United States
         Environmental Protection
         Agency
Office of Water
(4204)
EPA-832-R-00-011
May 2001
         Financing Americas
\^vf   Clean Water Since 1987
 % nr,rrft&                              -^   /
         A Report of Progress and Innovation
                              Clean Watei
                                  Revolving Fund

-------
The  Clean  Water State Revolving Fund -

         A SOUND NATIONAL INVESTMENT PAYING ENVIRONMENTAL DIVIDENDS - NOW AND INTO THE FUTURE.
                          CWSRF-A Revolving Fund
                                     Capitalization
                            Federal
State
                 Federal
           Capitalization Provides
              Initial Funding
                 CWSRF
               Provides Low
               Interest Loans
         States Match
      Federal Capitalization
         Grants (20%)
         Repayments to
         CWSRF Become
         Available for
          New Loans

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                            A REPORT OF PROGRESS AND INNOVATION
                                Highlights
A Program That  Works
 > The Clean Water State Revolving Fund Program has
  provided 9,500 low-interest loans for water pollution
  control projects.

 1 Cumulative program assistance totals over $30 billion
  nationally.

 1 Annual assistance over the past five years averaged about
  $3.2 billion.
1 Loans are made to communities of all sizes, individuals,
 nonprofit organizations, and commercial enterprises.

1 The Program has evolved to address a wide variety of
 water quality problems.

1 The Clean Water State Revolving Fund Program has served
 as a model for other revolving loan fund programs including
 the Drinking Water State Revolving Fund Program.
 1 Net loan repayments and interest earnings provide over
  $1.0 billion annually to fund new projects.

 1 The SRF bond sector received a AAA median rating from a
  major bond rating agency - the only sector of the U.S.
  municipal market to achieve this distinction.

 • Every federal dollar spent in the Clean Water State
  Revolving Fund Program has resulted in $.73 in additional
  clean water expenditures from state contributions and
  fund earnings.
         Clean Water
         State Revolving I 
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FINANCING AMERICA'S CLEAN WATER    4

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      OF            5
Table of Contents
          13
          15
          17

       liPA Web Resources
          19

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                             FINANCING AMERICA'S CLEAN WATER
                      Clean  Water  State
             Revolving  Fund  Program
       ith over 9,500 projects fun-
       ded and over $30 billion in
       cumulative assistance
provided, the Clean Water State
Revolving Fund (CWSRF) Program stands
today as one of the nation's most suc-
cessful environmental infrastructure
financing programs. Established by the
Clean Water Act amendments of 1987,
the CWSRF Program signaled a new
national approach to providing funding
assistance to water pollution abate-
ment projects. The CWSRF Program
embarked on a mission to create a per-
manent, state-operated financial assis-
tance program, and by all measures,
the Program has been a success.

Nation-wide participation

Today, all fifty states and Puerto Rico
have operated CWSRF programs for
more than ten years.


Continuing federal
and state investment

Federal contributions exceed $17 billion
and states contributed $3.57 billion for
a total capitalization investment of
$20.57 billion. Using fund assets as
collateral, states have issued bonds to
"leverage" their SRF programs and
added an additional $8.8 billion to
CWSRF Loan Repayments and Interest Earnings ($ Billions)
$2.5
     1988 1989  1990 1991 1992 1993  1994 1995 1996 1997  1998 1999 2000
Federal and State Investment
in the CWSRF Program
funds available for critical projects.
Cumulative information shows that the
federal investment is paying off.


Establishing a permanent
funding solution

Loan repayments and interest earnings
provided CWSRF programs with over
$2.1 billion last year and have averaged
over $1.7 billion per year since 1996.
Overtime the annual "revolving" level
of funding will continue to grow at an
impressive rate.

