EPA-905/4-75-003
AUGUST, 1975
Environmental Monitoring Series
Wisconsin Tributary Loadings
to the Upper Great Lakes
I
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EPA-90S/4-75-003 Environmental Monitoring
WISCONSIN TRIBUTARY
LOADINGS TO THE UPPER GREAT LAKES
BY
State of Wisconsin
Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources
Division of Environmental Protection
Box 7921
Madison, Wisconsin 53707
Contract Number 68-01-1875
Project C-2, ULRG-IJC
Program Element 2BH155
Project Officer
Robert J. Bowden
Chief, Great Lakes Surveillance Branch
Region V 1819 W. Pershing Road
Chicago, IL 60609
Cooperating Program
Great Lakes Initiative
Region V 230 S. Dearborn Street
Chicago, IL 60604
Prepared for
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
IN SUPPORT OF THE INTERNATIONAL
OOINT COMMISSION-UPPER LAKES
REFERENCE GROUP OF WORKING GROUP C
GREAT LAKES REGIONAL OFFICE
100 OUELLETTE AVENUE, 8th FLOOR
WINDSOR, ONTARIO N9A6T3
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Summary
Introduction
Description of Study Area
Survey Method
Survey Findings
Nemadji River
Bois Brule River
Bad River
Montreal River
Bibliography
Appendix A - 1973 and 1974 Data Summaries
Appendix B - 1975 Data Summaries
Appendix C - River Flows Near Monitoring Stations
Table N-l
Figure N-l
Figure N-2
Table N-2
Table Br-1
Figure Br-1
Figure Br»2
Table Br-2
Table Br-3
Table Ba-1
Figure Ba-1
Figure Ba-2
Table Ba-2
Table Ba-3
Table M-l
Figure M-l
Figure M-2
Table M~2
Table M-3
TABLES AND FIGURES
Results of General Chemistry Analysis - Nemadji River
Benthic Fauna of the Nemadji River
Benthic Fauna of Superior Harbor in Vicinity of the
Nemadji River
Metals Concentrations from the Nemadji River
Results of General Chemistry Analysis - Bois Brule River
Benthic Fauna of the Brule River
Benthic Fauna of Lake Superior in Vicinity of the Bois
Brule River
Metals Concentrations from the Brule River
Average Concentrations for Selected Parameters at Stations
Near the Mouth of the Brule River
Results of General Chemistry Analysis - Bad River
Benthic Fauna of the Bad River Watershed
Benthic Fauna of Lake Superior in Vicinity of the Bad River
Metals Concentrations from the Bad River Watershed
Average Concentrations for Selected Parameters at Stations
Near the Mouth of the Bad River
Results of General Chemistry Analysis - Montreal River
Benthic Fauna of the Montreal River
Benthic Fauna of Lake Superior in Vicinity of the Montreal
River
Metals Concentrations from the Montreal River
Average Concentrations for Selected Parameters at Stations
Near the Mouth of the Montreal River
1-3
3
3
3-9
10-17
18-25
26-34
35
36-47
48-55
56-57
-------
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Field work and report preparation for this study were done by Danny Ryan,
Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Northwest District. Report
editing was done by Mark Stokstad, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources,
Division of Environmental Standards.
SUMMARY
Intensity of water quality sampling was increased on the Nemadji, Bois
Brule, Bad and Montreal Rivers during 1973. Involved were: 1) analysis
of water samples from fixed stations on a monthly basis, 2) increased
sampling during spring runoff and sampling for an expanded list of para-
meters three times during the year, and 3) an intensive survey run twice
on each river during the summer of 1974. With the exception of localized
problems, the data indicates that water is of excellent quality and supports
diverse and abundant populations of aquatic organisms.
-------
SUMMARY TRIBUTARY LOADINGS
Bad River
Ben's Brule River
Montreal River
Nemadji River
Mean
No. Loadinq
of (Metric
PARAMETER SAMPLES tons/yr)
Alkalinity
Arsenic
Barium
BOD
Cadmium
Calcium
COD
Chloride
Chromium
Copper
Cyanide
Fluoride
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Nickel
Nitrogen, Ammonia
Nitrogen, Kjeldahl
Nitrogen,
Nitrate+Ni trite
Nitrogen, Organic
Nitrogen, Total
Oil -Grease
Pesticide, Aldrin
Pesticide, ODD
Pesticide, DDE
Pesticide, DDT
Pesticide, Dieldrin
Pesticide, Heptachlor
Pesticide,
Heptachlor Epoxide
Pesticide, Lindane
Phenols
Phosphorus, Total
Phosphorus, Soluble
Phthalates,
Di ethyl Hexyl
Polychlorinated Biphenyl
Potassium
Selenium
Silica
Sodium
Solids Total
Solids, Total Dissolved
Solids Total Suspended
Sulfate
29
3
3
28
4
3
4
25
4
4
3
4
24
4
3
24
4
4
29
29
19
29
19
1
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
27
29
23
4
4
3
3
27
3
27
24
28
1
119,355
ND
82.49
8,103
.73
2,372.5
51,465
4,854.5
11.17
58.04
ND
375.95
4,416.5
108.77
7,154
87.23
.27
ND
175.2
1.10
279.95
927.1
1,379.7
ND
ND
ND
ND
.0073
ND
ND
ND
ND
8.54
171.55
48.55
ND
ND
2,361.55
4.85
22,228.5
4,307
390,550
202,940
159,505
10,731
Standard
Deviation
for Mean
Loadinq No. Loadino
(Metric of (Metric
tons/yr) SAMPLES tons/yr)
50,370
22.3
12,921
.95
16,753.5
35,368.5
18,432.5
14.05
105.85
138.7
5,577.2
199.65
4,964
87.23
.11
130.31
448.95
208.05
423.4
514.65
.0037
5.33
153.3
38.69
372.3
5.26
7,446
2,529.45
228,855
72,635
245,280
MA
31
2
2
30
4
4
4
27
3
4
4
5
27
4
4
27
3
4
30
30
15
31
14
1
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
27
31
24
4
4
4
2
27
4
29
26
31
2
15,585.5
ND
8.91
649.70
ND
3,285
7,592 4
243.09
2.31
1.13
ND
51.1
196.73
ND
1,120.55
7.59
.04
2.08
21.57
131.4
27.34
108.04
178.49
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
1.555
19.137
6.9
ND
ND
304.41
ND
4,197.5 5
711.75
34,310 8
52,195 80
6,679.5 5
1,281.15
Standard
Deviation
for
Load i no
(Metric
tons/yr)
3,686.5
.56
292.73
919.8
,672
511
1.55
.92
26.32
196.73
320.47
3.83
.02
.76
16.72
56.21
13.29
53.65
72.63
32.05
5.26
,183
105.85
,249
,300
,402
0
Standard
Deviation
Mean for
No. Load i no Load i no
of (Metric (Metric
SAMPLES tons/yr) tons/yr)
28
3
3
28
4
3
4
25
4
4
4
4
25
4
3
24
4
4
28
28
17
28
17
1
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
24
28
17
4
4
3
3
27
3
27
24
28
1
12,848
ND
4.71
938.05
.15
4,270.5 1
15,111
1,164.35
1.64
85.41
2.5
93.81
423.4
ND
1,029.3
97.82
.07
ND
48.18
267.91
91.61
220.09
339.45
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
2.61
37.23
14.51
ND
ND
536.55
ND
2,817.8 1
1,146.1
39,785 7
43,435 54
3,544.15 3
4,415.5
3,723
.91
390.55
.19
,109.6
3,551.45
941.7
1.85
168.72
2.77
85.05
868.7
675.25
359.89
.03
36.87
69.35
45.63
71.91
100.01
2.32
13.54
34.77
299.3
,259.25
540.2
,774.5
,750
,401 .8
NA
Standard
Deviation
Mean for
No. Loading Loadino
of (Metric (Metric
SAMPLES tons/yr) tons/yr)
25
3
33
24
4
4
4
22
4
4
4
5
18
4
4
18
4
4
24
23
20
24
18
1
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
19
25
23
4
4
4
3
21
4
25
19
24
2
98,915
ND
58
3,029.5
39,420
39.05
981 .85
1.88 2.31
24,783.5
56,210
56,210
20.73
21.68
ND
211.33
8,577.5
22.23
4,635.5
100.01
.16
21.5
149.65
930.75
194.91
751.9
1,749.75
Nd
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
9.13
256.59
32.52
ND
.12
2,941.9
ND
14,052.5
3,504
459,900
332,880
234,695
1,321.3
9,052
21,170
21,170
30.73
24.71
55.11
12,045
25.29
3,149.95
110.23
.07
21.17
111.69
344.92
125.56
363.91
423.4
12.23
303.68
23.03
.19
879.65
4S088
1,898
331 ,785
540,200
337,260
0
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INTRODUCTION
Objectives
In cooperation with the International Joint Commission and the Upper Great
Lakes Reference Group and supplemental support from the Environmental
Protection Agency, the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources increased
surveillance and investigation on major Wisconsin tributaries to Lake
Superior during 1973. Primary sampling stations were established on the
Bois Brule, Bad and Montreal Rivers during July of 1973 and the Nemadji
River station was added to the program in January of 1974.
The three basic phases of this program included the following:
1» The collection of monthly water samples for chemical analysis from
the primary station on each of the four rivers. These primary stations
are shown and described on Figures N-ls Br-1, Ba-1 and M-l. It is
expected that this phase of the program will be continued under the
State of Wisconsin Primary Station Monitoring Program after termina-
tion of the relatively short-term IJC study.
Summary data sheets of the information collected during monthly
monitoring are included in Appendix A attached to this report.
2. Special procedures for sampling at the primary stations called for
an additional four samples during the spring runoff period and sampling
for an expanded list of parameters three times during the year.
Data collected during this phase is also included in the summary data
sheets in Appendix A.
3, Great Lakes Reference Study: Study Item V - Local Effects.
A subsection of Study Item V outlined an additional and more intensive
survey to be run twice on each of the tributaries during the summer of
1974. Sampling at several stations along the course of each river and
in Lake Superior in the vicinity of the river mouths was involved.
This report provides results and discussion of local effects of these
rivers.
Description of Study Area
The four streams involved in this study are the Nemadji, Bois Brule, Bad and
Montreal Rivers. All are major streams draining into Lake Superior but differ
widely in character.
The Nemadji River originates in Minnesota and flows across northwest Douglas
County. The river drains a fairly large watershed (475 square miles) of which
215 square miles are in Douglas County. The 7Q10 low flow at the United States
Geological Survey gaging station is 49 cubic feet per second. A highly varied
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- 2 -
population of fish and aquatic life inhabits the stream. The Nemadji River
watershed is a geologically young area with soil erosion processes occurring
naturally at a rapid rate. The main channel and tributaries have dissected the
area forming deep ravines. Unstable red clay soils found throughout the
watershed erode easily and are subject to slippage along field gullies, roads,
railroad cuts and stream banks. In-stream sedimentation, a direct result of
erosions is a serious management problem. Siltation also causes navigation
problems in the Duluth-Superior Harbor. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
continually channels to allow navigation by Great Lakes and ocean-
going freighters. Only five percent of the watershed land cover is used for
agricultural purposes. This limited land use occurs along the flat ridge tops
separating tributaries. The remaining land area is wild forested land
(Sather and Johannes, 1972).
Brule is one of Wisconsin's most famous trout streams. It is
approximately 44 miles in length and flows northward along the eastern
border of Douglas County into Lake Superior. The river falls a total of
420 feet from its headwaters to Lake Superior. In the upper 26 miles the
Brale flows through a broad, flat wilderness bog valley rich in springs.
The elevation change in this reach is only 92 feet, an average fall of 3
feet per mile. Below Cedar Island, the river passes through a series of
natural shallow lakes formed behind glacial till barriers in the bed of the
stream. In this araas the river valley begins to narrow and the bog shore-
line changes to firm upland. The gradient increases greatly in this reach.
