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Routine monthly monitoring requirements for chlorite
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Each system required to monitor must develop and implement
monitoring plan; system must maintain the plan and make it av
to the state and the general public no later than 30 days followi
applicable compliance dates; Subpart H systems serving more
3,300 must submit a copy of the monitoring plan to the state n
than the date of the first report required under §141.134; state :
require any system to submit its monitoring plan; state may ra
changes in any plan element
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Monitoring plan: locations and schedules for collecting sample:
any parameters
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MRDLs, treatment techniques •- . ,
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system if approved for monitoring as a consecutive system or i
providing water to a consecutive system .
§141.133 COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS
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System fails to monitor that makes it impossible to determine
compliance with the MCLs or MRDLs will be treated as a viol
entire period covered by an annual average
S
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All samples,taken and analyzed under this subpart must be incl
determining compliance eyen if the number is greater than the
minimum requked ,
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FEDERAL REQUIREMENT
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If, during the first year of monitoring, any individual quarter's averag(
will cause the 'annual average of that system to exceed the MCL the
system is out of compliance at end of that quarter
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Compliance requirements for TTHM and HAAS MCLs for systems
monitoring quarterly
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monitoring less than quarterly; system must increase monitoring to
once per quarter if MCL exceeded
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Compliance requirements for TTHM and HAAS MCLs, if running
annual arithmetic average of quarterly averages covering any four-
quarter period exceeds the MCL, the system is in violation of the
MCL.
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Compliance requirements for TTHM and HAAS MCLs, if a PWS fai
to complete four consecutive quarters of monitoring, compliance witl
the MCL for the last four-quarters compliance period must be based
an average of the available data:
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Compliance requirements for bromate
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Compliance requirements for chlorite
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§141.134 REPORTING AND RECORDK
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Systems required to sample at least quarterly must repi
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collected; systems required to sample less frequently th
must report to the state within 10 days after the end of <
period in which samples were collected
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§ 141.135 TREATMENT TECHNIQUE FO
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• ..Subpart. H systems using conventional filtration (as defii
must operate with enhanced coagulation or enhanced so:
achieve the TOC percent removal levels specified in (b)
system meets at least one of alternative compliance crite
(a)(3) .:.: -. .'-.:.-•. .
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FEDERAL REQUIREMENT
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Alternative compliance criterion: source water running annual average
TOC < 4.0 mg/L; alkalinity > 60 mg/L; TTHM s 0.040 mg/L and
HAAS s 0.030 mg/L or system has made a clear and irrevocable
financial commitment to use technologies that will limit the levels of
TTHMs and HAASs
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Alternative compliance criterion: running annual average TTHM <
0.040 mg/L and annual average HAAS < 0.030 mg/L; system uses
only chlorine for primary disinfection and maintenance of a residual in
the distribution system
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120 mg/L for specified source
water TOC .
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Subpart H systems that cannot achieve the TOC removals in (b)(2)
must apply to state within 3 months of failure to achieve the removals
for the approval of alternative minimum TOC removal requirements
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Requirements for waters with alkalinities < 60 mg/L for which small
amounts of alum or equivalent addition of iron coagulant drive the pH
below 5.5 before significant TOC removal occurs
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with otherNPDWRs) to achieve the minimum TOC percent removal
approved in (b)(3) ... ...
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System may apply- to the state for a waiver of enhanced coagulation
requirements if water is deemed non-amenable to enhanced
coagulation (if the TOC removal is consistently less than 0.3 mg/L of
TOC per lOmg/L of incremental alum dose at all dosages of alum, the
water is deemed to contain TOC not amenable to enhanced
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system has collected 12 months of data ,
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TOC percent removal requirements .
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Systems may use provisions in (c)(2)(i) through (v) in lieu of the
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percent removal requirements ; -
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FfeDERAL REQUIREMENT
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may assign a monthly value of 1.0
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In any month the.system practicing softening removed at least 10
of magnesium hardness (as CaCO3) the system may assign a mon
value of 1.0
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In any month source water SUVA prior to treatment £ 2.0 L/mg-
system may assign a monthly value of 1 .0
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In any month finished water SUVA prior to treatment <. 2.0 L/mj
the system may assign a monthly value of 1 .0
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In any month a system practicing enhanced softening lowers alka
below 60 mg/L (as CaCO3) the system may assign a monthly val
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Subpart H systems using conventional treatment may also comp
the requirements of this section by meeting the criteria in (a)(2) p
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Agency identifies treatment techniques for DBF precursors: enha
coagulation or enhanced softening
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§141.154 REQUIRED ADDITIONAL HEALTH &
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CWSs that detect TTHM above 0.080 mg/L but below the MCL
§141. 12 as an annual average monitored and calculated under §14"
must include health effects language prescribed by paragraph (73]
Appendix C to Subpart O
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PRIMACY REVISION CR
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§142.14 RECORDS KEPT BY STATES
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Records of currently applicable or most recent state determinations; explanation <
technical basis for each decision; interim measures toward installation
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States must keep records of systems installing GAC or membrane technology; ik
by which system is required to have completed installation
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State must keep records of systems that are required to" meet alternative minimun
TOC removal requirements or for whom state has determined that source water it
not amenable to enhanced coagulation; alternative limits and rationale for
establishing alternative limits - . . .'••••.
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States must keep records of Subpart H systems using conventionar treatment
meeting any of flie alternative compliance criteria in §141.1 35(a)(2) or (3)
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States must keep a register of qualified operators that have met state requirement
under § 14 l,16(f)(2): .^ . . . . •
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Records of systems with multiple wells considered to be 1 treatment plant
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Monitoring plans for 'Subpart H systems serving more than 3,300 people
£"
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List of laboratories approved for analyses
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List of systems required to monitor for disinfectants and DBFs;, indicate what
disinfectants and DBFs (other than chlorine, TTHM, and HAA5) aremeasured
§142.16 SPECIAL PRIMACY REQUIREMENTS
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Requirements for states to adopt 40 CFR part 141, Subpart L (state regs must be
least as stringent) • : ... .'" .
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Application must contain description of how state will accomplish program
requirements •' • . , "'..-.'• ...
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Program requirement: determine any interim treatment requirements for systems
electing to install GAC or membranes and are granted additional time to comply
with § 141 .64 {state does not have to respond if it utilizes authority under
1412(b)(10) to extend schedule) .
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Appendix B
Sample Extension
Agreement
Under 40 CFR 142.12, states must adopt the requirements of the Stage 1
Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts Rule (Stage 1 DBPR) within 2 years of the final rules'
publication or by December 16, 2000. , :
An extension agreement will be necessary only when states have not submitted a complete and
final primacy revision application package by December 16, 2000. For further detail, please refer
to Section III B. •
A sample extension agreement is presented on the following pages. -
-------
This page is left intentionally blank.
June 2001 Appendix B-2 Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
-------
Extension Agreement
Name of State Agency
U.S, Environmental Protection Agency Region
Extension Agreement
for Implementation of the
Stage 1 Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts Rule (Stage 1 DBPR)
On December 16, 1998, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published the final Stage 1
Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts Rule (Stage 1 DBPR). This rule amends tiie National Primary
Drinking Water Regulations, 40 CFR Part 141 and the regulations for implementation of the National -
Primary Drinking Water Regulations, 40 CFR Part 142. Provisions of this rule take effect 36 to 60
months after publication.
The April 28, 1998 revisions to the Primacy Rule extend the time allowed for States to adopt new Federal
regulations from 18 months to 2 years. Therefore, the State must adopt regulations pertaining to the Stage
1 DBPR and submit a complete and final primacy revision application by December 16, 2000 unless it
requests an extension of up to 2 years to adopt the new or revised regulations.
This document records the terms of a Primacy Extension Agreement between the (Name of State
Agency) (the State) and the EPA, Region for the Stage 1 Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts
Rule, and shall remain effective from the date (for State's eligible for interim primacy) this extension
agreement is signed until either December 16, 2002 or the date the State's primacy application is
submitted under 40 C.F.R. § 142.12. To retain primacy the State must submit a final and approvable
Primacy Revision Application incorporating the above-referenced provisions of the Federal Register to
EPA, Region, by December 16, 2000, or no later than December 16, 2002, if the State has been
granted an extension. ;
Until the State Primacy Revision Application has been submitted, for States eligible for interim primacy,
or approved, the State and EPA, Region ___ will share responsibility for implementing the primary
program elements as indicated below.
• .•-'•--'-"• -'.'-',-•' v •'
This Extension Agreement outlines the responsibilities of (Name of State Agency) and EPA. Region .
as partners in this effort, working toward two very specific public health-related goals. The first
goal is to achieve a high level of compliance with the regulation. The second goal is to facilitate
successful implementation of the regulation during the transition period before the State has interim
primacy for the rule. In order to accomplish these goals, education and training will need to be provided
to water suppliers on then- responsibilities under the Stage 1 DBPR. "
M/DBPImplementation Guidance AppendixB-3 June 2001
-------
Activities to be carried out by the State or Region:
Q Notify PWSs within 60 days of signing this extension agreement of the requirements of the Stage
1DBPR; '
Q Identify other State agencies that should receive copies of the Stage 1 DBPR. Within 60 days of
signing this extension agreement, provide EPA Region with the names, addresses, and phone
numbers of contacts identified within those agencies;
Q Train State staff and PWSs on the requirements of the Stage 1 DBPR;
Q Devise a tracking system for PWSs' monitoring and reporting performed pursuant to the Stage 1
DBPR;
Q Issue notices to PWSs that fail to meet requirements of the Stage 1 DBPR;
Q Provide copies of the Stage 1 DBPR in response to public inquiries;
Q Report Stage 1 DBPR violation and enforcement information to SDWIS as required; " V '
Q Coordinate with water associations to increase awareness of requirements;
Q Assist with public outreach efforts to inform and educate PWSs;
Q Prepare guidance as needed, or forward national guidance to the States;
Q Keep States informed of SDWIS reporting requirements during development and
implementation;
Q Compliance assistance; and,
Q Notify States of all Federal enforcement actions.
June 2001 Appendix B-4 Stage 1 .DBPR Implementation Guidance
-------
This Extension Agreement will take effect upon the date of the last signature.
Dated this day of .2000
Agency Director or Secretary
Name of State Agency ;
Dated this day of . 2000
Regional Administrator
EPA, Region ,
M/DBP Implementation Guidance AppendixB-5- June2001
-------
This page is left intentionally blank.
June 2001 Appendix B-6 Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
-------
Appendix G
Statement of
Principles—Guidance on
Audit Law Issues
-------
This page is left intentionally blank.
June 2001 -.,. Appendix C-2 Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
-------
UNITE
TOi
et of Stats Audit
Oh B
Timotby
•Acting •-Asaijstact A
to
, e, w ebtdr,
reHcf
to
"lus
and m,
aathoat-f
v,ithaqdrt
Stage 1 DBPR Implementation Guidance ' Appendix C-3
June 2001
-------
L Aa vohajtwyaiiditiiig, E?A mil Ise :g*rti«s3tel.y
other fkctorsT •with w&esfa«r the state has t
1) Obtain Immediate SBS!
-------
1} r^aia^iflfotsatJsn g auttedty-lt is
nfet o
.
, sascia^ fcr whjsf efelow«sr5 er fcs tibM'prsvasai from obtaining
t aoaepaipHaacs to wiash Qss$ are ea.tftied matter Meal law appear to
' '
It is important for EPA:to sksly cosnmiMlsateits positiB.ii';fej states md to
f ^sirsffi
-------
to.d ths effect of tha state* s law on Its mforoaasftt auifassty as itis o^tliacd in fesss
principles, DcpaKfeg oa ks coBciissEoBs, .Ef A .may deterabe that; tfas
General's opi» jams SuMcjeat to
su&odty,
gatheriag aathoriiy for sash of ft« programs «l«^ ito^. To tias. • ectffit ist ctifife«it or
mor« specific rw,uk«5S*alsfof srfsitata^fflt&utiisrit^ may tefisaijdM federal kw or
regulauons, EPA wffl. t^ke &ese Ist« gaccsmt la waductJmilfe'?*''iBw of s&te.pi»gr&a«,
In sLddJtJon, dais fflsmaranasim do«s sot address Issoes ti« sould bs fey
judit laws, $us?li as tl3« Scope of p^Iic p®rtidpaD.q mp, QECA. aa4 Sftfcstsal pr&fr&ta offices*
develop a staie-by-sfcate plan so- w^j-k ¥ath states to ^!ja«dv aay p»y$cas ideatifiad pasua
application of these principles. As. a fest step, r?gic:B5 steald contact asoraei's g«aeral for
ma opinion regarding di* sife?t of aaj1 audit pff/ilcge or knmffliity law oa «Ssfote?asieat AUtiiarfty
as discussed i?
t
June 2001 Appendix C-6 Stage 1 DBP& Implementation Guidance
-------
Appendix D
Stage 1 DBPR Plain English
Summary
-------
This page is left intentionally blank.
-------
United States '-.'. Office of Water v ,-..'-. EPA816-R-01-014
.Environmental Protection (4606) June 2001
Agency - . ' • .--' '' ~ .'".- . • ,'._•.- - '•- ."-'• .'•'.'..'- .... "' '
The Stage 1 Disinfectants and
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
What Does it Mean to You?
-------
This page is left intentionally blank.
-------
Contents
Definitions and Abbreviations ............ ; .. .-.;.. ...;..... •. ..•;.... "/.'-...•;.'.".".. l
1. Introduction .... . ... ............. .'. . . ..... .... . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . 3
. Purpose of the Guide ...... . . . . . 1 ... . . . . .......... . . . ... .:, 3
Background.. • ••••••••........... .^ .................. -3
Development of the Rule ............. . . . . . . 4 .... . . . . . . , . . . . . .... -.- ... ; 5
Benefits of the Rule . ...... . , . . . ...... , . . . . ... . .... . . . ... , . . .•'.'. . . ... _ 5
2. Applicability and Compliance Dates . . . . ; . . ..'. . . . . ..... .-•. .... . '. . . ; ....'........ ,. ...... 5
3. Summary of regulatory requirements ... ............................................. 7
MCLGs and MCLs for disinfection byproducts .. .^.................... ^.......... 7
MRDLGs and MRDLs for disinfectant residuals . . . ; . . ....... . . . . .... . .'-. . 8
Treatment technique for disinfection byproduct precursors . . .... . '. . . . . ..... .... .... 8
Best available technology (BAT) ..... . . .............................. 8
Public water system recordkeeping and reporting requirements .-....•'... 9
Laboratory methods and certification .................... ..... ........ . . . 9
4. Additional information ........... . . ...... ... . . . . ... ............... ... .......... 9
5. Detailed regulatory requirements . . . ... .... . . . . . .... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Subpart H systems serving at least 10,000 people . . . ..'.'. . . ........... 13
Subpart H systems serving 500 to 9,999 people .. . .... .... ..... ... . . . .... ......... .19
Subpart H systems serving fewer than 500 people ................................. 25
Ground water systems serving at least 10,000 people .. . . ...' .... . ... . . •.'•'.'..... 31
Ground water systems serving fewer than 10,000 people . . ,. . . ........ ... . . . . . . .... "37
Systems using .chlorine dioxide .... . ...... . ... .... . ... .. .... . . . .... ..... ... 43
Systems using ozone ... . 49
Subpart H systems using conventionalfiltration treatment.. . . . . . .... ... . . . ...... 53
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Definitions and Abbreviations
Definitions •/. - '.---..'.'\- .""-•'. .'".-• '• - • .; "." '•••-.•.';,." -"- • ; ; •./-•. .. '••.'-•
Enhanced coagulation ---- the addition of sufficient coagulant for improved removal of disinfection
byproduct precursors by conventional filtration treatment
Enhanced softening — the unproved removal of disinfection byproduct precursors by precipitative
softening. ,
Maximum residual disinfectant level (MftDL) ->--- a level of a disinfectant added' for water treatment
that may not be exceeded at the consumer's tap without an unacceptable possibility of adverse health
effects. , - .-•'•'• ". -".' '.':• ' .':"-.•"•• "'' . : ••/
Maximum residual disinfectant level goal (MRDLG) - - the maximum level of a disinfectant added
for water treatment at which no known or anticipated adverse effect on the health of persons would
occur, and which allows an adequate margin of safety. MRDLGs are nonenforceable health goals and do
not reflect the benefit of the addition of the chemical for control of waterbdrne microbial contaminants,
SUVA — Specific Ultraviolet Absorption at 254 nanometers (nm), an indicator of the humic content of
water. It is a calculated parameter obtained by dividing a sample's ultraviolet absorption at a wavelength
of 254 nm (UV 254) (in m -' ) by its concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (in mg/L).
Total Organic Carbon (TOC) —- total organic carbon in mg/L measured using heat, oxygen, ultraviolet
irradiation, chemical oxidants, or combinations of these oxidants that convert organic carbon to carbon
dioxide, rounded to two significant figures.
Abbreviations Used in This Document
BAT: Best Available Technology
CDC: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
CWS: Community Water System
DBF: Disinfection Byproducts ,
DBPP: Disinfection Byproducts Precursors
EC: Enhanced Coagulation
EPA: United States Environmental Protection Agency
ES: Enhanced Softening , •
ESWTR: Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule
FACA: Federal Advisory Committee Act
FR: Federal Register
GAC10: Granular Activated Carbon with ten minute empty bed contact time and 180 day reactivation
frequency '-'/".
GWR: Ground Water Rule > '
GWUDI: Ground Waiter Under me Dkect Influence of Surface Wafer
HAA5: Haloacetic Acids (five)(chloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, bromoacetic
acid and dibromoacetic acid)
ICR: Information Collection Rule (issued under section I412(b) of the SDWA)
IESWTR: Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule
Log Inactivation: Logarithm of (N0/NT) .,
- • •"..". ' '• ' - .' ..-''.'-•' :- -: --'. - 'Page! "" " •;-'• .. • -'
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Log: Logarithm (common, base 10)
LT1ESTWR: Long-Tenn 1 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule
LT2ESWTR: Long-Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule
MCL: Maximum Contaminant Level ,
MCLG: Maximum Contaminant Level Goal
M-DBP: Microbial and Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts
mg/L: Milligrams per Liter
MR: Monitoring/Reporting
MRDL: Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level
MRDLG: Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal
MPDWR: National Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulation
NSCEP: National Service for Environmental Publications
NTIS: National Technical Information Service
NTNCWS: Non-Transient Non-Community Water System
PWS: Public Water System
PWSS: Public Water Supply Supervision Program
Reg. Neg.: Regulatory Negotiation
SDWA: Safe Drinking Water Act, or the "Act," as amended 1996
SDWIS: Safe Drinking Water Information System
Subpart H: PWS using surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water
SUVA: Specific Ultraviolet Absorbance
SWTR: Surface Water Treatment Rule
TCR: Total Conform Rule
TNCWS: Transient Non-Community Water Systems
TOC: Total Organic Carbon
TTHM: Total Trihalomethanes (chloroform, bromdichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, and
bromoform) ,
Page 2
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1. Introduction
Purpose of the Guide
The purpose of this guide is.to detail the regulatory requirements of the Stage 1
Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts Rule (Stage 1 DBPR), The Stage 1 DBPR, published in the
Federal Register on December 16, 1998 (63 FR 69390; www.epa.gov/OCjWDW/mdbp/dbpfr.html: :
66 FR 3770: www.epa.gov/safewater/mdbp/iesfr.html). is the first part of a series nf mlas; ths
'Microbial-DisMectants/Disinfection Byproducts Cluster" (M-DBP Cluster), to be published over the
next several years that are intended to control microbial pathogens while minimizing the public health ;
risks of disinfectants and disinfection byproducts (DBPs). The Stage 1 DBPR specifically addresses risks
associated with disinfectants and DBPs. This rule was published concurrently with the Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule (IESWTR), which addresses control of microbial.pathogens.
Background
The 1974 Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) called for EPA to regulate drinking water by creating the
national interim primary drinking water regulations (NIPDWR). In 1979, the first interim standard
addressing DBPs was set for total trihalomethanes (TTHMs), a group of four volatile organic chemicals
which form .when disinfectants react with natural organic matter in the water.
Although SDWA was amended slightly in 1977, 1979, and 1980, the most significant changes to the
1974 law occurred when SDWA was reauthorized in 1986. Disease-causing microbial contamination
had not been sufficiently controlled under the original Act. To safeguard public health, the 1986
Amendments required EPA to set health goals, or maximum contaminant level goals (MCLGs) and
maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for 83 named contaminants. EPA was also required to establish
regulations within certain time frames, require disinfection of all public water supplies, specify filtration
requirements for nearly all water systems that draw their water from surface sources, and develop
additional programs to protect ground water supplies, '
In 1989, EPA issued two important National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR): The Total
Coliform Rule (TCR) and the Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR). The TCR and SWTR provide the
foundation for the M-DBF'Cluster and are summarized below.
The TCR covers all public water systems. Since coliforms are easily detected in water, they are used to
indicate a water system's vulnerability to pathogens in the water. In the TCR, EPA set a MCLG of zero
for total coliforrns. EPA also set a MCL for total coliforrns.; If more than 5.0 percent of the samples
contain coliforms within a month, water system operators must report this violation to the state and the
public. In addition, sanitary surveys are required every five or ten years (depending on the quality of the
source water) for every system that collects fewer than five samples per month (typically systems that
serve less than 4,100 people). .:.'.-•-.
EPA issued the SWTR in response to Congress' mandate requiring disinfection, and where necessary;
filtration of systems that draw their water from surface sources before distribution. The SWTR applies to
all systems that use surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water (GWUDI).
The rule sets MCLGs for Legionella, Giardia lambliq, and viruses at zero since any exposure to these
contaminants presents some level of health risk. ,
Specifically, the rule requires that a surface water system have sufficient treatment to reduce the source
water concentration of Giardia lamblia and viruses by at least 99.9 percent (3 log) and 99.99 percent (4
l°g)> respectively. A detectable disinfection residual mustbe maintained throughout the entire
distribution system;. For systems that filter, the adequacy of the filtration process is determined by
measuring the turbidity of the treated water since high levels of turbidity often indicate that the .filtration
process is not working properly. The goal Of the SWTR is to reduce risk to less than one infection per
••-' -••.•,. '• - ,'". ' ";-' -"•. ..'. ." Pages "../. ."• •';'- -' -. -. • -,-... : • .-- . ::
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year per 10,000 people. However, the SWTR does not account for systems with high pathogen
concentrations that, when treated at the levels required under the rule, still may not meet this health goal,
and the rule does not specifically control for the protozoan Cryptospotidium.
In 1990, EPA's Science Advisory Board, an independent panel of experts established by Congress, cited
drinking water contamination as one of the most important environmental risks and indicated that
disease-causing rrucrobial contaminants (z'.e., bacteria, protozoa, arid viruses) are probably the greatest
remaining health-risk management challenge for drinking water suppliers. Data from the Centers for
Disease Control (CDC) confirm this concern and indicate that between 1980 and 1994, 379 waterborne
disease outbreaks were reported, with over 500,000 cases of disease. During this period, a number of
agents were implicated as the cause, including protozoa, viruses, bacteria, and several chemicals. Most of
the cases (but not the outbreaks) were associated with surface water, including a single outbreak of
cryptosporidiosis in Milwaukee (over 400,000 pases).
In response to these findings, the SDWA was further amended in 1996 to improve public health '
protection by incorporating new data on the adverse health effects of contaminants, the occurrence of
contaminants in public water systems, and the estimated reduction in health risks that would result from
further regulation. The Act also increased scientific research requirements and emphasized cost-benefit
analyses in the regulatory decision process.
Based on prevailing scientific data, the M-DBP Cluster is intended to control microbial pathogens while
minimizmg the public health risk from disinfectants and DBPs. Since multiple threats require multiple
barriers, the IESWTR and Stage 1 DBPR expand on the foundation of the TCR, SWTR, and TTHM
standards to target health risk outliers unaddressed by prior regulations.
The TTHM NPDWR of 1979 set a standard for TTHMs only for public water systems (PWSs) serving
10,000 or more people. The Stage 1 DBPR builds on the TTHM Rule by lowering the MCL and
widening the range of affected systems to include all PWSs that add a disinfectant. Therefore, EPA
believes that the promulgation of the Stage 1 DBPR will significantly decrease the risks posed by DBPs
and disinfectants by covering many PWSs not currently regulated for TTHM or other DBPs.
Many water systems treat then: water with a chemical disinfectant in order to inactivate pathogens that
cause disease. The public health benefits of common disinfection practices are significant and well-
recognized; however, disinfection poses risks of its own. While disinfectants are effective in controlling
many harmful microorganisms, they react with organic and inorganic matter (disinfection byproduct
precursors—DBPPs) hi the water and form DBPs, some of which pose health risks at certain levels.
Since the discovery of chlorination byproducts in drinking water in 1974, numerous toxicological studies
have been conducted that show some DBPs to be carcinogenic and/or cause reproductive or
developmental effects in laboratory animals. Additionally, exposure to high levels of disinfectants over
long periods of tune may cause health problems, including damage to blood and kidneys'. While many of
these studies have been conducted at high doses, the weight-of-evidence indicates that DBPs present a
potential public health problem that must be addressed. One of the most complex questions facing water
supply professionals is how to reduce risks from disinfectants and DBPs while providing increased .
protection against microbial contaminants. Much of the population is exposed to these risks; therefore, a
substantial concern exists.
To address this concern, the Stage 1 DBF Rule updates and supersedes the 1979 TTHM standard by
lowering the MCL for TTHMs and establishing maximum residual disinfection level (MRDL) limits for
chlorine, chloramines, and chlorine dioxide and new MCLs for chlorite, bromate, and haloacetic acids
(HAAS) for all community water systems and nontransient noncommunity water systems that add a
chemical disinfectant for either primary or residual treatment. In addition, the Stage 1 DBF Rule requires
conventional filtration systems to remove specified percentages of organic materials measured as total
organic carbon (TOC) that may react with disinfectants to form DBPs.
Page 4
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By building on the foundation set forth by the original SDWA, the quality of drinking water has
improved and public health protection has increased. The lESWTR and Stage 1 DBF Rules arepart of a
series of rules designed to expand on the foundation of prior rulemaking efforts. By encompassing
previously unaddress'ed health risks from microbials and disinfection byproducts, the M-DBP Cluster
continues tpmaximize drinking Water quality ahdpublic health protection.
Development of the Rule
The new rules are a product of 6 years of collaboratiqn among the water supply industry, environmental
and public health groups, and local, state, and federal governments. EPA first launched a rule-making
process in 1992 and convened a Regulatory Negotiation (RegNeg) Advisory Committee under the
Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA), representing a range of stakeholders affected by possible
regulation. The 1996 SDWA Amendments required EPA to develop rules to balance the risks between
, microbial pathogens and disinfection byproducts.
In 1997, a similar FACA process was implemented with the Microbial-Disinfectants/Disinfection
Byproducts (M-DBP) Advisory Committee. The M-DBP Committee convened to collect, share, and
analyze new information available since 1994, review previous assumptions made during the RegNeg
process, as well as build consensus on the regulatory implications of this new information. Negotiations
resulted in the following three proposals:
••-. A staged approach to regulation of DBFs (referred to as the Stage land Stage 2,DBPRs)
incorporating Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs), Maximum Residual Disinfectant
Levels (MRDLs), and treatment technique requirements;
* A companion Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (IESWTR) designed to
improve control of microbial pathogens and prevent inadvertent reductions in microbial
safety as a result of DBF control efforts; and,
• An Information Collection Rule (ICR) to collect information necessary to reduce many
key uncertainties prior to subsequent negotiations for the Stage 2 DBPR.