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                                A REPORT OF PROGRESS AND INNOVATION
Serving many communities

The CWSRF Program is assisting a broad
array of communities. Fifty-nine per-
cent of all loan agreements (24 percent
of funding) have been made to commu-
nities with populations less than 10,000.
Loan Agreements with
Communities of Different Sizes
Addressing critical problems

The CWSRF Program has been tapped
to fund both the construction of cen-
tralized wastewater treatment facilities
and nonpoint source and estuary
projects. In 1990, only one percent of
loan agreements made were for non-
point source or estuary projects. But
since then, the number of loans made
for nonpoint source or estuary projects
has risen rapidly.  In 2000, 32 percent of
loan agreements were made to fund
nonpoint source or estuary projects.
The expansion of the CWSRF Program
into funding nonpoint source and
estuary projects has been accomplished
while maintaining high funding levels
for centralized wastewater treatment
facilities (approximately $29 billion in
funding has been provided through the
CWSRF Program for centralized waste-
water treatment facilities).
                                     Loan Agreements for Nonpoint Source and Estuary Projects
                                          1988 1989 1990 1991  1992  1993  1994  1995  1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
Committing Available
Funds to Projects

States work with communities, farmers,
home owners, and others to efficiently
use available CWSRF funding. Today,
99 percent of available CWSRF funding
is committed during the first or second
year of availability. As a result, the
CWSRF Program has provided an
average of $3.2 billion per year over
the past five years.

Customizing
CWSRF Programs

Congress designed the CWSRF Program
to allow states to structure their
programs creatively to best serve their
needs. States are given the flexibility
to offer a variety of assistance options
including  low interest loans, refinan-
cing, purchasing or guaranteeing local
debt, and purchasing bond insurance.
        CWSRF GOAL:
    CLEAN AND SAFE WATER
    THE CWSRF PROGRAM
    SEEKS TO FUND PRIORITY
WATER QUALITY PROJECTS WHILE
   MAINTAINING A REVOLVING
  FUNDING LEVEL TO ADDRESS
         FUTURE NEEDS.

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                                   FINANCING AMERICA'S CLEAN WATER    8
States also set loan terms, including
interest rates (from zero percent to
market rate), repayment periods (up to
twenty years), and many other loan
features.

Three states have adopted a bond
purchasing approach under the CWSRF
Program that allows financing assis-
tance to be repaid over a period of up
to 30 years (or for the useful life of the
assets, if shorter than 30 years).

The CWSRF Program is available to
fund a wide variety of water quality
projects including all types of nonpoint
source and estuary management pro-
jects, as well as more traditional muni-
cipal wastewater treatment projects.
States may also customize loan terms
to meet the needs of small and dis-
advantaged communities.
 CWSRF Annual Funding ($ Billions)

$35

 30

 25

 20

 15

 10
   0 • —
                  .••   I   •   I
       1988 1989 1990 1991  1992  1993  1994 1995 1996  1997  1998  1999 2000

               Annual              I Cumulative
The CWSRF Is a Model
for Funding Programs

The success of the CWSRF Program has
not gone unnoticed.  In 1996, Congress
established the Drinking Water State
Revolving Fund (DWSRF) Program as
part of the reauthorization of the Safe
Drinking Water Act. The DWSRF
Program mirrors the CWSRF Program in
assistance options provided, state and
federal responsibilities, and other struc-
tural aspects of the program. The
revolving fund concept is also being
used in the EPA Brownfields Program,
and the Department of Transportation
has experimented with the concept for
funding transportation infrastructure.

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                                A REPORT OF PROGRESS AND INNOVATION   9
                               Environmental
                                        Progress
         ationally, the CWSRF Program
         has made very impressive
         progress in funding waste-
 water treatment, estuary protection and
 nonpoint source pollution control
 projects.  The program has effectively
 reached a broad set of borrowers inclu-
 ding local governments, nonprofit
 organizations, farmers, and homeowners.

 Wastewater Pollution Control

 The CWSRF Program has funded $28.9
 billion in wastewater treatment projects
 since 1988.  Communities have used
 $13.2 billion of these funds for
 secondary treatment projects. Secondary
 treatment improvements have greatly
 Distribution of CWSRF Dollars
 for Wastewater Treatment
      7.2%
   Combined Sewer
  Overflow Correction
                        0.3%
   6.3%
Rehabilitation of
Sewer Systems
         3.8%
      Infiltration/Inflow
        Correction
benefitted the Nation.  Secondary
treatment removes harmful pollutants
such as heavy metals, toxic substances,
nitrogen, phosphorus and bio-
degradable organic materials.  A new
EPA report entitled  "Progress in Water
Quality: An Evaluation of the National
Investment in Municipal Wastewater
Treatment" (EPA 8320-OR-00-008;
http://www.epa.gov/owm/featinfo.htm)
documents significant water quality
treatment improvements resulting from
secondary treatment in major urban
waterways across the country. Today, it
has never been clearer that our national
investment in secondary treatment has
resulted in dramatically improved levels
of native fish species and other aquatic
life and greater recreational uses of our
waterways.

