^^•iy^V?;, "* "1 ->;
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-------
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THE TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY
TRI Reports and Data Products
Product
19% TRI Public Data Release
{annual report)
1 996 State Fact Sheets
19S7-1995TRI CD-ROM
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Some copies of the 7996 Toxics Release Inventory: Public Data Release contain incomplete data in
Table 2-8 on page 31, The complete data appear in Table 2-8, on the other side of this errata sheet.
-------
Inventory: Public
Table 2-8. TRI Off-site Transfers for Further Waste Management by State, 1996
State
Alabama .
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Guam
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri .
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin '
Wyoming
Total
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
33,675,464
235,463
0
79,468,186
44,916,893
61,488,314 •
18,194,235
24,122,459
10,054,130
12,151
17,546,126
43,272,325
0
53,075
600,108
92,791,384
227,040,410
26,694,400
56,635,370
50,702,619
52,355,796
4,949,244
3,870,056
28,308,038
100,909,367
21,696,873
21,598,058
58,339,188
579,043
26,709,177
1,635,380
12,146,978
33,315,528
1,055,552
64,139,124
79,313,339
802,146
186,144,474
19,065,778
20,516,944
138,842,336
13,509,670
7,619,534
96,310,411
435,739
46,687,393
193,240,622
5,028,082
2,454,769
96,920
22,724,864
12,695,274
30,508,467
55,169,040
317,678
2,150,593,994
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
10,487,499
6,325
0
784,295
6,677,636
8,602,952
4,033,682
2,226,821
1,169,726
0
2,201,015
9,828,150
0
0
154,988
29,994,071
11,888,870
3,079,716
2,745,539
9,357,605
15,998,779
379,964
1,340,824
6,713,380
69,413,222
2,196,764
2,654,505
23,850,564
26,048
446,647
9,679
224,756
30,358,462
157,296
7,747,898
14,071,452
19,711
40,468,374
967,015
1,313,460
17,612,095
10,621,929
838,404
6,142,486
193,405
6,290,202
74,366,119
80,661
18,950
4,834
6,931,822
871,255
8,961,334
22,521,811
3,573
477,056,570
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
7,163,468
137
0
9.259.081
6.119,839
5,054,720
1,230,695
6,085,697
1,299,302
. 5
7,115,310
6,065,284
0
4,557
89,400
13,946,004
7,427,771
3,072,917
4,395,674
8,070,093
9,371,461
308,126
3,465,720
4,766,282
23,506,076
1,014,387
2,122,333
9,826,440
42,733
216,005
18,434
754,064
8,331,546
194,084
6,825,645
8,705,633
15,583
20,701,110
1,149,182
6,024,151
16,632,816
5,210,764
369,333
6,654.915
78,484
10,324,918
33,729,621
4,351,475
252,374 .
377,449
1,762,214
896,850
3,422,220
12,270,738
3,708
290,096,828
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
516,571
0
0
1,951,033
122,428
13,086,610
795,799
1,304,464
4,515,982
180
5,617,773
2,873,071
15,000
0
274,987
10,650,115
3,313,075
7,613,435
1,081,427
1,515,709
52,168
181,137
3,837,977
5,334,593
14,143,038
8,095,891
628,934
6,394,678
4,168
618,762
21,514
201,695
18,766,215
270,890
6,792,564
3,077,616
198,048
16,401,171
456,827
10,719,550
8,461,731
2,179,129
386,775
4,282,130
1,294,101
5,665,208
36,475,413
422,249
3,025
0
16,876,073
1,693,122
2,414,351
4,214,840
266
235,813,508
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
750 .
0
0
0
250
16,705
5
250
0 •
0
0
19,456
0
0
0 '
170,140
7,896
0 /
o'
45,591
0
0
0 *
17,752
250
8,636
8,632
7,890
0
.250
0
0
83,937
250
1,971,363
0
0
24,544
0
13
132,237
44,588
0
18,150
0
0
174,466
538,256
0
0
1,000
0
10,500
2,623
0
3,306,380
Total Off-site
Transfers
Excluding
Transfers to
Disposal
Pounds
51,843,752
241,925
0
91,462,595
57,837,046
88,249,301
24,254,416
33,739,691
17,039,140
12,336
32,480,224
62,058,286
15,000
57,632
1,119,483
147,551,714
249,678,022
40,460,468
64,858,010
69,691,617
77,778.204
5,818,471
12,514,577
45,140,045
207,971,953
33,012,551
27,012,462
98,418,760
651,992
27,990,841
1,685,007
13-,327,493
90,855,688
1,678,072
87,476,594
105,168,040
1,035,488
263,739,673
21,638,802
38,574,118
181,681,215
31,566,080
9,214,046
113,408,092
2,001,729
68,967,721
337,986,241
10,420,723
2,729,118
479,203
48,295,973
16,156,501
45,316,872
94,179,052
325,225
3,156,867,280
Note: Data from Section 6 of Form R excluding off-site transfers to disposal. Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste management code.
-------
Table 5-2. Multiple SIC Codes, 1996: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26
SIC Codes
2611
2611
2611
2611
2611
2611
2611
2611
2611
2611
2611
2621
2621
2621
2621
2621
2621
2621
2621
2631
2631
2631
2631
2631
2643
2649
2671
2671
2671
2672
2673
Total
2621
2631
2621
2621
2621
2621
2621
2621
2621
2622
2631
2631
263!
2631
2631
2671
2672
2676
2679
2643
2653
2655
2657
2672
2674
2672
2672
2673
2677
2679
2674
2621
2631 2653
2631 2672
2631 2679
2672
2674
2676
2679
2640
2643
2679
2675
2679 .
for SIC Code 26
Total
Forms Form As
Vumber Number
582
122
10
9
16
8
17
6
3
2
100
10
1
9
3
2
6
3
5
7
1
10
1
3
1
2
3
. 3
1
5
1
952
20
9
I
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
5
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
39
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
51,557,326
16,455,781
661,950
677,102
1,622,084
463,949
1,533,418
710,670
1,229
1,321,255
18,230,555
2,209,295
10
1,704,914
340,000
16,155
145,640
21,400
85,763
1,736,407
0
437,647
75,562
161,481
39,282
1,847
285,246
5,417
2,382
233,744
0
100,737,511
Total
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
820,005
1,265
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
129,127
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
950,647
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
52,377,331
16,457,046
661,950
677,102
1,622,084
463,949
T.533,418
710,670
1,229
1,321,255
18,359,682
2,209,295
10
1,704,914
340,000
16,405
145,640
21,400
85,763
1,736,407
0
437,647
75,562
161,481
39,282
1,847
285,246
5,417
2,382
233,744
0
101,688,158
Total Transfers
Total Other Off-site for
On-site Waste Farther Waste
Management Management
Pounds Pounds
341,725,163
86,231,831
7,478,870
5,577,900
18,178,293
3,454,510
5,811,257
2,180,540
0
194,000
75,294,424
5,674,760
66,000
9,766,188
148,000
67,000
1,313,000
0
125,300
3,328,100
0
143,544
352,730
0
0
5,380
1,350,000
214,000
8,920
0
0
568,689,710
31,741,205
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
206,942
0
4,213,086
0
0
0
0
0
71,635
0
0
0
0
250
4,776
0
397
2,910
101,752
3,969 '
1,580
235,844
700
36,585,046
Total Non-
Production- Production-
related related
Waste Waste
Pounds Pounds
425,520,661
102,905,648
8,140,390
6,259,365
19,763,234
3,918,044
7,336,351
2,891,192
208,201
1,514,000
97,974,419
7,884,051
66,009
11,110,098
488,000
79,300
1,530,260
21,400
233,400
5,064,107
0
580,456
433,068
163,120
39,679
8,290
1,732,000
223,439
12,880
468,338
0
706,569,400
13,587
8,387
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
61
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
22,037
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R, On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R. Off-site Releases are transfers off-site to disposal
from Section 6 of Form R. Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 of Form R. Total Production-related Waste sums
Section 8 of Form R, except: Non-production-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic incidents).
In Chapter 5 of the first volume of the 7996 Toxics
Release Inventory Public Data Release (published
May 1998), the table that presented data from TRI
forms reporting more than one SIC code in SIC
code 26 in 1996 (Table 5-2 on page 176) contained
incorrect data. The total row in Table 5-2 was
correct, but the detailed data were not. This errata
sheet presents the correct data, above,
The first complete sentence on page 176
(left column) reflected the incorrect data. The
revised text follows.
A- total of 582 forms reported pulp (SIC code
2611) and paper (SIC code 2621) combined; they
reported 60.2% (425.5 million pounds) of the total
production-related waste from forms reporting
multiple codes within SIC code 26.
-------
In Chapter 6 of the first volume of the 1996 Toxics
Release Inventory Public Data Release (published
May 1998), the table that presented data from TRI
forms reporting more than one SIC code in SIC
code 28 in 1996 (Table 6-2 on pages 214-215)
contained incorrect data. The total row in Table 6-2
was correct, but the detailed data were not. This
errata sheet presents the correct data, on the follow-
ing pages.
The text on "Multiple Codes within SIC Code 28,"
on pages 215-216 reflected the incorrect data. The
revised text follows on this page.
SIC 28
Table 6-2 further examines reporting of multiple
SIC codes within SIC code 28. The combination
filing the largest number of forms was plastics
materials and resins (SIC code 2821) with miscel-
laneous industrial organics (SIC code 2869). This
combination submitted 810 forms and, within the
multiple-codes category, accounted for the largest
amount of on- and off-site releases (38,3 million
pounds), transfers off-site for further waste man-
agement (44.4 milllion pounds), and production-
related waste (536.0 million pounds). This
combination,also reported the second-largest
amount of other on-site waste management (453.1
million pounds) among the multiple-codes groups
in SIC code 28.
A combination of four SIC codes—miscellaneous
industrial inorganic chemicals (SIC code 2819),
cyclic crudes and intermediates (SIC code 2865),
miscellaneous industrial organic chemicals (SIC
code 2869), and micellaneous agricultural chemi-
cals (SIC code 2879)—reported the largest other
on-site waste management (481.1 million pounds).
Miscellaneous industrial organics (SIC code
2869) appeared in 97 of the 226 multiple-codes
combinations.
-------
Table 6-2. Multiple SIC Codes, 1996; Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28
SIC Codes
2812
2812
2812
2812
2812
2812
2812
2812
2812
2812
2812
2812
2812
2812
2812
2812
2812
2812
2812
2812
2813
2813
2813
2813
2813
28.13
2813
2816
2816
2816
2816
2816
2816
2816
2816
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
28S9
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2813
2813
2813
2813
2813
2816
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2821
2841
2869
2819
2819
2819
2819
2821
2834
'2869
2819
2821
2851
2865
2869
2869
2879
2899
2821
2S21
2821
2821
2821
2823
2833
2833
2834
2834
2841
2841
2841
2841
2841
2842
2842
2842
2843
2843
2843
2843
2851
2851
2865
2865
2865
2865
2869
2869
Total
Forms Form As
Number Number
2819
2819 2821 2869 2891
2842
2869
2869
2821 2865 2869
2841
2841 2851 2879 2891
2860 2899
2865
2865 2869
2869
2869 2899
2873
2879
2869
2842
2842 2869
2865 2869 2899
2869 2873 2899
2869 2873
2899
2899
2834 2869 2879
2843 2865 2899
2869
2869 2873
2869 2891
2869
2899
2869 2873 2879
2843
2869 2879
2869 2899
2899
2844
2869
2869
2869 2899
2899
2869
2869
2869 2873
2869 2879
2873
13
9
98
3
24
38 .
49
32
11
4
5
12
20
23
6
4
3
128
3
54
3
8
17
13
22
3
4
40
30
18
8
73 '
1
2
9
74
18
25
20
16
4
23
7
5
15
8
16
22
10
• 2
4
1
19
2
4
71
5
4
14
8
176
19
29
532
27
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
19
3
0
0
0
1
2-
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
8
1
0
0
0
3
2
0
0
0
0
0
2
"0
1
0
0
10
1
0
1 '
13
1
0
10
4
1
0
0
4
0
0
63
0
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
9,080
8,228
4,804,668
49
931,819
' 554,674
40,027
543,281
2,408
'20
49,728
246,166
96,873
409
468
6,139,460
1,291
3,067,801
260
938,484
3,823
334,259
44,233
7,674,410
2,336,185 .
0
1,750
12,139,461
198,243
12,792
3,794
9,385,695
0
4,850
4,848
1,523,414
83,345
2,407,234
29,017
12,406
28,182,560
308,739
45,460
510
7,742,540
10,836
98,467
7,718,029
0
50
270
0
3,220
1
2,260
959,449
34
1,250
88,193
138,476
24,103,630
420,200
1,488,589
34,200,240
3,801,644
Total
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
29,430
7,081
0
0
0
110,781
1,096
0
0
0
0
191
3,172
0
0
0
2,453
4,530
0
176,479
0
24
4,864
255
53,021
0
0
228,100
0
35,198
24,042
44,955
0
0
158,610
0
30
18,161
38
0
0
47,190
0
11,300
5,900
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
168.943
0
0
0
0
122,780
50,453
235,938
628,915
167,233
'Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
38,510
15,309
4,804,668
.; 49
931,819
665,455
41,123
543,281
2,408
20
49,728
246,357
100,045
409
468
6,139,460
3,744
3,072,331
260
1,114,963
' 3,823
334,283
49,097
7,674,665
2,389,206
0
1,750
12,367,561
198,243
47,990
27,836
9,430,650
0
4.850
163,458
1,523,414
83,375
2,425,395
29,055
12,406
28,182,560
355,929
45,460
11,810
7,748,440
10,836
98,467
7,718,029
0
50
270
0
3,220
1
- 2,260
1,128,392
34
1,250
88,193
138,476
24,226,410
470,653
1,724,527
34,829,155
3,968,877
Total Transfers
Total Other Off-site for
On-site Waste Further Waste
Management Management
Pounds Pounds
. 50,000
0
278,523,023
0
1,900,433
158,779,000
37,884,829
176,384,133
0
4,300
2,442,719
12,291,965
11,124,156
224,237
153
4,513,448
8,005,992
182,354,827
136
9,148,090
23,175
3,356,165
' 5,797,211
0
56,480,918
0
0
234,975,900
11,234,132
76,002
0
10,037,043
0
0
0
28,592,079
168,689
9,372,165
19,749,882
0
10,794,000
3,928,000
150,827
9,489,048
24,605,180
0
43,437
20,240,213
0
0
150
0
241,720
0
951,850
47,047,483
0
0,
9,791,000
7,054,442
173,812,294
22,453,103
481,136,989
198,123,148
, 11,589,286
10
750
52,179
0
26,809
1,391,845
99,265
58,767
8,375
0
52,764
88,146
36,008
291
2
0
0
15,875,559
0
971,066
0
913,029
260,932
21,024
132,267
255,168
750
574,538
3,429,623
160,002
236,207
6,242,205
0
500
61,294
25,650
61,040
532,344
682,475
4,661,161
0
6.253,410
134,132
0
345,330
63,068
107,748
0
0
0
260
0
241,918
815
4,650
605,057
660
1,500
1,570,800
90,143
10,195,032
640,478
845
27,425,671
2,469,135
Total Non-
Production- Production-
related related
Waste Waste
Pounds Pounds
89,089
15,632
283,346,000
39
2,804,706
160,828,297
38,025,989
176,996,054
10,783
4,300
2,545,212
12.626,293
11,254,666
224,937
625
10,652,908
8,009,725
201,251,887
'. 151
11,203,363
26,764
4,603,477
6,168,699
7,695,665
58,975,393
255,168
3,760
247,905,269 ,
14,819,913
285,375
134,757
25,736,736
0
5,550
223,680
30,141,144
313,070
12,324,145
20,459,808
4,673,567
39,277,200
10,557,233
330,419
9,500,548
32,777,071
73,000
229,967
27,933,831
0
50
421
0
485,807
1,035
958,890
48,671,314
694
0
H,44g,490
7,275,055
213,924,863
23,564,228
482,870,734 '
260,235,915
18,026,759
369
0
66,960
0
63,294
7,823
580
0
0
0
0
0
5,182
2'
0
0
0
6,831
0
430
'0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,806
0
0
907
0
0
0
0
0
24,739
1,604
0
0
8,403
0
0
0
0
19,277
0
0
0
0
0
20
0
0
17,279
0
0
59
8,007
16,081
0
0
3,421
0
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R, On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R. Off-site Eeleases are transfers off-site to disposal from
Section 6 of Form R. Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 of Form R, Total Production-related Waste sums Section 8 of
Form R, except: Non-production-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic incidents).
-------
Table 6-2. Multiple SIC Codes, 19S6: Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28, Continued
SIC Codes
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2821
2821
2S21
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2821
2822
2822
2822
2822
2869
2869
2869
2873
2873
2873
2874
2879
2879
2892
2899
2819
2822
2822
2822
2823
2823
2823
2824
2824
2824
2824
2833
2834
2841
2841
2841
2841
2841
2842
2842
2842
2843
2843
2843
2843
2843
2843
2843
2851
2851
2851
2851
2861
2861
2861
2865
2865
2865
2865
2869
2869
2869
2869
2869
2876
2879
2879
2891
2891
2899
2865
2865
2865
2869
Total
Forms Form As
Number Number
2879
2879 2899
2899
2874
2892
2899
2869
2869
2891
2824 2869
2865 2869 2893
2869
2865
2865 2869
2869
2843 2899
2869
2842 2843 2844 2865
2843 2869 2893 2899
2869
2891
2843 2869
2869
2851 2869
2865 2869
2869
2869 2891 2893 2899
2869 2899
2879
2865
2891
2891 2893
2869
2869 2899
2899
2869 2873
2869 2879
2893
2879
2891
2895
2899
2879
2891
2899
2869
2869 2873
2879
54 -
27
30
30
28
6
13
39
22
1
44
26
34
27 '
6
22
72
9
105
21
23
26
22
25
6
22
16
1
3
9
3
4
4
11
67
20
9
11
10
390
3
42
6
24
8
4
48
14
72
5
810
105
12
25
35
I
13
27
81
19
34
5
43
24
30
9
0
11
1
0
0
0
5
18
1
2
0
3
8
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
3
. 7
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
3
27
0
7
6
5
0
1
4
0
10
0
43
0
4
5
0
0
0
0
13
0
10
0
0
0
0
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
2,770,796
61,855
42,012
6,176,874
36,185,857
979,477
8,605,852
316,236
20,645
0
140,660
708,633
345,900
1,490,425
24,706
831,683
5,606,314
566,059
5,885,291
2,806,970
22,368,147
2,246,680
437,980
2,142,512
1,388
747,427
'. 2,206
0
500
4,255
918
5,219
2,265
5,405
3,998,160
53,526
1,584
2,380
4,109
2,194,685
0
163,383
0
189,595
772,291
2,668
1,991,421
78,480
1,089,647
32,768
37,620,974
1,325,775
33,684
1,398,491
591,959
5,747
485
33,743
227,001
30,303
13,231
. 369,180
1,598,012
10,880,836
2,936,127
Total
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
25,918
5,200
765
7,700
1,155
0
0
774,453
0
0
4,382
31
- 27,484
408
11,164
3,987
38,000
0
822,125
42,344
4,781
25,961
0
750
0
84
0
0
500
40
0
0
' 76,100
0
395,812
11,628
76,620
500
0
78,545
69
16,965
0
14,237
0
234
115,694
0
45,100
735
653,918
37,088
260
122,434
1,444
0
70,355
0
3,436
63,419
250
0
23,439
28,422
4,220
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
2,796,714
67,055
42,777
6,184,574
36,187,012
979,477
8,605,852
1,090,689
20,645
0
145,042
708,664
373,384
1,490,833
35,870
835,670
5,644,314
566,059
6,707,416
2,849,314
22,372,928
2,272,641
437,980
2,143,262
1,388
747,511
2,206
0
1,000
4,295
918
5,219
78,365
5,405
4,393,972
65,154
78,204
2,880
4,109
2,273,230
69
180,348
0
203,832
772,291
2,902
2,107,115
78,480
1,134,747
33,503
38,274,892
1,362,863
33,944
1,520,925
593,403
5,747
70,840
33,743
230,437
93,722
13,481
369,180
1,621,451
10,909,258
2,940,347
Total Transfers
Total Other Off-site for
On-site Waste Further Waste
Management Management
Pounds Pounds
47,692,925
1 ,838,865
0
8,467,600
4,353,952
1,260,000
9,827,497
8,240,101
135,360
0
11,076,731
53,246,550
7,368,676
7,093,576
422,830
3,567,436
40,998,221 '
726,000
173,982,221
2,902,265
15,291,427
50,785,333
32,481,054
113,830,700
1,057
15,697,346
2,948
0
0
0
0
213,327
0
7,069
42,021,791
62,626
0
14,01 1
0
10,750,026
0
1,252,089
0
1,192,093
88,228
0
10,259,924
9,258,700
20,566,056
0
453,103,109
22,633,767
1,498,505
17,939,980
1,535,760
0
0
0
1,125,237
60,978
543,854
36,380
22,367,307
33,859.263
0
1,837,130
85,278
69,331
0
73,839
129,914
0
2,734,615
30,099
0
355,312
383,802
333,503
156,272
43,450
39,890
2,632,338
4,201
32,465,278
5,763,959
110,000
135,814
592,790
85,984
946
- 1,863,776
27,085
0
10
6,833
126,511
0
64,250
505
4,995,864
210,597
188,498
5,500
250
38,807,073
63,539
735,159
0
21,536
24,000
630
535,204
18,808,620
7,040,622
810,341
44,431,173
4,103,992
24,348
372,383
10,706,372
0
5,985
349,052
719,567
147,593
125,320
417,475
5,559,501
598,442
3,232,828
Total Non-
Production- Production-
related related
Waste Waste
Pounds Pounds
52,282,605
1,991,298
211,094
14,588,952
40,613,266
2,381,802
18,441,588
12,441,494
186,126
0
11,593,224
54,328,036
8,069,808
8,740,173
501,610
4,442,633
49,233,777
1,297,219
210,367,879
11,515,548
37,748,197
53,198,788
33,497,625
1 16,032,039
3,391
18,308,301
31,958
0
977
7,915
127,429
220,872
140,850
11,969
51,982,731
338,003
266,702
19,968
1,300
51,885,304
63,608
2,166,978
0
1,417,006
884,519
3,787
12,885,743
29,599,430
28,733,118
843,843
535,972,285
28,094,997
1,555,691
19,833,907
12,853,044
5,747
150,914
382,795
2,074,911
185,362
720,765
823,035
29,538,695
45,366,488
6,109,173
36,000
0
812
11
18,697
870
2,955
7,245
0
0
2,817
894
544
7,941
50
0
0
0
3,070.329
0
2,580
0
18,500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20,400
261
24
0
0
8
0
0
0
74
0
0
' 14,902
3,425
2,186
0
736,393
1,550
29
0
2,595
0
0
0
200
126,449
0
1,345
0
476
66,510
Note; On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R, On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R. Off-site Releases are transfers off-site to disposal from
Section 6 of Form R. Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 of Form R. Total Production-related Waste sums Section 8 of
Form R, except: Non-production-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic incidents).
-------
Table S-2. Multiple SIC Codes, 1998: Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28, Continued
SIC Codes
2822
2823
2824
2831
2833
2833
2833
2833
2833
2833
2833
2833
2833
2833
2833
2834
2834
2834
2834
2834
2834
2834
2834
2834
2834
2834
2834
2834
2834
2840
2841
2841
2841
2841
2841
2841
2841
2841
2841
2841
2841
2841
284!
2841
2841
2841
2841
2842
2842
2891
2834
2869
2833
2834
2834
2834
2834
2834
2834
2865
2869
2869
2879
2899
2833
2835
2836
2836
2841
2842
2843
2844
2865
2865
2869
2879
2892
2899
2842
2842
2842
2S42
2842
2842
2843
2843
2843
2843
2843
2844
2851
2851
2869
2869
2891
2899
2844
2851
2834
2836
2836
2841
2865
2869
2879
2869
2836
2879
2843
2843
2869
2869
2843
2843
2844
2899
2861
2869
2869
2899
2869
2899
Total
Forms Form As
Number Number
2879
2899
2869 2873
2879
2869 2879 2899
2899
2844
2899
2899
2891
1
1
30
3
102
18
22
2
9
5
30
10
16
47
26
8
1
7
3
7
3
3
4
16
5
38
32
3
2
8
135
- 12
22
3
18
20
1 •
9
11
11
3
3
20
8
3
1
26
4
4
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
2
0
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
3
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
4
51
0
9
0
13
5
0
4
0
2
0
0
1!
0
0
0
7
0
2
Total
On-stte
Releases
Pounds
221 '
21,549
1,025,788
24,700
1,827,418
105,988
285,478
6,200
104,762
7,050
831,809
578,113
329,936
1,323,404
884,745
24,621
4
2,637
0
3,395
0
181
592
212,120
8,110
1,292,552
1,206,730
3,988
1,292
2,039
33,734
16,933
8,455
0
15
. 2,262
155
18,609
359,610
18,941
2,949
11,600
5,543
0
28,600
0
13,804
33
10,285
Total
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
0
84
16,970
0
4,873
0
0
0
-0
0
205,535
256,117
13,300
365,017
48,050
0
0
0
1
93,484
0
0
0
0
0
250
25,758
0
0
0
1,000
0
0
0
6,387
0
0
0
15,205
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
755
.0
0
Total Total Transfers
On- and Total Other Off-site for
Off-site On-site Waste Further Waste
Releases Management Management
Pounds Pounds Pounds
221
21,633
1,042,758
24,700
1,832,291
105,988
285,478
6,200
104,762
7,050
1,037,344
834,230 •
343,236
1,688,421
932,795
. 24,621
4
2,637
1
96,879
0
181
592
212,120
8,110
1,292,802
1,232,488
3,988
1,292
2,039
34,734
16,933
8,455
0
6,402
2,262
155
18,609
374,815
1S,941
2,949
11,600
5,543
0
28,600
250
14,559
33
10,285
0
118,504
10,067,121
21,615
38,110,524
3,712,500
10,186,400
0
514,887
300,530
1,743,288
842,000
3,210,760
24,185,160
4,131,150
1,084,284
0
0
622
112,690
0
0
0
3,276,033
0
6,768,200
14,638,170
22,400
117
10,533
264,003
11,585
14,585
0
25,700
1,742
0
1,858
273,400
2,366,613
3
105,000
0
0
0
0
54,931
21,994
1,800
0
100
127,677
29,800
6,696,941
2,786,270
4,907,245
177,728
- 230,865
889,678
1,313,845
6,152,358
2,269,187
8,675,478
4,496,933
9,219
35,000
354,127
3,397
178,721
0
4,910
13,733
1,737,561
161,320
1,224,703
535,815
4,656
200
30,655
284,998
40,381
73,390
0
4,179
20,020
0
78,551
324,001
22,468
0
750
49,604
61,809
403,500
5
6,977
124,646
4,105
Total Non-
Production- Production-
related related
Waste Waste
Pounds Pounds
221
140,242
11,238,251-
75,955
46,735,021
6,594,400
15,378,651
183,928
850,713
1,198,250
4,017,389
7,603,35!
5,823,180
34,563,099
9,504,033
1,118,124
35,435
356,657
4,020
388,290
0
9,984
15,364
5,248,359
170,330
9,202,756
16,406,101
30,956
25,431
43,347
581,640
77,723
96,430
0
34,441
20,294
155
99,015
998,175
2,406,191
15,101
116,600
52,333
34,700
432,221
15
75,031
146,673
14,700
0
0
0
10
4,40?
20
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
18.920
400
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
125
0
0
0
0
125
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
575
2,300
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
Note; On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R. On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R, Off-site Releases are transfers off-site to disposal from
Section 6 of Form R, Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 of Form R, Total Production-related Waste sums Section 8 of
Form R, except: Non-production-related Waste (remediaycatastrophic incidents).
-------
Table 6-2. Multiple SIC Codes, 1996: Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28, Continued
SIC Codes
2842
2842
2842
2842
2842
2842
2842
2843
2843
2843
2843
,2843
2843
2843
2843
2844
2844
2851
2851
2851
2851
2851
2851
2851
2861
2861
2861
2865
2865
2865
2865
2865
2865
2865
2869
2869
2869
2869
2873
2873
2873
2873
2874
2875
2879
2891
2851
2865
2879
2879
2891
2893
2899
2844
285!
2861
2865
2869
2869
2869
2899
2869
2869
2865
2865
2869
2879
2891
2891
2899
2869
2869
2899
2867
2869
2869
2869
2869
2873
2899
2873
2879
2879
2899
2874
2874
2874
2879
2875
2879
2899
2899
2891
2899
2899
2899
2869
2873
2899 .
2874
2891
2893 2895 '
2893
2899
2873
2879
2879 2899
2879
2899
2875
2875 2879
Total for SIC Code 28
Total
Forms Form As
Number Number
6
4
1
9
4
3
12
18
2
5
7
50
1
50
33
3
11
6
5
31
5
63
1
29
9
11
7
-8
127
34
19
18
17
6
38
121
11
98
8
2
2
6
5
38
56
8
6,542
0
0
0
9
4
0
2
7
0
0
7
4
1
1
8
0
0
2
4
0
4
11
0
3
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
3
6
0
12
1
0
0
0
4
2
22
0
643
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
0
151,423
470
0
0
10,360
4,265
11,542
1,649
358
0
39,535
0
69,434
12,669
59
19,560
38,005
0
23,102
3
104,774
3,982
22,267
543,743
526,025
10,294
48,994
5,483,836
8.327,597
103,432
251,100
210,728
367
8,125,780
959,483
35,805
99,957
128,411
6,750
18,950
16,322
1,005
19,643
52,116
2,490
368,254,227
Total
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4,143
0
14,766
339
0
0
1,420
46
2,685
0
9,259
0
0
0
0
452
0
420,552
31,106
7,575
1,755
7,970
0
5,700
258,120
0
95,698
0
0
0
75
0
755
1,405
0
7,896,176
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
0
151,423
470
0
0
10,360
4,265
11,542
1,649
358
0
43,678
0
84,200
13,008
59
19,560
39,425
46
25,787
3
114,033
3,982
22,267
543,743
526,025
10,746
48,994
5,904,388
8,358,703
111,007
252,855
218,698
367
8,131,480
1,217,603
35,805
195,655
128,41 1
6,750
18,950
16,397
1,005
20,398
53,521
2,490
376,150,403
Total Transfers
Total Other Off-site for
On-site Waste Further Waste
Management Management
Pounds Pounds
0
6,979,477
0
0
0
0
11,519
4,700,398
0
0
0
10,663,722
0
517,970
186,941
24,756
64,883
0
84,116
1,691,400
256
2,262,326
0
38,287
190,390
24,432,150
3,043
240.S49
170,822,941
12,945,000
1,675,045
53,631,403
3,489,100
26,450
20,680,495
27,909,941
0
558,211
2,700,000
0
'0
0
700
14,872
4,714,034
0
4,024,088,800
15,722
928
250
0
0
474
6,850
39,180
1,500
0
0
273,625
0
169,858
289,537
31,318
690,252
75,016
6,621
17,315,220
907
148,336
3,882
111,231
33,960
800,500
4,170
96,064
6,285,210
' 21,430
1,280,570
1,027,605
2,627,785
91,131
142,412
5,271,809
489,812
956,090
0
0
0
0
0
21,369
134,710
38,300
363,308,016
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
15,722
7,131,828
750
0
0
10,401
20,782
4,751,061
1,988
358
0
10,972,229
0
760,935
488,681
56,141
774,668
157,330
90,783
19,056,040
1,161
2,482,955
7,964
181,568
768,093
25,754,589
17,955
385,607
180,874,727
21,362,123
3,066,502
54,917,621
6,331,750
117,625
28,834,431
34,615,298
546,232
1,661,802
2,812,181
6,000
18,950
16,843
1,350
60,660
4,910,931
36,440
4,766,348,743
Non-
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,137
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,361
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
1,707
82.176
234
613
37,060
0
0
5,902
9,478
13,000
27,311
14,000
0
0
0
0
719
0
0
4,627,743
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R. On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R. Off-site Releases are transfers off-site to disposal from
Section 6 of Form R,,Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 of Form R. Total Production-related Waste sums Section 8 of
Form R, except: Non-production-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic incidents).
-------
Table 7-2, Multiple SIC Codes, 1i9S; Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 29
SIC Codes
2911
2911
2911
2911
2951
2952
2951
2951 2992
2992
2999
2952
2992
Total for SIC Code 29
Total
Forms
Number
14
29
9
36
1
4
93
Form As
Number
0
0
0
0
0
4
4
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
66,504
977,469
181,785
722,863
668
0
1,949,289
Total
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
0
64,824
0
26,499
0
0
91,323
Total Total Transfers
On- and Total Other Off-site for
Off-site On-site Waste Further Waste
Releases
Pounds
66,504
1,042,293
181,785
749,362
668
0
2,040,612
Management Management
Pounds
30
8,356,038
619,930
181,127
0
0
9,157,125
Pounds
1,618
49,991
500
114,956
0
0
167,065
Total Non-
Production- Production-
related related
Waste
Pounds
68,139
9,440,658
803,244
975,409
668
0
11,288,118
Waste
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R, On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R. Off-site Releases are transfers off-site to disposal from
Section 6 of Form R. Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Managetnent from Section 6 of Form R, Total Production-related Waste sums Section 8 of
Form R, except: Non-production-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic incidents).
In Chapter 7 of the first volume of the 7996 Toxics
Release Inventory Public Data Release (published
May 1998), the table that presented data from TRI
forms reporting more than one SIC code in SIC
code 29 in 1996 (Table 7-2 on page 256) contained
incorrect data. The total row in Table 7-2 was
correct, but the detailed data were not. This errata
sheet presents the correct data, above,
One sentence in the text reflected the incorrect data.
On page 255, the right-hand column, the second
paragraph, the last sentence of that paragraph, the
number "72" should be "36." The corrected text
follows. • '
Table 7-2 examines multiple-code reporting within
SIC code 29, Ninety-three TRI forms reported
more than one SIC code in SIC code 29 in 1996,
2.9% of all forms in the sector, a smaller percent-
age than in many sectors. Of these, 36 reported
both petroleum refining (SIC code 2911) and
miscellaneous products of petroleum and coal
(SIC code 2999).
-------
Inventory:
In Chapter 8 of the first volume of the 7996 Toxics
Release Inventory Public Data Release (published
May 1998), the table that presented data from TRI
forms reporting more than one SIC code in SIC
code 33 in 1996 (Table 8-2 on page 291) contained
incorrect data. The total row in Table 8-2 was
correct, but the detailed data were not. This errata
sheet presents the correct data in Table 8-2, on the
following pages.
Text on pages 292-293 reflected the incorrect data,
beginning with the first full paragraph on page 292.
The corrected text follows on this page.
Reporting on forms with multiple SIC codes
within the sector is further examined in Table 8-2.
Secondary smelters and refiners of nonferrous
metals (SIC code 3341) appear most often (in 19
of the 99 combinations). Secondary smelting
generally recovers metals and alloys from scrap. •
This activity most often combines with further
processing of the metal (rolling, drawing, extrud-
ing, in SIC code 335).
Forms with multiple SIC codes had the largest on-
site waste management (842.0 million pounds) and
the largest total production-related waste (1.05
billion pounds) [in SIC code 33, see Table 8-1].
Forms with multiple SIC codes also had the second
or third largest amounts in the other categories
(on- and off-site releases and transfers off-site for
further waste management). As shown in Table 8-
2, the multiple code combination with the largest
total on- and off-site releases was primary
production of copper (SIC code 3331) with rolling
and drawing of copper (SIC code 3351). This
combination had total on- and off-site releases of
31.5 million pounds. This combination also
accounted for 547.6 million pounds of other on-
site waste management and 591.5 million pounds
of total production-related waste.
-------
Table 8-2. Multiple SIC Codes, 1996: Primary Metals, SIC Code 33
SIC Codes
3312
3312
3312
3312
3312
3312
3312
3312
3312
3312
3312
3312
3312
3312
3313
3313
3315
3315
3315
3315
3315
3315
3316
3317
3317
3321
3321
3321
3321
3321
3321
3321
3321
3321
3322
3324
3324
3324
3324
3324
3324
3325
3325
3325
3325
3331
3334
3334
3334
3334
3313
3313
3313
3315
3315
3316
3316
3316
3317
3321
3354
3356
3356
3398
3316
3341
3316
3316
3351
3351
3355
3398
3351
3322
3356
3322
3322
3322
3324
3325
3341
3365
3365
3369
3325
3325-
3325
3365
3365
3365
3369
3365
3365
3366
3369
3351
3341
3353
3353
3354
3315
3316
3341
3398
3317
3398
3325
3366
3398
3357
3355
3356
3398
3356
3325
3399
3365
3365 3366
3369
3369
3369
3365
3366
3366 3369
3366
3369
3355
3355
Total
Forms Form As
Number Number
13
10
5
14
.15
41
1
36
25
3
5
5
3
16
3
12
12
3
4
5
3
5
7
12
5
4
3
3
2
13
3
20
1
6
2
5
3
1
11
2
10
4
I
6
5
23
8
33
9
10
6
3
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
1
0
0
3
0
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
23,886
843,460
1,293
16,190,589
42,749
3,079,908
35,414
3,514,695
1,926,635
57,405
19,264
25
2,769
372,974
30,450
3,351
91
1,930
101,725
54 .
0
4,616
151,049
264,892
2,975
1,751
1,000
3,341
361
9,333
19,828
2,428,729
46
10,127
500
2,015
28,522
0
69
780
22,471
538
5
2,002
2,010
31,487,709
549,250
2,974,394
1,003,881
756,123
Total
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
0
1,232,352
, ' 0
0
424,170
17,690,451
0
2,132,736
0
0
0
1,250
0
68,605
96,200
0
0
0
0
0
4,100
40,444
7,512
0
505
230,120
255
0
0
1,515
0
3,875
0
6
0
35,700 '
0
65
35,562
0
17,774
0
0
0
4,905
1,799
37,499
162,873
182,550
706
Total Total Transfers
On- and Total Other Off-site for
Off-site On-site Waste Further Waste
Releases Management Management
Pounds Pounds Pounds
23,886
2,075,812
1,293
16,190,589
466,919
20,770,359
35,414
5,647,431
1,926,635
57,405
19,264
1,275
2,769
441,579
126,650
3,351
91
1,930
101,725
54
4,100
45,060
158,561
264,892
3,480
231,871
1,255
3,341
361
10,848
19,828
2,432,604
46
10,133
500
37,715
28,522
65
35,631
780
40,245
538
5
2,002
6,915
31,489,508
586,749
3,137,267
1,186,431
756,829
550,000
41,000
1,291
10,029,548
.1, 744 ,339
3,211,148
16,133
25,455,355
8,049,384
0
785,322
0
0
2,654,085
0
2,246,840
0
0
0
0
10
997,400
13,000
,0
111,903
0
12,000
0
104
431,996
12,512
340,000
0
0
18,000
.0
0
0
9,505
590,000
2,554,800
0
0
0
227,850
547,632,371
463,825 •
34,639,975
15,526,340
9,046,060
418,564
0
0
5,329,441
2,027,792
3,946,119
0
8,879,222
56
2,150
3
25
242,589
17,500,804
2,663
584,781
212,142
65,013
69,199
0
6,555
174
4,000
13,546
113,468
2,786,004
0
4,519
30,603
10
7,430
504,391
118,849
10,412
0
178
0
184
351,988
334,671
1,360,565
0
0
0
34,510
12,379,845
264,998
1,712,577
2,240,002
0
Total Non-
Production- Production-
related related
Waste Waste
Pounds Pounds
817,626
2,084,200
2,583
31,594,716
4,235,742
27,873,536
'35,414
39,972,923
9,971,286
59,303
824,257
70
245,358
20,602,262
128,713
2,846,662
212,231
66,930
170,713
8,724
13,400
1,042,559
175,532
291,207
• 228,276
2,986,673
13,060
7,860
31,069
442,422
39,770
3,258,489
118,895
20,545
18,500
36,775
28,521
• 349
419,382
920,851
3,952,796
538
5
66!
266,170
.591,500,408
1,013,075
39,275,090
18,949,022
9,800,392
0
0
727,600
753
0
0
0
1 ,849
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
531
302,497
0
0
16
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R. On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R, Off-site Releases are transfers off-site to disposal from
Section 6 of Form R. Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 of Form R, Total Production-related Waste sums Section 8 of
Form R, except: Non-production-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic incidents).
-------
Table 8-2. Multiple SIC Codes, 1996; Primary Metals, SIC Code 33, Continued
Total
SIC Codes Forms Form As
Number Number
3334
3334
3339
3339
3339
3341
3341
3341
3341
3341
3341
3341
3341
3341
3341
3341
3341
3341
3341
3351
3351
3351
3351
3351
3351
3351
3351
3351
3351
3353
3354
3354
3355
3356
3356
3356
3356
3357
3362
3363
3363
3363
3364
3364
3365
3365
3365
3365
3365
Total
3355
3399
3341
3351
3356
3351
3351 3366
3351 3398
3353
3354
3354 3355 3356
3354 .3356 3365
3355
3356
3356 3399
3363 3365 3398
3369
3398
3399
3355
3355 3356 3398 3399
3355 3366
3356
3356 3357
3356 3357 3398 3399
3357
3362
3366
3399
3355
3355
3365
3398
3357 3399
3369
3398 3399
3399
3399
3369
3364
•3365
3369
3365
3366 3369
3366
3366 3369
3369
3398
3399
for SIC Code 33
16
1
1 1
6
12
1
9
14
20
14
6
3
6
n
11
3
5
5
4
2
3
3
•4
3
1
7
4
14
2
10
8
2
3
2
4
1
3
1
1
'21
6
1
1
1
42
9
7
6
3
784
0
0
0
1
I
1
3
0
0
6
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
3
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
6
0
1
0
2
55
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
813,016
3,150
511,566
667,786
1,528,200
0
237,442
138,257
542,014
1,860
2,800
62
3,700
1,334
176,598
3,770
1,050
1,478
555,978
0
52.505
14,673
57,097
275
505
38,436
7,041 .
16,252
632
543,060
43,324
4,321
500
29,254
4,536
550
0
1
1,611
9,655
243
30
591
33
49,742
9,961
2,015
50,607
260
72,104,755
Total
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
18,750
0
22,986,960
45,929
48,864
0
166,034
771,459
22,836
56
2,636
0
2,000
755
0
0
5
0
152
5
0
179
500
760
0
0
1,139
250
0
3,787
666
0
1,751
0
0
0
0
0
0
9,210
57,100
0
0
3,497
5,524
500
5
523
0
46,565,361
Total Total Transfers
On- and Total Other Off-site for
Off-site On-slte Waste Further Waste
Releases Management Management
Pounds Pounds Pounds
831,766
3,150
23,498,526
713,715
1,577,064
0
403,476
909,716
564,850
1,916
5,436
62
5,700
2,089
176,598
3,770
1,055
1,478
556,130
5
52,505
14,852
57,597
1,035
505
38,436
8,180
16,502
632
546,847
43,990
4,321
2,251
29,254
4,536
550
0
1
1,611
18,865
57,343
30
591
3,530
55,266
10,461
2,020
51,130
260
118,670,116
2,973,250
3,800
42,000
886,072
17,559,435
0
11,139
103,080,400
6,388,540
2,324,091
0
0
200,000
. 2,848,278
614,969
4,700
202,170
560,657
362,427
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,631,524
0
26,716,514
0
38,000
0
0
1,100
25,000
5,300
0
0
0
0
173,500
7,662,403
11,000
0
75,205
17,137
133,400
0
43,000
0
842,007,107
143,204
0
107,067
2,203,202
250
0
97,215
6,038,557
31,426,836
30,286
323,212
132
128,600
449,305
2,161,466
50,800
34,125
0
113
985,219
59,400
181
458,590
8,090
135,000
56,285
' 3,547,200
5,335,068
13
101,750
155
0
4,965
110
105,410
367,000
0
2
0
233,233
594,846
255
0
0
1,374,265
414,712
67,529
41,806
0
118,645,496 1
Total Son-
Production- Production-
related related
Waste Waste
Pounds Pounds
3,947,207
4,300
23,646,321
3,749,074
19,087,835
0
510,941
109,980,964
7,822,547
2,353,348
324,851
193
. 334,550
3,297,216
. 2,951,672
58,887
237,433
562,114
918,670
1,314,402
103,650
1,276,761
515,793
180,042
135,400
1 ,724,075
3,555,490
32,001,920
658
653,123
'44,151
4,171
7,633
54,143
115,334
367,800
0
3
1,611
424,433
8,314,477
16,116
341
78,735
2,116,037
557,967
68,642
136,415
42
050,163,029
2,500
0
12,962,592
0
50
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
151
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
72,126
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
14,070,685
Note: On-stte Releases from Section 5 of Form R, On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R, Off-site Releases are transfers off-site to disposal from
Section 6 of Form R. Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 of Form R. Total Production-related Waste sums Section 8 of
Form R, except; Non-production-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic incidents).
-------
Table 9-2. Multiple SIC Codes, 1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36
SIC Codes
3612
3612
3612
3613
3613
3621
3621
3621
3621
3625
3625
3625
3629
3631
3631
3632
3641
3641
3643
3643
3645
3646
3648
3651
3651
3652
3661
3661
3662
3663
3663
3663
3663
3669
3669
3671
3671
3672
3672
3672
3672
3674
3675
3675
3675
3691
3694
3621
3621
3625
3625
3629
3624
3625
3634
3694
3643
3651
3676
3643
3632
3632
3639
3646
3694
3644
3644
3646
3648
3692
3671
3672
3695
3672
.3679
3679
3671
3671
3678
3679
3672
3694
3674
3679
3674
3678
3679
3699
3679
3676
3677
3679
3692
3699
Total
Forms Form As
Number Number
3699
3672
3661 3663 3669 3699
3633 3639
3648
3646
3672 3679 3694
3679
3679
Total for SIC Code 36
3
4
1
6
3
4
2
1
7
3
1
2
5
13
16
10
1
1
9
5
5
4
1
9
2
1
7
2
2
15
5
6
1
4
1
1
1
4
2
11
1
8
8
3
1
6
4
212
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
14,400
0
0
3,445
15,840
1,516
8,772
17,969
81,122
17,388
0
15,360
21,249
210,421
263,945
828,525
255
10
1,022
33
10,762
4
130
14,100
250
71,670
9,514
67,705
260
5,858
7,115
150
0
8,505
0
4,530
0
2,596
0
34,294
0
8,301
243,511
223,843
255
4,817
760
2,220,202
Total
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
17
0
0
1,005
0
11,705
0
0
27,779
3,332
0
0
1,700
22,019
44,330
750
0
11
21,871
0
0
975
2,600
71,000
0
6
0
0
0
18,949
32,100
15,656
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
42,887
0
104,822
0
120,250
543,769
Total Total Transfers
On- and Total Other Off-site for
Off-site On-site Waste Further Waste
Releases Management Management
Pounds Pounds Pounds
14,417
0
0
4,450
15,840
13,221
8,772
17,969
108,901
20,720
0
15,360
22,949
232,440
308,275
829,275
255
21
22,893
33
10,762
979
2,730
85,100
250
71,676
9,514
67,705
260
24,807
39,215
15,806
0
8,510
0
4,530
0
2,596
0
34,294
0
8,301
286,398
223,843
105,077
4,817
121,010
2,763,971
0
0
0
104
0
0
4,633
3,812
29,000
18,902
0
440
0
83,890
7,900
500,700
0
0
3,100
0
160,038
0
36,000
613,000
3,380
19,816
249,000
0
0
297,640
421,710
39,109
28,000
84,763
0
0
0
15,549
32,039
180,298
0
247,784
8,300
46,761
0
82,851
9,000
3,227,519
193,353
440,013
21,967
778,031
23,363
1,625,010
4,795
0
1,445,602
356,580
0
0
627,000
516,890
936,150
73,593
60,600
62,638
930,199
184,381
19,237
7,211
20,600
466,650
250
44,897
1,936,862
0
538,048
57,646
603,285
8,388,585
0
105,732
9,400
40,630
22,918
47,541
2,088
309,812
24,385
87,335
178,797
388,114
30,777
355,494
48,257
22,014,716
Total Non-
Production- Production-
related related
Waste Waste
Pounds Pounds
207,770
872,527
0
782,739
39,103
1,628.335
208,019
21,781
1,542,038
396,185
0
17,200
728,942
891,410
1,252,325
1,406,304
60,600
62,653
953,562
207,884
189,804
7,699
59,730
1,159,900
3,395
136,305
2,195,734
73,450
269,043
374,945
1,031,120
8,443,591
28,000
199,010
9,400
45,200
22,918
65,046
34,127
524,223
24,385
343,087
472,053
658,363
136,109
441,169
177,520
28,404,703
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
154
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
150
0
0
0
0
0
304
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R. On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R. Off-site Releases are transfers off-site to disposal
from Section 6 of Form R. Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 of Form R. Total Production-related Waste
sums Section 8 of Form R, except: Non-production-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic incidents).
In Chapter 9 of the first volume of the 7996 Toxics
Release Inventory Public Data Release (published
May 1998), the table that presented data from TRI
forms reporting more than one SIC code in SIC
code 36 in 1996 (Table 9-2 on page 335) contained
incorrect data. The total row in Table 9-2 was
correct, but the detailed data were not. This errata
sheet presents the correct data, above.
One sentence in the first full paragraph on page 335
reflected the incorrect data. The revised text follows.
Table 9-2 examines TRI reporting from the 212
forms submitted with more than one code within
SIC code 36. Printed circuit boards (SIC code
3672) appeared in nine combinations. Forms
reporting multiple SIC codes are a smaller factor
in electrical equipment manufacture than in many
other sectors. This indicates more of a concen-
tration in this sector on single or closely related
product lines.
-------
As noted in Chapter 9, Toxics Release Inventory Data for Electrical Equipment, one facility (Thomson
Consumer Electronics, Dunmore, Pennsylvania) had an apparent increase of 6.7 million pounds in on- and
off-site releases from 1988 to 1996, A facility representative identified this as an error in its 1996 reporting.
The reporting error was noted in the text (page 369), and information was added as a footnote to Table 9-6,
Summary of TRI Information by State, 1996, in the main volume, and as a footnote to Pennsylvania in
the State Fact Sheets.
This reporting error affects other data tables in Chapter 9, including those in which industries in the
electrical equipment sector are ranked. Thomson Consumer Electronics submitted ten forms in SIC code
3672, printed circuit boards. This facility also revised its reported SIC code from 3672, to 3671, electron
tubes. This errata sheet includes revised versions of Table 9-1, Summary of TRI Information by 4-digit
SIC Code, and Table 9-3, TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996, incorporating the corrected data.
On its 1996 Form R for lead compounds, the facility had reported 6,792,500 pounds of off-site releases
(transfers off-site to disposal, in Section 6 of Form R) and a total of 6,800,695 pounds of production-related
waste (largely in off-site recycling, in Section 8 of Form R) in error. The facility has revised its submission
to zero off-site releases and 212,287 pounds of total production-related waste. The revision affected data for
both off-site releases and off-site waste management, nearly all tables and figures in Chapter 9 and the
discussion of them in the text.
Due to the incorrectly reported SIC code and the error associated with quantities of waste managed
reported by this facility, the printed circuit board industry (SIC code 3672) was improperly ranked. EPA
has corrected this error and prepared new tables that reflect this new ranking. Note that there will be a
discrepancy between these tables and the rest of the data release (e.g., total releases and production-related
waste for SIC code 36 shown in this errata will not correspond to data in Chapter 4).
-------
Table 9-1. Summary of TRI Information by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36, Revised
Total Total
On- and Production-
Off-site related
Releases Waste
Rank Rank
13
26
5
19
34
28
29
3
7
16
37
14
1
18
21
27
22
33
32
17
39
31
38
36
15
9
2
11
25
30
24'
8
10
6
20
12
23
4
35
13
12
9
10
27
25
34
18
20
28
39
24
15
16
17
26
'32
35
19
29
37
31
36
23
6 1
2
3
11
30
33
14
7
1
8
22
5
21
4
38
SIC
Code
3612
3613
3621
3624
3625
3629
3631
3632
3633
3634
3635
3639
3641
3643
3644
3645
3646
3647
3648
3651
3652
3661
3663
3669
3671
3672
3674
3675
3676
3677
3678
3679
3691
3692
3694
3695
3699
Total Total
Industry Facilities Forms Form As
Number Number Number
Transformers, Except Electronic
Switchgear & Switchboard Apparatus
Motors & Generators
Carbon & Graphite Products
Relays & Industrial Controls
Electrical Industrial Apparatus, nee*
Household Cooking Equipment
Household Refrigerators & Freezers
Household Laundry Equipment
Electric Housewares & Fans
Household Vacuum Cleaners
Household Appliances, nee*
Electric Lamps
Current-carrying Wiring Devices
Noncurrent-carrying Wiring Devices
Residential Lighting Fixtures
Commercial Lighting Fixtures
Vehicular Lighting Equipment
Lighting Equipment, nee*
Household Audio & Video Equipment
Prerecorded Records & Tapes
Telephone & Telegraph Apparatus
Radio & TV Communications Equipment
Communications Equipment, nee*
Electron Tubes **
Printed Circuit Boards **
Semiconductors & Related Devices
Electronic Capacitors
Electronic Resistors
Electronic Coils & Transformers
Electronic Connectors
Electronic Components, nee*
Storage Batteries
Primary Batteries, Dry & Wet
Engine Electrical Equipment
Magnetic & Optical Recording Media
Electrical Equipment & Supplies, nee*
MultiplewithinSIC36
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 36
Total for SIC Code 36
38
42
79
26
. 14
16
9
13
" 10
16
2
12
26
47
18
10
12
6
8
13
4
12
8
11
15
213
131
27
7
16
24
106
77
22
20
17
23
75
8
1,233 '
90
84
191
40
26
25
26.
64' '
60
28
3
45
65
80
42
15
19
16
18
21
5
15
27
13
80
572
499
63
12
23
60
194
181
55
42
39
61
212
10
3,121
2
3
8
0
1
1
0
1
0
2
0
1
0
6
2
5
1
0
1
0
0
3
0
0
0
11
6
0
0
0
1
21
1
0
0
0
10
2
1
90
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
1,041,920
123,558
2,487,700
347,258
81,551
93,917
81,098
2,751,418
1,745,257
556,491
17,255
932,151
2,373,160
170,107
299,293
153,711
227,393
70,206
33,888
' 443,864
5,489
122,377
10,835
40,346
632,671
1,197,800
2,227,646
917,038
100,371
133.084
166,456
1,536,616
242,993 '
367,994
244,322
1,264,005
141,107
2,220,202
49,571
25,652,119
Total
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
246,650
41,590
99,028
53,653
4,588
62,649
69,869
47,550
161,947
1,250
500
208.891
728,039
237,174
7,734
5,900
250
16,754
59,300
2,604
5,081
4,006
5
7,248
339,378
554,873
741,476
641,297
78,797
1,750
26,446
332.553
1,480,262
2,210,035
105,717
139.443
51,952
543,769
750
9,320,758
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
1,288,570
165,148
2,586,728
400,91 1
86,139
156,566
150,967
2,798,968
1.907,204
557,741
17,755
1,141,042
3,101,199
407,281
307,027
159,611
227,643
86,960
93.188
446,468
10,570
126,383
10,840
47,594
972,049
1,752,673
2,969,122
1,558,335
179,168
134.834
192,902
1.869.169
1,723,255
2,578,029
350,039
1,403,448
193,059
2,763,971
. 50,321
34,972,877
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R. On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R. Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site
to disposal) of Form R. Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R.
Total Production-related Waste sums Section 8 (Current Year. Column B) of Form R, except: Non-production-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic
incidents). Facilities/forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 36 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
* nee: not elsewhere classified.
** Due to a facility reporting an incorrect SIC code and an error associated with quantities of waste managed reported by the same facility, the printed circuit hoard
industry (SIC code 3672) and the electron tube industry (SIC code 3671) were improperly ranked. This table now reflects the correct ranking.
-------
Table 9-1. Summary of TRI Information by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36, Revised, Continued
SIC
Code
3612
3613
3621
3624
3625
3629
3631
3632
3633
3634
3635
3639
3641
3643
3644
3645
3646
3647
3648
3651
3652
3661
3663
3669
3671
3672
3674
3675
3676
3677
3678
3679
3691
3692
3694
3695
3699
Industry
Transformers, Except Electronic
Switchgear & Switchboard Apparatus
Motors & Generators
Carbon & Graphite Products
Relays & Industrial Controls
Electrical Industrial Apparatus, nee*
Household Cooking Equipment
Household Refrigerators & Freezers
Household Laundry Equipment
Electric Housewares & Fans
Household Vacuum Cleaners
Household Appliances, nee*
Electric Lamps
Current-carrying Wiring Devices
Noncurrent-carrying Wiring Devices
Residential Lighting Fixtures
Commercial Lighting Fixtures
Vehicular LightingEquipment
LightingEquipment, nee*
Household Audio & Video Equipment
Prerecorded Records & Tapes
Telephone & Telegraph Apparatus
Radio & TV Communications Equipment
Communications Equipment, nee*
Electron Tubes **
Printed Circuit Boards **
Semiconductors & Related Devices
'•Electronic Capacitors
Electronic Resistors
Electronic Coils & Transformers
Electronic Connectors
Electronic Components, nee*
Storage Batteries
Primary Batteries, Dry & Wet
Engine Electrical Equipment
Magnetic & Optical Recording Media
Electrical Equipment & Supplies, nee*1
Multiple within SIC 36
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 36
Total for SIC Code 36
Total Other
On-site Waste
Management
Pounds
360,608
587,653
636,199
9,560,688
24,624
2,482
4,042
138,190
855,413
71,400
206
279,422
1,566,403
2,817,437
4,120,598
1,472,725
168,917
79,000
76,000
63,458
527
970
116,171
31,598
10,519,069
13.147.263
34.547,619
4,289,484
183,297
8,624
1,594,310
10,150,879
104,469,548
10,029,861
466.862
21.578,346
781,870
3,227,519
x7,735
238.037,077
Total Transfers
Off-site for
Further Waste
Management
Pounds
5,832,457
8,382,165
9,549,206
233,848
1,237,141
1,363,697
. 252,446
'1,489,300
971,627
491,937
48,355
502,213
1,638,112
2,973,124
1,160.346
12,978
33,472
89,712
4,186,539
479,132
93,103
300,740
17,963
2,711,065
7,561,899
34,438.035
12,254,762
3,876,009
186,223
264,659
4,877,714
6,356,214
229,399,495
2,075,512
1,404,347
1,730,414
2.385,434
22,014,716
29,131
372,905,242 . |
•. Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
8,272,263
9,279,624
12,380,217
10,232,251
1,349,794
1,602,541
411,317
4,476,760
3,671,164
1,123,011
66,044
1,942,083
6,450,360
6,254,196
5,577,483
1,593,530
425,192
267,603
4,342,672
991,893
103,423
428,086
140,024
2,802,973
19,771,411
50,250,684
49,332,568
9,829,376
498,284
423,469
6,869,077
18,349,206
358,730,306
14,742,152
3,004,650
24,834.037
3,501,883
28.404,703
87,521
672,813,831
Non-
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
108
17,370
1,408
130
0
1,156
0
5,200
0
0
0
0
60
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
103
17,220
2
0
0
0
3.075
3.536
0
0
-1,601
0
304
99
51,372
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R. On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R. Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site
to disposal) of Form R. Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R.
Total Production-related Waste sums Section 8 (Current Year, Column B) of Form R, except: Non-production-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic
incidents). Facilities/forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 36 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
* nee: not elsewhere classified.
** Due to a facility reporting an incorrect SIC code and an error associated with quantities of waste managed reported by the same facility, the printed circuit board
industry (SIC code 3672) and the electron tube industry (SIC code 3671) were improperly ranked. This table now reflects the correct ranking.
-------
Table 9-3. TRI On-siie and Off-site Releases, 1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36 (in Rank Order), Revised
On-site Land Releases
Surface Underground
SIC
Code
3641
3674
3632
3621
3692
3633
3679
3672
3691
3675
3695
3612
3639
3671
3634
3651
3643
3624
3694
3644
3646
3699
3678
3676
3613
3645
3629
3631
3677
3661
3648
3647
3625
3669
3635
3663
3652
Industry
Electric Lamps
Semiconductors & Related Devices
Household Refrigerators & Freezers
Multiple within SIC 36
Motors & Generators
Primary Batteries, Dry & Wet
Household Laundry Equipment
Electronic Components, nee*
Printed Circuit Boards *'*
Storage Batteries
Electronic- Capacitors
Magnetic & Optical Recording Media
Transformers, Except Electronic
Household Appliances, nee*
Electron Tubes
Electric Housewares & Fans
Household Audio & Video Equipment
Current-carrying Wiring Devices
Carbon & Graphite Products •
Engine Electrical Equipment
Noncurrent-carrying Wiring Devices
Commercial Lighting Fixtures
Electrical Equipment & Supplies, nee*
Electronic Connectors
Electronic Resistors
Switohgear & Switchboard Apparatus
Residential Lighting Fixtures
Electrical Industrial Apparatus, nee*
Household Cooking Equipment
Electronic Coils & Transformers
Telephone & Telegraph Apparatus
Lighting Equipment, nee
Vehicular Lighting Equipment
Relays & Industrial Controls
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 36
Communications Equipment, nee*
Household Vacuum Cleaners
Radio & TV Communications Equipment
Prerecorded Records & Tapes
Total for SIC Code 36
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
2,373,158
1,163,923
2,751,418
2,153,400
2,484,120
367,770
1,626,148
1,518,106
1,125,321
172,066
876,970
1,236,187
1.032,444
931,843
355,841
555,621
443,614
.169,241
342,874
175,629
298,675
227,393
138,515
164,356
60,053
118.157
153.711
93.486
80,830
133,079
122,372
31,858
70,206
81,541
49,571
40.346
17.255
10,580
5.479
23.753,157
injection
Water Class I Class II-V
Discharges Wells Wells
Pounds Pounds Pounds
2
1,035,005
0
- 66,292
113
224
411
275
67,982
3,441
1,270
1,000
19
308
276,825
110
250
505 '
274
0 •
18
0
582
75
0
4.895
0
421
268
5
5
2,030
0
10
0
0
0
0
0
1,462,615
0
12
0
0
5
0
.. o
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 .
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o-
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
22
0
0
0
0'
0
0,
. 0
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
RCRA Other On-
Subtitle C site Land
Landfills Releases
Pounds Pounds
0
0
0
0
1,600
0
0
15,986
1,619
62,380
37,350
26,818
0
0
5
0
, 0
0
0
22,849
0
0
1,500
0
40,318
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.
0
5
210.430
0
28,706
0
510
1,862
0
118,698
2,249
2,868
5,106
1,448
0
9,457
0
0
760
0
361
4,110
45,844
600
0
510
2,025
0
506
0
10
- 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
255
5
225,890
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
2,373,160
2,227,646
2,751,418
2,220,202
2,487.700
367,994
1,745.257
L536.616
1,197,800
242,993
917,038
1,264,005
1,041,920
932,151
632,671
556,491
443,864
170,107
347,258
244,322
299,293
227,393
141,107
166,456
100,371
123,558
153,711
93,917
81,098
133,084
122,377
33,888
70,206
81,551
49,571
40,346
17,255
10,835
5,489
25,652,119
Off-site
Releases Total
Transfers On- and
Off-site to Off-site
Disposal Releases
Pounds Pounds
728
741
,039
,476
47,550
543
,769
99,028
2,210,035
161,947
332,553
3,101,199
2,969.122
2,798,968
2,763,971
2,586,728
2,578,029
1,907,204
1,869,169
554,873) 1,752,673
1,480,262
641,297
139,443
246,650
208,891
339,378
1,250
2,604
237,174
53
105
1
51
26
78
41
5
62
69,
653
717
734
250
952
446
797
590
900
649
869
1,750
, 4,006
59.
16,
4,
*7
5,
9.320,
300
754
588
750
248
500
5
081
758r
1,723.255
1,558.335
1,403,448
1,288,570
1,141,042
972.049
557,741
446.468
407,281
400.911
350,039
307,027
227,643
193.059
192:902
179.168
165,148
159,611
156.566
150,967
134,834
126,383
93.188
86.960
86.139
50.321
47.594
17,755
10.840
10,570
34,972,877
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R. Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R. Forms with more than one 4-digit
SIC code within SIC code 36 are assigned to the "multiple" category,
* nee: not elsewhere classified.
** Due to a facility reporting an incorrect SIC code and an error associated with quantities of waste managed reported by the same facility, the printed circuit board
industry (SIC code 3672) was improperly ranked. This table now reflects the correct ranking.
-------
• it
1
Toxics Release
Inventory
Public Data Release -10 Years of Right-to-Know
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics (7408)
Washington, DC 20460
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CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1 — TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY REPORTING
AND THE 1996 PUBLIC DATA RELEASE 1
Introduction , 1
TRI Background ........:.. 2
1996 Public Data Release 2
Expanded Analysis of 1996 Industry Data 3
Revised Presentation of TRI Data 3
Additions to 1996 TRI Public Data Release 4
Availability of Screening Information Data Set (SIDS) Testing 4
Screening Information System/LAN (SIS/L) 4
Act Locally Catalogue... 5
Diffuse Sources 5
TRI Reporting 5
Who Must Report? 6
What Must Be Reported? 6
What Are the Benefits and Limitations of the Data? 8
Benefits 8
Limitations i 9
TRI In Perspective 10
TRI Expansion 10
Phase 1: Chemical Expansion 11
Phase 2: Facility Expansion 11
Phase 3: Chemical Use Reporting , 12
TRI Reporting Forms '. 13
Form A 13
Revisions to Form R 13
Future TRI Modifications 13
Pollution Prevention Act Reporting 13
Redesign of TRI Reporting Forms and TRI Stakeholder Dialogue 14
Persistent Bibaccumulators 15
Airports Petition 15
Oil and Gas Expansion 16
International Aspects of TRI 16
How Can I Obtain Additional TRI Information? 17
CHAPTER 1 — EXHIBITS
Box 1-1. A Roadmap to the 1996 TRI Public Data Release 1
Box 1 -2. Who Reported Toxic Chemical Release Inventory Reports for the 1996
Reporting Year? , 6
Box 1-3. Who Will Report to TRI Starting in the 1998 Reporting Year? 7
Box 1-4. What Must Be Reported to TRI? 7
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Contents
Box 1-5, Factors to Consider in Using TRI Data , 9
Box 1-6. Some Toxic Persistent Bioaccumulators Listed on the Toxics Release
Inventory ,. 15
CHAPTER 2 — NATIONAL OVERVIEW OF 1996 TOXICS RELEASE
INVENTORY ...........19
Introduction 19
TRI Releases and Waste Management 19
What to Consider When Using TRI Data , :.... 19
Toxicity of the Chemical 19
Exposure Considerations 23
1996 National Overview. 24
On- and Off-site Releases 25
Other On-site Waste Management 25
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management 26
1996 TRI Data by State 27
On- and Off-site Releases 27
Other On-site Waste Management 32
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management 32
1996 TRI Data by Chemical 32
Top 20 Chemicals for On- and Off-site Releases 33
Use, Toxicity, and Environmental Fate Information 33
Metals and Metal Compounds 36
OSHA Carcinogens 39
Clarification of the Basis for Carcinogen Listings on the EPCRA
Section 313 List of Toxic Chemicals 40
Chemicals Affecting Children's Health 47
Nitrate Compounds and Children's Health 47
Mercury and Children's Health 49
Ozone and Children's Health 49
Diffuse Sources.... 49
Fertilizer Use.... 50
Pesticide Use 51
Volatile Organic Compounds 52
1996 Data for All TRI Chemicals , 52
Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste 52
Waste Management Information Collected 54
Source Reduction Activities 54
Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste 56
National Overview 56
Waste Management Data by State 58
Chemical-Specific Waste Management Data 64
Chemical-Specific Data Table Information 65
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Contents mi
CHAPTER 2 — EXHIBITS
Table 2-1. 1996 TRI Facilities and Forms 24
Table 2-2. 1996 TRI On-site and Off-site Releases 25
Table 2-3. 1996 Other On-site Waste Management 26
Table 2-4. 1996 TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management 26
Table 2-5. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases by State, 1996 28
Table 2-6. Off-site Transfers for Disposal Sent Out of State, Within
States and Received into State, 1996 29
Table 2-7. TRI Other On-site Waste Management by State, 1996 30
Table 2-8. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management by State, 1996 31
Table 2-9. Top 20 Chemicals with Largest Total On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996.... 34
Table 2-10. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of Metals and Metal Compounds, 1996... 37
Table 2-11. TRI Other On-site Waste Management and Transfers Off-site for
Further Waste Management of Metals and Metal Compounds, 1996 39
Table 2-12. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of OSHA Carcinogens, 1996 43
Table 2-13. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases for Developmental Toxins
Added to TRI for 1995 Reporting Year, Top 10 Chemicals
for Total Releases, 1996 48
Table 2-14. Pesticide Use in Agricultural Crop Production, 1995, and TRI
Releases and Transfers of Selected Pesticides, 1996 51
Table 2-15. TRI Air Emissions for Top 20 Volatile Organic Chemicals
with Largest Total Air Emissions, 1996 53
Table 2-16. Facilities and Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity,
by Category, 1996...: 57
Table 2-17. Current Year, and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste,
1996-1998 57
Table 2-18. Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, by State, 1996 59
Table 2-19. Actual and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, by State,
1995-1998 60
Table 2-20. Top 20 Chemicals with the Largest Total Production-related
Waste, 1996 65
Table 2-21 A. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1996 66
Table 2-21B. TRI Other On-site Waste Management and Transfers Off-site
for Further Waste Management, by Chemical, 1996 67
Figure 2-1 Information Collected under TRI 20
Figure 2-2. Distribution of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996 25
Figure 2-3. Distribution of TRI Other On-site Waste Management, 1996; 26
Figure 2-4. Distribution of TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management, 1996 26
Figure 2-5. Waste Management Hierarchy 54
Box 2-1. An Explanation of On- and Off-site Releases 21
Box 2-2. An Explanation of On-site Waste Management 22
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Contents
Box 2-3. An Explanation of Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management 22
Box 2-4. Basis of OSHA Carcinogen Listing for Individual Chemicals.. 41
Box 2-5. An Explanation of Waste Management Information 55
Box 2-6. What is Source Reduction? 56
CHAPTER 3 — YEAR-TO-YEAR COMPARISON OF TOXICS RELEASE
INVENTORY DATA......... ., 87
Introduction , 87
"Core" Chemicals for Year-to-Year Comparisons 88
1995-1996 Comparisons... 88
Multi-Year Comparisons 88
Reporting of Ammonia, Hydrochloric Acid, and Sulfuric Acid 88
Threshold Changes 90
Underground Injection and On-site Land Releases 91
On- and Off-site Waste Management 91
New Types of Off-site Transfers 91
Reasons for Change 91
TRI Data for 1995-1996 and for 1988, 1994-1996 91
National Overview 91
On- and Off-site Releases 91
Other On-site Waste Management 94
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management 94
Facilities and Forms 94
TRI Data by State for 1995-1996 and for 1988,1994-1996 96
On- and Off-site Releases 96
TRI Data by Chemical for 1995-1996 and for 1988, 1994-1996 98
33/50 Program Chemicals, 1988-1996 100
Waste Management Data, 1991-1995 100
Chemical-Specific Data 103
CHAPTER 3 — EXHIBITS
Table 3-1. Comparison of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, Other On-site
Waste Management, and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management, 1995-1996 93
Table 3-2. Comparison of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, Other On-site
Waste Management, and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management, 1988 and 1994-1996 95
Table 3-3. Change in Total TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by State, 1995-1996 97
Table 3-4. Change in Total TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by State, 1998
and 1994-1996 99
Table 3-5. Change in Total On- and Off-site Releases and Transfers Off-site to
Treatment and Disposal of 33/50 Chemicals, 1988-1996 101
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Contents „>, m
Table 3-6. Total On-site Releases and Transfers Off-site to Treatment and
Disposal of 33/50 Program Chemicals Compared to Other TRI
Chemicals, 1988,1990,1995, and 1996 101
Table 3-7. Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, 1991 and 1994-1996 102
Table 3-8. Actual and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste,
1991 and 1995-1998 103
Table 3-9. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1988 and 1994-1996 104
Table 3-9. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, Transfers Off-site for,
Further Waste Management, and Total Production-related Waste,
1988 and 1994-1996 105
Figure 3-1. Distribution of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, 1988-1996 96
Box 3-1. An Explanation of the Modification to the Reporting Requirements
for Aqueous Ammonia and the Delisting of Ammonium Sulfate
(Solution) and Ammonium Nitrate (Solution) 89
Box 3-2. An Explanation of the Modification to the Reporting Requirements
for Hydrochloric and Sulfuric Acid 90
Box 3-3. Reasons Facility Release and Other Waste Management
Estimates Change 92
CHAPTER 4 — INDUSTRY REPORTING TO THE TOXICS RELEASE
INVENTORY: OVERVIEW 155
TRI Data by Industry, 1996 155
On- and Off-site Releases 155
Other On-site Waste Management 160
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management 161
Economic Overview, by Industry, 1996 162
Year-by-Year Comparisons, by Industry 164
On- and Off-site Releases, 1995-1996 164
On-and Off-site Releases, 1988 and 1994-1996 166
Actual and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, 1995-1998 166
Waste Management Data, 1991 and 1995-1996 168
Economic Overview, by Industry, Multi-Year Comparisons 169
CHAPTER 4 — EXHIBITS
Table 4-1. TRI Facilities and Forms, by Industry, 1996 159
Table 4-2. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Industry, 1996 159
Table 4-3. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, by Industry, 1996 161
Table 4-4. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management,
by Industry, 1996 163
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Contents
Table 4-5. Employees, Value of Shipments, and Total Production-related
Waste, by Industry, 1996 165
Table 4-6. Change in Total TRI On-site and Off-site Releases,
by Industry, 1995-1996 165
Table 4-7. Change in Total On-site and Off-site Releases, by Industry,
1988 and 1994-1996 167
Table 4-8. Actual and Projected Total Production-related Waste,
by Industry, 1996-1998 167
Table4-9. Total Production-related Waste, by Industry, 1991 and 1994-1996 168
Table 4-10. Industrial Production Indexes by Industry, 1989-1996 169
Table 4-11. Cumulative Change in Manufacturing Production and in TRI
Releases and Transfers Off-site to Treatment and Disposal, 1989-1996 170
Figure 4-1. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, Industries with Largest
Totals, 1996 160
Figure 4-2. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, Industries with
Largest Totals, 1996 162
Figure 4-3. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management,
Industries with Largest Totals, 1996 164
Box 4-1. Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Codes 156
Box 4-2. An Explanation of SIC Codes and TRI 158
CHAPTER 5 — TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY DATA FOR PULP AND PAPER
(SIC CODE 26) 171
A Look at the Paper and Allied Products Industry (SIC Code 26) 171
Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard 171
Products Made from Paper and Paperboard 173
Other Environmental Developments 174
1996 TRI Data for Pulp and Paper 175
On- and Off-site Releases 176
Other On-site Waste Management 177
Transfers Offcsite for Further Waste Management 179
1996 TRI Data by State for Pulp and Paper 180
1996 TRI Data by Chemical for Pulp and Paper 181
OSHA Carcinogens 184
1996 TRI Chemicals in Waste for Pulp and Paper 186
Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste 186
Source Reduction Activity 187
Year-to-Year Comparisons for Pulp and Paper 190
1995-1996 TRI Data for Pulp and Paper 190
On- and Off-site Releases 190
Other On-site Waste Management 190
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Contents nu
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management 190
1988-1996 TRI Data for Pulp and Paper 190
Changes in SIC Codes 192
1988-1996 Data for Four-Digit Industries in Pulp and Paper 194
Facilities with Large Increases and Decreases in Releases, 1988-1996 201
1991-1996 Waste Management Data for Pulp and Paper 202
Facilities with Large Increases and Decreases in Waste
Management, 1991-1996 „ 202
Sources 206
CHAPTER 5 — EXHIBITS
Table 5-1. Summary of TRI Information by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996:
Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26 174
Table 5-2. Multiple SIC Codes, 1996: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26 , 176
Table 5-3. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996: Pulp and Paper,
SIC Code 26 (in Rank Order) 177
Table 5-4. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, 1996: Pulp and Paper,
SIC Code 26 (in Rank Order) 178
Table 5-5. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, 1996:
Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26 (in Rank Order) 180
Table 5-6. Summary of TRI Information by State, 1996: Pulp and Paper,
SIC Code 26 182
Table 5-7. The 15 Chemicals with the Largest Total On-site and Off-site Releases,
1996: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26 (in Rank Order).,... 184
Table 5-8. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of OSHA Carcinogens by
4-digit SIC Code, 1996: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26 (in Rank Order) 185
Table 5-9. Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996:
Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26 (in Rank Order) 186
Table 5-10. Current Year and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste,
1996-1998: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26 188
Table 5-11. Number of Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity, 1996:
Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26 189
Table 5-12. Comparison of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, Other On-site
Waste Management, and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management, 1995-1996: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26 191
Table 5-13, Comparison of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, Other On-site
Waste Management, and Transfers Off-site for Further
Waste Management, 1988 and 1994-1996: Pulp and Paper,
SIC Code 26 193
Table 5-14. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988
and 1994-1996: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26 195
Table 5-15. TRI Other On-site Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code,
1988 and 1994-1996: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26 197
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Contents
Table 5-16, TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management by 4-digit
SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26 199
Table 5-17. TRI Waste Management Data, 1991,1994-1996: Pulp and Paper,
SIC Code 26 203
Figure 5-1. Distribution of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996:
Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26) ,. .....' 177
Figure 5-2. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, SIC Codes with Largest
Releases, 1996: Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26) , 178
Figure 5-3. Distribution of TM Other On-site Waste Management, 1996:
Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26) 179
Figure 5-4. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, SIC Codes with
Largest Totals, 1996: Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26) 179
Figure 5-5. Distribution of TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management, 1996: Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26) 180
Figure 5-6. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management,
SIC Codes with Largest Totals, 1996: Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26) 181
Figure 5-7. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of OSHA Carcinogens,
SIC Codes with Largest Totals, 1996: Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26) 185
Figure 5-8. Distribution of TRI Production-related Waste, 1996:
Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26) 187
Figure 5-9. Distribution of Production-related Waste, 1996:
Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26) „ 187
Figure 5-10, Projected Changes in Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste,
1996-1998: Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26) 189
Figure 5-11. Percentage Change in On-site and Off-site Releases, 1995-1996:
Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26) 192
Figure 5-12. Percentage Change in On-site and Off-site Releases, 1988-1996:
Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26) 194
Figure 5-13. Percentage Change in Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste,
1991-1996: Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26) 204
Box 5-1. SIC Code 26, Paper and Allied Products: Codes and Classifications 172
Map 5-1. Total On- and Off-site Releases, 1996: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26 183
CHAPTER 6 — TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY DATA FOR CHEMICAL
MANUFACTURING (SIC CODE 28) 207
A Look at the Chemicals and Allied Products Industry (SIC Code 28) 207
Industrial Organic Chemicals 210
Plastics Materials and Synthetics 211
Drugs and Pharmaceuticals 211
1996 TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing 211
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Contents
Multiple Codes within SIC Code 28 , , 215
On- and Off-site Releases , ,„ 216
Other Oil-site Waste Management 217
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management . ...218
1996 TRIDataby State for Chemical Manufacturing 218
1996 TRI Data by Chemical for Chemical Manufacturing 222
OSHA Carcinogens , , 225
1996 TRI Chemicals in Waste for Chemical Manufacturing 226
Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste , 229
Source Reduction Activity 230
Year-to-Year Comparisons for Chemical Manufacturing 231
1995-1996 TM Data for Chemical Manufacturing , 231
On- and Off-site Releases 231
Other On-site Waste Management 233
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management 233
1988-1996 TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing 233
Changes in SIC Codes 234
1988-1996 Data for Four-Digit Industries in Chemical Manufacturing 234
On- and Off-site ., 236
Other On-site Waste Management 236
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management 245
Facilities with Large Increases and Decreases in Releases, 1988-1996 246
1991-1996 Waste Management Data for Chemical Manufacturing 247
Facilities with Large Increases and Decreases in Waste
Management, 1991-1996 249
Sources 252
CHAPTER 6 — EXHIBITS
Table 6-1. Summary of TRI Information by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996:
Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28 212
Table 6-2. Multiple SIC Codes, 1996: Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28 ............ 214
Table 6-3. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996: Chemical Manufacturing,
SIC Code28 (inRank Order).... 216
Table 6-4. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, 1996: Chemical Manufacturing,
SIC Code 28 (in Order) 219
Table 6-5. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, 1996:
Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28 (in Rank Order) „ 221
Table 6-6. Summary of TRI Information by State, 1996: Chemical.
Manufacturing, SIC Code 28 223
Table 6-7. The 15 Chemicals with the Largest Total On-site and Off-site
Releases, 1996: Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28 (in Rank Order).... 225
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Contents
Table 6-8, TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of OSHA Carcinogens by
4-digit SIC Code, 1996: Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28
(in Rank Order) 226
Table 6-9. Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996:
Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28 (in Rank Order) 227
Table 6-10. Current Year and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste,
1996-1998: Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28 „ 229
Table 6-11. Number of Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity, 1996:
Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28 , 231
Table 6-12. Comparison of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, Other On-site
Waste Management, and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management, 1995-1996: Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28 232
Table 6-13. Comparison of TRI Da-site and Off-site Releases, Other
On-site Waste Management, and Transfers Off-site for Further
Waste Management, 1988 and 1994-1996: Chemical Manufacturing,
SIC Code 28 , 235
Table 6-14. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases by 4-digit SIC Code,
1988 and 1994-1996: Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28 237
Table 6-15. TRI Other On-site Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code,
1988 and 1994-1996: Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28 240
Table 6-16. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management by 4-digit
SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Chemical Manufacturing,
SIC Code 28 . 243
Table 6-17. TRI Waste Management Data, 1991,1994-1996:
Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28 248
Figure 6-1. Distribution, of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996:
Chemical Manufacturing (SIC Code 28) 217
Figure 6-2. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, SIC Codes with Largest
Releases, 1996: Chemical Manufacturing (SIC Code 28) 218
Figure 6-3. Distribution of TRI Other On-site Waste Management, 1996:
Chemical Manufacturing (SIC Code 28) 220
Figure 6-4. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, SIC Codes with
Largest Totals, 1996: Chemical Manufacturing (SIC Code 28) 220
Figure 6-5. Distribution of TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management, 1996: Chemical Manufacturing (SIC Code 28) 222
Figure 6-6. TRI Transfer Off-site for Further Waste Management,
SIC Codes with Largest Totals, 1996: Chemical Manufacturing
(SIC Code 28)... 222
Figure 6-7. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of OSHA Carcinogens,
SIC Codes with Largest Totals, 1996: Chemical Manufacturing
(SIC Code 28) 227
Figure 6-8. Distribution of TRI Production-related Waste, 1996:
Chemical Manufacturing (SIC Code 28) 228
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Contents
Figure 6-9. Distribution of Production-related Waste, 1996: Chemical
Manufacturing (SIC Code 28) 228
Figure 6-10. Projected Percentage Changes in Quantities of TRJ Chemicals
in Waste, 1996-1998: Chemical Manufacturing (SIC Code 28) 230
Figure 6-11. Percentage Change in On-site and Off-site Releases, 1995-1996:
Chemical Manufacturing (SIC Code 28) 233
Figure 6-12. Percentage Change in On-site and Off-site Releases, 1988-1996:
Chemical Manufacturing (SIC Code 28) 236
Figure 6-13. Percentage Change in Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste,
1991-1996: Chemical Manufacturing (SIC Code 28) 249
Box 6-1. SIC Code 28, Chemicals and Allied Products: Codes and Classifications ... 208
Map 6-1. Total On- and Off-site Releases, 1996: Chemical Manufacturing,
SIC Code 28 „. 224
CHAPTER 7 — TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY DATA FOR PETROLEUM
REFINING (SIC CODE 29). ..253
A Look at the Petroleum Refining and Related Industries (SIC Code 29) 253
1996 TRI Data for Petroleum Refining 255
On- and Off-site Releases 255
Other On-site Waste Management 257
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management 259
1996 TRJ Data by State for Petroleum Refining 260
1996 TRI Data by Chemical for Petroleum Refining 261
OSHA Carcinogens 264
1996 TRI Chemicals in Waste for Petroleum Refining 266
Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste 267
Source Reduction Activity „ 270
Year-to-Year Comparisons for Petroleum Refining 270
1995-1996 TRI Data for Petroleum Refining 270
On- and Off-site Releases , 270
Other On-site Waste Management 270
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management ...272
1988-1996 TRI Data for Petroleum Refining 272
1988-1996 Data for Four-Digit Industries in Petroleum Refining 275
1991-1996 Waste Management Data for Petroleum Refining .279
Facilities with Large Increases and Decreases in Waste Management,
1991-1996 279
Sources 283
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Contents
CHAPTER 7 — EXHIBITS
Table 7-1. Summary of TRI Information by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996:
Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 29 256
Table 7-2. Multiple SIC Codes, 1996: Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 29 256
Table 7-3. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996: Petroleum Refining,
SIC Code 29 (in Rank Order) 256
Table 7-4. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, 1996: Petroleum Refining,
SIC Code 29 (in Rank Order) 258
Table 7-S. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, 1996:
Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 29 (in Rank Order) 260
Table 7-6. Summary of TRI Information by State, 1996: Petroleum Refining,
SIC Code 29 262
Table 7-7, The 15 Chemicals with the Largest Total On-site and Off-site
Releases, 1996: Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 29 (in Rank Order) 264
Table 7-8. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of OSHA Carcinogens by
4-digit SIC Code, 1996: Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 29
(in Rank Order) 265
Table 7-9. Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste by 4-digit SIC Code,
1996: Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 29 (in Rank Order) 266
Table 7-10. Current Year and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste,
1996-1998: Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 29 268
Table 7-11. Number of Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity, 1996:
Petroleum Refining. SIC Code 29..... 269
Table 7-12. Comparison of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, Other On-site
Waste Management, and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management, 1995-1996: Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 29 271
Table 7-13. Comparison of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, Other On-site
Waste Management, and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management, 1988 and 1994-1996: Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 29. 273
Table 7-14. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases by 4-digit SIC Code,
1988 and 1994-1996: Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 29 275
Table 7-15. TRI Other On-site Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code,
1988 and 1994-1996: Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 29 276
Table 7-16, TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management by 4-digit
SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 29 277
Table 7-17, TRI Waste Management Data, 1991,1994-1996: Petroleum
Refining, SIC Code 29 , 280
Figure 7-1. Distribution of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases 1996:
Petroleum Refining (SIC Code 29) 257
Figure 7-2 TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, SIC Codes with Largest
Releases, 1996: Petroleum Refining (SIC Code 29) 258
Figure 7-3. Distribution of TRI Other On-site Waste Management, 1996:
Petroleum Refining (SIC Code 29) 259
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Contents
Figure 7-4. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, SIC Codes with Largest
Totals, 1996; Petroleum Refining (SIC Code 29) „..., 259
Figure 7-5. Distribution of TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management, 1996; Petroleum Refining (SIC Code 29) 260
Figure 7-6. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, SIC
Codes with Largest Totals, 1996: Petroleum Refining (SIC Code 29) 261
Figure 7-7. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of OSHA Carcinogens,
SIC Codes witih. Largest Releases, 1996: Petroleum Refining
(SIC Code 29) . , 265
Figure 7-8. Distribution of TRI Production-Related Waste, 1996:
Petroleum Refining (SIC Code 29) 266
Figure 7-9. Distribution of TRI Production-Related Waste, 1996:
Petroleum Refining (SIC Code 29) 267
Figure 7-10. Projected Percentage Changes in Quantities of TRI Chemicals
in Waste, 1996-1998: Petroleum (SIC Code 29) 269
Figure 7-11. Percentage Change in On-site and Off-site Releases, 1995-1996:
Petroleum Refining (SIC Code 29) 272
Figure 7-12. Percentage Change in On-site and Off-site Releases, 1988-1996:
Petroleum Refining (SIC Code 29) 274
Figure 7-13. Percentage Change in Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste,
1991-1996: Petroleum (SIC Code 29) 281
Box 7-1. SIC Code 29, Petroleum Refining and Related Industries:
Codes and Classifications...... 254
Map 7-1. Total On- and Off-site Releases, 1996: Petroleum Refining,
SIC Code 29 ,....»... 263
CHAPTER 8 — TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY DATA FOR PRIMARY METALS
(SIC CODE 33) 285
A Look at the Primary Metal Industries (SIC Code 33) 285
Steel.. 285
Aluminum, Copper, Lead, Zinc, and Other Nonferrous Metals 289
Other Environmental Issues 290
1996 TRI Data for Primary Metals 290
Multiple Codes within SIC Code 33 291
On- and Off-site Releases 293
Other On-site Waste Management 293
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management 294
1996 TRI Data by State for Primary Metals 297
1996 TRI Data by Chemical for Primary Metals 298
OSHA Carcinogens , 300
1996 TRI Chemicals in Waste for Primary Metals ...„„ 302
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Contents
Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste 304
Source Reduction Activity . , 305
Year-to-Year Comparisons for Primary Metals 306
1995-1996 TRI Data for Primary Metals 306
On- and Off-site Releases.. 307
Other On-site Waste Management , ....„,.. 308
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management 308
1988-1996 TRI Data for Primary Metals 309
1988-1996 Data for Four-Digit Industries in Primary Metals 313
Facilities with Large Increases and Decreases in Releases, 1988-1996 319
1991-1996 Waste Management Data for Primary 323
Facilities with Large Increases and Decreases in Waste Management,
1991-1996.. 324
Sources .....328
CHAPTER 8 — EXHIBITS
Table 8-1. Summary of Til Information by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996:
Primary Metals, SIC Code 33 288
Table 8-2. Multiple SIC Codes, 1996: Primary Metals, SIC Code 33 291
Table 8-3. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996: Primary Metals,
SIC Code 33 (in Rank Order) .. 292
Table 8-4. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, 1996: Primary Metals,
SIC Code 33 (in Rank Order) 295
Table 8-5. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, 1996:
Primary Metals, SIC Code 33 (in Rank Order) 297
Table 8-6. Summary of TRI Information by State, 1996: Primary Metals,
SIC Code 33 300
Table 8-7. The 15 Chemicals with the Largest Total On-site and Off-site
Releases, 1996: Primary Metals, SIC Code 33 (in Rank Order) 302
Table 8-8. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of OSHA Carcinogens by
4-digit SIC Code, 1996: Primary Metals, SIC Codes 33
(in Rank Order) 303
Table 8-9. Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste by 4-digit SIC Code,
1996: Primary Metals, SIC Code 33 (in Rank Order) 305
Table 8-10. Current Year and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste,
1996-1998: Primary Metals, SIC Code 33 307
Table 5-10. Current Year and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste,
1996-1998: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26 308
Table 8-11. Number of Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity, 1996:
Primary Metals, SIC Code 33 309
Table 8-12. Comparison of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases,
Other On-site Waste Management, and Transfers Off-site for
Further Waste Management, 1995-1996: Primary Metals,
SIC Code 33 .........310
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Contents ,m
Table 8-13. Comparison of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, Other
On-site Waste Management, and Transfers Off-site for Further
Waste Management, 1988 and 1994-1996: Primary Metals,
SIC Code 33 312
Table 8-14. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases by 4-digit SIC Code,
1988 and 1994-1996: Primary Metals, SIC Code 33 314
Table 8-15. TRI Other On-site Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code,
1988 and 1994-1996: Primary Metals, SIC Code 33 33 , 317
Table 8-16. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management by
4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Primary Metals,
SIC Code 33 320
Table 8-17. TRI Waste Management Data, 1991,1994-1996:
Primary Metals, SIC Code 33 325
Figure 8-1. Distribution of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996:
Primary Metals (SIC Code 33) 293
Figure 8-2. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, SIC Codes with Largest
Releases, 1996: Primary Metals (SIC Code 33) 294
Figure 8-3. Distribution of TRI Other On-site Waste Management, 1996:
Primary Metals (SIC Code 33) 296
Figure 8-4. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, SIC Codes with Largest
Totals, 1996: Primary Metals (SIC Code 33) 296
Figure 8-5. Distribution of TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management, 1996: Primary Metals (SIC Code 33) 298
Figure 8-6. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management,
SIC Codes with Largest Totals, 1996: Primary Metals
(SIC Code 33) 299
Figure 8-7. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of OHSA Carcinogens,
SIC Codes with Largest Totals, 1996: Primary Metals (SIC Code 33) 304
Figure 8-8. Distribution of TRI Production-related Waste, 1996:
Primary Metals (SIC Code 33) 305
Figure 8-9. Distribution of Production-related Waste, 1996:
Primary Metals (SIC Code 33) 306
Figure 8-10. Projected Percentage Changes in Quantities of TRI Chemicals
in Waste, 1996-1998: Primary Metals (SIC Code 33) 308
Figure 8-11. Percentage Change in On-site and Off-site Releases Quantities,
1995-1996: Primary Metals (SIC Code 33) 311
Figure 8-12. Percentage Change in On-site and Off-site Releases, 1988-1996:
Primary Metals (SIC Code 33) 316
Figure 8-13. Percentage Change in Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste,
1991-1996: Primary Metals (SIC Code 33) 326
Box 8-1. SIC Code 33, Primary Metal Industries: Codes and Classifications 286
Map 8-1. Total On- and Off-site Releases, 1996: Primary Metals, SIC Code 33 301
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Contents
CHAPTER 9 — TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY DATA FOR ELECTRICAL
EQUIPMENT (SIC CODE 36}...... „ 329
A Look at Electronic and Other Electrical Equipment and Components,
Except Computer Equipment (SIC Code 36) 329
1996 TR! Data for Electrical Equipment 334
On- and Off-site Releases 335
Other On-site Waste Management 336
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management 337
1996 TRI Data by State for Electrical Equipment 339
1996 TRI Data by Chemical for Electrical Equipment , 344
OSHA Carcinogens 344
1996 TW Chemicals in Waste for Electrical Equipment 346
Transfers Off-site to Disposal 346
Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste 347
Source Reduction Activity 349
Year-to-Year Comparisons for Electrical Equipment 350
1995-1996 TRI Data for Electrical Equipment 350
On-and Off-site Releases 351
Other On-site Waste Management 353
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management 353
1988-1996 TRI Data for Electrical Equipment 354
1988-1996 Data for Four-Digit Industries in Electrical Equipment 356
Facilities with Large Increases and Decreases in Releases, 1988-1996 360
1991-1996 Waste Management Data for Electrical Equipment 369
Facilities with Large Increases and Decreases in Waste Management,
1991-1996 369
Sources , 373
CHAPTER 9 — EXHIBITS
Table 9-1. Summary of TM Information by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996:
Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36 332
Table 9-2. Multiple SIC Codes, 1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36 335
Table 9-3. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996: Electrical Equipment,
SIC Code 36 (in Rank Order) 336
Table 9-4. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, 1996: Electrical Equipment,
SIC Code 36 (in Rank Order) 338
Figure 9-3. Distribution of TRI Other On-site Waste Management, 1996:
Electrical Equipment (SIC Code 36) 338
Table 9-5. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, 1996:
Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36 (in Rank Order) 340
Table 9-6. Summary of TRI Information by State, 1996: Electrical Equipment,
SIC Code 36 342
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Contents
Table 9-7. The 15 Chemicals with the Largest Total On-site and Off-site Releases,
1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36 (in Rank Order) , , , 344
Table 9-8. TRI Oil-site and Off-site Releases of OSHA Carcinogens by
4-digit SIC Code, 1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36
(in Rank Order) 345
Table 9-9. Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996:
Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36 (in Rank Order) 347
Table 9-10. Current Year and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste,
1996-1998: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 26 , 349
Table 9-11. Number of Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity, 1996:
Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36 351
Table 9-12. Comparison of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, Other On-site
Waste Management, and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management, 1995-1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36 352
Table 9-13. Comparison of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, Other
On-site Waste Management, and Transfers Off-site for Further
Waste Management, 1988 and 1994-1996: Electrical Equipment,
SIC Code 36 355
Table 9-14. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases by 4-digit SIC Code,
1988 and 1994-1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36 35?
Table 9-15. TRI Other On-site Waste by 4-digit SIC Code,
1988 and 1994-1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36 361
Table 9-16. TRJ Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management by
4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Electrical Equipment,
SIC Code 36 365
Table 9-17. TRI Waste Management Data, 1991,1994-1996:
Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36 370
Figure 9-1. Distribution of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996:
Electrical Equipment (SIC Code 36) , 337
Figure 9-2. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, SIC Codes with Largest Releases^
1996: Electrical Equipment (SIC Code 36)... 337
Figure 9-3. Distribution of TRI Other On-site Waste Management, 1996:
Electrical Equipment (SIC Code 36) , 339
Figure 9-4. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, SIC Codes with Largest
Totals, 1996: Electrical Equipment (SIC Code 36) 339
Figure 9-5. Distribution of TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management,
1996: Electrical Equipment (SIC Code 36) 341
Figure 9-6, TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management,
SIC Codes with Largest Totals, 1996: Electrical Equipment
(SIC Code 36) -.341
Figure 9-7. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of OHSA Carcinogens,
SIC Codes with Largest Totals, 1996: Electrical Equipment
(SIC Code 36) 346
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Figure 9-8. Distribution of TRI Production-related Waste, 1996:
Electrical Equipment (SIC Code 36), , 348
Figure 9-9. Distribution of Production-related Waste, 1966 Electrical
Equipment (SIC Code 36) 348
Figure 9-10. Projected Percentage Changes in Quantities of TRI Chemicals
in Waste, 1996-1998: Electrical Equipment (SIC Code 36).... 350
Figure 9-11. Percentage Change in On-site and Off-site Releases, 1995-1996:
Electrical Equipment (SIC Code 36) 353
Figure 9-12. Percentage Change in On-site and Off-site Releases, 1988-1996:
Electrical Equipment (SIC Code 36) 354
Figure 9-13. Percentage Changes in Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste,
1991-1996: Electrical Equipment (SIC Code 36) 371
Box 9-1. SIC Code 36, Electronic and Other Electrical Equipment and
Components, Except Computer Equipment: Codes and Classifications 330
Map 9-1. Total On- and Off-site Releases, 1996: Electrical Equipment,
SIC Code 36 343
CHAPTER 10 — TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY DATA FOR
FEDERAL FACILITIES 375
A Look at the Federal Facilities Reporting to TRI 375
1996 TRI Data for Federal Facilities 375
On- and Off-site Releases 377
Other On-site Waste Management 378
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management 379
1996 TRI Data by State for Federal Facilities 380
1996 TRI Data by Chemical for Federal Facilities 381
OSHA Carcinogens 382
1996 TRI Chemicals in Waste for Federal Facilities 385
Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste 387
Source Reduction Activity 388
Year-to-Year Comparisons for Federal Facilities 389
1995-1996 TRI Data for Federal Facilities 389
On- and Off-site Releases „ 389
Other On-site Waste Management 390
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management , .391
1995-1996 Waste Management Data for Federal Facilities 396
Facilities with Large Increases and Decreases in Waste Management,
1995-1996 396
1994-1996 TRI Data for Federal Facilities.. 397
On- and Off-site Releases 397
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management 400
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Contents
Facilities with Large Increases and Decreases in Releases, 1994-1996 400
1994-1996 Waste Management Data for Federal Facilities 402
Facilities with Large Increases and Decreases in Waste Management,
1994-1996 405
CHAPTER 10 — EXHIBITS
Table 10-1. Summary of TRI Information by Agency, 1996: Federal Facilities 376
Table 10-2. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996: Federal Facilities 377
Table 10-3. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, 1996: Federal Facilities 379
Table 10-4, TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, 1996:
Federal Facilities ,.. , 380
Table 10-5. Summary of TRI Information by State, 1996: Federal Facilities 382
Table 10-6. The 15 Chemicals with the Largest Total On-site and Off-site
Releases, 1996: Federal Facilities (in Rank Order) 383
Table 10-7. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of OSHA Carcinogens, 1996:
Federal Facilities (in Rank Order) 385
Table 10-8. Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, 1996: Federal Facilities 386
Table 10-9. Current Year and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste,
1996-1998: Federal Facilities 388
Table 10-10. Number of Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity, 1996:
Federal Facilities 389
Table 10-12. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, 1995-1996: Federal Facilities 393
Table 10-11. Comparison of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases,
Other On-site Waste Management, and Transfers Off-site
for Further Waste Management, 1995-1996: Federal Facilities 391
Table 10-13. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, 1995-1996: Federal Facilities 394
Table 10-14. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management,
1995-1996: Federal Facilities , 395
Table 10-15. TRI Waste Management Data, 1995-1996: Federal Facilities 398
Table 10-16. Comparison of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases,
•Other On-site Waste Management, and Transfers for Further
Waste Management, 1994-1996: Federal Facilities 399
Table 10-17. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Agency, 1994-1996:
Federal Facilities 401
Table 10-18. TRI Other On-site Waste Management by Agency,
1994-1996: Federal Facilities 404
Table 10-19. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management,
by Agency, 1994-1996: Federal Facilities 406
Table 10-20. TRI Waste Management Data, 1994-1996: Federal Facilities 407
Figure 10-1. Distribution of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996:
Federal Facilities , 377
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Contents
Figure 10-2. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996: Federal Facilities
(Agencies with Largest Totals) 378
Figure 10-3. Distribution of TRI Other On-site Waste Management, 1996:
Federal Facilities 379
Figure 10-4. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, 1996:
Federal Facilities (Agencies with Largest Totals) 381
Figure 10-5. Distribution of TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management, 1996: Federal Facilities 381
Figure 10-6. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, 1996:
Federal Facilities (Agencies with Largest Totals) 383
Figure 10-7. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of OHSA Carcinogens, 1996:
Federal Facilities (Agencies with Largest Totals) 386
Figure 10-8. Distribution of TRI Production-related Waste, 1996: Federal Facilities 387
Figure 10-9. Distribution of Production-related Waste, 1996: Federal Facilities 387
Figure 10-10. Percentage Changes in On-site and Off-site Releases, 1995-1996:
Federal Facilities 390
Figure 10-11. Percentage Change in On-site and Off-site Releases, 1994-1996:
Federal Facilities 400
Box 10-1. Federal Agencies Reporting to TRI 376
Box 10-2. Correction to TRI Other On-site Waste Management Data,
1995-1996: Federal Facilities 392
Box 10-3. Corrected On-site Waste Management Quantities, 1994-1996:
Federal Facilities 403
Map 10-1. Total On- and Off-site Releases, 1996: Federal Facilities 384
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A — EPA REGIONAL OFFICE AND STATE TRI CONTACTS A-1
EPA Regional Section 313 Coordinators A-1
State TRI Public Contacts A-3
APPENDIX B — PUBLIC ACCESS TO THE TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY
AND RELATED INFORMATION B-1
Accessing Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) Products and Services B-2
Products B-2
Assistance Services B-5
Online Services B-6
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Contents
APPENDIX C — ADDITIONAL INFORMATION FOR ASSESSING THE
IMPACTS OF TRI CHEMICALS C-1
Hazard Data Availability on High Production Volume (HPV) TRI Chemicals C-1
Screening Information System/LAN (SIS/L) C-7
SIS/L Information Lists „ , C-8
APPENDIX C — EXHIBITS
Table A. Hazard Data Availability of U.S. High Production Volume TRI
Chemicals C-2
Table B. Hazard Data Availability for U.S. High Production Volume (HPV) TRI
Chemicals C-5
Table C. Hazard Data Availability for U.S. High Production Volume (HPV) TRI
Chemicals: Total On-and Off-site Releases in Excess of
1 Million Pounds C-6
Table D. Screening Information System/LAN C-9
Figure A. Hazard Data Availability for U.S. High Production Volume (HPV) TRI
Chemical , C-6
Figure B. Hazard Data Availability for U.S. High Production Volume (HPV) TRI
Chemicals: Total On-and Off-site Releases in Excess of
1 Million Pounds C-7
APPENDIX D — TRI FORM RAND FORM A FOR 1996 , D-1
FormR D-1
Form A Certification Statement , D-1
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Contents
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Chapter 1
Toxics Release Inventory Reporting
and the 1996 Public Data Release
Introduction
With the release of this report, we bring to a close
the first decade of TRI reporting and informed
public involvement in the environmental decisions
made by governments and industry. It has been a
tremendously successful and challenging 10 years
and the results speak loudly for themselves.
Industries have reduced their on- and off-site
releases of TRI chemicals by almost 50% or 1.5
billion pounds. Governments—federal, state, and
local—have used the TRI to set priorities, measure
progress, and target areas of special and immediate
concern. The public, perhaps our most important
customer, has used the TRI data to understand their
local environment, to participate in local and
national debates about the choices being made that
effect their health and the health of their children
and, ultimately, has used the power of information
A Roadmap to the 1996 TRI Public Data Release
Chapter 1 articulates the purpose for the report and highlights new approaches to this year's data release. It also provides
an overview of TRI reporting, describing who reports, what is reported, and the benefits and limitations of the data. It
reviews the three-phase expansion of TRI's coverage of chemicals and industries, and looks at future modifications being
considered. Chapter 1 concludes with guidance on obtaining additional TRI information. Note Revised Presentation of
TRI Data on page 3 of this Introduction.
Chapter 2 presents an overview of the 1996 TRI data. To help put the data in context, it supplies more extensive definitions
of releases and other waste management activities, and it offers information TRI users should consider in examining and
analyzing TRI data. This chapter summarizes TRI data nationwide and presents more detailed analyses by state and by
chemical. It also examines waste management data as a whole. Chapter 3 presents 1996 data in comparison to earlier
reporting years.
Chapter 4 gives a comprehensive view of industry data in TRI and introduces the industry-specific chapters that have
been added to this year's analyses. Chapters 5-10 examine five priority industrial sectors, plus reporting by federal
facilities. See Expanded Analysis of 1996 Industry Data on page 3 of this Introduction.
In summer 1998, EPA will publish a completion of the expanded industry analyses, covering the remaining 15 sectors.
Box 1 -1. A Road map to the 1996 TRI Public Data Release
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Chapter 1—TRI Reporting and the 1996 Public Data Release
to exert their influence on the outcome of these
debates.
Since 1987, the first year of TRI reporting, the TRI
and the Right-to-Know Program has grown. The
number of chemicals has doubled, federal facilities
have been added, new sectors come on line with the
1998 reporting year and our progress in providing
TRI data to the public is coming close to matching
our commitment to an open and transparent
environmental decision making process. The
Agency applauds those who have worked with us to
assure that we met the challenge that EPCRA
posed, and we encourage those who continue to
push us to assure and maintain the integrity and
goals of the Program.
As we move into the next decade, many challenges
in the Right-to-Know Program remain to be met.
TRI was designed to be a program that would
evolve, over tune, to meet the changing needs of an
informed and involved public. The program will
never be static and will never be "finished." As
new chemicals of concern are identified, they will
be added. Sectors that appear to contribute
significantly to environmental loadings will be
added. Data collection will be modified to meet
new information needs and access technologies will
be developed over time to assure enhanced public
access.
TRI Background
Following a fatal chemical-release accident in
Bhopal, India, the Emergency Planning and
Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA) provi-
sions were enacted to promote emergency planning,
to minimize the effects of an accident such as
occurred at Bhopal, and to provide the public with
information on releases of toxic chemicals in their
communities.
Section 313 of EPCRA established the Toxics
Release Inventory (TRI) Program, a national
database that identifies facilities, chemicals
manufactured and used at the identified facility, and
the annual amounts of these chemicals released (in
routine operations and in accidents and other one-
time events) and otherwise managed on- and off-
site in waste.
In 1990, Congress passed the Pollution Prevention
Act (PPA). Among its requirements was a mandate
to expand TRI to include additional information on
toxic chemicals in waste and on source reduction
methods. Beginning in 1991, covered facilities
were required to report quantities of TRI chemicals
recycled, combusted for energy recovery, and
treated on- and off-site. This waste management
data has strengthened TRI as a tool for providing
information on facilities' handling of TRI chemi-
cals as well as for analyzing progress in reducing
releases.
The 1996 Toxics Release Inventory Public Data
Release (PDR) provides an overview of the information
collected through TRI. It summarizes data collected for
calendar year 1996. For comparison purposes, this
report also provides basic data for the two preceding
years (1994 and 1995), for the period since the PPA
mandated collection of waste management data (1991),
and for the baseline year (1988). TRI's on-line
computer database and CD-ROM contain data
collected for all years, including those not found in this
report.
1996 Public Data Release
Balancing TRI's aim to quickly provide information
to the public and to offer meaningful analysis of the
data collected, EPA will publish the 1996 data in two
parts:
Release 1:1996 State Fact Sheets book and this
1996 Public Data Release volume, including
chapters on five priority industries (plus federal
facilities): paper and allied products (SIC code
26); chemicals and allied products (SIC code 28);
petroleum refining and related industries
(SIC code 29); primary metal industries (SIC
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Chapter 1—TRI Reporting and the 1996 Public Data Release
code 33); and electronic and other electrical
equipment and components, except computer
equipment (SIC code 36).
Release 2, summer 1998: The additional 15
industry chapters: food and kindred products (SIC
code 20); tobacco products (SIC code 21); textile
mill products (SIC code 22); apparel and other
finished products made from fabrics and similar
materials (SIC code 23); lumber and wood
products, except furniture (SIC code 24); furniture
and fixtures (SIC code 25); printing, publishing,
and allied industries (SIC code 27); rubber and
miscellaneous plastics products (SIC code 30);
leather and leather products (SIC code 31); stone,
clay, glass, and concrete products (SIC code 32);
fabricated metal products, except machinery and
transportation equipment (SIC code 34); industrial
and commercial machinery and computer
equipment (SIC code 35); transportation
equipment (SIC code 37); measuring, analyzing,
and controlling instruments; photographic, medical,
and optical goods, watches and clocks (SIC code
38); and miscellaneous manufacturing industries
(SIC code 39) will be released to the public in me
summer of 1998, With these 15, all SIC codes
reported in 1996 will have been subject to analysis.
Expanded Analysis of
1996 Industry Data
As evident in this two-part publication schedule,
EPA is expanding the industry analysis portions of
the TRI data release. Industry-specific chapters in
this report examine TRI data for five priority
sectors, as designated by two-digit Standard Indus-
trial Classification (SIC) codes. These chapters set
the TRI data in a context of economic, regulatory,
and technological developments that influence
industry-wide releases, transfers, and waste man-
agement. In addition, this data release analyzes
reporting by industrial activities within each sector
at the four-digit SIC code level. A similar chapter
reviews reporting by federal facilities.
This industry-by-industry focus permits a more
detailed view of the sources of environmental
releases of TRI chemicals, a closer perspective on
industrial progress in reducing them, and a better
understanding of industry practices in generating
and managing TRI chemicals in waste. This sector-
based approach supports sector-based assessments
of future prevention and technology needs, and
will, ultimately, enable goal-setting within sectors
and across facilities.
Revised Presentation of TRI Data
This public release of TRI data departs from
previous practice in presenting information from
the TRI database. Previous data release
publications have essentially followed TRPs
reporting form (Form R) in organizing the data: on-
site releases by environmental medium (Section 5
of Form R), off-site transfers by type (Section 6),
and waste management by type (Section 8). TRI
has collected release data and certain transfer data
from its inception. Additional waste management
data were added to the inventory in 1991 as a result
of the PPA. This history is reflected in the structure
of the reporting form and, therefore, in earlier
presentations of data.
This year, however, the data are organized in
keeping with the nature of the information rather
than their origins on the reporting form. This results
in two general categories: releases and waste
management. Specifically, data tables in this year's
report present:
4 On- and off-site releases
- On-site releases (Section 5 of Form R)
- Off-site releases (transfers off-site to
disposal, from Section 6)
*• Other waste management
- On-site waste management, excluding on-
site releases (from Section 8)
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Chapter 1—TRI Reporting and the 1996 Public Data Release
- Transfers off-site for further waste
management (Section 6, except transfers to
disposal)
- Total production-related waste (sum of all
quantities reported in Section 8, except one-
time events such as accidents or remediation
activities)
Additions to 1996 TR! Public Data
Release
In response to requests for additional information
relating to chemicals reported to TRI, the 1996 TRI
Public Data Release has been augmented with a
number of new sections that will enable the public to
gain a better perspective on the TRI data and to begin
to assess the impacts of the release of these chemicals
into the environment The new sections include data on
chemical releases from some diffuse sources (sources
other than those facilities that are required to report
under the TRI), as well as information on a number
of tools to help assess the impacts of chemical
releases on the environment These tools include
information on the availability of toxicity data (the
Screening Information Data Set (SIDS)) on high
production volume chemicals, EPA's Screening
Information System/LAN (SIS/L), and EPA's Act
Locally catalogue. Each of these new sections are
described in more detail below.
Availability of Screening Information
Data Set (SIDS) Testing
The Screening Information Data Sets (SIDS) is an
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and
Development (OECD) program where data on high
production volume (HFV) chemicals are collected and
shared. OECD member countries work cooperatively
to select chemicals to be investigated; collect
information from government and industry files;
complete the agreed-upon Screening Information Data
Set (SIDS) testing; make an initial assessment of the
potential hazards and risks of each chemical; and
identify the priority for additional international
efforts (e.g., post-SIDS testing or exposure
information gathering). International authorities
have agreed that six basic tests are necessary for a
minimum understanding of a chemical's toxicity.
These tests cover acute toxicity, chronic toxicity,
developmental and reproductive toxicity,
mutagenicity, eeotoxicity, and environmental fate.
EPA's Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics
(OPPT) is playing an integral role representing the
U.S. Government in the SIDS Program. OPPT is
committed to making non-confidential chemical
information available to the public and promoting
information sharing with industry and the scientific
community. As part of this project, EPA has
conducted a data availability survey to determine what
SIDS data is available for high production volume
chemicals, including those on the TRI. The results of
the survey for the TRI chemicals are presented in
Appendix C.
As sponsoring countries complete the SIDS process
for HPV chemicals, OPPT is converting the
documents into electronic formats under a pilot image
processing technology project to augment information
sharing and provide greater accessibility to the final
version of the SIDS documents. The chemical industry
in the U.S. and other OECD member countries fully
supports the OECD HPV work and sharing of the
results. The SIDS Program will enable industry to
avoid duplicative testing in fulfilling requirements of
various countries.
Screening Information System/LAN
(SIS/L)
The SIS/L (Screening Information System/LAN)
will enable me public to track chemicals across
major OPPT, EPA and federal government
databases, information systems, and document
collections that contain information on production
and use; release, exposure and monitoring;
toxicity and hazard; and risk. Users will be able to
search for chemicals by both CAS number and
chemical name. Acting as a platform for multiple
data sources, SIS/L will provide access to
chemical information lists and databases
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Chapter 1—TRI Reporting and the 1996 Public Data Release
regardless of their origin. EPA is currently working
to make SIS/L available on EPA's public access
home .page as a valuable information source for
EPA, other federal agencies, state and local
governments, public interest groups, research
organizations, non-governmental organizations,
industry, and the public.
More information relating to SIS/L and resources
available through SIS/L is found in Appendix C of
this publication. (See Appendix C.)
Act Locally Catalogue
Act Locally is an online catalogue that describes
tools, resources, and programs that assist
communities in pollution prevention. This
catalogue developed by EPA's Office of
Prevention, Pesticides, and Toxic Substances
(OPPTS) provides information on the
characteristics and effects of pesticides and
industrial chemicals, and includes: databases;
computer programs for chemical screening; funding
resources; access to information hotline; and
descriptions of programs and initiatives that may be
useful in protecting local environments.
Act Locally describes activities developed by
OPPTS mat are compatible with the Agency's
community-based environmental protection
(CBEP) goals and initiatives. In addition, it
describes OPPTS products that are useful tools for
supporting CBEP activities in large and small
communities. These tools can help communities
learn about potential chemical risks, and can be
used to develop strategies to mitigate those risks
and help improve the local environment Act
Locally is available online at www.epa.gov/
opptintr/cbep/actlocal/index,html and can be
reviewed, printed, or downloaded. The online site
also has hyperlinks to other OPPTS and related
resources. A published version of Act Locally is
expected by late summer 1998.
More information relating to Act Locally and
resources available through Act Locally is found in
Appendix B of this publication. (See Appendix B.)
Diffuse Sources
The 1996 TRI Public Data Release includes a new
section on diffuse sources that provides more
information on three types of chemical releases not
reported to TRI — fertilizer use, pesticide use, and
volatile organic compounds (VOCs), While TRI
provides key environmental data, it has certain
limitations. Although additional sectors will begin
reporting to TRI for the 1998 reporting year, TRI to
date has covered only the manufacturing sector and,
since 1994, federal facilities. Releases of chemicals
from the manufacturing sector represent a significant,
but limited, portion of all chemicals released into the
environment, that is, they do not account for the
releases associated with many of the post-
manufacturing uses of chemicals. For example,
manufacturers of fertilizers and pesticides must report
their releases, transfers, and waste management to TRI,
but the subsequent application and release of these
chemicals by the agricultural sector are not captured in
TRI. Similarly, the release of VOCs from nonindustrial
and mobile sources is not captured in TRI. Therefore,
EPA has assembled some data on releases from these
sources not captured by TRI in order to put the TRI
data in better perspective. This information is presented
in Chapter 2.
TRI Reporting
The Toxics Release Inventory is a publicly avail-
able database that contains information on specific
toxic chemical releases and other waste manage-
ment activities from the manufacturing sector of the
U.S. economy and, since 1994, federal facilities.
This inventory was established under the Emer-
gency Planning and Community Right-to-Know
Act of 1986 (EPCRA). Following passage of the
Pollution Prevention Act of 1990, TRI was
expanded to include mandatory reporting of
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Chapter 1—TRI Reporting and tfie 1996 Public Data Release
additional waste management and pollution
prevention activities.
The Information collected under these laws can be
used by the public to identity facilities and
chemical release patterns that warrant further study
and analysis. Combined with hazard and exposure
information, TRI has proven to be a valuable tool
for risk identification.
Each year, facilities that meet certain thresholds
must report their releases and other waste manage-
ment activities for listed toxic chemicals to EPA
and to the state or tribal entity in whose jurisdiction
the facility is located. The TRI list for 1996
included more than 600 chemicals and 28 chemical
categories. Each facility submits a TRI reporting
form, known as Form R, for each TRI chemical it
has manufactured, processed, or otherwise used in
amounts exceeding the thresholds for 1996. Starting
with the 1995 reporting year, facilities with lower
levels of reportable amounts that do not manufac-
ture, process, or otherwise use more than 1 million
pounds of the chemical can file a much shorter
certification statement, Form. A (see section on
TRI Reporting Forms later in this chapter).
Reports for each calendar year are due by July 1 of
the following year. After completion of data entry
and data quality assurance activities, the Agency
makes the data available to the public in printed
reports, in a computer database, and through a
variety of other information products such as
CD-ROMs. States also make available to the public
copies of the forms filed by facilities in their juris-
diction. In addition, some states independently
produce a data release report.
Who Must Report?
Manufacturing facilities that have the equivalent of
10 or more full-time employees and meet the
established thresholds for manufacturing, process-
ing, or "otherwise use" listed chemicals must report
their releases, transfers, and waste management
quantities. Manufacturing facilities are defined as
Box 1-2. Who Reported Toxic Chemical Release
Inventory Reports for the 1996 Reporting Year?
Who Reported Toxic Chemical Release
Inventory Reports for the 1996
Reporting Year?
A facility must report to TRI if it.
• Conducts manufacturing operations within
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes 20
through 39 (or is a federal facility ui any SIC code),
• Has 10 or more foil-time equivalent employees, and
Manufactures or processes more than 25,000
pounds or otherwise uses more than 10,000
pounds of any listed chemical during the calendar
year.
facilities in Standard Industrial Classification (SIC)
primary codes 20-39, which include, among others;
chemicals, petroleum refining, primary metals,
fabricated metals, paper, plastics, and
transportation equipment. Federal facilities have
been required to report since 1994, regardless of
their SIC classification.
In May 1997, EPA added seven new industry
sectors that will report to the TRI for the first time
in My 1999 for reporting year 1998. Thresholds
for manufacturing and processing are currently
25,000 pounds for each listed chemical, while the
threshold for "otherwise using" is 10,000 pounds
per chemical. Beginning with the 1995 reporting
year, certain facilities are able to take advantage of
a burden-reducing reporting threshold. (See "Form
A" in TRI Reporting Forms, later in this chapter.)
What Must Be Reported?
Each year, facilities report to TRI the amounts of
toxic chemicals released on-site to the air,, water,
and land and injected underground (Section 5 of
TRI Form R)3 and the amounts of chemicals
transferred off-site for recycling, energy recovery,
treatment, and disposal (Section 6 of Form R).
They also report production-related waste
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Chapter 1—TRI Reporting and the 1996 Public Data Release
Box 1-3. Who Will Report to TRI Starting in the 1998
Reporting Year?
Who Will Report to TRI Starting
in the 1998 Reporting Year?
Metal mining (SIC code 10 except for SIC codes
1011,1081, and 1094)
Coalmining (SIC code 12 except for extraction
activities)
Electrical utilities that combust coal and/or oil (SIC
codes 493 land 4939)
Resource Conversation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
Subtitle C hazardous waste treatment and disposal
fecilities (SICcode4953)
Chemicals and allied products wholesale distribu-
tors (SIC code 5169)
Petroleum bulk plants and terminals (SIC code
5171)
Solvent recovery services (SIC code 7389)
management information on quantities recycled,
combusted for energy recovery, treated, or released
or otherwise disposed of, both on- and off-site, and
catastrophic or other one-time releases (Section 8 of
Form R). To some extent, data in Sections 5,6, and
7 of Form R and those in Section 8 represent a
different view of essentially the same information.
Facilities provide specific identifying information,
such as:
* Name
» Location
• Type of business
• Contact names
• Name of parent company
• Environmental permit numbers
They also provide information about the manufac-
ture, process, and otherwise use of the listed
chemical at the facility and the maximum amount
of the chemical on-site during the year. Facilities
Box 1-4. What Must Be Reported to TRI?
What Must Be Reported?
Information reported by facilities includes:
* Basic information identifying the facility;
« Name and telephone number of a contact
person;
• Environmental permits held;
* Amounts of each listed chemical released to
the environment at the facility;
* Amounts of each chemical shipped from the
facility to other locations for recycling, energy
recovery, treatment, or disposal;
* Amounts of each chemical recycled, burned
for energy recovery, or treated at the facility;
• Maximum amount of chemical present on-site
at me facility during the year;
• Types of activities conducted at the facility
involving the toxic chemical; and
* Source reduction activities.
provide information about methods used to treat
waste streams containing the toxic chemicals at the
site and the efficiencies of those treatment methods.
In addition to information about the amount of
toxic chemicals sent off-site for waste management,
facilities also must specify the destination of these
transfers. Beginning with the 1991 reports,
facilities were required to provide information
about source reduction activities, along with the
quantities managed in waste by activities such as
recycling. Companies must provide a production
index that can help relate changes in reported
quantities of toxic chemicals in waste to changes in
production.
These additional data elements facilitate tracking of
industry progress in reducing waste generation and
moving towards safer management alternatives.
While current TRI data cannot provide an absolute
measure of pollution prevention, the data can
provide new insight into the complete toxics cycle.
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Chapter 1—TRI Reporting and the 1996 Public Data Release
What Are the Benefits and
Limitations of the Data?
We believe that people know what's best for
their own communities and, given the facts,
they themselves will determine what is best
to protect public health and the
environment,
—Carol Browner, U.S. EPA Administrator
Benefits
The TRI Program has given the public unprece-
dented direct access to toxic chemical release and
other waste management data at the local, state,
regional, and national level. Responsible use of this
information can enable the public to identify
potential concerns, gain a better understanding of
potential risks, and work with industry and govern-
ment to reduce toxic chemical releases and the risks
associated with them. When combined with hazard
and exposure data, this information can allow
informed environmental priority-setting at the local
level. More than 1,500 citizen groups have used
TRI data to achieve the goal of a cleaner and
healthier neighborhood.
Federal, state, and local governments can use the
data to compare facilities or geographic areas, to
identify hot spots, to evaluate existing environ-
mental programs, to more effectively set regulatory
priorities, and to track pollution control and waste
reduction progress. TRI data, in conjunction with
demographic data, can help government agencies
and the public identify potential environmental
justice concerns.
Industry can use the data to obtain an overview of
the release and management of toxic chemicals, to
identify and reduce costs associated with toxic
chemicals in waste, to identify promising areas of
pollution prevention, to establish reduction targets,
and to measure and document progress toward
reduction goals. Public availability of the data has
8
prompted many facilities to work with communities
to develop effective strategies for reducing
environmental and human health risks posed by
toxic chemical releases. Since 1988, facilities have
reduced toxic releases, on- and off-site, by 45.6%,
for chemicals reportable in all years.
Completion of Phase 1 of TRI expansion in the
1995 reporting year has significantly increased the
usefulness of the data. The scope of the program
was broadened to include 286 new chemicals and
chemical categories' on the toxic chemical list for a
total of 643 reportable chemicals and chemical
categories. Many of these new chemicals are high
production volume (HPV) chemicals and highly
toxic substances. (See TRI Expansion later in this
chapter for more information.)
Recognizing that the manufacturing sector is not
the only industrial sector releasing toxic chemicals
to the environment or otherwise managing them as
waste, EPA undertook a thorough review of all U.S.
industrial sectors. This effort, Phase 2 of TRI
expansion, focused particular attention on sectors
linked to manufacturing—those providing energy,
further managing products, or further managing
waste from the manufacturing sector. On May 1,
1997, EPA published a final rule expanding TRI's
industry coverage. As a result of this effort, EPA
added seven industry sectors: metal mining, coal
mining, electrical utilities that combust coal and/or
oil, hazardous waste treatment and disposal facili-
ties, chemical wholesale distributors, petroleum
bulk stations and terminals, and solvent recovery
services. Facilities in these industries will begin
reporting in July 1999 for the year 1998.
EPA believes this action will greatly enhance
communities' Right-to-Know by requiring TRI
reports from an estimated 6,600 additional facili-
ties. EPA is conducting an aggressive outreach
1 Of the 286 chemicals, 20 werednsocyanates and 19 werepolyaromatie
compounds These are reported not as individual chemicals, but as two
chemical compound categories Not individually counting the members of
these two categories converts 286 to 249 Furthermore, three other
chemicals have been remanded, and one chemical was not reportable
because of an administrative stay Thus, the number of chemicals added to
TRIm 1995, that were reportable in 1996, was 245
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Chapter 1—TRI Reporting and the 199S Public Data Release m
campaign, including guidance, training, and tech-
nical assistance, to assist these new industries in
understanding their reporting obligations. In addi-
tion, as a result of a Presidential Executive Order,
federal facilities have been required to report since
1994.
Limitations
While TRI provides the public, industry, and state
and local governments an invaluable source of key
environmental data, it has some limitations that
must be considered when using the data. Through
the 1997 reporting year, the program applies to
industries in the manufacturing sector and those
owned by the federal government. It, therefore,
does not cover all sources of releases and other
waste management activities of TRI chemicals.
With finalization of the facility expansion rule,
industries providing energy, further managing
products, or further managing waste from the
manufacturing sector will also report. Although
TRI is successful in capturing information on a
significant portion of toxic chemicals currently
being used by covered industry sectors, it does not
cover all toxic chemicals or all industry sectors, nor
will it do so after the facility expansion takes effect
In addition, facilities that do not meet the TRI
threshold levels (those with fewer than 10 full-time
employees or those not meeting TRI quantity
thresholds) are not required to report. Thus, while
the TRI includes 71,381 reports from 21,626
facilities for 1996, the 2.43 billion pounds of on-
and off-site releases reported represent only a
portion of all toxic chemical releases nationwide.
Another limitation of the existing TRI Program is
that the data currently collected provide limited
information on the life cycle of chemicals used by
facilities. Beyond reporting on releases and other
waste management, only limited and very general
information on chemical storage is provided and
none on the toxicity of the chemicals. In addition,
although this report attempts to put certain releases
in a broader context (such as pesticides, volatile
organic compounds, and fertilizers), TRI does not
Box 1-5. Factors to Consider in Using TRI Data
Factors to Consider in Using TRI Data
Toxicity of the Chemical: TRI chemicals vary widely
in their ability to produce toxic effects. Some high-
volume releases of less toxic chemicals may appear to
be a more serious problem than lower-volume releases
of highly toxic chemicals, when just the opposite may
be true,
Exposure Considerations: The potential for
exposure is greater the longer the chemical remains
unchanged in the environment Sunlight, heat, or
microorganisms may or may not decompose the
chemical. For example, microorganisms readily
degrade some chemicals, such as methanol, into less
toxic chemicals, whereas metals are persistent and
will not degrade when released to the environment.
Type of Release (Environmental Medium):
Chemical exposure of a population depends on the
environmental medium (air, water, land, etc.) to which a
chemical is released. The medium also affects the types
of exposures possible, such as inhalation, dermal
exposure, or ingestion
account for toxic emissions from cars and trucks
and from many other non-industrial sources.
Furthermore, facilities report estimated data to TRI,
and the program does not mandate that they moni-
tor their releases. Various estimation techniques are
used when monitoring data are not available, and
EPA has published estimation guidance for the
regulated community. Variations between facilities
can result from the use of different estimation
methodologies. These factors should be taken into
account when considering data accuracy and
comparability.
As discussed above, the TRI data summarized in
this report reflect chemical releases and other waste
management activities that occurred in the 1996
calendar year. Patterns of releases and other waste
management activities can change dramatically
from one year to the next. Thus, it is important to
recognize that current facility activities may be
different from those reported for 1996.
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Chapter 1—TRt Reporting and the 1996 Public Data Release
TRI reports reflect releases and other waste man-
agement activities of chemicals, not exposures of
the public to those chemicals.
Release estimates alone are not sufficient to
determine exposure or to calculate potential adverse
effects on human health and the environment.
Although additional information is necessary to
assess exposure and risk, TRI data can be used to
identify areas of potential concern. Furthermore,
TRI data, in conjunction with other information,
can be used as a starting point in evaluating
exposures that may result from releases and other
waste management activities of toxic chemicals.
The determination of potential risk depends upon
many factors, including the toxicity of the chemi-
cal, the fate of the chemical after it is released, the
locality of the release, and the human or other
populations that are exposed to the chemical after
its release.
TRI In Perspective
TRI has achieved tremendous results. The public
now has a much better picture of toxic chemical
risks in their communities, while industry and
government have better data for identifying oppor-
tunities and measuring successes in preventing
pollution. The sections below provide an overview
of recent and proposed expansions to TRI. These
expansions allow TRI to provide even more valu-
able information to the general public and industry.
TRI Expansion
There are few who would disagree that the 1987
Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-
Know Act (EPCRA) provisions have proven to be
among the most successful stimuli for reducing the
amount of toxic chemicals that enter the environ-
ment. TRI, specifically, has focused public and
industry attention on the billions of pounds of toxic
materials that are released directly into our air, our
land and our water, or injected underground, or are
10
recycled, burned for energy recovery or otherwise
treated. While all releases are not equal, and some
may not lend themselves to reduction or elimina-
tion, the TRI has forced a hard look at our approach
to the use of toxic chemicals. This hard look has
been beneficial. Between 1988, TRI's baseline
year, and 1996, industrial on- and off-site releases
have decreased 45.6%, from 3.35 billion pounds to
1.82 billion pounds, for chemicals reportable in all
years (see Chapter 3 for additional information).
This reduction reflects the hard work of manufac-
turing facilities that have refined their processes,
looked for source reduction opportunities, assured
outstanding housekeeping practices and worked to
minimize the footprint they leave on their
surrounding environment. Designed to be non-
intrusive, TRI has provided the guide for all to use
when seeking areas for environmental
improvement.
One valid criticism of the program has been the
limited breadth and depth of its chemical, facility
and data coverage. In 1987, when the Congress
passed EPCRA, 300-plus chemicals and chemical
categories were presented as the "TRI Chemical
List." This list combined two existing chemical
lists: the New Jersey Environmental Hazardous
Substance List and the Maryland Chemical Inven-
tory Report List. Over time, through the EPA's
petition process, the original list has been modified
as the Agency responded to petitions to add and
delete chemicals, given the law's toxicity listing
criteria. These criteria focus on both acute and
chronic health effects as well as environmental
, effects. TRI's coverage of facilities has been
limited to the manufacturing sector (SIC codes 20-
39), required to report under EPCRA section 313.
Finally, data coverage was initially confined to
information on releases and certain transfers off-
site for further waste management.
Over time, EPA has worked to expand TRI to cover
other industrial sectors, other chemicals that have
similar adverse impacts on our environment, r
further information about facilities' use of toxiv
chemicals. Towards that end, the Agency has
pursued an expansion strategy that would enlarge
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Chapter 1—TRI Reporting and the 1996 Public Data Release
the boundaries of TRJ in several directions. EPA
has pursued a three-phase approach to "broaden the
scope of TRI: chemical expansion, facility expan-
sion, and chemical use reporting. EPA's recent
actions include a significant expansion of the
number of chemicals in the program to give the
public a more complete picture of toxic chemicals
in their communities. At the same time, EPA
provided a burden reducing option (Form A) for
facilities with lower levels of reportable amounts.
In Phase 2, EPA has expanded the facilities report-
ing to TRI. The third phase addresses a broader
range of information about facilities' use of TRI
chemicals.
Phase 1: Chemical Expansion
The Phase 1 Expansion included two major actions.
The first occurred in 1993 with the addition of
certain Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
(RCRA) chemicals and certain hydrochlorofluoro-
carbons (HCFCs) to EPCRA section 313.
The second action of this phase was the addition of
286 chemicals and chemical categories on Novem-
ber 30, 1994 (59FR 61432). These 286 additional
chemicals can be characterized as high or moder-
ately high in toxicity, and they are currently manu-
factured, processed, or otherwise used in the U.S.
This expansion of the chemical list raised the
number of chemicals and chemical categories
reported to TRJ to over 600. Specifically, the rule
added more than 150 pesticides, certain Clean Air
Act chemicals, certain Clean Water Act Priority
Pollutants, and certain Safe Drinking Water Act
chemicals. Many of the chemicals are carcinogens,
reproductive toxicants, or developmental toxicants.
Of particular note is the addition of industrial
chemicals such as diisocyanates, n-hexane, n-
methylpyrrolodone, and chemicals such as
polycyclic aromatic compounds that result from the
combustion of fuels. This 1996 data release is the
second year facilities have reported on these added
chemicals.
While this constituted a major component of the
chemical expansion, the TRI chemical list is always
fluid and dynamic. EPA continues to review other
chemicals for addition, including chemicals that
were proposed for addition but not listed in 1994
because of the lack of available data. Other chemi-
cals under consideration include, for example,
persistent bioaccumulators. EPA may also add or
delete a number of chemicals each year through the
petition process. Chemicals may be added or
deleted according to the toxicity criteria outlined in
sections 313(c) and (d) of EPCRA.
Phase 2: Facility Expansion
Since the enactment of EPCRA, the TRI Program
has focused on the releases and other waste man-
agement activities of the manufacturing sector—
facilities classified as being primarily in SIC codes
20-39. To provide the public with a more complete
picture of the toxics in their community, EPA
undertook a detailed examination of outer, non-
manufacturing industries to determine which may
be significant generators of toxic chemical releases
and wastes. Factors used to evaluate which indus-
tries would be considered for this expansion
included other available data on toxic chemical
releases and other waste management activities, the
interrelationship of non-manufacturing operations
to manufacturing operations, the degree to which
reporting would be expected to occur and the
potential burden that TRI reporting might impose
on these facilities.
j
As a result of its assessments, EPA added seven
industry sectors to TRI in May 1997. The sectors
are:
• Metal mining (SIC code 10 except for SIC
codes 1011, mining of iron ores; 1081 metal
mining services on a contract or fee basis,
such as drilling or exploration and develop-
ment; and 1094, mining of uranium-radium-
vanadium ores);
• Coal mining (SIC code 12 except for 1241
and extraction activities);
» Electrical utilities that combust coal and/or
oil (SIC codes 4911, 4931 and 4939);
11
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Chapter 1—TRI Reporting and the 1996 Public Data Release
• RCRA subtitle C hazardous waste treatment
and disposal facilities (SIC code 4953);
* Chemicals and allied products wholesale
distributors (SIC code 5169);
• Petroleum bulk plants and terminals (SIC
code 5171); and
• Solvent recovery services (SIC code 7389),
The first reports from these facilities are due July 1,
1999» for the 1998 reporting year. As part of this
rule, EPA revised its interpretation of otherwise use
to clarify that the treatment for destruction, stabili-
zation, and disposal of toxic chemicals in wastes
received from other facilities is reportable. EPA
estimates that about 6,600 additional facilities will
submit more than 37,000 additional Form R reports
because of the addition of these industry groups,
EPA will continue to review other industries for
possible inclusion in the TRI Program.
Since me final rule was published, EPA has devel-
oped guidance documents to help facilities in each
of the newly added industries understand and
comply with EPCRA Section 313 requirements.
These documents were circulated to industry for
review before being made final. The final guidance
documents are available from EPA's Web site at
http://\v\v\v.epa.gov/opptintr/tri. In addition, the
Agency is conducting liaining sessions around the
country. The training sessions give an overview of
EPCRA Section 313 reporting requirements, with
training modules that provide exercises in interpre-
tation and form completion.
Phase 3: Chemical Use Reporting
TRI serves as the public's primary source of easily
accessible environmental information on a local,
regional, and national level. EPA believes that
chemical use information could expand the public's
ability to evaluate a range of important environ-
mental issues at all of these levels.
EPA has been exploring the nature, scope, and
issues involved in requiring the collection of
chemical use information. Following several public
meetings, extensive public dialogue, and publica-
tion of several issue papers, EPA issued an
Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (ANPR)
in October 1997. The purpose of the ANPR was:
1) to describe the Agency's plan to further evaluate
these issues; 2) to provide preliminary notice of
additional public meetings; 3) to request comments
and information on issues where additional assess-
ment is needed; 4) to solicit actual assessments that
have been performed using materials use data; and
5) to initiate public input concerning the develop-
ment of regulation on this issue. EPA's Phase 3
expansion to assess the utility of materials account-
ing data is commonly referred to as "chemical use
expansion."
The materials accounting information that EPA is
considering focuses on the complete life cycle of
chemicals used by TRI-covered facilities. This
includes amounts of listed chemicals entering a
facility, amounts consumed in processing activities,
amounts released on-site to all environmental
media, and amounts transferred off-site in products
or as wastes. EPA believes that chemical use data
could provide communities and government with
information to better evaluate facilities' source
reduction and pollution prevention performance, to
focus emergency planning efforts related to the
transportation of chemicals through their commu-
nities and the storage of chemicals within their
communities, to identify amounts of toxic chemi-
cals in products distributed in commerce, and to
address worker safety and health concerns.
In the course of EPA's public dialogue on chemical
use expansion, the Agency has identified several
significant issues that will require extensive review.
EPA has reviewed the comments submitted in
response to the ANPR and the issues they identify,
and is continuing to evaluate other issues as well.
The Agency anticipates a decision in mid-1998 on
the next steps for chemical use reporting.
12
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TRI Reporting Forms
Form A
While expanding chemical and industry coverage,
EPA has also provided a burden reducing option for
facilities with relatively low quantities of listed
toxic chemicals in waste. Beginning in 1995, as the
expanded chemical list went into effect, facilities
whose total annual reportable amount of a listed
toxic chemical does not exceed 500 pounds can
apply a higher activity threshold in determining
their reporting obligations. The total annual
reportable amount is defined as the sum of the
waste management categories that would be
reported to TRI: quantities released (including
disposal), recovered as a result of on-site recycling
operations, combusted on-site for energy recovery,
and treated at the facility, plus amounts transferred
off-site for recycling, energy recovery, treatment,
and disposal. These amounts correspond to total
production-related waste in this report.
If the facility does not exceed the total-production-
related amount, and does not manufacture, process,
or otherwise use more than 1 million pounds of the
listed chemical., the facility does not have to file a
Form R. Instead of filing a Form R detailing all its
releases and waste management activities, the
facility can submit a certification statement
(Form A). Form A certifies that the facility met the
conditions outlined above for the listed chemical,
but does not require reporting of any amounts of the
toxic chemical released or otherwise managed as
waste.
Revisions to Form R
In 1997, EPA made several changes to Form R for
the 1996 reporting year. Section 5.5, formerly titled
"Release to Land On-site," was renamed "Disposal
to Land On-site." This change was made to address
concerns about public misperception and to help the
public better understand the nature of various
Chapter 1—TRI Reporting and tfie 1996 Public Data Release
methods of disposal. Section 5.5 now contains five
subsections: RCRA subtitle C landfills; other
landfills; land treatment/application farming;
surface impoundment; and other disposal.
EPA also revised Form R for the 1996 reporting
year to recognize the difference in the management
and regulatory oversight provided by the Under-
ground Injection Control program of Class I wells
from other forms of injection into the land. Section
5.4 was previously titled "Underground Injections
On-site," and the 1995 guidance document specifi-
cally stated that this data element included the
"Total annual amount of the toxic chemical that [is]
injected to all wells, including Class I wells, at the
facility." On the 1996 Form R, two sections deal
with underground injection: Section 5.4.1, "Under-
ground Injection On-Site to Class I Wells," and
section 5.4.2, "Underground Injection On-Site to
Class II-V Wells." These changes provide an
opportunity to better distinguish between the
various types of underground wells.
Beginning with the 1995 reporting year, Section 5
of Form R, previously titled "Releases of the Toxic
Chemical to the Environment On-Site" was
renamed "Quantity of the Toxic Chemical Entering
Each Environmental Medium."
Future TRI Modifications
Pollution Prevention Act Reporting
Under the Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 (PPA),
EPA is required to collect information on source
reduction and recycling activities on TRI's Form R.
In September 1991, all facilities subject to TRI
reporting were required to provide the following
data:
• Quantity of the chemical (prior to recycling,
treatment, or disposal) entering any waste
stream or released to the environment;
• Quantities of the chemical recycled at the
facility and elsewhere;
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Chapter 1—TRI Reporting and the 1996 Public Data Release
* Quantities of the chemical treated at the
facility and elsewhere;
• Information on source reduction activities
and the methods used to identify those
activities;
* Quantities of the chemical released in one-
time events not associated with production
processes;
• Quantities of the chemical expected to enter
any waste stream or be recycled in future
years; and
» Production ratio or activity index for the
reported chemical.
This change in the program generated many com-
ments (regarding, for example, definitions of waste
stream, reportable recycling, and in-process recy-
cling) from industry, environmental groups, and the
public. Therefore, EPA sought to develop a consen-
sus approach through a special subcommittee of the
National Advisory Committee on Environmental
Protection and Technology (NACEPT), which was
composed of industry, environmental groups and
governmental agencies. As a result of those discus-
sions, the Agency is currently developing a supple-
mental notice of proposed rulemaking (SNPR) and
final rule.
Redesign of TRI Reporting Forms
and TRI Stakeholder Dialogue
Since 1987, EPA has used Form R to collect the
facility-specific information required by TRI. The
form has undergone a number of changes over the
years, especially in 1990 when it was redesigned to
capture the data required by the Pollution Preven-
tion Act (PPA). There have been some more recent
changes in the form, including those noted above
for reporting year 1996. Currently, several efforts
are underway to identify possible additional revi-
sions to Form R and Form A.
In May 1997, when EPA finalized the industry
expansion rule, the Vice President announced that
the Agency would initiate an intensive stakeholder
process to comprehensively evaluate the current
reporting forms (Form R and Form A) and report-
ing practices relating to the TRI Program. The goals
of this process are to improve the type of right-to-
know information available to communities and to
help streamline right-to-know reporting to ease the
paperwork burden for businesses affected by the
requirements. EPA is using the Toxics Data Report-
ing Committee (TDR) of the National Advisory
Council for Environmental Policy and Technology
(NACEPT) and additional public stakeholder
meetings to obtain input from interested parties on
these issues.
NACEPT is a federal advisory committee under the
Federal Advisory Committee Act, PL 92-463. It
provides advice and recommendations to the
Administrator of EPA on a broad range of environ-
mental policy issues. The TDR is a committee
created under NACEPT's auspices. The TDR
committee currently consists of 24 members from
industry, academia, government agencies, environ-
mental groups, environmental justice groups, labor,
and public interest groups. The committee is work-
ing to identify improvements and burden-reduction
measures in the TRI Program. The committee may
also make recommendations about how EPA
presents the data to the public. EPA will review the
recommendations received from NACEPT and use
them to make decisions about changes to the TRI
reporting forms, Form R and Form A. Changes to
the forms will be made as expeditiously as possible,
depending on whether they can be made adminis-
tratively or require notice-and-comment rule-
making. As of April 1998, four TDR Committee
meetings have been held. Three more are planned
in 1998.
In addition to the NACEPT process, EPA is obtain-
ing additional views and information from stake-
holders by holding a number of smaller meetings
for interested parties. As of April 1998, EPA has
held five public meetings to solicit comments from
stakeholders regarding the issues outlined above.
These meetings were held in Washington, DC; San
14
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Chapter 1—TRI Reporting and the 1996 Public Data Release
Francisco, CA; Chicago, IL; Dallas, TX; and New
York, NY. EPA may convene several more public
meetings in 1998. Both of these efforts are aimed
not only at reducing the burden to industry, but at
improving the quality and practical utility of the
information in the TRI Program.
Persistent Bioaccumulators
TRI currently includes information on several
persistent bioaccumulators (PBTs), and EPA is
considering adding others. EPA is also considering
lowering the reporting thresholds for these chemi-
cals because of their persistence and bioaccumu-
lative nature and the relatively small amounts being
manufactured (often below current TRI threshold
levels).
Persistent bioaccumulators are chemicals that are
stable for long periods of time (sometimes many
years), and build up in the environment, particularly
in food chains. Those PBTs on the TRI list are toxic
to humans and/or animals and plants. Small release
amounts of such chemicals, not reported to TRI
because they do not meet current reporting
thresholds, may accumulate in the environment.
Persistent bioaccumulators include high-volume
industrial chemicals, such as hexachlorobenzene,
that are used to manufacture other chemicals;
currently produced pesticides, such as lindane;
metals, such as lead and mercury compounds; and
by-products of industrial processes or products of
combustion during waste destruction or energy
generation, such as benzo(a)anthracene.
Although certain PBTs are not currently produced
in the U.S., chemical manufacturers, federal
facilities, and other industrial sources that made or
used the now-discontinued chemicals release these
PBTs during treatment and disposal activities.
Chlordane and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
are examples of chemicals not currently being
produced in the U.S., but which are being released
and reported to TRI. TRI reporting of these PBTs
may increase in the 1998 reporting year, as
treatment, storage, and disposal (TSD) facilities
Box 1-6. Some Toxic Persistent Bioaccumulators Listed
on the Toxics Release Inventory
Some Toxic Persistent Bioaccumulators
Listed on the Toxics Release Inventory
Chemical Source/Use
Chlordane Pesticide; no longer in use in the
United States
Benzo(a)anthracene Burning of coal, oil
Mercury compounds Many industrial uses
Lindane
PCBs
Pesticide; currently m use in the
United States
No longer in production, but still
found in electrical equipment
(hazardous waste management facilities) begin
reporting under the Phase 2 facility expansion rule.
Reporting of mercury releases is also expected to
increase, as electric utilities similarly begin
reporting to TRI.
Airports Petition
On April 16,1997, EPA received a petition from
the Natural Resources Defense Council, the
Defenders of Wildlife, the National Audubon
Society, and the Humane Society of the U.S.
requesting EPA to initiate rulemaking to add SIC
code 45, transportation by air, to the list of facilities
required to report to TRI. The petitioners stated that
airports should report because they meet EPA's
three criteria for adding facilities under section 313
of EPCRA. In addition, the petitioners asserted that
requiring such reporting would further the purposes
of EPCRA by making TRI information publicly
available to communities located near airports.
In response, EPA issued a Notice of Receipt and
request for comments in the Federal Register on
February 10, 1998. In the notice, the Agency
published the full text of the petition and requested
comments on 1) whether the use of TRI chemicals
would or should be exempt under the Motor
Vehicle Maintenance Exemption, 40 CFR
372.38(c), and 2) the practical impacts of requiring
15
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Chapter 1—TRl Reporting and the 1996 Public Data Release
airports to report under section 313 of EPCRA. The
Agency recognizes that if airports were required to
report under section 313 of EPCRA and 6607 of the
PPA, there could be unique reporting issues asso-
ciated with their ownership, operation, and control.
Therefore, information gathered from those who
commented on the February 10, 1998, Federal
Register notice will be instrumental in helping the
Agency determine whether to add airports as
facilities that should report to TRI.
Oil and Gas Expansion
During the facility expansion analysis, several
industry sectors were identified as sources that
routinely manage materials containing TRI-listed
toxic chemicals, but were not added in the May 1,
1997 rule. These included the oil and gas explora-
tion and production industry, which appears to be a
source that manages significant amounts of TRI
chemicals. A number of questions existed regarding
the application of EPCRA section 313 requirements
to this industry, which prevented EPA from includ-
ing it in the expansion rulemaking, but which the
Agency is now reconsidering.
International Aspects of TRI
Toxic chemical releases know no boundaries.
While TRI data provide a wealth of information
about releases, on-site waste management, and off-
site transfers of toxic chemicals within the U.S.,
information from other countries is limited. This,
however, is changing. There are an increasing
number of countries developing TRI-like systems.
The international term for these systems is Pollutant
Release and Transfer Registers (PRTRs).
The real stimulus for PRTRs was the 1992 United
Nations conference on the environment, popularly
known as the Earth Summit One conclusion from
this conference was the benefit and value of
PRTRs. Countries were encouraged to develop
these systems. In an important step, the Earth
Summit also linked these PRTR systems with
public Right-to-Know, an integral aspect of TRI.
Since 1992, there has been a growing interest in
PRTRs. The Organisation for Economic
Cooperation and Development (OECD), an
organization of 29 industrialized democracies,
created a guidance document for governments on
PRTRs. Development of this guidance manual
included the participation of representatives from
government, industry, and other non-governmental
organizations. Following the publication of this
manual in 1996, and recognizing the value and
importance of PRTR systems to environmental
protection, the OECD environment ministers issued
a Council Recommendation that encourages all
OECD nations to establish PRTR systems.
For developing nations, the United Nations Institute
for Training and Research (UNITAR) developed a
step-by-step process, with accompanying guidance
manuals, on how to implement a PRTR system. In
an initial phase, UNITAR selected three countries
to serve in a pilot program (Mexico, Czech
Republic, Egypt). The goal was to take the lessons
learned from this pilot stage to help other
industrializing nations develop PRTR systems.
Currently, PRTR work now has entered its second
stage. While the initial work, including the OECD's
guidance manual and UNITAR's pilot program,
focused on creating the framework for PRTR
development, the second stage is shifting to greater
coordination between countries and international
organizations. The OECD is hosting a PRTR
conference in Japan that will be a venue for
discussions between countries with PRTR systems.
The OECD also is integrating its PRTR work with
other chemicals management projects. UNITAR is
using its materials developed in the pilot stage to
help the Slovak Republic and South Africa create
PRTR systems.
Recognizing this new focus, the international
community has formed a PRTR Coordination
Group to coordinate and prevent duplication of
efforts. The U.S. is the chair of the group, while the
OECD is the Secretariat. With the number of
16
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Chapter 1—TRI Reporting and the 1996 Public Data Release
countries with operational PRTR systems growing
from the present eight (Australia, Canada, France,
Mexico, Netherlands, Norway, United Kingdom,
U.S.) to over 30 in the next few years, the need for
this PRTR Coordination Group is obvious.
On a more regional scale, North America offers the
first opportunity to collect PRTR data across a
continent. The U.S. has collected PRTR data since
1987. The first year of Canadian data is 1993.
Mexico is phasing in its PRTR system starting with
the 1997 reporting year. Facilities must file air
emissions data for 1997, while voluntarily reporting
for other releases and transfers. Mexico intends to
make these other media mandatory.
Supporting this work is the Commission on
Environmental Cooperation (CEC), an organization
created by the environmental side-agreements to
the North American Free Trade Agreement
(NAFTA). The CEC has developed two important
reports. The first compares PRTR systems in the
three North American nations. The second report,
developed annually, compiles and analyzes the data
from the North American PRTR systems. The
1994,1995, and planned 1996 reports include only
U.S. and Canadian data. When the Mexican data
are available, starting with the 1997 reporting year,
the report will cover all three nations.
The U.S. will continue to work closely with other
countries and international organizations on PRTR
issues. The expanding work on PRTRs will require
the commitment and guidance of the U.S. and rely
on the growing experience of the TRI.
How Can I Obtain
Additional TRI
Information?
The TRI data are available in an on-line computer
database and in a variety of common computer and
hard copy formats to ensure that everyone can
easily use the information. Information about
accessing the TRI database is provided on the
inside front cover of this report as well as in
Appendix B. The TRI User Support Service
(202-260-1531) can provide assistance in accessing
and using the TRI data. On-line services include the
EPA's Envirofacts, the National Library of Medi-
cine's TOXNET system, and the Right-to-Know
Computer Network (RTK NET). Appendix B
provides additional information on these and other
means of access to TRI data.
To request copies of TRI and EPCRA documents or
to obtain further information about the program,
contact the toll-free Emergency Planning and
Community Right-to-Know Information Hotline at
1-800-424-9346. TRI information is also available
on the TRI Web site at www.epa.gov/opptintr/tri.
Other potential sources of TRI information include
the state EPCRA section 313 contact, the EPA
Regional Office, or the facility itself. Information
about EPA regional and state EPCRA section 313
contacts appears in Appendix A.
17
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Chapter 1—TRI Reporting and the 1996 Public Data Release
18
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Off-site
Disposal
Chapter 2
Off-site
Land
Underground
Injection
Surface
Water
National Overview of
1996 Toxics Release Inventory
1996
Introduction
This chapter provides a summary of the information
reported by facilities for calendar year 1996. This
summary includes data for on- and off-site releases of
TRI chemicals from the fecility, on-site waste
management of the chemicals, and transfers of the
chemicals in waste to off-site locations for further
management
The chapter begins with a description of which
release and other waste management categories are
reportable to TRI; then describes information on
toxicity and exposure considerations pertinent to
use of TRI data. National, state, and chemical
analyses of the 1996 data follow. Industry-specific
analyses of 1996 TRI data appear in Chapters 4
through 10,
TRI Releases and Waste
Management
Figure 2-1 illustrates on-site and off-site releases,
on-site waste management activities, and transfers
off-site for further waste management, as
reportable to TRI. Box 2-1 describes reportable
releases that may occur on-site at the facility or as
a result of transferring chemicals off-site for
disposal, and identifies types of activities that may
contribute releases to various media. Box 2-2 lists
on-site waste management activities that are
reportable to TRI. Box 2-3 describes transfers off-
site for further waste management.
What to Consider
When Using TRI Data
Users of TRI information should be aware that TRI
data reflect releases and other waste management of
chemicals, not exposures of the public to those
chemicals. TRI data, in conjunction with, other
information, can be used as a starting point in
evaluating exposures that may result from releases
and other waste management activities which
involve toxic chemicals. The determination of
potential risk depends upon many factors, including
the toxicity of the chemical, the fate of the chemical
and the length of their exposure after it is released,
and the human or other populations that are
exposed to the chemical and the length of their
exposure after its release. Listed below are some of
the factors that should be considered when review-
ing TRI data.
Toxicity of the Chemical
The TRI list consists of chemicals that vary widely
in their ability to produce toxic effects.
* Some high-volume releases of less toxic chemi-
cals may appear to be a more serious problem
19
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Chapter 2—1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Releases
On-site
Waste Management
Air
Water
Underground
Injection
Land
Treatment
Releases
Off-site
Waste Management
Disposal
Energy
Recovery
Treatment
Figure 2-1. Information Collected under TRI
POTWs
20
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Chapter 2— 1996 TRI Releases and Trmnsfers
Box 2-1, An Explanation of On- and Off-site Releases _ ^ * ,» <*^_ ...—.^. -,.,„.,,. _ -- a ..,,. _ ,
An Explanation of On-jaind Ofl^site^Releases
A release is a discharge of a toxic chemical to the environment On-site releases include emissions to the air, discharges
to bodies of water, releases at the facility to land, as well as into underground injection wells. Releases are reported to
TRI by media type. Chemicals in waste transferred off-site for disposal are also released to the environment. On-
off-site releases thus include releases to the environment at the facility (reported in Section 5 for Form R) plus off-site
transfers to disposal (reported in Section 6 of Form R).
Air Emissions, Releases to air are reported either as point source or fugitive emissions. Point source emissions, also
referred to as stack emissions, occur through confined air streams, such as stacks, vents, ducts, or pipes. Fugitive
emissions are all releases to air that are not released through a confined air stream. Fugitive emissions include
equipment leaks, evaporative losses from surface impoundments and spills, and releases from building ventilation
systems.
Surface Water Discharges. Releases to water include discharges to streams, rivers, lakes, oceans, and other bodies of
water. This includes releases from contained sources, suoh as industrial process outflow pipes or open trenches.
Releases due to runoff, including stormwater runoff, are also reportable to TRI.
Underground Injection. Underground injection is the subsurface emplacement of fluids through wells. TRI chemicals
associated with manufacturing, the petroleum industry, mining, commercial and service industries, and Federal and
municipal government related activities may be injected into Class I, II, HI, V or V wells, if they do not endanger
underground sources of drinking water (USDW), public health or the environment The different types of authorized
injection, activities are described below:
—Class I industrial, municipal and manufacturing wells inject fluids into deep, confined and isolated formations
below potable water supplies.
—Class II oil and gas related wells which re-inject produced fluids for disposal, enhanced recovery of oil, or
hydrocarbon storage.
—Class III wells are associated with the solution mining of minerals,
—Class IV wells may inject hazardous or radioactive fluids directly or indirectly into USDW, only if the injection
is part of an authorized CBRCLA/RCRA clean up operation.
— Class V wells, which include all types of injection wells which do not fall under I-V, may inject only if they do
not endanger USDW, public health or the environment. Class V wells are, generally, shallow drainage wells, such
as floor drains connected to dry wells or drain fields.
Beginning with the 1996 reporting year, facilities separately report amounts injected into Class I wells and into all other
wells,
On-site Land Releases. On-site releases to land occur within the boundaries of the reporting facility. Releases to land
include disposal of toxic chemicals in landfills (in which wastes are buried), land treatment/application fanning (in
which a waste containing a listed chemical is applied to or incorporated into soil), surface impoundments (which are
uncovered holding areas used to volatilize and/or settle waste materials), and other land disposal methods (such as waste
piles) or releases to land (such as spills or leaks). Beginning with the 1996 reporting year, facilities separately report
amounts released to RCRA Subtitle C landfills from, amounts released to other on-site landfills.
Transfers Off-site to Disposal, Toxic chemicals in waste that are transferred to a facility for disposal generally are
either released to land at an off-site facility or are injected underground.
21
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Chapter 2 — 1998 TKI Releases and Transfers
Box 2-2. An Explanation of On-site Waste Management
An Explanation of On-site Waste Management
On-site waste management activities are reported in Section 8 of Form R. These amounts do not include one-time events
such as accidental releases or remediation (clean-up).
Recycled On-site. This is the quantity of the toxic chemical recovered at the facility and made available for further use. It
is not the quantity that entered an on-site recycling or recovery operation.
Used for Energy Recovery On-site, This is the quantity of the toxic chemical that was combusted in some form of energy
recovery device, such as a furnace (including Mlns) or boiler. The toxic chemical should have a heating value high
enough to sustain combustion. To avoid double-counting, the amount reported represents the amount destroyed in the
combustion process, not the amount that entered the energy recovery unit. For example, 100,000 pounds of toluene
entered a boiler that, on average, combusted 98% of the toluene. Any remaining toluene was discharged to air. A total of
98,000 pounds is reported as combusted for energy recovery (the remaining 2,000 pounds is reported as released).
Treatment On-site > This is the quantity of the toxic chemical destroyed in on-site waste treatment operations, not the
amount that entered any treatment operation. For example, if 100,000 pouns of benzene were combusted in aa incinerator
that destroyed 99% of the benzene, the facility would report 99,000 pounds as treated on-site (the remaining 1,000
pounds would be reported as released).
Box 2-3. An Explanation of Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management
An Explanation of Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management
An ofPsite transfer, reported in Section 6 of Form R, is the transfer of toxic chemicals in waste to a facility that is geographically or
physically separate from the facility reporting under TKL Chemicals reported to TRI as transferred ate sent to off-site facilities for fee
purposes of recycling, energy recovery, treatment, or disposal The quantities reported represent a movement of the away
from the reporting facility. Except for offsite transfers to disposal, these quantities do not necessarily represent entry of the chemical
into the environment Transfers to disposal represent an off-site release (see Box 2-1).
Transfers Off-site to Recycling. Toxic chemicals in waste that are off-site for the purposes of recycling are generally
recovered by a variety of recycling methods, including solvent recovery and metals recovery. The choice of the recycling
method depends on the toxic chemical being sent for recycling. Once they have been recycled, these chemicals may be
returned to the originating facility for further processing or made available for use in commerce
Transfers Off-sits to Energy Recovery, Toxic chemicals in waste sent off-site for purposes of energy recovery are
combusted off-site in industrial furnaces (including Mlns) or boilers that generate heat or energy for use at that location.
Treatment of a chemical by incineration is not considered to be energy recovery,
Transfers Off-site to Treatment Toxic chemicals in waste that are transferred off-site may be treated through a variety of
methods, including biological treatment, neutralization, incineration, and physical separation. These methods typically
result in varying degrees of destruction of the toxic chemical. La some cases (such as stabilization or solidification), the
chemical is not destroyed but is prepared for further waste management, such as contained disposal,
Transfers to Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTWs)* A POTW is a wastewater treatment facility that is owned by a
state or municipality, Wastewaters from facilities reporting under TRI are transferred through pipes or sewers to a POTW.
Treatment or removal of a chemical from the wastewater depends upon the nature of the chemical, as well as the
treatment methods present at the POTW. In general, chemicals that are easily utilized as nutrients by microorganisms, or
have a low solubility in water, are likely to be removed to some extent Chemicals that are volatile and have a low
solubility in water may evaporate into the atmosphere. Not all TRI chemicals can be treated or removed by a POTW.
Some chemicals, such as metals, may be removed, but are not destroyed and may be disposed of in landfills or discharged
to receiving waters,
Other Off-site Transfers, In this report, toxic chemicals in waste that were reported as transferred off-site but for which
the off-site activity (i.e., treatment, disposal, energy recovery, or recycling) was not specified or was not an accepted code
have l»en classified as "other off-site transfers,"
22
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Chapter 2 — 1 996 TRI Releases and Transfers
than lower-volume releases of more toxic
chemicals, when just the opposite may be true.
For example, phosgene is toxic in smaller
quantities than methanol. A comparison
between these two chemicals for setting hazard
priorities or estimating potential health con-
cerns, solely on the basis of volumes released,
may be misleading.
Exposure Considerations
+ Potential degradation or persistence of the
chemical in the environment. Exposure to a
chemical is dependent upon the chemical being
available. The longer the chemical remains
unchanged in the environment, the greater the
potential for exposure. Sunlight, heat, or micro-
organisms may or may not decompose the
chemical.
* For example, microorganisms readily
degrade some chemicals, such as metha-
nol, into less toxic chemicals; volatile
organic compounds, such as ethylene and
propylene, react in the atmosphere and
contribute to the formation of srnog;
metals are persistent and will not degrade
upon release to the environment
• As a result, smaller releases of a persis-
tent, highly toxic chemical may create a
more serious problem than larger releases
of a chemical that is rapidly converted to
a less toxic form.
4- Bioconcentration of the chemical in the food
chain. As a chemical becomes incorporated in
the food chain, it may concentrate or disperse
as it moves up the food chain.
* Some chemicals, such as mercury,
accumulate as they move up the food
chain.
» Small releases of a chemical that bio-
accumulates may result in significant
exposures to consumers.
4- The environmental medium (air, water,
land, or underground injection) to which the
toxic chemical has been released. Chemical
exposure of a population depends on the
environmental medium to which a chemical is
released. The medium also affects the types of
exposures possible, such as inhalation, dermal
exposure, or ingestion.
« Releases of a chemical to the air can
result in exposures to organisms living
near and downwind from facilities
releasing toxic chemicals to the atmos-
phere. Persistent chemicals may fall or
precipitate from air onto land or into
water bodies, resulting in exposures via
these environmental media.
• Exposures that may result from releases
to water bodies (streams, lakes, etc.)
depend in part on the downstream uses
of the water, including drinking,
cooking, and bathing.
* Injection of toxic chemicals into properly
designed and constructed Class I wells
will result in substantially lower
exposure potential than more direct
forms of environmental release. These
wells are designed to entomb liquid
wastes for at least 10,000 years.
+ The type of off-site facility receiving the
chemical and the efficiency of its waste
management practices. The amount of a toxic
chemical that ultimately enters the environment
depends on how the chemical was handled
during disposal, treatment, energy recovery, or
recycling activities. Several factors to keep in
mind when considering amounts sent off-site
are presented below.
• The efficiency of recycling operations
varies depending on the method of
recycling and the chemical being
recycled.
23
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Chapter 2 — 1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
• Use of a combustible toxic chemical for
energy recovery typically results in the
destruction of 95% to 99% or more of
the toxic chemical. The remaining
quantity may be either released to air or
disposed of in ash to land.
• The efficiency of the treatment of toxic
chemicals in waste sent to sewage
treatment plants varies depending on the
chemical and the sewage plant. Some
high-volume pollutants such as methanol
are readily degraded by most sewage
treatment plants. Other high-volume
chemicals such as ammonia are not
readily treated by most sewage treatment
plants and will pass through the plant
into the aquatic environment. The
efficiency of other treatment methods.,
such as incineration, also depends upon
the specifications of the treatment
facility and the nature of tiie chemical.
Metals sent to sewage treatment plants,
for example, may be removed with solid
wastes and sent to landfills, or they may
pass through the plant and be discharged
into surface waters; they are not,
however, destroyed.
* Toxic chemicals in waste sent off-site for
disposal are typically released to land or
injected underground.
On-site waste management of the toxic
chemical. As with off-site waste management,
the amount of the toxic chemical released to
the environment depends on how the chemical
was handled during disposal, treatment, energy
recovery, or recycling activities. However,
since the waste management is on-site, any
amount of the chemical that enters the
environment after waste managment is reported
to TRI as part of that facility's releases.
1996 National Overview
This chapter discusses and analyzes data for 1996
for all chemicals reported under TRI. Chapter 3
examines chemical reporting over time, using only
those "core chemicals" that have been reportable in
all years in the period under discussion.
For 1996,21,626 facilities filed 71,381 TRI report-
ing forms, an average of 3.3 forms per facility (see
Table 2-1). One out of every 10 submissions was a
Form A certification statement rather than the Form
R detailed reporting form. EPA established the
Form A certification option, beginning with the
1995 reporting year, for facilities that meet TRI
reporting thresholds for a listed chemical (manufac-
turing or processing 25,000 pounds or otherwise
using 10,000 pounds), but whose total annual
reportable amount* for that chemical does not
exceed 500 pounds and who do not manufacture,
Table 2-1. 1996 TRI Facilities and Forms
Total Facilities
Total Forms
FormRs
Form As
Number
21,626
71,381
64,147
7,234
process, or otherwise use more than 1 million
pounds of the chemical. Form A certification
statements do not report amounts of chemical
releases, transfers, or other waste management
activities. (Form A certification statements are
further explained in Chapter 1.)
The total annual reportable amount is defined as the sum of the waste
management categories that would be reported to TRI quantities released
(including disposal), recovered as a result of recycling operations,
combusted for energy recovery, or treated at the facility, plus amounts
transferred off-site for recycling, energy recovery, treatment, or disposal
These amounts conespond to total production-related waste in this report
24
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Chapter 2— f 996 TRI Releases anrf Transfers
Table 2-2. 1996 TRI On-site and Off-site Releases
Total On- and Off-site Releases
Pounds
2,433,506,582
On-Slte Releases
Total Air Emissions
Fugitive Air
Point Source Air
Surface Water Discharges
Underground Injection
Class I Wells
Class II-V Wells
On-site Land Releases
RCRA Subtitle C Landfills
Other On-site Land Releases
Land Treatment
Surface Impoundments
Other Disposal
Total On-site Releases
Off-Site Releases
Transfers Off-site to Disposal
Total Off-site Releases
1,452,089,962
355,271,752
1,096,818,210
173,288,209
204,329,109
203,572,710
756,399
309,063,206
26,454,969
85,252,669
6,266,119
84,862,374
106,227,075
2,138,770,486
294,736,096
294,736,096
Note. On-site Releases ftom Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6
(off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R,
UU, Class II-V Wells < 0.1%
Transfers Off-
site to Disposal
121%
Other On-site
Land Releases
11,6%
RCRA Subtitle
C Landfills
1 1%
UU, Class I
Wells
84%
Surface Water
71%
Figure 2-2. Distribution of TRI On-site
and Off-site Releases, 1996
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6
(off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R UIJ=underground injection
On- and Off-site Releases
These facilities reported on- and off-site releases of
2.43 billion pounds of toxic chemicals, as shown in
Table 2-2. This includes amounts released directly
to the air, water, or land, as well as disposal of toxic
chemicals on-site or off-site in landfills, impound-
ments, waste piles, and underground injection
wells.
Air emissions totaled 1.45 billion pounds, or 59,7%
of all releases in 1996 (see Figure 2-2). Facilities
report their air releases as either point source
(stack) emissions or fugitive (non-point source)
emissions. Three-quarters (75.5%) of air releases
reported to TRI hi 1996 were point source
emissions.
Facilities discharged 173.3 million pounds of toxic
chemicals into the nation's rivers, lakes, bays, and
other bodies of water in 1996. This represents 7.1%
of all releases in 1996. A total of 204.3 million
pounds (8.4%) of toxic chemicals were injected
into underground wells, and 99.6% of this amount
went to Class I wells (see description in Box 2-1).
Another 309.1 million pounds (12.7% of all
releases) were released on-site to land. Of these
on-site land releases, 8.6% went to RCRA Sub-
title C landfills; the largest portion, 34.4%, was
reported as other disposal.
These on-site releases totaled 2.14 billion pounds.
Off-site releases—that is, transfers to disposal —
totaled 294.7 million pounds. Releases at the
facility represented 87.9% of all on- and off-site
releases, and transfers to disposal represented
12.1% of the total.
Other On-slte Waste Management
Facilities reported on-site waste management-
recycling, energy recovery, and treatment—totaling
17.74 billion pounds in 1996 (see Table 2-3).
Recycling and treatment represented roughly equal
portions of the total: 7.84 billion pounds recycled
(44.2%) and 7.14 billion pounds treated (40.2%).
25
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€)
Chapter 2 — 1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-3. 1996 Other On-site Waste Management
Total Other On-site Waste Management
Pounds
17,744,196,508
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
7,842,595,142
2,761,739,445
7,139,861,921
Note: Data from Section 8 of Form R.
Treated
40.2%
Energy
Recovery
15,6%
Recycled
44.2%
Figure 2-3. Distribution of TFU Other
On-slte Waste Management, 1996
Note: Data {rout Section 8 ofForm R.
Table 2-4, 1996 TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management
Total Transfers Off-site for
Further Waste Management
Transfers to Recycling
Transfers to Energy Recovery
Transfers to Treatment
Transfers to POTWs
Other Off-site Transfers
Pounds
3,156,867,280
2,150,593,994
477,056,570
290,096,828
235,813,508
3,306,380
Note; Data from Section 6 of Form R excluding off-site transfers to disposal.
Other Off-site Transfers arc transfers reported without a valid waste
management code.
POTWs
747%
Other Off-site Transfers < 0 1%
Recycling
68 12%
Treatment
9.19%
Biergy
Recovery
1511%
Figure 2-4. Distribution of TRI Transfers Off-site
for Further Waste Management, 1986
Notes Data ftom Section 6 of Form R excluding off-site transfers to disposal
Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste
management code
On-site energy recovery of 2.76 billion pounds
(15.6%) accounted for the rest (see Figure 2-3).
Transfers Off-site for
Further Waste Management
In 1996, facilities sent 3.16 billion pounds of toxic
chemicals to off-site locations for further waste
management: recycling, energy recovery, or treat-
ment (see Table 2-4). The great majority of these
off-site transfers (2.15 billion pounds, or 68,1%)
were sent off-site to be recycled (see Figure 2-4).
Another 477.1 million pounds (15.1%) of toxic
chemicals were sent off-site to be burned for energy
recovery. Transfers to other locations for treatment
totaled 290.1 million pounds, or 9.2%, while
transfers to Publicly Owned Treatment Works
(POTWs, or sewage treatment plants) totaled
235.8 million pounds, or 7.5%.
Another 3.3 million pounds of toxic chemicals
reported as transferred off-site were reported with
no waste management codes or with invalid codes
and are listed as "Other Off-site Transfers."
28
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Chapter 2— 1 9S6 TRI Releases and Transfers
1996 TRI Data by State
Tables 2-5 through 2-8 present the distribution of
TRI releases (including off-site to
disposal), other on-site waste management., and
transfers off-site for further waste management by
state. No reports were received in 1996 for the
Northern Mariana Islands.
On- and Off-site Releases
The top for total releases for 1996 were
Texas with 267.4 million pounds, Louisiana with
184.5 million pounds, and Ohio with 145.1 million
pounds (see Table 2-5). These were also the top-
ranking states for on-site releases. Ranking fourth
and fifth for total releases, on- and off-site, were
Pennsylvania with 122.4 million pounds and
Indiana with 109.0 million pounds. Altogether,
eight states reported more than 100 million pounds
in releases; the others were Illinois with
107.7 million pounds, Tennessee with 103.9 million
pounds, and Alabama with 102.9 million pounds.
Texas facilities reported primarily air emissions and
underground injection to class I wells. Air releases
of 127.2 million pounds (51.1 million as fugitive
emissions and 76.1 million pounds as stack
emissions) represented 47,6% of Texas releases.
Underground injection of 92,0 million pounds
accounted for another 34.4%. Texas reported more
of both types of release than any other state. For air
emissions, Tennessee (84.4 million pounds) and
Louisiana (83.9 million pounds) ranked second and
third. For underground injection, Louisiana
(54.4 million pounds) and Florida (23.1 million
pounds) followed Texas. All underground injection
in the top three states was reported as injected to
Class I wells.
Facilities in California reported the largest amount
of injection to Class II-V wells, 702,000 pounds.
Facilities in 33 and territories reported no
underground injection. (Some are not
geologically suitable for the practice of
underground injection. Others have banned this
disposal method or have never implemented an
underground injection control program.)
Louisiana led all states for surface water
discharges, with 38.2 million pounds, followed by
Pennsylvania with 22.8 million pounds and Texas
with 18.9 million pounds.
Facilities reported larger total on-site land releases
in Montana than in any other state, 44.4 million
pounds, which comprised the great majority of that
state's releases. Arizona followed with
37.5 million pounds and OHo with 28.5 million
pounds. Most of these were to non-RCRA
subtitle C landfills. In five states, RCRA subtitle C
landfills received half or more of on-site land
releases (New York, 88.2% of on-site land
releases, Indiana 75.6%, New Jersey 73.6%,
Massachusetts 53.0%, and Illinois 52.2%), but
only one of these had total on-site land releases of
more than 10 million pounds (Illinois with
23.9 million pounds, ranked fourth for on-site land
releases).
Top states for off-site transfers to disposal were
Pennsylvania with 55.7 million pounds, Indiana
with 34.3 million pounds, and Michigan with
31.7 million pounds. Nearly half (45.5%) of
Pennsylvania's releases were transferred off-site
for disposal, as were nearly one-third (31.5%) of
Indiana's and more than one-third (35,1%) of
Michigan's. These off-site releases account for
Pennsylvania's and Indiana's ranking fourth and
fifth among states for all releases, on- and off-site.