Benefits of the Rule
The Stage 1 DBPR is expected to reduce the risks associated with exposure to disinfectants and DBFs.
The MCLs will reduce exposure to specific DBFs from the use of ozone (byproduct: bromate), chlorine
dioxide (byproduct: chlorite), and chlorine (byproducts: TTHM and five Haloacetic Acids—
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Subpart H systems (PWSs that use that use surface water or ground water under the direct influence of
surface water—GWUDI—as a source) serving 10,000 or more people must comply with the
requirements of the Stage 1 DBPR no later than January 2002. Subpart H systems that serve fewer than
10,000 people, and all affected ground water systems, must comply with the requirements no later than
January 2004.
The timetable for the Stage 1 DBPR is presented in Table 1. The Stage 1 DBPR and the IESWTR were
published simultaneously to address the inherent tradeoffs between protection from microbial
contamination and the potential health effects from disinfectants and their byproducts. These rales are
the first in a series of rales that will continue to address the public health concerns associated with
microbial pathogens and chemical disinfectants.
Table 1: Timetable for the Stage 1 DBPR Requirements
Date
December 16, 1998
.February 16, 1999
February 16, 1999
January 1,2001
January 1,2002
January 1,2002
January 1,2002
January 1,2002
January 1,2003
December 3 1,2003
January 1, 2004
January 1,2004
January 1,2004
DBPR Requirement
Rule is published in Federal Register [63 FR 241 69390].
60-day legal challenge period ends.
Methods specified in 40 CFR 141. 131 for analyzing disinfection byproducts, disinfection
residuals, and DBF precursors are approved for use [40 CFR 141.13 l(a)].
Large Subpart H systems should begin monitoring to determine Step 1 TOC removal
before the compliance date.
Large Subpart H CWSs andNTNCWSs must comply with the MCLs for TTHM, HAAS,
bromate, and chlorite [40 CFR 141 .64(b)(l)].
Large Subpart H CWSs and NTNCWSs must comply with the MRDLs for chlorine,
chloramines, and chlorine dioxide [40 CFR 141. 65(b)(l)]-
Large Subpart H TNCWSs that use chlorine dioxide must comply with the MRDL for
chlorine dioxide [40 CFR 141.65(b)(2)].
Requirements of Subpart L generally apply to large Subpart H CWSs and NTNCWs [40
CFR141.130(b)(l)].
• Monitoring requirements.
• Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
• Compliance.
• Treatment technique for control of DBF precursors. '
Small Subpart H systems should begin monitoring to determine.Step 1 TOC removal
before the compliance date.
Systems which received an extension from the state to install GAC or membranes must
comply with the Stage 1 DBPR [40 CFR 141. 64(b)(2)].
Small Subpart H and all ground water CWSs and NTNCWSs must comply with the
MCLs for TTHM, HAA5, bromate, and chlorite [40 CFR 141. 64(b)(l)].
Small Subpart H and all ground water CWSs and NTNCWSs must comply with the
MRDLs for chlorine, chloramines, and chlorine dioxide [40 CFR 141 .65(b)(l)].
Small Subpart H and all ground water TNCWSs that use chlorine dioxide must comply
with the MRDL for chlorine.dioxide [40 CFR 141.65 (b)(2)].
Page 6
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Date
January 1, 2004
June30,2005
DBPR Requirement
Requirements of Subpart L generally apply to small Subpart H and all ground water
CWSsandmNCWs[40CFR14l.l30(b)(l)]; V :=- ^
• ••-- Monitoring requirements.
• Reporting and recordkeepingrequireiiients. ^
• • Compliance. , , ,
• Treatment technique for control of DBP precursors. ,
Systems that made a clear and irrevocable financial commitment before the applicable
compliance date to install technologies that limit TTHM and HAA5 to 0.040 mg/L and
0.030 mg/L, respectively, must have these technologies installed and operating [40 CFR
141.135(aX2Xiii)]. ; ,,-.'. ;
3. Summary of regulatory requirements
MCLGs and MCLs for disinfection byproducts
The Stage 1 DBPR sets maximum contaminant level goals (MCLGs) for some of the regulated DBFs, a
more stringent maximum contaminant level (MCL) for TTHM,. and new MCLs for HAA5, bromate, and
chlorite. MCLGs are set at concentrations at which no known or anticipated adverse health effects are
expected to occur. They are non-enforceable public health goals. MCLs are enforceable contaminant
standards that are feasible to achieve and measure.
These MCLs, along with the MRDLs and treatment technique explained iri the following paragraphs, will
help reduce exposure to DBFs and disinfectants and their associated health risks. ..
Disinfection Byproduct
Total Trihaiomethanes (TTHM)
Chloroform
Bromodichloromethane
Bromoform
Dibromochloromethane
Five Haloacetic Acids (HAAS)
Ivionochloroacetic Acid
Dichloroacetic Acid
Trichloroacetic Acid
Monobromoacetic Acid
DibromOacetic Acid ,
Chlorite • •
Bromate
MCLG (mg/L)
zero
zero
0.06^
,
zero
0.3
N
0.8
zero
MCL (mg/L)
0.080
'
f
0.060
•>
"
1.0
0.010
Page 7
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Compliance for TTHM and HAAS MCLs is based on a running annual arithmetic average, computed
quarterly, of quarterly averages of all samples. Compliance for the chlorite MCL is based on an
arithmetic average of each three sample set taken in the distribution system. Compliance for the bromate
MCL is based on a running annual arithmetic average, computed quarterly, of monthly samples.
MRDLGs and MRDLs for disinfectant residuals
To protect against potential health risks caused by high levels of residual disinfectants, the Stage 1 DBPR
sets the following maximum residual disinfectant level goals (MRDLGs) and maximum residual
disinfectant levels (MRDLs). Like MCLGs and MCLs, respectively, MRDLGs are non-enforceable,
while MRDLs are enforceable.
Disinfectant
Chlorine
Chloramines
Chlorine Dioxide
MRDLG(mgTL)
4(asCl2)
4(asCl2)
0.8
MRDL (mg/L)
4.0(asCl2)
4.0(asCl2)
0.8
Systems using chlorine or chloramines may temporarily increase residual disinfectant levels to an
appropriate level protect to public health in order to address specific microbiological contamination
problems. These problems may be caused by circumstances such as, but not limited to, distribution line
breaks, storm run-off events, source water contamination events, or cross-connection events. This option
is NOT available for the use of chlorine dioxide.
Compliance for chlorine and chloramine MRDLs is based on a running annual arithmetic average,
computed quarterly, of monthly averages of all samples. Compliance for the chlorine dioxide MRDL is
based on consecutive daily samples.
Treatment technique.for disinfection byproduct precursors
The rule includes a treatment technique that applies to Subpart H systems using conventional filtration
treatment. The treatment technique was established because disinfectants can react with disinfection
byproduct precursors (DBPPs) to form both regulated and non-regulated DBPs. The treatment technique
requirements in the rule are designed to provide public health protection by minimizing the production of
all DBPs. Compliance with the treatment technique can be achieved by removing specified percentages
of Total Organic Carbon (TOC) using enhanced coagulation or enhanced softening. Alternatively,
systems may comply by showing they meet alternative compliance criteria. For example, systems which
have a low level of TOC in their source or treated water (less than 2.0 mg/L) meet alternative compliance
criteria.
Best available technology (BAT)
EPA has specified the Best Available Technology (BAT) for each MCL and MRDL established in the
rule. These technologies and methods are believed to be effective in controlling chemicals in drinking
water while remaining economically feasible for PWSs to employ. PWSs must use the specified BAT if
they wish to qualify for variances. Otherwise, systems are not required to install BAT and may use any
technology to achieve compliance.
Page 8
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Chemical
DBFs
Disinfectants
TTHMandHAAS"
--.-• .•.•••" .:- ," .-..'-
Chlorite ;
Brdmate
Chlorine, chlpramiiie,
and chlorine dioxide
Best Available Technology
Enhanced coagulation or granular activated carbon (GAC 10), with chlorine as
the primary and residual disinfectant ,
Control of treatment processes to reduce disinfectant demand and control of
cKsinfection treatment processes to reduce disinfectant levels
Control of ozone treatment process to reduce production of bromate
Control of treatment processes to reduce disinfectant demand and control of
disinfection treatment processes to reduce disinfectant levels
Public water system recordkeeping and reporting requirements
For each disinfectant, contaminant, contaminant group, and treatment technique, EPA has developed
routine compliance monitoring schemes to be protective of acute and chronic health concerns. The
compliance monitoring requirements vary by the size and type of system, the treatment employed, and
the disinfectant used. In many cases, systems may reduce monitoring frequencies after
baseline. . . ..;... ".;-'.••.'....' . ..: . ..-••'"•
Systems required to sample quarterly or more frequently must report to the state within 10 days after the
end of each quarter in which the samples were collected. Those required to sample less frequently than
quarterly must report to the state within 10 days after the end of each monitoring period in which samples
were collected. Systems .that are required to conduct additional monitoring because of the disinfectant
used (e.g., chlorine dioxide) are subject to additional reporting requirements if certain chemical levels are
measured.
Laboratory methods and certification
The rule specifies analytical methods for measuring each relevant water quality parameter, disinfectant,
contaminant, and DBPP. Consistent with current regulations, only certified laboratories can analyze
samples for cpmpliance with the MCLs. However, chlorite measured at the entrance to the .distribution
systems is a trigger, not an MCL compliance sample, and may be analyzed by a party approved by the
state. For disinfectants and other specified parameters that EPA believes can be adequately measured by
other than certified laboratories, and for which there is good reason to allow on-site analysis (e.g., for
samples that may deteriorate before reaching a certified laboratory), EPA is requiring that analyses be
conducted by a party approved by the state.
4. Additional information
A series of guidance manuals have been developed to support the mterim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule and the Stage 1 Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts Rule, The manuals will aid EPA,
state .agencies and affected public water systems in implementing the two interrelated;rules, and will help
to ensure that implementation among these groups is consistent. The manuals are available on EPA's
website at www.epa.gov/safewater/mdbp/implement.html. Additional information on ordering these
manuals is provided below. , : '.."•• •
Guidance Manual for Enhanced Coagulation and Enhanced Precipitatiye Softening
(EPA 815-R-99-012)
Objective: To assist utilities in implementing, monitoring, and complying with the treatment technique
requirements in the final Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule and to provide
guidance to state staff responsible for implementing thetreatment requirements.
Page 9
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Contents: The manual provides detailed information on the total organic carbon (TOC) removal
requirement; explains how to set an alternative TOG removal percentage under the Step 2 procedure;
details monitoring, reporting, and compliance requirements; and discusses strategies that can be
employed to mitigate the potential secondary effects on plant performance due to implementation of the
treatment technique.
Alternative Disinfectants and Oxidants Guidance Manual (EPA 815-R-99-014)
Objective: To provide technical data and engineering information on disinfectants and oxidants that are
not as commonly used as chlorine, so that systems can evaluate their options for developing disinfection
schemes to control water quality problems such as zebra mussels and Asiatic clams, and oxidation to
control water quality problems associated with iron and manganese.
Contents: The manual discusses six disinfectants and oxidants; ozone, chlorine dioxide, potassium
permanganate, chloramines, ozone/hydrogen peroxide combinations, and ultraviolet light. A decision
tree is provided to assist in evaluating which disinfectant(s) is most appropriate given certain site-specific
conditions (e.g., water quality conditions, existing treatment and operator skill). The manual also
contains a summary of existing alternative disinfectants used in the United states and cost estimates for
the use of alternative disinfectants. ,
M/DBP Simultaneous Compliance Manual (EPA 815-R-99-015)
Objective: To assist public water systems on complying simultaneously with various drinking water
regulations (e.g., Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule, Interim Enhanced Surface
Water Treatment Rule, Lead and Copper Rule and the Total Coliform Rule). The manual discusses
operational problems systems may encounter when implementing these rules.
Contents: The manual provides detailed information on the requirements in the Stage 1 Disinfectants.
and Disinfection Byproducts Rule and the Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule.
T6 order copies of these guidance manuals you may contact the Safe Drinking Water Hotline at (800)
426-4791 or you may download an electronic version from the OGWDW website at;
www.epa.gov/safewater/mdbp/implementhtml
1 '' * ' *
Guidance manuals are also available through the National Service Center for Bnvironmental, -,, >
Publications (NSCEP) (free of charge). These documents may also be purchased through National
Technical Information Service (NTIS) /' _ - * - \~ ' s
NSCEP: 1.800.490.9198 \ ' ^ - -. \ ''. . *
NTIS: 1.800^553.6847 ' ' ''" . * -
5. Detailed regulatory requirements
Detailed descriptions of the monitoring and reporting requirements for public water systems (PWSs) are
presented in the following section. The Stage 1 DBPRapplies to all community water systems and
nontransient noncommunity water systems that add a chemical disinfectant or oxidant. as well as
transient noncommunitv water systems that treat their water with chlorine dioxide. However, systems
will monitor at various frequencies depending on type (Subpart H and ground water) and size.
Additionally, the type of chemical monitored will also vary depending on system type and the primary
disinfectant used. For this reason, tables that outline the monitoring and reporting requirements are
presented for each system size and type.
Page 10 ;
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This section is, organized so that specific categories of systems can turn right to where their specific
requirements are. Keep in mind that some systems may fall into more than one category listed below.
The categories of systems; are: -'', ••" * "..- " " ? • -,] --/-
'.-'• Subpart H systems serving at least 10,00.0 people (Attachment 1)
• Subpart H systems serving 500-9,999 people (Attachment 2) ; ,
• Subpart H systems serving fewer than.-500 people (Attachment 3) ,
• Ground water systems serving at least 10,000 people (Attachment 4)
•-, Grotond water systems serving fewer than 10,000 people (Attachment 5)
> Systems using chlorine dioxide (Attachment 6)
• Systems using ozohe (Attachment 7) ' ..."
• Subpart H systems :usmg conventional filtration treatment (Attachment 8)
Systems should review all the attachments which apply to them to gain a full understanding of how the
Stage 1 DBPR will affect them. For example, a surface water system serving 7,000 people using
conventional filtration and chlorine dioxide as an oxidant should review Attachments 2, 6, and 8.
Page 11
-------
Stage 1 DPBR Genei-al Requirements
NO
Is the System
a CWS, NTNCWS, or a
TNCWS which adds a chemical
disinfectant to their water?
Yes
CWS & NTNCWS
System must conduct TTHM/HAA5 monitoring.
See attached flow charts. Requirements based
on population and source water type.
YES
1
r
Required to do Chlorine
Dioxide monitoring. See
Attachments.
. ; i
r
The system has no
requirements under
' this rule.
Does system use Chlorine or
Chloramine?
Is system a subpart H system with
conventional treatment?
YES
Chlorine and Chloramine
monitoring requirements apply."
See Attachments 1-5.
Chlorine Dioxide and Chorite-
monitoring requirements apply. See
Attachment 6.
YES
Bromate monitoring
requirements apply. See
Attachment 7.
YES
Enhanced DBF Precursor removal
requirements (Enhanced
Coagulation/Enhanced Softening)
apply. See Attachment 8.
Page 12
-------
Attachment 1 - Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule Requirements
I operate a surface water system or ground water system
under ike direct influence of surface water that serves at
least 10,QOQ people...
Page 13
-------
(Attachment 1) I operate a surface water system or ground water system under the direct influence of
surface water that serves at least 10,000people...
You must conduct the monitoring, compliance determinations, reporting, arid recordkeeping specified in
this section. In addition, you are required to conduct additional monitoring;, compliance determinations,
reporthig and recordkeeping if you meet any of the following criteria:
• You use chlorine dioxide in treating ypur Water. This includes any use of chlorine dioxide, not
just chlorine dioxide used for meeting disinfection requirements. Additional requirements are
found in Attachment 6.
• You use ozone in treating your water. This includes any use of ozone, not just ozone used for
meeting disinfection requirements. Additional requirements are found in Attachment 7.
• You operate a treatment plant that uses conventional filtration treatment. Additional
requirements are found in Attachment 8.
In addition, you must develop and implement a monitoring plan that specifies 1) location and schedules
for collecting all required samples, 2) procedures for calculating compliance with MCLs, MRDLs, and
treatment techniques, and 3) if receiving water as a consecutive system, or supplying water to a
consecutive system, how the entire distribution system is represented. The monitoring plan must be
submitted to the state.
Page 14
-------
(Attachment 1) I operate a surface water system or ground water system under the direct influence of
surface water that serves at least 10,000 people.,.
JfTtat RbutlME MONITORING must I conduct under the Stage 1DBPR?
•Chemical
TTHM and HAAS
Chlorine and
Chloramines
Frequency
4 sample? per plant per quarter
•- . '• . •
' ' . •
Same time as total coliform
samples are taken
Where monitoring must be conducted
At least 25% of samples must be at locations representing maximum
residence time. Remaining samples must represent average residence
time and the entire distribution system (account for number of
people served, different sources of water, different treatment
methods).
Same locations as total coliform samples are taken.
' Notes:
1. If a system elects to sample more frequently than the minimum required, at least 25% of all samples collected
each quarter (including those taken in excess of the required frequency) must be taken at locations that represent the
maximum residence time of the water in the distribution system, Theremaining samples must be taken at locations
representative of at least average residence time in the distribution system.
What REDUCED MONITORING may I conduct under the Stage 1DBPR?
Chemical
TTHM and HAAS
Chlorine and
Chloramines
Frequency
One sample per
plant per quarter
No reduced :
monitoring
Where monitoring must
be conducted
In the distribution system at a
location representing
maximum residence time.
NA : .
Conditions for reduced monitoring
• Source water annual average TOC before
any treatment < 4.0 mg/L and
• Annual average TTHM <. 0.040 mg/L and
• Annual average HAAS <; 0.030 mg/L
NA .;- ' - -•'•-
Page 15
-------
(Attachment 1) I operate a surface water system or ground water system under the direct influence of
surface water that serves at least 10,000 people,,.
How do I DETERMINE IF MY SYSTEM is IN COMPLIANCE with the MCLs and MRDLsin the Stage 1
DBPR?
Chemical
TTHM and HAAS
Chlorine and
Chloramines
Compliance is based on ...
Running annual arithmetic average, computed quarterly, of quarterly arithmetic averages of all
samples collected.
• If annual arithmetic average of quarterly averages covering any consecutive 4-quarter period
exceeds the MCL, then the system is in violation.
• The system must notify the public and report to the state if in violation.
• If an annual average exceeds the MCL and the system is pn reduced monitoring, it must revert to
routine monitoring immediately.
Running annual arithmetic average, computed quarterly, of quarterly averages of all samples
collected. '--..•
• If annual arithmetic average of quarterly averages covering any consecutive 4-quarter period
exceeds the MRDL, then the system is in violation.
• The system must notify the public and report to the state if in violation.
• If system switches between chlorine and chldramines for residual disinfection during the year,
compliance must be determined by including together all monitoring results of both chlorine and
chloramines.
NOTES:
1. Where compliance is based on a running annual average of monthly or quarterly samples or averages and the
system's failure to monitor makes it impossible to determine compliance with the MCLs or MRDLs, this failure to
monitor will be treated as a violation for the entire period covered by the annual average.
2. All samples taken and analyzed under the provisions of the monitoring plan must be included in determining
compliance, even if that number is greater than the minimum required.
3. If duringthe first year of monitoring, any individual quarter's average will cause the running annual average of
that system to exceed the MCL, the system is out of compliance at the end of that quarter.
Wliat do I have to REPORT to the State under the Stage 1 DBPR?
Chemical
TTHM and
HAAS
Chlorine and
Chloramines
What must be reported '
If conducting routine or reduced monitoring:
Number of samples taken during last quarter
Location, date, result of each sample taken during last quarter
Arithmetic average of all samples taken in last quarter
Annual arithmetic average of quarterly averages for last 4 quarters ,
Whether MCL was exceeded (Report violation of the MCL) . .
Number of samples taken during each month of last quarter
Monthly arithmetic average of all samples taken in each month
Arithmetic average of all monthly averages for last 12 months
Whether MRDL was exceeded (Report violation of MRDL)
NOTES:
1. Systems required to sample quarterly or more frequently must report to the state within 10 days after the end of
each quarter in which samples were collected.
Page 16
-------
(Attachment 1) I operate a surface water system or.ground water system under the direct influence of
surface'waterthatserves atleast 10,000 people. ..-'• -.;'.
TTHlVts<% HAAS.Mpnitpring Requirements for SubpartH Systems Serving £10,000 Persons
Subpart H systems serving 2 i 0,000 persons
Routine Monitoring
4 TTHM/HAA5 samples per quarter per treatment
plants '
Is the sum. of
quarterly averages
taken so .far
fprTTHMs
0.320 or for HAAS
> 0.240?
Has system
monitored for at
least 1 year?
Is running
annual average4
(computed quarterly) for
TTHM > 0.080 mg/L or
HAAS > 0.060 mg/L?
source watetavg.
TOG f 4.0 mg/L
AND
are annual averages for
TTHM £ 0.040 mg/L or
HAAS i 0.030 mg/L?
Reduced Monitoring
1 TTHM/HAA5 sample per treatment plant per quarter in
distribution system at location reflecting maximum
residence time
Is
annual avg. of all samples
-for TTHMs > 0.060 mg/L or
HAAS > 0.045 mg/L?
NOTES .-/•'. ..--.-'' -• '" .-'-... . ..•••- '"•.-'.'
13 sarnples reflect ave.rage residence time.and 1 sample reflects maximum residence time (at least 25% of samples must reflect maximum
residence time). : - • , L . .
2 If PWS fails to complete 4 consecutive quarters of monitoring, compliance with the MCL for the last 4 quarter period must be based on
average of available data. . , . . _ . . . ....
Page 17
-------
(Attachment 1) I operate a surface -water system or ground water system under the direct influence of
surface water that serves at least 10,000 people...
Monitoring Requirements for Chlorine and Chloramine
CHLORINE
System must measure
chlorine in distribution
system at same location and
time as total colifbrm.
Are you. a
CWS or NTNCWS using
chlorine orchloramine?
System must measure
chloramine in distribution
system at same location and
time as total coliform.
System is in compliance and
continues routine monitoring
NOTES . \ -
1, Notwithstanding the MRDLsfor chlorine and cnloramtnes, systems may Increase residual disinfectant levels of
chtorfne or chtoramf nes In the distribution system to a level and for a time necessary to protect publich health to address
specific microbiological contamination problems. . . , ' '
2. If system switches between use of chlorine andchloramlnes, compliance must be determined by including together
afl monitoring results of both chlorine and chtoramlnas En calculating compliance, . .
3, Running annual average Is first calculated after first 12 months of monitoring. . , :
Page 18
-------
Attachment 2 - Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule Requirements
1operate'asurf"ace water' system or ground water system
under the direct influence of surface water that serves
500to9,999] peopler...
Page 19
-------
(Attachment 2) I operate a surface water system or ground water system under the direct influence of
surface water that serves 500 to 9,999 people...
You must conduct the monitoring, compliance determinations, reporting -, and recordkeeping specified ,in
this section. In addition, you are required to conduct additional monitoring, compliance determinations,
reporting and recordkeeping if you meet either of the following criteria:
• You use chlorine dioxide in treating your water. This includes any use of chlorine dioxide, not just
chlorine dioxide used for meeting disinfection requirements. Additional requirements are found in
Attachment 6.
• You use ozone in treating your water. This includes any use of ozone, not just ozone used for meeting
disinfection requirements. Additional requirements are found in Attachment 7.
• You operate a treatment plant that uses conventional filtration treatment. Additional requirements are
found in Attachment 8. ,
In addition, you must develop and implement a monitoring plan that specifies 1) location and schedules
for collecting all required samples, 2) procedures for calculating compliance with MCLs, MRDLs, and
treatment techniques, and 3) if receiving water as a consecutive system, or supplying water to a
consecutive system, how the entire distribution system is represented. For systems serving more than
3,300 people the monitoring plan must be submitted to the state. .•
Page 20
-------
(Attachment 2) I operate a surface water system or ground water system under the direct influence of
surface water that serves 500 to 9,999 people...
What ROUTINE MONITORING must I conduct under the Stage 1 DBPR?
Chemical
TTHMand
HAA5
Chlorine and
Chlbramines
Frequency
One sample per plant per
quarter
Same time as total
coliform samples are
taken
-•"•:' Where monitoring must be conducted
Location representing maximum residence time.
Same points as total cpliform samples are taken. ^
NOTES
1. If a system elects to sample more frequently than the minimum required, at least 25% of all samples collected
each quarter (including those taken in excess of the required frequency) must be taken at locations that represent the
maximum residence time of the water in the distribution'system. The remaining samples must be taken at locations
representative of at least average residence time in the entire distribution system (account for number of people
served, different sources of water, different treatment methods)
What SEDUCED MONITORING may I conduct under the Stage! DBPR?
Chemical
TTHMand
HAAS .:---.
Chlorine and
Chloramines
Frequency
One sample perplant
per year during month
of warmest temperature
No reduced monitoring
.Where monito ring must
be conducted
In the distribution system at a
location representing maximum
residence tune.
NA ' • •--.': '
Conditions for reduced monitoring
• Source water annual average TOC before
any treatment < 4.0 mg/L and
• Annual average TTHMs 0.040 fng/L and
• Annual average HAA5 <; 0.030 mg/L
NA' ' - - '•"".:•; - : •-." -.•'-• '
Page.21"
-------
(Attachment 2) I operate a surface water system or ground water system under the direct influence of
surface waterthat serves 500to 9,999 people..'.
How do I DETERMINE IF MY SYSTEM IS IN COMPLIANCE with the MCLs and MRDLs in the Stage 1
DBPR?
Chemical
TTHM and
HAAS
Chlorine and
Chlorai nines
Compliance is based on...
Running annual arithmetic average, computed quarterly, of quarterly arithmetic averages of all
samples collected (routine monitoring).
• If annual arithmetic average of quarterly averages covering any consecutive 4-quarter period exceeds the
MCL, then the system is in violation. . ..'.-.
• The system must notify the public and report to the state if in violation.
• If an annual average exceeds the MCL and the system is on reduced monitoring, it ftrast revert to routine
monitoring immediately.
Running annual arithmetic average, computed quarterly, of quarterly averages of all samples collected
• If annual arithmetic average of quarterly averages covering any consecutive 4-quarter period exceeds the
MRDL, then the system is in violation.
• The system must notify the public and report to the state if in violation.
• If system switches between chlorine and chlorarnines for residual disinfection during the year, compliance
must be determined by including together all monitoring results of both chlorine and.chlorarnines.
NOTES:
1. Where compliance is based on a running annual average of monthly or quarterly samples or averages and the
system's failure to monitor makes it impossible to determine compliance with the MCLs or MRDLs, this failure to
monitor will be treated as a violation for the entire period covered by the annual average.
2. All samples taken and analyzed under the provisions of the monitoring plan must be included in determining
compliance, even if that number is greater than the minimum required.