The lower 18 miles has a fall of 328 feet, an average drop of 17 feet per
mile. From County Highway B downstream past the ranger station, the river
becomes a series of short rapids. The stretch between U.S. Highway 2 and
the Copper Range Campground is referred to as the "meadows." Here, the
flow is slower and many deep pools provide excellent in-stream cover. From
the campground to Lake Superior the river drops very sharply, forming an
almost continuous rapids. The river valley in this stretch is narrow with
steep, often times exposed red clay banks. Rock riprapping along the toes
of these clay slip banks have been moderately successful in stabilizing
banks and controlling erosion (Sather and Johannes, 1972).
The Bad River is the main drainage stream of Ashland County and at 70 miles,
also the longest. The upper reach of the stream, from the headwaters to
Cayuga, has a moderate gradient. Above Mellen, there is a diversion
structure which supplies water to a public utility power station of the
Lake Superior District Power Company. The impounded area behind this
structure is not large enough to be termed a flowage. The middle reach of
the river, in the Mellen area, flows through bedrock and boulders. This
reach has many rapids and waterfalls, including Copper Falls and Brownstone
Falls north of Mellen. The downstream reach of the Bad River is broad and
sluggish with a low gradient. Only two lakes are present directly on the
river - Caroline Lake and the Bad River Slough. A large number of streams
flow into the river, including the White, Potato, Marengo and Tyler Forks
Rivers (Sat'her and Threinen, 1966).
The Montreal River forms the boundary between Michigan and Wisconsin along
much of its length. The river is a soft water stream with slightly
alkaline, medium brown water. The entire stream is classified as trout
water and is inhabited by brook trout, brown trout and some rainbows.
-------
— 3 —
Stream gradient is about 34 feet per mile. Stream flow is controlled by
three hydroelectric impoundments - the Superior Falls Flowage and the
Saxon Falls Flowage on the main stem, and the Gile Flowage on the West
Fork. Flow at the gaging station upstream from the Superior Falls Flowage
is extremely variable ranging from 2 to 6,000 cubic feet per second. Flow
at this station exceeds 147 cfs 70 percent of the time, but low flow is a
problem at certain times. The watershed is predominantly wooded or wild land
with 10 to 15 percent exhibiting cleared, agricultural or urban land use
(Andrews and Threinen, 1969).
Survey Method
Sampling stations were established at several locations on each stream and
adjacent to river mouths (see maps). Two sampling runs were planned, one
to reflect spring runoff conditions and the other during normal low flow
conditions. Ice conditions prevented sampling on the lake during the peak
runoff period, so the first sampling involved only stream stations. Two
additional surveys were run including both stream and lake stations.
At each station, field measurements were taken of temperature, pH and
dissolved oxygen. Colorimetric comparison was used to measure pH values
(Rascher and Betzold pH kit). Temperature and D.O. were measured either
by a standard laboratory-grade mercury thermometer and the modified Winkler
wet-chemical procedure or through use of an electric temperature-oxygen
meter (Yellow Springs Instrument Company Model No. 54 RC). Water samples
for chemical analysis were collected in polyethylene containers and submitted
to the State Lab of Hygiene for analysis.
Benthological samples for the analysis of macroinvertebrate communities
were collected using a variety of techniques. At the river stations, both
bottom dredge samples and random hand collections from rocks and debris
were utilized to assure sampling from the variety of habitat conditions
encountered. River mouth and lake bottom samples were collected using
either the Holman or Peterson dredges in an effort to obtain quantitative
results.
SURVEY FINDINGS
General chemical analysis results obtained during the survey period are
summarized in Tables N-l, Br-1, Ba-1 and M-l. Metals analysis were not
obtained during every sample period and a reduced number of stations were
involved. The metals data is summarized in Tables N-2, Br-2, Ba-2 and M-2.
Benthological data for this study is expressed in a series of map-graphs
for each river involved. These figures also locate the sites of the sampling
stations involved.
Nemadji River
One of the most striking characteristics of the Nemadji River is the high
solids load carried during spring runoff. This would have to be considered
-------
an expected result because of the abundance of red clay in this watershed.
It is unfortunate that lake sampling could not have been conducted during
this period to document the extent of lake influence.
An indication of the trophic nature of Superior Bay is reflected in the
nutrient data. Although the concentrations of the major nutrients (nitrogen
and phosphorus) carried in the Nemadji River are fairly high, the nutrient
levels in the bay are substantially higher. This situation Is almost
certainly the result of municipal and industrial pollution presently being
introduced into the St. Louis River, St. Louis Bay and Superior Bay.
Several of the parameters in Table N-l show that the nutrient and contaminant
load is considerably lessened at the three stations (IX, X and XI) outside of
Wisconsin and Minnesota points. These stations are located in Lake Superior
proper but still definitely show signs of being influenced by the contaminant
loading outflowing from Superior Entry.
Biological sampling of the Nemadji River revealed the development of normal
stream benthic communities at the three upstream stations (Figure N-l).
Intolerant organisms such as stonefly nymphs, mayfly nymphs and caddis fly
larvae were well represented and the total benthic community was varied and
relatively sparse.
The downstream station at Highway 2-53 shows the change in the river character
as it nears Lake Superior. This station is only about 1/2 mile from the river
mouth and the stream is wide, slow-moving and relatively deep. The benthic
community of sludgeworms (Oligochaeta) with representatives of midge larvae
(Chironomidae) and mayfly nymphs (Hexagenia sp.) is probably representative
of the general habitat conditions and some response to cultural pollution as
the river flows through the City of Superior.
The biological survey of the Superior Harbor area (Figure N-2) graphically
illustrates the organic pollution level of this area. This benthic community
is dominated by very tolerant sludgeworms (Oligochaeta) and tolerant diptera
larvae (primarily midges - Chironomidae). Station I is located in the mouth
of the Nemadji River but the characteristics of this area could perhaps best
be described as a freshwater estuary environment. The water movement in
this area is influenced by wind seiches and other movements of Lake Superior.
Therefore, this station cannot be considered as truly representative of
Nemadji River water quality.
Stations III and IV on the east end of the Superior Harbor Basin were the
only stations where significant numbers of intolerant organisms were found.
The occurrence of mayfly nymphs (Hexagenia sp) caddisfly larvae (Phylocentropus
sp.) and fingernail clams (Sphaeriidae) in this area may be a response to the
relatively clean water of Allouez Bay.
Table N-2 documents the metals concentrations found during this investigation.
With only a few exceptions the levels were well below recommendations from
the EPA publication, Water Quality Criteria, 1972. The .13 mg/1 of lead
found at Highway W is especially high with no explanation at this time. One
station (I) also showed a slightly high mercury level. Resampling of these
stations will be undertaken as time permits.
-------
TABLE N-l
RESULTS OF GENERAL CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS
Nemadji River-Lake Superior
River Stations
(1)
Lake Stations
(2)
PARAMETER
MFCC
(No./lOO ml.)
MFFCC
(No./lOO ml.)
BOD
(5-day)
Total Solids
Susp. Solids
Vol Susp. Solids
Tot. Org. N.
Nitrate N.
Nitrite N
6/8/76
djt
Date
1974
4/18
6/18
9/11
4/18
6/18
9/11
4/18
6/18
9/11
4/8
6/18
9/11
4/18
6/18
9/11
4/18
6/18
9/11
4/18
6/18
9/11
4/18
6/18
9/11
4/18
6/18
9/11
Hwy.
W
3900
500
<100
20
20
10
4.9
2.5
1.6
1200
170
158
1025
47
6
30
3
0
1.18
.61
.30
.13
.01
.04
.015
.007
.001
Hwy
35
3700
500
50
30
20
10
4.9
2.5
2.5
1122
184
172
932
75
12
48
5
2
.96
.66
.34
<.10
.01
.03
.015
.007
.001
Hwy
C
3700
600
100
30
20
30
3.3
2.0
2.9
1350
210
180
1155
85
14
50
4
3
.91
.62
.37
.10
.01
.06
.013
.006
.001
Hwy
2-53
5100
3900
1600
400
420
80
2.5
2.0
2.5
1440
174
214
1330
39
17
60
1
3
.94
.65
.37
.05
<.01
.04
.013
.007
.001
I
(3)
500
1800
50
130
2.5
2.5
148
190
21
21
5
3
.72
.41
.05
.04
.012
.003
II
500
300
50
10
2.5
2.5
142
112
10
9
0
1
.82
.57
.04
.23
.01
.017
III
100
100
<10
30
2.5
2.5
132
102
12
11
3
1
.82
.47
.03
.22
.013
.012
IV
200
100
20
10
3.3 '
2.5
128
108
10
12
2
2
.89
.45
.03
.19
.012
.011
V
VI
<100
1600
30
3.3
3.3
122
116
8
9
3
2
.89
.56
.03
.21
.01
.016
900
10
20
2.9
2.9
128
212
8
6
2
2
.92
."58
.02
.20
.01
.016
VII
•<100
900
<10
80
2.9
2.0
132
136
8
10
1
3
.88
.56
.02
.19
.009
.023
VIII IX X
100
400 <100 <100
10
*10 -£10 10
2.9
2.9 2.5 2.5
130
106 52 86
7
10 0 8
1
101
.86
.47 .15 .34
.03
.21 .15 .24
.01
.012 -002 .008
XI
2.0
78
10
]
.26
.?2
.005
o
•
-------
Table N-l
Continued:
NH3-N
Sol. Phos.
Tot. Phos.
Alkalinity Total
(CaC03)
Silica
Chlorides
Hardness
Temp. (°C)
D.O.
pH (S.U.)
Turbidity (N.T.U.)
Secchi Disk (Feet)
Date
1974
4/18
6/18
9/11
4/18
6/18
9/11
4/18
6/18
9/11
4/18
6/18
9/11
6/18
9/11
6/18
9/11
4/18
6/18
9/11
4/18
6/18
9/11
4/18
6/18
9/11
4/18
6/18
9/11
6/18
9/11
6/18
9/11
Hwy
W
.14
.03
.02
.026
.038
.024
.73
.24
.03
44
58
104
7.2
11.0
1.0
2.0
68
68
117
2
13
13
12.6
10.4
10.8
7.4
7.4
8.0
26
8.3
Hwy
35
.12
.04
.02
.028
.024
.008
.69
.09
.16
48
54
110
6.5
10.0
1.0
1.0
64
66
116
3
13
15
12.8
9.8
10.3
7.4
7.4
7.8
32
17
Hwy
C
.13
.03
<.01
.028
.012
.008
.86
.10
.04
44
60
112
S7.2
11.2
1.0
2.0
76
74
124
3
13
15
12.6
9.4
9.4
7.5
7.4
7.8
41
16
Hwy
2-53
.19
.07
<.01
.034
.018
.011
1.10
.07
.04
48
66
118
6.5
10.0
1.0
5.0
68
77
124
3
15
15
12.6
8.5
8.2
7.4
7.2
7.6
28
19
I
.13
.03
.038
.014
.08
.05
50
110
6.1
10.0
1.0
1.0
62
116
15
14
8.2
8.5
7.2
7.6
25
26
1.0
1.8
II
.14
.19
.036
.043
.09
.09
42
54
5.7
3.8
2.0
6.0
58
63
16
14
7..1
9.3
7.3
7.4
17
7.3
1.5
2.4
III
.17
.13
.046
.038
.09
.07
46
52
5.7
3.6
2.0
3.0
56
60
17
13
7.8
9.5
7.4
19
13
1.8
1.8
IV
.18
.11
.050
.037
.09
.09
44
50
5.7
3.8
2.0
4.0
54
56
17
13
7.6
9.6
7.1
7.4
13
16
1.8
1.8
V
.19
.20
.034
.051
.10
.10
42
52
5.4
3.8
2.0
6.0
52
60
16
13
7.7
9.4
7.2
7.4
5.2
7.5
2.3
2.1
VI VII
.18 .23
.20 .43
.034 .030
.048 .046
.09 .10
.10 .10
40 40
56 58
5.6 5.5
2.8 3.6
2.0 3.0
6.0 7.0
52 52
60 64
16 16
13 13
7.8 8.0
9.5 9.3
7.0 7.0
7.4 7.4
5.2 6.1
5.8 8.7
2.0 1.8
2.6 2.0
VIII IX
.19
.15 .01
.034
.038 .001
.09
.07 .01
40
50 42 48
3.2 2.0 2
2.0
4.0<1.0 2
52
56 44 52
16
12 12 12
7.9
9.7 11.2 10
7.1
7.3 7.4 7
4.7
9.9 1.1 5
2.3
1.9 11.2 2
X XI
.08 .05
.019 .012
.05 .04
42
.7 2.4
.0 <1.0
52
12
.2 10.2
.4 7.4
.5 8.3
.9 2.2
-------
-rT
(j>
f
-------
-------
TABLE N- 2
METALS CONCENTRATIONS FROM THE NEMADJI RIVER-LAKE SUPERIOR
DURING 1974
Station vx'
Hwy W
Hwy 35
Hwy C
Hwy 2-53
Sta. I
Date
4/18
4/18
2/14
4/18
7/22
4/18
6/18
Metals
Cd
<.002
<.002
.0002
.002
.004
•4.002
<, .002
Cr
.09
.045
.0012
.05
.01
.055
.01
Cu
.04
.037
.0006
.043
.015
.046
.005
Pb
.13 .