TRI facilities report the specific off-site locations
to which they are transferring TRI chemicals. For
each state, Table 2-6 summarizes transfers to
disposal that were sent out of state, transferred
within the state, or received into the state from TRI
facilities elsewhere. The state shipping the largest
amounts of TRI chemicals outside its borders for
disposal was Pennsylvania, with 15.9 million
pounds, which was 28.6% of all transfers to
disposal from Pennsylvania facilities. States
ranking second and third were Alabama (6.0
27
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Chapter 2—1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-5, TRI On-slte and Off-site Releases by State, 1996
On-silc Releases
Sute
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Guam
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Tout
Air
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
14,679,468
444,665
10,500
7,014,110
7,489,372
12,192,141
1,119,954
2,410,477
650,470
3,900
6,334,872
7,417,838
0
318,432
1,604,857
16,461,617
20,791,054
5,281,557
5,762,051
8,113,822
15,624,901
1,057,853
1,696,511
2,297,145
9,614,347
3,265,430
9,785,463
8,399,325
881,451
2,538,818
318,825
442,696
3,945,243
692,433
6,074,255
10,559,626
398,228
20,232,510
5,056,004
10,725,114
14,266,043
3,339,480
928,458
8,244,215
516,550
15.9S5.870
51,110,064
2,117,279
100,849
961,406
11,367,098
4,849,423
4,202,081
4,656,892
948,709
355,271,752
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
64,451,577
5,433,523
0
2,961,244
20,697,670
21,650,006
2,457,061
4,059,776
2,633,596
10
24,296,086
39,624,898
0
178,076
3,152,513
51,490,781
42,110,757
21,997,747
14,046,481
29,867,564
68,249,573
6,396,001
6,861,660
4,265,577
36,587,819
16,453,023
29,717,453
27,099,218
3,108,205
5,771,457
1,037,572
1,766,521
6,094,664
1,226,068
20,790,492
49,385,541
1,605,737
50,007,417
16,223,849
13,293,388
27,104,113
4,425,402
1,401,883
38,349,890
1,140,757
68,465,805
76,109,816
66,701,765
202,396
506,479
40,624,192
18,325,626
12,360,503
21,988,474
2,060,508
1,096,818,210
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
3,530,565
1,024,160
0
4,828
1,399,842
5,560,015
909,035
658,631
226,013
300
733,455
6,880,098
3,000
3,265
1,038,998
5,095,236
2,389,013
2,753,444
411,678
1,468,738
38,211,313
603,236
1,837,147
81,830
1,989,436
322,363
7,566,742
3,008,012
91,808
319,530
0
30,398
5,357,477
12
3,879,544
2,544,384
317,631
5,740,395
567,182
2,529,329
22,786,860
220,557
8,734
2,188,612
3,401,460
1,624,484
18,881,567
37,580
122,915
31,720
1,190,080
2,597,302
8,337,073
2,761,776
9,406
173,288,209
Underground Injection
Class I
Wells
Pounds
0
20
0
5
1,750,002
0
0
0
0
0
23,122,868
0
0
0
0
521
1,174,432
0
1,048,848
0
54,412,356
0
0
0
6,617,820
0
83,315
750
0
0
0
0
4
0
262
0
0
13,680,825
1,007,056
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,256,427
91,979,394
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
6,437,800
203,572,710
Class H-V
Wells
Pounds
10
400
0
0
0
701,929
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
33,209
0
250
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
0
14,683
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,308
0
0
0
2,600
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
755
756399
On-site Land Releases
RCRA
Subtitle C
Landfills
Pounds
737,142
0
0
4,500
129,326
163,496
0
10
0
0
4,178
457,651
0
785
0
12,454,790
6,204,155
98,544
105,295
184,646
73,116
4,148
1,065
8,453
64,693
3,550
1,924
314,575
760
6,000
2,800
0
684,726
0
954,758
133,872
0
1,134,058
24,913
250
579,317
250
0
51,437
0
78,708
1,631,980
15,414
0
0
762
5,980
122,693
10,249
0
26,454,969
Other On-site
Land
Releases
Pounds
6,625,949
6,015
0
37,450,068
1,031,917
1,494,795
103,774
59,251
26,495
5,000
20,897,563
1,978,295
0
2,505
9,309,921
11,414,339
2,002,979
1,499,061
835,951
1,750,422
5,534,484
188,765
1,916,394
7,491
3,590,258
79,372
5,665,772
16,719,376
44,361,763
568,617
2,331,464
10,845
245,354
17,972,637
127,225
18,552,160
758
27,364,552
101,573
2,460,571
1,995,160
6,845
10,538
714,777
1,002
6,495,409
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
90,024,711
6,908,783
10,500
47,434,755
32,498,129
41,762,382
4,589,824
7,188,145
3,536,574
9,210
75,389,022
56,358,780
3,000
536,272
15,106,289
96,917,534
74,672,390
31,630,353
22,210,554
41,385,192
182,105,743
8,250,003
12,312,777
6,660,496
58,479,056
20,123,738
52,820,669
55,541,256
48,443,987
9,204,422
3,690,661
2,250,460
16,327,468
19,891,150
31,828,844
81,175,583
2,322,354
118,159,757
22,983,177
29,008,652
66,731,493
7,992,534
2,349,613
49,548,931
5,059,769
94,876,703
13,693,639 253,406,460
13,114,111
1,351
6,526
1,016,173
133,819
519,919
427,823
177,414
282,608,2372
81,986,149
427,51 1
1,506,131
54,198,315
25,912,150
25,542,269
29,845,214
9,634,592
,138,770,486
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
12,897,823
0
0
529,455
1,533,946
8,320,256
1,121,667
997,034
123,446
250
5,568,660
2,472,951
0
3,995
46,398
10,746,122
34,315,644
1,678,056
4,365,830
5,981,671
2,432,044
1,101,262
785,974
3,316,675
31,679,546
846,841
2,025,693
4,253,324
33,655
3,818,356
75,975
217,777
1,749,437
72,559
3,825,159
3,998,991
2,766
26,980,078
3,438,632
727,041
55,691,692
556,244
252,371
7,119,229
136,305
8,997,696
14,034,326
903,685
35,338
8
1,893,878
2,527,221
3,295,461
17,177,877
29,776
294,736,096
Total On-
and Off-site
Releases
Pounds
102,922,534
6,908,783
10,500
47,964,210
34,032,075
50,082,638
5,711,491
8,185,179
3,660,020
9,460
80,957,682
58,831,731
3,000
540,267
15,152,687
107,663,656
108,988,034
33,308,409
26,576,384
47,366,863
184,537,787
9,351,265
13,098,751
9,977,171
90,158,602
20,970,579
54,846,362
59,794,580
48,477,642
13,022,778
3,766,636
2,468,237
18,076,905
19,963,709
35,654,003
85,174,574
2,325,120
145,139,835
26,421,809
29,735,693
122,423,185
8,548,778
2,601,984
56,668,160
5,196,074
103,874,399
267,440,786
82,889,834
462,849
1,506,139
56,092,193
28,439,371
28,837,730
47,023,091
9,664,368
2,433,506,582
Notes On-site Releases from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R
28
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Chapter 2 — 1 TK/ Releases and Transfers
Table 2-6. Off-site Transfers for Disposal Sent Out of State, Within States and Received into State, 1S96
State
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Distact of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota-
Mississippi
Missoun
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North, Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
Sonth Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Vagm Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Other*
Total
Sent
Out of State
Pounds
6,026,440
0
81,072
1,018,149
4,941,772
781,300
643,592
78,550
250
4,306,141
947,485
9
22,769
2,576,095*
4,089,152
1,089,765
1,053,498
4,064,375
955,387
49,932
568,730
2,803,710
622,313
371,071
1,446,743
2,365,525
33,641
2,984,052
0
151,415
1,305,202
16,634
1,198,106
741,558
658
4,436,753
1,717,325
55,757
15,913,070
211,462
174,315
3,776,836
21,486
1,071,334
3,232,288
67,026
32,083
8
391,888
1,241,922
1,511,751
240,291
23,282
—
81,453,972
Off-site Transfers to Disposal
Transferred
Within State
Pounds
6,871,383
0
448,383
515,797
3,378,484
340,367
353,442
44,896
0
1,262,519
1,525,466
3,986
23,629
8,170,023
30,226,492
588,291
3,312,332
1,917,296
1,476,657
1,051,330
217,244
512,965
31,057,233
475,770
578,950
1,887,799
14
834,304
75,975
66362
444,235
55,925
2,627,053
3,257,433
2,108
22,543,325
1,721,307
671,284
39,778,622
344,782
78,056
3,342,393
114,819
7,926362
10,802,038
836,659
3,255
0
1,501,990
1,285,299
1,783,710
16,937,586
6,494
—
213,282,124
Swelved
Into State
Pounds
1,486,832
0
341,320
256,870
88,976
1,574,962
233,620
4,103
0
66,248
213,592
0
1,452,466
5,642,106
2,716,060
22,098
182,591
1,479,261
2,141,215
5,277
514,720
298,699
4,430,373
23,153
80,498
429,547
785,525
20,307
3,527,608
211,235
248,402
750
7,783,226
269,743
973,089
18,230,605
3,716,489
1,196,970
5,742,150
4
172,586
5,456,615
2,000
1,028,141
1,782,513
2,849,655
242
0
11,996
63,957
47,099
455,761
0
3,192,717
81,453,972
* "Other" includes waste sent to other countries and to not identified by state by the reporting facility
29
-------
Chapter 2—1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-7. TW Other On«site Waste Management by State, 1996
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florid*
Georgia
Guam
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indian*
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hwnpshire
NewJetsey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Ulah
Vermont
Vfrgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
247,765,725
25,842
0
629,813,584
202,786,365
48,933,381
18,998,219
91,847,249
29,782,121
0
133,882^39
246,187301
0
6,611
176378
316,452,083
192,429,951
142,535,240
210,117,169
270,427,752
725,090,414
10,123,918
17,008,373
23,084,234
304,344,692
147,195,055
215,890,406
177,893,875
50,305,985
18,289,870
2,125,936
16,867,518
56,031,604
1,509,122
176,304,149
362,510,160
44,438
329,167,620
53,640,688
33,343,531
392,219,178
24,267,0??
13,987327
303,352,841
30,204,647
164,053,491
965,065,180
9,803,487
457,075
711,124
178,353,110
80,436,589
121,297,058
53,677,399
1,770,771
7,842,595,142
Energy Recovery
On-site
Pounds
35,866,493
457,400
0
695,864
33,421,106
18,173,050
8,287,872
4,467,216
219,184
0
19,362,992
48,222,623
0
0
26,900
35,570,868
86,416,362
1,527,848
100,585,103
70,165,040
350,796,650
11,099,536
13,397,901
5,223,661
87,992,757
10,743,037
18,567,578
79,482,408
2,513^50
1,499,579
0
1,858,325
347,873,373
33,800,000
25,633,557
25,898,390
3,300
96,800,899
52,550,449
17,268,217
50,287,872
142,187
226,963
78,185,193
1,050,000
49,580,975
836,485,137
25,620,841
6,200
0
29,707,489
18,590,204
10,237,138
14,787,808
62,350
2,761,739,445
Treated
On-site
Pounds
316,900,305
2,761,278
0
7,501,763
113,334,864
1,102,173,175
8,234,284
36,458,784
50,920,120
1,695
131,946,077
196,531,036
0
3,590,519
17,160,464
120,405,877
171,880,470
28,677,544
35,937,066
119,641,055
816,209,604
63,525,017
34,005,595
27,615,676
94,427,464
32,157,870
104,186,585
72,793,495
8,610,407
6,867,436
8,595,388
10,301,186
125,963,690
1,868,997
112,267,207
147,228,500
4,853,566
155,733,167
16,068,996
61,437,014
149,258,161
17,004,946
7,123,050
112,054,076
1,894,335
106,752,628
1,375,842,159
317,147,921
1,026,694
10,248,528
317,770,559
90,430,822
146,675,430
112,924,941
4,934,435
7,139,861,921
Totel Other Oil-site
Waste Management
Pounds
600,532,523
3,244,520
0
638,011,211
349,542,335
1,169,279,606
35,520,375
132,773,249
80,921,425
1,695
285,191,308
490,940,960
0
3,597,130
17,363,742
472,428,828
450,726,783
173,040,632
346,639338
460,233,847
1,892,096,668
84,748,471
64,411,869
55,923,571
486,764,913
190,095,962
338,644,569
330,169,778
61,429,942
26,656,885
10,721,324
29,027,029
529,868,667
37,178,119
314,204,913
535,637,050
4,901,304
581,701,686
122,260,133
112,048,762
591,765,211
41,414,230
21337,340
493,592,110
33,148,982
320387,094
3,177392,476
352372,219
1,489,969
10,959,652
525,831,158
189,457,615
278,209,626
181,390,148
6,767,556
17,744,196,508
Note: Date from Section 8 of Form R.
30
-------
Chapter 2— 1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-8. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management by State, 1996
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Guam
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Wyoming
Total
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
33,675,464
235,463
0
79,468,186
44,916,893
61,488,314
18,194,235
24,122,459
10,054,130
12,151
17,546,126
43,272,325
0
53,075
600,108
92,791,384
227,040,410
26,694,400
56,635,370
50,702,619
52355,796
4,949,244
3,870,056
28308,038
100,909,367
21,696,873
21,598,058
58,339,188
579,043
26,709,177
1,635380
12,146,978
33,315,528
1,055,552
64,139,124
79313,339
802,146
186,144,474
19,065,778
20,516,944
138,842,336
13,509,670
7,619,534
96,310,411
435,739
46,687,393
193,240,622
5,02p-lX2,52I,811
317,678
2,150,593,994
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
10,487,499
6,325
0
784,295
6,677,636
8,602,952
4,033,682
2,226,821
1,169,726
0
2,201,015
9,828,150
0
0
154,988
29,994,071
11,888,870
3,079,716
2,745,539
9,357,605
15,998,779
379,964
1,340,824
6,713,380
69,413,222
2,196,764
2,654,505
23,850,564
26,048
446,647
9,679
224,756
30,358,462
157,296
7,747,898
14,071,452
19,711
40,468,374
967,015
1,313,460
17,612,095
10,621,929
838,404
6,142,486
193,405
6,290,202
74,366,119
3,573
477,056,570
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
7,163,468
137
0
9,259,081
6,119,839
5,054,720
1,230,695
6,085,697
1,299,302
5
7,115310
6,065,284
0
4,557
89,400
13,946,004
7,427,771
3,072,917
4,395,674
8,070,093
9,371,461
308,126
3,465,720
4,766,282
23,506,076
1,014,387
2,122,333
9,826,440
42,733
216,005
18,434
754,064
8,331,546
194,084
6,825,645
8,705,633
15,583
20,701,110
1,149,182
6,024,151
16,632,816
5,210,764
369,333
6,654,915
78,484
10324,918
33,729,621
12,270,738
3,708
290,096,828
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
516,571
0
0
1,951,033
122,428
13,086,610
795,799
1,304,464
4,515,982
180
5,617,773
2,873,071
15,000
0
274,987 ,
10,650,115
3,313,075
7,613,435
1,081,427
1,515,709
52,168
181,137
3,837,977
5,334,593
14,143,038
8,095,891
628,934
6,394,678
4,168
618,762
21,514
201,695
18,766,215
270,890
6,792,564
3,077,616
198,048
16,401,171
456,827
10,719,550
8,461,731
2,179,129
386,775
4,282,130
1,294,101
5,665,208
36,475,413
4,214,840
266
235,813,508
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
750
0
0
0
250
16,705
5
250
0
0
0
19,456
0
0
0
170,140
7,896
0
0
45,591
0
0
0
17,752
250
8,636
8,632
7,890
0
250
0
0
83,937
250
1,971363
0
0
24,544
0
13
132,237
44,588
0
18,150
0
0
174,466
2,623
0
3,306,380
Total Off-site
Transfers
Excluding
Transfers to
Disposal
Pounds
51,843,752
241,925
0
91,462,595
57,837,046
88,249,301
24,254,416
33,739,691
17,039,140
12,336
32,480,224
62,058,286
15,000
57,632
1,119,483
147,551,714
249,678,022
40,460,468
64,858,010
69,691,617
77,778,204
5,818,471
12,514,577
45,140,045
207,971,953
33,012,551
27,012,462
98,418,760
651,992
27,990,841
1,685,007
13,327,493
90,855,688
1,678,072
87,476,594
105,168,040
1,035,488
263,739,673
21,638,802
38,574,118
181,681,215
31,566,080
9,214,046
113,408,092
2,001,729
68,967,721
337,986,241
94,179,052
325,225
3,156,867,280
Note Data from Section 6 of Form R excluding off-site transfers to disposal Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste management code
31
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Chapter 2—1936 TRI Releases and Transfers
million pounds, or 46.7% of its transfers to
disposal) and California (4.9 million, pounds, or
59.4%). Pennsylvania was also one of the largest
recipient states, ranking third with 5,7 million
pounds. The top two receiving the largest
amount of transfers to disposal from TRI facilities
outside their borders were Ohio (18.2 million
pounds) and New York (7.8 million pounds).
Other On-site Waste Management
Texas and Louisiana also led all states for on-site
waste management, with 3.18 billion pounds and
1.89 billion pounds respectively (see Table 2-7).
Ranking third was California, with 1.17 billion
pounds. These were the only states whose facilities
reported more than 1 billion pounds in total on-site
waste management. In two other states, totals
exceeded 600 million pounds: Arizona with
638.0 million pounds and Alabama with
600.5 million pounds.
Treatment represented the largest on-site waste
management option for four of the top five states.
For Texas and Louisiana,, treatment amounted to
43,3% and 43,1%, respectively, of on-site
management For third-ranked California, treatment
accounted for 94,3% of the total, and for fifth-
ranked Alabama 52.8%. In contrast, 98,7% of
on-site waste management reported in Arizona,
ranked fourth overall, was recycling.
Texas facilities also reported the amounts in
each on-site waste management activity: 965.1 mil-
lion pounds recycled, 836.5 million pounds burned
for energy recovery, and 1.38 billion pounds
treated. Louisiana ranked second for both recycling
(725.1 million pounds) and energy recovery
(350.8 million pounds) and third for treatment
(816.2 million pounds). California ranked second
for treatment, with 1.10 billion pounds.
Transfers Off-site for
Further Waste Management
Texas also ranked first for transfers off-site
(excluding transfers to disposal), with
338.0 million pounds, as shown in Table 2-8. Ohio
followed with 263.7 million pounds and Indiana
with 249.7 million pounds. Another five
totaled more than 100 million pounds each in off-
site transfers: Michigan (208.0 million pounds),
Pennsylvania (181.7 million pounds), Illinois
(147.6 million pounds). South Carolina (113.4 mil-
lion pounds), and North Carolina (105.2 million
pounds),
In all eight of these states, most off-site transfers
were sent for recycling. Off-site recycling ranged
from 90,9% of transfers in Indiana to 48,5% in
Michigan. With 227.0 million pounds, Indiana led
all states for recycling. Texas ranked second with
193.2 million pounds and Ohio third with
186.1 million pounds. For energy recovery, the top
states were Texas (74.4 million pounds), Michigan
(69.4 million pounds), and Ohio (40.5 million
pounds).
Texas facilities also sent larger amounts off-site for
treatment (33.7 million pounds) and to POTWs
(36.5 million pounds) than facilities in any other
state. Michigan ranked second for transfers to
treatment with 23.5 million pounds and Ohio third
with 20,7 million pounds. For transfers to POTWs,
New Jersey second (18.8 million pounds) and
Virginia third (16.9 million pounds).
1996 TRI Data by
Chemical
This section presents chemical-specific TRI data
for 1996, including the chemicals with the largest
releases. It also reviews data for several groups of
TRI chemicals of particular concern: metals,
chemicals identified as known or suspected OSHA
32
-------
Chapter 2—1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
carcinogens, chemicals that may adversely affect
children's health, and pesticides. Also included is
information about the uses, toxicity, and
environmental fate of the TRI chemicals with the
largest reported releases. At the end of this chapter,
Table 2-21 presents releases, on-site waste
management, and off-site transfer data for all TRI
chemicals for which 1996 reports were received.
Top 20 Chemicals for
On- and Off-site Releases
Table 2-9 lists the top 20 chemicals—among all
TRI chemicals—with the largest total releases.
With 1.79 billion pounds in releases, these
chemicals represented three-quarters (73.8%) of all
on- and off-site releases reported to TRI in 1996.
Methanol, the leading chemical, accounted for one-
tenth (9.9%) of all TRI releases for the year, with
241.4 million pounds. Other chemicals reported in
amounts greater than 100 million pounds were zinc
compounds (207.0 million pounds), ammonia
(193.0 million pounds), nitrate compounds
(163.8 million pounds), and toluene (127.4 million
pounds). These were also the top chemicals for
on-site releases, although zinc compounds ranked
fifth in that category, because more than half of its
total releases were transfers off-site to disposal.
Information on the uses, toxicity, and
environmental fate of these top five chemicals
appears below.
Methanol also led all chemicals for air releases with
206.4 million pounds total (28.0 million pounds
fugitive emissions and 178.4 million pounds stack
emissions). Ammonia and toluene followed with
154.8 million pounds and 125.4 million pounds
total air emissions, respectively.
More nitrate compounds, a chemical category
added to TRI reporting in 1995, were discharged to
surface waters than any other chemical, with
117.7 million pounds. This amount was more than
four times the releases to water of phosphoric acid
(28.4 million pounds), the chemical ranked second
for this environmental medium. Nitrate compounds
were also injected underground in larger amounts
than any other chemical: 39.4 million pounds,
virtually all to Class I wells. Ammonia and
methanol were second and third with 24.4 million
pounds and 24.3 million pounds, respectively, also
predominantly to Class I wells.
Zinc compounds led all chemicals for on-site land
releases with 94.8 million pounds. Of that amount,
15.0 million pounds were released to RCRA
subtitle C landfills. Copper compounds and man-
ganese compounds were second and third for
on-site land releases, with 48.1 million pounds and
40.1 million pounds, respectively. Nearly 1 million
pounds of the copper compounds were placed in
RCRA landfills, as were 4.6 million pounds of the
manganese compounds.
Zinc compounds also dominated off-site transfers
to disposal among these top 20 chemicals, with
105.1 million pounds, more than four times the
transfers to disposal of manganese compounds
(26.7 million pounds) or of lead compounds
(21.5 million pounds), ranked second and third.
Use, Toxicity, and Environmental Fate
Information
TRI chemicals may cause a variety of adverse
health and environmental effects. Information on
use, toxicity, and environmental fate is provided
here for the top five chemicals with the largest
releases in 1996 (see Table 2-9).
Methanol
Uses. Methanol is used as a solvent, as a raw
material in the synthesis of organic chemicals, as a
fuel, as a de-icing agent, and to denature ethanol.
Toxicity. Methanol is readily absorbed from the
gastrointestinal tract and the respiratory tract, and
is toxic to humans in moderate to high doses. In
the body, methanol is converted into formaldehyde
and formic acid. Observed toxic effects at high
dose levels include central nervous system damage
33
-------
Chapter 2 — 1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-9. Top 20 Chemicals with Largest Total On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996
Air
CAS
Number
67-56-1
—
7664-41-7
—
108-88-3
1330-20-7
75-15-0
110-54-3
—
7782-50-5
7647-01-0
7664-38-2
78-93-3
—
75-09-2
100-42-5
—
—
74-85-1
— ,
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Chemical Emissions
Pounds
Methanol
Zinc compounds
Ammonia
Nitrate compounds
Toluene
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Carbon disulfide
n-Hexane
Manganese compounds
Chlorine
Hydrochloric acid
Phosphoric acid
Methyl ethyl ketone
Copper compounds
Dlchloromethane
Styrene
Glycol ethers
Chromium compounds
Ethylene
Lead compounds
Subtotal
Total
27,987,712
2,327,688
35,870,521
12,981
41,711,487
20,296,828
3,212,583
22,361,785
806,259
1,119,170
1,934,070
196,086
20,641,669
1,198,319
21,519,922
10,917,192
8,347,921
168,943
16,159,552
434,594
237,225,282
355,271,752
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
178,370,259
3,506,502
118,910,062
334,102
83,670,741
62,388,723
69,569,637
49,482,089
1,020,847
65,308,331
63,180,765
851,959
38,426,835
666,754
31,900,543
31,011,969
31,823,871
237,261
19,627,812
752,764
851,041,826
1,096,818,210
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
7,353,977
1,065,164
8,267,591
117,714,518
68,697
39,902
66,555
218,217
1,901,227
465,787
4,985
28,367,233
74,989
62,013
10,060
12,864
143,511
137,319
25,228
50,186
166,050,023
173,288,209
Underground Injection
Class I Class H-V
Wells Wells
Pounds Pounds
23,801,105
129,498
24,180,232
39,398,312
325,920
130,351
3,788
101,579
14,880
74,196
260,005
9,716
432,767
298,693
749,507
228,317
99,208
37,422
0
794
90,276,290
203,572,710
499,383
0
225,985
250
3,355
2,620
0
0
2,808
0
0
0
5
14,683
0
0
0
0
0
0
749,089
756,399
Note: On-site Rcl cases from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R.
and blindness. Inhalation of methanol at relatively
high doses affects the liver and blood in animals.
Methanol is expected to have low toxicity to
aquatic organisms and is not likely to persist in
water or to bioaecumulate in aquatic life.
Environmental Fate. Methanol reacts in air to
produce formaldehyde, which contributes to
formation of air pollutants. In the atmosphere, it
can react with other chemicals or be washed out by
rain, Methanol is readily degraded by micro-
organisms in soils and surface waters.
Zinc Compounds
Uses. Zinc is used as a coating on iron and steel
and in making brass metal alloys. Zinc compounds
are widely used in industry to make paint, rubber,
dye, wood preservatives, and ointments.
Toxicity. Zinc compounds are listed on TRI pri-
marily because of concerns for the toxicity of the
parent metal, zinc. EPA has categorized zinc as a
Group D carcinogen, meaning that sufficient
evidence is not available to classify zinc as to its
cancer-causing potential. EPA has established an
oral reference does (RfD) of 0.3 mg/kg/day for
soluble zinc salts. Zinc has been shown to damage
34
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Chapter 2 — 1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-9. Top 20 Chemicals with Largest Total On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996, Continued
On-site Land Releases
CAS
Number
67-56-1
—
664-41-7
—
108-88-3
330-20-7
75-15-0
110-54-3
—
782-50-5
647-01-0
664-38-2
78-93-3
—
75-09-2
100-42-5
—
—
74-85-1
—
Chemical
Methanol
Zinc compounds
Ammonia
Nitrate compounds
Toluene
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Carbon disulfide
n-Hexane
Manganese compounds
Chlorine
Hydrochloric acid
Phosphoric acid
Methyl ethyl ketone
Copper compounds
Dichloromethane
Styrene
Glycol ethers
Chromium compounds
Ethylene
Lead compounds
Subtotal
Total
RCRA
Subtitle C
Landfills
Pounds
10,041
14,985,107
444,378
3,415
143,008
10,465
0
547
4,583,105
0
0
43,325
36,301
968,892
15
90,680
1,000
864,202
7,800
1,657,584
23,849,865
26,454,969
Other
On-site Land
Releases
Pounds
1,921,624
79,857,092
3,159,106
3,710,521
414,152
48,486
270
23,365
35,566,390
312,638
23,148
31,417,396
103,297
47,098,824
4,942
176,010
57,625
25,270,469
280
9,910,784
239,076,419
282,608,237
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
239,944,101
101,871,051
191,057,875
161,174,099
126,337,360
82,917,375
72,852,833
72,187,582
43,895,516
67,280,122
65,402,973
60,885,715
59,715,863
50,308,178
54,184,989
42,437,032
40,473,136
26,715,616
35,820,672
12,806,706
1,608,268,794
2,138,770,486
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
1,411,828
105,122,823
1,917,792
2,590,615
1,022,535
499,478
19,097
291,798
26,664,625
21,045
236,994
2,331,930
247,023
6,935,031
116,409
3,251,349
653,180
11,759,262
10,845
21,476,996
186,580,655
294,736,096
Total On-
and Off-site
Releases
Pounds
241,355,929
206,993,874
192,975,667
163,764,714
127,359,895
83,416,853
72,871,930
72,479,380
70,560,141
67,301,167
65,639,967
63,217,645
59,962,886
57,243,209
54,301,398
45,688,381
41,126,316
38,474,878
35,831,517
34,283,702
1,794,849,449
2,433,506,582
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R
the developing fetus at doses as low as 100 mg/kg/
day in animal studies.
Environmental Fate. Many zinc salts are highly
soluble in water. Zinc and its salts are highly toxic
to aquatic organisms. Zinc is likely to persist in
water. Its concentration in aquatic tissue is expected
to be significantly higher than its concentration in
surrounding water.
Ammonia
Uses. Ammonia is used in the manufacture of
nitrogen compounds, including chemicals used as
fertilizers or in making nylon and plastics. It is also
used in refrigeration, paper and pulp production,
explosives, cleaners, and metal-treating operations.
Toxicity. Anhydrous ammonia is a corrosive and
severely irritating gas with a pungent odor; it is
irritating to the skin, eyes, nose, throat, and upper
respiratory system.
Aqueous ammonia is moderately toxic to aquatic
organisms. Because it is a source of nitrogen, an
essential element for aquatic plant growth, ammo-
nia may contribute to eutrophication of standing or
slow-moving surface water, particularly in
nitrogen-limited waters, such as the Chesapeake
Bay.
35
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Chapter 2—f 906 TRI Releases and Transfers
Environmental Fate. Ammonia combines with
sulfate ions in the atmosphere and is washed out by
rainfall, resulting in rapid return of ammonia to the
soil and surface waters. Ammonia is a central
compound in the environmental cycling of nitrogen.
Ammonia in lakes, rivers, and streams is converted
to nitrate.
Nitrate Compounds
Uses. There are many compounds covered by the
nitrate compounds category, and they have many
uses. The most significant use is as fertilizers, either
straight or blended to make complex fertilizers.
Some compounds are also used as oxidizing agents
and as constituents in some explosives and pyro-
technics. Nitrate compounds are also used as
refining agents for removing air bubbles from melts
in the glass and enamel industry and in metallurgy
as heat-transfer baths for quench hardening and
tempering of steel, light alloys, and copper alloys.
Toxicity. Nitrate compounds that are soluble in
water release nitrate ion which can cause both
human health and environmental effects. Human
infants exposed to aqueous solutions of nitrate ion
can develop a condition in which the blood's ability
to carry oxygen is reduced. This reduced supply of
oxygen can led to damaged organs and death.
Because it is a source of nitrogen, an essential
element for aquatic plant growth, nitrate ion may
contribute to eutrophication of standing or slow-
moving surface water, particularly in nitrogen-
limited waters, such as the Chesapeake Bay.
Environmental Fate. Nitrate-nitrogen is the form
of nitrogen most available to plants. In the environ-
ment, nitrate ion is taken up by plants and becomes
part of the natural nitrogen cycle. Excess nitrate can
stimulate primary production of plants and can
produce changes in the dominant species of plants,
leading to cultural eutrophication and ultimately to
deterioration of water quality.
Toluene
Uses. Toluene is a flammable liquid used in the
manufacture of organic chemicals, as a solvent for
paint, gums, and resins. It is also a constituent of
gasoline.
Toxicity. Inhalation or ingestion of toluene can
cause headaches, confusion, weakness, and
memory loss. Toluene may also affect the way the
kidneys and liver function. Some studies have
shown that unborn animals were harmed when
high levels of toluene were inhaled by their
mothers, although the same effects were not seen
when the mothers were fed large quantities of
toluene.
Reactions of toluene in the atmosphere contribute
to the formation of ozone in the lower atmosphere.
Ozone can affect the respiratory system, especially
in sensitive individuals such as asthma or allergy
sufferers.
Environmental Fate. As a volatile organic chemi-
cal, toluene will react with other atmospheric
components in the lower atmosphere, contributing
to the formation of ozone and other air pollutants.
The majority of releases to land and water will
evaporate. Toluene may also be degraded by
microorganisms.
Metals and Metal Compounds
Both metals and their metal compounds are listed
on TRI. Releases, on-site waste management, and
off-site transfers reported in 1996 for these chemi-
cals appear in Tables 2-10 and 2-11. Under
EPCRA section 313, facilities that manufacture,
process, or otherwise use metal compounds report
only the metal portion of the metal compound. For
example, a facility that releases a copper com-
pound, such as copper sulfate, would report as a
release only the weight of the copper, not the
weight of the entire copper compound. This is
done to capture information on the targeted portion
of each member of the category, so that
36
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Chapter 2— 1996 TRI Releases and Transfers Ek
Table 2-10. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of Metals and Metal Compounds, 1996
Air
Chemical
Antimony and
antimony compounds
Arsenic and »
arsenic compounds
Barium and
barium compounds
Beryllium and
beryllium compounds
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cobalt and
cobalt compounds
Copper and
copper compounds
Lead and
lead compounds
Manganese and
manganese compounds*
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
Selenium and
selenium compounds
Silver and
silver, compounds
Thallium and
thallium compounds
Zinc and
zinc compounds**
Total
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
35,250
108,842
93,581
39
7,890
522,191
23,366
5,515,158
626,869
7,558,035
12,155
335,509
1,991
9,277
0
2,961,395
17,811,548
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
78,347
46,076
248,867
1,215
36,774
372,505
40,060
" 1,374,259
1,178,551
1,405,101
4,942
371,280
45,318
15,322
0
4,507,867
9,726,484
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
40,274
4,468
91,867
32
4,624
711,411
32,290
108,791
62,419
2,018,602
541
88,809
2,501
8,296
0
1,077,226
4,252,151
Underground Injection
Class I Class H-V
Wells Wells
Pounds Pounds
13,908
61,280
750
0
82
37,431
15,917
339,720
794
14,881
9
90,253
3,100
370
0
129,498
707,993
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
14,688
0
2,815
0
250
0
0
0
0
17,753
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 and Off-site Releases torn. Section 6 (off-site ttaasfeis to disposal) of Form R
*One feeililjf reported 6,211,171 pounds of fugitive air emissions of manganese in error for 1996, the correct amount is 750 pounds Fugitive air emissions for
maganese and maganese compounds should be 1,347,614 pounds
**Only fume and dust forms of zinc metal are reportable.
information on the listed portion of the compound
is collected in TRI.
Metals (including the metal portion of metal com-
pounds) differ from other TRI chemicals because
they do not degrade and are not destroyed. Other
TRI-listed chemicals can be destroyed by sunlight,
heat, microorganisms, or other chemicals. Although
metals cannot be destroyed, they may be converted
to a less toxic form. For example, many facilities
convert hexavalent chromium (a known
carcinogen) to the less toxic trivalent form before
releasing or transferring it to off-site locations.
Other metal waste may be treated before disposal so
that the metal will be less likely to be transported
through soils. Although such treatment may limit
the availability of the metal to the environment, it
does not destroy the metal.
Releases of TRI metals and metal compounds in
1996 totaled 217,9 million pounds, as shown in
Table 2-10. Note that a few other metals [for
example, aluminum (fume or dust) and certain
metal-containing pesticides] are also reportable to
TRI, but are not included in this table because they
do not have associated compound categories. The
37
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Chapter 2 — 1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-10. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of Metals and Metal Compounds, 1996, Continued
On-site Land Releases
Chemical
Antimony and
antimony compounds
Arsenic and
arsenic compounds
Barium and
barium compounds
Beryllium and
beryllium compounds
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cobalt and
cobalt compounds
Copper and
copper compounds
Lead and
lead compounds
Manganese and
manganese compounds*
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
Selenium and
selenium compounds
Silver and
silver compounds
Thallium and
thallium compounds
Zinc and
zinc compounds**
Total
RCRA
Subtitle C
Landfills
Pounds
107,945
16,091
66,678
28,000
58,179
1,196,377
39,040
1,375,076
1,782,543
4,627,631
6
156,007
0
0
0
15,006,828
24,460,401
Other
On-site Land
Releases
Pounds
1,876,063
1,833,695
1,773,639
19,428
495,268
25,703,645
248,330
50,045,648
13,196,913
45,562,235
531
3,803,581
211,266
51,999
0
86,635,257
231,457,498
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
2,151,787
2,070,452
2,275,382
48,714
602,817
28,543,560
399,003
58,773,340
16,848,089
61,189,300
18,184
4,845,689
264,176
85,264
0
110,318,071
288,433,828
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
4,419^20
1,243,489
4,701,773
3,030
938,552
16,744,943
699,089
21,428,628
23,220,634
40,570,018
25,884
8,238,804
62,275
31,868
0
107,600,650
229,928,957
Total On-
and Off-site
Releases
Pounds
6,571,107
3,313,941
6,977,155
51,744
1,541,369
45,288,503
1,098,092
80,201,968
40,068,723
101,759,318
44,068
13,084,493
326,451
117,132
0
217,918,721
518,362,785
Note: On-sMc Releases from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R
*One facility reported 6,211,171 pounds of fugitive air emissions of manganese in error for 1996, the correct amount is 750 pounds Fugitive air emissions for
manganese and manganese compounds should be 1 £47,614 pounds.
**0n!y fume and dust forms of rinc metal are reportable.
large majority (88.7%) of on-site releases of metals
and metal compounds were land releases. Off-site
transfers to disposal are also often land releases.
For metals and metal compounds, on-site land
releases and off-site disposal together accounted
for 93.7% of total releases. Zinc and its
compounds and manganese and its compounds
together accounted for 61.7% of on- and off-site
releases presented in Table 2-10;1 compounds of
1 The error reported on Table 2-10 makes no significant difference (0.5%) in
this analysis.
both metals were among the top 20 TRI chemicals
for releases (see Table 2-9).
On-site waste management of metals and metal
compounds totaled 2.06 billion pounds in 1996, as
shown in Table 2-11. By far the largest portion of
this was recycled, 1.98 billion pounds or 96.0% of
the total. Similarly, of the 1.81 billion pounds of
metals and metal compounds sent off-site for
further waste management, recycling accounted for
1.73 billion pounds or 95.4%. Copper and its
compounds ranked first for recycling both at the
facility and at other locations, with 926.9 million
38
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Chapter 2 — 1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-11. TRI Other On-site Waste Management and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management of Metals
and Metal Compounds, 1996
Chemical
Antimony and
antimony compounds
Arsenic and
arsenic compounds
Barium and
banum compounds
Beryllium and
beryllium compounds
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cobalt and
cobalt compounds
Copper and
copper compounds
Lead and
lead compounds
Manganese and
manganese compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
Selenium and
selenium compounds
Silver and
silver compounds
Thallium and
thallium compounds
Zinc and
zinc compounds**
Total
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
9,687,071
6,123,353
37,231,106
38,389
8,335,956
55,956,018
3,993,972
926,877,740
605,496,338
167,198,587
850,230
42,663,278
601,563
1,180,088
0
1 10,195,972
1,976,429,661
Energy
Recovery
On-site*
Pounds
109,302
0
220,521
0
0
61,449
0
123,156
89,267
21,216
0
54,474
0
0
0
102,429
781,814
Treated
On-site
Pounds
1,314,869
162,032
6,952,920
921
136,455
5,735,179
1,254,768
47,438,898
3,753,868
1,271,142
4,115
3,716,271
29
3,994,082
0
5,650,980
81,386,529
Total
On-site
Waste
Management
Pounds
11,111,242
6,285,385
44,404,547
39,310
8,472,411
61,752,646
5,248,740
974,439,794
609,339,473
168,490,945
854,345
46,434,023
601,592
5,174,170
0
115,949,381
2,058,598,004
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
5,814,806
1,119,459
2,864,642
111,128
1,105,529
113,926,660
8,639,502
733,814,441
319,323,729
142,331,048
25,748
98,921,322
133,241
3,055,284
0
298,971,948
1,730,158,487
Note: On-site Waste Management data from Section 8 and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding off-site
transfers to disposal) ofForm R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste management code
*Meta!s do act bum and do not contribute to combustion Therefore, metals should not be reported as combusted for energy recovery Any value other
than zero represents misreporting
**Only fume and dust forms of zinc metal are reportabte
pounds recycled on-site and 733.8 million pounds
off-site.
Some facilities reported transfers of metals in
waste off-site for treatment by POTWs. Treatment
processes employed at POTWs may remove the
metal from a waste stream or convert the metal
into a less toxic form, but they do not destroy the
metal. For example, public sewage treatment
plants will remove some fraction of the metals
during treatment of the waste stream when
removing solid materials. The amounts removed
are then generally sent to a landfill for disposal.
The metal waste that is not removed remains in the
wastewater and will pass through the treatment
plant and into the aquatic environment.
OSHA Carcinogens
Some chemicals are listed in TRI because they are
either known human carcinogens or suspect
carcinogens (see Box 2-4). Known human carcino-
are those that have been shown to cause
cancer in humans. Suspect carcinogens are those
39
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Chapters—1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-11. TRI Other On-site Waste Management and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management of Metals
and Metal Compounds, 1996, Continued
Chemical
Antimony and
antimony compounds
Arsenic and
arsenic compounds
Barium and
barium compounds
Beryllium and
beryllium compounds
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cobalt and
cobalt compounds
Copper and
copper compounds
Lead and
lead compounds
Manganese and
manganese compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
Selenium ana
selenium compounds
Silver and
sflver compounds
Thallium and
thallium compounds
Zinc and
zinc compounds**
Total
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery*
Pounds
97,012
326
228,123
0
1,613
56,368
2,020
83,758
74,305
259,552
500
71,961
5,455
0
0
372,253
1,253,246
Other
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
902,319
1,814,504
1,759,760
4,566
227,611
3,971,183
126,429
3,109,147
14,078,006
7,664,467
14,441
2,924,939
45,098
35,562
5
43S049,381
79,727,418
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
116,956
532
393,780
1
3,147
297,040
13,966
526,578
47,511
395,643
15
180,123
426
2,648
0
429,381
2,407,747
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
2
0
2,941
0
1
5,441
47,000
18,163
728,614
60,863
0
12,301
8,464
257
0
71,441
955,488
Total Transfers
for Further
Waste
Mangement
Pounds
6,931,095
2,934,821
5,249,246
115,695
1,337,901
118,256,692
8,828,917
737,552,087
334,252,165
150,711,573
40,704
102,110,646
192,684
3,093,751
5
342,894,404
1,814,502,386
Note: On-stte Waste Management data ftom Section 8 and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding off-site transfers
Jo disposal) ofFonn R. Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste management code
*MetaIs do not bum and do not contribute to combustion. Therefore, metato should not be reported as combusted for energy recovery Any value other ttan
zero represents misrcporting.
** Only fume and dust forms of zinc metal are reportable.
chemicals that have been shown to cause cancer in
animals. TRI thresholds for reporting known and
suspect carcinogens in mixtures are lower than for
other substances. Table 2-12 shows releases for
these chemicals.
Clarification of the Basis for Carcinogen
Listings on the EPCRA Section 313 List of
Toxic Chemicals
Under section 313, a chemical does not have to be
counted towards threshold and release calculations
if it is present in a mixture below a certain con-
centration. This is known as the section 313 "de
minimis" concentration in mixture. When the
section 313 rule was developed, EPA adopted tihe
de minimis percentages from the Occupational
Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA)
Hazard Communication Standards (29 CFR
1910.1200), because much of the information that
industry would have relating to chemicals in mix-
tures would most likely be from the material safety
data sheet (MSDS) on that mixture. The OSHA de
minimis limitation is 0.1% if the chemical is a
40
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Chapter 2—1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Box 2-4. Basis of OSHA Carcinogen Listing for Individual Chemicals
Chemical
IARC NTPOSHA
Chemical
IARC NTPOSHA
Acetaldehyde 2B P —
Acetamide 2B — —
2-Acetylaminofluorene — P Z
Acryiamide • 2A P —
Acrylonitrile 2A P Z
2-Aminoanthraquinone — P —
4-Aminoazobenzene 2B — —
4-Aminobiphenyl 1 K Z
l-Amino-2-methylanthraquinone — P —
Amitrole 2B P
o-Anisidine 2B — —
o-Anisidinehydrochloride * — P —
Arsenic and inorganic arsenic compounds J Kt Z
Asbestos (friable) 1 K Z
Atrazine 2B — —
Benzene 1 K Z
Benzidme 1 K Z
Benzoic trichloride 2B P —
Beryllium and beryllium compounds 1 Pt —
Bis(chloromethyl)emer 1 K Z
1,3-Butadiene 2A , P —
C.I. Acid Red 114 2B '" — —
CI Direct Black 3 8 2A P —
C I. Direct Blue 6 2A P —
C I. Direct Brown 95 2A — —
C-LFoodRedS 2B — —
C.I. Solvent Yellow 34 (Auramine) 2B — —
Cadmium and cadmium compounds 1 Pt —
Carbon tetrachloride 2B P —
Chlordane 2B — —
Chlorendic acid 2B P —
p-Chloroaniline 2B — —
Chloroform 2B P —
Chloromethyl methyl ether 1 K Z
3-Chloro-2-methyl-l-propene — P —
Chlorophenols 2B — —
p-Chloro-o-tolmdine 2B — —
Chromium (VI) compounds IK-—
Cobalt and cobalt compounds 2B •— —
Creosote 2A — —
p-Cresidine 2B P —
Cupferron — P —
2,4-D$ 2B — —
2,4-D butoxyethylesteri 2B — —
2,4-D butyl esterf 2B — —
2,4-D chlorocrotyl estert
2,4-D 2-ethylhexyl esterf
2,4-D 2-ethyl-4-methylpentyl esterf
2,4 -Diammoanisole
2,4-Diammoanisole sulfate
4,4 '-Diaminodiphenyl ether
2,4 -Diaminotomene
Diammotoluene (mixed isomers)
1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane
1,2-Dibromoethane
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
Dichlorobenzene (mixed isomers)
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidinedihydrochloride
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine sulfate
1,2-Dichloroethane
Dichloromethane
trans-1,3-Dichloropropene
1,3-Dichloropropylene
Dichlorvos
Diepoxybutane
Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
Diethyl sulfate
Diglycidyl resorcmol ether
Dihydrosafrole
3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine
3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidmedihydrochloride
3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidinehydrochloride
4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidme
3,3 '-Dimethylbenzidme dihy drochloride
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidmedihydrofluoride
Dimethylcarbamyl chloride
N,N-Dimethylfbrmarmde
1,1 -Dimethylhydrazine
Dimethyl sulfate
1,4-Dioxane
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine
2,4-D isopropyl ester!
2,4-DP*
2,4-D propylene glycol butyl ether esterJ
2,4-D sodium salrf
Epichlorohydrin
Ethyl acrylate
Ethyleneimine
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2A
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2A
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2A
2B
2B
2A
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2A
2B
P —
P —
P —
P Z
P —
p
P —
P Z
P —
P —
P —
P —
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
— — Z
The list of TRI chemicals meeting the OSHA carcinogen standard and, therefore, reported when in a mixture at a concentration level below the de mimmis level
ofO l%,hasbeenupdated,andthislistreflectstheupdate ,
1-The chemical is carcinogenic to humans, 2A-The chemical is probably carcinogenic to humans, 2B-The chemical is possibly carcinogenic to humans
K-The chemical is known to be carcinogenic; P-The chemical may reasonably be anticipated to be carcinogenic
Note
IARC
NTP
OSHA Z-The chemical appears at 29 CFR Part 1910 Subpart Z
t Certain compounds
t Chlorophenoxy herbicides (IARC 2B)
41
-------
Chapter 2 — 1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Box 2-4. Basis of OSHA Carcinogen Listing for Individual Chemicals, Continued
Chemical
IARC NTPOSHA
Chemical
IARC NTP OSHA
Etliylcnc oxide 1 P Z
Ethylencthiourea 2B P —
Formaldehyde 2A P Z
Hcptaehlor 2B — —
Hcxachlorobcnzenc 2B P —
Hcxamethylphosphoramide 2B P —
Hydrazine 2B P —
Hydrazine sulfate — P —
Lead and inorganic lead compounds 2B — Z
Lindane 2B P —
Mccopropt 2B — —
Mcthoxonet 2B — —
Methoxonc sodium saltt 2B — —
4,4-Mcthylenebis(2-chloroaniline) 2A P —
4,4'-Methylcnebis(N,N-dimethyl) 2B P —
bcnzcncamine
4,4'-Mcthylcnedianiline 2B P Z
Michlcr's kctone — P —
Mustard gas IK —
alpha-Naphthylamine — — Z
bcta-Naphthylamine 1 K Z
Nickel 2B P —
Nickel compounds 1 Pt —
Nitrilotriacetic acid — P —
4-Nitrobiphenyl — — Z
Nitrofen 2B P —
Nitrogen mustard • 2A — —
2-Nitropropane 2B P —
N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine 2B P —
N-Nitrosodiethylamine 2A P —
N-Nitrosodimcthylamine 2A P Z
N-Nitrosodi-n-propylamine 2B P —
N-Nitroso-N-ethylurea 2A P —
N-Nitroso-N-methylurea 2A P —
N-Nitrosomethylvinylamine 2B P —
N-Nitrosomorpholine 2B P —
N-Nitrosonornicotine 2B P —
N-Nitrosopiperidine 2B P —
Pcntachlorophenol 2B — —
Phcnytoin 2B P —
PoIybrominatedbiphenyls(PBBs) 2B P —
Polychlorinatedbiphenyls(PCBs) 2A P —
Polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs):
Bcnz(a)anthraccne 2A P —
Benzo(b)fluoranthene 2B P —
Benzo(j)fluoranthene 2B P —
Benzo(k)fluoranthene 2B — —
Benzo(rst)pentaphene 2B — —
Benzo(a)pyrene 2A P —
Dibenz(a,h)acridine 2A P —
Dibenz(aJ)acridine 2B P —
Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene 2B P —
7H-Dibenzo(c,g)carbazole 2B P —
Dibenzo(a,e)pyrene 2B P —
Dibenzo(a,h)pyrene 2B P —
Dibenzo(a,l)pyrene 2B P —
7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene 2B — —
Indeno[l,2,3-cd]pyrene 2B P —
5-Methylchrysene 2B P —
1-Nitropyrene 2B — —
Potassium bromate 2B — —
Propane sultone 2B P —
beta-Propiolactone 2B P Z
Propyleneimme 2B P —
Propylene oxide 2B P —
Saccharin (manufacturing) 2B P —
Safrole 2B P —
Sodium o-phenylphenoxide 2B — —
Styrene 2B — —
Styrene oxide 2A — —
Tetrachloroethylene 2B P —
Thioacetamide 2B P —
4,4'-Thiodianiline 2B P —
Thiourea 2B P —
Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate 2B P —
Toluene-2,6-diisocyanate 2B P —
Toluene diisocyanate (mixed isomers) 2B P —
o-Toluidine 2B P —
o-Toluidinehydrochloride — P —
Toxaphene 2B P —
Trichloroethylene 2A — —
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol 2B P —
1,2,3-Tnchloropropane 2A — —
Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate 2A P —
Trypanblue 2B —- —
Urethane 2B P —
Vinyl acetate 2B —
Vinyl bromide 2A — —
Vinyl chloride 1 K Z
2,6-Xylidine 2B — —
Note: The list of TRI chemicals meeting the OSHA carcinogen standard and, therefore, reported when in a mixture at a concentration level below the de minimus
level of 0.1 %, has been updated, and this list reflects the update.
IARC; I-The chemical is carcinogenic to humans; 2A-The chemical is probably carcinogenic to humans, 2B-The chemical is possibly carcinogenic to humans
NTP. K-Thc chemical is known to be carcinogenic, P-The chemical may reasonably be anticipated to be carcinogenic.
OSHA: 2Xrhcchcmical8ppcarsat29CFRPartl910SubpartZ.
t Certain compounds.
t Chtorophcnoxy herbicides (IARC2B).
42
-------
Chapter 2— 7996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-12. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of OSHA Carcinogens, 1996
CAS
Number
75-07-0
60-35-5
79-06-1
107-13-1
60-09-3
92-67-1
90-04-0
7440-38-2
1332-21-4
1912-24-9
71-43-2
98-07-7
7440-41-7
—
542-88-1
106-99-0
7440-43-9
—
56-23-5
57-74-9
115-28-6
106-47-8
67-66-3
107-30-2
563-47-3
• —
7440-48-4
—
8001-58-9
120-71-8
135-20-6
94-75-7
1929-73-3
1928-43-4
101-80-4
95-80-7
25376-45-8
106-93-4
106-46-7
25321-22-6
91-94-1
612-83-9
64969-34-2
107-06-2
75-09-2
10061-02-6
542-75-6
62-73-7
117-81-7
64-67-5
101-90-6
94-58-6
119-90-4
20325-40-0
119-93-7
612-82-8
68-12-2
57-14-7
Chemical
Acetaldehyde
Acetamide
Acrylamide
Acrylonitrile
4-Aminoazobenzene
4-Aminobiphenyl
o-Amsidine
Arsenic
Asbestos (friable)
Atrazme
Benzene
Benzoic trichloride
Beryllium
Beryllium compounds
Bis(chloromethyl) ether
1,3-Butadiene
Cadmium
Cadmium compounds
Carbon tetrachlonde
Chlordane
Chlorendic acid
p-Chloroamhne
Chloroform
Chloromethyl methyl ether
3-Chloro-2-methy 1- 1 -propene
Chlorophenols
Cobalt
Cobalt compounds
Creosote
p-Cresidme
Cupferron
2,4-D (acetic acid)
2,4-Dbutoxyethyl ester
2,4-D 2-Ethylhexyl ester
4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl ether
2,4-Diammotoluene
Diammotoluene (mixed isomers)
1,2-Dibromoethane
1 ,4-Dichlorobenzene
Dichlorobenzene (mixed isomers)
3 ,3 '-Dichlorobenzidine
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidinedihydrochlonde
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine sulfate
1 ,2-Dichloroethane
Dichloromethane
trans- 1 ,3 -Dichloropropene
1,3-Dichloropropylene
Dichlorvos
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
Diethyl sulfate
Diglycidyl resorcinol ether
Dihydrosafrole
3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine
3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidmedihydrochlonde
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine dihydrochlonde
N,N-Dimethylformamide
1,1 -Dimethyl hydrazme
Air
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
1,637,438
5
2,751
291,729
0
0
1,443
32,882
1,398
5,067
3,365,712
7,925
9
30
0
1,429,487
1,926
5,964
140,533
660
0
97
3,086,308
199
331
1,851
19,372
3,994
382,479
1,665
0
2,218
262
2,160
9
211
10,404
6,503
93,651
239
1
0
0
434,047
21,519,922
810
8,686
5
80,785
3,024
255
533
0
2
3
0
368,967
259
Stacker
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
10,938,582
14
8,949
1,003,720
0
0
74
6,590
1,362
21,944
4,753,759
66
850
365
0
1,296,809
2,849
33,925
210,317
0
43
47
6,235,110
2,642
22,676
2,924
13,129
26,931
555,535
1,800
0
3,771
401
1,065
7
1,364
6,845
2,207
142,851
13,808
1
5
0
610,525
31,900,543
30
761
250
383,644
184
255
300
0
8
3
0
1,282,686
43
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
198,485
2
3,653
590
0
0
28
421
2
1,326
27,376
16
31
1
0
11,001
1,010
3,614
215
95
0
407
340,396
7
0
13
4,330
27,960
9,114
0
0
832
0
5
182
0
590
7
1,881
0
0
0
0
1,848
10,060
0
1,270
5
274
0
0
0
0
0
25
0
43,956
0
Underground Injection
Class I Class II-V
Wells Wells
Pounds Pounds
468,662
1,169,000
5,748,154
3,595,236
203
2
0
0
0
1
312,016
0
0
0
0
1,000
0
82
44,515
0
0
0
45,387
0
0
113,554
0
15,917
' 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7,600
24
2,000
0
0
0
0
5,126
749,507
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,220,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
750
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R
43
-------
Chapter 2— f 990 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-12. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of OSHA Carcinogens, 1996, Continued
On-site Releases to Land
CAS
Number
75-07-0
60-35-5
79-06-1
107-13-1
60-09-3
92-67-1
90-04-0
7440-38-2
1332-21-4
1912-24-9
71-43-2
98-07-7
7440-41-7
— ,
542-88-1
106-99-0
7440-43-9
—
56-23-5
57-74-9
115-28-6
106-47-8
67-66-3
107-30-2
563-47-3
—
744048-4
—
8001-58-9
120-71-8
135-20-6
94-75-7
1929-73-3
1928-43-4
101-80-4
95-80-7
25376-454
106-93-4
106-46-7
25321-22-6
91-94-1
612-83-9
64969-34-2
107-06-2
75-09-2
10061-02-6
542-75-6
62-73-7
117-81-7
64-67-5
101-90-6
94-S8-6
119-90-4
20325-40-0
119-93-7
612-82-8
68-12-2
57-14-7
Chemical
Acctaldehyde
Acefamide
Acrylamide
Aciylonitrile
4-Amffloaz0benzene
4-AminobiphenyI
o-Anisidine
Arsenic
Asbestos (friable)
Atrazine
Benzene
Bcnzoic trichloride
Beryllium
Beryllium compounds
Bis(ehloromethyl) ether
1,3-Butadiene
Cadmium
Cadmium compounds
Carbon tetntchloride
Chlordanc
Chlorendic acid
p-Chlotoaniline
Chloroform
Chloromethyl methyl ether
3-Chloro-2-methyH-propene
Chlorophenols
Cobalt
Cobalt compounds
Creosote
p-Cresidine
Cupferron
2,4-D (acetic aeid)
2,4-D butoxyethyl ester
2,4-0 2-Ethylhexyl ester
4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl ether
2,4-DiarninotoIuene
Diaminotoluene (mixed isomers)
1 ,2-Dibromoethane
1 ,4-Dichlorobenzene
Dichlorobenzene (mixed isomers)
3,3'-Dichlorobenziditte
S.S'-Dichlorobeazidine dihydrochloride
3,3'-Dichloroben2idine sulfate
1 ,2-Dichloroethane
Dichloromethane
trans- 1 ,3-Dichloropropene
1,3-DicWoropropylene
Diohlorvos
Di<2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
Bielhyl sulfate
Diglycidyl resorcinol ether
Dihydrosafrole
3,3'-Dimethoxyben2idine
3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine dihydrochloride
3,3-Dimethylbenzidine
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine dihydrochloride
N,N-Dimethylfbnnamide
1,1-Dimethylhydrazine
RCRA
Subtitle C
Landfills
Pounds
121
0
149,156
5
0
0
0
2,181
26,010
0
28,841
0
28,000
0
0
110
4,561
53,618
0
0
0
0
25,156
0
0
0
9,683
29,357
460
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
25,000
15
0
0
0
264
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,350
0
Other
On-site Land
Releases
Pounds
16,679
0
0
297
0
0
0
96,577
453,549
614,353
47,316
0
3,240
16,188
0
153
46,859
448,409
0
0
0
5
7,553
0
0
0
57,053
191,277
250
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
10
1
480
0
0
0
0
250
4,942
0
0
0
70,047
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
278
1
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
13,259,967
1,169,021
5,912,663
4,891,577
203
2
1,545
138,651
, 482,321
642,691
8,535,770
8,007
32,130
16,584
0
2,738,560
57,205
545,612
395,580
755
43
556
9,739,910
2,848
23,007
118,342
103,567
295,436
947,838
3,465
0
7,076
663
3,230
198
1,575
25,449
8,742
240,863
14,047
2
5
0
1,076,796
54,184,989
840
10,717
260
535,014
3,208
510
833
0
10
31
0
2,917,237
303
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
2,463
0
301,575
6,639
0
0
1
47,420
3,316,112
188,963
65,750
0
1,590
1,440
0
4,790
39,864
898,688
9,245
0
0
0
38,868
70
0
2,290
139,708
559,381
7,333,126
0
0
6,017
0
2,077
53
0
23,286
0
0
10
5,550
0
0
91,249
116,409
0
0
1,228
1,762,843
47
0
0
0
0
229
0
184,053
425
Total On-
and Off-site
Releases
Pounds
13,262,430
1,169,021
6,214,238
4,898,216
203
2
1,546
186,071
3,798,433
831,654
8,601,520
8,007
33,720
18,024
0
2,743,350
97,069
1,444,300
404,825
755
43
556
9,778,778
2,918
23,007
120,632
243,275
854,817
8,280,964
3,465
0
13,093
663
5,307
251
1,575
48,735
8,742
240,863
14,057
5,552
5
0
1,168,045
54,301,398
840
10,717
1,488
2,297,857
3,255
510
833
0
10
260
0
3,101,290
728
Note: On-sitc Releases from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R.
44
-------
Chapter 2 —1996 TRI Re/eases and Transfers
Table 2-12. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases off OSHA Carcinogens, 1996, Continued
Air
CAS
Number
77-78-1
123-91-1
120-36-5
2702-72-9
106-89-8
140-88-5
151-56-4
75-21-8
96-45-7
50-00-0
76-44-8
118-74-1
302-01-2
10034-93-2
7439-92-1
58-89-9
93-65-2
94-74-6
101-14-4
101-61-1
101-77-9
505-60-2
134-32-7
7440-02-0
—
139-13-9
79-46-9
59-89-2
87-86-5
57-41-0
—
1336-36-3
—
7758-01-2
1120-71-4
75-55-8
75-56-9
81-07-2
94-59-7
100-42-5
96-09-3
127-18-4
62-56-6
584-84-9
91-08-7
26471-62-5
95-53-4
79-01-6
88-06-2
96-18-4
51-79-6
108-05-4
593-60-2
75-01-4
87-62-7
Chemical
Dimethyl sulfate
1,4-Dioxane
2,4-DP
2,4-0 sodium salt
Epichlorohydrin
Ethyl acrylate
Ethyleneunine
Ethylene oxide
Ethylene thiourea
Formaldehyde
Heptachlor
Hexachlojabenzene
Hydrazme
Hydiazme sulfate
Lead
Lindane
Mecoprop
Methoxone
4,4'-Methylenebis(2-cMoroanilme)
4,4'-Methylenebis(N,N-dimethyl) benzenea
4,4'-Methylenediamline
Mustard gas
alpha-Naphthylamme
Nickel
Nickel compounds
NitnlotnacetJC acid
2-Nitropropane
N-Nitrosomorphohne
Pentachlorophenol
Pheaytoin
Polybromaiated biphenyls
Polychlorinatedbiphenyis (PCBs)
Polycyclic aromatic compounds
Potassium bromate
Propane sultoae
Propyleneiaiine
Propylene oxide
Saccharin (manufacturing)
Safrole
Styrene
Styrene oxide
Tetraohloroethylene
Thiourea
Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate
Toluene-2,6-diisocyanate
Toluenediisoeyanate (mixed isomers)
o-Tohndine
Tnchloroethylene
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
1 ,2,3 -Trichloropropane
Urethane
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl cMonde
2,6-Xyhdine
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Fugitive or
Nonpolnt Air
Emissions
Pounds
4,977
41,019
257
0
246,061
88,053
0
436,537
5
1,779,994
198
115
7,797
0
192,275
255
520
271
251
0
8,227
0
0
256,602
78,907
10
19,226
0
8,164
0
0
5
121,107
5
0
366
226,160
210
500
10,917,192
7
3,095,666
1,093
3,247
6,262
22,122
8,997
10,665,331
136
8,068
496
829,617
240
272,926
0
62,303,685
355,271,752
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
819
78,937
255
0
84,963
98,738
2
352,902
263
9,639,206
0
105
2,646
0
425,787
255
1,170
761
255
1
1,535
0
0
125,211
246,069
0
15,062
0
4,977
0
250
250
521,753
0
0
36
354,701
33
5
31,011,969
24
4,765,504
119
4,086
7,404
23,191
8,584
10,606,835
155
695
12,042
3,010,281
5,600
746,882
53
121,652,940
1,096,818,210
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
0
226,998
0
0
20,735
199
0
4,474
0
320,003
5
274
23
0
12,233
5
0
250
0
0
23
0
0
28,163
60,646
78
2,790
0
8,236
0
0
0
8,079
0
0
0
45,393
0
0
12,864
0
1,311
339
0
0
0
260
541
28
0
0
2,393
0
356
0
1,447,727
173,288,209
Underground Injection
Class I Class II-V
Wells Wells
Pounds Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
22,200
0
9,403,275
0
717
0
350,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
41,120
0
0
4,225
86,028
1,500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
12,141
0
0
228,317
0
13,436
5,000
0
0
0
17,450
1,291
0
0
0-
300,768
0
333
0
23,985,787
203,572,710
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,000
756,399
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R.
45
-------
Chapter 2 — 1996 TRl Releases and Transfers
Table 2-12. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of OSHA Carcinogens, 1996, Continued
On-site Releases to Land
CAS
Number
Pounds
77-78-1
123-91-1
120-36-5
2702-72-9
106-89-8
140-88-5
151-5&4
75-21-8
96-45-7
50-00-0
76-44-8
118-74-1
302-01-2
10034-93-2
7439-92-1
58-89-9
93-65-2
94-74-6
101-14-4
101-61-1
101-77-9
SOS-60-2
134-32-7
7440-02-0
—
139-13-9
79-46-9
59-89-2
87-86-5
57-41-0
—
1336-36-3
—
7758-01-2
U20-71-4
75-55-8
75-56-9
81-07-2
94-S9-7
IOO-42-S
96-09-3
127-18-4
62-S6-6
584-84-9
91-08-7
26471-62-5
95-53-4
79-01-6
88-06-2
96-18-4
51-79-6
108-05-4
593-60-2
75-01-4
87-62-7
Chemical
Dimethyl sulfate
1,4-Dioxane
2,4-DP
2,4-D sodium salt
Epkhlorohydrin
Ethyl acrylate
Ethylenoimine
Ethylene oxide
Ethylcnethiourea
Formaldehyde
Heptachlor
Hexaehlorobenzene
Hydrazine
Hydiazine sulfate
Lead
Lindanc
Meeoprop
Methoxone
4,4'-Methylenebis(2-chloroamline)
4,4'-Methylenebis(N,N-dimethyl)benzeneamine
4,4'-Methylenedianiline
Mustard gas
alpha-Naphthylamtae
Nickel
Nickel compounds
Nitrilotriacetic acid
2-Nitropropane
N-Nitrosomorpholine
Pentaehlorophenol
Phenytoin
Polybrominated biphenyls
Polychlorinatedbiphenyls (PCBs)
Polycyclic aromatic compounds
Potassium bromate
Propane sultone
Propylcneimine
Propylene oxide
Saccharin (manufacturing)
Safrole
Styrene
Slyrene oxide
Tetrachloroethylene
Thiourea
Toluene-2,4-diisoeyanate
Toluene-2,6-diisoeyanate
Toluenediisocyanate (mixed isomers)
o-Toiuidiae
Trichioroethylene
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
1 ,2,3-Trichloropropane
Urcthane
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
2,6-Xylidine
Subtotal
Total for AH TRl Chemicals
RCRA
Subtitle C
Landfills
Pounds
0
0
5
0
1
0
0
0
0
755
0
0
0
0
124,959
0
250
250
0
0
0
0
0
54,458
101,549
0
0
0
2,750
0
0
9,205
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
90,680
0
26,000
0
0
0
0
0
5,550
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
800,550
26,454,969
Other
On-site Land
Releases
Pounds
0
5,409
0
0
2,204
516
0
551
0
113,651
0
0
250
0
3,286,129
250
5
0
750
0
0
0
0
206,208
3,597,373
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
14,439
0
0
0
335
0
0
176,010
0
4,442
250
192
48
353
10
17,590
0
0
0
2,834
0
I
0
9,505,822
282,608,237
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
5,796
352,363
517
0
353,964
187,506
2
816,664
268
21,256,884
203
1,211
10,716
350,000
4,041,383
765
1,945
1,532
1,256
I
50,905
0
0
674,867
4,170,822
1,588
37,078
0
24,377
0
250
9,460
665,378
5
0
402
638,730
243
505
42,437,032
31
7,906,359
6,801
7,525
13,714
45,666
35,301
21,297,138
319
8,763
12,538
4,145,893
5,840
1,020,498
53
219,697,511
2,138,770,486
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
0
479,388
39
0
4,137
32,734
0
1,048
4,071
329,509
0
23,449
18,549
0
1,743,638
276
3,896
4,778
5
0
19,591
0
0
3,480,910
4,757,894
0
0
0
196,075
12,800
375
51,086
1,248,088
0
0
0
39,230
1,200
0
3,251,349
0
22,071
2,590
3,586
897
33,029
1,401
76,327
0
0
3,675
27,065
0
19,614
0
31,045,829
294,736,096
Total On-
and Off-site
Releases
Pounds
5,796
831,751
556
0
358,101
220,240
2
817,712
4,339
21,586,393
203
24,660
29,265
350,000
5,785,021
1,041
5,841
6,310
1,261
1
70,496
0
0
4,155,777
8,928,716
1,588
37,078
0
220,452
12,800
625
60,546
1,913,466
5
0
402
677,960
1,443
505
45,688,381
31
7,928,430
9,391
11,111
14,611
78,695
36,702
21,373,465
319
8,763
16,213
4,172,958
5,840
1,040,112
53
250,743,340
2,433,506,582
Notes On-site Releases from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form. R.
46
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Chapter 2 — 1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
known or suspect carcinogen by virtue of appearing
in one of three sources:
1. National Toxicology Program (NTP), "Annual
Report on Carcinogens" (Latest Edition);
2. International Agency for Research on Cancer
(IARC) "Monographs" (Latest Editions); or
3. 29 CFR 1910, Subpart Z, Toxic and
Hazardous Substances, Occupational Safety
and Health Administration.
The de minimis limitation is 1.0% for chemicals that
do not meet the above OSHA carcinogen criteria.
The carcinogen designation in the list of chemicals
relates to any chemical that the Agency determined
met the above OSHA criteria for the 0.1% de
minimis limitation. Box 2-4 shows the specific
bases for which the individual chemical was
designated as a known or suspect carcinogen. This
list was updated for last year's TRI data release,
based on a review of the NTP, IARC, and OSHA
sources.
Certain metal compound categories have two
de minimis limitations. For example, hexavalent
chromium compounds arid inorganic arsenic com-
pounds meet the OSHA carcinogen criteria, while
trivalent chromium compounds and organic arsenic
do not meet the OSHA criteria. These groups are
included in Table 2-12, even though not all com-
pounds may meet the criteria.
As shown in Table 2-12, TRI facilities reported
releases of 250.7 million pounds of OSHA carcino-
gens in 1996. This represents 10.3% of all releases
reported to TRI for the year. Releases were reported
for 113 OSHA carcinogens, out of 164 such
chemicals on the TRI list. Air emissions amounted
to almost two-thirds of the total (73.4%, or
184.0 million pounds). Dichloromethane was
released in the largest amount, 54.3 million pounds
or about one-fifth (21.7%) of the total.
Chemicals Affecting Children's
Health
Children are especially vulnerable to toxic
chemicals for a number of reasons, including their
body weight relative to food and air intake, their
behavior (play) patterns that result in the potential
for higher outdoor exposures, their developing
systems and their relative inability to identify and
protect themselves from exposure that are not
obvious threats. For those reasons, parents may
wish to user TRI information to identify chemicals
that may be of potential concern their child's
development.
In 1994, EPA added 286 toxic chemicals to the TRI
list. A full one-third of these chemicals were added
because of the developmental effects that they can
cause. These chemicals may cause effects such as
structural abnormalities, reduced birth weight, non-
viable births (as shown in animal studies) as well as
effects upon a growing child, hi 1996, on-and off-
site releases of these chemicals totaled 14.6 million
pounds. Table 2-13 lists the top 10 of these
chemicals for total releases.
Nitrate Compounds and Children's Health
Of all of the chemicals added in the 1995 reporting
year, Nitrate compounds were released in the
greatest quantities in the 1996 reporting year. Since
modem water treatment plants are required to
monitor and control nitrate levels in drinking water,
exposure to these compounds is limited. In addition
to causing adverse environmental impacts, nitrates
have been linked to infantile methemoglobinemia,
or 'blue-baby' syndrome. This condition, which
occurs in human infants exposed to aqueous
solutions of nitrate ion and which can cause
damage to developing organs and death, is caused
by the reduced capacity of the blood to carry
oxygen. Infants 0-3 months of age are the most
sensitive population to nitrate-induced
methemoglobmemia. This is primarily due to their
higher stomach pH which favors the growth of
nitrate-reducing bacteria, the immaturity of their
metabolic enzyme systems, and reduced capacity of
47
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Chapter 2—1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-13. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases for Developmental Toxins Added to TRI for 1995 Reporting Year, Top 10
Chemicals for Total Releases, 1996
CAS
Number
872-50-4
108-93-0
7632-00-0
—
128-04-1
1918-00-9
122-34-9
137-42-8
1689-99-2
333-41-5
Chemical
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone
Cyelohexanol
Sodium nitrite
Nicotine and salts
Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate
Dicamba
Simazine
Metham sodium
Bromoxynil oetanoate
Diazinon
Subtotal
Total for Developmental Toxins
Added to TRI for 1995 Reporting Year
Air
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
1,579,639
66,799
75,141
25,720
1,453
365
1,007
2,107
270
286
1,752,787
1,765,534
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
1,510,899
133,202
210,769
418,225
1,381
694
3,584
1,342
251
15,301
2,295,648
2,310,253
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
52,339
122
1,302,379
881
10
132
93
4
0
21
1,355,981
1,360,321
Underground Injection
Class I
Wells
Pounds
2,905,944
3,630,080
727,000
0
0
59,200
0
0
0
0
7,322,224
7,323,000
Class II-V
Wells
Pounds
1,760
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,760
1,760
Table 2-13, TRI On-site and Off-site Releases for Developmental Toxins Added to TRI for 1995 Reporting Year, Top 10
Chemicals for Total Releases, 1996, Continued
CAS
Number
872-50-4
108-93-0
7632-00-0
—
128-04-1
1918-00-9
122-34-9
137-42-8
1689-99-2
333-41-5
On-site Releases
RCRA
to Land
Other
Subtitle C On-site Land
Chemical
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone
Cyclohexanol
Sodium nitrite
Nicotine and salts
Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate
Dicamba
Simazine
Metham sodium
Bromoxynil octanoate
Diazinon
Subtotal
Total for Developmental Toxins
Added to TRI for 1995 Reporting Year
Landfills
Pounds
40,336
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
40,336
40,596
Releases
Pounds
26,613
74
63,654
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
90,343
90,343
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
6,117,530
3,830,277
2,378,943
444,826
2,844
60,391
4,684
3,455
521
15,608
12,859,079
12,891,807
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
550,926
3,221
504,474
426,142
121,595
0
54,457
15,937
16,605
1,000
1,694,357
1,723,751
Total On-
and Off-site
Releases
Pounds
6,668,456
3,833,498
2,883,417
870,968
124,439
60,391
59,141
19,392
17,126
16,608
14,553,436
14,615,558
48
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Chapter 2 — 1 996 TRI Re/eases and Transfers
their erythrocytes to reduce methemoglobin to
hemoglobin. Information concerning this chemical
is important to a family's right-to-know.
On- and off-site releases of nitrate compounds
reported to TRI in 1996 totaled 163.8 million
pounds, and as noted above, nitrate compounds
ranked fourth among all TM chemicals for total
releases. Another 131.2 million pounds of nitrate
compounds received other on-site waste
management, and 70.8 million pounds were
transferred off-site for further waste management.
(TRI data for 1996 for all chemicals appear in
Table 2-21, at the end of this chapter.)
Mercury and Children's Health
Exposure to high levels of mercury has been
associated with serious neurological and
developmental effects in humans. The fetal nervous
system has been found to be more sensitive to
mercury toxicity than that of adults. Women of
child-bearing age are therefore at greatest risk. Fish
consumption dominates the pathway for human and
wildlife exposure to mercury. While most United
States consumers aeed not be concerned about their
exposure to mercury, some exposures may be of
concern. Those who regularly and frequently
consume large amounts offish—either marine
species mat typically have much higher levels of
mercury than other seafood, or freshwater fish that
have been affected by mercury pollution—are more
highly exposed. In the recent Mercury Study
Report to Congress, EPA concluded that between
1% and 3% of women of child-bearing age eat
sufficient amounts of fish to be at risk from
mercury exposure.
In 1996, reporting of mercury and its compounds
totaled 44,000 pounds of on- and off-site releases,
854,000 pounds of other on-site waste
management, and 41,000 pounds transferred off-
site for further waste management. Such reporting
is expected to increase in the 1998 reporting year,
as electric utilities and other industry sectors are
added to TRI. (TRI data for 1996 for all chemicals
appear in Table 2-21, at the end of this chapter.)
Ozone and Children's Health
EPA has also noted that there are special concerns
relating to children's exposure to ozone. Children
are most at risk from exposure to ozone because:
children breathe more air per pound of body weight
than adults; children are more susceptible than
adults to environmental threats because of their
developing respiratory systems; and children are
outside most during the summer, when ozone levels
are the highest. Also, because asthma is a growing
concern in children., additional factors must be
taken into account in understanding ozone exposure
of asthmatic children. Concern has grown recently
because children are 25% of the population and
comprise 40% of the asthma cases; the asthma
death rate is three times as great as 20 years ago;
African-Americans die from asthma at a rate six
times that of Caucasians; and ozone aggravates
asthma,, increasing use of medication, medical
treatment, and visits to emergency clinics.
For ozone, 702,000 pounds were emitted to air in
1996, and another 2.2 million pounds were treated
on-site. (TRI data for 1996 for all chemicals appear
in Table 2-21, at the end of this chapter.) TRI also
captures releases of many VOCs that contribute to
ozone formation in the lower atmosphere. (See
VOCs later in this chapter for more information.)
Diffuse Sources
In an effort to put the TRI data into perspective, the
1996 TRI Public Data Release includes this section
on diffuse sources. Depending upon the emission
inventory, the definition of "diffuse sources" may
differ. For the purposes of this data release, diffuse
sources are those sources of chemicals that are not
captured by TRI. While TRI provides some key
environmental datas it also has some limitations, as
noted in Chapter 1. Although additional sectors will
begin reporting to TM for the 1998 reporting year,
TRI to date has covered only the manufacturing
sector and, since-1994, federal facilities.
Manufacturing represents a significant, but limited,
portion of the industrial world handling toxic
chemicals. For example, manufacturers of
49
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Chapter 2—1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
fertilizers and pesticides must report their releases,
transfers, and waste management to TRI, but the
subsequent application and release of these
chemicals by the agricultural sector is not captured
in TRI, Similarly, the release of VOCs from non-
industrial and mobile sources is not captured in TRI.
In addition, manufacturing facilities are not required
to report if they do not meet TRI's reporting
thresholds.
By supplying more information on other sources of
releases of certain chemicals and categories, the
1996 TRI Public Data Release endeavors to help the
public understand the relative role of industrial
releases (those releases reported to TRI) versus
those releases not reported to TRI, This section on
diffuse sources includes three subsections: fertilizer
use, pesticide use, and VOCs. The application of
fertilizers and pesticides are major sources of
releases that are not reported to TRI. Similarly, TRI
reports include only a portion of total VOC
emissions. Therefore, this year's data release has
included a brief discussion on each to provide the
public a context for those chemicals that are
reported to TRI.
Fertilizer Use
In 1996, a total of 44 billion pounds of fertilizers
were used in the United States (year ending June 30;
Chemical and Engineering News, June 23,1997).
That total included 24.5 billion pounds of nitrogen,
9.0 billion pounds of phosphates, and 10.4 billion
pounds of potash. Chemicals that are often used in
the production of fertilizer and are currently
reported to TRI include nitrate compounds (NO3),
ammonia (NH3), and phosphoric acid (P2O5).
Neither potash (K^O), nor its primary ingredient
potassium (K), are currently on the TRI list.
In 1996, TRI facilities reported 163.8 million
pounds of nitrate compounds released both on- and
off-site to the environment. Ammonia is the source
of nearly all nitrogen fertilizers. TRI facilities
reported on- and off-site releases of 193.0 million
pounds of ammonia. Comparing the sum of the TRI
reported releases of nitrate compounds and
ammonia with the total amount of nitrogen applied
as fertilizer, TRI reported releases make up
approximately 1.8% the total amount of nitrogen
applied as fertilizer in the United States during
1996.2 It is important to note that not all of the
nitrate compounds and ammonia reported to TRI
were generated during the production of fertilizer.
Although the most significant use is in the
manufacture of fertilizers, nitrate compounds are
also used as an oxidizing agent and as a constituent
in explosives and pyrotechnics, as a refining agent
in the glass and enamel industry, and in metallurgy
as heat transfer baths for quench hardening and
tempering of steel, light alloys, and copper alloys.
In addition to fertilizers, ammonia is used in
manufacturing nylon and plastics, refrigeration,
paper and pulp production, explosives, cleaners,
and metal-treating operations. This limited
comparison is useful, however, in an attempt to
gain perspective on the overall amounts of nitrogen
that facilities reported to TRI compared with total
releases of nitrogen through fertilizer use.
Similarly, TRI facilities reported 60.9 million
pounds of phosphoric acid released on- and off-site
in 1996. Phosphoric acid is the only form of
phosphate reported to TRI. Comparing the sum of
the TRI reported releases of phosphoric acid with
the total amount of phosphate applied as fertilizer,
TRI reported releases make up approximately 0.5%
of the total amount of phosphate applied as
fertilizer in the United States during 1996.3 It is
1 Note that in making this comparison, a number of assumptions are
necessary, including: (1) TRI requires reporting of only 10% of total
aqueous ammonia to surface water, underground injection, and transfers.
For the purposes of this comparison, total ammonia was determined by
multiplying reported amounts by 10; and (2) in determining the amount
of nitrogen reported to TRI, the ratio of the molecular weight of nitrogen
to nitrate compounds and nitrogen to ammonia was calculated to
determine the amount of nitrogen attributed to each reported chemical
3 In comparing phosphoric acid reported to TRI with total phosphate used
in fertilizers, the quantity of phosphoric acid reported to TRI was
converted to the equivalent P20S which is the standard unit of measure in
the industry
50
-------
Chapter 2—1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-14. Pesticide Use in Agricultural Crop Production, 1995, and TRI Releases and Transfers of Selected Pesticides,
19i6
CAS
Number Chemical
1912-24-9 Atrazme
21725-46-2 Cyanazine
• — DicMoropropene
94-75-7 2,4-D (acetic acid)
137-42-8 Metham sodium
74-95-3 Mefhylene bromide
40487-42-1 Pendiinethalin
15S2-09-8 TrifluraJin
Total
1995
Pesticide Use in
Agricultnra! Crop
Production
Millions of Pounds
of Active Ingredient
70,50
26.50
4050
33.50
51.50
42.50
25,50
2550
316,00
1996
Total On-
and Off-site
Releases
Pounds
831,654
5,031
21,790
13,093
19,392
99,292
3,142
67,681
1,061,075
1996
Total Transfers
Off-site for
Further Waste
Management
Pounds
252,417
22,422
360,285
31,898
6,496
0
5,108
111,795
790,421
1996
Total TRI
Releases
and Transfers
Pounds
1,084,071
27,453
382,075
44,991
25,888
99,292
8,250
179,476
1,851,496
TRI Total Releases
and Transfers as
Percent of Pesticide
Use In Agricultural
Crop Production
Percent
1.5
0.1
0.9
0.1
0,1
0,2
0,0
07
06
Note: Diehloroprapene' represented by two TRI chemicals, 2,3-dicMorop»pene and trans-1,3-dicMoropmpene. Pesticide use amounts from "Pesticides Industry
Sales and Usage," EPA 733-R-97-QG2, August 1997, US Enviionmenial Protection Agency, Washington, DC On-lite Releases item Section S of Fotm R Off-site
Releases fiom Section. 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Fotm R Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management torn Section 6 (excluding off-site transfers
to disposal) of Form R
important to note that most of the phosphoric acid
produced in the United States is neutralized and not
required to be reported to TRI. In addition, not all
of the phosphoric acid reported to TRI is generated
during the production of fertilizer. Phosphoric acid
is used in the manufacture of ethylene gas,
incandescent-light filaments, rubber, and textiles. It
also has numerous uses in food production,
including soft drinks and jellies. This limited
comparison is useful, however, in an attempt to
gain perspective on the overall amounts of
phosphate uses that are reported to TRI compared
with the application of phosphates through
fertilizer use in the agricultural sector.
Pesticide Use
The majority of the active ingredients registered as
pesticides (EPA registers approximately 875
pesticides) are "conventional pesticides" (i.e.,
chemicals developed and produced primarily for
use as pesticides). A number of chemicals
produced for other purposes are also often used as
pesticides. Of the 4.5 billion pounds of pesticides
used in 1995 in the United States, approximately 1
billion pounds, or 22%, are considered conventional
pesticides. To meet this demand, the United States
produces approximately 1.3 billion pounds, imports
approximately 0.2 billion pounds, and exports
approximately 0.5 billion pounds, (U.S. EPA,
Pesticides Industry Sales and Usage: 1994 and
1995 Market Estimates, EPA-733-R-97-G02,
August 1997)
Under TRI, EPA requires reporting of
approximately 180 currently active pesticides
registered with EPA's Office of Pesticide Programs.
The top eight conventional pesticides (in millions of
pounds) used in United States agricultural crop
production that are reported to TRI appear in Table
2-14.
These eight chemicals made up about 30% of the
total 1 billion pounds of conventional pesticides
used in the United States in 1995. A comparison of
51
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Chapter 2—1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
the amounts of pesticides used on crops with
releases reported by facilities covered by TRI shows
that on- and off-site releases are quite small (i.e.,
less than 0.4%, for these eight chemicals, of the
total amount used annually as pesticides by the
United States agricultural sector). It is important to
note that the estimate for pesticide use in U.S. crop
production is for 1995, while the TRI amount is for
1996. In addition, the agricultural sector accounts
for approximately 77% of the total U.S. annual
pesticide usage (the remainder used in industry/
government operations and by homeowners).
However, this limited comparison is useful in an
attempt to gain perspective on the overall amounts
of pesticides reported to TRI from the
manufacturing sector compared with the total usage
of conventional pesticides in the United States
agricultural sector.
Pesticides reportable to TRI for which reports were
received hi 1996 are denoted with an asterisk in
Table 2-21, which appears at the end of this chapter
and provides data for all TRI chemicals reported in
1996.
Volatile Organic Compounds
Under the Clean Air Act (40 CFR Parts 51 and 52),
EPA defines volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as
any compound of carbon that participates in
atmospheric photochemical reactions. VOCs do not
include carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonic
acid, metallic carbides or carbonates, and
ammonium carbonate, and they do not include those
chemicals that have been determined to have
negligible photochemical reactivity.
EPA's National Air Pollutant Emissions Trends
report estimates total U.S. emissions of VOCs in
1996 at approximately 19.1 million tons or 38.2
billion pounds (U.S. EPA, National Air Pollutant
Emissions Trends, 1900-1996, EPA-454/R-97-011,
December 1997). This amount includes a number of
sources, such as: industrial point sources (i.e.,
boilers and processes), utility sources (including
fossil-fueled steam electric generating boilers and
gas turbines), non-road engines and vehicles i
(including all transportation sources that are not
counted as highway vehicles), motor vehicles, area
sources (solvent use and small stationary sources),
and biogenic/natural sources. A number of these
sources are required to report under TRI. All TRI
chemicals are considered to be VOCs except for
metals, metal-containing compounds, and
inorganic chemicals on the list, as well as CFCs,
HCFCs, methylene chloride, 1,1,1-trichloroethane,
and tetracbloroethylene. By definition, 505 TRI
chemicals are considered VOCs. Total VOC air
emissions reported to TRI were 995 million
pounds, approximately 2.6% of the total 38.2
billion pounds of all VOCs emitted in 1996. The
20 VOCs in TRI with the largest air emissions
appear in Table 2-15.
1996 Data for All TRI Chemicals
Releases, on-site waste management, and off-site
transfers for further waste management, for all TRI
chemicals reported in 1996, are presented in Table
2-21, at the end of this chapter.
Prevention and
Management of TRI
Chemicals in Waste
The Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 (PPA)
requires facilities to report information about the
quantities of TRI chemicals managed in waste,
both on- and off-site. The PPA also requires
facilities to provide information about the efforts
they have made to reduce or eliminate those
quantities. Facilities began reporting this
information for the 1991 reporting year. This
section summarizes the PPA data provided by
facilities in their 1996 TRI reports.
The Pollution Prevention Act established as
national policy that source reduction is the
52
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Chapter 2 — 1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-15. TRI Air Emissions for Top 20 Volatile Organic Chemicals with Largest Total Air Emissions, 1996
1
CAS
Dumber
67-56-1
108-88-3
1330-20-7
75-15-0
110-54-3
78-93-3
100-42-5
—
74-85-1
115-07-1
71-36-3
79-01-6
463-58-1
108-10-1
75-07-0
50-00-0
108-95-2
100-41-4
67-66-3
71-43-2
Chemical
Metttanol
Toluene
Xylene (mixed isonaers)
Carbon disulfide
n-Hexane
Methyl etiiyl ketone
Styrene
Glycol ethers
Ethylene
Propylene
n-Butyl alcohol
Trichloroethylene
Carbonyl sulfide
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Acetaldehyde
Fonnaldehyde
Phenol
Etbylbenzene
Chloroform
Benzene
Subtotal for Top 20 TRI VOCs
Subtotal for All TRI VOCs
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
27,987,712
41,711,487
20,296,828
3,212,583
22,361,785
20,641,669
10,917,192
8,347,921
16,159,552
10,546,131
4,906,789
10,665,331
610,328
4,570,658
1,637,438
1,779,994
2,456,348
2,487,776
3,086,308
3,365,712
217,749,542
249,297,328
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
178,370,259
83,670,741
62,388,723
69,569,637
49,482,089
38,426,835
31,011,969
31,823,871
19,627,812
15,859,826
17,938,341
10,606,835
19,241,733
14,312,039
10,938,582
9,639,206
7,096,154
6,902,212
6,235,110
4,753,759
687,895,733
746,154,897
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
206,357,971
125,382,228
82,685,551
72,782,220
71,843,874
59,068,504
41,929,161
40,171,792
35,787,364
26,405,957
22,845,130
21,272,166
19,852,061
18,882,697
12,576,020
11,419,200
9,552,502
9,389,988
9,321,418
8,119,471
905,645,275
995,452,225
preferred approach to managing waste. Source
reduction means preventing waste from being
generated. The PP A also established as national
policy a hierarchy of waste management options,
illustrated in Figure 2-5, for situations where source
reduction cannot be implemented feasibly.
Although source reduction is the preferred method
of reducing risk, environmentally sound recycling
shares many of its advantages. Like source reduc-
tion, recycling reduces the need for treatment or
disposal of waste and helps conserve energy and
natural resources. Where source reduction and
recycling are not feasible, waste can be treated.
Release (including disposal) of a chemical is
viewed as a last resort, to be employed only if the
preferred methods of waste management cannot be
implemented. The PPA did not specifically address
the combustion of waste for energy recovery as a
waste management option. However, because
energy recovery shares aspects of recycling and
treatment, EPA chose to list this activity separately
in the waste management hierarchy.
Throughout this book, data tables present waste
management information in the order of the hier-
archy: recycling, energy recovery, treatment, and
release (including disposal).
53
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Chapter 2 —1996 7RI Releases and Transfers
Waste Management Hierarchy
JJI===x"l tt Li .
Disposal
Figure 2«5. Waste Management Hierarchy
Waste Management Information
Collected
The waste management information required by
the PPA is collected in Section 8 of TRI's Form R.
It includes: quantity released to the environment at
the facility and sent off-site for disposal; quantities
used for energy recovery at the facility or sent
off-site for energy recovery; quantities recycled at
the facility or sent off-site for recycling; and
quantities treated at the facility or sent off-site for
treatment, The amount of TRI chemicals in waste
reported includes both waste generated by the
facility and waste received by the facility for the
purpose of waste management. Box 2-5 further
describes waste management information reported
to TRI.
Facilities report this waste management data as
estimates for the reporting year (1996) and the
previous year (1995) and as projections for the two
following years (1997 and 1998). The PPA
requires the projected data to encourage facilities
to consider their future waste generation,
opportunities for source reduction, and potential
improvement in waste management options as
presented in the hierarchy. Future-year estimates
are not commitments that facilities reporting to TRI
must meet.
The individual quantities are mutually exclusive to
avoid double-counting. For example, an incinerator
may destroy 99% of the chemical in the waste; in
this case, the amount reported as treated on-site is
the amount destroyed by the incinerator, not the
amount that entered the incinerator. The amount not
destroyed in incineration (1%) is reported as
released. The sum of the individual quantities in a
given year equals the total quantity of TRI
chemicals in waste resulting from routine
production operations at a facility during that year.
For the reporting year only, facilities also must
report the quantity of waste released (including
disposal) as a result of activities other than routine
production operations. This quantity appears in the
data tables in this book as "non-production-related
waste." It includes waste released to the environ-
ment at the facility or transferred off-site because of
catastrophic events or remedial (clean-up) actions
at the facility. Non-production-related waste is
considered less amenable to source reduction
because facilities cannot reasonably anticipate these
quantities.
It is important to note that facilities may vary in
how they interpret some of the reporting require-
ments under the PPA. EPA has not yet specifically
defined in ralemaking the reporting requirements
for these data elements, so some facilities may
include in their reports amounts that other facilities
do not believe they must include. Because of this,
higher quantities of TRI chemicals in waste for a
particular state or industry may reflect not only
differences in actual quantities, but also different
interpretations of the reporting requirements.
Source Reduction Activities
Facilities reporting to TRI also provide information
about any source reduction activities they imple-
mented during the reporting year. Source reduction
activities are undertaken to reduce the amount of a
54
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Chapter 2—1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Box 2-5. An Explanation of Waste Management Information
An Explanation of Waste Management Information
Information about facilities management of TRI chemicals in. waste is reported in Section 8 of Form R,
Recycled On-site. This is the quantity of the toxic chemical recovered at the facility and made available for further use. It
is not the quantity that entered an oil-site recycling or recovery operation,
Recycled Off-site. This is the quantity of the toxic chemical that left the facility boundary for recycling, not the amount
recovered at the off-site location. This quantity includes the amount(s) reported in Section 6 of Form R as transferred off-
site for recycling, less any amounts) associated with non-routine events.
Used for Energy Recovery On-site. This is the quantity of the toxic chemical that was combusted ia some form of energy
re0o%fery device, such as a furnace (including kilns) or boiler. The toxic chemical should have a heating value high
enough to sustain combustion. To avoid double-counting, the amount reported represents the amount destroyed in the
combustion process, not the amount that entered the energy recovery unit For example, 100,000 pounds of toluene
entered a boiler that, on average, combusted 98% of the toluene. Any remaining toluene was discharged to air. A total of
98,000 pounds is reported as combusted for energy recovery (the remaining 2,000 pounds is reported as released).
Used for Energy Recovery Off-site. This is the quantity of the toxic chemical that left the facility boundary for energy
recovery, not the amount combusted at the off-site location. The toxic chemical must have a significant heating value, and
the off-site location must have some form of energy recovery unit in place. This quantity includes the amounts) reported
in Section 6 of Form R as transferred off-site for energy recovery, less any amount(s) associated with non-routine events.
Treated On-site. This is the quantity of the toxic chemical destroyed in on-site waste treatment operations, not the amount
that entered any treatment operation. For example, if 100,000 pounds of benzene were combusted in an incinerator that
destroyed 99% of the benzene, the facility would report 99,000 pounds as treated on-site (the remaining 1,000 pounds
would be reported as released).
Treated Off-site. This is the quantity of the toxic chemical that left the facility boundary and was sent to POTWs or other
off-site locations for treatment, not the amount that was destroyed at the off-site location(s). This quantity includes the
amount(s) reported in Section 6 of Form R as transferred to POTWs or other off-site locations for treatment, less any
amo«nt(s) associated with non-routine events.
Released On- and Off-site. This is the total quantity of the toxic chemical that was released to the environment or
disposed of at the facility (directly discharged to air, land, and water, and injected underground) or sent off-site for
disposal. This quantity is the sum of the amounts reported in Sections 5 and 6 of Form R (releases plus transfers to
disposal only) less any amount(s) associated with non-routine events.
Released to the Environment Due to One-time Events. This amount is referred to as non-production-related waste and is
the quantity released to the environment or sent off-site for recycling, energy recovery, treatment, or disposal due to one-
time events not associated with routine production practices. Such events include catastrophic events, such as accidental
releases, as well as remedial actions (clean up). This quantity is separated from the quantities recycled, used for energy
recovery, treated, and released, to distinguish between quantities that are routinely associated with production operations
and are more amenable to source reduction and that are not routinely associated with production processes and are
not so amenable to source reduction because they are not readily anticipated. This separation is important in assessing
progress in source reduction at facilities.
55
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Chapter 2— 1936 TRI Releases and Transfers
toxic chemical which enters a waste or is
otherwise released to the environment. By reducing
the generation of toxic chemicals in waste, source
reduction activities reduce the need to recycle, treat,
or dispose of toxic chemicals. Box 2-6 explains
source reduction as defined by the PPA.
A reported source reduction activity could have
been implemented at any time during the reporting
year. This is important to consider when analyzing
the impact that source reduction activities may have
had on the total quantity of waste that a facility
managed during the year. Undertaking a source
reduction activity late in the reporting year would
have a smaller impact on the amount of waste that
was managed during the year than implementing
the same activity earlier in the year.
Table 2-16 summarizes national source reduction
activity reporting by category for 1996. The most
frequently reported categories of source reduction
activities were good operating practices (8.6% of
all forms), process modifications (6.0%), and spill
and leak prevention (4.1%). These categories were
also the most frequently reported in previous years.
Nearly 5,900 facilities reported at least one source
reduction activity, a little more than one-quarter of
all reporting facilities. They submitted 13,988
forms that indicated at least one source reduction
activity, 19.6% of all forms submitted in 1996.
Thus5 for every form indicating source reduction
activity in 19965 four did not
Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste
National Overview
In 1996, facilities reported managing 23.42 billion
pounds of TRI chemicals in production-related
waste. They projected that their production-related
waste will increase to 24.17 billion pounds by
1998, an increase of 3.2% (see Table 2-17).
On-site waste management activities were
projected to increase 5.8%, from 17.74 billion
pounds to 18.78 billion pounds. This accounts for
the projected overall increase, offsetting decreases
of 3.4% in off-site waste management and 6.9% in
releases on- and off-site over the two years. All
on-site waste management types were projected to
increase, and all off-site types to decrease. Thus,
the projections indicate a small shift in \vhere
facilities expect to manage their waste, but little
change in how they expect to do so little
foreseeable progress in moving up the waste
management hierarchy.
Totals for 1996 reported in Section 8 of Form R
and presented in Table 2-17 show little overall
difference from comparable amounts reported in
Sections 5 and 6 of Form R and discussed earlier
Box 2-6. What Is Source Reduction?
What is Source Reduction?
Through source reduction, risks to people and the environment can be reduced, financial and natural resources can be
saved that would otherwise have to be expended on environmental clean-up or pollution control, and industrial processes
can become more efficient Source reduction is defined in the Pollution. Prevention Act of 1990 as any practice that:
• reduces the amount of any hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant entering any waste stream or
otherwise released into the environment (including fugitive emissions); and
• reduces the hazards to public health and the environment associated with the release of such substances,
pollutants, or contaminants.
Source redaction practices can include modifications in equipment, process, procedure, or technology, reformulation or
redesign of products, substitution of raw materials, and improvements in maintenance and inventory controls. Under this
definition, waste management activities, including recycling, treatment, and disposal, are not considered forms of source
reduction.
56
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Chapter 2 — f 996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-16. Facilities and Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity, by Category, 1996
Facilities Reporting
Source Reduction Activity
.
Source Reduction Activity
Categories
Good Operating Practices
Inventory Control
Spill and Leak Prevention
Raw Material Modifications
Process Modifications
Cleaning and Degreasing
Surface Preparation/Finishing
Product Modification
Any Source Reduction Activity
Number
2,652
582
1,152
1,453
2,001
638
646
551
5,899
As Percent
of All TRI
Facilities
Percent
12.3
2.7
5.3
6.7
9.3
3.0
3.0
2.5
27.3
Forms Reporting
Source Reduction Activity
Number
6,145
1,303
2,944
2,459
4,254
958
1,233
1,025
13,988
As Percent
of All TRI
Forms
Percent
8.6
1.8
4.1
3,4
6.0
1.3
1.7
1.4
19.6
Note: All source reduction activities on a form are counted in the corresponding category. Totals do not equal the snm of the above categories because facilities and
fcrnas may report more than one source reduction activity.
Table 2-17. Current Year, and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, 1996-1998
Waste Management Activity
On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released
On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
Current Year
1996
Pounds
17,744,196,508
7,842,595,142
2,761,739,445
7,139,861,921
3,257,227,459
2,230,297,511
510,267,931
516,662,017
2,414,916,746
23,416,340,713
Projected .
1997
Pounds
19,069,339,345
9,058,050,236
2,834,933,863
7,176,355,246
3,123,106,723
2,139,384,425
469,607,626
514,114,672
2,352,037,799
24,544,483,867
Projected
1998
Pounds
18,777,856,416
8,519,036,977
2,827,656,852
7,431,162,587
3,146,215,747
2,171,369,720
466,659,144
508,186,883
2,249,143,815
24,173,215,978
Note: Current year and projected year amounts are all taken ftom Section 8 of Form R for 1996.
57
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Chapter 2—1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
in this chapter (see Tables 2-2 and 2-4). Altogether,
releases and reported in Sections 5 and 6
totaled 85.0 million pounds (or 1.5%) less than
corresponding data reported in Section 8. The
largest absolute difference appeared in off-site
recycling, which was 79.7 million pounds (or 3.5%)
less when reported as off-site transfers in Section 6
than when reported as off-site waste management in
Section 8. The largest difference in percentage
terms was off-site energy recovery, where off-site
transfers in Section 6 were 6.5% (or 33.2 million
pounds) smaller than waste management quantities
reported in Section 8. The only category with a
smaller amount reported in Section 8 was treatment
off-site, where 9,3 million pounds (or 1.8%) more
were reported as transfers off-site to treatment and
to POTWs in Section 6 than as treated off-site in
Section 8. Metals reported in Section 6 should be
reported in Section 8.1, not 8.7.
These differences can arise because Section 5 and 6
amounts include releases and transfers resulting
from remedial actions or other one-time events;
these are reported separately in Section 8, Further-
more, facilities can round off the quantities they
report in Section 8 to two significant digits. In
addition, some facilities may not understand that
the total of the amounts that a facility reports in
Section 5 and 6 should equal the total reported in
the current year column of Section 8.
Waste Management Data by State
Table 2-18 provides the waste management data for
etch state and territory. Facilities in four states
reported more than 1 billion pounds of total
production-related waste in 1996: Texas
(3,78 billion pounds), Louisiana (2.15 billion
pounds), California (1.33 billion pounds), and Ohio
(1,01 billion pounds).
As noted earlier in this chapter, Texas led all states
in all types of on-site waste management, with
965,1 million pounds recycled, 836.5 million
pounds burned for energy recovery, and 1.38 billion
pounds treated. Louisiana was second in recycling
(725.1 million pounds) and energy recovery r
(350.8 million pounds). California was second for
treatment (1.10 billion pounds).
Off-site recycling is the only waste management
category in which Texas did not rank first
Facilities in Indiana reported 245.4 million pounds
of TRI chemicals in waste sent off-site for .
recycling, followed by OMo with 190.0 million
pounds. Texas ranked third with 178.2 million
pounds. For off-site energy recovery, Texas (with
72.8 million pounds) was followed by Michigan
(70,9 million pounds) and Ohio (40.5 million
pounds). These states also reported the largest
quantities of off-site treatment, with Texas first
(with 79.5 million pounds), but in this case Ohio
was second (42.3 million pounds) and Michigan
third (36.3 million pounds).
The states with the largest quantities released on-
and off-site were Texas (273.3 million pounds),
Louisiana (183,5 million pounds), and OMo
(152.7 million pounds). These positions correspond
to their rankings for total releases reported in
Sections 5 (on-site releases) and 6 (off-site transfers
to disposal) of Form R, discussed earlier in this
chapter.
States projecting the largest net increases in total
production-related waste through 1998 were Michi-
gan, with 360.6 million pounds (45.1% increase);
Texas, with 153.3 million pounds (4.1%); and
Virginia, with 115.4 million pounds (18,3%). No
other or territory had projections totalling an
increase of more than 100 million pounds. States
whose facilities projected the largest net decreases
were Kansas, with 86.1 million pounds (19.6%
decrease) and Arkansas, with 71.2 million pounds
(16.4% decrease). No other state or territory pro-
jected a net decrease of more than 50 million
pounds by 1998. Waste management quantities
reported in 1996 for the current year, prior year,
and (projected) future years, for all states and
territories, appear in Table 2-19.
58
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Chapter 2— 1 996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-18. Quantities of TRI Chemicals In Waste, by State, 1996
On-slte Waste Management
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Disfnct of Columbia
Florida
Oeorgia
Guam
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total 7
Recycled
Da-site
Pounds
247,765,725
25,842
0
629,813,584
202,786,365
48,933,381
18,998,219
91,847,249
29,782,121
0
133,882,239
246,187,301
0
6,611
176,378
316,452,083
192,429,951
142,535,240
210,117,169
270,427,752
725,090,414
10,123,918
17,008,373
23,084,234
304,344,692
147,195,055
215,890,406
177,893,875
50,305,985
18,289,870
2,125,936
16,867,518
56,031,604
1,509,122
176,304,149
362,510,160
44,438
329,167,620
53,640,688
33,343,531
392,219,178
24,267,097
13,987,327
303,352,841
30,204,647
164,053,491
965,065,180
9,803,457
457,075
711,124
178,353,110
80,436,589
121,297,058
53,677,399
1,770,771
,842,595,142
Energy
Recovery
On-slte
Pounds
35,866,493
457,400
0
695,864
33,421,106
18,173,050
8,287,872
4,467,216
219,184
0
19,362,992
48,222,623
0
0
26,900
35,570,868
86,416,362
1,827,848
100,585,103
70,165,040
350,796,650
1 1,099,536
13,397,901
5,223,661
87,992,757
10,743,037
18,567,578
79,482,408
2,513,550
1,499,579
0
1,858,325
347,873,373
33,800,000
25,633,557
25,898,390
3,300
96,800,899
52,550,449
17,268,217
50,287,872
142,187
226,963
78,185,193
1,050,000
49,580,975
836,485,137
25,620,841
6,200
0
29,707,489
18,590,204
10,237,138
14,787,808
62,350
2,761,739,445
Treated
Oa-iite
Pounds
316,900,305
2,761,278
0
7,501,763
113,334,864
1,102,173,175
8,234,284
36,458,784
50,920,120
1,695
131,946,077
196,531,036
0
3,590,519
17,160,464
120,405,877
171,880,470
28,677,544
35,937,066
119,641,055
816,209,604
63,525,017
34,005,595
27,615,676
94,427,464
32,157,870
104,186,585
72,793,495
8,610,407
6,867,436
8,595,388
10,301,186
125,963,690
1,868,997
112,267,207
147,228,500
4,853,566
155,733,167
16,068,996
61,437,014
149,258,16}
17,004,946
7,123,050
1 12,054,076
1,894,335
106,752,628
1,375,842,159
317,147,921
1,026,694
10,248,528
317,770,559
90,430,822
146,675,430
112,924,941
4,934,435
7,139,861,921
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
35,529,473
235,363
0
79,178,016
41,400,704
69,551,505
18,399,440
24,608,796
10,044,253
12,000
18,166,359
48,876,516
0
53,077
600,490
95,627,540
245,351,295
27,317,298
56,985,523
52,361,408
52,384,305
3,353,816
3,781,350
29,387,616
109,522,352
22,262,688
25,108,852
59,989,152
586,363
19,004,619
1,855,164
12,351,423
41,733,440
t 1,054,684
68,467,184
88,351,160
834,318
190,012,535
19,639,683
20,382,063
149,691,289
13,804,916
14,710,524
97,338,156
508,822
49,461,184
178,196,574
7,763,733
2,453,609
96,920
23,042,524
1 1,732,574
30,312,857
56,504,531
317,475
2,230,297,511
Energy
Recovery
OH-slte
Pounds
25,359,373
5,869
0
781,997
7,246,845
22,064,027
4,139^62
2,207,815
1,170,244
0
2,320,957
10,144,806
0
0
165,822
28,285,621
10,914,590
3,011,874
2,733,483
9,429,533
15,957,047
406,981
1,415,359
6,680,311
70,907,331
2,349,468
2,674,253
27,006,551
1,559
434,688
11,125
312,436
30,957,035
157,340
7,814,260
14,154,483
20,061
40,513,765
979S666
1,404,094
17,815,663
10,661,013
858,003
7,886,714
185,424
6,244,944
72,829,686
106,125
13,332
4,834
7,097,789
884,619
9,237,060
22,299,121
3,573
510,267,931
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
7,922,475
943
0
11,197,887
3,522,772
15,705,219
1,752,199
7,282,528
5,768,778
181
12,762,520
4,746,163
0
2,233
281,151
24,496,364
11,026,374
10,150,245
5,423,288
11,147,552
10,003,097
366,806
7,255,933
10,461,917
36,320,511
8,841,148
2,178,444
11,964,685
62,202
1,132,693
39,104
944,007
23,687,382
469,286
12,984,222
11,689,900
215,671
42,263,264
1,557,350
16,476,844
21,877,011
8,446,328
891,635
10,814,955
1,411,791
12,365,334
79,465,740
4,686,207
264,620
377.449
19,350,747
2,504,576
5,804,792
16,294,697
2,797
516,662,017
Releases
Quantity
Released
On- and
Off-site
Pounds
95,182,733
6,908,058
10,500
47,930,882
33,544,838
49,809,089
5,164,556
8,426,865
3,638,053
9,295
77,916,828
62,230,297
0
533,144
15,155,543
107,248,201
110,151,053
33,036,740
26,360,461
43,766,296
183,477,795
9,462,695
12,878,468
9,741,126
96,612,300
21,136,326
53,292,116
59,126,923
48,511,195
12,743,662
3,780,672
2,476,520
19,408,308
19,990,405
36,237,438
83,478,894
2,312,172
152,721,169
25,995,800
23,842,013
115,008,743
8,200,030
2,203,317
56,205,773
5,101,582
106,047,967
273,328,764
80,758,371
451,988
1,506,138
56,322,865
27,405,507
28,809,290
39,640,292
9,676,690
2,414,916,746
Totel
Production-
relatoil
Waste
Pounds
764,526,577
10,394,753
10,500
777,099,993
435,257,494
1,326,409,446
64,975,932
175,299,253
101,542,753
23,171
396,357,972
616,938,742
0
4,185,584
33,566,748
728,086,554
828,170,095
246,556,789
438,142,093
576,938,636
2,153,918,912
98,338,769
89,742,979
112,194,541
800,127,407
244,685,592
421,898,234
488,257.089
110,591,261
59,972,547
16,407,389
45,111,415
645,654,832
58,849,834
439,708,017
733,311,487
8,283,526
1,007,212,419
170,432,632
174,153,776
896,157,917
82,526,517
40,000,819
665,837,708
40,356,601
494,506,523
3,781,213,240
445,886,655
4,673,518
12,944,993
631,645,083
231,984,891
352,373,625
316,128,789
16,768,091
23,416,340,713
Note: Data from current year (Column B), Section 8 of Form R for 1996
59
-------
Chapter 2 — 1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-19. Actual and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, by State, 1995-1998
On-site Waste Management
State
Alabama
AlisU
American Samoa
Arizona
Arktnsu
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Year
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
Recycled
On-sile
219,467,972
247,765,725
265,839,978
280,513,089
29,470
25,842
27,500
27,500
0
0
0
0
484,880,620
629,813,584
665,023,628
664,537,289
200,836,918
202,786,365
211,072,328
143,688,683
43,406,401
48,933,381
45,648,039
44,137,360
14,154,013
18,998,219
22,156,172
29,364,283
101,132,184
91,847,249
92,249,043
94,260,961
28,988,464
29,782,121
32,227,122
34,616,402
0
0
0
0
136,096,589
133,882,239
143,109,672
143,473,003
255,463,864
246,187,301
269,514,510
269,584,391
Energy
Recovery
On-site
29,584,924
35,866,493
38,913,149
42,296,780
1,211,000
457,400
457,400
457,400
0
0
0
0
450,436
695,864
727,854
778,605
35,286,643
33,421,106
27,158,942
28,716,478
16,731,524
18,173,050
15,905,475
12,320,213
9,200,000
8,287,872
8,727,500
8,733,500
4,684,785
4,467,216
3,605,295
3,741,001
332,836
219,184
170,000
190,000
0
0
0
0
18,443,697
19,362,992
18,625,150
17,204,108
55,200,432
48,222,623
50,459,174
51,068,639
Treated
On-site
351,827,816
316,900,305
336,579,788
330,281,488
2,395,209
2,761,278
3,652,132
6,192,132
0
0
0
0
7,926,180
7,501,763
7,563,850
8,002,943
131,623,494
113,334,864
113,391,126
114,560,701
165,981,733
1,102,173,175
1,099,888,806
1,099,316,151
7,463,134
8,234,284
7,535,477
8,888,156
36,684,424
36,458,784
36,154,545
35,225,624
55,612,821
50,920,120
50,693,906
54,911,008
580
1,695
1,520
1,495
113,882,754
131,946,077
135,374,285
136,340,610
246,467,698
196,531,036
209,916,458
217,170,277
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled
Off-site
35,519,367
35,529,473
36,855,806
37,148,385
2,034
235,363
189,500
29,500
0
0
0
0
51,066,569
79,178,016
54,952,082
53,147,186
50,668,477
41,400,704
39,347,670
37,521,322
67,824,469
69,551,505
69,551,988
71,741,859
21,483,549
18,399,440
15,898,758
16,178,257
25,794,257
24,608,796
25,072,622
26,218,588
17,201,009
10,044,253
10,851,548
10,734,632
13,000
12,000
12,000
9,700
13,290,886
18,166,359
16,617,122
16,739,484
44,738,315
48,876,516
42,543,250
43,011,731
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
30,484,802
25,359,373
27,433,244
28,519,583
3
5,869
3
3
0
0
0
0
876,773
781,997
835,715
904,696
6,569,340
7,246,845
6,938,893
7,044,809
23,834,775
22,064,027
22,280,848
23,572,492
3,534,014
4,139,362
5,882,450
5,598,648
2,382,702
2,207,815
2,434,043
2,464,214
2,251,577
1,170444
1,232,515
1,309,352
0
0
0
0
1,438,594
2,320,957
2,398,726
2,870,588
7,969,702
10,144,806
9,300,970
9,303,497
Treated
Off-site
5,610,686
7,922,475
8,012,760
9,121,436
12
943
901
942
0
0
0
0
10,509,493
11,197,887
6,022,147
6,282,829
6,298,787
3,522,772
2,122,669
973,191
16,162,797
15,705,219
19,265,330
16,123,456
1,570,209
1,752,199
1,981,226
2,025,868
7,924,633
7,282,528
6,862,368
6,832,799
4,015,714
5,768,778
4,725,462
3,577,840
301
181
201
201
8,866,851
12,762,520
12,758,671
12,631,760
5,092,309
4,746,163
4,156,106
4,060,073
Releases
Quantity
Released
On- and
Off-site
104,116,292
95,182,733
88,209,844
86,963,696
6,833,331
6,908,058
4,781,550
1,652,765
5,500
10,500
8,800
5,500
35,410,045
47,930,882
45,930,204
44,396,829
35,443,104
33,544,838
32,080,324
31,553,572
44,146,211
49,809,089
44,377,837
40,864,117
4,225,300
5,164,556
5,110,928
5,068,277
10,268,190
8,426,865
7,421,396
6,518,819
. 4,486,670
3,638,053
3,341,249
3,359,720
22,000
9,295
19,495
19,476
74,653,934
77,916,828
77,142,881
77,631,977
59,554,126
62,230,297
61,831,074
60,792,761
Total
Productlon-
rdated
Waste
776,61 1,859
764,526,577
801,844,569
814,844,457
10,471,059
10,394,753
9,108,986
8,360,242
5,500
10,500
8,800
5,500
591,120,116
777,099,993
781,055,480
778,050,377
466,726,763
435,257,494
432,111,952
364,058,756
378,087,910
1,326,409,446
1,316,918,323
1,308,075,648
61,630,219
64,975,932
67,292,511
75,856,989
188,871,175
175,299,253
173,799,312
175,262,006
112,889,091
101,542,753
103,241,802
108,698,954
35,881
23,171
33,216
30,872
366,673,305
396,357,972
406,026,507
406,891,530
674,486,446
616,938,742
647,721,542
654,991,369
60
-------
Chapter 2— 1936 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-19, Actual and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals In Waste, by State, 1S9S-1998, Continued
On-slte Waste Management
State',
Guam
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Year
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
Recycled
On-slte
0
0
0
0
5,002
6,611
13,095
13,179
79,381
176,378
161,435
170,150
212,160,290
316,452,083
365,174,196
368,688,995
200,488,445
192,429,951
183,320,682
165,364,498
210,191,023
142,535,240
151,040,397
152,166,830
344,076,586
210,117,169
172,350,660
130,134,841
249,733,864
270,427,752
280,179,863
286,183,857
687,755,914
725,090,414
737,080.787
736,202^05
9,926,951
10,123,918
10,310,687
10,329,245
14,108,909
17,008,373
19,599,216
19,645,929
24,143,263
23,084,234
21,307,702
22,937,359
Energy
Recovery
On-site
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
26,600
26,900
29,000
31,800
17,217,921
35,570,868
34,827,012
34,827,591
54,698,263
86,416,362
75,565,928
76,696,673
1,621,517
1,827,848
1,778,000
1,778,000
163,803,089
100,585,103
76,742,580
79,783,680
53,171,189
70.165,040
70,259,565
70,358,282
319,488,010
350,796,650
361,838,512
398,550,769
11,337,913
11,099,536
11,664,226
12,348,916
13,968,772
13397,901
14,019,001
15,054,300
8,340,614
5,223,661
5,545,174
5,771,934
Treated
On-slte
0
0
0
0
4,020,323
3,590,519
3,606,960
3,606,985
14,629,446
17,160,464
16,910,920
17,079,193
119,001,986
120,405,877
118,359,358
126,067,801
117,571,011
171,880,470
177,124,609
180,974,406
30,919,395
28,677,544
28,347,408
28,403,356
42,974,398
35,937,066
30,221,018
42,269,210
94,901,838
119.641,055
108,193,839
113,795,016
804,299,854
816,209,604
827,982,234
830,290,259
72,254,423
63,525,017
65,236,039
65,264,854
30,015,914
34,005,595
34,636,540
34,143,833
25,053.928
27,615,676
27,805,276
28,149,120
Off-site Watte Management
Recycled
Off-site
0
0
0
0
31,298
53,077
45,007
45,008
618,240
600,490
646,129
684,253
97,063,564
95,627,540
83,400,865
83,529,541
207,532,211
245,351,295
227,296,934
226,613,953
38,742,753
27,317,298
27,502,327
27,328,529
41,443,936
56,985,523
59,536,773
63,914,555
50,599,860
52,361,408
60,132,880
64,331,077
54,288,026
52,384,305
53,850,411
53,940,241
2,489,316
3,353,816
3,400,112
3,063,439
6,561,633
3,781,350
3,989,785
4,250,046
27,017,638
29,387.616
26,791,088
30,860,708
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
99,082
165,822
167,680
168,866
31,010,926
28,285,621
26,898,516
27,036,157
11,051,214
10,914,590
9,909,867
9,766,935
4,165,128
3,011,874
2,455,100
2,262,442
1,522,106
2,733,483
2,443,634
2,404,577
7,685,528
9,429,533
S.217,190
8,310,170
14,500,229
15,957,047
14,853,540
14,568,140
486,675
406,981
403,221
399,141
1,661,599
1,415,359
1,372,780
1,357,848
8,181,825
6,680,311
6,180,813
6,273,419
Treated
Off-site
0
0
0
0
8,311
2,233
1,178
4,708
245,680
281,151
274,423
284,371
27,943,182
24,496,364
28,733,922
27,956,922
10,412,799
11,026,374
10,670,196
14,302,686
9,055,841
10,150,245
10,975,548
11,539,317
3,124,467
5,423,288
7,771,993
8,465,313
12,492,084
11,147,552
12,405,717
12,563,385
9,022,999
10,003,097
8,817,621
7,142,907
685,277
366,806
640,308
624,412
5,130,867
7,255,933
5,528,871
5,706,355
11,503,493
10,461,917
10,055,167
10,048,620
Releases
Quantity
Released
On- and
Off-site
200
0
0
0
526,687
533,144
535,935
532,035
14,798,404
15,155,543
14,508,212
14,716,367
107,722,726
107,248,201
100,591,924
98,915,603
105,415,248
110,151,053
111,944,696
109,032,068
35,712,940
33,036,740
32,1 10,920
30,810,925
28,106,985
26,360,461
23,377,047
24,403,887
45,939,840
43,766,296
39,919,136
39,140,643
176,659,049
183,477,795
186,135,189
167,978,196
11,003,221
9,462,695
9,551,394
9,174,264
13,976,556
12,878,468
13,063,884
13,025,830
8.817,706
9,741,126
8,782,190
8,494,412
Total
Production-
related
Waste
200
0
0
0
4,591,621
4,185,584
4,202,175
4,201,915
30,496,833
33,566,748
32,697,799
33,135,000
612,120,595
728,086,554
757,985,793
767,022,610
707,169,191
828,170,095
795,832,912
782,751,219
330,408,597
246,556,789
254,209,700
254,289,399
625,051,567
438,142,093
372,443,705
352,076,063
514,524,203
576,938,636
579,308,190
594,682,430
2,066,014,081
2,153,918,912
2,190,558,294
2,208,673,117
108,183,776
98,338,769
101,205,987
101,204,271
85,424,250
89,742,979
92,210,077
93,184,141
113,058,467
112,194,541
106,467,410
1 12,535,772
61
-------
Chapter 2—1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-19. Actual and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, by State, 1995-1998, Continued
On-sMe Waste Management
Stale
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Monuna
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jetscy
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
Year
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
Recycled
On-site
171,481,860
304,344,692
565,436,601
651,921,845
150,902,425
147,195,055
156,855,777
161,883,046
239,115,840
215,890,406
226,639,557
216,853,163
184,142,307
177,893,875
201,206,404
211,701,625
48,846,536
50,305,985
38,430,146
38,437,346
10,330,640
18,289,870
5,042,941
1,904,024
2,452,241
2,125,936
2,353,184
2,352,897
17,604,327
16,867,518
18,342,433
18,354,043
44,699,570
56,031,604
57,982,745
55,510,470
2,049,130
1,509,122
1,508,912
1,508,537
180,309,512
176,304,149
176,510,089
176,721,572
462,392,427
362,510,160
413,059,086
443,635,515
Energy
Recovery
On-site
108,318,595
87,992,757
1 14,442,661
117,989,684
24,194,538
10,743,037
10,885,174
10,880,474
7,757,942
18,567,578
20,691,427
20,985,879
88,370,962
79,482,408
71,722,272
71,635,972
17,305,350
2,513,550
2,489,150
2,489,150
1,879,530
1,499,579
578,696
578,865
0
0
0
0
1,684,385
1,858,325
1,956,218
1,956,218
188,618,111
347,873,373
344,050,005
344,220,825
48,000,000
33,800,000
33,800,000
33,800,000
23,320,957
25,633,557
26,229,328
26,728,870
35,657,780
25,898,390
26,391,309
28,712,851
Treated
Oil-site
130,519,722
94,427,464
94,085,470
91,173,912
28,875,750
32,157,870
31,522,009
31,293,355
106,747,614
104,186,585
108,327,208
108,919,572
74,705,094
72,793,495
70,229,707
71,706,835
9,178,710
8,610,407
8,952,428
8,952,428
6,249,946
6,867,436
6,983,096
7,188,406
6,840,500
8,595,388
15,916,020
15,917,420
10,847,794
10,301,186
10,305,178
10,203,683
146,846,720
125,963,690
117,760,336
1 16,072,654
2,299,637
1,868,997
3,730,657
3,997,653
108,416,905
112,267,207
116,633,402
118,001,093
146,439,231
147,228,500
151,062,521
151,308,433
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled
Off-site
102,772,789
109,522,352
109,601,210
108,741,152
21,118,170
22,262,688
20,412,696
20,818,524
37,127,185
25,108,852
23,209,638
22,929,577
55,862,604
59,989,152
58,267,849
61,833,606
114,088
586,363
297,221
293,221
32,929,648
19,004,619
17,011,375
17,691,735
2,306,858
1,855,164
1,892,704
1,867,911
11,284,316
12,351,423
12,605,887
12,860,395
42,592,246
41,733,440
38,359,097
38,808,550
872,727
1,054,684
1,471,458
1,793,467
77,097,766
68,467,184
73,332,942
77,786,623
102,388,950
88,351,160
84,274,099
89,256,876
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
62,603,906
70,907,331
69,064,689
68,262,399
2,751,381
2,349,468
2,253,113
2,226,141
2,777,089
2,674,253
2,836,492
2,670,025
27,875,621
27,006,551
11,061,520
11,513,724
14,948
1,559
1,558
1,558
558,633
434,688
472,245
556,553
6,236
11,125
9,960
9,980
238,437
312,436
296,039
311,414
30,986,427
30,957,035
27,793,209
25,616,113
304,703
157,340
182,115
205,079
9,384,258
7,814,260
7,323,634
6,738,126
10,640,119
14,154,483
14,546,636
15,108,257
Treated
Off-site
29,318,219
36,320,511
31,401,602
31,555,340
8,322,922
8,841,148
9,090,046
9,441,414
2,432,071
2,178,444
1,568,971
1,325,728
13,319,301
11,964,685
12,147,169
12,678,478
36,092
62,202
71,488
60,488
1,059,237
1,132,693
1,179,778
1,178,319
18,688
39,104
16,746
17,040
786,989
944,007
989,791
1,015,885
23,310,572
23,687,382
21,600,707
22,870,995
343,712
469,286
628,687
764,682
13,169,349
12,984,222
13,133,349
12,772,370
14,041,845
11,689,900
11,395,311
8,342,756
Releases
Quantity
Released
On- and
Off-site
119,802,545
96,612,300
97,065,310
91,054,210
22,365,059
21,136,326
20,645,985
19,807,222
54,206,478
53,292,116
49,076,321
41,414,278
56,781,935
59,126,923
56,719,180
54,676,333
43,840,102
48,511,195
46,967,394
46,930,768
13,935,727
12,743,662
12,043,822
9,296,086
3,784,296
3,780,672
3,947,732
3,898,565
2,465,137
2,476,520
2,321,997
2,188,666
17,322,281
19,408,308
16,991,634
16,462,234
18,337,965
19,990,405
20,621,028
19,864,437
39,728,489
36,237,438
32,395,595
30,624,974
87,004,373
83,478,894
82,450,349
80,770,323
Total
Production-
relftted
Waste
724,817,636
800,127,407
1,081,097,543
1,160,698,742
258,530,245
244,685,592
251,664,800
256,350,176
450,164,219
421,898,234
432,349,614
415,098,222
501,057,824
488,257,089
481,354,101
495,746,573
119,335,826
110,591,261
97,209,385
97,164,959
66,943,361
59,972,547
43,311,953
38,393,988
15,408,819
16,407,389
24,136,346
24,063,813
44,911,385
45,111,415
46,817,543
46,890,304
494,375,927
645,654,832
624,537,733
619,561,841
72,207,874
58,849,834
61,942,857
61,933,855
451,427,236
439,708,017
445,558,339
449,373,628
858,564,725
733,311,487
783,179,311
817,135,011
62
-------
Chapter 2 — 1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-19. Actual and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, by State, 1995-1998, Continued
On-site Waste Management
State
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Year
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
, 98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
Recycled
On-site
53,707
44,438
44,517
44,637
357,113,023
329,167,620
336,531,518
339,102,230
51,815,273
53,640,688
54,335,262
50,883,583
35,903,722
33,343,531
35,152,544
35,228,389
417,121,400
392,219,178
338,423,564
333,688,503
30,330,473
24,267,097
24,157,885
15,213,992
17,344,535
13,987,327
11,592,386
11,750,519
279,881,113
303,352,841
321,445,881
372,257,633
36,980,289
30,204,647
34,318,935
34,344,535
139,305,627
164,053,491
183,315,566
189,358,652
851,351,242
965,065,180
1,722,593,864
1,023,433,433
13,692,011
9,803,457
8,766,613
8,731,227
Energy
Recovery
On-site
4,200
3,300
3,300
3,000
89,144,781
96,800,899
101,028,491
106,879,906
95,421,680
52,550,449
58,000,431
58,000,431
17,090,728
17,268,217
17,519,770
17,625,970
51,207,089
50,287,872
51,046,927
54,610,513
531,226
142,187
9,000
0
237,930
226,963
225,225
269,500
49,028,680
78,185,193
78,193,006
78,038,558
1,065,000
1,050,000
1,118,000
1,216,000
58,224,173
49,580,975
50,202,122
56,101,194
802,343,769
836,485,137
911,615,423
838,470,021
4,418,581
25,620,841
21,620,300
21,637,457
Treated
On-site
3,854,548
4,853,566
11,227,119
11,204,954
175,401,791
155,733,167
150,406,553
160,611,187
12,566,124
16,068,996
16,024,278
16,197,036
56,027,077
61,437,014
63,164,157
65,581,916
166,187,096
149,258,161
151,042,133
155,176,996
13,861,336
17,004,946
21,752,120
26,945,030
7,434,547
7,123,050
7,231,809
7,770,670
113,792,493
112,054,076
113,689,226
113,302,629
1,147,835
1,894,335
2,435,346
2,451,939
131,821,169
106,752,628
109,044,718
109,897,408
1,756,510,238
1,375,842,159
1,356,528,683
1,505,544,277
309,942,774
317,147,921
316,408,567
316,429,929
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled
Off-site
967,698
834,318
848,350
848,350
180,011,637
190,012,535
194,198,149
187,131,700
19,984,131
19,639,683
20,041,948
20,473,869
21,528,149
20,382,063
17,999,932
18,937,523
135,594,906
149,691,289
145,782,479
149,545,374
11,706,122
13,804,916
11,420,426
12,247,295
13,829,904
14,710,524
16,028,822
17,033,082
108,538,907
97,338,156
99,867,231
104,633,162
370,122
508,822
500,822
525,438
56,246,392
49,461,184
51,130,494
49,062,074
147,314,196
178,196,574
163,538,778
166,800,583
3,224,718
7,763,733
5,473,299
5,344,669
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
9,714
20,061
23,802
20,852
28,347,722
40,513,765
30,141,071
26,956,354
2,843,786
979,666
1,355,395
1,038,192
1,162,022
1,404,094
1,154,249
1,246,212
15,900,996
17,815,663
17,935,600
18,041,048
9,927,345
10,661,013
10,238,274
11,230,304
868,305
858,003
550,062
559,092
11,807,750
7,886,714
6,539,274
6,908,421
167,753
185,424
187,274
195,726
6,045,762
6,244,944
5,179,581
4,932,286
131,170,022
72,829,686
68,835,844
66,294,108
85,923
106,125
123,301
134,435
Treated
Off-site
653,466
215,671
218,779
193,931
33,116,606
42,263,264
45,567,711
42,493,050
1,204,530
1,557,350
1,435,419
1,418,806
13,818,469
16,476,844
16,677,938
16,708,936
21,770,185
21,877,011
22,868,314
22,198,894
8,169,262
8,446,328
7,522,959
8,111,173
1,100,845
891,635
731,423
407,035
11,916,160
10,814,955
11,085,513
10,916,292
555,298
1,411,791
1,061,350
1,072,875
11,184,985
12,365,334
11,193,284
10,389,382
96,486,725
79,465,740
75,152,754
74,566,747
763,467
4,686,207
8,770,604
8,848,085
Releases
Quantity
Released
On- and
Off-site
2,831,733
2,312,172
3,065,688
2,615,643
149,163,113
152,721,169
148,202,400
143,384,871
27,387,172
25,995,800
23,692,194
21,471,873
23,669,447
23,842,013
25,041,678
25,379,313
100,693,535
115,008,743
1 12,997,798
113,026,197
9,632,280
8,200,030
8,132,473
7,278,531
2,946,818
2,203,317
1,789,702
1,821,933
55,955,740
56,205,773
56,094,653
52,389,985
7,542,847
5,101,582
6,209,886
6,341,423
108,943,716
106,047,967
105,854,007
100,115,163
285,373,579
273,328,764
268,416,810
259,410,360
76,593,979
80,758,371
83,040,797
70,136,456
Total
Production-
related
Waste
8,375,066
8,283,526
15,431,555
14,931,367
1,012,298,673
1,007,212,419
1,006,075,893
1,006,559,298
211,222,696
170,432,632
174,884,927
169,483,790
169,199,614
174,153,776
176,710,268
180,708,259
908,475,207
896,157,917
840,096,815
846,287,525
84,158,044
82,526,517
83,233,137
81,026,325
43,762,884
40,000,819
38,149,429
39,611,831
630,920,843
665,837,708
686,914,784
738,446,680
47,829,144
40,356,601
45,831,613
46,147,936
511,771,824
494,506,523
515,919,772
519,856,159
4,070,549,771
3,781,213,240
4,566,682,156
3,934,519,529
408,721,453
445,886,655
444,203,481
431,262,258
63
-------
Chapter 2 —1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-19. Actual and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, by State, 1995-1998, Continued
On-site Waste Management
State
Vcitnont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Year
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
9?
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
95
96
97
98
Recycled
On-site
1,073,467
457,075
459,765
470,080
766,194
711,124
711,124
711,124
152,431,389
178,353,110
181,014,830
263,122,649
79,400,362
80,436,589
73,706,411
76,901,535
121,278,361
121,297,058
125,430,748
133,413,272
60,306,238
53,677,399
53,426,685
50,982,071
1,855,743
1,770,771
1,847,551
1,874,181
7,599,457,107
7,842,595,142
9,058,050,236
8,519,036,977
Energy
Recovery
On-site
12,000
6,200
3,000
0
0
0
0
0
40,127,426
29,707,489
30,492,814
30,995,661
12,310,080
18,590,204
19,064,399
19,451,420
11,819,776
10,237,138
9,369,471
8,578,814
11,313,067
14,787,808
15,102,560
15,026,503
118,190
62,350
64,447
64,447
2,604,326,691
2,761,739,445
2,834,933,863
2,827,656,852
Treated
On-slte
741,603
1,026,694
1,054,094
1,074,149
10,014,402
10,248,528
10,248,528
10,248,528
342,447,586
317,770,559
317,760,882
353,116,201
83,876,405
90,430,822
89,455,332
90,750,947
156,343,554
146,675,430
148,879,489
157,596,505
113,768,447
112,924,941
109,203,571
106,343,709
4,068,157
4,934,435
6,114,515
5,248,515
6,713,283,164
7,139,861,921
7,176,355,246
7,431,162,587
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled
Off-site
1,760,132
2,453,609
1,869,600
716,100
117,182
96,920
96,920
96,920
26,936,757
23,042,524
19,824,123
18,236,779
13,450,710
11,732,574
7,962,906
6,621,422
34,736,094
30,312,857
26,042,129
26,306,802
55,286,633
56,504,531
57,098,530
60,565,947
68,369
317,475
438,654
519,000
2,172,130,513
2,230,297,511
2,139,384,425
2,171,369,720
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
45,61 1
13,332
400
0
51,700
4,834
4,834
4,834
7,609,951
7,097,789
7,908,276
8,744,718
652,856
884,619
893,166
870,927
30,508,269
9,237,060
8,492,090
9,096,259
18,806,052
22,299,121
22,560,602
23,026,657
1,830
3,573
3,573
3,573
573,861,721
510,267,931
469,607,626
466,659,144
Treated
Off-site
329,343
264,620
166,307
98,689
192,110
377,449
377,449
377,449
18,440,473
19,350,747
18,535,397
18,528,448
2,205,532
2,504,576
6,534,488
8,179,156
6,742,802
5,804,792
5,288,322
5,394,764
13,139,030
16,294,697
15,832,900
15,987,984
1,793
2,797
87,331
2,301
503,626,870
516,662,017
514,114,672
508,186,883
Releases
Quantity
Released
On- and
Off-site
571,414
451,988
439,805
459,896
1,460,160
1,506,138
1,641,691
1,641,691
54,244,301
56,322,865
55,614,506
54,287,103
27,652,784
27,405,507
25,967,859
25,504,038
33,584,598
28,809,290
26,497,725
25,080,642
39,346,821
39,640,292
37,775,440
37,178,309
11,030,850
9,676,690
9,540,231
9,580,553
2,426,043,539
2,414,916,746
2,352,037,799
2,249,143,815
Total
Production-
related
Waste
4,533,570
4,673,518
3,992,971
2,818,914
12,601,748
12,944,993
13,080,546
13,080,546
642,237,883
631,645,083
631,150,828
747,031,559
219,548,729
231,984,891
223,584,561
228,279,445
395,013,454
352,373,625
349,999,974
365,467,058
311,966,288
316,128,789
311,000,288
309,111,180
17,144,932
16,768,091
18,096,302
17,292,570
22,592,729,605
23,416,340,713
24,544,483,867
24,173,215,978
Note: Data from Section 8 of Form R for 1996.95 is poor year, 96 is current year, 97 and 98 are projected years
Chemical-Specific Waste Management Data
Table 2-20 presents the top 20 TRI chemicals for
total production-related waste, led by methanol
(2.29 billion pounds). Four other chemicals were
reported in quantities of more than 1 billion
pounds: toluene (1.82 billion pounds), copper
(L35 billion pounds), sulfuric acid (1.22 billion
pounds), and ethylene (1.22 billion pounds).
Waste management of the top five chemicals
varied. For methanol, this consisted primarily of
on-site treatment (41.5% of its total production-
related waste), and more methanol was treated
on-site than any other TRI chemical in 1996
(950.7 million pounds). On-site recycling
accounted for more than half the management of
the next three chemicals; toluene (968.3 million
pounds, or 53.3%), copper (737.2 million pounds,
or 54.5%), and sulfuric acid (798.6 million pounds,
or 65.4%). These were the leading chemicals for
on-site recycling. About equal shares of ethylene,
ranked fifth overall, were burned on-site for energy
recovery and treated on-site (40.3% and 39.8%,
respectively). Propylene, however, ranking sixth
overall, was the chemical with the largest on-site
energy recovery (567.6 million pounds, compared
to 490.6 million pounds for ethylene).
64
-------
Chapter 2 — f 996 TO/ Releases and Transfers
Table 2-20. Top 20 Chemicals with the Largest Total Production-related Waste, 1996
On-site Waste Management
,
CAS
Number
67-56-1
108-88-3
7440-50-8
7664-93-9
74-85-1
115-07-1
7664-41-7
7647-01-0
—
107-21-1
—
1330-20-7
110-54-3
7664-38-2
—
7782-SO-5
—
78-93-3
—
7697-37-2
Chemical
Methanol
Toluene
Copper
Sulfunc acid
Ethylene
Propylene
Ammonia
Hydrochloric acid
Lead compounds
Ethylene glycol
Zinc compounds
Xylene (mixed isomer
n-Hexane
Phosphoric acid
Copper compounds
Chlorine
Nitrate compounds
Methyl ethyl ketone
Glycol ethers
Nitao acid
Subtotal
Total
Recycled
On-site
537,583,324
968,269,305
737,221,219
798,641,136
194,529,481
60,407,279
337,049,680
73,213,533
396,430,669
378,289,176
84,991,928
110,754,065
226,946,357
310,993,398
189,656,521
82,275,726
103,734,553
61,050,421
195,662,187
24,081,964
5,871,781,922
7,842,595,142
Energy
Recovery
On-site
331,508,259
187,671,839
123,097
3,600
490,573,955
567,598,551
38,613,184
120,000
0
6,653,981
102,429
146,026,399
27,541,392
8,300
59
4,000
0
92,654,090
43,392,075
165,558
1,932,760,768
2,761,739,445
Treated
On-site
950,729,426
395,302,542
41,621,864
389,473,985
483,574,781
302,585,973
342,109,457
684,523,200
1,350,570
57,466,450
3,458,463
81,266,575
183,924,283
117,388,358
5,817,034
259,753,478
27,468,515
68,944,661
27,509,395
269,641,370
4,693,910,380
7,139,861,921
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled
Off-site
17,596,160
26,647,879
547,960^60
6,021,651
13,317
13
8,898,654
3,701,000
317,306,000
115,505,157
235,539,067
45,207,020
10,713,933
8,585,442
202,204,906
751,497
4,700,612
20,448,105
3,304,996
2,378,483
1,577,484,252
2,230,297,511
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
91,920,468
93,076,963
45,526
6,722
13,028,334
215,250
66,067
11,200
66,447
16,998,309
319,843
81,139,488
10,361,400
71,813
19,489
14,348
98,981
41,818,751
17,139,212
330
366,418,941
510,267,931
Treated
Off-site
115,676,226
19,431,352
6,663,640
4,306,466
2,112,396
278,482
16,369,151
6,024,057
7,827,663
22,366,793
29,509,406
9,077,25?
8,225,491
4,285,837
1,643,531
1,279,178
61,901,864
5,660,666
11,860,515
15,672,065
350,172,036
516,662,017
Releases
Quantity
Released
On- and
Off-site
245,467,067
125,826,351
20,249,615
22,069,485
32,662,262
26,440,895
193,035,326
66,271,877
29,787,645
18,306,032
209,342,225
87,947,647
71,903,265
62,229,276
57,165,332
67,322,428
169,285,536
60,360,784
42,287,893
21,715,136
1,629,676,077
2,414,916,746
Total
Production-
related
Waste
2,290,480,930
1,816,226,231
1,353,885,321
1,220,523,045
1,216,494,526
957,526,443
936,141,519
833,864,867
752,768,994
615,585,898
563,263,361
561,418,451
539,616,121
503,562,424
456,506,872
411,400,655
367,190,061
350,937,478
341,156,273
333,654,906
16,422,204,376
23,416,340,713
Note: Data from current year (Column B), Section 8 of Form R for 1996
More than half of total production-related waste for
all but three of the top 20 chemicals was managed
on-site. The exceptions were zinc compounds (11th
overall), copper compounds (15th), and nitrate
compounds (17th). These substances were
primarily recycled off-site (235.5 million pounds of
zinc compounds and 202.2 million pounds of
copper compounds) and/or released on- and off-site
to the environment (209.3 million pounds of zinc
compounds and 169.3 million pounds of nitrate
compounds).
The leading chemical for off-site recycling was
copper, with 548.0 million pounds. Toluene led for
off-site energy recovery, with 93.1 million pounds.
As with on-site treatment, methanol was the top
chemical sent for off-site treatment, with 115.7 mil-
lion pounds. Methanol also led all TRJ chemicals in
on- and off-site releases, with 245.5 million
pounds. Zinc compounds were second
(209.3 million pounds), and ammonia was third
(193.0 million pounds).
Chemical-Specific Data Table
Table 2-21 presents on- and off-site releases,
on-site waste management, and transfers off-site for
further waste management for all reported TRI
chemicals for 1996. Pesticides are denoted with an
asterisk (*) next to the chemical name.
65
-------
Chapter 2 — f 990 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-21A. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1996
On-site Releases
CAS
Number Clicmlcul
7173i-H-2»Atwnert«
305#M9-I*Accp!i»te
75-07-0 Aeettlckhjde
60-35-5 Aetttmidc
75-05-8 Aeesonteite
M-S6 2 Acctophenone
62476-S9-9* Aeafluoffai, sodmnj silt
t07.02-S*Aooteia
79-06- 1 Aoytenide
79«flienyl
330$5WI.|*Ainitaiz
7664-41-7* AnuaonU
62-53-3 Aniline
904M-0 o-Anisidioc
104-94-9 p-Anaidoe
12Q-I2-7 Anlhracaic
?440-3W> Antimony
— Antfawny compounds
7440-3S-2 Aneaic
— Anenic compound!
1332-21-4 A*cj*»(ftu*le)
1912-24-9 *Ate*an«
WO-39-3 B»rium
— Dinum compounds
2278l-23-3»BcsdKXwb
lS6MQ4*Bcnnunta
I7fflM.3S-2*Btneinyl
9847.3 Bauil ehtondc
71-43-2 Benzene
98-07-7 Beuotctridilondc
9548-4 Btaioyl chloride
W-36-0 Bcnzoyi peroxide
100-44-7 BawylcMoode
744WU7 Ba>tl«lK!xy)inefliane
IIM4-J B»(2-ditonx:thyl) ether
S42-8S-I Btl(ehkiromeihyO ether
108-40-1 Bisp-ehloeo-l-mcthyl«liyO
ether
SW$.9*Bu((rib«i>ta) oxide
0
2,835
0
0
0
35,870,521
111,741
1,4*3
0
23,583
2,905
32,345
32,882
75,960
1398
S.067
9,579
84,002
0
1,200
0
1,158
3,365,712
7,925
16,874
325
13,695
9
30
6
409,862
1320
799
0
S20
5
Air
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
0
1,250
10,938,582
14
421,386
29,565
7
81,348
8,949
231,271
1,003,720
240
1,205
0
15,383
0
24,141
1,397,308
32,743
0
486
0
0
0
118,910,062
133,351
74
0
40,617
7,962
70,385
6,590
39,486
1,362
21,944
33,400
215,467
0
2,208
0
8
4,753,759
66
1,829
1,694
5,697
850
365
1
237,574
11
2,119
0
4,100
5
On-sife Land Releases
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
10
0
198,485
2
11,900
734
7
550
3,653
3,171
590
330
0
0
4,962
0
9
48,989
505
0
59
0
0
0
8,267,591
16,217
28
0
122
5388
34,886
421
4,047
2
1,326
2,482
89,385
0
0
0
0
27,376
16
0
10
324
31
1
0
9,779
0
6
0
44
21
Underground Injection
Class I Class II-V
Wells Wells
Pounds Pounds
0
0
468,662
1,169,000
22,826,712
474,202
0
100360
5,748,154
5,168,000
3,595,236
0
0
0
374,263
0
0
0
0
0
0
203
2
0
24,180,232
835,298
0
0
0
0
13,908
0
61,280
0
1
0
750
0
0
0
0
312,016
0
0
0
660
0
0
0
31,558
6,688
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
225,985
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
750
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
RCRA
Subtitle C
Landfills
Pounds
0
0
121
0
11
0
0
0
149,156
0
S
0
0
0
0
0
0
54,398
20
0
0
0
0
0
444,378
210
0
0
272
6,086
101,859
2,181
13,910
26,010
0
0
66,678
0
0
0
0
28,841
0
0
0
0
28,000
0
0
15
542
0
0
0
0
Other
On-slte Land
Releases
Pounds
0
0
16,679
0
37
2,738
5
0
0
67
297
0
5
0
0
0
0
3,818,509
357,630
0
0
0
0
0
3,159,106
571
0
0
389
3,394
1,872,669
96,577
1,737,118
453,549
614353
306,932
1,466,707
0
0
0
0
47316
0
0
1,655
IB
3,240
16,188
0
29,25?
0
0
0
3
55
Total
Oil-site
Releases
Pounds
10
1,505
13,259,967
1,169,021
23,861,781
656,980
238
183,186
5,912,663
5,595,521
4,891,577
2,670
1,361
0
437,845
0
80,157
5,605,163
465,546
0
3,380
203
2
0
191,057,875
1,097,388
1,545
0
64,983
25,735
2,126,052
138,651
1,931,801
482,321
642,691
352,393
1,922,989
0
3,408
0
1,166
8,535,770
8,007
18,703
3,684
20,549
32,130
16,584
7
718,045
8,561
2,924
0
4,667
86
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
0
1,400
2,463
0
548,193
15,950
0
0
301,575
51,375
6,639
4,100
0
0
134,595
0
0
7,747,964
9,452,079
0
0
0
0
0
1,917,792
21,071
1
0
51,041
217,968
4,201,352
47,420
1,196,069
3,316,112
188,963
574,589
4,127,184
0
0
0
0
65,750
0
2370
6,352
4,824
1,590
1,440
0
34,962
0
16
0
0
4,537
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
10
2,905
13,262,430
1,169,021
24,409,974
672,930
238
183,186
6,214,238
5,646,896
4,898,216
6,770
1,361
0
572,440
0
80,157
13,353,127
9,917,625
0
3,380
203
2
0
192,975,667
1,118,459
1,546
0
116,024
243,703
6,327,404
186,071
3,127,870
3,798,433
831,654
926,982
6,050,173
0
3,408
0
1,166
8,601,520
8,007
21,073
10,036
25373
33,720
18,024
7
753,007
8,561
2,940
0
4,667
4,623
Note! On-s!te Releases from Section 5 and Off-site Releases flora Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R.
*Pc$UeIde
66
-------
Chapter 2 — 1 996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-21B. TRI Other On-site Waste Management and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, by Chemical, 1996
Chemical
Abamectia
Acephate
Acetaldehyde
Acetaraide
Acetonrtnle
Acetophenone
Acifluorfen, sodium salt
Acrolein
Acrylamide
Acrylic acid
Acrylomtrile
Alachlor
Aldicarb
d-trans-Alleflam
Allyl alcohol
AHylamine
Allyl chloride
Aluminum (fume or dust)
Aluminum oxide (fibrous forms}
Aluminum phosphide
Ametryn
4-Arainoazobeflzene
4-Ammobiphenyl
Amitraz
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
0
30
178,600
0
22,263,727
900
0
0
307
4,427,743
12,680,622
0
0
0
120,525
0
260,000
15,382,373
175,000
0
0
0
0
0
Ammonia 337,049,680
Aniline
0-Anisidme
p-Amsidine
Anthracene
Antimony
Antimony compounds
Arsenic
Arsenic compounds
Asbestos (friable)
Atrazms
Barmtm
Banum compounds
Bendiocarb
Benfluralm
Benomyl
Bengal chlonde
Benzene
Benzmc tnchlonde
Benzoyl chlonde
Benzoyl peroxide
Benzyl chlonde
Beryllium
Beryllium compounds
Bifenttan
Biphenyl
Bis(2-chloroethoxy)methaHe
Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether
Bis(chloromethyl) eiher
Bis{2-chloro-l-methylethyl}
ether
Bis(tnbutyltui) oxide
8,838,234
0
0
214,266
3,549,028
6,138,043
1,191,541
4,931,812
142,589
59
58,305
37,172,801
0
74,000
0
0
61,704,353
0
0
11,580
19,000
38,389
0
0
161,010
0
0
0
13,000,000
0
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
0
0
12,168,237
98,900
24,163,715
36,395,314
0
3,641,691
90,400
27,444,611
3,485381
0
0
0
822,495
0
2300,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
38,613,184
6,189,043
1,465
0
112,111
109,302
0
0
0
0
0
220,321
200
0
0
0
0
15,645,404
0
0
0
20,600
0
0
0
1,094,809
0
573,000
0
0
0
Treated
On-site
Pounds
31
176,000
21,603,608
1
12,010,669
1,013,493
90
6,126,756
137,990
27,724,878
10,463,883
28,000
SOS
0
1,313,506
2
504,432
18,105,328
3,900
0
33,000
0
91,000
0
342,109,457
3,641,917
3,992
0
1,257,051
1,220,051
94,818
70,004
92,028
519,822
365,171
75,212
6,877,708
0
2,500
340,000
110,000
64,991,646
150,000
1,998,467
36,266
258,415
921
0
0
3,058,232
0
960,300
6,500
8,934,000
339
Total
On-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
31
176,030
33,950,445
98,901
58,438,111
37,409,707
90
9,768,447
228,697
59,597,232
26,629,886
28,000
505
0
2,256,526
2
3,064,432
33,487,701
178,900
0
33,000
0
91,000
0
717,772,321
18,669,194
5,457
0
1,583,428
4,878381
6,232,861
1,261,545
5,023,840
662,411
365,230
353,838
44,050,709
0
76,500
340,000
110,000
142,341,403
150,000
1,998,467
47,846
298,015
39,310
0
0
4,314,051
0
1,533,300
6,500
21,934,000
339
Transfers
to Recyellnf
Pounds
0
0
43
0
1,736,000
7,255
0
0
4
96,828
517
0
0
0
0
0
0
22,941,895
16,417
0
0
0
0
0
8,590,971
0
0
0
9,722
2,939,941
2,874,865
751,303
368,156
0
0
92,646
2,771,996
0
0
0
0
531,327
0
0
6,000
0
93,078
18,050
0
527,079
0
180,000
0
0
55,471
Transfers
to Energy
5 Recovery
Pounds
0
0
144,723
0
6,436,847
243,525
0
27,729
22,780
3,738,960
317,693
0
0
0
653,065
2
360
88,524
22,333
0
0
0
0
0
83,430
314,762
0
0
210,273
33,085
63,927
0
326
0
0
3,253
224,870
0
0
0
780,000
2,196,809
12,000
138
3,760
559,486
0
0
0
243,039
0
407,512
0
0
0
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
78
15,820
311,747
411
3,730,563
9,811
0
39
27,346
1,107,155
1,013,860
148,600
32,588
0
107,040
0
487,384
152,126
36,314
0
19,620
99
103
0
2,373,153
381,821
0
0
4,782
155,173
747,146
95,712
1,718,792
75
252,344
167,142
1,592,618
0
39,250
6,000
180
1,491,143
44
630,473
6,842
1,608
3,257
1309
48
513,754
0
34,692
0
0
0
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
0
250
346,698
0
911,800
51,510
674
0
65,280
19,688
88,141
0
0
0
211,324
0
11
12,754
1,328
0
0
0
0
0
14,637,033
1,113,702
6,251
0
345
22,558
94398
303
229
752
73
1,629
392,151
0
0
0
5
214,698
5
6
38,772
1,581
0
1
0
404,785
0
2,382
0
0
0
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
61,588
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,941
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
78
16,070
803,211
411
12,815,210
312,101
674
27,768
115,410
4,962,631
1,420,211
148,600
32,588
0
971,429
2
487,755
23,195,299
76,392
0
19,620
99
103
0
25,746,175
1,810,285
6,251
0
225,122
3,150,759
3,780336
847,318
2,087,503
827
252,417
264,670
4,984,576
0
39,250
6,000
780,185
4,433,983
12,049
630,617
55,374
562,675
96335
19,360
48
1,688,657
0
624,586
0
0
55,471
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
114
185,345
47,988,233
1,269,087
96,460,892
38,393,585
1,002
9,971,496
6,525,693
70,187,482
32,917,197
183,400
34,215
0
3,678,780
4
3,640,974
68,452,437
1,883,324
0
54,961
302
91,105
0
936,141,519
21,595,574
13,254
0
1,916,943
8,273,867
15,280,785
2,276319
9,549,085
4348,203
1340,928
1,496,638
54,816,803
0
118,253
346,000
891,348
156,110,718
170,025
2,650,142
113,431
882,915
166,725
36,966
55
6,793,939
8,561
2,160,836
6,500
21,938,700
60,426
Note-
disposal) of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes Production-related Waste fromSection 8 of Form R (total
excludes remedial and catastrophic quantities)
67
-------
Chapter 2— 1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-21 A.TRI On-slte and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1996, Continued
On-site Releases
Fugitive or
CAS NonpointAir
Number Chemical Emissions
Founds
10294-34-5 Boron trichloride
763747-2 Boron mfluocide
314-40-9* Bremen
7726-9S.fi* Bromine
3$fi9l-«S-7* l-B«raK>-l-{b«iniO!nethyl)-l,3-
propaswdiaubonurite
353-59-3 Bromochlorodifiuoromethane
(Hiloa 1211)
74-83«9* Bromotncthinc
52-51-7*2-Bromo-2-mtrop«)pino-
U-dwl
75-63-8 BroiBOtnfluonxntlhine
(Haloa 1301}
t6S9-84-S*BK>nioxyB«
I6S9-99-2* Bremoxynil oclaaoatc
357-S7-3 Brocjne
106-99-0 l,)-Bul*lfo»
141-32-2 Butyl toyltte
71464 n-Butylskohol
78-92-2 tec-Butyl «kohol
75-65-0 ten-Butyl ikohol
104-8S-7 W-But>!rac oxide
ffl-72-8 BuSyrildcbyde
7440-43-9 Cadmium
— Ctdnjiam compounds
1S6-42-7 Cttetum eyanamidc
l«-<»-2*C»ptan
63-25-2* Cffbtsyl
1563-66-2* QAoforan
75-15-0 CJrtxm doulfide
56-23-5 Cufbon lefradtlofide
463-53-1 OrfjonyljulRde
$234-68-4 *C**oxin
I20.SO-9 C«icchol
S7-74-9 CMoKbne
IIMS-6 CMofindie»«id
909S2-3Z-4 » Ctitoctaurao Bhyl
7782-SM'Cotonne
10049.04-4 * CWoonc draxjdc
79-II-S Chlwaicctic scid
4080-31-3* l-@-CMoroal!yl)-3,5,7-triiza-
l-azontaadamanuiie chloride
106-47-8 p-CMoroaniltae
108-90-7 Chlorobcnzene
7S-48-3 I-Chloro«U"difluoco«haa«s
(HCFC-142b)
75-IS-6 CMorodifluotomcihane
0ICFM2)
75-00-3 Cnloroethane
67-46-3 CMofoform
74-87-3 CMorometonc
107-30-2 CMoremeihyl rnelhyi cthw
$63-47-3 3-tMor»-2-
-------
Chapter 2— 1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-21 B.TRI Other On-site Waste Management and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, by Chemical,
1996, Continued
Chemical
Boron trichloride
Boron tnfluonde
Bromacil
Bromine
l-Bromo-l-(bromomethyl)-l,3-
propasedicarboailnls
Bromochlorodrfhioromethane
(flalon 1211)
Bromosiethane
2-Bramo-2~nitropropaiie-
13-diol
Bromotnfluorornethane
(Baton 1301)
Broraoxynil
Bromoxyml octanoate
Bntome
1,3-Butadiene
Butyl acrylate
n-BnJyl alcohol
sec-Butyl alcohol
tert-Butyl alcohol
1,2-Butylene oxide
Butyraldehyde
Cadmium
Cadmium compounds
Calcium cyanamide
Captan
Carbaryl
Carboftiran
Carbon disulfide
Carbon telrachlonde
Carbonyl sulfide
Carboxin
Cateehol
Chlordane
Chlorendic acid
Chlorumirom ethyl
Chlorine
Chlorine dioxide
Chloroacetic acid
l-(3-Chloroallyl)-3,5,7-tnaza-
1-azoniaadamanlaiie chloride
p-Chloroaailine
Chlorobenzene
1 -Chloro- lf 1-difluoroefliaae
(HCFC-I42b)
Cblorodifluoroiaethane
(HCFC-22)
Chloroethane
CMorofbrm
Chloromethase
Chloromethyl methyl ether
3-ChIoro-2-inethyI-l-riropene
Chlorophenols
Chloropjcnn
Chloroprene
Energy
Recycled
On-sMe
Pounds
6,000
11
0
4,662,000
0
674,672
39,200
0
343,951
0
0
0
5,953,022
93,695
7,330,808
472,175
437,181
0
0
504,123
7,831,833
0
4,079
46,121
0
19,122,418
2,073,432
0
2,604
0
0
0
0
82,275,726
2,242,600
42,416
9,900
0
5,742,719
13,140
4,647,033
3,909,753
6,039,162
2,999,190
0
0
2,486,786
29,902
0
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
207,750
0
0
0
0
0
37,128,076
1,902,440
22,248,666
20,272,772
53,474,091
46,792
2,757,675
0
0
0
0
458,932
0
6,776,413
1,050,017
1,805,617
0
10,927,849
0
0
0
4,000
0
0
0
0
2,870,143
0
0
12,244,253
8,887,218
4,492,933
0
0
0
0
944,336
Treated
Oil-site
Pounds
6,500
382,165
18,062
14,057,885
29,000
0
454,397
0
0
0
0
0
61,528,326
3,155,076
39,477,166
2,060,170
2,117,278
350,376
1,905,739
67,708
68,747
0
9,500
437,614
3
23,478,038
41,816,616
14,041,155
0
3,729,029
4,150
0
0
259,753,478
50,907,468
1,636,910
1,080
411
11,527,191
154,810
556,776
28,988,635
13,453,310
12,991,668
8,220
345,271
207,215
365
7,250,217
Total
On-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
12,500
382,176
18,062
18,719,885
29,000
674,672
701,347
0
343,951
0
0
0
104,609,424
5,151,211
69,056,640
22,805,117
56,028,550
397,168
4,663,414
571,831
7,900,580
0
13,579
942,667
3
49,376,869
44,940,265
15,846,772
2,604
14,656,878
4,150
0
0
342,033,204
53,150,068
1,679,326
10,980
411
20,140,053
167,950
5,203,809
45,142,641
28,379,690
20,483,791
8,220
345,271
2,694,001
30,267
8,194,553
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7,241,635
90,081
2,929,058
143,765
12,084
0
3,405
395,287
710,242
0
0
0
0
395
128,727
0
0
0
0
0
0
751,987
0
0
0
0
1,605,990
14,000
232,795
155,710
668,897
0
0
0
0
0
281,520
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
190
0
0
0
0
0
3,409
308,058
7,807,862
3,500,087
8,386,360
263,538
26,894
0
1,613
0
0
0
0
297,411
26,337
0
0
32,112
0
0
0
10,348
0
0
0
455
589367
21
721
39,841
189,452
6,223
0
0
670
64
14,010
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
0
1,169
29,048
158,170
7,104
0
0
0
0
8
1,448
0
92,020
59,934
1,222,863
86,670
184,233
20,558
22^51
34,693
192,918
0
2,081
67,982
60346
24,954
1,600,815
5,900
390
19,160
1
553
36,604
1,011,185
0
251
6,357
5,400
2,803,074
42,716
275,716
490,834
1,860,389
253,067
0
52,209
8,698
370
252,891
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
0
5
0
2,674,844
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
670
112,122
1,862,777
56,350
1,151,656
0
258,800
570
2,577
^ 0
0
5
0
292,225
480
0
2
34,644
83
0
0
567,079
16,000
1,250
36
3,826
8,139
0
5
762
329,533
9,758
0
103
0
0
16,109
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
11,000
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
21,747
0
0
1,926
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
0
1,174
29,048
2,833,014
7,104
0
190
0
0
8
1,448
0
7,337,734
, 570,195
13,833,560
3,786,872
9,734,333
284,096
311,450
430,551
907,350
0
2,081
67,987
60,346
614,985
1,756,359
5,900
392
85,916
84
553
36,604
2,340,599
16,000
1,501
6,393
9,681
5,028,317
56,737
509,237
689,073
3,048,271
269,048
0
52312
9,368
434
564,530
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
12,537
406,841
77,856
21,877,588
36,104
679,371
3,001,785
0
367,704
1,546
18,174
0
120,423,280
5,979,902
109,092,615
27,617,067
68,708,742
690,769
5333,341
1,078,869
10,221,593
1
28,694
984,715
62,223
123,183,876
45,991,160
35,818,382
3,388
14,752,655
4,989
596
36,605
411,400,655
54,522,783
1,686,206
22,655
11,459
26,343,646
6,495,601
15,401,656
48,384,121
41,656,082
25,480,331
11,137
420,590
2,822,844
42,513
9,912,418
Note On-site Waste Management from Section and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding off-site transfers to disposal)
of Form R. Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes Production-related Waste from Section 8 of Form R (total excludes
remedial and catastrophic quantities)
69
-------
Chapter 2—f 996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-21 A.TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1996, Continued
CAS
Number Chemical
3S4.2S4 i-aitoro-I.l&a-tdm.
flaomctfiaat (HCFC-124»)
2837-89-0 2-ChlOfO-l,l.l,2-tctr«flaoro-
rfanopICFC-124)
1197-454* CWorettitonH
Fugitive or
Ncnpoi nt Air
Emissions
Pounds
4,677
238,752
12,307
7S-88-7 2"Ch!aro-l,U-triflyore«ttt»ie 250
(tICFC-133§)
7J-72-9 CMofOtnfluoromeitae
(CFC-13)
Si9S-I3-0*ehtoipynfoi methyl
64902-72-3 *Chtofsul&«)o
744Q-47-3 Chromium
— Chromium compounds
$69-64-2 C,I. Bute Great 4
9S9-3S-S C,l, Bute Red 1
28407-374 C4. Direct Bloc 218
2S32-404 CJ. Dispose Yellow 3
SI-S8-9 C I. Food Red 15
W4(MM Cobalt
— Cobalt corapoynds
7440.SO.S*Coppcr
— Copper compounds
800|.S8-9*CreoMte
120-71-8 j*Citt
-------
Chapter 2— 1996 TRI Re/eases and Transfers
Table 2-21B. TRI Other On-site Wasfe Management and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, by Chemical, 1996,
Continued
Chemical
l-Chloro-l,l,2,2-tetra-
fluetoethane (HCFC-124a)
2-ChtoK>-U,l,2-tetrafluoro-
ethane (HCFC-124)
Chlorothaloml
2-Cnloro-l,l,l-trifluoroethane
(HCFC-133a)
Chlorotnfluoromefliane
(CFC-13)
Chlorpyrifos methyl
ChlorsuWuron
Chromium
Chromium compounds
C I Basic Green 4
C I Basic Red I
CI Direct Blue 218
CI Disperse Yellow 3
CI Food Red 15
Cobalt
Cobalt compounds
Copper
Copper compounds
Creosote
p-Cresidme
m-Cresol
o-Cresol
p-Cresol
Cresol (mixed isomers)
Crotonaldehyde
Cumene
Cumene hydroperoxide
Cupferron
Cyanazuie
Cyanide compounds
Cycloate
Cycloliexane
Cyclohexaiiol
Cyfluthnn
2,4-D (acetic acid)
Dazomet
Dazoinet, sodium salt
2,4-DB
2,4-D bufoxyetftyl ester
Decabromodiphenyl oxide
Desmediptan
2,4-D 2-Ethylhexyl ester
4,4'-Dianmiodipheayl ether
2,4-Diammotoluene
Diaminotoluene
(mixed isomers)
Diazinon
Dibenzofiiran
1,2-Dibromoethane
Dibromotebnafluoroethane
(Halon2402)
Dtbotyl phthalate
Energy
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
0
184,882
5,208
0
0
2,692
0
30,287,624
25,668,394
0
0
0
0
0
3,778,210
215,762
737,221,219
189,656,521
48,219,156
0
2,104,414
97,068
90,880
502,345
0
16,061,751
0
0
0
588,476
0
61,438,279
0
0
78,758
0
0
0
0
902,477
0
4,701
0
0
0
42,605
183,852
0
96,000
46,139
Recovery
Da-site
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
34,195
27,254
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
123,097
59
5,500
0
789,240
299,260
430,589
4,573,47*
22,600
9,440,085
0
679
0
120,114
0
8,021,506
1,405,718
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4,731,680
0
190
0
0
333,566
Treated
Oii-sile
Pounds
33,195
183,025
25,902
0
0
0
0
317,369
5,417,810
100
0
639
0
0
147,007
1,107,761
41,621,864
5,817,034
19,634,028
0
229,581
196,840
468,502
14,730,070
571,700
38,743335
543,481
0
39,000
10,946,174
0
33,944,668
208,684
1,110
25,360
15,261
130
0
0
48,973
0
0
140
66,836
442,162
107,961
491,323
11,202
0
121,193
Total
On-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
33,195
367,907
31,110
0
0
2,692
0
30,639,188
31,113,458
100
0
639
0
0
3,925,217
1,323,523
778,966,180
195,473,614
67,858,684
0
3,123,235
593,168
989,971
19,805,891
594,300
64,245,171
543,481
679
39,000
11,654,764
0
103,404,453
1,614,402
1,110
104,118
15,264
130
0
0
951,450
0
4,701
140
66,836
5,173,842
150,566
675,365
11,202
96,000
500,898
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
0
226,600
148
0
0
0
0
82,655,975
31,270,685
0
0
0
0
0
6,699,148
1,940,354
539,187,912
194,626,529
0
0
820,576
8
500,574
388,055
0
153,825
0
0
0
31,823
0
507,862
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
117,679
0
0
0
0
0
0
4,601
0
0
13,360
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,109
55,259
0
40
0
0
0
0
2,020
63,810
19,948
35,675
0
38,925
53,235
115,535
558,963
0
1,191,125
12
0
5
22
0
2,657,437
67,115
0
0
0
0
0
0
4,881
0
0
0
0
2,712,895
3,900
500
3,301
0
139,274
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
0
0
274,590
16,571
0
5,500
9,807
643,205
3,327,978
11,499
248
0
0
0
21,256
105,173
1,224,559
1,884,588
258,443
1,600
24,217
12,421
20,308
274,727
0
88,661
1,937
90
22,355
404,941
1,006
1,800,730
123,556
1,223
31,635
2,700
13,948
792
3,256
53,022
492
23,721
9,975
279
219,120
8,478
132
27,431
0
108,022
Transfers
toPOTWs
Pounds
0
0
1,459
5
0
0
0
49,915
247,125
0
15
79
5,891
5
6,533
7,433
370317
156,261
15,411
38,697
3,261
41,234
388,390
61,307
0
29,547
175,887
0
62
236,134
0
8,400
11,111
10
263
83
15
0
0
265,560
0
5
5
0
95,849
0
500
0
0
6,323
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,441
0
0
0
0
0
0
47,000
0
1,004
17,159
10,500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6,909
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
0
226,600
276,197
16,576
0
5,500
9,807
83,355,645
34,901,047
11,499
303
79
5,891
5
6,773,937
2,054,980
540,847,602
196,704,485
320,029
40,297
886,979
106,898
1,024,807
1,283,052
0
1,463,158
177,836
90
22,422
672,920
1,006
4,981,338
201,782
1,233
31,898
2,783
13,963
792
3,256
441,142
492
23,726
9,980
279
3,027,864
12,378
5,733
30,732
0
266,979
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
629,214
1,539,206
568,381
50,869
9,500
17,969
9,808
124,633,699
105,639,489
609
971
2,119
6,960
0
11,312,611
4,221,216
1,353,885,321
456,506,872
72,500,095
44,162
4,578,595
1,152,834
2,335,909
23,349,769
715,173
67,186,433
1,016,533
769
68,859
16,757,529
1,086
116,046,627
5,686,289
2,729
138,148
24,409
14,232
826
3,619
2,260,569
507
24,245
10,360
68,690
9,117,854
178,501
738,244
50,530
96,010
1,057,185
Note un-slte waste Management trom section and Transfers un-site lor rurtlter waste Management trom section b ^excluding ott-sit<
of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes. Production-related Waste from Section 8 of Form R (total excludes
remedial and catastrophic quantities)
71
-------
Chapter 2 — 1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-21 A.TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1996, Continued
On-site Releases
Fugitive or
CAS NonpolntAir
Number Chcmlcni Emissions
Pounds
l9«.00-9*Dicimb«
9MO.S*0fch!onm
9S-JO-1 U-DidUoMbcazene
541-73-1 U-DfcUontttazene
106-46-7* 14-DttUanfteazene
2J321-22-4 Dfchterobcnzene
(mixed Uoracrs)
91-94-1 33r-Dkhlocobcn2idtne
612-53-9 33*4Jichl«obeazidii»c
d&j'drochlon'dc
64«9-34-2 33'-D»lorebenzMinesulfate
75-27-4 DidilorobfOinoratUiinc
764-1LO 1.4-DicUocQ-2.buJene
HO-57-i triM-l,4-Dichlora-2-buteic
1649-08-7 1,2-Dfclilofo-U-dJflaoro-
«tane(HCFC-!32b)
75-7 1-S DfcUocodiOaocomethime
(CFC-12)
107-06-2 U-Diclitorocthas
5X0-590 l,2.DicU«oethyfcne
1717-00-6 I.l.DKhlotO-l-fluoroctlune
0!CFC-I41b)
75-43-4 DKhkuofluoforacthaae
(HCFC-21)
7J-09-? Didikxomdhane
507-S5-I W-Dfchloro-UAW-pcnta-
fluoropcoptnc (HCFC-225cb)
412-56-0 33-Dichloro-l,l,lA2-pt«o-U>2.tnfluora-
elbaoe{HePC-123«}
306-83-2 2>Dfcfl{Qra.l»l,l-tnfliiora-
ctlane{HCFC.|23)
62-73-7* Dtdilcxvos
1 15-32-2* Dicofol
77-73-4 Dfcy«lojKti!aMoic
1 1 1-42-2 Dicibanobmbc
1 17-81-7 D^-clhy&cxyl) phthalatc
64-67-5 DMIhyllulfate
3S347-38-S* Dintobcnzuran
101-90-6 Dijlycidyl rcsorcinol ether
94-5S-S DSiydnjM&oIc
— Diisocyuulcs
S52SO-64-7* DuncthipJm
60-Sl-S*Duncthoate
1 19-90-4 33'-Dim«lia)«yb
-------
Chapter 2 —1996 TR1 Releases and Transfers
Table 2-21B. TRI Other On-site Waste Management and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, by Chemical, 1996,
Continued
Chemical
Dicamba
Dichloran
1,2-Dichlorobenzene
l,3-0ichlorobenzene
1,4-Dichlorabenzene
Dichlorobenzene
(mixed isomers)
3 .S'-Diehlorobenzidine
3,3'-DioMarobenzidme
djbydrochlonde
3,3'-DichlorobenzKtae sulfate
Dichlorobromomethane
1 ,4-Dichl0ro-2-butene
trans- 1 ,4-D
-------
Chapter 2—1996 TRI Re/eases and Transfers
Table 2-21A.TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1996, Continued
On-lite Releases
Fugitive or
CAS Nonpoint Air
Number Chemical Emissions
Pounds
I24-4M DinKrtiylamate
330Q46-S* DltBethjtaiinc dicamba
12W9-7 N,N.Din«tfiyfcuiilinc
1 1 9-93-7 3,3*-Ihra«liyft>«izidinc
612-S2-3 33'-Djmclh>Ibcni]dinc
dihydrochjondo
2S24-OJ-0 Dimethyl cUorodriopliOSpliate
6S-12-2 N,N-Diincthjlforaiannde
57-M-7 U-Duncthyl hjdoanc
IOS-67-9* 2,4-Djmethytplienol
S7«6-l 2^.DraKlhs>I*aiol
131.11-3 Diincih>lptiihil«c
77-TS'l Ditnclhyl sul&te
99-65-0 ra-Dimirobcnzeae
528-29-0 o-DmiuCrfcciizenc
100' 25-4 p-Dinttrobcruoje
$$•$5-7 Dinitrobutjl phenol
$J4-S2«I 4,6-Dlnifro-o-airaoI
51-23-5 2,4-Duuitoi*<:nol
121*14.2 2,4-DuiittttohKne
606-20-2 2,6-DnilWXolucM
2S12I-I4-6 Dinteotoluate (mixed isomas)
J93!XM5-3*Dtnoc3|»
123-91-1 I,«»*«ie
122-39-4 * 0ll
135-93-2* Dtfcxlium cjjnodilhiotir.ido-
eatbonaw
330-54. l»Disiroi«
243!MO«3*00d»e
120-36-5 *2,4-DP
5702-72-9*2,4.0 jodiura sak
106-59.3 Epfchtocofaydnit
IJW-IWEtJioprop
llfrSW 2-ElhoxyethiinoI
I40-IS-J Ethyl KryMe
100-4 1-4 ElbylbcMcne
S4M1-3 Ethyl chtororomwte
7S J-94 A • Ethyl dipfopyllhtocattamale
74^5-1 «Etbylcne
— DhsknebisdilhiocatbaBuc
ncid. sate ind esters
107-21.1 Dhykne glycol
IS!-5fr-4 tdiylencunute
7«l4"DI»l<3KC«Kle
96-45-7 CO^IoKttiiouits
7S-34-3 IIlhjliJcncdiJikiTKjc
J2-S5-7 r.mphur
60l6S.SS.9«F«armHil
I3356.0M* FcnbuMtm csudc
39SlSm-S*FeapcppMhtai
$«S.9*Fcnthioo
51630«5S.l»rcnv»lcti
-------
Chapter 2 — 1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-21B. TRI Other On-site Waste Management and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, by Chemical, 1996,
Continued
Chemical
Dunethylamine
Dimethylamine dicamba
^N-Dimethylamhne
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine
3,3<-Dimethylbenzidme
dihydrochlonde
Dimethyl chlorothiophosphate
^,N-Dimethylfoimamide
1,1-Dimelhyl hydrazine
2,4-Dunethylphenol
2,6-DimethyIphenol
Dimethyl phthalate
Dimethyl sulfate
m-Duutrobenzene
o-Dimtrobenzene
p-Duutrobenzene
Dinitrobutyl phenol
4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol
2,4-Dinitrophenol
2,4-Dimtrotoluene
2,6-Duutrotoluene
Dimtrotoluene (mixed isomers)
Dinocap
1,4-Dioxane
Diphenylamine
Dipotassium endothall
Disodium cyanodithioimido-
carbonate
Diuron
Dodine
2,4-DP
2,4-D sodium salt
Epichlorohydnn
Ethoprop
2-Ethoxyethanol
Ethyl acrylate
Ethylbenzene
Ethyl chloroformate
Ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate
Ethylene
Ethylenebisdithiocarbanuc
acid, salts and esters
Ethylene glycol
Ethylenemune
Ethylene oxide
Ethylene thiourea
Ethyhdene dichlonde
Famphur
Fenanmol
Fenbutatin oxide
Fenpropathrui
Fenthion
Fenvalerate
Fluazifop butyl
Fluometuron
Fluorine
Energy
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
494,604
11,863
48,000
0
0
0
5,447,326
0
33,354
4,100
0
100,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,592,026
1,200,000
0
0
0
0
4,256
0
20,158,532
3
6,210
284,024
33,064,962
0
0
194,529,481
0
378,289,176
0
114,788
0
1,300,000
0
0
0
0
7
0
0
0
0
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
8,000
0
0
0
0
0
9,632,409
9,215
1,836,216
263,030
225,020
0
0
0
0
267,404
716,801
319,777
51,527
1,711
0
0
3,126,659
2,190,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,863,590
0
480,076
7,177,162
31,512,229
0
0
490,573,955
0
6,653,981
0
28,135
0
140,773
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Treated
On-site
Pounds
2,626,306
0
6,895
2,287
0
0
12,108,837
4,237
562,773
8,200
360,632
76,354
750,922
468,906
29,076
7,701
29,000
1,207,434
35,270
23,500
221,517
0
1,074,367
38,849
0
0
0
0
0
3,956
2,992,084
0
662,210
16,524,991
60,433,909
11,600
0
483,574,781
0
57,466,450
22,000
13,246,872
0
2,410,240
0
0
0
0
8
0
0
0
3,005
Total
On-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
3,128,910
11,863
54,895
2,287
0
0
27,188,572
13,452
2,432,343
275,330
585,652
176,354
750,922
468,906
29,076
275,105
745,801
1,527,211
86,797
25,211
221,517
0
9,793,052
3,428,849
0
0
0
0
4,256
3,956
29,014,206
3
1,148,496
23,986,177
125,011,100
11,600
0
1,168,678,217
0
442,409,607
22,000
13,389,795
0
3,851,013
0
0
0
0
15
0
0
0
3,005
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
280,627
0
58,775
0
0
77,756
0
0
0
0
0
0
840
0
0
0
846
25,237
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
22,801
45,497
5,339,992
0
0
13,317
0
110,548,356
0
6,664
2,735
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
1,633
0
1,087,965
0
0
0
3,872,987
7,001
90,569
14,755
84,755
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1,371,301
421,527
0
0
0
0
0
0
75,430
0
163,808
792,458
8,905,167
0
0
13,028,335
5
17,019,781
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
134,626
0
80,649
0
0
0
752,773
8,806
23,610
2,831
16,715
0
77
10
3
340
8,390
0
0
26
11,385
0
22,070
' 231,730
250
0
1,385
500
253
0
1,443,664
1,105
82,677
329,056
1,685,706
0
9,610
1,112,185
14,780
6,086,887
0
963
2,815
18,514
4,416
0
0
0
3,271
3,994
0
14,035
0
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
179,127
0
95,542
0
0
0
4,009,179
0
5,675
0
53,702
5
0
0
0
0
626
0
0
0
83,000
0
160,497
7,683
0
0
250
0
0
0
11,471
0
78,269
24,090
76,581
0
5
261
882
16,587,111
0
117,227
1
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
235
0
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
44,588
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
315,386
0
1,264,156
0
0
0
8,915,566
15,807
178,629
17,586
155,172
77,761
77
10
3
340
9,016
1
840
26
94,385
0
1,554,714
686,177
250
0
1,635
500
253
0
1,530,567
1,105
347,555
1,191,101
16,007,446
0
9,615
14,154,098
15,667
150,286,723
0
124,854
5,551
18,514
4,421
0
0
0
3,271
3,994
0
14,275
0
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
3,987,348
13,044
1,382,346
2,547
0
10
38,750,948
22,980
2,808,945
330,416
866,200
259,207
835,166
470,077
29,134
293,447
762,305
1,593,115
103,418
25,803
821,262
0
12,186,086
4,188,562
55
0
7,636
368
4,822
3,956
30,901,434
110,256
1,617,777
25,394,505
154,127,108
16,271
19,099
1,216,494,526
24,984
615,585,898
22,002
14,316,592
9,645
3,891,561
12,242
0
1,000
0
3,287
3,995
0
18,576
71,327
Note On-site Waste Management from Section and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding off-site transfers to disposal)
of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes Production-related Waste from Section 8 of Form R (total excludes
remedial and catastrophic quantities)
75
-------
Chapter 2 —1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-21A.TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1996,Continued
On-site Releases
CAS
Number Chemical
51414 Fteorauncil
69409-944* rittviltnae
133-07-3 *Foipc»
72173-02-0 FonwMfen
50-00-0 *FormilJchvd<:
64-184 Formic »cid
76-13-1 Frcanm
— OlyeoJ ethos
76-444* Hepttshlor
1 18-74-1 McxKhlorobaizae
8748-3 Hetichloto-13-buUdicne
77-47-4 HaencMococyclopcntadiene
67-72-1 HaaKhtarocdune
1 10-54-3 n-Heuae
51235-04-2* Hci^mwc
67485-29-4 * Hydnuncthytaoa
302-01-2 Hyd«Hne
10034-93-2 HydnztMfldOto
7«MH-0* Hydrochloric tod
74-904 Hydrogen cyanide
7664-39-3 Hydrogen fluoride
123-31-9 Hydnxpiiaone
$5406-534* 3-to(iQ.2.propyj)yl butyl-
13463-104 Iron pciucorfxxiy!
7844-2 liobuiyraWchydc
25311-71-lMKfcnphos
67414* hopropyUlcoho!
