&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency s
Office of Water
(4503F)
EPA841-S-95-003
August 1995
Clean Lakes Program
1993/1994 Annual Report
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This annual report was developed under the direction of Chuck Spooner and Anne Weinberg
of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Office of Wetlands, Oceans
and Watersheds, Watershed Branch. It was prepared by Jonathan Simpson of Tetra Tech, Inc.
Fairfax, VA under EPA Contract No. 68-C3-0303. Special thanks is extended to the EPA
Regional Clean Lakes Coordinators, State and Tribal Clean Lakes Coordinators, and local
project managers who submitted the information contained in this report. Susan Ratcliffe-
Kaynor, Frank Lapensee, and Tim Icke of the Watershed Branch and Victoria Tanga of Tetra
Tech, Inc. also provided valuable insight and assistance in the development of this report.
Cover photo of McCullom Lake courtesy of Bob Kirschner, Northeastern Illinois Planning Commission
Prior to 1993, the water in City of McHenry's McCullom Lake was cloudy due to the movement of many hundreds
of carp which constantly stirred up bottom sediments. People could see down into the water only 10-12 inches. As
part of a Phase II Clean Lakes Program project the City of McHenry, Northeastern Illinois Planning Commission, and
the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency carried out a carp eradication program in September, 1993. Water
clarity dramatically improved in the summer of 1994 and for the first time in many years people could see down to the
very bottom of the lakea maximum depth of nine feet.
Gregg Good
i Supervisor, Lake and Watershed Unit
'" Illinois Environmental Protection Agency
-------
Clean Lakes Program
1993/1994 Annual Report
August, 1995
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Wetlands, Oceans and Watersheds
Assessment and Watershed Protection Division (4503F)
401 M Street, SW
Washington, DC 20460
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ONTENTS
Preface 1
Reflections on Achievements 2
Responding to Environmental Threats 4
Identifying Threats to Lakes 6
Building Partnerships 8
Taking Action 10
National and Regional Summaries
National Projects and Events 12
Region 1 13
Region II 14
Region III 15
Region IV 16
Region V 18
Region VI 20
Region VII 21
Region VIII 22
Region IX 23
Region X 24
Office of Wetlands, Oceans and Watersheds Publications 26
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REFACE
The success of the Clean Lakes Program rests squarely on a commitment to partner-
ships. In 1993-94 EPA managers and regional coordinators, State coordinators, and
local community leaders took up the challenge to build and strengthen partnership
goals for the benefit of America's lakes.
The problems facing our nation's lakes are substantial. EPA's 1992 National Water Quality
Inventory Report indicates that only 43 percent of assessed lake acres fully support their
designated uses such as swimming, fishing, and drinking water supply. An additional 13
percent were identified as threatened and could soon become impaired if pollution controls
are not taken.
EPA is working across the United States to establish watershed protection using proce-
dures developed and used by the Clean Lakes Program. The basis of this approach is to
carefully identify local problems and to frame realistic lake and watershed solutions for them.
The Watershed Protection Approach has three major elements:
Identifying the primary threats to human and ecosystem health within the
watershed.
Involving the people most likely to be concerned or most able to take
action to solve problems.
Taking corrective actions in a comprehensive, integrated manner once
solutions are determined.
The Clean Lakes projects described in this report illustrate the continuing application of this
approach in America's lakes and in the watersheds tributary to them.
J~^ Xi
/P^ Robert H. Wayland III, Director
r Office of Wetlands, Oceans and Watersheds
-------
EFLECTIONS ON ACHIEVEMENTS
Clean Lakes
Program
experience helped
form the
foundation of
die Watershed
Protection
Approach.
Many aspects of the
Watershed Protection
Approach were pioneered
by the Clean Lakes
Program. In the formative
years from 1972 through
1979, the program
provided assistance to the
States primarily for lake
quality research, develop-
ment of restoration
techniques, and evaluation
of lake conditions.
Two key lessons were
learned:
1. The long-term
effectiveness of lake
clean-up efforts hinge
on controlling
pollution within the
watershed.
2. Local support and
involvement are
critical for success.
Responding to these
lessons, EPA promulgated
Clean Lakes Program
regulations in 1980 (40
CFR Part 35, Subpart H)
that specifically directed
the incorporation of the
Watershed Protection
Approach within lake
projects and the strength-
ening of local partnerships.
With the passage of the
1987 Amendments to the
Clean Water Act, the
program again expanded
to include Statewide
assessments of lake
conditions and post-
implementation studies
that evaluate a project's
effectiveness. This latter
component is used to
better understand cost/
benefits of various restora-
tion techniques
Uses and enjoyment of
lakes in a community are
wide-ranging. They can
provide:
A source for
drinking water.
A source for
hydropower,
irrigation water,
and other domestic,
industrial, and
agricultural uses.
Natural habitat for
fish, birds, and
other animals.
Important hydro-
logic benefits such
as flood control and
the maintenance of
downstream flows
during droughts.
Water-based
recreational oppor-
tunities such as
fishing, duck-
hunting, swimming,
and boating.
A stimulus for the
local economy
through the sale of
recreational items
such as boats and
fishing tackle, rental
lodging, and other
tourist-driven
businesses.
An increased tax-
base for local
communities from
higher assessed
values of lakeside
property.
Because of the impor-
tance of lakes in the fabric
of communities, it is not
surprising that local
support of the watershed
protection approach often
begins with grassroots
efforts to protect a favorite
lake. Many States cite cases
where committees and
associations are formed
and thousands of volun-
teer hours are spent
mitigating such problems
as aquatic weed over-
growth, algae blooms, or
sediment buildup. In the
process, people learn that
the problems found within
their lake are caused and
exacerbated by conditions
found in their watershed.
EPA's 1992 National
Water Quality Inventory
Report identifies agricul-
ture as the most extensive
source of pollution to the
Nation's lakes, followed by
urban runoff and storm
sewers, hydrologic and
habitat modification,
municipal point sources,
and onsite wastewater
disposal.
More States reported
problems caused by
nutrients than any other
single pollutant. Forty-one
States reported the
impairment of more than
3 million lake acres
primarily by the over-
growth of algae and
aquatic plants stimulated
by nutrient pollution.
For 20 years the Clean
Lakes Program has been a
successful example of the
bottom-up approach to
lake and watershed
-------
management. Since 1975
EPA has distributed more
than $145 million to State
and local governments for
the improvement of lake
water quality.
