
265
175
' 65
22
419
32
6,071
Raw
Material
Modifi-
cations
25
1
89
5
78
131
227
136
1141
99
410
61
90
193
344
138
209
259
67
56
305
30
4,094
Process
Modifi-
cations
198
6
88
8
186
137
204
52
2781
374
,407
29
' 108
626
696
172
704
401
111
95
618
29
8,030
' Cleaning
and
Dcgreasing
38
0
21
3
24
48
36
57
430
17
203
22
12
133
536
197
403
334
154
68
322
35
3,093
Surface
Preparation
and
Finishing
6
0
17
5
166
551
14
16
28
0
'171
61
9
68
358
136
89
319
25
72
176
24
2,311
Product
Modifi-
cations
18
0
24
0
29
61
61
12
719
43
131
8
35
53
93
55:
101
138
49
33
122
13
1,798
125
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Wastes
RUHR 1
Table 2-14. Methods Used to Identify Source Reduction Activity, by Industry, 1991.
SIC
Code
20
21
22
23
24
25
26,
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Industry
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
' Leather
Stone/Clay
Primary Metals
Fabr. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transportation
Mcasure./Photo.
Miscellaneous
Multiple codes 20-39
No codes 20-39
Total
Percent of Total
Pollution Prevention
Opportunity Audit
Internal
235
9
79
9
183
181
199
102
2,388
345
469
45
161
'523
750
282
665
629
158
107
638
51
8,208
21.4
External
25
" 2
4
2
11
35
17
9
312
48
68
7
11
80
106
45
52
55
11
16
59
9
984
2.6
Materials
Balance
Audit
87
4
27
1
18
53
37
37 .
816
37
153
19
30
169
282
79
185
183
57
47
295
17
2,633
6.8
Participative
Team
Management
'245
1
123
13
221
235
251
81
3,176
219
519
67
146
504
835
285
768
715
226
115
775
60
9,580
24.9
Employee Recommendation
Formal
Informal Program
92
1
39
2
107
154
110
42
1,536
105
244
20
47
216
411
153
310
207
74
68
356
26
4,320
11.2
36
0
22
0
22
35
51
37
752
67
100
5
64
86
188
82
171
189
50
24
176
15
2,172
5.6
126
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
Industry
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay
Primary Metals
Fabr. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transportation
Measure./Photo.
Miscellaneous
Multiple codes 20-39
No codes 20-39
Total
Percent of Total
State
Program
6
0
1
0
23
9
1
4
41
12
9
1
0
28
43
14
17
8
8
2
23
0
250
0.6
Federal
Program
2
0
2
0
12
0
1
4
15
0
8
1 ,
0
3
21
1
0
8
2
0
9
1
90
0.2
Trade/
Industry
Program
46 '
0
20
1
66
165
42
12
257
29
132
19
19
91
163
43
71
92
11
20
88
4
1,391
3.7
Vendor
Assistance
165
1
110
10
197
437
141
115
623
61
430
63
64
285
642
247
345
384
85
114
361
31
4,911
12.8
Other
57
0
35
1
71
82
136
38
1,210
232
211
21
172
328
312
89
238
205
79
46
297
15
3,875
10.1
Number
of Forms
996
18
462
39
931
1,386
986
481
11,126
1,155
2,343
268
714
2,313
3,753
1,320
2,822
2,675
761
559
3,077
229
38,414
100.0
Percent of
Total
Forms
2.6
0.0
1.2
0.1
2.4
3.6
2.6
1.3
29.0
3.0
6.1
0.7
1.9
6.0
9.8
, 3.4
7.3
7.0
2.0
1.5
8.0
0.6
100.0
127
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
Table 2-15. Number of Forms Reporting Source Reduction, by Source Reduction Category, for the Top 50 TRI
Chemicals by Number of Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activities, 1991.
CAS
Number
71-55-6
108-88-3
1330-20-7
67-64-1
78-93-3
7664-93-9
7664-41-7
67-56-1
76-13-1
7647-01-0
75-09-2
, 7664-38-2
108-10-1
71-36-3
100-42-5
7697-37-2
7440-50-8
107-21-1
100-41-4
79-01-6
7782-50-5
127-18-4
7440-02-0
7440-47-3
7439-92-1
50-00-0
95-63-6
71-43-2
108-95-2
91-20-3
7664-39-3
75-69-4
101-68-8
75-71-8
7439-96-5
110-82-7
7440-66-6
111-42-2
117-81-7
115-07-1
Chemical
1, 1 ,1-Trichloroethane
Toluene
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Acetone
Methyl ethyl ketone
Sulfuric acid
Ammonia
Methanol
Glycol ethers
Freon 113
Hydrochloric acid
Dichloromethane
Zinc compounds
Phosphoric acid
Methyl isobutyl ketone
n-Butyl alcohol
Chromium compounds
Styrene
Nitric acid
Copper
Lead compounds
Ethylene glycol
Ethylbenzene
Trichloroethylene
Copper compounds
Chlorine
Barium compounds
Tetrachloroethylene
Nickel
Chromium
Lead
Formaldehyde
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Nickel compounds
Benzene
Phenol
Naphthalene
Hydrogen fluoride
Manganese compounds
Trichlorpfluoromethane (CFC-1 1)
Methylenebis(phenylisocyanate)
Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12)
Manganese
Antimony compounds
Cyclohexane
Zinc (fume or dust)
Cyanide compounds
Diethanolamine
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
Propylene
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Number
ofTRI
Forms
3,563
3,794
3,440
i 2,634
2,499
,5,600
3,219
2,478
! 2,037
1 1,061
3,290
1,258
2,281
2,640
1,015
1,144
1,454
1,381
1,848
2,237
! 912
! 1,346
833
697
1,392
1,614
987
558
1,453
1,413
827
804
536
765
i 480
655
448
. , 518
880
297
710
372
1,109
463
348
472
271
353
332
335
[ 71,053
i
82,293
Forms Reporting
Source Reduction Activities
Number
1,590
1,475
1,274
961
958
911
689
640
607
591
560
517
497
414
382
379
377
373
340
320
307
299
299
290
257
249
243
210
204
201
173
172
171
160
155
147
136
126
122
116
110
108
104
100
99
84
79
75
73
70
18,794
21,381
Percent of All Forms
for the Chemical
44.6
38.9
37.0
36.5
38.3
16.3
21.4
25.8
29.8
55.7
17.0
41.1
21.8
15.7
37.6
33.1
25.9
27.0
18.4
14.3
33.7
22.2
35.9
41.6
18.5
15.4
24.6
37.6
14.0
14.2
20.9
21.4
31.9
20.9
32.3
22.4
30.4
24.3
13.9
39.1
15.5
29.0
9.4
21.6
28.4
17.8
29.2
21.2
22.0
20.9
26.5
26.0
128
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Wastes
*
Chemical
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Toluene
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Acetone
Methyl ethyl ketone
Sulfuric acid
Ammonia
Methanol
Glycol ethers
Freon 113
Hydrochloric acid
Dichloromethane
Zinc compounds
Phosphoric acid
Methyl isobutyl ketone
n-Butyl alcohol
Chromium compounds
Styrene
Nitric acid
Copper
Lead compounds
Ethylene glycol
Ethylbenzene
Trichloroethylene
Copper compounds
Chlorine
Barium compounds
Tetrachloroethylene
Nickel
Chromium
Lead
Formaldehyde
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Nickel compounds
Benzene
Phenol
Naphthalene
Hydrogen fluoride
Manganese compounds
Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11)
Methylenebis(phenylisocyanate)
Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12)
Manganese
Antimony compounds
Cyclohexane
Zinc (fume or dust)
Cyanide compounds
Diethanolamine
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
Propylene
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Category of Source Reduction Activity (number of forms reporting)
Good
Operating
Practices
678
620
542
428
433
467
348
281
274
289
271'
202
266
212
189
181
155
137
165
214
145
152
148
132
163
72
118
117
108
108
77
70
81
84
47
72
59
61
77
40
61
40
68
58
38
51
26
34
26
23
8,708
9,966
Inventory
Control
106
243
212
152
184
86
31
95
123
39
57
31
77
67
64
85
39
68
54
35
35
43
46
18
27
10
37
17
29
25
6
16
24
10
5
22
10
17
6
7
15
2
21
12
10
9
10
8
3
2
2,350
2,610
Spill
and Leak
Prevention
192
328
299
210
187
289
303
203
114
91
200
109
132
161
101
97
90
132
102
59
62
104
144
44
103
54
58
61
43
22
29
60
78
43
121
55
88
32
34
28
25
45
18
26
62
30
20
26
12
44
4,970
6,071
Raw
Material
Modifi-
cations
304
420
297
197
265
95
64
138
179
115
44
138
81
41
90
75
105
76
31
32
107
63
60
16
. 26
57
68
25
28
28
49
43
37
20
10
25
21
11
16
39
13
21
17
13
9
20
16
12
34
1
3,692 ,
4,094
Process
Modifi-
cations
302
463
415
275
267
416
328
244
201
152
247
153
215
146
141
147
169
153
162
150
135
101
140
71
141
141
89
45
100
83
64
75
73
95
98
74
54
72
58
34
42
49
38
47
46
37
44
29
19
30
6,870
8,030
Cleaning
and
Degreasing
812
157
110
231
134
95
17
54
46
365
64
152
30
42
42
25
27
28
43
22
5
10
24
168
1.4
8
7
88
22
22
7
8
11
20
1
6
5
12
2
3
6
0
4
4
4
6
13
1
0
0
2,977
3,093
Surface
Preparation
and
Finishing
119
401
481
129
296
16
6
108
100
22
15
22
16
11
125
136
27
43
13
7
11
5
24
6
6
3
18
4
4
11
5
3
12
5
0
2
7
2
3
8
7
0
4
0
1
3
2
0
1
0
2,250
2,311
Product
Modifi-
cations
138
173
138
84
106
; 31
23
54
73
38
16
51
47
22
53
25
42
43
6
30
48
25
22
9
12
7
28
7
16
18
31
17
12
14
4
7
6
3
8
15
12
13
12
11
6
7
2
13
11
0
1489
1,798
129
-------
, , Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Wastes
FBUM : T
Table 2-16. Methods Used to Identify Source Reduction Activities for the Top 50 Chemicals by Number of
Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activities, 1991.
CAS
Number Chemical
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
108-88-3 Toluene
1330-20-7 Xylcne (mixed isomers)
67-64-1 Acetone
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
7664-93-9 Sul&ricacid
7664-41-7 Ammonia
67-56-1 Methanol
Glycol ethers
76-13-1 FreonllS
7647-01-0 Hydrochloric acid
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
Zinc compounds
7664-38-2 Phosphoric acid
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
71-36-3 n-Bntyl alcohol
Chromium compounds
100-42-5 Styrene
7697-37-2 Nitric acid
7440-50-8 Copper
Lead compounds
107-21-1 Ethylene glycol
100-41-4 Ethylbenzene
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Copper compounds
7782-50-5 Chlorine
Barium compounds
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
7440-02-0 Nickel
7440-47-3 Chromium
7439-92-1 Lead
50-00-0 Formaldehyde
95-63-6 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Nickel compounds
71-43-2 Benzene
108-95-2 Phenol
91-20-3 Naphthalene
7664-39-3 Hydrogen fluoride
Manganese compounds
75-69-4 Trichlorofluoro-
methane(CFC-ll)
101-68-8 Methylenebis(phenyl-
isocyanate)
75-71-8 Dichlorodifluoromethane
(CFC-12)
7439-96-5 Manganese
Antimony compounds
110-82-7 Cyclohexane
7440-66-6 Zinc (fume or dust)
Cyanide compounds
111-42-2 Diethanolamine
117-81-7 Di-(2-ethylhexyl)
phtlialate
115-07-1 Propylene
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Number of
Forms Reporting Pollution Prevention
Source Reduction Opportunity Audit
Activities Internal External
1,590 680 87
1,475 512 76
1,274 494 60
961 362 47
958 ' 350 45
911 331 30
689 249 25
640 226 14
607 206 19
' 591 278 22
560 209 23
517 194 20
497 200 25
414 123 13 '
382 i49 19
379 133 19
377 156 20
373 134 23
340 121 9
320 117 25
307 120 16
299 118 8
299 128 20
290 120 9
257 114 9
249 100 10
243
210
204
201
173
172
171
160
155
147
136
126
122
116
110
108
104
100
99
84
79
75
73
70
89 9
93 14
61 9
56 4
63' 15
73 7
66 8
77 4
71 16
61 10
57 10
44 3
57 3
29 1
35 5
40 11
33 6
39 1
44 6
33 6
32 6
25 1
25 3
27 5
18,794 7,154 856
21,381 8,208 984
Materials
Balance
Audit
197
178
142
118
131
94
89
86
73
85
77
82
57
63
53 .
47
38
41
44
56
32
38
23
37
22
18
34
23
35
37
22
21
11
22
14
22
6
20
10
17
9
16
21
21
7
10
9
7
9
3
2,327
2,633
Participative
Team
Management
690
650
550
423
456
418
285
270
293
316
237
214
229
192
183
169
163
138
175
145
150
134
130
120
113
91
116
96
93
90
73
76
71
76
37
69
45
57
51
41
58
40
41
53 '
33
38
35
34
32
21
8,310
9,580
Employee
Recommendation
Informal
306
289
276
183
206
218
151
146
122
111
141
96
111
75
76
91
70
63
75
53
68
55
65
68
72
41
55
39
43
'40
33
42
33
42
19
18
28
27
26
19
21
17
17
28
13
16
10
10
16
6
3,846
4,320
Formal
Program
212
143
111
97
98
76
63 .
71
63
82
53
50
55
32
45
51
29
34
30
40
36
28
44
28
20
21
27
19
19
18
14
18
18
11
14
14
10
15
11
7
6
9
6
16
13
4
6
4
8
5
1,904
2,172
130
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Wastes
Chemical
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Toluene
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Acetone'
Methyl ethyl ketone
Sulfuric acid
Ammonia
Methanol
Gly col ethers
Freon 113
Hydrochloric acid
Dichloromethane
Zinc compounds
Phosphoric acid
Methyl isobutyl ketone
n-Butyl alcohol
Chromium compounds
Styrene
Nitric acid
Copper
Lead compounds
Ethylene glycol
Ethylbenzene
Trichloroethylene
Copper compounds
Chlorine
Barium compounds
Tetrachloroethylene
Nickel
Chromium
Lead
Formaldehyde
1 ,2,4-Trimethy Ibenzene
Nickel compounds
Benzene
Phenol
Naphthalene
Hydrogen fluoride
Manganese compounds
Trichlorofluoro-
methane(CFC-ll)
Methylenebis(phenyl-
isocyanate)
Dichlorodifluoromethane
(CFC-12)
Manganese
Antimony compounds
Cyclohexane
Zinc (fume or dust)
Cyanide compounds
Diethanolamine
Di-(2-ethylhexyl)
phthalate
Propylene
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
State
Program
21
23
20
17
11
3
4
2
4
7
5
6
3
3
11
5
6
5
2
6
5
1
3
6
7
1
1
2
1
1
3
1
6
4
3
2
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
1
2
4
1
1
0
0
223
250
Federal
Program
13
8
4
4
5
2 '
1
2
3
2
2
4
1
4
3
2
3
6
2
0
0
0
0
1
4
0
0 "
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
81
90
Trade/
Industry
Program
111
110
98
97
81
39
42
53
38
31
,23
26
22
21
35
42
31
53
15
25
13
12
11
11
22
16
5
21
14
14
18
6
16
7
7
6
5
3
3
16
7
6
8
2
4
8
4
5
7
2
1,272
1,391
Vendor
Assistance
443
466
454
273
299
168
113
152
. 167
140
82
117
81
95
107
109
94
114
71
60
64 '
48
48
76
55
52
40
49
41
38
26
29
23
36
17
23
18
20
17
55
45
20
25
14
10
23
19
11
18
9
4,574
4,911
Other
197
271
222
148
145
162
117
118
111
88
108
104
87
63
68
61
75
86
47
58
74
52
73
51
26
52
56
37
33
35
50
27
41
29
57
33
41
35
18
20
15
30
20
11
25
11
17
14
8
28
3,355
3,875
Number
of Forms
2,957
2,726
2,431
1,769
1,827
1,541
1,139
1,140
1,099
1,162
960
913
871
684
749
729
685
697
591
585.
578
494
545
527
464 <
402'
432
394
349
334
317
300
294
308
256
258
220
224
196 i
206
201
189
179
186
157
153
140
112
126
106
33,902
38,414
Percent
of
Total
Forms
7.7
7.1
6.3
4.6
4.8
4.0
3.0
' 3.0
2.9
3.0
2.5
2.4
2.3
1.8
1.9
1.9
1.8
1.8
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.2
1.0
1.1
1.0
0.9
0.9
0.8,
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
- 0.5
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
88.3
100.0
131
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
-
ASSESSMENT OF PROGRESS IN SOURCE REDUCTION
i
The reporting of source reduction activities and the methods used to identify those activities
yield an indication of what is being done to;prevent the generation of pollution at the source. Quan-
tifying progress in reducing wastes is a complex question that cannot be answered by simply com-
paring quantities over time. Many factors affect the quantity of toxic chemicals in wastes. One such
factor is changes in production or activity ajt a facility. For this reason, the Pollution Prevention Act
requires facilities to provide on Form R a production ratio or activity index as an indicator of
whether production or activity involving the reported toxic chemical has increased, decreased, or
remained steady from the prior year to the reporting year. For the 1991 reporting year, the ratio is
calculated by dividing the production or activity involving the reported toxic chemical in 1991 by
the production or activity involving the reported toxic chemical in 1990. A ratio that is less than 1.0
indicates that production or activity is down in 1991 as compared to 1990. A ratio of 1.0 indicates
that production or activity has remained steady. A ratio greater than 1.0 indicates that production or
activity has increased. Table 2-17 shows thje distribution of the ratios reported for 1991.
i
I
CALCULATING AN INDICATOR OF CHANGES
IN QUANTITIES OF Toxic CHEMICALS IN WASTES
Because of the complexity of quantifying progress in reducing toxic chemicals in wastes at
the source, there is not any one clear metho^ for measuring progress. Comparing changes in quan-
tities of toxic chemicals in wastes when source reduction has been implemented is one, but this does
not take production into account. There is a|lso a method for using the new information reported
under TRI to assess changes in the quantitiejs of toxic chemicals in wastes relative to changes in
production or activity at a facility. This method has an implicit assumption that there is a direct
relationship between the level of production; or activity at a facility and the amount of toxic chemi-
cals in wastes, including releases, generated; by that production or activity. Thus, if production
increases, wastes are assumed to increase by a direct proportion. Similarly, if production decreases,
wastes are assumed to decrease proportionally. This assumption may hold for some, but not all,
processes or facilities. There may be many instances where processes do not have a directly pro-
portional relationship between the level of activity and wastes generated.
A thorough and accurate assessment of source reduction progress would require more
detailed information than is currently included in Form R. Nonetheless, the data collected under
TRI can be used to provide an indication of whether toxic chemicals in wastes are increasing or
decreasing. To perform the following analysis, those forms that have complete data for both 1990
and 1991 must be selected. Data for those years must be comparable, meaning that a facility has to
have reported quantities for the same activity, for example, on-site recycling, for both years. The
following method shows how the information reported on Form R can be used to assess changes in
the quantities of toxic chemicals in wastes relative to changes in production or activity.
132
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Wastes
Table 2-17. Distribution of Production Index
Index
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0 - 2.9
3.0-3.9
4.0-4.9
5.0-9.9
10.0-24.9
25.0-49.9
50.0-99.9
>100
Total
Zero or Blank
or NA for Index
Zero
Blank
NA
Total
Negative Number
for Index
Total
Number
of Forms
Reporting
Number
387
319
538
664
1,165
1,929
3,402
6,482
11,928
19,901
10,236
5,154
2,966
1,518
1,188
651
540
364
350
1,337
416
217
381
224
89
426
228
73,000
604
4,537
4,116
9,257
Percent
of Forms
Reporting
Percent
0.5
0.4
0.7
0.9
1.6
2.6
4.7
8.9
16.3
27.3
14.0
7.1
4.1
2.1
1.6
0.9
0.7
0.5
0.5
1.8
0.6
0.3
0.5
0.3
0.1
0.6
0.3
100.0
Cumulative
Percent
of Forms
Reporting
Percent
0.5
1.0
1.7
2.6
4.2
6.9
11.5
20.4
36.7
64.0
78.0
85.1
89.1
91.2
92.8
93.7
94.5
95.0
95.5
97.3
97.9
98.2
98.7
99.0
99.1
99.7
100.0
36
Production
Related
, Wastes
1991
Pounds
99,844,277
23,003,097
42,828,818
112,231,094
304,143,844
251,348,459
1,249,794,006
1,891,423,137
5,000,228,330
17,645,545,829
5,165,680,745
1,329,404,937
810,013,352
704,114,957
250,509,085
363,009,377
119,523,807
44,817,386
211,063,288 .
495,322,653
135,318,940
122,436,848
211,425,605
22,708,453
43,041,558
433,011,949
33,401,158
37,115,194,989
10,878,392
263,939,613
360,623349
635,441,554
Cumulative
Percent
of 1991
Waste
Percent
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.8
0.7
3.4
5.1
13.5
47.5
13.9
3.6
2.2
1.9
0.7
1.0
0.3
0.1
0.6
1.3
0.4
0.3
0.6
0.1
0.1
1.2
0.1
100.0
Percent
of 1991
Waste
Percent
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.7
1.6
2.2
5.6
10.7
24.2
71.7
85.6
89,2
91.4
93.3
94.0
95.0
95.3
95.4
96.0
97.3
97.7
98.0
98.6
98.6
98.7
99.9
100.0
3,861,218
133
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
m
1) Sum Sections 8.1 through 8.7 for the prior year (1990)
2) Sum Sections 8.1 through 8.7 for the current year (1991)
3) Multiply the sum for the prior year as calculated in step 1 by the production ratio or
activity index (which is reported in Section 8.9 of Form R). This yields a quantity that
would have been generated in the current year (call it the expected quantity).
4) Take the sum for the current ye;ar as calculated in step 2 and subtract from it the result
of step 3 (the expected quantity!) .
If the result of step 4 is a negative number, this means that the total quantity of the toxic
chemical in wastes the facility reported for the current year (1991) was less than that expected, given
the reported level of production or activity. This could be an indication that reduction of the toxic
chemical in wastes is occurring. If the result of step 4 is a positive number, this means that the
amount of toxic chemical in wastes the facility reported for the current year (1991) was greater than
that expected, given the reported level of production or activity. This could be an indication that
reduction of the toxic chemical in wastes is not occurring.
I
Because production may not be directly and linearly related to the quantity of chemical in
waste, analysis of progress should also include simple comparison of current and prior year data. A
decrease could be an indication of progress while an increase could indicate that progress is not
happening. An increase could also indicate [that source reduction in the form of chemical sub-
stitution has been implemented.
As this is the first year of PPA data, it is not yet clear how best to interpret the data that have
been submitted. Thus, this data release will provide some basic analyses to stimulate debate and
input from the public on how best to measure progress. The following examples illustrate how the
above method can be used to assess changes in the quantities of toxic chemicals in wastes relative to
changes in production or activity. These examples also show some situations that can arise when
performing these analyses. In all of the following examples, the facility has indicated that at least
one source reduction activity has been implemented for the reported toxic chemical.
CASE 1 Facility A reports on methanol'
i . .
Facility A reports the following: : -
Total quantity of toxic chemical (meftianol) in wastes, 1990 (pounds): 1,100,750
Total quantity of toxic chemical (methanol) in wastes, 1991 (pounds): 740,750
Production ratio: 1.00
i
The total quantity of methanol in wastes decreased by 33% between 1990 and 1991
([740,750 - 1,100,750]/1,100,750 = -0.33). jSince production is constant (i.e., the production ratio =
1.0), there is no difference between the quantity reported for 1990 and the quantity expected for
1991 (1,100,750 x 1 = 1,100,750). Thus, the relative (adjusted for production) and absolute changes
in the quantity of methanol in wastes are the same, a decrease of 360,000 pounds. Given the
assumption of a direct relationship between production and the generation of wastes which must
subsequently be managed, this situation indicates that reduction of the toxic chemical in wastes may
be occurring, as the quantity methanol in waste is decreasing while production remains constant.
134
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I Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Wastes |
CASE 2 Facility B reports on xylenes
Facility B reports the following:
Total quantity of toxic chemical (xylenes) in wastes, 1990 (pounds): 2,317,000
Total quantity of toxic chemical (xylenes) in wastes, 1991 (pounds): 2,269,700
Production ratio: 0.98
The total quantity of xylenes in wastes decreased between 1990 and 1991 by approximately
2% ([2,269,700 - 2,317,000]/2,317,000 = -0.02), and production fell by 2% (0.98 -1.00 = -0.02).
Adjusting for production, the quantity of xylenes in wastes expected for 1991 is 2,270,660 pounds
(2,317,000 x 0.98 = 2,270,660). The quantity reported for 1991 is 960 pounds less than what was
expected for 1991 (2,269,700 - 2,270,660 = -960). In this instance, adjusting for production shows a
slight decrease in the quantity of the toxic chemical in wastes from what could be expected. This
decrease relative to changes in production (960 pounds) is smaller than the absolute decrease
(47,300 pounds) in the amount of xylenes in wastes between the two years. Given the assumption of
a direct relationship between production activities and the generation of wastes, this indicates that
there could have been a small decrease in the amount of xylenes in waste generated per unit of
production.
CASE 3 Facility C reports on 1,3-butadiene .
Facility C reports the following:
Total quantity of toxic chemical (1,3-butadiene) in wastes, 1990 (pounds): 3,320,000
Total quantity of toxic chemical (1,3-butadiene) in wastes, 1991 (pounds): 2,701,000
Production ratio: 1.10
The total quantity of 1,3-butadiene in wastes between 1990 and 1991 decreased by 19%
([2,701,000 - 3,320,000]/3,320,000 = -0.19), while production increased by 10% (1.10 -1.00 =
0.10). Adjusting for production, the expected quantity of 1,3-butadiene in wastes for 1991 would be
3,652,000 pounds (3,320,000 x 1.10 = 3,652,000). The quantity reported for 1991 is 951,000
pounds (2,701,000 - 3,652,000 = 951,000) less than the quantity expected for that year. This
indicates a relative decrease in 1,3-butadiene in wastes even greater than the absolute decrease of
619,000 pounds, and indicates that there could have been a substantial decrease in the amount of
1,3-butadiene in wastes generated per unit of production.
CASE 4 Facility D reports on dichloromethane
Facility D reports the following:
Total quantity of toxic chemical (dichloromethane) in wastes, 1990 (pounds):
Total quantity of toxic chemical (dichloromethane) in wastes, 1991 (pounds):
Production ratio: 2.40
390,000
730,000
135
-------
O-,
1
i
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
The total quantity of dichloromethane in wastes between 1990 and 1991 increased by 87%
([730,000 - 390,000]/390,000 = 0.87), while production increased by 140% (2.40 -1.00 = 1.40).
Adjusting for production, the expected quantity of dichloromethane in wastes for 1991 would be
936,000 pounds (390,000 x 2.40 = 936,000). The quantity reported for 1991 is 206,000 pounds
(730,000 - 936,000 = -206,000) less than the quantity expected for that year. Given the assumption
of a direct relationship between production activities and the generation of wastes, this indicates a
decrease in dichloromethane in wastes relative to the large increase in production, and even though
there was an absolute increase in the amount of dichloromethane in wastes, there could have been a
substantial decrease in the amount of dichloromethane in wastes generated per unit of production.
CHANGES IN QUANTITIES OF Toxic CHEMICALS IN WASTES AT THE NATIONAL LEVEL
i
EPA performed a preliminary analysis of the data received for 1991 using the technique
outlined above. Of the 82,293 Form Rs submitted for 1991, 50,957 forms had sufficient informa-
tion for both 1990 and 1991 to perform an analysis of the changes of the quantity of toxic chemicals
in wastes for those two years. Of those 50,057 forms, 13,679 (approximately 27%, or 17% of the
total 82,293 forms submitted) indicated the!implementation of a source reduction activity. For this
subset of facilities that reported source reduction and provided sufficient information for both 1990
and 1991, the quantity of toxic chemicals in wastes reported on those forms decreased by 7%
between 1990 and 1991 in absolute terms (see Table 2-18). Adjusting for production changes
indicates a slightly greater decrease of almdst 10%.
As shown in Table 2-19, forms that did not indicate the implementation of source reduction
showed a slight increase in the total quantity of toxic chemicals entering wastes. This increase was
0.6% in absolute terms and 0.1% adjusted for production.
EPA has further analyzed this subset of the 1991 data further and has found that not all
facilities reporting a source reduction activity have indicated a decrease in the total quantity of toxic
chemicals in wastes. Some facilities that have reported the implementation of a source reduction
activity have also indicated an increase in the total quantity of toxic chemicals in wastes. In addi-
tion, many facilities that did not indicate the implementation of a source reduction activity on Form
R have indicated decreases in the total quantity of toxic chemicals in wastes. EPA is continuing to
analyze this data in order to more fully understand why increases and decreases in quantities in
quantities of toxic chemicals in wastes are occurring. EPA will also be further developing methods
for analyzing this new data and will be seeking public input on such analyses and what conclusions
can be drawn from them. i
136
-------
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
Table 2-18. Change in Quantities of Toxic Chemicals in Wastes from 1990 to 1991 for Facilities Reporting
Source Reduction Activities.(g)
Category
of Waste
Generated
Recycled On-site
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated On-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Releasedfb)
Total
Category
of Waste
Generated
Recycled On-site
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated On-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released(b)
Total
1990 Reported
Quantity
Pounds
4,288,934,120
531,795,145
802,755,967
154,851,112
2,503,434,947
191,688,210
1,251,761,547
9,725,221,048
Percent
of Total
44.1
5.5
8.3
1.6
25.7
2.0
12.9
100.0
Absolute Change
1991-1990
Quantity
Pounds
-146,083,465
-67,960,128
-7,176,371
-5,910,415
-247,649,509
-40,612,888
-174,299,532
-689,692,308
Percent
Change
-3.4
-12.8
-0.9
-3.8
-9.9
-21.2
-13.9
-7.1
1991 Reported
Quantity
Pounds
4,142,850,655
463,835,017
795,579,596
148,940,697
2,255,785,438
151,075,322
1,077,462,015
9,035,528,740
Percent
of Total
45.9
5.1
8.8
1.6
25.0
1.7
11.9
100.0
Amount Expected for 1991
Quantity
Pounds
4,221,103,018
530,172,516
860,121,878
166,264,791.
2,684,299,601
185,264,814
1,329,116,688
9,976,343,306
Percent
of Total
42.3
5.3
8.6
1.7
26.9
1.9
13.3
100.0
Relative Change
1991 Rep. -
Quantity
Pounds
-78,252,363
-66,337,499
-64,542,282
-17,324,094
-428,514,163
-34,189,492
-251,654,673
-940,814,566
1991 Exp.
Percent
Change
-1.8
-12.5
-8.0
-11.2
-17.1
-17.8
-20.1
-9.7
Table 2-19. Change in Quantities of Toxic Chemicals in Wastes from 1990 to 1991 for Facilities Not Reporting
Source Reduction Activities.(h)
Category
of Waste
Generated
Recycled On-site
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated On-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released(b)
Total
Category
of Waste
Generated
Recycled On-site
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated On-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released(b)
Total
1990 Reported
Quantity
Pounds
8,377,872,770
1,719,965,885
1,306,776,700
114,743,884
5,293,106,366
493,196,042
1,527,059,904
18,832,721,551
Percent
of Total
44.5
9.1
6.9
0.6
28.1
2.6
8.1
100.0
Absolute Change
1991-1990
Quantity
Pounds
27,111,413
-38,556,435
52,284,568
1,958,993
55,902,353
-18,650,153
30,853,392
110,904,131
Percent
Change
0.3
-2.2
4.0
1.7
1.1
-3.8
2.0
0.6
1991 Reported
Quantity Percent
Pounds of Total
8,404,984,183 44.4
1,681,409,450 8.9
1,359,061,268 7.2
116,702,877 0.6
5,349,008,719 28.2
474,545,889 2.5
1,557,913,296 8.2
18,943,625,682 100.0
Relative Change
1991 Rep. - 1991 Exp.
Quantity Percent
Pounds Change
158,051,309 1.9
-18,416,446 -1.1
-17,125,066 -1.3
-4,895,127 -4.2
-57,455,573 -l.l'
-6,398,610 -1.3
-27,313,873 -1.8
26,446,614 0.1
Amount Expected for 1991
Quantity
Pounds
8,246,932,874
1,699,825,896
1,376,186,334
121,598,004
5,406,464,292
480,944,499
1,585,227,169
18,917,179,068
Percent
of Total
43.6
9.0
, 7.3
0.6
28.6
2.5
8.4
100.0
.
137
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°A
,
-^ Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Wastes
mmm
Notes
(a) Submission of prior year (1990) data was optional in this first year of reporting. Data for 1992 and 1993 were
estimated projections by the facilities submitting Form Rs for the 1991 reporting year. They do not represent
reported totals for the 1992 or 1993 reporting years (Tables 2-1 and 2-2).
! I
(b) "Quantity Released" includes amounts released Ion-site and amounts sent off-site for disposal (Tables 2-1 through
2-5,2-9,2-18, and 2-19).
(c) "Total Production Related Wastes" refers to wastes associated with routine production processes and is the sum of
the amounts in the preceding seven columns (i.e., amounts recycled on- and off-site, used for energy recovery on-
and off-site, treated on-and off-site, and released) (Tables 2-3,2-4, and 2-5).
(d) "Non-Production Related Wastes" refers to the Quantity released to the environment as a result of remedial actions,
catastrophic events, or one-time events not associated with production processes (Tables 2-3,2-4, and 2-5).
(e) The trade secret claim for 900,000,000 pounds recycled on-site and 360,000 pounds treated on-site has been
withdrawn. The chemical has been identified ajs diethyl phthalate (Table 2-5).
i ; i
(f) Source Reduction Activity Codes (Table 2-10):
i
-
Good Operating Practices i
W13 Improved maintenance scheduling, recordkeeping, or procedures
W14 Changed production schedule to minimize equipment and feedstock changeovers
W19 Other changes in operating practices
Inventory Control [ ,
W21 Instituted procedures to ensure that materials do not stay in inventory beyond shelf-life
W22 Began to test outdated material -- continue to use if still effective
W23 Eliminated shelf-life requirements for stable materials
W24 Instituted better labelling procedures
W25 Instituted clearinghouse to exchange materials that would otherwise be discarded
W29 Other changes in inventory control
Spill and Leak Prevention
W31 Improved storage or stacking procedures
W32 Improved procedures for loading, unloading, and transfer operations
W33 Installed overflow alarms or automatic shut-off valves
W35 Installed vapor recovery systems
W36 Implemented inspection or monitoring program of potential spill or leak sources
W39 Other spill and leak prevention
Raw Material Modifications
W41 Increased purity of raw materials
W42 Substituted raw materials
W49 Other raw material modifications
Process Modifications
W51 Instituted recirculation within a process
W52 Modified equipment, layout, or piping
W53 Use of a different process catalyst
W54 Instituted better controls on operating bulk containers to minimize discarding of empty containers
W55 Changed from small volume containers to bulk containers to minimize discarding of empty containers
W58 Other process modifications j
i
i
138
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Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Wastes
Cleaning and Degreasing
W59 Modified stripping/cleaning equipment
W60 Changed to mechanical stripping/cleaning devices (from solvents or other materials)
W61 Changed to aqueous cleaners (from solvents or other materials)
W63 Modified containment procedures for cleaning units
W64 Improved draining procedures
W65 Redesigned parts racks 'to reduce dragout
W66 Modified pr installed rinse systems
W67 Improved rinse equipment design
W68 Improved rinse equipment operation
W71 Other cleaning and degreasing modifications
Surface Preparation and Finishing
W72 Modified spray systems or equipment
W73 Substituted coating materials used
W74 Improved application techniques
W75 Changed from spray to other system
W78 Other surface preparation and finishing modifications
Product Modifications
W81 Changed product specifications
W82 Modified design or composition
W83 Modified packaging
W89 Other product modifications
(g) 13,679 of the 50,957 Form Rs met these criteria (Table 2-18).
(h) 37,278 of the 50,957 Form Rs met these criteria (Table 2-19).
139
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Chapter 3
1988 to 1991
Comparison Year Data
On-site Releases
and Waste Management
Off-site
Waste Management
Air
Underground
Injection
Water
Land
"1 ^3 .1
POTWs*
Treatment
Disposal
Recycling
Energy
Recovery
Treatment
Recycling
Energy Recovery
* Publicly Owned Treatment Works
-------
-------
1988 -1991 TRI Releases/Transfers
1988 TO 1991 COMPARISON YEAR DATA
INTRODUCTION
Baseline Year
1991 marks the fifth reporting year for the TRI program. This section of the report sum-
marizes the TRI data for 1988 through 1991 to allow comparisons across years to help identify
changes and trends. Although 1987 was the first year for TRI reporting, 1988 has been chosen as the
baseline year because of concerns about the data quality of industry's submissions in the first year.
Chemical List Changes
Certain TRI reporting requirements have changed since the inception of the program. EPA
has the authority to add chemicals to the reporting list if they meet the statutory criteria for toxicity,
and to delete chemicals from the list if they are determined not to meet the toxicity criteria. Since
1987, in response to petitions, EPA has removed from the list seven individually listed chemicals
and three members of the copper compounds category that did not meet the toxicity criteria. Also in
response to a petition, EPA deleted non-fibrous aluminum oxide, but retained fibrous forms of
aluminum oxide on the list. EPA has added 16 chemicals to the list, nine of which were reportable
beginning with the 1990 reporting year, and seven of which were reportable beginning with the
1991 reporting year. More complete information about chemical list changes is included in
Chapter 1 and the Question and Answer section of the Appendix.
In order to control for changes to the chemical list over time, year-to-year comparisons
presented in this chapter are based on a consistent list of chemicals that have been reportable for all
years being compared. This use of a consistent set of chemicals ensures that any year-to-year
changes in release or transfer totals seen here cannot be attributed to changes in the list of reportable
chemicals. Because of this normalization process, release and transfer totals presented in the 1988-
1991 comparison section may differ slightly from totals seen in the 1990-1991 comparison section
and from the totals presented in Chapter 1 of this report.
Threshold Changes
Facilities are only required to report for a particular chemical if they meet the manufacturing,
processing or otherwise use thresholds for that chemical. The otherwise use threshold has remained
10,000 pounds since the inception of the program. However, the manufacturing and process thresh-
olds dropped from' 75,000 pounds for 1987, to 50,000 pounds for 1988, and again to 25,000 pounds
for 1989 and later. Declining thresholds until 1989 probably increased the number of facilities
143
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requked to report to TRI each year, as well as the number of forms filed. However, thresholds did
not change for the 1990 or 1991 reporting years, so threshold changes should not be a factor in
comparing 1991 data to 1990 or 1989 data. Threshold changes would be a factor to consider when
comparing 1991 data to 1988 data. 1
i
1988 TO 1991 DATA COMPARISONS
. [
i
This section compares summary release and transfer data for the 1988 through 1991 report-
ing years in order to highlight and help explain changes and possible trends.
Tables and text in this section include only those chemicals listed for all reporting years from
1988 through 1991; any chemicals added o|r deleted during that time are not included. This section
includes releases to all media, as well as transfers to POTWs and to other off-site locations for
treatment and disposal. Off-site transfers reported without waste management codes or with invalid
codes are included in a category called "other off-site transfers." Transfers for recycling and energy
recovery for 1991 are not included in this chapter, because they were first requked to be reported for
the 1991 reporting year.
1988 to 1991 Releases and Transfers
i
Since 1988, TRI reported releases have declined nearly 31%, from 4.85 billion pounds in
1988 to 3.35 billion pounds in 1991. Reported transfers have declined 33.5%, from 1.6 billion
pounds in 1988 to 1.06 billion pounds in 1991.
Table 3-1. Comparison of TRI Releases and Transfers, 1988-1991.
Total Facilities
Total Forms
Total Air Emissions
Fugitive Air
Point source Air
Surface Water Discharges
Underground Injection
On-site Land Releases
Total Releases
Transfers to POTWs
Transfers to Treatment
Transfers to Disposal
Other Off-site Transfers(a)
Total Transfers
Total Releases and Transfers
1988
Number
22,189
77,515
Pounds
2,666,109,198
823,738,542
1,842,370,656
311,070,591
1,343,633,468
527,546,722
4,848,359,979
574,045,380
489,219,375
485,346,782
53^45,448
1,602,156,985
6,450,516,964
1989
Number
24,074
85,927
Pounds
2,562,194,620
793,597,781
1,768,596,839
188,025,233
1,175,583,836
455,029,001
4,380,832,690
558,575,158
464,928,284
397,6910,166
27,737,608
1,448,931,216
5,829,763,906
88-89
Percent
Change
Percent
8.5
10.9
Percent
-3.9
-3.7
-4.0
-39.6
-12.5
-13.7
-9.6
-2.7
-5.0
-18.1
-48.2
-9.6
-9.6
1990
Number
24,332
85,180
Pounds
2,282,703,155
706,748^07
1,575,954,848
196,832,760
745,413,562
462,679,392
3,687,628,869
466,123,084
373,479,495
431,994,463
36,977,876
1,308,574,918
4,996,203,787
89-90
Percent
Change
Percent
1.1
-0.9
Percent
-10.9
-10.9
-10.9
4.7
-36.6
1.7
-15.8
-16.6
-19.7
8.6
33.3
-9.7
-14.3
1991
Number
23,608
81,157
Pounds
1,979345,978
609,765,664
1,369,580,314
243,497,317
710,248,004
421,160,113
3,354,251,412
410,596,887
350,400,454
294,391,066
9,522,463
1,064,910,870
4,419,162,282
90-91 88-91
Percent Percent
Change Change
Percent Percent
-3.0 6.4
-4.7 4.7
Percent Percent
-13.3 -25.8
-13.7 -26.0
-13.1 -25.7
23.7 -21.7
-4.7 -47.1
-9.0 -20.2
-9.0 -30.8
-11.9 -28.5
-6.2 -28.4
-31.9 -39.3
-18.6 -33.5
-11.5 -31.5
144
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1988 -1991 TRI RcIeasesyTransfers
3000
Millions of Pounds
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
1988
E1989
1990
131991
Surface
Water
Land
Underground POTWs
Injection
Treatment/
Disposal/
Other
Figure 3-1. TRI Releases and Transfers, 1988-1991.
Air emissions have declined about 26%, from 2.67 billion pounds in 1988 to 1.98 billion
pounds in 1991. Surface water discharges have declined nearly 22%, from 311 million pounds in
1988 to nearly 244 million pounds in 1991. Reported water releases decreased nearly 40% from
1988 to 1989, largely because facilities incorrectly reported mineral acid releases in the early years
of the TRI prograrri. Water releases have increased in each of the last two reporting years.
Reported underground injection of waste has decreased about 47%, from 1.34 billion pounds
in 1988 to 710 million pounds in 1991. Reported land releases have declined about 20%, from 528
million pounds in 1988 to 421 million pounds in 1991. Transfers to POTWs decreased from 574
million pounds in 1988 to 411 million pounds in 1991, a decrease of over 28%. Transfers to
145
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off-site locations for treatment also declined more than 28%, from 489 million pounds in 1988 to
350 million pounds in 1991. Transfers to disposal declined more than 39%, from 485 million
pounds in 1988 to 294 million pounds in 19J91.
The greatest total net change from one year to the next occurred between 1989 and 1990,
when reported releases decreased nearly 16% and reported transfers decreased nearly 10%. A
significant portion of the reported decrease for total releases, as well as for transfers to POTWs, is
attributable to a new reporting option for ammonium sulfate. Beginning with the 1990 reporting
year, facilities were given the option of reporting their releases and transfers of ammonium sulfate
either as ammonium sulfate or as ammonia. Sulfate accounts for 73%, by weight, of ammonium
sulfate. Thus, facilities that chose to report!ammonium sulfate as ammonia would have reported
releases and transfers of ammonia that were approximately one-quarter of their 1989 ammonium
sulfate numbers. EPA estimates roughly that, without this guidance change, total releases would
have declined about 7% between 1989 and 1990 instead of the 16% reported. Transfers to POTWs
would have increased about 1.6% instead of the 16.6% decrease reported. Reported air releases and
transfers for treatment and disposal probably were not significantly affected by this optional
reporting.
i
i
1988 to 1991 Number of Facilities and Forms
In general, the number of reporting facilities and the number of forms filed increased
initially and then declined somewhat. Below are the total numbers of reporting facilities and sub-
mitted forms for each reporting year 1988-1991 (including only those forms for chemicals which
were reportable in all years 1988-1991): '
Number of forms
Number of facilities
The number of facilities submitting at least one Form R increased between 1988 and 1989
and again from 1989 to 1990. However, between 1990 and 1991, the number of reporting facilities
declined for the first time. This decline is examined in the 1990-1991 data comparison section of
this chapter.
i
The total number of forms filed increased by more than 8,400 between 1988 and 1989; at
least some of this increase was due to the lowered manufacturing and processing thresholds.
Between 1989 and 1990, the total number of forms filed dropped slightly, even though the number
of reporting facilities increased. Between J990 and 1991, the total number of forms filed dropped
by more than 4,000; this decline is explored in the 1990-1991 data comparison section of this
chapter. ,
Between 1988 and 1989, the number of forms filed per chemical increased for most chemi-
cals; again, this would be expected since the manufacturing and processing thresholds dropped for
1989. Between 1989 and 1990, the number of forms filed per chemical increased for some chemi-
cals and decreased for others. Between 1990 and 1991, there was a noticeable drop in the number of
forms submitted per chemical (see 1990-1991 data comparison section).
146 |
1088
77,515
22J189
1989
85,927
24,074
1990
85,180
24,332
1991
81,157
23,608
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers
1990 to 1991 Data Comparisons
This section compares summary release and transfer data for the 1990 and 1991 reporting
years in order to highlight and help explain some of the reported changes. Because only two years
of data are examined here, any identified changes should not be considered to be indicative of
trends.
Tables and text in this section include only those chemicals listed for both reporting years
1990 and 1991. The nine chemicals added to the list for reporting year 1990 are included here, as is
aluminum oxide (fibrous forms). The seven CFCs and Halons added to the list for reporting year
1991 are not included here. All delisted chemicals are excluded from this analysis. (See Questions
and Answers in the Appendix for details about list changes.) This section includes releases to all
media, as well as off-site transfers to POTWs and to other off-site locations for treatment and dis-
posal. Off-site transfers reported without waste management codes or with invalid codes are
included in a category called "other off-site transfers." Transfers for recycling and energy recovery
for 1991 are not included in this chapter, because they were first required to be reported for the 1991
reporting year.
Table 3-2. Comparison of TRI Releases and Transfers, 1990 -1991.
Total Facilities
Total Forms
Total Air
Fugitive Air
Point Source Air
Surface Water Discharges
Underground Injection
Releases to Land
Total Releases
Transfers to POTWs
Transfers to Treatment
Transfers to Disposal
Other Off-site Transfers(b)
Total Transfers
Total Releases and Transfers
1990
Number
24,422
85,624
Pounds
2,285,710,798
707,617,279
1,578,093,519
196,854,583
745,450,747
463,469,501
3,691,485,629
466,981,947
374,890,789
442,441,330
37,319,629
1,321,633,695
5,013,119,324
1991
Number
23,680
81,545
Pounds
1,981,317,661
610,467,652
1,370,850,009
243,508,487
710,359,696
421,385,131
3,356,570,975
411,892,112
352,146,992
298,597,206
9,549,879
1,072,186,189
4,428,757,164
Change
hi Amount
Number
-742
-4,079
Pounds
-304,393,137
-97,149,627
-207,243,510
46,653,904
-35,091,051
-42,084,370
-334,914,654
-55,089,835
-22,743,797
-143,844,124
-27,769,750
-249,447,506
-584,362,160
Percent
Change
Percent
-3.0
-4.8
Percent
-13.3
-13.7
-13.1
23.7
-4.7
-9.1
-9.1
-11.8
-6.1
-32.5
-74.4
-18.9
-11.7
147
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1990 TO 1991 RELEASES AND TRANSFERS
Total TRI reported releases decline^ 9% from 1990 to 1991, from 3.69 billion pounds to
3.36 billion pounds. Total reported transfers declined nearly 19%, from 1.32 billion pounds in 1990
to 1.07 billion pounds in 1991. i
i
Releases
Air releases declined more than 13%, from 2.29 billion pounds in 1990 to 1.98 billion
pounds in 1991. Much of this decline was attributable to decreased emissions of a variety of sol-
vents, including toluene, acetone, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, methyl ethyl ketone, dichloromethane, and
xylene. Toluene alone accounted for more'than 43 million pounds of the decrease. Many of these
solvents have been targeted by EPA, stalest and industry for pollution prevention efforts, including
EPA's 33/50 program of voluntary industrial toxics reduction. Chlorine releases declined by more
than 27 million pounds; most of this decrestse appears to be due to reductions in chlorine emissions
from Magnesium Corporation of America in Rowley, UT. Ammonia emissions declined by more .
than 21 million pounds, primarily due to large reductions from several facilities. Emissions of
Freon 113, one of the ozone-depleting chemicals whose production is being phased out under Clean
Air Act requirements, declined by more than 11 million pounds. .
i
Surface water discharges increased jnearly 24%, from 197 million pounds in 1990 to nearly
244 million pounds in 1991, a net increase iof nearly 47 million pounds. This increase can be
attributed largely to increased runoff from phosphogypsum stacks at four fertilizer manufacturing
facilities in Louisiana. Releases of phosphoric and sulfuric acid from these facilities increased about
60 million pounds from 1990 to 1991, more than the total net increase for all surface water
Looking at individual facilities [reductions for two commonly used solvents,
toluene and methyl ethyl ketone, it appears that many facilities are reporting large
reductions in air emissions from 19|90 to 1991.
I
Of the top 25 emitters of toluene to air in 1990, 20 reported reductions. Among
these were five 3M facilities that reported reductions ranging from 23% to 56%.
Seven others reported reductions ranging from 10% to 23%. These 20 facilities'
reductions accounted for about 14.6 million pounds of decrease of toluene air emis-
sions, or about 34% of this chemical's net decrease to this environmental medium.
Of the top 25 emitters of methyl ethyl ketone to air in 1990,22 reported reduc-
tions. Among these were four 3M facilities that reported reductions ranging from
2.3% to 65%. Eleven others reported reductions ranging from 32% to 94%. These
22 facilities' reductions accounted for about 14 million pounds of decrease, or about
56% of the net decrease of methyl ethyl ketone emissions to air.
Box 3-1. Reductions in Air Emissions.
148
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1988 -1991 TRI Releases/Transfers
discharges. (Similar releases from some of these same facilities contributed to a net increase of
releases to surface water between 1989 and 1990, and to large net decreases from 1987-1988 and
1988-1989.) Eliminating these 1991 increases from the data, surface water discharges would have
declined by about 7% overall. (See discussion of 1991 TRI Top Increasers, below.)
Releases to land decreased 9%, from 463 million pounds in 1990 to 421 million pounds in
1991. Most of this reported reduction appears to be due to reduced releases of phosphoric acid and
several types of metal compounds, including copper, manganese, chromium, and barium com-
pounds. The decrease for copper compounds, about 13 million pounds, was not a real decrease, but
resulted from a change in reporting due to a change in SIC code determination by Copper Range in
White Pine, ML (Prior to 1991, this facility reported releases and transfers from all its operations.
For the 1991 reporting year, the facility determined, using EPA guidance, that it was primarily a
mining facility and therefore was not obligated to report under TRI.) Releases of copper increased
by about 4 million pounds, largely due to an increased release from Magma Copper of San Manuel,
AZ (see discussion of 1991 TRI Top Increasers, below).
Underground injection of waste declined by nearly 5%, from 745 million pounds in 1990 to
710 million pounds in 1991. This net decrease of 35 million pounds is the result of large increases
and decreases for specific chemicals from a few facilities. Ammonia releases decreased by 25 mi-
llion pounds, with four facilities accounting for 24.5 million pounds of decrease. For sulfuric acid,
there was a net decrease of 17.4 million pounds, with three facilities responsible for 24.5 million
pounds of decrease. However, on-site underground injection of hydrochloric acid increased by
32 million pounds, with five facilities having increases totalling about 50 million pounds.
Transfers
Transfers to POTWs decreased nearly 12%, from 467 million pounds in 1990 to 412 million
pounds in 1991. Ammonium sulfate accounts for about 20.5 million pounds of decrease; the
ammonia portion of this decrease is about 5.5 million pounds. Transfers of ammonia to POTWs
increased by almost 14 million pounds. Thus, it seems likely that the decrease in ammonium sulfate
is due in part to reporting the ammonia portion under the ammonia listing. This would indicate that
the changes are attributable to the optional reporting for ammonium sulfate, rather than a real reduc-
tion in transfers. Methanol, hydrochloric acid, and nitric acid together accounted for another 41
million pounds of decrease, while sulfuric acid increased almost 5 million pounds.
Transfers to treatment decreased more than 6%, from 375 million pounds in 1990 to 352
million pounds in 1991.
Transfers for disposal decreased more than 32%, from 442 million pounds in 1990 to 299
million pounds in 1991. Most of this decrease is attributable to decreased disposal of several metal
compounds, aluminum, and hydrochloric acid. One facility, Kennecott Utah Copper in Magna, UT,
accounted for more than 83 million pounds of decrease in transfers for disposal, and probably
accounts for most of the decrease in transfers for disposal of copper compounds, lead compounds,
arsenic compounds, and zinc compounds. This facility had a one-time transfer in 1990 of 81 million
149
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pounds of stockpiled flue dust; the facility's 1991 totals represent a decrease from this abnormally
high level caused by the one-time transfer. [Without this one facility's change, transfers off-site for
disposal would have decreased by about 18% instead of 32%.
Transfers of the "other" type decreased by about 28 million pounds from 1990 to 1991;
however, a valid comparison cannot be made between the two years for this category. EPA believes
that the "other" category for 1990 includes about 24 million pounds of transfers for recycling and
energy recovery that were incorrectly reported. EPA believes this because these transfers were
reported along with RCRA codes for recycling and energy recovery that were not included in the
Form R instructions and therefore were not!valid TRI codes for 1990 and prior years. For the 1991
reporting year, the "other" category should [contain few, if any, transfers for recycling and energy
recovery, since those now must be reported; under separate categories, and codes for them have been
provided in the Form R instructions. Because the "other" category appears to contain this incon-
sistency between years, the amounts included in it should not be considered comparable.
1990 to 1991 Number of Forms
i *
From 1990 to 1991, the total number of forms filed dropped by 4,079. There was also a
noticeable drop in the number of forms submitted per individual chemical. For example, of the 85
chemicals having more than 100 forms per [chemical submitted in 1991, 56 (67%) showed some
decrease in the number of forms from 199Q to 1991. However, some chemicals had a more signifi-
cant decline than others in the number of reports submitted from 1990 to 1991. Many of the com-
monly used solvents, such as toluene, l,l,l{-trichloroethane, dichloromethane, trichloroethylene,
tetrachloroethylene, and 1,2-dichloroethane;, had decreases in number of forms filed ranging from
8.6% to 16.4%. Freon 113 reports decreased by 21.4%. Submissions of 2-ethoxyethanol dropped
by 28.7%. The number of forms filed for some metals, such as lead, zinc (fume or dust), antimony,
barium, and aluminum (fume or dust), declined by 7.1% to 18.7%. The number of reports for
cadmium decreased by 37.1%, and those fo|r cyanide compounds decreased by 16.9%.
Some of the decreases may be due to less usage of the chemical, so that a report is no longer
required because thresholds are not met. Less usage could be due to either changes in production, or
to increased source reduction or recycling of the chemical. It is also possible that the chemical use
may have been phased out. Many facilities are reducing the use of solvents to meet Clean Air Act
requirements or pollution reduction goals, either triggered by industry or by state or federal agen-
cies. Some of the other reasons listed below for changes in number of facilities can also explain
why a single chemical report was submitted in one year, but not another.
1990 to 1991 Number of Facilities
The total number of reporting facilities declined by 742 between 1990 and 1991, repre-
senting a 3% net decrease. 2,995 facilities [that reported in 1990 did not report in 1991, while 2,277
facilities that reported in 1991 did not report in 1990. The difference between these two numbers,
718 facilities, is approximately equal to the! 742 facility net decrease apparent in the data. (The
slight difference between the two numbers is due to difficulties cross-referencing facilities between
the two reporting years.) j
150
-------
I 1988 1991 TRI Releases/Transfers |
EPA examined the number of forms filed by facilities that reported only in 1990 or only in
1991 to determine how much of the decline in number of forms filed in 1991 was due to the decline
in number of facilities reporting. 5,774 of the forms filed for 1990 were filed by facilities that
reported in 1990 but not 1991. 4,335 of the forms filed in 1991 came from facilities that reported in
1991 but not 1990. This net decline of 1,439 forms accounts for 36% of the total net decrease in
forms filed by all facilities in 1991.
Some facilities may not have reported in 1991 because they went out of business. Of the
2,995 facilities reporting in 1990 but not in 1991, EPA has identified at least 281 (9.4%) that have
since closed down. Others may not have reported because they did not exceed the thresholds for any
of the chemicals in 1991, no longer have ten full-time employees, have changed their business
activity to a non-covered SIC code, have filed late submissions, or are but of compliance for some
reason. After reporting, some facilities discover that they were not required to report because they
were not in a covered SIC code or they qualified for an exemption. If they do not withdraw their
previous submissions, or if EPA has not yet processed their withdrawals, they appear as part of the
net decrease in facilities, because they filed in the previous year, but not the current one.
EPA attempted to determine how much of the change in reported release and transfer
amounts between 1990 and 1991 was due to the decline in the number of facilities reporting. To do
this, EPA excluded the release and transfer amounts reported by facilities that filed for only one of
the two years, 1990 or 1991, but not both. The results of this analysis indicate that the decline in the
number of facilities reporting had little overall impact on the release and transfer totals. After
adjusting for the change in the universe of reporting facilities, the decrease in releases between 1990
and 1991 is about 8.5% instead of 9%, while the decrease in transfers is about 18% instead pf
18.9%.
151
-------
1991 TRI TOP DECREASERS IN TOTAL. RELEASES
Table 3-3 lists the 50 TRI facilities with the greatest decreases in total releases from 1990 to
1991, ranked by the magnitude of their decrease. Together, these facilities accounted for reductions
totalling 285 million pounds. EPA contacted some of these facilities to better understand how and
why the decreases occurred and whether th£y were due to production changes, pollution prevention
efforts, estimation method change, or reporting errors. Some of the reasons for change were found
or supplemented by other published information on the TRI and are referenced at the end of this
chapter.
Magnesium Corporation of America [ Rowley, UT
Releases of chlorine to air decreased from 88 to 61 million pounds due to the installation of
new chlorine reduction burners. The chlorine is a byproduct from the electrolytic reduction of
magnesium chloride to magnesium. Also, releases of hydrochloric acid to air decreased from 6.7 to
3.6 million pounds due to the installation of a neutralizer for this acid.
Inland Steel Co. East Chicago, IN
Releases of manganese compounds [to landfill decreased from 39 to 28 million pounds and
releases of zinc compounds to landfill decreased from 2.6 to 1.8 million pounds. The decrease was
partly due to increased selling of slag containing these compounds as a product and partly due to a
decrease in production.
Vulcan Chemical \ Wichita, KS
Underground injection of hydrochloric acid decreased from 45 to 35 million pounds. Some
of,the acid is now converted to commercial grade calcium chloride for road deicing and dust control
uses. |
Monsanto Co. Alvin, TX
Releases of ammqnia'to underground injection decreased from 58 to 49 million pounds due
to a source reduction activity, characterized as an operating process change at the facility.
152
-------
1988 - 1991 TRI Releases/Transfers
TexasGulf Inc. Aurora, NC
Releases of phosphoric acid to land from phosphate fertilizer production decreased from 24
to 14 million pounds. This was due in part to better estimates from improved monitoring capabili-
ties and in part to improved operating procedures within the plant that have resulted in lower con-
centrations of phosphoric acid in their wastewater.
Monsanto Co. Cantonment, FL
Releases of ammonium nitrate (solution) to underground injection decreased from 14 to 5.6
million pounds. Ammonium nitrate is produced by neutralizing nitric acid (a byproduct of nylon
production) with ammonia. 'The decrease is due to use of a different alkaline waste stream to neu-
tralize some of the nitric acid.
Star Enterprise Convent, LA
Releases of ammonia to underground injection decreased from 8.7 million to zero pounds.
This was due to the installation of a new sour water stripping unit at the petroleum refinery.
Ammonia vapors stripped from the sour water are then burned with oxygen to convert the ammonia
to nitrogen and water. The facility's underground injection wells have now been permanently
closed. . '
Weyerhaeuser Paper Co. Cosmopolis, WA
Releases of sulfuric acid to water decreased from 8.1 million to 0.5 million pounds. In 1990,
the state of Washington required a slightly acidic water discharge from the facility, a pulp mill, to
control a fecal coliform contamination in oyster beds.
3M Tape Mfg. CV& AP Plant Hutchinson, MN
Releases of toluene and methyl ethyl ketone to air decreased from 19.2 to 12.9 million
pounds. Increased amounts of these solvents, used to apply the magnetic layer to videotape, are now
recovered and reused.
