EPA-905/4-75-001 r . , mm . .
• i «« -•/>-,/. Environmental Monitoring
July 23, 1976
Michigan Tributary Loadings
To The Upper Great Lakes
-------
NOTICE
COPIES OF APPENDIX "B" (A COMPUTER PRINT-OUT OF DATA) MAYBE REQUESTED FROM
THE FOLLOWING OFFICE:
Dr. M.P. Bratzel
International Joint Commission
'Great Lakes Regional Office
100 Ouellette Avenue
Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9A 6T3
-------
EPA-905/4-75-001 ' Environmental Monicoring
July 23, 1976
MICHIGAN TRIBUTARY
LOADINGS TO THE UPPER GREAT LAKES
By
State of Michigan
Department of Natural Resources
Stevens T. Mason Building
Lansing, Michigan
Contract Number 68-01-1899
Project C2, ULRG-IJC
Program Element 2BH155
USEPA Project Officer
Robert J. Bowden
Chief, Great Lakes Surveillance Branch
Region. V 1819 W. Pershing Road
Chicago, IL 60609
Cooperating Program
Great Lakes Initiative
Region V 230 S. Dearborn Street
hicago, IL 60604
Prepared for:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
IN SUPPORT OF THE INTERNATIONAL
JOINT COMMISSION-UPPER LAKES
REFERENCE GROUP OF WORKING GROUP C
GREAT LAKES REGIONAL OFFICE
100 OUELLETTE AVENUE, 8TH FLOOR
WINDSOR, ONTARIO N9A6T3
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
This series describes research conducted to develop new or
improved methods and instrumentation for the identification
and quantification of environmental pollutants at the lowest
conceivably significant concentrations. It also includes
studies to determine the ambient concentrations of pollutants
in the erivii'onment and/or the variance of pollutants as a
function of time or meteorological factors.
"This report has been reviewed by
EPA, and approved for publication.
Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily
reflect the viex^s and policies of the Environmental
Protection Agency, nor does mention of trade names or
commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation
for use."
ii
-------
INTRODUCTION
The State of Michigan, through funding by the EPA, participated in the Inter-
national Joint Commission's Upper Lakes Reference Group (IJC-ULKG) study of Lake
Huron and Lake Superior tributaries. This program began in July 1973 and ended
in June 1975. During this two year period, thirty-three of the major tributar-
ies to Lakes Superior and Huron were sampled. This sampling program was designed
to provide tributary water quality and constituent loading data to the ULRG as
part of their study of these two lakes.
Michigan's participation in the ULRG tributary sampling program consisted of
planning, data collecting and analysis, and data reporting. The work was per-
formed in accordance with the guidelines set forth by Work Group C (WG-C) of the
ULRG.
The purpose of this report is to describe Michigan's activities in this pro-
ject and to summarize the resultant data and constituent loadings. This report
is the final project report to EPA, and the last step in fulfilling the reporting
requirements of EPA Contract No. 68-01-1899.
Monitoring Network
The sampling network Michigan established, follox^ing the Work Group C guide-
lines, consisted of sixteen Lake Superior tributaries and seventeen Lake Huron
tributaries.
The initial program, as outlined for WG-C consisted of thirty-three stations,
one on each of the significant tributaries to Lakes Superior and Huron. However,
initial field visits and later reconnaissance indicated that some of the initial
stream sites were adversely affected by lake water. To avoid the dilution effects
of the lakes, new stations were selected upstream. This occasionally resulted in
placing a station above the confluence of a major tributary to that stream. Con-
sequently, two stations were needed to obtain the necessary datr. to compute load-
ings for the tributary. Table A-l in Appendix A lists the Lakes Superior and Huron
tributaries sampled in this project. This table includes the original station lo-
cations associated with each tributary, and any appropriate additions are listed in
chronological order.
Each of these tributaries was sampled monthly, with three extra samplings occurr-
ing during the high runoff periods of the spring months according to the following
schedule:
1.) Lake Superior tributaries: Bi-monthly sampling during
April, May and June.
2.) Lake Huron tributaries: Bi-monthly sampling during
March, April and May.
For each sampling visit a number of water quality parameters were analyzed and
stream flow determinations were made. Some parameters required more frequent
sampling than others. A listing of the parameters sampled and their related fre-
quency is gix-en in Table A-2, Appendix A.
-------
.Data Collection and Analysis
"Michigan sub-contracted the Upper Peninsula tributary sampling*to Environmental
Research Group, Inc. (ERG, Inc.) of Ann Arbor, Michigan. ERG collected water
samples and determined stream flows where U.f.. Geological Survey (USGS) data was
not available, at all of the Upper Peninsula tributary monitoring stations. In
addition, ERG performed all the necessary laboratory analytical work required,
including inter-laboratory comparisons with Michigan. The Lower Peninsula tribu-
taries were sampled by Michigan and these samples were analyzed by our laborator-
ies. In addition, stream flow data was provided by Michigan at all streams not
included in the U.S. Geological Survey program.
Sample collection by Michigan and ERG was essentially the same, each using
similar sampling apparatus. All samples were subsequently ti'ansported to the
appropriate laboratories within 30 hours after sampling, where all analytical
work was conducted. The exceptions to the above are for the following analyti-
cal test performed by the indicated agency in the field:
1.) Michigan - Field determination for temperature only,
2.) ERG - Field determinations for temperature, dissolved
oxygen, 5-day biochemical oxygen demand, conductivity,
pH, total coliforms and fecal coliforms.
Both the Michigan Laboratory and the ERG Laboratory used similar analytical
techniques in their analysis of water samples. Nunerous samples were split be-
tween laboratories to assure similar results. Individual analyses were per-
formed by approved EPA methods. Table A-3 in Appendix A lists the methodology
used for each of the parameters analyzed. Table A-4 lists the field preservation
techniques used by the field crews for all parameters not analyzed in the field.
Stream flow measurements were determined at each sampling site x?ith each
visit. Stream flow was determined where possible using appropriate USGS guage
sites and extrapolating stream flow using a drainage area ratio for the sampling
station. When no USGS guage was available field determinations of stream flow
was made at the time of sampling. The field methods employed, were either on-
site stream guaging at the time of sampling or developing a stage-discharge re-
lationship near the sampling site. The latter method enabled the field crew to
determine water depth from a reference mark or staff guage. This measurement
was used to calculate stream flow from the stage-discharge curves. Table A-5
in Appendix A summarizes the method of stream flow determination used for each
of the tributary streams.