The Clean Lakes
Program offers States four
types of cooperative
agreements.
Lake Water Quality
Assessment (LWQA)
grants are used to
assess water quality of
lakes across a State or
reservation.
Diagnostic/feasibil-
ity (Phase I) Studies
are designed to
determine the causes
and extent of pollu-
tion in a specific lake,
evaluate potential
pollution controls,
and recommend the
most feasible and
cost-effective restora-
tion methods.
.Restoration/Imple-
mentation (Phase It)
Projects are designed
to translate Phase I
recommendations
into action.
Post-Restoration
Monitoring (Phase
III) Studies are
designed to advance
the science of lake
restoration through
post-restoration
monitoring and
evaluation monitoring
and evaluation of
completed Phase II
projects.
The four types of
cooperative agreements
complement the three
major cornerstones of the
watershe4 protection
approach.
jl. Identifying threats
' to human and
I ecosystem health
Lake Water Quality
Assessment (LWQA.)
Phase I Diagnostic/
Feasibility Studies
A State or Tribe uses a
LWQA grant to prepare an
assessment of lake condi-
tions, including a compre-
hensive list of threatened
or impaired lakes. EPA can
fund up to 50 percent of
costs to a maximum
$5 0,000 per year.
A Phase I Diagnostic/
Feasibility Study grant is
used to focus on one or a
small group of lakes to
determine the causes and
extent of pollution and
evaluate solutions. EPA
can award a State or Tribe
up to 70 percent of the
study costs to a maximum
$100,000.
2; Involving citizens
Lake Water Quality
Assessment (LWQA)
Phase I Diagnostic/
Feasibility Studies
Phase II Restoration
and Protection
Implementation
Projects
Local commitment is
essential for success. Thus
many citizen/professional
partnerships are typically
formed to undertake
LWQA and Phase I
Diagnostic Study tasks
such as problem identifica-
tion, volunteer water
quality monitoring, and
benefit/cost analysis.
Translating Phase I
recommendations into
action, Phase II coopera-
tive agreements fund lake
restoration and protection
work. Community part-
nerships are again critical
for short- and long-term
success. A Phase II project
requires a minimum non-
Federal match of 50
percent of total costs.
3. Taking corrective
action
Phase II Restoration
and Protection
Implementation
Projects
Phase III Post-
Restoration Monitor-
ing Study
Phase II projects are
initiated in a comprehen-
sive, integrated manner
based on the Phase I
study. Funded activities
include artificial aeration,
phosphorus precipitation,
dredging, and the installa-
tion of watershed best
management practices.
Phase III grants are
used to evaluate the
effectiveness of restoration
techniques. A study can
qualify for a maximum of
$125,000 and requires a
minimum non-Federal
match of 30 percent.
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ESPONDING TO ENVIRONMENTAL THREATS
EPA champions
a holistic
approach to
watershed
management.
Our nation's wetlands,
oceans, and lakes are
linked by streams, rivers,
and ground water. Their
health depends on the
water quality of the basin
that feeds them. For this
reason, the watershed
protection approach
encompasses not only the
water resource, but all the
land in the watershed.
A goal of the EPA
Office of Wetlands,
Oceans and Watersheds is
to provide a framework
for integrating local, State,
and Federal programs
involved with protecting
water quality.
The Clean Lakes
Program is an important
component of the water-
shed protection approach.
While it is specifically
aimed at improving water
and habitat quality in
America's lakes, it also
provides benefit to the
watershed as a whole.
KEY ROLES OF CLEAN LAKES REPRESENTATIVES
Local Communities
Local support and involve-
ment in projects is critical
for success. Communities
participate by:
Nominating lake/
watershed-specific
projects for State
consideration.
Providing back-
ground informa-
tion on the history
of die lake,
Assisting in the
identification of
lake problems and
solutions.
Providing matching
funds.
Undertaking
volunteer water
quality monitoring
and participating in
outreach activities.
Forming lake
associations and
assisting in imple-
menting lake-
ction
measures.
States s - *"
Widi the lead role, States
are responsible for: ', \ ?
Managing State lake
s programs and- ,* -
overseeing lake/,,
watershed-specific
projects.
Monitoring and* - >
assessing^lakes; -j-
Statewide.
Setting priorities and v
nominating lake/
watershed-specific
projects for Federal^
funding.
Providing matching
funds. ^ '
;,->,- '**,
Providing' technical -
support for lake
management.
Integratinglake
management and
protection activities .
programs.<
EPA and O'theVWderal
Agencies
""" <
-The program itself is - **
administered by EPA. '
Other FederaLagencles" *
Ttnat fntegrate, their water
protection programs witii
projects include, the XI
^
ture (Natural Resource -'
Conse'rvatiofj Service,
Forest S,ervice)^ Com- ' ' ' ,
merce, (National Oce^&ic ^
and Atmospheric Adnunis-'
* >j ^ * r^f
trati'Qii), De/e.iise (Army *
s Corps 6f Engineers), and:
Interior (U.S. Fish anA ' ''
Wildlife Service,). -TlVe'role
of Federal agencies " -
-------
States and Territories Participating in the Clean Lakes Program in FY93 and FY94
IASS
CONN
VIRGIN
ISLANDS
Highlights of
FY93/94 Clean Lakes Awards
Projects were initiated in 47 States, Puerto Rico, and 6 Tribal lands.
$9 million was awarded for a total of 171 projects ($4 million in FY93
and $5 million in FY94).
43% was invested in Lake Water Quality Assessments
34% was invested in Phase I projects
19% was invested in Phase II projects
4% was invested in Phase III projects
-------
DENTIFYING THREATS TO LAKES
The first step in
lake cleanup is
finding pollution
sources.
STATEWIDE LAKE
ASSESSMENT,
FLORIDA
Florida, flans to set lake
management priorities
using bioassessment.
By examining the
health and makeup of the
biological community in
over 7,000 Florida lakes,
officials will gain knowl-
edge of the in-lake impacts
of pollution. This LWQA
project defines ecoregions
and subregions within the
State and identifies high-
quality reference lakes
within those regions. By
comparing other regional
lakes with these bench-
mark conditions, State
officials will be better able
to prioritize lakes and their
watersheds for remedial
management programs.