In addition to secondary treatment
funding, the CWSRF Program has provi-
ded $15.7 billion for advanced treatment,
infiltration/inflow correction, sewer
system rehabilitation, collector and
interceptor sewers, storm sewers, and
combined sewer overflow correction.

Nonpoint Source
Pollution Control
and Estuary Protection

Twenty-eight CWSRF programs have
funded nonpoint source pollution con-
trol and estuary protection projects.
These projects have received more than
$1.2 billion in CWSRF funding since the
program's inception, with most of the
funding (78 percent) provided over the
past 5 years. In 2000, more than 33
percent of the CWSRF Program's assis-
tance agreements addressed nonpoint
source or estuary pollution.

Decentralized wastewater treatment
Twenty-five million households use
"decentralized" wastewater systems-
typically on-site septic systems or
cesspools. In 1995, 2.5 million of these
systems malfunctioned. States have
used CWSRF funds to rehabilitate or
replace decentralized systems or to
eliminate them altogether by connec-
ting homes and businesses to existing
community sewer systems.

Stormwater management
As stormwater runs off city streets,
lawns, and  construction sites, it often
picks up pollutants and carries them to
rivers, lakes, and estuaries. Stormwater
runoff is a leading source of impair-
ment to waters nationwide, and it is of
particular concern in many estuarine
waters. States have used CWSRF funds
for many stormwater management
projects, including sediment traps and
basins, wetland flood guards, and
vegetative plantings.

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         FINANCING AMERICA'S CLEAN WATER
                                                                 10
                                 r         /     T T T             f*\       1  *
                            X*^  /"~ * X~~^ ss^-  x—   \  A / X*^  /"~ X"^ ^X   I    V *" —' X*^    ^ ^~~T
                            au.ous   water   yuaJ.iD
                                                                                       /
 Stormwater
and Wetlands
 Protection
               The $400,000 purchase of
              6.5 acres of wetlands enabled
               the protection of a critical
               stormwater management
                  basin and a valuable
              \.   wildlife refuge.
       Riparian
     Protection and
    Land Acquisition

A loan to fund the purchase
 of over 19 square miles of
  ranchland protects rare
  vernal pools from the
       threat of
      development.  _x_.
         Water
     Flow Restoration

    A $12 million loan is
 being used to purchase river
   water rights to increase
water flows, thereby restoring
 water quality and protecting
    endangered species.
                                                    Wastewater
                                                   System Loans

                                               A city received two CWSRF
                                               loans. The first loan funded
                                             replacement of sanitary sewer
                                               mains within the city. The
                                                second loan funded the
                                              replacement of an outdated
                                                wastewater treatment
                                                      facility.
                                                 ^ Wetlands
                                                    Construction

                                               CWSRF loans for $7.5 mil-
                                                lion to five communities
                                               financed wetland construc-
                                                tion  to reduce pollutant
                                                 levels in wastewater
                                                  prior to discharge
                                                               Wastewater
                                                              System Loans

                                                          Nine CWSRF loans totalling
                                                          $662 million to eliminate
                                                          sewer system overflows in
                                                          response to an EPA admini-
                                                           strative order in one of
                                                             the nation's largest
                                                                  cities.

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                                      A REPORT OF PROGRESS AND INNOVATION
                                                11
    Fundi
     Agricultural
   Nonpoint Source
       Controls

A farmer receives a CWSRF
loan to develop a nutrient
nanagement plan and build
 an earthen manure basin
   to store and manage
     animal waste.
r~t
\ •-^  x~*v *~ *~ s s S~ S^--
oomce
            Agricultural
          Nonpoint Source
              Controls

     A CWSRF loan helps cattle and
    poultry farmers build an efficient
     and cost-effective management
        system including a pond,
         feedlot, feed building
           and animal waste
            holding pond.
                                           Septic
                                       System Upgrade

                                     Two CWSRF loans for
                                    $700,000 are supporting
                                    an ongoing septic system
                                    assistance program which
                                     has already upgraded
                                         12 systems.
                                                              Wastewater
                                                             System loans
                                                        A $2.1 million CWSRF loan
                                                         funded the doubling of a
                                                          wastewater treatment
                                                         plant's capacity through
                                                          facility expansion and
                                                               upgrades.
             Agricultural
           Nonpoint Source
              Controls