.04 «
<.002 .
.04 .
<.05 ,
.03 .
.01
Hg
C.0002
<..0002
4..0002 -
i. .0002
C.0002
1..0002
.0003 .
Ni
.06
.04
<.01
.04
.01
.05
/ 01
Zn
.088
.075
<.02
.17
.04
.088
.02
(1)
All values in mg/1
)
Refer to Figures N-2 and N-3
-------
- 10 -
Bois Brule River
The Bois Brule River has a reputation as an excellent clean water trout
stream and the results of this survey tend to bear this out. General water
chemistry analyses reveal excellent water quality characteristics (Table Br-1).
The total solids loading does reflect an increase at the lower stations when
the river enters the red clay area. However, the concentration only reaches
about l/10th that of the Nemadji River.
An attempt to evaluate the extent of influence on Lake Superior water quality
by the Brule River is shown in Table Br-3. In this table the average concen-
trations of selected parameters is compared for the river mouth station, those
stations closest to the mouth (I, II, III and V) and the four stations
furthest from the mouth (IV, VI, VII and VIII). Only data from the 6/20 and
9/16 sampling dates was used when collections were made from all sites involved.
Most of the chemical parameter analysis data seems to show a gradual decrease
in concentration with distance from the river mouth. However, the turbidity
and Secchi disk readings do not follow this pattern. A personal observation
during the 9/16 survey would support the secchi disk data, in that the river
was visibly less turbid than the near shore lake stations. A probable explana-
tion for this situation would be the significant lake shore erosion taking
place on the unstable south shore red clay banks. This problem is undoubtedly
"worse" than normal because of the high water level presently being maintained
in Lake Superior.
The unusual turbidity readings may possibly be explained by a change in
laboratory techniques. During June of 1974, the Wisconsin State Lab of
Hygiene implemented the use of a new turbidimeter. The change to this new
technique may have resulted in some analysis error. Another potential for
error may be the unsuitability of the silicon dioxide method (J.T.D. and N.T.U.)
to accurately respond to clay turbidity.
The benthological survey findings as shown in Figures Br-1 and Br-2 again
reflect the general high quality of the Bois Brule River. All of the stream
stations exhibit a richly diversified benthic fauna indicative of a normal
clean water environment.
Sampling difficulties were encountered in attempting to obtain benthic dredge
samples near the mouth of the Brule. Our Peterson dredge lacked the necessary
extra weights to efficiently penetrate the hard packed sand bottom. The
findings of benthic organisms at Station IX (Figure Br-2) is primarily a
response to physical habitat conditions in the protected river mouth and
should not be considered as a water quality indication in a strict comparison
with the lake stations (I - VIII).
The findings of midge larvae (Chironomidae), sludgeworms (Oligochaeta) and
mayfly nymphs (Hexagenia sp. and Paraloeptophlebia sp.) at Stations I and II
does seem to indicate a slight enrichment factor from the Brule River water.
This enrichment factor appears to be extremely localized but this is difficult
to interpret because of the aforementioned sampling difficulties.
-------
- 11 -
The metals concentrations found during the Brule River survey (Table Br-2)
were quite low and with one exception, well below the recommended levels
published in Water Quality Criteria, 1972. The one exception was mercury.
Although the mercury concentrations found were low, two stations were
shown as having levels over the 0.2 ug/1 criteria as recommended by EPA.
This condition is not considered a serious problem but resampling will be
done to collect more data.
-------
TABLE Br-1
RESULTS OF GENERAL CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS
Bots Brule River-Lake Superior
PARAMETER
Date
1974
River Stations^)
Hwy S
Hwy B
Hwy 2
Hwy FF
Hwy 13
Mouth
IX
I II
Lake Stations^2)
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
MFCC
(No./lOO ml)
MFFCC
(No./lOO ml)
BOD
(5 day)
Total Solids
Susp. Solids
Vol. Susp.
Solids
Total Org. N.
Nitrate N.
Nitrite N.
4/18
6/20
9/16
4/18
6/20
9/16
4/18
6/20
9/16
4/18
6/20
9/16
4/18
6/20
9/16
4/18
6/20
9/16
4/18
6/20
9/16
4/18
6/20
9/16
4/18
6/20
9/16
1200
300
740
10
20
10
3.3
2.5
1.2
70
68
58
15
3
2
8
3
0
.65
.26
.04
.19
.11
.04
.006
.003
.001
200
100
200
10
20
10
2.9
2.5
1.6
96
68
62
14
6
3
4
5
0
.34
.28
.08
.11
.06
.02
.003
.002
.001
300
800
550
10
130
140
2.5
2.9
1.6
86
96
56
18
6
5
2
5
0
.41
.30
.05
.16
.09
.27
.005
.003
.004
300
900
360
10
20
10
2.5
2.9
1.6
114
110
98
41
15
5
2
7
1
.53
,36
.05
.25
.11
.02
.006
.004
.001
1100
1200
810
10
40
200
3.3
2.5
1.2
140
98
78
70
20
10
5
7
0
.58
.42
.00
.11
.12
.02
.007
.005
.001
800
1700
760
20
20
20
2.5
2.9
1.6
146
88
124
80
19
49
2
5
2
.62
.40
.15
.13
.12
.26
.009
.005
.004
1000 200
90 20
10 10
10 10
2.9 2.
1.2 1.
100 92
86 58
13 5
6 8
5 4
0 1
.40
.10
.21
.01
.006 .
.001 .
100
30
10
10
9 3.3
2 1.2
96
90
5
24
4
1
38 .46
12 .10
25 .22
27 .26
007 .008
003 .004
200
30
10
10
3.
1.
96
66
6
10
5
1
,
*
•
•
f
•
300
10
10
10
3 3.
6 1.
100
82
9
19
4
0
43 .
00
24
26
007 .
005 .
100
10
10
10
3 3.
2 1.
94
84
7
8
3
1
34 .
04 .
20 .
27 .
006 .
005 .
100
10
10
10
3 3.3
6 1.2
88
62
4
5
3
0
37 .38
18 .00
22 .24
03 .27
007 .007
002 .003
100
10
10
10
2.9
1.6
72
68
7
13
3
1
.43
.04
.24
.27
.007
.004
-------
Table Br-JL
(Continued)
Date
PARAMETER 1974 Hwy S
NHs-N
Sol. Phos.
Total Phos.
Alkalinity
Total (CaC03>
Silica
Chlorides
Hardness
Temp. (°C)
D.O.
pH (S.U.)
Turbidity
(N.T.U.)
Secchi Disk
All values in
djt
fi/10/76
4/18
6/20
9/16
4/18
6/20
9/16
4/18
6/20
9/16
4/18
6/20
9/16
6/20
9/16
6/20
9/1-6
4/18
6/20
9/16
4/18
6/20
9/16
4/18
6/20
9/16
4/18
6/20
9/18
6/20
9/16
6/20
9/16
mg/1 except
.13
.04
.11
.27
.018
.024
.38
.06
.03
24
44
46
12.8
13.4
0
0
29
46
50
6
14
10
9.2
8.8
9.4
6.8
7.2
7.2
.78
.97
where
Hwy B Hwy 2 Hwy FF
.13
.04
.06
.014
.014
.014
.07
.03
.03
40
52
52
11.4
11.2
0
0
41
2
54
9
15
11
10.7
8.8
10.5
7.1
7.5
7.4
1.3
.48
specified
.05
.05
.13
.012
.010
.008
.05
.04
.02
32
52
52
11
2.7
0
1
37
52
48
2
15
11.5
11.8
9.1
10.6
7.1
7.4
7.4
2.2
4.3
(1)
.05
.04
.13
.014
.006
.011
.08
.04
.02
26
50
52
10.4
11.2
1
0
30
48
60
4
17
12
12.5
9.4
11.6
7.0
7.4
7.6
2.8
1.1
Refer to
Mouth
Hwy 13 IX
.10
.11
.19
.016
.010
.014
.10
.05
.03
28
50
56
11.2
11.8
0
0
32
51
68
4
17
12
113.7
8.8
11.6
7.0
7.6
7.6
6.0
2.3
.10
.03
.05
.018
.012
.014
.12
.06
.05
25
50
46
10.4
2.5
0
1
32
52
52
4
17
13
12.7
9.1
11.6
7.0
7.6
7.5
1.2
52
1.7
3.4
Figure Br-1
I II III
.02 .07 .07
.08 .04 .07
.010 .010 .010
.014 .005 .009
.04 .04 .04
.04 .03 .05
48 44 42
58 40 44
7.4 3.8 3.7
11.4 2.0 2.4
Oil
Oil
50 48 48
60 48 52
16 14 14
13 12 12
9.5 10.3 10.4
11.2 11.2 11.0
7.4 7.4 7.4
7.4 7.4 7.5
7.8 8.8 8.8
4.0 9.0 32
1.7 2.1 2.0
1.0 2.8 1.0
IV
44
42
3
2
36
1
48
52
15
12
10
11
7
7
12
15
2
1
V VI VII
.07 .02 .07 .06
.18 .14 .13 .17
.010 .012 .012 .010
.01 .012 .012 .005
.04 .04 .03 .03
.05 .04 .03 .02
48 44 42
42 58 40
.8 6.6 5.2 3.7
.4 2.4 11.6 2.4
001
101
50 49 47
48 68 46
16 15 15
12 12 12
.4 10.6 10.0 10.2
.0 11.2 11.0 11.2
.4 7.4 7.4 7.4
.4 7.4 7.4 7.4
12 12 6.8
22 2.0 6.2
.2 2.1 1.7 2.8
.8 1.75 1.4 4.0
(2^Refer to Figure Br-2
VIII
.04
.13
.010
.008
.03
.03
50
44
3.6
2.4
0
0
47
48
15
11
10.4
11.2
7.4
7.4
6.6
20
3.0
4.5
t-
i.
-------
v\
3
£
*]*
;]*
4
"2
&
t
Of
u-
o
^
o
t
t>
<&
c-
-------
\
\
-------
TABLE Br-2
METALS CONCENTRATIONS FROM THE BRULE RIVER-LAKE SUPERIOR
DURING 1974
16.
Metals
Station (1
Hwy S
Hwy B
Hwy 2
Hwy FF
Hwy 13
Mouth
I
III
V
' Date
4/18
4/18
4/18
4/18
4/18
4/18
6/20
6/20
6/20
6/20
Cd
^.002
< .002
< .002
<..002
< .002
< .002
< .0002
< .0002
< .0002
< .0002
Cr
.01
.014
4.01
<.01
.01
< .01
<.0008
< .0008
<.0008
< .0008
Cu
.005
.004
.002
.004
.006
.011
<.001
• <.ooi
.005
<.001
Ni
<£.01
<.01
<.01
< .01
< .01
< .01
< .006
<.006
<.006
<.006
Pb
-/ .02
.03
^,.02
-4.02
< .02
< .02
-C.005
<.005
<.005
<.005
Hg
.0004
•^- .0002
-------
17.