Smmuftclaring)
80-05-7 4,4-IsopropylWencdiphcnol
7750143-4 'Lactofia
7435-92-1 Lad
— Le»d compounds
5S-S9-9*Und«e
330-55-2* Liaurott
554-13-2 Lithium cubonitc
121-75-5' M.ljchuxi
10S-3 1-6 MlkKinhjdndc
109-77-3 Matonotiitrilc
iJ4Z7-38-2*Mi«!i
7439-96-5 M*ig»ncsc**
— Mmgiacse compounds
93-65-Z Mcceprep
149-30-4 2-M
-------
Chapter 2— 1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-21B. TRI Other On-site Waste Management and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, by Chemical, 1996,
Continued
Chemical
Fluorouracil
Fluvahnate
Folpet
Fomesafen
Formaldehyde
Formic acid
FreonllS
Glycol ethers
Heptachlor
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachloro-l,3-butadiene
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
Hexachloroethane
n-Hexane
Hexazinone
Hydramethylnon
Hydrazine
Hydrazine sulfate
Hydrochlonc acid
Hydrogen cyanide
Hydrogen fluoride
Hydroquinone
3-Iodo-2-propynyl butyl-
carbamate
Iron pentacarbonyl
Isobutyraldehyde
Isofenphos
Isopropyl alcohol
(manufacturing)
4,4'-Isopropyhdenediphenol
Lactofen
Lead
Lead compounds
Lindane
Linuron
Lithium carbonate
Malathion
Maleic anhydnde
Malononitnle
Maneb
Manganese
Manganese compounds
Mecoprop
2-Mercaptobenzothiazole
Mercury
Mercury compounds
Merphos
Methacrylonitnle
Metham sodium
Methanol
Methoxone
Methoxychlor
2-Methoxyethanol
Methyl acrylate
Methyl tert-butyl ether
Energy
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
930
0
0
0
87,248,040
883,880
692,774
195,662,187
0
7,100
0
0
0
226,946,357
0
0
0
0
73,213,533
73,467
113,956,854
962
6,193
0
5,109
9,948
125,634
102,400
13
209,065,669
396,430,669
371
0
35,836
104
6,847
0
0
32,636,249
134,562,338
1,972
5,630
803,882
46,348
0
0
35,780
537,583,324
8,591
0
1,704,300
1,010,001
1,693,888
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
0
0
0
0
8,433,075
6,705,732
74,113
43,392,075
0
240,000
66,000
0
939,000
27,541,392
0
0
300
0
120,000
33,847,854
0
1,298,419
0
0
2,316,637
0
3,274,940
8,712,328
0
89,267
0
0
0
0
0
3,333,330
0
0
0
21,216
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
331,508,259
0
0
146,744
908,315
807,055
Treated
On-site
Pounds
0
0
1,501
0
71,530,408
158,130,642
219,059,366
27,509,395
2,206
2,132,566
6,107,496
246,437
4,600,732
183,924,283
4,091
0
338,596
0
684,523,200
27,343,220
102,386,943
388,600
340
0
555,954
0
146,031
998,531
0
2,403,298
1,350,570
0
0
0
0
36,712,857
21
0
371,283
899,859
990
144,750
4,114
1
0
503
121
950,729,426
45
0
2,181,353
1,479,300
2,525,427
Total
On-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
930
0
1,501
0
167,211,523
165,720,254
219,826,253
266,563,657
2,206
2,379,666
6,173,496
246,437
5,539,732
438,412,032
4,091
0
338,896
0
757,856,733
61,264,541
216,343,797
1,687,981
6,533
0
2,877,700
9,948
3,546,605
9,813,259
13
211,558,234
397,781,239
371
0
35,836
104
40,053,034
21
0
33,007,532
135,483,413
2,962
150,380
807,996
46,349
0
503
35,901
1,819,821,009
8,636
0
4,032,397
3,397,616
5,026,370
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
0
0
0
0
40,083
988
114,875
3,320,310
0
I
0
0
0
10,711,026
0
0
1
0
3,106,585
0
300,265
0
76,936
0
4,110
0
10,631
1,620
0
36,000,051
283,323,678
0
0
0
0
7,307
0
0
90,014,975
52,316,073
0
19,118
23,748
2,000
0
0
0
17,478,098
0
0
11,084
10,018
283,774
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
0
0
0
0
212,122
2,216,791
53,651
14,836,166
0
2,215
0
800
71,034
15,066,284
0
0
65
0
11,450
250
6,692
47,951
1,183
0
492,237
0
430,297
75,268
0
5,320
68,985
0
0
0
0
98,199
0
0
36,070
223,482
0
800,000
0
500
0
0
557
90,419,383
0
0
1,304,325
313,548
1,853,551
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
0
0
234
5
701,402
177,878
1,074,322
2,299,832
16,073
42,146
277,522
55,082
120,921
3,265,794
213,513
0
1,961
0
3,357,319
3,316
2,063,848
99,588
3,665
0
50,743
2,162
23,421
57,588
4,040
2,016,537
12,061,469
1,388
250
4,450
1,957
1,311,988
0
1,108
1,314,531
6,349,936
2,747
12,313
6,586
7,855
0
0
5,938
37,230,842
1,191
1,250
97,388
79,773
604,850
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
0
0
0
0
1,888,772
2,899,291
255
11,095,899
32
0
2
1,580
0
92,888
250
5
3,733
0
2,025,449
1,380
336,467
32,930
13,342
0
73,213
0
142,613
19,576
0
19,579
27,932
0
0
10
0
3,017
0
0
72,506
323,137
5
929
5
10
0
0
1
81,631,668
5
0
741,640
15,322
253,430
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,530
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
59,564
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
36,060
0
0
189,780
538,834
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
40,863
20,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
13
0
0
0
0
0
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
0
0
234
5
2,842,379
5,294,948
1,243,103
31,554,737
16,105
44,362
277,524
57,462
191,955
29,135,992
213,763
5
5,760
0
8,560,367
4,946
2,707,272
180,469
95,126
0
620,303
2,162
643,022
154,052
4,040
38,231,267
296,020,898
1,388
250
4,460
1,957
1,420,511
0
1,108
91,478,945
59,232,628
2,752
832,360
30,339
10,365
0
0
6,496
226,760,004
1,196
1,250
2,154,437
418,661
2,995,605
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
930
0
4,248
4,801
191,563,245
184,631,875
222,533,621
341,156,273
18,514
2,448,643
6,455,792
312,981
5,736,137
539,616,121
220,925
5
373,612
350,000
833,864,867
64,188,841
232,944,508
2,189,143
112,013
1,379
3,738,528
17,526
4,936,742
10,791,340
5,408
255,641,888
752,768,994
2,031
234
220,432
4,634
42,033,547
432,995
1,322
133,772,704
263,481,976
10,648
1,245,056
860,054
79,595
200
583,083
61,733
2,290,480,930
16,012
818
7,042,511
4,042,978
12,689,501
Note. On-site Waste Management from Section and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding off-site transfers to disposal)
of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes Production-related Waste from Section 8 of Form R (total excludes
remedial and catastrophic quantities).
77
-------
Chapter 2 —1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-21 A.TRI On-slte and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1996, Continued
Oil-site Releases
CAS
Number Chemical
79-2 2 • 1 M«h> 1 ctikxrocjrboentc
101-14-4 4,4*-Meth}IC4KbM2*ciik*o-
miline)
10141-1 4,4<-MeUi>leiwbls(N,N-
dintcthyQ bducneaminc
74-954 Mediyknebmialde
101-77-9 4,4'-Meth>lcncd«nita*
7S-93-3 MeAyl «hyl fcetone
40-34-4 Methyl hydaztae
74.SS-I MeUiyl iodide
103-10-1 Methyl tobutyllaone
624-33-9 Mcikyl uocyHUle
$56414* Methyl iiMhiocyanate
7S-S6-S 2-Mcthylhctomtrile
80424 Mclliilmctlii-ry-htc
924-42-S N'M«hylol»erylamlde
29S-00-0 * Methyl pvalhioo
109-06-S 2-Mcthylpyndine
872-50-4 N-Mtthyt-2-ivnolidone
2108744-9* Metntazin
7786-34-7 Mcvnphos
22 1247-1 *Molma!s
1313-27-5 Molybdenum trioxide
Fugitive or
Nonpotnt Air
Emissions
Pounds
2,350
251
0
85,043
8,227
20,641,669
250
20,141
4,570,658
1,116
41
3,141
507,244
1375
716
68,705
1,579,639
2
0
315
159,992
76-15*3 Mooochlorgpenlafluotoetlune 67,620
(CFC-115)
505-60.2 Mwufdgu
8S67I-S9-Q* Myclototanil
1 42-594 *Kab»m
300-76-5 *K«fcd
9I-IO-3*N'in*thateic
134-32-7 il^i-N«phih)'bmmc
7*404524 Nickel
— Niclcl compounds
— Nteoliae «jtd nlut
192°--S2«4 * Nitmpynn
— Htirste compounds
769747-2 Nitric «cid
139-13-9 Nilrikrtrilcctic acid
100*014 p-Nittoanitac
99-59-2 S-NiWMJ-snlsMinc
9S-95-3 Nilrobenzcne
55434 Nitrojjlyccnn
53-75- 5 2-NiUoptlGJol
100-02-7 * 4-Nttrophenol
79-46-9 2-Nitrapropme
S6-304 N-NKKHodipfcnyfamme
1 56- 10-5 p-NiliosodiphenylamiEe
5949-2 N-Nwrojoniocpholtae
99-SS-S 5-NiSo-o-tohiiduu:
27314- 13-2«Nornuraa»
I90444S-3*0
-------
Chapters— f996 TRIReleases and Transfers
Table 2-21B. TRI Other On-site Waste Management and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, by Chemical, 1996,
Continued
Chemical
Mefhyl chlorocarbonate
4,4-Methylenebis(2-chloro-
amljiie)
4,4'-Methylenebis(N,N-
dimethyl) benzeneamine
Methylene bronude
4,4t-Metfaytefidiasihne
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl hydrazrne
Methyl iodide
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Methyl isocyanate
Methyl tsothiQCyanate
2-Methyllactomtrile
Methyl raethacrylate
N-Methylolacrylamide
Metiiyl parathiofl
2-Methylpyrtdme
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidoae
Metnbuzin
Mevinphos
Molmate
Molybdenum trioxide
Monoehloropentafluoroefhane
(CFC-115)
Mustard gas
Myciobutaml
Nabam
Naled
Naphthalene
alpha-Naphthylamise
Nickel
Nickel compounds
Nicotine aad salts
Nitrapyrm
Nitmte compounds
Nitric acid
Nitnlotnacetic acid
p-Nitroaniline
5-Nitro-o-anisidme
Nitrobenzene
Nitroglycenn
2-Nitraphenol
4-Nitrophenol
2-Nitropropane
N-Nitrosodiphenylarame
p-Nitrosodiphenylamine
N-Nittosomotphohne
5-Nitro-o-tohudine
Norflurazon
Oryzahn
Oxydemeton methyl
Oxydiazon
OxyfluorfeB
Ozone
Paraldehyde
Energy
Recycled
On-slte
Pounds
0
0
0
1,211,800
2,900
61,050,421
0
0
52,337,198
0
0
0
4,567,223
449
10
95,000
1,034,445
0
0
0
6,529,490
110,000
0
0
0
0
12,512,289
0
34,302,930
8,360,348
8,896
0
103,734,553
24,081,964
0
0
0
3,552,450
18,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
13,404
0
0
0
Recovery
On-slte
Pounds
0
0
0
0
52,414
92,654,090
0
1,900
20,171,448
0
0
0
2,367,486
0
0
50,000
373,437
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,184,798
0
16,476
37,998
0
0
0
165,558
0
0
0
1,781,334
0
53,000
12,990
0
0
9,400
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
48.SS6
Treated
On-site
Pounds
4,110
0
0
270
83,357
68,944,661
44
341
13,243,777
91,617
0
19,305
4,635,442
14,403
0
52,000
4,842,383
38,864
0
0
31,277
68,635
0
0
0
500
142^38,479
0
996,941
2,719,330
846,164
0
27,468,515
269,641,370
1,017,756
460
0
1,146,945
315,442
75,000
60,000
58,297
47,762
0
0
0
0
>• 0
0
2,600
0
2,221,877
230,000
Total
On-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
4,110
0
0
1,212,070
138,671
222,649,172
44
2,241
85,752,423
91,617
0
19,305
11,570,151
14,852
10
197,000
6,250,265
38,864
0
0
6,560,767
178,635
0
0
0
500
160,035,566
0
35,316347
11,117,676
855,060
0
131,203,068
293,888,892
1,017,756
460
0
6,480,729
333,442
128,000
72,990
58,297
47,762
9,400
0
0
0
0
0
16,004
0
2,221,877
278,566
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
20,101,826
0
0
12,107,396
0
0
0
58,074
0
0
0
6,671,779
0
0
0
2,736,322
0
0
0
0
0
248,539
0
73,839,083
25,082,239
158,695
0
5,537,321
2,610,233
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
0
2,494
0
0
2,235
37,076,309
0
0
17,968,462
0
73
0
1,328,264
45,763
0
2,873
2,295,296
0
0
21
3,276
0
0
0
0
0
3,380,659
0
70,582
1,379
0
550
98,981
346
0
0
0
20,703
36,584
0
1
50
230,000
17,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
s
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
0
11,299
0
0
55,191
4,887,309
5
27
1,233,056
3,007
340
0
211,404
314
2,120
538
1,684,956
13,213
0
1,256
360,880
14,262
0
0
0
3,176
797,683
0
2,060,315
864,624
50,591
130
5,266,009
11,575,491
0
89,720
0
599,215
15,809
20,900
476,030
12,467
120,000
180
23,600
0
1,041
51,800
0
250
13,126
0
0
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
0
5
0
0
2,023
598,327
0
0
299,154
0
0
0
229,373
4,435
0
23,000
1,124,740
0
0
0
63,951
0
0
0
0
5
23,955
0
86,328
93,795
247,957
0
59,945,210
3,851,407
18,000
15,850
5
116
217
47
169
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7,053
0
0
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
70,490
0
0
2,013
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,800
0
3,650
8,651
0
0
0
25,118
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
0
13,798
0
0
59,449
62,734,261
5
27
31,610,081
3,007
413
0
1,827,115
50,512
2,120
26,411
11,776,771
13,213
0
1,277
3,164,429
14,262
0
0
0
3,181
4,453,646
0
76,059,958
26,050,688
457,243
680
70,847,521
18,062,595
18,000
105,570
5
620,034
52,610
20,947
476,200
12,517
350,000
17,180
23,600
0
1,041
51,800
0
250
20,179
0
5
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
6,580
13,633
1
1,311,362
263,947
350,937,478
429
94,229
139,241,590
96,100
495
23,456
15,528,946
69,237
2,920
359,466
24,986,689
53,094
0
6,039
11,204,989
265,778
0
0
0
3,700
168,190,422
0
116,797,060
60,211,166
2,120,254
681
367,190,061
333,654,906
1,037^44
118,970
5
7,336,665
424,506
149,179
549,931
107,890
397,772
27,024
24,000
40
41,008
52,003
0
16,705
20,181
2,908,498
278,606
Note On-site Waste Management from Section and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding off-site transfers to disposal)
of Form R Other Offsite Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes Production-related Waste from Section 8 of Fonn R (total excludes
remedial and catastrophic quantities)
79
-------
Chapters— 1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-21A.TRI On-slte and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1996, Continued
On-site Releases
Fugitive or
CAS Nonpoint Air
Number Chemical Emissions
Pounds
I9HM2.S* Paraquat dKhtorfde
56-33-2 *Pm»(li ion
!U4-71.2*Pcbul«c
4WS7-42-1 * PfflduKihalin
76-01-7 PctiUchloroctJiifle
87-SS-S* Peauchlorepbaiol
79-21-0* PawxUe acid
394-42-3 PcreMocOBicthyl racreapttn
S1WS-5J-1 * Pemjellinn
85-01-S P&cnanthrcae
108-95-2* Monot
24Q02-SQ-2* Phcnotan
95-54-5 1,2-Phenytaediiminc
1 03-15-2 IJ-PbcnytaKdiannae
106-50-3 p-Ptayknediamtae
90-43*7* 2'Phc^>lpbcnol
57-4 1-0 PfccnyWto
JS-M-S Phosgene
7S03-SI-2 PhotphiM
7464-3S-2*P!w*i*sxicacid
7723-14-0 Ptephonix (yellow oc wh«c)
S5-M-9 PhdMhcanbydadQ
l9IS-024*Pielor»in
8849-1 Ptencacid
51-03-6* Pipcamyl butoxide
— Potjixomituled biphcnyls
— PotyeUorioMed ilkancs
1336-36-3 PoIycfaloraiJtcdbiphenjls
(rCB»)
— PoJyeysIie aromatic compounds
77SMI-2 Poteium bromate
128,03-0 * Poti4iiunt dimcllij Idithio-
enrfaraate
1S7-41-7* Pewustatn N-nwthyldithio-
carbanute
•»II»«-7*Prorcno6t
7287-194* Promctryn
23950-5S-5*Pwiamidc
i91S.l6-7*Prep«eht0f
1120-71-4 Ptopjneakoae
3?09«98«S*Prop*nU
2312.35-8* Pwp«si!c
W7-19-7 Prep»g>t alcohol
3t2«.S3-4*Prepcl«npha«
68207-9W * Prop«o!»i»te
123-3S-6 PropwnaWchyife
114-26- 1 'Prop*™-
HS-07-1 Pro»fcnc
75-55-8 Pton/kncimine
7S.5WI>top>la«: oxide
IIOS6-I PynJinr
91-22.5 Qumotine
106-5M QtiOTOae
32-6S-S* QutntOKite
76SJS-14-8*QulisilofoiM«hyl
104S3-S4-S' Rcsmtrfiiui
500
0
250
1,470
1,427
8,164
960
12
981
14,517
2,456,348
0
22
327
3,416
55
0
6,635
11,941
196,086
24359
59,978
521
0
206
0
1,775
S
121,107
5
73
0
0
1,015
S
0
0
500
S
1,799
5
S
76,050
0
10,546,131
366
226,160
47,611
12,053
3,801
1,550
1
i
Air
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
500
0
250
760
225
4,977
10,595
552
514
113,917
7,096,154
0
494
2,342
564
4,052
0
9,648
8,440
851,959
1,577
367,260
1
0
307
250
1,012
250
521,753
0
107
0
0
283
250
250
0
2,877
255
6,964
S
S
94,958
0
15,859,826
36
354,701
43,568
10,921
3,304
1,061
0
0
On-site Land Releases
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
0
0
0
22
22
8,236
S
0
0
103
72,555
0
3,000
128,739
409
1
0
0
0
28367,233
255
174
0
0
14
0
8,372
0
8,079
0
0
0
0
27
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
32,077
0
7,133
0
45,393
908
20
500
0
0
0
Underground Injection
Class I Class H-V
Wells Wells
Pounds Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,045,370
0
0
0
0
0
0
S
0
9,716
0
0
0
94,031
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
285,166
0
0
74,613
0
0
0
12,141
428,000
32,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
RCRA
Subtitle C
Landfills
Pounds
0
0
0
750
0
2,750
0
0
0
1,855
12,998
0
26,940
37,508
1,308
0
0
0
643
43,325
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9,205
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
750
0
0
1
0
0
836
0
0
Other
On-site Land
Releases
Pounds
0
0
0
140
0
250
812
0
0
4,461
146,061
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
31,417,396
2,057,524
0
0
0
0
0
687
0
14,439
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,708
0
335
0
466
0
0
0
0
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
1,000
0
500
3,142
1,674
24,377
12,372
564
1,495
134,853
11,829,486
0
30,456
168,916
5,697
4,358
0
16,288
21,024
60,885,715
2,083,715
427,412
522
94,031
527
250
11,846
9,460
665^78
5
180
0
0
1,325
255
250
0
3,627
260
293,929
260
10
277,698
0
26,415,548
402
638,730
520,088
55,460
7,605
3,447
1
1
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
5
0
500
0
0
196,075
0
0
1,250
89,038
1,016,261
0
8
633
0
1,789
12,800
0
0
2,331,930
19,839
103,707
0
0
0
375
89,133
51,086
1,248,088
0
0
0
0
500
0
1,200
0
0
0
576
1,000
1,332
62
0
2,181
0
39,230
775
5,072
0
0
0
0
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
1,005
0
1,000
3,142
1,674
220,452
12,372
564
2,745
223,891
12,845,747
0
30,464
169,549
5,697
6,147
12,800
16,288
21,024
63,217,645
2,103,554
531,119
522
94,031
527
625
100,979
60,546
1,913,466
5
180
0
0
1,825
255
1,450
0
3,627
260
294,505
1,260
1,342
277,760
0
26,417,729
402
677,960
520,863
60,532
7,605
3,447
1
1
Note, On-sitc Releases from Section S and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site tansfere to disposal) of Form R
*P«»tdde
80
-------
Chapter 2— f 996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-21B. TRI Other On-slte Waste Management and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, by Chemical, 1996,
Continued
Chemical
Paraquat dichlonde
Parathion
Pebulate
Pettdimeihalm
Penteehloroettane
Pentachlorophenol
Peracetic acid
Perchioromefliyl mercaptan
Permethnn
Pheaanthreae
Phenol
Phenothnn
1,2-Pheayleaediamise
1,3-PhenylenediaraiBe
p-Phenylenediamme
2-Phenylpheaol
Pieuytoin
Phosgene
Phosphme
Phosphoric acid
Phosphorus (yellow or white)
Phthahc ashydnde
Picloram
Picnc acid
Piperonyl butoxide
PolybromiaatBd biphenyls
Polychlonnated alkanes
Polychlonnated biphenyls
(PCBs)
Polyeyclie aromatic compounds
Potassium bromate
Potassium dimethyWiflwo-
carbamate
Potassium N-methyWithio-
earbamate
Profenofos
Prometryn
Pronamide
Propachlor
Propane sultone
Pfopaml
Prapargite
Propargyl alcohol
Propetamphos
Propiconazole
Propionaldehyde
Propoxur
Propylene
Propyleneunine
Propylene oxide
PyndBie
Quinolme
Quinoae
Qaiatozene
Quizalofop-etiiyl
Resmethnn
Energy
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
23
0
0
600
4,150,000
1,232,965
0
0
0
445,644
40,787,213
0
0
1,200
0
0
0
0
0
310,993,398
300
90,881
0
0
0
0
17,136
0
1,202,404
0
0
0
0
0
8,800
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
60,407,279
0
3,780,004
7,426,653
15,881
0
884
0
0
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
0
0
0
0
390,000
11,754
0
0
0
611,002
27,483,437
0
0
0
0
92
0
200
0
8,300
0
2,098,212
0
136,931
0
0
69,000
0
16,190,102
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
211,930
0
0
255,989
0
567,598,551
0
18,451,509
1,278,558
34,652
230,508
0
0
0
Treated
On-site
Pounds
0
0
0
150,000
6,531,742
22,743
4,160
98,690
177
746,789
25,790,593
0
136,000
1,162,215
303,611
705,215
0
17,249,349
350,643
117,388,358
610,526
12,577,144
26,464
1,779,450
9
0
228,286
0
2,»9,7S9
0
0
0
0
827
0
0
4
0
0
333,937
0
0
4,446,808
0
302,585,973
1,734
13,284,599
886,200
91,001
366,115
0
0
0
Total
On-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
23
0
0
150,600
11,071,742
1,267,462
4,160
98,690
177
1,803,435
94,061,243
0
136,000
1,163,415
303,611
705,307
0
17,249,549
350,643
428,390,056
610,826
14,766,237
26,464
1,916,381
9
0
314,422
0
20,302,265
0
0
0
0
827
8,800
0
4
0
0
545,872
0
0
4,702,797
0
930,591,803
1,734
35,516,112
9,591,411
141,534
596,623
884
0
0
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
2,971
0
0
0
1,495
120,652
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7,460,279
110,484
475
0
0
0
4,219
271378
59,972
8,743,647
0
40,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
255
31,550
2,180
0
0
0
0
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
0
0
0
0
12,300
8,875
0
0
0
192,495
3,787,203
0
0
1,091
0
0
0
0
0
72,379
0
4,814,622
0
0
0
0
230,140
250
73,385
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
3,808
289,545
0
0
18,135
0
215,250
0
250,033
260,552
34,429
0
221,410
0
0
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
250
0
250
5,108
208,004
67,358
7,300
10
2,660
122,964
3,556,740
0
930
144,552
22,030
250
250
2,270
0
1,835,400
21,916
241,672
0
21,015
4,989
0
287,210
243,194
4,641
0
765
43
0
56,565
500
8,450
0
1,744
11,970
11,256
0
0
9
0
272,632
0
1,871
252,608
17,015
50,513
398,894
0
600
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
32
0
0
0
0
611
2,664
0
0
42
3,280,289
0
15
3,157
5,850
24,662
0
0
0
2,745,535
272
149,891
0
0
0
0
74,867
0
624
0
147,911
0
0
12
0
15
0
0
105
24,937
0
0
320,765
0
6,315
0
206,725
355,442
255
0
4
0
0
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
750
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
282
0
250
5,108
220,304
79,815
9,964
10
2,660
316,996
10,744,884
0
945
148,800
27,880
24,912
250
2,270
0
12,114,343
132,672
5,206,660
0
21,015
4,989
4,219
863,595
303,416
8,822,297
0
188,676
43
0
56,582
500
8,465
0
1,744
15,883
325,738
0
0
338,909
0
494,447
0
458,884
900,152
53,879
50,513
620,308
0
600
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
326
0
820
160,138
11,293,709
1,551,847
26,290
99,246
3,921
2,471,952
117,406,441
0
167,409
1,481,506
339,489
732,897
13,050
17,268,049
371,022
503,562,424
2,864,362
20,539,607
26,986
2,031,427
5,655
4,724
1,316,176
52,237
31,063,793
8
188,756
43
0
60,636
9,670
9,900
4
4,481
15,893
1,166,171
1,032
3,055
5,319,755
0
957,526,443
2,136
36,848,356
11,009,790
255,277
654,741
624,210
1
601
of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes Production-related Waste from Section, 8 of Form R (total excludes
remedial and catastrophic quantities)
81
-------
Chapter 2— 1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-21 A. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1996, Continued
On-site Releases
CAS
Niimb«r Chemical
SI -07-2 SKClunn (miuiufjcturmg)
94-59-7 Stftolc
7782-49-2 Sckniura
— Selenium compounds
740S 1 40-2* Scthoxydim
7440-22-4 »Sa«er
— SiV.cr compounds
1 22-34-9 'Simiimc
246J8-22-S SoAwatadc
IW2-69-0* Sodium dtcamlx
12S-CH-I * Sodtun dttnttliyldithio-
catbamale
76J2-OQ-0 Sodwmnimic
10CM2-5 Stjtenc
96-OT3 Stymie oxide
76M-OJ-9* Sulfuric acid
2»9.794« Suifiiiyl fluoride
3S4CXM1.2 Sufprofe*
S4014 < 18- 1 * Tebuthiunm
3l«.96-S*Tascphos
S902-St«2*TatjKil
630-20-6 1,1,1,2-Tctndilorocdune
7W4.S l,lA2.T«rschIon!cUnmc
I27-IS-4 T«tt»dilor«a»'fcne
96t-H«S» Tctr»eht«viaphoj
64-75-$ Tewoyelinehydrechloride
76?4-I2-0«Tar*«ahnB
— Thilhum compounds
148-794*Tliisbcndjuote
2S249-774* TTiwhcfKarf)
59669-26-0 * Thfoditatb
2356406-9 Thwphaois eftyl
2J$W'OS-$*TliiophMae mwkyl
42.564 Thtoucm
117.26-8'Tlufwn
II 14-20- 1 Thorium dioxide
7550-45-0 TNtnium Ktndilorfdc
l08-£8«3 Toiaaw
$1444.9 TofcKW.2,4-diuocyjna!e
9I-OS-7 Totocnc-2,6-dn$oeyanaic
2 W7 1-62-5 Toto«>«iin6ey»natc
q (mixed IJO-BOT)
95*53-4 o-Toluidinc
4Ji2Mi.3«Tn*!i radon
2JQ3.I?.5«Tr«n*le
101100-484* Tcftcnuron methyl
2155-704* Trftxilylnti racihiaylMe
78-48.8* S^^.TribiKjltnthSopl«ispiu
52484 *TricMorfQii
76-02-8 TfKhfefWCtyl chfcsriJe
120-824 W-TnJikxobctucnc
71.554 1,1,1-Tfiditorocthanc
W-OO-S 1,14-Triehlorocdanc
79*014 Trkhtotocll]>lctic
75-494 Tridiloronuoromclhjnc
(CTC-tl)
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
210
500
S
1,986
0
6,261
3,016
1,007
1,110
5
1,453
75,141
10,917,192
7
738,366
15,000
0
0
0
0
3,960
12,638
3,095,666
110
5
0
0
230
530
488
0
75
1,093
1,674
0
21,080
41,71 1,487
3,247
6,262
22,122
8,997
0
250
0
10
tc 1325
0
0
32,283
4339326
33,142
10,665,331
552,444
Air
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
33
S
40
45,278
0
1,947
13,375
3,584
20,203
750
1,381
210,769
31,011,969
24
18,951,993
347,000
0
S
0
0
2,506
2,850
4,765,504
255
250
0
0
4,600
281
1,021
0
422
119
1,960
1
9,771
83,670,741
4,086
7,404
23,191
8,584
0
339
1
10
473
0
1
124,980
4,428,210
305,908
10,606,835
140,307
On-site Land Releases
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
0
0
97
2,404
0
149
8,147
93
268
0
10
U02379
12,864
0
1,281
0
0
0
0
3,835
30
130
1,311
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
339
40
0
0
68,697
0
0
0
260
0
0
0
5
2
0
0
433
844
516
541
961
Underground Injection
Class I Class II-V
Wells Wells
Pounds Pounds
0
0
0
3,100
0
0
370
0
0
0
0
727,000
228,317
0
15,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
13,436
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,000
0
0
0
325,920
0
0
0
17,450
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
750
1354
0
1,291
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3,355
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
RCRA
Subtitle C
Landfills
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
111
0
0
0
90,680
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
26,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
143,008
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4,505
0
5,550
0
Other
On-site Land
Releases
Pounds
0
0
29
211,237
0
6,306
45,693
0
5
0
0
63,654
176,010
0
S2.709
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
4,442
0
0
0
0
0
0
16,032
0
0
250
2,000
0
0
414,152
192
48
353
10
0
0
0
0
8
0
0
0
21,798
16
17,590
5,575
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
243
505
171
264,005
0
14,663
70,601
4,684
21,697
755
2,844
2,378,943
42,437,032
31
19,759349
362,000
0
5
0
3,835
6,497
15,618
7,906,359
370
255
0
0
4,830
811
17,791
0
497
6,801
5,674
1
30,851
126,337,360
7,525
13,714
45,666
35,301
0
589
1
25
1,808
0
1
158,446
8,796,037
339,582
21,297,138
699,287
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
1,200
0
784
61,491
0
21,736
10,132
54,457
133,449
0
121,595
504,474
3,251,349
0
1,380,947
0
0
0
0
0
19
7
22,071
2,030
0
0
0
0
4,930
250
0
1,167
2,590
94,436
0
34,013
1,022,535
3,586
897
33,029
1,401
0
16,509
0
0
t 0
0
0
4,487
34,031
85
76,327
180
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
1,443
505
955
325,496
0
36399
80,733
59,141
155,146
755
124,439
2,883,417
45,688,381
31
21,140,296
362,000
0
5
0
3,835
6,516
15,625
7,928,430
2,400
2S5
0
0
4,830
5,741
18,041
0
1,664
9,391
100,110
1
64,864
127,359,895
11,111
14,611
78,695
36,702
0
17,098
1
25
1,808
0
1
162,933
8,830,068
339,667
21373,465
699,467
Note, Oit-slte Rclwses from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R
*P«ticIdc
82
-------
Chapter 2 — 1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-21B. TRI Other On-site Waste Management and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, by Chemical, 1996,
Continued
I
Chemical
Saccharin (manufacturing)
Safrole
Selenium
Seleamm compounds
Sethoxydim
Silvia-
Silver compounds
Simazine
Sodium azide
Sodium dicamba
Sodium dimethyMitluo-
carbatnate
Sodium aitnte
Styrene
Sryrene oxide
Sulfimc acid
SuMuiyl fluonde
Sulprofbs
Tebuthiurofl
Temephos
Terbaeil
1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroetiiane
1,1,2,2-Tetrachlorosfhane
Tetrachloroefliylene
TetracHorvinphos
Tetraeyelme liydrochlonde
Tetrai&etbnn
Thallium compounds
Tmabendazole
Tmobencarb
Thiodiearb
Ttaophanate ethyl
Thiophanate-Meihyl
Thiourea
Thifam
Thormm dioxide
Titanium tetrachloride
Toluene
Toluene-2,4~dnsocyanate
Tolijetie-2,6-dHsocyanste
ToluenedusQcyasate
(mixed isomers)
o-Toliitdine
Tnadwnefon
Tnallate
Tnbemiron methyl
Tnbutyltai methacrylate
S,S,S-Tiitatylmthiophosphate
Tncblorfbn
Tnchloroacetyl chloride
1,2,4-Tnchlorobenzene
1,1,1-Tnchloroethane
1,1,2-Tnchloroethane
Tnchloroethylene
Tnchlorofluoromethane
(CFC-11)
Energy
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
0
0
0
601,563
0
541,588
638,500
0
91,031
0
200
213,726
19,962,598
0
798,641,136
0
0
1
0
0
2,500,000
4,808,000
46,710,867
615
0
0
0
0
380
S7.100
0
9,400
4,665
20,051
22,000
0
968,269,305
547
137
12,100
58
0
1,107
0
0
0
0
0
1,250,136
39,529,212
23,529,000
118,520,604
168,213
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
21,544,063
35337
3,600
0
0
0
0
0
0
924,000
2,647,705
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
187,671,839
0
0
16,337,483
231,376
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
44,674
860,823
16,834,508
2,050,829
0
Treated
On-site
Pounds
12,000
4
29
0
0
26,366
3,967,716
32,000
78,892
0
400,906
6,975,746
15,021,756
0
389,473,985
0
0
1,000
0
2,983
2,836,903
11,024,249
20,674,831
1,020
0
0
0
5,700
0
41,632
0
0
664
40
0
26,706,771
395,302,542
1,107
150
5,054,902
144,487
0
11,000
0
160
33,373
0
0
598,429
1,184,611
20,388,250
5,358,265
5,000
Total
On-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
12,000
4
29
601,563
0
567,954
4,606,216
32,000
169,923
0
401,105
7,189,472
56,528,417
35337
1,188,118,721
0
0
1,001
0
2,983
5,336,903
16,756,249
70,033,403
1,635
0
0
0
5,700
380
98,732
0
9,400
5,329
20,091
22,000
26,706,771
1,551,243,686
1,654
287
21,404,485
375,921
0
12,107
0
160
33,373
0
0
1,893,239
41,574,646
60,751,758
125,929,698
173,213
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
0
0
0
133,241
0
1,647,173
1,408,111
0
1,603,236
0
1,780,555
32,816
1,154,843
0
6,025,376
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,380,211
5,822,463
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
45,604
0
136,039
22,885,031
2,656
7,081
1,500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4,335
1,441,519
13,086,925
6,669,733
125,002
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
0
0
755
4,700
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
7,704,571
861
75
0
0
0
0
0
140,000
0
530,548
44,900
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
256
0
1
79,191,567
24,143
3,065
35,005
79,475
0
0
0
208
0
0
0
68,544
338,734
305,329
761,582
184,710
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
0
0
12,119
32,979
0
3,481
32,081
250
2,216,294
0
372,577
578,847
2,798,362
0
4,216,967
0
0
937
0
7,547
237,704
248,014
1,440,050
3,885
500
0
5
1,126
0
38,921
0
5,613
11,073
45,866
0
166,720
22,051,736
12,689
11,151
550,367
74,198
0
110,176
17,387
23,114
116
0
0
229,460
1,023,362
2,823,046
1,606,178
100,804
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
12
134
405
21
0
388
2,260
5
709
750
157,075
2,932,827
264,473
0
1,898308
0
0
0
0
0
0
90
1,847
0
250
0
0
140
0
5
0
0
254
566
2,200
0
599,828
0
0
0
22,698
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
21,618
10,318
745
86,392
5
Other
Off-site
Transfer
Pounds
0
0
0
8,464
0
7
250
0
0
0
0
17,002
900
0
45
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
60,979
0
0
300
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
78,622
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
> mcnt
Pounds
12
134
13,279
179,405
0
J,651,049
1,442,702
255
3,820,239
750
2,310,207
3,561,493
11,923,149
861
12,140,771
0
0
937
0
7,547
377,704
2,628,315
7,794,908
48,785
750
0
5
1,266
0
38,926
0
5,613
11,327
92,292
2,200
302,760
124,789,141
39,488
21,297
587,172
176,371
0
110,176
17387
23,322
116
0
0
323,957
2,813,933
16,216,045
9,123,885
489,143
Total
ProductiOH-
related
Waste
Pounds
13,512
234
14,099
1,100,414
0
1,391,508
5,976,018
89,271
4,152,824
528
2,832,939
13,695,779
113,542,563
36,230
1,220,*523,04S
362,000
0
2,002
0
14,365
5,721,626
19,400,145
85,970,037
52,662
450
0
10
11,766
5,444
136,033
0
16,646
31,767
170,352
24,200
27,074,252
1,816,226,231
46,410
42,840
22,020,829
619,345
0
140,290
17,388
23,516
35,097
0
1
2374,399
52,924,903
77,283,995
156,902,484
1,335,587
Note On-site Waste Management from Section and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Seohon 6 (excluding off-site transfers to disposal)
of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported wiihout valid waste management codes Production-related Waste from Section 8 of Form R(total excludes
remedial and catastrophic quantities)
83
-------
Chapter 2—1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-21A. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1996, Continued
On-srfe Releases '
CAS
Number Chemical
S3 -06-2 2,4,6-TWeMoroptiaiol
v&*l§*4 l|2>3-'Ti*ciu0ilop(l0p3Ji&
$72 1349-1 * Tnotopyr ftkthylammonium
ak
121-444 TncUiybminc
l$S24»-S*Tnflu«lm
242»3 ^Xyfcne
t33«-20«7* JCylcne {nixed homers)
S742-7 1,6-XyiUiM
W40.«44*2ti«(fijin!! of dost)
— 2tae compemids
1JWI47-7 Zta*
— • Mwtaret and ottor fade
~ Tredciccrttj
Towl
Fuglilve or
VanpcIntAir
Etolsilons
Pounds
136
8,068
0
387,504
11,153
0
2,752,443
0
S
496
452
0
829,617
240
272,926
82,672
450,550
680,963
839,254
20,296,828
0
633,707
2327,688
0
17,641
500
355,271,752
Air
Stick or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
155
695
6
1,144,303
4,453
0
4,667,587
0
S
12,042
1,249
0
3,010,281
5,600
746,882
94,525
525,195
550,970
1,997,026
62388,723
53
1,001365
3,506,502
0
14,424
255
1,0»6,818,2IO
On-sitc Land Releases
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
28
0
0
21,648
87
0
9,570
0
0
0
4
0
2393
0
3S6
216
635
2,503
477
39,902
0
12,062
1,065,164
0
1,030
0
173,288,209
Underground Injection
Clan I
Wells
Pounds
0
a
0
287,951
0
0
2,697
0
0
0
0
0
300,768
0
333
0
45,239
4,760
1,010
130351
0
0
129,498
0
0
0
203,572,710
Class n-V
Welb
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,620
0
0
0
0
0
0
756,399
RCBA
Subtitle C
Landfills
Pounds
0
0
0
0
310
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
5
S
10,465
0
21,721
14,985,107
0
0
0
26,454,969
Other
On-sitc Land
Releases
Pouisds
0
0
0
19,011
0
0
29,942
0
0
0
16
0
2,834
0
1
1
93,127
88,871
88,799
48,486
0
6,778,165
79,857,092
0
27,618
0
282,608,237
Total
On-srte
Releases
Pounds
319
8,763
6
1,860,417
16,003
0
7,462,244
0
10
12,538
1,721
0
4,145,g»
5,840
1,020,498
177,414
1,114,996
1,328,072
2,926,571
82,917,375
53
8,447,020
101,871,051
0
60,713
755
2,138,770,486
Off-site
He-leases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
0
0
0
21^34
51,678
0
135,485
0
250
3,675
38,641
0
27,065
0
19,614
33
3,275
4,611
1,114
4»,478
0
2,477,827
105,122,823
0
16,780
0
294,736,096
Total
On- and
Off-site
Rdeises
Pounds
319
8,763
6
1,881,951
67,681
0
7,597,729
0
260
16,213
40.S62
0
4,172,958
5,840
1,040,112
177,447
1,1 18,271
1,332,683
2,927,685
83,416,853
53
10,924,847
206,993,874
0
77,493
7SS
2,433,506,582
Note; On-sitc Releases front Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R.
84
-------
Chapter 2 — 1996 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 2-21B. TRI Other On-site Waste Management and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, by Chemical, 1996,
Continued
Chemical
2,4,6-TncMorophenol
1,2,3-Tnehtoropropane
Trtelopyr tnethyiammoaiam
salt
Tnethylamme
Tnflurata
Trifonne
1,2,4-Tnmethylbenzene
THpfaenyltin chloride
Tnphenyltin hydroxide
Uretflane
Vanadium (feme or dust)
Vinclozohn
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chlonde
m-Xylene
o-Xylene
p-Xylene
Xyleae (mixed isomers)
2,6-Xyhdine
Zinc (fume or dust)
Zinc compounds
Zineb
Mixtures and other trade
name products
Trade secrets
Energy
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
0
6,100,000
0
227,485
71,149
0
11,081,130
0
0
0
233,249
0
651,835
0
144,257,010
1,540,000
1,413,683
90,138
195330
110,754,065
0
25,204,044
84,991,928
0
0
0
Total 7,842,595,142
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
0
690,000
0
262,294
0
0
5,247,136
0
0
0
282
0
13,459,144
0
34,902,139
81,000
130,969
14,825,694
521,427
146,026,399
36,684
0
102,429
0
0
0
2,761,739,445
Treated
On-site
Pounds
1,020,923
1,050,000
8
2,439,524
13,000
0
153,658,796
1,400
5 1328
0
2,205
0
19,970,650
39
34,549,160
5,944,435
159,029,986
96,322,096
73,929,099
81,266,575
0
2,192,517
3,458,463
0
34,000
0
7,139,361,921
Total
On-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
1,020,923
7,840,000
8
2,929,303
84,149
0
169,987,062
1,400
51328
0
235,736
0
34,081,629
39
213,708,309
7,563,435
160,574,638
111,237,928
74,645,856
338,047,039
36,684
27,396,561
88,552,820
0
34,000
0
17,744,196,508
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
0
0
0
484,476
0
0
1,052,594
0
0
0
3,236
0
47,199
0
108,475
26
44,221
192,724
4,462
43,676,875
0
63,284,353
235,687,595
0
538,881
0
2,150,593,994
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
0
0
0
404,756
0
0
3,371,314
0
0
0
0
0
11,097,329
0
17,000
45,180
56,722
781,724
21,639
68,512,589
0
48,635
323,618
0
1,000
0
477,056,570
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
0
9,000,006
82
476,847
111,790
0
281,757
0
255
175
1,705
0
1,949,118
0
57,390
36,107
101,754
509,146
115,168
7,986,520
0
7,925,233
35,124,148
0
0
750
290,096,828
Transfers
toPOTWs
Pounds
0
0
0
270,296
5
0
331,065
0
0
0
200
0
144,887
0
734
90
7,046
424,692
2,325
487,905
0
18,590
410,791
0
11,900
2379
235,813,508
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8,100
0
0
8,590
0
47,444
23,997
0
2,618
0
3306380
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
0
9,000,006
82
1,636375
111,795
0
5,036,730
0
255
175
5,141
0
13,238,533
0
183,599
81,403
217,843
1,908,286
143,594
120,672,479
0
71,324,255
271,570,149
0
554,399
3,129
3,156,867,280
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
1,021,242
16,848,666
96
6,624,992
286,572
0
182,627,439
1,400
52,013
15,642
279,958
0
52,673,663
5,839
214,928,242
7,919,564
161,921,893,
114,697,510
77,696,140
561,418,451
36,737
110,397,651
563,263,361
0
685,593
2,630
23,416,340,713
Note
of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes. Production-related Waste from Section 8 of Form R {total excludes
remedial and catastrophic quantities}.
85
-------
Chapter 2— 199S TRl Releases and Transfers
86
-------
Chapter 3
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96
Year-fo-Year Comparison of
Toxics Release Inventory Data
This chapter compares TRI data for on- and off-site
releases, on-site waste management, and transfers off-
site for further waste management for the current and
most recent year (1996 and 1995) and for recent years
and the TRI baseline reporting year (1994-1996 and
1988), However, not all data were collected in 1988.
This chapter therefore also looks at waste management
data for recent years and the year that TRI began
collecting such information (1994-1996 and 1991).
The discussion of "core" chemical lists, in the
Introduction below, is important for accurate
interpretation of these year-to-year comparisons,
because of the important changes in TRI over time.
Introduction
Because TRI data are collected annually, they can
be used to measure the nation's progress in reduc-
ing toxic chemical releases and other wastes
managed by manufacturing facilities. This chapter
attempts to measure such progress on a national,
state, and chemical-specific basis. Industry-specific
analyses of year-to-year change in TRI reporting
appear in Chapters 4 through 10.
Tables in this chapter compare data for 1995 and
1996 to highlight recent changes in reporting.
These tables give the first two-year view of TRI
reporting since the addition of nearly 300
substances in reporting year 1995.
Other tables compare data for 1994 to 1996 with
the 1988 data to measure progress from the begin-
ning of the TRI. Although 1987 was the first year
for TRI reporting, 1988 has been chosen as the
baseline year for comparisons because of concerns
about the data quality of industry's submissions in
the first year. In most sections of this chapter, the
recent two-year data (1995-1996) are presented
first, followed in a comparable table by the multi-
year data (1988 and 1994-1996).
For the waste management activities, progress can
be measured from 1991, when such data were
added to TRI. This section analyzes first actual
quantities for previous and current years (1991 and
1994-1996) followed by a comparison of facilities'
actual and projected data (1991,1995-1996, and
projections for 1997-1998).
Certain TRI reporting requirements have changed
since the inception of the program—not only the
addition of waste management data in 1991,, but
also the chemical expansion that nearly doubled the
87
-------
Ir.
Chapter 3 — Year-fo-Year Comparison of TRI Data
TRI chemical list beginning with 1995 reporting. It
is important to understand these and other changes
and consider their implications when comparing
TRI data across years.
"Core" Chemicals for
Year-to-Year Comparisons
EPA has the authority to add chemicals to the
reporting list if they meet the statutory toxicity
criteria and to delete chemicals from the list if EPA
determines that they do not to meet the toxicity
criteria. Since 1987, EPA has deleted a number of
chemicals from the list, added others, and modified
the reporting requirements for others. The largest
expansion has been the chemicals added for the
1995 reporting year, implementing Phase 1 of a
three-part expansion of TRI (see Chapter 1 for
additional information on TRI expansion).
Year-to-year comparisons must be based on a
consistent set of chemicals to assure that any changes in
releases or other waste management do not simply
reflect the addition, deletion, or change in definition of
reportable chemicals from one year to another. Data in
Ms chapter represent facility reporting only for the
'core" chemicals for the years being compared. The set
of "core" chemicals differs depending on which years
are represented in the tables.
1995-1996 Comparisons
Tables comparing data for 1995 and 1996 include
all chemicals currently reportable to TRI; there was
no change in TRI's chemical coverage between
these two years. Thus, these tables include the
nearly 300 chemicals added to TRI beginning with
reporting year 1995. Because the chemical list has
not changed, 1996 totals for on- and off-site
releases, other on-site waste management, and
transfers off-site for further waste management are
the same as the totals in Chapter 2.
Multi-Year Comparisons
Tables for 1988 to 1996 include only chemicals that
were reportable in all years from 1988 through
88
1996. These tables do not include, for example,
chemicals added in 1990,1991,1994, or 1995.
Also, for 1989, non-fibrous forms of aluminum
oxide were removed from the list. Because of this
modification, aluminum oxide is not included in
any year-to-year comparison that includes the
year 1988. As explained below, the reporting
definitions for ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and
sulfuric acid have changed, and they therefore are
also not included in these tables. These tables
summarize reporting for the 1988-1996 "core"
chemicals.
Similarly, tables that compare data for 1991 to
1996 do not include chemicals added in 1994 or
1995. These tables analyze TRI data for only the
chemicals that were on the TRI list, in the same
form, for all years 1991-1996.
Because of this normalization process, done to
assure accurate year-to-year comparisons, totals for
1996 in the multi-year tables differ from the 1996
totals in Chapter 2 and in the two-year tables in this
chapter.
None of the tables includes any chemical deleted
from the TRI list, regardless of the year it was
deleted.
TRI data are reported as absolute amounts each
year, not as changes in relation to production levels
or other factors, such as source reduction activity,
that might influence these amounts from year to year.
The chapters that present industry-specific analyses,
however, take a very basic look at changes in
production as they may relate to increases and
decreases in releases and other waste management
of TRI chemicals.
Reporting of Ammonia,
Hydrochloric Acid, and Sulfuric Acid
As described in Box 3-1, reporting requirements
for ammonia have changed. Also, ammonium
sulfate and ammonium nitrate are no longer
individually listed on TRI. The ammonia portion
of these chemicals, however, remains on the TRI
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-fo-Year Comparison of TR! Data
Box 3-1. An Explanation of the Modification to the Reporting Requirements for Aqueous Ammonia and the Delisting of
Ammonium Sulfate (Solution) and Ammonium Nitrate (Solution)
An Explanation of the Modification to the
Reporting Requirements for Aqueous Ammonia and the
Delisting of Ammonium Sulfate (Solution) and Ammonium Nitrate (Solution)
On June 30,1995, EPA finalized four actions in response to a petition to delete ammonium sulfate (solution) from the list of
toxic chemicals subject to reporting under EPCRA Section 313: (1) deleted the sulfate portion of ammonium sulfate
(solution) from the list of toxic chemicals and made the ammonia portion reportable under the ammonia listing, (2) required
that threshold and release determinations for aqueous ammonia be based on 10% of the total aqueous ammonia present in
aqueous solutions of ammonia, (3) modified the ammonia listing by adding this qualifier: "ammonia (includes anhydrous
ammonia and aqueous ammonia from water dissociable ammonium salts and other sources; 10% of total aqueous ammonia
is reportable under this listing)," and (4) removed the specific listing for ammonium nitrate (solution), although the
ammonia portion is still reportable under the ammonia listing and, as discussed below, ammonium nitrate is also reportable
under the nitrate compounds category. All actions were effective for the 1994 reporting year (reports due July 1,1995),
except for deletion of the specific listing for ammonium nitrate (solution), which became effective with the 1995 reporting
year.
In previous years, there was a great deal of coniusion as to what should be reported under the ammonia listing,
specifically over the sources of aqueous ammonia that must be included and how aqueous ammonia should be reported.
Modifying the ammonia listing by adding the above qualifier should result in more consistent and accurate reporting
under mis listing since it clarifies what is reportable. The requirement to report only 10% of total aqueous ammonia under
the ammonia listing takes into account the fact that one form of ammonia is relatively more toxic to aquatic organisms and
that under many environmental conditions this form makes up no more than 10% of total aqueous ammonia. The 10%
reporting limit for aqueous ammonia means that some facilities will no longer meet reporting thresholds and that the
pounds of aqueous ammonia reported as released and transferred from the facilities that do report may be lower. It is
important to remember that the 10% reporting limit only applies to aqueous ammonia; anhydrous ammonia is still 100%
reportable.
Although ammonium sulfate (solution) has been deleted from the list, the aqueous ammonia from this chemical is still
reportable under the ammonia listing. To determine the amount of aqueous ammonia from ammonium sulfate (solution) that
should be added to the aqueous ammonia totals, the amount of ammonium sulfate (solution) is multiplied by 0.026. This
represents 10% of the total aqueous ammonia present in ammonium sulfate (solution) since ammonia (as NHj) makes up
26% of ammonium sulfate.
\
The removal of the ammonium nitrate (solution) listing is reflected in this public data release. Like ammonium sulfate
(solution), the aqueous ammonia from ammonium nitrate (solution) is reportable under the ammonia listing To determine
the amount of aqueous ammonia from ammonium nitrate (solution) that should be added to the aqueous ammonia totals,
the amount of ammonium nitrate (solution) is multiplied by 0.021. This represents 10% of the total aqueous ammonia
present in ammonium nitrate (solution)* since ammonia (as NH3) makes up 21% of ammonium nitrate. In addition, ammonium
nitrate is also reportable under the nitrate compounds category, which was added for the 1995 reporting year. Although
this chemical is reportable under two listings, no double reporting of releases or transfers occurs since under the nitrate
compounds category only the weight of the nitrate ion is included in calculations of releases and transfers.
To determine the quantity of total aqueous ammonia released to surface water, land, or underground injection, data users
must multiply the reported quantity by 10. For example, to make use of the quantities reported for aqueous ammonia in any
analysis of releases to surface waters, the reported amounts must be converted to total aqueous ammonia values. This is
necessary in order to take into account site specific conditions of pH and temperature which determine the amount of total
ammonia that will be present in the more aquatically toxic form. To convert the reported aqueous ammonia values to total
ammonia, simply multiply amounts by 10.
89
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Box 3-2. An Explanation of the Modification to the Reporting Requirements for Hydrochloric and Sulfuric Acid
An Explanation of the Modification to the
Reporting Requirements for Hydrochloric and Sulfuric Acid
On June 30S1995, EPA finalized a modification to the listing for sulfuric acid, and on My 25,1996, EPA finalized the same
modification to the listing for hydrochloric acid. These two chemical listings were modified by the addition of the following
qualifier; "(acid aerosols including mists, vapors, gas, fog, and otter airborne forms of any particle size)." The modification
to sulfuric acid was effective for the 1994 reporting year and the modification to hydrochloric acid was effective for the
1995 reporting year. EPA made these modifications in response to petitions to delist the non-aerosol forms of these
chemicals. EPA determined that the non-aerosol forms did not meet the listing criteria of EPCRA Section 313 (d) and
therefore granted the petitions. These modifications mean that facilities are no longer required to report releases and
transfers of non-aerosol forms of sulfuric and hydrochloric acid under EPCRA Section 313.
These changes in the reporting requirements for sulfuric and hydrochloric acid are reflected in the large reductions in
reported amounts of these chemicals as compared to those in previous years' TRI Public Data Release reports. Most of
these reductions result from the fact that solutions of these chemicals that do not become airborne are exempt from
reporting. Thus there are large reductions in the amounts released, particularly quantities discharged to surface waters and
injected underground and in amounts reported for most types of transfers. Since airborne forms are still covered by these
listings, reported fugitive or nonpoint air emissions have not changed as much as other types of releases, and there has
been little change in the stack or point air emission totals. In addition to lower reported releases and transfers, some
facilities may no longer exceed reporting thresholds for the aerosol forms only and thus may not have to file a report.
list, and the nitrate ion portion of ammonium
nitrate is reportable under the newly added nitrate
compounds category (added as a category for the
1995 reporting year).
In addition, non-aerosol forms of hydrochloric acid
and sulfuric acid have been removed from the list,
hydrochloric acid with the 1995 reporting year and
sulfuric acid in 1994 (see Box 3-2). This means that
only airborne forms of these chemicals count towards
the reporting threshold and release calculations, and
releases of their non-aerosol forms are no longer
reportable. Because of this modification to the reporting
requirements, these chemicals are not included in multi-
year comparisons in this chapter (tables with data for
1988 or for 1991).
Threshold Changes
Facilities are required to report for a particular chemical
only if they meet the manufacture, process, or
otherwise use thresholds for that chemical. The
otherwise use threshold has remained 10,000
pounds since the inception of the program. How-
ever, the manufacture and process thresholds began
at 75,000 pounds for 1987, dropped to 50,000
pounds for 1988, and dropped again to 25,000
pounds for 1989 and thereafter. Due in part to these
declining thresholds, the number of facilities
reporting to TRI and the number of forms filed
increased from 1987 to 1988 and again from 1988
to 1989. These threshold changes may have
affected the TRI data between 1988 and 1989, but
would not affect data after 1989.
As explained in Chapter 1, facilities whose "total
annual reportable amount" for a reportable chemi-
cal does not exceed 500 pounds can submit certifi-
cation statements (Form As) instead of Form Rs (if
they do not manufacture, process, or otherwise use
more than 1 million pounds of the chemical). This
change became effective in reporting year 1995.
Form A certification statements identify the facility
and chemical, but do not supply any amounts of
releases or other waste management data. In prior
years, facilities were required to report such
amounts, and totals for 1988-1994 include their
submissions. Nearly 6,500 Form A certification
statements were submitted in 1995 and more than
7,200 in 1996—these do not provide releases or
other waste management amounts. Thus, some
90
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
portion of any decrease in reported amounts from
1994 or earlier years would be attributable to the
submission of these "certification" forms.
Underground Injection
and On-site Land Releases
In 1996, TRI began collecting data separately for
types of underground injection and for on-site land
releases to RCRA Subtitle C landfills. Instead of
reporting a total for underground injection in Form
R's Section 5, facilities began reporting amounts
injected into Class I wells separately from amounts
injected into underground wells of other classes
(II-V). RCRA Subtitle C landfills were separated out
from other types of on-site land releases that are
collected in Section 5. Because these releases were
not broken out until 1996, they cannot be analyzed
separately in the multi-year comparisons.
On- and Off-site Waste Management
As described in Chapter 2, the federal Pollution
Prevention Act of 1990 added to TRI the collection of
additional on- and off-site waste management data
(recycling, energy recovery, treatment, and releases).
Data collection began in 1991. In this 1996 TRI Public
Data Release, on-site waste management—quantities
of on-site recycling, energy recovery, and treatment—
is presented in the summary tables. (Details of this new
approach to data presentation appear in Chapter 1.)
Because these data were not collected until 1991,
comparisons cannot be drawn with 1988 data. Analysis
of the full waste management data, on- and off-site,
appear in tables that compare 1991 and 1994-1996
data.
New Types of Off-site Transfers
Beginning with the 1991 reporting year, facilities were
required to report transfers off-site for the purposes of
recycling and energy recovery to TRI. Prior to 1991,
facilities were required to report only transfers to
POTWs and other off-site locations for the purposes of
treatment and disposal. Because of this change in the
reporting requirements, transfers off-site for further
waste management for 1988 are not comparable to
such transfers for 1991 and beyond. Comparisons
between 1988 and 1996 transfers in this chapter
include only those transfer types that were report-
able in 1988. Comparisons for 1991 to 1996 and for
1995 to 1996 include all transfer types reportable
for 1991 and beyond.
Reasons for Change
Box 3-3 provides reasons that a facility's reported
amounts may change from one year to another.
Explanations for changes in reporting amounts include
actual source reduction projects undertaken to reduce
a facility's generation of waste of a particular chemical,
increases or decreases in production levels, changes in
a facility's methods of estimating or calculating
reportable amounts (which does not indicate a
corresponding change in actual releases and waste
management), reporting errors in previous years for
which the facility has not filed a revised submission, and
others.
Apparent increases and decreases among industries can
also result when facilities change the SIC codes they
report from one year to another, reflecting new or
discontinued facility operations or indicating a different
understanding of how SIC codes relate to the facility's
business. This can occur among two-, three-, or four-
digit SIC codes.
TRI Data for 1995-1996
and for 1988,1994-1996
National Overview
On- and Off-site Releases
Reported releases of toxic chemicals to the environ-
ment, on- and off-site, decreased by 97.3 million
pounds from 1995 to 1996, from 2.53 billion pounds
to 2.43 billion pounds (see Table 3-1). This represents
a decline of 3.8%. The greatest reduction occurred
in reported air emissions (115.3 million pounds, or
91
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B
^
W> Chapter 3 — Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
_ II. •
Box 3-3. Reasons Facility Release and Other Waste Management Estimates Change
Reasons Facility Release and Other Waste Management Estimates Change
Some reported increases and decreases are real—that is, they reflect changes in the amounts of TRI chemicals actually
released or otherwise managed in waste. Other reported increases and decreases are accounting or "paper" changes that
do not reflect any actual change in releases or other waste management Some examples follow.
Real Changes
Source reduction activities, such as process changes, elimination of spills and leaks, inventory control, improved
maintenance, chemical substitution, and alternative methods of cleaning and degreasmg can cause real reductions in the
amount of waste generated and or managed.
The installation of pollution control equipment does not reduce the amount of waste generated, but may lead to real
reductions in TRI chemicals released. However, if the pollution control does not destroy the reported chemical, it may
merely shift waste from one type of waste management to another.
Production changes can cause real changes in the quantities of TRI chemicals released or otherwise managed as waste by
facilities. Production-related waste is likely to increase when production increases and decrease when production
decreases, although the relationship is not necessarily linear.
One-time events unrelated to normal production processes, such as accidental releases or clean-up operations, can cause a
real but anomalous increase in the reporting year in which they occur and then a decrease from that abnormally high level
the following year.
"Paper" Changes
Changes in estimation or calculation techniques can cause a change in the amount reported without a corresponding
change in actual quantities released or otherwise managed as waste.
Clarifications of reporting instructions or changes in the way a facility interprets those instructions may cause a change in
reported amounts without an actual change in quantities released or otherwise managed as waste.
Changes in the reporting definition of a particular chemical may cause a change in the reported amounts without an actual
change in quantities released or otherwise managed as waste. For example, revising the definitions of sulfuric acid and
hydrochloric acid to include only aerosol forms, as discussed in Chapter 4, will result in lower reports of releases, when
non-aerosol forms are no longer reported.
Similarly, a facility's use of the alternate threshold may result in a reported decrease without an actual reduction m
releases if the facility begins to take advantage of an alternate manufacture, process, or otherwise use threshold of more
than 1 million pounds. Beginning in the 1995 reporting year, some facilities whose "total annual reportable amount" for a
reportable chemical does not exceed 500 pounds may use an alternate manufacture, process or otherwise use threshold of
more than 1 million pounds of the chemical. If they do not exceed this alternate threshold, they no longer need to report
amounts of releases or other waste management activities.
Apparent increases or decreases can occur if a facility makes a reporting error one year and does not submit a revision for
that year, but does not repeat the error the following year.
92
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Chapter 3 — Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-1. Comparison of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, Other On-site Waste Management, and Transfers
Off-site for Further Waste Management, 1995-1996
Total Facilities
Total Forms
FormRs
Form As
On-site Releases
Total Air Emissions
Fugitive Air
Point Source Air
Surface Water Discharges
Underground Injection
On-site Land Releases
Total On-site Releases
Off-site Releases
Transfers Off-site to Disposal
Total On- and Off-site Releases
Other Qn-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Total Other On-site Waste Management
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management
Transfers to Recycling
Transfers to Energy Recovery
Transfers to Treatment
Transfers to POTWs
Other Off-site Transfers
Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management
1995
Number
22,378
74,523
68,054
6,469
Pounds
1,567,430,307
388,749,847
1,178,680,460
159,768,195
240,175,124
282,979,493
2,250,353,119
280,432,818
2,530,785,937
11,530,185,859
2,837,073,887
7,116^84,251
21,483,643,997
2,237,556,735
517,241,590
286,937,220
245,373,576
2,394,496
3,289,503,617
1996
Number
21,626
71,381
64,147
7,234
Pounds
1,452,089,962
355,271,752
1,096,818,210
173,288,209
204,329,109
309,063,206
2,138,770,486
294,736,096
2,433,506,582
7,842,595,142
2,761,739,445
7,139,861,921
17,744,196,508
2,150,593,994
477,056,570
290,096,828
235,813,508
3,306,380
3,156,867,280
Change
Number
-752
-3,142
-3,907
765
Pounds
-115,340,345
-33,478,095
-81,862,250
13,520,014
-35,846,015
26,083,713
-111,582,633
14,303,278
-97,279,355
-3,687,590,717
-75,334,442
23,477,670
-3,739,447,489
-86,962,741
-40,185,020
3,159,608
-9,560,068
911,884
-132,636,337
1995-1996
Percent
-3.4
-42
-5,7
11,8
Percent
-7.4
-8,6
-6.9
8.5
-14.9
9.2
-50
5.1
-3.8
-32.0
-27
0,3
-174
-39
-7.8
1.1
-3.9
38.1
-4.0
Note" Oil-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R Off-site Releases ftom Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Other On-site Waste Management
from Section 8 of Form R. Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management front Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R
Breakdown of Underground Injection and On-site Land Releases not required in 1995 Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste
management code.
93
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Chapter 3 — Year-to-year Comparison of TR1 Data
a 7.4% decrease). Injection of TRI chemicals into
underground wells decreased 35.8 million pounds,
or 14.9%. Other release categories all showed
increases for the two-year period: Discharges to
surface water increased 13.5 million pounds (an
8.5% increase) and on-site releases to land
increased 26.1 million pounds (9.2%). Altogether,
on-site releases decreased 111.6 million pounds, or
5.0%, from 1995 to 1996. Off-site releases (trans-
fers off-site to disposal) increased 14.3 million
pounds, or 5.1%. Table 3-1 compares the 1996 TRI
data to the 1995 data.
From 1988 to 1996, on- and off-site releases of the
"core" chemicals reported to TRI in. all years decreased
by L53 billion pounds, a 45.6% decline. The largest
decrease occurred in air emissions (1.10 billion pounds,
or 49.8%). In percentage terms, surface water
discharges showed the largest decrease (72.6%, or
119.4 million pounds). On-site releases decreased
1.41 billion pounds from 1988 to!996, a 47.5%
decrease. Off-site releases (transfers to disposal)
decreased by 121.5 million pounds, or 31.4%.
Table 3-2 and Figure 3-1 compare the 1996 TRI data
to the 1988 data.
Other On-site Waste Management
From 1995 to 1996, on-site waste management
reported to TRI decreased 17.4%, or 3.74 billion
pounds, as shown in Table 3-1. By far the greatest part
of this decrease occurred in on-site recycling, a 32.0%
decrease, or 3.69 billion pounds in 1996. In 1995, on-
site recycling represented more than half (53.6%) of all
on-site waste management. In 1996, on-site recycling
was 44.2% of the total.
TRI did not collect on-site waste management data in
1988. As explained in Chapter 2, such data were
added to TRI in 1991. Table 3-2 presents on-site
recycling, energy recovery, and treatment data for
1994-1996. Total on-site waste management
decreased from 14.22 billion pounds in 1994 to 13.68
billion pounds in 1995, and increased again to
14.04 billion pounds in 1996.
Transfers Off-site for
Further Waste Management
Reported transfers of TRI chemicals to off-site
locations for further waste management decreased by
132.6 million pounds from 1995 to 1996 (see
Table 3-1). This represents a decrease of 4.0%.
Transfers to recycling decreased 87.0 million
pounds (3.9% decrease). Transfers to energy recov-
ery decreased 40.2 million pounds (7.8% decrease).
Also decreasing were transfers to POTWs, by 9.6
million pounds, or 3.9%. The two remaining cate-
gories showed increases: transfers to treatment by
3.2 million pounds (1.1%) and other off-site trans-
fers (those without valid waste management codes)
by 912,000 pounds (38.1%).
Because transfers to recycling and energy recovery
were not reportable in 1988, total transfers for 1996
cannot be compared to total transfers for 1988.
However, transfers to POTWs and other off-site
locations for the purposes of treatment have declined
37.5% since 1988 (see Table 3-2).
Facilities and Forms
The number of facilities reporting to TRI decreased
3.4% from 1995 to 1996, from 22,378 to 21,626 (see
Table 3-1). The number of individual chemical reports
dropped 4.2%, from 74,523 in 1995 to 71,381 in
1996. However, the number of facilities and forms for
1996 is likely to rise somewhat over time due to late
reporting and to resolution of outstanding data quality
problems that may have prevented data entry of some
submissions prior to the preparation of this report.
Form A certification statements, described above and
in Chapter 1, rose by 11.8% from 6,469 forms in
1995—the first year hi which facilities could submit
these certification statement forms—to 7,234 in 1996.
This may reflect both increasing awareness of the
reduced reporting option and more facilities meeting the
alternative threshold for one or more chemicals.
The total number of facilities and forms increased from
1988 to 1989, probably as a result of the changes in
reporting thresholds described earlier in this chapter,
but has steadily decreased since 1989,
94
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Chapters— Year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-2, Comparison of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, Other On-slte Waste Management, and
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, 1988 and 1994-1996
Total Facilities
Total Forms
Form Rs
Form As
On-site Releases
Total Air Emissions
Fugitive Air
Point Source Air
Surface Water Discharges
Underground Injection
On-site Land Releases
Total On-site Releases
Off-site Releases
Transfers Off-site to Disposal
Total On- and Off-site Releases
Other On-site Waste Management
Recycled (fa-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Total Other On-site Waste Management
1988
Number
20,436
62,711
62,711
—
Pounds
2,180,862,321
680,928,993
1,499,933,328
164,551,386
161,969,132
459,114,111
2,966,496,950
386,461,584
3,352,958,534
—
—
—
—
1994
Number
20,946
63,488
63,488
—
Pounds
1,280,285,817
351,433,000
928,852,817
39,794,843
114,135,765
289,341,251
1,723,557,676
259,228,230
1,982,785,906
6,518,368,024
3,138,177,326
4,566,261,474
14,222,806,824
1995
Number
20,356
61,885
56,693
5,192
Pounds
1,191,260,290
304,738,454
886,521,836
35,918,865
139,908,494
272,424,588
1,639,512,237
255,777,935
1,895,290,172
6,139,069,594
2,688,189,212
4,855,675,960
13,682,934,766
1996
Number
19,726
59,799
53,934
5,865
Pounds
1,095,413,106
276,183,228
819,229,878
45,144,135
118,222,387
299,979,550
1,558,759,178
265,005,866
1,823,765,044
6,209,509,900
2,585,785,910
5,246,425,791
14,041,721,601
Change 1988-1996
Number
-710
-2,912
—
—
Pounds
-1,085,449,215
-404,745,765
-680,703,450
-119,407,251
-43,746,745
-159,134,561
-1,407,737,772
-121,455,718
-1,529,193,490
_
—
—
—
Percent
-3 5
-46
—
—
Percent
-498
-594
-45 4
-726
-270
-34.7
-47.5
-31.4
^5.6
—
—
— •
—
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management
Transfers to Recycling
Transfers to Energy Recovery
Transfers to Treatment
Transfers to POTWs
Other Off-site Transfers
Total Transfers Off-site for
Further Waste Management
—
—
369,204,491
254,808,420
43,279,087
—
2,200,760,073
459,576,125
221,230,371
159,934,847
5,094,462
3,046,595,878
2,173,558,832
488,954,630
236,496,866
155,173,872
2,186,886
3,056,371,086
2,094,268,207
446,487,845
248,020,028
141,995,045
3,078,759
2,933,849,884
—
—
-121,184,463
-112,813,375
—
—
—
—
-328
-443
—
—
Note, Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfunc
acid On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Other On-site
Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers
off-site to disposal) of Form R Form A certification statement reporting began in 1995 reporting year Breakdown of Underground Injection and On-
site Land Releases began in 1996 reporting year Other On-sit* Waste Management began m 1991 reporting year For 1994-1996, Other Off-site
Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste management code For 1988, Othei Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste
management code or codes not required to be reported m 1988
95
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-fo-Year Comparison of TRI Data
4,000,000,000
3,500,000,000
3,000,000,000
M 2,500,000,000
1
• Transfers Off-site to Disposal
DOn-site Land Releases
B Underground Injection
• Surface Water
• Air
I
2,000,000,000
1,500,000,000
1,000,000,000
500,000,000
0
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 ' 1994 1995 1996
Figure 3-1. Distribution of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, 1988-1996
Note; Does not include delistcd chemicals, chemicals added in 1990,1991,1994 and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfunc acid On-site
Releases from Section 5 of Form R. Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R
TRI Data by State for
1995-1996 and for 1988,
1994-1996
On- and Off-site Releases
Table 3-3 compares the on- and off-site releases
reported by each state and territory for 1995-1996.
A total of 38 states and territories reported net
decreases in on- and off-site releases since 1995. The
largest decrease was in Texas, 34.5 million pounds less
in 1996 than in 1995 (an 11.4% reduction). Alabama
was the only other state with more than a 10-
million-pound decrease, with 11.6 million pounds
(10.2%). Other states ranking in the top five for
largest decreases were Illinois (8.6 million pounds,
or 7.4%), Michigan (7.2 million pounds, also
7.4%), and Tennessee (7.0 million pounds, or
6.4%). As discussed in Chapter 2, Texas also
ranked first for total on- and off-site releases in
1996.
Seventeen states reported increases in on- and off-
site releases from 1995 to 1996. They were led by
Arizona, with releases 11.9 million pounds greater in
96
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Chapters— Year-to-Year Comparison of TRIData
Table 3-3. Change in Total TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by State, 1995-1996
Total On- and Off-site Releases
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Guam
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon*
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
1995
Pounds
114,569,098
6,846,330
5,300.
36,029,888
36,666,519
53,371,343
4,904,183
11,142,254
4,581,541
56,965
87,437,629
59,899,944
3,100
656,692
14,119,613
116,268,362
109,379,172
37,563,633
28,799,951
44,970,126
176,511,587
11,099,820
18,089,205
9,647,728
97,347,294
24,266,126
59,125,820
61,155,067
43,930,146
15,036,555
3,901,466
2,613,251
16,640,661
18,628,936
42,167,744
90,688,050
2,932,908
151,612,974
29,935,400
24,114,188
127,359,536
10,013,489
3,245,230
58,422,453
2,053,238
110,921,772
301,959,443
78,423,116
672,785
1,493,257
54,688,060
29,192,714
32,014,064
42,573,080
11,037,131
2,530,785,937
1996
Pounds
102,922,534
6,908,783
10,500
47,964,210
34,032,075
50,082,638
5,711,491
8,185,179
3,660,020
9,460
80,957,682
58,831,731
3,000
540,267
15,152,687
107,663,656
108,988,034
33,308,409
26,576,384
47,366,863
184,537,787
9,351,265
13,098,751
9,977,171
90,158,602
20,970,579
54,846,362
59,794,580
48,477,642
13,022,778
3,766,636
2,468,237
18,076,905
19,963,709
35,654,003
85,174,574
2,325,120
145,139,835
26,421,809
29,735,693
122,423,185
8,548,778
2,601,984
56,668,160
5,196,074
103,874,399
267,440,786
82,889,834
462,849
1,506,139
56,092,193
28,439,371
28,837,730
47,023,091
9,664,368
2,433,506,582
Change
Pounds
-11,646,564
62,453
5,200
11,934,322
-2,634,444
-3,288,705
807,308
-2,957,075
-921,521
-47,505
-6,479,947
-1,068,213
-100
-116,425
1,033,074
-8,604,706
-391,138
-4,255,224
-2,223,567
2,396,737
8,026,200
-1,748,555
-4,990,454
329,443
-7,188,692
-3,295,547
-4,279,458
-1,360,487
4,547,496
-2,013,777
-134,830
-145,014
1,436,244
1,334,773
-6,513,741
-5,513,476
-607,788
-6,473,139
-3,513,591
5,621,505
-4,936,351
-1,464,711
-643,246
-1,754,293
3,142,836
-7,047,373
-34,518,657
4,466,718
-209,936
12,882
1,404,133
-753,343
-3,176,334
4,450,011
-1,372,763
-97,279,355
1995-1996
Percent
-10 2
0 9
98.1
33 1
-7.2
-62
16.5
-265
-20 1
-83.4
-74
-1.8
-3 2
-17 7
7.3
-74
-04
-113
-7 7
5.3
4 5
-15 8
-27.6
3.4
-7.4
-136
-7 2
-2.2
104
-13 4
-3 5
-5.5
8 6
7 2
-15 4
-6.1
-20 7
-4.3
-11 7
23 3
-3 9
-146
-19.8
-3 0
153 1
-64
-11 4
5 7
-31.2
0 9
26
-2.6
-99
105
-12.4
-3 8
Note On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R
* One facility in Oregon reported 6,211,171 pounds cif fugitive air emissions in error fer 1996, the correct amount is 750 pounds The change for
Oregon should be a decrease of 902,800 pounds or -3 7%
97
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Chapter 3— Fear-to-Year Comparison of TRl Data
1996 than in 1995, an increase of one third
(33.1%). Louisiana had the second largest increase,
8.0 million pounds (4.5% increase).
Since 1988,48 states and territories have reported
decreasing on- and off-site releases of the 1988-
1996 "core" chemicals. Table 3-4 presents on- and
off-site releases for and territories for 1988
and 1994-1996.
Texas had the largest decrease in releases for 1988-
1996, reporting 131.1 million pounds less in 1996 than
in 1988 (a41.2% reduction). Louisiana was second
with a decrease of 121.1 million pounds (48.3%).
Indiana ranked third (93.1 million pounds, a 50.5%
decrease) and Ohio fourth (86.9 million pounds, or
43.0%). In fifth place, California had a decrease of
78.3 million pounds (71.7%).
States with increases for 198 8 to 1996 were led by
Montana, with an 11.6-million-pound increase, or
32.5%, and Idaho, with a 3.4-million-pound increase,
or 46.3%.
One facility in American Samoareported during this
time period, but only for ammonia, which is excluded
from 1988-1996 comparisons because of changes in
the reporting definition, as described above. No reports
were received from the Northern Mariana Islands for
any year 1988-1996.
TRI Data by Chemical for
1995-1996 and for 1988,
1994-1996
From 1995 to 1996, the chemical with the largest
decrease (in pounds) in on- and off-site releases was
toluene, with 147.3 million pounds in 1995 and
127.4 million pounds in 1996. This 20.0-rnillion-pound
decrease represents a percentage change of 13.6%.
The second-largest reported decrease occurred for
1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA), an ozone depleter,
98
which decreased from 23.3 million pounds to
8.8 million pounds, or 62.0%. Production of TCA
was banned effective January 1, 1996, along with
many other ozone depleters.
Ranking third for 1995-1996 decreases was xylene,
decreasing from 97.8 million pounds to 83.4 mil-
lion pounds, or 14.7%. Hydrochloric acid was
fourth, with 79.6 million pounds in 1995 and
65.6 million pounds in 1996, a reduction of 17.5%.
(This represents reporting under a consistent report-
ing definition for hydrochloric acid, revised with
the 1995 reporting year as detailed above.) Metha-
nol, the chemical with the largest TRI releases, was
fifth for decreases, from 255.1 million pounds in
1995 to 241.4 million pounds in 1996, a 5.4%
decrease.
From 1995 to 1996, one chemical increased by
more than 10 million pounds in on- and off-site
releases. Zinc compounds ranked first with
188.8 million pounds of releases in 1995 and
207.0 million pounds in 1996. This represented an
increase of 18.2 million pounds, or 9.6%. Manga-
nese was reported as increasing by more than 10
million pounds; 19.8 million pounds to 31.2 million
pounds, a difference of 11.4 million pounds or a
57.8% increase, but this includes a large error.'
Two chemicals had net increases of more than
6 million pounds: Copper, with a 6.3-million-
pound increase (or 38.2%) and copper compounds,
also a 6.3-million-pound increase (or 12.4%).
At the end of this chapter, Table 3-9 presents TRI data
for all chemicals that were reportable (in the same
form) for 1988 through 1996 and for which reports
were received in at least one year.
From 1988 to 1996, reporting of on- and off-site
releases for three chemicals decreased by more than
100 million pounds. Toluene had the largest reduction,
as it did for 1995-1996. Reporting of toluene
1 One facility reported 6 2 million pouods fugitive air emissions of
manganese m error. Therefore, the 1996 figure for manganese
should be 5.2 million pounds.
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-4. Change in Total TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by State, 1988 and 1994-1996
Total On- and Off-site Releases
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Guam
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon *
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
1988
Pounds
109,689,614
3,714,569
0
66,236,322
41,078,310
109,318,413
15,736,129
37,799,558
8,635,152
500
61,526,840
' 86,766,834
0
847,805
7,348,539
134,593,529
184,554,149
43,027,871
30,301,296
66,443,750
250,845,496
15,355,970
20,037,261
31,878,653
132,693,208
55,947,771
59,600,174
90,703,961
35,629,903
16,935,710
2,352,366
13,865,650
45,018,440
30,386,119
99,656,137
132,027,139
1,195,389
202,151,571
32,894,841
21,562,415
134,852,351
12,828,707
7,712,568
66,070,190
2,393,242
126,484,405
318,631,665
123,835,686
1,734,453
2,592,912
112,328,804
28,273,090
39,415,713
60,706,773
16,740,621
3,352,958,534
1994
Pounds
96,649,203
1,095,396
0
30,774,930
29,329,078
42,361,649
4,080,707
11,219,092
4,096,180
55,560
71,434,211
43,827,310
0
531,471
9,148,741
89,071,039
82,653,253
22,728,352
17,408,245
32,512,132
114,823,665
6,879,400
11,450,775
9,950,179
103,054,956
20,825,514
42,834,108
56,771,910
46,459,564
13,734,915
3,208,708
2,394,720
14,024,665
17,230,438
37,901,900
80,752,697
987,938
116,095,889
15,344,174
18,011,164
95,109,558
9,693,032
6,789,350
47,639,871
2,108,149
104,914,555
199,765,449
67,175,197
631,876
1,516,211
43,828,869
20,770,473
20,852,490
39,396,974
880,024
1,982,785,906
1995
Pounds
100,495,399
2,164,144
0
33,875,255
24,494,563
36,146,068
3,489,143
8,643,867
2,902,307
56,965
52,110,580
39,791,760
3,100
562,284
10,081,185
82,881,648
88,801,423
21,124,247
17,611,936
30,569,980
122,286,440
6,593,629
11,857,911
8,351,331
85,889,256
18,338,087
39,671,257
50,552,453
42,643,724
11,171,399
3,368,990
1,939,853
12,399,476
17,945,764
30,361,469
72,492,552
1,206,622
122,236,396
15,995,029
18,448,805
95,914,412
8,840,075
3,017,334
48,112,037
1,871,676
94,684,331
205,724,168
69,143,942
543,553
1,235,660
40,612,569
22,336,381
19,678,685
32,874,642
1,144,410
1,895,290,172
1996
Pounds
89,468,520
1,683,698
0
46,258,274
22,915,254
30,988,706
3,690,197
6,387,666
1,986,174
9,460
46,914,430
38,467,754
3,000
448,355
10,752,902
76,549,404
91,418,953
17,499,568
17,569,997
30,940,570
129,789,110
5,273,360
9,380,959
8,951,366
78,425,842
15,846,403
39,321,344
49,769,859
47,204,182
8,880,693
3,294,005
1,749,609
10,644,699
18,339,076
26,028,249
67,973,108
772,995
115,227,944
15,215,680
24,647,444
90,528,698
7,467,738
2,452,269
47,373,602
1,364,448
88,190,525
187,485,411
73,876,112
293,732
1,232,271
40,555,452
21,889,503
17,444,543
31,565,607
1,356,324
1,823,765,044
Change
Pounds
-20,221,094
-2,030,871
0
-19,978,048
-18,163,056
-78,329,707
-12,045,932
-31,411,892
-6,648,978
8,960
-14,612,410
-48,299,080
3,000
-399,450
3,404,363
-58,044,125
-93,135,196
-25,528,303
-12,731,299
-35,503,180
-121,056,386
-10,082,610
-10,656,302
-22,927,287
-54,267,366
-40,101,368
-20,278,830
-40,934,102
11,574,279
-8,055,017
941,639
-12,116,041
-34,373,741
-12,047,043
-73,627,888
-64,054,031
-422,394
-86,923,627
-17,679,161
3,085,029
-44,323,653
-5,360,969
-5,260,299
-18,696,588
-1,028,794
-38,293,880
, -131,146,254
-49,959,574
-1,440,721
-1,360,641
-71,773,352
-6,383,587
-21,971,170
-29,141,166
-15,384,297
-1,529,193,490
1988-1996
Percent
-18 4
-54,7
—
-30 2
-442
-71 7
-765
-83 1
-770
1,792 0
-23 7
-557
—
-47 1
46 3
-43 I
-50 5
-593
-420
-53 4
-48 3
-65 7
-53.2
-71 9
-40 9
-71 7
-340
-45 1
32 5
-47 6
40 0
-87.4
-764
-396
-739
-48 5
-35 3
-43.0
-537
14 3
-32 9
-41 8
-68 2
-28 3
-43 0
-30 3
-41 2
-40 3
-83 1
-525
-63 9
-22 6
-55 7
-48 0
-91 9
-45 6
Note Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfunc
acid On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R One facility in
* Oregon reported 6,211,171 pounds of fligitwe air emissions in error for 1996, the correct amount is 750 pounds The change for Oregon should be a
decrease of 3,125,392 pounds or -14 5%
99
-------
Chapters— Year-to-Year Comparison of TRIData
decreased from 311.3 million pounds in 1988 to
127.4 million pounds in 1996, a net decrease of
184.0 million pounds or 59.1%. Total releases of
1,1,1-trichloroethane were 187.1 million pounds in
1988, but decreased to 8.8 million pounds in 1996;
again, this reduction of 178.3 million pounds—or
95.3%—indicates the influence on TRI reporting of
U.S. actions to reduce ozone depletion. The third
chemical with a large decrease was phosphoric
acid, with 182.6 million pounds in 1988 and
63.2 million pounds in 1996. This was a reduction
of 119.4 million pounds, or 65.4%.
Another four chemicals had decreases in releases of
more than 80 million pounds: methanol (decrease
of 89.0 million pounds, or 26.9%), dichloro-
methane (87.0 million pounds, or 61.6%), methyl
ethyl ketone (86.7 million pounds, or 59.1%), and
xylene (82.9 million pounds, or 49.9%).
Chemicals with large increases from 1988 to 1996
in the amounts reported as released on- and off-site
were zinc compounds (189.2 million pounds in
1988 to 207.0 million pounds in 1996, an increase
of 9.4%) and copper compounds (42.5 million
pounds in 1988 to 57.2 million pounds in 1996, a
34.7% increase). These were the only chemicals
with increases of more than 10 million pounds.
Reporting of sryrene increased from 36.6 million
pounds to 45.7 million pounds, a 9.1-million-pound
increase, or 24.8%. Fourth was acetonitrile, for
which reporting increased from 19.4 million
pounds to 24.4 million pounds, an increase of 5.0
million pounds, or 25.9%. No other TRI chemical
had an increase of more than 5 million pounds.
33/50 Program Chemicals, 1988-1996
In 1991, EPA invited industry to participate in a
program of voluntary reductions focused on 17
priority TRI chemicals. The program set its goals at
a 33% reduction by 1992 and a 50% reduction by
1995 (from TRI's baseline year, 1988) in on-site
releases and transfers, as they were reported to TRI
at that time. (Off-site transfers to recycling and
energy recovery were not required to be reported.)
The 33/50 Program met its 50% goal in 1994, one
year early. Table 3-5 identifies the 17 chemicals
and shows that, from 1988 to 1996, on-site releases
and transfers off-site to treatment for these
chemicals decreased by 895.5 million pounds, or
59.9%. This includes a reduction in the last year,
1995 to 1996, of 71.7 million pounds, or 10.7% of
the 1995 level.
Table 3-6 compares the continued progress in
reductions of 33/50 chemicals to changes in
amounts reported for other TRI chemicals. From
1988 to 1996, reporting of on-site releases and
transfers off-site to treatment and disposal for all
TRI chemicals decreased 44.9%, from 4.02 billion
pounds to 2.22 billion pounds. For chemicals not
included in the 33/50 Program, the decrease was
36.0%, from 2.52 billion pounds to 1.62 billion
pounds. This compares to the reduction of 59.9% in
33/50 chemicals, from 1.50 billion pounds to 600.6
million pounds. Even more striking is the
comparison for 1995 to 1996, when TRI chemicals
not included in the 33/50 Program decreased by
less than 0.001% compared to the 10.7% reduction
reported in 33/50 chemicals.
Waste Management Data,
1991-1995
Quantities of TRI chemicals in production-related
waste increased from 18.65 billion pounds in 1991
to 19.01 billion pounds in 1996 for the "core"
chemicals that were reportable under the same
definitions in years 1991-1996. As shown in Table
3-7, reporting of production-related waste has
fluctuated. The 1.9% increase in production-related
waste from 1991 to 1996 incorporates both a
decrease (of 2.7%) from 1994 to 1995 and an
increase (of 1.3%) from 1995 to 1996.
The largest net change since 1991 has occurred in
reporting of on-site treatment, an increase of
918.9 million pounds, or 21.1%. The second largest
100
-------
Chapter 3 <— Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-5. Change in Total On- and Off-site Releases and Transfers Off-site to Treatment and Disposal of 33/50 Chemicals,
1988-1996
CAS
Number
108-88-3
71-55-6
95-47-6
78-93-3
75-09-2
79-01-6
127-18-4
71-43-2
108-10-1
Total On-site Releases and Transfers Off-site
Chemical
Toluene
1 , 1 , 1-Trichloroethane
Xylenes
Methyl ethyl ketone
Dichloromethane
Tnchloroethylene
Tetrachloro ethylene
Benzene
Methyl isobutyl ketone
367
200
212
171
155
62
42
36
1988
Pounds
,449,485
,865,732
,866,804
,843,934
,419,301
,584,822
,451,389
,801,410
44,964,661
• — • Chromium and chromium compounds 71
67-66-3
—
—
—
S6-23-5
—
—
Chloroform
Lead and lead compounds
Cyanides
Nickel and nickel compounds
Carbon tetrachlonde
Mercury and mercury compounds
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
29
60
11
19
5
1
1,496
,184,874
,803,069
,879,362
,990,259
,600,559
,278,709
316,652
,827,158
,128,180
1995
Pounds
168,931,
24,530,
119,377,
77,064,
71,011,
27,164,
11,918,
11,672,
23,989,
51,487,
12,713,
44,679,
9,650,
14,307,
1,196,
243,
2,378,
672,315,
167
557
865
996
461
039
276
344
593
808
113
210
382
515
040
370
046
782
1996
Pounds
150,072,438
9,863,748
98,446,738
65,519,012
68,661,243
23,066,035
9,370,327
10,307,367
20,642,019
49,562,167
11,968,700
54,922,854
8,167,147
16,201,856
2,006,120
58,524
1,772,128
600,608,423
to Treatment and Disposal
Change 1995-1996
Pounds Percent
-18,858,729
-14,666,809
-20,931,127
-11,545,984
-2,350,218
-4,098,004
-2,547,949
-1,364,977
-3,347,574
-1,925,641
-744(413
10,243,644
-1,483,235
1,894,341
810,080
-184,846
-605,918
-71,707,359
-112
-598
-175
-15 0
-3 3
-15 1
-21 4
-11 7
-140
-3 7
-59
229
-15 4
132
67 7
-76 0
-25 5
-10 7
Change 1988-1996
Pounds Percent
-217,377
-191,001
-1 14,420
-106,324
-86,758
-39,518
-33,081
-26,494
-24,322
-21,622
-17,834
-5,956
-3,823
-3,398
-3,272
-258
-55
-895,519
,047
,984
,066
,922
,058
,787
,062
,043
,642
,707
,369
,508
,112
,703
,589
,128
,030
,757
-592
-95 1
-53 8
-61 9
-55 8
-63 1
-779
-720
-54 1
-304
-598
-9.8
-31.9
-17 3
-62 0
-81 5
-30
-59 9
Note Does not include transfers off-site for recycling and energy recovery reported for 1995 and 1996
increase was in off-site recycling—419.7 million
pounds, or 23.9%. Smaller increases occurred in
on-site recycling (44.0 million pounds, or 0.7%)
and off-site energy recovery (41.0 million pounds,
or 9.2%). At the same time, the quantity released
on- and off-site decreased by 653.6 million pounds,
or 26.4%. Another large reported decrease occurred
in on-site energy recovery, a 353.5-million-pound
reduction, or 11.9%. The remaining decrease was
in off-site treatment, 52.9 million pounds, or
12.1%.
As discussed in Chapter 2, information required by
the Pollution Prevention Act (PPA) of 1990 can
help facilities and the public assess progress in
pollution prevention and in the management of TRI
chemicals in waste. The data can be used to analyze
trends in total quantities of TRI chemicals in waste
to see if facilities are reducing the amount of waste
generated. The data also can be used to examine
trends in the quantities of TRI chemicals under-
going each waste management method to see
whether facilities are making more environmentally
Table 3-6. Total On-site Releases and Transfers Off-site to
Treatment and Disposal of 33/50 Program Chemicals
Compared to Other TRI Chemicals, 1988,1990,1995, and
1996
Year
1988
1990
1995
1996
1988-1990
1990-1996
1995-1996
1988-1996
All TRI
Chemicals
(Excluding
Additions/
Deletions)
Pounds
4,020,250,532
3,428,644,482
2,289,147,796
2,216,858,876
Change
Percent
-147
-35.3
-32
-44.9
TM
Chemicals
Less 33/50
Chemicals
Pounds
2,524,122,352
2,163,382,571
1,616,832,014
1,616,250,453
Change
Percent
-14.3
-25.3
-00
-360
33/50
Chemicals
Only
Pounds
1,496,128,180
1,265,261,911
672,315,782
600,608,423
Change
Percent
-15.4
-52.5
-107
-599
Note Does not include transfers off-site for recycling and energy
recovery reported 1991-1996 Also excludes dehsted chemicals, chemicals
added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, and aluminum oxide, ammonia,
sulfunc acid and hydrochloric acid
101
-------
Ir.
Chapter 3 — Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
m
Table 3-7. Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, 1991 and 1994-1996,
Wistc Management Activity
Other Qn-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
Non-Production-related Waste
Waste Management Activity
Other On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Oft-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
Non-Produetion-related Waste
1991
Pounds
6,219,830,657
2,959,059,632
4,357,169,504
1,754,862,848
444,026,952
436,541,408
2,473,726,376
18,645,217,377
22,371,664
Change
1994-1995
Percent
-5.1
-14.2
6.4
0.7
3.0
6.8
-4.9
-2.7
-43.7
1994
Pounds
6,541,944,020
3,147,931,154
4,574,536,737
2,226,854,632
464,267,304
377,227,954
1,962,899,538
19,295,661,339
56,355,873
Change
1995-1996
Percent
0.9
-3.5
8.4
-3.0
1.4
-4.8
-2.5
1.3
-0.2
1995
Pounds
6,211,046,073
2,700,753,684
4,865,516,687
2,242,659,977
478,275,356
402,823,246
1,867,586,411
18,768,661,434
31,751,324
Change
1991-1996
Percent
0.7
-11.9
21.1
23.9
9.2
-12.1
-264
1.9
41.6
1996
Pounds
6,263,871,068
2,605,551,388
5,276,108,566
2,174,578,749
484,991,635
383,613,654
1,820,081,145
19,008,796,205
31,674,613
Note; Docs not include delistcd chemicals, chemicals added in 1994 and 1995, and ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulftinc acid
preferable choices as established in the waste
management hierarchy.
In terms of the waste management hierarchy, the
net increase of 363.6 million pounds in total pro-
duction-related waste since 1991 reflects a decrease
in quantities released, environmentally the least
preferred action. The largest increase, however,
occurred in on-site treatment, which is the next
least preferable option in the hierarchy. Large-scale
summary data cannot show whether these changes
represent actual shifts in facility management of
waste, but over time they can indicate whether
national patterns show improvement in. waste
management options. (As explained in Chapter 2,
facilities report each year the actual quantities for
the reporting year and the previous year and pro-
jected quantities for the two following years.)
Table 3-8, which shows actual and projected waste
management data, further explores these relation-
ships. Percentage distributions given in this table
show the increase in on-site treatment from 23.4%
of total production-related waste in 1991 to 27.8%
in 1996 and the decrease in quantities released from
13.3% of all reported production-related waste in
1991 to 9.6% in 1996. Facility projections indicate
that release quantities are expected to decrease to
8.7% of such waste by 1998. Projections for other
waste management categories show fluctuation, but
little further change overall hi the relative roles of
the waste management options.
102
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-8. Actual and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, 1991 and 1995-1998
Waste Management Activity
On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Off-site Waste management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
1991
Pounds
6,219,830,657
2,959,059,632
4,357,169,504
1,754,862,848
444,026,952
436,541,408
2,473,726,376
18,645,217,377
Percent
33.4
15.9
23.4
9.4
2.4
2.3
13.3
1000
1995
Pounds
6,211,046,073
2,700,753,684
4,865,516,687
2,242,659,977
478,275,356
402,823,246
1,867,586,411
18,768,661,434
Percent
33 1
14.4
25.9
119
2.5
21
100
1000
1996
Pounds
6,263,871,068
2,605,551,388
5,276,108,566
2,174,578,749
484,991,635
383,613,654
1,820,081,145
19,008,796,205
Percent
33.0
13.7
27.8
11.4
2.6
2.0
9.6
100.0
Note. Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994 and 1995, and ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfunc acid Data from Section 8 of Form R Data
for 1991 from!991 FormR, for 1995 from 1995 Form R, all other years from 1996 Form R
Table 3-8. Actual and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, 1991 and 1995-1998, Continued
Projected
Waste Management Activity
On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-slte
Treated On-site
Off-site Waste management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
1997
Pounds
7,155,963,093
2,686,966,274
5,260,874,521
2,086,134,370
440,389,476
379,327,939
1,763,884,928
19,773,540,601
Percent
362
13.6
26.6
106
22
19
8.9
100.0
1998
Pounds
6,531,059,116
2,677,802,762
5,409,055,538
2,114,848,177
437,650,271
374,810,122
1,670,541,743
19,215,767,729
Percent
34.0
13.9
28.1
110
23
20
87
1000
Note Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994 and 1995, and ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfime acid Data from Section 8 of
Form R Data for 1991 from 1991 Form R, for 1995 from 1995 Form R, all other years from 1996 Form R
As shown in Table 3-7, non-production related
waste (resulting from catastrophic incidents or
other one-time events) showed little change from
1995 to 1996, having decreased in 1995 for the
first time since PPA reporting began. In previous
years, non-production-related waste increased
annually, to 56.4 million pounds in 1994,
decreasing to 31.8 million pounds in 1995 and
31.7 million pounds in 1996. (Facilities do not
project non-production related waste, as these
events cannot reasonably be anticipated.)
Chemical-Specific Data
Table 3-9 presents information for all TRI chemi-
cals in the 1988-1995 "core" chemical list for
which reports have been received in at least one
year. On- and off-site releases, other on-site waste
management, transfers off-site for further waste
management, and total production-related waste are
given for each chemical. Pesticides are denoted
with an asterisk (*) in front of the chemical name.
103
-------
Chapters— Year-to-year Comparison ofTRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1988 and 1994-1996
On-site Releases
CAS
Number
75-07-0
6Q.3S.S
7$.OI-S
107-02-8
79.064
79-10-7
107-13-1
107-OS-!
7429-90-S
60-09-3
92-67-1
Chemical
Accttldehyde
Acctitnide
Acclonitrilc
* AcroIciH
Acrylamidc
Acrylic acid
Aerylonltrile
Ally! chloride
Aiumbnun (fume
or dust)
4 • Am i noizob :tucnc
4-AromobiphGnyi
Year
96
95
94
SS
96
95
94
SS
96
95
94
SS
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
SS
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
SS
96
95
94
SS
96
95
94
88
Fugitive or
NonpointAIr
Emissions
Pounds
1,637,438
1,621,964
1,298,012
2,689,238
5
7
8
0
601,735
697,817
817,015
1,408,588
928
10,200
9,454
17,352
2,751
6,922
8,815
17,298
193,012
273,364
271,143
585,041
291,729
290,055
346.69S
1,028,194
56,007
22,416
149,565
93,811
285,959
257,661
393,577
1,226,731
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Air
Stacker
Point Air
Emissions
Founds
10,938,582
11,566,763
10,646,232
4,260,011
14
1
19
0
421,386
323,025
356,571
786,151
81,348
61,102
55,291
16,300
8,949
12,155
7,164
8,721
231,271
253,846
222,599
215,005
1,003,720
1,235,391
1,424,831
3,767,967
24,141
29,630
51,919
55,558
1,397,308
1,722,662
1,544,556
2,455,267
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
10
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
198,485
227,116
286,484
98,236
2
0
1
0
11,900
7,474
14,580
42,223
550
4
440
0
3,653
1,929
2,677
3,124
3,171
2,648
1,928
16,646
590
7,137
20,439
6,531
9
95
7
430
48,989
36,693
24,574
91,518
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Underground
Injection
Pounds
468,662
605,886
602,167
2,219,105
1,169,000
920,000
466,000
0
22,826,712
27,836,181
17,025,679
16,739,010
100,360
83,465
107,999
68,950
5,748,154
6,120,154
5,198,814
2,198,000
5,168,000
7,840,000
6,436,000
22,262,010
3,595,236
5,193,028
4,894,487
4,562,713
0
0
0
250
0
250
301
250
203
64
350
537
2
2
S
4
On-site
Land
Releases
Pounds
16,800
155,360
20,367
194,958
0
0
0
0
48
12
3,229
1,790
0
0
0
500
149,156
235
155
756
67
47
113
15,950
302
618
278
2,150
0
41
2
200
3,872,907
1,872,483
1,143,698
3,177,625
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
13,259,967
14,177,089
12,853,262
9,461,548
1,169,021
920,008
466,028
0
23,861,781
28,864,509
18,217,074
18,977,762
183,186
154,771
173,184
103,102
5,912,663
6,141,395
5,217,625
2,227,899
5,595,521
8,369,905
6,931,783
23,094,652
4,891,577
6,726,229
6,686,733
9,367,555
80,157
52,182
201,493
150,249
5,605,163
3,889,749
3,106,706
6,951,391
203
64
351
537
2
2
5
14
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
2,463
1,099
992
24,930
0
0
0
250
548,193
10,892
66,885
416,333
0
0
0
0
301,575
3,083
3,891
97,582
51,375
35,421
57,637
134,139
6,639
4,917
8,738
151,450
0
13
37
747
7,747,964
6,143,170
12,554,174
14,368,041
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
13,262,430
14,178,188
12,854,254
9,486,478
1,169,021
920,008
466,028
250
24,409,974
28,875,401
18,283,959
19,394,095
183,186
154,771
173,184
103,102
6,214,238
6,144,478
5,221,516
2,325,481
5,646,896
8,405,326
6,989,420
23,228,791
4,898,216
6,731,146
6,695,471
9,519,005
80,157
52,195
201,530
150,996
13,353,127
10,032,919
15,660,880
21,319,432
203
64
351
537
2
2
5
14
Note; Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfunc
acid. On-site Releases from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Breakdown of Underground
Injection and On-site Land Releases (for RCRA Subtitle C landfills) began in 1996 reporting year.
*P«UcWc
104
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, and Total Production-
related Waste, 1988 and 1994-1996
Chemical
Acetaldehyde
Acetamide
Acetonitnle
Acrolem
Acrylamide
Acrylic acid
Acrylomtrile
AHyl chloride
Aluminum (fume
or dust)
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
S8
4-Ammoazobenzene 96
4-Ammobiphenyl
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Energy
Recycled Recovery
On-site On-site
Pounds Pounds
178,600 12,168,23?
97,000 9,238,985
142,000 8,137,832
NA NA
0 98,900
0 1,000
0 119,600
NA NA
22,263,727 24,163,715
9,409,962 23,070,787
7,391,440 26,477,192
NA NA
0 3,641,691
4,800 3,752,847
6,600 3,192,350
NA NA
307 90,400
4,037 820
2,449 0
NA NA
4,427,743 27,444,611
3,339,863 26,544,419
2,734,524 22,104,705
NA NA
12,680,622 3,485,381
12,408,043 3,342,652
11,344,298 3,189,640
NA NA
260,000 2,300,000
520,000 186,000
489,720 180,000
NA NA
15,382,373 0
38,589,375 0
13,922,952 0
NA NA
0 0
0 0
0 0
NA NA
0 0
0 0
0 0
NA NA
Treated
On-site
Pounds
21,603,608
14,494,403
14,761,363
NA
1
0
1
NA
12,010,669
9,254,608
13,032,752
NA
6,126,756
5,168,260
823,436
NA
137,990
314,544
526,024
NA
27,724,878
26,793,759
29,453,465
NA
10,463,883
10,633,989
12,636,213
NA
504,432
750,979
576,888
NA
18,105,328
15,628,491
15,344,096
NA
0
3
3,000
NA
91,000
91,000
91,400
NA
Total
OB-sIte
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
33,950,445
23,830,388
23,041,195
NA
98,901
1,000
119,601
NA
58,438,111
41,735,357
46,901,384
NA
9,768,447
8,925,907
4,022,386
NA
228,697
319,401
528,473
NA
59,597,232
56,678,041
54,292,694
NA
26,629,886
26,384,684
27,170,151
NA
3,064,432
1,456,979
1,246,608
NA
33,487,701
54,217,866
29,267,048
NA
0
3
3,000
NA
91,000
91,000
91,400
NA
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
43
31,823
28,005
NA
0
0
0
NA
1,736,000
2,071,155
1,741,949
NA
0
0
0
NA
4
0
0
NA
96,828
34,867
71,070
NA
517
69,716
100
NA
0
0
0
NA
22,941,895
17,973,633
21,676,523
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
144,723
234,680
260,346
NA
0
0
0
NA
6,436,847
4,700,840
5,784,3^4
NA
27,729
43,323
11,893
NA
22,780
43,729
41,953
NA
3,738,960
5,194,184
5,364,877
NA
317,693
716,574
425,084
NA
360
1,506
15,149
NA
88,524
164,914
245,466
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
311,747
1,244,782
432,543
161,761
411
323
846
0
3,730,563
4,212,558
3,841,992
3,772,221
39
11,361
3,857
250
27,346
39,747
50,620
14,458
1,107,155
426,232
472,260
108,914
1,013,860
939,112
835,026
1,388,052
487,384
413,027
462,055
208,328
152,126
304,707
147,542
2,457,125
99
0
0
0
103
0
0
0
Transfers
tofOTWs
Pounds
346,698
487,176
460,301
160,438
0
0
0
0
911,800
925,614
1,046,688
600,450
0
0
0
250
65,280
176,069
82,086
13,540
19,688
53,283
37,103
23,262
88,141
143,393
169,644
955,739
11
11
14
14,900
12,754
11,484
9,417
15,217
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
214,260
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
12,756
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
803,211
1,998,461
1,181,195
NA
411
323
846
NA
12,815,210
11,910,167
12,415,023
NA
27,768
54,684
15,750
NA
115,410
259,545
174,659
NA
4,962,631
5,708,566
5,945,3 10
NA
1,420,211
1,868,795
1,429,854
NA
487,755
414,544
477,218
NA
23,195,299
18,454,738
22,078,948
NA
99
0
0
NA
103
0
0
NA
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
47,988,233
40,023,586
37,029,612
NA
1,269,087
921,088
586,224
NA
96,460,892
83,670,046
77,427,032
NA
9,971,496
9,135,170
4,211,138
NA
6,525,693
6,715,488
5,926,711
NA
70,187,482
70,615,140
67,263,265
NA
32,917,197
35,012,080
35,250,820
NA
3,640,974
1,922,258
1,929,965
NA
68,452,437
88,371,586
68,179,035
NA
302
67
3,351
NA
91,105
91,002
91,405
NA
Mote- Other On-site Waste Management from Section 8 and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding
off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes Production-related Waste from
Section 8 of Form R (total excludes remedial and catastrophic quantities)
105
-------
Chapters— Year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI On-slte and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
CAS
Number Chemical
62-53-3 Aniline
90-CH-O o-Aniiidinc
104.94.9 p-Anisidinc
120-12-7 Anthracene
7440.36-0 Antimony
— Antimony
compound!
7440-3S-2 Arsenic
— Arsenic compounds
1332-21-4 Asbestos (friiblc)
7440-39-3 Barium
— • Buium compounds
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
gg
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Furtive or
N'onpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
111,741
115,922
148,070
323,900
1,443
966
891
501
0
0
0
0
23,583
28,596
20,796
144,123
2,905
4,892
4,741
10,789
32,345
41,687
42,718
58,941
32,882
2,444
9,272
2,608
75,960
68,982
11,290
43,461
1,398
1,055
3,080
11,043
9,579
35,972
76,327
174,401
84,002
60,790
102,967
152,892
Air
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
133,351
85,545
153,836
388,869
74
65
63
1,792
0
5
10
10
40,617
'52,875
48,314
55,700
7,962
24,676
18,635
59,127
70,385
64,090
51,723
106,587
6,590
4,408
7,937
5,079
39,486
55,623
67,572
223,791
1,362
2,590
2,882
37,453
33,400
55,114
5,845
92,410
215,467
96,792
289,082
873,780
On-
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
16,217
8,943
8,835
16,105
28
74
80
285
0
0
5
250
122
4,942
341
4,382
5,388
6,592
98,466
11,114
34,886
29,346
45,687
31,178
421
363
1,009
1,282
4,047
4,936
7,602
6, 243
2
I
260
10,699
2.4S2
6,279
6,064
18,650
89,385
53,867
53,836
104,302
site Releases
Underground
Injection
Pounds
835,298
1,221,381
1,664,033
3,582,975
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,100
13,908
11,332
40,224
9,200
0
0
0
0
61,280
55,000
60,400
27,400
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
750
0
2SO
2,773
On-site
Land
Releases
Pounds
781
4,193
1,554
12,822
0
0
30
250
0
0
0
250
661
939
15,028
10,905
9,480
18,786
10,226
903,916
1,974,528
1,168,668
1,267,941
1,935,018
98,758
27,351
4,883
181,267
1,751,028
1,325,583
1,954,360
4,946,184
479,559
131,404
288,146
2,111,880
306,932
219,823
267,704
6,721,686
1,533,385
665,762
«41,2S7
5,651,655
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
1,097,388
1,435,984
1,976,328
4,324,671
1,545
1,105
1,064
2,828
0
5
15
510
64,983
87,352
84,479
215,110
25,735
54,946
132,068
987,046
2,126,052
1,315,123
1,448,293
2,140,924
138,651
34,566
23,101
190,236
1,931,801
1,510,124
2,101,224
5,247,079
482,321
135,050
294,368
2,171,075
352,393
317,188
355,940
7,007,147
1,922,989
877,211
1,087,392
6,785,402
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
21,071
21,546
126,195
346,206
1
3
1
3
0
0
0
0
51,041
48,140
60,186
204,665
217,968
85,701
104,519
568,925
4,201,352
3,080,779
4,300,313
2,184,568
47,420
43,208
47,647
62,664
1,196,069
1,346,886
1,702,657
1,402,790
3,316,112
4,101,565
4,064,593
12,135,707
574,589
313,310
222,758
1,663,835
4,127,184
4,481,703
5,066,718
16,386,093
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
1,118,459
1,457,530
2,102,523
4,670,877
1,546
1,108
1,065
2,831
0
5
IS
510
116,024
135,4.92
144,665
419,775
243,703
140,647
236,587
1,555,971
6,327,404
4,395,902
5,748,606
4,325,492
186,071
77,774
70,748
252,900
3,127,870
2,857,010
3,803,881
6,649,869
3,798,433
4,236,615
4,358,961
14,306,782
926,982
630,498
578,698
8,670,982
6,050,173
5,358,914
6,154,110
23,171,495
NO(CJ Docs not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added m 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfunc
teWL On-slte Releases from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Breakdown of Underground
Injection and On-site Land Releases (for RCRA Subtitle C landfills) began in 1996 reporting year
*Pestlddc
106
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9, TRI Other On-site Waste Management, Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, and Total Production-
related Waste, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
Recycled
Chemical Year On-site
Pounds
Aniline
o-Amsidme
p-Aaisidme
Anthracene
Antimony
Antimony
compounds
Arsenic
Arsenic compounds
Asbestos (friable)
Barmm
Banum compounds
96 8,838,234
95 7,243,251
94 6,149,837
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 214,266
95 205,705
94 357,802
88 NA
96 3,549,028
95 3,201,021
94 2,370,185
88 NA
96 6,138,043
95 5,371,981
94 5,525,114
88 NA
96 1,191,541
95 1,072,279
94 1,580,322
88 NA
96 4,931,812
95 2,445,203
94 1,806,460
88 NA
96 142,589
95 291,000
94 484,280
88 NA
96 58,305
95 14,719
94 23,305
88 NA
96 37,172,801
95 26,551,729
94 15,172,953
88 NA
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
6,189,043
7,419,516
7,272,647
NA
1,465
143
100
NA
0
0
0
NA
112,111
183,121
134,382
NA
109,302
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
7,700
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
220,321
0
0
NA
200
200
0
NA
Treated
On-site
Pounds
3,641,917
3,746,207
3,009,125
NA
3,992
14,704
14,166
NA
0
0
,96
NA
1,257,051
1,693,057
198,373
NA
1,220,051
819,533
2,409,099
NA
94,818
79,189
160,038
NA
70,004
13,030
14,150
NA
92,028
227,628
263,695
NA
519,822
1,548,870
521,499
NA
75,212
43,195
1,956
NA
6,877,708
6,224,067
4,133,323
NA
Total
On-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
18,669,194
18,408,974
16,431,609
NA
5,457
14,847
14,266
NA
0
0
96
NA
1,583,428
2,081,883
690,557
NA
4,878,381
4,020,554
4,779,284
NA
6,232,861
5,451,170
5,685,152
NA
1,261,545
1,093,009
1,594,472
NA
5,023,840
2,672,831
2,070,155
NA
662,411
1,839,870
1,005,779
NA
353,838
57,914
2S.261
NA
44,050,709
32,775,996
19,306,276
NA
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
9,722
16,937
38,652
NA
2,939,941
5,600,035
3,103,007
NA
2,874,865
3,247,034
3,570,429
NA
751,303
189,754
836,449
NA
368,156
423,946
296,3 14
NA
0
0
0
NA
92,646
160,557
127,098
NA
2,771,996
1,695,448
1,638,023
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
314,762
355,000
1,130,313
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
210,273
201,453
183,999
NA
33,085
1,730
3,165
NA
63,927
'49,141
31,974
NA
0
2,650
0
NA
326
752
3
NA
0
0
0
NA
3,253
509
19
NA
224,870
92,593
98,204
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
381,821
230,110
592,205
468,311
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4,782
2,667
10,210
73,023
155,173
71,999
22,943
22,979
747,146
818,434
571,795
138,456
95,712
46,620
10,738
1,020
1,718,792
1,295,253
1,044,606
11,887
75
5
260
170,934
167,142
104,123
6,050
89,045
1,592,618
1,449,696
1,525,482
828,870
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
1,113,702
986,966
1,542,912
2,106,510
6,251
5,100
2,171
768
0
5
5
0
345
654
630
20,419
22,558
27,386
55,605
40,228
94,398
85,994
82,033
67,108
303
68
181
1,928
229
248
306
3,126
752
752
2
68,148
1,629
4,164
5,925
205,209
392,15!
386,873
207,260
823,073
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
16,050
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,250
2
5
0
500
0
0
951
1,450
0
0
0
35
0
0
0
9,573
0
0
0
1,010,000
0
250
0
10,412
2,941
0
332
297,371
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds (
1,810,285
1,512,076
3,265,430
NA
6,251
5,100
2,171
NA
0
5
5
NA
225,122
221,711
233,491
NA
3,150,759
5,701,155
3,184,720
NA
3,780,336
4,200,603
4,257,182
NA
847,318
239,092
847,368
NA
2,087,503
1,720,199
1,341,229
NA
827
757
262
NA
264,670
269,603
139,092
NA
4,984,576
3,624,610
3,469,301
NA
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
21,595,574
21,486,235
21,781,728
NA
13,254
21,008
17,497
NA
0
18
118
NA
1,916,943
2,423,973
1,056,011
NA
8,-273,867
9,848,835
8,029,694
NA
15,280,785
13,648,769
15,461,361
NA
2,276,3 19
1,394,987
2,602,086
NA
9,549,085
6,740,533
6,837,981
NA
4,348,203
5,355,222
5,055,780
NA
1,496,638
856,700
719,102
NA
54,816,803
43,872,544
29,700,319
NA
Note Other On-site Waste Management from Section 8 and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding
off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes Production-related Waste from
Section 8 of Form R (total excludes remedial and catastrophic quantities)
107
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
On-site Releases
CAS
Number Chemical
9S-S7-3 Bcnzal chloride
55-21-0 Bcnzamidc
71-43-2 Benzene
92-S7-5 Bcnzxtac
93-07-7 Bcnzoic trichloride
98-88-4 Bcnzoyl chloride
94-36-0 Bcnzoyl peroxide
100-44-7 Benzyl chloride
7440-41-7 Beryllium
— Beryllium
compounds
92-52-4 Biphcnyl
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Air
Fugitive or Stack or
NonpointAir Point Air
Emissions Emissions
Pounds Pounds
1,158
1,095
163
5,252
No reports received
No reports received
No reports received
250
8
17
12
6
250
3,365,712 4,753,759
4,020,284 5
,259,238
5,427,931 4,297,733
20,664,086 11
No reports received
No reports received
250
No reports received
7,925
6,446
2,832
24,542
16,874
14,882
11,7}9
28,295
325
351
946
4,063
13,695
12,700
16,856
30,689
9
3
1
550
30
0
0
1
409,862
493,906
549,141
631,591
,677,898
0
66
50
36
421
1,829
1,867
1,972
4,719
1,694
1,692
1,021
2,231
5,697
6,961
6,321
12,640
850
832
898
2,213
365
360
610
861
237,574
237,842
79,745
579,701
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
0
0
0
0
250
27,376
21,301
22,310
46,732
0
16
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
5
5
0
324
40
49
640
31
26
36
74
1
2
2
17
9,779
6,242
3,733
88,197
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
0
250
312,766
282,642
223,103
825,035
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
130,000
0
0
0
5,350
660
0
23
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
31,558
30,337
48,302
82,760
On-site
Land
Releases
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
76,157
18,582
25,568
125,228
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
1,655
10,345
3,635
36,050
173
247
126
500
31,240
22,189
22,860
37,000
16,188
23,000
17,000
12,000
29,272
71,864
5,198
222,297
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
1,166
1,112
175
5,258
1,000
8,535,770
9,602,047
9,996,645
33,338,979
250
8,007
6,496
2,868
24,963
18,703
16,749
13,691
163,264
3,684
12,393
5,607
47,694
20,549
19,948
23,375
44,469
32,130
23,050
23,795
39,837
16,584
23,362
17,612
12,879
718,045
840,191
686,119
1,604,546
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
0
0
0
7,308
750
65,750
71,391
203,685
396,880
0
0
250
0
9,777
2,370
1,460
250
2,399
6,352
4,760
10,936
23,954
4,824
3,870
246
9,687
1,590
6,943
9,617
3,155
1,440
1,600
2,300
6,900'
34,962
37,988
29,055
227,492
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
1,166
1,112
175
12,566
1,750
8,601,520
9,673,438
10,200,330
33,735,859
250
8,007
6,746
2,868
34,740
21,073
18,209
13,941
165,663
10,036
17,153
16,543
71,648
25,373
23,818
23,621
54,156
33,720
29,993
33,412
42,992
18,024
24,962
19,912
19,779
753,007
878,179
715,174
1,832,038
Note; Docs not include delistcd chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfiinc
acid. On-sitc Releases from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Breakdown of Underground
Injection and On-site Land Releases (for RCRA Subtitle C landfills) began in 1996 reporting year.
*Pcstlcidc
108
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, and Total Production-
related Waste, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
Chemical Year
Benzal chloride
Benzamide
Benzene
Benzidine
Benzoic trichloride
Benzoyl chloride
Benzoyl peroxide
Benzyl chloride
Beryllium
Beryllium
compounds
Biphenyl
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Energy
Recycled Recovery
On-sitc On-site
Pounds Pounds
0 0
0 0
0 0
NA NA
No reports received
No reports received
No reports received
NA NA
61,704,353 15,645,404
57,794,042 20,222,877
47,933,639 23,033,715
NA NA
No reports received
No reports received
0 0
No reports received
0 0
0 0
0 0
NA NA
0 0
0 0
0 0
NA NA
11,580 0
4,600 863
6,805 0
NA NA
19,000 20,600
1,000 25,481
972 0
NA NA
38,389 0
39,689 0
39,964 0
NA NA
0 0
7 0
8 0
NA NA
161,010 1,094,809
268,053 1,088,381
456,329 1,074,140
NA NA
Treated
On-site
Pounds
110,000
2,800
7,200
NA
NA
64,991,646
55,735,616
32,391,288
NA
0
150,000
150,000
120,000
NA
1,998,467
1,676,545
1,639,368
NA
36,266
54,214
50,900
NA
258,415
256,947
210,199
NA
921
780
780
NA
0
0
0
NA
3,058,232
963,993
712,220
NA
Total
On-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
110,000
2,800
7,200
NA
NA
142,341,403
133,752,535
103,358,642
NA
0
150,000
150,000
120,000
NA
1,998,467
1,676,545
1,639,368
NA
47,846
59,677
57,705
NA
298,015
283,428
211,171
NA
39,310
40,469
40,744
NA
0
7
8
NA
4,314,051
2,320,427
2,242,689
NA
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
NA
531,327
421,128
555,386
NA
0
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
6,000
10,800
9,000
NA
0
0
0
NA
93,078
9,618
13,751
NA
18,050
24,005
312,617
NA
527,079
161,181
161,084
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
780,000
260,000
54,000
NA
NA
2,196,809
1,579,514
1,657,760
NA
0
12,000
0
12
NA
138
80
0
NA
3,760
2,671
2,097
NA
559,486
430,300
401,125
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
243,039
346,055
309,207
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
180
0
0
95,878
0
1,491,143
1,780,401
2,146,156
1,892,869
0
44
3,018
0
12,795
630,473
592,289
496,694
358,570
6,842
11,884
24,166
38,600
1,608
9,565
538
89,160
3,257
423
19
3
1,309
990
1,060
1,391
513,754
205,982
389,864
252,521
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
5
5
0
0
0
214,698
218,505
210,855
1,165,252
0
5
5
0
0
6
5
75
180
38,772
32,842
21,318
69,946
1,581
1,894
6,347
41,553
0
0
0
4
1
1
1
3
404,785
402,012
296,466
1,446,614
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
6
0
250
7,430
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
380
0
0
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
780,185
260,005
54,000
NA
NA
4,433,983
3,999,548
4,570,407
NA
0
12,049
3,023
12
NA
630,617
592,374
496,769
NA
55,374
58,197
56,581
NA
562,675
441,759
408,010
NA
96,335
10,041
13,770
NA
19,360
24,996
313,678
NA
1,688,657
1,115,610
1,156,621
NA
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
891,348
263,905
61,375
NA
NA
156,110,718
147,817,270
118,003,004
NA
16
170,025
159,275
122,874
NA
2,650,142
2,309,965
2,149,967
NA
113,431
128,634
128,776
NA
882,915
746,173
640,364
NA
166,725
80,283
87,812
NA
36,966
49,559
335,897
NA
6,793,939
4,314,849
4,145,833
NA
Note. Other On-site Waste Management from Section 8 and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding
off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R. Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes Production-related Waste from
Section 8 of Form R (total excludes remedial and catastrophic quantities)
109
-------
Chapter 3 — year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
On-site Releases
CAS
Number
I1M4.4
S42-88-1
101.60-1
75-25-2
74-83.9
106-99-0
141-32-2
71-36-3
7S-92.2
7S-6S-0
10648-7
Chemical
B!s(2-chloHwlhyl}
ether
Bis(chloronKthyl)
ether
Bii(2-cMoro-l-
mcthylcthyl)
ether
Biwocfotm
* Bremoaiethane
1,3-Butadlcnc
Butyl acryUtc
H'Dulyl alcohol
lee-Butyl alcohol
tert-Butyl ilcohol
l,2-Bulylcn= oxide
Year
96
95
94
38
96
95
94
S3
96
95
94
S3
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
SS
96
95
94
83
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Fugttveor
Nonpolnt Air
Emissions
Pounds
799
373
2,835
4,322
0
0
5
1
520
2,710
1,800
7,944
Air
Stacker
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
2,119
191
395
600
0
0
250
0
4,100
3,420
3,090
15
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
6
3
7
1,351
0
0
0
0
44
0
3,026
30,000
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
On-site
Land
Releases
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
1
0
Total
On-sitc
Releases
Pounds
2,924
567
3,237
6,273
0
0
255
1
4,667
6,130
7,917
37,959
No reports received
No reports received
No reports received
0
414,088
386,154
483,863
428,777
1,429,487
1,436,010
1,680,098
4,059,260
105,689
1 17,625
126,139
165,186
4,906,789
5,669,583
6,523,855
8,977,430
320,953
281,548
479,494
400,126
494,612
508,686
648,074
1,207,440
5,499
3,658
5,341
34,973
0
1,885,755
2,215,580
2,197,112
2,356,018
1,296,809
1,613,728
1,260,880
2,945,362
108,649
111,143
139,101
246,676
17,938,341
20,034,108
21,971,251
28,737,791
929,317
616,484
506,823
697,037
272,590
149,132
330,360
366,697
7,198
7,425
4,702
64,958
8,600
7
14
13
0
11,001
5,393
7,118
522,504
712
2,919
218
3,528
61,936
115,353
52,481
128,130
6,920
6,782
5,902
122,291
30,430
20,183
179,786
14,989
45
I
210
3,500
0
303
3,817
0
1,546
1,000
0
0
l.SOO
0
0
0
0
2,452,006
2,263,357
1,777,216
3,006,660
120,169
136,172
143,443
0
1,007,213
1,082,071
691,738
674,798
0
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
263
277
396
7,817
2,165
559
52
602
6,134
4,631
3,922
175,819
490
2,805
5
2,600
758
751
111
818
0
0
0
250
8,600
2,300,159
2,605,565
2,680,988
2,786,341
2,738,560
3,055,408
2,948,492
7,536,443
217,215
232,246
265,510
415,992
25,365,206
28,087,032
30,328,725
41,025,830
1,377,849
1,043,791
1,135,667
1,222,054
1,805,603
1,760,823
1,850,069
2,264,742
12,742
11,084
10,253
103,681
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
16
0
0
0
0
0
s
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4~,790
4,892
6,846
185,398
50,540
73,301
62,877
18,766
304,582
286,766
136,044
924,519
18,769
18,376
32,282
21,351
42,468
30,783
70,466
56,502
12
5
0
898
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
2,940
567
3,237
6,273
0
0
260
1
4,667
6,130
7,917
37,959
8,600
2,300,159
2,605,565
2,680,988
2,786,341
2,743,350
3,060,300
2,955,338
7,721,841
267,755
305,547
328,387
434,758
25,669,788
28,373,798
30,464,769
41,950,349
1,396,618
1,062,167
1,167,949
1,243,405
1,848,071
1,791,606
1,920,535
2,321,244
12,754
11,089
10,253
104,579
Note: Does not Include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfunc
*cid. On-site Releases from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Breakdown of Underground
Injection and On-site Land Releases (for RCRA Subtitle C landfills) began in 1996 reporting year
•Pesticide
110
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-fo-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, and Total Production-
related Waste, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
Chemical Year
Bis(2-chloroethyl)
ether
B is(chloromethyl)
ether
Bis(2-chloro-l-
methylethyl)
ether
Bromoform
Bromomethane
1,3-Butadiene
Butyl acrylate
n-Butyl alcohol
sec-Butyl alcohol
tert-Butyl alcohol
1,2-Butylene oxide
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Energy
Recycled Recovery
On-site On-site
Pounds Pounds
0 573,000
0 302,700
0 40,000
NA NA
0 0
0 0
0 0
NA NA
13,000,000 0
5,200,000 8,540,000
3,100,000 7,800,000
NA NA
No reports received
No reports received
No reports received
NA NA
39,200 207,750
165,182 101,000
772,910 79,000
NA NA
5,953,022 37,128,076
5,513,939 32,353,920
5,600,731 40,521,985
NA NA
93,695 1,902,440
173,995 4,059,201
140,109 3,776,871
NA NA
t
1
7,330,808 22,248,666
8,438,943 24,665,663
26,401,711 16,120,208
NA NA
472,175 20,272,772
748,440 13,041,102
410,890 10,476,065
NA NA
437,181 53,474,091
466,023 64,310,733
473,322 35,610,614
NA NA
0 46,792
0 0
0 47,000
NA NA
Treated
On-site
Pounds
960,300
0
105,800
NA
6,500
13,000
13,135
NA
8,934,000
10,840,000
7,500,000
NA
NA
454,397
4,876,073
108,195
NA
61,528,326
57,784,775
44,835,914
NA
3,155,076
4,173,410
1,586,926
NA
39,477,166
37,948,908
26,420,738
NA
2,060,170
2,249,797
1,727,242
NA
2,117,278
2,447,778
1,648,219
NA
350,376
329,270
3,300,131
NA
Total
On-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
1,533,300
302,700
145,800
NA
6,500
13,000
13,135
NA
21,934,000
24,580,000
18,400,000
NA
NA
701,347
5,142,255
960,105
NA
104,609,424
95,652,634
90,958,630
NA
5,151,211
8,406,606
5,503,906
NA
69,056,640
71,053,514
68,942,657
NA
22,805,117
16,039,339
12,614,197
NA
56,028,550
67,224,534
37,732,155
NA
397,168
329,270
3,347,131
NA
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
180,000
146,118
186,472
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
NA
0
0
0
NA
7,241,635
7,011,736
7,328,960
NA
90,081
207,463
107,082
NA
2,929,058
3,280,860
2,651,817
NA
143,765
24,670
44,064
NA
12,084
2,256
1,356
NA
0
990
2,650
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
407,512
203,775
162,623
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
NA
190
380
100
NA
3,409
34,521
166,970
NA
308,058
1,143,538
182,031
NA
7,807,862
8,620,705
7,760,665
NA
3,500,087
6,221,727
5,307,090
NA
8,386,360
27,928,818
29,854,068
NA
263,538
326,640
364,065
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
34,692
86,019
5,045
27,265
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
750
0
92,020
96,020
400,339
178,855
59,934
109,335
85,812
585,394
1,222,863
1,553,556
2,218,675
6,841,449
86,670
39,689
75,307
74,574
184,233
973,977
1,202,299
328,523
20,558
93
0
250
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
2,382
2,874
2,846
9,621
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
670
705
537
44,874
112,122
121,191
107,496
34,604
1,862,777
1,789,211
1,819,029
4,524,613
56,350
59,663
37,320
41,108
1,151,656
837,780
743,825
1,539,726
0
0
10
0
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,934
0
0
0
525
11,000
755
297
424,570
0
0
0
134,802
0
0
0
1.10,250
0
0
0
0
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
624,586
438,786
356,986
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
NA
190
380
850
NA
7,337,734
7,142,982
7,896,806
NA
570,195
1,581,527
482,421
NA
13,833,560
15,245,087
14,450,483
NA
3,786,872
6,345,749
5,463,781
NA
9,734,333
29,742,831
31,801,548
NA
284,096
327,723
366,725
NA
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
2,160,836
742,056
506,014
NA
6,500
13,000
13jl92
NA
21,938,700
24,586,100
18,407,900
NA
NA
3,001,785
7,720,636
3,639,105
NA
120,423,280
112,314,831
109,670,111
NA
5,979,902
10,285,070
6,308,918
NA
109,092,615
114,345,938
113,966,981
NA
27,617,067
23,519,105
19,179,277
NA
68,708,742
98,721,229
71,316,735
NA
690,769
671,351
3,719,712
NA
Note- Other On-site Waste Management from Section 8 and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding
off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes Production-related Waste from
Section 8 of Form R (total excludes remedial and catastrophic quantities)
111
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-lo-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
On-site Releases
CAS
Number Chemical
123-72-8 Bulyrildchydc
7440-43*9 Cadmium
— Cadmium
compounds
156-62-7 Calcium cytaualde
133.06-2 * Captan
63-2S-2 * Carbaryt
75-15-0 Carbon dtniffide
S6-23-S Cstboa letrichlonde
•(63-58- 1 Orbonyl sullide
120-80-9 C.tcchol
IM-90-4 CMoramboi
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
84
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
128,227
120,634
133,044
691,404
1,926
2,480
2,651
9,300
5,964
7,177
6,435
23,099
1
5
0
12,000
519
520
1,522
4,066
1,270
1,022
2,668
2,515
3,212,583
3,457,834
3,876,738
3,139,255
140,533
140,135
235,473
1,101,201
610,328
86,530
77,490
7,643
2,480
1,328
1,483
2,448
Air
Stacker
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
155,403
170,806
146,824
1,527,288
2,849
9,459
7,412
13,130
33,925
24,692
34,355
77,163
1
5
5
600
12,106
6,760
6,971
10,803
11,682
6,802
4,749
5,408
69,569,637
80,662,696
80,233,890
120,970,649
210,317
254,041
415,625
2,694,047
19,241,733
17,483,365
17,845,497
25,946,460
2,826
2,129
1,878
1,341
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
441
821
875
3,812
1,010
458
1,264
2,598
3,614
645
775
1,549
0
0
0
0
5
5
5
750
54
10
10
877
66,555
39,864
56,136
39,501
215
717
1,223
15,627
0
0
0
0
24,475
24,747
26,585
320,546
Underground
Injection
Pounds
43,344
149,783
87,047
1,997
0
0
0
0
82
109
170
2,409
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
5,100
0
0
0
0
3,788
3,985
4,305
13,400
44,515
53,966
12,654
98,050
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Oil-site
Land
Releases
Pounds
46
10
0
31
51,420
19,938
4,146
94,602
502,027
358,773
337,743
294,877
0
0
0
66,000
0
5
5
1,000
2,685
1,060
255
500
270
265
80
43,436
0
0
0
14,759
0
0
0
0
2,222
3,729
1,332
84,332
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
327,461
442,054
367,790
2,224,532
57,205
32,335
15,473
119,630
545,612
391,396
379,478
399,097
2
10
5
78,600
12,635
7,290
8,503
21,719
15,671
8,894
7,682
9,300
72,852,833
84,164,644
84,171,149
124,206,241
395,580
448,859
664,975
3,923,684
19,852,061
17,569,895
17,922,987
25,954,103
32,003
31,933
31,278
408,667
No reports received
No reports received
No reports received
250
1,168
250
0
0
1,668
Off-site
Releases
Transfer!
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
37
41
1,038
117,741
39,864
62,120
59,259
131,879
898,688
1,648,173
1,864,419
982,168
0
0
0
0
2,191
3,868
1,237
12,434
2,848
26,861
16,491
6,198
19,097
2,949
1,672
58,473
9,245
7,735
50,791
49,703
0
0
0
0
239
563
1,568
89,474
1,159
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
327,498
442,095
368,828
2,342,273
97,069
94,455
74,732
251,509
1,444,300
2,039,569
2,243,897
1,381,265
2
10
5
78,600
14,826
11,158
9,740
34,153
18,519
35,755
24,173
15,498
72,871,930
84,167,593
84,172,821
124,264,714
404,825
456,594
715,766
3,973,387
19,852,061
17,569,895
17,922,987
25,954,103
32,242
32,496
32,846
498,141
2,827
Note: Docs not include dclisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfunc
acid, On-sltc Releases ftom Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Breakdown of Underground
Injection and On-sitc Land Releases (for RCRA Subtitle C landfills) began in 1996 reporting year
*Pc$tkIdc
112
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, and Total Production-
related Waste, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
Chemical Year
Sutyraldehyde
Cadmium
Cadmium
compounds
Calcium cyanamtde
Captan
Carbaryl
Carbon dis«lfi
-------
lit
Chapters— Year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRII On*glte and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
On-sitc Releases
CAS
Numtitr Chemt«l
57-74-9 ChJortine
77I2-SO-5 * Chlorine
I0049-04-4 * Chlorine dioxide
79-1 l»l ChtofOKette add
108-90-7 Chloreoenzene
75-00-3 Chtoroc[h>nc
67-66-3 Chloroform
74«S7-3 Chlofomclliinc
107-30-2 CMoronwifcyJ
mtAyl ether
— dtlwsphenols
U6-99-S Cliloroprcnc
Yeu-
96
9S
94
as
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
18
56
9S
94
88
96
9S
94
88
96
9S
94
88
96
95
S4
88
96
9$
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Furtive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
660
823
1,300
2,695
1,119,170
1,049,905
1,297,509
4,722,032
20,395
16,727
16,914
1,277,556
5,620
5,619
5,983
21,660
775,735
553,142
746,012
2,032,791
1,130,568
1,221,405
1,285,967
2,148,305
3,086,308
3,333,191
3,493,811
7,790,990
772,463
849,575
1,002,143
3,515,698
199
11
11
33
1,851
1,960
1,991
2,154
1 12,905
109,218
125,385
234,228
Air
Stack or
Point Alt
Emissions
Pounds
0
0
0
3
65,308,331
64,719,424
58,578,266
128,363,569
1,189,230
1,286,799
1,484,137
10,973,494
812
855
710
5,159
402,361
525,711
702,475
2,343,096
1,422,692
1, 336,944
1,641,444
2,738,910
6,235,110
6,942,723
7,548,078
18,197,619
3,685,312
3,534,174
3,917,650
8,051,949
2,642
2,854
2,728
3,000
2,924
3,037
6,630
419
913,190
874,670
968,771
1,713,780
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
95
22
13
4
46S.787
432,218
502,396
6,622,187
0
5
0
2,350
2
11,121
10,178
850
2,086
1,850
2,206
98,354
28S
2,320
767
27,448
340,396
330,352
376,502
1,114,965
803
57,425
59,653
1 15,985
7
10
5
0
13
30
39
272
5
0
2
287
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
4,262
74,196
74,124
74,311
107,624
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
68,701
27,405
72,000
84,457
92
0
110
1,510
45,387
33,276
80,002
36,000
99,705
SO, 198
50,707
165,250
0
0
0
0
113,554
105,687
94,236
71,554
120,000
60,000
59,600
68,792
On-site
Land
Release-,
Pounds
0
0
0
0
312,638
14,213
63,097
430,047
0
0
0
41,000
250
0
950
0
5
S
16
4,127
0
116
147
I
32,709
4,297
11,779
68,647
80
35
15
0
0
Q
0
0
0
0
1
0
8,640
5,104
3,997
0
Total
On-lite
Releases
Pounds
7SS
845
1,313
6,964
67,280,122
66,289,884
60,515,579
140,245,459
1,209,625
1,303,S31
1,501,051
12,294,400
6,684
17.S9S
17,821
27,679
1,248,888
1,108,113
1,522,709
4,S62,82S
2,553,637
2,760,785
2,928,435
4,916,174
9,739,910
10,643,839
11,510,172
27,208,221
4,558,363
4,491,407
5,030,168
11,848,882
2,848
2,875
2,744
3,033
11S.J42
110,714
102,897
74,399
S.154,740
1,048,992
1,157,755
2,017,087
Off-site
Releasw
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
0
0
0
0
21,045
40,771
15,133
1,003,531
0
0
2
41,750
255
600
603
2,506
106,844
92,582
94,624
117,624
0
0
8
32,260
38,868
6,636
68,688
143,124
392
1,557
1,565
59,140
70
70
70
0
2,290
940
3S3
2
8,640
7,102
6,391
0
Total
On- and
Off-site
Rcleasos
Pounds
7SS
845
1,313
6,964
67,301,167
66,330,655
60,530,712
141,248,990
1,209,625
1,303,531
1,501,053
12,336,150
6,939
18,195
18,424
30,185
1,355,732
1,200,695
1,617,333
4,680,449
2,553,637
2,760,785
2,928,443
4,948,434
9,778,77S
10,650,475
11,578,860
27,351,345
4,558,755
4,492,964
5,031,733
11,908,022
2,918
2,945
2,814
3,033
120,632
111,654
103,280
74,401
1,163,380
1,056,094
1,164,146
2,017,087
Mole: Does not include delisled chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfliric
acid, On-slle Release* from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Breakdown of Underground
Injection and Go-site land Releases {for RCRA Subtitle C landfills) began in 1996 reporting year.
114
-------
Chapters— Year-to-year Comparison of TRI Date
Table 3-9. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, and Total Production-
related Waste, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
Chemical
Chlordane
Chlorine
Chlorine dioxide
Chloroacetic acid
Chlorobenzene
Chloroethane
Chloroform
Chloromethane
Chloromethyl
methyl ether
Chlorophenols
Chloroprenc
Recycled
Year On-site
Pounds
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 82,275,726
95 84,997,609
94 81,815,961
88 NA
96 2,242,600
95 2,446,060
94 2,388,780
88 NA
96 42,416
95 25,013
94 38,482
88 NA
96 S.742,719
95 9,123,869
94 15,489,324
88 NA
96 3,909,753
95 2,321,094
94 1,388,619
88 NA
96 6,039,162
95 5,138,816
94 5,492,781
88 NA
96 2,999,190
95 2,803,788
94 2,333,832
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 2,486,786
95 2,919,075
94 2,822,928
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
4,000
499
1,303,020
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
2,870,143
1,978,757
1,533,627
NA
12,244,253
13,500,359
20,215,866
NA
8,887,218
17,187,219
10,972,419
NA
4,492,933
4,421,896
3,794,405
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
944,336
26,280
26,064
NA
Treated
On-site
Pounds
4,150
5,150
5,200
NA
259,753,478
220,213,392
220,121,041
NA
50,907,468
40,375,897
69,813,113
NA
1,636,910
1,331,388
1,229,602
NA
11,527,191
11,231,684
7,863,711
NA
28,988,635
28,073,797
26,027,122
NA
13,453,310
17,351,138
19,871,561
NA
12,991,668
14,313,676
12,100,977
NA
8,220
15,900
14,600
NA
207,215
237,484
230,113
NA
7,250,217
4,233,572
4,137,812
NA
Total
On-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
4,150
5,150
5,200
NA
342,033,204
305,211,500
303,240,022
NA
53,1SO,068
42,821,957
72,201,893
NA
1,679,326
1,356,401
1,268,084
NA
20,140,OS3
22,334,310
24,886,662
NA
45,142,641
43,895,250
47,631,607
NA
28,379,690
39,677,173
36,336,761
NA
20,483,791
21,539,360
18,229,214
NA
8,220
15,900
14,600
NA
2,694,001
3,156,559
3,053,041
NA
8,194,553
4,259,852
4,163,876
NA
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
751,987
1,791,982
2,832,926
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
1,605,990
1,017,180
1,084,976
NA
155,710
156,726
174,502
NA
668,897
175,944
351,182
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
17,232
NA
281,520
481,972
1,155,305
NA
Transfer!
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
10,348
1,196
4,310
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
250
NA
589,367
1,367,467
625,394
NA
39,841
46,034
59,459
NA
189,452
103,428
101,775
NA
6,223
4,233
7,239
NA
0
0
0
NA
670
6,380
0
NA
14,010
9,105
96,000
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
1
0
6
74,170
1,011,185
303,388
343,537
2,995,507
0
0
0
0
251
2,654
5,406
6,900
2,803,074
1,726,505
1,119,835
4,925,431
490,834
490,733
360,204
431,010
1,860,389
1,644,237
1,969,037
1,204,786
253,067
238,170
358,585
45,292
0
0
0
0
8,698
25,112
26,914
1,970,910
252,891
126,850
50,800
18,749
Transfers
to POTW*
Pounds
83
95
100
23
567,079
444,899
838,752
3,100,697
16,000
250
296
2,650
1,250
500
1,015
10,727
8,139
2,169
1,922
578,774
762
760
760
180
329,533
418,401
437,920
1,226,573
9,758
2,980
2,242
54,223
0
0
0
0
0
1,350
1,494
2,650
16,109
11,571
16,571
62,000
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
6,639
0
0
5,005
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
21,747
0
0
0
1,926
0
0
0
0
0
0
20,365
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
84
95
106
NA
2,340,599
2,541,465
4,024,530
NA
16,000
250
296
NA
1,501
3,154
6,671
NA
5,028,317
4,113,321
2,832,127
NA
689,073
694,253
594,925
NA
3,048,271
2,342,010
2,859,914
NA
269,048
245,383
368,066
NA
0
0
0
NA
9,368
32,842
45,640
NA
564,530
629,498
1,318,676
NA
Total
ProductioH-
related
Waste
Pounds
4,989
6,090
6,610
NA
411,400,655
374,496,229
367,708,233
NA
54,522,783
44,147,268
73,723,716
NA
1,686,206
1,376,839
1,289,574
NA
26,343,646
27,410,267
29,209,528
NA
48,384,121
47,348,783
51,119,585
NA
41,656,082
52,626,590
50,668,511
NA
25,480,331
26,267,441
23,631,941
NA
11,137
18,809
17,406
NA
2,822,844
3,299,018
3,221,039
NA
9,912,418
5,939,325
6,640,834
NA
Note- Other On-site Waste Management from Section 8 and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding
off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R. Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes Production-related Waste from
Section 8 of Form R (total excludes remedial and catastrophic quantities)
115
-------
Chapter 3 — year-to-year Comparison of TKI Data
Table 3-9. TRl On-site and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
On-sltc Releases
CAS
Number
U97-4S4
7440-47-J
_.
S49-44-2
98941.$
H071464
2S32-4Q.S
81-88-9
3118-97-S
9W6-3
842-07-9
Chcmlci!
* Chlorolhllonil
Chromium
Qnomiua
compounds
C.I, B*sfc Gn«a 4
Cl. Bute Red 1
CLDfacct
Brown 95
CJ, Duperae
Ycltew 3
C.I. Food Rod 15
Cl, Solvent
0f»ie?
C,tSolvo«
¥*Baw3
CLSolveat
YdtowM
Y«r
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
S3
96
9S
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Air
Fugitive or Stacker
NonpototAlr Faint Air
Emissions Emissions
Founds Pounds
12,307
4,710
1,472
19,455
353,248
266,162
476,887
369,217
168,943
175,001
174,954
257, US
0
0
0
500
0
0
4
No reports received
No feponi received
0
No sepofls received
No icpoitt received
392
450
2S8
398
0
0
0
250
No reports received
No «5»rts received
0
No reports received
Mo reports teccived
0
No reports received
2SO
No reports Medvect
No reports received
No repoEts teceived
0
3,423
2,730
2,668
9,021
135,244
347,460
166,222
195,579
237,261
405,230
367,968
S05.795
S
5
10
250
0
0
4
0
60
0
0
0
0
a
0
0
0
0
0
0
Surface
Water
Discharges
Founds
22
35
21
2SO
574,092
17,731
20,745
75,192
137,319
137,235
159,649
326,027
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
28
27
26
302
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
0
9
33
48
2,249
37,422
60,747
38,061
52,653
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
On-site
Land
Releases
Pounds
1,670
750
250
0
765,351
1,114,860
1,174,905
9.280.S57
26,134,671
21,445,118
21,428,384
38,934,406
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
17,422
8,225
4,411
28,726
1,827,944
1,746,246
1,838,8,07
9,923,094
26,715,616
22,223,331
22,169,016
32,075,996
5
5
10
750
0
0
8
0
480
477
264
700
0
0
0
250
0
0
250
0
Off-site
Releases
Transfer*
Off-site to
Disposal
Pound*
253,395
97,420
227,473
396,274
4,985,681
4,790,613
4,955,330
10,442,553
11,759,262
16,823,294
11,131,091
11,539,547
0
0
0
250
668
668
668
0
594
1,061
2,597
899
0
0
0
0
350
0
0
0
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pound*
270,817
105,645
231,884
425,000
6,813,625
6,536,859
6,794,137
20,365,649
38,474,878
39,046,625
33,300,107
43,615,543
5
S
10
1,000
668
668
676
0
1,074
1,538
2,861
1,599
0
0
0
250
350
0
250
0
Hole; Do« not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hytoohlonc acid, and sutfone
acid. On-sltc Releases from Section S and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R. Breakdown of Underground
Injection and On-site Land Releases (for RCSA Subtitle C landfills) began in 1996 reporting year,
116
-------
Chapter 3 — year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, and Total Production-
related Waste, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
Chemical
Chlorothaloail
Chromium
Chromium
compounds
C I Basic Green 4
C.I Basic Red 1
C I Direct
Brown 9S
C I Disperse
Yellow 3
C I Food Red 15
C.I. Solvent
Orange?
C I Solvent
YellowS
C 1 Solvent
Yellow 14
Yew
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Energy
Recycled Recovery
On-site On-site
Pounds Pounds
5,208 0
5,339 0
5,243 0
NA NA
30,287,624 34,195
29,870,462 9,781,278
39,401,588 59,818
NA NA
25,668,394 27,254
36,671,498 44,280,
36,200,636 65,702
NA NA
0 0
0 0
0 0
NA NA
0 0
0 0
0 0
No reports received
No reports received
0 0
No reports received
No reports received
0 0
0 0
0 0
NA NA
0 0
0 0
0 0
NA NA
No reports received
No reports received
450 0
No reports received
No reports received
0 0
No reports received
NA NA
No reports received
No reports received
No reports received
NA NA
Treated
On-site
Pounds
25,902
24,716
4,823
NA
317,369
398,204
585,749
NA
5,417,810
94,214,040
78,535,679
NA
100
110
0
NA
0
0
0
0
0
1,061
2,496
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
NA
NA
Total
On-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
31,110
30,0,55
10,066
NA
30,639,188
40,049,944
40,047,155
NA
31,113,458
130,929,818
114,802,017
NA
100
110
0
NA
0
0
0
0
0
1,061
2,496
NA
0
0
0
NA
450
0
NA
NA
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
148
0
0
NA
82,655,975
95,324,323
109,947,008
NA
31,270,685
37,281,624
39,195,007
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
NA
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
0
2,564
15
NA
1,109
131,060
26,534
NA
55,259
70,227
67,481
NA
0
0
0
NA
40
250
114
0
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
NA
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
274,590
141,072
7,551
3,660
643,205
2,323,968
493,291
1,218,879
3,327,978
3,188,159
4,870,079
2,660,432
11,499
499
499
0
248
250
132
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
1,459
1,264
505
541
49,915
50,626
73,730
414,983
247,125
308,616
356,674
1,678,116
0
0
0
1,320
15
250
274
5
5,891
5,194
2,488
0
5
5
0
0
284
0
0
0
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
0
5,441
5
88,015
816,778
0
32,950
0
414,494
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
'
0
0
0
Total
Off-site
Wast*
Manage-
ment
Pounds
276,197
144,900
8,071
NA
83,355,645
97,829,982
110,628,578
NA
34,901,047
40,881,576
44,489,241
NA
r 11,499
499
499
NA
303
750
520
5
5,891
5,194
2,488
NA
5
5
0
NA
284
0
NA
NA
Total
Produclion-
related
Waste
Pounds
568,381
274,594
248,875
NA
124,633,699
145,601,783
160,288,818
NA
105,639,489
212,626,985
192,739,335
NA
609
619
509
NA
971
1,011
960
0
6,960
7,fi60
7,840
NA
0
0
0
NA
1,084
0
NA
NA
Note: Other On-site Waste Management from Section 8 and Transfers Off-i!te for Farther Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding
off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes. Production-related Waste from
Section 8 of Form R (total excludes remedial and catastrophic quantities)
117
-------
It]
Chapter 3-
m
• Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
Git-slte Releases
CAS
Number Chemicii!
7440.41-4 Cobilt
— Cobilt compounds
7440.30-S * Copper
— Copper compounds
1 20-7 1-1 p-Crstidtae
JOS-39-4 * m-CMwl
95.48.? o-Cretol
106-44-5 p-Ctcjol
1319-77-3 Cruot (mixed
iiomcn)
95,32-S Cumcr.c
8SM5-9 Ouncoe
hydroperaxide
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
8S
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
$8
96
95
94
88
Fugitive or
Nonpotut Air
Emissions
Pounds
19,372
13,903
21,931
22,439
3,994
5,948
10,723
11,081
4,316,839
459,847
408,423
320,707
1,198,319
1,498,263
3,240,343
2,336,180
1.66S
1,706
SSI
5,400
20,830
28,042
35,097
5,860
1,998
4,077
12,085
45,557
24,607
26,764
34,350
6.2S6
284,120
339,937
359,443
400,427
565,522
710,170
835,164
2,160,167
35,755
51,819
78,772
178,787
Air
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
13,129
21,333
23,629
21,566
26,931
22,388
22,295
45,329
707,505
742,889
789,551
1,204,354
666,754
1,185,959
2,152,773
821,017
1,800
2,900
130
1,680
20,394
19,958
18,973
12,572
6,293
8,348
3,359
44,236
17,189
18,669
31,783
634,417
1,398,346
1,266,623
1,447,089
378,678
1,008,756
1,158,941
l,23fi,S77
3,079,791
11,241
21,079
57,806
13,736
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
4,330
17,295
6,824
16,744
27,960
70,392
106,479
63,662
46,778
43,233
SS.980
115,631
62,013
84,849
85,954
185,292
0
0
81
250
1,63$
1,675
4,072
283
845
82
1,990
448
82J
1,066
2,020
1,143
10,114
15,011
11,607
6,764
1,042
1,490
6,369
3,201
26
68
176
1,784
0ndergr
-------
Chapters— year-to-year Comparison ofTRIData
Table 3-9. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, and Total Production-
related Waste, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
Chemical ^
Cobalt
Cobalt compounds
Copper
Copper compounds
p-Gresidme
m-Cresol
o-Cresol
p-Cresol
Cresol {muted
iwmeis)
Cumese
Cuiseae
hy&operoxide
i&s
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
9S
94
88
96
95
94
88
Recycled
On-slte
Pounds
3,778,210
3,573,917
3,129,055
NA
215,762
222,882
524,605
NA
737,221,219
637,552,730
62l.43S.S03
NA
189,656,521
215,008,080
259,442,385
NA
0
0
0
NA
2,104,414
2,309373
2,204,055
NA
97,068
171,098
178,409
NA
90,880
137,136
169,555
NA
502,345
1,052,270
1,680,845
NA
16,061,751
17,285,493
14,355,165
NA
0
0
0
NA
Energy
Recovery
Gn-site
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
123,097
506
1,000
NA
59
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
789,240
615,425
578,235
NA
299,260
304,801
486,957
NA
430,589
454,288
518,695
NA
4,573,476
5,045,270
4,071,623
NA
9,440,085
6,815,013
5,680,434
NA
0
0
0
NA
Treated
On-tite
Pounds
147,007
379,265
165,446
NA
1,107,761
1394,877
713,923
NA
41,621,864
42,497,780
35,342,238
NA
5,817,034
60,463,597
164,445,063
NA
0
0
1,063
NA
229,581
329,024
250,558
NA
196,840
184,032
170,623
NA
468,502
226,234
170,207
NA
14,730,070
8,558,967
7,757^85
NA
38,743,335
6,951,773
7,480,372
NA
543,481
482,755
796,774
NA
Total
Qn-stte
Wwte
Manage-
ment
Pounds
3,925,217
3,953,182
3,294,501
NA
1,323.523
1,617,759
1,238,528
NA
778,966,180
680.0JI.016
656,779,141
NA
195,473,614
275,471,677
423,887,448
NA
0
0
1,063
NA
3,123,235
3,253,822
3,032,848
NA
593,168
659,931
835,989
NA
989,971
817,658
858,457
NA
19,805,891
14,656,507
13,510,053
NA
64,245,171
31,052,279
27,515,971
NA
543,481
482,755
796.T74
NA
Transfer*
to Recycling
Pounds
6,699,148
9,962,672
9,140,34?
NA
1,940,354
1333,439
1,472,975
NA
539,187,912
535,501,327
549,481,338
NA
194,626,529
185,233,297
150^29,819
NA
0
0
0
NA
820,576
1,503,813
684,191
NA
8
3,888
4,178
NA
500,574
900,001
450,009
NA
388,055
187,657
337,998
NA
153,825
57,755
96,410
NA
0
0
0
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Eecovery
Pounds
0
10
5
NA
2,020
1,854
1,893
NA
63,810
45,426
38,402
NA
19,948
26,764
64,615
NA
0
0
0
NA
38,925
17,854
21,207
NA
53,235
320
11,520
NA
115,535
58,381
44,592
NA
558,963
597,791
577,12*
NA
1,191,125
1,381,089
627,988
NA
12
6
738
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
21,256
21,575
848,470
27,673
105,173
83,042
112,921
88,079
1,224,559
1,155,022
1,141,554
4,066,439
1,884,588
2,020,510
2,149,528
5,931,794
1,600
13,000
2,200
0
24,217
81,671
48,433
125,737
12,421
34,578
27,062
75,565
2030S
54,724
32,831
26377
274,727
1,082327
257,485
847,303
88,661
146,451
186,863
126382
1,937
4,062
2,353
2,572
Other
Transfers Off-site
toPOTWs Transfers
Pounds Pounds
6,533 47,000
17,095 0
21,855 0
8,843 27,823
7,433 0
8,063 0
8,446 5,949
28^69 263
370317 1,004
197,633 500
141.219 8,274
313,756 1,568,263
156,261 17,159
164,003 505
148,183 199,764
437,156 1,670,071
38,697 0
41,611 0
0
37,750 0
3,261 0
7,837 0
14,624 0
7,165 0
41,234 0
85,123 0
99,457 0
40,703 2,500
388390 0
931,786 0
1,723,189 0
744,568 250
61307 0
79,401 , 0
62,226 0
358,242 8,738
29,547 0
26,657 0
24,194 0
203,279 0
175,887 0
17343 0
768 0
5,250 0
Total
Off-lite
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
6,7J3,937
10,001352
10,010,677
NA
2,054,980
1,626,398
1,602,184
NA
540,847,602
536,899,908
550,810,787
NA
196,704,485
187,445,079
152,791,909
NA
40,297
54,611
31,096
NA
886,979
1,611,175
768,455
NA
106,898
123,909
142,217
NA
1,024,807
1,944,892
2,250,621
NA
1,283,052
1,947,076
1,234,835
NA
1,463,158
1,611,952
935,453
NA
177,836
21,411
3,859
NA
Total
ProducHon-
retattd
Waste
Pounds
11312,611
15,934,148
15,867,916
NA
4,221,216
3,800,271
3,493,602
NA
1,353,885321
1,241,896,665
1,219,890,870
NA
456,506,872
515,268,856
655,687,102
NA
44,162
58,417
36,114
NA
4,578,595
5,600,600
4,441,965
NA
1,152,884
1,392,082
1,663,266
NA
2,335,909
3,154,982
3,487,312
NA
23,349,769
18,828,100
17,325,871
NA
67,186,433
34,711,941
30,693309
NA
1,016,533
938,956
1,298,297
NA
Note Otfcer Oil-site Waste Management from Section 8 and Transfers Off-site for Farther Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding
off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers repotted without valid waste management codes. Production-related Waste from
Section 8 of Form R (total excludes remedial and catastrophic quantities)
119
-------
Chapter 3 — year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
On-site Releases
CAS
Number
135-20-6
_
11042.?
94.7S-7
U6J-19.S
41S-OS-4
39 ISM 1-7
101-SO-4
9J.SO-7
2S376-4S-8
132-64-9
Chemk»t
Cupfenon
Cy*nlde compound!
Cyctohex*na
* 2,4-D (Mrtfe actiQ
Dcctbfomodiphcilyl
oxide
2,^-Dlir,litKwniMk
2,+-Diaraioo«nijok
jutttte
4,4'-Di«iaino-
dlplitnyt eiher
2,4»DiitaiRs£oluene
Dhminotolneoe
(Mixed ijonsers)
DJbeazofiMia
You-
96
95
94
St
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
9$
94
88
96
95
94
8*
96
95
94
28
96
95
94
88
96
9S
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Air
Fugitive or Stock or
N'onpolnt Air Point Air
Emissions Emissions
Pounds Pounds
0
0
2
140
125,836
168,727
125,281
525,618
• 2,964,37? 3
3,496,665 4
3,567,580 5
5,278,415 8
2,218
2,580
5,797
3,289
13,728
17,378
16,151
7,500
No isjxjtte received
No reports received
Ho reports received
0
No reports received
No reports fteeived
No reports received
0
9
S
14
0
211
250
250
2,900
10,404
4,372
15,213
15,202
22,012
12,284
15,416
46,687
0
0
9
780
723,335
905,434
901,153
721,774
,851,714
,590,835
,164,858
,706,227
3,771
4,308
3,772
3,731
31,880
21,905
153,971
22,104
0
0
7
18
102
216
1,364
2SO
1,767
88
6,845
5,222
6,500
5,895
17,242
6,420
9,070
24,406
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
0
0
0
0
107,054
89,466
102,633
195,244
23,595
19,108
32,012
20,071
832
1,083
133
549
3,fi75
3,846
1,958
500
0
0
182
359
1,653
585
0
0
0
250
590
5,522
3,666
3,288
62
2,843
41
1,510
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
0
3,477,384
4,429,640
3,239,4 Ig
3,707,326
314,855
238,200
192,40»
334,471
0
250
250
3,789
0
11
40
292
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7,600
7,050
7,700
174,000
0
0
0
0
On-stte
Land
B«teases
Pounds
0
0
0
0
76,101
18,580
13,955
107,208
5,552
10,809
18,138
38,190
255
4,325
300
38,000
200,838
201,698
298, J91
21,450
0
0
0
0
12
0
0
0
0
0
10
55
57
295
265
220
1,589
9,929
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
0
0
11
920
4,509,710
5,611,847
4,382,440
5,257,170
7,160,093
8,355,617
8,974,997
14,377,374
7,076
12,546
10,252
49,358
250,121
244,838
470,311
51,846
0
0
198
382
1,781
801
1,575
500
2,017
3,238
25,449
22,221
33,136
198,680
39,581
21,767
26,116
82,532
Off-site
Releases
Transfer*
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
0
0
0
0
95,181
149,438
142,896
581,430
107,106
105,429
25,359
211,575
6,017
17,430
96,785
68,422
620,047
686,811
990,381
555,181
0
0
53
120
122
142
0
0
0
0
23,286
28,625
9,719
289,591
28,986
19,824
26,616
181,799
Total
On- and
Off-slfe
Releases
Pounds
0
0
11
920
4,604,891
5,761,285
4,525,336
5,838,600
7,267,199
8,461,046
9,000,356
14,588,949
13,093
29,976
107,037
117,780
870,168
931,649
1,460,692
607,027
0
0
251
502
1,903
943
1,575
500
2,017
3,238
48,735
50,846
42,855
488,271
68,567
41,591
52,732
264,331
Note: Does not include delated chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, ataamnim oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulftone
acid. O«-sltc Releases from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section. 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Breakdown of Undergrouad
iqjcclion; and On-site Land Releases (for RCRA Subtitle C landfills) began in 1996 feporttng year
*Pc«ieJdc
120
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, and Total Production-
related Waste, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
Chemical Year
~upferron
Cyanide compounds
Cyclohexane
2,4-D (acetic acid)
Decabromodiphenyl
oxide
2,4-Diammoamsole
2,4-Diaminoanisote
sulfate
4,4'~Diamfflo»
diphenyl ether
2,4-DiammotoIuene
Diammotoluene
(mixed isoraers)
Dibenzofuran
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Energy
Recycled Recovery
On-site On-site
Pounds Pounds
0 679
0 0
0 0
NA NA
588,476 120,114
664,976 19,000
720,386 54,000
NA NA
61,438,279 8,021,506
54,772,521 10,345,060
61,583,742 14,348,519
NA NA
78,758 0
29,200 0
66,526 0
NA NA
902,477 0
992,673 0
1,049,121 0
NA NA
No reports received
No reports received
No reports received
NA NA
No reports received
No reports received
No reports received
NA NA
0 0
0 0
11,210 0
NA NA
0 0
0 0
0 0
NA NA
0 4,731,680
0 755,917
0 3,218,550
NA NA
183,852 190
74,646 113
93,923 11,000
NA NA
Treated
On-site
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
10,946,174
9,103,523
11,905,939
NA
33,944,668
23,801,493
18,729,599
NA
25,360
23,780
16,416
NA
48,973
32,138
32,504
NA
NA
NA
140
4,929
J5.028
NA
66,836
7,192
23,406
NA
442,162
362,357
1,204,855
NA
491,323
405,125
56,711
NA
Total
On-lite
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
679
0
0
NA
11,654,764
9,787,499
12,680,325
NA
103,404,4S3
88,919,074
94,661,860
NA
104,118
52,980
82,942
NA
951,450
1,024,811
1,081,625
NA
NA
NA
140
4,929
26,238
NA
66,836
7,192
23,406
NA
5,173,842
1,118,274
4,423,405
NA
675,365
479,884
161,634
NA
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
31,823
25,208
26,218
NA
507,862
1,589,125
1,532,896
NA
0
0
0
NA
117,679
139,936
169,003
NA
NA
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
321
NA
4,601
27,735
26,485
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
0
0
17,811
NA
22
3,523
8,094
NA
2,657,437
16,825,499
2,689,551
NA
0
0
0
NA
4,881
18,826
30,860
NA
NA
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
480
NA
2,712,895
386,996
354,950
NA
500
270
0
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
90
5,648
0
4,275
404,941
481,387
417,807
1,964,387
1,800,730
1,058,702
2,416,126
2,691,889
31,635
31,590
45,410
23,335
53,022
64,977
64,923
76,150
0
0
9,975
380,169
9,574
0
279
29,774
64,350
0
219,120
1,925,458
507,953
456,114
132
42
135
51,985
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
0
0
78
780
236,134
230,705
164,436
1,162,387
8,400
5,022
17,888
146,667
263
20
38
27,952
265,560
249,108
396,137
19,090
250
250
5
5
10
179
0
0
0
1,200
95,849
8,720
160,640
2,951
500
503
508
47,726
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
500
9,104
150,909
6,909
0
0
37,400
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,284
0
0
•o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
250
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
90
5,648
17,889
NA
672,920
741,323
625,659
NA
4,981,338
19,478,348
6,656,461
NA
31,898
31,610
45,448
NA
441,142
472,847
660,923
NA
NA
NA
9,980
380,174
9,584
NA
279
29,774
64,830
NA
3,027,864
2,321,174
1,023,864
NA
5,733
28,550
27,128
NA
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
769
5,648
17,900
NA
16,757,529
16,220,623
17,702,907
NA
116,046,627
105,309,693
109,849,256
NA
138,148
105,065
170,498
NA
2,260,569
2,426,235
2,995,825
NA
NA
NA
10,360
385,595
37,711
NA
68,690
37,621
90,280
NA
9,117,854
3,476,562
5,492,594
NA
738,244
544,075
232,573
NA
Note Other On-site Waste Management from Section 8 and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding
off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes Production-related Waste from
Section 8 of Form R (total excludes remedial and catastrophic quantities)
121
-------
Chapters— Vear-fo-Year Comparison ofTRIData
Table 3-9, TR1 On-site and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
On-site Releases
CAS
dumber Chemical
fftjS Q"X A 1 "5 rSlf»w«»M«»*J,**i»
JWQ*V^*^ l,fc*WlurOII*wC4il8Iic
$1-74-2 DJhutyl phlh»taic
9S«50* 1 I |2*J3icItl9i'8l?G &zc we
J41-73-1 1,3-DteWorabenzcne
104-46-7 * M-DichlorateiBene
25321-22-G DieWoroben»ne
(nixed Comets)
91-94-1 3,3'-Dfchloro-
beazieHne
7S-J7-4 DlcUotobroma-
tstethuse
107-06.2 1,2-Dichlorocth.nc:
$40.59-0 1,2-DteMwoethylene
75-09-1 DkhlocoBWftane
Ytar
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
St
96
9S
94
88
96
95
94
SS
9«
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
9S
94
88
96
95
94
88
Fiigltheor
Nonpolnt Air
Emissions
Pounds
6,503
7,858
11,417
34,119
10,300
24,984
27,787
169,836
186,171
151,821
98,285
20S.OT2
1,743
2,975
1,565
5,782
93,651
118,239
114,935
103,870
239
210
316
20,169
I
S
5
250
0
0
0
13,440
434,047
S82.S89
667,791
1.574.32S
3,075
3,907
7,796
16,552
21,519,922
23,064,126
2S.3S0.704
49,679,087
Air
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
2,207
4,514
3,995
29,223
74,826
99,248
65,298
34,222
101,181
119,701
147,364
324,463
3,375
4,553
8,207
9,500
142,851
126,323
142,276
1,787,549
13,808
5,233
3,726
143,515
1
6
5
5
2,400
2,300
0
0
610,525
651,808
1,204,381
3,040,854
5,119
4,620
7,813
109,926
31,900,543
34,905,022
38^17,450
79,480,442
Surface
Water
Discharges
Founds
7
306
2,788
1,011
452
3,981
2,327
14,339
5,324
3,789
2,812
11,624
897
S2«
547
1,281
1,881
1,287
1,595
6,153
0
0
0
40
0
0
0
752
0
0
0
0
1,848
5,194
7,501
40,527
S7
270
23
95
10,060
28,620
52,289
349,960
Underground
Injection
Founds
24
0
12
6,882
180,000
390,000
280,000
350,000
4,900
26,000
2,900
20,000
0
0
0
0
2,000
0
2,000
4,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,126
24,339
34,29«
1,452,084
0
0
0
0
749,507
1,140,335
960,942
1,478,833
On-site
Land
Releases
Pounds
1
256
S25
259
313
1,402
750
6.39S
384
11,52!
24,287
I3.S54
0
0
0
0
480
3,100
1,100
1,300
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
110
50
0
0
25,250
256
15
2,166
0
0
0
1
4,957
2,064
50,845
157,156
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
8,742
12,934
18,537
71,494
265,891
519,615
376,162
574,792
297,960
312,832
275,648
575,513
6,015
8,054
10,319
16,563
240,863
248,949
261,906
1,902,872
14,047
5,443
4,042
163,724
2
it
10
1,007
2,510
2,330
0
13,440
1,076,796
1,264,186
1,913,984
6,109,956
8,231
8,797
15,632
126,574
54,184,989
59,140,167
64,632,230
131,145,478
Offrslte
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pound*
0
3
251
27,924
25,217
25,920
68,502
113,068
17,759
28,228
38,095
38,266
0
0
0
290
0
3,328
0
750
10
9
9
19,672
5,550
2,400
1,255
209,785
0
0
0
0
91,249
23,671
75,642
166,131
0
0
6
87,614
116,409
176,467
314,976
10,154,983
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
8,742
12,937
18,788
99,418
291,108
545,535
444,664
687,860
315,719
341,060
313,743
613,779
6,015
8,054
10,319
16,853
240,863
252,277
261,906
1,903,622
14,057
5,452
4,051
183,396
5,552
2,411
1,265
210,792
2,510
2,350
0
13,440
1,168,045
1,287,857
1,989,626
6,276,087
8,231
1,797
15,638
214,188
54,301,398
59,316,634
64,947,206
141,300,461
Note; Doc* not include deleted chemicals, chemicals added fa 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and
seid, 0n-slte Rclcwcs fto« Section S and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Breakdown of Underground
Md Oa-stfe Land Releases (for RCRA Subtitle C landfills) began m 1996 repotting year.
