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Providing Safe Drinking
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2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2003 National Public
A/ater Systems Compliance Report 2003 National Public Water Systems
Compliance Report 2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2003 National
Dublic Water Systems Compliance Report 2003 National Public Wate
Systems 2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2003
slational Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2003 National Public
A/ater Systems Compliance Report 2003 National Public Water Systems
Compliance Report 2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2003 National Public
A/ater Systems 2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2003 National
Dublic Water Systems Compliance Report 2003 National Public Water
Systems Compliance Report 2003 National Public Water Systems
Compliance Report 2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance
Report 2003 National Public Water Systems 2003 National Public Wat
Systems Compliance Report 2003 National Public Water Systems
Compliance Report 2000 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2003 National
Dublic Water Systems Compliance Report 2003 National Public Water
Systems Compliance Report 2003 National Public Water Systems 200
slational Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2003 National Public
A/ater Systems Compliance Report 2003 National Public Water Systems
Compliance Report 2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2003 National Public
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Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance (2201A)
Washington, DC 20460
EPA 305-R-05-002
September 2005
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National Summary of Public Water Systems Compliance in 2003
Introduction 1
What Information is in This Report? 2
Findings 3
Public Water System Sizes and Types 3
Overall Compliance Picture 4
Health-Based Drinking Water Standards 4
Monitoring and Reporting Drinking Water Standards 5
Community Water Systems 7
Non-Community Water Systems 7
How Does EPA Help PWS Comply With Requirements? 7
What Happens to Systems in Violation of the Requirements? 8
How is the Quality of the Data EPA Uses for This Report? 9
What is EPA Doing to Improve Data Quality? 9
How Does EPA Evaluate State Reports? 11
Conclusions and Recommendations 11
Comparison of 2002 and 2003 Data 11
TCR Violations 12
Trends Since 1999 12
Implementation of Prior Year Recommendations 12
2003 Report Recommendations 13
National Summary of Compliance for Public Water Systems in Indian Country in 2003
Introduction 15
Public Water Systems in Indian Country 15
Public Water Systems in Alaska and Oklahoma 15
Data Quality 15
Findings 15
Compliance Assistance and Enforcement 17
Financial Assistance 18
Conclusions and Recommendations 18
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Table of Contents Page i September 2005
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Appendix A
Glossary of Terms A-l
Appendix B
Summaries of State Annual Compliance Reports B-l
Appendix C
Map of Indian Lands C-l
List of Tables
Table A-l: Significant Monitoring Violations for Annual State Public Water System Reports A-4
Table A-2: Summary of Drinking Water Regulations for Public Water Systems During 2003 A-5
Table B-l: Summary of Elements Reported by States B-5
September 2005 Page ii 2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Table of Contents
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National Summary of
Public Water Systems Compliance in 2003
INTRODUCTION
The National Public Water Systems Compliance
Report for 2003 describes how the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and its
state and tribal partners are meeting the goal of
ensuring that Americans receive safe drinking
water from public water systems.
Some of the ways that EPA measures attaining
this goal is to track the number of public water
systems that may not be meeting health-based
drinking water standards, or monitoring and
reporting requirements.
In 2003 94% of America's public water
systems reported no violations of a health-
based drinking water standard.
Public Water Systems
A Public Water System (PWS) is a system that
provides water for human consumption, if such
system has at least 15 service connections or
regularly serves at least 25 individuals at least 60
days out of the year. A public water system can be
one of three types:
Community Systems (CWS) serve at least 15
service connections (which may include
factories, schools, or places of housing that are
on the same distribution system as residences)
used by year-round residences or regularly serve
at least 25 year-round residents.
Non-transient Non-community Systems
(NTNCWS) serve at least 25 of the same
persons over six months per year not at their
residence (e.g., schools or factories that have
their own water source).
Transient Non-community Systems (TNCWS)
serve at least 25 persons (but not the same 25)
over six months per year not at their residence
(e.g., campgrounds or highway rest stops that
have their own water source).
EPA prepares a National Public Water Systems
Compliance Report for every calendar year. This
report uses calendar year, which is from January
through December, while other reports or
databases may use the fiscal year which is from
October through September. The report is an
annual summary of reported violations at the
nation's public water systems. This report also
discusses the data we use to measure our
success and the progress we are making in our
efforts to increase data reliability and
completeness. The report also summarizes and
evaluates annual reports prepared by the states.1
The first part of this report provides a national
picture of the public water system compliance
using data from the Safe Drinking Water
Information System/Federal Version (SDWIS).
SDWIS is the national database where states and
tribes with primacy report annually to EPA
violations of the maximum contaminant levels,
treatment techniques, significant monitoring and
reporting, significant consumer notification,
variance and/or exemptions. EPA aggregates these
reported violations at all public water systems in
states, commonwealths, territories and in Indian
country to present a national summary of
violations, and then presents summaries of
significant monitoring and reporting violations,
significant public notification violations, and
violations of health-based standards at the
different kinds of public water systems.
The second part of this report presents
information on public water systems in Indian
country.
A glossary of terms used in this report appears
in Appendix A.
Summaries and evaluations of completeness of
the states' annual public water systems reports
for 2003 are presented in Appendix B.
The term "state" includes 57 states, commonwealths, and territories that have been approved to Implement the drinking water
program within their jurisdiction. It also Includes the Navajo Nation, which received EPA approval to Implement Its drinking
water program on December 6, 2000. Federal approval to Implement the drinking water program Is called primary
enforcement authority, or "primacy." During calendar year 2003, EPA directly Implemented the drinking water program In
Wyoming, the District of Columbia, and throughout most of Indian country other than the Navajo Nation. EPA Is responsible
for reporting violations In areas where the Agency directly Implements the program.
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report National Summary
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September 2005
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How Does The Public Find Out If Its Drinking Water Is Safe?
Information Sent to Customers:
Consumer Confidence Report -
(http://www.epa.gov/safewater/ccr/pdfs/quickrefguide
_ccr.pdf) Every community water system is required to
produce a yearly report identifying the contaminants
detected in its water and the risks of exposure to those
contaminants. The annual water quality report or
consumer confidence report (CCR) provides customers
with a more complete picture of drinking water quality
and systems operations. The annual CCR tells
customers what is in their water, where it comes from,
and where they can obtain additional information. Large
systems are required to mail their customers the report.
While medium systems and small systems are required
to produce the report, these systems may obtain a
waiver from the mailing requirement. Very small
systems are only required to print the report in the local
newspaper.
Public Notification Rule (http://www.epa.gov/
safewater/pws/pn/rulefact.html) Public water systems
must notify their customers if there has been a violation
of drinking water standards. Public notification is
intended to ensure that consumers will always know if
there is a problem with their drinking water. Public
water systems must notify the people who drink their
water if the level of a contaminant in the water exceeds
EPA, State, or tribal drinking water regulations, if there
is a waterborne disease outbreak or any other situation
that may pose a risk to the public health, if the water
system fails to test its water as required, or if the
system has a variance or exemption from the
regulations. Depending on the severity of the situation,
water suppliers have 24 hours to one year to notify
their customers. Public notification is provided in
addition to the CCR.
Information on the Internet:
Safewater Web Site (http://www.epa.gov/safewater) -
Provides information on the Safe Drinking Water Act,
individual water systems, contaminants that may be in
drinking water, and what individuals can do to help
protect sources of their drinking water.
Additional Information:
Call the Community Water System Billing statements
should provide a number to call with questions.
State Public Water Systems Compliance Report -
Each state's annual report discusses the violations at its
public water systems. Most state reports include a list
of violating facilities.
National Public Water Systems Compliance Report
(this report) Summarizes all reported violations at
America's public water systems.
Safe Drinking Water Hotline (1-800-426-4791) -
Answers questions about drinking water, lets callers
order documents from EPA, and can refer callers to EPA
experts if they need more information.
Envirofacts Web Site (http://www.epa.gov/enviro) -
Allows the public to access EPA databases containing
information on environmental activities that may affect
air, water, and land anywhere in the United States.
WHAT INFORMATION IS IN THIS REPORT?
This report uses information from SDWIS/FED,
the national database where EPA records
information that the states are required to report
about their public water systems. For the
national public water system compliance reports,
EPA examines SDWIS/FED records of violations
of primary drinking water regulations that
specify: 1) the maximum permissible level of a
contaminant in water that is delivered to any
user of a public water system (Maximum
Contaminant Level or MCL); 2) techniques for
treating water to make it safe; 3) monitoring and
reporting requirements (how and when water
must be tested and the results reported); and
4) significant user notification violations.2
While SDWIS/FED collects information on
monitoring and reporting violations, only
"significant" monitoring and reporting
violations are counted in this report. A
"significant" monitoring and reporting
violation occurs, with rare exceptions, when
no samples are taken or no results are
reported during a compliance period. Table
A-l provides a more detailed description of
significant monitoring violations for the
different rules.
This report tabulates only "significant" monitoring and reporting and notification (e.g., CCR) violations. Table A-l presents
descriptions of significant monitoring violations for the different drinking water regulations.
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2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report National Summary
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A significant user notification violation occurs
when a community water system completely
failed to provide to its users a required
report. Significant user notification violations
include violations of the Consumer
Confidence Report Regulation and violations
of the Public Notification Regulations.
The information provided in the Consumer
Confidence Report (CCR) will supplement
public notification that water systems must
provide to their customers upon discovering
any violation of a contaminant standard. The
CCR should not be the primary notification of
potential health risk posed by drinking water,
but will provide customers with a snapshot of
the quality of their drinking water supply.
Public notification helps to ensure that
consumers receive timely information about
problems with their drinking water. These
public notification requirements have always
been a part of the Safe Drinking Water Act.
EPA routinely evaluates state programs by
conducting data verification audits and triennial
national summary evaluations. These triennial
reviews revealed that only 65% of the apparent
MCL violations and 23% of the apparent
monitoring and reporting violations had been
reported to SDWIS/FED (although what percent
of the unreported monitoring and reporting
violations are significant violations is unknown).
Since the reviews, EPA and its state partners
have worked towards the identification and
resolution of any problems that may have
produced data discrepancies in the past, and to
prevent the occurrence of future problems.
More discussions of data quality concerns,
triennial reviews, and EPAs recommendations
appear later in this report.
FINDINGS
Public Water System Sizes and Types
In 2003, 161,015 public water systems
together served over 308 million users. The
actual number of individuals served was
smaller, because millions of Americans drank
water from, and were counted as users by,
more than one public water system during the
course of the year.
Percentage of Systems by Type
Transient Non-Community
D Community
D Non-Transient Non-Community
53,312 community water systems served
more than 273 million people in their
primary residences.
19,575 non-transient non-community
systems (schools, factories) served over
6 million people in places they frequented.
88,128 transient non-community systems
(campgrounds, highway rest stops) served a
constantly changing user base of over 28
million people.
Most public water systems were small, but
large systems served a majority of the people
who drank water from a public water system.
Size vs. Users Served3
95%
lUU/cf
rw .
78%
13%
2%
Small Systems
Large Systems
D Percentage of Systems Percentage of Users Served
95% of America's public water systems
(including nearly all of the transient non-
community systems) served 3,300 or fewer
users. Together, these 152,205 small systems
provided service to only 13% of all users.
3 Because approximately 3% of public water systems are "medium" in size, i.e., serve between 3,301 and 10,000 users, and
because approximately 9% of the population is served by them, this report omits a separate discussion of "medium" systems.
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report National Summary
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September 2005
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2% of America's public water systems served
more than 10,000 users. Together, these
3,920 large systems provided service to 78%
of all users.
Overall Compliance Picture
Most Americans received drinking water from
public water systems that recorded no
significant violations in 2003.