       Two 2-year CWSRF loans for
     $2.9 million funded construction
       of animal waste storage and
        distribution facilities and
        purchases of animal waste
        collection equipment for
           52 animal feeding
              operations.
                               Brownfield
                               Remediation

                           A CWSRF loan was used
                           to fund contaminated
                           soil and groundwater
                              remediation on a
                              20-acre industrial
                                   site.
Wastewater
System loans
                               Two loans for over
                               $22 million support
                              construction of a new
                              wastewater treatment
                                facility and inter-
                                  ceptor sewer.
                            Landfill
                            Capping

                        A CWSRF loan for
                         over $2 million
                        funded the closure
                         of a municipal
                             landfill.
                                                             Agricultural
                                                           Nonpoint Source
                                                              Controls

                                                     Three CWSRF loans, totaling over
                                                     $25,000, were used by a poultry
                                                     and grain farmer to construct a
                                                      litter storage shed and a corn-
                                                        poster and to purchase a
                                                         front-end loader and a
                                                              spreader.
                                             Stormwater
                                             Treatment

                                         A 20-year loan funds a
                                      stormwater treatment project
                                      that diverts canal flow into a
                                     5.2-acre wet detention pond and
                                       stormwater runoff into an
                                        overland flow treatment
                                          facility and then the
                                           same detention
                                               pond.

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                                    FINANCING AMERICA'S CLEAN WATER   12
Wetlands/riparian zone protection
Over 50 percent of the wetlands and
riparian zones in the contiguous United
States have been lost since the time of
European settlement. The wetlands and
riparian zones that remain have often
been degraded by use or contamination.
These impacts hinder natural drought
and flood protection and impair critical
wildlife habitat. States have worked to
address this situation by using the
CWSRF Program to purchase or rehabi-
litate wetlands and riparian zones, or to
purchase conservation easements.

Agricultural best
management practices
According to the most recent National
Inventory of Water Quality, agricultural
nonpoint source pollution is the leading
source of impairment to surveyed rivers
and lakes. Some agricultural  practices
increase the sediments, nutrients,
pathogens, pesticides, and salts in our
waters; others damage wildlife habitat
and stream channels. States have
reduced these impacts by using the
CWSRF Program to fund many agricul-
tural best management practices
(BMPs). CWSRF-funded  agricultural
BMPs  include waste  management
systems, manure spreaders, dead bird
composters, conservation tillage  equip-
ment, irrigation equipment, filter strips,
streambank stabilization, and  education
programs.

Underground storage tank
and soil remediation
Many underground storage tanks (USTs)
leak due to corrosion or improper
installation.  More than 300,000 releases
from USTs have been confirmed nation-
wide,  and 60 percent of these releases
may have impacted groundwater  quality.
States have used CWSRF funds to
remove or remediate USTs, remove con-   f'
taminated soils, or install monitoring
equipment. These activities have often
been part of brownfield remediation
projects.
State CWSRF programs have been
increasingly effective at completing
new types of projects, in part because
they have reached out to new types of
borrowers. The majority of CWSRF loan
recipients are municipalities, but non-
profit organizations, businesses, farmers,
and homeowners have all received
CWSRF funding in recent years.

Nonprofit organizations
There are thousands of environmental
nonprofit organizations in the United
States. CWSRF loans can provide these
organizations with needed funding to
address water pollution.  With the help
of an $8 million loan from California's
CWSRF Program, The Nature
Conservancy, a land conservation
organization, has protected one of the
largest remaining examples of a rare
wetland ecosystem. The CWSRF loan
helped finance the purchase of 19.3
square miles of ranchland and will
assure minimal disturbance to the
property in perpetuity.
Businesses
Business practices can be both environ-
mentally profitable and sound.  Ohio
has made loans to a variety of busi-
nesses. A real estate firm in Cleveland
received a $650,000 loan to remediate
contaminated soil and groundwater
from a 20-acre industrial site.  A housing
development company in West
Jefferson received a $1.1 million loan
to implement an environmentally sensi-
tive development plan in a vulnerable
high-quality watershed.