TABLE Br-."3
AVERAGE CONCENTRATIONS FOR SELECTED PARAMETERS AT STATIONS
NEAR THE MOUTH OF THE BRULE RIVER
(Refer to Table Br-1)
Stations Closest
Stations Furthest
Parameter
Total Solids
Total Org. N.
Total Phos.
Silica
Hardness
Turbidity (T.U.)
Secchi Disk (Ft.)
River
Mouth IX
106
.28
.055
6.45
52
32
2.6
to River Mouth
(I, II, III, V)
88
.24
.038
4.96
50
13.0
1.8
from River
(IV, VI, VII
79
.23
.031
4.38
50
38.7
2.7
Mouth
, VIII)
-------
- 18 -
Bad River
The chemical characteristics of the Bad River system as documented during
this project are shown in Table Ba-1. In common with the Nemadji and Brule
Rivers, the Bad River watershed contains a significant amount of red clay.
This is reflected in the high solids concentrations, particularly during
the spring runoff period. In comparison, the Bad River carries more silt
load than the Bois Brule but still much less than the Nemadji.
The results from this survey seem to indicate the solids load is reduced
between Highway 2 and the river mouth (Station IX). This may be the result
of the physical characteristics of the lower river (the river below Highway 2
is almost at lake elevation and becomes wide and slow-moving) enabling the
heavier clay particles to settle out. However, assumptions about data from
Station IX are difficult because this site could almost be considered a fresh
water estuary environment and the water circulation in this area may at times
be influenced by wind seiches or other movements of the lake.
Table Ba-3 shows a comparison of water quality data from the river mouth
(Station IX) with those stations closest to the mouth (II, III, IV and VII)
and those furthest away (I, V, VI and VIII). This data seems to indicate a
definite influence on lake water quality from the Bad River within the
relatively small area covered by this survey. All of the parameters checked
showed decreases in concentrations with distance from the river mouth. The
biological survey results indicate that the Bad River and its major tributaries
support a rich benthic fauna with intolerant organisms well represented at all
stations. The widely diverse populations and relative abundance are Indicative
of normal clean water environments.
In comparison with the Brule River area, the Lake Superior stations off the
Bad River are much more productive. This situation appeared mainly to be
the result of physical habitat conditions. The sand bottom was not as hard
packed and at several of the stations, was mixed with substantial amounts
of clay. In addition, Stations I, VII and IV showed significant amounts of
organic debris as a thin bottom covering.
The concentrations of metals found in the Bad River System and Lake Superior
during this survey are shown in Table Ba-2. Most of the concentrations are
quite low and are below Water Quality Criteria recommendations.
The glaring exception to the above are the high levels of lead found at
several locations during the April 22nd sampling. These levels are not
related to any known poilutional "point source" and it is suspected that some
sampling or analytical error is involved. Resampling of those stations which
showed high lead levels will be undertaken in the near future.
One totally unexplainable result is the .6 ug/1 concentration of mercury
found at Lake Superior Station IV on June 26. This concentration does not
appear related to any Bad River influence and is certainly out of line with
expected lake water quality. Further sampling of Lake Superior stations will
be done in 1975 if our work load permits.
-------
TABLE Ba-1
RESULTS OF GENERAL CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS
Bad River-Lake Superior
River Stations
(1)
Lake Stations^2)
Parameter
MFCC
(No./lOO ml)
Date White R. Marengo River
1974 Hwy 169 Hwy 13 Near Highbridge
4-22
6-26
700
9-18 13000
MFFCC
(No./lOO ml)
BOD
(5 day)
Total
Solids
Susp.
Solids
Total
Susp.
Solids
Total
Org. N
Nitrate - N
Nitrite - N
4-22
6-26
9-18
4-22
6-26
9-18
4-22
6-26
9-18
4-22
6-26
9-18
4-22
6-26
9-18
4-22
6-26
9-18
4-22
9-18(4>
4-22
6-26
9-18(4)
<10
30
720
2.5
2.5
.8
88
76
44
25
1
3
1
0
.62
.60
.58
.11
.04
.02
.003
.005
700
300
510
30
20
2.0
1.2
1.2
162
120
276
55
13
134
5
1
10
.62
.27
.37
.08
.03
.03
.007
.004
800
Hwy
1200
2
Mouth
IX
(3)
I II III IV V
300 4100 <100 100 <100 4100
1,400
20
60
150
2.
2.
1.
216
124
104
126
12
8
6
3
0
.
•
.
.
5
5
2
60
38
33
15
09
07
006
004
300
70
10
40
2
2
2
342
102
138
266
4
25
13
0
0
<
170
20
410
.5
.5
.0
.78
.48
.40
.12
.01
.05
.008
.005
.006
2.9
1.2
98
84
5
15
1
1
.43
.25
.18
.005
230 340 60 140 140
10 410 410 410 410
410 <10 410 <:10 .410
2 2 2.5 2 2
.8 .8 .8 .8 1.
58 54 106 62 46
60 64 64 52 54
0050 0
8 12 12 6 5
0010 0
1201 1
.19 .14 .40 .13
.09 .10 .12 .05
.16 .16 .01 .18
.25 .24 .24 .25
.003 .003 .005 .003
VI VII
VIII
4100 4100 4100
200
410 410
410
1.6 1.6
2 1.2
56 52
54
0 0
5
0 0
1
16 .14 .16
15 .09
18 .16 .15
25 .25
003 .003 .004
210
4:10
-------
Table Ba-1
Continued
Parameter
Date
1974
Hwy 169
White R.
Hwy 13
Marengo River
Near Highbridge
Hwy 2
Mouth
IX
I
II
III IV
V VI VII
VIII
NH3-N
Sol. Phos.
Total Phos.
Alkalinity
Total
(CaC03)
Silica
Chlorides
Hardness
Temp. °C
D.O.
4-22
6-26
9-18
4-22
6-26
9-18
4-22
6-26
9-18
4-22
6-26
9-18
6-26
9-18
6-26
9-18
4-22
6-26
9-18
4-22
6-26
9-18
4-22
6-26
9-18
.13
.10
.08
.010
.012
.016
.07
.04
.03
8
30
26
7.6
10.0
1
0
18
36
38
5
19
14
11.9
9.6
10.6
.14
.04
.10
.026
.012
.034
.12
.03
.105
40
86
98
11.0
11.9
1
0
47
88
94
7
19.5
15
11.8
9.3
11.6
.14
.02
.04
.020
.012
.013
.26
.04
.10
20
54
66
9.2
9.6
1
0
29
56
55
6
19.5
16
11.6
9.6
11.3
.04
.11
.024
.010
.015
.21
.03
.04
70
52
8.9
10.6
1
0
28
68
56
6
22
13
11.0
8.1
10.4
.03
.03
.004
.008
.04
.03
62
42
8.4
6.0
1
0
64
53
21
14
8.4
10.6
.
•
m
•
•
•
44
42
2.
2.
1
0
48
52
16
14
11
10.
09
05
003
004
02
02
42
42
9 2
6 2
1
0
52
56
18
14
11
5 10
.01
.07
.004
.004
.01
.02
60
41
.6 8
.8 2
1
0
64
46
21
14
8
.4 10
.02 .02
.03 .09
.012 <.002
.004 .006
.04 .01
.02 .02
42
40
.7 2.3
.2 2.3
2
0
44
46
17
14
.6 11.2
.4 10.6
.
•
4.
•
•
•
44
42
2.
2.
1
0
66
46
17
13.
11
10.
01 .04 .08
04 .06
002 .004 .004
004 .005
01 .02 .01
015 .02
44 42
42
5 2.4 2.4
2 2.2
1 1
0
44 44
44
16 18
5 14
11 11
6 10.5
.05
.07
4.002
.004
.01
.015
42
42
2.5
2.2
1
0
44
46
17
14
11
10.6
-------
Table Ba-1
Continued
Parameter
PH (Su)
Turbidity
(T.U.)
Secchi Disk
(feet)
Date
1974
4-22
6-26
9-18
6-26
9-18
6-26
9-18
Hwy 169
7.0
7.0
7.2
.77
. .95
White R.
Hwy 13
7.2
8.0
7.6
6.3
57
Marengo River
Near Highbridge
7.0
7.4
7.6
3.1
1.5
Hwy 2
7.0
7.4
7.4
4.7
18
Mouth
IX
7.4
7.4
3.4
8.3
2.8
2.0
I
7.4
7.4
.90
3.5
10.7
3.0
II
7.4
7.4
.90
6.5
9.0
2.2
III
7.3
7.5
5.0
7.3
4.7
2.0
IV
7.4
7.4
.85
3.4
14.5
2.2
V
7.4
7.4
.75
2.2
2.2
14.0
VI VII
7.4 7.4
7.4
.68 .73
2.8
11.5 13.5
4.8
VIII
7.4
7.4
.85
1.3
12.5
7.5
All values in mg/1 unless specified
(1) Refer to Figure Ba-2
(2) Refer to Figure Ba-3
(3) Blank spaces indicate data not collected on that date
(4) Data for 9/18 includes Nitrate-N and nitrite-N combined
-------
- j.
-------
o
J>
z
t*
V*
•n
f
*
10
?
r»
fit
z
A
Jlf ^
^o o
n
r-?
Vi
^
^ 1
[>
J
-------
24.
TABLE Ba-2
*
METALS CONCENTRATIONS FROM THE BAD RIVER WATERSHED-LAKE SUPERIOR
DURING 1974
Station (1)
Bad River,
Bad River,
Hwy 13
Hwy. 169
Marengo River-
Date
1974 Cd
4/22 <.002
4/22 ^.002
4/22 .002
Metals
Cr Cu Pb
.01 .005 .27 <
<.01 .004 .06 <
.015 .012 .14 <
Hg Ni
.0002 ^.01
.0002 <,.01
.0002 .01
Zn
.023
.014
.064
near Highbridge
Potato River, above
confluence w/ Bad R.
White R., Hwy 13
Bad River, Hwy 2
Bad River Mouth(IX)
Station II
Station IV
4/22
4/22
2/21
4/19
4/22
7/29
6/26
6/26
6/26
.002
.01
.008 .14 ^.0002 .01
.026
.^.002 <.01 .007 <.02 <.0002 ,01 .025
.0001 .0023 .0034 <.002 ^.0002 <.01 £-02
/,.002 .01,5 .010 <.02 <.0002 <.01 .075
<.002 .010 .012 .15 <.0002 .01 .033
^..0003 .002 <.002 <.003 .0002 <.005 <.02
<.0002 <.0008 A.001 <.005 <..0003 <;.006 ^.05
^ .0002 <.0008 .004 <.005 .0006 ^,006
-------
TABLE Ba-3
AVERAGE CONCENTRATIONS FOR SELECTED PARAMETERS AT STATIONS
NEAR THE MOUTH OF THE BAD RIVER
25.
Stations Closest
Stations Furthes
Parameter
Total Solids
Total Org. N.
Total Phos.
Silica
Hardness
Turbidity (N.T.U.)
Secchi Disk (Ft.)
River
Mouth
91
.34
.035
7.2
58
5.8
2.4
to Mouth
(II, III, IV, & VII)
65
.16
.018
3.33
50
3.5
6.9
from Mouth
(I, V, VI, fi VII:
53
.14
.016
2.44
49
1.6
8.3
-------
- 26 -
Montreal River
General chemical characteristics of the Montreal River and the localized
Lake Superior area are shown in Table M-l.
One problem area that becomes immediately apparent is the bacteriological
contamination that occurs in and downstream from the Hurley locality. This
problem is partly caused by the municipal sewage treatment plant effluents
from Hurley and Ironwood, Michigan. However, additional investigative work
will be implemented to document any other pollutional sources in this area.
It is anticipated that the issuance of WPDES permits to Hurley and the
surrounding Wisconsin communities will call for immediate steps to eliminate
bacterial contamination of wastewater effluents. It is hoped that this action,
along with similar action by the State of Michigan will bring a speedy solution
to this problem.
The Montreal River, in contrast to the other major Wisconsin tributaries
does not have a significant amount of red clay in the watershed. This fact
is demonstrated in the total solids concentrations, which do not reflect the
high spring loadings exhibited by the other streams.
