United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Great Lakes National
Program Office
536 South Clark Street
Chicago, Illinois 60605
EPA 905/3-84-001
vvEPA
1981 Buffalo
New York Area
Sediment Survey
(BASS)
Do not WEED. This document
should be retained in the EPA
Region 5 Library Collection.
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1981 Buffalo, New York, Area Sediment Survey (BASS)
Prepared by
David C. Rockwell
Roger E. Claff
Great Lakes National Program Office
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
and
Douglas W. Kuehl
Environmental Research Laboratory
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Duluth, Minnesota
for
Great Lakes National Program Office
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
536 South Clark Street
Chicago, Illinois 60605
April 1984
—jy
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DISCLAIMER
This report has been reviewed by the Great Lakes National Program Office,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and approved for publication. Approval
does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies
of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, nor does mention of trade names
or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
Prediction
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FOREWORD
The Great Lakes National Program Office (GLNPO) of the United States
Environmental Protection Agency was established in Region V, Chicago, to
focus attention on the significant and complex natural resource represented
by the Great Lakes.
GLNPO implements a multi-media environmental management program drawing
on a wide range of expertise represented by universities, private firms, State,
Federal, and Canadian governmental agencies, and the International Joint
Commission. The goal of the GLNPO program is to develop programs, practices
and technology necessary for a better understanding of the Great Lakes Basin
ecosystem and to eliminate or reduce to the maximum extent practicable the
discharge of pollutants into the Great Lakes system. GLNPO also coordinates
U.S. actions in fulfillment of the Agreement between Canada and the United
States of America on Great Lakes Water Quality of 1978.
11
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Conclusions and Main Findings
Introduction
Background
Methodology
Results
Acknowledgments
References
Field Notes, Site Maps, and Survey Site Tables
Page
1
7
7
10
16
29
30
Appendix A
Appendix B
Appendix C
Appendix D
Appendix E
Appendix F
Appendix G
Guidelines for the Pollutional Classification of Great
Lakes Harbor Sediments
Analytic Results
Table 1 - Concentrations of Volatile Organics in Sediments
Table 2 - Concentrations of Semi-Volatile Organics in Sediments
Table 3 - Concentrations of PCBs and Pesticides in Sediments
Table 4 - Concentrations of Metals in Sediments
Table 5 - Concentrations of Conventional Pollutants in
Sediments
Maps of Sites Where at Least One Organic Parameter in a
Category Exceeded the 50 ppm Concentration Level or One
Conventional or Metal Parameter was Classified as Heavily
Polluted by USEPA Region V Guidelines
Compounds Identified in the 1981 Buffalo, New York, Area
Sediment Survey at Concentrations Greater Than 5 ppm and
Correlated With Station Sites
Summary of Laboratory Methodology and Quality Control
Information
Summary by Category, of Compounds, Their Production Method,
and Uses for Compounds Found at Concentrations Greater
Than 5 ppm
iii
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TABLES
Page
1. Buffalo, New York 1981 Sediment Survey Sites Where at Least 3-*
One Organic Contaminant Exceeded 50 ppm or Conventional and
Heavy Metal Contaminants Were Classified as Heavily Polluted by
EPA 1977 Pollutional Classification of Great Lakes Harbor
Sediments.
2. Chlorinated Planar Molecules Identified in Buffalo River 22
Sediments
3. Statistical Summary of Buffalo, New York 1981 Sediment Samples 26
and Duplicates of PCB, Pesticides, Metals and Conventional
Pollutant Parameters From 77 Determinations at 65 Sites.
FIGURES
Page
1. Buffalo, New York, 1981 Sediment Survey Area 2
2. Buffalo Sediment Sample NS03S66 Chromatograms Analysis by 25
Environmental Research Laboratory, Duluth
IV
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Conclusions and Hain Findings
In 1981, Great Lakes National Program Office (6LNPO) collected sediments
from the Buffalo area (Figure 1). During May 5 and 6, sediments were taken
from 93 sites (Appendix A, Table 1 and Appendix A, Figures 1-3). On September 3
eleven samples were collected at 10 sites (Appendix A, Table 2 and Appendix A,
Figures 1-3). Appendix A contains the field notes from both May and September
field work.
The Buffalo area contained within the survey is a heavily contaminated
area (Figure 1). Almost all of the 66 sites (Appendix A, Figures 1-3 and
Tables 1-2) analyzed contained sediments which exceeded USEPA Region V class-
ifications of heavily polluted for conventional contaminants and/or metals
(Appendix B, Table 1). Only sites 3 and 91A did not have at least one conven-
tional contaminant or metal parameter at a concentration that would qualify
as heavily polluted (Table 1) by EPA's dredging disposal criteria. Insuffi-
cient benthic living organisms were found in any of the sediments collected
to permit analysis for contaminants.
The organic, inorganic, and conventional pollutants identified in this
study were categorized to ease the data analysis. The sites that emerge having
at least four or more categories of contaminants at the highest levels were
site 12 (8 categories), site 58 (4 categories), and site 72 (4 categories)
(Table 1). Appendix C contains the analytical results. Appendix D contains
a nap of the site locations of heaviest contamination. Site 12 was sampled
during both survey runs (total of four times), a contributing factor to its
apparent high degree of contamination. There are fourteen sites for which pol-
lutants belonging to three or more different categories were identified, and
for which these pollutants were quantified at levels sufficiently high to
classify the sites as "heavily polluted."
-1-
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Figure 1
J—-~
NIAGRA FALLS
Buffalo, New York
1981 Sediment Survey Area
NORTH
TONAWANDA
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Table 1
Sediment Survey Sites Where at Least One Organic Contaminant Exceeded 50 ppm
or Conventional and Heavy Metal Contaminants Were Classified as Heavily
Polluted by EPA 1977 Pollutional Classification of Great Lakes Harbor Sediments
Buffalo, New York
Sites - May 6, 1981
Compound
Categories
(1) Alcohols, Organic
Acids, Ethers
and Esters
(2) Chlorinated
Aliphatics and
Aromatics
(3) Aldehydes and
Ketones
(4) Naphthalenes and
Polycyclic
Aromatics
(5) Nitro and Amino
Aromatics
(6) PCBs and
Pesticides
(7) Unsubstituted
Aliphatics and
Aromatics
(8) Conventional
Pollutants
(9) Heavy Metals
1
X
X
2
X
3
4
X
X
5
X
X
7
X
8
X
10
X
X
11
X
X
X
12
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
13
X
16
X
19
X
X
22
X
X
24
X
X
26
X
X
X
X
27
X
X
X
31
X
X
X
32
X
X
X
33
X
X
35
X
X
37
X
X
40
X
X
41
X
X
43
X
X
X
44
X
X
45
X
X
X
48
X
X
51
X
X
52
X
X
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Table 1, cont.
Sites - May 6, 1981
Compound
Categories
(1) Alcohols, Organic
Acids, Ethers
and Esters
(2} Chlorinated
Aliphatics and
Aromatics
(3) Aldehydes and
Ketones
(4) Naphthalenes and
Polycyclic
Aromatics
(5) Nitro and Ami no
Aromatics
(6) PCBs and
Pesticides
(7) Unsubstituted
Aliphatics and
Aromatics
(8) Conventional
Pollutants
(9) Heavy Metals
53
X
X
54
X
X
55
X
X
X
56
X
X
X
57
X
X
58
X
X
X
X
59
X
X
60
X
X
61
X
X
65
X
66
X
67
X
X
X
70
X
X
71
X
X
72
X
X
X
X
73
X
X
X
75
X
X
76
X
X
78
X
X
81
X
X
X
82
X
X
X
83
X
X
86
X
X
87
X
X
X
89
X
90
X
92
X
X
X
95
X
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Table 1, cont.
Sites - September 3, 1981
Compound
Categories
(1) Alcohols, Organic
Acids, Ethers
and Esters
(2) Chlorinated
Aliphatics and
Aromatics
(3) Aldehydes and
Ketones
(4) Naphthalenes and
Polycyclic
Aromatics
(5) Nitro and Ami no
Aromatics
(6) PCBs and
Pesticides
(7) Unsubstituted
Aliphatics and
Aromatics
(8) Conventional
Pollutants
(9) Heavy Metals
12
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
74
A
X
74
B
X
X
80
A
X
87
A
X
X
91
A
X
91
B
X
X
91
C
X
-5-
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Organic substances in the Buffalo area sediments, "identified" and
"quantified" by GC/MS to have concentrations of 5 ppm or greater, contained
nine potential or positive carcinogens and eight substances having a potential
for chronic aquatic toxicity. The carcinogenic toxicants, and the numbers of
sites at which they were found, are as follows: anthracene (19), benzo(a)an-
thracene (34), benzo(a)pyrene (12), chlorotoluene (1), fluoranthene (28),
fluorene (1), phenanthrene (2), pyrene (20), and tetrachlorobenzene (1). The
aquatic toxicants, and site numbers at which they were found, are as follows:
acenapthene (2), p-tert-butyl phenol (1), chlorobenzene (1), chloronaphtha-
lene (1), di-n-butylphthalate (3), dichlorobenzene (5), pentachloroben-
zene (1), and trichlorobenzene [1,2,4] (1). The sites where these compounds
were found can be identified by referring to Appendix E.
It should be remembered that GC retention time, even with capillary
columns, is not a confirmation of compound identity. Analysis by at least
semi-quantitive (order-of-maqnitude) GC/MS is required for confirmation. If
GC/EC and GC/MS quantifications do not compare in the Pesticide/PCB deter-
minations, the more sensitive dual column GC/EC data is used.
Further study of this area is continuing in support of remedial efforts.
The Niagara River Toxics Committee is exchanging information on the United
States and Canadian remedial program and need for further environmental studies.
The membership of this committee is drawn from the United States and Canada.
The members include representatives from United States Environmental Protection
Agency, the New York Department of Environmental Conservation, the Ontario
Ministry Of Environment, and Environment Canada.
-6-
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Introduction
This sediment survey is one in a series of Great Lakes National Program
Office studies designed to define the environmental state of the harbors and
rivers on the Great Lakes. The scope of this report consists of evaluating
the available data from the Buffalo, New York area (Figures 1, Appendix A -.
Figures 1-3 and Tables 1 and 2) and primarily focuses on the extent of toxicant
contamination in the subject area (Appendix C- Analytical Results). Appendix A
contains the field notes associated with all sites visited. The report does
not consider Buffalo area water quality since the water solubility of the
toxicants, both organic and metallic, is low. Nor are the Buffalo area
pollutional effects upon the Niagara River and Lake Ontario considered.
Recent improvements in analytical techniques now make it possible to detect
some chemical substances at very low levels, well below the levels at which
the substances might cause harmful environmental effects. Due to the paucity
of known environmental effects, sites are evaluated in this report with respect
to elevated levels of measured substances within the area. Thus, because a
site is identified as containing elevated contaminant levels, it is not neces-
sarily a hazardous site, although it becomes a site of concern requiring fur-
ther evaluation.
Background - Historical Data Collection Activities in the Buffalo Area
Early sediment sampling of Buffalo Harbor and the Black Rock Canal was
conducted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) in 1967, 1969,
1970, and 1972. Sediment analyses were conducted in 1967 and 1969 for volatile
solids, chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, and oil and grease. In 1970,
tests were conducted for mercury. According to the 1972 USEPA Report, all
sediments tested through 1969 were grossly polluted. In 1972, USEPA tested
-7-
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for the same parameters previously listed and conducted additional analyses
for lead and zinc. Tests were performed at 11 stations throughout the Federal
channels. The conclusion reached by USEPA for the 1972 sediments was that
they were still grossly polluted although levels of pollution had decreased
since 1970 (Bennett 1982).
Other organizations have conducted studies in the Buffalo area. A
brief summary of published results are given.
Canada-Ontario Review Board has published two reports which focus on water
quality problems resulting from inadequate control of toxic substances as evi-
denced by their presence in the Niagara River and Lake Ontario [Canada-Ontario
Review Board (1980,1981)]. All bottom sediment samples from the lower Niagara
River had concentrations of total PCBs exceeding the 50 ppb MOE criteria for
confined disposal of dredged spoils (Canada-Ontario Review Board 1981).
The Canadian Centre for Inland Waters has sampled bottom sediment for the
upper and lower Niagara River for metals and toxic organic contaminants (Kuntz
1981, in press). The 1979 and 1981 bottom sediment samples are reported on.
From these data, the Buffalo River, The Black Rock Canal or Scajaquada Creek,
Two Mile Creek, Ellicot Creek (or the Erie Canal) and the Love Canal area are
or have been sources of many of these contaminants to the Niagara River. Most
of the areas of concern mentioned above contain sediments which exceed the MOE
dredge spoil criteria for disposal of these sediments. These sediments all
fall into the USEPA Region V classification of heavily polluted sediments for
most of these contaminant parameters. Therefore, disposal of these dredge
spoils must be contained and not dumped into Lake Erie.
Work directed toward determining the fate of organic chemicals in the
Niagara River and the Buffalo River has been reported on.
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Water and sediment samples were taken from sites adjacent to hazardous
waste disposal areas in Niagara Falls, New York. The samples were analyzed by
GC/MS. The following compounds were identified: chlorobenzenes,
chlorotoluenes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon derivatives, PCBs, trichloro-
phenol and other phenols, benzyltrifluorides, mirex, and phenothiazine. A
large number of benzyl derivatives and a few unusual fluorinated compounds were
also found; they were probably waste byproducts of the industrial chemical
production of benzyl chloride and chloro(trifluoromethyl)benzene, respectively.
The hazardous waste disposal sites were the major sources for most of the
compounds which were found. The biological and environmental fates of these
compounds were not evaluated (Elder, et^ ^1_ 1981).
Three sediment samples taken from the Buffalo River and two soil samples
taken near its bank have been analyzed for 2-propanol-extractable, basic
organic compounds by using GC/MS. Eleven aromatic amines related to the
commercial production of malachite green and crystal violet were identified in
both the sediment and soil samples. Apparently a dye manufacturing plant used
this part of the river bank as a dump, and several of its waste chemicals
were leached into the river. It is possible that the compounds reported here
are, at least partially, responsible for tumors observed in fish taken from
this river (Nelson and Hites 1980).
The US Army Corps of Engineers surveyed the Buffalo area in 1981. Signifi-
cant organic contamination of the Buffalo River, Buffalo River Harbor, and
Black Rock Channel sediment quality was found. Confinement of the dredge
sediments from these Federal navigation channels should be continued as an
alternative to open lake disposal (Pethybridge 1981).
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Methodology
The site locations were designed by determining and plotting on a large
scale map the location of sewage treatment plant discharges, combined sewer
discharges (particularly those carrying industrial waste), industrial dis-
charges and any other feature that might result in contaminated sediments.
To this was added any data on sedimentation patterns that may exist from
dredging records, and existing data on sediment quality. This information
was used to identify locations where contaminated sediments were most likely
to exist.
Two categories -of sampling sites were selected. Primary sites were sites
that were most likely to be contaminated and all primary sites samples were
to be scanned and run for specific compounds which are known to be used in the
area or have been found in fish from the area. Secondary sites are sites which
will be run if the primary sites indicate a significant problem exists and will
be used to define the extent of the problem. Secondary samples would only be
analyzed for the specific compounds indicated as problems at primary sites.
Compounds for specific analysis at primary sites will be selected based on data
from fish and from data on industrial and agricultural usage in the area.
Due to laboratory resource constraints not all primary sites could be
analyzed. Based upon field records, quantity of sediments, benthos, and poten-
tial sources, those sites which appeared to be the "worst" were selected for
analysis. Samples from the remaining sites were logged, preserved, and stored
for future analysis should additional data be required.
Sediment samples were collected in the manner described in the Methods
Manual for Bottom Sediment Sample collection (USEPA 1977). Grab samples were
retrieved in May using a Ponar (clam shell) dredge for both the chemistry and
benthos analysis. Core samples were taken in September using a Wildco brass
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core tube 20" long with a 2" inner diameter and clear lexon plastic liner tube.
For the benthos analysis, the sediment samples were strained through a 80 mesh
sieve (U.S. Standard) and any invertebrates were picked off the sieve with a
tweezer, transferred to a sample jar and preserved with 70 percent ethanol.
The sediments for chemistry analysis were preserved by refrigeration to 4°C.
Prior to non-volatile organic analysis, the sediment samples were allowed
to thaw to 15-2S°C. Each sample was manually mixed and allowed to air dry.
All samples were ground with a mortar and pestle. Any sample requiring further
honogenization (discretion of analyst) was then passed through a 20 mesh
polypropylene sieve. The percent solids of the sample was determined on a
separate aliquot dried at 103-105°C.
The presence of a broad range of volatile and semi-volatile organic
contaminants, (see Appendix C, Tables 1 and 2 respectively) was determined by
subjecting the sediments to GC/MS scans. The semi-volatile orqanics were
removed from the sediments by Soxhlet extraction with a 1:1 mixture of acetone
and hexane. A portion of the extract was passed through Florisil column
chromatography. The extract from the first chromatographic fraction was then
passed through silica gel to further separate the PCBs from the pesticides.
The fractions were analyzed by dual column GC/EC. Volatile organic analysis
was done on wet sediment diluted with organic free water. Concentration is
later corrected for percent solids and reported on a dry weight basis. The
sediment and dilution water was purged with helium and the volatile organics
were trapped on Tenax. The trap was desorbed onto the GC column of a Hewlett-
Packard 5985 GC/MS. Organic contaminants quantitatively identified on the
GC/EC scans were confirmed using GC/MS. All GC/MS scans and specific GC
analyses followed USEPA standard procedures for dealing with priority pollu-
tants. (Methods 608, 624, 625 Federal Register 1979).
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Quantification of PCBs and pesticides (Appendix C - Table 3) was deter-
mined by subjecting the sediment extracts to gas chromatoqraphy with electron
capture detector (GC/EC). Samples were air dried and sieved. Organic components
were removed from 20 grans of sample using Soxhlet extraction of 16 hours with
a solvent consisting of a 1:1 acetone/hexane (V:V) mixture. The extract was
concentrated and partitioned through Florisil for the elimination of interferences
and separation of various pesticide mixtures. Further separation of PCBs from
pesticide components was done with silica gel. Quantitative determination
and confirmation was done using dual column GC/EC on the extracts. The GC/EC
extracts were also analyzed by GC/MS for additional confirmation.
All quantification of pesticides/PCBs is by the dual column method. This
requires that the chromatographic peak for the compound in question appears on
both columns at the appropriate retention times. Quantitation for pesticides
is by the internal standard method using p, p'- DDT for the "D" fraction and
Mi rex for the "F" fraction (Appendix F), while the external standard method
using actual Aroclors is used for PCB quantisation. The internal standard
method requires that the peak area for each routinely determined pesticide be
compared to the peak area of one compound (the internal standard) to obtain
ratios (relative response factors) which can be used to quantitate the amounts
of pesticides present in samples. A known amount of this internal standard is
then added to each sample. This procedure minimizes variations in detection
response and sample handling technique. Relative response factors for all
routinely determined pesticides and Aroclors are recalculated for each new
batch of samples by the use of actual reference compounds which are available
in the laboratory.
Quantitation by GC/MS depends on whether a definite compound assignment,
or only a tentative or unknown assignment, can be made. Definite compound
-12-
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assignments are reported only when the retention time data and mass spectral
data indicate that the compound is present, and when an authentic reference
compound is available for comparison purposes. Quantitation is by the internal
standard method using D-10 phenanthrene. Relative response factors are
determined for each new batch of samples using the actual reference compounds
which are available in the laboratory. Actual reference compounds are availa-
ble for all priority pollutants, as well as for many other commonly found
chemicals.
Tentative compound assignments are reported when there are significant
spectral matches between the mass spectrum of the compound searched and the
reference spectrum in the computer library. The similarity index computation
is part of the software of the Hewlett Packard computer library search program.
A manual review is also made of all library searches to assure that the library
results are sufficient for the tentative identifications. However, further
confirmation is not possible because an authentic reference compound is not
available. It is therefore not possible to quantify how sure the identifica-
tion is. In addition, the estimated concentrations of these tentatively
identified compounds are qualitative since the authentic compounds are not
available from which to obtain the response factors necessary for internal
standard quantitation.
Unknown compound assignments are reported when there are no credible
spectral matches between the spectra under consideration and the entire com-
puterized spectral library. Only estimates of concentration are possible since
the response factor necessary for quantitation are not known.
Heavy metals were determined by first digesting the sediment samples in a
mixture of hot concentrated acids. (The specific mixture depends upon the
analyte.) The acid extracts were analyzed for mercury using an automated
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cold-vapor atomic absorbtion technique. Arsenic and selenium were determined
using the hydride generation method. In addition, a scan for over 20 metals
was made using Inductively Coupled Arqon Plasma (ICAP) techniques (Appendix C-
Table 4).
The following seven determinations of conventional pollutants were run on
all sediments. Appendix C-Table 5 contains the results of these determinations.
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD).
COD was determined based on a silver sulfate catalyzed reaction with
potassium dichromate. A homogenized, acidified wet sediment sample was mixed
with a potassium dichromate solution containing silver sulfate, sulfuric acid
and mercuric oxide. The mixture was refluxed for 2 hours and then analyzed
using an automated spectrophotometric method based upon the determination of
the concentration of Cr+3 which is proportional to the COD.
Cyanide.
Cyanide is converted to HCN by means of a reflux-distillation catalyzed
by copper chloride which decomposes metallic cyanide complexes. The HCN gas
that is produced is then absorbed in a NaOH solution which is then analyzed
using the automated pyridine-barbituric acid spectrophotometric method.
Cyanide concentrations are reported as mg CN~/kg dry sediment.
Water samples are analyzed using similar procedures outlined in IISEPA
1979b. Concentrations are given as mg/1.
Phenol.
Manual distillation of phenolic compounds was used to remove interferences.
The distillate was then analyzed using an automated spectrophotometric method
based upon the buffered ferricyanide-catalyzed reaction of phenol with
4-aminoantipyrene. Phenol concentrations in the sediment are reported as mg/kg
-14-
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dry sediment while water analysis following similar procedures (USEPA 19795) is
reported as mg/1.
Total Phosphorus and Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
For total phosphorus and total Kjeldahl nitrogen analysis, samples were
digested at 370° in a block diqestor using a Hq-catalyzed I^SCty/I^Stty digest-
ing solution. The digestion converted organic nitrogen and phosphorus com-
pounds to ammonia and orthophosphate, respectively. The digested samples
were then analyzed for NH3 and P04 using an automated spectrophotometric
method. The NH3 determination was based upon the nitroprusside-catalyzed
indophenol blue reaction. The P04 determination was based upon the ascorbic
acid-reduced molybdenum blue heteropoly reaction.
Waters were analyzed according to USEPA 1979b using the Technical AA II
system. Results are in mg/1 Phosphorus.
% Solids.
A known weight of homogenized, moist sediment was dried at 105°C. The
total solids are calculated as:
% Solids = dry weight g x (100%)
wet weight q
Volatile Sol ids.
Volatile Solids were determined by igniting the dried residue from the
total solids determination at 550°C for one hour. The weight loss on ignition
is used to calculate % volatile solids. Volatile solids were expressed as a
percentage of the total solids in the sample.
All metals and organic contaminants were reported as milligrams per kilo-
gram (ppm) dry weight. Quality assurance procedures set variance limits for
reference samples, sample splits, and spike samples. Any results obtained
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outside USEPA acceptance limits were flagged as out of control and the samples
rerun, if possible.
More detailed descriptions of the methodology for sediment analysis can
be obtained from USEPA Region V, Central Regi
Street, Chicago, Illinois 60605. Appendix F
cription in some detail. A brief summary of
Table 1. Appendix F Table ?. contains a summa
onal Laboratory, 536 S. Clark
contains sediment analysis des-
inethods is shown in Appendix F
ry of approximate precision,
the analysis contained in this
accuracy and detection limit in sediments for
report. It should be noted that due to the inherent lack of homogeneity in
the sediment samples, there are wide variations in the precision and accuracy
of the GC/MS semi-volati le analysis and the G
Results
The objective of this report is to selec
the most heavily contaminated locations acros
The method selected resulted in nine categori
evaluation. These categories were divided so
of organic contaminants and two categories of
ding metals.
The latter two categories have been used
being considered for dredging and potential open lake disposal (Appendix B -
Table 1). All sites analyzed had sediments containing some parameters which
were moderately or heavily polluted using the
lines established for disposal of dredged mat
/EC, PCB, and pesticide analysis,
t, amongst the sites analyzed,
» a broad spectra of pollutants.
;s of compounds being used in the
that there were seven categories
conventional pollutants, inclu-
to characterize harbor sediments
1977 EPA sediment disposal guide-
»rial in the lake. Those sites,
containing at least one conventional or metal pollutant classified as heavily
polluted, are given in Table 1, Categories 8 and 9).
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In addition to these conventional or metal pollutants, all sites had
measurable levels of organic contaminants for which no sediment guidelines
have been established regarding their hazard potential. There is a presumption
of health concerns regarding the presence of some organic compounds in sediments.
Correlations between sediment concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
(PAHs), the incidence of neoplasms in bottom dwelling fish, and induction of
neoplasms in a bottom feeding fish species, brown bullhead (Ictalurus
nebulosus). by direct exposure to extracts of polluted river sediments supports
the hypothesis that some fish neoplasms result from exposure to carcinogenic
chemicals present in the fish's environments (Black 1982).
To select sites where the highest levels of organic contaminants were
found, across broad categories of organics, the following approach was arbitrari
selected. To reduce the number of organic compounds to a manageable size an
arbritrary level of 5 ppm was selected (Appendix F). Compounds which exceeded
5.0 ppm at least one sample site were grouped into nine categories: (1) Alcohols
Organic Acids, Ethers, and Esters, (2) Chlorinated Alipahtic and Aromatic Hydro-
carbons, (3) Aldehydes and Ketones, (4) Naphthalenes and Polycyclic Aromatic
Hydrocarbons (PAH), (5) Nitro and Amino Aromatic Hydrocarbons, (6) PCBs
and pesticides, (7) unsubstituted Aliphatic and Aromatic Hydrocarbons, (8)
Phenols, (9) Polyalicyclic Hydrocarbons. Of these categories, seven categories
(1-7) emerged with at least one organic compound that equalled or exceeded 50
ppm. Only the Phenol category and the Polyalicyclic Hydrocarbons category
failed to include compounds equalling or exceeding 50 ppm at at least one
sample site.
Agreement between parallel analyses by GC/EC and GC/MS is uneven. The
sample shown by GC/EC to be most heavily laden with PCBs (NS01S99) gave a
very weak response in the GC/MS test. The sample shown by GC/EC to be most
-17-
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contaminated by Mi rex (NS02S11) qave no noticeable response to GC/MS. This
kind of discrepancy is also seen with di-n-butyl phthalate, DDT, and zytron.
These results are not unexpected.
The electron capture detector, used in the gas chromatographic analysis
of pesticides and PCBs, is very sensitive to halogen containing organic com-
pounds. It is 10-100 times more sensitive than the mass spectral source of
the GC/MS which is why it is the preferred method for the quantitative deter-
mination of pesticides and PCBs. GC/MS confirmation of GC/EC results can
only occur if the pesticide or PCB level in the extract is equal to or greater
than the detection limit of the mass spectral source. The detection limit for
a particular compound will vary from sample to sample since other compounds
in the sample being studied can interfere or mask the spectrum of interest
(matrix effect). Appendix F, Table 3, gives organic compounds sought and
representative detection limits.
The presence of Mi rex (NSniS89, NS02S11), Zytron (NS01SOO), three
Aroclors (NS01S99) and four pesticides (NS03S66) were reverified from the
GC/EC data. The fiC/MS did not confirm the presence of these compounds either
through manual search or multiple ion monitoring indicating that their level
was below the M.S. detection limit. The presence of Mirex in sample NS01S78
was also reverified from the GC/EC data. However, although the Quantid
Program indicated the possible presence of Mirex, no mass spectral proof was
obtained.
The presence of di-n-butylphthalate in sample NS03S66 appears to be due to
laboratory contamination. Butylphthalate was not found in the duplicate
NS03D66, nor was evidence found by GC/MS for the presence of this compound.
Because di-n-butylphthalate is not a pesticide or PCB, GC/EC determinations
require much more laboratory manipulation than GC/MS work, and thus are more
-18-
-------
susceptible to laboratory contamination, the quantisation of di-n-butylphthalate
done by GC/MS is used for the determination of all other phthalates. The GO/EC
data are reported for completeness. Di-n-butylphthalate was added to the
GC/EC spike mixture to assure that its presence did not interfere with the
determination of other pesticides and PCBs.