3. If during the first year of monitoring,, any individual quarter's average will cause the running annual average of
that system to exceed the MCL, the system is out of compliance at the end of that quarter.
What do I have to REPORT to the State under the Stage 1 DBPR?
Chemical
TTHM and HAAS
Chlorine and Chlorarnines
What must be reported
• Number of samples taken during last quarter (routine monitoring)
• Location, date, result of each sample taken during last quarter
• Arithmetic average of all samples taken in last quarter
• Annual arithmetic average of quarterly averages for last 4 quarters
• Whether MCL was exceeded
If conducting reduced monitoring:
• Number of samples taken during last year
• Location, date, result of each sample taken during last year
• Arithmetic average of all samples taken over last year
• Whether MCL was exceeded
• Number of samples taken during each month of last quarter
• Monthly arithmetic average of all samples taken in each month
• Arithmetic average of all monthly averages for last 12 months
• Whether MRDL was exceeded
NOTES:
1. Systems required to sample quarterly or more frequently must report to the state within 10 days after the end of
each quarter in which samples were collected. •
2. Systems required to sample less frequently than quarterly must report to the state within 10 days after the end of
each monitoring period in which samples were collected. The state.may choose to perform calculations and
determine whether the MCL, MRDL, or treatment technique was met in lieu of having the system report that
information.
Page 22
-------
(Attachment 2) I operate a surface water system of ground water system under the direct influence of
surface water that serves 500 to 9,999 people >..
TTHM & HAAS-Mpnitoring for Subpart H Systems Serving Between 500-9,999 Persons
Subpart H systems serving between 500-9,999 persons
Routine Monitoring
1 TTHM/HAA5 sample per quarter per treatment
plant at location representing the maximum;
residence time'. , : ..
Isitnesum of
quarterlyaverages-
taken so far
for TTHMs
.320 or for HAASs
> 0.240?
Has system
monitored for at
least 1 year?
Is the running
annual average?for
TTHM > 0.080 mg/L or
HAA5 > 0.060 mg/L?
Is source
water TOCann. ayg. •$ 4.0 mg/L
AND
are annual averages for
TtHM~<; 0.040 mg/L or
HAAS £ 0.030 mg/L?
Reduced Monitoring
1 sample per treatment plant per year in the distribution system .
reflecting the maximum residence'time and during month of warmest
.'..• watertemperature. --"-;•
Is the system's annual avg. of all .samples3 for
TTHMs > O.OgO mg/L or HAAS > 0.045,mg/L?
YES
NO
.NOTES' ';.... •/-• , • '. •:.. .• -. . -.-- """."'• .'." ' . •" • ' ~. • ' .-.'.,'••.:.',.. ' .
11f more thanl sample,at least 25% of samples must reflect max residence time. . "." . " .'•:.'. ; r ;
2 If PWS fails to complete 4, consecutive quarters of monitoring, compliance with the MCL for the Iasi4 quarter period must be based on
average of available data. • •-.'.... _ ... . .
3 Average of all samples taken in the year or the result of the sample for systems which must monitor no more frequently than annually.
Page 23
-------
(Attachment 2) I operate a surface water system or ground water system under the direct influence of
surface water that serves 500 to 9,999 people...
Monitoring Requirements for Chlorine and Chlpramine
CHLORINE
System must measure
chlorine in distribution
system at same location and
time as total coliforrn.
System must measure
chloramine in distribution
system at same location and
time.as total coliform.
Is the running
annual average of monthly
averages, computed
, s4.0 mg/1?
System is in compliance and
continues routine monitoring
NOTES
1. Notwithstanding the MRDLsfcr chlorine and chloramlnes, systems may Increase residual disinfectant levels of
chlorine or chloramlnes En the distribution system to a level and for a time necessary to protect publich health to address'
specific microbiological contamination problems. . .
2, If system switches between use of chlorine and chloramines, compliance must be determined by Including together
aN monitoring results of both chlorine and chloramlnes En calculating compliance.
3, Running annual average te first calculated after first 12 months of monitoring.
Page 24
-------
Attachment 3 - Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule Requirements
I operate a surface water system or ground water system
under the direct influent
fewer than 500 people...
Page 25
-------
(Attachment 3) I operate a surface water system or ground water system under the direct influence of
surface water that serves fewer than 500 people...
You must conduct the monitoring, compliance determinations, reporting., and recordkeeping specified in
this section. In addition, you are required to conduct additional monitoring, compliance determinations,
reporting and recordkeeping if you meet either of the following criteria:
• You use chlorine dioxide in treating your water. This includes any use of chlorine dioxide, not just
chlorine dioxide used for meeting disinfection requirements. Additional requirements are found in
Attachment 6. ,
• You use ozone in treating your water. This includes any use of ozone, not just ozone used for meeting
disinfection requirements. Additional requirements are found in Attachment 7.
• You operate a treatment plant that uses conventional filtration treatment. Additional requirements are
found in Attachment 8.
In addition, you must develop and implement a monitoring plan that specifies 1) location and schedules
for collecting all required samples, 2) procedures for calculating compliance with MCLs, MKDLs, and
treatment techniques, and 3) if receiving water as a consecutive system, or supplying water to a
consecutive system, how the entire distribution system is represented. The monitoring plan must be kept
on hand and readily available to the state and public.
Page 26
-------
(Attachment 3) I operate a surface water system Or ground water system Under the direct influence of
surface water that serves fewer than 500 people...
What ROUTINE MONITORING must I conduct under the Stage 1DBPR?
Chemical
TTHMand,HAA5
•
Chlorine and Chloramines
Frequency ,
'•-.". "• " - '•."'• ' -:
• Onfe sample per plant per year during.month of
Warmest water temperature - if MCL is .exceeded
in -yearly sample, system goes to increased :
monitoring of 1 sample per plant per quarter
Same time as total coliform samples are taken
'-''•- - " . .
Where monitoring must be
conducted
Location representing maximum
residence time.
Same points as, total coliform samples .
are taken.
NOTES
1. The system may revert to annual monitoring if the annual average is i 40/30 based on at least four; quarters of
monitoring. , •"....'
,2. If a system..elects to sample more frequently than the minimum required, at least 25% of all samples collected
each quarter (including those taken in excess of the required frequency) must be taken at locations that represent the
maximum residence time of the water in the distribution system. The remaining samples must be taken at locations
representative of aHeast average residence time in the distribution system; .
What REDUCED MONITORING may I conduct under the Stage 1DBPR?
Chemical
TTHM and
HAA5
Chlorine and.
Ghloramines
Frequency
No reduced monitoring ,
No reduced monitoring
Where monitoring must be
conducted
NA •" •'•: "., ;
NA
•
Conditions for reduced
monitoring
NA
NA . . -- : • .
Page 27
-------
(Attachment 3) I operate a surface water system or ground water system under the direct influence of
surface water that serves fewer than 500 people...
How
-------
(Attachment 3) I operate a surface water system or ground water system under the direct influence of
surface water that serves fewer than 500 people...
TTHM & HAAS Monitoring for Subpart H Systems Serving <500 persons
Suppart'H systems serving <500'persons
z
Routine Monitoring
1 TTHM/HAA5 sample per treatment plant p/sr.
year at location reflecting maximum residence
time and in.morith of warmest water temperature..
Is the.sample
or the average of all sampl
taken)for
HM > 0.080 mg/L or HAA
> 0.060 mg/L?
"'":. Increased Monitoring
1 TTHM/HAA5 sample/treatment plant/quarter @ points
reflecting the maximum residence time In the. .
- distribution system.
Is the sum of
quarterly averages
taken so far
forTTHMs.
0.320 or for HAA
> 0.240?
Has system
monitored for at
least 1 year?
l.s the system's annual
average, based on 4 quarters of
monitoring, for TTHM i 0.060 mg/L
and HAAS & 0.045 mg/L?
Is the average
of ail samples for
TTHM > 0.080 mg/L or
HAA5 > 0.060 mg/L?
NOTES
1) If a.system elects to sample more frequently than the mlnlmumreciujred, at least 25 percent of all samples collected each quarter (Including those taken
in excess of the required frequency) must 05 taken at locations that represent the maximum residence time of the water in the distribution system. The
remaining samples must betaken at locations representative of at least average residence time in the distribution system
Page 29
-------
(Attachment 3) I operate a surface water system or ground water system under the direct influence of
surface water that serves feiver than 500people...
Monitoring Requirements for Chlorine and Chloramine
CHLORINE
System must measure
chlorine In distribution
system at same location and
time as total cotiform.
System must measure
chloramine in distribution
system at same location and
time as total coliform.
System is in compliance and
continues routine monitoring
1. Notwithstanding the MRDLs for chlorine and chlora mines, systems may increase residual disinfectant levels of
chtorino or chtoraminos in the distribution system to a level and for a time necessary to protect publich health to address
specific microbiological contamination problems. • ' ,
2, tf system switches between use of chlorine and chloramines, compliance must be determined by including together
att monitoring results of both chlorine and chloramines in calculating compliance. .= "
3. Running annual average Is first calculated after first 12 months of monitoring.
Page 30
-------
Attachment 4 - Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule Requirements
I operate a ground water system not under the direct
influence of surface water that serves at least 10>000
people .;.:•- •.-'-. -:: '•'-.. •: /-.. .'•. ,\ ;;-•';. :,v • •,'•:, . : ^ ' • .
PagaSl
-------
(Attachment 4) I operate a ground water system not under the direct influence of surface water that
serves at least 10,000 people...
You must conduct the monitoring, compliance determinations, reporting , and recordkeeping specified in
this section. In addition, you are required to conduct additional monitoring, compliance determinations,
reporting and recordkeeping if you meet either of the following criteria:
• You use chlorine dioxide in treating your water. This includes any use of chlorine dioxide, not just
chlorine dioxide used for meeting disinfection requirements. Additional requirements are found in
Attachment 6.
• You use ozone in treating your water. This includes any use of ozone, not just ozone used for meeting
disinfection requirements. Additional requirements are found in Attachment 7.
In addition, you must develop and implement a monitoring plan that specifies 1) location and schedules
for collecting all required samples, 2) procedures for calculating compliance with MCLs and MRDLs,
and 3) if receiving water as a consecutive system, or supplying water to a consecutive system, how the
entire distribution system is represented. The monitoring plan must be kept for review by the state and
public.
Page 32 .
-------
(Attachment 4) I operate a ground water system not under the direct influence of surface water that
serves at least 10,000people...
What ROUTINE MONITORING must I conduct under the Stage 1 DBJPR?
Chemical
TTHMand
HAAS
Chlorine and
Chloramines
Frequency
One sample per plant per
quarter ;
Same time as total
cpliform samples are
taken
Where monitoring must be conducted
Location representing maximum residence time.
- . " ' :• . ". - " - " " - " • . '
Same points as total colifofm samples are taken. •
• r . . • . /' - .. ;'--'- ' • •
NOTES:
1. Multiple wells drawing water from a single aquifer may be considered one treatment plant for determining the
minimum numb.er of samples required,; with state approval. , ;
2. If ajsystem elects to sample more frequently.than the minimum required, at least 25% of all samples collected
each quarter (including those taken in excess of the required frequency) must be taken at locations that represent the
maximum residence time of the water in the distribution system. The remaining samples must be taken at locations
representative Of at least.average residence time in the distribution system.
What REDUCED MONITORING may I conduct under the Stage 1 DBPR?
Chemical
TTHMand
HAA5 :
Chlorine and
Chloramines
Frequency
One sample per plant per
year during month of
warmest water temperature
No reduced monitoring
Where monitoring must
be conducted
Location representative of
maximum residence time
NA •'.'.-• - '•• ": ,.
Conditions for reduced monitoring
• Annual average TTHM s 0.040 rng/L and
• Annual average HAA5 ^ 0.030 mg/L
NA : ; : . ' ; ' - ..-- -••'•';
Page 33
-------
(Attachment 4) I operate a ground water system not under the direct influence of surface water that
serves at least 10,000 people...
How do I DETERMINE IF MY SYSTEM IS IN COMPLIANCE with the AfCts and MJRDLs of the Stage I
DBPR?
Chemical
TTHM and
HAAS
Chlorine and
Chloramines
Compliance is based on...
Running annual arithmetic average, computed quarterly, of quarterly arithmetic averages of all
samples collected.
• If annual arithmetic average of quarterly averages covering any consecutive 4-quarter, period exceeds the
MCL, then the system is in violation.
• The system must notify the public and report to the state if in violation.
• If an annual average exceeds the MCL and the system is on reduced monitoring, it must revert to routine
monitoring immediately. •
Running annual arithmetic average, computed quarterly, of quarterly averages of all samples collected
• If annual arithmetic average of quarterly averages covering any consecutive ^quarter period exceeds the
MRDL, then the system is in violation. ,
• The system must notify the public and report to the state if in violation. ' - . '
• If system switches between chlorine and chloramines for residual disinfection during the year, compliance
must be determined by including together all monitoring results of both chlorine and chloramines.
NOTES:
1. Where compliance is based on a running annual average of monthly or quarterly samples or averages and the
system's failure to monitor makes it impossible to determine compliance with the MCLs or MRDLs, this Failure to
monitor will be treated as'a violation.for the entire period covered by the annual average.
2. All samples taken and analyzed under the provisions of the monitoring plan must be included in determining
compliance, even if that number is greater than the minimum required.
3. If during the first year of monitoring, any individual quarter's average will cause the running annual average of
that system to exceed the MCL, the system is out of compliance at the end of that quarter.
Wliat do I have to REPORT to the State under the Stage 1 DBPR?
Chemical
TTHM and
HAAS
Chlorine and
Chloramines
What must be reported
' Number of samples taken during last quarter
• Location, date, result of each sample taken during last quarter :
• Arithmetic average of all samples taken during last quarter
• Annual arithmetic average of quarterly arithmetic average for last 4 quarters
• Whether MCL was exceeded
If conducting reduced monitoring:
• Number of samples taken during last year
• Location, date, result of each sample taken during last year
• Arithmetic average of all samples taken over last year
• Whether MCL was exceeded
• Number of samples taken during each month of last quarter
• Monthly arithmetic average of all samples taken in each month
• Arithmetic average of all monthly averages for last 12 months
• Whether MRDL was exceeded ,
NOTES:
1. Systems required to sample quarterly or more frequently must report to the state within 10 days after the end of
each quarter in which samples were collected.
2. Systems required to sample less frequently than quarterly must report to the state within 10 days after the end of
each monitoring period in which samples were collected. The state may choose to perform calculations and
determine whether the MCL, MRDL, or treatment technique was met in lieu of having the system report that
information.
Page 34
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(Attachment 4) I operate a ground water system not under the direct influence of surface water that
.serves at least 10,000people... : ,
TTHM & HAAS Monitoring for Ground Water Systems Serving i 10,000 Persons
Ground water systems serving z 10,000 persons
Routine Monitoring
1 TTHM/HAA5 sample per quarter per
treatment plant1'2
Is the sum of
quarterly averages
taken so far
forTTHMs
.320 or for H
> 0.240?
Has system
monitored for at
least 1 year?
Is 1he running
annual average (computed
quarterly)3 for
TTHM > 0.080 mg/L or
AA5 > 0.060 mg/LJ
Is the system's TTHM annual
avg. sO.040 mg/L and
HAAS annual ayg.sO.030 mg/L?
. - ••'•'. Reduced Monitoring
1 TTHM/HAA5 sample per year per treatment plant in distribution
system location reflecting the maximum residence time and '
during month of warmest water temperature.
Is the system's .
annual avg. of all samples-1 for
TTHM > 0.060 mg/L or
HAAS > 0.045 mg/L?
YES
NO
NOTES • •.•-•;•• • - _. :_ _.. ..--... ...-.- .:_-..
..1)lfmorethan1 sample is taken, 25% must reflect maximum residence time. : "-..'''..,.' '•' . • '_' ,
2)Multiple.wellsdrawingwaterfromasiri^leaquifermaybeconsideredonetreatmentplant. . - -
.3) If PWS fails.to complete 4;conSeGulive. quarters.of monitoring, compliance vyith the MCL for the last 4 quarter period must be based on
average of available data. '. ;.."-. .- ... ... ' . . .. '•.-'.' '"",-.
4) Average of all samples taken in.the year brjhe. result of the sample for systems which must monitor no more frequently than annually.
Page 35
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(Attachment 4) I operate a ground water system not under the direct influence of surface water that
serves at least 10,000people...
Monitoring Requirements for Chlorine and Chloramme
Are you a ,
CWS or NTNCWS using
chlorine orchloramine?:
System must measure
chlorine in distribution
system at same location and
time as total coliform.
System must measure
chloramine in distribution
system at same location and
time as total coliform.
notify state and public.
Did system
measure
chlorine with
total coliform?
did system
measure
chloramines with
tal coliform
Is the running
annual average of monthly
averages, computed
uarteriy, s4.0 mg/T?1*
System is in compliance and
continues routine monitoring
NOTES , ' , ,
1. Notwithstanding the MRDLsfor chlorine and chloramines, systems may increase residual disinfectant levels of
chlorine or chloramines In the distribution system to a level and for a time necessary to protect publich health to address
specific microbiological contamination problems. ' • . '
2, If system switches between use of chlorine and chloramines, compliance must be determined by including together
alt monitoring results of both chlorine and chloramines in calculating compliance. : ,
3, Running annual average is first calculated afterfirst 12 months of monitoring^ -
Page36
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Attachment 5 - Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule Requirements
I operate a ground water system not under the direct
influenceof* surface^ ^a^r^^r serves
people...
Page 37 ;
-------
(Attachment 5) I operate a ground water system not under the direct influence of surface water that
serves fewer than 10,000 people...
You must conduct the monitoring, compliance determinations, reporting ,-- and recordkeeping specified in
this section. In addition, you are required to conduct additional monitoring, compliance determinations,
reporting and recordkeeping if you meet either of the following criteria:
• You use chlorine dioxide in treating your water. This includes any use of chlorine dioxide, hot just
chlorine dioxide used for meeting disinfection requirements. Additional requirements are found in
Attachment 6.
• You use ozone in treating your water. This includes any use of ozone, not just ozone used for meeting
disinfection requirements. Additional requirements are found in Attachment 7. .
In addition, you must develop and implement a monitoring plan that specifies 1) location and schedules
for collecting all required samples, 2) procedures for calculating compliance with MCLs, MRDLs, and
treatment techniques, and 3) if receiving water as a consecutive system, or supplying water to a
consecutive system, how the entire distribution system is represented. The monitoring plan must be
made available for review by the state and public.
Page 38
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(Attachment5) I operate a ground water system not under the direct Influence of surface water that
serves fewer than 10,000 people...
JfTtaf ROUTINE MONITORING must I conduct under the Stage 1DBPR?
Chemical
TTHMand
HAAS
Chlorine and
Ciloramines
Frequency
One sample per plant per
year during month of
warmest water
temperature
.-. Same time as total
coliform samples are
taken
Where monitoring must be conducted
Location representing maximum residence time.
• - ~ -
Same points as total coliform samples are taken.
NOTES:
1. Multiple wells drawing water from a single aquifer may be considered one treatment plant for determining the
rninimum number of samples required, with state approval.
2. If a system elects to sample more frequently than the'miriimum required, at least 25% of all samples collected
each quarter (including those taken in excess of the required frequency) must be taken at locations that represent the
maximum residence time of the water in the distribution system. The remaining samples must be taken at locations
representative of at least average residence time in the distribution system. ,
What REDUCEft MONITORING may Iconduct under the Stage! DBPR?
Chemical
TTHMand
HAAS
Chlorine and
Chloramines
Frequency
One sample per plant per
3-year cycle during
month of warmest water
temperature
No reduced monitoring
Where monitoring must
be conducted
Location representative
of maximum residence
time.
NA --•'-.- ;'
Conditions for reduced monitoring
• Annual average TTHM <, 0.040 mg/L &
annual average HAAS <. 0.030 mg/L for 2
consecutive years; OR
• Annual average TTHM <; 0.020 mg/L &
annual average HAAS <. 0.015 mg/L for 1 year
-NA ; -" • • ' •
Page 39
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(Attachment 5) I operate a ground water system not under the direct influence of surface water that
serves fewer than 10,000 people...
How do I DETERMINE IF MY SYSTEM IS IN COMPLIANCE with the MCLsandMRDLs of the. Stage 1
DBPR?
Chemical
TTHM and
HAAS
Chlorine and
Chloramines
Compliance is based on...
Average of samples taken in the year.
• If the average of these samples exceeds the MCL, the system must increase monitoring to once per quarter
per treatment plant.
• The system must notify the public and report to the state if in violation,
• If an annual average exceeds the MCL and the system is on reduced monitoring, it must go to increased
monitoring immediately. If a system on increased monitoring exceeds the MCL, it is in violation.
Running annual arithmetic average, computed quarterly, of quarterly averages of all samples collected
• If annual arithmetic average of quarterly averages covering any consecutive 4-quarter period exceeds the
MRDL, then the system is in violation. • • ' • -
• The system must notify the public and report to the state if in violation. .
• If system switches between chlorine and chloramines for residual disinfection during the year, compliance
must be determined by including together all monitoring results of both chlorine and chloramines.
NOTES:
1. Where compliance is based on a running annual average of monthly or quarterly samples or averages and the
system's failure to monitor makes it impossible to determine compliance with the MCLs Or MRDLs, this failure to
monitor will be treated as a violation for the entire period covered by the annual average.
2. AH samples taken and analyzed under the provisions of the monitoring plan must be included in determining
compliance, even if that number is greater than the minimum required.
3. If during the first year of monitoring, any individual quarter's average will cause the running annual average of
that system to exceed the MCL, the system is out of compliance at the end of that quarter.
What do I have to REPORT to the State under the Stage 1 DBPR?
Chemical
TTHM and
HAAS
Chlorine and
Chloramines
What must be reported
• Number of samples taken during last year .
• Location, date, result of each sample taken during last year
• Arithmetic average of all samples taken over last year . • '
• Whether MCL was exceeded
If conducting reduced monitoring:
• Location, date, result of last sample taken
• Whether MCL was exceeded
• Number of samples taken during each month of last quarter
• Monthly arithmetic average of all samples taken in each month
• Arithmetic average of all monthly averages for .last J2 months .
• Whether MRDL was exceeded
NOTES: . , • ;
1. Systems required to sample quarterly or more frequently must report to the state within 10 days after the end of
each quarter in which samples were collected. •
2. Systems required to sample less frequently than quarterly must report to the state within 10 days after the end of
each monitoring period in which samples were collected. The state may choose to perform calculations and
determine whether the MCL, MRDL, or treatment technique was met in lieu'of having the system report that
information. . , •
Page 40
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(Attachment 5) I operate a ground water system not under the direct influence of surface water that
serves fewer than 10,000 people...
TTHM & HAAS Monitoring for Ground Water Systems Serving < 10,000 Persons
Ground water systems serving< 10,000 parsons
Routine Monitoring _
1 TTHM/HAA5 sample per treatment plant per year at
locations reflecting the maximum residence time
during month ofwarmesf water temperature1 -.
Is TTHM an
i. zO.040 mg/L and HAAS aiinu;
0.030.mg/L for 2 consecutive y
. ". .OR
TTHM annual avg. sO.020 mg/L and HAAS
annual avg. sO.015 mg/L
for 1 year?
for TTHM > 0.080 mg/L
HAAS > 0.060
Increased Monitonng
1 TTHM/HAA5 sample per treatment plant per quarter
at points reflecting the maximum residence time in
the distribution system.
Is the sum of
quarterly averages
taken so far
forTTHMs
0.320 or for HAA5
> 0.240?
Reduced Monitoring
1TTHM/HAA5. sample*
per treatment plant per 3
. year monitoring cycle3
Has system
monitored for at
least i year?
. Is the
annual avg. for
.TTHM < 0.060
mg/L and HAAS
0.045 mg/L?
Is the average
of all t samples4 for
TTHM > 0.080 mg/L or
> 0.060 mg/L?
s the system's
annual avg. for TTHM
£0.060 mg/L and
sp.045mn/L
Is the.annual
average for TTHM
>0.080mg/Lor
HAAS >0,0.60
mg/L?
NOTES .'.••"• '.••".' .. '.-'".'- ' • ' . ... '
1) If a system elects to sample more frequently than the minimum required, at leases percent of all samples collected each quarter (including those' taken in
excess of the required frequency) must be taken at locations that represent tAa maxtmunuesidence" time ofthe water in the distribution system.' The'
remaining samples must be taken at locations representative of af least average residence time in the distribution system. -
2)SampIes mustbetakendun'ngmonthof^armestwatertemperalureaflocatEon representing the maximum residence time." "" ' .
3} 3 year cycle begins on January'1 following the quarter In which system qualifies for reduced monitoring. • ...
4) If PWS fails to complete 4 consecutive quarters pf monitoring, compliance with the MCL for the last 4 quarter period mustbebasedon average of
available data. . . '.-,•'• . ' . ' " ' , . ' . .•
Page 41
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(Attachment 5) I operate a ground water system not under the direct influence of surface water that
serves fewer than 10,000 people.
Monitoring Requirements for Chlorine and Chloraminc
CHLORINE
System must measure
chlorine in distribution
system at same location and
time as total colifbrm.
Systeni must measure
chloramine in distribution
system at same location and
time as total coliform.
Is the running
annual average of monthly
averages, computed
arteriy. s4.0 mg/1?1^
System is in compliance and
continues routine monitoring
NOTES
1. Notwithstanding the MRDLsfor chlorine and chloramines, systems may Increase residual disinfectant levels of
chtoflno or chloraminas In the distribution system to a level and for a time necessary to protect publich health to address
specific microbiological contamination problems. .
2. If system switches between Use of chlorine and chloramines, .compliance mjjs,t be determined by Including together
all monitoring results of both chlorine and chloramtnes In calculating compliance. .' . .
3. Running annual average is first calculated after first 12 months of monitoring. .
Page 42
-------
Attachment- 6 - Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule Requirements
I operate a treatment plant that uses chlorine dioxide.
Page 43
-------
(Attachment 6) I operate a treatment plant that uses chlorine dioxide...
What ROUTINE MONITORING must I conduct under the Stage 1DBPR?
Chemical
Chlorite
Chlorine
Dioxide
Frequency
Daily
One 3-sample set per
month
Additional: On any day
following any daily sample
that exceeds 1 .0 mg/L,
system must take 3
samples
Daily
Additional: For any daily
sample that exceeds the
MRDL, system must take 3
samples
. Where monitoring must be conducted
Entrance to the distribution system.
Near first customer, location representative of average residence time, location
representative of maximum residence time in distribution system.
Near first customer, location representative of average residence time, location
representative of maximum residence time in distribution system. The system
may use results to meet monthly 3-sample set monitoring requirement if the
monthly 3-sample set has not yet been taken.
Entrance to the distribution system.
• For chlorine dioxide, chloramines, or chlorine used to maintain disinfectant
residual and NO booster chloririation: all samples as close as possible to
first customer at intervals of at least 6 hours
• If chlorine is used to maintain disinfectant residual AND booster
chlorinatipn: as close as possible to first customer, location representative of
average residence time, as close as possible to end of distribution system
NOTES:
1. Not required for transient noncommunity water systems
Wliat REDUCED MONITORING may I conduct under the Stage 1 DBPR?