A comparison of several chemical parameters for the river mouth and lake
stations is shown in Table M-3. This data seems to indicate a localized
influence on lake water quality within the relatively small area covered by
this survey.
The biological investigation of the Montreal River (Figure M-l) revealed
diverse Wnthic populations at the two stations above the Hurley sewage
treatment plant. Intolerant organisms were well represented in these stable
benthic communities.
The Highway 2 station, downstream from the Hurley STP exhibited a definite
decrease in the presence and numbers of macroinvertebrates considered
intolerant of low dissolved oxygen conditions. Although the physical
habitat conditions at this site were not ideal for benthic development, it
is felt that these findings are directly related to the impact on the stream
from the Hurley STP.
A normal, diversified benthic population was again found at the Stateline
Road station, approximately two miles downstream from the Hurley-Ironwood
area. The biological community is again well represented with intolerant
organisms and indicates recovery to well oxygenated conditions. The Highway
122 station is located in a flowage environment and the biological community
found during this survey is probably representative and normal for this type
of habitat.
Figure M-2 is a representation of benthic organisms found during sampling
efforts in Lake Superior near the mouth of the Montreal River. The presence
of hard substrate again hampered the collection of dredge samples. The
distribution and abundance of the benthic fauna collected did not reveal any
pattern indicative of a significant biological impact from the Montreal River
outflow.
-------
- 27 -
The metals concentrations found in the Montreal River during this survey are
shown in Table M-2. Again most of the concentrations are quite low and fall
below recommended levels as stated in Water Quality Criteria, 1972.
The high lead values obtained during the April 24th sampling are at this
time unexplained. We are not aware of any "point sources" which contribute
lead to the Montreal River. It is suspected that some sampling or analytical
error may be involved with these high values. In any case resampling of those
stations showing high value is being undertaken as our work load permits.
-------
TABLE M-l
'RESULTS OF GENERAL CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS
Montreal River-Lake Superior
River Stations^ '
Lake Stations^2)
PARAMETER
MFCC
(No./lOO ml)
MFFCC
(No./lOO ml)
B.O.D.
(5 day)
Total Solids
Susp. Solids
Vol. Susp.
Solids
Total Org. N
1974
4-24
6/27
7/2
10/3
4/24
6/27
111
10/3
4/24
6/27
7/2
10/3
4/24
6/27
7/2
10/3
4/24
6/27
111
10/3
4/24
6/27
7/2
10/3
4/24
6/27
7/2
10/3
Hwy C
100
700
-
10
50
10
1.2
1.8
2.5
62
92
76
10
4
2
2
3
2
.60
.62
.54
Parley
Above STP
2,400
24,000
-
420
760
1,200
1.6
2.9
2.1
64
90
84
6
3
1
2
3
0
.60
.62
.54
Stateline
Hwy 2
4,000
38,000
-
870
520
2,900
1.6
2.9
2.8
70
94
96
11
4
3
2
3
2
.63
.90
.65
Road
31,000
22,000
-
2,900
540
220
2.0
4.1
2.1
66
150
110
10
11
3
2
5
2
.60
.77
.61
Hwy 122
3,200
1,900
540
?60
10
50
1.6
2.5
2.5
68
84
72
18
4
2
3
4
2
.58
.53
.45
Mouth I II III
c?)
600 <100 <100 1,600
410 410 410 410
10 10 410 <10
1.8 1.5 1.5 2.2
2.51 2.5 1.8 2.5
76 54 54 72
68 58 56 64
3131
3533
1001
2222
.48 .16 .16 .42
.32 0.0 0.0 .16
IV V VI VII VIII
2004100 <100 <100 <100
410 410 <10 ?0 410
<10 <10 410 410 410
1.5 1.8 1.5 1.2 1.5
1.5 1.8 2.1 1.8 1.5
54 48 54 58 54
48 52 54 52 52
112 22
544 44
101 1 1
321 12
.22 .16 .12 .16 .15
.01 0.0 .05 .04 .05
-------
Table M-l
Continued
PARAMETER
Nitrate - N
Nitrite - N
NH3 - N
Sol. Phos.
Total Phos.
Alkalinity Tot
(CaCOs)
Silica
Dhlorides
Hardness
River Stations' '
Date
1974
4/24
6/27
7/2
10/3
4/24
6/27
7/2
10/3(3
4-24
6/27
7/2
10/3
4/24
6/27
7/2
10/3
4/24
6/27
7/2
10/3
. 4/24
6/27
7/2
10/3
4/24
6/27
7/2
10.3
4/24
6/27
7/2
10/3
4/24
6/27
7/2
10/3
Hwy C
.09
.08
.01
.005
.005
)
.10
.07
.06
.010
.012
. .008
.04
.04
.02
8
30
28
6.6
4.8
5.4
0
12
38
34
Hurley
Above STP
.11
.08
.03
.005
.006
.10
.08
.10
.016
.022
.016
.04
.06
.04
8
38
33
6.8
5.0
6.1
0
1
14
42
41
Lake Stations' '
Stateline
Hwy 2
.11
.13
.06
.005
.015
.08
.41
,30
.018
.31
.05
.06
.44
.10
10
42
36
6.8
5.4
6.2
0
5
3
14
48
44
Road
.14
1.05
.59
.006
.047
.10
.07
.12
.032
.38
.176
.07
.49
.25
10
52
42
6.6
7.2
7.0
0
11
6
16
68
52
Hwy 122 Mouth
.14
.20
.14
.16
.17
.005 •
.009
.006
.10
.05
.07
.07 .09
.036
.060
.042
.043 .043
.08
.08
.09
.07 .08
10
32
28
28 28
6.8
6.0
4.2
4.6 4.7
3
1
3 3
20
40
32
38 34
I II III IV V VI VII VIII
.20 .15 .20 .20 .20 .25 .25 .20
.24 .24 .21 .24 .24 .24 .24 .24
.003 .003 .008 .004 .004 .003 .003 .003
.02 .01 .06 .02 .01 .05 .10 .02
.16 .13 .12 .12 .13 ,11 .08 .09
.002 .002 .036 .004 .002 <.002 .004 <.002
.004 .004 .021 .003 .003 .003 .003 .006
.01 .01 .07 .02 .02 .008 .01 .003
.02 .01 .04 .01 .01 .01 .01 .01
42 40 34 38 40 40 40 40
40 41 36 42 42 42 42 44
1.9 2.2 5.3 2.6 2.4 2.0 2.0 2.0
2.3 2.1 3.2 1.9 1.7 1.9 2.0 1.8
112 1101 1
001 0011 0
48 44 36 44 46 40 40 52 ^
44 44 41 44 46 44 44 44
-------
Table M-l
Continued
PARAMETER
o
Temp. C
D.O.
pH (Su)
Turbidity (T.
Secchi Disk
(ft.)
River Stations '*'
*
Hurley
1974 Hwy C Above STP
4-24 5 4
6-27
7-2 22 23
10-3 6 6
4-24 10.6 11.0
6-27
7-2 6.2 7.5
10-3 11.6 11.6
4-24 6.8 6.8
6-27
7-2 6.8 6.8
10-3 7.2 7.2
U.)4-24
6-27
7-2
10-3 1.1 1.2
4-24
6-27
7-2
10-3
Stateline
Hwy 2 Road Hwy 122 Mouth I
5 5,4
20 12
24 23 25
668 79
11.4 12.3 12.5
8.4 11.8
6.2 7.5 7.5
11.4 12.4 12.4 12.0 11.4
6.8 6.9 7.0
7.2 7.4
7.1 7.6 7.7
7.0 7.2 7.0 7.2 7.2
1.7 .8
1.4 1.2 1.2 1.4 2.2
12.3
6.8
II
12
10
11.
11.
7.
7.
.
2.
12.
6.
4
4
4
2
75
2
3
8
Lake
III
19
9
9.1
11.8
7.2
7.2
1.2
1.2
8.7
4.9
(2)
Stations v '
IV
12.
9.
11.
11.
7.
7.
.
1.
9.
5.
5
5
4
6
4
2
65
5
0
1
V
12
10
10,8
11.5
7.4
7.2
.57
1.8
11.0
5.0
VI
11
9.5
11.6
11.6
7.4
7.0
.60
2.2
12.9
5.0
VII
12
10
10.8
11.5
7.2
7.2
.60
2.2
14.0
5.0
VIII
12
10
10.8
11.0
7.2
7.2
.60
1.4
13.8
5.0
All values in mg/1 unless specified
CD
Refer to Figure M-2
(2)
Refer to Figure M-3
(3)
Blank spaces indicate data not collected on that date
(4)
Nitrate-N and nitrite-N values combined for the 10-3 data
-------
?£
n
T§
?t
r
12????Z2
* 5 ?> £ H *
t^fHr
' r r ; ?
ftftG-ftmstAS
-------
1
ft
\r
2-
o
-------
33.
TABLE M-2
METALS CONCENTRATIONS FROM THE MONTREAL RIVER-LAKE SUPERIOR
DURING 1974
Metals
Station
Hwy G
Hwy C
Hurley (above
STP)
Hwy 2
Stateline Rd»
Hwy 122
.
River Mouth
(Sta. IX)
Lake Sta. II
Lake Sta. IV
Date
4/24
4/24
4/24
4/24
4/24
2/21 .
4/19
4/24
7/29
6/27
6/27
6/27
Cd
.002
.002
.002
.002
<.002
.0001
4.002
-4.002
4^ .0003
<; .0002
4,. 0002
Cr
.015
4\01
.010
^.01
<.01
.0014
.01
<^.01
.002
/.0008
<..0008
<.0008
Cu
.004
.003'
.007
.005
.013
.0013
.077
.016
.002
4.001
<.001
Pb
.10
.25
.15
.18
.25
4-002
<.02
.25
4..003
4.005
4.005
<.005
Hg
4.. 0002
< .0002
<.0002
<.0002
<.0002
4.0002
<.0002
4.0002
.0002
4.0002
4.0002
4,0002
Ni
4.01
4.01
4.01
4.01
<.01
4.01
<.01
<.01
<.005
4.006
-------
TABLE M- 3
AVERAGE CONCENTRATIONS FOR SELECTED PARAMETERS AT STATIONS
NEAR THE MOUTH OF THE MONTREAL RIVER(1>
34.
Stations '
Parameter
Total Solids
Total Org, N.
Total Phos.
Silica
Hardness
Turbidity
Secchi Disk
River Mouth
72
.4
.08
5.35
37
1.55
III
68
.29
.055
4.25
39
1.2
6.8
II & IV
53
.098
.012
2.2
44
1.28
8.3
I & V
53
.08
.015
2.1
46
1.34
8.77
VI, VII & VIII
54
.095
.0085
1.95
44
1.27
9.28
(1)
Refer to Table M-l
-------
- 35 -
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Andrews, L.M. and Threinen, C.W., 1969; Surface Water Resources of Iron
County; Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources; 192 p.
2. Sather, L.M. and Threinen, C.W., 1966; Surface Water Resources of
Ashland County; Wisconsin Conservation Department; 128 p.
3. Sather, L.M. and Johannes, S.I., 1972; Surface Water Resources of
Douglas County; Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources; 166 p.
4. , 1973; Water Quality Criteria, 1972. A report
of the Committee on Water Quality Criteria, Environmental Studies Board,
National Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Engineering,
Washington, D. C., 1972.
-------
36.