LAKE CHAMPLAIN,
NEW YORK AND
VERMONT
States team tip to control
phosphorus pollution.
A1993 international
water quality agreement
adopted by Vermont, New
York, and Quebec estab-
lished in-lake phosphorus
concentration criteria for
Lake Champlain. Working
as partners under a Phase I
grant, the two States
developed a phosphorus
loading budget, mass
balance model, and load
reduction strategy. The
strategy is currently
incorporated into a
comprehensive pollution
prevention plan for the
watershed.
STATEWIDE LAKE
ASSESSMENT,
NORTH DAKOTA
Aquatic insects ana other
benthic fauna provide clues
to lake health.
A goal of this Clean
Lakes project is to seek
correlations between
benthic macroinvertebrate
communities and the
trophic status of lakes.
Investigators from North
Dakota State University
selected 12 lakes for this
analysis. Dissolved oxygen
levels, food supply, lake
morphometry, and
predation all play a role in
determining the health
and community structure
of bottom-dwellers.
FISH LAKE,
WISCONSIN
Wisconsin develops ecosystem
model to manage Eurasian
tyatermilfoil.
The overgrowth of
Eurasian watermilfoil is a
problem in Fish Lake. A
Phase I Clean Lakes
project focused on an
innovative way to manage
the growth of this nui-
sance species while,
improving the overall
ecological balance of the
lake. Using the results of a
model that predicts
ecosystem response, a
system of cutting and
harvesting weeds down to
3 meters within created
channels was imple-
mented. The results
improved fisheries habitat
and recreational opportu-
nities.
WISTERLAKE,
OKLAHOMA
Oklahoma State University
sets TMDL goals.
The Phase I effort on
this lake documented
productivity problems
caused by nutrients and
other pollutants. Modeling
by the Oklahoma State
University (OSU) Water
Quality Research Labora-
tory will provide a set of
total maximum daily load
(TMDL) goals for the
lake. Through the coop-
eration of the U.S.
Geological Survey and
OSU Dept. of Biosystems
and Agricultural Engineer-
ing, recommendations on
how to meet a chosen
TMDL will be proposed.
STATEWIDE LAKE
ASSESSMENT,
KENTUCKY
Testing offish tissue and
fecal coliform proves lakes
are safe.
Concern about the
safety of eating game fish
prompted the Division of
Water and Dept. of Fish
and Wildlife Resources to
investigate several popular
recreational lakes. As a part
of an LWQA grant, State
officials collected fish for
tissue analysis. Fecal
coliform bacteria were also
analyzed to determine the
safety of contact recreation
use. The results indicated
that the lakes were safe for
fish consumption and
swimming.
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STATEWIDE LAKE
ASSESSMENT,
RHODE ISLAND
New computerized data
management system will
.TheDept. of Water
Resources is using an
LWQA grant to develop a
computerized data
management system to
store and analyze lake
water quality monitoring
data. This effort will help
support EPA's Waterbody
System by providing
summaries of raw moni-
toring data. This informa-
tion will be used to assess
the overall condition of
the State's lakes and plan
future lake and watershed
management activities.
LAKE HENRYETTA,
OKLAHOMA
Sediment dating to be used
to determine historical
causes of lake pollution.
Lake Henryetta,
created as a water supply
reservoir, has historically
experienced problems with
water clarity. Sediment
dating by the USDA-
Agriculture Research
Station in Durant, used in
conjunction with hydro-
logic modeling of present
and historical land use
within the watershed,
should permit identifica-
tion of historical causes of
pollutant loadings. This
Phase I project will
propose recommendations
to reduce loadings from
present-day land uses.
LAKE BOMOSEEN,
VERMONT
Vermont attempts to
manage Eurasian
watermilfoil growth using
biological controls.
The overgrowth of an
exotic aquatic plant,
Eurasian watermilfoil, has
caused problems in Lake
Bomoseen since 1982.
Recreational opportunities
have been lost, and many
native aquatic plant species
have been displaced. This
Clean Lakes Program
demonstration project is
investigating the use of an
aquatic weevil to control
the infestation of milfoil
biologically. Partners in
this research include the
Middlebury College
Biology Dept. and the
U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers Waterways
Experiment Station.
TOWN LAKE, TEXAS
Phase I study in Austin
used as a watershed-based
regional planning tool.
A Phase I study on
Town Lake in Austin was
successfully completed in
FY93 to accolades from
regional planning groups.
Recommendations from
that study formed the
foundation for a successful
proposal to obtain Section
319 Clean Water Act
funds. This money is being
used to implement BMPs
to manage urban runoff
which typically contains
sediments, hydrocarbons,
nutrients, and other
pollutants.
JUNCTION CITY &
LAWRENCE,
KANSAS
Study to compare pollution
in urban lakes.
The Urban Lakes
Assessment Project will
compare and contrast
water quality conditions
and pollution in two urban
lakes, one in Junction City
and the other in Lawrence.
One lake has a fully
urbanized watershed, and
the other is rapidly
urbanizing. While urban
lakes are not a large
percentage of the lake
acreage in Kansas, they
tend to have some of the
most severe water quality
problems. This Phase I
study will attempt to
generalize urban lake
water quality and identify
specific problems/solu-
tions for these two lakes.
DEAL LAKE,
NEW JERSEY
Five watershed municipali-
ties develop new pollution
control ordinances.
A goal of this Phase II
project is to upgrade or
develop ordinances and
zoning requirements
dealing with soil erosion,
stormwater management,
and proper land use. The
lake commission has
developed agreements
with the five watershed
municipalities, and a
management plan for
sensitive lands is under
review.
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UILDING PARTNERSHIPS
Partnerships
fuel grass-roots
efforts to manage
pollution in
lake watersheds.
PYRAMID LAKE,
NEVADA
Paiute Tribe works to keep
cattle from polluting
valuable fishing lake.
Improving water
quality and recreation at
Pyramid Lake north of
Reno is a goal of a range-
land improvement plan
being implemented by the
Pyramid Lake Paiute
Tribe. Working with
members of the
cattlemen's association,
who use the 340,000 acres
of rangeland surrounding
the lake, the Tribe is
developing livestock
watering sites on areas
where no natural water
exists and is improving
existing water sources.
Over 2 miles Of pipeline, a
storage tank, and 12 miles
of fencing have been
completed with the help of
a Phase II grant.