153
-------
\M9 TRI Data Section
>Sj3«gp?r~ i
Table 3-3, Top 50 TRI Facilities with Greatest Decrease in
Facility
Vlagnesium Corp. of America
American Cyanamid Co.
Inland Steel Co.
Cyprus Miami Mining Corp.
Vulcan Chemicals
Vfonsanto Co.
Tcxasgulf Inc.
Monsanto Co.
Star Enterprise Inc.
Du Pont Victoria Site
Weyerhaeuser Paper Co.
Wheeling-Pittsburgh Steel Co.
USSFairless Works
Piney Point Phosphates Inc.
Union Camp Corp.
3MCo.
Triad Chemical
3MCo.
Holliston Mills Inc.
Angus Chemical Co.
CF Industries Inc.
BASF Corp.
BP Chemicals Inc.
Great Lakes Chemical Corp.
Bastman Kodak Co.
General Electric Co. Plastics
Courtaulds Fibers Inc.
Agricultural Minerals Corp.
Jersey Miniere Zinc
Bordcn Chemicals & Plastics
Shell Oil Co.
Hocchst Celanese
Reynolds Metals Co.
U.S. Vanadium Corp.
Unocal Corp.
3MCo.
Glenbrook Nickel Co.
3MCo.
Westinghouse Electric Corp.
Chcmctals Inc.
Union Carbide Chemicals
Hexcel Corp.
Amoco Oil Co.
Georgia-Pacific
Amoco Chemical Co. ,
Macon Kraft Inc.
Johnstown Corp.
Eagle Ottawa Leather Co.
FMC Corp.
O'Sullivan Corp.
Total
City State
Rowley
Westwego
East Chicago
Claypool
Wichita
Alvin
Aurora
Cantonment
Convent
Victoria
Cosmopolis
Follansbee
Fairless Hills
Palmetto
Savannah
Hutchinson
Donaldsonville
Brownwood
Church Hill
Sterlington
Donaldsonville
Lowland
PortLavaca
El Dorado
Kingsport
Mount Vemon
Axis
Verdigris
Clarksville
Geismar
Norco
Narrows
Muscle Shoals
Hot Springs
Kenai
Nevada
Riddle'
Knoxville
Hampton
New Johnsonville
Texas City
Casa Grande
Texas City
Woodland
Alvin
Macon
Johnstown
Grand Haven
Pocatello
Winchester
UT
LA
IN '
AZ
KS
TX
NC
FL
LA
TX
WA
WV
PA
FL
GA
MN
LA
TX
TN
LA
LA
TN
TX
AR
TN
IN
AL
OK
TN
LA
LA
VA
AL
AR
AK
MO
OR
IA
SC
TN
TX
AZ
TX
ME
TX
GA
PA
MI
ID
VA
i
Fugitive
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
-31,076
! -107,588
1,283,825
57,000
: 30,951
-68,210
14,810
-23,600
-2,762
0
-36,100
-1,949,260
-45,158
^3,681,000
77352
. 193,033
375
-1,583
; -21,873
-61,465
15,195
| -406,995
-57,836
12,585
589,943
-507,013
-41,900
-159
1,952
-114,102
i -219,331
-1,215,000
-280,360
-250
-7,494
-95,703
i -250
-109
i 14,170
-88,768
h2.310.197
327,032
-159,680
-133,352
1-1,943,556
10,100
0
-1,779
-1,337
-1,545,433
-i5,099,606
Releases from
1990 to 1991
(by Total Decrease).(c)
Net Change from 1990 to 1991
Stack
Point Air
Emisslons
Pounds
-30,101,100
-101,365
-62,030
1UOO
-104,857
-101,530
484,300
-739,148
-859
102,371
3,250
1,542,730
-38,802 -
86,091
-7,091,890
-6,914,573
-6,017,856
-5,307,520
-4,382,409
-240,511
-4,455,884
-2,613,000
-39,718
45,131
-1,104,762
-2,477,579
-3,000,000
-1,280,000
-43,607
-32,526
-219,501
-1,383,503
-2,301,968
301,400
-2,439,664
-2,374,440
-31,184
-2,313,169
-2,303,450
-89,933
70,190
-2,537,988
20,884
-1,938,400
-149,873
-2,046,740
0
-1,981,375
-509
-371,361
-96,066,937
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
0
42,597
-284,205
2,600
0
0
-16,450
-1,160
2,583
-2,507
-7,655,905
23,229
-497
324
199,520
0
-101,639
0
-199
-49,490
435,070
14,810
-370
-5
-2,204,405
-37,121
7,245
-23,222
-9,664
26,461
38,570
-163
2
-597,750
-20,440
0
-15
0
31
-336
0
0
56,205
-28,820
-3,362
-1,230
0
0
0
0
-10,189,717
Underground
Injection .
Pounds
0
-19,855,550
-4,406,600
0
-13,763,200
-10,384,690
0
-8,485,045
-8,740,905
-7,758,124
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-4,007,000
0
0
-3,467,111
-3,250,327
0
' 0
0
-1,522,000
0
-2,645,740
. -2,205,400
0
0
0
150 ,
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-1,229,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-91,720,542
Releases
to Land
Pounds
30
0
-12,139,595
-16,022,060
0
-25,400
-10,371,300
0
-468
-220,603
0
-7,237,280
-7,240,000
-3,346,000
0
0
0
-387
-234
0
0
-865,700
-14
-3,501
-363,646
0
29,250
250
-2,751,278
0
-1,672
1,137
0
-2,237,000
-22,905
-2,870
-2,406,000 "
0
0
-2,063,647
0
0
-880,198
0
2,010
0
-2,014,730
0
-1,932,591
0
-72,116,402
154
-------
1988 - 1991 TRI Releases/Transfers
FacUity
Magnesium Corp. of America
American Cyanamid Co.
Inland Steel Co.
Cyprus Miami Mining Corp.
Vulcan Chemicals
Monsanto Co.
Texasgulf Inc.
Monsanto Co.
Star Enterprise Inc.
Du Pont Victoria Site
Weyerhaeuser Paper Co.
Wheeling-Pittsburgh Steel Co.
USS Fairless Works
Piney Point Phosphates Inc.
Union Camp Corp.
3MCo.
Triad Chemical
3MCo.
Holliston Mills Inc.
Angus Chemical Co.
CF Industries Inc.
BASF Corp.
BP Chemicals Inc.
Great Lakes Chemical Corp.
Eastman Kodak Co.
General Electric Co. Plastics
Courtaulds Fibers Inc.
Agricultural Minerals Corp.
Jersey Miniere Zinc
Borden Chemicals & Plastics
Shell Oil Co.
Hoechst Celanese
Reynolds Metals Co.
U.S. Vanadium Corp.
Unocal Corp.
3MCo.
Glenbrook Nickel Co.
3MCo.
Westinghouse Electric Corp.
Chemetals Inc.
Union Carbide Chemicals
Hexcel Corp.
Amoco Oil Co.
Georgia-Pacific
Amoco Chemical Co.
Macon Kraft Inc.
Johnstown Corp.
Eagle Ottawa Leather Co.
FMC Corp.
O'Sullivan Corp.
Total
City State
Rowley
Westwego
East Chicago
Claypool
Wichita
Alvin
Aurora
Cantonment
Convent
Victoria
Cosmopolis
Follansbee
Fairless Hills
Palmetto
Savannah
Hutchinson
Donalds onville
Brownwood
Church Hill
Sterlington
Donaldsonville
Lowland
Port Lavaca
El Dorado
Kingsport
Mount Vemon
Axis
Verdigris
Clarksville
Geismar
Norco
Narrows
Muscle Shoals
Hot Springs
Kenai
Nevada
Riddle
Knoxville
Hampton
New Johnsonville
Texas City
Casa Grande
Texas City
Woodland
. Alvin
Macon
Johnstown
Grand Haven
Pocatello
Winchester
UT
LA
IN
AZ
KS
TX
NC
FL
LA
TX
WA
WV
PA
FL
GA
MN
LA
TX
TN
LA
LA
TN
TX
AR
TN
IN
AL
OK
TN
LA
LA
VA
AL
AR
AK
MO
OR
IA
SC
TN
TX
AZ
TX
ME
TX
GA
PA
MI
ID
VA
1990
Total
Releases
Pounds
95,049,351
162,030,982
50,682,660
19,712,060
59,386,409
64,823,729
25,730,100
18,488,405
8,910,554
35,097,213
8,533,955
10,325,464
7,927,782
7,773,300
10,659,854
20,106,008
11,777,898
7,145,945
4,404,715
6,498,879
11,430,589
25,061,005
32,617,374
7,637,872
43,497,650
7,986,937
45,933,030
7,067,729
3,026,541
5,791,347
3,859,415
11,614,226
5,412,623
4,552,100
13,945,248
2,916,190
2,437,449
4,230,530
7,488,110
2,242,684
7,011,225
3,048,411
11,265,919
2,107,522
4,040,289
3,070,070
2,014,730
2,164,629
2,383,965
4,054,664
924,975,336
1991
Total
Releases
Pounds
64,917,205
142,009,076
32,506,405
3,760,900
45,549,303
54,243,899
15,841,460
9,239,452
168,143
27,218,350
845,200
2,704,874
603,325
832,715
3,844,836
13,384,468
5,658,778
, 1,836,455
0
2,140,413
7,424,970
21,190,120
29,052,325
4,441,755
40,414,780
4,965,224
42,927,625
4,242,598
223,944
3,025,440
1,252,081
9,016,697
2,830,297
2,018,500
11,454,895
443,177
0
1,917,252
5,198,861
0
4,771,218
837,455
9,074,130
6,950
1,945,508
1,032,200
0
181,475
449,528
2,137,870
639,782,132
1990 to 1991
Changes hi
Total
Releases
Pounds
-30,132,146
-20,021,906
-18,176,255
-15,951,160
-13,837,106
-10,579,830
-9,888,640
-9,248,953
-8,742,411
-7,878,863
-7,688,755
-7,620,590
-7,324,457
-6,940,585
-6,815,018
-6,721,540
-6,119,120
-5,309,490
-4,404,715
-4,358,466
-4,005,619
-3,870,885
-3,565,049
-3,196',117
-3,082,870
-3,021,713 .
-3,005,405
-2,825,131
-2,802,597
-2,765,907
-2,607,334
-2,597,529
-2,582,326
-2,533,600
-2,490,353
-2,473,013
-2,437,449
-2,313,278
-2,289,249
-2,242,684
-2,240,007
-2,210,956
-2,191,789
-2,100,572
-2,094,781
-2,037,870
-2,014,730
-1,983,154
-1,934,437
-1,916,794
-285,193,204
155
-------
1991 TRI TOP INCREASERS IN TOTAL !RELEASES
Table 3-4 lists the top 50 TRI facilities with the greatest increases in total releases from 1990
to 1991, ranked by the magnitude of their increase. Together, these facilities .accounted for a total
increase of 222 million pounds. EPA contacted some of these facilities to better understand how
and why the increases occurred and whether they were due to production changes, estimation
method change, reporting errors, or other factors. A few of the reasons for change were found or
supplemented by other published informatipn on the TRI. These reports are referenced at the end of
this chapter. - . '
Agrico Chemical j Saint James, LA
Releases to the Mississippi River of sulfuric acid increased from 5.1 to 14.2 million pounds
and releases of phosphoric acid increased from 36.6 to 67.3 million pounds. The increases are due to
the inability of the facility to recycle all the! rainwater runoff from its gypsum storage piles, due to
intense rainfalls over short periods of time or sustained moderate rainfall. Gypsum is a byproduct
from the manufacturing of phosphoric acid]
i
Agrico Chemical Uncle Sam, LA
Releases to the Mississippi River of sulfuric acid increased from 5.3 to 14.7 million pounds
and of phosphoric acid increased from 29.9 to 33.5 million pounds due to increased stormwater
runoff from gypsum storage piles. ;
i
DuPont | Louisville,KY
Releases of hydrochloric acid to underground injection increased from 9,4 to 22 million
pounds. Due to seasonal fluctuations in market conditions, Du Pont was unable to sell all of its
byproduct hydrochloric acid, which is produced during the manufacture of Freon 22 and other
CFCs. After developing additional storage jfor the acid so it can be sold when the market is more
favorable, Du Pont was able to shut down iis Louisville Deepwell in September 1992.
BASF Corp. \ Geismar, LA
Releases of hydrochloric acid to underground injection increased from 0.5 to 12 million
pounds. Unfavorable market conditions prevented BASF from selling the hydrochloric acid as a
product in 1991. '
Magma Copper Co. , San Manuel, AZ
Releases to land of copper increased from 10.1 to 14.6 million pounds; zinc went from zero
to 4.7 million pounds; arsenic compounds went from zero to 1.7 million pounds; and lead went from
0.4 to 2.5 million pounds. These releases come from the copper smelting and refining process. The
increases are due to increased production and to better estimates from new analysis and performing a
mass balance within their process. Improved analysis of zinc compounds artd arsenic in 1991
showed that these chemicals slightly exceeded the de minimis concentration limit in process streams,
so their releases were reported in 1991. |
156
-------
1988 -1991 TRI Releases/Transfers
Du Pont Johnsonville Plant New Johnsonville, TN
Underground injection of hydrochloric acid increased from 41 to 52 million pounds. The
facility incorrectly reported their 1990 releases and has submitted a revision that will result in only a
0.2 million pounds increase in total reported releases.
Du Pont Delisle ' Pass Christian, MS
Releases of hydrochloric acid to underground injection increased from 33 to 41 million
pounds. This was due in part to a 10% increase in production and, in large part, to increased storm-
water collection and rainfall in 1991.
Wheeling-Pittsburgh Steel Corp. Mingo Junction, OH
Reported releases to land of zinc compounds increased from zero to 7 million pounds. This
increase is due primarily to a 1990 reporting error. In 1990, the facility incorrectly reported 6.5
million pounds of zinc compounds as off-site transfers instead of as land releases. The reason the
material should not have been reported as an off-site transfer is that the material was actually sent to
another establishment at the same facility and not to a different facility. An actual increase of .5
million pounds of zinc compounds was due to the use of a higher proportion of galvanized scrap
steel as a raw material.
Arcadian Fertilizer L.P. Geismar, LA
Releases to the Mississippi River of sulfuric acid increased from 5.8 to 7.3 million pounds
and releases of phosphoric acid increased from 7.3 to 13 million pounds due to increased stormwater
runoff from gypsum storage piles. Prior to 1991, Arcadian had had three years of substantial
decreases due to projects undertaken as part of its initial voluntary reduction program.
Cabot Corp. Tuscola, IL
Release of hydrochloric acid (produced as a byproduct) to on-site deep well injection
increased from 7 to 14 million pounds. The facility was unable to sell the waste hydrochloric acid
due to a weak market, so they injected it underground. '
Zinc Corp. of America Bartlesville, OK
Releases of metal compounds (zinc, copper, manganese, and cobalt) to land on-site increased
from zero to 6.8 million pounds. This material is stored in piles at the facility and will later be
removed or covered over as part of a remediation project. In 1991, the facility incorrectly reported
it as land disposal under TRI because it was regulated under RCRA as a landfill. However, TRI
guidance for this type of situation is to report the final disposal of the material. The facility has sent
in revisions to correct their numbers.
General Motors Corp. Powertrain Div. Defiance, OH
Releases of manganese compounds and zinc compounds to land on-site increased from 1.6 to
6.2 million pounds. The facility is an iron foundry that produces a slag byproduct containing the
compounds. The slag is stored in a settling basin and, periodically, the materials are dredged and
removed to a landfill. Twenty percent of this increase was due to increased production. The
remainder was due to a change in reporting. In previous years, the facility had only reported the
157
-------
Table 3-4. Top 50 TRI Facilities with Greatest Increase in Releases from
Facility
Agrico Chemical Co.
Agrico Chemical Co.
Du Pont
BASF Corp.
Magma Copper Co.
Du Pont Johnsonville Plant
Du Pont Del isle
Wheeling-Pittsburgh Steel Co.
Arcadian Fertilizer L.P.
Cabot Corp.
Zinc Corp. of America
General Motors Corporation
Kennccott Utah Copper
ICI Americas Inc.
Glaval Corp.
Sterling Chemicals Inc.
Climax Chemical Co.
VTolycorp Inc.
VTarine Shale Processors Inc.
3P Chemicals Inc.
Du Pont La Porte Plant
Alumax Inc. of South Carolina
Northwestern Steel & Wire Co.
lerculaneum Smelter
Georgia-Pacific Corp.
Sid Richardson Carbon &
Gasoline Co.
Elkcm Metals Co.
DuPont
troche Industries Inc.
Occidental Chemical Corp.
ADM Com Processing
Nitrogen Products Inc.
Zinc Corp. of America
Tiillips 66 Co.
Coastal Chem Inc.
CI Americas Inc.
>PG Industries Inc.
vIor-Flo Industries Inc.
Inion Camp Corp.
Asarco Inc.
Gaylord Container Corp.
American Chrome & Chemicals
:ord Motor Co.
>rocler& Gamble Co.
Starcraft Automotive Corp.
Scott Paper Co.
[occhst Celanese Chemical
Georgia-Pacific Corp.
Griffin Wheel Co.
Bo water Carolina Co.
Total
City
Saint James
Uncle Sam
Louisville
Geismar
San Manuel
State
LA
LA
KY
LA
AZ
New Johnsonville TN
Pass Christian
Mingo Junction
Geismar
Tuscola
Bartlesville
Defiance
Magna
Mount Pleasant
Bremen
Texas City
Grantsville
Mountain Pass
Amelia
Lima
La Porte
Goose Creek
Sterling
Herculaneum
Woodland
Big Spring
Marietta
Memphis
Cherokee
Castle Hayne
Clinton
Helena
Monaca
Borger
Cheyenne
Bucks
Oak Creek
Johnson City
Franklin
Hayden
Bogalusa
Corpus Christ!
Louisville
Perry
Goshen
Mobile
Bay City
Zachary
Keokuk
Catawba
MS
OH
LA
IL
OK
OH
UT
TN,
IN
TX
UT
CA
LA
OH
TX
SC
IL
MO
ME
TX
OH
TN
AL
NC
IA
AR
PA
TX
WY
AL
WI
TN
VA
AZ
LA
TX
KY
FL
IN
AL
TX
LA
IA,
SC
1990 to 1991
(by Total Increase).
Net Chanee from 1990 to 1991
, Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
42,000
1 -13,120
! -18,749
87,496
27,410
-34,065
3,213
18,622
-1,754
750
2,516
: -1,154
-2,560
5,893
4,465,128
-71,220
56,620
-30,273
327
-46,850
;-240,273
7,545
7,270
470
; 131,511
-95
[ 3 19,878
-94,962
5,934
-200
-1,740
25,000
-83,551
-973,285
-23,004
2,849
-8,669
' 303,454
-29,060
| 58,614
; -56,500
-50
10,714
-155,110
19,127
-54,750
-52,527
32,050
755
122,737
3,764,362
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
-2,288,400
28,167
139,626 '
-40,571
-341,168
-1,711,600
264,400
486
87,465
541,137
-2,482
-26,951
-123,700
63,371
0
-102,205
-21,775
-47,585
3,390,770
-524,395
-875
2,570,373
-3,470
175
1,952,961
2,146,562
14,200
2,031,219
22,336
-14,100
1,850,280
1,477,280
-214,926
3,252,981
61,510
10,480
1,625,636
1,300,232
1,646,200
-282,224
1,594,960
-26,000
1,459,952
232,000
1,308,084
633,000
188,767
1,288,200
755
1,112,769
26,523,907
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
39,403,600
12,950,700
0
-18,667
0
-40,400
-430
-19,056
7,333,200
0
0
-13,265
200
-2,000
0
-4,540
0
0
-178
-17,900
1,349
0
994
105
202,060
0
-27,343
-19,821
6,000
-28
-89,390
213,768
677
-512,826
0
10
16
0
-29,865
-103
2,680
-196,300
0
986,002
0
788,100
-915
2,000
0
53,409
60,951,843
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
12,552,181
11,521,226
r. 0
11,000,000
8,000,000 .
0
0
6,858,260
-2,164
0
0
4,459,946
0
4,551,110
0
0
0
3,868,880
3,362,960
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,752,415
1,688,429
0
0
0
0
o
0
o
0
250
0
1,176,932
0
0
0
70,790,425
Releases
to Land
Pounds
78,945
8,269
0
0
11,370,091
0
-1,480
7,646,600
102,905
0
6,806,039
4,964,411
4,665,555
0
0
0
3,629,914
3,478,356
0
0
486
o
2,490,000
2,429,597
139
0
1,787,879
-8,300
1,767,710
1,795,454
0
0
2,009,805
-56,380
-82,390
0
0
0
0
1,768,907
O
1,700,000
o
312,715
42,526
o
15,580
1,355
1,301,580
191
60,026,459
158
-------
1988 - 1991 TRI Releases/Transfers
Facility
*
Agrico Chemical Co.
Agrico Chemical Co.
Du Pont
BASFCoip.
Magma Copper Co. "'
Du Pont Johnsonville Plant
Du Pont Delisle
Wheeling-Pittsburgh Steel Co.
Arcadian Fertilizer L.P.
Cabot Corp.
Zinc Corp. of America
General Motors Corporation
Kennecott Utah Copper
ICI Americas Inc.
Glaval Corp.
Sterling Chemicals Inc.
Climax Chemical Co.
Molycorp Inc.
Marine Shale Processors Inc.
BP Chemicals Inc.
Du Pont La Porte Plant
Alumax Inc. of South Carolina
Northwestern Steel & Wire Co.
Herculaneum Smelter
Georgia-Pacific Corp.
Sid Richardson Carbon &
Gasoline Co.
Elkem Metals Co.
Du Pont
Laroche Industries Inc.
Occidental Chemical Corp.
ADM Corn Processing
Nitrogen Products Inc.
Zinc Corp. of America
Phillips 66 Co.
Coastal Chem Inc.
ICI Americas Inc.
PPG Industries Inc.
Mor-Flo Industries Inc.
Inion Camp Corp.
Asarco Inc.
Gaylord Container Corp.
American Chrome & Chemicals
Ford Motor Co.
Procter & Gamble Co.
Starcraft Automotive Corp.
Scott Paper Co.
Hoechst Celanese Chemical
Georgia-Pacific Corp.
Griffin Wheel Co.
Bowater Carolina Co.
Total
City
Saint James
Uncle Sam
Louisville
Geismar
San Manuel
State
LA
LA
KY
LA
AZ
New Johnsonville TN
Pass Christian
Mingo Junction
Geismar
Tuscola
Bartlesville
Defiance
Magna
Mount Pleasant
Bremen
Texas City
Grants ville
Mountain Pass
Amelia
Lima
La Porte
Goose Creek
Sterling
Herculaneum
Woodland
Big Spring
Marietta
Memphis
Cherokee
Castle Hayne
Clinton
Helena
Monaca
Borger
Cheyenne
Bucks
Oak Creek
Johnson City
Franklin
Hayden
Bogalusa
Corpus Christ!
Louisville
Perry
Goshen
Mobile
Bay City
Zachary
Keokuk
Catawba
MS
OH
LA
IL
OK
OH
UT
TN
IN
TX
UT
CA
LA
OH
TX
SC
IL
MO
ME
TX
OH
TN
AL
NC
IA
AR
PA
TX
WY
AL
WI
TN
VA
AZ
LA
TX
KY
FL
IN
AL
TX
LA
IA
SC
1990
Total
Releases
Pounds
56,607,515
36,213,512
10,392,468
1,448,614
13,021,566
50,003,965
38,893,130
123,482
16,041,525
11,370,029
89,817
2,352,874
9,694,735
13,212,807
124,488
32,344,470
122,350
2,987,870
178,140
24,282,015
5,225,749
79,967
9,480,846
14,091,132
0
508,644
_
15,388,660
4,172,833
514,270
7,450,774
93,260
0
1,586,000
2,465,209
7,908,661
6,337,013
127,439
233,000
1,371,894
24,938,397
137,360
8,699,860
374,324
1,672,062
146,800
1,873,855
2,355,975
1,061,505
2,925
1,172,777
438,976,563
1991
Total,
Releases
Pounds
93,843,660
49,187,528
23,065,526
12,998,098
24,077,899
59,217,900
47,158,833
7,770,134
23,563,341
18,770,176
6,893,726
7,275,915
14,234,230
17,740,017
4,589,616
36,717,615
3,787,109
6,388,368
3,569,059
27,561,750
8,349,396
2,657,885
11,975,640
16,521,479
2,286,671
2,655,111
17,483,274
6,080,969
2,316,250
9,231,900
1,852,410
1,716,048
3,298,005
4,175,699
9,617,192
8,038,781
1,744,422
1,836,686
2,959,169
26,483,591
1,678,500
10,177,510
1,844,990
3,047,669
1,516,787
3,240,205
3,683,812
2,385,110
1,306,015
2,461,883
661,033,559
1990 to 1991
Changes in
Total
Releases
Pounds
37,236,145
12,974,016
12,673,058
11,549,484
11,056,333
9,213,935
8,265,703
7,646,652
7,521,816
7,400,147
6,803,909
4,923,041
4,539,495
4,527,210
4,465,128
4,373,145
3,664,759
3,400,498
3,390,919
3,279,735
3,123,647
2,577,918
2,494,794
2,430,347
2,286,671
2,146,467
2,094,614
1,908,136
1,801,980
1,781,126
1,759,150
,716,048
,712,005
,710,490
,708,531
,701,768
1,616,983
1,603,686
1,587,275
1,545,194
1,541,140
1,477,650
1,470,666
1,375,607
1,369,987
1,366,350
1,327,837
1,323,605
1,303,090
1,289,106
222,056,996
159
-------
amount removed to the landfill, which, for the 1990 reporting year, happened to be none. In 1991,
they reported both the quantity sent to the settling basin and sent to landfill (without double
counting). ;
REASONS FACILITIES REPORT ONE YEAR BUT NOT ANOTHER
i
The universe of facilities submitting reports changes somewhat each year. Each year, some
facilities submit reports for the first time, and other facilities that have reported in previous years do
not submit reports for the current year. r
Sometimes this results from new facilities starting operations and other facilities shutting
down either temporarily or permanently. Sometimes it is a matter of a facility meeting or failing to
meet the reporting criteria for the first time. I For example, a facility may meet the chemical manu-
facturing, processing or use thresholds one year but not another, or it may have ten or more
employees one year and fewer than ten another year.
A facility may shift the majority of its industrial activities from a covered SIC code (e.g.,
primary metals) to a non-covered SIC code |(e.g., mineral mining), eliminating its reporting obli-
gation. .In some cases, a change in a facility's SIC code determination reflects not a change in
industrial activities, but a change in the facility's understanding or interpretation of the SIC code
requirements.
I - -
In some cases, a facility that is not required by law to report, such as a facility with fewer
than 10 employees or a facility outside the covered industry groups, may choose to report volun-
tarily. Because such facilities are not obligated to report, they may choose to file TRI reports some
years but not others. There may also be Federal facilities (government owned and operated) that are
reporting voluntarily for the first time. \
t
REASONS FACILITY RELEASE/TRANSFER ESTIMATES CHANGE
A number of factors affect the release and transfer estimates provided by facilities. Some
reported increases and decreases are realtb.at is, changes in the amounts reported reflect changes in
the amounts actually released and transferred. Other reported increases and decreases are account-
ing or "paper" changes that do not reflect an actual change in releases and transfers. Often, changes
in amounts reported by facilities are due to 4 combination of several factors.
i
"|
Real Changes
Real changes in TRI releases can result from a variety of factors. Source reduction activities,
such as process changes, elimination of spills and leaks, inventory control, improved maintenance,
and alternative methods of cleaning and degreasing can cause substantial real reductions in TRI
releases. For example, Ashland Chemical of Plaquemine, LA, decreased air emissions of methanol
by 65,000 pounds from 1990 to 1991 by replacing a methanol tank vent scrubber with internal
floating roofs in two storage tanks and making some process modifications.
160
-------
I 1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers |
Another example of source reduction is Eastman Kodak Company's Kodak Park Division in
Rochester, NY, reducing dichloromethane air releases by 1.06 million pounds from 1990 to 1991.
Since 1988, their dichloromethane air releases have been reduced 48%, or by 4.25 million pounds.
These reductions are due to process and procedure modifications in their cellulose triacetate film
base manufacturing.
Chemical substitutionthat is, replacing a listed TRI chemical with another, possibly less
toxic, chemicalwill cause a real decrease in the listed TRI chemical that is no longer being used
by the facility or is being used in smaller quantities. For example, Borden Chemicals and Plastics
(Geismar, LA) reduced air emissions of zinc and chromium compounds from 17,411 pounds in 1990
to zero by substituting a different cooling water tower treatment material. In another example,
Grumman Corp. Allied Operations in Montgomery, PA, reduced their air emissions of 1,1,1-tri-
chloroethane from 66,310 pounds in 1990 to 24,750 pounds in 1990. Like many facilities, this
facility discontinued use of 1,1,1-trichloroethane in cleaning operations and replaced it with a lower
VOC alternative.
However, it is important to look at what chemical or chemicals, if any, have replaced the
listed TRI chemical. Sometimes a listed TRI chemical is replaced with another listed TRI chemical,
resulting in decreased releases/transfers of one TRI chemical but possibly increased releases/trans-
fers of the other. Sometimes listed TRI chemicals are replaced with chemicals that are also toxic,
but are not yet included on the TRI list. In such cases, the substitution will cause a real decrease in
releases/transfers of the listed chemical that is no longer being used, but these releases/transfers may
be replaced by unreported releases/transfers of the unlisted substitute chemical.
Production increases and decreases can cause changes in reported facility releases/transfers.
As an example, the decrease in the amount of TRI air emissions between 1990 and 1991 from
Anitec Image Corporation in Binghamton, NY, was due primarily to the shutdown of the company's
film base manufacturing operation. Its fugitive air releases of dichloromethane decreased from
1,800,000 to 640,000 pounds. Releases/transfers are likely to increase when production increases
and decrease when production decreases, although the relationship is not necessarily linear. This
year, for the first time, the TRI database includes production indices provided by facilities on each
chemical reporting form to help relate reported releases/transfers to reported changes in production
levels.
Releases/transfers may increase one year due to an abnormal event not related to normal
production processes, such as an accidental release or a clean-up operation. For example, Occi-
dental Chemical of Addis, LA, reported an 8,000 pound increase of vinyl chloride air emissions
from 1990 to 1991 that was partly due to an emergency release of vinyl chloride. These one-time
events can cause a real but anomalous increase in the reporting year in which they occur, and then a
decrease from that abnormally high level the following year. The new TRI data for this year pro-
vide estimates for these one-time, non-production related releases/transfers.
161
-------
Installation of pollution control equipment may also lead to real reductions in TRI releases/
transfers. As an example, Geneva Steel in Vineyard, UT, decreased ammonia releases to water from
239,302 pounds in 1990 to 27,023 pounds in 1991 due to installation of a treatment plant with
micro-organisms that consume the ammonia. However, it is important to note that some types of
pollution control merely shift waste from one type of release, treatment, or disposal to another.
Increased recycling and reuse of wastes instead of disposal will result in real decreases in
TRI releases and/or in transfers for treatment and disposal. Sometimes facilities are able to sell
waste materials as usable raw materials or products, which may also result in real decreases in TRI
emissions. For example, Lake Erie Screw Corp. in Lakewood, OH, transferred 180,000 pounds of
sulfuric acid off-site for disposal in 1990, but in 1991, the facility sold sulfuric acid to waste water
treatment plants for reuse. The converse also occurs. In EPA's investigation of top release
increasers, several facilities' increases in releases from 1990 to 1991 were due to market changes
that prevented them from continuing to sell their acid waste for other uses.
"Paper" Changes j
_____ !
A common type of "paper" change occurs when a facility changes the way it estimates or
calculates its releases for reporting purposes. Changing estimation techniques, or changing from
estimation to monitoring of releases, can cajise a change in the amount reported without a corres-
ponding change in actual releases. For example, the General Motors Harrison Radiator Division's
(Lockport, NY) discharge of 63,000 pounds' of acetone to water in 1991, the result of a process
reaction in the company's wastewater treatment plant, was discovered after the facility analyzed its
1991 waste water. Because such data were not available to make estimates for the previous year, the
discharges had not been reported before.
Reported releases/transfers may change without actual releases/transfers changing when
reporting guidance is clarified or a facility changes its interpretation of the reporting guidance. For
example, EPA revised its guidance for 1991 concerning the de minimis exemption and beneficiation
activities, such as ore processing. These activities are no longer excluded from this exemption,
which could result in lower reported releases for some facilities.
Apparent increases or decreases can occur if a facility makes a reporting error one year and
does not submit a revision. Examples of common reporting errors include misunderstanding the
reporting requirements and exemptions, mathematical miscalculations, and typographical errors.
Prior to 1991, total amounts reported to TRI may have decreased in part because facilities
shifted their transfers of TRI chemicals to energy recovery or recycling instead of disposal or treat-
ment. Until 1991, transfers for energy recovery or recycling were not required to be reported to
TRI. However, for the 1991 reporting year and beyond, these transfers must be reported as part of
the new pollution prevention data. [
162
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1988 -1991 TRI Releases/Transfers
ASSESSING THE COMPARATIVE IMPACT OF VARIOUS REASONS FOR CHANGE
In 1991, EPA surveyed a statistical sample of 1,206 facilities, 960 of which responded, to
assess the comparative impact of various real and "paper" changes on the TRI data between 1989
and 1990. Specifically, the study focused on the comparative impact of measurement/estimation
technique changes, production changes, and source reduction activities. The study estimated the
number of forms and facilities associated with each reason for change and the quantity of change in
pounds attributable to each reason for change. While similar data are not available for the 1991
reporting year, the findings of this study are expected to be generally relevant to the 1991 changes.
Release and transfer quantities and percentages here will not match exactly amounts presented
elsewhere in this chapter, because quantities calculated for this survey were based on a data set that
is no longer current.
Production change was the most frequently cited reason for reported emissions changes
between 1989 and 1990. Nearly 70% of facilities contacted cited production change as responsible
for at least part of their reported release/transfer change. Production change was cited as a reason
for change for about 45% of the forms. However, because production change was cited as a reason
for almost as great a quantity of increase as of decrease, the net effect of production change on the
change in TRI releases and transfers from 1989 to 1990 was only about 5%. Production change
accounted for about 19% of the 1990 increase (by weight), 13% of the decrease, and 5% of the net
decrease between 1989 and 1990 (about 41 million pounds).
Twenty-four percent of facilities cited estimation technique changes as a reason for at least
part of their reported release/transfer changes. Estimation technique changes were cited as a reason
for change for about 15% of forms. As with production changes, estimation technique changes
largely cancelled each other out, causing little net effect. Estimation technique changes accounted
for 7% of the 1990 increase, 5% of the decrease, and only about 3% of the net change (about 22 mil-
lion pounds).
Source reduction was cited as a reason for change by 40% of facilities for about 18% of
forms. Because source reduction accounted for about 20% of the decrease and only 2% of the
increase, it had a large effect on the net change from 1989 to 1990. Source reduction accounted for
about 45% of the net change, a decrease of about 387 million pounds.
The study found that the category of "other factors" accounted for more of the net change
from 1989 to 1990 than any other reason assessed. In large part, this is probably because this cate-
gory includes everything not included in the other categories, such as changes in reporting guidance,
changes in facility interpretation and application of that guidance, reporting errors, accidental and
one-time releases, increased recycling, and other unexplained reasons. The study found that "other
factors" accounted for 73% of the 1990 increase, 62% of the decrease, and 48% of the net change
(about 416 million pounds).
This study was able to develop estimates for only a few of the various reasons within this
"other" category. Beginning with the 1990 reporting year, facilities were given the option of report-
ing ammonium sulfate as ammonia. The effect of facilities' exercising this option was estimated to
163
-------
^
have accounted for about 250 million pounds of decrease, a little less than half of the total decrease '
and more than half of the net decrease attributable to this category. Because by far the greatest
effect of this optional reporting occurred i^ 1990, and change attributable to it will be much lower in
the future, it seems likely that this "other" category would be substantially smaller in other years. It
is important to note that a substantial portio|n of the change assigned to this category was so assigned
because many facilities, although aware that the changes in their releases were due to source reduc-
tion, production variability, or measurement changes, were nevertheless unable to make quantitative
allocations among these factors.
tf
TRI RELEASES AND TRANSFERS COMPARED TO VALUE OF SHIPMENTS DATA
I . ,
i
One approach to understanding better how TRI. releases and transfers have changed in
relation to economic activity is to compute,: and track over time, a ratio of the value of economic
activity relative to releases and transfers for treatment and disposal. Changes in this ratio over time
will indicate whether more or less value of economic activity is being obtained for each unit of TRI
releases and transfers for treatment and disposal. This will give some indication of whether industry
is improving its performance in managing TRI chemicals.
i
The specific measure used in the following analysis is the ratio of realthat is, inflation-
adjustedvalue of shipments to the sum of TRI releases and transfers. The ratio of real value of
shipments to TRI releases and transfers is effectively an indicator of industry's productivity in the
use and disposal of TRI chemicals as part o^ the manufacturing process.
i
Increases over time in the ratio would indicate that, for a given inflation-adjusted value of
goods produced and shipped, manufacturers are releasing a lower quantity of TRI chemicals to the
environment, and might thus be judged to bb more productive in managing the use and disposal of
TRI chemicals. Conversely, a declining ratio would suggest that a lower value of goods was being
produced and shipped for each unit of TRI releases and transfers, and might be indicative of less
effective management of the use and disposal of TRI chemicals in the manufacturing process.
The results of this analysis show thaf there has been an overall increase in the dollar value of
shipments per ton of TRI releases and transfers in the period 1988 to 1991. The ratio of value of
shipments to releases and transfers has increased from 0.87 to 1.19, representing an increase in value
of shipments of more than $320,000 per ton of TRI releases and transfers. In other words, reported
TRI releases and transfers have declined with respect to production as measured by value of
shipments. !
For the period 1988-1991, the ratio improved for 18 of 20 two-digit SIC code major groups.
The chemical industry, which accounts for the largest share of TRI releases and transfers of any
industry grouping, showed an improvement of about 50%. The two industry groups (food and
apparel) that did not show an improvement together account for only about 2%, of total TRI releases
and transfers from all industries. !
164
-------
I 1988 1991 TRI Releases/Transfers |
From 1990 to 1991, the ratio of value of shipments to releases and transfers increased from
1.09 to 1.19, an increase of 9.2%. The ratio of value of shipments to releases and transfers
improved for 18 of the 20 SIC code groupings. Only apparel and stone/clay/glass showed declines
between 1990 and 1991. The chemical industry, which showed a 30% improvement between 1989
and 1990, showed an improvement of 3% between 1990 and 199L
Table 3-5 shows, for each year for each industry group, the value of shipments, tons of TRI
releases and transfers, and the ratio of value of shipments to TRI releases and transfers. Table 3-6
shows growth rates for value of shipments, TRI releases and transfers, and their ratio. Rounding of
numbers in the tables may cause the appearance of inconsistent results in a few cases.
It should be noted that, while value of shipments data constitute the best data readily avail-
able to represent production for this analysis, they are an imperfect measure of production. Value of
shipments data do not cover all elements of production, such as unsold production or production of
intermediates not sold. Also, while the value of shipments is adjusted for the rate of inflation in the
economy, certain price changes that differ from the general rate of inflation may mean that changes
in the value of shipments actually reflect changes in the price of products in addition to changes in
production. Still, value of shipments is a reasonable proxy for production and constitutes the best
data available to approximate production for this analysis.
165
-------
Table 3-5. Ratio of Shipments to TRI Releases and Transfers for
SIC
Code Industiy
20 Food
21 Tobacco
22 Textiles
23 Apparel
24 Lumber
25 Furniture
26 Paper
27 Printing
28 Chemicals
29 Petroleum
30 Rubber/Plastics
31 Leather
32 Stone/Clay
33 Primary Metals
34 Fabr. Metals
35 Machinery
36 Electrical
37 Transportation
38 Measure./Photo.
39 Miscellaneous
Total
Manufacturing Industries, 1988-
Value of Shipments
$ Millions. 1987
1988
328,212
16,807
60,644
60,664
65,994
35,212
107,789
121,749
229,822
194,113
88,285
8,522
59,602
131,929
147,890
228,720
178,729
328,430
107,036
32,437
2,532,586
1989
324,780
15,987
61,593
57,530
64,465
35,599
108,747
120,218
232,512
189,831
89,307
8,349
58,903
128,761
144,033
229,126
179,545
326,477
106,937
32,059
2,514,760
[1990
330,472
k333
59,096
56,852
(53,493
34,997
107,830
120,352
2^8,168
188,828
91,104
8,065
57,698
125,367
141,662
225,061
178,924
318,276
108,008
32,381
2,502,966
1991
332,705
15,437
58,405
56,332
59,103
32,917
106,378
114,871
234,989
190,224
88,538
7,325
53,082
117,451
134,715
209,175
179,727
303,867
108,870
31,601
2,435,711
1988
34,793
1,468
28,215
857
18,718
36,445
168,955
34,739
1,504,035
55,409
99,319
14,061
30,255
438,632
115,337
41,670
94,043
138,361
40,228
20,262
2,915,800
1991(d).
TRI Releases and Transfers
Tons
1989
38,977
904
23,437
1,030
19,102
35,053
164,862
31,198
1,363,668
56,669
105,789
12,889
26,239
392,209
109,474
39,267
75,661
127,530
33,448
21,409
2,678,816
1990
41,766
1,264
19,375
823
18,143
32,919
157,442
27,337
1,070,615
47,617
101,423
11,609
20,908
403,295
98,436
32,011
63,833
110,461
27,471
15,842
2,302,590,
1991
41,272
1,160
17,097
922
15,903
28,997
149,156 '
23,578
1,025,717
42,830
83,100
8,660
22,671
296,984
79,030
24,781
52,956
90,398
23,336
11,166
2,039,715
166
-------
1988 - 1991 TRI Releases/Transfers
SIC
Code Industry
20 Food
21 Tobacco
22 Textiles
23 Apparel
24 Lumber
25 Furniture ,
26 Paper
27 Printing
28 Chemicals
29 Petroleum
30 Rubber/Plastics
31 Leather
32 Stone/Clay
33 Primary Metals
34 Fabr. Metals
35 Machinery
36 Electrical
37 Transportation
38 Measure./Photo.
39 Miscellaneous .
Total
Ratio of Shipments to Releases and
$ Millions/Ton
1988
9.43
11.45
2.15
. 70.77
3.53
0.97
0.64
3.50
0.15
3.50
0.89
0.61
1.97
0.30
1.28
5.49
1.90
2.37
2.66
1.60
0.87
1989
8.33
17.68
2.63
55.86
3.37
1.02
0.66
3.85
0.17
3.35
0.84
0.65
2.24
0.33
1.32
5.84
2.37
2.56
3.20
1.50
6.94
1990
7.91
12.92
3.05
69.11
3.50
1.06
0.68
4.40
0.22
3.97
0.90
0.69
2.76
0.31
1.44
7.03
2.80
2.88
3.93
2.04
,' 1.09
Transfers
1991
8.06
13.31
3.42
61.10
3.72
1.14
0.71
4.87
0.23
4.44
1.07
0.85
2.34
0.40
1.70
8.44
3.39
3.36
4.67
2.83
1.19
167
-------
Table 3-6. Growth Rates In Ratio of Shipments to Releases and Transfers for Manufacturing Industries
1988-1991(6).
SIC
Code Industry
20 Food
21 Tobacco
22 Textiles
23 Apparel
24 Lumber
25 Furniture
26 Paper
27 Printing
28 Chemicals
29 Petroleum
30 Rubber/Plastics
31 Leather
32 Stone/Clay
33 Primary Metals
34 Fabr. Metals
35 Machinery
36 Electrical
37 Transportation
38 Measure./Photo.
39 Miscellaneous
Total
1988-91
Percent
1.4
-8.1
-3.7
-7.1
-10.4
-6.5
-1.3
-5.6
2.2
-2.0
0.3
-14.0
-10.9
-11.0
-8.9
-8.5
0.6
-7.5
1.7
-2.6
-3.8
Percent Cha
Real Value of S
igein
lipments
1988-89 1989-90
Percent Percent
-1.0
-4.9
1.6
' -5.2
-2.3
1.1
0.9
-1.3
1.2
-2.2
1.2
-2.0
-1.2
-2.4
-2.6
0.2
0.5
-0.6
-0.1
-1.2
-0.7
1.8
2.2
-4.1
-1.2
-1.5
-1,7
-0.8
0.1
2.4
-0.5
2.0'
-3.4
-2.0
-2.6
-i:e
-1.8
-0.3
-2.5
1.0
1.0 "
-0.5
Percent Change in
TRI Releases and Transfers
1990-91
Percent
0.7
-5.5
-1.2
-0.9
-6.9
-5.9
-1.3
-4.6
-1.3
0.7
-2.8
-9.2
-8.0
-6.3
-4.9
-7.1
0.4
-4.5
0.8
-2.4
-2.7
1988-91
Percent
18.6
-21.0
-39.4
7.5
-15.0
-20.4
-11.7
-32.1
-31.8
-22.7
-16.3
-38.4
-25.1
-32.3
-31.5
-40.5
-43.7
-34.7
-42.0
-44.9
-30.0
1988-89
Percent
12.0
-38.4
-16.9
20.1
2.1
-3.8
-2.4
-10.2
-9.3
2.3
6.5
-8.3
-13.3
-10.6
-5.1
-5.8
-19.5
' -7.8
-16.9
5.7
-8.1
1989-90
Percent
7.2
39.8
-17.3
-20.1
-5.0
-6.1
-4.5
-12.4
-21.5
-16.0
-4.1
-9.9
-20.3
2.8
-10.1
-18.5
-15.6
-13.4
-17.9
-26.0
-14.0
1990-91
Percent
-1.2
-8.3
-11.8
12.1
-12.3
-11.9
-5.3
-13.8
-4.2
-10.1
-18.1
-25.4
8.4
-26.4
-19.7
-22.6
-17.0
-18.2
-15.0
-29.5
-11.4
168
-------
1988 - 1991 TRI Releases/Transfers
SIC
Code Industry
20 Food
21 Tobacco
22 Textiles
23 Apparel <
24 Lumber
25 Furniture
26 Paper
27 Printing
28 Chemicals
29 Petroleum
30 Rubber/Plastics
31 Leather
32 Stone/Clay
33 Primary Metals
34 Fabr. Metals
35 Machinery
36 Electrical
37 Transportation
38 Measure./Photo.
39 Miscellaneous
Total
Percent Change iu Ratio of
Shipments to Releases and Transfers
1988-91
Percent
-14.5
16.3
58.9
-13.7
5.4
17.5
11.8
39.0
49.9
26.8
19.9
39.6
18.9
31.5
32.9
53.8
78.6
41.6
75.3
76.8
37.5
1988-89
Percent
-11.7
54.4
22.3
-21.1
-4.3
5.1
3.4
9.9
11.6
-4.4
-5.0
6.9
13.9
9.2
2.6
6.3
24.9
7.8
20.2
-6.5
8.1
1989-90
Percent
-5.0
-26.9
16.1
23.7 ,
3.7
4.7
3.8
14.3
30.5
1.8.4
6.4
7.2
' 22.9
-5.3
9.4
20.5
18.1
12.6
23.0
36.5
15.8
1990-91
Percent
1.9
3.0
12.0 -
-11.6
6.2
6.8
4.1
10.7
3.0
12.0
18.6
21.8
-15.2
27.2
18.4
20.1
21.1
16.7
18.7
38.5
9.9
169
-------
170
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers
References
New York State 1991 Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) Review. December 1992. Prepared for the New York State
Emergency Response Commission by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, 50 Wolf Road-
Room 340, Albany, New York 12233.
1991 TRI Annual Report for Ohio. March 1993. Ohio Enviromental Protection Agency, Department of Air Pollution
Control/Toxic Release Inventory, 1800 WaterMark Dr., Columbus, Ohio, 43215.
Chemical Manufacturers Association Pollution Prevention Fact Sheets. April 13,1993. Chemical Manufacturers
Association, 2501 M Street NW, Washington, DC 200037
Utah Toxic Release Inventory, Draft Summary Report for Calendar Year. 1991. March 1993. State of Utah Dept. of
Environmental Quality, Division of Environmental Response and Remediation, 150 North 1950 West, Salt Lake City,
UT 84116-4840.
Louisiana Toxics Release Inventory 1991. December 1992. Prepared by the Louisiana Department of Environmental
Quality, P.O. Box 82263, Baton Rouge, LA 70884.
Louisiana Chemical Industry Emissions Report. A Compilation and Comparison of Toxics Release Inventory Data
amd Pollution Prevention Act Data 1990-1991. December 1992. Prepared for the Louisiana Chemical Association
(LCA) by Information Research, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. LCA, One American Place- Suite 2040, Baton Rouge, LA
70825. . ;
Assessment of Changes in Reported TRI Releases and Transfers between 1989-1990. May 1993. Prepared by
Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, .North Carolina, for USEPA, Office of Pollution Prevention and
Toxics, Pollution Prevention Division, Washington, DC.
Grumman Corporation, Bethpage, NY. August 14,1992. Letter from Dean G. Cassell of Grumman Corporation to
Susan B. Hazen of USEPA, Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, Environmental Assistance Division (TS-779),
Washington, DC regarding update of USEPA 33/50 Program Efforts at Grumman Corporation. EPA DCN 33-50-
91001588. ' ' ,
Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, New York. July 29,1992. Letter from R. Hays Bell of Eastman Kodak to
Susan B. Hazen of USEPA, Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, Environmental Assistance Division (TS-799),
Washington, DC regarding reduction of multi-media emissions from Eastman Kodak for EPA's 33/50 program. EPA
DCN 33-50-91001605.
3M Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co. October 15, 1992. Letter from Dr. R.P. Bringer of 3M to Susan B.
Hazen of USEPA, Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, Environmental Assistance Division (TS-799) regarding
reduction of emissions from 3M for EPA's 33/50 program. EPA DCN 22-50-91002012. ;
171
-------
-------
THE 1991 TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY
PUBLIC DATA RELEASE
1988-1991
Releases and Transfers
by State
173
-------
Table 3-7. TRI Releases and Transfers by State; 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered),
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
, 91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
16,368,289
18,320,908
18,079,034
19,150,455
582,728
530,608
490,074
516,975
22,000
19,300
27,750 '
29,500
4,478,871
4,230,486
4,622,879
7,086,609
8,741,793
9,381,848
9,858,564
11,314,082
29,577,235
33,375,380
33,769,697
36,553,122
2,645,593
3,181,250
. 5,007,980
5,807,053
6,862,043
8,342,768
10,929,971
13,362,605
1,494,629
1,762,968
2,229,156
1,743,401
0
250
14,711,961
23,455,869
31,485,605
22,607,530
13,329,545
17,028,772
19,809,417
19,680,258
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
82,103,616
84,916,282
87,787,672
861,046,018
12,643,715
15,437,766
20,459,326
22,528,589
0
: 0
: 0
0
4,975,644s
8,472,811
8',146,644
9!,211,534
221,151,811
24,392,266
33,927,044
37,375,807
i
35,408,428
48',173,601
49,672,284
54,672,976
3.197,551
4^049,975
5,816,656
6;212,209
8>890,669
9jl 15,472
10637,369
121341,550
4 338,630
4257,781
6(410,239
5,821,194
0
0
23 219,594
23,637,128
29,787,475
28;907,269
44,204,008
57;790,626
56,645,512
64,548,977
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
4,264,093
3,135,411
7,525,742
7,074,182
4,795,953
4,949,477
4,662,650
4,466,815
0
5
0
0
32,960
158
2,260
9,855
2,420,296
2,570,380
9,088,006
7,448,161
10,232,311
10,096,012
10,673,054
10,861,727
195,424
209,072
146,933
115,968
3,902,424
4,012,129
4,753,850
6,080,615
349,040
431,584
649,993
574,601
250
250
3,147,409
' 2,782,382
6,604,133
6,955,412
4,728,063
4,311,630
5,804,031
3,018,325
Underground
Injection
Pounds
7,988,920
6,317,242
7,602,901
6,139,021
150
20
1,000
1,018
0
0
0
0
0
30
10
505
14,031,499
17,891,695
21,926,895
10,521,284
1,944,661
1,763,292
1,728,376
1,586,653
500
280
1,250
1,750
50
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
13,728,636
21,536,061 '
28,338,638
34,651,616
0
810
0
59,467
Releases
to Land
Pounds
6,661,627
3,195,836
5,180,111
4,615,038
4,132
29,076
10,415
1,720
0
0
0
0
53,310,818
58,044,481
32,321,670
53,667,725
1,692,683
3,477,930
2,308,944
1,938,900
8,527,943
5,123,011
6,483,650
8,412,685
514,305
533,776
897,140
2,802,039
3,345
166,742
337,525
1,687,641 ,
155,180
183,028 '
152,911
240,117
0
0
32,737,051
41,317,990
40,211,477
36,890,073
1,154,944
1,169,663
2,789,333
9,284,086
Total
Releases
Pounds
117,386,545
115,885,679
126,175,460
123,024,714
18,026,678
20,946,947
25,623,465
27,515,117
22,000
19,305
27,750
29,500
62,798,293
70,747,966
45,093,463
69,976,228
49,038,082
57,714,119
77,109,453
68,598,234
85,690,578
98,531,296
102,327,061
112,087,163
6,553,373
7,974,353
11,869,959
14,939,019
19,658,531
21,637,111
26,658,715
33,472,661
6,337,479
6,635,361
9,442,299
8,379,313
250
500
87,544,651
112,729,430
136,427,328
130,011,900
63,416,560
80,301,501
85,048,293
96,591,113
176
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by State
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91 .
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
,90
89
88
89
88
91
90
89
88 ,
91
90
89
88
Transfers
toPOTWs
Pounds
945,010
975,636
1,367,341
1,154,834
0
4
750
1,000
0
0
0
0
475,907
1,196,735
4,042,150
- 4,535,978
576,886
2,170,702
1,021,930
1,274,323
28,091,113
31,844,973
47,412,133
49,942,234
460,081
. 684,808
764,168
631,601
1,566,744
2,329,976
2,569,369
3,312,079
2,344,905
4,008,334
3,278,847
3,276,713
250
250
13,856,151
18,831,240
17,883,556
16,229,362
8,327,521
7,894,619
9,580,271
8,329,234
Transfers Off-site
for Treatment
Disposal/Other
. Pounds
15,280,508
17,497,440
19,110,587
15,743,098
1,056
90
5,750
1,750
0
0
0
0
1,261,669
1,195,125
1,673,171
1,803,608
4,422,417
7,853,372
11,145,689
7,966,981
15,310,606
23,013,359
,21,900,287
41,447,725
3,013,857
3,271,664
5,092,503
5,260,474
7,530,337
11,228,129
15,183,276
18,527,596'
834,453
1,707,658
2,698,570
4,172,497
500
250
9,721,842
7,367,793
16,419,697
13,163,767
12,268,719
14,991,015
25,513,195
28,874,897
Total
Transfers
Pounds
16,225,518
18,473,076
20,477,928
16,897,932
1,056
94
6,500
2,750
0
0
0
0
i, 737,576
2,391,860
5,715,321
6,339,586
4,999,303
10,024,074
12,167,619
9,241,304
43,401,719
54,858,332
69,312,420
91,389,959
3,473,938
3,956,472
5,856,671
5,892,075
9,097,081
13,558,105
17,752,645
21,839,675
3,179,358
5,715,992
5,977,417
7,449,210
750
500
23,577,993
26,199,033
34,303,253
29,393,129
20,596,240
22,885,634
35,093,466
37,204,131
177
-------
Table 3-7. TRI Releases and Transfers by State; 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
State
Hawaii
Idaho
^
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91 .
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
438,180
550,617
514,209
535,305
964,270
1,942,666
2,463,603
2,458,912
I
26,843,981
32,506,784
38,276,286
43,897,320
37,548,747
41,277,512
46,023,670
42,671,026
6,319,613
7,077,459
9,313,610
9,635,817
7,828,061
9,595,423
10,522,936
10,513,947
10,399,713
11,478,193
12,974,837
15,413,368
20,401,044
23,575,674
27,759,629
28,981,207
2,447,932
2,348,615
3,090,042
3,338,266
4,468,885
5,742,869
5,747,622
5,290,205
6,325,056
8,750,286
9,592,557
10,329,152
18,295,834
23,419,837
23,715,290
27,603,509
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
141,478
138,744
170,804
338,840
5,151,603
3.743,919
2,892,084
2^907,771
53,255,672
56.945,646
64^696,498
65,495,032
57^524,688
65,372,470
68,383,679
68|,283,408
28,604,960
32U26.250
35,903,349
35?076,431
1
19430,166
20,612,925
22,392,654
22,058,000
26,585,266
30,223,048
32,276,175
33,102,252
76U22.777
86,153,219
107;,084,486
109,336,425
11,301,527
11,313,002
12,465,281
13,737,850
7,042,773
7,394,884
12,724,189
12,723,448
9,918,972
11,442,558
15,344,297
17,502,015
51,569,368
62,722,736
83i,108,244
72,085,327
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
17,029
15,990
9,500
10,000
119,934
474,398
308,667
296,220
6,438,278
6,335,164
16,762,680
14,170,412
1,722,928
2,848,499
5,418,401
4,913,927
2,001,525
2,448,455
1,223,605
1,383,577
920,768
1,044,876
652,181
853,044
681,839
683,815
773,051
1,700,777
161,282,510
101,050,157
46,355,307
159,575,724
813,197
899,866
366,329
437,488
682,953
1,282,351
2,448,229
3,955,551
396,842
264,196
837,906
674,490
944,588
818,783
739,582
1,153,087
Underground
Injection
Pounds
235,199
111,500
1,196,672
1,051,509
0
0
0
0
16,199,440 ,
9,449,685
10,712,556
7,340,184
2,360,830
9,192,188
32,703,116
34,820,400
0
25
250
5
44,921,511
58,706,062
91,160,915
90,207,460
22,000,000
9,447,874
39,000,000
30,000,250
196,547,237
226,922,147
291,435,814
423,893,540
0
0
0
0
0
55
0
2
0
45
0
4,000
6,699,997
8,323,247
8,278,831
6,326,978
Releases
to Land
Pounds
81,200
34,009
211,372
205,745
3,880,780
5,434,670
11,775,840
11,850,374
18,582,646
15,326,504
11,689,068
11,527,542
36,009,003
46,769,327
50,467,727
63,075,385
1,789,203
279,801
188,843
636,535
1,235,203
1,323,496
374,262
485,074
1,638,959
1,422,105
1,059,367
5,765,095
1,850,432
2,105,590
2,552,318
7,588,195
876,354
504,946
444,789'
960,950
1,293,351
1,868,993
1,946,146
2,668,375
167,019
53,000
80,176
918,766
13,943,437
25,655,939
23,492,744
18,532,668
Total
Releases
Pounds
913,086
850,860
' 2,102,557
2,141,399
10,116,587
11,595,653
17,440,194
- 17,513,277
121,320,017
120,563,783
142,137,088
142,430,490
135,166,196
165,459,996
202,996,593
213,764,146
38,715,301
41,931,990
46,629,657
46,732,365
74,035,709
91,282,782
125,102,948
124,117,525
61,305,777
53,255,035
86,083,430
85,981,742
456,204,000
439,806,787
475,187,554
729,375,091
15,439,010
15,066,429
16,366,441
18,474,554
13,487,962
16,289,152
22,866,186
24,637,581
16,807,889
21,510,085
25,854,936
29,428,423
91,453,224
120,940,542
139,334,691
125,701,569
178
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by State
State
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
26,253
388,060
1,287,450
835,250
1,246,330
2,863,797
1,722,366
484,374
59,449,924
76,200,740
59,534,639
60,061,811
5,759,441
7,116,838
15,598,603
14,015,833
8,313,207
7,293,705
7,175,323
6,569,558
1,951,405
2,767,122
3,585,185
3,114,358
1,942,900
2,353,523
2,147,974
2,802,249
109,452
49,964
59,301
3,533,503
794,917
898,677
1,449,600
2,755,230
4,589,080
4,450,476
3,291,391
3,992,911
5,702,276
6,195,155
11,116,773
17,688,766
14,691,959
13,984,528
15,342,787
15,907,775
Transfers Off-site
for Treatment
Disposal/Other
Pounds
12,408
8,459
12,358
13,682
66,566
209,897
377,831
122,215
35,652,428
54,014,520
57,144,888
54,853,179
46,850,720
51,480,443
46,252,325
58,255,280
4,390,959
3,921,405
4,852,277
7,297,474
46,587,973
11,246,276
6,731,425
4,285,528
14,496,038
22,756,601
25,271,554
33,675,587
13,367,857
15,008,696
20,256,097
13,708,868
1,565,481
1,367,804
1,479,325
1,322,107
2',787,870
3,250,404
3,964,388
5,424,732 .
7,505,270
13,036,581
17,599,739
20,809,642
45,734,338
61,707,808
78,067,382
88,218,943
Total
Transfers
Pounds
38,661
396,519
1,299,808
848,932
1,312,896
3,073,694
2,100,197
606,589
95,102,352
130,215,260
116,679,527
114,914,990
52,610,161
58,597,281
61,850,928
72,271,113
12,704,166
11,215,110
12,027,600
13,867,032
48,539,378
14,013,398
10,316,610
7,399,886
16,438,938
25,110,124
27,419,528
36,477,836
13,477,309
15,058,660
20,315,398
17,242,371
2,360,398
2,266,481
2,928,925
4,077,337
7,376,950
7,700,880
7,255,779
9,417,643
13,207,546
19,231,736
28,716,512
38,498,408
60,426,297
75,692,336
93,410,169
104,126,718
179
-------
Table 3-7. TRI Releases and Transfers by State, 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
State
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90 .