APPENDIX A
1973 and 1974 DATA SUMMARIES
Nemadji River
Bois Brule River
Bad River
Montreal River
-------
SURFACE WATER QUALITY RECORD
Source: Nemadji River at Highway C Year: 1974
Field Data
Temp. °C
D.O. (fflg/1)
pH (su)
Bacteriological
MFFCC/100 ml
MFCC/100 ml
Lab Analysis Data
BOD, 5-day
Total Solids
Suspended Solids
Volatile Suspended Solids
Total Organic Nitrogen
Nitrate Nitrogen
Ammonia Nitrogen
Nitrite Nitrogen
Total Phosphorus
Soluble Phosphorus
Silica
Total Iron
Phenol
Manganese
Chlorides
Alkalinity Total (CaCOa)
Hardness
Conductivity micro/cm
Color
Turbidity
pH (su)
Date 1/28 2/14 3/14 4/10 4/18 4/21 4/23 4/25 6/4 6/18 7/22 9/3 9/11 10/4 11/13 12/12
1 0 0 1 3 5 4 7 18 13 20 13.5 14.9 921
11.3 11.7 12.5 13.0 12.6 11.4 12.3 12.6 8.3 9.4 8.4 9.8 9.4 11.0 12.7 12.7
7.4 7.4 7.6 7.6 7.5 7.2 7.0 7.0 7.4 7.4 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.3 7.4
10
•*
2.5
188
12
-
.28
.24
.10
007
.04
-
-
2
110
122
35
7.5
-
—
1.2
186
8
1
.44
.18
.04
.007
.03
.012
13
.92
.005
3
100
124
235
102
7.7
30
1400
2.1
180
11
2
.65
.31
.14
.013
.07
_
13.8
1.16
.005
.04
5
90
100
206
80
7.8
200
2400
3.7
1352
312
21
1.25
.24
.10
.012
.86
.030
37
.01
.04
0
50
62
163
350
32
7.9
30
3700
3.3
1350
1155
50
.91
.10
.13
.013
.86
.028
.01
44
76
7.4
20
1300
0.8
418
292
20
.73
.18
.11
.009
.24
.006
10.2
9.4
.01
.08
0
41
52
116
120
90
7.4
20
100
2.5
460
326
21
1.08
.10
.16
.007
.24
.022
.01
40
56
7.2
10
400
2.5
320
22
8
.77
.11
.07
.012
.18
.036
10
.01
0
40
56
7.2
50
200
3.4
168
36
4
.62
.30
.07
.011
.08
.034
7,8
1.14
.01
.05
0
64
72
135
100
29
7.6
20
600
2.0
210
85
9
.62
.01
.03
.006
.10
.012
7.2
3.4
.01
.08
1
60
74
140
41
7.3
2.5
362
202
14
.62
.11
.01
.005
.14
.019
14
8.5
.01
.11
3
96
104
240
60
140
7.8
20
1400
2.5
188
9
1
.42
.03
.04
.002
.03
.012
10
1.04
.01
.07
1
106
118
243
30
16
8.1
30
100
2.9
180
14
3
.37
.06
.01
.001
.04
.008
11.2
.96
.01
.11
2.0
112
124
265
15
16
7.8
10
290
.9
190
10
9
.50
.03
.0
.002
.05
.006
13.2
.60
.01
.04
3
120
130
264
30
5.1
7.8
20 10
120
1.8
153
21
3
.52
.07
.03
.05
.010
11
1.76
.01
.04
2
63
76
153
120
25
7.6
-------
Date 1/28 2/14 3/14 4/10 4/18 4/21 4/23 4/25 6/4 6/18 7/22 9/3 9/11 10/4 11/13 12/12
COD
Cyanide
Fluoride
Magnesium
Potassium
Sodium
Sulphate
Calcium
Metals (mg/1)
Arsenic
Barium
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Nickel
Selenium
Zinc
Organics (ppb)
DDT
ODD
DDE
PCB
Aldrin
Dieldrin
Heptachlor
Heptachlor Epoxide
Lindane
Methoxychlor
Phthalate
34
.02
.15
14
.02
.05
.0002
.0012
.0006
.002
.0002
.01
.002
.02
.004
.004
.002
.04
.005
.002
.002
.002
.001
.01
.2
39
.01
.15
.08
1.7
1.8
2
16
.04
.02
.02
.3
.01
.01
.01
.01
.005
.02
.2
31
.02
.10
3.2
4.8
12
29
.002
.070
.004
.01
.015
.05
.0002
.01
.01
.04
.01
.005
.01
.04
.002
.005
.002
.002
.002
.01
.5
Radiological
Gross Alpha
Gross Beta
1.1
3.9
367
1.7
0.9
11.7
380
5.2 + 1.0
2.5
2.6
12.2 + 1.6
(Results in mg/1 unless specified)
Uj
00
-------
SURFACE WATER QUALITY RECORD
Source: Brule River at Highway 13 Year: 1973
Date-
Field Data
Temp. °C
D.O. (mg/1)
pH (su)
Bacteriological
MFFCC/100 ml
MFCC/100 ml
Lab Analysis Data
BOD, 5-day
Total Solids
Suspended Solids
Volatile Suspended Solids
Total Organic Nitrogen
Nitrate Nitrogen
Ammonia Nitrogen
Nitrite Nitrogen
Total Phosphorus
Soluble Phosphorus
Silica
Total Iron
Phenol
Manganese
Chlorides
Alkalinity Total (CaC03)
Hardness
Conductivity micro/cm
Color
Turbidity
pH (su)
(Results in mg/1 unless specified)
6/27 7/31 9/5 9/25 10/25 11/20 12/17
18 18 16 14 12 4 0
8.4 10.0 8.8 9.9 10.6 13.0 13.4
7.7 8.0 - 7.4 7.5 7.4 7.2
20
2.5
120
16
5
1
56
64
35
7.7
10
0.9
210
23
11
.31
.03
.03
.004
.04
.008
.52
.05
0
52
68
146
30
5.8
6.8
40
2.2
16
.47
.01
.01
.005
.06
—
1.76
.01
.04
56
7.8
80
100
2.1
96
8
0
.28
.04
.04
.003
.03
-
8.1
.22
.005
.04
0
58
60
133
20
3.0
7.5
40
3300
1.5
108
6
0
.40
.10
.05
-
.06
-
8.2
.40
.01
.045
0
54
64
140
30
7.2
7.6
50
1200
1.8
90
3
2
.05
.06
.05
.007
.05
.050
7.6
0.2
.01
.04
0
58
53
137
20
2.8
7.4
10
100
2.5
90
4
4
.15
.14
.08
.006
.09
.012
10
.36
-
.04
8
60
64
92
20
5.4
7.6
VO
-------
SURFACE WATER QUALITY RECORD
Source: Brule River Highway 13 Year: 1974
Date- 1/24 2/18 3/14 4/16 4/18 4/21 4/23 4/2.5. 6/4 6/20 7/22 9/4 9/10 10/4 10/17 11/21
Field Data
Temp. °C
D.O. (tng/1)
pH (su)
Bacteriological
MFFCC/100 ml
MFCC/100 ml
Lab Analysis Data
BOD, 5-day
Total Solids
Suspended Solids
Volatile Suspended Solids
Total Organic Nitrogen
Nitrate Nitrogen
Ammonia Nitrogen
Nitrite Nitrogen
Total Phosphorus
Soluble Phosphorus
Silica
Total Iron
Phenol
Manganese
Chlorides
Alkalinity Total
Hardness
Conductivity micro/cm
Color
Turbidity (su)
PH (su)
2
12.1
7.3
10
300
1.5
102
18
.41
.15
.10
.004
.06
.024
11
0.5
.005
.04
0
58
60
1340
10
6.2
7.1
2
13.0
7.5
1.6
100
7
2
.19
.15
.02
.003
.04
.014
10.2
.24
—
-
2
48
58
860
5
4
7.4
1
13.5
7.7
10
200
0.9
112
15
3
.29
.29
.06
.006
.06
-
9.6
.66
.005
.04
2
59
60
121
20
12
7.7
5
12.9
7.2
20
170
4.1
116
56
10
.58
.11
.05
.007
.08
.014
9.6
2.0
.01
.04
1
30
38
89
70
14
7.2
4
13.7
7.0
10
1100
3.3
140
70
5
.58
.11
.10
.007
.10
.016
-
—
.01
-
-
28
32
—
-
—
7.0
9
11.9
7.8
20
300
1.2
100
35
6
.40
.04
.05
.007
.07
.02
-
1.36
.01
.04
1
36
39
92
70
20
7.4
7
12.5
7.0
10
23000
1.6
106
20
5
.50
.07
.06
.007
.12
.016
-
—
.01
-
—
32
40
—
-
-
7.3
10
11.6
7.1
10
200
1.6
112
28
3
.49
.08
.07
.009
.08
.034
9.4
—
.01
-
0
40
56
—
-
—
7.3
20
9.5
7.8
10
1200
3.1
98
13
3
.32
.09
.06
.005
.06
.020?
8.0
.46
.01
.05
0
52
60
105
30
5
6.9
17
8.8
7.6
40
1200
2.5
98
20
7
.42
.12
.11
.005
.05
.010
11.2
.70
.01
.05
0
50
51
97
40
6
7.8
19
10.1
8.0
310
7200
2.5
118
25
4
.36
.04
.02
.004
.07
.021
10.8
1.06
.01
.05
2
58
56
130
30
16
7.8
13
10.9
7.8
10
700
1.6
98
6
0
.18
.14
.02
.006
.03
.010
11
.24
.21
.04
0
60
72
130
20
3
7.9
12
11.6
7.6
200
810
1.2
78
10
0
.02
.19
.001
.03
.014
11.8
.22
.01
.04
0
56
68
130
20
2.3
7.9
8.5
12.0
7.4
10
510
.6
96
8
4
.46
.02
.03
.001
.02
.006
11.6
.20
.01
.04
0
54
62
1320
15
1.7
7.5
9
11.0
7.4
20
100
4.5
86
5
1
.17
.04
.01
.002
.02
.009
11.8
.20
.01
.04
0
56
58
220
20
2.5
7.9
2
13.3
7.3
30
550
1.2
82
1
0
.19
.10
.06
—
.04
.025
12.2
.42
.01
.04
1
52
56
113
40
7.2
7.8
-------
Date- 1/24 2/18 3/14 4/16 4/18 4/21 4/23 4/25 6/4 6/20 7/22 9/4 9/10 10/4 10/17 11/21
COD
Cyanide
Fluoride
Magnesium
Potassium
Sodium
Sulphate
Calcium
Metals (mg/1)
Arsenic
Barium
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Nickel
Selenium
Zinc
Organics (ppb)
DDT
DDD
DDE
PCB
Aldrin
Dieldrin
Heptachlor
Heptachlor Epoxide
Lindane
Methoxychlor
Phthalate
Radiological
Gross Alpha
Gross Beta
H3
Sr90
Ra226
11
.01
.10
.02
,0265
.0001
.0016
.0006
.002
.0002
.01
.003
.02
.004
.004
.002
.04
.005
.002
.002
.002
.001
.01
0.2
2.5
2.5
2361
1.7
2.1
.01
.10
3
.8
2.2
2
11
.02
.029
.002
.01
.006
.02
.0002
.01
.003
.011
.01
.005
.005
.02
.002
.005
.002
.002
.002
.02
0.2
3.5
410
35
2.5
.02
.10
5
1.0
2.7
3
14
.005
.01
.006
.04
.0002
.006
.02
.01
.005
.005
.04
.002
.005
.002
.002
.002
.002
0.5
4.3
4.6 +.8
(Results in mg/1 unless specified)
-------
SURFACE WATER QUALITY RECORD