The choice of 5.0 ppm as a "cut off" concentration level for further
consideration of organic substances was based upon a cursory inspection of
the data followed by a crude statistical interpretation of observations made.
The first observation was that the polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) appeared
to be the most we 11-represented group, in terms of the number of different
compounds. They also represented the typical concentration levels of all of
the compounds found. It also appeared that roughly 5.0 ppm might represent
an approximate median level for many of the PAHs. The exact medians of the
following PAHs test the validity of assuming 5.0 ppm as an median value:
Anthracene/Phenanthrene 2.3 ppm
Pyrene 5.35 ppm
Benzo(a)Anthracene/Chrysene 11.25 ppm
Fluorene ' 0.85 ppm
Fluoranthene 5.6 ppm
The "cut off" value of 5.0 ppm was selected for other categories because it
was felt that any compound was worthy of consideration if detected at levels
exceeding the apparent median value of compounds in the largest chemical
grouping, i.e. the PAHs.
The sediment sites of concern were selected on the basis of a 50.0 ppm
limit. This value was felt to approximate the 90th percentile of many of the
PAHs. Any compound analysis exceeding this assumed 90th percentile for PAH
was deemed sufficient justification for labeling the corresponding sample site
a "worst" site with respect to that particular compound's chemical grouping.
The actual 90th percenti les for the following PAHs test the validity of the
50 ppm assumption:
-19-
-------
Anthracene/Phenanthrene 10.6 ppm
Pyrene 20.0 ppm
Benzo(a)Anthracene/Chrysene 52.5 ppm
Benzo(a)Pyrene 89.0 ppm
Fluoranthene 19.0 ppm
The use of the 50 ppm concentration provided a crude prioritization amongst
the sites analyzed for toxicant contamination. Table 1 contains the sites
where at least one organic compound in the categories 1-7 was found to exceed
50 ppm. It should be emphasized that the contaminant levels selected, in
order to characterize the sediments with respect to their organic contaminants,
are completely arbitrary. At this time not enough is known about the health
significance of these contaminants or enough about the mechanism of their re-
lease or bioavailability from sediments. The emergence of a particular compound
which may be toxic or carcenoqenic at concentration levels lower than the 50
ppm selected would have a profound effect on the crude priority scheme developed
here.
Additional analysis was done at USEPA's Environmental Research Laboratory
in Duluth (ERL-D), Minnesota, for Buffalo River sediment samples (see credits).
The mass spectrometry group at ERL-D examined Buffalo River sediments for
unusual observations, i.e., very high levels of a specific chemical or the
identification of chemicals not routinely observed in environmental samples.
These analyses were done by capillary column electron capture gas chromato-
graphy using a 60m x 0.25 mm SE-54 fused quartz column with hydrogen as a
carrier gas to optimize resolution.
The analysis of planar molecules follows the methods reported in "Analysis
of Molecules in Planar Conformation in Great Lakes Fish" (Kuehl, Butterworth
and Durhan, 1982). Briefly, the sample (50g sediment) is soxhlet extracted
with 500 nil hexane/Ch^Clg (1:1) or hexane/acetone (1:1), respectively, for
24 hours. The samples are then reduced in volume to 5 ml and chromatographed
-20-
-------
on a sulfuric acid (Baker ultra high purity)/celite 545 column coupled to a
l.Og column of cesium silicate by eluting with 200 ml hexane. This procedure
oxidizes hioloqical molecules and removes polar chemicals. The sample is
aqain reduced in volume to 5 ml and adsorbed on a column of 50 mg amoco PX-21
carbon on glass fibers (1 cm x 4 cm). This column is washed with 50 ml CH2C12
to remove non-planar chemicals. Planar molecules are removed initially by
washing with 50 ml CHgC^/Benzene (1:1, FRA #1), which contains predominantly
planar PCBs. Planar molecules more tightly bound to the carbon are removed by
washing with 50 ml toluene in the reverse direction. The toluene fraction is
then fractionated on basic alumina into two fractions, one containing chloro-
naphthalenes (FRA #2) and a second containing chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins,
and dibenzofurans (FRA #3). Blanks, recovery studies, and surrogate spikes
were used to assure a detection limit of 10 ppt based upon 1,2,3,4-TCDD.
The 50g sediment sample was a composite of Buffalo River sediment NS01S55,
NS01S79, and NS03S66 (1:1:1). The sediment samples were very complex. First,
the three fractions were dominated by dichloro- through hexachlorobenzenes,
dichloro- through heptachloronapthalenas, and trichloro- through octachloro-
dibenzofurans. No PCDDs were observed. A series of halogenated planar
molecules not previously identified in environmental samples have been tenta-
tively identified. Their identification is based upon chromatographic elution
patterns and nass spectral data. Authentic standards are not available to
verify identifications. A summary of all the non-PCB planar chlorocarbons
identified are shown in Table 2. The range of concentrations for all chemicals
except chlorobenzenes are 10-500 ppt.
In addition, an attempt to isolate and identify at least one of the color
dyes in one of the sediment samples was made. Sample NS03S66, identified as
-21-
-------
Table 2
9H-CARBAZOLE 1,2
Cl
I
II
BIPHENYLENE 1,2
Ell
PHENANTHRENE 1,2
iv Cl
NITROBENZENE
v Cl
PHENOL
VI
PHENYLFLUOROMETHYL ETHER 1,2 QCHoF
V" Cl,
DIBENZOFURAN 2
!X C!4f5,6,7,8
PHENYLCYCLOHEXENE
Cl
2
NAPHTHALENE
xi C|
DIFLUORONAPHTHALENE
'5
2
XII
BENZOQUINONE
XIII
CHLOROMETHYLBENZENE
XIV
BENZENE
ETHYLFLOUROBENZENE
xvi
Chlorinated planar molecules identified in Buffalo River sediments.
1. Not known to have been previously identified in environmental samples
2. Numerous congeners identified
-22-
-------
Buffalo Color, was soxhlet extracted with acetone. The extract was concen-
trated to a volume of 1 ml and transferred to a lOg column of silica gel.
The volume was eluted with 100 rnl hexane, 100 ml benzene, 100 ml methylene
chloride and 100 ml acetone. A very complex series of shades of red, blue,
yello, green and purple color bands were eluted from the column; however, a
single very tight band of royal blue remained stationary at the top of the
column. The colored compound/silica gel mixture was transferred to a beaker.
The color was washed from the silica gel with hot water and back extracted
into CH2C12- Attempts to GC the sample were unsuccessful as expected.
As a result of the identification of a series of polychlorinated planar
molecules similar in structure to chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins in sediment
samples of the Buffalo River, New York, further work was done at ERL-D. One
of the molecules of particular interest was tentatively identified as a
tetrachloro-9H-Carbazole (TCC). TCC was found at higher concentrations than
tetrachlorodibenzofurans (TCDF), and could possibly be more toxic than TCOF.
Levels of TCDFs in these samples were estimated to be 100-500 ppt. These
values were estimated by assuming that the relative response of the molecular
ion of TCDF is equal to the response of TCDD. No TCDF standards are available
at ERL-D.
Bioassays were run after syntheses and quantification of TCC were done at
ERL-D. Two groups (30 day old and 3 day old) of 10 fathead minnows each were
exposed for 10 days to 2 liters of sterilized water saturated with 1,3,6,8-TCC.
No deaths were observed during this tine. Therefore, TCC does not appear to be
an acutely toxic chemical; however, it is predicted to be highly bioacccumu-
lative.
Sediment sample NS03S66 from the Buffalo River, New York was analyzed for
Mirex using high resolution gas chromatography with electron capture detection.
-23-
-------
Mi rex was not detected in the sediment sample. Procedural detection limits
were calculated at 5 ppb in the sediment sample.
A sample bank and a 100 ppb spike sample were carried through the entire
analysis with sediment samples. No Mi rex was present in the blank above
stated detection limits. Recovery of Mi rex from the spike samples was 102%.
The sediment samples contained heavy amounts of a large number of
compounds including a large peak with retention time of 49.00 minutes which
could easily be mistaken for Mirex. The mean retention time of Mirex was
48.88 min (n = 13; SD = 0.01); maximum absolute deviation from the mean value
was _+ 0.02 min. Chromatograms are shown in Figure 2.
Table 3 provides statistical information using PCBs, pesticides, and con-
ventional pollutants concentrations from the CRL data set. This table provides
an approximate distribution of the values obtained for these compounds.
There is only one PCB and pesticide parameter with observations greater
than 50 ppm. If a lower concentration was determined to be significant, then
more sites would be identified as "worst" for the PCS and pesticide categories.
Parameters which nay be significant at lower levels have been suggested
(Kizlauskas 1982). The parameters and their concentrations are as follows:
Total PCBs >5 ppm; total DDT >1 ppm; hexachlorobenzene >0.1 ppm; and Mirex
>.2 ppm; while one is at a higher level: mercury >2 ppm. The sites, where
these PCB and pesticide parameters concentrations are exceeded, are as follows:
PCBs (32, 72, 73, 82); DDT (12, 32, 73, 82); hexachlorobenzene (12, 72, 73);
and Mirex (21, 92). The slightly higher mercury concentration level did not
alter the evaluation of heavily polluted sites for the metal category. The
pattern suggested by raising or lowering criteria concentration levels for a
particular category may be valid. That is, more sites will be included if
-24-
-------
Figure 2
Electron Capture (EC! Chromatograms
Buffalo River Sediments 20.0 g sediments
extracted at 100 ml. in isooctane
MIREX
8
-o
0>
O)
-S
T3
C
O
o
0>
"P
13500.
12600. -
S 11700. -
<
10800. -
45.00
RT in minutes
45.60 46.20 46.80 4740 48.00
Sample: Buff R S 100 Injected at 23:19:49 Jan. 26, 1983
Method MIREX Raw: RMIR4 Proc: PMIR4
48.60
49.20
49.80
Mirex Standard
1993 ug/ml in Isooctane
MIREX
12000.
11700.
11400.
a.
<
11100.
10800.
45.00
RT in minutes
45.60
46.20
46.80
47.40
48.00
48.60
49.20
49.80
Sample: Std 3 Injected at 20:47:04 on Jan. 26, 1983
Method: MIREX Raw: RMIR3 Proc. PMIR3
-------
Table 3
Statistical Summary of Buffalo, New York 1981 Sediment Survey
for PCBs, Pesticides, Metals, and Conventional Parameters
(All values are mg/kg dry weight)
(77 determinations from 65 sites)
Parameter
Aroclor 1248
Aroclor 1254
Aroclor 1260
Total PCBs
o,p - DDE
P,P - DDE
o,p - ODD
p,p - ODD
o,p - DDT
p,p - DDT
Total DDT
gamma-Chlordane
alpha-Chlordane
oxy-Chlordane
Total Chlordane
DC PA
Heptachlor Epoxide
beta - BHC
gamma-BHC (Lindane)
Hexachlorobenzene
Mi rex
Methoxychlor
Endrin
alpha-Endosul fan
beta-Endosulfan
Dieldrin
Zytron
Di-n-Butyl Phthalate
50%
Median
.12
.11
.04
.30
.021
.015
.009
.014
.008W
.007
.105
.006
.002W
.006
.016
.002W
.014
.008
.004
.002W
.004
.03W
.003W
.003W
.003
.001
.002
.187
Mode
.07
.02W
.02W
.07
.022W
.003W
.001W
.001W
.002W
.02W
.007/ .033
.001W
.002W
.001W
.002
.002W
.001-. 002- .002W
.01W
.002W
.002W
.001W
.002W
.002W
.001W
.003W
.001U
.012W-.04W
0.4W
Low
0.03W
0.02W
0.02W
0.005
0.001W
0.001W
0.001W
0.001W
0.002W
0.002W
0.005
0.001W
0.002W
0.001W
.001
0.001W
0.002W
0.006W
0.001W
0.001W
0.001W
0.001W
0.001W
O.OQ1H
0.001W
0.001U
0.006W
0.01W
High
10.2
9.0
2.71
20.5
.73
.218
.53
.353
.2
2.55
2.318
.301
.002W
1.71
1.71
.24
1.0
1.23
3.25
72.095
1.89
.640
.267
.07
.20
.26
6.89
2.09
25%
.03
0.02W
0.02W
0.08
0.022W
0.002
0.001
0.002
0.003W
0.02W
0.033
0.1 02W
.002W
.006W
.007
0.002W
0.003
0.01W
0.002W
0.002W
0.003W
0.002W
0.002W
0.001W
0.003W
0.001W
0.003
0.035
75%
.73
.61
.17
1.57
.054
.034
.02
.054
.2W
.017
.209
.014
.002W
.016
.05
.002
.030
.038
.006
.018
.017
.02
.003W
.02W
.012
.002W
.154
.55
-26-
-------
Table 3 (Cont.)
Parameter
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Nickel
Zinc
Barium
Manganese
Iron
Total Solids
Total Volatile
Soi 1 ds
Total Kjeldahl
Nitrogen
Total Phosphorus
Chemical 02
Demand
Phenols
Cyanide
50%
Median
1.8
44.0
61.0
120.0
0.50
31.0
270.00
93.0
490
26000
5.30
54.70
1500.0
1300.0
61000
0.90
2.50
Mode
1.1- 1.8 - 4.2
44.0
140.0
100.0
0.30
31.0 - 33.0
120.0 - 230.0
120
420
26000
3.1-51.1-8.3
71.7
1700.
1300.
120000.
0.60
2.10
Low
0.22
7.0
10.0
15.0
0.10
3.80
54.0
9.8
8.5
4500
0.70
30.6
170.
260.
3100.
0.4
1.20
High
25.0
1000.
1600.
3300.
24.0
120.0
3300.0
460
5500
110000
25.40
77.9
4700.
3900.
310000
350
84
25%
0.60
23.0
37.0
67.0
0.30
23.0
150.0
75
390.
19000
3.6
45.50
760.
560.
340000.
0.60
1.70
75%
4.2
89.0
140.0
300.0
1.10
38.00
550.00
120
670
31000
8.30
60.70
2100.
1200
110000.
1.60
3.90
W = Minimum Response Level of GC/EC
-27-
-------
levels are lowered. Fewer sites will be included if levels are raised. Minor
adjustments in levels will not have an effect.
A brief analysis of production method and compound uses has been under-
taken on compounds found in the 1981 Buffalo Sediment Survey (Appendix 6).
Production methods that account for most of the compounds found are involved
in dye and solvent manufacturing and coal combustion.
-28-
-------
Acknowledgments
We want to thank our colleagues within the Great Lakes National Program
Office for support in planning, site selection, collection of sediments,
compilation of data, data management, and interpretation of results. In
particular Robert Bowden, David DeVault, Anthony Kizlauskas, Rosetta McPherson,
Marvin Palmer, Michael Pandya, Meg Tung, and Stanley Witt deserve special
mention for their efforts in this project.
The chemical analysis of the sediments were undertaken by Central Regional
Laboratory, USEPA Region V, via contract to BIONETICS. Dr. Eric G. S. Rundberg,
Chief, Organics Group, Bionetics, Mrs. Andrea Jirka, CRL, and Mrs. Marcia
Kuehl, CRL, provided the information found in Appendix F.
We want to thank Clifford Risley, Jr. and Vacys Saulys for their reviews
of the manuscript.
Dr. Gilman D. Veith of the Toxic Substances Research Branch of EPA's
Environmental Research Laboratory provided valuable insight into unusual
observations involving very high levels of chemicals not routinely observed
in environmental samples.
Jean Sharp, Judy Greenberg and Gaynell Whatley are to be commended for
their typing of the report and the extensive tables.
-29-
-------
References
Bennett, James M. 1982. Chief, Environmental Resources Branch, COE Buffalo
District: Date Report on Buffalo River, Buffalo Harbor and Black Rock
Channel Sediment Quality. File Memorandum - based on Great Lakes Labor-
atory, SUNY College, Buffalo, New York report "Analysis of Sediment,
Water, and Elutriate Water Collected and Processed from Buffalo Harbor,
New York Sampling Sites."
Black, John J. 1982. Field and Laboratory studies of Environmental Carcino-
genesis in Niagara River Fish. 25th Conference on Great Lakes Research,
international Association for Great Lakes Research, Sault Ste. Marie
Ontario, May, 1982.
Canada - Ontario Review Board. June 1980. Environmental Baseline Report of
the Niagara River, November 1981 Update.
Elder, Vincent A, Bertha L. Proctor, and R. A. Hites. 1981. Organic Compounds
Found Near Dump Sites in Niagara Falls, New York. American Chemical
Society, Vol. 15, No. 10, October 1981, pp. 1237-1243.
Federal Register. 1979. Volume 44, No. 233, Monday, December 3, 1979.
GLWQB 1982. Guidelines and Register for Evaluation of Great Lakes Dredging
Projects. Report of the Dredging Subcommittee to the Water Quality
Programs Committee of the Great Lakes Water Quality Board.
Kizlauskas, Anthony. 1982. Personnel Communication, Sediment Expert, Remedial
Programs Staff, Great Lakes National Program Office, USEPA.
Kuehl, D. W., Butterworth, Durhan 1982.' ERL-D internal memorandum.
Kuntz, K. W. In press 1981. Contaminants in the Bottom Sediments of the
Niagara River Water Quality Branch, Ontario Region.
Nelson, C* R. and R. A. Hites 1980. Aromatic Amines in and Near the Buffalo
River. American Chemical Society, Volume 14, No. 9, September 1980,
p. 1147.
Niagara River Toxics Committee. 1982. Working document - Comparison or Organic
Substances Found in Niagara River Water, Sediments, and Biota With Twelve
Lists of Priority Pollutants and With Five Lists of Human Health Effects.
Pethybridge, Arthur H. 1981. Analysis of Sediment, Water and Elutriate Water
Collected and Processed From Buffalo Harbor New York Sampling Sites.
Prepared for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Buffalo District by Great Lakes
Laboratory, State University College at Buffalo.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). 1977. Methods Manual for Bottom
Sediment Sample Collection, Great Lakes Surveillance Branch, Chicago.
-30-
-------
References, continued
USEPA. 1979a. Chemistry Laboratory Manual for Bottom Sediments and Elutriate
Testing. NTIS PB-294596.
USEPA. 1979b. Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes. USEPA
600/4-79-020, Cincinnati.
-31-
-------
Appendix A
Field Notes, Site Maps
and
Survey Site Tables
-------
SEDIMENT SAMPLING
Buffalo Niagara River
May 6, 1981
Secondary
Buffalo No. 81-01
Cazenovia Creek, grey brown silt, fine sand, septic odor, some gravel
no benthos visible, 10' from north bank, 1.5m deep, material washed out
of coring device, collected ponar only.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-02
Cazenovia Creek, 20' downstream from combined sewer overflow point, 10'
from south bank, 1m deep, grey brown silt, fine sand, slight septic odor,
some detritus, no benthos visible.
Secondary
Buffalo No. 81-03
Midstream-mouth of Cazenovia Creek just within Cazenovia Creek, grey brown
silt, fine sand, septic odor, some gravel, no benthos, visible detritus.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-04
10' from north bank of Buffalo River, 15' downstream from Worthington Corp.
outfall, 1.5m deep, fine brown sand, oil spots, no benthos observed.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-05
50' downstream from Baily Pump Station, 10' from north bank Buffalo River,
2m deep, brown-grey silt, some detritus and gravel, trace of oil, no benthos
observed.
Secondary
Buffalo No. 81-06
Mobil Oil dock "786" marked on wall, 10' from wall, 4m deep, brown sandy silt,
trace of oil, no benthos observed.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-07
40' downstream from Mobil Oil API Seperator outfall, 10' from wall, 6m deep,
sandy silt, detritus, trace of oil, no benthos visible.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-08
Opposite Mobil Oil main discharge (61 wide box culvert), 5m deep, oily sandy
silt, detritus, no benthos noted.
A-l
-------
Secondary
Buffalo No. 81-09
10' from south bank, 1m deep, brown oily silt, oligochaetes found.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-10
Downstream from Allied Chemical outfalls 001 and 002, 2m deep, brown-black
silt with heavy oil, no benthos observed.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-11
Downstream from Allied Chemical, 6m deep, brown black oily silt, no benthos
observed.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-12
Downstream from Buffalo Color outfall, oil boom around discharge, discharge
colored black, 3m deep, black oily silt, no benthos observed.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-13
15' from Republic Steel bulkhead, 4m deep, brown oily silt, no benthos
observed.
No Sample
Buffalo No. 81-14
Downstream from Republic outfalls, bottom hard, no samples collected.
No Sample
Buffalo No. 81-15
Near flowing Republic Steel outfall, water black, bottom hard, no samples
collected.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-16
North bank, 10' off point, 4m deep, Rubble and garbage on bank, brown sandy
silt, some oil, some detritus, no benthos observed.
Secondary
Buffalo No. 81-17
North bank, near outfall (Buffalo Color?), 1m deep, coarse sand, gravel,
no benthos observed.
A-2
-------
Secondary
Buffalo No. 81-18
10' from south bank, 3m deep, brown silt, leach observed.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-19
North bank opposite combined sewer, 1m deep, black-brown silt, trace of
oil, detritus, no benthos observed.
No Sample
Buffalo No. 81-20
Bottom hard, no sample after several tries.
Secondary
Buffalo No. 81-21
1m deep, gravel, brown sand, trace of oil, no benthos observed.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-22
Less than 1m deep, grey black oily silt.
Secondary
Buffalo No. 81-23
4m deep, grey silt, gravel, trace of oil.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-24
Downstream from Hamburg Street combined sewer, 1m deep, dark brown, oily silt
and clay, blood worms observed.
Secondary
Buffalo No. 81-25
7m deep, grey silt, trace of oil, oligochaetes observed.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-26
Mouth of slip with combined sewer,
-------
No Sample
Buffalo No. 81-30
Under expressway bridge on Scajaquada Creek. Creek impassable upstream due
to log jam. Attempted to sample 6 times with no results due to large sticks
and rocks on bottom. No sample
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-31
Mouth of Scajaquada Creek, sample primarly clay - silt with organic ooze
overlay observed, oil was presented, no particular odor, some oligochaetes
present, 1,5m deep.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-32
.25 mile south of first lock in Black Rock Canal at mouth of small abandoned
slip, sample primarly silt - clay with organic ooze, distinct anaerobic odor.
3m deep.
Secondary
Buffalo No. 81-33
West side of Black Rock Canal (Squaw Island) about midway between samples
81-31 and 81-34, silt - clay, detritus, some oil, 1.5m deep.
No Sample
Buffalo No. 81-34
Sample attempted in area with,4 outfalls in a 20 yard strech. No sample was
taken despite repeated attempts on hard bottom which was partly covered from
highway paving. Black Rock Canal.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-35
Area of 6 outfalls near Rudy Schafer Grain and Hops Division, sample had foul
odor and contained organic ooze, gravel, silt, and grain (apparently originated
from Schafer's, 4m deep, Black Rock Canal.
No Sample
Buffalo No. 81-36
Sample attempted at clear (fluid) high volume outfall, 20 yards south of site
Buffalo 81-35 in Black Rock Canal, outfall had sulphur odor and probably
originated at Schager Grain and Hops Division, no sample taken due to hard
bottom.
A-4
-------
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-37
Primary sample in 2m of water in Black Rock Canal off the north end of
Buffalo STP, sample primarly organic ooze and detritus - anaerobic
odor.
No Sample
Buffalo No. 81-38
Sample attempted at north end of Buffalo STP in Black Rock Canal, rocky
bottom prevented sampling.
No Sample
Buffalo No. 81-39
Sample attempted with no success on hard bottom at 10 yards north of First
Bridge north of Peace Bridge.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-40
10 yards south of Bridge (see Buffalo 81-39) on Squaw Island side of Black
Rock Canal, sample consisted of black foul smelling organic ooze that
burned when contacting skin abrasions, sample 2.5m deep.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-41
Primary sample at outfall (Black Rock) 1/3 of the way between Peace Bridge
and First Bridge to north of Peace Bridge, sample was silt - sand with
oil evident, no odor, sample between 2 outfalls.
Secondary
Buffalo No. 81-42
Secondary sample just off south point of Squaw Island of Buffalo side
of Black Neck, sample silt - clay.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-43
Primary sample on Buffalo side of Black Rock at .25 mile north of Peace
Bridge, sample consists of organic ooze with oil and slight oily odor.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-44
~8m of water in Black Rock Canal 50 yards south of power (high tension) lines,
sample sandy silt with no odor or oil evident.
A-5
-------
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-45
At sewer outfall in Black River, toilet paper and prophylactics evident
in water, site was off Front Park, sample was silt and sand - ooze
with foul odor (fecal), 2m deep.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-46
Buffalo Yacht Club Basin, sample consist of oily colloidal material with
foul odor, 3m deep.
Secondary
Buffalo No. 81-47
Secondary sample off Water Pumping Plant, sample sand - small gravel,
from 5m.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-48
Clay with fecal odor just off Bird Island pier in Black Rock across from
sample site 81-49.
Secondary
Buffalo No. 81-49
Black Rock just off water filtration plant on east side of canal, sample
was silty sand in 4m of water.
Secondary
Buffalo No. 81-50
Erie Basin between 1st and 2nd piers, sample was clay and silt from 7m
of water.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-51
Mid-channel at mouth of Buffalo River, sample was silt - clay with no
particular odor.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-52
Primary sample from 7.5m of water in the Middle of Buffalo ship canal
at 1st grain elevator, sample consists of silt and organic ooze grain
and oligochaetes and a few midges.
A-6
-------
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-53
Sample at point of penn. between Buffalo River and Buffalo ship Canal,
sample in 3m, primarly clay, some oil and organic ooze.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-54
7.5m deep, sample just south of Sky Way Bridge (R+5) in Buffalo Ship
Canal, clay, oligochaetes present no special odor.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-55
Mouth of Lakawana Ship Canal, sample in 11.5m of water, primarly silt and
ooze with large amount of oil.
Secondary
Buffalo No. 81-56
7m deep, 50 yards west of west corner of Lackawana Canal, sample consists
of grey & brown clay, oil, no benthos.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-57
Sample at outfall in 5.5m of water at the right interior corner (facing in)
of Union Canal, sample primarly clay and graphite with oil, sample had strong
oily smell, no benthos was observed.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-58
5.5m of water at the left interior corner of Union Canal, sample was oily,
clay and organic ooze with metalic specks, no benthos.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-59
7m of water just inside bridge on right side (facing) of Union Canal at
discharge, sample contained no benthos, were composed of organic ooze
and clay, oil present in sample and sample smells oily.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-60
7m of water, center of the Mouth of the Union Canal, sample consists of
clay, silt with oil present, no benthos observed, oily smell.
A-7
-------
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-61
Mouth of Smokes Creek at 50 yards from shore line in 1.5m of water, sample
consists of sand arid red, brown, yellow clay with oil present, Industrial
"foul" smelling.
Secondary
Buffalo No. 81-62
.2 miles out from the Mouth of Blaisdall Creek in 2.5m of water, sample
primarily sand.
Secondary
Buffalo No. 81-63
About 50 yards from Mouth of Rush Creek, sample consists of sand only.
Secondary
Buffalo No. 81-64
4m of water, off point to north of Rush and Smokes Creek, sample was
sand only.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-65
4m of water just off 3rd dock in Small Boat Harbor, sample consists of
clay - silt with some sand over layed with organic ooze, no particular
odor.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-66
Sample for outlet of landfill drainage into Small Boat Harbor, samples
consists of sand - silt over layed by organic ooze, sample contain
oil.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-67
8m of water off northern tip of Squaw Island, sample consists of clay with
some sand, gravel and shell.
No Sample
Buffalo No. 81-68
Sample attempted on west side of Squaw Island off old main outfall of
Buffalo STP, no sample was possible on rocky clean swept bottom.
A-8
-------
No Sample
Buffalo No. 81-69
Sample attempted on west side of Squaw Island at current main outfall
(submerged) of Buffalo STP. This was located 100 feet from shore
directly out from chlorination tanks. No sample was possible on rock
bottom. A few rocks were obtained - these had many caddisfly larvae.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-70
3.5m of water at Mouth of Rich Marina just north of Black Rock Canal,
Sample consists of light brown and black clay and sand gravel.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-71
2m of water in Corneilus Creek just north of JAFCO Marina (at creek mouth),
sample consists of black sand and silt with some oil, oligochaetes present.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-72
Sample in Niagara River of Vulcan Street exit of RT 1190 near apparent sewer
overflow, sample contained detritus organic ooze, and what appeared to be
toilet paper.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-73
2m of water just off Chevrolett Outfall 50 yards north of Dupont Marina
(Niagara River), sample consists of black sand - silt with oil present.
