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Concentrated
Animal
Feeding
Operations
Glean, Itlatesi, Act
M/hat Are the Federal Requirements for
Horse and Sheep CAFOs?
In December 2002, EPA revised the Clean Water
Act regulation for Concentrated Animal Feeding
Operations, or CAFOs. If you own or operate a
horse or sheep CAFO, you must apply for a permit.
This pamphlet gives general information about what
your permitting authority might require in your
CAFO's permit.
Other Pamphlets in EPA's CAFO Clean Water
Act Requirements Information Series
Will My Operation Be Regulated?
EPA 833-F-02-006
What f\re the Federal Requirements for Swine CAFOs?
EPA 833-F-02-007
What Are the Federal Requirements for Chicken and
Turkey CAFOs?
EPA 833-F-02-008
What Are the Federal Requirements for Dairy Cow and
Heifer CAFOs?
EPA 833-F-02-009
What Are the Federal Requirements for Beef Cattle and
Veal Calf CAFOs?
EPA833-F-02-0010
What Are the Federal Requirements for Duck CAFOs?
EPA833-F-02-0012
What Are the Federal Record-Keeping and Reporting
Requirements?
EPA833-F-02-0013
How do I contact my permitting authority?
Visit www.epa.gov/npdes/afo/statecontacts for contact
information on your permitting authority.
Where can I get copies of these brochures and
more information?
Call the Office of Water Resource Center,
(202) 566-1729 to request copies of these pamphlets and
other documents. Call the CAFO Phone Line at
(202) 564-0766 with questions or visit the following EPA or
U5DA web sites.
EPA:
www.epa.gov/npdes/caforule
www.epa.gov/agriculture
USDA:
www.usda.gov
Photos courtesy of U5DA
EPA 833-F-02-0011
December 2002
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Is my horse or sheep operation a CAFO?
Your operation is a CAFO
if it is an animal feeding
operation (AFO) and it
meets one of the following
conditions
See the pamphlet
Will My Operation
Be Regulated? for
the definition of
an AFO.
Large CAFOs
Your horse or sheep AFO is a Large CAFO if it has at
least
S 500 horses
S 10,000 sheep or lambs
Medium CAFOs
Your horse or sheep AFO is a Medium CAFO if it has
at least
S 150 horses
S 3,000 sheep or lambs
and
•S a man-made ditch or pipe carries manure or
wastewater from your operation or
S your animals come into contact with surface
water running through the area where they're
confined
Designated CAFOs
Mo matter what size your operation is, if it is an
AFO, it can be designated a CAFO. If your permitting
authority inspects your operation and finds that it's
adding pollutants to surface waters, your operation
might need a CAFO permit.
My operation is a CAFO. What do I have to do?
You must apply to your permitting authority for a
permit. Most states have the authority to manage
CAFO programs and issue permits. State CAFO
programs are based on the revised national
regulation. You can use this pamphlet to help you
learn about the minimum requirements for a permit.
You should contact your permitting authority to find
out what your state-specific requirements are and
how to apply for a permit. Check the insert to this
pamphlet for your permitting authority's contact
information.
What will my operation's permit require?
Your CAFO permit will require you to meet certain
conditions for your production and land application
areas. The specific
requirements of your permit
will depend on whether your
operation is a Large, Medium,
or designated CAFO.
The production area
is the area where
your animals are
housed and manure
is stored.
Requirements for all horse or sheep CAFOs
You can expect your permit to require you to
•/ Implement a nutrient management plan
S Submit annual reports to your permitting
authority
S Keep your permit current until you completely
close your operation and remove all manure
S Keep records of your nutrient management
practices for at least 5 years
Nutrient management plans for all horse and
sheep CAFOs must include provisions for
S Assuring adequate manure storage capacity
S Proper handling of dead animals and chemicals
S Diverting clean water from the production area
S Keeping animals out of surface water
S Using site-specific conservation practices
S Developing ways to test manure and soil
Assuring appropriate
use of nutrients when
you spread manure
Keeping records of your
nutrient management
practices
The land application
area includes all
the land under your
control where you
spread manure.
Your permitting authority might set more
requirements for any size CAFO.
Requirements for Medium and Designated Horse
or Sheep CAFOs
Your permitting authority might set more
requirements for your nutrient management
plan. These requirements will depend on the
permit writer's best professional judgment and
could be like the requirements for Large horse or
sheep CAFOs.
Requirements for Large Horse or Sheep CAFOs
Large horse and sheep CAFOs keep the
production area design requirements in the
existing CAFO regulation. Morse and sheep
operations should design their facility to contain
all of their CAFO's manure plus the runoff from
a 25-year, 24-hour rainfall event (large storms).
(Overflows from large storms are allowed only if
your operation is designed and operated to meet
these specifications.)
Transferring manure to other persons
•/ Keep records for at least 5 years on the date,
recipient, amount, and nutrient content of the
manure you transferred
S Information about the nutrient content of your
manure must be given to the recipient
5ee the Pamphlet What Are The Federal Record-Keeping
and Reporting Requirements? to find out what records
you should keep and report to your permitting authority
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