STEPHEN FOSTER
LAKE, PENNSYLVANIA
Two-day course teaches local
youth about watershed
problems and solutions.
This lake, located in a
newly created State park
facility, was becoming
prematurely eutrophic due
to sediment and nutrient
loading from its primarily
agricultural watershed. To
involve residents in the
study and restoration
process, the project
sponsor (Bradford County
Conservation District)
offered a 2-day hands-on
training course to volun-
teer students. Participants
provided data for the
Phase I project by walking
the watershed, assessing
the tributaries for erosion,
and collecting and identi-
fying macro-invertebrates:
PELICAN RIVER
WATERSHED DIS-
TRICT, MINNESOTA
Award-winning 9th grade
curriculum focuses on lakes.
The Watershed District
has joined other local
resource management
agencies in providing
technical arid financial
assistance to Detroit Lakes
Junior High for a
year-long program.
Students learn about all
aspects of lake ecology in
science, English, social
sciences, speech, math,
and computer science
classes. In this award-
winning program, 250
students analyzed water
samples, reviewed the
literature, interviewed ,
specialists, and prepared a
magazine summarizing
their findings.
LAKE WILLIAM
C. BOWEN,
SOUTH CAROLINA
Water Quality Project
Committee formed to study
watershed pollution.
Nonpoint source
pollution from small
farms, orchards, and
residential developments is
the suspected cause of
water quality problems in
Lake Bowen. The Dept. of
Health & Environmental
Control received a Phase I
grant to investigate the
situation. Several educa-
tional and technical
assistance programs that
promote best management
practices (BMPs) for
watershed landowners
have been developed with
the assistance of USD A
Natural Resources Conser-
vation Service, the Land
Resources and Forestry
Commissions, Clemson
University Extension
Service, the City of
Spartanburg, and others.
WEHRSPANN LAKE,
NEBRASKA
Citizen action team is key
to Omaha lake clean-up
initiative.
A web of public-private
partnerships has been.
formed to protect Wehr-
spann Lake, a popular
recreational resource
located outside Omaha
and owned by the U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers.
Water quality problems
routinely occur due to
agricultural chemicals and
pesticides, livestock waste,
septic systems, and other
sources. Funded in part by
Phase II and 319 grants,
the Papio-Missouri River
Natural Resource District,
Natural Resources Conser-
vation Service, University
of Nebraska Cooperative
Extension, and other
agencies, as well as a
citizen action team, are
implementing strategies to
help restore the lake.
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GRAND LAKE,
OKLAHOMA
Cherokee Indians establish
volunteer monitoring in
watershed basin.
An active volunteer
monitoring group made
up primarily of Cherokee
senior citizens has been
collecting data since 1992.
Their work has been
supported by LWQA
grants and coordinated by
the Oklahoma Water
Resources Board. Growing
public awareness of their
efforts fostered legislative
interest, which led to
congressional appropria-
tion of a $400,000
104(b)(3) grant in FY93
for a Grand River basin
study. This major water-
shed project will include
collaborative efforts of
EPA Regions 6 and 7 and
the States of Oklahoma,
Kansas, Missouri, and
Arkansas.
OYSTER CREEK
LAKES, TEXAS
Citizen monitoring of lake
results in Phase I grant.
As a direct result of
two years of citizen
volunteer monitoring,
funded with CLP LWQA
grants and administered by
the Texas Natural Re-
source Conservation
Commission and the
Brazos River Authority, a
$100,000 Phase I was
awarded in FY94 to
develop restoration
alternatives.
INTERACTIVE LAKE
ECOLOGY, NEW
HAMPSHIRE
Interactive Lake Ecology
Program educates students
using videos, workbooks,
and guides.
To support the Interac-
tive Lake Ecology Pro-
gram, the Dept. of
Environmental Services
has published student
workbooks, teacher
guides, and videos to
supplement student and
adult education. All are
intended to spark interest
in lake ecology and to
educate the public about
the importance of lake
ecosystems.
ENID HIGH SCHOOL
VOLUNTEER MONI-
TORING, OKLAHOMA
Local students involved in
modeling and monitoring
of urban watershed.
Following a Phase I
study that pointed out the
pollution problems in their
watershed, local students
at Enid High School, with
the help of the Oklahoma
Water Resources Board,
initiated a water quality
monitoring program and
expanded into bio-
monitoring and flow
monitoring. Their goal is
to quantify impacts from a
mostly urban watershed
and chart the success of
restoration.
ARKANSAS WATER
EDUCATION TEAM
LWQA grant helps citizens
monitor their lakes.
Each month volunteers
throughout the State
collect water samples from
one to four sites on their
lakes. Additional monitor-
ing is also performed on
watershed streams. The
primary objective of this
project is to increase
environmental awareness
at the local level. Dept. of
Pollution Control and
Ecology personnel use
these data to assess lake
water quality trends.
LAKE BEMIDJI,
MINNESOTA
Two videos promote
watershed management.
Bemidji Watershed
Management Project has
produced two educational
videos to promote the
concept of watershed
management and to
provide technical informa-
tion about water quality
protection activities. One
of the videos details the
design and installation of a
computerized stream
monitoring network to
target the installation of
BMPs within the water-
shed. The second video
gives an overview of the
Watershed .Management
Project and shows the
installation of agricultural,
forestry, and urban BMPs.
These videos are fre-
quently shown to schools
and civic groups.
-------
AKING ACTION
The Clean Lakes
Program funds
many innovative
approaches to lake
and watershed
management.
NORTHEAST LAKE,
OKLAHOMA
New waste controls at the
Oklahoma. City zoo reduce
polluted runoff.
In FY93 the Oklahoma
Water Resources Board
completed a Phase II
project that included the
construction of a lift
station at the City zoo to
halt the seepage of animal
wastes to Northeast Lake.
This urban water resource
also benefited from repairs
to the sewage collection
system in the watershed.
Other activities included
the removal of accumu-
lated sediment by bull-
dozer and hydraulic
dredge. The dredged
material, in turn, was used
to create more space for
new zoo exhibits.
LAKE AHQUABI, IOWA
Constructed basins keep
sediments and nutrients
from polluting lake.