No Sample
Buffalo No. 81-74
Sample attempted at south ash coaling pond of Niagara Mohawk, no sample
possible on rock bottom.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-75
Old landfill on east side of Niagara River, sample primarly sand with clay,
1m.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-76
2m of water at Ashland Oil loading dock and discharge pipe, sample was
taken at point 20 yards out from pipe and at 10 yards north of dock,
sample consisted of sand and mud with some oil evident, no benthos
observed.
A-9
-------
No Sample
Buffalo No. 81-77
Sample attempted at Tonawanda STP Outfall (submerged), no sample possible
on hard bottom.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-78
1m of water at the Mouth of Two Mile Creek, sample consist of mud-clay with
sand and oil, has fecal odor.
No Sample
Buffalo No. 81-79
Sample attempted at Spaulding Fiber discharge, no sample was obtained on hard
bottom although effluent was black liquid.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-80
At Tonawanda Sewer Bypass, sample consisted of grey mud-clay, no benthos
observed, discharge location southeast of Tonawanda Island, 1.5m of water.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-81
At storm sewer overflow in Little River in 1m of water, sample was sand-mud-
clay with oil and "chemical" smell.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-82
At Wheatfield Street storm sewer in Little River at 300 yard north of site
81, water depth 1m, sample was clay with some sand, strong phenolic odor.
Primary
Buffalo Mo. 81-83
At storm sewer overflow at North Tonawanda STP, water depth 2m, sample was
clay-silt overlayed by organic ooze, no benthos observed.
Secondary
Buffalo No. 81-84
At Kapper Paper Co. outfall, area was fairly well scoured and several dredged
were required and composited to collect suitable size sample of sand-clay,
no odor or benthos.
A-10
-------
No Sample
Buffalo No. 81-85
Sample attempted at storm sewer .5 miles north of Kapper Paper, no sample
possible on rocky bottom.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-86
1.5m of water about 10 yards off Hooker Chemical landfill, sample primarly
sand with some clay, foul odor, Niagara River.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-87
Sample at Hooker Chemical Co. outfall, sample consists of sand and gravel
with some mud, no benthos evident, sample taken in 2m of water.
Secondary
Buffalo No. 81-88
Sample at possible landfill at the Williams Road extension, sample in 1.5m
of water at 15 yards from shore, consists of sand and some clay, no odor
or benthos.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-89
Sample in 1.5m of water at Hooker landfill, sample was black - mud, silt
with musty odor, no benthos.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-90
Sample at Olin dump, sample consists of sand and clay (brown & black streaks),
site at 20 yards off Little River,
-------
No Sample
Buffalo No. 81-93
Sample attempted just north of Hooker S area and inshore of City of Niagara
Falls water intake, no sample possible on rocky bottom.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-94
At 20 yards north of site 81-93, sample mostly large gravel and some clay,
no odor.
Primary
Buffalo No. 81-95
In-shore from site 81-94, sample was taken in 1' of water and 4' from shore,
primarly sand and gravel.
A-12
-------
SEDIMENT SAMPLING
Buffalo River
September 3, 1981
Primary
Buffalo No. 12
50' downstream Buffalo Color outfall, 10' offshore, depth 20', dropped
10' - approximately 6" of core very oily, black soft.
Primary
Buffalo No. 12
75' downstream Buffalo Color, 20' offshore, dropped 25' (full depth),
8-10" core soft material, grey black, very oily.
Primary
Buffalo No. 74A
50' from corner of inlet sewer pipe core, depth 1m - grass on botton,
sediment dark grey sand, some oil odor.
Primary
Buffalo No. 74B
Tributary 10' wide, oil bottom, 10' upshore from Niagara River, very oily
black sediment - water collected with core line, depth of water 6", water
noticably hot through rubber gloves.
Primary
Buffalo No. 80A
Ellicott Creek - depth 16', 2" core, dark grey silt over red clay.
Primary
Buffalo No. 87A
Approximately 8", core - clay & sand, brown black, metal specks, much aquatic
plants on bottom, 50' offshore, depth 9'.
Primary
Buffalo No. 89A
Dark brown hard sand, much aquatic plants, 18" depth.
No Sample
Buffalo No. 90A
No sample, botton hard.
A-13
-------
Primary
Buffalo No. 91A
Mouth Cayuga Creek - 2" core, dark silt under laid by hard, light grey clay,
Primary
Buffalo No. 91B
Cayuga Creek - 6" core, red grey clay, depth 10'.
Primary
Buffalo No. 91C
Little River - depth 8', grey sand, black speck, some grease, core about 5",
A-14
-------
U.S.G.S. - 7.5'
BUFFALO-SE QUAD
ILAKE ERIE
63*
Buffalo, New York
1981 Sediment Survey Sites
-------
Buffalo, New York
1981 Sediment Survey Sites
-------
Buffalo, New York
1981 Sediment Survey Sites
TONAWANDA EAST.WEST 6
NIAGARA FAUS QUADS
1Ma.4MO
-------
Appendix A
Table 1
Buffalo - New York
Survey Sites, May 6, 1981
Date
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
Depth CRL
(Meters) Log No.
1.5
1.0
2.0
1.5
2.0
4.0
6.0
5.0
1.0
2.0
6.0
3.0
4.0
_
.
4.0
1.0
3.0
1.0
mm
1.0
1.0
4.0
1.0
7.0
1.0
2.0
-
-
-
1.5
3.0
1.5
_
4.0
NS01S55
NS01S56
NS01S57
NS01S58
NS01S59
_ _
NS01S60
NS01S61
_ _
NS01S62
NS01S63
NS01S64
NS01S65
_ _
_ -
NS01S66
_ ..
- -
NS01S67
.. »
- _
NS01S68
_ _
NS01S69
_ _
NS01S70
NS01S71
- -
- -
- -
NS01S72
NS01S73
NS01S74
_ _
NS01S75
STORET*
Station
Code
8UF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
81-01
81-02
81-03
81-04
81-05
81-06
81-07
81-08
81-09
81-10
81-11
81-12
81-13
81-14
81-15
81-16
81-17
81-18
81-19
81-20
81-21
81-22
81-23
81-24
81-25
81-26
81-27
81-28
81-29
81-30
81-31
81-32
81-33
81-34
81-35
Latitude
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
'51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
52
No
No
55
55
55
55
55
55
°13"
23
37
58
44
42
45
48
48
51
47
43
43
32
22
27
37
34
46
41
28
34
43
49
44
58
07
field
field
49
44
51
38
30
22
Sample
Longitude Type** Significance
78' 48°
78 49
78 49
78 49
78 49
78 50
78 50
78 50
78 50
75 50
78 50
78 50
78 50
78 50
78 50
78 50
78 50
78 50
78 51
78 51
78 51
78 51
78 51
78 51
78 52
78 52
78 52
48"
03
40
03
35
03
13
18
29
32
37
42
38
41
42
45
54
55
07
41
17
50
39
42
02
07
15
S
P
S
P
P
S
P
P
S
P
P
P
P
NS
NS
P
S
S
P
NS
S
P
S
P
S
P
P
Cazenovia Creek
Cazenovia Creek,
Combined Sewer Outfall
Cazenovia Creek, Mouth
Worthington Corp.
Buffalo River
Baily Pumping Station
Buffalo River
Mobile Oil, Buffalo River
Mobile Oil, Buffalo River
Mobile Oil, Buffalo River
Buffalo River
Allied Chemical, Buffalo R.
Allied Chemical, Buffalo R.
Buffalo Color, Buffalo R.
Republic Steel, Buffalo R.
Republic Steel, Buffalo R.
Republic Steel, Buffalo R.
Buffalo River
Buffalo Color, Buffalo R.
Buffalo River, South Bank
Combined Sewer Outfall,
Buffalo River
Buffalo River
Buffalo River
Buffalo River
Buffalo River
Combined Sewer Outfall,
Buffalo River
Buffalo River
Combined sewer, Buffalo R.
Siphon Discharge, Buffalo R.
work attempted
work attempted
78 53
78 53
78 54
78 54
78 53
78 53
45
58
06
06
56
58
NS
P
P
S
NS
P
Expressway Bridge on
Scajaquada Creek
Mouth of Scajaquada Creek
Black Rock Canal
Black Rock Canal
Black Rock Canal
Schafer Grain & Hops,
Black Rock Canal
*Agency code for these stations is A=1115GLSB
**P = Primary S = Secondary NS = No Sample
A-18
-------
Appendix A
Table 1 (cont.)
Buffalo - New York
Survey Sites, May 6, 1981
Date
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
Depth CRL
(Meters) Log No.
w
2.0
-
-
2.5
2.0
2.0
2.0
8.0
2.0
3.0
5.0
2.0
4.0
7.0
2.0
7.5
3.0
7.5
11.5
7.0
5.5
5.5
7.0
7.0
1.5
2.5
2.0
4.0
4.0
2.0
2.0
-
-
« •
NS01S76
- -
- -
NS01S77
NS01S78
- -
NS01S79
NS01S80
NS01S81
- -
- -
NS01S82
- -
- -
NS01S83
NS01S84
NS01S85
NS01S86
NS01S87
NS01S88
NS01S89
NS01S90
NS01S91
NS01S92
NS01S93
- _
- -
- -
NS01S94
NS01S95
NS01S96
- -
- -
STORET*
Station
Code
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
81-36
81-37
81-38
81-39
81-40
81-41
81-42
81-43
81-44
81-45
81-46
81-47
81-48
81-49
81-50
81-51
81-52
81-53
81-54
81-55
81-56
81-57
81-58
81-59
81-60
81-61
81-62
81-63
81-64
81-65
81-66
81-67
81-68
81-69
Latitude
42'55°26"
42 55
42 55
42 54
42 54
42 54
42 54
42 54
42 54
42 54
42 53
42 53
42 53
42 53
42 52
42 52
42 51
42 52
42 52
42 49
42 49
42 50
42 50
42 50
42 50
42 48
42 47
42 47
42 48
42 51
42 50
42 56
42 55
42 55
12
09
56
53
50
42
34
24
08
49
43
32
34
50
41
55
27
18
52
51
09
10
03
00
39
56
36
02
00
50
18
09
16
Longitude
78 '
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
'54°02"
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
53
53
53
52
52
52
51
51
50
50
51
51
51
51
51
51
52
51
53
54
54
08
09
01
10
07
08
08
08
09
08
07
04
58
12
15
23
50
43
43
48
46
47
05
36
51
20
12
32
02
50
37
07
17
Sample
Type** Significance
NS
P
NS
NS
P
P
S
P
P
P
P
S
P
S
S
P
P
P
P
P
S
P
P
P
P
P
S
S
S
P
P
P
NS
NS
Sedimentation Area,
Black Rock Canal
Buffalo STP, Black Rock Cana
Buffalo STP, Black Rock Cana
Black Rock Canal, West bank
Outfall, Black Rock Canal
S. Squaw Isld. Black Rock Can<
Black Rock Canal, East Side
Black Rock Canal
Black Rock Canal ,
Combined Sewer Outfall
Buffalo Yacht Basin
Buffalo Pumping Station
Black Rock Canal
Black Rock Canal
Erien Yatch Basin
Buffalo River, Mouth
Buffalo Ship Canal
Buffalo Ship Canal,
Buffalo River
Buffalo Ship Canal
Takawana Ship Canal, Mouth
Buffalo Harbor
Union Canal , Outfall
Union Canal , Outfall
Union Ship Canal, Outfall
Union Canal , Mouth
Smokes Creek
Blaisdall Creek
Rush Creek
Rush and Smokes Creek
Small Boat Harbor
Landfill Drainage, Small
Boat Harbor
North Point Squaw Island
W. Side of Squal Island -
Old Main Outfall Buffalo
Outfall STP
W. Side of Squaw Island -
Current Main Outfall
Buffalo STP
*Agency code for these stations is A=1115GLSB
**P = Primary S = Secondary NS = No Sample
A-19
-------
Appendix A
Table 1 (cont.)
Buffalo - New York
Survey Sites, May 7, 1981
Date
810506
810506
810506
810506
810506
810507
810507
810507
810507
810507
810507
810507
810507
810507
810507
810507
810507
810507
810507
810507
810507
810507
810507
810507
810507
810507
Depth CRL
(Meters) Log No.
3.5
2.0
2.0
2.0
-
1.0
2.0
-
1.0
-
1.5
1.0
1.0
2.0
2.0
-
1.5
2.0
1.5
1.5
1.0
2.0
2.0
-
2.0
2.0
NS01S97
NS01S98
NS01S99
NS01SOO
- -
NS02S01
NS02S02
- -
NS02S03
- -
- -
NS02S04
NS02S05
NS02S06
- -
- -
NS02S07
NS02S08
- -
NS02S09
NS02S10
- -
NS02S11
- -
- -
NS02S12
STORET*
Station
Code
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
81-70
81-71
81-72
81-73
81-74
81-75
81-76
81-77
81-78
81-79
81-80
81-81
81-82
81-83
81-84
81-85
81-86
81-87
81-88
81-89
81-90
81-91
81-92
81-93
81-94
81-95
Latitude
42' 56
41 56
42 57
42 57
42 58
42 59
43 00
43 00
43 01
43 01
43 01
43 02
43 02
43 03
43 03
43 04
43 04
43 04
43 09
43 04
43 04
43 04
°20"
42
22
45
00
17
28
38
20
45
58
26
33
00
06
06
13
18
24
23
29
30
Longitude
78'
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
79
79
54
54
54
55
54
56
54
54
53
52
52
53
53
53
53
56
56
57
58
58
00
00
°32"
36
47
22
17
29
57
25
04
51
58
23
25
44
55
19
44
02
18
31
27
27
Sample
Type** Significance
P
P
P
P
NS
P
P
NS
P
NS
P
P
P
P
S
NS
P
P
S
P
P
S
P
NS
P
P
Rich Marina
Cornelius Creek
Niagara River, Combined Sewer
Chevrolet Outfall
S. Ash Cooling Pond - Niagara
Mohawk
Landfill
Ashland Oil Discharge
Tonawanda STP Outfall
Two Mile Creek, Mouth
Spaulding, Fiber Discharge
Tonawanda Sewer Bypass
Little River, Combined Sewer
Wheeler St. Little River,
Combined Sewer
N. Tonawanda, Combined Sewer
Kopper Paper, Outfall
Storm Sewer, 5 Miles North
Kopper Paper
Hooker Chemical , Landfill
Hooker Chemical, Outfall
Williams Road, Landfill
Hooker Chemical , Landfill
01 in Landfill
Little River, N. End
Little River, Combined Sewer
N. of Hooker "S" Area, of
Water Intake, City of
Niagara Falls
Hooker Chemical, "S"
Landfill
Hooker Chemical , "S"
Landfill
*Agency code for these stations is A=1115GLSB
**P = Primary S = Secondary NS = No Sample
A-20
-------
Table 2
Buffalo - New York
Survey Sites, September 3, 1981
Date
810903
810903
810903
810903
810903
810903
810903
810903
810903
810903
810903
810903
Depth CRL
(Meters) Log No.
3.0
7.6
7.7
1.0
1.0
8.0
3.0
1.0
-
2.0
3.0
2.0
NS03S66
NS03S67
NS03S68
NS03S69
NS03S70
NS03S76
NS03S71
NS03S72
- -
NS03S73
NS03S74
NS03S75
STORET*
Station
Code
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
BUF
81-12
81-12
81-12
81-74A
81-74B
81-80A
81-87A
81-89A
81-90A
81-91A
81-91B
81-91C
Latitude
42'
42
51°43"
51 43
(Lower Half
42
42
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
58 36
59 35
01 02
03 15
04 13
04 18
04 32
04 48
04 34
Sample
Longitude Type** Significance
78
78
of
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
78
50 42
50 42
Core
56 20
56 20
52 20
54 00
56 44
57 48
57 49
57 38
57 15
P
P
Sample
P
P
P
P
P
NS
P
P
P
Buffalo Color Buffalo
Buffalo Color Buffalo
NS03S67)
Tonawanda Channel
Tonawanda Channel
Ellicott Creek
Niagara River Channel
River
River
Hooker Chemical , Landfill
Curuga Is. Tonawanda Channel
Little River
Cayuga River
Little River
*Agency code for these stations is A=1156LSB
**P = Primary S = Secondary NS = No Sample
A-21
-------
APPENDIX B
Guidelines for the Pollutional Classification
of Great Lakes Harbor Sediments
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
REGION V
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS
APRIL 1977
GUIDELINES FOR THE POLLUTIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF GREAT LAKES HARBOR SEDIMENTS
Guidelines for the evaluation of Great Lakes harbor sediments, based on
bulk sediment analysis, have been developed by Region V of the U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency. These guidelines, developed under the pressure of
the need to make immediate decisions regarding the disposal of dredged material,
have not been adequately related to the impact of the sediments on the Lakes
and are considered interim guidelines until more scientifically sound guide-
lines are developed.
The guidelines are based on the following facts and assumptions:
1. Sediments that have been severely altered by the activities of man
are most likely to have adverse environmental impacts.
2. The variability of the sampling and analytical techniques is such
that the assessment of any sample must be based on all factors and
not on any single parameter with the exception of mercury and
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).
3. Due to the documented bioaccumulation of mercury and PCBs, rigid
limitations are used which override all other considerations.
Sediments are classified as heavily polluted, moderately polluted, or
nonpolluted by evaluating each parameter measured against the scales shown
below. The overall classification of the sample is based on the most pre-
dominant classification of the individual parameters. Additional factors,
such as elutriate test results, source of contamination, particle size distri-
bution, benthic macroinvertebrate populations, color, and odor are also
considered. These factors are interrelated in a complex manner and their in-
terpretation is necessarily somewhat subjective.
Table 1
The following ranges used to classify sediments from Great Lakes harbors
are based on compilations of data from over 100 different harbors since 1967.
Volatile Solids (%)
COD (mg/kg dry weight)
TKN ( )
Oil & Grease
(Hexane Solubles)
(mg/kg dry weight)
Lead (mg/kg dry weight)
Zinc ( ' )
NQNPOLLUTED
<5
<40,000
<1,000
<1,000
<40
<90
MODERATELY POLLUTED HEAVILY POLLUTED
5 - 8
40,000 - 80,000
1,000 - 2,000
1,000 - 2,000
40 - 60
90 - 200
>8
>80,000
>2,000
>2,000
>60
>200
B-l
-------
The following supplementary ranges used to classify sediments from Great
Lakes harbors have been developed to the point where they are usable but are
still subject to modification by the addition of new data. These ranges are
based on 260 samples from 34 harbors sampled during 1974 and 1975.
NONPOLLUTED MODERATELY POLLUTED HEAVILY POLLUTED
(mg/kg dry weight)
Ammonia <75 75-200 >200
Cyanide <0.10 0.10-0.25 >0.25
Phosphorus <420 420-650 >650
Iron <17,000 17,000-25,000 >25,000
Nickel <20 20-50 >50
Manganese <300 300-500 >500
Arsenic <3 3-8 >8
Cadmium * * >6
Chromium <25 25-75 >75
Barium <20 20-60 >60
Copper <25 25-50 >50
* Lower limits not established
The guidelines stated below for mercury and PCBs are based upon the best
available information and are subject to revision as new information becomes
available.
Methylation of mercury at levels H mg/kg has been documented (1, 2).
Methyl mercury is directly available for bioaccumulation in the food chain.
Elevated PCB levels in large fish have been found in all of the Great
Lakes, the accumulation pathways are not well understood. However,
bioaccumulation of PCBs at levels >10 mg/kg in fathead minnows has been
documented (3).
Because of the known bioaccumulation of these toxic compounds, a rigid
limitation is used. If the guidelines values are exceeded, the sediments are
classified as polluted and unacceptable for open lake disposal no matter what
the other data indicate.
POLLUTED
Mercury >l mg/kg dry weight
Total PCBs XLO mg/kg dry weight
The pollutional classification of sediments with total PCB concentrations
between 1.0 mg/kg and 10.0 mg/kg dry weight will be determined on a case-by-
case basis.
B-2
-------
APPENDIX C
Analytical Results
Tables
1. Concentrations of Volatile Organics in Sediments
2 Concentrations of Semi-Volatile Organics in Sediments
3. Concentrations of PCBs and Pesticides in Sediments
4. Concentrations of Metals in Sediments
5. Concentrations of Conventional Pollutants in Sediments
-------
Table 1
Concentrations of Volatiles in Sediments of the Buffalo and Niagara Rivers, New York, 1981
(All concentrations are in mg/kg dry weight)
Parameter
Acetophenone
Benzene
Bromodichloromethane
Butanone
l-Butyl-2-propylcyclopentane
Carbon disulfide
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
(Deuterochloroform)
Chlorotoluene
Cyclohexane
Di bromoch loromethane
Dibromoethane
Dibromomethane
Dichlorobenzene
1,1-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethylene
1,2-Dichloropropane
Diethylbenzene
Di ethyl ether
Sampling Site
01
0.35*
0.03
0.14
0.45*
0.05
0.06*
02
0.014
0.03
0.09*
0.06*
03
0.014
0.04
0.15*
0.014
0.03*
04
0.03
05
0.05
0.18*
0.01
0.02
06
07
0.05
0.18*
0.02
0.01*
08
0.04
0.15*
0.01
0.001*
0.01
10
0.017*
0.09*
11
0.107
0.084
0.4*
0.087
12
0.06
6.8
4.5
1.7
1.7
10.0*
0.6
12
1.84
>30.97
0.60
*
>34.1*
0.037
*
D12
1.06
*
>27.1
0.444
*
>29.6*
*
0.019
*
*
o
*Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
-------
Table 1, cont.
Parameter
Acetophenone
Benzene
Bromodichloromethane
Butanone
1-Butyl -2-propyl cycl opentane
Carbon disulfide
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
(Deuterochloroform)
Chlorotoluene
Cyclohexane
Dibromochloromethane
Dibromoethane
Dibromomethane
Di chlorobenzene
1,1-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethane
1 ,2-Di chl oroethyl ene
1,2-Dichloropropane
Diethyl benzene
Dlethyl ether
Sampling Site
12
0.061
2.05
*
2.24*
0.008
0.11*
12
0.016
0.033
0.02*
0.074*
13
0.02
0.08*
0.12*
16
0.03*
0.29*
19
0.02*
0.02*
22
0.03
0.1*
0.004
0.01*
24
0.032
0.13*
26
1.16*
0.24*
D26
0.01*
27
0.007
0.01*
0.13*
0.01*
31
32
33
35
0.05*
0.002
0.23*
0.03
r>
ro
tentative identification and approximate quantitation
-------
Table 1, cont.
Parameter
Acetophenone
Benzene
Bromodichloromethane
Butanone
l-Butyl-2-propylcyclopentane
Carbon disulfide
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
(Deuterochloroform)
Chlorotoluene
Cyclohexane
Dibromochloromethane
Dibromoethane
Dibromomethane
Dichlorobenzene
1,1-Dichloroethane
1 ,2-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethylene
1 ,2-Dichl oropropane
Diethylbenzene
Diethyl ether
Sampling Site
37
40
41
0.1*
43
44
0.07*
45
0.01
48
0.02*
0.16*
51
52
*
53
0.01
54
*
55
0.004
0.005*
D55
0.003
o
I
oo
*Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
-------
Table 1, cont.
Parameter
Acetophenone
Benzene
Bromodi chl oromethane
Butanone
1-Butyl -2-propyl cycl opentane
Carbon disulfide
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
(Deuterochl oroform)
Chlorotoluene
Cyclohexane
Dibromochl oromethane
Dibromoethane
Dibromomethane
Dichlorobenzene
1,1-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethylene
1 ,2-Dichl oropropane
Di ethyl benzene
Diethyl ether
Sampling Site
56
*
57
0.004
0.05*
bB
b9
6U
61
6b
66
6/
/O
11
D71
72
o
tentative identification and approximate quantitation
-------
Table 1, cont.
Parameter
Acetophenone
Benzene
Bromodichloromethane
Butanone
1-Butyl -2-propyl cycl opentane
Carbon disulfide
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
(Deuterochl oroform)
Chlorotoluene
Cyclohexane
Di bromochl oromethane
Dibromoethane
Dibromomethane
Dichlorobenzene
1,1-Dichloroethane
1 ,2-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethylene
1 ,2-Di chl oropropane
Diethyl benzene
Diethyl ether
Samplinq Site
73
74A
0.012
0.024*
0.032*
74B
0.003
1.19
*
75
...
0.005*
76
78
80A
0.005
0.005*
0.049*
81
*
0.003*
82
0.01
1.00
1.0
7.1
2.8*
1.0*
83
0.011
0.34
0.001*
0.04*
0.07*
86
0.004
0.31
0.002*
0.03*
0.05*
87
0.09
0.04*
0.36*
87A
0.038
0.11*
0.011
0.014
0.011
0.16*
o
I
en
*Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
-------
Table 1, cont.
Parameter
Acetophenone
Benzene
Bromodichloromethane
Butanone
1-Butyl -2-propyl cycl opentane
Carbon disulfide
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
(Deuterochloroform)
Chlorotoluene
Cyclohexane
Dibromochloromethane
Dibromoethane
Dibromomethane
Di chlorobenzene
1,1-Dichloroethane
1 ,2-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethylene
1,2-Dichloropropane
Diethyl benzene
Diethyl ether
Sampling Site
89
0.002
0.01*
0.003*
89A
0.014
0.041
0.043*
90
0.003*
91A
0.112
91B
0.172
9 1C
0.013
0.005
0.145*
92
0.016
0.07*
0.004*
0.06*
0.08*
D92
0.016
0.09*
0.06*
0.12*
95
0.01
<0.002
0.04*
*Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
-------
Table 1, cont.
Parameter
Dimethyl cycl ohexane
Dimethyl cycl opentane
Dimethyl disulfide
Dimethyl ether
Dimethyl tetrahydrofuran
Ethyl benzene
Ethyl cycl opentane
1-Ethyl -2-methyl cycl ohexane
Ethyl propyl benzene
Ethyl toluene
Hexane
Hydrocarbons
(Hydrocarbons-Alcohols]
( Hydrocarbon s-Aromatics)
Methyl cycl odecane
Methyl cycl ohexane
Methylcyclo
Methyl ene c
pentane
iloride
2-Methylhexane
3-Methylhexane
Sampling Site
01
6.9
02
2.24
03
2.8/
04
0.05*
0.82
05
U.01
06
0.02
O/
*
08
0.02*
10
1.989*
11
0.046
7.5*
0.035
12
0.03*
5.1*
0.06
12
0.89
0.56*
*
1.58*
*
2.63
0.39*
0.21*
012
0.06
0.50
0.38*
0.015
1.13*
*
1.76
0.31*
0.14*
o
*Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
-------
Table 1, cont.
Parameter
Dimethyl cycl ohexane
Dimethyl cycl opentane
Dimethyl disulfide
Dimethyl ether
Dimethyl tetrahydrofuran
Ethyl benzene
Ethyl cycl opentane
1-Ethyl -2-methyl cycl ohexane
Ethyl propyl benzene
Ethyl toluene
Hexane
Hydrocarbons
(Hydrocarbons-Alcohols
(Hydrocarbons-Aromatics)
Methyl cycl odecane
Methyl cycl ohexane
Methyl eye 1 opentane
Methyl ene ciloride
2-Methyl hexane
3-Methylhexane
Sampling Site
12
0.14
0.03
0.011
1.16*
0.33*
0.11*
1.0
12
0.031
13
1.3*
0.02
16
0.9*
0.12
19
0.29*
0.01
22
0.4*
0.023
24
0.4*
26
2.b*
D26
1.0*
1.42*
5.2*
27
1.6*
2.8*
0.62*
31
0.11*
0.53*
3.3*
32
4.8*
33
b.2*
35
0.34*
0.85*
0.22
CO
*Tentative identification and approximate quantisation
-------
Table 1, cont.