Data Reporting
A report of this two year study was submitted to the IJC-ULRG. This report,
•entitled "Land Source Inputs to Upper Great Lakes from the U.S."-*- consisted of a
data summary and materials loadings for all the ULRG tributaries of Michigan,
Minnesota and Wisconsin. In addition, loadings were calculated for the ULRG
municipal and industrial direct point source inputs .from these three agencies
(for this report to EPA, only Michigan tributary loadings are included).
-------
The data gathered by the three jurisdictions was assembled by Michigan and
loadings were calculated using a computer program developed by Michigan. The
entire project report is included in Appendix B. The following table, "Summary
of Tributary Inputs to Lakes Superior and Huron from Michigan11 was constructed
from the project report.
-------
TABLE 1
SUMMARY OF TRIBUTARY INPUTS TO LAKES SUPERIOR AND HURON FROM MICHIGAN
Compiled from WG-C Project Report to ULRG
ALL LOADINGS ARE EXPRESSED IN METRIC TONS/YEAR
PARAMETER
Alkalinity
Arsenic, dissolved
Barium, dissolved
Biochemical oxygen demand
Cadmium, dissolved
Calcium
Total organic carbon
Chemical oxygen demand
Chloride
Chromium, dissolved
Copper, dissolved
Cyanide
Fluoride, dissolved
Iron
Lead, dissolved
Magnesium
Manganese, dissolved
Mercury
Nickel, dissolved
Nitrogen, total
Nitrogen, Nitrate + Nitrite'
Nitrogen, Orgaaic
Nitrogen, Auaionia
'Oil & Grease
Pesticides, total
Phenols
"hosphorus
'hosphorus, Soluble
hthalates, Diethylhexyl
olychlorinated biphenyl
Dtassium
•lenium, dissolved
lica, dissolved
Iver, dissolved
lium
•al solids
al dissolved solids
al suspended solids
"ate, dissolved
•., dissolved
LAKE SUPERIOR
249,000
16
640
7,400
8
99,300
269,000
250,000
36,900
32
38
14
1,100
5,400
250
21,200
88
5
28
4,000
2,700
450
832
3,900
Less than 1
20
210
100
Less than 1
Not detected
13,300
10
16,900
18
26,500
774,000
456,000
195,000
51,100
160
LAKE HURON
1,829,000
9
765
42,000
14
625,000
287,000
350,000
406,000
3
46
Not detected
2,500
20,400
100
180,000
260
1
62
24,800
13,400
9,500
2,000
26,400
Less than 1
69
2,100
870
64
Less than 1
23,400
3
85,300
29
173,000
4,250,000
3,580,000
436,000
402,000
140
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APPENDIX A
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TABLE A-l
TRIBUTARY SAMPLING STATIONS USED FOR THE ULRG STUDY
LAKE SUPERIOR BASIN
Tributary
Betsy River
Black River
Carp River
Chocolay River
Dead River
Falls River
Iron River
Mineral River
Montreal River
Ontonagon River
Presque Isle River
Silver River
Sturgeon River
Tahquamenon River
Two Hearted River
Uaiska River
E. Branch
W. Branch
Tributary Name
Au Gres River
Au Sable River
(Van Etten Creek)
Cheboygan River
Kawkawlin River
Ocqueoc River
Pigeon River
Pinconning River
Station No.
170010 '
270018
520033
520084
520083
070007
070027
660005
660047
660021
270004
660004
660038
270005
270019
070026
070029
310006
170007
480009
1700433
170046
170047
LAKE HURON
Station No.
060025
060023
350022
350058
350061
350062
160023
160053
090007
710033
320093
090065
County
Chippewa
Gogebic
Marquette
Marquette
Marquette
Baraga
Baraga
Ontonagon
Ontonagon
Ontonagon
Gogebic
Ontonagon
Ontonagon
Gogebic
Gogebic
Baraga
Baraga
Houghton
Chippewa
Luce
Chippewa
Chippewa
Chippewa
BASIN
County
Arenac
Arenac
losco
losco
losco
losco
Cheboygan
Cheboygan
Bay
Presque Isle
Huron
Bay
o
Period of Record
7/73 - 6/75
7/73 - 6/75.
7/73 - 6/75
7/73 - 6/75
7/73 - 6/75
7/73 - 11/73 & 11/74-6/7:
12/73 - 10/74
7/73 - 9/73
10/73 - 6/75
7/73 - 6/75
7/73 - 6/75
7/73 - 9/73
10/73 - 6/75
7/73 - 8/73
9/73 - 6/75
7/73 - 11/73
12/73 - 6/75
7/73 - 6/75
7/73 - 6/75
7/73 - 6/75
7/73 - 11/73
12/73 - 6/75
12/73 - 6/75
Period of Record2
7/73 -
11/73
7/73 --
10/73
11/73
11/73
7/73 -
11/73
7/73 -
7/73 -
7/73 -
7/73 -
10/73
- 6/75
9/73
- 6/75
- 6/75
10/73
- 6/75
6/75
6/75
6/75
6/75
-------
(LAKE HURON BASIN CONTINUED)
Tributary Name Station No. County Period of Record
*
Pine River 490006 Mackinac 7/73 - 6/75
Pine River 060006 Arenac 7/73 - 6/75
Pinnebog River 320027 Huron . 7/73 - 2/74
320100 Huron 3/74 - 6/75
Rifle River 060007 Arenac 7/73 - 6/75
Saginaw River 0900083 Bay 7/73 - 10/73
090162 Bay 11/73 - 6/75
Sebewaing River 320024 Huron 7/73 - 6/75
Tawas River 350021 losco 7/73 - 9/73
350059 losco 10/73 - 6/75
Thunder Bay River 0400143 Alpena 7/73 - 10/73
040067 Alperia 11/73 - 6/75
Whitney Drain 060031 Arenac 7/73 - 6/75
Willow River 320026 Huron 7/73 - 6/75
The tributaries listed are the principal tributaries selected at the beginning
of the program. As noted, more than one station may be associated with each
tributary.
f\
*• The period of record lists the beginning and ending months of sampling. For
instance, 7/73 - 10/73 means that the first sample vas collected in July 1973
and the last sample was collected in October 1973.
o
These stations were initially Pampled in the program. However, the effects of
lake water intrusion greatly biased the sample rendering the data useless.
Therefore, these stations were not included in the loadings computation.