Chemical
Chlorite
(daily)
Chlorite
(monthly)
Chlorine
Dioxide
Frequency
No reduced monitoring
One 3-sample set per
quarter
No reduced monitoring
Where monitoring must be
conducted
NA
Near first customer, location
representative of average residence
time, location representative of
maximum residence time in
distribution system.
NA
Conditions for reduced
monitoring
NA .' ".
• No daily sample has exceeded the
MCL
• No additional monitoring has been
required
• No quarterly sample exceeds the
MCL
NA -
NOTES:
1. Not required for transient noncomrnunity water systems
Page 44
-------
(Attachment 6) 1 operate a treatment plant that uses chlorine dioxide *..
How do /DETERMINE IF MY SYSTEM IS IN COMPLIANCE with the MCLsandMRDLs of theStage 1
DBPR? '.:-•'•'' .---:•- ' -•'.•• V:-'-::' .'• •-'.''' :-/' '--•..>'-'- "-•'-:,'-',. .'-''••
Chemical'
Compliance 5s based on
Chlorite
Average of 3-sample sets. t ' ,
• If arithmetic average of any 3-sample set in the month exceeds the MCL, the system is in violation.
• The system must notify the public and report to the state if in Violation.
Chlorine
Dioxide-
Acute Violation
Consecutive daily samples collected. '•-,'-.' •_'- • ;
• If any daily sample taken at entrance to distribution system exceeds 0.8 mg/L, and on the following
day 1 or more of the 3 samples taken in the distribution system exceeds 0.8 mg/L, the system is in
acute violation. ,
• The system must take immediate corrective action to lower the level of chlorine dioxide below 0,8
mg/L, notify the public and report to the state. : ,
• Failure to take; samples in the distribution system following an exceedance of the MRDL at the .
entrance to the distribution system is also an acute violation. System must notify public of acute
violation.
Chlorine
Dioxide—
Nonacute
Violation
Consecutive daily samples collected.
• If any two consecutive daily samples taken at entrance to distribution system .exceed 0.8 mg/L, and all
distribution system samples are below 0.8 mg/L, the system is in noiiacute violation.
• The system must take immediate corrective action to lower the level of chlorine dioxide belowO.8
mg/L, notify the public and report to the state.
• Failure to take samples at the distribution system entrance following an exceedance of the MRDL is
also a violation. System must notify public of nonacute violation.
What do I have to REPORT to the State under the Stage 1 DBPR?
Chemical
Chlorite
Chlorine
Dioxide
What must be reported
• Number of samples taken each month for last 3 months
• Location, date, result of each sample taken during last quarter
• For each month in the reporting period, the arithmetic average of all samples taken in the month
• Whether MCL was exceed based on 3-sample set average and in which month it was exceeded.
• Dates, results, locations of samples taken during last quarter .
• Whether MRDL was exceeded
• Whether MRDL was exceeded in any two consecutive daily samples and whether resulting violation was
acute or nonacute
NOTES:
1. Systems required to sample quarterly or more frequently must report to the state within ,10 days after the end of
each quarter in which samples were collected. -
Page, 45
-------
(Attachment 6) I operate a treatment plant that uses chlorine dioxide...
Chlorine Dioxide Monitoring for Systems Using Chlorine Dioxide
Is the system
a CWS, NTNCWS, or
TNCWS that uses Chlorine
Dioxide?
No monitoring requirements
for Chlorine Dioxide an
Chlorite
System must also monitor for Chlorit
(For Chlorite monitoring
requirements sea Chlorite
flow chart on next page.)
Chlorine Dioxide Monitoring
1 dally sample at the entrance
to the distribution system
On following day, 3 Chlorine Dioxld
distribution system samples in
addition to daily sample1
Is daily sample
>0.8 mg/L?
Did system
take additional samples in
distribution system the day
following the
exceedance?
to distribution syste
following the
exceedance?
System must take immediate
corrective action and notify
public of nonacute public
health risk.
Have 2 consecutive
daily entry point samples
exceeded 0.8 mg/L?
Is any
individual sample in
distribution system
>0.8 mg/L
A
k
Acute MRDL Violation
System must take Immediate
corrective action and notify the public
(141,32) and the State (141.134)
NOTES . .
1) If cnforIne dioxide or chloramines are used to maintain a disinfectant residual in the distribution system (DS), or if chlorine is used to
maintain a disinfectant residual In the DS and there are no disinfection addition points {i.e., no booster chlorinatton) after the entrance to the
DS, the system must take 3 samples as close to the first customer as possible, at intervals of at least every 6 hours. If chlorine is used to
maintain a disinfectant residual In the DS and (here are one ormore booster chlorihation stations, the system must take one sample as close
to tho 1st customer as possible, one in a location representative of average residence time; and one as close to the end of the distribution
system as possible, ' - , ; '
Page 46
-------
--•_ • " /--_ .-^ -. ^ "jv • • ".-•' • . ' ;- .: :-"' -' . ' -. -^ --", .- f- ••"."'.
(Attachment 6) I operate a treatment plaint that uses chlorine dioxide. ;,
Chioi-ite Mpriitpring Requirements for Systems Using Chlorine Dioxide
No monitoring requirements
for Chlorine Dioxide and
- Chlorite '""-
YES
Need to sample for Chlorine Dioxide and
Chlorite. (For Chlorine Dioxide monitoring
requirements, see Chlorine;
.Dioxide flowchart on previous page.)
Routine daily Moniiorino.
Routine monthly monitoring
3 sample set per month in the
distribution system1
Is the arithmetic
avg. of 3 sample
set>i.bmg/L? '
System must notify the public
(141-32) and the State (141.1'34)t [if on
reduced.monitoring, must revert to
routine].
Is the arithmetic
avg. of 3 sample
NO \ set>1.0mg/L?
Have al! chlorite
samples taken at the
entrance to or io the
distribution system for th
past years I.O'rhg/L?
Was system
required to conduct any
additional distribution syste
monitoring (3-sample set
following exceedance at
entrance to DS)
last year?
3 sample set per quarter
Note:
1) Th
ote: .".-.•• :_ "..." ."•'' ' •
) The system must take one sample at each of the following locations: near the first customer, at a location representative of avenage residence time and at a location
reflecting maximum residence time in the distribution system. , ' . . - , ' • -.
2) If the system has not performed the routine monthly sampling for chlorite, they can use this 3 sample set for their monthly chlorite samples.
'Page 47
-------
(Attachment 6) I operate a treatment plant that uses chlorine dioxide.
This page is left intentionally blank.
Page 48
-------
Attachment? ••• Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule Requirements
I operate a treatment plant that uses ozone.
Page 49
-------
(Attachment 7) I operate a treatment plant that uses ozone.
What ROUTINE MONITORING must I conduct under the Stage 1DBPR?
Chemical
Bromate
Bromide
Frequency
One sample per ozone
plant per month
One sample per ozone
plant per month
Where monitoring must be conducted
Entrance to the distribution system.
In source "water (only required if the system wishes to qualify for reduced
bromate monitoring).
Wttat REDUCED MONITORING may I conduct under the Stage 1 DBPR?
Chemical
Bromate
Bromide
Frequency
One sample per ozone plant
per quarter
No reduced monitoring if
wishing to conduct reduced
bromate monitoring
Where monitoring must be
conducted
Entrance to the distribution system.
NA , .
Conditions for reduced monitoring
• Annual average source water
bromide concentration < 0.05 mg/L
NA
NOTES:
1. System must resume monthly bromate monitoring if running annual average of source water bromide >0.05
mg/L. .
Page 50
-------
(Attachment 7) I operate a treatment plant that uses ozone. -;".•
How do I DETERMINE IE MY SYSTEM IS IN COMPLIANCE with the bf ornate MCL in the Stage 1 DBPR?
Chemical
Bf ornate
. - Compliance is based on ... ;
Running annual arithmetic average, computed quarterly, of monthly samples (or average of all sample
taken during the month if more than 1 sample was collected).
• If average of samples covering any consecutive 4-quarter period exceeds the MCL, the system is in
violation. . • . ..'. '•"'-. .
• The: system must notify the public and report to the state if in violation. ••.. • '
NOTES:
1. Where compliance is based on a running annual average of monthly Or quarterly samples or, averages and the .
.system's failure to monitor makes it impossible to determine compliance with the MCLs or MRDLs, this failure to
monitor will be treated as a violation for the entire period covered by the annual average.
2. All samples taken and analyzed under the provisions of the monitoring plan must be included in determining
compliance, even if that number is greater than the minimum required. ;
3. If during the first year of monitoring, any individual quarter's average will cause the running annual average of
that system to exceed the MCL, the system is out of compliance at the end of that quarter.
What do I have to REPORT to the State under the Stage1 DBPR?
Chemical
Bromate
; . What must be reported
• Number of samples taken during last quarter
• Location, date, result of each sample taken during last quarter
• Arithmetic average pf monthly arithmetic averages of all samples taken in last year ,
• Whether MCL was exceeded .' . ' , •'• .
NOTES:
:1_. Systems required to sample quarterly of more frequently must report to the state within 10 days after the endof
each quarter in which samples were collected.
Page 51
-------
(Attachment 7) I operate a treatment plant that uses ozone...
Monitoring Requirements for Bromate for Systems using Ozonation
Are you a CWS or a
NTNCWS using ozone?
Routine Monitoring
Isample per month per treatment plant at the
entrance to distribution system while the ozpnation .
system is operating under normal conditions.
Is the sum of
quarterly averages
taken so far
for bromate
>0.040?
Has system
monitored for at
least one year?
Is bromate
average (running annual
arithmetic average
computed quarterly)
> 0.010 mg/L?2
Is the system s
annual average1 source
water bromide level
<0.05 mg/L?
Reduced Monitoring
1 bromate sample per.quarter per
treatment plant
Kotos:
1) Tha average Is based upon representative monthly bromide measurements for one year (In months where more than one sample Is.taken, use the average of
a* samples taken during the month). <
2) If a PWS falls to complete 12 mos of monitoring, compliance must be based on average of available data. .
Page 52
-------
Attachment 8 - Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule Requirements
I operate a surface water system or ground water system
under the directinfluence of surface water and operate
a conventionalfiltration treatment plant, *.
Page 53
-------
(Attachment 8) I operate a surface water system or ground water system under the direct influence of
surface water and operate a conventional filtration treatment plant...
Enhanced Coagulation and Enhanced Precipitative Softening Treatment Technique
What is the goal of enhanced coagulation and enhanced precipitative softening?
The goal of enhanced coagulation and precipitaive softening is to pfovide additional removal of the
natural organic material (referred to as total organic carbon or "TOC") that is a precursor to DBF V
formation. TOC and disinfectants commonly used in drinking water treatment can combine to form ._.__-
DBFs. Adding additional amountsof coagulant or lime:to coagulation or softening treatment trains., .
respectively, can increase the amount of TOC removed and .thereby lower DBF levels in finished water.
Which public water systems does the treatment technique apply to?
The treatment technique applies to Subpart H systems (systems using surface water or groundwater under
the direct influence of surface water) that use conventional treatment. Conventional treatment is defined
in §141.2 as a series of processes including coagulation, fiocculation, sedimentation, and filtration
resulting in substantial particulate removal.
How is the treatment technique implemented by public water systems?
Public water systems (PWSs) that use conventional treatment are required to remove a percentage of
TOC from the raw water. The percent removal is based on raw water TOC and alkalinity levels. A pair
of TOC samples must be taken simultaneously in the raw water and no later than the combined filter
effluent at least once per month to calculate the percent removal and demonstrate compliance via a
running annual average. PWS unable to meet the required TOC removal may set an alternative TOC
percent removal based on jar or pilot testing that reflects the treatability of their water. PWSs may also
use one of the alternative compliance criteria to demonstrate compliance.
'
The treatment technique is effective for systems serving 10,000 or more people in January 2002. The
effective date for systems serving under 10,000 people is January 2004.
Page 54
-------
(Attachment 8) I operate a surface water system or ground water system under the direct influence of
surface water and operate a conventional filtration treatment plant...
What ROUTINE MONITORING must I conduct under the Stage 1DBPR?
Chemical
TOC and
Alkalinity
(conventional
treatment)
• - -
. . - • , •
Frequency
One paired TOC sample ,
per plant per month
One alkalinity sample per
plant per month at same
time as source water TOG
sample is taken
--'.;• Where monitoring must be conducted
TOC (paired samples)
• In source water prior to any treatment .
• No later than the point of combined filter effluent turbidity monitoring and
representative of filtered water
Alkalinity
• Same location as source water TOC sample is taken. ,
What REDUCED MONITORING may I conduct under the Stage! DBPR?
Chemical
Frequency
Where monitoring must be
conducted
Conditions fpr reduced
monitoring
TOC and
Alkalinity
(conventional
treatment)
One paired TOC sample
per plant per quarter
One alkalinity sample per
plant per quarter at sattie
time as source water TOC
sample is taken
TOC (paired samples)
• In Source Water prior to any
treatment .-•'••
« No later than the point of
combined filter effluent turbidity
monitoring and representative of
filtered water :
Alkalinity
* Same location as source water
TOC sample is taken.
Average treated water TOC < 2.0
mg/L for 2 consecutive years or <1.0
mg/L for 1 year
PageSS
-------
(Attachment 8) I operate a surface water system or ground water system under the direct influence of
surface water and operate a conventional filtration treatment plant
How do I DETERMINE IF MY SYSTEM IS IN COMPLIANCE with the TOC removal requirements of the
Stage 1DBPR?
Chemical
TOC (conventional
treatment)
, Compliance is based on ...
"Step 1" or "Step 2" removal targets or alternative compliance criteria (see flowcharts for determining
TOC compliance)
NOTES:
1. Where compliance is based on a running annual average of monthly or quarterly samples or averages and the
system's failure to monitor makes it impossible to determine compliance with the tf eatnient technique, this failure to
monitor will be treated as a monitoring violation for the entire period covered by the annual average.
2. All samples taken and analyzed under the provisions of the monitoring plan must be included in determining
compliance, even if that number is greater than the minimum required.
What do I have to REPORT to the State under the Stage 1 DBPR?
Chemical
TOC and
Alkalinity
(conventional
treatment)
What must be reported
• Number of paired samples taken during last quarter
• Location, date, result of each paired sample and associated alkalinity taken during last quarter,
• For systems using Step 1 or Step 2, enhanced coagulation or enhanced softening
• For each month in the reporting period, the arithmetic average of the percent reduction of TOC for
each paired sample and the required TOC percent removal
• Calculations for determining compliance with the TQC percent removal requirements
• For systems using an alternative compliance Criterion -
• Running annual arithmetic average of source water SUVA or treated water SUVA if using this
criterion for alternative compliance
• Running annual arithmetic average based on monthly average of source or treated water, TOC if using
this criterion for alternative compliance
• Running annual arithmetic average of source water alkalinity or treated water alkalinity if using this
criterion for alternative compliance
• Running annual average for both TTHM and HAA5 if using this criterion for alternative compliance
• Running annual average of amount of magnesium hardness removal if using this criterion for
alternative compliance
' Whether system is in compliance with particular alternative compliance criterion
• Whether system is in compliance with the enhanced coagulation or enhanced softening percent removal
requirements for the last 4 quarters :
NOTES:
1. Systems required to sample quarterly or more frequently must report to the state within 10 days after the end of
each quarter in which samples were collected.
Page 56
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(Attachment 8) I operate a surface water system or ground water system under the direct influence of
surface water and operate a conventional filtration treatment plant...
Disinfection Byproducts Precursor Removal
Treatment Technique
Is system
Subpart H System
using conventional
filtration
treatment?
System must conduct
DBP Precursor -
Monitoring.
Does system
have difficulty
meeting Step 1 removals
due to water quality parameters
or operational
constraints?
•^ - —
m meei:^\x^
e of the ^-^ YES.
35(aj(2) and/^
? r^
System in compliance
with enhanced
coagulation/enhanced
spftening (EC/ES)
requirements.
• •. - -- .
.- W
System mUs
demonstrate
continue' to me
complianc
t monitor to
^ that they
et alternative
a.cnteria.
System must conduct
Step 2 testing to determine
alternative minimum TOC
requirements.2
NO.
Can system
identify a Step 2 alternative
minimurn TOC removal
requirement?
System applies to the
State for a waiver of
EC/ES requirements. ?
System applies to the:State.
for alternative minimurn TOC
removal (Step 2) requirements
within 3 mos of not meeting
Stepl.
Does system
meet Stepl TOC
removals [141.135(b)] asann.
ave. (including use of
ctorsin141.135(c))
1} Subpart H = Public water systems using surface water or ground water un?Jer the direct Influence of surface water.
2) Until the state approves alternate Step 2, system must meet Step 1 removals.
Page 57
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(Attachment 8) I operate a surface water system or ground water system under the direct influence of
surface water and operate a conventional filtration treatment plant....
Monitoring Requirements for Disinfection Byproduct Precursors (DBPP)
Is system ,a Subpart H system1 usin
conventional filtration treatment?
Sgurcewater:sampl ing 2
Minimum of 1 TOC sample per month per
treatment plant in the source water prior
to any treatment
"paired sample"
« : ——>
Treated water sampling
Minimum of 1 sample per month per
treatment plant taken no later than
combined filter effluent
1 source water alkalinity sample taken at
same time and location as source water
TOC sample.
Return to routine
monitoring In month
following quarter where
annual average 22.0
mg/L.
Did
system conduct required
monitoring? ^ NO
Is the system s annual
average treated water TOC <2.0mg/il
for two consecutive years or
<1 .Omg/L for one yea
Reduced Monitoring
May reduce monitoring to one paired
sample and one alkalinity sample per
quarter per treatment pair
1.) Subpart H = PuWta water systems using surface water or ground water under the direct Influence of surface water.
2.) TUB source water and the treated watar samples are referred to as "paired samples" and are to be taken simultaneously
Page 58
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Appendix E
Stage 1 DPBR Rule
Language
- • • , / C—j-' - ^y •' ."• -'
This appendix contains the rule language for the Stage 1 DBPR incorporating the technical amendments:
Changes to me original rule language are .shown as highlighted text A complete electronic copy of the Stage
1 DBPR, including preamble as,publishecl on December 16,1998, can'be found at the EPA web site at
www.epa.gov/OGWDW/mdbp/dbpfr.html. A complete electronic copy of the technical amendments for the
EESWTR and Stage 1 DBPR, including preamble as published On January 16, 2.001, can be found on |he
EPA website at www.epa.gov/safewater/rtidbp/iesfr.htmL ':-'•;'".'•'.. -, '
-------
This page is left intentionally blank.
June 2001 Appendix E-2 Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
-------
For .the reasons set put in the preamble, title 40 chapter I of the Code of Federal Regulations is amended as
follows:-' •:••'-.-.• .-;..•. .'.-"..;"• ;: -;. "•'..'•'".'.". •'. -' /•.'•'•' ;. ,- "' •" -..-:• •;
PART 9 - [AMENDED] . :•' .•;.:''. •' ^ V'v;^"' "' < V.;'''" :-.-./
1. The authoritycitation for part 9'continues to read as follows: "
Authority: 7 U.S.C. 135 et seq., 136-l36y; 15 U.S.C. 2001, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2601-2671; 21 U.S.C 331j
346a, 348; 31 U.S.C. 9701; 33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.,; 1311, 1313d, 1314, 1318, 1321, 1326, 1330, 1.342, *
1344, 1345 (d) and (e), 1361; E.G. 11735, 38 FR 21243, 3 CFR, 1971-1975 Comp. p. 973; 42 U.S.C. 241,
242b, 243, 246, 300fr 300g, 300g-l, 300g-2, 300g-3, 300g-4, 300g-5, 300g-6, 300J-1, 300J-2, 300^ 300J-
.4, 300J-9, 1857 et seq., 6901-6992k, 7401-767Iq, 7542, 9601-9657, 11023, 11048.
2. Section 9.1 is amended by adding the new entries to the table to read as follows:
§9.1 OMB approvals under the Paperwork Reduction Act. _
* .-*•-; * * * '.'•'-. -•-••- •. •._ - :
40 CFR Citation OMB Control No. "
* - * '• * .*.-*.' - ' . - -' •-. -. •--. • -•"."•' • ' '-'. ' ' "''•'.
National Primary Drinking Water Regulations
14L130-141.132 2040-0204 '•';'.'"••'. ; , .-•'•'•,''
141.134-141.135 2040-0204 , -
Part 141 - National Primary Drinking Water Regulations
3. The authority citation for Part 141 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 300f, 300g-l, 300g-2 300g-3, 300g-4, 300g-5, 300g-6, 300J-4, 300J-9, and
300J-11.
4. Section 141.2 is amended by adding the following definitions in alphabetical order to read as follows:
§141.2 Definitionis.
* "'#,.'..-* * '-#,-".'•'-' ' : ;• ' ; • .. ' . "-..'.-.• . '• "
Enhanced coagulation means the addition of sufficient coagulant for improved removal of disinfection
byproduct precursors by conventional filtration treatment. . :-
*' ' :' ' * ';'*".-.'*.'. ' * • ' '•'••.•-•'.-•'".•. •..'-..-.-'-.".-'•••• "•'..'
.Enhanced softening means the improved removal of disinfection byproduct precursors by precipitative
"softening. ' • - : .'•••'"-' l^ •:.''.'. -':. .' -.•.""'•. : ••- '-.- . .-.-.; . - • ., . -: : -...'•/' . ,•' ..'.' . -
* *- * * * " " "'..'••'• ''.''- ' .---•'..'. :
GAC10 means granular activated carbon filter beds with an empty-bed contact time of 10 minutes based on
average daily flow and a carbon reactivation frequency of every 180 days.
"'#'.' *-•-'. * ' * • •# • . -'. -- ' '•;" :. - . ' . • '•-•.-•.
Haloacetic acids (five) (HAAS) mean the sum of the concentrations in inilligrams per Hter of the haloacetic
acid compounds (monochloroa,cetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, triehloroacetic acid, monobromoacetic acid,
and dibromoacetic acid), rounded to two significant figures after addition.
•••'*'. ••'*." ..... * • ' * , .'• .* -.'.""• . . • - ' ' ' ' " ' ' : / ' . -
MaximumTesidual disinfectant level (MRDL') means a level of a disinfectant;added for water treatment tha't
may not be exceeded at the consumer's tap without an unacceptable possibility of adverse health effects.
For chlorine and chloramines, a PWS is in compliance with the MRDL when the running annual average of
monthly averages .of -.samples' taken in the distrijjution system,: computed quarterly, is less than or equal to
the MRDL. For chlorine dioxide, a PWS is in compliance; with the MRDL when daily samples are taken at
me entrance to the distribution systena and no two consecutive daily samples exceed me MRDL, MRDLs
are enforceable in the same manner as maximum eontammant levels under Section 1412 of t^^
Stage 1 DBPR Implementation Guidance , AppendixE-3 June 2001
-------
Drinking Water Act. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of
waterborne microbial contaminants. Notwithstanding the MRDLs listed iii §141.65, operators may increase
residual disinfectant levels of chlorine or chloramines (but not chlorine dioxide) in the distribution system to
a level and for a time necessary to protect public health to address specific microbiological contamination
problems caused by circumstances such as distribution line breaks, storm runoff events, source water
contamination, or cross-connections. .
* * * * .-#-.- ": •"..•• ...-,...
Maximum residual disinfectant level goal (MRDLG) means the maximum level of a disinfectant added for
water treatment at which iio known or anticipated adverse effect on the health of persons would occur, and
which allows an adequate margin of safety. MfeDLGs are nonenforceable health goals and do not reflect
the benefit of the addition of the chemical for control of waterhorne microbial contaminants, ,
* * * * *
Subpart H systems means public water systems using surface water or ground water under the direct
influence of surface water as a source that are subject to the requirements of subpart H of this part.
* * * * * '••'•'.• . • - • .
SUVA means Specific Ultraviolet Absorption at 254 nanometers' (nm), an indicator of the humic content of
a water. It is a calculated parameter obtained by dividing a sample's ultraviolet absorption at a wavelength
of 254 nm (UV254) (in"') by its concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (in mg/L).
* * * * *
Total Organic Carbon (TOO means total organic carbon in mg/L measured using heat, oxygen, ultraviolet
irradiation, chemical oxidants, or combinations of these oxidants that convert organic carbon .to carbon
dioxide, rounded to two significant figures.
* * * * * • . . ..'•:"-.--•'
5. Section 141.12 is revised to read as follows:
§141.12 Maximum contaminant levels for total trihalomethanes. ,
The maximum contaminant level of 0.10 mg/L for total trihalomethanes (the sum of the
concentrations of bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, tribromomethane (bromoform), and
trichloromethane (chloroform)) applies to subpart H community water systems which serve a population of
10,000 people or more until December 31, 2001. This level applies to community water systems that use
only ground water not under the direct influence of surface water and serve a population of 10,000 people
or more until December 31, 2003. Compliance with me maximum contaminant level for total
trihalomethanes is calculated pursuant to §141.30. After Decemb;ef!3:ls2003, this section is no longer
applicable.
6. Sectionl41.30 is amended by revising the the first sentences inparagraphs (d) and (f) and adding
paragraph (h) to read as follows:
§141.30 Total trihalomethanes sampling, analytical and other requirements.
* * * * *
(d) Compliance with §141.12 shall be determined based on a running annual average Of quarterly samples
collected by the system as prescribed in paragraph (b)(l) or (2) of this section.
(e) Sampling and analyses made pursuant to this section shall be conducted by one of the total
trihalomethanes methods as directed in §141.24(e), and the Technical Notes on Drinking Water Methdds, .
EPA-600/R-94-173, October 1994, which is available from NTIS,PB-J04766, or in'§141.131(b),
*****
(f) Before a community water system makes any significant modifications to its existing treatment process
for the purposes of achieving compliance with §141.12, such system must submit and obtain State approval
of a detailed plan setting forth its proposed modification and those safeguards that it will implement to
ensure mat me bacteriological quality of me diking water served by such system will not be adversely
affected by such modification. ***
* * * * * .'.."•.
(h) The requirements in paragraphs (a) - (g) of this section apply to subpart H community water systems
which serve a population of 10,000 or more imtirDeeettiber 31^20te The requirements in paragraphs (a)
June 2001 Appendix E-4 Stage 1 DBPR-Iniplemehtation Guidance
-------
through (g) of this section apply to community water systems which use only ground water not under the
direct influence of surface water that add a disinfectant (oxidant) in any part of the treatment process and
serve a population of 10,000 or more until becember*31,,2003\ After December 3l,"2003, this section is
no longer applicable.
•7..- Section 141.32 is amended by revising the heading in paragraph (a) introductory text, the first sentence
of paragraph (a)(l)(iri) introductory text.; the first sentence of paragraph (c) introductory text, the first
sentence of paragraph (e) introductory text, and adding paragraphs (a)(l)(iii)(E) and (e)(76) through (81), to
read as follows: / - '
Section 141.32 - Public notification.