Source: Bad River at Highway 2 Year: 1973
Date- 2/5 2/27 3/20 4/23 5/29 6/27 7/31 9/5 9/25 10/25 11/20
Field Data
Temp. °C
D.O. (mg/1)
pH (su)
Bacteriological
MFFCC/100 ml
MFCC/100 ml
Lab Analysis Data
BOD, 5-day
Total Solids
Suspended Solids
Volatile Suspended Solids
Total Organic Nitrogen
Nitrate Nitrogen
Ammonia Nitrogen
Nitrite Nitrogen
Total Phosphorus
Soluble Phosphorus
Silica
Total Iron
Phenol
Manganese
Chlorides
Alkalinity Total (Caco3)
Hardness
Conductivity micro/cm
Color (su)
Turbidity
pH (su)
0
11.6
7.2
15
2.5
112
2
0
.26
.18
.10
.03
2
64
72
40
0
11.9
7.2
5
300
2.5
122
6
2
1
74
76
40
0
13.1
7.0
5
1.5
146
53
2
.41
.12
.60
.006
.06
.016
0
29
46
100
10
9.4
7.2
10
3.7
128
24
2
0
36
40
100
15
8.7
7.2
1.8
128
22
1
0
34
40
120
21
7.2
7.5
20
1.8
130
10
3
0
74
72
50
20
7.2
6.5
10
4.3
132
2.6
13
.46
.03
.03
.004
.05
.016
1.14
.05
0
56
68
141
70
20
7.0
7.5
190
0.9
62
.63
.04
.01
.007
.09
7.6
3.8
.005
.04
0
68
150
80
14
9.7
7.6
100
140
2.9
126
13
1
.37
.04
.05
.004
.05
9.0
.50
.005
.04
0
70
72
158
45
15
12
9.3
7.4
30
13000
2.4
122
7
0
.54
.18
.07
.04
9.5
.66
.01
.045
0
70
74
169
60
9.7
4
13.0
7.3
20
900
1.5
106
5
3
.16
.10
.06
.005
.01
.010
8.0
.60
.01
.04
1
72
86
166
45
5.5
(Results in mg/1 unless specified)
-------
SURFACE WATER DUALITY RECORD
Source: Bad River at Highway 2 Year: 1974
Date~ 1/28 2/21 3/12 3/19 4/19 4/22 4/24 4/26 4/29 5/23 6/26 7/29 9/10 9/17 10/29 12/3
Field Data
Temp. °C
D.O. (mg/1)
pH (su)
Bact er iolo gical
MFFCC/100 ml
MFCC/100 ml
Lab Analysis Data
BOD, 5-day
Total Solids
Suspended Solids
Volatile Suspended Solids
Total Organic Nitrogen
Nitrate Nitrogen
Ammonia Nitrogen
Nitrite Nitrogen
Total Phosphorus
Soluble Phosphorus
Silica
Total Iron
Phenol
Manganese
Chlorides
Alkalinity Total (CaC03)
Hardness
Conductivity micro/cm
Color (su)
Turbidity (JTU)
pH (su)
0
320
500
1.8
144
30
8
.30
.11
.10
.005
.03
.014
14
.78
.005
.04
3
79
80
180
25
15
7.3
1
10.7
20
800
2.5
118
—
—
.17
.07
.04
.005
.03
.018
11.8
.38
.005
.04
1
78
80
158
5
3.5
7.6
1
12.9
50
3600
3.4
132
19
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
58
72
-
80
28
7.6
:
—
—
-
-
.62
.15
.10
.009
.05
—
11.8
.94
.005
.04
—
-
-
145
-
-
—
5
12.4
7 />
.u
10
400
2.5
242
168
16
.63
.24
.14
.008
.15
.02
9.6
4.0
.01
.04
1
22
30
83
100
65
7.5
6
11.0
7 /I
.U
70
1200
2.5
342
26*
13
.78
.12
.14
.008
.21
.024
-
-
.01
—
—
2i
28
—
—
-
7.0
5
11.3
7 n
.u
30
400
1.2
232
124
8
.70
.13
.07
.009
.15
.036
9.0
-
.01
—
0
20
28
-
-
-
7.0
11
11.2
7n
.u
10
100
3.7
162
72
0
.69
.12
.07
.011
.10
.024
9.4
-
.02
-
0
22
28
-
-
-
7.3
14
10.2
30
400
2.5
120
33
1
.55
.06
.04
.005
.06
.018
7.2
-
.01
—
0
20
38
-
80
-
7.2
17
7.6
10
700
6.1
122
17
3
.48
.05
.06
.004
.04
.012
7.2
.85
.01
.04
0
56
56
115
55
6.1
7.2
22
8.1
10
100
2.5
102
4
0
.48
.01
.04
.005
.03
.010
8.9
.64
—
,05
1
70
68
-
60
4.7
8.0
23
8.2
10
100
2.8
112
12
2
.35
.11
.02
.003
.04
.020
3.6
.54
.01
.05
0
78
81
170
30
12
8.1
14
8.3
7 ft
/ . O
30
1400
4
164
62
4
.40
.10
.17
.008
.07
.021
14
2.5
.01
.11
0
78
116
170
40
55
7.6
13
10.4
71,
.H
40
300
2
138
25
0
.40
.05
.11
.006
.04
.015
10.6
1.88
.01
.04
0
52
56
120
100
18
7.6
10
10.3
8 A
.U
10
240
0.9
122
7
1
.17
.02
.09
-
.04
.016
12
2.5
.01
.04
1
76
80
160
40
6.3
7.9
1
12.3
7 "\
1 . O
30
350
.02
-------
Date- 1/28 2/21 3/12 3/19 4/19 4/22 4/24 4/26 4/29 5/23 6/26 7/29 9/10 9/17 10/29 12/3
COD
Cyanide
Fluoride
Magnesium
Potassium
Sodium
Sulphate
Calcium
Metals (mg/1)
Arsenic
Barium
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Nickel
Selenium
Zinc
prganics (ppb)
DDT
ODD
DDE
PCB
Aldrin
Dieldrin
Heptachlor
Heptachlor Epoxide
Lindane
Methoxychlor
Phthalete
Radiological
Gross Alpha
Gross Beta
H3
Sr90
Ra226
10
.02
.15
5.0
.02
.035
.0001
.0023
.0034
.002
.0002
.01
.003
.02
.004
.004
.002
.04
.005
.002
.002
.002
.001
.01
0.2
1.1
2.9
367
112
34
.01
.10
2
1.3
1.7
7.0
9
.02
.030
.002
.015
.010
.02
.0002
.01
.003
.075
.01
.005
.005
.02
.002
.005
.002
.002
.002
.02
0.2
6.7
400
2.1 ± 8
2.5
16
.20
6
1.0
3.3
4
22
.002
.05
.0003
.002
.002
.003
.0002
.005
.01
.02
.01
.005
.005
.04
.002
.005
.002
.002
.002
.01
0.2
1.3
5.1
(Results in mg/1 unless specified)
-------
1 . SURFACE WATER QUALITY RECORD
Source: Montreal River at Highway 122 Year: 1973
Date- 2/5 2/27 3/20 4/23 5/29 6/27 7/31 9/5 9/25 10/29 11/20 12/13
Field Data
Temp. °C
D.O. (mg/1)
pH
-------
SURFACE WATER QUALITY RECORD
Source: Montreal River at Highway 122 Year: 1974
Date- 1/28 2/21 3/12 3/19 4/19 4/24 4/26 4/29 5/24 7/2 7/29 9/10 10/3 10/29 12/3
F ield Data
Temp. °C
D.O. (mg/1)
pH (su)
Bac teriolo gical
MFFCC/100 ml
MFEC/100 ml
Lab Analysis
BOD, 5-day
Total Solids
Suspended Solids
Volatile Suspended Solids
Total Organic Nitrogen
Nitrate Nitrogen
Ammonia Nitrogen
Nitrite Nitrogen
Total Phosphorus
Soluble Phosphorus
Silica
Total Iron
Phenol
Manganese
Chlorides
Alkalinity Total (CaC03)
Hardness
Conductivity micro/cm
Color
Turbidity
pH (su)
0
7.1
10
300
1.8
106
13
5
.49
.24
.16
.011
.09
.064
8.8
.50
.005
.04
1
38
46
110
80
2.3
7.0
1
13.0
7.2
10
7600
2.0
104
1
1
.48
.09
.19
.01
.15
.06
7.8
.68
.005
.04
3
34
40
86
35
2.4
7.2
1
13.5
7.1
10
100
2.5
102
5
3
6
36
56
60
4.4
7.3
.62
.27
.19
.01
.08
2.4
.82
.005
.04
120
5
13.2
7.0
230
5200
2.9
72
18
4
.46
.27
.10
.008
.07
.01
7.2
.46
.01
.04
1
14
23
59
60
7.1
7.0
4
12.5
7.0
360
3200
1.6
^8
18
3
.58
.14
.10
.005
.08
.038
6.8
.01
0
10
20
6.7
10
11.9
7.0
590
2600
4.1
72
4
0
.62
.11
.08
.009
.06
.020
7.0
.01
0
20
24
7.1
14
10.0
7.2
220
3700
3.3
76
8
2
.59
.08
,05
.006
.06
.028
3.8
.01
0
20
32
80
7.2
15
9.8
7.8
50
2400
2.8
104
11
2
.72
.11
.07
.009
.10
.048
6.6
.64
.01
.04
2
39
44
88
100
3.5
7.7
25
7.5
7.7
10
1900
2.5
84
4
4
.53
.14
.07
.006
.09
.042
4.2
.32
.01
.05
1
28
32
71
70
2
7.05
23.5
8.3
7.2
10
600
3.1
68
1
1
.57
.10
.01
.004
.09
.048
1.6
.5
.01
.05
1
36
33
79
60
7.5
15.5
9.4
7.8
80
2900
4.1
70
5
0
.60
.16
.03
.002
.08
.041
4.4
.6
.01
.70
1
22
34
75
60
2.7
7.1
8
12.4
7.0
50
540
2.5
72
2
2
.45
.16
.07
.07
.043
4.6
.52
.01
3
28
38
77.5
40
1.2
6.75
11.5
10.2
7.2
10
10
1.2
80
1
0
.42
.18
.14
.07
.037
5.6
.48
-
.04
1
26
34
76
80
2
7.3
1
13.1
7.2
240
1400
1.5
88
4
2
.10
.27
.10
.07
.033
1.0
.6
.02
.04
4
38
53
110
90
1.7
7.6
-------
Date- 1/28 2/21 3/12 3/19 4/19 4/24 4/26 4/29 5/24 7/2 7/29
10/3
COD
Cyanide
Fluoride
Magnesium
Potassium
Sodium
Sulphate
Calcium
Metals (mg/1)
Arsenic
Barium
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Nickel
Selenium
Zinc
Organics (ppb)
DDT
DDD
DDE
PCB
Aldrin
Dieldrin
Heptachlor
Heptachlor Epoxide
Lindane
Methoxychlor
Phthalate
R adiologieal
Gross Alpha
Gross Beta
H3
Sr9«
Ra226
45
.01
.10
3.0
.02
.013
.0001
.0014
.0013
.002
.0002
.01
.003
.02
.004
.002
.04
.005
.002
.002
.002
.001
.01
0.2
2.5
2.5
367
1.2
26
.01
.15
1
3.0
7
.02
.01
.002
.01
.077
.02
.0002
.01
.^03
.015
.005
.005
.02
.002
.005
.002
.002
.002
.02
0.2
2.5
400
2.5
2.5
31
.03
.10
2
.85
2.1
4
10
.002
.009
.0003
.002
.002
.003
.0002
,005
.01
.02
.005
.005
.04
.002
.005
.002
.002
.002
.01
0.2
2.0 + .7
8.7 + .9
(Results in mg/1 unless specified)
-------
48.