Under a Phase II grant
die Iowa Department of
Natural Resources com-
pleted construction of five
sedimentation basins in
the Lake Ahquabi water-
shed. Sediments and
nutrients have caused
eutrophication in recent
years, which has ruined
recreational opportunities
and other uses. Three of
the sedimentation basins
will be partially filled with
material dredged from the
lake and artificial wetlands
will be established to aid in
the pollutant removal
process.
H CASCADE RESER-
VOIR, IDAHO
Phase Howard will be used
to implement BMPs.
A Phase II award will
be used to better deter-
mine watershed areas that
contribute phosphorus to
the lake and to implement
BMPs. Watershed BMPs
include riparian improve-
ments through controlled
livestock access and
revegetation, waste
management, and sedi-
ment ponds. Effectiveness
will be measured using
GIS and ground-truthing.
Section 319 and State
funds are also helping to
implement BMPs in the
watershed.
SWARTSWOOD LAKE,
NEW JERSEY
Five-unit aeration system
breathes new life into
popular trout lake.
This 510-acre glacier
lake was suffering from
large growths of aquatic
weeds and algae and low
dissolved oxygen in deeper
waters. The State Dept. of
Environmental Protection
and a local group formed a
lake restoration committee
to halt deterioration and
save the trout fishery. A
Phase II grant helped pay
for two aeration devices
and three bubblers to
reintroduce oxygen into
the lake. Also included in
the project were mechani-
cal harvesting of weed
beds and watershed
strategies to reduce
nutrient pollution.
BEAVER LAKE, NEW
HAMPSHIRE
Watershed management
plan implemented to curb
algal blooms.
Algal blooms caused by
excessive phosphorus
loading were undermining
recreational opportunities
in Beaver Lake. A Phase I
Diagnostic/Feasi bility
Study examined physical,
chemical, and biological
data and made a series of
management recommen-
dations to improve water
quality conditions. Several
of these recommendations
are being implemented
through a section 319
nonpoint source grant.
McDANIEL LAKE,
MISSOURI
Watershed committee
couples Phase I and 319
grants to assess and protect
City of Springfield's water
supply reservoir.
McDaniel Lake is one
of Springfield's two water
supply reservoirs. Runoff
from agricultural activities,
primarily beef and dairy
cattle operations and septic
systems located in mar-
ginal soils, are the primary
sources of pollution.
Administered by the
Missouri Dept. of Natural
Resources, the grants will
be used to place BMPs in
the watershed to control
nutrient and sediment
inputs and identify actions
to restore water quality.
10
-------
LAKE
HOLLINGSWORTH,
FLORIDA
Phase I Diagnostic/
Feasibility Study recom-
mends dredging and
watershed management.
Lake Hollingsworth,
located in Lakeland, is a
valuable recreational
resource for visitors and
the local community.
Sedimentation in bays
ruined aquatic habitat and
caused the buildup of
shallows, which limited
boating and fishing
opportunities. A Phase I
study helped define a
strategy that included
dredging and watershed
BMPs.
LAKE AHQUABI, IOWA
Lack of oxygen chokes off
fisheries until lake improve-
ments are
The fish stock in this
once-popular lake was
declining. To improve
habitat and fishing oppor-
tunities, the State Dept. of
Natural Resources com-
bined Phase II funding
with State sport fish
restoration funds and
marine boat fuel-tax funds
to make needed improve-
ments in and around the
lake. Included are an
aeration system, fish
habitat structures, shore-
line rip-rap, and a handi-
capped-accessible fishing
pier. Once these improve-
ments are in place, officials
anticipate a fourfold
increase in use (600,000
visitor days/yr).
KEZAR LAKE, NEW
HAMPSHIRE
Phase III-project monitors
effects of nutrient inactiva-
tion project.
What are the impacts
of using aluminum sulfate
and sodium aluminate to
trap the important plant
nutrient phosphorus in.
lake sediments? Does it
really provide long-lasting
control of algal blooms?
These and other questions
are being answered
through a Phase III study
of Kezar Lake in North
Sutton. Initiated by the
Dept. of Environmental
Services, researchers are
examining 10 years of
post-application data to
determine water quality
trends and the benefits/
costs of this lake restora-
tion technique, which
strips phosphorus from the
water column and traps it
in the sediments.
LAKEOSAKIS,
MINNESOTA
Watershed District plans to
reduce in-lake phosphorous
concentrations by 30%-40%.
Sauk River Watershed
District officials have
identified an important
pathway of phosphorus
pollution in Lake Osakis
and are now working to
remedy the situation.
Large quantities of this
nutrient have triggered
excessive plant growth
throughout the lake.
Aided by a Phase II grant,
the District is planning a
combination of watershed
BMPs and concentrated
public education programs
to reduce phosphorus
discharge to the lake by
30-40 percent. Lake
monitoring will evaluate
the progress.
LAKEACOMITA,
NEW MEXICO
Pueblo Tribe improves
fisheries habitat through
dredging and fish structure
placement.
The Pueblo initiated
this project in response to
degraded water quality ,
and poor fishing in the
lake. A Phase II grant
supports drainage and
removal of nutrient-rich
sediments and the place-
ment offish structures. A
basinwide water quality/
quantity study was also
performed to identify
strategies for the Tribe's
limited water resources.
LAKE LaPLATA,
PUERTO RICO
San Juan water supply lake
threatened by hyacinths and
watershed pollution.
The Environmental
Quality Board used Phase
II funding to develop a
watershed restoration plan
that included water
hyacinth harvesting,
sewage improvements, and
the use of nonpoint
source BMPs. The Board
also initiated the construc-
tion of a chicken manure
processing plant, which
began operation in 1995.
Processed manure is sold
to local flower growers.
11
-------
ATIONAL PROJECTS AND EVENTS
FISH AND FISHERIES
MANAGEMENT
MANUAL
Technical document keifs
lake managers integrate a
healthy fishery with lake
ana watershed improve-
ment strategies.
More than 2000 copies
of Fish and Fisheries
Management in Lakes and
Reservoirs (EPA. 841-R-
93-002) were published
and distributed in May
1993. This document
provides both water
quality managers and
fisheries managers with a
better understanding of
the concepts and tech-
niques of fisheries manage-
ment in the context of an
integrated lake watershed
management project.