Users Served by PWS
Without Reported Significant Violations
PWS with Reported Significant Violations
Users Served by PWS without
Reported Significant Violations
Users Served by PWS with
Reported Significant Violations
For 74% of the public water systems in America,
there was no report of a health-based violation
nor were there reports of significant monitoring
and reporting violations. The primacy states
reported either a health-based violation, a
significant monitoring and reporting violation, or
a significant CCR violation at 42,107 public water
systems in 2003.
No Reported Significant Violation
D Reported Significant Violation of Some Kind
78% of the population served by public water
systems received drinking water from a
system that reported no violations of a
health-based standard, was not cited for a
significant violation of a monitoring and
reporting requirement, and issued a
consumer confidence report, if required.
There were 9,937 reported violations of the
CCR Rule in 2003.
One violation of a variance or exemption was
reported to SDWIS/FED during 2003.
Under Federal law, states can grant variances
or exemptions to public water systems in
limited circumstances allowing them to install
alternative technology or giving them more
time to meet a standard if public health is
adequately protected in the interim. The
states reported one violation of variances and
exemptions for the few public water systems
that were operating under a variance or
exemption in 2003.
Health-Based Drinking Water Standards
94% of America's public water systems
reported no violations of a health-based
drinking water standard in 2003 which
impacts 94% of the users served by public
water systems.
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2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report National Summary
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PWS With No Reported Health-Based Violations
D Systems with Reported Health-Based Violations
Systems with No Reported Health-Based Violations
The Maximum Contaminant Level for the Total
Coliform Rule (TCR) is the health-based standard
most frequently violated. SDWIS/FED recorded
14,435 violations of health-based standards in
2003. Sixty-eight percent (68%) of these
violations were violations of the MCL for the Total
Coliform Rule (TCR), which must be met by all
types and sizes of public water systems.4
The health-based standard that was reported
with the least number of violations was the
Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule
(IESWTR) with just over a hundred violations.
Only the largest public water systems are subject
to the IESWTR.
Percentage of Health-Based Violations by Rule
100%
90%
80%
Chem
TCR
LCR
SWTR/ DBPR
IESWTR
Percentage of Health-Based Violations
Monitoring and Reporting
Drinking Water Standards
Approximately two-thirds of the 103,953
violations the states reported to SDWIS/FED in
2003 were for a public water system's significant
failure to monitor and report, rather than a
violation of a standard.
Type of Reported Significant Violations
Monitoring and Reporting
D Health-Based
DCCR/PN
If a system did not monitor the quality of its
water, it is impossible to know if it has
violated a health-based requirement. For this
reason, a system's significant failure to
monitor and report is a major violation that
must be addressed and corrected.
48% of the 70,122 significant monitoring and
reporting violations reported by the states
were violations of the monitoring and
reporting requirements of the TCR. The
states reported 9% fewer violations than the
previous year. This was due to a 49%
decrease in monitoring and reporting
violations for the Chemical Contaminant
Group rules.
For the annual compliance reports, EPA tracks violations of the contaminant rules in five categories: 1) chemical contami-
nants (Chem) violations of rules for organic, inorganic (except for lead and copper), and radioactive contaminants
compliance with many organic and inorganic standards is determined on the basis of shared samples, with one missed sample
resulting in a monitoring and reporting violation of many standards; 2) total coliform (TCR); 3) lead and copper (LCR); 4)
surface water treatment (SWTR) Interim Enhanced Surface Water (IESWTR), filter backwash recycling rule; Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule; and 5) Disinfection By-Product Rule (DBPR). Coliform bacteria are usually not a
threat to humans, but their presence in drinking water can indicate a lapse in treatment and the possible presence of other,
more dangerous microbes.
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report National Summary
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Does a Health-Based Violation Mean Drinking the Water Causes Illness?
It is important to note that a public water system's
violation of a health-based standard does not mean
that the people who drank the system's water got
sick. A health-based violation means either that the
system has exposed its users to what EPA has judged
as an unreasonable risk of illness, or that the system
has failed to treat its water to the extent EPA has
judged necessary to protect its users from an
unreasonable risk of illness in the event that the
regulated contaminant is present in source water.
Many variables affect the likelihood of illness resulting
from health-based violations, among them the
duration of the violation, whether or not the violation
occurred in an isolated section of a complex public
water system, and the extent to which contamination
exceeds the allowable level.
While modern treatment systems have substantially
reduced the incidence of waterborne disease, drinking
water contamination remains a significant health risk
management challenge. Studies by the Centers for
Disease Control (CDC) indicate that between 1980
and 1998 there were 419 outbreaks of illness linked
to contamination in drinking water resulting in an
estimated 511,000 cases of disease (Craun and
Calderon, 1996; Levy et al., 1998; Barwick et al.,
2000). The majority of outbreaks in the U.S. occurred
at surface water systems. Nearly 80% of all reported
cases of illness were associated with the 1993
Cryptosporidium outbreak in Milwaukee, Wl, which
resulted in an estimated 403,000 cases (MacKenzie
et al. 1994; McDonald et al. 2001).
The number of waterborne disease outbreaks
identified and reported in the CDC database is
believed, however, to understate the actual incidence
of outbreaks and cases of illness (Craun and
Calderon, 1996; National Research Council, 1997).
The most recent CDC report on outbreak data for
2001-2002 is available at
http:www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/SS/SS5308.pdf.
Recognized and reported waterborne disease
outbreaks are usually the result of exposure to
waterborne pathogens that cause acute
gastrointestinal illness with diarrhea, abdominal
discomfort, nausea, and vomiting. Because such
illnesses are generally of short duration in healthy
people, many individuals experiencing these
symptoms do not seek medical attention. Where
medical attention is sought, the pathogenic agent may
not be identified through routine testing.
Consequently, outbreaks are often not recognized in a
community or, if recognized, are not traced to a
drinking water source. Moreover, an unknown but
probably significant portion of waterborne disease is
endemic (i.e., isolated cases not associated with an
outbreak) and, thus, is even more difficult to
recognize. Waterborne disease information does not
include information on diseases that would be caused
by contaminants with chronic effects.
EPA's health-based standards are intended to provide
an adequate margin of safety not just for healthy
people, but also for populations that are at greater
risk from waterborne disease. These sensitive
subpopulations include children (especially the very
young), the elderly, the malnourished, pregnant
women, the disease-impaired (e.g., those with
diabetes, cystic fibrosis), and a broad category of
those with compromised immune systems, such as
AIDS patients, those with autoimmune disorders (e.g.,
rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, multiple
sclerosis), transplant recipients, and those on
chemotherapy (Rose, 1997). Immunocompromised
persons are more likely than healthy individuals to
contract waterborne disease, the severity and duration
of their illness is often greater, and they are at a
greater risk of death.
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2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report National Summary
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Community Water Systems
Although community water systems make up
only one-third of the public water systems in
America, they serve 87% of population served by
public water systems.
76% of the population served by community
water systems received drinking water from a
system that reported no violations of a
health-based standard, was not cited for a
significant violation of a monitoring and
reporting requirement, and issued a
consumer confidence report as required.
A little over 18,000 (34%) out of the over
53,000 community water systems had
significant violations. Of the 273 million
users served in their primary residence by
community water systems, approximately 65
million received their water from one of the
violating community water systems.
Approximately 2,000 (23%) of the almost
8,560 larger community water systems
serving more than 3,300 users had significant
violations. These violating larger community
systems served almost 58 million of the 273
million users served in their primary
residence by community water systems.
Of the approximately 44,800 small
community water systems serving 3,300
users or less in their primary residence, over
16,100 (36%) had significant violations. Over
7.1 million users were served by these small
community water systems.
The Consumer Confidence Report (CCR) Rule
requires all community water systems to
provide an annual report to customers
identifying the contaminants detected in their
water and the health risks associated with
those contaminants. As reported to
SDWIS/FED, 87% of community water
systems complied with the CCR Rule.
In calendar year 2003, 7,155 community
water systems were found to have a
"significant" violation of the CCR Rule,
meaning that the community water system
completely failed to provide the required
report.
Non-Community Water Systems
Approximately 24,000 (22%) out of over
107,000 non-community water systems had
significant violations. The vast majority of
these were small non-community water
systems serving 3,300 users or less. Together
these small systems with significant violations
served only 3.2 million users out of the
approximately 35 million users served by
non-community water systems.
52 (21%) out of 250 larger non-community
water systems serving more than 3,300 users
had significant violations. Together these 52
larger non-community systems served only
about 658,000 (1.9%) users of the
approximately 35 million users served by
non-community water systems.
HOW DOES EPA HELP PWS
COMPLY WITH REQUIREMENTS?
Primacy States and EPA engage in a variety of
activities to help public water systems remain in
and return to compliance, including formal
enforcement actions, informal actions, and
compliance and technical assistance. State and
EPA compliance assistance efforts to help a
source remain in or return to compliance may
include:
conducting on-site visits and sanitary surveys
at public water systems (i.e., an on-site
review of the water sources, facilities,
equipment, operations, and maintenance to
evaluate their adequacy in producing and
distributing safe drinking water);
helping systems invest in preventive
measures;
providing financial assistance for system
improvements through the Drinking Water
State Revolving Fund and other State funding
programs;
reviewing water system plans and
specifications;
conducting training sessions;
holding public information meetings;
lending specialized monitoring equipment;
and
publishing informational bulletins and
newsletters on training events and other
educational opportunities.
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report National Summary
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What Happens to Systems in
Violation of the Requirements?
When a drinking water violation is detected and
it is determined that compliance assistance is not
the best tool to return a source to compliance,
EPA guidelines require a response from the
primacy agency as a condition of funding.
Acceptable responses include a variety of formal
and informal actions as the state or EPA attempts
to return a violating public water system to
compliance as quickly as possible.
Generally, the primacy agency's first responses to
violations are informal actions such as:
compliance assistance as appropriate;
reminder letters;
warning letters;
notices of violation;
field visits; and
telephone calls.
If the violation continues or recurs, the primacy
agency must initiate a formal enforcement
response that requires the violating public water
system to return to compliance. Formal
enforcement responses include:
citations;
administrative orders with or without
penalties;
civil referrals to state attorneys general or to
the Department of Justice;
other sanctions such as denying permission
for system expansion; and
filing criminal charges.
If a situation poses an imminent risk to public
health, EPA and the state will issue an emergency
order that requires the public water system to
take the steps necessary to protect public health
and return the system to compliance.
During 2003, EPA and its state partners initiated
enforcement actions in response to drinking
water violations at public water systems in their
jurisdictions. For new rules, EPA generally has
primary enforcement authority until the States
receive primacy for each new rule. EPA
implemented the drinking water program in
Wyoming, the District of Columbia, and in Indian
country, except for the Navajo Nation. The Agency
initiated enforcement responses in these areas
and occasionally in the states, often at a state's
invitation. Together, EPA and the states initiated
over 2,900 formal enforcement actions, each
action potentially addressing multiple violations.5
In 2003 the states issued a total of 2,055
formal enforcement actions, including 561
administrative orders without penalty, 994
administrative orders with penalty, 34 civil
referrals to the states' Attorneys General, 464
signed State Bilateral Compliance Agreements
(BCA), and two civil cases filed.
During the same period, EPA issued a total of
219 formal enforcement actions, including
212 Federal administrative orders, 4 Federal
Emergency Orders, 2 Federal No longer
subject to rule, and one signed Federal BCA.
These totals do not take into account informal
enforcement actions, compliance assistance
activities, or the public water systems that
returned to compliance before EPA and state
procedures would require initiation of a formal
response.
EPA designates a public water system a
significant noncomplier if the system has serious,
frequent or persistent violations that may pose a
threat to public health. States and EPA give
significant noncompliers priority attention in
their efforts to return violators to compliance and
address violations with enforcement actions. For
2002 EPA and the states focused more of their
attention on returning to compliance significant
noncompliers that were identified as such in
2002.