Farmers
Farmers recognize that their land and
water provide for their livelihood and
are a legacy for future generations.
Many states have worked with farmers
to address agricultural runoff prob-
lems, including those  caused by Animal
Feeding Operations (AFOs). Minnesota's
CWSRF Program has worked with its
state Department of Agriculture, county
governments, and soil and water con-
servation districts to offer more than
1,900  loans to farmers for agricultural
best management practices.  Funded
projects include AFO waste manage-
ment systems, conservation tillage
equipment, and structural erosion
control practices.

Homeowners
Environmental stewardship begins at
home, but costs can be daunting.
Many states have worked with home-
owners to rehabilitate or replace failing
septic systems. Massachusetts' CWSRF
Program has worked with local  govern-
ments to offer hundreds of loans to
homeowners to address septic system
concerns.

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                          A REPORT OF PROGRESS AND INNOVATION   13
                                  Financial
                               Innovation
        sing the flexibility provided
        within the Clean Water Act,
        each state has a uniquely
customized CWSRF Program that
reflects their water quality challenges
and the role the CWSRF Program plays
in addressing those challenges. Thinking
creatively, states have devised financial
management approaches that increase
funding available for critical projects,
lower the cost of borrowing to the
CWSRF Program, enhance the financial
security of the Program, and reduce the
administrative burden of managing a
loan program at the state level.
   CWSRF PROGRAMS HAVE DEVISED APPROACHES THAT
 INCREASE FUNDING AVAILABLE FOR CRITICAL PROJECTS,
     LOWER THE COST OF BORROWING TO THE CWSRF
  PROGRAM, ENHANCE THE FINANCIAL SECURITY OF THE
PROGRAM, AND REDUCE THE ADMINISTRATIVE BURDEN OF
     MANAGING A LOAN PROGRAM AT THE STATE LEVEL
Leveraging
Nearly one half of the CWSRF programs
have used a financing technique called
"leveraging" to increase loan funding
available to address critical projects.
Under a leveraging approach, federal
capitalization funds and program cash
flows are used to secure sizable bonds
that are issued by the CWSRF programs.
The proceeds from the bonds are then
lent out for SRF-eligible activities. On
average, leveraging has provided fun-
ding that is roughly twice the size of
the federal capitalization grant contri-
bution. To date, leveraging has made a
significant impact on CWSRF funding.
Bond proceeds from state leveraged
Cross-Program Security
                                    Proceeds $
                                    SRF Bonds = $ for Loans
                                    Proceeds $

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                                  FINANCING AMERICA'S CLEAN WATER    14
bonds have added $8.8 billion to
CWSRF funding. The CWSRF Program
has developed a strong financing track
record. The SRF bond sector received a
AAA median rating from a major bond
rating agency; it was the only  sector of
the U.S. municipal market to achieve
this distinction.

Credit Structures Reducing
Program Borrowing Costs

Some states have devised ways to
enhance the credit quality of the bonds
they issue within their CWSRF  and
DWSRF programs by pledging  to use
assets of each program to support the
other.  Even though the bonds issued
by CWSRF and DWSRF programs are
broadly viewed as highly secure invest-
ments,  the additional security  provided
by these structures makes the  bonds
even more attractive to credit rating
agencies and bond holders.

There are two forms of cross-program
credit enhancements in use by states.
In New York and Michigan, the CWSRF
programs employ a "cross-investment"
approach through which one SRF
invests  in the other to make up any
shortfalls that could threaten the
repayment of SRF-issued bonds.  In
states including New Jersey, Missouri,
Maine, Arizona and Minnesota, the
CWSRF programs use a "cross-
collateralization" approach that allows
the assets of one fund to be pledged to
support the repayment of debt in the
other fund.
Linked-Deposit Approach
         SRF Program (State)
SRF Deposit
   (CD)
            •
     CD
Interest Earnings
Low Interest
   Loan
I       t
    Repayment
         SRF Eligible Project
Alternative Structuring
to Provide Assistance to
Loan Recipients

One of the challenges that CWSRF
programs face is balancing the goal of
providing low cost funding to those
that need  it most with the goal of
protecting the Fund from potential
loan defaults. Many CWSRF programs
have implemented approaches that
address these challenges.