89
88
91
90
89
88
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
7,051,229
7,905,188
8,315,805
9,387,548
12,735,123
14,462,873
18,828,885
16,621,878
10,316,288
11,854,739
12,009,212
11,197,572
1,552,443 '
1,694,587
1,838,742
1,808,908
3,744,287
4,608,313
4,504,996
4,670,955
404,931
385,232
332,916
358,734
1,861,617
2,420,051
2,511,430
3,591,076
7,757,472
9,210,146
10,441,871
13,752,749
' 577,264
645,716
933,707
748,852
20,603,109
24,799,315
30,169,571
, 38,988,964
19,539,386
23,961,815
26,630,539
27,210,198
582,348
480,226
498,782
414,998
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
31,918,919
42,943,495
54,169,910
45,528,058
41,855,523
43^614,541
41/713,504
43,550,309
24,375,043
33,^90,546
36,630,432
39,[261,607
808,406
757,644
667,933
591,749
11,008,508
12,293,897
12,167,973
14,b28,262
536,444
360,351
353,870
345,442
3,406,944
5,711,057
8,479,423
8,[739,349
12,939,113
15,!870,002
20,750,187
25,312,116
1,575,004
1,914,747
1,888,845
1,384,496
43,244,474
50,498,537
56,627,563
62,239,393
62,511,217
65,771,123
68,578,811
71,976,237
1,214,279
991,151
843,185
857,891
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
838,399
852,479
1,379,110
2,735,819
2,173,830
2,326,808
3,159,711
2,340,307
1,230,337
1,518,922
1,262,363
1,941,032
147,484
105,448
106,325
125,124
385,629
492,995
265,960
309,718
250
251
1,150
250
44,361
254,248
153,016
522,963
493,103
468,982
859,772
1,417,400
9,992
14
5
505
1,656,018
1,615,704
. 1,775,014
2,072,805
781*249
1,358,581
905,313
700,561
79,557
4,349
6,006
4,903
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
147
0
0
48,371,556
40,396,040
43,303,000
46,806,563
0
20
0
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
35
0
0
1
105
0
2,950
750
20
5
5
38
150
250
251
0
75
0
0
0
0
0
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
1,432,241
1,685,250
1,484,535
3,138,268
5,607,296
5,240,230
8,555,481
9,001,495
23,819,521
22,709,602
27,561,492
39,489,639
38,533,803
40,095,720
36,448,609
32,910,857
395,026
70,168
131,070
56,737
2,435,160
2,547,192
2,284,722
1,841,221
38,328
106,210
61,882
429,118
547,020
1,008,967
3,107,032
2,871,740
37,670,985
37,621,753
31,011,089
28,830,402
1,742,280
1,752,836
2,137,908
3,036,560
23,599,855
33,049,152
25,801,567
16,838,821
22,750
87,307
77,395
35,312
Total
Releases
Pounds
41,240,788
53,386,559
65,349,360
60,789,693
110,743,328
106,040,492
115,560,581
118,320,552
59,741,189
69,873,829
77,463,499
91,890,350
41,042,136
42,653,399
39,061,609
35,436,638
15,533,450
17,465,373
17,069,999
19,065,672
3,376,785
3,293,026
2,972,658'
2,545,647
5,351,250
8,491,601
11,205,751
13,282,506
21,736,709
26,558,202
35,158,862
43,356,955
39,833,995
40,182,250
33,833,651
30,964,260
67,245,919
78,666,542
90,710,306
106,337,973
106,431,707
124,140,746
121,916,230
116,725,817
1,898,934
1,563,033
1,425,368
1,313,104
180
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by State
State
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska ,
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
4,834,426
5,899,016
4,974,000
6,069,834
1,199,161
1,325,737
1,313,343
1,504,135
26,110,492
30,335,005
76,495,021
67,045,211
10,650
30,042
29,646
1,312
1,295,342
1,366,041
1,000,112
901,304
8,612
15,417
14,919
20,611
451,079
398,540
736,185
496,102
44,198,915
56,729,052
61,603,003
55,340,497
90,891
69,185
119,352
35,871
11,311,327
12,912,681
15,094,632
23,071,486
5,460,747
5,853,543
5,629,794
6,814,934
108,820
308,242
67,154
52,832
Transfers Off-site
for Treatment
Disposal/Other
Pounds
3,106,783
4,357,752
13,694,748
6,237,589
2,540,590
3,735,222
4,339,003
8,205,384
8,402,227
9,503,171
11,594,712
14,444,283
235,041
343,162
18,456
50,510
7,980,958
7,116,088
4,848,821
4,342,939
57,617
141,776
311,640
639,906
2,031,830
1,356,748
2,312,043
2,205,161
19,887,817
31,875,627
30,376,618
69,611,609
118,140
271,641
220,449
262,045
14,952,194
24,315,020
27,225,796
49,336,133
11,631,278
10,968,098
13,438,470
19,431,809
44,329
43,027
78,854
157,287
Total
Transfers
Pounds
7,941,209
10,256,768
18,668,748
12,307,423
3,739,751
5,060,959
5,652,346
9,709,519
34,512,719
39,838,176
88,089,733
81,489,494
245,691
373,204
48,102
51,822
9,276,300
8,482,129
5,848,933
5,244,243
66,229
157,193
326,559
660,517
2,482,909
1,755,288
3,048,228
2,701,263
64,086,732
88,604,679
91,979,621
124,952,106
209,031
340,826
339,801
297,916
26,263,521
37,227,701
42,320,428
72,407,619
17,092,025
16,821,641
19,068,264
26,246,743
153,149
351,269
146,008
210,119
181
-------
Table 3-7. TRI Releases and Transfers by State] 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
State
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
32,048,213
37,360,146
45,228,891
43,610,363
5,311,446
6,295,032
7,527,234
9,621,157
4,903,260
5,040,206
5,809,042
7,411,661
27,962,670
33,079,306
34,292,931
39,858,771
8,559,550
8,430,074
7,628,455
' 8,426,837
2,668,378
2,962,669
3,587,518
4,084,786
17,174,418
19,380,892
23,538,701
19,392,489
376,644
491,662
485,310
699,139
53,077,465
54,785,580
57,108,168
55,380,750
77,667,764
84,727,274
98,179,772
98,751,942
4,930,336
5,357,893
5,283,385
4,808,210
287,770
266,538
335,440
436,225
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
65.601,743
78449,441
95|333,274
99i024,143
18^428,237
22,145,030
22^131,281
26.695,946
12>516,261
13^623,171
14,156,455
14f265,749
37,664,471
431356,200
47i,515,796
5li809,692
71400,753
8^148,574
6^176,890
5v819,108
lj.681,973
2^256,827
2i711,612
3^695,659
441345,732
48^638,175
48;875,207
481,451,049
2,254,629
21,417,558
2;745,664
11,830,288
851,429,953
92^795,323
1021962,628
9l[468,661
88^785,079
901970,588
98.324,250
1081570,165
69,417,654
100,807,690
1251,118,661
116,784,200
(611,615
671,353
[854,656
1,130,896
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
6,055,535
5,945,668
6,124,992
5,822,706
509,137
543,298
388,269
367,955
386,156
561,591
382,447
349,446
1,225,774
1,626,101
2,192,697
4,200,272
119,408
118,089
22,435
123,110
121,277
61,683
60,678
586,245
1,210,671-
1,112,528
1,204,616
1,396,249
9,038
44,867
55,115
2,400
3,622,533
5,014,150
5,964,926
6,317,715
2,889,746
4,528,451
6,032,735
5,551,496
120,656
278,735
255,590
330,471
44,250
91,158
136,713
113,308
Underground
Injection
Pounds
29,417,995
25,426,030
58,995,955
56,920,298
2,597,370
4,171,682
6,157,083
6,354,214
0
40
15
1
0
110
269
750
250
738
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
42
0
5
0
0
0
0
69,568,902
54,068,501
54,996,665
49,906,115
224,980,390
244,868,295
463,917,038
509,920,742
0
45
0
0
0
5
0
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
35,448,960
22,710,761
30,467,215
30,478,708
8,366,323
1,256,911
933,114
1,794,414
1,329,909
3,714,610
2,420,361
1,360,882
7,832,148
15,158,101
19,264,278
16,882,576
130,650
25,457
44,960
110,825
24,147
1,272
0
115,048
1,036,801
1,498,701
1,388,459
1,299,422
32,790
5,350
26
1
2,417,820
9,154,372
10,711,528
13,593,370
13,767,951
18,371,129
21,945,761
35,425,065
23,722,951
15,815,951
16,088,398
13,802,757
57,189
44,038
40,203
24,341
Total
Releases
Pounds
168,572,446
169,892,046
236,150,327
235,856,218
35,212,513
34,411,953
37,136,981
44,833,686
19,135,586
22,939,618
22,768,320
23,387,739
74,685,063
93,219,818
103,265,971
112,752,061
16,210,611
16,722,932
13,872,990
14,479,880
4,495,775
5,282,451
6,359,808
8,481,738
63,767,622
70,630,338
75,006,983
70,539,214
2,673,101
2,959,437
3,286,115
2,531,828
214,116,673
215,817,926
231,743,915
216,666,611
408,090,930
443,465,737
688,399,556
758,219,410
98,191,597
122,260,314
146,746,034
135,725,638
1,000,824
1,073,092
1,367,012
1,704,770
182
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers toy State
State
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
44,948,858
24,759,146
29,848,071
25,040,364
156,243
142,875
405,705
503,489
4,133,808
7,606,210
7,662,785
7,106,157
15,504,584
17,611,357
16,322,242
15,725,217
6,206,477
9,130,814
6,537,852
8,025,455
678,929
1,222,579
1,420,338
1,938,667
3,646,646
3,068,690
3,440,173
2,705,342
199,789
211,813
99,655
156,884
17,489,150
18,141,981
21r138,lll
25,890,881
29,966,874
38,953,083
37,205,646
40,404,206
572,267
895,732
785,013
959,543
35,707
43,208
77,588
72,761
Transfers Off-site
for Treatment
Disposal/Other
Pounds
67,326,457
78,539,531
111,430,006
121,368,194
14,966,735
14,000,529
11,021,701
11,831,845
4,993,912
2,615,141
3,129,585
5,457,647
50,945,109
72,603,108
68,748,987
88,878,277
8,439,487
6,255,357
7,039,214
5,119,728
1,086,849
1,823,709
2,873,105
4,582,828
10,139,585
20,065,970
21,964,554
18,660,474
95,547
403,526
596,307
402,034
24,587,394
16,136,042
22,248,318
18,631,735
78,446,924
78,475,263
86,130,766
82,437,497
3,243,279
88,114,454
2,030,474
2,113,261
707,198
442,042
576,764
811,150
Total
Transfers
Pounds
112,275,315
103,298,677
141,278,077
146,408,558
15,122,978
14,143,404
11,427,406
12,335,334
9,127,720
10,221,351
10,792,370
12,563,804
66,449,693
90,214,465
85,071,229
104,603,494
14,645,964
15,386,171
13,577,066
13,145,183
1,765,778
3,046,288
4,293,443
6,521,495
13,786,231
23,134,660
25,404,727
21,365,816
295,336
615,339
695,962
558,918
42,076,544
34,278,023
43,386,429
44,522,616
108,413,798
117,428,346
123,336,412
122,841,703
3,815,546
89,010,186
2,815,487
3,072,804
742,905
485,250
654,352
883,911
183
-------
Table 3-7. TRI Releases and Transfers by State, 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
State
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88,
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
794,692
831,913
502,680
748,330
17,022,639
22,182,500
23,297,587
23,035,001
10,280,094
11,755,397
12,563,087
11,125,544
9,957,591
12,017,866
12,413,553
15,028,571
7,994,142
10,529,127
11,747,181
12,901,793
927,092
929,939
747,972
1,144,667
609,765,664
706,748,307
793,597,781
823,738,542
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
315,396
' 380,552
656,722
742,462
49,265,438
55,634,531
58,656,245
102,160,981
15,642,749
16,695,661
16,049,022
18,576,430
i
16,556,035
18,774,469
22,034,923
21,911,772
i
28,834,891
32,^81,623
31,778,426
33,559,227
1
. i
1,950,915
3,757,882
2,911,530
1,746,397
1,369,580,314
1,575,954,848
1,768,596,839
1,842,370,656
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
394,318
195,751,
1,190
2,500
2,248,100
2,156,157
10,589,918
19,991,274
4,355,670
12,171,507
15,652,467
13,605,780
1,436,221
2,103,173
2,894,032
3,860,049
712,079
496,185
304,155
505,970
106,175
120,097
82,173
42,050
243,497,317
196,832,760
188,025,233
311,070,591
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
854
0
1,373
5
35
0
0
0
5
0
0
25
103
250
250
8,652,092
6,818,227
14,125,832
27,113,559
710,248,004
745,413,562
1,175,583,836
1,343,633,468
Releases
to Land
Pounds
15,610
75,224
113,643
140,342
2,022,165
2,542,483
2,952,502
6,280,413
155,576
614,068
420,913
914,274
354,546
7,922,628
10,183,610
895,363
2,323,987
3,445,949
4,222,721
6,919,656
166,710
328,087
192,699
15,274,367
421,160,113
462,679,392
455,029,001
527,546,722
Total
Releases
Pounds
1,520,016
1,483,440
1,274,235
1,633,634
70,558,342
82,516,525
95,496,252
151,469,042
30,434,094
41,236,668
44,685,489
44,222,028
28,304,393
40,818,141
47,526,118
41,695,755
39,865,124
46,952,987
48,052,733
53,886,896
11,802,984
11,954,232
18,060,206
45,321,040
3,354,251,412
3,687,628,869
4,380,832,690
4,848,359,979
184
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by State
State
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
0
0
0
0
20,831,063
17,333,177
35,089,054
37,856,487
383,111
1,386,880
805,063
978,070
1,840,047
3,074,249
3,423,255
3,536,369
7,528,295
12,794,507
17,005,039
21,331,783
173,115
4,670
250
10,350
410,596,887
466,123,084
558,575,158
574,045,380
Transfers Off-site
for Treatment
Disposal/Other
Pounds
173
13,200
0
0
4,815,575
8,253,784
11,413,171
13,390,977
2,577,085
3,656,990
4,909,330
7,497,559
5,297,316
12,350,080
11,660,135
19,873,750
16,989,630
18,515,015
35,353,799
27,051,531
' 3,552
26,222
17,418
128,583
654,313,983
842,451,834
890,356,058
1,028,111,605
Total
Transfers
Pounds
173
13,200
0
0
25,646,638
25,586,961
46,502,225
51,247,464
2,960,196
5,043,870
5,714,393
8,475,629
7,137,363
15,424,329
15,083,390
23,410,119
24,517,925
31,309,522
52,358,838
48,383,314
176,667
30,892
17,668
138,933
1,064,910,870
1,308,574,918
1,448,931,216
1,602,156,985
185
-------
-------
THE 1991 TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY
PUBLIC DATA RELEASE
1988-1991
Releases and Transfers
by Chemical
187
-------
I
^ TR1 Data Section |
4BB
Table 3-8.
CAS
Number
75-07-0
60-35-5
67-64-1
75-05-8
107-02-8
79-06-1
79-10-7
107-13-1
107-05-1
7429-90-5
60-09-3
92-67-1
7664-41-7
Releases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered).
Chemical
Acetaldehyde
Acetamide
Acetone
Acetonitrile
f
Acrolein
Aciylamide
Aciylic acid
Acrylonitrile
Ally! chloride
Aluminum (fume or dust)
4-Aminoazobenzene
4-Aminobiphenyl
Ammonia
Fugitive or Stack or
Nonpoint Air Point Air
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Emissions Emissions
Pounds
Pounds
2,323,247 4,757,670
2,389,070 4,801,983
2,504,288 5,347,859
2,530,858 4,119,010
.10 25
12 23
6 0
(
84,674,68-;
0
75,522,340
93,785,012 96,529,032
103,989,300 103,499,813
98,810,786 110,328,285
743,749 623,983
866,270 868,372
707,62? 811,057
1,340,588 786,151
8,179
20,321
5,816" 16,213
7,582 12,743
17,352
60,668
42,156
18,685
17,298
16,300
3,496
6,959
6,811
8,721
232,485; 178,113
228,335
165,533
585,041
203,144
192,740
215,005
520,853 1,668,036
642,530 2,507,222
794,799
995,505
155,176
169,368
98,802
93,911
523,990
613,958
1,088,106
1,225,523
0
0
0
0
3,592,668
3,200,760
24,977
36,656
76,801
55,558
4,210,547
1,700,290
1,986,345
2,454,256
l
1
0
0
Of 0
0
0
0| 1
0
46,929,186
53,879,029
10
141,696,062
156,281,750
62,003,124 191,187,502'
54,089,229 199,433,416
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
75,314
83,040
69,472
84,236
5
5
250
0
1,206,217
1,288,958
1,021,694
1,149,331
20,396
10,726
91,616
42,223
7
5
0
0
4,635
3,814
7,379
3,124
712
43,888
10,701
16,646
1,959
3,892
4,242
5,874
5
135
364
430
56,841
56,805
78,857
91,518'
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
41,137,132
44,053,651
24,343,822
24,769,396
Underground
Injection
Pounds
2,328,187
1,963,498
1,924,529
2,219,105
0
0
0
0
3,463,348
4,688,469
4,526,483
3,117,741
19,090,831
19,445,260
18,033,180
16,739,010
205,898
103,059
67,637
68,950
4,594,900
4,214,305
4,430,980
2,198,000
18,923,000
21,525,000
18,728,000
22,262,010
4,732,983
4,925,276
5,790,548
4,562,713
145
1,200
1,250
250
0
10
0
250
440
510
353
537.
4
11
9
4
240,682,883
265,671,125
84,456,152
55,697,844
Releases
to Land
Pounds
37,904
29,665
30,764
194,951
0
0
0
0
, 466,862
215,992
264,044
376,439
5,620
248
1,250
1,790
0
5
80
500
1,500
545
992
756
94
94,334
2,009
15,950
13,293
268
4,712
2,150
0
0
250
200
1,420,310
1,314,181
3,568,818
3,177,625
0.
0
0
0
0
- 0
0
0
14,763,305
17,868,381
8,267,968
14,204,960
Total
Releases
Pounds
9,522,322
9,267,256
9,876,912
9,148,160
40
40
250
0
165,333,451
196,507,463
213,301,334
213,782,582
20,484,579
21,190,876
19,644,732
18,909,762
234,405
125,098
88,042
103,102
4,665,199
'4,267,779
4,464,847
2,227,899
19,334,404
22',094,701
19,098,983
23,094,652
6,937,124
8,079,188
10,186,969
8,767,002
180,303
207,359
177,467
150,349
6,211,688
3,685,244
6,722,126
6,949,172
441
511
353
537
4
11
10
14
485,208,568
537,753,936
370,258,568
348,194,845
188
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
Acetaldehyde
Acetamide
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Acrolein
Aciylamide
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
i
Allyl chloride
Aluminum (fiune or dust)
4-Aminoazobenzene
4-Aminobiphenyl
Ammonia
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
153,583
155,435
323,000
160,438
29,000
0
0
0
14,475,090
12,625,027
13,281,813
14,103,287
581,095
825,013
950,278
600,450
0
5
250
250
95,578
37,105
33,136
13,540
47,439
128,172
31,441
23,262
297,197
342,107
787,803
955,739
11,754
6,459
11,144
14,900
13,271
28,531
20,990
15,424
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
96,492,357
82,739,725
31,325,498
25,729,688
Transfers Off-site
for Treatment/
Disposal/Other
Pounds
251,760
170,664
204,884
187,173
2,638
0
0
250
13,946,649
22,690,149
36,56 1',102
34,135,494
2,690,832
1,726,365
4,859,899
4,402,814
16
108
51
250
44,405
67,306
137,799
112,040
413,182
270,667
214,6i9
243,053
2,056,077
862,489
1,310,242
1,097,960
302,628
234,000
168,476
209,075
6,182,302
14,814,721
16,862,508
22,516,087
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
12,012,520
10,361,731
7,505,719
6,272,720
Total
Transfers
Pounds
405,343
326,099
527,884
347,611
31,638
0
0
250-
28,421,739
35,315,176
49,842,915
48,238,781
3,271,927
2,551,378
5,810,177
5,003,264
16
113
301
500
139,983
104,411
170,935
125,580
460,621
398,839
246,060
266,315
2,353,274
1,204,596
2,098,045
2,053,699
314,382
240,459
179,620
223,975
6,195,573
' 14,843,252
16,883,498
22,531,511
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
108,504,877
93,101,456
38,831,217
32,002,408
189
-------
TRI Data Section
Table 3-8. Releases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
Number
6484-52-2
7783-20-2
62-53-3
90-04-0
104-94-9
120-12-7
7440-36-0
7440-38-2
1332-21-4
7440-39-3
98-87-3
55-21-0
71-43-2
Chemical
Ammonium nitrate
(solution)
Ammonium sulfate
(solution)
Aniline
o-Anisidine
p-Anisidine
Anthracene
Antimony
Arsenic
Asbestos (friable)
Barium
Benzal chloride
Benzamide
Benzene
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
'89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
89
88
91
90
89
88
Fugitive or Stack or
Nonpoint Air Point Air
Emissions Emissions
Pounds Pounds
55,453 1,978,009
381,632 2,352,022
897,324; 2,503,543
419,038 2,527,869
19,639 265,457
18,868 355,717
53,284 839,427
313,237
482,350
130,452' 496,579
214,274 266,511
231,107; 257,433
323,900 388,869
765
260
500 1,341
750 , 1,298
501
5
5
1,792
8
10
0; 4
0 10
25,778 29,716
27,320 38,745
41,501
146,428
53,449
55,935
3,964 17,300
6,819
14,113
11,039
3,836
1,969
5,257
2,858
5,610
45,242
84,391
59,377
3,734
3,877
52,643
5,329
6,952
6,626 12,645
11,300; 29,449
11,038
94,605
49,824
198,349
174,401
1,550
1,744
5,450
5,252
250
38,422
21,806
32,008
94,577
92,410
11
11
6
6
250
250 | 250
9,971,308 7,503,182
14,516,266 10,686,871
15,045,660
11,694,181
20,235,191 11,027,298
Surface Water
Discharges
Pounds
7,808,136
7,625,032
8,853,857
8,436,598
7,592,647
9,186,613
68,551,944
71,838,665
26,801
36,008
14,844
16,105
187
141
4,949
285
5
5
250
250
1,158
1,360
2,316
4,382
1,223
5,219
3,533
11,178
940
1,640
1,754
1,282
252
515
1,050
10,699
5,093
54,102
26,048
18,650
0
0
0
0
250
250
26,896
24,524
169,274
46,998
Underground
Injection
Pounds
32,736,428
39,757,210
44,738,000
67,941,000
7,523,816 .
5,221,976
461,238,592
520,144,631
1,603,259
2,471,752
3,243,543
3,582,975
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
120
165
440
2,100
0
10
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
250
834,242
689,066
668,610
825,035
Releases
to Land
Pounds
8,426,270
4,168,730
7,550,275
15,902,204
2,106,747
2,939,819
15,529,173
13,422,824
1,068
3,099
11,655
12,822
3,800
250
2,570
250
0
0
0
250
. 2,433
4,806
17,342
11,106
5,745
182,272
557,336
903,916
1,734,513
50,530
147,616
181,267
585,676
437,282
1,073,901
2,111,880
261,262
362,509
2,762,027
6,721,686
0
0
0
0
0
0
111,928
722,486
120,355
127,920
Total
Releases
Pounds
51,004,296
54,284,626
64,542,999
95,226,709
17,508,306
17,722,993
546,212,420
606,201,707
2,258,159
2,991,644
3,758,582
4,324,671
5,012
2,232
9,567
2,828
18
20
254
510
59,085
72,231
114,608
217,851
28,352
239,717
659,813
987,610
1,743,023
58,026
207,270
190,736
598,490
457,073
1,115,700
2,172,039
, 382,766
498,453
3,081,001
7,007,147
1,561
1,755 "
5,456
5,258
1,000
1,000
18,447,556
26,639,213
27,698,080
32,262,442
190
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
Ammonium nitrate
(solution)
Ammonium sulfate
(solution)
Aniline
o-Anisidine
p-Anisidine
Anthracene
Antimony
Arsenic
Asbestos (friable)
Barium
Benzal chloride
Benzamide
Benzene
fear
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
38
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
89
88
91
90
89
88
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
5,984,399
7,441,267
6,924,275
7,678,062
42,154,207
62,664,033
201,593,642
187,982,629
1,306,755
1,706,763
1,811,082
2,106,510
3,395
5,610
3,038
768
8
5
0
0
597
18,427
20,111
20,419
3,228
10,587
35,284
40,228
566
1,034
2,051
1,928
1,707
4,652
41,252
68,148
84381
13,083
26,301
205,209
0
5
0
0
0
0
613,449
634,025
1,107,975
1,135,172
Transfers Off-site
for Treatment/
Disposal/Other
Pounds
39,795,235
1,582,930
1,597,638
2,211,859
7,110,010
4,111,471
3,400,733
4,667,266
457,152
702,812
1,381,047
830,567
81
99
1,250
3
0
0
0
0
149,632
860,733
255,089
279,187
531,980
397,133
389,195
551,858
624,613
371,410
237,091
63,969
5,567,813
9,035,967
7,050,377
13,186,642
628,569
496,508
1,356,109
1,765,596
0
37,000
280,000
103,186
750
750
1,799,039
2,221,216
1,839,858
2,295,959
Total
Transfers
Pounds
45,779,634
9,024,197
8,521,913
9,889,921
49,264,217.
66,775,504
204,994,375
192,649,895
1,763,907
2,409,575
3,192,129
2,937,077
3,476
5,709
4,288
771
8
5
0
0
150,229
879,160
275,200 ,
299,606
535,208
407,720
424,479
592,086
625,179
372,444 '
239,142
65,897
5,569,520
9,040,619
7,091,629
13,254,790
712,950
509,591
1,382,410
1,970.805
0
37,005
280,000
103,186
750
750
2,412,488
2,855,241
2,947,833
3,431,131
191
-------
TRI Data Section
Table 3-8. Releases and Transfers of AH TRI Chemicals, 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
Number
98-07-7
98-88-4
94-36-0
100-44-7
7440-41-7
92-52-4
11 1-44-4
542-88-1
108-60-1
103-23-1
75-25-2
74-83-9
106-99-0
Chemical
Benzoic trichloride
Benzoyl chloride
Benzoyl peroxide
Benzyl chloride
Beryllium
Biphenyl
Bis(2-chloroethyl)
ether
Bis(chloromethyl) ether
Bis(2-chloro-l-methyl-
ethyl)ether
Bis(2-cthylhexyl)
adipate
Bromoform
Bromomethane
1.3-Butadiene
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Ai
Emissions
Pounds
7,686
8,310
24,833
24,542
23,446
17,667
31,243
Stack or
: Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
261
25
442
421
3,420
5,657
3,830
28,295' 4,719
6481 1,656
12,922! 1,708
3,2771 1,547
4,063 2,231
18,189
26,024
18,777
30,689
6
9
253
550
677,182
764,465
763,227
628,891
2,950
3,206
3.637
8,934
7,521
8,841
12,640
1,372
1,366
1,642-
2,213
183,323
369,678
330,168
579,696
594
573
1,251
4,322 600
2: 572
3' 360
1 2
1 0
2.090 , 1.520
3.800 2,430
751 i '2,608
340 ' 809
, 69,541 ! 73.183
42,123' . 92,831
36.862
25,789
150
48.205
0
0
50,034
66,788
0
0
0
0
404,146 ! 2,041,449
404,981 2,093,262
339,603 i 2,583,261
513,244
2,050,374
- 3,094,370
1,726,918
1,900,003
2,068.264
3,553,473 i 2,277,299
3,929,376 ? 2.953.834
Surface Water
Discharges
Pounds
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
5
5
1,000
0
15'
265
251
640
101
42
122
74
18,700
21,394
42,685
68,493
0
83
1,552
1,351
0
0
0
0
1,800
12,000
12.000
30,000
50
6,919
2,453
10,440 "
0
0
0
8.600
0
0
0
0
5,049
111,234
143,434
522,504
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
67,501
168,200
130.000
0
5
0
5,350
20
315
400
0
0
0
0
0
47,318
63,214
72,993
82,760
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.900
0
0
0
1,000
28.000
66,525
1,546
0
1,605
1,500
1,500
Releases
to Land
Pounds
0
' 0
0
0
250
260
550 .
250
13,205
16,025
19,500
36,050
0
270
500
500
29,023
6,517
31,522
37,000
30,162
35,552
44,115
222,297
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
. 0
0
81,715
19,798
65,765
1,200
0
72,000
0
, 0
0
0
0
0
8,881
6,428
14,823
7.817
Total
Releases
Pounds
7,947
8,335
25,275
24,963
' 27,121
91,085
203,823
163,264
15,514
30,665
25,324
47,694
27,158
34,395
28,769
44,469
30,502
7,934
33,539
39,837
956,685
1,254,303
1,253,188
1,582,137
3,544
: 3,862
' 6,440
6,273
' 574
363
3
1'
5,410
18,230
15,359
31,149
224,489
161,671
155,114
104,217
2,050
120,205
0
8,600
2,446,595
2,526,243
2.989,389
2,241,708
3,964,307
5,281,901
5,990,529
7,415,031
192
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
Benzole trichloride
Benzoyl chloride
BenzoyI peroxide
Benzyl chloride
Beryllium
Biphenyl
Bis(2-chloroethyl)
ether
Bis(chloromethyl) ether
Bis(2-chloro-l-methyl-
ethyl)ether
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)
adipate
Bromoform
Bromomethane
1,3-Butadiene
fear
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
0
5
0
0
230
1,353
200
180
"17,192
48,028
73,463
69,946
28,749
45450
52,101
41,553
0
0
0
4
782,600
1,085,443
890,702
1,446,610
15;841
31,791
24,829
9,621
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20,155
32,437
58,338
49,659
0
0
0
0
0
552,160
0
0
. 11,650
14,383
29,072
44,874
Transfers Off-site
for Treatment/
Disposal/Other
Pounds
0
90
4,117
22^72
493,270
640,743
434442
360,969
68,052
16427
151,766
. 62454
73,256
280,212
19427
98,847
117,827
1,371
1,209
3,158
224,197
407,609
366,521
478,363
447,600
20,697
22,024
27,265
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
247,685
208,932
269,107
206,706
99450
0
0
0
335
2,821
0
0
137,747
161,844'
410,419
366,187
Total
Transfers
Pounds
0
95
4,117
22,572
493400
642,096
434,742
361,149
85,244
64,555
225,229
132400
102,005
325,762
71,628
140,400
117,827
1,371
1,209
3,162
1,006,797
1,493,052
1,257,223
1,924,973
463,441
' 52,488
46,853
36,886
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
267,840
241,369
327,445
256,365
99450
0
0
0
335
554,981
. 0
0
149,397
176,227
439,491
411,061
193
-------
1
TRI Data Section |
Table 3-8. Releases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
Number
141-32-2
71-36-3
78-92-2
75-65-0
85-68-7
106-88-7
123-72-8
569-64-2
989-38-8
1937-37-7
2S32-40-8
81-88-9
3118-97-6
,97-56-3
842-07-9
Chemical
Butyl aciylate
n- Butyl alcohol
sec-Butyl alcohol
ten-Butyl alcohol
Butyl benzyl phthalate
1,2-Butylene oxide
Butyraldehyde
C.I. Basic Green 4
CI. Basic Red 1
C.I. Direct Black 38
C.I. Disperse Yellow 3
CJ. Food Red 15
C.I. Solvent Orange 7
CI. Solvent Yellow 3
CJ. Solvent Yellow 14
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91'
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
89
91
90
89
88
91
90 -
89
88
'89
91
90
89
88
90
89
88
Fugitive or Stack or
NonpointAir. Point Air
Emissions Emissions
Pounds Pounds
151,3551 141,386
138,216
121,041
165,197
6,977,261
6,889,955
7,912,542
8,487,649
228,025
167,165
191,540
246,676
22,741,844
26^83,892
28,995,065
28,956,465
409,563
206,618 [ 492,363
359,589
394^01
622,727
695,295
760,910 424,781
1,275,366
1,030,715
1,206,290
109,517
41,458
54,204
45,407
48,928
54,696
68,234
34,973
165,671
211,784
' 412,448
767,404
6
9
500
500
0
0
250
250
336
364
359
398
0
0
250
250
0
0
0
0
250
0
250
0
341,050
428,456
366,697
192,762
185,209
219,732
245,853
10,836
24,769
51,445
64,958
267,829
350,687
1,195,898
2,241,388
6
7
250
250
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
250
0
Surface Water
Discharges
Pounds
1,273
29,071
6,400
3,528
257,497
323,550
943,657
1.27,610
4,486
4,315
6,411
122,291
129,510
271,265
221,906
14,989
1,177
925
1,028
802
3,490
4,625
4,139
3,500
575
3,423
4,297
3,812
14
250
250
0
0
0
0
0
26
26
24
302
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
2
10
4,382,276
3,529,441
1,414,104
3,006,660
170,000
171,484
0
0
827,562
995,382
724,537
674,798 '
0
260
250
480
0
0
0
0
144,427
1,937
7,562
1,997
0
0
0
0
0
' 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
55
68
462
602
107,321
97,838
109,200
175,791
14
51
307
2,600
497
24,962
23,110
818
75,866
9,774
8,324
16,682
5
5
0
250
28
371
278
31
0
0
250
0
375
0
0.
0
782
843
846
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
Releases
Pounds
294,069
334,520
319,445
416,013
34,466,199
37,224,676
39,374,568
40,754,175
812,088
874,831
989,034
1,214,687
2,143,260
2,908,025
2,428,724
2,263,592
379,322
237,626
283,538
309,224
63,259
84,095
123,818
103,681
578430
568,202
1,620,483
3,014,632
26
266
1,250
750
375
0
250
500
1,144
1,233
1,229
700
1
2
250
250
0
5
5
0
250
0
500
0
194-
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
Butyl aery late.
n-Butyl alcohol
sec-Butyl alcohol
tert-Butyl alcohol
Butyl benzyl phthalate
1,2-Butylene oxide
Butyraldehyde
C.I. Basic Green 4
C.I. Basic Red 1
C.I. Direct Black 38
C.I. Disperse Yellow 3
C.I.FoodRedl5
C.I. Solvent Orange 7
C.I. Solvent Yellow 3
C.I. Solvent Yellow 14
rear
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90'
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
89
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
89
91
90
89
88
90
89
88
Transfers Off-site
Transfers for Treatment/
to POTWs Disposal/Other
Pounds Pounds
138,351
127,398
20,536
34,604
2,208,281
4,239,917
5.694,054
4,524,863
14,464
9,991
14,563
41,108
1,339,777
1,792,590
1,5 13,361
1439,726
40,364
87492
56,782
44,235
5
250
250
0
260,475
350,893
392,052
371,633
18,132
1,006
1,492
1,320
0
0
0
0
0
250
250
0
1,400
270
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
750
. 0
53,834
130,325
664,022
604,685
3,673,535
6,070,691
5,437.997
8,180,445
28,939
73,105
129,700
230,727
1,113.558
472,509
488,133
495.275
457,747
876,604
914,323
1,066,747
907
8,185
585
1,148
2,471
4,082
220,498
123.938
2,494
500
1
250
375
0
0
250
125
219
63
899
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
/ 0
*0
250
0
Total
Transfers
Pounds
192,185
257,723
684458
639.289
5.881.816
10,310,608
11.132,051
12.705.308
43,403
83,096
144,263
271,835
'2,453,335
2,265,099
2,001,494
2,035.001
498,111
964,196
971,105
1,110,982
912
8,435
835
1,148
262.946
354,975
612,550
495,571
20,626
1406
1.493
1,570
375
0
0
250
125
469
313
899 '
1,400
270
0
0
0
10
5
0
0
0
1.000
0
195
-------
1
TRI Data Section
Table 3-8. Fteleases and Transfers of All TRI Chjemicals, 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued
CAS
Number Chemical
7440-43-9 Cadmium
156-62-7 Calcium cyanamide
133-06-2 Captan
63-25-2 Carbaryl
75-15-0 Carbon disulfide
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
463-58-1 Carbonyl sulfide
120-80-9 Catechol
133-90-4 Chloramben
t
57-74-9 Chlordane
7782-50-5 Chlorine
10049-04-4 Chlorine dioxide
79-11-8 Chloroacetic acid
'
532-27-4 2-Chloroacetophenone
Fugitive or Stack or
Year
91
90
89 ,
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
Nonpoint Ah- Point Air
Emissions! Emissions
Pounds
Pounds
1,857 3,091
5,371 12,434
12^36 23,436
9300 13,130
12,000 625
12,000 620
12,000 620
12,000 600
1,883 5,233
1,783
17,469
3,7621 21,460
4,066 10,803
2,022
2,292
3,303
2,515
4,825
6,166
6;778
5,408
2,626,842| 86,712,281
3,333,87l| 95,092,808
3,233,664| 96,955,438
3439,2551 120,974,449
' 1
528,100 1,018,701
419,001 1,320,225
943.133J 2,507,116
1,081,552 2,695,101
5,627
12,249
9,023
7,643
4,035
2,772
2,748
2,388
5
0
250
1,248
4,244
3,617
2,695
1,715,251
2,064,481
2,258,461
4,706,728
146,153
134,215
139,311
1,277,546
66,762
20,650
20,616
21,660
1
16,719,541
18,622,615
18,417,583
20,175,429
1,751
25,260
1,214
1,201
5
0
1,168
179
178
136
3
75,894,219
102,786,953
130,521,336
129,402,266
3,816,182
5,136,299
6,885,697
12,076,241
446,920
4,754
4,229
5,159
1
Surface Water
Discharges
Pounds
661
1,380
2,746
2,598
0
, 0
0
0
260
505 .
500
750
260
505
750
877
58,634
40,579
33,105
39,501
2,844
4,718
15,656
15,627
0
0
772
750
254,267
232,760
312,295
400,760
0
0
. , 25°
1
1
4
4
696,282
1,272,770
2,400,165
6,615,485
13,760
785
1,250
2,350
1,696
1,691
1,524
850
0
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
4,500
5,500
5,000
5,100
0
0
0
0
2,835
3,900
16,600
13,400
42,470
31457
122,043
98,054
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4,262
72452
73,894
469,857
107,624
0
15
0
0
0
0
10
10
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
2,753
91,792
103,163
94,602
40,005
40,000
3,600
66,000
260
505
500
1,000
1,170
48,755
33,952
500
260
505
508
43,436
2,152
1,005
1,616
14,759
0
0 -
0
. 0
,86,600
84,216
84438
84,283
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
119,630
250491
291,386
428,097
120
20
0
41,000
123,675
0
0
0
0
Total
Releases
Pounds
8,362
110,987
141,681
119,630
52,630
52,620
16,220
78,600
12,136
25,762
31,222
21,719
8,277
57,718
44,783
. 9,300
89,400,852
98,471,663
100,239^15
124,210,041
1494,267
1,776,506
3489,564
3,905,093
16,725,168
18,634,864
18,427378
20,183,822
346,653
345,008
400,795
488,632
10
o
1,668
1,428
4 491
^,*t^.j
3,757
6,964
78,497,934
106,448,689
135,941,205
141,260,200
3,976,215
5,271,334
7,026,258
13397,137
639,053
27,095
26379
27,679
2
196
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
Cadmium
Calcium cyanamide
Captan
Caibaiyl
Carbon disulfide
Carbon tetrachloride
Carbonyl sulfide
Catechol
'"
Chloramben
Chlordane
Chlorine
Chlorine dioxide
Chloroacetic acid
2-Chloroacetophenone
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
260,309
4,813
8,489
7,894
0
0
0
0
255
255
350
250
o
0
14
171
193,658
121,882
132,535
159,369
621
42,050
3,841
5,014
0
0
0
0
237,081
336,096
270,614
245,399
0
0
0
69
99
37
23
964,055
1,213,113
2,713,363
3,169,020
14,783
1,586
2,250
2,650
3,279
1,785
9,717
10,727
0
Transfers Off-site
for Treatment/
Disposal/Other
Pounds
738,486
235,276
279,274
219,670
0
' 0
0
0
16,503
16,771
16,695
13,695
15,969
15,448
14,610
33,780
335,374
244,231
173,493
212,788
980,569
1,082,188
1,716,813
1,350,511
0
0
0
0
114,297
246,537
238,233
105,088
15,591
0
1,159
292
523
3,099
80,809
499,024
675,573
3,147,885
3,999,038
0
5
750
41,750
6,381
6,768
4,096
9,406
0
Total
Transfers
Pounds
998,795
240,091
287,763
227,564
0 '
0
0
0
16,758
17,026
17,045
13,945
15,969
15,448
14,624
33,951
529,032
366,113
306,028
372,157
981,190
1,124,238
1,720,654
1,355,525
0
0
0
0
351,378
582,633
508,847
350,487
15,591
0
1,159
361
622
3,136
80,832
1,463,079
1,888,686
5,861,248
7,168,058
14,783
1,591
3,000
44,400
9,660
8,553
13,813
20,133
0
197
-------
TRI Data Section |
Table 3-8. Raleases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
Number
108-90-7
75-00-3
67-66-3
74-87-3
107-30-2
126-99-8
1897-45-6
7440-47-3
7440-48-4
7440-50-8
120-71-8
1319-77-3
108-39-4
Chemical
Chlorobenzene
Chloroethane
Chloroform
Chloromethane
Chloromethyl methyl
ether
Chloroprcne
Qilorothalonil
Cliromium
Cobalt
Copper
p-Cresidine
Cresol (mixed isomers)
m-Cresol
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Fugitive or
NonpointAi
Emissions
Pounds
Stack or
r Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
. 1,228,868 1,167,233
1,845,339 2,205,033
1,523,319| 2,523,230
2,032,791
2,533,096
1,397,2121 1,466,057
1,896,919
2,196,786
2,146,014
2,693,306
2,060,779 2,962,563
7,660,997 11,421,891
8,388,150
14,138,445
8,872,690 16,841,084
. 7,566,776 17,469,790
1,431,983' 4,266,748
1,992,361
2,945,506
3,431,488
30
35
34
33
103,489
159,397
211,913
234,228
5,847,270
6,883,819
8,904,962
3,305
3,300
3,202
3,000
1,367,033
1,401,702
1,576,948
1,713,780
1,921 1,330
2,786 9,668
19,715
9,782
19,455 9,021
450,919 105,487
255,076 166,519
778,978- 164,040
357,706 201,802
29,787 42,134
16,823 21,113
32,755 I 18,643
18,776 17,552
408,618
444,458
867,587
317,559
160
2,607
864,627
830,345
772,122
1,197,902
68
83
977 i 1,233
5,400 1,680
349,690 391,758
388,918 354,051
419,031 478,713
400,427 378,672
66,736 11,098
4,193 3,915
4,825 7,776
5,860 12,572
Surface Water
Discharges .
Pounds
5,165
72,893
62,551
98,354
16,078
35,997
71,749
27,448
769,569
1,005,860
1,177,743
1,126,484
101,838
144,397
108,639
115,985
0
0
0
0
2
756
9
287
13
9
252
250
17,289
40,249
68,638
74,810
4,289
8,858
14,165
16,743
56,040
56,907
99,820
115,509
5
0
250
250
3,661
2,390
7,601
6,500
445
0
45
283
Underground
Injection
Pounds
177,032
49,406
82,969
84,457
300
110
150
1,510
65,089
89,560
64,338
36,002
192,600
199,605
180,250
165,250
0
0
0
0
71,000
140,000
158,183
68,792
0
0
0
0
531
85
693
2,249
0
0
0
0
14,011
22,351
31,894
15,651
0
0
0
0
749,531
1,724,529
2,069,891
1,804,060
560,000
0
0
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
1,534
4,267
6,609
4,127
10
93
0
0
22,150
57,924
70,265
68,546 '
0
92,260
0
0
0
0
0
0
137,011
750
0
0
0
0
1
0
1,155,527
2,726,042
3,366,458
9,295,079
13,706
35.Q08
237,431
213,204
15,439,598
11,421,385
10,047,157
10,468,235
250
250
250
750
2,528
3,946
2,415
4,762
10
0
0
455
Total
Releases
Pounds
2,579,832
4,176,938
4,198,678
4,752,825
2,879,657
4,079,133
4,961,991
5,052,300
19,939,696 '
23,679,939
27,026,120
26,267,598
5,993,169
8,275,893
10,118,214
12,617,685
3,335
3,335
3,236
3,033
1,678,535
1,702,605
1,947,053
2,017,087
3,264
12,463
29,750
28,726
1,729,753
3,187,971
4,378,807
9,931,646
89,916
81,802
302,994
266,275
16,782,894
12,775,446
11,818,580
12,114,856
483
2,940
2,710
8,080
1,497,168
2,473,834
2,977,651
2,594,421
638,289
8,108
12,646
19,170
198
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
Chlorobenzene
Chloroethane
Chloroform
Chloromethane
Chloromethyl methyl
ether
Chloroprene
Chlorothalonil
Chromium
Cobalt
Copper
p-Cresidine
Cresol (mixed isomers)
m-Cresol
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Transfers Off-site
Transfers for Treatment/
to POTWs Disposal/Other
Pounds Pounds
15,346 3,874,516
148,728 3,747,131
312,398 4,074,606
578,774 5,043,055
5 310,731
21,010 438,611
250 397,113
0 460,559
809,427 1,827,299
802,260 1,321,726
1,101,731 865,533
1,226,573 1,369,922
.73,961 2,811,031
47,316 130,668
159,077 94,868
54,223 104,432
0 . 35
0 0
0 0
0 0
35,000 171,586
60,194 177,765
41,000 35,455
62,000 18,749
293 210,950
755 204,127
1,004 316,841
541 399,934
396,151 6,587,976
163,429 19,735,291
320,980 14,213,624
417,722 17,250,258
9,878 596,216
8,175 270,801
12,106 273,439
8,843 232,016
414,699 15,594,827
156,443 14,514,304
197,288 14,940,599
311,247 19,351,474
18,368 2,681
18,750 0
25,750 10,300
37)750 4,700
18,356 259,436
57,073 651,295
78,305 728,393
358,242 1,339,779
11,918 62,909
7,439 14,746
15,588 55,715
7,165 139,240
Total
Transfers
Pounds
3,889,862
3,895,859
4,387,004
5,621,829
310,736
459,621
397,363
460,559
2,636,726
2,123,986
1,967,264
2,596,495
2,884,992
177,984
253,945
158,655
35
0
0
0
206,586
237,959
76,455
80,749
211,243
204,882
317,845
400',475
6,984,127
19,898,720
14,534,604
17,667,980
606,094
278,976
285,545
240,859
16,009,526
14,670,747
15,137,887
19,662,721
21,049
18,750
36,050
42,450
277,792
708,368
806,698
1,698,021
74,827
22,185
71,303
146,405
199
-------
1
TR1 Data Section |
Table 3-8. Fleleases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
Number Chemical
95-48-7 o-Cresol
106-44-5 p-Crcsol
98-82-8 Cumene
80-15-9 Cumene hydroperoxide
135-20-6 Cupferron
110-82-7 Cyclohexane
94-75-7 2,4-D (acetic acid)
1163-19-5 Decabromodiphenyl oxide
615-05-4 2,4-DiaminoanisoIe
39156-41-7 2,4-Diaminoanisole
sulfate
101-80-4 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl
ether
25376-45-8 Diaminotoluene
(mixed isomers)
95-80-7 2,4-Diaminotoluene
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Fugitive ojr Stack or
Nonpolnt Air Point Air
Emissions Emissions
Pounds Pounds
29,463 31,802
20,82^ 18,322
38,01;
45,56:
45,34!
5 21,653
i 44,236
! 90,329
8,262 230,743
. 8,96° 246,515
6,286 634,417
1,080,084 2,197,610
1,535,052 2,696,457
1,333,580 3,066,836
2,152,08? 2,895,731
83,935 13,922
97,285 12,886
101,457 14,164
178,787 13,736
6 1,200
f
480
0 1,500
140 780
6,605,946
10,577,659
6,220,010 11,283,985
5,993,515
4,988,813
10,049
4,030
3,755
3,539
12,123,474
8,820,135
6,161
4,212
3,451
3,981
21,697 26,043
15,608; . 48,495
19,241
7,500
0
21
250
0
0
0
0
0
7
5
250
0
17,963
19,595
15,707
15,202
30,716
22,104
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
697
900
380
216
2,620
6,119
4,016
5,895
3,800 10
3,801
4,050
2,900
127
376
88
Surface Water
Discharges
Pounds
11
36
311
448,
2,046
1,955
3,421
1,143
2,011
1,878
10,085
3,201
242
427
3,411
1,784
0
34
34
0
12;606
26,062
20,219
20,273
262
259
1,422
549
3,817
2,577
3,450
500
0
0
0
0
0
. 0
0
0
337
413
595
585
1,110
955
2,068
3,288
250
250
250
250
Underground
Injection
Pounds
550,000
0
2
1
252,200
1,997
1,800
152,000
9,189
13,402
27,620
30,165
422,600
45,518
134,316
371,000
0
0
0
0
591,703
327,259
355,243
334,471
1,291
2,100
2,660
3,789
38
43
52
292
0
0
0
0
0
0
b
0
0
0
0
0
24,000
89,000
95,000
174,000
' 0
0
0
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
4,860
255
3,345
1,667
3,259
2,873
10,000
62,291
21,757
19,167
3,784
8,591
240
6,665
250
250
0
0
0
0
27,757
. 33,376
48,559
38,190
13,260
10,662
0
38,000
220,075
24,844
9,394
21,450
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
b
0
0
0
10
265
480
295
0
0
0
0
Total
Releases
Pounds
616,136
39,437
63,326
91,915
393,182
245,830
270,705
856,137
3,310,651
4,265,956
4,441,905
5,089,777
520,939
162,781
253,598
565457
1,200
519
1,534
920
17,815,671
17,890,692
18,541,010
14,201,882
31,023
21,263
11,288
49,858
271,670
91,567
62,853
51,846
0
26
250
0
0
0
0
1,041
1,318
1,225
801
45,703
115,934
117,271
198,680
4,060
4,178
4,676
3,238
200
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
o-Cresol
p-Cresol
Cumene
Cumene hydroperoxide
Cupferron
Cyclohexane
2,4-D (acetic acid)
Decabromodiphenyl oxide
2,4-Diaminoanisole
2,4-Diaminoanisole
sulfate
4,4'-biaminodiphenyl
ether
Diaminotoluene
(mixed isomers)
2,4-Diaminotoluene
'ear
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Transfers Off-site
Transfers for Treatment/
to POTWs Disposal/Other
Pounds Pounds
55,341 30,681
53,066 66,247
123,923 73,192
40,703 90,523
1,062,305 40,355
879,959 80,741
1,507,037 745,156
744,568 27,270
163,552 71,674
254,062 416,465
185,473 197,808 .
203,279 206,457
265 32,888
3,755 190,086
3,051 343,913
5,250 25,516
1,200 0
530 ' 0
1,600 0
780 4,275
26,599 1,230,808
33,146 1,331,377
30,129 2,367,576
145,067 2,940,861
350 119,217
5,581 59,214
10,015 352,644
27,952 283,232
43,538 787,514
37,100 811,425
48,868 834,242
19,090 629,067
85 0
0 0
250 0
250 0
250 0
250 0
250 0
250 0
5 4,082
250 5,857
250 4,754
179 142
54,369 566,564
80,350 1,168,065
7,523 1,106,968
2,951 745,955
620 11,770
. 1,501 0
1,250 0
1,200 0
Total
Transfers
Pounds
86,022
119,313
197,115
131, -226
1,102,660
960,700
2,252,193
771,838
235,226
670,527
383,281
409,736
33,153
193,841
346,964
30,766
1,200
530
1,600
5,055
1,257,407
1,364,523
2,397,705
3,085,928
119,567
64,795
362,659
311,184
831,052
848,525
883,110
648,157
85
0
250
250
250
250
250
250
4,087
6,107
5,004
321
620,933
1,248,415
1,114,491
748,906
12,390
1,501
1,250
1,200
201
-------
TRI Data Section
Tabla 3-8. Rsleases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
Number
132-64-9
96-12-8
106-93-4
84-74-2
25321-22-6
95-50-1
541-73-1
106-46-7
91-94-1
75-27-4
107-06-2
540-59-0
75-09-2
120-83-2
Chemical
Dibenzofuran
l,2-Dibromo-3-
cliloropropane
1 ,2-Dibromoethane
Dibutyl phthalate
Dichlorobenzene ,
(mixed isomers)
1,2-Dichlorobenzene
1,3-Dichlorobenzene
1,4-DichIorobenzene
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine
Dichlorobromomethane
1,2-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethylene
Dichloromethane
2,4-DichIorophenol
Year
91
90
89
88
91
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Fugitive ori Stack or
Nonpoint Air Point Air
Emissions Emissions
Pounds Pounds
18,439 21,608
21,207
31,588
9,018
32,922
46,648. 24,406
290 0
8,642 29,560
22,383 35,537
22,880
36,287
34,119 29,208
58,761 ' 91,271
46,209
114,975
171,136
4,446
29,606
11,564
20,169
175,806
167,220
208,921
68,676
117,408
34,070
73,649
59,918
126,348
143,515
242,646
275,524
248,344
206,238 [ 324,463
i
878 ' 3,941
3,104 5,578
3,554 7,844
5,782 9,500
47,159
289,005
96,238 721,895
115,581 1,476,648
103,870 1,787,549
5 ! 5
10 15
250 4
250 5
200 0
632 0
812,464 3,182,959
1,167,609 4,436,475
1,326,461 2,966,105
1,572,325 2,963,854
14,925
29,857
81,311 46,588
109,604 90,888
16,552
108,896
31,726,830 47,611,641
37,744,015
62,532,366
42,295,554 81,864,100
48,751,550 ! 79,242,388
885 547
264 565
554
535
202
999
868
Surface Water
Discharges
Pounds
505
532
447
1,510
0
73
0
250
1,011
8,907
558
2,400
14,339
2
1
185
40
3,962
12,395
16,146
11,624
779
785
22
1,281
2,146
3,912
6,621
6,153
0
1
241
752
0
0
23,564
48,763
225,814
. 40,527
12
54
' 728
95
98,877
190,500
226,823
350,050
1
95
78
107
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
240
495
4,914
6,882
160,000
110,000
310,000
350,000
0
11
0
0
19,000
15,313
18,680
20,115
0
0
0
0
2,000
255
250
4,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
6,334
826,672
1,046,661
1,452,084
0
360
55
0
1,317,706
850,018
1,937,469
1,478,834
42,800
20,400
6,589 .
17,700
Releases
to Land
Pounds
1,882
897
8,536
9,929
0
: 2
125
322
259
, 5,069
167
13,022
11,695
9
22
0
0
21,153
32,588
75,863
13,354
0
0
0
0
420
38
250
1,300
o
0
0
0
0
0
7,051
7,351
,714
2,166
0
118
0
1
117,788
21,024
15,894
157,211
1
0
0
2
Total
Releases
Pounds
42,434
31,654
73,493
82,493
290
38^17
58,540
64,653
71,479
324,008
225,610
557,805
581,240
78,106
89,558
138,097
163,724
462,567
503,040
567,954
575,794
5,598
9,467
11,420
16,563
340,730
822,338
1,599,350
1,902,872
10
, 26
495
1,007
200
632
. 4,032,372
6,486,870
5,565,755
6,030,956
44,794
128,431
201,275
125,544
80,872,842
101,337,923
126,339,840
129,980,033
44,234
21324
8,220
19,212
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
Dibenzofuran
l,2-Dibromo-3-
chloropropane
1,2-Dibromoethane
Dibutylphthalate
Dichlorobenzene
(mixed isomers)
1 ^-Dichlorobenzene
1,3-Dichlorobenzene
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
3,3'-DicMorobenzidine
Dichlorobromomethane
1 ,2-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethylene
Dichloromethane
2,4-Dichlorophenol
fear
91
90
89
88
91
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Transfers Off-site
Transfers for Treatment/
to POTWs Disposal/Other
Pounds Pounds
500 125,545 '
40,052 90,125
47,572 170,179
47,726 234,034
0 0
2 1,588
255 '86,864
310 122,348
253 33,861
14,535 190,611
19,812 217,738
25,994 283,549
36,523 271,592
7,410 111,348 .
26,769 212,700
44,813 500,636
182,663 124,378
84,218 ' 2,840,057
76,763 2,864,394
208,084 2,519,915
64,118 2,039,805
160 3,988
30 1,464
40 260
40 540
11,068 111,789
12,921 180,756
33,941 104,091
37,997 138,882
15 23,766
505 16,751
342 22,195
617 224,205
0 0
0 0
26,294 5,728,673
81,5.14 '3,562,224
1,399,826 2,623,097
1,477,242 . 2,013,386
0 359
0 4,001
0 22,210
0 213,358
1,308,202 12,605,336
1,281,832 9,163,437
921,911 12,813,000
1,830,832 22,688,907
0 0
0 60,800
0 117,721
6 12,909
Total
Transfers
Pounds
126,045
130,177
217,751
281,760
0
1,590
87,119
122,658
34,114
205,146
237,550
309,543
308,115
118,758
239,469
545,449
307,041
2,924,275
2,941,157
2,727,999
2,103,923
4,148
1,494
300
580
122,857
193,677
138,032
176,879
23,781
17,256
22,537
224,822
0
0
5,754,967
3,643,738
4,022,923
3,490,628
359
4,001
22,210
213,358
13,913,538
10,445,269
13,734,911
24,519,739
0
60,800
117,721
12,915
203
-------
1
TRI Data Section
Table 3-8. Fleleases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
Number
78-87-5
542-75-6
62-73-7
115-32-2
1464-53-5
111-42-2
117-81-7
84-66-2
64-67-5
119-90-4
119-93-7
57-14-7
105-67-9
131-11-3
Chemical
1,2-Dichloropropane
1,3-Dichloropropyiene
Dichlorvos
Dicofol
Diepoxybutane
Diethanolamine
-
Di-(2-ethylhexyl)
phthalate
Diethyl phthalate
Diethyl sulfate
3 ,3-Dimethoxybenzidine
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine
1,1-Dimcthyl hydrazine
2,4-Dimethylphenol
Dimethyl phthalate
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
90
89
91
90
89
88
91
90
89.
88
91
90
89
88
Fugitive or Stack or
Nonpoint Air Point Air
Emissions Emissions
Pounds Pounds
227,847 545,596
199,002 838,712
311,906 1,064,664
316,478 1,079,826
11,895 8,510
46,570 12,903
35,469 15,448
39,790 14,800
326 318
800 . 510
1,111 214
1,050 0
5 1
13 255
829, 500
593 750
0 . 0
187,534 83,573
289,889, 99,448
365,348 119,726
440,057 198,081
95.4091 948,011
125,45i 1,172,663
288,097 789,274
175,342 948,104
11,032 99,649
12,839 83,578
10,742 81,868
9,139
3,610
82,488
408
5,058 435
7,345 1,372
8,436
0
3
250
0
0
2,191
0
1
250
0
0
111 378
100
363
467 337
2,206
18,008
2,453
1,336
1,661
14,147
76,787
, 101,739
113,841
2,117
15,686
5,433
1,164
9,927
' 51,690
268,476
263,181
420,965
Surface Water
Discharges
Pounds
6,570
4,253
14,977
23,785
0
310
340
250
0
0
0
0
0
5
250 '
0'
0
434,060
360,137
591,555
438,213
3,842
2,393
2,983
2,792
678
2,697
9,163
11,272
5 '
10
0
, 0
4
4
3
0
0
0
250
250
10
8
13
219
484
1,198 _
1,528
1,260
4,335
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
60,000
157,015
' 162,459
238,317
370
265
600
3,091
0
0
0
0
0 '
5
0
0
. 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
101,000
56,900
55,869
24,703
865
750
500
390
Releases
to Land
Pounds
0
300
5
3,400
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
132,585
120,866
134,797
133,456
155,773
19,551
25,937
20,778
2,977
37
250
0
' 10
280
250
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.
0
0
26
302
85
649
811
433
415
504
Total
Releases
Pounds
780,013
1,042,267
1,391,552
1,423,489
20,405
59,783
51,257
54,840
644
1,310
1,325
1,050
6
273
1,579
1,343
0
897,752
1,027,355
1,373,885
1,448,124
1,203,405
1,320,323
1,106,891
1,150,107
114,336
99,151
102,023
102,899
4,033
5,788
8,967
10,877
4
8
503
0
0
489
713
1,054
4,333
134,728
65,101
58,673
37,424
68,711
347,974
367,095
540,035
204
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
1 ,2-Dichloropropane
'
1 ,3-Dichloropropy lene
Dichlorvos
Dicofol
Diepoxybutane
Diethanolamine
Di-(2-ethylhexyl)
phthalate
Diethyl phthalate
Diethyl sulfate
3 ,3'-Dimethoxy benzidine
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine
1,1-Dimethyl hydrazine
2,4-Dimethylphenol
Dimethyl phthalate
Year
91
90
'89
88
9i
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
90
89
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
7,100
8,596
10,802
136,775
0
0
0
0
0
5
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,311,723
3,474,117
1,505,535
1,927,247
50,531
93,541
199,176
168,891
313,332
440,616
276,553
37,600
633
1,170
1,500
890
0
37
259
5
0
0
0
0
0
2,675
4,030
5,190
7,964
82,565
88,719
339,024
508,821
Transfers Off-site
for Treatment/
Disposal/Other
Pounds
2,075
6,209
6,744
4,913
920
1,268
4,604
2,738
3,610
3,991
4,441
1,516
7,909
286
14,045
25,166
0
589,000
611,164
1,279,160
1,328,142
1,154,094
1,560,679
2,281,404
2,340,803
126,706
85,527
102,354
105,924
805
2,826
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6,386
8,507
8,997
8,855
4,959
15,092
10,780
3,000
76,057
57,146
114,413
135,710
Total
Transfers
Pounds
9,175
14;805
17,546
141,688
920
1,268
4,604
2,738
3,610'
3,996
4,442
1,516
7,909
286 .