In calendar year 2003, EPA designated 16,731
public water systems significant non-
compliers, which was a slight increase over the
There are several reasons why there will be a difference between the number of violations In a year and the number of formal
enforcement responses. For example, a state may choose to address a system's violations Informally In a manner that returns
the system to compliance before the time Interval has elapsed that by EPA guidance would necessitate Initiation of a formal
enforcement response. Also, It Is not uncommon for the regulator to address all of a violating system's multiple violations In a
single enforcement response. In addition, formal enforcement responses addressing violations discovered late In one reporting
year are generally not Initiated until early In the following year.
September 2005
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2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report National Summary
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number of public water systems designated
as noncompliers in 2001 and 2002. Most of
these significant noncompliers in all these
years served 3,300 or fewer users.
In 2003 states and EPA addressed 6,346
significant noncompliers. Of the
noncompliers addressed, 3,474 (55%) were
new significant noncompliers identified in
2003. The other 2,872 were systems
addressed as significant noncompliers in
2002 and earlier.
The totals for significant noncompliers
addressed do not take into account public
water systems that are no longer significant
noncompliers because of informal
enforcement actions or compliance
assistance, or public water systems that
returned to compliance before EPA and state
procedures would require initiation of a
formal response.
HOW IS THE QUALITY OF THE
DATA EPA USES FOR THIS REPORT?
The data used in this report came from EPAs
national SDWIS/FED database. SDWIS/FED is
composed of data that primacy states are
required to submit to SDWIS/FED each quarter.
EPA uses information in SDWIS/FED to assess
progress in the implementation of regulations, to
develop national enforcement and compliance
priorities, and to provide information to the
public.
EPA periodically conducts data verifications
(independent, on-site audits) of primacy state
and tribal drinking water programs to ensure
that the primacy state is determining compliance
in accordance with Federal regulations. Data
verifications help detect differences between data
in a state's files (whether electronic or hard copy)
and data in SDWIS/FED.
As part of the ongoing data reliability efforts
described in past National Public Water Systems
Compliance Reports, EPA examined the results of
data verifications conducted from 1999 to 2001
and previously from 1996 through 1998. The
most recent (1999-2001) audits, which covered
31 states, analyzed data from 1,890 public water
systems. The data audits reviewed inventory
information (identifying systems, their number,
their size, and their type), apparent violations
that either were reported or should have been
reported, and any enforcement actions initiated.
EPAs review showed that the quality of the
information the states reported to SDWIS/FED is
improving, but the data are incomplete. This
finding principally reflects differences between
state and EPA regulatory interpretation rather
than a preponderance of data management
issues. Most of the SDWIS/FED data quality
problems EPA identified were instances where
violations that should have been recorded and
reported did not appear in SDWIS/FED. EPA
found that only a small percentage of this
incompleteness is because SDWIS/FED will
accept only properly transferred data. EPAs
analysis of the data verifications found:
95% of all inventory data in SDWIS/FED was
accurate and complete.
The overall quality of SDWIS/FED violations
data improved from the first assessment to
the second from 68% to 75% for the Total
Coliform Rule standard, but is low for other
health-based standards and for monitoring
and reporting.
Most of the discrepancies between apparent
and reported violations are because of
unrecorded and unreported violations. This
accounts for 62% of all discrepancies related
to maximum contaminant level/treatment
technique violations and 86% of all
discrepancies related to monitoring and
reporting violations.
Only 27% of apparent monitoring and
reporting violations had been reported to
SDWIS/FED.
65% of the apparent MCL/treatment
technique violations had been reported to
SDWIS/FED.
SDWIS/FED contained accurate and complete
information on 82% of the enforcement
actions found in the states' records.
WHAT IS EPA DOING TO
IMPROVE DATA QUALITY?
EPA continues to work with its state partners to
identify and resolve any problems that may have
produced data discrepancies in the past and to
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ensure that complete and accurate
documentation is available to help assess the
safety of the nations' drinking water.
While the drinking water violation data have
shown improvements from the 1996-1998
timeframe to the 1999-2001 timeframe, they
are incomplete and will be evaluated for the
2002-2004 timeframe.
EPA has set up a workgroup with the
Association of State Drinking Water
Administrators (ASDWA) to implement its
updated 2003 Data Reliability Analysis and
Action Plan (DRAAP). Implementation of the
plan will begin in 2005.
EPA has negotiated grant conditions with
several states based upon the 2003 DRAAR
Under these grant conditions, the states
would follow quality assurance/quality control
plans for drinking water violation data
reported to EPA and address the differences
in interpretation of the regulation.
EPA will be working with all states to
implement the EPA Order 5360.1 A2 dealing
with requirements for quality management
systems.
Changes to modernize SDWIS database
should reduce data quality problems in the
future from data entry to transmission.
SDWIS Modernization focused on changes to
make the quality checking function available
to states before they send data to EPA, to
provide a data entry format consistent with
contemporary commercial data transfer
formats, and to reduce the complexity of data
entry into SDWIS/FED by standardizing
processing.
The introduction to this report mentioned data
verification audits and triennial national
summary evaluations that will be discussed in
this section of the report. The results of EPAs
second triennial review of data quality in
SDWIS/FED, Drinking Water Data Reliability
Analysis and Action Plan (2003) (EPA 816-R-03-
021, March 2004), includes an evaluation of data
collected from 1999 through 2001. The first
triennial review, published in 2000, analyzed
drinking water data from 1996 through 1998 to
establish a data quality baseline. The second
review indicates that data in SDWIS/FED are
highly accurate, but still incomplete.
The first triennial review of data quality for the
period 1996 through 1998 resulted in a detailed
data analysis report in 2000 and also produced
an action plan for states and EPA to work
together to improve data quality. The plan
resulted in actions which included training state
personnel, streamlining reporting to SDWIS/FED,
making SDWIS error reporting and correction
more user-friendly, reducing rule complexity,
improving data verification audits (DVs),
following-up with Regions after DVs, and
encouraging states to notify water systems of
sampling schedules annually. Like the first
review, this second triennial review of data
quality is largely based on DVs. The DVs,
conducted between 1999 and 2001, reflect data
for 1,890 randomly selected PWSs in 31 states.
To support a comparative analysis, a similar set
of analyses and methods were used in the second
review as in the first, where possible.
The data quality of core inventory data was high
and essentially remained the same as that
determined for the first assessment (95% in the
first triennial review versus 96% in the second
triennial review). Data quality for enforcement
data improved from 72% to 80% and remained of
moderate quality. Notably, there were 80% fewer
enforcement actions from the first assessment.
Violations were grouped by maximum
contaminant level (MCL), treatment technique
(TT), and monitoring and reporting (M/R)
violations. MCL violations were further broken
down into Total Coliform Rule (TCR) MCL
violations and Chemical and Radionuclides MCL
violations (i.e., Other MCL).
Violations for the lead and copper rule were not
included in the analysis. While quality has
improved considerably in several areas, the
analysis of DV findings found that the violations
data reported by states to EPA were very accurate
but incomplete in several important aspects, as
described below.
The overall data quality for health-based
violations (i.e., MCL and SWTR TT) improved
from 40% in the first round to 65%. The
overall data quality for M/R violations
increased from 9% to 23%.
The Total Coliform Rule had the highest data
quality, improving from 68% in the first
assessment to 75% in the second. Data
quality is lower, but improving, for other
health-based standards including Chemicals
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and Radionuclides and the Surface Water
Treatment Rule. Data quality for M/R
violations has improved, but is still low.
Most violation errors are due to incorrect
compliance determinations by states, that is,
violations not correctly identified as such.
Compliance determination errors
accounted for slightly more than 50% of
all MCL errors, and more than 85% of
SWTR TT and M/R errors.
Half of the M/R errors were due to a
failure of the state to assign a violation
where sample data was missing from
state files.
Data flow errors (data in state databases
but not in SDWIS/FED) accounted for 9%
of all errors.
Over-reporting of violations found in
SDWIS/FED accounted for fewer than 2%
of all errors. This is comparable to
findings from the first assessment.
Data quality estimates are similar across
water system types.
More discussions of data quality concerns and
EPAs recommendations appear later in this
report.
HOW DOES EPA
EVALUATE STATE REPORTS?
EPA reviewed each 2003 annual state report to
determine if it met the requirements of the 1996
Amendments to SDWA. The contents of the state
reports are summarized in Table B-l in
Appendix B. Table B-l shows whether a state:
submitted a report to EPA;
included all required elements;
satisfied its statutory requirement to publish
and distribute summaries of the report that
inform the public of the availability of the full
report;
identified the size and type of violating
systems;
discussed the compliance assistance and
enforcement activities the state undertook in
response to violations;
included a list of PWSs with MCL or
treatment technique violations, as EPA
recommended in its guidance to states on
preparing their reports;
provided information to the public on
availability of the reports; and
included additional information of interest to
the public, such as the number of public
water systems in the state, their sizes and
types, and background on the Safe Drinking
Water Act and its implementation.
EPA provides a state-by-state summary of
information reported in each state report in
Appendix B. The standardized format includes
an overall summary of the violations data the
Safe Drinking Water Act requires states to report
(i.e., violations with respect to MCLs, treatment
technique violations, significant monitoring and
reporting violations, and variances and
exemptions). The summary for each state also
tells how to obtain a copy of the state's full
report. The annual summary is based on
violations reported in the calendar year of 2003.
In some instances, the data reported by a state in
July of 2004 may not agree with data currently in
SDWIS/FED. EPAs and the states' continual
efforts to ensure that the information in the
SDWIS/FED database is as accurate as possible
may have resulted in updates and corrections to
the data since the state published its report.
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Most Americans received water from systems
which reported no violations of health-based
standards, and for which the states reported no
significant violations of monitoring and reporting
requirements.
Comparison of 2002 and 2003 Data
There are some differences in the numbers of
violations reported in 2002 and 2003. The total
number of violations decreased by 9.4% from
2002. The number of significant violations of
monitoring and reporting requirements
decreased by 21,408 a notable 23.4% decrease
in violations between 2002 and 2003. In 2003,
America's public water systems detected and
reported 407 more violations of health-based
standards a 3% increase from 2002. The total
violations include health-based and significant
monitoring and reporting violations, along with
violations of the CCR.
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TCR Violations
In 2003, states reported the largest number of
violations for the Total Coliform Rule. The Total
Coliform Rule represented the group with the
largest significant violations for the monitoring
and reporting requirements. The 33,866
significant violations of monitoring and reporting
requirements of the Total Coliform Rule
represent 48% of all significant monitoring and
reporting violations reported by the states in
2003. The Total Coliform Rule also continues to
be the most violated health-based standard. The
9,881 violations of the health-based standards
for the Total Coliform Rule represent 68% of all
reported violations of health-based standards in
2003. For Total Coliform Rule Health-based
violations of the rule increased 2%, while
significant monitoring and reporting violations
decreased 4%. While the number of Total
Coliform Rule violations at all public water
systems decreased between 2002 and 2003, the
number of those violations at community water
systems increased by over 9%.
Trends Since 1999
The number of significant violations reported
since 1999 has been trending upward. Violations
decreased in the most recent year. During the
same period roughly 14% of the violations
reported are violations of health-based
standards, while the remaining approximately
87% of the violations are significant monitoring
and reporting violations. Likewise the number of
significant monitoring and reporting violations
has increased steadily since 1999. Violations of
the health-based standards fluctuated between
small increases (5%) to small decreases (2-3%)
during this period.
Implementation of Prior
Year Recommendations
EPA incorporated the following recommendations
for fiscal years 2000, 2001, and 2002:
States and EPA should continue working
together to address significant violations of
monitoring and reporting and notification
requirements.
States and EPA should continue working
together to address violations of MCL and
treatment technique requirements.
Recognizing the importance of consistent,
longterm efforts to protect the public from
microbial contaminants of drinking water, EPA
has made assuring compliance with the drinking
water microbial rules part of its core drinking
water enforcement and compliance program
beginning in fiscal year 2005.