-------
TABLE A-2
WATER QUALITY PARAMETERS AND THEIR FREQUENCY OF SAMPLING*
A. Items for routine sampling of tributaries at least monthly and bi-monthly
during spring runoff:
'Microbiological Chemical
total colifona • dissolved oxygen
fecal coliform phenol
total iron
total phosphorus
Physical silica
ammonia nitrogen
flow total nitrogen
temperature chloride
pH ' alkalinity
conductivity manganese
turbidity biochemical oxygen demand
suspended solids
Others
As needed or described in agency programs
nitrate nitrogen
soluble phosphorus
organic nitrogen
total solids
total dissolved solids
B. Items for sampling at least three times per year, for background information:
Radiological Others Metals
gross beta cyanide arsenic
tritium fluoride barium
strontium stilfate cadmium
radium chemical oxygen demand chromium
copper
Organics lead
mercury
pesticides nickel
oil selenium
chlorinated hydrocarbons "zinc
total organic carbon ' calcium
polychlorinated biphenyls magnesium
phthalates sodium
*This material is the preliminary study plan for potassium
Working Group C, ULRG silver
-------
TABLE A-3
General Chemical and Physical Analytical
Methods for Water Samples
March 1976
-------
MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES
WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION LABORATORY
General Chemical and Physical Analytical Methods for Water Samples
March '1976
Opt imuni Ranqc
Parameter
Acidity, Total , Hot
Alkalinity, Bicarbonate
Alkalinity, Carbonate
Alkal inity. Total
Aluminum, Total
Aluminum, Dissolved
Antimony, Total
Antimony, Dissolved
Arsenic, Total
Arsenic, Dissolved
Storet
Number
70508
00425
00430
00410
01105
onos
01097
01095
01002
01000
Min.
Volume
ml (0
100
150
100
50
100
100
5.00
Surface
Water
1-250 mg
CaCO,/l
1-250 mg
CaCO /I
1-250 mg
CaC03/l
1-10 ug
As/1
Waste
Water
2-200 mg
Ca€03/l
1-250 mg
CaCC3/l
1-250 mg
CaC03/l
1-250 mg
CaC03/l
200-10POO
ug Al/1
soo-iopoo
ug Sb/1
10-100
ug As/1
Method of Analysis
Phenolphthalein Endpolnt
Difference of Total and
Carbonate Alkalinity
Phenolphthalein Endpoint
Automated Methyl Orange
Atomi'c Absorption
(5)
Atomic Absorption
(5)
Atomic Absorption,
Gaseous Hydride
(5)
References
Standard EPA ASTM
Methods Methods Part 31
1971 (2) 1974 (3) 197^ f4
_._---- r* 1 - ninfi7-7nc
p. 124
1H9 ....... ..-._..
P. 55
P. 55
p. ., .... —
p. 210 p. 92
• yn
-------
Parameter
Storet Min. Surface W,iLi.o
Number Volume Water W^ter
ml (1)
Method of Analysis
Standard hiV\ AST,",
Methods Methods Part 31
1971 (2) 1974' (3) 1974 (4
Barium, Total
Barium, Dissolved
0100? 1000 10-500 200-10POO
ug Ba/1 ug Ba/1
01005
Atomic Absorption
(5)
129
p. 210
P. S7
Beryl 1ium, Total
Beryllium, Dissolved
01012 100
01010
,50-2000
ug Be/1
Atomic Absorption
(5)
-.23 p. 99
p. 210
Biochemical Oxygen,
Demand, 5 Day
Biochemical Oxygen
Demand, 20 Day
Biochemical Oxygen
Demand, Carb., 20 Day
Boron, Total
Boron, Dissolved
Bromide
Cadmium, Total
Cadmium, Dissolved
Calcium, Total
Carbon Dioxida
00310
00324
80087
01022
01020
71870
01027
01025
00916
•
C0405-
300 0.5-8
rng/1
300 0.5-8
mg/1
300 0.5-8
rng/1
25-1000
mg/1
25-1000
mg/1
25-1000
mg/1
50 100-3000 100-3000
ug B/l ug B/l
100 0.1-10. 1-100
mg Br/1 • mg Br/1
100 0.1-2.0 10-2000
ug Cd/1 ug Cd/1
200 10-100 20-200
mg Ca/1 mg Ca/1
25.0 0.1-50
mg C02/l
Probe Method, 20°C ' 219 (6) p. 11 (6) —
p. 489
Probe Method, 20°C 219 (6) -
p. 489
Probe Method minus 219 (6) --• —~ ~
Nitrification, 20°C p. 489
Curcumin Method • 107A p. 13
p. 69
(5)
Specific Ion Electrode -----—
Atomic Absorption, Flama- \29 • • p. 10-1 D2576-70
less or Conventional Method P. 210 ' p. 351
(5)
EDTA Titration • 110C p. 19
p. 84
Nomographic Determination 111A .-—— .......
P. 87
-------
Parameter
Carbon, Total Organic
Carbon, Total Organic
Chemical Oxygen Demand,
High Level
Chemical Oxygen Demand,
Low Level
Chloride •
Chlorine, Total Residual
Chlorophyll A
Chromium, Total
Chromium, Dissolved
Chromium, Hexavalent
Chromium, Trivalent
Cobalt, Total
Cobalt, Dissolved
9
Color
Storet
Number
OOooO
00680
00940
50060
32209
01034
,01030
01032
01033
01037
01035
00080
Min.
Vo 1 ume
ml (D
50 .
r A
pu
50
500
100
1000
50
1000
100
50
Surface
Water
. 1 -3U
mg C/l
00 On
mg/1
0.1-100
mg Cl/1
0.1-3.0
mg/1
0.1-10
ug/1
1-500
ug Cr/1
10-1000
ug/1
Pt. Co
Water
-2000
mg C/l
mg/1
1 1-500
mg Cl/1
1-10
mg/1
10-5000
ug Cr/1
10-1000
ug/1
1 U- i UUU
ug/1
ug Co/1
Method of Analysis
IR
Direct Injection, Cornbus™
tiori, Methane Detection
Automated rerricyanide
lodometric Method (7)
Fl uorometr i c , Corrected
Atomic Absorption
(5)
D i pheny 1 carbaz i de Method
Chromium
(5)
platinum-Cobalt Method
1971 (2) EPA
Standard Methods
Methods 1974 (3)
P. 257
220 (6) p. 20 (6)
p. 495
220 (6) p 21 (6)
p. 495
p. 110
p. 748 (6)
129 p. 105
p. 210
p. 156
1 ift n ^&
p. 160 (6) (6)
AS i n
Part 31
1974 (4
D2579-74
p. 467(6
D1252-67
p. 472(6
D 125 2-67
p. 472(6
02576-70
p. 351
D257S-70
p. 351.