122
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, and Total Production-
related Waste, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
Chemical
1,2-Dibromoethane
DibatylpWalate
1 ,2-DichIorobeszeae
1,3-DieUorobenzeae
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
Dichlorobenzene
(mixed isomers)
3,3'-DiclilQH)-
benztdune
Dichlorobromo-
methane
1,2-Dichloroeltane
1,2-DichIoroethylene
Dichloromethane
Year
96
95
94
S3
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
S8
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
0
0
3,015
NA
46,139
51,458
41,908
NA
6,431,032
5,527,161
4,477,061
NA
1,793
5,068
823
NA
4,249,806
5,355,345
5,373,248
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
47,818,476
59^14,824
33,973,210
NA
620,000
310,000
510,000
NA
112,064,937
84,921346
60,311,603
NA
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
0
60
1,800
NA
333,566
1,060,538
281,706
NA
612,089
344,610
303,389
NA
0
0
44,000
NA
354,424
42,157
19,398
NA
595,086
266,997
20,649
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
49,048,528
32,517,232
32,728,879
NA
1,560,000
2,871,400
2,426,000
NA
5,598,974
5,240,223
12,358,018
NA
Treated
On-site
Pounds
11,202
34,174
13,532
NA
121,193
314,761
146,432
NA
318,912
172,717
168,885
NA
9
10
14
NA
130,406
73,030
26,180 _
NA
260,043
79,032
26,032
NA
6,000
14,000
19,435
NA
0
0
0
NA
48,491,110
74,728,291
64344,004
NA
1,828,252
4,680,089
4,430,024
NA
23,207,510
25,514,607
18,985,711
NA
Total
On-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
11,202
34,234
20,347
NA
500,898
1,426,757
470,046
NA
7,362,033
6,044,488
4,949,335
NA
1,802
5,078
44,837
NA
4,734,636
5,470,532
5,418,826
NA
855,129
346,029
46,681
NA
6,000
14,000
19,435
NA
0
0
0
NA
145,358,114
166,560,347
131,046,093
NA
4,008,252
7,861,489
7,366,024
NA
140,871,421
115,677,176
91,655,332
NA
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
0
0
116
NA
13,360
26,704
23,901
NA
2,890,994
3,626,506
2,518,203
NA
884
1,130
7,632
NA
0
35,020
7,531
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
16,957,172
15,120,314
15,625,934
NA
3,109
6,200
2,400
NA
11,799,944
14,298,727
20,830,237
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
3,301
18
2
NA
139,274
175,700
239,872
NA
587,976
767,516
777,347
NA
0
0
0
NA
12,038
7,081
2,730
NA
13,115
5,175
2,566
NA
0
22,000
12,000
NA
0
0
0
NA
1,085,108
592,769
636,747
NA
0
0
26,100
NA
3,005,556
3,344,770
3,780,724
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
27,431
72,467
73,737
5,937
108,022
104,738
159,366
157,156
2,685,125
2,658,651
2,153,033
1,947,856
1,489
3,102
1,858
250
509,105
624,348
272,784
138,132
20,133
3,684
211
104,706
46,000
1,600
14,500
14,420
0
0
0
0
926,243
1,953,356
1,180,057
1,617,555
8,701
2,234
28
125,744
1 I,903,fi67
10,893,108
11,515,906
11,198,082
Other
Transfers Off-site
toPOTWs Transfers
Pounds Pounds
0 0
5 0
0 0
253 0
6,323 0
5,294 0
4,228 0
36,523 1,618
4368 , 0
6,481 0
20,607 0
64,118 53,683
796 0
1,401 0
0 0
40 0
79 0
5 0
3,303 0
37,997 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
182,663 0
250 0
250 0
260 0
617 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
6,369 0
12,846 0
11,853 0
1,477,242 228,000
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
640,294 1,815,884
799,579 2,140
824,947 6,817
1,831,154 1,089,604
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
30,732
72,490
73,855
NA
266,979
312,436
427,367
NA
6,168,463
7,059,154
5,469,190
NA
3,169
5,633
9,490
NA
521,222
666,454
286,348
NA
33,248
8,859
2,777
NA
46,250
23,850
26,760
NA
0
0
0
NA
18,974,892
17,679,285
17,454,591
NA
11,810
8,434
28,528
NA
29,165,345
29338,324
36,958,631
NA
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
50,530
118,458
90,170
NA
1,057,185
2,145,916
1,327,615
NA
13,824,617
12,774,401
10,708,752
NA
11,002
18,437
63,976
NA
5,496,709
6,390,445
5,925,804
NA
902,613
360330
53,003
NA
57,400
40,301
47,106
NA
2,500
2300
0
NA
165,469,049
187,166,011
150,452,423
NA
4,051,845
7,878334
7,409,648
NA
223,690,940
204,254,965
198,579,448
NA
Note Other On-site Waste Management from Section 8 and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding
off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes Production-related Waste from
Section 8 of Form R (total excludes remedial and catastrophic quantities)
123
-------
Chapters— Year-to- Year Comparison ofTRlData
Table 3-9. TRI On-slte and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
On-sile Releases
CAS
Number
120.83-2
f|.87.S
$«-?$.«
62.73-7
115-32-2
IIM2.2
II7.SI-7
44.67-5
115.90-4
I21-S9-7
1 19-93-7
Chcmlctl
2,4-DiehloropteBot
1,2-Dkiitorepropne
* 1,3-DKblMO-
propylene
* DtchlOTVM
* Dfeofol
Dicihjnobramc
DM2-cthyUttxyl)
phtlialitc
Methyl silfate
3,3*-Dhnsl!M»ty-
beniidine
N.N-Dimethylimlfne
3,3'«Dlmeihyl»
benzidme
Ye«r
96
95
94
$8
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
9$
94
88
96
95
94
as
96
95
94
S3
96
95
94
88
96
91
94
88
96
95
94
83
96
9S
94
88
S«
95
94
SB
Air
Furtive or Stoekor
NoupointAlr Point Air
Emission Emissions
Pounds Pounds
2,705
3,113
3,045
S3S
224,371
235,605
303,857
315,478 1
8.6S6
20,801
21,509
39,790
5
5
768
1,050
460
500
255
593
331,728
272,197
193.55S
443,507
80,785
196,105
130,493
181,545 1
3,024
S.846
6.30S
8,436
0
0
3
Ho reports received
17,736
7,200
5,441
18,448
3
No reports received
No reports received
No reports received
412
407
794
868
290,057
380,865
405,690
,079,826
761
10,466
3,161
14,800
250
250
513
0
0
250
0
750
144,835
87.9JO
99,981
198,081
383,644
337,990
332,268
,035,768
184
132
622
2,191
0
0
0
48,557
27,212
16,651
80,457
3
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
53
245
61
107
1,855
4,344
3,609
23,785
1,270
193
86
250
5
5
$
0
0
0
0
0
165,714
302,582
222,337
438,213
274
867
957
2,776
0
0
10
0
0
0
s
128
388
584
19,967
25
Underground
Injection
Pounds
15,390
15,900
10,860
17,700
0
0
215
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
16,211
18,502
81,164
238,317
0
0
0
3,091
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Otnite '
Land
Releases
Pounds
0
0
0
2
ISO
20
12
3,400
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
42,170
40,399
169,713
133,456
70,311
19,705
5,308
20,748
0
0
5
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
Total
Oil-site
Releases
Pounds
18,560
19,725
14,760
19,212
516,433
620,834
713,383
1,422,489
10,717
31,460
24,75fi
$4,840
260
260
1,286
l.OSO
460
750
255
1,343
700,658
721,610
766,753
1,451,574
535,014
554,667
469,026
1,243,928
3,208
S.978
6,942
10,877
0
0
8
66,421
34,800
22,676
119,122
31
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-sKe to
Disposal
Pounds
0
0
1,815
350
5,330
1,364
699
1,131
0
0
0
0
1,228
250
7,037
SOS
250
250
0
15,786
82.J06
453,857
345,062
372,707
1,762,843
2,995,108
1,985,373
3,629,163
47
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
435
0
772
229
Total
On- and
Off-Site
Releases
Pounds
18,560
19,725
16,57$
19,562
521,763
622,198
714,082
1,423,620
10,717
31,460
24.7S6
54,840
1,488
310
8,323
1,555
710
1,000
255
17,129
782,764
1,175,467
1,111,815
1,824,281
2,297,857
3,549,775
2,454,399
4,873,091
3,255
7,228
6,942
10,877
0
0
8
66,421
35,235
22,676
1 19,894
260
Note: Docs not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydroeMonc acid, and sulftmc
acid, On-sUe Releases from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R, Breakdown of Underground
Injcc lion and On-site Land Releases (for RCRA Subtitle C landfills) began in 1996 reporting year,
*F«tk!tfe
124
-------
Chapter 3 — Vear-fo-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9, TRI Other On-site Waste Management, Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, and Total Production-
related Waste, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
Chemical
2,4-DieMoropfaeaol
1,2-Diehkxopfopane
1,3-DsMsro-
piGpylene
0ichlorvos
Dicofol
DiethasotgnMH®
Di-{2-eftylte£yl)
ph&alate
Dietbyl sulfate
33"-DonsfhQxy-
beosidffie
N,N-DuneihyIaailtne
3,3-Bimefiiyl-
beozubnc
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
S8
96
95
94
88
96
95
S4
88
96
95
94
88
96
9S
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
9S
94
88
96
95
94
88
Imergy
Recycled Recovery
On-sitc Oil-site
Pounds Pounds
1,240 3
1,440 3
1,412 0
NA NA
37,213,000 22,580,000
56,000,000 28,380,000
55,000,024 25,700,000
NA NA
3,036,700 14,000,000
4,892,986 11,930,000
2fi,OS7,000 22.SOO.OOO
NA NA
0 0
33 0
80 0
NA NA
19 0
150 0
270 0
NA NA
14,024 56,991
27,718 102,766
38,462 103,860
NA NA
3,346,141 354,639
2,630,089 100,013
3,045,333 150,969
NA NA
0 0
0 0
0 0
NA NA
0 0
0 0
0 0
No reports received
48,000 0
50,535 0
52,500 0
NA NA
0 0
No imports received
No reports received
Ho reports received
Treated
Oil-site
Pounds
420,660
336,936
125,546
NA
5,117,425
11,573,182
20,023,630
NA
573,241
969,916
6,280,671
NA
10
10
63
NA
0
0
0
NA
2,093,114
2,841,679
2,635,988
NA
290,002
557,557
630340
NA
4,621
3370
4,082
NA
0
0
483
6,895
2,154
50,972
NA
2,287
Total
Qtt-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
421,903
338,399
126,958
NA
64,890,425
95,953,182
100,723,654
NA
17,609,941
17,792,902
55,137,671
NA
10
43
143
NA
19
ISO
270
NA
2,164,129
2,972,163
2,778,310
NA
3,990,782
3,287,659
3,826,642
NA
4,621
3,370
4,082
NA
0
0
483
54,895
52,689
103,472
NA
2,287
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
470
5,007
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
92356
155,597
268,541
NA
3,876,237
3,840,273
S.919,351
NA
3,293,130
6,420,000
6,180,000
NA
0
0
0
0
0
0
NA
0
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
0
0
1
NA
4,724
123
1,703
NA
104
250
250
NA
0
0
0
NA
215,991
733,052
432,845
NA
274,610
263,015
284,164
NA
0
415
76
NA
0
0
0
1,087,965
745,704
640,609
NA
0
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
0
0
0
12,559
142
3,591
2,037
3,782
53,855
2,476
11,934
2,738
395
1,000
755
1,011
250
250
250
9,380
356,576
170,817
295,008
733,874
225,525
265,924
213,799
825,367
1.SI1
1,655
1,892
0
0
0
0
80,649
83,476
73,839
465,397
0
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
0
0
0
6
1,513
4,116
253
136,775
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,540,734
1,464,088
1,503,182
2,002,497
21,084
21,170
29,857
169,896
4.28S
3,480
4,565
890
0
0
33
95,542
121,258
145,372
287,483
0
Otter
Off-site
Tr*nifen
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
221,811
0
0
0
117,050
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
OS-lite
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
1,655
7,707
2,291
NA
58,579
3,069
18,644
NA
499
1,250
1,005
NA
250
250
250
NA
2,205,657
2,523,554
2,499,576
NA
4,397,456
4,390,382
4447,171
NA
3,298,929
6,425,550
6,186,533
NA
0
0
33
1,264,156
950,438
859,820
NA
0
Total
Prodiiction-
relatcd
W»te
Pounds
440,459
358,119
139438
NA
65,413,342
96,581,303
101,437,925
NA
17,678,872
17,827,670
55,180,157
NA
!,805
1,426
2,117
NA
329
527
441
NA
5,162,230
6,619,178
5,797,088
NA
10,972,505
11,582,932
12,857,342
NA
3,306,606
6,415,618
6,117,958
NA
0
0
524
1,382,346
1,107,575
1,055,971
NA
2,547
Note Other Oa-fito Waste Management from Seefaoa 8 and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding
off-site transfas to disposal) of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes Production-related Waste from
Section 8 of Form R (total excludes remedial and catastrophic quantities)
125
-------
Chapter 3 — year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI On-slte and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
On-site Releases
CAS
Numbtr
57- 14-7
I0S.57-9
131-11-3
77-78-1
S34-S2-1
51-28-5
121-14-2
606-20-2
123-91-1
J06-39-S
HO-SO-S
Chemical
1,1-Dtaethyl -
hydnzlne
* 2,4-Diractbylphenol
Dimethyl phthalate
Dimethyl sulfatc
4,6-DIni'tro-o-cfeiol
2,4-DinItrophenol
2,4-Dinilrotolucnc
2,fi-Dini!rotoIucnc
1,4-Dioxane
Epichlorohydrm
2-E!haxycthinDl
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
9S
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
FugJUveor
Nonpotnt Air
Emissions
Pounds
259
261
721
2,206
16,838
15,696
17,252
1,661
52,537
116,214
67,703
113,841
4,977
5,154
5,356
9,176
5
20
6
259
151
111
121
12,386
1,888
1,871
1,848
15,533
471
468
503
6,074
41,019
115,046
121,159
361,259
246,061
209,269
271,224
506,142
66,539
88,677
78,298
281,053
Air
Stacker
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
43
38
26
2,117
40,836
37,101
40,496
9,927
101,917
222,873
199,55$
421,215
819
1,278
1,421
1,630
95
125
84
15
31
1
2
8,439
3
3
SI
77,724
1
1
13
81,523
78,937
108,098
109,760
251,374
84,963
112,130
119,913
200,965
125,923
134,263
154,656
2,150,257
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
0
0
0
10
100
33
704
484
551
275
266
4,335
0
1
300
610
0
0
$
266
65,869
2,000
2,312
98,692
349
231
399
12,055
94
126
374
957
226,998
216,689
305,771
203,320
20,735
26,937
3,486
4,917
6
891
104
120,164
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
0
140,000
79,000
64,000
24,703
1,000
1,000
1,200
390
0
0
0
0
0
4,649
0
0
0
0
36,900
86,200
0
0
0
106,400
0
0
0
27,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
68,750
0
0
0
0
On-slte
Land
Releases
Pounds
1
0
0
0
0
5
250
399
8
5
5
504
0
0
0
so
0
0
0
2
0
0
9
257
0
0
0
14,961
0
0
0
0
5,409
5,736
2,266
11,702
2,205
18,874
754
2,524
0
0
2
52
Total
Oil-site
Releases
Pounds
303
299
747
4,333
197,774
131,835
122,702
37,174
156,013
340,367
268,729
540,285
5,796
6,433
7,077
11,466
100
4,794
95
542
66,051
2,112
39,344
205,974
2,240
2,105
2,298
226,673
566
595
890
115,554
352,363
445,569
538,956
827,655
353,964
367,210
395,377
783,298
192,468
223,831
233,060
2,551,526
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
425
5
5
8,855
821
17
1,448
1,500
3,615
2,524
3,802
93,358
0
0
0
0
27,820
7,220
5,953
4fi,648
2
0
70
110,285
0
94
255
124,281
0
0
0
30,882
479,388
352,996
16,115
10,954
4,137
893
183
307
250
12,595
0
71,142
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
728
304
752
13,188
198,595
131,852
124,150
38,674
159,628
342,891
272,531
633,643
5,796
6,433
7,077
11,466
27,920
12,014
6,048
47,190
66,053
2,112
39,414
316,259
2,240
2,199
2,553
350,954
566
595
890
146,436
831,751
798,565
555,071
838,609
358,101
368,103
395,560
783,605
192,718
236,426
233,060
2,622,668
Note: Docs not include delistcd chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfhne
add. On-slte Releases from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Breakdown of Underground
Iry'cetion and Oil-site Land Releases (for RCRA Subtitle C landfills) began in 1996 reporting year
•Pesticide
126
-------
Chapters— year-to-year Comparison ofTRIData
Table 3-9. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, and Total Production-
related Waste, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
Recycled
Chemical Year On-site
Pounds
1,1-Dimethyi
hydrazme
2,4-Dimettylphenol
Dimethyl phthalate
Dimethyl sulfate
4,6-Draitro-o-cresol
2,4-Dmitrophenol
2,4-DimtroEoluene
2,6-Dimtrotoluetie
1,4-Dioxane
Epichlorohydns
2-Ethoxyethanol
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 33,354
95 37,140
94 48,340
88 NA
96 0
95 4,288
94 8,873
88 NA
96 100,000
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 5,592,026
95 74,293
94 117,534
88 NA
96 20,158,532
95 13,263,282
94 6,701,226
88 NA
96 6,210
95 2,300
94 7,000
88 NA
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Founds
9,215
0
0
NA
1,836,216
1,573,273
1,287,320
NA
225,020
253,605
192,701
NA
0
1
3
NA
716,801
452,120
1,057,120
NA
319,777
556,712
276,162
NA
51,527
42,345
992
NA
1,711
6,160
248
NA
3,126,659
1,975,960
1,190,953
NA
5,863,590
4,331,319
432,000
NA
480,076
512,864
622,137
NA
Treated
On-site
Founds
4,237
3,639
2,604
NA
562,773
397,965
334,334
NA
360,632
356,058
437,415
NA
76,354
352,841
209,888
NA
29,000
18,000
13,000
NA
1,207,434
1,160,000
880,000
NA
35,270
27,115
19,715
NA
23,500
9,180
16,626
NA
1,074,367
1,019,104
1,266,311
NA
2,992,084
4,191,552
9,786,735
NA
662,210
1,253,431
736,710
NA
Total
On-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
13,452
3,639
2,604
NA
2,432,343
2,008,378
1,669,994
NA
585,652
613,951
638,989
NA
176,354
352,842
209,891
NA
745,801
470,120
1,070,120
NA
1,527,211
1,716,712
1,156,162
NA
86,797
69,460
20,707
NA
25,211
15,340
16,874
NA
9,793,052
3,069,357
2,574,798
NA
29,014,206
21,786,153
16,919,961
NA
1,148,496
1,768,595
1,365,847
NA
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
0
57
46
NA
58,775
30,368
46,074
NA
0
800
5,276
NA
77,756
171,230
35,803
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
840
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
846
13,524
23,697
NA
2
120
0
NA
22,801
1.71S
304,696
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
7,001
0
0
NA
90,569
50,737
43,599
NA
84,755
70,353
88,147
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
410
74
NA
1
9
0
NA
0
9
1,187
NA
0
1
156
NA
1,371,301
1,196,939
619,260
NA
75,430
170,813
183,888
NA
163,808
178,000
315,815
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
8,806
10
3,308
0
23,610
67,100
28,001
1,250
16,715
52,335
14,290
44,454
0
3
0
0
8,390
12,600
10,186
259,448
0
219
12,375
567,365
0
1,381
0
2,055
26
118
0
703
22,070
87,738
75,289
199,402
1,443,664
994,600
880,789
690,257
82,677
49,982
34,335
366,979
Transfers
toPOTWs
Pounds
0
0
0
0
5,675
6,412
6,161
7,964
53,702
168,561
95,856
508,821
5
0
10
1,000
626
2,127
640
19
0
0
0
1,000
0
0
0
700,000
0
0
0
170,000
160,497
232,060
329,212
203,103
11,471
11,300
38,615
73,385
78,269
389,516
355,198
196,286
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
925
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
15,807
67
3,354
NA
178,629
154,617
123,835
NA
155,172
292,049
203,569
NA
77,761
171,233
35,813
NA
9,016
15,137
10,900
NA
1
228
12,375
NA
840
1,390
1,187
NA
26
119
156
NA
1,554,714
1,530,261
1,047,458
NA
1,530,567
1,176,833
1,103,292
NA
347,555
619,213
1,010,044
NA
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
22,980
4,008
6,716
NA
2,808,945
2,296,426
1,920,163
NA
866,200
1,248,809
1,057,852
NA
259,207
529,610
251,590
NA
762,305
491,860
1,086,866
NA
1,593,115
1,719,044
1,207,928
NA
103,418
73,050
24,192
NA
2S.803
16,054
17,920
NA
12,186,086
5,370,266
4,160,395
NA
30,901,434
23,253,866
18,420,190
NA
1,617,777
2,573,541
2,507,459
NA
Note. Other On-site Waste Management from Section 8 and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding
off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes Production-related Waste ftom
Section 8 of Form R (total excludes remedial and catastrophic quantities)
127
-------
Chapters— year-lo-Year Comparison of TRIData
Table 3-9. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
On-sitc Releases
CAS
Number
UO-SS-5
100") 1-4
54 Ml -3
74-SS-l
107-21-1
UI.SS-4
75-21-8
96-4J-7
2164-17-2
50-00-0
76-13-1
Chemical
Ethyl aciytite
Ethylbcnzcftc
Ethyl cliloroformatc
* Ethylene
Ethylene glycol
Elhylenclmfne
* Eihylene oxfde
Ethjicnc thiourei
* Fluometuroa
* Formaldehyde
rraon 113
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
9S
94
88
96
9S
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
9~5
94
88
Fugitive or
Monpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
88,053
97,225
92,394
126,521
2,487,776
2,696,880
3,310,504
3,210,068
4,295
1,650
3,106
11,880
16,159,552
14,252,193
15,128,256
22,997,664
2,787,138
3,591,238
5,331,705
4,094,037
0
0
0
250
436,537
432,181
401,303
923,731
5
5
5
0
270
275
290
250
1,779,994
1,794,851
1,966,258
3,104,302
992,423
1,676,952
3,602,795
46,974,941
Air
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
98,738
110,219
104,838
119,461
6,902,212
7,506,909
8,778,324
4,508,713
446
370
435
2,023
19,627,812
19,831,923
19,662,090
27,512,725
3,232,634
3,681,932
4,647,882
9,124,302
2
3
0
250
352,902
413,876
327,158
3,708,003
263
520
524
500
717
521
542
250
9,639,206
9,942,916
9,934,767
9,155,886
409,756
931,484
1,738,146
23,407,650
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
199
542
253
1,211
7,080
9,346
10,957
15,970
5
5
5
0
25,228
27,574
27,690
15,214
1,842,307
806,343
831,925
3,747,561
0
0
0
0
4,474
5,225
2,088
44,851
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
320,003
274,073
388,770
904,546
786
3,829
1,504
32,894
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
0
335,932
475,234
633,869
72,914
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
17,203
7,699,484
12,554,675
4,958,550
7,927,570
0
0
0
0
22,200
130,000
8,100
11,125
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9,403,275
7,313,034
7,739,510
9,608,524
0
6
0
5,965
On-sitc
Land
Releases
Pounds
516
523
18
265
61,827
19,174
54,259
175,180
5
5
5
0
8,080
16
0
13,250
429,976
850,294
1,069,218
736,344
0
0
0
0
551
2,208
785
54,700
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1 14,406
132,415
149,116
494,111
0
0
0
27,799
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
187,506
208,509
197,503
247,458
9,794,827
10,707,543
12,787,913
7,982,845
4,751
2,030
3,551
13,903
35,820,672
34,111,706
34,818,036
50,556,056
15,991,539
21,484,482
16,839,280
25,629,814
2
3
0
500
816,664
983,490
739,434
4,742,410
268
525
529
500
987
796
832
500
21,256,884
19,457,289
20,178,421
23,267,369
1,402,965
2,612,271
5,342,445
70,449,249
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
32,734
10,182
20,051
7,UO
95,603
164,501
299,813
421,334
0
0
0
0
10,845
1,771
17
11,432
2,576,966
1,468,773
1,683,636
2,595,526
0
0
0
0
1,048
8,663
5,421
20,663
4,071
16,165
2,819
2,250
2,505
2,355
2,335
3,700
329,509
210,738
249,121
1,409,999
1,147
2,560
20,434
1,924,043
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
220,240
218,691
217,554
254,568
9,890,430
10,872,044
13,087,726
8,404,179
4,751
2,030
3,551
13,903
35,831,517
34,113,477
34,818,053
50,567,488
18,568,505
22,953,255
18,522,916
28,225,340
2
3
0
500
817,712
992,153
744,855
4,763,073
4,339
16,690
3,348
2,750
3,492
3,151
3,167
4,200
21,586,393
19,668,027
20,427,542
24,677,368
1,404,112
2,614,831
5,362,879
72,373,292
Note: Docs not include dclisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric
add. On-sitc Releases from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R. Breakdown of Underground
Injection and On-site Land Releases (for RCRA Subtitle C landfills) began in 1996 reporting year
*Pcstidde
128
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, and Total Production-
related Waste, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
Chemical
Ethyl aery tote
Ethylbenzene
Ethyl chloroformate
Ethyfcne
Ethytaeglycol
Etbyleneimme
EAyteneoxide
Ethylene thioarea
Fluometuroa
Formaldehyde
FreonllS
Recycled
Year On-site
Pounds
96 284,024
95 79
94 119
88 MA
96 33,064,962
95 24.6S7.044
94 19,085,208
88 NA
96 0
9S 0
94 0
88 NA
96 194,529,481
95 196,803,539
94 336,088,862
88 NA
96 378,289,176
95 335,925,025
94 269,678,744
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 114,788
95 124,261
94 2,689,212
88 NA
96 0
95 1
94 0
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 87,248,040
95 75,909,072
94 75,021,993
88 NA
96 692,774
95 2,355.210
94 6,928,804
88 NA
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
7,177,162
8,159,780
7,563,754
NA
31,512,229
40,925,948
37,831,602
NA
0
0
0
NA
490,573,955
489,114,835
622,560,405
NA
6,653,981
5,926,147
15,499,587
NA
0
0
0
NA
28,135
16,940
68,940
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
8,433,075
6,768,162
6,820,638
NA
74,113
0
148,908
NA
Treated
On-site
Pounds
16,524,991
487,840
480,893
NA
60,433,909
23,835,843
16,549,964
NA
11,600
3,300
9,289
NA
483,574,781
495,562,836
379,721,676
NA
57,466,450
65,623,434
63,631,998
NA
22,000
34,000
0
NA
13,246,872
9,641,229
7,616,740
NA
0
1
1
NA
0
0
0
NA
71,530,408
68,561,312
77,569,178
NA
219,059,366
250,260,926
280,047,264
NA
Total
Qn-»ite
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
23,986,177
8,647,699
8,044,766
NA
125,011,100
89,448,835
73,466,774
NA
11,600
3,300
9,289
NA
1,168,678,217
1,181,481,210
1,338370,943
NA
442,409,607
407,474,606
348,810,329
NA
22,000
34,000
0
NA
13,389,795
9,782,430
10,374,892
NA
0
2
I
NA
0
0
0
NA
167,211,523
151,238,546
159,411,809
NA
219,826,253
252,616,136
287,124,976
NA
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
45,497
32,449
46,359
NA
5,339,992
5,076,880
5,021,693
NA
0
0
0
NA
13,317
3
0
NA
110,548,356
128,107,827
121,046,470
NA
0
0
0
NA
6,664
5,205
6,177
NA
2,735
840
780
NA
0
0
0
NA
40,083
57,001
49,281
NA
114,875
890,932
1,953,208
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
792,458
1,392,322
1,613,608
NA
8,905,167
11,536,465
9,077,404
NA
0
0
10
NA
13,028,335
10,615,177
9,961,635
NA
17,019,781
13,213,485
7,687,505
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
1
NA
0
0
0
NA
5
5
0
NA
212,122
436,028
283,343
NA
53,651
101,543
163,558
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
329,056
65,529
50,466
101,345
1,685,706
1,708,445
1,944,638
2,356,770
0
0
761
69,600
1,112,185
2,116,256
25,854
29,887
6,086,887
16,060,644
16,304,972
14,505,355
0
0
0
0
963
786
6,630
1,250
2,815
6,280
8,240
250
14,035
27,300
2,009
19,100
701,402
688,468
710,619
1,326,663
1,074,322
515,135
963,217
4,037,767
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
24,090
29,764
26,959
27,656
76,581
64,976
60,853
511,285
0
0
0
0
261
267
563
250
16,587,111
19,243,543
16,892,568
17,420,231
0
0
0
0
117,227
57,079
103,723
362,521
1
5
5
500
235
225
255
2,300
1,888,772
2,340,020
2,703,261
4,382,254
255
31,220
39,023
104,441
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
250
0
0
750
269,164
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
44,588
0
0
465,625
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
3,580
0
0
0
300,965
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
1,191,101
1,520,064
1,737,392
NA
16,007,446
18,386,766
16,105,338
NA
0
0
771
NA
14,154,098
12,731,703
9,988,052
NA
150,286,723
176,625,499
161,931,515
NA
0
0
0
NA
124,854
63,070
116,531
NA
5,551
7,125
9,025
NA
14,275
27,530
2,264
NA
2,842,379
3,521,519
3,746,504
NA
1,243,103
1,538,830
3,119,006
NA
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
25,394,505
10,350,562
9,921,318
NA
154,127,108
119,133,053
102,493,584
NA
16,271
5,280
13,310
NA
1,216,494,526
1,227,844,079
1,384,679,742
NA
615,585,898
605,522,865
528,313,865
NA
22,002
34,003
0
NA
14,316,592
10,817,831
11,247,215
NA
9,645
23,401
12,205
NA
18,576
22,548
4,840
NA
191,563,245
174,068,150
183,527,799
NA
222,333,621
256,832,833
295,689,092
NA
Note Other On-site Waste Management from Section 8 and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding
off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes Production-related Waste ftom
Section 8 of Form R (total excludes remedial and catastrophic quantities)
129
-------
Chapter 3— Year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TR1 On-site and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
On-site Releases
CAS
Number
_
76-44-S
118-74-1
87-6S-3
77-47-4
67-72-1
302-01-2
10034-93-2
74-90-S
7664-39-3
123-31-9
Chcmlcil
Glycol ethers
* Hcptuchlor
Hexichlorotei«fle
Hcxachloro-
1,3 -butadiene
Hcxachlorocyclo-
pcntadicne
HeKiehtoroethanc
Hydraztne
Hydfizlne sulfate
Hydrogen cyanide
Hydrogen fluoride
liydroquinonc
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
SS
96
95
94
88
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
8,347,921
9,280,583
10,674,431
10,479,172
198
203
830
54,292
115
477
346
3,602
1,374
2,287
1,189
2,043
7,451
8,196
7,675
77,902
2,122
3,097
4,736
2,949
7,797
10,322
11,544
27,510
0
0
0
290
74,893
106,824
73,817
131,604
3,508,122
3,226,504
2,670,376
3,725,362
13,974
14,351
16,200
3,601
Air
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
31,823,871
35,011,350
38,787,593
38,222,062
0
0
0
3
105
89
112
443
1,007
1,023
221
465
S15
115
1,248
415
759
11,454
1,515
16,128
2,646
3,598
4.S47
7,689
0
0
2
882
2,311,807
2,375,132
2,208,809
977,673
8,955,387
7,799,276
5,995,447
11,006,932
14,039
2,999
28,861
6,733
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
143,511
183,996
256,770
284,687
5
6
3
2
274
6,458
269
4
256
661
351
153
0
6
1
6
32
3,330
447
11
23
3
292
2,149
0
0
0
0
105
763
712
2,300
10,691
8,702
14,989
189,928
2,652
S,093
4,457
7,211
Underground
Injection
Pounds
99,208
132,064
128,096
362,198
0
0
0
0
717
480
204
410
952
434
201
220
250
250
250
2,131
2,024
1,378
326
520
0
0
250
0
350,000
260,000
230,000
355,000
528,513
683,154
860,568
1,737,850
2,620
3,845
2,174
250
290,000
340,005
456,762
375,400
On-site
Land
Releases
Pounds
58,625
25,145
50,880
105,185
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o 4
0 '
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
I
250
5
29
29
0
0
0
0
3
3
6
1,761
36,834
24,078
33,443
13,002
0
43
42
530
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
40,473,136
44,633,138
49,897,770
49,453,304
203
209
833
54,297
1,211
7,504
931
4,459
3,589
4,405
1,962
2,881
8,216
8,567
9,174
80,454
4,937
19,259
7,024
19,609
10,716
13,928
16,962
37,377
350,000
260,000
230,002
356,172
2,915,321
3,165,876
3,143,912
2,851,188
12,513,654
11,062,405
8,716,429
14,935,474
320,665
362,491
506,322
393,475
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
653,180
773,959
707,262
1,478,290
0
0
0
0
23,449
6,975
940,478
443,541
310
252
430
19,640
1,000
2,600
0
28,470
471
1,208
352,559
128,504
18,549
23,504
4,600
24,522
0
0
0
0
1,164
326
802
1,001
553,050
1,012,893
761,422
3,467,471
2,628
4,406
3,396
6,835
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
41,126,316
45,407,097
50,605,032
50,931,594
203
209
833
54,297
24,660
14,479
941,409
448,000
3,899
4,657
2,392
22,521
9,216
11,167
9,174
108,924
5,408
20,467
359,583
148,113
29,265
37,432
21,562
61,899
350,000
260,000
230,002
356,172
2,916,485
3,166,202
3,144,714
2,852,189
13,066,704
12,075,298
9,477,851
18,402,945
323,293
366,897
509,718
400,310
Note: Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfune
acid. On-slte Releases from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Breakdown of Underground
Infection and On-sitc Land Releases (for RCRA Subtitle C landfills) began in 1996 reporting year
•Pesticide
130
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, and Total Production-
related Waste, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
Recycled
Chemical Year On-site
Pounds
Glycol ethers
Heptachlor
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachloro-
1,3-butadiene
Hexachlorocyclo-
pentadiene
Hexachloroethane
Hydrazme
Hydrazme sulfate
Hydrogen cyanide
Hydrogen fluonde
Hydroqumone
96 195,662,187
95 197,150,993
94 198,883,751
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 7,100
95 6,200
94 6,700
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 260,000
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 0
95 4,800
94 325,000
88 , NA
96 0
95 300
94 150
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 73,467
95 72,134
94 75,303
88 NA
96 113,956,854
95 92,471,855
94 67,498,455
88 NA
96 962
95 960
94 3,802
88 NA
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
43,392,075
42,745,970
20,308,790
NA
0
0
0
NA
240,000
0
19,398
NA
66,000
133,000
170,000
NA
0
0
0
NA
939,000
1,232,400
199,270
NA
300
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
33,847,854
33,141,239
33,577,954
NA
0
0
37,909
NA
1,298,419
1,000,833
1,068,662
NA
Treated
On-site
Pounds
27,509,395
30,599,270
33,488,218
NA
2,206
3,850
3,900
NA
2,132,566
2,865,008
2,151,738
NA
6,107,496
6,778,662
4,445,710
NA
246,437
272,865
249,000
NA
4,600,732
4,875,108
11,185,582
NA
338,596
42,532
101,373
NA
0
1,900
2,300
NA
27,343,220
25,143,135
21,259,822
NA
102,386,943
102,990,169
116,833,727
NA
388,600
512,185
361,348
NA
Total
On-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
266,563,657
270,496,233
252,680,759
NA
2,206
3,850
3,900
NA
2,379,666
2,871,208
2,177,836
NA
6,173,496
6,911,662
4,875,710
NA
246,437
272,865
249,000
NA
5,539,732
6,112,308
11,709,852
NA
338,896
42,832
101,523
NA
0
1,900
2,300
NA
61,264,541
58,356,508
54,913,079
NA
216,343,797
195,462,024
184,370,091
NA
1,687,981
1,513,978
1,433,812
NA
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
3,320,310
3,595,114
4,282,450
NA
0
0
0
NA
1
1
1
NA
0
13
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
1
57
46
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
300,265
183,734
212,513
NA
0
0
0
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
14,836,166
14,078,617
14,474,545
NA
0
0
0
NA
2,215
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
800
0
1,250
NA
71,034
75,132
61,000
NA
65
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
250
250
250
NA
6,692
9,426
0
NA
a 47,951
37,786
3,900
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
2,299,832
2,959,988
4,307,399
5,797,914
16,073
822
4,300
51,935
42,146
433,736
65,263
521,558
277,522
163,218
60,084
3,513,001
55,082
24,199
27,672
590,845
120,921
107,678
18,745
532,352
1,961
2,551
4,960
36,582
0
0
0
0
3,316
179
770
21,200
2,063,848
2,467,803
2,533,474
2,841,628
99,588
41,092
29,043
303,106
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
11,095,899
10,270,267
11,122,579
8,981,781
32
29
77
37
0
1
250
160
2
2
6
300
1,580
709
1,303
852
0
0
0
260
3,733
4,668
4,960
1,218
0
1,900
2,300
0
1,380
10,124
7,033
337
336,467
384,089
349,379
508,939
32,930
59,568
150,987
512,180
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
2,530
510
14,932
540,276
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
64,252
0
0
0
0
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
31,554,737
30,904,496
34,201,905
NA
16,105
851
4,377
NA
44,362
433,738
65,514
NA
277,524
163,233
60,090
NA
57,462
24,908
30,225
NA
191,955
182,810
79,745
NA
5,760
7,276
9,966
NA
0
1,900
2,300
NA
4,946
10,553
8,053
NA
2,707,272
3,045,052
3,095,366
NA
180,469
138,446
183,930
NA
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
341,156,273
345,892,187
336,725,899
NA
18,514
4,910
9,130
NA
2,448,643
3,318,505
3,184,039
NA
6,455,792
7,081,089
4,937,778
NA
312,981
308,856
287,930
NA
5,736,137
6,326,781
12,157,576
NA
373,612
89,400
131,823
NA
350,000
263,800
234,602
NA
64,188,841
61,508,025
58,042,596
NA
232,944,508
210,446,832
196,597,904
NA
2,189,143
2,001,326
2,122,405
NA
Note Other On-site Waste Management from Section 8 and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding
off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes. Production-related Waste from
Section 8 of Form R (total excludes remedial and catastrophic quantities)
131
-------
lite
Chapter 3 — Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI On-slte and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
On-site Releases
CAS
Number
78-34-2
67-fiJ-O
SQ-QS-7
7439-92- 1
_
5S-S9-9
108-31-6
12427-31-2
7439-96-J
_
Chemical
tsoonfyrildehyde
* Isopropyl alcohol
(manufacturing)
4,4"-Isopropylieiene-
diphcno
Lead
Lead compounds
* Lindane
Malcte taajdrtde
* Maneb
MaBganese**
Manganese
compounds
Year
96
95
94
38
96
95
94
88
96
195
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
FugiHveor
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Founds
106,793
111,667
167,790
178,740
289,954
358,745
288,363
790,482
112,706
1 19,924
137,408
119,870
192,275
341,568
96,752
484,036
434,594
386,089
510,322
355,487
255
255
280
251
65,216
74,881
77,053
126,174
0
5
255
1,000
6,751,776
459,936
570,041
1,046,438
806,259
703,419
1,121,570
583,222
Air
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
88,280
144,612
207,317
507,178
770,538
602,930
708,538
1,210,915
71,321
35,675
100,540
107,056
425,787
387,091
321,472
644,006
752,764
912,312
892,360
1,178,369
255
255
299
7
500,783
262,953
171,413
550,604
0
268
17
1,265
384,254
228,440
238,758
538,636
1,020,847
2,108,367
1,858,160
1,217,749
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
1,791
752
472
773
0
0
0
1,900
4,803
5,809
18,260
126,385
12,233
10,600
12,519
61,791
50,186
52,451
54,990
180,368
5
0
5
0
15
18
312
12,580
0
0
0
250
117,375
1 16,527
88,911
321,992
1,901,227
806,071
747,825
681,469
Underground
Injection
Pounds
2,374
44,075
72,553
60
0
0
0
0
25,000
82,000
99,184
0
0
0
0
5
794
912
1,263
2,755
0
0
0
0
10
5
S
240,000
0
0
0
0
8
17
10
255
17,688
3,590
5,930
6,816,070
On-slte
Land
Releases
Pounds
1
47
0
1
0
0
250
14
251,387
86,697
288,032
424,117
3,411,088
2,342,855
501,484
6,648,946
11,568,368
12,341,966
14,652,126
20,035,359
250
0
5
0
1,000
1,406
2,288
250
0
0
0
0
10,040,371
8,278,350
8,493,774
20,229,826
40,149,495
41,279,762
37,738,053
84,226,474
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
199,239
301,153
448,132
686,752
1,060,492
961,675
997,151
2,003,311
465,217
330,105
643,424
777,428
4,041,383
3,082,114
932,227
7,838,784
12,806,706
13,693,730
16, 1 11,061
21,752,338
765
510
589
258
567,024
339,263
251,071
929,608
0
273
272
2,515
17,293,784
9,083,270
9,391,494
22,137,147
43,895,516
44,901,209
41,471,538
93,524,984
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
1,000
0
69,306
0
8,296
2,577
1,550
247,039
320,605
420,944
392,926
444,560
1,743,638
2,094,016
1,697,238
10,728,220
21,476,996
17,001,174
20,743,194
14,254,774
276
20
42
56
10,666
14,429
23,262
132,148
250
2,461
13,553
5,285
13,905,393
10,682,340
13,053,613
17,886,739
26,664,625
22,874,466
22,637,683
18,063,196
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
200,239
301,153
517,438
686,752
1,068,788
964,252
998,701
2,250,350
785,822
751,049
1,036,350
1,221,988
5,785,021
5,176,130
2,629,465
18,567,004
34,283,702
30,694,904
36,854,255
36,007,112
1,041
530
631
314
577,690
353,692
274,333
1,061,756
250
2,734
13,825
7,800
31,199,177
19,765,610
22,445,107
40,023,886
70,560,141
67,775,675
64,109,221
111,588,180
Note: Does not include dclisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulftmc
acid, On-sile Releases from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Breakdown of Underground
Injection and On-site Land Releases (for RCRA Subtitle C landfills) began in 1996 reporting year
•Pesticide
** One facility reported 6,211,171 pounds of fugitive air emissions of manganese in error for 1996, the correct amount is 750 pounds Fugitive air emissions for
manganese should be 541,355 pounds.
132
-------
Chapters— Year-to-YearComparison of TRIData
Table 3-9. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, and Total Production-
related Waste, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
Chemical
Isobutyraldehyde
[sopropyl alcohol
(manufacturing)
4,4'-Isopropyhdene-
diphenol
Lead
Lead compounds
Lmdane
Maleic anhydnde
Maneb
Manganese
Manganese
compounds
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
5,109
0
2,485
NA
125,634
62,894
453,686
NA
102,400
56,348
37,084
NA
209,065,669
211,398,723
119,686,070
NA
396,430,669
501,675,271
529,552,647
NA
371
326
344
NA
6,847
4,940
3,585
NA
0
525
956
NA
32,636,249
31,576,342
27,204,672
NA
134,562,338
149,594,893
83,535,732
NA
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
2,316,637
1,193,119
2,208,563
NA
3,274,940
2,684,671
10,322,798
NA
8,712,328
5,024,865
8,838,789
NA
89,267
49,836
72,187
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
3,333,330
3,222,121
2,616,255
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
21,216
0
0
NA
Treated
On-site
Pounds
555,954
609,409
576,124
NA
146,031
141,356
59,212
NA
998,531
824,095
1,580,295
NA
2,403,298
1,716,276
1,236,916
NA
1,350,570
28,909,640
25,904,461
NA
0
0
0
NA
36,712,857
38,357,136
30,265,310
NA
0
0
30
NA
371,283
172,660
346,024
NA
899,859
995,502
448,995
NA
Total
On-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
2,877,700
1,802,528
2,787,172
NA
3,546,605
2,888,921
10,835,696
NA
9,813,259
5,905,308
10,456,168
NA
211,558,234
213,164,835
120,995,173
NA
397,781,239
530,584,911
555,457,108
NA
371
326
344
NA
40,053,034
41,584,197
32,885,150
NA
0
525
986
NA
33,007,532
31,749,002
27,550,696
NA
135,483,413
150,590,395
83,984,727
NA
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
4,110
10,927
1,696
NA
10,631
44,266
39,579
NA
1,620
2,377
2,507
NA
36,000,051
63,275,977
56,055,348
NA
283,323,678
291,908,760
296,946,451
NA
0
0
0
NA
7,307
0
750
NA
0
0
0
NA
90,014,975
68,216,519
71,853,235
NA
52,316,073
50,102,271
51,769,536
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
492,237
567,584
626,772
NA
430,297
75,604
313,270
NA
75,268
408,778
54,939
NA
5,320
6,469
12,515
NA
68,985
62,461
72,421
NA
0
0
0
NA
98,199
102,756
140,204
NA
0
5
0
NA
36,070
345
900
NA
223,482
196,541
45,052
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
50,743
96,600
53,037
30,260
23,421
228,374
34,654
319,961
57,588
67,242
100,155
995,810
2,016,537
1,677,977
710,963
2,901,988
12,061,469
5,813,316
5,384,260
2,254,991
1,388
3,197
2,462
130
1,311,988
1,142,938
881,930
1,725,648
1,108
6,500
1,698
2,077
1,314,531
1,387,885
481,453
4,208,789
6,349,936
3,927,517
3,948,329
1,376,268
Other
Transfers Off-site
toPOTWs Transfers
Pounds Pounds
73,213 , 0
0 0
45,433 0
713 0
142,613 36,060
3,221 0
1,570 0
161,751 129,407
19,576 0
21,011 0
19,360 0
31,135 1,000
19,579 189,780
20,327 760
28,297 200,000
122,508 254,573
27,932 538,834
38,036 1,257,760
61,251 21,250
91,167 680,019
0 0
0 0
5 0
0 0
3,017 0
10,660 0
4,813 0
556,373 1,150
0 0
0 0
0 0
1,470 0
72,506 40,863
75,627 750
53,334 2,293,473
132,683 3,506,111
323,137 20,000
325,542 520,320
402,382 5
1,843,549 423,308
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
620,303
675,111
726,938
NA
643,022
351,465
389,073
NA
154,052
499,408
176,961
NA
38,231,267
64,981,510
57,007,123
NA
296,020,898
299,080,333
302,485,633
NA
1,388
3,197
2,467
NA
1,420,511
1,256,354
1,027,697
NA
1,108
6,505
1,698
NA
91,478,945
69,681,126
74,682,395
NA
59,232,628
55,072,191
56,165,304
NA
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
3,738,528
2,756,713
4,052,043
NA
4,936,742
4,042,971
12,249,034
NA
10,791,340
6,706,334
11,668,954
NA
255,641,888
281,754,384
170,455,619
NA
752,768,994
861,699,138
892,011,110
NA
2,031
3,804
1,358
NA
42,033,547
43,186,754
34,166,072
NA
1,322
17,189
3,321
NA
133,772,704
125,812,908
118,946,464
NA
263,481,976
282,983,315
200,727,123
NA
Note. <
disposal) of Form R. Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes Production-related Waste from Section 8 of Form R
(total excludes remedial and catastrophic quantities)
133
-------
Chapter 3 — Ytear-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
On-site Releases
CAS
Number
7439-97-S
_
S7-SW
7243-S
109-86-*
96-33-3
I634.W-4
tOi-H-4
101-61. 1
74-95-3
101-77-9
Chemical
Mercrny
Mercury cotspouads
Melhuwl
* Methojsyehior
2"M«hoxyethanol
Melhyl tcrylalc
Methyl tet-bulyt
ether
4,4'-MeUiykaebis
(2-chk*o»oiHi>c)
•M'-Mcihyteicbii-
O^JI-diioclhjil)
bcraaKanfac
Methylene bromide
4,4'-Mefh>leiM:-
dianilinc
Yeir
96
9S
94
88
96
95
54
S3
96
95
94
83
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
%
95
94
as
96
95
94
gg
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
10,144
8,689
7,745
15,791
2,01!
2,009
2,012
1,006
27,987,712
30,527,851
31,855,868
48,119,910
10
0
5
47,721
115,723
147,418
160,528
1,148,256
70,888
71,308
93,969
332,710
952,626
931,449
937,468
617340
251
250
10
250
0
5
Air
Stacker
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
4,037
4,466
3,424
7,114
905
1,147
704
1,370
178,370,259
184,446,778
183,181,548
211,331,593
15
0
5
83,310
749,517
705,410
464,427
4,751,413
116,348
172,606
165,346
110,786
2,170,463
2,361,051
2,197,131
1,970,907
255
10
10
0
1
5
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
468
192
175
1,397
73
136
151
9
7,353,977
8,744,922
10,892,290
17,128,114
0
0
0
252
11,672
12,407
15,898
40,520
8,145
5,962
480
1,687
103,615
78,554
92,140
21,499
0
0
0
0
0
0
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
0
9
6
7
27
24,300,488
27,732,642
25,093,326
26,587,686
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
750
147
159
95
200
177,174
15,238
29,645
14,400
0
0
0
0
0
0
On-site
Land
Releases
Pounds
537
1,016
1,351
13,279
0
0
0
0
1,931,665
1,642,777
2,591,219
11,911,136
0
0
0
258
0
5
20
7
162
0
89
30,260
26,568
3,799
2,225
370
750
0
0
0
0
0
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
15,186
14,363
12,695
37,581
2,998
3,298
2,874
2,412
239,944,101
253,094,970
253,614,251
315,078,439
25
0
10
131,541
876,912
865,240
640,873
5,940,946
195,690
250,035
259,979
475,643
3,430,446
3,390,091
3,258,609
2,624,516
1,256
260
20
250
1
10
No reports received
250
85,043
22,539
36,765
34,468
8,227
8,546
6,669
36,804
0
14,249
40,552
35,080
23,255
1,535
1,791
3,073
93,461
0
0
0
0
0
23
63
725
2,599
0
0
0
5,700
0
41,120
23,110
26,064
460,250
7,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,140
7,250
99,292
63,091
77,545
57,723
50,905
33,510
36,531
594,254
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
4,272
6,103
12,590
218,830
21,612
201,972
26,121
17.1S3
1,411,828
1,956,755
2^13,539
15,291,235
0
0
0
8
489
285
58,369
57,362
32,136
865
6,318
4,765
243,220
47,841
117,753
4,602
5
5
1,300
0
0
0
1,150
0
0
0
0
19,591
9,673
4,103
141,538
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
19,458
20,466
25,285
256,411
24,610
205,270
28,995
19,545
241,355,929
255,051,725
255,927,790
330,369,674
25
0
10
131,549
877,401
865,525
699,242
5,998,308
227,826
250,900
266,297
480,408
3,673,666
3,437,932
3^76,362
2,629,118
1,261
265
1,320
250
1
10
8,400
99,292
63,091
77,545
57,723
70,496
43,183
40,634
735,792
Note: Docs not Include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric
acid, On-slte Releases from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Breakdown of Underground
Injection and On-site Land Releases (for RCRA Subtitle C landfills) began in 1996 reporting year
•Pesticide
134
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, and Total Production-
related Waste, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
Recycled
Chemical Year On-site
Pounds
Mercury
Mercury compounds
Methanol
Methoxychlor
2-Methoxyethanol
Methyl acrylate
Methyl tert-butyl
ether
4,4'-Methylenebis-
(2-chloroamline)
4,4'-Methylenebis-
(N,N-dunethyl)
benzeneamme
Methylene bromide
4,4'-Methylene-
dianilme
96 803,882
95 919,909
94 838,500
88 NA
96 46,348
95 125,287
94 90,242
88 NA
96 537,583,324
95 492,685,076
94 537,196,179
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 1,704,300
95 3,925,200
94 2,297,809
88 NA
96 1,010,001
95 910,001
94 940,001
88 NA
96 1,693,888
95 847,718
94 238,880
88 NA
96 0
95 720
94 720
88 NA
96 0
95 0
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
331,508,259
366,619,613
340,464,428
NA
0
0
0
NA
146,744
240,658
532,775
NA
908,315
736,924
161,043
NA
807,055
228,033
661,761
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
Treated
On-site
Pounds
4,114
6,307
11,065
NA
1
0
0
NA
950,729,426
952,409,011
926,310,614
NA
0
0
0
NA
2,181,353
3,353,957
4,596,214
NA
1,479,300
2,134,388
1,382,130
NA
2,525,427
2,884,118
3,313,924
NA
0
36
75
NA
0
0
Total
On-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
807,996
926,216
849,565
NA
46,349
125,287
90,242
NA
1,819,821,009
1,811,713,700
1,803,971,221
NA
0
0
0
NA
4,032,397
7,519,815
7,426,798
NA
3,397,616
3,781,313
2,483,174
NA
5,026,370
3,959,869
4,214,565
NA
0
756
795
NA
0
0
94 No reports received
88 NA
96 1,211,800
95 677,059
94 2,000,000
88 NA
96 2,900
95 2,300
94 " 1,900
88 NA
NA
0
0
0
NA
52,414
17,801
92,806
NA
NA
270
51,903
97,228
NA
83,357
87,919
50,125
NA
NA
1,212,070
728,962
2,097,228
NA
138,671
108,020
144,831
NA
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
23,748
58,206
21,223
NA
2,000
0
3,690
NA
17,478,098
23,230,686
16,371,121
NA
0
0
0
NA
11,084
0
4,300
NA
10,018
40,769
25,098
NA
283,774
32,986
17,434
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
NA
0
0
6,200
NA
0
0
0
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
500
505
0
NA
90,419,383
94,697,025
76,670,657
NA
0
0
0
NA
1,304,325
1,916,061
1,628,616
NA
313,548
184,341
358,071
NA
1,853,551
1,361,095
923,399
NA
2,494
2,017
5,848
NA
0
0
NA
0
0
1,300
NA
2,235
17,264
6,295
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
6,586
11,589
3,807
38,548
7,855
5,150
49
256
37,230,842
31,480,405
32,373,837
40,029,552
1,250
0
5
6,551
97,388
126,573
201,086
826,153
79,773
92,773
98,412
14,040
604,850 ,
422,145
546,944
93,575
11,299
10,684
2,389
6,250
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
55,191
92,309
174,060
139,349
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
5
19
10
1,364
10
5
5
528
81,631,668
89,876,995
95,365,543
121,263,646
0
0
0
0
741,640
1,076,268
1,131,051
622,102
15,322
23,261
3,260
14,886
253,430
101,520
95,945
7,713
5
5
5
0
0
0
0
0
979
1,114
6,097
2,023
2,026
1,889
7,399
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
871
0
0
0
0
0
0
13
109,611
0
3,570,258
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
715
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
30,339
70,685
25,040
NA
10,365
5,660
3,744
NA
226,760,004
239,394,722
220,781,158
NA
1,250
0
5
NA
2,154,437
3,118,902
2,965,053
NA
418,661
341,144
484,841
NA
2,995,605
1,917,746
1,583,722
NA
13,798
12,706
8,242
NA
0
0
NA
0
979
8,864
NA
59,449
111,599
182,244
NA
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
860,054
1,013,276
' 898,285
NA
79,595
155,583
122,769
NA
2,290,480,930
2,308,772,421
2,297,772,873
NA
818
0
16
NA
7,042,511
11,492,979
11,051,353
NA
4,042,978
4,374,845
3,238,381
NA
12,689,501
9,296,983
9,235,476
NA
13,633
13,010
10,083
NA
1
10
NA
1,311,362
792,225
2,183,572
NA
263,947
256,155
362,444
NA
Note Other On-site Waste Management from Section 8 and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Septjon 6 (excluding
off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes. Production-related Waste from
Section 8 of Form R (total excludes remedial and catastrophic quantities)
135
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
On-site Releases
CAS
Number Chemical
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
60-34-4 Methyl hydrazine
74-88-4 Methyl iodide
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl
ketone
624-83-9 Methyl isocyanate
80-62-6 Methyl mcthacrylate
90-94-8 Miehfcr'skctone
1313-27-5 Molybdenum
trioxide
505-60-2 Mustard gas
91-20-3 * Naphthalene
134-32-7 alphs-Naphthyl-
aminc
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Fugitive or
NonpolntAir
Emissions
Pounds
20,641,669
25,026,991
27,584,056
41,981,304
250
250
278
2,774
20,141
20,747
30,383
5,691
4,570,658
5,632,099
6,873,386
13,049,874
1,116
1,344
18,730
9,649
507,244
587,582
645,184
1,346,194
Air
Stacker
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
38,426,835
44,718,128
52,002,109
99,116,021
250
250
260
153
45,084
871
11
3,253
14,312,039
16,147,952
18,571,736
18,985,959
373
314
1,005
586
1,332,648
1,397,414
1,799,162
2,284,375
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
74,989
65,520
108,385
92,076
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
5
22,569
51,292
80,177
762,108
0
0
0
0
2,551
2,172
4,664
28,437
Underground
Injection
Pounds
432,772
556,607
575,848
255,955
0
0
0
0
23,500
10,000
0
250
162,000
158,600
131,600
116,650
0
0
0
0
160,000
120,000
120,000
327,220
On-site
Land
Releases
Pounds
139,598
87,856
38,168
166,597
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4,858
7,041
12,201
31,770
0
0
0
64
1,072
1,056
69
8,119
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
59,715,863
70,455,102
80,308,566
141,611,953
500
500
538
2,928
88,725
31,618
30,394
9,199
19,072,124
21,996,984
25,669,100
32,946,361
1,489
1,658
19,735
10,299
2,003,515
2,108,224
2,569,079
3,994,345
No reports received
0
0
450
159,992
135,886
140,505
37,672
0
1,577
814
650
36,366
46,901
37,066
73,523
0
0
0
0
28,004
63,555
60,848
139,021
0
0
0
0
209,900
333,730
161,340
197,115
0
0
0
0
71,653
85,442
71,814
97,238
0
1,577
814
1,100
505,915
665,514
471,573
544,569
0
No reports received
No reports received
No reports received
1,281,814
1,317,092
1,502,159
3,424,748
0
0
5
336
1,576,524
1,323,405
1,311,249
1,740,678
0
0
5
254
11,737
43,311
28,557
22,518
0
0
0
101
285,877
33,569
88,200
50,946
0
0
0
0
301,513
32,090
47,014
123,697
0
0
0
0
3,457,465
2,749,467
2,977,179
5,362,587
0
0
10
691
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
247,023
217,811
432,013
5,014,725
0
0
0
1,450
3,300
8,600
2,450
250
35,672
86,316
75,549
1,966,238
0
0
0
8,400
107,184
217,267
356,283
276,567
0
0
0
628,643
1,013,638
389,855
573,624
0
576,597
474,106
496,501
1,359,184
0
0
0
0
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
59,962,886
70,672,913
80,740,579
146,626,678
500
500
538
4,378
92,025
40,218
32,844
9,449
19,107,796
22,083,300
25,744,649
34,912,599
1,489
1,658
19,735
18,699
2,110,699
2,325,491
2,925,362
4,270,912
1,577
814
1,100
1,134,558
1,679,152
861,428
1,118,193
0
4,034,062
3,223,573
3,473,680
6,721,771
0
0
10
691
Note: Docs not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfunc
«cid. On-sitc Releases from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Breakdown of Underground
Injection and On-site Land Releases (for RCRA Subtitle C landfills) began in 1996 reporting year
•Pesticide
136
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, and Total Production-
related Waste, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
Chemical
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methylhydrazine
Methyliodtde
Meihylisobutyl
ketoae
Methylisocyanate
Methyl methaerylate
MieMer'sketone
Molybdenum
tnoxide
Mustard gas
Naphthalene
alpha-Naphihyl-
8mjse
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Energy
Recycled Recovery
On-site On-site
Pounds Pounds
61,050,421 92,654,090
66,080,000 112,447,288
66,166,777 99,848,117
NA NA
0 0
0 0
0 0
NA NA
0 1,900
0 140
0 160
NA NA
52^37,198 20,171,448
52,704,238 26,719,664
54,886,123 37,411,855
NA NA
0 0
0 0
0 0
NA NA
4,567,223 2,367,486
4,665,497 2,050,094
4,667,970 3,020,865
NA NA
No reports received
0 0
0 0
NA NA
4529,490 0
6,243,774 0
5,571,077 0
NA NA
0 0
No reports received
No reports received
No reports received
12,512,289 5,184,798
10,946,885 5,220,914
16,696,301 6,052,030
NA NA
0 0
0 0
0 0
NA NA
Treated
On-site
Pounds
68,944,661
69359,019
62,563,008
NA
44
20
500
NA
341
19,376
' 180
NA
13,243,777
17,795,698
16,642,751
NA
91,617
66,939
71,030
NA
4,635,442
5,218,371
2,970,916
NA
0
0
NA
31,277
19,964
13,950
NA
0
142,338,479
16,633,226
7,601,983
NA
0
0
0
NA
Total
On-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
222,649,172
247,886307
228,577,902
NA
44
20
500
NA
2,241
19,516
340
NA
85,752,423
97,219,600
108,940,729
NA
91,617
66,939
71,030
NA
11,570,151
11,933,962
10,659,751
NA
0
0
NA
6,560,767
6,263,738
5,585,027
NA
0
160,035,566
32,801,025
30,350314
NA
0
0
0
NA
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
20,101,826
20,676,316
22,251,090
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
12,107,396
16,296,708
17,960,367
NA
0
0
0
NA
58,074
20,750
22,185
NA
0
0
NA
2,736,322
2,495,746
2,984,416
NA
0
248,539
296,695
435,645
NA
0
0
0
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
37,076,309
42,619,807
46,566320
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
250
NA
17,968,462
18,211,033
18,858,606
NA
0
0
0
NA
1,328,264
1,437,140
1,342,473
NA
436
145
NA
3,276
3,530
0
NA
0
3,380,659
1,875387
1,201,639
NA
0
0
0
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
4,887,309
5,883,761
6,215,882
22,189,902
5
5
863
1,250
27
760
250
0
1,233,056
1,503,755
1,661,585
6,075,272
3,007
0
0
314
211,404
458,692
723,917
2,787,477
0
0
33,519
360,880
220,729
326,967
7,336
0
797,683
1,121,640
560,103
536,139
0
0
0
0
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
598,327
502,492
410,996
964,168
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
299,154
398,672
488,749
1,509,030
0
0
0
0
229,373
255,983
285,764
191,071
0
0
0
63,951
60,213
62,262
34,044
0
23,965
18,209
22,421
800,227
0
0
0
0
Other
Off-site
T ransfers
Pounds
70,490
5,830
1,000
2,063,186
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,013
3,866
4,022
2,467,760
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
37,511
0
0
0
0
0
0
20,000
0
2,800
0
0
31,000
0
0
0
0
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
62,734,261
69,688,206
75,445,288
NA
5
5
863
NA
27
760
500
NA
31,610,081
36,414,034
38,973,329
NA
3,007
0
0
NA
1,827,115
2,172,565
2,374339
NA
436
145
NA
3,164,429
2,780,218
3373,645
NA
0
4,453,646
3311,931
2,219,808
NA
0
0
0
NA
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
350,937,478
388,842,410
386,256,481
NA
429
425
1,401
NA
94,229
60,463
33,633
NA
139,241,590
156,105,242
172,657,005
NA
96,100
68,597
90,761
NA
15,528,946
16,345,705
15,969,194
NA
2,013
1,144
NA
11,204,989
10,617,804
9,831,702
NA
0
168,190,422
39,175,942
35,853,786
NA
0
0
2
NA
Note: Other On-site Waste Management from Section 8 and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding
off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R. Other Off-site Transfers are teansfers reported without valid waste management codes Production-related Waste from
Section 8 of Form R (total excludes remedial and catastrophic quantities)
137
-------
Chapter 3 — /ear-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
On-site Releases
CAS
Number Chemical
7440-02-0 Nickel
— - Nickel compounds
7697-37-2 Nitric acid
139-13-9 Nilrilotriacctic acid
99-59-2 S-Nitro-o-anisidine
95-95-3 Nitrobenzene
55-63-0 Nitroglycerin
S8-7S-S 2-Nitrophenol
100-02-7 * 4-Nitrophenol
79-46-9 2-Nitropropane
62-75-9 N-Nitrosodimethyl-
iminc
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Air
Fugitive or Stacker
NonpointAlr Point Air
Emissions Emissions
Pounds Pounds
256,602
142,710
438,211
270,257
78,907
108,278
105,713
155,735
125,211
183,202
145,909
182-.000
246,069
154,268
133,984
117,282
628,830 2,453,528
649,742 1
667,544 1
,670,051
,775,622
1,111,293 7,166,891
10
1
8
1,000
5
5
5
No reports received
23,351
17,106
34,194
22,616
1,439
1,678
1,842
2,280
5
5
0
32,152
890
910
920
7,642
19,226
21,057
22,842
208,303
No reports received
No reports received
No reports received
0
0
0
5
1,500
5
5
5
15,888
8,377
6,762
18,663
21,027
24,399
34,233
50,103
28
33
18
1,537
45
35
81
213
15,062
10,208
14,381
181,082
0
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
28,163
24,692
31,496
90,386
60,646
53,279
67,724
132,233
221,434
46,591
167,504
1,380,565
78
34
2,748
5,100
0
0
0
951
874
1,999
7,283
18,508
13,300
11,544
2,746
51
50
67
1
0
0
0
0
2,790
3,000
3,300
4,300
0
Underground
Injection
Pounds
4,225
6,370
7,080
14,295
86,278
107,886
55,861
224,968
17,483,972
18,755,717
18,269,660
25,485,680
1,500
2,900
500
0
0
0
0
193,527
330,344
815,285
819,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6,300
0
0
0
257,000
0
On-site
Land
Releases
Pounds
260,666
370,869
389,400
1,225,251
3,698,922
2,363,360
1,364,254
2,384,332
176,491
236,033
510,050
1,330,695
0
0
0
5,100
0
0
0
46
43
226
3,538
3,781
0
0
11,640
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
7
0
0
0
0
0
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
674,867
727,843
1,012,096
1,782,189
4,170,822
2,787,071
1,727,536
3,014,550
20,964,255
21,358,134
21,390,380
36,475,124
1,588
2,935
3,261
12,700
10
10
10
233,763
356,744
858,466
871,100
44,755
39,377
47,619
66,769
84
8S
85
33,692
935
945
1,001
14,162
37,078
34,265
40,523
650,685
0
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
3,480,910
2,948,350
3,334,751
6,425,642
4,757,894
5,645,254
5,199,060
3,910,015
1,477,976
4,818,362
3,537,114
7,929,318
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
3,825
961
2,290
69,570
3,610
0
6
2
90
0
0
13,100
0
0
3
70
0
0
0
4,785
0
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
4,155,777
3,676,193
4,346,847
8,207,831
8,928,716
8,432,325
6,926,596
6,924,565
22,442,231
26,176,496
24,927,494
44,404,442
1,588
2,935
3,261
12,950
10
10
10
237,588
357,705
860,756
940,670
48,365
39,377
47,625
66,771
174
88
85
46,792
935
945
1,004
14,232
37,078
34,265
40,523
655,470
0
Note: Docs not include dclistcd chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulftmc
acid, On-slte Releases from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Breakdown of Underground
Injection and On-sitc Land Releases (for RCRA Subtitle C landfills) began in 1996 reporting year.
*PcstkMc
138
-------
Chapter 3 — year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
EL
Table 3-9. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, and Total Production-
related Waste, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
Recycled
Chemical Year On-site
Pounds
Nickel
Nickel compounds
Nitric acicl
Nitnlotnacetic acid
5 -Nitro-o-anisidine
96 34,302,930
95 38,109,558
94 42,963,374
88 NA
96 8,360,348
95 14,062,245
94 20,805,120
88 NA
96 24,081,964
95 53,735,834
94 34,802,605
88 NA
96 0
95 2,500
94 1,840
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
16,476
127
0
NA
37,998
0
0
NA
165,558
250,245
23,000
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
Treated
Oil-site
Pounds
996,941
1,546,633
1,507,253
NA
2,719,330
5,627,326
6,323,439
NA
269,641,370
248,606,746
264,650,252
NA
1,017,756
969,141
398,169
NA
0
0
0
Total
On-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
35,316,347
39,656,318
44,470,627
NA
11,117,676
19,689,571
27,128,559
NA
293,888,892
302,592,825
299,475,857
NA
1,017,756
971,641
400,009
NA
0
0
0
88 No reports received
Nitrobenzene
Nitroglycena
2-Nitrophenol
4-Nitropiienol
2-Nitropropsne
,
N-Nitrosodimethyl-
amme
96 3,552,450
95 3,677,200
94 4,190,550
88 NA
96 18,000
95 24,151
94 14,210
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
1,781,334
1,479,583
2,131,609
NA
0
0
0
NA
53,000
28,000
0
NA
12,990
10,469
0
NA
0
140,000
1,584
NA
1,146,945
1,297,715
1,035,708
NA
315,442
428,538
303,371
NA
75,000
120,000
348,379
NA
60,000
65,000
73,000
NA
58,297
63,028
79,484
NA
6,480,729
6,454,498
7,357,867
NA
333,442
452,689
317,581
NA
128,000
148,000
348,379
NA
72,990
75,469
73,000
NA
58,297
203,028
81,068
NA
96 No reports received
95 No reports received
94 No reports received
88 NA
NA
NA
NA
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
73,839,083
74,608,906
78,093,672
NA
25,082,239
32,722,124
33,072,512
NA
2,610,233
3,472.782
3,238,193
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
0
0
3,603
NA
0
0
38,586
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
520
3,300
NA
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
70,582
1,348
3,057
NA
1,379
5,841
1,034
NA
346
2S5
3
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
20,703
77,514
24,351
NA
36,584
35,138
0
NA
0
6
0
NA
1
3
0
NA
SO
314
1,779
NA
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
2,060,315
788,853
1,141,452
1,178,986
864,624
1,226,740
1,543,496
1,886,744
11,575,491
1 1 ,289,777
10,934,203
18,442,846
0
1,872
2,080
190,753
0
0
0
599,215
627,862
458,135
1,301,075
15,809
21,914
92,713
3,581
20,900
24,011
20,189
1,600
476,030
574,817
583,000
0
12,467
0
29
8,910
0
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
86,328
81,257
96,522
252,701
93,795
100,876
123,675
652,442
3,851,407
4,585,207
3,435,700
22,432,957
18,000
0
0
254,859
5
5
5
116
219
289
5,671
217
203
263
S3
47
58
180
149,000
169
176
186
560,428
0
0
0
3,000
0
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
3,650
516
9,930
279,905
8,651
755
0
217,385
25,118
23,808
0
48,202
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
750
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
76,059,958
75,480,880
79,344,633
NA
26,050,688
34,056,336
34,740,717
NA
18,062,595
19,371,829
17,608,099
NA
18,000
1,872
2,080
NA
5
5
5
620,034
705,595
486,378
NA
52,610
57,255
131,562
NA
20,947
24,075
20,369
NA
476,200
574,996
583,186
NA
12,517
834
5,108
NA
NA
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
116,797,060
120,203,518
132,276,475
NA
60,211,166
63,764,851
68,491,797
NA
333,654,906
349,605,792
342,099,085
NA
1,037,344
976,448
405,350
NA
S
5
0
7,336,665
7,525,649
8,699,337
NA
424,506
551,674
471,272
NA
149,179
171,400
369,453
NA
549,931
651,222
657,000
NA
107,890
237,652
126,474
NA
NA
Note Other On-site Waste Management from Section 8 and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding
off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes Production-related Waste from
Section 8 of Form R (total excludes remedial and catastrophic quantities)
139
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-8. TRI On-slte and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
On-site Releases
CAS
Number Chemlcsl
86-30-6 N-Nilrosodiphcnyl-
amine
156-10-5 p-Nilrojodiphcnyl-
amuie
59-S9- 2 N-Nitroso-
raorphollne
S6-3S-2 * Pirathion
S7-36-5 * Pcntichlorophcuol
7J.J1-0 * Pcracctfc ictd
IOS-95-2 * Phenol
106-50-3 p-Phcnylcncdiimlnc
90-43-7 * 2-PhenyIphenol
7J-M-S Phoigcnc
7664-18-2 * Phosphoric acid
Yew
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
83
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
SS
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
SS
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
10
10
0
0
24
24
24
15
0
0
Air
Stacker
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
0
0
0
27
0
0
0
0
0
0
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
34,000
!
0
0
0
2,000
0
0
On-site
Land
Releases
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
10
10
0
34,027
24
24
24
2,015
0
0
No reports received
No reports received
0
0
1,142
2,258
8,164
1,825
4,511
8,133
960
998
693
766
2,456,348
2,352,099
2,532,937
4,544,746
3,416
3,466
2,845
2,210
55
61
7,784
9,010
6,635
7,802
7,726
3,839
196,086
439,393
284,442
727,787
0
0
5
1,007
4,977
4,441
17,112
5,896
10,595
6,849
5,148
4,687
7,096,154
6,934,596
5,986,787
6,167,990
564
974
2,098
111,680
4,052
27,002
35,223
1,620
9,648
8,092
7,950
17,764
851,959
814,110
752,955
1,235,954
0
0
0
750
8,236
3,146
1,458
2,465
5
IS
15
55
72,555
70,419
121,480
259,230
409
856
1,260
826
1
10
15
480
0
0
0
500
28,367,233
20,402,951
20,900,639
122,647,164
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20,000
0
0
0
0
2,045,370
3,823,235
3,224,053
4,661,319
0
0
0
4,716
0
0
0
0
5
5
5
250
9,716
7,340
45,616
53,711
0
0
0
250
3,000
250
250
3,717
812
582
270
0
159,059
171,609
172,240
1,882,485
1,308
653
2,624
0
250
5
2
0
0
0
0
0
31,460,721
35,898,123
58,985,481
52,615,971
0
0
1,147
4,265
24,377
9,662
23,331
40,211
12,372
8,444
6,126
5,508
11,829,486
13,351,958
12,037,497
17,515,770
5,697
5,949
8,827
1 19,432
4,358
27,078
43,024
11,110
16,288
15,899
15,681
22,353
60,885,715
57,561,917
80,969,133
177,280,587
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
0
0
0
0
420
520
0
180
0
0
0
0
15,027
3,959
196,075
23,942
24,343
518,105
0
0
0
0
1,016,261
1,280,771
1,584,155
2,536,030
0
0
0
64,452
1,789
5,656
1,507
250
0
0
0
480
2,331,930
2,045,261
2,603,268
5,303,543
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
10
10
0
34,027
444
544
24
2,195
0
0
0
0
16,174
8,224
220,452
33,604
47,674
558,316
12,372
8,444
6,126
5,508
12,845,747
14,632,729
13,621,652
20,051,800
5,697
5,949
8,827
183,884
6,147
32,734
44,531
11,360
16,288
15,899
15,681
22,833
63,217,645
59,607,178
83,572,401
182,584,130
Note: Docs not Include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydroohlono acid, and sul&ric
acid. On-sifc Releases from Section S and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Breakdown of Underground
Injection and On-site Land Releases (for RCRA Subtitle C landfills) began in 1996 reporting year.
*P«tieMe
140
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, Transfers Off-site for Further Waste, Management, and Total Production-
related Waste, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
Chemical
N-Nitrosodiphenyl-
amine
•
p-Nitrosodiphenyl-
amme
N-Nitroso-
morphokne
Recycled
Year On-site
Pounds
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
,96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 0
95 0
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
9,400
8,600
9,100
NA
0
0
Treated
On-site
Pounds
47,762
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
Total
On-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
47,762
0
0
NA
9,400
8,600
9,100
NA
0
0
94 No reports received
88 No reports received
Parathion
Pentachlorophenol
Peracetioacid
Phenol
p-Phenylenedtamine
2-Phenylphenol
Phosgene
Phosphoncacid
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 1,232,965
95 1,888,603
94 105,705
88 NA
96 0
95 13,833
94 21,060
88 NA
96 40,787,213
95 41,534,425
94 38,572,804
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 310,993,398
95 216,200,620
94 207,308,181
88 NA
0
0
0
NA
11,754
9,151
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
27,483,437
28,593,814
19,384,426
NA
0
0
43,000
NA
92
530
110
NA
200
430,034
380
NA
8,300
14,792
12,000
NA
0
0
0
NA
22,743
6,780
42,203
NA
4,160
12,884
84,180
NA
25,790,593
34,275,169
33,732,420
NA
303,611
364,868
915,974
NA
705,215
1,027,544
423,403
NA
17,249,349
15,138,316
14,086,721
NA
117,388,358
353,698,632
388,288,677
NA
0
0
0
NA
1,267,462
1,904,534
147,908
NA
4,160
26,717
105,240
NA
94,061,243
104,403,408
91,689,650
NA
303,611
364,868
958,974
NA
705,307
1,028,074
423,513
NA
17,249,549
15,568,350
14,087,101
NA
428,390,056
569,914,044
595,608,858
NA
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
0
0
NA
2,971
360
250
NA
0
0
0
NA
120,652
380,614
494,671
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
7,460,279
11,427,354
9,473,740
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
230,000
0
0
NA
17,000
15,000
16,000
NA
0
0
0
0
0
NA
8,875
14,354
24,982
NA
0
0
0
NA
3,787,203
3,728,168
3,383,588
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
72,379
61,289
45,269
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
120,000
337,000
200,000
300
180
65
0
0
23,600
0
0
0
1,035
1,321
67,358
49,742
44,970
27,568
7,300
10,300
0
0
3,556,740
3,235,121
2,916,629
3,668,466
22,030
16,312
23,968
53,471
250
0
121
0
2,270
2,414
158
1,040
1,835,400
1,843,577
2,215,316
3,270,219
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
0
1 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
611
900
1,798
4,728
2,664
2,396
2,138
0
3,280,289
3,771,514
2,968,474
6,046,640
5,850
4,150
3,600
6,277
24,662
3,626
3,537
6,400
0
0
0
0
2,745,535
3,411,362
3,881,545
13,846,442
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,500
500
328,571
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
750
250
505
743,381
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
350,000
337,000
200,000
NA
17,180
15,065
16,000
NA
23,600
0
0
0
1,035
NA
79,815
65,356
72,000
NA
9,964
12,696
2,138
NA
10,744,884
11,117,917
9,763,862
NA
27,880
20,462
27,568
NA
24,912
3,626
3,658
NA
2,270
2,414
158
NA
12,114,343
16,743,832
15,616,375
NA
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
397,772
340,010
200,000
NA
27,024
24,209
25,124
NA
24,000
0
0
0
17,518
NA
1,551,847
2,032,895
297,533
NA
26,290
47,440
113,126
NA
117,406,441
129,424,375
115,362,112
NA
339,489
390,707
995,278
NA
732,897
1,062,729
470,013
NA
17,268,049
15,586,631
14,101,558
NA
503,562,424
642,804,823
673,564,806
NA
Note Other On-site Waste Management from Section 8 and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding
off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes Production-related Waste from
Section 8 of Form R (total excludes remedial and catastrophic quantities).
141
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI On-slte and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
On-site Releases
CAS
Number Chemical
7723-H-O Phosphom*
(yellow or white)
85-44-9 Ph«hslfc«sb>dnde
S3-59-1 Pfcrfctdd
— Polybrooiiniied
biphenyh
U3W6-3 Palschloriiattd
biphcnjls (PCBs)
1120-71-4 Propane lultooe
123-3S-6 PrapfoftikkhyfJe
11+.2S-1 * Propoxur
115-07-1 Prapyknc
75-5S-S Propjlcnciminc
75-56-9 * Propytoc oxide
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Fngitiveor
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
24^59
22,588
27,686
9,049
59,978
74,240
98,631
126,906
0
219
2
251
0
0
0
250
5
0
0
6
0
0
0
0
76,050
82,023
337,833
399,253
0
0
0
250
10,546,131
11,358,424
12,762,146
18,647,105
366
564
216
250
226,160
345,822
356,231
896,638
Air
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
1,577
6,033
4,148
11,559
367,260
530,376
331,535
423,003
0
2
2
1
250
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
94,958
133,118
146,634
868,586
0
5
4
0
15,859,826
16,221,476
9,079,043
13,594,694
36
36
265
250
354,701
498,174
740,955
2,783,577
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
255
3,661
9391
11,322
174
711
362
1,040
0
0
2
251
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
0
32,077
27,012
21
1,156
0
0
0
0
7,133
4,047
4,635
10,003
0
0
0
0
45,393
29,934
12,695
112,503
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
94,031
49,256
43,958
1,362,180
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
74,613
101,432
66,352
930
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
12,141
22,577
22,195
1,113,780
On-slte
Land
Releases
Pounds
2,057,524
1,871,801
1,705,016
3,893,674
0
674
0
1,265
0
0
2
250
0
0
0
0
9,205
0
0
752
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,458
169
0
0
0
0
0
0
335
4,403
6,151
11,630
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
2,083,715
1,904,083
1,746,241
3,925,604
427,412
606,001
430,528
552,214
94,031
49,477
43,966
1362,933
250
0
0
250
9,460
0
0
768
0
0
0
0
277,698
343,585
550,840
1,269,925
0
5
4
250
26,415,548
27,584,116
21,845,824
32,251,802
402
600
481
500
638,730
900,910
1,138,227
4,918,128
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
19,839
23,650
13,767
195,013
103,707
76,916
105,924
3,976,682
0
0
0
0
375
0
250
0
51,086
34,432
94,962
488,732
0
0
0
0
62
0
26,948
0
0
0
31
250
2,181
298
269
3,320
0
0
0
0
39,230
8,633
48,801
16,626
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
2,103,554
1,927,733
1,760,008
4,120,617
531,119
682,917
536,452
4,528,896
94,031
49,477
43,966
1,362,933
625
0
250
250
60,546
34,432
94,962
489,500
0
0
0
0
277,760
343,585
577,788
1,269,925
0
5
35
500
26,417,729
27,584,414
21,846,093
32,255,122
402
600
481
500
677,960
909,543
1,187,028
4,934,754
Note: Docs not include (Misted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulftmc
acid. Oil-site Rclciscs from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Breakdown of Underground
Injection and On-stte Land Releases (for RCRA Subtitle C landfills) began in 1996 reporting year
"Pesticide
142
-------
Chapters— Year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, and Total Production-
related Waste, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued,
Chemical
Phosphorus
(yellow or white)
Phthahc anhydride
P»cne aad
Polybrominated
biphenyls
Poiychlonnated
biphenyls (PCBs)
Propane suftone
Propionaldehydc
Propoxur
Propylene
Propyleneiaune
Propylene oxide
Recycled
Year On-site
Pounds
96 300
95 1,091
94 1,208
88 NA
96 90,581
95 421,574
94 527,847
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 60,407,279
95 6,713,304
94 190,030,400
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 3,780,004
95 3,091
94 11,716
88 NA
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
2,098,212
2,420,922
2,152,095
NA
136,931
53,393
387,228
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
255,989
898,697
667,541
NA
0
0
0
NA
567,598,551
487,153,246
643,226,119
NA
0
0
0
NA
18,451,509
17,981,778
2,874,364
NA
Treated
On-site
Pounds
610,526
5,052
39,006
NA
12,577,144
18,689,501
18,908,160
NA
1,779,450
1,261,618
285,129
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
4
16
0
NA
4,446,808
2,348,789
1,069^25
NA
0
0
0
NA
302,585,973
254,049,252
246,950,683
NA
1,734
1,433
1,748
NA
13,284,599
14,366,911
13,870,297
NA
Total
On-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
610,826
6,143
40,214
NA
14,766,237
21,531,997
21,588,102
NA
1,916,381
1,315,011
672,357
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
4
16
0
NA
4,702,797
3,247,486
1,736,866
NA
0
0
0
NA
930,591,803
747,915,802
1,080,207,202
NA
1,734
1,433
1,748
NA
35,516,112
32351,780
16,756,377
NA
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
110,484
26,059
183,473
NA
475
1,261
2,781
NA
0
0
0
NA
4,219
2,720
0
NA
59,972
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
255
0
66
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
4,814,622
4,951,064
4,342,281
NA
0
2
13
NA
0
0
0
NA
250
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
18,135
5,565
12,994
NA
0
0
0
NA
215,250
3,132,286
2,159,280
NA
0
0
0
NA
250,033
281,155
5,164
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
21,916
147,492
55,407
14,074
241,672
335,251
243,593
2,877,574
21,015
0
836
14,000
0
0
0
0
243,194
645345
934,464
5,149,843
0
0
0
0
9
36
1
1,600
0
1,500
1,805
0
272,632
80,240
280,113
1,521,069
0
0
0
0
1,871
36,882
6,148
1,091
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
272
505
258
646
149,891
51,793
9,483
53,441
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
320,765
87,484
1,760
761
0
250
140
0
6,315
5
5
500
0
0
0
250
206,725
350,949
374,871
386,355
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
946
0
0
0
21,803
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
23,550
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
35
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
132,672
174,056
239,138
NA
5,206,660
5,339,369
4,598,138
NA
21,015
2
849
NA
4,219
2,720
0
NA
303,416
645,345
934,464
NA
0
0
0
NA
338,909
93,085
14,755
NA
0
2,000
1,945
NA
494,447
3,212,531
2,439,398
NA
0
0
0
NA
458,884
668,986
3S6.2S3
NA
Total
iProductton-
related
Waste
Pounds
2,864,362
2,108,747
2,010,517
NA
20,539,607
27,599,067
26,553,835
NA
2,031,427
1,364,490
717,172
NA
4,724
2,720
899
NA
52,237
72,736
181,185
NA
4
16
0
NA
5,319,755
3,679,694
2326,064
NA
0
1,085
1,977
NA
957,526,443
778,768,655
1,103,464,417
NA
2,136
2,033
2,133
NA
36,848,356
33,966,184
18,088,342
NA
Note: Other On-site Waste Management from Section 8 and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding
off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes Production-related Waste from
Section 8 of Form R (total excludes remedial and catastrophic quantities)
143
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI On-slte and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
On-site Releases
CAS
Number Chemical
1 10-36 -I Pyridmc
91-22-5 Quinolinc
106-51-4 Quinone
82-63-S * Quinlozcnc
8 1-07-2 Saccharin
(manufacturing)
94-59.7 S»fro!c
77S2-49-2 Selenium
— « Selenium
compounds
7-140-22-4 * Silver
— Silver compounds
100-42-5 Stytcne
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
83
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Fugitive or
Nonpolnt Air
Emissions
Pounds
47,611
64,172
70,153
143,881
12,053
7,537
7,665
31,633
3,801
3,800
9,900
4,600
1,550
914
1,771
750
210
90
60
250
500
250
Air
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
43,568
35,332
36,301
107,918
10,921
3,875
19,757
17,717
3,304
3,301
2,101
6,700
1,061
510
787
314
33
9
20
500
5
5
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
908
830
1,409
2,158
20
20
35
502
500
1,500
1,600
140
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Underground
Injection
Pounds
428,000
453,900
358,200
491,775
32,000
13,000
63,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
On-slte
Land
Releases
Pounds
1
4
0
1,125
466
405
571
896
0
0
0
0
836
800
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
On-slte
Releases
Pounds
520,088
554,238
466,063
746,857
55,460
24,837
91,028
50,748
7,605
8,601
13,601
11,440
3,447
2,224
2,558
1,064
243
99
80
750
505
255
No reports received
250
5
5
88
2,251
1,986
2,680
3,576
2,251
6,261
6,223
7,052
11,480
3,016
2,282
2,732
5,991
10,917,192
12,181,207
13,932,696
12,959,020
250
40
1,445
367
14,031
45,278
58,766
50,984
12,255
1,947
3,070
3,648
36,508
13,375
13,642
15,367
9,415
31,011,969
28,944,513
26,545,550
21,326,995
0
97
92
113
1,168
2,404
2,184
2,470
250
149
161
176
1,654
8,147
6,284
6,580
8,684
12,864
4,570
54,884
59,069
0
0
0
0
0
3,100
3,640
3,410
3,400
0
0
250
0
370
380
140
250
228,3 17
209,945
250,861
165
0
29
23
7
127,508
211,237
219,133
278,924
45,750
6,306
250
270
39,510
45,693
30,425
28,843
11,550
266,690
147,921
227,778
242,941
500
171
1,565
575
144,958
264,005
286,403
339,364
63,906
14,663
9,704
11,396
89,152
70,601
53,013
53,662
35,890
42,437,032
41,488,156
41,011,769
34,588,190
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
775
321
1,201
40,699
5,072
3,744
5,054
6,242
0
0
0
0
0
192
161
12,625
1,200
1,500
1,400
750
0
0
0
784
25
20
2,617
61,491
73,959
25,229
61,116
21,736
8,397
3,958
3,263
10,132
2,492
10,462
3,139
3,251,349
4,255,354
4,301,253
2,011,796
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
520,863
554,559
467,264
787,556
60,532
28,581
96,082
56,990
7,605
8,601
13,601
11,440
3,447
2,416
2,719
13,689
1,443
1,599
1,480
1,500
505
255
500
955
1,590
595
147,575
325,496
360,362
364,593
125,022
36,399
18,101
15,354
92,415
80,733
55,505
64,124
39,029
45,688,381
45,743,510
45,313,022
36,599,986
Noic; Docs not include delated chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991,1994 and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric
acid, On-sltc Releases from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Breakdown of Underground
Injection and On-site Land Releases (for RCRA SubtiUeC landfills) began in 1996 reporting year.
*PaUdde
144
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, and Total Production'
related Waste, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
Chemical
?yndme
Qumoto
Qumoae
Qamtazene
Saccharin
(mann&otunng
Safrole
Selenium
Selenium
compounds
Silver
Silver compounds
Slyrene
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
) 95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
7,426,653
5,974,830
1,791,787
NA
15,881
1,750
2,168
NA
0
0
0
NA
884
863
6,328
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
1,278,558
1,713,719
2,109,851
NA
34,652
302,003
280,592
NA
230,508
179,870
9,868
NA
0
0
13,000
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
Treated
Oil-site
Pounds
886,200
348452
404,033
NA
91,001
222,705
51,342
NA
366,115
130,500
130,000
NA
0
0
17
NA
12,000
9,700
10,000
NA
4
1
Total
On-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
9,591,411
8,036,901
4,305,671
NA
141,534
526,458
334,102
NA
596,623
310370
139,868
NA
884
863
19,345
NA
12,000
9,700
10,000
NA
4
1
No reports received
NA
0
1,604
0
NA
601,563
590,805
343,313
NA
541,588
563,576
330,239
NA
638,500
327,846
291,857
NA
19,962,598
9,297,615
7,612,033
NA
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
21,544,063
20,674,599
27,512,188
NA
NA
29
23
0
NA
0
2
0
NA
26366
87,462
99,763
NA
3,967,716
3,966,504
2,958,879
NA
15,021,756
14,031,180
12,924,097
NA
NA
29
1,627
0
NA
601,563
590,807
343,313
NA
567,954
651,038
430,002
NA
4,606,216
4,294,350
3,250,736
NA
56,528,417
44,003394
48,048,318
NA
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
31,550
14,008
4,178
NA
2,180
2,243
4,178
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
NA
0
4,604
28,325
NA
133,241
158,278
136,856
NA
1,647,173
1,378373
855,546
NA
1,408,111
1,000,476
1,492,721
NA
1,154,843
652,462
1,433,692
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
260,552
185,968
129,674
NA
34,429
251
7,500
NA
0
1,328
0
NA
221,410
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
NA
755
0
0
NA
4,700
19
255
NA
0
1
13
NA
0
0
0
NA
7,704,571
9,047,200
5,469,504
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
252,608
190,110
177,365
56,729
17,015
16,365
38,602
4,945
50,513
30,173
26,186
280
398,894
759,393
543,692
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
12,119
1,200
1,200
3,145
32,979
49,393
31,492
1,631
3,481
6,416
36,779
23,87$
32,081
22,365
5,876
8,986
2,798,362
3,938,713
4,039,222
5,696394
Other
Transfers Off-site
toPOTWs Transfers
Pounds Pounds
355,442 0
291,689 0
350,839 0
275,083 0
255 0
250 0
260 0
6,406 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
250 0
4 0
88 0
1,012 0
250 0
12 0
10 0
10 0
7,900 0
134 0
5 0
250 0
405 0
2,276 0
15 0
1,250 500
21 8,464
288 0
307 0
1,860 0
388 7
142 0
596 0
3,624 0
2,260 250
2,069 0
2,808 16,232
8,078 2,830
264,473 900
118,840 1,000
117,912 5
479,835 1,260,446
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
900,152
681,775
662,056
NA
53,879
19,109
50,540
NA
50,513
31,501
26,186
NA
620,308
759,481
544,704
NA
12
10
10
NA
134
5
NA
13,279
8,080
29,540
NA
179,405
207,978
168,910
NA
1,651,049
1384,932
892,934
NA
1,442,702
1,024,910
1,517,637
NA
11,923,149
13,758,215
11,060,335
NA
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
11,009,790
9,272,661
5,431,533
NA
255,277
572,024
478,080
NA
654,741
350,472
180,055
NA
624,210
762,701
565,034
NA
13,512
11,310
11,529
NA
234
6
NA
14,099
10,026
30,124
NA
1,100,414
1,106,541
873,271
NA
1,391,508
1,920,661
1,262,704
NA
5,976,018
5,396,624
4,739,314
NA
113,542,563
103,087,135
103307,046
NA
Note: Other On-site Waste Management from Section 8 and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding
off-srte transfers to disposal) of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes Production-related Waste from
Section 8 of Form. R (total excludes remedial and catastrophic quantities)
145
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
On-site Releases
CAS
Number
96-094
79-34-S
U7-IM
96MKS
7440-2S-0
_
62-SJ-S
62-5M
1314-20.1
7SJJMW)
IOS-SS4
Chemical
Styrcne oxide
1,1,2,2-TctrKWora-
clhinc
Tetraefcloroethylcne
* Tetttdslocvlnphos
Thlltninj
Thallium compounds
TOoneettraidc
Tfliouna
Thonura dioxide
Tit jr.iutn tan.
ditorfde
Toluene
Year
%
95
94
88
%
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
83
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Furtive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
7
1
6
511
12,638
4,904
10,227
25,904
J.095,666
4,583,748
4,894,036
16,335,782
110
20
15
250
Air
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
24
12
84
1,803
2,850
3,371
2,257
17,961
4,765,504
4,950,002
5,712,830
19,786,515
255
606
398
1
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
0
0
0
0
130
2,222
1,517
1,903
1,311
2,407
3,877
33,314
5
5
5
0
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
26
0
13,436
20,481
4,051
72,250
0
0
0
0
On-site
Land
Releases
Pounds
0
0
0
0
• o
0
0
29
30,442
6
4,349
82,144
0
0
0
0
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
31
13
90
2,314
15,618
10,497
14,027
45,797
7,906,359
9,561,644
10,619,143
36,310,005
370
631
418
251
Ko reports received
5
5
250
250
0
0
0
0
755
755
1,010
1,010
No reports received
0
0
0
0
0
0
No reports received
163
I
8
252
0
0
0
0
3,695
250
3,866
503
No reports received
No reports received
No reports received
250
1,093
872
1,155
1,504
0
0
0
230
21,080
15,877
16,051
38,614
41,711,487
52,433,574
58,505,358
106,246,178
250
119
758
2,017
500
1
1
0
1350
9,771
4,422
6,298
40,054
83,670,741
93,577,558
111,884,283
193,156,221
0
339
1,487
3,539
16,951
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
68,697
53,291
82,778
196,957
0
5,000
5,000
5,000
5,940
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
329,275
310,691
490,840
1,473,666
0
250
250
250
750
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,400
557,160
85,798
180,247
643,668
500
6,801
8,367
11,961
25,645
1
1
0
1,580
30,851
20,299
22,349
80,068
126,337,360
146,460,912
171,143,506
301,716,690
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
0
0
0
750
7
7
52
128,750
22,071
72,961
74,980
1,385,378
2,030
4,200
2,948
9,270
0
0
0
5
1,000
1
0
2,590
4,269
2,572
2,303
0
0
0
677,549
34,013
32,282
ISO
0
1,022,535
881,153
951,120
9,615,791
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
31
13
90
3,064
15,625
10,504
14,079
174,547
7,928,430
9,634,605
10,694,123
37,695,383
2,400
4,831
3^66
9,521
1,010
1,010
0
3,871
1,503
500
9,391
12,636
14,533
27,948
1
1
0
679,129
64,864
52,581
22,499
80,068
127,359,895
147,342,065
172,094,626
311,332,481
Note: Docs not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric
acid. On«slte Releases from Section 5 and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R. Breakdown of Underground
Injection and On-site Land Releases (for RCRA Subtitle C landfills) began in 1996 reporting year
•Pesticide
146
-------
Chapter 3 — Vear-fo- Year Comparison of TKfOata
Table 3-9, TRI Other On-site Waste Management, Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, and Total Production-
related Waste, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
Chemical Year
Styren© oxide
1,1,2,2-Tefradiloro-
etbane
TetracfalorQetfayleae
Tetraehlorvinphos
Thallium
Thallium compounds
Tbioacetaraide
ThiourBa
Thorium dioxide
Titanium tetra-
ehloride
Toluene
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
9S
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Energy
Recycled Recovery
On-site On-sMe
Pounds Pounds
0 35,337
0 35337
23 35,337
NA NA
4,808,000 S24.000
6,200,000 846,600
4,740,000 958,000
NA NA
46,710,867 2,647,705
46,322,863 S»622,647
54,725,520 11,881,690
NA NA
S15 0
330 0
16,075 3
NA NA
No reports received
688,093 0
27,482 0
Ho imports teoewfid
0 0
No reports tweived
0 0
NA NA
No reports received
No reports received
No reports received
NA NA
4,665 0
7,082 0
0 0
NA NA
22,000 0
26,000 0
0 0
NA NA
0 0
0 0
0 0
NA NA
968,269,305 187,671,839
1,006,140,873 214,676,316
975,483,694 248,37 1,33S
NA NA
Treated
Qn-site
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
11,024,249
13,754,898
S,3S1,216
NA
20,674,831
26,279,022
21,513,333
NA
1,020
1,020
0
NA
0
0
0
0
NA
NA
664
18,535
3,860
NA
0
0
0
NA
26,706,771
23,836,598
23,244,683
NA
395302,542
214,503,254
131,360,050
NA
Total
On-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
3S337
33337
35,360
NA
16,756,249
20,801,498
14,249,216
NA
70,033,403
81,224,532
88,120,543
NA
1,635
1,350
16,078
NA
688,093
27,482
0
"b
NA
NA
5329
25,617
3,860
NA
22,000
26,000
0
NA
26,706,771
23,836,598
23,244,683
NA
1,551,243,686
1,435,320,443
1355,215,082
NA
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
2380,211
2,233,342
2,227,120
NA
5,822,463
6,622,064
7,456,148
NA
0
0
0
NA
3,852
5,040
0
0
NA
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
136,039
129,787
3,500
NA
22,885,031
24,390,666
24,116.181
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
861
0
884
NA
0
880
0
NA
530,548
780,737
857,453
NA
44,900
47,000
21,100
NA
0
0
0
0
NA
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
1
0
0
NA
79,191,567
76,581,609
80,639,446
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
0
0
0
0
248,014
150,072
- 40,807
74,982
1,440,050
2,192,750
2,062,148
4,059,045
3,885
4,230
19,104
40,210
190
250
5
0
250
250
11,073
11,917
1,821
2,SH
0
0
0
0
166,720
2,914
317,482
1,667,045
22,051,736
20,733,577
21,906,681
47,861,093
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
0
0
0
250
90
0
0
400
1,847
14,997
62,059
558,691
0
0
7
2
5
5
0
0
6
0
254
761
1,8«
26,634
2,200
2,600
0
250
0
0
0
0
599,828
850,357
899,650
3,593,521
Otter
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7S.924
250
138,270
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
60,979
5,168
7,112
4,S62390
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Founds
861
0
884
NA
2,628315
2,384,294
2,267,927
NA
7,794,508
9,686,472
10,438,058
NA
48,785
51,230
40,211
NA
4,047
5,295
5
0
NA
NA
11327
12,678
3,681
NA
2,200
2,600
0
NA
302,760
132,701
320,982
NA
124,789,141
122,561377
127,569,070
NA
Total
Produefian-
reltted
Waste
Pounds
36,230
35350
36,330
NA
19,400,145
23,196,547
16,530,040
NA
85,970,037
100,619,857
109,883,260
NA
52,662
56,988
59,201
NA
692,166
32,167
10
3.S65
NA
NA
31,767
48,136
19,787
NA
24,200
28,601
0
NA
27,074,252
24,021,959
23,587,693
NA
1,816,226,231
1,701,961,019
1,645,649,122
NA
Note Other On-site Waste Management from Section 8 and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding
off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes Production-related Waste from
Section 8 of Form R (total excludes remedial and catastrophic quantities).
147
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-to-year Comparison of TRl Data
Table 3-9, TRI On-slte and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
On-sitc Releases
CAS
Nwnbtr Chcmlcil
5*444.9 Tote^-dite.
eytaite
9f-0S~? TetBene-2,6*
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-to-Year Comparison of TRlData
Table 3-9. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, and Total Production-
related Waste, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
Chemical
To!ueae-2,4-dus
-------
Chapter 3 — year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TFU On-slte and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1988 and 1994-1896, Continued
On-slte Release*
CAS
Number Chemteal
9f-§J*6 1,2,4-Titocfliyt"
betuene
St-79-6 Itefane
7440-62-2 V*ni&un (films
or dust)
103-05-4 Vinyl Kettle
S9J-60-2 VtaytbromWe
7S-OM Vinyl chloride
7S-3S-4 Vtayiufcue chloride
H84S4 m-Xylaw
9S-I7-6 o-Xyle«K
10M2-3 p-Xyfcn*
1330-20-7 * Xytase (rafatd
isemera)
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
S6
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
it
96
95
94
88
96
95
?4
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
f4
88
9fi
95
94
88
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
2,752,443
2,556,977
2,628,405
2,037,740
496
124
11,050
140,500
452
1397
902
3,145
829,617
1,074,152
1,474,604
J.470,618
240
43,460
220
4,000
272,926
322,618
340,498
421,882
82,672
52,166
35324
104,552
4SO.SSQ
379,028
691,696
1,480,104
680,963
765,610
910,532
1,613,292
839,254
1,104,441
808,402
1,651,660
20,296,828
23,070,078
26,115,298
35,175,598
Air
Stacker
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
4,667,587
4,»0,181
5,309,194
2,227,462
12,042
0
0
4,623
1,249
3,952
5,421
14,033
3,010,281
3,030,400
2,920,935
4,616,879
5,600
11,470
2,400
950
746,882
722,047
725,846
1,017,307
94,525
125^43
130,372
191,801
525,195
364,459
289,548
982,939
$50,970
564,177
492,003
628,522
1,997,026
1,819,471
2,612,682
4339,083
62388,723
73,905,928
84,673,110
123,800,493
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
9470
8,432
9,171
w.oas
0
0
0
0
4
5
3,000
4,704
2,393
8,269
1,386
10,021
0
0
0
400
356
525
377
2,051
216
392
215
3,462
635
892
893
2,566
2,503
869
1,148
2,786
477
532
9,690
3,200
39,902
33,805
44,078
204,480
Underground
Injection
Pound*
2,697
1,042
187
7,964
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
300,768
783,829
648,667
2,109,851
0
0
0
0
333
33
1
53
0
0
0
170
45,239
569
250
0
4,760
569
250
250
1,010
569
250
0
132,971
93,396
313,711
144,728
On-slte
Land
Releases
Pounds
29,947
43,916
14,957
61,583
0
0
0
0
16
31,222
31,700
87,296
2,834
1,717
1,775
18,889
0
0
0
0
I
1
6
4,409
I
0
0
429
93,377
13,318
2,708
18,045
88,876
485
2,959
22,461
88,804
29,40!
587
49,226
58,951
101,457
243,345
558,257
Tota!
On-sia-
Releases
Pounds
7,462,244
7,«»,S4S
7,961,914
4,344,837
12.S38
124
11,050
145,123
1,721
36,576
41,023
109,178
4,145,893
4,898,367
5,047,367
8,226,258
5,840
54,930
2,620
S350
1,020,498
1,045,224
1,066,728
1,445,702
177,414
177,901
165,911
300,414
1,114,996
758,266
985,095
2,483,654
1,328,072
1,331,710
1,406,892
2,2673 U
2,926,571
2,954,414
3,431,611
6,045,169
82,917375
97,204,664
111,389,542
159,883,556
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Founds
135,485
41,005
58,889
200,616
3,675
3,750
4,274
1,350
38,641
17,463
7,938
91,559
27,065
41,783
111,072
21,811
a
0
0
0
19,614
15,fi45
20,740
4,555
33
260
2,031
44,281
3,275
8,650
150,720
107,746
4,611
1,152
7,030
52,881
1,114
1,261
3,295
31,108
499,478
573,629
868,326
6,455,161
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Founds
7,597,729
7,641,553
8,020,803
4,545,453
16,213
3,874
1S.324
146,473
40,362
54,039
48,961
200,737
4,172,958
4,940,150
5,158,439
8,248,069
5,840
54,930
2,620
5,350
1,040,112
1,060,869
1,087,468
1,450,257
177,447
178,161
167,942
344,695
1,118,271
766,916
1,135,815
2,591,400
1,332,683
1,332,862
1,413,922
2320,192
2,927,685
2,955,675
3,434,906
6,076,27?
83,416,853
97,778,293
112,257,868
166,338,717
Note.* Docs not include dclislcd chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 aid 1993, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfurw
•cid Qn-iSte Releases from Section 5 and Off-stte Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Foim R Breakdown of Underground
Injection and Qn-site Land Releases (for RCRA SubtltleC landfllls) began in 1996 reporting year
•PcsUcWc
150
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-fo-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, and Total Production-
related Waste, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
Chemical
1,2,4-Tnmeihyl
benzene
Urethane
Vanadium (fiime
or dust)
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
Vraylidene chlonde
m-Xylene
o-Xylene
p-Xylene
Xylene (mixed
isomeEs)
Recycled
Year On-slte
Pounds
96 11,081,130
95 12,135,506
94 16,832,171
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
9fi 233,249
95 164,454
94 135,004
88 NA
96 651,835
95 311,385
94 6,488,533
88 NA
96 0
95 0
94 0
88 NA
96 144,257,010
95 118,321,038
94 301,099,066
88 NA
96 1,540,000
95 1,438,000
94 400,000
88 NA
96 1,413,683
95 1,917,515
94 609,436
88 NA
96 90,138
95 317,695
94 423,414
88 NA
96 195,330
95 468,689
94 763,332
88 NA
96 110,754,065
95 134,886,919
94 124,458,050
88 NA
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
5,247,136
4,669,750
5,241,054
NA
0
0
0
NA
282
217
0
NA
13,459,144
15,379353
14,222,230
NA
0
0
0
NA
34,902,139
23,368,507
12,684,596
NA
81,000
190,253
16,000
NA
130,969
4,141,480
4,422,579
NA
14,825,694
15,563,897
37,094,809
NA
521,427
2,168,729
1,670,795
NA
146,026,399
141,797,405
175,633,688
NA
Treated
On-site
Pounds
153,658,796
26,125,744
10,670,867
NA
0
0
0
NA
2,205
0
0
NA
19,970,650
19,205,133
13,844,895
NA
39
36
13
NA
34,549,160
40,034,145
39,918,964
NA
5,944,435
6,614,873
9393,764
NA
159,029,986
3,100,716
771,485
NA
96,322,056
2,213,038
1,394,758
NA
73,929,099
645,579
379,950
NA
81.266.S75
81,906,637
60,730,962
NA
Total
Oil-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
169,987,062
42,931,000
32,744,092
NA
0
0
0
NA
235,736
164,671
135,004
NA
34,081,629
34,895,871
34,555,658
NA
39
36
13
NA
213,708,309
181,723,690
353,702,626
NA
7,565,435
8,243,126
9,809,764
NA
160,574,638
9,159,711
5,803,500
NA
111,237,928
18,094,630
38,912,981
NA
74,645,856
3,282,997
2,814,077
NA
338,047,039
358,590,961
360,822,700
NA
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
1,052,594
1,072,018
1,125,700
NA
0
0
0
NA
3,236
5,618
7,336
NA
47,199
533,326
253,854
NA
0
0
0
NA
108,475
134,144
68,273
NA
26
55
140
NA
44,221
27,725
30,875
NA
192,724
60,208
51,482
NA
4,462
8,845
2,105
NA
43,676,875
43,915,996
40,062,229
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
3371,314
2,933,728
2,342,592
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
11,097,329
6,534,074
10,392,381
NA
0
0
0
NA
17,000
20,853
14,301
NA
45,180
102,442
250
NA
56,722
233,672
45,869
NA
781,724
1,848,523
2,555,757
NA
21,639
4,048
19,608
NA
68,512,589
70,744,984
76,344,656
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
281,757
333,459
269,521
330,046
175
0
0
3,558
1,705
7
33,476
1,858
1,949,118
8,913,415
4,378,761
354,698
0
0
0
0
57390
58,973
1S8.536
669,044
36,107
86,499
223,917
360,958
101,754
130,247
8,847
113,31!
509,146
465,724
265,893
95,764
115,168
3,831
3,669
48,320
7,986,520
15,005,250
8,707,862
27,191,660
Transfers
toPOTWs
Pounds
331,065
195,328
145,264
501,717
0
1,165
6,939
260
200
310
0
0
144,887
274,652
218,412
2,319,733
0
0
0
0
734
308
326
17,104
90
301
287
3,303
7,046
13,587
3,331
19,708
424,692
381,025
61,941
44,023
2325
5,106
1,457
752
487,905
532,294
645,862
4,160,974
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
41,463
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20,015
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,188
0
0
0
0
8,100
0
0
115
0
0
0
12,864
0
0
0
0
8,590
7,055
6,755
3,852,727
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
5,036,730
4,534,533
3,883,077
NA
175
1,165
6,939
NA
5,141
5,935
40,812
NA
13238,533
16,255,467
15,243,408
NA
0
0
0
NA
183,599
214,278
241,436
NA
81,403
189,297
224,594
NA
217,843
405,231
88,922
NA
1,908,286
2,755,480
2,935,073
NA
143,594
21,830
26,839
NA
120,672,479
130,205,579
125,767364
NA
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
182,627,439
J5,524,929
44,406,087
NA
15,642
5,907
22,015
NA
279,958
267,595
224,029
NA
52,673,663
56,361,995
55389,278
NA
5,839
54,946
2,613
HA
214,928,242
182,942,803
354,986,436
NA
7,919,564
8,592,258
10,200,106
NA
lfil.921,893
10,315397
7,024,513
NA
114,697,510
22,254,843
43,345,283
NA
77,696,140
6,249,139
6,252,518
NA
561,418,451
580,933,456
598,733,979
NA
Note Other On-site Waste Management from Section 8 and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding
off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes Production-related Waste from
Section 8 of Form R (total excludes remedial and catastrophic quantities)
151
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Chemical, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
Os"Slte Releases
CAS
Number Chewteri Yaw
fM2-7 2,6-Xy!Miao fS
95
94
88
7440-6S-S » Zinc (ftae or dust) 96
9S
94
SS
—• Zinc eompmmji 96
95
94
88
iam-e-7 an* 9s
95
94
88
— Mixture* and otter 96
Mdtnime 95
product! 94
88
— Tradesecrett 96
95
94
88
Toed 96
9$
94
«S
Fugitive or
Nonpsfnt Air
Emissions
Pounds
0
54
59
0
633,707
744,226
758,961
1,944,161
2^27,688
1,884,468
1,839,780
3,245,883
0
0
Air
Stacker
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
53
221
122
337
1,001,365
1,272,522
886,234
Ml 1,769
$,506,502
2,740,761
3,047,802
4,017,072
0
0
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
0
0
66
1,537
12,062
53,260
28.12J
849,544
1,065,164
1,057,008
1,318,328
1,200,859
0
0
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
140,010
129,498
212,844
196,748
109,555
0
0
On-stte
Laud
Releases
Pounds
0
0
0
0
6,799,886
6,403,941
1,462,321
25,617,3«5
94,842,199
85,479,438
78,725,112
113363,711
0
0
Tsrtml
OiMlte
Releases
Pounds
53
275
247
1,874
8,447,020
8,473,949
10,135,644
30,062,856
101,871,051
91374,517
85,127,770
121,937,080
0
0
No reports received
250
17,641
126,219
»4,941
628,029
500
250
0
0
276,183,228
304,738,454
351,433,000
680,913,993
1,000
14,424
207,905
43,069
2,822,591
25$
S
470
0
S»,229,S78
886,521,836
928,852,817
1,499,933,328
0
1,030
3,171
23,120
59,210
0
0
0
0
45,144,135
35,918,845
39,794,843
164,551386
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
118,222,387
139,908,494
tl4,!35,7«$
161,969,132
0
27,6»
0
3,442
W.099
0
0
0
0
299,919,550
272,424,S8S
2SS,34l,Z51
459,114,111
1,250
60,713
3373«S
264,572
3,S2S,t29
755
2S5
470
0
1,SS8,759,1?8
1,839,512,237
1,?23,SS7,6?6
2,9«,49S,950
CHT-sitt
Releases
Tranifers
OfMte to
Disposal
Pounds
0
0
0
0
2,477,827
3,528,326
2,273,314
29,642,266
105,122,823
97,453,223
90,128,232
67,269^07
0
0
2,600
14780
4,400
11,498
10,661,927
0
0
0
0
265,005,8*6
2SS,7TJ,»S
259,228,230
386,461,584
Total
On- and
Offrslte
Releases
Pounds
SS
275
247
1,874
10,924,8*7
12,002,275
12,408,958
59,705,122
206,993,874
188,827,740
175,256,002
189,206,587
0
0
3,850
77,493
341,765
276,070
14,187,856
755
2S5
470
0
1,823,765,044
1,895,290,172
1,982,788,906
3,353,»S8,534
Note; Docs not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochtenw acid, and sultoc
acid, Qn-sMe Releases from Section 5 and Ofl-slte Releases ftesn Section 6 {off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Breakdown of Underground
Iiycctkm and On-ste Land Releases (for RCRA Subtitle C landfills) began in I996r«p0ttingyeai-
152
-------
Chapter 3 — Year-to-year Comparison of TRl Data
Table 3-9. TRI Other On-slte Waste Management, Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, and Total Production-
related Waste, 1988 and 1994-1996, Continued
Chemical
2,6-Xyliduie
Zinc (fume or dust)
Zinc compounds
Zineb
Mixtures and other
trade name
products
Trade secrets
Total
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
%
95
94
88
Recycled
On-site
Founds
0
0
0
NA
25,204,044
27,846,197
20,042,768
NA
84,991,928
130,617,09
163,633,079
NA
0
0
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
36,684
8,000
22,015
NA
0
0
0
NA
102,429
446,100
58,249
NA
0
0
Treated
On-site
Pounds
0
303
1,362
NA
2,192,517
1,696,402
2,214,523
NA
3,458,463
4,159,476
3,685,691
NA
0
0
Total
On-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
36,684
8,303
23,377
NA
27396,561
29,542,599
22,257,291
NA
88,552,820
135,222,715
167,377,019
NA
0
0
No reports received
NA
0
8,025
313,923
NA
0
0
1,600,000
NA
6,209,509,900
6,139,069,594
6^18,368,024
NA
NA
0
96,280,793
259,823,536
NA
0
0
0
NA
2,585,785,910
2,688,189,212
3,138,177326
NA
NA
34,000
72,738,249
27,855
NA
0
0
166,452
NA
5,246,425,79!
4,855,675,960
4,566,261,474
NA
NA
34,000
169,027,067
260,165,314
NA
0
0
1,766,452
NA
14,041,721,601
13,682,934,766
14722,806,824
NA
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
63,284353
78,693,641
81,773,312
NA
235,687,595
229346,855
250,149,063
NA
0
0
NA
538,881
19,282
16,656
NA
0
0
597,825
NA
2,094,268,207
2,173,558,832
2,200,760,073
NA
Transfers
to Energy Transfers to
Recovery Treatment
Pounds Pounds
0
0
0
NA
48,635
29,564
146,891
NA
323,618
397,948
411,395
NA
0
0
NA
1,000
373,381
981,824
NA
0
0
750
NA
446,487,845
458,954,630
459,576,125
NA
0
22
459
0
7,925,233
6,446,275
689,740
7,667,102
35,124,148
10,929,317
10,346,123
16,971,970
0
0
250
0
279,375
74,132
749,408
750
0
0
19,000
248,020,028
236,496,866
221,230,371
369,204,491
Other
Transfers Off-site
to POTWs Transfers
Pounds Pounds
0 0
236 0
263 0
0 0
18,590 47,444
34,920 0
38,623 2SO
835,961 4,776,287
410,791 23,997
576,717 84,100
503,802 1,755,480
1,577,974 1,455,138
0 0
0 0
0 0
11,900 2,618
42,946 0
2,149 1,450
186,938 190,046
2,379 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
141,995,045 3,078,759
155,1 73,872 2,186,886
159,934347 5,094,462
254,808,420 43,279,087
Total
Off-site
Waste
Manage-
ment
Pounds
0
258
722
NA
71,324,255
85,204,400
82,648,816
NA
271,570,149
241,334,937
263,165,863
NA
0
0
NA
554,399
714,984
1,076 ,211
NA
3,129
0
598,575
NA
2,933,849,884
J,QS6,371,086
3,046,595,878
NA
Total
Produetion-
- related
Waste
Pounds
36,737
8,786
24,337
NA
110,397,651
124,898,533
118,220,791
NA
563,263,361
567,599,634
585,129,661
NA
0
0
NA
685,593
170,100,659
261,493,601
NA
2,630
40
2,365,127
NA
18,891,598,534
18,658358,849
19,232,528,369
NA
Note1 Other On-site Waste Management from Section 8 and Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section. 6 (excluding
off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R. Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without valid waste management codes. Production-related Waste fan Section
8 of Form R (total excludes remedial and catastrophic quantities)
153
-------
Ill,
Chapter 3 — year-to-year Comparison of TKI Data
154
-------
Chapter 4
Industry Reporting to the Toxics Release
Inventory: Overview
This 1996 TRI Public Data Release presents a more
in-depth examination of industry reporting to TRI
than the summary analyses offered in previous
years. This overview chapter looks briefly at TRI
data by industrial sector and at basic economic data
for the sectors. The next five chapters take a closer
look at five priority sectors: pulp and paper (SIC
code 26), chemical manufacturing (SIC code 28),
petroleum (SIC code 29), primary metals (SIC code
33), and electrical equipment (SIC code 36). A
similar view of reporting by federal facilities
follows in Chapter 10. (Box 4-1 lists the industry
by SIC code; Box 4-2 explains SIC codes
and their use in TRI.)
As noted in Chapter 1, EPA plans to complete and
release the remaining 15 industry chapters in the
summer of 1998,
TRI Data by Industry, 1996
In 1996, across all industries, 21,626 facilities
submitted 71,381 forms to TRI, as shown in Table
4-1. (Facilities submit one Form R or the Form A
certification statement for each chemical). The
21,098 forms submitted by the chemical
manufacturing sector amounted to 29.6% of all
1996 TRI forms. This is three times as many forms
as submitted by the second largest industry sector,
fabricated metals, which filed 7,416 forms, or
10.4% of the total. Primary metals submitted 6,603
forms (9,3%), The fourth largest number of forms
came from the multiple-codes group, those with
more than one two-digit SIC code (see Box 4-2).
Federal facilities reported on a total of 378 forms,
On- and Off-site Releases
Reporting by the chemical industry (SIC code 28),
whichby definition primarily produces chemicals or
manufactures products by processing chemicals,
dominates most categories of TRI date. As shown in
Table 4-2, 785.2 million pounds of on- and off-site
releases were reported in chemical manufacturing
for 1996. This represented 32.3% of all such
releases. Primary metals (SIC code 33) reported the
second largest amount, 564.5 million pounds, or
23.2% of the total, and producers of pulp, paper,
and paper products (SIC code 26) were third, with
227.6 million pounds, or 9.4%. Ranking fourth was
the multiple-codes category, with 120.8 million
pounds, or 5.0%, Federal facilities reported a total
155
-------
Chapter 4—Industry Overview
s>
Box 4-1, Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Codes
Standard Industrial Classification (SiC) Codes
20 Food and kindred products
Manufacture or processing of foods and beverages for human consumption, and related products, such as
manufactured ice, chewing gum, vegetable and animal fate and oils, and prepared feeds for animals and fowls.
21 Tobacco products
Manufacture of cigarettes, cigars, smoking and chewing tobacco, snuff, and reconstituted tobacco. Stemming and
redrying tobacco. Manufacture of non-tobacco cigarettes.
22 Testae mill products
Preparation of fiber and subsequent manufacture of yam, thread, braids, twine, and cordage. Manufacture of
broadwovea fabrics, narrow woven fabrics, knit fabrics, and carpets and mgs from yarn. Dyeing and finishing of
fiber, yarn, fabrics, and knit apparel. Coating, waterproofing or otherwise treating fabrics. Integrated manufacture
of knit apparel and other finished articles from yarn. Manufacture of felt goods, lace goods, nonwoven fabrics, and
miscellaneous textiles.
23 Apparet and other finished products made from fabrics and similar materials
Production of clothing. Fabrication of products by cutting and sewing purchased woven or knit textile fabrics and
related materials, such as leather, rubberized fabrics, plastics, and furs. Manufacture of clothing by cutting and
joining (e.g., by adhesives) material such as paper and nonwoven textiles.
24 Lumber and wood products, except furniture
Cutting timber and pulpwood. Also, merchant sawmills, lath mills, shingle mills, cooperage stock mills, planing
mills, and plywood mills and veneer engaged in producing lumber and wood basic materials. Manufacture of
finished articles made entirely or mainly of wood or related materials.
2S Furniture and fixtures
Manufacture of household, office, public building, and restaurant furniture, and office and store fixtures.
2fi Paper and allied products
Manufacture of pulps from wood and other cellulose fibers and from rags. Manufacture of paper and paperboard.
Manufacture of paper and paperboard into converted products, such as paper coated off the paper machine, paper
bags, paper boxes, and envelopes. Manufacture of bags from plastics film and sheet
2? Printing, publishing, and allied industries
Printing by one or more common processes, such as letterpress, lithography (including offset), gravuxe, or screen.
Bookbinding, platemaking, and other services performed for the printing trade. Publishing newspapers, books, and
periodicals (whether or not the establishment also prints them),
28 Chemicals and allied products
Production of basic chemicals. Manufacture of products by predominantly chemical processes, {Three general
classes of products: 1) basic chemicals, such as acids, alkalis, salts, and organic chemicals; 2) chemical products to
be used in further manufacture, such as synthetic fibers, plastics materials, dry colors, and pigments; 3) finished
chemical products to be used for ultimate consumption, such as drugs, cosmetics, and soaps, or to be used as
materials or supplies in otiier industries, such as paints, fertilizers, and explosives.)
29 Petroleum refining and related industries
Producing gasoline, kerosene, distillate fuel oils, residual fuel oils, and lubricants, through fraetionation or straight
distillation of crude oil, redistillation of unfinished petroleum derivatives, cracking, or otiier processes.
(Establishments also produce aliphatic and aromatic chemicals as byproducts.)
30 Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Manufacture of products, not elsewhere classified, from plastics resins and from natural, synthetic, or reclaimed
rubber, guttapercha, balata, or gutta siak. Includes manufacture of tires.
156
-------
Chapter 4—Industry Overview
Box 4-1. Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Codes, Continued
31 Leather and leather products
Tanning, currying, and finishing hides and skins, Converting leather Manufacture of finished leather and artificial
leather products and some similar products made of other materials.
32 Stone, clay, glass, and concrete products
Manufacture of flat glass and other glass products, cement, structural clay products, pottery, concrete and gypsum
products, cut stone, abrasive and asbestos products, and other products from materials taken principally from the
earth in the form of stone, clay, and sand. (May include mining and quarrying activities operated by
manufacturing establishments in this group,)
33 Primary metal industries
Smelting and refining ferrous and nonferrous metals from ore, pig, or scrap Rolling, drawing, and alloying
metals. Manufacture of castings and other basic metal products. Manufacture of nails, spikes, and insulated wire
and cable. Includes production of coke.
34 Fabricated metal products, except machinery and transportation equipment
Fabrication of ferrous and nonferrous metal products, such as metal cans, tinware, handtools, cutlery, general
hardware, non-electric heating apparatus, fabricated structural metal products, metal forgings, metal stampings,
ordnance (except vehicles and guided missiles), and a variety of metal and wire products, not elsewhere classified.
35 Industrial and commercial machinery and computer equipment
Manufacture of industrial and commercial machinery and equipment and computers. Manufacture of engines
and turbines; farm and garden machinery; construction, mining, and oil field machinery; elevators and conveying
equipment; hoists, cranes, monorails, and industrial trucks and tractors; metalworking machinery; special industry
machinery; general industrial machinery; computer and peripheral equipment and office machinery; and
refrigeration and service industry machinery.
36 Electronic and other electrical equipment and components,, except computer equipment
Manufacture of machinery, apparatus, and supplies for the generation, storage, transmission, transformation, and
utilization of electrical energy. Manufacture of electricity distribution equipment, electrical industrial apparatus,
household appliances, electrical lighting and wiring equipment, radio and television receiving equipment,
communications equipment, electronic components and accessories, and other electrical equipment and supplies.
37 Transportation equipment
Manufacture of equipment for transportation of passengers and cargo by land, air, and water. Includes motor
vehicles, aircraft, guided missiles and space vehicles, ships, boats, railroad equipment, and miscellaneous
transportation equipment, such as motorcycles, bicycles, and snowmobiles.
38 Measuring, analyzing and controlling instruments, photographic, medical, and optical goods;
watches and clocks
Manufacture of instruments (including professional and scientific) for measuring, testing, analyzing, and
controlling, and their associated sensors and accessories; optical instruments and lenses, surveying and drafting
instruments; hydrological, hydrographic, meteorological, and geophysical equipment; search, detection,
navigation, and guidance systems and equipment; surgical, medical, and dental instruments, equipment, and
supplies; ophthalmic goods; photographic equipment and supplies; watches and clocks.
39 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Manufacture of products not classified in any other major manufacturing group. Includes jewelry, silverware,
and plated ware; musical instruments; dolls, toys, games, and sporting and athletic goods; pens, pencils, and
artists' materials; buttons, costume novelties, and miscellaneous notions; brooms and brushes; caskets; and
other miscellaneous products."
Source: Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget, Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987
157
-------
Chapter 4—Industry Overview
£.
Box 4-2. An Explanation of SIC Codes and TRI
An Explanation of SIC Codes and TRI
SIC codes are the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes used throughout the federal government to classify
economic activity by industry. Facilities in the manufacturing sectors, that is, SIC codes 20 through 39, are required to
report to TRI. (As explained in Chapter 1, additional industries will begin reporting with the 1998 reporting year,) Box 4-1
lists the two-digit SIC codes in manufacturing and the primary activities of the industry sectors they designate.
On TRI Form Rs and certification statements, Form As, facilities report the four-digit SIC codes that define their
operations. A facility might report, for example, SIC code 2873, nitrogenous fertilizers. These industries are grouped into
broader categories at the three-digit and two-digit SIC code levels. For example, nitrogenous fertilizers falls into the
agricultural chemicals group at the three-digit level (SIC code 287) and the chemicals and allied products major group (SIC
code 28). Tables in this chapter present data aggregated at the two-digit level.
TRI facilities may report up to six four-digit SIC codes that describe their operations. They submit one Form R or Form A
certification statement for each chemical they are reporting. If all the processes or operations that are associated with a
facility's releases or other waste management of a TRI chemical can be described by one SIC code, then only one SIC code
is reported on the form. If several economic activities, designated by different SIC codes, describe the specific operations
at a facility that are associated with releases or other waste management of a TRI chemical, then the facility will report
those SIC codes (up to six) on the form it submits for that chemical.
Industrial facilities often conduct inter-related operations. They may, for example, manufacture distinct products using
common or related feedstocks. Such products may be classified in similar but separate categories in the SIC system. Thus,
many forms submitted to TRI contain more than one industrial classification. When TRI data are analyzed by industry—
that is, by SIC code—forms that report more than one SIC code must be categorized separately because they do not fall
into the individual industry groups. This affects analyses at the four-digit level, as presented in Chapters 5 through 9, and
it affects analyses when data are aggregated at the two-digit level, as in this chapter.
Four-digit Multiple SIC Codes: Forms that report multiple SIC codes within the same two-digit SIC code are categorized as
"multiple codes" in the analyses of TRI data in Chapters 5 though 9. A facility that produces the pulp used in making
paper and also produces paper itself, for example, will report both SIC code 2611, representing pulp mills, and SIC code
2621, representing paper mills, on the TRI form. In the analyses in Chapter 5 of TRI reporting 01 the pulp and paper sector
(SIC code 26), data from these forms are included in the "multiple-codes" category. In some industrial sectors, such as
chemical manufacturing (SIC code 28, analyzed in Chapter 6), the majority of TRI reporting occurs on forms with multiple
SIC codes at the four-digit level.
Two-digit Multiple SIC Codes: In this chapter, the "multiple codes" category represents forms that report in more man one
two-digit SIC code. For example, a facility may refine petroleum (SIC code 29) and then use that feedstock in the
manufacture of chemicals (SIC code 28); it will report SIC codes in both of these sectors on its TRI forms (such as SIC
codes 2911, petroleum refining, and 2869, industrial organic chemicals). Data from these forms are classified in the "multiple
codes" category in this chapter, where the tables analyze the TRI data at the two-digit level. In this chapter, TRI forms
from the pulp and paper mill would be included in SIC code 26, because both of its four-digit SIC codes fall within SIC code
26.
On forms with more than one SIC code, any SIC code that is not within manufacturing (that is, not within the SIC code
range 20 to 39) is ignored when assigning a form to an industry category. For example, a form with the SIC code 2642
(manufacture of envelopes) and SIC code 5112 (wholesale trade - stationery and office supplies) would be included in SIC
code 2642 in Chapter 5 and in SIC code 26 in this chapter.
Federal Facilities: Federal facilities report the SIC codes that describe their activity; these may or may not fall within the
manufacturing categories, SIC codes 20 to 39, that have reported to TRI since its inception. (As explained in Chapter 1,
additional industries will begin reporting with the 1998 reporting year.) Tables in this chapter incorporate amounts
submitted by federal facilities in the SIC codes they reported, just as is done for private sector facilities. In each table, a
separate summary of federal facilities' data is presented as well, following the totals.
158
-------
Chapter 4—Industry Overview
Table 4-1. TR1 Facilities and Forms, by Industry, 1996
SIC
Code
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Industry
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Hashes
Leather
StoaeClay/Glass
Primary Metals
Fabricated Metals
Machinery
Electrical Equip
Transportation. Equip
Measure /Photo
Miscellaneous
Multiple Codes 20-39
No Codes 20-39
Total
Federal Facilities
Total
Facilities
Number
1,993
29
307
25
765
453
491
241
3,855
401
1,824
89
640
1,902
2,883
1,087
1,233
1,248
291
362
1,271
236
21,626
133
Total
Forms
Number
3,541
61
657
51
1,926
1,250
2,363
483
21,098
3,231
3,747
223
1,716
6,603
7,416
2,791
3,121
4,331
707
766
4,520
779
71,381
378
Form Rs
Number
2,545
61
622
49
1,446
1,224
2,250
475
18,288
2,990
3,404
209
1,517
6,138
6,895
2,619
3,031
4,117
661
710
4,195
701
64,147
330
Form As
Number
996
0
35
2
480
26
113
8
2,810
241
343
14
199
465
521
172
90
214
46
56
325
78
7,234
28
Note Facilities/forms that reported more than one 2-digte SIC code within the range 20 to 39 are assigned to the "rnutaple" category
Facilities/forms with no 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 are assigned to the "no codes 20-39" category,
Table 4-2. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Industry, 1996
On-site Releases
SIC
Code
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Industry
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Pnntng
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay/Glass
Primary Metals
Fabricated Metals
Machinery
Electrical Equip
Transportation Equip
Measure /Photo
Miscellaneous
Multiple Codes 20-39
No Codes 20-39
Total
Federal Facilities
Fugitive or
Nonpomt Air
Emissions
Pounds
21,810,437
61,394
3,217,057
130,287
4,636,576
4,813,779
18,227,534
13,782,537
93,363,107
27,968,469
27,540,757
747,962
1,870,677
38,722,723
23,613,262
6,665,652
6,351,489
28,283,393
2,698,043
1,929,982
26,982,381
1,854,254
355,271,752
2,463,277
Air
Staekor
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
47,253,169
3,453,344
13,125,828
1,663,532
23,856,213
30,910,342
185,722,017
14,579,092
299,070,993
24,132,610
77,774,998
1,906,965
28,158,910
105,958,141
45,578,614
12,373,145
17,401,668
74,410,242
10,503,368
7,478,283
66,599,536
4,905,200
1,096,818,210
1,831,564
Surface
Wafer
Discharges
Pounds
8,983,229
179,701
348,877
7,320
76,874
43
16,008,715
1,670
90,420,803
10,567,225
27,815
53,526
45,443
31,988,843
351,080
34,089
1,462,615
224,148
1,297,561
2,364
10,964363
241,905
173,288,209
384,602
Underground Injection
Class I Class n-V
Wells Welb
Pounds Pounds
1,010
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
200,317,453
2310,233
750
0
500
930,779
563
0
22
0
0
0
11,400
0
203,572,710
0
29,548
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
197,441
8,664
0
0
500
0
7
0
5
0
0
0
10
520,224
756,399
505,541
On-site Releases to Land
RCKA Other
Subtitle C On-site Land
Landfills Releases
Pounds Pounds
28,506
0
0
0
6,039
0
602,265
0
2,689,697
5,685
48,918
0
105,977
22,192,029
204,331
7,144
210,430
86,685
0
11,957
180,840
74,466
26,454,969
23,516
4,438,103
0
173,620
534
9,807
26,641
4,160,489
13,650
68,276,606
1,236,941
398367
6,611
2,416,616
193,591,686
572,609
121,101
225,890
618,616
2,531
8,189
5,680,956
628,674
282,608,237
681,351
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
82,546,002
3,694,439
16,865,382
1,801,673
28,585,509
35,750,805
224,721,020
28,376,949
754,336,100
66,229,827
105,791,605
2,715,064
32,598,623
393,384,201
70,320,466
19,201,131
25,652,119
103,623,084
14,501,303
9,430,775
110,419,486
8,224,723
2,138,770,486
5,889,851 f
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
757,393
458,133
462,148
63,177
7,657,171
125,858
2,842,352
89,070
30,842,063
2,657,431
10,617,686
1,526,825
6,141,803
171,150,982
19,933,901
2,859,589
16,113,258
7,729,685
848,568
839,283
10,359,532
660,188
294,736,096
612,797
Total
On-and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
83,303395
4,152,572
17327,530
1,864,850
36,242,680
35,876,663
227,563,372
28,466,019
785,178,163
68,887,258
116,409,291
4,241,889
38,740,426
564,535,183
90,254,367
22,060,720
41,765377
111,352,769
15,350,071
10,270,058
120,779,018
8,884,911
2,433,506,582
6,502,648
Note On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Forms that reported more than one
2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 are assigned to the "multiple" category Forms with no 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 are assigned to the
"no codes 20-39" category. -|gg
-------
Chapter 4— Industry Overview
of 6,5 million pounds of on- and off-site releases,
representing 0.3% of the total.
In 1996, chemical manufacturing reported the
largest totals in air emissions, surface water
discharges, and on-site underground injection.
Primary metals facilities reported the largest
amounts of on-site land releases and off-site
releases (transfers off-site to disposal). Figure 4-1
displays on- and off-site releases for the industries
with the largest total releases.
Other On-site Waste Management
Of the 17.74 billion pounds reported in other on-site
waste management in 1996, the chemical industry
accounted for 8,33 billion pounds, or 47.0% of the
total (see Table 4-3). This industry also led all three
types of on-site waste management, reporting 45%
or more of on-site recycling (3.73 billion pounds
reported by chemical manufacturers), energy
recovery (1.35 billion pounds), and treatment (3.25
billion pounds). Federal facilities reported 21.8
million pounds of on-site waste management, or
0.1% of die total.
iOO.000,000 1
800,000,000 -
700,000,000 .
600,000,000 .
w 500,000,000 ,
£ 400,000,000 .
300,000,000 ,
200,000,000 ,
100,000,000 ,
0
D Transfers Off-site to Disposal
• Other On-site Land Releases
• RCRA Subtitle C Landfills
• UIJ, Class l!-V Wells
O UJJ, Class I Wells
• Surface Water
• Point Source Air
• Fugitive Air
Chemicals Primary Paper Multiple Plastics
28 Metals 26 Codes 30
33 20-39
All Other
Figure 4-1. TRl On-site and Off-site Releases, Industries with
Largest Totals, 1996
No t« On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form Rand Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R. Forms that reported more than one 2-
digll SIC code wiJhin the range of 20 to 39 are assigned to the "multiple" category UIJ=underground injection
160
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Chapter 4 — Industry Overview
Table 4-3. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, by Industry, 1996
SIC
Code
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Industry
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay/Glass
Primary Metals
Fabricated Metals
Machinery
Electrical Equip
Transportation Equip.
Measure /Photo
Miscellaneous
Multiple Codes 20-39
No Codes 20-39
Total
Federal Facilities
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
216,405,632
9,753
13,085,659
190,976
50,544,925
2,841,917
104,481,896
168,501,410
3,731,246,814
153,400,536
162,062,640
604,322
149,823,758
2,092,485,352
148,030,876
49,613,047
148,298,966
16,523,234
3,960,735
16,533,257
609,928,425
4,021,012
7,842,595,142
12,169,917
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
411,710
0
5,326,659
600
1,538,386
37,467
184,352,318
203,536
1,348,429,666
603,601,392
19,598,143
0
445,258,980
49,768,460
20,976,980
130,702
11,424,647
1,458,959
938,685
3,362,337
40,337,718
24,582,100
2,761,739,445
7,700
Treated
On-site
Pounds
75,715,014
1,329,064
23,627,782
1,049,762
23,482,107
1,181,030
1,022,099,101
61,721,672
3,254,527,247
1,305,533,526
39,036,343
3,620,694
22,702,838
625,844,126
113,727,254
9,438,553
78,313,464
29,517,152
37,645,252
4,770,453
388,721,568
16,257,919
7,139,861,921
9,650,204
Total Other
On-site Waste
Management
Pounds
292,532,356
1,338,817
42,040,100
1,241,338
75,565,418
4,060,414
1,310,933,315
230,426,618
8,334,203,727
2,062,535,454
220,697,126
4,225,016
617,785,576
2,768,097,938
282,735,110
59,182,302
238,037,077
47,499,345
42,544,672
24,666,047
1,038,987,711
44,861,031
17,744,196,508
21,827,821
Note Other On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R Forms that reported more than one 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 are assigned
to the "multiple" category. Forms with no 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 are assigned to the "no codes 20-39" category
For on-site recycling, primary metals reported the
second largest amount, with 2.09 billion pounds, or
26.7% of the total. Petroleum production (SIC code
29) was second for on-site energy recovery, with
603.6 million pounds (21.9%), and for on-site
treatment, with 1.31 billion pounds (18.3%).
Figure 4-2 shows on-site waste management for the
industries with the largest such totals.
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management
As in other aspects of the data, chemical
manufacturing accounted for the largest portion of
transfers off-site for further waste management in
1996. As seen in Table 4-4, the chemicals industry
reported 898.9 million pounds of such transfers, or
28.5% of the total. Primary metals was again
second with 876.0 million pounds, or 27.7%.
Ranking third was electrical equipment (SIC code
36) with 372.7 million pounds, 11.8%. Federal
facilities, with 19.5 million pounds (almost all of
which were transfers to recycling), reported 0.6%
of the total.
Primary metals reported the largest transfers off-site
to recycling, with 796.1 million pounds. Chemical
manufacturing led the other categories, with 378.4
million pounds transferred to energy recovery,
154.3 million pounds to treatment, and 109.5
million pounds to POTWs (sewage treatment).
Figure 4-3 presents off-site transfers for further
waste management for the sectors with the largest
totals.
161
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Chapter 4—Industry Overview
9,000,000,000 -
8.000.000,000 .
7,000.000.000 .
I
6,000.000,000 .
5,000,000,000 .
4,000,000,000 .
3,000.000,000 ,
2,000,000.000 ,
1,000,000,000 .
H Treated On-site
• Energy Recovery On-site
• Recycled On-site
Multiple
Codes
20-39
Figure 4-2. TRI Other On-site Waste Management,
Industries with Largest Totals, 1996
All Other
Note: Other On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R. Forms that reported more than one 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 are assigned
to the "multiple" category.
Economic Overview, by Industry,
1996
Although TRI data present significant information
about toxic chemicals that are released on- and off-
site, managed in waste on- and off-site, and
transferred off-site for further waste management,
they also have limitations. Chapter 1 discusses
some of these. One such limitation is lack of
information on non-TRI sources of releases of TRI
chemicals. Chapter 2 attempts to set TRI data for
some types of chemicals (fertilizers, pesticides, and
volatile organic chemicals) in the context of larger
environmental releases, not reported to TRI.
This year's industry-by-industry view of TRI
reporting addresses another limitation—that TRI
data alone do not distinguish industry-specific
factors that influence the chemicals, amounts, and
types of releases and waste management facilities
report. Each industry chapter in this volume and in
the volume scheduled for publication in summer
1998 offers some economic, technological, and
regulatory information for that sector as a context
for the data reported to TRI.
For each two-digit SIC code, Table 4-5 presents
value of shipments and employment for 1996.
These basic economic data suggest the relative
size of the industrial sectors that report to TRI
(additional sectors will begin reporting in 1999 for
the 1998 reporting year). Economic analyses make
use of value of shipments data as one way to
indicate the size of industrial sectors, because no
direct comparison can be drawn among products
of those sectors. The dollar value of shipments
162
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Chapter 4—Industry Overview ,„,
Table 4-4. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, by Industry, 1996
SIC
Code
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Industry
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay/Glass
Primary Metals
Fabricated Metals
Machinery
Electrical Equip
Transportation Equip
Measure /Photo
Miscellaneous
Multiple Codes 20-39
No Codes 20-39
Total
Federal Facilities
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
1,816,235
165,113
1,013,876
1,440
515,208
6,453,880
2,180,119
3,642,455
256,639,247
18,553,327
11,817,283
337,555
3,672,150
796,078,608
303,449,098
64,012,061
345,621,345
164,986,403
12,245,918
17,835,260
135,247,125
4,310,288
2,150,593,994
18,553,503
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
267,672
0
1,926,069
139,653
2,299,252
5,612,741
7,495,656
3,670,369
378,369,918
657,071
6,750,688
167,073
2,865,219
5,643,584
13,729,060
2,530,890
8,084,043
13,944,925
2,366,341
2,479,411
15,615,643
2,441,292
477,056,570
304,101
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
1,286,750
56,491
523,939
535
491,157
601,162
9,983,082
382,262
154,280,145
2,150,251
3,169,307
29,024
2,987,594
66,153,726
12,677,769
1,316,961
7,294,538
8,676,026
2,480,361
516,301
14,128,226
911,221
290,096,828
590,337
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
20,311,887
267,349
2,287,565
255
32,799
383,502
40,311,407
242,411
109,463,055
4,788,134
2,890,863
1,290,230
1,019,855
7,859,057
6,597,522
4,168,245
10,998,130
5,577,802
930,896
635,395
15,248,528
508,621
235,813,508
71,893
Otter
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
750
0
0
0
12,036
6,295
0
0
104,516
1
24,575
0
16,497
263,705
88,546
2,025,681
694,794
8,146
44,588
0
15,500
750
3,306,380
0
Total Transfers
Off-site for
Further Waste
Management
Pounds
23,683,294
488,953
5,751,449
141,883
3,350,452
13,057,580
59,970,264
7,937,497
898,856,881
26,148,784
24,652,716
1,823,882
10,561,315
875,998,680
336,541,995
74,053,838
372,692,850
193,193^02
18,068,104
21,466,367
180,255,022
8,172,172
3,156,867,280
19,519,834
Note Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Forms that reported more than one 2-
dlgit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 are assigned to the "multiple" category Forms with no 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 are assigned to the
"no codes 20-39" category. Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste management code
provides a rough common measure between, say,
production of 10,000 pairs of shoes and production
of 500,000 loaves of bread. Table 4-5 also includes
total production-related waste reported to TRI for
1996, to allow approximate comparisons wife the
economic activity of the sectors. Percentages
indicate the relative contribution of each sector to
total employment and production (measured by the
dollar-value of shipments) and to the total quantity
of TRI chemicals in production-related waste
reported to TRI. The ratio of total production-
related waste to shipments, in the last column,
compares the reported TRI quantities in each two-
digit sector with that sector's production level for
1996. Many factors influence the differences in TRI
reporting among industrial sectors. Relating TRI
quantities to the dollar value of each sector's
products takes into account one measure of the
differences among sectors in their level of
production in 1996.
In 1996, as shown in Table 4-5, chemical
manufacturing accounted for 4.8% of U.S.
manufacturing employment, 9.9% of fee value of
shipments in U.S. manufacturing, and 45.6% of the
total production-related waste reported to TRI.
Chemical manufacturing had the highest ratio of
production-related waste to value of shipments,
27,303 pounds per million dollar-value. With 4.8%
of the value of shipments and 19.0% of total
production-related waste, primary metals
production had the second-highest ratio, 23,467
pounds of production-related waste per million
dollar-value of shipments. Petroleum production
was third, with 12,367 pounds per million dollar-
value.
163
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Chapter 4—Industry Overview
1,000,000,000
900,000,000 .
800,000,000 .
700,000,000 .
I 600,000,000 .
Q
^ 500,000,000 .
400,000,000 .
300,000,000 .
200,000,000 ,
100,000,000 -
0
• Other Off-site Transfers
D To POTWs
H To Treatment
• To Energy Recovery
• To Recycling
Chemicals Primary Electrical Fabricated Transportation
28 Metals Equip. Metals Equip
33 36 34 37
All Other
Figure 4-3. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management,
industries with Largest Totals, 1996
Note: Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R.
Year-by-Year Compari-
sons, by Industry
Comparisons of TRI data across reporting years
are made on the basis of "core" chemicals that
were reportable in all years with the same
reporting definitions. This assures that apparent
increases or decreases from one year to another
are not the result of changes in the list of TRI
chemicals. Chapter 3 explains the multi-year
comparisons; an understanding of these issues is
essential for accurate interpretation of the multi-
year data presented in this and other industry
chapters.
Progress is measured from TRI's designated
baseline year, 1988, for on-site releases and off-
site transfer types that have been collected since
TRI began. On- and off-site waste management
data, authorized under the federal Pollution
Prevention Act of 1990, have been collected since
1991. This chapter presents industry data for the
appropriate comparison years, as well as data for
the most recent two years, 1995 and 1996.
On- and Off-site Releases,
1995-1996
Table 4-6 summarizes on- and off-site releases by
industry for 1995 and 1996. The net change for the
two-year period was a decrease of 97.3 million
pounds, or 3.8%.
With the largest releases in 1996, chemical
manufacturing also had the largest decrease in
164
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Chapter 4 — Industry Overview
Table 4-5. Employees, Value of Shipments, and Total Production-related Waste, by Industry, 1996
SIC
Code
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Employees
Industry
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay/Glass
Primary Metals
Fabricated Metals
Machinery
Electrical Equip
Transportation Equip
Measure /Photo.
Miscellaneous
Total
Number
, 1,516,600
31,400
576,400
864,900
738,700
514,500
630,600
1,515,000
824,400
106,000
1,017,900
77,200
520,400
687,400
1,483,000
1,980,500
1,556,500
1,466,900
820,700
397,300
17,326,300
Percent
88
02
33
50
43
30
36
87
48
06
59
04
30
40
8.6
11.4
90
85
47
23
1000
Value of Shipments
($000)
461,324,200
34,481,700
80,242,000
77,628,100
106,518,100
55,696,700
160,661,000
195,435,200
367,441,800
174,284,600
150,467,500
9,308,500
82,441,300
178,297,800
214,006,300
381,793,700
320,614,700
465,172,200
151,015,900
48,596,800
3,715,428,100
Percent
124
09
22
21
2.9
1.5
43
53
99
47
40
03
22
48
58
103
86
125
41
13
1000
TRI Total Production-related Waste
Pounds
397,557,868
5,921,753
64,609,067
3,273,589
110,972,285
57,823,940
1,599,797,509
266,207,152
10,032,390,027
2,155,301,359
369,790,262
10,168,880
668,768,984
4,184,091,672
716,239,652
169,485,752
679,402,239
355,169,310
76,477,512
57,640,501
21,981,089,313
Percent
18
00
03
00
05
03
73
12
456
98
17
00
30
190
33
08
3 1
16
03
03
1000
Production-related
Waste per Value
of Shipments
Pounds per Million
Dollar-Value
862
172
805
42
1,042
1,038
9,958
1,362
27,303
12,367
2,458
1,092
8,112
23,467
3,347
444
2,119
764
506
1,186
5,916
Note: Employees and Value of Shipments from U S. Census Bureau, 1996 Annual Survey of Manufactures. Total Production-related Waste from
Section 8 (total of 8 1 through 8.7, Column B) of TRI Form R for 1995 Total Production-related Waste does not include forms reporting more than
one 2-digit SIC code and forms reporting SIC codes outside the 20-to-39 range
Table 4-6. Change in Total TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Industry, 1995-1996
Total On- and Off-site Releases
SIC
Code
20
.21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Industry
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay/Glass
Primary Metals
Fabricated Metals
Machinery
Electrical Equip
Transportation Equip
Measure /Photo.
Miscellaneous
Multiple Codes 20-39
No Codes 20-39
Total
Federal Facilities
1995
Pounds
86,466,520
2,034,129
18,501,494
1,287,024
34,834,946
41,779,889
238,316,638
31,156,331
844,232,213
64,140,915
127,167,993
4,475,689
32,323,553
524,040,619
97,038,621
26,202,906
40,455,697
121,154,521
17,858,774
13,868,918
152,530,504
10,918,043
2,530,785,937
7,801,971
1996
Pounds
83,303,395
4,152,572
17,327,530
1,864,850
36,242,680
35,876,663
227,563,372
28,466,019
785,178,163
68,887,258
116,409,291
4,241,889
38,740,426
564,535,183
90,254,367
22,060,720
41,765,377
111,352,769
15,350,071
10,270,058
120,779,018
8,884,911
2,433,506,582
6,502,648
Change
Pounds
-3,163,125
2,118,443
-1,173,964
577,826
1,407,734
-5,903,226
-10,753,266
-2,690,312
-59,054,050
4,746,343
-10,758,702
-233,800
6,416,873
40,494,564
-6,784,254
-4,142,186
1,309,680
-9,801,752
-2,508,703
-3,598,860
-31,751,486
-2,033,132
-97,279,355
-1,299,323
1995-1996
Percent
-37
104 1
-63
449
40
-141
-45
-86
-70
74
-85
-52
199
77
-70
-158
32
-8 1
-140
-259
-208
-186
-38
-167
Note On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Forms that reported more than one
2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 are assigned to the "multiple" category Forms with no 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 are assigned to the
"no codes 20-39" category
165
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Chapter 4—Industry Overview
releases from 1995 to 1996. This reduction was
59.1 million pounds, or 7.0%. The second-largest
reduction was reported in the multiple-codes
category, a 31.8-million-pound decrease, or
20.8%. Two industries also reporting decreases
of more than 10 million pounds were plastics
(SIC code 30; 10.8 million pounds, or 8.5%) and
paper (also with 10.8 million pounds, or 4.5%).
With the second-largest total releases in 1996,
primary metals had the largest increase from
1995 to 1996. Reporting 40.5 million pounds
more in on- and off-site releases in 1996 than in
1995, this sector had an increase of 7.7%.
Ranking second for 1995-1996 increases was the
manufacture of stone/clay/glass products (SIC
code 32), an increase of 6.4 million pounds, or
19.9%.
From 1995 to 1996, thirteen industry sectors
reported decreases, as did the multiple-codes
category and a category which includes all the
forms mat failed to report an SIC code. Federal
facilities reported a decrease of 1.3 million
pounds, or 16.7%. In comparison, seven sectors
reported increases.
On- and Off-site Releases, 1988 and
1994-1996
From 1988 to 1996, on- and off-site releases
decreased from 3.35 billion pounds to 1.82
billion pounds, as shown in Table 4-7 which
summarizes release data for all sectors. This
amounted to a reduction of 1.53 billion pounds,
or 45.6%.
Chemical manufacturing contributed more than
one third (35.0%) of this reduction. On- and off-
site releases for the chemical manufacturing
sector were 1.05 billion pounds in 1988, but
decreased by more than half (51.0%) to 513.0
million pounds in 1996. This reduction of 534.7
million pounds was by far the largest decrease
among the sectors. The second-largest reported
decrease occurred in the multiple-codes category,
from 308.4 million pounds in 1988 to 91.2 billion
pounds in 1996 (217.2 million pounds, or 70.4%).
In two other sectors, the net reduction totaled more
than 100 million pounds each: Primary metals
reported 629.4 million pounds in 1988 and 496.7
million pounds in 1996, a difference of 132.7
million pounds or a 21.1% reduction. Makers of
transportation equipment (SIC code 37) reported
208.4 million pounds in 1988 and 105.2 million
pounds in 1996, a decrease of 103.2 million
pounds, or 49.5%.
From 1988 to 1996, on- and off-site releases
decreased for all but one of the sectors. The
exception was apparel (SIC code 23), for which
releases increased from 1.0 million pounds in 1988
to 1.7 million pounds in 1996, a 69.8% increase.
Federal facilities were not required to report before
the 1994 reporting year. They reported a 48.3%
decrease (3.8 million pounds) from 1994 to 1996.
Actual and Projected Quantities of
TRI Chemicals in Waste, 1995-1998
Table 4-8 presents the change in total production-
related waste projected by industries through 1998.
As described in Chapter 2, on each Form R that it
submits, a facility reports actual waste management
quantities for the current and prior years and
projected quantities for the next two years.
In 1996, projections for production-related waste
amounted to an increase of 3.2% by 1998. Apparel,
plastics, and industrial machinery were the sectors
projecting the largest percentage decreases by
1998; these were 28.5% reduction for apparel,
24.3% for plastics, and 17.9% for machinery. Food
and beverage processors projected the greatest
percentage increase, 83.1%. No other industry
projected a net change—either increase or
decrease—of more than 10%. Federal facilities
projected an increase of 108.2 million pounds, or
227%. Much of this increase is due to one
facility—the U.S. Army facility in Radford,
166
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Chapter 4—Industry Overview w,
Table 4-7. Change in Total On-site and Off-site Releases, by Industry, 1988 and 1994-1996
SIC
Code
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Total On- and Off-site Releases
Industry
Pounds
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay/Glass
Primary Metals
Fabricated Metals
Machinery
Electrical Equip
Transportation Equip
Measure./Photo.
Miscellaneous
Multiple Codes 20-39
No Codes 20-39
Total
Federal Facilities
1988
Pounds
8,377,717
341,927
35,798,377
1,025,697
32,981,807
62,363,120
207,603,004
61,187,518
1,047,782,223
72,780,821
158^13,799
13,023,617
40,539364
629353,951
160,369,759
69,747,296
132,719,036
208,391,846
58,084,824
32,592,710
308351,079
11,229,042
3352,958,534
NA
1994
Pounds
6,013,560
134,771
16346332
1380,947
32,984266
52,134,945
185,334,196
34,386,679
537,482,685
46,877,100
125,462,108
5,104391
17,359,182
433,885,649
99,572,056
27,120,215
36,671,754
128,139353
14328,227
15350,168
149,011,079
17,704,243
1,982,785,906
7,920,210
1995
Pounds
5,120,357
95,226
15,655,607
1,259,986
30,434,637
41,530300
178,774,984
30,895,852
539,600,255
42,593318
114,765,358
4,026,421
19,053390
455,029,353
90,440,941
22,851,633
31,457,129
114,746,256
12,955,213
13,285,855
122,436,826
8,281,275
1,895,290,172
5,907,355
1996
Pounds
5,120,503
73,415
15,280,411
1,741,831
27,116,641
35,651,541
172,799,131
28,269,786
513,043,111
43,076,652
105,358,191
3,813,502
23363,716
496,662,641
77,610,533
19,162,054
33,753,037
105,231,558
10,358,619
9,843,403
91,157,789
5,376,979
1,823,765,044
4,091,563
Change
Pounds
-3,257,214
-268,512
-20,517,966
716,134
-5,865,166
-26,711,579
-34,803,873
-32,917,732
-534,739,1 12
-29,704,169
-52,955,608
-9,210,115
-17^75,648
-132,691,310
-82,759,226
-50,585,242
-98,965,999
-103,160388
-47,726,205
-22,749,307
-217,193,290
-5,852,063
-1,529,193,490
NA
1988-1996
Percent
-389
-785
-573
698
-178
-42.8
-168
-538
-510
-408
-334
-707
-426
-21 1
-516
' -725
-746
-495
-822
-69.8
-70.4
-521
-456
NA
Note Does not include dehsted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990,1991,1994,and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfiine acid. On-slte
Releases ftom Section. 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases torn Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) ofFonn R Forms that reported more than one 2-digit SIC code
within the range of 20 to 39 are assigned to the "multiple" category. Forms with no 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 are assigned to the "no codes 20-39"
category NA*FederaIfecilitiesnotrecpnredtoreportbeforel994.
Table 4-8. Actual and Projected Total Production-related Waste, by Industry, 1996-1998
Total Production-related Waste ,
SIC
Code
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Industry
Pounds
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Futmtais
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay/Glass
Primary Metals
Fabricated Metals
Machinery
Electrical Equip
Transportation Equip
Measure /Photo
Miscellaneous
Multiple codes 20-39
No codes 20-39
Total
Federal Facilities
Current Year
1996
Pounds
397,557,868
5,921,753
64,609,067
3,273,589
110,972,285
57,823,940
1,599,797,509
266,207,152
10,032,390,027
2,155,301,359
369,790,262
10,168,880
668,768,984
4,184,091,672
716339,652
169,485,752
679,402339
355,169,310
76,477,512
57,640,501
1,344,788,998
90,462,402
23,416,340,713
47491,818
1997
Pounds
653,060,717
6,058,749
63,000,446
2,670,153
112364,213
55386,126
1,607,516,198
271,986,787
10,353,025,860
2,149,256,710
317,102,112
9,620,096
655,757,904
4,157,446,855
686,697,161
154,171,333
688,507,504
349,768,654
75,297,949
57,076,721
2,035,461,325
83350394
24,544,483,867
43,616,949
Projected
1998
Founds
727,957,485
6,208,774
59,903,878
2,341,081
105347,446
55,415,684
1,592,387,416
273,386,005
10,711,018,548
2,154,256,626
279,769,639
9,379,954
661,882,280
4,098,770,311
685,478373
139,198,996
709,503,469
352,591,138
75,531,810
57,369,703
1328,724,148
86,893,334
24,173,215,978
155,744,502
Change
1996-1997
Percent
643
23
-25
-184
13
-44
05
22
32
-03
-142
-54
-19
-06
-41
-90
13
-15
-15
-10
514
-79
48
-84
1996-1998
Percent
83 1
48
-73
-285
-52
-42
-05
27
68
-00
-243
-78
-10
-20
-43
-179
44
-07
-12
-05
-12
-39
32
2273
Note Data ftom Section 8 (Total of 8.1 through 8,7) of Form R for 1996 Prioryear is Column A, current year is Column B, 1997 is Column C and 1998 is Column
D Forms that reported more than one 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 are assigned to the "multiple" category Forms with no 2-digit SIC code within
the range of 20 to 39 are assigned to the "no codes 20-39" category. NA: Federal facilities not required to report before 1994
167
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Chapter 4—Industry Overview
Table 4-9. Total Production-related Waste, by Industry, 1991 and 1994-1996
Total Production-related Waste
SIC
Code
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Change
Industry
Pounds
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
I'Uitics
Leather
Stonc.'eiay.'Glass
Primary Metals
Fabricated Metals
Machinery
Electrical Equip.
Transportation Equip.
MessureJPhoto.
Miscellaneous
Multiple Codes 20-39
No Codes 20-39
Total
Federal Facilities
1991
Pounds
63,066,268
51,405,093
51,580,594
2,340,880
68,482,868
62,158,973
1,401,164,200
259,904,658
7,588,654,698
1,171,406,294
457,662,674
18,010,356
945,494,178
2,306,289,254
639,270,669
220,732,830
663,918,802
382,686,549
114,962,999
59,754,379
1,948,479,575
167,790,586
18,645,217,377
NA
1994
Pounds
72,118,666
238,686
49,696,040
2,450,405
62,445,982
69,100,903
1,390,873,031
238,262,543
7,960,775,406
1,272,138,197
511,959,880
8,750,968
1,003,550,335
3,125,155,465
802,980,329
168,142,108
547,072,102
413,901,849
73,269,084
62,368,995
1,243,934,543
216,475,822
19,295,661,339
36,195,048
1995
Pounds
71,156,494
150,596
46,439,252
2,081,936
117,713,741
64,657,002
1,317,034,610
291,227,127
7,945,305,210
1,006,857,742
498,365,536
7,542,055
835,143,656
3,201,648,708
676,733,941
154,403,423
592,043,373
377,430,033
73,757,533
55,563,414
1,344,098,604
89,307,448
18,768,661,434
77,626,788
1996
Pounds
70,151,157
107,615
46,960,548
2,983,859
108,000,702
57,110,926
1,305,706,645
265,137,838
7,944,446,007
1,812,421,303
338,869,255
6,287,054
642,733,737
3,247,781,282
676,808,105
159,614,838
612,154,741
334,876,290
67,302,183
55,967,458
1,175,283,275
78,091,387
19,008,796,205
46,040,436
1995-1996
Percent
-14
-28.5
1.1
433
-83
-117
-09
-90
-00
800
-320
-166
-230
14
00
34
34
-113
-88
07
-126
-126
13
-407
1991-1996
Percent
112
-998
-90
275
577
-81
-68
20
47
547
-260
-651
-320
408
5.9
-277
-78
-125
-415
-63
-397
-535
19
NA
Note. Docs not include dclisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994 and 1995, and ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfiinc acid. Data from Section 8 (Total of 8 1
through 8.7, Column B) of Form R of year indicated. Forms that reported more than one 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 are assigned to the "multiple"
category. Forms with no 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 are assigned to the "no codes 20-39" category
Virginia, which projected an increase in nitric acid
of 115.0 million pounds in on-site recycling and
treatment. Without this form, the projection by
federal facilities would be a decrease of 24.3%.
Waste Management Data, 1991 and
1995-1996
As discussed in Chapter 3, total production-related
waste has fluctuated since 1991, when TRI began
collecting waste management data. From 1995 to
1996, production-related waste increased 1.3%.
Overall, from 1991 to 1996, production-related
waste has increased 1.9%. Table 4-9 reviews these
changes by industry.
Forms with multiple SIC codes reported the largest
decrease in production-related waste: a decrease of
773.2 million pounds from 1.95 billion pounds in
1991 to 1.18 billion pounds in 1996. This
represented a 39.7% decrease. Other industries with
large overall decreases were stone/clay/glass
products, with a decrease of 302.8 million pounds
(32.0%) from 945.5 million pounds to 642.7
million pounds, and plastics, with a decrease of
118.8 million pounds (26.0%) from 457.7 million
pounds to 338.9 million pounds.
Primary metals reported the largest increase in
production-related waste from 1991 to 1996, 941.5
million pounds. With 2.31 billion pounds reported
in 1991 and 3.25 billion pounds in 1996, this
constituted a 40.8% increase. Second was
petroleum, with an increase of 641.0 million
pounds, or 54.7% (from 1.17 billion pounds in 1991
to 1.81 billion pounds in 1996). Third for increases
was chemicals, with an increase of 355.8 million
pounds, or 4.7% (from 7.59 billion pounds to 7.94
billion pounds).
168
-------
These six industries, with the largest increases and
decreases, were the only industries with changes of
more than 100 million pounds across the five years.
Federal facilities were not required to report in
1991.
Economic Overview, by Industry,
Multi-Year Comparisons
1996 was the sixth year in a relatively long period
of moderate expansion in the United States
economy. The economy as a whole grew "at a rate
of 2.8% for the year, as measured by real gross
domestic product (Economic Report of the
President, February 1998). Manufacturing output
grew at a rate of 1.0% for the year, somewhat
slower than in the previous several years.
Chapter 4—Industry Overview ,„„
Table 4-10 presents production indexes for each
industrial sector from 1989 to 1996. These indexes
measure real output (unlike the value of shipments
data). As shown in the table, production increased
17.6% from 1989 to 1996 for U.S. manufacturing
overall. Table 4-11 compares the change in
manufacturing production since 1989 with the
change in TRI on- and off-site releases and
transfers off-site for treatment. As shown in Table
4-11, reported amounts of these TRI releases and
transfers have steadily decreased since 1989, even
as manufacturing production recovered from small
decreases hi the early years of the period and
expanded through 1996. Overall, while
manufacturing production increased 17.6% from
1989 to 1996, TRI on- and off-site releases and
transfers off-site for treatment decreased 39.0%.
Table 4-10. Industrial Production Indexes by Industry, 1989-1996
SIC
Code
Total Index
Industry
Manufacturing
20
21
22
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay/Glass
Primary Metals
Fabricated Metals
Machinery
Electrical Equip
Transportation Equip
Measure /Photo
1989
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
100.0
1000
1000
1000
1000
woo
1000
1000
100.0
100.0
1000
100.0
1000
1000
1000
1990
99.9
995
101 1
1000
966
974
985
1006
996
1023
1010
101 1
963
978
991
966
972
1022
973
1002
1991
97.9
97,2
1026
938
961
906
926
1015
957
101.4
998
995
87.9
905
922
918
926
1044
918
1016
1992
1010
1010
1043
949
1036
959
977
1048
966
1052
1007
109.6
89.4
93 1
95.3
954
97.1
116.6
95.1
101.8
1993
1044
1047
1065
797
109.3
967
1022
1090
974
1062
1036
1171
903
95 1
1006
996
106.7
1282
987
1024
1994
1097
1105
108 1
984
1148
1015
1054
1136
971
1095
1037
127.3
836
1005
107,7
106.9
1217
147.2
1022
101.7
1995
1132
1143
1102
1008
1139
1018
1061
1152
964
112.0
1052
1304
766
1016
1103
1104
1373
1727
99.9
102.2
1996
1164
117.6
1109
1002
1106
1053
106.3
1132
952
1144
1073
1322
715
1034
1116
1132
151.8
1903
101.0
1047
Note: 1989=100 Beginning 1990, data for production indexes based on 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC), earlier years based on 1977 SIC Data not
provided for apparel industry (SIC code 23)
From 1997 Statistical Abstract of She United States No 1227 Industrial Production Indexes, by Industry-1980 to 1996 (Source Board of Governors of the
Federal Reserve System, Federal Reserve Bulletin, monthly, m&. Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization, Statistical Release G 17, monthly}
169
-------
Chapter 4—Industry Overview
Table 4-11. Cumulative Change in Manufacturing Production and in TRI Releases and Transfers Off-site to
Treatment and Disposal, 1989-1996
1989-1990 1989-1991 1989-1992 1989-1993 1989-1994 1989-1995 1989-1996
Manufacturing Production
TRI Releases and Transfers Off-site
to Treatment and Disposal
-0.5 -28 10 47 105 143 176
-57 -19.7 -23.9 -301 -348 -37.0 -390
Note: Docs not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added inl990,1991,1994, and 1995, aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfunc acid
Cumulative change in manufacturing production based on 1997 Statistical Abstract of the UnitedStates No 1227 Industrial Production Indexes, by Industry: 1980
to 1996 (Source: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Federal Reserve Bulletin Monthly, and Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization,
Statistical Release G. 17, monthly). TRI Releases from Section 5 and Transfers Off-site to Treatment and Disposal from Section 6 of TRI Form R (excludes
transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported 1991 through 1996)
170
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Chapter 5
Toxics Release Inventory Data
for Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26)
A Look at the Paper and
Allied Products Industry
(SIC Code 26)
The pulp and paper industry, SIC code 26,
manufactures pulp, paper, and paper products such
as boxes and bags. Primary products in the sector
are pulp (SIC code 261), paper (SIC code 262), and
paperboard (SIC code 263). Secondary products are
paperboard containers and boxes (SIC code 265)
and other converted paper and paperboard products
(SIC code 267). Box 5-1 lists industrial activities at
the four-digit SIC code level for Paper and Allied
Products, SIC code 26. In TRI, SIC codes are given
as reported by the facilities; these may differ from
information in economic and other data collections.
Pulp and paper manufacturers shipped $160.7
billion in products in 1996, down from a peak of
$173.7 billion in 1995 (in current dollars).
Employment in 1996 was 630,600. Most U.S. paper
is sold in the United States, but exports have
contributed to the industry's growth over the last
decade. By 1992, U.S. exports had overtaken those
of Sweden and Finland to place the United States
second only to Canada in its share of the world
export market. At the same time, the domestic
market is strong: United States consumes more
paper and paper products per person than any other
country. U.S. production of paper and paper
products grew more rapidly than manufacturing as a
whole from 1989 to 1995, but declined in 1996.
Overall, because production slowed in 1996, the
pulp and paper sector increased production 13.2%
from 1989 to 1996, compared to 17.6% for all
manufacturing sectors (see Chapter 4, Table 4-10).
As is evident in the analyses presented in this
chapter, the primary products—pulp, paper, and
paperboard—are generally associated with larger
releases and other waste management of TRI
chemicals. Among secondary products,
miscellaneous coated and laminated paper
manufacturing (SIC code 2672) represents another
large source.
Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard
Pulp and paper mills tend to be large, employing
more than 100 workers, and capital intensive.
Economically, pulp, paper, and paperboard mills
represent about a third of the sector—$65.3 billion
in shipments in 1996 and employment of 186,200.
Paper mills alone account for most of this economic
activity ($39.6 billion in shipments; 116,400
171
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Chapter 5 — TRI Data for Pulp and Paper
Box 5-1. SIC Code 26, Paper and Allied Products: Codes and Classifications
SIC Code
Industry Descriptions
261 Pulp Mills
2611 Pulp Mills
262 Piper Mills
2621 PapcrMiUs
263 Fspcrbourd Mils
2631 Paperboarf Mills
265 P»pcrbo»rd Containers and Boxes
2652 Setup Paperboatd Boxes
2653 Corrugated and Solid Fiber Boxes
2655 Fiber Cans, Tubes, Drums, and Similar Products
2656 Sanitary Food Containers, Breept Folding
2657 Folding Paperboaid Boxes, Including Sanitary
267 Converted Paper Products, Except Boxes
2671 Packaging Paper and Plastics Film, Coated and Laminated
2672 Coaled and Laminated Paper, neo*
2673 Plastics, Foil, and Coated Papa-Bags
2674 Uncoated Paper and MultiwaU Bags
2675 Die-Cut Paper and Paperboard and Cardboard
2676 Sanitary Paper Products
2677 Envelopes
2678 Stationery, Tablets, and Related Products
2679 Converted Paper and Paperboaid Products, nee*
Manufacture of pulp from wood, rags, haters, wastepaper, and straw.
Manufacture of paper and converted paper products from wood and other
fiber pulp.
Manufacture of paperboard and converted paperboard products from wood
and other fiber pulp
Manufacture of setup paperboard boxes from purchased paperboard.
Manufacture of corrugated and solid fiber boxes and related products from
purchased paperboard of fiber stock
Manufacture of fiber cans, cones, drums, and similar products from
purchased materials.
Manufacture of nonfolding food containers from special foodboatd
Manufacture of folding paperboard boxes from purchased paperboard.
Manufacture of coated or laminated flexible materials made of paper,
plastics film, metal foil, and like materials for packaging purposes.
Manufacture of miscellaneous coated, laminated, or processed paper and
film from purchased paper, except for packaging
Manufacture of bags of unsupported plastics film, coated paper, metal foil,
or combinations of these matenals
Manufacture of uncoated paper bags or multiwall bags and sacks
Die-cutting purchased paper and paperboard and manufacture of cardboard
by laminating, lining, or surface-coating paperboard.
Manufacture of sanitary paper products from purchased paperboard
Manufacture of all types of envelopes from purchased paper and
paperboard
Manufacture of stationery, tablets, fillers, and related items from purchased
paper.
Manufacture of miscellaneous converted paper or paperboard products
Sources; Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget, Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987 Standard Industrial Classification
(SIC) codes and industry descriptions.
*tux: not elsewhere classified
employees). Paper mills produced 95% of U.S.-
made paper in 1992, which represents a high degree
of concentration; in many industrial sectors,
production tends to be more diversified among
manufacturers of related products. (In economic
analyses, integrated mills that produce hoth pulp
and paper are generally counted as paper mills if
they primarily ship paper or paper products.)
Overall, the pulp and paper sector is the country's
largest industrial process water user. Although there
are fewer pulp mills and they represent a smaller
economic segment ($5.5 billion in shipments;
15,000 employed) of the pulp and paper sector,
pulping processes are the sector's primary source of
air emissions and water discharges of pollutants.
Chemical pulping (to digest a material, typically
wood, into its fibrous cellulose constituents) is the
most widely used pulping method (85% in 1991);
172
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Chapters-
• TRI Data for Pulp and Papei
much less pulp is produced by mechanical or semi-
chemical processes. Kraft chemical pulping, an
alkaline process whose active components are
primarily sodium sulfide and sodium hydroxide, is
the sector's greatest source of air pollutants. Less
frequently, sulfite pulping, an acid process, is used.
Its mam components are calcium, sodium,
magnesium, or ammonium sulfites.
For many paper grades, bleaching follows pulping.
Traditional chlorine bleaching generates chlorinated
byproducts—chloroform, dioxins, furansT—that
pose particular environmental concerns for their
persistence, bioaccumulatability, and toxicity.
Increasingly, pulp and paper mills have substituted
chlorine dioxide for chlorine in bleaching
processes. Use of chlorine dioxide results in less
formation of chlorinated organics and in lower
chemical consumption. As discussed later in this
chapter, a major influence on this trend has been
EPA's new "Cluster Rule," which combines air and
water regulations for pulp and paper. The rule was
proposed in December 1993 and made final in
November 1997. During the four years that it was
under public debate, it helped focus attention on
two alternatives to traditional chlorine bleaching: a
Totally Chlorine Free (TCF) process or an
Elemental Chlorine Free (ECF) process.
Substitution of chlorine dioxide, accepted in the
final Cluster Rule, is considered an ECF process.
The ECF process makes fewer chlorine atoms
available for reactions with environmentally
harmful effects, but it also alters other patterns of
chemical use and chemical releases in pulp- and
papermaking. Methanol or "wood alcohol," the
chemical with the largest TRI releases (principally
air emissions) from this sector, is formed in the
chemical pulping process as wood chips are
"cooked" to dissolve the lignin bonds that hold
cellulose fibers together. In the ECF process,
however, methanol is used as a feedstock in the
production of chlorine dioxide, which some mills
manufacture on-site. Generation of chlorine dioxide
also produces chlorine as a by-product, and this
process chlorine may be used as a feedstock to
generate hypochlorous acid, another bleaching
agent (and not a TRI chemical).
Products Made from Paper and
Paperboard
A greater number of facilities convert paper and
paperboard to other products than those that mill
pulp, paper, or paperboard. These facilities tend to'
be smaller and more labor intensive. Economically,
the largest single segment of the pulp and paper
sector is the miscellaneous converted paper
products industry (SIC code 267), which shipped
$54.9 billion in 1996 and employed 232,400. These
facilities manufacture goods from purchased paper
or paperboard; they may also press and mold pulp
to form (non-art) papier-mache articles. Production
of paperboard containers and boxes (SIC code 265)
is the third largest segment of the sector.
Manufacturers in SIC code 265 shipped $40.4
billion in products in 1996, employing 212,000.
From purchased materials, these facilities make
paperboard, corrugated and solid fiber boxes, fiber
cans and drums, food containers (from special food
board), and folding paperboard boxes.
As seen in the analyses below, coated and
laminated paper products are also associated with
significant reporting of releases and other waste
management of TRI chemicals. Coatings are
applied to paper to enhance its optical or printing
properties—to give it gloss, brightness, whiteness,
or color. Nearly all magazines, for example, are
printed on coated paper. Coatings may also be used
to strengthen the physical properties of paper or
paperboard, making products such as packaging
sturdier or more resistant to moisture. Clays (and
kaolin), plastics, adhesives, and other substances
are used. Constituents of coatings may include
mineral pigments (for brightness or color), a binder
such as latex to adhere the pigment to the paper
surface, and water-soluble polymers to control
dispersion of the pigments and viscosity of the
coating. Blade coating is a common coating process
in which paper is fed through a liquid coating, past
a blade that scrapes off the excess, and through an
173
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Chapter 5 — TRI Data for Pulp and Paper
Table 5-1. Summary of TRI Information by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26
Total Total
On- *nd Production-
OfT-sltc related SIC
Releases Waste Code
Rank Rank
4
3
2
14
12
10
8
6
5
11
13
IS
9
1
7
2
3
4
13
7
12
10
6
5
11
14
15
8
1
9
2611
2621
2631
2653
2655
2656
2657
2671
2672
2673
2674
2676
2679
Total
Industry Facilities
Number
Pulp Mills
Paper Mills
Paperboard Mills
Corrugated & Solid Fiber Boxes
Fiber Cans, Drums & Similar Products
Sanitary Food Containers
Folding Paperboard Boxes
Paper Coated & Laminated, Packaging
Paper Coated & Laminated, nee*
Bags: Plastics, Laminated, & Coated
Bags: Uncoated Paper & Multiwall
Sanitary Paper Products
Converted Paper Products, nee*
Multiple within SIC 26
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 26
Total for SIC Code 26
26
110
56
12
5
3
13
46
70
5
3
2
17
115
8
491
Total
Forms
Number
209
467
304
14
7
4
19
100
227
6
3
2
35
952
14
2,363
Form As
Number
8
26
22
3
0
0
0
4
10
0
12,011
0
0
39
1
113
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
21,932,096
36,769,466
43,028,170
12
80,703
193,014
467,546
9,608,263
11,207,875
102,805
0
251
382,597
100,737,511
198,700
224,721,020
Total
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
33,842
892,255
9,869
755
6,973
0
0
115,960
202,065
1
0
59,235
950,647
570,750
2,842,352
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
21,965,938
37,661,721
43,038,039
767
87,676
193,014
467,546
9,724,223
11,409,940
102,806
12,011
251
441,832
101,688,158
769,450
227,563,372
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R. On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to
disposal) of Form R.Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R,
Total Production-related Waste sums Section 8 (Current Year, Column B) of Form R, except Non-production-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic
incidents). Facilities/forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 26 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*ncc: not elsewhere classified.
oven for drying. Pollutants associated with various
coating materials and processes have included
emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
and discharges of wastewater containing solvents,
colorants, and other contaminants. Environmental
improvements in the industry include conversion
from solvent-based to aqueous systems and
installation of recovery systems to allow at least
partial reuse of wastewater.
Other Environmental Developments
The environmental change in the paper industry
that is most visible to the public is its recycling of
end products to raw material. The United State's
recovers, consumes, and exports more recovered
paper and paperboard than any other country. The
environmental efficiency of reclaiming fiber from
paper and paper goods varies with the quality of the
type and source of the material. Pulping secondary
fiber involves removing contaminants (including
ink). These may be minimal, in paper waste from
the mill itself, but much greater, for example, in
post-consumer newsprint. Paper and paperboard
mills consumed 28.9 million metric tons of
recovered paper and paperboard in 1996, one-third
of the raw material used.
Consumer interest in both recycled paper and
environmentally preferable bleaching methods have
played a role in encouraging change in pulp and
paper manufacture. Paper purchases for
publications that bear the "printed on recycled
paper" imprint represents one such market
influence. One of the largest customers in the paper
business, both directly and through its contractors,
is the federal government, which under Executive
Order 12873 requires a minimum recycled fiber
content in federal purchases of uncoated printing
and writing papers. At its signing in October 1993,
the Executive Order required a 50% post-consumer
recycled fiber content; in March 1996, this was
lowered to 20%.
174
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Chapter S — TRt Data for Pulp and Paper
Table 5-1. Summary of TRl Information by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26, Continued
SIC
Code
2611
2621
2631
2653
2655
2656
2657
2671
2672
2673
2674
2676
2679
Industry
Pulp Mills
Paper Mills
Paperboard Mills
Corrugated & Solid Fiber Boxes
Fiber Cans, Drams & Similar Products
Sanitary Food Containers
Folding Paperboard Boxes
Paper Coated & Laminated, Packaging
Paper Coated & Laminated, nee*
Bags. Plastics, Laminated, & Coated
Bags: Uneoated Paper & Multiwall
Sanitary Paper Product
Converted Paper Products, nee*
Multiple within SIC 26
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 26
Total for SIC Code 26
Total Transfers
Total Other Off-site for
On-site Waste Further Waste
Management Management
Pounds Pounds
211,720,535
193,379,505
191,881,823
18,680
10,859,516
0
828,700
22,433,886
108,593,862
338,791
0
0
1,418,524
568,689,710
769,783
1,310,933,315
8,303,203
4,553,512
283,495
21,753
12,655
15
91,207
2,787,302
6,575,875
49,940
800
0
396,966
36,585,046
308,495
59,970,264
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
242,078,450
236,590,779
235,196,403
51,023
10,966,853
192,659
1,360,592
34,999,337
127,057,521
489,765
12,531
271
2,352,923
706,569,400
1,879,002
1,599,797,509
Non-
Productton-
related
Waste
Pounds
1,280
9,636
162
0
0
0
0
2,564
7,095
0
0
0
0
22,037
0
42,774
Note. On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R. On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to
disposal) of Form R Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R.
Total Production-related Waste sums Section 8 (Cunrent Year, Column B) of Form R, except Non-production-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic
incidents) Facilities/forms with more man one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 26 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
*nec. not elsewhere classified.
1996 TRI Data for Pulp
and Paper
Table 5-1 summarizes TRI reporting by the pulp
and paper sector. Nearly 2,400 TRI reporting forms
were submitted for 1996 from this sector. Of the
forms submitted in pulp and paper manufacturing,
4.8% (113) were Forms A certification statements,
certifying that a facility's total annual reportable
amount of a TRI chemical was less than 500
pounds for the year and that the facility did not
manufacture, process, or otherwise use more than 1
million pounds. (The Form A certification
statement is explained in Chapter 1.) In TRI overall,
Form A certification statements were 10.1% of all
forms.
Many mills produce both pulp and paper or
paperboard. These integrated mills thus
manufacture products mat are classified separately
in the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC)
system. These facilities report on their TRI forms
more than one SIC code within SIC code 26.
Facilities that produce both pulp and paper, for
example, will report both SIC code 2611 (pulp
mills) and SIC code 2621 (paper mills). This
"multiple-codes" category represents a significant
portion of the economic activity and the TRI
reporting in this sector. Of the 2,363 forms
submitted in pulp and paper, 952 reported more
than one SIC code within SIC code 26. As shown in
Table 5-1, this category—forms reporting multiple
SIC codes—represented the largest source of
releases (on- and off-site), waste management (on-
and off-site), and total production-related waste
from the pulp and paper sector. (Box 4-2 in Chapter
4 further explains reporting of multiple SIC codes
and its affect on the analyses presented in the TRI
data release.)
This multiple-codes category reported 44.7% of
total on- and off-site releases, 43.4% of other on-
site waste management, 61.0% of transfers off-site
for further waste management, 44.2% of total
production-related waste, and 51.5% of non-
production-related waste (see Table 5-1). Table 5-2
175
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Chapter 5 — TRI Data for Pulp and Paper
Table 5-2. Multiple SIC Codes, 1996: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26
SIC Codes
2611
261 1
2611
2611
2611
2611
2621
2621
2621
2631
2673
2621
2621
2621
2621
2621
2631
2631
2671
2672
26S5
2674
2631
2631 2653
2631 2679
2674
2643
Total forSK Code 26
Total
Forms
Number
136
766
34
1
1
4
6
I
I
I
1
952
Form As
Number
2
36
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
39
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
8,975,936
90,807,651
599,552
48,800
6
36,246
220,043
250
380
48,647
0
100,737,511
Total
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
873,633
72,794
405
0
0
3,810
5
0
0
0
0
950,647
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
9,849,569
90,880,445
599,957
48,800
6
40,056
220,048
250
380
48,647
0
101,688,158
Total Transfers
Total Other Off-site for
On-sitc Waste Further Waste
Management Management
Pounds
9,695,759
557,361,671
1,428,592
47,916
639
9,609
88,324
32,000
25,200
0
0
568,689,710
Pounds
690,301
35,892,435
720
0
0
0
0
0
890
0
700
36,585,046
Total Noa-
Prodiiclion- Production-
related related
Waste Waste
Pounds
20,020,543
683,960,076
2,027,244
96,316
645
48,745
308,424
32,300
26,460
48,647
0
706,569,400
Pounds
0
22,004
0
0
0
33
0
0
0
0
0
22,037
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R. On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R Off-site Releases are transfers off-site to disposal from
Section o" of Form R. Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 of Form R. Total Production-related Waste sums Section 8 of
Foon R, except; Non-production-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic incidents).
further examines multiple-code reporting within
SIC code 26. A total of 766 forms reported pulp
(SIC code 2611), paper (SIC code 2621), and
paperboard (SIC code 2631) combined; they
represented 96,8% (684.0 million pounds) of total
production-related waste from forms reporting
multiple codes within SIC code 26,
As shown in Table 5-1, forms with SIC codes in
one of the three primary pulp and paper industries
reported the largest amounts in all categories, after
the multiple-code submissions. Pulp mills reported
more on-site waste management (211.7 million
pounds), transfers off-site for further waste
management (8.3 million pounds), and total
production-related waste (242.1 million pounds).
Paper mills reported more off-site releases
(transfers off-site to disposal; 892,000 pounds).
Paperboard mills reported more on-site releases
(43,0 million pounds). Among the remaining
industries—that is, those manufacturing secondary
products in the sector—miscellaneous coated and
laminated paper products (SIC code 2672) reported
the largest amounts in all categories.
On- and Off-site Releases
Air emissions represented 89.6% of all on- and off-
site releases reported in the pulp and paper sector,
as shown in Table 5-3 and Figure 5-1. Forms with
multiple SIC codes in SIC code 26 accounted for
44.3% (90.3 million pounds) of these releases to
air. Paperboard mills were second with 20.0% (40.7
million pounds), paper mills were third with 16.1%
(32.8 million pounds), and pulp mills fourth with
8.8% (17.9 million pounds). Figure 5-2 illustrates
the distribution of on- and off-site releases for the
industries (four-digit SIC code) with the sector's
largest releases.
Although pulping processes generate larger air
emissions than the processes that produce paper or
paperboard, mills that produce only primarily pulp
represent economically a smaller portion of the
sector than integrated facilities or those
predominantly making paper or paperboard. Air
emissions reported to TRI by facilities reporting
multiple codes within SIC code 26 would typically
include emissions from pulping processes.
Reporting by paperboard or paper mills may also
include releases generated by pulping.
176
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Chapter 5 — TRI Data for Pulp and Paper
Table 5-3. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26 (In Rank Order)
On-site Land Releases
SIC
Code
2631
2621
2611
2672
2671
2657
2679
-2656
2673
2655
2674
2653
2676
Industry
Multiple within SIC Code 26
PapeAoanl Mills
Paper Mills
Pulp Mills
Paper Coated & taminated, nee*
Paper Coated & Laminated, Packaging
Invalid SIC Code within SIC Code 26
Folding Paperboard Boxes
Converted Paper Products, nee*
Sanitary Food Containers
Bags Plastics, Laminated, & Coated
Fiber Cans, Drums & Similar Products
Bags Uncoated Paper &Mutawall
Corrugated & Solid Fiber Boxes
Sanitary Paper Products
Total for SIC Code 26
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
90,321,259
40.742,828
32,786,451
17,893,140
11,203,293
9,593,263
198,700
467,537
382,597
193,014
102,805
52,390
12,011
12
251
203,949,551
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
8,017,014
461,527
3,500,361
4,001,232
259
0
0
9
0
0
0
28,313
0
0
0
16,008,715
Underground Injection
Class I
W«IIs
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Class II-V
Wells
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
RCRA
Subtitle C
Landfills
Pounds
586,232
1,124
3,909
0
0
11,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
602,265
Other
On-site Land
Releases
Pounds
1,813,006
1,822,691
478,745
37,724
4,323
4,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4,160,489
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
100,737,511
43,028,170
36,769,466
21,932,096
11,207,875
9,608,263
198,700
467,546
382,597
193,014
102,805
80,703
12,011
12
251
224,721,020
Off-site
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
950,647
9,869
892,255
33,842
202,065
115,960
570,750
0
59,235
0
1
6,973
0
755
0
2,842,352
Total On-
and Off-site
Releases
Pounds
101,688,158
43,038,039
37,661,721
21,965,938
11,409,940
9,724,223
769,450
467,546
441,832
193,014
102,806
87,676
12,011
767
251
227,563,372
Note: On-site Releases ftom Section 5 of Form R Off-site Releases torn Section 6 (of&srte transfers to disposal) of Form R Forms with more than one 4-dlgtt SIC
code within SIC code 26 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
*nec not elsewhere classified.
RCRA
Subtitle C
Landfills
0.3%
Other
On-site
Land
Releases
18%
Transfers
Off-site
to Disposal
1,2%
Surface
Water
7.0%
Underground
Injection = 0
Figure 5-1. Distribution of TRI On-site and Off-site
Releases, 1996: Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26)
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R Off-site Releases from
Seohon 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R
Multiple-code reporting also accounted for half
(50.1%, or 8.0 million pounds) of the surface water
discharges in this sector and half (50.4%, or 2.4
million pounds) of on-site land releases. One-lMrd
(33.4%, or 951,000 pounds) of off-site releases
(transfers off-site to disposal) also came from these
forms.