EPA Regions are working with states to evaluate
how well public water systems, especially large
systems, comply with the microbial rules and
whether enforcement actions are being initiated
when appropriate. Regions and states are also
identifying and evaluating microbial risks to
watersheds in an attempt to focus enforcement
and compliance efforts on ensuring the safety of
drinking water sources. Considerable effort will
also be devoted to training and compliance
assistance. EPA will work to build the capacity of
small public water systems to maintain
compliance both with established rules and with
new microbial rules such as the Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule and the
Ground Water Rule. In Indian country, where
almost all public water systems are small, EPA
will focus resources on ensuring compliance with
the microbial rules and the standards for nitrates
in drinking water through implementation of its
new strategy for the FY05-07 Tribal National
Compliance and Enforcement Priority.
With respect to the rest of the drinking water
program, states and EPA are continuing their
efforts to implement the recommendations of the
national public water system reports:
EPA provides funding to support eight
technology assistance centers that help small
systems with training, technical assistance,
and technology demonstrations.
States and EPA help promote compliance
with existing drinking water requirements by
conducting numerous assistance activities,
such as on-site visits and the development
and distribution of easy-to-read guides and
checklists.
EPA funding established and maintains the
Local Government Environmental Assistance
Network (LGEAN), a source of free
information on current and developing SDWA
requirements (as well as technical assistance,
peer counseling, and financial guidance).
LGEAN can be accessed on the Internet at
www.lgean.org or by calling toll-free 1-877-
TO-LGEAN (865-4326).
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EPA is developing a list of approved
compliance technologies that will encourage
small systems to use the existing flexibility in
the regulations in selecting treatment for
drinking water while still providing adequate
public health protection.
The states and EPA are pursuing enforcement
actions against violating public water systems
both to discourage violations and to ensure
public health protection.
Since September 1998, the findings and
recommendations of the national public water
systems reports have been incorporated into
EPAs ongoing efforts to ensure the reliability of
data in SDWIS/FED. In its first national report,
EPA noted that compliance data in many
individual state reports differed from the data
reported to SDWIS/FED. In 1998, EPA, states,
and drinking water stakeholders agreed that our
data quality goal should be "100% complete,
accurate, and timely data submitted by public
water systems and primacy agencies, consistent
with SDWA reporting requirements." Further
analysis and discussions among the stakeholders
led to establishment of interim milestones for
how soon that goal will be achieved.
EPA, states, and the drinking water stakeholders
made significant progress on most of the data
recommendations of the earlier national reports
in some instances achieving full implementa-
tion. Among the major accomplishments, EPA
has:
improved the display of drinking water data
in Envirofacts;
characterized and quantified the data quality
problem;
taken interim steps to improve data quality,
including improvements to the data entry
tools states use to put information in
SDWIS/FED and provision of a mechanism
that enables water systems to confirm the
accuracy of data before it is accepted by
SDWIS/FED; and
made a long-term commitment to achieve and
maintain data quality goals.
2003 Report Recommendations
EPA, states, and drinking water stakeholders
should continue to work cooperatively to
improve the quality of compliance data. More
remains to be done to achieve the goal of 100%
accurate, complete, and timely information.
Some of the next steps EPA, states, and the
drinking water stakeholders have agreed to
undertake include:
streamlining data reporting and reducing rule
complexity;
conducting more training to ensure regulatory
staff can accurately determine compliance
with drinking water rules and data entry staff
can upload complete and accurate data to
SDWIS/FED;
making SDWIS/FED error reports more user
friendly and understandable to state drinking
water managers;
encouraging states to issue annual reminders
to water systems of their compliance
monitoring schedules;
providing states with individual, prioritized
recommendations for improving their data
quality;
performing more frequent data verification
audits;
calculating estimates for SDWIS/FED data
quality every three years, or more frequently
if data from a sufficient number of data
verifications are available;
working with the Association of State
Drinking Water Administrators (ASDWA) to
implement its updated 2003 Data Reliability
Analysis and Action Plan (DRAAP);
implementation of the plan will begin in
2005;
negotiating grant conditions with several
states to encourage them to follow quality
assurance/quality control plans for drinking
water violation data reported to EPA and
address the differences in interpretation of
the regulation; and
working with all states to implement the EPA
Order 5360.1 A2 dealing with requirements
for quality management systems.
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National Summary of Compliance for Public
Water Systems in Indian Country in 2003
INTRODUCTION
This section of the 2003 National Public Water
Systems Compliance Report describes how the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and
federally-recognized Indian tribes (tribes) are
meeting the goal of ensuring that public water
systems in Indian country provide safe drinking
water.
PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS IN
INDIAN COUNTRY
Tribes may apply for eligibility to receive primary
enforcement authority (known as primacy) to
administer the drinking water program provided
they meet the requirements of Sections 1413 and
1451 of the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). As
of 2003, only the Navajo Nation has received
primacy for most public water systems on the
Navajo Reservation. For the purposes of this
report, EPA, therefore, administers the drinking
water program in the rest of Indian country.
A glossary of terms used in this report appears
in Appendix A. A map of the areas covered by
this section appears in Appendix C.
PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS IN
ALASKA AND OKLAHOMA
Compliance figures for Alaska Native Villages
outside of Indian country are not included in this
section of the report. Similarly, compliance
figures for 18 public water systems in Indian
country located in Oklahoma are not included in
this section of the report. In both cases, this
information is found in the state reports for
Alaska and Oklahoma, respectively. The state
reports do not, however, contain separate
information on these public water systems.
DATA QUALITY
This report uses information from the Safe
Drinking Water Information System/Federal
Version (SDWIS/FED). SDWIS/FED is the national
database where EPA records information on
public water systems in Indian country. Public
water systems in Indian country are required to
report laboratory data to EPA. EPA uses the
information to determine compliance with the
national primary drinking water regulations of
SDWA.
This report also discusses the limitations in the
data EPA uses to measure its success and the
steps it is taking to increase data reliability and
completeness. The report also discusses EPAs
compliance assistance, enforcement, and
financial assistance programs. EPA plans to
continue its data quality efforts during 2004 to
ensure that SDWIS/FED contains complete and
accurate information. A complete discussion of
data quality is in the National Summary of Public
Water Systems Compliance in 2003 under the
section entitled Data Quality.
FINDINGS
In 2003, 814 public water systems in Indian
country served 622,928 users.
599 community water systems served
505,749 people in their primary residences.
108 non-transient non-community systems
(schools and factories) served 92,116 people
in places they frequented.
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107 transient non-community systems
(campgrounds and highway rest stops) served
25,063 people who passed through.
Percentage of Systems by Type
Systems with Reported Significant Violations
D Transient Non-Community
Community
D Non-Transient Non-Community
Almost all public water systems in Indian
country were small. These small systems
provide drinking water to the majority of the
public who drank water in Indian country.
95% of public water systems in Indian
country serve 3,300 or fewer people. These
775 small systems served 58% of the people
who received water from public water
systems in Indian country. Conversely, the
other 39 public water systems in Indian
country serve 42% of the people who received
water from public water systems in Indian
country.
As reported to SDWIS/FED, most public water
systems in Indian country had violations.
314 of 814 water systems (39%) had no
reported health-based or significant reporting
violations.
Violations of Some Kind
D No Reported Violations
89% of public water systems in Indian country
reported no violations of a health-based
drinking water standard in 2003.
149 health-based violations in Indian country,
including multiple violations by some
systems, were reported to SDWIS/FED in
2003. The Maximum Contaminant Level
(MCL) for the Total Coliform Rule (93%) was
the health-based standard most frequently
violated.
Percentage of Health-Based Violations by Rule
100% 93%
Chem TCR LCR SWTR/IESWTR
Percentage of Health-Based Violations
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The vast majority of violations reported to
SDWIS/FED in 2003 were for a public water
system's significant failure to monitor and
report, rather than health-based MCL or a
treatment technique violations detected and
reported by a system.
Of the 1,616 violations reported to
SDWIS/FED in 2003, 945 (59%) were
significant violations of monitoring and
reporting requirements. If a system did not
monitor the quality of its water, it is
impossible to know if it has violated health-
based requirements. For this reason, a
system's significant failure to monitor and
report is a major violation that must be
addressed and corrected.
Public water systems in Indian country
represent 0.5% of all public water systems in
the United States and were responsible for
1.3% of all monitoring and reporting
violations at public water systems reported to
SDWIS/FED in 2003.
Type of Violations
D Health-based
Monitoring and Reporting
n CCR
As reported to SDWIS/FED, 58% of community
water systems in Indian country complied with
the Consumer Confidence Report Rule.
The Consumer Confidence Report Rule
requires all community water systems to
provide an annual report to customers
identifying the contaminants detected in their
water and the health risks associated with
those contaminants.
In calendar year 2003, 251 community water
systems in Indian country were found to have
a "significant" violation of the Consumer
Confidence Report Rule, meaning that the
community water system completely failed to
provide the required report.
COMPLIANCE ASSISTANCE
AND ENFORCEMENT
EPA uses multiple approaches to ensure public
water systems in Indian country comply with
SDWA regulations.
EPAs tribal compliance assistance program is
designed to help maintain compliance with SDWA
by building cooperative working relationships
with utility managers, operators, other tribal
environmental staff, and tribal elected officials.
The program emphasizes information exchanges,
operation assistance, and water quality
monitoring.
Beginning in federal fiscal year 2005, EPAs Office
of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance plans
to focus increased attention on environmental
issues in Indian country through implementation
of its new Tribal National Compliance Priority.
One of the goals is to improve compliance with
drinking water standards by the end of fiscal
year 2007. Between fiscal year 2005 and fiscal
year 2008, EPA will work to improve the quality
of public water system data, provide additional
compliance assistance, and reduce the number of
systems that are out of compliance with key
microbial rules.
EPA gives information and assistance directly to
tribal public water system operators, utility
managers, and owners through training sessions,
newsletters, telephone support, and system visits.
On-site technical assistance is provided by
engineers and qualified staff who work with
tribes to assess current compliance status,
develop monitoring schedules and compliance
plans, and conduct sanitary surveys. EPA
coordinates many of these activities with other
federal agencies, including the Indian Health
Service and the Bureau of Reclamation.
Coordination also occurs with non-governmental
organizations and inter-tribal consortia, including
the Native American Water Association, the Rural
Water Association, and the Rural Community
Assistance Corporation.
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Section on Indian Country
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EPA is also responsible for initiating enforcement
actions against owners or operators of public
water systems in Indian country if a system is not
in compliance with SDWA. In most cases, EPA
relies on compliance assistance and informal
enforcement actions to facilitate a tribally-owned
or -managed public water system's return to
compliance. When a formal enforcement action is
appropriate, EPA can initiate administrative
orders, including emergency administrative
orders, and refer civil and criminal cases to the
Department of Justice. The "EPA Policy for the
Administration of Environmental Programs on
Indian Reservations'" (EPA Indian Policy, 11/8/84)
and the "Guidance on the Enforcement Principles
Outlined in the 1984 Indian Policy" (EPA Tribal
Enforcement Principles) guide the Agency's
approach to bringing civil administrative or
judicial enforcement actions against systems in
Indian country.
Public water systems are required to monitor for
89 different contaminants and conduct analyses
using a variety of EPA-approved analytical
methods. Where a system fails to perform
monitoring for some or all of the required
contaminants, a separate monitoring and
reporting violation is recorded for each missed
contaminant. Each of these violations is
enforceable.
FINANCIAL
EPA provides financial assistance to public water
systems in Indian country to help build tribal
capacity to operate and maintain systems in
compliance with SDWA. Capacity building is a
long-term solution which focuses on giving tribes
grants, training, and technical assistance as they
develop their environmental programs. EPAs
Indian General Assistance Program builds tribal
capacity by providing grants to plan, develop, and
establish environmental protection programs,
including drinking water programs.