Parameter
Dimethyl cycl ohexane
Dimethyl cycl opentane
Dimethyl disulfide
Dimethyl ether
Dimethyl tetrahydrof uran
Ethyl benzene
Ethyl cycl opentane
1-Ethy 1 -2-methyl cycl ohexane
Ethyl propyl benzene
Ethyltoluene
Hexane
Hydrocarbons
(Hydrocarbons-Alcohols'
(Hydrocarbons-Aromatics)
Methyl cycl odecane
Methyl cycl ohexane
Methyl cycl o
Methyl ene c
pentane
iloride
2-Methylhexane
3-Methylhexane
Sampling Site
37
l.U*
0.02
40
0.01*
1.1*
0.01
41
1.11*
0.013
43
1.1*
0.04
44
0.9*
4b
O.O/
48
0.36*
0.334
51
0.25*
52
0.26*
53
0.003
0.7*
0.02*
54
0.8*
0.004
bb
O.b*
D55
1.1*
*Tentative identification and approximate quantisation
-------
Table 1, cont.
Parameter
Dimethyl cycl ohexane
Dimethyl cycl opentane
Dimethyl disulfide
Dimethyl ether
Dimethyl tetrahydrofuran
Ethyl benzene
Ethyl cycl opentane
1-Ethyl -2-methy 1 cycl ohexane
Ethyl propyl benzene
Ethyl toluene
Hexane
Hydrocarbons
Hydrocarbons-Alcohol s)
'Hydrocarbons-Aromatics)
Methyl cycl odecane
Methyl cycl ohexane
Methyl cycl o
Methyl ene c
oentane
hloride
2-Methylhexane
3-Methylhexane
Sampling Site
56
2.6*
0.003
57
0.09*
0.346
58
0.57*
0.02
r 59
60
0.65*
0.002
61
0.01*
0.48*
65
0.32*
66
0.41*
0.016
67
0.65*
0.004
70
0.59*
0.016
71
0.5*
0.003
D71
0.3*
0.03
72
0.81*
0.022
I
I—1
o
*Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
-------
Table 1, cont.
Parameter
Dimethyl cyclohexane
Dimethyl cycl opentane
Dimethyl disulfide
Dimethyl ether
Dimethyl tetrahydrofuran
Ethyl benzene
Ethyl cycl opentane
1-Ethyl -2-methy 1 cycl ohexane
Ethyl propyl benzene
Ethyltoluene
Hexane
Hydrocarbons
(Hydrocarbons-Alcohols)
( Hyd roca rbon s-A roma t i c s )
Methyl cycl odecane
Methyl cycl ohexane
Methyl cycl opentane
Methyl ene chloride .
2-Methylhexane
3-Methylhexane
Sampl
73
0.19*
74A
1.37
inc
/4
Site
B
0.002
0.146
75
0.27*
0.19
76
0.13*
0.007
78
1.8*
80A
0.007
81
0.16*
0.004
82
0.124
0.18*
1.6*
83
0.08*
0.056
86
0.20*
1.06.
87
0.024*
1.37
87A
2.34*
o
'4
*Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
-------
Table 1, cont.
Parameter
Dimethyl cycl ohexane
Dimethyl cycl opentane
Dimethyl disulfide
Dimethyl ether
Dimethyl tetrahydrofuran
Ethyl benzene
Ethyl cycl opentane
1-Ethy 1 -2-methyl cycl ohexane
Ethyl propy 1 benzene
Ethyl toluene
Hexane
Hydrocarbons
(Hydrocarbons-Alcohols)
(Hydrocarbons-Aromatics)
Methyl cycl odecane
Methyl cycl ohexane
Methyl cycl opentane
Methylene ciloride
2-Methylhexane
3-Methylhexane
Sampling Site
89
0.008*
0.01*
0.191
89A
0.195
90
0.01*
0.01*
0.091
91A
0.071
91B
0.119
91C
0.482
92
0.12*
0.16
D92
0.15
95
*Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
-------
Table 1, cont.
Parameter
1-Methyl -2-propyl cycl opentane
2-(2-propenyl )tol uene
Propyl benzene
Propyl toluene
(Substituted cyclohexanes)
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
Tet rachl oroethyl ene
Thiobis(methane)
Toluene
Tribromomethane
Trichlorobenzene
Trichloroethane
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
1,1,2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Trimethyl benzene
Trimethylcyclohexane
1 , 1 ,3-Trimethyl cycl ohexane
m-Xylene
o- and p-Xylenes
Sampling Stte
01
*
0.12
0.07
02
0.08
0.05
03
0.07
0.04
04
2.3
0.08
05
0.004
0.01
07
0.01
08
0.002
0.01
10
11
0.34*
0.064
0.086
0.086
12
0.04
0.06
0.1
12
1.94
11.39
0.038
1.92
1.41
D12
0.787
3.14
*
0.027
0.673
0.512
o
I—"
GO
*Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
-------
Table 1, cont.
Parameter
1-Methyl -2-propyl cycl opentane
2- (2-propenylJ toluene
Propyl benzene
Propyl toluene
(Substituted cyclohexanes)
1,1,2, 2-Tet rach 1 oroethane
Tetrachl oroethyl ene
Thiobis(methane)
Toluene
Tribromomethane
Trichlorobenzene
Trichl oroethane
1 ,1 ,1-Trichl oroethane
1 ,1 ,2-Trichloroethane
Trichl oroethylene
Trimethyl benzene
Trimethyl cycl ohexane
1,1, 3-Trimethyl cycl ohexane
m-Xylene
o- and p-Xylenes
Samplinq Site
12
0.63*
0.65*
*
0.004
0.045
0.004
0.12*
0.02
0.02
12
13
16
0.21
19
22
0.006
24
26
0.84*
0.06
0.03
U2b
2.b*
U./*
TTTMl
O.U2
27
0.006
.15*
31
0.7*
0.5*
32
33
35
0.015
0.4*
.2
o
I—»
-p.
*Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
-------
Table 1, cont.
Parameter
1-Methyl -2-propyl cycl opentane
2-(2-propenyl)toluene
Propyl benzene
Propyl toluene
(Substituted cyclohexanes)
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachl oroethyl ene
Thiobis(methane)
To! uene
Tribromomethane
Trichlorobenzene
Trichloroethane
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
1 ,1 ,2-Trichl oroethane
Trichloroethylene
Trimethyl benzene
Trimethylcyclohexane
1 , 1 ,3-Trimethyl cycl ohexane
m-Xylene
o- and p-Xylenes
Sampling Site
37
40
41
43
7.9
44
45
4.9
0.02
0.03
0.7
48
0.06
51
0.004
52
53
0.1*
0.1*
*
0.01
54
55
0.004
-
D55
o
'I
*Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
-------
Table 1, cont.
Parameter
l-Methyl-2-propylcyclopentane
2-(2-propenyl )toluene
Propyl benzene
Propyl toluene
(Substituted cyclohexanes)
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
Thiobis(methane)
Toluene
Tribromomethane
Trichlorobenzene
Trichloroethane
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
1,1,2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Trimethyl benzene
Trimethylcyclohexane
1 ,1 ,3-trimethyl cycl ohexane
m-Xylene
o- and p-Xylenes
Samplinq Site
56
*
57
0.008
0.003
b«
b9
60
61
0.03*
65
66
67
70
71
D71
72
5.6
o
I—'
CT>
*Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
-------
Table 1, cont.
Parameter
1-Methy 1 -2-propyl cy cl opentane
2-(2-propeny1 )toluene
Propyl benzene
Propyl toluene
(Substituted cyclohexanes)
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
Thlobis(methane)
Toluene
Tribromomethane
Trichlorobenzene
Trichlorobenzene
Trichloroethane
1, 1,1-Trichloroethane
1 ,1 ,2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Trimethyl benzene
Trimethy 1 cycl ohexane
1 ,1 ,3-Trimethyl cycl ohexane
m-Xylene
o- and p-Xylenes
Sampling Site
73
0.18
74A
74B
0.017*
0.005
0.004
0.008
0.003
*
0.003
0.004
75
76
/8
*
80A
81
0.004
82
0.04
0.342
0.411
83
0.002
0.003
86
0.005
0.54*
87
0.012
0.005
0.002*
0.008*
0.10 *
0.004*
0.01 *
87A
0.004
0.009
0.012
0.008
o
*Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
-------
Table 1, cont.
Parameter
1-Methy 1 -2-propy 1 cycl opentane
2-(2-propenyl)toluene
Propyl benzene
Propyl toluene
(Substituted cyclohexanes)
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
Thiobis(methane)
Toluene
Tribromomethane
Tichlorobenzene
Trichlorobenzene
Trichloroethane
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
1,1,2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Trimethyl benzene
Trimethyl cycl ohexane
1,1,3-Trimethylcyclohexane
m-Xylene
o-and p-Xylenes
Sampling Site
89
0.002
89A
0.002
0.003
0.002
90
0.001
91A
0.003
91B
0.002
0.002
0.002
91C
0.007
92
0.004
D92
0.008
95
0.007
o
I—•
00
*Tentative identification and approximate quantisation
-------
Table 2
Concentrations of Semi-Volatiles in Sediments
of the Buffalo and Niagara Rivers, New York, 1981
(All values are mg/kg dry weight)
Parameter
Acenaphthene
Acenaphthylene
Aldrin
Benzeneacetal dehyde
alpha-BHC
beta-BHC
Benzo (b)fluoranthene
Benzo(g,h,i )fluoranthene
Benzo ajfluorene 11H
Benzo • g,h,i )perylene
Benzo(a)pyrene
l,l'-Biphenyl
Butyl benzyl phthal ate
t-butyl naphthalene
Butyl phenol
p-t-butyl phenol
2-Chloroaniline
1-Chloroanthraquinone
Chi orobenzi late
2-Chloronaphthalene
l-Chloro-2-nitrobenzene
l-Chloro-3-nitrobenzene
Cholestan-3-alpha-ol
Chrysene/Benz(a)anthracene
p-Cresol
4H-Cyclopenta(d,e,f )
phenanthrene
o-Cymene
Di acetone Alcohol
Dibenzofuran
Di-N-butylphthalate
1,2-Dichlorobenzene
1,3-Dichlorobenzene
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
l,3-Dichlorobenzene+l,4,
Dichlorobenzene
Dichlorobiphenyl (1)
Dichlorobiphenyl (2)
p,p-DDE
o,p-DDT
2,4-Dichloronitrobenzene
Sampling Site
01
0.01
0.8
0.01
2.2
0.03
02
0.02
0.3
4.0
3.0*
0.5
03
*
*
1.3
0.3
1.1
04
0.8
10.3
0.9
Ob
0.8
0.6
O/
3.0
08
0.04
0.2
2.1
0.6
10
0.01
11
0.78
17.*
40.*
*
12
80.
6.6
10.
12
3.5
430.*
2.2*
130.*
4.0
320.*
171.9
7.8
8.6*
tentative identification and approximate quantisation
C-19
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
Acenaphthene
Acenaphthylene
Aldrin
Benzeneacetal dehyde
alpha-BHC
beta-BHC
Benzo b)f luoranthene
Benzo g,h,i )fluoranthene
Benzo ajfluorene 11H
Benzo g,h,i )pery1ene
Benzo ajpyrene
l.l'-Biphenyl
Butyl benzyl phthal ate
t-butyl naphthalene
Butyl phenol
p-t-butyl phenol
2-Chloroaniline
1-Chloroanthraquinone
Chlorobenzilate
2-Chloronaphthalene
l-Chloro-2-nitrobenzene
l-Chloro-3-nitrobenzene
Cholestan-3-alpha-ol
Chrysene/Benz(a)anthracene
p-Cresol
4H-Cyclopenta(d,e,f )
phenanthrene
o-Cymene
Diacetone Alcohol
Dibenzofuran
Di-N-butylphthalate
1,2-Dichl orobenzene
1 ,3-Dichl orobenzene
1 ,4-Di chl orobenzene
1 ,3-Dichl orobenzene+1 ,4,
Dichlorobenzene
Dichlorobiphenyl (1)
Dichlorobiphenyl (2)
p,p-DDE
o.p-DDT
2,4-Dichloronitrobenzene
Samplinq Site
D12
5.6
420.*
2.5*
120.*
7.3
350.*
242.8
10.
8.7*
12
/.I*
16.*
*
O./*
Ib.
3.3
2.0
3.0
12
0.3
0.3*
*
14.
*
16.
6.2
0.8
1.2
16
9.1
19
O.i
b.2
0.4
0.2
1.6
22
0.4*
6./
0.6
2.6
0.9
24
0.2
0.1
0.2
26
96.9
72.5
60.2
1)26
0.3
70.1
32.4
48.6
27
17.9
0.7
U27
*Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
C-20
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
Acenaphthene
Acenaphthylene
Aldrin
Benzeneacetal dehyde
alpha-BHC
beta-BHC
Benzo b)fluoranthene
Benzo g,h,i )fluoranthene
Benzo ajfluorene 11H
Benzo g,h,i )perylene
Benzo a)pyrene
l,l'-Biphenyl
Butyl benzyl phthal ate
t-butyl naphthalene
Butyl phenol
p-t-butyl phenol
2-Chloroaniline
1-Chloroanthraquinone
Chlorobenzilate
2-Chloronaphthalene
l-Chloro-2-nitrobenzene
l-Chloro-3-nitrobenzene
Cholestan-3-alpha-ol
Chrysene/Benz(a)anthracene
p-Cresol
4H-Cyclopenta(d,e,f)
phenanthrene
o-Cymene
Diacetone Alcohol
Dibenzofuran
Di-N-butyl phthal ate
1,2-Dichlorobenzene
1,3-Dichlorobenzene
1 ,4-Di chl orobenzene
l,3-Dichlorobenzene+l,4,
Dichlorobenzene
Dichlorobiphenyl (1)
Dichlorobiphenyl (2)
p.p-DDE
o.p-DDT
2,4-Dichloronitrobenzene
Sampling Site
31
2./
31.2
32
U.2
1.9
*
2U.fa
1.7
1.2
I./
33
16.2
1U.2
0.8
3b
U.3
25.0
22.9
8.6
*
3/
0.1
2/.9
18.4
O./
4U
14.*
11.9
0.6
41
0.2
*
*
29.1
I.I
43
0.2
34. /
21.2
*
44
b./
0.9
4b
20.
b.
4/.
2.8
48
4.1
tentative identification and approximate quantitation
C-21
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
Acenaphthene
Acenaphthylene
Aldrin
Benzeneacetal dehyde
alpha-BHC
beta-BHC
Benzo(b)fluoranthene
Benzo(g,h,i )f luoranthene
Benzo(a)fluorene 11H
Benzo(g,h,i )perylene
Benzo(a)pyrene
l.l'-Biphenyl
Butyl benzyl phtha 1 ate
t-butyl naphthalene
Butylphenol
p-t-butyl phenol
2-Chloroaniline
1-Chloroanthraquinone
Chlorobenzilate
2-Chloronaphthalene
l-Chloro-2-nitrobenzene
l-Chloro-3-nitrobenzene
Cholestan-3-alpha-ol
Chrysene/Benz(a)anthracene
p-Cresol
4H-Cyc1openta(d,e,f )
phenanthrene
o-Cymene
Di acetone Alcohol
Dibenzofuran
Di-N-butylphthalate
1 , 2-Di chl orobenzene
1 , 3-Di chl orobenzene
1 ,4-Di chl orobenzene
1 ,3-Dichl orobenzene+1 ,4,
Di chl orobenzene
Dichlorobiphenyl (1)
Dichlorobiphenyl (2)
p.p-DDE
o.p-DDT
2,4-Dichloronitrobenzene
Sampling Site
51
1.6
b2
4.9
1.8
*
*
b3
1.8
b4
$A
0.6
55
42.2
2.1
59.0
13.2
106.5
10.8
4.2*
1.7*
2.3
D55
49.0
2.5
19.4
13.
66.0
3.5
4.7*
2.2*
0.7
56
0.5
69.0
10.4
D56
0.5
0.27
57.1
[66.4
57
24.2
58
63.
16.7
*Tentative identification and approximate quantisation
C-22
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
Acenaphthene
Acenaphthylene
Aldrin
Benzeneaceta 1 dehyde
alpha-BHC
beta-BHC
Benzo b)fluoranthene
Benzo g,h,i Jfluoranthene
Benzo ajfluorene 11H
Benzo g,h,i )perylene
Benzo(a)pyrene
l,l'-Biphenyl
Butyl benzylphthalate
t-butyl naphthalene
Butyl phenol
p-t-butyl phenol
2-Chloroaniline
1-Chloroanthraquinone
Chi orobenzi late
2-Chloronaphthalene
l-Chloro-2-nitrobenzene
l-Chloro-3-nitrobenzene
Cholestan-3-alpha-ol
Chrysene/Benz(a)anthracene
p-Cresol
4H-Cyclopenta(d,e,f )
phenanthrene
o-Cymene
Diacetone Alcohol
Dibenzofuran
Di-N-butylphthalate
1,2-Dichlorobenzene
1,3-Dichlorobenzene
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
l,3-Dichlorobenzene+l,4,
Dichlorobenzene
Dichlorobiphenyl (1)
Dichlorobiphenyl (2)
p.p-DDE
o.p-DDT
2,4-Dichloronitrobenzene
Sampling Site
59
11.7
60
0.2
0.3
14.
38.3
*
61
2.4
65
0.07
*
*
16.7
66
0.03
1.1
6/
0.2
7.9
70
0.12
4.5
0.9
/I
0.2
6.5
0.3
D71
0.7
19.3
0.3
72
1.6
0.7
8.7*
9.6*
*Tentative identification and approximate quantisation
C-23
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
Acenaphthene
Acenaphthylene
Aldrin
Benzeneaceta 1 dehy de
alpha-BHC
beta-BHC
Benzo b)fluoranthene
Benzo g,h,i )fluoranthene
Benzo a)fluorene 11H
Benzo g,h,i )pery1ene
Benzo ajpyrene
l,l'-Biphenyl
Butyl benzyl phthal ate
t-butyl naphthalene
Butylphenol
p-t-butyl phenol
2-Chloroaniline
1-Chloroanthraquinone
Chi orobenzi late
2-Chl oronaphthal ene
l-Chloro-2-nitrobenzene
l-Chloro-3-nitrobenzene
Cholestan-3-alpha-ol
Chrysene/Benz (a )anthracene
p-Cresol
4H-Cyclopenta(d,e,f)
phenanthrene
o-Cymene
Diacetone Alcohol
Dibenzofuran
Di-N-butyl phthal ate
1,2-Dichlorobenzene
1 , 3-Di chl orobenzene
1 ,4-Di chl orobenzene
l,3-Dichlorobenzene+l,4,
Dichlorobenzene
Dichlorobiphenyl (1)
Dichlorobiphenyl (2)
p.p-DDE
o.p-DDT
2,4-Dichloronitrobenzene
Samplinq Site
73
0.6
6.1*
L59.5
74A
1.0
*
9.7
0.2
74B
1.4
75
7.1
0.6
76
78
80A
3.4*
0.3
81
82
0.9*
1.7*
1.7*
83
86
87
tentative identification and approximate quantitation
C-24
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
Acenaphthene
Acenaphthylene
Aldrin
Benzeneacetal dehyde
alpha-BHC
beta-BHC
Benzo(b)fluoranthene
Benzo(g,h,i )fluoranthene
Benzo(a)fluorene
Benzo(g,h,i )perylene
Benzo(a)pyrene
l.l'-Biphenyl
Butyl benzyl phthal ate
t-butyl naphthalene
Butyl phenol
p-t-butyl phenol
2-Chloroaniline
1-Chloroanthraquinone
Chlorobenzilate
2-Chloronaphthalene
l-Chloro-2-nitrobenzene
l-Chloro-3-nitrobenzene
Cholestan-3-alpha-ol
Chrysene/Benz a)anthracene
p-Cresol
4H-Cyclopenta(d,e,f )
phenanthrene
o-Cymene
Diacetone Alcohol
Dibenzofuran
Di-N-butyl phthal ate
1 , 2-Di chl orobenzene
1,3-Dichl orobenzene
1 ,4-Di ch 1 orobenzene
l,3-Dichlorobenzene+l,4,
Dichlorobenzene
Dichlorobiphenyl (1)
Dichlorobiphenyl (2)
p.p-DDE
o.p-DDT
2,4-Dichloronitrobenzene
Sampling Site
87A
27.
I./
0.9
1.4
89
89A
U.8
9U
91A
1500.*
1.3
91B
7700.*
91C
92
bb.4
U.J
b.2
17.5
21.4
U92
/.3
95
1.1
tentative identification and approximate quantitation
C-25
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
Dieldrin
Diethyl benzene
Di ethyl benzene (2)
Diethylphthalate
Dimethoxyanthracene
3,4-Dimethyl-l,!1 -biphenyl
4,5-Dimethyl -2-Cyclohexen
-1-one
Dimethyl dibenzofuran
2,6-Dimethyl -2,5-heptadien
-4-one
Dimethyl naphthalene
Dimethyl naphthalene (2)
1 ,4-Dimethyl naphthal ene
1 ,7-Dimethyl naphthalene
2, 7-Di methyl naphthal ene
4,9-dimethylnaphthothiophene
2,3-Dimethyl-2-pentene
3,4-Dimethyl-2-pentene
Dimethylphenanthrene
2,7-Dimethylphenanthrene
2,4-Dimethylphenol
1,3-Dioxane
Diphenyl ether
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine
Endosulfan I
Endosulfan II
Endrin
Epoxy (2 ,3 ,5 )
Cholestan-3 -ol
4-Ethyl-l,3-benzenediol
3-Ethyl-o-xylene
Bis(2-ethylhexyl )phthalate
Ethyltoluene
4-Ethyltoluene
Fluoranthene
Fluorene
Heptachlor
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachlorobutadiene
Hexadecanoic acid
Sampling Site
01
0.03
1.1
0.9
0.04
02
0.03
9.0
0.8
0.04
03
*
0.1
3.5*
1.4*
*
1.0
04
4.3*
28.*
0.9
1.8
05
*
34.*
90.*
*
*
2.8
07
08
*
13.*
*
0.8
0.7
10
*
7.2*
100.*
*
1.8
11
*
65.*
14.*
*
*
1.04
4.22
0.10
12
35.6
*
*
^Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
C-26
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
Dieldrin
Diethyl benzene
Diethyl benzene (2
Diethyl phthal ate
Dimethoxyanthracene
3 ,4-Dimethyl -1 , 1 ' -bi phenyl
4,5-Dimethyl-2-Cyclohexen
-1-one
Dimethyl dibenzofuran
2,6-Dimethyl-2,5-heptadien
-4-one
Dimethyl naphthalene
Dimethylnaphthalene (2)
1 ,4-Dimethyl naphthal ene
1 ,7-Dimethyl naphthal ene
2,7-Dimethyl naphthalene
4,9-dimethylnaphthothiophene
2,3-Dimethyl-2-pentene
3 ,4-Dimethyl -2-pentene
Dimethyl phenanthrene
2,7-Dimethylphenanthrene
2, 4-Dimethyl phenol
1,3-Dioxane
Diphenylether
1 ,2-Di phenyl hydrazi ne
Endosulfan I
Endosulfan II
Endrin
Epoxy (2 ,3 ,5 )
Cholestan-3 -ol
4-Ethyl -1 ,3-benzenediol
3-Ethyl-o-xylene
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
Ethyltoluene
4-Ethyltoluene
Fluoranthene
Fluorene
Heptachlor
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachlorobutadiene
Hexadecanoic acid
Sampling Site
D12
*
7.4
5.1
113.5
12
0.9*
1.8*
*
7.4
0.6
12
*
7.