Other On-site Waste Management
Treatment was the largest category in other on-site
waste management, with 1.02 billion pounds out of
the total of 1.31 billion pounds, as shown in Table
5-4 and Figure 5-3 . Forms with multiple SIC
codes within SIC code 26 led reporting of other on-
site waste management, with 568.7 million pounds,
and most of that waste was treated (492.8 million
pounds).
The multiple-code category also accounted for the
largest quantities burned on-site for energy recovery
(69.8 million pounds), but miscellaneous coated
and laminated paper products (SIC code 2672)
reported the largest on-site recycling (56.7 million
pounds). Figure 5-4 illustrates the distribution of
on-site waste management reporting for the top
industries in the pulp and paper sector.
177
-------
Chapter S — TRl Data for Pulp and Paper
1
o
a.
110,000,000
100,000,000 .
90,000,000 ,
80,000,000 .
70,000,000 .
60,000,000
50,000,000 -
40,000,000 .
30,000,000 .
20,000,000 -
10,000,000 .
0
• Transfers Off-site to Disposal
• Other On-slte Land Releases
D RCRA Subtitle C Landfills
• Water
•Air
Underground
Injection = 0
Mult 2631 2621 2611 2672 2671 Invalid 2657 2679 2656
Figure 5-2. TRl On-site and Off-site Releases, SIC Codes with Largest
Releases, 1996: Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26)
Notes On-sHe Releases 6am Section 5 of Form R. Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Forms with more than one 4-digrt
SIC code within SIC code 26 sots assigned to the "multiple" category. Invalid SIC codes are cods begcnning "26" that do not racist in the current Standard Industrial
deification code system.
Table 5-4, TRl Other On-s!te Waste Management, 199S; Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26 (In Rank Order)
SIC
Code
26H
2621
2631
2672
2671
2655
2679
2657
2673
2653
2656
2674
2676
Industry
Multiple within SIC Code 26
Pulp Mills
Paper Mills
Papcrbeard Mills
Paper Coated & Laminated, nee*
Paper Coated & Laminated, Packaging
Fiber Cans, Drums & Similar Products
Converted Paper Products, nee*
Folding PapeAoard Boxes
Invalid SIC Code within SIC Code 26
Bags; Plastics, Laminated, & Coated
Corrugated & Solid Fiber Boxes
Sanitary Food Contatoeis
Bigsi'Uncoited Paper & Multiwali
Sanitary Paper Products
Total for SIC Code 26
Recycled
On-slte
Pounds
6,066,039
35,000
6,133,772
6,989,656
56,740,600
17,179,884
10,859,516
5,278
325,488
142,853
3,810
0
0
0
0
104,481,896
Energy
Reecwery
On-site
Pounds
69,801,636
31,784,370
50,379,888
14,385,518
15,252,509
1,242,037
0
1,224,663
381,697
0
0
0
0
0
0
184,352,318
Treated
On-slte
Pounds
492,822,035
179,901,165
136,865,845
170,606,649
36,600,753
4,011,965
0
188,583
121,515
626,930
334,981
18,680
0
0
0
1,022,099,101
Total Other
On-site Waste
Management
Pounds
568,689,710
211,720,535
193,379,505
191,881,823
108,593,862
22,433,886
10,859,516
1,418,524
828,700
769,783
338,791
18,680
0
0
0
1,310,933,315
Note: <
"multiple*1 category.
*n«s not elsewhere classified.
178
-------
Recycled On-site
8.0%
Energy
Recovery
Qn-slte
14.1%
Treated
On-site
78 0%
Figure 5-3. Distribution of TRI Other On-site Waste
Management, 1996: Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26)
Note: Data from Seotioa 8 of Form R
Chapter 5 — TRI Data for Pulp and Paper
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management
In this sector, transfers off-site for further waste
management play a relatively small roles as evident
in Table 5-1. Of the 60.0 million pounds of such
transfers in this sector, 40.3 million pounds (67.2%)
were sent to Publicly Owned Treatment Works
(sewage treatment plants), as shown in Table 5-5
and Figure 5-5. The multiple-codes category
accounted for 35.8 million pounds of transfers to
POTWs, as shown in Figure 5-6. Pulp, paper, and
paperboard mills usually operate their own
wastewater treatment plants; after treatment,
wastewater would be discharged to a surface water
body (river or other stream, lake, etc.). Mills
without their own treatment plants may remove
solid waste (total suspended solids, or TSS) before
discharging wastewater to a POTW.
600,000,000
500,000,000 -
400,000,000 -
c 300,000,000 .
Q
Q.
200,000,000 .
100,000,000 -
• Treated
8 Energy Recovery
ffl Recycled
Mult 2611 2621 2631 2672 2671 2655 2679 2657 Invalid
Figure 5-4, TRI Other On-site Waste Management,
SIC Codes with Largest Totals, 1996: Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26)
Note: Other Oil-site Waste Management ftom Section 8 of Form R, Forms wiffi more than one 4-digtt 3TC code within SIC Code 28 are assigned tolie
"multiple" category Invalid SIC codes are codes beginning "26" that do not exist in the cunrent Standard Industrial Classification code system
179
-------
Chapters— TRI Data for Pulp and Paper
Table 5-5, TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, 1996: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26 (in Rank Order)
SIC
Code
2611
2672
262!
2671
2679
2631
2657
2673
2653
2655
2674
2656
2676
Industry
Multiple within SIC Code 26
Pulp Mills
Paper Coated & Laminated, nee*
Paper Mil Is
Papa- Coated & Laminated, Packaging
Converted Paper Products, nee*
Invalid SIC Code within SIC Code 26
Paperboard Mills
Folding Paperboard Boxes
Bags: Plastics, Laminated, & Coated
Corrugated & Solid Fibs' Boxes
Fiber Cans, Drums & Similar Products
Bags; Uncoated Paper & Multiwall
Sanitary Food Containers
Sanitary Paper Products
Total for SIC Code 26
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
5,035
0
792,718
47,833
1,003,072
259,250
25,502
427
33,328
0
12,954
0
0
0
0
2,180,119
Transfers
to Energy
Reco¥ery
Pounds
576,435
17,369
5,110,849
44,939
1,511,239
108,615
40,363
170
35,817
49,845
0
0
0
15
0
7,495,656
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
191,595
8,285,079
648,843
429,597
188,552
22,496
189,120
1,021
20,383
92
500
5,804
0
0
0
9,983,082
Transfers
toPOTWs
Pounds
35,811,981
755
23,465
4,031,143
84,439
6,605
53,510
281,877
1,679
3
8,299
6,851
800
0
0
40,311,407
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total Off-site
Transfers
for Further
Waste
Management
Pounds
36,585,046
8,303,203
6,575,875
4,553,512
2,787,302
396,966
308,495
283,495
91,207
49,940
21,753
12,655
800
15
0
59,970,264
Note Off-site Transfer* for Further Waste Management tea Section 6 (excluding off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Other Off-site Transfers reported
wWrout valid waste management code. Forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 26 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*nec, not elsewhere classified.
Pulp mills were responsible for the largest reported
transfers off-site to treatment (oflier than POTWs),
with 8,3 million pounds. Manufacturers of
secondary products accounted for the largest
transfers in the other two categories: producers of
coated and laminated paper (SIC code
2671) reported the largest transfers to recycling (1.0
million pounds), and miscellaneous coated and
laminated paper products (SIC code 2672) reported
the largest transfers to energy recovery (5,1 million
pounds).
1996 TRI Data by State
for Pulp and Paper
Papermaking depends on wood and water, and mills
are located where these resources are greatest:
primarily the eastern United States and the Great
To Recycling
3.6%
To POTWs
675%
To Energy
Recovery
125%
To
Treatment
16.6%
Figure 5-S, Distribution of TRI Transfers
Off-site for Further Waste Management, 1996:
Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26}
Note: Transfers Off-sita for Further Waste Management from Section 6
{excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R
180
-------
Chapter S •— T/V Data for Pulp andPaper
£
40,000,000
35,000,000 -
30,000,000 _
25,000,000
20,000,000
15,000,000 -
10,000,000 -
5,000,000 -
0
BToPOTWs
• To Treatment
O To Energy Recovery
• To Recycling
Mult. 2611 2672 2621 2671 2679 Invalid 2631 2657 2673
Figure 5-6. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, SIC
Codes with Largest Totals, 1996: Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26)
Note: <
SIC code within SIC code 26 are assigned to the "multiple" categary. Invalid SIC codes are codes beginning "26" (hat do not exist in the causal Standard Jndustnal
Classification code system
Lakes region. The Pacific Northwest also has
papermaking facilities. TRI data for this sector bear
out this geographic distribution. (See Table 5-6).
Facilities that purchase paper and paperboard for
manufacturing of secondary products do not depend
on local natural resources and are more
geographically dispersed,
Alabama reported the largest total on- and off-site
releases (20.9 million pounds), other en-site waste
management (143.6 million pounds), and total
production-related waste (164,5 million pounds) in
this sector. Ranking second for on- and off-site
releases was Louisiana (19.3 million pounds).
Georgia ranked second for other on-site waste
management (122.8 million pounds) and total
production-related waste (139.5 million pounds).
Alabama and Louisiana also had the largest
amounts of on-site releases. Maine reported
852,000 pounds of off-site releases, followed by
Pennsylvania with 590,000 pounds. The top state
for off-site transfers for further waste management
was Oregon, with 9.3 million, pounds, followed by
Wisconsin, with 8.7 million pounds.
Map 5-1 shows the geographic distribution of total
on- and off-site releases in the pulp and paper
sector.
1996 TRI Data by
Chemical for Pulp and
Paper
By far the chemical most reported to TRI by the
pulp and paper sector is methanol, which is formed
in the chemical pulping process. (This chemical
181
-------
Chapter 5 — TRI Data for Pulp and Paper
Table 5-6, Summary of TRI Information by State, 1996; Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26
Total Tot*!
State Facilities Forms Form As
Number Number Number
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Floridi
Georgia
kMw
Illinois
Indiana
low*
Kmsas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland;
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
Tennessee
Texas
Vermont
Virginia
WasMngWn
Wisconsin
Total for SIC
14
I
3
10
16
2
4
2
9
18
1
22
14
5
1
10
12
16
5
23
24
13
9
4
1
5
13
I
22
14
34
2
12
24
2
10
23
8
2
14
12
54
Code 26 491
164
7
12
80
46
2
10
2
90
147
3
52
32
IS
1
49
111
125
22
46
78
41
65
4
IS
19
44
2
62
94
120
21
59
97
4
108
76
73
2
72
85
206
2,363
12
2
2
0
1
0
1
1
3
10
0
2
4
0
0
1
6
10
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
1
4
0
2
7
7
3
7
5
0
2
I
1
0
0
4
11
113
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
20,755,031
1,878,162
2,008,485
6,395,761
2,386,545
8,000
73,238
28,313
10,250,215
16,S«,607
21,400
993,725
2,102,832
955,523
0
3,700,246
19,310,611
7,130,280
1,731,930
746,646
8,334,924
1,625,212
8,933,628
98,509
1,965,900
856,830
642,556
700
4,500,203
12,785,011
7,332,676
3,952,647
4,924,923
7,489,613
147,942
16,631,184
7,804,475
7,872,967
49,035
13,091,297
5,998,866
12,638,372
224,721,020
Total
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
97,868
0
0
0
3,195
0
0
6,973
28,568
14,116
0
127,715
489
0
5
8,253
5,586
852,056
39,000
1,940
11,908
253
31,057
750
0
1,000
39,716
0
22,285
251,785
172,747
250
219,134
589,848
0
129,377
0
250
0
6,743
1,260
178,225
2,842,352
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
20,852,899
1,878,162
2,008,485
6,395,761
2,389,740
8,000
73,238
35,286
10,278,783
16,580,723
21,400
1,121,440
2,103,321
955,523
5
3,708,499
19,316,197
7,982,336
1,770,930
748,586
8,346,832
1,625,465
8,964,685
99,259
1,965,900
857,830
682,272
700
4,522,488
13,036,796
7,505,423
3,952,897
5,144,057
8,079,461
J.47,942
16,760,561
7,804,475
7,873,217
49,035
13,098,040
6,000,126
12,816,597
227,563,372
Total Transfers
Total Other Off-site for
Oil-site Waste Further Waste
Management Management
Pounds Pounds
143,627,020
0
392,629
66,311,376
8,477,753
62,908
1,502,307
10,770,876
90,291,475
122,849,240
0
6..058.764
198,439
4,911,836
0
32,835,188
97,399,836
70,050,075
11,614,663
7,031,432
39,385,628
12,789,113
56,719,525
0
6,597,550
6,606,722
10,518,224
3,650
23,713,942
106,318,605
23,057,798
7,667,456
45,905,541
20,875,529
201,685
82,089,955
21,002,218
51,083,083
0
32,040,735
38,292,157
51,678,362
1,310,933,315
127,271
5,800
0
21,387
359,797
63,308
86,911
6,851
5,219,466
173,129
0
752,227
243,032
518,872
5,705
' 95,414
119
291,038
2,927,414
2,025,107
4,153,687
4,592,981
500
1,540
511
4,888
2,333,372
0
21 1,807
156,937
2,352,338
2,850
9,279,406
4,094,453
13,220
76,854
878,339
5,019,696
0
5,223,040
0
8,650,997
59,970,264
Total N0ii-
Productlott- Production-
related related
Waste Waste
Pounds Pounds
164,514,393
1,852,700
2,399,281
72,513,907
11,468,888
129,216
1,660,254
10,819,864
107,2S3.399
139,496,700
21,400
7,921,948
2,571,054
6,656,156
5,700
36,835,749
116,553,119
78,348,888
16,313,162
9,785,544
51,871,831
19,012,509
65,754,811
98,509
8,584,833
7,488,773
13,568,498
4,350
28,337,216
119,206,877
33,036,937
11,623,120
60.296,847
33,188,196
3«2,900
98,999,356
29,739,330
63,807,869
49,000
50,067,176
44,180,486
73,366,763
1,599,797,509
3,595
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4,647
0
0
40
0
0
5
7,804
550
0
144
20
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4,900
3,500
0
40
0
0
5,635
0
55
0
8,553
813
2,473
42,774
Note: On-wte Releases from Section 5 of Form R. On-slte Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to
disposal) of Form R. T«tsl Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management fan Section 6 (excluding transfas off-site to disposal) of Ponn R Total
Produetlon-related Waste sums Section 8 (Current Year, Column B) of Form R, except Non-production-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic incidents)
also accounts for one tenth of on-and off-site
releases reported to TRI by all industries, as
indicated in Chapter 2.) Methanol in air reacts to
form formaldehyde, contributing to air pollution. It
poses less of a problem when transferred to
POTWs, as it degrades readily in sewage treatment.
The pulp and paper sector reported 227,6 million
pounds of on- and off-site releases in 1996,
including 119.8 million pounds of methanol (see
Table 5-7 ). For 13 of the top 15 chemicals in this
sector, including methanol, air emissions dominated
reporting of releases. The two exceptions were
nitrate compounds (7.0 million pounds discharged
to surface water) and zinc compounds (1.9 million
182
-------
Map 5-1. Total On- and Off-site Releases, 19i6: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26
Alaska
Hawaii
Puerto Rico
Pounds
• More than 10,000,000
HI 5,000,000 to 10,000,000
OB 1,000,000 to 5,000,000
fl 0 to 1,000,000
X a no reports
00 Notr On-site Releases from Section 5 of Fonn R and Off-site Releases torn Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R.
-------
Chapter 5 — TRI Data for Pulp and Paper
Table 5-7. The 15 Chemicals with the Largest Total On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26
-------
Chapter S — TRl Data for Pulp and Paper m
Table 5-8. TRl On-site and Off-site Releases of OSHA Carcinogens by 4-diglt SIC Code, 1996: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26
(In Rank Order)
Oil-site Land Releases
SIC
Code
2631
2621
2611
2671
2672
2679
2676
Industry
Multiple within SIC 26
Paperboard Mills
Paper Mills
Pulp Mills
Paper Coated & Laminated,
Packaging
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 26
Paper Coated & laminated, nee*
Converted Paper Products, nee*
Sanitary Paper Products
Subtotal
Total for SIC Code 26
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
8,307,585
3,550,460
3,001,438
1,807,592
646,431
11,873
317,138
26,079
250
17,668,846
203,949,551
Surface
Wrter
Discharges
Pounds
178,593
26,346
71,765
126,976
0
0
0
0
0
403,680
16,008,715
Underground Injection RCRA
Class I Class H-V
Wells
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Wells
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Other
Subtitle C Oil-site Land
Lsndfllis
Pounds
623
96
62
0
0
0
0
0
0
781
602,265
Releases
Pounds
25,080
37,458
164,631
107
0
0
10
0
0
227,286
4,160,489
Total
On-stte
Releases
Pounds
8,511,881
3,614,360
3,237,8%
1,934,673
646,431
11,873
317,148
26,079
250
18,300,593
224,721,020
Off-slte
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
1,808
7,452
61,275
255
0
570,000
1,659
0
0
642,449
2,842,352
Total On-
and Off-site
Releases
Pounds
8,513,689
3,621,812
3,299,171
1,934,930
646,431
581,873
318,807
26,079
250
18,943,042
227,563,372
Note; Qii-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) ofFona R Foims with, more ttiaa oae 4-digtt
SIC code within SIC code 26 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
*nec not elsewhere classified.
1
I
9,000,000
B Transfers Off-site to Disposal
O Other On-site Land Releases
II RCRA Subtitle G Landfills
• Surface Water
• Air
Mult.
2631
2621
2611
2671
Figure 5-7, TRI On-stte and Off-site Releases of OSHA Carcinogens,
SIC Codes with Largest Totals, 1996: Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26)
Mote: Oil-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R Off-site Releases ftom Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) ofForm R Forms with more
ten one 4 digit SIC code within SIC code 26 are assigned to the "multiple" category
185
-------
Mv^JM Chapter S — TRI Data for Pulp and Paper
1996 TRI Chemicals in
Waste for Pulp and Paper
The pulp and paper sector reported a total of 1.60
billion pounds of TRI chemicals in production-
related waste for 1996, as shown in Table 5-9 and
Figure 5-8. On-site treatment amounted to 1.02
billion pounds, or 63.9% of the total. Quantities
released on- and off-site were the second largest
category, with 228.3 million pounds, or 14.3% of
the total.
The multiple-code category accounted for most of
the total production-related waste (706.6 million
pounds, or 44.2% of the total). Multiple-code
reporting led four waste management categories:
on-site energy recovery (69.8 million pounds, or
37.9%), on-site treatment (492.8 million pounds, or
48.2%), off-site treatment (36.1 million pounds, or
71.9%), and quantities released on- and off-site
(101.2 million pounds, or 44.3%). Miscellaneous
coated and laminated paper products (SIC code
2672) had the largest quantities in the remaining
categories: 56.7 million pounds recycled on-site
(54.3% of all on-site recycling), 1.2 million pounds
(45.7%) recycled off-site, and 5.2 million pounds
(68.2%) sent for energy recovery off-site.
Distribution of production-related waste for these
and other top industries in the sector appear in
Figure 5-9.
Projected Quantities of TRI
Chemicals in Waste
Table 5-10 and Figure 5-10 summarize the pulp and
paper sector's projections for on- and off-site waste
management through 1998. (As explained in
Chapter 2, facilities not only report current data but
project waste management quantities for the next
two years in their TRI submissions.) Little change
is projected overall: a decrease of 0.5% in total
production-related waste over the two-year period.
The greatest percentage changes projected are
reductions in off-site recycling (decrease of 15.6%
by 1998) and quantities released (decrease of 5.7%
by 1998). Although small, such decreases represent
movement in the direction of fewer releases,
indicative of movement up the waste management
Table 5-9. Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26 (in Rank Order)
SIC
Code
261 1
2«21
2631
1672
2671
26SS
2679
2657
2673
2656
2653
2674
2676
Industry
Multiple within SIC Cods 26
Pulp Mills
Pi! per Mills
P jpcrbo jrd Mills
Paper Coated £ Laminated, nee*
Paper Coated & Laminated, Packaging
Fiber Cans, Drums & Similar Products
Converted Paper Products, nee*
Invalid SIC Code within SIC Code 26
Folding Paperboard Boxes
Dags: Plusties, Laminated, & Coated
Saniuuy Food Containers
Corrugated & SoIM Fiber Boxes
Bags, Uncontcd Paper & Multiwall
Sanitary Paper Products
Tot»l for SIC Code 26
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
6,066,039
35,000
6,133,772
6,989,656
56,740,600
17,179,884
10,859,516
5,278
142,853
323,488
3,810
0
0
0
0
104,481,896
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
69,801,636
31,784,370
50,379,888
14,285,518
15,252,509
1,242,037
0
1,224,663
0
381,697
0
0
0
0
0
184,352,318
Treated
On-site
Pounds
492,822,035
179,901,165
136,865,845
170,606,649
36,600,753
4,011,965
0
188,583
626,930
121,515
334,981
0
18,680
0
0
1,022,099,101
Recycled
Off-site
Founds
5,745
0
45,674
265
1,246,769
1,012,822
0
345,050
25,502
33,328
0
0
12,572
0
0
2,727,727
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
575,699
17,502
56,166
170
5,181,354
1,522,208
2,535
97,839
58,336
30,984
49,845
10
0
0
0
7,592,648
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
36,095,976
8,286,999
4,170,099
282,580
592,421
422,823
10,303
28,525
274,025
22,038
94
0
17,869
0
0
50,203,752
Quantity
Released
On- and
Off-site
Pounds
101,202,270
22,053,414
38,939,335
43,031,565
11,443,115
9,607,598
94,499
462,985
751,356
445,542
101,035
192,649
1,902
12,531
271
228,340,067
Total Non-
Production Production
related related
Waste Waste
Pounds Pounds
706,569,400
242,078,450
236,590,779
235,196,403
127,057,521
34,999,337
10,966,853
2,352,923
1,879,002
1,360,592
489,765
192,659
51,023
12,531
271
1,599,797,509
22,037
1,280
9,636
162
7,095
2,564
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
42,774
Note, Data from Section 8 of Form R. Forms with more than one 4-digtf SIC code within SIC code 26 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*n«; not elsewhere classified.
186
-------
Quantity Released
14.3%
Off-site
Waste
Management
3.8%
On-slte
Waste
Management
81.9%
Figure 5-8. Distribution of TRI Production-Related
Waste, 1996: Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26}
Note: Data from Section 8 of Form R
Chapters— TRI Data for Pulp and Paper
hierarchy (explained in Chapter 2). However, none
of the individual waste management options shows
a shift of as much as 1 percent in its proportion of
the total. The largest projected change is in
quantities released, from 14.3% of total production-
related waste in 1996 to 13,5% of the total in 1998.
Source Reduction Activity
Fifteen percent of the TRI reporting forms
submitted in this sector indicated at least one source
reduction activity during 1996. Table 5-11 shows
that the miscellaneous 'coated and laminated paper
products (SIC code 2672) industry submitted 103 of
these forms (28.9% of the total), and another 102
(28.7%) were multiple-codes forms. As noted
above, all categories of waste management in 1996
were also led by one or the other of these two
groups. Their level of reported source reduction
• Quantity Released
• Treated Off-site
• Energy Recovery Off-site
O Recycled Off-site
• Treated On-slte
S Energy Recovery On-site
13 Recycled On-site
Mult
2611 2621 2631 2672 2671 2655 2679 Invalid 2657
Figure 5-9. Distribution of Production-related Waste, 1996:
Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26)
Note: Data from Section 8 of Form R Forms with more than one 4-digrt SIC Code within SIC code 26 are assigned to the "multiple" category. Invalid SIC
codes are codes beginning "26" that do not exist in the current Standard Industrial Classification code system
187
-------
Chapter 5 — TRl Data for Pulp and Paper
Table 5-10. Current Year and Projected Quantities of TRl Chemicals in Waste, 1996-1998: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26
Waste Management Activity
On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled Off-site
Eneqa? Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released
On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
for SIC Code 26
Waste Management Activity
On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-sife
Treated On-site
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released
On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
for SIC Code 26
Current Year 1996
Total Percent
Pounds ofTotal
104,481,896 6.5
184,352,318 11.5
1,022,099,101 63.9
2,727,727 0.2
7,592,648 0.5
50,203,752 3.1
228,340,067 14.3
1,599,797,509 100.0
Projected Change
19gfr_1997
Percent
3.2
1.0
0.7
-17.2
-3.7
0.0
-1.7
0.5
Projected 1997
Total Percent
Pounds ofTotal
107,831,592 6.7
186,117,201 11.6
1,029,332,137 64.0
2,259,426 0.1
7,312,419 0.5
50,225,678 3.1
224,437,745 14.0
1,607,516,198 100.0
Projected Change
1997-1998
Percent
0.2
1.0
-0.7
1.9
-0.6
-0.6
-4.1
-0.9
Projected 1998
Total
Pounds
108,023,890
188,005,678
1,021,637,616
2,303,286
7,268,002
49,921,228
215,227,716
1,592,387,416
Projected Change
1996-1998
Percent
3.4
2.0
-0.0
-15.6
-4.3
-0.6
-5.7
-0.5
Percent
ofTotal
6.8
11.8
64.2
0.1
0.5
3.1
13.5
100.0
Note; Current year and projected year amounts are all taken from Section 8 of Form R for 1996.
activity suggests that efforts are underway to reduce
those quantities.
Improvements in operating practices were the most
commonly reported source reduction activity for the
sector overall and for miscellaneous coated and
laminated products. Process modifications, closely
followed by raw material modifications, were the
most frequent activities for multiple-codes forms.
These modifications are likely to reflect facilities'
changes in bleaching practices and use of recycled
fiber as feedstock, described at the beginning of this
chapter.
188
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Chapter S — TRI Data for Pulp and Paper
!
On-sfte Waste Off-site Waste Quantify Total Production-
Management Management Released On- related Waste
and Off-site
Figure 5-10. Projected Percentage Changes in Quantities of
TRI Chemicals in Waste, 1996-1998; Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26)
Note' Current year and projected year amounts are all taken from Section 8 of Form R for 1996,
Table
5-11. Number of Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity, 1996: Puip and Paper, SIC Code 26
Category of Source Reduction Activity
Forms Reporting Source
Reduction Activities
SIC
Code
2611
2621
2631
2653
2655
2656
26S7
2671
2672
2673
2674
2676
2679
Industry
Pulp Mills
Paper Mills
Papetboarf Mills
Corrugated & Solid Fiber Boxes
Fiber Cans, Drums & Similar Products
Sanitary Food Containers
Folding Paperboarf Boxes
Paper Coated & Laminated/Packag
Paper Coated & Laminated, nee*
Bags Plastics, Laminated, &Coate
Bags. Uneoated Paper & Multiwall
Saiuiary Paper Products
Converted Paper Products, nee*
Multiple wiihm SIC Code 26
Invalid SIC Code within SIC Code 26
Total for SIC Code 26
Total
Forms
Number
209
467
304
14
7
4
19
100
227
6
3
2
35
952
14
2363
Number
15
61
18
2
2
3
10
23
103
3
0
0
8
102
6
356
Percent of
All Forms
Percent
72
131
59
14.3
286
750
526
230
45.4
50.0
0.0
00
229
107
429
151
Good
Operating
Practices
Number
1
29
12
0
2
0
4
7
46
2
0
0
7
31
4
145
Inventory
Control
Number
0
5
0
0
0
0
2
0
15
0
0
0
1
0
0
23
Spill
and Leak
Prevention
Number
2
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
13
2
0
0
0
21
2
43
Raw
Material
Modifi-
cations
Number
9
16
3
0
0
2
7
13
35
3
0
0
3
38
2
131
Process
Modifi-
cations
Number
4
14
4
1
0
0
1
4
32
0
0
0
2
41
3
106
Surface
Cleaning Preparation
and
Degreaslng
Number
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
g
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
and
Finishing
Number
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
5
10
2
0
0
0
0
0
18
Product
Modifi-
cations
Number
1
6
1
1
0
0
0
4
21
0
0
0
0
2
0
36-
Note' Forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 26 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*nec not elsewhere classified
189
-------
Chapter 5 — TRI Data for Pulp and Paper
Year-to-Year
Comparisons for Pulp
and Paper
1995-1996 TRI Data for Pulp and
Paper
On- and Off-site Releases
From 1995 to 1996, the number of TRI forms
submitted with pulp and paper SIC codes changed
very little (decrease of 0.5%), as shown on
Table 5-12. The number of Form A certification
statements, certifying that a chemical's annual
reportable amount was less than 500 pounds for the
year, rose sharply, by 21.5%, although, as
mentioned earlier, they represent a relatively small
proportion of pulp and paper reporting. The
increase from 1995 to 1996 may reflect growing
awareness of the Form A certification statement,
which was introduced in reporting year 1995.
On- and off-site releases from forms in the pulp and
paper sector totaled 4.5% less (a 10.8-million-
pound decrease) in 1996 than in 1995. All release
types showed decreases except on-site land releases
(the smallest on-site release category in pulp and
paper), for which the increase was 39.6%, or 1.4
million pounds. Air emissions decreased 4.4% (9.5
million pounds), and surface water discharges
13.9% (2.6 million pounds). Off-site releases
(transfers off-site to disposal) decreased 1.9%
(56,000 pounds). Figure 5-11 depicts these changes.
Other On-site Waste Management
Pulp and paper reporting of on-site waste
management, which also appears in Table 5-12
decreased from 1.45 billion pounds in 1995 to 1.31
billion pounds in 1996 (a reduction of 143.5 million
pounds, or 9.9%). The largest reduction, in both
pounds and percent, occurred in on-site treatment,
which was also by far the largest on-site waste
management activity reported. On-site treatment
decreased by 125.6 million pounds (10.9%).
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management
Among off-site waste management categories,
transfers to recycling decreased by 59.0% (3.1
million pounds), to energy recovery by 11.7%
(991,000 pounds), and to POTWs by 4.1% (1.7
million pounds). These more than offset an 11.1%
increase (1.0 million pounds) in transfers to
treatment. Overall, transfers off-site for waste
management showed a reduction of 7.5% (4.8
million pounds). These data also are shown in
Table 5-12 .
1988-1996 TRI Data for Pulp and
Paper
As explained in Chapter 3, comparisons from the
1988 TRI baseline year to the current year rely on
the list of "core" TRI chemicals that were
reportable, with the same reporting definition, in all
years. These multi-year comparisons also review
only the data elements that were collected in all
years, which excludes from this section any analysis
that distinguishes RCRA subtitle C landfills from
other land releases as well as analysis based on the
types of underground injection wells. On-site waste
management data and transfers off-site to recycling
and to energy recovery have been collected only
since 1991; these data are included, but cannot be
compared across the full 1988-1996 period.
The number of forms reporting pulp and paper SIC
codes increased just 0.4% from 1988 to 1996, as
presented in Table 5-13. On- and off-site releases
decreased by 16.8%, or 34.8 million pounds, and
decreases occurred in all release media, as shown in
Figure 5-13. Although total air emissions decreased
10.9% (19.3 million pounds), point source air
emissions, which represent the majority of the
sector's releases to air, increased by 2.0% (2.8
million pounds). Fugitive emissions are much
smaller than point source emissions, in pulp and
190
-------
Chapters— TRl Data for Pulp and Paper
Table 5-12. Comparison of TR! On-site and Off-site Releases, Other On-site Waste Management, and
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, 1995-1996: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26
Total Facilities
Total Forms
FormRs
Form As
On-site Releases
Total Air Emissions
Fugitive Air
Point Source Air
Surface Water Discharges
Underground Injection
On-site Land Releases
Total On-site Releases
Off-site Releases
Transfers Off-site to Disposal
Total On- and Off-site Releases
Other On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Total Other On-site Waste Management
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management
Transfers to Recycling
Transfers to Energy Recovery
Transfers to Treatment
Transfers to POTWs
Other Off-site Transfers
Total Transfas Off-site for Further Waste Management
1995
Number
499
2,376
2,283
93
Pounds
213,416,038
18,471,222
194,944,816
18,589,715
1
3,412,215
235,417,969
2,898,669
238,316,638
111,186,182
195,522,094
1,147,676,784
1,454,385,060
5,312,494
8,486,707
8,984,893
42,016,984
500
64,801,578
1996
Nwmber
491
2,363
2,250
113
Pounds
203,949,551
18,227,534
' 185,722,017
16,008,715
0
4,762,754
224,721,020
2,842,352
227,563,372
104,481,896
184,352,318
1,022,099,101
1,310,933,315
2,180,119
7,495,656
9,983,082
40,311,407
0
59,970,264
Change
1995 to 1996
Percent
-1.6
-0.5
-14
21.5
Percent
-4.4
-1.3
-4.7
-13.9
-100.0
396
-4.5
-1.9
-4.5
-60
-5.7
-10.9
-9.9
-59.0
-11.7
11.1
-4.1
-100.0
-75
Note On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Other On-slte Waste
Management from Section 8 of Form R Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R,
Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste management code Breakdown of Underground Inj ection and On-site Land Releases not
required in 1995
191
-------
Chapter S—TRI Data for Pulp and Paper
-120 ^
Air
Surface
Water
Underground
Injection
On-site
Land
Releases
Transfers
Off-site
to Disposal
Figure 5-11. Percentage Change in On-site and Off-site Releases, 1995-1ii6;
Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26)
Motet OiMltc Releases from Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Sechon 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Forni R, Breakdown of Cm-site Land
Releases and Underground Injection not required in 1995
paper reporting, but a reduction in this category of
56.6% (22.1 million pounds) was responsible for
the overall decrease in releases to air. Air
emissions are the largest release type for this sector.
Surface water discharges decreased 47.0%, or 6.3
million pounds, and on-site land releases 54.8%, or
5.7 million pounds. Underground injection is not a
common practice for producers of pulp, paper, and
paper products; 3,000 pounds were reported in
1988 and none in 1996. Off-site releases (transfers
off-site to disposal) decreased 56.1%, or 3.5 million
pounds, from 1988 to 1996.
Other on-site waste management and off-site
transfers to recycling and energy recovery generally
show decreases from 1994 to 1996. These data
were not collected in 1988.
For the 1988-1996 period, transfers to treatment
decreased 17.6%, or 2.1 million pounds, and
192
transfers to POTWs decreased 23.8%, or 11.8
million pounds.
Overall, production and employment have
increased steadily for the pulp and paper sector
since 1988. TRI facilities report absolute amounts
of waste managed and of environmental releases,
not adjusted for changes in production levels. In the
face of increasing production in the pulp and paper
sector, all categories of releases except for point
source air emissions have been decreasing. As
noted below, several facilities whose point source
air emissions have increased substantially have
indicated that changes in estimation methods may
account for their increases.
Changes in SIC Codes
As indicated in facility descriptions below, some
facilities report different SIC codes over time. This
-------
Jfti*
Chapter 5 — TRI Data for Pulp and Paper
Table 5-13. Comparison of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, Other On-site Waste Management, and Transfers Off-site
for Further Waste Management, 1988 and 1994-1996: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26
Total Facilities
Total Forms
FormRs
Form As
On-site Releases
Total Air Emissions
Fugitive Air
Point Source Air
Surface Water Discharges
Underground Injection
On-site Land Releases
Total On-site Land Releases
Off-site Releases
Transfers Off-site to Disposal
Total On- and Off-site Releases
Other On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Other On-site Waste Management
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management
Transfers to Recycling
Transfers to Energy Recovery
Transfers to Treatment
Transfers to POTWs
Other Off-site Transfers
Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management
1988
Number
583
1,695
1,695
NA
Pounds
177,539,505
39,029,648
138,509,857
13,428,239
3,000
10,477,576
201,448,320
6,154,684
207,603,004
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
11,882,811
49,614,880
110,559
NA
1994
Number
485
1,728
1,728
NA
Pounds
169,135,711
18,353,172
150,782^39
8,737,180
0
4,703,446
182,576,337
2,757,859
185,334,196
114,052,368
208,119,465
813,613,851
1,135,785,684
1,825,356
8,893,323
8,872,329
40,603,471
20
60,194,499
1995
Number
454
1,699
1,621
78
Pounds
165,752,539
17,109,401
148,643,138
6,915,889
1
3,379,785
176,048,214
2,726,770
178,774,984
102,008,012
192,136,378
781,472,942
1,075,617,332
4,941,255
8,359,226
8,933,628
41,018,284
500
63,252,893
1996
Number
442
1,702
1,612
90
Pounds
158,242,712
16,925,410
141,317,302
7,122,861
0
4,733,209
170,098,782
2,700,349
172,799,131
101,993,861
181,656,398
791,772,336
1,075,422,595
1,785,672
7,365,719
9,792,359
37,800,017
0
56,743,767
Change
1988 to 1996
Percent
-242
04
-4.9
NA
Percent
-109
-566
20
-470
-1000
-54.8
-15.6
-561
-168
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
-17.6
-238
-100,0
NA
Note Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991,1994, and 1995, and aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfunc
acid On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Other On-slte Waste
Management from Section 8 of Form R Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from. Section 6 (excludmg transfers off-site to disposal) of Form
R Breakdown of Underground Injection and On-site Land Releases not required before 1996. For 1994-1996, Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported
without a valid waste management code For 1988, Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste management code or codes not required
to be reported in 1988. NA- not required to be reported in that year
193
-------
Chapter S — TRI Data for Pulp and Paper
-20 H
-40 ,
-60 .
-80 .
-100 .
-120
Surface
Water
Underground
Injection
On-site
Land
Releases
Transfers
Off-site
to Disposal
Figure 5-12. Percentage Change in On-site and Off-site Releases,
1988-1996: Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26)
Note: Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990,1991,1994, and 1995, and aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and
sulfuric acid, On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers to off-site to disposal) of Form R
Breakdown of On-site Land Releases and Underground Injection not required before 1996
may reflect new or discontinued lines of
production, or it may represent a different
understanding of how SIC code designations relate
to a facility's business activities. These changes can
contribute—sometimes largely—to apparent
increases or decreases across comparison years in
the amounts reported by the four-digit, or even two-
digit, SIC codes.
1988-1996 Data for Four-Digit Industries in
Pulp and Paper
Tables 5-14 through 5-16 summarize data for 1988
and 1994-1996 for industries at the four-digit SIC
code level within SIC code 26. The tables present,
respectively, on- and off-site releases, other on-site
waste management, and transfers off-site for further
waste management.
On- and Off-site Releases
Industries with the largest reductions from 1988 to
1996 in on- and off-site releases, shown in Table 5-
184
14, were pulp mills (13.8 million pounds), folding
paperboard boxes (SIC code 2657; 5.9 million
pounds), and paper mills (5.1 million pounds). Pulp
mills' reported reductions occurred largely in
surface water discharges, an 8.0-million-pound
decrease. Nearly all the reporting—and therefore
the reduction—in the folding paperboard box
industry was in air emissions. Paper mills' reported
reductions reflect decreases in all on- and off-site
release types, except surface water discharges.
These were a 3.2-million-pound decrease in air
emissions, 986,000 pounds in on-site land releases,
and 1.2 million pounds in transfers to disposal. The
increase in surface water discharges amounted to
311,000 pounds.
The largest increases in on- and off-site releases
were reported by paperboard mills (16.2 million
pounds), the multiple-codes category (9.5 million
pounds), and miscellaneous coated and laminated
paper products (SIC code 2672; 3.7 million
-------
Chapter 5 — TRI Data for Pulp and Paper
Table 5-14. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26
On-site Releases
SIC
Code
2611
2621
2631
2652
2653
2655
2656
2657
2671
2672
2673
Industry Year
Pounds
Pulp Mills
Paper Mills
Paperboard Mills
Setup Paperboard Boxes
Corrugated & Solid Fiber Boxes
Fiber Cans, Drums & Similar Products
Sanitary Food Containers
Folding Paperboard Boxes
Paper Coated & Laminated, Packaging
Paper Coated & Laminated, nee*
Bags. Plastics, Laminated, & Coated
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Surface
Total Air Water Underground
Emissions Discharges . Injection
Pounds Pounds Pounds
14,333,846 3
,180,712
13,256,345 2,812,347
13,798,141 5,058,755
18,941,121 11
21,617,109
24,280,757
,152,700
907,376
961,199
26,966,389 1,262,590
24,862,352
33,915,800
34,212,228
31,079,516
16,085,631
No reports receivec
No reports receivec
No reports receivec
60,100
5
27,135
11,865
351,837
52,390
65,390
195,005
339,685
193,014
900,094
868,150
180,136
230,736
409,252
849,173
5,988,680
8,889,347
9,368,762
11,059,037
7,697,115
10,705,154
11,345,150
14,409,303
7,117,574
66,912
85,616
173,845
1,672,380
596,834
278,237
342,352
384,869
317,172
0
0
0
0
0
28,313
30,295
31,901
82,134
0
5
5
0
0
0
0
28
0
0
0
725
259
32
72
2,009
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
37,034
23,543
722,884
788,262
470,939
287,035
298,920
1,456,720
1,819,525
1,324,492
1,920,844
3,341,198
0
0
750
0
750
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
57
15,000
0
0
0
4,179
0
0
0
0
521
0
0
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
17,551,592
16,092,235
19,579,780
30,882,083
22,995,424
25,528,991
28,527,899
26,915,906
36,013,562
35,879,072
33,385,229
19,744,001
60,100
5
27,885
11,865
352,587
80,703
95,685
226,906
421,819
193,014
900,099
868,155
180,136
230,736
409,252
849,173
5,988,765
8,904,347
9,368,762
11,059,037
7,697,840
10,709,592
11,345,182
14,409,375
7,119,583
66,912
86,137
173,845
1,672,380
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
33,567
35,036
403,520
538,165
876,612
739,564
1,360,778
2,030,208
9,854
16,846
27,663
79,476
0
250
0
0
1,402
6,973
5,873
0
20,118
0
0
0
0
0
0
8,034
171,712
115,960
389
27,439
107,420
201,460
58,029
98,526
81,301
1
521
0
0
Total On-
and Off-site
Releases
17,585,159
16,127,271
19,983,300
31,420,248
23,872,036
26,268,555
29,888,677
28,946,114
36,023,416
35,895,918
33,412,892
19,823,477
60,100
255
27,885
11,865
353,989
87,676
101,558
226,906
441,937
193,014
900,099
868,155
180,136
230,736
409,252
857,207
6,160,477
9,020,307
9,369,151
11,086,476
7,805,260
10,911,052
11,403,211
14,507,901
7,200,884
66,913
86,658
173,845
1,672,380
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Forms with more than one-4-
digit SIC code within SIC code 26 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*nec: not elsewhere classified
195
-------
Chapter 5 — TRI Data for Pulp and Paper
Table 5-14. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994 1996: Pulp and Paper,
SIC Code 26, Continued
On-site Releases
SIC
Code Industry Year
Pounds
2674 Bags: Uncoatcd Paper & Multiwall
2675 Die-cut Paper & Board
2676 Sanitary Paper Products
2677 Envelopes
•
2679 Converted Paper Products, nee*
Multiple within SIC Code 26
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 26
Total for SIC Code 26
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Surface
Total Air Water Underground
Emissions Discharges Injection
Pounds Pounds Pounds
9,581
0
18,757
41,432
No reports received
No reports received
No reports received
18,309
251
1
No reports received
4,000
No reports received
11,000
16,000
146,191
382,347
356,899
289,776
721,542
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 '
0
0
0
0
0
90
130
0
67,681,120 2,727,964
70,523,401 2,769,569
68,001,532 1,998,858
57,632,502 1,
165,100
910,509
1,399,222
35,678,918
158,242,712 7,
240,017
0
0
0
36,620
122,861
165,752,539 6,915,889
169,135,711 8,
737,180
177,539,505 13,428,239
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
3,000
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
3,000
Releases
to Land
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
40
70
0
2,386,532
1,743,404
1,760,728
4,553,681
0
0
0
336,908
4,733,209
3,379,785
4,703,446
10,477,576
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
9,581
0
18,757
41,432
18,309
251
1
4,000
11,000
16,000
146,191
382,347
357,029
289,976
721,542
72,795,616
75,036,375
71,761,118
63,429,200
165,100
910,509
1,399,222
36,052,446
170,098,782
176,048,214
182,576,337
201,448,320
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,828
59,235
32,303
40,992
40,901
826,437
1,263,207
777,559
653,869
570,000
575,002
13,348
2,427,284
2,700,349
2,726,770
2,757,859
6,154,684
Total On-
and Off-site
Releases
9,581
0
18,757
41,432
18,309
251
1
4,000
11,000
16,000
149,019
441,582
389,332
330,968
762,443
73,622,053
76,299,582
72,538,677
64,083,069
735,100
1,485,511
1,412,570
38,479,730
172,799,131
178,774,984
185,334,196
207,603,004
Note: On-jitc Releases from Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R. Forms with more than one-4-
digit SIC code within SIC code 26 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
*ncc: not elsewhere classified.
pounds). Paperboard mills' reporting reflects a
17.8-million-pound increase in air emissions, with
small decreases in other release types.
Miscellaneous coated and laminated paper products
showed a net 3.6-million-pound increase in air
emissions from 1988 to 1996, but with decreases in
the more recent years.
Changes in releases reported in the multiple-codes
category were more diverse, in keeping with the
varied (and changing) industrial activities this
category encompasses. This also accounts for
greater fluctuation from year to year than tends to
appear within single four-digit SIC code reporting.
Air emissions from the multiple-codes category
increased 10.0 million pounds and surface water
discharges 1.5 million pounds, while on-site land
196
-------
Chapter 5 — TRI Data for Pulp and Paper
Table 5-15. TRI Other On-site Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26
SIC
Code
2611
2621
2631
2652
2653
2655
2656
2657
2671
2672
2673
2674
Industry
Pulp Mills
Paper Mills
Paperboard Mills
Setup Paperboard Boxes
Corrugated & Solid Fiber Boxes
Fiber Cans, Drums & Similar Products
Sanitary Food Containers
Folding Paperboard Boxes
Paper Coated & Laminated, Packaging
Paper Coated & Laminated, nee*
Bags: Plastics, Laminated, & Coated
Bags: Uncoated Paper & Multiwall
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
35,000
46,000
310,500
NA
6,122,772
3,300,751
2,999,098
NA
6,986,006
7,016,965
110,140
NA
No reports received
No reports received
No reports received
NA
0
22,458
0
NA
10,859,516
11,527,460
12,593,447
NA
0
0
0
NA
283,999
307,494
214,992
NA
17,179,884
17,808,737
18,759,927
NA
56,646,740
55,829,669
58,790,769
NA
3,810
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
29,384,370
28,276,597
34,515,762
NA
50,379,888
46,332,981
56,954,932
NA
14,285,518
19,933,994
18,109,806
NA
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
381,697
406,765
463,761
' NA
1,207,970
717,998
815,836
NA
15,205,961
12,135,115
12,687,009
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
Treated
On-site
Pounds
128,239,524
114,087,556
171,685,300
NA
105,208,777
107,506,747
118,990,238
NA
105,224,436
113,389,532
110,429,446
NA
NA
7,000
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0 '
0
0
NA
104,028
56,437
129,114
NA
3,849,068
4,451,800
4,981,529
NA
35,117,530
29,606,898
26,846,418
NA
334,981
9,706
60,964
NA
0
0
0
NA
Total Other
On-slte Waste
Management
Pounds
157,658,894
142,410,153
206,511,562
NA
161,711,437
157,140,479
178,944,268
NA
126,495,960
140,340,491
128,649,392
NA
NA
7,000
22,458
0
NA
10,859,516
11,527,460
12,593,447
NA
0
0
0
NA
769,724
770,696 .
807,867
NA
22,236,922
22,978,535
24,557,292
NA
106,970,231
97,571,682
98,324,196
NA
338,791
9,706
60,964
NA
0
0
0
NA
Note: Data from Section 8 of Form R. Forms with more than one-4-digit SIC code within SIC code 26 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*nec: not elsewhere classified.
197
-------
Chapter S — TRI Data for Pulp and Paper
Table 5-15. TRI Other On-site Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26,
Continued
SIC
Code
2675
2676
267?
2679
Industry
Die-cut Paper & Board
Sanitary Paper Products
Envelopes
Converted Paper Products, nee*
Multiple within SIC Code 26
Invalid SIC Code within SIC Code 26
Total for SIC Code 26
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
No reports received
No reports received
No reports received
NA
0
0
No reports received
NA
No reports received
0
0
NA
5,242
3,276
3,276
NA
3,728,039
4,447,176
9,287,268
NA
142,853
1,698,026
10,982,951
NA
101,993,861
102,008,012
114,052,368
NA
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
NA
0
0
NA
0
0
NA
1,224,663
446,406
630,936
NA
69,586,331
83,886,522
83,891,930
NA
0
0
49,493
NA
181,656,398
192,136,378
208,119,465
NA
Treated
On-site
Pounds
NA
0
500
NA
0
0
NA
155,283
95,189
44,100
NA
412,904,779
412,069,091
378,439,477
NA
626,930
199,486
2,007,265
NA
791,772,336
781,472,942
813,613,851
NA
Total Other
On-site Waste
Management
Pounds
NA
0
500
NA
0
0
NA
1,385,188
544,871
678,312
NA
486,219,149
500,402,789
471,618,675
NA
769,783
1,897,512
13,039,709
NA
1,075,422,595
1,075,617,332
1,135,785,684
NA
Note: Data from Section 8 of Fonn R. Forms with more than one-4-digit SIC code within SIC code 26 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*nec: not elsewhere classified.
releases decreased 2.2 million pounds. Transfers
off-site to disposal reported on multiple-codes
forms increased 173,000 pounds.
Other On-site Waste Management
The pulpmaMng industry reported the largest net
decrease in other on-site waste management since
1994 (on-site waste management data were not
collected in 1988): 48.9 million pounds, or 23.7%,
as shown in Table 5-15, Paper mills followed with a
17.2-million-pound decrease, or 9.6%. For pulp
mills, decreases appeared in all three waste
management types: recycling, energy recovery, and
treatment. Decreases in energy recovery and
treatment more than offset increased on-site
recycling in paper-mill reporting.
Two industry groups reported large increases in on-
site waste management: multiple-codes (14.6
million pounds) and miscellaneous coated and
laminated paper products (8.6 million pounds). In
both cases, on-site treatment was the primary
source of the increase.
198
-------
Chapter 5 — TRI Data for Pulp and Paper
Table 5-16. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Pulp and Paper,
SIC Code 26
SIC
Code
2611
2621
2631
2652
2653
2655
2656
2657
2671
Industry
Pulp Mills
Paper Mills
Paperboard Mills
Setup Paperboard Boxes
Corrugated & Solid Fiber Boxes
Fiber Cans, Drains & Similar
Products
Sanitary Food Containers
Folding Paperboard Boxes
Paper Coated & Laminated,
Packaging
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
0
0
5,800
NA
47,833
3,469,350
200,303
NA
0
0
9,310
NA
Transfers
to Energy Transfers to
Recovery Treatment
Pounds Pounds
17,369
10,194
14,569
NA
44,939
32,089
33,521
NA
170
133,668
250
NA
8,282,879
7,293,965
7,320,525
2,396,000
427,305
340,135
379,589
1,013,298
770
2,462
0
57,190
Total
Transfers
Other Off-site for
Transfers Off-site Further Waste
to POTWs Transfers Management
Pounds Pounds Pounds
500
250
500
3,552,900
4,009,332
3,008,643
2,901,438
14,957,763
218,500
397,361
132,914
11,147,669
0
0
0
0
0
250
10
250
0
0
0
0-
8,300,748
7,304,409
7,341,394
NA
4,529,409
6,850,467
3,514,861
NA
219,440
533,491
142,474
NA
No reports received
No reports received
No reports received
NA
10,800
17,749
0
NA
0
888
599
NA
0
861
0
NA
33,328
66,055
43,598
NA
642,478
401,457
541,933
NA
NA
0
1,159
0
NA
0
169
297
NA
15
1,670
1,570
NA
30,036
100,892
228,603
NA
1,486,970
1,454,765
1,532,659
NA
2,430
0
0
0
500
5,804
0
7,232
9,623
0
3,294
6,770
1,000
8,194
22,294
29,501
455,440
160,912
325,468
420,459
689,920
0
253
1,414
0
2,750
6,851
7,051
11,157
22,807
0
620
1,000
500
1,679
5,705
791
28,920
60,299
57,788
56,120
4,898
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,080
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
NA
11,053
, 20,322
0
NA
12,655
8,108
19,285
NA
15
6,445
9,340
NA
73,237
194,946
302,493
NA
2,350,659
2,239,478
2,551,171
NA
Note: Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Forms with more than
one-4-digit SIC code within SIC code 26 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*nec: not elsewhere classified
199
-------
Chapter 5 — TRI Data for Pulp and Paper
Table 5-16. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Pulp and Paper,
SIC Code 26, Continued
SIC
Code Industry
2672 Paper Coated & Laminated, nee*
2673 Bags: Plastics, Laminated, & Coated
2674 Bigs: Uncoated Paper & Multiwall
2675 Die-cut Paper & Board
2676 Sanitary Paper Products
2677 Envelopes
2679 Converted Paper Products, nee*
Multiple within SIC Code 26
Invalid SIC Code within SIC Code 26
Total for SIC Code 26
Yenr
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
761,446
664,424
653,230
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
1,500
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
5,016,562
5,306,950
4,977,553
NA
49,845
7,920
97,194
NA
0
0
913
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
648,192
565,053
439,277
526,057
92
0
0
109,685
0
0
101
11,923
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
23,465
23,994
21,104
27,282
3
3
508
0
800
250
250
0
Total
Transfers
Other Off-site for
Off-site Further Waste
Transfers Management
Pounds Pounds
0
0
0
19,641
0
0
0
4,500
0
0
0
0
6,449,665
6,560,421
6,091,164
NA
49,940
7,923
97,702
NA
800
250
2,764
NA
No reports received
No reports received
No reports received
NA
0
0
NA
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
NA
0
0
No reports received
NA
NA
0
0
0
NA
No reports received
0
0
NA
259,250
65,000
0
NA
5,035
77,707
107,088
NA
25,502
177,764
261,995
NA
1,785,672
4,941,255
1,825,356
NA
0
0
NA
108,615
129,432
45,799
NA
570,835
805,898
1,457,130
NA
40,363
374,420
503,265
NA
7,365,719
8,359,226
8,893,323
NA
2,100
960
14,800
22,496
1,357
1,499
87,901
191,595
274,399
182,580
456,326
44,120
103,101
83,836
6,050,718
9,792,359
8,933,628
8,872,329
11,882,811
0
0
0
6,355
250
250
2,584
33,470,470
37,511,563
37,472,823
19,541,022
1,510
3,392
4,616
325,785
37,800,017
41,018,284
40,603,471
49,614,880
0
0
3,500
0
0
0
0
0
250
10
40,922
0
0
0
39,666
0
500
20
110,559
2,100
960
NA
396,716
196,039
47,548
NA
34,237,935
38,669,817
39,219,631
NA
111,495
658,677
853,712
NA
56,743,767
63,252,893
60,194,499
NA
Note: Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Forms with more than
onc-4-digit SIC code within SIC code 26 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*nec; nol elsewhere classified.
200
-------
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management
As shown in Table 5-16, paper mills and pulp mills
reported the largest increases since 1994 in transfers
off-site for further waste management (data for
some types of off-site transfers were not collected
in 1988). The three-year increase was
approximately 1.0 million pounds each for paper
mills and pulp mills. Multiple-codes reporting, on
the other hand, amounted to a 5.0-million-pound
decrease.
Facilities with Large Increases and Decreases
in Releases, 1988-1996
The paper industry's National Council for Air and
Stream Improvement (NCASI) performed a study at
selected paper mills to test known and suspected
sources of chemical emissions. Numerous sources
of methanol not previously considered by the
industry as a whole (such as specific types of tanks,
vents, filters, washers and vacuums) were
discovered. As a result, in 1994, NCASI published
revised emission factors for estimating releases.
International Paper Company, in Mansfield,
Louisiana (SIC code 2631), responded to the
NCASI study by modifying its Point Source
Discharge (PSD) permit to incorporate the
additional sources of methanol emissions.
International Paper attributes its rank as the top
facility for increases in on- and off-site releases (net
increase of 3.3 million pounds and a 3.1-million-
pound increase in methanol) to the fact that it was
one of the first plants to use the data from the
NCASI study in reporting methanol emissions to
TRI.
Methanol accounts for 93.4% of the increases in
on- and off-site releases for the five pulp and paper
facilities with the largest reported increases. Most
of these increases were reported as point source air
emissions. Several facilities attribute the increase to
improved calculations for estimating methanol
emissions, including the facilities with the second,
third, and fourth largest increases. Mead Coated
Board in Cottonton, Alabama (SIC code 2631),
Chapter 5 — TRI Data for Pulp and Paper
ranked second with a net increase of 2.7 million
pounds and a methanol increase of 2.4 million. In
addition to improved estimations of emissions,
Mead reports that its mill has more than doubled in
production capacity since 1988.
International Paper in Pineville, Louisiana (multiple
codes 2621 and 2631 in 1988 and SIC code 2631 in
1996), ranked third with a net increase of 2.3
million pounds and a methanol increase of 2.2
million. International Paper in Georgetown, South
Carolina (multiple codes 2611 and 2621), ranked
fourth with a net increase of 2.25 million pounds
and a methanol increase of 2.0 million pounds.
Both facilities cited new emission factors.
Weyerhaeuser Co. in Valliant, Oklahoma (SIC code
2631), was the fifth-ranked facility for increases in
on-and off-site releases from 1988 to 1996, with a
net increase of 2.0 million pounds. This reflected a
2.1-million-pound increase in releases of methanol,
principally in air emissions.
Methanol was also the chemical responsible for two
of the five largest decreases in total releases.
Westvaco Corporation, Luke, Maryland (SIC code
2621), was first for decreases with a 4.3-million-
pound reduction. The facility reported a 2.2-
million-pound reduction in the amount of methanol
released to air. Much of the decrease is attributed to
the installation of a condensate stripper, equipment
designed to reduce the amount of methanol present
in point source emissions.
Inland Eastex in Evadale, Texas (SIC code 2631),
was second in decreases of releases (3.4 million
pounds). The facility, which had a 3.3-million-
pound reduction in methanol air releases, credits
two factors for the reduction. The first is
implementation of more accurate estimations of
emissions of methanol to air. The second is a
change in the pulping process: replacing a batch
pulping system with a continuous process. During
batch processing, large amounts of methanol,
created in process, were released as point source air
emissions as batches moved to other systems. In the
201
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Chapter 5 — TRI Data for Pulp and Paper
continuous pulping system, small amounts of
processed pulp are continuously fed from the
system, reducing the methanol by-product. [This
methanol is treated on-site in non-condensable gas
(NCG) incinerators and is largely responsible for
ranking the Inland Eastex facility as a top increaser
in production-related waste. See Facilities with
Large Increases and Decreases in Waste
Management, 1991-1996, later in this chapter, for
more informatiOjn.]
New equipment was responsible for the decrease in
point source emissions of toluene at facilities with
the third and fourth largest reductions in total
releases. Toluene is used in paper coating. 3M in
Saint Paul, Minnesota (SIC code 2641 in 1988 and
multiple codes 2672 and 3291 in 1996), ranked
third with a net decrease of 3.3 million pounds,
attributes some of its 2.0 million pound decrease in
toluene emissions to the installation of a thermal
oxidizer. The fourth-ranked facility was 3M in
Knoxville, Iowa (SIC code 2641 in 1988; SIC code
2672 in 1996), with an overall decrease of 3.1
million pounds. The Knoxville facility reduced its
toluene air emissions by 2.4 million pounds
between 1988 and 1996. This reduction was also
attributed to installation of new equipment: a
thermal oxidizer, fume incinerators, and solvent
recovery unit.
Other Apparent Increases and Decreases in
Releases, 1988-1996
In the TRI database, there are other facilities with
large apparent increases and decreases, which have
been identified as reporting errors or plant closures.
Because these are errors or plant closures and not
actual changes in the data, these facilities are not
discussed in detail here. There is one such pulp and
paper facility:
Simpson Paper Company, Eureka, California,
decrease of 7.8 million pounds, closed in 1993.
1991-1996 Waste Management Data
for Pulp and Paper
Table 5-17 summarizes on- and off-site waste
management data for the pulp and paper sector for
1991, when TRI began collecting this information,
and the three most recent years (1994-1996). Total
production-related waste decreased from 1.40
billion pounds to 1.31 billion pounds from 1991 to
1996, a decrease of 6.8%. The largest constituent of
this reduction was on-site treatment which
decreased from 845.4 million pounds to 791.8
million pounds, or 6.3%. This amounts to a net
reduction of 53.6 million pounds in on-site
treatment for the five years. The largest percentage
reduction appeared in off-site recycling, 50.3%, or a
net decrease of 2.4 million pounds. Figure 5-13
shows the percentage changes for on- and off-site
waste management types.
Pulp and paper mills have responded to EPA rules
calling for phase-out of chlorine-bleaching
processes in accomplishing some of these
reductions. This is reflected in reporting on source
reduction activity, where raw material and process
modifications were cited along with changes in
operating practices. The overall decrease in
production-related waste has been due to decreases
in recycled waste, both on- and off-site, as well as
decreases in releases. Projections of production-
related waste levels for future years indicate little
change (see Table 5-10), but the data do show
continued reductions in off-site recycling and
quantities released offset by increases in on-site
recycling and energy recovery, indicative of
movement up the waste management hierarchy
(explained in Chapter 2).
Facilities with Large Increases and Decreases
in Waste Management, 1991-1996
The top-ranked facility for increases in production-
related waste, Inland Eastex in Evadale, Texas (SIC
code 2631), had an 11.0-million-pound increase in
methanol over the comparison years (1991-1996),
primarily in on-site treatment of this chemical. The
202
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Chapter 5 — TRI Data for Pulp and Paper
Table 5-17. TRI Waste Management Data, 1991,1994-1996: Pulp and Paper, SIC Code 26
Waste Management Activity
On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Total On-site Waste Management
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-site
Total Off-site Waste Management
Quantity Released On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
Non- Production-related Waste
Waste Management Activity
On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Total On-site Waste Management
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-site
Total Off-site Waste Management
Quantity Released On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
Non- Production-related Waste
1991
Pounds
121,418,915
196,378,970
845,365,139
1,163,163,024
4,691,290
6,956,626
43,833,328
55,481,244
182,519,932
1,401,164,200
119,867
Change
1994-1995
Percent
-10.6
-7.7
-40
-5.3
67.2
-8.0
1.0
2.9
-8.0
-5.3
-86.0
1994
Pounds
1 14,052,368
208,119,465
813,613,851
1,135,785,684
2,978,238
8,912,570
49,365,428
61,256,236
193,831,111
1,390,873,031
72,923
Change
1995-1996
Percent
-0.0
-5.5
1.3
-0.0
-53.1
-9.0
-4.8
-9.2
-3.0
-0.9
231.8
1995
Pounds
102,008,012
192,136,378
781,472,942
1,075,617,332
4,980,588
8,202,107
49,859,053
63,041,748
178,375,530
1,317,034,610
10,227
Change
1991-1996
Percent
-16.0
-7.5
-6.3
-7.5
-50.3
7.3
8.2
3.2
-5.2
-6.8
-717
1996
Pounds
101,993,861
181,656,398
791,772,336
1,075,422,595
2,333,824
7,467,239
•47,442,115
57,243,178
173,040,872
1,305,706,645
33,929
Note: Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994 and 1995, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid Data from Section 8 of Form R
(Current Year, Column B) of year indicated
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Chapters— TRl Data for Pulp and Paper
Recycled Energy Treated
On-site Recovery On-site
On-site
Recycled Energy Treated
Off-site Recovery Off-site
Off-site
Quantity
Released
On- and
Off-site
Total
Production-
related
Waste
On-site Waste Management Off-site Waste Management
Figure 5-13. Percentage Change in Quantities of TRl Chemicals in Waste,
1991-1996: Pulp and Paper (SIC Code 26)
Nolc: Docs not include deltsted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994 and 1995, ammonia, hydrochloric acid and sulftinc acid. Data from Section. 8 of Form R
(Current Year, Column B) of year Indicated
facility's total increase in production-related waste
was 19.1 million pounds. As noted above, this
facility also reported a 3.3-million-pound decrease
in on- and off-site releases of methanol.
Some of the largest increases and decreases in
production-related waste at pulp and paper facilities
resulted in part from the sector's preparation for
finalization of the "Cluster Rule," which occurred
November 14,1997. The Cluster Rule combined
regulations from the Clean Air and Clean Water
Acts. It set air standards (National Emission
Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants, NESHAPs)
and effluent guidelines for pulp and paper
production. One part of the rule calls for the phase-
out of chlorine as a paper-bleaching agent.
Substituting chlorine dioxide for chlorine in this
process is associated with substantial increases in
chlorine dioxide and decreases in chlorine as
components of production-related waste. Methanol
is used in chlorine dioxide generation, and
consequently, some facilities that produce chlorine
dioxide on-site have reported increases of methanol
in production-related waste.
Chlorine dioxide increased 15.6 million pounds
between 1991 and 1996 at the facility ranked
second for increases, the James River Paper
Company in Clatskanie, Oregon (multiple codes
2611 and 2621), which had a net increase of 17.9
million pounds. The increase in chlorine dioxide
was reported as on-site treatment. This facility also
reported a 5.2-million-pound increase in methanol
(in on-site energy recovery). Chlorine dioxide has
204
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replaced chlorine as a bleaching agent at the
facility.
The third-ranked facility for increases (14.7 million
pounds) is Georgia-Pacific in Ashdown, Arkansas
(SIC code 2611). Production at this facility has
nearly doubled, resulting in an increased amount of
methanol generated during the pulping and
bleaching process. Consequently, on-site treatment
of methanol grew by 13.4 million pounds.
Fourth-ranked Rayonier Specialty Pulp of Jesup,
Georgia (SIC code 2611), credited most of its
increase in production-related waste (14.6 million
pounds) to an improved method of estimating
methanol in waste. The increase for methanol was
17.3 million pounds; the chemical is primarily
treated on-site.
Georgia-Pacific Paper Operations in Crossett,
Arkansas (SIC code 2611 in 1991 and multiple
codes 2611 and 2621 in 1996), ranked fifth in
increases. The facility has substituted chlorine
dioxide for chlorine as a bleaching agent and uses
methanol in chlorine dioxide generation. The
facility notes that some of the increase in on-site
treatment of methanol may be due to this process
change. Its overall increase was 9.5 million pounds,
and the increase for methanol was 9.1 million
pounds.
Methanol and chlorine accounted for the majority
of large decreases in production-related waste at
pulp and paper facilities. Boise Cascade
Corporation, De Ridder, Louisiana (multiple codes
2611 and 2621), reported 21.1 million pounds less
chlorine over the comparison years (1991-1996).
The facility's overall decrease was 26.4 million
pounds, ranking it first. Rayonier Inc., Port
Angeles, Washington (SIC code 2611), ranked
second in decreases with a net 17.5 million pounds.
Chlorine in production-related waste decreased 16.4
million pounds at this facility, which has
subsequently closed (February 1997). Decreases at
the Boise Cascade and Rayonier facilities were also
in on-site treatment.
Chapter 5 — TRI Data for Pulp and Paper
Stone Container Corporation in Panama City,
Florida (multiple codes 2611 and 2621), ranked
third in decreases of production-related waste with
a net 15.8-million-pound reduction. The facility
reported a 16.2-million-pound decrease in methanol
due to improved estimation methods and a slight
decrease in production from 1991 to 1996. U.S.
Alliance Coosa Pines in Coosa Pines, Alabama
(multiple codes 2611 and 2621), reported a
decrease in on-site treatment of methanol of 11.9
million pounds. This decrease is also attributed to
improved estimation methods. The fourth-ranked
Coosa Pines facility had an overall decrease of 12.7
million pounds.
Other Apparent Increases and Decreases in
Production-related Waste, 1991-1996
In the TRI database, there are other facilities with
large apparent increases and decreases, which have
been identified as reporting errors or plant closures.
Because these are errors or plant closures and not
actual changes in the data, these facilities are not
discussed in detail here. There is one such pulp and
paper facility:
Champion International Corporation,
Courtland, Alabama, decrease of 43.3
million pounds, reporting error.
Facilities Contacted for Explanations
(alphabetical by facility):
3M, Knoxville, Iowa: Harlan Petty, March 11, 1998
(explanation provided)
3M, St. Paul, Minnesota: Ade Babatunde, March
11, 1998 (explanation provided)
Boise Cascade Corp., De Ridder, Louisiana (no
explanation provided)
Champion International Corp., Courtland,
Alabama: Sandra McGee, March 24,1998
(explanation provided)
Georgia-Pacific Paper Operations, Crossett,
Arkansas: Scott Bailey, March 9, 1998 (explanation
provided)
205
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Chapter 5 — TRI Data for Pulp and Paper
Georgia-Pacific, Ashdown, Arkansas: Bill Fischer,
March 9,1998 (explanation provided)
Inland Eastex, Evadale, Texas: Bill Martin, March
11,1998 (explanation provided)
International Paper Company, Mansfield,
Louisiana: Jay Wilson, March 9,1998 (explanation
provided)
International Paper, Pineville, Louisiana: Brent
Groom, March 9, 1998 (explanation provided)
International Paper, Georgetown, South
Carolina: Owen Parker, March 9,1998
(explanation provided)
James River Paper, Clatskanie, Oregon: Daniel
Radonski, March 9 1998 (explanation provided)
Mead Coated Board, Cottonton, Alabama: Robert
Swint, March 9, 1998 (explanation provided)
Rayonier Specially Pulp, Jesup, Georgia: Gerald
DeWitt, March 9, 1998 (explanation provided)
Rayonier Inc., Port Angeles, Washington (no
explanation provided)
Simpson Paper, Eureka, California: Fritz Graff,
March 10, 1998 (explanation provided)
Stone Container Corporation, Panama City, Florida:
David Riley March 9,1998 (explanation provided)
U.S. Alliance Coosa Pines, Coosa Pines,
Alabama: Bob Wilson, March 9, 1998 (explanation
provided)
Westvaco Corporation, Luke, Maryland: George
Shoemaker, March 10, 1998 (explanation provided)
Weyerhaeuser Company, Valliant, Oklahoma (no
explanation provided)
Sources
Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget, Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987:
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes and industry descriptions.
U.S. Industry & Trade Outlook 'PS.DRI/McGraw Hill, Standard & Poor's, and U.S. Department of Commerce,
International Trade Administration, 1998: economic analyses, also provides some information on environment and
industrial processes for selected industries.
U.S. Census Bureau, 1996 Annual Survey of Manufactures: Statistics for Industry Groups and Industries, M96(AS)-1,
February 1998 : value of shipments and employment.
Supplemental data from U.S. Census Bureau for some industries.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance, Office of Compliance, Profile
of the Pulp and Paper Industry, Sector Notebook Project, EPA/310-R-95-015, September 1995 : industry processes and technologies, pollutant sources, and selected economic data.
206
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Chapter 6
Toxics Release Inventory Data for
Chemical Manufacturing (SIC Code 28)
A Look at the Chemicals
and Allied Products
Industry (SIC Code 28)
The chemical manufacturing industry, SIC code 28,
primarily produces chemicals or manufactures
products largely by chemical processes. Products
fall into three general classes:
+ Basic chemicals, such as acids, alkalies,
salts, and organic chemicals;
*• Chemical products to be used in further
manufacture, such as synthetic fibers,
plastics materials, dry colors, and pigments;
and
+ Finished chemical products that will either
be consumed (such as drags, cosmetics, and
soaps) or used as materials or supplies in
other industries (such as paints, fertilizers,
and explosives).
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes,
listed in Box 6-1, distinguish eight major categories
for this sector. In TRI, SIC codes are given as
reported by the facilities; these may differ from
information in economic and other data collections.
The value of shipments for products from the
chemical manufacturing sector was $367.44 billion
in 1996 and $361.16 billion in 1995 (in current
dollars). This sector employed 824,400 in 1996.
Since 1989, production in the chemical
manufacturing sector has risen moderately, 14.4%
compared to 17.6% for manufacturing as a whole
(see Chapter 4, Table 4-10).
The chemical industry is the United States' largest
manufacturing sector, comprising more than 10%
of U.S. gross domestic product (GDP) from
manufacturing (and 2% of total GDP). It is also one
of the largest exporters; exports grew from a little
over 10% of product shipments in 1983 to 17% in
1995. Chemical production has become
increasingly globalized, conducting both production
and research and development internationally.
Foreign investment in U.S. plants and ownership by
U.S. companies of production facilities worldwide
also make trade increasingly important for the
economic performance of the industry. More than a
third (estimated 35% to 37%) of U.S. production
facilities are foreign-owned. At the same time, the
United States stands as the world's largest
consumer of chemicals, $318 billion worth in 1995.
(This analysis excludes the manufacture of plastics
207
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Chapter 6— TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
Box 6-1. SIC Code 28, Chemicals and Allied Products: Codes and Classifications
SIC Code
Industry Descriptions
281 Industrial Inorganic Chemicals
2812 Alkalies and Chlorine
2813 Industrial Gases
2816 Inorganic Pigments
2819 Industrial Inorganic Chemicals, nee*
282 Plastics Materials and Synthetic Resins, Synthetic
Rubber, Ccllulosic and Other Manmade Fibers,
Except Glass
2821 Plastics Materials, Synthetic Resins, and
Nonvuleanizable Elastomers
2822 Synthetic Rubber (Vulcanizable Elastomers)
2823 Ccllulosic Manmade Fibers
2824 Manmade Organic Fibers, Except Oeilulosic
283 Drugs
2833 Medicinal Chemicals and Botanical Products
2834 Pharmaceutical Preparations
2835 In Vitro and In Vivo Diagnostic Substances
2836 Biological Products, Except Diagnostic
Substances
284 Soap, Detergents, and Cleaning Preparations;
Perfumes, Cosmetics, and Other Toilet Preparations
2841 Soap and Other Detergents, Except Specialty
Cleaners
2842 Specialty Cleaning, Polishing, and Sanitation
Preparations
Manufacture of alkalies and chlorine.
Manufacture of industrial gases (including organic) for sale in compressed,
liquid, and solid forms
Manufacture of inorganic pigments, including black pigments (except carbon
black), white pigments, and color pigments.
Manufacture of miscellaneous industrial inorganic chemicals [More than
175 are listed ]
Manufacture of synthetic resins, plastics materials, and nonvulcamzable
elastomers, including cellulose plastics materials, phenolic and other tar acid
resins, urea and melamine resins, vinyl resms, sryrene resins, alkyd resins,
acrylic resins, polyethylene resins, polypropylene resins; rosin modified resins,
and others
Manufacture of synthetic rubber by polymerization or copolymerization
Elastomers include copolymers of butadiene and styrene, or butadiene
and acrylomtnle, polybutadienes, chloroprene rubbers, and losbutylene-
isoprene copolymers
Manufacture of cellulosic fibers in the form of monofilament, yarn, staple,
or tow suitable for further manufacture on spindles, looms, knitting
machines, or other textile processing equipment
Manufacture of manmade organic fibers, except cellulosic, in the form of
monofilament, yarn, staple, or tow suitable for further manufacture on
spindles, looms, knitting machines, or other textile processing equipment
Manufacture of bulk organic and inorganic medicinal chemicals and their
derivatives. Processing (grading, grinding, and nulling) of bulk botanical
drugs and herbs.
Manufacture, fabrication, or processing of drugs in pharmaceutical
preparations for human or veterinary use
Manufacture of in vitro and in vivo diagnostic substances—chemical,
biological, or radioactive substances used in diagnosing or monitoring human
or veterinary health by identifying and measuring normal or abnormal
constituents of body fluids or tissues
Production of bacterial and virus vaccines, toxoids, and analogous products
(such as allergenic extracts), serums, plasmas, and other blood derivatives
for human or veterinary use, other than in vitro and in vivo diagnostic
substances Includes production of microbiological products for other uses
Manufacture of soap, synthetic organic detergents, inorganic alkaline
detergents, or any combination thereof Production of crude and refined
glycerin from vegetable and animal fats and oils
Manufacture of furniture, metal, and other polishes, waxes and dressings for
fabricated leather and other materials, household, institutional, and industrial
plant disinfectants, nonpersonal deodorants; drycleamng preparations,
household bleaches; and other sanitation preparations
* ncc: not elsewhere classified.
208
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Chapters— TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
Box 6-1. SIC Code 28, Chemicals and Allied Products: Codes and Classifications, Continued
SIC Code
Industry Descriptions
2843 Surface Active Agents, Finishing Agents,
Sulfonated Oils and Assistants
2844 Perfumes, Cosmetics, and Other Toilet
Preparations
285 Paints, Varnishes, Lacquers, Enamels, and Allied
Products
2851 Pamts, Varnishes, Lacquers, Enamels, and
Allied Products
286 Industrial Organic Chemicals
2861 Gum and Wood Chemicals
2865 Cyclic Organic Crudes and Intermediates,
and Organic Dyes and Pigments
2869 Industrial Organic Chemicals, nee*
287 Agricultural Chemicals
2873 Nitrogenous Fertilizers
2874 Phospfcatio Fertilizers
2875 Fertilizers, Mixing Only
2879 Pesticides and Agricultural Chemicals, nee*
289 Miscellaneous Chemical Products
2891 Adheswes and Sealants
2892 Explosives
2893 Printing Ink
2895 Carbon Black
2899 Chemicals and Chemical Preparations, nee*
Production of surface active preparations for use as wetting agents,
emulsifiers, and peaetrants Production of sttlfonated oils and fats and
related products.
Manufacture of perfumes (natural and synthetic), cosmetics, and other toilet
preparations Blending and compounding of perfume bases
Manufacture of paints (in paste and ready-mixed forms), varnishes,
lacquers, enamels and shellac; putties.wood fillers, and sealers, paint and
varnish removers; paint brush cleaners; and allied paint products
Manufacture of hardwood and softwood distillation products, wood and gum
naval stores, charcoal, natural dyestufis, and natural tanning materials,
Manufacture of cyclic organic crudes and intermediates, and organic dyes and
pigments. Includes aromatic chemicals (such as benzene, toluene, xylenes,
naphthalene), synthetic organic dyes, and synthetic organic pigments.
Manufacture of miscellaneous industrial organic chemicals.
Manufacture of nitrogenous fertilizer materials or mixed fertilizers from nitrogenous
materials.
Manufacture of phosphatic fertilizer materials or mixed fertilizers from phosphate
materials.
Mixing fertilizers from purchased fertilizer materials.
Formulation and preparation of ready-to-use agricultural and household pest control
chemicals, including insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides, from technical
chemicals or coneenteates Production of concentrates for further processing before
use as agricultural pesticides.
Manofaetnre of industrial and household adhesives, glues, caulking compounds,
sealants, linoleum, tile, and rubber cements.
Manufacture of explosives
Manufacture of printing ink, including gravure ink, screen process ink, and
lithopapliic ink
Manufacture of carton black (channel and furnace black)
Manufacture of miscellaneous chemical preparations
Scarce: Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget, Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 198 7 Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC) codes and industry descriptions
* new not elsewhere classified.
209
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Chapter 6—TRl Data for Chemical Manufacturing
materials and resins, SIC code 282, but similar
trends pertain in that industry as well.)
The biggest consumers of the chemical
manufacturing sector's output are the producers of
motor vehicles (and equipment) and of metal. Other
large customers are the agriculture, health care,
construction materials, and electronics sectors,
followed by the chemical industry itself—
purchasing chemical products for use in further
manufacture. Plastics end users include producers
of packaging, construction, motor vehicles, and
consumer durables.
Industrial Organic Chemicals
Of the industry groups within the chemical
manufacturing sector, industrial organics
manufacturing—alone or in combination with
production of plastics materials—represents the
largest source of releases and other waste
management of chemicals reported to TRI3 as
evident in the analyses presented later in this
chapter. Economically, production of industrial
organic chemicals (SIC code 286) is the second
largest segment of the chemical manufacturing
sector, after drugs and Pharmaceuticals (SIC code
283) Industrial organics manufacturers shipped
$75.67 billion in products in 1996, about 20% of
the sector's total, while employing 125,900, which
was 15% of the sector's employment Production of
organics and of plastics is growing in Asian
countries (such as China and South Korea) and in
the Middle East (Saudi Arabia, for example).
Mexico, South America, and Asia, however, offer
expanding markets for U.S. products. A significant
impact on trade in organics has also been attributed
to implementation of the North American Free
Trade Agreement (NAFTA); nearly 20% of U.S.
organics exports are shipped to Canada and
Mexico,
Most organic chemical products are primary
petrochemicals (chemicals derived from petroleum
or from natural gas). Most are used as intermediates
in the production of other chemicals. Chemical
products include aromatics, such as benzene,
toluene, and xylenes; solvents such as methanol;
chlorinated solvents, such as carbon tetrachloride
and perchloroethylene; cyclic intermediates such as
cuinene, oyclohexane, and styrene; and numerous
others. Organic chemicals that represent finished
products include dyes and organic pigments, and
pesticides and other non-fertilizer agricultural
products.
The industry uses and produces large numbers of
chemicals in large amounts. Typically, multiple
feedstocks ("building blocks") are combined in a
series of reaction steps to produce both
intermediates and end-products. Most reactions
occur at high temperatures, involve metals as
catalysts, and include one or two additional reaction
components. A second operation separates the
desired product from by-products, by settling,
distillation, refrigeration, or other separation
techniques. A third operation may further process
the final product into a saleable form, by spray
drying or pelletizing, for example. By-products
may also be sold, and they may be managed as
waste in some years and sold hi others, depending
on market economics. Plastics, drugs, soaps
detergents, paints, and agricultural chemicals are
typical end-products manufactured from industrial
organics.
The abundance of chemicals, especially
petrochemicals, and the diversity of processes
means that no one pattern of environmental releases
or other management of chemicals in waste—or
pollution prevention techniques—characterizes the
industrial organics industry or even an individual
facility. Feedstocks, processes, equipment, and
maintenance practices determine a facility's
releases, and these are seldom static. The Chemical
Manufacturers' Association has listed some 130
pollution prevention opportunities to be found in
process, product, or equipment modifications
(Designing Pollution Prevention into the Process—
Research, Development and Engineering,
reproduced in Profile of the Organic Chemical
210
-------
Industry, EPA Sector Notebook Project, 57-71; see
Sources),
Plastics Materials and Synthetics
Producers of plastics materials and synthetics (SIC
code 282) were the third largest economic segment
of the chemical manufacturing sector, with $59.57
billion in shipments and 115,100 employees in
1996. These represent approximately 15% of the
sector's totals. As with chemical manufacturing
overall, the plastics materials industry has become
increasingly globalized; production has been
shifting into the developing regions, drawn by their
rapidly expanding markets. At the same time,
manufacture in the more developed countries has
been moving toward specialty and higher-value-
added products.
Plastics are made from organic chemicals
and, as noted in the analyses of TRI data in this
chapter, a substantial portion of TRI forms report
SIC codes in both plastics materials and resins (SIC
code 2821) and miscellaneous industrial organics
(SIC code 2869). (Products manufactured from
these resins are classified in SIC code 30, rubber
and miscellaneous plastics products.) There are two
categories of resins: thermoplastics that can be
reheated and remolded repeatedly and
thermosets that can be heated and molded once.
Thermoplastics, which include polyethylene,
polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, and polystyrene,
dominate, accounting for 87% of the plastics
market in 1996. Polymerization—a process of
reactions that bond small repeating molecules into
large molecules—-is central to the production of
plastics materials. Operations involved in forming
polpners include purifying the reactants,
polymerization itself (application of catalysts, heat,
and pressure), separation and recovery of the
polymer from the reaction mass, and extrusion of
the polymer into pellets. Potential releases from
production of plastics materials and resins include
volatile organic compounds (VOCs), unreacted
monomers, off-spec or contaminated polymers, and
wastewater from equipment cleaning.
Chapter 6 — TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
Drugs and Pharmaceuticals
In 1996, drugs and pharmaceuticals (SIC code 283)
accounted for the largest share—about one
quarter—of the sector's value of shipments ($86.53
billion) and employment (213,200). Pharmaceutical
production differs from much of the rest of the
chemical manufacturing sector. The industry
manufactures, in bulk, pharmaceutical
intermediates and active ingredients, which are
further processed into finished products. Often,
small quantities of product must be extracted from
large volumes of raw materials. Batch processing1
is far more common in manufacturing drug
products man in chemical manufacturing as a
whole. Chemical synthesis, involving many
intermediate and reactions, is the most
common process in the manufacture of bulk
Pharmaceuticals. Pharmaceutical standards set more
stringent limits for some operations than may apply
elsewhere in chemical manufacturing—on cleaning
equipment between batches, for example. Similarly,
solvents used in pharmaceutical manufacture are
not reused, to maintain standards for purity.
1996 TRI Data for
Chemical Manufacturing
Table 6-1 summarizes TRI data for the chemical
manufacturing sector for 1996. Chemical
manufacturers submitted 21,098 forms, out of
71,381 total for TRI in 1996. Of the forms
submitted in chemical manufacturing, 13.3%
(2,810) were Form A certification statements,
certifying that a facility's total annual reportable
amount of a TRI chemical was less than 500
1 Batch processing indicates fiat products are manufactured in discrete
batches, this means generally that inputs are first put into fhe system,
processing is conducted while the system is closed, and products are
extracted when the process ends to contrast, continuous processing indicates
a system where inputs are continuously added, processes are ongoing, aad
products are continuously extracted. In batch processing, releases are more
likely to occur at the beginning and end of the process, when the system is
opened to add inputs or remove product Cleaning the equipment between
batches also often generates releases of tosuc chemicals
211
-------
Chapters— TRIData for Chemical Manufacturing
Table 6-1, Summary of TRI Information by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996: Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28
Total Tout
Qn-ind Produetlon-
Olf-sUe related
Rele*$« Waste
Rank Rack
22
21
S
4
5
12
7
25
16
10
31
30
28
26
24
27
13
14
11
2
3
6
19
18
17
20
23
9
IS
I
29
21
24
11
5
3
12
18
7
14
10
29
31
27
26
23
30
13
20
9
2
S
4
25
6
19
17
22
16
IS
1
28
SIC
Code
2812
2813
2816
2819
2821
2822
2823
2824
2833
2834
2835
2836
2841
2842
2843
2844
2851
2861
2865
2869
2873
2874
2875
2879
2891
2892
2893
289S
2899
Total
Industry Facilities
Number
Alkalies & Chlorine
Industrial Oases
Inorganic Pigments
Industrial Inorganic Chemicals, aeo*
Plastics Materials & Resins
Synthetic Rubber
Cellulosto Manmade Fibers
Organic Fibers, NonceHalosic
Medicinal:; & Botanicals
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Diagnostic Substances
Biological Products Exo, Diagnostic
Soap & Other Detergents
Polishes & Sanitation Goods
Surface Active Agents
Toilet Preparations
Paints & Allied Products
Gam & Wood Chemicals
Cyclic Crudes & Intermediates
Industrial Organic Chemicals, nee*
Nitrogenous Fertilizers
Phosptatic Fertilizers
Fertilizers, Mixing Only
Agricultural Chemicals, aec*
Adhesives & Sealants
Explosives
Printing Ink
Carbon Black
Chemical Preparations, aec*
Multiple within SIC 28
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 28
Total for SIC Code 28
20
67
39
262
311
21
3
10
37
111
14
8
84
161
55
40
566
15
91
334
45
28
64
111
188
32
115
19
290
700
14
3,855
Total
Forms
Number
63
122
176
828
1,813
123
12
34
180
340
24
13
231
423
259
68
2,974
41
667
2,601
234
105
213
759
615
79
254
79
1,186
6,542
40
21,098
Form As
Number
6
18
23
69
180
10
0
9
13
18
5
1
65
128
81
17
317
5
111
264
10
7
74
205
115
7
45
7
344
643
13
2,810
Total
On-slte
Releases
Pounds
640,550
819,463
14,455,853
36,488,285
29,039,345
9,862,729
21,117,760
491,968
2,806,345
12,889,489
16,878
33,118
58,168
240,325
622,261
60,532
8,449,510
8,957,557
9,313,598
126,108,529
46,419,739
29,490,014
1,678,603
2,082,246
2,246,144
1,470,670
632,091
16,855,773
2,679,848
368,254^2?
53,782
754,336,100
Total
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
8,892
0
4,441,778
2,992,232
1,110,634
147,079
0
44,140
31,067
178,440
1,100
0
3,074
15,400
5,681
62,239
608,480
500
1,318,042
8,854,506
334,206
1,010
2,000
306,983
163,331
755
1,689
755
2,311,623
7,896,176
251
30,842,063
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
649,442
819,463
18,897,631
39,480,517
30,149,979
10,009,808
21,117,760
536,108
2,837,412
13,067,929
17,978
33,818
61,242
255,725
627,942
122,771
9,057,990
8,958,057
10,631,640
134,963,035
46,753,945
29,491,024
1,680,603
2,389,229
2,409,475
1,471,425
633,780
16,856,528
4,991,471
376,150,403
54,033
785,178,163
Note; On-slte Releases ftom Section 5 of Form R. flu-site Waste Management ftom Section 8 of Form R QflMte Releases fan Section 6 (transfers
Talal Prodttstlwwetatcd Waste sums Section 8 (Current Year, Column B) of Form R, except Non-productlon-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic incidents),
Faciiitia. forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 20 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*ncc" not elsewhere classified.
pounds for the year and that the facility did not
manufacture, process, or otherwise use more than 1
million pounds, (The Form A certification
statement is explained in Chapter 1.)
Forms that reported more than one four-digit SIC
code within SIC code 28 are the largest group in
chemical manufacturing. A significant portion of
flic chemical manufacturing sector conducts more
than one economic activity, as designated in the
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system.
Many facilities in this sector manufacture products
classified in separate but similar categories. For
example, some facilities manufacture industrial
inorganic chemicals and inorganic fertilizers.
Others produce both industrial organic chemicals
and organic dyes and pigments. This occurs to such
a large degree in chemical manufacturing that the
multiple-codes category is overall the largest
segment of the sector. (Box 4-2 in Chapter 4 further
explains reporting of multiple SIC codes and its
affect on the analyses presented in the TRI data
release.)
212
-------
Chapter 6 — TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
Table 6-1. Summary of TRI Information by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996; Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28, Continued
SIC
Code
2812
2813
2816
2819
2821
2822
2823
2824
2833
2834
2835
2836
2841
2842
2843
2844
2851
2861
2865
2869
2873
2874
2875
2879
2891
2892
2893
2895
2899
Industry
Alkalies & Chlonae
Industrial Oases
Inorganic Pigments
Industrial Inorganic Chemicals, nee*
Plastics Materials & Resins
Synthetic Rubber
Cellulosic Manmade Fibers
Organic Fibers, Nonceltalosic
Medicinals & Botanicals
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Diagnostic Substances
Biological Products Exc Diagnostic
Soap & Other Detergents
Polishes & Sanitation Goods
Surface Active Agents
Toilet Preparations
Paints & Allied Products
Gum & Wood Chemicals
Cyclic Crudes & Intermediates
Industrial Organic Chemicals, nee*
Nitrogenous Fertilizers
Phosphate Fertilizers
Fertilizers, Mixing Only
Agricultural Chemicals, nee*
Adhesives & Sealants
Explosives
Printing Ink
Carbon Black
Chemical Preparations, nee*
Multiple within SIC 28
Invalid SIC Code within SIC
Total for SIC Code 28
Total Other
On-site Waste
Management
Pounds
10,209,572
2,041,818
121,820,104
242,263,281
645,309,591
85,197,178
7,020,000
225,655,928
33,782,868
64,272,053
122,000
173,098
351,788
685,552
2,471,936
39,342
45,195,376
3,647,269
125,087,026
1,850,422,083
142,604,266
321,225,953
115,846
264,412,207
8,073,622
36,190,072
2,512,819
29,074,757
40,128,008
4,024,088,800
9,514
8,334,203,727
Transfers
Off-site for
Further Waste
Management
Pounds
1,640,186
348,439
2,381,438
18,574,376
130,341,411
14,381,774
835
4,521,488
27,056,801
79,918,722
307,458
117,651
532,832
371,348
2,390,172
290,789
54,484,497
87,795
29,451,711
137,545,758
1,054,819
30
155,994
12,718,434
7,176,760
24,308
2,715,638
40
6,409,652
363,308,016
547,709
898,856,881
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
12,496,408
3,098,233
143,209,221
298,761,439
806,534,910
115,581,021
28,083,000
230,701,490
63,749,829
158,265,118
477,866
309,357
919,277
1,281,309
4,668,368
469,340
109,809,047
12,705,271
165,050,442
2,131,447,740
189,839,104
350,438,184
1,833,438
279,005,337
16,804,457
37,693,600
5,782,633
45.929.24S
50,421,374
4,766,348,743
675,226
10,032,390,027
Non-
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
144
9,089
575
146,108
106,630
28,616
0
0
78
39,991
0
0
100
13,192
6,735
0
10,206
1,210
22,971
3,351,020
583,329
283,328
0
48,114
1.9S8
1,100
105,730
0
29,918
4,627,743
10
9,417,895
Note On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R. On-site Waste Management from Section 8 ofFonn R, Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers
off-site for disposal) of Form R. Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management ftom Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site for disposal) of Form R.
Total Production-related Waste sums Section 8 (Current Year, Column B) of FoimR, except Non-prodnction-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic incidents)
Facilities/forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 20 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*nee not elsewhere classified
In 1996, there were 6,542 forms that reported more
than one SIC code within SIC code 28. This was
31.0% of all forms in the chemical manufacturing
sector. [This multiple-codes category had more than
twice the number of forms submitted than the
industry with the second largest number of forms,
which was paints (SIC code 2851, with 2,974
forms). Third was miscellaneous industrial organic
chemicals (SIC code 2869) with 2,601.]
As shown in Table 6-1, the multiple-codes group
ranked first in the chemical manufacturing sector
for total on- and off-site releases and for total
production-related waste. On- and off-site releases
reported on these forms totaled 376.2 million
pounds, or 47.9% of the sector's total. Multiple-
code reporting of production-related waste totaled
4.77 billion pounds, or 47.5%. Forms with multiple
SIC codes also reported the largest amounts of on-
site waste management (4.02 billion pounds) and
transfers off-site for further waste management
(363.3 million pounds). Only in off-site releases
(transfers off-site to disposal) did multiple-codes
forms account for the second largest amount (7.9
213
-------
Chapters— TRIData for Chemical Manufacturing
Table 6-2, Multiple SIC Codes, 1996: Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28
Total Form
SIC Code Comblnitionj Forms As
Number Number
2812
2312
2312
2S12
2112
2812
28 12
2S12
2812
2313
2813
2316
2816
2816
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2819
2319
2319
2819
2319
2819
2319
2821
2821
2821
2821
2321
2821
2821
2821
2S21
2821
2S21
2821
2821
2821
2821
2822
2822
2813
2813
2813
23 16
2819
2819
2819
2821
2869
2819
2819
2819
2821
2869
2821
2821
2821
2833
2834
2841
2843
2865
286S
2869
2869
2869
2873
2879
2879
2892
2822
2823
2824
2834
2843
2843
2851
2865
2S6S
2169
2869
2869
2819
2879
2891
2865
2869
2819 2821 2869 2891
2842
2869
2869
2821 2865 2869
2869
2869
286S 2869 2899
2869 2873 2899
2899
2834 2869 2879
2865 2869
2869
2869
2869 2873 2879
2843
2869 2899
2869
2869 2879
2879
2879 2899
2869
2869
2865 2869 2893
2869
2865 2869
2879
2869 2879
2893
2879
2899
2891
2869 2873
2879
133
190
2
9
190
6
118
12
7
5
27
39
2
42
14
1
6
9
6
41
41
101
18
176
54
6
194
€
3
27
42
4
19
38
2
3
192
448
I
1,194
7
4
3
IS
52
127
3
9
10
0
0
«
1
it
1
0
0
0
2
0
5
1
0
0
0
0
3
8
7
0
14
4
0
27
I
2
6
2
1
1
2
0
I
25
37
0
99
0
0
0
2
5
8
0
Total
Oil-site
Releases
Pounds
813,229
1,627,737
44,442
22,425
9,504,907
2,597
2,162,784
31,262
1,118
2,038
168,561
11,610,586
5,313
522,326
5,975
140
3,213
37,161
35
119,404
1,247,311
5,356,330
195,012
4,450,006
884,557
111
67,432,668
7,452
0
21,703
680,896
920
408,856
461,560
84,222
260
1,354,187
15,721,687
0
52,941,527
1,335
23,007
215
596
1,077,102
6,973,168
350,024
Total
Off-lite
Releases
Pounds
145,360
5,294
0
4,117
235,743
0
13,392
0
15,017
0
255,905
158,518
0
1,625
70
0
2,388
0
0
520,149
16,534
321,689
236,665
676,876
264,041
4,787
13,811
264,688
250
64,058
2,704
0
617
91,054
0
0
94,250
202,987
668
837,784
23,240
0
4,350
0
19,948
14,449
420
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
958,589
1,633,031
44,442
26,542
9,740,650
2,597
2,176,176
31,262
14135
2,038
424,466
11,769,104
5,313
523,951
6,045
140
5,601
37,16!
35
639,553
1,263,845
5,678,019
431,677
5,126,882
1,148,598
4,898
67,446,479
272,140
250
85,761
683,600
920
409,473
552,614
84,222
260
1,448,437
15,924,674
668
53,779,311
24,575
23,007
4,565
596
1,097,050
6,987,617
350,444
Total
Otfter
Oil-site
Waste
Management
Pounds
92,389,377
177,353,033
7,907
632,925
257,076,151
1,073,300
7,782,395
3,251,154
8,186
113,660
1,027,308
124,145
0
791,768
1,486,774
0
169,600
43,985
0
36,480
916,240
2,768,553
1,667,386
26,282,121
91,541,968
53,227
78,723,236
26,370
130
24,921
30,984,085
3,355
44,451,583
5,078,426
779,998
0
59,342,694
213,871,069
0
1,148,337,585
418,000
345,27!
0
0
9,656,850
40,989,604
9,400
Total
Transfers
Off-site for
Farther
Waste
Management
Pounds
5,073,057
117,918
7,500
20,042
98,411
226,269
11,188,642
18,487
3,580
90
830,955
265,360
1,691
272,709
9,661
0
78,150
1,1 35,795
1,572
301,538
251,059
2,339,643
292,736
1,920,444
17,598,031
78,840
24,694,588
312,253
15
1,564,993
1,267,285
250
207
211,982
80
15,883
3,004,218
10,678,787
303
106,212,921
281,736
52,312
2,460
666
1,527,729
2,410,838
17,180
Total Non-
Production- Production-
related related
Waste Waste
Pounds Pounds
99,260,4762
179,095,068
58,692
679,492
266,929,658
1,302,176
21,291,152
3,300,937
27,652
115,788
2,296,495
12,124,550
7,004
2,076,644
1,501,922
140
252,154
1,216,023
15,607
548,172
2,426,126
11,118,359
2,388,348
33,364,811
110,030,804
137,125
175,743,068
610,594
284
1,567,646
32,937,053
4,305
44,865,605
5,916,950
864,300
15,893
63,792,268
239,257,548
971
1,305,680,838
727,582
420,590
13,384
862
12,299,164
50,264,145
377,024
2,922
3,722
1,161
0
30,759
0
1,034
22
0
0
541
0
0
3,550
287
0
0
0
0
427,993
0
1,874
0
12,229
16,436
0
2,275
2,469
0
2,961
202
0
190
81
0
0
37,858
157,209
0
3,452,925
0
0
0
0
14,947
3,058
0
Note: On-sUe Releases from Section 5 of Form R, Other Qn-s!f e Waste Management ftom Section 8 of Fona R. Off-site Releases are transfers off-site
to disposal fiotn Section 6 of Form R. Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 of Form R Total Produetton-
rdctcd Waste suns Section 8 of Form R, except Non-producttoa-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic incidents).
214
-------
Chapter 6 — TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
Table 6-2. Multiple SIC Codes, 1996: Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28, Continued
SIC Code Combinations
2824
2831
2833
2834
2833
2833
2833
2834
2834
2834
2834
2834
2841
2841
2842
2843
2851
2861
2865
2865
2865
2865
2869
2869
2873
2873
2875
2879
Total
2869
2833
2836
2834
2869
2879
2835
2836
2869
2879
2892
2842
2869
2879
2844
2891
2899
2869
2869
2869
2873
2879
2899
2874
2879
2879
2899
2834
2836 2879
2879
2836
2879
2899
2899
2879
2879 2899
2879
forSICCode28
Total Form
Forms As
Number Number
9
44
1
1
3
1
21
1
27
4
1
91
14
366
141
75
27
809
1
3
6
72
16
10
521
35
608
6,542
3
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
6
0
0
13
2
73
9
2
6
58
0
0
1
7
1
2
92
4
61
643
Total
On-sitc
Releases
Pounds
36,473
19,914,438
255
5
10
4,830
251,509
0
40,143
1,540
0
810,243
10,627
1,687,620
2,601,870
3,942,281
284,946
36,829,362
44
105,767
7
425,227
68,236
3,091
104,810,739
19,182
10,045,817
368,254,227
Total
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
0
431
0
0
0
0
7
1
233
3,258
0
7,577
3,306
774,214
15,701
212,462
4,032
1,224,458
0
504
5,550
7,795
664
12,545
276,507
415,386
418,097
7,896,176
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
36,473
19,914,869
255
5
10
4,830
251,516
1
40,376
4,798
0
817,820
13,933
2,461,834
2,617,571
4,154,743
288,978
38,053,820
44
106,271
5,557
433,022
68,900
15,636
105,087,246
434,568
10,463,914
376,150,403
Total
Other
On-site
Waste
Management
Pounds
227,039
33,503,656
0
0
31
5,700
8,237,954
15
1,917,817
5,145
4,400
249,811,749
5,099
9,295,053
39,577,945
15,665,848
19,995,203
1,059,752,821
0
171,000
12,600
5,164,286
463,129
0
153,224,089
1,105,695
126,302,306
4,024,088,800
Total
Transfers
Off-site for
Further
Waste
Management
Pounds
1,132
3,128,838
750
7,005
78
140
3,054,879
3,271
659,102
38,500
0
55,446
766,171
8,131,864
252,304
6,257,755
1,514,225
85,425,226
0
26,378
204,780
274,013
1,119,871
265
2,916,781
177,776
54,902,600
363,308,016
Total Non-
Production- Production-
related related
Waste Waste
Pounds Pounds
264,604
56,475,054
450
7,160
114
10,640
11,537,674
3,287
2,616,923
47,408
4,400
250,694,343
782,754
19,821,274
42,623,706
26,070,220
21,798,740
1,183,287,433
44
301,733
222,703
5,885,326
1,650,952
12,909
261,713,553
1,679,143
191,910,747
4,766,348,743
0
1,100
0
5
0
527
0
0
96
0
905
880
21,528
11,152
7,344
16,505
233,905
0
780
0
150
0
0
90,217
343
45,601
4,627,743
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R Other On-site Waste Management torn Section 8 of Foim R. Off-site Releases are transfers off-site
to disposal from Section 6 of Form R. Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management fiom Section 6 of Form R. Total Production-
related Waste sums Section 8 of Form R, except Non-prodnction-retated Waste (remedial/catastrophic incidents).
million pounds), behind miscellaneous industrial
organic chemicals (SIC code 2869; 8.9 million
pounds). This industry (miscellaneous industrial
organic chemicals, SIC code 2869) was second in
all other categories presented in Table 6-1.
Although drug manufacture constitutes the largest
economic activity in this sector, pharmaceutical
preparations (SIC code 2834) ranked 10th for both
total on- and off-site releases (with 13.1 million
pounds) and total production-related waste (with
158.3 million pounds). For transfers off-site for
further waste management, however, it ranked
fourth (79.9 million pounds).
Multiple Codes within SIC Code 28
Table 6-2 further examines reporting of multiple
SIC codes within SIC code 28. The combination
filing the largest number of forms was plastics
materials and resins (SIC code 2821) with
miscellaneous industrial organics (SIC code 2869).
215
-------
Chapter 6— TRt Data for Chemical Manufacturing
This combination submitted 1,194 forms and,
within the multiple-codes category, accounted for
the amount of other on-site waste management
(1.15 bOIion pounds), transfers off-site for further
waste management (106,2 milEon pounds), and total
production-related waste (L31 billion pounds). Cyclic
organic crudes and intermediates and organic dyes and
pigments (SIC code 2865) and misceEaneous
industrial organics (SIC code 2869) also reported, in
combination, large quantities of on-site waste
management (1.06 billion pounds) and production-
related waste (1.18 billion pounds). This group also
reported the largest off-site releases (transfers to
disposal), with 1.2 million pounds. There were 809
forms with this combination.
The multiple-code combination with the largest total
on- and off-site releases occurred in-agricultural
chemical production: nitrogenous fertilizers (SIC code
2873) and pesticides and other agricultural chemicals
(SIC code 2879). On- and for this
combination were 105.1 million pounds.
Miscellaneous industrial organics (SIC code 2869)
appeared in 41 of the 74 multiple-codes combinations.
On- and Off-site Releases
Half (50.0%) of all on- and off-site releases
reported in the chemical manufacturing sector were
air emissions, 392.4 million pounds out of 785.2
million pounds of total releases (see Table 6-3 and
Table 6-3. TR1 On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996: Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28 (in Rank Order)
SIC
C«Se
2349
2873
2SI9
282I
2S74
2823
28 1«
2S9S
28M
286$
2S22
2SS1
286 1
2899
28»
2S9I
2879
2S7S
2S92
2S13
2812
2893
2843
2824
2842
2S
-------
Other On-site
Land Releases
RCRA 8.7%
Subtitle C
Landfills
0.3%
uu,
Class
Wells
25 5%
Surface Water
11,5%
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
39%
UU, Class n-VW©lls=Q
Figure 6-1. Distribution of TRI On-site and
Off-site Releases, 1996; Chemical
Manufacturing (SIC Code 28)
Note! On-site Releases from Section 5 of Foim R. Off-sfte Releases from
Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R HW=underground injection.
Figure 6-1). Forms with, multiple codes in SIC code
28 reported the largest air emissions, 161.1 million
pounds, which was 41.1% of total air emissions
from chemical manufacturing.
Underground injection of 200.5 million pounds—
99.9% of it into Class I wells—was the second
largest release type, representing 25.5% of all
releases. Surface water discharges were 90.4
million pounds (11.5% of releases). On-site land
releases were 71.0 million pounds—2.7 million
pounds to RCRA subtitle C landfills and 68.3
million pounds to other on-site land releases. TMs
made on-site land releases 9.0% of total on- and
off-site releases. Off-site releases (transfers off-site
to disposal) totaled 30.8 million pounds, or 3.9%.
Multiple-codes forms led ail release types except,
as indicated above, off-site releases.
As discussed in Chapter 4, the chemical
manufacturing sector has reported the largest
amounts in most categories of TRI reporting.
Chapters— TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
including most types of on- and off-site releases
(see Tables 4-2 through 4-4 in Chapter 4). This is
especially true of underground injection, where the
200.3 million pounds reported as injected into Class
I wells by chemical manufacturing represented
98.4% of all such injection reported to TRI,2 (Forms
in chemical manufacturing reported 197,000
pounds of injection into Class II-V wells, which
represents 26.1% of the national total. Types of
underground injection are explained in Chapter 2.)
Table 6-3 provides on- and off-site release data for
all industries in SIC code 28. Figure 6-2 illustrates
the distribution by four-digit SIC code of chemical
manufacturing releases,
Other On-site Waste Management
Recycling was the largest on-site waste
management method in chemical manufacturing,
with 3.73 billion pounds (44.8%), followed by
treatment with 3,25 billion pounds (39.1%), and
energy recovery with 1.35 billion pounds (16.2%).
On-site waste management data appear in Table 6-4
and their distribution is illustrated in Figure 6-3.
For all types of on-site waste management—
recycling, energy recovery, and treatment—
multiple-codes forms reported the largest quantities
in the chemical manufacturing sector and
miscellaneous industrial organic chemicals (SIC
code 2869) the second largest (see Table 6-4).
Together, they accounted for 2.37 billion pounds of
on-site recycling (63.6% of the sector's total), 1.18
billion pounds of on-site energy recovery (87.4%),
and 2.32 billion pounds of on-site treatment
(71.4%). Total other on-sit© waste management for
the multiple-codes forms (4.02 billion pounds) and
the miscellaneous industrial organics (1.85 billion
pounds) amounted to 70.5% of on-site waste
It is important to note that companies using underground injection as a
method of disposal have suggested that underground injection is not a
"release" to the environment and should not be counted ui release totals
However, it should be noted that underground injection is clearly included to
the EPCRA definition of "release "
217
-------
Chapter 6— TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
400,000,000
350,000,000 .
300,000,000 .
» 250,000,000 ,
"6
°- 200,000,000 .
150,000,000 .
100,000,000 .
50,000,000 .
B Transfers Off-site to Disposal
• Other Qn-s!te Land Releases
• RCRA Subtitle C Landfills
D UIJ, Class It-V Wells
UU, Class I Wells
Surface Water
Air
Mult. 2869 2873 2819 2821 2874 2816 2834
Figure 6-2. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, SIC Codes with Largest Releases,
1996; Chemical Manufacturing (SIC Code 28)
Notts Oa-Sltc Releases from Section 5 of Form R Off-site releases ftom Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R, Forms with more thaa one 4-digit
SIC code within SIC code 28 are assigned to the "multiple" oategoiy. UIJ=underground injection.
management in this sector. Figure 6-4 illustrates
the distribution, of on-site waste management
reporting for the top 10 industries in the chemical
manufacturing sector.
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management
Transfers to energy recovery were the largest off-
site transfer type in chemical manufacturing, with
378,4 million pounds (42,1% of the total), as shown
in Table 6-5 and illustrated in Figure 6-5. Next
largest was recycling, with 256.6 million pounds
(28.6%). A total of 154.3 million pounds (17.2%)
was transferred to treatment and 109.5 million
pounds to POTWs (12.2%).
Forms with multiple codes in SIC code 28 led all
transfers off-site for further waste management
The multiple-codes category reported 40.4% of the
off-site transfers (363.3 million pounds of the
898.9-million-pound total) and more than 35% of
each transfer type. (See Table 6-5 and Figure 6-6.)
1996 TRI Data by State for
Chemical Manufacturing
The large role of petrochemicals in the chemical
manufacturing sector explains some of the
geographic distribution of releases and waste
management reported to TRI, In 1996, Texas led all
218
-------
Chapter 6 — TR! Data for Chemical Manufacturing
Table 6-4. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, 1996: Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28 (in Rank Order)
SIC
Code
2869
2821
2874
2879
2819
2824
2873
2865
2816
2822
2834
2851
2899
2892
2833
2895
2812
2891
2823
2861
2893
2843
2813
2842
2841
2836
2835
2875
2844
Industry
Multiple within SIC 28
Industrial Organic Chemicals, nee*
Plastics Materials & Resins
Phosphafie Fertilizers
Agricultural Chemicals, nee*
Industrial Inorganic Chemicals, nee*
Organic Fibers, NoncelMosic
Nitrogenous Fertilizers
Cyclic Crudes & Intermediates
Inorganic Pigments
Synthetic Rubber
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Paints & Allied Products
Chemical Preparations, nee*
Explosives
Medicinals & Botanicals
Carbon Black
Alkalies & Chlorine
Adhesives & Sealants
Cellulosic Manmade Fibacs
Gum & Wood Chemicals
Printing Ink
Surface Active Agents
Industrial Gases
Polishes & Sanitation Goods
Soap & Other Detergents
Biological Products Exc. Diagnostic
Diagnostic Substances
Fertilizers, Mixing Only
Toilet Preparations
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 28
Total for SIC Code 28
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
1,782,454,512
590,176,326
286,924,305
316,143,932
235,140,169
121,761,254
5,824,384
117,479,132
57,690,916
22,341,985
41,133,955
27,505,526
36,489,898
35,520,982
26,283,771
13,031,122
0
522,299
6,862,357
6,820,000
0
166,026
639,549
99,517
52,008
37,279
24,464
0
115,746
WO
5,300
3,731,246,814
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
616,054,351
563,072,761
102,190,602
0
312,932
11,623,000
0
7,287,494
22,222,730
0
12,218,500
1,329,261
114,045
976,540
0
2,222,500
7,998,571
0
796,479
0
9,900
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 ,
0
0
0
1,348,429,666
Treated
On-site
Pounds
1,625,579,937
697,172,996
256,194,684
5,082,021
28,959,106
108,879,027
219,831,544
17,837,640
45,173,380
99,478,119
31,844,723
35,437,266
8,591,433
3,630,486
9,906,301
18,529,246
21,076,186
9,687,273
414,786
200,000
3,637,369
2,346,793
1,832,387
1,942,301
633,544
314,509
148,634
122,000
100
39,242
4,214
3,254,527,247
Total Other
On-site Waste
Management
Pounds
4,024,088,800
1,850,422,083
645,309,591
321,225,953
264,412,207
242,263,281
225,655,928
142,604,266
125,087,026
121,820,104
85,197,178
64,272,053
45,195,376
40,128,008
36,190,072
33,782,868
29,074,757
10,209,572
8,073,622
7,020,000
3,647,269
2,512,819
2,471,936
2,041,818
685,552
351,788
173,098
122,000
115,846
39,342
9,514
8,334,203,72?
Note: Other On-site Waste Management fi»m Section 8 of Form R Forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 28 are assigned to the
"mult^to" categoiy.
*nec not elsewhere classified
219
-------
Chapter 6— TRIData for Chemical Manufacturing
Treated
On-site
39,1%
Recycled
On-site
44.8%
Energy Recovery
On-site
165%
Figure 6-3. Distribution of TRI Other
On-site Waste Management, 1996:
Chemical Manufacturing {SIC Code 28)
states and territories in all categories summarized in
Table 6-6,
Texas' 202,2 million pounds of total on- and off-site
releases was 25.8% of the sector's total of 785,2
million pounds. Louisiana was second witli 148.9
million pounds, or 19.0%. For on-site releases,
Texas was also first (with 193.0 million pounds, or
25.6%) and Louisiana second (147.8 million
pounds, or 19,6%). For off-site releases (transfers
to disposal), Texas reported 9.2 million pounds
(30,0%) and Ohio was second with 6.0 million
pounds (19.5%).
For other on-site waste management, Texas
reported 2,73 billion pounds, or 32.8% of the total,
Louisiana followed with 1.56 billion pounds, or
18.7%. Transfers off-site for further waste
Note Data from Section 8 of Form R
4,500,000,000
4,000,000,000 -
3,500,000,000 .
3,000,000,000 .
2,500,000,000 ,
2,000,000,000 .
1,500,000,000 ,
1,000,000,000
500,000,000
0
•Treated
• Energy Recovery
H Recycled
Mult. 2869 2821 2874 2879 2819 2824 2873 2865 2816
Figure 6-4. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, SIC Codes with
Largest Totals, 1996: Chemical Manufacturing (SIC Code 28)
Note; Qthw On-SMe "Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R Fonns wtflj more than one 4-dig»t SIC code withm SIC Code 28 ate assigned
220
-------
Chapter 6-
• TftI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
Table 6-5. TR1 Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, 1996; Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28
(in Rank Order)
SIC
Code
2869
2821
2834
2851
2865
2833
2819
2822
2879
2891
2899
2824
2893
2843
2816
2812
2873
2841
2842
2813
2835
2844
2875
2836
2861
2892
2823
2895
2874
Industry
Multiple within SIC 28
Industrial Organic Chemicals, nee*
Plastics Materials & Resins
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Paints & Allied Products
Cyclic Guides & Intermediates
Medieinals & Botanicals
Industrial Inorganic Chemicals, nee*
Synthetic Rubber
Agricultural Chemicals, nee*
Adhesive* & Sealants
Chemical Preparations, nee*
Organic Fibers, Nonceitulosic
Printing Ink
Surface Active Agents
Inorganic Pigments
Alkalies & Chlorine
Nitrogenous Ferfilizere
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 28
Soap & Other Detergents
Polishes & Sanitation Goods
Industrial Gases
Diagnostic Substances
Toilet Preparations
Fertdizets, Mixing Only-
Biological Products Exc Diagnostic
Gum & Wood Chemicals
Explosives
Cellutosic Manmade Fibers
Cartwn Black
Phosphattc Fertilizers
Total for SIC Code 28
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
107,208,728
18,767,560
67,603,104
7,193,129
17,386,095
4,203,666
606,897
8,583,527
9,063,698
6,612,868
620,984
776,677
4,468,347
1,315,638
101,873
483,903
18,222
782,046
500,000
251,591
1,920
9,260
68,619
0
0
3.9SO
6,075
840
0
0
0
256,639,247
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
135,922,272
70,621,180
50,449,412
48,588394
32,441,404
6,713,095
18,788,469
311,463
2,139,422
2,794,75?
3,871,511
1,798,717
3,364
1,021,091
762,231
0
1,588,333
0
32,242
14,511
50,794
167,302
128,788
54,919
0
51,247
55,000
0
0
0
0
378,369,918
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
68,337,839
25,877,851
8,320,583
20,497,843
3,808,181
5,335,285
2,439,764
7,«94,808
2,890,414
3,202,883
2,605,423
2,044,257
6,217
287,777
64,972
76,589
33,376
93,496
12,910
48,027
144,955
159,281
77,788
32,416
155,739
4,298
3,940
23,213
0
20
0
154,280,145
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
51,838,464
22,270,248
3,968,312
3,558,808
848,057
13,199,665
5,221,671
1,984,078
288,240
107,926
78,842
1,790,001
43,560
91,132
1,461,096
1,820,946
255
179,277
2,557
218,703
173,679
0
32,263
202,974
255
58,126
22,780
255
835
20
30
109,463,055
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
713
8,919
0
80,548
760
0
0
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
12,596
0
480
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
104,516
Total Off-site
Transfers
for Further
Waste
Management
Ponnds
363,308,016
137,545,758
130,341,411
79,918,722
54,484,497
29,451,711
27,056,801
18,574,376
14,381,774
12,718,434
7,176,760
6,409,652
4,521,488
2,715,638
2,390,172
2,381,438
1,640,186
1,054,819
547,709
532,832
371,348
348,439
307,458
290,789
155,994
117,651
87,795
24,308
835
40
30
898,856,881
Notes Off-site Transfers for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Other Off-site Transfers reported
without vakd waste management code. Forms with more than one 4-digtt SIC code within SIC code 28 are assigned to the multiple category
*nec: not elsewhere classified
management were 161.4 million pounds in, Texas,
or 18.0%, and 102.4 million pounds in second-
ranked Michigan, or 11.4%, Production-related
waste totaled 3.11 billion pounds in Texas, or
31.0%, followed by Louisiana, with 1.76
billion pounds, or 17.6%. Finally, non-production
related waste (from one-time events such as
catastrophic events or clean-up actions) was 3.8
million pounds in Texas, or 40.9% of the total, and
3.1 million pounds in North Carolina, or 33.2%.
Map 6-1 illustrates the geographic distribution of
total on- and off-site releases in the chemical
manufacturing sector.
221
-------
Chapter 6 — TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
To POTWs
12.2%
To
Treatment
17,2%
To Recycling
28.6%
To Eneigy
Recovery
42.1%
Figure 6-5. Distribution of TRI Transfers
Off-site for Further Waste Management, 1996,'
Chemical Manufacturing (SIC Code 28)
Notes Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6
(excluding transfere off-site to disposal) of Form R. Other Off-site
Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste management code
1996 TRI Data by
Chemical for Chemical
Manufacturing
In 1996, the chemical with, the largest on- and off-
site releases in the chemical manufacturing sector
was ammonia, with 108.4 million pounds, as shown
in Table 6-7. Ammonia is used in many chemical
manufacturing processes and is the building block
for all synthetic nitrogen products. Its prevalence,
its volatility, and its solubility hi water allow it to
be readily released to the air and water. Ammonia
is used to produce fertilizers, plastics, explosives,
and pharmaceuticals. It is also used as a catalyst in
phenol-formaldehyde condensation and in urea-
formaldehyde condensation to make synthetic resin.
400,000,000
o.
350,000,000 ,
300,000,000 .
250,000,000 .
200,000,000
150,000,000 .
100,000,000 -
I
I
i
50,000,000 j
8 Other Off-site Transfers
DTo POTWs
O To Treatment
•To Energy Recovery
•To Recycling
Mult 2869 2821 2834 2851 2865 2833 2819 2822 2879
Figure 6-i. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management,
SIC Codes with Largest Totals, 1996: Chemical Manufacturing
(SIC Code 28)
Note! OfMte transfers for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding off-site transfas to disposal) of Form R Other Off-Site
Transfers reported without valid waste management code. Forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code wrftei SIC Code 28 are assigned to the
"multiple" category.
222
-------
Chapter 6 — TKI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
Table 6-6. Summary of TR1 Information by State, 1996: Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28
Total
State Facilities
Number
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Miiwuri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rw»
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Viigmia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total for SIC
Code 28
69
1
27
41
272
27
34
28
123
175
1
7
258
96
48
44
61
132
2
SO
86
104
54
38
112
9
19
15
9
232
4
137
129
4
275
34
33
174
61
15
98
1
96
353
22
1
71
38
39
88
8
3,855
Total
Forms Form As
Number Number
471
10
86
247
1,010
as
212
115
427
774
1
34
1,467
506
240
- 223
494
1,281
4
223
360
679
175
218
553
37
77
41
37
1,144
17
571
708
12
1,465
140
135
944
232
77
635
8
570
2,961
77
8
305
129
398
427
48
21,098
67
0
20
45
151
17
21
13
68
191
0
0
234
45
27
21
60
69
0
36
52
55
51
40
88
0
10
11
14
169
8
63
91
8
200
20
18
127
10
25
94
0
86
274
19
0
39
19
10
114
10
2,810
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
36,256,912
4,715,420
295,602
7,755,860
5,144,883
548,274
1,803,958
1,611,092
48,420,645
8,822,284
0
8,953,540
18,228,475
7,180,851
5,428,228
5,568,820
13,606,273
147,821,794
6,029
3,992,318
620,604
12,295,482
472,427
12,694,232
14,947,833
87,065
1,930,166
2,400,670
30,863
7,829,079
33,156
5,719,738
32,475,407
250
30,621,467
1 1,159,256
1,351,214
3,879,566
3,846,230
87,486
11,037,662
327,250
42,381,294
192,978,481
704,294
13,248
9,297,224
1,548,356
18,080,942
1,061,348
8,262,552
754,336,100
Total
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
618,444
0
532
563,398
437,621
36,600
301,459
95,248
95,750
309,370
0
3,752
2,007,116
752,513
232,511
2,583,171
437,860
1,038,973
2,453
132,040
44,640
290,770
3,111
79,087
401,901
18,587
4,305
29,430
30,032
1,068,310
1,250
366,079
1,185,449
0
6,027,879
53,367
2,505
395,310
67,233
206
532,273
0
144,701
9,248,340
1,573
0
208,173
305,705
593,162
89,280
594
30,842,063
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
36,875,356
4,715,420
296,134
8,319,258
5,582,504
584,874
2,105,417
1,706,340
48,516,395
9,131,654
0
8,957,292
20,235,591
7,933,364
5,660,739
8,151,991
14,044,133
148,860,767
8,482
4,124,358
665,244
12,586,252
475,538
12,773.319
15349,734
105,652
1,934,471
2,430,100
60,895
8,897,319
34,406
6,085,817
33,660,856
250
36,649,346
11,212,623
1,353,719
4,274,876
3,913,463
87,692
11,569,935
327,250
42,525,995
202,226,821
705,867
13,248
9,505,397
1,854,061
18,674,104
1,150,628
8,263,146
785,178,163
Total Transfen
Total Other Off-site for
Oil-site Waste Farther Waste
Management Management
Pounds Pounds
250,719,277
3,097,400
17,464,982
138,750,132
44,171,522
1,137,926
83,049,612
50,223,316
159,224,567
295,389,027
0
311,332
224,612,209
137,780,619
23,193,730
102,119,940
160,630,831
1,560,078,542
8,005,992
33,735,292
3,140,409
68,888,478
505,820
198,939,835
88,072,868
436,810
3,523,664
7,398,289
15,306,040
159,943,534
11,371
95,307,476
375,245,123
200
177,158,047
38,671,234
19,144,069
83,378,130
15,811,291
472,528
203,546,248
1,403,000
132,709,522
2,730,560,792
1,732,810
91,192
292,462,637
47,498,047
266,860,761
10,485,453
1,801,801
8,334,203,727
13,106,050
213,885
73,119
10,025,280
15,901,758
4,500,603
6,539,897
5,475,792
4,360,732
10,859,002
0
192,258
46,075,506
11,824,299
5,110,249
7,371,316
17,041,020
53,892,930
0
4,053,887
6,405,744
102,378,648
205,778
3,858,053
37,367,152
58,151
1,913,577
14,953
182,739
58,590,419
2 250
13,49l',976
47,646,908
1,108
58,594,420
292,512
328,35?
23,497,561
23,691,207
663,9»
46,793,640
107,864
11,587,305
161,375,551
437,742
5,450
21,774,807
447,036
36,979,022
23,518,514
26,855
898,856,881
Total
Production- 1
related
Waste
Pounds
301,255,192
8,064,924
17,827,545
157,174,263
65,480,518
6,212,306
91,515,575
57,389,695
211,803,901
315,272,953
0
9,519,439
290,294,227
158,072,740
33,536,843
117,658,339
191,396,937
1,762,618,869
8,014,463
42,004,515
10,384,191
184,487,426
1^96,660
215,184,731
139,818,581
612,619
7,384,385
9,842,473
15,521,122
226,465,823
45,967
115,161,129
454,231,180
l",608
272,028,935
50,147,842
20,806,580
108,503,955
44,345,288
1,223,317
262,971,728
1,876,794
186,704,773
3,113,819,489
2,607,566
107,961
324,643,920
49,305,658
322,581,703
35,074,119
10,089,260
10,032,390,027
Non-
related
Waste
Pounds
39,208
79,000
11,695
690
31,123
18,003
35,399
13,173
286,570
16,693
0
17,401
53,675
37,534
248,954
86,434
177,483
185,930
0
0
1,401
21,431
4
9,835
31,252
323
54,947
6,S27
17,279
54,597
0
24,768
3,129,279
0
57,892
43,307
119
17,618
11,567
0
21 1,508
0
50,085
3,849,979
1,120
0
36,096
410,222
37,063
711
0
9,417,895
Note On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R. On-sfe Waste Management ftorn Section 8 of Form R Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to
disposal) of Form R Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Total
Production-related. Waste sums Section 8 (Current Year, Column B) of Form R, except Non-prodnetion-relatel Waste (remedial/catastrophic incidents)
223
-------
Map 6-1, TotaJ On-and Off-site Releases, 1Sif: Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28
Alaska
Hawaii
Puerto Rico
Pounds
More than 100,000,000
10,000,000 to 100,000,000
1,000,000 to 10,000,000
0 to 1,000,000
•o
I
o>
a
o
m
IT
f
§
CD
I
I
Note.On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 {transfers offsite to disposal) of Form R,
-------
Chapter 6 — TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
Table 6-7. The 15 Chemicals with the Largest Total On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996: Chemical Manufacturing,
SIC Code 28 (in Rank Order)
On-site Land Releases
CAS
Number
7664-41-7
—
67-56-1
75-15-0
7664-38-2
' 74-85-1
75-05-8
—
115-07-1
7697-37-2
108-88-3
—
107-21-1
64-18-6
7647-01-0
Chemical
Ammonia
Nitrate compounds
Methanol
Carbon distilfide
Phosphoric acid
Ethylene
Acetomtnle
Chromium compounds
Propylene
Nitac acid
Toluene
Manganese compounds
Ethylene glycol
Formic acid
Hydrochloric acid
Subtotal
Total for SIC Code 28
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
80,117,508
271,349
39,338,505
60,152,700
612,359
31,368,678
970,241
49,852
19,966,587
1,273,268
15,011,903
188,249
3,010,513
2,023,649
11,596,245
265,951,606
392,434,100
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
3,673,351
52,991,156
781,457
66,151
28,358,221
22,190
10,600
23,413
83
170,657
23,173
575,935
474,268
80,119
4,969
87,255,743
90,420,803
TIndergrnnnri Injection
Class I
Wells
Pounds
22,370,883
39,398,312
23,656,675
3,788
9,316
0
22,826,712
33,944
0
17,483,860
154,308
11,480
7,698,571
11,001,260
260,005
144,909,114
200,317,453
Class 11-
V Wells
Pounds
192,283
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,600
2,308
0
0
0
197,441
197,441
RCRA
Subtitle C
Landfills
Pounds
425,318
0
1,908
0
250
0
11
26,034
0
513
119,079
250
821
5
0
574,189
2,689,697
Other
On-site T.and
Releases
Pounds
709,001
252,836
403,078
270
25,611,553
0
5
21,514,596
370
14,199
4,340
6,450,091
224.86S
3,005
1,051
55,189,263
68,276,606
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
107,488344
92,913,903
64,181,623
60,222,909
54,591,699
31,390,868
23,807,569
21,647,839
19,967,040
18,942,497
15,315,403
7,228,313
11,409,041
13,108,038
11,862,270
554,077,356
754,336,100
Off-site
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
875,871
1,063,493
1,212,076
19,097
416,763
2,953
544,920
461,427
1,044
287,553
487,821
7,624,113
2,027,535
101,851
17,333
15,143,850
30,842,063
Total On-
iind Off-site
Releases
Pounds
108,364,215
93,977,396
65,393,699
60,242,006
55,008,462
31,393,821
24,352,489
22,109,266
19,968,084
19,230,050
15,803,224
14,852,426
13,436,576
13,209,889
11,879,603
569,221,206
785,178,163
Note On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form K,
Air emissions were the largest type of on- or off-
site release reported by the chemical industry and
the largest release for seven of the top 15 chemicals
in this industry; ammonia, methanol, carbon
disulfide, etibylene, propylene, toluene, and
hydrochloric acid (see Table 6-7). The 257.6
million pounds of air emissions of these seven
chemicals were two-thirds (65.6%) of all air
emissions in the sector. Nitrate compounds and
phosphoric acid were discharged to surface waters
hi the largest amounts, 53.0 million pounds and
28.4 million pounds, respectively. These two
chemicals accounted for 90.0% of the sector's on-
site releases to water.
Nitrate compounds was also the largest chemical
for injection to Class I wells, with 39.4 million
pounds. Ammonia, methanol, and acetonitrile also
had more than 20 million pounds each of such
underground injection, and these four chemicals
together (totaling 108.3 million pounds)
represented 54.0% of the sector's underground
injection to Class I wells.
Forms in chemical manufacturing reported more
phosphoric acid (25.6 million pounds) and
chromium compounds (21.5 million pounds) in
other on-site land releases than any other TRI
chemical. These two chemicals accounted for
69.0% of the sector's other on-site land releases.
On-site disposal in RCRA subtitle C landfills was
only 3.8% of all on-site land releases in the sector,
and this category was led by ammonia with 425,000
pounds. Manganese compounds were sent off-site
for disposal (off-site releases) in the largest amount
(7.6 million pounds); more of this chemical was
released off-site than in all its on-site releases
(totaling 7.2 million pounds). Manganese
compounds accounted for 24.7% of all chemical
manufacturing off-site releases.
OSHA Carcinogens
On- and off-site releases of chemicals designated as
OSHA carcinogens totaled 65.1 million pounds, or
8.3% of all releases in the chemical manufacturing
sector in 1996, as shown on Table 6-8. (OSHA
carcinogens and the bases for their designation
appear in Box 2-4 in Chapter 2.) Two OSHA
carcinogens had releases of more than 10 million
pounds each: formaldehyde (11.9 million pounds)
and dichloromethane (10.5 million pounds). The
three carcinogens with the next largest releases in
225
-------
Chapter 6 — TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
Table 6*8. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of OSHA Carcinogens by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996: Chemical Manufacturing,
SIC Coda 28 (in Rank Order)
SIC
Code
2869
2821
2834
2822
28«5
2899
2819
2879
289!
2851
2833
2824
2812
2843
8873
a842
2895
2813
2861
2875
2S3S
2S92
2S41
2334
2816
2844
2893
Industry
Multiple within SIC 28
Industrial Organic Chemicals, ncc*
Plutics Materials & Resins
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Synthetic Rubber
Cyclic Crude* & Intermediates
Chemical Preparations, nee*
Industrial Inorganic Chemicals, nee*
Agricultural Chemicals, ncc*
AdhcsH es & Sealants
Painu & Allied Products
Mcxlicmah & Botanicals
Organic Fiber*, Noncellulosie
Alkalies &. Chlorine
Surface Active Agents
Nitrogenous Fertilizers
Polishes & Sanitation Goods
Carbon Black
Industrial Gases
Gum <& Wood Chemicals '
Fertilizers, Mixing Only
Diagnostic Subs lances
Explosives
Soap & Other Detergents
Biological Products Exe. Diagnostic
Inorganic Pigments
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 28
Toilet Preparations
Printing Ink
Subtotal
Total for SIC Code 28
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
14,668,339
5,123,084
7,906,776
2,589,380
1,642,179
1,010,827
179314
40,140
471,431
598,335
460,100
448,557
92,724
80,746
53,212
19,885
35,228
35,900
17,400
4,794
2,771
2,436
2,250
2,161
1,950
274
762
700
502
35,492,157
392,434,100
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
468,583
44,255
120,739
337
938
5,911
34
2,220
1,586
0
754
9,545
0
9
6
805
0
5
0
250
0
0
0
0
0
161
0
0
0
656,138
90,420,803
Underground Injection
Class I Class II-
Wells V Wells
Pounds Pounds
15,774,009
6,763,011
0
1,123,150
0
10,400
0
0
73,406
0
0
0
19,091
0
0
490
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
23,763,557
200,317,453
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
197,441
On-sitc Land Releases
RCKA Other
Subtitle C On-site Land
Landfills Releases
Pounds Pounds
286,539
10,471
0
0
0
0
0
13,181
755
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
776
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
311,722
2,689,69?
457,720
22,541
5,217
10,699
17334
712
0
444,289
538
8,096
4,250
200
0
0
13
570
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
972,179
68,276,606
Total
On-slte
Eeleases
Pounds
31,655,190
11,963,362
8,032,732
3,723,566
1,660,451
1,027,850
179,348
499,830
547,716
606,431
465,104
458,302
111,815
80,755
53,231
21,750
35,228
35,905
18,176
5,044
2,771
2,436
2,250
2,161
1,950
435
762
700
502
61,195,753
754,336,100
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
1,342,263
1,232,139
96,644
69,036
33,446
391,569
502,108
138,264
81,011
564
12,671
5,000
3,300
8,736
536
19.30P
2,905
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
851
0
0
5
3,940,353
30,842,063
Total On-
and Off-sit*
Releases
Pounds
32,997,453
13,195,501
8,129,376
3,792,602
1,693,897
1,419,419
681,456
638,094
628,727
606,995
477,775
463,302
115,115
89,491
53,767
41,050
38,133
35,910
18,176
5,044
2,771
2,436
2,250
2,161
1,950
1,286
762
700
507
65,136,106
785,178,163
Note; On-sitc Releases from Section 5 of Form. R. Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Forms with more thaa one 4-dtgit
SIC code within SIC code 28 arc assigned to the "multiple" category,
*nec: not elsewhere classified.
this sector were acrylamide (6.2 million pounds),
styrene (5.2 million pounds), and acrylonitrile (4.9
million pounds). None of the OSHA carcinogens
ranked among the top 15 TRI chemicals for total
releases in this sector (presented in Table 6-7).
Forms with multiple SIC codes in SIC 28 reported
half of the OSHA carcinogen releases in the
chemical manufacturing sector—33.0 million
pounds, or 50.7%. Miscellaneous industrial organic
chemical manufacturing (SIC code 2869) accounted
for another 13.2 million pounds, or 20.3%. Emissions
to air were 14,7 million pounds for multiple codes and
5.1 million pounds for miscellaneous industrial
organic chemicals. Figure 6-7 shows the on- and off-
site releases of the four-digit SIC codes with the
largest OSHA carcinogen releases.
1996 TRI Chemicals in
Waste for Chemical
Manufacturing
Table 6-9 and Figure 6-8 present waste
management data for all chemical manufacturing
industries. Production-related waste totaled 10.03
billion pounds in 1996.
Forms with multiple SIC codes within SIC 28 led
all waste management categories in 1996. Forms
reporting the miscellaneous industrial organic
chemicals SIC code (2869) were second in all
categories, except off-site recycling (where plastics
226
-------
Chapter 6— TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
35,000,000
30,000,000 -
25,000,000 -
c 20,000,000 .
o
Q.
15,000,000 -
10,000,000 -
5,000,000 -
• Transfers Off-site to Disposal
• Other On-site Land Releases
Q RCRA Subtitle C Landfills
H UJJ, Class I Wells
m Surface Water
• Air
UIJ, Class iI-VWelis=0
Mult
2869
2821
2834
2822
Figure 6-7. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of OSHA Carcinogens, SIC
Codes with Largest Totals, 1996: Chemical Manufacturing (SIC Code 28)
Motes: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R. Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfeis to disposal) of Form R Fonns with more than one 4-digit
SIC code within SIC code 28 are assigned to the "multiple" category UIJ= underground injection
Table 6-9. Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996: Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28
(in Rank Order)
SIC
Cade
2869
2821
2874
2819
2879
2824
2873
2865
2834
2816
2822
2851
2833
2899
2895
2892
2823
2891
2861
2812
2893
2843
2813
2875
2842
2841
2835
2844
2836
Industry
Multiple within SIC 28
Industrial Organic Chemicals, nee*
Plastics Materials & Resins
Phosphatic Fertilizers
Industrial Inorganic Chemicals, nee*
Agricultural Chemicals, nee*
Organic Fibers, Noneellulosie
Nitrogenous Fertilizers
Cyclic Crudes & Intermediates
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Inorganic Pigments
Synthetic Robber
Paints & Allied Products
Medicinals & Botanicals
Chemical Preparations, nee*
Carbon Black
Explosives
Cellulosic Mamaade Fibers
Adheswes Si Sealants
Gum & Wood Chemicals
Alkalies & Chlorine
Prating Ink
Surface Active Agents
Industrial Gases
Fertilizers, Mixing Only
Polishes & Salutation Goods
Soap & Other Detergents
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 28
Diagnostic Substances
Toilet Preparations
Biological Products Exc Diagnostic
Total for SIC Code 28
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
1,782,454,512
590,176,326
286,924,305
316,143,932
121,761,254
235,140,169
5,824,384
117,479,132
57,690,916
27,505,526
22,341,985
41,133,955
36,489,898
13,031,122
35,520,982
0
26,283,771
6,820,000
6,862,357
0
522,299
166,026
639,549
99,517
115,746
52,008
37,279
5,300
0
100
24,464
3,731,246,814
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
616,054,351
563,072,761
102,190,602
0
11,623,000
312,932
0
• 7,287,494
22,222,730
1,329,261
0
J2,2!8,500
114,045
2,222,500
976,540
7,998,571
0
0
796,479
9,900
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,348,429,666
Treated
On-site
Pounds
1,625,579,937
697,172,996
256,194,684
5,082,021
108,879,027
28,959,106
219,831,544
17,837,640
45,173,380
35,437,266
99,478,119
31,844,723
8,591,433
18,529,246
3,630,486
21,076,186
9,906,301
200,000
414,786
3,637,369
9,687,273
2,346,793
1,832,387
1,942,301
100
633,544
314,509
4,214
122,000
39,242
148,634
3,254,527,247
Recycled
Oil-site
Poumls
105,373,291
18,783,258
67,720,050
0
8,464,006
6,612,794
4,468,347
910,518
4,203,666
7,231,689
515,583
14,868,428
17,208,162
647,032
752,911
0
7,300
0
960,450
6,075
18,222
1,232,402
46,855
9,260
0
2,673
255,659
500,000
68,519
0
0
260,867,150
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
137,039,894
74,783,716
45,711,839
0
304,681
2,798301
12,003
0
4,527,167
51,537,812
9,500
2307,731
32,962,450
18,698,199
1,970,260
0
0
0
3,875,872
55,000
1,588,333
936,454
755,608
165,302
0
45,007
20,111
28,575
134,258
60,778
2«,669
380,355,520
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
120,186,512
49,793,691
16,864,052
29
8,389,844
2,937,897
49,449
199,773
20,812,154
22,186,093
1,877,824
3,155,855
4,804,061
5,646,306
3,730,664
24
30,589
85
1,492,714
26,950
31,105
449,048
564,152
75,362
53,681
322,588
230,686
65,609
134,546
209,819
52,527
264,373,689
Quantity
Released
On- and
Off-site
Pounds
379,660,246
137,664,992
30,929378
29,212,202
39,339,627
2,244,138
515,763
46,124,547
10,420,429
13,037,471
18,986,210
10,051,829
9,638,998
4,975,424
3,839,531
16,854,464
1,465,639
21,062,915
2,401,799
8,969,977
649,176
651,910
829,817
806,491
1,663,911
225,489
61,033
71,528
18,543
159,401
57,063
792,589,941
Total
Production-
relate*
W«st»
Pounds
4,766348,743
2,131,447,740
806,534,910
350,438,184
298,761,439
279,005337
230,701,490
189,839,104
165,050,442
158,265,118
1433)9,221
115,581,021
109,809,047
63,749,829
50,421,374
45,929,245
37,693,600
28,083,000
16,804,457
12,705,271
12,496,408
5,782,633
4,668,368
3,098,233
1,833,438
1,281309
919,277
675,226
477,866
469,340
309,357
10,032,390,027
Non
Producfoon-
related
Waste
Pounds
4,627,743
3351,020
106,630
283,328
146,108
48,114
0
583329
22,971
39,991
575
28,616
10,206
78
29,918
0
1,100
0
1,958
1,210
144
105,730
6,735
9,089
0
13,192
100
10
0
0
0
9,417,895
Note: Data from Section 8 of Form R Forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 28 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*nec* not elsewhere classified
227
-------
Chapter 6— TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
Quantity
Released
7.9%
Off-site
Waste
Management
9.0%
On-site
Waste
Management
83.1%
Figure 6-8. Distribution of TRi Production-
Related Waste, 1996: Chemical
Manufacturing (SIC Code 28}
materials and resins, SIC code 2861 was second).
Together, the multiple-codes group and the
miscellaneous industrial organics chemicals
industry accounted for 68.8% (6.90 billion pounds)
of the sector's production-related waste (see Table
6-9).
For multiple-codes reporting, the largest quantities
of chemicals in production-related waste were
managed by on-site recycling, 1.78 billion pounds.
On-site treatment followed with 1.63 billion
pounds. These two categories of multiple-code
reporting accounted for one third (34.0%) of all
production-related waste reported by the chemical
manufacturing sector. Distribution of production-
related waste for the top industries in the sector
appears in Figure 6-9.
Note: Data from Section 8 of Fotm R.
• Quantity Released
8 Treated Off-site
• Energy Recovery Off-site
D Recycled Off-site
• Treated On-site
H Energy Recovery On-site
B Recycled On-site
0%
Mult. 2869 2821 2874 2819 2879 2824 2873 2865 2834
Figure 6-9. Distribution of Production-related Waste, 1996:
Chemical Manufacturing (SIC Code 28)
Notes Data from Section 8 of Form R. Forms with more than one 4-cIigit SIC code within SIC Code 28 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
228
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Chapter 6 — TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
Table 6-10. Current Year and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, 1996-1998: Chemical Manufacturing,
SIC Code 28
Current Year 1996
Waste Management Activity
On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
for SIC Code 28
Waste Management Activity
On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
for SIC Code 28
Total
Pounds
3,731,246,814
1,348,429,666
3,254,527,247
260,867,150
380,355,520
264,373,689
792,589,941
10,032,390,027
Percent
of Total
372
13.4
32.4
26
3.8
2.6
7.9
100.0
Projected Change
1996-1997
Percent
82
56
10
-55
-10.7
-48
-3.4
32
Projected 1997
Total Percent
Pounds of Total
4,037,270,795 39 0
1,424,116,977 13 8
3,288,538,187 31 8
246,415,014 24
339,566,297 3.3
251,579,501 24
765,539,089 74
10,353,025,860 100 0
Projected Change
1997-1998
Percent
50
-22
6.6
53
-0.7
0.1
-5.4
35
Projected 1998
Total
Pounds
4,239,492,141
1,393,016,262
3,506,074,427
259,445,976
337,139,694
251,783,800
724,066,248
10,711,018,548
Percent
of Total
396
130
327
2.4
3.1
2.4
68
1000
' • Projected Change
1996-1998
Percent
136
33
77
-05
-11.4
-4.8
-86
68
Note Current year and projected year amounts are all taken from Section 8 of Form R for 1996
Projected Quantities of TRI
Chemicals in Waste
Projections by the chemical manufacturing sector
show that on-site recycling is expected to increase
by 13.6% through 1998 and on-site treatment by
7.7%. Off-site energy recovery is projected to
decrease by 11.4% over that period and quantities
released on- and off-site to decrease by 8.6%. Less
than 5% change is expected in on-site energy
recovery (3.3% increase) and off-site treatment
(4.8% decrease). Current year and projected waste
management data for chemical manufacturing are
given in Table 6-10 and percentage changes are
229
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Chapter 6 — TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
15.0
10.0 .
-5.0
-10.0
On-site Waste
Management
Off-site Waste
Management
Quantity Released
On- and Off-site
Total Production-
related Waste
Figure 6-10. Projected Percentage Changes in Quantities of TRI
Chemicals in Waste, 1996-1998: Chemical Manufacturing (SIC Code 28)
Note: Current year and projected year amounts are all taken fiom Section 8 of Form R for 1996
illustrated in Figure 6-10. (As explained in Chapter
2, facilities not only report current data but project
waste management quantities for the next two years
in their TRI submissions.)
The projections indicate that quantities released
would decrease from 7.9% of all production-related
waste in 1996 to 6.8% in 1998, and on-site
recycling would increase from 37.2% of the
sector's production-related waste to 39.6%, as
shown in Table 6-10. This points to possible
improvement in managing TRI chemicals in waste,
by moving up the waste management hierarchy. In
that hierarchy, as explained in Chapter 2, recycling
is the preferred management option for waste that is
not prevented or cannot be prevented in the first
place.
Source Reduction Activity
Of the 21,098 forms reporting chemical
manufacturing SIC codes, 3,940 (18.7%) forms
indicated at least one source reduction activity
implemented in 1996, as shown in Table 6-11. The
largest number, 1,094, came from multiple-codes
reporting, followed by 890 from manufacture of
paints and varnishes (SIC code 2851). These were
16.7% of the forms reporting multiple SIC codes
within SIC code 28 and 29.9% of the forms for
paints and allied products. Activities to reduce
volatile organic chemicals in paint manufacture and
in paint products are likely to account for the high
standing of the paint industry in this regard.
Improvements in operating practices and
modifications in process were the highest
categories in the sector, among multiple-codes
forms, and for paints and allied products.
230
-------
Chapter 6 — TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
Table 6-11. Number of Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity, 1996: Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28
Category of Source Reduction Activity
SIC
Code
2812
2813
2816
2819
2821
2822
2823
2824
2833
2834
2835
2836
284!
2842
2843
2844
2851
2861
2865
2869
2873
2874
2875
2879
2891
2892
2893
2895
2899
Industry
Alkalies & CHonne
Industrial Oases
Inorganic Pigments
Industrial Inorganic Chemicals, nee*
Plastics Materials & Resins
Synthetic Rubber
Cellulosic Manmade Fibers
Organic Fibers, Noncellulosic
Medicmals & Botanicals
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Diagnostic Substances
Biological Products Exc Diagnostic
Soap &, Other Detergents
Polishes & Sanitation Goods
Surface Active Agents
Toilet Preparations
Paints & Allied Products
Gum & Wood Chemicals
Cyclic Crudes & Intermediates
Industrial Organic Chemicals, nee*
Nitrogenous Fertilizers
Phosphane Fertilizers
Fertilizers, Mixing Only
Agricultural Chemicals, nee*
Adhesives &, Sealants
Explosives
Printing Ink
Carbon Black
Chemical Preparations, nee*
Multiple within SIC 28
Invalid SIC Coda within SIC 28
Total for SIC Code 28
Forms Reporting Source Raw Surface
Reduction Activities Good Spill Material Process Cleaning Preparation Product
Total Percent of Operating Inventory and Leak Modifi- Modifi- and and Modifi-
Forms All Forms Practices Control Prevention cations cations Degreasing Finishing cations
Number
63
122
176
828
1,813
123
12
34
180
. 340
24
13
231
423
259
68
2,974
41
667
2,601
234
105
213
759
615
79
254
79
1,186
6,542
40
21,098
Number
14
27
36
135
394
37
4
5
34
58
6
2
28
76
42
12
890
2
97
365
37
18
12
90
141
23
59
17
180
1,094
5
3,940
Percent Number
222
221
205
163
217
301
333
147
189
171
250
154
121
180
162 "
17.6
29.9
49
145
140
158
17.1
56
119
229
291
232
215
152
167
125
187
0
8
22
56
173
11
1
0
14
32
4
1
20
40
19
3
448
1
35
157
13
11
1
66
46
13
14
12
90
460
3
1,774
Number
1
1
3
7
43
0
0
0
1
2
3
0
3
11 -
6
2
192
0
1
15
0
0
3
6
36
0
28
4
30
72
0
470
Number Number Number
7
6
9
48
107
25
1
1
9
11
0
0
12
26
13
2
162
2
44
" 166
16
6
6
24
39
10
6
0
37
447
1
1,243
2
1
7
4
50
0
0
3
5
9
0
0
2
16
6
3
191
0
4
20
5
1
0
1
29
1
24
5
25
93
0
507
4
12
12
68
180
11
2
1
15
30
2
1
14
18
16
5
325
0
, 50
121
14
6
0
28
38
4
13
4
66
449
3
1,512
Number
0
3
0
2
g
0
0
0
3 •
3
0
0
2
10
0
0
86
0
0
12
0
0
0
6
11
0
5
0
14
30
0
195
Number Number
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
11
0
1
2
1
13
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
17
4
1
209
0
2
8
0
1
2
5
21
0
16
0
16
42
0
364
Note: Forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 28 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*nec: not elsewhere classified
Year-to-Year
Comparisons for
Chemical Manufacturing
1995-1996 TRl Data for Chemical
Manufacturing
On- and Off-site Releases
From 1995 to 1996, on- and off-site releases
reported by the chemical manufacturing sector
decreased from 844.2 million pounds to 785.2
million pounds, a reduction of 59.1 million pounds
or 7.0%. The largest reduction, in both pounds and
percent, occurred in reported underground injection,
which decreased 34.5 million pounds, or 14.7%.
Reported air emissions were reduced by 29,5
million pounds, or 7.0%; both fugitive and point
source air emissions decreased. Increases were
reported in surface water discharges (2.2 million
pounds, a 2.5% increase), on-site land releases (1.5
million pounds, or 2.2%), and off-site releases
(transfers to disposal; 1.2 million pounds or 4.0%).
Table 6-12 presents 1995 and 1996 reporting by the
chemical manufacturing sector, and Figure 6-11
illustrates the changes by release type.
Also indicated on Table 6-12 is a 2.5% decrease
from 1995 to 1996 in the number of forms
submitted by this industry. At the same time. Form
A certification statements from chemical
manufacturing increased 11.4%. (The Form A
certification statement is explained in Chapter 1.)
This may reflect more widespread awareness of the
231
-------
Chapter 6 — TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
Table 6-12. Comparison of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, Other On-site Waste Management, and Transfers Off-site
for Further Waste Management, 1995-1996: Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28
Total Facilities
Total Forms
FormRs
Form As
Pn-fite Releases
Total Air Emissions
Fugitive Air
Point Source Air
Surface Water Discharges
Underground Injection
On-sitc Land Releases
Total On-site Releases
Off-dte Releases
Transfers Off-site to Disposal
Total On- and Off-site Releases
Other On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Total Other On-site Waste Management
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management
Transfers to Recycling
Transfers to Energy Recovery
Transfers to Treatment
Transfers to POTWs
Other Off-site Transfers
Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management
1995
Number
3,905
21,644
19,122
2,522
Pounds
421,919,788
98,579,277
323,340,511
88,184,358
235,053,481
69,423,353
814,580,980
29,651,233
844,232,213
3,324,704,960
1,277,579,401
3,829,359,360
8,431,643,721
236,051,192
410,316,527
158,936,820
114,761,842
117,929
920,184,310
1996
Number
3,855
21,098
18,288
2,810
Pounds
392,434,100
93,363,107
299,070,993
90,420,803
200,514,894
70,966,303
754,336,100
30,842,063
785,178,163
3,731,246,814
1,348,429,666
3,254,527,247
8,334,203,727
256,639,247
378,369,918
154,280,145
109,463,055
104,516
898,856,881
Change
1995 to 1996
Percent
-1.3
-2,5
-4.4
11.4
Percent
-70
-5.3
-7.5
2.5
-147
2.2
-7.4
4.0
-7.0
122
5.5
-15.0
-1.2
8.7
-7.8
-2.9
-4,6
-11.4
-2.3
Note Oil-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R. Other On-site Waste
Management from Section 8 of Form R. Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R
Breakdown of Underground Injection and On-site Land Releases not required in 1995 Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste
management code.
232
-------
Chapters— TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
c
CD
I
a.
-20
Mr Surface Water Underground On-siteLand
Injection Releases
Transfers
Off-site
to Disposal
Figure 6-11. Percentage Change in On-site and Off-site Releases,
1995-1996: Chemical Manufacturing (SIC Code 28)
Note: On-site Releases ftom Section 5 of Form R and Off-stte Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R. Breakdown of On-Site
Land Releases and Underpound Injectionnot required in 1995.
Form A certification statement in its second year of
availability.
Other On-site Waste Management
Chemical manufacturing reporting of on-site waste
management also appears in Table 6-12. In 1995,
on-site waste management in this sector totaled
8.43 billion pounds, and in 1996, 8.33 billion
pounds. This constituted a 1.2% decrease. Much
greater change occurred, however, within the three
waste management methods—a 12.2% increase in
on-site recycling, from 3.32 billion pounds to 3.73
billion pounds; a 5.5% increase in on-site energy
recovery, from 1.28 billion pounds to 1.35 billion
pounds; and, offsetting these, a 15.0% decrease in
on-site waste treatment, from 3.83 billion pounds to
3.25 billion pounds.
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management
Transfers off-site for further waste management
decreased 21.3 million pounds (2.3%), from 920.2
million pounds to 898.9 million pounds. Off-site
recycling was the only waste management option
with an increase, which was 20.6 million pounds
more in 1996 than in 1995, an 8.7% increase. Off-
site energy recovery had the largest decrease, 31.9
million pounds (7.8% decrease). Transfers to
treatment decreased by 4.7 million pounds and
transfers to POTWs by 5.3 million pounds (2.9%
and 4.6%, respectively). Table 6-12 provides these
off-site transfer data for the two-year period.
1988-1996 TRI Data for Chemical
Manufacturing
As explained in Chapter 3, comparisons from the
1988 TRI baseline year to the current year rely on
233
-------
Chapter 6 — TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
the list of "core" TRI chemicals that were
reportable, with the same reporting definition., in all
years. These multi-year comparisons also review
only the data elements that were collected in all
years, which excludes from this section any
analysis that distinguishes RCRA subtitle C
landfills from other land releases as well as analysis
based on the types of underground injection wells.
On-site waste management data and transfers off-
site to recycling and to energy recovery have been
collected only since 1991; these data are included,
but cannot be compared across the foil 1988-1996
period.
The number of forms submitted with chemical
industry SIC codes has remained relatively stable
since 1988, decreasing just 0.4% through 1996. Use
of the Form A certification statement, however, is
evident in the 13.5% decrease in Form Rs since
1988. Table 6-13 summarizes 1988-1996 reporting
for the chemical manufacturing sector, illustrated in
Figure 6-12.
Since 1988, on- and off-site releases reported in this
sector have decreased by half (51.0%), from 1.05
billion pounds to 513.0 million pounds. This was a
reduction of 534.7 million pounds. Much of this
reduction occurred in air emissions, which
decreased 315.9 million pounds or 54.0%. The
largest percentage reduction occurred in surface
water discharges—77.0%, or 108.0 million pounds.
Underground injection decreased by 43.1 million
pounds (27.1%), on-site land releases by 27.6
million pounds (28.6%), and off-site releases
(transfers to disposal) by 40.1 million pounds
(60.3%).
On-site waste management data were not collected
in TRI before 1991. Table 6-13 presents these data
for recent years. Since 1994, other on-site waste
management has shown a slight increase., 0.3%, in
the chemical manufacturing sector, an increase of
18.0 million pounds. Much larger change has
occurred in the three waste management methods
within this category: On-site recycling decreased by
164.4 million pounds from 1994 to 1996, a
reduction of 5.2%. On-site treatment also
decreased, by 99.6 million pounds, or 4.0%. On-site
energy recovery, however, increased by 282.0
million pounds, a 30.0% increase.
Off-site transfers to treatment and to POTWs
decreased by 26.1% (45.1 million) and 49.8% (65.5
million), respectively, from 1988 to 1996. Data for
off-site transfers to recycling and energy recovery
also were not collected until 1991; for the recent
years shown in Table 6-13, these amounts
fluctuated.
Production in the chemical manufacturing sector
increased through most of this period; employment
has fluctuated, but has remained above 1988 levels
in all years but one (1994). TRI facilities report
absolute amounts of waste managed and of
environmental releases, not those adjusted for
changes in production levels. As production in the
chemical manufacturing sector has increased,
however, all types of releases have decreased (see
Table 6-13). Overall, the sector's releases have
decreased by half since TRI's baseline year.
Changes in SIC Codes
As indicated in facility descriptions below, some
facilities report different SIC codes over time. This
may reflect new or discontinued lines of
production, or it may represent a different
understanding of how SIC code designations relate
to a facility's business activities. These changes can
contribute—sometimes largely—to apparent
increases or decreases across comparison years in
the amounts reported by the four-digit, or even two-
digit, SIC codes.
1988-1996 Data for Four-Digit
Industries in Chemical Manufacturing
Tables 6-14 through 6-16 present data by four-digit
SIC codes in chemical manufacturing (SIC code
28) for on- and off-site releases, other on-site waste
management, and transfers off-site for further waste
management.
234
-------
Chapter 6 — TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
Table 6-13. Comparison of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, Other On-site Waste Management, and Transfers Off-site
for Further Waste Management, 1988 and 1994-1996: Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28
Total Facilities
Total Forms
FormRs
Form As
On-site Releases
Total Air Emissions
Fugitive Air
Point Source Air
Surface Water Discharges
Underground Injection
On-site Land Releases
Total On-site Land Releases
Off-site Releases
Transfers Off-site to Disposal
Total On- and Off-site Releases
Other On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Total Other On-site Waste Management
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Manasement
Transfers to Recycling
Transfers to Energy Recovery
Transfers to Treatment
Transfers to POTWs
Other Off-site Transfers
Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management
1988
Number
3,673
17,048
17,048
NA
Pounds
584,784,741
159,041,536
425,743,205
140,266,541
159,374,099
96,789,189
981,214,570
66,567,653
1,047,782,223
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
172,345,850
131,623,520
16,517,434
NA
1994
Number
3,704
17,717
17,717
NA
Pounds
301,408,689
87,247,201
214,161,488
26,512,984
112,392,443
71,848,513
512,162,629
25,320,056
537,482,685
3,162,659,917
941,022,092
2,475,723,968
6,579,405,977
243,979,329
352,005,525
130,367,058
78,172,560
426,569
804,951,041
1995
Number
3,643
17,335
15,369
1,966
Pounds
288,356,923
76,063,740
212,293,183
24,573,671
136,571,844
66,421,814
515,924,252
23,676,003
539,600,255
2,745,605,831
1,161,480,350
2,647,593,460
6,554,679,641
219,963,159
385,420,395
141,685,154
74,572,446
117,679
821,758,833
1996
Number
3,619
16,977
14,742
2,235
Pounds
268,929,786
71,956,588
196,973,198
32,250,242
116,260,191
69,148,399
486,588,618
26,454,493
513,043,111
2,998,270,797
1,222,975,556
2,376,129,409
6,597,375,762
238369,136
351,356,029
127,282,487
66,139,592
12,748
783,159,992
Change
1988
to 1996
Percent
-1.5
-0.4
-13.5
NA
Percent
-54.0
-54.8
-53.7
-77.0
-27.1
-28.6
-50.4
-60.3
-51.0
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
-261
-49.8
-99.9
NA
Note Does not include (Misted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990,1991,1994,and 1995, and aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulftmc acid On-
Section 8 of Form R Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Breakdown of
Underground Injection and Oa-site Land Releases not required before 1996. For 1994-1996, Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste
management code. For 1988, Other Off-site Transfers are ttansfera reported without a valid waste management code or codes not required to be reported in 1988
NA- not required to be reported in that year.
235
-------
Chapter 6 — TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
Air
Surface Water
Underground
Injection
On-site Land
Releases
Transfers
Off-site
to Disposal
Figure 6-12. Percentage Change in On-site and Off-site Releases, 1988-
1996: Chemical Manufacturing (SIC Code 28)
Note: Docs not include dclistcd chemicals, chemicals added in 1990,1991,1994, and 1995, and aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfiiric acid. On-
*Hc Releases from Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R. Breakdown of On-site Land Releases and
Underground Injection not required before 1996.
On- and Off-site Releases
Forms with multiple SIC codes in SIC code 28
reported a net decrease of 293.2 million pounds in
on- and off-site releases from 1988 to 1996, a
56.2% reduction (see Table 6-14). Decreases in on-
site release media for this group ranged from a
35.5% reduction in land releases to a 79.0%
decrease in surface water discharges. Off-site
releases (transfers to disposal) for multiple codes in
SIC code 28 decreased 75.5%.
The second largest reduction hi on-and off-site
releases was reported in miscellaneous industrial
organic chemical production (SIC code 2869), a
decrease of 66.1 million pounds, or 41.2%. Most of
this reduction appeared in air emissions, which
were 50.7 million pounds less in 1996 than in 1988
(decrease of 57.2%).
The industry with the greatest increase in on- and
off-site releases from 1988 to 1996 was gum and
wood chemical production (SIC code 2861), which
had relatively little reporting in 1988. This
industrial organic category increased by 8.5 million
pounds, and most of the increase occurred in
reporting of air emissions.
Table 6-14 summarizes release data for 1988 and
1994-1996 for all four-digit SIC codes in chemical
manufacturing.
Other On-site Waste Management
In other on-site waste management, an agricultural
chemical industry reported the largest decrease
since 1994 (these data were not collected in 1988).
This was production of phosphatic fertilizers (SIC
code 2874), with a reduction of 139.6 million
pounds, or 33.7%. In this industry, on-site treatment
decreased 259.9 million pounds for 1994-1996,
236
-------
Chapter 6 — TKI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
St.:
Table 6-14. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Chemical Manufacturing,
SIC Code 28
On-site Releases
SIC
Code
2812
2813
2816
2819
2821
2822
2823
2824
2833
2834
2835
2836
Industry
Alkalies & Chlorine
Industrial Gases
Inorganic Pigments
Industrial Inorganic Chemicals, nee*
Plastics Materials & Resins
Synthetic Rubber
Cellulosic Manmade Fibers
Organic Fibers, Nonoellulosic
Medicmals & Botanicals
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Diagnostic Substances
Biological Products Exc. Diagnostic
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
349,893
209,077
359,777
857,579
355,151
352,392
162,895
728,866
8,733,593
8,703,214
9,223,873
21,899,938
4,276,137
4,951,230
5,627,638
16,788,211
24,127,141
24,010,059
24,490,800
45,267,692
5,622,330
5,131,941
6,968,680
14,864,643
20,322,125
25,972,265
24,432,265
40,431,047
- 446,886
898,444
779,355
3,151,229
1,290,867
1,144,006
2,020,032
8,633,996
4,737,110
6,687,408
7,964,088
20,315,322
16,728
45,261
16,253
69,542
11,458
8,653
5,174
10,150
Surface
Water Underground
Discharges Injection
Pounds Pounds
184
18,984
245
8,636
4,976
2,086
2,101
6,437
384,030
161,591
112,174
25,993
240,331
24,461
121,115
295,253
585,634
595,425
623,654
1,226,439
5,098
4,935
46,643
21,618
47,400
51,800
48,150
71,339
69
14,735
16,000
88,176
42,426
24,668
38,138
4,838,145
158,403
132,049
414,194
56,524
0
0
0
4,749
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3,563
0
0
500
6,500,000
0
0
0
31,618
0
0
0
86,000
222,400
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
24,341
14,760
72,005
25,455
0
0
0
0
5,383,115
8,405,770
6,746,235
3,643,650
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
159,564
5,780
142
9,702
2,689
0
0
0
3,255,125
3,806,845
2,580,000
3,602,527
23,393,206
21,436,265
20,606,295
17,325,871
25,687
196,778
24,044
72,537
22,039
14,026
27,770
28,867
644,435
265
0
3,576,750
0
750
750
750
200
346
160
102,654
14,477
20
20
11,960
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
509,641
233,841
360,164
875,917
362,816
354,478
164,996
738,866
12,372,748
12,671,650
11,916,547
32,028,458
27,909,674
26,411,956
26,355,048
34,440,953
24,738,462
24,802,262
25,138,498
46,652,668
5,871,867
5,150,902
7,043,093
14,915,128
21,013,960
26,024,330
24,480,415
44,079,136
471,296
928,689
868,110
3,265,610
1,333,493
1,169,020
2,058,330
13,574,795
10,293,105
15,225,247
15,124,537
24,027,456
16,728
45,261
16,253
74,291
11,458
8,653
5,174
10,150
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
8,793
188
389
40,735
0
29,470
21,100
28,701
4,441,778
2,437,262
2,209,274
4,491,486
2,928,517
3,487,878
3,255,091
11,050,974
741,364
1,219,756
1,017,120
2,205,805
121,169
168,397
142,123
713,212
0
830,000
1,407,400
56,000
41,640
86,554
20,154
164,195
27,365
38,493
36,030
1,229,709
155,785
100,519
347,938
1,912,858
1,100
0
0
0
0
750
0
750
Total On-
and Off-site
Releases
Pounds
518,434
234,029
360,553
916,652
362,816
383,948
186,096
767,567
16,814,526
15,108,912
14,125,821
36,519,944
30,838,191
29,899,834
29,610,139
45,491,927
25,479,826
26,022,018
26,155,618
48,858,473
5,993,036
5,319,299
7,185,216
15,628,340
21,013,960
26,854,330
25,887,815
44,135,136
512,936
1,015,243
888,264
3,429,805
1,360,858
1,207,513
2,094,360
14,804,504
10,448,890
15,325,766
15,472,475
25,940,314
17,828
45,261
16,253
74,291
11,458
9,403
5,174
10,900
Note. On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Fonns with more than one-4-digit
SIC code within SIC code 28 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
*nec; not elsewhere classified.
237
-------
Chapter 6 — TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
Table 6*14. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Chemical Manufacturing, SIC
Code 28, Continued
On-site Releases
SIC
Code
2841
2842
2843
2344
285 1
2861
2S65
2869
2873
2874
2875
2879
Industry
Soap & Other Detergents
Polishes & Sanitation Goods
Surface Active Agents
Toilet Preparations
P*ints & Allied Products
Gurn & Wood Chemicals
Cyclic Crudes & Intermediates
Industrial Organic Chemicals, nee*
Nitrogenous Fertilizers
Pbosphalic Fertilizers
Fertilizers, Mixing Only
Agricultural Chemicals, nee*
Yew
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
36,863
352,104
215,685
377,176
223,850
196,491
226,378
753,382
400,831
979,054
981,722
1,842,271
50,387
41,170
28,685
106,841
8,282,377
8,736,423
9,867,259
20,322,888
8,904,577
7,519,835
7,522,855
349,380
4,804,610
4,162,154
4,967,713
10,683,698
37,979,817
36,794,081
41.701,804
88,675,121
3,191,124
3,096,652
2,844,898
10,646,761
126,079
152,050
91,868
99,235
25,294
33,050
35,814
30,249
1,223,687
1,174,838
1,321,040
2,830,376
Surface
Water Underground
Discharges Injection
Pounds Pounds
0
250
0
500
515
750
1,277
1,000
7
17
178
59,763
90
250
250
293
2,542
337
3,828
425,062
751
750
1,005
3,500
54,237
175,688
224,092
122,517
275,680
360,930
443,340
1,214,359
118,464
175,847
258,550
558,096
2,947,246
17,926
1,166,821
843,836
3,000
3,365
2,510
2,750
12,276
1 1,843
8,113
61,412
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
21,312
19,539
15,348
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
750
0
0
0
0
2,644,000
3,045,300
4,466,154
66,557
48,825,414
52,147,291
39,000,641
64,050,959
725
6,848
1,637
383
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
510,696
470,876
556,363
708,023
Releases
to Land
Pounds
4,068
5
10
3,264
1,260
500
1,003
1,000
290
31
33,996
500
4,750
1,300
875
250
29,064
18,693
14,633
22,836
0
0
0
1,850
68,177
73,358
191,861
103,684
508,435
564,642
736,179
837,095
13,826
11,419
134,296
156,668
16,865,765
17,673,379
23,321,961
33,710,082
2,158
3,250
3,000
111,137
13,326
3,125
2,937
6,374
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
40,931
352,359
215,695
380,940
225,625
197,741
228,658
755,382
422,440
998,641
1,031,244
1,902,534
55,227
42,720
29,810
107,384
8,313,983
8,755,453
9,885,720
20,771,536
8,905,328
7,520,585
7,523,860
354,730
7,571,024
7,456,500
9,849,820
10,976,456
87,589,346
89,866,944
81,881,964
154,777,534
3,324,139
3,290,766
3,239,381
11,361,908
19,939,090
17,843,355
24,580,650
34,653,153
30,452
39,665
41,324
144,136
1,759,985
1,660,682
1,888,453
3,606,185
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
3,074
186,548
161,112
247,864
13,165
17,677
16,801
157,687
5,681
9,513
19,730
127,390
62,239
50,478
30,700
40,114
595,936
672,563
678,799
4,867,860
500
0
0
2,600
1,103,358
1,131,449
1,030,857
866,192
6,940,586
4,988,362
3,869,933
5,900,926
334,206
214,991
55,819
9,000
1,010
1,010
515
88,769
2,000
8,066
6,538
16,422
176,286
123,289
366,341
2,153,370
Total On-
arid Off-site
Releases
Pounds
44,005
538,907
376,807
628,804
238,790
215,418
245,459
913,069
428,121
1,008,154
1,050,974
2,029,924
117,466
93,198
60,510
147,498
8,909,919
9,428,016
10,564,519
25,639,396
8,905,828
7,520,585
7,523,860
357,330
8,674,382
8,587,949
10,880,677
11,842,648
94,529,932
94,855,306
85,751,897
160,678,460
3,658,345
3,505,757
3,295,200
11,370,908
19,940,100
17,844,365
24,581,165
34,741,922
32,452
47,731
47,862
160,558
1,936,271
1,783,971
2,254,794
5,759,555
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Forms with more than one-4-digrt
SIC code within SIC code 28 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*nc« not elsewhere classified.
238
-------
Chapter 6 — TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
Table 6-14. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases by 4-digit SIC Code, 1088 and 1994-1996: Chemical Manufacturing, SIC
Code 28, Continued
On-site Releases
SIC
Code Industry
2891 Adhesives & Sealants
2892 Explosives
2893 Printing Ink
2895 Carbon Black
2899 Chemical Preparations, nee*
Multiple within SIC Code 28
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 28
Total for SIC Code 28
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Tote! Air
Emissions
Pounds
1,844,806
2,061,388
2,034,770
2,979,592
182,587
82,441
125,577
334,923
600,939
848,114
940,786
1,478,224
16,852,992
17,814,340
20,084,024
13,445,853
1,769,488
2,087,379
2,001,227
3,040,466
112,088,232
124,008,313
124,278,507
247,972,949
51,827
103,096
87,247
5,797,141
268,929,786
288,356,923
301,408,689
584,784,741
Surface
Water Underground
Discharges Injection
Pounds Pounds
2
1,155
785
5,000
25,788
18,015
16,606
45,663
I
8
121
1,073
760
760
760
3,000
8,864
1,800
8,979
9,557
27,331,468
22,773,231
22,953,335
130,163,280
0
15
20
" 102,571
32,250,242
24,573,671
26,512,984
140,266,541
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
"o
0
0
0
0
0
2,308
0
0
140,996
58,625,880
72,461,460
61,533,560
80,334,325
0
0
0
3,781,820
116,260,191
136,571,844
112,392,443
159,374,099
Releases
to Land
Pounds
10,086
550
550
16,134
500
750
601
97,899
500
253
250
540
0
0
0
0
318,298
2,008
86,945
65,295
23,790,470
22,607,476
24,080,235
36,912,791
4
0
0
10,172
69,148,399
66,421,814
71,848,513
96,789,189
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
1,854,894
2,063,093
2,036,105
3,000,726
208,875
101,206
142,784
478,485
601,440
848,375
941,157
1,479,837
16,853,752
17,815,100
20,084,784
13,448,853
2,098,958
2,091,187
2,097,151
3,256,314
221,836,050
241,850,480
232,845,637
495,383,345
51,831
103,111
87,267
9,691,704
486,588,618
515,924,252
512,162,629
981,214,570
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
81,180
93,933
347,171
307,893
250
5,052
3,413
736
1,249
26,486
31,564
549,106
755
755
1,510
0
2,265,053
895,828
1,029,219
1,156,953
6,400,453
6,848,481
9,073,022
26,078,225
1
2,255
140,393
2,102,121
26,454,493
23,676,003
25,320,056
66,567,653
Total On-
and Off-site
Releases
Pounds
1,936,074
2,157,026
2,383,276
3,308,619
209,125
106,258
146,19?
479,221
602,689
874,861
972,721
2,028,943
16,854,507
17,815,855
20,086,294
13,448,853
4,364,011
2,987,015
3,126,370
4,413,2«7
228,236,503
248,698,961
241,918,659
521,461,570
51,832
105,366
227,660
11,793,825
513,043,111
539,600,255
537,482,685
1,047,782,223
Note- On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R. Forms with more than one-4-digit
SIC code within SIC code 28 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
*nees not elsewhere classified
partly offset by a 120.2 million pound increase in
on-site recycling. (See Table 6-15.) Plastics
materials and resins (SIC code 2821) had the
second-largest decrease, 137.9 million pounds or
18.8%. On-site recycling of 144.4 million pounds
less in 1996 than in 1994 accounted for this
reduction. No other industry reduced its other on-
site waste management by more than 100 million
pounds from 1994 to 1996.
Miscellaneous industrial organics (SIC code 2869)
reported the largest increase in on-site waste
management from 1994 to 1996,255.7 million
pounds, or 21.0%, followed by multiple codes with
96.7 million pounds, or 3.1%. (These were the
groups ranking second and first, respectively, for
decreases in on and off-site releases since 1988.)
For miscellaneous industrial organics (SIC code
2869), all on-site waste management methods
increased (34.5 million pounds recycled, 184.4
million pounds burned for energy recovery, and
-------
Chapter 6 — TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
Table 6-15. TRI Other On-site Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Chemical Manufacturing,
SIC Code 28
SIC
Code
2812
2813
2816
2819
2821
2822
2823
2824
2833
2834
2835
Industry
Alkalies & Chlorine
Industrial Gases
Inorganic Pigments
Industrial Inorganic Chemicals, nee*
Plastics Materials & Resins
Synthetic Rubber
Cellulosic Manmade Fibers
Organic Fibers, Noncellulosic
Mcdicinals & Botanicals
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Diagnostic Substances
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
517,179
866,310
1,929,134
NA
90,142
160,618
115,669
NA
8,835,185
52,421^29
106,211
NA
88,585,575
89,751,430
90,598,190
NA
285,437,883
268,141,314
429,839,410
NA
41,133,955
41,577,648
38,276,477
NA
6,820,000
9,980,000
7,900,000
NA
5,824,384
34,545,304
22,403,675
NA
12,855,822
5,632,383
«,032,477
NA
20,335,443
18,423,181
14,916,317
NA
0
0
454
NA
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
11,623,000
3,757,000
10,939,000
NA
96,161,214
78,784,152
82,144,669
NA
9,077,700
624,140
516,240
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
474,140
231,040
NA
2,122,300
2,242,900
1,490,000
NA
1,248,818
1,527,141
1,602,778
NA
0
0
0
NA
Treated
On-site
Pounds
9,221,223
9,239,585
7,661,577
NA
848,924
563,229
688,908
NA
39,040,454
39,245,139
34,927,376
NA
46,038,317
78,708,610
72,447,775
NA
213,217,148
211,380,712
220,695,428
NA
15,158,012
7,441,637
4,800,983
NA
200,000
450,000
200,000
NA
219,291,544
252,319,809
284,596,399
NA
7,687,640
6,208,128
5,475,453
NA
8,805,574
12,690,793
15,223,405
NA
122,000
91,090
51,500
NA
Total Other
On-site Waste
Management
Pounds
9,738,402
10,105,895
9,590,711
NA
939,066
723,847
804,577
NA
47,875,639
91,666,468
35,033,587
NA
146,246,892
172,217,040
173,984,965
NA
594,816,245
558,306,178
732,679,507
NA
65369,667
49,643,425
43,593,700
NA
7,020,000
10,430,000
8,100,000
NA
225,115,928
287,339,253
307,231,114
NA
22,665,762
14,083,411
12,997,930
NA
30389,835
32,641,115
31,742,500
NA
122,000
91,090
51,954
NA
Note Oil* from Section 8 of Form R. Ponns with more than
-------
Chapter S — TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
Table 6-15. TRI Other On-site Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Chemical Manufacturing, SIC
Code 28, Continued
SIC
Code
2836
2841
2842
2843
2844
2851
2861
2865
2869
2873
2874
Industry
Biological Products Bxo. Diagnostic
Soap & Other Detergents
Polishes & Sanitation Goods
Surface Active Agents
Toilet Preparations
Paints & Allied Products
Gum & Wood Chemicals
Cyclic Crudes & Intermediates
Industrial Organic Chemicals, nee*
Nitrogenous Fertilizers
Phosphate Fertilizers
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
24,464
26,371
0
NA
19,611
24,801
30,641
NA
47,439
49,783
145,860
NA
639,549
618,838
673,251
NA
100
5,341
5,104
NA
36,470,885
38,800,995
38,037,709
NA
0
0
23,000
NA
43,447,651
43,658,776
47,903,702
NA
429,710,927
375,107,848
395,206,881
NA
867,416
496,264
692,794
NA
270,473,032
164,801,788
150,232,388
NA
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
114,045
102,481
79,619
NA
9,900
13,500
13,500
NA
11,232,987
11,919,756
22,630,002
NA
537,624,985
497,899,802
353,184,000
NA
564,598
608,174
608,273
NA
0
0
0
NA
Treated
On-site
Pounds
148,634
200,909
231,568
NA
193,499
325,163
361,580
NA
555,871
1,047,533
356,911
NA
292,963
384,863
443,719
NA
1,000
91
92,633
NA
8,554,884
7,759,189
5,915,323
NA
3,631,369
51,023
228,925
NA
34,054,085
25,053,974
27,221,973
NA
506,812,851
494,409,694
470,049,097
NA
1,135,923
1,152,971
1,120,706
NA
4,282,753
228,668,000
264,154,500
NA
Total Other
On-site Waste
Management
Pounds
173,098
227,280
231,568
NA
213,110
349,964
392,221
NA
603,310
1,097,316
502,771
NA
932,512
1,003,701
1,116,970
NA
" 1,100
5,432
97,737
NA
45,139,814
46,662,665
44,032,651
NA
3,641,269
64,523
265,425
NA
88,734,723
80,632,506
97,755,677
NA
1,474,148,763
1,367,417344
1,218,439,978
NA
2,567,937
2,257,409
2,421,773
NA
274,755,785
393,469,788
414,386,888
NA
Note Data from Section S of Form R Forms with more than one-4-digit SIC code within SIC code 28 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
*nec: not elsewhere classified
241
-------
Chapter 6 — TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
Table 6-15. TRI Other On-site Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Chemical Manufacturing, SIC
Code 28, Continued
SIC
Code
2875
2879
2891
2892
2893
2895
2899
Industry
Fertilizers, Mixing Only
Agricultural Chemicals, nee*
Adhcs ives & Sealants
Explosives
Printing Ink
Caibon Black
Chemical Preparations, nee*
Multiple within SIC Code 28
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 28
Total for SIC Code 28
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
.Recycled
On-sitc
Pounds
15,856
24,352
24,877
NA
232,709,918
208,677,688
206,671,578
NA
6,807,371
3,593,710
4,038,024
NA
11,890,000
40380,000
22,504,730
NA
165,026
205,085
296,853
NA
0
0
0
NA
33,905,171
30,913,108
46,854,142
NA
1,460,635,513
1,314,597,803
1,637,112,600
NA
5^00
1,923,763
87,769
NA
2,998,270,797
2,745,605,831
3,162,659,917
NA
Energy
Recovery
On-slte
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
312,932
378,989
0
NA
796,479
529,784
967,107
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
7,998,571
6,289,183
3,023,543
NA
350,540
205,760
1,144,755
NA
543,737,487
556,123,448
462,447,566
NA
0
0
0
NA
1,222,975,556
1,161,480,350
941,022,092
NA
Treated
On-sitc
Pounds
100
3,806
3,084
NA
20,684,378
21,684,474
18,264,876
NA
400,559
451,242
560,283
NA
9,680,931
12,193,969
7,123,725
NA
2,346,664
1,955,363
1,768,414
NA
20,142,170
25,719,596
19,732,590
NA
2,122,426
1,950,013
1,782,515
NA
1,201,453,299
1,205,561,430
1,009,542,321
NA
4,214
681,425
421
NA
2,376,129,409
2,647,593,460
2,475,723,968
NA
Total Other
On-slte Waste
Management
Pounds
15,956
28,158
27,961
NA
253,707,228
230,741,151
224,936,454
MA
8,004,409
4,574,736
5,565,414
NA
21,570,931
52,773,969
29,628,455
NA
2,511,690
2,160,448
2,065,267
NA
28,140,741
32,008,779
22,756,133
NA
36,378,13?