EPA also distributes funds for specific drinking
water program priorities. EPA set-aside
$5,953,200 in FY2003 for activities to support
Tribal Public Water System Supervision (PWSS)
Programs. This financial support allows EPA to
operate PWSS programs in Indian Country and
to provide grants to tribes and tribal
organizations to address various aspects of the
drinking water program such as:
capacity development projects;
* source water and wellhead protection
projects;
development of a voluntary operator
certification program for tribes; and
provision of operator training and
certification to tribal operators.
In the 1996 Amendments to SDWA, an
infrastructure funding program was established
to improve water supplies. Each year, 1.5% of the
appropriation for the national Drinking Water
State Revolving Fund program is set aside for
American Indian communities and Alaska Native
Villages. The initial set-aside from the 1997
appropriation amounted to $19.25 million.
Subsequent set-asides have been: $10.87 million
in fiscal year 1998; $11.625 million in fiscal year
1999; $12.3 million in fiscal year 2000; $12.347
million in fiscal year 2001; $12.75 million in
fiscal year 2002; and $12.667 million in fiscal
year 2003. These funds are used to improve the
infrastructure of water systems serving Tribal
populations to achieve compliance with drinking
water standards. This includes projects such as:
distribution system improvements;
community water system extensions;
replacement of water mains;
adding new wells;
* treatment improvements;
construction of new pumphouses; and
« consolidation of PWS.
Finally, technical assistance and training for
small tribally-owned or -operated public water
systems are also provided. Through the
cooperative agreements, small tribal public water
systems receive information on training and
technical assistance, wellhead and ground water
protection, and source water protection.
AND
In 2003, EPA Regions reported that 39% of the
public water systems in Indian country did not
report a violation of a health-based standard, a
significant monitoring and reporting violation, or
a significant consumer notification violation. This
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2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Section on Indian Country
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represents an overall decrease from 2002 when
77% of facilities did not report a violation of a
health-based standard, a significant monitoring
and reporting violation, or a significant consumer
notification violation.
During 2003, there was a noticeable increase in
the total number of significant violations of
monitoring and reporting requirements in Indian
country (from 799 in 2002 to 945 in 2003).
EPA continues to implement two primary
recommendations from previous reports: (1)
improve collection and maintenance of
compliance data for public water systems in
Indian country; and (2) place a priority on
decreasing the number of monitoring and
reporting violations to gain a full understanding
of whether health-based violations exist. EPA will
accomplish these recommendations by:
« improving the inventory of public water
systems in Indian country;
improving the collection and entry into
SDWIS/FED of compliance and enforcement;
continuing to work with tribal governments,
utility managers, and water system operators
to improve compliance with monitoring and
reporting requirements arid with health-based
standards, particularly the Total Coliform
Rule and Surface Water Treatment Rule;
« increasing EPA's field presence, conducting
more frequent sanitary surveys, and engaging
in targeted technical and compliance
assistance and enforcement; and
continuing to support and encourage capital
improvements for public water systems to
improve the infrastructure (and therefore
compliance with SDWA requirements) of
public water systems in Indian country,
including grants provided under the Drinking
Water Tribal Infrastructure Grant Tribal Set-
Aside Program.
Ultimately, EPA continues to respond to
compliance and enforcement issues at public
water systems owned, operated, or managed by
tribal governments in a manner consistent with
SDWA, the EPA Indian Policy, and the EPA Tribal
Enforcement Principles. Where compliance
assistance is ineffective or where, among other
things, there is a significant threat to human
health or the environment, EPA takes appropriate
steps to return systems to compliance, including
formal enforcement actions.
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Section on Indian Country
September 2005
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Appendix A
Glossary of Terms
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Administrative Order
Formal enforcement actions issued by EPA or a
State to address noncompliance at a public water
system, usually by means of a compliance
schedule with enforceable milestone dates.
Chemical Rules
Refers collectively to regulations that protect the
public from unsafe levels of organic chemicals,
inorganic chemicals (including lead and copper),
and radioactivity in drinking water.
Community Water System
A public water system that serves at least 15
service connections used by year-round residents
or regularly serves at least 25 year-round
residents (e.g., homes, apartments and
condominiums that are occupied year-round as
primary residences).
Consumer Confidence Rule (CCR)
Requires community water systems to prepare
and provide to their customers annual consumer
confidence reports on the quality of the water
delivered by the systems.
Disinfection/Disinfectant
By Product Rule (DBPR)
Applies to community water systems and non-
transient non-community systems, including
those serving fewer than 10,000 people, that add
a disinfectant to the drinking water during any
part of the treatment process. The Stage 1 DBPR
specifically addresses risks associated with
disinfectants and disinfectant byproducts. This
rule was published concurrently with the Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule
(IESWTR), which addresses control of microbial
pathogens.
Federally-recognized Indian Tribe
An Indian tribe, band, nation, pueblo,
community, or Alaska Native Village that the
Secretary of the Interior acknowledges to exist as
an Indian tribe pursuant to the Federally
Recognized Indian Tribe List Act of 1994, 25
U.S.C. Section 479a. Maintained by the
Department of the Interior, the list of federally-
recognized tribes is updated periodically and
published in the Federal Register. The latest list
of federally-recognized Indian tribes is available
at 65 Federal Register 12398 (March 13, 2000).
Filter Backwash Recycle Rule (FBRR)
Requires public water systems (PWSs) to review
their backwash water recycling practices to
ensure that they do not compromise microbial
control. Under the FBRR, recycled filter
backwash water, sludge thickener supernatant,
and liquids from dewatering processes must be
returned to a location such that all processes of a
system's conventional or direct filtration
including coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation
(conventional filtration only) and filtration, are
employed. Systems may apply to the State for
approval to recycle at an alternate location. The
Filter Backwash Rule applies to all public water
systems, regardless of size.
Health-based Violation
A violation of either a Maximum Contaminant
Level or a Treatment Technique requirement.
Inorganic Chemicals
These non-carbon based compounds (such as
metals, nitrates, and asbestos) can either occur
naturally in some sources of drinking water or be
introduced by human activity. EPA has
established MCLs for 15 inorganic contaminants.
Violations of standards for lead and copper are
addressed separately.
Interim Enhanced Surface
Water Treatment Rule (IESWTR)
Applies to systems using surface water, or ground
water under the direct influence of surface water,
that serve 10,000 or more persons. The rule also
includes provisions for states to conduct sanitary
surveys for surface water systems regardless of
system size.
Large System
A public water system that serves more than
10,000 people.
Lead and Copper Rule (LCR)
Requires a public water system to take steps to
minimize the risk of exposure to lead and copper
in drinking water by monitoring for these
contaminants, installing corrosion control where
required, and, where necessary, educating the
public about ways to reduce exposure. A system
may also be required to treat its source water or
replace lead service lines.
Maximum Contaminant Level
The maximum permissible level of a contaminant
in water delivered to any user of a public water
system.
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix A
Page A-l
September 2005
-------
Maximum Disinfectant
Residual Level (MDRL)
a level of a disinfectant added for water
treatment that may not be exceeded at the
consumer's tap without an unacceptable
possibility of adverse health effect.
Monitoring and Reporting Violation
Refers to either a violation of a monitoring and
reporting schedule or violation of contaminant-
specific minimum testing schedules and
operational reporting requirements. Those
monitoring and reporting violations considered
"significant" for the purposes of the state and
national public water system compliance reports
are described below in Table A-l.
Nitrate and Nitrite
Inorganic compounds that can enter water
supplies, primarily from fertilizer runoff,
livestock farms, and sanitary wastewater
discharges.
Non-transient Non-community Water System
A non-community public water system that
regularly serves at least 25 of the same persons
over six months per year. A typical example of a
non-transient non-community water system is a
school or an office building that has its own
water source, such as a drinking water well.
Organic Chemicals
These carbon-based compounds, such as
solvents and pesticides, can enter drinking water
through a variety of means, including factory
discharges or runoff from crop lands. EPA has
established MCLs for 56 organic contaminants.
Primacy
The Safe Drinking Water Act requires EPA,
States, and Tribes to work as partners to ensure
delivery of safe drinking water to the public. Any
State or Indian Tribe can request responsibility
for operation and oversight of the drinking water
program within its borders. In order to receive
this responsibility (called "primary enforcement
authority" or "primacy"), a State or Tribe must
show, among other things, that it has adopted
drinking water regulations that are at least as
stringent as Federal regulations, and demonstrate
its capacity both to enforce those regulations and
to implement other activities necessary to ensure
compliance.
In the absence of State or Tribal primacy, EPA
assumes responsibility for administering the
drinking water program for that area. Of the 56
eligible States (defined to include
Commonwealths, Territories, and the District of
Columbia), all but Wyoming and the District of
Columbia have primacy. During calendar year
2001, the EPA Regional Offices administered the
drinking water program within these two
jurisdictions and on all Tribal lands, except for
the Navajo Nation.
Primary Drinking Water Regulations
These are regulations that apply to public water
systems; specify contaminants which, in the
judgment of the Administrator, may have an
adverse effect on the health of persons; and
specify for each such contaminant either a
maximum contaminant level or a treatment
technique.
Public Water System (PWS)
A system for the provision to the public of water
for human consumption through pipes or other
constructed conveyances, if such system has at
least 15 service connections or regularly serves at
least 25 individuals at least 60 days out of the
year. A public water system can be either a
community water system, a non-transient non-
community water system, or a transient non-
community water system.
Radionuclides
Radioactive particles, such as radium-226,
radium-228, gross alpha, and beta
particle/photon radioactivity, can occur naturally
in water or may result from human activity. EPA
has established MCLs for beta/photon emitters,
alpha emitters, and combined radium 226/228.
Regional Offices
Responsible for implementing Environmental
Protection Agency programs within their
respective jurisdictions. Regional Offices
cooperate with Federal, State, interstate, and
local agencies, as well as with industry, academic
institutions, and other private groups to ensure
that Regional needs are addressed and that
Federal environmental laws are upheld.
Small Systems
Public water systems that serve no more than
3,300 people.
September 2005
Page A-2
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix A
-------
Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR)
The Surface Water Treatment Rule requires a
public water system served by surface water or
by ground water under the influence of surface
water to take steps (such as disinfection,
filtration followed by disinfection, or watershed
control) to reduce potential exposure to
microbiological contamination.
Total Coliform Rule (TCR)
Establishes limits on coliform bacteria in water
distribution systems. Although coliform bacteria,
which are found in decaying organic material and
in the intestinal tract of humans and animals, are
usually not harmful to human health, their
presence may indicate the presence of other,
more dangerous microbial contamination.
SDWIS/FED
EPAs database for collecting safe drinking water
monitoring results from oversight agencies.
SDWIS stands for Safe Drinking Water
Information System. Public Water Systems are
required to report all monitoring results to the
primary enforcement authority. States with
primacy, or EPA where it administers the
program, analyze the monitoring results,
determine compliance, and report violations to
EPA on a quarterly basis. EPA maintains records
of these violations in SDWIS/FED. SDWIS/FED
records only violations, not results that
demonstrate compliance with drinking water
standards.
Total Trihalomethanes
These chemicals can be by-products of chemical
processes used to disinfect drinking water.
Transient Non-community Water System
A non-community water system that regularly
serves at least 25 people (but not the same 25)
over six months per year. A typical example is a
campground or a highway rest stop that has its
own water source, such as a drinking water well.
Treatment Technique
In cases where EPA has determined it is not
technically or economically feasible to establish
an MCL, the Agency can instead specify a
treatment technique. These are treatment
methods required by EPA to minimize the level of
a contaminant in drinking water.
Variances and Exemptions
A public water system that cannot comply with a
drinking water standard because of poor source
water quality, or, in the case of small systems,
inadequate financial resources, can be granted a
variance to comply with less stringent, but still
protective standards based on a specific EPA-
approved technology available to the system. An
exemption allows a PWS with compelling
circumstances (including economic
considerations) additional time to achieve
compliance with applicable SDWA requirements,
so long as public health is adequately protected.