14,045
25,166
0
1,900,723
4,085,281
2,784,695
3,255,389
1,204,625
1,654,220
2,480,580
2,509,694
440,038
526,143
378,907
143,524
1,438
3,996
1,500
890
0
37
259
5
0
6,386
8,507
8,997
8,855
7,634
19,122
15,970
10,964
158,622
145,865
453,437
644,531
205
-------
1
TRI Data Section
Table 3-8. Releases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
Number
77-78-1
534-52-1
51-28-5
121-14-2
606-20-2
117-84-0
123-91-1
106-89-8
110-80-5
140-88-5
100-41-4
541-41-3
74-85-1
-
Chemical
Dimethyl sulfate
4,6-Dinitro-o-crcsoI
2,4-Dinitrophenoi
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
2,6-Dinitrotoluene
n-Dioctyl phthalate
1,4-Dioxane
Epichlorohydrin
2-Ethoxyethanol
Ethyl acrylate
Hthylbenzene
Ethyl chloroformate
Ethylene
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89.
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Fugitive or Stack or
NonpointAir Point Air
Emissions Emissions
Pounds Pounds
9,670 427
9,303 436
11,912 1,905
9,171 1,625
7 43
8 39
258 13
259 15
16,585 7,557
17,111 7,586
10,568 3,084
12,386 8,439
5,103 312
6,312 51,271
9,500 77,793
15,533 77,724
1,197 751
1,486 16,251
2,268 81,646
6,074 81,523
16,13^ 15,691
17,556 13,282
20,165 503,124
25,946
365,54'
43,565
352,960
307,216 346,400
418,688 412,672
361,259 251,374
277,040 182,110
254,946 171,714
283,573 188,854
264,142 200,965
224,793 447,143
352,731 673,531
290.2961 1,453,368
290,053 2,152,887
108,970 122,991
121,530 92,682
103,084 92,591
125,227 1 19,276
2,876,38l| 5,764,613
3,057,578 6,095,906
3,272,129 6,214,867
3,046,169
4,359,431
1,254 576
1,307
525 ,
7,950 692
11,880 2,023
16,137,889
22,133,970
16,528,900 22,945,931
18,966,417
21,154,105
25,250,027
26,142,065
Surface Water
Discharges
Pounds
293
375
500
610
33
131
25
266
3,888
89,074
160,672
98,692
2,682
3,735
12,657
12,055
702
416
1,083
957
557
1,843
1,196
1,523
318,133
204,856
273,523
203,320
5,456
11,029
4,585
4,917
5,022
42,015
96,042
120,164
423
1,161
1,188
1,211
16,608
13,037
.16,945
15,775
0
0
0
0
17,015
11,488
14,902
15,214
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
35,532
111,500
301,070 "
86,200
0
74,000
69,000
106,400
0
19,000
18,000
27,000
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
79,220
197,200
68,750
0
0
0
0
947
10
0
0
94,637
213,620
60,475
72,914
0
0
0
0
0
27,500
18,618
17,203
Releases
to Land
Pounds
0
0
50
50
0
0
1
. '2
10
3,307
3,242
257
1,424
2,153
341
14,961
0
0
0
0
255
261
1,748
1,000
15,952
12,549
33,723
11' ,702
3,675
7,648
2,511
2,524
0
0
78
52
939
498
3,281
265
53,124
61,934
88,912
202,364
0
0
0
0
0
11,005
16,200
13,250
Total
Releases
Pounds
10,390
10,114
14,367
11,456
83
178
297 '
542
63,572
228,578
478,636
205,974
9,521
137,471
169,291
226,673
2,650
37,153
102,997
115,554
32,642
32,947
526,233
72,034
1,052,589
871,021
1,138,606
827,655
468,281
524,557
676,723
541,298
676,960
1,068,277
1,839,784
2,563,156
234,270
215,881
200,144
245,979
8,805,363
9,442,075
9,653,328
7,696,653
1,830
1,832
8,642
13,903
38,288,874
39,524,824
44,266,164
47,341,837
206
-------
1988-1991 TRl Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
Dimethyl sulfate
4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol
2,4-Dinitrophenol
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
2,6-Dinitrotoluene
n-Dioctyl phthalate
1,4-Dioxane
Epichlorohydrin
2-Ethoxyethanol
Ethyl acrylate
Ethylbenzene
Ethyl chlorofonmate
Ethylene
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
.88
91
90
89
88
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
260
30
1,250
1,000
26,255
44,756
61,206
19
255
261
0
1,000
0
12
600,000
700,000
0
0
140,000
170,000
3,175
6,198
12,810
7,277
254,304
210,938
281,002
203,103
12,703
57,931
30,742
73,385
217,923
111,872
162,581
196,286
19,855
12,985
9,219
27,656
101,944
116,775
538,180
511,530
0
0
0
0
17
11
200
250
Transfers Off-site
for Treatment/
Disposal/Other
Pounds
0
33
0
0
17,370 ,
204,573
87,809
306,096
1,205
3,923
2,385 ,
677,650
53,307
37,020
243,455
126,336
250
30,230
70,630
31,585
154,348
208,317
176J91
215,900
602,897
104,580
220,515
211,281
919,829
669,716
784,801
690,564
159,990
198,211
330,511
438,371
192,206
101,995
121,040
108,663
1,509,030
2,214,120
3,974,198
2,913,769
390
0
0
69,600
898,258
194,412
605
41,319
Total
Transfers
Pounds
260
63
1,250
1,000
43,625
249,329
149,015
306,115
1,460
4,184
2,385
678,650
53,307
37,032
843,455
826,336
250
30,230
210,630
201,585
157,523
214,515
189,601
223,177
857,201
315,518
501,517
414,384
932,532
727,647
815,543
763,949
377,913
310,083
493,092
634,657
212,061
114,980
130,259
136,319
1,610,974
2,330,895
4,512,378
3,425,299
390
0
0
69,600
898,275
194,423
805
41,569
207
-------
TRI Data Section
Table 3-8. Fieleases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
Number
107-21-1
151-56-4
75-21-8
96-45-7
2164-17-2
50-00-0
76-13-1
76-44-8
118-74-1
87-68-3
77-47-4
67-72-1
302-01-2
Chemical
Ethylene glycol
Ethylencimine
Ethylene oxide
Ethylene thiourea ,
Fluometuron
Formaldehyde
Freon 113
Heptachlor
Hcxachlorobenzene
Hexachloro-
1,3-butadiene
Hexachlorocyclo-
-pentadiene
Hexachloroethane
Hydrazine
Fugitive or Stack or
Nonpoint Air Point Air
Year
91
90
89
88
89
88
91
90
89 .
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Emissions Emissions
Pounds
Pounds
4,467,944 6,192,193
4,103,70J 6,952,871
4,179,95^ 8,709,354
4,055,64
25
1 9,217,264
3 250
25(3 250
805,152 987,896
784,24i 1,663,975
832,144 2,319,279
975,532 3,717,979
24 558
255 30
1 763
D 500
104 113
26 19
273 267
256 250
l,780,78i) 8,437,687
2,267,883 10,125,225
2,687,565 10,324,007
3,006,12() 8,886,393
23,983,423 11,874,228
31,802,084 15,508,786
42,655,738 22,784,569
46,684,51? 23,283,604
:> 0
3,797 0
3,403 8
54,292 3
549 292
1,258 , 210
3,669 944
3,602 497
2,420 990
3,36f 1,542
3,919 709
2,04:
24,74'
i 513
717
83,812 773
88,06 1 1,185
77,90:
1,78:
>. 415
! 20,926
1,885 6,156
3,413 19,245
2,949 16,238
22,35
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
Ethylene glycol
Ethyleneimine
Ethylene oxide
Ethylene thiourea
Fluometuron
Formaldehyde
Freon 113
Heptachlor
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachloro-
1,3-tmtadiene
Hexachloroc'yclo-
-pentadiene
Hexachloroelhane
Hydrazine
Year
91
90
89
88
89
88
91
90
89.
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
,89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
18,602,841
15,968,632
17,436,120
17,259,152
0
0
114,004
266,214
351,993
363,065
15
255
261
500
1,012
81,085
126,214
2,300
5,482,598
6,290,198
6,257,127
4,382,254
38,402
50,520
60,288
104,193
0
58
51
37
5
23
30
160
4
958
100
300
624
904
1,096
' 852
0
0
250
260
6,368
11,367
3,354
1,468
Transfers Off-site
for Treatment/
Disposal/Other
Pounds
7,251,803
11,671,041
15,887,479
17,588,484
0
0
2,619
2,729
26,622
21,913
19,117
16,609
22,451
2,500
28,635
3,393
15,569
22,800
1,434,655
1,920,921
2,112,242
2,724,992
1,394,403
2,709,239
4,589,922
6,284,293
5
85,306 . .
73,292
51,935
1,191,936
53,010
1,453,803
965,099
1,713,642
84,345
4,213,617
3,532,641
30,803
44,109
17,468
619,315
171,024
128,241
486,536
660,856
15,978
25,474
68,818
43,123
Total
Transfers
Pounds
25,854,644
27,639,673
33,323,599
34,847,636
0
0
116,623
268,943
378,615
384,978
19,132
16,864
22,712
3,000
29,647
84,478
141,783
25,100
6,917,253
8,211,119
8,369,369
7,107,246
1,432,805
2,759,759
4,650,210
6,388,486
5
85,364
73,343
51,972
1,191,941
53,033
1,453,833
965,259
1,713,646
- 85,303
4,213,717
3,532,941
31,427
45,013
18,564
620,167
174,024
128,241
486,786
661,116
22,346
36,841
72,172
44,591
209
-------
1
TR1 Data Section
Table 3-8. Releases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
Number
10034-93-2
7647-01-0
74-90-8
7664-39-3
123-31-9
78-84-2
67-63-0
80-05-7
7439-92-1
58-89-9
108-31-6
12427-38-2
7439-96-5
Chemical
Hydrazine sulfate
Hydrochloric acid
Hydrogen cyanide
Hydrogen fluoride
Hydroquinone
Isobutyraldehyde
Isopropyl alcohol
(manufacturing)
4,4'-Isopropylidene-
-diphenol
Lead
Lindane
Maleic anhydride
Maneb
Manganese
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Fugitive or Stack or
Nonpoint Air Point Air
Emissions Emissions
Pounds Pounds
6 2
5 252
6 1
290 882
4,634,850 78,286,624
5,641,346 80,489,419
5,287,364 76,089,642
6,224,677 67,707,146
64,031 1,190,762
56,82$ 663,250
92,667 678,920
131,60-
J 980,673
3,565,926 5,615,266
3,401,719 5,903,243
3,552,367 7,367,441
3,784,342 9,181,080
6,43'
1 4,367
6,261 5,736
6,774 6,286
3,601 6,733
i
118,100 272,124
148,03 1 337,247
178,072 406,035
178,740 503,878
471,42i 977,470
1,124,772 1,551,306
2,137,392 2,994,557
790,23i 1,196,100
1
116,488 191,370
93,380 91,098
114,927 113,322
119,620 106,806
205,524 226,253
502,758 360,799
306,46$ 554,011
500,958 645,279
271 291
1,011 538
751 36
251 7
77,182 381,807
90,604 402,465
94,114 357,450
111,458 550,373
10 19
270 521
1,000 1,031
1,000 1,265
687,932 409,038
503,716 665,754
2,115,142 479,588
1,038,92C
761,590
Surface Water
Discharges
Pounds
0
0
0
0
2,143,954
2,770,080
3,052,768
3,948,499
8,839
3,824
5,610
2,300
5,464
13,868
35,918
189,928
4,388
4,525
4,884
7,211
91
80
751
773
21,735
11,131.
11,008
1,900
4,492
2,412
6,879
126,385
20,457
25,414
33,329
61,130
0
250
0
0
460
1,378
2,824
12,580
0
5
0
250
144,676
139,876
150,322
321,894
Underground
Injection
Pounds
150,000
138,941
76,957
355,000
190,422,615
158,217,391
273,272,293
396,089,339
945,926
1,597,552
3,534,070
1,737,850
1
20
0
250
255,705
284,020
353,022
375,400
6,810
864
1,042
60
200
15
18,441
0
43,000
23,000
0
0
0
40
- 5
5
0
0
o.
0
255
10
0
240,000
o
0
0
0
522
874
556
250
Releases
to Land
Pounds
0
0
0
0
12,193,916
8,669,227
5,710,354
5,509,273
17
48
328
1,761
25,259
8,309
10,943
13,002
6
295
504
530
262
1
1
1
2,077
50
1,657
14
374,926
555,917
779,533
424,117
3,323,695
4,822,504
5,846,148
6,633,330
5
5
250
0
1,155
120,816
750
0
0
0
0
0
9,848,116
9,031,122
7,985,972
20,464,605
Total
Releases
Pounds
150,002
139,198
76,958
356,172
287,681,959
255,787,463
363,412,421
479,478,934
2,209,575
2,321,499
4,311,595
2,854,188
9,211,916
9,327,159
10,966,669
13,168,602
270,900
300,837
371,470
393,475
397,387
486,223
585,901
683,452
1,472,903
2,687,274
5,163,055
1,988,246
730,276
765,807
1,014,661
776,928
3,775,929
5,711,515
6,739,958
7,840,702
567
1,804
1,037
258
460,859
615,273
455,138
914,411
29
796
2,031
2,515
11,090,284
10,341,342
10,731,580
22,587,259
210
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
Hydtazine sulfate
Hydrochloric acid
Hydrogen cyanide
Hydrogen fluoride
Hydroquinone
Isobutyraldehyde
Isopropyl alcohol
(manufacturing)
4,4'-Isopropylidene-
-diphenol
Lead
Lindane
Maleic anhydride
Maneb
Manganese
Year
91
90
89
.88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
0
250
0
0
16,566,697
39,305,472
28,420,423
35,554,163
271
290
294
337
356,983
70,956
196,554
696,139
168,069
277,533
595,068
512,180
37,444
35,728
36,055
713
141,364
88,399
681,397
154,651
32,776
42,334
35,368
31,135
306,444
33,260
50,052
122,220
5
5
250
0
6,073
643,337
578,073
556,373
0
0
250
1,470
161,114
60,448
84,604
132,384
Transfers Off-site
for Treatment/
Disposal/Other
Pounds
0
250
250
0
48,453,002
41,027,703
44,200,651
74,453,882
435
4,127
24,282
22,451
3,594,308
4,031,896
3,877,404
6,328,884
237,806
141,090
170,387
309,941
47,587
41,987
37,130
30,260
157,259
784,598
1,400,169
688,989
253,490
477,272
492,569
1,434,170
7,255,084
12,300,630
14,656,648
13,684,082
7,324
3,052
1,053
186
719,016
738,472
882,229
978,535
2,625
5,850
16,489
7,362
13,610,853
16,085,106
26,208,163
24,133,354
Total
Transfers
Pounds
0
500
250
0
65,019,699
80,333,175
72,621,074
110,008,045
706
4,417
24,576
22,788
3,951,291
4,102,852
4,073,958
7,025,023
405,875
418,623
765,455
822,121
85,031
77,715
73,185
30,973
298,623
872,997
2,081,566
843,640
286,266
519,606
527,937
1,465,305
7,561,528
12,333,890
14,706,700
13,806,302
7,329
3,057
1,303
186
725,089
1,381,809
1,460,302
1,534,908
2,625
5,850,
16,739
8,832
13,771,967
16,145,554
26,292,767
24,265,738
211
-------
1
TRI Data Section
I Cii
Table 3-8. Releases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
Number
7439-97-6
t,
67-56-1
72-43-5
109-86-4
96-33-3
1634-04-4
1
101-14-4
101-61-1
101-68-8
74-95-3
101-77-9
78-93-3
60-34-4
Chemical
Mercury
Methanol
Mcthoxychlor
2-MethoxyethanoI
Methyl acrylate
Methyl tert-butyl ether
4,4'-Methylenebis
(2-chIoro aniline)
4,4'-Methylenebis-
(N,N-dimethyl)
Methylenebis
(phcnylisocyanate)
Methylene bromide
4,4'-Methylenedianiline
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl hydrazine
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Fugitive or Stack or
NonpointAir Point Air
Emissions Emissions
Pounds Pounds
10,557 6,355
14,015 8,384
16,063 ' 9,522
16,036 7,359
35,913,043 163,769,926
39,312,330 162,089,503
43,627,434 168,156,968
46,76.1,50(
25
5 181,504,818
I 314
756 846
250 286
47,97 |l 224,910
1,105,988 712,351
1,298,049 1,293,167
988,479 1,710,422
1,148,256 4,751,413
65,781 169,686
79,309 170,377
77,236 116,965
319,897 109,438
788,244 2,249,807
652,252 2,244,097
534,455 2,593,718
617,340 1,882,897
1,015 347
761 ' 1,005
' 50l . 511
50C
25(
) 250
) 0
391,550 234,784
370,019 239,950
205,704 118,218
154,905 90,892
38,277 13,010
51,164 13,630
31,584 4,780
34,468 23,255
9,013 4,155
14,250 5,273
, 33,140 14,620
36,804 93,347
33,149,766 70,271,889
42,863,784 85,627,333
41,693,96^ 94,365,489
38,687,923 97,348,615
0 0
1
0
0 73
2,774 153
Surface Water
Discharges
Pounds
624
751
1,555
1,397
20,064,023 ,
17,810,136
16,444,366
16,833,614
10
505
250
252
364,059
40,340
46,428
40,520
919
470
1,167
1,358
30,901
42,667,
37,439
21,499
0
0
0
0
0
10
50
506
1,022
0
0
0
0
1,486
1,201
1,305
2,599
141,354
77,514
71,781
91,344 .
0
0
0
1
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0 .
0
28,877,462
27,970,817
25,142,977
26,555,436
0
0
0
0
0
4,540
4,000
750
161
99
200
200
81,690
112,400
19,300
14,400
0
0
0
0
0
0
20
0
0
0
0
0
0
22,062
57,250
96,000
460,250
355,736
146,199
200,703
253,762
0
0
0
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
5,287
4,184
4,942
13,279
3,634,255
5,527,527
7,776,702
11,674,236
5
255
250
258
20
3,233
112
7
0
4
250
30,260
2,903
1,501
1,290
370
0
0
0
0
7,000
125,989
226,671
149,262
. 87,415
0
0
0
0
3
6
0
1,140
180,492
50,423
171,347
166,458
0
0
0
0
Total
Releases
Pounds
22,823
27,334
32,082
38,071
252,258,709
252,710,313
261,148,447
283,329,610
580
2,362
1,036
273,391
2,182,418
2,639,329
2,749,441
5,940,946
236,547
250,259
195,818
461,153
3,153,545
3,052,917
3,186,202
2,536,506
1,362
1,7^6
1,012
750
7,250
752,333
836,710
473,690
334,234
51,287
64,794
36,364
57,723
36,719
77,980
145,065
594,140
104,099,237
128,765,253
136,503,286
136,548,102
0 ,
1
73
' 2,928
212
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
Mercury
Methanol
Methoxychlor
2-Methoxyethanol
Methyl aery late
Methyl tert-butyl ether
4,4'-Methylenebis
(2-chloroaniline)
4,4'-Methylenebis-
(N,N-dimethyl)
Methylenebis
(phenylisocyanate)
Methylene bromide
4,4'-Methylenedianiline
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl hydrazine
Transfers Off-site
Transfers for Treatment/
Year to POTWs Disposal/Other
Pounds Pounds
91 42 157,951
90 42 177,279
89 1,024 125,563
88 1,613 257,378
91 113,854,683 44,074,165
90 127,561,836 48,879,725
89 111,677,647 62,572,988
88 112,776,950 58,537,919
91 0 164
90 0 1,487
89 0 440
88 0 24,759
91 399,241 393,736
90 531,570 891,880
89 480,845 1,306,586
88 622,102 884,230
91 5,311 39,501
90 9,377 743,953
89' 13,131 80,591
88 14,886 18,784
91 129,131 26,381
90 123,291 55,580
89 78,535 104,933
88 7,713 98,177
91 5 4,228
90 0 2,105
89 0 4,541
88 0 6,250
88 0 1,150
91 911 1,617,192
90 5,171 1,706,143
89 1,875 2,320,548
88 1,250 2,612,974
91 5,417 0
90 8,579 49;085
89 5,440 51,082
88 6,097 0
91 . 1,759 61,131
90 2,434 106,306
89 3,088 306,171
88 7,399 280,887
91 772,861 9,998,866
90 867,891 20,323,777
89 886,502 28,506,748
88 962,868 28,620,683
91 1 2
90 0 0
89 0 500
88 0 2,700
Total
Transfers
Pounds
157,993
177,321
' 126,587
258,991
157,928,848
176,441,561
174,250,635
171,314,869
164
1,487
440
24,759
792,977
1,423,450
1,787,431
1,506,332
44,812
753,330
93,722
33,670
155,512
178,871
183,468
105,890
4,233
2,105
4,541
6,250
1,150
1,618,103
1,711,314
2,322,423
2,614,224
5,417
57,664
56,522
6,097
62,890
108,740
309,259
288,286
10,771,727
21,191,668
29,393,250
29,583,551
3
0
500
2,700
213
-------
1
TRI Data Section
Table 3-8. Releases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
Number
74-88-4
108-10-1
624-83-9
80-62-6
90-94-8
1313-27-5
91-20-3
134-32-7
7440-02-0
7697-37-2
139-13-9
99-59-2
98-95-3
Chemical
Methyl iodide
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Methyl isocyanate
Methyl melhacrylate
Mi chief's ketone
Molybdenum trioxide
Naphthalene
alpha-Naphthylamine
Nickel
Nitric acid
Nitrilotriacetic acid
5-Nitro-o-anisidine
Nitrobenzene
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
91
90
89
88
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds '
22,544
29,443
17,178
5,691
1
8,411,877
9,688,471
10,850,25,9
13,015,362
6,98;7
13,033
13,762
9,649
587,732
672,236
1,295,353
1,178,59;8
0
0
78
450
46,026
21,846
34,33,6
37,272
I
1,391,603
2,050,725
1,848,065
3,370,519
5
250
33^6
336
408,694
224,811
668,213
260,551
685,940
756,949
873,122
1,143,693
5
25
1,250
1,000
5
5
250
34,48!3
51,251
22,394
22,614
i
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
2,870
373
8,294
3,253
18,786,642
18,021,527
20,673,502
18,610,414
798
1,640
1,246
586
1,969,763
1,963,918
1,855,670
2,259,240
0
0
66
650
47,911
42,671
66,333
72,589
1,280,285
1,724,919
1,577,969
1,704,275
5
250
336
254
140,609
211,532
190,875
176,000
2,594,202
3,113,497
4,154,846
7,182,275
0
1,000
1,250
1,500
10
5
250
18,125
15,009
16,397
17,759
Surface Water
Discharges
Pounds
13
1
1
5
167,405
53,798
449,407
762,108
0
0
0
0
6,373
27,181
28,802
28,084
0
0
0
0
78,785
102,840
124,535
139,021
31,484
36,113
146,749
22,568
0
0
0
101
53,883
57,322
87,752
89,206
167,773
152,174
737,142
1,448,540
4,100
7,700
5,100
5,100
0
0
0
, 850
1,419
1,287
5,907
Underground
Injection
Pounds
740
5,085
5,085
250
161,600
52,221
81,850
116,650
0
0
0
0
270,000
210;015
197,013
327,221
0
0
0
0
134,965
170,650
173,270
197,115
39,112
28,135
39,552
50,946
0
0
0
0
4,418
9,136
18,946
14,295
21,128,099
31,912,657
31,017,845
25,485,680
7,800
0
0
0
0
0
0
468,404
608,000
554,025
819,024
Releases
to Land
Pounds
0
0
0
0
177,939
24,733
20,891
31,770
0
750
314
64
4,305
593
4,801
8,119
0
0
0
0
23,415
49,120
108,264
97.238
54,343
143,191
118,187
123,706
0
0
0
0
393,775
3,007,213
1,293,227
1,225,677
585,053
383,313
489,065
1,330,695
0
0
5,100
5,100
0
0
0
365
755
2,814
' 2,875
Total
Releases
Pounds
26,167
34,902
30,558
9,199
27,705,463
27,840,750
32,075,909
32,536,304
7,785
15,423
15,262
10,299
2,838,173
2,873,943
3,381,639
3,801,262
0
0
144
1,100
331,102
387,127
506,738
543,235
2,796,827
3,983,083
3,730,522
5,272,014
10
500
672
691
1,001,379
3,510,014
2,259,013
1,765,729
25,161,067
36,318490
37,272,020
36,590,883
11,905
8,725
12,700
12,700
15
10
500
522,227
676,434
596,917
868,179
214
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
Methyl iodide
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Methyl isocyanate
Methyl methacrylate
Michler's ketone
Molybdenum trioxide
Naphthalene
alpha-Naphthylamine
Nickel
Nitric acid
Nitrilotriacetic acid
5-Nitro-o-anisidine
Nitrobenzene
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
91
90
89
88
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
0
0
250
0
816,066
1,258,294
1,286,727
1,509,030
0
0
0
0
131,991
166,245
152,680
191,071
3
0
0
0
80,682
39,534
22,024
34,044
63,546
210,542
964,706
800,215
0
0
0
0
506,495
114,444
190,326
252,272
8,648,779
13,105,320
13,662,821
22,890,969
0
3,300
2,750
264,609
, 255
5
250
100
1,372
4,750
5,671
Transfers Off-site
for Treatment/
Disposal/Other
Pounds
5
228
251
250
2,274,295
4,548,341
6,468,802
10,323,972
15,067
0
23,000
8,714
713,284
1,139,639
3,878,765
3,099,097
0
27,591
26,703
33,519
670,693
581,414
885,998
600,960
1,883,797
1,904,111
1,644,330
1,926,327
0
534
0
0
4,481,055
8,083,538
9,402,650
9,954,420
17,923,137
21,120,370
23,828,396
26,354,766
0
0
34,105
191,003
250
0
0
339,420
108,352
108,436
1,371,395
Total
Transfers
Pounds
5
228
501
250
3,090,361
5,806,635
7,755,529
11,833,002
15,067
0
23,000
8,714
845,275
1,305,884
4,031,445
3,290,168
3
27,591
26,703
33,519
751,375
620,948
908,022
635,004
1,947,343
2,114,653
2,609,036
2,726,542
0
534
0
0
4,987,550
8,197,982
9,592,976
10,206,692
26,571,916
34,225,690
37,491,217
49,245,735
* 0
3,300
36,855
455,612
505
5
250
339,520
109,724
113,186
1,377,066
215
-------
1
TR1 Data Section
Table 3-8. Fteleases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
Number
55-63-0
88-75-5
100-02-7
79-46-9
156-10-5
121-69-7
62-75-9
86-30-6
56-38-2
87-86-5
79-21-0
108-95-2
106-50-3
Chemical
Nitroglyccrin
2-Nitrophenol
4-NitrophenoI
2-Nitropropane
p-Nitrosodiphenylamine
N,N-Dimethylaniline
N-Nitrosodimethylamine
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
Parathion
Pentachlorophenol
Peracetic acid
Phenol
p-Phenylenediamine
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90,
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Fugitive or Stack or
NonpointAIr Point Air
Emissions Emissions
Pounds Pounds
1,790 26,657
1,053 29,550
8,638 27,169
2,28
3 50,103
3 2
3 4
4,18$ 219
32,152 1,537
9,406 . 127
7,570 83
7,614 140
7,642 213
31,052 74,695
62,83$ 21,422
111,947 63,675
208,303 181,082
2
4 0
24 , 0
24 0
15 0
24,75^ 26,605
17,802 33,500
6,957 84,802
18,448 80,457
3 0
0 0
3 0
26
0 0
0 0
0 , 0
7 280
29J5 317
1,006 589
2,25? 1,007
6,99|l 5,517
15,507 7,699
6,06fe 5,057
8,133 5,896
1,110 3,982
2,066 3,766
1,013 8,471
76J5 4,687
2,498,507 3,832,788
3,154,808 4,498,361
3,402,750 5,662,497
4,521,892 5,893,524
1,054 2,497
768 350
3.80J8 275
2,21
0 111,680
Surface Water
Discharges
Pounds
12,399
11,580
9,198
2,746
40
29
6
1
600
31
0
0
380
1,100
2,700
4,300
0
0
0
0
30,430
16,030
14,437
19,967
0
0
0
0
9
27
255
10
250
750
2,278
' 2,577
2,559
2,465
10
113
40
55
163,915
271,865
267,i34
258,950
0
0
0
826
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,200
1,800
6,300
* 139,342
87,000
237,000
257,000
4,700
0
2,500
2,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
40,000
34,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20,000
5
0
0
0
3,192,210
4,421,439
4,282,511
4,659,319
0
4,500
3,100
4,716
Releases
to Land
Pounds
9,550
17,150
21,500
11,640
o
0
0
2-
0
0
0
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
9
0
255
10
250
250
1,510
1,941
6,906
3,717
3,220
1,826
0
0
324,921
293,643
372,156
1,882,255
2
0
0
0
Total
Releases
Pounds
50,396
59,333
66,505
66,769
42
33
4,411
33,692
'10,133
8,884
9,554
14,162
245,469
172,358
415,322
650,685
.4,724
24
2,524
2,015
81,786
67,332
106,196
119,122
0
0
0
0
40,018
34,027
1,057
633
2,095
4,265
16,296
27,724
20,588
40,211
8,327
7,771
9,524
5,508
10,012,341
12,640,116
13,987,048
17,215,940
3,553
5,618
7,183
119,432
216
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
Nitroglycerin
2-Nitrophenol
4-Nitrophenol
2-Nitropropane
p-Nitrosodiphenylamine ,
N,N-Dimethylaniline
N-Nitrosodimethylamine
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
Parathion
Pentachlorophenol
Peracetic acid
Phenol
p-Phenylenediamine
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
86
84
211
53
140
4,600
14,638
149,000
21,067
400,774
630,059
560,428
0
0
1,753
3,000
0
0
0
0
206,399
198,535
237,226
287,483
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
834
4,349
8,013
4,728
1,672
2,000
0
0
5,40r,118
5,061,347
5,237,067
6,041,090
3,239
23,509
1,178
6,277
Transfers Off-site
for Treatment/
Disposal/Other
Pounds
87,122
32,936
24,501
3,583 '
11,662
35,894
24,819
14,700
561,290
62,617
36
70
36,487
6,100
581
13,695
0
1,300
180
180
84,654
108,870
442,117
466,169
0
0
470,000
1,853,445
520,190
300
3,173
26,566
4,450
5,280
252,812
75,159
87,417
545,673
0
1,821
0
0
3,303,259
6,295,548
4,355,642
6,308,966
14,200
41,586
40,550
117,923
Total
Transfers
Pounds
«7,208
33,020
24,712
3,636
11,802
40,494
39,457
163,700
582,357
463,391
630,095
560,498
36,487
6,100
2,334
16,695
0
1,300
180
180
291,053
307,405
679,343
753,652
0
0
470,000
1,853,445
520,190
300
3,173
26,566
4,450
5,280
253,646
79,508
95,430
, 550,401
1,672
3,821
0
0
8,704,377
11,356,895
9,592,709
12,350,056
17,439
65,095
41,728
124,200
217
-------
1
TR1 Data Section
Table 3-8. Releases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
Number
90-43-7
75-44-5
7664-38-2
7723-14-0
85-44-9
88-89-1
1336-36-3
1120-71-4
123-38-6
114-26-1
115-07-1
75-55-8
75-56-9
110-86-1
Chemical
2-Phenylphenol
Phosgene
r
Phosphoric acid
Phosphorus
(yellow or white)
Phthalic anhydride
Picric acid
Polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs)
Propane sultone
Propionaldehyde
Propoxur
Propylene
Propyleneimine
Propylene oxide
Pyridine
Year
91
90
89
88
91
9.0
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Fugitive or Stack or
Nonpoint Air Point Air
Emissions Emissions
Pounds f Pounds
8,403 1,054
8,925 985
7,225 827
9,010 1,620
2,279 2,109
2,423 2,431
4,728 3,535
3,839 17,764
314,776 1,002,123
424,210 1,214,201
584,331 1,362,194
728,787 1,235,191
19,662 3,847
19,423 4,913
10,435 5,489
7,594 11,559
112,154 519,670
147,799 541,789
117,544 532,607
126,40
i 422,573
> 1
1 1
25l 1
25
I 1
) 0
5 0
0 0
6 0
0 0
598,008 790,001
340,631 648,355
342,352 750,117
399,25
1
3 868,586
) 5
260 10
250 254
250 0
13,422,010 9,418,860
13,514,819 10,088,533
15,123,782 11,539,074
17,656,964 11,455,525
50 350
293 318
28
7 253
250 250
450,934 615,690
494,937 910,286
413,155 1,674,804
. 539,841 2,733,342
58,405 51,587
66,527 56-163
75,476 67,527
142,281 72,918
Surface Water
Discharges
Pounds
224
135
134
480
5
15
250
500
114,363,613
74,718,305
26,961,424
122,650,664
2,273
2,345
3,033
11,322
13,164
374
2,120
1,040
2
2
250
251
0
0
264
10
0
63
491
411
1,156
0
5
0
0
4,685
867
953
10,003
0
0
0
0
10,181
70,780
83,091
112,503
4,930
7,336
2,365
2,158
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
10
0
0
5
10
250
250
26,545
1,500,399
93,016
54,961
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,634,494
1,249,930
1,265,460
1,362,180
0
0
0
0
0
66,741
34,394
4,518
930
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20,710
120,005
270,000
1,113,780
370,750
514,955
660,281
491,775
Releases
to Land
Pounds
5
530
500
0
0
20
0
0
47,311,554
61,083,525
49,799,924
52,611,111
339,229
2,196,153
3,291,402
3,893,674
944
9,605
3,080
1,015
19
2
250
250
10
71,366
998
752
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
114,000
296
250
0
0
0
0
0
2,450
3,893
4,727
11,630
13
25
251
1,125
Total
Releases
Pounds
9,686
10,585
8,686
11,110
4,398
4,899
8,763
22,353
163,018,611
138,940,640
78,800,889
177,280,714
365,011
2,222,834
3,310,359
3,924,149
645,932
699,567
655,351
551,034
1,634,518
1,249,936
1,266,212
1,362,933
10
71,371
1,262
762
0
1,454,813
1,023,871
1,097,398
1,269,925
15
275
504
250
22,959,555
23,604,506
26,664,059
29,122,492
400
611
540
500
1,099,965
1,599,901
2,445,777
4,511,096
485,685
645,006
805,900
710,257,
218
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
2-PhenyIphenol
Phosgene
Phosphoric acid
Phosphorus
(yellow or white)
Phthalic anhydride
Picric acid
Polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs)
Propane sultone
Propionaldehyde
Propoxur
Propylene
Propyleneimine
Propylene oxide
Pyridine
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
4,858
5,447
6,416
6,400
0
0
0
0
5,498,173
6,450,006
11,511,560
14,040,990
266
1,302
4;495
646
3,281
42,719
243,292
53,441
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
250
0
12,922
69
26,553
761
255
260
753
0
5
1,340
6,103
500
0
250
250
250
49,854
251,413
309,915
386,355
264,235
264,948
354,602
275,083
Transfers Off-site
for Treatment/
Disposal/Other
Pounds
515
1,000
1,250
250
2^430
1,713
1,236
1,520
4,529,607
5,096,637
8,109,947
8,499,932
4,158
14,529
85,591
210,033
715,854
2,311,303
3,547,530
5,981,309
12,465
1,044
25
14,000
2,432,777
2,605,734
4,414,102
5,824,807
0
5,225
1,457
0
1,600
460
796
2,267
250
730,212
4,907,543
683,410
1,524,389
6
0
0
0
47,279
12,256
9,714
17,752
207,325
175,479
259,117
97,428
Total
Transfers
Pounds
5,373
6,447
7,666
6,650
2,430
1,713
1,236
1,520
10,027,780
11,546,643
19,621,507
22,540,922
4,424
15,831
90,086
210,679
719,135
2,354,022
3,790,822
6,034,750
12,465
" 1,045
25
14,000
2,432,777
2,605,734
4,414,103
5,825,057
0
18,147
1,526
26,553
2,361
715
1,056
3,020
250
730,217
4,908,883
689,513
1,524,889
0
250
250
250
97,133
263,669
319,629
404,107
471,560
440,427
613,719
372,511
219
-------
TR1 Data Section
Table 3-8. Releases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
Number
91-22-5
106-51-4
82-68-8
81-07-2
94-59-7
7782-49-2
t
7440-22-4
100-42-5
96-09-3
7664-93-9
79-34-5
127-18-4
961-11-5
Chemical
Quinoline
Quinone
Quintozene
Saccharin
(manufacturing)
Safrole
Selenium
Silver
Styrene
Styrene oxide
Sulfuric acid
*
1,1,2,2-Tetra-
-chloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachlorvinphos
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90'
89
88
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Fugitive or Stack or
Nonpoint Air Point Air
Emissions Emissions
Pounds Pounds
20,133 24,958
20,513
7,177
27,365 36,859
31,633
2,205
711
' 17,717
1,807
891
860, 900
4,600
6,700
20 286
260 21
1,250 790
750
63
314
251
68 258
315 760
250 500
5 0
0 0
250
525
250
511
1,260 799
2,508
2,251
5,555
4,662
7,624
11,482
10,161,049
11,442
14,031
7,849
7,514
7,660
36,519
18,315,297
12,774,403 18,305,231
15,971,500 18,798,591
12,411,252
1,628
1,535
511
511
20,211,285
47
888
1,514
1,803
1,577,640 20,099,089
1,615,390[ 22,523,306
2,388,897j 23,176,433
2,260,222 15,535,829
40,927
38,513
26,259
23,324
6,283
9,352
25,904 17,961
6,482,575 10,204,876
9,074,857 13,321,145
11,966,038 15,512,638
16,125,229 19,668,296
1 129
500 1 254
250 250
250 1
Surface Water
Discharges
Pounds
2,660
17
5
502
0
5
12
140
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
188
. 452
750
1,168
119
297
1,419
1,654
25,609
37,376
51,082
59,069
0
0
0
0
37,243,237
25,804,925
19,763,132
36,534,517
2,102
3,529
5,429
814
7,448
21,510
53,940
33,314
2
0
0
*0
Underground
Injection
Pounds
23,000
0
0 .
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0 '
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
28
5
71
0
22,080
29,040
0
165
0
0
0
0
94,720,218
112,116,427
149,583,139
138,707,333
0
80
283
0
14,000
11,012
50,005
72,250
0
0
0
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
286 ,
198
3,093
896
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
260
171,283
236,714
127,508
250
3,725
10,200
39,510
389,929
161,048
.184,716
242,941
0
0
0
0
7,678,646
2,213,250
6,997,898
4.930,211
0
495
18
29
23,302
1,255
10,791
82,144
0
0
0
0
Total
Releases
Pounds
71,037
27,905
67,322
50,748
4,017
1,607
1.772
11,440
, 306
281
2,290
1,064
314
326
, 1,075
750
5
0
500
1,484
173,794
251,414
144,958
13,801
16,203
26,974
89,165
28,913,964
31,307,098
35,005,889
32,924,712
1,675
2,423
2,025
2,314
161,318,830
164,273,298
201,909,499
197,968,112
66,353
48,900
41,341
44,708
16,732,201
22,429,779
27,593,412
35,981,233
132
754
500
251
220
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
Qu incline
Quinone
Quintozene
Saccharin
(manufacturing)
Safrole
Selenium
Silver
Styrene
Styrene oxide
Sulfuric acid
1,1,2,2-Tetra-
-chloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachlorvinphos
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
90
89 _
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
255
4,893
6,575
6,406
0
0
250
250
11
10
250
250
260
681
500
7,900
12
13
250
265
520
762
1,250
259,353
3,077
4,243
3,624
243,118
254,836
415,027
471,273
0
0
- 250
250
34,175,276
29,443,189
43,403,895
55,970,375
2,005
124
663
400
234,637
450,787
467,081
586,288
9
28
0
2
Transfers Off-site
for Treatment/
Disposal/Other
Pounds
7,950
16,533
22,336
11,187
0
0
120
280
62,950
" 1,087
1,883
12,625
1,750
4,043
4,340
750
0
0
0
6,372
23,146
13,990
6,262
125,446
3,890
53,573
27,138
4,864,767
10,382,640
7,554,518
9,278,019
0
,0
0
750
76,263,792
73,465,888
78,358,651
108,840,212
214,436
150,527
201,051
203,732
3,830,559
4,433,734
4,279,472
5,511,471
33,269
98,128
13,189
49,480
Total
Transfers
Pounds
8,205
21,426
28,911
17,593
0
0
370
530
62,961
1,097
2,133
12,875
2,010
4,724
4,840
8,650
12
13
250
6,637
23,666
14,752
7,512
384,799
6,967
57,816
30,762
5,107,885
10,637,476
7,969,545
9,749,292
0
0
250
1,000
1 10,439,068
102,909,077
121,762,546
164,810,587
216,441
150,651
201,714
204,132
4,065,196
4,884,521
4,746,553
6,097,759
33,278
98,156
13,189
49,482
221
-------
TRI Data Section
Table 3-8. Releases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
Number
7440-28-0
62-55-5
62-56-6
1314-20-1
7550-45-0
108-88-3
584-84-9
91-08-7
95-53-4
8001-35-2
52-68-6
120-82-1
71-55-6
79-00-5
Chemical
Thallium
Thioacetamide
Thiourea
Thorium dioxide
Titanium tetrachloride
Toluene
Toluene-2,4-diiso-
-cyanate
Toluene-2,6-diiso-
-cyanate
o-Toluidine
Toxaphene
Tridilorfon
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
1,1, 1-Trichloro ethane
1,1,2-Trichloroethane
Year
91
90
89
91
90
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
90
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Fugitive 01
Nonpoint Ai
Emissions
Pounds
1
. 250
500
0
Stack or
r Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
29
500
500
0
o; o
250
873
2,300
250
555
565
2,253 1,500
1,504
0
250
250
500
250
610
610
230( 1,350
27,370
6,236
42,397| 11,963
44,785
38,614
73,620,294
84,413,528
93,193,936
102,808,393
12,148
18,862
45,110
47,184
303,581
6,023
24,664
153,253
8,904
12,502
40,054
124,944,414
157,264,379
176,358,467
189,388,805
1,311,804
38,529
48,710
118,928
28,507
19,438
26,693
338,939
1,925
5,367 2,075
22,222
19,196
o
3,627
27,726
0
5J 254
250
500
250
127,598
106,656
239,949
438,009
69,230,762
254
' 347
3
282,051
270,210
905,984
1,094,904
68,274,801
83,389,447[ 81,112,035
91,649,649
90,767,027
94,329
107,637
144,746
618,608
84,215,221
86,001,968
433,437
497,437
642,442
1,122,734
Surface Water
Discharges
Pounds
1
5
0
0
0
0
717
572
971
16,951
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
104,645
198,500
182,297"
197,820
0
0
0
, 0
0
5
0
0
260
252
1,252
1,902
0
9
6
1
0
' 1,669
7,417
4,729
31,628
21,803
16,722
27,309
95,934
1,382
1,351
8,095
5,303
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,400
4,800
5,900
5,940
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,373,207 '
1,432;918
620,403
1,473,666
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
21,100
250
250
250
0
0
0
0
0
3,134
3,479
12,223
7,408
2,805
1,581
2,318
1,000
2
1,091
2,090
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
0
0
500
0
0
0
505
265
752
750
0
0
0 .
0
0
0
0
1,400
185,012
383,904
427,055
741,301
250
5
3,570
1,040
250
5
12,180
510
8,111
8,486
3,563
5,024
0
0
0
0
'0
4,573
725
259
3,073
171,807
62,176
70,630
187,786
256
265
130
89
Total
Releases
Pounds
31
755
1,500
0
0
500
8,050
8,502
11,376
25,645
250
860
860
1,580
33,606
54,360
57,287
80,068
200,227,572
243,693,229
270,782,158
294,609,985
1,324,202
57,396
97,390
167,152
332,338
25,471
63,537
492,702
40,300
16,430
30,914
54,098
0
268
510
848
253
419,025
388,487
1,163,144
1,575,022
137,701,978
164,581,961
175,965,127
177,053,715
529,406
607,781
797,503
1,746,734
222
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
Thallium
Thioacetamide
Thiourea
Thorium dioxide
Titanium tetrachloride
Toluene
Toluene-2,4-diiso-
-cyanate
Toluene-2,6-di iso-
-cyanate
o-Toluidine
Toxaphene
Trichlorfon
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
*
1,1, 1-Trichloroethane
1,1,2-Trichloro ethane
Year
91
90
89
91
90
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
90
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
0
0
250
0
0
0
15,906
11,045
9,263
26,634
250
660
1,277
250
5
5
0
0
1,266,355
1,724,465
3,001,993
3,549,792
0
0
501
500
0
2,005
250
250
8,250
28,312
24,900
15,172
0
0
125
86
215
136,769
229,363
248,011
262,676
293,508
169,540
312,010
304,103
819
855
780
750
Transfers Off-site
for Treatment/
Disposal/Other
Pounds
954
916
250
0
0
250
5,768
3,955
7,586
4,814
102,249
533,147
447,030
677,549
2,368,098
1,975,893
2,354,006
1,667,045
22,006,245
39,898,984
63,484,088
61,614,018
49,809
90,950 "
270,921
229,620
14,423
18,505
105,440
54,731
103,316
12,391
20,016
32,170
2,200
1,192
1,007
1,713
1,566
374,812
683,172
1,121,514
898,387
8,000,615
12,472,740
16,662,054
19,513,105
. 5,004,017
2,019,792
494,719
259,842
Total
Transfers
Pounds
954
916
500
0
0
250
21,674
15,000
16,849
31,448
102,499
533,807
448,307
677,799
2368,103
1,975,898
2,354,006
1,667,045
23,272,600
41,623,449
66,486,081
65,163,810
49,809
90,950
271,422
230,120
14,423
20,510
105,690
54,981
111,566
40,703
44,916
47,342
2,200
1,192
1,132
1,799
1,781
511,581
912,535
1,369,525
1,161,063
8,294,123
12,642,280
16,974,064
19,817,208
5,004,836
2,020,647
495,499
260,592
223
-------
I
TRI Data Section
Table 3-8. Releases and Transfers of All TRI Chpmicals, 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
Number
79-01-6
95-95-4
88-06-2
1582-09-8
95-63-6
51-79-6
7440-62-2
108-05-4
593-60-2
75-01-4
75-35-4
1330-20-7
108-38-3
Chemical
Trichloroethylene
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol
2,4,6-TrichIorophenol
Trifluralin .
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Urethane
Vanadium (fume or dust)
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Xylene (mixed isomers)
m-Xylene
Year
91
90
89
88
91
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
SS
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Fugitive or Stack or
NonpointAir Point Air
Emissions Emissions
Pounds Pounds
16,642,065 18,416,403
18,565,243' 20,358,601
22,579,951 26,769,836
25,879,146
27,900,517
q o
250 0
1 90
ij 79
q 78
2; 114
0, 250
8,449 2,711
12,992 2,616
2,079 1,853
2,020 1,257
2,723,947
3,217,095
2,618,627
2,319,873
2,274,143 2,641,573
1,960,642 2,293,501
0 2,050
760 3,310
250 3,700
140,500 4,873
1,739 " 14,664
2,623 12,683
3,377
3,135
1,102,871
1,204,869
1,438,370
1,470,177
260
9,190
150
4,000
390,119
313,596
399,883
421,880
71,772
69,583
81,686
104,552
27,683,616
31,720,382
36,211,016
33,675,278
926,807
883,439
912,956
1,406,104
5,970
14,029
4,383,624
4,352,276
4,066,033
4,450,214
3,300
915
620
950
657,366
, 821,994
869,149
1,016,047-
213,418
234,130
138,946
191,801
87,869,367
104,476,607
119,500,710
120,715,961
509,426
679,158
565,350
1,010,939
Surface Water
Discharges
Pounds
12,750
14,210,
15,849
13,802
0
0
0
1
79
3,515
50
80
12
322
601
15,756
5,905
10,608
10,353
0
0
0
0
685
670
' 1,004
4,704
9,900
5,558
5,339
10,021
0
270
270
400
4,625
7,291
2,969
2,051
832
251
2,691
3,462
50,801
42,617
. 185,702
203,346
2,260
1,086
2,643
2,566
Underground
Injection
Pounds
800
805
390
390 ,
28,000
0
0
0
0
0
12,000
0
0
0
6
16,898 ,
28,574
7,651
7,964
0
5
0*
0
0
0
0
0
3,088,362
1,360,901
1,296,265
2,109,859
0
0
0
0
4
593
391
53
0
155
720
170
139,948
105,394
70,161
144,728
5
0
0
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
62,991
12,554
8,686
21,186
0
0
0
1
0
250
0
31,835
5
970
0
17,732
12,862
38,136
62,083
0
270
0
0
74,730
63,952
10,702
87,296
7,237
14,151
22,599
18,889
0
0
0
0
251
2,535
3,899
4,409
15
483
540
429
335,613
429,763
474,831
561,857
3,186
1,130
5,730
18,045
Total
Releases
Pounds
35,135,009
38,951,413
49,374,712
53,815,041
28,000
250
91
82
157
3,881
12,300
43,075
15,625
5,224
3,878
5,392,960
5,584,309
4,972,111
4,334,543
2,050
4,345
3,950
145,373
91,818
79,928
21,053
109,164
8,591,994
6,937,755
6,828,606
8,059,160
3,560
10,375
1,040
5,350
1,052,365
1,146,009
1,276,291
1,444,440
286,037
304,602
224,583
300,414
116,079,345
136,774,763
156,442,420
155,301,170
1,441,684
1,564,813
1,486,679
2,437,654
224
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
Trichloroethylene
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
Trifluralin
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Urethane
Vanadium (fume, or dust)
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Xylene (mixed isomers)
m-Xylene
Year
91
90
89
88
91
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
72,845
11,353
31,269
79,252
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
141
93
79
371
238,993
140,928
701,180
501,717
0
750
758
1,010
270
260
751
0
153,451
221,756
178,538
2,319,733
0
0
0
0
252
1,897
7,925
17,104
94
1,000
1,172
3,303
1,437,628
1,892,057
3,835,043
4,159,721
19,178
1,013
2,051
19,708
Transfers Qff-site
for Treatment/
Disposal/Other
Pounds
2,793,368
3,690,232
4,966,856
6,401,817
0
250
20
0
0
0
10
76,617
82,201
71,092
190,546
368,967
, 575,978
607,889
569,529
19,800 '
3,028
12,128
4,908
428,217
41,132
38,924
93,417
174,747
2,087,819
244,501
396,204
0
0
0
0
76,089
130,859
105,396
675,787
74,527
134,773
169,048
405,239-
20,142,051
23,744,311
33,149,576
37,416,803
151,337
174,020
288,112
221,172
Total
Transfers
Pounds
2,866,213
3,701,585
4,998,125
6,481,069
0
250
20
0
0
0
10
76,758
82,294
71,171
190,917
607,960
716,906
1,309,069
1,071,246
19,800
3,778
12,886
5,918
428,487
41,392
39,675
93,417 -
328,498
2,309,575
423,039
2,715,937
0
0
0
0
76,341
132,756
113,321
692,891
74,621
135,773
170,220
408,542
21,579,679
25,636,368
36,984,619
41,576,524
170,515
175,033
290,163
240,880
225
-------
TR1 Data Section
Table 3-8. Releases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
Number
95-47-6
106-42-3
87-62-7
7440-66-6
12122-67-7
Chemical
o-Xylene
p-Xylene
2,6-Xylidine
Zinc (fume or dust)
Zineb
Antimony compounds
Arsenic compounds
Barium compounds
Beryllium compounds
Cadmium compounds
.
Chlorophenols
Chromium compounds
Cobalt compounds
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Fugitive or Stack or
NonpointAir Point Air
Emissions ' Emissions
Pounds Pounds
U53.483J 576,448
1,551,323; 584,787
1,357,510 633,011
1,548,792 641,522
1.343.694J 3,934,677
1,333,708; 3,517,838
1,224,377 3,878,564
1,672,827: 4,352,922
5[ 16
0 17
0 44
0 337
765,614 1,168,410
845,335! 1,323,621
1,942,398! 1,458,370
1,934,992
5
10
250
250
30,395
1,483,841
0
250
250
. 1,000
55,746
42,5671 105,850
74,035
94,909
58,941 106,587
25,007 165,308
51,004 114,826
34,286 141,572
43,461
223,791
248,569 614,578
290,134 916,865
230,300 [ 513,338
152,646 1 848,120
1
1
501
1
17,066
25,878
, 29,235
23,349
3,368
3,909
3,655
2,154
134,838
327,000
845,596
258,132
7,857
10,148
14,334
11,330
241
211
461
861
52,427
66386
55,900
77,163
968
1,022
909
419
427,257
430,382
573,710
511,508
25,946
42,657
65,103
45,329
Surface Water
Discharges
Pounds
6,507
2,541
3,135
2,786
1,076
676
2,017
3,200
0
1,906
1,906
1,537
28,080
40,885
134,950
849,544
0
0
0
0
45,593
32,488
45.624
31,178
4,496
4,103
14,237
6,243
100,702
70,929
83,568
99,428
9
88
25
17
3,580
1,959
1,985
1,799
782
551
294
272
335,233
407,827
477,774
326,027
78,593
90,869
70,468
63,662
Underground
Injection
Pounds
5
0
0
250
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
115
280
2,720
140,010
0
0
0
0
6,509
6,868
3,900
9,200
. 23,000
23,276
33,865
27,400
408
298
850
2,773
0
0
0
0
1,540
1,565
1,772
2,409
229,798
174,100
137,624
71,554
34,619
83,137
59,110
52,653
19,949
19,308
15,562
18,500
Releases
to Land
Pounds
1,618
1,842
3,480
22,461
3,635
1,510
2,285
49,226
0
0
0
0
9,216,574 '
11,332,911
20,523,162
25,617,115
0
0
0
0
1,522,871
1,818,526
1,011,439 .
1,935,018
2,738,853
2,640,888
4,005,229
4,946,434
4,005,169
8,151,047
5,278,783
5,651,655
30,000
40,000
36,000
12,000
248,374
312,631
247,340
295,127
56
2
0
0
24,761,345 '
25,531,086
31,110,567
30,933,660
142,152
195,173
92,902
37,794
Total
Releases
Pounds
1,738,061
2,140,493
1,997,136
2,215,811
5,283,087
4,853,732
5,107,243
6,078,175
21
1,923
1,950
1,874
11,178,793 '
13,543,032
24,061,600
30,025,502
5
260
500
1,250
1,661,114
2,006,299
1,229,907
2,140,924
2,956,664
2,834,097
4,229,189
5,247,329
4,969,426
9,429,273
6,106,839
6,754,622
30,251
40,300
36,987
, 12,879
322,987
408,419
336,232
399,847
234,972
179,584
142,482
74,399
25,693,292
26,779,432
33,066,757
32,081,980
274,497
358,155
258,369
176,615
226
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
o-Xylene
p-Xylene
2,6-Xylidine
Zinc (fume or dust)
Zineb
Antimony compounds
Arsenic compounds
Barium compounds
Beryllium compounds
Cadmium compounds
Chlorophenols
Chromium compounds
Cobalt compounds
^
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
117,628
55,154
132,761
44,023
18,748
256
500
752
0
0
0
0
40,658
45,611
131,830
836,930
0
0
0
0
88,027
37,606
58,126
66,858
1,384
1,961
1,200
3,126
2,045,102
3,009,291
1,202,037
823,073
0
1
1
3
5,462
9,463
11,075
. 13,719
1,330
1,128
2,350
2,650
791,952
949,648
1,009,686
1,707,344
15,242
16,748
24,570
28,364
Transfers Off-site
for Treatment/
Disposal/Other
Pounds
186,490
453,667
304,269
161,509
62,543
55,446
86,462
79,428
0
0
0
0
5,353,413
13,316,592
37,486,804
38,748,702
5
750
500
2,850
1,946,490
2,708,419
2,139,585
2,304,110
1,565,230
16,751,074
2,808,664
1,424,000
19,128,019
20,084,029
15,470,392
17,141,635
2,881
1,121
5,254
8;541
711,377
1,090,524
469,684
1,069,452
104,388
806,406
1,610,640
1,970,912
13,677,921
15,887,785
18,560,750
14,414,623
332,123
427,846
447,814
331,546
Total
Transfers
Pounds
304,118
508,821
437,030
205,532
81,291
55,702
86,962
80,180
0
0
0
0
5,394,071
13,362,203
37,618,634
39,585,632
5
750
500
2,850
2,034,517
2,746,025
2,197,711
2,370,968
1,566,614
16,753,035
2,809,864
1,427,126
21,173,121
23,093,320
16,672,429
17,964,708
2,881
1,122
5,255
8,544
716,839
1,099,987
480,759
1,083,171
105,718
807,534
1,612,990
1,973,562
14,469,873
16,837,433
19,570,436
16,121,967
347,365
444,594
472,384
359,910
227
-------
1
TRI Data Section
Table 3-8. Releases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
Chemical
Copper compounds
Cyanide compounds
Glycol ethers
Lead compounds
Manganese compounds
Mercury compounds
Nickel Compounds
Polybrominated
biphenyls
Selenium compounds
Silver compounds
Thallium compounds
> X
Zinc compounds
Mixtures and other
trade name products
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
. 88
91
90
89
88
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
2,378,725
2,074,560
2,179,085
3,066,74(5
61,839
183,863
220,927
525,618
10,235,089
10,010,915
10,692,285
10,330,586
348,258
414,831
451,239
357,677
490,885
1,349,772
905,441
575,222
1,355
783
2,049
1,001
60,80<|
151.019
151,087
154,362
25i
2,381
5,287
5,756
2,251
6,590
7,584
&,826
5,991
5
5
2
1
1,517,384
1,908,640
1,910,215
3,253,805
189,755,
199,240
800,542
735,457
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
1,870,707
1,838,608 .