Linked-deposit loans
Programs use a "linked-deposit"
approach to  provide loans to farmers
to finance agricultural best manage-
ment practices that help avoid non-
point source pollution while insulating
the CWSRF Program from risk of
default. Under a linked-deposit
approach,  the CWSRF Program works
with local  banks, often the same banks
where farmers do the rest of their
banking, to provide assistance. The
CWSRF Program agrees to keep a
deposit or purchase an investment at a
participating bank and, in turn, the
bank agrees to provide a loan to a
farmer for a CWSRF-eligible project for
the same amount. The CWSRF Program
accepts a lower-than-market-rate
return on their investment in the bank,
and the bank passes along that subsidy
to the farmer receiving the loan from
the bank.  The administration of the
loan as well as any risk of default is
assumed by the bank.

Local governments as loan conduits
Another example of innovation in
CWSRF financing structures is the use
of local governments as conduits to
home  owners and farmers. Several
states  have established programs to
provide assistance for nonpoint source
pollution control or replacement of
faulty septic systems.  The CWSRF loan
is made to the community, and in turn,
the community provides loan assistance
to the local homeowners or farmers for
eligible projects.  For example,
Minnesota has provided over 2,000
loans through counties to farmers for
installation of structures and equip-
ment that reduce agricultural  runoff.
Massachusetts has used this approach
to provide loans through 164 commu-
nities to home owners for replacement
of septic systems. The CWSRF loan to
the community is accompanied by state
planning funds to establish the local
program. In each of these cases, the loan
is made to a community that guarantees
the repayment of the loan with a dedi-
cated repayment source such as general
obligation bonding authority or user fees.

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                             A REPORT OF PROGRESS AND INNOVATION    15

                                      Meeting
                        Future  Challenges
        ur nation's wastewater facili-
        ties have given us substantial
        improvements in water quali-
ty but they are aging and in increasing
need of repair or replacement. Much of
our underground pipe was laid during
the 1950s and 1960s and is  now
approaching 40-50 years old. Pre-World
War II pipes date back to the early
1900s and late 1800s. In addition, our
more sophisticated wastewater treat-
ment plants require costly and more
frequent investments in repair and
renewal. In addition to our aging
infrastructure, population growth will
add an additional stress on our waste-
water infrastructure, raising the level
of pollutant removal needed to keep
pace with past gains in water quality.
Meanwhile, nonpoint source pollution
has emerged as a serious threat to
water quality. All signs indicate that
the costs and challenges for maintain-
ing water quality are heading upward.

The combined pressures on wastewater
treatment systems are expected to pose
financial challenges for everyone.
Although the CWSRF Program has sub-
stantial resources at its disposal, they
are not limitless. To utilize CWSRF
resources for maximum benefit, states
will need to show the sophistication
and innovation that have characterized
the program over the past thirteen
years. Utilities and regulatory agencies
can take advantage of ways to mitigate
costs, including: conservation and effi-
ciency measures, full cost pricing, asset
management, smart growth strategies
and vigorous maintenance.

Many state CWSRF programs have uti-
lized the inherent flexibility in the
Clean Water Act amendments of 1987
to customize the program to meet
unique local needs, taking advantage
of the broad eligibilities of the CWSRF
program and offering innovative fund-
ing mechanisms to reach a broad set of
borrowers.

The CWSRF program has been a suc-
cessful blend of federal-state coopera-
tion to finance water quality needs.
We hope this report serves to highlight
successes and to discuss areas that could
be improved.

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             A REPORT OF PROGRESS AND INNOVATION
                      17
         State Web Resources
States
Websites
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
http://www.adem.state.al.us/EnviroProtect/Water/water.htm
http://www.state.ak.us/local/akpages/ENV.CONSERV/waterhome.htm
"Under Construction" (Contact: Suzanne Price, Price_Suzanne@pop. state. az. us)
http://www.state.ar.us/adfa/programs/wwrl.html
http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/~cwphome/mss/index.html
http://www.dola.state.co.us/tech/WPCRF.HTM
http://dep.state.ct.us/wtr/cwa/cwfund.htm
http://www.dnrec.state.de.us/DNREC2000/Divisions/Water/Water.htm
http://www.dep.state.fl.us/water/wff/cwsrf/default.htm
http://www.ganet.org/gefa/srlf.html
http://www.state.hi.us/health/eh/eiemwwOO.htm
http://www2. state, id. us/deq/water/bj_grantloan. htm
http://www.epa.state.il.us/water/financial-assistance/waste-water/waste-water.html
http://www.state.in.us/idem/owm/fasb/srfinfo.html
http://www.state.ia.us/government/dnr/organiza/epd/wastewtr/srloan.htm
http://www.kdhe.state.ks.us/water/
http://kymartian.state.ky.us/kia/overview.htm
http://www.deq.state.la.us/financial/munfac/mfd.htm
http://janus.state.me.us/dep/blwq/docgrant/srfparag.htm
http://www.mde.state.md.us/wqfa/index.html
http://www.state.ma.us/dep/brp/mf/srf.htm
http://www.deq.state.mi.us/ead/mfsect/
http://www.pca.state.mn.us/water/wpcrf-psource.html
http://www.deq.state.ms.us/newweb/homepages.nsf