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix A
Page A-3
September 2005
-------
TABLE A-l: SIGNIFICANT MONITORING VIOLATIONS FOR
ANNUAL STATE PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM REPORTS
Rule
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water
Treatment Rule
Lead and
Copper Rule
c Phase 1, II, MB,
and V Rules
h
Total
e Trihalomethanes
m Radionuclides
Violation Type
Major routine
Major repeat
Major (filtered)
Major (unfiltered)
Initial lead and
copper tap
Follow-up or
routine lead
and copper tap
Regular
monitoring
Regular
monitoring
Regular
monitoring
Description
No samples collected during a
compliance period
No follow-up samples
collected after a positive total
coliform sample or no
speciation
Collected less than 90% of
samples required during a
compliance period
Collected less than 90% of
samples required during a
compliance period
Either failed to collect the
initial tap samples, and then
failed to correct that omission
within a) 3 months for large
systems, b) 6 months for
medium systems, or c) 12
months for small systems; or
failed to submit the associated
report
Failed to collect 1 or more
required samples
Failed to collect any required
samples2
Failed to collect any required
samples
Failed to collect any required
samples
SDWIS
Violation Code1
23
25
36
31
51
52
03
03
03
SDWIS
Contaminant Code
3100
3100
None
None
By contaminant
2950
4000, 4100,
4010
1 EPA's Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS/FED) makes no distinction between the sampling violations and the reportirg
violations associated with a sample collection requirement. Both violations are reported under the same violation code.
2 Failure to collect "any required samples" means none of the required samples were collected.
September 2005
Page A-4
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix A
-------
TABLE A-2: SUMMARY OF DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS FOR
PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS DURING 2003
Applicability of Regulations
Contaminant/Rule
Organic Contaminants
Total Trihalomethanes
Contaminants
(TTHM)
Inorganic Contaminants
Nitrate and Nitrite
Contaminants
Radionuclides
Contaminants
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Lead and Copper Rule
Interim Enhanced Surface
Water Treatment Rule
Stage 1
Disinfectant/Disinfection
By-Product Rule
Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Public Notification
Consumer
Confidence Rule
Community
Water Systems
All
Only systems serving more
than 10,000
All
All
All
All
Some
Only PWS using surface
water or ground water under
the direct influence of
surface water (GWUDI)
All
For sanitary surveys all
PWS using surface water
or GWUDI; for other
requirements those
systems serving 10,000
or more
PWS using surface water
or GWUDI and serving
10,000 or more people
Conventional or direct
filtration PWS using
surface water or GWUDI
and recycle spent filter
backwash, thickener
supernatant, or liquids
from dewatering
processes
All
All
Non-transient Non-
Community Water Systems
Only treatment techniques
for acrylamide and
epichlorohydrin
Surface water systems
serving more than 10,000
All except arsenic
and fluoride
All
None
All
Some
Only PWS using surface
water or GWUDI
None
For sanitary surveys all
PWS using surface water
or GWUDI; for other
requirements those
systems serving 10,000
or more
PWS using surface water
or GWUDI and serving
10,000 or more people
Conventional or direct
filtration PWS using
surface water or GWUDI
and recycle spent filter
backwash, thickener
supernatant, or liquids
from dewatering
processes
All
None
Transient Non-Community
Water Systems
All
None
None
All
None
All
Some
Only PWS using surface
water or GWUDI
All
For sanitary surveys all
PWS using surface water
or GWUDI; for other
requirements those
systems serving 10,000
or more
PWS using chlorine
dioxide and serving
10,000 or more people
Conventional or direct
filtration PWS using
surface water or GWUDI
and recycle spent filter
backwash, thickener
supernatant, or liquids
from dewatering
processes
All
None
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix A
Page A-5
September 2005
-------
-------
Appendix B
Summaries of State Annual
Compliance Reports
-------
-------
CONTENTS
Alabama B-7
Alaska B-8
American Samoa B-9
Arizona B-10
Arkansas B-l1
California B-12
Colorado B-13
Connecticut B-14
Delaware B-15
District of Columbia B-16
Florida B-17
Georgia B-18
Guam B-19
Hawaii B-20
Idaho B-21
Illinois B-22
Indiana B-23
Iowa B-24
Kansas B-25
Kentucky B-26
Louisiana B-27
Maine B-28
Maryland B-29
Massachusetts B-30
Michigan B-31
Minnesota B-32
Mississippi B-33
Missouri . . B-34
Montana B-35
Nebraska B-36
Nevada B-37
New Hampshire B-38
New Jersey B-39
New Mexico B-40
New York B-41
North Carolina B-42
North Dakota B-43
Northern Mariana Islands B-44
Ohio B-45
Oklahoma B-46
Oregon B-47
Pennsylvania B-48
Puerto Rico B-49
Rhode Island B-50
South Carolina B-51
South Dakota B-52
Tennessee B-53
Texas B-54
Utah B-55
Vermont B-56
Virgin Islands B-57
Virginia B-58
Washington B-59
West Virginia B-60
Wisconsin B-61
Wyoming B-62
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-l
September 2005
-------
-------
This Appendix presents a summary of each state
report in a standardized format. The format
includes an overall summary of the violations
data specified in Section 1414 of the 1996 Safe
Drinking Water Act (SDWA) Amendments (i.e.,
violations with respect to maximum contaminant
levels (MCLs), treatment technique violations,
significant monitoring and reporting require-
ments, significant notification violations, and
variances and exemptions).
This Appendix summarizes the data reported by the
States, but does not interpret it. Therefore, other
factors must be taken into account before drawing
conclusions about a State program. For example,
public water systems are required to report all
violations to the State, but State drinking water
programs vary in the regulations they choose to
emphasize. A State that decided to focus attention
and resources on one particular rule may have
discovered and reported many more violations of
that rule than a State that chose to focus on a
different rule. A disproportionate number of
violations in a State could also indicate that the
State needs to work with its public water systems to
improve their compliance. Readers are cautioned to
view the violations data provided in the State
summaries within the context of each State and its
individual drinking water program.
Violations for 2003
In 2003, EPA received State Public Water System
Compliance Reports from 49 of the 57 primacy
states, Commonwealths, Territories, and tribes.
As in past years, American Samoa, Guam, and
the Northern Mariana Islands did not submit
reports, and, with limited exceptions, did not
supply information to SDWIS/FED. EPA did not
receive a report from Kentucky, Louisiana,
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and the Navajo
Nation. Appendix B supplies what information is
available in SDWIS/FED to indicate violations at
public water systems in the Pacific territories.
Because the District of Columbia, Wyoming, and
most Indian Tribes did not have primary
enforcement responsibility for drinking water in
calendar year 2003, EPA prepared reports for
those jurisdictions.
EPA summarizes the number of MCL/MDRL,
treatment technique, and significant monitoring
and reporting violations1 reported by each state
in six categories:
Violations of chemical contaminant
requirements2
Violations of the Total Coliform Rule
Violations of the Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Long Term Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Violations of the Lead and Copper Rule
Significant Notification or Consumer
Confidence Rule Violation
Violations of the Disinfection/Disinfectant
Byproducts Rule
EPA summarizes the numbers of individual
public water systems in violation in each of these
five categories, as reported by the state. If a
state's report did not include information in a
category, EPAs summary notes the omission.
2003 Totals
EPA also summarizes the total number of systems
in each state, the total number of significant
violations reported, the total number of PWSs in
violation and significant violations, if the state
reported this information. When states did not
provide information on the total number of public
water systems, EPA supplied that information
from the SDWIS/FED.
Systems in Violation
Systems in Violation is defined as the number of
different systems with a reported violation of this
type. Some states counted a system with multiple
violations or violations in more than one category
as one violating system. Other states counted a
violating system each time it had a violation, or
1 A comprehensive definition of significant monitoring and reporting violations including exceptions to the definition for the Total
Coliform Rule and Lead and Copper Rule appears in Appendix A.
2 MCL and significant monitoring violations for organic, inorganic, total trihalomethane (TTHM), nitrate and nitrite, and
radionuclide contaminants.
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-3
September 2005
-------
once for each of the regulatory categories in Where to Obtain the 2003
which it had a violation, if EPAS review of a Annual Public Water Systems Report
state's report indicated some violating systems
were counted more than once, an asterisk notes If a state's report includes information on how to
that the state's number possibly overcounts obtain a copy of the report, that information is
violating systems. provided on the state summary page in this
Appendix.
Variances and Exemptions
There was one reported violation of a variance
and exemption (in New York) in 2003.
September 2005 Page B-4 2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
-------
Table B-l: Summary of Elements Reported by States
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Guam
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Submitted
Report
X
X
Reported on Violation
Categories
CCR
X
MCL
X
X
M/R
X
X
TT
X
X
Reported
on V/E
X
X
Provided
Inventory
Information
X
X
Identified
Size and Type
of Violating
Systems
Discussed
Compliance and
Enforcement
Responses
X
X
Identified Each
System with
MCL and TT
Violations
X
X
Provided
Information
to Public on
Availability
X
X
Provided
Additional
Information1
X
X
Did not submit report.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Did not submit report.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Did not submit report.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Did not submit report.
Did not submit report.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Did not submit report.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
1. An "x" in this column indicates the state submitted more information in its report than the minimum EPA recommends in guidance.
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-5
September 2005
-------
Table B-l: Summary of Elements Reported by States (continued)
State
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Northern Mariana Islands
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Submitted
Report
X
X
Reported on Violation
Categories
CCR
X
MCL
X
M/R
X
TT
X
Reported
on V/E
X
Provided
Inventory
Information
X
Identified
Size and Type
of Violating
Systems
X
Discussed
Compliance and
Enforcement
Responses
X
Identified Each
System with
MCL and TT
Violations
X
X
Provided
Information
to Public on
Availability
X
Provided
Additional
Information1
X
Did not submit report.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Did not submit report.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
1. An "x" in this column indicates the state submitted more information in its report than the minimum EPA recommends in guidance.
September 2005 Page B-6
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
-------
Violations for 2003
State of Alabama 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
722
NR
206
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Alabama's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
ADEM
Drinking Water Branch
R 0. Box 301463
Montgomery, AL 36130-1463
Web Site: http://www.adem.state.al.us/viorep2000.html
E-mail: tsd@adem.state.al.us
Alabama's State Report can also be reviewed at the ADEM field offices in Birmingham, Decatur, and Mobile.
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-7
September 2005
-------
State of Alaska 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Total Coliform Rule
Chemical Contaminant Group
MCL7MDRL
Violations
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Systems in
Violation
Treatment Technique
Systems in
Violations Violation
Significant Monitoring
Violations
Systems in
Violation
NR
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,614
686
4,393
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Alaska's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
ADEC
DW/WW Program
555 Cordova Street
Anchorage, AK 99501
Web Site: http://www.state.ak.us/dec/deh/water/violations.htm
Telephone: (907) 269-7647
September 2005
Page B-8
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
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American Samoa 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
22
NR
44
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
American Samoa did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-9
September 2005
-------
Violations for 2003
State of Arizona 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations Category
Total Coliform Rule
Chemical Contaminant Group
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,602
422
1,011
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
The state report did not provide information regarding public availability.
September 2005
Page B-10
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
-------
State of Arkansas 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,139
234
521
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Arkansas' State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Arkansas Department of Health
Shared Services
4815 West Markham Street
Litttle Rock, AR 72205-2032
Web Site: http://www.healthyarkansas.com/eng/viol.htm
Attention: David Quattlebaum, Compliance/Enforcement Officer
Telephone: (501) 661-2623
Fax: (501) 661-2032
E-mail: dquattlebaum@healthyarkansas.com
Arkansas' State Report is also available at all local health units in Arkansas.