1,637,721
1,301,171
708,282
957,080
806,968
625,725
33,678,910
38,847,154
37,785,105
38,081,876
1,059,351
1,208,632
1,110,843
1,176,104
755,529
916,722
938,440
1,241,182
1,475
375
1,960
1,365
182,380
104,304
129,084
109,076
0
34,679
28,925
14,966
12,255
18,238
13,537
14,403
9,415
250
250
254
252
2,710,343
2,856,360
2,903,813
3,995,798
680,261
953,377
5.14U289
2,742,785
Surface Water
Discharges
Pounds
158,621
72,224
141,114
185,613
111,021
125,265
154,576
194,901
507,487
433,969
177,101
292,686
117,976
107,242
115,906
180,113
698,968
722,041
908,046
681,463
47
58
13 '
259
73,071
. 89,134 '
119,061
130,574
0
722
1,145
1,511
250
8,309
1,635
12,096
8,934
0
0
0
750
1,325,812
1,139,374
886,632
1-,196,059
6,063
61,849
2,001
58,960
Underground
Injection
Pounds
225,310
192,434
167,982
165,957
3,781,837
3,383,660
4,491,053
3,707,326
176,033
207,037
364,850
362,198
928
1,608
1,559
2,755
15,327
2,842
1,006,301
6,816,070
9
21
36
27
366,530
259,822
269,266
224,968
0
4,100
5,000
4,500
3,400
25
265
250
250
0
0
0
0
228,007
312,151
162,221
110,555
1,540
1,350,015
750
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
42,424,235
55,751,749
40,749,934
42,531,528
26,768
24,272
29,171
107,208
711,313
273,732
142,233
105,185
13,699,094
14,246,771
14,229,166
20,329,467
68,528,067
83,550,389
85,186,132
84,222,474
28
15
260
500
1,278,693
3,053,612
3,119,841
2,404,132
0
80,295
148,861
1,560
46,000
16,993
21,406
19,990
11,550
255
255
250
250
114,062,672
110,520,809
100,301,281
114,065,328
50,384
22,285
178,230
26,958
Total
Releases
Pounds
47,057,598
59,929,575
44,875,836
47,251,015
4,689,747
4,674,140
5,702,695
5,160,778
45,308,832
49,772,807
49,161,574
49,172,531
15,225,607
15,979,084
15,908,713
22,046,1 16
70,488,776
86,541,766
88,944,360
93,536,411
2,914
1,252
4,318
3,152
1,961,478
3.657,891
3,788,339
3,023,112
250
122,177
189,218
28,293
64,156
50,155
44,427
53,565
36,140
510-
510
506
1,253
119,844,218
116,737,334
106,164,162
122,621,545
928,003
2,586,766
6,122,812
3,564,160
£
228
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
Copper compounds
Cyanide compounds
Glycol ethers
Lead compounds
Manganese compounds
Mercury compounds
Nickel compounds
Polybrominated
biphenyls
Selenium compounds
Silver compounds
Thallium compounds
Zinc compounds
Mixtures and other
trade name products
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
197,460
204,072
375,564
431,978
121,457
119,001
149,168
1,152,244
9,286,863
10,266,603
9,417,876
8,988,363
286,082
158,017
102,264
89,731
3,341,541
6,550,187
6,568,596
1,842,909
22
274
1,034
528
132,553
200,277
259,114
650,232
0
160
478
1,618
1,860
3,308
4,317
6,009
8,078
5
5
4
6
623,374
1,166,425
2,049,705
1,524,278
, 19,463
196,253
130,218
186,938
Transfers Off-site
for Treatment/
Disposal/Other
Pounds
8,775,057
45,183,143
9,602,037
14,478,353
824,559
1,585,823
2,412,619
2,696,674
4,165,811
7,600,432
8,967,219
7,819,411
12,901,597
43,742,871
16,384,625
17,023,928
25,771,961
30,724,316
27,961,977
21,326,757
36,022
36,026
62,581
17,639
4,858,598
6,437,522
9,191,207
5,881,547
0
53,286
59,210
40,637
62,997
4,729
79,659
7,367
14,955
0
0
500
1,250
51,839,649
79,350,809
59,864,014
82,794,896
501,126
1,543,545
4,165,623
11,611,254
Total
Transfers
Pounds
8,972,517
45,387,215
9,977,601
14,910,331
946,016
1,704,824
2,561,787
3,848,918
13,452,674
17,867,035
18,385,095
16,807,774
13,187,679
43,900,888
16,486,889
17,1 13,659
29,113,502
37,274,503
34.530,573
23,169,666
36,044
36,300
63,615
18,167
4,991,151
6,637,799
9,450,321
6,531,779
0
53,446
59,688
42,255
64,857
8,037
83,976
13,376
23,033
5
5
504
1,256
52,463,023
80,517,234
61,913,719
84,319,174"
520,589
1,739,798
4,295,841
11,798,192
229
-------
TRI Data Section
Table 3-8. Releases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1988-1991 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
Chemical
Tirade Secrets
Total
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Fugitive or Stack or
Nonpoint Air Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
Emissions
Pounds
56 893
0 0
0 0
0
609,765,664
0
1,369,580,314
706,748,307 1,575,954,848
793,597 ,781 i 1,768,596,839
823,738,542
1,842,370,656
Surface Water
Discharges
Pounds
1,400
530
3,600
19,700
243,497,317
196,832,760
188,025,233
311,070,591
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
0
710,248,004
745,413,562
1,175,583,836
1,343,633,468
Releases
to Land
Pounds
0
0
0
0
421,160,113
462,679,392
455,029,001
527,546,722
Total
Releases
Pounds
2,349
530
3,600
19,700
3,354,251,412
3,687,628,869
4,380,832,690
4,848,359,979
230
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Chemical
Chemical
Trade Secrets
Total -
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
0
0
0
0
410,596,887
466,123,084
558,575,158
574,045,380
Transfers Off-site
for Treatment/
Disposal/Other
Pounds
33,553
9,500
30,500
20,650
654,313,983
842,451,834
890,356,058
1,028,111,605
Total
Transfers
Pounds
33,553
9,500
30,500
20,650
1,064,910,870
1,308,574,918
1,448,931,216
1,602,156,985
231
-------
-------
THE 1991 TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY
PUBLIC DATA RELEASE
1988 - 1991
Releases and Transfers
by Industry
233
-------
Table 3-9. TRI Releases and Transfers by Industry, 1988-1991.
SIC
Code Industry
20 Food
21 Tobacco
22 Textiles
23 Apparel
24 Lumber
25 Furniture
26 Paper
27 Printing
28 Chemicals
29 Petroleum
30 Plastics
31 Leather
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
.88
91
90
89
88
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
13,214,383
15,095,422
16,995,917
13,522,683
73,809
174,881
49,752
101,907
6,074,982
7,330,722
10,024,229
10,803,918
420,788
335,035
521,777
281,846
6,213,015
6,037,576
5,594,397
6,606,486
7,861,528
8,672,664
10,653,478
9,146,875
28,926,396
35,512,561
37,243,312
40,748,057
26,016,422
27,767,407
31,235,969
33,058,097
181,846,326
203,276,518
226,881,662
235,698,366
34,355,051
35,785,608
38,410,870
45,182,962
45,900,417
57,583,965
51,806,290
50,055,680
3,583,938
3,633,858
3,418,978
3,889,304
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
14,498,210
11,131,425
7,647,861
4,387,037
2,200,965
2,28|3,058
1,656,796
1,715,447
18,344,996
19,00:2,932
20,832,884
26,130,334
953,006
942,705
833,584
74J2.152
24,074,845
27,418,114
29,169,660
25,630,153
46,930,697
52,458,381
54,03^,309
56,962,643
179,322,026
169,284,794
168,115,957
180,18)1,522
18,792,301
22,326,809
25,768,255
27,340,160
422,313,803
487,205,087
551,19^,553
614,91 JL,416
[
21,94^,740
23,189,804
25,942,665
19,597,884
99,925,930
119,505,091
130,776,911
118,854,513
5,991,335
8,556,494
9,489,965
10,882,876
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
2,402,141
3,835,523
3,018,499
. 3,649,698
14,583
22,892
45,092
13,050
261,118
479,227
997,389
1,004,717
182
47,992
250
250
111,379
90,715
188,331
230,979
625
5,490
2,780
3,051
29,662,182
35,660,467
41,099,562
38,150,146
406
- 948
4,716
32,091
187,972,463
131,996,266
110,199,155
231,695,040
3,330,517
3,880,871
3,823,642
3,270,918
579,551
446,651
700,587
630,660
118,645
409,397
228,374
680,755
Underground
Injection
Pounds
210,595
35,258
1,105,786
1,026,719
0
0
0
0
0
: 25
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
90
20
0
0
40
0
0
5
138
1
0
1
20
0
40,000
656,037,120
678,786,904
1,085,475,393
1,100,601,499
14,271,606
16,449,541
25,116,365.
20,486,919
15,795
14,254
8,250
2,754
0
0
0
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
8,929,551
8,488,084
7,999,684
> . 5,507,009
0
1,500
1,511
750
67,407
35,817
46,754
150,350
14,710
770
500
40,849
81,458
110,044
111,695
55,230
261,748
76,226
19,621
74,936
4,088,377
7,476,193
10,006,745
10,524,971
23,486
4,614
1,064
41,566
89,868,300
101,921,164
106,565,503
135,943,723
981,862
2,525,906
2,553,649
2,664,090
499,916
. 187,171
239,802
173,799
83,399
20,603
257,183
353,215
Total
Releases
Pounds
- 39,254,880
38,585,712
36,767,747
28,093,146
2,289,357
2,482,331
1,753,151
1,831,154
24,748,503
26,848,723
31,901,256
38,089,319
1,388,686
1,326,502
1,356,111
1,065,097
30,480,697
33,656,539
35,064,103
32,522,848
55,054,598
61,212,801
64,715,188
66,187,505
241,998,986
247,934,153
256,465,577
269,604,696
44,832,616
50,099,798
57,010,004
60,511,914
1,538,038,012
1,603,185,939
2,080,313,266
2,318,850,044
74,885,776
81,831,730
95,847,191
91,202,773
146,921,609
177,737,132
183,531,840
169,717,406
9,777,317
12,620,352
13,394,500
15,806,150
234
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Industry)
Industry
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91 >
90
89 '
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
38,232,701
40,440,449
37,728,023
38,337,080
9,744
8,841
16,558
791,940
6,765,966
7,862,298
11,150,851
14,633,468
186,721
149,494
' 441,203
471,546
131,011
83,770
109,714
213,016
142,883
329,322
553,177
435,981
44,900,773
54,003,925
48,056,487
46,963,232
329,875
344,849
826,152
3,512,661
236,340,097
283,095,065
351,580,824
333,646,374
7,218,566
6,948,800
10,588,147
10,827,012
5,045,808
4,538,025
5,363,883
4,837,035
5,685,248
8,275,788
9,545,379
10,021,402
Transfers Off-site
for Treatment
Disposal/Other
Pounds
5,057,184
4,504,853
3,457,333
3,155,271
20,295
36,881
38,736
312,982
2,680,339
4,038,495
3,820,915
3,707,196
268,504
169,267
262,335
177,859
1,194,612
2,546,353
3,030,863
4,700,189
2,796,742
4,295,876
4,838,369
6,266,674
11,412,552
12,946,315
25,201,019
21,341,623
1,993,202
4,229,713
4,560,355
5,452,679
277,056,688
254,949,330
295,441,941
355,572,926
3,554,918
6,454,420
6,902,158
8,788,815
14,233,024
20,569,948
22,682,584
24,083,550
1,857,892
2,321,862
2,839,019
2,294,465
Total
Transfers
Pounds
43,289,885
44,945,302
41,185,356
41,492,351
30,039
45,722
55,294
1,104,922
9,446,305
11,900,793
14,971,766
18,340,664
455,225
318,761
703,538
649,405
1,325,623
2,630,123
3,140,577
4,913,205
2,939,625
4,625,198
5,391,546
6,702,655
56,313,325
66,950,240
73,257,506
68,304,855
2,323,077
4,574,562
5,386,507
8,965,340
513,396,785
538,044,395
647,022,765
689,219,300
10,773,484
13,403,220
17,490,305
19,615,827
19,278,832
25,107,973
28,046,467
28,920,585
7,543,140
10,597,650
12,384,398
12,315,867'
235
-------
Table 3-9. TRI Releases and Transfers by Industry, 1988-1991, Continued.
SIC
Code Industry
32 Stone/Clay
'
33 Primary Metals
34 Fabr. Metals
35 Machinery
36 Electrical
37 Transportation
38 Measure./Photo.
39 Miscellaneous
Multiple codes 20-39
No codes 20-39
Total
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
.89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
3,928,496
6,502,675,
8,541,594
8,371,510
41,776,638
55,673,464
58,829,938
65,906,531
43,321,289
48,038,372
54,936,756
50,899,108
14,541,148
20,008,688
26,056,923
25,293,240
21,221,222
25,643,102
31,987,770
36,734,597
48,048,376
63,121,403
73,357,798
76,252,942
11,766,487
13,606,771
16,730,006
17,210,427
6,188,764
7,923,780
'9,391,214
9,391,645
60,403,288
61,610,187
77,790,026
80,473,590
4,082,901
3,413,648
3,139,125
4,108,771
609,765,664
706,748,307
793,597,781
823,738,542
Stacker
. Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
16,960,732
14,400,594
17,916,019
18,959,852
114,250,138
154,185,968
183,428,194
174,278,428
64,267,970
77,269,847
79,238,434
79,371,676
23,502,756
28,633,617
30,588,693
34,393,125
41,929,111
52,740,196
65,897,051
86,211,364
97,501,506
109,531,950
129,972,830
135,212,887
26,654,797
30,141,932
'35,027,606
38,838,102
12,113,431
16,777,923
19,144,204
21,136,080
107,319,680
140,286,168
174,685,087
157,526,181
9,785,339
8,681,959
7,233,321
,9,106,824
1,369,580,314
1,575,954,848
1,768,596,839
l,842,37p,656
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
155,562
166,221
215,095
1,178,292
8,503,163
10,760,069
15,923,475
17,681,379
. 278,576
513,521
313,585
1-,517,127
50,734
206,719
407,257
375,682
389,086
405,894
474,104
686,680
139,004
193,621
135,239
. 370,208
736,288
66,506
431,041
688,569
5,608
11,643
34,603
54,024
8,416,218
7,458,816
9,615,997
8,863,376
369,286
173,311
166,460
293,899
243,497,317
196,832,760
188,025,233
311,070,591
Underground
Injection
Pounds
7,464,305
7,488,065
' 6,570,250
6,580,250
13,536,557
15,644,290'
37,676,115
41,607,936
824
822
338,958
386,120
35
518
250
0
2,224
18,398
48,410
43,720
1,000
320
750
81,850
0
20
0
250
0
75
0
1
9,607,187
25,932,047
19,228,107
172,774,638
9,100,750
1,042,737
15,181
812
710,248,004
745,413,562
1,175,583,836
'1,343,633,468
Releases
to Land
Pounds
2,338,965
2,588,247
3,387,246
4,084,908
254,917,719
272,284,055
242,963,646
279,733,162
1,340,552
828,070
1,048,671
4,204,779
442,764
94,825
309,524
215,868
1,545,301
2,732,973
1,386,432
1,443,596
1,916,444
1,694,619
1,490,479
2,454,763
55,622
29,975
45,263 ,
372,793
51,074
3,364
55,694
273,341
49,528,171
61,195,423
76,395,098
76,680,347
4,123,287
379,749
143,237
2,552,677
421,160,113
462,679,392
455,029,001
527,546,722
Total
Releases
Pounds
30,848,060
31,145,802
36,630204
39,174,812
432,984,215
508,547,846
538,821,368
579,207,436
109,209,211
126,650,632
135,876,404
136,378,810
38,537,437
48,944,367
57,362,647
60,277,915
65,086,944
81,540,563
99,793,767
125,119,957
147,606,330
174,541,913
204,957,096
214,372,650
39,213,194
43,845,204
52,233,916
57,110,141
18,358,877
24,716,785
28,625,715
30,855,091
235,274,544
296,482,641
357,714,315
496,318,132
27,461,563
13,691,404
10,697,324
16,062,983
3,354,251,412
3,687,628,869
4,380,832,690
4,848,359,979
236
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Industry
Industry
Stone/Clay
Primary Metals
Fabr. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transportation
Measure./Photo.
Miscellaneous
Multiple Codes
No Codes
Total
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Transfers
toPOTWs
Pounds
1,687,253
971,943
1,116,905
1,346,738
21,554,649
9,534,180
17,117,474
22,911,920
6,450,876
6,344,106
8,427,744
17,140,977
2,429,416
2,578,381
2,877,472
2,713,794
7,438,837
11,973,027
14,621,694
18,801,849
7,422,111
8,896,838,
7,975,439
7,409,065
1,591,070
1,892,200
2,410,607
3,737,116
797,353
625,502
732,717
454,054
15,214,158
16,509,053
25,709,651
32,715,229
1,021,771
717,228
1,625,057
2,123,891
410,596,887
466,123,084
558,575,158
574,045,380
Transfers Off-site
for Treatment
Disposal/Other
Pounds
12,806,930
9,698,798
14,731,796
19,988,122
139,428,651
288,507,589
228,479,368
275,143,941
42,399,952
63,876,444
74,644,264
77,154,071
8,595,284
12,499,932
18,294,772
20,348,301
33,385,972
34,151,967
36,905,657
44,163,669
25,768,023
37,483,395
. 42,126,874
54,940,627
5,868,391
9,203,900
12,252,110
19,608,312
3,175,046
6,342,221
13,459,849
9,213,991
55,655,718
61,454,386 ;
69,367,626
67,111,082
5,104,064
2,169,889
7,018,115
4,585,260
654,313,983
842,451,834
890,356,058
1,028,111,605
Total
Transfers
Pounds
14,494,183
10,670,741
15,848,701
21,334,860
160,983,300
298,041,769
245,596,842
298,055,861
48,850,828
70,220,550
83,072,008
94,295,048
11,024,700
15,078,313
21,172,244
23,062,095
40,824,809
46,124,994
51,527,351
62,965,518
33,190,134
46,380,233
50,102,313
62,349,692
7,459,461
11,096,100
14,662,717
23,345,428
3,972,399 ,
6,967,723
14,192,566
9,668,045
70,869,876
77,963,439
95,077,277
99,826,311
6,125,835
2,887,117
8,643,172
6,709,151
1,064,910,870
1,308,574,918
1,448,931,216
1,602,156,985
237
-------
238
-------
1988-1991 TRI Releases/Transfers by Industry
Notes
(a) "Other Off-site Transfers" consists of off-site transfers reported without waste management codes. For 1988-1990,
this category is believed to include off-site transfers for energy recovery and recycling that should not have been
reported. For 1991, this category should contain few, if any, transfers for recycling and energy recovery. Because
of this inconsistency, amounts in this "other" category cannot be compared across years (Table 3-2).
(b) "Other Off-site Transfers" consists of off-site transfers reported without valid waste management codes. For 1990,
this category is believed to include about 24 million pounds of off-site transfers for energy recovery and recycling
that should not have been reported. For 1991, the "other" category should contain few, if any, transfers for
recycling and energy recovery. Because of this inconsistency, amounts in this "other" category cannot be com-
pared across years (Table 3-1).
(c) Copper Range Co. in White Pine, Michigan, was the sixth largest decreaser between 1990 and 1991 with a total
decrease in releases of -12,102,600 pounds. However, the facility is not included in the top 50 list because it
indicated that it is not a covered facility (currently, only manufacturing facilities are required to report under
EPCRA section 313) (Table 3-3).
(d) Source: Environmental Protection Agency/Department of Commerce. Release and transfer data include values
for releases and transfers from one 2-digit SIC industry. When a facility reported more than one SIC code, its
releases and transfers were not included in this data (Table 3-5).
(e) Source: Department of Commerce/Environmental Protection Agency (Table 3-6).
239
-------
-------
Chapter 4
The 33/50 Program
-------
-------
TRI REPORTING PROFILES FOR
33/50 PROGRAM CHEMICALS
INTRO DUCT! ON
The 33/50 Program, an EPA voluntary pollution prevention initiative, derives its name from
its overall goals ~ ah interim goal of a 33% reduction by 1992 and an ultimate goal of a 50% reduc-
tion by 1995 in emissions of 17 high-priority toxic chemicals (see Box 4-1), using 1988 TRI report-
ing as a baseline. 12,800 facilities reported that 1.474 billion pounds of 33/50 Program chemicals
were either directly released to the environment or transferred off-site to waste management facili-
ties during 1988. The aim of the 33/50 Program is to reduce this 1.474 billion pounds of pollution
by at least 50% - 737 million pounds ~ by 1995, with an interim reduction target of more than 486
million pounds by 1992.
1992 Interim Goal of 33/50 Program Achieved One Year Early
One of the more noteworthy findings revealed in the 1991 TRI reporting data is that releases
and transfers of 33/50 Program chemicals declined by 34% between 1988 and 1991, surpassing the
Program's 1992 interim 33% national reduction goal a full year ahead of schedule (see Figure 4-1).
Data reported by facilities to TRI for 1991 indicate that releases and transfers of 33/50 Program
chemicals declined from 1.474 billion pounds in the Program's 1988 baseline year to 973 million
pounds in 1991, when categories of reporting in 1991 that were not required for reporting in 1988
are excluded (see below). The 501 million pound reduction in reported emissions through 1991
exceeds by nearly 15 million pounds the amount required to achieve the Program's 1992 interim
33% reduction goal. The early achievement of the Program's 1992 reduction, goal, together with an
analysis of facilities' projected on-site releases and off-site transfers to treatment and disposal of the
17 target chemicals through 1993 (reported for the first time in 1991 and discussed later in this
chapter), offers strong encouragement that the 33/50 Program's ultimate goal of a 50% reduction by
1995 will be achieved.
Many states, a number of industry associations, and numerous individual companies include
33/50 Program chemicals within the scope of their own reduction programs. Twenty-six states had
established toxics use reduction and pollution prevention programs prior to establishment of the
33/50 Program, and these contributed to its design. Others have used the 33/50 Program as a model.
EPA views the 33/50 Program as an umbrella under which the federal government, states, industry,
and communities work in partnership to achieve common goals. Any progress in reducing emis-
sions of 33/50 Program chemicals reflects the efforts of all these partners.
243
-------
33/50 Program Chemicals
1750
1500
1250
1000
750
500
250
Millions of Pounds
1992 Goal:
987.7 million
pounds
1995 Goal:
737.1 million
pounds
1991
Figure 4-1. TRI Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, 1988 -1991.
Exclusions of New TRI Reporting Data
As discussed in Chapter 2, TRI reporting requirements were significantly expanded for 1991
as a result of Congress' passage of the Pollution Prevention Act of 1990. However, analyses of the
progress of the 33/50 Program consider only environmental releases reported in Section 5 of Form R
and those off-site transfers reported in Section 6 that facilities were required to report under 1988
TRI reporting'requirements: transfers to PC«TWs and other transfers for treatment and disposal (as
well as "other," which includes reports with missing or invalid off-site transfer codes).
244
-------
33/50 Program Chemicals
Accordingly, the following quantities of the 17 33/50 Program chemicals that are reported by
facilities in Sections 6 and 8 of Form R are excluded when comparing 1991 and future years' TRI
data to the Program's 1988 baseline:
Off-site Transfers to Energy Recovery (Form R Section 6.2);
Off-site Transfers to Recycling (Form R Section 6.2);
All Quantities Reported for Items in the new Mandatory Source Reduction and
Recycling Activities Section (Form R Section 8.1 - 8.10).
These new reporting categories do, however, provide valuable information to EPA, the
public, and the reporting facilities themselves, and are discussed later in this chapter. These data
will be used by the 33/50 Program extensively in the future to determine how facilities achieve
reductions in environmental releases.
Company Participation in the 33/50 Program
The 33/50 Program represents an innovative experiment aimed at demonstrating whether
voluntary reduction programs can augment the Agency's traditional command-and-control approach
by achieving targeted reductions more quickly than would regulations alone. The Program is part of
a broad group of EPA activities designed to encourage pollution prevention as the best means of
achieving reductions in toxic chemical emissions. The 33/50 Program seeks to instill a pollution
prevention ethic throughout the highest echelons of American businesses.
Initial communications about the 33/50 Program are directed to the Chief Executive Officers
of the parent companies of the more than 16,400 industrial facilities that have reported to EPA's
Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) emitting any of the Program's 17 target chemicals between 1988
17 Priority Chemicals Targeted by the 33/50 Program
Benzene
Cadmium & Compounds
Carbon Tetrachloride
Chloroform
Chromium & Compounds
Cyanides
Dichloromethane
Lead & Compounds
Mercury & Compounds
Methyl Ethyl Ketone
Methyl Isobutyl Ketone
Nickel,& Compounds
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Box 4-1. 33/50 Program Chemicals.
245
-------
33/50 Program Chemicals
and 1990. To date, more than 7,600 companies have been invited to participate. The Program
achieved a major milestone in November, |l992, when the 1,000th company committed to reducing
its releases of toxic chemicals into the environment. In its March, 1993, Third Progress Update, the
33/50 Program reported that a total of 1,135 companies have elected to participate, pledging to
reduce voluntarily nearly 354 million pounds of pollution (see Figure 4-2). Company participation
in the 33/50 Program has risen steadily from its inception in early 1991, increasing twofold from
July, 1991 to February, 1992 (publication dates for the Program's first two Progress Reports), and
again by more than 50% in the Program's second year.
I
Reduction pledges continue to approach the Program's national goals, their slower growth
rate reflecting the fact that companies with the greatest amounts of releases and transfers (the "Top
600") were the first to be contacted. Commitment outreach in recent months has focussed more on
the smaller companies. In addition, the 35J4 million pounds of reductions pledged to date represents
a lower bound, as numeric reduction targets are still being set by about a third of the participating
companies, and companies appear to be achieving greater reductions than they initially anticipated.
Facilities owned by companies that have elected to participate in the 33/50 Program are
reporting greater reductions in emissions o[f the 17 target chemicals than are other facilities asso-
ciated with non-participating companies. Between 1988 and 1991, participating companies reported
a nearly 40% decrease in releases and transfers of Program chemicals, compared to a 27% decline
reported by non-participants. The differenbe between participants and non-participants is somewhat
greater for on-site environmental releases: a 36% reduction in releases for participants versus a 20%
reduction for non-participants. Participating companies, representing only 15% of the companies
invited to participate, were responsible for 60% of the total releases and transfers of Program chemi-
cals in the 1988 baseline year and 56% in 1991.
|
Assessing the success of our efforts to encourage companies to commit to the 33/50 Program
yields two conclusions. EPA's outreach to the larger companies has proven highly successful, with
nearly 60% choosing to enroll. However, getting the message across to the more numerous smaller
companies has been decidedly more difficult; only one in ten have elected to participate. Accord-
ingly, EPA is initiating new outreach approaches to encourage smaller companies to participate,
such as calling facilities directly to discuss the benefits of the Program and to identify and address
any barriers that prevent them from participating.
j
33/50 PROGRAM RELEASES AND TRANSFERS, 1988-1991
i
Figure 4-3 and Table 4-1 present facilities' reports of on-site releases and off-site transfers to
treatment and disposal for 1988 through 1991. The data are aggregated for all TRI chemicals that
have been included in TRI reporting requirements for each of the four years. In addition, 33/50
Program chemicals are broken out in aggregate for comparison to that of all other TRI chemicals.
246
-------
33/50 Program Chemicals
1200
1100
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
Q
Commitments 1995 Pledged Reductions
Number of Companies Millions of Pounds
1135
236
734
'' V. ''
: ^% *&»
h<\T
* X
? ""-=
SfJVS.
*" % V°'v'v
; s * "" :
r -HI
RE?]
», ^H
^ r ^^1
; . ..-.,, ^ ; ^^^^
1200
1100
1000
900
800
700
600
500
\J\J\J
400
300
200
100
July '91 Feb'92 Mar '93 July '91 Feb '92 Mar '93
Figure 4-2. 33/50 Program Commitment Status, March 1993.
247
-------
33/50 Program Chemicals
33/50 Program Chemical Reductions; versus Reductions for Other TRI Chemicals
i
Facilities' 1991 TRI reports show that in the first year after formal announcement of the 33/
50 Program, the 17 target chemicals experienced substantially greater proportional reductions
(-21%) than all other TRI chemicals (-8%). (See Figure 4-3.) This represents a significant change
in the reduction pattern from the two previous years. Prior to 1991, reductions in the releases and
off-site transfers of the 17 33/50 Program chemicals lagged significantly behind reductions in other
TRI chemicals. When the 17 33/50 Program chemicals are subtracted, remaining TRI releases and
transfers declined by 23% from 1988 through 1990, from just under 5 billion pounds to 3.7 billion
pounds. During that same period, emissions of the 17 targeted 33/50 Program chemicals were
reduced by only 16%, from 1.47 billion pounds to 1.24 billion pounds (see Table 4-1).
At the time the 33/50 Program was being formulated, 1988 was the most recent year for
which TRI data were available and the Program's baseline and goals were set accordingly. Reduc-
tions that companies achieved between 1988 and 1990 therefore contribute to the 33/50 Program's
national reduction goals. However, these prior reductions should not be viewed as resulting from
the 33/50 Program, as companies were first informed about the Program in February of 1991.
The 21.2% reduction in releases and transfers of the 17 target chemicals reported by facilities
for 1990 - 1991 is nearly twice the amountiof reductions reported in the previous year (11.5%
between 1989 and 1990), and fully four times greater than the reductions observed between 1988
and 1989 (5.4%). 33/50 Program chemicals also contributed significantly to aggregate TRI release
and transfer reductions observed between 1990 and 1991. While representing only 22% of the total
volume of 1988-comparable TRI releases and transfers in 1991, 33/50 Program chemicals accounted
for nearly half (45%) of the total TRI 1990J - 1991 reductions. Of the 577 million pounds in total
TRI release/transfer reductions reported for 1991,262 million are associated with the Program's 17
target chemicals.
Facilities' 1991 TRI reports on releases and off-site transfers of 33/50 Program chemicals, as
well as updated reports for 1988 through 1090, are summarized by chemical and release medium/
transfer management method in Table 4-2 (organics are listed first). Off-site transfers of 33/50
Program chemicals have declined at a much higher rate than have their on-site environmental
releases. Transfers are down 50% from 19,88, 39% in the last year alone. On-site releases, which
accounted for 80% of the 33/50 Program 1988 release/transfer baseline, declined by 30% through
1991 and 17% in the last year (compared to 9% for all other TRI chemicals).
248
-------
33/50 Program Chemicals
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
Millions of Pounds
1988
EJ1989
1990
01991
All TRI Chemicals
(Excluding
Additions/Deletions)
TRI Chemicals Less
33/50 Chemicals
33/50 Program
Chemicals Only
Figure 4-3. Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals compared to other TRI Chemicals, 1988-1991.
Table 4-1. Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals compared to other TRI Chemicals, 1988-1991.
Year
1988
1989
1990
1991
1988-1991
1988-1990
1990-1991
AH TRI Chemicals
(excluding Additions/
Deletions)
Pounds
6,450,516,964
5,829,763,906
4,996,203,787
4,419,162,282
Percent Change
, -31.4%
-22.5%
-11.5%
TRI Chemicals
Less 33/50
Chemicals
Pounds
4,976,369,274
4,434,701,979
3,760,960,034
3,446,042,372
Percent Change
-30.7%
-24.4%
-8.3%
33/50 Program
Chemicals
Only
Pounds
1,474,147,690
1,395,061,927
1,235,243,753
, 973,119,910
Percent Change
-33.9%
-16.2%
-21.2%
249
-------
33/50 Program Chemicals
Table 4-2. TRI Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Chemicals, 1988-1991.
CAS
Number Chemical
71-43-2 Benzene
S6-23-S Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
.
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
"
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Fugitive or Stack or
Nonpoint Air Point Air
Year
Emissions Emissions
Pounds Pounds
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
9,971,30? 7,503,182
14,5 16,266 10,686,871
15,045,66p 11,694,181
20,235,191 11,027,298
528,100 1,018,701
419,00^ 1,320,225
943,133 2,507,116
1,081,552 2,695,101
7,660,99
7 11,421,891
8388,150 14,138,445
8,872,690 16,841,084
7,566,776 17,469,790
31,726,830 47,611,641
37,744,01^ 62,532,366
42,295,554 81,864,100
48,751,550 79,242,388
33,149,766 70,271,889
42,863,784 85,627,333
41,693,966 94,365,489
38,687,92j3 97,348,615
8,411,877 18,786,642
9,688,471 18,021,527
10,850,25^) 20,673^02
13,015,362 18,610,414
6,482,575 10,204,876
9,074,857 13,321,145
11,966,0318 15,512,638
16,125,229 19,668,296
73,620,294 124,944,414
84,413,528 157,264,379
93,193,936 176,358,467
102,808393 189,388,805
69,230,762 68,274,801
83,389,447 81,112,035
91,649,649 84,215,221
90,767,027 86,001,968
16,642,065 18,416,403
18,565,243 20,358,601
22,579,951 26,769,836
25,879,146 27,900,517
31,107,600 92,889,918
35,488,851 109,258,390
39,705,859 124,577,635
38,303,001 126,721,344
18,923 55,518
31,249 78,820
41,571 79,336
32,64? 90,293 '
'
250
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
26,896
24,524
169,274
46,998
2,844
4,718
15,656
15,627
769,569
1,005,860
1,177,743
1,126,484
98,877
190,500
226,823
350,050
141,354
77,514
71,781
91,344
167,405
53,798
449,407
762,108
7,448
21,510
53,940
33,314
104,645
198,500
182,297
197,820
21,803
16,722
27,309
95,934
12,750
14,210
15,849
13,802
60,644
46,920
193,497
211,898
4,241
3,339
4,731
4,397
Underground
Injection
Pounds
834,242
689,066
668,610
825,035
42,470
31,557 '
122,043
98,054
65,089
89,560
64,338
36,002
1,317,706
850,018
1,937,469
1,478,834
355,736
146;199
200,703
253,762
161,600
52,221
81,850
116,650
14,000
11,012
50,005
72,250
1373,207
1,432,918 '
620,403
1,473,666
2,805
1,581
2,318 ,
1,000
800
805
390
390
139,963
105,394
70,161
144,978
1,540
1,575
1,772
2,409
Releases
to Land
Pounds
111,928
722,486
120355
127,920
2,152
1,005
1,616
14,759
22,150
. 57,924
70,265
68,546
117,788
21,024
15,894
157,211
180,492
50,423
171,347
166,458
177,939
24,733
20,891
31,770
23,302
1,255
10,791
82,144
185,012
383,904
427,055
741,301
171,807
62,176
70,630
187,786
62,991
12,554
8,686
21,186
344,052
434,245
486,326
651,589
251,127
404,423
350,503
389,729
Total
Releases
Pounds
18,447,556
26,639,213
27,698,080
32,262,442
' 1494,267
1,776,506
3489,564
3,905,093
19,939,696
23,679,939
27,026,120
26,267498
80,872,842
101,337,923
126,339,840
129,980,033
104,099,237
128,765,253
136,503,286
136,548,102
27,705,463
27,840,750
32,075,909
32,536,304
16,732,201
22,429,779
27,593,412
35,981,233
200,227472
243,693,229
270,782,158
294,609,985
137,701,978
164,581,961
175,965,127
177,053,715
35,135,009
38,951,413
. 49,374,712
53,815,041
124,542,177
145,333,801
165,033,478
166,032,810
331349
519,406
477,913
519,477
-------
33/50 Program Chemicals
CAS
Number
71-43-2
56-23-5
67-66-3
75-09-2
78-93-3
108-10-1
127-18-4
108-88-3
71-55-6
79-01-6
f
Chemical
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Transfers Off-site
Transfers for Treatment
to POTWs Disposal/Other
Pounds Pounds
613,449 1,799,039
634,025 2,221,216
1,107,975 1,839,858
1,135,172 2,295,959.
621 980,569
42,050 1,082,188
3,841 1,716,813
5,014 1,350,511
809,427 1,827,299
802,260 1,321,726
1,101,731 865,533
1,226,573 1,369,922
1,308,202 12,605,336
1,281,832 9,163,437
921,911 12,813,000
1,830,832 22,688,907
772,861 9,998,866
867,891 20,323,777
886,502 28,506,748
962,868 28,620,683
816,066 2,274,295
1,258,294 4,548,341
1,286,727 6,468,802
1,509,030 10,323,972
234,637 3,830,559
450,787 4,433,734 ,
467,081 4,279,472
586,288 5,511,471
1,266,355 22,006,245
. 1,724,465 39,898,984
3,001,993 63,484,088
3,549,792 61,614,018
293,508 8,000,615
169,540 12,472,740
312,010 16,662,054
304,103 19,513,105
72,845 2,793,368
11,353 3,690,232
31,269 4,966,856
79,252 6,401,817
1,593,182 20,542,421
1,948,480 24,427,444
3,970,355 33,828,419
4,224,204 37,878,912
265,771, 1,449,863
14,278 1,325,800
19,564 748,958
21,613 1,289,122
Total
Transfers
Pounds
2,412,488
2,855,241
2,947,833
3,431,131
981,190
1,124,238
1,720,654
1,355,525
2,636,726
2,123,986
1,967,264
2,596,495
13,913,538
10,445,269
13,734,911
24,519,739
10,771,727
21,191,668
29,393,250
29,583,551
3,090,361
5,806,635
7,755,529
11,833,002
4,065,196
4,884,521
4,746,553
6,097,759
23,272,600
41,623,449
66,486,081
65,163,810
8,294,123
12,642,280
16,974,064
19,817,208
2,866,213
3,701,585
4,998,125
6,481,069
22,135,603
26,375,924
37,798,774
42,103,116
1,715,634
1,340,078
768,522
1,310,735
251
-------
A
I
r
$3^ 33/50 Program Chemicals 1
Table 4-2.
CAS
Number
TRI Releases and Transfers
Chemical
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and
lead compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
Total
Total less
33/50 Chemicals
Total for All
TRI Chemicals
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89'
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
of 33/50 Chemicals, 1988-1991, Continued.
Fugitive or Stack or
NonpointAir Point Air
Emissions Emissions
Pounds Pounds
585,757
582,076
1,624,574
615,838
125,870
240,688
313,594
657,222
553,782
917,589
757,704
858,635
11,912
14,798
18,112
17,037
469,498
375,830
819,300
414,913
1
290,297,916
346,713,844
382,371,550
405,817,444
319,467,748
360,034,463
411,226,231
417,921,098
609,765,66^
706,748,307
793,597,781
823,738,542
532,744
596,901
737,750
713,310
1,899,044
1,620,330
1,485,888
1,606,398
1,285,604
1,569,431
1,664,854
1,821,383
7,830
8,759
11,482
8,724
322,989
315,836
319,959
285,076
475,448,087
577,831,394
659,678,538
680,599,720
894,132,227
998,123,454
1,108,918,301
1,161,770,936
1,369,580,314
1,575,954,848
1,768,596,839
1,842,370,656
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
352,522
448,076
546,412
400,837
119,860
129,089
160,186
197,201
138,433
~ 132,656
149,235
241,243
671
809
1,568
1,656
126,954
146,456
206,813
219,780
2,156,916
2,515,201
3,652,521
4,010,493
241,340,401
194,317,559
184,372,712
307,060,098
243,497,317
196,832,760
188,025,233
311,070,591
Underground
Injection
Pounds
35,150
83,222
59,803
54,902
4,727,763
4,981,212
8,025,123
5,445,176
928
1,648
1,564
2,760
9
21
36
27
370,948
268,958
288,212
239,263
9,443,956
8,746,967
12,194,800
10,245,158
700,804,048
736,666,595
1,163,389,036
1,333,388,310
710,248,004
745,413,562
1,175,583,836
1,343,633,468
Releases
to Land
Pounds
25,916,872
28,257,128
34,477,025
. 40,228,739
26,785
24,320
29,499
108,969
17,022,789
19,069,275
20,075,314
26,962,797
5,315
4,199
5,202
13,779
1,672,468
6,060,825
4,413,068
3,629,809
46,294,969
35,591,899
60,754,467
73,584,492
374,865,144
407,087,493
394,274,534
453,962,230
421,160,113
462,679,392
455,029,001
527,546,722
Total
Releases
Pounds .
27,423,045
29,967,403
. 37,445,564
42,013,626
6,899,322
6,995,639
10,014,290
8,014,966
19,001,536
21,690,599
22,648,671
29,886,818
25,737
28,586
36,400
41,223
2,962,857 ,
7,167,905
6,047,352
4,788,841
823,641,844
991,399,305
1,118,651,876
1,174,257,307
2,530,609,568
2,696,229,564
3,262,180,814
3,67,4,102,672
3,354,251,412
3,687,628,869
4,380,832,690
4,848,359,979
252
-------
33/50 Program Chemicals
CAS
Number Chemical
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and
lead compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
Total
Total less
33/50 Chemicals
Total for All
TRI Chemicals
Year
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88.
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
91
90
89
88
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
1,188,103
1,113,077
1,330,666
2,125,066
121,728
119,291
149,462
1,152,581
592,526
191,277
152,316
211,951
64
316
2,058
2,141
639,048
314,721
449,440
902,504
10,588,393
10,943,937
15,194,901
19,828,984
400,008,494
455,179,147
543,380,257
554,216,396
410,596,887
466,123,084
558,575,158
574,045,380
Transfers Off-site
for Treatment
Disposal/Other
Pounds
20,265,897
35,623,076
32,774,374
31,664,881
824,994
1,589,950
2,436,901
2,719,125
20,156,681
56,043,501
31,041,273
30,708,010
193,973
213,305
188,144
275,017
9,339,653
14,521,060
18,593,857
15,835,967
138,889,673
232,900,511
261,215,150
280,061,399
515,424,310
609,551^23
629,140,908
74(8,050,206
654,313,983
842,451,834
890,356,058
1,028,111,605
Total
Transfers
Pounds
21,454,000
36V736,153
34,105,040
33,789,947
946,722
1,709,241
2,586,363
3,871,706
20,749,207
56,234,778
31,193,589
30,919,961
194,037
213,621
190,202
277,158
9,978,701
14,835,781
19,043,297
16,738,471
149,478,066
243,844,448
276,410,051
299,890,383
915,432,804
1,064,730,470
1,172,521,165
1,302,266,602
1,064,910,870
1,308,574,9.18
1,448,931,216
1,602,156,985
253
-------
33/50 Program Chemicals
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
Millions of Pounds
11988
1990
E31991
Fugitive Stack Surface Underground Land
Air Air Water Injection
Transfers Treatment/
to POTWs Disposal/
Other
Off-site
Figure 4-4. Total TRI Releases and Transfers of |33/50 Program Chemicals, by On-site Release Medium/Transfer
Management Type, 1988-1991. i
33/50 Program Chemical Releases and Transfers, by Medium and by Chemical
Figures 4-4 and 4-5 present reduction trends for 33/50 Program chemicals aggregated by on-
site release medium/off-site transfer type, and by chemical, respectively. The figures are provided
for illustrative purposes only. No attempt has been made at this time to extract conclusions or
discern patterns in the 1991 reporting at these more detailed levels. These will be the subject of
future 33/50 Program progress reports, in conjunction with updates on Pro gram .participation status.
254
-------
33/50 Program Chemicals
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nicke) and nickel compounds
IB1988
^1989
01990
E31991
100 200 300
Millions of Pounds ,
400
Figure 4-5. Total TRI Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, by Chemical, 1988-1991.
255
-------
33/50 Program Chemicals
Table 4-3. TRI Releases of 33/50 Chemicals, 1991.
CAS
Number Chemical
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl kctone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tctrachloroethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
Total
Total less 33/50 Chemicals
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Fugitive or Stacker Surface
NonpointAir Point Air Water Underground Releases
Emissions Emissions Discharges Injection to Land
Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds
9,97i,308 7,503,182 26,896 834,242 111,928
528,100 1,018,701 2,844 42,470 2,152
7,660,997 11,421,891 769,569 65,089 22,150
31,726,830 47,611,641 98,877 1,317,706 117,788
33,149,766 70,271,889 141,354 355,736 180,492
8,411,877 18,786,642 167,405 161,600 177,939
6,482,575 10,204,876 7,448 14,000 23,302
73,620,294 124,944,414 104,645 1,373,207 185,012
69,230,762 68,274,801 21,803 2,805 171,807
16,642,065 18,416,403 12,750 800 62,991
31,107,600 92,889,918 60,644 139,963 344,052
18,923 55,518 4,241 1,540 251,127
'
585,757 532,744 352,522 35,150 25,916,872
125,870 1,899,044 119,860 4,727,763 26,785
553,782 1,285,604 138,433 928 17,022,789
11,912 7,830 671 9 5,315
469,498 322,989 126,954 370,948 1,672,468
[
290,297,916 475,448,087 2,156,916 9,443,956 46,294,969
336,081,480 908,726,582 241,356,856 700,933,181 375,133,175
626,379,396 1,384,174,669 243,513,772 710,377,137 421,428,144
Total
Releases
Pounds
18,447,556
1,594,267
19,939,696
80,872,842
104,099,237
27,705,463
16,732,201
200,227,572
137,701,978
35,135,009
,124,542,177
331,349
27,423,045
6,899,322
19,001,536
25,737
2,962,857
823,641,844
t
2,562,231,274
3,385,873,118
TRI POLLUTION PREVENTION ACT DATA FOR 33/50 PROGRAM CHEMICALS
As described in Chapter 2, the Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 (PPA) substantially
expanded the scope of TRI to include reporting on additional toxic chemical management activities.
Off-site transfers to energy recovery and recycling, processes are now reported in Section 6.2 of
Form R in addition to the previously reported transfers to POTW's and other treatment and disposal
facilities. Off-site transfers to energy recovery and recycling facilities are also reported in Section 8
of Form R, which was made mandatory und^r the PPA, in addition to amounts of toxic chemicals
combusted for on-site energy recovery or recovered in on-site recycling processes. Section 8 also
includes reporting on amounts of toxic chemicals destroyed in on-site treatment systems and
amounts sent to off-site treatment facilities, ias well as an aggregate of the amounts of each chemical
the facility released to the environment as a result of on-site operations plus the amounts shipped
off-site for disposal.
256
-------
33/50 Program Chemicals
Table 4-4. TRI Transfers of 33/50 Chemicals, 1991.
CAS
Number
71-43-2
56-23-5
67-66-3
75-09-2
78-93-3
108-10-1
127-18-4
108-88-3
71-55-6
79-01-6
Chemical
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Tricnloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
Total
Total less 33/50 Chemicals
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
613,449
621
809,427
1,308,202
772,861
816,066
234,637
1,266,355
293,508
72,845
1,593,182
265,771
1,188,103
121,728
592,526
64
639,048
10,588,393
401,318,705
411,907,098
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
1,656,194
939,774
1,755,778
11,956,118,
9,365,077
2,112,745
3,580,303
20,171,434
6,743,974
2,577,754
19,283,497
388,557
3,969,938
447,295
4,559,119
65,531
2,318,764
91,891,852
260,541,316
352,433,168
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
142,460
39,111
71,518
495,762
512,746
155,643
112,237
1,636,162
969,200
115,974
1,001,342
1,019,701
15,972,793
365,309
15,494,344 '
128,442
6,648,274
44,881,018
254,161,433
299,042,451
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
3,675,466
11,061
255,288
3,717,385
35,111,556
18,801,198
1,232,887
80,207,715
3,212,938
802,290
69,220,174
7,460
69,423
500
68,833
5
12,353
216,406,532
221,818,810
438,225,342
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
353,205
390,625
2,077,870
29,163,629
26,033,673
20,346,186
10,694,611
24,882,493
27,237,545
6,785,517
38,913,506
2,266,912
68,437,500
82,660
204,841,122
445,451
60,230,889
523,183,394
1,830,940,192
2,354,123,586
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
385
1,684
3
153,456
121,043
5,907
138,019
198,649
287,441
99,640
257,582
41,605
323,166
12,390
103,218
0
372,615
2,116,803
7,433,076
9,549,879
Total
Transfers
Pounds
6,441,159
1,382,876
4,969,884
46,794,552
71,916,956
42,237,745
15,992,694
128,362,808
. 38,744,606
10,454,020
130,269,283
3,990,006
89,960,923
1,029,882
225,659,162
639,493
70,221,943
889,067,992
2,976,213,532
3,865,281,524
Section 8 reporting items described above pertain only to chemical quantities contained in
wastes that are the result of regular production-related activities. Toxic chemical quantities con-
tained in wastes that are generated at the facility through non-routine activities, such as spill clean-
ups and other catastrophic events, are reported in a separate Section 8 reporting item. Each of the
items reported for production-related wastes in Section 8 is reported in aggregate, by chemical, for
the reporting year (1991), the prior year (1990), and forecasted by facilities for the two successive
years (1992 and 1993).
33/50 Transfers to Energy Recovery and Recycling
Tables 4-3 and 4-4 present a complete summary of 1991 on-site releases and off-site trans-
fers reported by facilities in Sections 5 and 6 of Form R for each 33/50 Program chemical, by on-
site release medium and off-site transfer type. Release reporting in Section 5, summing to 823.6
million pounds, is identical in nature to reporting in prior years. Reporting on off-site transfers,
however, has been significantly affected by the new PPA requirement to include transfers to energy
257
-------
^r 33/50 Program Chemicals
recovery (216.4 million pounds) and transfers to recycling (523.2 million pounds). Each of these
new reporting categories on its own exceeds the total for all off-site transfers that were previously
required to be reported (149.5 million pounds).
I . .
These new data indicate that the bulk of 33/50 Program metals and their associated
compounds were shipped off-site for recycling. Some quantities of metals erroneously have been
reported as sent off-site for energy recovery as metals do not contribute to the heating value of the
wastes in which they are contained and are hot destroyed in energy recovery processes. Off-site
recycling of lead and its compounds alone accounted for nearly 40% of all such transfers of 33/50
Program chemicals. Greater quantities of the organic chemicals were also recycled than were
burned for energy. Energy recovery was a more prevalent off-site management method than recyc-
ling only for benzene, methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, and xylenes.
[ -
Management of 33/50 Program Chemicals in Wastes
i , .
Tables 4-5 through 4-9 present all four years of Section 8 reporting data for each 33/50
Program chemical, by waste management aptivity (non-production-related wastes are reported only
for 1991). Again, the magnitude of the quantities associated with new reporting categories is over-
whelming relative to the amounts for previously reported releases and transfers. On-site recycling
(4.3 billion pounds) dominates the waste management picture for the 17 Program chemicals, more
than quadrupling the 1988-comparable figures in 1991. As expected, quantities associated with on-
site waste management activities are substantially greater than off-site transfers to similar manage-
ment methods.
Analysts will note significant discrepancies between reported off-site transfers to energy
recovery and recycling in Sections 6 and 8. i Less significant discrepancies can also be observed in
the reporting of off-site shipments to treatment. The causes and meaning of these discrepancies are
discussed in Chapter 2. Figure 4-6 presents two profiles of 1991 reporting data for 33/50 Program
chemicals to illustrate the impact of the expansions to TRI reporting brought about by the PPA.
Two views are presented to accommodate the significant discrepancies in reporting for off-site
energy recovery and recycling. In one profile (left), off-site energy recovery and recycling data are
taken from Section 6. In the other profile (right), off-site energy recovery and recycling data are
taken from Section 8. In both profiles, Section 8 data for off-site treatment (77 million pounds) are
omitted, as their inclusion would duplicate Off-site treatment quantities (102.5 million pounds)
included in the 1988-comparable release/transfer amount reported in Section 6. Section 8.1 report-^
ing for on-site releases and off-site transfers to disposal (846.3 million pounds) is also excluded in
favor of their counterparts from Section 5 aiid 6 (823.6 million pounds of on-site releases plus 44.9
million pounds of transfers to disposal).
258
-------
33/50 Program Chemicals
Table 4-5. TRI Data Collected under the Pollution Prevention Act for 33/50 Chemicals, 1990 -1993: Quantity
Recycled(a).
CAS
Number Chemical
-
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichlproethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanides
Lead and lead compounds .
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
; Subtotal On-site for 33/50 Chemicals
Subtotal On-site less 33/50 Chemicals
Subtotal On-site for All TRI Chemicals
CAS
Number Chemical
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform,
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium/compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanides
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
Subtotal Off-site for 33/50 Chemicals
Subtotal Off-site less 33/50 Chemicals
Subtotal Off-site for All TRI Chemical
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
Total less 33/50 Chemicals
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Projected Data
1990
On-site
Pounds
186,221,940
13,809,422
4,120,879
153,704,577
860,316,285
172,649,101
141,398,774
1,044,915,519
188,056,560
223,411,546
176,416,278
3,680,759
66,854,044
4,826,689
722,419,745
1,544,836
40,416,570
4,004,763,524
10,447,403,204
14,452,166,728
1991
On-site
Pounds
196,393,605
10,238,966
4,125,901
182,108,296
864,307,237
184,837,606
118,584,078
'1,118,482,253
204,077,933
253,517,471
207,081,028
3,865,283
91,951,101
3,815,454
774,086,405
1,282,925
48,601,735
4,267,357,277
12,111,751,405
16,379,108,682
1992
On-site
Pounds
202,417,036
14,299,143
4,149,851
171,887,424
873,842,445
183,517,967
100,085,824
1,126,516,579
170,420,702
253,726,305
173,057,124
3,800,234
84,412,237
5,370,332
843,333,074
946,870
44,418,955
4,256,202,102
11,643,298,317 ,
15,899,500,419
1993
On-site
Pounds
205,490,682
14,824,425
4,189,401
175,443,735
877,203,944
179,009,876
100,707,105
1,108,863,252
104,844,395
250,591,479
176,307,518
3,765,578
86,717,179 .
4,666,497
896,477,272
951,870
46,024,696
4,236,078,904
11,765,547,167
16,001,626,071
Projected Data
1990
Off-site
Pounds
825,048
9,901
301,029
27,349,922
26,615,454
12,259,999
8,587,970
19,940,589
29,815,008
7,142,607
25,237,600
2,536,773
64,485,821
62,415
274,126,453
111,001
51,718,854
551,126,444
1,983,231,225
2,534,357,669
4,555,889,968
12,430,634,429
16,986,524,397
1991
Off-site
Pounds
1,414,752
390,538
2,078,744
26,224,925
24,888,298
17,952,566
9,035,196
24,557,245
28,751,600
7,446,327
33,701,307
2,039,641
106,599,026
38,280
273,499,683
274,247
78,737,821
637,630,196
2,624,350,735
3,261,980,931
4,904,987,473
14,736,102,140
19,641,089,613
1992
Off-site
Pounds
1,314,877
367,312
2,041,306
23,995,107
25,029,100
17,722,322
7,963,251
24,863,740
22,123,251
6,052,720
30,886,210
2,060,981
94,945,018
44,074
281,759,583
336,080
72,225,397
613,730,329
2,602,497,818
3,216,228,147
4,869,932,431
14,245,796,135
19,115,728,566
1993
Off-site
Pounds
814,678
366,722
2,041,313
19,742,164
24,040,995
18,119,834
7,924,658
23,355,561
14,070,105
4,984,824
32,032,227
2,081,824
99,739,938
8,465
294,874,150
336,334
73,600,958
618,134,750
2,598,748,897
3,216,883,647
4,854,213,654
14,364,296,064
19,218,509,718
259
-------
33/50 Program Chemicals
Table 4-6.
TRI Data Collected under the Pollution Prevention Act for 33/50 Chemicals, 1990 -1993: Quantity
Used for Energy Recovery(a). ! ' , .
CAS
Number Chemical
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanides
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
Subtotal On-site for 33/50 Chemicals
Subtotal On-site less 33/50 Chemicals
Subtotal On-site for All TRI Chemical
CAS
Number , Chemical
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanides
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
Subtotal Off-site for 33/50 Chemicals
Subtotal Off-site less 33/50 Chemicals
Subtotal Off-site for All TRI Chemicals
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
Total less 33/50 Chemicals
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Protected Data
1990
On-site
Pounds
21,176,508
3,288,879
1,990,067
15,632,408
90,352,222
42,654,440
12,382,080
250,558,252
7,363,780
, 6',083,419
197,292,824
0
0
42,279,210
83,604
0
! 0
691,137,693
2,070,035,242
2,761,172,935
1991
On-site
Pounds
33,714,288
5,964,156
' 5,499,527
14,270,049
94,341,416
36,906,508
4,013,084
254,980,246
14,001,816
6,188,130
217,136,701
0
0
22,849,436
116,475
0
0
709,981,832
2,476,813,901
3,186,795,733
1992
On-site
Pounds
28,812,538
15,555,356
7,519,104
15,310,887
95,158,244
37,823,204
4,226,835
262,443,091
14,637,770
6,212,991
223,801,420
0
1
20,922,422
118,500
0
10
732,542,373
2,491,144,959
3,223,687,332
1993
On-site
Pounds
26,158,418
18,746,865
9,496,582
16,221,100
107,555,209
42,955,740
4,452,966
288,619,559
15,354,150
6,581,666
239,747,588
0
0
21,279,382
119,200
0
10
797,288,435
3,157,142,198
3,954,430,633
Projected Data
1990
Off-site
Pounds
3,372,068
1,835
346,140
5,746,239
36,653,958
12,022,235
909,105
72,799,299
3,493,538
! 1,002,311
64,803,135
6,282
53,683
14
! 32,312
0
13,875
201,256,029
225,699,366
426,955,395
892,393,722
2,295,734,608
3,188,128,330
\
. 1991
Off-site
Pounds -
4,932,365
10,849
720,671
6,066,234
38,424,594
19,306,703
1,504,622
86,805,609
3,913,519
1,045,752
78,056,842
8,317
74,993
24
69,831
3,241
9,629
240,953,795
256,803,676
497,757,471
950,935,627
2,733,617,577
3,684,553,204
1992'
Off-site
Pounds
4,529,408
5,281
621,330
5,319,225
36,077,565
18,676,693
1,080,036
86,510,188
3,033,116
811,472
75,318,262
7,620-
74,344
415
66,704
9,435
4,701
232,145,795
253,747,321
485,893,116
964,688,168
2,744,892,280
3,709,580,448
1993
Off-site
Pounds
4,943,593
291
546,922
4,906,635
34,365,357
19,096,258
893,510
84,352,277
2,131,378
581,760
71,066,260
6,968
66,578
3,915
64^264
500
4,694
223,031,160
249,733,225
472,764,385
1,020,319,595
3,406,875,423
4,427,195,018
260 .
-------
33/50 Program Chemicals
Table 4-7. TRI Data Collected under the Pollution Prevention Act for33/50 Chemicals, 1990 -1993: Quantity
Treated(a).
CAS
Number Chemical
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanides
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
Subtotal On-site for 33/50 Chemicals
Subtotal On-site less 33/50 Chemicals
Subtotal On-site for All TRI Chemicals
CAS
Number Chemical
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanides
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
Subtotal Off-site for 33/50 Chemicals
Subtotal Off-site less 33/50 Chemicals
Subtotal Off-site for All TRI Chemicals
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
Total less 33/50 Chemicals
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Projected Data
1990
On-site
Pounds
21,865,259
13,123,649
33,086,010
31,161,206
33,969,950
9,079,196
19,531,235
99,851,002
3,620,168
1,798,181
32,087,790
962,670
25,996,738
49,102,212
44,258,209
35,157
18,885,365
438,413,997
8,608,976,557
9,047,390,554
1991
On-site
Pounds
31,256,769
15,074,894
26,581,978
34,185,873
45,423,894 ,
11,765,185
15,284,084
128,268,450
3,047,769
4,886,629
49,180,388
712,333
35,697,855
50,527,548
42,243,213
35,853
19,545,273
513,717,988
9,269,656,632
9,783,374,620
1992
On-site
Pounds
30,799,920
14,924,565
26,600,006
36,339,814
48,814,259
11,945,634
15,786,368
142,527,931
2,439,239
4,698,415
52,651,046
705,249
40,377,635
51,209,641
42,763,966
37,450
18,863,329
541,484,467
9,615,878,074
10,157,362,541
1993
On-site
Pounds
31,517,292
15,362,639
26,773,101
38,081,156
48,466,536
12,198,975
15,981,873
163,838,919
2,850,333
4,790,711
55,059,974
612,729
42,648,217
52,074,846
42,621,846
99,321
18,847,258
571,825,726
9,584,434,494
10,156,260,220
Projected Data
1990
Off-site
Pounds
2,662,027
971,935
1,935,098
8,345,059
7,708,590
3,207,654
2,841,310
16,850,242
4,633,476
' 2,472,268
11,536,274
187,530
5,481,567
364,474
6,759,380
100,779
4,391,217
80,448,880
773,451,024.
853,899,904
518,862,877
9,382,427,581
9,901,290,458
1991
Off-site
Pounds
2,163,924
840,933
2,007,797
10,528,620
7,757,468
2,532,919
3,305,286
13,865,706
5,253,041
2,630,021
11,994,985
357,559
4,972,054
418,974
5,719,036
64,797
2,593,065
77,006,185
, 797,279,247
874,285,432
590,724,173
10,066,935,879
10,657,660,052
1992
Off-site
Pounds
1,956,285,.
1,020,048
2,090,584
11,176,243
6,933,344
2,304,960
2,458,500
15,388,873
4,008,457
2,593,185
8,251,526
459,238
3,903,276
328,280
5,763,383
41,108
1,625,926
70,303,216
702,432,610
772,735,826
611,787,683
10,318,310,684
10,930,098,367
1993
Off-site
Pounds
! 1,819,685
658,157
1,485,414
11,040,959
5,865,304
2,050,784
858,165
13,451,138
,2,752,287
2,440,062
7,538,476
386,540
3,205,968
263,037
5,232,153
: 31,997,
1,555,650
60,635,776
675,556,541
736,192,317
632,461,502
10,259,991,035
10,892,452,537
261
-------
;- 33/50 Program Chemicals
Table 4-8. TRI Data Collected under the Pollution Prevention Act for 33/50 Chemicals, 1990 -1993: Quantity
Released (Includes Off-site Disposal)(a).
CAS
Number
71-43-2
56-23-5
67-66-3
75-09-2
78-93-3
108-10-1
127-18-4
108-88-3
71-55-6
79-01-6
i
Chemical
Projected Data
1990
Pounds
Benzene 22,777,071
Carbon tetrachloride 1,711,637
Chloroform 23,184,204
Dichloromethane 90,259,930
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
117,221,288
26,480,175
19,170,142
215,032,891
1,1,1-Trichloroethane 141,349,697
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanides
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
Total Released On-site/Disposed
38,020,135
123,317,694
1,319,468
38,085,219
8,810,822
42,676,945
133,963
-13,215,548
922,766,829
of Off-site for 33/50 Chemicals
Total Released On-site/Disposed 2,873,922,207
of Off-site less 33/50 Chemicals
Total Released On-site/Dispose'd - 3,796,689,036
of Off-site for All TRI Chemicals
1991
Pounds
18,760,658
1,649,063
19,739,220
80,189,944
102,309,424
28,194,835
16,407,683
196,784,903
132,160,136
34,532,204
122,964,725
1,235,362
40,080,347
7,055,445
35,455,972
' 98,786
8,708,102
846,326,809
2,924,868,083
3,771,194,892
1992
Pounds
14,341,727
1,359,662
16,871,435
64,243,069
86,053,440
27,164,097
11,940,254
171,886,924
104,897,302
29,156,169
111,356,550
1,256,353
38,551,411
7,068,939
32,792,185
205,295
7,797,482
726,942,294
2,831,907,246
3,558,849,540
1993
Pounds
12,669,477
1,272,155
14,278,092
57,398,045
76,789,187
25,506,386
9,051,251
156,803,806
72,454,478
23,989,725
107,104,561
1,179,702
37,435,248
6,716,208
30,778,099
54,531
7,470,241
640,951,192
'2,466,510,911
3,107,462,103
262
-------
33/50 Program Chemicals
Table 4-9. TRI Data Collected under the Pollution Prevention Act for 33/50 Chemicals, 1990 -1993: Total
Wastes(a).