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                                     FINANCING AMERICA'S  CLEAN  WATER    18
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
http://www.dnr.state.mo.us/eiera/revolving_fund.htm
http://www.deq.state.mt.us/ppa/tfa/iup_ppl.htm
http://www.deq.state.ne.us/wastewat.nsf/pages/waste
Nevada
http://www.state.nv.us/ndep/bwpc/srlf01.htm
New Hampshire
http://www.des.state.nh.us/wwe/srf.htm
New Jersey
http://www.state.nj.us/dep/grantandloanprograms/ereifp.htm
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
http://www.nmenv.state.nm.us/cpb/cwsrf.html



http://www.nysefc.org/srf/CWSRF/CWSRFhome.htm
http://www.nccgl.net/fap/cwsrf/index.html
North Dakota
http://www.health.state.nd.us/ndhd/environ/mf/index.htm
Ohio
http://www.epa.state.oh.us/defa/wpclf2.html
Oklahoma
http://www.state.ok.us/~owrb/fa/fa1.html
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
http://waterquality.deq.state.or.us/wq/wqgrant/wqgrant.htm
http://sites.state.pa.us/PA_Exec/Pennvest/general.pdf
http://www.epa.gov/region02/cepd/compnum.htmSJCA (Contact Phone Numbers)
Rhode Island
http://www.state.ri.us/ricwfa/whatwedo.htm
South Carolina
http://www.scdhec.net/water/html/grants.html
South Dakota
http://www.state.sd. us/denr/DFTA/WWFunding/clean_water_srf_program2. htm
Tennessee
Texas



Utah
http://www.state.tn.us/environment/dca/swagrnt.htm



http://www.twdb.state.tx.us/assistance/financial/fin_infrastructure/cwsrffund.htm



http://www.eq.state.ut.us/eqwq/con_asst.htm
Vermont
http://www.anr.state.vt.us/dec/fed/FMS.htm
Virginia
http://www.vra.state.va.us/project/wastewater.html
Washington
http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/wq/funding/index.html
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
http://www.dep. state. wv.us/wr/OWR_Website/ConstAsist/SRF.htm
http://www.dnr.state.wi.us/org/caer/cfa/EL7Section/clean.html
httpy/deq.state.wy.us/wqd/w&ww/srf.htm

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                           A REPORT OF PROGRESS AND INNOVATION    19
                    EPA Web  Resources
Location

    Clean Water State Revolving Fund Web Site

    www.epa.gov/owm/finan.htm


Resource Information Available

    • State Revolving Fund Regional Contacts

    • State Revolving Fund State Contacts

    • Capitalization Levels and State Allotments

    • CWSRF Fact Sheets

    • State Activity Updates

    • National Information Management System

    • CWSRF Policy and Guidance Documents

Drinking Water State Revolving Fund

    For more information about the related Drinking Water

    State Revolving Fund program, visit the Office of Ground

    Water and Drinking Water website at www.epa.gov/safewater/dwsrf.htm.
                       This publication can be viewed and downloaded online at: http://www.epa.gov/owm/finan.htm.
                       For additional hard copies, please contact:
                       U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
                       National Service Center for Environmental Publications (NSCEP)
           - . ,         P.O. Box 45242 • Cincinnati, OH 45242
           VVtlLGF  1-800-490-9198* Fax: 513-489-8695
Sltltl? Revolving I'Ullii  or order online at http://www.epa.gov/ncepihom/orderpub.html

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     www.epa.gov/owm/finan.htm

Clean Water State Revolving Fund Branch
  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
  Ariel Rios Building, Mail Code 4204M
     1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
         Washington, DC 20460

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