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-l1
September 2005
-------
State of California 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Total Coliform Rule
Chemical Contaminant Group
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
* Possible overcounting of violating systems.
** The state report gives different counts in the text and in the accompanying tables. Counts from the text of the report are shown here.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
7,575t
NR
2,309
t State did not submit the information, so the information was generated from SDWIS/FED.
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
California's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Department of Health Services
Web Site: http://www.dhs.ca.gov/ps/ddwem/publications/pubindex.htm
Telephone: (916) 449-5577
September 2005
Page B-12
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
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Violations for 2003
State of Colorado 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,083
NR
968
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Colorado's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment
Water Quality Control Division
Attention: Annual Compliance Report
CADM-B2
4300 Cherry Creek Drive South
Denver, CO 80246
Web Site: http://www.cdphe.state.co.us/wq/Drinking_Water/Drinking_Water_Program_Home.htm
Lori Gerzina
WQCD Compliance Assurance & Data Management Unit
Telephone: (303) 692-3587
E-mail: lori.gerzina@state.co.us
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-13
September 2005
-------
State of Connecticut 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,969
NR**
7,222
** The state reported total number of systems with MCL and Treatment Technique violations (326) and total number of systems with Significant
Monitoring and Reporting violations (946) separately.
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Connecticut's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Drinking Water Division Offices
Department of Public Health
450 Capitol Avenue
Hartford, CT 06106-1365
Web Site: http://www.dph.state.ct.us/BRS/Water/Utility/Reports.htm
Telephone: (860) 509-7333
September 2005
Page B-14
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
-------
State of Delaware 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
519
86
59
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Delaware's State Report is available by contacting:
Office of Drinking Water
Division of Public Health
Blue Hen Corporate Center
655 Bay Road, Suite 203
Dover, DE 19903
Telephone: (302) 739-5410
Fax: (302) 739-8388
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-15
September 2005
-------
Violations for 2003
District of Columbia 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2
0
0
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
District of Columbia did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
September 2005
Page B-16
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
-------
Violations for 2003
State of Florida 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
* Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
6,500
NR
1,365
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Florida's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site:
Web Site: http://www.dep.state.fl.us/water/drinkingwater
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-17
September 2005
-------
State of Georgia 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Total Coliform Rule
Chemical Contaminant Group
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
* Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,483t
NR
1,775
t State did not submit the information, so the information was generated from SDWIS/FED.
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Georgia's State Report is available by accessing the state's website or by contacting:
Department of Natural Resources
Environmental Protection Division
Drinking Water Compliance and Enforcement Program
2 Martin Luther King, Jr. Drive, Suite 1362 East
Atlanta, GA 30334
Web Site: http://www.gadnr.org
Attention: Doug Davenport
Telephone: (404) 651-5162
September 2005
Page B-18
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
-------
Guam 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
12
NR
2
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Guam did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-19
September 2005
-------
Violations for 2003
State of Hawaii 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
131
3
25
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Hawaii's State Report is available by contacting:
Hawaii Department of Health
Safe Drinking Water Branch
Environmental Management Division
919 Ala Moana Boulevard, Room 308
Honolulu, HI 96814-4920
Attention: William Wong, RE., Chief
Telephone: (808) 586-4258
Fax: (808) 586-4351
E-mail: bwong@eha.health.state.hi.us
September 2005
Page B-20
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
-------
State of Idaho 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Total Coliform Rule
Chemical Contaminant Group
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,052
575
853
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Idaho's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Idaho Department of Environmental Quality's six regional offices or the state's seven district health departments.
Web Site: http://www.deq.state.id.us/water/data_reports/drinking_water/reports.cfm
DEQ Regional Offices and District Health Departments
North Idaho
Coeur d'Alene Regional Office
2110 Ironwood Parkway
Coeur d'Alene, ID 83814
(208) 769-1422
North Central Idaho
Lewiston Regional Office
1118 F Street
Lewiston, ID 83501
(208) 799-4370
South Central Idaho
Twin Falls Regional Office
601 Pole Line Road, Suite 2
Twin Falls, ID 83301
(208)736-2190
Southeast Idaho
Pocatello Regional Office
444 Hospital Way, #300
Pocatello, ID 83201
(208) 236-6160
Southwest Idaho
Boise Regional Office
1445 North Orchard
Boise, ID 83706-2239
(208) 373-0550
Eastern Idaho
Idaho Falls Regional Office
900 N. Skyline, Suite B
Idaho Falls, ID 83402
(208) 528-2650
Health District 1
Panhandle Health District Dept.
322 Marion
Sandpoint, ID 83864
(208) 265-6384
Health District 2
North Central District Dept.
215 10th Street
Lewiston, ID 83501
(208)799-3100
Health District 3
Southwest District Health Dept.
920 Main Street
Caldwell, ID 83605
(208) 455-5403
Health District 4
Central District Health Dept.
707 North Armstrong Place
Boise, ID 83704
(208) 587-9225
Health District 5
South Central District Health Dept.
1020 Washington Street North
Twin Falls, ID 83301
(208)734-5900, Ext. 213
Health District 6
Southeastern District Health Dept.
1901 Alvin Ricken Drive
Pocatello, ID 83201-2727
(208) 233-9080, Ext. 320
Health District 7
District Seven Health Dept.
254 "E" Street
Idaho Falls, ID 83403-3597
(208) 523-5382
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-21
September 2005
-------
Violations for 2003
State of Illinois 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
MCL7MDRL
Violations
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
593
Systems in
Violation
Treatment Technique
Systems in
Violations Violation
Significant Monitoring
Violations
Systems in
Violation
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
5,956
442
2,082
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Illinois' State Report is available by contacting:
Illinois EPA's Division of Public Water Supplies
Telephone: (217) 782-9470
September 2005
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
-------
State of Indiana 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
* Possible overcounting of violating systems.
** The state report gives different counts in the report than in the appended table. Counts from the report are shown here.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
4,425
1,855
5,516***
*** Total violations in the appended table (3,241) differs from the calculated total (5,516) from the report.
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Indiana's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or contacting:
Indiana Department of Environmental Management
Office of Water Management
Drinking Water Branch
Web Site: http://www.in.gov/idem/water/dwb/compliance/index.html
Telephone: (317) 308-3280
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-23
September 2005
-------
State of Iowa 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Total Coliform Rule
Chemical Contaminant Group
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Possible overcounting of violating systems
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,037
NR**
1,065
** The state reported the total number of systems with MCL, Treatment Technique, and Action Level violations (168) and the total number of
systems with Significant Monitoring and Reporting violations (387) separately.
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Iowa's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site:
Web Site: http://www.state.ia.us/epd/wtrsuply/reporty03report.htm
September 2005
Page B-24
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
-------
State of Kansas 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
The state report gives different counts in the report than in the appended table. Counts from the report are shown here.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,069
195
372
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Kansas' State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Kansas Department of Health and Environment
Bureau of Water
1000 SW Jackson, Suite 420
Topeka, KS 66612-1367
Web Site: http://www.kdhe.state.ks.us/pws
Attention: Patti J. Cray
Telephone: (785) 296-3016
Fax: (785) 296-5509
E-mail: pcroy@kdhe.state.ks.us
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-25
September 2005
-------
Violations for 2003
State of Kentucky 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
619
NR
240
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Kentucky did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
September 2005
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
-------
State of Louisiana 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,639
NR
1,103
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Louisiana did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-27
September 2005
-------
State of Maine 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Total Coliform Rule
Chemical Contaminant Group
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
* Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,124
760
1,593**
** Total violations in the report (1,587) is less than the calculated total (1,593). The difference is due to the inclusion of the new Disinfection
Byproducts Rule and the Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule.
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Maine's State Report is available by contacting:
Maine Drinking Water Program
Attention: David E. Robbins, Compliance Section Manager
Telephone: (207) 287-8403
Fax: (207) 287-4172
September 2005
Page B-28
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
-------
Violations for 2003
State of Maryland 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
* Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
3,750
597
747
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Maryland's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Nancy Reilman
Maryland Department of the Environment
Water Supply Program
Web Site: http://www.mde.state.md.us
Telephone: (410) 631-3729
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-29
September 2005
-------
Violations for 2003
State of Massachusetts 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations Category
Total Coliform Rule
Chemical Contaminant Group
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,685
NR
416
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Massachusetts did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
September 2005
Page B-30
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
-------
State of Michigan 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
12,110
911*
1,216**
* Includes systems that violated the Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule and the Disinfection Byproducts Rule.
** Total violations in the report (1,223) differs from the calculated total (1,216). NOTE: A revised version of the Michigan 2003 ACR Report was
made available in July 2005. The data in the revised version may differ from this summary.
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Michigan's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Mr. Dan Dettweiler
Telephone: (517) 241-1373
E-mail: dettweid@michigan.gov
Ms. Kris Philip
Telephone: (517) 241-1238
E-mail: philipk@michigan.gov
Web Site: http://www.michigan.gov/deq/0,1607,7-135-3313_3675_3691,00.html
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-31
September 2005
-------
Violations for 2003
State of Minnesota 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations Category
Total Coliform Rule
Chemical Contaminant Group
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
' The state report gives different counts in the report conclusion than in the text of the report. Counts from the report conclusion are shown here.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
8,300
431
537
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Minnesota's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Minnesota Department of Health
Division of Environmental Health
Drinking Water Protection Section
RO. Box 64975
St. Paul, MN 55164-0975
Web Site: http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/eh/water/com/dwar/report03.html
Attention: Dennis Maki
Telephone: (651) 215-0770
Email: dennis.e.maki@health.state.mn.us
September 2005
Page B-32
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
-------
State of Mississippi 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Total Coliform Rule
Chemical Contaminant Group
MCL7MDRL
Violations
Systems in
Violation
Treatment Technique
Systems in
Violations Violation
Significant Monitoring
Violations
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Systems in
Violation
NR
* Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,380
NR
431
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Mississippi's State Report is available by contacting:
Joan Cockrell
Bureau of Public Water Supply
Telephone: (601) 576-7528
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-33
September 2005
-------
Violations for 2003
State of Missouri 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
MCL7MDRL
Violations
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
28
Systems in
Violation
Treatment Technique
Systems in
Violations Violation
Significant Monitoring
Violations
Systems in
Violation
NR
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,668
NR
2,360
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Missouri's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Missouri Department of Natural Resources
Public Drinking Water Branch
Water Protection Program
RO. Box 176
Jefferson City, MO 65102
Web Site: http://www.dnr.state.mo.us/wpscd/wpcp/dw-index.htm
Telephone: (800) 361-4827 or (573) 751-5331
September 2005
Page B-34
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
-------
State of Montana 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
* Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,046
NR
2,284
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Montana's State Report is available by contacting:
Montana Department of Environmental Quality
RO. Box 200901
Helena, MT 59620-0901
John Camden, Section Supervisor
Public Water Supply Section
Telephone: (406) 444-4071
Jon Dilliard, Manager
Public Water & Subdivisions Bureau
Telephone: (406) 444-2409
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-35
September 2005
-------
Violations for 2003
State of Nebraska 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations Category
Total Coliform Rule
Chemical Contaminant Group
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
* The state report gives different counts in the text of the report than in the accompanying table. Counts from the text are shown here.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,375
375
600
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Nebraska's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services Regulation and Licensure
301 Centennial Mall South
RO. Box 95007
Lincoln, NE 68509
Web Site: http://www.hhs.state.ne.us/enh/pwsindex.htm
Attention: Jo Ann Wagner
Telephone: (402) 471-2541
Fax: (402) 471-6436
E-mail: joann.wagner@hhss.state.ne.us
Nebraska's State Report is also available through the Nebraska Library Commission.