CAS
Number Chemical
7 1-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108- 10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cyanides
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
4
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
Total less 33/50 Chemicals
Total for All TRI Chemicals
1990
Total Production
Related Wastes
Pounds
258,899,921
32,917,258
64,963,427
332,199,341
1,172,837,747
278,352,800
204,820,616
1,719,947,794
378,332,227
279,930,467
6.30,691,595
8,693,482
200,957,072
105,445,836
1,090,356,648
1,925,736
128,641,429
6,889,913,396
26,982,718,825
33,872,632,221
1991
Total Production
Related Wastes
Pounds
288,636,361
34,169,399
60,753,838
353,573,941
1,177,452,331
301,496,322
168,134,033
1,823,744,412
391,205,814
310,246,534
720,115,976
8,218,495
279,375,376
84,705,161
1,131,190,615
' 1,759,849
158,195,625
7,292,974,082
30,461,523,679
37,754,497,761
Projected Data
1992
Total Production
Related Wastes
Pounds
284,171,791
47,531,367
59,893,616
328,271,769
1,171,908,397
299,154,877
143,541,068
1,830,137,326
321,559,837
303,251,257
, 675,322,138
8,289,675
262,263,922
84,944,103
1,206,597,395
1,576,238
144,935,800
7,131,955,496
30,182,301,425
37,314,256,921
1993
Total Production
Related Wastes
Pounds
283,413,825
51,231,254
58,810,825
322,833,794
1,174,286,532
298,937,853
139,869,528
1,839,284,512
214,457,126
293,960,227
688,856,604
8,033,341
269,813,128
85,012,350
1,270,166,984
1,474,553
147,503,507
7,147,945,943
30,137,673,433
37,285,619,376
1991
Non-Production
RelatedWastes
Pounds
108,722
101,757
124,714
490,093
164,607
57,244
221,631
. 666,612
293,081
161,449
633,162
115,133
,370,195
3,508
830,774
5,299
145,458
4,493,439
26,957,593
31,451,032
263
-------
33/50 Program Chemicals
8000
Millions of Pounds
6000
4000
2000
Off-site Energy
Recovery and
Recycling from
Section 6
Off-site Energy
Recovery and
Recycling from
Section 8
On-site Recycling, Energy Recovery, and Treatment (4,267.4 million + 710.0 million +
513.7 million = 5,491.1 million in Section 8)
Off-site Recycling and Energy Recovery (739.6 million in Section 6; 878.6 million in Section 8)
1988 Comparable Releases and Transfers (823.6 million Releases in Section 5 + 149.5 million
Transfers to POTWs, Treatment, Disposal, and Other in Section 6 = 973.1 million)
Figure 4-6. New Reporting under the Pollution Prevention Act in 1991 for 33/50 Program Chemicals.
264
-------
[ 33/50 Program Chemicals |
As indicated in Figure 4-6, the 140 million pound discrepancy between Section 6 and Sec-
tion 8 reporting for transfers to energy recovery and recycling, while nearly equal to the total for all
other off-site transfers of 33/50 Program chemicals, is less significant in the context of total waste
management for the 17 Program chemicals. More importantly, the figure illustrates that 1988-
comparable releases and off-site transfers play a relatively small role in the management of
33/50 Program chemicals in wastes. When all quantities in Section 8.1 through 8.8 are summed, the
total amount of 33/50 Program chemicals in wastes reported by facilities to TRI for 1991 is 7.3
billion pounds. (A similar total is developed, 50 million pounds greater, when summing the figures
used from Sections 5, 6, and 8 in constructing the right bar of Figure 4-6.) The 973 million pounds
of releases and transfers that are the focus of the 33/50 Program's reduction goals account for only
13% of this total.
Figures 4-7 and 4-8 present the data reported for 33/50 Program chemicals in Section 8 of
Form R, aggregated by management method and chemical, respectively. The figures are provided
for illustrative purposes only. No attempt has been made at this time to extract conclusions or
discern patterns in the 1991 reporting at these more detailed levels. These will be the subject of
future 33/50 Program progress reports, in conjunction with updates on Program participation status.
265
-------
33/50 Program Chemicals
8000
Millions of Pounds
6000
4000
2000
Recycled Recycled Energy Energy Treated Treated Released Total
On-site Off-site Recovery Recovery On-site Off-site On-site/ Production
On-site Off-site Disposed of Wastes
Off-site
Figure 4-7. TRI Data Collected under the Pollution Prevention Act for 33/50 Program Chemicals, by
Management Option, 1990 -1993.
266
-------
33/50 Program Chemicals
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanides
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
1990
E31991
B1992
E31993
500 1000 1500
Millions of Pounds
2000
Figure 4-8. Total Production Wastes for 33/50 Program Chemicals, by Chemical, 1990-1993.
267
-------
33/5(1 Program Chemicals
Table 4-10. Number of Forms Reporting Source Reduction, by Source Reduction Category, by Chemical, 1991.
CAS
Number
71-43-2
56-23-5
67-66-3
75-09-2
78-93-3
108-10-1
127-18-4
108-88-3
71-55-6
79-01-6
Chemical
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform .
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
Total less 33/50 Chemicals
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Forms Reporting Source
Reduction Activities
Number
of TRI Forms
480
99
183
1,258
2,499
1,015
558
3,794
3,563
697
3,639
210
2,867
308
1,739
54
2,218
25,181
57,112
82,293
Number
155
28
67
517
958
382
210
1,475
1,590
290
1,341
59
578
91
480
12
364
8,597
12,784
21,381
Percent of All
Forms
32.3
28.3 , .
36.6
41.1
38.3
37.6
37.6
38.9
44.6
41.6
36.9
28.1
20.2
29.5
27.6
22.2
16.4
34.1
22.4
26.0
Source Reduction Reporting for 33/50 Program Chemicals
Facilities are also required to report in Section 8 of Form R any source reduction efforts that
were directed toward TRI chemicals during the reporting year. Table 4-10 summarizes facilities'
reporting of source reduction activities for each of the 17 33/50 Program chemicals. As a group and
individually, 33/50 Program chemicals evidenced higher rates of source reduction reporting than
other TRI chemicals. Of the more than 21,000 Form R's reporting that a source reduction activity
was implemented during 1991, fully 40% (8,609) were for the seventeen 33/50 Program chemicals,
even though Program chemicals account for only 30% of total TRI Form R's. More than a third of
the Form R's for 33/50 Program chemicals reported the occurrence of source reduction, compared to
slightly more than a fifth of the forms for other TRI chemicals.
Individual 33/50 Program chemicals had some of the highest rates of reporting on source
reduction. The three TRI chemicals with the greatest number of Form R's reporting source
reduction, aind four of the top five, were 33/50 Program chemicals (1,1,1-trichloroethane, toluene,
xylenes, and methyl ethyl ketone). The high ranking for 33/50 Program chemicals is partially due to
the fact thai; they rank among the highest TRI chemicals in total number of Form R's submitted, but
they also evidenced some of the highest percentages of Form R submissions indicating source
reduction.
268
-------
33/50 Program Chemicals
Chemical
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
Total less 33/50 Chemicals
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Category of Source Reduction Activity (number of forms reporting)
Good
Operating
Practices
47
17
21
202
-433
189
117
620
678
132
562
29
263
30
222
3
192
3,757
6,209
9,966
Inventory
Control
5
0
0
31
184
64
17
243
106
18
221
4
64
11
41
0
39
1,048
1,562
2,610
Spill
and Leak
Prevention
121
17
13
109
187
101
61
328
192
44
338
14
112
21
91
1
86
1,836
4,235
6,071
Raw
Material
Modifi-
cations
10
' 2
30
138
265
90
25
420
304,
16
300
26
133
16
156
2
48
1,981
2,113
4,094
Process
Modifi-
cations
98
14
53
153
267
141
45
463
302
71
450
23
252
51
199
7
195
2,784
5,246
8,030
Cleaning
and
Degreasing
1
0
2
152
134
42
88
157
812
168
112
8
49
14
12
0
42
1,793
1,300
3,093
Surface
Preparation
and
Finishing
0
"l
0
,22
296
125
4
401
119
6
485
0
38
2
16
0
9
1,524
787
2,311
Product
Modifi-
cations
4
0
3
51
106
53
7
173
138
9
145
11
60
2
79
2
30
873
925
1,798
Sixteen 33/50 Program chemicals are among the top 35 TRI chemicals reporting source
reduction. Of these, organic chemicals generally evidenced higher percentages of Form R's report-
ing source reduction than did the metals, ranging from 30% to 45% for the nine organic chemicals
with the largest number of source reduction reports. Among the three 33/50 Program metals with
large numbers .of Form R's, lead came the closest to achieving a similarly high source reduction
reporting rate (28%). Twenty percent of the reports for cadmium, the most frequently reported
metal, indicated source reduction, as did 16.5% of the reports for nickel.
Facilities described the type of source reduction activity which they implemented for each
chemical (see Table 4-10). 33/50 Program chemicals as a group did not differ significantly from
other TRI chemicals in the types of activities employed. Improvement in facility operating practices
is the most common approach. If, however, Form R source reduction activity categories for Clean-
ing and Degreasing and for Surface Preparation and Finishing are aggregated into another category,
Process Modifications, Process Modifications would rank as the most frequently employed source
reduction activity, particularly so for 33/50 Program chemicals.
Facilities also described the methods they employed in identifying source reduction oppor-
tunities. Table 4-11 summarizes facilities' reporting of source reduction activity identification
methods for each of the 17 33/50 Program chemicals. Here again, facilities did not seem to treat
Program chemicals differently than other TRI chemicals in their search for source reduction oppor-
tunities. For the most part, facilities are drawing on their own resources to investigate pollution
269
-------
33/50 Program Chemicals
Table 4-11. Methods Used to Identify Source Reduction Activity, by Chemical, 1991.
CAS
Number
71-43-2
56-23-5
67-66-3
75-09-2
78-93-3
108-10-1
127-18-4
108-88-3
71-55-6
79-01-6
Chemical
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
Total less 33/50 Chemicals
Total for all TRI Chemicals
Number of
Forms Reporting
Source Reduction
Activities
155
28
67
517
958
382
210
1,475
1,590
290 l
1,341
59
578
79
480
12
364
8,585
12,796
21,381
Pollution Prevention
Opportunity Audit
Internal External
71
10
28
194
350
149
93
512
680
120
529
21
2121
35
183
5
138
3,330
4,878
8,208
16
0
1
20
45
19
14
76
87
9
62
3
24
6
3.1
2
13
428
556
984
Materials
Balance
Audit
14
4
8
82
131
53
23
178
197
37
149
9
75
12
54
1
57
1,084
1,549
2,633
Participative
Team
Management
37
13
36
214
456
183
96
650
690
120
573
29
253
41
223
4
169
3,787
5,793
9,580
Employee
Recommendation
Informal
19
7-
7
96
206
76
39
289
306
68
290
15
110
14
101
2
85
1,730
2,590
4,320
Formal
Program
14
6
8
50
98
45
19
143
212
28
115
9
47
7
50
3
30
884
1,288
2,172
prevention options, either by conducting formal audits (Pollution Prevention Opportunity Audits or
Materials Balance Audits) or by developing ideas from management teams and employees. The 33/
50 Program is built on the premise and promise of forging partnerships to achieve pollution preven-
tion, and companies appear to be relying heavily on partnerships with their employees and managers
in seeking source reduction opportunities.
Where facilities have sought outside assistance in identifying prevention opportunities,
material/product/process vendors are the dominant choice. Facilities report little reliance on state
and Federal programs for assistance in their source reduction endeavors. This may be a conse-
quence of the fact that most government pollution prevention assistance programs are in their
infancies. But the heavy reliance on internal resources suggests that familiarity with facility-specific
conditions is critical to successful identification of source reduction opportunities.
270
-------
33/50 Program Chemicals
Chemical
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury amd
mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
Total less 33/50 Chemicals
Total for all TRI Chemicals
State
Program
3
0
0
6
11
11
2
23
21
6
21
1
7
1
8
0
5
126
124
250
Federal
Program
1
0
0
4
5
3
1
8
13
1
4
0
4
1
0
0
0
45
45
90
Trade/
Industry
Program
7
0
10
26
81
35
21
110
111
11
99
3
45
4
31
1
21
616
775
1,391
Vendor
Assistance
17
3
7
117
299
107
49
466
443
76
458
17
132
19
90
2
77
2,379
2,532
4,911
Other
57
5 .
18
104
145
68
37
271
197
51
243 .
10
110
21
124 '
3
62
1,526
2,349
3,875
Number
of Forms
256
48
123
913
1,827
749
394
2,726
2,957
527
2,543
117
1,019
161
895
23
657
15,935
22,479
38,414
Percent
of Total
Forms
0.7
0.1
0.3
2.4
4.8
1.9
1.0
7.1
'7.7
1.4
6.6 .
0.3
2.7
0.4
2.3
0.1
1.7
41.5
58.5
100.0
271
-------
33/50 Program Chemicals
LOOKING TO THE FUTURE: AN AGENDA FOR ACTION
The 33/50 Program faces an ambitious agenda as it enters its third year. Despite the evi-
dence that the Program's 1992 interim 33% reduction goal has been achieved a year early, efforts to
expand company participation will continue. In addition to the reduction goals, the 33/50 Program
strives to promote the benefits of pollution prevention as widely as possible throughout American
industry. Accordingly, industry trade associations are being asked to assist EPA in convincing
smaller companies to participate. The Program's communications with all companies include
challenges to exceed their initial goals and stress the concept of continuous improvement.
Increasing attention is also being directed toward recognizing companies' environmental
improvements. The Agency is examining options for following up on the Program's popular
Certificates of Appreciation (sent to all Program participants) with a mechanism to recognize com- -
panics when they achieve their reduction goals. A 33/50 Awards Program is in development, which
is intended to salute companies that excel in protecting the environment by preventing pollution at
its source. EPA also is considering conducting a national 33/50 Program conference to show-case
the accomplishments of the Program's company, state, and community partners.
Finally, preparations are underway to commence evaluating the Program's success formally
by using the expanded pollution prevention data reported in facilities' 1991 and subsequent TRI
reports. As detailed in the preceding pages, the 1991 TRI data suggest exciting developments to
date. However, important issues remain that require in-depth analysis, including assessing the actual
role played by 33/50 Program in bringing about reported reductions in facilities' releases and trans-
fers of the target chemicals. The new TRI data provide profiles of facilities' waste management
patterns that will be useful to government, the public, and the reporting industries themselves. They
provide a mechanism to promote planning for reductions in pollution and bench marks against
which to measure the success'of prevention initiatives.
FOR MORE INFORMATION
The 33/50 Program has issued three public Progress Reports to date,'the most recent having
been released in March, 1993. Anyone interested in obtaining additional information about the 33/
50 Program can do so by contacting EPA at (202) 260-6907 or directing letters to Mail Code TS-
799, Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, U. S. EPA, 401 M Street SW, Washington, DC
20460. Written communications from companies are maintained in a publicly available 33/50
Program Administrative Record. Copies of company communications and computer generated lists
of participating companies are available upon request.
Information about the 33/50 Program can also be obtained from 33/50 Program Coordinators
in EPA's ten Regional Offices.
272
-------
33/50 Program Chemicals
Note
(a) Submission of prior year (1990) data was optional in this first year of reporting. Data for 1992 and 1993 were
estimated projections by the facilities submitting Form Rs for the 1991 reporting year. They do not represent
reported totals for the 1992 or 1993 reporting years (Tables 4-5 through 4-9).
273
-------
-------
Appendices
mm
f-^jfrf^f^f^f^r^-v-^
I
TRl Questions and Answers
Data Quality
Data Uses '
Chemical Hazard Summaries
Regional-and State Contacts
-------
-------
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
ABOUT THE 1991 TOXICS RELEASE
INVENTORY (TRI) DATA
GENERAL AND CROSS-MEDIA QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Q Why are these data collected?
A The Toxics Release Inventory is mandated by the "Emergency Planning and Community
Right-to-Know Act" (EPCRA), signed by the President in October 1986. The law is based on
the premise that citizens have a right to know about chemicals in their communities. It has two
main purposes: to encourage planning for response to chemical accidents; and to provide the
public and the government information about possible chemical hazards in their communities.
The law requires the establishment of State Emergency Response Commissions and Local
Emergency Planning Committees to collect detailed information from local facilities.
Section 313 of EPCRA requires certain manufacturers to report to the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) and to the states the amounts of over 300 toxic chemicals and 20
chemical categories that they release directly to air, water, or land; or inject underground; or
transfer to off-site facilities. In addition, the law specifies that the EPA must compile these
reports into an annual inventory of releases and transfersthe Toxics Release Inventory (TRI)
and make the inventory available to the public by computer telecommunication and other
means on a cost-reimbursable basis.
In October of 1990, the Pollution Prevention Act (PPA) was passed by Congress. Section
6607 of the PPA requires, beginning with the 1991 reporting year, that TRI facilities include
their pollution prevention and waste management practices on their Toxic Chemical Release
Inventory Reporting Form R submitted to EPA and the states. The collection of these data will
help track facilities' progress in reducing not only releases of toxic chemicals to the environ-
ment, but also the quantities of the chemicals in other waste streams.
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Q Are Federal facilities required to report under section 313 of EPCRA?
A Government-owned and contractor-operated facilities (known as GOCOs) are currently
covered and do report. Government-owned and government-operated facilities (GOGOs) are
not required to report by law, but some have reported voluntarily and others plan to report in
the future. For example, the Department of Energy will voluntarily submit reports to EPA and
the States for all their facilities starting on July 1, 1994.
On April 21, 1993, the President announced that he will issue an Executive Order requiring .
federal facilities (GOGOs) to comply with the federal Right-to-Know laws. He has also asked
all federal facilities -to set a voluntary goal of 50% reduction of their releases of toxic pol-
lutants by 1999.
Q Who must report?
A Manufacturing facilities (those in Standard Industrial Classification codes 20-39) with ten or
more employees are required to file toxic chemical release reports if they manufacture or
process more than 25,000 pounds of any of the reportable chemicals or use more than 10,000
pounds of any reportable chemicals.
Q What is the compliance rate with this reporting requirement?
A EPA does not have any specific data on 1991 compliance with the law. However, a confi-
dential survey of facilities conducted in the summer of 1989 estimated compliance for 1987 to
be approximately 66%. That is, for every 100 facilities that should have filed a Form R,
approximately 66 did file at least one report.
The survey estimated that there were approximately 148,000 facilities in SIC codes 20-39 with
10 or more employees in 1987. Of those facilities, an estimated 29,800 met the chemical
thresholds and therefore were required to file at least one report in 1987. Of the 29,800
facilities that needed to report, only about 19,600 did file a report, leaving approximately
10,000 facilities out of compliance in 1987. This survey only identified facilities that failed to
file any reports at all. Additional facilities may have been out of compliance.because they filed
for some but not all chemicals they needed to file for, or because their estimates were
inaccurate.
Q How was the list of chemicals subject to section 313 reporting created? '
A The list of chemicals subject to section 313 reporting was given to EPA by Congress. The
Congressional list was" derived from separate lists from the states of New Jersey and Maryland.
The criteria for chemicals on the Maryland and New Jersey lists differ from the criteria estab-
lished under section 313. For instance, the Maryland list is a survey list and consists of chemi-
cals that are noted for toxicity and/or high volume activities in that state. As a result of these
differences in listing criteria, a number of chemicals have been added to the section 313 list
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that were not on the original state lists. Also, a number of chemicals have been deleted from
the section 313 list of toxic chemicals because EPA determined that they did not meet any of
the criteria for listing.
Under EPCRA section 313, anyone can petition EPA to add a chemical(s) to, or delete a
chemical(s) from the list of chemicals.
EPA has developed criteria and is currently refining the process for reviewing the section 313
list of chemicals. The result of this exercise will allow EPA to more effectively add chemicals
to and delete chemicals from the list. This will result in reporting releases on chemicals that
meet the intent of section 313.
Q What are the criteria for listing a chemical under section 313 of EPCRA?
A For a chemical or chemical category to be kept on or added to the section 313 list, it must be
known to cause or can reasonably be anticipated to cause one of the following:
significant adverse acute health effects at concentration levels that are reasonably likely
to exist beyond facility boundaries as a result of continuous, or frequently recurring,
releases.
in humans - cancer; teratogenic effects; or serious or irreversible reproductive dys-
function, neurological disorders, heritable genetic mutations, or other chronic health
effects.
because of its toxicity, its toxicity and persistence in the environment, or its toxicity and
tendency to bioaccumulate in the environment, a significant adverse effect on the environ-
ment of sufficient seriousness to warrant release reporting under EPCRA section 313.
Q What chemicals have been added to the section 313 list?
A EPA added to the list nine chemicals that were subject to reporting for the 1990 reporting year.
These chemicals were added to the list for cancer and chronic toxicity concerns. These chemi-
cals are:
Allyl alcohol
Creosote
2,3-Dichloropropene
m-Dinitrobenzene
o-Dinitrobenzene
p-Dinitrobenzene
Dinitrotoluene (mixed isomers)
Isosafrole
Toluene diisocyanate (mixed isomers)
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As a result of a petition submitted by three governors and the Natural Resources Defense
Council, EPA also added to the list seven chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halons that are
subject to reporting beginning with the 1991 reporting year. These chemicals were added
because they are stratospheric ozone depleters. Depletion of the ozone can lead to adverse
human health and environmental effects. These chemicals are:
Bromochlorodifluoromethane (Halon 1211)
Bromotrifluoromethane (Halon 1301)
Dibromotetrafluoroethane (Halon 2402)
Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12)
Dichlorotetrafluoroethane (CFC-114)
Monochloropentafluoroethane (CFC-115)
Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11)
Q What chemicals have been deleted from the EPCRA section 313 list?
A The following chemicals have been deleted from the EPCRA section 313 list of toxic sub-
stances:
Titanium dioxide
Color Index (C.I.) Acid Blue 9 disodium salt
C.I. Acid Blue 9 diammonium salt
Terephthalic acid
C.I. Pigment Blue 15 (a copper compound)
Melamine
Sodium hydroxide (solution)
Sodium sulfate (solution)
C.I. Pigment Green 7 (a copper compound)
C.I. Pigment Green 36 (a copper compound)
EPA modified the listing for aluminum oxide to cover only fibrous forms of the chemical.
Q Is EPA planning to expand the number of chemicals covered by EPCRA section 3J3?
A EPA is reviewing information on various chemicals for addition to EPCRA section 313. EPA
plans to initiate rulemaking by the end of 1993 to expand the EPCRA section 313 chemical
list.
Q What is the status of EPCRA section 313 petitions to date?
A EPA has responded to and is currently working on many petitions to modify the EPCRA
section 313 list of toxic chemicals. The following is a summary of section 313 petition deci-
sions to date.
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EPCRA Section 313 Petitions
Status as of April 16,1993
Chemical
Acetone
Aluminum oxide (non-fibrous)
Ammonium sulfate (solution) (1)
Antimony tris(iso-octyl)-mercaptoacetate
Barium .sulfate
Butyl benzyl phthalate
Cadmium selenide
Cadmium sulfide
CFC-11 (2)
CFC-114
CFC-115
CFC-12
Chromium (III) compounds
C.I. Acid Blue 9 (3)
disodium and diammonium salts
C.I. Pigment Blue 15
C.I. Pigment Green 36
C.I. Pigment Green 7
Cobalt and compounds
Copper mono-chlorophthalocyanine
Cyclohexane
Chromium antimony titanium buff rutile
Decabromodiphenyl ether
Di-n-Octyl phthalate
Diethyl phthalate
Ethylene
Halon 1211
Halon 1301
Halon 2402
Hydrochlorofluorocarbons
Hydrochloric acid
Inorganic Fluorides
Iron Chromite
Manganese and compounds
Melamine
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Molybdenum trioxide
Nickel and compounds
ortho-Phenylphenol
Phosphoric acid
Phosphoric acid
Phthalic anhydride
Propylene
Sodium hydroxide (solution)
Sodium sulfate (solution)
Sulfuric acid
Sulfuric acid
Terephthalic acid
Action Requested
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
List
List
List
List
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
List
List
List
List
Modify
List
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Modify
Delist
Status
Pending
Granted
Proposed
Denied
Proposed
Proposed
Denied
Denied
Granted
Granted
Granted
Granted
Denied
Granted
Granted
Granted
Granted
Denied
Pending
Denied
Denied
Denied
Proposed
Withdrawn
Denied
Granted
Granted
Granted
Proposed
Pending
Denied
Withdrawn
Denied
Granted
Withdrawn
Withdrawn
Withdrawn
Denied
Denied
Withdrawn
Pending
Withdrawn
Denied
Granted
Granted
Denied
Proposed
Granted
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I TRI Data Release: Appendices
=t......... I., ... .....' i
Titanium dioxide
Trifluralin
Zinc borate hydrate
Zinc sulfide
82 RCRA Chemicals (4)
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
List
Granted
Withdrawn
Denied
Denied
Proposed
(1) The ammonium sulfate (solution) proposed deletion will not result in a loss of reporting, but
rather in more focused reporting. The ammonium moiety will be reportable as (aqueous)
ammonia, which is listed on EPCRA section 313.
(2) CFC = Chlorofliiorocarbon
(3) C.I. = Color Index
(4) EPA is proposing to add either the 70 chemicals that meet the toxicity criteria or the 22 chemicals
that meet the toxicity criteria and are produced in quantities greater than 25,000 pounds.
Q In the future, does EPA plan to widen the scope of sources required to report under
EPCRA section 313? '
A EPA is in the process of identifying non-manufacturing industries associated with significant
chemical releases to determine their suitability for TRI reporting. At this time, a phased
expansion is expected, with additions to the list of toxic chemicals to be proposed first and
additional facilities to follow.
r
Q In addition to the Pollution Prevention Act (PPA) of 1990, has there been any other
Congressional action taken regarding TRI?
A In addition to the PPA, Congress has sought to modify the TRI in other ways as well. For
example, in the 102nd Congress, a number of bills were introduced connected with RCRA
reauthorization that would have added industries not currently covered (including Federal
facilities), added additional chemicals, and required facilities to develop toxics use reduction
plans. While none of the bills became law, new TRI provisions could be introduced separately
in the 103rd Congress or could be attached to any of a number of legislative vehicles.
Q Has the Agency received any petitions to modify the TRI in ways other than by adding or
deletiing chemicals?
A Yes. For example, the Small Business Administration has requested EPA to exempt small
source reports (i.e., an exemption for facilities that have low release/transfer amounts). The
petition and request for public comments were published in the Federal Register in October of
1992. The Agency is currently reviewing the petition and the comments received.
Q Can releases of these chemicals be prevented?
A Much can be done to prevent the EPCRA section 313 chemicals from entering wastes and,
thus, to reduce the amount ultimately released to the environment. One effect of the national
availability of data on releases of toxic chemicals has been increased scrutiny by facilities,
local communities, and state and federal governments with an eye to reducing releases. Using
the new TRI data as a tool, EPA will be tracking year-to-year trends in release and pollution
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TRI Questions and Answers
prevention data. All reporting facilities must provide EPA with information on what, if any,
source reduction activities they implemented. Also, many states have established Pollution
Prevention and Toxics Use Reduction programs.
Currently, over 1,000 parent companies have signed on to the 33/50 Program, a voluntary
program with a national goal of a 33% reduction in releases and transfers of 17 EPCRA
section 313 chemicals and a 50% reduction in 1995. These facilities have already either
committed to plans to reduce releases of toxic chemicals over the next few years or have
implemented changes which will reduce their releases in future years.
EPA's Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics is leading an Agency-wide effort to promote
reduction in the quantity of wastes generated, not just by manufacturing industries, but by
other sectors of the economy as well.
For more information on EPA's pollution prevention initiatives, see the "Pollution Prevention
Act Data" and "33/50 Program" chapters in this document.
Q What caused the big decrease in ammonium sulfate (solution) releases to water and
discharges to POTWs from the 1989 reporting year? ' _^
A Facilities that manufacture, process, or otherwise use ammonium sulfate (solution) were given
the option of reporting their releases and transfers either as ammonium sulfate (solution) or as
ammonia. Therefore many facilities filed reports for ammonia instead of ammonium sulfate in.
1989. Every pound of ammonium sulfate decrease from these facilities is partially offset by an
. increase of 0.27 pounds of ammonia, since ammonium sulfate is 27% ammonia and 73%
sulfate, by weight.
EPA believes that reporting releases of aqueous solutions of ammonium salts, such as ammo-
nium sulfate, as ammonia more properly represents the substance of concern. Ammonium
sulfate (solution) primarily affects water quality by the introduction of ammonia to a water
body. EPA has low concern for sulfate as evidenced by its deletion of sodium sulfate (solu-
tion) from EPCRA section 313.
Q It has been said that making direct comparisons of the TRI releases and transfers across
years is difficult to do. Why? '
A There are many factors that may affect cross-year comparisons of releases and transfers at the
state, local, chemical, or even facility-specific level. For example, the list of chemicals subject
to reporting has changed and thresholds for reporting for manufacturers and processors has
been lowered from 75,000 pounds in 'l987 to 50,000 pounds in 1988 to 25,000 pounds for
1989 and beyond. These changes alter the number of facilities that are required to report as
well as the number of forms submitted under section 313. In addition, many other facility-
dependent factors make assessing releases and transfers across years difficult. Facilities may
change their methods of making estimates of their releases and transfers of toxic chemicals
(hopefully, towards more accurate estimates). Chemicals not subject to section 313 reporting
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may be substituted for covered chemicals. The amount of a chemical manufactured, pro-
cessed, or used at a facility may be drastically different from year to year. Facilities may
change products or processes that may affect which chemicals and how much of these
chemicals are manufactured, processed, or used. Production of a covered chemical may be up
or down for a given year. These factors and more make yearly comparisons difficult. This
subject is discussed further in Chapter 3 of this document.
Q Are the 1991 release data compared to the current 1990 release data or to the 1990 data
presented last spring?
A For purposes of comparison, EPA uses the current data for the 1990 reporting year, which
differ from the data presented last spring because of late submissions, revisions, and with-
drawals. Over time, the 1991 data will also change somewhat for the same reasons.
Q How much do changes in estimation techniques used by facilities affect facilities' release
and transfer estimates? ' '
A EPA conducted a study assessing the reasons for changes in estimates for approximately 1,200
facilities from 1989 to 1990. Fifteen percent of the reports evaluated had estimation method
changes that accounted for at least part of the release estimate change. The study found that
7% of the total increased quantity and 5% of the total decreased quantity, and about 3% of net
change in quantities were due to changes in measurement or estimation techniques.
Q Why is there such variability in release and transfer quantities? Facilities in the same
business reported different numbers; are these differences real?
A There are many reasons for variability. For example, facilities in the same business may use
very different processes (e.g. 5 or 6 major pulping/papermaking processes exist in the U.S.)
and may have very different production levels or capacities (50 to 1,500 tons of paper per
day). One facility may treat waste on site, while a similar facility may transfer the same waste
off-site for treatment. Some facilities simply have more efficient production processes, result-
ing in fewer releases and reduced waste. Even if two facilities generated the same quantity of
waste, their reported releases and transfers could be quite different. For example, differences
in type of pollution treatment controls and recycle practices utilized by facilities can lead to
differences in reported releases and transfers.
A large difference may come from the ability of individual facilities to accurately estimate
releases and transfers, which depends on the data and expertise available.
Q What can I do to reduce TRI releases in my community?
A A first step in encouraging release reductions is developing a full picture of releases to your
community from the reporting facilities. Contact the facility or facilities and ask them for
more information on their TRI releases, pollution prevention, and worker safety programs.
Because of the new PPA data collected for the 1991 year, Form R submissions can be used to
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see if facilities in your community are implementing source reduction programs and to deter-
mine what effect the programs are having. Establishing and continuing a positive dialogue
with facilities on potential release reduction activities can promote risk reductions.
Discuss your concerns with local, state, and EPA officials, and encourage them to pursue
pollution prevention initiatives with these facilities. These officials have more information
that they can make available to you so you can develop a better understanding of environ-
mental situations where you live. Organize a neighborhood citizen organization, contact
existing public interest groups, and work together as a coalition to seek pollution prevention
and risk reduction.
These are just a few examples of some of the hundreds of ways the TRI could serve and has
served as a pollution prevention and release reduction tool. For more information on how TRI
has been used, see the TRI Data Use section contained in this information package.
Q Has EPA looked at TRI facilities and releases on Indian tribal lands?
A Yes. EPA cross-referenced tribal land boundaries with the 1989 TRI reports and found that
there were 303 facilities^ who reported being on or with three kilometers of tribal lands. The
total reported releases and transfers were 34.6 million pounds (0.6% of the total TRI releases
and transfers reported for 1989).
POLLUTION PREVENTION QUESTIONS
Q When will EPA publish the final Form R including the new PPA data elements?
A The Form R data elements and reporting policy issues are currently under review by the
Toxics Data Reporting Subcommittee of the National Advisory Council for Environmental
Policy and Technology (NACEPT). NACEPT is an independent advisory council that pro-
vides advice to EPA on environmental issues. EPA does not expect to issue a final rule cover-
ing integration of the source reduction and recycling data until September 1994. Industry will
continue to use the Form R that was approved May 14, 1992 until a new form is issued.
Q The Form R expiration date says 11/92. Is the Form R valid or will it be changed for
reporting year 1992?
A November 1992 was the expiration date given by OMB when they approved the form on
May 19, 1992. However, due to the passage of the Pollution Prevention Act Implementation
provisions of the 1993 Appropriations Act, the Agency can continue to use this Form R until
revisions are promulgated by law. Therefore, even though the expiration date shown on the
Form R has passed, this Form R is still valid and should be used for all 1992 submissions.
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Q Why don't the totals reported for off-site transfers for energy recovery, recycling, and
treatment for one part of the Form R equal the quantities of chemicals reported for
energy recovery off-site, recycling off-site, and treatment off-site in another part? Do
these represent different quantities? Why are the data reported in two places on the
Form R?
A Differences in the data may be due to different interpretations on the part of the reporting
facilities, that are caused by unfamiliarity with the new data elements. One part of the Form R
(section 8) contains the aggregate quantities undergoing each type of On-site or off-site waste
management practice, as required by the PPA. Another part of Form R, Section 6.2, contains
the same off-site quantity, but is reported by off-site location and listed by specific type of
each waste management practice. EPA will build on the experience gained from the 1991
reports to develop final guidance for the facilities.
Q How will EPA use the future year's estimates? What if actual estimates differ from the
projected estimates?
A EPA will use the future estimates data as an indicator of potential future trends in waste man-
agement. These projections are just thatprojections. They do not represent a commitment
or an enforceable quantity.
Q How are the releases reported in the "Source Reduction and Recycling Activities" section
of the Form R different from those reported in the "Releases of the Toxic Chemical to
the Environment On-Site" section?
A The first quantity can differ from the second release total in two basic ways. It includes any
quantity sent off-site for disposal, whereas the second does not. The first should not include
any quantity associated with catastrophic, remedial, or one-time events that are non-routine.
Such quantities would be reported as part of the second if released into the environment at the
facility.
Q Why are the off-site energy recovery, recycling, and treatment data characterized
differently from these same activities on-site?
A The difference in how the data are characterized is due primarily to what the facility is likely
to know. For example, a facility is likely to be able to estimate the amount of chemical recov-
ered by on-site recycling processes because this is an activity under their control The facility
is less likely to know this "recovered" amount for an activity occurring off-site and not under
their control. What they will know, however, is how much of the chemical they sent off-site
for the purpose of recycling. This same difference in knowledge and data characterization
applies to on-site versus off-site treatment. The facility can estimate amounts destroyed by
their treatment processes, but will only know the amount sent off-site for the purpose of
treatment.
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TRI Questions and Answers
Q Why are the quantities reported in the "Source Reduction and Recycling Activities"
section mutually exclusive of one another? _,
A These quantities are designed to be added up to a total amount of TRI chemical in wastes
(exclusive of catastrophic, remedial, or one-time non-production related releases). To accomp-
lish this, the individual quantities undergoing each type of waste management activity must be
mutually exclusive. Any double or multiple counting of an amount of the reported TRI chemi-
cal in waste will inflate the actual total.
Q Why are catastrophic releases reported separately?
A The values reported in the "Source Reduction and Recycling Activities" section are intended to
provide a window into what opportunities exist for the facility to apply pollution prevention.
The catastrophic releases are reported separately because they cannot be predicted and are
generally not amenable to pollution prevention efforts.
Q Why are the recycling numbers so large?
A The recycling numbers -are certainly large in comparison with amounts of the toxic chemical
reported on Form R reports prior to 1991. The size of these new amounts is not, however,
unexpected. Quantities recycled are likely to be much larger than release quantities because
the purpose of recycle is to recover/reuse the chemical for further economic benefit. Unlike
the release amounts, which leave the process one time only, the recycled amounts may be
estimated based on the total number of times an amount is recovered and put back into the
process.
Q What is the purpose of the production index? ,
A The production index is intended to put the reported data in context so that the data user can
better assess progress in pollution prevention. The index can help determine if decreases in
reported releases are largely the result of changes in business activity or the result of source
.reduction efforts or other factors.
Q How is a chemical that is treated and then disposed of reported in the "Source Reduction
and Recycling Activities" section of the Form R?
A The amount of a chemical treated on-site is reported as the amount destroyed by that treatment.
Any amount not destroyed (the balance) is to be reported as an amount "released" (including
transferred off-site for disposal).
Q Does EPA plan to review the quality of the new data reported on the Form R?
A EPA plans to institute computerized review of the new data, primarily to check potential data
discrepancies between different sections of the form.
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TRI Data Release: Appendices~|
Almost a million pounds of various metals and metal compounds have been reported as
transferred to energy recovery. Can metal compounds be used for energy recovery?
No. These reports were made in error and will be the subject of future Notices of Technical
Error to be issued by EPA. They may represent metal compounds in waste solvents that were
sent to an energy recovery unit. EPA's instructions cite metals as an example of the type of
chemicals that should not be reported as undergoing energy recovery.
About 80 million pounds of toluene were reported as burned off-site for energy recovery
in 1991. Does any of the toluene get released to the environment as a result of this?
A Energy recovery processes are not 100% efficient. Therefore, some amount of the toluene is
likely to be released, either as un-combusted material or as fugitive releases from the handling
of the toluene-containing material prior to combustion.
Q What is the difference between energy recovery and incineration?
Both incineration and energy recovery involve combustion of a toxic chemical in a waste.
However, they have different purposes. Energy recovery is combustion occurring in a boiler,
Mln, or industrial furnace in which the heat from the combustion is used to generate steam or
heat other materials in a manufacturing process. Incineration is combustion whose primary
purpose is destruction of the toxic chemical.
How are the 1991 data elements collected by EPA different from those stated in the
PPA?
A Facilities do not report the "quantity entering any waste stream prior to recycling, treatment, or
disposal" as stated in the PPA. This number will be derived by EPA by adding up the
individual quantities that were reported as released, used for energy recovery, treated, and
recycled. This total number will be available in the public database for each chemical reported
by a facility. Energy recovery, not discussed in the PPA, has aspects of both recycling and
waste treatment, and is reported separately rather than included as part of the treated or
recycled quantity. Instead of reporting the percent changes of quantities from the prior year
and for the next two years, the Form R collects the actual prior year quantity and the estimated
two future years quantities in pounds per year. Quantities treated, recycled, or undergoing
energy recovery are reported separately by whether they occur on-site or off-site.
Q Will 1992 TRI reporting be different from 1991 TRI? '
A The 1992 TRI reporting will use essentially the same Form R and instructions as for the 1991
reporting.
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TRI Questions and Answers
Q What is the Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics (OPPT) doing to reduce TRI
releases? '
A OPPT is using TRI data to help target activities, chemicals, facilities, and industry categories
that are of high concern. The Pollution Prevention Policy Council's initiative, "Source Reduc-
tion Review Project," is one example where the TRI data were used as a screening tool to
identify a group of industrial categories as long-term targets of opportunity. As a part of this
project, OPPT is working with other program offices to incorporate prevention into their
programs, through regulation where feasible and through guidance and voluntary efforts.
-OPPT is also working with industry (usually through trade associations) to raise awareness of
the benefits of pollution prevention. OPPT also conducts training programs that help orient
government and industry toward pollution prevention and incorporate prevention into what
they do. A state grants program is available to help states develop pollution prevention pro-
grams. OPPT and the Office of Research and Development have developed a clearinghouse
that provides information on pollution prevention for industry, government and public interest
groups to use in encouraging and implementing prevention.
Q The quantity of certain chemicals released (at a particular facility or nationwide) is
decreasing. What does this mean?
A The TRI database does not include a specific explanation of the reason for changes in quantity.
The new TRI data can give some indication of whether changes are due to shifting of chemi-
cals off-site for energy recovery or recycling, decrease in economic activity or production
levels, or source reduction. However, other factors may also cause changes such as substi-
tution of one chemical (that may or may not be in TRI) for another, changes in accounting or
estimation techniques, and other reasons. A recently completed study by OPPT examined how
some of the above factors contributed to changes in releases and transfers between 1989 and
1990. The study found that source reduction was a significant factor in explaining some of the
changes. However, fluctuations in production were more frequently cited than changes due to
source reduction for individual facilities' increases and decreases. This is an important consid-
eration because measuring progress in source reduction must also take into account production
changes. The results of this study will be used to further develop methods to assess changes
over time using the source reduction and recycling data from the 1991 reporting year.
Source reduction is too complex to be captured by only one measure. These new data col-
lected on Form R will help EPA better evaluate release trends and will also be critical in
developing a comprehensive understanding of the effects of pollution prevention activities.
The data provide EPA a more comprehensive view of waste management practices. They shift
the focus from releases to movement up the waste management hierarchy.
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EXPOSURE AND HEALTH EFFECTS QUESTIONS
Q Where can I find out more about the toxic properties of the EPCRA section 313
chemicals and their potential to cause adverse human health and environmental effects?
A EPA has prepared 319 fact sheets that will help the public understand the potential health and
ecological effects of exposure to chemical releases identified in the Toxics Release Inventory.
Fact Sheets for most of the section 313 chemicals are available from EPA Regional Offices,
State Emergency Response Commissions, and state Section 313 Contacts. You should be
aware that determining the health and ecological effects of chemicals is a very complicated
process. Most chemicals have not been tested for toxicity in a comprehensive manner. As <
further scientific information is acquired, additional information will be made available. The
fact sheets are also available on the National Library of Medicine's TOXNET system,
CD-ROM, and computer diskette. PC TRIFACTS is available from USEPA, Cathy Cain, 26
W. Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45242.
Q How much of these chemicals am I exposed to? '
A Estimating exposure based on release quantities requires an analysis of chemical and site-
specific characteristics. There is no simple conversion of release quantity to concentration in
the environment or dose received by individuals.
Natural environmental processes can: transform the chemical (e.g., sunlight decomposes some
chemicals); transfer it from one medium to another (e.g. water to air); or concentrate it (e.g.
bioaccumulation of the chemical in fish). Concentration in the environment can depend on the
volume of water in the receiving stream into which the chemical is released; dispersion of air
releases as a function of local meteorological conditions; the height from which the release
occurs; integrity of landfill liners or other containment of disposed materials; and,many other
factors. Finally, your exposure to the chemicals will depend on factors such as distance from
the release, source and treatment of ypur drinking water supply, etc.
Q What, are my chances of getting sick when I have been exposed to chemicals?
A The likelihood of becoming sick from chemicals is increased as the amount of exposure
increases. This is determined by the length of time someone is exposed and the amount of
chemical to which they are exposed, as well as the "inherent" toxicity of the chemical.
Q When are higher exposures more likely?
A Accidents can expose the facility's workers and surrounding community to higher concentra-
tions of the chemicals. Other conditions that increase risk of exposure include dust-releasing
operations (grinding, mixing, blasting, dumping, etc.), other physical and mechanical pro-
cesses (heating, pouring, spraying, spills, and evaporation from large surface areas such as
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, open containers), and "confined space" exposures (working inside vats, reactors, boilers, small
rooms, etc.). During process start-up and shutdown operations, there also is a greater likeli-
hood of exposure. The closer one is to a release, the greater the risk of exposure.
Q Is the risk of getting sick higher for workers in the facilities than for community
residents? .
A Yes. Exposures in the community, except possibly in cases of fires or spills, are usually much
lower than those found in the workplace. However, people in the community may be exposed
to contaminated water as well as to chemicals in the air over long periods. Because of this, and
because of exposure of sensitive populations, such as children or people who are already ill,
community exposures may cause health problems.
Q If I have acute (short-term) health effects, will these actually develop into chronic effects?
A Not always. Most chronic (long-term) effects result from repeated exposures to a chemical.
Although many acute effects are reversible, some exposures may also cause chronic health
effects.
Q Can I get long-term effects without ever having short-term effects?
A Yes, because long-term effects can occur from repeated or continuous exposures to a chemical
at levels not high enough to make you immediately sick.
Q_
A
Q_
A
Q
Don't all chemicals cause cancer?
No. Most chemicals tested by scientists do not cause cancer.
Should I be concerned if a chemical causes cancer in animals?
Yes. Most scientists agree that a chemical that causes cancer in animals should be treated as a
suspected human carcinogen unless proven otherwise.
Should I be concerned if a chemical is a teratogen (a substance which causes fetal
malformations) in animals? '
Yes. Although some chemicals may affect humans differently than they affect animals,
damage to animals suggests that damage can occur in humans.
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"" II ' ' ..!............- i
Q But don't they test animals using much higher levels of a chemical than people usually
are exposed to?
A Yes. That's so effects can be seen more clearly using fewer animals. But high doses alone
don't cause cancer unless the chemical is a cancer agent. In fact, a chemical that causes cancer
in animals at high doses could cause cancer in humans exposed to low doses, especially over
long periods of time.
Q Can men as well as women be affected by chemicals that cause reproductive system
damage?
A Yes. Some chemicals reduce potency or fertility in either men or women. Some damage
sperm and eggs, possibly leading to birth defects.
Q Aren't pregnant women at the greatest risk from reproductive hazards?
A Not necessarily. Pregnant women are at greatest risk from chemicals which harm the devel-
oping fetus. However, chemicals may affect the ability to have children, so both men and
women of child-bearing age are at higher risk.
Q What is the risk to public health resulting from toxic emissions to the air?
A While the EPCRA section 313 data represent a useful means of identifying potential air toxics
sources, these data are not sufficient to accurately determine the magnitude of the public health
risk posed by the emissions from a given facility. For example, section 313 provides no
information concerning the potential exposure to these emissions. These data are most useful
to point out the direction for further analyses of public health risk. In addition to identifying
new regulatory projects, the data can be used to make priority decisions for the air toxics
regulatory agenda.
Q Is there any difference between fugitive and stack air emissions when it conies to my
health? _^
A Dispersion of the chemical and its concentration at various distances from the point of release
are affected by whether, for example, the chemical is emitted from a tall stack at high tempera-
tures or a pipe fitting near the ground at ambient temperature. Thus, your exposure could vary
depending on the manner in which the release occurs. In general, a ground or near-ground
release, such as through fugitive emissions, will more likely result in a higher exposure and,
therefore, a greater possible health hazard for nearby residents than emissions from tall stacks.
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Q Is my drinking water contaminated by this chemical?
A Again, this depends on the amount and concentration released, characteristics at the site,
including the relationship of the release to the water supply, both surface and below ground,
the distance to where the drinking water intake/well is located, and treatment, if any, the water
receives before it is piped to your house.
Q Are the plants with highest releases always the most important in terms of public health?
A No. It is not possible to determine risks to public health strictly from knowing the amount of a
chemical which is released by a facility over a year. A release total is an important first step in
identifying a facility that may pose a public health hazard. Other factors that are necessary to
the risk assessment process include specific information on: the environmental medium of the
release, chemical toxicity and potency, local meteorological and topographical characteristics,
where people live and work (potential population exposure), and when and how releases occur.
Because some chemicals are more toxic than others, knowing only the quantity of chemicals
released to the environment is not sufficient to determine its importance with respect to risk.
COMPLIANCE AND ENFORCEMENT QUESTIONS
Q How many inspections have EPA's Regional offices conducted in support of the Office of
Compliance Monitoring's (OCM) EPCRA section 3,13 program?
A Since October 1988, our field offices have conducted approximately 3,263 inspections of
facilities subject to EPCRA section 313 reporting requirements.
Q How many civil complaints have been issued?
A EPA has issued approximately 683 civil complaints (almost all of which are against non-
reporters) since October 1988.
Q What is the total amount of proposed penalties levied against EPCRA section 313
violators?
A EPA's Office of Compliance Monitoring has levied proposed penalties in excess of 34 million
dollars in the EPCRA section 313 program since October 1988.
Q What is EPA doing about Supplemental Environmental Projects (SEPs)?
A Supplemental Environmental Projects are projects that facilities may undertake, as part of the
settlement process, to protect or restore the environment through pollution prevention, waste
minimization, and/or decrease in the amount of natural resources used. Since Fiscal Year 1991
(when we began to track cases with SEPs), EPA has closed 116 civil complaint cases con-
taining one or more SEPs.
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Q What is the EPCRA section 313 compliance and enforcement program doing about data
quality?
A Data quality is emerging as a second important focus for the EPCRA section 313 compliance
and enforcement programs, both at Headquarters and in the Regions. Now that the section 313
non-reporters compliance and enforcement program has matured, we are beginning to concen-
trate more on the quality of the TRI data submitted to EPA and the states. EPA and its regions
are using a variety of tools, from compliance assistance to issuing cases, in order to ensure
compliance with the regulations. During fiscal year 1992, EPA conducted approximately 600
EPCRA inspections; of these, over 100 focused on data quality in addition to non-reporting
violations.
Q Without a final regulation in place, how is EPA enforcing the Pollution Prevention Act
reporting requirements?
A Submission of the data to EPA and the states is required by the Pollution Prevention Act as
mandated by Congress. In February of 1993, EPA issued Notices of Noncompliance (NON) to
86 facilities who did not use the revised Form R to submit their data. These facilities had
previously been notified several times by EPA of the requirement to submit their information
on the revised Form R. Each of the EPA regional offices will receive a complete listing of
those facilities that have received a NON for not reporting on the revised Form R. In accord-
ance with the EPCRA Enforcement Response Policy, EPA may issue civil penalties against
those facilities that do not comply with the terms of the Notice of Noncompliance.
Q How many states have enforcement authority for section 313 of EPCRA under state
laws?
A About sixteen state have TRI-like laws and thirteen states have enforcement authority for the
TRI reports submitted to those states. For more information on TRI state activities, see the
companion document to this document, entitled 1991 TRI Public Data Release, State Fact
Sheets (EPA 745-F-93-002), May 1993.
33/50 PROGRAM QUESTIONS
Q How is the 33/50 Program related to the TRI program?
A In February 1991, the EPA Administrator announced the establishment of the 33/50 Program.
It is a voluntary TRI release reduction program that asks industries to work with EPA, the
environmental community, and the states to initiate or expand pollution prevention activities at
individual facilities. EPA is seeking a 33% reduction in TRI releases and off-site transfers for
treatment and disposal of 17 selected toxic chemicals and chemical categories by 1992, and a
50% or greater reduction by 1995. These reductions will be measured using the 1988 TRI data
as a baseline. EPA expects the public accountability fostered by TRI and the Pollution Preven-
tion Act to continue to play a vital role in persuading companies to take voluntary actions to
prevent pollution from toxic chemicals.
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The 17 chemicals and chemical categories targeted for reductions are: benzene, cadmium and
compounds, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, chromium and compounds, cyanide and com-
pounds, dichloromethane, lead and compounds, mercury and compounds, methyl ethyl ketone,
methyl isobutyl ketone, nickel and compounds, tetrachloroethylene, toluene, 1,1,1-trichloro-
ethane, trichloroethylene, and xylenes. For further information, see Chapter 4, "33/50 Pro-
gram" in this document.
AIR QUESTIONS
Q How much of the 2 billion pounds of toxic chemicals emitted to the air is addressed by
the air toxics section of the Clean Air Act Amendments? __
A The law addresses over 1.4 billion pounds of the 2.0 billion pounds of toxic chemicals reported
to the TRI for 1991. The remaining 600 million pounds of toxic chemicals are subject to
control as volatile organic compounds under the ambient air standard for ozone, or are subject
to the paniculate matter ambient air standard.
*
Q What legal tools are available to the Agency to reduce toxic air emissions?
A Title III of the amended Clean Air Act (CAA) is the primary regulatory tool by which EPA
will control emissions of air toxics. Under section 112(d), EPA must issue regulations requir-
ing the maximum degree of reduction in emissions that is achievable. After the application of
the maximum achievable control technology (MACT) standards, section 112(f) states that EPA
must issue additional standards within 8 years if they are required to further protect the public.
Also, EPA has authority to abate "imminent and substantial endangerment" to public health
under several statutes. In particular, section 303 of the CAA and section 106 of Compre-
hensive Emergency Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) provide that EPA
can issue administrative orders or seek injunctive relief in court to address such hazards. Any
facility-specific enforcement action would typically be preceded by a detailed facility-specific
analysis of emissions and risk. EPA would consider use of these authorities to reduce emis-
sions from facilities that pose high risks due to toxic air pollutants.
Q When will the EPA promulgate regulations to reduce these emissions?
A In accordance with the CAA, EPA published on July 16, 1992 the final list of categories of
sources to be regulated (57 FR 31576). The proposed schedule for regulation was published
by EPA on September 24, 1992 in the Federal Register (57 FR 44147). A proposed regulation
for Hazardous Organic National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (HON) for
the synthetic organic chemical manufacturing industry was published on December 31, 1992
(57 FR 62608). The HON will have far-reaching effects because it will require reductions of
up to 110 hazardous air pollutants. The requirement will result in substantial reductions in
emissions from the affected facilities. In addition, a provision of the new CAA allows an
incentive for sources that choose to reduce their emissions by 90 percent before EPA proposed
the new standards. Those entering into this "early reductions program," can obtain extensions
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from the time required to comply with the new standards. The EPA has worked closely with
industry representatives to promote widespread participation in this program. The program
encourages industry to come up with innovative, cost-effective control technologies and
pollution prevention methods.
Q Why are some of the 189 hazardous air pollutants listed in the amendments to the Clean
Air Act not included in the TRI?
A The following 16 chemicals are listed as hazardous air pollutants in the new CAA, but are not
on the EPCRA section 313 list. EPA is reviewing these chemicals for possible addition to
EPCRA section 3.13 list.
Acetophenone
Caprolactam
Coke Oven Emissions
p,p'-Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene(DDE)
Dimethyl formamide
Ethylidene dichloride (1,1 -Dichloroethane)
Hexamethylene-1,6-diisocyanate
Hexane
Isophorone
Mineral fibers
Phosphine
Polycyclic Organic Matter
Radionuclides (including radon)
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
Triethylamine
2,2,4-Trimethylpentane
There are different reasons why these chemicals are not found in the TRI data. The EPCRA
section 313 and CAA amendments lists were developed for different purposes; thus, differ-
ences in these lists of chemicals are not unexpected. For example, the TRI list would focus on
the individual constituents of coke oven emissions, rather than list a process source. Poly-
cyclic organic matter (POM) is a mixture of chemicals originating from the combustion of
fossil fuel. Since electric utilities are source categories that are not subject to reporting under
EPCRA section 313, it may not be appropriate to list POM on the TRI list. Where appropriate,
CAA chemicals may be added to the EPCRA section 313 reporting requirements after further
review.
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Q How will the TRI data be used in the future by the air office?
A The Office of Air and Radiation has used and plans to continue to use the TRI data for source
identification and source category prioritization. The TRI data have been a valuable source of
air emissions information and will continue to provide direction for further analyses of poten-
tial air toxics sources and associated public health risk. See the TRI Data Use section of this
information package for more specific information on how the EPA program offices are using
the TRI data.
Q How will EPA regulate TRI chemicals with large quantities of air emissions?
A Listed below are the 15 chemicals with the greatest total reported air emissions in TRI for
1991 (see Table 1-11), and the authority by which they will be regulated under the Clean Air .
Act Amendments.
Chemical
Acetone
Ammonia
Carbon disulfide
Chlorine
Dichloromethane
Ethylene
Freon 113
Glycol ethers
Hydrochloric acid,
Methanol
Methyl ethyl ketone
Toluene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylene
Regulated under Clean Air Act Amendment
Title I
Title IE, section 112(r)
Title I and Title III, section 112(b)
Title HI, section 112(b) and 112(r)
Title III, section 112(b)
Title I
Title VI
Title III, section 112(b)
Title HI, section 112(b)
Title I and Title III, section 112(b)
Title I and Title III, section 112(b)
Title I and Title III-, section 112(b)
Title VI and Title El, section 112(b)
Title I and Title III, section 112(b)
Title I and Title III, section 112(b)
Title I of the CAAA covers emission reduction programs for volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) to meet ambient air quality standards. These programs are controlled to some extent
by state and/or local governments. Eight of the fifteen TRI chemicals listed above are con-
sidered VOCs that participate in atmospheric photochemical reactions to produce ozone, a
regulated ambient air pollutant.
Title HI, section 112(b) of the CAAA, lists hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) that EPA is
required to regulate by source categories. Eleven of the fifteen TRI chemicals listed above are
considered to be CAA HAPs. EPA's approach will lead to the early regulation of source
categories that emit one or more of the hazardous air pollutants. Therefore, significant reduc-
tions of all of the hazardous air pollutants emitted by an industrial plant will be achieved rather
than reduction of just one specific pollutant. For example, the hazardous air pollutants (also
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referred to as air toxics) will.be regulated under one of the first emission standards to be
-promulgated under the CAAA. The Hazardous Organic National Emissions Standards for
Hazardous Air Pollutants will affect many sources of toxic emissions, such as process vents,
equipment leaks, and storage tanks at chemical manufacturing plants, and will address the
emissions of over 110 of the pollutants listed in section 112 of Title III. Chlorine and hydro-
chloric acid emissions will be regulated by Maximum Available Control Technology (MACT)
standards covering other source categories.
Title III, section 112(r) of the CAAA, requires EPA to develop regulations to help prevent
accidental releases of 100 substances. Facilities producing, handling, or storing extremely
hazardous substances, including chlorine and ammonia, will be required to take precautions to
protect against accidental releases of these toxic chemicals.
In addition to the other air pollutant regulations, section 604 of Title VI mandates restrictions
of ozone-depleting chemicals. EPA has proposed a rule that would phase-out the production
of ozone-depleting chemicals, including Freon 113 and 1,1,1-trichloroethane (methyl chloro-
form), by January 1,1996, due to their ozone-depleting potential. The rule is expected to be
finalized by the fall of 1993.
WATER QUESTIONS
Q Why did water releases increase so much since 1990?
A Total releases of the EPCRA section 313 chemicals to water in 1991 increased by almost 47
million pounds, approximately 24%, compared to the 1990 releases. Almost all of the increase
is attributable to increased sulfuric and phosphoric acid releases of 60 million pounds from
four fertilizer plants in Louisiana. These releases were due to gypsum stack storm water runoff
that could not be recycled by the facilities. If these particular increases are disregarded, then
the total of all other TRI water releases dropped almost 7% from 1990 to 1991.
Q How do the water releases compare from 1990 to 1991 for specific chemicals?
A Among the top 15 chemicals released to water, which account for almost 98% of the total
water releases, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, glycol ethers, zinc compounds, and methanol
showed increases of 53%, 44%, 17%, 16%, and 13%, respectively. Increases of chemicals
other than phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid could be due to a change in business activity
(change in production) or more accurate discharge estimates by the reporting industries.
The following chemicals showed a decrease: chlorine (-45%), chloroform (-23%), hydro-
chloric acid (-23%), formaldehyde (-19%), ammonium sulfate (-17%), ethylene glycol (-16%),
acetone (-6%), and ammonia (-7%). The decrease in ammonium sulfate releases to water may
be primarily the result of facilities changing their reporting on this chemical and may not
represent an actual decrease. Chromium compounds, listed as the chemical with the 15th
largest total releases to water in 1990, decreased 18%. Chloroform and chromium compounds
are both chemicals targeted for release reduction, by EPA's 33/50 program.
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Q What are the basic facts concerning the eight chemicals accounting for 95% (by weight)
of direct water discharges? _ _ _
A The Toxics Release Inventory reports 216 chemicals discharged directly into the water
environment. Over 95% (by weight) of these discharges consist of eight chemicals.
Three qf these chemicals (phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, and hydrochloric acid) affect water
quality primarily by altering the pH of the water body, a chemical parameter EPA already
regulates for industrial and municipal discharges to water.
Three other chemicals (ammonium sulfate, ammonia, and ammonium nitrate) primarily affect
water quality by the introduction of ammonia to the water body. EPA has issued water quality
criteria for ammonia. For several years, EPA has required states to pay special attention to
them when developing water quality standards and regulatory control strategies. EPA also
regulates the oxygen demand from ammonia and the nutrient impact of all three ammonia
chemicals.
For the two remaining chemicals, methanol and ethylene glycol:
/
Methanol is a semi-volatile chemical that biodegrades readily and is only toxic at mod-
erately high levels.
Ethylene glycol is essentially antifreeze. Ethylene glycol is not a priority pollutant, and we
do not have water quality criteria for this chemical. It is moderately toxic to aquatic organ-
isms at high levels.
EPA will examine all of the information, including the remaining 208 chemicals to see if their
toxicity or if the characteristics of the receiving waters require short-term or long-term atten-
tion. The environmental impact of these discharges is much more dependent on the toxicity of
the chemicals and on the physical, chemical, and biolpgical characteristics of the receiving
waters than simply on the weight of these chemicals.
How does EPA (or the states) regulate EPCRA section 313 chemicals discharged to
water? _ ' _
Under section 30 1 of the Clean Water Act (CWA), the discharge of any pollutant by any
person is unlawful unless it is in compliance with the provision of the Act. This provision is
implemented by EPA and the states through the development of effluent guidelines, the adop-
tion of water quality standards, and the issuance of a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System (NPDES) permit. Pursuant to Congressional directive, these programs have focused
on a subset of toxic pollutants of greatest concern. There are 126 such toxic chemicals; they
are known as "priority pollutants." This list includes 94 of the EPCRA section 313 chemicals.