-------
Parameter
;o»duct ivi ty
;opper, Total
:opper, Dissolved
Cyanide, Free
>/anide, Total
rluoride, Total
lardness, Total
Iodide
Iron, Total
Iron, Dissolved
_ead, Total
Lead, Dissolved
Lead, Total
Lead, Dissolved
Storct
' Number
01042
01040
00722
00720
00951
00900
71865
01045
01046
01051
01049
01051
01049
Mi n. Suri oca
Volume Water
ml (1)
1000 1-500 ug
Cu/1
250 0.01-1.00
mg CM/1
50 0.01-2.00
mg F/l
100 5-500 mg
CaCG3/l
CA _.._....__
1000 5-500
ug Fe/1
50 1-10 ug
Pb/1
Wo i. Ic
V/ater
10-5000
ug Cu/1
0.01-1.00
mg CM/1
0.01-1.00
me CN/1
0.01-2.00
mg F/l
5-500 mg
CaCOj/i
0.01-0.10
mg I/I
50-5000
ug Fe/1
50-5000
ug Pb/1
Mutlioti of Analysis
Sec Specific Conductance
Atomic Absorption
(5)
Chlor i nat ion, Pyridine-
Barbituric Acid Method
Pyridine-Borbitur ic Acid
Method (8)
Specific Ion Electrode
EOTA Titration
Photometric
Atom.ic Absorption
(5)
Atomic Absorption,
Flameless
(5)
Atomic Absorption
(5)
197i U) EPA
Standard Methods
Methods • 1974 (3)
129 p. 108
p. 210
-____-_ rr Lf\
1218 p, 65
p. 172
1223 p. 68
p. 179
p. 185
129 p. 110
p. 120
129 p. 112
p. 210
A3TM
Part 31
1974(4)
D2576-70
p. 351
D2036-74F.
P. 505
02036-74;
p. 503
D1179-B
p. 313
D1126-67E
p. 169
01246-68;
P. 325
02576-70
p. 351
02576-70
P. 351
-------
Parameter
.ithium, Total
.ithium, Dissolved
Magnesium, Total
Manganese, Total
Isnganese, Dissolved
-lercury, Total
'icthylene Blue
Active Substances
•Molybdenum, Total
Molybdenum, Dissolved
Nickel, Total
Nickel, Dissolved
Nitrogen, Ammonia, Total
Nitrogen, Kjeldahl, Tptal
Hitronen. Nitrate olus
Storst
Number
01132
01130
00927
01055
01056
71900
38260
01062
01060
01067
01065
00610
00625
00630
Min. Surface
Volume Water
ml (1)
1000 1-500 ug
Li/1
50 0.1-25.
mg Mg/1
1000 1-200 ug
Mn/1
500 0.2-10
ug Hg/1
1000 5-500 ug
Ni/1
50 0.001-0,50
mg N/l
50 0.01-2.00
mg N/l
50 0.01-2.00
Woste
Water
0.1-25.
mg Kg/ 1
10-2000
ug Mn/1
0.2-10
ug Kg/1
0.01-1.00
mg/1
100-10,000
ug Mo/1
50-5000
ug Ni/1
0.01-5.0
mg N/l
0.01-2.0
mg N/l
0.01*2.0
Method of Analysis
Atomic Absorption
(5)
Atomic Absorption
Atomic Absorption
(5)
Cold Vapor Method
Methyl ene Slue Method
Atomic Absorption
(5) •
Atomic Absorption
(5)
Automated Phenate
Block Oigestor,
Automated Salicylatfl
Automat-fid Cadmium
Sianciard EPA AS ill
Methods Methods Pert 31
1971 (2) 1974 (3) 1974 (4)
•
129 p. 114 D2576-70
P. 210 p. 351
129 p. 116 02576-70
P. 210 p. 351
P. 344
159A p. 157 D2330-63
P. 339 p. 494
p. 351
Nitrite, Total
mg N/i mg N/l
Reduction
-------
Parameter
Nitrogen, Nitrite, Total
Nitrogen, Organic, TotsJ
Nitrogen, Total
Oi 1 and Gresse
Oxygen, Dissolved
pH
Phenol ics, Total ,
Recoverable
Phosphate, Ortho, Total (9)
Phosphorus, Total
| Potassium, Total
Residue, Settleable
: Residue, Total
i
' Residue, Total
!
: Residue, Total Filtrable
Storet
Number
OGS15
,00605
00600
00560
00300
00400
32730
70507
00665
00937
00546
00500
00500
70300
Min.
Volume
ml (1)
50
100
150
500
300
200
/;>.-„..'
-4000—
50
50
50
500
500
250
250
Sur i uco
Water
O.OC1-0.100
rag N/l
0.01-2.00
Mg N/l
0.01-4.00
mg N/l
1-30 rag/1
0.1-20 mg/1
6.5-9.5
SU
0.5-40
ug/1
0.001-0.50
mg P/l
0.001-0.50
mg P/l
0.01-4.0
mg K/l'
1-100
mg/1
ICO -1000
mg/1
300-1000
rag/1
Wdi/LO
Water
0.01-0.20
mg N/l
0.01-2.0
mg N/l
1-30 mg/1
0.1-20 mg/1
0.0-14.0
SU
10-3000
ug/l
0.01-5.0
mg P/l
0.01-5.0
mg P/l
0.01-4.0
mg K/l
1-100
mg/1
100-10,000
mg/1
300-1 opoo
mg/1
Method of Analysis Standard
Methods
1971 (2)
Color Jrnetr Ic
Ammoni a
and Kjeldahl Nitrogen
Method
Modified W inkier 21 8B
P. 477
Electrometr ic 221
p. 500
Distillation, 4AAP 222?, C,D
p. 502
Ascorbic Acid Reduction
Automated Single Reagent
Gravimetric, 1 Hour (11) 224F
Glass FiberrFiltration 105 C p. 539
f i 1 trable Residues
Gravimetric, 105 C ' 224A
p. 535
Filtered, 180°C
EPA
Methods
1974 (3)
p. 215
p. 232
p. 51
P. 239
p. 241
p. 256 (6)
P. 256 (6)
p. 143
p. 268 (6)
p. 270
p. 266
ASili
Part 31
1974 (4
D1589-6
P. 37
D1293-6
p. 18
D1783-7
p. 542
-------
Parameter
Residue, Total Nonf il trable
Residue, Totat Volatile
Residue, Volatile Filtrable
Residue, Volatile Nonfiltrable
Selenium, Total
Selenium, Dissolved
Sil ica, Dissolved (13)
Si !ver, Total
Silver, Dissolved
Sodium, Total
Sol ids
So! ids, Dissolved
Solids, Dissolved, Total
Specific Conductance
Storet
Number
00530
00505
00520
OG535
01147
01145
00955
01C77
01075
00929
70301
47004
00095
M I n .