September 2005
Page B-36
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
-------
State of Nevada 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Total Coliform Rule
Chemical Contaminant Group
MCL7MDRL
Violations
It
Systems in
Violation
Treatment Technique
Systems in
Violations Violation
Significant Monitoring
Violations
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Systems in
Violation
Of
t State did not submit the information, so the information was generated from SDWIS/FED.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
613
216
565*
* Total violations in the report (565) differs from the calculated total (376).
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Nevada's Report is available in public libraries around the state.
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-37
September 2005
-------
Violations for 2003
State of New Hampshire 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,243
NR
890
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
New Hampshire's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services
Water Division, Water Supply Engineering Bureau
29 Hazen Drive
RO. Box 95
Concord, NH 03301
Web Site: http://www.des.state.nh.us/wseb
Attention: Laurie Cullerot
Telephone: (603) 271-2954
E-mail: leullerot@des.state.nh.us
September 2005
Page B-38
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
-------
State of New Jersey 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
4,121
NR
1,005
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
New Jersey did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-39
September 2005
-------
Violations for 2003
State of New Mexico 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations Category
Total Coliform Rule
Chemical Contaminant Group
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
* Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,246
441
922
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
New Mexico's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Fernando Martinez
Drinking Water Bureau
New Mexico Environment Department
525 Camino de los Marquez
Santa Fe, NM 87505
Web Site: http://www.nmenv.state.nm.us/dwb/dwbtop.html
Telephone: (505) 827-1400
Telephone (toll-free): (877) 654-8720
September 2005
Page B-40
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
-------
Violations for 2003
State of New York 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations Category*
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
* State submitted the information without a breakdown by rule.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
10,081
2,481
7,133
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
New York's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site.
Web Site: http://www.health.state.ny.us/nysdoh/water/violations/2003/2003_compliance_report.htm
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-41
September 2005
-------
State of North Carolina 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Total Coliform Rule
Chemical Contaminant Group
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
* Possible overcounting of violating systems.
** Values based on MCL=0.08mg/l
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
6,948
4,521
14,340***
*** Total violations in the report (14,340) differs from the calculated total (26,086).
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
North Carolina's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
EPA's Safe Drinking Water Hotline
Telephone: (800) 426-4791
North Carolina Public Water Supply Section
Telephone: (919) 715-3243
Web Site: http://www.deh.enr.state.nc.us/pws
E-mail: Martha.Fillinger@ncmail.net
September 2005
Page B-42
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
-------
State of North Dakota 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
531
92
132*
* Total violations in the report (132) differs from the calculated total (131). The difference is due to the inclusion of one violation of the Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule.
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
North Dakota's State Report is available by contacting:
North Dakota Department of Health
Division of Municipal Facilities
RO. Box 5520
1200 Missouri Avenue
Bismarck, ND 58506-5520
Attention: LeeAnn Tillotson
Telephone: (701) 328-5293
Fax: (701) 328-5200
E-mail: ltillots@state.nd.us
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-43
September 2005
-------
Violations for 2003
Northern Mariana Islands 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations Category
Total Coliform Rule
Chemical Contaminant Group
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
128
NR
179
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Northern Mariana Islands did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
September 2005
Page B-44
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
-------
State of Ohio 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
* The state report gives different counts in the summary table and another accompanying table. Counts from the summary table are shown here.
** Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
5,522
2,868
7,237***
*** Total violations in the report (7,237) differs from the calculated total (6,939).
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Ohio's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
PWS Annual Compliance Report
Ohio EPA DDAGW
RO. Box 1049
Columbus, OH 43216-1049
Web Site: http://www.epa.state.oh.us/ddagw/annualreports.html
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-45
September 2005
-------
State of Oklahoma 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
MCL/MDRL
Violations
43
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Systems in
Violation
Treatment Technique
Systems in
Violations Violation
Significant Monitoring
Violations
Systems in
Violation
Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,656
933*
1,759
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Oklahoma's State report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Department of Environmental Quality
Water Quality Division, 8th Floor
707 N. Robinson
Oklahoma City, OK 73101-1677
Department of Environmental Quality
Water Quality Division
RO. Box 1677
Oklahoma City, OK 73101-1677
Web Site: http://www.deq.state.ok.us/WQDnew/pws/index.html
September 2005
Page B-46
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
-------
Violations for 2003
State of Oregon 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,726
1,399
3,025*
* Total violations in the report (3,021) is less than the calculated total (3,025). The difference is due to the inclusion of the new Disinfection
Byproducts Rule and the Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule.
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Oregon's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site:
Web Site: http://www.dhs.state.or.us/publichealth/dwp/
Oregon's State report will also be published in the newsletter "The Pipeline."
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-47
September 2005
-------
Violations for 2003
State of Pennsylvania 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
9,991
2,479
10,782
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Pennsylvania's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Department of Environmental Protection
Bureau of Water Supply and Wastewater Management
RO. Box 8467, llth Floor RCSOB
Harrisburg, PA 17105-8467
Web Site: http://www.dep.state.pa.us
Telephone: (717) 787-5017
September 2005
Page B-48
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
-------
Violations for 2003
Puerto Rico 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
* Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
498
NR
6,135
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Puerto Rico's Report is available by contacting:
Department of Health
Public Water Supply Supervision Program
Ponce de Leon Avenue, #431 Nacional Plaza
9th Floor, Suite 903
Hato Rey, PR 00917
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-49
September 2005
-------
Violations for 2003
State of Rhode Island 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations Category
Total Coliform Rule
Chemical Contaminant Group
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
* Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
474
60
79
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Rhode Island's State report is available by accessing the state's web site.
Web Site: http://www.healthri.org/environmentydwq/index.php
The report was also distributed to Rhode Island's public water systems, legislature, and public libraries.
September 2005
Page B-50
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
-------
State of South Carolina 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
* Possible overcounting of violating systems.
** Reported in the Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,563
239
420
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
South Carolina's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
SCDHEC's Bureau of Water
2600 Bull Street
Columbia, SC 29201
Web Site: http://www.scdhec.net/water
Attention: Bruce Bleau
Telephone: (803) 898-4154
Fax: (803) 898-3795
E-mail: bleaubp@dhec.sc.gov
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-51
September 2005
-------
Violations for 2003
State of South Dakota 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Reported in the Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
514
NR
726
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
South Dakota's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site.
Web Site: http://www.state.sd.us/denr/des/drinking/PDF/ACR2003.pdf
September 2005
Page B-52
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
-------
State of Tennessee 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Total Coliform Rule
Chemical Contaminant Group
MCL7MDRL
Violations
0
Systems in
Violation
Treatment Technique
Systems in
Violations Violation
Significant Monitoring
Violations
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Systems in
Violation
* Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,162
162
270
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Tennessee's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Division of Water Supply-Central Office
401 Church Street
6th Floor, L&C Tower
Nashville, TN 37243-1549
(615) 532-0191
Chattanooga EAC
Division of Water Supply
Suite 550-State Office Bldg.
540 McCallie Avenue
Chattanooga, TN 37402-2013
(888)891-8332
Columbia EAC
Division of Water Supply
2484 Park Plus Drive
Columbia, TN 38401
(888)891-8332
Cookeville EAC
Division of Water Supply
121 South Willow
Cookeville, TN 38502
(888) 891-8332
Johnson City EAC
Division of Water Supply
2305 Silverdale Road
Johnson City, TN 37601-2162
(888) 891-8332
Knoxville EAC
Division of Water Supply
Suite 220-State Plaza
2700 Middlebrook Pke
Knoxville, TN 37219
(888) 891-8332
Nashville EAC
Division of Water Supply
711 R. S. Gass Blvd.
Nashville, TN 37216
(888) 891-8332
Jackson EAC
Division of Water Supply
362 Carriage House Drive
Jackson, TN 38305-2222
(888) 891-8332
Copies of the report are also located in most public libraries in the state and on the Department's web site at:
http://www.state.tn.us/environmentydws/DWprogram.php#reports
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-53
September 2005
-------
State of Texas 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
ATotal Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
* Possible overcounting of violating systems
** The Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission conducts Chemical Contaminant Group monitoring for all systems.
*** Reported in the Chemical Contaminant Group.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
6,676
2,635
3,374f
t Total violations in the report (3,374) differs from the calculated total (3,371).
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Texas' State Report is available by contacting:
Buck Henderson
Telephone: (512) 239-0990
September 2005
Page B-54
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
-------
State of Utah 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
* Possible overcounting of violating systems.
** Reported in the Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
950t
NR
4,171
t State did not submit the information, so the information was generated from SDWIS/FED.
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
The state report did not provide information regarding public availability.
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-55
September 2005
-------
Violations for 2003
State of Vermont 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations Category
Total Coliform Rule
Chemical Contaminant Group
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
* Possible overcounting of violating systems.
** Reported in the Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,362
NR
536
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Vermont's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation
Vermont Water Supply Division
103 South Main Street
Waterbury, VT 05671-0403
Web Site: http://www.anr.state.vt.us/dec/watersup/wquality.htm
Telephone: (in state) (800) 823-6500
Telephone: (out of state) (802) 241-3400
September 2005
Page B-56
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
-------
Virgin Islands 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
350
NR
251
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
The Virgin Islands' Report is available by contacting:
Department of Planning and Natural Resources
Division of Environmental Protection
Virgin Islands' Report is also available at all public libraries, the University of the Virgin Islands' (UVI) library, UVI's
Water Resource Research Institute, and at local laboratories.
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-57
September 2005
-------
Violations for 2003
State of Virginia 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations Category
Total Coliform Rule
Chemical Contaminant Group
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
3,236
1,086
2,352
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Virginia's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Central Office of the Office of Drinking Water
Robert A. K. Payne, JD, Director of Regulatory Enforcement
Web Site: httpAV/vww.vdh.state.va.us
Telephone: (804) 864-7498
September 2005
Page B-58
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
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Violations for 2003
State of Washington 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations Category
Total Coliform Rule
Chemical Contaminant Group
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
* This number includes violations that have taken place prior to calendar 2003.
** Systems are considered in violation if they have not provided all reports for past years.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
4,131
1,539
2,804
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Washington's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Department of Health
Division of Drinking Water
RO. Box 47822
Olympia,WA 98504-7822
Web Site: http://www.doh.wa.gov/ehp/dw/enforcementyenflink2.htm
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-59
September 2005
-------
State of West Virginia 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Total Coliform Rule
Chemical Contaminant Group
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,373
485
1,733*
* Total violations in the report (1,733) differs from the calculated total (1,745).
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
West Virginia's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting
EPA's Safe Drinking Water Hotline
(800) 426-4791
Web Site: http://www.wvdhhr.org/oehs/eed/rd&c/reports.asp
September 2005
Page B-60
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
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State of Wisconsin 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Total Coliform Rule
Chemical Contaminant Group
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Reported in the Chemical Contaminant Group.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
11,393
1,816
4,044
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
The Wisconsin 2003 Annual Compliance Report is available by contacting:
Mark Nelson
Bureau of Drinking Water and Groundwater
RO. Box 7921
Madison, Wl 53707
Telephone: (608) 267-4230
Email: mark.nelson@dnr.state.wi.us
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
Page B-61
September 2005
-------
State of Wyoming 2003 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Total Coliform Rule
Chemical Contaminant Group
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, Long Term
Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report,
Public Notification
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
* The state report gives different counts in the text and in the accompanying tables. Counts from the text of the report are shown here.
** Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
747
NR
290*
* The total number of violations in the summary table and text (290) differs from the total number of violations calculated from the Region 8 WY
2003 Compliance Report table (287).
Where to Obtain the 2003 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Wyoming's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
EPA's Region 8 Environmental Information Services Center
Web Site: http://www.epa.gov/region08/water/dwhome/wycon/wycon.html
Telephone: (303) 312-6312 or (800) 227-8917
E-mail: r8eisc@epa.gov
September 2005
Page B-62
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix B
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Appendix C
Map of Indian Lands
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Indian Lands
2003 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report Appendix C
Page C-l September 2005
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