States are in the process of adopting water quality standards for these priority pollutants that
could reasonably be expected to interfere with water quality. The states and EPA then use
Q
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standards, together with best available treatment guidelines, to set enforceable permit limits on
the amounts of these and other toxic pollutants that cities and industries are allowed to dis-
charge to waters of the United States.
While many of the top 10 EPCRA section 313 chemicals being discharged to water are
controlled, a number of the small-volume chemicals with high toxicity levels are not fully
regulated. EPA will continue to work with the states to ensure that all appropriate standards
and permits are adopted. EPA is also preparing to issue Federal water quality standards if
states do not adopt standards as Congress has directed. In addition, states and EPA regulate
the overall toxicity of effluents with permit limits that rely upon biological toxicity tests; these
limits serve, in part, to control the discharge of those EPCRA section 313 listed toxic chemi-
cals for which there are no state water quality standards.
Q Which of the EPCRA section 313 chemicals are covered by water quality criteria? What
are your plans to develop water quality criteria for chemicals that are on the EPCRA
section 313 list, but for which criteria have not been developed?
A EPA has published aquatic life and/or human health protective ambient water quality criteria
for 80 of the EPCRA section 313 chemicals. There is a current capability to develop four to six
aquatic life protective water quality criteria a year. Obviously, at this level of effort, it would
take us many years to complete criteria for all of the chemicals on the EPCRA section 313 list.
Because criteria and advisory development is a multi-year process, EPA is careful to set
priorities before we begin work. First, EPA collects a variety of toxicology and exposure
information on chemicals we are considering for criteria or advisories. Then, EPA ranks the
pollutants using a ranking method. Finally, EPA meets with other affected offices to obtain
their views before making a final selection of chemicals for criteria and advisory development.
TRI data will play a major role in setting these priorities.
Once EPA issues a criteria document for a chemical, the next step is for states to adopt them as
water quality standards under state law. Those standards are then used to derive enforceable
NPDES permit limits for specific direct discharging facilities.
Q Are the EPCRA section 313 chemicals covered by the state water quality standards? If
not, why not? -
A A number of the EPCRA section 313 chemicals are covered by state water quality standards.
Recently, under the CWA, our emphasis on adoption and revision of chemicals in state water
quality standards has been on the subset of EPCRA section 313 chemicals appearing on the
CWA section 307(a)(l) list. This is a list of 126 pollutants that Congress has identified for
priority attention in EPA's water program. The emphasis on this list for state standards stems
from the mandate in the 1987 CWA amendments that EPA ensures that these chemicals, in
particular, are covered in state water quality standards.
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The Agency is very concerned with any pollution sources causing problems with human health
or with aquatic life. EPA will review the TRI data, particularly in the context of the pollutant
ranking described above, and intends to move aggressively in the water quality standards area
for unregulated pollutants.
Q EPA has completed its review of the state assessments under Section 304(1) of the CWA,
which reported the names and locations of water bodies in the United States that are not
in attainment with water quality standards. Separate lists have been prepared for waters
impacted by any pollutants and for waters and point sources where water quality is
entirely or substantially impacted due to priority pollutants from point sources.
1. Were the TRI data used in these assessments?
A States may have used similar types of information in generating their lists, but the actual TRI
data submitted to EPA were not available to them at the time they did their assessments.
2. Were the TRI data used in EPA's review of the states' lists?
A Yes, to some degree. Under the Statutes, EPA had until June 4,1990, to approve or dis-
approve the state lists. At a minimum, the list of facilities submitted by states and planned
EPA additions to these lists were reviewed against the list of facilities identified in the Toxics
Release Inventory as discharging significant amounts of priority pollutants.
3. Will future state assessments of waters use TRI data?
A Yes. EPA will continue to review updates to state lists against the current TRI submittals and
against subsequent TRI submittals.
4. What are the difficulties in resolving any differences between the lists submitted by the
states and the TRI data? .
A Each facility on the EPCRA section 313 list that shows a significant release of toxics will need
a separate review to determine if its receiving water should be included on future state lists of
waters not meeting water quality standards. Although EPA expects the state lists to be gener-
ally consistent with the TRI data, in some cases, the TRI data include loadings from spills and
other releases not regulated by permits. There are also some cases where states did not list
waters on the Section 304(1) lists due to a lack of discharge or ambient data for some toxics. In
such cases, EPA and the states will, over time, fill any data gaps by collecting (and/or having
dischargers collect) additional effluent and ambient data. In some cases, this may also require
permitting of previously unpermitted discharges.
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Q The Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxics has prepared information on the
industrial categories that are responsible for the majority of the discharges of the
EPCRA section 313 chemicals. What is the process for deciding whether to revise
effluent guidelines or to develop new effluent guidelines to reflect the TRI information?
A EPA is required to publish a biennial effluent guidelines plan under section 304(m) of the
CWA. The purpose of the plan is to identify those industrial categories for which effluent
limitations and standards should be developed or revised. Plans were published in 1990 and
1992. The choice of industries to be regulated is based on a number of factors, including TRI
data. A Task Force is currently advising EPA on how to improve the process for selection of
additional industries, and this may lead to a greater reliance on TRI data.
Q How will the EPA use TRI to implement the Public Water Supply Supervision Program
of the Safe Drinking Water Act?
A The Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water will use'the TRI data in a variety of ways to
identify potential contaminants in specific geographic areas.
In particular, these data could be source data for vulnerability assessments to determine
frequency of monitoring by public water systems.
The Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water could review chemicals reported in the
TRI database for identifying candidates for future maximum contaminant level
developments.
The Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water will compare hazardous waste injection
data with TRI data to identify and match those contaminants released.
Q What is EPA's ability to actually measure the EPCRA section 313 compounds in the
environment? ,
A EPA has official methods for 146 of the 317 individually listed chemicals under EPCRA
section 313.
Q Has EPA been developing methods for those compounds for which adequate methods are
not yet available? If not, why not?
A EPA has considered developing analytical methods for the remaining 171 TRI chemicals.
These would cost somewhere between $1.5 million and $2.0 million.
EPA is learning about new chemicals in the environment at a very rapid rate. Data reporting
efforts like the TRI are a good mechanism for us to use in deciding which methods to develop
next and which chemicals to regulate next.
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Q Who should yve see to get the analytical methods that EPA considers most appropriate?
Who in EPA is responsible for developing these analytical methods? '
A Three offices have responsibilities for developing analytical methodsthe Office of Science
and Technology, the Office of Solid Waste, and the Office of Research and Development.
These analytical methods are available from:
Office of Science and Technology
Bill Telliard/Ben Honaker (202-260-5131)
, Office of Solid Waste
Alec McBride (202-260-4761)
Office of Research and Development
Gary McGee (513-569-7303)
Q How will EPA use the TRI data to improve the management of the permit program?
A EPA will investigate the feasibility of EPA Headquarters and Regions, and states .using TRI
data to determine whether permits issued to some or all of these facilities control contaminants
listed as releases in the TRI report.
The Office of Wastewater Enforcement and Compliance (OWEC) used TRI data to begin to
identify new undetected significant industrial users discharging to POTWs, and to identify
illegal unpermitted discharges.
OWEC used data to identify discharges by industrial users to POTW to determine whether
additional NPDES permit limits are needed.
OWEC/regions/states will use the data for geographic and national planning and targeting of
activities to high priority areas (i.e., near coastal areas, wetlands) and to target inspections to
suspected violators that could lead to permit modification, new or revised limits when the
permit is reissued, or an enforcement action.
Q How will EPA use the TRI data in its coastal protection programs?
A EPA will use the TRI data to develop management plans in the National Estuary Program and
the Near Coastal Waters Program. The data will be used to identify sources of toxic dis-
charges into nationally significant estuaries and coastal water in order to provide a basis upon
which to prioritize problems and protection programs.
Q How will EPA use the TRI data in the dredging and disposal programs?
A EPA will use.the TRI data to evaluate the potential contamination of dredged materials that are
proposed for disposal in marine waters.
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UNDERGROUND INJECTION QUESTIONS
Q How are the TRI data used in the Underground Injection Control (UIC) program of the
Safe Drinking Water Act? '
A EPA and the implementing states verify the accuracy of TRI-reported underground injection
operations to determine if these operations are properly authorized and in compliance with the
program's requirements.
Q What do the TRI data show as underground injection operations?
A Generally, the largest number of listed facilities are Class I wells, which are industrial or
municipal disposal wells injecting below the lowermost underground sources of drinking
water. When constructed and operated in compliance with program requirements, these wells
are expressly designed to prevent the movement of formation and disposed fluids into pro-
tected aquifers. The next group of injection wells listed are Class V wells; these wells are
important since they may be directly discharging into aquifers protected by the program and
are a high priority for inspection and enforcement follow-up. EPA bans injection of hazardous
waste at or above underground sources of drinking water.
Q Does EPA have any estimation of what percentage of the TRI releases to underground
injection wells are going to Class I (deep underground injection or industrial or
municipal wastes) wells? ' . _^
A EPA receives TRI data attributable to underground injection in general as a release category.
This is owing to the current structure of the reporting form, Form R, which does not differen-
tiate between underground injection releases by well type. Other UIC volume data reported by
the states and the Regions indicate that the major percentage of TRI releases are from Class I
industrial (non-hazardous) and Class I hazardous injection wells.
Q How are Class I injection wells monitored to ensure against any toxic releases to the
environment?
A All Class I wells are rigorously monitored to prevent any loss of injected fluids emplaced in
the receiving geologic formations. Class I wells must be properly sited and adequately cased
and cemented to protect underground sources of drinking water and isolate the injection zone;
the well casing, tubing, and annular seal must be tested for mechanical integrity; a test for any
fluid movement along the borehole must be run at least every five years, and the operator must
identify all wells within a specified distance from the injection well bore to assure that all
abandoned wells are properly plugged so that there is no potential for fluid movement by these
paths.
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Q Have any Class I wells released fluids to underground sources of drinking water
(USDWs); and, if so, were these wells adequately repaired?
A Contamination of underground sources of drinking water by Class I wells have been rare.
EPA and the states have identified only two cases where hazardous injected wastes con-
taminated underground sources of drinking water (USDWs), and one case where a Class I well
was suspected of causing contamination. All three cases occurred prior to the implementation
of a state or Federal UIC program. EPA also identified eight cases where leakage from Class I
hazardous wells entered non-USDW formations. These leaks were minor in nature and imme-
diately adjacent to the well bore. Current UIC monitoring regulations would have prevented -
these failures. All of these cases were properly addressed by either repairing the wells, or
properly plugging and abandoning operations. Class I underground injection wells are safer
than virtually all other waste disposal practices.
Q What does a TRI injection discharge listing mean to an area's ground water resources?
A A listing for any particular facility may, depending on well classification and operating status,
pose a threat to underground sources of drinking water. For that reason, each underground
injection listing in the TRI database is checked against authorized facilities. If not properly
authorized, the operation would be subject to state or EPA enforcement action. If authorized,
the operation would be subject to a compliance review on prescribed schedule.
SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE QUESTIONS
Q How can a Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC) and the community use the
TRI data? - -
A First, LEPCs can use the TRI data for emergency planning for response to chemical accidents.
Specifically, they can use TRI data, along with reports on chemical accidents, as a risk screen-
ing tool around manufacturing facilities. The LEPCs receive notifications of accidental
releases under EPCRA section 304. They can compare the data received under section 304 to
the TRI data to help screen the risks posed by manufacturing facilities in, their community.
. More broadly, reviewing this information along with chemical inventory information sub-
mitted by facilities under sections 311/12 of EPCRA can enable communities and LEPCs to
obtain a "chemical profile" of their community for use in planning for response to chemical
accidents.
Second, the chemical profile now possible with information from EPCRA can be used to
examine community-wide risks and be used in a variety of strategies to reduce those risks.
Additionally, the LEPCs can use the TRI data in conjunction with the Material Safety Data
Sheets available under EPCRA and other information to respond to community requests for
. information under the right-to-know provisions under EPCRA.
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Q What role do TRI data play in chemical accident prevention?
A TRI data are used to support two activities related to chemical accident prevention:
TRI data are used to identify chemical-handling facilities that could benefit from infor-
mation on chemical process safety for preventing accidental chemical releases.
TRI data are used as one source of background material in learning more about facility
activities. For example, these data can assist a team in preparing for a chemical safety
audit at a particular chemical-handling facility.
Q Are the toxic chemicals under EPCRA regulated under the provisions of the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA)?
A Approximately 236 of the 317 individually listed toxic chemicals under EPCRA section 313
are also CERCLA hazardous substances. Toxic chemicals that are also CERCLA hazardous
substances are subject to all of the requirements of CERCLA, as amended, such as'reporting,
liability, financial responsibility, cleanup, and penalties.
Q How are the EPCRA section 313 reporting requirements similar to CERCLA reporting
requirements? '
A There are few similarities between the reporting requirements of EPCRA section 313 and those
of CERCLA section 103. Section 3,13 requires the owner or operator of a facility where a ,
toxic chemical is manufactured, processed, or otherwise used to submit a toxic chemical
release form to the EPA when the quantity of the toxic chemical exceeds the threshold quantity
established by section 313(f) of EPCRA.
The reporting requirements of section 103 of CERCLA require any person in charge of a
vessel or facility to report the release of a hazardous substance into the environment, in a
quantity equal to or greater than its reportable quantity, to the National Response Center. The
purpose of reporting under CERCLA section 103 is to allow the Federal government to assess
each reported release to determine if a response action is warranted.
In addition, EPCRA section 304 requires reporting of these releases to state and local
authorities.
Q How many EPCRA section 313 chemicals are regulated under the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)?
A Approximately two-thirds of the 317 individually listed EPCRA section 313 chemicals are
regulated under RCRA. More detailed information is contained in the TRI Chemical Regu-
. latory Matrix in the Appendix of this document.
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TR1 Questions and Answers
The criteria used for listing wastes as hazardous does include the presence of hazardous
constituents, many of which are toxic chemicals. As such, many of the EPCRA section 313
chemicals are regulated under RCRA when present in hazardous wastes.
Forty of the individually listed EPCRA section 313 chemicals are currently used to identify a
waste as a characteristic hazardous waste. When such chemicals are found in the waste above
specified levels, the waste is subject to RCRA regulation.
In addition, 153 of the individually listed EPCRA section 313 chemicals are also listed as
hazardous wastes when they are unused, or discarded commercial chemical products.
Q Are all land releases reported under TRI regulated under RCRA? '
A Some land releases may be accidental releases or chemicals in wastes that are not regulated by
, RCRA. Most of the land releases reported to the inventory fall under one of the following .
categories: on-site disposal of hazardous .wastes which are regulated under RCRA or author-
ized state hazardous waste programs; and industrial solid waste or waste from mining and
mineral processing activities that would be regulated under state solid waste management
programs insofar as they do exist. Some mineral processing wastes are regulated as hazardous
wastes.
Under the EPCRA section 313, facilities that manufactured or processed 25,000 pounds or
used 10,000 pounds of a listed chemical must report. Under RCRA, only those facilities that
generate more than 100 kilograms (220 pounds) of hazardous waste per month must report.
Q Can you make direct comparisons between TRI data and data in the RCRA program for
. amounts of hazardous waste generated, waste minimization, etc.?
A It is difficult to make comparisons for several reasons:
TRI reports individual chemical constituent data; RCRA requires reporting on a total waste
stream that represents a substantially larger volume than any single chemical contained in the
wastestream. A RCRA hazardous waste stream may or may not contain EPCRA section 313
chemicals.
TRI reports toxic chemicals released to air, land, water; data collected in the RCRA program
report hazardous waste generation and management in regulated land disposal, incineration,
storage, or treatment units.
RCRA also distinguishes between regulated and exempt wastes. A particular EPCRA section
313 chemical may occur in a waste that is exempt and need not be reported under RCRA.
EPCRA section 313 does not make this distinction. (Example: Certain wastewater treatment
activities are exempt from RCRA, as are small quantity generators who generate less than 100
kg/month of hazardous waste).
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SIC code data in TRI are limited to categories 20 through 39; RCRA is not limited by SIC
code.
Under RCRA, hazardous waste generators are required to report on existing or planned waste
minimization activities at facilities on a biennial basis. The current reporting forms request
information on reduction of the volume of waste generated. These data differ from TRI data
in that they represent specific RCRA waste streams rather than individual chemical consti-
tuents. EPA's Office of Solid Waste is exploring approaches to refine the utility of the waste
minimization data collected through the biennial reporting system and to coordinate the results
with TRI data.
The biennial report does request the CAS number of EPCRA section 313 chemicals that are
contained in RCRA wastestreams, to facilitate a link between the two data sources.
Q How many facilities are regulated by the RCRA program and what is the overlap with
facilities that report for TRI? . __
A Under Subtitle C, RCRA regulates about 4800 Treatment, Storage, Incineration, and Land
Disposal facilities, including: 1500 land disposal facilities; 350 incinerators; 3000 storage/
treatment facilities; more than 200,000 large and small quantity generators; and about 18,000
transporters. These sites and facilities are listed in the Resource, Conservation and Recovery
Information System (RCRIS) and may be cross-checked with EPCRA section 313 facilities by
EPA ID number.
Of the 200,000 large and small quantity generators that are regulated under Subtitle C of
RCRA, approximately 17,000 of the large quantity generators (LQGs) report to RCRA's
biennial reporting system. Approximately 10,000 of these LQGs are listed in EPCRA section
313 SIC codes 20 - 39, and, of these, approximately 7,000 sites report for TRI.
Q How are TRI releases that are hazardous wastes regulated?
A Hazardous wastes must be stored, treated, or disposed in hazardous waste management units
regulated under the RCRA or under authorized state laws. Hazardous waste land disposal
units, including landfills, land treatment, surface impoundments, and waste piles, must meet
applicable design and operating controls, such as liners and leak detection systems and ground
water monitoring systems to detect releases out of the unit. All facilities that store, treat, or
dispose of hazardous wastes are subject to corrective action requirements to clean up hazard-
ous wastes or hazardous constituents that migrate from any waste management unit at the
facility. Although the EPCRA section 313 counts placement of toxic chemicals in some of
these management units as releases, they are not uncontrolled releases to the environment.
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PUBLIC ACCESS TO
THE TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY
EPA is fully committed to making the Toxics Release Inventory publicly available and
continues to expand avenues of access and technical assistance to the TRI user community. EPA
believes that increased citizen and community awareness of environmental issues and their involve-
ment in the decision-making process is important to developing successful environmental programs.
Effective pollution prevention and control depend on the involvement of federal, state and local
governments, industry, and the public.
Outreach continues to be an integral part of EPA's TRI agenda|f;The Agency has imple-
mented an outreach program that identifies groups and organizations to assist the agency in making
the various constituencies aware of the availability and potential uses of the TRI. These groups
(also referred to as multiplier and intermediary groups) include librarians, journalists, trade asso-
ciations, national public interest and environmental groups, states, and others. TRI is a valuable
resource to the many who know about and use the information.
A concerted effort has been made to offer TRI in a variety of printed and electronic formats.
It has been distributed to nearly 4,000 public and federal depository libraries (i.e., libraries desig-
nated to receive government publications) across the country. Online access is provided through an
agreement with the National Library of Medicine (see below). Other formats include diskette,
microfiche, magnetic tape, CD-ROM (Compact Disc-Read Only Memory), and printed reports. A
description of these products is provided later in this section.
Each of the ten EPA Regional offices has established a TRI Coordinator. The TRI
Coordinators are very knowledgeable about TRI and other EPCRA provisions (see listing of EPA
Regional TRI Coordinators in this Appendix). Most states and the EPA Regional offices have
outreach programs that include providing training to industry and other groups. Industry training
focuses primarily on understanding reporting requirements and completing the form. Outreach to
groups and organizations who have contact with the general public, such as grass roots organiza-
tions, the health community, labor, and many other groups, are vital to the success of the Agency's
efforts to raise overall awareness of TRI and the other provisions of the Emergency Planning and
Right-to-Know Act. The public outreach activities focus on helping others understand, access, and
use the data. Concerned citizens, on their own or through organized groups, continue to use TRI to
raise and answer questions about chemical releases in their communities.
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J TRI Data Release; Appendices
States also receive TRI reports and make the information available to the public. Many,
states have their data available before EPA can compile the data for all the states. Some publish TRI
annual reports, and many have computerized the data and provide the information to the public in a
variety of formats. Each state has an individual designated by the governor for Emergency Planning
and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA) activities. For more information about your state's
TRI program, contact the EPCRA Coordinator for your state. (See listing of state EPCRA contacts
in this Appendix.)
EPA continues to evaluate and provide additional routes of access to TRI and related activi-
ties. A description of TRI products, services, and key guidance documents, along with access
. information for the National Library of Medicine (NLM), the Government Printing Office (GPO),
the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), and other access points, is provided below.
TRI Products, Services & Guidance Documents
TRI and Related Products & Services
TRI Online Accessible via the National Library of
Medicine's (NLM) Toxicology Data Network (TOXNET).
Access: NLM
(See below)
Compact Disc -- Read Only Memory (CD-ROM) - Contains
the complete national TRI for 1987-1990 and the Hazardous
Substances Fact Sheets for TRI chemicals. [CD-ROM for
Reporting Year 1991 will be available by Summer 1993.)
Access: NTIS, GPO, Depository Libraries, and EPA Regional
Offices
Ordering Information
National Library of Medicine (NLM)
Specialized Information Services
8600 Rockville Pike
For information call: 301 -496-65 31
Hours: 7 days/week; 24 hours/day
Bethesda, MD 20894
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
U.S. Department of Commerce
5285 Port Royal Rd.
Springfield, VA 22161
Call: 703-487-4650
Fax: 703-321-8547
Rush order: 1-800-553-NTIS
Hours: 8:30 am -5:00 pm (Eastern Time)
(a) U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO)
Superintendent of'Documents
P.O. Box 371954
Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954
Call: 202-783-3238
Fax: 202-512-2250 ' -\ ,
Hours: 8:30 am - 4:00 pm (Eastern Time)
(To order CD-ROM, microfiche, and printed reports)
Public and Depository Libraries
Contact the EPCRA Information Hotline at
1-800-535-0202 or TRI-US at 202-260-1531.
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TRI Public Access
Diskettes State-specific diskettes include selected data from
the TRI reporting form. High density 5.25 and 3.50 inch
diskettes are available in the Lotus 1-2-3 (version 2.0), dBASE
HI PLUS, and ASCII for DOS microcomputers and Excel
(version 2.1) for Macintosh. (1991 data will be available to the
public by Summer 1993.) Access: NTIS, GPO
Magnetic Tapes Available for all reporting years. Contains
the complete national data and is periodically updated. Tapes
are standard 1600 or 6250 bpi, 9-track, ASCII or EBCDIC and
come with tape documentation. (1991 date will be available by
Spring 1993.) Access: NTIS, GPO
Form R Facsimile Photocopies or computer-generated
facsimiles of TRI reports.
Access: TRI Information Branch
Microfiche Contains the complete TRI for each reporting
year along with indices to help locate specific facility reports.
Contains listing of Section 313 chemicals, indices and user
guide. (Data for 1989 & 1990 will be available from GPO and
NTIS by May '93.) Microfiche will not be provided for the
1991 and subsequent reporting years. Access: Selected federal
depository, state and county public libraries, GPO, NTTS
TRI National Report - Covers 1987-1989 data, only.
Provides a detailed summary, analysis and comparison of the
TRI data. Focuses 'on reporting requirements, changes from
previous year's requirements, state summaries, total releases
and transfers of TRI chemical by media and other comparisons
and analyses. Maps, charts and tables are presented. (No
report available for 1990 or 1991 data.) Access: EPCRA
Information Hotline .
NESE-DB (National Economics, Social and Environmental
Data Bank) CD-ROM -- 1990 TRI state release and transfer
data. (Data for 1991 reporting year will be available during the
summer of 1993.) Access: Department of Commerce, selected
federal depository libraries
TRI-US (TRI User Support Service) -- General TRI
information, searches and search assistance, NLM online search
training, CD-ROM training. Access: TRI-US
(See below)
EPCRA Information Hotline - TRI publications, information
and assistance.
Roadmap Database - Provides assistance to TRI users for
identifying regulations and risk assessment information for TRI
chemicals (diskette). Access: NTIS
(b) U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO)
Superintendent of Documents
Attn: Electronic Products Sales Coordinator
P.O. Box 37082
Washington, D.C. 20013-7082
Call: 202-512-1530
Fax: 202-512-1262
Hours: 8:30 am - 4:00 pm (Eastern Time)
(To order diskettes, magnetic tapes & to access the
electronic bulletin board)
See NTIS, GPO(b) above.
TRI Information Branch
Call: 202-260-1609
Fax: 202-260-4655
See GPO(a), NTIS above.
Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know
Information (EPCRA) Hotline
Call: 1-800-535-0202
Fax: 703r412-3333 (To request documents, only.)
Hours: 8:30 AM - 7:30 PM (Eastern Time)
U.S. Department of Commerce
NESE-DB CD-ROM
Office of Business Analysis
Room 4885
Washington, D.C. 20277 - 2787
Call: 202-377-1986
Toxics Release Inventory User Support Service (TRI-US)
U.S. EPA
401 M Street, SW. (TS-793)
Washington, D.C. 20460
Call: 202-260-1531
Fax: 202-260-4659
Hours: 8:00 am - 4:30 pm (Eastern Time)
See EPCRA Information Hotline above.
See NTIS above.
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"Hi
J TRI Data Release: Appendices
-"" u
TRI-FACTS Supplements the environmental release data on
TRI chemicals by providing information related to health,
ecological effects, and safety and handling of these chemicals.
Access: NLM, CD-ROM, software from EPA Public Clearing-
house (EPIC)
See NLM and CD-ROM above. A Free Copy of the
software is available from EPIC by writing to:
Cathy Cain
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45242
PC TRI-FACTS TRI-FACTS for the personal computer.
Access: EPA
RTK Net (Right-to-Know Computer Network) - Tele-
communication computer service containing the 1987-1990
TRI data, chemical fact sheets, and other data bases. (1991
data will be available in summer 1993.) Access: RTK-Net
(See below)
GPO Bulletin Board Electronic bulletin board with TRI
state specific data. (1991 data will be available in summer
1993.) Access: GPO
(IRIS) Integrated Risk Information System Database -
Online access and training and materials for obtaining informa-
tion on TRI chemicals. Access: NLM
"Risk Screening Guide" Method for evaluating TRI data for
environmental managers. Access: NTTS
"Chemicals, the Press and the Public" A journalists' guide
to reporting on chemicals in the community. Access: National
Safety Council
"Public Access to the Toxics Release Inventory" Compre-
hensive listing and ordering information for TRI products,
services, and documents. Access: TRI-US, EPCRA Hotline
EPA National Center for Environmental and
Public Information
Cathy Cain
26 Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
Call: 513-891-6685
Fax: 513-891-6561
Right-to-Know Computer Network (RTK Net)
1731 Connecticut Ave., NW.
Washington, D.C. 20009-1146
Call: 202-797-7200
Fax: 202-234-8584
Modem: 202-234-8570
(Parameters 8,n,l. Login as "public.")
See GPO(b) above.
See NLM aboye.
See NTIS above.
National Safety Council
Environmental Health Center
1050 17th Street, NW. Suite 770
Washington, D.C. 20036
Call: 202-293-2270
See TRI-US, EPCRA Information Hotline above.
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TRI Public Access
NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE (NLM): ONLINE ACCESS
The Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) is a component file of NLM's TOXNET system. Utilizing a
free text search capability, boolean logic, a powerful and flexible command language, and a variety
of online user assistance features, TOXNET offers state-of-the-art, user-friendly searching. On-line
and off-line printing of entire or specific portions of records is available, as is a variety .of custom-
ized print options. Special TRI features allow sorting and numerical manipulation of data. A menu-
driven search package also allows novice users or individuals with limited computer skills to search
TRI efficiently.
The TOXNET systems also contains TRIP ACTS. TRIFACTS contains information on health
effects, ecological effects, safety, and handling for TRI chemicals.
Cost: $ 18-20 per hour
Hours: 7 days/week; 24 hours/day
To apply for access, contact:
TRI Representative
National Library of Medicine
Specialized Information Services
8600 Rockville Pike
Bethesda, MD 20894
Phone: 301-496-6531 .
Access to TRI Online Searches
Many EPA, Federal Depository, county public, university, and medical libraries across the nation
have online access to NLM. Contact a library directly to inquire about its policy of providing online
search service to the public. The EPCRA or TRI-US Hotlines can refer you to your nearest library.
The EPCRA Hotline number is 1-800-535-0202 (in Washington DC 703-920-9877) and
1-202-260-1531 for TRI-US.
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TRI Data Release: Appendices
Toxic RELEASE INVENTORY USER SUPPORT SERVICE (TRI-US)
TRI-US provides general information about the Toxics Release Inventory and access to any of the
data formats. Specialists can help determine the data product best suited for the individual user's
needs. The service provides a limited amount of online searches and comprehensive search assist-
ance for the TRI online and CD-ROM applications. TRI-.US provides both NLM/TOXNET and
CD-ROM training through individual sessions and workshops. Documentation for all TRI products
is available from TRI-US. TRI-US provides referrals to EPA regional or state TRI contacts,
libraries where TRI is available, or other TRI resource centers in local areas.
Cost: No Charge
Hours: 8:00 am - 4:30 pm (Eastern Time)
Contact:
US EPA
TRI-US
401 M Street, SW (TS-793)
Washington, DC 20460
Phone:202-260-1531
FAX: 202-260-4659
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TRI Public Access
RTK NET (RIGHT-TO-KNOW COMPUTER NETWORK)
RTK NET is an online computer telecommunications link to environmental databases. This service
promotes pollution prevention strategies. It provides communication among individuals concerned
about toxic use reduction, and seeks to increase use and analysis of TRI and related data. RTK NET
links TRI with other environmental data, all civil cases brought by the U.S. EPA, and a portion of
the 1990 Census.
TRI data for 1987-1990 are available on RTK NET, along with health facts for each TRI chemical.
Data for reporting year 1991 will be available during the summer of 1993. The TRI data can be
accessed by modem from any computer. (Set computer parameters to 2400, 8,N,1. Dial-in using
the modem number listed below, and type "public" (lower case) at the prompt for user i.d.) Partici-
pants can communicate with one another through computer-generated mail, in addition to exchang-
ing and reviewing documents electronically.
Both "live" and "computer" conferences are held. Conference subjects are selected by participants
and have included such topics as health, activism, and environmental justice.
Training is available from the computer service on using telecommunications, using RTK NET, and
searching the database.
For access, contact:
RTK NET
1731 Connecticut Aye., NW
Washington, DC 20009-1146
Phone: Unison Institute 202-797-7200
Fax: 202-234-8584
Modem: 202-234-8570
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TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY
DATA QUALITY PROGRAM
The goals of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) data quality program for
the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) are to (1) identify and assist facilities that must report so that
data submitted will be of the highest quality; (2) insure high quality data entry; (3) correct and
normalize as much of the submitted data as possible in order to maximize the utility of the data; and
(4) accurately assess the relative validity of release estimates and other data.
IDENTIFICATION AND ASSISTANCE TO FACILITIES
Through mass mailings to all facilities within the manufacturing sector of the economy,
work with a wide variety of trade associations, hosting local and national seminars, and enforcement
activities, EPA has endeavored to locate all facilities required to report under section 313 of the
Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know act (EPCRA) and inform them of their
obligations. In addition, EPA has prepared various materials to assist facilities in complying with
the Act. These include detailed reporting instructions, a question-and-answer document, magnetic
media reporting instructions, general technical guidance and 16 industry-specific guidance
documents. In addition, EPA maintains a toll-free hotline to answer regulatory and technical
questions to assist facilities.
DATA ENTRY QUALITY ACTIVITIES
EPA continues to place a high emphasis on data entry accuracy within the Toxics Release
Inventory Database. EPA's internal review of 3% of the records showed a data entry accuracy rate
of over 99%. This is up from a Reporting Year 1987 rate of 97.5%. EPA continued the
computerized edit checks at the point of data entry, including a high percent of verification and
formalization of data reconciliation activities. EPA mailed copies of the emission numbers to all
reporting facilities to allow them .to verify the entered data. EPA also received submissions from
over 2,341 facilities reporting on magnetic media which ensures against data entry errors.
NORMALIZATION OF DATA
Because Congress has required that EPA make the TRI data available to the public through
computer telecommunications, EPA has found it necessary to undertake a variety of activities to
make the data more usable. This is due to the fact that computers only retrieve data in exactly the
format as requested (e.g., if asked for "Los Angeles," the computer will not be able to identify
facilities listed under "LA"), and facilities report their data in a wide variety of ways. As a result,
316 . .
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[ TRI Data Quality Program |
EPA has taken steps to use a consistent name for all counties, used a variety of nomenclature
standards for names within the database (to ensure, for example, that all filings for a particular
company can readily be identified), inserted latitude and longitude for the center of the zip code area
in which the facility is found, and has taken other steps to assist in the utilization of the data.
EPA generates a facility identification number at the time of data entry. Linkage between all
years of reports has been made to the best of EPA's ability. This allows easy retrieval of cross-year
data, even when a facility is sold or changes its name. The identification number has been sent to all
facilities. Facilities are required to use this number on all future Form R reports submitted to the
Agency. Use of this number facilitates data quality and cross-year analysis.
CORRECTING FORM R ERRORS
Every year EPA issues Notices of Noncompliance (NONs) to facilities who use invalid
forms, provide incomplete forms, incomplete facility identification, or incorrect/missing chemical
identification. These facilities are also notified by telephone to make sure their follow-up revisions
correct these errors. A facility that does not comply with a NON may be subject to civil penalties.
For the reporting years 1988 through 1990, EPA also issued Notices of Technical Error
(NOTEs) for missing required data or providing incorrect information, such as facility identification
numbers or invalid codes. The response rate to the NONs and NOTEs has been very good and has
prevented errors from recurring in following years. To help facilities avoid these types of errors, a
list of common errors was provided in the 1989 and 1990 reporting year instructions. Due to lack of
a final regulation for the pollution prevention data elements and budget cuts for the TRI program,
EPA did not issue NOTEs for the 1991 reporting year. However, based on limited evaluation of the
1991 Form Rs, a list of common errors to avoid involving the new required pollution prevention
data has been developed and is available from the EPCRA Information Hotline at 1-800-535-0202.
ACCURACY EVALUATION
The accuracy of the release data can vary. Some releases can be estimated fairly easily, just
by knowing how much of the chemical was used during the reporting year or by weighing drums of
solid/liquid waste. Where monitoring of release streams or wastes has been done, release estimates
may be within 20% of actual amount released, although infrequent, non-representative sampling
may lead to much less accuracy. Estimates of fugitive air emissions and complex waste waters for
which monitoring data are not available may be off by one or even two orders of magnitude,
particularly when the release is a small percentage of the amount of the chemical actually processed.
For the 1987 and 1988 reporting years, EPA conducted audits at 248 facilities to determine
how well facilities complied with the law and estimated release quantities. These audits did not
"confirm" estimates through monitoring, but determined how well facilities used available data and
estimation techniques to calculate releases.
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Overall, based on the audit of 156 facilities, 1987 total annual releases appeared to have been
underestimated by 2%, representing the net effect of overestimates and underestimates. For non-
zero release estimates, more than three-quarters were within a factor of two of EPA's best estimate.
About 15% were in error by an order of magnitude or more.
The survey of the 1988 data focused on facilities in Standard Industrial Classification (SIC)
codes 28 (chemical manufacturing), 29 (petroleum refining), and 34 (metal finishing and
fabrication). Ninety facilities were visited. The aggregate 1988 release estimates in these industries
were more accurate than their 1987 estimates, since their aggregate 1988 estimates were found to be
approximately equal to the estimates calculated by the EPA contractor.
For the 1987 and 1988 reporting years, in a different type of survey, EPA also identified
approximately 1,800 forms with suspect release data and telephoned facilities to discuss how to
improve and correct their estimates. The information from this survey was also used to improve the
reporting instructions and technical guidance.
EPA has taken steps to make data quality a priority in its enforcement program. During
fiscal year 1992, EPA conducted approximately 600 EPCRA inspections. Of these, over 100
focused on data quality in addition to nonreporting violations. To assist in this endeavor, EPA has
developed a guidance manual for EPA Regional inspectors on what to look for when auditing an
EPCRA reporting facility. The manual contains detailed guidance on how to determine if a facility
has identified all reportable chemicals, made proper threshold determinations, and'provided
reasonable release estimates.
In fiscal year 1990, $1 million was awarded to 11 states to develop and implement TRI data
quality assurance programs. These projects focused on one or more broad data quality assurance
objectives: 1) verification of the accuracy of the estimates and other data submitted by the facilities;
2) identification of facilities that should have reported but did not; and 3) identification of
discrepancies between TRI data reported to EPA and to the state. Quality assurance activities to be
conducted include facility site visits and telephone audits, cross-checking TRI data against other
state data, such as permit data, using computer algorithms to identify suspect estimates, and
comparing TRI data across reporting years.
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SUMMARY OF EPA PROGRAM OFFICE,
REGIONAL OFFICE, AND STATE USES OF
TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY DATA
OFFICE OF AIR AND RADIATION (OAR)
OAR has used the Toxics Release Inventory data for a variety of tasks related to the imple-
mentation of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (GAAA), including the following:
TRI data on the number of facilities emitting a chemical and amount emitted are used in
setting research priorities for the 189 Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) identified in the
CAAA.
TRI data were used to estimate the number of major sources of HAPs that might be
affected by regulations under section 112(g), the modifications provision,of the CAAA.
TRI estimates of emissions from publicly owned treatment works (POTWs) were used in
establishing maximum achievable control technology (MACT) standards required by Title
m of the CAAA.
TRI data are usecl to target potential sources for inclusion in the Early Reductions Program,
which is a means of getting enforceable reductions of toxic emissions before a regulation is
in place.
TRI data are used in inventories of air toxics emissions, and in air toxics "Locating and
Estimating" documents, which help state and local air agencies identify potential source
categories of air toxics in their communities.
TRI data are used to verify the quality and completeness of point source emission inven-
tories in state implementation plans.
TRI data are used to aid in identifying potential or actual violations of the National
Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for lead.
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TRI data were used to identify which of the 189 HAPs might be emitted as participates and
thus might be captured by control equipment used in response to the NAAQS for particu-
late matter.
TRI data will be used as a measure of the progress of the CAAA in reducing air toxics.
OFFICE OF POLLUTION PREVENTION AND Toxics (OPPT)
OPPT is using TRI data in a variety of ways to support EPA's Source Reduction Review
Project (SRRP). The SRRP is an EPA-wide effort to use the regulatory development process to
promote source reduction within the EPA programs. As an example, for the "Metal Products and
Machinery" effluent guideline being developed under the Clean Water Act, OPPT has used TRI data
to identify the types of source reduction techniques already adopted by some facilities. This
information will help the Agency to identify candidate facilities for site visits, as well as tech:
nologies that might serve as the basis for the selection of a prevention-oriented "Best Available
Technology" treatment standard for the effluent guideline ultimately developed.
OPPT is developing an "opportunities map" for targeting potential new projects and collab-
orators under the Design for the Environment (Dffi) Program. One of DfE's primary objectives is
to effect behavioral change in the private sector by removing structural impediments to pollution
prevention, and by promoting the concept of "green design." The targeting effort under DfE will
draw upon existing information, including TRI data, to identify: (a) key sources of environmental
problems, (b) potential change agents, and (c) the necessary infrastructural and institutional changes
to effect environmental improvement. '
TRI data form the backbone of EPA's innovative 33/50 Program, which seeks to achieve
voluntary national reductions of 33% by 1902 and 50% by 1995 in the releases and off-site transfers
of 17 high priority TRI chemicals, using 1988 TRI reporting as a baseline. EPA has used TRI
reporting data to identify more than 7,600 parent companies of the more than 16,400 facilities that
have reported one or more of the target chemicals since 1988 (see Chapter 4). Each company has
been contacted by EPA to solicit their participation in the Program. Participation in the 33/50
Program is easy, since companies' environmental releases and off-site transfers are already reported
to TRI. Accordingly, no additional environmental data are required to be reported; companies
merely inform us of their interest in participating and voluntary commitment to specific reduction
targets.
Assessments of the 33/50 Program's progress in meeting its ambitious national goals, as well
as the progress individual companies are making in achieving their own reduction targets, are made
directly from environmental data already being reported annually to TRI. The Pollution Prevention
Act's expansion of TRI reporting data for 1991 and beyond will greatly assist the Agency in
determining the extent to which companies' pollution prevention initiatives contributed to observed
reductions in releases and transfers. The new two-year forecasting data will also help by providing
advance notice of any potential shortfalls in meeting the national goals, enabling EPA to attempt to
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determine if there are barriers inhibiting companies' reduction efforts. Finally, the Agency hopes
that the requirement for companies to project future emissions will provide additional incentives to
investigate source reduction opportunities and participate in the 33/50 Program.
The OPPT Existing Chemicals Program continues to use the TRI data for risk screening,
testing, and pollution prevention activities in the Risk Management assessment processes. TRI data
serve as a major input to exposure and risk assessments in OPPT. TRI data have also been useful in
identifying target audiences for risk notification efforts following Risk Management assessment.
The TRI is especially important to the Existing Chemical Program's new initiatives on
pollution prevention. TRI data are used for targeting chemicals/uses/facilities for pollution preven-
tion assessment and for evaluating pollution prevention actions. TRI data are also used by the
Chemical Assessment Desk and other OPPT outreach efforts to respond to inquiries from a variety
of sources.
OPPT has developed software that contains health and ecotoxicity information on most of
the section 313 chemicals. This software is called PC-TRIFACTS and enables the TRI data user to
better understand the potential health and ecological effects of chemical releases identified in
theTRI.
OFFICE OF ENFORCEMENT (OE) AND OFFICE OF COMPLIANCE MONITORING (OCM)
OE, OCM, and EPA Regional offices continue to use TRI data as a tool in inspection target-
ing and enforcement. In addition, the TRI data are constantly evaluated with an eye towards sector-
wide EPCRA initiatives. Finally, the data are included in an enforcement data base system that is
used to develop multi-media/multi-statute cases .and initiatives.
OCM and OE cross-check data collected under EPCRA and the Toxic Substances Control
Act (TSCA) to identify those facilities or types of businesses that reported for some but not all of the
reporting rules. By using TRI data and the Facility and Company Tracking System (FACTS),
enforcement personnel are able to identify additional facilities owned by the same parent corpora-
tion or the same company that may be subject to liability.
OCM uses the TRI data in its EPCRA Targeting System (ETS), which provides local access
to TRI and FACTS data for all facilities subject to EPCRA section 313 requirements. ETS supports
creation of prioritized inspection targeting lists, generated from a wide array of selection criteria,
and daily targeting activities, such as contact with facilities and tracking tips and complaints. Nine
of the ten EPA Regional field offices have been introduced to this new system.
The Multi-media Coordination Team (MCT), which was established as an experimental unit
in OE during the summer of 1991, is using TRI data through the Integrated Data for Enforcement
Analysis (IDEA) system. IDEA provides integrated data on individual facilities' compliance
records for most of the statutes administered by EPA through access to approximately ten separate
data bases, including the Toxics Release Inventory System (TRIS). The TRI data aid OE in
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developing enforcement initiatives. EPA uses the data to distinguish between industrial sectors
based on risk, in terms of types of chemicals reported, total pounds of toxic chemicals released,
types of releases, and average pounds released per facility.
OE staff routinely access TRI data on facilities for which violations under other statutes have
been identified, with an eye toward including EPCRA violations in the same case or using the
information as leverage in negotiations.
TRI data continue to be extremely helpful in identifying pollution prevention projects.
Enforcement staff use data on releases and transfers to identify (or evaluate) projects that will
significantly reduce emissions, or those that will help prevent or minimize the release of extremely
hazardous substances under EPCRA section 302.
OCM places a high priority on enhancing the use of TRI data among Regional field per-
sonnel. OCM has issued guidance to the field offices on the resources available to their inspectors
in identifying non-reporters, late reporters, and data quality errors. These resources provide the
inspectors with valuable information extrapolated from the Toxics Release Inventory, such as
facility reporting rates, processes, and releases.
OFFICE OF: SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE (OSWER)
TRI data, in combination with other information on waste minimization, are useful in
analyzing long-term trends and identifying particular industry practices that warrant attention by the
program.
With respect to enforcement, TRI data supplement other existing data sources and can be
called on to assist in the development of OSWER enforcement priorities. TRI data also are valuable
as a means of establishing liability under both the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Com-
pensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA) and the Resource Conservation Recovery Act of
1976 (RCRA).
Another site-specific function of the TRT data base relates to its role in providing emission
information that can be used when developing emission inventories for the Superfund site discovery
program and when undertaking Superfund preliminary assessments of sites. In the reportable
quantity (RQ) program, TRI data could be used to support future rulemaking under CERCLA (e.g.,
designation of additional hazardous substances). In addition, states use the TRI data in conjunction
with other data obtained under EPCRA for accident prevention planning.
OFFICE OF WATER (OW)
TRI is being used as a source of data regarding discharge/release of contaminants to ground-
water and surface water. The TRI data are used with other pertinent exposure and toxicity-related
factors (e.g., quantity produced, occurrence in water, human health effects) in identifying and
prioritizing drinking water contaminants. The prioritized list will be used to identify candidates for
regulatory consideration.
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- TRI data were used as a screening mechanism for possible sources of wellhead contamina-
tion. Using TRI and other relevant data in a Geographic Information System (CIS), potential
contamination sources have been identified. These sources may affect community groundwater
systems in the development and implementation of wellhead protection programs. EPA Regional
offices continue to coordinate groundwater programs, using GIS as a cross-program tool.
OW has also identified the TRI data as one source EPA Regional offices should use to list a
water body or facility under section 304(1) of the Clean Water Act. Section 304(1) requires listing of
navigable waters that do not meet certain water quality standards and development of appropriate
pollution control strategies for those water bodies.
OW's Gulf of Mexico Program uses the TRI data and other information to identify and
quantify inputs of toxic chemicals to the Gulf. This information is then used to calculate a toxicity
index for various Gulf estuaries.
The Office of Water Enforcement and Compliance (OWEC) has used TRI data to identify
industrial users with the greatest combination of toxic pollutants to city sewer systems. Certain
facilities are referred to EPA Regional offices for further evaluation.
OWEC also used TRI data to identify industrial users (Ills) subject to pretreatment standards
that are located in cities that are not required to have pretreatment programs. Comparing location of
users to cities without approved pretreatment programs may be a way of identifying Ills for which
EPA is responsible. OW is also matching permitted facilities with reported TRI discharges to
surface water to identify any unpermitted dischargers.
The TRI data were also used in compiling a report to Congress on the National Pretreatment
Program, and in identifying the types and sources of pollutants discharged to publicly owned treat-
ment works (POTWs). ,
OW is evaluating the types and volumes of TRI discharges reported by "minor" and "major"
. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) facilities to assess the relative risk
presented by minor as opposed to major facilities.
In developing effluent guidelines, OW needs to understand which pollutants are released
from pesticide manufacturing facilities and the patterns of those releases. Some TRI data are useful
for screening purposes; however, the OW effluent guidelines program also screens for a number of
pollutants not reported under TRI.
EPA REGIONAL USE OF TRI DATA
The Regions continue to use the data as an outreach tool, in enforcement targeting, and as an
aid in risk screening. Multi-media inspections that include EPCRA, TSCA, Air, Water, and the
RCRA programs have increased. This past year, pollution prevention initiatives, some of which rely
on TRI as the yardstick of their success, were evident in all the Regions. A few examples of TRI
data use in the Regions follow.
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EPA's Region 5 (headquartered in Chicago) has used the TRI data extensively, particularly
in their air and water programs. The Region 5 Air and Radiation Division has used the TRI data in
four program areas: 1) identification of largest lead emissions sources in the Region, review of
those sources for compliance with the Clean Air Act, and evaluation of their potential for voluntary
emissions reductions; 2) support for enforcement cases, including identification of specific air toxics
at a source and identification of Clean Air Act violations; 3) evaluation of company submittals
seeking to receive compliance extensions through the Early Reduction Program; and 4) quanti-
fication of atmospheric deposition of heavy metals to the Great Lakes.
The Region 5 Water Division uses the TRI data as a baseline data set for a variety of pur-
poses. In the permits program, TRI data provide a checklist for pollutants and their estimated loads
that are used to ensure that reported pollutants are being addressed adequately through regulation or
enforcement. In non-regulatory water programs, such as the Great Lakes Lakewide Management
Plans and Remedial Action Plans and geographic initiatives in Northwest Indiana and Southeast
Michigan, TRI data are used as a baseline data set for assessing and targeting the multi-media
regulatory programs for existing effluent limitation and for pollution prevention activities. TRI data
are also used in these geographic programs to identify potential sources of Critical Pollutants to
individual Great Lake drainage basins and to specific sub-watersheds, allowing these areas to be
ranked and prioritized based on relative watershed loadings.
EPA's Region 9 (headquartered in San Francisco) is using TRI data in a Government-
Industry Pollution Prevention Project in Los Angeles County. This project is designed to extend
EPA's 33/50 voluntary pollution prevention program to all TRI emitters in this geographic area,
which has the highest TRI emissions in Region 9. In this project, the Region is working to form a
partnership with industry and other governmental agencies in order to promote pollution prevention
through community involvement, pilot pollution prevention projects, and incentives for industry
participation.
STATE USE: OF TRI DATA
State TRI programs vary greatly in resources and sophistication; some states are able to do
little more man store TRI forms in filing cabinets and boxes, while other states have complex pro- ,
grams of TRI data availability, data analysis, and pollution prevention activities. A 1992 survey of
states and territories found that 34 pf 52 respondents had entered at least one "year's TRI data into a
computer database; 28 of these included 3 or more years of data in their database. Twenty-six states
generate customized database reports, 20 states provide data runs for the public, and 6 states allow
direct public access to the computerized database. A follow-up survey completed in March 1993
found that 16 of 46 states used TRI data in Geographical Information Systems or other mapping
projects, and 14 help analyze the data for the public by providing health effects or risk analysis
information. More complete information about these survey results can be found in the TRI State
Fact Sheet Book (EPA 745-F-93-002), May 1993.
The U.S. EPA has promoted state management, use, and quality assurance of the TRI data
through a variety of grant programs, including two TRI-specific programs in 1990 and 1991. In
1990, the EPA awarded a total of $1.0 million to eleven states for data management and data quality
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projects under the TRI Data Quality Assurance program. In 1991, EPA awarded $800,000 to 10
states for a variety of start-up and advanced TRI program activities under the TRI Data Capabilities
Program. Many of the products of these grant activities have been distributed to EPA Regions,
other states, and State Emergency Response Commissions (SERCs) and Local Emergency Planning
Committees (LEPCs). TRI-related grants have also been awarded to states through the EPA's
compliance monitoring, pollution prevention, and other programs.
The Office of Pollution Prevention within the New Jersey Department of Environmental
Protection and Energy is using the TRI database in conjunction with the department's Geographic
Information System (GIS) and information collected through the state's own Right-to-Know pro-
gram to conduct pollution prevention research. The objectives of this study are to identify facilities,
processes, and geographic areas where pollution prevention measures are likely to be most effective,
to prioritize facilities for emissions reductions actions, and to develop and document these identi-
fication and prioritization methods for use by other states.
Among the activities in this New Jersey project are 1) enhancement of facility locational data
within the TRI database and generation of locational data for POTWs and off-site disposal facilities,
2) creation of chemical groups based on similar health and environmental effects to help determine
patterns of impact, 3) using grid cells and minor watershed boundaries to aggregate releases and
map their density and approximate areal extent, 4) developing comparison methods for prioritizing
geographic areas or groups of facilities for targeting pollution prevention efforts, 5) analysis of
throughput efficiency for facilities in two priority areas, and 6) designing a user interface to make
the TRI data and modeling results more accessible, particularly to people who are not regular GIS
users.
The state of Virginia maintains an up-to-date electronic database of TRI data, which is also
integrated with reporting under other sections of EPCRA, including sections 302, 304, 311, and 312
(sections related to emergency planning, emergency release notification, and chemical inventory
reporting). Virginia also publishes an annual TRI summary report that is made available as hard
copy and on diskette. Virginia state and local government planners and policy-makers are using TRI
data and reports in the areas of hazardous materials response, emergency planning, environmental
enforcement, and minimization of hazardous waste. Partly as a result of the state's TRI annual
report, state agencies responsible for environmental protection have increased their technical assist-
ance to and regulatory compliance monitoring of Virginia facilities.
The state of Washington is using TRI release information in its pollution prevention legis-
lation, both for determining which facilities must participate in pollution prevention planning and as
part of the basis for planning fees.
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POTENTIAL HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF FIFTEEN
HIGH RELEASE TRI CHEMICALS AND
TRI OZONE-DEPLETING CHEMICALS
The fifteen Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) chemicals that were released to the environment
in greatest quantity in 1991 are listed in Tables A-l and A-2. Table A-l provides a 'X-list'
summary of potential adverse health and environmental effects of these high release TRI chemicals.
Table A-2 lists available EPA drinking water levels and ambient air standards for the chemicals.
The list contains thirteen discrete chemicals (assuming the three xylene isomers are considered one
chemical) and two groups of unspecified metal (manganese and zinc) compounds. Included in the
list of thirteen discrete chemicals are two inorganic gases (chlorine and ammonia), three inorganic
acids (hydrochloric, sulfuric, and phosphoric), and eight volatile organic solvents (two ketones, two
aromatic hydrocarbons, two chlorinated hydrocarbons, carbon disulfide, and methanol).
The following is a summary of potential adverse health and environmental effects of the
1991 top fifteen volume-released TRI chemicals/chemical categories.
Acetone (also known as dimethylketone) is a flammable liquid that is likely to evaporate
when exposed to air. Acetone is irritating to the skin, eye, nose, throat, and upper respiratory tract.
EPA has categorized acetone as a Group D carcinogen; EPA has concluded that acetone is not
classifiable as to its cancer-causing potential. Sufficient cancer evidence is not available in either
human studies or animal studies to allow EPA to make a more definite determination. For non-
cancer effects, EPA has established an oral reference dose (RfD) of 0.1 mg/kg/day for acetone. The
RfD is based on results from a 90-day rat gavage study showing no adverse kidney effects at a dose
of 100 mg/kg/day. The RfD assumes that a 70 kg person could consume (by the oral route) up to 7
mg of acetone daily over a lifetime without appreciable risk of adverse non-cancer effects. An
inhalation reference concentration (RfC) for potential non-cancer effects of acetone is currently
pending Agency review.
Acetone is expected to have low toxicity to aquatic organisms. Concentrations lethal to half
the organisms of a test population are expected to exceed 1 mg/L. Acetone is not expected to persist
in water or bioaccumulate in aquatic life. Because of its potential to volatilize and react in the
lower atmosphere, acetone may contribute to formation of photochemical smog.
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' Ammonia is a corrosive and severely irritating gas with a pungent odor; ammonia can also
exist in aqueous solutions. Ammonia is irritating to the skin, eyes, nose, throat, and upper respira-
tory system. EPA has established an inhalation reference concentration (RfC) of 0.1 mg/m3
(approximately 0.14 ppm) for non-cancer effects for ammonia. The RfC is based on results showing
no adverse effects on lung function in workers monitored during a chronic occupational exposure
study. The RfC assumes that a person, breathing 20 cubic meters a day, can be exposed over a
lifetime to daily atmospheric amounts of less than 2 mg of ammonia without appreciable risk for
adverse non-cancer lung effects. EPA has not evaluated ammonia for its cancer-causing potential or
established an oral reference dose (RfD) for its potential non-cancer effects.
Ammonia is expected to have moderate toxicity to aquatic organisms. Concentrations lethal
to half the organisms of a test population are expected to be between 0.1 mg/L and 1 mg/L.
Ammonia is not expected to persist in water or bioaccumulate in aquatic life. Because it is a source
of nitrogen, an essential element for aquatic plant growth, ammonia may contribute to eutrophi-
catibn of standing or slow-moving surface water. Eutrophication may stimulate the overgrowth of
algae whose death and decay may lead to depletion of dissolved oxygen in the water. Low levels of
dissolved oxygen limit the type of aquatic organisms, that can survive in the water.
Carbon disulfide is a flammable liquid that is likely to evaporate when exposed to air. For
non-cancer effects, EPA has established an oral reference dose (RfD) of 0.1 mg/kg/day for carbon
disulfide. The RfD is based on results from a inhalation developmental toxicity study in rats show-
ing no adverse effects at a level of 20 ppm. (One ppm of carbon disulfide is equivalent to 3.1 mg
per cubic meter of air). The RfD assumes that a 70 kg person could consume (by the oral route) up
to 7 mg of carbon disulfide daily over a lifetime without appreciable risk of adverse non-cancer
effects. An inhalation reference concentration (RfC) for potential non-cancer effects of carbon
disulfide is currently pending Agency review. EPA has not evaluated carbon disulfide for its
cancer-causing potential.
Carbon disulfide is expected to have low toxicity to aquatic organisms. Concentrations
lethal to half the organisms of a test population are expected to be greater than 1 mg/L. Carbon
disulfide is not expected to persist in water or bioaccumulate in aquatic life.
Chlorine is a corrosive and severely irritating gas with a suffocating odor. Contact with
moisture (e.g., the water present in mucous membranes in the nose and throat) results in the forma-
tion of hydrochloric acid. Chlorine can severely damage exposed tissue (the skin, eye, nose, throat,
upper respiratory tract, and the lung). EPA has not evaluated chlorine for its cancer-causing poten-
tial or established an oral reference dose (RfD) or an inhalation reference concentration (RfC) for its
potential non-cancer effects. A cancer assessment of chlorine and an inhalation reference concen-
tration (RfC) for its non-cancer effects are currently pending Agency review.
Chlorine is expected to have high toxicity to aquatic organisms. Concentrations lethal to half
the organisms in a test population are expected to be less than 0.1 mg/L. Chlorine is not expected to
persist in water or bioaccumulate in aquatic life. Chlorine is expected to damage exposed portions
of terrestrial plants.
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Dichloromethane (also known as methylene chloride) is a non-flammable liquid that is
likely to evaporate when exposed to air. EPA has classified dichloromethane as a Group B2 or a
'probable human' carcinogen. This determination is based on sufficient evidence of cancer from
animal studies of dichloromethane; it has been shown to cause cancer in both oral and inhalation
studies. Sufficient evidence of cancer is not available from human studies. Non-cancer effects of
dichloromethane include its potential to cause adverse liver and kidney effects. For these effects,
EPA has established an oral reference dose (RfD) of 0.06 mg/kg/day for dichloromethane. The RfD
is based on results from a two-year rat drinking water study showing no adverse effects at a dose of
6 mg/kg/day. The RfD assumes that a 70 kg person could consume (by the oral route) up to 4.2 mg
of dichloromethane daily for a lifetime without appreciable risk of adverse non-cancer effects. An
inhalation reference concentration (RfC) for potential non-cancer effects of dichloromethane is
currently pending Agency review.
Dichloromethane is expected to have moderate toxicity to aquatic organisms. Concentrations
lethal to half the organisms of a test population are expected to be between 0.1 mg/L and 1 mg/L.
Dichloromethane is not expected to persist in water or bioaccumulate in aquatic life. Because of
dichloromethane is expected to react in the lower atmosphere, it is unlikely to remain in air long
enough to reach the upper layers of the atmosphere (the stratosphere) and be a source of ozone-
destroying chlorine atoms.
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride gas; its vapors have a
pungent odor. Hydrochloric acid and hydrogen chloride gas are severely irritating to the skin, eyes,
nose, throat, and upper respiratory tract. EPA has established an inhalation reference concentration
(RfC) of 0.007 mg/m3 (approximately 0.005 ppm) for HCl for non-cancer effects. The RfC is based
on results showing abnormal increases in cell growth in the upper respiratory tract of animals
exposed to HCl/air concentrations of 10 ppm over their lifetimes. The RfC assumes that a person,
breathing 20 cubic meters a day, can be exposed over a lifetime to daily atmospheric amounts of less
than 0.14 mg of hydrogen chloride without appreciable risk for adverse non-cancer upper respiratory
effects. EPA has not evaluated HCl for its cancer-causing potential or established an oral reference
dose (RfD) for its potential non-cancer effects. HCl has been shown to cause adverse effects in the
developing fetus in animal studies.
Hydrochloric acid is expected to have low toxicity to aquatic organisms. Concentrations
lethal to half the organisms in a test population are expected to be greater than 1 mg/L. HCl is not
expected to persist in water or bioaccumulate in aquatic life. Depending on the capacity to resist
changes in acidity and alkalinity (the buffering capacity) of receiving water, HCl can increase the
water's acidity (as measured by decreases in pH). A pH lower than 6.5 is generally considered to be
unsuitable for the reproduction of sensitive aquatic populations.
Manganese is an essential element in human growth and maintenance of health. Of the trace
elements required for human health, manganese is probably one of the least toxic when it is ingested
in the diet. Manganese appears to be more toxic when exposure occurs by drinking water or by
inhalation. Manganese compounds are of particular concern for human health when they exist in air
as dusts or as fumes. EPA has categorized manganese as a Group D carcinogen; EPA has concluded
that manganese is not classifiable as to its cancer-causing potential. Sufficient cancer evidence is
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not available in either human studies or animal studies to allow EPA to make a more definite
determination! For non-cancer effects, EPA has established two oral reference doses (RfDs) for
manganese, one for dietary ingestion and one for ingestibn by drinking water. These oral RfDs for
manganese are 0..14 mg/kg/day for dietary intake and 0.005 mg/kg/day for drinking water intake.