(a) Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs), Maximum Residual Disinfectant Levels (MRDLs). ***
(iii) For violations of the MCLs of contaminants or MRDLs of disinfectants that may pose an acute risk to
human health, by furnishing a copy of the notice to the radio and television stations serving the area served
.by the public water system as soon as .possible but in no case later than 72 hours after the violation. ***
(E) Violation of the MRDL for chlorine dioxide as defined in §141.65 and determined according to
(c) *** The owner or operator of a community water system must give a copy of the most recent public
noticefor anyoutstanding violation of any maximum contaminant level, or any maximum residual
disinfectant level, or any treatment technique requirement, or any variance or exemption schedule to all new
billing units or new hookups prior to or at the time service begins.
* '"- * ..*.'-,*• .'#•-.'.• • •" • -. '. - . .---•-. . . . ' •;.'••
(e)*** ',.- .''" -" ' - ' -. . . . -.-. • ' '••'• - :••""•-•. • •.'•.-••' - •"•• :• '-.'.,
(76) Chlorine. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets drinking water standards
and has determined that chlorine is a health concern at certain levels of exposure. Chlorine is added to
drinking water as a disinfectant to kill bacteria and other disease-causing microorganisms and is also added
to provide continuous disinfection throughout the distribution system. Disinfection is required for surface
water systems. However, at high doses for extended periods of time, chlorine has been shown to affect
blood and the liver in laboratory animals. EPA has set a drinking water standard for chlorine to protect
against the risk df these adverse effects. 'Drinking water which rrieets this EPA standard is associated with
little to none of mis risk and should be considered safe with.respect to chlorine.
(77) Chloramines.. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets drinking water
standards and has determined that chloramines are a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
Chloramines are added to drinking water as a disinfectant to kill bacteria and^ other disease-causing
microorganisms and are also added to provide continuous disinfection throughout the distribution system.
Disinfection is required for surface water systems. However, at high doses for extended periods of time,
chloramines have been shown to affect blood and the liver in laboratory animals. EPA has set a drinking
water standard for chloramines to protect against the risk of these adverse effects. Drinking water which
meets this EPA standard is associated with little to none of this risk and should be considered safe with -.
respecttochloramin.es.
(78) Chlorine Dioxide. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets drinking water .:'
standards and has determined that chlorine dioxide is a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
Chlorine dioxide is used in water treatment to kill bacteria aftd other disease-causing microorganisms and can
be used to control tastes and o.dors. Disinfection is required for surface water systenis. However, at high
doses, cMorine dioxide-treated .drirjking water has been shown to affect blood in laboratory animals. Also,
Mgh levels of chlorme^ dioxide given to laboratoty animals in drinking water have been shown to cause •''.'
neurological effects on the developing nervous system. These neurodevelopmental effects may occur;as a
result of a short-term excessive chlorine dioxide exposure. To protect against such potentially harmful
Stage 1DBPRImplementation Guidance AppendixE-5 June2001
-------
exposures, EPA requires chlorine dioxide monitoring at the treatment plant, where disinfection occurs, and
at representative points in the distribution system serving water users. EPA has set a drinking water
standard for chlorine dioxide to protect against the risk of these adverse effects. Jin addition to the
language in this introductory text of paragraph (e)(78), systems must include either the language
paragraph (e)(78)(i) or (e)(78)(ii) of this section. Systems with a violation at the treatment plant, but
not in the distribution system, are required to use the language in paragraph (e)(78)(i) of this section
and treat the violation as a nonacute violation. Systems with a violation jn the distribution system
are required to use the language in paragraph (e)(78)(ii) of this section and treat the violation as an
acute violation.]
(i) The chlorine dioxide violations reported today are the result of exceedances at the treatment facility
only, and do not include violations within the distribution system serving users of this water supply.
Continued compliance with chlorine dioxide levels within the distribution system minimizes the potential risk
of these violations to present consumers. .
(ii) The chlorine dioxide violations reported today include exceedances of the EPA standard within the
distribution system serving water users. Violations of the chlorine dioxide standard within the distribution
system may harm human health based On short-term exposures. Certain groups,, including pregnant women,
infants, and young children, may be especially susceptible to adverse effects of excessive exposure to
chlorine dioxide-treated water. The purpose of this notice is to advise that such persons should consider
reducing their risk of adverse effects from these chlorine dioxide violations by seeking alternatesources of
water for human consumption until such exceedances are rectified. Local and State health authorities are
the best sources for information concerning alternate drinking Water.
(79) Disinfection Byproducts and Treatment technique for DBFs. The United States Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) sets drinking water standards and requires the disinfection of drinking water.
However, when used in the treatment of drinking water, disinfectants react with naturally-occurring organic
and inorganic matter present in water to form chemicals called disinfection byproducts (DBPs). EPA has
determined that a number of DBPs are a health concern at certain levels of exposure. Certain DBFs,
including some trihalomethanes (THMs) and some haloacetic acids (HAAs), have been shown to cause
cancer in laboratory animals. Other DBPs have been shown to affect the liver and the nervous system, and
cause reproductive or developmental effects in laboratory animals. Exposure to certain DBPs may produce
similar effects in people. EPA has set standards to limit exposure to THMs, HAAs, and other DBPs.
(80) Bromate. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets drinking water standards and
has determined that bromate is a health concern at certain levels of exposure. Bromate is formed as a
byproduct of ozone disinfection of drinking water. Ozone reacts with naturally occurring bromide in the
water to form bromate. Bromate has been shown to produce cancer in rats. EPA has set a drinking water
standard to limit exposure to bromate. .
(81) Chlorite. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Sets drinking water standards and
has determined that chlorite is a health concern at certain levels of exposure. Chlorite is formed from the
breakdown of chlorine dioxide, a drinking water disinfectant. Chlorite in drinking water has been shown to
affect blood and the developing nervous system. EPA has set a drinking water standard for chlorite to
protect against these effects. Drinking water which meets this standard is associated with little to none of
these risks and should be considered safe with respect to chlorite.
# * * * *
8. Subpart F is amended by revising the subpart title and adding §§141,53 and 141.54 to read as follows:
SUBPART F - MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT LEVEL GOALS AND MAXIMUM RESIDUAL
DISINFECTANT LEVEL GOALS
* * * * * . .-• ...'•. . -::'-.. '••'•":-'.-
§141.53 - Maximum contaminant level goals for disinfection byproducts.
MCLGs for the following disinfection byproducts are as indicated:
Disinfection byproduct MCLGdng/D
BromodicMoromethane Zero
Bromofbrm . Zero •
* ' - ' • ;
June 2001 Appendix E-6 Stage LDBPR Implementation Guidance
-------
Bromate v Zero :
Dichloroacetic acid : •.- , ; Zero .',-.-- ,.
Trichloroacetic acid .-•'.-'•••''..-• 0.3 > ; : :
Chlorite ; -' •-• -' "- .'.-- .-.' 0.8 '--'^'. '.-..-/'.-''--:\^ :'": \- ":'",- .. :"Y - '..'••
Dibromocfiloromethane 0.06 , J . , ; L ;
§141.54 -Maximum residual disinfectant level goals for disinfectants.
MRDLGs for disinfectants are as follows:
Disinfectant Residual MRDLG(mg/L')
Chlorine ^(asCQ ; '
' Chloramities 4 (as C12)
Chlorine dioxide 0.8 (as C1Q2) •-."••, ; -
9. Subpart G, Maximum Contaminant Levels, is amended by revising the subpart heading and adding
§§14-1.64 and 141.65 to read as follows: ^ , ., :
SUBPART G - NATIONAL REVISED PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS:
MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT LEVELS AND MAXIMUM RESIDUAL DISINFECTANT LEVELS
* -*•,--'* * * - • ' - - ••".-• ' ' :.
Section 141.64-Maximum contaminant levels for disinfection byproducts.
(a) The maximum contaminant.levels (MCLs) for disinfection byproducts are as follows:
Disinfection byproduct MCL(mg/L)
Total trihalomethanes (TTHM) 0.080 .: -."..-'".
Haloacetic acids (five) (HAA5) 0-060 :
Bromate 0.010 .. ,
Chlorite ''-. 1.0 ; ;
(b) Compliance Dates. . : :
(1) CWSs and NTNCWSs. Subpart H systems serving 10,000 or more persons must comply with this
section beginning January 1, 2002. Subpart H systems serving fewer than 10,000 persons and systems
using only ground water not under the direct influence of surface water must comply with this section
beginning January 1,2004.
(2) A system that is installing GAC or membrane technology to comply with this section may apply to the
State for an extension of up to 24 months past, the dates in paragraphs (b)(l) of this section, but not beyond
December 31, 2003. In granting the extension, States must set a schedule for compliance and may specify
any interim measures that the system must take. Failure to meet the schedule or interim treatment
requirements constitutes a violation of a National Primary Drinking Water Regulation.
(c) The Administrator, pursuant to Section 1412 of the Act, hereby identifies the following as the best
technology, freatment techniques,; or other means available for achieving compliance with the maximum
contaminant levels for disinfection byproducts identified in paragraph (a) of this section:
Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance Appendix E-7 ' June 2001
-------
DISINFECTION BYPRODUCT
TTHM
HAAS
Bromate
Chlorite
BEST AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGY
Enhanced coagulation or enhanced softening or GAClO,
with chlorine as the primary and residual disinfectant.
Enhanced coagulation or enhanced softening or GAClO.,
with chlorine as the primary and residual disinfectant.
Control of ozone treatment process to reduce production
ofbromate.
Control of treatment processes to reduce disinfectant .
demand and control of disinfection treatment processes to
reduce disinfectant levels.
Section 141.65 - Maximum residual disinfectant levels.
(a) Maximum residual disinfectant levels (MRDLs) are as follows:
Disinfectant Residual MRDL (mg/D
Chlorine
Chloramines
Chlorine dioxide
4.0 (as C12).
4.0 (as C12).
0.8(asClO2).
(b) Compliance dates.
(1) CWSs and NTNCWSs. Subpart H systems serving 10,000 or more persons must comply with this
section beginning January 1, 2002. Subpart H systems serving fewer than 10,000 persons and systems
using only ground water not under the direct influence of surface water must comply with this subpart
beginning January 1,2004.
(2) Transient NCWSs. Subpart H systems serving 10,000 or more persons and using chlorine dioxide as
a disinfectant or oxidant must comply with the chlorine dioxide MRDL beginning January 1, 2002. Subpart
H systems serving fewer than 10,000 persons and using chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant and
systems using only ground water not under the direct influence of surface water and using chlorine dioxide
as a disinfectant or oxidant must comply with the chlorine dioxide MRDL beginning January 1, 2004,
(c) The Administrator, pursuant to. Section 1412 of the Act, hereby identifies the following as the best
technology, treatment techniques, or other means available for achieving compliance with the maximum
residual disinfectant levels identified in paragraph (a) of this section: control of treatment processes to
reduce disinfectant demand and control of disinfection treatment processes to reduce disinfectant levels.
10. A new subpart L is added to read as follows:
SUBPART L - Disinfectant Residuals, Disinfection Byproducts, and Disinfection Byproduct
Precursors
Sec.
141.130 General requirements.
141.131 Analytical requirements.
141.132 Monitoring requirements.
141.133 Compliance.
141.134 Reporting and recordkeeping requirements,
141.135 Treatment technique for control of disinfection byproduct (DBF) precursors.
§141.130 General requirements.
(a) The requirements of this Subpart L constitute national primary drinking water regulations..
(1) The regulations in this subpart establish criteria under which community water systems (CWSs) and
nontransient, noncommunity water systems (NTNCWSs) which add a chemical disinfectant to the water in
any part of the drinking water treatment process, must modify their practices to meet MCLs ,and MRDLs in
§§141.64 and 141.65, respectively, and must meet the treatment technique requirements for disinfection
byproduct precursors in §141.135.
June 2001
Appendix E-^8
Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
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(2) The regulations in this subpart establish criteria under which transient NCWSs that use chlorine dioxide
as a disinfectant or oxidant must modify their practices to meet the MRDL for chlorine dioxide in §141.05.
(3) EPA has established MCLs for TTHM and HAA5 and treatment technique requirements for
disinfection byproduct precursors to limit the levels of known and unknown" disinfection byproducts which
may have adverse health effects. These: disinfection byproducts niay include chloroform;
brdmodichlpromethane; dibromochloromethane; bromofdrm; dichloroacetic acid; arid trichloroacetic acid.
(b) Compliance dates. .(1) CWSs and NTNCWSs. Unless otherwise noted, systems must comply with
• the requirements of this subpart as follows. Subpart H systems serving 10,000 or more persons must
comply with this subpart beginning j^a^§i^J2:, Subpart H systems serving fewer than 10,000 persons
and systems using only ground water not under the direct influence of surface watermust comply with this
subpart beginning January 1,2004. ' .
(2) Transient NCWSs. Subpart H systems serving 10,000 or more persons and using chlorine.dioxide as
a disinfectant or oxidant must comply with any requirements for chlorine dioxide lld^ilootfe in this subpart
beginning January 1, 2002. Subpart H systems serving fewer than 10,000 persons arid using chlorine
dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant and systems using only ground water not under the direct influence of
surface water and using chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant must comply with any requirements for
chlorine dioxide and chlorite in this subpart beginning January 1, 2004.
(c) Each CWS and NTNCWS regulated under paragraph (a) of this section must be operated by qualified
personnel who meet the requirements specified by the State and are included in a State register of qualified
operators. : ' / 0
(d) Control of Disinfectant Residuals. Notwithstanding the MRDEs in §141.65, systems may increase
residual disinfectant levels in the distribution system of chlorine or chloramines (but not chlorine dioxide) to
a level and for a time necessary to protect public health, to address specific microbiological contamination
problems caused by circumstances such as, but not.limited to, distribution line breaks, storm run-off events,
source water contamination,events, or cross-connection events.
§141.131; Analytical requirements,
(a) General. (1) Systems must use only me analytical memod(s) specified in this section, or otherwise
.approved by EPA for monitoring under this subpart, to demonstrate cqriipliance with the requirements of
this subpart. These methods are, effective for compliance February 16, 1999.
(2) The following documents are incorporated by reference. The Director of the Federal Register
approves this incorporation by refererice in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. Copies
may be inspected at EPA's Drinking Water Docket, 401 M Street, S. W, Washington, DC 20460, or at the
Office of the Federal Register, 800 North Capitol Street, NW, Suite 700, Washington DC. EPA Method
552.1 is iri Methods for the Determination of Organic Coriipounds in Drinking Water-Supplement n.
USEPA, August 1992, EPA/606/R-92/129 (available through National Information Technical Service
(NTIS), PB92-207703). EPA Methods 502.2, 524.2, 551.1, and 552.2 are in Methods for the
Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water-SupplementUJ. USEPA. August 1995,
EPA/600/R-95/131. (available through NTIS, PB95-261616). EPA Method 300.0 is in Methods for the
Determination of Inorganic Substances in Environmental Samples. USEPA. August 1993, EPA/fiOn/R-
93/100. (available through NTIS, PB94-121811). EPA Method 300.1 is titled USEPA Method 300.1.
Determination of Inorganic Anions in Drinking Water by Ion Chfomatographv. Revision 1.0. USEPA. 1997,
EPA/600/R-98/118 (available through NTIS, PB98-169196); also available from: Chemical Exposure
Research Branch, Microbiological & Chemical Exposure Assessment Research Division, National Exposure
Research Laboratory,,U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268, Fax Number:
513-569-7757, Phone 'number: 513-569-7586. Standard Methods 4500-Cl'D, 4500-C1 E, 4500-C1F, 4500-
Cl G, 4500-Cl H, 4500-C11,45{)0-C1O2 D, 4500-ClQ2 E, 6251 B, and 5910^B shall be foljowedin
accordance with Standard Methods for the Examination of Water arid Wastewater. 19th Edition. American
Public Health Association, 1995; copies may be obtained from the American Public Health Association,
.1015 Fifteenm Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005. Standard Methods 5310 B, 5310 C, arid 5310 D shall
be followed in accordance with the Supplement to the 19* Edition of Standard Methods for the Examination
of Water and Wastewater. American Public Health Association, 1996; copies may be obtained from the
American Public Health Association, 1015 Fifteenth Street, NW, 'Washington, DC 20005, ASTM Method
Stage 1DBPRImplementation Guidance AppendixE-9 : , June 2001
-------
D 1253-86 shall be followed in accordance with the Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Volume 11.01,
American Society for Testing and Materials, 1996 edition; copies may be obtained from the American
Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohoken, PA 19428.
(b) Disinfection Byproducts. (1) Systems must measure disinfection byproducts by the methods (as
modified by the footnotes) listed in the following table:
APPROVED METHODS FOR DISINFECTION BYPRODUCT COMPLIANCE MONITORING
BYPRODUCT MEASURED1
METHODOLOGY2
P&T/GC/E1CD&PID
P&T/GC/MS
LLE/GC/ECD
LLE/GC/ECD
SPE/GC/ECD
LLE/GC/ECD
Amperometric
Titration
1C
1C
EPA
METHOD
502.23
524.2
551.1
552.1
552,2
300.0
300.1
STANDARD
METHOD
6251 B
4500-C1O2E
TTHM
x
X
X
HAAS
x.
X
X
CHLORITE4
X
..x
X
BROMATE
X
'-X indicates method is approved for measuring specified disinfection .byproduct. -
2-P&T- purge and trap; GC = gas chromatography; E1CD = electrolytic conductivity detector; PID =
photoionization detector; MS = mass spectrometer; LLE = liquid/liquid extraction; BCD = electron capture
detector; SPE - solid phase extractor; 1C = ion chromatography.
3-If TTHMs are the only analytes being measured in the sample, then a PID is not required.
"-Amperometric titration may be used for routine daily monitoring of chlorite at the entrance to the distribution
system, as prescribed in § 141.132(b)(2)(i)(A). Ion chromatography must be used for routine monthly monitoring
of chlorite and additional monitoring of chlorite in the distribution system, as prescribed in § 141.132(b)(2)(i)(B)
and(b)(2)(ii).
(2) Analysis under this section for disinfection byproducts must be conducted by laboratories that have
received certification by EPA or the State, except as specified under paragraph (b)(3) of tfiis,section. To
receive certification to conduct analyses for the contaminants in §141.64(a), the laboratory must carry out
annual analyses of performance evaluation (PE) samples approved by EPA or the State. In these analyses
of PE samples, the laboratory must achieve quantitative results within the acceptance limit on a minimum of
80% of the analytes included in each PE sample. The acceptance limit is defined as the 95% confidence
interval calculated around the mean of the PE study data between a maximum and minimum acceptance
limit of+/- 50% and +/- 15% of the study mean.
(3) A party approved by EPA or the State must measure daily chlorite samples at the entrance to the
distribution system.
Co) Disinfectant Residuals. (1) Systems must measure residual disinfectant concentrations for free chlorine,
combined chlorine (chloramines), and chlorine dioxide by the methods listed in the following table:
June 2001
Appendix E-10
Stage 1JDBPR Implementation Guidance
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APPROVED METHODS FOR DISINFECTANT RESIDUAL COMPLIANCE MONITORING
Residual Measured1
JVlethodolpgy
Amperometric
Titratibn
Low Level
Amperometric
Titration
DPD Ferrous
Titrimetric
DPD
Colqrimetric
Syringaldazine
(FACTS)
lodometric
Electrode
DPD
Amperometric
Method II ..•
Standard
Method
4500-ClD,
4500-C1E
4500-C1F
4500-ClG
4500-C1H
4500-C1I
4500-C102D
4500-C1O2E
'-: ASTM /-
Method
D 1253-
86 ,
. •- - • - .
Free
Chlorine
. x;;
"•• ;. ; x •".-:-'
x
-\'X'.- '••
Combined
Chlorine
'.' x.'"-;
. - .. •
x
; x •'..-.':"
Total
Chlorine
'"''•' ;x\ • ;
- X :
-•x ; :- ,
: X
X
Chlorine
Dioxide
'. x • .
X
'-X indicates method is approved for measuring specified disinfectant residual.
(2) If approved by the State, systems may also measure residual disinfectant concentrations for chlorine,
chlofamines, and chlorine dioxide by using DPD colorimetric test kits.
(3) A party approved by EPA or the State must measure residual disinfectant concentration.
(d) Additional analytical methods. Systems required to analyze parameters not included in paragraphs (b)
and (c) of this section must use the following methods. A party approved by EPA or the State must measure
these parameters. •-••. • , ;
(1) Alkalinity. All methods allowed in §141.89(a) for measuring alkalinity.
(2) Bromide. EPA Method 300.0 or EPA Method 300.1. '.• •.
(3) Total Organic Carbon (TOO. Standard Method 5310 B (High-Temperature Combustion Method) or
Standard Method 5310 C (Persulfate-Ultraviolet or Heated-Persulfate Oxidation Method) of Standard
Method 5310 D (Wet-Oxidation Method). TOC samples may not be filtered prior to analysis. TOC
samples must either be analyzed or must be acidified to achieve pH less than 2.0 by minimal addition of
phosphoric or sulfurie acid as soon as practical after sampling, not to exceed 24 hours. Acidified TOC
samples must be analyzed within 28 days.
(4) Specific Ultraviolet Absorbance (SUVA). SUVA is equal to the UV absorption at 254nm (UV254)
(measured in m"1) divided by the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration (measured as mg/L), In
order to determine SUVA, it is necessary to separately measure UV2S4 and DOC. When determining
SUVA, systems must use the methods stipulated in paragraph (d)(4)(i) of this section to measure DOC and
the method stipulated in paragraph (d)(4)(ii)of this section to measure UV254. SUVA must be determined on
water prior to the addition of disinfectants/oxidants by the system. DOC and UV254 samples used to
determine a SUVA value must be taken at the same time and at the same location.;
(i) Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC). .Standard'Method 5310 B (High-Temperature Combustion
Method) or Standard Method 5310. C (Persulfate-Ultraviolet Or Heated-Persulfate Oxidation Method) or
Standard^Method 5310 D (Wet-Oxidatiori Method). Prior to analysis, DOC samples must be filtered
Stags 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
Appendix E-11
June 2001
-------
through a 0.45 urn pore-diameter filter. Water passed through the filter prior to filtration of the sample must
serve as the filtered blank. This filtered blank must be analyzed using procedures identical to those used for
analysis of the samples and must meet the following criteria: DOC < 0.5 mg/L. DOC samples must be
filtered through the 0.45 urn pore-diameter filter prior to acidification. DOC samples must either be
analyzed or must be acidified to achieve pH less than 2.0 by minimal addition of phosphoric or sulfuric acid
as soon as practical after sampling, not to exceed 48 hours. Acidified DOC samples must be analyzed
within 28 days.
(ii) Ultraviolet Absorption at 254 nm (UV254). Method 5910 B (Ultraviolet Absorption Method). UV
absorption must be measured at 253.7 nm (may be rounded off to 254 nm). Prior to analysis, UV254
samples must be filtered through a 0.45 urn pore-diameter filter. The pH of UV254 samples may not be
adjusted. Samples must be analyzed as soon as practical after sampling, not to exceed 48 hours.
(5)pH. All methods allowed in §141.23(k)(l) for measuring pH.
§141.132 Monitoring requirements.
(a) General requirements. (1) Systems must take all samples during normal operating conditions.
(2) Systems may consider multiple wells drawing water from a single aquifer as one treatment plant for
determining the minimum number of TTHM and HAA5 samples required, with State approval in
accordance with criteria developed under §142.16(h)(5) of this chapter.
(3) Failure to monitor in accordance with the monitoring plan required under paragraph (f) of this section
is a monitoring violation.
(4) Failure to monitor will be treated as a violation for the entire period covered by the annual average
where compliance is based on a running annual average of monthly or quarterly samples or averages and the
system's failure to monitor makes it impossible to determine compliance with MCLs or MRDLs.
(5) Systems may use only data collected under the provisions of this subpart or subpart M to qualify for
reduced monitoring.
(b) Monitoring requirements for disinfection byproducts.
(1) TTHMs and HAAS, (i) Routine monitoring. Systems must monitor at the frequency indicated in the
following table:
June 2001 Appendix E-12 Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
-------
ROUTINE MONITORING FREQUENCY FOR TTEM AND HAAS
Type of system
Subpart H system serving at least
10,000 persons
Subpart H system serving from
500 to 9,999 persons
Subpart H system serving fewer
than 500 persons
System using only ground water
not under direct influence of
surface water using chemical
disinfectant and serving at least
10,00,0 persons "•...'.•
System using only ground water
not under direct influence of
surface water using chemical
disinfectant and serving fewer than
10,000 persons
Minimum Monitoring
Frequency
four water samples per
quarter per treatment plant
one water sample per
quarter per treatment plant
one sample per year per
treatment plant during
month of warmest water
temperature ;
one water sample per
quarter per treatment plant2
Sample Location in ihe distribution ,
System.- ; . : _,
At least 25 percent of all samples'
collected each quarter at locations
representing maximum .residence time.
Remaining samples taken at locations
representative of at least average
residence time in the distribution
system and representing the entire
distribution system, taking into account
number of persons served, different
sources of water, and different
treatment methods'.
Locations representing maximum
': residence time1,
Locations representing maximum
residence time1. ,If the sample (or
average'of annual samples, if more than
one sample is taken) exceeds the MCL,
.. the system must increase monitoring to
one sample per treatment plant per
quarter, taken at a point reflecting the ,
maximum residence time in the
distribution system, until the system
meets reduced monitoring criteria in
paragraph (b)(l)(iy) of this section.
Locations representing maximum
residence time1.
one sample per year per
treatment plant2 during
month of warmest water
temperature
. Locations representing maximum
residence time1. If the sample (or
average of annual samples, if more than
one sample is taken) exceeds the MCL,
ffig system must increase monitoring to
. _,'•- one sample per treatment plant per
• quarter, taken at a point reflecting the
.,.' maximum residence time in the
. , distribution system, until the system
meets criteria in paragraph (b)(l)(iy) of
-.'-: :'• this section for reduced monitoring.
1-If a system elects to sample more frequently than the minimum required, at least 25 percent of all samples
collected each quarter (including those taken in excess of the required frequency) must be taken at locations that
represent the-maximum residence time of the water in the distribution system. The remaining samples must be
taken at locations representative of at least average residence time in the distribution system. . ".
2 Multiple wells drawing water from a single aquifer may be considered one treatment plant for determining the
minimum number of samples required, with ,State approval in accordance with criteria developed under,
§142.16l5(5):of this chapter. ; ; V "• . .. :
Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance . Appendix E-13 ,
June 2001
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(ii) Systems may reduce monitoring, except as otherwise provided, in accordance with the following table:
REDUCED MONITORING FREQUENCY FOR TTHM AND HAAS
IF YOU ARE A... YOU MAY REDUCE TO THIS LEVEL
MONITORING IF YOU
HAVE MONITORED AT
LEAST ONE YEAR AND
YOUR...