Volume
ml (1)
250
500
250
250
500
50
1000
50
1000
100
100
Surf <.ce
Wcter
1-100
mg/l
1-100
mg/l
2-10 ug
Se/1
0.01-10.0
mg Si 02/1
1-200 ug
Ag/1
0.1-50.
mg Na/1
50-500
mg/l
50-350
mg/l
100-1500
urnho/cm
Wi-isLo
Water
1-100
mg/l
4-2COO
mg/l
4-2000
mg/1
1-100
mg/l
10-100
ug Sc/1
0.1-10.0
mg Si 02/1
0.1-50.
mg Na/1
100-2500
umho/cm
fiothoci of Analysis
Gravimetric, Gloss Fiber
Filtration, 105°C
Gravimetric, 550°C
Gravimetric, Glass Fiber
Filtered, 550°C
Gravimetric, Glass Fiber
Filtration, 550°C (12)
Atomic Absorption
Gaseous Hydride
(5)
Automated Molybdosi 1 icate
Atomic Absorption
(5) •
Atomic Absorption
See Residues
Sum of Constituents
65% of Specific
Conductance at 25°C
Wheststone Bridge,
Corrected to 25°C
Standard EPA ASTM
Methods Methods Part 31
1971 (2) 1974 (3) 1974 (4;
?°4r n ?AR --__.-•
p. 537
P. 53S
p. f-li-
9?iiD n 979 _______
P. 538
1C1R ,. _______ ______
'-51 (6) "
p. 302^ ;
1 QC i-» 1 h£>
p. 210
1 nnr —
p. 38 (6)
154 p. 275 D 1125 -6*
p.. 323 p. 128
-------
Parameter
5ulfate, Dissolved (14)
sulfide, Total
sulfide, Total
Sulf i te
4
Tannin and Lignin.
Thai 1 ium, Total
Thai 1 ium, Dissolved
Tin, Total
Tin, Dissolved
Titanium, Total
Titanium, Dissolved
Turbidity
Vanadium, Total
Vanadium, Dissolved
Storet Hi n. Sur; occ
Number Volume Water
ml (1)
00946 100 0.1-100
mg SO^/l
"jooLn *>cn _______
01057
01100
01152 1000 100-500
ug Ti/1 '
01150
00076 50 0.1-100
FTU
01085
Water
1-100 mg
0.05-10.
mg S/l
10-100
mg S/l
1-50 mg
S03/l
50-1000
mg/1
500-1 opoo
ug Tl/1
500-2000
ug Sn/i
2000-10,000
ug Ti/1
1-100
FTU
500-10,000
ug V/l
Mcvhod of Analysis
Barium Chloride
"fu rcnnetr ic
Me thy lone Blue Method
Titr imatr ic, Iodine
Ti tr iffiutr ic, lodide-
1 odu CO
Tungstophosphor ic and
Moiybdophosphoric Acid
Atomic Absorption
(5)
Atomic Absorption
(5) '
Atomic Absorption
(5)
Hach Turbidimeter
Atomic Absorption
(5)
Stan-did LPA AST,",
Methods Methods Part 31
1971 (2) 1974 (3) 1974 (V
156C (6) p. 277 D5168-&'
P. 334 (6) p. 428(c
ooflr ........ -___---
p. 558
99 3 A n 9Pii »..^._^^_
P. 552
158 p. 285 01339-7:
p. 337 , p. 438
P. 346
_______ r\ 1C1 _______
163A p. 295 D188S-7'
p. 350 p. 231
_______ r\ 1C7 _______
-------
Parameter
Storet Min. Suriaco
Number Volume Water
ml (i)
Method of Analysis
Stonciard EPA A3'i;i
Methods Methods Part 31
1971 (2) 1974 (3) 1974 (Vj
Zinc, Total
line, Dissolved
01032 1000 1-200 ug 10-2000 Atomic Absorption
Zn/1 ug Zn/1
01090
(5)
210 p. 155 D2576-7C
P. 129 p. 351
-------
Notes
1. Minimum sample volumes are based on volumes needed to perform quality assurance analyses and repeat analysis
if necessary. Less volume may be acceptable for some parameters. Volumes are not additive where multiple
determinations may be performed OP, one sample aliquot, such as most metal and automated analyses.
2. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wagtewater, 13th ed., 1971, American Public Health
Association. Method number and page listed.
3. Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes. U.S. Environmental Protection Agnecy, 197^. Page listed.
**• Annual Book'of ASTiM Standards, Part 31, Water, American Society for Testing and Materials, 197^. Method
number and page listed. «*
5. Dissolved parameter analyzed the same as preceding total parameter except sample aliquot is membrane filtered
prior to any sample treatment. Sample volume, ranges, method of analysis, and references the same as pre-
ceding except as noted.
6. Principles of referenced material used although changes in technique have been adapted.
7. DPD (N,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine) colcrimetric method performed as a screening procedure with positive results
confirmed with iodometrtc tirat ion.
8. Preliminary distillation omitted on surface water samples unless positive results or interferences are
encountered.
9. Phosphates other than ortho may react. Could more properly be titled Unfiltered Reactive Phosphates.
10. If Kjeldahl or Organic Nitrogen is not also requested on sample, analysis may be performed manually with
• persulfate digestion followed by single reagent-ascorbic acid reduction method.
11.. Settleable Residue analysis not performed on samples with a Total Nonfiltrsble Residue of less than 20 mg/1.
12. Volatile Nonfiltrable Residue analysis not performed on samples with a Total Nonfiltrable Residue of less
than 10 mg/1.