The RfD (derived for dietary ingestion) is based a composite level (0.14 mg/kg/day) for manganese
thought to be acceptable in the human diet. This RfD assumes that a 70 kg person could consume
(through the diet) up to 9.8 mg of manganese daily over a lifetime without appreciable risk of
adverse non-cancer effects. The RfD (derived for drinking water ingestion) is based on results from
an epidemiology study of potential adverse central nervous system effects in people consuming
manganese-contaminated drinking water. Adverse effects were observed at a daily dose of man-
ganese at 0.06 mg/kg but not at 0.005 mg/kg. This RfD assumes that a 70 kg person could ingest up
to 0.35 mg of manganese in drinking water daily over a lifetime without appreciable risk of adverse
non-cancer, central nervous system effects. For non-cancer effects, EPA has established an inhala-
tion reference concentration (RfC) of 0.0004 mg/m3 for manganese. The RfC is based on results
from a chronic worker exposure study showing manganese-related, adverse central nervous system
and respiratory effects at a level as low as 0.97 mg of manganese/m3. The RfC assumes that a
person, breathing 20 cubic meters a day, can be exposed over a lifetime to daily atmospheric
amounts of less than 0.008 mg of manganese without appreciable risk for adverse non-cancer,
central nervous system or upper respiratory effects. Manganese may also cause adverse repro-
ductive effects in hurnans by the inhalation route.
Manganese and its compounds are expected to have moderate toxicity to aquatic organisms.
Concentrations lethal to half the organisms of a test population are expected to be between 0.1 mg/L
and 1 mg/L. Manganese is likely to persist in water. Its concentration in aquatic tissue is not
expected to be significantly higher than its concentration in surrounding water.
Methanol is a flammable liquid that is likely to evaporate when exposed to air. For non-
cancer effects, EPA has established an oral reference dose (RfD) of 0.5 mg/kg/day for methanol.
The RfD is based on results from a 90-day gavage study in rats showing no adverse changes in liver
enzyme levels or in brain weight at a dose as high as 500 mg/kg/day. The RfD assumes that a 70 kg
person could consume (by the oral route) up to 35 mg of methanol daily over a lifetime without
appreciable risk of adverse non-cancer effects. An inhalation reference concentration (RfC) for
potential non-cancer effects of methanol is currently pending Agency review. EPA has not
evaluated methanol for its cancer-causing potential.
Methanol is expected to have low toxicity to aquatic organisms. Concentrations lethal to half
the organisms of a test population are expected to exceed 1 mg/L. Methanol is not expected to
persist in water or bioaccumulate in aquatic life.
Methylchloroform (see 1,1,1-Trichloroethane)
Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) is a flammable liquid that is likely to evaporate when exposed
to air. MEK is irritating to the skin, eye, nose, throat, and upper respiratory tract. EPA.has cate-
gorized MEK as a Group D carcinogen; EPA has concluded that MEK is not classifiable as to its
cancer-causing potential. Sufficient cancer evidence is not available in either human studies or
329
-------
^ | TRI Data Release; Appendices
animal studies to allow EPA to make a more definite determination. For non-cancer effects, EPA
has established an inhalation reference concentration (RfC) of 1 mg/m3 for MEK. The RfC is based
on results from an inhalation developmental toxicity study in rats showing no adverse effects at 100
ppm. (One ppm of MEK is equivalent to 2.9 mg per cubic meter of air). The RfC assumes that a
person, breathing 20 cubic meters of air per day, can be exposed over a lifetime to daily atmospheric
amounts of less than 20 mg of MEK without appreciable risk of adverse non-cancer effects. An oral
reference dose (RfD) for potential non-cancer effects of methyl ethyl ketone has recently been
withdrawn for further Agency review. .
Methyl ethyl ketone is expected to have low toxicity to aquatic organisms. Concentrations
lethal to half the organisms of a test population are expected to exceed 1 mg/L.. Methyl ethyl ketone
is not expected to persist in water or bioaccumulate in aquatic life. Because of its potential to
volatilize and react in the lower atmosphere, MEK may contribute to formation of photochemical
smog.
Methylene Chloride (see Dichlorornethane)
Phosphoric acid exists as either a solid or thick liquid. Aqueous solutions of phosphoric
acid are corrosive and irritating to the skin, eye, and mucous membranes. EPA has not evaluated
phosphoric acid for its cancer-causing potential or established an oral reference dose (RfD) or
inhalation reference concentration (RfC) for its potential non-cancer effects.
Phosphoric acid is expected to have low toxicity to aquatic organisms. Concentrations lethal
to half the organisms in a test population are expected to be greater than 1 mg/L. Phosphoric acid is
not expected to persist in water or bioaccumulate in aquatic life. Depending on the capacity to resist
changes in acidity and alkalinity (the buffering capacity) of receiving water, phosphoric acid can
increase the water's acidity (as measured by decreases in pH). A pH lower than 6.5 is generally
considered to be unsuitable for the reproduction of sensitive aquatic populations. Because it is a
source of phosphorus, an essential element for aquatic plant growth, phosphoric acid may contribute
to eutrophication of standing or slow moving surface water. Eutrophication may stimulate the
overgrowth of algae whose death and decay may lead to depletion of the dissolved oxygen content
of the water. Low levels of dissolved oxygen limit the type of aquatic organisms that can survive in
the water.
Sulfuric acid is a corrosive liquid that is severely irritating to the skin, eye, nose, throat, and
upper respiratory tract. EPA has not evaluated sulfuric acid for its cancer-causing potential or
established an oral reference dose (RfD) or inhalation reference concentration (RfC) for its potential
non-cancer effects.
Sulfuric acid is expected to have moderate toxicity to aquatic organisms. Concentrations
lethal to half the organisms in a test population are expected to be between 0.1 mg/L and 1 mg/L.
330
-------
15 High Release/Transfer and Ozone-Depleting TRI Chemicals
Sulfuric acid is not expected to persist in water or bioaccumulate in aquatic life. Depending
on the capacity to resist changes in acidity and alkalinity (the buffering capacity) of receiving water,
sulfuric acid can increase the water's acidity (as measured by decreases in pH). A pH lower than 6.5
is generally considered to be unsuitable for the reproduction of sensitive aquatic populations.
Toluene is a flammable liquid that is likely to evaporate when exposed to air. EPA has
categorized toluene as a Group D carcinogen; EPA has concluded that toluene is not classifiable as
to its cancer-causing potential. Sufficient cancer evidence is not available in either human studies or
animal studies to allow EPA to make a more definite determination. For non-cancer effects, EPA
has established an oral reference dose (RfD) of 0.2 mg/kg/day for toluene. The RfD is based on
results from a 90-day gavage study in rats showing no adverse liver and kidney effects at a dose-as
high as 312 mg/kg/day. The RfD assumes that a 70 kg person could consume (by the oral route) up
to 14 mg of toluene daily for a lifetime without appreciable risk of adverse non-cancer effects. For
non-cancer effects, EPA has established an inhalation reference concentration (RfC) of 0.4 mg/m3
(approximately 0.1 ppm) for toluene. The RfC is based on results from a chronic occupational
exposure study showing adverse central nervous system effects in workers exposed at a level as low
as 88 ppm (approximately 330 mg/m3). The RfC assumes that a person, breathing 20 cubic meters a
day, can be exposed over a lifetime to daily atmospheric amounts of less than 8 mg of toluene
without appreciable risk for adverse non-cancer effects. Toluene has been shown to damage the
developing fetus in animal studies at high levels of exposure, as low as 420 mg/kg/day orally and
200 ppm (approximately 760 mg/m3) by inhalation.
Toluene is expected to be moderately toxic to aquatic organisms. Concentrations lethal to
half the organisms of a test population are expected to be between 0.1 mg/L and 1 mg/L. .Toluene is
not expected to persist in water or bioaccumulate in aquatic life. Because of its potential to vola-
tilize and react in the lower atmosphere, toluene may contribute to formation of phptochemical
smog.
1,1,1-TrichIoroethane (also known as methylchloroform) is a non-flammable liquid that is
likely to evaporate when exposed to air. EPA has categorized methylchloroform as a Group D
carcinogen; EPA has concluded that methylchloroform is not classifiable as to its cancer-causing
potential. Sufficient cancer evidence is not available in either human studies or animal studies to
allow EPA to make a more definite determination. Available evidence from short-term assays
suggests methylchloroform may be a rmitagen. EPA has recently withdrawn an oral reference dose
(RfD) for potential non-cancer effects of methylchloroform. An inhalation reference concentration
(RfC) for potential non-cancer effects of methylchloroform is currently pending Agency review.
Methyl chloroform is expected to have low toxicity to aquatic organisms; concentrations
lethal to half the organisms of a test population are expected to be greater than 1 mg/L. Methyl-
chloroform is not expected to persist in water or bioaccumulate in aquatic life. Because of its
expected low reactivity in the lower atmosphere, methylchloroform could stay in air long enough to
reach the upper layers of the atmosphere. Methylchloroform could be a source of ozone-destroying
chlorine atoms in the upper layer of the atmosphere known as the stratosphere.
331
-------
,., I TRI Data Release: Appendices
Xylene is the name shared by three chemicals, each a dimethyl benzene isomer; the chemi-
cals are flammable liquids that are likely to evaporate when exposed to air. EPA has categorized
xylene as a Group D carcinogen; EPA has concluded that xylene is not classifiable as to its cancer-
causing potential. Sufficient cancer evidence is not available in either human studies or animal
studies to allow EPA to make a more definite determination. For non-cancer effects, EPA has
established an oral reference dose (RfD) of 2 mg/kg/day for xylene. The RfD is based on results
from a lifetime rat gavage study showing no adverse effects at a dose as high as 250 mg/kg/day.
The RfD assumes a 70 kg person could consume (by the oral route) up to 140 mg of xylene daily
over a lifetime without appreciable risk of adverse non-cancer effects. An inhalation reference
concentration (RfC) for potential non-cancer effects of xylene is currently pending Agency review.
Limited information suggests xylene may damage the developing fetus of animals at high levels of
inhalation exposure.
Xylene is expected to have moderate toxicity to aquatic organisms. Concentrations lethal to
one half the organisms of a test population are expected to be between 0.1 mg/L and 1 mg/L.
Xylene is not expected to persist in water or bioaccumulate in aquatic life. Because of its potential
to volatilize and react in the lower atmosphere, xylene may contribute to formation of
photochemical smog.
Zinc is also an essential element in human growth and maintenance of health. EPA has
categorized zinc as a Group D carcinogen; EPA has concluded that zinc is not classifiable as to its
cancer-causing potential. Sufficient cancer evidence is not available in either human studies or
animal studies to allow EPA to make a more definite determination. EPA has established an oral
reference dose (RfD) of 0.3 mg/kg/day for soluble zinc salts. The RfD is based on results from a
clinical study of potential effects in people consuming zinc supplements in their diet. Adverse
effects indicative of imbalances of copper in the body were observed at a daily dose of supplemental
zinc at 1 mg/kg. The RfD assumes that a 70 kg person could ingest up to 21 mg of soluble zinc salts
daily over a lifetime without appreciable risk of adverse effects. EPA has not established an inhala-
tion reference concentration (RfC) for zinc for its potential non-cancer effects. Zinc has been shown
to damage the developing fetus at doses as low as 100 mg/kg/day in animal studies.
Zinc and its salts are expected to be highly toxicity to aquatic organisms. Concentrations
lethal to half the organisms of a test population are expected to be less than 0.1 mg/L. Zinc is likely
to persist in water. Its concentration in aquatic tissue is expected to be significantly higher than its
concentration in surrounding water.
332
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15 High Release/Transfer and Ozone-Depleting TRI Chemicals
Table A-1. Potential Adverse Human Health and Environmental Effects of the Top Fifteen Released TRI
Chemicals (1991).
CHEMICALS
Acetone
Ammonia
Carbon Bisulfide
Chlorine
Dichloromethane
Hydrochloric Acid
Manganese
Methanol
Methyl Ethyl Ketone
Phosphoric Acid
Sulfuric Acid
Toluene
1,1,1-Trichloro-
ethane
Xylene
Zinc
Irr/
Corr
X
X
X
X
. X
X
X
X
Cancer
X
POT!
Muta
ENTIAL t
Chronic
X
X
X
X
?
X
X
ADVERSE
Develop
_
X
X
X
?
X
: EFFE(
Repro
X
(inhal)
:TS
Aquatic
X
X
X
?
X
X
X
X
X
X
Ozone
Deple-
tion
X
Smog
Forma-
tion
X
X
X
X
333
-------
TRI Data Release: Appendices |
Table A-2. Drinking Water Health Advisories/Maximum Contaminant Levels and Air Standards for the Top
Fifteen Released TRI Chemicals (1991).
AMBIENT
HEALTH MAXIMUM AIR
CHEMICALS ADVISORIES CONTAMINANT STANDARDS
, (mg/L)
Goal Level
Acetone
Ammonia
Carbon Disulfide
Chlorine
Dichloromethane
Hydrochloric Acid
Manganese
Methanol
Methyl Ethyl Ketone
Phosphoric Acid
Sulfuric Acid
Toluene
1,1 , 1-Trichloroethane
Xylene
Zinc
None
None
None
None
10-day (child): 2 mg/L
longer term
(child): 0.5 mg/L
(adult): 2mg/L
None
None
None
10-day (child): 8 mg/L
longer term (child): 3 mg/L
lifetime (adult): 0.2 mg/L
None
None
10-day (child): 3 mg/L
longer term (child): 3 mg/L
lifetime (adult): 2 mg/L
10-day (child): 40 mg/L
longer term (child): 40 mg/L
lifetime (adult): 0.2 mg/L
10-day (child): 40 mg/L
longer term (child): 40 mg/L
lifetime (adult): 10 mg/L
None
None
None
None
None,
0 0.005
None
1.3 (proposed)
None
None
None
None
1 1
0.2 0.2
10 10
None
None
None
None
None
None
. None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
334
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I 15 High Release/Transfer and Ozone-Depleting TRI Chemicals |
OZONE DEPLETERS
The following chemicals are listed on the EPCRA section 313 toxic chemical list because of
their contribution to the depletion of stratospheric ozone: Bromochlorodifluoromethane (Halon
1211), Bromomethane (methyl bromide), Bromotrifluoromethane (Halon 1301), Carbon tetra-
chloride, Dibromotetrafluoroethane (Halon 2402), Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12), Dichloro-
tetrafluoroethane (CFG-114), Freon-113, Monochloropentafluoroethane (CFC-115), 1,1,1-Tri-
chloroethane (methyl chloroform), and Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11).
As discussed in Chapter 1, the result of these ozone-depleting chemicals' being released into
the atmosphere is a decrease in the earth's protective ozone layer, yielding an increase in the amount
of ultraviolet-B radiation that reaches the earth's surface. Ultraviolet-B radiation is known to cause
many adverse human health and environmental effects. The following are some of the effects
associated with UV-B radiation exposure:
Health Effects
Skin Cancer
Exposure to ultraviolet-B radiation has been implicated with two types of nonmelanoma skin
cancer: squamous cell cancer and basal cell cancer. In addition, experimental evidence suggests that
ultraviolet-B radiation plays an important role in causing malignant melanoma skin cancer. Recent
studies predict that for each 1 percent change in ultraviolet-B radiation intensity, the incidence of
melanoma could increase from 0.5 to 1 percent.
Other Health Effects
Studies have demonstrated that ultraviolet-B radiation can suppress the immune response
system in animals and possibly in humans.
The incidence of cataracts and adverse affects on the retina are likely to increase with ultra-
violet-B radiation exposure.
Other studies have shown that increased penetration of ultraviolet-B radiation could increase
the rate of tropospheric ozone formation. Data suggest that ozone exposure may lead to chronic
health effects, including morphological changes to, and impaired functioning of, the lungs.
Environmental Effects
Aquatic organisms, particularly phytoplankton, zooplankton, and the larvae of many fishes,
appear to be susceptible to harm from ultraviolet-B radiation because they spend at least part of their
time at or near the surface of the waters they inhabit.
Plants have also been shown to be adversely affected by increased ultraviolet-B radiation.
Possible effects include yield reductions and altering the balance of competition between plants.
335
-------
TRI CHEMICALS IN
OTHER FEDERAL PROGRAMS:
REGULATORY MATRIX
Many of the chemicals covered under the ToxicS Release Inventory (TRI) are also subject to
other environmental laws. The following matrix indicates whether the currently listed TRI chemi-
cals are subject to any of the following selected environmental laws:
1. EPCRA 302: Under the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act
(EPCRA) section 302 (codified at 40 CFR Part 355), facilities with listed extremely hazard-
ous substances (EHSs) in quantities greater than their Threshold Planning Quantities (TPQs)
must report to the State Emergency Response Commission. TPQs are based on a combina-
tion of acute toxicity and ability of the substance to become airborne. The list of EHSs and
their TPQs can be found at 40 CFR Part 355 Appendix A. For more information, contact the
EPCRA Information Hotline: 1-800-535-0202.
2. CAA 112: The Clean Air Act (CAA) section 112, National Emission Standards for Hazard-
ous Air Pollutants (NESHAPS; codified at 40 CFR Part 61), lists the Hazardous Air
Pollutants and includes emissions standards and monitoring requirements for plants with
listed chemicals.
3. CERCLA: Under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and
Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA; 42 USC 9601 et seq.), releases of listed substances at or
above their Reportable Quantities (RQs) must be reported to the National Response Center
(NRC). RQs are set on the basis of aquatic toxicity, acute mammalian toxicity, ignitability,
reactivity, chronic toxicity, and carcinogenicity, with possible adjustment on the basis of
biodegradation, hydrolysis, and photolysis. The list of CERCLA hazardous substances and
their RQs can be found at 40 CFR 302.4. For more information, contact the RCRA/Super-
fund Hotline: 1-800-424-9346.
4. FIFRA: The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) creates a statu-
tory framework under which EPA, through a registration process, regulates the development,
sale, distribution, and use of pesticides.
336
-------
I TRI Regulatory Matrix |
NPDWR: The National Primary Drinking Water Regulations under the Safe Drinking
Water Act, Subparts B and G (codified at 40 CFR Part 141) lists Maximum Contaminant
Levels (MCLs) for certain chemicals. The MCL is the maximum permissible level of a
contaminant in public drinking water systems. MCLs are based on health factors, but are
also required by law to reflect the technological and economic feasibility of removing the
contaminant from the water supply. Further information is available from the Safe Drinking
Water Hotline: 1-800-424-4791.
PPL: The C16an Water Act (GWA) regulates the discharge of pollutants into waterways by
industrial sources, municipal sources, and other sources. These sources of water pollution
are subject to effluent limitations based on guidelines and water quality standards. Approxi-
mately 125 pollutants make up a "Priority Pollutants List." EPA has developed water quality
criteria for all the priority pollutants.
RCRA (P/U): Under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), hazardous
wastes are required to be managed "cradle to grave" (i.e., from the point of generation to the
point of ultimate disposal). For a waste to be classified as hazardous, it can be an F, K, P, or
U listed hazardous waste (40 CFR 261.30 - 261.33) or exhibit one of the following charac-
teristics: ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, or toxicity.
The chemicals on the P and U list are commercial chemical products, off-specification
species, container residues, and spill residues. The chemicals on the P list have, been identi-
fied as acute hazardous waste; those on the U list have been identified as toxic wastes. For
more information, contact the RCRA/Superfund Hotline: 1-800-424-9346.
337
-------
TRI Data Release: Appendices
CAS
Number
75-07-0
60-35-5
67-64-1
75-05-8
53-96-3
107-02-8
79-06-1
79-10-7
107-13-1
309-00-2
107-18-6
107-05-1
7429-90-5
1344-28-1
117-79-3
60-09-3
92-67-1
82-28-0
7664-41-7
6484-52-2
7783-20-2
62-53-3
90-04-0
104-94-9
134-29-2
120-12-7
7440-36-0
7440-38-2
1332-21-4
7440-39-3
98-87-3
55-21-0
71-43-2
92-87-5
98-07-7
98-88-4
94-36-0
100-44-7
7440-41-7
92-52-4
111-44-4
542-88-1
108-60-1
103-23-1
353-59-3
75-25-2
74-83-9
Chemical
Acetaldehyde
Acetamide
Acetone
Acetonitrile
2-Acetylaminofluorene
Acrolein
Acrylamide
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
Aldrin
Allyl alcohol
Allyl chloride
Aluminum (fume or dust)
Aluminum oxide (fibrous forms)
2-Aminoanthraquinone
4-Aminoazobenzene
4-Aminobiphenyl
l-Amino-2-methylanthraquinone
Ammonia
Ammonium nitrate (solution)
Ammonium sulfate (solution)
Aniline
o-Anisidine
p-Anisidine
o-Anisidine hydrochloride
Anthracene
Antimony
Arsenic
Asbestos (friable)
Barium
Benzal chloride
Benzamide
Benzene
Benzidine
Benzoic trichloride
Benzoyl chloride
Benzoyl peroxide
Benzyl chloride
Beryllium
Biphenyl
Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether
Bis(chloromethyl) ether
Bis(2-chloro-l-methylethyl)
ether
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate
Bromochlorodifluoromethane
(Halon 1211)
Bromoform
Bromomethane
EPCRA CAA
302 112
X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
r
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
XX
X
X X
X X
X
X X
RCRA RCRA
CERCLA FIFRA NPDWR PPL P U
x - ' ' x
X
X X
X . X
X ' . X,
X X XX
XX X
X X
X X X
X X , X
X X
X
' ,
x
X
x . . x
X
*"
x x
X XX.
x x'
X X . X
X X
X XX X
X X X
x x
X
X X
X XX
X X .
X X X
X X
X XX
.x
X
X X - X
X X X X
338
-------
TRI Regulatory Matrix
CAS
Number
75-63-8
106-99-0
141-32-2
71-36-3
78-92-2
75-65-0
85-68-7
106-88-7
123-72-8
4680-78-8
569-64-2
989-38-8
1937-37-7
2602-46-2
16071-86-6
2832-40-8
3761-53-3
81-88-9
3118-97-6
97-56-3
842-07-9
492-80-8
128-66-5
7440-43-9
156-62-7
133-06-2
63-25-2
75-15-0
56-23-5
463-58-1
120-80-9
133-90-4
57-74-9
7782-50-5
10049-04-4
79-11-8
532-27-4
108-90-7
510-15-6
75-00-3
67-66-3
74-87-3
107-30-2
126-99-8
1897-45-6
7440-47-3
7440-48-4
7440-50-8
8001-58-9
Chemical
Bromotrifhioromethane
(Halon 1301)
1,3-Butadiene
Butyl acrylate
n-Butyl alcohol
sec-Butyl alcohol
tert-Butyl alcohol
Butyl benzyl phthalate
1,2-Butylene oxide
Butyraldehyde
C.I. Acid Green 3
C.I. Basic Green 4
C.I. Basic Red 1
C.I. Direct Black 38
C.I. Direct Blue 6
C.I. Direct Brown 95
C.I. Disperse Yellow 3
C.I. Food Red 5
C.I. Food Red 15
C.I. Solvent Orange 7
C.I. Solvent Yellow 3
C.I. Solvent Yellow 14
C.I. Solvent Yellow 34
C.I. Vat Yellow 4
Cadmium
Calcium cyanamide
Captan
Carbaryl
Carbon disulfide
Carbon tetrachloride
Carbonyl sulfide
Catechol
Chloramben
Chlordane
Chlorine
Chlorine dioxide
Chloroacetic acid
2-Chloroacetophenone
Chlorobenzene
Chlorobenzilate
Chloroethane
Chloroform
Chloromethane
Chloromethyl methyl ether
Chloroprene
Chlorothalonil
Chromium
Cobalt
Copper
Creosote
EPCRA .CAA
302 112
X
, X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X X
X
CERCLA FIFRA NPDWR
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X X
X
X
X
X XX
X X
X
X
X
X X
' X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X X
PPL
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
RCRA RCRA
P U
X
*
-
1
X
X
X
X
'
X
X
X
x
X
X
339
-------
TRI Data Release: Appendices [
CAS
Number
120-71-8
1319-77-3
108-39-4
95-48-7
106-44-5
98-82-8
80-15-9
135-20-6
110-82-7
94-75-7
1163-19-5
2303-16-4
615-05-4
39156-41-7
101-80-4
25376-45-8
95-80-7
334-88-3
132-64-9
96-12-8
106-93-4
124-73-2
84-74-2
25321-22-6
95-50-1
541-73-1
106-46-7
91-94-1
75-27-4
75-71-8
107-06-2
540-59-0
75-09-2
120-83-2
78-87-5
78-88-6
542-75-6
76-14-2
62-73-7
115-32-2
1464-53-5
111-42-2
117-81-7
84-66-2
64-67-5
119-90-4
60-11-7
Chemical
p-Cresidine
Cresol (mixed isomers)
m-Cresol
o-Cresol
p-Cresol
Cumene
Cumene hydroperoxide
Cupferron
Cyclohexane
2,4-D (acetic acid)
Decabromodiphenyl oxide
Diallate
2,4-Diaminoanisole
2,4-Diaminoanisole sulfate
4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl ether
Diaminotoluene (mixed isomers)
2,4-Diaminotoluene
Diazomethane
Dibenzofuran
1 ,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane
1 ,2-Dibromoethane
Dibromotetrafluoroethane
(Halon2402)
Dibutyl phthalate
Dichlorobenzene (mixed isomers)
1 ,2-Dichlorobenzene
1,3-Dichlorobenzene
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
3 ,3'-Dichlorobenzidine
Dichlorobromomethane
Dichlorodifluoromethane
(CFC-12)
1 ,2-Dichloroethane
1 ,2-Dichloroethylene
Dichloromethane
2,4-Dichlorophenol
1 ,2-Dichloropropane
2,3-Dichloropropene
1 ,3-Dichloropropylene
Dichlorotetrafluoroethane
(CFC-114) .
Dichlorvos
Dicofol
Diepoxybutane
Diethanolamine
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
Diethyl phthalate
Diethyl sulfate
3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine
4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene
EPCRA CAA
302 112
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
CERCLA FIFRA NPDWR
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X X X
X
- X .
X
X
X
X X
X X X
X
X
X
X X X
X '.
XXX
X
X
X X
X X X
X X X
X
X X
X
X X
X
X X
X X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
RCRA RCRA
PPL P U
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
1
X X
X X
X X
X X
X X
X
X
X X
X X
X X
X X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X
340
-------
TRI Regulatory Matrix
CAS
Number
119-93-7
79-44-7
57-14-7
105-67-9
131-11-3
99-65-0
528-29-0
100-25-4
534-52-1
51-28-5
121-14-2
606-20-2
25321-14-6
117-84-0
123-91-1
122-66-7
106-89-8
110-80-5
140-88-5
100-41-4
541-41-3
74-85-1
107-21-1
151-56-4
75-21-8
96-45-7
2164-17-2
50-00-0
76-13-1
76-44-8
118-74-1
87-68-3
77-47-4
67-72-1
1335-87-1
680-31-9
302-01-2
10034-93-2
7647-01-0
74-90-8
7664-39-3
123-31-9
78-84-2
67-63-0
80-05-7
120-58-1
7439-92-1
58-89-9
108-31-6
12427-38-2
Chemical
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine
Dimethylcarbamyl chloride
1,1 -Dimethyl hydrazine
2,4-Dimethylphenol
Dimethyl phthalate
m-Dinitrobenzene
o-Dinitrobenzene
p-Dinitrobenzene
4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol
2,4-Dinitrophenol
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
2,6-Dinitrotoluene
Dinitrotoluene (mixed isomers)
n-Dioctyl phthalate
1,4-Dioxane
1 ,2-Diphenylhydrazine
Epichlorohydrin
2-Ethoxyethanol
Ethyl acrylate
Ethylbenzene
Ethyl chloroformate
Ethylene
Ethylene glycol
Ethyleneimine
Ethylene oxide
Ethylene thiourea
Fluometuron
Formaldehyde
Freon 113
Heptachlor
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachloro- 1 ,3-butadiene
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
Hexachloroethane
Hexachloronaphthalene
Hexamethylphosphoramide
Hydrazine
Hydrazine sulfate
Hydrochloric acid
Hydrogen cyanide
Hydrogen fluoride
Hydroquinone
Isobutyraldehyde
Isopropyl alcohol (manufacturing)
4,4'-Isopropylidenediphenol
Isosafrole
Lead
Lindane
Maleic anhydride
Maneb
EPCRA CAA
302 112
X
X
X X
%,
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X X
X X
X X
X
CERCLA FIFRA NPDWR
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X X
X
X X
X
X X
' X
X
X X
XXX
X X
X
X X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
XXX
X
X
RCRA RCRA
PPL P U
X
X
X
X X
X X
X X
X X
X X
X X
X X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X X
X X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
341
-------
J TRI Data Release; Appendices |
CAS
Number
7439-96-5
7439-97-6
67-56-1
72-43-5
109-86-4
96-33-3
1634-04-4
101-14-4
101-61-1
101-68-8
74-95-3
101-77-9
78-93-3
60-34-4
74-88-4
108-10-1
624-83-9
80-62-6
90-94-8
1313-27-5
76-15-3
505-60-2
91-20-3
134-32-7
91-59-8
7440-02-0
7697-37-2
139-13-9
99-59-2
98-95-3
92-93-3
1836-75-5
51-75-2
55-63-0
88-75-5
100-02-7
79-46-9
156-10-5
121-69-7
924-16-3
55-18-5
62-75-9
86-30-6
621-64-7
4549-40-0
59-89-2
759-73-9
684-93-5
Chemical
Manganese
Mercury
Methanol
Methoxychlor
2-Methoxyethanol
Methyl acrylate
Methyl tert-butyl ether
4,4'-Methylenebis
(2-chloroaniline)
4,4'-Methylenebis(N,N-dimethyl)
Methylenebis(phenylisocyanate)
Methylene bromide
4,4'-Methylenedianiline
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl hydrazine
Methyl iodide
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Methyl isocyanate
Methyl methacrylate
Michler's ketone
Molybdenum trioxide
Monochloropentafluoroethane
(CFC-115)
Mustard gas
Naphthalene
alpha-Naphthylamine
beta-Naphthylamine
Nickel
Nitric acid
Nitrilotriacetic acid
5-Nitro-o-anisidine
Nitrobenzene
4-Nitrobiphenyl
Nitrofen
Nitrogen mustard
Nitroglycerin
2-Nitrophenol
4-Nitrophenol
2-Nitropropane
p-Nitrosodiphenylamine
N,N-Dimethylaniline
N-Nitrosodi-n-bu ty lamine
N-Nitrosodiethylamine
N-Nitrosodimethylamine
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
N-Nitrosodi-n-propylamine
N-Nitrosomethylvinylamine
N-Nitrosomorpholine
N-Nitroso-N-ethylurea
N-Nitroso-N-methylurea
EPCRA CAA
302 112
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
CERCLA FIFRA NPDWR
X
X X
XXX
x
X
X
1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
XX
X
x .
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
RCRA RCRA
PFL P U
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X . . X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
x x .
X
X X
X
X
X
342
-------
TRI Regulatory Matrix
CAS
Number
16543-55-8
100-75-4
2234-13-1
20816-12-0
56-38-2
87-86-5
79-21-0
108-95-2
106-50-3
90-43-7
75-44-5
7664-38-2
7723-14-0
85-44-9
88-89-1
1336-36-3
1120-71-4
57-57-8
123-38-6
114-26-1
115-07-1
75-55-8
75-56-9
110-86-1
91-22-5
106-51-4
82-68-8
81-07-2
94-59-7
7782-49-2
7440-22-4
7757-82-6
100-42-5
96-09-3
7664-93-9
79-34-5
127-18-4
961-11-5
7440-28-0
62-55-5
139-65-1
62-56-6
1314-20-1
7550-45-0
108-88-3
584-84-9
7440-28-0
62-55-5
139-65-1
62-56-6
Chemical
N-Nitrosonornicotine
N-Nitrosopiperidine
Octochloronaphthalene
Osmium tetroxide
Parathion
Pentachlorophenol
Peracetic acid
Phenol
p-Phenylenediamine
2-Phenylphenol
Phosgene
Phosphoric acid
Phosphorus (yellow or white)
Phthalic anhydride
Picric acid
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
Propane sultone
beta-Propiolactone
Propionaldehyde
Propoxur
Propylene
Propyleneimine
Propylene oxide
Pyridine
Quinoline
Quinone
Quintozene
Saccharin (manufacturing)
Safrole
Selenium
Silver
Sodium sulfate (solution)
Styrene
Styrene oxide
Sulfuric acid
1 , 1 ,2 ,2-Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachlorvinphos '
Thallium
Thioacetamide
4,4'-Thiodianiline
Thiourea
Thorium dioxide
Titanium tetrachloride
Toluene
Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate
Thallium
Thioacetamide
4,4'-Thiodianiline
Thiourea
EPCRA CAA
302 112
X X
X
X
X X
X
X X
X X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X X
X X
,x
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X X
CERCLA FIFRA NPDWR
X
X
X X
XXX
X
X X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X X
X
X
x
X X
X
X X
X
x
X
X X
X
X
X
X X
X
X X
X
X X
X
XXX
X
X X
X
X
X
X X
X
X X
X
X
RCRA RCRA
PPL P U
X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
343
-------
_J TRI Data Release: Appendices
CAS
Number
1314-20-1
7550-45-0
108-88-3
584-84-9
91-08-7
26471-62-5
95-53-4
636-21-5
8001-35-2
68-76-8
52-68-6
120-82-1
71-55-6
79-00-5
79-01-6
75-69-4
95-95-4
88-06-2
1582-09-8
95-63-6
126-72-7
51-79-6
7440-62-2
108-05-4
593-60-2
75-01-4
75-35-4
1330-20-7
108-38-3
95-47-6
106-42-3
87-62-7
7440-66-6
12122-67-7
Chemical
Thorium dioxide
Titanium tetrachloride
Toluene
Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate
Toluene-2,6-diisocyanate
Toluenediisocyanate
(mixed isomers)
o-Toluidine
o-Toluidine hydrochloride
Toxaphene
Triaziquone
Trichlorfon
1 ,2,4-TrichIorobenzene
1 ,1,1 -Trichloroethane
1 , 1 ,2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11)
2,4,5 -Trichlorophenol
2,4,6-TrichIorophenol
Trifluralin
1 ,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)
phosphate
Urethane
Vanadium (fume or dust)
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Xylene (mixed isomers)
m-Xylene
o-Xylene
p-Xylene
2,6-Xylidine
Zinc (fume or dust)
Zineb
Antimony compounds
Arsenic compounds
Barium compounds
Beryllium compounds
Cadmium compounds
Chlorophenols
Chromium compounds
Cobalt compounds
Copper compounds
Cyanide compounds
Glycol ethers
Lead compounds
Manganese compounds
Mercury compounds
EPCRA CAA
302 112
X X
X
X X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
I X
X
X
X
X
X
i X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
CERCLA FIFRA NPDWR
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
XXX
X X
X X
X X X
X X
X X
X X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X X
X X
XXX
X
X
X
X X
X
X X
X
X
X X
X
X X
X
XXX
X
X
X X
X
X X
RCRA RCRA
PPL P U
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X X
X X
X X
X
X
X X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
344
-------
TRI Regulatory Matrix
CAS
Number
Chemical
Nickel compounds
Poly brominated biphenyls
Selenium compounds
Silver compounds
Thallium compounds
Zinc compounds
EPCRA CAA
302 112
X
X
CERCLA FIFRA NPDWR
X
X X
X X
X
X X
RCRA RCRA
PPL P U
345
-------
TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY
FORM R FOR 1991
The Form R for 1991 modifies previous years' forms in both content and format. While -
several sections of the form were rearranged, the biggest change was the addition of a number of
information elements mandated by the Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 in section 8 (see chapter 2
for a detailed, discussion of the information collected under this Act). In past years, section 8 was
optional; in the 1991 form, the section is mandatory.
The 1991 Form (a copy of which follows) is divided into two parts:
Part I (Facility Identification Information) contains information on such matters as
name, address, parent company information, and contact names and phone numbers for the
facility.
Part n (Chemical-Specific Information) contains information such as chemical identity,
facility activities and uses of the chemical, on-site release and off-site transfer amounts, on-
site waste treatment methods and efficiencies, and data on source reduction and recycling
activities.
Readers who are interested in a more in-depth understanding of who is required to report to
TRI and how to fill out the Form R are referred to the EPCRA Information Hotline at
1-800-535-0202.
346
-------
(IMPORTANT: Type or print; read instructions before completing form)
Form Approved OMB Number: 2070-0093
Approval Expires: 11/92 Page 1 of 9
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
FORM R
TOXIC CHEMICAL RELEASE
INVENTORY REPORTING FORM
Section 313 of the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986,
also known as Title III of the Superfurid Amendments and Reauthorization Act
TRI FACILITY IO NUMBER
Toxic Chemical, Category, or Generic Name
WHERE TO SEND
1. EPCRA Reporting Center
P O ROY ^*348
COMPLETED FORMS: Merrifield, VA 22116-3348
ATTN: TOXIC CHEMICAL RELEASE INVENTORY
2. APPROPRIATE STATE OFFICE
(See instructions in Appendix F)
IMPORTANT: See instructions to determine when "Not
Applicable (NA)" boxes should be checked.
Enter "X" here if
this is a revision
PART I. FACILITY IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION
SECTION 1.
REPORTING
YEAR
19
SECTION 2. TRADE SECRET INFORMATION
2,1
2,2
Are you claiming the toxic chemical identified on page 3 trade secret?
Yes (Answer question 2.2;
Attach substantiation forms)
No (Do not answer 2.2;
Go to Section 3)
If yes in 2.1, is this copy:
Sanitized
Unsanitized
SECTION 3. CERTIFICATION (Important: Read and sign after completing all form sections.)
I hereby certify that I have reviewed the attached documents and that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, the
submitted information is true and complete and that the amounts and values in this report are accurate based on
reasonable estimates using data available to the preparers of this report.
Name and official title of owner/operator or senior management official
Signature
Date Signed
SECTION 4. FACILITY IDENTIFICATION
TRI Facility ID Number|
Facility or Establishment Name
Street Address |
City
4.1
State
city
State
Zip Code
PUT LABEL HERE
EPA Form 9350-1 (Rev. 12/4/92) - Previous editions are obsolete.
-------
Page 2 of 9
United States
E»V
EPA FORM R
. FACILITY IDENTIFICATION
INFORMATION (CONTINUED)
TRI FACILITY ID NUMBER
Toxic Chemical, Category, or Generic Name
SECTION 4. FACILITY IDENTIFICATION (Continued)
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
«
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.10
This' r0pdV^ont^ir|S irtforn
(Importantrtche.cic only <
^Tepjhnjcfl'cotji
'V^*. *s% ^.^ s
Public ..Contact
. ^ .Is s 3«
^ V ""\ I -"s-
s^S?"^^:,v^
Longitude*
Eact.
1 :^
si -* Name
v ss ;
sssss
Degrees \"
lalion foK . .. ,
3ne> a. An entire f
acility
j
b. c. d.
b. Part of a facility
Telephone Number (Include area code)
Telephone Number (include area code}
e. f.
latitude t s " Longitude s
"Minutes ; Seconds Degrees
Dun & IBkadstreet Jslu mber(-s) (9 digits)
'ERA ldS|it!^ca;
^v~Hs , i--^-
Facility'sN)f»DE
^%- -t%^:i
" \s sX,.; s ^ 0 - " s , i , N
tion Number^) (RCRA I.D, No.)
|jv°7 V/ (12 characters)
"^s" 1-
i "
» Permit Number(s)
*%> ^^ > s
^ -^s -
Veil c^ode (UfC) f-D,
Minutes Seconds ^
'
a.
b.
a.
b.
a.
b.
a.
b.
SECTIONS. PARENT COMPANY INFORMATION
5,1
Name ol Parent Company
5,2
Parent Company^ Dun & Bradsfreet Numbe||
NA
(9 digits)
EPA Form 9350-1 (Rev. 12/4/92) - Previous editions are obsolete.
-------
Page 3 of 9
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA FORM R
PART II. CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC
INFORMATION
TRI FACILITY ID NUMBER
Toxic Chemical, Category, or G<
aneric Name
<5FPTION1 TOXIC CHEMICAL IDENTITY (Important: DO NOT complete this
SECTION 1 . 1 pxiu UHtMiUAL lUtiM ii i Y section if you complete Section 2 below.)
1,1
1.2
1.3
CAS Number (Important; Enter only one number exactly as it appears on the Section 313
list, Enter category code if reporting a chemical category.)
Toxic Chemical or Chemical Category Name {Important: Enter only one name exactly as it appears on the Section 313 list.)
Generic Chemical Name (Important: Complete only if Part I, Section 2,1 is checked "yes
" Generic Name must be structurally descriptive.)
SECTION 2. MIXTURE COMPONENT .DENT.TY SXSSe SSSn*,' abov,,
2.1
Generic Chemical Name Provided by Supplier (Important: Maximum of 70 characters, including numbersjetters, spaces, and punctuation.)
SECTION 3. ACTIVITIES AND USES OF THE TOXIC CHEMICAL AT THE FACILITY
(Important: Check all that apply.)
3.1
3.2
3.3
Manufacture
.the toxic
chemical:
Process;
the toxic
chemical:
Otherwise use
the toxic
chemical:
If produce or import:
a.
b.
a.
b.
Produce c.
Import d.
e.
f.
As a reactant c. [_
As a formulation component d.
a.
b.
As a chemical processing aid c.
As a manufacturing aid
For on-site use/processing
For sale/distribution
As a byproduct
As an impurity
[] As an article component ,
Repackaging
Ancillary or other use
.
SECTION 4. MAXIMUM AMOUNT OF THE TOXIC CHEMICAL ON-SITE AT ANY TIME
DURING THE CALENDAR YEAR
4.1
ililii
(Enter two-digit code from instruction package.)
EPA Form 9350-1 (Rev. 12/4/92) - Previous editions are obsolete.
-------
Page 4 of 9
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA FORM R
PART II. CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC
INFORMATION (CONTINUED)
TRI FACILITY ID NUMBER
Toxic Chemical, Category, or Generic Name
SECTION 5. RELEASES OF THE TOXIC CHEMICAL TO THE ENVIRONMENT ON-SITE
5.1
5,2
5.3
Fugitive o
emissions s
Stack or point air
emissions^ ^" ^i
Disctiarges to receiving
streams or water bodies
(enter one Viame per box]
L Total Release (pounds/
year) (enter range code from
instructions or estimate)
B. Basis of
Estimate
(enter code)
C. % From
Stormwater
5.3.1 Stream oiryVater.Body Name
5.3.2 Stream or.Water Body Name
5.3.3 Stream or Water Body Name
Underground injections
on-site^ ;.
Releases to land on-site
Landfill :
Land.treatrnent/
application farming
Surface impoundment
Othefdisposal
Check here only rf additional Section 5.3 information is provided.on page 5 of this form.
EPA Form 9350-1 (Rev. 12/4/92) - Previous editions are obsolete.
Range Codes: A = 1 -10 pounds; B = 11 - 499 pounds;
C = 500 - 999 pounds.
-------
Page 5 of 9
** CD A EPA FORM R
United States PARJ SI. CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC
Environmental Protect-on INFORMATION (CONTINUED)
TRl FACILITY ID NUMBER
Toxic Chemical, Category, or Generic Name
SECTION 5.3 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON RELEASES OF THE TOXIC CHEMICAL TO THE
ENVIRONMENT ON-SITE
Discharges to recehri ng
5,3 streams n&r water bodies
(enter one^narne per box)
5-3-Ci* Stream or Water Body Name
5.3. Stream or Water Body Name
111 *, NSS«A .- **
5*3»_^ Stream or Water Body Name
A. Total Release (pounds/
year) (enter range code from
instructions or estimate)
-
B. Basis of
Estimate
(enter code)
C.%From
Stormwater
SECTION 6. TRANSFERS OF THE TOXIC CHEMICAL IN WASTES TO OFF-SITE LOCATIONS
6.1 DISCHARGES TO PUBLICLY OWNED TREATMENT WORKS (POTW)
6.1 .A Total Quantity Transferred to POTWs and Basis of Estimate
6,1 .A-1 tot
v., (er
at Transfers (pounds/year)
iter rang© code or estimate)
6.1. B POTW Name and Location Information
6.m__
City |
State ' | .
POWNaro* j
SSSI
sssi
County
1
Zip Cock,
6,1 A2 Basis 'of Estimate , ,,,- \_
(enter code)
,
POTW Name j
o.l.B.
Oily - | County ]
state j zipcocte
if additional p^ges of Part II, Sections 5,3 and/or 6.1 are attached, indicate tnetoiai number of
pages in this boic PH and indicate whlchpart II, Sections 5.3/6.1 page this is, here,]
, (example: 1,2,3, eta), /
EPA Form 9350-1 (Rev. 12/4/92) - Previous editions are obsolete.
Range Codes: A = 1 -10 pounds; B = 11 - 499 pounds;
C = 500 - 999 pounds.
-------
Page 6 of 9
Environ
Agency
'p/\ EPA FORIVl R
mental Protection PART II. CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC
mental Protection |NFORMAT|QN (CONTINUED)
TRI FACILITY ID NUMBER
Toxic Chemical, Category, or Generic Name
SECTION 6.2 TRANSFERS TO OTHER OFF-SITE LOCATIONS
6.2, __
Off-site EPA Ictentific
^|^;M|m||||iR©lii|!i|il|j
Olf-Site Location Name ] """
Street Address ,.|
Gily ;|
Stale [
ZfpCode 1
A. Total Transfers (pounds/year) ,, ,"<
(enter range code or estimate) \ ,
1.
2.
3.
4.
Is location under control of r<
facility or parent company?
B, Basis of Estimate ;
(enter code) [
1.
2.
3.
4.
Yes
No
C. Type of Waste Treatment/Disposal/1
Recycling/Energy Recovery (enter code)
1. M
2. M
3. M
4. M
SECTION 6.2 TRANSFERS TO OTHER OFF-SITE LOCATIONS
Off-site EPA Identification Number (RCRA ID- No,) 1
G.2., ,, '
Off-Site LocattolNanrli;:
Street Addres*s% ,
City: |
State | 2tp; Code ,
A. Tola! Transfers (pounds^eaf};XJ s" %:
(enter range cod& 6rx6stimate} N \
1.
2.
3.
4.
,
Is location under control of r<
facility or parent company?
B. 8asts of Estimate
{enter code}
1.
2.
3.
4.
Yes No
C. Type of Waste TreatmenVOisposat/
Recycling/Energy Recovery (enter code}
1. M
2. M
3. M
4. M
If additional pages of Part II, Section 6.2 are attached, indicate the total number of pages in this
' ' and Indicate which Part II, Section 6,2 page this fs, here.
box
(example: 1,2,$, etc.)
EPA Form 9350-1 (Rev. 12/4/92) - Previous editions are obsolete.
Range Codes: A = 1 -10 pounds; B = 11 - 499 pounds;
C = 500 - 999 pounds.
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Page 7 of 9
EPA FORM R
II
II.
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency INFORMATION (CONTINUED)
TW FACILITY ID NUMBER
Toxic Chemical, Category, or G<
sneric Name
If additional copies of page 7 are attached, indicate the total number of pages in this
and indicate which page 7 this is, here. | [
box
EPA Form 9350-1 (Rev. 12/4/92) - Previous editions are obsolete.
-------
EPA FORM R
Environmental Protection PART II. CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC
Agency
INFORMATION (CONTINUED)
Page 8 of 9
TRI FACILITY ID NUMBER
Toxic Chemical. Category, or Generic Name
SECTION 7B. ON-SITE ENERGY RECOVERY PROCESSES
Not Applicable (NA) - Check here if no on-site energy recovery is applied to any waste
stream containing the toxic chemical or chemical category.
Energy Recovery Methods [enter 3-character code(s)]
SECTION 7C. ON-SITE
Q Not Applicable (N
Recycling Methods [enter 3-characte
1
6
E RECYCLING PROCESSES
A) - Check here if no on-site recycling is
stream containing the toxic chemica
rcode(s)]
2 3 4
7 8 9
'
applied to any waste
or chemical category.
5
10
EPA Form 9350-1 (Rev. 12/4/92) - Previous editions are obsolete.
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Page 9 of 9
^ FP A EPA FORM R
S5S2SS protection PART II. CHEMICAL-SPECIF
Environmental Protects INFORMATION (CONTINUEE
TRI FACILITY ID NUMBER
| ^^ Chemical, Category, or Generic Name
3)
SECTION 8. SOURCE REDUCTION AND RECYCLING ACTIVITIES
All quantity estimates can tie reported
using up to two significant figures.
8.1 :
8.2
*r
8.4
8.5-:
w-
'W
i^
8.9
Quantity released*
Quantity useoHor energy x
recovery on-site?
'Quantity used f 6r>ner0y
recovery^off-slte * :x
Quantity recycled on-site
''' s % ^^o. O V ^
Quantity VeBycled ol|-«ite
^uantit^ ti$ite.^on-site - ?"1
.-.-,, ""^i ^ ''^SftSsi. ss "
^ ^ s % \^v * J sv-s:N:
Quantity treated ,of||ite^--
Column A
1991
(pounds/year)
Column B
1992
(pounds/year)
Column C
1993
(pounds/year)
Column D
1994
(pounds/year)
Quarftity jMias^^to thf djhivtro j$^t a/^|i|;If ;; ^ : s ^v * :
remedial actions, .cafastrophlc evfljts^or bne4tme e^eltts^^
,nbf associated wTtft production |>rocesfes Ipounda/year) ; ^^
^oduftorWatlo or activi|y Index ^" ' " ^ ^;vc^ /;
s *
\ *
8,10,1"
s. ^. \-- ^ ,.
*.io.a
8.10.3
-«»0^
8;11
>, '7 ^
: Did^your Sciil tjr engaselftanWowce redaction &&ff&& tN?r tliis:^micaii:dCiriri^t \:
^ the reRbrWngt^i"? ^not, ente^'^ANh § eotib^lD.l^hd an^eir Se^tfon^iit. >:- H
j^^^J^^^^^^
-TS- ."-"«^i,;
a.
a.
a.
a.
^^f^ctivi^n^ ;, :r,.
b. c.
b. c.
b. c.
b. c.
^bilutibh contrb| aciivtties ^Incfpd^d >itr>inist%>tt|\XP[ilrf one bo^) x I
YES NO
* Report releases pursuant to EPCRA Section 329(8) including "any spilling, leaking, pumping, pouring, emitting, emptying, discharging,
injecting, escaping, leaching, dumping, or disposing Into the environment." Do not include any quantity treated on-site or'off-srte.
EPA form 9350 -1 (Rev. 12/4/92) - Previous editions are obsolete.
-------
EPA REGIONAL OFFICE AND STATE
EPCRA SECTION 313 CONTACTS
EPA REGIONAL EPCRA SECTION 313 COORDINATORS
Dwight Peavey (ATR)
Pesticides and Toxics Branch
USEPA Region 1
JFK Federal Building
Boston, MA 02203
(617) 565-3230
Fax (617) 565-4939
Nora Lopez. (MS-105)
Pesticides and Toxics Branch
USEPA Region 2
2890 Woodbridge Avenue, Building 10
Edison, NJ 08837-3679
(908) 906-6890
Fax (908) 321-6788
MikalShabazz(3AT31)
Toxics and Pesticides Branch
USEPA Region 3
841 Chestnut Building
Philadelphia, PA 19107
(215) 597-3659
Fax (215) 597-3156
Carlton D. Hailey (Tide HI)
Pesticides and Toxics Branch
USEPA Region 4
345 Courtland Street, NE
Atlanta, GA 30365
(404) 347-1033
Fax (404) 347-1681
Karen Turner (SP-14J)
Pesticides and Toxics Branch
USEPA Region 5
77 West Jackson Boulevard
Chicago, IL 60604
(312) 353-5907
Fax (312) 353-4342
Warren Layne (6TPT)
Pesticides and Toxics Branch
USEPA Region 6
1445 Ross Avenue, Suite 700
Dallas, TX 75202-2733
(214) 655-7574
Fax (214) 655-2164
Jim Hirtz (TOPE)
Toxics and Pesticides Branch
USEPA Region 7
726 Minnesota Avenue
Kansas City, KS 66101
(913) 551-7472
Fax (913) 551-7065
Kathie Atencio (8ART-TS)
Toxic Substances Branch
USEPA Region 8
999 18th Street, Suite 500
Denver, CO 80202-2405
(303) 293-1735
Fax (303) 293-1229
356
-------
EPCRA Section 313 Contacts |
Pam Tsai (A-4-3)
Pesticides and Toxics Branch
USEPA Region 9
75 Hawthorne Street
San Francisco, CA 94105
(415)744-1116
Fax (415) 744-1073
Phil Wong (AT083)
Pesticides and Toxics Branch
USEPA Region 10
1200 Sixth Avenue
Seattle, WA 98101
(206) 553-4016
Fax (206) 553-8338
STATES IN EACH REGION
Region 1
Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New
Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont
Region 2
New Jersey, New York, Puerto Rico, Virgin
Islands
Region 3
Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland,
Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia
Region 4
Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky,
Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina,
Tennessee
Region 5
Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio,
Wisconsin
Region 6
Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico,
Oklahoma, Texas
Region 7
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska
Region 8
Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, South
Dakota, Utah, Wyoming
Region 9
Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada,
American Samoa, Guam, Northern Marianas
Region 10
Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, Washington
357
-------
I TRI Data Release: Appendices
STATE SECTION 313 CONTACTS
Ed Pooles
Alabama Emergency Response
Commission
Alabama Department of Environmental
Management
1751 Congressman W.L. Dickinson Drive
Montgomery, AL 36109
(205) 260-2717
Fax (205) 272-8131
Camille Stephens
Alaska State Emergency Response
Commission ,
Government Preparedness and Response
Program
410 Willoughby, Suite 105
Juneau,AK 99801-1795
(907)465-5242
Fax (907) 465-5244
Pad Faiai
American Samoa Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of the Governor
American Samoa Government
Pago Pago, AS 96799
International Number (684) 633-2304
Ethel DeMarr
Arizona Emergency Response Commission
5636 East McDowell Road
Phoenix, AZ 85008
(602)231-6326
Fax (602) 231-6313
John Ward
Arkansas Department of Pollution Control
and Ecology
8001 National Drive
Little Rock, AR 72209
(501) 562-7444
Fax (501) 570-2129
Steve Hanna
California Environmental Protection
Agency
555 Capitol Mall
Suite 235
Sacramento, CA 95814
(916)324-9924
Fax (916) 322-6005
Winnifred Bromley
Hazardous Materials and Waste
Management Division
Colorado Department of Health
4300 Cherry Creek Drive South
Denver, CO 80222-1530
(303) 692-3434
Fax (303) 759-5355
Suzanne Vaugn
Right-to-Know Program Coordinator
State Emergency Response Commission
DEP c/o Waste Management
165 Capitol Avenue
Hartford, CT 06106
(203) 566-4856
Fax (203) 566-4924
Robert Pritchett
EPCRA Reporting Program
Air Quality Management Section
Department of Natural Resources and
Environmental Control
89 Kings Highway
P.O. Box 1401
Dover, DE 19903
(302) 739-4791
Fax (302) 739-3106
358
-------
EPCRA Section 313 Contacts
Pamela Thuber
Emergency Response Commission
for Title III
Office of Emergency Preparedness
Frank Reeves Center for Municipal Affairs
2000 14th Street, Northwest, 8th Floor
Washington, DC 20009
(202)727-6161
Fax (202) 673-7054
Eve Rainey
Florida Emergency Response Commission
Secretary, Florida Department
of Community Affairs
2740 Centerview Drive
Tallahassee, FL 32399-2100
(904) 488-1472
(800) 635-7179 (in Florida)
Fax (904) 488-6250
Bert Langley
Georgia Emergency Response Commission
205 Butler Street, Southeast
Floyd Tower East, Suite 1166
Atlanta, GA 30334
(404) 656-6905
Fax (404) 651-9425
Fred M. Castro
Guam Environmental Protection Agency
D-107.Harmon Plaza
130 Rojas Street
Harmon, Guam 96911
International Number (671) 646-8863 (or
8864)
Carlos Keen
Hawaii State Emergency Response
Commission
Hawaii Department of Health
5 Waterfront Plaza, Suite 250C
500 Alamona Boulevard
Honolulu, HI 96813
(808) 586-4249
Fax (808) 586-4370
Margaret Bollard
Idaho Emergency Response Commission
1109 Main
State House
Boise, ID 83720-7000
(208) 334-3263
Fax (208) 334-3267
Joe Goodner
Office of Chemical Safety
Illinois Environmental Protection Agency
P.O. Box 19276
2200 ChurchilF
Springfield, IL 62794-9276
(217) 785-0830
Fax (217) 782-1431
John Rose
Indiana Emergency Response Commission
100 North Senate Avenue
P. O. Box 6015
Indianapolis, IN 46241
(317) 233-6371
Fax (317) 233-6358
Pete Hamlin
Department of Natural Resources
Wallace Office Building
900 East Grand Avenue
DesMoines, IA 50319-0034
(515)281-8852
Fax (515) 281-8895
Jon Flint
Kansas Emergency Response Commission
Mills Building, Suite 501
109 Southwest 9th Street
Topeka,KS 66612
(913) 296-1690
Fax (913) 296-0984
359
-------
JTRI Data Release: Appendices
=*....i
Valerie Hudson
Kentucky Department for Environmental
Protection
14 Reilly Road
Frankfort, KY 40601-1132
(502) 564-2150
Fax (502) 564-4245
Jeany Anderson-Labar
Office of Secretary
P.O. Box 82263
Baton Rouge, LA 70884-2263
(504) 765-0737
Fax (504) 765-0742
Rayna Leibowitz
State Emergency Response Commission
Station Number 72
Augusta, ME 04333
(207) 289-4080
Fax (207) 289-4079
Patricia Williams
Tracking/Toxics Inventory Division
Maryland Department of the Environment
Toxics Inventory Program
2500 Broening Highway
Baltimore, MD 21224
(410) 631-3800
Fax (410) 631-3321
Suzi Peck
Massachusetts Department of
Environental Protection
Bureau of Waste Prevention
Toxics Use Reduction Program
1 Winter Street s
Boston, MA 02108
(617) 292-5870
Fax (617) 556-1090
Kent Kanagy
Emergency Planning and Community
Right-to-Know Commission
Michigan Department of Natural Resources
Environmental Response Division
P.O. Box 30028
Lansing, MI 48909
(517) 373-848.1
Fax (517)335-3624
Steve Tomlyanovich
Minnesota Emergency Response
Commission
175 Bigelow Building
450 North Syndicate Street
St. Paul, MN 55104
(612) 643-3542
Fax (612) 643-3005
John David Burns
Mississippi Emergency Response
Commission
Mississippi Emergency Management
Agency '
P.O. Box 4501
Jackson, MS 39296-4501
(601) 960-9000
Fax (601)352-8314
Dean Martin
Missouri Emergency Response Commission
Missouri Department of Natural Resources
P.O. Box 3133
Jefferson City, MO 65102
(314) 526-3901
Fax (314) 526-3350
360
-------
EPCRA Section 313 Contacts
Tom Ellerhoff
Montana Department of Health and
Environmental Sciences
ESD/DHES
Cogswell Building A-107
P. O. Box 200901
Capitol Station
Helena, MT 59620-0901
(406) 444-3948
Fax (406) 444-1374
John Steinauer
State of Nebraska Department of
Environmental Quality
1200 N. Street
Suite 400
Lincoln, NE 68509-8922
.(402)471-4230
Fax (402) 471-2909
Jolaine Johnson
Nevada Division of Environmental Protection
333 West Nye Lane
Capitol Complex
Carson City, NV 89710
(702) 687-5872 Extension 3042
Fax (702) 885-0868
Leland Kimball
New Hampshire Office of Emergency
Management
Title III Program
State Office Park South
107 Pleasant Street
Concord, NH 03301
(603)271-2231
Fax (603) 225-7341
Andrew Opperman
Bureau of Hazardous Substances
Information
Division of Environmental Safety, Health
and Analytical Programs
New Jersey Department of Environmental
Protection and Energy
401 E. State Street, CN-405
Trenton, NJ 08625
(609)633-1154
Fax (609) 633-7031
Max Johnson
New Mexico Emergency Response
Commission
Chemical Safety Office
Emergency Management Bureau
P.O. Box 1628 '
Santa Fe, NM 87504-1628
(505)827-9223
Fax (505) 827-3456
William Miner
New York Emergency Response
Commission
c/o State Department of Environmental
Conservation
Bureau of Spill Prevention and Response
50 Wolf Road/Room 340
Albany, NY 12233-3510
(518)457-4107
Fax (518) 457-4332
Emily Kilpatrick
North Carolina Emergency Response
Commission
North Carolina Division of Emergency
Management
116 West Jones Street
Raleigh, NC 27603-1335
(919)733-3865
Fax (919) 733-6327
361
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~ ' --
_^ TR1 Data Release: Appendices
Russ Dunst
Department of Natural Resources
101 South Webster
P.O. Box 7921
Madison, WI 53707
(608) 266-9255
Fax (608) 267-3579
Gary Ayers
Wyoming Emergency Response
Commission
Wyoming Emergency Management Agency
P.O. Box 1709
Cheyenne, WY 82003-1709
(307) 777-4900
Fax (307) 635-6017
364
* U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE:1993-715-003/87017
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