0.5
13
*
2.3
*
16
3.7
19
0.2*
0.2*
3.0
22
0.3
0.3*
0.3*
0.3*
*
1.1
4.0
24
0.1
0.4*
0.2*
0.2*
*
26
0.3*
0.3*
0.3*
0.9*
1.0*
1.1*
0.2*
26.1
0.4*
0.6*
22.0
D26
0.2*
0.2*
0.6
7.04*
0.7*
0.8*
>.04*
0.2*
53.4
0.4*
0.6*
18.3
*Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
C-27
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
Dieldrin
. lethyl benzene
Diethylbenzene (I)
Diethylphthalate
Dimethoxyanthracene
3,4-Dimethyl-l,l'-biphenyl
4,5-Dimethyl-2-Cyclohexen
-1-one
Dimethyldibenzofuran
2,6-Dimethyl-2,5-heptadien
-4-one
Dimethyl naphthalene
Dimethylnaphthalene (3)
,4-Dimethyl naphthalene
, /-Dimethyl naphthalene
2, 7-Dimethyl naphthalene
4,9-Dimethylnaphthothiophene
2,3-Dimethyl-2-pentene
3,4-Dimethyl-2-pentene
Dimethylphenanthrene
2, /-Dimethylphenanthrene
2,4-Dimethylphenol
1,3-Dioxane
Diphenyl ether
1 ,2-Di pheny 1 hydrazi ne
tndosulfan I
Endosulfan II
Endnn
Epoxy (2 ,3 ,5 )
Cholestan-3 -ol
4-Ethyl-l,3-benzenediol
3-Ethyl-o-xylene
Bis(2-ethylhexyl )phthalate
Ethyltoluene
4-Ethyltoluene
Fluoranthene
Fluorene
Heptachlor
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachlorobutadiene
Hexadecanoic acid
Samplinq Site
27
*
9.2*
1.9
2.4
D2/
2.2*
1.9
2.4
31
*
1.2*
6.2*
3./*
/.«*
J3.4
1.1
32
*
U.3*
0.8*
1.8*
2.4*
*
34. /
I/. 3
*
33
0.3*
8.9
b.U
3b
*
U. /*
*
6.8
13.9
37
*
"*
22.9
9.8
40
17.*
13.1
6.3
41
*
0.5*
*
28.8
15.1
*
18.5*
43
3.1*
9.5*
17.5
13.1
0.4
^Tentative identification and approximate quantisation
C-28
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
Dieldrin
Diethylbenzene
Diethyl benzene 2)
Diethylphthalate
Dimethoxyanthracene
3,4-Dimethyl-l,l'-biphenyl
4,5-Dimethyl-2-Cyclohexen
-1-one
Dimethyl dibenzofuran
2 ,6-Dimethyl -2 ,5-heptadi en
-4-one
Dimethyl naphthal ene
Dimethyl naphthalene (2)
1,4-Dimethyl naphthal ene
1,7-Di methyl naphthal ene
2, 7-Dimethyl naphthal ene
4,9-Dimethylnaphthothiophene
2,3-Dimethyl-2-pentene
3 ,4-Dimethyl -2-pentene
Dimethyl phenanthrene
2 , 7-Dimethyl phenanthrene
2, 4-Dimethyl phenol
1,3-Dioxane
Diphenyl ether
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine
Endosulfan I
Endosulfan II
Endrin
Epoxy (2 ,3 ,5 )
Cholestan-3 -ol
4-Ethyl-l,3-benzenediol
3-Ethyl-o-xylene
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
Ethyl toluene
4-Ethyltoluene
Fluoranthene
Fluorene
Heptachlor
Hexachl orobenzene
Hexachlorobutadiene
Hexadecanoic acid
Sampling Site
44
2.3
45
9.3
16.9
48
O./
bl
0.3
*
1.6
I.I
b2
I.I
22.1
b3
1.2
1.8
1.4
b4
*
*
4.6
bb
*
0.8
4.4*
*
63.9
2.2
Ubb
*
O.b
4.3*
57.6
2.0
b6
13.1
1.0
*Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
C-29
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
leldrin
Di ethyl benzene
Di ethyl benzene (2)
Diethylphthalate
Dimethoxy anthracene
3,4-Dimethyl-l,l'-biphenyl
4,5-Dimethyl -2-Cyclohexen
-1-one
Dimethyldibenzofuran
2,6-Dimethyl-2,5-heptadien
-4-one
Dimethyl naphthalene
Dimethylnaphthalene (2)
1,4-Di methyl naphthalene
1,7-Di methyl naphthalene
2, 7-Dimethyl naphthalene
4,9-Dimethylnaphthothiophene
2,3-Dimethyl-2-pentene
3,4-Dimethyl-2-pentene
Dimethyl phenanthrene
2,7-Dimethylphenanthrene
2, 4-Di methyl phenol
1,3-Dioxane
Diphenylether
,2-Diphenylhydrazine
Endosulfan I
Endosulfan II
Endrin
Epoxy (2 ,3 ,5 )
Cholestan-3 -ol
4-Ethyl-l,3-benzenediol
3-Ethyl-o-xylene
Bis(2-ethylhexyl )phthalate
Ethyltoluene
4-Ethyltoluene
luoranthene
Fluorene
Heptachlor
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachlorobutadiene
Hexadecanoic acid
Sampling Site
D56
13.9
1.7
b/
b.b
b8
6.*
4.0
*
17.6
*
b9
10.7
60
2.8*
*
13.5
u./
61
.___..„
*
2.0
*
6b
*
*
b.b
66
0.45
2.4
67
*
1.1*
7.5
70
0.3*
1.7
4.5
tentative identification and approximate quantitation
C-30
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
Dieldrin
Diethyl benzene
Diethyl benzene (2)
Diethyl phthal ate
Dimethoxyanthracene
3,4-Dimethyl-l,l'-biphenyl
4,5-Dimethyl-2-Cyc1ohexen
-1-one
Dimethyl dibenzofuran
2,6-Dimethyl-2,5-heptadien
-4-one
Dimethyl naphthal ene
Dimethylnaphthalene (2)
1 ,4-Dimethyl naphthal ene
1 , 7-Dimethy 1 naphtha 1 ene
2, 7-Dimethyl naphthal ene
4,9-Dimethylnaphthothiophene
2,3-Dimethyl-2-pentene
3 ,4-Dimethyl -2-pentene
Dimethyl phenanthrene
2 , 7-Dimethyl phenanthrene
2,4-Dimethyl phenol
1,3-Dioxane
Diphenylether
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine
Endosulfan I
Endosulfan II
Endrin
Epoxy (2 ,3 ,5 )
Cholestan-3 -ol
4-Ethyl -1 ,3-benzenedi ol
3-Ethyl -o-xyl ene
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
Ethyl toluene
4-Ethyltoluene
Fluoranthene
Fluorene
Heptachlor
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachlorobutadiene
Hexadecanoic acid
Sampling Site
71
0.2*
/.2
D71
0.1*
2.8
11.8
3.0
72
*
1.6*
7.4*
*
5.8
50. 1
2.6
73
*
0.7*
*
8.b
74A
0.8*
3.4
0.6
74B
1.9
14.1
/b
0.2
3.7
76
1.2*
/8
0.2*
2.3*
1.8*
1.5*
80A
6.1*
1.1
*Tentative identification and approximate quantisation
C-31
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
Dieldrin
Di ethyl benzene
Diethyl benzene (2)
Diethylphthalate
Dimethoxy anthracene
3,4-Dimethyl-l,l'-biphenyl
4,5-Dimethyl-2-Cyclohexen
-1-one
Dimethyl dibenzofu ran
2,6-Dimethyl-2,5-heptadien
-4-one
Dimethyl naphthalene
Dimethylnaphthalene (2)
1,4-Dimethyl naphthalene
1 ,7-Dimethyl naphthalene
2, 7-Dimethyl naphthalene
4,9-Dimethylnaphthothiophene
2,3-Dimethyl-2-pentene
3 ,4-Dimethy 1 -2-pentene
Dimethyl phenanthrene
2,7-Dimethylphenanthrene
2, 4-Dimethyl phenol
1,3-Dioxane
Diphenylether
1 ,2-Di phenyl hydrazi ne
Endosulfan I
Endosulfan II
Endrin
Epoxy (2 ,3 ,5 )
Cholestan-3 -ol
4-Ethyl-l ,3-benzenediol
3-Ethyl-o-xylene
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
Ethyltoluene
4-Ethyl toluene
Fluoranthene
Fluorene
Heptachlor
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachlorobutadiene
Hexadecanoic acid
Sampling Site
81
31.*
82
2.2*
83
86
0.2*
87
0.8*
87A
*
1.9*
2.9*
*
4.2
7.5
U.b
*
89
1.*
89A
0.6
90
1.5*
91A
*Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
C-32
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
Dieldrin
Diethyl benzene
Diethyl benzene 2,
Di ethyl phthal ate
Dimethoxyanthracene
3,4-Dimethyl-l,l'-biphenyl
4,5-Dimethyl-2-Cyclohexen
-1-one
Dimethyl dibenzofuran
2,6-Dimethyl-2,5-heptadien
-4-one
Dimethyl naphthalene
Dimethyl naphthalene (2)
1,4-Dimethyl naphthalene
1 ,7-Dimethylnaphthalene
2, 7-Dimethyl naphthalene
4,9-Dimethylnaphthothiophene
2 ,3-Dimethyl -2-pentene
3 ,4-Dimethyl -2-pentene
Dimethyl phenanthrene
2, 7-Dimethyl phenanthrene
2, 4-Dimethyl phenol
1,3-Dioxane
Diphenylether
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine
Endosulfan I
Endosulfan II
Endrin
Epoxy (2 ,3 ,5 )
Cholestan-3 -ol
4-Ethyl -1 ,3-benzenediol
3-Ethyl-o-xylene
Bis(2-ethylhexyl )phthalate
Ethyl toluene
4-Ethyl toluene
Fluoranthene
Fluorene
Heptachlor
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachlorobutadiene
Hexadecanoic acid
Sampling Site
91B
0.5*
0.5
9 1C
92
*
*
19.7
14.1
U92
lb.1
7.0
9.6
9b
1.0
0.47
*Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
C-33
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
2,2,4,4,7,7-Hexamethyl-
octahydro-lH-indene
3-Hexen-2-one
Hydrocarbons
Indeno(l ,2,3-cd)pyrene
Isodrin
Lindane
Methyl anthracene
Methylbenzo(g,h,i )
fluoranthene
Methyl chrysene
4-Methyl di benzof uran
( 1-Methy 1 dodecy 1 ) benzene
Methyl f 1 uoranthene
Methyl fluoranthene (2)
1-Methyl -2-i sopropyl -
naphthalene
1-Methyl naphthalene
Methyl naphthalene
Methyl naphthalene (2)
2-Methyl -2-octen-4-one
Methyl phenanthrene
Methyl phenanthrene (2)
Methyl phenanthrene (3)
Bis(2-methylphenyl )diazine
Methyl pyrene
( 1-Methy ItridecylJ benzene
Mi rex
Naphthalene
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
2-Nitrotoluene
4-Nitrotoluene+4-
Chloraniline
Nonyl phenol
Pentachl orobenzene
Pentachlorobiphenyl '!]
Pentachl orobiphenyl i(2
Pentachlorobiphenyl (3
Pentachl orotol uene
Pentamethyl naphthal ene
t-Pentyl benzene
Sampling Site
01
370*
0.01
02
1000.*
0.02
03
570.*
9.1*
04
500.*
20.*
19.*
21.*
05
440.*
57.*
49.*
52.*
07
0.3*
08
120.*
*
10
52.*
38.*
11
360.*
19.*
2.6*
67.*
ie
*Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
C-34
-------
Table 2 (cent.)
Parameter
2,2,4,4,7,7 -Hexamet hyl -
octahydro-lH-indene
3-Hexen-2-one
Hydrocarbons
Indeno(JL,2,3-cd)pyrene
Isodrin
Lindane
Methylanthracene
Methyl benzo(g,h,i )
fluoranthene
Methyl chrysene
4-Methyldibenzofuran
(1-Methyldodecyl )benzene
Methyl fluoranthene
Methylfluoranthene [2)
1-Methyl -2-1 sopropyl -
naphthalene
1-Methyl naphthalene
Methylnaphthalene
Methylnaphthalene [2)
2-Methyl -2-octen-4-one
Methyl phenanthrene
Methylphenanthrene (2)
Methylphenanthrene (3)
Bis^2-methylphenyl )diazine
Methyl pyrene
^1-Methyltridecyl )benzene
Mi rex
Naphthalene
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
2-Nitrotoluene
4-Nitrotoluene+4-
Chloraniline
Nonylphenol
Pentachl orobenzene
Pentachlorobiphenyl (1)
Pentachl orobiphenyl (2
Pentachlorobiphenyl (3
Pentachl orotoluene
Pentamethyl naphthalene
t-Pentyl benzene
Sampling Site
12
270*
*
0.6
12
60.*
3.2*
3.*
2.5*
177.
13.9
280.*
100.*
540.*
1.5*
D12
58.*
3.3*
4.*
2.8*
239.1
21.3
290.*
100.*
600.*
2.*
12
82.*
*
0.4*
3.2
2.8
0.3*
12
14.*
2.2
4.4
0.2*
13
24.*
*
16
19
22.*
0.4*
0.2*
0.4
22
32.*
0.4*
0.4
24
29.*
0.3*
0.1
*Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
C-35
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
2,2,4,4,7,7-Hexamethyl-
octahydro-lH-indene
3-Hexen-2-one
Hydrocarbons
Indeno(l,2,3-cdjpyrene
Isodrin
Lindane
Methyl anthracene
Methyl benzo(g,h,i)
fluoranthene
Methyl chrysene
4-Methyldibenzofuran
( 1-Methyl dodecyl ) benzene
Methyl f 1 uoranthene
Methyl fluoranthene (2)
1-Methyl -2-i sopropyl -
naphthalene
1-Methyl naphthalene
Methyl naphthalene
Methylnaphthalene (2)
2-Methyl -2-octen-4-one
Methyl phenanthrene
Methyl phenanthrene (2)
Methyl phenanthrene (3)
Bis(2-methylphenyl )diazine
Methyl pyrene
jl-Methyltridecyl )benzene
Mirex
Naphthalene
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
2-Nitrotoluene
4-Nitrotoluene+4-
Chloraniline
Nonyl phenol
Pentachlorobenzene
Pentachlorobiphenyl 1
Pentachlorobiphenyl 2
Pentachlorobiphenyl 3
Pentachl orotol uene
Pentamethyl naphthalene
t-Pentyl benzene
Sampling Site
26
43.*
0.6*
0.2*
0.6*
0.8*
1.0*
1.3
2.0*
0.1*
D26
29.*
0.4*
0.3*
1.1*
>.04*
>.04*
1.1
3.9*
0.2*
27
55.*
*
0.6
D27
30.*
31
80.*
*
3.1*
6.3*
I./*
1.5*
10.*
11.*
3.6*
4.0
0.2
4.4
3.0
32
140.*
*
0.4*
0.3*
3.7*
0.7
1.5
6.5
3.5
33
2.9*
0.2
35
3.1*
37
0.8*
*
40
14.*
0.3
*Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
C-36
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
2,2,4,4,7,7-Hexamethyl-
octahydro-lH-i ndene
3-Hexen-2-one
Hydrocarbons
Indeno^l,2,3-cd)pyrene
Isodrin
Lindane
Methylanthracene
Methyl benzo(g,h,i )
f luoranthene
Methyl chrysene
4-Methyldibenzofuran
(1-Methyldodecyl )benzene
Methy If luoranthene
Methylfluoranthene (2)
1-Methyl -2-i sopropyl -
naphthalene
1-Methyl naphthalene
Methylnaphthalene
Methylnaphthalene (2)
2-Methyl-2-octen-4-one
Methy Iphenanthrene
Methylphenanthrene (2)
Methylphenanthrene (3)
Bis (2-methy Iphenyl )diazine
Methy Ipyrene
(1-Methyltridecyl )benzene
Mi rex
Naphthalene
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
2-Nitrotoluene
4-Nitroto1uene+4-
Chloraniline
Nonyl phenol
Pentach 1 orobenzene
Pentachlorobiphenyl 1)
Pentachlorobiphenyl 2)
Pentachlorobiphenyl (3)
Pentach lorotoluene
Pentamethyl naphthalene
t-Penty 1 benzene
41
2U.i
*
0.4
43
110.*
0.4
44
43.*
Sampling Site
45
180.*
*
2.8*
m
*
2.3
*
48
29.*
bl
2b.*
*
b2
*
b3
29.*
*
0.2
b4
13.*
*
55
10.*
6.*
6.8*
14.*
*
18.1
tentative identification and approx
C-37
imate quantitation
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
2,2,4,4,7,7-Hexamethyl-
octahydro-lH-indene
3-Hexen-2-one
Hydrocarbons
Indeno(J.,2,3-cd)pyrene
Isodrin
Lindane
Methylanthracene
Methyl benzo(g,h,i )
fluoranthene
Methylchrysene
4-Methyldibenzofuran
(^1-Methyldodecyl )benzene
Methyl fluoranthene
Methylfluoranthene (2)
1-Methyl -2-i sopropyl -
naphthalene
1-Methyl naphthalene
Methylnaphthalene
Methylnaphthalene (2)
2-Methyl -2-octen-4-one
Methyl phenanthrene
Methyl phenanthrene (2)
Methylphenanthrene (3)
Bisjj>-methylphenyl )diazine
Methyl pyrene
JJL-Methyltridecyl )benzene
Mi rex
Naphthalene
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
2-Nitrotoluene
4-Nitrotoluene+4-
Chloraniline
Nonyl phenol
Pentachlorobenzene
Pentachlorobiphenyl (1)
Pentachlorobiphenyl (2)
Pentachlorobiphenyl [3J
Pentachlorotoluene
Pentamethyl naphthalene
t-Pentyl benzene
Sampling Site
D55
9.4*
*
5.7*
6.3*
13*
*
23.0
56
20.*
1.4*
<0.04*
<0.04*
3.9
D56
3.4*
0.5*
0.1*
4.6*
4.3
57
21.*
7.8*
58
120.*
*
3.0*
1.7*
0.7
59
4.2*
*
0.4
60
*
1.1*
0.7*
O./*
2.0*
1.1
61
190.*
*
0.07
65
1.*
0.24
66
5.*
0.23
*Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
C-38
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
2,2,4,4,7,7-Hexamethyl-
octahydro-lH-indene
3-Hexen-2-one
Hydrocarbons
Indeno( 1 ,2,3-cd)pyrene
Isodrin
Lindane
Methyl anthracene
Methyl benzo(g,h,i)
fluoranthene
Methyl chrysene
4-Methyldibenzofuran
(1-Methyldodecyl ) benzene
Methyl f 1 uoranthene
Methyl fluoranthene (2)
1-Methyl -2-i sopropyl -
naphthalene
1-Methyl naphthalene
Methyl naphthalene
Methyl naphthalene (2)
2-Methyl -2-octen-4-one
Methyl phenanthrene
Methyl phenanthrene (2)
Methyl phenanthrene (3)
Bis(2-methylphenyl )diazine
Methyl pyrene
( 1-Methyl tridecyl}benzene
Mi rex
Naphthalene
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
2-Nitrotoluene
4-Nitrotoluene+4-
Chloraniline
Nonyl phenol
Pentachlorobenzene
Pentachlorobiphenyl 11
Pentachlorobiphenyl i2
Pentachlorobiphenyl (3
Pentachlorotoluene
Pentamethy 1 naphthal ene
t-Pentyl benzene
Sampling Site
67
310.*
*
0.1
70
27.*
4.1*
0.3
71
0.3*
D7T
4.3*
/2
83.*
*
3.5*
10.*
0.6*
0.8
*
73
260.*
0.3
0.9
74A
29.*
1.2
74B
37.*
0.8*
FoTS*
^2.2*
3.1
75
5.3*
0.1*
0.8
/fa
*Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
C-39
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
2,2,4,4,7,7-Hexamethyl-
octahydro-lH-indene
3-Hexen-2-one
Hydrocarbons
Indeno(l,2,3-cd)pyrene
Isodrin
Lindane
Methylanthracene
Methyl benzo(g,h,i )
fluoranthene
Methylchrysene
4-Methyldibenzofuran
(1-Methyldodecyl ) benzene
Methylfluoranthene
Methyl fluoranthene (2)
1-Methyl -2-i sopropyl -
naphthalene
1-Methyl naphtha 1 ene
Methylnaphthalene
Methylnaphthalene (2)
2-Methyl-2-octen-4-one
Methyl phenanthrene
Methylphenanthrene (2.
Methylphenanthrene (3
Bis (2-methy Ipheny 1 Jdiazine
Methyl pyrene
(1-Methyltridecyl )benzene
Mi rex
Naphthalene
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
2-Nitrotoluene
4-Nitrotoluene+4-
Chloraniline
Nonylphenol
Pentachlorobenzene
Pentachlorobiphenyl (1
Pentachlorobiphenyl (2
Pentachlorobiphenyl (3
Pentachlorotoluene
Pentamethyl naphthalene
t-Penty Ibenzene
Sampling Site
78
80A
1.3
0.3*
81
82
83
86
87
87A
7.2*
75.*
*
2.*
0.6*
3.1
89
89A
J3.8
tentative identification and approximate quantitation
C-40
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
2,2,4,4,7,7-Hexamethyl-
octahydro-lH-indene
3-Hexen-2-one
Hydrocarbons
Indeno(l,2,3-cd)pyrene
Isodrin
Lindane
Methyl anthracene
Methyl benzo(g,h,i)
fluoranthene
Methyl chrysene
4-Methyldibenzofuran
(1-Methyldodecyl) benzene
Methyl f 1 uoranthene
Methyl fluoranthene
1-Methyl -2-i sopropy'
naphthalene
1-Methyl naphthal ene
Methyl naphthal ene
2)
—
Methyl naphthal ene (2)
2-Methyl -2-octen-4-one
Methyl phenanthrene
Methyl phenanthrene
Methyl phenanthrene
2
3
Bis(2-methylphenyl )diazine
Methyl pyrene
( 1-Methyl tridecyl)benzene
Mi rex
Naphthalene
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
2-Nitrotoluene
4-Nitrotoluene+4-
Chloraniline
Nonyl phenol
Pentachl orobenzene
Pentachlorobiphenyl
Pentachlorobiphenyl
i 1
'2
Pentachlorobiphenyl ^
Pentachl orotoluene
Pentamethy 1 naphthal ene
t-Pentyl benzene
Sampling Site
90'
91A
0.7
0.04*
91B
9 1C
0.4
0.04*
92
49.*
*
D92
4b.*
95
0.3*
27.*
0.1
0.2
*Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
C-41
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
1-Pentyl heptyl benzene
Perylene
Phenanthrene/Anthracene
Phenol
Phenylacetic Acids
Pyrene
Tetrachlorobenzene
Tetrachlorobenzene (2)
Tetrachlorobiphenyl i
Tetrachlorobiphenyl
Tetrachlorobiphenyl
Tetrachlorobiphenyl
Tetrachlorobiphenyl
1
2
3
4
b
tetradecanoic acid
Tetrad if on
Tetramethyl benzene
Tetramethyl benzene 1[2~
(Tetramethyl butyl ) phenol
4(1, 1 ,3 ,3-tetramethyl butyl )
phenol
Tetramethyl naphtha! ene
o-Toluidine
p-Toluidine
l,2,4,5-Triazine+2-Butyl-
thiophene
1 ,2 ,4-Trichl orobenzene
Trichlorobiphenyl 1
Trichlorobiphenyl 2
Trichlorobiphenyl 3
2,3,3-Trimethylbutene
Trimethyl -2-Cyclohexen-l-one
4,4,5-Trimethyl-2-hexene
Trimethylnaphthalene
Trimethylnaphthalene (2)
Trimethyl phenanthrene
Trimethyl phosphate
(1,2,3-Trimethyl )-4-Propenyl
naphthalene
Trinitrophenol
Trinitrophenol 2)
"rinitrophenol 3)
Zytron
Sampling Site
01
0.4
8.8*
0.8
02
O.b
0.6
03
0.25*
0.6
1.0
*
*
*
*
2.8*
9.2*
*
04
0.8
2.8
29.*
14.*
6.2*
11.*
05
1.2
4.0
*
32.*
lb.*
/9.*
*
O/
08
0.4
1.0
*
*
*
10.*
*
10
1.5
1.3
*
*
*
*
29.*
HP*
*
11
3.56
3.05
*
*
*
*
57.*
29.*
*
12
15.4
26.7
*
*
*
*
*
60.*
*
*Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
C-42
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
1-Pentylheptyl benzene
Perylene
Phenanthrene/Anthracene
Phenol
Phenyl acetic Acids
Pyrene
Tetrachlorobenzene
Tetrachlorobenzene (2)
Tetrachlorobiphenyl (1
Tetrachlorobiphenyl (2
Tetrachlorobiphenyl (3
Tetrachlorobiphenyl (4
Tetrachlorobiphenyl (_5
Tetradecanoic acid
Tetradifon
Tetramethyl benzene
Tetramethyl benzene (2)
(Tetramethyl butyl Jphenol
4(l,l,3,3-tetramethylbutyl )
phenol
Tetramethyl naphthalene
o-l olui dine
p-Toluidine
l,2,4,5-Triazine+2-Butyl-
thiophene
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
Trichlorobiphenyl (1)
Trichlorobiphenyl (2)
Trichlorobiphenyl (3)
2,3,3-Trimethylbutene
Trimethyl-2-Cyclohexen-l-one
4,4,5-Trimethyl-2-hexene
Tri methyl naphthalene
Trimethylnaphthalene (2)
Trimethylphenanthrene
Tri methyl phosphate
(1,2,3-Trimethyl )-4-Propenyl
naphthalene
Trinitrophenol
Trinitrophenol (2)
Trinitrophenol (3)
Zy t ron
Sampling Site
12
11.0
910.*
9.8*
182.3
D12
16.3
5.2
1000.*
9.9*
242.8
12
2.3
6.3
1.6*
1.3*
0.9*
5.1
1.6*
12
2.5
b./
0.2*
0.4*
1.3
13
1.2
I.I
16
2.2
19
1.9
2.4
1.2*
22
0.6*
2.3
3.5
24
0.5
*
0.3*
0.3*
1.2*
*Tentative identification and approximate quantisation
C-43
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
1-Pentyl heptyl benzene
Perylene
Phenanthrene/Anthracene
Phenol
Phenylacetic Acids
Pyrene
Tet rach 1 oroben zene
Tetrachlorobenzene (2)
Tetrachlorobiphenyl l|
Tetrachlorobiphenyl 2
Tetrachlorobiphenyl 3
Tetrachlorobiphenyl 4(
Tetrachlorobiphenyl B|
Tetradecanoic acid
Tetradifon
Tetramethyl benzene
Tetramethyl benzene (2)
(Tetramethyl butyl ) phenol
4(1,1, 3, 3-tetramethyl butyl)
phenol
Tetramethyl naphthalene
o-Toluidine
p-Toluidine
l,2,4,5-Triazine+2-Butyl-
thiophene
1 ,2 ,4-Tri chl orobenzene
Trichlorobiphenyl i'i
Trichlorobiphenyl |2)
Trichlorobiphenyl \3)
2,3 ,3-Trimethyl butene
Trimethyl-2-Cyclohexen-l-one
4,4,5-Trimethyl-2-hexene
Trimethyl naphthalene
Trimethylnaphthalene (2)
Trimethyl phenanthrene
Trimethyl phosphate
(l,2,3-Trimethyl)-4-Propenyl
naphthalene
Trinitrophenol
Trinitrophenol (2
Trinitrophenol (3
Zytron
Sampling Site
26
11.7
20.0
0.3*
0.3*
2.8*
0.8*
0.9*
D26
7.5
15.9
1.3*
0.8*
1.0*
27
1.4
2.2
D27
1.3
2.1
31
23.5
^47.9
1.8
0.6
0.6
2.1
*
b.b*
32
8.0
22.2
5.2
2.3
2.9
4.8
*
1.4
0.8
12.9
_JJL7*j
178*1
33
1.8
4.8
35
8.0
10.4
*
*
37
3.5
9.5
*
*
*
40
9.0
5.6
*Tentative identification and approximate quantitation
C-44
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
1-Pentylheptyl benzene
Perylene
Phenanthrene/Anthracene
Phenol
Phenyl acetic Acids
Pyrene
Tetrachlorobenzene
Tetrachlorobenzene (2)
Tetrachlorobiphenyl 1
Tetrachlorobiphenyl 2
Tetrachlorobiphenyl 3
Tetrachlorobiphenyl 4
Tetrachlorobiphenyl 5
Tetradecanoic acid _j
Tetradifon
Tetramethyl benzene
Tetramethyl benzene (2)
(Tetramethyl butyl )phenol
4(l,l,3,3-tetramethylbutyl )
phenol
Tetramethyl naphthalene
o-Toluidine
p-Toluidine
l,2,4,5-Triazine+2-Butyl-
thiophene
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
Trichlorobiphenyl (1)
Trichlorobiphenyl (2J
Trichlorobiphenyl (3)
2,3,3-Trimethylbutene
Trimethyl-2-Cyclohexen-l-one
4, 4, 5-Tri met hy l-2-hexene
Tri methyl naphthalene
Trimethylnaphthalene [2)
Trimethylphenanthrene
Trimethylphosphate
(1,2,3-Trimethyl )-4-Propenyl
naphthalene
Trinitrophenol
Trinitrophenol
Trinitrophenol
\Zl
[3j
Zytron
Sampling Site
41
5.8
12.3
*
*
6.9b
43
O" "
10.3
71.5*
44
1.4
2.b
4b
11. /
lfa.9
48
U.b
. bl
0.6
U
b2
4.0
20.
*
b3
O.b
*
b4
2.3
O.b
55
14.3
49.6
1.9*
tentative identification and approximate quantitation
C-45
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
1-Pentyl heptyl benzene
Perylene
Phenanthrene/Anthracene
Phenol
Phenylacetic Acids
Pyrene
Tetrachlorobenzene
Tetrachlorobenzene (2)
Tetrachlorobiphenyl '11
Tetrachlorobiphenyl 2
Tetrachlorobiphenyl 3
Tetrachlorobiphenyl 4
Tetrachlorobiphenyl (5
Tetradecanoic acid
Tetradifon
Tetramethylbenzene
Tetramethyl benzene 2)
(Tetramethyl butyl) phenol
4(1,1, 3, 3-tetramethyl butyl )
phenol
Tetramethyl naphtha ene
o-Toluidine
p-Toluidine
l,2,4,5-Triazine+2-Butyl-
thiophene
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
Trichlorobiphenyl 1
Trichlorobiphenyl 2
Trichlorobiphenyl 3
2,3,3-Trimethylbutene
Trimethyl -2-Cycl ohexen-1-one
4,4,5-Trimethyl-2-hexene
Trimethyl naphthalene
Trimethylnaphthalene 2
Trimethyl phenanthrene
Trimethyl phosphate
(l,2,3-Trimethyl)-4-Propenyl-
naphthalene
Trinitrophenol
Trinitrophenol (2
Trinitrophenol (3
Zytron
Sampling Site
D55
16.7
48.8
*
*
4.8*
bb
8.6
2.b
Ubb
11.9
13.5
b/
4.2
b.b
58
5.8
14.0
0.5
1.4
1.3
2.2
*
5.6*
*
b9
5.7
7.5
*
*
*
*
6U
11.8
10.5
*
*
I./*
*
61
1.2
1.6
*
*
bb
1.2
5.7
•k
66
0.8
2.7
tentative identification and approximate quantitation
C-46
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
1-Pentylheptyl benzene
Perylene
Phenanthrene/Anthracene
Phenol
Phenyl acetic Acids
Pyrene
Tetrachlorobenzene
Tetrachlorobenzene (2)
Tetrachlorobiphenyl 1,
Tetrachlorobiphenyl 2]
Tetrachlorobiphenyl 3
Tetrachlorobiphenyl 4,
Tetrachlorobiphenyl 5
Tetradecanoic acid
Tetradifon
Tetramethyl benzene
Tetramethyl benzene (2)
(Tetramethyl butyl )phenol
4(l,l,3,3-tetramethylbutyl )
phenol
Tetramethyl naphthalene
o-Toluidine
p-Toluidine
1, 2,4, 5-Triazine+2 -Butyl -
thiophene
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
Trichlorobiphenyl 1(
Trichlorobiphenyl 2
Trichlorobiphenyl 3
2,3,3-Trimethylbutene
Trimethyl-2-Cycl ohexen-1-one
4,4,5-Trimethy l-2-hexene
Tri methyl naphthalene
Trimethylnaphthalene (2)
Trimethylphenanthrene
Tri methyl phosphate
(1,2,3-Trimethyl )-4-l:rropenyl -
naphthalene
Trinitrophenol
Trinitrophenol (2)
Trinitrophenol (3)
Zytron
Sampling Site
67
3.1
6.9
*
*
*
/o
4.1
4.2
5.6*
/I
3.5
6.3
U/l
b.2
9.3
/2
26.3
38. b
73
5.6
0.7*
6.4
5.9
1.1
0.9
4.0
MA
U.8
3.b
2.6*
MB
1.6
10.2
/b
1.4
3.3
76
16.9
1.1*
tentative identification and approximate quantitation
C-47
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
1-Pentyl heptyl benzene
Perylene
Phenanthrene/Anthracene
Phenol
Phenyl acetic Acids
Pyrene
Tetrachlorobenzene
Tetrachlorobenzene (2)
Tetrachlorobiphenyl (1
Tetrachlorobiphenyl (2
Tetrachlorobiphenyl (3
Tetrachlorobiphenyl 4
Tetrachlorobiphenyl 5
Tetradecanoic acid
)
Tetradifon
Tetramethyl benzene
Tetramethyl benzene (2
(Tetramethyl butyl )phenol
4(l,ls3,3-tetramethylbutyl )
phenol
Tet ramethy 1 naphthal ene
o-Toluidine
p-Toluidine
l,2,4,5-Triazine+2-Butyl -
thiophene
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
Trichlorobiphenyl 1
Trichlorobiphenyl ^
Trichlorobiphenyl (3
2,3,3-Trimethylbutene
Trimethyl-2-Cyclohexen-l-one
4,4,5-Trimethyl-2-hexene
Tri methyl naphthal ene
Trimethylnaphthalene 2)
Trimethylphenanthrene
Trimethylphosphate
(1,2,3-Trimethyl )-4-Propenyl -
naphthalene
Trinitrophenol
Trinitrophenol 2)
Trinitrophenol 3[
Zytron
Sampling Site
78
U.b
l.b*
1.
l.b*
8UA
0.8
O./*
4.1*
1.1
81
82
3.1*
,
18.*
83
86
8/
8/A
1.8
b.8
U.3
2.0
1.1
l.U
1.8*
89
89A
0.2*
tentative identification and approximate quantitation
C-48
-------
Table 2 (cont.)
