DRINKING  WATER REGULATIONS
     AND HEALTH  ADVISORIES
   u.s.
                   by
     Office  of Water
Envi ronmental Rrotecti on
     Washington,  D.C.
      202-260-7571
       SAFE DRINKING WATER HOTLINE
             1-800-426-4791
Monday  thru Friday,  9-00 AM to 5
                May 1995
Agency
                       :30 PM EST
                                      Recycled/Recyclable
                                      Printed on paper that contains
                                      atteast50%recydedfiber

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                :                  LEGEND

Abbreviations'column descriptions are:           *

MCLG -        Maximum Contaminant Level Goal. A non-enforceable concentration
               of a -drinking water contaminant that is protective of adverse human
               health effects and allows an adequate margin of safety.

MCL   -        Maximum Contaminant Level. Maximum permissible level of a
               contaminant in water which is delivered to any user of a public water
               system.                                              .

RfD   -        Reference Dose. An estimate of a daily exposure to the human
               population that is likely to be without appreciable risk of deleterious
               effects over a lifetime.                    •  \

DWEL -        Drinking Water Equivalent Level. A lifetime exjposure concentration
               protective of adverse, non-cancer health effects, that assumes all of
               the exposure to a contaminant is from a drinking water source.

(*) The codes for the Status Reg and Status HA columns are as follows:

 E    -        final                                   .-,  i  ''.-*.'.'
 D    -        draft        .                     v        i  .
 L     -        listed for regulation                        ;
 P     -        proposed                                 !
 T     -        tentative                                  |

Other codes found in the table include the following:

 NA   -        not applicable                   r
 PS   -        performance standard 0.5 NTU-1.0NTU     |
 TT  • .-        treatment technique                      -  '

 **    -        No,more than 5% of the samples per month may be positive. For
               systems collecting fewer than 40. samples/month, no more than 1
               sample ppr month may be positive.           !

 ***   -     .   guidance                                 |

   -   Large discrepancies between Lifetime and Longer-term HA values may occur
       because of the Agency's conservative policies, especially with regard to
       carcinogenjcity, relative source contribution, and less than lifetime exposures in
       chronic toxicity testing. These factors can result in a cumulative UF (uncertainty
       factor) of up to 5 to 5000 when calculating a Lifetime HA.
                                      -i-

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      The scheme for categorizing chemicals according to their carcinogenic potential
     ' is as follows: *....".                       '',                       ,
                    ''••'.          •   .      /    •  . •       .        '"   •  •  •
      Group A:  Human carcinogen

      Sufficient evidence in epidemiologic studies to support causal association
      between exposure and cancer                              ,             ,

      Group B:  Probable human carcinogen

      Limited evidence in epidemiologic studies (Group B1) and/or sufficient evidence
      from animal studies (Group B2)

      Group C:  Possible human carcinogen

      Limited evidence from animal studies and inadequate or no data in humans

      Group D:  Not classifiable

      Inadequate or no human and animal evidence of cafcinogenicity
                      ••                ' -              '
      Group E:  No evidence of careinogenicitv for humans              I

      No evidence of carcinogenicity In at least two adequate animal tests in different
      species or in adequate epidemiologic and animal studies           :

   Drinking Water Health Advisories (HAs) are defined as follows:

      One-day HA

      The concentration of a chemical in drinking water that is not expected to cause
      any adverse noncarcinogenic effects for up to 5 consecutive days of exposure,
      •with a margin of safety.                    ..                      -.

      Ten-day HA

      The concentration of a chemical in drinking water that is not expected to cause
      any adverse noncarcinogenic effects up to 14 consecutive days of exposure,
      with a margin of safety.

      Long-term HA

      The concentration of a chemical in drinking water that is not expected to cause
      any adverse noncarcinogenic effects up to approximately 7 years (10% of an
      individual's lifetime) of exposure, with a  margin of safety.

*EPA"is  in the process of revising the Cancer Guidelines.

                                     -11-       '       "'    ,     ',.'..

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Lifetime HA

The concentration of a chemical in drinking water that h
any adverse noncarcinogenic effects over a lifetime of
of safety.
                     not expected to cause
                    exposure, with a margin
-111-

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