13. Sample not membrane filtered unless a turbidity interference in encountered.
14. Sample glass fiber filtered to remove turbidity interference but is not membrane filtered.
-------
TABLE A-4
Sample Collection and Preservation
January 1975
Parameter
Biochemical Oxygen
Demand, 5-day
Chlorophyll £
Chemical Oxygen
Demand
Cyanide
Dissolved Oxygen
%
General Chemistry
Metals, Dissolved
Metals, Total
Microbiology
Nutrients
Oil and Grease
Pesticides, PCB's
Phthalate
Petroleum Products,
Identification
Phenolics
Phenolics (<10 ug/1)
Specific Organics
Sulfide
Volatile Hydrocarbons
Total Organic Carbon
Bottle
1 L dark
250 ml
125 ml
250 ml glass
1 L
1 L
1 L
125 ml
125 ml
250 ml glass
1 gal glass
250 ml glass
250 ml
1 L
IL-lGal glass
125 ml
300 ml glass
125 ml
Preservation
300 ml glass Refrigeration at 4°C
5 drops U MgC03
1 ml 1:1 H2S04— 4°C
2 drops 10 N NaOH
(to pH 10)
Determine or fix on
site
Refrigeration at 4oC
10 ml 1:1 HN03 after
filtration
10 ml 1:1 HN03
Refrigeration at 4°C
5 drops CHC13 — 4°C
1 ml 1:1 H2S04 — 4°C
100 ml Hexane
Refrigeration at 4°C
2 ml 10% CuS04 + H3P04
to pH 4 -- 4°C
8 ml 10% CuSOA + H3P04
to pH 4 -- 4°C
Maximum
Holding Period
30 hours
30 hours
7 days
30 hours
Does Not Apply
30 hours
6 months
6 months
30 hours
30 hours
30 hours
1 month
30 hours
30 hours
30 hours
Dependent on the parameter
5 drops 1 M ZnAc
Water sealed — 4°C
1 ml 1:1 HC1 — 4°C
30 hours
7 days
30 hours
7 days
-------
TABLE A-5
STREAM FLOW MEASURING TECHNIQUES FOR THE ULRG TRIBUTARIES
TRIBUTARY
METHOD OF STREAM FLOW DETERMINATION
Betsy River
Black River
Carp River
ChocoLny River
Dead River
Falls River
Iron River
Mineral River
Montreal River
Ontonagon River
Presque Isle River
Silver River
Sturgeon River
Tahquamenon River
Two Eearted River
Waiska River
LAKE SUPERIOR BASIN
Stage- Discharge
USGS gauge 0310,
USGS gauge 0444,
Stage- Discharge
Stage- Discharge
Stage- Discharge
Stage- Discharge
Stage- Discharge
Stage- Discharge
USGS gauge 0400,
USGS gauge 0320,
Stage- Discharge
USGS gauge 0430,
USGS gauge 0455,
Stage- Discharge
Stage- Discharge
relationship developed by Michigan
DAR is 1.28
DAR is 1.44
relationship
relationship
relationship
relationship
relationship
relationship
DAR is 1.04
DAR is 1.37
relationship
DAR is 1.03
DAR is 1.07
relationship
relationship
developed
developed
developed
developed
developed
developed
by Michigan
by Michigan
fay Michigan
by Michigan
by Michigan
by Michigan
developed by Michigan
developed by Michigan
developed by Michigan
Au Gres River
Au Sable.River
Cheboygan River
Kawkawlin River
Ocqueoc River
Pigeon River
Pinconning River
Pine River (Mackinac Co.)
Pine River (Arenac Co.)
Pinnebog River
Rifle River
Saginaw River
Sebewaing River
Tawas River
Thunder Bay River
Whitney Drain
Willow River
LAKE HURON BASIN
USGS gauge 1385, DAR is 1.63
Stage- Discharge relationship developed by Michigan
USGS gauge 1300 and 1320, DAR is 1.04 for each one
USGS gauge 1435, DAR is 2.22
Stage- Discharge relationship developed by Michigan
Flow measurement coordinated with sampling
Flow measurement coordinated with sampling
USGS gauge 1279.18, DAR is 1.32
Flow measurement coordinated with sampling
Flow measurement coordinated with sampling
USGS gauge 1420, DAR is 1.22
USGS gauge 1560, 1450, 1490, 1515, DAR is 1.24 for each c
Flow measurement coordinated with sampling
Flow measurement coordinated with sampling
USGS Gauge 1335 and 1340, DAR is 1.65 for each
Flow measurement coordinated with sampling
Flow measurement coordinated with sampling
NOTE: USGS - United States Geological Survey
DAR - Drainage area ratio: the ratio between the drainage area of a basin,
corresponding to the USGS gauge, to the drainage area of the basin
corresponding to the sampling site.
-------
APPENDIX B
-------
LAND SOURCE INPUTS TO UPPER GREAT LAKES FROM THE U.S.
IJC - UPPER LAKES REFERENCE GROUP - WORKING GROUP C
FINAL PROJECT REPORT
July 20, 1976
This report is the culmination of two years of water quality data collection by
Pollution Control Agencies representing Michigan, Minnesota and Wisconsin. From
July 1, 1973 through June 30, 1975, about 100 land source inputs to Lakes Superior
and Huron were sampled. The parameter coverage reported herein was guided by the •
Preliminary Study Plan for Working Group C. The intent of this report is to summ-
arize two years of raw data and report on the loadings of selected constituents
from Land Source Inputs to Lakes Superior and Huron.
Method of Preparing Land Source Inputs
As a result of this two year study, an enormous volume of water quality data
had been gathered. This data represented water quality of every significant land
source input to the Upper Great Lakes: Sewage treatment plants, industrial facili-
ties and tributary streams. Inter-laboratory comparisons of analytical techniques
were maintained throughout the Project by the three agencies. This effort gives
reasonable assurance that loadings of like parameters can be summed to represent
the entire land source input to Lakes Superior and Huron from the United States.
However, some parameters were reported differently and are therefore not additive
(for example, calcium).
Since a need for comnon reporting formats for each agency was stipulated in the
Study Plan, Michigan was asked to develop a computer program capable of rendering
all data into report ready copy. The Federal (EPA) STORE! system was utilized.
This system is commonly in use for water quality data storage by all agencies.
STORET consists of data storage and retrieval facilities for raw data, and with
the IBM computers at the Washington Data Center, full computational capabilities
were realized.
There are two types of formats showing Land Source Inputs. Format A is a
summary of the various parameter inputs for a particular lake basin and reporting
agency. A number of par?mcters are shown on each sheet. It is discussed in
more detail later.
Format B is a listing by parameter of the input sources for a particular lake
basin and reporting agency. Only one parameter is shown on each sheet. The
following points should be noted on Format B:
1.) The parameter name is at the top. Below is the chemical species
which it is expressed as (for example, ammonia might be expressed
as NH-j or as N). Below that are two other important pieces of in-
formation about the parameter — whether it is analyzed as diss-
olved or total, and the lower limit of detection. For the purpose
-------
of this report parameters analyzed as "total" indicate the sample
is "unfiltered" prior to analysis. Two numbers are often used
for "lower limit detection" in Format B. This is normally clue
to differences in techniques between stream samples and 'waste-
water discharge samples.