Parameter
1-Pentyl heptyl benzene
Perylene
Phenanthrene/Anthracene
Phenol
Phenylacetic Acids
Pyrene
Tetrachlorobenzene
' etrachlorobenzene 2
Tetrachlorobipheny 1
Tetrachlorobiphenyl 2,
Tetrachlorobiphenyl 3)
Tetrachlorobiphenyl "4^
Tetrachlorobiphenyl 5j
Tetradecanoic acid
Tetradifon
tetramethyl benzene
Tetramethyl benzene (2)
(Tetramethyl butyl )phenol
4(l,l)3,3-tetramethylbutyl)
phenol
Tetramethyl naphthal ene
o-Toluidine
p-Toluidine
l,2,4,5-Triazine+2+Butyl-
thiophene
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
Trichlorobiphenyl Tj
Trichlorobiphenyl 2
Trichlorobiphenyl 3)
2,3,3-Trimethylbutene
Trimethyl -2-Cyclohexen-l-one
4,4,5-Trimethyl-2-hexene
Trimethyl naphthal ene
Trimethyl naphthalene (2)
Trimethylphenanthrene
Trimethylphosphate
(1,2,3-Trimethyl )-4-Propenyl -
naphthalene
Trinitrophenol
Trinitrophenol (2)
Trinitrophenol (3)
Zytron
Sampling Site
90
0.8*
91A
U.2*
0.7
0.9*
9iB
91C
0.1*
0.3
92
3.2
13.9
*
D92
4.4
11.4
6.1*
9b
0.22
1.1*
^Tentative identification and approximate quantisation
C-49
-------
Table 3
Concentrations of PCBs and Pesticides in Sediments
of the Buffalo and Niagara Rivers, New York - 1981.
(All values are mg/kg dry weight)
Parameter
Aroclor 1248
Aroclor 1254
Aroclor 1260
Total PCBs
o,p - DDE
p,p - DDE
o,p - ODD
p,p - ODD
o,p - DDT
p,p - DDT
Total DDT
gamma - Chlordane
alpha - Chlordane
oxy - Chlordane
Total Chlordane
DC PA
Heptachlor Epoxide
beta - BHC
gamma - BHC (Lindane)
Hexachlorobenzene
Mi rex
Methoxychlor
Aldrin
Dieldrin
Endrin
alpha-findosulfan
beta-Endosulfan
Zytron
Di-N-Butyl Phthalate
Trifluralin
Chlorobenzi late
Sampling Site
01
<0.04
<0.02
<0.02
<0.04
<0.022
0.001
<0.003
0.006
<0.008
0.004
0.011
0. 004
<0.002
<0.004
0.004
0.036
<0.002
0.006
<0.002
<0.002
0.003
<0.02
<0.002
<0.001
<0.002
<0.002
<0.009
<0.012
0.771
<0.005
0.039
V
"0.0"02
0.009
0.352
T:oi7
11
0.12
>
0.12
>
0.013
0.006
0.014
___ _s
<0.004
OVOT3
0.013
>
0.007
0.020
<0.006
0.017
0.088
-----_•.'>-
0.004
<0.02
>
0.001
>
<0.002
0.012
\
0.349
0.006
n nno
C-50
-------
Table 3 (cont.)
Parameter
Aroclor 1248
Aroclor 1254
Aroclor 1260
Total PCBs
o,p - DDE
p,p - DDE
o,p - ODD
p,p - ODD
o,p - DDT
p,p - DDT
Total DDT
gamma - Chlordane
alpha - Chlordane
oxy - Chlordane
Total Chlordane
DC PA
Heptachlor Epoxide
beta - BHC
gamma - BHC (Lindane)
Hexachlorobenzene
Mi rex
Methoxychlor
Aldrin
Dieldrin
Endrin
alpha-Endosulfan
beta-Endosulfan
Zytron
Di-N-Butyl Phthalate
Triflural in
Phlnrnhonyilato
Sampling Site
12
1.72
1.45
<0.054
3.17
<0.022
0.082
0.05
<0.002
<0.005
0.011
0.143
0.088
<0.002
<0.001
0.088
<0.002
0.147
<0.006
<0.001
1.14
0.05
<0.008
<0.002
0.083
0.267
0.015
0.074
0.577
0.536
<0.002
^n.nn?
12
0.26
0.4
0.56
1.22
<0.001
0.125
16.09*
0.353
<0.003
1.84
2.318
0.301
<0.001
0.301
<0.001
0.216
0.135
0.298
58.713
0.266
<0.002
<0.001
<0.001
<0.003
0.153
<0.001
2.09
0.053
12
1.39
0.75
0.64
2.78
0.015
0.001
<0.001
0.008
0.007
0.03
0.008
0.008
<0.001
0.005
0.006
<0.001
0.626
0.008
<0.002
0.01
0.018
0.07
<0.005
12
Bottom
1.19
0.82
0.61
2.62
0.16
0.004
<0.001
0.012
0.005
0.04
0.010
>
0.010
0.003
0.005
<0.001
0.008
0.672
0.082
0.136
\
--w_\
_.-__^
0.019
0.037
0.372
>
13
0.02
0.053
0.073
0.005
0.001
0.01
0.009
0.008
0.033
0.004
0.003
0.007
0.004
0.014
0.006
<0.001
<0.008
<0.002
<0.2
<0.01
<0.001
<0.006
0.492
<0.002
16
0.015
0.034
0.049
0.005
<0.001
0.003
0.005
0.008
0.021
0.002
0.001
0.003
0.003
0.006
0.001
0.02
0.006
0.563
19
0.02
0.059
. \
0.079
0.002
<0.001
0.002
<0.005
0.001
0.005
0.001
<0.001
0.001
0.002
<0.006
<0.001
<0.008
0.007
0.091
22
0.036
0.0998
0.054
0.1898
0.007
0.002
0.012
0.006
0.027
0.004
0.006
0.010
0.006
0.014
<0.001
0.017
0.018
0.149
24
0.024
0.043
<0.054
0.067
0.004
XO-OOll
0.01
_ ...S
0.006
0.020
0.003
>
0.004
0.007
\
S
0.004
0.009
\
<0.001
„__ \
0.008
>
s
„ „_*>
_>
__,„>
0.012
0.09
_____>
_ _\
*Not confirmed by GC/MS
C-51
-------
Table 3 (cont.)
Parameter
Aroclor 1248
Aroclor 1254
Aroclor 1260
Total RGBs
o,p - DDE
p,p - DDE
o,p - ODD
p,p - ODD
o,p - DDT
p,p - DDT
Total DDT
gamma - Chlordane
alpha - Chlordane
oxy - Chlordane
Total Chlordane
DC PA
Heptachlor Epoxide
beta - BHC
qamma - BHC (Lindane
Hexachlorobenzene
Mi rex
Methoxychlor
Aldrin
Dieldrin
Endrin
alpha-Endosulfan
beta-Endosulfan
Zyt ron
Di-N-Butyl Phthalate
Trifuralin
Chlorbenzilate
Sampling Site
26
0.84
1.28
<0.054
2.12
0.022
0.069
<0.001
0.075
<0.005
0.039
0.205
0.012
<0.002
<0.001
0.012
<0.002
0.091
<0.006
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
0.127
<0.002
<0.001
<0.02
<0.01
<0.001
0.273
0.497
<0.002
<0.002
27
<0.27
0.08
0.04
0.12
0.04
0.032
0.01
0.02
0.022
0.044
0.168
0.01
0.006
0.016
0.002
0.30
0.013
0.004
0.002
<0.004
0.037
>
<0.003
<0.001
0.003
0.044
<0.4
<0.06
31
<0.27
2.4
0.69
3.09
<0.02
<0.018
<0.01
<0.014
<0.02
<0.02
<0.02
<0.01
<0.006
<0.006
0.005
<0.01
<0.01
<0.004
<0.002
0.017
<0.03
0.012
>
>
0.014
<0.04
>
\
32
7.4
7.5
1.35
16.25
0.663
0.218
0.294
0.231
<0.02
<0.02
1.406
0.130
i_ 0.896
1.026
0.007
0.301
<0.01
0.734
0.101
<0.004
0.139
0.012
<0.003
<0.001
0.014
3.902
<0.04
<0.06
33
0.71
0.54
0.12
1.37
0.118
0.027
0.011
0.053
<0.02
0.209
0.03
0.055
0.085
0.006
0.023
0.055
<0.004
<0.002
%
<0.03
<0.001
0.003
0.006
<0.04
35
<0.27
0.41
0.02
0.43
0.172
<0.018
0.03
0.014
0.039
0.255
0.021
L0.107
0.128
0.002
0.042
<0.01
0.044
0.003
0.009
<0.003
0.018
0.46 J
37
0.77
1.09
0.38
2.24
0.117
0.018
0.018
0.066
<0.02
0.219
0.047
L 0.026
0.073
0 . 004
0.014
0.038
<0.004
<0.002
— — — — _ %
0.013
<0.04
40
0.68
0.53
0.13
1.34
0.113
0.036
0.023
0.054
>
^0^226
0.027
0.054
0.081
0.005
0.023
0.052
>
— __>
0.004
>
0.01
0.292
__„-_">
41
0.34
0.39
0.11
0.84
0.079
0.028
0.019
0.025
>
0.022
0.173
0.023
._>
<0.006
0.023
0.005
0.022
<0.01
0.05
0.006
0.01
0.04
----->
>
->
>
0.016
0.064
- — •->
C-52
-------
Table 3 (cont.)
Parameter
Aroclor 1248
Aroclor 1254
Aroclor 1260
Total PCBs
o,p - DDE
p,p - DDE
o,p - ODD
p,p - ODD
o,p - DDT
p,p - DDT
Total DDT
gamma - Chlordane
alpha - Chlordane
oxy - Chlordane
Total Chlordane
DC PA
Heptachlor Epoxide
beta - BHC
gamma - BHC^Lindane)
Hexachl orobenzene
Mi rex
Methoxychlor
Aldrin
Dieldrin
Endrin
alpha-Endosulfan
beta-Endosulfan
Zytron
DI-N-Butyl Phthalate
Trifluralin
f!hl nrnhpn7i'l atp
Sam
43
0.27
0.36
0.11
0.74
0.061
0.027
0.016
0.025
<0.02
0.024
0.153
0.022
<0.002
<0.006
0.022
0.015
0.02
<0.01
0.008
0.004
0.011
<0.03
<0.002
<0.001
0.005
<0.001
<0.003
<0.04
0.474
<0.06
.nn?
44
0.14
<0.02
<0.02
0.14
0.021
0.01
0.005
0.015
<0.2
0.007
0.058
0.011
0.004
0.015
<0.002
0.01
0.023
<0.002
0.002
0.003
<0.002
<0.002
0.004
0.081
0.616
0.022
45
0.12
___s
\
0.12
0.035
0.05
0.01
0.063
0.008
0.166
0.029
0.013
0.045
0.02
0.07
V
r
<0.002
0.02
__ \
<0.004
0.21
1.76
0.008
48
0.07
<0.02
<0.02
0.07
0.006
0.007
0.001
<0.01
<0.007
0.014
<0.006
<0.003
<0.006
0.01
<0.01
<0.002
<0.002
0.002
0.002
<0.004
0.015
0.77
<0.008
3l1ng Site
51
0.09
0.09
0.012
0.011
0.007
0.012
0.009
0.051
0.009
0.004
0.013
0.009
0.019
0.003
<0.002
0.005
0.055
0.55
s
52
0.33
0.33
0.039
0.03
0.024
0.102
0.014
0.209
0.041
0.011
0.052
0.018
0.066
0.01
<0.002
_-___%
0.01
0.18
0.93
0.038
53
0.10
0.10
0.012
0.018
0.005
0.028
0.036
0.099
0.006
0.006
0.012
0.018
0.01
0.004
0.008
0.001
<0.004
0.036
1.08
<0.008
54
0.14
0.14
0.04
0.027
0.009
0.075
s
0.018
0.169
0.007
0.011
0.018
0.017
0.019
0.007
0.217
0.001
0.007
0.045
0.95
55
0.08
__\
s
0.08
0.10
0.125
0.012
0.238
0.2
<0.007
0.675
0.014
\
<0.003
0.014
« _--^
0.014
<0.01
\
\
0.03
<0.002
_____^
.S,
__ _-.^
0.029
0.253
1.37
s
•>
C-53
-------
Table 3 (cont.)
Parameter
Aroclor 1248
Aroclor 1254
Aroclor 1260
Total PCBs
o,p - DDE
p,p - DDE
o,p - ODD
p,p - ODD
o,p - DDT
p,p - DDT
Total DDT
gamma - Chlordane
alpha - Chlordane
oxy - Chlordane
Total Chlordane
DC PA
Heptachlor Epoxide
beta - BHC
gamma - BHC (Lindaney
Hexachlorobenzene
Mi rex
Methoxychlor
Aldrin
Dieldrin
Endrin
alpha-Endosulfan
beta-Endosulfan
Zytron
DI-N-Butyl Phthalate
Trifluralin
Phi nfnhomi 1 a to
Sampling Site
56
0.05
0.09
0.09
0.23
0.04
<0.01
<0.002
<0.01
<0.002
<0.002
0.04
<0.003
<0.002
<0.002
<0.003
<0.002
<0.006
<0.01
<0.001
<0.001
0.011
<0.03
<0.002
<0.002
<0.001
<0.003
0.009
<0.016
<0.08
<0.002
0.017
0.187
0.03
_\
0.044
0.047
s
0.07
0.04
0.02
0.003
0.007
s
s
s
s
0.007
0.22
0.18
s
>
C-54
-------
Table 3 (cont.)
Parameter
Aroclor 1248
Aroclor 1254
Aroclor 1260
Total PCBs
o,p - DDE
p.p - DDE
o,p - ODD
p,p - ODD
o,p - DDT
p,p - DDT
Total DDT
gamma - Chlordane
alpha - Chlordane
oxy - Chlordane
Total Chlordane
DC PA
Heptachlor Epoxide
beta - BHC
gamma - BHC (Lindane)
Hexachl orobenzene
Mi rex
Methoxychlor
Aldn'n
Dieldrin
Endrin
alpha-Endosulfan
beta-Endosulfan
Zytron
Di-N-Butyl Phthalate
Triflural in
Phi nrnhoriTi 1 atp
Sampling Site
70
0.23
0.15
0.06
0.44
0.017
<0.003
0.009
0.024
<0.002
0.003
0.053
0.009
<0.002
<0.03
0.009
0.002
0.004
0.055
<0.01
<0.002
0.004
<0.002
<0.002
0.002
0.001
<0.001
0.003
0.079
0.27
<0.002
72
10.2
7.8
2.5
20.5
0.035
0.034
0.036
<0.001
<0.003
0.035
0.140
0.073
<0.001
0.073
<0.002
<0.002
<0.008
<0.004
0.152
<0.002
0.083
<0.002
<0.001
<0.003
<0.02
<0.003
0.133
1.54
0.056
73
8.62
9.0
2.71
20.33
0.73
0.18
0.53
0.34
<0.002
0.098
1.878
<0.004
1.71
1.71
<0.001
1.0
1.23
3.25
0.48
0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.003
6.89
0.05
<0.002
74A
1.37
1.25
0.73
3.35
0.004
0.004
0.003
0.001
0.004
<0.001
0.02
0.003
0.004
0.007
0.001
0.003
0.007
0.001
0.038
0.002
0.005
<0.001
<0.003
<0.02
0.003
0.023
0.052
<0.005
74B
0.03
<0.02
<0.02
0.03
<0.001
<0.001
0.001
0.004
<0.003
<0.001
0.005
0.004
<0.001
0.004
<0.001
<0.001
0.002
<0.001
0.003
0.005
0.002
0.001
_____">
____^
_ S
0.006
0.005
0.026
__ X
75
2.73
0.78
0.16
3.67
0.067
0.036
0.017
0.014
<0.002
0.002
0.136
<0.004
0.033
0.033
0.034
<0.01
0.015
0.002
0.004
<0.002
<0.002
0.002
0.004
<0.001
0.006
0.167
0.33
<0.002
76
0.94
0.29
0.10
1.33
0.022
<0.003
0.012
<0.01
<0.002
0.034
s
0.033
0.033
\
0.025
<0.01
0.031
0.006
0.003
<0.001
<0.001
<0.003
0.154
0.24
78
2.03
1.21
0.55
3.79
0.09
<0.003
0.114
0.165
V
'
<0.002
0.369
0.102
S
0.11
0.11
0.006
0.019
0.127
<0.01
<0.002
0.017
., ____A
s
0.005
s
<0.003
0.605
0.68
__. s
„ A
C-55
-------
Table 3 (cont.)
Parameter
Aroclor 1248
Aroclor 1254
Aroclor 1260
Total PCBs
o,p - DDE
p,p - DDE
o,p - ODD
p,p - ODD
o,p - DDT
p,p - DDT
Total DDT
gamma - Chlordane
alpha - Chlordane
oxy - Chlordane
Total Chlordane
DC PA
Heptachi or Epoxide
beta - BHC
gamma - BHC (^Lindanel
Hexachlorobenzene
Mi rex
Methoxychlor
Aldrin
Dieldrin
Endrin
alpha-Endosulfan
beta-Endosulfan
Zytron
Di-N-Butyl Phthalate
Trifluralin
fh 1 nrnhomi 7 a^o
Sampling Site
80A
0.03
<0.02
<0.02
0.03
0.005
0.002
0.002
<0.001
0.005
<0.001
0.014
0.005
<0.002
<0.001
0.005
0.001
0.002
0.002
<0.001
0.04
<0.001
,0.015
0.002
<0.001
<0.003
<0.02
0.005
0.008
0.096
<0.005
nn?
81
0.70
0.38
0.10
1.18
0.042
0.02
0.009
0.024
<0.002
0.11
0.205
<0.004
— - ^
L 0.028
0.028
0.24
^0.023
<0.01
0.027
^0.004
<0.002
|<0.0p2
<0.002
0.26
<0.001
0.07
0.20
0.127
1.7
<0.002
82
2.82
1.66
1.33
5.81
<0.003
0.28
0.13
0.344
<0.003
0.416
1.17
<0.001
<0.002
0.082
0.082
<0.002
0.027
<0.008
0.048
0.019
0.007
<0.001
<0.002
<0.001
<0.003
0.028
<0.003
0.165
0.44
<0.02
83
1.05
0.28
0.13
1.46
0.029
0.047
0.012
0.066
0.019
0.173
0.013
0.041
0.054
0.007
<0.008
<0.004
<0.001
0.002
<0.02
0.005
0.192
0.048
86
0.57
0.22
0.11
0.90
0.091
0.058
0.044
0.023
0.012
0.228
0.024
L 0.054
0.078
L0.057
0.039
<0.003
0.225
0.027
L 87
2.84
1.02
0.21
4.07
0.175
0.068
0.049
0.033
s
0.017
0.342
<0.001
0.148
0.148
\
0.158
0.081
s
BS
\
s
_>
0.004
0.65
0.162
>
87A
1.39
0.61
0.31
2.31
<0.001
<0.001
0.012
<0.001
0.025
0.093
0.13
L 0.005
>
0.016
0.021
0.008
0.011
0.006
<0.001
0.069
0.025
<0.002
<0.001
,\
S.
\
0.015
0.180
0.925
<0.005
89
0.07
0.02
0.01
0.10
0.003
L0.002
^0.001
<0.001
<0.003
<0.01
0.006
<0.001
<0.002
0.002
0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.008
<0.004
<0.001
<0.002
<0.001
<0.002
<0.001
<0.003
<0.02
<0.003
0.012
0.221
<0.02
89A
L 0.03
<0.02
<0.02
0.03
<0.001
L<0.001
^.001
\
<0.003
L^O.OOl
<0.003
<0.001
>
<0.001
<0.002
<0.001
<0.001
0.002
<0.001
0.004
<0.001
<0.002
<0.001
V
s
_\
<0.001
0.004
0.062
<0.005
_>
C-56
-------
Table 3 (cont.)
Parameter
Aroclor 1248
Aroclor 1254
Aroclor 1260
Total PCBs
o,p - DDE
p,p - DDE
o,p - ODD
p,p - ODD
o,p - DDT
p,p - DDT
Total DDT
gamma - Chlordane
alpha - Chlordane
oxy - Chlordane
Total Chlordane
DC PA
Heptachlor Epoxide
beta - BHC
gamma - BHC Lindane
Hexachlorobenzene
Mi rex
Methoxychlor
Aldrin
Dieldrin
Endrin
alpha-Endosulfan
beta-Endosulfan
Zytron
Di-N-Butyl Phthalate
Trifluralin
Phi nrnhonri 1 a to
Sampling Site
90
0.19
0.08
0.02
0.29
0.031
0.015
0.017
0.002
<0.003
0.014
0.079
<0.001
<0.002
0.011
0.011
<0.002
0.002
0.008
<0.004
<0.001
<0.002
<0.001
<0.002
0.001
<0.003
<0.02
<0.003
0.045
0.187
<0.02
<0.003
<0.001
_S
<0.002
<0.001
<0.001
0.004
\
0.013
0.044
<0.002
0.002
\
0.002
0.003
0.035
\
92
0.49
0.26
0.15
0.90
0.054
0.031
0.012
0.098
— ____*V
0.016
0.211
0.062
0.024
0.086
<0.002
0.007
0.289
0.023
0.111
1.89
<0.001
<0.002
<0.001
s
0.005
0.181
0.195
<0.02
95
0.23
0.03
0.04
0.30
0.03
0.004
<0.001
<0.001
0.003
0.031
0.068
<0.001
S
<0.001
<0.001
>
0.002
<0.008
0.004
0.021
<0.002
0.282
\
\
0.003
s
0.003
0.025
0.147
0.021
>
C-57
-------
Table 4
Concentrations of Metals in Sediments
of the Buffalo and Niagara Rivers, New York - 1981.
(All values are mg/kg dry weight)
Parameter
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Nickel
Zinc
Silver
Boron
Barium
Beryl lium
Cobalt
Lithium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Tin
Strontium
Vanadium
Yttrium
Sampling Site
01
<0.2
17
38
44
0.3
33
130
<0.3
10.0
96
<0.1
11.0
29
430
4.4
<4.0
36
21
11
02
0.32
18
41
46
0.1
32
160
<0.3
<8.0
94
<0.1
12.0
32
500
1.5
<4.0
27
20
11
03
0.33
24
28
250
0
21
93
0.3
8.0
48
<0.1
8.2
17
,270
1.7
<4.0
26
12
7.1
04^
0.28
14
24
89
0.1
19
100
0.31
L 8.1
60
<0.1
L 7-5
18
390
<1.0
4.7
31
14
8.1
05
0.47
19
36
150
0.1
23
L150
<0,3
<8.0
78
<0.1
9
21
L510
<1.0
10.0
37
17
10
07
0.27
15
32
36
0.1
25
110
<0.3
<8.0
78
L <°'1
11
23
540
1.7
<4.0
32
17
10
08
0.29
15
33
41
0.1
24
110
<0.3
<8.0
75
L <0.1
L 10
23
490
<1.0
<4.0
30
16
10
10
0.64
18
55
140
0.3
32
150
<0.3
<8.0
110
L <0.1
13
L 27
580
L_<1.0
<4.0
36
18
10
11
1.80
37
57
78
0.4
33
170
<0.3
<8.0
91
<0.1
12
30
680
1.9
5.9
46
20
11
(All values are g/kg dry weight)
Calcium
Potassium
Magnesium
Sodium
Aluminum
Iron
23
1.7
6.8
0.11
13.0
26
17
1.7
6.9
0.10
13.0
27
19
0.9
6.4
^_<0.10
7.0
17
22
1.0
6.1
0.10
8.1
16
26
1.0
6.6
0.10
9
20
21
1.2
7.1
0.11
L_1P___
22
19
1.2
6.7
<0.10
10
21
23
1.2
8.4
L_Jh72
11
27
26
2.2
10
0.48
12
32
C-58
-------
Table 4 (Cont.)
Parameter
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Nickel
Zinc
Silver
Boron
Barium
Beryllium
Cobalt
Lithium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Tin
Strontium
Vanadium
Yttrium
Sampling Site
12
2.8
130
220
360
0.8
46
600
<0.3
9.2
120
<0.1
12
23
1000
5.9
14
82
22
10
12
2.8
1000
1200
3300
24
120
540
<0.3
16
89
4.10
16
10
720
27
16
43
25
4.6
12
1.3
44
69
120
0.8
33
180
<0.3
<8
92
<0.1
11
28
600
3.8
5
44
19
10
12
Bottom
1.2
13
0.50
25
40
60
0.2
31
140
<0.3
8.9
87
<0.1
11
28
570
1.6
<4
35
21
12
16
0.32
16
36
36
0.3
30
120
<0.3
<8.0
96
<0.1
12
28
670
1.0
<4
33
20
12
19
0.9
23
36
70
0.3
25
140
<0.3
<8.0
66
<0.1
9
21
370
1.1
<4
31
16
9.3
22
1.5
36
51
90
0.4
31
210
<0.3
9.8
93
<0.1
12
28
500
<1.0
5
41
22
11
24
1.1
36
54
92
0.6
31
230
<0.3
9.7
94
<0.1
12
31
510
1.2
7
41
22
12
(All values are g/kg dry weight)
Calcium
Potassium
Magnesium
Sodium
Aluminum
Iron
44
1.4
7.9
0.56
10
45
21
0.58
4.2
0.61
5.2
7.3
28
1.40
8.2
0.64
12.0
30
23
1.7
9.5
0.14
12
27
21
1.4
9.1
0.10
12
26
21
1.2
6.5
0.11
9
21
30
1.7
9.4
0.14
13
28
27
1.7
10.0
0.15
13
29
C-59
-------
Table 4 (Cont.)
Parameter
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Nickel
Zinc
Silver
Boron
Barium
Beryllium
Cobalt
Lithium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Tin
Strontium
Vanadium
Yttrium
Sampling Site
26
4.5
54
140
300
1.3
39
390
3.5
<8.0
140
<0.1
12
24
410
6.5
20
44
19
9.3
27
.1
40
59
98
0.6
36
240
<0.3
9.0
100
<0.1
13
35
510
1.3
6
39"
25
12
31
12
180
340
950
1.4
51
1200
6.7
17
260
<0.1
11
26
670
1.9
99
200
38
11
32
25
260
310
840
3.0
68
1300
8.5
13
320
<0.1
12
30
360
2.0
52
91
36
12
33
14
200
200
430
1.3
47
670
3.8
17
220
<0.1
11
30
T7T)
1.3
34
91
33
12
35
4.5
68
210
230
0.3
37
710
0.9
14
300
<0.1
6.4
16
620
2.1
4
260
15
7
37
17.0
410
1500
680
1.7
66
1400
8.0
12
460
<0.1
11.0
28
400
1.8
50
110
29
12
40
8.9
130
140
420
1.6
48
530
2.8
16
180
<0.1
11.0
34
420
1.4
17
78
33
12
41
8.5
98
150
390
2.4
42
490
3.4
10
180
<0.1
9.9
29
410
1.8
16
71
25
11
(All values are g/kg dry weight)
Calcium
Potassium
Magnesium
Sodium
Aluminum
Iron
27
L 1.2
9.4
0.13
10
26
24
2.2
10
L_ 0.14
16
31
58
2.2
12
0.30
16
30
37
2.2
12
0.22
17
30
43
2.8
12
0.26
17
26
77
0.9
13
0.28
9
17
48
2.4
11
0.42
17
29
39
3.5
12
0.24
18
28
39
2.2
11
0.20
14
25
C-60
-------
Table 4 (Cont.)