33,068,881
49,781,412
NA
3,205,826,299
3,076,282,681
3,109,102,487
NA
9,514
2,605,188
88,190
NA
6,597,375,762
6,554,679,641
6,579,405,977
NA
Note: Data item Section 8 of Form R. Forms with more than one-4-digit SIC code withm SIC code 28 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
*n«s not elsewhere classified.
242
-------
Chapter 6 — TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
Table 6-16, TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996; Chemical
Manufacturing, SIC Code 28
SIC
Code
2812
2813
2816
2819
2821
2822
2823
2824
2833
2834
2835
2836
Industry
Alkalies & Chlorine
Industrial Gases
Inorganic Pigments
Industrial Inorganic Chemicals, nee*
Plastics Materials & Resins
Synthetic Rubber
Cellulosic Manmade Fibers
Organic Fibers, Noncellulosic
Mediemals & Botanicals
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Diagnostic Substances
Biological Products Exc Diagnostic
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
/ 95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
7,935
3,533
0
NA
9,260
58,137
15,000
NA
483,443
525,379
419,858
NA
5,704,944
3,311,633
3,606,542
NA
61,397,915
35,194,147
56,746,257
NA
8,362,060
7,478,112
8,144,060
NA
0
0
0
NA
4,468,347
4,899,058
14,000
NA
497,460
1,035,688
2,033,469
NA
6,915,155
9,047,881
11,596,555
NA
68,619
7,496
56,878
NA
3,980
0
13,250
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
1,588,333
0
0
NA
167,302
100,000
30,000
NA
0
611
1,118
NA
298,325
268,287
•154,379
NA
41,777,048
35,713,502
34,453,498
NA
964,314
15,283,874
1,023,619
NA
0
0
0
NA
2,063
259,379
2,932
NA
17,478,404
9,601,486
9,627,810
NA
45,646,574
45,675,723
36,739,730
NA
128,788
102,781
18,640
NA
51,247
34,560
3,850
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
28,768
12,329
13,765
44,745
115,533
224,603
21,240
107,808
75,779
219,569
286,172
384,736
7,165,638
4,031,316
4,329,959
1,912,334
7,845,595
23,067,200
10,898,145
19,260,090
2,390,609
265,044
1,977,787
857,449
0
0
0
20,460
250
825
17,642
65,629
2,266,869
4,644,196
7,164,891
10,986,850
19,180,835
13,794,672
12,083,437
3,334,700
77,788
95,609
34,800
3,766
4,298
7,334
2,450
2,600
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
250
35,401
0
32,362
0
0
277
3,332
10,696'
11,357
11,304
737,935
172,880
211,194
137,278
846,238
3,150,700
4,017,043
2,871,190
4,642,893
100,329
19,067
20,469
21,807
85
250
250
0
43,560
45,649
365
68,266
4,985,431
6,130,334
6,355,570
6,255,279
3,202,517
2,249,105
3,281,710
3,144,131
,32,263
36,165
53,274
392,764
58,126
61,990
26,187
56,291
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
395,314
250
0
0
84,619
0
130
828
473,610
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,926
11,899
590
4,888,730
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total Transfers
Off-site for
Further Waste
Management
Pounds
1,625,286
51,263
13,765
NA
292,095
382,740
66,517
NA
569,918
756,916
718,452
NA
13,342,037
7,822,430
8,228,158
NA
114,171,258
97,992,022
104,969,918
NA
11,817,312
23,046,097
11,165,935
NA
85
250
250
NA
4,514,220
5,204,911
34,939
NA
25,228,164
21,411,704
25,181,740
NA
74,947,007
70,779,280
63,702,022
NA
307,458
242,051
163,592
NA
117,651
103,884
45,737
NA
Note: Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Forms with more man one-4-digit
SIC code within SIC code 28 are assigned to the ''multiple" category.
*nec: not elsewhere classified
243
-------
Chapter 6 — TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
Table 6-16. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management by 4-digIt SIC Code, 1S88 and 1994-1996: Chemical
Manufacturing, SIC Code 28, Continued
SIC
Code
284 1
2842
2843
2844
2851
236!
2865
28®
2173
2«74
28?5
2879
Industry
So»p & Other Detergents
Polishes & Sanitation Goods
Surftee Active Agents
Toihsl Prejttmtfons
Piinlt & Allied Products'
G«m & Wood Chemicals
Cyclic Crudes & Intermediates
Industrial Organic Chemicals, nee*
Nitrogenous Fertilizers
H»$ptatfe Fmtlizew
Fertilizers, Mixing Only
Agricultural Chemteals, nee*
Year
96
9S
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
209,591
485,853
270,787
NA
1,920
11,454
15,475
NA
82,661
32,143
39,546
NA
0
0
0
NA
17,091,643
14,509,680
17,053,232
NA
6,075
0
0
NA
2,742,345
2,974,562
2,095,343
NA
17,775,153
19,924,884
18,712,650
NA
767,389
767,402
1,049,401
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
1,500
0
NA
6,612,868
4,066,210
4,000,280
NA
Transfen
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
14,511
9,681
15,845
NA
40,268
42,744
103,898
NA
762,231
725,814
465,311
MA
52,639
32,811
6,536
NA
32,322,008
38,389,824
40,380,949
NA
0
0
0
NA
6,693,958
7,639,986
8,155,867
NA
66,179,053
89,123,583
86,571,880
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
2,720,224
3,124,010
1,756,262
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
45,858
52,649
60,847
188,258
142,614
141,695
92,942
87,977
64,972
232,719
54,348
15,156
32,357
21,928
14,826
127,963
3,387,301
4,359,367
5,170,412
18,126,270
3,940
2,550
8,000
17,809
5,162,542
2,923,657
2,036,979
6,470^80
19,669,813
22,096,691
21,921,206
18,857,857
93,000
0
85,000
250
0
0
0
0
17,398
13,322
2,940
0
2,539,914
2,228,748
1,807,507
4,270,317
Transfers
toPOTWs
Pounds
171,761
2,952,744
2,580,295
332,418
85,071
74,230
110,496
171,340
917,363
882,345
972,503
2,072,073
190,222
115,732
112,594
481,239
805,374
1,193,625
1,406,271
2,526,420
22,780
39,800
16,549
60,846
10,606,440
10,276,169
12,771,984
19,612,919
16,495,683
18,547,915
17,548,683
26,178,327
32,677
21,279
26,441
1,700
30
148
180
532
255
1,005
1,005
0
79,770
74,328
24,046
287,827
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
2,622
0
0
0
205
480
0
0
500
760
7,800
2,042
4,030,249
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,470
8,919
0
423,109
784,684
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
160,000
0
760
0
86,250
Total Transfer*
Off-site for
Further Waste
Management
Pounds
441,721
3,500,932
2,927,774
NA
269,873
270,123
322,811
NA
1,827,227
1,873,021
1,531,708
NA
275,698
170,471
133,956
NA
53,607,086
58,460,296
64,012,926
NA
32,795
42,350
24,549
NA
25,205,285
23,814,374
25,060,173
NA
120,128,621
149,693,073
145,177,528
NA
893,066
788,681
1,160,842
NA
30
148
180
NA
17,653
15,827
3,945
NA
11,952,776
9,494,056
7,588,095
NA
Note: Tiansfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R, Forms with more than one-4-digtt
SIC code within SiC code 28 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
•nee: oot elsewhere classified.
244
-------
Chapters—• TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
Table 6-16. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Chemical
Manufacturing, SIC Code 28, Continued
SIC
Code
2891
2892
2893
2895
2899
Industry
Adhesives &, Sealants
Explosives
Printing Ink
Carbon Black
Chemical Prejoaratwns, nee*
Multiple wttfain SIC Code 28
Invalid SIC Code witbm SIC 28
Total for SIC Code 28
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
543,785
526,953
1,532,428
NA
840
85,302
304,497
NA
1,315,638
966,085
1,292,278
NA
0
0
0
NA
476,638
533,449
624,023
NA
102,323,472
112,817,910
114,044,900
NA
500,000
698,708
298,600
NA
238,369,136
219,963,159
243,979,329
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
3,488,474
3,900,457
4,219,576
NA
0
0
0
NA
1,021,091
738,655
702,116
NA
0
1,000
1,000
NA
1,569,505
2,917,506
3,316,665
NA
128^57,427
131,569,754
124,134,343
NA
32,242
164,367
119,701
NA
351,356,029
385,420,395
352,005,525
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
2,317,631
1,615,076
2,107,578
2,250,323
10,063
148,794
337,025
321,360
286,766
457,780
332,730
524,990
20
0
0
8,000
1,873,179
1,866,327
1,670,225
2,274,681
52,470,497
59,024,249
57,812,379
79,020,590
12,660
136,905
21,826
2,802,302
127,282,487
141,685,154
130,367,058
172,345,850
Transfers
toPOTWs
Pounds
44,939
37,951
39,063
146,166
0
0
750
314
69,374
2,764
5,762
24,146
20
20
20
0
1,278,401
438,064
409,409
3,414,917
23,580,875
27,089,789
29,383,542
58,064,209
1,720
6,983
5,093
2,046,629
66,139,592
74,572,446
78,172,560
131,623,520
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
471,547
0
0
0
14,106
0
5
0
33,785
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
26,719
413
96,830
0
5,060,175
0
0
0
1,849
12,748
1 17,679
426,569
16,517,434
Total Transfers
Off-site for
Further Waste
Management
Pounds
6,394,829
6,080,437
7,898,645
NA
10,903
234,096
642,272
NA
2,692,869
2,165,289
2,332,886
NA
40
1,020
1,020
NA
5,197,723
5,755,596
6,020,322
NA
306,732,684
330,598,532
325,375,164
NA
546.622
1,006,963
445,220
NA
783,159,992
821,758,833
804,951,041
NA
Notes Transfers Off-site &r Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R. Forms with more than one-4-digit
SIC code within SIC code 28 are assigied to the "multiple" category.
*nec: not elsewhere classified
36.8 million pounds treated). Multiple-code forms
reported a 191,9-million-pound increase in on-site
treatment and an 81.3-million-pound increase in
energy recovery., partly offset by a reduction of
176.5 million pounds in recycling, Table 6-15
supplies on-site waste management data for all
industries in SIC code 28.
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management
As shown in Table 6-16, the chemical
manufacturing industries wilh the largest reductions
since 1994 in transfers off-site for further waste
management were miscellaneous industrial
organics (SIC code 2869)—25.0 million pounds, or
17,3% decrease—and multiple codes—18.6 million
pounds, or 5.7%. (Data for some types of transfers
were not collected in 1988.) One other industry in
245
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Chapter 6 — TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
this sector reported more than 10 million pounds in
reductions for the three-year period: paints and
varnishes (SIC code 2851) had a decrease of 10,4
million pounds, or 16.3%. Pharmaceutical
preparations (SIC code 2834) reported the largest
increase from 1994 to 1996 in transfers off-site for
further waste management. This an increase of
1L2 million pounds or 17.7%. The second
increase was reported in plastics materials and
resins (SIC code 2821), 9.2 million pounds, or
8.8%.
Data on off-site transfers for all four-digit SIC
codes in chemical manufacturing appear in
Table 6-16.
Facilities with Large Increases and Decreases
In Releases, 1988-1996
Huntsman Petrochemical Corporation hi Port
Arthur, Texas (multiple SIC codes 2819,2865, and
2869), ranked first for increases in total on- and off-
site releases from 1988 to 1996, with a net increase
of 8.3 million pounds. Point source air releases of
propylene increased from 3,700 pounds in 1988 to
7.9 million pounds in 1996, and this accounted for
95,5% of the total increase at the facility for all
chemicals. The Huntsman facility, purchased from
Texaco in 1996, manufactures ethylene and
propylene to sell as chemical feedstock, A large
cooling tower containing propylene developed a
leak in mid-1995, resulting in the increase hi
emissions. The leak was repaired in 1997.
FMC Corporation in Pocatello, Idaho (SIC code
2819), had the second largest increase in releases,
4.3 million pounds. As a result of coming into
compliance with an EPA enforcement action and
modifying its methods for estimating land releases,
FMC Corporation's numbers increased
dramatically (from 203,040 pounds for on-site land
releases hi 1988 to 4.1 million pounds in 1996).
FMC Corporation now plans to modify its 1988
submission for the amount of zinc compounds
released to land to reflect an estimation technique
similar to that used in the 1996 submission. The
revised 1988 releases to land will total over 3.9
million pounds. Consequently, the increase in
releases to land between 1988 and 1996 will drop
from 3.9 million pounds to 21,000 pounds.
Monsanto Company in Luling, Louisiana (multiple
SIC codes 2865,2873,2879 in 1988 and multiple
SIC codes 2819,2834,2869,2873,2879 in 1996),
ranked third with a 4.1-million-pound increase in
releases. This was almost entirely due to an
increase in the amount of formaldehyde injected to
underground wells as a result of production
increases over this period. (Because of the changes
to the definition for reporting ammonia to TRI,
releases of the chemical are not included in the
1988-to-1996 comparison. However, during this
period, file TW data reflect a reduction in ammonia
emissions to air of 4.1 million pounds by the
facility.) The Monsanto facility dropped one SIC
code (2865) and added three others (2819,2834,
and 2869) between 1988 and 1996. Monsanto
attributes this to a change in products manufactured
at the facility.
The top two facilities for decreases in releases from
1988 to 1996 were IMC-Agrico plants. Both
manufacture phosphoric acid for use in production
of phosphate fertilizers. Large quantities of gypsum
are generated as by-product in the process. When
rainwater comes in contact with the gypsum,
stockpiled in uncovered outdoor stacks, it flushes
out residual phosphoric acid. This phosphoric acid
is reported as discharges to water. Significant
reductions in the amount of phosphoric acid
reported to TRI have resulted from reducing the
surface area of some stacks and from covering the
stacks with grass-covered clay. Additionally,
evaporation ponds built on top of inactive stacks
were lined with a synthetic material, preventing
some water from entering the stacks, A system was
also implemented to collect water from within the
stacks and recycle the phosphoric acid contained
within. IMC-Agrico Company in Uncle Sam,
Louisiana (51.0-million-pound overall reduction;
multiple SIC codes 2819 and 2874 in 1988 and SIC
code 2874 in 1996), reported a 51.2-million-pound
246
-------
reduction in the discharge of phosphoric acid to
water between 1988 and 1996. IMC-Agrico
Company in Saint James, Louisiana (37.3-milEon-
pouad overall reduction; multiple codes 2873 and
2874 in 1988 and 2819,2873, and 2874 in 1996),
reported a 37,6 million-pound reduction in
discharges to water.
Other Apparent Increases and Decreases in
Releases, 1988-1996
In the TRI database, there are other facilities with
large apparent increases decreases, which have
been identified as reporting errors or plant closures.
Because these are errors or plant closures and not
actual changes in the data, these facilities are not
discussed in detail here. These include:
Angus Chemical Company, Sterlington,
Louisiana, increase of 6.0 million pounds, EPA
error in TRI database.
Hoechst-Celanese Polyester, Wilmington, North
Carolina, decrease of 25.1 million pounds,
reporting error.
Avtex Fibers Front Royal, Inc., Front Royal,
Virginia, decrease of 37.7 million pounds,
closed in 1989.
1991-1996 Waste Management Data
for Chemical Manufacturing
Table 6-17 summarizes on- and off-site waste
management data for the chemical manufacturing
sector for 1991 and 1994-1996; these data were
first collected in 1991. Total production-related
waste increased 4.7%, from 7.59 billion pounds to
7.94 billion pounds over the six years, for the 1991-
1996 "core" chemicals. For the more recent years
(1994-1996), production-related waste has
decreased, from 7.96 billion in 1994 to 7,94 billion
in 1996.
Figure 6-13 shows the percentage changes for on-
and off-site waste management types. The largest
Chapter 6 — TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
component of the 1991-1996 change an
increase in on-site recycling of 365.3 million
pounds, a 13.8% increase. The two other methods
of on-site waste management also increased: energy
recovery by 210.1 million pounds (20,3% increase)
and treatment by 61.7 million pounds (2.7%
increase). This meant an overall increase of 637.1
million pounds in oa-site waste management
(10.6% increase).
Smaller increases were reported in off-site
recycling (7.4 million pounds, a 3.2% increase) and
off-site energy recovery (34.9 million pounds, a
10.8% increase). Off-site treatment, however,
decreased 60.5 million pounds, a 24.0% reduction.
Thus, off-site waste management showed a net
decrease from 1991 to 1996 of 18.3 million pounds,
or 2.3%.
The quantity released on- and off-site decreased by
263.0 million pounds in reporting by the chemical
manufacturing sector. This was a reduction of one-
third (33.6%). Non-production-related waste
decreased 6.5 million pounds, or 42.8%, for the
period.
Overall, increases in production-related waste over
this period have been driven by increases in on-site
waste management methods, especially recycling
and energy recovery. At the same time, the
quantities reported as released on- and off-site have
decreased. These changes suggest improvements in
managing TRI chemicals in waste in accordance
with the waste management hierarchy, explained in
Chapter 2. Some facilities with large increases,
however, attribute those increases, at in part,
to increasing production or to new production (from
operations brought on line during this period).
Projected waste management data in the chemical
manufacturing sector indicate that this movement
up the waste management hierarchy is expected to
continue (see Table 6-10).
247
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Chapter 8 — TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
Tabte 6-17. TRI Waste Management Data, 1991,1994-1996: Chemical Manufacturing, SIC Code 28
Waste Management Activity
Op-fS^WisteMan|gernent
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery Qa-site
Treated On-site
Total On-sile Waste Management
Sg-rije -Waste Management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-site
Total Off-site Waste Management
Quantity Released On- and Off-site
Tottl Production-related Waste
Non- Production-related Waste
Waste Management Activity
00-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery Oil-site
Treated Ott-siie
Total Qn-site Waste Management
Off-site Waste Manaiement
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-site
Total Off-site Waste Management
Quantity Released On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
Non» Production-related Waste
1991
Pounds
2,637,884,279
1,032,619,127
2,324,438,700
5,994,942,106
235,099,698
323,954,599
252,241,377
811,295,674
782,416,918
7,588,654,698
15,130,942
Change
1994-1995
Percent
-132
235
70
-03
-8.0
5.1
3.6
0.7
01
-02
5.3
1994
Pounds
3,171,240,288
949,676^47
2,483,582,506
6,604,499,141
250,059,982
355,348,505
202,571,473
807,979,960
548,29*305
7,960,775,406
6,419,535
Change
1995-1996
Percent
9.1
59
-102
07
54
-3.9
-8.7
-25
-54
-0.0
281
199S
Pounds
2,752,600,663
1,173,017,653
2,657,033,238
6,582,651,554
230,078,692
373,574,617
209,926,880
813,580,189
549,073,467
7,945,305,210
6,757,987
Change
1991-199*
Percent
138
203
27
106
32
108
-240
-23
-33.6
47
-42,8
Pounds
3,003,186,108
1,242,694,636
2,386,119,008
6,631,999,752
242,512,053
358,824,204
191,698,876
793,035,133
519,411,122
7,944,446,007
8,655,298
Note Does not Include deUsted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994 and 1995, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sidfiinc acid Data ten Section 8 of FormR
(Cunwit Year, Column B) of year indicated.
248
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Chapter 6 — TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
2
I
-40
Recycled Energy Treated
On-site Recovery On-site
On-site
On-site Waste Management
Recycled Biergy Treated
Off-site Recovery Off-site
Off-site
Off-site Waste Management
Quantity Total
Released Roduction-
On- and related
Off-site Waste
Figure 6-13. Percentage Change in Quantities of TRI Chemicals in
Waste, 1991-1996: Chemical Manufacturing (SIC Code 28)
Note: Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994 and 1995, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfiiric acid Data from Section 8 of
Form R (Current Year, Column B) of year indicated
Facilities with Large Increases and Decreases
in Waste Management, 1991-1996
Four of the five top facilities showing increases in
production-related waste reported their largest
increases in on-site recycling. Novartis Crop
Protection, Inc. in St. Gabriel, Louisiana (multiple
codes 2819,2869, and 2879 in 1988 and 2819,
2865,2869, and 2879 in 1996) ranked first in
increases of production-related waste between 1991
and 1996, with a net increase of 459.0 million
pounds. This is largely due to an increase in on-site
recycling of toluene. Toluene is used in several
processes at the facility as a solvent. In one case, it
is used to transport a chemical intermediate from
3 There are no TRI regulatory definitions of recycling Facilities may use their
own interpretations for purposes of reporting to TEI Changes in fecility
interpretations do not represent a change in guidance by EPA on how to
report recycling
one production unit to another. It is then separated
from the intermediate and returned to the first
production operation for reuse. Beginning in 1993,
the toluene reused between the two sequential
processes was reported as on-site recycling.
Consequently, reported amounts of toluene
recycled on-site increased by 458.3 million pounds
between comparison years. Novartis noted that the
increase in reporting does not indicate a change in
the amount of toluene used,3
Four of the top five facilities cited production
increases (including new facilities) to explain all or
part of their increases in waste management
quantities from 1991 to 1996. The number-two-
ranked facility for increases, Zeneca, Inc., in
Pasadena, Texas (181.4-million-pound increase;
SIC code 2879), reported a 181.5 million pound
249
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Chapters— TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
increase in glycol ethers recycled on-site. Reasons
for this change included a mistake in calculating the
1991 value and a production increase that affected
the amount of the chemical used in process (it is
used as a solvent), Formosa Plastics Corporation in
Point Comfort, Texas (multiple SIC codes 2821 and
2869), reported no on-site recycling of propylene in
1991 and 57.7 million pounds in 1996, contributing
to the facility's number three ranking (102.1-
million-pound overall increase). The plant, which
uses propylene as feedstock for the production of
polypropylene resin, began operation in 1994, and
thus there were no data for this facility in
comparison year 199L
The facility with the fourth largest increase in total
production-related waste (98.4 million pounds) was
Texaco Chemical, Inc., Port Neehes, Texas (no code
reported in. 1991 and SIC code 2869 in 1996).
Huntsman Petrochemical Corporation purchased the
facility, built by Texaco between 1992 and 1994, in
1994; however, the faculty reported to TRI tinder the
facility name, Texaco Chemical, for the 1995 and
1996 reporting years. Methyl tertiary-butyl ether
(MTBE) is produced at the plant and is sold as a
gasoline additive. MTBE raises both the octane and
the oxygen content of automobile gasoline. The use of
oxygenated gasoline results in reduced amounts of
carbon monoxide in exhaust. Tert-butyl alcohol, a
feedstock for MTBE production, had a reported
increase of 22.0 million pounds to on-site energy
recovery. Propylene, used in the manufacture of
propylene oxide, had an increase of 25.0 million
pounds in on-site energy recovery. The propylene
oxide product is used in the manufacture of
polyurethane. Unrecoverable propylene and tert-butyl
alcohol remain after the production processes and are
burned in boilers or industrial furnaces (BEFs) as feel
The facility did not report to TRI prior to reporting
year 1995, and consequently, there are no data for
comparison year 1991.
Fifth-ranked Hoechst-Celanese Polyester in
Wilmington, North Carolina (SIC code 2869),
reported an increase of 93.3 million pounds of
methanol recycled on-site. The overall methanol
increase, 92.9% of the facility's total increase of
98.3 million pounds, was due to growth in
production and inclusion of a product that had not
previously been considered in TRI reporting.
All of the top four facilities showing decreases in
production-related waste reported large reductions
in on-site recycling. Lubrizol Corporation,
Pasadena, Texas (SIC code 2869) reported a 143.0
million pound decrease in acrylonifrile recycling
on-site (and an overall reduction of 217.1 million
pounds in production-related waste). The decrease
was due to a change in the facility's interpretation
of on-site recycling. Acrylonitrile is used as a
"carrier fluid" in one process at the plant It is
recovered and reused within that process (at no
point in the process is it removed). This does not
meet the Lubrizol facility's current interpretation of
the definition of on-site recycling, which is that on-
site recycling is constituted by removing a chemical
from a main production process and men returning
it. Because the aerylonitrile is part of a closed loop
process, Lubrizol does not interpret the activity as
on-site recycling. The facility uses aerylonitrile as a
feedstock for production of a monomer that is a
precursor in acrylic fiber manufacturing.4
Ranking second, Tennessee Eastman in Kingsport,
Tennessee (multiple codes 2821,2823, 2865, and
in 1991 and multiple codes 2821S 2823,2865,
and 2893 in 1996), had a 174.0-million-
pound reduction of methanol (and a 200.2-million-
pound reduction overall), in on-site recycling.
Carolina Eastman in Eastman Columbia, South
Carolina (multiple codes 2821 and 2865), ranked
third due to a 122.0-million-pound decrease in the
amount of methanol reported as recycled on-site. Its
overall reduction was 123.9 million pounds.
The fourth-ranked facility showing in
production-related waste (overall reduction of
103.7 million pounds), PCS Phosphate Company,
4 There are no TRI regulatory definitions of recycling. Facilities may use their
own interpretations for purposes of reporting to Til. Changes in fhese
interpretations do not represent a change in guidance by EPA on how to
report recycling
250
-------
Inc., Aurora, North Carolina (SIC code 2874),
reported an increase of 110.6 million pounds of
phosphoric acid recycled on-site. This facility also
reported a 208.3-million-pound decrease in
phosphoric acid treated on-site. The net decrease
for phosphoric acid was 103.8 million pounds. PCS
Phosphate treats its gypsum by-product to remove
and neutralize the residual phosphoric acid. The
facility has also improved techniques to recover
rainwater runoff from the gypsum stacks.
Other Apparent Increases and Decreases in
Production-Related Waste, 1991-1996
In the TRI database, mere are other facilities with
large apparent increases and decreases, which have
been identified as reporting errors or plant closures.
Because these are errors or plant closures and not
actual changes in the data, these facilities are not
discussed in detail here. There is one such facility
in the chemical manufacturing sector:
Shintech, Inc., Freeport, Texas, decrease of
152.7 million pounds, reporting error.
Facilities Contacted for Explanations
(alphabetical by facility):
Angus Chemical Company, Sterlington, Louisiana:
Chet Chiles, March 18,1998 (explanation provided)
Carolina Eastman, Eastman Columbia, South Carolina
(no explanation provided)
FMC Corporation, Pocatello, Idaho: Kelly Packard
and Jim Rice, March 18 and 19,1998 (explanation
provided)
Formosa Plastics Corporation, Point Comfort, Texas:
Jim Shephard, April 17,1998 (explanation provided)
Hoechst-Celanese Polyester, Wilmington, North
Carolina: Larry Joh, March 16,1998, and Karen
Harbaugh, March 17,1998 (explanation provided)
Huntsman Petrochemical Corporation, Port Arthur,
Texas: Bill Forbes, March 18,1998 (explanation
provided)
IMC-Agrico Company, Saint James, Louisiana:
Samuel Reed, March 16,1998 (explanation provided)
Chapter 6 — TRI Data for Chemical Manufacturing
IMC-Agrico Company, Uncle Sam, Louisiana: John
Wen, March 16,1998 (explanation provided)
Lubrizol Corporation, Pasadena, Texas: Bill Henry, •
March 20,1998 (explanation provided)
Monsanto Company, Luling, Louisiana: Bill Rhodes,
March 18 and April 9,1998 (explanation provided)
Novartis Crop Protection, Inc., St Gabriel, Louisiana:
Kim Pagel, March 16 and 20,1998 (explanation
provided)
PCS Phosphate, Aurora, North Carolina: Leon
Montgomery, March 16,1998 (explanation provided)
Texaco Chemical, Inc., PortNeches, Texas: Bill
Forbes (Huntsman Petrochemical Corporation),
March 17 and 20,1998 (explanation provided)
Tennessee Eastman, Kingsport, Tennessee (no
explanation provided)
Zeneca, Inc., Pasadena, Texas: Jeanetta Daly, March
16,1998 (explanation provided)
251
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Chapter 6 — TRl Data for Chemical Manufacturing
Sources
Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget, Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987:
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes and industry descriptions.
U.S. Industry & Trade Outlook 'PS.DRIMeGraw Hill, Standard & Poor's, and U.S. Department of Commerce, International
Trade Administration, 1998: economic analyses, also provides some information on environment and industrial processes for
selected industries.
U.S. Census Bureau, 1996AnnualSurvey of Manufactures: Statistics for Industry Groups and Industries, M96(AS)-1,
February 1998 <4t^://www.(»mm.gov/prod/www/Mes.html#nBn>: value of shipments and employment. Supplemental data
from U.S. Census Bureau for some industries.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance, Office of Compliance, Chemical
Industry National Environmental Baseline Report, 1990 to 1994, EPA/305-R-96-002, October 1997.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance, Office of Compliance, Profile of the
Organic Chemical Industry, Sector Notebook Project, EPA/310-R-95-012, September 1995; Profile of the Pharmaceutical
Manufacturing Industry, EPA/310-R.-97-005, September 1997; Profile of the Plastic Resin and Manmade Fiber Industries,
EPA/310/R.-97/008, September 1997 : industry processes and technologies,
pollutant sources, and selected economic data.
252
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Chapter 7
Toxics Release Inventory Data
for Petroleum Refining (SIC Code 29)
A Look at the Petroleum
Refining and Related
industries (SIC Code 29)
The petroleum refining industry, SIC code 29,
manufactures:
4- Fuels—motor gasoline, diesel and distillate
fuel oil, liquefied petroleum gas, jet fuel,
residual fuel oil, kerosene and coke;
+ Finished non-fuel products—solvents,
lubricating oils, greases, petroleum wax,
petroleum jelly, asphalt, and coke; and
•^ Chemical industry feedstocks—naphtha,
ethane, propane, butane, ethylene, propylene,
butylenes, butadiene, benzene, toluene, and
xylene.
Box 7-1 lists Standard Industrial Classification
(SIC) codes for the sector. In TRI, SIC codes are
given as reported by the facilities; these may differ
from information in economic and other data
collections.
Petroleum refineries and related industries shipped
$174.3 billion in products in 1996 and $151.4
billion in 1995 (in current dollars). The 1996 level
surpassed the recent peak in value of shipments of
$172.6 billion in 1990 (also current dollars).
Although the petroleum refining industry
constitutes a large share of the total value of
shipments of the U.S. economy, it comprises only a
few hundred facilities (these are counted differently
in various sources). Smaller facilities that specialize
in production of a single petroleum product may
employ as few as 10 people, while the more
numerous and larger crude oil processing facilities
maintain large staffs. Employment for the sector in
1996 was 106,000.
From 1989 to 1996, production hi this sector
increased 7.3%, compared to 17.6% for all U.S.
manufacturing. During that time, production in SIC
code 29 increased in every year but 1991. (See
Chapter 4, Table 4-10.)
The largest segment of SIC code 29 is petroleum
refining itself (SIC code 291). Refining facilities
shipped $158.07 billion in 1996 and employed
67,200 people. Refining made up 90.7% of the total
253
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Chapter 7—TRI Data for Petroleum Refining
Box 7-1. SIC Code 29, Petroleum Refining and Related Industries: Codes and Classifications
SIC Code
Industrial Activity
291 Petroleum Refining
2911 Petroleum Refining
295 Asphalt Paving and Roofing Materials
2951 Asphalt Paving Mixtures and Blocks
asphalt and tar.
2952 Asphalt Felts and Coatings
and roofing cements and coatings
299 Products of Petroleum and Coal
2992 Lubricating Oils and Greases
purchased mineral, animal, and vegetable
materials.
2999 Products of Petroleum and Coal, neo*
petroleum and coal products.
Production of gasoline, kerosene, distillate and residual fuel oils and lubricants
Manufacture of asphalt and tar paving mixtures; and paving blocks made of
Manufacture, from purchased materials of asphalt and other saturated felts
Blending, compounding, and re-refining lubrication oils and greases from
Manufacture of packaged fuel, powdered fuel, and other miscellaneous
Source; Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget, Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 198 7, Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC) codes and industry descriptions.
*nec: not elsewhere classified.
value of shipments in SIC code 29 in 1996. As
indicated in the SIC designations in Box 7-1, the
sector has just two other major groups: asphalt
paving and roofing materials (SIC code 295) and
miscellaneous petroleum and coal products (SIC
code 299, primarily lubricants).
Petroleum refineries supply about 40% of the total
energy used in the United States and nearly all of
the energy for transportation. The United States
accounts for over one-quarter of the world's
petroleum consumption—18.41 million barrels per
day in 1996. About half of the crude oil used in the
United States is imported. Refineries exported
about 4% of their petroleum products in 1994.
Petroleum refining separates and transforms crude
oil—physically, thermally, or chemically—into
major distillation fractions (or components—
fractions of crude oil are usually composed of
compounds with similar properties). These are
further separated and converted into finished
petroleum products, in the three major categories
identified at the beginning of this chapter: fuels,
finished non-fuel products, and chemical industry
feedstocks. About 90% of the petroleum products
used in the United States are fuels. Crude oil
contains many hydrocarbons, in mixture, with small
amounts of impurities, and its composition can vary
significantly. Operations at petroleum refineries
differ, given the composition of the crude oil they
process and their particular products. "For these
reasons," one analysis points out, "no two refineries
are alike." Operations at a given refinery may also
differ over time as crude oil of different
composition is used.
Basic steps in the refining process begin with
desalting, to remove from the crude oil corrosive
salts along with some of the metals and suspended
solids. Distillation, which follows, involves heating,
vaporization, fractionation, condensation, and
cooling. Distillation at atmospheric pressure
separates lighter fractions; distillation at very low
pressure (vacuum distillation) separates heavier
fractions. Both are complex processes with
254
-------
numerous output streams, and these may feed back
into the process, into previous processes, into other
processes, or into finished products. Downstream
processes further refine fractions by cracking—that
is, breaking large hydrocarbon molecules into
smaller, lighter molecules. Catalytic cracking (using
heat, pressure, and a catalyst) has become more
common than thermal cracking. Other downstream
methods include catalytic reforming, isomerization,
polymerization, solvent extractions, dewaxing, and
others.
SIC code 29 facilities use and manage large
quantities of chemicals, and their complex
operations give rise to many potential sources of
environmental release. The major sources of
chemical releases are air emissions (fugitive
emissions from leaking equipment, emissions from
process heaters used to heat process streams or
generate steam, emissions from refining processes
themselves) and wastewater (cooling water, process
water, sanitary sewage water, and storm water),
A number of environmental concerns in the
manufacture of petroleum and its products are not
presently covered by TRI. These range from oil
tanker spills (monitored in U.S. waters by the U.S.
Coast Guard), to gasoline storage in underground
tanks at service stations, to tailpipe emissions from
cars and trucks.
1996 TRI Data for Petroleum Refining
Table 7-1 summarizes TRI reporting for the
petroleum refining sector (SIC code 29). More
than 3,200 TRI reporting forms were submitted for
1996. Of these, 241 (or 7.5% of all forms submitted
in this sector) were Form A certification statements,
certifying that a facility's total annual reportable
amount of a TRI chemical was less than 500
pounds for the year and that the facility did not
manufacture, process, or otherwise use more than
1 million pounds. (The Form A certification
statement is explained in Chapter 1.)
Chapter?— TRI Data for Petroleum Refining
Almost 80% of the forms in SIC code 29 were
submitted by refineries (SIC code 2911), by far the
largest segment of the sector in nearly all TRI
reporting areas. Refineries reported 91.6% of total
on- and off-site releases, 99.2% of other on-site
waste management, 40.5% of transfers off-site for
further waste management, 98.2% of total
production-related waste, and close to 100% of
non-production-related waste. For only one
category were refineries ranked second. Lubricating
oils and greases (SIC code 2992) reported 58.4% of
transfers off-site for further waste management.
Some facilities in the petroleum sector engage in
more than one manufacturing activity, as
designated in the Standard Industrial Classification
(SIC) system. Such facilities will then report more
than one SIC code on their TRI forms. (Box 4-2 in
Chapter 4 further explains reporting of multiple SIC
codes and its affect on the analyses presented in the
TRI data release.) This multiple-codes reporting in
TRI is much smaller in the petroleum refining
sector (SIC code 29) than in many other
manufacturing sectors. Table 7-2 examines
multiple-code reporting within SIC code 29.
Ninety-three TRI forms reported more than one SIC
code in SIC code 29 in 1996,2.9% of all forms in
the sector, a smaller percentage than in many
sectors. Of these, 72 reported both petroleum
refining (SIC code 2911) and miscellaneous
products of petroleum and coal (SIC code 2999).
On- and Off-site Releases
Air emissions represented 75.6% of all on- and off-
site releases reported in the petroleum refining
sector, as shown in Table 7-3 and Figure 7-1. The
petroleum refining segment (SIC code 2911)
accounted for 90.3% (47.0 million pounds) of these
releases to air. Miscellaneous petroleum and coal
products (SIC code 2999) was second with 5.5%
(2,9 million pounds). Figure 7-2 illustrates the
distribution of on-and off-site releases for the
industries (four-digit SIC code) in this sector.
255
-------
Chapter?— TRI Data for Petroleum Refining
Table 7-1. Summary of TRI Information by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996: Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 29
ToUl
Total
On- and Production-
Off-sltc
Releases
Rank
1
7
6
4
2
3
S
related
Waste
Rank
1
7
5
2
4
3
6
SIC
Code
2911
2951
2952
2992
2999
Total
Industry Facilities
Petroleum Refining
Asphalt Paving Mixtures & Blocks
Asphalt Felts & Coatings
Lubricating Oils & Greases
Petroleum & Coal Products, nee*
Multiple within SIC 29
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 29
Total for SIC Code 29
Number
165
10
45
147
21
10
3
401
Total
Forms
Number
2,582
16
94
362
80
93
4
3,231
Form As
Number
93
6
15
109
13
4
1
241
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
60,851,253
4,816
52,524
495,989
2,868,906
1,949,289
7,050
66,229,827
Total
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
2,234,680
0
10,751
242,177
2,500
91,323
76,000
2,657,431
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
63,085,933
4,816
63,275
738,166
2,871,406
2,040,612
83,050
68,887,258
Note: <
disposal) of Form R. Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R, Total
Production-related Waste sums Section 8 (Current Year, Column B) of Form R, except: Non-production-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic incidents)
Fotros with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 20 are assigned to the "multiple" category,
*nc« not elsewhere classified.
Table 7-2. Multiple SIC Codes, 1996: Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 29
SIC
2911
2911
2911
2952
Total
Total
Codes Forms Form As
Number Number
2951
2951 2992
2999
2992
foe SIC Code 29
4
8
72
9
93
0
0
0
4
4
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
2,036
489,695
1,447,992
9,566
1,949,289
Total
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
248
9,480
70,935
10,660
91,323
Total
Total Transfers
On-aiid Total Other Off-site tor
Off-site On-slte Waste Further Waste
Releases Management Management
Pounds Pounds Pounds
2,284
499,175
1,518,927
20,226
2,040,612
9,130
464,922
8,681,868
1,205
9,157,125
5,972
250
156,731
4,112
167,065
Total Non-
Prodiiction- Production-
related related
Waste Waste
Number Number
17,353
956,422
10,291,783
22,560
11,288,118
0
0
0
0
0
Note: Oit-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R. On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R Off-site Releases are transfers off-site to disposal
from Section 6 of Form R. Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 of Form R, Total Production-related Waste
sums Section 8 of Form R, except; Non-production-reiated Waste (remedial/catastrophic incidents).
Table 7-3. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996: Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 29 (in Rank Order)
On-site Land Releases
SIC
Cede
2911
2999
2992
2952
2951
Industry
PeMteum Refining
Petroleum & Coal Products, nee*
Multiple within SIC 29
Lubricating Oils & Greases
Invalid SIC Code witWn SIC 29
Asphalt Felts & Coatings
Asphalt Paving Mixture: & Blocks
Tom! for SIC Coda 29
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
47,029,821
2,851,452
1,693,194
487,536
7,050
27,210
4,816
52,101,079
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
10,295,051
17,454
253,726
680
0
314
0
10,567,225
Underground Injection RCKA
Class I
Wells
Pounds
2310,233
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,310,233
Class II-V
Wells
Pounds
8,664
0
0
0
0
0
0
8,664
Subtitle C
Landfills
Pounds
5,685
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,685
Other
On-site Land
Releases
Pounds
1,201,799
0
2,369
7,773
0
25,000
0
1,236,941
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
60,851,253
2,868,906
1,949,289
495,989
7,050
52,524
4,816
66,229,827
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
2,234,680
2,500
91,323
242,177
76,000
10,751
0
2,657,431
Total On-
& Off-site
Releases
Pounds
63,085,933
2,871,406
2,040,612
738,166
83,050
63,275
4,816
68,887,258
Notes On-slte Releases from Section 5 of Form R. Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Forms with more than one 4-digit
SIC code within SIC code 29 are assigned to the multiple category,
*nec: not elsewhere classified.
256
-------
Chapter 7— TRI Data for Petroleum Refining
Table 7-1. Summary of TRI Information by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996: Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 29, Continued
SIC
Code
2911
2951
2952
2992
2999
Industry
Petroleum Refining
Asphalt Paving Mixtures & Blocks
Asphalt Felts & Coatings
Lubricating Oils & Greases
Petroleum & Coal Products, nee*
Multiple within SIC 29
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 29
Total for SIC Code 29
Total Other
On-site Waste
Management
Pounds
2,045,870,460
1,874
151,088
4,914,579
2,384,328
9,157,125
56,000
2,062,535,454
Total Transfers
Off-site for
Further Waste
Management
Pounds
10,587,404
0
16,150
15,260,110
109,745
167,065
8,310
26,148,784
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
2,117,356,607
6,708
240,075
20,904,718
5,357,523
11,288,118
147,610
2,155,301,359
Total Non-
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
1,786,042
0
0
256
159
0
0
1,786,457
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R. Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to
disposal) of Form R Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management ftom. Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R. Total
Production-related Waste sums Section 8 (Current Year, Column B) of Form R, except: Non-production-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic incidents)
Facilities/forms with more man one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 20 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
*nec: not elsewhere classified.
Other On-site Waste Management
Table 7-4 and Figure 7-3 summarize other on-site
waste management. Treatment was the largest
category, with 1.31 billion pounds, 63.3% of the
total. Refineries (SIC code 2911) reported 99.2%
of total on-site waste management (2.05 billion
pounds). On-site waste management has by far the
largest role in this sector's handling of TRI
chemicals.
Figure 7-4 illustrates on-site waste management
reporting for petroleum industries.
Other On-site
Land _ ,
_ . Transfers
Releases __ .. .
UU, 1.8% °ff-S'tet°
Class I I DlsP°sal
Weils I / 3'9%
3.4%
Surface
Water
15.3%
Mr
75.6%
UU, Class II-V
Wells and
RCRA Subtitle C
Landfills,
each<0 1%
Figure 7-1. Distribution of TRI On-site
and Off-site Releases, 1996:
Petroleum Refining (SIC Code 29)
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R Off-site Releases from
Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R UIJ •» underground
injection
257
-------
Chapter 7— TRI Data for Petroleum Refining
110,000,000
o
CL
100,000,000 -
90,000,000 .
80,000,000 .
70,000,000 .
60,000,000 ,
50,000,000 .
40,000,000 ,
30,000,000 .
20,000,000 .
10,000,000 .
0
1! Transfers Off-site to Disposal
• Other On-site Land Releases
• RCRA Subtitle C Landfills
D UIJ, Class II-V Wells
Q UIJ, Class I Wells
Surface Water
Air
2911
2999
Mult
2992
Invalid
2952
2951
Figure 7-2. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, SIC Codes with Largest
Releases, 1996: Petroleum Refining (SIC Code 29)
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R. Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R. Forms with more than
one 4-digft SIC code within SIC code 29 are assigned to the "multiple" category UIJ = underground injection. Invalid SIC codes are codes beginning
"29" that do not exist in the current Standard Industrial Classification code system
Table 7-4, TRI Other On-slte Waste Management, 1996: Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 29 (in Rank Order)
SIC
Code
291 1
2992
2999
2952
2951
Industry
Petroleum Refining
Multiple within SIC 29
Lubricating Oils & Greases
Petroleum & Coal Products, nee*
Asphalt Felts & Coatings
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 29
Asphalt Paving Mixtures & Blocks
Total for SIC Code 29
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
148,364,971
645,727
4,178,041
4,600
151,088
56,000
109
153,400,536
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
603,132,858
0
103,934
364,600
0
0
0
603,601,392
Treated
On-site
Pounds
1,294,372,631
8,511,398
632,604
2,015,128
0
0
1,765
1,305,533,526
Total Other
On-site Waste
Management
Pounds
2,045,870,460
9,157,125
4,914,579
2,384,328
151,088
56,000
1,874
2,062,535,454
Note: Other On-slte Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R Forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 29 are assigned to the "multiple"
category, Invalid SIC codes are codes beginning "29" that do not exist in the current Standard Industrial Classification code system
*ncc: not elsewhere classified.
258
-------
Recycled On-site
7.4%
Treated
On-site
63.3%
Energy
Recovery
On-site
29.3%
Figure 7-3. Distribution of TRI Other
On-site Waste Management, 1996:
Petroleum Refining (SIC Code 29)
Chapter 7— TRI Data for Petroleum Refining
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management
Lubricating oils and greases (SIC code 2992)
reported the largest transfers off-site for further
waste management, 15.3 million pounds, as shown
in Table 7-5. Refineries (SIC code 2911) were
second with 10.6 million. The two industries
together accounted for 98.8% of the total.
Figure 7-5 shows transfers off-site for further waste
management by category of waste-management
method. Recycling was the largest category with
18.6 million pounds reported, 71.0% of the total.
Figure 7^6 shows the off-site transfer data by four-
digit SIC code.
Note: Data from Section 8 of Form R.
2,500,000,000
2,000,000,000 .
1,500,000,000 -
J>
1,000,000,000 .
500,000,000 -
0
2911 Mult. 2992 2999 2952
•Treated
H Energy Recovery
H Recycled
Invalid 2951
Figure 7-4. TRI Other On-site Waste Management,
SIC Codes with Largest Totals, 1996:
Petroleum Refining (SIC Code 29)
Note: Other On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R Forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC Code 29 are assigned to the
"multiple" category. Invalid SIC codes are codes beginning "29" that do not exist in the current Standard Industrial Classification code system
259
-------
Chapter 7— TRI Data for Petroleum Refining
Table 7-5. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, 1996: Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 29
(In Rank Order)
SIC
Code
2992
2911
2999
2952
2951
Industry
Lubricating Oils & Greases
Petroleum Refining
Multiple within SIC 29
Petroleum & Coal Products, nee*
Asphalt Felts & Coatings
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 29
Asphalt Paving Mixtures & Blocks
Total for SIC Code 29
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
14,184,602
4,212,448
112,180
35,902
8,195
0
0
18,553,327
Transfers to
Energy
Recovery
Pounds
415,767
239,672
39
1,593
0
0
0
657,071
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
57,587
1,958,367
53,737
72,250
0
8,310
0
2,150,251
Transfers to
POTWs
Pounds
602,154
4,176,916
1,109
0
7,955
0
0
4,788,134
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
Total Off-site
Transfers for
Further
Waste
Management
Pounds
15,260,110
10,587,404
167,065
109,745
16,150
8,310
0
26,148,784
Note: Off-site Transfers for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Other Off-site Transfers reported
without valid waste management code. Forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 29 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*ncc: not elsewhere classified.
1996 TRI Data by State
for Petroleum Refining
Petroleum refining industries are primarily located
near sources of crude oil (either oil and gas fields or
onshore petroleum terminals) or near consumers of
petroleum products (heavily industrialized areas).
Three states, Texas, Louisiana, and California, were
home to 42% of U.S. refineries and were also
responsible for 53% of the crude distillation
capacity in 1994. These three states accounted for
28.9% of the facilities reporting to TRI and 40.9%
of the TRI forms submitted in SIC code 29 in 1996.
Texas reported the largest total on- and off-site
releases (21.4 million pounds) and California had
the second largest total (11.8 million pounds).
These states also ranked first and second for both
on-site releases and off-site releases (transfers to
disposal). California reported the largest quantities
To POTWs
18.3%
To
Treatment
8.2%
To Energy
Recovery
2.5%
To
Recycling
71.0%
Figure 7-5. Distribution of TRI Transfers
Off-site for Further Waste Management, 1996:
Petroleum Refining (SIC Code 29)
Note: Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6
(excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R.
of other on-site waste management, with 1.03
billion pounds, and total production-related waste,
260
-------
Chapter 7— TRIData for Petroleum Refining
18,000,000
' 16,000,000
14,000,000 -
12,000,000
«, 10,000,000 -
"O
3
S. 8,000,000
6,000,000
4,000,000 -
2,000,000 .
0
•To POTWs
• To Treatment
DTo Energy Recover
•To Recycling
2992
2911
Mult.
2999
2952
Invalid
Figure 7-6, TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, SIC
Codes with Largest Totals, 1996; Petroleum Refining (SIC Code 29)
Note: Off-site Transfers for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding off-site transfers to disposal) of Fona R. Forms with more
than one 4-digrt SIC code wrftun SIC code 20 are assisted to the "multiple" category. Invalid SIC codes are codes beginning "29" that do not
exist in the current Standard Industrial Classification code system.
with 1,04 billion pounds. New Jersey was second in
both categories, with 331.9 million pounds in other
on-site waste management and 333.8 million
pounds in total production-related waste, Indiana
reported the largest transfers off-site for further
waste management with 12.7 million pounds,
followed by California with 4.7 million pounds.
Table 7-6 presents 1996 TRI data for the petroleum
sector in all states and territories. Map 7-1
illustrates the geographic distribution of on- and
off-site releases reported in this sector.
1996 TRI Data by
Chemical for Petroleum
Refining
Nitrate compounds (9.3 million pounds) and
ammonia (9.0 million pounds) were the two
chemicals with the largest on- and off-site releases
for petroleum refining. These were followed by
toluene, methanol, and n-hexane with 7.7 million,
5,4 million, and 5.1 million pounds, respectively
(see Table 7-7).
261
-------
Chapter 7— TRI Data for Petroleum Refining
Table 7-6. Summary of TRI Information by State, 1996: Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 29
Trial
Slate Facilities
Number
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Aricaniat
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
lUmoii
Inii.ii
Iowa
Kansas
Ktntoctsy
Louis taoa
Maryland
Massachusetts
MkUca
Minnesota
Mtsststippi
Missouri
Montana
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North DiXoU
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
South Carolina
Tearteoee
Texas
Utah
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
We* Virginia
Wltcontin
Wyoming
Toul for SIC Code 29
10
4
5
5
4S
5
1
2
10
9
2
29
13
4
11
2
24
4
2
'12
S
5
7
4
16
4
5
6
1
21
8
4
24
8
5
2
44
5
1
2
8
2
5
7
401
Total
Forms
Number
41
22
IS
31
459
39
1
21
20
27
30
184
81
10
81
44
249
6
3
62
57
10
25
69
126
51
14
8
19
111
101
14
155
47
13
23
614
74
24
26
104
12
23
85
3,231
Form As
Number
2
3
1
1
38
1
0
5
4
7
3
16
11
2
9
5
7
2
2
18
1
4
4
1
6
0
1
4
0
14
8
1
18
0
4
2
20
3
0
2
5
3
3
0
241
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
461,060
313,501
10,340
1,328,776
11,402,869
216,155
250
162,642
4,119
29,507
312,207
2,867,425
1,017,661
1,255
3,386,540
533,772
6,435,946
100
0
225,621
1,118,882
433,250
31,825
549,506
2,751,607
925,060
416
1,000
345,861
653,842
1,335,910
66,184
3,298,360
1,122,606
808
49,585
20,751,077
289,269
1,506,131
330,713
, 930,421
181,785
82,676
763,307
66,229,827
Total
Off- site
Releases
Pounds
45
0
206
190
441,261
211,832
0
0
285
1,094
1,774
125,326
255,251
0
584
126,408
286,833
750
0
1,437
54,220
0
4,191
15,068
57,469
9,500
175
4,501
408
142,741
29,692
1
148,555
14,629
226
1,555
672,007
20,980
8
47
0
0
0
28,182
2,657,431
Total On-
and Off-site
Releases
Pounds
461,105
313,501
10,546
1,328,966
11,844,130
427,987
250
162,642
4,404
30,601
313,981
2,992,751
1,272,912
1,255
3,387,124
660,180
6,722,779
850
0
227,058
1,173,102
433,250
36,016
564,574
2,809,076
934,560
591
5,501
346,269
796,583
1,365,602
66,185
3,446,915
1,137,235
1,034
51,140
21,423,084
310,249
1,506,139
330,760
930,421
181,785
82,676
791,489
68,887,258
Total
Transfers
Total Other Off-site for
On-site Waste Further Waste
Management Management
Pounds Pounds
33,621
147,120
2,933
1,025,540
1,028,481,664
10,383,840
0
279,600
60,252
101,127
3,527,837
46,227,495
8,943,010
0
35,710,390
13,672,504
73,801,504
5,600
0
51,150,941
2,414,518
33,300
1,465
4,649,688
331,915,837
35,993,442
2,498
106
1,275,107
28,082,916
56,875,229
2,452
8,522,028
700,211
3,202
28,292,915
154,090,426
100,974,221
10,959,652
3,007,030
15,895,630
619,930
0
4,668,673
2,062,535,454
508,463
22,240
0
92,965
4,745,047
3,792
1,295
12,134
55,800
8,000
4,554
456,035
12,651,801
0
167,722
17,066
669,201
250
0
315,487
301,838
0
11,597
25,708
238,431
8,374
500,300
14,197
925
279,947
193,760
1,621
647,299
11,021
719
166,693
3,133,283
151,247
479,203
1,680
246,843
500
1,531
215
26,148,784
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
1,008,212
475,429
13,480
2,448,730
1,044,581,141
10,853,473
1,794
428,375
64,671
140,195
3,837,689
49,669,653
22,840,039
706
39,216,245
14,346,645
81,059,845
6,040
0
51,709,072
3,882,433
421,810
46,171
5,226,784
333,819,747
36,932,410
502,893
15,234
1,628,787
29,156,543
58,413,984
70,026
12,600,769
1,617,169
4,949
28,508,998
178,610,982
101,445,137
12,944,993
3,339,189
17,067,241
803,244
84,225
5,456,207
2,155,301,359
Non-
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
0
6,257
0
0
222,820
0
0
26,000
0
0
20
2,162
10,069
0
352
28,806
45,089
0
0
0
0
300
3
10,438
90,516
0
0
0
0
90
0
0
10,877
3,250
0
0
1,323,213
306
0
30
2,875
0
0
2,984
1,786,457
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R. On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to
disposal) of Form R. Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R. Total
Production-related Waste sums Section 8 (Current Year, Column B) of Form R, except. Non-production-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic incidents).
262
-------
Map 7-1. Total On- and Off-site Releases, 1996: Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 29
Alaska
Hawaii
Puerto Rico
Pounds
More than 10,000,000
1,000,000 to 10,000,000
BH 100,000 to 1,000,000
PI 0 to 100,000
X = no reports
§
*
I
•s
I
J
8"
I
9
Note On-site Releases from Section 5 of Fonn R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R.
-------
Chapter?— TRIData for Petroleum Refining
Table 7-7. The 15 Chemicals with the Largest Total On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996: Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 29
(tn Rank Order)
CAS
Number
7664 -4 1 -7
10S-S8-3
67-56-1
i 10-54-3
115-07-1
78-93-3
1330-20-7
71-43-2
1634-04-4
74-85-1
7647-01-0
110-82-7
100-41-4
95-63-6
Industry
Nitrate compounds
Ammonia
Toluene
Mclhanol
n-Hcxanc
Propylcne
Methyl ethyl kctone
Xylcne (mixed isomcrs)
Benzene
Methyl ten-butyl ether
Ethylcne
Hydrochloric acid
Cyclohcxanc
Ethylbcnzene
1 ,2,4-Trimcthylbenzene
Subtotal
Total for SIC Code 29
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
0
6,775,446
7,092,393
5,205,244
4,885,511
4,302,329
4,270,000
3,864,532
2,730,100
2,323,386
1,944,681
1,433,392
1,241,794
932,247
659,083
47,660,138
52,101,079
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
9,257,747
697,412
37,706
42,317
153,256
7,050
6,192
18,700
21,155
101,444
2,927
0
7,961
3,797
2,966
10,360,630
10,567,225
On-site Land Releases
Underground Injection RCRA Other On- Total
Class I Class II- V Subtitle C site Land On-site
Wells Wells Landfills Releases Releases
Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds
0
1,323,520
171,612
144,430
7,208
0
19,000
32,551
179,403
161,550
0
0
4,862
4,299
1,270
2,049,705
2,310,233
0
4,154
500
0
0
0
0
500
500
750
0
0
0
250
0
6,654
8,664
0
0
250
0
250
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
5
5
5
520
5,685
22,298
7,953
351,233
150
9,444
1,338
5
23,300
42,452
26,566
280
0
5,423
56,505
9,261
556,208
1,236,941
9,280,045
8,808,485
7,653,694
5,392,141
5,055,669
4,310,717
4,295,197
3,939,583
2,973,615
2,613,696
1,947,888
1,433,392
1,260,045
997,103
672,585
60,633,855
66,229,827
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site
to Disposal
Pounds
0
203,062
86,341
81
16,831
387
1,145
127,345
43,769
63
92
0
5,796
27,665
47,663
560,240
2,657,431
Total On-
& Off-site
Releases
Pounds
9,280,045
9,011,547
7,740,035
5,392,222
5,072,500
4,311,104
4,296,342
4,066,928
3,017,384
2,613,759
1,947,980
1,433,392
1,265,841
1,024,768
720,248
61,194,095
68,887,258
Note: On-slte Releases from Section 5 of Form R. Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R.
Reporting of discharges to surface water was
dominated by nitrate compounds (87.6% of the
sector's total in this category). Ammonia, toluene,
and methanol totaled over 5 million pounds each in
emissions to air, the medium with the largest
releases, and they accounted for 36.6% of total air
emissions in this sector. Underground injection was
1.3 million pounds for ammonia, nearly all of it in
Class I wells.
OSHA Carcinogens
Petroleum refining releases of chemicals designated
as OSHA carcinogens totaled 4.2 million pounds in
1996, as shown in Table 7-8. (OSHA Carcinogens
and the bases for their designation appear in Box 2-
4 in Chapter 2). The large majority (3.2 million
pounds) was released to air.
One of the top 15 chemicals for total on- and off-
site releases, benzene, is an OSHA carcinogen. It
accounted for 3.0 million pounds of on- and off-
site releases, including 2.7 million pounds of air
emissions. No other OSHA carcinogen was
reported in such a large amount in this sector.
The next largest total release of an OSHA
carcinogen in the petroleum refining sector was
nickel compounds with 327,000 pounds, followed
by asbestos with 291,000 pounds.
Refineries (SIC code 2911) reported 97.9% of the
air emissions of OSHA carcinogens reported in this
sector. Figure 7-7 shows the on- and off-site
releases of OSHA carcinogens for the four-digit
SIC codes in the petroleum sector.
264
-------
Chapter 7— TRI Data for Petroleum Refining
Table 7-8. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of OSHA Carcinogens by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996: Petroleum Refining, SIC
Code 29 (in Rank Order)
SIC
Code
2911
2952
2992
2999
Industry
Petroleum Refining
Multiple within SIC 29
Asphalt Felts & Coatings
Lubricating Oils & Greases
Petroleum & Coal Products, nee*
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 29
Subtotal
Total for SIC Code 29
Total
Air
Emissions
Pounds
3,100,498
40,034
5,424
8,427
5,504
6,300
3,166,187
52,101,079
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
30,811
654
0
0
0
0
31,465
10,567,225
On-site Land Releases
Underground Injection RCRA Other On- Total
Class I Class II-V Subtitle C site Land On-site
Wells Wells Landfills Releases Releases
Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds
179,403
0
0
0
0
0
179,403
2,310,233
750
0
0
0
0
0
750
8,664
3,605
0
0
0
0
0
3,605
5,685
70,966
167
0
0
0
0
71,133
1,236,941
3,386,033
40,855
5,424
8,427
5,504
6,300
3,452,543
66,229,827
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
729,822
732
4,156
245
2,500
0
737,455
2,657,431
Total On-
& Off-site
Releases
Pounds
4,115,855
41,587
9,580
8,672
8,004
6,300
4,189,998
68,887,258
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R. Forms with more than one 4-digit SIC
code within SIC code 29 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
*nec: not elsewhere classified.
8.
O Transfers Off-site to Disposal
E Other On-site Land Releases
• RCRA Subtitle C Landfills
D UIJ, Class II-V Wells
H UIJ, Class I Wells
S Surface Water
•I Air
2911
Mult.
2952
2992
2999
Figure 7-7. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of OSHA Carcinogens,
SIC Codes with Largest Totals, 1996: Petroleum Refining
(SIC Code 29)
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R. Forms with
more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 29 are assigned to the "multiple" category. UIJ = underground injection
265
-------
Chapter 7 — TRI Data for Petroleum Refining
Table 7-9. Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996: Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 29
(In Rank Order)
SIC
Ccxfc
2911
2992
2999
2952
29SI
Industry
Petroleum Refining
Lubricating Oils & Greases
Multiple within SIC 29
Petroleum & Coal Product!, nee*
Asphih Felts & Coatings
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 29
Alptuh Paving Mixtures & Blocks
Total for SIC Code 29
Recycled
On-slte
Pounds
148364,971
4,178,041
645,727
4,600
151,088
56,000
109
153.400,536
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
603,132,858
103,934
0
364,600
0
0
0
603,601,392
Treated
On-site
Pounds
1,294,372,631
632,604
8,511,398
2,015,128
0
0
1,765
1,305,533,526
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
4,179,325
14,167,093
112,208
35,900
8,441
0
0
18,502,967
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
245,436
412,381
39
2,393
0
0
0
660,249
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
5,982,505
688,754
55,311
72,245
7,306
8,310
19
6,814,450
Quantity
Released
On- and
Off-site
Pounds
61,078,881
721,911
1,963,435
2,862,657
73,240
83,300
4,815
66,788,239
Total Non-
Production- Production-
related related
Waste Waste
Pounds Pounds
2,117,356,607
20,904,718
11,288,118
5,357,523
240,075
147,610
6,708
2,155,301,359
1,786,042
256
0
159
0
0
0
1,786,457
Note: Data from Section 8 of Form R. Forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 29 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*ncc: not elsewhere classified.
1996 TRI Chemicals in
Waste for Petroleum
Refining
The petroleum refining sector reported a total
of 2.16 billion pounds of TRI chemicals in
production-related waste for 1996, as shown in
Table 7-9 and Figure 7-8. On-site treatment
amounted to 1.31 billion pounds, or 60.6% of total
production-related waste. On-site energy recovery
was next with 603.6 million pounds, or 28.0%.
Refineries (SIC code 2911) topped the list in all
production-related waste categories except one, off-
site recycling. In that category, lubricating oils and
greases (SIC code 2992) reported the largest
quantity, 14.2 million pounds. Refineries (SIC code
2911) reported 148.4 million pounds in on-site
recycling, 603.1 million pounds in on-site energy
recovery, 1.29 billion pounds in on-site treatment,
4.2 million pounds in off-site recycling, 245,000
pounds in off-site energy recovery, 6.0 million
pounds in off-site treatment, and 61.1 million
pounds in quantities released on- and off-site.
Refineries accounted for 98.2% of all SIC code 29
chemicals reported in waste. Distribution of
production-related waste for SIC code 29 industries
appear in Figure 7-9.
Off-site Waste
Management
1.2%
Quantity Released
3.1%
On-site
Waste
Management
95.7%
Figure 7-8. Distribution of TRI Production-Related
Waste, 1996: Petroleum Refining (SIC Code 29)
Note: Data from Section 8 of Form R
266
-------
Chapter 7— TRI Data for Petroleum Refining
100%
90% -
80% -
70% .
60% .
50% -
40% .
30% .
20% ,
10% -
0% -
S Quantity Released
a Treated Off-site
B Energy Recovery Off-site
Q Recycled Off-site
• Treated on-site
• Energy Recovery On-site
H Recycled On-site
2911
2992
Mult
2999
2952
Invalid 2951
Figure 7-9. Distribution of Production-related Waste, 1996:
Petroleum Refining (SIC Code 29)
Note: Data from Section 8 of Fonn R Forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 29 are assigned to the "multiple" category Invalid SIC
codes are codes beginning "29" that do not exist in the current Standard Industrial Classification code system
Projected Quantities of TRI
Chemicals in Waste
Table 7-10 and Figure 7-10 summarize the
petroleum refining sector's projections for on-
and off-site waste management through 1998. (As
explained in Chapter 2, facilities not only report
current data but project waste management
quantities for the next two years in their TRI
submissions.) Total production-related waste is
not projected to change by much—a small decrease
for 1996 to 1997 and a small increase for 1997 to
1998—because its largest component (on-site
treatment) is projected to decrease by just 1.3% and
its second largest component (on-site energy
recovery) is projected to increase by 3.5%.
Two categories of off-site waste management are
projected to decrease significantly: energy recovery
by 15.5% and treatment by 32.2%. In both cases,
the greatest change is projected for the first year,
1996-1997. The quantity released on-and off-site is
expected to decrease by 4.9% between 1996 and
1998.
Overall, between 1996 and 1998, the projected
change in production-related waste is quite small,
less than 0.01%. On-site treatment is expected to
remain the prevalent waste management method in
this sector, representing 60.6% of total production-
267
-------
Chapter 7— TRIData for Petroleum Refining
Table 7-10. Current Year and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, 1996-1998: Petroleum
Refining, SIC Code 29
Waste Management Activity
On-site Waste Management
Recycled Gn-site
Energy Recovety On-site
Treated On-sile
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovejy Off-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released
On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
for SIC Code 29
Waste Management Activity
On-8ite Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Oft-site Waste Management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovety Off-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
for SIC Code 29
Current Year 1996
Total Percent
Pounds ofTotal
153,400,536 7.1
603,601,392 28.0
1,305,533,526 60.6
18,502,967 0.9
660,249 0.0
6,814,450 0.3
66,788,239 3.1
2,155,301,359 100.0
Projected Change
1996-1997
Percent
-03
26
-12
-0.7
-17.7
-31.3
-4.5
-0.3
Projected 1997
Total Percent
Pounds ofTotal
152,902,846 7.1
619,232,516 288
1,289,721,204 60.0
18,371,699 0.9
543,337 0.0
4,684,602 0.2
63,800,506 3.0
2,149,256,710 1000
Projected Change
1997 - 1998
Percent
0.1
0.9
-00
15
26
-1.3
-0.4
02
Projected I99S
Total Percent
Pounds ofTotal
153,044,029
624,678,006
1,289,190,556
18,647,223
557,708
4,622,140
63,516,964
2,154,256,626
Projected Change
1996 - 1998
Percent
-02
35
-1.3
08
-155
-322
-49
-00
71
290
59.8
0.9
00
02
29
100.0
Note; Current year and projected year amounts are all taken from Section 8 of Form R for 1996.
268
-------
Chapter 7— TRI Data for Petroleum Refining
-2.0 -
m1996-1997
B1996-1998
-4.0
-6.0-
-8.0-
-10.0
On-site Waste Off-site Waste Quantity Released Total Production-
Management Management Qn_ an(j off-site related Waste
Figure 7-10. Projected Percentage Changes in Quantities of TRI
Chemicals in Waste, 1996-1998:
Petroleum Refining (SIC Code 29)
Note; Current year and projected year amounts are all taken from Section 8 of Form Rfor 1996
Table 7-11. Number of Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity, 1996: Petroleum Refining. SIC Code 29
Forms Report
Reduction A
SIC
Code
2911
2951
2952
2992
2999
Total
Industry Forms
Number
Petroleum Refining
Asphalt Paving Mixtures & Blocks
Asphalt Felts & Coatings
Lubncatmg Oils & Greases
Petroleum & Coal Products, nee*
Multiple within SIC 29
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 29
Total for SIC Code 29
2,582
16
94
362
80
93
4
3,231
Category of Source Reduction Activity
ng Source
^divides Raw
Surface
Prep-
Percent Good Spill Material Process Cleaning aration Product
Form of Ail Operating Inventory and Leak Modifi- Modifi- and and Modifi-
As Forms Practices Control Prevention cations cations Degreasing Finishing cations
lumber Percent Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number
530
1
54
58
5
IS
-
666
205 150 10 339 4 170
63 1 - 1 - -
574 12 1 27 3
160 23 12 21 7 15
63 2 - 212
194 2 - 17 1
00 - - ...
206 190 23 380 40 WO
4 - 1
-
1 - 12
3 - 2
1
.
-
9 - 15
Notes Forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 20 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*nec: not elsewhere classified.
269
-------
|J|jfc/iapfer 7— TRI Data for Petroleum Refining
related waste in 1996 and a projected 59.8% in
1998.
Source Reduction Activity
One-fifth (20.6%) of the TRI reporting forms
submitted in this sector indicated at least one source
reduction activity during 1996. Table 7-11 shows
that refineries (SIC code 2911) submitted 530 of
these (also one-fifth, 20.5%, of the forms in that
four-digit SIC code). In the asphalt felts and
coatings industry (SIC code 2952), 57.4% of the
forms submitted reported source reduction activities
in 1996.
Spill and leak prevention was the most commonly
reported source reduction activity for the petroleum
refining sector overall (SIC code 29) and for
refineries (SIC code 2911). Few if any other sectors
show this emphasis, which reflects the petroleum
sector's dependence on moving and storing
enormous quantities of crude oil and other
petroleum products. Improvements in operating
practices (the most common source reduction
activity in most other sectors) was the next highest
reported activity in this sector.
Year-to-Year
Comparisons for
Petroleum Refining
1995-1996 TRI Data for Petroleum
Refining
On- and Off-site Releases
From 1995 to 1996, the number of TRI forms
submitted with petroleum refining codes decreased
by 1.0%, as shown in Table 7-12. The number of
Form A certification statements, certifying that a
chemical's annual reportable amount was less than
500 pounds for the year and that the facility did not
manufacture, process, or otherwise use more than 1
million pounds, rose 11.1%. (The Form A
certification statement is explained in Chapter 1.)
This may reflect growing awareness of the Form A
certification statement, which was introduced in
reporting year 1995.
On- and off-site releases reported in the petroleum
refining sector totaled 7.4% more (a 4.7-million-
pound increase) in 1996 than in 1995. Several areas
of on-site releases showed significant increases
including a 242.5% increase in on-site land releases
(from 363,000 pounds to 1.2 million pounds) and
an 86.1% increase in surface water discharges
(from 5.7 million pounds to 10.6 million pounds).
Transfers off-site to disposal decreased by 484,000
pounds (15.4%). Figure 7-11 displays these
changes.
Other On-site Waste Management
Reporting by petroleum refining facilities of other
on-site waste management, which also appears in
Table 7-12, rose 97.3%, from 1.05 billion pounds in
1995 to 2.06 billion pounds in 1996, Every area of
other on-site waste management increased with on-
site treatment topping the list with a 268.4% rise (a
1.00-billion-pound increase). Almost all of the
increase in on-site treatment is accounted for by a
single facility, Chevron Products in Richmond,
California, which reported 2.4 million pounds in
1995 and 942.6 million pounds in 1996, a 940.3-
million-pound increase. This facility attributes
much of its increase to improved estimation
techniques, as described in the section on Facilities
with Large Increases and Decreases in Waste
Management, 1991-1996, later in this chapter.
On-site recycling increased 24.1%, from 123.6
million pounds to 153.4 million pounds, and on-site
energy recovery rose 6.4%, from 567.3 million
pounds to 603.6 million pounds.
270
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Chapter?— TRIData for Petroleum Refining
Table 7-12. Comparison of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, Other On-site Waste Management, and Transfers
Off-site for Further Waste Management, 1995-1996: Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 29
Total Facilities
Total Forms
FormRs
Form As
On-site Releases
Total Air Emissions
Fugitive Air
Point Source Air
Surface Water Discharges
Underground Injection
On-site Land Releases
Total On-site Releases
Off-site Releases
Transfers Off-site to Disposal
Total On- and Off-site Releases
Other On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Total Other On-site Waste Management
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management
Transfers to Recycling
Transfers to Energy Recovery
Transfers to Treatment
Transfers to POTWs
Other Off-site Transfers
Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management
1995
Number
401
3,262
3,045
217
Pounds
52,742,051
30,378,054
22,363,997
5,677,398
2,217,653
362,828
60,999,930
3,140,985
64,140,915
123,620,333
567,256,295
354,362,794
1,045,239,422
22,993,456
552,946
1,067,905
4,926,872
0
29,541,179
1996
Number
401
3,231
2,990
241
Pounds
52,101,079
27,968,469
24,132,610
10,567,225
2,318,897
1,242,626
66,229,827
2,657,431
68,887,258
153,400,536
603,601,392
1,305,533,526
2,062,535,454
18,553,327
657,071
2,150,251
4,788,134
1
26,148,784
Change
1995 to 1996
Percent
0.0
-LO
-1.8
11.1
Percent
-1.2
-7.9
7.9
86.1
4.6
242.5
8.6
-15.4
7.4
24.1
6.4
268.4
97.3
-19.3
18.8
101.4
-2.8
—
-11.5
Note: On-slte Releases flom Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Other On-site Waste
Form R. Breakdown of Underground Injection and On-site Land Releases not required in 1995. Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste
management code
271
-------
Chapter 7— TRIData for Petroleum Refining
300
250 .
200 .
150 .
-------
Chapter 7— TRIDate for Petroleum Refining
Table 7-13. Comparison of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, Other On-site Waste Management, and Transfers Off-site
for Further Waste Management, 1988 and 1994-1996: Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 29
Total Facilities
Total Forms
FortnRs
Form As
On-site Releases
Total Air Emissions
Fugitive Air
Point Source Air
Surface Water Discharges
Underground Injection
On-site Land Releases
Total On-site Land Releases
Off-site Releases
Transfers Off-site to Disposal
Total On- and Off-site Releases
Otter Oft-srfe Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Other On-site Waste Management
Transfets Off-site for Further Waste Management
Transfers to Recycling
Transfeis to Energy Recovery
Transfers to Treatment
Transfers to POTWs
Other Off-site Transfeis
Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management
1988
Number
376
2,814
2,814
NA
Pounds
64,717,279
47,881,163
16,836,116
753,428
527,819
2,455,013
68,453,539
4,327,282
72,780,821
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
2,538,235
6,087,311
906,249
NA
1994
Number
392
2,853
2,833
NA
Pounds
41,582^76
29,028,190
12,554,186
468,608
704,981
648,650
43,404,615
3,472,485
46,877,100
112,965,582
918,442,566
167,926,607
1,199,334,755
20,293,05?
1,392,657
1,253,753
3,356,885
0
26,296,352
1995
Number
378
2,790
2,600
190
Pounds
37,966,347
25,525,376
12,440,971
514,411
856,378
189,625
39,526,761
3,066,557
42,593,318
115,528,019
562,955,277
257,045,269
935,528,565
22,844,000
542,664
945,589
3,976,605
0
28,308,858
1996
Number
373
2,748
2,550
198
Pounds
38,116,344
23,418,914
14,697,430
410,016
982,255
1,181,829
40,690,444
2,386,208
43,076,652
84,154,943
596,112,342
1,064,485,499
1,744,752,784
18,466,459
633,417
1,986,839
4,312,823
1
25,399,539
Change
1988toW9«
Percent
-08
-23
-94
NA
Percent
-41 1
-51 1
-127
^56
861
-51,9
-406
-44,9
-408
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
-217
-292
-1000
NA
Note; Does not include deteted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990,1991,1994, and 1995, and aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulftrac acid
On-0!te Releases item Section 5 of Form R. and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Other On-stte Waste Management
from Section 8 of form R Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding ttansfers off-site to disposal) of Form R. Breakdown of
Underground Injection and On-site Land Releases not required before 1996 For 1994-1996, Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste
management code For 1988, Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste management code or codes not required to be reported in 1988
NA: not required to be reported in that year
273
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Cftapfer 7— TRIData for Petroleum Refining
100
-60
Air
Surface
Water
Underground
Injection
On-site
Land
Releases
Transfers
Off-site
to Disposal
Figure 7-12. Percentage Change in On-site and Off-site Releases,
1988-1996: Petroleum Refining (SIC Code 29)
Note: Docs not include delistcd chemicals, chemicals added in 1990,1991,1994, and 1995, and aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric
acid, and swlftirie acid, On-$ite Releases ftom Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases torn Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R
Breakdown of On-site Land Re! eases and Underjpmad Injection not required before 1996
Fugitive air emissions made up the majority of the
decreases, dropping from 47.9 million pounds to
23,4 million pounds, a 51.1% reduction. Point
source air emissions decreased 2.1 million pounds
between 1988 and 1996, a 12.7% reduction, and
surface water discharges decreased by 343,000
pounds, a 45.6% decrease. On-site land releases in
1996 were half that of 1988, decreasing from 2.5
million pounds in 1988 to 1.2 million pounds in
1996 (a 51.9% reduction).
Transfers off-site to disposal decreased 44.9%, a
reduction of 1.9 million pounds.
Other on-site waste management and off-site
transfers to recycling and energy recovery generally
showed decreases from 1994, except for on-site
treatment. On-site treatment increased from 167.9
million pounds in 1994 to 1.06 billion pounds in
1996, a 533.9% increase. (These data were not
collected in 1988.)
For the 1988-1996 period, transfers to treatment
decreased 21,1%, or 551,000 pounds, and transfers
to POTWs decreased 29.2%, or 1.8 million pounds.
Production in the petroleum refining sector
increased throughout this period, although
employment declined. TRI facilities report absolute
amounts of waste managed and environmental
releases, not amounts adjusted for changes in
production levels. As production in the petroleum
refining sector has increased, however, the sector's
releases have decreased, led by decreases in fugitive
air emissions. Several facilities that have
accomplished large decreases in air emissions have
done so by implementing process changes, as well
as improving their operating practices, as described
below.
274
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Chapter 7 — TRI Data for Petroleum Refining
Table 7-14. TRI Qn-site and Off-site Releases by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1S94.1986: Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 2S
On-srte Releases
SIC
Code
2911
2951
2952
2992
2999
Industry
Peteoleum Refining
Asphalt Paving Mixtures & Blocks
Asphalt Felts & Coatings
Lubricating Oils & Oreases
Pettoieum & Coal Products, nee*
Multiple withm SIC Code 29
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 29
Total for SIC Code 29
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Surface
Total Air Water Underground
Emissions Discharges Injection
Pounds Pounds Pounds
34,837,049
33,681,768
37,250,761
56,407,891
4,816
1,515
1,66?
25,503
27,210
23,022
28,389
40,206
449,787
274,537
269,528
827,756
1,566,370
2,171,009
2,279,509
2,960,467
1,224,062
1,727,469
1,727,722
4,137,449
7,050
87,027
24,800
318,007
38,116,344
37,966,347
41,582,376
64,717,279
379,487
489,453
449,194
692,938
0
0
0
2,000
31,4
32
28
280
680
70S
915
3,918
13,449
12,563
13,110
12,250
16,086
11,658
5,111
42,042
0
0
250
0
410,016
514,411
468,608
753,428
982,255
854,178
702,581
503,202
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,200
2,400
23,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,617
982,255
856,378
704,981
527,819
Releases
to Land
Pounds
1,147,695
149,756
55S,682
2,251,419
0
0
146
250
25,000
9,205
0
0
7,773
15,109
55,324
5,219
0
78
0
97,000
1,361
15,477
36,498
79,335
0
0
0
21,790
1,181,829
189,625
648,650
2,455,013
Total
On-srte
Releases
Pounds
37,346,486
35,175,155
38,959,218
59,855,450
4,816
1,5 15
1,813
27,753
52,524
32,259
28,417
40,486
458,240
290,351
325,767
836,893
1,579,819
2,185,850
2,295,019
3,092,717
1,241,509
1,754,604
1,769,331
4,258,826
7,050
87,027
25,050
341,414
40,690,444
39,526,761
43,404,615
68,453,539
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
2,157,061
2,796,594
3,208,739
3,799,001
0
500
1,146
2,440
10,751
32,124
69,806
187,722
52,096
15,773
87,321
67,814
0
0
0
250
90,300
136,566
28,073
209,542
76,000
85,000
77,400
60,513
2,386,208
3,066,557
3,472,485
4,327,282
Total On-
and Off-site
Helen ses
Pounds
39,503,547
37,971,749
42,167,957
63,654,451
4,816
2,015
2,959
30,193
63,275
64,383
98,223
228,208
510,336
306,124
413,088
904,707
1,579,819
2,185,850
2,295,019
3,092,967
1,331,809
1,891,170
1,797,404
4,468,368
83,050
172,027
102,450
401,927
43,076,652
42,593,318
46,877,100
72,780,821 "
Note: Oa-sKe Releases from Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Forms with more than oae-4-digit
SIC code within SIC code 29 are assigned to the "mttitiple" category
*nec; not elsewhere classified.
1988-1996 for Four-Digit Industries in
Petroleum Refining
Tables 7-14 through 7-16 summarize, respectively,
on-and off-site releases, other on-site waste
management, and transfers off-site for further waste
management. They present data for 1988 and 1994-
1996 for industries at the four-digit SIC code level
within SIC code 29.
As made evident in Hie preceding sections of this
chapter, refineries (SIC code 2911) represent the
vast majority of facilities and forms for the
petroleum refining sector. Only two categories of
reporting, for all reporting years presented in the
tables, are led by an industry other than SIC code
2911. Lubricating oils and (SIC code 2992)
reported more transfers to recycling and energy
275
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Chapter 7— TRIData for Petroleum Refining
Table 7-15. TRl Other On-site Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1993: Petroleum Refining,
SIC Code 29
SIC
Code Industry
29 1 1 Petroleum Refining
29$ I Asphalt Paving Mixtures & Blocks
2952 Asphalt Felts & Coatings
2992 Lubricating Oils &Oi«ase$
2999 P«irotaun & Coal Products, nee*
Multiple within SIC Code 29
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 29
Total for SIC Code 29
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Recycled
Oil-site
Pounds
79,132,470
78,987,422
67,287,193
NA
109
0
0
MA
151,088
52,545
72,940
NA
4,178,041
5,369,064
12,894,749
NA
0
30,336,000
32,640,000
NA
637,235
726,988
14,700
NA
56,000
56,000
56,000
NA
84,154,943
115,528,019
112,965,582
NA
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
395,705,592
561,020,619
915,552,746
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
55,250
0
0
NA
351,500
1,934,658
2,889,820
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
596,112,342
562,955,277
918,442,566
NA
Treated
On-site
Pounds
1,057,877,820
248,808,273
162,212,091
NA
1,765
950
885
NA
0
0
0
NA
590,903
634,009
352,813
NA
983,243
2,586,503
1,358,598
NA
5,031,768
5,015,534
3,997,550
NA
0
0
4,670
NA
1,064,485,499
257,045,269
167,926,607
NA
Total Other
On-site Waste
Management
Pounds
1,732,715,882
888,816,314
1,145,052,030
NA
1,874
950
885
NA
151,088
52,545
72,940
NA
4,824,194
6,003,073
13,247,562
NA
1,334,743
34,857,161
36,888,418
NA
5,669,003
5,742,522
4,012,250
NA
56,000
56,000
60,670
NA
1,744,752,784
935,528,565
1,199,334,755
NA
Note; Date from Section S of Form R. Fonns with more than one-4-digit SIC code within SIC code 29 are assigied to the "multiple" category,
*««: not elsewhere classified.
recovery in each year covered here (1994-1996),
except for transfers to energy recovery in 1995.
On- and Off-site Releases
As shown in Table 7-14, refineries (SIC code 2911)
saw the biggest reported reductions (in total air
emissions) (21,6-million-pound reduction) from
1988 to 1996. This contributed to an overall 24,2-
million-pound decrease for all release media, a
37,9% reduction.
Multiple-code reporting decreased from 4.5 million
pounds to 1.3 million pounds (a 3.1-million-pound
decrease, or 70.2%). Reporting in the miscellaneous
petroleum and coal product industry (SIC code
2999) decreased from 3.1 million pounds in 1988 to
1,6 million pounds in 1996 (1.5 million pounds, or
a 48.9% decrease). These data are also presented in
Table 7-14.
276
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Chapter 7— TRIData for Petroleum Rettnfng
Table 7-16, TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Petroleum
Refining, SIC Code 29
SIC
Code Industry
2911 Petroleum Reflniag
2951 Asphalt Paving Mixtures & Stocks
2952 AsphaltFelts &€oatings
2992 Lubricating Ojto & Greases
2999 Petroleum & Coal Products, nee*
Multiple within SIC Code 29
Invalid SIC Cods within SIC 29
Total for SIC Code 29
\
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
m
96
95
94
88
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
4,161,812
4,822,314
4,746,251
NA
0
0
0
NA
8,195
1,016
4
NA
14,184,342
17,910,494
15,497,147
NA
2
0
0
NA
112,108
110,176
49,655
NA
0
0
0
NA
18,466,459
22,844,000
20,293,057
NA
Transfers
to Energy Transfers to
Recovery Treatment
Pounds Pounds
216,181
304,161
260,453
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
3,750
3,285
NA
415,604
231,493
1,127,019
NA
1,593
3,260
1,900
NA
39
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
633,417
542,664
1,392,657
NA
1,818^54
708,706
992,820
2,321,128
0
0
0
0
0
175
334
0
40,637
140309
149,333
100,837
72,250
70,250
70,250
9,750
47,088
18,929
35,466
1,350
8310
7,220
5,550
105,170
1,986,839
945,589
1,253,753
2,538,235
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
3,709,662
3,465,291
2,817,042
5,462,836
0
0
0
1,250
7,955
7,551
8,450
266
594,575
503,273
530,157
458,318
0
0
0
0
631
490
1,236
52,550
0
0
0
112,091
4,312,823
3,976,605
3,356,885
6,087,311
Total
Transfers
Other Off-site for
Off-site Further Waste
Transfers Management
Rnnds Pounds
1
0
0
903,672
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,077
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
500
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
906549
9,906,210
9,300,472
8,816,566
NA
0
0
0
NA
16,150
12,492
12,073
NA
15,235,158
18,785469
17^03,656
NA
73,845
73,510
72,150
NA
159,866
129,595
86,357
NA
8,310
7,220
5,550
NA
25399,539
28,308,858
26,296352
NA
Note: Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers ofif-stte to disposal) of Form R Fornis with more than one-4-digst
SIC code within SIC code 29 ate assigned to the "Multiple" category.
*nee; not elsewhere classified
Figure 7-12 shows percentages changes by media
for 1988 to 1996.
Other On~slte Waste Management
Table 7-15 presents on-site waste management data
for the sector. (These data have been collected since
1991.)
Refineries reported a large increase in the amount
of TRI chemicals treated on-site between 1994 and
1996 (from 162.2 million pounds to 1.06 billion
pounds). The amount reported as energy recovery
dropped from 915.6 million pounds to 595.7
million pounds over the three-year period, while
on-site recycling increased from 67.3 million
pounds to 79.1 million pounds. Although the net
change for on-site waste management in SIC code
277
-------
Chapter 7— TRIOata for Petroleum Refining
2911 reporting was an increase of almost 600
million pounds over the three years, the total
dropped substantially in 1995.
Reported amounts by all other SIC code 29
industries do not approach those of SIC code 2911
for on-slte waste management, except for the
amount recycled on-site by miscellaneous
petroleum and coal products (SIC code 2999). This
industry reported 32,6 million pounds in 1994 and
zero in 1996 for on-site recycling (see Table 7-15).
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management
From 1994 to 1996, refineries had an increase in
reporting of transfers off-site for further waste
management of 1.1 million pounds, a 12.4%
increase. (Data for some types of off-site transfers
were not collected in 1988.) This increase was
primarily due to an 826,000-pound increase, since
1994, in the amount reported as transfers to
treatment The largest amounts reported in transfers
off-site for further waste management were in
transfers to recycling and to energy recovery by
lubricating oils and greases (SIC code 2992). This
industry reported a 1,3-million-pound decrease in
transfers to recycling between 1994 and 1996, an
8.5% decrease, and a 711,000-pound reduction in
transfers to energy recovery, 63.1% less than the
1994 amount (see Table 7-16).
Facilities with Large Increases and Decreases in
Releases, 1988-1996
AH facilities discussed hi this section reported in
SIC code 2911» petroleum refining,
Amoco Petroleum Products, in Texas City, Texas,
was the top facility for increases with an overall
increase of 2.7 million pounds in on- and off-site
releases from 1988 to 1996. This was largely due to
reporting of methanol in point source air emissions
in 1996 (zero pounds reported in 1988 and 2,2
million pounds in 1996). In 1996, several California
refineries researching Maximum Available Control
Technologies (MACT) under the Clean Air Act
discovered methanol to be a by-product of a
hydrogen production process that employs a low-
temperature Schiff-reaction catalyst. The Amoco
facility attributes its ranking as the top petroleum
refining facility for increases of on- and off-site
releases to the fact that other facilities engaged in
similar processes have not yet modified their
reporting to reflect these findings. No other facility
in this sector reported a comparable increase in total
on- and off-site releases.
Four of the top five facilities for decreases in total
on- and off-site releases reported significant
decreases in fugitive air emissions of methyl ethyl
ketone (MEK), The top facility for decreases, Sun
Company, Inc., in Tulsa, Oklahoma, credits
pollution prevention projects, including a study to
better assess fugitive losses, for the decrease. The
Sun Company facility also replaced open systems
with closed, "hard-pipe" systems, improved the
quality of gaskets in piping, and brought chillers
on-line to lower the vapor pressure of some volatile
chemicals. Methyl ethyl ketone reporting in fugitive
air emissions decreased between 1988 and 1996
from 1.8 million to 93,000 pounds at this facility,
part of its overall reduction of 2,8 million pounds in
releases.
BP Oil Company in Belle Chasse, Louisiana,
reported large reductions in fugitive air emissions
for four chemicals: xylene (mixed isomers),
benzene, toluene, and hydrogen fluoride between
1988 and 1996. The BP facility, ranked second in
decreases with a reduction of 2.3 million pounds,
treated wastewater containing aromatic compounds
(xylene, benzene, and toluene) in open ponds prior
to 1989. Evaporation of the volatile aromatic
compounds from the open ponds resulted in
significant fugitive air emissions. Establishment of
National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air
Pollutants (NESHAPs) for petroleum refineries in
August 1995, under the Clean Air Act, is one
regulatory development cited as influencing
decisions by many refineries, including the BP Oil
278
-------
facility, to switch from open pond/open ditch
wastewater treatment to closed systems. Another
regulation cited by BP Oil as encouraging this
change is the primary sludge rule (under the
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act), which
classifies sludge contaminated by petroleum
wastewater as hazardous waste.
The Belle Chasse BP facility also reduced hydrogen
fluoride point source air emissions by 550,000
pounds between 1988 and 1996. Acid-soluble oil
containing free hydrogen fluoride had been used as
a fuel in process heaters before passage of RCRA's
Boilers or Industrial Furnaces (BIF) rule (February
1991). Burning the acid-soluble oil in heaters
contributed to point source air emissions of
hydrogen fluoride. BP decided not to apply for a
BIF permit and instead employed a new system for
treating hydrogen fluoride that neutralizes
hydrofluoric acid.
Two of the top five facilities for decreases in
fugitive air emissions of both MEK and toluene
attributed their reductions to changes in their
solvent dewaxing systems. The MEK dewaxing
process involves use of a solvent mixture of MEK
and toluene to remove wax from lube oil feedstock.
The Mobil Oil Beaumont Refinery in Beaumont,
Texas, ranked third for decreases in total on- and
off-site releases, with an overall reduction of 2.0
million pounds. The facility's 1.4-million-pound
decrease in fugitive air emissions of MEK from
1988 to 1996 was largely the result of upgrades
made to the solvent dewaxing system. Farmland
Industries, Inc., in Coffeyville, Kansas, was fourth
for decreases (1.8 million pounds overall). The
facility reduced MEK and toluene fugitive air
emissions by 828,000 pounds, combined, by
eliminating the solvent dewaxing process
altogether. Farmland also replaced fixed-roof
toluene storage tanks with floating-roof tanks,
which contain vapors more efficiently. Ethylene
and propylene emissions from point air sources
were also significantly reduced at the Farmland
facility. Ethylene and propylene are produced as by-
Chapter 7— TRI Data for Petroleum Refining
products of catalytic cracking in crude oil refining.
The refinery stream containing these chemicals is
often used as a fuel gas. Farmland reduced point
source air emissions of these chemicals by
recovering the fuel gas to sell as product and by
improving its refining system so that more of the
chemicals are consumed in process.
The fifth-ranked facility for decreases, Star
Enterprises of Port Arthur, Texas, also reduced
fugitive air emissions of toluene (by 483,000
pounds) by switching to a closed wastewater
treatment system. The Star Enterprises facility had
an overall decrease of 1.7 million pounds.
1991-1996 Waste Management Data
for Petroleum Refining
Table 7-17 summarizes on-and off-site waste
management data for the petroleum refining sector
for 1991, when TRI began collecting this
information, and the three most recent years (1994-
1996). Total production-related waste increased
from 1.17 billion pounds to 1.81 billion pounds, an
increase of 54.7%. The largest increase was
reported in on-site treatment, from 107.9 million
pounds to 1.06 billion pounds. This amounted to a
ten-fold increase, or 956.6 million pounds. Figure
7-13 shows these changes. As noted later, one
refinery attributes its large increase in on-site
treatment to improved estimating methods rather
than to any change in actual quantities of TRI
chemicals in waste.
The largest reduction in waste management
occurred in on-site recycling, from 294.4 million
pounds in 1991 to 84.2 million pounds in 1996, a
71.4% decrease.
Facilities with Large Increases and Decreases
in Waste Management, 1991-1996
Chevron facilities ranked first and fourth for
increases in production-related waste. (All facilities
with large changes in production-related waste for
279
-------
Chapter 7— TRIData for Petroleum Refining
Table 7-17. TRJ Waste Management Data, 1991,1994-1996: Petroleum Refining, SIC Code 29
Waste Management Activity
Oft-fite Wptc Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-sile
Total On-site Waste Management
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-site
Total Off-site Waste Management
Quantity Released On» and Off-site
Toial Production-related Waste
Non- Production-related Waste
Waste Management Activity
On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-s!te
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Total On-site Waste Management
OR-fit? Waste Management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-site
Total Off-site Waste Management
Quantity Released On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
Non» Production-related Waste
1991
Pounds
294,400,808
693,949,563
107,896,271.
1,096,246,642
6,561,837
1,515,956
5,028,307
13,106,100
62,053,552
1,171,406,294
157,986
Change
1994-1995
Percent
2.3
-38.7
53.1
-22.0
9.9
-59.7
9.7
6.5
-7.0
-20.9
-13.6
1994
Pounds
112,965,582
918,442,566
167,933,107
1,199,341,255
20,793,547
1,285,326
4,516,539
26,595,412
46,201,530
1,272,138,197
400,639
Change
1995-1996
Percent
-272
5.9
314.1
86.5
-19,2
22.9
259
-10,5
-1,5
800
3689
1995
Pounds
115,528,019
562,955,277
257,072,989
935,556,285
22,849,324
517,997
4,952,864
28,320,185
42,981,272
1,006,837,742
346,033
Change
1991-1996
Percent
-71.4
-14.1
886.6
592
181.3
-580
24.0
93.3
-31.8
54.7
927.0
1996
Pounds
84,154,943
596,112,342
1,064,502,499
1,744,769,784
18,461,203
636,870
6,234,577
25,332,650
42,318,869
1,812,421,303
1,622,512
^
Note; Does not include sMisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994 and 1995, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfliric aad. Data from Section 8 of Form R
(Current Year, Column B) of year indicated.
280
-------
Chapter!— TRIData for Petroleum Refining
1,000
-200
Recycled Biergy Treated
On-site Recovery On-site
On-ste
On-site Waste Management
Recycled
Off-site
Biergy
Recovery
Off-site
Treated
Off-site
Off-site Waste Management
Quantity Total
Released Ftoduction-
On- and related
Off-site Waste
Figure 7-13. Percentage Change in Quantities of TRI Chemicals in
Waste, 1991-1996; Petroleum Refining (SIC Code 29)
Note: Does not include deHsted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994 and 1995, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and swlfiiric acid Data from Section 8 of Form
E (Current Year, Column B) of year indicated
1991-1996 reported in SIC code 2911, except the
facility discussed at the end of this section). Both
Chevron facilities reported large increases in
aromatic hydrocarbons treated on-site. Chevron
Products in Richmond, California, had the largest
increases in on-site treatment for toluene (174.9
million pounds), m-xylene (158.4 million pounds),
1,2,4-Mmethylbenzene (125.2 million pounds), and
naphthalene (124.2 million pounds). These
chemicals comprised 71.8% of the facility's overall
811.6-million-pound increase in total production-
related waste. Chevron USA Products in Salt Lake
City, Utah, reported increases in on-site treatment
of mixed isomers of xylene (24.0 million pounds),
toluene (20.0 million pounds), and 1,2,4-
trimethylbenzene (14.0 million pounds). This
represented 81,3% of the facility's overall increase
of 71.4 million pounds. All of these aromatic
hydrocarbons are formed in petroleum refining
processes. One such process, catalytic reforming, is
intended to increase the octane of automobile
gasoline. Catalytic cracking, another process where
these aromatic compounds are formed, breaks down
("cracks") large organic molecules into smaller
ones.
The Richmond Chevron facility noted that the
reported increases of toluene, m-xylene, 1,2,4-
trimethylbenzene, and naphthalene in on-site
treatment did not represent actual increases in the
amounts of these chemicals in the wastewater;
rather, the estimation techniques for calculating
chemical quantities removed in Chevron's on-site
wastewater treatment unit have improved, resulting
in significantly different reported amounts.
The facilities with the second, third, and fifth
largest increases in total production-related waste
all reported significant increases in ethylene and
propylene. These two chemicals are formed in the
catalytic cracking process and are later partially
281
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Chapter 7— TRIData for Petroleum Refining
consumed in process. Each of the three facilities—
Coastal Eagle Point Oil Company, Westville, New
Jersey (177.4-million-pound increase), Mobil Oil
Paulsboro Refinery, Paulsboro, New Jersey (128.9
million pounds), and Total Petroleum, Inc..,
Ardmore, Oklahoma (53.9 million pounds)—
attribute changes in the reported amounts of
ethylene and propylene to a difficulty in applying
TRI reporting guidelines to chemicals that are
formed in process and partially consumed in
process. The facilities also cited a lack of
information on how to estimate the amount of these
chemicals in refinery streams.
Propylene and ethylene were the chemicals largely
responsible for facilities with rankings as the first,
third, fourth, and fifth in decreases of production-
related waste. The National Cooperative Refinery
Association facility in McPherson, Kansas, ranked
first with a 303.3-million-pound decrease in
production-related waste. This facility reduced the
amount of propylene and ethylene burned for
energy recovery (sent as constituents of fuels to
process heaters) by improving its method of
"splitting" (or separating) lighter from
refinery streams so they can be used in product.
Energy-recovery quantities of the two chemicals
were reduced by a combined 303.5 million pounds.
The facility with the third largest decreases, Arco
Products Company in Carson, California (124.2
million pounds), stopped reporting individual
components of process fuel gases as energy
recovery after 1994. The Arco facility reported
123.0 million pounds of propylene and ethyleae in
energy recovery, combined, in 1991. In 1996 the
total for both chemicals was 1.2 million pounds.
The fourth-ranked facility, Sinclair Oil Corporation,
in Sinclair, Wyoming, reported 54 million pounds
of propylene and ethylene in energy recovery in
1991 and zero pounds for both in 1996. Its overall
reduction for 1991-1996 was 55.8 million pounds.
1 Ttoe are no TRI regulatoiy definitions of recycling. Facilities may use
their own Interpretations forpuiposes of reporting to TRI. Changes in
these interpretations do not represent a change in guidance by EPA on how
tttKport recycling,
282
Quaker State Corporation in Newell, West Virginia
(multiple codes 2911 and 2992), reported a 99.8-
million-pound decrease for methyl ethyl ketone and
a 99.7-million-pound decrease for toluene from
1991 to 1996, both primarily in on-site recycling.
The change in reporting was the result of a change
in the facility's interpretation of recycling. The two
chemicals, solvents in the facility's dewaxing
system, were previously considered to be recycled
each time they were fed back into the dewaxing
process. The Quaker State facility no longer reports
this "turn-over" as recycling.1 This facility was
second for decreases in production-related waste,
with a 199.5-million-pound reduction.
Other Apparent Increases and Becreases in
Waste Management, 1991-1996
In the TRI database, there are other facilities with
large apparent increases and decreases, which have
been identified as reporting errors or plant closures.
Because these are errors or plant closures and not
actual changes in the data, these facilities are not
discussed in detail here. There is one such facility
in petroleum refining:
Seadrift Coke L,P., Seadrift, Texas, decrease of
46.8 million pounds, reporting error.
Facilities Contacted for Explanations
(alphabetical by facility):
Amoco Petroleum Products, Texas City,
Texas: L. G. KuchinsM, March 9,1998
(explanation provided)
Arco Products Company, Carson, California: Josh
Miller, March 9,1998 (explanation provided)
BP Oil Company, Belle Chasse, Louisiana: Randy
Borne, March 11,1998 (explanation provided)
Chevron Products, Richmond, CA: Troy M.
Ho well, March 9-12, 1998 (explanation provided)
Chevron USA Products, Salt Lake City (no
explanation provided)
Coastal Eagle Point Oil Company, Westville, New
Jersey: P. Dziubinski, March 9,1998 (explanation
provided)
-------
Farmland Industries, Inc., Coffeyville, Kansas:
Barrel Stonecipher, March 10,1998 (explanation
provided)
Mobil Oil Beaumont Refinery, Beaumont, Texas:
S.T. Stirling, March 9,1998 (explanation provided)
Mobil Oil Paulsboro Refinery, Paulsboro, New
Jersey: Paul Taylor, March 10, 1998 (explanation
provided)
National Cooperative Refinery Association,
McPherson, Kansas: Steven Cater, March 9,1998
(explanation provided)
Quaker State Corporation, Newell, West Virginia:
Ronald Ryan, March 9, 1998 (explanation
provided)
Chapter 7— TRI Data for Petroleum Refining
Seadrift Coke L.P., Seadrift, Texas: Emmanuel
Oladoyin, March 9,1998 (explanation provided)
Star Enterprises, Port Arthur, Texas: Becky
Demetre, March 10, 1998 (explanation provided)
Sinclair Oil Corp. Sinclair, Wyoming (could not be
reached for comment)
Sun Company, Inc., Tulsa, Oklahoma: Sidney
Cabbiness, March 11,1998 (explanation provided)
Total Petroleum, Inc., Ardmore, Oklahoma: Darcy
Jordan, March 11, 1998 (explanation provided)
Sources
Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget, Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987-
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes and industry descriptions.
U.S Industry & Trade Outlook 'PS.DRI/MeGraw Hill, Standard & Poor's, and U.S. Department of Commerce,
International Trade Administration, 1998: economic analyses, also provides some information on environment and
industrial processes for selected industries.
U.S. Census Bureau, 1996 Annual Survey of Manufactures. Statistics for Industry Groups and Industries, M96{AS}-1,
February 1998 value of shipments and employment.
Supplemental data from U.S. Census Bureau for some industries
U.S Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance, Office of Compliance, Profile
of the Petroleum Refining Industry, Sector Notebook Project, EPA/310-R-95-013, September 1995 industry processes and technologies, pollutant sources, and selected economic data
283
-------
Chapter 7-— TRI Data for Petrol&um Refining
284
-------
Chapter 8
Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary
Metals (SIC Code 33)
A Look at the Primary
Metal Industries
(SIC Code 33)
The primary metal industries, Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC) code 33, smelt and refine ferrous
and nonfenxms metals from ore, pig (crude iron cast
in blocks or "pigs"), or scrap. This sector rolls, draws,
and alloys metals, manufactures castings and other
basic metal products, and makes nails, spikes, and
insulated wire and cable. This group also includes
coke production. Box 8-1 lists Standard Industrial
Classification codes for the primary metals sector. In
TRI, SIC codes are given as reported by the facilities;
these may differ from information in economic and
other data collections.
In 1996, primary metal industries shipped $178.30
billion (in current dollars) in products and employed
687,400. Both measures represented a decrease from
1995, when the value of shipments was $180.31
(in current dollars) billion and employment totaled
685,800. Overall, the sector lost 61% of its
employment and 58% of its facilities from 1977 to
1992. From 1989 to 1991, production in primary
metals (SIC code 33) fell more sharply (7.8%) than
for U.S. manufacturing as a whole (2.8%). (See
Chapter 4S Table 4-10). In the following years,
production levels rose in both the primary metal
industries and U.S. manufacturing overall, although
the primary metals sector has not been able to catch
up with the overall improvement. The net increase in
production for primary metals from 1989 to 1996 was
11.6%; for U.S. manufacturing as a whole, the
increase was 17.6%.
Steel and aluminum are economically the most
important products of this sector. Production of these
and other metals varies strikingly with changing
economic conditions, and also from one metal to
another. SIC code designations also organize these
industries differently. Steel production encompasses
steel works, blast furnaces, and rolling and finishing
mills (SIC code 331) and iron and steel foundries (SIC
code 332). Steel mills in SIC code 331 may produce
steel from iron ore or from iron and steel scrap.
Production of nonferrous metals—copper, aluminum.,
and others such as zinc, lead, titanium, and more—
involves primary smelting and refining (SIC code
333), secondary smelting and refining from scrap and
waste (SIC code 334), rolling, drawing, and extruding
(SIC code 335), and foundries (SIC code 336).
Steel
Steel (SIC code 331) shipped $74.55 billion in
products in 1996, employing 221,000. Iron and steel
285
-------
I*
A^MChapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Box 8-1. SIC Code 33, Primary Metal Industries: Codes and Classifications
SIC Code
Industry Description
331 Slccl Works, Blast Furnaces, and
Rolling and Finishing Mills
3312 Steel Works, Blast Furnaces
(Including Coke Ovens), and Rolling Mills
3313 ElectromGiallurgical Products, Except Steel
3315 Steel Wiredrawing and Steel Nails and Spikes
3316 Cold-Rolled Steel Sheet, Strip, and Bats
3317 Steel PipcandTubcs
332 Iron and Steel Foundries
3321 Gray and Ductile Iron Foundries
3322 Malleable Iron Foundries
3324 Stecllnvestment Foundries
3325 Steel Foundries, nee*
333 Primary Smelling, Refining of Nonferrous Metals
3331 Primary Smelting and Refining of Copper
3334 Primary Production of Aluminum
3339 Primary Smelting and Refining of Nonferrous
Metals, Except Copper and Aluminum
334 Secondary Smelting, Refining of Nonferrous Metals
3341 Sccondaiy Smelting and Refining
of Nonferrous Metals
335 Rolling, Drawing, Extruding of Nonferrous Metals
3351 Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding of Copper
3353 Aluminum Sheet, Plate, and Foil
3354 Aluminum Extruded Products
3355 Aluminum Rolling and Drawing, nee*
3356 Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding of Nonferrous
Metals, Except Copper and Aluminum
3357 Drawing and Insulating of Nonferrous Wire
Manufacture of hot metal, pig iron, and silvery pig iron from iron ore
and iron and steel scrap Conversion of pig iron, scrap iron, and scrap
steel into steel Hot rolling of iron and steel into basic shapes, such as plates,
sheets, strips, rods, bars and tubing
Manufacture of ferro and nonfenous metal additive alloys by electro-
metallurgical ormetaUothennic processes
Drawing wire from purchased iron or steel rods, bars, or wire (may include
further manufacture of products from wire) Manuiacture of steel nails and spikes
from purchased materials
Cold-rolling of steel sheets and strip ftom purchase of hot-rolled sheets Cold-
drawing of steel bars and steel shapes from purchased hot-rolled steel bars.
Production of other cold-finished steel
Production of welded or seamless steel pipe and tubes and heavy nveted steel
pipe from purchased materials
Manufacture of gray and ductile iron castings, including cast iron pressure and
soil pipes and fittings
Manufacture of malleable iroa castings.
Manufacture of steel investment castings
Manufacture of miscellaneous steel castings
Smelting copper from ore Refining copper by electrolytic or other processes
Production of aluminum from alumina Refining aluminum by any process
Smelting and refining nonferrous metals, except copper and aluminum
Recovery of nonferrous metals and alloys from new and used scrap and dross.
Production of alloys from purchased refined materials Includes recovery and
alloying of precious metals Includes recovery of tin through secondary
smelting and refining, as well
Rolling, drawing, and extruding copper, brass, bronze, and other copper base
alloy basic shapes, such as plate, sheet, stnp, bar, and tubing
Flat rolling of aluminum and aluminum-base alloy basic shapes, such, as sheet,
plate, and foil, including production of welded tube Includes production of
similar products by continuous casting
Extruding aluminum and aluminum-base alloy basic shapes, such as rod and bar,
pipe and tube, and tube blooms. Includes production of tube by drawing
Rolling, drawing, and other operations resulting in production of aluminum
ingot, including extrusion ingot, and miscellaneous aluminum and aluminum-
base alloy basic shapes, such as rolled and continuous cast rod and bar
Rolling, drawing, and extruding noaferrous metals other than copper and
aluminum
Drawing, drawing and insulating, and insulating wire and cable of nonferrous
metals from purchased wire bars, rods, or wire Includes manufacture of
insulated fiber opttc cable
*ncc: not else where classified
286
-------
Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Box 8-1. SIC Code 33, Primary Metal Industries: Codes and Classifications, Continued
SIC Code
Industry Description
336 Nonferrous Foundries
3363 Aluminum Die-Castings
3364 Nonferrous Die-Castings, Except Aluminum
3365 Aluminum Foundries
3366 Copper Foundries
3369 Nonferrous Foundries, Except Aluminum
and Copper
339 Miscellaneous Primary Metal Products
3398 Metal Heat Treating
3399 Primary Metal Products, nee*
Manufacture of die-castings of aluminum (including alloys)
Manufacture of nonferrous metal die-castings, except aluminum
Manufacture of aluminum (including alloys) castings, except die-castings.
Manufacture of copper (including alloys) castings, except die-castings
Manufacture of nonferrous metal castings (including alloys), except all die-
castings and other castings of aluminum or copper.
Heat treating of metal for the trade.
Manufacture of miscellaneous primary metal products, such as nonferrous
nails, spikes, brads, and metal powder, flakes, and paste
Source: Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget, Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987 Standard Industrial Classification
SIC) codes and industry descriptions
*nec: not elsewhere classified
foundries (SIC code 332) recorded $15.94 billion
in shipments, with employment of 128,200. Steel
production thus accounted for half the sector's total
in both value of shipments and employment.
Demand for steel is increasing in parts of the
developing world, especially Southeast Asia, and in
South America, where growing demand is
attributed to economic reform. In the developed
world, demand for steel is relatively stable,
although, as mature economies continue to grow,
they tend to consume less steel. In countries of the
former Soviet Union, demand for steel in 1996 was
only 40% of its 1991 level. In the United States,
steel consumption peaked in 1973, plummeted in
the 1980s and has partly recovered in the 1990s. By
1996, U.S. steel consumption had reached a level 33%
higher than in 1986.
The largest market for steel is motor vehicles, and
world trade in that market affects domestic steel
production: imported cars are not made with U.S.
steel. Lighter materials continue to compete with.
steel for motor vehicle content, where they help
automakers meet fuel efficiency standards and
reduce costs, but steel content has in fact been
increasing. Construction is the steel industry's
second-largest market, and a growing one.
According to an American Institute of Steel
Construction survey, steel increased from 37% to
58% of commercial building construction in the
United States (measured by the square foot) from
1990 to 1995.
Important technological changes have occurred in
the steel industry over the last two decades. The
economic decline that hit the industry, shutting
down mills and putting steelworkers out of their
jobs, largely affected the older, integrated mills—
those that produce steel from raw materials (coal,
iron ore, as well as scrap steel). Minimills, which
produce steel from scrap using electric arc furnaces,
expanded during this period.
Recent technological change has focused on the
minimills. In 1989, Nucor Corporation brought on
line the first thin slab caster/flat rolling mill. This
gave minimills the ability to produce low-cost flat-
rolled steel, and minimills have since accounted for
most of the U.S. added capacity in fiat-rolled steel.
(Flat-rolled steel represents nearly 60% of U.S.
domestic steel shipments.) The minimills' need for
quality scrap is expected to exceed supplies. This is
one factor driving further technological change in
the industry; another is the need to replace
antiquated coke ovens, a major pollution source.
Thus, further development in the industry now
centers on extracting iron from iron ore without use
of coke.
287
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Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Table 8-1. Summary of TRI Information by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996: Primary Metals, SIC Code 33
Total Total
On-and Production-
Oflf-slte related
Releases Waste
Rank Rank
3
7
14
11
13
5
24
2S
8
4
10
I
6
IS
16
20
26
15
9
23
28
17
21
22
19
12
2
27
2
8
16
11
12
10
27
24
13
7
9
3
4
5
14
20
28
19
6
15
26
22
18
21
23
17
1
25
SIC
Code
3312
3313
3315
3316
3317
3321
3322
3324
3325
3331
3334
3339
3341
3351
3353
3354
3355
3356
3357
3363
3364
3365
3366
3369
3398
3399
Total
Industry Facilities
Number
Blast Furnaces & Steel Mills
Blectrometallurgical Products
Steel Wire & Related Products
Cold Finishing of Steel Shapes
Steel Pipe & Tubes
Gray & Ductile Iron Foundries
Malleable Iron Foundries
Steel Investment Foundries
Steel Foundries, nee*
Primary Copper
Primary Aluminum
Primary Nonferrous Metals, nee*
Secondary Nonfenous Metals
Copper Rolling & Drawing
Aluminum Sheet, Plate, & Foil
Aluminum Extruded Products
Aluminum Rolling & Drawing, nee*
Nonferrous Rolling & Drawing, nee*
Nonferrous Wiredrawing
& Insulating
Aluminum Die-castings
Nonferrous Die-casting
Exe, Aluminum
Aluminum Foundries
Copper Foundries
Nonferrous Foundries, nee*
Metal Heat Treating
Primary Metal Products, nee*
Multiple within SIC 33
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 33
Total for SIC Code 33
147
13
78
41
67
193
5
34
102
6
19
25
163
68
21
59
2
40
152
76
14
42
57
49
112
96
198
23
1,902
Total
Forms Form As
Number Number
1,093
51
224
146
230
740
22
96
383
48
93
96
519
150
97
173
4
126
519
158
22
98
132
136
161
260
784
42
6,603
47
1
24
8
13
76
2
16
39
0
14
6
44
11
1
12
0
5
6
7
4
10
10
6
26
21
55
1
465
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
55,726,602
22,621,521
1,818,968
4,445,071
2,750,234
22,733,313
76,132
140,150
6,836,197
39,081,603
9,192,498
134,839,282
7,029,167
1,184,606
1,946,393
1,032,570
69,633
2,105,783
2,836,932
539,478
10,609
461,684
340,898
304,079
855,677
2,269,788
72,104,755
30,576
393,384,201
Total
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
59,881,420
141,236
1,117,464
1,788,877
796,681
11,158,050
150,260
51,741
9,248,779
1,418,270
1,125,887
4,250,840
16,755,093
200,096
312,365
79,187
0
719,723
11,032,346
145,953
8,291
1,015,373
753,939
689,713
405,056
1,334,337
46,565,361
4,644
171,150,982
Total
On-and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
115,608,022
22,762,757
2,936,432
6,233,948
3,546,915
33,891,365
226,392
191,891
16,084,976
40,499,873
10,318,385
139,090,122
23,784,260
1,384,702
2,258,758
1,111,757
69,633
2,825,506
13,869,278
685,431
18,900
1,477,057
1,094,837
993,792
1,260,733
3,604,125
118,670,116
35,220
564,535,183
Note: On-slte Releases from Section 5 of Form R. On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to
disposal) of Form R, Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R. Total
Production-related Waste sums Section 8 (Current Year, Column B) of Form R, except Non-productlon-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic incidents).
Facilities/forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 20 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*ncc not elsewhere classified.
Traditional steelmaking begins with making coke
and making iron. Coke ovens heat coal., in the
absence of oxygen, at high temperatures, to produce
coke, which will supply fuel and carbon in the next
stage. Coke, iron ore, and limestone are heated in a
blast furnace, to produce pig iron. Finally, molten
iron from the blast furnace is combined with flux
and scrap steel in a basic oxygen furnace, where
high-purity oxygen is injected. With subsequent
forming and finishing operations, this process
constitutes fully integrated production. Minimills,
however, melt and refine scrap steel in an electric
arc furnace, by passing electric current through the
scrap. Both traditional mills and minimills produce
molten steel, which is formed into ingots or slabs.
These are rolled (with or without reheating,
cleaning, and coating) into finished products.
288
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Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Table 8-1. Summary of TRI Information by 4-digit SIC Code, 1998: Primary Metals, SIC Code 33, Continued
t
SIC
Code
3312
3313
3315
3316
3317
3321
3322
3324
3325
3331
3334
3339
3341
3351
3353
3354
3355
3356
3357
3363
3364
3365
3366
3369
3398
3399
Industry
Blast Furnaces & Steel Mills
Electrometallurgical Products
Steel Wire & Related Products
Cold Finishing of Steel Shapes
Steel Pipe & Tubes
Gray & Ductile Iron Foundries
Malleable Iron Foundries
Steel Investment Foundries
Steel Foundries, nee*
Primary Copper
Primary Aluminum
Primary Nonferrous Metals, nee*
Secondary Nonferrous Metals
Copper Rolling & Drawing
Aluminum Sheet, Plate, & Foil
Aluminum Extruded Products
Aluminum Rolling & Drawing, nee*
Nonferrous Rolling & Drawing, nee*
Nonferrous Wiredrawing
& Insulating
Aluminum Die-castings
Nonferrous Die-casting
Exc. Aluminum
Aluminum Foundries
Copper Foundries
Nonferrous Foundries, nee*
Metal Heat Treating
Primary Metal Products, nee*
Multiple within SIC 33
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 33
Total for SIC Code 33
Total Other
On-site Waste
Management
Pounds
205,965,896
104,044,559
13,358,482
24,452,828
40,928,854
20,842,781
0
1,287,468
24,056,101
63,441,113
80,086,665
400,129,325
436,069,665
326,276,386
40,646,605
9,924,938
29,000
9,966,542
36,181,666
30^45,599
226,487
5,831,280
18,270,757
8,253,326
2,739,203
21,871,641
842,007,107
663,664
2,768,097,938
Total Transfers
Off-site for
Further Waste
Management
Pounds
314,485,847
1,608,095
13,899,744
30,464,657
14379,110
8,021,377
119,741
2,771,308
5,237,799
51,468,853
2,733,344
3,133,791
46,367,308
38,285,160
3,999,555
3,681,182
24,945
4,642,462
182,152,735
9,913,790
518,487
1,838,7*4
6,807,397
4,779^27
818,364
4,028,179
118,645,496
1,171,843
875,998,680
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
628,035,453
129,275,720
29,749,282
61,180,242
60,001,800
62,253,862
356,713
4,635,688
46,717,710
154,109,859
93,154,004
542,169,117
505,109,702
378,004,591
46,614,936
14,901,594
123,618
15,871,121
230,676,573
42,609,575
763,482
10,053,782
27,216,087
13,523,812
5,114,086
29,729,019
1,050,163,029
1,977,215
4,184,091,672
Non-
production-
related
Waste
Pounds
322,543
0
36,200
90,536
851
48,057
0
0
21
704,205
32,371
8,729
31,532
27
25
0
0
3,652
25,806
0
0
0
0
12
1,087
12,764
14,070,685
0
15,389,103
Note On-stte Releases from Section 5 of Form R, On-site Waste Management fiom Section 8 of Form R Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to
disposal) of Form R.TotaI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R
Total Production-related Waste sums Section 8 (Current Year, Column B) of Form R, except Non-produetion-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic
incidents) Facilities/forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 33 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
*nec not elsewhere classified
Aluminum, Copper, Lead, Zinc, and
Other Nonferrous Metals
Nonferrous rolling and drawing (SIC code 335)—
that is, production of basic shapes (plate, sheet,
strip, foil, etc.) of copper and aluminum—was the
third largest industry group in SIC code 33. This
industry group had $48.82 billion in shipments in
1996 and employment of 162,300. Dissolution of
the Soviet Union had an even greater impact on the
aluminum industry than on steel, as Russian
demand collapsed but Russian production
continued. By 1995, the aluminum industry in
Russia and worldwide appeared to have absorbed
and adjusted to these changes.
Primary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals
(SIC code 333) had $15.42 billion in value of
shipments in 1996, employing 34,900. This SIC
code includes copper (SIC code 3331), aluminum
(SIC code 3334), and miscellaneous nonferrous
metals (SIC code 3339). Miscellaneous primary
289
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Chapter 8 — Tbxfcs Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
nonferrous metals production (SIC code 3339)
includes lead and zinc. Although SIC code 333
represents a relatively small segment of the primary
metals sector, TRI reporting in this group is
significant, as seen in the analyses in this chapter.
Use of aluminum in auto manufacture is rising,
and this use overtook containers and packaging in
1994 as aluminum's largest end-use. That was also
the year that U.S. production of aluminum cans
peaked, at 100 billion units. Virtually all beer and
soda cans are now aluminum, and growth in the
aluminum container business now depends on
growth in beverage consumption. Cool summers
were a limiting influence in 1995 and 1996. Copper
use is also increasing in automobile manufacture,
and it is important in airplane construction, but its
primary use is in electrical wiring. The lead market
is dominated by one major use: manufacture of
lead-acid batteries. Such batteries accounted for
81% of U.S. lead consumption in 1992 and 86%
in 1996. The second largest use is ammunition.
Galvanizing accounts for more than half of zinc
consumption; the automotive and construction
industries represent large and growing markets for
galvanized steel. Zinc is also used in alloys for die
casting and in brass and bronze products.
Processes vary for aluminum, copper, and other
metals such as zinc and lead, but metal refining and
smelting operations commonly generate slag,
sludge, and wastewater that bear pollutants,
including metals and metal compounds.
Other Environmental Issues
Energy costs represent about one fifth of the cost of
producing steel, and steelmaking may depend on
coalj electricity, natural gas, or oil. Integrated
producers (in contrast to minimills) depend on coal
for 60% of their energy. Electricity represents one-
third of the cost of smelting aluminum—and about
half of that electricity comes from coal-fired power
plants. Because metal production is energy-
intensive, limitations on emissions under
consideration in support of the United Nations
Framework Convention for Climate Change could
have significant future impact on this sector.
Another factor for steelmakers has been the Clean
Air Act Amendments of 1990, requiring substantial
reductions in coke oven emissions of carcinogens
(effective in 1993).
Aluminum and steel are now widely recycled.
Recycling accounts for more than one third
(34.8%) of the U.S. aluminum supply, according to
the Aluminum Association, Inc., and 62.8 billion
aluminum cans were recycled in 1996. Steel is the
material most recycled in the United States, with an
overall recycling rate of 65.2%, according to the
Steel Recycling Institute. Not only cans—
aluminum and steel—but also steel from
automobiles, appliances, and construction products
is recycled. Minimills described above depend on
such scrap for raw material.
1996 TRI Data for Primary
Metals
Table 8-1 summarizes TRI data for primary metals
production (SIC code 33) by four-digit SIC code,
for 1996. The sector submitted 6,603 TRI forms for
the year. Seven percent of these were Form A
certification statements, certifying that a chemical's
annual reportable amount was less than 500 pounds
for the year and that the facility did not
manufacture, process, or otherwise use more than 1
million pounds. This is a lower percentage of Form
A certification statement submissions than in TRI
overall (10.1% of all TRI forms). (The Form A
certification statement is explained in Chapter 1.)
Blast furnaces and steel mills (SIC code 3312)
submitted the largest number of forms, 1,093. The
second largest number was for forms with more
than one SIC code within SIC code 33, the
"multiple-codes" category, explained below, with
784. Gray and ductile iron foundries (SIC code
3321) were third with 740.
290
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Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Table 8-2. Multiple SIC Codes, 1996; Primary Metals, SIC Code 33
Total
SIC Codes Forms Form As
Number Number
3312
3312
3312
3313
3315
3321
3321
3324
3324
3331
3334
3334
3339
3339
3339
3341
3341
3341
3341
3341
3341
3341
3341
3341
3351
3351
3365
3365
3316
3317 3325
3398
3341
3398
3322 3365
3365
3365 3366
3369
3351
3341
3355
3341
3351
3356
3351 3366
3351 3398
3353
3355
3356 3399
3363 3365 3398
3369
3398
3399
3356
3357
3366
3369
Total for SIC Code 33
2
67
6
1
27
4
4
1
84
78
76
158
1
3
195
5
3
1
9
1
1
10
17
2
3
1
1
12
784
0
7
1
0
0
0
0
0
7
5
3
14
0
0
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
1
0
2
0
4
55
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
208,000
1,576,445
94
0
7,569,264
113,108
44,965
0
19,006,666
5,648,284
17,365,498
10,417,316
130
483,358
7,863,405
257,031
194,620
297,000
424,998
660
255
1,791
328,694
7,352
223,079
0
392
257
72,104,755
Total
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
250
10,001
0
0
4,046,643
0
668
34,500
5,405,824
2,566,775
33,153,259
549,476
6,700
1,410
787,643
0
0
0
0
0
0
746
0
0
0
72,093
0
1,466
46,565,361
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
208,250
1,586,446
94
0
11,615,907
113,108
45,633
34,500
24,412,490
8,215,059
50,518,757
10,966,792
6,830
484,768
8,651,048
257,031
194,620
297,000
424,998
660
255
2,537
328,694
7,352
223,079
0
392
1,723
118,670,116
Total Transfers
Total Other Off-site for
On-site Waste Further Waste
Management Management
Pounds Pounds
0
6,615,064
55,770
198,100
9,247,284
86,000
0
9,505
14,975,250
4,985,475
13,700,289
239,829,255
0
232,200
48,823,168
0
465,400
3,900,014
7,480,000
0
0
41,860
489,186,772
5,200
0
72,093
392
0
842,007,107
0
680,305
22,785
0
10,021,121
480
41,819
0
11,920,298
7,478,086
39,830,592
40,078,491
4,000
69,437
7,467,265
94,633
16,070
6,800
567,475
0
0
277,040
1,402
94
12,580
2,170,109
17
9,205
118,645,496
Total
ProduefioH-
relaleil
Waste
Pounds
208,000
9,524,603
78,881
198,100
30,714,128
199,610
87,603
44,005
51,230,368
20,667,029
88,486,538
277,147,110
10,500
734,226
64,762,389
343,264
672,520
4,204,914
8,476,124
660
27
320,495
489,506,136
12,646
235,659
45,501
818
10,744
1,050,163,029
Non-
Prodiietton-
related
Waste
Pounds
0
0
0
0
1,423,000
0
0
0
2,020,890
394,011
10,202,698
27,362
260
0
1,672
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
792
0
0
2,285,9320
0
0
14,070,685
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R Off-site Releases are transfers off-
site to disposal from Section 6 of Form R Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 of Form R Total Production-related Waste
sums Section 8 of Form R, except Non-produetion-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic incidents).
Miscellaneous primary nonferrous metals (SIC
code 3339) had the largest total on- and off-site
releases in SIC code 33, with 139.1 million pounds.
It also had the largest on-site releases (134.8
million pounds). This industry smelts and refines
nonferrous metals other than copper and aluminum;
its products include lead and zinc. Blast furnaces
and steel mills (SIC code 3312) had the largest off-
site releases (59.9 million pounds) and the largest
off-site waste management (314.5 million pounds
transferred off-site for further waste management).
This industry was second or third in other
categories given in Table 8-1.
Multiple Codes within SIC Code 33
Forms with more than one four-digit SIC code
within SIC code 33 represent a significant segment
of primary metals reporting in TRI. Many primary
metals facilities conduct related, but distinct,
operations, that are classified separately in the
Standard Industrial Classification system. For
example, steel mills (SIC code 3312) may also
manufacture steel pipe (SIC code 3317). Smelters
of some nonferrous metals may engage in both
primary smelting (producing the metal from ore or
other raw materials) and secondary smelting
(producing the metal from scrap and dross). These
activities have separate SIC codes (for example,
SIC code 3334 and SIC code 3341 for aluminum).
Refiners and smelters may also further process the
metal they produce. A primary lead smelter (SIC
code 3339), for example, may also produce lead in
basic shapes, such as bars, pipes, plates, rods,
sheets, and others (SIC code 3356). Such facilities
report on each TRI form all the SIC codes that
describe the operations associated with releases and
291
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Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Table 8-3. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996: Primary Metals, SIC Code 33 (in Rank Order)
On-site Land Releases
SIC
Code
3339
33I2
3331
3321
3341
3313
332S
3357
3334
3316
3399
3317
33IS
3356
3353
3365
3351
3398
3354
3366
3369
3363
3322
3324
3355
3364
Industry
Primary Nonrcrrous Metals, nee*
Multiple within SIC 33
Blast Furnaces & Steel Mills
Primary Copper
Gray & Ductile Iron Foundries
Secondary Nonferrous Metals
Elcclromctallurgical Products
Slecl Foundries, ncc*
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
71,751,734
16,889,530
12,702,728
2,620,634
6,034,095
2,574,542
5,517,982
1,542,091
Nonrcrrous Wiredrawing & Insulating 2,81 1,181
Primary Aluminum
Cold Finishing of Steel Shapes
Primary Metal Products, nee*
Steel Pipe & Tubes
Steel Wire & Related Products
Nonfcrrous Rolling & Drawing, nee*
Aluminum Sheet, Plate, & Foil
Aluminum Foundries
Copper Rolling & Drawing
Metal Heat Treating
Aluminum Extruded Products
Copper Foundries
Nonfcrrous Foundries, nee*
Aluminum Die-castings
Malleable Iron Foundries
Steel Investment Foundries
Aluminum Rolling & Drawing, nee*
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 33
Nonfcrrous Die-casting Exc.
Aluminum
9,172,654
440,045
1,786,500
2,566,973
1,695,031
406,935
1,900,396
436,581
694,187
855,640
1,017,031
197,923
263,825
534,584
40,240
118,499
69,633
29,151
10,519
Towl for SIC Code 33 1 44,680,864
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
42,739
5,950,092
20,561,293
5,000
27,971
119,311
1,040,031
6,143
2,680
7,379
3,686,484
9,962
133,602
12,478
48,433
43,497
528
260,324
37
15,530
1,797
292
61
11,770
836
0
573
0
31,988,843
Underground Injection RCRA
Class I Class II- Subtitle C
Wells V Wells Landfills
Pounds Pounds Pounds
0
0
613,200
251,535
0
65,672
0
0
0
0
250
4
0
0
113
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
930,779
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
12,550,133
8,845,161
0
75,497
92,774
0
2,652
0
9,205
305,800
3,904
6,964
83,104
0
0
0
92,762
0
0
122,073
2,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
22,192,029
Other On-
site Land
Releases
Pounds
63,044,809
36,715,000
13,004,220
36,204,434
16,595,752
4,176,868
16,063,508
5,285,311
23,071
3,260
12,492
469,418
42,695
28,355
1,650,302
2,500
24,575
137,333
0
4
19,105
37,962
4,833
24,122
20,815
0
852
90
193,591,686
Total
On-slte
Releases
Pounds
134,839,282
72,104,755
55,726,602
39,081,603
22,733,315
7,029,167
22,621,521
6,836,197
2,836,932
9,192,498
4,445,071
2,269,788
2,750,234
1,818,968
2,105,783
1,946,393
461,684
1,184,606
855,677
1,032,570
340,898
304,079
539,478
76,132
140,150
69,633
30,576
10,609
393,384,201
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
4,250,840
46,565,361
59,881,420
1,418,270
11,158,050
16,755,093
141,236
9,248,779
11,032,346
1,125,887
1,788,877
1,334,337
796,681
1,117,464
719,723
312,365
1,015,373
200,096
405,056
79,187
753,939
689,713
145,953
150,260
51,741
0
4,644
8,291
171,150,982
Total On-
& Off-site
Releases
Pounds
139,090,122
118,670,116
1 15,608,022
40,499,873
33,891,365
23,784,260
22,762,757
16,084,976
13,869,278
10,318,385
6,233,948
3,604,125
3,546,915
2,936,432
2,825,506
2,258,758
1,477,057
1,384,702
1,260,733
1,111,757
1,094,837
993,792
685,431
226,392
191,891
69,633
35,220
18,900
564,535,183
Note; On-sltc Releases from Section 5 of Form R. Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Forms with more than one 4-digit SIC
code within SIC code 33 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
*ntci not elsewhere classified.
other waste management of the reported chemical.
These are the forms in the "multiple codes"
category in this report. (Box 4-2 in Chapter 4
further explains reporting of multiple SIC codes
and its affect on the analyses presented in the TRI
data release.)
Reporting on forms with multiple SIC codes within
the sector is further examined in Table 8-2.
Secondary smelters and refiners of nonferrous
metals (SIC code 3341) appear most often (in 12 of
the 28 combinations). Secondary smelting
generally recovers metals and alloys from scrap.
This activity may combine with primary smelting
and refining (SIC code 333), with further
processing of the metal (rolling, drawing,
extruding, in SIC code 335), die-casting (SIC code
336), or miscellaneous products (SIC code 339).
Forms with multiple SIC codes had the largest on-
site waste management (842.0 million pounds) and
the largest total production-related waste (1.05
billion pounds). Forms with multiple SIC codes
also had the second or third largest amounts in the
other categories (on- and off-site releases and
transfers off-site for further waste management). As
shown in Table 8-2, the multiple-code combination
with the largest total on- and off-site releases was
primary production of aluminum (SIC code 3334)
with secondary smelting and refining of nonferrous
metals (SIC code 3341). This combination had total
292
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Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
30.3%
Other On-site
Land Releases
34.3%
Surface
Water
5.7%
RCRA
Subtitle C
Landfills 3.9%
UIJ, Class II-V Wells = 0%
U1J, Class I Wells = 0 2%
Figure 8-1. Distribution of TRI On-site and
Off-site Releases, 1996: Primary Metals
(SIC Code 33)
Note On-slte Releases from Section 5 of Form R. Off-site Releases from
Section 6 (off-site transfeis to disposal) of Form R. UIJ = underground injection
on-and-off-site releases of 50.5 million pounds. The
combination of secondary nonferrous metal pro-
ducers (SIC code 3341) and metal heat treating
(SIC code 3398) accounted for 489.2 million
pounds of other on-site waste management and
489.5 million pounds of total production-related
waste.
On- and Off-site Releases
Table 8-3 shows on- and off-site releases for
primary metal industries for 1996, and Figure 8-1
gives the distribution by media of these releases.
On-site land releases were the largest category, with
22.2 million pounds released to RCRA subtitle C
landfills and 193.6 million pounds in other on-site
land releases. Together, they represented 38.2% of
all on- and off-site releases in the sector. Off-site
releases (transfers off-site to disposal) were the next
largest release, with 171.2 million pounds, or
30.3%. Air emissions were 144.7 million pounds,
or 25.6%, and surface water discharges were 32.0
million pounds, or 5.7%. Little underground
injection was reported, 931,000 pounds (0.2%), all
of it to Class I wells.
Miscellaneous primary nonferrous metals (SIC
code 3339) reported the largest total for on- and
off-site releases, 139.1 million pounds. Forms with
multiple codes in SIC code 33 reported 118.7
million pounds, followed by blast furnaces and
steel mills (SIC code 3312) with 115.6 million
pounds. These three groups accounted for two-
thirds (66.1%) of the sector's reported releases.
Producers of miscellaneous primary nonferrous
metals reported half (49.6%, or 71.8 million
pounds) of the sector's air emissions and one third
(32.6%, or 63.0 million pounds) of the other on-site
land releases. The multiple-codes group reported
the largest RCRA landfill releases (12.6 million
pounds, or 56,6% of the total). Blast furnaces and
steel mills reported the largest amounts in surface
water discharges (20.6 million pounds, or 64.3% of
that release type), underground injection (613,000
pounds, or 65.9%), and off-site releases (59.9
million pounds, or 35.0%).
Figure 8-2 illustrates the distribution of on- and off-
site releases for the primary metal industries with
the largest releases.
Other On-site Waste Management
Recycling was the largest on-site waste
management method reported in the primary metals
sector, with 2.09 billion pounds recycled out of
2.77 billion pounds managed on-site. Recycling
was 75.6% of total on-site waste management. On-
site treatment was second with 625.8 million
pounds, or 22.6%. Very little energy recovery was
reported (49.8 million pounds, or 1.8%), and none
of this on-site energy recovery was reported for
metals or metal compounds. Metals are not
combustible and do not contribute any heat value
for energy recovery purposes. Table 8-4 and Figure
8-3 present these data.
293
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Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
150,000,000
140,000,000
130,000,000
120,000,000
110,000,000
100,000,000
w 90,000,000
J> 80,000,000 J
70,000,000 \
I
60,000,000 .
50,000,000
40,000,000 .
30,000,000 .
20,000,000
10,000,000
0
D Transfers Off-site to Disposal
H Other On-site Land Releases
• RCRA Subtitle C Landfills
D UIJ, Class I Wells
g| Surface Water
• Air
Underground Injection = 0
3339
Mult.
3312
3331
3321
3341
3313
3325
3357
3334
Figure 8-2. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, SIC Codes with Largest Releases, 1996:
Primary Metals (SIC Code 33)
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R. Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R.
Forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 33 are assigned to the "multiple" category. UIJ: underground injection.
Multiple-codes submissions reported the largest
total on-site waste management, with 842.0 million
pounds, as also shown in Table 8-4. Of this
amount, 778.5 million pounds was recycled on-site.
Forms with multiple codes in SIC code 33
accounted for 37.2% of on-site recycling and
30.4% of total on-site waste management in the
sector. Primary nonferrous metals facilities (SIC
code 3339) had the largest on-site treatment, 240.1
million pounds, or 38.4%. Secondary refining of
nonferrous metals (SIC code 3341) was second for
total on-site waste management, although it did not
lead any category. Its total was 436.1 million
pounds, or 15.8% of all on-site waste management.
Figure 8-4 illustrates the on-site waste management
of the primary metal industries with the largest
totals.
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management
With 277.4 million pounds transferred off-site to
recycling, blast furnaces and steel mills reported the
294
-------
Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Table 8*4. TRI Otter On-site Waste Management, 1996: Primary Metals, SIC Code 33 (In Rank Order)
SIC
Code
3341
3339
3351
3312
33J3
3334
3331
3317
3353
3357
3363
3316
3325
3399
3321
3366
3315
3356
3354
3369
3365
3398
3324
3364
3355
3322
Industry
Multiple within SIC 33
Secondary Nonferroos Metals
Primary Nonfetrons Metals, nee*
Copper Rolling & Drawing
Blast Furnaces & Mills
ElectrometaHurgical Products
Primary Aluminum
Primary Copper
Steel Pipe & Tubes
Aluminum Sheet, Plate, & Foil
Nonferrous Wiredrawing & Insulating
Aluminum Die-castings
Cold Finishing of Steel Shapes
Steel Foundries, nee*
Primary Metal Products, nee*
Gray & Ductile Iron Foundries
Copper Foundries
Steel Wire & Related Products
Nonferrous Rolling & Drawing, nee*
Aluminum Extruded Products
Nonferous Foundries, nee*
Aluminum Foundries
Metal Heat Treating
Steel Investment Foundries
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 33
Nonfetrous Die-casting Exe, Aluminum
Aluminum Rolling & Drawing, nee*
Malleable Iron Foundries
Total for SIC Code 33
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
778,473,601
327,093,466
160,036,537
325,935,091
83,413,823
103,881,994
64,706,648
63,440,113
35,725,268
6,237,233
13,392,150
30,440,128
701,000
23,976,223
10,076,103
19,844,260
18,270,757
5,368,115
2,415,801
3,675,762
7,779,646
5,306,555
143,912
1,261,033
663,664
226,469
0
0
2,092,485,352
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
17,623,145
0
0
0
3,804,673
0
7,778,770
0
443,607
15,460,330
4,657,935
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
49,768,460
Treated
Oit-site
Pounds
45,910,361
108,976,199
240,092,788
341,295
118,747,400
162,565
7,601,247
1,000
4,759,979
18,949,042
18,131,581
105,471
23,751,828
79,878
11,795,538
998,521
0
7,990,367
7,550,741
6,249,176
473,680
524,725
2,595,291
26,435
0
18
29,000
0
625,844,126
Total
On-site Waste
Management
Pounds
842,007,107
436,069,665
400,129,325
326,276,386
205,965,896
104,044,559
80,086,665
63,441,113
40,928,854
40,646,605
36,181,666
30,545,599
24,452,828
24,056,101
21,871,641
20,842,781
18,270,757
13,358,482
9,966,542
9,924,938
8,253,326
5,831,280
2,739,203
1,287,468
663,664
226,487
29,000
0
2,768,097,938
Note: Other On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R. Forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 33 are
assigned to the "multiple" category,
*nee: not elsewhere classified
largest total transfers off-site for further waste
management This industry's total was 314.5 million
pounds, or 35,9% of the sector's total of 876.0
million pounds. Table 8-5 and Figure 8-5 provide
data for off-site transfers for further waste
management in the primary metals sector.
Transfers to treatment was 66.2 million pounds;
two-thirds of this (43.7 million pounds, or 66.1%)
consisted of solidification/stabilization of metals
and metal compounds, which prepares them for
disposal. Therefore, ultimately, this 43.7 million
pounds is released. Zinc compounds accounted for
the largest portion of this amount, 24.9 million
pounds in solidification/stabilization.
Reporting in other categories of transfers off-site
for further waste management was small: transfers
295
-------
Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Treated
Qn-site
22.6%
Energy
Recovery
On-site
1,8%
Recycled
On-site
75.6%
Figure 8-3. Distribution of TRI Other
On-site Waste Management, 1996:
Primary Metals (SIC Code 33)
to POTWs was 7.9 million pounds, and transfers to
energy recovery was 5.6 million pounds. Because
metals do not degrade, treatment processes at
POTWs and other off-site treatment facilities may
remove them from wastes, with other solids, but
cannot destroy them. In addition, metals and metal
compounds were also 0.2% of the 5.6 million
pounds of chemicals reported as transferred off-site
to energy recovery; however, these amounts
represent misreporting because metals do not burn
or contribute heat value to energy recovery.
Figure 8-6 shows off-site transfers for further waste
management for the four-digit SIC codes reporting
the largest totals in this category in the primary
metals sector.
Notes Data from Section 8 of Form R.
900,000,000
800,000,000 .
700,000,000 .
600,000,000 .
500,000,000 -
to
•o
I 400,000,000 .
300,000,000 .
200,000,000 .
100,000,000 ,
0
•
?.:'..
ff'1*
f '
8", ','
i
UM 'l
ton
lfc.ll.
fc.,, ,
P
1
1
|
.
,
f '
'^^^ "
n
Mult, 3341 3339 3351 3312 3313 3334
• Treated
• Energy Recovery
£3 Recycled
Hi
3331
3317 3353
Figure 8-4. TRI Other On-site Waste Management,
SIC Codes with Largest Totals, 1996: Primary Metals (SIC Code 33)
Note*. Other On-sitc Waste Msngemcnt from Section 8 of Form R Forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 33 are assigned to the "multiple"
category.
296
-------
Chapters— Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Table 8-5. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, 1996: Primary Metals, SIC Code 33 (in Rank Order)
SIC
Code
3312
3357
3331
3341
3351
3316
3317
3315
3363
3321
3366
3325
3369
3356
3399
3353
3354
3339
3324
3334
3365
3313
3398
3364
3322
'3355
Industry
Blast Furnaces & Steel Mills
Nonfetrous Wiredrawing & Insulating
Multiple within SIC 33
Primary Copper
Secondary Nonferrous Metals
Copper Rolling & Drawing
Cold Finishing of Steel Shapes
SteelPipe&Tubes
Steel Wire & Related Products
Aluminum. Die-castings
Gray & Ductile Iron Foundries
Copper Foundries
Steel Foundries, nee*
Nonferrous Foundries, nee*
Nonferrous Rolling & Drawing, nee*
Primary Metal Products, nee*
Aluminum Sheet, Plate, &. Foil
Alummutn Extruded Products
Prunary Nonferrous Metals, nee*
Steel Investment Foundries
Primary Aluminum
Aluminum Foundries
Electrometallurgical Products
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 33
Metal Heat Treating
Nonferrous Die-casting Exc Aluminum
Malleable Iron. Foundries
Aluminum. Soiling & Drawing, nee*
Total ftrSIC Code 33
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
277,425,228
179,482,543
105,199,906
44,592,387
43,623,015
37,886,932
25,205,106
11,952,200
10,491,278
9,822,808
7,251,847
6,734,132
4,832,058
4,643,623
3,975,533
3,455,076
3,699,616
2,010,038
3,097,640
2,705,889
2,692,028
1,828,192
1,290,494
1,167,982
395,923
508,267
108,867
0
796,078,608
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
64,427
2,205,343
1,245,825
0
8,730
0
0
55,792
1,446
59,082
181 ,282
14,529
1,323
0
4,930
5,810
241,933
1,495,394
0
491
500
0
0
3,600
28,145
0
57
24,945
5,643,584
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
35,944,491
418,298
8,925,774
6,876,151
2,706,320
322,111
4,257,351
2,264,835
2,232,540
9,667
465,423
57,907
403,371
127,788
338,881
49,182
57,686
162,900
34,045
63,670
40,816
255
316,321
0
58,211
9,920
9,812
0
66,153,726
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
791,030
46,301
3,273,991
315
28,743
76,117
1,002,200
106,278
1,174,480
22,233
120,801
829
1,047
7,916
323,113
518,111
320
12,850
1,856
1,258
0
10337
1,280
261
336,085
300
1,005
0
7,859,057
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
260,671
250
0
0
500
0
0
5
0
0
2,024
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
263,705
Total Off-site
Transfers
for Further
Waste
Management
Pounds
314,485,847
182,152,735
118,645,496
51,468,853
46,367,308
38,285,160
30,464,657
14,379,110
13,899,744
9,913,790
8,021,377
6,807,397
5,237,799
4,779,327
4,642,462
4,028,179
3,999,555
3,681,182
3,133,791
2,771,308
2,733,344
1,838,784
1,608,095
1,171,843
818,364
518,487
119,741
24,945
875,998,680
Note: Off-site Transfers for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are transfers
reported without a valid waste management code Forms with more than one 4-digvt SIC code within SIC code 33 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*nec not elsewhere classified
1996 TRI Data by State for
Primary Metals
What most influences the location of primary metal
production is the location of the metal (in ore or
other natural forms). Other factors are power,
transportation, and water. Steel mills, for example,
congregated along or near the Great Lakes, to
obtain iron ore from Michigan while transporting
coal (for coke) by rail from Pennsylvania and
neighboring states. Primary aluminum production
is concentrated in the Pacific Northwest, largely
fueled by Bonneville Power Administration
hydropower; production of aluminum sheet, plate,
and foil occurs principally in the Midwest. Copper
mines in Arizona and other western states (Nevada,
Utah) account for the location of primary copper
production facilities there as well.
Metal mining and manufacture is more highly
concentrated, corporately and geographically, than
many other business sectors in the United States.
For example, four U.S. companies dominate the
U.S. aluminum industry along with one Canadian
firm. Lead offers another example: deposits in
Alaska, Idaho, Missouri, and Montana account for
most U.S. lead mining; there are a total of 18 U.S.
mines. Primary lead refineries—fliere are three—
297
-------
ChapterB— Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
To Energy
Recovery
0.6%
To
Recycling
90.9%
Other Off-site
Transfers <0.1%
Figure 8-5. Distribution of TRI Transfers
Off-site for Further Waste Management, 1996:
Primary Metals (SIC Code 33)
Note: Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6
(excluding transfere off-site for disposal) of Form R. Other off-site transfers are
trans fas reported without a valid wastemanagement code.
are located in Missouri and Montana. Twelve states
host 18 secondary smelting and refining facilities.
Zinc production shows even more narrow concent-
ration—15 mines produce 95% of the zinc, refined
in three facilities (one each in Illinois, Tennessee,
and Pennsylvania), with seven secondary smelters
recovering zinc from waste and scrap.
This concentration is reflected in TRI reporting,
where a single state may account for one-fifth to
one-quarter of the sector's national total in any one
category. Table 8-6 provides TRI data by state for
the primary metal industries.
Utah reported the largest total on- and off-site
releases in 1996, 79.5 million pounds, or 14.1% of
the U.S. total. Pennsylvania was second with 69.2
million pounds (12.3%). In Utah, most of this total
was on-site releases (78.7 million pounds, 20.0% of
all on-site releases in the sector), making Utah the
state with the largest on-site releases. In
Pennsylvania, most of the releases were off-site
(42.4 million pounds in transfers to disposal, or
24.8%), and Pennsylvania was the state with the
largest amount in this release type. Map 8-1
illustrates the geographic distribution of total on-
and off-site releases in this sector.
The largest quantities of on-site waste management
and of total production-related waste were reported
in Arizona. On-site waste management in Arizona
was 604.8 million pounds, or 21.8% of that total;
the state's production-related waste totaled 716.8
million pounds, or 17.1%. Pennsylvania was
second in both categories, with 310.7 million
pounds of other on-site waste management (11.2%)
and 472.9 million pounds of total production-
related waste (11.3%). Indiana led total transfers
off-site for further waste management with 104.1
million pounds (11.9%), followed by Texas with
99.1 million pounds (11.3%).
For on-site releases, off-site releases, other on-site
waste management, and total production-related
waste, amounts reported in the leading state were
43% to 95% higher than in the state that ranked
second.
1996 TRI Data by
Chemical for Primary
Metals
As might well be expected, many chemicals that
primary metal industries released on- and off-site in
the largest amounts in 1996 were metals or metal
compounds. (See explanation in Chapter 2 of TRI
reporting of the metal component of compounds.)
Ten of the top 15 chemicals in the sector, presented
in Table 8-7, were metals or their compounds.
Zinc compounds had by far the largest total
releases, 174.9 million pounds. Another 9.4 million
pounds of releases of the metal zinc were also
298
-------
Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
TJ
o
Q.
350,000,000
300,000,000
250,000,000 .
200,000,000 -
150,000,000 -
100,000,000
50,000,000 .
• Other Off-site Transfers
D To POTWs
To Treatment
To Energy Recovery
To Recycling
3312
3357
Mult
3331
3341
3351
3316
3317
3315
3363
Figure 8-6. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, SIC Codes
with Largest Totals, 1996: Primary Metals (SIC Code 33)
Note; Off-site Transfers for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are
transfers reported without a valid waste management code Forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 33 are assigned to the "multiple" code
category
reported, 13th among TRI chemicals reported in
this sector (only fume and dust forms of the metal
zinc are reportable to TRI.). Together, they
represented 32.6% of all releases reported in the
primary metals sector. Zinc is most commonly used
as a protective coating for other metals. Zinc
ammonium chloride and zinc fluoride are both used
in galvanizing. Much of the scrap steel processed
by secondary smelters is galvanized—a large
source of releases of zinc compounds.
Second-ranked chlorine is used to "de-tin" and
"de-zinc" iron. It is also a purifying agent in, for
example, magnesium processing. Chlorine alone
represented 41.3% (59,8 million pounds) of air
emissions in the primary metals sector; almost all
of this (59.2 million pounds) was reported by one
facility, the Magnesium Corporation of America, in
Rowley, Utah. (As described later in this chapter, in
the section on Facilities with Large Increases
and Decreases in Releases, 1988-1996.)
Other chemicals with more than 10 million pounds
of air emissions were ammonia (18.1 million
pounds, 12.5% of all air emissions) and
hydrochloric acid (10.9 million pounds, or 7.5%).
Metals and metal compounds represented a smaller
portion of air releases, but were still significant,
including more than 1 million pounds each of
copper (4.7 million pounds), zinc compounds
(4.2 million pounds), copper compounds (1.5
million pounds), manganese compounds (1.3
million pounds), and aluminum, fume or dust (1.1
million pounds).
299
-------
Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Table 8-6. Summary of TRI Information by State, 1996: Primary Metals, SIC Code 33
Total
Stale Facilities
Number
Alabama
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Itlinali
Indiana
low*
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Misiliilppl
Missouri
Montana
Nebratka
Nevada
New Hampshire
NewJcraey
NcwMexteo
NcwYotk
North Carolina
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tcmcstce
Tcxat
Utah
Vcmwot
Virginia
Washington
Wc« Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total for SIC
Code 33
57
20
34
96
7
48
3
IS
31
136
135
26
14
47
11
S
43
104
27
19
43
3
^
5
n
51
5
67
35
216
30
22
203
3
15
27
1
SI
73
16
1
15
25
13
79
3
1,902
Total
Forms Form As
Number Number
256
82
98
229
23
137
11
46
105
470
583
96
45
196
32
41
121
335
67
64
134
19
32
19
40
ISO
12
216
105
740
88
91
748
11
43
104
7
180
241
92
3
57
83
71
274
6
6,603
21
12
7
14
0
13
1
3
2
33
27
2
1
11
2
5
18
18
g
2
18
0
0
6
7
1
0
23
4
68
14
4
39
0
5
7
0
13
21
9
0
3
9
I
12
1
465
Total
On-sitc
Releases
Pounds
9,884,138
42,828,276
2,928,922
1,387,773
188,167
616,494
39,344
126,401
1,020,579
28,714,958
20,799,659
5,992,507
991,267
4,199,320
441,641
1,940,627
144,918
6,143,903
370,618
5,445,573
18,318,412
44,747,042
89,679
305,491
158,886
926,100
17,812,008
2,245,805
958,585
44,392,867
351,115
4,731,284
26,856,122
42,620
58,937
1,521,623
81,160
3,881,488
4,662,739
78,677,680
0
840,381
4,529,322
1,970,305
919,445
100,020
393,384,201
Total
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
10,226,857
59,11!
99,062
5,034,316
49,417
219,383
14,943
4,110,181
177,055
3,834,490
29,691,318
877,262
989,470
158,864
3,091
394,078
2,601,691
29,074,648
349,396
192,045
2,106,773
0
3,006,469
0
24,661
162,716
250
1,372,555
269,113
10,927,603
1,989,250
124,795
42,360,046
573
48,655
3,922,435
0
4,158,875
1,013,330
772,853
1,255
681,942
1,043,637
2,236,818
6,769,700
0
171,150,982
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
20,110,995
42,887,387
3,027,984
6,422,089
237,584
835,877
54,287
4,236,582
1,197,634
32,549,448
50,490,977
6,869,769
1,980,737
4,358,184
444,732
2,334,705
2,746,609
35,218,551
720,014
5,637,618
20,425,185
44,747,042
3,096,148
305,491
183,547
1,088,816
17,812,258
3,618,360
1,227,698
55,320,470
2,340,365
4,856,079
69,216,168
43,193
107,592
5,444,058
81,160
8,040,363
5,676,069
79,450,533
1,255
1,522,323
5,572,959
4,207,123
7,689,145
100,020
564,535,183
Total Transfers
Total Other Off-site for
On-site Waste Further Waste
Management Management
Pounds Pounds
144,018,429
604,763,405
98,346,120
17,710,853
531,895
36,176,182
13,000,000
1,585,581
2,101,201
66,971,389
180,387,907
108,625,916
11,277,504
62,161,496
9,832,957
10,501,033
12,910,330
48,749,663
113,987,116
3,087,606
109,445,310
49,712,037
16,278,750
1,243,000
1,823,500
12,987,795
56,346
119,091,459
9,054,330
151,010,933
204,748
26,795,038
310,719,638
8,900
3,417,501
1,907,016
184,900
32,597,865
41,165,313
247,461,080
0
19,427,770
38,966,168
5,024,525
22,787,433
0
2,768,097,938
21,324,410
69,121,937
31,692,953
12,699,264
6,690,949
7,633,359
3,179,007
7,081,464
9,841,578
42,861,308
104,054,017
4,703,065
9,320,015
28,586,994
5,048,847
1,087,177
11,521,928
24,452,047
4,952,686
5,226,734
17,191,084
557,931
10,103,412
242,627
4,428,791
7,957,577
10,759
23,636,168
10,144,619
82,433,858
5,466,527
13,410,317
87,785,833
302,470
4,271,206
34,951,201
95,200
23,057,109
99,106,102
6,972,306
0
6,001,743
7,981,081
6,217,941
12,593,079
0
875,998,680
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
178,488,243
716,810,564
124,623,924
36,423,673
7,401,320
45,025,052
16,233,240
8,933,050
13,254,696
140,089,258
336,462,430
120,173,535
22,485,890
95,505,868
15,337,492
13,867,926
27,157,130
108,815,289
119,580,215
14,409,758
147,302,541
95,033,608
21,800,036
2,031,848
6,644,408
30,439,899
17,879,685
148,000,793
23,357,146
303,114,583
8,043,238
45,088,450
472,876,446
354,563
7,774,713
41,861,707
359,520
62,634,555
116,539,367
334,294,471
1,362
26,972,789
51,685,499
15,387,159
43,434,705
100,028
4,184,091,672
Non-
IVodliction-
related
Waste
Pounds
148
531
78
9,240
0
21
5
0
20,236
154,349
10,425
0
0
2,500
25,770
0
0
440
6,069
10,189
17,849
8,166
0
85
0
727,626
0
7,468
0
10,057
0
302,547
13,056,086
0
0
202,278
0
16,388
9,204
704,205
0
0
15,000
0
72,143
0
15,389,103
No Ic: On-dte Releases from Section S of Form R. On-site Waste Management ftom Section 8 of Form R Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to
disposal) of Form R. Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Total
Production-related Waste sums Section 8 (Current Year, Column B) of Form R, except. Noit-production-relafed Waste (remedial/catastrophic incidents)
Nitrate compounds (ranked fifth for total on- and
off-site releases) accounted for most of the surface
water discharges in the sector—27.7 million
pounds out of 32.0 million pounds.
The top 15 chemicals in Table 8-7 accounted for
89.2% of all releases reported in this sector.
OSHA Carcinogens
Chemicals designated as OSHA carcinogens totaled
21.1 million pounds in releases reported by primary
metal industries, as shown in Table 8-8. (OSHA
carcinogens and the bases for their designation
appear in Box 2.4 in Chapter 2.) The majority—7.5
300
-------
Map 8-1. Total On- and Off-site Releases, 1993: Primary Metals, SIC Code 33
Alaska
Hawaii
Puerto Rico
Pounds
More than 50,000,000
10,000,000 to 80,000,000
III 3,000,000 to 10,000,000
I | 0 to 3,000,000
X = no reports
I
I
00
8
i
3"
\
*
i
o
Note On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R.
-------
Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Table 8-7. The 15 Chemicals with the Largest Total On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996: Primary Metals, SIC Code 33
(In Rank Order)
On-site Land Releases
CAS
Number
_
7782-50-5
—
—
—
—
7440-50-S
7664-41-7
7439-96-5
7429-5XM
_
7M7-0I-0
74404C4
4M.SS-1
—
Chemical
Zinc compounds
Chlorine
Copper compounds
Manganese compounds
Nitrate compounds
Lead compounds
Copper
Ammonia
Manganese
Aluminum (fume or dust)
Chromium compounds
Hydrochloric acid
Zinc (fume or dust)
Citbonyl sulfidc
Nickel compounds
Subtoul
Total for SIC Code 33
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
4,205,919
59,790,515
1,527,817
1,275,109
7,936
946,878
4,680,442
18,088,687
353,452
1,080,451
209,469
10,900,560
922,190
7,056,628
134,291
111,180,344
144,680,864
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
164,572
6,008
23,036
896,367
27,735,809
31,735
22,279
734,588
32,328
40,775
48,549
0
7,096
0
20,704
29,763,846
31,988,843
Underground Injection RCRA
Class I
Wells
Pounds
2,605
0
143,098
2,900
0
768
17
474,179
1
0
2,900
0
0
0
27,750
654,218
930,779
Class II-
V Wells
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Subtitle C
Landfills
Pounds
14,127,597
0
98,816
4,567,109
0
1,550,822
370,828
16,000
25,609
52,700
683,464
0
2,750
0
57,852
21,553,547
22,192,029
Other On-
site Land
Releases
Pounds
71,737,744
5
46,798,417
27,966,965
1,238,031
9,699,909
2,548,009
691,758
6,624,150
3,798,795
3,513,186
0
6,534,452
0
3,205,343
184,356,764
193,591,686
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
90,238,437
59,796,528
48,591,184
34,708,450
28,981,776
12,230,112
7,621,575
20,005,212
7,035,540
4,972,721
4,457,568
10,900,560
7,466,488
7,056,628
3,445,940
347,508,719
393,384,201
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
84,624,8«
10
4,329,203
13,827,724
35,280
10,175,799
12,620,192
186,186
10,916,446
7,140,499
7,271,419
0
1,891,304
0
2,932,518
155,951,444
171,150,982
Total On-
& Off-site
Releases
Pounds
174,863301
59,796,538
52,920,387
48,536,174
29,017,056
22,405,911
20,241,767
20,191,398
17,951,986
12,113,220
11,728,987
10,900,560
9,357,792
7,056,628
6,378,458
503,460,163
564,535,183
Note; On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R
million pounds, or 35.4%—were off-site releases
(transfers off-site to disposal). Another 6.9 million
pounds (32.7%) were reported as other on-site land
releases. The third largest category was air
emissions, with 6.4 million pounds (30.2%).
The chemical ranked 15th for total on- and off-site
releases in this sector, nickel compounds, is an
OSHA carcinogen. This chemical had 6.4 million
pounds of releases, primarily released on-site to
RCRA Subtitle C landfills and off-site (transfers to
disposal); as shown in Table 8-7. Other OSHA
carcinogens with large releases were lead (5.0
million pounds, also largely on-site to RCRA
landfills and off-site to disposal), trichloroethylene
(2,4 million pounds, almost entirely in air
emissions), nickel (1.5 million pounds, mostly
transferred off-site to disposal) and the chemical
category of polycyclic aromatic compounds (1.5
million pounds, in transfers off-site to disposal and
air emissions).
Reported releases of OSHA carcinogens were
highest in the primary nonferrous metals industry
(SIC code 3339), 5.8 million pounds. The largest
sources of air emissions were the steel pipe and
tubes industry (SIC code 3317) and the forms
reporting multiple SIC codes in SIC code 33, with
1.1 million pounds each. Figure 8-7 displays
releases of OSHA carcinogens by medium for the
primary metal industries with the largest such
releases.
1996 TRI Chemicals in
Waste for Primary Metals
Table 8-9 presents waste management data for the
four-digit SIC codes in the primary metals sector.
Half (50.0%) of all production-related waste was
recycled on-site, 2.09 billion pounds out of 4.18
billion pounds. Off-site recycling accounted for
another 781.9 million pounds, or 18.7%. Figure 8-8
shows the distribution of on-site waste
management, off-site waste management, and
quantities released on- and off-site in this sector.
Forms reporting more than one code in SIC code 33
(multiple codes) accounted for the largest portion
302
-------
Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Table 8-8. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of OSHA Carcinogens by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996: Primary Metals, SIC Codes 33
(in Rank Order)
On-site Land Releases
SIC
Code
3339
3312
3334
3341
3321
3317
3369
3398
3351
3357
3316
3399
3356
3315
3325
3331
3313
3365
3354
3366
3324
3322
3363
3364
3353
Industry
Primary Nonferrous Metals, nee*
Multiple within SIC 33
Blast Furnaces & Steel Mills
Primary Aluminum
Secondary Nonferrous Metals
Gray & Ductile Iron Foundries
Steel Pipe & Tubes
Nonferrous Foundries, nee*
Metal Heat Treating
Copper Rolling & Drawing
Nonferrous Wiredrawing & Insulating
Cold Finishing of Steel Shapes
Primary Metal Products, nee*
Nonferrous Rolling & Drawing, nee*
Steel Wire & Related Products
Steel Foundries, nee*
Primary Copper
Electrometallurgical Products
Aluminum Foundries
Aluminum Extruded Products
Copper Foundries
Steel Investment Foundries
Malleable Iron Foundries
Aluminum Die-castings
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 33
Surface
Total Air Water
Emissions Discharges
Pounds Pounds
392,632
1,121,113
713,603
449,020
139,364
688,275
1,133,620
17,606
416,528
341,502
255,589
52,337
181,814
150,440
14,912
31,834
27,775
3,451
86,743
76,068
11,882
12,957
27,740
32,025
3,098
Nonferrous Die-casting Exc. Aluminum 1,665
Aluminum Sheet, Plate, & Foil
Subtotal
Total for SIC Code 33
187
6,383,780
144,680,864
722
10,568
22,487
2,065
6,096
1,404
1,115
7
0
557
96
1,652
536
128
1,088
1,818
250
3,021
22
13
79
45
0
10
5
0
0
53,784
31,988,843
Underground Injection RCRA
Class I Class II- Subtitle C
Wells V Wells Landfills
Pounds Pounds Pounds
0
0
10,650
0
82
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
95
0
0
32,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
42,827
930,779
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
52,225
91,728
9,205
53
75,477
0
0
0
762
0
0
120
0
4,622
0
0
0
0
0
23,565
0
0
0
0
0
0
257,757
22,192,029
Other On-
site Land
Releases
Pounds
5,403,890
952,717
185,217
250
12,906
126,789
0
33,104
0
15,068
0
3,849
337
13,402
0
6,286
87,251
61,000
5
0
250
7,640
371
0
0
0
0
6,910,332
193,591,686
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
5,797,244
2,136,623
1,023,685
460,540
158,501
891,945
1,134,735
50,717
416,528
357,889
255,685
57,838
182,807
164,065
20,622
39,938
147,276
67,472
'86,770
76,081
35,776
' 20,642
28,111
1 32,035
3,103
1,665
187
13,648,480
393,384,201
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
18,991
1,864,090
1,699,614
963,721
1,073,580
299,528
45,366
489,779
52,450
19,680
100,073
273,429
95,001
72,700
152,369
130,637
12,150
32,122
6,512
12
23,950
26,165
12,317
1,929
2,000
0
0
7,468,165
171,150,982
Total On-
& Off-site
Releases
Pounds
5,816,235
4,000,713
2,723,299
1,424,261
1,232,081
1,191,473
1,180,101
540,496
468,978
377,569
355,758
331,267
277,808
236,765
172,991
170,575 ,
159,426
99,594
93,282
76,093
59,726
46,807
40,428
33,964
5,103
1,665
187
21,116,645
564,535,183
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R. Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R. Forms with
more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 33 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
*nec: not elsewhere classified.
of production-related waste in the sector. This was
1.05 billion pounds, or one-quarter (25.1%) of the
total. As indicated earlier in this chapter, multiple-
codes reporting also accounted for the largest
portion of on-site recycling, 778.5 million pounds
of the 2.09-billion-pound total.
Blast furnaces and steel mills (SIC code 3312)
reported the largest quantities in off-site recycling
(276.8 million pounds, 35.4% of the 781.9 million
pounds in that category) and the largest off-site
treat-ment (31.1 million pounds, out of 73.3 million
pounds, or 42.4%). Miscellaneous primary non-
ferrous metals (SIC code 3339) accounted for 138.9
million pounds reported as quantities released on-
and off-site, one-quarter (25.0%) of the total for
this category of 556.2 million pounds.
Although the multiple-codes forms also supplied
the largest reporting of on-site energy recovery
(17.6 million pounds), aluminum sheet, plate, and
foil producers (SIC code 3353) were second with
15.5 million pounds. These two groups accounted
for two-thirds (66.5%) of the sector's on-site
energy recovery. In off-site energy recovery,
producers of aluminum extruded products (SIC
code 3354) were first, with 1.5 million pounds, or
32.6% of the total. As mentioned earlier in this
303
-------
Chapter 8— Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
7,000,000
6,000,000 .
5,000,000
4,000,000 .
3,000,000 ,
2,000,000 .
1,000,000 .
D Transfers Off-site to Disposal
• Other On-site Land Releases
• RCRA Subtitle C Landfills
UIJ, Class I Wells
Surface Water
Air
3339
Mult
3312
3334
3341
Figure 8-7. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of OSHA Carcinogens,
SIC Codes with Largest Totals, 1996: Primary Metals (SIC Code 33)
Note: On-sltc Releases from Section 5 of Form R. Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of FormR Forms with more than one 4-digit
SIC code within SIC code 33 arc assigned to the "multiple" category. UIJ=underground injection
chapter, energy recovery is not an appropriate
characterization of the disposition of metals in
waste because they are not burned and do not
contribute to the combustion. Quantities reported
for off-site energy recovery included 0.6% of
metals and metal compounds, which represents
misreporting because metals do not burn or
contribute heat value to energy recovery.
The distribution of production-related waste
reported by the primary metal industries with the
largest totals appears in Figure 8-9.
Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals
in Waste
The primary metal industries' projections of waste
management data through 1998 appear in Table
8-10. Off-site treatment was projected to increase
10.7% over this period; increases are also expected
in on-site energy recovery (4.6%) and on-site
treatment (3.8%). Decreases in other categories,
however, contributed to an overall projected
decrease of 2.0% by 1998. The largest percentage
decreases appear in off-site energy recovery (7.3%)
and off-site recycling (5.8%). On-site recycling is
projected to decrease by 2.9% and quantities
released by 2.2%. (As explained in Chapter 2,
facilities not only report current data but project
waste management quantities for the next two years
in their TRI submissions.)
Overall, these projected changes show little
difference in the primary metal industries'
management of TRI chemicals in waste. On-site
recycling would remain at half of the sector's total
production-related waste, and quantities released at
13.3%. Thus, little movement up or down the waste
304
-------
Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Table 8-9. Quantities of TR1 Chemicals in Waste by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996: Primary Metals, SIC Code 33 (In Rank Order)
SIC
Code
3312
3339
3341
3351
3357
3331
3313
3334
3321
3316
3317
3325
3353
3363
3315
3399
3366
3356
3354
3369
3365
3398
3324
3364
3322
3355
Industry
Multiple within SIC 33
Blast Furnaces & Steel Mills
Primary Nonferrous Metals, nee*
Secondary Nonferrous Metals
Copper Rolling & Drawing
Nonferrous Wiredrawing & Insulating
Primary Copper
Eleetrometallurgieal Products
Primary Aluminum
Gray & Ductile Iron Foundries
Cold Finishing of Steel Shapes
Steel Pipe & lubes
Steel Foundries, nee*
Aluminum Sheet, Plate, & Foil
Aluminum Die-castings
Steel Wire & Related Products
Primary Metal Products, nee*
Copper Foundries
Nonferrous Rolling & Drawing, nee*
Aluminum Extruded Products
Nonferrous Foundries, nee*
Aluminum Foundries
Metal Heat Treating
Steel Investment Foundries
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 33
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
778,473,601
83,413,823
160,036,537
327,093,466
325,935,091
13,392,150
63,440,113
103,881,994
64,706,648
19,844,260
701,000
35,725,268
23,976,223
6,237,233
30,440,128
5368,115
10,076,103
18,270,757
2,415,801
3,675,762
7,779,646
5,306,555
143,912
1,261,033
663,664
Nonferrous Die-casting, Exc Aluminum 226,469
Malleable Iron Foundries
Aluminum Rolling & Drawing, nee*
Total for SIC Code 33
0
0
2,092,485,352
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
17,623,145
3,804,673
0
0
0
4,657,935
0
0
7,778,770
0
0
443,607
0
15,460,330
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
49,768,460
Treated
On-site
Pounds
45,910361
118,747,400
240,092,788
108,976,199
341,295
18,131,581
1,000
162,565
7,601,247
998,521
23,751,828
4,759,979
79,878
18,949,042
105,471
7,990,367
11,795,538
0
7,550,741
6,249,176
473,680
524,725
2,595,291
26,435
0
18
0
29,000
625,844,126
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
76,899,218
276,780,609
3,107,600
45,257,377
37,331,984
186,226,581
44,592,386
2,153,428
2,683,143
8,160,820
25,056,126
13,362,591
5,297,245
3,699,034
11,368,817
10,168,631
3,770,684
8,208,216
3,675,404
2,264,639
4,528,658
2,079,577
377,684
3,007,475
1,246,529
508,185
108,867
0
781,921,508
Energy
Recovery
CMMte
Pounds
1,050,685
63,831
0
19,727
0
1,352,531
0
0
399
193,395
0
73,141
1,123
241,933
6,968
368
5,810
14,600
5,754
1,495,020
0
0
28,145
600
3,600
0
57
24,945
4,582,632
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
11,778,314
31,059,407
34,698
591,554
6,769,638
531,226
6,876,151
57,814
50,445
388,751
6,010,370
2,497,902
404,072
48,602
26,275
3,421,911
590,600
84,099
614,369
146,852
242,287
325,306
627,137
64,098
21
9,905
53,084
0
73,304,888
Quantity
Released
On- and
Off-site
Pounds
Total Non-
Production- Production-
related related
Waste Waste
Pounds Pounds
118,427,705 1,050,163,029
114,165,710
138,897,494
23,171,379
7,626,583
6,384,569
39,200,209
23,019,919
10,333,352
32,668,115
5,660,918
3,139,312
16,959,169
1,978,762
661,916
2,799,890
3,490,284
638,415
1,609,052
1,070,145
499,541
1,817,619
1,341,917
276,047
63,401
18,905
194,705
69,673
628,035,453
542,169,117
505,109,702
378,004,591
230,676,573
154,109,859
129,275,720
93,154,004
62,253,862
61,180,242
60,001,800
46,717,710
46,614,936
42,609,575
29,749,282
29,729,019
27,216,087
15,871,121
14,901,594
13,523,812
10,053,782
5,114,086
4,635,688
1,977,215
763,482
356,713
123,618
556,184,706 4,184,091,672
14,070,685
322,543
8,729
31,532
27
25,806
704,205
0
32,371
48,057
90,536
851
21
25
0
36,200
12,764
0
3,652
0
12
0
1,087
0
0
0
0
0
15,389,103
Note Data from Section 8 of Form R Forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 33 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*nec. not elsewhere classified
management hierarchy, explained in Chapter 2, is
expected in this sector.
Figure 8-10 shows the percentage change expected
in on-site waste management, off-site waste
management, quantities released, and total
production-related waste for this sector, as
projected for one and two years.
Source Reduction Activity
Almost 1,000 forms submitted in primary metals
production indicated one or more source reduction
activity in 1996, representing 14.6% of all forms
submitted. The largest number, 172, came from ,
nonferrous wiredrawing and insulating (SIC code
3357), and this was one third (33.1%) of the forms
in that industry. Forms with multiple codes within
SIC code 33 were second, with 133, or 17.0% of
Quantity
Released
13.3%
Off-site
Waste
Management
20.5%
-site Waste
Management
66,2%
Figure 8-8 Distribution of TRI
Production-Related Waste, 1996:
Primary Metals (SIC Code 33)
Note: Data ftom Section 8 of Form R
305
-------
Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
this group's total forms. Steel pipe and tubes
production (SIC code 3317) also had a relatively
high percentage of forms reporting source reduction
activity, compared to other primary metal
industries; 20.9% of the 230 forms submitted in
SIC code 3317 indicated activity. Table 8-11
shows the number of forms reporting source
reduction activities, by category, for the sector.
Good operating practices were the activity most
commonly indicated.
Year-to-Year
Comparisons for Primary
Metals
1995-1996 TRI Data for Primary
Metals
From 1995 to 1996, very little change occurred in
the total number of TRI forms submitted in the
primary metals sector—a 0.3% decrease—but the
number of Form A certification statements
submitted increased by 22.0% (see Table 8-12).
Thus, Form A certification statements represented a
small, but increasing, portion of the sector's
submissions to TRI. Reporting year 1996 was the
second year the Form A certification statement was
available, as described in Chapter 1.
• Quantity Released
H Treated Off-site
• Energy Recovery Off-site
D Recycled Off-site
• Treated On-site
M Energy Recovery On-site
Q Recycled On-site
0% ,
Mult 3312 3339 3341 3351 3357 3331 3313 3334 3321
Figure 8-9. Distribution of Production-related Waste, 1996"
Primary Metals (SIC Code 33)
No tc: Data torn Section 8 of Form R, Forms with mons than one4-digtt SIC code within SIC code 33 are assigned to the "multiple" category
308
-------
Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
•
Table 8-10. Current Year and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, 1996-1998: Primary Metals, SIC Code 33
/
Waste Management Activity
On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
for SIC Code 33
Waste Management Activity
On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Oif-site Waste Management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
for SIC Code 33
Current Year 1996
Total Percent
Pounds ofTotal
2,092,485,352 50.0
49,768,460 1.2
625,844,126 15.0
781,921,508 18.7
4,582,632 0.1
73,304,888 1.8
556,184,706 13.3
4,184,091,672 100.0
Projected Change
1996-1997
Percent
-0.7
3.5
1.9
-6.6
-4.6
15.5
2.5
-0.6
Projected 1997
Total Percent
Pounds ofTotal
2,078,788,001 50.0
51,500,077 1.2
637,803,164 15.3
730,248,561 17.6
4,369,808 0.1
84,694,424 2.0
570,042,820 13.7
4,157,446,855 100.0
Projected Change
1997-1998
Percent
-2.3
1.1
1.8
0.9
-2.8
-4.2
-45
-14
Projected
Total
Pounds
2,030,876,756
52,056,021
649,500,613
736,688,116
4,246,864
81,177,694
544,224,247
4,098,770,311
Projected Changs.
1996-1998
Percent
-29
46
3.8
-5.8
-7.3
10.7
-22
-2.0
1998
Percent
ofTotal
49.5
1.3
15.8
18.0
0.1
20
13.3
100.0
Note Currant year and projected year amounts are all taken from Section 8 of Fonn R for 1996
On- and Off-site Releases
Releases on- and off-site increased by 7.7% from
1995 to 1996 in primary metals, as shown in Table
8-12. This was an increase of 40.5 million pounds.