Subpart H system serving
at least 10,000 persons
which has a source water
annual average TOC level,
before any treatment, £
4.0 mg/L
Subpart H system serving
from 500 to 9,999
persons which has a
source water annual
average TOC level, before
any treatment, £ 4.0 mg/L
System using only ground
water not under direct
influence of surface water
using chemical
disinfectant and serving at
least 10,000 persons
System using only ground
water not under direct
influence of surface water
using chemical
disinfectant and serving
fewer than 10,000
persons
TTHM annual average s;0.040
mg/L and HAAS annual
average ^0.030mg/L
TTHM annual average =s0.040
mg/L and HAAS annual
average s0.030mg/L
TTHM annual average <;0.040
mg/L and HAA5 annual
average ^0.030mg/L
TTHM annual average £0.040
mg/L and HAAS annual
average ^0.030mg/L for two
consecutive years OR TTHM
annual average ^0.020 mg/L
and HAAS annual average
:s0.015mg/L for one year
one sample per treatment plant per quarter at
distribution system location reflecting
maximum residence time
one sample per treatment plant per year at
distribution system location reflecting
maximum residence time during month of
warmest water temperature. NOTE: Any
Subpart H system serving fewer than 500
persons may not reduce its monitoring to less
than one sample per treatment plant per year.
one sample per treatment plant per year at
distribution system location reflecting
maximum residence time during month of
wannest water temperature
one sample per treatment plant per three year
monitoring cycle at distribution system
location reflecting maximum residence time
during month of warmest water temperature,
with the three-year cycle beginning on January
1 following quarter in which system qualifies
for reduced monitoring.
(iii) Systems on a reduced monitoring schedule may remain oh that reduced schedule as long as the
average of all samples taken in the year (for systems which must monitor quarterly) or the result of the
sample (for systems which must monitor no more frequently than annually) is no more than 0.060 mg/L and
0.045 mg/L for TTHMs and HAAS, respectively. Systems that do not meet these levels must resume
monitoring at the frequency identified in paragraph (b)(l)(i) of this section (minimum frequency column) in
the quarter immediately following the monitoring period in which the system exceeds 0.060 mg/L or 0.045
mg/L for TTHM orHAA.5, respectively. For systems usittg only ground water not under the direct influence
of surface water and serving fewer than 10,000 persons,,if either the TTHM annuataverage is >0.080 mg/L
or the HAAS annual average is >0.060 mg/L, the system must go to the increased monitoring identified,in
paragraph (b)(l)(i) of this section (sample location column) in the quarter immediately following the
monitoring period in which the system exceeds 0.080 mg/L or 0.060 mg/L for TTHMs or HAA5
respectively.
(iv) Systems on increased monitoring mav return to routine monitoring if, after at,least one year of
monitoring their TTHM annual average is <; 0.060 mg/L and their HAA5 annual average is ^0,045 mg/L.
June 2001
Appendix E-14
Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
-------
fv| The State may return ..a system to routine monitoring at the State's discretion.
: (2) Chlorite. Community and nqntransieht noncommunity water systems using chlorine dioxide, for
disinfection;br oxidation,,must conduct monitoring for chlorite. , v J
(i) Routine monitoring. (A) Daily monitoring. Systems must take daily samples at the entrance to the
distribution system. For any daily sample that exceeds the chlorite MCL, the system must take additional
. samples m the distribution system the following day at the locations required by paragraph (b)(2)(ii) of this
section, in addition to ;the sample required at me entrance to the distribution system.
(B) Monthly monitoring. Systems must take a three-sample set each month in the distribution system.
The system must take one sample at each of the following Ideations: near the first customer, at a location
representative of average residence; time, and at a location reflecting maximum residence time in the
distribution system. Any additional routine sampling must be conducted in the same manner (as three-
sample sets, at the specified locations). The system may use the results of additional monitoring conducted
under paragraph (b)(2)(ii) of this section to meet the requirement for monitoring in this paragraph.
(if) Additionalmonitoring. On each day following a routine sample monitoring result that exceeds Hip.
chlorite MCL at the entrance to the distribution system, the system is .required to take three chlorite
distribution system samples at the following locations: as close to the first customer as possible, in a location
representative of average residence time, and as close to the end of the distribution system as possible
(reflecting maximum residence tirne in the.distribution system).
(iii) Reduced monitoring. (A) Chlorite monitoring at the entrance to the distribution-system required by
paragraph (b)(2)(i)(A) of this section may not be reduced.
(B) Chlorite monitoring in the distribution system requiredby paragraph(b)(2)(i)(B) of this section may be
reduced to one three-sample set per quarter after one year of monitoring where no individual chlorite sample
taken in the distribution system under paragraph (b)(2)(i)(B) of .this section has exceeded the chlorite MCL
and the system has not been required to conduct monitoring under paragraph (b)(2)(ii) of this section. The
system may remain on the reduced monitoring schedule until either any of the three individual chlorite
samples taken monthly in the distribution system under paragraph (b)(2)(i)(B) of this section exceeds the
chlorite MCL or the system is required to conduct monitoring under paragraph (b)(2)(ii) of this Section, at
which time the system must revert to routine monitoring.
(3) Bromate. (i) Routine monitoring. Community and nontransient noncommunity systems using ozone,
for disinfection or oxidation, must take one sample per month for each treatment plant in the system using
ozone. Systems must take samples monthly at the entrance to the distribution system while the ozonation
system is operating under norrnal conditions. , ;
(ii) Reduced monitoring. Systems required to analyze for bromate may reduce monitoring from monthly
to once per quarter, if the system demonstrates that the average source water bromide concentration is less
than 0.05 mg/L based upon representative monthly bromide measurements for one year. The system may
remain on reduced bromate monitoring until the running annual average source water bromide
concentration, computed quarterly, is equal to or greater than 0.05 irig/L based upon representative monthly
measurements. If the running annual average source water bromide concentration is > 0.05 mg/L, the
system must resume routine monitoring required by paragraph (b)(3)(i) of this section.
(c) Monitoring requirements for disinfectant residuals.
(1) Chlorine and chloramines. (i) Routine monitoring. Community and, nontransient nojicommunity water
systems mat use chlorine or chloramines must measure the residual disinfectant level in distribution system
when total coliforrns are sampled, as specified in "§141.21. Subpart H systems may use the results of
residual disinfectant concentration sampling conducted under §141.74(b)(6)(i) for unfiltered systems or
§141.74(c)(3)(i) for systems which filter, in.lieu of taking separate samples.
(ii) Reduced monitoring. Monitoring may not be reduced.
(2) Chlorine Dioxide, (i) Routine monitoring; Community, nontransient nqncpmmunity, and transient
noncommunity water systems that use chlorine dioxide for disinfection or oxidation must take daily samples
at the entrance to the distribution system. For any daily sample that exceeds the MRDL, the system must
take samples in the distribution system the following day at the locations required by paragraph (c)(2)(ii) of
this section, in addition to thesample required at the entrance, to the distribution system, '.'.'•-
(ii) Additional monitoring. .On each day following a routine sample monitoring result that exceeds the
MRDL, the system is required to take three chlorine dioxide distribution system samples. If chlorine dioxide
Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance Appendix E-15 . June 2001
-------
or chloramines are used to maintain a disinfectant residual in the distribution system, or if chlorine is used to
maintain a disinfectant residual in the distribution system and there are no disinfection addition points after
the entrance to the distribution system (i.e., no booster chlorination), the system must take three samples as
close to the first customer as possible, at intervals of at least six hours. If chlorine is used to maintain a
disinfectant residual in the distribution system and there are one or more disinfection addition points after
the entrance to the distribution system (i.e., booster chlorination), the system must take one sample at.each
of the following locations: as close to the first customer as possible, in a location representative of average
residence time, and as close to the end of the distribution system as possible (reflecting maximum residence
time in the distribution system).
(iii) Reduced monitoring. Chlorine dioxide monitoring may not be reduced.
(d) Monitoring requirements for disinfection byproduct precursors (DBPP). .
(1) Routine monitoring. Subpart H systems which use conventional filtration treatment (as defined in
§141.2) must monitor each treatment plant for TOC no later than the point of combined filter effluent
turbidity monitoring and representative of the treated water. All systems required to monitor under this
paragraph (d)(l) must also monitor for TOC in the source water prior to any treatment at the same time as
monitoring for TOC in the treated water. These samples (source water and treated water) are referred to as
paired samples. At the same time as the source water sample is taken, all systems must monitor for
alkalinity in the source water prior to any treatment. Systems must take one paired sample and one source
water alkalinity sample per month per plant at a time representative of normal operating conditions and
influent water quality.
(2) Reduced monitoring. Subpart H systems with an average treated water TOC of less than 2.0 mg/L for
two consecutive years, or less than 1.0 mg/L for one year, may reduce monitoring for both TOC and
alkalinity to one paired sample and one source water alkalinity sample per plant per quarter. The system
must revert to routine monitoring in the month following the quarter when the annual average treated water
TOC *2.0 mg/L.
(e) Bromide. Systems required to analyze for bromate may reduce bromate monitoring from monthly to
once per quarter, if the system demonstrates that the average source water bromide concentration is less
than 0.05 mg/L based upon representative monthly measurements for one year. The system must continue
bromide monitoring to remain on reduced bromate monitoring. •
(f) Monitoring plans. Each system required to monitor,under this subpart must idevelop and implement a
monitoring plan. The system must maintain the plan and make it available for inspection by the State and
the general public no later than 30 days following the applicable compliance dates in § 141.130(b). All
Subpart H systems serving more than 3300 people must submit a copy of the monitoring plan to the State
no later than the date of the first report required under §141.134. The State may also require the plan to be
submitted by any other system. After review, the State may require changes in any plan elements. The
plan must include at least the following elements.
(1) Specific locations and schedules for collecting samples for any parameters included in this subpart.
(2) How the system will calculate compliance with MCLs, MRDLs, and treatment techniques.
(3) If approved for monitoring as a consecutive system, or if providing water to a consecutive system,
under the provisions of § 141.29, the sampling plan must reflect the entire distribution system.
§141.133 Compliance requirements.
(a) General requirements. (1) Where compliance is based on a running annual average of monthly or
quarterly samples or averages and the system fails to monitor for TTHM, HAA5, or bromate, this failure to
monitor will be treated as a monitoring violation for the entire period covered by the annual average. Where
compliance is based on a running annual average of montiily or quarterly samples or averages and the
system's failure to monitor makes it impossible to determine compliance with MRjDLs for chlorine and
chloramines, this failure to monitor will be treated as a monitoring violation for the entire: period covered by
the annual average.
(2) All samples taken and analyzed under the provisions of this subpart must be included in determining
compliance, even if that number is greater than the mrnimum required.
June 2001 . " Appendix E-16 Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
-------
(3) If, during the first year of monitoring under §141.132, any individual quarter's average will cause the
"running annual average of that system to exceed the MCL, the system is out of compliance at the end of
thatquarter. " ; - ,-.. : : : - •'-.• ' :
(b) Disinfection byproducts. >• ." , , • •'
(1) TTHMs and HAAS. (1) For systems monitoring quarterly, compliance with MCLs iri §141.64 must
be based on a running annual arithmetic average, computed quarterly, of quarterly arithmetic averages of all
samples collected by the system as prescribed by §141.132(b)(l).
. (ii) For systems monitoring less frequently than quarterly, systems demonstrate MCL compliance if the
average of 'samples taken that year under the provisions of §141.132(b)(l) does not exceed the MCLs in
§141.64. If the average of these samples exceeds the MCL, the system must increase monitoring to once
per quarter per treatment plant and such a system is not in violation of the MCL until it has completed one
year of quarterly monitoring, unless the result of fewer than four quarters of monitoring will cause the
running annual average to exceed the MGLj in which case the system is in violation at the end of that
quarter. Systems required to increase monitoring frequency to quarterly monitoring must calculate
cdmpliance by including the sample -which triggered the increased monitoring plus the following three
quarters -of monitoring.
(iii) If the running annual arithmetic average of quarterly averages covering any consecutive four-quarter
period exceeds the MCL, the system is in violation of the MCL and must notify the public -pursuant to
§141.32 or §141.32, whichever is effective for your system, in addition to reporting to the State pursuant
to §141.134.
(iv) If aPWS fails to complete four consecutive quarters of monitoring, compliance with the MCL for the
last four-quarter compliance period must be based on an average of the available data.
(2). Bromate. Compliance must be based on a running annual arithmetic average, computed quarterly, of
monthly samples (or, for months in which the system takes more than one sample, the average of all
samples taken during the month) collected by the system, as prescribed by §14 1.1 32(b)(3). If the average of
samples covering any consecutive four-quarter period exceeds the MCL, the system is in violation of the
MCL and must notify the public pursuant to §141,32, in addition to reporting to the State pursuant to ,
§141.134. If aPWS fails to complete 12 consecutive months' monitoring, compliance with the MCL for the
last four-quarter compliance period must be based oil an average of the available data.
(3). Chlorite. Compliance must be based on an arithmetic average of each three sample set taken in the
distribution system as prescribed by §T41.132(b)(2)(i)(B) and §141.132(b)(2)(ii). If the arithmetic average
of any three sample sets exceeds the MCL, the system is in violatioh;of the MCL arid must notify the public
pursuant to subrjktfj^, in addition to reporting to the State pursuant to §141.134.
(c) Disinfectant residuals . . •- • : • ...-"., ;..-"'. • •
(1) Chlorine and chloramines. (i) Compliance must be based on a running annual arithmetic average,
computed quarterly, of monthly averages of all samples collected by the system under §141.132(c)(l). If
the average ^^ua^c^yi'.^v^d^ps covering any consecutive four-quarter period exceeds the MRDL, the
system is in violation of the MRDL and must notify the public pursuant to §141.32, in addition to reporting
to the State pursuant to §141.134. - ; • :1 v -'
(ii) In cases where systems switch between the use of chlorine and chloramines for residual disinfection
during the year, compliance must be determined by including together all monitoring results of both chlorine
and chloramines in calculating compliance. Reports submitted pursuant to §141.134 must clearly indicate
which residual disinfectant was analyzed for each sample.
(2) Chlorine dioxide, (i) Acute violations. Compliance must be based on consecutive daily samples
collected by the system under. §141. 132(c)(2). If any daily sample taken at the entrance to the distribution
system exceeds the MRDL, and on the following day one (or more) of the three samples taken in the
distribution system exceed the MRDL, the system is hi violation of the MRDL and must take immediate
.corrective action to lower the level of chlorine dioxide below the MRDL and must notify the public pursuant
to the procedures for acute health risks in s^patKQ. ^Failure to take samples in the distribution system the
day following an exceedance of the chlorine dioxide MRDL at the entrance to the distribution::system will
also be considered an MRDL violation and the system must notify the public of the violation in accordance
with the provisions for acute violations under subpart'Q in addition to reporting the State pursuant to
" -
Stage 1 DBPR Implementation Guidance Appendix E-17 June 2001
-------
(ii) Nonacute violations. Compliance must be based on consecutive daily samples collected by the system
under §141.132(c)(2). If any two consecutive daily samples taken at the entrance to the distribution system
exceed the MRDL and all distribution system samples taken are below the MRDL, the system is in violation
of the MRDL and must take corrective action to lower the level of chlorine dioxide below the MRDL at the
point of sampling and will notify the public pursuant to the procedures for nonacute health risks in subpart Q
in addition to reporting the State pursuant to §141.134; Failure to monitor at the entrance to the distribution
system the day following an exceedance of the chlorine dioxide MRDL at the entrance to the distribution
system is also an MRDL violation and the system must notify the public of the violation in accordance with
the provisions for nonacute violations under §141.32(e)(78) ££adjStio1i tatepo^
§141.134. • " ; ' " "..• ': ""' • "' ""•"""""• : '•."".•
(d) Disinfection Byproduct Precursors (DBPPX Compliance must be determined as specified by
§141.135(c). Systems may begin monitoring to determine whether Step 1 TOC removals can be met 12
months prior to the compliance date for the system. This monitoring is not required and failure to monitor
during this period is not a violation. However, any system that does not monitor during this period, and
then determines in the first 12 months after the compliance date that it is not able to meet the Step 1
requirements in §141.135(b)(2) and must therefore apply for alternate minimum TOC removal (Step 2)
requirements, is not eligible for retroactive approval of alternate minimum TOC removal (Step 2)
requirements as allowed pursuant to §141.135(b)(3) and is in violation. Systems may apply for alternate
minimum TOC removal (Step 2) requirements any time after the compliance date. For systems required to
meet Step 1 TOC removals, if the value calculated under §141.135(c)(l)(iv) is less than 1.00, the system is
in violation of the treatment technique requirements and must notify the public pursuant to §141.32, in
addition to reporting to the State pursuant to § 141.134.
§141.134 Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
(a) Systems required to sample quarterly or more frequently must report to the State within 10 days after
the end of each quarter in which samples Were collected, notwithstanding the provisions of §141.31.
Systems required to sample less frequently than quarterly must report to the State within 10 days after the
end of each monitoring period in which samples were collected.
(b) Disinfection byproducts. Systems must report the information specified in the following table:
June 2001 Appendix E-l 8 Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
-------
IP YOU ARE A...
(1) System monitoring for TTHMs
and HAA5 under the requirements
of §141.132(b) on aquarterly or
more frequent basis.
(2) System monitoring for TTHMs
and HAA5 under the requirements
of §141.132(b) less frequently
than quarterly (but at least
annually).
(3) System monitoring for TTHMs
and HAA5 under the requirements
of §141.132(b) less frequently
than annually.
(4) System monitoring for chlorite
under the requirements of
§141.132(b).: .,- '.
(5) System monitoring for bromate
under the requirements of
§141.132(b)
YOU MUST REPORT...1
(i) The number of samples taken during the last quarter. •' ; ;
(ii) The location, date, and result of each sample taken during the last
• quarter. :
(iii) The arithmetic average of all samples taken in the last quarter.
(iv) The annual arithmetic average of the quarterly arithmetic averages of
this section for the last four quarters. .
(V) Whether, based on §141.133(b)(l), the MCL was violated.
(i) The number of samples taken during the last year.
(ii) The location, date, and result of each sample taken during the last
monitoring period.
(iii) The arithmetic average of all samples taken over the last year.
(iv) Whether, based on J14L133(b)(l), the MCL was violated.
(i) The location, date, and result of the last sample taken,
(ii) Whether, based on §141.133(b)(l), the MCL was violated.
(i) The number of entry point samples taken each month for the last 3
.months. , : .,
(ii) The location, date, and result of each sample (both entry point and
distribution system) taken during the last quarter.
(iii) For each month in the reporting period, the arithmetic average of all
samples taken in eachjhree sample set taken in the distribution system.
(4) Whether,based on §141.133(b)(3), the MCL was violated, and in
which month, and how many times it was violated each month.
(i) The number of samples taken during the last quarter.
(ii) The location, date, and result of each sample taken during the last
quarter.
(iii) The arithmetic average of the monthly arithmetic averages of all
samples taken in the last year.
(iv) Whether, based on § Ii41,133(b)(2), the MCL was violated.
The State may choose to perform calculations and determine whether the MCL was exceeded, in lieu of having
the system report that information.
Stage 1' DBPR ImplementationGuidance Appendix E-19
June 2001
-------
(c) Disinfectants. Systems must report-the information specified in the following table:
IF YOU ARE A... YOU MUST REPORT...1
System monitoring for chlorine or (1) The number of samples taken during each month of the last quarter.
chloramines under the (2) The monthly arithmetic average of all samples taken in each month
requirements of §141.132(c) for the last 12 months.
(3) The arithmetic average of all monthly averages for the last 12
months.
(4) Whether, based on §141.133(c)(l), the MRDL was violated.
System monitoring for chlorine (1) The dates, results, and locations of samples taken during the last
dioxide under the requirements of quarter.
§141.132(c) (2) mether, base;i^
(3) Whether the MRDL was exceeded in any two consecutive daily
samples and whether the resulting violation was acute or nonacute.
1 The State may choose to perform calculations and determine whether the MRDL was exceeded, in lieu of having
the system report that information.
* . . .
(d) Disinfection byproduct precursors and enhanced coagulation or enhanced softening. Systems must
report the information specified in the following table:
June 2001 Appendix E-20 Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
-------
IF YOU ARE A...
System monitoring monthly or
quarterly for TOC under the '
requirements of §l4l,132(d)
and required to meet the
enhanced coagulation or
enhanced softening
requirements in
§141,135(b)(2)or(3) -
System monitoring monthly or
quarterly for TOC under the
requirements of §141.132(d)
and meeting one or more of the
alternative compliaiice criteria
in§14L135(a)(2)or(3)
YOU MUST REPORT...1
(1) The number of paired (source water and treated water) samples taken
during the last quarter,
(2) The location, date, and results of each paired sample and associated
alkalinity .taken during the last quarter.,- •
(3) For each month in the reporting period that paired samples were taken, the
arithmetic average of the percent reduction of TOC for each paired sample and
the required TOC percent removal. :
(4) Calculations for determining compliance with the TOC percent removal
requirements, as provided in §141.135(c)(l).
(5) Whether the system is in compliance with the enhanced coagulation or
enhanced softening percent removal requirements in § 141.135(b) for the last
four quarters.
(1) The alternative compliance criterion that the system is using.
(2) The number of paired samples taken during the last quarter.
(3) The location, date, and result of each paired sample and associated
alkalinity taken during the last quarter.
(4) The running annual arithmetic average based prt monthly averages (or
quarterly samples) of source water TOC for systems meeting a criterion in
§141.135(a)(2)(i) or (Hi) or'of treated water TOC for systems meeting the
criterion in,§141.135(a)(2)(ii).
(5) The running annual'arithmetic average based on monthly averages (or
quarterly samples) of source water SUVA for systems meeting the criterioriln
§ 141.135(a)(2)(v) or of treated water SUVA for systems meeting the criterion
m§14U3S(a)(2)(vi).
(6) The running annual average of source^vater alkalinity for systems meeting
the criterion in §141.135(a)(2)(iii) and of treated water alkalinity for systems
meetingthe criterion in §141.135(a)(3)(i).
(7) The running annual average for both TTHM and HAA5 for systems meeting
the criterion in § 141.135(a)(2)(iii) or (iv).
(8) The running annual average of the amount of magnesium hardness removal
(as CaCO3, in mg/L) for systems meeting the criterion in §141.135(a)(3)(ii).
;(9) Whether the system is in compliance with the particular alternative :
compliance criterion in §141.135(a)(2) or (3).
'• The State may choose to perform calculations and determine whether the treatment technique was metj in lieu of
having the system report that information.
Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance: AppendixE-2r
June 2001
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§141.135 Treatment technique for control of disinfection byproduct (DBF) precursors.
(a) Applicability. (1) Subpart H systems using conventional filtration treatment (as defined in §141.2 )
must operate with enhanced coagulation or enhanced softening to achieve the TOG percent removal levels
specified in paragraph (b) of this section unless the system meets at least one of the alternative compliance
criteria listed in paragraph (a)(2) or (a)(3) of this section.
(2) Alternative compliance criteria for enhanced coagulation and enhanced softening systems. Subpart H
systems using conventional filtration treatment may use the alternative compliance criteria in paragraphs
(a)(2)(i) through (vi) of this section to comply withthis section in lieu of complying with paragraph (b) of
this section. Systems must still comply with monitoring requirements in §141.132(d).
(i) The system's source water TOC level, measured according to §141.131(d)(3), is less than 2.0 mg/L,
calculated quarterly as a running annual average.
(ii) The system's treated water TOC level, measured according to §141.131(d)(3), is less than 2.0 mg/L,
calculated quarterly as a running annual average
(iii) The system's source water TOC level, measured according to §141.131(d)(3), is less than 4.0 mg/L,
calculated quarterly as a running annual average; the source water alkalinity, measured.according to
§ 141.131(d)(l), is greater than 60 mg/L (as CaCO3), calculated quarterly as a running annual average; and
either the TTHM and HAAS running annual averages are no greater than 0.040 mg/L and 0.030 mg/L,
respectively; or prior to the effective date for compliance in §141.130(b), the system has made a clear and
irrevocable financial commitment not later than the effective date for compliance in §141.130(b) to use of
technologies that will limit the levels of TTHMs and HAAS to no more than 0.040 mg/L and 0.030 mg/L,
respectively. Systems must submit evidence of a clear and irrevocable financial commitment, in addition to
a schedule containing milestones and periodic progress reports for installation and operation of appropriate
technologies, to the State for approval not later than the effective date for compliance in §141.130(b).
These technologies must be installed and operating not later than June 30, 2001, Failure to install and
operate these technologies by the date in the approved schedule will constitute a violation of National
Primary Drinking Water Regulations.
(iv) The TTHM and HAAS running annual averages are no greater than 0.040 mg/L and 0.030 mg/L,
respectively, and the system uses only chlorine for primary disinfection and maintenance of a residual in the
distribution system.
(v) The system's source water SUVA, prior to any treatment and measured monthly according to
§141.131(d)(4), is less than or equal to 2.0 L/mg-m, calculated quarterly as a running annual average.
(vi) The system's finished water SUVA, measured monthly according to §141.131(d)(4), is less than or
equal to 2.0 L/mg-m, calculated quarterly as a running annual average.
(3) Additional alternative compliance criteria for softening systems. Systems practicing enhanced softening
that cannot achieve the TOC removals required by paragraph (b)(2) of this section may use the alternative
compliance criteria in paragraphs (a)(3)(i) and (ii) of this section in lieu of complying with paragraph (b) of
this section. Systems must still comply with monitoring requirements in §141.132(d).
(i) Softening that results in lowering the treated water alkalinity to less than 60 mg/L (as CaCO3), measured
monthly according to §141.131(d)(l) and calculated quarterly as a running annual average.
(ii) Softening that results in removing at least 10 mg/L of magnesium hardness (as CaCO3), measured
monthly and calculated quarterly as an annual running average.
(b) Enhanced coagulation and enhanced softening performance requirements.
(1) Systems must achieve the percent reduction of TOC specified in paragraph (b)(2) of this section
between the source water and the combined filter effluent, unless the State approves a system's request for
alternate minimum TOC removal (Step 2) requirements under paragraph (b)(3) of this section.
(2) Required Step 1 TOC reductions, indicated in the following table, are based upon specified source
water parameters measured in accordance with §141.131(d). Systems practicing softening are required to
meet the Step 1 TOC reductions in the far-right column (Source water alkalinity >120 mg/L) for the
specified source water TOC:
June 2001 Appendix E-22 Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
-------
Step 1 Required Removal of TOC by Enhanced Coagulation and Enhanced Softening for Subpart H
Systems Using Conventional Treatment1'^
Source-Water TOC,
mg/L , ':;•••:=...:;
>2.0-4.0
>4.0-8.0
>8.0
Source-Water Alkalinity^ mg/L as GaCO3
0-60
". -.-'.^pfei*ettt);... '-.-• .
3.5.0% . ' .
45.0%;
50.0%
>60-420
(percent)
25.0%
•'.'• 35.0%
40.0%
V - >1203 '-....
(percent)
15.0%
25.0%
30.0%
'Systems meeting at least one of the conditions in paragraph (a)(2)(i)-(vi) of this section are not required to
operate with enhanced coagulation. .
2 Softening systems meeting one of the alternative compliance criteria in paragraph (a)(3) of this section are not
required to operate with enhanced softening. :
-•'Systems practicingsoftening;must meet the TOC removal requirements in this column. :
""--_. - - ' ' -'''- '.."", " — "'"."-- f*
(3) Subpart H conventional treatment systems that cannot achieve the Step 1 TOC removals required by
paragraph (b)(2) of this section due to water quality parameters or operational constraints must apply to the
State, within three months of failure to achieve the TOC removals required by paragraph (b)(2) of this
section, for approval of alternative minimum TOG (Step 2) removal requirements submitted by the system.