Parameter
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Nickel
Zinc
Silver
Boron
Barium
Beryllium
Cobalt
Lithium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Tin
Strontium
Vanadium
Yttrium
Sampling Site
43
6.2
74
110
260
4.2
40
410
1.30
8.8
150
<0.1
10
33
620
<1.0
13
77
25
11
44
2.3
45
55
120
2.1
31
260
0.3
<8.0
83
<0.1
9
29
630
<1.0
6.3
56
19
10
45
1.1
50
66
230
0.8
29
340
0.3
<8.0
110
<0.1
8
28
680
1.2
7.7
64
20
10
48
0.26
23
43
79
0.5
33
220
<0.3
<8.0
89
<0.1
12
39
440
<1.0
<4.0
36
23
13
51
0.42
31
53
68
1.3
36
170
<0.3
13
120
<0.1
13
44
610
1.4
4.3
42
28
14
52
4.00
95
120
190
3.4
39
470
<0.3
10
120
<0.1
13
44
420
<1.0
8.7
40
32
13
53
1.10
37
61
85
0.6
37
200
<0.3
8.8
110
<0.1
13
38
550
1.8
4.1
41
25
13
54
0.45
34
76
100
1.4
23
260
<0.3
<8.0
100
<0.1
6.8
32
420
<1.0
<4.0
34
23
9.2
55
0.7
69
44
100
0.5
30
590
<0.3
10
89
<0.1
11
29
1500
<1.0
6
88
35
10
(All values are g/kg dry weight)
Calcium
Potassium
Magnesium
Sodium
Aluminum
Iron
40
2.3
11
0.25
16
26
33
1.6
9
0.20
13
23
41
1.6
11
0.33
14
24
22
2.1
10
0.14
15
29
24
3.6
9.9
0.18
18
31
21
3.0
11
0.21
18
35
25
2.1
9.9
0.14
15
32
19
1.7
9.6
0.13
15
31
50
2.3
11
0.20
12
39
C-61
-------
Table 4 (Cont.)
Parameter
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Nickel
Zinc
Silver
Boron
Barium
Beryllium
Cobalt
Lithium
Manganese
Molybdenum
tin
Strontium
Vanadium
Yttrium
Sampling Site
56
0.8
75
47
110
0.3
33
550
<0.3
<8
73
<0.1
10
27
1700
<1.0
4
70
34
9.1
57
. 1V6--
63
140
420
0.2
44
920
<0.3
29
92
3.9
6.8
8
3200
2.2
31
67
-26"~
3.8
58
3.8
47
120
1200
0.5
29
2000
<0.3
18
120
<0.1
6.9
16
1900
1.1
35
99
27
6.7
59
4.2
" "78
130
1100
0.6
50
3300
<0.3
28
120
10
12
U20
2800
2.2
16
110
60
8.1
60
2.0
89
71
290
0.8
38
1500
<0.3
8.6
73
<0.1
11
21
2200
2.2
12
74
37
8.3
61
0.3
72
33
55
0.1
28
390
<0.3
<8.0
52
<0.1
7.6
15
2200
1.5
6.2
55
31
6.1
65
1.2
61
52
130
0.6
34
580
<0.3
9.7
96
<0.1
11
24
1100
<1.0
5.6
91
30
13
66
2.2
66
67
L 210
0.5
40
720
<0.3
8.1
140
<0.1
11
26
1500
<1.0
8.4
130
31
15
67
5.0
100
180
140
0.4
34
440
1.3
<8.0
88
<0.1
8.5
20
390
<1.0
7.5
56
17
7.8
(All values are g/kg dry weight)
Calcium
Potassium
Magnesium
Sodium
Aluminum
Iron
47
1.6
9.8
0.13
11
39
33
1.9
10
0.59
6
"fid
50
1.4
9.7
0.28
13
72
64^
1.4
11
0.1
"14""
73
49
1.1
11
0.1
10
66
39
0.7
8
0.1
6.6
50
50
1.6
11
0.2
13
36
70
1.6
10
0.2
13
38
31
1.3
10
0.1
85
20
C-62
-------
Table 4 (Cont.)
Parameter
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Nickel
Zinc
Silver
Boron
Barium
Beryllium
Cobalt
Lithium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Tin
Strontium
Vanadium
Yttrium
Sampling Site
70
1.8
50
160
77
0.3
19
230
0.3
<8.0
52
<0.1
5.5
12
290
<1.0
4.0
28
13
6.1
71
4.2
97
1600
560
0.3
56
1100
1.6
12
150
<0.1
6.4
8.7
730
1.4
15
81
10
6.3
72
3.4
92
110
460
0.6
51
540
<0.3
12
120
<0.1
6.4
14
570
1.8
7.2
85
23
8
73
5.1
44
230
550
0.7
34
530
<0.3
11
110
<0.1
8.7
12
450
4.4
19
74
17
6.7
74A
0.9
27
46
51
0.3
12
270
<0.3
8
34
<0.1
4.2
7
180
1.3
7
29
9
4.7
74B
1.8
260
76
67
0.7
31
230
<0.3
15
120
<0.1
7.4
10
5500
7.7
15
140
50
6.6
75
0.6
26
29
37
0.1
16
230
<0.3
<8
52
<0.1
5.7
7
670
<1.0
6.7
24
13
5.7
76
1.3
23
40
53
0.3
20
210
<0.3
<8
49
<0.1
5.8
9.2
420
<1.0
7.4
33
12
6.1
78
5.9
120
100
180
0.8
35
540
3.7
8.5
130
<0.1
7.2
16
480
<1.0
59
59
18
8.9
(All values below are g/kg dry weight)
Calcium
Potassium
Magnesium
Sodium
Al uminum
Iron
19
0.8
5.5
0.2
5.5
15
67
0.44
11
0.21
5.6
18
49
1.10
11
0.36
7.6
18
15
0.8
2.7
0.2
9.1
34
14
0.51
4.2
<0.1
3.8
11
76
0.49
9.5
0.19
91
67
13
0.49
3.7
<0.1
4.2
43
18
0.53
5.7
<0.1
4.0
27
29
1.1
9
0.22
9
22
C-63
-------
Table 4 (Cont.)
Parameter
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Nickel
Zinc
Silver
Boron
Barium
Beryllium
Cobalt
Lithium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Tin
Strontium
Vanadium
Yttrium
Sampling Site
80A
0.22
18
31
2100
0.2
18
120
<0.3
<8.0
75
<0.1
8
20
390
1.2
25
120
18
8.9
81
2.1
44
72
90
0.8
23
430
0.67
<8
85
<0.1
8
19
L370
1.0
5.4
56
17
9.8
82
2.3
100
390
310
1.1
32
630
1.7
<8.0
100
<0.1
6.7
17
380
2.4
32
66
17
8.4
86
1.9
44
71
130
0.6
22
420 _j
0.4
<8.0
80
<0.1
7.5
14
440
1.2
10
43
13
7.3
87
6.0
89
170
250
0.5
35
770
1.2
<8.0
170
<0.1
8.1
14
430
3.5
24
59
17
8
87A
4.20
74
140
180
1.2
26
780
<0.3
<8.0
110
<0.1
L 8
17
540
2.7
17
43
18
9
89
0.60
9
10
19
0.2
5.7
120
<0.3
<8.0
11
<0.1
2.7
3.7
85
<1.0
<4.0
13
5
4.7
89A
<0.20
7
10
15
0.1
10
54 j
<0.3
<8.0
16
<0.1
5
10
130
<1.0
<4.0
17
9
6
90
1.00
25
37
49
0.3
13.0
190
<0.3
<8.0
11
<0.1
5.1
1.2
240
1.6
<4.0
30
9.3
6.6
(All values below are g/kg dry weight)
Calcium
Potassium
Magnesium
Sodium
Aluminum
Iron
50
1.7
15
0.18
9.0
16
25
1.3
10
0.13
9.4
19
34
1.1
12
0.15
8.1
19
26
0.82
7.3
0.11
6.4
24
34
0.94
9.2
0.15
L_ 8.0
25
23
1.2
7
0.12
8
36
11
0.21
4
0.05
1.7
4.5
13
0.7
7
<0.1
4
9
11
0.21
4
0.05
1.7
4.5
C-64
-------
Table 4 (Cont.)
Parameter
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Nickel
Zinc
Silver
Boron
Barium
Beryllium
Cobalt
Lithium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Tin
Strontium
Yttrium
Vanadium
Sampling Site
91A
<0.20
12
12
32
0.1
14
63
<0.3
<8.0
28
<0.1
6
14
310
1.1
<4
31
8
9
Calcium
Potassium
Magnesium
Sodium
Aluminum
Iron
35 _,
0.8
17
<0.1
5
14
91B
<0.20
22
18
22
0.1
27
65
<0.3
9.2
120
<0.1
13
33
610
<1.0
<4
99
14
25
9 1C
<0.20
8
13
15
0.1
11
58
<0.3
<8.0
25
<0.1
5.5
11
150
1.2
<4.0
21
6.4
8
92
2.00
53
68
190
1.4
25.0
480
0.37
<8.0
84
<0.1
7.7
17
300
1.8
7
48
7.8
16
95
0.35
11
10
100
0.3
3.8
120
<0.3
12
9.8
<0.1
1.5
6.6
490
2.9
13
64
2.9
4.0
All values below are g/kg dry weight)
48
3
14
0.18
16
24
15
0.8
7
<0.10
4.6
9
30
1.10
12
0.12
8.2
17
84
0.24
17
0.13
1.2
7.8
C-65
-------
Table 5
Concentrations of Conventional Pollutants
in Sediments of the Buffalo and Niagara Rivers, New York, 1981
.(All values are mg/kg dry weight)
Parameter
% Total Solids
% Total Volatile Solids
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
Total Phosphorus
Chemical Oxygen Demand
Phenols
Cyanide
Sampling Site
01
30.6
12.0
3,400
1,300
120,000
<0.6
<1.2
02
61
5.3
1,900
700
46,000
<0.6
<1.2
03
67.7
3.1
640
390
29,000
<0.6
<1.2
04
59.6
3.5
1,100
500
29,000
<0.6
<1.2
05
53.1
5.5
1,600
660
73,000
<0.6
<1.2
07
58.7
4.7
1,700
550
51,000
<0.6
<1.2
08
68.1
4.4
1,100
560
45,000
<0.6
<1.2
Parameter
% Total Solids
% Total Volatile Solids
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
Total Phosphorus
Chemical Oxygen Demand
Phenols
Cyanide
Sampling Site
10
64.8
6.0
1,600
670
71,000
<0.6
<1.2
11
60.8
5.2
1,400
710
48,000
<0.6
<1.2
12
L 66.9
8.6
1,000
580
110,000
1.1
2.7
12
53.6
16.8
4,700
960
210,000
350
8.4
L 12
43.5
5.7
1,700
760
L 80,000
1.5
<1.2
12
Bottom
50.6
5.7
2,400
840
JJ. 0,000
2.4
2.0
13
51.2
4.7
1,400
640
LJj^.OOO
<0.6
<1.2
Parameter
% Total Solids
% Total Volatile Solids
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
Total Phosphorus
Chemical Oxygen Demand
Phenols
Cyanide
Sampling Site
16
5376"
5.1
1,600
590
59,000
<0.6
" <172
19
.. ..^
3.6
1,000
610
41,000
<0.6
3.5
22
60.3
5.1
1,200
590
61,000
<0.6
1.9
24
L 58.4
L_ 5.1
1,400
600
63,000
<0.6
1.6
26
53.5
8.9
1,700
990
120,000
<0.6
1.5
27
55.4
5.6
1,700
740
67,000
<0.6
1.3
31
43.5
11.7
3,200
1,800
140,000
<0.6
2.0
C-66
-------
Table 5 (Cont.)
Parameter
% Total Solids
% Total Volatile Solids
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
Total Phosphorus
Chemical Oxygen Demand
Phenols
Cyanide
Sampling Site
32
31.8
14.0
3,200
1,900
220,000
<0.6
1.7
33
36.2
11.0
2,900
1,700
160,000
<0.6
<1.2
35
47.5
8.3
2,700
1,100
92,000
3.3
3.7
37
46.6
10.4
^ 3,000
L 3,900
150,000
<0.6
<1.2
40
50.5
8.3
2,800
1,500
100,000
<0.6
1.2
41
50.3
9.0
3,000
1,800
120,000
<0.6
2.1
43
"4'6.5
8.8
2,800
1,300
110,000
0.7
4.3
Parameter
% Total Solids
% Total Volatile Solids
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
Total Phosphorus
Chemical Oxygen Demand
Phenols
Cyanide
Sampling Site
44
53.2
4.8
1,100
640
54,000
<0.6
1.7
45
40.0
7.5
2,100
810
60,000
1.5
2.1
48
61.5
4.9
1,200
560
46,000
<0.6
<1.2
51
59.9
5.3
1,800
740
57,000
<0.6
1.7
52
48.3
" 7.4
2,300
1,200
78,000
<0.6
"" 1.6
53
51.9
5.6
2,000
820
64,000
<0.6
1.4
54
' 53.8
6.2
2,100
850
63,000
<0.6
<1.2
Parameter
. otal Solids
% Total Volatile Solids
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
Total Phosphorus
Chemical Oxygen Demand
"Hi ""•""' i" -.-— r-.— . -M-,,- -...-..
Phenols
Cyanide
Sampling Site
55
56.1
7.7
1,500
670
60,000
<0.6
3.6
56 H
54.7
7.1
1,400
660
74,000
<0.6
3.0
57
eo^Oj
5.7
310
330
35,000
1.2
75
58
42.8
10.6
2,200
800
120,000
U7T
" 84
59
49.6
11.0
L_ 1,900
1,100
120,000
<0.6
35
60
' 56.2
7.3
1,300
650
83,000
<0.6
2.5
61
62.1
3.0
510
490
37,000
" "<0.6
<1.2
C-67
-------
Table 5 (Cont.)
Parameter
% Total Solids
% Total Volatile Solids
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
Total Phosphorus
Chemical Oxygen Demand
Phenols
Cyanide
Sampling Site
65
47.7
5.4
1,800
680
64,000
<0.6
2.0
66
40.4
7.2
2,100
690
81,000
0.8
<1.2
67
54.5
4.8
1,800
1,200
75,000
<0.6
6.0
70
59.4
3.8
850
620
29,000
<0.6
2.8
71
75.2
2.0
360
1,300
20,000
<0.6
2.9
72
31.0
25.4
4,500
1,900
310,000
11
2.5
73
71.6
3.1
480
470
34,000
1.6
<1.2
Parameter
% Total Solids
% Total Volatile Solids
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
Total Phosphorus
Chemical Oxygen Demand
Phenols
Cyanide
Sampling Site
74A
77.9
2.8
250
390
31,000
0.6
<1.2
74B
45.2
4.3
380
1,400
32,000
0.4
7.3
75
71.7
3.3
270
510
15,000
<0.6
2.0
76
65.8
4.0
320
450
24,000
<0.6
1.6
78
58.3
7.4
1,300
1,300
89,000
<0.6
2.9
80A
68.1
3.1
360
420
27,000
0.6
<1.2
81
45.1
5.5
1,500
1,000
66,000
<0.6
5.9
Parameter
% Total Solids
% "otal Volatile Solids
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
Total Phosphorus
Chemical Oxyqen Demand
Phenols
Cyanide
Sampling Site
82
64.1
8.3
1,700
1,500
89,000
30
2.1
83
69.3
4.1
760
930
51,000
0.7
2.8
^ 86
63.1
4.6
1,300
1,400
54,000
<0.6
2.1
87
61.1
7.6
1,600
1,500
75,000
0.9
4.4
87A
69.3
8.6
980
870
77,000
0.6
3.9
89
71.7
0.7
200
440
7,600
<0.6
<1.2
89A
40.2
2.1
310
450
24,000
1.4
<1.2
C-68
-------
Table 5 (Cont.)
Parameter
% Total Solids
% Total Volatile Solids
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
Total Phosphorus
Chemical Oxygen Demand
Phenols
Cyanide
Sampling Site
90
71.7
2.5
580
770
28,000
<0.6
<1.2
91A
75.5
2.1
300
470
23,000
0.6
<1.2
91B
51.4
2.6
530
1,100
23,000
0.8
<1.2
9 1C
60.7
"' i.6
270
490
17,000
0.6
2.1
92
37.9
9.9
3,300
1,300
140,000
0.9
2.2
95
38.6
1.6
170
260
12,000
<0.6
3.2
C-69
-------
APPENDIX D
Maps of Sites Where at Least One Organic Parameter in a Category
Exceeded the 50 ppm Concentration Levels or One Conventional or
Metal Parameter Was Classified as Heavily Polluted by USEPA Guidelines
-------
U.S.G.S. - 7.5'
BUFFALO-SE-QUAD
Alcohols, Organic Acids, Ethers, and
Esters Category
50 ppm Criterion
Buffalo, New York
1981 Sediment Survey Sites
LAKE ERIE
-------
U.S.G.S. - 7.5'
BUFFA.LO-SE QUAD
Chlorinated Aliphatics and
Aromatics Category - 50 ppm Criterion
Buffalo, New York
1981 Sediment Survey Sites
LAKE ERIE
-------
Aldehydes and Ketones Category
50 ppm Criterion
Buffalo, New York
1981 Sediment Survey Sites
LAKE ERIE
-------
Aldehydes and Ketones Category
50 ppm Criterion
Buffalo, New York
1981 Sediment Survey Sites
Figure 4 .
\ NAVY ISLAND)
U.S G.S. - 7.V TONAWANDA EAST WEST a
NIAGARA FALLS QUADS
1W8.M.50
-------
Naphthalenes and Polycyclic Aromatic
Hydrocarbon Category
50 ppm Criterion
Buffalo, New York
1981 Sediment Survey Sites
LAKE ERIE
-------
TONAWANDA
U.S.O.S. • IS
BUFFALO NE B NW QUADS
BUFFALO
Naphthalenes and Polycycllc Aromatic
Hydrocarbon Category
50 ppm Criterion
Buffalo, New York
1981 Sediment Survey Sites
Figure 6
-------
Naphthalenes and Polycyclic Aromatic
Hydrocarbon Category - 50 ppm Criterion
Buffalo, New York
1981 Sediment Survey Sites
US.G.S. - IK TONAVMNDA EA8T.WEST 6
NIAGARA FAUS QUADS
1948.49.50
-------
USGS - 7.5'
BUFFALO-SE-QUAD
Nitro and Ami no Aromatics Category
50 ppm Criterion
Buffalo, New York
1981 Sediment Survey Sites
LAKE ERIE
-------
PCBs and Pesticides Category
50 ppm Criterion
Buffalo, New York
1981 Sediment Survey Sites
LAKE ERIE
-------
Unsubstituted Aliphatics and
Aromatics Category - 50 ppm Criterion
Buffalo, New York
1981 Sediment Survey Sites
LAKE ERIE
-------
TONAWANDA
U.S.Q.S. • MT
BUFFALO NE ft NW QUAD*
BUFFALO
Unsubstituted Aliphatics and Aromatics
Category
50 ppm Criterion
Buffalo, New York
1981 Sediment Survey Sites
Figure 11
-------
Unsubstituted Aliphatics and Aromatics
Category - 50 ppm Criterion
Buffalo, New York
1981 Sediment Survey Sites
US OS 75' TONAWANDA EAST.WEST ft
NIAGARA FALLS QUADS
1M8.49.50
-------
Conventional Pollutants Category
USEPA Guidelines
Buffalo, New York
1981 Sediment Survey Sites
LAKE ERIE
-------
Conventional Pollutants Category
US EPA Guidelines
Buffalo, New York
1981 Sediment Survey Sites
Figure 14
-------
Conventional Pollutants Category
USEPA Guidelines
Buffalo, New York
1981 Sediment Survey Sites
Figure 15
\NAVYtSLANol
OS.O.S. - 7J- TONAWANDA EAST.WEST »
NIAGARA FAILS QUADS
-------
Metals Category
1977 USEPA Sediment Guidelines
Buffalo, New York
1981 Sediment Survey Sites
LAKE ERIE
cr>
-------
TONAWANDA
STATUTt MltE
1, J
• J 1
U.S.O.S.. 7*
BUFFALO NC 6 NW QUADS
BUFFALO
Metals Category
1977 USEPA Sediment Guidelines
Buffalo, New York
1981 Sediment Survey Sites
Figure 17
-------
Metals Category
1977 USEPA Sediment Guidelines
Buffalo, New York
1981 Sedimenit Survey Sites
U.S.Q.S. - 7.5' TONAWANDA EAST.WEST Er
NIAGARA FALLS QUADS
1MM9.B
-------
APPENDIX E
Compounds Identified as Greater Than 5 ppm
Correlated With Station Sites
-------
Organic Compounds Exceeding 5 ppm
I. Alcohols, Organic Acids, Ethers and Esters
Sample Sites
Alcohols
alcohols, misc. 11
Organic Acids
phenylacetic acid 01
tetradecanoic acid 43
hexadecanoic acid 41
Ethers
diphenyl ether 12
Esters
diethyl phthalate 92
di-n-butyl phthalate 16, 35, 92
bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 02, 26, 32, 33, 35, 37, 40, 41, 43,
45, 54, 72, 78, 82, 92
trimethyl ester of phosphoric 92
acid
II. Chlorinated Aliphatic and Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Aliphatic
dichloromethane 01
Aromatic
chlorobenzene 12
dichlorobenzene 12
1,2-dichlorobenzene 12, 82, 87, 92
1,3-dichlorobenzene 92
1,4-dichlorobenzene 92
1,3- and 1,4-dichlorobenzene 12, 83
1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 12
tetrachlorobenzene 12
pentachlorobenzene 12
chlorotoluene 82
E-l
-------
III. Aldehydes and Ketones
Sample Sites
Ketones
4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-
pentanone (diacetone alcohol) 91A, 918
3-hexen-2-one 87A
2,6-dimethyl-2,5-heptadien-
4-one (phorone) 80A
2-methyl-2-octen-4-one 74B
4,5-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-
1-one 27, 31
Aldehydes
benzene acetaldehyde 12
IV. Napthalenes and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Napthalenes
napthalene 12, 55
methyl naphthalene 31, 72
dimethylnaphthalene 10, 12, 43, 58
trimethylnaphthalene 05, 10, 11, 31, 58, 70
l,2,3-trimethyl-4-
propenylnaphthalene 55
tetramethylnaphthalene 05, 10, 11
pentamethylnaphthalene 10
tert-butylnaphthalene 04
acenaphthene 05
4,9-dimethylnaphthothiophene 12, 55, 05
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
fluorene 12
dibenzofuran 11, 72
4-methyldibenzofuran 11
dimethyldibenzofuran 11
11 H - benzo(a)fluorene 04
fluoranthene 12, 26, 31, 32, 33, 35, 37, 40, 41,
43, 45, 52, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59,
60, 65, 67, 71, 72, 73, 74B, 78,
82, 87A, 92
methylfluoranthene 05, 57
benzo(b)fluoranthene 04, 12, 26, 45, 55, 58, 87
benzo(g,h,i)fluoranthene 04
methylbenzo(g,h,i)fluoranthene 55
E-2
-------
Sample Sites
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (cont.)
anthracene and phenanthrene 12, 26, 31, 32, 35, 40, 41, 43, 45,
55, 56, 58, 59, 60, 71, 72, 73,
78, 82
methyl anthracene 05
dimethyl anthracene 31, 72
methylphenanthrene 31, 55
1-chloroanthraquinone 12
benzo(a)anthracene and chrysene 04, 12, 19, 22, 26, 27, 31, 32, 33, 35,
37, 40, 41, 43, 44, 45, 55, 56, 57,
58, 59, 60, 67, 71, 73, 74A, 75,
78, 81, 83, 86, 87A, 90, 92
methylchrysene 04
4-H-cyclopenta(d,e,f)-
phenanthrene 72
pyrene 12, 26, 31, 32, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59,
60, 65, 67, 71, 72, 73, 74B, 78,
82, 87A, 92
methylpyrene 04, 05, 55
benzo(a)pyrene 12, 26, 33, 35, 37, 43, 45, 54, 55,
56, 60, 78
indeno(l,2,3-c,d)pyrene 55
benzo(g,h,i)perylene 55
V. Nitro and Ami no Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Nitro
3-chloronitrobenzerte 12
2,4-dichloronitrobenzene 12
2-nitrotoluene 12
4-nitrotoluene and 4-
chloroam'line 12
Ami no
2-aminotoluene 12
Hydrazo
1,2-diphenylhydrazine 12
Nytroso
N-nitrosodiphenylamine 12
E-3
-------
VI. PCBs and Pesticides
Sample Sites
PCBs
Aroclor 1248 32, 73
Aroclor 1254 . 32, 73
Pesticides
Zytron 73
hexachlorobenzene 12
o,p-DDD 12
VII. Unsubstituted Aliphatic and Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Aliphatic
hydrocarbons, misc. 12, 19, 22, 24, 26, 27, 31, 32, 33,
40, 41, 43, 44, 45, 48, 51, 53,
54, 57, 58, 61, 66, 67, 70, 72,
73, 74A, 74B, 75, 76, 78, 81, 82,
83, 86, 87, 89, 90, 92, 95
Aromatic
toluene 12, 43, 72
VIII. Phenols
4-(tert-butyl)phenol 73
4-(l,l,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)
phenol 26, 82
picric acid 04
IX. Polyalicyclic Hydrocarbons
cholestane-3-ol 40
2,3-epoxychlolestane 40
E-4
-------
APPENDIX F
Summary of Laboratory Methodology
and Quality Control Information
-------
Table 1
Buffalo, New York 1981 Sediment Methodology
£a_ramete_rs__
Non-volatile
orqanics:
acidic ft
neutrals
orqanics
GC/MS
base
other
by
Units
mq/kq
dry
weight
basis
Volatile orqanic
by purqe ?<
trap GC/MS
uq/kq
dry
weiqht
basis
PCBs
Pesticides
(GC/EC)
mq/kq
dry
weiqht
basis
Title/Description
"Standard Operatinq Procedure for the analysis
of sediments for Non-volatile Orqanic
Compounds: Embayment and Nearshore Proqram
CRL Method No.: "TOX105631, TOX105731"
Based on USEPA Method 625 [Federal Reqister
1979]
Sediments are air dried, sieved and soxhlet
extracted with 1:1 acetone/ hexane for 16
hours. Extracts are screened by GC/FIl)
and diluted or concentrated as needed.
GC/MS protocol found in "Standard Opera-
ting Procedure GC/MS/OS Analysis of Non-
Volatile Orqanic Compounds CRl. Method No,:
TOX9561, TOX9571, TOX95631, TOX95731"
Compounds are quantitated aqainst standards
when available or an estimated concentration
is reported on the basis of the response of
the internal standard, D-10 phenanthrene.
"Analysis of Volatile Orqanic Compounds in Fish,
Sediment, and Water Samples Usinq GC/MS, CRL
Method No. TOX105631, 105731, 10561, 10571"
Based on USEPA Method 624 [Federal Reqister 1979]
Wet samples are purged with helium for 4
minutes arid the orqanics are trapped on a
Tenax trap. The trap is desorbed onto the
GC column for analysis. Compounds are quan-
tified using standards when available, or
are estimated aqainst the response of the
internal standard 2-bromo-l-chloropropane.
"Analysis of Pesticides, Phthalates, and
Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Soils and
Bottom Sediments, CRL Method No. PES1262-84,
17119-17125" Based on USEPA Method 608
[Federal Reqister 1979].
Samples are air dried, sieved and soxhlet ex-
tracted with 1:1 acetone/hexane for 16 hours.
Extracts are cleaned up by Florisil column
chromatography. Further separation of PCBs from
Pesticides is done with silica gel column
chroinatoqraphy. The extracts are screened by
GC/EC. Samples are quantified and confirmed by
GC/EC. GC/MS analysis of the ABN extracts is '
used for additional confirmation.