All types of on- and off-site releases were larger in
1996 than in 1995. An increase of 28.9 million
pounds (15.5%) in on-site land releases was the
largest absolute change (13.8 million pounds of this
was reported on forms with multiple SIC codes,
including 7.3 million pounds of copper compounds
and 5.5 million pounds of zinc compounds).
Fugitive air emissions increased by 15.6%, or 5.2
million pounds (including a 3.7 million pound
increase in copper from forms with multiple SIC
codes). Surface water discharges increased by
16.7%, or 4.6 million pounds (including a 2.4-
million-pound increase in nitrate compounds and
1.0 million pounds in ethylene glycol). Small
percentage changes occurred in point-source air
emissions (0.8% or 862,000 pounds) and in off-site
transfers to disposal (0.4% or 657,000 pounds).
The largest percentage increase—44.7%—was
reported in underground injection, but this release
type remained a small portion overall of the
sector's reporting.
307
-------
Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
On-site Waste Off-site Waste Quantity Released Total Production-
Management Management On-and Off-site related Waste
Figure 8-10. Projected Percentage Changes in Quantities of
TRI Chemicals in Waste, 1996-1998: Primary Metals (SIC Code 33)
Note: Current year and projected year amounts areall taken from Sections ofFormRfor 1996
Figure 8-11 shows the 1995-1996 percentage
change in releases by medium for the primary
metals sector.
Other On-site Waste Management
Table 8-12 also shows the changes from 1995 to
1996 in primary metal industries' on-site waste
management. A small net increase (1,0%) in total
other on-site waste management represents quite
different changes hi waste management methods.
On-site recycling, the largest on-site method
reported, decreased by 1,6%, a reduction of 33.6
million pounds. On-site treatment increased 49.3
million pounds, which was an 8.5% increase.
The smallest on-site method reported, energy
recovery, increased by 12.1 million pounds, but this
represented a 32.2% increase; this resulted
principally from reported increases of 5.1 million
pounds of poiycyclic aromatic compounds in
primary aluminum production (SIC code 3334) and
3.1 million pounds of methyl ethyl ketone in
aluminum sheet, plate, and foil production (SIC
code 3353).
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management
An increase of 33.8 million pounds in off-site
transfers for further waste management for the
primary metals sector, from 1995 to 1996,
represented a 4.0% increase. These data also appear
on Table 8-12, Less than 1% change occurred in
transfers to recycling (0.7% increase, 5.6 million
pounds) and transfers to POTWs (0.9% increase,
73,000 pounds). Large percentage increases were
reported in transfers to energy recovery (46.0%, or
1.8 million pounds) and transfers to treatment
(74.3%, or 28.2 million pounds). This increase in
transfers to treatment was the largest difference, in
pounds, from 1995 to 1996.
308
-------
Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Date for Primary Metals
Table 8-11, Number of Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity, 1096; Primary Metals, SIC Code 33
Category of Source Reduction Activity
Forms Reporting Source Raw Surface
Reduction Activities Good %iH Material Process Cleaning Preparation Praduet
SIC Total Percent of Operating Inventory and Leak Modifi- Modifi- and and Modifi-
Code Industry Forms All Forms Practices Control Prevention cations cations Decreasing Finishing cations
Number Number Percent Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number
3312 Blast Furnaces & Steel Mills
3313 Elestronwialtogieal Products
3315 Stesl Wire & Related Products
33 16 Cold Finishing of Steel Shapes
3317 Steel Pipe & Tubes
3321 Gray & Ductile Iron Foundries
3322 Malleable Iron Foundries
3324 Steel Investment Foundries
3325 Steel Foundries, nee*
3331 Primary Copper
3334 Primary Aluminum
3339 Primary Nonfsrrous Metals, nee*
3341 Secondary Nonferrous Metato
3351 Copper Rolling & Drawing
3353 Aluminum Sheet, Hate, & Foil
33S4 Aluminum Extruded Products
3355 Aluminum Roiling & Drawing, see
1,093
51
224
146
230
740
22
96
383
48
93
96
519
ISO
97
173
* 4
3356 NonferRjus Roiling & Drawing, nee* 126
33S? Nonferrous Wiredrawing
& Insulates
3363 AiuBBHum Ee-eastings
3364 Nonfeoous Ehe-easting,
Exe Alummurti
3365 Aluminum Foundries
3366 Copper Foundries
3369 Nonferrous Foundries, nee*
3398 Metal Heat Treating
3399 Primary Metal Products, nee*
Multiple within SIC 33
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 33
Total fcr SIC Code 33
519
158
22
98
132
136
161
260
784
42
6,603
12S
8
25
17
48
4?
1
14
52
8
12
17
68
20
IS
31
2
20
172
23
2
13
19
20
13
40
133
1
966
114
15?
112
116
209
64
45
146
136
167
12 S
177
131
133
15.5
179
500
159
33.1
146
9.1
13.3
144
14.7
81
154
170
24
146
68
5
9
10
22
16
1
9
18
0
8
15
48
14
14
25
1
9
102
19
0
6
8
14
9
29
47
0
526
1
1
0
8
0
2
0
0
6
0
0
0
s
0
0
1
0
0
4
6
0
1
0
0
0
5
3
0
46
22
0
6
2
4
19
0
0
8
0
0
8
22
1
2
2
0
1
3
1
0
6
3
9
3
g
41
0
J71
8
0
4
0
4
9
0
1
7
0
3
0
22
2
1
I
0
6
26
0
I
4
3
2
I
2
IS
I
126
58
2
5
1
17
12
0
4
32
8
3
1
28
5
0
6
1
5
64
S
0
6
W
12
S
16
57
1
364
0
0
2
1
6
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
4
0
0
0
1
4
0
0
2
1
0
T
0
5
0
29
3
0
4
0
2
1
0
2
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
0
36
0
0
2
5
2
2
0
0
2
0
0
0
i
0
1
0
0
2
11
2
1
0
1
1
0
0
10
1
44
Note Forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code wittan SIC code 33 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
*nec, not elsewhere classified
1988-1996 TRI Data for Primary
Metals
As explained in Chapter 35 comparisons from the
1988 TRI baseline year to the current year rely on
the list of "core" TRI chemicals that were
reportable, with the same reporting definition, in all
years. These multi-year comparisons also review
only the data elements that were collected in all
years, which excludes from this section any
analysis that distinguishes RCRA subtitle C
landfills from other land releases as well as analysis
based on the types of underground injection wells,
On-site waste management data and transfers off-
site to recycling and to energy recovery have been
collected only since 1991; these data are included,
but cannot be compared across the full 1988-1996
period.
From 1988 to 1996, primary metals reporting of on-
and off-site releases of the "core" chemicals
309
-------
Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Table 8-12. Comparison of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, Other On-site Waste Management, and Transfers Off-site
for Further Waste Management, 19S5-1996: Primary Metals, SIC Code 33
Total Facilities
Total Forms
FotmRs
Form As
Oil-site Releases
Tola! Air Emissions
Fugitive Air
Point Source Air
Surface Water Discharges
Underground Injection
On-sJtc Land Release
Total On-site Releases
Off-site Releases
Transfers Off-site to Disposal
Total On- and Off-site Releases
Oti|ef Qn-siteWosteManagement
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Total Other On-site Waste Management
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management
Transfers to Recycling
Transfers to Energy Recovery
Transfers to Treatment
Transfers to POTWs
Other Off-site Transfer
Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management
1995
Number
1,918
6,625
6,244
381
Pounds
138,586,653
33,490,963
105,095,690
27,413,980
643,374
186,902,139
353,546,146
170,494,473
524,040,619
2,126,095,519
37,646,972
576,557,298
2,740,299,789
790,487,124
3,864,615
37,963,394
7,786,083
2,089,432
842,190,648
1996
Number
1,902
6,603
6,138
465
Pounds
144,680,864
38,722,723
105,958,141
31,988,843
930,779
215,783,715
393,384,201
171,150,982
564,535,183
2,092,485,352
49,768,460
625,844,126
2,768,097,938
796,078,608
5,643,584
66,153,726
7,859,057
263,705
875,998,680
Change
1995 to 1996
Percent
-0.8
-0.3
-17
220
Percent
4.4
15.6
0.8
16.7
44.7
15.5
11.3
0.4
7.7
-1.6
32.2
85
1.0
0.7
46.0
74.3
09
-87.4
4.0
Note, On-s!te Releases from Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Other On-site Waste
Management from Section 8 of Form R. Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R
Breakdown of Underground Injection and On-site Land Releases not required in 1995. Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste
management code.
310
-------
Chapters— Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
, Surface Water Underground On-site Land Transfers
Injection Releases Off-site
to Disposal
Figure 8-11, Percentage Change In On-site and Off-site Releases,
1995-1996:.Primary Metals (SIC Code 33)
Notes On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Breakdown of On-
site Land Releases and Underground Injection not required in 1995.
decreased by 21.1%, a reduction of 132.7
million pounds, as shown in Table 8-13. The
largest decrease, in percentage and pounds,
was reported in air emissions, a 94.2-million-
pound decrease or 45.8%. This reflected
substantial reductions from 1988 to 1996 in
fugitive air emissions of 1,1,1-trichloroethane
(14.5-million-pound decrease) and in point
source air emissions of chlorine (44.0-million-
pound decrease). Decreases occurred in all
release types except off-site releases (transfers
to disposal), which increased 6.6%, or 10.3
million pounds.
The reduction in surface water discharges was
9.0% (or 321,000 pounds), and in underground
injection, it was 41.8% (or 328,000 pounds).
On-site land releases were reported as 18.4%
less in 1996 than in 1988, a reduction of 48.1
million pounds.
As Table 8-13 shows, however, all categories
of releases have increased over the last three
years. As noted earlier in this chapter, steel
production dropped sharply in the 1980s but has
been recovering in this decade. Such changes, in
steel and other metal production, are likely
influences on the release data. As noted earlier,
aged coke ovens are top pollutant sources and
concerns about their emissions are heightened
because of the emitted chemicals' cancer-causing
potential. Alternatives to the use of coke may
present more economically feasible alternatives
than replacing the outdated facilities. Metals
themselves—environmentally recalcitrant—present
a different challenge, arguing for more effective use
and recovery of the materials themselves. The value
of the metals themselves also supports this
direction.
On-site waste management data and transfers off-
site for recycling or energy recovery were not
collected in 1988. For the 1994-1996 period, on-site
recycling increased 48.2 million pounds and
transfers off-site to recycling decreased 42,1
311
-------
Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Table 8-13, Comparison of TRl Qn-site and Off-site Releases, Other On-slte Waste Management, and Transfers Off-site
for Further Waste Management, 1988 and 1994-1996: Primary Metals, SIC Code 33
Total Facilities
Total Points
FormRs
Form As
On-silc Releases
Total Air Emissions
Fugitive Air
Point Source Air
Surface Water Pischwgcs
Underground Injection
Grt«site Land Releases
Total On-slte Land Releases
Off-siie Releases
Transfers Off-site to Disposal
Total On- and Off-site Releases
Other On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-slte
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Total Other On-sJte Waste Management
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management
Transfers to Recycling
Transfers to Energy Recovery
Transfers to Treatment
Transfers to POTWs
Other 0 ff-site Transfers
Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management
WS8
Number
1,578
5,402
5,402
NA
Pounds
205,709,250
55,206,075
150,503,175
3,552,854
784,604
261,634,596
471,681,304
157,672,647
629,353,951
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
46,106,054
4,993,085
8,830,043
NA
1994
Number
1,803
5,912
5,912
NA
Pounds
100,413,995
20,730,230
79,683,765
1,658,054
292,868
172,165,293
274,530,210
159,355,439
433,885,649
1,513,279,562
28,435,206
330,031,172
1,871,745,940
823,742,756
3,593,384
23,294,952
2,952,419
2,107,539
855,691,050
1995
Number
1,793
5,869
5,561
308
Pouads
106,640,916
20,135,598
86,505,318
1,086,730
352,624
184,419,842
292,500,112
162,529,241
455,029^53
1,547,382,144
30,580,825
349,525,323
1,927,488,292
763,629,448
3,718,565
31,775,498
3,260,183
1,928,899
804,312,593
1996
Number
1,787
5,895
5,507
388
Pounds
111,481,430
24,883,097
86,598,333
3,231,569
456,600
213,489,081
328,658,680
168,003,961
496,662,641
1,561,479,306
37,175,005
321,821,258
1,920,475,569
781,639,908
5,492,991
62,569,458
3,395,489
263,705
853,361,551
Change
1988 to 1996
Percent
13.2
91
1.9
NA
Percent
-45,8
-54,9
-42.5
-9.0
-41.8
-18.4
-30.3
66
-21.1
V
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
35,7
-320
-970
NA
et Does not include delis led chemicals, ehemteab added in 1990,1991,1994, and 1995, and aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfiino acid
On**lte Rek*»i front Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases ftom Section 6 {transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Other On-site Waste Management
from Section 8 ofFonn R. Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R, Breakdown of
Underground Injection and On-site Land Releases not required before 1996. Foe 1994-1996, Other Off-site Transfers ate transfers reported without a valid waste
management code. For 1988, Other Off-site Transfers are tonsfeis reported without a valid waste management code or codes not required to be reported in 198 8
NA: ml required to be reported in that year.
312
-------
Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
million pounds, as shown on Table 8-13 .
Other categories showed increases, except for
on-site treatment.
For categories reported across the full
comparison period, transfers off-site to
treatment increased 35.7%, or 16.5 million
pounds (including a 12.1-million-pound
increase in zinc compounds), from 1988 to
1996, while transfers to POTWs decreased
32.0%, or 1.6 million pounds.
1988-1996 Data for Four-Digit Industries
in Primary Metals
Tables 8-14 through 8-16, summarize data for
1988 and 1994-1996 for industries at the four-
digit SIC code level within SIC code 33. The
tables present, respectively, on- and off-site
releases, other on-site waste management, and
transfers off-site for further waste
management
On- and Off-site Releases
Three industries in the primary metals sector
recorded decreases of more than 50 million
pounds in on- and off-site releases from 1988
to 1996. These were blast furnaces and steel
mills (SIC code 3312), with a 58.1-million-
pound reduction (39.2% decrease); primary
copper refiners and smelters (SIC code 3331),
with a 54.7-million-pound reduction (58.0%);
and primary smelters and refiners of
nonferrous metals other than copper and
aluminum (SIC code 3339), with a 52.6-
million-pound reduction (29.2%).
Forms with multiple codes in SIC code 33 had
the largest increase for 1988 to 1996:41.9
million pounds, or 60.4%. This was more than
three times the next-largest increase, which
was reported in electrornetal-lurgical products
(SIC code 3313), of 12.8 million pounds. This
was a 272.5% increase in this industry,
occurring principally in reporting of on-site
land releases of manganese compounds. The
multiple-codes forms showed increases in all media
except air.
No other industry reported a net change—increase
or decrease—of more than 10 million pounds for
the 1988-1996 period. As is true in the overall
numbers, some industries, especially those
reporting relatively large amounts, show increases
in the more recent years.
Table 8-14 provides release data for all four-digit
SIC codes in the primary metals sector, for 1988-
1996. Percentage changes by medium appear in
Figure 8-12.
Other On-site Waste Management
Aluminum extruded products (SIC code 3354)
reported the largest net decrease in other on-site
waste management since 1994 (on-site waste
management data were not collected in 1988): 81.3
million pounds, a 92.8% reduction. This was
largely the result of decreased on-site treatment.
Primary copper refiners (SIC code 3331) reported a
63.2-million-pound decrease, or 50.0%,
predominantly in on-site recycling.
Secondary refiners and smelters of nonferrous
metals (SIC code 3341) reported the largest
increase for 1994-1996. This was 79.5 million
pounds, an increase of 27.9%, and it resulted
largely from increases in on-site recycling and to a
lesser degree in on-site treatment.
Electrometallurgical products (SIC code 3313)
reported an increase of 51.6 million pounds, or
98.2%, the result of an increase in on-site
recycling.
On-site waste management data for 1994 through
1996 appear in Table 8-15 for primary metal
industries.
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management
As shown in Table 8-16, blast furnaces and steel
mills (SIC code 3312) reported the largest
313
-------
Chapters— Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Table 8-14. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996; Primary Metals, SIC Code 33
On-Slte Releases
SIC
Code
3312
3313
3315
3316
3317
3321
3322
3324
3325
3331
3334
3339
Industry
Blast Furnaces & Steel Mills
ElectKimetallurgleal Products
Steel Wire & Related Products
Cold Finishing of Steel Shapes
Slcel Pipe & Tubes
Qniy & Ductile Iron Foundries
Malleable Iron Foundries
Sled Investment Foundries
Steel Foundries, nee*
Primary Copper
Primary Aluminum
Primary Nonferrous Metals, nee*
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
as
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
7,655,589
9,540,762
9,921,525
28,109,078
561,231
412,557
872,564
72,425
354,855
562,383
520,460
1,027,717
288,738
268,810
146,310
650,382
2,497,776
2,118,124
1,730,266
2,589,817
4,518,726
4,420,746
4,734,990
13,820,242
38,750
89,971
97,430
28,220
32,357
49,531
44,619
985,980
1,470,065
1,549,405
1,259,960
994,995
1,880,735
1,723,086
1,352,756
3,132,810
7,996,237
6,368,681
5,689,202
7,163,220
60,248,846
59,052,870
50,941,093
104,467,111
Surface
Water Underground
Discharges Injection
Pounds Pounds
1,118,889
503,642
563,544
2,274,214
748,031
191,387
136,292
48,817
11,078
14,682
15,046
5,034
6,674
20,144
21,622
2,229
6,561
4,498
5,027
42,191
13,310
14,369
10,717
224,123
11,770
2,590
10,950
131
65
290
45
255
6,138
3,761
6,560
2,502
4,500
3,800
4,550
54,650
5,063
8,325
3,567
40,304
8,710
11,075
14,630
50,085
203,200
174,400
129,800
644,569
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
250
250
750
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,000
251,535
175,855
159,865
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
39,320
Releases
to Land
Pounds
21,796,481
18,784,231
10,694,054
62,183,212
16,063,508
10,906,401
11,117,566
2,773,778
111,459
119,476
103,046
87,559
318,287
202,244
208,905
15,690
49,659
43,113
51,031
39,865
16,326,226
16,499,841
7,960,688
10,954,692
24,122
43,800
32,180
44,626
20,815
1,365
1,250
31,807
5,287,934
5,143,085
4,581,717
1,690,637
36,157,129
39,692,372
43,054,411
91,253,754
12,215
24,125
24,130
23,826
63,044,804
55,191,159
60,207,483
73,365,71 1
Total
On-slte
Releases
Pounds
30,774,159
29,003,035
21,308,923
93,211,073
17,372,770
11,510,345
12,126,422
2,895,020
477,392
696,541
638,552
1,120,310
613,949
491,448
377,087
669,051
2,553,996
2,165,735
1,786,324
2,671,873
20,858,262
20,934,956
12,706,395
24,999,057
74,642
136,361
140,560
72,977
53,237
51,186
45,914
1,018,042
6,764,137
6,696,251
5,848,237
2,689,134
38,293,899
41,595,113
44,571,582
94,441,214
8,013,515
6,401,131
5,716,899
7,227,350
123,302,360
114,255,104
111,163,206
177,922,227
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
59,128,809
37,573,670
31,203,817
54,774,326
141,236
104,487
84,731
1,807,121
993,664
1,500,768
1,296,213
2,867,585
1,325,842
3,590,254
518,653
974,613
796,681
1,432,276
1,100,789
545,075
10,530,513
12,017,312
12,554,705
8,301,055
150,260
235,963
198,171
673,415
51,741
108,655
93,404
273,640
9,232,614
8,529,227
6,306,047
5,280,284
1,417,770
707,850
1,115,860
11,200
143,642
94,443
116,188
' 215,430
4,250,840
4,158,956
6,544,693
2,253,874
Total On-
& Off-site
Releases
Pounds
89,902,968
66,576,705
52,512,740
147,985,399
17,514,006
11,614,832
12,211,153
4,702,141
1,471,056
2,197,309
1,934,765
3,987,895
1,939,791
4,081,702
895,740
1,643,664
3,350,677
3,598,011
2,887,113
3,216,948
31,388,775
32,952,268
25,261,100
33,300,112
224,902
372,324
338,731
746,392
104,978
159,841
139,318
1,291,682
15,996,751
15,225,478
12,154,284
7,969,418
39,711,669
42,302,963
45,687,442
94,452,414
8,157,157
6,495,574
5,833,087
7,442,780
127,553,200
118,414,060
117,707,899
180,176,101
Note, On-il tc Releases from Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R. Forms with more than one-4-digit SIC
cod* within SIC code 33 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*nec: not elsewhere classified.
314
-------
Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Table 8-14. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Primary Metals, SIC Code 33,
Continued
On-site Releases
SIC
Code
3341
3351
3353
3354
3355
3356
335?
3363
3364
3365
3366
3369
Industry
Secondary Nonferrous Metals
Copper Rolling & Drawing
Aluminum Sheet, Plate, & Foil
Aluminum Extruded Products
Aluminum Rolling & Drawing, nee*
Nonferrous Rolling & Drawing, nee*
Nonferrous Wiredrawing & Insulating
Aluminum Die-castings
Nonferrous Die-casting Exc Aluminum
Aluminum Foundries
Copper Foundries
Nonferrous Foundries, nee*
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
936,479
1,254,728
1,991,395
1,102,347
694,161
648,593
833,573
1,641,183
1,518,439
1,341,743
1,303,327
9,599,231
1,014,501
1,679,464
1,913,340
2,450,700
69,633
65,459
40,182
228,529
392,365
420,273
615,523
691,847
2,424,517
2,553,698
3,401,982
3,775,523
513,912
364,754
307,680
161,632
10,519
11,445
23,784
60,787
258,481
243,806
299,207
146,422
197,923
161,583
300,733
226,040
212,539
197,814
200,410
492,787
Surface
Water Underground
Discharges Injection
Pounds Pounds
43,314
38,005
464,473
28,173
8,728
4,975
5,304
22,903
397
447
1,859
5,679
2,530
37
26
4,250
0
0
0
750
433
1,226
481
1,555
2,430
4,955
4,686
6,145
61
1,278
822
24,089
0
0
0
0
528
536
1,010
4,754
1,797
2,260
3,024
1,255
292
80
378
750
1,493
1-.821
2,775
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
14
11
0
0
0
0
0
113
279
162
113
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
4,232,442
1,733,590
1,377,863
1,044,704
230,095
27,648
5,530
309,818
2,500
2,700
2,250
99,679
4
8
g
69,891
0
0
0
0
60,302
56,405
115,400
44,356
20,333
0
3,203
4,051
4,833
255
1,000
0
90
0
0
0
24,575
12,150
8,950
250
141,178
215,299
1 12,049
72,973
39,962
13,280
47,013
58,983
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
5,213,728
3,028,144
3,836,506
2,175,224
932,984
681,216
844,407
1,973,904
1,521,336
1,344,890
1,307,436
9,704,589
1,017,040
1,679,523
1,913,385
2,524,841
69,633
65,459
40,182
229,279
453,213
478,183
731,566
737,871
2,447,280
2,558,653
3,409,871
3,785,969
518,806
366,287
309,502
185,721
10,609
11,445
23,784
60,787
283,584
256,492
309,167
151,426
340,898
379,142
415,811
300,268
252,793
211,174
247,801
552,520
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
16,731,093
13,126,817
23,906,556
20,485,182
200,096
958,228
1,317,405
1,406,515
312,365
258,188
432,497
201,771
79,185
42,905
37,564
1,135,959
0
0
0
500
719,723
644,644
596,606
905,358
11,019,088
9,183,510
8,077,464
3,382,377
145,203
242,159
185,093
271,575
8,291
90
191
42,091
1,015,186
1,349,748
1,123,055
123,076
753,939
762,480
682,402
221,679
689,713
1,303,541
865,505
328,850
Total On-
& Off-site
Releases
Pounds
21,944,821
16,154,961
27,743,062
22,660,406
1,133,080
1,639,444
2,161,812
3,380,419
1,833,701
1,603,078
1,739,933
9,906,360
1,096,225
1,722,428
1,950,949
3,660,800
69,633
65,459
40,182
229,779
1,172,936
1,122,827
1,328,172
1,643,229
13,466,368
11,742,163
11,487,335
7,168,346
664,009
608,446
494,595
457,296
18,900
11,535
23,975
102,878
1,298,770
1,606,240
1,432,222
274,502
1,094,837
1,141,622
1,098,213
521,947
942,506
1,514,715
1,113,306
881,370
Note
code within SIC code 33 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*nec: not elsewhere classified
315
-------
Chapters — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Table 8-14. TRl On-site and Off-site Releases by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Primary Metals, SIC Code 33,
Continued
On-sltc Releases
SIC
Code Industry Year
3358 Metal Heat Treating 96
95
94
88
3399 Primary Mctnl Products, nee* 96
95
94
88
Multiple within SIC Code 33 96
95
94
88
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 33 96
95
94
88
Total for SIC Code 33 96
95
94
88
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
528,961
756,828
825,789
883,642
813,947
836,724
891,684
672,480
14,321,997
9,786,124
9,997,354
16,267,080
29,151
160,954
156,857
4,267,023
111,481,430
106,640,916
100,413,995
205,709,250
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
10
0
7
0
9,407
15,093
54,455
11,747
1,220,280
237,517
328,173
387,410
573
1,758
806
308,859
3,231,569
1,086,730
1,658,054
3,552,854
Undergro und
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
50,000
4
5
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
48,600
456,600
352,624
292,868
784,604
Releases
to Land
Pounds
0
0
0
0
254,385
255,695
269,313
81,729
49,264,891
35,450,514
32,154,940
12,356,307
852
1,086
31,313
5,026,698
213,489,081
184,419,842
172,165,293
261,634,596
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
528,971
756,828
825,796
933,642
1,077,743
1,107,517
1,215,452
765,956
64,807,168
45,474,155
42,480,467
29,010,799
30,576
163,798
188,976
9,651,180
328,658,680
292,500,1 12
274,530,210
471,681,304
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
278,089
234,142
502,453
131,488
1,334,223
1,697,182
1,641,560
289,491
46,549,511
62,151,549
58,521,194
40,429,525
4,644
520,197
332,623
10,339,592
168,003,961
162,529,241
159,355,439
157,672,647
Total On-
& Off-site
Releases
Pounds
807,060
990,970
1,328,249
1,065,130
2,411,966
2,804,699
2,857,012
1,055,447
1 1 1,356,679
107,625,704
101,001,661
69,440,324
35,220
683,995
521,599
19,990,772
496,662,641
455,029,353
433,885,649
629,353,951
Note: Outsit e Releases from Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Forms with more than one-4-digit SIC
axle within SIC code 33 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
*nec: not elsewhere classified.
-------
Chapters— Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Table 8-15. TRl Other On-site Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1993; Primary Metals, SIC Code 33
SIC
Code
3312
3313
3315
3316
3317
3321
3322
3324
3325
3331
3334
3339
Industry
Blast Furnaces & Steel Mills
Blectrotnstallnrgical Products
Steel Wire <&; Related Products
Cold Finishing of Steel Shapes
Steel Pipe & Tubes
Gray & Ductile ton Foundries
Malleable Iron Foundries
Steel Investment Foundries
Steel Foundries, nee*
Primary Copper
Primary Aluminum
Primary Nonfearous Metals, nee*
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
60,869,980
60,271,235
97,361,641
NA
103,881.994
121,019,260
51,829,119
NA
13,609
69,592
109,620
NA
0
0
1,483,300
NA
34,673,216
34,423,000
13,329,000
NA
19,844,260
14,922,373
20,392,952
NA
0
0
1,953,000
NA
1,261,033
3,067,473
789,638
NA
23,976,223
31,514,085
14,272,095
NA
63,190,113
68,124,204
126,383,578
NA
64,610,698
54,194,907
39,635,294
NA
158,106,267
155,803,566
175,881,652
NA
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
3,737,684
2,872,804
3,887,285
NA
0
0
3,600
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
Treated
On-site
Pounds
90,270,099
41,092,804
43,027,067
NA
145,565
53,681
643,341
NA
1,355,402
1,489,732
1,395,688
NA
21,354,655
17,261,196
13,240,163
NA
2,771,541
3,354,673
3,054,804
NA
450,443
787,301
400,396
NA
0
9,696
34,992
NA
26,035
24,470
47,994
NA
50,306
12,347
1,529
NA
0
0
9,000
NA
7,279,689
6,451,050
20,414,126
NA
67,390,754
58,828,714
43,550334
NA
Total Other
On-sfte Waste
Management
Pounds
154,877,763
104,236,843
144,275,993
NA
104,027,559
121,072,941
52,476,060
NA
1,369,011
1,559,324
1,505,308
NA
21,354,655
17,261,196
14,723,463
NA
37,444,757
37,777,673.
16,383,804
NA
20,294,703
15,709,674
20,793,348
NA
0
9,696
1,987,992
NA
1,287,068
3,091,943
837,632
NA
24,026,529
31,526,432
14,273,624
NA
63,190,113
68,124,204
126,392,578
NA
71,890,387
60,645,957
60,049,420
NA
225,497,021
214,632,280
219,431,986
NA
Note. Data from Section 8 of Form R. Forms with more than oae-4-digit S 1C code within SIC code 33 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
*nee: not elsewhere classified
317
-------
Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Table 8*15. TRI Other On-site Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Primary Metals, SIC Code 33,
Continued
SIC
Code
3341
3351
33S3
3354
3355
3356
3357
3363
3364
3365
3366
Industry
Secondary Nonferrous Metals
Copper Rolling & Drawing
Aluminum Sheet, Plate, & Foil
Aluminum Extruded Products
Aluminum Rolling & Drawing, nee*
Nonforous Rolling & Drawing, neo*
Nonfcrrous Wiredrawing & Insulating
Aluminum Die-castings
Nonfcrrous Die-casting Exo. Aluminum
Aluminum Foundries
Copper Foundries
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
318,079,966
246,643,664
246,643,664
NA
325,900,391
281,476,767
312,105,658
NA
6,237,233
13,610,949
12,781,359
NA
2,902,706
4,054,618
3,396,562
NA
0
0
0
NA
2,415,801
13,340,985
14,111,016
NA
13,392,150
14,100,955
10,142,671
NA
30,440,128
46,597,930
19,560,026
NA
226,469
113,009
1,074,000
NA
5,306,555
8,255,161
6,761,341
NA
18,270,757
17,661,213
18,037,541
NA
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
15,460,330
11,233,296
10^45,225
NA
0
15,017
113,611
NA
0
32,700
730,000
NA
0
0
0
NA
4,524,860
4,744,757
4,484,090
NA
0
10,632
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
Treated
On-site
Pounds
46,326,753
45,354,190
45,354,190
NA
332,175
404,997
377,280
NA
16,863,591
13356,333
10,597,916
NA
3,369,538
97,710,335
84,071,575
NA
29,000
56,200
759,000
NA
7,280,901
6,949,037
5,279,971
NA
15,870,044
14,847,831
15,082,861
NA
40,971
773,403
848,466
NA
18
100
0
NA
192,064
124,315
152,158
NA
0
10,641
0
NA
Total Other
On-site Waste
Management
Pounds
364,406,719
291,997,854
291,997,854
NA
326,232,566
281,881,764
312,482,938
NA
38,561,154
38,200,578
33,924,500
NA
6,272,244
101,779,970
87,581,748
NA
29,000
88,900
1,489,000
NA
9,696,702
20,290,022
19,390,987
NA
33,787,054
33,693,543
29,709,622
NA
30,481,099
47,381,965
20,408,492
NA
226,487
113,109
1,074,000
NA
5,498,619
8,379,476
6,913,499
NA
18,270,757
17,671,854
18,037,541
NA
Note; Data from Section 8 of Form R. Forms with more than one-4-digit SIC code within SIC code 33 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*ne« not elsewhere classified.
318
-------
Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Table 8-15. TRl Other On-site Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Primary Metals, SIC Code 33,
Continued
SIC
Code Industry ¥ear
3369 Nonferrous Foundries, nee* 96
95
94
88
3398 Metal Heat Treating 96
95
94
88
3399 Primary Metal Products, nee* 96
95
94
88
Multiple within SIC Code 33 ' 96
95
94
88
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 33 96
95
94
88
Total for SIC Code 33 ' 96
95
94
88
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
7,779,646
5,923,600
4,562,508
NA
143,912
240,236
3,697,631
NA
9,906,103
18,935,275
18,804,550
NA
289,386,432
324,223,224
274,244,093
NA
663,664
8,794,863
24,410,475
NA
1,561,479,306
1,547382,144
1,513,279,562
NA
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
0
250
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
13,452,131
11,671,369
8,671,395
NA
0
0
0
NA
37,175,005
30,580,825
28,435,206
NA
Treated
On-site
Pounds
473,680
342,239
233,000
NA
1,178,471
521^71
444,372
NA
55,003
9,033
378,614
NA
38,714,560
39,699,594
45,753,532
NA
0
40
1,483,080
NA
321,821,258
349,525323
330,031,172
NA
Total Other
On-site Waste
Management
Pounds
8,253,326
6,265,839
4,795,508
NA
1,322,383
761,857
4,142,003
NA
9,961,106
18,944,308
19,183,164
NA
341,553,123
375,594,187
328,669,020
NA
663,664
8,794,903
25,893,555
NA
1,920,475,569
1,927,488,292
1,871,745,940
NA
Note Data fiom Section 8 of Form R Forms wita more than one-4-digit SIC code within SIC code 33 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*nec: not elsewhere classified
decreases since 1994 in transfers off-site for further
waste management (data for some types of off-site
transfers were not collected in 1988). This
reduction was 71.9 million pounds, or 19.1%.
Transfers to recycling was the largest component of
this reduction. Miscellaneous primary nonferrous
metal refiners (SIC code 3339) were second with a
19.4-million-pound decrease, or 86.1%, also chiefly
in transfers to recycling.
Multiple-codes forms carried the largest increase in
transfers off-site for further waste management:
45.3 million pounds, or 62.6%, and this reflected
increases in all transfer types except to POTWs.
Second was primary copper refining (SIC code
3331) with 30.4 million pounds or 144.3%. This
was from increases in transfers to recycling and to
treatment. Secondary nonferrous metal refiners
(SIC code 3341) reported 16.2 million pounds more
in off-site transfers in 1996 than in 1994, a 57.6%
increase. Transfers to recycling also increased in
this industry.
Facilities with Large Increases and Decreases
in Releases, 1988-1996
The release of zinc compounds plays a large role in
the rankings of all five of the top increasers for total
on- and off-site releases from 1988 to 1996. Zinc
Corporation of America in Monaca, Pennsylvania
(SIC code 3333), ranked first with a total increase
of 20.8 million pounds. The zinc smelter reported
no transfers off-site for disposal for zinc
compounds in 1988 and 16.0 million pounds in
1996. Smelting is not 100% efficient and the slag
by-product contains residual zinc. During a clean-
up operation that lasted from 1993 to 1996, slag
was removed from the facility grounds and
319
-------
iJM',
Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Table 8-16. TR1 Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996; Primary
Metals, SIC Code 33
SIC
Code
3312
3313
3315
3316
3317
3321
3322
3324
3325
3331
3334
3339
Industry
Blast Furnaces & Steel Mills
Elcctrometallurgical Products
Sf eet Wire & Related Products
Cold Finishing of Steel Shapes
Steel Pipe & Tubes
Gray & Ductile Iron Foundries
Malleable Iron Foundries
Steel Investment Foundries
Steel Foundries, nee*
Primary Copper
Primary Aluminum
Primary Nonfetfous Metals, nee*
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
268,823,209
306,654,969
367,666,708
NA
1,290,494
698,366
1,096,811
NA
7,965,305
5,013,717
4,320,402
NA
24,522,053
12,948,404
23,504,968
NA
11,952,200
14,241,632
17,218,027
NA
6,858,912
7,384,362
7,561,687
NA
108,867
103,041
66,399
NA
2,705,889
2,602,628
3,772,440
NA
4,832,058
8,045,934
5,789,173
NA
44,592,387
24,733,569
19,641,455
NA
2,692,028
1,118,908
4,381,161
NA
3,097,640
13,551,556
22,432,554
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
64,427
21,818
22,159
NA
0
0
0
NA
1,200
3,520
10,712
NA
0
0
0
NA
55,792
95,334
92,027
NA
175,229
126,102
145,926
NA
0
0
0
NA
491
0
171
NA
250
250
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
500
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
34,308,418
10,505,775
7,971,086
19,326,580
316,321
452,469
188,499
118,885
962,334
1,253,512
622,860
237,682
4,174,001
2,026,954
743,847
174,128
2,133,577
3,343,428
401,653
1,144,426
183,886
358,835
27,340
2,103,747
9,812
0
0
0
63,670
5,804
19,325
39,169
402,954
525,052
314,006
172,227
6,876,151
4,822,340
1,423,049
29,011
38,499
7,915
55,483
501,659
34,045
36,371
121,462
62,920
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
723,823
597,547
398,041
1,874,273
1,280
55
145
1,434
6,990
35,634
8,222
126,029
2,195
1,764
1,815
9,979
106,278
20,686
15,960
32,019
105,341
42,510
30,823
105,671
1,005
1,390
2,980
29,577
879
5,948
4,224
32,268
1,047
32,030
13,330
58,748
315
565
565
10,400
0
0
0
0
1,856
25,029
29,308
6,079
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
260,671
1,852,705
0
8,151,206
0
0
0
250
0
750
9,604
4,116
0
0
1,676,000
63,390
5
5
0
250
2,024
0
71,810
29,262
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
17,001
0
250
0
3,250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
5
0
0
Total Transfers
Off-site for
Further Waste
Management
Pounds
304,180,548
319,632,814
376,057,994
NA
1,608,095
1,150,890
1,285,455
NA
8,935,829
6,307,133
4,971,800
NA
28,698,249
14,977,122
25,926,630
NA
14,247,852
17,701,085
17,727,667
NA
7,325,392
7,911,809
7,837,586
NA
1 19,684
104,431
69,379
NA
2,770,929
2,614,380
3,796,160
NA
5,236,309
8,603,516
6,116,509
NA
51,468,853
29,556,474
21,065,069
NA
2,731,027
1,126,823
4,436,644
NA
3,133,791
13,612,961
22,583,324
NA
K Transfers OlMte for Further Waste Management fiomSection 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R. Forms with more than one-4-digrt
SIC code within SIC codc33a« assigned to the"multiple" category
*nec: not elsewhere classified.
320
-------
Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Table 8-16. TR1 Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Primary
Metals, SIC Code 33, Continued
SIC
Code
3341
3351
3353
3354
3355
3356
3357
3363
3364
3365
3366
3369
Industry Year
Secondary Nonfenous Metals
Copper Rolling & Drawing
Aluminum Sheet, Plate, & Foil
Aluminum Extruded Products
Aluminum Rolling & Drawing, nee*
Nonferrous Rolling & Drawing, nee*
Nonferrous Wiredrawing &. Insulating
Aluminum Die-castings
Nonferrous Die-casting Exc. Aluminum
Aluminum Foundries
Copper Foundries
Nonferrous Foundries, nee*
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
41,515,735
30,564,906
25,059,316
NA
37,886,932
41,609,193
36,257,143
NA
3,699,616
6,238,488
8,170,589
NA
2,009,788
2,229,805
1,950,654
NA
0
24,000
30,000
NA
3,975,533
14,930,862
11,769,884
NA
179,466,898
175,301,822
173,100,805
NA
9,822,808
9,414,442
9,852,956
NA
508,267
259,681
2,220,189
NA
1,731,046
1,535,974
1,647,469
NA
6,734,132
5,916,697
3,995,407
NA
4,643,623
4,128,113
2,241,972
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
8,730
4,941
5,356
NA
0
0
0
NA
241,933
402,172
612,960
NA
1,495,394
1,403,644
1,437,354
NA
24,945
261,129
48,231
NA
4,930
0
9,700
NA
2,069,048
928,154
849,749
NA
56,813
0
1
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
14,529
16,428
9,055
NA
0
0
0
NA
Transfers to Transfers
Treatment to POTWs
Pounds Pounds
2,680,431
2,740,920
2,767,720
2,312,732
322,111
87,467
83,753
823,027
57,686
84,852
200,028
342,764
53,900
57,381
63,392
557,904
0
11,000
- 12,505
18,066
338,881
312,945
386,269
464,363
395,517
499,046
456,205
1,064,494
9,667
29,519
21,641
574,593
9,920
6,700
2,150
0
255
0
5
4,189
57,907
27,899
36,626
78,098
125,528
42,878
71,991
10,040
9,028
12,293
15,616
28,926
76,117
53,899
51,083
59,752
320
298
305
1,266
2,100
1,623
4,584
957,842
0
5
5
0
4,279
4,627
3,847
71,556
28,338
3,816
13,614
27,769
22,233
936
1,879
193,485
300
55
255
81,398
10,337
7,466
5,670
1,750
829
308
555
535
7,916
1,565
1,591
11,042
Total Transfers
Other Off-site for
Off-site Further Waste
Transfers Management
Pounds Pounds
SOO
5
206,250
130,157
0
75,174
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
129,660
0
0
1,010
0
5
0
0
0
250
0
129,697
101,776
0
0
250
2,900
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
12,418
0
0
5
0
500
44214,424
33,323,065
28,054,258
NA
38,285,160
41,825,733
36,391,979
NA
3,999,555
6,725,810
8,983,882
NA
3,561,182
3,692,453
3,455,984
NA
24,945
296,134
91,751
NA
4,323,628
15,248,434
12,169,700
NA
181,960,051
176,732,838
174,550,070
NA
9,911,521
9,444,897
9,876,727
NA
518,487
266,436
2,222,594
NA
1,741,638
1,543,440
1,653,144
NA
6,807,397
5,961,332
4,054,061
NA
4,777,067
4,172,561
2,315,554
NA
Note Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (exelnding transfers off-site to disposal) ofForm R. FOOTS with more than one-4-digit
SIC code within SIC code 33 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*nec: not elsewhere classified
321
-------
Chapters— Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Table 8-16. TR! Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Primary
Metals, SIC Code 33, Continued
SIC
Code Industry Year
339S Mewl Heat Treating 96
95
94
88
3399 Primary Metal Products, nee* 96
95
94
88
Multiple within SIC Code 33 96
95
94
88
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 33 96
95
94
88
Total for SIC Code 33 96
95
94
88
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
395,923
340,938
211,918
NA
3,455,076
3,172,141
2,925,849
NA
105,185,507
64,860,247
62,590,031
NA
1,167,982
6,005,053
4,266,789
NA
781,639,908
763,629,448
823,742,756
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
28,145
12,264
25,135
NA
5,810
7,940
6,123
NA
1,241,225
430,514
317,225
NA
3,600
4,355
1,500
NA
5,492,991
3,718,565
3,593,384
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
58,211
189,654
99,950
50,559
41,642
46,287
58,661
60,590
8,914,134
4,246,229
7,114,472
14,999,967
0
54,266
30,974
834,234
62,569,458
31,775,498
23,294,952
46,106,054
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
26,420
1,526
36,299
78,275
28,611
37,250
32,787
7,265
2,227,391
2,370,533
2,270,961
839,033
261
825
7,955
346,714
3,395,489
3,260,183
2,952,419
4,993,085
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
250
19,000
0
0
250
41
0
0
0
19,013
0
0
0
158,271
263,705
1,928,899
2,107,539
8,830,043
Total Transfers
Off-site for
Further Waste
Management
Pounds
508,699
544,382
373,552
NA
3,531,139
3,263,618
3,023,670
NA
1 17,568,257
71,907,523
72,292,689
NA
1,171,843
6,064,499
4,307,218
NA
853,361,551
804,312,593
855,691,050
NA
Note: Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R, Forms with more than on&4-digit
SIC code within SIC code 33 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
*nc« not elsewhere classified.
disposed of in an off-site landfill. This accounted
for a majority of the facility's increase in releases.
The number two facility for increases was Nucor
Steel in Crawfordsville, Indiana (SIC code 3312
reported in 1996). A 15.5-million-pound increase
in transfers off-site for disposal of zinc compounds
in 1996 made up 91.8% of the facility's 16.9
million-pound overall increase. The Nucor Steel
facility was being built in 1988 and did not go into
production until mid-1989. The facility began
reporting on zinc compounds in 1990. Rouge Steel
in Dearborn, Michigan (SIC code 3312), was third
in releases with a 13.0-million-pound net increase.
Transfers of zinc compounds off-site for disposal
increased from 250 pounds in 1988 to 12.0 million
pounds in 1996. (This facility also ranked fourth in
decreases of production-related waste for 1991 to
1996). Asarco Inc., East Helena, Montana (SIC
code 3339), had an 11.5-million-pound total
increase in releases, 59.6% of which was due to an
increase in the amount of zinc compounds released
on-site to land (a 6.9 million-pound increase).
GM Powertrain Defiance in Defiance, Ohio (SIC
code 3321), was fifth in increases of releases with a
net increase of 11.3 million pounds. This foundry
reported an 11.8-million-pound increase in zinc
compounds released on-site to land. The facility
receives galvanized sheet scrap metal for melting
and recasting for automobile production. Zinc,
being the primary component of the protective
coating on galvanized metals, vaporizes during the
melting process and is captured in wet-dust
collectors. The aqueous waste from the dust
collectors is sent to settling ponds. The GM facility
attributes the increase in zinc compound releases to
an increase in the amount of galvanized scrap metal
received.
The top facility for decreases in releases,
Magnesium Corporation of America in Rowley,
Utah (SIC code 3339), reported a 43.0-million-
pound decrease in total releases. The facility
produces elemental magnesium from magnesium
chloride. At one point in the process, a magnesium
322
-------
Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
oxide by-product is treated with chlorine as a
purifying agent and excess chlorine is emitted to
air. The facility has reduced the amount of chlorine
in its air emissions by improving the efficiency of
the process involving chlorine and by installing a
chlorine reduction burner which controls about
90% of the chlorine leaving the stack. Reduction of
chlorine in point source air emissions accounted for
all of the facility's decrease.
Zinc compounds were primarily responsible for
four of the top five facility decreases in releases.
The second-ranked facility, Asarco, Inc., a copper
smelter in Hayden, Arizona (SIC code 3331),
reported a 15.0 million-pound reduction in releases
of zinc compounds, 60.4% of the facility's total
releases (24.8 million pounds). The reduction was
partly accounted for by a process change in which
slag is reprocessed to recover zinc left over from
prior smelting of raw material. According to
Asarco, a small part of the reduction may be due
to a decrease in the amount of zinc compounds
present in the raw material. Third in decreases, Doe
Run Company in Herculaneum, Missouri (SIC
code 3339), a lead smelter, reported a 15.4-million-
pound reduction in zinc compounds, 73.2% of the
21.0 million-pound overall decrease. Nearly all of
this reduction was in the category of on-site
releases to land. The reduction was partly due to a
decreased amount of zinc present in the raw
material. This facility was a participant in EPA's
33/50 Program, as documented in EPA's 33/50
Program Success Story: The Doe Run Company,
Reducing Land Releases from Lead Production by
Improving Concentrate Quality (EPA 745-K-96-
065, December 1996). Doe Run's project to reduce
lead in wastes included a change in mining and
milling operations that provide the raw material
sent to the smelter. The changes included instituting
tighter process controls, and conducting training to
improve the efficiency of the materials separation
process and provide raw materials with fewer
impurities.
Phelps Dodge Hidalgo, Inc., in Playas, New
Mexico (SIC code 3331 in 1988) ranked fourth for
decreases in releases with a 12.7 million-pound
total reduction. Eleven million pounds of zinc
compounds were reported in 1988, primarily in on-
site releases to land, and no zinc releases were
reported in 1996. The copper smelter ceased using a
water treatment chemical that contained zinc. Part
of the decrease may also be due to a reduction in
the amount of zinc present in the concentrate
(which results from initial processing of copper ore)
that is brought on-site for smelting. Fifth in
decreases, Republic Engineered Steels in Canton,
Ohio (SIC code 3312), reduced transfers of zinc
compounds off-site for disposal by over 6 million
pounds between 1988 and 1996. This accounted for
52.8% of the total decrease (11.4 million pounds).
The alloy and stainless steel manufacturer uses
100% scrap metal as raw material. A large portion
of this is galvanized metal that contains zinc
compounds. This minimill melts scrap in an electric
arc furnace, which produces zinc-laden dust. The
dust is collected and sent off-site for recycling.
The top facility for decreases in releases,
Magnesium Corporation of America in Rowley,
Utah (SIC code 3339), reported a 43.0-million-
pound decrease in total releases. The facility
produces elemental magnesium from magnesium
chloride. At one point in the process, a magnesium
oxide by-product is treated with chlorine as a
purifying agent and excess chlorine is emitted to
air. The facility has reduced the amount of chlorine
in its air emissions by improving the efficiency of
the process involving chlorine and by installing a
chlorine reduction burner which controls about
90% of the chlorine leaving the stack.
1991-1996 Waste Management Data
for Primary Metals
Table 8-17 summarizes on- and off-site waste
management data for the primary metals sector for
1991, when TRI began collecting this information,
and the three most recent years (1994-1996). Total
production-related waste increased from 2.31
billion pounds to 3.25 billion pounds from 1991 to
1996, an increase of 40.8%. All categories
increased except off-site energy recovery, which
323
-------
Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
decreased 52.1%, from 9.2 million pounds to 4.4
million pounds. (As noted earlier, energy recovery
represents a small portion of overall waste
management in primary metals production.)
The largest component of the overall increase was
on-site recycling, which increased 666.8 million
pounds, followed by off-site recycling, with a
134.0-million-pound increase. The increase in on-
site energy recovery was 4.7 million pounds. On-
site treatment increased by 69.2 million pounds and
off-site treatment by 24.5 million pounds.
Quantities released on- and off-site increased 47.2
million pounds from 1991 to 1996.
Figure 8-13 shows the percentage changes for on- and
off-site waste management types.
TRI facilities report absolute amounts of waste
managed and of environmental releases, not
adjusted for changes in production levels. Increases
in production in this sector since 1991 may account
for some of the increases in waste management
quantities reported to TRI. As noted in the
descriptions below, the facility with the largest
increase in waste management for 1991-1996 came
on line during this period. Some facilities, however,
attribute their large increases to changes in what
they consider recycling rather than to changes in
production or in actual quantities of TRI chemicals
in waste managed.1
Facilities with Large Increases and Decreases
in Waste Management, 1991-1996
Four of the top five facilities for increases in
production-related waste reported increases in on-
site recycling of copper compounds. The number-
one facility was PMX Industries, Inc., in Cedar
Rapids, Iowa (multiple codes 3341,3351, and
3398). The copper alloy production facility came
on-line in 1991 and did not achieve full production
capacity until 1996,'which accounts for its 99.0-
million-pound increase in the amount of copper
recycled on-site (95.1% of Hie 104.1 million-pound
overall increase). The recycling activity consists of
returning waste copper from casting and rolling
processes to furnaces for re-melting. Other facilities
with large increases in on-site recycling of copper
compounds cited changes in interpretation and
procedures regarding this reporting. The third
facility for overall increases was Revere Copper
Products, Inc., Rome, New York (SIC code 3351),
with 99.0 million pounds. The facility, whose
primary business is recycling copper for sale to
other business entities, changed its interpretation of
on-site recycling2 between the comparison years,
resulting in an increase of 90.2 million pounds.
This was also the case for the fourth-ranked
increaser, Halstead Metal Products, Inc., Wynne,
Arkansas (SIC code 3351). Halstead's reported
68.6-million-pound increase in on-site recycling of
copper was also attributed to a change in the
facility's interpretation of the reporting
requirements for on-site recycling. The facility had
a total net increase of 62.7 million pounds. The
fifth-ranked facility, BHP Copper Metals Company,
San Manuel, Arizona (multiple SIC codes 3331 and
3351), reported a 64.5-million-pound increase in
on-site recycling of copper and a total net increase
of 57.9 million pounds. The increase was due to a
change in reporting procedure regarding how
recycling applies to slag.
The second-ranked facility for increases reported an
overall increase of 102.2 million pounds, the
majority due to a 101.7-million-pound increase in
the amount of manganese compounds recycled on-
site. Elkem Metals Company in Marietta, Ohio
(SIC code 3313), described the increase as
attributable to increased accuracy about how to
report under TRI.
1 There are no TRI regulatory definitions of recycling. Facilities
may use their own interpretations for purposes of reporting to
TRI Changes in these interpretations do not represent a change in
guidance by EPA on how to report recycling.
2 There are no TRI regulatory definitions of recycling. Facilities
may use their own interpretations for purposes of reporting to
TRI Changes in these interpretations do not represent a change in
guidance by EPA on how to report recycling.
324
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Chapters— Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Table 8-17. TRI Waste Management Data, 1991,1994-1996: Primary Metals, SIC Code 33
Waste Management Activity
On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Total On-site Waste Management
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-site
Total Off-site Waste Management
Quantity Released On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
Non- Production-related Waste
Waste Management Activity
On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Total On-site Waste Management
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-site
Total Off-site Waste Management
Quantity Released On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
Non- Production-related Waste
1991
Pounds
894,659,655
32,481,224
252,659,916
1,179,800,795
633,148,871
9,248,040
40,257,219
682,654,130
443,834,329
2,306,289,254
473,183
Change
1994-1995
Percent
2.3
75
5.9
3.0
-20
3,1
70.1
06
3.8
2.4
-24.8
1994
Pounds
1,513,279,562
28,435,206
330,031,172
1,871,745,940
814,388,973
3,641,774
30,142,438
848,173,185
405,236,340
3,125,155,465
23,922,491
Change
1995-1996
Percent
0.9
216
-7.9
-0.4
-39
18.2
26.3
-2.0
16.7
1.4
-15.4
1995
Pounds
1,547,386,744
30,580,825
349,525,323
1,927,492,892
798,464,174
3,752,971
51,264,638
853,481,783
420,674,033
3,201,648,708
17,995,211
Change
1991-1996
Percent
74.5
145
27.4
62.8
212
-52.1
609
22,5
10.6
40.8
3,117.9
1996
Pounds
1,561,479,306
37,175,005
321,825,158
1,920,479,469
767,099,207
4,434,404
64,763,111
836,296,722
491,005,091
3,247,781,282
15,226,628
Note Does not include dehsted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994 and 1995,
Data from Section 8 of Form R (Current Year, Column B) of year radicated
ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulftme acid
325
-------
Chapter 8 — Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
-40
-60 1
Recycled
On-site
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Treated
On-site
On-site Waste
Management
Recycled Energy Treated
Off-site Recovery Off-site
Off-site
Off-site Waste Management
Quantity Total
Released Production-
On- and related
Off-site Waste
Figure 8-13. Percentage Change in Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste,
1991-1996: Primary Metals (SIC Code 33)
Note: Docs not include dclisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994 and 1995, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfunc acid. Data from Section 8 of
Forra R (Current Year, Column B) of year indicated.
Doe Run Company in Boss, Missouri (multiple SIC
codes 3339 and 3341 reported in 1991 and SIC
code 3341 in 1996), was first for decreases in
production-related waste. This lead smelter had a
total decrease of 48.5 million pounds, over 99%
attributable to a decrease in on-site recycling of
lead compounds. In 1994, the facility was given
approval by EPA to utilize slag as a feedstock
substitute at its Herculaneum sister facility (see the
number two facility for decreases in on- and off-site
releases, above). The Boss smelter initiated an in-
line process whereby a sulfide reagent is combined
with slag as it is generated, rendering some of the
constituent metal compounds, including lead,
unleachable. The treated slag is, therefore, no
longer a hazardous waste by RCRA standards, and
the facility no longer reports the lead compounds to
TRI.
GNB Technologies, Inc., in Vernon, California was
second for decreases with 47.6 million pounds.
This facility, a secondary lead smelter (SIC 3341),
reported 47.0 million pounds in on-site recycling of
lead compounds in 1991 and no on-site recycling
of lead compounds in 1996. The third-ranked
facility for decreases in production-related waste,
Wolverine Tube, Inc. in Decatur, Alabama
(multiple codes 3351, 3354, 3365, and 3366 in
1991 and multiple codes 3351, 3355, and 3366 in
1996), accounts for its 43.0-million-pound decrease
326
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Chapters— Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
in on-site recycling of copper by a change in how
they reported. Copper tubing that did not meet
specification at the copper and copper alloy tubing
manufacturing facility is remelted and recast. This
was historically reported as on-site recycling but is
no longer designated by the facility as on-site
recycling3. The facility had a 44.5 million-pound
total decrease.
The fourth-ranked facility, Rouge Steel Company
in Dearborn, Michigan (SIC code 3312), had a total
decrease in production-related waste of 43.3 million
pounds. About three-fourths of the reduction was
due to a drop in the amount of aluminum (fume or
dust) reported to off-site recycling. Rouge Steel
used to report the constituents of its slag to TRI and
no longer does. The slag contains large amounts of
aluminum and was interpreted by the facility to be
in the form of fume or dust in the 1988 report.
Facilities Contacted for Explanations
(alphabetical by facility):
Asarco Inc., East Helena, Montana (no explanation
provided)
Asarco, Inc., Hayden, Arizona: Ed Riege, March
20, 1998 (explanation provided)
BHP Copper Metals Company, San Manuel,
Arizona: Brent Fletcher, March 20, 1998
(explanation provided)
Doe Run Company, Boss, Missouri: Doug Bice,
April 9, 1998 (explanation provided)
Doe Run Company, Herculaneum, Missouri: Gary
Walker, March 20, 1998 (explanation provided)
Elkem Metals Company, Marietta, Ohio: Rod
Dement, March 20, 1998 (explanation provided)
GM Powertrain Defiance, Defiance, Ohio: Gary
Nobler, March 20, 1998 (explanation provided)
GNB Technologies, Vernon, California (no
explanation provided)
Halstead Metal Products, Inc., Wynne, Arkansas:
Charles Blanton, March 20, 1998 (explanation
provided)
Magnesium Corporation of America, Rowley,
Utah: Chris Menefee, March 19, 1998 (explanation
provided)
Nucor Steel, Crawfordsville, Indiana: Dave Sulc,
April 6, 1998 (explanation provided)
Phelps Dodge Hidalgo, Inc., Playas, New Mexico:
Gerry Roose, March 25, 1998 (explanation
provided)
PMX Industries, Inc., Cedar Rapids, Iowa: Jim
Howes, March 20, 1998 (explanation provided)
Republic Engineered Steels, Canton, Ohio: Eric
Rowland, March 24,1998 (explanation provided)
Revere Copper Products, Inc., Rome, New York:
Doug Bailey, March 24, 1998 (explanation
provided)
Rouge Steel Company, Dearborn, Michigan:
Charles B. Johnson, April 6, 1998 (explanation
provided)
Wolverine Tube, Inc., Decatur, Alabama: Ralph
Campbell, March 20, 1998 (explanation provided)
Zinc Corporation of America, Monaca,
Pennsylvania: Joe Uriah, March 19, 1998
(explanation provided)
3 There are no TRI regulatory definitions of recycling. Fatalities may
use their own interpretations for purposes of reporting to TRI.
Changes in these interpretations do not represent a change in
guidance by EPA on how to report recycling.
327
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Chapters— Toxics Release Inventory Data for Primary Metals
Sources
Bceeutive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget, Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987:
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes and industry descriptions,
U,S. Industry & Trade Outlook '98,VSIfMsQmw BB11, Standard & Poor's, and U.S. Department of Commerce, International
Trade Administration, 1998: economic analyses, also provides some information on environment and industrial processes
for selected industries.
U.S. Census Bureau, 1996 Annual Survey of'Manufactures: Statistics for Industry Groups and Industries, M96(AS)-1,
February 1998 : value of shipments and employment Supplemental
data from U.S. Census Bureau for some industries.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance, Office of Compliance, Profile of
the Iron and Steel Industry, Sector Notebook Project, EPA/310-R-95-005, September 1995; Profile oftheNonferrous
Metals Industry, EPA/310-R-95-010, September 1995 : industry processes and
technologies, pollutant sources, and selected economic data.
328
-------
Chapter 9
Toxics Release Inventory Data for
Electrical Equipment (SIC Code 36)
A Look at Electronic and
Other Electrical
Equipment and
Components, Except
Computer Equipment
(SIC Code 36)
The electrical equipment sector, Standard Inudstrial
Classification (SIC) code 36, manufactures several
major types of electrical equipment and
components. Major industry groups in this sector
produce equipment for transmission and
distribution of electricity, electrical motors and
related products for industry, household appliances,
and electric lighting and wiring equipment. Other
major industry groups in this sector manufacture
communications equipment (including telephone
and telegraph equipment, as well as radio and
television broadcasting equipment) and electronic
components (including circuit boards and
semiconductors). Because early computers were
large machines with many moving parts, computers
are not classified as electrical equipment (SIC code
36), but as industrial machinery (SIC code 35).
Components of computer manufacturing,
however—circuit boards and semiconductors—are
important products in SIC code 36. Box 9-1 lists
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes and
their designations for this sector. In TRI, SIC codes
are given as reported by the facilities; these may
differ from information in data collections that
focus more on economic activity.
In 1996, production of electronic and electrical
equipment and components resulted in shipments
valued at $320.61 billion, up from $301.45 billion
in 1995 (in current dollars). Employment in the
sector was 1.6 million in 1996. Electrical
equipment manufacture has grown much more
rapidly than U.S. manufacturing as a whole. From
1989 to 1996, production in the electrical
equipment sector rose 90.3%, compared to 17.6%
for all manufacturing (see Chapter 4, Table 4-10.)
The diversity of product categories in this sector
lends a certain confusion to any overview of its
performance. Analysis of this sector in U.S.
Industry & Trade Outlook '98 (DRI/McGraw-Hill,
Standard & Poor's, and U.S. Department of
Commerce, International Trade Administration,
1998), is spread among at least seven chapters that
address industries on the basis of common
economic activity rather than classification in the
SIC system. Factors that influence the production
of equipment for generating and transmitting
329
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Chapter 9 - TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
Box 9-1. SIC Code 36, Electronic and Other Electrical Equipment and Components, Except Computer Equipment: Codes
and Classifications
SIC Code
Industry Description
361 Electric Transmission and DlsMwtlon Equipment
3612 Power, Distribution, and Specialty Transformers,
3613 Switchgear and Switchboard Apparatus
3(2 Electric*! Industrial Apparatus
3621 Motors and Generators
3624 Carbon an4 Graphite Products
3625 Rel»ys and Industrial Controls
3629 Electrical Industrial Apparatus, nee*
363 Household Appliances
3631 HousdwW Cooking Equipment
3632 Household Refrigerators and Home and Farm Freezers
3633 Household Laundry Equipment
3634 Electric Housewafes and Fans
363S Household Vacuum Cleaners
3639 Household Appliances, nee*
354 Electric Lighting and Wiring Equipment
3641 Electric Lamp Bulbs and Tubes
3643 Current-Carrying Wiring Devices
3 644 Noneurrent-earryfag WHng Devices
3645 Residential Electric Lighting Fixtures
3646 Commercial, Industrial, and Institutional Electric
Lighting Fixtures
3647 Vehicular Lighting Equipment
364S Uniting Equipment, nee*
Manufacture of power, distribution, instrument, and specialty transformers,
Manufacture of switchgear and switchboard apparatus, including power switches,
circuit breakers, power switching equipment, and similar switchgear for general
industrial applications; switchboards and cubicles, control and metering panels,
fuses and fuse mountings, and steiihar switchboard apparatus and supplies
Manufacture of electric motors and power generators, motor generator sets,
railway motors and control equipment, and motors, generators, and control
equipment for gasoline, electee, and oil-electnc buses and trucks.
Manufacture of carbon, graphite, and metal-graphite brushes and brash stock;
carbon or graphite electrodes for thermal and electrolytic uses; carbon and
graphite fibers; and other carbon, graphite, and metal-graphite products.
Manufacture of relays, motor starters and controllers, and other industrial
controls and accessories.
Manufacture of miscellaneous industrial and commercial electric apparatus and
equipment, such as variable capacitors and rectifiers for industrial applications
Manufacture ofhousehold electric and nonelectric cooking equipment, such as
stoves, ranges, and ovens, except portable electric appliances. Includes
microwave and convention ovens (including portable)
Manufacture ofhousehold refrigerators and home and farm freezers,
Manufacture of laundry equipment, such as washing machines, dryers, and
ironers, for household use, including coin-operated.
Manufacture of electric housewares for heating, cooking, and other purposes,
Manufacture of electric household fins, except attic fans Includes household-type
ventilation and exhaust fans, portable household cooking appliances (except
convection and mterowave ovens), electric space heaters, and portable
hunudifieis and dehumidifiers.
Manufacture of vacuum cleaners for household use,
Manufacture of miscellaneous household appliances, such as water heaters,
dishwashers, food waste disposal units, and household sewing machines.
Manufacture of electric bulbs, tubes, and related light sources. Includes
incandescent filament lamps, vapor and fluorescent lamps, photofiash and
photoflood lamps, and electrotherapeutic lamp units for ultraviolet and
infrared radiation,
Manufacture of current-carry ing wiring devices.
Manufacture of noncurrent-carrymg wmng devices Includes conduits and
fittings; electrical insulators (except porcelain, other ceramic, and glass
insulators), outlet, switch, and fuse boxes, pole line hardware
Manufacture of residential electric lighting fixtures and equipment, fixed or
portable.
Manufacture of commercial, industrial, and institutional electric
lighting fixtures
Manufacture of vehicular lighting equipment
Manufacture of miscellaneous lighting fixtures and equipment, electric and
nonelectric, including flashlights, searchlights, ultraviolet lamp fixtures, and
infrared lamp fixtures
*n*e: not elsewhere classified.
330
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Chapter S - TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
Box 9-1. SIC Code 36, Electronic and Other Electrical Equipment and Components, Except Computer Equipment: Codes
and Classifications, Continued
SIC Code
Industry Description
365 Household Audio and Video Equipment, and Audio Recordings
3651 Household Audio and Video Equipment
3652 Phonograph Records and Prerecorded Audio Tapes
and Disks
366 Communications Equipment
3661 Telephone and Telegraph Apparatus
3663 Radio and Television Broadcasting and
Communications Equipment
3669 Communications Equipment, neo*
36? Electronic Components and Accessories
3671 EleetrouTubes
3672 Printed Circuit Boards
3674 Semiconductors and Related Devices
3675 Electronic Capacitors
3676 Electronic Resistors
3677 Electronic Coils, Transformers, and Other Inductors
3678 Electronic Connectors
3679 Electronic Components, nee*
369 Miscellaneous Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Supplies
3691 Storage Batteries
3692 Primary Battenes, Dry and Wet
3 694 Electrical Equipment for Internal
Combustion Engines
3695 Magnetic and Optical Recording Media
3699 Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Supplies, nee*
Manufacture of electronic audio and video equipment for home entertainment
(including automotive), such as television sets, radio broadcast receivers, tape
players, phonographs, and video records and players. Manufacture of public
address systems and music distribution apparatus
Manufacture of phonograph records and prerecorded audio tapes and disks.
Manufacture of wire telephone and telegraph equipment Includes modems
and other telephone and telegraph communications interface equipment
Manufacture of radio and television broadcasting and communications
equipment. Includes closed-circuit and cable television equipment, studio
equipment, light communications equipment; transmitters, transceivers, and
receivers (except household and automotive); cellular radio telephones,
communication antennas, receivers; RF pover amplifiers, and fixed and
mobile radio systems
Manufacture of miscellaneous communications and related equipment
Includes intercommunication equipment, traffic signaling equipment, and
fire and burglar alarm apparatus
Manufacture of electron tubes and tube parts.
Manufacture of printed circuit boards
Manufacture of semiconductors and related solid-state devices. Includes
semiconductor diodes and stacks, including rectifiers, integrated microotoourts
(semiconductor networks), transistors, solar cells, and light sensing and
emitting semiconductor (solid state devices).
Manufacture of electronic capacitors
Manufacture of electronic resistors.
Manufacture of electronic coils, transformers, and inductors.
Manufacture of electronic connectors
Manufacture of miscellaneous electronic components, such as receiving
antennas, switches, and waveguides.
Manufacture of storage batteries.
Manufacture of primary batteries, dry or wet.
Manufacture of electrical equipment for internal combustion engines Includes
armatures, starting motors, alternators, and generators for automobiles and
aircraft Includes ignition apparatus for internal combustion engines, including
spark plugs, magnetos, coils, and distributors
Manufacture of blank tape, disk, or cassette magnetic or optical recording
mediator use in recording audio, video, and other signals
Manufacture of miscellaneous electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies,
including high energy particle acceleration systems and equipment, electronic
simulators, appliance and extension cords, bells and chimes, and insect traps.
Sources BxecutiveOfficeofmeltesident.OfficeofManagennentaiidBudget.Ste^ 1987 Standaid Industrial Classification (SK) codes
and industry descriptions
*nec: not elsewhere classified
331
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aipter 9 — TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
Table 9-1, Summary of TRI Information by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36
Total Total
On- and Production-
OfT-jite related
Releases Waste
Rank Rank
13
26
6
19
34
28
29
4
S
16
37
14
2
18
21
27
22
33
32
17
39
31
38
36
IS
1
3
11
25
30
24
9
10
7
20
12
23
S
35
13
12
9
10
27
25
34
IS
20
28
39
24
IS
16
17
26
32
35
19
29
37
31
36
23
7
2
3
11
30
33
14
6
I
8
22
S
21
4
38
SIC
Code
3612
3613
3621
3624
3625
3629
3631
3632
3633
3634
3635
3639
3641
3643
3644
3645
3646
3647
3648
3651
3652
3661
3663
3669
3671
3672
3674
3675
3676
3677
3678
3679
3691
3692
3694
3695
3699
Industry
Transformers, Except Electronic
S witebgear & Switchboard Apparatus
Motors & Generators
Carbon & Graphite Products
Relays & Industrial Controls
Electrical Industrial Apparatus, nee*
Household Cooking Equipment
Household Reftigerators & Freezers
Household Laundry Equipment
Electric Housewares & Fans
Household Vacuum Cleaners
Household Appliances, nee*
Electric Lamps
Current-carrying Wiring Devices
Noncurreat-carrying Wiring Devices
Residential Lighting Fixtures
Commercial Lighting Fixtures
Vehicular Lighting Equipment
Lighting Equipment, nee*
Household Audio & Video Equipment
Prerecorded Records & Tapes
Telephone &Telegraph Apparatus
Radio &TV Communications Equipment
Communications Equipment, nee*
Electron Tubes
Printed Circuit Boards
Semiconductors & Related Devices
Electronic Capacitors
Electronic Resistors
Electronic Coils & Transformers
Electronic Connectors
Electronic Components, nee*
Storage Batteries
Primary Batteries, Dry & Wet
Engine Electrical Equipment
Magnetic & Optical Recording Media
Electrical Equipment & Supplies, nee*
Multiple within SIC 36
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 36
Total forSICCode 36
Total
Facilities
Number
38
42
79
26
14
16
9
13
10
16
2
12
26
47
18
10
12
6
8
13
4
12
g
11
14
214
131
27
7
16
24
106
77
22
20
17
23
75
8
1,233
Total
Forms Form As
Number Number
90
84
191
40
26
25
26
64
60
28
3
45
65
80
42
15
19
16
18
21
5
15
27
13
70
582
499
63
12
23
60
194
181
55
42
39
61
212
10
3,121
2
3
8
0
1
1
0
1
0
2
0
1
0
6
2
5
1
0
!
0
0
3
0
0
0
11
6
0
0
0
1
21
1
0
0
0
10
2
1
90
Total
Oil-site
Releases
Pounds
1,041,920
123,558
2,487,700
347,258
81,551
93,917
81,098
2,751,418
1,745,257
556,491
17,255
932,151
2,373,160
170,107
299,293
153,711
227,393
70,206
33,888
443,864
5,489
122,377
10,835
40,346
632,671
1,197,800
2,227,646
917,038
100,371
133,084
166,456
1,536,616
242,993
367,994
244,322
1,264,005
141,107
2^20,202
49,571
25,652,119
Total
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
246,650
41,590
99,028
53,653
4,588
62,649
69,869
47,550
161,947
1,250
500
208,891
728,039
237,174
7,734
5,900
250
16,754
59,300
2,604
5,081
4,006
5
7,248
339,378
7,347,373
741,476
641,297
78,797
1,750
26,446
332,553
1,480,262
2,210,035
105,717
139,443
51,952
543,769
750
16,113,258
Total
On- and
Off-Site
Releases
Pounds
1,288,570
165,148
2,586,728
400,911
86,139
156,566
150,967
2,798,968
1,907,204
557,741
17,755
1,141,042
3,101,199
407,281
307,027
159,611
227,643
86,960
93,188
446,468
10,570
126,383
10,840
47,594
972,049
8,545,173
2,969,122
1,558^35
179,168
134,834
192,902
1,869,169
1,723,255
2,578,029
350,039
1,403,448
193,059
2,763,971
50,321
41,765,377
Note; On-sitc Releases from Section S of Form R, On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R, Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to
disposal) of Form R, Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R. Total
Production-related Waste sums Section 8 (Current Year, Column B) of Form R, except Non-productton-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic incidents).
Facilities/forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 20 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*nec: not elsewhere classified.
electricity may differ markedly from those that
drive the manufacture of washing machines, printed
circuit boards, or lead-acid batteries.
Manufacture of electronic components (SIC code
367, which includes circuit boards and
semiconductors) represents the largest economic
activity within SIC code 36. The value of this
industry's shipments hi 1996 was $128 billion and
employment was 587,900, about two-fifths of the
sector's total in both measures. The second largest
industry group was production of communications
equipment (SIC code 366), which had $66.23
billion in shipments and employed 258,400,
roughly one-fifth of the sector's totals.
332
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Chapter 9 - TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
Table 9-1. Summary of TRI Information by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36, Continued
SIC
Cede
3612
3613
3621
3624
3625
3629
3631
3632
3633
3634
3635
3639
3641
3643
3644
3645
3646
3647
3648
3651
3652
3661
3663
3669
3671
3672
3674
3675
3676
3677
3678
3679
3691
3692
3694
3695
3699
Industry
Transfonners, Except Electronic
Switohgear & Switchboard Apparatus
Motors & Generators
Carbon & Graphite Products
Relays & Industrial Controls
Electrical Industrial Apparatus, nee*
Household Cooking Equipment
Household Refrigerators & Freezers
Household Laundry Equipment
Electee Housewares & Fans
Household Vacuum Cleaners
Household Appliances, nee*
Electric Lamps
Current-carrying Wiring Devices
Noncorrent-carrying Winng Devices
Residential Lighting Fixtures
Commercial LightingFixtures
Vehicular Lighting Equipment
Lighting Equipment, nee*
Household Audio & Video Equipment
Prerecorded Records & Tapes
Telephone & Telegraph Apparatus
Radio &TV Communications Equipment
Connnuiucations Equipment, nee*
Electron Tubes
Printed Circuit Boards
Semiconductors & Related Devices
Electronic Capacitors
Electronic Resistors
Electronic Coils & Transfonners
Electronic Connectors
Electronic Components, nee*
Storage Batteries
Primary Batteries, Dry & Wet
Engine Electrical Equipment
Magnetic & Optical Recording Media
Electrical Equipment & Supplies, nee*
Multiple wiUanSIC36
Invalid SIC Code wifliin SIC 36
TotalforSICCode36
Total Other
On-site Waste
Management
Pounds
- 360,608
587,653
636,199
9,560,688
24,624
2,482
4,042
138,190
855,473
71,400
206
279,422
1,566,403
2,817,437
4,120,598
1,472,725
168,917
79,000
76,000
63,458
527
970
116,171
31,598
9,141,793
14,524,539
34,547,619
4,289,484
183,297
8,624
1,594,310
10,150,879
104,469,548
10,029,861
466,862
21,578,346
781,870
3,227,519
7,735
238,037,077
Total Transfers
Off-site for
Further Waste
Management
Pounds
5,832,457
8,382,165
9,549,206
233,848
1,237,141
1363,697
252,446
1,489^00
971,627
491,937
48355
502^13
1,638,112
2,973,124
1,160,346
12,978
33,472
89,712
4,186,539
479,132
93,103
300,740
17,963
2,711,065
7,314,087
34,473,455
12,254,762
3,876,009
186,223
264,659
4,877,714
6356,214
229,399,495
2,075,312
1,404,347
1,730,414
2385,434
22,014,716
29,131
372,692,850
Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
8,272,263
9,279,624
12380,217
10,232,251
1349,794
1,602,541
411,317
4,476,760
3,671,164
1,123,011
66,044
1,942,083
6,450,360
6,254,196
5,577,483
1,593,530
425,192
267,603
4342,672
991,893
103,423
428,086
140,024
2,802,973
17,659,163
58,951,340
49332,568
9,829376
498,284
423,469
6,869,077
18349,206
358,730,306
14,742,152
3,004,650
24,834,037
3,501,883
28,404,703
87,521
679,402,239
Non-
1'roduciion-
related
Waste
Pounds
108
17,370
1,408
130
0
1,156
0
5,200
0
0
0
0
60
0
0
0-
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
103
17,220
2
0
0
0
3,075
3,536
0
0
1,601
0
304
99
51,372
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R. On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form. R, Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to
disposal) of Form R Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Total
Production-related Waste sums Section 8 (Current Year, Column B) of Form R, except. Non-production-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic incidents)
Facilities/forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 20 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*necs not elsewhere classified
Two segments of the electronic component industry
have been associated with high levels of wastes
managed by industries in SIC code 36, as is evident
in the analyses presented in this chapter:
semiconductors and related devices (SIC code
3674) and printed circuit boards (SIC code 3672).
Although computers are the primary end use of
semiconductors (half of the market in 1995), all
electronic products depend on semiconductors,
including consumer electronics (televisions, radios,
VCRs, etc.), telecommunications, industrial
machinery, and equipment for both transportation
and military uses.
The process of building a semiconductor from
silicon ingots to computer chips bearing hundreds
333
-------
Chapter & - TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
of integrated circuits involves repeated coating,
etching, and cleaning processes, using solvents and
acids. Some parts of the processes that build printed
circuit boards are somewhat similar, although
laminating, drilling, coating, and soldering
operations generate additional forms of waste,
including particulates.
The Semiconductor Industry Association TRI
data **to document individual company and
industry-wide pollution-prevention and waste-
management practices." The association cites a
decrease in hazardous air poEutants (HAPs) by
1994 to less man one fourth their 1987 level.
Semiconductor manufacture previously generated
air emissions of two ozone-depleting chemicals—
Ijlil-trichloroethane (methyl chloroform) and
Freon 113—feat have been practically eliminated in
industry processes since 1993, as noted by the
Semiconductor Industry Association. Use of
trichloroethylene has also been reduced.
Lead-acid batteries are classified among
miscellaneous electrical equipment and supplies
(SIC code 369). Eighty-three percent of the lead-
acid battery market consists of starting, lighting,
and ignition batteries, with common applications in
vehicles from motorcycles and passenger cars to
marine aircraft and military vehicles. The
remaining 17% of this market is in industrial uses.
Once a major concern in landfills, lead-acid
batteries were recycled at an average rate of 94.9%
per year from 1990 to 1995, according to the
Battery Council International. Manufacture of these
storage batteries, however, continues to generate
large quantities of TRI chemicals in waste. Battery
production is also the driving factor in the U.S. and
global lead industry.
1996 TRI Data for
Electrical Equipment
Table 9-1 summarizes TRI reporting by the
electrical equipment sector for 1996. More than
3,100 TRI reporting forms were submitted for 1996.
Just 2.9% were Form A certification statements,
certifying that a chemical's annual reportable
amount was less than 500 pounds for the year and
that the facility did not manufacture, process, or
otherwise use more than 1 million pounds. This is
considerably lower than the 10.1% national average
for all sectors. (The Form A certification statement
is explained in Chapter 1.) Of the 3,121 total forms
submitted, 582 (18.6%) reported in printed circuit
board manufacture (SIC code 3672) and 499
(16,0%) in production of semiconductors and
related devices (SIC code 3674).
As shown in Table 9-1, printed circuit board
manufacture accounted for the largest on- and off-
site releases, 8.5 million pounds or one fifth
(20.5%) of the sector's total releases. This consisted
primarily of off-site releases (transfers off-site to
disposal), which were 7.3 million pounds for this
industry or 45.6% of the sector's total off-site
releases. The largest on-site releases were reported
in the manufacture of household refrigerators and
freezers (SIC code 3632), which was 2.8 million
pounds or 10.7% of the on-site releases in this
sector. The storage battery industry (SIC code
3691) reported by far the largest portion of other
on-site waste management (104.5 million pounds or
43.9% of mat total), transfers off-site for further
waste management (229.4 million pounds, or
61.6%), and total production-related waste (358.7
million pounds, or 52.8%).
Some facilities in this sector manufacture products
in similar but distinct categories, as designated in
the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) scheme.
For example, facilities may manufacture both
electrical transformers (SIC code 3612) and electric
motors (SIC code 3621). Others may produce more
than one kind of household equipment; cooking
334
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Chapter 9 - TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
Table 9-2. Multiple SIC Codes, 1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36
Total
SIC Codes Forms Form As
Number Number
3612 3621 3699
3613 3629
3621 3624
3621 3694
3625 3643.
3625 3651 3661 3663 3669 3699
3625 3676
3631 3632
3631 3632 3633 3639
3632 3639
3643 3644
3643 3644 3646
3645 3646
3651 3671 3672 3679 3694
3651 3672
3662 3679
3663 3671
3663 3671 3679
3663 3678 3679
3672 3674
3672 3678
3672 3699
3674 3679
3675 3677
3691 3692
3694 3699
Total for SIC Code 36
39
2
1
2
g
5
4
8
8
20
2
5
1
4
2
10
1
21
2
4
10
9
28
1
13
2
212
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
Total
On-slte
Releases
Pounds
3,412
216,790
255
50
91,515
28
181,282
21,732
150,130
1,095,109
1
602
4,964
2,857
260
626
0
15,720
150
14,686
303,981
2,137
16,475
90,819
5,861
760
2,220,202
Total
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
38,364
0
0
3,187
2,600
0
0
30,114
0
15,766
10,485
0
0
0
0
12,470
0
223,965
4,257
0
2,050
80,054
0
0
207
120,250
543,769
Total Total Transfers
On- and Total Other Off-site for
Off-site On-site Waste Further Waste
Releases Management Management
Pounds 'Pounds Pounds
41,776
216,790
255
3,237
94,115
28
181,282
51,846
150,130
1,110,875
10,486
602
4,964
2,857
260
13,096
0
239,685
4,407
14,686
306,031
82,191
16,475
90,819
6,068
121,010
2,763,971
9,284
0
0
0
58,714
0
26,818
74,674
0
494,929
1,700
0
0
34,030
47,769
34,372
0
242,458
39,109
0
30,010
74,380
1,934,381
20,383
95,508
9,000
3,227,519
7,444,526
4,279
500
465
56,694
86,439
306,053
6,495
419,400
201,832
19,018
114,999
17,372
85,530
250
1,305,786
38,192
1,528,530
70
77,111
78,881
9,918,265
69,629
17,946
216,449
5
22,014,716
Total Non-
Production- Production-
related related
Waste Waste
Pounds Pounds
7,813,645
220,719
425
3,422
209,192
86,578
515,553
132,702
569,265
1,808,144
31,152
113,239
22,336
121,417
47,814
1,083,483
38,192
2,011,877
43,657
90,677
420,396
10,073,946
2,016,198
129,148
672,026
129,500
28,404,703
0
0
0
0
150
0
0
0
0
154
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
304
Note:, On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R. On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R Off-site Releases are transfers off-site to disposal
from Section 6 of Form R. Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 of Form R. Total Production-related Waste sums Section 8
of Form R, excepf Non-production-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic incidents).
ranges (SIC code 3631), refrigerators (SIC code
3632), and dishwashers (SIC code 3639). These
facilities will report multiple SIC codes on their
TRI forms. (Box 4-2 in Chapter 4 further explains
reporting of multiple SIC codes and its affect on the
analyses presented in the TRI data release.)
Table 9-2 examines TRI reporting from the 212
forms submitted with more than one code within
SIC code 36. Two industries appear in five
combinations each: printed circuit boards (SIC code
3672) and miscellaneous electronic components
(SIC code 3679). Forms reporting multiple SIC
codes are a smaller factor in the electrical
equipment manufacture than in many other sectors.
This indicates more of a concentration in this sector
on single or closely related product lines.
On- and Off-site Releases
Of the 41.8 million pounds of on- and off-site
releases reported in the electrical equipment sector,
23.8 million pounds were air emissions, or 56.9%
of the total releases. Table 9-3 and Figure 9-1
present release data for electrical equipment
manufacturing.
Off-site releases (transfers to disposal) were the
second largest release category, with 16.1 million
pounds (38.6%). Discharges to surface water
totaled 1.5 million pounds (3.5%). On-site land
releases were 436,000 pounds (1.0%), about
equally divided between RCRA subtitle C landfills
and other on-site land releases. Only 27 pounds of
underground injection was reported in this sector.
Four industries reported more than 2 million
pounds each of air emissions. These were
335
-------
Chapter 9 - TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
Table 9-3. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36 (in Rank Order)
SIC
Code
3672
3641
3674
3632
3621
3692
3633
3679
3691
3675
3695
3612
3639
3671
3634
3651
3
-------
Chapter 9 ~ TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
(SIC code 3695), which had 14.1 million pounds.
Semiconductor production (SIC code 3674)
accounted for 33.5 million pounds of on-site
treatment, the largest reporting in that category.
Carbon and graphite products (SIC code 3624), in
the industrial apparatus group, reported the largest
on-site energy recovery, 4.8 million pounds.
Figure 9-4 illustrates the distribution of on-site
waste management reporting for the top 10
industries in the electrical equipment sector.
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management
Almost two-thirds (61.6%) of the transfers off-site
for further waste management in this sector were
reported in storage battery manufacturing. This was
229.4 million pounds, of the 372.7-million-pound
total. The bulk of this reporting—both by the
Transfers Off-site
to Disposal
38.6%
Other On-site
Land Releases
0.5%
RCRA
Subtitle
C Landfllls
05%
Surface
Water
3.5%
Underground
Injection <0.1%
Figure 9-1. Distribution of TRI On-site and
Off-site Releases, 1996: Electrical Equipment
(SIC Code 36)
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of the Form R Off-site Releases from
Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R
9,000,000
T3
C
O
Q_
8,000,000 -
7,000,000 .
6,000,000 .
5,000,000 .
4,000,000 -
3,000,000 -
2,000,000 -
1,000,000 -
0
H Transfers Off-site to Disposal
n Other On-site Land Releases
• RCRA Subtitle C Landfllls
D UIJ, Class II-V Wells
a UIJ, Class I Weils
S Surface Water
• Air
3672 3641 3674 3632 Mult 3621 3692 3633 3679 3691
Figure 9-2. TRI On-sile and Off-site Releases, SIC Codes with Largest
Releases, 1996: Electrical Equipment (SIC Code 36)
Note. On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R UIJ = underground injection Forms
with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 36 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
337
-------
Chapter 9 - TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
Table 9-4. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, 1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36 (in Rank Order)
SIC
Code
3691
3674
3695
3672
3679
3692
3624
3671
3675
3644
3643
3678
3641
3645
3633
3699
3621
3613
3694
3612
3639
3676
3646
3632
3663
3647
3648
3634
3651
3669
3625
3677
3631
3629
3661
3652
3635
Industry
Storage Batteries
Semiconductors & Related Devices
Magnetic & Optical Recording Media
Printed Circuit Boards
Electronic Components, nee*
Primary Batteries, Dry & Wet
Carbon & Graphite Products
Electron Tubes
Electronic Capacitors
Noncuirent-canying Wiring Devices
Multiple within SIC 36
Current-carrying Wiring Devices
Electronic Connectors
Electric Lamps
Residential Lighting Fixtures
Household Laundry Equipment
Electrical Equipment & Supplies, nee*
Motors & Generators
Switchgear& Switchboard Apparatus
Engine Electrical Equipment
Transformers, Except Electronic
Household Appliances, nee*
Electronic Resistors
Commercial Lighting Fixtures
Household Refrigerators & Freezers
Radio & TV Communications Equipment
Vehicular Lighting Equipment
Lighting Equipment, nee*
Electric Housewares & Fans
Household Audio & Video Equipment
Communications Equipment, nee*
Relays & Industrial Controls
Electronic Coils & Transformers
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 36
Household Cooking Equipment
Electrical Industrial Apparatus, nee*
Telephone & Telegraph Apparatus
Prerecorded Records & Tapes
Household Vacuum Cleaners
Total for SIC Code 36
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
103,789,022
933,850
14,062,691
2,000,164
2,272,825
9,567,891
353,874
3,505,895
1,634,437
3,655,994
954,565
2,481,048
101,608
371,942
1,472,695
140,253
13,063
168,540
0
242,400
63,568
119,741
151,297
0
16,000
116,171
0
0
0
63,458
31,288
0
8,624
0
4,040
1,816
0
0
206
148,298,966
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
0
81,600
0
2,354,650
4,059,106
0
4,848,730
0
0
37,895
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
'o
42,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
666
0
0
0
11,424,647
Treated
On-site
Pounds
680,526
33,532,169
7,515,655
10,169,725
3,818,948
461,970
4,358,084
5,635,898
2,655,047
426,709
2,272,954
336,389
1,492,702
1,194,461
30
715,220
768,807
467,659
587,653
224,462
297,040
117,681
32,000
168,917
122,190
0
79,000
76,000
71,400
0
310
24,624
0
7,735
2
0
970
527
0
78,313,464
Total Other
On-site Waste
Management
Pounds
104,469,548
34,547,619
21,578,346
14,524,539
10,150,879
10,029,861
9,560,688
9,141,793
4,289,484 .
4,120,598
3,227,519
2,817,437
1,594,310
1,566,403
1,472,725
855,473
781,870
636,199
587,653
466,862
360,608
279,422
183,297
168,917
138,190
116,171
79,000
76,000
71,400
63,458
31,598
24,624
8,624
7,735
4,042
2,482
970
527
206
238,037,077
Note: Other On-slte Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R. Forms with mose than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 36 are assigned to the "multiple"
category,
*nec: not elsewhere classified.
Storage battery industry and for the sector as a
whole—occurred in transfers to recycling. Overall,,
recycling represented 92,7% of the sector's
transfers for iurther waste management. Table 9-5
presents these data for four-digit SIC codes in
electrical equipment manufacturing. Figure 9-5
illustrates the distribution of these transfers.
Recycling was also the largest off-site transfer type
reported by other industries in SIC code 36 with
relatively high totals for off-site transfers, but
somewhat less exclusively, as shown in Table 9-5.
Also, although semiconductors and related devices
ranked fourth overall, this industry reported the
largest amounts in transfers to energy recovery (3.2
338
-------
million pounds) and transfers to POTWs (5.1
million pounds), and the second largest in transfers
to treatment (1.8 million pounds). Printed circuit
boards ranked first (with 2.0 million pounds) in
transfers to treatment. Figure 9-6 illustrates
reporting of off-site transfers for further waste
management for me industries with the largest
totals.
1996 TRI Data by State for
Electrical Equipment
California had the largest number of forms in
electrical equipment manufacture, as shown in
Table 9-6, with 377 or 12.1% of the total. No other
had as many as 200. California did not rank
Chapter 9 - TRI Data for Bectrical Equipment
Treated On-
site
32.9%
Energy
Recovery
On-site
4.8%
Recycled
On-site
62.3%
Figure 9-3. Distribution of TRI Other On-site Waste
Management, 1996; Electrical Equipment
(SIC Code 36}
Note. Data from Section 8 of the Form R
I
o
£L
120,000,000
100,000,000 -
80,000,000 -
60,000,000 _
40,000,000 .
20,000,000 .
•Treated
0 Energy Recovery
H Recycled
0
3674 3672 3679 3692 3624 3671 3675 3644
Figure 9-4. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, SIC Codes with Largest
Totals, 1996; Electrical Equipment (SIC Code 36)
Notes Other On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R.
339
-------
-Jf*
£^j||jChapter 9 — TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
Table 9-5. TR! Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, 1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36 {in Rank Order)
SIC
Co*
3491
3672
3674
3621
3613
3671
3679
3612
3678
3648
3675
3643
3669
3699
3692
3695
3641
3O2
3694
3629
3625
3644
3633
3639
3634
36St
3661
3677
3631
3624
3676
3652
3647
3635
3646
3663
3645
Industry
Stonge Batteries
Printed Circuit Boards
Multiple within SIC 36
Semiconductors & Related Devices
Motors & Generators
S wilehgear & Switchboard Apparatus
Electron Tubes
Electronic Components, nee*
Transformere, Except Electronic
Electronic Conncetois
Lighting Equipment, nee*
Electronic Capacitors
Cunent-canying Wiring Devices
Communications Equipment, nee*
Electrical Equipment & Supplies, nee*
Primary Batteries, Diy & Wet
Magnetic & Optical Recording Media
Electric Lamps
Household Hefiigeratois & Freezers
Engine Electrical Equipment
Electrical Industrial Apparatus, nee*
Rctoys & Industrial Controls
Noneurrertt-earrying Wiring Devices
Household Laundry Equipment
Household Appliances, nee*
Electric Housewares & Fans
Household Audio & Video Equipment
Telephone & Telegraph Apparatus
Eleetejttie Coils & Transformers
Household Cooking Equipment
Carbon & Graphite Products
Electronic Resistois
Prerecorded Records & Tapes
Vehicular Lighting Equipment
Household Vacuum Cleaners
Commercial Lighting Fixtures
InvalMSIC Code within SIC 36
Radio &TV Communications Equipment
Residential Lighting Fixtures
Total forSlCCodc36
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
227,556,700
29,117,449
20,283,719
2,223,075
9,263,970
8,139,717
6,419,546
5,617,060
5,721,472
4,758,385
4,183,734
23*6,659
2,926,192
2,691,945
1,749,593
1,915,651
277,653
1,125,452
1,133,408
1,371,989
1,243,891
1,211,263
1,039,784
647,22!
390,588
486,293
419,171
294,672
253,478
246,086
201,050
134,786
88397
51,597
48,100
19,677
29,121
17,463
5,338
345,621345
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
20,344
1,636,044
292,774
3,191,701
225377
2323
277,142
286,857
104,576
18,727
0
271,600
0
S,98S
250
41,280
952,735
56,515
273,347
18,998
100,907
1384
65,840
49,992
50,400
2,444
40,995
5,800
1,400
750
29,202
8327
3,707
29,215
0
10,515
0
0
2,590
8,084,043
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
1,060,430
1,956,470
273,570
1,785,498
44,373
44,943
359,820
134,678
5,538
15,867
2,055
967,195
33,882
7,875
4,083
110,493
127,440
204,838
14,059
11,270
6,553
23,244
5,061
2,037
2,970
0
17,469
251
9,781
2,000
2,990
41,110
715
7,900
250
2,530
0
500
4,800
7,294,538
Transfers
toPOTWs
Pounds
762,021
1,606,958
626,647
5,054.488
15,486
195,182
257,579
317,369
871
84,735
750
320,555
13,046
1,260
631,508
8,088
372,586
251307
68,486
2,090
12,346
1,250
49,661
272,377
58,255
3,200
1,497
17
0
3,610
606
2,000
284
1,000
5
750
10
0
250
10,998,130
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
' 0
156,534
538,006
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
694,794
Total Off-site
Transfers
for further
Waste
Management
Pounds
229,399,495
34,473,455
22,014,716
12,254,762
9,549,206
8,382,165
7,314,087
6,356,214
5,832,457
4,877,714
4,186,539
3,876,009
2,973,124
2,711,065
2385,434
2,075,512
1,730,414
1,638,112
1,489300
1,404,347
1,363,697
1,237,141
1,160346
971,627
502,213
491,937
479,132
300,740
264,659
252,446
233,848
186,223
93,103
89,712
48355
33,472
29,131
17,963
12,978
372,692,850
No te: Off-si te Transfers for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R, Other Off-site Transfers are
trans fc rs tepefied a without valid waste management code Forms with more than one 4-digrt SIC code within SIC code 36 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
*nce$ not elsewhere classified.
highest, however, in. any reporting category shown
in Table 9-6. The state with the largest on- and off-
site releases was Pennsylvania, with 7.9 million
pounds; this is largely fee effect of a facility
reporting error in off-site releases (transfers for
disposal). Three reported more than 2 million
pounds each in on- and off-site releases: Kentucky
(3.0 million pounds), Ohio (2.8 million pounds),
and Indiana (2.6 million pounds).
Four states reported more than 20 million pounds
in other on-site waste management. Indiana led
this list with 25.3 million pounds, followed by
Kansas with 24.6 million pounds, Tennessee with
23.2 million pounds, and Alabama with 21.2
million pounds. Kansas was first for transfers off-
site for further waste management (36.1 million
pounds) and for total production-related waste
(61.0 million pounds). Second in the category of
340
-------
Chapter 9— TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
off-site transfers was Texas, with 33.8 million
pounds, and California was third with 29.0 million
pounds. For total production-related waste,
California was,second with 51.7 million pounds,
and Indiana was third with 49.4 million pounds.
Map 9-1 shows the geographic distribution of total
on- and off-site releases in the electrical equipment
sector.
To Recycling
92.7%
To Energy
Recovery
2,2%
To Treatment
2.0%
-To PQTWs
3.0%
Other Off-site
Transfers
0.2%
Figure 9-5. Distribution of TRI Transfers Off-site
for Further Waste Management, 1996: Electrical
Equipment (SIC Code 36)
Note: Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6
(excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Other Off-site Transfers are
transfers reported without a valid waste management code.
250,000,000
tfl
"O
c
3
O
O.
200,000,000 .
150,000,000 -
100,000,000
50,000,000
• Other Off-site Transfers
QToPOTWs
• To Treatment
SI To Energy Recovery
• To Recycling
3691 *3672 Mult 3674 3621 3613 3671 3679 3612 3678
Figure 9-6, TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, SIC
Codes with Largest Totals, 1996: Electrical Equipment
(SIC Code 36)
Note: Off-site Transfers for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Other Off-site Transfers ate
transfers reported without a valid waste management code Forms with more than on 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 36 are assigned to the "multiple" category
341
-------
Chapter 9 - TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
Table 9-6. Summary of TRI Information by State, 1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36
Total
St*(c Faculties
Number
Alabama
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
NewYocfc
North Carolina
OWo
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania*
Pueno Rfco
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Total for
SK Code 36
12
28
17
160
16
25
I
26
26
4
77
57
19
12
22
7
S
7
46
19
31
12
39
7
2
17
19
2
52
54
64
12
19
60
19
6
31
4
43
55
S
7
21
11
3
46
1,233
Total
Forms
Number
33
91
62
377
44
47
2
63
61
12
174
149
67
29
62
19
21
11
116
26
65
36
104
20
2
49
25
16
176
117
167
23
71
130
38
11
100
5
116
169
26
18
SI
24
4
92
3,121
Form As
Number
1
0
0
2
1
2
0
I
0
I
13
9
0
0
0
1
0
3
8
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
9
3
4
2
0
5
4
0
1
0
2
4
0
0
1
I
0
7
90
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
1,960,575
172,108
1,462,988
643,092
60,392
363,618
210
106,885
361,825
45,810
1,036,696
2,243,441
1,175,622
163,962
2,879,379
73,940
57,869
65,165
509,715
162,771
214,083
676,952
898,646
83,128
0
135,402
49,967
61,645
1,120,909
563,055
1,530,546
67,944
1,091,055
683,686
31,305
39,381
912,959
30,243
1,523,077
467,314
32,655
131,975
767,826
194,027
1,745
796,531
25,652,119
Total
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
18,667
20,380
164,510
296,311
4,587
2,021
0
1,234,545
216,504
19,429
165,222
344,645
178,369
264,305
71,762
67,600
115,690
1,000
133,435
1,916
25,616
2,235
464,939
43,022
0
63,223
14,396
27,992
454,222
591,363
1,281,901
30
2,948
7,262,262
289,584
45,560
950,21-8
32
459,646
156,759
968
3,325
119,582
78,063
18,489
435,985
16,113,258
Total
On- and
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
1,979,242
192,488
1,627,498
939,403
64,979
365,639
210
1,341,430
578,329
65,239
1,201,918
2,588,086
1,353,991
428,267
2,951,141
141,540
173,559
66,165
643,150
164,687
239,699
679,187
1,363,585
126,150
0
198,625
64,363
89,637
1,575,131
1,154,418
2,812,447
67,974
1,094,003
7,945,948
320,889
84,941
1,863,177
30,275
1,982,723
624,073
33,623
135,300
887,408
272,090
20,234
1,232,516
41,765,377
Total Transfers
Total Other Off-site for
On-site Waste Further Waste
Management Management
Pounds Pounds
21,182,260
5,289,170
2,024,807
16,633,328
5,105,124
552,087
0
1,637,861
6,347,504
196,964
1,631,833
25,317,676
14,004,493
' 24,632,371
530,058
170,631
1,029,983
30,862
1,289,248
16,302
1,623,403
5,160,898
17,032,797
46,440
0
2,096,282
332,61 1
505,490
10,708,429
1,166,280
10,372,594
20,260
4,952,476
12,189,874
344,952
241,006
10,220,736
33,902
23,153,160
5,881,309
360,616
706,507
571,732
1,222,718
1,974
1,468,069
238,037,077
2,512,368
4,574,626
860,418
29,016,309
1,092,289
3,714,434
4,966,134
8,186,619
18,754,544
116,059
17,138,164
21,145,315
12,510,946
36,145,448
9,221,072
12,613,759
282,821
98,880
3,234,513
2,710,893
6,057,883
969,870
21,087,131
4,998,443
250
2,627,629
11,398,499
729,967
15,410,994
11,777,689
18,522,376
571,107
7,379,840
10,520,890
2,669,672
929,355
12,835,533
51,400
4,185,542
33,780,776
1,427,190
382,160
4,778,205
920,162
27,977
9,756,699
372,692,850
Total Non-
Production- Production-
related related
Waste Waste
Pounds Pounds
25,784,586
9,725,187
6,765,539
51,701,428
6,339,452
4,622,167
4,966,364
11,732,348
26,055,775
328,400
20,912,736
49,414,408
27,958,664
61,025,104
12,821,186
12,880,508
1,479,599
194,405
5,744,353
2,796,438
7,920,977
9,484,151
39,413,821
5,174,686
1,271
4,896,613
11,795,129
1,324,832
29,316,567
22,707,150
32,369,313
657,298
13,329,531
30,689,543
3,601,193
1,253,319
25,496,737
130,045
31,855,365
40,831,174
1,551,086
1,224,072
6,266,457
2,303,886
47,630
12,511,746
679,402,239
1,601
1
0
0
0
0
0
120
156
0
1,255
0
1,408
0
10
0
0
0
210
5,123
0
814
0
0
0
0
1
0
12,600
442
0
0
0
2,150
0
0
5,032
0
17,370
14
0
5
0
0
0
3,060
51,372
Note; Oit-sMc Releases from Section 5 of Form R. On-s!te Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R. Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to
disposal) of Form R. Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Total
Production-related Waste sums Section 8 (Current Year, Column B) of Form R, except Non-production-related Waste (remedial/catastrophic incidents)
• One Pennsylvania facility reported 6,792,500 pounds of off-site releases (transfers off-site to disposal) in error.
342
-------
Map 9-1. Total On- and Off-site Releases, 1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36
Alaska
Hawaii
Puerto Rico
Pounds
•I More than 2,000,000
• 1,000,000 to 2,000,000
H! 100,000 to 1,000,000
I | 0 to 100,000
X = no reports
I
I
to
I
i
sr
I
3
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Pom R and Off-site Releases ftom Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R.
-------
ipter 9 - TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
Table 9-7. The 15 Chemicals with the Largest Total On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36 (in
Rank Order)
CAS
Number
„_*
1330-20-7
—
—
1717-00-6
—
I03-8S-3
—
79-01-6
7S-93-3
75-09-2
7664-41-7
127-18-4
63-12-2
—
Chemical
Lead compounds
Xylcne (mixed isomcrs)
Nitrate compounds
Glycol ethers
1,1-Dichloro-l-fluoroetliane
(»CFC-141b)
Manganese compounds
Toluene
Zinc compounds
Trichlorocthylcne
Methyl ethyl kctonc
Dichloromethane
Ammonia
Tetrachlorocthylcne
N,N-Dimethylfoimamide
Barium compounds
Subtotal
Total for SIC Code 36
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
67,278
5,364,033
8,065
2,415,624
2,387,085
107,793
2,094,414
47,540
2,037,091
1,149,824
1,123,964
835,814
800,348
784,201
7,790
19,230,864
23,753,157
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
3,494
250
1,395,444
12,508
0
647
385
3,335
7
770
0
16,950
1
0
1,572
1,435,363
1,462,615
Underground Injection
Class I Class H-V
Wells
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
22
Wells
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
On-site Land Releases
RCRA Other
Subtitle C On-site Land
Landfills
Pounds
62,380
0
0
0
0
0
0
19,634
0
0
0
5
0
1,350
0
83,369
210,430
Releases
Pounds
5,452
13,647
0
750
0
5
7,002
58,163
0
0
1,810
0
0
0
756
87,585
225,890
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
138,604
5,377,930
1,403,509
2,428,882
2,387,085
108,445
2,101,801
128,672
2,037,098
1,150,594
1,125,774
852,769
800,349
785,551
10,118
20,837,181
25,652,119
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
7,655,823
20,764
1,113,948
66,380
50,838
2,072,948
32,506
1,924,162
2,855
251
23,667
73,276
8,216
2,810
764,898
13,813,342
16,113,258
Total On-
& Off-site
Releases
Pounds
7,794,427
5,398,694
2,517,457
2,495,262
2,437,923
2,181,393
2,134,307
2,052,834
2,039,953
1,150,845
1,149,441
926,045
808,565
788,361
775,016
34,650,523
41,765,377
Note: On-slte Releases from Section 5 of Form R. Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R
1996 TRI Data by
Chemical for Electrical
Equipment
The top 15 chemicals for total on- and off-site
releases in electrical equipment manufacture appear
in Table 9-7. Lead compounds led this list (7.8
million pounds) and accounted for the largest
portion of off-site releases (7.7 million pounds in
transfers off-site to disposal). The major source of
this reporting of lead compounds was printed
circuit board manufacturing (SIC code 3672), with
6.8 million pounds of lead compounds in transfers
to disposal.
Xylene, a solvent and cleaning agent, ranked
second among all TRI chemicals for on- and off-
site releases in electrical equipment reporting.
Almost all of the 5.4 million pounds reported as
releases was emitted to air. Two industries
accounted for the majority of the xylene releases—
electric lamp bulbs and tubes (SIC code 3641), with
1.8 million pounds, and motors and generators (SIC
code 3621), with 1.1 million pounds.
The top 15 chemicals accounted for 34.7 million
pounds (83.0%) of the 41.8 million pounds of total
releases in this sector in 1996.
OSHA Carcinogens
On- and off-site releases in this sector of chemicals
designated as OSHA carcinogens totaled 6.1
million pounds in 1996, as shown in Table 9-8.
(OSHA carcinogens and the bases for their
designation appear in Box 2-4 in Chapter 2.) The
majority (5.3 million pounds, 87.2%) was released
to air; 722,000 pounds was released off-site
(transferred to disposal).
Of the top 15 chemicals for on- and off-site releases
in the electrical equipment sector (see Table 9-7),
four are OSHA carcinogens: trichloroethylene,
dichloromethane, tetrachloroethylene, and N,N-
dimethylformamide. Releases of these four
344
-------
Chapter 9 — TRl Data for Electrical Equipment
Table 9-8. TRl On-site and Off-site Releases of OSHA Carcinogens by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36 (in
Rank Order)
On-site Land Releases
SIC
Code
3679
3612
3675
3634
3621
3624
3674
3651
3691
3641
3672
3694
3692
3671
3678
3645
3695
3661
3639
3677
3644
3643
3629
3613
3646
3699
3625
3647
3631
3669
3633
3635
3676
3652
3663
3632
3648
Total Mr
Industry Emissions
Pounds
Electronic Components, nee*
Multiple within SIC 36
Transformers, Except Electronic
Electronic Capacitors
Electric Housewares & Fans
Motors & Generators
Carbon & Graphite Products
Semiconductors & Related Devices
Household Audio & Video Equipment
Storage Batteries
Electric Lamps
Printed Circuit Boards
Engine Electrical Equipment
Primary Batteries, Dry & Wet
Electron Tubes
Electronic Connectors
Residential Lighting Fixtures
Magnetic & Optical Recording Media
Telephone & Telegraph Apparatus
Household Appliances, nee*
Electronic Coils & Transformers
Noncurrent-carrying Wiring Devices
Current-carrying Wiring Devices
Electrical Industrial Apparatus, nee*
Swrtchgear & Switchboard Apparatus
Commercial Lighting Fixtures
Electrical Equipment & Supplies, nee*
Relays Sc Industrial Controls
Vehicular Lighting Equipment
Household Cooking Equipment
Communications Equipment, nee*
Household Laundry Equipment
Household Vacuum Cleaners
Electronic Resistors
Prerecorded Records & Tapes
Radio & TV Communications Equipment
Household Refrigerators & Freezers
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 36
Lighting Equipment, nee*
Subtotal 5
Total for SIC Code 36 23
982,128
518,643
484,976
422,147
390,638
317,034
220,580
206,373
223,370
20,236
15,139
154,617
66,112
149,618
132,778
126,851
129,989
10,464
117,171
102,358
87,107
87,112
52,328
74,387
50,599
47,486
37,594
35,365
13,056
1,029
20,236
325
17,255
11,967
5,479
4,413
3,973
3,355
15
,344,303
,753,157
Surface Underground Injection
Water Class I Class H-V
Discharges Wells Wells
Pounds Pounds Pounds
4
691
5
0
no
5
19
7
0
557
0
276
0
0
45
49
0
0
0
84
0
0
0
12
0
0
293
0
0
258
0
194
0
0
0
0
0
0
130
2,739
1,462,615
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
22
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
RCRA Otter
Subtitle C On-site Land
Landfills Releases
Pounds Pounds
15,981
0
0
1,350
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
15
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
17,601
210,430
0
0
1,808
2
0
5
4,105
0
0
0
0
0
39,617
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
250
0
0
0
45,807
225,890
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
998,113
519,334
486,789
423,499
390,748
317,044
224,704
206,380
223,370
20,793
15,139
154,893
105,744
149,618
-132,823
126,900
129,989
10,464
117,171
102,442
87,107
87,112
52,338
74,404
50,599
47,486
38,137
35,365
13,056
1,287
20,236
519
17,255
11,967
5,489
4,663
3,973
3,355
145
5,410,450
25,652,119
Off-site
Releases
Transfer's
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
4,843
37,427
2,000
2,811
250
8,677
40,813
20,304
2,603
195,312
142,408
750
45,782
0
48
5,281
0
108,485
6
4,630
750
250
25,506
2,649
510
0
355
2,300
16,754
23,189
0
19,575
500
0
5,081
0
0
0
1,800
721,649
16,113,258
Total On-
& Off-site
Releases
Pounds
1,002,956
556,761
488,789
426,310
390,998
325,721
265,517
226,684
225,973
216,105
157,547
155,643
151,526
149,618
132,871
132,181
129,989
118,949
117,177
107,072
87,857
87,362
77,844
77,053
51,109
47,486
38,492
37,665
29,810
24,476
20,236
20,094
17,755
11,967
10,570
4,663
3,973
3,355
1,945
6,132,099
41,765,377
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R, Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code
within SIC code 36 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*nec: not elsewhere classified.
chemicals totaled 4.8 million pounds (78.1%) of the
6.1-million-pound total. The OSHA carcinogen
with the fifth highest releases was styrene, with
523,000 pounds. The OSHA carcinogen with the
largest off-site releases (transfers to disposal) was
nickel compounds with 275,000 pounds.
Miscellaneous electronic components (SIC code
3679) reported the largest amount, 1.0 million
pounds (16.4%), almost all of which was in air
emissions. Figure 9-7 shows the on- and off-site
releases of the four-digit SIC codes with the largest
OSHA carcinogen releases.
345
-------
Chapter 9 - TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
1,200,000
I
I
• Transfers Off-site to Disposal
D Other On-site Land Releases
H RCRA Subtitle C Landfills
• Surface Water
• Air
Underground
Injection = 0
3679
Mult.
3612
3675
3634
Figure 9-7. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of OSHA Carcinogens, SIC
Codes with Largest Totals, 1996: Electrical Equipment
(SIC Code 36)
Note: Oil-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R. Off-site Releases ftom Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R Forms with more than one 4-digit
SIC code within SIC code 36 ate assigned to the "multiple" category
1996 TRI Chemicals in
Waste for Electrical
Equipment
The electrical equipment sector reported a total of
679.4 million pounds of TRI chemicals in
production-related waste for 1996, as shown in
Table 9-9. Off-site recycling amounted to 381.2
million pounds, or 56.1% of total production-
related waste. On-site recycling was the next largest
category, with 148.3 million pounds, or 21.8%.
With 251.8 million pounds recycled off-site and
103.8 million pounds recycled on-site, storage
battery manufacturing (SIC code 3691) accounted
for the majority of this reporting. These two
amounts represented 52.3% of the total reporting of
TRI chemicals in production-related waste in this
sector. The second-largest total production-related
waste was that of printed circuit board manufacture
(SIC code 3672, 59.0 million pounds) and third was
semiconductor production (SIC code 3674,49.3
million pounds).
After on- and off-site recycling, on-site treatment
was the next largest waste management option for
the electrical equipment sector, with 78.3 million
pounds. Quantities released totaled 35.5 million
pounds. Treatment off-site and energy recovery on-
and off-site were reported in smaller quantities,
each less than 2.5% of total production-related
waste.
Figure 9-8 shows the distribution of on-site waste
management, off-site waste management, and
quantities released on- and off-site in this sector for
346
-------
Chapter 9 — TRl Data for Electrical Equipment
Table 9-9. Quantities of TRl Chemicals in Waste by 4-digit SIC Code, 1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36 (In Rank
Order)
SIC
Code
3691
3672
3674
3695
3679
3671
3692
3621
3624
3675
3613
3612
3678
3641
3643
3644
3632
3648
3633
3699
3694
3669
3639
3629
3645
3625
3634
3651
3676
3661
3646
3677
3631
3647
3663
3652
3635
Industry
a
Storage Batteries
Printed Circuit Boards
Semiconductors & Related Devices
Multiple wittan SIC 36
Magnetic & Optical Recording Media
Electronic Components, nee*
Electron Tubes
Primary Batteries, Dry & Wet
Motors & Generators
Carbon & Graphite Products
Electronic Capacitors
Switchgear & Switchboard Apparatus
Transformers, Except Electronic
Electronic Connectors
Electric Lamps
Current-carrying Wiring Devices
Noncurrent-carrying Wiring Devices
Household Refrigerators & Freezers
Lighting Equipment, nee*
Household Laundry Equipment
Electrical Equipment & Supplies, nee*
Engine Electrical Equipment
Communications Equipment, nee*
Household Appliances, nee*
Electrical Industrial Apparatus, nee*
Residential Lighting Fixtures
Relays & Industrial Controls
Electric Housewares & Fans
Household Audio & Video Equipment
Electronic Resistors
Telephone & Telegraph Apparatus
Commercial Lighting Fixtures
Electronic Coils & Transformers
Household Cooking Equipment
Vehicular Lighting Equipment
Recycled
On-skc
Pounds
103,789,022
2,000,164
933,850
954,565
14,062,691
2,272,825
3,505,895
9,567,891
168,540
353,874
1,634,437
0
63,568
101,608
371,942
2,481,048
3,655,994
16,000
0
140,253
13,063
242,400
31,288
119,741
1,816
1,472,695
0
0
63,458
151,297
0
0
8,624
4,040
0
Radio & TV Communications Equipment 1 16,171
Prerecorded Records & Tapes
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 36
Household Vacuum Cleaners
Total for SIC Code 36
0
0
206
148,298,966
Energy
Recovery
On-sitc
Pounds
0
2,354,650
81,600
0
0
4,059,106
0
0
0
4,848,730
0
0
0
-o
0
0
37,895
0
0
0
0
0
0
42,000
666
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
11,424,647
Treated
On-site
Pounds
680,526
10,169,725
33,532,169
2,272,954
7,515,655
3,818,948
5,635,898
461,970
467,659
4,358,084
2,655,047
587,653
297,040
1,492,702
1,194,461
336,389
426,709
122,190
76,000
715,220
768,807
224,462
310
117,681
0
30
24,624
71,400
0
32,000
970
168,917
0
2
79,000
0
527
7,735
0
78,313,464'
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
251,752,730
36,764,610
2,242,554
21,214,184
441,425
5,616,869
6,632,579
1,931,009
8,986,433
202,335
2,577,974
8,240,982
6,525,846
4,870,608
1,230,298
2,948,681
1,043,577
1,249,348
4,172,321
656,909
1,903,192
2,223,320
2,705,995
389,038
1,317,704
5,338
1,216,200
491,842
419,171
175,748
295,091
17,901
259,474
252,085
51,197
17,430
88,397
31,385
48,100
381,209,880
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
20,220
1,635,374
3,370,499
292,764
920,884
288,112
277,142
40,700
224,185
29,202
229,600
2,323
104,581
29,608
74,215
0
56,532
273,347
0
50,098
485
18,848
9,985
50,895
105,551
2,590
1,384
2,444
40,746
8,327
5,800
13,279
1,400
765
31,315
0
3,708
0
0
8,216,908
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
411,404
3,813,057
6,252,279
947,760
280,946
382,236
359,291
790,510
1 49,125
2,211
1,085,693
251,723
5,448
145,821
463,687
48,985
55,755
82,545
2,000
198,523
640,896
20,302
7,875
59,374
15,854
10,700
9,842
3,000
22,333
40,839
97
2,309
10,038
4,739
6,400
296
219
0
0
16,484,112
Quantity
Released
On- and
Off-site
Pounds
2,076,404
2,213,760
2,919,617
2,722,476
1,612,436
1,911,110
1,248,358
1,950,072
2,484,275
437,815
1,646,625
196,943
1,275,780
228,730
3,115,757
439,093
301,021
2,733,330
92,351
1,910,161
175,440
275,318
47,520
1,163,354
160,950
102,177
97,744
554,325
446,185
90,073
126,128
222,786
143,933
149,686
99,691
6,127
10,572
48,401
17,738
35,454,262
Total Non-
Produe- Produc-
tion- tion-
related related
Waste Waste
Pounds Pounds
358,730,306
58,951,340
49,332,568
28,404,703
24,834,037
18,349,206
17,659,163
14,742,152
12,380,217
10,232,251
9,829,376
9,279,624
8,272,263
6,869,077
6,450,360
6,254,196
5,577,483
4,476,760
4,342,672
3,671,164
3,501,883
3,004,650
2,802,973
1,942,083
1,602,541
1,593,530
1,349,794
1,123,011
991,893
498,284
428,086
425,192
423,469
411,317
267,603
140,024
103,423
87,521
66,044
679,402,239
3,536
103
17,220
304
1,601
3,075
0
0
1,408
130
2
17,370
108
0
60
0
0
5,200
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,156
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
99
0
51,372
Note: Data from Section 8 of Form R Forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 36 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
*nec: not elsewhere classified
1996. Distribution of production-related waste
for the top industries in the sector appears in Figure
9-9.
Projected Quantities of TRl
Chemicals in Waste
Table 9-10 summarizes the electrical equipment
sector's projections for on- and off-site waste
management through 1998. (As explained in
Chapter 2, facilities not only report current data but
project waste management quantities for the next
two years in their TRl submissions.) Total
production-related waste is projected to increase by
4.4% (30.1 million pounds). Projected changes
include a 12.0% decrease in quantities released on-
and off-site through 1998, from 35.5 million
pounds to 31.2 million pounds. The largest
percentage change is projected in on-site energy
recovery, a 27.2% decrease, but this method
represents a small portion overall of the sector's
347
-------
Chapter 9 - TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
management of TRI chemicals in waste (1.7% of
production-related waste in 1996). The largest
reduction in pounds is projected in off-site
recycling, a 5.6-million-pound decrease.
Increases are projected in on-site recycling and
treatment. For on-site recycling, the projected
change is a 17.8% increase, or 26.4 million pounds.
For on-site treatment, the expected increase is
19.7%, or 15.4 million pounds. These increases,
along with smaller quantities and percentages in
off-site energy recovery and treatment, contributed
to the overall projected increase of 4.4% in total
production-related waste by 1998.
Figure 9-10 displays the projected percentage
changes in on-site waste management, off-site
Off-site Waste
Management
59.7%
Quantity
Released
5.2%
On-site Waste
Management
35.0%
Figure 9-8. Distribution of TRI Production-
related Waste, 1996: Electrical
Equipment (SIC Code 36)
Note: Data from Section 8 of Form R
100%
D Quantity Released
H Treated Off-site
• Energy Recovery Off-site
D Recycled Off-site
0 Treated On-site
H Energy Recvoery On-site
• Recycled On-site
3691 3672 3674
Mult.
3695 3679 3671 3692 3621
3624
Figure 9-9. Distribution of Production-related Waste, 1996:
Electrical Equipment (SIC Code 36)
Note: Data from Section 8 of Form R. Forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 36 are assigned to the "multiple" category
348
-------
Chapter 9 - TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
Table 9-10. Current Year and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, 1996-1998: Electrical Equipment,
SIC Code 36
Waste Management Activity
On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
for SIC Code 36
Waste Management Activity
On-siteWaste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
for SIC Code 36
Current Year 1996
Total Percent
Pounds ofTotal
148,298,966 21 8
11,424,647 17
78,313,464 115
381,209,880 56 1
8,216,908 1 2
16,484,112 '24
35,454,262 5 2
679,402,239 100.0
Projected Change
1996-1997
Percent
79
-290
114
-14
24
23
-95
13
Projected 1997
Total Percent
Pounds ofTotal
160,052,084 23 2
8,115,845 12
87,241,082 127
375,729,870 546
8,413,913 1.2
16,860,308 24
32,094,402 4.7
688,507,504 100.0
Projected Change
1997-1998
Percent
91
24
75
00
06
3.8
-2.8
3.0
Projected 1998
Total
Pounds
174,658,980
8,312,982
93,756,654
375,611,989
8,465,817
17,499,728
31,197,319
709,503,469
Projected Change
1996-1998
Percent
178
-27.2
19.7
-15
30
6.2
-120
44
Percent
ofTotal
246
12
132
529
1.2
25
44
1000
Note: Current year and projected year amounts are all taken from Section 8 of Form R for 1996.
waste management, quantities released on- and off-
site, and total production-related waste.
The projected changes also indicate some
difference over time in where electrical equipment
manufacturers expect to manage TRI chemicals in
waste, but not necessarily in how they expect to do
so. On-site recycling is projected to increase from
21.8% of production-related waste hi 1996 to
24.6% in 1998, while off-site recycling is projected
to decrease from 56.1% to 52.9%. These are, and
would remain, the largest waste management
activities in electrical equipment manufacturing.
These distributions, which also appear in Table 9-
10, thus suggest relatively little movement up the
waste management hierarchy, explained in Chapter
2, although the projected decreasing role of releases
indicates some progress.
Source Reduction Activity
Table 9-11 shows that 21.9% of forms submitted in
electrical equipment manufacturing indicated one
or more source reduction activities in 1996. Printed
349
-------
Chapter 9 — TRI Date for Electrical Equipment
0)
CL
On-site Waste Off-site Waste Quantity Released Total Production-
Management Management On-and Off-site related Waste
Figure 9-10 Projected Percentage Changes in Quantities of TRI Chemicals
in Waste, 1996-1998: Electrical Equipment (SIC Code 36)
Note Current year and projected year amounts are all taken from Section 8 of Form R for 1996
circuit boards (SIC code 3672) and semiconductors
(SIC code 3674) were the two industries with me
largest numbers of such forms (122 and 118,
respectively); these were also the industries with
the largest total submissions in 1996, More than
one third (34.8%) of the forms submitted in storage
battery manufacturing (SIC code 3691) indicated
source reduction activity. Improved operating
practices were cited most often on forms in SIC
code 36 (335 forms); the second largest category
was process modifications (244 forms).
Year-to-Year
Comparisons for
Electrical Equipment
1995-1996 TRI Data for Electrical
Equipment
From 1995 to 1996, the number of forms submitted
with electrical equipment SIC codes decreased
6.3%. The number of Form A certification
statements in these submissions also decreased (by
10.9%); unlike most TRI sectors where the number
of Form A certification statements increased in
1996. Table 9-12 provides TRI data for the
electrical equipment sector for the two years.
350
-------
Chapter 9 - TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
I
Table 9-11. Number of Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity, 1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36
Forms 'Rep
Source Re<
Activiti
SIC
Code
3612
3613
3621
3624
3625
3629
3631
3632
3633
3634
3635
3639
3641
3643
3644
3645
3646
3647
3648
3651
3652
3661
3663
3669
3671
3672
3674
3675
3676
3677
3678
3679
3691
3692
3694
3695
3699
orting
action
es
Total Percent of Op
Industry Forms All Forms P
Number Number Percent
Transformers, Except Electronic
Switchgear & Switchboard Apparatus
Motors & Generators
Carbon & Graphite Products
Relays & Industrial Controls
Electrical Industrial Apparatus, nee*
Household Cooking Equipment
Household Refrigerators & Freezers
Household Laundry Equipment
Electric Housewares & Fans
Household Vacuum Cleaners
Household Appliances, nee*
Electric Lamps
Current-carrying Wiring Devices
NoncunEnt-canying Winng Devices
Residential Lighting Fixtures
Commercial Lighting Fixtures
Vehicular Lighting Equipment
Lighting Equipment, nee*
Household Audio & Video Equipment
Prerecorded Records & Tapes
Telephone & Telegraph Apparatus
Radio & TV Communications Equipment
Communications Equipment, nee*
Electron Tubes
Printed Circuit Boards
Semiconductors & Related Devices
Electronic Capacitors
Electronic Resistors
Electronic Coils & Transformers
Electronic Connectors
Electronic Components, nee*
Storage Batteries
Primary Batteries, Dry & Wet
Engine Electrical Equipment
Magnetic & Optical Recording Media
Electrical Equipment & Supplies, nee*
Multiple within SIC 36
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 36
Total for SIC Code 36
90
84
191
40
26
25
26
64
60
28
3
45
65
80
42
15
19
16
18
21
5
15
27
13
70
582 ,
499
63
12
23
60
194
181
55
42
39
61
212
10
3,121
12
9
53
7
4
7
7
6
11
5
1
9
9
17
7
3
3
1
1
7
3
1
2
4
14
122
118
23
6
2
10
50
63
21
7
13
5
39
2
684
133
107
277
175
154
280
269
94
183
179
333
200
138
213
167
200
158
63
56
333
600
6.7
74
30.8
20.0
21.0
23.6
365
500
87
167
258
348
382
167
33.3
82
184
200
219
Category of Source Reduction Activity
Raw Surface
Good Spill Material Process Cleaning Preparation Product
crating Inventory and Leak Modifi- Modifi- and and Modifi-
ractices Control Prevention cations cations Degreasing Finishing cations
dumber Number Number Number Number Number Number Number
7
3
24
2
1
2
1
0
4
1
0
3
4
10
5
0
3
0
0
0
3
0
0
2
8
56
60
5
4
2
5
27
49
12
4
9
2
16
1
335
0
1
3
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
12
23
0
0
0
1
3
6
1
2
0
2
6
0
68
0
2
8
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
1
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
14
14
1
0
0
0
2
20
5
0
1
0
3
0
79
1
2
11
2
1
3
1
6
1
0
0
1
3
3
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
4
0
24
25
6
2
0
0
12
1
2
1
3
0
12
0
131
2
1
5
1
1
4
4
0
0
2
0
5
2
2
0
0
3
0
0
1
1
0
1
3
3
63
47
12
4
0
3
20
17
14
1
6
1
14
1
244
2
2
3
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
2
2
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
3
14
3
2
2
0
1
11
1
1
1
0
0
2
0
60
4
0
8
0
0
0
1
3
4
0
1
1
1
0
1
2
0
0
0
3
0
0
1
0
0
5
3
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
41
1
0
3
0
0
0
1
0
3
0
0
0
2
2
0
2
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
2
2
9
1
2
0
0
0
3
5
0
0
0
0
8
0
48
Note. Forms with more than one 4-digit SIC code within SIC code 36 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*nec not elsewhere classified
On- and Off-site Releases
From 1995 to 1996, on- and off-site releases
increased by 3.2%, a net increase of 1.3 million
pounds. This resulted primarily from a 60.1%
increase in off-site releases (transfers to disposal) of
6.0 million pounds. The increase reported in
transfers to disposal of lead compounds in the
printed circuit board industry (SIC code 3672) was
6.4 million pounds (partly offset by decreases in
other chemicals and SIC codes).
Air emissions decreased by 19.6%, or 5.8 million
pounds; reductions occurred in both fugitive and
point-source emissions. The large percentage
increase in surface water discharges—189.0%, or
957,000 pounds—reflects an increase in discharges
of nitrate compounds (902,000 pounds) reported in
semiconductor manufacturing (SIC code 3674).
Table 9-12 and Figure 9-11 summarize on- and off-
site release data for electrical equipment
manufacturing for 1995 and 1996.
351
-------
Chapter 9 - TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
Table 9*12. Comparison of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, Other On-site Waste Management, and Transfers Off-site
for Further Waste Management, 1995-1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36
Total Facilities
Total Forms
FormRs
Form As
On-site Releases
Total Air Emissions
Fugitive Air
Point Source Air
Surface Water Discharges
Underground Injection
On-sitcLand Releases
Total On-site Releases
Off-site Releases
Transfers Off-site to Disposal
Total On- and Off-site Releases
Other On-s!te Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Total Other On-site Waste Management
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management
Transfers to Recycling
Transfers to Energy Recovery
Transfers to Treatment
Transfers to POTWs
Other Off-site Transfers
Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management
1995
Number
1,271
3,332
3,231
101
Pounds
29,526,026
7,617,276
21,908,750
506,027
5
360,363
30,392,421
10,063,276
40,455,697
99,843,391
10,495,234
101,176,929
211,515,554
380,005,358
10,500,554
9,026,805
11,589,298
10,758
411,132,773
1996
Number
1,233
3,121
3,031
90
Pounds
23,753,157
6,351,489
17,401,668
1,462,615
27
436,320
25,652,119
16,113,258
41,765,377
148,298,966
1 1,424,647
78,313,464
238,037,077
345,621,345
8,084,043
7,294,538
10,998,130
694,794
372,692,850
Change
1995 to 1996
Percent
-3.0
-6.3
-6.2
-10.9
Percent
-196
-166
-20.6
189.0
440.0
21.1
-15.6
60.1
3.2
485
8.9
-22.6
12.5
-90
-23.0
-192
-5.1
6,358 4
-93
Note; On-site Releases from Section 5 of Foim R and Off-site Releases from SecUon 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Other On-site Waste
Management from Section 8 of Form R. Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Fonn R.
Break down of Underground Injection and On-site Land Releases not requited in 1995 OtherOff-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste
management code.
352
-------
Other On-site Waste Management
Table 9-12 also gives 1995-1996 data for on-site
waste management. On-site recycling increased by
48.5 million pounds, which was 48.5%, more than
twice the decrease in on-site treatment of 22.9
million pounds, or 22.6%. The increase in on-site
recycling arose largely from an increase of 46.1
million pounds of lead compounds, reported in
storage battery manufacturing (SIC code 3691).
Energy recovery, the smallest waste management
option in reporting in the electrical equipment
sector, increased 929,000 pounds, or 8.9%. Overall,
on-site waste management in this sector showed a
26.5-million-pound increase, or 12.5%.
Transfers Off-site for
Further Waste Management
All types of transfers off-site for further waste
management (except those with invalid codes)
Chapter 9 - TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
decreased from 1995 to 1996 in the electrical
equipment sector. These data also appear on
Table 9-12. The largest reduction in pounds
occurred in reported transfers to recycling—34.4
million pounds. This was a 9.0% reduction. The
largest reduction in off-site transfers to recycling
was in reporting of lead in the storage battery
industry (SIC code 3691). As seen in the
descriptions of facilities with large increases and
decreases, later in this chapter, these were not the
same facilities as reported increases in on-site
recycling of lead compounds, mentioned above.
Transfers to energy recovery decreased by 2.4
million pounds (23.0%) and transfers to treatment
by 1.7 million pounds (19.2%). The smallest
decrease was reported in transfers to POTWs,
591,000 pounds or 5.1%. The overall reduction in
transfers off-site for further waste management was
38.4 million pounds, or 9.3%.
500
400 .
300 ,
200 -
100
-100
Air
Surface
Water
Underground
Injection
On-site
Land
Releases
Transfers
Off-site
to Disposal
Figure 9-11. Percentage Change in On-site and Off-site Releases, 1995-
1996: Electrical Equipment (SIC Code 36)
Note On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Breakdown of On-site Land
Releases and Underground Injection not required in 1995
353
-------
Chapter 9 - TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
1988-1996 TRl Data
for Electrical Equipment
As explained in Chapter 3, comparisons from the
1988 TRI baseline year to the current year rely on
the list of "core" TRI chemicals that were
reportable, with the same reporting definition, in all
years. These multi-year comparisons also review
only the data elements that were collected in all
years, which excludes from this section any
analysis that distinguishes RCRA subtitle C
landfills from other land releases as well as analysis
based on the types of underground injection wells.
On-site waste management data and transfers off-
site to recycling and to energy recovery have been
collected only since 1991; these data are included,
but cannot be compared across the full 1988-1996
period.
The number of forms reporting electrical equipment
SIC codes dropped 37.6% from 1988 to 1996, as
presented in Table 9-13. On- and off-site releases
of the 1988-1996 "core" chemicals decreased by
74.6%, or 99.0 million pounds, and decreases
occurred in all release media, as shown in
Figure 9-12. Reductions were 16.2% in off-site
releases (transfers to disposal) and 37.0% in on-site
land releases. In all other release types, the
percentage decrease was more than 80%.
Other on-site waste management activities show
increases and off-site transfers to recycling and
energy recovery show decreases from 1994 to 1996.
These data were not collected in 1988.
For the full comparison period, 1988 to 1996,
transfers to treatment decreased two thirds (66.7%,
or 11.3 million pounds), and transfers to POTWs
by half (48.1%, or 2.5 million pounds).
As noted earlier in this chapter, production in this
sector nearly doubled from 1988 to 1996, rising
I
-20 .
-40 .
-60 ,
-80 H
-100 .
-120
Air
Surface
Water
Underground
Injection
On-site
Land
Releases
Transfers
Off-site
to Disposal
Figure 9-12. Percentage Change in On-site and Off-site Releases, 1988-
1996: Electrical Equipment (SIC Code 36)
Note Docs iwt include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990,1991,1994,and 1995,andaluminumoxide,ammonta,liydrochloncaoid,andsulftiricaoid On-site
Releases from section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from section 6 (tansfets off-site to disposal) of Form R. Breakdown of On-site Land Releases and Underground
Injection iKKrequiredbefote 1996,
354
-------
Chapter 9 - TKI Data for Electrical Equipment
Table 9-13. Comparison of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, Other On-site Waste Management, and Transfers Off-site
for Further Waste Management, 1988 and 1994-1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36
Total Facilities
Total Forms
FormRs
Form As
Oa-site Releases
Total Air Emissions
Fugitive Air
Point Source Air
Surface Water Discharges
Underground Injection
On-site Land Releases
Total On-site Land Releases
Off-site Releases
Transfers Off-site to Disposal
Total On- and Off-site Releases
Other On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Other On-site Waste Management
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management
Transfers to Recycling
Transfers to Energy Recovery
Transfers to Treatment
Transfers to POTWs
Other Off-site Transfers
Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management
1988
Number
1,634
4,047
4,047
NA
Pounds
114,527,670
34,327,953
80,199,717
309,962
36,999
587,728
115,462,359
17,236,677
132,719,036
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
16,894,091
5,297,962
1,314,257
NA
1994
Number
1,213
2,688
2,688
NA
Pounds
28,729,995
6,067,827
22,662,168
54,944
0
153,909
28,938,848
7,732,906
36,671,754
96,159,323
2,073,744
47,183,395
145,416,462
346,513,941
9,301,907
7,156,203
2,523,844
13,837
365,509,732
1995
Number
1,157
2,586
2,511
75
Pounds
23,256,608
5,265,968
17,990,640
47,383
5
333,628
23,637,624
7,819,505
31,457,129
97,970,855
2,191,839
51,213,177
151,375,871
369,640,348
9,342,647
6,379,829
2,713,929
10,758
388,087,511
1996
Number
1,147
2,524
2,465
59
Pounds
18,866,942
4,501,128
14,365,814
48,491
27
370,532
19,285,992
14,467,045
33,753,037
145,834,353
2,026,264
51,682,275
199,542,892
335,785,441
7,046,203
5,617,617
2,750,887
586,488
351,786,636
Change
1988 to 1996
Percent
-29.8
-37,6
-39.1
NA
Percent
-835
-86.9
-82.1
-84.4
-99.9
-37.0
-83.3
-16.2
-74.6
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
-66.7
-481
-55.4
NA
Note: Does not include dehsted chemicals, chemicals added m 1990,1991,1994, and 1995, and aluminum oxide, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfunc acid
On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Other On-slte Waste Management
torn Section 8 of Form R. Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers, off-site to disposal) of Form R Breakdown of
Underground Injection and On-site Land Releases not required before 1996. For 1994-1996, Other Off-site Transfers aie transfers reported without a valid waste
management code For 1988, Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste management code or codes not required to be reported m 1988
NA: not required to be reported in that year
90.3% in that period; employment, declining in the
late 1980s, has also grown. TRI facilities report
absolute amounts of waste managed and of
environmental releases, not adjusted for changes in
production levels. Even with rapid growth in
production in this sector, however, all categories of
releases have been decreasing. One factor is the
decrease in ozone-depleting chemicals, as the
United States moved to ban their production in
accordance with the Montreal Protocol. Production
of 1,1,1-triehloroethane, for example, was banned
effective January 1, 1996. As described below, one
355
-------
Chapter 9 - TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
facility with large decreases in releases since 1988
stopped using this chemical in 1992. Other
facilities with large decreases also made process
and equipment changes to eliminate or reduce use
of TRI chemicals.
1988-1996 Data for Four-Digit
Industries in Electrical Equipment
Tables 9-14 through 9-16, summarize on- and off-
site releases, other on-site waste management, and
transfers off-site for further waste management for
1988 and 1994-1996 for industries at the four-digit
SIC code level within SIC code 36.
On- and Off-site Releases
The largest reduction in on- and off-site releases for
1988-1996 was reported in the miscellaneous
electronic components industry (SIC code 3679).
This was a decrease of 31.8 million pounds or
97,3%. Air emissions in this industry totaled 31.3
million pounds in 1988 and 517,000 pounds in
1996; at the same time, off-site releases (transfers
to disposal) decreased from 1.4 million pounds to
332,000 pounds. The second largest reduction
occurred in forms reporting multiple codes in SIC
code 36. This was a reduction of 12.3 million
pounds, or 85.5%. Most of the change for multiple
codes occurred in air emissions (from 12.3 million
pounds to 1.7 million pounds), followed by off-site
transfers (1.7 million pounds to 408,000 pounds).
The miscellaneous electronic components industry
(SIC code 3679) reported reductions in releases of
12.0 million pounds of methyl ethyl ketone, 5.3
million pounds of toluene, and 3.8 million pounds
of dichloromethane. In this same industry,
reductions of two ozone-depleting chemicals were
3.5 million pounds of Freon 113 and 2.5 million
pounds of lsl,l-trichloroethane. The only larger
reported decrease of an ozone-depleting chemical
was mat of the forms reporting multiple SIC codes
in the electrical equipment sector: 3.2 million
pounds of 1,1,1-trichloroethane.
Although the sector overall showed large decreases,
three industries recorded increases from 1988 to
1996. The largest was reported in manufacturing of
printed circuit boards (SIC code 3672), 2.5 million
pounds or 47.5%. Smaller increases were reported
in manufacture of primary batteries, dry and wet
(484,000 pounds, or 23.5%; SIC code 3692) and
magnetic and optical recording media (214,000
pounds, or 17.9%; SIC code 3695). All other
industries had net decreases.
Table 9-14 supplies on- and off-site release data for
all four-digit SIC codes in the electrical equipment
sector.
Other On-site Waste Management
Three electrical equipment industries reported
decreases of more than 1 million pounds in other
on-site waste management from 1994 to 1996.
(These data were not collected in 1988.) They were
electronic capacitors (SIC code 3675), with a 2.6-
million-pound reduction, or 38.3%; residential
lighting fixtures (SIC code 3645), with 1.4 million
pounds, or 49.6%; and miscellaneous electronic
components (SIC code 3679), with 1.0 million
pounds, or 20.7%. These were decreases in on-site
recycling and/or on-site treatment.
By far the largest increase was reported in
manufacturing of storage batteries (SIC code 3691).
This was an increase of 38.1 million pounds or
58.0%. This increase occurred in on-site recycling.
The next largest increase was 5.1 million pounds
for manufacture of primary batteries, dry and wet
(SIC code 3692), an increase of 107.3%, which
reflected increases in on-site recycling and on-site
treatment.
On-site waste management data for industries in
SIC code 36 appear in Table 9-15.
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management
Table 9-16 presents data on transfers off-site for
further waste management, for the 1988-1996
period, for four-digit SIC codes in SIC code 36.
356
-------
Chapter 9 - TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
Table 9-14. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases by 4-diglt SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36
On-sitc Releases
SIC
Code
3612
3613
3621
3624
3625
3629
3631
3632
3633
3634
3635
3639
Industry Year
Transformers, Except Electronic
Switehgear & Switchboard Apparatus
Motors & Generators
Carbon & Graphite Products
Relays & Industrial Controls
Electrical Industrial Apparatus, nee*
Household Cooking Equipment
Household Refrigerators & Freezers
Household Laundry Equipment
Electric Housewares & Fang
Household Vacuum Cleaners
Household Appliances, nee*
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Surface
Total Air Water Underground
Emissions Discharges Injection
Pounds Pounds Pounds
1,032,444
1,092,601
974,330
2,540,195
116,583
165,447
268,662
1,103,264
2,408,579
2,580,307
3,154,781
5,900,349
328,576
215,309
90,182
603,714
50,368
53,328
90,177
619,180
93,486
47,947
109,079
642,290
80,830
228,518
1,017,589
1,062,677
1,084,455
1,989,246
2,136,246
5,044,610
1,626,116
2,011,979
1,941,740
2,375,306
555,621
568,829
542,669
945,962
17,255
31,200
70,719
122,350
604,044
529,684
827,029
1,420,752
19
31
226
3
4,895
2,848
3,696
10,076
113
143
139
1,020
258
256
256
1,038
10
20
270
510
421
194
297
314
268
254
5
500
0
0
0
790
411
505
198
1,236
110
60
120
167
0
0
0
0
259
5
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
9,457
6,005
6,071
250
506
10
1,255
0
3,462
49,835
2,169
1,563
5
715
21,208
750
0
0
0
684
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
500
98,688
85,321
0
948
760
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
1,041,920
1,098,637
980,627
2,540,448
121,984
168,305
273,613
1,113,340
2,412,159
2,630,285
3,157,089
5,902,932
328,839
216,280
111,646
605,502
50,378
53,348
90,447
620,374
93,917
48,141
109,376
642,604
81,098
228,772
1,017,594
1,063,177
1,084,455
1,989,246
2,136,246
5,045,900
1,725,215
2,097,805
1,941,938
2,377,490
556,491
568,899
542,789
946,129
17,255
31,200
70,719
122,350
604,303
529,689
827,034
1,420,752
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
246,650
118,098
294,244
469,894
40,840
38,215
13,948
297,104
98,778
1 12,559
77,208
567,069
11,225
6,807
29,928
134,344
4,588
2,775
3,169
47,932
62,649
61,645
17,397
208,795
69,869
47,369
80,081
97,831
4,900
7,140
5,273
37,518
161,947
115,690
121,759
990,450
1,250
6,735
11,888
219,916
500
750
1,250
0
205,107
59,295
49,500
98,900
Total On-
and Off-site
Releases
Pounds
1,288,570
1,216,735
1,274,871
3,010,342 ,
162,824
206,520
287,561
1,410,444
2,510,937
2,742,844
3,234,297
6,470,001
340,064
223,087
141,574
739,846
54,966
56,123
93,616
668,306
156,566
109,786
126,773
851,399
150,967
276,141
1,097,675
1,161,008
1,089,355
1,996,386
2,141,519
5,083,418
1,887,162
2,213,495
2,063,697
3,367,940
557,741
575,634
554,677
1,166,045
17,755
31,950
71,969
122,350
809,410
588,984
876,534
1,519,652
Note On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Forms with more than one-4-digit
SIC code within SIC code 36 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*nec: not elsewhere classified
357
-------
Chapter 9 — TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
Table 9-14. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Electrical Equipment,
SIC Code 36, Continued
On-site Releases
SIC
Code
3641
3643
3644
3645
3646
3647
3648
3651
3652
3661
3663
3669
Industry Year
Electric Lamps
Current-carrying Wiring Devices
Noncurrent-carrying Wiring Devices
Residential Lighting Fixtures
ComrnereM Lighting Fixtures
Vehicular Lighting Equipment
Lighting Equipment, nco*
Household Audio & Video Equipment
Prerecorded Records & Tapes
Telephone & Telegraph Apparatus
Radio & TV Communications
Equipment
Communications Equipment, nee*
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
8S
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Surface
Total Air Water Underground
Emissions Discharges Injection
Pounds Pounds Pounds
2,362,734
2,768,629
2,607,271
2,586,244
143,164
336,882
374,038
1,236,848
298,675
369,291
447,41 1
1,822,413
153,711
193,305
299,153
526,165
227,393
326,421
439,603
605,259
65,519
197,214
413,238
511,911
31,858
26,890
56,248
213,393
320,881
276,023
681,368
1,127,888
5,479
11,837
94,489
105,446
122,372
125,422
158,195
5,179,394
10,580
29,465
82,757
687,045
28,676
88,642
172,329
1,055,561
2
I
4
252
505
250
5
4
18
16
5
1,500
0
0
0
69
0
0
0
0
0
15
15
22
2,030
500
505
0
250
250
250
500
0
0
0
0
5
1
1
4,186
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
0
0
0
0
361
1,420
520
57,948
600
1,200
2,000
340
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
255
5
5
250
0
0
0
0
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
2,362,736
2,768,630
2,607,275
2,586,496
144,030
338,552
374,563
1,294,800
299,293
370,507
449,416
1,824,253
153,711
193,305
299,153
526,234
227,393
326,421
439,603
605,259
65,519
197,229
413,253
511,933
33,888
27,390
56,758
213,393
321,131
276,273
681,618
1,128,388
5,489
11,837
94,489
105,446
122,377
125,423
158,196
5,183,580
10,835
29,470
82,762
687,296
28,676
88,642
172,331
1,055,561
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
607,775
712,037
542,353
987,998
233,140
317,699
220,595
221,824
7,100
69,894
163,250
209,363
5,900
9,900
11,150
12,787
250
500
0
46,062
16,754
18,724
18,576
108,087
59,300
52,867
64,734
250
2,604
3,574
2,866
179,630
5,081
11
11
6,983
4,006
616
463
160,892
5
0
3,900
19,631
7,248
3,832
5,047
48,931
Total On-
and Off-site
Releases
Pounds
2,970,5 il
3,480,667
3,149,628
3,574,494
377,170
656,251
595,158
1,516,624
306,393
440,401
612,666
2,033,616
159,611
203,205
310,303
539,021
227,643
326,921
439,603
651,321
82,273
215,953
431,829
620,020
93,188
80,257
121,492
213,643
323,735
279,847
684,484
1,308,018
10,570
11,848
94,500
112,429
* 126,383
126,039
158,659
5,344,472
10,840
29,470
86,662
706,927
35,924
92,474
177,378
1,104,492
Note: On-slle Releases from Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R. Forms with more than one-4-digit
SIC code wtlhin SIC code 36 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*ncc: not elsewhere classified.
358
-------
Chapter 9 ~ TO/ Data for Heefrfea/ Equipment
Table 9-14. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996; Electrical Equipment, SIC
Code 36, Continued
On-site Releases
SIC
Code
36?l
3672
3674
3675
3676
3677
3678
3679
3691
3692
3694
3695
Indnstry Year
Electron Tubes
Printed Circuit Boards
Semiconductors & Related Devices
Electronic Capacitors
Electronic Resistors •
Electronic Coils & Transformers
Electronic Connectors
Electrome Components, nee*
Stowge Batteries
Primary Batteries, Dry & Wet
Engine Electrical Equipment
Magnetic & Optical Recording Media
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
342,577
887,629
1,670,238
1,235,312
498,264
454,263
637,708
3,033,962
809,320
829,321
1,119,864
6,097,631
873,970
1,484,227
1,765,353
4,013,553
41,453
159,982
264,378
1,452,771
120,729
138,843
97,088
267,968
153,904
278,037
337,142
2,179,847
516,758
815,653
993,152
31,276441
143,291
129,859
129,856
684,391
333,129
401,190
384,430
1,122,297
175,118
246,065
248,699
2,159,811
1,236,187
1,417,216
1,675,427
1,114,752
Surface
Water Underground
Discharges Injection
Pounds Pounds
4,636
3,529
6,418
4,850
14,909
9,678
8,528
1,475
7,708
9,707
14,S96
30,025
1,270
1,682
2,080
165,166
0
0
0
0
5
1
I
0
75
si
338
850
275
108
227
16,139
3,191
2,518
3,781
5,713
224
175
1S5
87
0
0
0
1
1,000
3,905
255
750
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
12
5
0
36,749
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Releases
to Lund
Pounds
5
0
0
0
4,487
15,571
48,251
0
28,706
12,010
15,250
500
37,448
2,266
10,820
66,590
0
0
0
250
0
250
251
0
2,025
4,640
8,650
250
18,230
115
2,306
1 1,020
67,486
126,374
260
19,590
0
45
35
0
68,693
167
158
7,737
26,818
24,649
33,100
0
Total
OE-sMe
Releases
Pounds
347,218
891,158
1,676,656
1,240,162
517,670
479,512
694,487
3,035,437
845,746
851,043
1,150,010
6,164,905
912,688
1,488,175
1,778,253
4,245,309
41,453
159,982
264,378
1,453,021
120,734
139,094
97,340
267,968
156,004
282,765
346,130
2,180,947
535,263
815,876
995,685
31,303,400
213,968
258,751
133,897
709,694
333,353
401,410
384,650
1,122,384
243,811
246,232
248,857
2,167,549
1,264,005
1,445,770
1,708,782
1,115,502
Off-Site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
331,828
870,176
1,376,579
619,788
7,133,555
636,779
503,891
2,151,232
613,912
471,308
713,761
1,099,248
638,487
653,543
578,618
1,077,784
38,479
18,499
8,544
16,388
1,750
1,500
10,575
6,320
26,446
34,150
42,471
110,048
332,226
248,913
291,483
1372,209
577,262
823,725
250,450
1,059,371
2,210,035
1,467,033
1,467,952
936,965
105,717
90,341
107,292
570,180
139,443
202,482
192,902
74,435
Total Gn-
aw! Off-site
Releases
Pounds
679,046
1,761,334
3,053,235
1,859,950
7,651,225
1,116,291
1,198,378
5,1 $6,669
1,459,658
1.322,351
1,863,771
7,264,153
1,551,175
2,141,718
2356,871
5,323,093
79,932
178,481
272,922
1,469,409
122,484
140,594
107,915
274,288
182,450
316,915
388,601
2,290,995
867,489
1,064,789
1,287,168
32,675,609
791,230
1,082,476
384,347
1,769,065
2,543,388
1,868,443
1,852,602
2,059,349
349.52S
336,573
356,149
2,737,729
1,403,448
1,648,252
1,901,684
1,189,937
Note On-stte Releases ftom Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfeis off-site to disposal) of Form R Forms with more than
one-4-digrt SIC code within SIC code 36 sue assigned to the "multiple" category.
*nec: not elsewhere classified.
359
-------
Chapter 9 - TRI Data for Electrics! Equipment
Table t-14, TRI On-slte and Off-site Releases by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1904-1996; Electrical Equipment,
SIC Coda 36, Continued
On-site Releases
SIC
C«de Induiuy Year
3699 Hectrfenl Equipment & Supplies, nee* 96
95
94
88
MuWpte within SIC Code 36 96
95
94
88
InwlM SIC Code within SIC 36 96
95
94
88
TOM! for SIC Code 36 96
95
94
88
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
138,250
171,48?
292,497
1,732,072
1,666,709
1,464,316
1,940,660
12,276,889
47,884
114,104
124,200
7,841,957
18,866,942
23,256,608
28,729,995
114,527,670
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
582
550
795
13,595
5,042
10,076
11,167
8,411
0
17
274
40,712
48,491
47,383
54,944
309,962
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
27
5
0
36,999
Releases
to Laud
Pounds
2,010
3,010
1,260
250
510
10
265
418,058
0
0
70
250
370,532
333,628
153,909
587,728
Total
On-site
Eeleases
Pounds
140,842
175,047
294,552
1,745,917
1,672,26!
1,474,402
1,952,092
12,703,358
47,884
114,121
124,544
7,883,169
19,285,992
23,637,624
28,938,848
115,462,359
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
51,675
58,327
64,200
245,564
408,014
473,668
376,956
1,677,000
750
2,329
8,642
1,067,954
14,467,045
7,819,505
7,732,906
17,256,677
Total Ott-
*nd Off-site
Releases
Pounds
192,517
233,374
358,752
1,991,481
2,080,275
1,948,070
2,329,048
14,380,358
48,634
116,430
133,186
8,951,123
33,753,037
31,457,129
36,671,754
132,719,036
Note; On-$Me Releases from Section 5 of Worn R and, Off-lite Releases torn Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Bonn R Forms with mote than one-4-
dlgit SIC code within SIC code 36 are assigned to the "multiple" category,
*rte«; n« elsewhere classified.
(Some transfer types were not collected prior to
1991.) The largest decrease from 1994-1996
appeared in manufacture of storage batteries (SIC
code 3691), a 13.9-million-poimd reduction (5.7%).
This was primarily a reduction in off-site recycling.
The telephone and telegraph apparatus industry (SIC
code 3661) had a decrease of 3.3 million pounds or
91.6%. On-site recycling also accounted for the
largest portion of this reduction, Three other
Industries had decreases of more than 1 million
pounds: miscellaneous electronic components (SIC
code 3679), L8 million pounds or 23.3%; engine
electrical equipment (SIC code 3694), 1.7 million
pounds or 54.4%; semiconductors (SIC code 3674)s
1.4 million pounds or 20.8%
The largest increase in transfers off-site for further
waste management was reported in the printed
circuit board industry (SIC code 3672), and Ms was
2,8 million pounds, or 12.6%. An increase in this
industry in off-site recycling more than offset
smaller reductions other off-site transfer types. Five
industries reported increases of 1.5 million to 2.0
million pounds; electron tubes (SIC code 3671), 2,0
million pounds; miscellaneous communications
equipment (SIC code 3669), 1.8 million pounds;
miscellaneous lighting equipment (SIC code 3648),
1.8 million pounds; the multiple-SIC-eode
category, 1.8 million pounds; and electronic
connectors (SIC code 3678), 1.5 million pounds.
Facilities with Large Increases
and Decreases in Releases,1988-1996
The facility with the largest increases in on- and
off-site releases for 1988 to 1996, Duracell USA in
Lancaster, South Carolina (SIC code 3692),
reported an increase of zinc compounds and
manganese compounds totaling 587,000 pounds.
The Duracell plant manufactures AA and AAA
alkaline batteries. Zinc and manganese are the
primary electrolytic components of alkaline
batteries, Dturacell attributes the increases to
significant increases in production. The net
increase for the facility between 1991 and 1996
was 559,000 pounds.
360
-------
Chapter 9 - TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
Table 9-15. TRI Other On-site Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC
Code 36
SIC
Code
3612
3613
3621
3624
3625
3629
3631
3632
3633
3634
3635
3639
Industry
Transformers, Except Electronic
Switehgear & Switchboard Apparatus
Motors & Generators
Carbon & Graphite Products
Relays & Industrial Controls
Electrical Industrial Apparatus, nee*
Household Cooking Equipment
> Household Refrigerators & Freezers
Household Laundry Equipment
Eleotac Housewares & Fans
Household Vacuum Cleaners
Household Appliances, nee*
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
§6
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
' 96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
63,568
63,518
40,810
NA
0
0
11,900
NA
168,540
176,079
191,108
NA
7,550
6,700
5,600
NA
0
1,000
1,500
NA
1,816
0
23,530
NA
4,040
9,500
7,300
NA
16,000
539,580
465,000
NA
140,253
227,108
230,212
NA
0
0
0
NA
206
838
5,062
NA
112,750
121,931
119,500
NA
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
666
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
42,000
0
0
NA
Treated
On-site
Pounds
276,040
138,421
195,563
NA
259,795
406,774
397,486
NA
467,659
257,677
327,835
NA
1,962,834
1,009,100
1,438,000
NA
24,624
13,075
45,745
NA
0
2,492
12,180
NA
2
2
0
NA
122,190
127,143
0
NA
425,633
480,821
448,620
NA
70,000
48,000
102,440
NA
0
0
0
NA
105,600
0
1,600
NA
Total Other
On-site Waste
Management
Pounds
339,608
201,939
236,373
NA
259,795
406,774
409,386
NA
636,199
433,756
518,943
NA
1,970,384
1,015,800
1,443,600
NA
24,624
14,075
47,245
NA
2,482
2,492
35,710
NA
4,042
9,502
7,300
NA
138,190
666,723
465,000
NA
565,886
707,929
678,832
NA
70,000
48,000
102,440
NA
206
838
5,062
NA
260,350
121,931
121,100
NA
Note Data from Section 8 of Form R Forms with mote than one-4-digit SIC code within SIC code 36 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*nec: not elsewhere classified
361
-------
Chapter 9 — TRl Data for Electrical Equipment
Table 9-15, TRl Other On-site Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC
Code 36, Continued
SIC
Code
3641
3643
3644
3645
3646
3647
3648
3651
3652
3661
3663
3669
Industry
Bee trie Lamps
Cuirent-canying Wiring Devices
Noncurrent-carrying Wiring Devices
Residential Lighting Fixtures
Commercial Lighting Fixtures
Vehicular Lighting Equipment
Lighting Equipment, nee*
Household Audio & Video Equipment
Prerecorded Records & Tapes
Telephone & Telegraph Apparatus
Radio &TV Communications Equipment
Communications Equipment, nee*
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
%
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
' 96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Recycled
Oil-site
Pounds
371,942
104,048
201,611
NA
2,481,048
1,487,97?
1,045,082
NA
3,655,373
3,343,886
81,573
NA
1,472,680
2,337,476
2,922,282
NA
0
0
7,958
NA
0
18,197
33,737
NA
0
0
0
NA
63,458
125,771
93,980
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
495
32,234
NA
116,171
56,976
71,437
NA
28,388
40,796
199,478
NA
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
37,895
31,066
16,423
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
Treated
On-site
Pounds
, 799,381
490,066
595,228
NA
203,841
60,854
228,541
NA
426,709
392,319
330,734
NA
0
0
0
NA
168,917
184,506
110,437
NA
46,000
46,000
37,485
NA
76,000
58,000
0
NA
0
36,000
70,800
NA
527
639
10,784
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
310
260
15,007
NA
Total Other
On-site Waste
Management
Pounds
1,171,323
594,114
796,839
NA
2,684,889
1,548,831
1,273,623
NA
4,119,977
3,767,271
428,730
NA
1,472,680
2,337,476
2,922,282
NA
168,917
184,506
118,395
NA
46,000
64,197
71,222
NA
76,000
58,000
0
NA
63,458
161,771
164,780
NA
527
639
10,784
NA
0
495
32,234
NA
116,171
56,976
71,437
NA
28,698
41,056
214,485
NA
Note: Data from Section 8 of Form R. Forms with more than one-4-digit SIC code within SIC code 36 are assigned to the "multiple" category,
*nec: mil elsewhere classified,
362
-------
Chapter 9 - TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
Table 9-15. TRI Other On-site Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC
Code 36, Continued
SIC
Code
3671
3672
3674
3675
3676
3677
3678
3679
3691
3692
3694
j
Industry
Electron Tubes
Printed Circuit Boards
Semiconductors & Related Devices
Electronic Capacitors
Electronic Resistors
Electronic Coils & Transformers
Electronic Connectors
Electronic Components, nee*
Storage Batteries
Primary Batteries, Dry & Wet
Engine Electrical Equipment
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
3,264,095
5,316,048
2,139,252
NA
1,889,041
112,494
953,082
NA
448,850
398,600
291,563
NA
1,634,437
1,155,140
1,260,555
NA
43,797
160,360
170,840
NA
8,624
8,000
3,000
NA
101,608
112,759
103,820
NA
1,116,486
1,370,828
1,567,718
NA
103,783,022
57,163,908
65,108,048
NA
9,567,891
8,187,830
4,772,958
NA
242,400
810,544
981,882
NA
Energy
Keeovery
On-site
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
614,656
438,057
297,084
NA
81,600
598,000
431,804
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
1,249,447
1,083,416
1,289,703
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
Treated
On-site
Pounds
4,636,398
3,163,795
1,864,807
NA
4,018,166
3,081,769
5,495,759
NA
21,448,053
20,207,926
16,551,542
NA
2,535,839
5,717,687
5,499,504
NA
32,000
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
1,017,609
976,721
872,028
NA
1,633,781
1,450,610
2,186,473
NA
165,873
1,630,740
700,224
NA
329,452
80,000
810
NA
17,829
25,464
8,725.
NA
Total Other
On-site Waste
Management
Pounds
7,900,493
8,479,843
4,004,059
NA
6,521,863
3,632,320
6,745,925
NA
21,978,503
21,204,526
17,274,909
NA
4,170,276
6,872,827
6,760,059
NA
75,797
160,360
170,840
NA
8,624
8,000
3,000
NA
1,119,217
1,089,480
975,848
NA
3,999,714
3,904,854
5,043,894
NA
103,948,895
58,794,648
65,808,272
NA
9,897,343
8,267,830
4,773,768
NA
260,229
836,008
990,607
NA
Note: Data from Section 8 of Form R. Forms with more than one-4-digit SIC code within SIC code 36 are assigned to the "multiple" category
*nec: not elsewhere classified.
363
-------
Chapter 9 — TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
Table 9-15, TRI Other On-slte Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC
Code 36, Continued
SIC
Code Industry
3695 Magnetic & Optical Recording Media
3699 Electrical Equipment & Supplies, nee*
Multiple within SIC Code 36
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 36
Total for SIC Code 36
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
S3
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
14,062,691
12,665,555
12,285,166
NA
13,063
17,675
70,580
NA
954.S65
1,829,238
659,965
NA
0
0
0
NA
145,834,353
97,970,855
96,159,323
NA
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
41,300
38,730
NA
0
0
0
NA
2,026,264
2,191,839
2,073,744
NA
Treated
On-site
Pounds
7,515,655
8,298,602
7,694,313
NA
757,807
619,664
577,600
NA
2,130,016
2,197,288
1,351,125
NA
7,735
10,762
12,000
NA
51,682,275
51,213,177
47,183^95
NA
Total Other
On-site Waste
Management
Pounds
21,578,346
20,964,157
19,979,479
NA
770,870
637,339
648,180
NA
3,084,581
4,067,826
2,049,820
NA
7,735
10,762
12,000
NA
199,542,892
151,375,871
145,416,462
NA
Note: Daia from Section 8 of Form R. Forms with more than one-4-digit SIC code within SIC code 36 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
•nee: not else where classified.
Increases in releases by SIC code 36 facilities are
relatively small, compared to the other industry
sectors presented in this 1996 TRI Public Data
Release. The second, third, and fourth facilities for
increased releases in the electrical equipment sector
reported an average increase of about 446,000
pounds.
3M in Hutchinson, Minnesota (SIC code 3679),
ranked first in decreases of releases (14.2 million
pounds) due in large part to reductions in the
amount of methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) in point
source air emissions. This facility manufactures
sticky and magnetic tape. MEK is used as a solvent
in the magnetic tape coating process. The reduction
was achieved by installing carbon-bed type solvent
recovery units mat allow for the recovery and reuse
of MEK, as well as the utilization of thermal
oxidation.
Hadco Corporation in Deny, New Hampshire (SIC
code 3679 in 1988), ranked second in decreases of
releases with a net reduction of 2.3 million pounds.
Hadco, a producer of printed wiring boards,
reported a reduction of 1.9 million pounds
(combined fugitive and point source air emissions)
in dichloromethane (methylene chloride). The
chemical was used as a cleaning agent in the
manufacturing process. The facility reduced
methylene chloride releases by installing activated
carbon vapor recovery units and then wholly
eliminated its use by substituting an aqueous
cleaning solution. Hadco was a participant in
EPA's Excellence in Leadership program, or
Project XL. The project's goal is to "allow the EPA,
state environmental agencies and regulated sources
to develop and implement alternative strategies that
replace or modify regulatory requirements, produce
superior environmental performance, and promote
364
-------
Chapter 9 - TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
Table 9-16. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996; Electrical
Equipment, SIC Code 36
SIC
Code
3612
3613
3621
3624
3625
3629
3631
3632
3633
3634
3635
3639
Industry
Transformers, Except Electronic
Switchgear & Switchboard Apparatus
Motors & Generators
Carbon & Graphite Products
Relays & Industrial Controls
Electrical Industrial Apparatus, nee*
Household Cooking Equipment
Household Refrigerators & Freezers
Household Laundry Equipment
Electric Housewares & Fans
Household Vacuum Cleaners
Household Appliances, nee*
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
5,721,472
6,519,476
6,066,543
NA
8,139,717
8,809,254
8,594,021
NA
9,260,470
9,089,006
9,618,271
NA
201,050
115,029
220,187
NA
1,186,663
890,447
665,599
NA
1,243,891
1,452,418
1,355,252
NA
246,086
333,450
235,960
NA
1,005,926
862,751
737,408
NA
647,221
786,494
702,909
NA
486,293
277,630
280,100
NA
48,100
49,466
46,000
NA
389,451
485,997
490,828
NA
Transfers
to Energy Transfers to
Recovery Treatment
Pounds Pounds
104,576
101,036
101,976
NA
2,323
3,000
3,499
NA
225,377
229,205
232,286
NA
13,280
33,900
25,260
NA
1,384
0
5,650
NA
100,907
88,760
77,043
NA
750
16,813
114,761
NA
272,447
298,413
220,800
NA
49,991
100,432
132,409
NA
2,444
8,344
8,439
NA
0
0
0
NA
47,750
15,055
7,522
NA
3,588
1,530
13,516
127,135
40,723
22,632
59,824
129,594
43,705
40,644
44,362
344,488
2,990
3,197
2,964
15,982
15,504
13,950
22,166
44,348
6,553
7,096
1,228
235,577
2,000
3,010
8,900
24,697
530
4,778
1,841
801,758
2,025
2,899
3,370
476,033
0
0
0
50,929
250
0
14,880
15,500
2,970
1,770
2,129
53,907
Transfers
tePOTWs
Pounds
871
4,405
1,794
4,502
64,932
104,250
150,630
30,622
15,486
70,310
1,390
6,066
601
1,086
1,114
1,000
50
274
4,210
7,666
12,346
15
10
311
2,860
9,420
8,019
1,000
14,889
1,419
12,503
125,023
192,288
131,500
85,962
83,363
3,200
21,005
32,090
15,661
5
11
15
3,400
1,755
1,000
755
87,398
Total Transfers
Other Off-site for
Off-site Further Waste
Transfers Management
Pounds Pounds
0
0
0
18,911
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
287,389
0
0
0
13,973
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
23,130
0
0
0
1,210
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
9,784
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,830,507
6,626,447
6,183,829
NA
8,247,695
8,939,136
8,807,974
NA
9,545,038
9,429,165
9,896,309
NA
217,921
153,212
249,525
NA
1,203,601
904,671
697,625
NA
1,363,697
1,548,289
1,433,533
NA
251,696
362,693
367,640
NA
1,293,792
1,167,361
972,552
NA
891,525
1,021,325
924,650
NA
491,937
306,979
320,629
NA
48,355
49,477
60,895
NA
441,926
503,822
501,234
NA
Note Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management torn Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R. Forms with more than one-4-digit
SIC code within SIC code 36 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
*nec: not elsewhere classified
365
-------
Chapter 9 - TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
Table 9-16. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Electrical
Equipment, SIC Code 36, Continued
SIC
Code
3641
3643
3644
3645
3646
3647
3648
3651
3652
3661
3663
3669
Industry
Electric Lamps
Cufrcnt-canying Wiring Devices
Noneurrcnt-cany ing Wiring Devices
Residential Lighting Fixtures
Commercial Lighting Fixtures
Vehicular Lighting Equipment
Lighting Equipment, nee*
Household Audio & Video Equipment
Prerecorded Records & Tapes
Telephone & Telegraph Apparatus
Radio & TV Communications Equipment
Communications Equipment, nee*
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
1,125,452
1,352351
1,215,699
NA
2,895,782
4,173,187
3,770,883
NA
1,039,784
985,199
591,395
NA
5,338
5,110
11,500
NA
19,677
11,881
1,100
NA
51,597
68,302
91,647
NA
4,183,734
3,567,875
2,369,875
NA
419,171
740,290
681,148
NA
88,397
59,161
69,833
NA
294,672
2,991,074
3,577,617
NA
17,463
9,686
167,775
NA
2,691,945
1,845,751
758,153
NA
Transfers
to Energy Transfers to
Recovery Treatment
Pounds Pounds
56,515
70,145
72,615
NA
0
0
0
NA
54,362
66,249
77,197
NA
2,590
750
9,650
NA
10,515
11,240
4,269
NA
29,215
24,450
37,167
NA
0
0
0
NA
40,995
37,302
29,278
NA
3,707
480
• 445
NA
5,800
591
0
NA
0
0
250
NA
9,985
10,413
15,863
NA
191,633
243,992
140,690
153,212
33,316
39,138
35,710
177,619
4,261
3,153
1,504
166,735
4,800
4,800
3,750
39,589
2,530
4,150
1,650
65,916
7,150
10,070
13,210
53,314
2,055
1,250
250
50,000
17,469
17,065
22,130
160,610
715
862
1,512
3,777
1
6
2,365
219,059
500
4,032
6,387
11,250
7,875
39,562
101,209
132,064
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
4,211
2,347
454
26,809
11,296
63,680
79,547
44,031
49,350
829
7,961
8,142
250
505
1,005
1,000
750
0
0
0
1,000
1,265
265
77,476
750
250
15
817
1,497
17,363
20,765
182,700
284
276
285
755
17
83
15,748
210,319
0
5
305
18
1,260
1,755
15,005
27,591
Total Transfers
Other Off-site for
Off-site Further Waste
Transfers Management
Pounds Pounds
0
0
0
145,860
4
0
0
93,669
0
0
0
94
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
352
0
0
0
750
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,377,811
1,668,835
1,429,458
NA
2,940,398
4,276,005
3,886,140
NA
1,147,757
1,055,430
678,057
NA
12,978
11,165
25,905
NA
33,472
27,271
7,019
NA
88,962
104,087
142,289
NA
4,186,539
3,569375
2,370,140
NA
479,132
812,020
753,321
NA
93,103
60,779
72,075
NA
300,490
2,991,754
3,595,730
NA
17,963
13,723
174,717
NA
2,711,065
1,897,481
890,230
NA
Note; Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R. Forms with mote than one-4-digit
SIC code wiihin SIC code 36 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
•nees not elsewhere classified.
366
-------
Chapter 9 - TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
Table 9-16. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management by 4-digit SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Electrical
Equipment, SIC Code 36, Continued
SIC
Code
3671
3672
3674
3675
3676
3677
3678
3679
3691
3692
3694
3695
Industry
Electron Tubes
Printed Circuit Boards
Semiconductors & Related Devices
Electronic Capacitors
Electronic Resistors
Electronic Coils & Transformers
Electronic Connectors
Electronic Components, nee*
Storage Batteries
Primary Batteries, Dry & Wet
Engine Electrical Equipment
Magnetic & Optical Recording Media
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
6,419,546
4,890,466
3,985,905
NA
21,313,781
19,930,674
17,553,901
NA
895,619
1,007,532
1,188,983
NA
2,315,804
2,603,302
2,270,813
NA
122,488
216,881
213,622
NA
252,178
571,950
126,155
NA
4,758,385
5,364,519
3,157,635
NA
5,488,055
6,475,888
7,171,275
NA
227,476,604
254,486,447
242,362,170
NA
1,901,008
3,698,528
1,654,045
NA
1,371,739
3,195,127
3,045,622
NA
277,653
391,963
503,432
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
277,142
223,267
97,110
NA
1,558,887
78,901
2,548,298
NA
2,449,368
3,175,066
3,207,714
NA
271,400
363,785
105,825
NA
4,543
17,300
22,469
NA
1,400
10,224
3,832
NA
18,727
49,790
80,078
NA
172,384
163,773
103,950
NA
20,344
33,679
21,126
NA
12,680
5,895
83,869
NA
18,689
205,498
12,853
NA
952,735
964,890
1,500,145
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
357,620
528,922
967,716
230,454
1,180,153
860,448
1,446,880
1,862,200
1,031,589
1,402,859
1,485,020
3,442,518
967,190
1,403,824
1,083,874
899,073
41,110
14,224
34,635
237,733
9,781
11,901
7,665
32,027
15,617
4,717
41,844
304,723
104,568
99,557
113,960
2,421,331
1,051,662
28,619
61,117
587,702
77,493
138,514
286,249
235,855
11,270
5,748
18,329
166,940
127,440
31,839
31,498
365,807
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
138,779
106,771
172,033
171,358
648,451
557,342
436,657
1,054,009
1,055,726
1,076,161
966,940
699,728
320,293
320,041
182,100
351,141
0
0
3
3
0
0
0
0
8,635
6,538
11,642
94,662
28,509
72,560
-162,210
827,062
2,580
1,401
1,825
21,482
1,125
502
258
440
2,090
2,321
939
6,764
3,327
23,276
93,037
71,227
Total Transfers
Other Off-site for
Off-site Further Waste
Transfers Management
Pounds Pounds
0
0
0
0
48,228
10,008
0
16,680
0
0
13,832
317,503
0
0
0
125,924
0
0
0
84,646
0
0
0
71,799
0
0
0
750
250
750
0
35,015
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
900
0
0
0
0
7,193,087
5,749,426
5,222,764
NA
24,749,500
21,437,373
21,985,736
NA
5,432,302
6,661,618
6,862,489
NA
3,874,687
4,690,952
3,642,612
NA
168,141
248,405
270,729
NA
263,359
594,075
137,652
NA
4,801,364
5,425,564
3,291,199
NA
5,793,766
6,812,528
7,551,395
NA
228,551,190
254,550,146
242,446,238
NA
1,992,306
3,843,439
2,024,421
NA
1,403,788
3,408,694
3,077,743
NA
1,361,155
1,411,968
2,128,112
NA
Note Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R. Forms with more than one-4-digit
SIC code within SIC code 36 are assigned to the "multiple" category.
*nec: not elsewhere classified
367
-------
J*
te^fl^
Chapter 9 — TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
Table 9-16. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management by 4-diglt SIC Code, 1988 and 1994-1996: Electrical
Equipment, SIC Code 36, Continued
src
Cede Industry
3699 ElccUic«I Equipment & Supplies, nee*
Multiple within SIC Code 36
Invalid SIC Code within SIC 36
Total for SIC Code 36
Year
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
96
95
94
88
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
1,749,593
2,254,592
2,514,616
NA
20,004,515
18,884,686
18,009,035
NA
29,121
186,508
437,029
NA
335,785,441
369,640,348
346,513,941
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
250
545
3,070
NA
252,741
2,933,456
335,189
NA
0
0
0
NA
7,046,203
9,342,647
9,301,907
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
4,083
9,430
13,140
144,655
244,898
1,369,641
1,010,779
1,295,495
0
0
47,950
1,114,485
5,617,617
6,379,829
7,156,203
16,894,091
Transfers
toPOTWs
Pounds
1,508
151
277
93,649
159,906
113,802
56,037
862,817
10
10
39
97,950
2,750,887
2,713,929
2,523,844
5,297,962
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
1,300
538,006
0
5
10,384
0
0
0
45,734
586,488
10,758
13,837
1,314,257
Total Transfers
Off-site for
Further Waste
Management
Pounds
1,755,434
2,264,718
2,531,103
NA
21,200,066
23301,585
19,411,045
NA
29,131
186,518
485,018
NA
351,786,636
388,087,511
365,509,732
NA
Note; Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Forms with more than one-4-digit
SIC code within SIC code 36 arc assigned to the "multiple" category.
*ncc; not elsewhere classified.
greater accountability to stakeholders. Under
[Project XL], the EPA [allowed] Hadeo to
demonstrate that its metal-rich sludge can be safely
reclaimed without all of the strict regulatory
controls imposed by law and that the experiment
will yield substantial economic and environmental
benefits." (EPA Web site, http://www.epa.gov/
region01/pr/files/pr092997d.html) Hadco attributes
much of its reduction in releases to participation in
Project XL.
The third facility for decreased releases was Lucent
Technologies, Inc., in North Andover,
Massachusetts (SIC code 3661 in 1988). A
corporate mandate to eliminate ozone depleters and
chlorinated solvents led to the facility's release
reduction and eventual elimination of 1,1,1-
trichloroethane by 1992. The chemical was used as
a developer in a photo-lithography process to
manufacture hybrid integrated circuits for
telecommunications equipment. The facility had an
overall reduction in releases of 1.7 million pounds
between 1988 and 1996.
The Bureau of Engraving, Inc., in Minneapolis,
Minnesota, was the fourth largest decreaser in
releases (1.38 million pounds). In 1988, the facility
reported exactly the same amounts of
chloromethane (SIC code 3679 in 1988 and no
code reported in 1996) and dichloromethane (SIC
code 3675 in 1988 and no code reported in 1996),
The facility said that the 1988 reporting for
chloromethane was an error and may represent
double-counting of reported amounts for
dichloromethane. This facility manufactures
printed circuit boards and stopped using
dichloromethane (methylene chloride) in 1992. The
chemical, used as a cleaning agent, was replaced
witih. a pumice cleaning rinse.
Fifth for decreases was Whirlpool Corporation in
Fort Smith, Arkansas (SIC code 3632) with a net
reduction of 1.36 million pounds. The Whirlpool
facility, which manufactures refrigerators, painted
the steel refrigerator cabinets on site, resulting in
large air emissions of toluene (used as a paint-
thinning agent). Between 1988 and 1989, this
368
-------
process was taken off-line and only pre-painted
cabinets were received, resulting in a 764,000-
pound decrease in air emissions of toluene from
this facility.
Other Apparent Increases and Decreases in
Releases, 1988-1996
In the TRI database, there are other facilities with
large apparent increases and decreases, which have
been identified as reporting errors or plant closures.
Because these are errors or plant closures and not
actual changes in the data, these facilities are not
discussed in detail here. There is one such facility
in the electrical equipment sector:
Thomson Consumer Electronics, Dunmore,
Pennsylvania, increase of 6.7 million pounds,
reporting error.
1991-1996 Waste Management
Data for Electrical Equipment
Table 9-17 summarizes on- and off-site waste
management data for the electrical equipment
sector for 1991, when TRI began collecting this
information, and the three most recent years (1994-
1996). Total production-related waste decreased
from 663.9 million pounds to 612.2 million pounds
from 1991 to 1996, a decrease of 7.8%. During this
period, on-site waste management decreased from
280.8 million pounds to 199.5 million pounds, or
28.9%. At the same time, off-site waste
management increased from 312.6 million pounds
to 386.2 million pounds (23.5%). In both cases,
change in the quantities recycled was the largest
factor. Reporting of quantities released decreased
by two thirds (62.5%) over this period, from 70.5
million pounds to 26.4 million pounds.
Figure 9-13 shows the percentage changes for on-
and off-site waste management types.