If the State approves the alternative minimum TOC removal (Step 2) requirements, the State may make
those requirements retroactive for the purposes of determining compliance. Until the State approves the
alternate mrnimum TOC removal (Step 2) requirements, the system must meet the Step 1 TOC removals
contained in paragraph (b)(2) of this section. ,
(4) Alternate minimum TQC removal (Step 2) requirements. Applications made to the State by enhanced
coagulation systems for approval of alternate minimum TOC removal (Step 2) requirements under
paragraph (b)(3) of this section must include^ at a minimum, results of bench- or pilot-scale testing
conducted under paragraph (b)(4)(i) of this section. The submitted bench- or pilot- scale testing must be
used to determine the alternate enhanced coagulation level. . .
(i) Alternate enhanced coagulation level is defined as: ,
Coagulation at a coagulant dose and pH as determinedby the method described in paragraphs
(b)(4)(i) through (v) of this section such that an incremental addition of 10 mg/L of alum (or
equivalent amount of ferric salt) results ina TOC removal of < 0,3 mg/L. The percent removal of
TOC at this point on the "TOC removal versus coagulant dose" curve is then defined as the
minimum TOC removal required for the system. Once approved by the State, this minimum
requirement supersedes the minimum TQC removal required by the^ble in paragraph (b)(2) of this
section.. This requirement will be effective until such time as the State approves a new Value based
on the results of a new bench-.and pilot-scale test. Failure to achieve State-set alternative minimum
TOC removal levels is a violation of National Primary Drinking Water Regulations.
(ii) Bench- Or pilot-scale testing of enhanced coagulation must be conducted by using representative water
samples and adding 10 mg/L increments of alum (or equivalent amounts of ferric salt) until the pH is
reduced to a level less than or equal to the enhanced coagulation Step 2 target pH shown in the following
table:* •. • ••. '.", "• :•''. '"•' . - * • " • '. - - - ' . • . '"'-•"'•.'••- -...•."•'- ;.- • •
Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance Appendix E-23
June 2001
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ENHANCED COAGULATION STEP 2 TARGET pH
ALKALINITY
(mg/L as CaCO3)
0-60
>60-120
>120-240
>240
TARGET pH
5.5
6,3
7.0
7.5
(iii) For waters with alkalinities of less than. 60 mg/L for which addition of small amounts of alum or
equivalent addition of iron coagulant drives the pH below 5.5 before significant TOC removal occurs, the
system must add necessary chemicals to maintain the pH between 5.3 and 5.7 in samples until the TOG
removal of 0.3 mg/L per 10 mg/L alum added (or equivalent addition of iron coagulant) is reached.
(iv) The system may operate at any coagulant dose or pH necessary (consistent with other NPDWRs) to
achieve the minimum TOC percent removal approved under paragraph (b)(3) of this section.
(v) If the TOC removal is consistently less than 0.3 mg/L of TOC per 10 mg/L of incremental alum dose
at all dosages of alum (or equivalant addition of iron coagulant), the water is deemed to contain TOC not
amenable to enhanced coagulation. The system may then apply to the State for a waiver of enhanced
coagulation requirements.
(c) Compliance Calculations. (1) Subpart H systems other than those identified in paragraphs (a)(2) or
(a)(3) of this section must comply with requirements contained in paragraphs (b)(2) or (b)(3) of this section.
Systems must calculate compliance quarterly, beginning after the system has collected 12 months of data,
by determining an annual average using the following method:
(i) Determine actual monthly TOC percent removal, equal to:
(1 - (treated water TOC/source water TOC)) x 100.
(ii) Determine the required monthly TOC percent removal (from either the table in paragraph (b)(2) of
this section or from paragraph (b)(3) of this section).
(iii) Divide the value in paragraph (c)(l)(i) of this section by the value in paragraph (c)(l)(ii) of this
section.
(iv) Add together the results of paragraph (c)(l)(iii) of this section for the last 12 months and divide by 12.
(v) If the value calculated in paragraph (c)(l)(iv) of this section is less than 1.00, the system is not in
compliance with the TOC percent removal requirements.
(2) Systems may use the provisions in paragraphs (c)(2)(i) through (v) of this section in lieu of the
calculations in paragraph (c)(l)(i) through (v) of this section to determine compliance with TOC percent
removal requirements.
(i) In any month that the system's treated or source water TOC level, measured according to
§141.131(d)(3), is less than 2.0 mg/L, the system may assign a monthly value of 1,0 (in lieu of the value
calculated in paragraph (c)(l)(iii) of this section) when calculating compliance under the provisions of
paragraph (c)(l) of this section.
(ii) In any month that a system practicing softening removes at least 10 mg/L of magnesium hardness (as
CaCO3), the system may assign a monthly value of 1.0 (in lieu of the value calculated in paragraph (c)(l)(iii)
of this section) when calculating compliance under the provisions of paragraph (c)(l) of this section.
(iii) In any month that the system's source water SUVA, prior to any treatment and measured according to
§141.131(d)(4), is ^2.0 L/mg-m, the system may assign a monthly value of 1.0 (in lieu of the value
calculated in paragraph (c)(l)(iii) of this section) when calculating compliance under the provisions of '
paragraph (c)(l) of this section.
(iv) In any month that the system's finished water SUVA, measured according to §141.131(d)(4), is ^2.0
L/mg-m, the system may assign a monthly value of 1.0 (in lieu of the value calculated in paragraph
(c)(l)(iii) of this section) when calculating compliance under the provisions of paragraph (c)(l) of this
section.
June 2001
Appendix E-24
Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
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(v) In any month that a System practicing enhanced softening lowers alkalinity below 60 mg/L (as CaCO3),
the system may assign a monthly value of 1.0 (in lieu of the value calculated in paragraph (c)(l)(iii) of this
section) when calculating compliance under the provisions of paragraph (c)(l) of this section.
(3) Subpart H systems using conventional 'treatment may also comply with the requirements of this section
by meeting the criteria in paragraph (a)(2) or (3) of this section. . . ,
(d) Treatment Technique Requirements for DBF Precursors. The Administrator identifies the following as
treatment techniques to control the level of disinfection byproduct precursors in drinking water treatment
and distribution systems: For Subpart H systems using conventional treatment, enhanced coagulation or
enhanced softening. "...-"-,
11. Section 141.154 is amended by adding paragraph (e) to read as follows:
§141.154 Required additional health information.
*'•••" *•'•'*..'•".•*••. * '. . • - . ", -' •.-' • . • . '
(e) Community water systems that detect TTHM above 0.080 mg/1, but below the MCL in § 141.12, as an
annual average, monitored and calculated under the provisions of §14L30, must include health effects .
language prescribed by paragraph (73) of appendix C to subpart O.
PART 142 - NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS IMPLEMENTATION
12. The authority citation for Part 142 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 300f, 300g-l, 300g-2 300g-3, 300g-4, 300g-5, 300g-6, 300J-4, 300J-9, and
300J-11. :Y ; . -•; ': -;-.•
1.3, Section 142.14 is amended by adding new paragraphs (d)( 12), (d)( 13), (d)( 14), (d)(i5)j and(d)(16) to
read as follows.
§142.14 Records kept by States.
- *. • * * - *'•',-•.* ...''•• • • '.-''.-.'•'• • •-
(d) * ** . :' ..• - - --. - '" "- '" " - • ":;.,;.: .•-.- \ :' • '•-.' -.. •/ -' '-. . . . -••' :
(12) Records of the currently applicable or most recent State determinations, including all supporting
information and an explanation of the technical basis for each decision, made under the following provisions.:
of 40 CER part 141, subpart L for the control of disinfectants and disinfection byproducts. These records
must also include interim measures toward installation.
(i) States must keep records of systems that are installing GAC or membrane technology in accordance
with §141.64(b)(2) of this chapter. These records must include the date by which the system is required to
have completed installation.
(ii) States must keep records of systems that are required, by the State, to meet alternative minimum TOC
removal requirements or for whom the State has determined that the source water is riot amenable to
enhanced coagulation in accordance with §141.135(b)(3) and (4) of this chapter, respectively. These
.records must include the alternative limits and rationale for establishing the alternative limits, :
(iii) States must keep records of subpart H systems using conventional treatmerit meeting any of the
alternative compliance criteria in §141,135(a)(2) or (3) of this chapter. :
(iv) States must keep a register of qualified operators that have met the State requirements developed
under § 142.16(f)(2). ; ;; : ; '.:: ' ; /•; ,
(13) Records of systems with multiple wells considered to be oiie treatment plant '-in accordance "with.
§141,132(a)(2) of this chapter and §142.16(f)(5). ;
(14) Monitoring plans for subpart H systems serving more than 3,300 persons in accordance with
§141.132(f>of this chapter: /:/ Y :
(15) List of laboratories approved for analyses in accordance with §141.131(b) of this chapter.
(16) List of systems required to monitor for disirifectarits and disinfection byproducts in accordance with
partl41, subpart L of this chapter. The list must indicate what disinfectants and DBPs, other than chlorine,
TTHM, and HA AS, if any, are measured. , :
Stage\.l'DBPRImplementation Guidance AppendixE-25 - June 2001
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14. Section 142.16 is amended by adding paragraph (h) to read as follows.
§142.16 Special primacy requirements.
# * * * * . .•-,-..'"• J. ., :
(h) Requirements for States to adopt 40 CFR part 141, subpart L. In addition to the general primacy
requirements elsewhere in this part, including the requirement that State regulations be at least as stringent as
federal requirements, an application for approval of a State program revision that adopts 40 CFR part 141,
subpart L, must contain a description of how the State will accomplish the following program requirements:
(1) Section 141.64(b)(2) of this chapter (interim treatment requirements). Determine any interim
treatment requirements for those systems electing to install GAC or membrane filtration and granted
additional time to comply with §141.64 of this chapter,
(2) Sectionl41.130(c) of this chapter (qualification of operators). Qualify operators of public waiter
systems subject to 40 CFR part 14.1, subpart L. Qualification requirements established for operators of
systems subject to 40 CFR part 141, subpart H - Filtration and Disinfection may be used in whole or in part
to establish operator qualification requirements for meeting 40 CFR part 141, subpart L requirements if the
State determines that the 40 CFR part 141, subpart H requirements are appropriate and applicable for
meeting subpart L requirements.
(3) Section 141.131(c)(2) of this chapter (DPD colorimetric test kits). Approve DPD colorimetric
test kits for free and total chlorine measurements. State approval granted under §141.74(a)(2) of this
chapter for the use of DPD colorimetric test kits for free chlorine testing is acceptable for the use of DPD
test kits in measuring free chlorine residuals as required in 40 CFR part 141, subpart L.
(4) Sections 141.131(c)(3) and (d) of this chapter (State approval of parties to conduct analyses).
Approve parties to conduct pH, bromide, alkalinity, and residual disinfectant concentration measurements.
The State's process for approving parties performing water quality measurements for systems subject to 40
CFR part 141, subpart H requirements in paragraph (b)(2)(i)(D) of this section may be used for approving
parties measuring water quality parameters for systems subject to subpart L requirements, if the State
determines the process 'is appropriate and applicable.
(5) Section 141.132(a)(2) of this chapter (multiple wells as a single source). Define the criteria to
use to determine if multiple wells are being drawn from a single aquifer and therefore be considered a single
source for compliance with monitoring requirements.
(6) Approve alternate minimum TOC removal (Step 2) requirements, as .allowed tinder the
provisions of §141.135(b) of this chapter. ..''•-
June 2001 Appendix E-26 Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
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Appendix F
Examples of Stage 1 DBPR
Monitoring Forms for States
This appendix contains example monitoring forms that may be helpful if your state is developing
monitoring forms for the Stage 1 DBPR. These examples are provided for demonstration purposes
only. Therefore, instructions for completing the forms are not provided.
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This page is left intentionally blank.
June 200J Appendix F-2 Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
-------
Contents
Examples of Selected Quarterly Reports .-. . . . . ... ....... ... . ........ ., . . , . . . . . -..-. ....... 5
State of Wyoming
A. Sample Generic Quarterly Report Format .................................. 1
B. Sample Quarterly Report for TOC Removed ....................... ...9
C. Sample Quarterly Report for Finished Water Magnesium Removed .............. 10
State of Texas
D. Sample Monthly TOC Removal Report . . . ..../....: . ................ 11
Examples of Worksheets (These May Be Used in Conjunction with Quarterly Reports) . 13
State of Wyoming .
A, Sample Chlorine/Chloramine Residual Worksheet . . . .... . . .... . . . . . . 15
B. Sample TTHM Worksheet . . . , . .... . . ... ....:..... .... ... 16
; C. Sample HAAS Worksheet .-.. .............. . 17
D. Sample TOC Removed Worksheet . . . . .:". .......... . . . . . . . ............... 18
E. Sample Finished Water Magnesium Removed Worksheet 19
F. Sample Source Water Alkalinity and TOC and Finished Water TOC for Those Systems on
; an Alternative Compliance Criteria Worksheet ............ . . ..... .-, .20
Examples for Systems Using Chlorine Dioxide .. .. •, .......... 21
State of Wyoming
A. Sample Quarterly Report for Daily Chlorine Dioxide Sampling with a Chlorine Booster
Station . ........................ ... . . . i ........... 23
B. Sample Quarterly Report for Daily Chlorine Dioxide Sampling with No Chlorine Booster
Station;. .... . . ..... . . . . . .... . . . ; . ... .'.. . . . . , . . ............. 24
C. Sample Quarterly Report to the Primacy Agency for Daily, Monthly, and Additional
Chlorite Sampling 24
State of Texas
D. Sample Chlorine Dioxide Monthly Operating Report ....... . . .... . . . 25
Other Reporting Forms ..... .... ...... . ..................,.,.;... 27
Stateof Texas
Sample Alternative Compliance Criteria Report Forms . . . .... ... . . . . .... . . . . . . .... . . . 29
Sample Step 2 Jar Test Report . .-. . . ... ..... ..... ..../.. ..:...., .:,-".'. ........... 31
Stage 1JDBPR Implementation Guidance Appendix F-3 June 2001
-------
This page is left intentionally blank.
June 2001 Appendix F-4 Sttige 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
-------
Examples of Selected Quarterly Reports
State of Wyoming
A. Sample Generic Quarterly Report Format ...... . . . .... ... .... . . ....... . . . .:. 7
B. Sample Quarterly Report for TOC Removed . . ............................ , . . 9
C Sample Quarterly Report for Finished Water Magnesium Removed ..!....,. 10
State of Texas
D. Sample Monthly TOC Removal Report '.-..: ... . ..... ,. . . . ...... .'..11
Stage 1DBPRImplementation Guidance AppendixF-5 June2001
-------
This page is left intentionally blank.
June 2001 Appendix F-6 Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
-------
A. Sample Generic Quarterly Report Format
(Based on Submission From the State of Wyoming - see next page for ideas on use.)
D
P1
PJ
#*
1.
yo
##
mi
an
-dii
Quarterly Report to thfe Primacy Agency for the Running Annual Average (RAA)
fojr [insert constituent],
ate: System/Treatment Plant
WSID# Filtration Technology : '•' :
-eparedBy (Include lab
Column #1
Check one
1st Quarter
(report by April 10th)
2nd Quarter
(report by July 10th)
3rd Quarter ,
(report by Oct 10th-)'
4th Quarter
(report by Jan 10th)
January of 20_ -_. ..
February of 20 __
March of 20 __
April of 20 .__
May of 20 __
June of 20 __-.
July of 20
August of 20 __
Septemberiof 20
October of 20 __
November of 20
December of 20 _ _
^ "~ ^
' * • '
his sample is the average o
Calculation of Quarterly A
. mg/L then, add all three n
ur quarterly average.) •
*Calculation of Running A
j/L, quarterly average for t
d quarterly average for the
/ide this time by 4. For exe
Column #2
\insert constituent]
Monthly Data [insert
units]*
-
~
*,** ^ ^ ~* *?< **1 >
f all samples taken during i
verage: If the number for J
lumbers up and divide by 3
niiual Average: If the numt
tie 2tfd quarter was 1,2 mg/L
4th quarter was 1.8 mg/L tr
anple..a.5 + 1.2+ 1.1 + 1
oratory results from the last quarter.)
Column #3
\insert constituent
Quarterly Average
[insert units]**
" 0 >* " "
-. >.V '' '//>;* V ;-v
•fj * *•? *•" v i
•> »* % * f
" -,'' ' "'- ^'v/'/;/' i
' * t, ' ''/ *
' i $ i ,* *, •
" f /? ^ £ " ? ^^
• ' ,* 1 ' '/' , '• '
^ *^J/-" ".
*!• -^ ° J-
0 ^ fl ^ A
-*. X % .
^ j, ^
- .
" ^ V * ^ ^ V
*" X
4, ^ X i
c -. ^ v ^
?,' , ', ' '
y ^^^^.^tfsx ^
" * "^ •>
£ * V X -$
' « «•* -^
^ „ -fr ^^
a ^ ^. fl i
^ 0- S
he month
an. was, 1.5.mg/L, Feb. was 1.9 mg/L and March was
. For example, f i;5 + 1.9 + 1.1)= 1.5 me/L Cthis is
• • "-'•:3-. "
>er for quarterly average foi
,, quarterly average for the
ten, add all four quarterly a
8) = 1.4 mg/L (this is your
..-.--... -:v - -.4 - . - • -
"
.-.-•"-
the 1st quarter was 1.5
3rd quarter was 1 . 1 mg/L
verage numbers up and
running annual average.)
Stage 1DBPRImplementation Guidance AppendixF-7
June 2001
-------
EXAMPLES OF CONSTITUENTS FOR GENERIC FORMAT
r .j. ^ _._, ,,___ _, ,„ r- ._-_.-.,-, r > o
alternative compliance criteria. Constituents that can be inserted may include:
• Chlorine
• Chloramines
• Bromate for systems using ozone
• Haloacetic Acids Five
• Total Trihalomethanes
• Source Water Bromide for systems using ozone to reduce monitoring for bromate
• Finished Water Alkalinity
• Source Water Alkalinity
• Finished Water SUVA
• Source Water SUVA
• Source Water Total Organic Carbon
• Finished Water Total Organic Carbon
• Finished Water Total Organic Carbon for Reduced Monitoring of Source Water Alkalinity and TOC and
Finished Water TOC
• Magnesium Removed
• Ratio of TOC Removed
See examples from the State of Wyoming on the following pages using the generic format. Please note there may be
exceptions to the generic form.
Some of these quarterly reports may also be used in conjunction with worksheets to assist in calculations. See the
next section for examples of selected Worksheets.
June 2001 Appendix F-8 Stage 1DBJPR Implementation Guidance '
-------
B. Sample Quarterly Report for TOC Removed From the State of Wyoming
(May be used in conjunction with worksheet. See page F-18 for accompanying worksheet.)
...-..- - -•••'-.' -..-•- -••: ' --.''-•'• - . - . . ' ' . - : •".' ' --,-•".
Quarterly Report to the Primacy Agency for the Running Annual Average (RAA)
for Total Organic Carbon Removed
(?
to
D
Pi
Pi
*C
th<
ay
**
qu
av
ex
. . • - . • .--.'' - ' ' . •
•' • . '. •• - • ',''.-•• •-•••' • ' .". ' • - ' ' •
WSs utilizing conventional treatment must maintain a RAA of greater than 1.00 for the ratio of TOC removed
be in compliance.) ; ' ; •
ate: Svstem/Treatment Plant
WSID# Filtration Technology
•epared Bv -, (Include 1,
Column #1
Check one
1st Quarter
(report by April 10th)
2nd Quarter
(report by July 10th) ;
3rd Quarter
(report by Oct 10th)
4* Quarter
(report by Jan 10th)
January of 20.
February of .20
March of 20 __
April of 20 _ _
Mayof20_,,_,x
June of 20 __
July of 20
August of '20
September of 20 _ 2!
October of 20 __
November of 20
December of 20
- "*•?"'•%
i j **'*'»*#''
Calculation of Quarterly Aver
ai, add all three numbers up a
erage.) •
Calculation of Running Anni
artefly average for .the 2nd qu
erage for the 4th quarter was 1
ample, (1.5 + 1.2+1.1 + 1.8
•• .'-••: 4 • <;":'•
Ratio of
TOC Removed
Monthly Data
(from column F of tne
1st page of this report)
-
*> ** '*' I * v "
age: If the number for Jan, wz
nd divide by 3. For example,
- - - •
lal Average: If the number fo
arter was 1 ,2 mg/L, quarterly
.8 mg/L then, add all four qu
) = 1 .4 mg/L (this is your run
.
iboratory results from the. last quarter.)
Ratio of \
TOC Removed
Quarterly Average
(mg/L)*
' ,' •> * > >
'' ' ~'~ ", ; 1 "* 'I ' ~ •> 4
* *? ^
-"V ",- ", , '
" •* ^ '
'";,' "/,- * " '
•i o *• <• _, -> *
^ \ 1 f S*r -f
%>r* -
^ -^ •>* $ >. s # /*• ~
- *> r ** \ ~0-
„ f „ „ ;,',"' -, '
is 1 .5 mg/L, Feb. was 1 .9 mg
(l;5 + 1.9+l.lV=1.5mg/I
3
r quarterly average for the 1 st
average for the 3rd quarter w<
arterly average numbers up a
ning annual average.)
. " - • -
Ratio of
TOC Removed
Running Annual
Average (mg/L)**
> '
" •> •, 'j
* , <• >
f f
f < *•
. -
•— "^ t ^
"".> ~ v
* *> ' r ' ' V1 "
^ f if,
s " ' '' ' ^ v*~f
« " "
{ if
' ^ / ^,^" ^ ^
" -K < >- *
V" ' ." , \, '\
,/*' -
rL and March was 1 .1 mg/L
^ (this is your quarterly
•. • - - ' " '
quarter was 1.5 mg/L,
is 1.1 mg/L and quarterly
nd divide this time by 4. For
Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance Appendix F-9
June 2001
-------
Sample Quarterly Report for Finished Water Magnesium Removed From the
State of Wyoming
(May be used in conjunction with worksheet. See page F-19 for accompanying worksheet.)
Additional Alternative Compliance Criteria for Softening Svstems #2
Quarterly Report to the Primacy Agency for the Running Annual Average (RAA)
for Finished Water Magnesium Removed
OF
ar
m
D
F
Pi
*S
rei
**
the
av
**
qu
av
ex
'or a PWS that practices softening that cannot meet the TOC removal requirements for enhanced coagulation
id chooses this additional alternative compliance criteria must maintain a RAA of greater than 10 mg/L for
agnesium removed between the source water and treated water.)
ate: Svstem/Treatment Plant
iVSH)# Filtration Technology ' ««
epared Bv (Include 1
Check one
1" Quarter
(Report by April 10th )
2nd Quarter
(Report by July 10ll>)
3rd Quarter
(Report by Oct 10th)
4th Quarter
(Report by Jan 10lh )
January of 20
February of 20
March of 20 __
April of 20 __
May of 20
June of 20 __
July of 20
August of 20 _ _
September of 20 __
October of 20 __
November of 20
December of 20
Magnesium
Removed
Monthly Data (mg/L)*
(from column C of page
1 of this report)
'
amples must be taken at the source prior to treatment any
noved, seepage 1 of this report.
Calculation of Quarterly Average: If the number for Jan. \
;n, add all three numbers up and divide by 3. For example,
erage.)
*Calculation of Running Annual Average: If the number f
arterly average for the 2nd quarter was 1.2 rng/L, quarterly
erage for the 4th quarter was 1 .8 mg/L then, add all four qu
ample, (1.5 + 1.2+ 1.1 + 1.8") = 1.4 mg/L (mis is vourrun
4
aboratory results from the last quarter.)
Magnesium
Removed
Quarterly Average
(mg/L)**
s ** r ^
:. ' * - *'
•V -* „ f
>.
/ ' 1 * '
<- * s- °
,
J i f s *
, f «< >- _,
,.
after treatment to determine
ras 1.5 mg/L, Feb. was 1.9 m
f 1.5 + 1.9 + 1.1) = 1.5 ma/I
3 - . - .
or quarterly average for the 1
average for the 3rd quarter w;
arterly average numbers up a
ning annual average,)
Magnesium
Removed
Running Annual
Average (mg/L)***
^ v ' J
'» , , ' •> '
f *>
ff f*
„
'
-^ "
r ^ * >
/< / '*
f '
- < % l '
' ' , '' ' ' '
'. - • ''' ""'*.*'"'
the amount of magnesium
g/L and March was 1 . 1 mg/L
^ (this is your quarterly
st quarter Was 1 .5 mg/L,
is 1.1 mg/L and quarterly
ad divide this time by 4. For
June 2001
Appendix F-10
Stage 1DBPRImplementation Guidance
-------
D; Sample Monthly TOC Removal Report From the State of Texas
PUBLIC WATER
SYSTEM NAME:
PWS ID No.
Type of treatment:
•'••--' ' • ' ' ' ." •• . • • - ' " • '
n/IONTHLY TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON REMOVAL REPORT (TOC-IWOR)
FOR SURFACE WATER OR GROUND WATER UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF SURFACE WATER SYSTEMS
PLANT NAME OR NUMBER:
I ' •
Conventional
I
Month
Unconvenbbnal, explain
Year: . '
Note: Systems are required to run one TOC Sample Set every month Additional space is provided for those systems that do additional sampling
Data
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
• 11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21.
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Avg
Max
Min
Monthly TOC Sam
,.,R?^ Raw TOC
Alkalinity |
pie Set
Treated
TOC
Required plant data
1
•
•> »
Actual %
TOC
.Removed
calculated
*
Stepl
Required %
Removal
from matrix
^
*' ;'" ,*
:^\ ' -
Stepl
-.Removal
RATIO
calculate^
f
TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON (TOC)
' TOC Summary
Raw Water Alkalinity
Raw Water TOC
Treated Water TOC
i ••
Optional data
Step 2 Required
;%,Remova!
attach StepSform
Step 2
'Removal
'•Ratio
ea/cu/ated
v
^
~'> " °"
,^ f
""' /> 2
ACC # used
altach
ACC
Removal
Ratio
calculated
COMPLIANCE
REMOVAL RATIO
calculated
REMOVAL SUMMARY
TOC % Removal Summary
TOC % Removal | Requirement
TOC Removal
Ratio
1 certify that 1 am familiarwlth the nformat'on contained in this report and that, to the besfo'f my
- knowledge, the information is true, complete, and accurate. - . . ,
' - : - - - = . Certificate '
Operator's Sianature: . ' , . No. and Grade: '- Date- " -'
• " - ~ ' - • , ~ " '
-•- - '. • ' ' • - •
Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance,
Appendix F-l 1
June 2001
-------
This page is left intentionally blank.
June 2001 Appendix F-12 Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
-------
Examples of Worksheets
(These May Be Used in Conjunction with Quarterly Reports)
State of Wyoming
A. Sample Chlorine/Chloramine Residual Worksheet . . . ... . . . .... . . . 15
B. Sample TTHM Worksheet .. .... ... . . . . ... . . . ..... 16
C. Sample HAA5 Worksheet . . . . .'.. ...... . . . . . ..... . . ... .... .... . . . . . . ... . .'. . . .17
D. Sample TOC Removed Worksheet . . ....... . . ................... ... ...... .... 18
E. Sample Finished Water Magnesium Removed Worksheet '. ... 19
F. Sample Source Water Alkalinity and TOC and Finished Water TOC for Those Systems on an
Alternative Compliance Criteria Worksheet . . .... . 20
Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance Appendix F-13 June 2001
-------
This page is left intentionally blank.