&EPA
Fish and Fisheries
Management in
Lakes and Reservoirs
TECHNICAL SUPPLEMENT TO
The take and Reservoir Restoration
jOuftfance Manual
ANNUAL STATE
LAKES PROGRAM
CONFERENCES
State and local lake officials
gather in Chicago to
strengthen program efforts.
EPA cosponsored the
6th and 7th annual
conferences on Enhancing
the States Lake Manage-
ment Programs in May
1993 and 1994. An
important theme was the
formation of effective State
and local partnerships;
topics included public
outreach, leadership skills,
buffer zone management,
and water quality monitor-
ing.
LAKE MAINTENANCE
HANDBOOK
New document provides
ideas for simple, safe lake
maintenance projects.
LakeSmarts, The First
Lake Maintenance Hand-
book was published in Nov.
1993 with support from
the Clean Lakes Program.
This document is for lake
users who wish to improve
conditions in their lakes or
ponds. Included are
chapters on aquatic weed
and algae control, fish, and
sediments.
VOLUNTEERS IN THE
MIDWEST COLLECT
LAKE DATA
First Great American
Secchi Dip-In attracts more
than 800 volunteers.
Citizen volunteer lake
monitors throughout the
Midwest joined together
in July 1994 for the "First
Great American Secchi
Dip-In." The purposes
were to enhance the
understanding of lakes in
local communities and to
get citizens to help protect
these resources through
the collection of transpar-
ency and other data.
METHODS FOR
ANALYZING WATER
QUALITY TRENDS
EPA presents nonparamet-
ric statistical methods for
lake water quality studies.
In December 1993
EPA published the
technical guidance docu-
ment Statistical Methods
for the Analysis of Lake
Water Quality Trends
(EPA 841-R-93-003).
Using the manual and the
accompanying software,
lake managers can employ
nonparametric statistical
methods to study trends in
water quality.
NORTH AMERICAN
LAKE MANAGEMENT
SOCIETY SYMPOSIA
Lake professionals exchange
latest technology at interna-
tional conferences.
EPA supported the
13th and 14th Annual
International Symposia of
the North American Lake
Management Society held
in Seattle, WA, in 1993
and in Orlando, FL, in
1994. These conferences
provide a forum for
citizens and lake profes-
sionals at all levels to share
the latest information and
technology on lake
management.
12
-------
EGION I
Regional Clean Lake Coordinator
Warren Howard
Water Management Division
U.S. EPA Region I
John F. Kennedy Federal Building
One Congress Street
Boston, MA 02203
Tel (617)565-3515
Fax (617)565-4940
State/Tribe/
Territory
Cooperative
Project Agreement
Amount
| FY 1993 Awards ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H
Maine
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
Rhode Island
Vermont
Statewide
Statewide
Statewide
Statewide
Statewide
LWQA
LWQA
LWQA
LWQA
LWQA
50,000
50,000
50,000
50,000
50,000
| FY 1994 Awards ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H
Connecticut
Maine
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
Rhode Island
Vermont
Statewide
Statewide
Statewide
Statewide
Great Pond
Statewide
Statewide
LWQA
LWQA
LWQA
LWQA
Phase I
LWQA
LWQA
50,000
50,000
50,000
50,000
39,775
50,000
50,000
1 Other Active: Projects ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H
Connecticut
Maine
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
Vermont
Lake Waramaug
China Lake
Lake Buel
Lake Cochituate
Eagle Lake
Hill's Pond
Lower Mystic Lake
Porter Lake
Spy Pond
Flints Pond
Great Pond
Pawtuckaway Lake
Kezar Lake
Lake Champlain
Lake Bomoseen
Phase III
Phase II
Phase II
Phase II
Phase II
Phase II
Phase II
Phase II
Phase II
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase III
Phase I
Phase II
13
-------
EGION II
Regional Clean Lake Coordinator
Terry Faber
2WM-SWQ
U.S. EPA Region II
290 Broadway
New York, NY 10007
Tel (212)637-3804
Fax (212)637-3772
State/Tribe/
Territory
Cooperative
Project Agreement
Amount
| FY 1993 Awards ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H^^^H
New Jersey
New York
Statewide
Statewide
Chautauqua Lake
Otsego Lake
Collins Lake
LWQA
LWQA
Phase I
Phase I
Phase II
23,000
50,000
50,000
50,000
50,000
1 FY 1994 Awards ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H
New Jersey
New York
Puerto Rico
Statewide
Shadow Lake
Statewide
Upper Saranac Lake
Territory-wide
LWQA
Phase I
LWQA
Phase I
LWQA
30,000
54,000
50,000
100,000
50,000
| Other Active Projects ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H
New Jersey
New York
Puerto Rico
Lake Musconetc'ong
Strawbridge Lake
Alcyon Lake
Cranberry Lake
Deal Lake
Greenwood Lake
Lake Hopatcong
Manahawkin Lake
Sylvan Lake
Lake Champlain
Lake Onondaga
Lake Champlain
Chautauqua Lake
Ostego Lake
Collins Lake
Lake George
Greenwood Lake
Cidra Lake
Lake La Plata
Phase I
Phase I
Phase II
Phase II
Phase II
Phase II
Phase II
Phase II
Phase II
Conference
Conference
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase II
Phase II
Phase II
Phase I
Phase II
14
-------
EGION III
Regional Clean Lake Coordinator
Hank Zygmtuit
3WM11
U.S. EPA Region III
841 Chestnut Street
Philadelphia, PA 19107
Tel (215)597-3429
Fax (215)597-3359
State/Tribe/
Territory
Cooperative
Project Agreement
4
Amount
I FY 1993 Awards ^^^^^^^^^^^^H^^^H^^^^^^^^^H
Delaware
Maryland
Pennsylvania
Virginia
West Virginia
Statewide
Statewide
Allen Pond
Statewide
Conneaut Lake
Stephen Foster Lake
Mills/Coles Run Lake
Statewide
LWQA
LWQA-
Phase II
LWQA
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
LWQA
50,000
16,885
23,524
50,000
22,820
34,020
36,751
30,000
1 FY 1994 Awards ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H