2.) The tributary (T) , municipal (M) , and industrial (I) sources
which have been measured are listed and numbered consecutively.
They are in the same sequence on each parameter sheet.
3.) The "Period of Record" is the starting and ending dates of the
data used. Generally, the period of record represents the study
period, July 1, 1973 through June 30, 1975. However, Michigan
included some industrial data collected in late 1972 and early
1973.
4.) In the data columns all units are meti'ic as noted. English
conversion factors for flow and loadings are listed in 'the lower
left-hand corner.
5,) Mean loadings are calculated as follows, where n = no. of samples:
mean loading in kg/day = -pj- Y^~[ (cone, in mg/l)i(flow in m3/sec) . (86.4)
\-
6.) If L = mean loading, and L^ = the individual loading values, i.e. (cone.
in mg/l)i(flow in ia3/sec)i(86.4) , then standard deviation is calculated
as follows:
standard deviation in kg/day =
i / -...-.-.,.—
n- 1
Non-random seasonal variations are taken into account by the periodic
nature of the sampling program (monthly, with 3 extra samples taken
during spring high flow periods). The standard deviations x-7ere cal-
. culated assuming that the data were random. Therefore, the mean load-
ings are really more accurate than would be indicated by the high stan-
dard deviations. Deseasonalized data would result in smaller, more
accurate standard deviations.
7.) When all concentrations for a particular parameter at an input source
are less than the limit of detection, the mean concentration and inaan
loading are listed as "ND" (not detectable). In other cases, some of
the concentrations are not detectable, but some hnve measurable values.
In these cases a value equal to one-half of the limit of detection is
used in place of each non-detectable result when calculating mean con-
centrations and loadings. When this situation occurs the mean concen-
tration may be less than the limit of detection ("ND" is not used).
B.) In addition to "ND", the following abbreviations are used in place of
actual data as appropriate:
NP = Assumed not present in significant, amount to warrant sampling.
NA = Not applicable (Such as loadings for dissolved oxygen, pH,
• turbidity, etc.)
NIL = Where intake concentration is greater than effluent concentration
at industrial facilities.
NS = Not sampled.
-------
9.) For sone industries the mean concentration of a particular parameter
will be the difference between the intake and effluent concentrations.
In these cases, the concentration value is followed by the letter "N"
to denote "Net". All other concentrations are gross values.
10.) Total dissolved solids in ing/1 is obtained by multiplying conductivity
in micromhos/crn by 0.65.
11.) For some parameters, a wide choice of analytical methods is possible.
To avoid duplication of parameter types and to reduce the volume of
this report, certain parameters were treated the same for all agencies.
Regardless of the individual analytical method used, the following
parameters were grouped:
1. Oil and Grease - 5 analytical methods were used
2. Turbidity - 3 analytical methods were used
3. Iron, Total - 2 analytical methods were used
4. Chemical Oxygen Demand - 2 analytical methods were used
5. Chromium, Dissolved - Hexavalent and Trivalent forms x^ere
grouped with dissolved.
12.) The contribution from the unsazipled tributaries of an agency's lake
basin is the last item listed on Format B. Loadings are calculated
as follows:
Mean Loadings in KG/DAY = mean cone, of unsampled tributaries x
flow of unsarepled tributaries x 86,4.
The mean concentration of the unsampled tributaries is obtained using
the mean concentration of a set of sampled tributaries. Each agency
selected the following tributaries as representative of water quality
in the unsampled basin:
Michigan - Lake Superior Basin: Presque Isle, Ontonagon,
Silver, Tahquamenon and Two Hearted Rivers
Michigan - Lake Huron Basin: Ocqueoc, Pigaon, Pine and
Willow Rivers and Van Etten Creek
Minnesota - Lake Superior Basin: Gooseberry, Split Rock,
Beaver, Baptism, Manitou and Cross Rivers
Wisconsin - Lake Superior Basin: Bad, Bois Brule, Montreal,
Nemadji Rivers
The flow of the tmsampled tributaries was determined for each agency
as follows, where n = number of sampled tributaries:
n
Proportional flow = YH. Tributary flows 5c proportionality
irl constant
-------
The constant is the ratio of the unsarapled drainage area to the sampled
drainage area: the constants for each agency are:
Michigan - Lake Superior Basin - 0.56
Lake Huron Basin - 0.14
Minnesota - Lake Superior Basin - 0.09
Wisconsin - Lake Superior Basin - 1.04
13.) Radioactivity counting error is analogous to the standard deviation of
the concentration. It is generally stated as the error at which the
analyst is 95% confident that the measurements are accurate.
14.) Mean concentrations for coliforms are arithmetic means and not geo-
metric means.
Format A
Format A is prepared from the completed Format B. For each parameter the
various input sources are totaled in municipal, industrial, and tributary groups.
The tributary totals include the estimated inputs from the unsampled portions of
the basin.
1.) The "Loadings as % of Total" column on Format A is not completed for
parameters vrith missing source type entries from Format B.
2.) Total solids and suspended solids are a gravimetric determination,
Dissolved solids are computed from conductivity. Therefore, total
solids will not be the summation of suspended solids and dissolved
solids.
3.) Total nitrogen, Formats A and B, is calculated by summing nitrate,
nitrite, organic and ammonia nitrogens. Total Kjeldahl nitrogen
is not reported in STORET but rather its components, organic nitro-
gen and ammonia, are stored. For this project report total Kjeldahl
nitrogen is the. summation of organic nitrogen and ammonia.
Loadings of the Five Material Balance Parameters
The five material balance parameters are summarized in Tables 1 arid 2 by Lake
Basin, using the data collected during the study period (from Format A). The
summary includes the estimate of leadings from the unsampled portions of each
agency's drainage basin.
-------
TABLE 1
LAKE SUPERIOR BASIN LAND SOURCE INPUTS
LOADINGS OF THE 5 MATERIAL BALANCE PARAMETERS
INPUT TYPE/AGENCY
Municipal
Michigan
Minnesota
Wisconsin
(Units are Kilograms/Day)
Total Total
Chloride Nitrogen Phosphorus
530
231
774
138
138
407
61.6
38.4
165
Total
Dissolved
Solids
3,570
1,730
5,840
Silica
.(Si02*)
125
73.3
135
Industrial
Michigan
Minnesota
Wisconsin
3,400
3,400
317
177
108
16.8
16.8
4.8
26,400
100,000
9,640
Rot Sampled
24,300
89
Tributary
Michigan
Minnesota
Wisconsin
101,000
127,000
10,100
11,100
19,800
13,300
565
1,360
2,520
1,220,000
1,000,000
840,000
99,200
130,000
105,000
Unsampled Trib,
Michigan
Minnesota
Wisconsin
10,000
5,000
21,900
4,000
1,510
10,900
172
74
1,350
656,000
78,500
1,800,000
60,800
16,100
123,000
* Dissolved Silica- Michigan & Wisconsin
Total Silica - Wisconsin
-------
TABLE 2
•
LAKE HURON BASIN LAND SOURCE INPUTS
LOADINGS OF THE 5 MATERIAL BALANCE PARAMETERS
(Unit's are Kilograras/Day)
AGENCY/INPUT TYPE Chloride
Michigan
Municipal
Industrial
• Tributary
11,900
Total
Nitrogen
891
29,200 1,280
1,110,000 68,000
Total
Phosphorus
170
184
Total
Dissolved
Solids
58,500
189,000
Dissolved
Silica
(SiO?)