F-l
-------
Parameters
Units
Table 1 (Cont.)
Title Description
Ag,
Be,
Cu,
Mo,
Sr,
Ca,
Al, B, Ba,
Cd, Co, Cr,
Fe, Li, Mn,
Ni, Pb, Sn,
V, Y, Zn,
K, Mg, Na
mg/kg
dry
weight
basis
"Preparation of Sediments and Other Solids
for ICAP Analysis" Central Regional Laboratory,
(CRL) Method #MET 413. "Standard Operative
Procedure (SOP) for the Determination of
Total Metals in Water by ICAP CRL Method
#MET 111" Reference USEPA 1979a.
CN
Phenol
Ammonia as N
Sediment Sample
preparation
Total Phosphorus
as P and Total
Kjeldahl Nitrogen
as N
Chemical Oxygen
Demand
Mercury
Arsenic
Selenium
Volatile Solids
mg/kg dry
weight basis
mg/kg dry
weight basis
rag/kg dry
weight basis
mg/kg dry
weight basis
mg/kg dry
weight basis
mg/kg dry
weight basis
mg/kg dry
weight basis
% of
total solids
"SOP for Total Cyanide, CRL Method #MIN 71919"
Reference USEPA 1979b.
"SOP: Phenols, Total Recoverable, CRL Method
#MIN74818" Reference USEPA 1979b.
CRL SOP for preparation of sediment and solids
for Ammonia - N, TKN, TP and COD
"SOP: Ammonia Nitrogen, CRL Method #MIN 7294"
Reference USEPA 1979b.
"SOP for Total Phosphorus and Total Kjeldaahl
Nitrogen, CRL Method #MIN 7315, MIN 7304,"
Reference USEPA 1979b.
"SOP: COD, CRL Method #MIN 7336" Reference
USEPA 1979b.
"SOP: Total Mercury in Fish and Sediments,
CRL Method #MIN 7336" Reference USEPA 1979b.
"SOP for the Determination of Arsenic and
Selenium in Sediments and Other Solids by
Furnace AA, CRL Method #MET 463, MET 4213"
Reference USEPA 1979b.
"SOP for Total Volatile Solids (%) in Sedi-
ments and Solids, CRL Method #447" Gravimetric
determination at 550°C + 50°C.
% Solids
% dry weight fg) "SOP for Total Residue (% Solids), CRL Method
wet weight (g) #444" Gravimetric determination.
F-2
-------
Table 2
Buffalo New York 1981 Sediment Survey
Analytical Methodology Precision, Accuracy and Detection Limit Summary
Parameter
Total solids
Volatile solids
COD
Total Kjeldahl N
Total P
Hg
phenol ics
Cyanide
ICAP metals
Al
Ba
B
Ca
Cd
Cr
Co
Cu
Fe
Pb
Li
Mg
Mn
Mo
Ni
K
Ag
Na
Sr
Sn
V
Zn
. Method
Code
MIN45423
MIN45524
MIN43327
MIN43025
MIN43126
MIN44728
MIN44829
MIN44930
MET 413
MET 111
Approx.1
Precision
10%
10%
20% or
500 mg/kg
20% -or
.05 mg/kg
20% or
.02 mg/kg
20% or
.2 mg/kg
20% or
.2 mg/kg
20% or
.2 mg/kg
20% or
2xDL
Approx. -*
Approx.2 Detection
Accuracy Limit
1%
1%
+20% 100 rng/kg
+20% 0.05 mg/kg
+20% 0.02 mg/kg
+20% 0.1 mg/kg
0.1 mg/kg
+25% 0.1 mg/kg
+5%
8 rng/kg
0.5 mg/kg
8 mg/kg
.05 g/kg
0.2 mg/kg
0.8 mg/kg
0.6 mg/kg
0.6 rng/kg
8 rng/kg
7 mg/kg
1 rng/kg
0.01 g/kg
0.5 rng/kg
1 mg/kg
2 mg/kg
0.1 g/kg
0.3 mg/kg
0.1 g/kg
1 mg/kg
4 mg/kg
0.5 mg/kg
4 mg/kg
F-3
-------
Table 2 (Cont.)
Buffalo New York 1981 Sediment Survey
Analytical Methodology Precision, Accuracy and Detection Limit Summary
Parameter
Acid, Base,
Neutral
Priority
Pollutants
Pesticides,
PCBs
Volatile
Priority
Pollutants
Method
Code
TOX957, 959
TOX95631
TOX95731
PES1261-1284
TOX105631
TOX105731
Approx. 1
Precision
50%
42%4
15%4
Approx. 2
Accuracy
A = +30%
B/N = +50%
PNA = +50%
53-116%
+10%
Approx. J
Detection
Limit
2
2
2
Notes: 1. These are approximate values. They are statistically determined
at least once a year based on duplicate analyses.
2. These are approximate values. They are statistically determined
at least once a year based on spike analysis.
3. Detection limits vary depending upon sample size.
4. At analyte concentrations 3 x D.L.
F-4
-------
Table 3
Sediment Samples
Organic Compounds Sought and Representative Detection Limits*
SEMI-VOLATILES
Representative
Compound Maximum Detection Limit (mg/kg)
Base-Neutral-Acid Mixtures
1 Bis(2-chloroethyl)Ether Less Than 2.75
2 1,3-Dlchlorobenzene " 4.25
3 1,4-Dichlorobenzene " 6.4
4 1,2-Dichlorobenzene " 6.4
5 Nitrobenzene " 19.15
6 Hexachloroethane " 3.85
7 N-Nitrosodipropylamine " 2.1
8 Isophorone " 1.05
9 Bis(2-Chloroethoxy)Methane " 1.7
10 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene " 1.8
11 Naphthalene " 1.5
12 Hexachlorobutadiene " 319.5
13 2-Chloronaphthalene " 1.25
14 Acenaphthylene " 0.85
15 Dimethylphthalate " 1.05
16 2,4-Dinitrotoluene " 5.75
17 Acenaphthene " 0.1
18 2,6-Dinitrotoluene " 5.25
19 Fluorene " 1.2
20 Diethylphthalate " 2.15
21 N-Nitrosodiphenylamine " 1.95
22 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine " 1.7
23 4-Bromophenylpphenyl Ether " 3.3
24 Hexachlorobenzene " 2.3
25 Anthracene/Pherianthrene
26 Di-N-Qctylphthalate " 3.95
27 Dibromobiphenyl " 2.95
28 Fluoranthene " 1.0
29 Pyrene " 1.0
30 Butyl Benzylphthalate " 2.4
31 Chrysene/Benz(A)Anthracene " .5
32 Bis(2-EthylhexylJPhthalate " .1
33 Benzo(B)Fluoanthene " 5.2
34 Benzo(A)Pyrene " 1.0
35 Indeno(l,2,3-C,D)Pyrene " 3.35
36 Perylene " 7.05
37 Benzo(G,H,I)Perylene " 29.95
38 Phenol " 95.85
39 2-Chlorophenol " 2.9
40 2,4-Dimethylphenol " 136.9
*(Actual Detection Limits for Individual Samples May Vary as a Function of
Interferences Present, Aliquot Size, Degree of Pre-Concentration, etc.)
F-5
-------
Table 3 (Cont.)
Compound
42 2-Nitrophenol
43 2,4-Oichlorophenol
44 p-T-Butyl phenol
45 P-Chlor-M-Cresol
46 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
47 4-Nitrophenol
48 4,6-Dinitro-Ortho Cresol
49 Pentachlorophenol
Pesticides
1 Triflan(Trifluralin)
2 Gama-BHC (Lindane)
3 Hexachlorobenzene
4 2,4 D-Isopropyl Ester
5 Beta-BHC
6 Alpha-BHC
7 Heptachlor
8 N-Butylphthalate
9 Zytron
10 Aldrin
11 DCPA
12 Isodrin
13 Heptachlor Epoxide
14 Oxychlordane
15 Gamma Chlordane
16 o.p-DDE
17 Endosulfan-I
18 p,p-DDE
19 Dieldrin
20 o,p-DDD
21 Endrin
22 Chlorobenzilate
23 Endosulfan-II
24 o,p-DDT & p.p-DDD
25 Kepone(Chlordecone)
26 p.p-DDT
27 Methoxychlor
28 Tetradifon
29 Mi rex
Araclor Mixture 1242, 1248, 125
1 Dichlorobiphenyl(1)
2 Dichlorobiphenyl(2)
3 Trichlorobiphenyl(1)
4 Trichlorobiphenyl(2)
5 Trichlorobiphenyl(3)
Representative
Maximum Detection Limit (mg/kg)
Less Than
Less Than
Less Than
4.45
3.35
1.55
3.0
4.4
159.75
38.35
41.65
21.8
5.15
1.8
8.0
12.8
18.8
7.2
.05
2.75
7.05
1.9
7.1
5.05
23.95
4.3
1.9
29.95
2.
5.
,55
,56
1.2
22.6
1.8
123.4
1.0
6.55
6.45
4.05
17.55
3.55
,45
,0
,65
,95
,55
F-6
-------
Table 3 (Cont.)
Compound
6 Tetrachlorobiphenyl (1)
7 Tetrachlorobiphenyl(2)
8 Tetrachlorobiphenyl(3)
9 Tetrachlorobiphenyl(4)
10 Tetrachlorobiphenyl(5)
11 Pentachlorobiphenyl(1)
12 Pentachlorobiphenyl(2)
13 Pentachlorobiphenyl(3)
14 Pentachlorobiphenyl(4)
15 Hexachlorobiphenyl (1)
16 Hexachlorobiphenyl(2)
17 Hexachlorobiphenyl(3)
18 Heptachlorobiphenyl1(1)
19 Heptachlorobiphenyl(2)
1 Dichloromethane
2 Trichiorofluoromethane
3 1,1-Dichloroethylene
4 1,1-Dichloroethane
5 1,2-Dichloroethylene
6 Trichioromethane
7 1,2-Dichloroethane
8 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
9 Tetrachloromethane
10 Bromodichloromethane
11 1,2-Dichloropropane
12 1,3-Dichloro-l-Propene (Trans)
13 Trichloroethylene
14 Benzene
15 Dibromochloromethane
16 1,1,2-Trichloroethane
17 1,3-Dichloro-l-Propene (Cis)
18 Tribromonethane
19 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
20 Tetrachloroethylene
21 Methyl benzene
22 Chlorobenzene
23 Ethyl benzene
24 1,3-Dimethylbenzene
25 1,2- & 1,4-Dimethyl Benzene
Representative
Maximum Detection Limit (mq/kg)
Less Than
K
II
M
If
II
II
11
M
II
II
II
II
It
2.9
3.65
2.6
3.7
.2
5.5
15.2
9.05
8.2
7.75
9.05
4.6
7.2
7
Less Than
.0023
.0041
.0027
.0037
.0089
.0139
.0016
.0010
.0014
.0006
.0016
.0013
.0012
.0007
.0007
.0016
.0023
.0037
.0011
.0091
.0026
.0028
.0004
.0005
.0029
F-7
-------
SEDIMENTS ANALYSIS
(Pesticides, PCBs, Acids, Base, Neutrals)
Sample Extract Preparation
See Flow Sheet (Appendix F, Figure 1)
I. PESTICIDES/PCB ANALYSIS BY DUAL COLUMN 6C/EC
For the pesticides one has an analytical column and a confirmatory column.
The same is true for the PCBs. In the procedure, the pesticide analytical
column serves as the PCB confirmatory column and the PCB analytical column
serves as the pesticide confirmatory column. WITHOUT CONFIRMATION OF THE
RESULTS OF THE ANALYTICAL COLUMN, ONE CANNOT SAY THAT A PARTICULAR COMPOUND
IS PRESENT IN THE SAMPLE EXTRACT.
1. GC/EC Screen
Purpose: To get information from the scans such that proper concentra-
tion adjustments may be made such that the amounts that the EC detector
see are in range of the standards used.
2. GC/EC Scan
a. Calibration Run - Use Reference Standards
Purposes:
i. To note any changes in column resolution
ii. To note any changes in detector response
iii. To obtain Relative Response Factors for the Internal
Standard Method used for Quantitation of Fractions
"D" and "F"
iv. To obtain Area Response Factors for the External
Standard Method used for Quantitation of Fraction "E"
b. Sample Scans: also includes a method blank, spike, and duplicate
3. Data Reduction and Compilation
4. Report: expressed in MG/KG (Dry weight basis)
II. SEMIVOLATILES ANALYSIS BY CAPILLARY GC/MS
Semivolatiles = Acids, Base, Neutrals
Capillary: Fused Silica, SE-54 Mass Range: 45 -- 450 amu
F-8
-------
Quantitation Method: 0-10 Phenanthrene as Internal Standard
1. Preliminary Requirements before scans may be run
Autotune and Decafluorotriphenyl Phosphine
2. GC/MS Scans
acquire raw data for the Standards, method blank, samples, duplicate
and spike
3. Data Reduction
a. Edit, if necessary, the "ID" files for those compounds for which
we have reference standards and routinely analyze
The information in the ID files include the following:
Compound #
Chemical Name:
Spectrum #:
Relative Retention Time:
Relative Response Factor:
Concentration:
I_ON MASS %AREA
1 188 100
2 189 16
3 184 16
Relative Retention Time (RRT) = Retention Time of Compound
Retention line of ISTD
Relative Response Factor (RRF) = (Amount ISTD)(Area Response Compound
(Amount Compound)(Area Response ISTD
The above data is necessary to run the QUA NT 11) programs on the three
Quantid Lists which we have (Acid, Base/Neutrals, Pesticides, PCBs).
Requirements for Quantid hits.
h. Reconstructed Total Ion Current Scan (RIC)
i. Find, confirm and obtain mass spectra for Quantid hits
ii. Examine RIC for unknowns
a. Library search each unknown peak for "tentative" identifica-
tions. Document identifications (Scan MS and Library MS).
b. Hydrocarbons are aliphatic hyrdrocarbons and their amounts
summed.
c. Unknowns are reported with their Scan #.
F-9
-------
c. Concentration Estimation of "Tentative" and Unknowns
Use QUAN 3 program
Assumption made: RRF of compound = 1
Concentration (mg/kg) = (Area of Compound)(Amount of ISTD)
(Area of ISTD)(RRF)(Sample Size in KG)
d. Report: expressed in mg/kg (Dry weight bases)
III. VOLATILES ANALYSIS BY PURGE AND TRAP GC/MS
Analysis is performed on a separate portion of the original sediment sample.
Sequence of Events
1. Preliminary Requirements before any scans may be run
Autotune and Bromof1uorobenzene
Mass Range: 45 — 300 amu
Quantitation Method: 2-Bromo-l-chloropropane as Internal Standard
2. GC/MS Scans
acquire raw data for the Standard, method blank, samples, duplicate
3. Data Reduction: See above
F-10
-------
Figure 1
FLOW SHEET Sediment - Nearshore Program Ground, Sieved Sediment
1) Soxhlet Extraction, 16 hrs. Acetone/Hexane 1:1 (200 ml)
2) Concentrate Extract and Solvent Exchange
crude Extract » 50% —
GC/FID
Screen
4
GC/MS* Semi-Volatile Organics Analysis Column Chromatography
Acid, Base, Neutrals I Florisil
+ . 6% Ether/Hexane
Pesticide/PCB Confirmation * 50% Ether/Hexane
"C" + "D" (Pesticides)
j Silica Gel
1) Hexane
*2) 20% Ether/Benzene
"E" (PCBs) + "F"
Fractions D, E, F are
1) Screened by GC/EC*** to put
in range of standards
2) Scanned by GC/EC
GC/MS** Volatile Organic Analysis is done by Purge/Trap method using Tekmar + GC/MS
Weighed Wet Sediment
% Solids From Inorganic Section I He purged onto Tenax trap
Trapped Volatiles
180-200°C vapors swept to head of
column where GC/MS run starts
All samples are analyzed by GC/EC, GC/MS and GC/MS-VOA
*GC/MS uses capillary column, SE-54 fused silica for semi-volatile organics analysis
**GC/MS uses a packed column of 1% SP-1000/Carbopack B - 8 foot in length X 2 mm
interior diameter - for volatile organics analysis
***GC/EC Analysis uses a dual column method - packed columns - 8 foot in length and 2 mm
interior diameter
1) PCB Column: 3% SP-2100
2) Pesticide Column: 1.5% SP-2250/1.95% SP-2401
F-ll
-------
DATA SET
CALCULATION FOR BETA-BHC VALUES IN SAMPLES AND USING THE INTERNAL STANDARD
ISTD) PROCEDURE (REF. Hewlett Packard 3354 Computer Data System)
Response Factori$TD = (MicrogramsisTD) / (Peak
Response FactorCOMPD = (MicrogramsCOMPD) / (peak
where COMPD = Compound Analyzed (Beta-BHC)
Relative Response Factor = Response FactorQQMPD / Response Factorj5j[)
= (MicrogramscoMPD / Peak AreacoMPD) / (MicrOQramsISTD / Peak Areaisio)
= (0.019/20361) = 0.093684
(1/100395
Peak AreacoMPD X Relative Response FactorcoMPD ^ $TD. AMT. X D
CCOMPD = __
Peak AreaISTD x Relative Response FactorISTD X SAMPLE AMT. X 100
where C = Concentration (Micrograms/Gram)
RRF = Relative Response Factor
D = % Dilution Factor obtained by multiplying the
final volume of the sample extract by 100
GI = 99021 x 0.093684 x 1 microgram/ml x 15000 mis = 1.502 mi crog rams /gram
92672 x 1 x 10 grams x 100
C2 = 66694 x 0.093684 x 1 microgram/ x 15000 mis = 0.899 micrograms/gram
104205 x 1 x 10 grams
NOTE: The numbers for the calculation of the Relative Response Factor come
from the calibration run of the standards.
F-12
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CONSTITUENTS IN THE DIFFERENT FRACTIONS
FRACTION D
Mi rex*
Methoxychlor*
DCPA
Dieldrin
Endrin
Endosulfans
FRACTION E
Hexachlorobenzene*
Heptachlor
Aldrin
Mi rex*
Aroclors 1242, 1248, 1254, 1260
FRACTION F
Hexachlorobenzene*
Lindane
beta-BHC
Zytron
Heptachlor Epoxide
gamma-Chlordane
o,p'-DDE
p,p'-DDE
o,p'-DDD
o,p'-DDT
p,p'-DDD
p,p'-DDT
Oxychlordane
Methoxychlor*
* Denotes that the particular compound is present in more than one fraction
F-13
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DUAL COLUMN GC/EC COMPOUND CONFIRMATION
FRACTION "F"
PESTICIDE ANALYTICAL COLUMN
(1.5%SP-2250/1.95%SP-2401)
Compound
Ret. Time
Trifluralin 1.72 min
Hexachlorobenzene 1.95 "
gamma-BHC (Lindane) 2.61 "
beta-BHC 2.97 "
Zytron 4.56 "
Oxychlordane 5.14 "
Heptachlor Epoxide 5.64 "
qarnma-Chlordane 6.26 "
o,p'-DDE 6.70 "
p,p'-DDE 8.16 "
o,p'-DDD 9.59 "
o.p'-DDT 11.44 "
p,p'-DDD 12.46 "
p,p'-DDT 14.97 "
Mi rex (ISTD) 22.70 "
Methoxychlor 28.73 "
PESTICIDE CONFIRMATION COLUMN
(3%SP-2100)
Compound
Ret. Time
Hexachlorobenzene 3.31 min
Trifluralin 3.64 "
qamma-BHC/beta-BHC 3.90 "
Zytron 7.19 "
Oxychlordane/
Heptachlor Epoxide 9.16 "
qamma-Chlordane/
o,p'-DDE 10.01 "
p,p'-DDE 12.26 "
o,p'-DDD 13.06 "
p.p'-DDD/o.p'-DDT 16.55 "
p,p'-DDT 20.64 "
Methoxychlor 30.35 "
Mi rex (ISTD) 33.64 "
ISTD = Internal Standard
F-14
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APPENDIX G
Summary, by Category, of Compounds, Their Production Method
and Uses for Compounds Found at Concentrations Greater Than 5 ppm
-------
Alcohols, Organic Acids, Ethers and Esters
Compound
alcohols, misc.
tetradecanoic acid
hexadecanoic acid
phenylacetic acid
diphenyl ether
diethylphthalate
di-n-butyl phthalate
bis-(2-ethylhexyl)
phthalate
trimethyl ester of
phosphoric acid
Production
hydrolysis of 1ipids
hydrolysis of 1ipids
oxidation of phenyl
ethyl alcohol
condensation of phenol
esterfication of
phthalic acid
esterfication of
phthalic acid
esterfication of
phthalic acid
esterfication of
phosphoric acid
Use
solvents
soaps
soaps
perfumery
heat transfer,
perfuming soaps,
chemical inter-
mediate
solvent, fixative
insect repellent
plasticizer
fire retardant
G-l
-------
Chlorinated Aliphatic and Aromatic Hydrocarbons
All compounds in this group are produced by successive chlorinations of an
organic starting material. Uses of those compounds are as follows:
Compound
chlorobenzene
1,2-dichlorobenzene
1,4-dichlorobenzene
1,3-dichlorobenzene
1,2,4-trichlorobenzene
1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene
pentachlorobenzene
2-chloronaphthalene
dichloromethane
Use
solvent, chloronitrobenzene
intermediate
toluene diisocyanate process
solvent
mothballs, room deodorants
solvent, dye carrier
chemical intermediate
pentachloronitrobenzene
intermediate
dielectric, dye solvent
cellulose acetate solvent,
degreasing and cleaning fluids
6-2
-------
Summary of Aldehydes and Ketones
Compounds
diacetone alcohol
phorone
4,5-dimethyl-2-
cyclohexen-1-one
3-hexen-2-one
2-methyl-2-octen-4-one
phenylacetaldehyde
Production Use
acetone condensation solvent
byproduct of diacetone —
alcohol, isophorone
byproduct of isophorone —
acetone/propionaldehyde —
condensation
acetone/hexanone —
condensation
nitric oxide oxidation of perfumery
phenylethyl alcohol
G-3
-------
Naphthalene and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
All of the naphthalenes are production of coal tar and can be produced by
the incomplete combustion of coal. Naphthalene is used industrially to manu-
facture phthalic acid (by oxidation). Naphthalene is widely used as a starting
material for various dye intermediates. Naphthalene has also found some use
as a solvent and lubricant. All of the other naphthalenes have very limited
or no industrial significance.
Compound
naphthalene
methyl naphthalene
dimethyl naphthalene
tn'methyl naphthalene
1,2,3-trimethyl-4-propenylnaphthalene
tetramethylnaphthal ene
pentamethylnaphthal ene
tert-butylnaphthalene
acenaphthene
6-4
-------
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are also produced as a result of the
incomplete combustion of coal. These compounds have no industrial signifi
cance, except for 1-chloroanthraquinone, used in dye manufacture.
Compound
fluorene
dibenzofuran
4-nethyldi benzofuran
dimethyldi benzofuran
11 H - benzo(a)fluorene
fluoranthene
methylf1uoranthene
benzo(b)fluoranthene
benzo(q,h,i)fluoranthene
methylbenzo(g,h,i)fluoranthene
anthracene and phenanthrene
methyl anthracene
methylphenanthrene
dimethylphenanthrene
1-chloroanthraquinone
benzo(a)anthrancene and chrysene
methylchrysene
4 H -cyclopenta(d,e,f)phenanthrene
pyrene
methylpyrene
benzo(a)pyrene
i ndeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
benzo(g,h,i)perylene
G-5
-------
Nitro, Nitroso, and Amino Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Compound
nitroaromatics
chloronitroaromatics
aminonitroaromatics
ch loroanri noaromatics
1,2-diphenylhydrazine
N-nitrosodiphenylamine
Production
combinations of nitration,
amination or (nitro)
reduction, and chlorination
reactions
reduction of nitrobenzene
nitrosation of diphenylamine
Use
dye intermediate
dye intermediate
impurity in azo
dyes
G-6
-------
PCBs and Pesticides
Compound
Aroclor 1248
Aroclor 1254
Zytron
p.p-DDD
Products
chlorination of biphenyl
chlorination of biphenyl
1) methanol and dichlorophenol
esterfication of phosphoric acid
2) amidization with isopropylamine
through the acid chloride
Condensation of chlorobenzene with
dichloroacetaldehyde or breakdown
product of DDT
Use
dielectric in
transformers,
hydraulic fluid
solvent
dielectric in
transformers,
hydraulic fluid
solvent
herbicide
insecticide
6-7
-------
Unsubstituted Aliphatic and Aromatic Hydrocarbons
hydrocarbons, misc.
This group most likely consists of branched and unbranched alkanes found
in petroleum refinery cuts, such as gasoline, kerosene, and fuel oils. These
compounds are obtained by cracking and/or alkalation processes carried out on
crude petroleum.
toluene
Toluene can be obtained from natural sources such as petroleum or coal
tar. It can also be produced from alkanes by catalytic reforming. Toluene is
used as a solvent and as an organic chemical starting material for producing
a wide variety of products.
G-8
-------
Phenols
Compounds
4-(tert-butyl)phenol
4-(l,l,3,3,-tetramethylbutyl)
phenol
picric acid
Production
alkylation of phenol
alkylation of phenol
mixed acid nitration
of phenol sulfonates
Use
intermediate,
deemulsifier,
oil additive
nonionic detergent
manufacture
explosives
6-9
-------
Polyalicyclic Compounds
cholestdne-3-ol, and 2,3-epoxycholestane, are related to cholesterol:
Cholestane-3-ol and 2,3-epoxycholestane are cholesterol derivatives found
in human waste. These compounds indicate the presence of untreated sewage,
G-10
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TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)
1. REPORT NO. 2.
EPA-905/3-84-001
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
1981 Buffalo New York Area Sediment Survey
7 AUTHOR(S)
David C. Rockwell, Roger E. Claff
Douglas W. Kuehl
9 PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
Great Lakes National Program Office - Chicago, IL
Environmental Research Laboratory - Duluth, MN
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
Great Lakes National Program Office
U.S. Enviornmental Protection Agency
536 South Clark Street
Chicago, Illinois 60605
3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION NO.
5. REPORT DATE
April 1984
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
2BAG45
11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
CODE
REPORT NO.
13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
Final
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
Great Lakes National Program
Office-USEPA-Region V
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
16. ABSTRACT
The purpose of this report is to present the analytical results of the organic and
inorganic findings from 103 sediment survey sites. The Buffalo New York area con-
tained within the survey is a heavily contaminated area. Almost all of the 66 sites
analyzed contained sediments which exceeded USEPA-Region V classification of heavily
polluted for conventional contaminants and/or metals. Insufficient benthic living
organisms were found in any of the sediments collected to permit analysis for
contaminants.
Organic substances in this survey which were, "identified" and "quantified" by
GC/MS to have concentrations of 5ppm or greater, contained nine potential or
positive carcinogens and eight substances having a potential for chronic aquatic
toxicity. The carcinogenic toxicants are: anthracene, benzo(a)anthracene, benzo-
(a)pyrene, chlorotoluene, fluoranthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, pyrene, and
tetrachlorobenzene. The aquatic toxicants are: acenapthene, p-tert-butyl phenol,
chlorobenzene, chloronaphthalene, di-n-butylphthalate, dichlorobenzene, penta-
chlorobenzene, and trichlorobenzene.
17. KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
a. DESCRIPTORS
Sediment, Carcinogens, Aquatic Toxicity
Buffalo, New York
18. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
Limited copies free of charge at GLNPO
Otherwise available through NTIS
Springfield, VA 22161
b.lDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS
Toxicants
Niagara River
19. SECURITY CLASS (This Report)
Unclassified
20 SECURITY CLASS (This page)
Unclassified
c. COS AT I Field/Group
21. NO. OF PAGES
184
22. PRICE
EPA Form 2220-1 (Rev. 4-77) PREVIOUS EDITION is OBSOLETE
U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1984 755-629
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United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Great Lakes National
Program Office
536 South Clark
Chicago, Illinois 60605
Official Business
Penalty For Private Use
$300
Postage and
Fees Paid
Environmental
Protection
Agency
EPA-335
Buffalo, New York
1981 Sediment Survey Area
1
1
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:¥:%
Sfl
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:
m
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$
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Cover Design: USEPA, Region V, Graphic Art Section
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