0
June 2001 AppencJix F-14 Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
-------
A, Sample Chlorme/Chloramlne Residual Worksheet From tlie State of Wyoming
(1
le
ar
to
to
re
R
. M
Th
1
2
3
- •' • ; - - . : •../,. - •- • • , ' '••:.•. •-.' ••-•'-,:--- .. •
Chlorine/Chloramine Residual Worksheet
Tiis worksheet is provided to assist a system hi calculating the average of all chlorine or chloramme residual
vels recorded during total coliform sampling during the month. Each row will contain only one residual level
id will be located under one of the following headings: routine, repeat, increased routine or other compliance
tal coliform sample. The number from this row will be carried over to column F and summed on the second
last row of the table. The number calculated at the bottom right of this table is the average of all the months
sidual levels and is the number that is entered for that month hi the second column of the chlorine/chloramine
AA monitoring form.) - . -. /
onth Year
A
# of Samples
(1,2, 3, etc.) ;•
' • : -
B
Chlorine/
Chloramine
Level Recorded
for Routine
Total Coliform
Sample
(mg/L)
V
- "
* -.-""' - -
C
Chlorine/
Chloramine
Level Recorded
for Repeat
Total Coliform
Sample
' (mg/L)
-
'D
„ Chlorine/
Chloramine
Level Recorded
for Increased
Routine'Total
Coliform
Sample
(mg/L)
,
E
Chlorine/
Chloramine
Level Recorded
for Other
Compliance
Total Coliform
Sample
,(mg/L)
-
. *.--..Vr
..-.'. Add all the numbers in column F and enter the sum here»
Calculate the average of all residual levels for the month by dividing the sum of column F by
the total number of samples in column. A (F/A). Enter 'this average into the 2nd column of the
monitoring form for calculating the RAA for chlorine/chlorammes.
e monitoring forms for compliance with chlorine dioxide
- ...
Quarterly Report to the Primacy Agency for Daily,
using Chlorine Dioxide.
Quarterly Report to the Primacy Agency for Daily (
for Systems using Chlorine Dioxide.
Quarterly Report to the Primacy Agency for Daily <
station) for Systems using Chlorine Dioxide.
and chlorite are:
Monthly, and Addil
Chlorine Dioxide S
Chlorine Dioxide S
ional Chlorite Sam
ampling (no chlorii
ampling (with a. chl
F
Carry the
Chlorine/
Chloramine
Level in B, or
C, or D, or E to
this column
'(mg/L)
(there should be
only one
sample per row)
•%,;,. - •
' ...
pling for Systems
le booster station)
orine booster
Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
Appendix F-15
June 2001
-------
B. Sample TTHM Worksheet From the State of Wyoming
a
di
fo
cc
M
TTHM Worksheet
Tiis worksheet is provided to assist a system in calculating the average of all TTHM samples that were taken
iring the month when more than one sample is required. The number calculated at the bottom right of this
rm is the average of all the months samples and is the number that is entered .for that month hi the second
>lumn of the TTHM RAA monitoring form.)
onth Year
A
# of Samples
(1, 2, 3, etc.)
B
Chloroform
(mg/L)
>
C
Brombform
(mg/L)
r>
Bromodichloro ',.
methane
(mg/L)
E
Dibromochloro
methane
(mg/L)
Add all the numbers in column F for, TTHMs and enter the sum here»
Calculate the average of all samples for the month; by dividing the sum of column F by
the total number of samples in column A (F/A). Enter" this average into the 2nd column
of the monitoring form for calculating me RAA for TTHMs.
F
TTHMs
(mg/L)
(B+C+D+E)
June 2001
Appendix F-16
Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
-------
C. Sample HAAS Worksheet From the State of Wyoming
(1
di
fo
CO
M
.";- ' :'. HAAS Worksheet \ ; .
'his worksheet is provided to assist a ;system in calculating the average of all HAAS samples that were taken
iring the month when more than one sample is required, The number calculated at the bottom right of this
rm is the average of all the months samples and is the number that is entered for that month in the second
lumn of me HAAS RAA monitoring form.)
bnth ; Year -
A. •>.•' .
# of
Samples
(1,2,3,
etc.)
*
B
Monochloro
acetic acid
(mg/L)
-
C' -
Dichloro
acetic acid
(mg^)
-
'
D
Trichloro
acetic acid'
(mg/L) ,
-
-
^
E
Monobromo ,
acetic acid ,
(mg/L)
±
-
F
Dibromo
acetic acid
(mg/L)
-
Add all the numbers in column G for HAASs and enter the sum here»
Calculate the average of all samples for the month "by dividing the sum of column G by
the total number of samples in column A (G/A). JSnterjhis average into the 2nd column of
the monitoring form for calculating the RAA for HAASs.
G
HAAS
(mg/L)
(B+C+D+E
+F)
-
••";•'•- ' - - " - " '
Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
Appendix F-l 7
June 2001
-------
D. Sample TOC Removed Worksheet From the State of Wyoming
(To be used in conjunction with quarterly report.)
(I
re
H
fi
A
D
P
P
*j
ap
ad
ds
=M
son
so
2.
th
sy
all
Quarterly Repo
>WSs utilizing conventiona
•moved to be in compliance
as reduced monitoring beei
nished water TOC (yes/no)
Itemative Minimum TOC I
ate: Svstem/Tr
WSID # F
repared Bv
rt to the Primacy Agency for the Running Annual Average (RAA)
for Total Organic Carbon Removed ;•
1 treatment must maintain a RAA of greater than 1.00 for the ratio of TOC
>•) . , " .,.•; •.-.--. !
i granted for source water alkalinity and TOC and
? '•••••• - • • ' ' . • '.'
lemoval Step
eatment Plant
iltration Tech
2 (if applica
bls\ fs
ubstitute this # in column C)
nologv
(Include
Months of 20__
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
A
Alkalinity
Source
mg/L*
B
TOC
Source
mg/L*
laboratory results from the last quarter.)
C
Percent
TOC
Removed
(from
table)
D
TOC
Finished
(mg/L)*
E
Actual'
TOC
Removed
(l-(D/B))x-,
100 '
F
Ratio of
TOC
Removed
E/C**
Samples for alkalinity and TOC at the source must be taken prior to any treatment including disinfectant
plication and finished water TOC sample must be taken at the combined filter effluent and prior to the
dition of disinfectants (if possible). All three of these samples must be taken on the same hour of the same
ty. ;
'Transfer this data to the 2nd page of this report to column 2 entitled "Ratio of TOC Removed Monthly Data"
id calculate the RAA of the percent TOC removed. If it benefits the PWS, in any month that the system's ,
urce or treated water TOC is less than 2.0 mg/L, the source or treated water SUVA is less than or equal to
0 L/mg-m or a system that practicing softening removes at least 10 mg/L of magnesium hardness or lowers
e alkalinity below 60 mg/L the system may assign a monthly value of 1.0 in lieu of the calculated value. A
stem able to meet any one of the six alternative compliance criteria is required to report the source water
calinity and TOC and finished water TOC but not required to perform the TOC removal calculation.
June 2001
Appendix F-18
Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
-------
E. Sample Finished Water Magnesium Removed Worksheet From the State of
Wyoming ..;. -,.'.'•• •'". ';--/-';-:'.:'.•';::;. ;•-••'.-• .'.-.'.'.":''-••.:.• ..".-. ' --: ••'. "'- ; - •'
(To be used in conjunction with quarterly report.)
Additional Alternative Compliance Criteria for Softening Systems #2
Quarterly Report to the Primacy Agency for the Running Annual Average (RAA)
for Finished Wafer Magnesium Removed.
...OP
af
be
th
D
P1
Pi
*S
**
• #*
fo
or a PWS that practices softening that cannot meet the TOC removal requirements for enhanced coagulation
id chooses this additional alternative compliance criteria must calculate the amount of magnesium removed
tween the source water prior to 'any ; treatment and the finished water. The PWS must also report quarterly.,
e monthly levels of source water alkalinity and TOC and finished water TOC.)
ate: Svstem/Treatment Plant
MSID# Filtration Technologv
epared Bv (Include 1;
Months of 20__
January
February
March
April
May
June '
July
August
September
October
November
December
A ;;•'-.-
Source Water \
Magnesium
(mg/L)*
-
..;: "
:" ;
-
•
' . .
iboratory results>from the last quarter.)
B<>
Finished Water
Magnesium
-(mg/L)**
-
-
-
C
Magnesium
Removed
(mg/L)***
(A-B)
•ample must be taken at the source prior to treatment
Sample must be taken after treatment .'"...".' ,
• . - ,.'.•-.'"..'• ; •' ; . ; • .'.'..• '-.-••'"'••.
*Transfer this number to page two of this report to column 2 entitled "Magnesium Removed Monthly Data"
r calculating the RAA of magnesium removed.
Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
Appendix F-19
June2001
-------
F. Sample Source Water Alkalinity and TOC and Finished Water TOC for Those
Systems on an Alternative Compliance Criteria Worksheet From the State of
Wyoming
c
(C
T<
re
R
D
P^
Pr
*IJ
all
fin
dis
juarterly Report to the Primacy Agency f
and Finished Water TOC for th<
Conventional PWSs utilizing an alternative c(
DC and finished water TOC. Systems on re
port on the RAA of the finished water TOC
2quirements for Reduced Monitoring have b
ate: Svstem/Treatment Plant
or Source Water Alkalinity and Total Organic Carbon (TOC)
»se Systems on an Alternative Compliance Criteria.
jmpliance criteria must also report source water alkalinity and
duced monitoring from monthly to quarterly must also submit the
•> " '
een met (yes/no) - , , , •
WSID # Filtration Technoloev "
epared Bv
Months of 20__
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
(Include laboratory results ;from the last quarter.)
Alkalinity
Source
mg/L*
,
'
TOC ^
Source
mg/L*
**
•
'
TOC
Treated
mg/L*
;%v. • "'
' ' ' ':%;v
Fthe system is on reduced monitoring then only one sample of each is required per quarter. Samples for
:alinity and TOC at the source must be taken prior to any treatment including disinfectant application and
ished water TOC sample must be taken at the combined filter effluent and prior to the addition of
infectants (if possible). All three of these samples must be taken on the same hour of the same day.
June 2001
Appendix F-20
Stage 1DBPR Implementation Outdance
-------
Examples for Systems Using Clilorine Dioxide
(These May Be Used in Conjunction with Quarterly Reports)
State of Wyoming ,
A. Sample Quarterly Report for Daily Chlorine Dioxide Sampling with a Chlorine Booster Station . . . 23
B. Sample Quarterly Report for Daily Chlorine Dioxide Sampling with No Chlorine Booster
Station. . . . . . . ., . .',..,;. ... ,. . ,-. . ..:... •/... . .... '.','•. • 24
C. Sample Quarterly Report to the Primacy Agency for Daily, Monthly, and Additional Chlorite
Sampling ....... ..................................... ... . 24
State of Texas
D. Sample Chlorine Dioxide Monthly Operating Report , . . . 25
Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance Appendix F-21 . ..,..'- June 2001
-------
This page is left intentionally blank.
June 2001 Appendix F-22 Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
-------
A. Sample Quarterly Report for Daily Chlorine Dioxide Sampling with a Chlorine
Booster Station From the State of Wyoming
'.-•<
• (1
sa
nc
th
th
D
P>
Pi
Quarterly Report
Tie PWS must mo
mples exceeding C
macute violation.
e dist. system the
ree samples taken
ate: S^
NSID#
to the Primacy
stat
nitor for chlorine
.8 mg/L or failui
APWSexceedii
following day at
in the dist. syste
^stem/Treatment
Filtration
Agency for Dai
on) for System!
j dioxide daily a1
re to monitor a d
ig the daily chloi
the first eustonu
m exceed 0.8 m|
Plant
ly Chlorine Dioxide Sampling (with
5 using Chlorine Dioxide)
the entrance of the dist. system. Two
aily sample after exceeding 0.8 mg/L in
ine dioxide level of 0.8 mg/L must take
;r, average and maximum residence tim
l/L, it' is an acute violation.)
. - . .
a chlorine booster
consecutive daily
a daily sample is a
a 3-sample set in
e. If any one of the
Technology
epafedBv CIncluc
Year
Month
1
2
3
4
5 - ..- -
6
7
8
9,
10
11
12
13
14 .
15
•.•!--• -
25
26
27
28 ,
29 ,•.-•
30
31
C102
Daily Data
(mg/L)
C1O2 Dist.
First
Customer
(mg/L) ,
*•
!
.
•
.
e laboratory results from the last quarter.)
C1O2 Dist.
Average
Residence tune
(mg/L) v '
-
-
7 :-•;
, '^':-~..
-
*•
' . . •
C1O2 Dist.
Maximum
Residence
Time
(mg/L)
C1O2 Dist.
Highest Level ..
fasM
, •
".: ' - •: •- ' •'•'--.. ' ; • .' .-• "- • • • . : . ' • / : • - '.'. --'./ • • "'• '
Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
Appendix F-23
June 2001
-------
B. Sample Quarterly Report for Daily Chlorine Dioxide Sampling with No
Chlorine Booster Station From the State of Wyoming
(Th
Off
dk»
oft!
Dat
PW
Prcj
Quarterly Report to the Primacy Agency for Daily Chlorine Dioxide Sampling (no chlorine booster
station) for Systems using Chlorine Dioxide.
c PWS must monitor for chlorine dioxide daily at the entrance of the dist. system. Two consecutive daily samples exceeding 0.8 rhg/L
lilure to monitor a daily sample after exceeding 0.8 mg/L in a daily sample is a nonacute violation. A PWS exceeding the daily chlorine
tide level of 0.8 mg/L must take a 3-sample set in the dist. system the following day at the first customer at six hour intervals. If any one
ic three samples taken in the dist. system exceed 0.8 mg/L, it is an acute violation.)
e: System/Treatment Plant
SID# Filtration Technoloev
pared Bv
Year
Month
1
2
3
•
31
C102
Daily Data
(mg/L)
Include laboratory results-from the last quarter.)
C1O2 Dist.
First Customer
at 0 Hours
(mg/L)
CIO2 Dist.
First Customer f
at 6 Hours '
(mg/L)
C1O2 Dist.
First Customer
-at 12 Hours
(mg/L)
C1O2 Dist.
Highest Level
(mg/L)
C. Sample Quarterly Report to the Primacy Agency for Daily, Monthly, and
Additional Chlorite Sampling
II
CTh
cusl
set
cxc
Dat
PW
Pre
Quarterly Rej
c PWS must monit
omer, average and
n the dist. system
seds 1.0 mg/L the s
c: Svs
SID#
>ort to the Pric
or for chlorite daily
maximum residenc
it the first custorrie
>ystem has a nonaci
tern/Treatment PI
Filtration Tec
nacy Agency for Daily, Monthly, and Addit
Systems using Chlorine Dioxide).
at the entrance of the dist. system and one monthly 3-sar
e time. A PWS exceeding the daily chlorite level of 1.0 r
r, average and maximum residence time the following da
ate violation.) Reduced monitoring Thas been granted for r
ant
ional Chlorite
nple set in the dist
ng/L must take an ;
y. If the average o
nonthly monitoring
hnoloev T- ? ">„'
pared Bv (Include lab<
Year
Month
1
2
3
31
Chlorite
Daily Data
(mg/L)
Routine
Monthly or
Additional
Dist. Sample
jratojy results from the last quarter.)
Distribution
Chlorite at
First Customer
(mg/L)
Distribution
Chlorite at
Average Time
(mg/L)
Distribution
Chlorite at
Max. Time
(mg/L)
Sampling (for
system at the first
idditional 3-sample
fany 3-sample set
Cyes/no)
Average of
Three Dist.
Samples
(mg/L)
June 2001
Appendix F-24
Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
-------
D. Sample Chlorine Dioxide Monthly Operating Report From the State of Texas
PWS NAME:
PWS I.D. Number:
Report Month:
CHLORINE DIOXIDE MONTHLY OPERATING REPORT
FOR PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS
PLANTNAME
OR NUMBER:
Connections:
Year: ' Population:
RAW DATA
DATE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
CKfe
Used?
^
.,
C102
POE
^
~~ _
}
CIOz Distribution
First
Sec.
-
.
.
Third
•>
5
f
Chlorite
POE
"
.
-
-
i
.
-
"#> Limit
Max.
Mm.
Avg.
DATA SUMMARY
CI02
POE'
CI02 Distribution
No. of Sets:
First
Sec.
Third
^
Chlorite
POE
DIST
'
<
„
~— •
Chlorite Stock Solution
g/L chlorite
g/L chlorate
BAfbrCIOs 7
Date 1
I Chlorite Distribution Monitoring :
Booster Chlorination No 1 I No of Sets
Chlorine Dioxide (CIOz) Violations
^'V>'>"-r^ ^,°^ Violations
Acute MRDL
Non Acute MRDL
Monitoring
Public Notified?
Date(s): "
TNRCC Notified?
Date(s):
'Chlorite (ClOzl Violations ';
J'{ \ ^ ^ ^ „ ^ No. of Violations
MCL Vidaltdn TBD hy the TNRCC
Monitoring
Public Notified?
Date{s):|
TNRCC Notified?
Date(s): 1
GENERAL REMARKS ABOUT CIO2 GENERATOR
i Total watertreatedJihislMdritHL: v!
' MG
' Sodlurir) Chlorite used this MonthV-
Ibs.
1 certify that 1 arn familiar with the information contained in this report and that, to trie best of my knowledge, the information is .true, complete, and accurate. "'..'.
Operator's Signature: . .''.•/. .
Certificate No. & Class: *
Date:
Stage 1DBPR implementation Guidance
Appendix F-25
June 2001
-------
This page is left intentionally blank.
June 2001 Appendix F-26 Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
-------
Other Reporting Forms
State of Texas
A. Sample Alternative Compliance Criteria Report Forms . . . . .... . ... . . . . ... . . ..... ...'.-. . 29
B. Sample Step 2 Jar Test Report .... .... . . .. ..; ...... ...... .... ............... .31
Stage 1DBPRImplementation Guidance - Appendixi?-27 . June2001
-------
This page is left intentionally blank.
June 2001 Appendix F-28 Stage 1DBPR ImplementationGuidance
-------
A. Sample Alternative Compliance Criteria Report Forms From the State of
Texas (Page 1)
ALTERNATIVE COMPLIANCE CRITERIA REPORT
FOR SURFACE WATER OR GROUND WATER UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF SURFACE WATER SYSTEMS
PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM
' ". .. NAME:_
PWSIDNo.:
PLANT NAME OR
NUMBER:
Month
Year
This Alternative Compliance Criteria (ACC) Report is being submitted to request the following ACC: (check one)
(Put an "X" in the box that shows the number of the Alternative Compliance Criteria you are applying for)
#1 I : -I #2| I #3l 1 #4 I I #5 I I #6 | | #7| | #8 |
ACC #1
Source Water TOC less tha
Actual Month/Yr
Monthly TOC
Quarterly Average
Yearly Average
n or equal to 2.0? (calculated quarterly as a runninq annual averaae)
1
2
x° ' ' •*> -- „ ,
* ~ /
3
#DIV/0!
^ X
4
.
5
V* *• -f >'
6
7
8
•4 r c"
?
9
10
11
; "t 1.
12
#2
Treated Water TOC less the
Actual Month/Yl
1 Monthly TOC
Quarterly Average
Yearly Average
in or equal to 2.0? (caIcufatedquarteriy::Ss-a. runninq annual averaqe)
1
2
5 -> * •)
~ />
3
SDIWOI
' >" ,
4
5
* " ^
v- * y"
6
•
7
8
^ V
9
, •
10
*
$
11
'* '
12
#3
Treated Water TOC less th;
AND Source water alkali
Actual MontMXi
Monthly TOC
Quarteriy Average TOC
Yearly Average TOC
Monthly Alkalinity
Quarterly Ave. ;AJkalinity
Yearly Ave. Alkalinity
AND TTHM and HAA5 n
ATTACH COPY O
in or equal to 4.0? (calculated quarterly as a running annual average) :
nity over 60 mci/L (as CaCO3)?:(calculated auarterlv as a runninq annual averaqe)
1
2
% '""I' ''"
"" ^ * V
3
SDivroi
s
4
5
' "",
f. •? $ v J}
' 1
6
*
•? s
-' 7
^
8 -
"S -
s
9
10 11 ,
" •>/•
x
-
' -
/
12
o greater than 0.040 mq/L and 0.030 mq/L. resoectivelv?
Yearly Averaqe TTHM: I I mgIL Yearly Averaqe HAAS: I |mg/L
F COMPLIANCE REPORT FOR DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS (TTHM AND HAAS)
TTHM and HAAS no greater than 0.040 mp/L and 0.030 mq/L. respectively?
Yearly Average TTHM: I I ma/L
Yearly Average HAAS:
Img/L
ATTACH COPY OF COMPLIANCE REPORT F(DR DISINFECTrON BY-PRODUCTS (TTHM AND HAAS)
AND only chlorine is used in the whole plant and distribution system.
I certify that for the last 12 months, only free *-^\ • "..-..,
chlorine was used as a disinfectant for primary ' . ..
disinfection and for maintenance of a residual in the
distribution system. >„,,, " ^ "'..•' ' " ' - '.'
Certified Operators Signature/ Certification Number/Date
I certify that I am familiar with the information contained in this report and
that, to the best of my knowledge, the information is true, complete, and
accurate.
Operator's
Signature:_
Certificate
No, and Grade:
Date:
Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
Appendix F-29
June 2001
-------
A. Sample Alternative Compliance Criteria Report Forms From the State of
Texas (Page 2)
ALTERNATIVE COMPLIANCE CRITERIA REPORT
FOR SURFACE WATER OR GROUND WATER UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF SURFACE WATER SYSTEMS
PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM PLANT NAME OR
NAME: NUMBER:
#5
#6
ACC #7
1*8
PWS ID No.:
Source water SUVA les;
(Source water SUVA is the disso
treatment of any kind. Measure
Actual Month/Yea
Monthly SUVA
Quarterly Average SUVA
Yearly Average SUVA
Treated water SUVA les
{Treated water SUVA Is the dlsso
any disinfection of any kind, or m
Finished water measu
Actual Month-Year
Monthly SUVA
Quarterly Average SUVA
Yearly Average SUVA
Treated water alkalinity
[softening practiced)
Actual Month-Year
Monthly Treated Alkalinity
Quarterly Ave. Treated Alk.
Yearly Ave. Treated Alk.
AND cannot achieve the
Stop 1 Compliance Summary:
Mannesium hardness re
softening practiced)
Actual Month-Yeai
Monthly Raw Mg. Hardness
Monthly Treated Mg. Hardness
Monthly Mg Removal
Quarterly Ave. Mg Removal
Yearly Ave. Mg Removal
Month
Year
> than or equal to 2.0 L/mg-m? (calculated quarterly as a running annual average)
ved organic carbon concentration divided by th"s ultraviolet light absorp'tion at 254 nanometers in.the source water before any
nonthlv.
1
2
3
4
»
5
'
,6
7
k
.
8
^
9 10
< '
11
12
s than or equal to 2.0 L/mg-m? (calculated quarterly as a rufming annual average)
Ived organic carbon concentratio'n divided by the ultraviofeflight absorption at 254 nanometers in the finished water .before
easured using a finished water SUVA tar test (See the Instruc
red: | [in Plant | | By Finished Water SUVA Jar Test (attach jar test report)
1
2
3
4
5
- '•
6
7
15 ^ ,.
8
9 10
11
f
12
ess than 60 mg/L (as CaCO3)7 (calculated quarterly as a running annual average)
1
• 2
Step 1 T
3
4
5
-, ;
6
'
7
x
8
t -
9 10
'/'
.. ,
11
'
12
OC removal
TOC % Removal Summary
TOC % Removal
moval greater than or equal to
1 '
2
-,
'
3
4
-
Requirement
TOC Removal Ratio
10 mq/L (as CaCO3)? (calculated
€
,•>« '
>
6
7
~- <
8
/ „
, j''
quarterly as a running annual
9 10
11
12
AND cannot achieve the Step 1 TOC removal
Stop 1 Compliance Summary:
TOC % Removal;Summary
TQC % Removal
^Requirement
1 certify that 1 am familiar with the information contained in this report and
that, to the best of my knowledge, the information is true, complete, and
accurate.
Operator's
Signature: .
TOC Removal Ratio
Certificate
No. and Grade:
Date:
June 2001
Appendix F-30 Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
-------
B. Sample Step 2 Jar Test Report From the State of Texas
STEP 2 JAR TEST REPORT
FOR SURFACE WATER ORGROUND WATER UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF SURFACE WATER SYSTEMS
PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM ( PLANTNAME
NAME:.. „ " OR NUMBER.
PWS ID No.
$&$Ke&«it*' ' ' JKt *"
Month Year - ./ '
^K??/ ii-^j -l^/^ax
COAGULANT BEING USED
COAGULANT CONC.
COAGULANT FEED RATE
RAW WATER FLOW RATE
^CURRENT OPE
RATING CONDITIONS- ,*l\ tX^^^-Vi^^iC^" " CV*
%
LBS/DAY ,
GPM
Maximum Allowable
Alum Dose in Jar 1'
ma/L
^
!^&'-F#Ji$3f$r& '^^"/f^^f&M^ DOSING- SOLUTION CALCULATIONS^!^*". \ f^ >V 1" °" *" "°s? •*$£ o*>A "
COAGULANT USED TO MAKE
THE DOSING SOLUTION:
Other C
Coagulant
Chemical Formula
Molecular Formula
Molecular Weight
Cationic Charge
(Alumimum Sulfate, Ferric chtoride,. )
,
rv COSQU
ante
AMOUNT OF COAGULANT NEEDED '"* *'""' '
TO MAKE 1 L OF DOSING SOLUTION: ' "< ; '
^&?M^£^W?~ Vv-
BASE •
,. Concentration ; ;
Type • '
-, '-(a'L)
-:•! ' '-
•ir^?;i:
'«' * «,"*>} **SB?^'
Jar No
RAW
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Operator's
Signature:
'^w^HM '-
COAGULANT
Dose
(mg/L)
-
,'
Volume
(mL)
MIXING CONDITIONS
Rapid Mix
Speed
(rpm)
Duration
•'(minutes)
Flocculation Settling
Speed
(rpm)
Duration
(mihiites)
Duration
(minutes)
• -,:*.
PERFORMANCE DATA
~; -BASE • ;
Dose
(mg/L)
-
>,
-
''
VolSima;
(mL') '
^ ''.Alkalinity •-
(mg/Las CaCO3)
^1
I certify that I am familiar with the information conSained ii),"
this report and that, to. the best of rny knowledge, the ' "-'
information is true, complete, and accurate.
^jfSii
t^:-^#
jL%^%,fv('hS1^1 ^ ^
pH
?
Certificate
No. and Grade:
^^I^^^^^S'^^^Stf^igs^^iS
TOC
(mg/L)
Incremental
TOC Removal
(mg/L)
TOC Removal
fli)
c.'^' ' '
' "• • '
Date: ,
'-
Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
Appendix F-31
June2002
-------
This page is left intentionally blank.
June 2001 Appendix F-3'2 Stage 1DBPR Implementation Guidance
-------