1,340
2,310
5,750 9,800,000 234,000
Unsampled Trib. 149,000 10,300
472 1,509,000
28,200
-------
APPENDIX
UPPER GREAT LAKES LAND SOURCE INPUTS
PROJECT REPORT
AMERICAN SOURCES
I. LAKE SUPERIOR BASIN - Summary Format A
Michigan
Minnesota
Wisconsin
II. LAKE HURON BASIN - Summary Format A
Michigan
III. LAKE SUPERIOR BASIN - Land Source Inputs
Michigan
Minnesota
Wisconsin
IV. LAKE HURON BASIN - Land Source Inputf
Michigan
-------
REFERENCES
"Land Source Inputs to Upper Great Lakes from the U.S.", IJC-ULRG-Working Group
C, Final Project Report, July 20, 1976 by T. A. Newell, Comprehensive Studies
Section, Bureau of Environmental Protection, Michigan Department of Natural
Resources.
-------
TECHNICAL KF.I'OHT DATA
(I'Icasc rcoil Imimclmnt mi I/if /cirnc bi-Joic rtiiiii>lrliii}:/
1. HLPOR'l NO. . 2.
EPA 905/4-75-001
4.TITLE AND SUUTITLE
Michigan Tributary Loadings to the Upper Great Lakes
7. AUTHOR(S)
Thomas A. Newell
Stephen G. Buda
9. PERFORMING ORG \NIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
State of Michigan- Department of Natural Resources
Stevens T. Mason Building
Lansing, Michigan
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
U.S. EPA, Region V, S£A Division, Great Lakes Sur. Br.
1819 West Pershing Road
Chicago, Illinois 60609
J. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION- NO.
j. RLPORT DATE
July 23, 1976
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION
0. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION
CODE
REPOR
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
2BH155
11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
68-01-1899
13. 7 YPL: OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVE
Final-July 1973 thru June 1
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
In support of IJC-ULRG; in cooperation Great Lakes Initiative - U.S. EPA, 230
Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois 60604
South
16. ABSTRACT
The State of Michigan, through funding by the EPA, participated in the Internationa
Joint Commission's Upper Lakes Reference Group (IJC-ULRG Work Group C) study of Lak
Huron and Lake Superior tributaries. During a two year period, thirty-three of the
major tributaries to Lakes Superior and Huron were sampled. This sampling program
designed to provide tributary water quality and constituent loading data to the ULR
part of their study of these two lakes. Michigan's participation in the ULRG tribu
sampling program consisted of planning, data collecting and analysis, and data repo
ing. The work was performed in accordance with the guidelines set forth by Work Gr
C (WG-C) of the ULRG. The purpose of this report is to describe Michigan's activit
in this project and to summarize the resultant data and constituent loadings. For
monthly + 3 high runoff sampling visits, a number of water quality parameters were
analyzed and stream flow determinations were made. Some parameters required more
frequent sampling than others. A listing of the parameters sampled and their relat
frequency is given in Table A-2, Appendix A and STORET.
17. KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
a. DESCRIPTORS
18. OIS1 HIUUTION SI ATEMENT
NTIS only
b-IDENTIF-'lERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS
19. SECURITY CLASS (This Report)
20. SECURITY CLASS (Tills page)
c. COSATI 1-icld/Grc
21. NO. OF PAGES
22. PRICE
EPA Form 2220-J (3-73)
-------
INSTRUCTIONS
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Insert the L'.l'A report number as K appears on the cover of tltc publication.
2. LEAVE DLANK
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Title should indicate clearly and briefly the subject coverage of the report, and be displayed prominently. Set subtitle, if used, in smaller
type or otherwise subordinate it to main title. When a report is prepared in more than one volume, repeat the primary title, aJd volume
number and include subtitle for the specific title.
5. REPORT DATE
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6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
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Give name(s) in conventional order (John R. Doe, J. Robert Doe, etc.). List author's affiliation if it differs from the performing organi-
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Give name, street, city, state, and ZIP code. List no mote than two levels of an organizational hircarchy.
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14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
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15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
Enter information not included elsewhere but useful, such as: Prepared in cooperation with, Translation of, Presented at conference o,"
To be published in, Supersedes, Supplements, etc.
16. ABSTRACT
Include a brief (200 words or less) factual summary of the most significant information contained in the report. If ;he report contains
significant bibliography or literature survey, mention it here.
17. KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
(a) DESCRIPTORS - Select from (he Tliesamus of Engineering and Scientific Terms the proper authorized terms that identify the majo
concept of the icscarch and are sufficiently specific and precise to be used as index entries for cataloging.
(b) IDENTIFIERS AND OPF.N-ENDED TERMS - Use identifiers for project names, code names, equipment designators, ets. Use opci.
ended terms written in descriptor form for those subjects for which no descriptor exists.
(c) COSATI FIELD GROUP - Field and group assignments are to be taken from the 1965 COSATI Subject Category List. Since th
jority of documents are tnultidisciplmary in nature, the Primary Field/Group assignment^,) will be specific discipline, area of huma:
the in.
lan
endeavor, or type of physical object. The application(s) will be cross-referenced with secondary Held/Group assignments that will fol!<
the primary posting(s).
18. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
Denote releasabihty to the public or limitation for reasons other than security for example "Release Unlimited." Cite any availability •
Ihe public, with address and price. .
19. & 20. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
DO NOT submit classified reports to Ihe National Technical Information service.
21. NUMBER OF PAGES
Insert the iotal number of pages, including this one am! unnumbered pages, but exclude distribution list, if any.
22. PRICE
Insert the price set by the N.ilional Technical Information Seivice or the Government Printing Office, if known.
EPA Form 2220-1 (0-73) (Kovano)
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