Delaware
Maryland
Pennsylvania
Virginia
West Virginia
Statewide
Statewide
Urieville Lake
Statewide
Green Lake Reservoir
Pinchot Lake
Statewide
Statewide
Hurricane Lake
LWQA
LWQA
Phase I
LWQA
Phase I
Phase I
LWQA
LWQA
Phase II
50,000
26,873
41,188
50,000
65,000
53,300
25,000
20,000
45,414
1 Other Active Projects^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^l
Delaware
Maryland
West Virginia
Lum's Pond
Centennial Lake
Lake Roland
Mountwood Park Lake
Phase II
Phase I
Phase II
Phase II
15
-------
EGIONIV
Regional Clean Lake Coordinator
Howard Marshall
U.S. EPA Region IV
345 Courtland Street, NE
Atlanta, GA 30365
Tel (404) 347-2126
Fax (404) 347-3269
State/
Tribe
Project
Cooperative
Agreement
Amount
1 FY 1993 Awards ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H
Alabama
Florida
Georgia
Kentucky
Mississippi
North Carolina
South Carolina
Tennessee
Cherokee Tribe
Poarch Tribe
Statewide
Neely Henry Lake
Statewide
Statewide
Statewide
Statewide
Statewide
Statewide
Lake Wateree
Statewide
Cherokee Pond
Poarch Pond
LWQA
Phase I
LWQA
LWQA
LWQA
LWQA
LWQA
LWQA
Phase I
LWQA
Phase II
Phase I
50,000
22,000
50,000
50,000
50,000
50,000
50,000
50,000
30,000
50,000
3,000
3,000
| FY 1994 Awards ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H
Alabama
Florida
Georgia
Kentucky
Mississippi
North Carolina
South Carolina
Cherokee Tribe
Statewide
Lake Neely Henry
Smith Lake
Statewide
Statewide
Lake Blackshear
Carters Lake
Statewide
Statewide
Statewide
Statewide
Lake Bo wen
Cherokee Pond
LWQA
Phase I
Phase I
LWQA
LWQA
Phase I
Phase I
LWQA
LWQA
LWQA
LWQA
Phase II
Phase II
50,000
8,000
93,000
50,000
50,000
20,000
92,000
50,000
50,000
50,000
50,000
8,000
3,000
16
-------
State/
Tribe
Cooperative
Project Agreement
1 Other Active Projects ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^I^^^H
Alabama
Georgia
Mississippi
North Carolina
South Carolina
Tennessee
Cherokee Tribe
Poarch Tribe
Lake Walter F. George
Lake Weiss
Lake West Point
Lake Allatoona
Lake Lanier
Lake Walter F. George
Lake West Point
Lake Washington
Big Lake/Lake Long
Lake Brown
Broadway Lake
Lake Normandy
Fishing Lakes
Poarch Lake
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase II
Phase II
Phase II
Phase III
Phase I
Phase II
Phase I
Students at Wolbach (NE) Public Schools
help monitor and cleanup Wolbach Lake
with the aid of a Clean Lakes LWQA grant
Photo courtesy of Paul Brakhage, NE Dept. of Environmental Quality
17
-------
EGIONV
Regional Clean Lake Coordinator
Tom Davenport
WQW-16J
U.S. EPA Region V
77 West Jackson Blvd.
Chicago, IL 60604
Tel (312) 886-0209
Fax (312)886-7804
State/
Tribe
Cooperative
Project Agreement
Amount
1 FY 1993 Awards ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H
Illinois
Indiana
Michigan
Minnesota
Ohio
Wisconsin
1 FY 1994 Awards ^H
Illinois
Indiana
Michigan
Minnesota
Ohio
Wisconsin
Mole Lake Tribe
Lake George
McCullom Lake
Paris Twin Lakes
Statewide
Versailles Lake
Statewide
Sisters Lakes
. Hamlin Lake
Statewide
Long/Spring Lake
Bemidji/Irving Lakes
Sallie-Detroit Lakes
Statewide
Statewide
Bass Lake
Statewide
McCullom Lake
Paris Twin Lakes
Statewide
Statewide
Elk Lake
Hamlin Lake
Statewide
Bemidji/Irving Lakes
Sallie-Detroit Lakes
Sauk/Oaskis Lakes
Statewide
Statewide
Lake Mendota
Devil's Lake
Phase I
Phase II
Phase II
LWQA
Phase I
LWQA
Phase I
Phase II
LWQA
Phase I
Phase II
Phase II
LWQA
LWQA
Phase II
LWQA
Phase II
Phase II
LWQA
LWQA
Phase I
Phase II
LWQA
Phase II
Phase II
Phase II
LWQA
LWQA
Phase I
Phase III
LWQA
48,900
182,655
22,345
50,000
50,000
50,000
23,517
40,050
50,000
36,833
16,500
35,200
50,000
50,000
35,000
50,000
9,800
148,305
50,000
50,000
20,000
100,400
50,000
84,471
78,983
79,491
50,000
50,000
50,000
125,000
50,000
18
-------
State/
Tribe
Project
Cooperative
Agreement
| Other Active Projects ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^|
Illinois
Indiana
Michigan
Minnesota
Canton Lake
Stephen Forbes Lake
Sand Lake
Third Lake
Wolf Lake
Lake Pittsfield
Sherman Park Lagoon
Skokie Lagoons
Frank Holten State
Park Lakes
Lake Le-Aqua-Na
Lake George
Lake Monroe
Wolf Lake
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase II
Phase II
Phase II
Phase III
Phase III
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Elk River Chain of Lakes Phase I
East and West Glen Lakes Phase I
Fremont Lake Phase I
Higgins Lake Phase I
Mona Lake Phase I
Marble-Coldwater
Chain of Lakes , Phase II
Lake Mitchell Phase II
Morrison Lake Phase II
Lake Lansing Phase IIL
Alimagnet Lake
Boy River Chain of Lakes
Bemidji/Irving Lakes
Big Kandiyohi Lake
Diamond Lake
East Side Lake
Florence Lake
French Lake
Green Lake
Grove Lake
Koronis-Rice Lakes
Long Lake/
Minnehaha Watershed
Long Year Lake
Lake Ripley
Sallie/Detroit Lakes
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
State/
Tribe Project
Cooperative
Agreement
Minnesota Sauk Lake
(con't.) Sauk River Chain
Tanner's Lake
Upper and Lower
Prior Lakes
Big Stone Lake
Clearwater Chain
Crystal Lake
Golden Lake
Medicine Lake
Moore Lake
Lake Riley
Lake McCarrons
Ohio Dillon Reservoir
Indian Lake
Sippo Lake
Twin Lakes
Phase I
of Lakes Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase II
of Lakes Phase II
Phase II
Phase II
Phase II
Phase II
Phase II
Phase III
Phase I
Phase II
Phase II
Phase III
Wisconsin Bass Lake Phase I
Fish Lake Phase I
Pickerel/Crane Lakes Phase I
Lake Wissota Phase I
Lake Comus Phase II
Delavan Lake Phase II
Lake Henry Phase II
Milwaukee Urban Lakes Phase II
Lake Noquebay Phase II