As production-related waste has increased in the
electrical equipment sector's reporting to TRI in the
more recent years, recycling on-site and off-site
have also increased, while off-site treatment and
Chapter 9 - TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
quantities released have continued to decline. These
developments suggest some progress in improved
waste management options, as called for in the
waste management hierarchy (explained in Chapter
2). Several facilities attribute their large reported
increases to production increases and to new
production as operations came on-line, as described
below. This is consistent with the remarkable level
of growth in this sector, compared to U.S.
manufacturing overall, as noted at the beginning of
this chapter. At the same time, however, production
decreases have also been cited to explain reductions
in reported quantities.
Facilities with Large Increases and
Decreases in Waste Management, 1991-1996
All five facilities for increases in production-related
waste from 1991 to 1996 were lead storage battery
manufacturers (SIC code 3691). Exide Corporation
facilities ranked as the first (Salina, Kansas, 24.5
million pounds); third (Bristol, Tennessee, 15.2
million pounds); and fourth (Manchester, Iowa,
13.7 million pounds). The Salina facility increased
on-site recycling of lead compounds by 22.0
million pounds. The increase is due to the
installation of a "re-melt pot" used to recycled lead
chips that are left over from the battery
manufacturing process. The increase at the Bristol
facility consisted of 15.1 million pounds of lead
compounds. This facility, a new plant, did not go
into production until 1994, and thus there were no
data for the facility in comparison year 1991. The
Manchester facility had an increase of 10.8 million
pounds in on-site recycling and a 2.6-million-
pound increase in off-site recycling. The increase is
attributed to a substantial increase in production.
An increase in the amount of lead sent to an off-site
smelter for recycling also contributed to the
reported increase in off-site recycling.
Johnson Controls Battery facilities are ranked
second and fifth for increases in production-related
waste. The number two facility is actually a
warehouse (San Antonio, Texas, 19.6 million
pounds) and was not operational until the summer
of 1995. This warehouse stores used lead-acid
369
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Chapter S — TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
Table 9-17. TRI Waste Management Data, 1991,1994-1996: Electrical Equipment, SIC Code 36
Waste Management Activity
Qn-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Total On-sitc Waste Management
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-site
Total Off-site Waste Management
Quantity Released On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
Non- Production-related Waste
Waste Management Activity
pn-sjjeWasteManagement
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Tof al On-site Waste Management
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-site
Totri Off-site Waste Management
Quantity Released On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
Non- Production-related Waste
1991
Pounds
220,655,709
874,367
59,297,721
280,827,797
292,457,523
9,542,531
10,582,423
312,582,477
70,508,528
663,918,802
710,695
Change
1994-1995
Percent
1.8
5,7
8.5
4.1
14.4
-4.9
-1.4
13.5
-23.7
8.2
182.2
1994
Pounds
96,198,523
2,073,744
47,183,395
145,455,662
341,856,348
9,807,798
9,539,582
361,203,728
40,412,712
547,072,102
59,944
Change
1995-1996
Percent
48.8
-7.6
0.9
31.8
-5.1
-25.1
-15.7
-5.8
-14.3
3.4
-81.8
1995
Pounds
97,975,655
2,191,839
51,213,177
151,380,671
391,101,969
9,326,881
9,409,191
409,838,041
30,824,661
592,043,373
169,133
Change
1991-1996
Percent
-33.9
131.7
-12.8
-28.9
27.0
-26.8
-25.1
23.5
-62.5
-7.8
-95.7
1996
Pounds
145,834,353
2,026,264
51,682,275
199,542,892
371,277,615
6,987,062
7,928,674
386,193,351
26,418,498
612,154,741
30,797
Note; Docs not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994 and 1995, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulflitic acid. Data item Section 8 of Form R
(Current Year, Column B) of year indicated.
370
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Chapter 9 - TRl Data for Electrical Equipment
150
125 -,
100
75 -
50 _
a, 25 _
-25 -
-50 .
Recycled
On-sita
Energy
Recovery
On-srte
Treated
On-srte
On-site Waste Management
Recycled Energy Treated Quantity
Off-site Recovery Off-site Released On-
Qff-site andOff-srte
Off-site Waste Management
Total
Produeton-
retated
Waste
Figure 9-13. Percentage Change in Quantities of TRl Chemicals in
Waste, 1991-1996: Electrical Equipment (SIC Code 36)
Note: Does not include dehsted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994 and 1995, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuno acid Data from Section 8 of Fonn R
(Current Year, Column B) of year indicated
battery cores and ships them to smelters for
recycling; 19.4 million pounds of lead compounds
were reported as recycled off-site in 1996, Because
the facility was not in operation until 1995, there
were no data for comparison year 1991. The
number five facility (St. Joseph, Missouri) reported
an 11.4-million-pound increase in off-site recycling
of lead compounds (99,5% of me overall increase).
This battery manufacturing plant noted that several
regulations, all passed since 1991, have essentially
put many such facilities out of the business of
recycling lead on-site. The cost of obtaining
permits and monitoring under several
environmental regulations made it impractical for
many lead storage battery manufacturers to operate
secondary smelters for recycling lead compounds,
according to this facility. Regulations cited
included the Boiler Industrial Furnace rule of
RCRA, Owner/Operator of a Hazardous Waste
Treatment, Storage, or Disposal Facility provisions,
and Ihe Point Source Discharge (PSD) rule under
me Clean Air Act.
The top facility in decreases of production-related
waste was IBM in Endicott, New York (SIC code
3672). The facility reported a total decrease of 49.9
million pounds, more than 35 million of which
were reported as reductions in 1,1,1 -
trichloromethane and dichloromethane. There were
no reported amounts of either chemical in any
category of production-related waste in 1996,
The second and third facilities for decreases are
lead battery manufacturers (SIC code
371
-------
Chapter 9 - TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
3691). Johnson Controls Battery in Geneva, Illinois
(ranked second) reduced reporting of production-
related waste by 34.7 million pounds. The facility
had large decreases in both on-site recycling (10
million pounds) and off-site recycling (24.7 million
pounds) of lead compounds. Douglas Battery
Manufacturing Company in Winston-Salem, North
Carolina (ranked third), reported a total decrease of
30.6 million pounds, 30.3 million pounds of which
were due to a drop in the amount of lead
compounds recycled off-site. In addition to
declining production levels between 1991 and
1996, the Douglas facility attributed part of the
change to an improvement in a process involving
the use of a lead oxide paste. As a result, smaller
amounts of lead compounds are left over and sent
off-site for recycling.
The fourth facility, Dover Electronics Company in
Conklin, New York (SIC code 3679), reported a
reduction of 26,1 million pounds. All of this
decrease was due to a drop m the amount of
tetrachloroethylene used as a degreaser in the
production of multi-layered ceramic substrates used
in circuit board construction. The facility no longer
manufactures the ceramic substrates and no longer
uses tetrachloroethylene. No amount of the
chemical was reported in 1996.
Other Apparent Increases and Decreases in
Production-Related Waste, 1991-1996
In the TRJ database, there are other facilities with
large apparent increases and decreases, which have
been identified as reporting errors or plant closures.
Because these are errors or plant closures and not
actual changes in the data, these facilities are not
discussed in detail here. There is one such facility
in the electrical equipment sector:
Johnson Controls Battery, Louisville, Kentucky,
decrease of 19.3 million pounds, plant closure.
Facilities Contacted for Explanations
(alphabetical by facility):
3M» Hutchinson, Minnesota: Mike Bennett, March
23,1998 (explanation provided)
Bureau of Engraving, Inc., Minneapolis,
Minnesota: Bill Curry, March 23, 1998
(explanation provided)
Douglas Battery Manufacturing Company,
Winston-Salem, North Carolina: Al Csontos, March
24,1998 (explanation provided)
Dover Electronics Company, Conklm, New York:
James O'Brien, March 23, 1998 (explanation
provided)
Duracell USA, Lancaster, South Carolina: Jeff
Johnston, March 24, 1998 (explanation provided)
Exide Corporation, Bristol, Tennessee: Norman
Enix, 23,1998 (explanation provided)
Exide Corporation, Manchester, Iowa: Gary Drees,
March 23,1998 (explanation provided)
Exide Corporation, Salina, Kansas: Tina
Ziegelmeier, March 23,1998 (explanation
provided)
Hadco Corporation, Deny, New Hampshire: Ron
Blanchette, March 23, 1998 (explanation provided)
IBM, Endicott, New York (no explanation
provided)
Johnson Controls Battery, Geneva, Illinois (no
explanation provided)
Johnson Controls Battery, Louisville, Kentucky:
Debbie Hastings, March 23, 1998 (explanation
provided)
Johnson Controls Battery, San Antonio, Texas: Ms
Williams, March 23,1998 (explanation provided)
Johnson Controls Battery, St. Joseph, Missouri:
Gary Mans, March 23,1998 (explanation provided)
Lucent Technologies, Inc., North Andover,
Massachusetts: Anne Reynolds, March 23, 1998
(explanation provided)
Thomson Consumer Electronics, Dunmore,
Pennsylvania: Bob Murray, April 20,1998
(explanation provided)
Whirlpool Corporation, Fort Smith, Arkansas: Scott
Horton, March 24,1998 (explanation provided)
372
-------
Chapter 9 - TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
Sources
Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget, Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987:
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes and industry descriptions.
US. Industry & Trade Outlook '98, DRI/McGraw Hill, Standard & Pooris, and U.S. Department of Commerce,
International Trade Ajdministration, 1998: economic analyses, also provides some information on environment and
industrial processes for selected industries.
U.S. Census Bureau, 1996 Annual Survey of Manufactures: Statistics for Industry Groups and Industries, M96(AS)-1,
February 1998 : value of shipments and employment
Supplemental data from U,S, Census Bureau for some industries.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance, Office of Compliance, Profile
of the Electronics and Computer Industry, Sector Notebook Project, EPA/310-R-95-002, September 1995
: industry processes and technologies, pollutant sources, and selected
economic date.
373
-------
Chapter 9 ~ TRI Data for Electrical Equipment
374
-------
/ \
Chapter 10
Toxics Release Inventory Data
for Federal Facilities
c_
A Look at the Federal
Facilities Reporting to
TRI
Facilities owned and operated by Federal agencies
are required to report to TRI, regardless of Standard
Industrial Classification (SIC) code. In 1993,
President Clinton signed Executive Order 12856,
which mandated that Federal facilities report to
TRI starting with the 1994 reporting year. The
Executive Order also directs each Federal agency to
achieve an agency-wide reduction of 50% in on-
site releases and off-site transfers to treatment and
disposal by 1999, based on their 1994 TRI
reporting. It encourages Federal facilities to use
source reduction wherever practicable to achieve
their reductions.
Box 10-1 lists the Federal agencies that have
facilities reporting to TRI. Because the Department
of Defense has the most facilities and dominates
the TRI reporting by Federal facilities, this chapter
considers the facilities reporting in each defense
agency as a separate entity.
While most Federal facilities began reporting to
TRI for the 1994 reporting year, the Department of
Energy (DOE) instructed its facilities to begin
filing TRI reports for 1993, a year earlier than
mandated by the Executive Order. In addition,
since 1987 (the first TRI reporting year), facilities
owned by the Federal government but operated by
private contractors have had to report to TRI if they
met the reporting thresholds. These contractors are
still required to report, even after 1994. The reports
from the Federal government agencies are entered
into the TRI database, but the reports for these
facilities from the private contractors are not, in
order to avoid duplication.
1996 TRI Data for Federal
Facilities
For the 1996 reporting year, 133 Federal facilities
from 13 Federal agencies submitted 378 reports to
TRI. Table 10-1 summarizes TRI data for these
Federal agencies. Of the forms submitted by
Federal facilities, 7.4% (28) were Form A
certification statements, certifying that a facility's
375
-------
Chapter 10 — TRI Data for Federal Facilities
1
Box 10-1. Federal Agencies Reporting to TRI
Federal Agencies Reporting to TRI
Department of Defense (DOD)
Air Force
Army
Defense Logistics Agency (DLA)
Marines
Navy
Army Corps of Engineers (Corp)
Department of Agriculture (Agriculture)
Department of Energy (DOE)
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)
Department of Interior (Interior)
Department of Justice (DOT)
Department of Transportation (DOT)
Department of Treasury (Treasury)
Department of Veterans Affairs (VA)
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
U.S. Enrichment Corporation (USEC)
total annual reportable amount of a TRI
chemical was less than 500 pounds for the
year and that the facility did not manufacture,
process, or otherwise use more than 1 million
pounds. (The Form A certification statement
is explained in Chapter 1.)
The Department of Defense (DOD) had the
largest number of facilities reporting, 74 or
55,6% of the total. DOD facilities accounted
for 65.3% of the Federal facility forms, with
247. The Department of Energy had the next
largest number of facilities with 19 facilities
(14.3%) and 52 forms (13.8%). Within DOD,
the Army had the most facilities with 31
(41.9% of all DOD facilities).
As shown in Table 10-1, Air Force facilities
ranked first for total on- and off-site releases
but third for total production-related waste.
Total releases from Air Force facilities were
2.1 million pounds (31.7% of the Federal
facilities' total), and total production-related
waste was 2.7 million pounds (5.7% of the
Federal facilities' total). Army facilities
Table 10-1. Summary of TRI Information by Agency, 1996: Federal Facilities
TCUl
On-«nd
Off-lite
Rtk«ic«
R»nk
1
2
14
S
3
13
6
4
16
U
11
10
9
17
7
12
$
Totll
PnKluctlon-
rclitcd
WtKe
flunk
3
1
S
10
4
16
5
S
12
15
13
14
2
17
S
11
7
Total ToWl
Agency Facilities Forms Form As
Number Number Number
Dcpt. of Defense
AtrForee
Army
Defense Logistics Agency
Marbles
N«vy
Aitay Corps of Engineers
DcrX. of Agriculture
Dcpt. of Energy
Dcpt. of Health and Human Services
Dcpi of Interior
Dcpl. of Justice
Dcpt. of Transportation
Dcpl, of Tretsury
Environmental Protection Agency
National Aeronautics and Space
A drain.
Tennessee Valley Authority
US, Enrichment Corporation
Total for Federal Facilities
74
19
31
1
7
16
2
S
19
1
4
2
1
S
1
7
4
2
133
247
64
105
5
22
51
3
11
52
1
5
2
2
15
2
24
6
S
378
18
7
9
0
0
2
0
0
2
0
2
0
0
1
0
3
1
1
28
Total
Oil-site
Releases
Pounds
3,428,786
1,983,113
665,507
4,854
165,652
609,660
9,210
605,480
740,637
0
4,772
11,605
19.600
57,287
17
327,182
10,071
675,204
5,889,851
Total
Off-site
Releases
Pounds
599,877
80,029
208,526
0
90,541
220,781
0
0
1,174
750
0
0
1,096
9,350
0
320
0
230
612,797
Total Total Transfers
On- and Total Other Off-site for
Off-site On-site Waste Further Wgste
Releases Management Management
Pounds Pounds Pounds
4,028,663
2,063,142
874,033
4,854
256,193
830,441
9,210
605,480
741,811
750
4,772
11,605
20,696
66,637
17
327,502
10,071
675,434
6,502,648
20,389,006
294,100
18,709,920
1,184,803
0
200,183
1,575
57,600
732,432
43,000
0
0
0
120
0
429,188
52,500
122,400
21,827,821
5,486,838
381,249
4,220,984
0
288,236
596,369
180
250
31,011
0
0
0
0
13,743,208
0
246,121
12,226
0
19,519,834
Total Non-
Pradaction- Production*
related related
Waste Waste
Pounds Pounds
29,756,235
2,689,218
23,757,167
1,189,657
526,279
1,593,914
10,955
663,530
1,534,559
43,900
16,173
23,305
19.SOO
13,848,646
17
794,021
74,797
806,080
47,591,818
96,155
60,311
35,804
0
40
0
0
68
8,289
450
0
0
0
0
0
2,801
0
0
107,763
Now; On-slle Releases from Section 5 of Form R. On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site
to disposal) of Form R. Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Total
Production-related Waste sums Section 8 (Current Year, Column B) of Form R, except Non-productton-related Waste (remedial catastrophic incidents)
376
-------
Chapter 10— TRI Data for Federal Facilities
reported much larger amounts of other on-site
waste management and, therefore, much larger
amounts of total production-related waste, ranking
first in both these categories. Army facilities
reported 18.7 million pounds of chemicals
managed on-site (85.7% of the total managed on-
site by Federal facilities) and 23.8 million pounds
of total production-related waste (49.9% of the
total).
Facilities belonging to the Navy accounted for the
largest amounts of off-site releases (transfers off-
site to disposal), with 221,000 pounds (36.0% of
the total). Facilities reporting from the Department
of Treasury accounted for 70.4% (13J million
pounds) of the total transfers off-site for rurther
waste management.
On- and Off-site Releases
Two-thirds (66.0%) of all on- and off-site releases
reported by Federal facilities were air emissions,
4.3 million pounds out of 6.5 million pounds of
total releases (see Table 10-2 and Figure 10-1). Air
Force facilities reported the largest air emissions,
1.9 million pounds, which was 44.1% of total air
Other On-site
Land Releases
10,5%
RCRASubWIe C
Landfills
0.4%
Transfers Off-site
to Disposal
9.4%
UIJ, Class il-V
Wells
7.8%
Surface Water
5.9%
UIJ, Class I
Wells=0
Figure 10-1. Distribution of TRI On-site and
Off-site Releases, 1996; Federal Facilities
Note: On-site Releases ftom Section 5 of Form R Off-site Releases from
Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R UIJ=underground
injection.
emissions from Federal facilities. (See Figure 10-2)
This is not surprising since a number of the Air
Force installations are large facilities engaged in
aircraft repair and maintenance, using volatile
chemicals to clean parts and strip paint.
Table 10-2. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996: Federal Facilities
Agency
Dept of Defense
Air Fores
Army
Defense Logistics Agency
Marines
Navy
Army Corps of Engineers
Dept of Agriculture
Dept of Energy
Dept of Health and Human Services
Dept of Interior
Dept of Justice
Dept of Transportation
Dept of Treasury
I&ivironmentat Protection Agency
National Aeronautics and Space Admin
Tennessee Valley Authority
U S Enrichment Corporation
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
3,060,551
1,895,706
413,931
4,854
165,625
580,435
3,910
10
196,948
0
750
10,305
19,600
280
17
327,182
335
674,953
Surface Underground Injection
Water Class! Class H-V
Discharges Wells Wells
Pounds Pounds Pounds
341,430
87,366
248,587
0
27
5,450
300
0
27,461
0
4,017
1,300
0
107
0
0
9,736
251
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
505,541
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
On-site Land Releases
RCRA Other On-
Sub title C site Land
Landfills Releases
Pounds Pounds
23,516
0
0
0
0
23,516
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3,289
41
2,989
0
0
259
5,000
605,470
10,687
0
5
0
0
56,900
0
0
0
0
Total
On-slte
Releases
Pounds
3,428,786
1,983,113
665,507
4,854
165,652
609,660
9,210
605,480
740,637
0
4,772
11,605
19,600
57,287
17
327,182
10,071
675,204
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
599,877
80,029
208,526
0
90,541
220,781
0
0
1,174
750
0
0
1,096
9,350
0
320
0
230
Total On-
& Off-site
Releases
Pounds
4,028,663
2,063,142
874,033
4,8S4
256,193
830,441
9,210
605,480
741,811
750
4,772
11,605
20,696
66,637
17
327,502
10,071
675,434
Note On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R. Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R
377
-------
Chapter 10—TRI Data for Federal Facilities
• Transfers Off-site to Disposal
• Other On-site Land Releases
D RCRA Subtitle C Landfills
• U!J, Class II-V Wells
• Surface Water
• Air
UIJ, Class I Wells =0
Marines
Figure 10-2. TRI On-s!te and Off-site Releases, 1996:
Federal Facilities (Agencies with Largest Totals)
Notes On-site Releases fiom Section 5 of Form R, Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers off-site to disposal) UIJ=underground injection.
All other categories of releases were less than
700,000 pounds total. Nearly all releases from U.S.
Department of Agriculture facilities were on-site
releases to land, which were 605,000 pounds
(accounting for 85.9% of total land releases). Of
the more than 600,000 pounds of off-site releases
(transfers off-site to disposal), Department of
Defense facilities accounted for 97.9%, with Navy
and Army facilities each representing one-third of
that total. Department of Energy facilities reported
all of the releases to underground wells (503,000
pounds). Surface water discharges were a total of
385,000 pounds with Army facilities accounting for
64.6% of the total.
Other On-site Waste Management
Recycling was the largest on-site waste
management method used by Federal facilities,
with 12.2 million pounds (55.8%), followed by
treatment with 9.7 million pounds (44.2%). Very
little (7,700 pounds) on-site energy recovery was
reported. On-site waste management data appear in
Table 10-3, and their distribution is illustrated in
Figure 10-3.
For all types of on-site waste management-
recycling, energy recovery, and treatment-Army
facilities reported the largest quantities (see Table
10-3 and Figure 10-4). Army facilities reported a
total of 18.7 million pounds of on-site waste
management, which was 85.7% of the total for
Federal facilities. This was 10.1 million pounds
378
-------
Chapter 10— TRIData for Federal Facilities
Table 10-3. TRl Other On-site Waste Management, 1996; Federal Facilities
Agency
Dept of Defense
Air Force
Amy
Defense Logistics Agency
Marines
Navy
Army Corps of Bngineeis
Dept of Agriculture
Dept. of Baergy
Dept of Health and Human Services
Dept of Interior
Dept of Justice
Dept of Transportation
Dept, of Treasury
Environmental Protection Agency
National Aeronautics and Space Admin
Tennessee Valley Authority
US BnnehmeatCorpoiation
Total for Federal Facilities
Recycled
Oit-site
Pounds
11478,222
61,738
10,109,100
1,184,803
0
22,581
0
0
362,585
0
0
0
0
0
0
429,110
0
0
12,169,917
Energy
Recovery
Oil-site
Pounds
7,700
0
7,700
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7,700
Treated
On-site
Pounds
9,003,084
232,362
8,593,120
0
0
177,602
1,575
57,600
369,847
43,000
0
0
0
120
0
78
52,500
122,400
9,650,204
Total Other
OB-slte Waste
Management
Pounds
20,389,006
294,100
18,709,920
1,184,803
0
200,183
1,575
57,600
732,432
43,000
0
0
0
120
0
429,188
52,500
122,400
21,827,821
Notes Other On-site Waste Management ftom S ecbon 8 of FQBBJ R
recycled on-site and 8,6 million pounds treated on-
site. Only facilities from one otter agency reported
more than 1 million pounds of on-site waste
management. The Defense Logistics Agency
facility reported 1.2 million pounds of chemicals
recycled on-site,
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management
Transfers to recycling were the largest off-site
transfer type reported by Federal facilities, with
18.6 million pounds (95.0% of the total), as shown
in Table 10-4 and illustrated in Figure 10-5. Other
types of transfers totaled than 600,000 pounds.
Department of Treasury facilities accounted for
74.1% of all transfers to recycling (13.7 million
pounds) and 70.4% of all transfers off-site for
further waste management (also 13.7 million
pounds). Department of Defense facilities
accounted for 28.1% of all such transfers (5.5
million pounds) with Army facilities reporting 4.2
Treated On-
stte
44.2%
Recycled
On-site
55.8%
Energy Recovery
On-stte<0.1%
Figure 10-3. Distribution of TRI Other On-site
Waste Management, 1996; Federal Facilities
Note Data from Section 8 of FonmR
379
-------
Chapter 10— TRI Data for Federal Facilities
Table 10-4. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, 1996; Federal Facilities
Agency
Dcpl, of Defense
AlrForee
Army
Defense Logistics Agency
Marines
Navy
Army Corps of Engineers
Depi. of Agriculture
Dcpt of Energy
Dcpt, of Health and Human Services
Dcpt. of Interior
Dept of Justice
Dept, o {Transportation
Dcpt, of Treasury
Environmental Protection Agency
Nations! Aeronautics and Space Admin.
Tennessee Valley Authority
U.S. Enrichment Cotporation
Total for Federal Facilities
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
4,566,374
152,142
3,855,274
0
95,622
463,336
0
0
28,771
0
0
0
0
13,742,428
0
215,930
0
0
18,553,503
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
295,346
70,479
65,314
0
105,415
54,138
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8,755
0
0
304,101
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
566,657
129,132
293,964
0
86,184
57,377
0
0
2,240
0
0
0
0
5
0
21,435
0
0
590,337
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
58,461
29,496
6,432
0
1,015
21,518
180
250
0
0
0
0
0
775
0
1
12,226
0
71,893
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total Off-site
Transfers
for Further
Waste
Management
Pounds
5,486,838
381,249
4,220,984
0
288,236
596,369
180
250
31,011
0
0
0
0
13,743,208
0
246,121
12,226
0
19,519,834
Note: Off-site Transfers for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R. Other Off-site Transfers are
transfers reported without a valid waste management code
million pounds, almost all as transfers to recycling.
(See Table 10-4 and Figure 10-6)
1996 TRI Data by State
for Federal Facilities
Federal facilities reporting to TRI in 1996 were
located in 36 states and the territory of Guam.
California had 17 facilities, and Texas 1L Federal
facilities located in California led the other states in
both on-site and off-site releases, as shown in Table
10-5. Federal facilities in California reported 1.1
million pounds of on- and off-site releases (16.6%
of the total of 6.5 million pounds). Oklahoma was
second with 756,000 pounds, or 11.6%, and
Georgia was third with 743,000 pounds, or 11.4%.
Map 10-1 shows the distribution of total on- and
off-site releases by state for Federal facilities.
For other on-site waste management, Virginia
reported 19.5 million pounds, or 89.3% of the total.
Federal facilities located in Colorado reported 9.0
million pounds transferred off-site for further waste
management, 45.9% of the total of such transfers.
Pennsylvania reported 4.8 million pounds (24.8%),
and the state with the third largest amount was
Missouri with 2.5 million pounds (12.6%).
Production-related waste totaled 19.8 million
pounds in Virginia,, or 41.6% of all production-
related waste reported by Federal facilities,
followed by Colorado, with 9.1 million pounds, or
19.0%, Pennsylvania was third with 4.9 million
pounds, or 10.3%. Finally, non-production related
'waste (from one-time events such as catastrophic
events or clean-up actions) was 108,000 pounds in
1996, with Federal facilities in Missouri and in
Tennessee reporting over 34,000 pounds (about
32% each).
380
-------
Chapter 10— TRI Data for Federal Facilities
o
Q.
20,000,000
18,000,000 .
16,000,000 .
14,000,000 .
12,000,000
10,000,000 .
8,000,000
6,000,000 -
4,000,000 .
2,000,000
0
I Treated
I Energy Recovery
I Recycled
Arrry Defense Biergy NASA Air
Logistics Force
Navy
U.S.
Enrich.
Corp.
Agri.
Tenn. Health/
Valley Human
Auth. Svcs.
Figure 10-4. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, 1996: Federal
Facilities (Agencies with Largest Totals)
Note: Other On-siteWaste Management from Section 8 of Form R
To Energy
Recovery
2%
To
Treatment
3%
To
Recycling
95%
Figure 10-5. Distribution of TRI Transfers
Off-site for Further Waste Management,
1996: Federal Facilities
Note: Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6
(excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R.
1996 TRI Data by
Chemical for Federal
Facilities
In 1996, the chemical with the largest on- and off-
site releases reported by Federal facilities was
dichloromethane, with 857,000 pounds, the
overwhelming majority of which was air emissions,
as shown hi Table 10-6. This chemical accounted
for 13.2% of total on- and off-site releases reported
by Federal facilities. The top 15 chemicals
dominated the reporting picture for Federal
facilities. These chemicals comprised 85.0% of
total on- and off-site releases, with a majority of the
reported releases in all on-site release types. Only
for off-site releases (transfers to disposal), with
31.2% (191,000 pounds out of the total 613,000
381
-------
Chapter 10 — TRI Data for Federal Facilities
Table 10-5. Summary of TRI Information by State, 1996: Federal Facilities
Total Tola!
Sole Facilities Forms Form As
Number Number Number
Alabama
Arizona
Arkansas
Cftiibntla
Colorado
Connecticut
Diltrivt of Columbit
Florid*
Georgia
Guam
ilmaU
I
-------
Chapter 10— TRI Data for Federal Facilities
6,000,000 .
4,000,000 -
2,000,000 .
• To POTWs
H To Treatment
DTo Energy Recovery
• To Recycling
Treasury
Arrry
Navy
Air Force
Marines
NASA
Figure 10-6. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management,
1996: Federal Facilities (Agencies with Largest Totals)
Note: Off-site Transfers for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R
Table 10-6. The 15 Chemicals with the Largest Total On-site and Off-site Releases, 1996: Federal Facilities (in Rank Order)
CAS
Number
75-09-2
78-93-3
76-14-2
7664-41-7
67-56-1
79-01-6
—
127-18-4
107-21-1
76-13-1
108-88-3
1330-20-7
7647-01-0
71-36-3
71-55-6
Chemical
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Dichlorotetrafluoroethane (CFC-114)
Ammonia
Methanol
Tnchloroethylene
Nitrate compounds
Tetrachloroethylene
Ethylene glycol
Freon 113
Toluene
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Hydrochloric acid
n-Butyl alcohol
1,1,1 -Tnchloroethane
Subtotal
Total for Federal Facilities
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
839,656
663,435
633,009
43,275
35,956
352,838
12
292,384
47,127
214,805
173,491
166,355
143,785
134,768
97,113
3,838,009
4,294,841
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
10
6,551
0
7,640
4,600
11
253,000
251
87,836
0
250
250
0
0
6
360,405
384,602
Underground Injection
Class I
Wells
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Class II-V
Wells
Pounds
0
0
0
0
499,383
0
0
0
913
0
250
2,120
0
0
0
502,666
505,541
On-site Land Releases
RCRA Other
Subtitle C On-siteLand
Landfills
Pounds
0,
0
0
0
0
5,000
0
0
18,516
0
0
0
0
0
0
23,516
23,516
Releases
Pounds
280
0
0
545,025
1,631
0
60,450
0
2,708
0
1,351
1,850
0
0
0
613,295
681,351
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
839,946
669,986
633,009
595,940
541,570
357,849
313,462
292,635
157,100
214,805
175,342
170,575
143,785
134,768
97,119
5,337,891
5,889,851
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Total On-
Off-site to and Off-site
Disposal
Pounds
17,453
20,882
0
0
0
0
230
4,739
119,459
1,145
16,977
4,980
0
1,900
3,349
191,114
612,797
Releases
Pounds
857,399
690,868
633,009
595,940
541,570
357,849
313,692
297,374
276,559
215,950
192,319
175,555
143,785
136,668
100,468
5,529,005
6,502,648
Note On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R. Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R
383
-------
Map 10-1. Total On- and Off-site Releases, 19t6: Federal FacHltes
Alaska
Hawaii
Puerto Rico
Pounds
More than 500,000
200,000 to 500,000
|H 50,000 to 200,000
| | 0 to 50,000
X = no reports
•g
I
-i.
o
\
a
o
B>
o
(D
(n
Note, On-site Releases flom Section 5 of Form Rand Off-site Releases ftom Section 6 (transfets ott-Aeto disposal) ofFonnB.
-------
Chapter 10— TRI Data for Federal Facilities
Table 10-7. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of OSHA Carcinogens, 1996: Federal Facilities (in Rank Order)
On-site Land Releases
Agency
Air Force
Navy
Army
National Aeronautics and Space Admin
Dept of Treasury
Dept of Energy
Marines
Dept of Justice
Subtotal
Total for Federal Facilities
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
1,125,408
154,390
103,218
99,550
10
21,027
13,726
10,305
1,527,634
4,294,841
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
273
1,000
30
0
88
653
0
0
2,044
384,602
Underground Injection
Class I
Wells
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Class II-V
Wells
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
250
505,541
RCRA
Subtitle C
Landfills
Pounds
0
5,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,000
23,516
Other
On-site Land
Releases
Pounds
0
0
280
0
48,500
5,343
0
0
54,123
681,351
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
1,125,681
160,390
103,528
99,550
48,598
27,273
13,726
10,305
1,589,051
5,889,851
Off-site
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
11,418
81,246
17,376
0
2,100
1,174
1,265
0
114,579
612,797
Total On-
and Off-site
Releases
Pounds
1,137,099
241,636
120,904
99,550
50,698
28,447
14,991
10,305
1,703,630
6,502,648
Note: On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R. Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R.
appear in Box 2-4 in Chapter 2.) Three of the 15
chemicals with the largest total releases are OSHA
carcinogens: dichloromethane (ranked number
one), trichloroethylene (sixth ranked), and
tetrachloroethylene (eighth ranked). (See Table 10-
6.) These three chemicals' releases totaled 1.5
million pounds, or 88.8% of the total for OSHA
carcinogen releases by Federal facilities.
Air Force facilities reported two-thirds of OSHA
carcinogen releases—1.1 million pounds, or 66.7%.
Navy facilities were the group with the second
largest amount, accounting for 242,000 pounds, or
14.2%. The type of release that was reported in the
largest amounts for most OSHA carcinogens was
air emissions. All but one of the Federal agencies
reported the majority of their OSHA carcinogen
releases as air emissions. For the Department of
Treasury facilities, on-site releases to land were
largest. (See Table 10-7 and Figure 10-7.)
1996 TRI Chemicals in
Waste for Federal
Facilities
Table 10-8 and Figure 10-8 present 1996 waste
management data for all Federal facilities.
Production-related waste totaled 47.6 million
pounds in 1996. Off-site recycling was the largest
waste management activity reported, with 18.5
million pounds, or 38.8% of total production-
related waste. On-site recycling followed with 12.2
million pounds, or 25.6%.
Army facilities led all waste management
categories in 1996, except off-site recycling and
quantities released on- and off-site. Army facilities'
total production-related waste was 23.8 million
pounds, 49.9% of the total for Federal facilities.
(See Table 10-8.) The agency reporting the second
largest amount of total production-related waste
was the Department of the Treasury, due to reports
of 13.8 million pounds in off-site recycling. Third
ranked were Air Force facilities, with 2.7 million
pounds, of which 2.0 million pounds were released
on- and off-site.
385
-------
Chapter 10 — TRI Data for Federal Facilities
9 Transfers Off-site to Disposal
• Other On-site Land Releases
O RCRA Subtitle C Landfills
Q Water
• Surface Water
• Air
o
UIJ, Class I Wells = 0
Air Force Navy Army NASA Treasury Energy Marines Justice
Figure 10-7. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases of OSHA Carcinogens,
1996: Federal Facilities (Agencies with Largest Totals)
Note: On-sitc Releases from Section 5 of Form R. Off-site Releases from Section 6 (off-site transfers to disposal) of Form R UIJ=underground injection
Table 10-8. Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, 1996: Federal Facilities
Agency
Dcpt of Defense
Air Force
Army
Defense Logistics Agency
Minncs
Navy
Army Corps of Engineer*
DqM. of Agriculture
Dcpt of Energy
Dcpl of Health and Human Services
Dcpt of Interior
Dept, of Justice
Dcpt of Transpocution
DcptofTrcttury
Environmental Protection Agency
National Aeronautics and Space Admin
Tennessee Valley Authority
US. Enrichment Corporation
Tout for Federal Facilities
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
11,378,222
61,738
10,109,100
1,184,803
0
22,581
0
0
362,585
0
0
0
0
0
0
429,110
0
0
12,169,917
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
7,700
0
7,700
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7,700
Treated
On-site
Pounds
9,003,084
232,362
8,593,120
0
0
177,602
1,575
57,600
369,847
43,000
0
0
0
120
0
78
52,500
122,400
9,650,204
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
4,623,737
151,932
3,855,829
0
152,612
463,364
0
0
68,509
0
0
0
0
13,782,277
0
8,790
0
0
18,483,313
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
338,304
69,562
108,514
0
106,000
54,228
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7,270
0
0
345,574
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
595,649
161,785
243,270
0
87,034
103,560
180
59
2,242
900
0
0
0
1
0
19,098
12,226
0
630,355
Quantity
Released
On- and
Off-site
Pounds
3,809,539
2,011,839
839,634
4,854
180,633
772,579
9,200
605,871
731,376
0
16,173
23,305
19,600
66,248
17
329,675
10,071
683,680
6,304,755
Total Non-
Production- Production-
related related
Waste Waste
Pounds Pounds
29,756,235
2,689,218
23,757,167
1,189,657
526,279
1,593,914
10,955
663,530
1,534,559
43,900
16,173
23,305
19,600
13,848,646
17
794,021
74,797
806,080
47,591,818
96,155
60,311
35,804
0
40
0
0
68
8,289
450
0
0
0
0
0
2,801
0
0
107,763
Note: Data from Section 8 of Form R,
386
-------
Chapter 10— TRI Data for Federal Facilities
Distribution of production-related waste for the top
Federal agencies appears in Figure 10-9.
Projected Quantities of
TRI Chemicals in Waste
Projections by Federal facilities are presented in Table
10-9. The table shows large increases for on-site
recycling and on-site treatment for reporting year
1998. This is a result of a very large increase projected
by one facility. The U.S. Army Ammunition Plant in
Radford, Virginia, projected increases of nitric acid in
on-site recycling from 9.2 million pounds to 92.0
million pounds and on-site treatment from 4.1 million
Quantity
Released
13%
On-siie
Waste
Management
46%
Off-site
Waste
Management
41%
Figure 10-8. Distribution of TRI Production-
related Waste, 1996: Federal Facilities
Note! Data ftom S ection 8 of the Form R
• Quantity Released
QTreated Off-site
0 Energy Recovery Off-site
D Recycled Off-site
• Treated On-site
D Energy Recovery On-site
0 Recycled On-site
Amy Treas Ar Navy Energy Defense US
Force Logistics Enrich.
Corp.
NASA Agri. Marines
Figure 10-9. Distribution of Production-related Waste, 1996:
Federal Facilities (Agencies with Largest Totals)
Note: Data from Section 8 of Form R
387
-------
Chapter 10 — TRI Data for Federal Facilities
Table 10-9. Current Year and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, 1996-1998: Federal Facilities
\\aitc Management Activity
Qq.«JieWti(e Management
Recycled On-iitc
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-silc
Off-Si'iC Wtitc Marugement
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-lite
Quanlity Released
On- and Off-site
Tola! Production-related Waste
for Federal Facilities
Waste Management Activity
Oa-iile Wme Management
Recycled On-sltc
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-iitc
Qfr.;iie Waste Management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-site
Quanlity Released
On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
for Federal Facilities
Current Year 1996
Total Percent
Pounds ofTotal
12,169,917 25 6
7,700 0 0
9,650,204 20.3
18,483,313 38.8
345,574 0.7
630,355 1.3
6,304,755 13 2
47,591,818 100.0
Projected Change
1996-1997
Percent
314
-90.9
-23.1
-24.1
-55
-18.9
-15.2
-8.4
Projected 1997
Total Percent
Pounds ofTotal
15,987,048 36 7
700 00
7,420,741 17 0
14,024,602 32 2
326,682 0 7
511,082 12
5,346,094 12 3
43,616,949 100.0
Projected Change
1997-1998
Percent
4889
-1000
4709
-35
-66
-78
-81
257 1
Projected 1998
Total
Pounds
94,151,989
0
42,365,388
13,539,209
305,222
471,457
4,911,237
155,744,502
Projected Change
1996-1998
Percent
6736
-1000
3390
-267
-11 7
-252
-22 1
227.3
Percent
ofTotal
605
00
272
87
02
0.3
32
100.0
Note: Current year and projected year amounts are taken from Section 8 of Form R for 1996.
pounds to 41.0 million pounds from 1996 to 1998.
The facility expected to install a new system to make
dinitrotoluene. Since then, however, the facility has
decided not to install the new system so projections
should be lower in subsequent years.
Federal facilities projected an overall increase of over
200% in production-related waste from 1996 to 1998.
Without the one form for nitric acid mentioned above,
however, this would have been a projected decrease of
24.3%. On-site recycling and treatment are projected
to increase, also because of the one form for nitric
acid. Off-site recycling is projected to decrease by
26.7% from 1996 to 1998 and off-site treatment by
25.2%. Quantities released on- and off-site are also
expected to decrease, by 22.1%. (As explained in
Chapter 2, facilities not only report current data but
project waste management quantities for the next two
years in their TRI submissions.)
388
Source Reduction Activity
Among the 378 forms from Federal facilities, 155 or
41.0% indicated at least one source reduction activity
underway in 1996, as shown in Table 10-10. As stated
earlier, Executive Order 12856 establishes release and
transfer goals for Federal facilities. The Executive
Order encourages Federal facilities to use the waste
management hierarchy, which gives priority to source
reduction, as the means to achieve these goals. Several
agencies seem to be accomplishing this source
reduction objective. Two agencies that have one
reporting facility each, the Department of Health and
Human Services and the Department of
Transportation, indicated source reduction activities
for each chemical reported. Agencies with large
percentages of forms that reported source reduction
activities were the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (75.0% of forms submitted) and the
Air Force (67.2%).
-------
The most prevalent type of source reduction activity
undertaken was good operating practices, with 71
forms, or 45.8% of all forms reporting source
reduction activity. National Aeronautics and Space
Administration facilities, however, reported good
operating practices and process modifications in equal
numbers, and Air Force facilities reported more forms
with cleaning and degreasing and surface preparation
and finishing. (See Table 10-10.)
Year-to-Year
Comparisons for Federal
Facilities
1995-1996 TRI Data for Federal
Facilities
On- and Off-site Releases
From 1995 to 1996, on- and off-site releases
reported by Federal facilities decreased by 24.9%,
from 8.7 million pounds to 6.5 million pounds. The
Chapter 10— TRI Data for Federal Facilities
largest reduction, in pounds, occurred in reported
air emissions, which decreased 1.7 million pounds,
or 28.7%. The largest percentage decrease was in
on-site land releases, which were reduced by 33.7%
(358,000 pounds). Off-site releases (transfers off-
site to disposal) decreased by 28.2%, or 241,000
pounds. Very little change was reported in surface
water discharges (a 1.0% decrease). Underground
injection increased by 180,000 pounds, or 55.2%.
Table 10-11 presents 1995 and 1996 reporting by
Federal facilities, and Figure 10-10 illustrates the
changes by release type.
Also indicated on Table 10-11 is a 16.6% decrease
from 1995 to 1996 in the number of forms
submitted by Federal facilities. At the same time,
Form A certification statements from Federal
facilities increased 40.0%. (The Form A
certification statement is explained in Chapter 1.)
This may reflect greater awareness of the Form A
certification statement in its second year.
Table 10-12 shows changes in on-and off-site
releases from 1995 to 1996 for each Federal
agency. Air Force facilities reported the largest
decreases with a reduction of 1.6 million pounds, or
Table 10-10. Number of Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity, 1996: Federal Facilities
Category of Source Reduction Activity
Forms Reporting Source Raw Surface
Redaction Activities Goad Spill Material Process Cleaning Preparation Product
Total Percent of Operating Inventory and Leak Modifi- Modifl- and and Moilifi-
Agency Forms All Forms Practices Control Prevention cations cations Degreasing Finishing cations
Number Number Percent Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number
Dept of Defense
Air Force
Army
Defense Logistics Agency
Marines
Navy
Army Corps of Engineers
Dept of Agriculture
Dept of Energy
Dept of Health and Human Services
Dept of Interior
Dept of Justice
Dept of Transportation
Dept of Treasury
Environmental Protection Agency
National Aeronautics and Space Ad
Tennessee Valley Authority
U S Enrichment Corp
Total for Federal Facilities
247
64
105
5
22
51
3
11
52
1
5
2
2
15
2
24
6
8
378
118
43
38
0
11
26
0
4
6
I
1
0
2
4
0
IS
0
1
155
478
672
362
00
500
510
00
364
11 5
1000
200
00
1000
26,7
00
750
00
125
41 0
54
16
23
0
1
14
0
0
4
0
1
0
0
1
0
11
0
0
71
36
9
15
0
0
12
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
38
12
4
5
0
0
3
0
4
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
21
15
10
5
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
3
0
1
0
0
21
19
11
5
0 ,
0
3
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
11
0
1
32
33
27
2
0
o"
4
0
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
41
44
22
3
0
14
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
47
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
4
389
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Chapter 10 — TRI Data for Federal Facilities
Surface Underground On-site Transfers
Water Injection Land Off-site
Releases to Disposal
Figure 10-10. Percentage Change in On-site and Off-site Releases,
1995-1996: Federal Facilities
No tK On-slte Releases from Section 5 of Form Rand Off-site Releases ftom Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Breakdown of On-site Land Releases
and Ltadaiground Irjecfennotrequired in 1995.
44.4%, This was achieved primarily by reductions
in air emissions, of 1,0 million pounds, or 34.7%.
Army and Marine facilities reported the second and
third largest decreases, with reductions of 286,000
pounds (24.7%) and 271,000 pounds (51.4%),
respectively. All other agencies reported reductions
from 1995 to 1996 except for Department of
Agriculture and Department of Energy facilities,
which reported increases, of 124,000 (25.8%) and
157,000 pounds (26.9%), respectively. Also, the
Department of Health and Human Services facility
and the Environmental Protection Agency facility
showed small increases.
Other On-slte Waste Management
Reporting of on-site waste management by Federal
facilities also appears in Table 10-11. This table
indicates a reduction in other on-site waste
management for 1995 to 1996. However, these data
include one form with an error in 1995 reporting. The
U.S. Army facility in Radford, Virginia, reported 34.0
million pounds of nitric acid recycled on-site for 1995
in error. The correct amount is 3.4 million pounds.
Box 10-2 presents the corrected data for Table 10-11.
As Box 10-2 indicates, this corrected information also
applies to several other sections later in this chapter.
The following discussion is based on the information
shown in Box 10-2.
i
In 1995, on-site waste management by Federal
facilities totaled 18.1 million pounds, and in 1996,
21.8 million pounds. This constituted a 20,4%
increase, which was from an increase in on-site
recycling of 7.1 million pounds. On-site treatment
decreased by 3.4 million pounds, or 26.2%. Very
little on-site energy recovery is reported by Federal
facilities.
Table 10-13 shows changes in on-site waste
management from 1995 to 1996 for each Federal
agency. Box 10-2 gives the corrected data for this
390
-------
Chapter 1O— TKIOata for Fetferaf Facifftfes
Table 10-11. Comparison of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, Other On-site Waste Management, and Transfers Off-site
for Further Waste Management, 1995-1996: Federal Facilities
Total Facilities
Total Forms
FormRs
Form As
On-site Releases
Total Air Emissions
Fugitive Air
Point Source Air
Surface Water Discharges
Underground Injection
Oa-srte Land Releases
Total On-site Releases
Off-site Releases
Transfers Off-site to Disposal
Total On- and Off-site Releases
Other On-srte Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated Go-site
Total Other On-site Waste Management
Transfers Off-site forFurfher Waste Management
Transfers to Recycling
Transfers to Energy Recovery
Transfeis to Treatment
Transfers to POTWs
Other Off-site Transfers
Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management
1995
Number
148
453
433
20
Pounds
6,025,046
2,898,152
3,126,894
388,541
325,751
1,062,633
7,801,971
853,704
8,655,675
35,643,116
13,084
13,067,406
48,723,606
20,692,884
422,412
896,623
115,132
0
22,127,051
1996
Number
133
378
350
28
Pounds
4,294,841
2,463,277
1,831,564
384,602
505,541
704,867
5,889,851
612,797
6,502,648
12,169,917
7,700
9,650,204
21,827,821
18,553,503
304,101
590,337
71,893
0
19,519,834
Change
1995 to 1996
Percent
-101
-16.6
-192
400
Percent
-28.7
-150
-41.4
-10
552
-33,7
-245
-28.2
-24.9
-659
-41 1
-262
-552
-10.3
-280
-342
-376
—
-118
Note- On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Other On-site Waste Management
from Section 8 ofFonn R, Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R Breakdown of
UndergroundlnjectionandOn-siteLandReleasesnotrequiredin 1995 OmerOff-site Transfers aretransfers reported wilhouta valid waste management code See
corrected oil-site waste management data in Box 10-2.
table, taking into account the effect of the error by
one Army facility. Army facilities reported the
largest amounts of on-site waste management in
born years. In both 1995 and 1996, they accounted
for 85.7%. The increase was 3.2 million pounds, or
20.5%. Five other agencies also showed increases:
Defense Logistics Agency, Army Corps of
Engineers, Departments of Agriculture and Energy,
and the U.S. Enrichment Corporation. Seven
agencies reported reductions from 1995 to 1996:
Air Force, Marines, Navy, Departments of Health
and Human Services and Treasury, National
Aeronautics and Space Administration, and the
Tennessee Valley Authority. The other five Federal
agencies (Departments of Interior, Justice,
Transportation, and Veterans Affairs, and the
Environmental Protection Agency) reported no
amounts for on-site waste management in either
year.
Transfers Off-site for
Further Waste Management
Federal facilities reported decreases in transfers off-
site for further waste management of 11.8%, from
22.1 million pounds to 19.5 million pounds. These
391
-------
Chapter 10 — TRI Data for Federal Facilities
Box 10-2. Correction to TRI Other On-site Waste Management Data, 1995-1996: Federal Facilities
Correction to TRI Other On-site Waste Management Data, 1995-1996:
One Army facility submitted a 1996 form with on-site recycling data in. the prior year
column (1995) that differed from 1995 reporting by a factor of 10. Correcting for this
error would result in the following data for federal facilities* reporting of on-site
waste management:
Corrected Data for Table 10-11 and Table 10-15
Waste Management Activity
On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Total On-site Waste Management
Total Production-related Waste
1995 1996
Pounds Pounds
5,043,116 12,169,917
13,084 7,700
13,067,406 9,650,204
18,123,606 21,827,821
47,483,831.00 47,591,818.00
Federal Facilities
Change from 1995-1996
Pounds
7,126,801
-5,384
-3,417,202
3,704,215
107,987.00
Percent
141.3
-41.1
-26.2
20.4
0.2
Corrected Data for Table 10-13
Agency
Army
Energy
Recycled Recovery
Year On-site On-site
Pounds Pounds
96 10,109,100 7,700
95 3,497,968 13,000
Treated
Oil-site
Pounds
8,593,120
12,013,462
Total
On-site Waste
Management
Pounds
18,709,920
15,524,430
Note: One form from Army facility: change from 34,000,€00 to 3,400,000, recycled oa-site 1995
data also appear in Table 10-11. The net decrease
for off-site waste management was 2.6 million
pounds. Transfers off-site to recycling constitute
the largest portion of transfers off-site for further
waste management and were reduced by 10.3%, or
2,1 million pounds from 1995 to 1996. All other
such transfer categories also recorded decreases, of
about 30%.
Table 10-14 shows changes in transfers off-site for
further waste management from 1995 to 1996 for
each Federal agency. Navy facilities reported the
largest decrease in transfers off-site for further
waste management, of 1.4 million pounds (69.7%
reduction). The largest increase was reported by the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Its
facilities reported an increase of 183,000 pounds,
which was three times the amount reported by this
agency in 1995.
Facilities with Large Increases and Decreases in
Releases, 1995-1996
Two Federal facilities reported increases of greater
than 100,000 pounds from 1995 to 1996. The U.S.
Department of Energy Naval Petroleum Reserves of
California in Tupman, California, reported an
increase in on-site underground injection of
methanol of 184,000 pounds, from 315,000 pounds
in 1995 to 499,000 pounds in 1996, Methanol is
used at this facility for freeze protection in
pipelines. The amount used year to year depends on
392
-------
Chapter 10— TRI Data for Federal Facilities
Table 10-12, TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, 1995-1996: Federal Facilities
On-site Releases
Agency
Dept of Defense
Air Force
Army
Defense Logistics Agency
Marines
Navy
Army Corps of Engineers
Dept of Agriculture
Dept of Energy
Dept of Health and Human Services
Dept of Interior
Dept of Justice
Dept. of Transportation
Dept ofTreaswy
Dept of Veterans Afikirs
Environmental Protection Agency
National Aeronautics and Space Admi
Tennessee Valley Authority
U S Enrichment Corporation
Total for Federal Facilities
Year
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
Surface
Total Air Water Underground
Emissions Discharges Injection
Pounds Pounds Pounds
3,060,551
4,612,697
1,895,706
2,903,603
413,931
649,851
4,854
5,101
165,625
362,188
580,435
691,954
3,910
3,120
10
0
196,948
203,097
0
0
750
750
10,305
19,510
19,600
16,499
280
7,670
341,430
359,098
87,366
34,748
248,587
312,766
0
0
27
47
5,450
11,537
300
255
0
0
27,461
10,782
0
0
4,017
4,086
1,300
13,000
0
0
107
0
No reports received
0 0
17
11
327,182
473,974
335
13,620
674,953
674,098
4,294,841
6,025,046
0
0
0
0
9,736
0
251
1,320
384,602
388,541
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
505,541
325,751
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
505,541
325,751
Releases
to Land
Pounds
26,805
489,891
41
486,507
2,989
2,874
0
250
0
3
23,775
257
5,000
19,000
605,470 "
481,120
10,687
42,277
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
56,900
30,000
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
340
704,867
1,062,633
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
3,428,786
5,461,686
1,983,113
3,424,858
665,507
965,491
4,854
5,351
165,652
362,238
609,660
703,748
9,210
22,375
605,480
481,120
740,637
581,907
0
0
4,772
4,836
11,605
32,510
19,600
16,499
57,287
37,670
0
17
11
327,182
473,979
10,071
13,620
675,204
675,758
5,889,851
7,801,971
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
599,877
797,675
80,029
287,560
208,526
194,482
0
505
90,541
164,849
220,781
150,279
0
0
0
0
1,174
2,501
750
0
0
0
0
0
1,096
4,544
9,350
34,050
0
0
0
320
14,934
0
0
230
0
612,797
853,704
Total On-
and Off-site
Releases
Pounds
4,028,663
6,259,361
2,063,142
3,712,418
874,033
1,159,973
4,854
5,856
256,193
527,087
830,441
854,027
9,210
22,375
605,480
481,120
741,811
584,408
750
0
4,772
4,836
11,605
32,510
20,696
21,043
66,637
71,720
0
17
11
327,502
488,913
10,071
13,620
675,434
675,758
6,502,648
8,655,675
Note: On-site Releases from Seofton 5 of Form R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R.
393
-------
Chapter 10 — TRI Data for Federal Facilities
Table 10*13. TRI Other On-site Waste Management, 1995-1996; Federal Facilities
Agency
Dcpt of Defense
AirFotee
Army
Defense Logistics Agency
Marines
Navy
Army Corps of Engineers
Dept of Agriculture
Dept of Energy
Dcpt of Health sad Human Services
Dept of Interior
Dcpt of Justice
Dcpt ofTransportation
Dcpt.ofHreasuiy
Dcpt, of Veterans Affaire
Environmental Protection Agency
National Aeronautics and Space Admin.
Tennessee Valley Authority
U.S. Enrichment Corporation
Total forFedcral Facilities
Year
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
%
95
96
95
96
95
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
11,378,222
34,709,104
61,738
117,680
10,109,100
34,097,968
1,184,803
436,000
0
9,224
22,581
48,232
0
0
0
0
362,585
307,661
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
No reports received
0
0
0
429,110
626,351
0
0
0
0
12,169,917
35,643,116
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
7,700
13,084
0
84
7,700
13,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7,700
13,084
Treated
On-site
Pounds
9,003,084
12,489,922
232,362
255,475
8,593,120
12,013,462
0
0
0
406
177,602
220,579
1,575
350
57,600
46,300
369,847
383,490
43,000
44,668
0
0
0
0
0
0
120
2,330
0
0
0
78
70
52,500
62,576
122,400
37,700
9,650,204
13,067,406
Total Other
On-site Waste
Management
Pounds
20,389,006
47,212,110
294,100
373,239
18,709,920
46,124,430
1,184,803
436,000
0
9,630
200,183
268,811
1,575
350
57,600
46,300
732,432
691,151
43,000
44,668
0
0
0
0
0
0
120
2,330
0
0
0
429,188
626,421
52,500
62,576
122,400
37,700
21,827,821
48,723,606
Note: Doti from Section 8 of Form R. See corrected data in Box 10-2.
394
-------
Chapter 10— TRI Data for Federal Facilities
Table 10-14. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, 1995-1996; Federal Facilities
Agency Year
Dept of Defense
Air Force
Army
Defense Logistics Agency
Marines
Navy
Array Corps of Engineers
Dept of Agriculture
Dept of Energy
Dept of Health and Human Services
Dept of Interior
Dept of Justice
Dept of Transportation
Dept of Treasury
Dept of Veterans Affairs
Environmental Protection Agency
National Aeronautics and Space Admin
Tennessee Valley Authority
US Enrichment Corporation
Total for Federal Facilities
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
96
95
Transfers
Transfers to Energy
to Recycling Recovery
Pounds Pounds
4,566,374
5,888,229
152,142
503,454
3,855,274
3,376,650
0
0
95,622
276,165
463436
1,731,960
0
0
0
0
28,771
93,535
0
54,509
0
20,979
0
0
0
0
13,742,428
14,603,963
No reports received
0
0
0
215,930
31,669
0
0
0
0
18,553,503
20,692,884
295,346
401,482
70,479
125,177
65,314
103,874
0
0
105,415
36,800
54,138
135,631
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,517
0
0
0
0
0
8,755
19,413
0
0
0
0
304,101
422,412
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
566,657
871,491
129,132
147,464
293,964
560,458
0
2,287
86,184
75,251
57,377
86,031
0
0
0
0
2,240
7,320
0
603
0
4,852
0
0
0
282
5
0
0
0
0
21,435
12,075
0
0
0
0
590,337
896,623
Total Transfers
Other Off-site for
Transfers Off-site Further Waste
to POTWs Transfers Management
Pounds Pounds Pounds
58,461
23,267
29,496
1,311
6,432
3,581
0
0
1,015
1,275
21,518
17,100
180
325
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
775
540
91,000
0
0
1
0
12,226
0
0
0
71,893
115,132
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,486,838
7,184,469
381,249
777,406
4,220,984
4,044,563
0
2,287
288,236
389,491
596,369
1,970,722
180
325
250 '
0
31,011
100,855
0
55,112
0
25,831
0
0
0
1,799
13,743,208
14,604,503
91,000
0
0
246,121
63,157
12,226
0
0
0
19,519,834
22,127,051
Note Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management froniSection 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R
395
-------
Chapter 10 — TRI Data for Federal Facilities
the winter weather. The colder the winter, the more
that is used and subsequently injected underground.
The Department of Agriculture (USDA) Research
Service in Clay Center, Nebraska, reported an
increase in on-site land releases of ammonia of
124,000 pounds, from 403,000 in 1995 to 527,000
pounds in 1996. The reporting by this USDA
facility highlights the effects of Executive Order
12856. Almost all of the reported releases arise
from application of anhydrous ammonia as a
fertilizer for corn. These releases make the Clay
Center facility one of the top facilities in Nebraska
for total on- and off-site releases. Department of
Agriculture facilities, like many other Federal
facilities, do not operate in the manufacturing
sectors (SIC codes 20 to 39) that are subject to TRI
reporting. If these facilities were in the private
sector, their releases would not be reported to TRI
because agricultural facilities generally are not
covered under TRI. To provide the public with
some information on noa-reportable sources of TRI
chemical releases, such as the application of
fertilizers, EPA has included a discussion of diffuse
sources in Chapter 2.
Three U.S. Air Force Bases reported the largest
decreases in total on- and off-site releases among
Federal facilities. Elmendorf Air Force Base in
Alaska reported 481,000 pounds of ethylene glycol
released on-site to land in 1995. It did not report for
1996 because it now uses propylene glycol instead.
Tinker Air Force Base in Oklahoma reported the
second largest decrease, of 173,000 pounds of air
emissions of dichloromethane. This facility
reported 546,000 pounds in 1995 and 373,000
pounds in 1996. A third Air Force base, Robins Air
Force Base in Georgia also reported decreases of air
emissions of dichloromethane, from 254,000
pounds in 1995 to 134,000 pounds in 1996, a
decrease of 120,000. Robins Air Force Base and
Tinker Air Force Base achieved these reductions
through source reduction programs. Tinker Air
Force Base is in the process of implementing a
detailed pollution prevention plan that targets TRI
chemicals for significant reductions through me
application of process changes and new technology.
396
The chemical dichloromethane is used primarily in
paint stripping of aircraft and aircraft parts, but
also in degreasing and the cleaning of bearings. The
installation of the Aircraft Component Stripping
high pressure water jet system has significantly
reduced chemicals used for paint stripping, and
dichloromethane has been eliminated for bearing-
cleaning operations through the use of an aqueous
cleaning process. Additional reductions have been
achieved since 1996 through the use of
Environmentally Acceptable Strippers for aircraft
paint stripping operations. Robins Air Force Base
uses a baking soda high pressure water system to
limit its use of chemical paint strippers.
1995-1996 Waste Management Data
for Federal Facilities
Table 10-15 summarizes on- and off-site waste
management data for Federal facilities for 1995 and
1996. As before, Box 10-2, presented above,
provides corrected data for this table, taking into
account the effect of one facility's error in reporting
of on-site waste management. The following
discussion reflects the data in Box 10-2.
Total production-related waste remained about the
same from 1995 to 1996 for Federal facilities.
However, all types of waste management activity
showed decreases except on-site recycling. Off-site
waste management decreased a total of 2.6 million
pounds, or 12.0%. Quantities released on- and off-
site also had reductions of 2.3 million pounds, or
26.7%.
Facilities with Large Increases and Decreases
in Waste Management, 1995-1996
The U.S. Defense Logistics Agency in Richmond,
Virginia, reported increases for four CFCs and
Halons in on-site recycling. On-site recycling for
the four was 436,000 pounds in 1995 and 1.2
million pounds in 1996, an increase of 749,000
pounds. This facility is the Federal reserve for
ozone-depleting substances for all Department of
Defense facilities. The facility receives the
substances, recycles them, and returns them for
-------
Chapter 10— TRI Data for Federal Facilities
reuse. The facility's mission is to increase the
amount of ozone-depleting substances received and
recycled. Increases in on-site recycling are
anticipated over the next few years until such
substances are completely phased out. This
program was initiated in late 1994.The second
largest reported increase was from the U.S. Army's
Lake City Ammunition plant in Independence,
Missouri, which reported off-site recycling of
copper of 1.3 million pounds in 1995 and 1.6
million pounds in 1996, an increase of 337,000
pounds. The facility with the third largest increase
was the U.S. Mint in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,
which reported 3.5 million pounds of copper
recycled off-site in 1995 and 3.8 million pounds in
1996, an increase of 300,000 pounds.
JThe Philadelphia Naval Shipyard in Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania, reported the largest decrease with an
overall reduction of 1.5 million pounds from 1995
to 1996. In 1995, this facility, which consisted of
both a shipyard and a foundry, reported 1.5 million
pounds of copper recycled off-site. In 1996, the
shipyard closed, but the foundry remains in
operation. The amount of copper reported as
recycled off-site in 1996 was 150,000 pounds.
The facility with the largest decrease in waste
management was the U.S. Mint in Denver,
Colorado. This Department of the Treasury facility
reported 8.7 million pounds of copper recycled off-
site in 1995 and 7.7 million pounds in 1996, a
reduction of 1.0 million pounds. The Denver Mint
attributes this reduction to a decrease in production
of nickels, which are made with a copper core.
Other Apparent Increases and Decreases in
Waste Management, 1995-1996
In the TRI database, there are other facilities with
large apparent increases and decreases, which have
been identified as reporting- errors or changes.
There is one such Federal facility:
U.S. Army Ammunition Plant, Radford,
Virginia, decrease of 27.1 million pounds,
reporting error (see Box 10-3).
1994-1996 TRI Data for Federal
Facilities
Federal facilities have been required to report to
TRI since the 1994 reporting year. (While some
facilities, most notably in the Department of
Energy, began reporting in 1993, some facilities
did not submit reports until 1995.) Industry-specific
chapters in this public data release analyze TRI
reporting from 1988, TRI's baseline year, to 1996.
They also review waste management data since
1991, the year that TRI began collecting this
information, through 1996. Because Federal-
facility reporting does not cover these longer
periods, this section compares data from 1994 to
1996 only.
Multi-year comparisons of TRI data rely on the list
of "core" TRI chemicals that were reportable, with
the same reporting definition, in all years. For the
years 1994 through 1996, in addition to delisted
chemicals, this set of chemicals excludes the
chemicals added in 1995 and also ammonia,
hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid because of
changes in their reporting definitions. These
analyses also cover only the data elements that were
collected in all years, which excludes from this
section any analysis that distinguishes RCRA
subtitle C landfills from other land releases as well
as analysis based on the types of underground
injection wells.
On- and Off-site Releases
From 1994 to 1996, the number of Federal facilities
reporting to TRI decreased from 172 to 122, a
29.1% decrease, as shown in Table 10-16. The
number of forms submitted dropped from 611 to
341, a 44.2% decrease. More than three-quarters of
this decrease (233 forms out of 270 forms) was due
to Department of Defense facilities. The
Department of Defense credits much of this
decrease to reductions in the use of TRI chemicals
achieved through its agency-wide policy of source
reduction. In addition, three major Navy facilities
closed and three private contractor-operated
397
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Chapter 10 — TRI Date for Federal Facilities
Table 10-15. TRI Waste Management Data, 1995-1996: Federal Facilities
Waste Minagement Activity
Qo^fjtg Waste Monsgetnent
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Total On-site Waste Management
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-site
Total Off-site Waste Management
Quantity Released On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
Non- Production-related Waste
1995
Pounds
35,643,116
13,084
13,067,406
48,723,606
20,642,592
474,708
990,294
22,107,594
8,602,631
79,433,831
178,390
1996
Pounds
12,169,917
7,700
9,650,204
21,827,821
18,483,313
345,574
630,355
19,459,242
6,304,755
47,591,818
107,763
Change from
Pounds
-23,473,199
-5,384
-3,417,202
-26,895,785
-2,159,279
-129,134
-359,939
-2,648,352
-2,297,876
-31,842,013
-70,627
1995-1996
Percent
-65.9
-41.1
-26.2
-55.2
-10.5
-27.2
-363
-12.0
-26.7
-40.1
-39.6
Note: Data from Section 8 of Form R (Current Year, Column B) of year indicated. Sec corrected on-site waste management data in Box 10-2,
facilities closed or were mothballed between 1994
and 1996,
Total on- and off-site releases reported by Federal
facilities, also presented in Table 10-16, decreased
by half (50.4%) during this period, from 11.0
million pounds to 5.4 million pounds. Air
emissions, which were the largest release type in all
three years, also decreased by half (50.7%), from
8.3 million pounds to 4.1 million pounds. In 1994,
releases to air reported by Federal facilities were
divided about equally between fugitive and point
source emissions. By 1996, however, this had
changed. From 1994 to 1996, fugitive air emissions
decreased 44.3% and point source air emissions
decreased 57.3%, compared to 1994 reporting. As a
result, fugitive air emissions of 2.4 million pounds
in 1996 represented a larger proportion (57.5%) of
the Federal facilities' air releases.
Other types of on-site releases reported by Federal
facilities increased from 1994 to 1996, although the
amounts remained well below 1 million pounds in
each category. These were a 12.7% increase in
surface water discharges, 58.8% increase in
underground injection, and 39.7% increase in on-
site land releases. Off-site releases (transfers to
disposal), however, decreased by 71.7% from 2.2
million pounds to 613,000 pounds. These data also
appear in Table 10-16 and they are illustrated in
Figure 10-11.
Table 10-17 provides 1994-1996 data for on- and
off-site releases for each Federal agency. The
largest reductions were reported by the Air Force
(2.9 million pounds, a decrease of 59.7%) and the
Army (1.3 million pounds, a decrease of 66.9%).
For the Air Force, most of the overall decrease was
in air emissions (2.6 million pounds). For the
Army, the largest reduction was in off-site releases
(740,000 pounds transferred to disposal), followed
by air emissions (518,000 pounds). The largest
increase was 120,000 pounds (21.4%) by
Department of Energy facilities, principally in
underground injection.
398
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Chapter 10— TRI Data for Federal Facilities
Table 10-16. Comparison of TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, Other On-site Waste Management, and Transfers for
Further Waste Management, 1994-1996: Federal Facilities
Total Facilities
Total Fonns
FormRs
Form As
On-site Releases
Total Air Emissions
Fugitive Air
Point Source Air
Surface Water
Underground Injection
On-site Land Releases
Total On-site Releases
Off-site Releases
Transfers Off-site to Disposal
Total On- and Off-site Releases
Other Pa-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Total Other On-site Waste Management
Transfers Off-site for Farther Waste Management
Transfers to Recycling
Transfers to Energy Recovery
Transfers to Treatment
Transfers to POTWs
Other Off-site Transfers
Total Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management
1994
Number
172
611
611
NA
Pounds
8,315,612
4,237,122
4,078,490
109,999
318,318
71,129
8,815,058
2,163,898
10,978,956
1,995,164
633,190
2,504,525
5,132,879
18,296,314
597,731
1,769,843
232,151
1,700
20,897,739
1995
Number
139
419
399
20
Pounds
5,715,738
2,685,945
3,029,793
79,721
325,751
581,513
6,702,723
849,290
7,552,013
35,643,116
13,084
12,566,460
48,222,660
20,635,425
419,412
891,471
112,422
0
22,058,730
1996
Number
122
341
314
27
Pounds
4,098,880
2358,622
1,740,258
123,962
505,541
99,383
4,827,766
612,567
5,440,333
12,167,717
7,700
9,312,954
21,488,371
18,524,539
304,101
589,916
37,528
0
19,456,084
Change
1994 to 1996
Percent
-29.1
-44.2
-48.6
Percent
-507
-443
-57.3
12.7
58.8
39.7
-45.2
-71.7
-50.4
509.9
-988
271.8
318.6
12
^9.1
-66.7
-83.8
-100 0
-69
Note. Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1995, and ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid! On-site Releases from Section 5 of Form
R and Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R. Other On-site Waste Management from Section 8 of Form R. Transfers
Off-site for Further Waste Management from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) of Fonn R. Breakdown of Underground Injection and On-site
Land Releases not required before 1996 Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste management code
NA not required to be reported in that year See corrected data in Box 10-3.
Other On-site Waste Management
Table 10-16 also provides data on Federal facilities'
reporting of other on-site waste management from
1994 to 1996. Box 10-3 supplies corrected data for
this table, taking into account the effect of an error
in reporting for on-site recycling in 1994 and 1995
and for on-site treatment in 1994. The following
discussion is based on the information shown in
Box 10-3. The overall change was a decrease from
34.3 million pounds in 1994 to 21.5 million pounds
in 1996. This was a decrease of 37.4%. TMs was
the result of a decrease of 12.8 million pounds
(51.3% decrease) in on-site recycling. On-site
treatment showed an increase of 7.0%, from 8.7
million pounds in 1994 to 9.3 million pounds in
1996.
Other on-site waste management data for the
individual agencies, for the 1994-1996 period,
appear in Table 10-18. Box 10-3 supplies corrected
399
-------
Chapter 10— TRIData for Federal Facilities
m
60 ,
-80
Air
Surface
Water
Underground
Injection
On-site
Land
Releases
Transfer
Off-site
to Disposal
Figure 10-11. Percentage Change in On-site and Off-site Releases,
1994-1996; Federal Facilities
Note; Docs nol include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1995, and ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulflmc acid Chu-slte Releases from Section 5 of Fonn Rand
Off-rite Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-siteto disposal) of Form R. Breakdown of On-site Land Releases and Underground Injection not required before 1996
data for this table, taking into account the effect of
an error in reporting by one Army facility. The
largest decrease was reported by the Army, a
reduction of 11.5 million pounds (or 38.3%), from
1994 to 1996. Most of this reduction was reported
in on-site recycling. The largest reported increase
was that of the Defense Logistics Agency, an
increase of 606,000 pounds (or 104.6%), resulting
from an increase in on-site recycling.
Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management
From 1994 to 1996, Federal facilities' reporting of
transfers off-site for further waste management
decreased 6.9%, from 20.9 million pounds to 19.5
million pounds. The large majority of this reporting
was in transfers to recycling, which increased
slightly (1.2%), from 18.3 million pounds to 18.5
million pounds. All other types of off-site transfers
decreased. These data also appear in Table 10-16.
Table 10-19 provides data for the Federal agencies
on transfers off-site for further waste management.
Army facilities reported the largest reduction, a
decrease of 1.8 million pounds, or 30.1%, from
1994 to 1996. Facilities of the Department of the
Treasury reported the largest increase, 1.0 million
pounds, or 8.2%.
Facilities with Large Increases
and Decreases in Releases, 1994-1996
The Federal facility with the largest increase in
total on- and off-site releases was U.S. Department
of Energy Naval Petroleum Reserves of California
400
-------
Chapter 10— TRI Data for Federal Facilities
. Table 10-17. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Agency, 1994-1996: Federal Facilities
On-site Releases
Agency
Dept of Defense
Air Force
Army
Defense Logistics Agency ,i_
••
Marines
Navy
Army Corps of Engineers
Dept of Agriculture
Dept of Energy
Dept of Health and Human Services
Dept oflnterior
Dept of Justice
Dept ofTransportation
Dept of Treasury
Dept of Veterans Affairs
Environmental Protection Agency
Year
96
95
94
96 ,
95
. 94
96
• 95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
Surface
Total Air Water Underground
Emissions Discharges Injection
Pounds Pounds Pounds
2,943,461
4,391,417
6,682,870
1,809,856
2,731,753
4,380,750
408,091
640,421
926,237
4,854
5,101
31,707
140,225
322,188
450,845
580,435
691,954
893,331
3,910
3,110
3,410
0
0
102,485
57,555
64,910
87,366
34,748
15,337
9,642
11,223
12,513
0
0
0
27
47
1,027
5,450
11,537
36,033
300
255
1,600
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
26,805
489,891
41,186
41
486,507
20,677
2,989
2,874
14,829
0
250
0
0
3
3,880
23,775
257
1,800
5,000
19,000
' 17,300
0
0
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
3,072,751
4,938,863
6,788,967
1,897,263
3,253,008
4,416,764
420,722
6S4,SiS
953,580 '
4,854
5,351
31,707
140,252
322,238
455,752
609,660
703,748
931,164
9,210
22,365
22,310
0
0
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
599,877
795,321
2,046,943
80,029
285,256
487,215
208,526
194,432
948,858
0
505
0
90,541
164,849
460,134
220,781
150,279
150,736
0
0
0
0
0
Total On-
and Off-site
Releases
Pounds
3,672,628
5,734,184
8,835,910
1,977,292
3,538,264
4,903,979
629,248
848,950
1,902,438
4,854
5,856
31,707
230,793
487,087
915,886
830,441
854,027
1,081,900
9,210
22,365
22,310
0
0
No reports received
155,452
140,969
220,764
0
0
500
750
750
1,161
10,305
19,510
79,360
19,600
16,499
23,566
30
7,410
6,310
5,803
3,542
3,766
0
0
0
4,017
4,086
0
1,300
13,000
13,000
0
0
0
107
0
0
505,541
325,751
318,317
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10,678
42,277
12,273
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
56,900
30,000
20
677,474
512,539
555,120
0
0
500
4,767
4,836
1,161
11,605
32,510
92,360
19,600
16,499
23,816
57,037
37,410
6,330
1,174
2,501
3,848
750
0
60,622
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,096
4,544
1,541
9,350
34,050
37,000
678,648
515,040
558,968
750
0
61,122
4,767
4,836
1,161 '
11,605
32,510
92,360
20,696
21,043
25,357
66,387
71,460
43,330
No reports received
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
No reports received
17
11
20
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
17
11
20
0
0
0
17
11
20
Nate: Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1995, and ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfunc acid On-site Releases ftorn Section 5 of Form R and
Off-site Releases from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R
401
-------
Chapter 10— TRI Data for Federal Facilities
Table 10-17. TRI On-site and Off-site Releases, by Agency, 1994-1996: Federal Facilities, Continued
On-site Releases
Agency
NMtocai Acrantutks and Space Admin.
Nitfonil Security Agency
TcwKisea Vitley Authority
U.S. Enrichment Corpootion
T«»I ftx- Federal Fie ill tics
Yetr
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
327,172
473,964
546,899
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
0
0
2,236
UBderground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
0
5
18
Total
On-site
Releases
Pounds
327,172
473,969
549,153
Off-site
Releases
Transfers
Off-site to
Disposal
Pounds
320
12,874
13,944
Total On-
and Off-site
Releases
Pounds
327,492
486,843
557,397
No reports received
No reports received
0
0
0
0
638,183
662,098
750,752
4,098,880
5,715,738
8,315,612
0
9,736
0
23,704
214
1,283
783
123,962
79,721
109,999
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
505,541
325,751
318,318
0
0
0
21
0
340
61
99,383
581,513
- 71,129
0
9,736
0
23,725
638,397
663,721
751,596
4,827,766
6,702,723
8,815,058
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
612,567
849,290
2,163,898
0
9,736
0
23,725
638,397
663,721
751,596
5,440,333
7,552,013
10,978,954
Note: Does not include dclisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1995, and ammonia, hydrochloric acid, andsulfurtc acid Oil-site Releases from Section 5 of Fonn R and
O IT-sUe Rdcujti from Section 6 (transfers off-site to disposal) of Form R.
in Tupman, California. Reporting of meihanol has
varied, with 308,000 pounds injected underground
in 1994, 184,000 pounds in 1995, and 499,000
pounds in 1996. As described above for 1995-to-
1996 increases, methanol is used at this facility as
an antifreeze so that the amount used and
subsequently injected underground varies
depending on winter temperatures. The facility with
the second largest increase was the U.S. Navy
facility in San Diego, California, with 98,000
pounds of aluminum oxide (fibrous forms)
transferred off-site to disposal in 1996 and no
reports for this chemical in 1994. Aluminum oxide
is used as a grit for paint removal and is collected
and disposed of along with paint chips.
The Tinker Air Force Base in Oklahoma reported
the largest decrease of total releases from 1994 to
1996. This facility reported air emissions of
dichloromethane of 857,000 pounds in 1994,
546,000 pounds in 1995, and 373,000 pounds in
1996. As described above for 1995-to-1996
decreases, this was achieved through its source
reduction program. The U.S. Army Arsenal in Pine
Bluff, Arkansas, reported the second largest
decrease, with 348,000 pounds of transfers to
disposal of both hexachloroethane and zinc
compounds in 1994, and no reports for these
chemicals in 1996. A second U.S. Air Force Base,
in Marietta, Georgia, reported a decrease of
187,000 pounds of methyl ethyl ketone, from
192,000 pounds to 5,000 pounds, in air emissions.
It also reported 136,000 pounds in transfers to
disposal of manganese compounds in 1994 and no
report for this chemical in 1996. Methyl ethyl
ketone (MEK) had been used by many at this
facility as a paint gun cleaner and general cleaning
solvent on aircraft. Strict controls on the
distribution of MEK were created, resulting in a
reduction in use and the consequent reduction in
reported air emissions. During a reclamation
project at the base, soils containing naturally
occurring manganese compounds were dug up and
removed. The manganese compounds in the soil
were reported to TRI. This project was completed
before the 1996 reporting year.
1994-1996 Waste Management
Data for Federal Facilities
Table 10-20 summarizes on- and off-site waste
management data for Federal facilities from 1994
to 1996. Box 10-3 supplies corrected data for this
402
-------
Chapter 10— TRI Data for Federal Facilities
Box 10-3. Corrected On-site Waste Management Quantities, 1994-1996: Federal Facilities
One federal Army facility did not submit a report for 1994. The form from this facility for nitric acid
for 1995 indicates large amounts of this chemical were recycled on-site and treated on-site in 1994 (under the
prior year reporting column). In addition, the facility reported a number 10 times smaller for the recycled on-
site amount for 1995 on the 1996 form (under the prior year reporting column) than it did on the 1995 form.
Correcting for these errors would result in the following data.
Corrected Data for Table 10-16 and Table 10-20
Change
Waste Management Activity 1994 1995 1996 1994 to 1996
Pounds Pounds Pounds Percent
Other On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site 24,995,164 5,043,116 12,167,717 -51.3
Energy Recovery On-site 633,190 13,084 7,700 -98.8
Treated On-site 8,704,525 12,566,460 9,312,954 7.0
Total Other On-site Waste Management 34,332,879 17,622,660 21,488,371 -37.4
Total Production-related Waste 65,492,432 47,134,174 46,112,296
Change Change Change
Waste Management Activity 1994-1995 1995-1996 1994-1996
Percent Percent Percent
Other On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site -79.8 141.3 -51.3
Energy Recovery On-site -97.9 -41.1 -98.8
Treated On-site 44.4 -25.9 7.0
Total Other On-site Waste Management -48.7 21.9 -37.4
Total Production-related Waste -28.0 -2.2 -29.6
Corrected Data for Table 10-18
Energy Total Total
Recycled Recovery Treated On-site Waste
Agency Year On-site On-site On-site Management
Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds
Dept. of Defense 96 11,376,022 7,700 8,891,254 20,274,976
95 4,109,104 13,084 11,714,032 15,836,220
94 24,182,837 633,190 6,872,812 31,688,839
Army 96 10,106,900 7,700 8,483,690 18,598,290
95 3,497,968 13,000 11,714,032 15,225,000
94 23,230,686 17,000 6,872,812 30,120,498
Note: Data from Section 8 of Form R One form added for 1994 (23,000,000 pounds recycled on-site and 6,200,000 pounds treated on-site)
One form corrected for 1995 (from 34,000,000 pounds to 3 ,400,000 pounds recycled on-site)
403
-------
Chapter 10— TRI Data for Federal Facilities
Table 10-18, TRI Other On-slte Waste Management by Agency, 1994-1996: Federal Facilities
Agency
Dept. of Defense
AirForce
Army
Defense Logistics Agency
Marines
Navy
Army Corpi of Engineers
Dcpt. of Agriculture
Dcpt, of Energy
Dcpt, of Health and Human Services
Dept of Interior
DcptofJustfce
Dcpt. of Transportation
Dcpi.ofTrwijwy
Dcpl. of Veterans Affairs
Year
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
9fi
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
Energy
Recycled Recovery
On-site On-site
Pounds Pounds
11,376,022
34,709,104
1,182,837
61,738
117,680
281,873
10,106,900
34,097,968
230,686
1,184,803
436,000
532,560
0
9,224
85,538
22,581
48,232
52,180
0
0
0
0
0
No reports received
362,585
307,661
104,137
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
No reports received
0
No reports received
7,700
13,084
633,190
0
84
0
7,700
13,000
17,000
0
0
0
0
0
128,100
0
0
488,090
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Treated
On-site
Pounds
8,891,254
12,175,092
2,071,494
229,962
240,075
933,958
8,483,690
11,714,032
672,812
0
0
46,563
0
406
8,527
177,602
220,579
409,634
1,575
350
1,450
57,600
46,300
208,427
226,374
302,934
43,000
44,668
11,000
0
0
4,430
0
0
0
0
0
0
120
2330
2,205
0
Total Other
On-site Waste
Management
Pounds
20,274,976
46,897,280
3,887,521
291,700
357,839
1,215,831
18,598,290
45,825,000
920,498
1,184,803
436,000
579,123
0
9,630
222,165
200,183
268,811
949,904
1,575
350
1,450
57,600
46,300
571,012
534,035
407,071
43,000
44,668
11,000
0
0
4,430
0
0
0
0
0
0
120
2,330
2,205
0
Note; Docs not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1995, and ammonia, hydMohlorie acid, and sulflirie acid Data from Section 8 ofFonm R. See corrected
tutu In Box 10-3.
404
-------
Chapter 10— TRI Data for Federal Facilities
Table 10-18. TRI Other On-site Waste Management by Agency, 1994-1996: Federal Facilities, Continued
Agency
Environmental Protection Agency
National Aeronautics and Space Admin
National Secunty Agency
Tennessee Valley Authority
US Enrichment Corporation
Total for Federal Facilities
Year
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
96
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
0
0
0
429,110
626,351
707,690
Ho reports received
No reports received
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
12,167,717
35,643,116
1,995,164
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7,700
13,084
633,190
Treated
On-site
Pounds
0
0
0
78
70
712
12,500
52,500
62,576
35,000
58,400
8,700
- 62,800
9,312,954
12,566,460
2,504,525
Total Other
On-site Waste
Management
Pounds
0
0
0
429,188
626,421
708,402
12,500
52,500
62,576
35,000
58,400
8,700
62,800
21,488,371
48,222,660
5,132,879
Note: Does not include detated chemicals, chemicals added in 1995, and ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfurio acid Data form Section 8 of Form R, See corrected
data in Box 10-3,
table, taking into account the effect of an error in
reporting for quantities recycled on-site in 1994
and 1995 and treated on-site in 1994. The
following discussion is based on the information
shown in Box 10-3. Total production-related waste
decreased from 65.5 million pounds to 46.1 million
pounds in this period, a decrease of 29.6%. As
noted above, on-site waste management showed a
decrease, from 34.3 million pounds to 21.5 million
pounds, or 37.4%. Federal facilities' reporting of
off-site waste management decreased from 20.7
million pounds to 19.4 million pounds, or 6.4%.
Quantities released on- and off-site decreased by
half (50.0%), from 10.4 million pounds to 5.2
million pounds.
f&
Facilities with Large Increases and
Decreases in Waste Management, 1994-1996
The U.S. Defense Logistics Agency in Richmond,
Virginia, reported increases for four CFCs and
Halons in on-site recycling as part of its on-going
operations as the Federal reserve for ozone-
depleting substances, described above for the 1995-
to-1996 increases. On-site recycling for the four
was 533,000 pounds in 1994, 436,000 pounds in
1995, and 1.2 million pounds in 1996, an increase
of 652,000 pounds from 1994 to 1996. The facility
with the second largest increase was the U.S. Mint
in Denver, Colorado, with increases in off-site
recycling of copper from 7.3 million pounds in
1994 to 7.7 million pounds in 1996. However, as
described above, this is a decrease from the 1995
amount of 8.7 million pounds. The facility with the
third largest increase was the U.S. Mint in
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, which reported 3.5
million pounds of copper recycled off-site in both
1994 and 1995 and 3.8 million pounds in 1996, an
increase of 300,000 pounds, also described above.
The facility with the largest decrease in waste from
1994 to 1995 was the Tinker Air Force Base in
Oklahoma, with decreases in diehloromethane of
quantities released on- and off-site of 485,000
pounds, from 863,000 pounds in 1994 to 378,000
pounds in 1996. This facility accounts for the
405
-------
Chapter 10— TRI Data for Federal Facilities
Table 10-19. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, by Agency, 1994-1996: Federal Facilities
Agt«y
Dcpt of DC feme
Air Fore*
Aravy
Defense Logistics Agency
Marine*
N»vy
Atwy Corps of Engineer*
Dept, of Agriculture
Dcp» ofEnetgy
DejH, of Hc.ilili and Human Services
DepUoflnierter
D«pt of Jwttec
D*|H. of Transportation
Dept. of Treasury
0cpt of Veterans Affaire
EmmwMnetWi! Piweetian Agency
Yew
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
4,558,899
5,885,549
5,493,409
144,667
500,774
285,896
3,855,274
3,376,650
4,847,318
0
0
0
95,622
276,165
62,073
463,33«
1,731,960
298,122
0
0
0
0
0
No reports received
7,282
59,735
25,700
0
54,509
25,401
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
13,742,428
14,603,963
12,693,820
No reports received
0
No reports received
0
0
0
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
295,346
401,482
582,593
70,479
125,177
225,789
65,314
103,874
177,510
0
0
7,100
105,415
36,800
98,500
54,138
135,631
73,694
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,517
3,554
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
566,407
871,491
1,681,620
129,132
147,464
265,695
293,964
560,458
1,002,843
0
2,287
8,630
85,934
75,251
99,881
57,377
86,031
304,571
0
0
0
0
0
2,069
7,020
26,853
0
603
19,460
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
282
998
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
Transfers
toPOTWs
Pounds
24,346
20,557
185,996
596
1,311
116,267
1,967
1,621
2,123
0
0
0
265
525
61,534
21,518
17,100
6,072
180
325
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
34,415
0
0
4,500
0
0
0
0
0
0
775
540
6,980
91,000
0
0
0
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
1,450
0
0
1,450
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total Transfers
Off-site for
Further Waste
Management
Pounds
5,444,998
7,179,079
7,945,068
344,874
774,726
895,097
4,216,519
4,042,603
6,029,794
0
2,287
15,730
287,236
388,741
321,988
596,369
1,970,722
682,459
180
325
0
0
0
9,351
66,755
52,563
0
55,112
79,276
0
0
4,500
0
0
0
0
1,799
4,802
13,743,208
14,604,503
12,700,800
91,000
0
0
0
Note: Docs not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1995, and ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfunc acid Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Munigtm en t from Section 6 (excluding transfers off-site to disposal) ofFonn R, Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a vahd waste management code.
406
-------
Chapter 10— TRI Data for Federal Faculties
Table 10-19. TRI Transfers Off-site for Further Waste Management, by Agency, 1994-1996: Federal Facilities
Agency
National Aeronautics and Space Admin
National Security Agency
Tennessee Valley Authority
US Enrichment Corporation
Total for Federal Facilities
Year
96
95
94
96
95
94
96
95
94
*96
95
94
96
95
94
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
215,930
31,669
57,984
No reports received
No reports received
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
18,524,539
20,635,425
18,296,314
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
8,755
16,413
11,584
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
304,101
419,412
597,73!
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
21,435
12,075
13,808
38
0
0
27,066
0
0
0
589,916
891,471
1,769,843
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
1
0
250
0
12,226
0
0
0
0
0
37,528
112,422
232,151
Other
Off-site
Transfers
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,700
Total Transfers
Off-site for
Further Waste
Management
Pounds
246,121
60,157
83,626
38
12,226
0
27,0fi6
0
0
0
19,456,084
22,058,730
20,897,739
Note: Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1995, and ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfiuic acid. Transfers Off-site for Further Waste
Management from Section6(excludingtransfersofiF-srteto disposal) ofFormR. OtherOff-site Transfers aretransfers reported withouta valid wastemanagement code
Table 10-20. TRI Waste Management Data, 1994-1996: Federal Facilities
Waste Management Activity
On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Total On-site Waste Management
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-site
Total Off-site Waste Management
Quantity Released On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
Non- Production-related Waste
Waste Management Activity
On-site Waste Management
Recycled On-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Treated On-site
Total On-site Waste Management
Off-site Waste Management
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated Off-site
Total Off-site Waste Management
Quantity Released On- and Off-site
Total Production-related Waste
Non- Production-related Waste
1994
Pounds
1,995,164
633,190
2,504,525
5,132,879
18,051,026
558,744
2,102,577
20,712,347
10,447,206
36,292,432
307,616
Change
1994-1995
Percent
1,6865
-97.9
401.8
8395
140
-15.6
-543
6.3
-28.2
1142
^t33
1995
Pounds
35,643,116
13,084
12,566,460
48,222,660
20,580,092
471,708
961,194
22,012,994
7,498,520
77,734,174
174,295
Change
1995-1996
Percent
-659
-41.1
-25.9
-55.4
-103
-267
-380
-11.9
-30.3
-40.7
-382
1996
Pounds
12,167,717
7,700
9312,954
21,488^71
18,454,324
345,574
595,560
19,395,458
5,228,467
46,112,296
107,685
Change
1994-1996
Percent
5099
-98.8
2718
3186
2.2
-38.2
-717
-6.4
-500
27.1
-65.0
Note: Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1995, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid Data ftom Section 8 of Form R (Current Year,
Column B) of year indicated See corrected data in Box 10-3.
407
-------
Chapter 10 — TRI Data for Federal Facilities
largest decreases in total releases for both 1994 to
1996 and 1995 to 1996, as described above. The
facility attributes the reductions to process and
equipment changes implemented as a result of its
source reduction program. The U.S. Army Lake
City Ammunition Plant in Independence, Missouri,
reported the second largest decreases, with 2.3
million pounds of copper recycled off-site in 1994
and 1.6 million pounds in 1996, a decrease of
620,000 pounds. The facility reporting the third
largest decreases in waste was the U.S. Army
Arsenal in Pine Bluff, Arkansas, with 351,000
pounds of both hexachloroethane and zinc
compounds released on and off-site in 1994 and 50
pounds of each in 1996. This decrease occurred
from 1995 to 1996, as described above.
Facilities Contacted For Explanations
(alphabetical by facility):
U.S. Air Force, Elmendorf Air Force Base, Alaska:
Cheryl Paige, March 23,1998 (explanation provided)
U.S. Air Force Plant, Marietta, Georgia: Rochelle
Routman, April 16,1998 (explanation provided)
U.S. Air Force, Robins Air Force Base, Georgia:
Andrew Porth (Department of Defense), April 16,
199S (explanation provided)
U.S. Air Force, Tinker Air Force Base, Oklahoma:
Anne Schaefer, March 25,1998 (explanation
provided)
U.S. Army Arsenal, Pine Bluff, Arkansas (could not
be reached for comment)
U.S. Army Ammunition Plant, Radford, Virginia:
Shelley Barker, April 15,1998 (explanation provided)
U.S. Army, Lake City Ammunition Plant,
Independence, Missouri (could not be reached for
comment)
U.S. Defense Logistics Agency, Richmond, Virginia:
Adrianne Moore and Ron Sibley, April 15,1998
(explanation provided)
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural
Research Service, Clay Center, Nebraska: Glen
Becker, March 24,1998 (explanation provided)
U.S. Department of Energy Naval Petroleum Reserves
of CaEfornia, Tupman, California: Gary Walker, April
15,1998 (explanation provided)
U.S. Mint, Denver, Colorado: Gail Fallon, April 20,
1998 (explanation provided)
U.S. Mint, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (could not be
reached for comment)
U.S. Navy, Philadelphia Naval Shipyard,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Mark Donate, April 20,
1998
U.S. Navy, San Diego Naval Station, San Diego,
California (no explanation provided)
408
-------
APPENDIX A
EPA REGIONAL OFFICE
AND STATE TRI CONTACTS
EPA REGIONAL SECTION 313
COORDINATORS
USEPA Region I
Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts,
New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont
Dwight Peavey (SPT)
Assistance and Pollution Prevention Office
JFK Federal Bldg.
Boston, MA 02203
(617) 565-3230
Fax (617) 565-4939
Email: peavey.dwigbt@epamail.epa.gov
USEPA Region II
New Jersey, New York, Puerto Rico,
Virgin Islands
Nora Lopez (MS-105)
Pesticides and Toxics Branch
2890 WoodbridgeAve., Bldg. 10
Edison, NJ 08837-3679
(732) 906-6890
Fax (732) 321-6788
Email: lopez.nora@epamail.epa,gov
USEPA Region III
Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland,
Pennsylvania, Virpnia, West Virginia
BillReilly(3WC33)
Toxics Program and Enforcement Branch
1650 Arch St.
Philadelphia, PA 19103-2029
(215) 814-2072
Fax (215) 814-2134
Email: redEy,williarn@epamail.epagov
USEPA Region IV
Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky,
Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina,
Tennessee
Ezequiel Velez
EPCRA Information Center
Atlanta Federal Center
61ForsythSt.,S.W.
Atlanta, GA 30303
(404) 562-9191
Fax (404) 562-9163
Email: vete.esquiel@epamail.epa.gov
A-1
-------
Appendix A-
I
• EPA Regional Office and State TRI Contacts
QSEPA Region V
Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio,
Wisconsin
Thelma Codina (DT-8 J)
Pesticides and Toxics Branch
77 W.Jackson Blvd.
Chicago, IL 60604
(312) 886-6219
Fax (312) 353-4788
Email: codina,melma@epamail.epagov
USEPA Region VI
Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma,
Texas
E. Warren W. Layne, Ph.D.
TRI Coordinator (6PDT)
Pesticides and Toxic Substances Branch
1445 Ross Ave., Suite 1200
Dallas, TX 75202-2733
(214) 665-8013
Fax (214) 665-6762
Email: layne.wanen@epamail.epa.gov
USEPA Region VII
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska
James Hirtz
Toxic Substances Prevention and Planning Branch
US EPA
726 Minnesota Ave.
Kansas City, KS 66101
(913) 551-7646
Fax(913)551-7065
Email: hirtz.james@epamail.epa.gov
USEPA Region VIII
Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, South
Dakota, Utah, Wyoming
JackSalter(8P2-TX)
Toxic Substance Branch
99918th St., Suite 500
Denver, CO 80202
(303)312-6026
Fax (303) 312-6044"
Email: salter.jack@epamail.epa.gov
USEPA Region IX
Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada,
American Samoa, Guam, Northern Marianas
Adam Browning (CMD-4-2)
Pesticides and Toxics Branch
75 Hawthorne St.
San Francisco, CA 94105
(415)744-1121
Fax (415) 744-1073
Email: brownmg.adam@epamail.epa.gov
USEPA Region X
Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, Washington
Christina Colt
Office of Waste and Chemicals Management
Solid Waste and Toxics Unit
1200 Sixth Ave. (WCM-128)
Seattle, WA 98101
(206) 553-4016
Fax (206) 553-8509
Email: coltchristina@epamail.epagov
A-2
-------
Appendix A — EPA Regional Office and State TRI Contacts
I
STATE TRI PUBLIC CONTACTS
Alabama
Kirk Chandler
Alabama Emergency Response Commission
AlabamaDepartment of Environmental Management
1751 Congressman W.L. Dickinson Dr.
P.O. Box 301463
Montgomery, AL 36130-1463
(334)260-2717
Fax (334) 272-8131
Email: kfc@adem,state.al.us
Alaska
Camille Stephens
Department of Environmental Conservation
Government Preparedness and Response Program
410 WilloughbyAve,, Suite 105
Juneau,AK 99801-1795
(907) 465-5220
Fax (907) 465-5244
Email: cstephen@envirocon.state.ak.us
American Samoa
TogipaTausaga, Director
American Samoa Environmental Protection Agency
Office of the Governor
(684) 633-2304
Fax (684) 633-5801 '
c/o Carl Goldstein (CMD-5)
U.S.EPARegionIX
75 Hawthorne St.
San Francisco, CA 94105
(415) 744-2170
Fax (415) 744-1604
Arizona
Daniel Roe, Executive Director
Arizona Emergency Response Commission
5636 East McDowell Rd.
Phoenix, AZ 85008
(602)231-6346
Fax (602) 392-7519
Email: roed@dem.state.az.us
Arkansas
John Ward
Arkansas Department of Pollution Control and
Ecology
P.O. Box 8913
8001 National Dr.
LMe Rock, AR 72209-8913
(501) 682-0913
Fax (501) 682-0798
California
Steve Hanna
Office ofEnvironmental Information Management
Department of Toxic Substances Control
400 P St., 4th Floor
P.O. Box 806
Sacramento, CA 95812-0806
(916) 324-9924
Fax(916)324-1788
Email: shanna@hwl.eahwnet.gov
Colorado
Tamera Van Horn
Colorado Emergency Planning Commission
Colorado Department of Public Health and
Environment
4300 Cherry Creek Dr. South
Denver, CO 80222-1530
(303) 692-3017
Fax (303) 782-4969
Email: tamera.vanhorn@state.co.us
Connecticut
Joseph Pulaski
SERC Administrator
Department ofEnvironmental Protection
Bureau of Waste Management
79 Elm St.
Hartford, CT 06106-5127
(860) 424-3373
Fax (860) 424-4059
Email: joseph.pulaski@po.state.ct.us
A-3
-------
Appendix A
I
EPA Regional Office and State TRI Contacts
Delaware
David Fees
Division of Air and Waste Management
Department ofNatural Resources and Environmental
Control
1 56 S. State St.
Dover, DE 19901
(302) 739-4791
Fax (302) 739-3 106
Email: dfees@dnrec.state.de.us
District of Columbia
MichelePeniek
SARATMeffl
Office of Emergency Preparedness
FrankReeves Center for Municipal Affairs
2000 14th St., Northwest, 8th Floor
Washington, DC 20009
(202) 673-2101, Ext. 3 159
Fax (202) 673-2290
Sam Brackett
State Emergency Response Commission
Attn: Sam Brackett
2555 Shumard Oak Blvd.
Tallahassee, FL 32399-2100
(850)413-9970
(800) 635-7179 (inFlorida)
Fax (850) 488-1739
Email: sam.brackett@dca.state.fl.us
.Georgia
Dr. Albert K. Langley
Environmental Protection Division
Emergency Response Program/SARA Title III
Department ofNatural Resources
7 Martin Luther King, Jr. Dr., Rm. 139
Atlanta, OA 30334
(404) 656-6905
Fax (404) 657-7893
Email: albertjangley@mail.dnr.ga.us
Guam
Jesus Salas, Administrator
Guam Environmental Protection Agency
P.O. Box 22439, OMF
Barrigada, Guam 96921
International Number (671) 475-1658
Fax (671) 477-9402
Hawaii
Marsha Graf, TRI Coordinator
Hawaii State Emergency Response Commission
Hawaii Department of Health
919 Ala Moana Blvd. 3rd Floor, Room 206
Honolulu, HI 96814
(808) 586-4249
Fax (808) 586-7537
Email: heer@eha.health.state.hl.us
Idaho
Bill Bishop, Director, Hazardous Materials
Bureau of Hazardous Materials
Go wen Field
4040 Guard St., Bldg. 600
Boise, ID 83705-5004
(208) 334-3263
Fax (208) 334-3267
Email: bbishop@dbs.state.id.us
Illinois
Joe Goodner
Office of Chemical Safety
Illinois Environmental Protection Agency
P.O. Box 19276
1021N. Grand Ave. East
Springfield, IL 62702
(217) 785-0830
Fax (217) 782-1431
Email: epa8538@epa.state.il.us
A-4
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Appendix A — EPA Regional Office and State TRI Contacts
I
Indiana
Hairy Davis, Paula Smith
Indiana Department of Environmental Management
Office of Pollution Prevention and Technical
Assistance
100 N. Senate Ave.
P.O. Box 6015
ISTA Building, Suite #703
Indianapolis, IN 46206-6015
(use both addresses on all mail)
(317)232-8172
Fax (317) 233-5627
Email: hdavis@dem.state.in.us
psmith@dem.state.in.us
Iowa
CatherineFfeimmons
Bureau. Chief of Air Quality
Department ofNatural Resources
7900 ffickman Rd., Suite I
UrbandalesIA 50322
(515)281-8034
Fax (515) 281-5094
Email: craffen@max.state.ia.us
Kansas
Scott Bangert
Kansas Emergency Response Commission
Forbes Field Bldg. 283
Topeka, KS 66620
(785) 296-1689
Fax (785) 296-1545
Kentucky
Alex Barber
Kentucky Department for Environmental Protection
14 Rally Rd.
Frankfort, KY 40601-1132
(502) 564-2150
Fax (502) 564-4245
Email: barber@nrdep.nr.ky.state.us
Louisiana
Linda Brown
Department ofEnvironrnental Quality
Office of the Secretary
P.O. Box 82263
7290BluebormetDr.
Baton Rouge, LA 70884-2263
(504) 765-0737
Fax (504) 765-0742
Email: Mndab@deq.state.laus
Maine
RaynaLeibowitz
State Emergency Response Commission
72 State House Station
Augusta, ME 04333-0072
(207) 287-4080
Fax (207) 287-4079
Email: rayna.b.leibowitz@ste.tejne.us
Maryland
Patricia Williams
SARA Title HI Reporting
Maryland Department of the Environment
Technical and Regulatory Services Administration
Community Right-to-Know Section
2500 Broening Hwy.
Baltimore, MD 21224
(410)631-3800
Fax (410) 631-3873
Massachusetts
William T.Panos
Massachusetts Department ofEnvironrnental
Protection
Bureau of Waste Prevention
1 Winter St.
Boston, MA 02108
(617) 574-6820
Fax (617) 292-5858
Email: wpanos@state.ma.us
A-5
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»«««*•«
Appendix A — EPA Regional Office and State TRI Contacts
I
Michigan
Robert Jackson
State Emergency Planning and Community Right-
to-Know Coordinator
Michigan Department of Environmental Quality
Environmental Assistance Division
P.O. Box 30457
Lansing, MI 48909-7957
(517)373-8481
Fax (517) 335-4729
Email: JACKSORC@state.mi.us
Minnesota
Steve Tomlyanovich
Minnesota Emergency Response Commission
B5 State Capitol Bldg.
75 Constitution Ave.
St. Paul, MN 55155
(612) 282-5396
Fax (612) 296-0459
Email: steve.tomlyanovich@state.mn.us
Mississippi
John David Bums
Mississippi Emergency Response Commission
Mississippi Emergency Management Agency
P.O. Box 4501
Jackson, MS 39296-4501
(601) 960-9000
Fax (601) 352-8314
Missouri
Gene Nickel
Technical Assistance Program
Department of Natural Resources
P.O. Box 176
Jefferson City, MO 65102
(573) 526-6627
Fax (573) 526-5808
Montana
Tom Ellerhoff
Montana Emergency Response Commission
DEQ
Metcalf Building
1520 East 6th Ave.
P.O. Box 200901
Helena, MT 59620-0901
(406) 444-2544
Fax (406) 444-4386
Email: 1
Navajo Nation
Phoebe Yazzie
Department of Emergency Management
P.O. Box 2908
Window Rock, AZ 86515
(520) 871-6892
Fax (520) 871-7261
Nebraska
MikeMallory
State of Nebraska Department of Environmental
Quality
P.O. Box 98922
1200 North St., Suite 400
Lincoln, NE 68509-8922
(402)471-4251
Fax (402) 471-2909
Email: DEQ055@mail.deq.state.ne.us
Nevada
AleneCoulson
Nevada Division of Environmental Protection
333 West Nye Lane, Room 138
Carson City, NV 89706-0851
(702) 687-4670, Ext. 3006
Fax (702) 687-6396
A-6
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C TW
I Oate Release
Appendix A — EPA Regional Office and State TRI Contacts
I
P^SS5~I
New Hampshire
Leland Kimball
New Hampshire Office of Emergency
Management
Title ffl Program
State Office Park South
107 Pleasant St.
Concord, NH 03301-3809
(603)271-2231
Fax (603) 225-7341
Email: leek@nhoem.state.nh.us
New Jersey
Andrew Opperman
Department ofEnvironmental Protection
Division ofWaste, Compliance and Enforcement and
Release Prevention
SARA Title ffl Section313
Bureau of Chemical Release Information &
Prevention
22 S. Clinton Ave., 3rd Floor
Trenton, NJ 08625
(609) 984-3219
Fax (609) 633-7031
Email: aopperman@dep.state.nj.us
New Mexico
Max Johnson
New Mexico Emergency Response Commission
Chemical Safety Office
Emergency Management Bureau
P.O. Box 1628
Santa Fe, NM 87504-1628
(505) 476-9620
Fax (505) 476-9695
Email: MJohnson@DPS.state.nm.us
New York
Sitansu Ghosh
New York Emergency Response Commission
State Department ofEnvironmental Conservation
Pollution Prevention Unit
50 Wolf Rd., Room 298
Albany, NY 12233-8010
(518)457-2553
Fax (518) 457-2570
Email: sbghosh@gw.dc.state.ny.us
North Carolina
Esther Castaldo
North Carolina Emergency Response Commission
North Carolina Division of Emergency Management
116 West Jones St.
Raleigh, NC 27603-1335
(919) 733-3865
Fax (919) 733-5336
Email: ecastaldo@dem.dcc.state.nc.us
North Dakota
Robert W. Johnston
North Dakota State Division of Emergency
Management
P.O. Box 5511
Fraine Barracks, Bldg. 40
Bismarck, ND 58506-5511
(701)328-2111
Fax (701) 328-2119
Email: msmail.bobj@ranch.state,nd.us
Commonwealth of the
Northern Mariana Islands
Ignacio Cabrera
Division ofEnvironmental Quality
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands
CNMI
P.O. Box 1304
Saipan, MP 96950
(670) 234-6984
Fax (670) 234-1003
A-7
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Appendix A-
I
• EPA Regional Office and State TRI Contacts
Ohio
Cindy DeWulf
Division of Air Pollution Control
P.O. Box 1049
1800 Watermark Dr.
Columbus, OH 43215-1099
(614) 644-3606
Fax (614) 644-3681
Email: emdy.dewutf@qmsMe.okus
Oklahoma
Monty Elder
Department ofEnvironmental Quality
Ride Communication
lOQQNortheastTenthSt.
Oklahoma City, OK 73117-1212
(405) 271-1400, Ext 192
Fax (405) 271-1317
Email: monty.elder@leqmail.state.ok.us
Oregon
Bob Albers, Manager
Hazardous Materials Service
Office of State Fire Marshal
Oregon Emergency Response Commission
4760 Portland Rd., Northeast
Salem, OR 97305-1760
(503) 378-3473, Ext 262
Fax (503) 373-1825
Email: Bob.ALBERS@state.or.us
Pennsylvania
Thomas J. Ward, Jr.
PENNSAFE
Room 1503, Labor and Industry Bldg.
7thandForsterSts.
Harrisburg, PA 17120
(717)783-2071
Fax (717) 783-5099
Puerto Rico
Genaro Torres
Director of Superfund and Emergencies Response
Area
Title III-SARA Section 313
Environmental Quality Board
Fernandez Junco Station
P.O. Box 11488
San Juan, PR 00910
(787) 766-2823
Fax (787) 766-0150
Rhode Island
Karen Slattery
Department ofEnvironmental Management
Division of Air Resources
Attention: Toxics Release Inventory
235 Promenade St.
Providence, RI02908-5767
(401) 222-2808, Ext 7030
Fax (401) 222-2017
Email: kslatter@dena.state.ri.us
South Carolina
Michael Juras
Community Right-to-Know
South Carolina Department of Health and
Environmental Control
2600 Bull St.
Columbia, SC 29201
(803) 734-7236
Fax (803) 734-4556
Email: jurasms@columb31 .dhec.state.sc.us
SouthDakota
Lee Ann Smith
South Dakota Emergency Response Commission
Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Joe Foss Bldg.
523 East Capitol
Pierre, SD 57501-3181
(605) 773-3296
Fax (605) 773-6035
Email: leeanns@denr.state.sd.us
A-8
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Appendix A — EPA Regional Office and State TRI Contacts
1
Tennessee
Betty Eaves
Tennessee Emergency Response Council
Tennessee Emergency Management Agency
3041SidcoDr.
Nashville,TN 37204
(615) 741-2986
Fax (615) 242-9635
Texas
Becky Kurka, Supervisor
Office of Pollution Prevention and Recycling
Natural Resources Conservation Commission
P.O. Box 13087 (MC-112)
Austin, TX 78711-3087
(512)239-3147
Fax (512) 239-3165
Email: bkurka@tnrcc,state.tx.us
Utah
Neil Taylor
Division of Environmental Response and Remediation
168 North 1950 West
Salt Lake City, UT 84116-4840
(801) 536-4102
Fax (801) 536-4242
Email: ntaylor@deq.state.utus
Vermont
Paul Van Hollebeke
Vermont DepaittnentofEnvironmentel Conservation
Environmental Assistance Division
103 South Main St.
Waterbury, VT 05671-0411
(802) 241-3629
Fax (802) 241-3273
Email: paulv@dee.anr.state.vt.us
Virgin Islands
Austin Moorehead
Department of Planning and Natural Resources
Division ofEnvironmental Protection
1118 Waterguthomes
Christianshead, St. Croix 00820-5065
(340) 773-0565 (St. Croix)
Fax (340) 692-9794 (St. Croix)
(340) 774-3320 (St. Thomas)
Fax (340) 774-5416 (St. Thomas)
Virginia
PaulSpaulding
Virginia Emergency Response Council
Virginia Department of Environmental Quality
5th Floor
P.O. Box 10009
Richmond, VA 23240-0009
(804) 698-4489
Fax (804) 698-4277
Email: pspaulding@deq.state.vaus
Washington
IdeUHansen
Department of Ecology
Community Right-to-Know Unit
P.O. Box 47659 , .
Olympia, WA 98504-7659
(360) 407-6727 or (800) 633-7585
Fax (360) 407-6715
Email: ihan461@ecy .wa.gov
West Virginia
Carl L.Bradford
West Virginia Emergency Response Commission
West Virginia Office of Emergency Services
Main Capitol Bldg. 1, Room EB-80
Charleston, WV 25305-0360
(304) 558-5380
Fax (304) 344-4538
-------
Appendix A — EPA Regional Office and State TRI Contacts
1
Wisconsin Wyoming
Wes Taylor (Mailcode SS/16) Bob Bezek
SARA Section 313 Coordinator Executive Secretary of the State Emergency
Department ofNatural Resources Regulatory Commission
101 South Webster Wyoming Emergency Response Commission
P.O. Box 7921 5500 Bishop Blvd.
Madison, WI53707 Cheyenne, WY 82009-3320
(608) 264-6043 (307) 777-4900
Fax (608) 267-5231 Fax (307) 635-6017
Email; taylow@dnr.state.wi.us Email: heUerj@wy-iso.army.mil
A-10
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APPENDIX B
PUBLIC ACCESS TO THE TOXICS RELEASE
INVENTORY AND RELATED INFORMATION
According to many, the TRI program is one of the
most effective environmental programs ever
legislated by Congress and administered by EPA.
Its success is due, in large part, to the
right-to-know provisions contained in the
legislation itself. By requiring that the resulting
data be made publicly available by electronic and
other means. Congress ensures that citizens, the
media, environmental advocates, researchers, the
business community, and others can influence and
evaluate industry's efforts to reduce toxics
emissions.
Every year, EPA enhances its databases to make
the received easier to search and expands its
outreach activities to include new potential users
of the data. To do this, the EPA identifies and
engages the assistance of organizations to help
promote TRI awareness, provide access, and
increase usage. Journalists, national and local
public interest and environmental groups, and
state governments continue to be key outreach
participants. Libraries in communities all across
the U.S., in particular, members of the Federal
Depository Library Program, are committed to
providing public access to TRI data in a variety of
formats. Because the value of TRI increases as
more people use it, EPA encourages these
organizations to acquaint new with TRI,
help people who already know about TRI to better
use and understand the data, and, whenever
possible, to provide feedback on how to improve
TRI products and services.
Many different options are available for accessing
TRI, and more are added every year. EPA offers
the data in a variety of common computer and
hard copy formats to ensure that everyone
easily use the information. TRI is available on
diskette, CD-ROM, and computer bulletin boards.
It is also available through several on-line national
computer databases, and more and more TRI
information is being added to the Internet. TRI
reports are available from state government
offices as well as from EPA. You can contact your
EPCRA Coordinator or you can call your
EPA Regional TRI Coordinator for assistance.
(See listing of Regional coordinators and state
EPCRA contacts in Appendix A.) Many other
avenues for accessing TRI are described in the
following pages.
TRI has proven to be a rich source of data for a
broad public audience. For instance, educators are
using the data to conduct studies and courses on
the environment; labor unions are using the TRI
date to improve conditions for workers; and
businesses are using the data in many ways - as a
basis for reducing large stocks of toxic chemicals,
to cut costs, to improve operations, to reduce the
use of toxic chemicals, and for a variety of other
reasons. Concerned citizens are a growing user
B-1
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TM
r
Appendix B —Public Access to the Toxics Release Inventory and Related Information
I
group. These individuals, on their own and
through organized groups, are using TRJ to raise
and answer questions about chemical releases in
their communities. States use the national data to
compare releases within industries.
Avenues of public access to TRI will continue to
grow, and TRJ will continue to be an important
first step for discovering which chemicals are
being manufactured, released, or transferred in
communities across the country. The diversity of
the groups across the country who use TRI will
also increase as will the varied uses of the data.
TRI will increasingly become the data source used
to positively influence the views of companies,
legislators, and the public regarding the overall
conditions of the nation's environment.
ACCESSING TOXICS RELEASE
INVENTORY (TRI) PRODUCTS AND
SERVICES
Accessing TRI data is easy. It is available in a
wide variety of computer and hardcopy formats to
meet most user's needs. Through outreach
activities, EPA identifies organizations in the
toxics community to help promote awareness of
TRJ and use of its data products. TRI data is
available online, for purchase from the
Government Printing Office (GPO) or the
National Technical Information Service (NTIS),
for use in Federal Depository Libraries across the
U.S., or from the National Center for
Environmental Publications (NCEPI). In addition,
state officials also receive TRI reports from
facilities in their jurisdiction, and many states
publish reports highlighting state and local trends.
Products
TRI CD-ROM
This two-disc set contains the complete national
TRI, starting with the first inventory in 1987. It
also contains Chemical Fact Sheets that provide
reference material on the health and
environmental effects of TRI chemicals.
User-friendly software provides the capability to
search TRI data by facility, location, chemical,
SIC code, and other data fields. Other features
allow flexibility in printing standard and custom
reports, data downloading, and calculating
releases for search sets (for example5 to calculate
average air releases for all pulp and paper
manufacturers). Complete documentation
outlining the history of TRJ, how it is used, and
how to operate the software is included.
The NCEPI offers the TRI CD-ROM free of
charge to all government organizations, educators,
students, non-profit organizations, and citizen
groups. Businesses may purchase the discs from
the GPO or NTIS for about $40.
For more information, contact:
National Center for Environmental
Publications and Information (NCEPI)
P.O. Box 42419
Cincinnati, OH 45242-2419
Call: (800) 490-9198
Fax: (513) 489-8695
Hours: 7:00a.m. - 5:30 p.m. (Eastern Time)
Publication Number: EPA 749-C-97-003
U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO)
Superintendent of Documents
P.O. Box 371954
Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954
Call: (202)512-1800
Fax: (202)512-2250
Hours: 8:30 a.m. - 4:00 p.m. (Eastern Time)
Stock Number: 055-000-00582-6
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
U.S. Department of Commerce
5285 Port Royal Road
Springfield, VA 22161
Call: (800)5536847
(703) 487-4650
Fax: (703)321-8547
Email: info@ntis.fedworld.gov
Hours: 8:30 a.m. - 5:00 p.m. (Eastern Time)
Publication Number: PB97-502-587
B-2
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Appendix B —Public Access to the Toxics Release Inventory and Related Information
I
TRI State Data Files
Selected information from TRI reports submitted
to EPA is available on diskettes or the Internet in
dBASE (.dbf) format. For each state, one or more
diskettes contain the most frequently used TRI
data, such as the names,, locations, and contacts for
reporting facilities; chemical names and CAS '
numbers; aggregate releases in pounds of
chemicals released to air, land, water, and
underground injection wells; and total chemical
transfers to off-site locations and publicly-owned
treatment works. Diskettes for 1991 and later
years also contain selected pollution prevention
data. A diskette containing federal facilities
nationwide is also available for reporting year
1995. Diskettes are accompanied by user
instructions. The cost of diskettes for a single state
varies, depending oil the number of disks in the '
set The same information may be downloaded
off the Internet for free at http://www.epa.gov/
opptintr/tri/disks,htm,
To obtain diskettes, contact;
U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO)
Superintendent of Documents
P.O. Box 37082
Washington, DC 20013-7082
Call: (888) 293-6498 (toll-free)
(202) 512-1530
Fax: (202)512-1262
Hours: 7:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m. (Eastern Time)
TRI'Information Kit
The TRI Information Kit is designed to acquaint a
broad and disparate audience with the TRI. The
information kit is appropriate for those familiar or
unfamiliar with TRI. It contains a brochure,
bookmark, poster, and other explanatory
materials. It is designed to answer the "who, what,
when, why, where, and how" questions of TRI in
clear, non-jargon language. The kit provides a
broad explanation of TRI, as well as examples of
how various groups have TRI, where it can
be accessed or obtained, and organizations that
are sources for further information about TRI and
the chemicals reported. Copies are free.
To request copies, contact:
National Center for Environmental
Publications and Information (NCEP1)
P.O. Box 42419
Cincinnati, OH 45242-2419
Call: (800)490-9198
(513)489-8190
Fax: (513)489-8695
Document Number; EPA-749-K.-98-001
TRI User Support Service (TM-US)
U.S. EPA
401 M Street, SW. (MC-7407)
Washington, DC 20460
Call: (202)260-1531
Fax: (202)401-2347
Email: trius@epamail.epa.gov
Hours: 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. (Eastern Time)
Chemicals in the Environment
Issue number 6 of Chemicals in the Environment
(CIE), published in the Fall of 1997, is devoted
entirely to TRI. TMs 22 page publication contains
19 articles ranging from the history of TRI to the
future of new TRI products. Articles include
perspectives from the community, State, Federal,
and International level. The publication also
provides valuable information on training and
contacts within the EPA. CIE is available free
over the Internet (http://www,epa,gov/opptintr/
cie) or from NCEPI.
To request copies, contact:
National Center for Environmental
Publications and Information (NCEPI)
P.O. Box 42419
Cincinnati, OH 45242-2419
Call: (800)490-9198
(513) 489-8190
Fax: (513)489-8695
Document Number: EPA749-R-97-001b
B-3
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Appendix B —Public Access to the Toxics Release Inventory and Related Information
I
Public Data Release Reports
EPA assembles several detailed annual reports
providing summaries, analyses, and comparison
of TKI data by year. The reports summarize data
on total releases and transfers of TRI chemicals;
geographic distribution of TRI releases and
transfers; industrial patterns of releases and
transfers; the interstate and intrastate transport of
wastes and other kinds of analyses, A limited
number of copies are free while supplies last.
* 1996 Toxics Release Inventory; Public Data
Release
• 1996 Toxics Release Inventory: Public Data
Release State Fact Sheets
To request copies, contact:
EPCRA Hotline
Call: (800)424-9346
(703) 412-9810 (Washington Metropolitan area)
TDD: (800)553-7672
Fax: (703) 412-3333 (To request documents only)
Hours: 8:30 a.m. - 7:30 p.m. (Eastern Time)
TM User Support Service (TRI-US)
U.S. EPA
401 M Street, SW. (MC-7407)
Washington, DC 20460
Call: (202)260-1531
Fax: (202)401-2347
Email: tri.us@epamail.epa.gov
Hours: 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. (Eastern Time)
Act Locally" Preventing Pollution at the
Gommitnity Level with Resources that Control
Pesticide and Toxic Chemical Use
This is a catalogue which describes tools,
resources, and programs of the Office of
Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances
(OPPTS). It lists information about OPPTS'
extensive base of information on the
characteristics and effects of pesticides and
industrial chemicals. These "tools" include
databases; computer programs for chemical
screening; funding resources; access to
information hotlines; and descriptions of
programs and initiatives that may be useful in
protecting local environments.
Act Locally describes activities developed by
OPPTS that are compatible with the Agency's
community-based environmental protection
(CBEP) goals and initiatives. In addition, it
describes some of the products that OPPTS
developed that are useful tools for supporting
CBEP activities in large and small communities.
These tools can help communities learn about
potential chemical risks, and can be used to
develop strategies to mitigate those risks and help
improve the local environment.
The catalogue is available as a resource on the
Internet at (http://www.epa.gov/opptlntr/
actlocal) and can be viewed, printed, or
downloaded. The online site also has hyperlinks
to other OPPTS and related resources. A
published version of Act Locally is expected by
late summer 1998.
For more information, contact:
Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic
Substances
Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics
Environmental Assistance Division (MC-7408)
Community-Based Programs Branch
Joseph Schechter, Senior Environmental
Protection Specialist
Call: (202)260-1540
Risk Screening Guide
The "Toxic Chemical Release Inventory Risk
Screening Guide" describes a method for
evaluating TRI data for environmental managers
and provides a structured way for citizens to look
at TRI data from a human health perspective.
(Vol. 1 - The Process and Vol. 2 Appendices, July
1989. EPA Document Number: 560/2-89-002.)
B-4
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Appendix B —Public Assess to the Toxics Release Inventory and Related Information
\
To order, contact:
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
U.S. Department of Commerce
5285 Port Royal Road
Springfield, VA 22161
Call: (800)553-6847
(703) 487-4650 »
Fax: (703)321-8547
Email: info@ntis.fedworld.goY
Hours: 8:30 a,m. - 5:00 p.m. (Eastern Time)
Publication Number: PB90-122-128
Cost: $61.50
Chemical Fact Sheets
OPPT is continuing to develop Chemical Fact
Sheets as part of its effort to provide the public
with information on chemicals. The goal is to
provide information summaries that supplement
environmental release information for TRI
chemicals. Two types of summaries are available
for each chemical. One is a two-page document
providing a non-technical summary of chemical
information. The other is a longer, referenced
presentation of information that provides the basis
for statements included in the shorter summary.
Both summaries provide the following
information for each chemical:
* its identity and properties
• how it is used
« how exposure to it might occur
* what happens to it in the environment
• how it human health and the
environment
• what EPA offices and other groups can be
contacted for more information
Chemical Fact Sheets are now available for 40
high-production volume TRI chemicals. Another
60 are in various stages of OPPT review. Among
the chemicals for which Fact Sheets are available
are: methylene chloride (dichloromethane),
toluene, acrylonitrile, perchloroethylene, methyl
t-butyl ether, and styrene.
The Chemical Fact Sheets, their accompanying
support documents, and a list of completed fact
sheets can be found on the Internet at: (http://
www.epa.gov/chenifaet).
For more information, contact:
TSCA Assistance Information Services Hotline
C/O: Garcia Consulting
401 M St. S.W. (MC-7408)
Washington, DC 20460
Call: (202)554-1404
TDD: (202)554-0551
Fax: (202)554-5603
Assistance Services
TRI User Support Service (TRI-US)
U.S. EPA
401 M Street, SW. (MC-7407)
Washington, DC 20460
Call: (202) 260-1531
Fax: (202)401-2347
Email: tri.us@epamail.epa.gov
http://www.epa.gov/opptfntr/trl
Hours: 8:00 a.m.- 4:30 p.m. (Eastern Time)
The TRI-US Service provides general information
about the TRI and support for access to any of the
data formats. TRI specialists can help determine
the data product best suited for an individual
user's needs. The service provides a
comprehensive search assistance for the TRI
on-line and CD-ROM applications. TRI-US
provides both National Library of Medicine/
TOXNET and CD-ROM training through
individual sessions and workshops.
Documentation for all TRI products is available
from TRI-US. Copies of TRI reports are
distributed as well. This support service provides
referrals to EPA Regional and state TRI contacts
and to the libraries where TRI is available.
Referrals to TRI resources in other localities are
also available. For more information about
accessing TRI or obtaining TRI data products.,
visit us at the TRI Web site: (http://
www.epa.gov/oppttntr/tri/disks.litm).
B-5
-------
w"**!
Appendix B —Public Access to ttte Toxics Release Inventory and Related Information
EPCEA Hotline
CM!; (800)424-9346
(703) 412-9810 (Washington Metropolitan area)
Fax: (703) 412-3333 (To request documents only)
TDD: (800) 553-7672
http://wmf.epa.gov/epaoswer/liotline
Hows: 9:00 a.m. - 6:00 p.m. (Eastern Time)
The Emergency Planning and Community
Right-to-Know (BPCRA) Hotline provides
regulatory, policy, and technical assistance to the
regulated community, federal agencies, local and
state governments, the public, and other interested
parties in response to questions related to EPCRA.
The Hotline provides information on the
availability of documents related to EPCRA and
copies of selected EPCRA documents on a limited
basis. For more information about the EPCRA
Hotline, visit their Internet Web site at: (http://
www.epa.gov/epaos wer/hotiine).
Federal Depository Libraries
TRI products are distributed though the Federal
Depository Library Program, a network of 1,400
public and academic libraries located in
communities all across the U.S. While librarians
in these organizations are not specialists in TRI
information, they are often quite knowledgeable
about obtaining and using information resources
in general. Over 700 depository libraries receive
the TRI on CD-ROM. Librarians in these
institutions can assist you in searching the
database and using other features of the discs,
such as printing reports and downloading data
from the CD-ROM. More and more depository
libraries are allowing patrons to access the Internet
using public workstations located in the library.
For more information or to identify the Federal
Depository Library nearest you, contact your local
library, TRI User Support Service can also refer
you to the closest Federal Depository Library that
can provide access to TRI.
Online Services
EPA Internet Public Server
For TRI, like many other EPA programs, me
Internet is fast becoming one of the best resources
for identifying information that is available to the
public. EPA manages a full service Internet site,
offering access via the World Wide Web. The
World Wide Web server (http://www.epa.gov) is
a graphical user interface allowing access not only
to text but to as well. Using a WWW
program (or "browser," such as Netscape or
Explorer), users can access the Web site. Consult
your system administrator for specific
procedures. There is no cost for accessing the
EPA public server or using any of the information
that you find there.
The TRI home page (http://www.epa.gov/
opptiuatr/tri) offers information useful to both
novice and experienced users of the toxics
community. It provides, in lay terms, a description
of what TRI is, how it can be used, a discussion of
TRI and health issues, and much more. You can
find out about TRI products, view or download the
1996 TRI data release reports, and identify who to
contact for more information in EPA regions and
programs across the country. From the TRI
home page, you can "link" to other EPA and
non-EPA sites that allow you to search the TRI
data base online.
National library of Medicine fNLM) TOXNET
System
The National Library of Medicine (NLM)
TOXNET System TRI accessible to
concerned citizens and to businesses and
organizations interested in environmental or
public health issues. TOXNET offers
state-of-the-art, user-friendly, on-line searching.
The system features a variety of on-line user
assistance features, a flexible command language,
and "free text" search capability. Users can print
8-6
-------
Appendix B —Public Access to the Toxics Release Inventory and Related Information
specific portions of the records either on-line or
off-line, and there are a wide variety of
customized text options built into the system. The
menu-driven search package allows individuals
with limited computer skills to use the TRI on-line
database efficiently and effectively. The chemical
fact sheets can also be accessed via the TOXNET
system. On-line costs range from $ 18-$20 per
hour. An NLM password is necessary to use the
file. The system contains the complete national
TRI data for all reporting years.
TOXNET is available on the Internet. The address
for the file is toxaet@tox.nlm.nih.gov or visit
NLM's Web site at: http://www.nlm.nili.gov/
pubs/factsheets/trifs.html for more information
about accessing TRI on TOXNET.
For more information, contact:
National Library of Medicine
Specialized Information Services
TRI Representative
8600 Rockville Pike
Bethesda, MD 20894
Call: (301)496-6531
E-mail: toxmail@tox.nlm.nih.gov
Hours: 7 days/week; 24 hours/day
For more information on the EPA's Internet
server, contact the Internet support group at the
E-mail address:
internet_sttpport@unixmail.rtpnc.epa.gov.
Envirofacts
Another EPA Web site, the Envirofacts
Warehouse (http://www.epa.gov/enviro)
provides free access to five of EPA's largest
databases with Superfund data, Safe Drinking
Water information, Hazardous Waste data, Water
Discharge permits, Air Releases, and TRI
information. TRI is specifically addressed
through National Library of Medicine (NLM)
TOXNET System.
Envirofact's TRI page:
The user at http://www.epa.gov/enviro/html/
tris/tris_overview.html can read about EPA's
databases, generate reports, and produce maps
showing the location of TRI and other facilities.
Envirofacts allows the user to search the TRI
database by facility name, geographic location,
SIC Code, or chemical name and to produce
reports on the facilities and map their locations. A
variety of user specified parameters let users point
and click to customize their searches. The maps
include facility locations as well as user defined
demographic information, schools, hospitals,
roads, bodies of water, and more. Maps can be
printed out or saved in various formats including
GIF, JPG, TIP, PDF, EPS, ARC/INFO and more.
Risht-to-Know Computer Network fRTK NET)
The Right-to-Know Computer Network (RTK
NET) offers free access to TRI data from 1987
through the current reporting year, along with
health facts for each TRI chemical, searchable
through the World Wide Web, Telnet, and dial-up.
RTK NET, operated jointly by the Unison
Institute and OMB Watch, is an on-line
telecommunications link to environmental and
other databases. This service promotes pollution
prevention by putting TRI data together with other
prevention strategies. It provides communication
among individuals concerned about toxics use
reduction and seeks to increase use and analysis of
TW and related data. RTK NET links TRI with
other environmental data, civil cases brought by
the U.S. EPA, a portion of the 1990 Census data,
and a mapping program called Landview.
The TRI data can be accessed through the World
Wide Web (http://www.rtk.net), Telnet (rtk.net),
and by modem. (To access by modem, dial
202-234-8570, set computer parameters to 8,N,1,
and type "public" (no quotes) in lower case and
register for a free account.) Participants can
communicate with one another through
computer-generated mail, in addition to
exchanging and reviewing documents
electronically.
B~7
-------
TM
I
Appendix B —Public Access to the Toxics Release Inventory and Related Information
I
In addition to the TRI data, the following databases
on RTK NET may be of interest to TRI users:
« ARIP - EPA Accidental Release Information
Program.
« BRS - EPA RCRA Biennial Reporting
System.
• NPRI - Canada's TRI-like system, called the
National Pollutant Release Inventory
• Census Data by Zip Code - Linking 1990
U.S. Summary with TRJ, FINDS, and BRS.
• CERCLIS - CERCLA "Superfund"
Information System.
• CUS - EPA TSCA Inventory of chemical
production database.
* DOCKET - EPA civil litigation and
administrative actions
» ERNS - EPA Emergency Response
Notification System.
* FINDS - Identifying information and location
of all facilities regulated by EPA
• NPL - EPA Superfund National Priorities List
of Sites
« PCS- EPA Water Permit Compliance System
contains files on facilities, pipes, and pollutant
limits
• ROADMAPS- Regulatory levels and health
effects of TRJ chemicals
• RODs - EPA Records of Decision
» SETS - EPA Superfund Site Enforcement
Tracking System
* USGS - Water Use Database
B-8
Training is available from the computer service on
using telecommunications, using RTK NET, and
searching the database.
For more information, contact:
RTK NET
c/o The Unison Institute
1742 Connecticut Avenue, N.W.
Washington, DC 20009-1171
Call: (202)797-7200
Fax: (202)234-8584
Email: info@rtk.net
Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS)
The Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS)
contains summaries of health risks and EPA
regulatory information on over 500 specific
chemicals. It is a key source for descriptive and
quantitative hazard/risk information, such as oral
reference dose and inhalation reference
concentrations for chronic, noncarcinogenic
health effects; oral slope factors and unit risk for
chronic exposure to carcinogens; EPA drinking
water health advisories; and summaries of EPA
regulatory actions. The system is useful in the risk
assessment process.
For online access, contact:
National Library of Medicine
TRJ Representative
8600 Rockville Pike
Bethesda, MD 20894
Call: (301) 496-6531
Hours: 7 days/week; 24 hours/day
For diskettes, contact:
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
U.S. Department of Commerce
5285 Port Royal Road
Springfield, VA 22161
Call: (800)553-6847
(703) 487-4650
Fax: (703)321-8547
Email: info@ntis.fedworld.gov
Hours: 8:30 a.m. - 5:00 p.m. (Eastern Time)
-------
APPENDIX C
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION FOR
ASSESSING THE IMPACTS OF TRI
CHEMICALS
HAZARD DATA AVAILABILITY ON
HIGH PRODUCTION VOLUME (HPV)
TRI CHEMICALS
According to data aggregated from industry
reports submitted under the Toxic Substances
Control Act (TSCA) 1990 Inventory Update Rule,
the U.S. produces and/or imports 2,863 chemicals
(excluding polymers and inorganic chemicals) in
annual volumes over 1 million pounds. Among
these U.S. high production volume (HPV)
chemicals, 203 are on the TRI list (see Table A).
EPA has reviewed the publicly available data on
each of these HPV chemicals and has determined
that many may not have been tested to determine
the extent of their toxicity to humans or the
environment. (A number of these chemicals are
also pesticides, but this analysis did not consider
information developed under FIFRA).
International authorities agree that testing in six basic
endpoint areas comprise a minimally acceptable data
set to provide abasic understanding of a chemical's
toxicity and allow apreliminary assessment of
potential hazard/risk. These basic tests address: acute
toxicity; chronic toxicity; developmental and
reproductive toxicity; mutagenieity; ecotoxicity;
and environmental fate and comprise the
"Screening Information Data Set" (SIDS) test
battery established by the Organization for
Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)
which is used by EPA and 29 OECD member
countries around the world as a basic indicator of
potential hazard for input to initial assessment of
chemical risk.
EPA used the OECD SIDS test battery as the
yardstick for determining whether SIDS-type basic
toxiciiy information was available on each HPV
chemical, and searched over 20 publicly
accessible databases to identify which of the six
tests had been performed on which chemicals.
EPA's search found that a full set of basic toxicity
information is available for only 7% of the HPV
chemicals and that no information on basic
toxicity, i.e., either human health or
environmental toxicity, is publicly available for
43% of the 2,863 HPV chemicals produced (and/
or imported) in the U.S.
The subset of 203 HPV chemicals in the 1995 TRI
list yielded better results than for HPV chemicals
as a whole, but even me TRI chemicals showed
some significant gaps in the basic data set.
Although the full six-test SIDS battery was
available for only ~ 54% of the chemicals, all of
the TRI HPV chemicals had at least some data
available. About 20% of the TRI HPV chemicals,
C-1
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Appendix C—Additional Information for Assessing the Impacts of TRI Chemicals
Table A. Hazard Data Availability of U.S. High Production Volume TRI Chemicals1
Teratogenlcity/
Reproductive
CAS Number Chemical Name Acute Chronic Toxfcity2 Mutagenicity2
75-07-0
75-054
98-86-2
107-02-8
79-06-1
79-10-7
107-13-1
I07-1S-6
107-05-1
62-53.3
90-W-O
1912-24-9
98-87-3
7M3-2
9S-07-7
9S-S8-4
94-36-0
100-44-7
92-52-4
lll-91-l
111-44-4
5$-3S-9
353-59-3
74-83-9
75-63-8
106-99-0
141-32-2
71.36-3
71-92-2
75-6S.O
106-8S-7
123-72.8
156346-2
7S-15-0
S6.23.S
120-80-9
I15-2S.6
75-68-3
S63-47-3
79-11-8
4030-31-3
106-47-8
108-90-7
75-154
7540-3
67-66-3
74.87.3
107-30-2
126-99-8
8001-58*9
120-71-8
95-48-7
106-44-5
IOS-39-4
1319-77-3
4170-30-3
98-82-8
SO.15-9
110-82-7
108-93-0
94-75-7
2702-724
533-74-4
116349-5
117-SI-7
Aeetaldchydc
Aectonltrile
Acetophcnane
Acrolcin
Acpr'lamidc
Aoyft Held
Actylonitrile
AHyl alcohol
Ally! chloride
Aniline
o-Anisldlnc
Atrazinc
Benzol chloride
Benzene
Benzole trichloride
Benzoyl chloride
Benzoyl peroxide
Benzyl chloride
Btphenyl
Bls(2"eW0B>cUiO!
Ecotoxlcity2 Fate2 1 Million Pounds1
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»B«ed 00203 U,S.HPVTEIcliemtoalsfon»1990IURUpateandl995-m reporting
* For (cratoscnicily/r^roductivctoxfcily, mufagenicity, eeotoxocity, and environmental fate, test date were considered available if any studies relevant to the endpoint were
located; completing the S1DS set for these endpoints requires multiple studies-
'Tottl on-silcand oflf-siterelcases equals total of on-sitereleasesand transfers to disposal
C-2
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Appendix C—Additional Information for Assessing the Impacts of TRI Chemicals
Table A. Hazard Data Availability of U.S. High Production Volume TRI Chemicals1, Continued
CAS Number
101-80-4
95-80-7
25376-45-8
106-93-4
84-74-2
99-30-9
306-83-2
764-41-0
110-57-6
95-50-1
106-46-7
541-73-1
612-83-9
75-71-8
107-06-2
75-09-2
120-83-2
78-87-5
542-75-6
76-14-2
77-73-6
111-42-2
64-67-5
2524-03-0
131-11-3
77-78-1
124-40-3
121-69-7
68-12-2
105-67-9
576-26-1
528-29-0
88-85-7
51-28-5
121-14-2
606-20-2
25321-14-6
123-91-1
122-39-4
330-54-1
106-89-8
110-80-5
140-88-5
541-41-3
100-41-4
74-85-1
107-21-1
75-21-8
7S-34-3
SO-00-0
64-18-6
76-13-1
77-47-4
67-72-1
110-54-3
123-31-9
55406-53-6
13463-40-6
78-84-2
67-63-0
80-05-7
108-31-6
149-30-4
150-50-5
67-56-1
Teratogenicity/ Total On- and
Reproductive Environmental Off-site Releases >
Chemical Name Acute Chronic Toxieiiy1 Mutagenleity2 Eeotoxicity2 Fate" 1 Million Pounds'
4,4'-DiammQdiphenyl ether
2,4-Dianunotoluene
Diammotoluene (mixed isomers)
1,2-Dibromoethane
Dibutyl phthalate
Diohloran
2,2-DiehIoro-l,l,l-tnfluoroethaite
(HCFC-123)
1 >4-DichIon>-2-1>iiteiie
trans-l,4-Dichloro-2-toteiie
1,2-Dichlorobenzene
1 ,4-Diehlorobenzene
1 ,3-Dichlorobenzene
S.S'-Dicblorobenzidine dihydrochlonde
Diehlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12)
1 ,2-DioWorae thane
Didiloromethane
2,4-Diohlorophenol
1,2-Dichloropirapane
1,3-Dichloroprapylene
Dichlorotetrafluoroettan* (CFC-114)
Dicyclopentadiene
DiethanoJamina
Diethyl sulfate
Dimethyl chlorothiophosphate
Dimethyl phthalate
Dimethyl sulfate
Dimethylanrine
N.N-Dimethylanilme
NjN-Dimelhylfonnanude
2,4-DimethylphenoI
2,6-Dimethylphenol
o-Dinitrobenzone
Dinitrobutyl phenol
2,4-Dimtrophenol
2,4-Dimtrotoluene
2,6-DnntrotoIuene
Dimtotoluene {mixed isomers)
1,4-Dioxane
Diphenylatmne
Dmroti
Epiohlorohydnn
2-Ethoxyethanol
Ethyl acrylat*
Bthyl chloroformate
Ethylbenzene
Ethylene
Ethylene glyeol
Ethylene oxide
Ethyhdene dichtende
Fonnaldehyde
Formic acid
Freon 113
Hexaehlorocyolopentadiene
Hexachloroethane
n-Hexane
Hydroqmnone
3-Iodo-2-propynyl butylcaibamate
Iron pentacarbonyl
Isobutyraldehyde
Isopropyl alcohol (manufacturing)
4,4'-Isopropylidenediphenol
Maleic anhydride
2-Mercaptobenzothiazole
Merphos
Methane I
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1 Based on 203 U.S. HPV TRI chemicals from 1990 lURUpate and 1995 TRI reporting
2 For teatogemeityA'epioduetive toxictty, mutagemoity, ecotoxocity, and environmental fete, test data were considered available if any studies relevant to the endpoint were
located, completing the SIDS set for these endpoints reqnires multiple shidies
3 Total on-srte and off-site releases equals total ofon-site releases and transfers to disposal
C-3
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Appendix C-
I
- Additional Information for Assessing the Impacts ofTRI Chemicals
Table A. Hazard Data Availability of U.S. High Production Volume TRI Chemicals1, Continued
CASNumJxr
94-74-6
10946-4
96-33-3
79-22-1
7S-M-3
108-10.]
62443-9
556-61-6
80-62-6
1634-04-4
S72-50-4
74-95-3
101-14-4
101-77-9
75-86-S
924-42-S
109-06-3
76.15-3
91-20-3
192942-4
100-01-6
98-95-3
55-63.0
100-02-7
79-46-9
79-21-0
594-42-3
108-95-2
95-54-5
106-50-3
108-45-2
90-43-7
75-44-5
85-44-9
1918-02-1
107-19-7
123-3S-6
115-07-1
75-56-9
110-36-1
81-07-2
122-34-9
1982-69-0
128.04-1
132-27-4
100-42-5
96-09.3
79-34-5
630-20-6
127-18-4
62-56-6
137-26-8
IOS-SS-3
58444-9
91-OS-7
26471-62-5
95-53-4
12042-1
71-55-6
79-00-5
79-01-6
75-69-4
96-18-4
121-444
95-63-6
76-87-9
10S-OS-4
Teratogenicity/ Total On- and
Reproductive Environmental Off-site Releases >
Chemical Name Acute Chronic Toxicity2 Mutagenicity2 Ecotoxicity2 Fatez 1 Million Pounds3
Mcthoxonc
2-Mcthoxyclhanol
Methyl acrylitc
Methyl chlorocarbonatc
Methyl ethyl ketonc
Methyl isobutyl kclonc
Methyl tsocytnatc
Methyl isothiocyanate
Methyl mclhacrylate
Methyl tcrt-butyl ether
N-Mcthyl-2-pyrrolidonc
Methylene bromide
4,4'-Methylcncbis(2-chloroaniline)
4,4'-Mclhylcncdianiline
2-Mcthyllaetonitrile
N-Mcthylolacrylamidc
2-Mcthylpyridine
Monochloropcntafluorocthane (CFC-115)
Naphthalene
Nitrapyrin
p-NitfOinilino
Nitrobenzene
Nitroglyccrin
4-Nitrophenol
2-Nitropropanc
Pcncclic acid
Fcrchloromcthyl mercaplan
Phenol
1 ,2-Phcnylcnediamine
p-Phcnylenediamme
1 ,3-PhcnyIcnediamine
2-Phcnylphcnol
Phosgene
Phlhnlic anhydride
Pietoram
Propargyl alcohol
Propionaldchydc
Propylcnc
Propylcne oxide
Pyridine
Saccharin (manufacturing)
Simazine
Sodium dicamba
Sodium dimcthyldtthiocarbamate
Sodtum o-phcnylphcnox!de
Slyrcnc
Styrenc oxide
1,1,2,2-TctrachIorocthanc
1 , 1 , 1 ,2-Tc trachloroethane
Tetrachloroclhylcnc
Thiourca
Thtram
Toluene
Tolucnc-2,4-diisocyanate
Tolucnc-2,6-diisocyanatc
Tolucnediisocymitc (mixed isomcrs)
o-Totuidine
1,2,4-Trichlorobcnzenc
1,1,1-Trichloroethanc
1 ,1 ,2-TrlchIorocthanc
Trichlorocthylcnc
TricWorofluoromcthiine (CFC-11)
1 ,2,3-Trichloropropane
Trklhylaminc
1,2,4-Trimcthylbcnzenc
Triphcnyltin hydroxide
Vinyl acetate
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X "
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
'Based on 203 U.S. HPVTR1 chemicals from 1990IUR Upate and 1995 TRI reporting
•For toatagtaiicily/rcproducli vc toxicity, mutagenicity, ecotoxocity, and environmental fate, test data were considered available if any studies relevant to the endpoint
were located, completing the SIDS set for these endpoints requires multiple studies.
*ToUd on-site and off-site releases equals total of on-site releases and transfers to disposal
C-4
-------
Appendix C—Additional Information for Assessing the Impacts of TRI Chemicals
\~~~_
Table A, Hazard Data Availability of U.S. High Production Volume TRI Chemicals1, Continued
Teratogenicity/
Reproductive
CAS Number
75-01-4
75-35-4
95-47-6
106-42-3
108-38-3
1330-20-7
Chemical Name
Vinyl ehlonds
Vmylidene chloride
o-Xylene
p-Xylene
m-Xylene
Xylene (mixed isomets)
Acute
X
X
X
X
X
X
Chronic
X
X
X
X
X
X
Toxicity*
X
X
X
X
X
X
Mwtageaietty2
X
X
X
X
X
X
Environmental
Ecotosdcfty2
X
X
X
X
X
X
Fate1
X
X
X
X
X
X
Total On- and
Off-site Releases >
1 Million Pounds1
X
X
X
X
X
'Basedon203US HPVTWcherncalsfoml9901URUpateandl995TWref»tting
2 For teratogemcity/reproductrve toxicity, mutagemeiiy, eeotoxocity, and environmental fate, test data were considered available if any studies relevant to the endpoint
were located, completingthe SIDS set for these endpoints requires multiple studies
3 Total on-srte and off-site releases equals total of on-site releases and transfers to disposal.
Table B. HazardData Availability forU.S. High Production Volume (HPV) TRI Chemicals
Number of SIDS
Tests Performed1 TRI Chemical
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
TOTAL
Yes
0 (0,0%)
2(1,0%)
5 (2.5%)
15 (7.4%)
21 (10.3%)
51 (25.1%)
109 (53.7%)
203
No
1216 (45.7%)
393 (14.8%)
291 (10.9%)
251(9.4%)
236 (8.9%)
180(6.8%)
93 (3.5%)
2660
1 SIDS tests data include acute toxicity, chronic toxicity, teratogemcity/reproducttve toxicity, mutagemcity, eeotoxocity, and environmental fete For teratogenieity/
reproductive toxicity, mutagemeity, ecotoxocrty, and environmental fate, test data were considered available if any studies relevant to the endpoint were located,
completing me SIDS set for these endpoints requires multiple studies
Data Source EPA information on 2,863 US HPV Chemicals ftom 1990IUR Update and 1995 TRI Reporting
however, had four or fewer of the tests completed
and publicly available (see Table B and Figure
A).
EPA also examined the HPV TRI chemicals with
higher exposure potential and identified 91 (out of
the 203) HPV TRI chemicals with reported total
(on-site and off-site) releases at levels greater than
1 million pounds (for the 1995 reporting year). Of
these 91 high release HPV TRI chemicals, 74%
have information available on all six basic SIDS
tests, an additional 20% had five of the SIDS tests
available, and all of the high release HPV TRI
chemicals have data available from at least three
of the SIDS tests (see Table C and Figure B).
The EPA data availability survey reveals that the
majority of HPV chemicals which are not listed
on TRTmay not have been tested for the basic
information that would allow determination as to
whether they should be listed on TRI (see Figure
A). The lack of availability of basic toxicity
information on most HPV chemicals is a serious
issue for several reasons. For EPA, the
availability of hazard information on individual
chemicals is fundamental to many of the Agency's
approaches to accomplishing its mission of
environmental protection including risk
assessment, safeguarding children's health,
expanding the public's right-to-know, and
C-5
-------
Appendix C-
I
• Additional Information for Assessing the Impacts of TRI Chemicals
100.0
75.0
a so.o
a
25.0
0.0
53.7
HPV-TRI
Chemicals (n=203)
Other HPV
Chemicals
(n=2660)
123456 0 12345
Number of Tests Available
Figure A. Hazard Data Availability for U.S. High Production Volume (HPV) TRI Chemicals
Note! The six SIDS tests considered aw acute toxicity, chronic toxicity, teratagemcity/reproductive tenacity, mutagenicity, ecotoxicity, and environmental fate. For
tcrtogcnletty/rcproduetive toxicity, niutageBicity, ecotoxicity, and environmental fete, test data were considered available if any studies relevant to the endpoint were
toentcd; completing the SIDS set forthese endpoints requires multiple studies.
Table C. Hazard Data Availability for U.S. High Production Volume (HPV) TRI Chemicals: Total On- and Off-site Releases
in Excess of 1 Million Pounds1
Number of SIDS
Tests Performed2 TRI Chemical Released or Transferred > 1 ,000,000 Ibs
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
TOTAL
Yes
0 (0.0%)
0 (0,0%)
0 (0.0%)
1 (1.1%)
4 (4.4%)
18 (19.8%)
68 (74.7%)
91
No
1,216 (43.9%)
395 (14.2%)
296 (10.7%)
265 (9.6%)
253 (9.1%)
213 (7.7%)
134 (4.8%)
2,772
' ToiaJ on-aml off-site releases equals total of on-sitereleases and transfers to disposal, 1995 TRI Reporting
-SIDS tests data include acute toxicity, chronic toxicity, teratogeaicity/reproduchve toxicity, mutagemcily, eeotoxoeity, and environmental fate For teratogenleify/
reproductive toxicity, mutagenicity, ccotoxocity, and environmental fate, test data were considered available if any studies relevant to the endpomt were located,
completing the SIDS set for these endpoinls requires multiple studies
Data Source; EPA informalion on 2,863 U.S. HPV Chemicals from 1990IUR Update and 1995 TRI Reporting
C-6
-------
Appendix C—Additional Information for Assessing the Impacts ofTRI Chemicals
I
100.0
75.0
50.0
25.0
0.0
74.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.1
01 23456
Number of Tests Available
Figure B. Hazard Data Availability for U.S. High Production Volume (HPV) TRI Chemicals:
Total On- and Off-site Releases in Excess of 1 Million Pounds1
1 Total On- and off-site releases equals total of on-site releases and transfers to disposal, 1995 TRI Reporting
Note: The six SIDS tests considered are acute toxicity, chrome toxicity, teratogemcity/reproductive toxicity, mutagemcity, ecotoxicity, and environmental fete For
teratogenicity/reproductive toxicity, mutagemcity, ecotoxicity, and environmental fate, test data were considered available if any studies relevant to the endpoint were
located, completing the SIDS set for these endpoints requires multiple studies.
DataSource EPA information on 2;863 US HPV Chemicals from 1990IUR Update and 1995 TRI Reporting
promoting pollution prevention. Congress
acknowledged and established the need for data in
identifying, controlling and preventing the
possible hazardous effects of chemicals on health
and the environment when it passed TSCA.
TSCA states that it is the policy of the U.S. that
manufacturers are responsible for testing
chemicals, and the Act provides EPA the authority
to require chemical testing and impose controls as
necessary. In practice, implemefitation has been
difficult for a variety of reasons and the pace of
testing — some of which is progressing
voluntarily under international agreements to
share the economic burden of testing across many
countries — has been too slow.
To obtain more information relating to EPA's
work with the SIDS or HPV chemicals, contact
the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Hotline
at 202 554-1404 or by email at: tsca-
hotline@epamaiLepa.gov. Additional
information can also be obtained on the OPPT
SIDS website at: http://www.epa.gov/opptintr/
sids/overview. h tm.
SCREENING INFORMATION
SYSTEM/LAN (SIS/L)
The SIS/L (Screening Information System/LAN)
will enable the public to track chemicals across
C-7
-------
Appendix C—Additional Information for Assessing the Impacts of TRI Chemicals
I
major OPPT, EPA and federal government
databases, information systems and document
collections that contain information on production
and use; release, exposure and monitoring;
toxicity and hazard; and risk. Users will be able
to search for chemicals by both CAS number and
chemical name. Acting as a platform for multiple
data sources, SIS/L will provide access to
chemical information lists and databases
regardless of their origin (see Table D). EPA is
currently working to make SIS/L available on
EPA's public access home page as a valuable
information source for EPA, other federal
agencies, state and local governments, public
interest groups, research organizations, non-
government organizations, industry, and the
public. Table D lists the top 25 TRI chemicals and
the related information sources that are listed on
SIS/L.
SIS/L Information Lists
Chemicals On Reporting Rules database
(CORR)
Chemicals On Reporting Rules database tracks all
proposed and final chemical rales promulgated by
US EPA/OPPT.
Toxic Substances Control Act Test
Submissions (TSCATS)
8(d): Section 8(d) health and safety reporting
requirements; chemicals not officially under
Section 8(d) reporting requirements, but which
had information concurrently submitted along
with chemicals under Section 8(d) are also tracked
as S(d) chemicals.
SECT4: Section 4 Chemical Testing Program
(CTP); chemicals not officially under the CTP, but
which had information concurrently submitted
along with chemicals under the CTP, are also
tracked as Section 4 chemicals.
8(e): Section 8(e) Notice of Substantial Risk
requires manufacturers, processors or distributors
of chemicals to submit to EPA any new data on
one of their chemicals that reasonably supports a
conclusion that the chemical presents a substantial
risk of injury to health or the environment; besides
data on health and environmental effects,
submitters often make known uses of the
chemical, workplace practices and other Exposure
and market information.
FYI: For Your Information (FYIs) are similar in
content to the TSCA Section 8(e) Notices but do
not meet the statutory requirements for submission
under the Toxic Substances Control Act; besides
data on health and environmental effects,
submitters often make known uses of the
chemical, workplace practices and other exposure
and market information.
Chemical Hazard Information Profile (CHIPs)
Chemical Hazard Information Profiles summarize
readily available information on health effects,
environmental effects and exposure relating to a
specific chemical. CHIPs were prepared by the US
EPA, OPPT from about 1978 to 1990; they have
since been superseded by other screening reviews
in OPPT's current Existing Chemical Program.
Substitute Hazard Profile (Sub)
Every chemical referenced in a Substitute Hazard
Profile; these profiles are similar in content to
CHIPs but generally summarize readily available
information on only health and environmental
effects; these reviews were prepared in the US
EPA, OPPT from about 1985 to 1990; they have
since been superseded by reviews in OPPT's
current Existing Chemical Program.
Health Effects Assessment Summary Table
(HEAST)
Every chemical in the Health Effects Assessment
Summary Tables developed by US EPA, ORD,
OHEA; these tables include draft (or unverified)
RfD's, RfC's, and cancer potency estimates (both
final and draft or unverified) and comments and
references.
C-8
-------
Appendix C—Additional Information for Assessing the Impacts of TRl Chemicals
Table D. Screening Information System/LAN
CAS Number
67-56-1
74-85-1
75-09-2
75-15-0
78-93-3
100-42-5
108-88-3
110-49-6
110-54-3
110-80-5
111-15-9
1314-13-2
1330-20-7
7439-92-1
7439-96-5
7440-47-3
7440-50-8
7440-66-6
7647-01-0
7664-38-2
7664-41-7
7782-50-5
14797-55-8
16065-83-1
18540-29-9
Chemical Name
•METHANOL
•ETHENB
•METHANE, DICHLORO-
*CARBON DISULFIDE
*2-BUTANONE
•BENZENE, ETHENYL
•BENZENE, METHYL
•ETHANOL, 2 METHOXY-, ACETATE
•HEXANE
*ETHANOL, 2 BTHOXY-
*ETHANOL, 2 ETHOXY-, ACETATE
•ZINC OXIDE, (ZNO)
•BENZENE, DIMETHYL
•LEAD
*MANGANESE
•CHROMIUM
"COPPER
•ZINC
•HYDROCHLORIC ACID
•PHOSPHORIC ACID
•AMMONIA
•CHLORINE
•NITRATE
•CHROMIUM m
•CHROMIUM (HEXAVALENT)
CORR
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
8(d)
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
SECT4
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
S(e)
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
FYI
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
CHIP
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Sub HEAST
X X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X X
X X
X X
X
X
CURE
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
IRIS
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
PEPS
X
X
X
X
X
Table D. Screening Information System/LAN, Continued
CAS Number
67-56-1
74-85-1
75-09-2
75-15-0
78-93-3
100-42-5
108-88-3
110-49-6
110-54-3
110-80-5
111-15-9
1314-13-2
1330-20-7
7439-92-1
7439-96-5
7440-47-3
7440-50-8
7440-66-6
7647-01-0
7664-38-2
7664-41-7
7782-50-5
14797-55-8
16065-83-1
18540-29-9
Chemical Name
*METHANOL
•ETHENE
•METHANE, DICHLORO-
•CARBON DISULH0B
*2-BUTANONE
•BENZENE, ETHENYL
*BENZENE, METHYL
•ETHANOL, 2 METHOXY-, ACETATE
*HEXANE
•ETHANOL, 2 ETHOXY-
*ETHANOL, 2 ETHOXY-, ACETATE
*ZDMC OXIDE, (ZNO)
•BENZENE, DIMETHYL
*LBAD
•MANGANESE
•CHROMIUM
*COPPBR
•ZINC
•HYDROCHLORIC ACID
•PHOSPHORIC ACID
•AMMONIA
•CHLORINE
•NITRATE
•CHROMIUM m
•CHROMIUM (HEXAVALENT)
RM(x) MEGA SIDS
X
X X
X X
X X
XXX
X X
X
X X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
RoL WQCD DWHA FIFRA
X X
X X
XXX
X
X X
XXX
XXX
X
X X
X
X
X X
X XX
XXX
X X
X X
XX X
XX X
X X
X X
X X
XX X
X X
X
INERT OSHA
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
NIOSH
X
X .
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
ACGBH
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
, X
X
X
e-9
-------
•m
Appendix C—Additional Information for Assessing the Impacts ofTRI Chemicals
I
Chemical Unit Record Estimate (CURE)
Every chemical in the Chemical Unit Record
Estimate; an index and summary of all health and
environmental effects and risk reviews published
by US EPA, ORD.
Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS)
Every chemical referenced in the US EPA, ORD
Integrated Risk Information System, which
summarizes official EPA-wide chemical hazard
and risk evaluations.
Production/Exposure Profile (PEPs)
Every chemical referenced in a Production/
Exposure Profile; PEPs were prepared in the US
EPA, OPPT from about 1978 to 1986.
Risk Management Tracking System (RMx)
Every chemical tracked in the Risk Management
tracking system for the previous version of the US
EPA, OPPT Existing Chemical Program.
TSCA Section 4 Testing Program (MEGA)
Every chemical within the TSCA Section 4
Testing Program including those chemicals with
tests in proposal or negotiation stage, those
awaiting submission of test results and those
awaiting verification of compliance with the test
rule or consent order, as well as historical
information on chemicals that have completed
Section 4 testing.
Screening Information Data Set Program
(SIDS)
Every chemical being evaluated under the
Screening Information Data Set program; SIDS is
an international voluntary information sharing and
testing program developed under the aegis of the
Organization for Economic Cooperation and
Development (OECD); the program is intended to
fill basic data gaps on high volume chemicals
with little safety information.
Register of Lists (RoL)
Every chemical referenced in the proprietary
database Register of Lists (RoL); RoL listed the
statutory authority for all chemicals regulated by
the US EPA; RoL is no longer supported by the
US EPA.
Water Quality Criteria Document (WQCD)
Every chemical which has a Water Quality
Criteria Document from within the US EPA,
Office of Water. I
Drinking Water Health Advisory (DWHA)
Every chemical which has a Drinking Water
Health Advisory as developed by the US EPA,
Office of Water.
Federal Insectide & Rodenttcide Act (FIFRA)
Every chemical subject to regulation by the US
EPA, Office of Pesticide Programs under Federal
Insecticide & Rodenticide Act as a registered
Active Ingredient.
Inerts
Every chemical the US EPA, Office of Pesticide
Programs has determined to be potentially toxic
but are not claimed by pesticide manufacturers to
have any pesticidal activity in their registered
products.
Occupational Safety and Health
Administration (OSHA)
Every chemical for which a PEL (Permissible
Exposure Limits) and other workplace standards
have been promulgated by the Occupational
Safety and Health Administration (US DOL).
National Institute for Occupational Safety and
Health (NIOSH)
Every chemical in the NIOSH (National Institute
for Occupational Safety and Health/NIH/US
DHHS) Occupational Exposure Survey of around
C-10
-------
Appendix C—Additional Information for Assessing the Impacts ofTRI Chemicals
1980; NOES lists number of workers and number
of facilities by SIC codes (Standard Industrial
Classification).
American Conference of Governmental
Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)
Every chemical for which workplace standards
have been recommended by the American
Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists.
C-11
-------
Appendix C
I
Additional Information for Assessing the Impacts ofTRI Chemicals
C-12
-------
APPENDIX D
TRI FORM R AND FORM A FOR 1996
Facilities reporting to the Toxics Release
Inventory submit their information on TRPs Form
R. If a facility's total annual reportable amount of
a chemical does not exceed 500 pounds, and the
facility does not manufacture, process, or
otherwise use more than 1 million pounds of the
chemical, it may submit a Form A certification
statement. (Form A certification statement
reporting is further explained in Chapter 1.) This
appendix supplies copies of the Form R and Form
A certification statement for the 1996 reporting
year.
FORM R
The 1996 Form R is divided into two parts:
Part I, Facility Identification Information, contains
information on such matters as name, address, parent
company information, and contact names and phone
numbers fbrthe facility.
Part II, Chemical-Specific Information, contains
information such as chemical identity, facility activities
and uses of the chemical, amounts of on- and off-site
releases and transfers off-site for further waste
management, on-site waste treatment methods and
efficiencies, on- and off-site waste management
quantities, and information on source reduction
and recycling activities.
FORM A CERTIFICATION
STATEMENT
The 1996 Form A certification statement consists
of facility identification information and chemical
identification, as in Form R. Facilities do not report on
the Form A certification statement amounts or other
information about their use, releases, or waste
management of the chemical.
Readers who are interested in a more in-depth
understanding of who is required to report to TRI and
how to fill out the forms, should refer to the EPCRA
Information Hotline at 1-800-424-9346. Reporting
software, forms, and instructions for the current
reporting year are available from EPA's Web site
at; http ://www.epa.gov/opptintr/tri/report.htm.
D-1
-------
(IMPORTANT: Typa or print; read Instructions before completing form)
Form Approved OMB Number 2070-0093
Approval Expires 04/2000
Page 1 of 5
FORMR
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
TOXIC CHEMICAL RELEASE
INVENTORY REPORTING FORM
Section 313 of the Emergency Planning and Community
Right-to-Know Act of 1986, also known as Title III of the Superfund
Amendments and Reauthorization Act
WHERE TO SEND COMPLETED FORMS:
EPCRA Reporting Center
P.O. Box 3348
Merrliield.VA 32116-3348
ATTN: TOXIC CHEMICAL RELEASE INVENTORY
2 APPROPRIATE STATE OFFICE
(See instructions in Appendix F)
Enter "X" here if this
is a revision
For EPA use only
IMPORTANT: See instructions to determine when "Not Applicable (NA)" boxes should be checked.
PART I. FACILITY IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION
SECTION 1. REPORTING YEAR
19
SECTION 2. TRADE SECRET INFORMATION
2.1
Are you claiming the toxic chemical identified on page 2 trade secret?
Q Yes (Answer question 2.2; r~j No Do not answer 2.2;
Attach substantiation — go to Section 3
forms)
2,2
Is this copy f~| Sanitized |T~l Unsanitiied
(Answer only If "YES" in 2.1)
SECTIONS. CERTIFICATION (Important: Read and sign after completing all form sections.)
I hereby certify that I have reviewed the attached documents and that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, the
submitted Information is true and complete and that the amounts and values in this report are accurate based on
reasonable estimates using data available to the preparers of this report.
Ntrrte »nd otllclaltitte of owner/operatoror senior managementofficial;
Signature:
Date signed;
SECTION 4. FACILITY IDENTIFICATION
TRi Facility ID Number I
4,1
FacKv or EstabKshmBnt Name
Facility or Establishment Name or Mailing Address (If different from street address)!
Mailing Address |
CTvJCourtvStaiagip Coda
Citv/Counlv/SMagip Coda
The report contains Information for
(important: check a at b; cheek c if applicable)
I I An entire
facility
Part of a
facility
A Federal
facility
4.3
Technical Contact Name
Telephone Number (include area code) |
4.4
Public Contact Name
Telephone Number f include area code) I
4,5
SIC Codc{s) (4 digits)
4,6
Latitude
Minutes
Seconds
Longitude
Degrees
Minutes
Seconds
4,7
Dun & Bradstreet
Numbor(s} (9 digits)
4.8
EPA Identification Numfacr(s)
(RCRA I.D. No.) (12 characters)
4,9
Facility NPDES Permit
Number(s) (9 characters)
4.10
Underground Injection Well Code
(UIC) I.D. Number(s) (12 digits)
a.
b.
b.
b.
SECTION 5. PARENT COMPANY INFORMATION
5.1
Name of Parent Company
NA
5,2
Parent Company's Dun & Bradstreet Number
I I NA
(9 digits)
EPA F«m 9350-1 (Rev. MISJ) • Previous editions are obsolete.
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Page 2 ofS
EPA FORM R
PART 0. CHEMICAL - SPECIFIC INFORMATION
TRI FACILITY ID NUMBER
Toxic Chemical, Category, or Generic Name
SECTION 1.TOXIC CHEMICAL IDENTITY
(Important; DO NOT complete this section if you
completed Section 2 below.)
1.1
CAS NUMBER (IMPORTANT Enter only one number exactly as it appears on the Section 313 hst Enter category code if reporting a chemical category)
1.2
Toxic Chemical or Chemical Category Name (Important Enter only one name exaotly as it appeals on the Section 313 list)
1,3
Generic Chemical Name (Important Complete only if Part I, Section 2 1 is checked "yes" Senerio name must be structurally descriptive)
SECTION 2. MIXTURE COMPONENT IDENTITY
(Important; DO NOT complete this section if you
complete Section 1 above,}
2.1
Qeneno Chemical Name Provided by Supplier (Important Maximum of 70 characters, including numbers, letters, spaces, and punctuation)
SECTION 3. ACTIVITIES AND USES OF THE TOXIC CHEMICAL AT THE FACILITY (Jmportant: check an that apply.)
3.1 Manufacture the toxic chemical:
3.2
Process the toxic chemical:
3,3 [ Otherwise use the toxic chemical:
a.
Produce b.
Import
^___^ If produce or import
c" I | For on-site use/processing
d-1 I For sale/distribution
e. I..............I As a byproduct
f. I _'-".'' | As an impurity
a- m As a reactant
b> I ^ I As a formulation component
c. I "I As an article component
d. L=Jl Repackaging
As a chemical processing aid
As a manufacturing aid
Ancillary or other use
SECTION 4. MAXIMUM AMOUNT OF THE TOXIC CHEMICAL ON-SITE AT ANY TIME DURING THE
CALENDAR YEAR
4.1
(Enter two-digit code from Instruction package.)
SECTION 5. QUANTITY OF THE TOXIC CHEMICAL ENTERING EACH ENVIRONMENTAL MEDIUM
A. Total Release (pounds/year)(enter
range from instructions or estimate)
B, Basis of estimate
(enter code)
C. % From Stormvvater
5.1
5.2
5.3
Fugitive or non-point
air emissions
Stack or point
air emissions
NA
NA
Discharges to receiving streams or
water bodies (enter one name per box)
Stream or Water Body Name
5.3.1
-.3.2
5.3.3
5.4.1
Underground Injection on-site
to Class I Wells __
NAD
5.4.2
Underground Injection on-site
to Class II-V Wells
If additional pages of Part II, Section 5.3 are attached, indicate the total number of pages In this box
and indicate which Part II, Section 5.3 page this is, here CZZl (example: 1,2,3,610.)
EPA Form 9350-1 (Rev 04/97) - Previous editions are obsolete.
Range Codes. A = 1 -10 pounds, B = 11 - 499 pounds; C = SQQ - 999 pounds.
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Page 3 of 5
EPA FORM R
PART II. CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC INFORMATION (CONTINUED)
TRI FACILITY ID NUMBER
Toxic Chemical. Category, or Generic Name
SECTION 5. QUANTITY OF THE TOXIC CHEMICAL ENTERING EACH ENVIRONMENTAL MEDIUM
NA
A. Total Release (pounds/year) (enter range
code from instructions or estimate)
B. Basis of Estimate
(enter code)
5.5
Disposal to land on-site
'•• .'/ ',1
, " .". j,.
5.5.1 A
RCRA Subtitle C landfills
D
5.5.1B
Other landfills
n
5.5.2
Land treatment/application
farming
D
5.5.3
Surface impoundment
5.5.4
Other disposal
SECTION 6. TRANSFERS OF THE TOXIC CHEMICAL IN WASTES TO OFF-SITE LOCATIONS
6.1 DISCHARGES TO PUBLICLY OWNED TREATMENT WORKS (POTWs)
6.1 .A. Total Quantity Transferred to POTWs and Basis of Estimate
6.1.A.1. Total Transfers (pounds/year)
(enter range code or estimate)
6.1 .A.2 Basis of Estimate
(enter code)
6.1.B.
| POTW Name
POTW Address
Oily
State
County
Zip
6.1.B.
POTW Name
POTW Address,
City
State
County
Zip
If additional pages of Part II, Section 6.1 are attached, indicate the total number of pages
in this box | I and indicate which Part II, Section 6.1 page this is here I I (example: 1,2,3, etc.)
SECTION 6.2 TRANSFERS TO OTHER OFF-SITE LOCATIONS
6.2 OFF-SITE EPA IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (RCRA ID NO.)
Off-Site Location Name
Off-Site Address
City
State
County
Zip
Is location under control of reporting facility or parent company?
I I Yes
I I No
EPA Form 9350-1 (Rev. 04/97) - Previous editions are obsolete
Range Codes- A = 1 -10 pounds, B = 11 - 499 pounds, C = 500 - 999 pounds.
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Page 4 of 5
EPA FORM R
PART II. CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC INFORMATION (CONTINUED)
TRI FACILITY ID NUyBER
Toxro CherrBcal. Cs
j' Genetic Name
SECTION 6.2 TRANSFERS TO OTHER OFF-SITE LOCATIONS (continued)
A. Total Transfers (pounds/year)
(enter range code or estimate)
i. Basis of Estimate
(enter code)
C. Type of Waste Treatment/Disposal/
Recycling/Energy Recovery (enter code}
1.
1.
1.M
2.
2.M
3.
s.y
4.
4M
6.2 OFF-SITE EPA IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (RCRA ID NO.)
Off-Site Location Name
Off-Site Address
City
State
County
Zip
Is location under control of reporting facility or parent company? | ) Yes
No
A. Total Transfers (pound/year)
(enter range code or estimate)
B. Basis of Estimate
(enter code)
C. Type of Waste Treatment/Disposal/
Recycling/Energy Recovery (enter code)
1.
1.
1.M
2.
2.
2.M
3.
3.
3.M
4.
4.
4.M
SECTION 7A. ON-SITE WASTE TREATMENT METHODS AND EFFICIENCY
Not AD I" ablefNA) - Cneck nere w D°-on-site waste treatment is applied to any
°P waste stream containing the toxic chemical or chemical category.
3. waste Treatment
Efficiency
Estimate
c Range of Influent
Concentration
a. General
Waste Stream
(enter code)
b Waste Treatment Methodfe) Sequence
[enter 3-character eade{s)J
e Based on
Operating Data'
If additional pages of Part II, Sections 6.2/7A are attached, indicate the total number of pages in this
box I I and indicate which Part II, Sections 6.2/7A page this is, here. I I (example: 1.2.3. etc.)
ERA Farm 9350-1 (Rev. 04/97) - Previous editions are obsolete.
Range Codes' A= 1-1Q pounds; B=11- 499 pounds, C= 500 - 999 pounds.
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page 5 of 5
EPA FORM R
PART II. CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC INFORMATION (COI
TRI FACILITY ID NUMBER
\JTINUED) Toxic Chemical, Category, or Generic Name
SECTION 7B. ON-SITE ENERGY RECOVERY PROCESSES
nNot Applicable (NA) - Check here if no on-site energy recovery is applied to any waste
stream containing the toxic chemical or chemical category.
Energy Recovery Methods [enter 3-character code (s)]
11 1 2 1 1*
I 4 I I
SECTION 7C. ON-SITE RECYCLING PROCESSES
LZ
Not applicable (NA) - Check here if no on-site recycling is applied to any waste .
stream containing the toxic chemical or chemical category.
Recycling Methods [enter 3-character code(s)]
1 1 2| I 3|
6| 1 71 1 8l
SECTION 8. SOURCE REDUCTION AND RECYCLING
All quantity estimates can be reported
using up to two significant figures.
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.8
8.9
8.10
8.10.1
8.10.2
8.10.3
8.10.4
8.11
Quantity released*
Quantity used for energy recovery
on-site
Quantity used for energy recovery
off-site
Quantity recycled on-site
Quantity recycled off-site
Quantity treated on-site
Quantity treated off-site
Column A
Prior Year
(pounds/year)
I 4| | 5|
I 9 I I 10|
ACTIVITIES
Column B Column C Column D
Current Reporting Year Following Year Second Following Year
(pounds/year) (pounds/year) (pounds/year)
Quantity released to the environment as a result of remedial actions,
catastrophic events, or one-time events not associated with production
processes (pounds/year)
Production ratio or activity index
Did your facility engage in any source reduction activities for this chemical during the reporting year? If not,
enter "NA" in Section 8.10.1 and answer Section 8.11.
Source Reduction Activities
[enter code(s)]
Methods to Identify Activity (enter codes)
a.
a.
a.
a.
b. c.
b. c.
b. c.
b. c.
Is additional optional information on source reduction, recycling, or pollution control activities * °
included with this report? (Check one box) I I I I
* Report releases pursuant to EPCRA Section 329(8) including "any spilling, leaking, pumping, pouring, emitting, emptying, discharging,
injecting, escaping, leaching, dumping, or disposing into the environment." Do not include any quantity treated on-site or off-site.
EPA Form 9350 -1 (Rev. 04/97) - Previous editions are obsolete.
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(IMPORTANT- Type or print, read instructions before completing form) Form Approves OMB # 2070-0143 Form Expires os/si/as Page 1 of 2
C D A United states
IZt m r\ Environmental Protection Agency
TOXIC CHEMICAL RELEASE INVENTORY
FORMA
WHiRi TO SEND 1 EPCRA Reporting Center
TU 1C CT ATCft/tCMT. P 0« BOX 3348
1 Hlb b IAI tMEN I. Memfieid, VA 22116-3348
ATTN: TOXIC CHEMICAL RELEASE INVENTORY
2 APPROPRIATE STATE OFFICE
(See instructions m Appendix F)
Enter "X" here if
this is a revision
PART I. FACILITY IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION
SECTION 1.
REPORTING
YEAR
19
SECTION 2. TRADE SECRET INFORMATION
2.1
2.2
Are you claiming the toxic chemical identified on page 2 trade secret*?
No- Do not answer 2 2, continue
Yes: Answer question 2,2 and
attach substantiation forms
with Section 3.
If you answered yes in 2.1, is this copy.
Sanitized
Unsanffaed
SECTION 3. CERTIFICATION (Important: Please read and sign after completing the statement.)
I hereby certify that to the best of my knowledge and belief, for the toxic chemical listed in this statement, the annual
reportabie amount, as defined in 40 CFR 372 27(a), did not exceed 500 pounds for this reporting year and that the chemical
was manufactured, processed, or otherwise used in an amount not exceeding 1 million pounds during this reporting year.
Name and official title of owner/operator or senior management official
Signature
Date Signed
SECTION 4. FACILITY IDENTIFICATION
Facility or Establishment
TRI Facility ID Number
Majhng Address (if different from street address)
4.1
State
Zip Code
Sfreet Address
County
State
Zip Code
4.2
This report contains information for:
(Important: check c if applicable, a and b have been intentionally left blank)
c.n
A Federal
facility
4.3
Technical Contact
Name
Telephone Number (include area code)
EPA Form (Rev 11/04)
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(IMPORTANT; Type or print; read instructions before completing form)
Page 2 of 2
%*** C? D A United states
\iX EM • JT\ Environmental Protection Agency
TOXIC CHEMICAL RELEASE INVENTORY
FORMA
SECTION 4. FACILITY IDENTIFICATION (Continued)
4.4
Intentionally left blank
4.5
SIC Code
(4-digit)
b.
c.
e.
4.6
Latitude
and
Longitude
Latitude
Degrees
Minutes
Longitude
Seconds
Degrees
Minutes
Seconds
4.7
Dun & Bradstreet Number(s) (9 digits)
4.8
EPA Identification Number(s) (RCRA I.D. No.)
(12 characters)
4.9
Facility NPDES Permit Number(s)
(9 characters)
4.10
Underground Injection Well Code (UIC) I.D.
Number(s) (12 digits)
SECTION 5. PARENT COMPANY INFORMATION
5.1
Name of Parent Company
EH
5.2
Parent Company's Dun & Bradstreet Number
| | NA (9 digits)
PART II. CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
SECTION 1. TOXIC CHEMICAL IDENTITY
1.1
CAS Number (Important: Enter only one number exactly as it on the Section 313 list. Enter category code if reporting a chemical category.)
1.2
Toxfc Chemical or Chemical Category Name (Important: Enter only one name exactly as it appears on the Section 313 list.)
1.3
Generic Chemical Name (Important: Complete only tf Part i, Section 21 is checked "yes" Generic Name must be structurally descriptive.)
SECTIONS MIXTURE COMPONENT IDENTITY (Important: DO NOT complete this
totu I IUN 4. IWIA l UMt= UUMI-UIMCIM i luciM 11 i ¥ sect|on if you complete Section 1 above.)
2.1
Generic Chemical Name Provided by Supplier (Important: Maximum of 70 characters, including numbers.letters, spaces, and punctuation.)
EPA Form 9350-2 (Rev. 11/94)
ft U S GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1998-615-003/60623
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