Upper Willow Reservoir Phase II
Wind Lake Phase II
8 Lakes Phase III
White Earth
Chippewa Tribe
Red Lake
Chippewa Tribe
Mille Lacs
Chippewa Tribe
Menominee Tribe
Lac du Flambeau Tribe
LWQA
LWQA
LWQA
Phase I
Phase I
LWQA
19
-------
EGIONVI
Regional Clean Lake Coordinator
Mike Bira
6W-QS
U.S. EPA Region VI
1445 Ross Ave., llth Floor
Dallas, TX 75202-2733
Tel (214) 665-6668
Fax (214) 665-6689
State/
Tribe
Cooperative
Project Agreement
Amount
| FY 1993 Awards ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H^^^^^^^l
New Mexico
Oklahoma
Texas
Statewide
Statewide
Lake Henrietta
Taylor Lake
Statewide
Lake Pat Cleburne
LWQA
LWQA
Phase I
Phase I
LWQA
Phase I
50,000
50,000
100,000
62,000
50,000
100,000
I FY 1994 Awards ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H^^^^^^^^^^^l
Arkansas
Oklahoma
Texas
Statewide
Statewide
Arcadia Lake
Statewide
Oyster Creek Lake
White Rock Lake
LWQA
LWQA
Phase I
LWQA
Phase I
Phase I
30,000
50,000
148,000
50,000
100,000
100,000
1 Other Active Projects ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^1
Oklahoma
Texas
Acoma Pueblo
Carmen Lake
Lake Claremore
Lake Eucha
Lake Eufaula
Hunter Lake
Newkirk Lake
Lake Perry
Skipout Lake
Tenkiller Ferry Lake
Lake Wister
Lake Worth
Lake Acomita
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase II
Phase II
20
-------
EGION VII
Regional Clean Lake Coordinator
Julie Elfving
Water Management Division
. U.S. EPA Region VTI
726 Minnesota Ave.
Kansas City, KS 66101
Tel (913)551-7475
Fax (913)551-7765
State/
Tribe
Cooperative
Project Agreement
Amount
1 FY 1993 Awards ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H
Iowa
Kansas
Missouri
Nebraska
Lake Ahquabi
Little Wall Lake
Upper/Lower Pine Lakes
Ramrock/Mary's Lakes
McDaniel Lake
Statewide
Big Indian Reservoir
Maskenthine Lake/
Willow Creek
Wehrspann Lake
Phase II
Phase II
Phase II
Phase I
Phase I
LWQA
Phase I
Phase II
Phase II
34,274
25,000
67,000
44,986
45,000
50,000
35,700
25,000
27,040
I FY 1994 Awards ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^1
Iowa
Missouri
Nebraska
Lake Ahquabi
Statewide
Cameron City Lakes
Statewide
Valentine Mill Pond
Phase II
LWQA
Phase I
LWQA
Phase I
211,000
26,873
65,000
50,000
70,000
1 Other Active Proiects^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^I
Iowa
Kansas
Nebraska
Five Island Lake
Ford County Lakes
Buckley Reservoir
Chalkrock/Buckskin Hills
Nemaha Lakes
Lower Elkhorn Lakes
Phase II
Phase II
Phase I
Phase I
Phase I
Phase II
21
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Office of Wetlands, Oceans and Watersheds Publications
If you arc interested in receiving additional Office of Wetlands, Oceans and Watersheds publications, write or
fax your request to:
NCEPI
11029 Kenwood Road, Building 5
Cincinnati, OH 45242
Fax (513)489-8695
Request Office of Wetlands, Oceans and Watersheds 1995 Publication List (EPA 840-B-95-001) for a
complete list of available titles. Presented below are selected publications that focus on lake management.
The Lake and Reservoir
Restoration Guidance Manual
(Second Edition)
EPA440-4-90-006
8/90
Volunteer Lake Monitoring: A
Methods Manual
EPA440-4-91-002
12/91
Fish and Fisheries Management in
Lakes and Reservoirs: Technical
Supplement to die Lake and
Reservoir Restoration Guidance
Manual
EPAA841-R-93-002
5/93
Monitoring Lake and Reservoir
Restoration: Technical Supplement
to the Lake and Reservoir
Restoration Guidance Manual
EPA440-4-90-007
8/90
Statistical Methods for the Analysis
of Lake Water Quality Trends
EPA841-R-93-003
12/93
Written for informed citizens who are interested in protecting, restor-
ing, and managing lakes. Focuses on four areas: identifying lake prob-
lems, evaluating management practices for addressing problems or for
protecting water quality, developing a site-specific management plan,
and implementing and evaluating lake management plans. Includes a
hypothetical case study, point source techniques, best management
practices, and State and Provincial lake management programs. (326
Provides step-by-step methods for monitoring key lake water quality
problems using citizen volunteers. Includes information on quality
assurance/quality control (QA/QC) of data, data analysis and preserva-
tion, and equipment. (121 pgs.)
Focuses on the management of fisheries and lake water quality. An
important objective of this manual is to encourage the development of
an integrated lake management program that assesses fish, other biota,
the physical and chemical characteristics of the lake habitat, and the
associated watershed as an interdependent unit. (321 pgs.)
Explains how to design and implement a lake monitoring program
during and following a lake restoration project. Describes monitoring
methods for both the waterbed and the watershed. Provides recom-
mendations for consistent monitoring methods and quality assurance
procedures to assist lake managers and researchers. Includes a U.S.
Geological Survey map illustrating the average annual runoff in the
United States. (130 pgs.)
This manual and the accompanying software in the SAS system presents
nonparametric statistical methods for trend assessment in water quality,
with an emphasis on lakes. The purpose of the manual and software is
to furnish lake program managers with guidance on the application and
interpretation of methods for the detection of trends in lake water
quality. (107 pgs.)
26
*U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1995-399-902/40195
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