APPENDIX B
1975 PATA SUMMARIES
-------
1975 MONITORING DATA - NEMADJI RIVER NEAR SUPERIOR
Station: 16003
Parameter
Water Temp, (cent)
pH (su)
BOD, 5-day (mg/1)
Lab pH (su)
Residue, Total (mg/1)
Residue, Tot Nflt (mg/1)
Residue, Vol Nflt (mg/1)
Phos-Tot (mg/1)
Phos-Dis Ortho (mg/1 P)
Org N N (mg/1)
NH3-N Total (mg/1)
N02 & N03 N-Total (mg/1)
T Alk CaCOs (mg/1)
Chloride Cl (mg/1)
Color PT-CO
Conductivity at 25°C (micromho)
Total Hard CAC03 (mg/1)
Turbidity (FTU)
Silica Total (mg/1)
Iron Fe (mg/1)
Manganese Mn (ug/1)
Fee Coli (m-fc agar/100 ml)
Phenols (ug/1)
Tot Coli (mfimendo/100 ml)
Cyanide Cn (mg/1
COD Hi Level (mg/1)
Cadmium Cd Tot (ug/1)
Chromium Cr Tot (ug/1)
Copper Cu Tot (ug/1)
Lead Pb Tot (ug/1)
Mercury Hg Tot (ug/1)
Nickel Ni Tot (ug/1)
Date
2/12
0
7.2
2.1
7.4
150
6
6
.02
.011
.72
.14
.27
104
3
60
238
108
7
17
.44
.04
10
.04
100
4/3
1
7.4
1.5
7.3
174
10
2
.50
.018
.46
.10
.27
82
3
140
210
97
25
14.3
2
.04
4/17
.5
7.4
2.1
7.0
632
542
42
.27
.03
.54
.20
.21
52
2
140
143
57
230
7.8
13.8
.26
110
.023
2900
4/21
4
7.3
7.3
564
464
32
.31
.054
.80
.17
.22
42
0
140
113
45
170
7.8
13.5
.24
30
.002
600
.01
66
.0005
.003
.007
1.2
.0002
.02
4/24
5.5
7.5
2.1
7.1
614
512
28
.41
.074
.71
.09
.14
41
0
140
140
55
180
7.0
14.5
.22
20
.001
500
5/7
11
7.2
2.1
7.3
246
140
12
.11
.036
.22
.41
.07
48
0
140
119
58
66
6.5
5.2
.09
6/12
12
7.8
2.5
7.8
218
58
9
.05
.023
.05
.06
102
1
70
238
110
35
10.8
170
v£>
-------
Parameter
Zinc Zn Tot (ug/1)
Residue Tot Vol (rag/1)
Calcium Ca Tot (mg/1)
Magnesium Me; Tot (mg/1)
Potassium K Tot (rag/1)
Sodium Na Tot (mg/1)
Sulfate SO 4 Tot (mg/1)
Fluoride F Tot (mg/1)
BOD, 6-day (mg/1)
Flow (cfs)
Dissolved Oxygen
a - Data is provisional
2/12
4/3
4/17
78
210a
3600a
Date
4/21
.05
68
15
2
2
2
1
.2
3.4
3500a
4/24
74
5/7
6/12
4700a
9.3
Ul
o
-------
Parameter
Water Temp (cent)
pH (su)
BOD, 5-day (mg/1)
Lab pH (su)
Residue Total (mg/1)
Residue Total Nflt (mg/1)
Residue Vol Nflt (mg/1)
Phos Tot (mg/1)
Phos Dis Ortho (mg/1 P)
Org N N (mg/1)
NH3N Total (mg/1)
N02 & N03 Total (mg/1)
T Alk CaC03 (mg/1)
Chloride Cl (mg/1)
Color PT-CO
Conductivity at 25°C (micromho)
Total Hardness CAC03 (mg/1)
Turbidity (FTU)
Silica Total (mg/1)
Iron Fe (mg/1)
Manganese Mn (ug/1)
Fee Coli (m-fc agar/100 ml)
Phenols (mg/1)
Cyanide Cn (mg/1)
Tot Coli (mfimendo/100 ml)
COD Hi Level (mg/1)
Zinc Zn Total (ug/1)
Residue Total Vol (mg/1)
Fee Coli (m-fc agar/100 ml)
Iron Fe (mg/1)
Flow (cfs)
Calcium Ca Total (mg/1)
Magnesium Mg Total (mg/1)
Potassium K Total (mg/1)
Sodium Na Total (mg/1)
Sulfate S04 Total (mg/1)
Fluoride F Total (mg/1)
BOD, 6-day (mg/1)
Dissolved Oxygen (mg/1)
: DATA - BOIS BRULE RIVER NEAR PORT
Station: 163002
Date
2/12
1
7.2
2.1
7.3
80
13
6
.03
.017
.67
.19
.12
58
1
30
127
64
4.6
14
.3€
.01
4/3
1
7.4
1.8
7.3
104
16
4
.05
.01
.15
.05
.07
56
0
35
131
56
5.1
12.5
.48
.04
.018
4/17
4
7.2
1.5
6.9
138
53
8
.09
.031
.53
.09
.17
34
1
90
92
36
32
9.5
2.32
.05
20
.001
4/21
6
7.2
6.9
120
34
4
.11
.073
.47
.06
.11
30
1
90
86
34
19
9.3
.14
.04
WING
4/24
5
7.1
1.5
6.6
114
38
4
.07
.013
.33
.04
.02
28
0
80
77
35
17
8.5
.04
.005
5/7
11
7.1
2.1
7.5
30
6
.06
.032
.17
.22
.07
46
0
70
102
48
15
93
.04
6/12
12
7.4
2.8
7.7
122
26
4
.05
.027
.34
.04
.06
60
1
30
143
60
15
12.3
50
420
140
.01
420
100
43
.05
155
269
44
432
8
3
1
2
4
.25
3.1
48
10
1
478
1.08
,36
9.6
-------
1975 MONITORING DATA - MONTREAL RIVER NEAR SAXON
Station: 263001
Date
Parameter 1/30 2/24 4/17 4/21 4/24 5/7 5/8 6/13
Water temp (cent) 1 1 1 5 4 12.5 12.5 15
pH (su) 7 7.4 7.1 7.1 7.1 6.8 6.8 7.4
BOD, 5-day (mg/1) 2.1 1.2 1.8 2.8
Lab pH (su) 7 7 6.6 6.8 7
Residue Total (mg/1) 112 86 100 74 76
Residue Total Nflt (mg/1) 5 7 27 10 3
Residue Vol Nflt (mg/1) 5062 0
Phos Total (mg/1) .07 .07 .08 .05 .05
Phos Dis Ortho (mg/1 P) .042 .045 .02 .023 .032
Org N N (mg/1) .22 .32 .36 .42 .34
NH3N Total (mg/1) .45 .13 .47 .07 .05
N02 & N03 Total (mg/1) .27 .27 .32 .25 .12
T Alk CSC03 (mg/1) 24 32 22 17 28
Chloride Cl (mg/1) 4331 2
Color PT-CO 80 80 80 80 80
Conductivity at 25°C (micromho) 108 96 85 65 82
Total Hardness CAC03 (mg/1) 40 40 30 22 36
Turbidity (FTU) 1.4 1.6 14 6 2.3
Silica Total (mg/1) 8.8 8.8 7.8 6 4.5
Iron Fe (mg/1) .6 .64 10.4 .48 .68 .44 .55
Manganese Mn (ug/1) .06 .04 .08 .04 .04 .05 90
Fee Coli (m-fc agar/100 ml) 130 1500
Phenols (mg/1) .02 .02 .015 .001 .001 1
Dissolved Oxygen (mg/1) '
Calcium Ca Total (mg/1) 6
Magnesium Mg Total (mg/1) 2
Potassium K Total (mg/1) 1
Sodium Na Total (mg/1) 2
Sulfate S04 Total (mg/1) 5
Fluoride F Total (mg/1) .25
BOD, 6-day (mg/1) 2.5
Residue Total Vol (mg/1) 42
DDT (ug/1) -
DDE (ug/1)
ODD (ug/1)
in
-------
Parameter
1/30
2/24
4/17
4/21
4/24
5/7
5/8
6/13
Heptachlor (ug/1)
Lindane (ug/1)
Heptachlor Epoxide (ug/1)
Tot Coli MFIMENDO (/100 ml)
Cadmium Cd Total (ug/1)
Chromium Cr Total (ug/1)
Copper Cu Total (ug/1)
Lead Pb Total (ug/1)
Mercury Hg Total (ug/1)
Nickel Ni Total (ug/1)
Zinc Zn Total (ug/1)
Cyanide Cn (mg/1)
COD Hi Level (mg/1)
Flow (cfs)
730
17000
.002
.002
.002
.0002
.003
.003
.003
.0002
.02
.05
.01
196
223
970
35
654
2382
l/i
OJ
-------
1975 MONITORING DATA - BAD RIVER AT ODANAH
Station: 023001
Parameter
Water Temp (cent)
pH (su)
BOD, 5-day (mg/1)
Lab pH (su)
Residue Total (rag/1)
Residue Total Nflt (mg/1)
Residue Vol Nflt (mg/1)
Phos Tot (mg/1)
Phos Dis Ortho (mg/1 P)
Org N N (mg/1)
NH3N Total (mg/1)
N02 & N03 Total (mg/1)
T Alk CAC03
Chloride Cl (mg/1)
Color PT-CO
Conductivity at 25°C (micromho)
Total Hardness CaC03 (mg/1)
Turbidity (FTU)
Silica Total (mg/1)
Iron Fe (mg/1)
Manganese Mn (ug/1)
Fee Coli (m-fc agar/100 ml)
Phenols (ug/1)
Tot Coli MFIMENDO (/100 ml)
Cyanide Cn (mg/1)
COD Hi Level (mg/1)
Cadmium Cd (ug/1)
Chromium Cr Tot (ug/1)
Copper Cu Tot (ug/1)
Lead Pb Tot (ug/1)
Mercury Hg Tot (ug/1)
Nickel Ni Tot (ug/1)
Zinc Zn Tot (ug/1)
Residue Tot Vol (mg/1)
Calcium Ca Tot (mg/1)
Date
1/30
0
7.2
1.8
7.6
134
10
6
.03
.009
.07
.23
.21
70
1
40
156
73
4.8
15
.52
.04
2/24 4/14
1
7.4
7.6
220
17
3
.06
.034
.22
.05
.40
98
45
30
334
100
7.1
21.5
.64
.04
10
.001
260
4/17
3
7.1
3.1
6.8
520
428
30
.30
.03
.65
.27
.21
32
1
140
89
37
130
8.3
11
.18
40
.002
4/21
4.5
7.0
6.9
262
172
10
.14
.095
.69
.08
.20
22
0
140
71
29
62
8
3.6
.07
.001
.01
41
.0002
.003
.003
.19
.0002
.02
.05
52
8
4/24
4.5
7.0
3.1
6.6
458
382
16
.25
.035
.62
.07
.12
24
0
140
69
30
96
7.5
7.5
.11
100
.001
58
5/7
12
7.1
2.1
7.2
118
32
2
.04
.027
.28
.06
.05
39
2
80
110
52
16
7.3
5/8 6/13
12 15.5
7.1 7.6
3.1
7.7
136
7
1
.03
.011
.25
.01
.04
82
1
30
175
82
7.5
10
3.4 .3
.07
20
1
Ul
-------
Parameter
1/30
2/24
4/14
4/17
4/21
4/24
5/7
5/8
6/13
Magnesium Mg Tot (mg/1)
Potassium K Tot (mg/1)
Sodium Na Tot (mg/1)
Sulfate SO^ Tot (mg/1)
Fluoride F Tot (mg/1)
DDT (ug/1)
DDE (ug/1)
DDD (ug/1)
Aldrin (ug/1)
Heptachlor (ug/1)
Lindane (ug/1)
Heptachlor Epoxide (ug/1)
Dieldrin (ug/1)
Methoxychlor (ug/1)
PCBs (ug/1)
DEHP (ug/1)
Oil & Grease (mg/1)
Flow (cfs)
BOD, 6-day (mg/1)
Dissolved Oxygen (mg/1)
260
230
2000
3520
2
1
1
5
.25
.01
.005
.005
.002
.002
.002
.002
.005
.02
.04
.02
.02
3660
3.4
6330
8.5
Ul
in
-------
56.
APPENDIX C
River Flows Near Monitoring Stations (cfs)
Date Nemadj i1 Bois Brule2 Bad3 Montreal^ Date Nemadj i Bois Brule Bad Monj
2/05/73
2/27/73
3/20/73
4/23/73
5/29/73
6/27/73
7/03/73
7/31/73
9/05/73
9/25/73
10/25/73
10/29/73
11/20/73
12/13/73
12/17/73
1/24/74
1/28/74 74
2/12/74
2/14/74 72
2/18/75
2/21/74
3/12/74
3/14/75 210
3/19/74
4/10/74 1000
163
133
183
146
177
165
150
140
140
141
330
240
2160
1180
1110
352
376
447
262
243
286
190
190
540
310
189
215
211
911
372
504
242
234
183
185
161
100
161
195
4/16/74
4/18/74
4/19/74
4/21/74
4/22/74
4/23/74
4/24/74
4/25/74
4/26/74
4/29/74
5/23/74
5/24/74
6/04/74
6/18/74
6/20/74
6/26/74
6/27/74
7/02/74
7/22/74
7/29/74
9/03/74
9/04/74
9/10/74
9/11/74
9/13/74
3100
2400
1800
1000
190
387
157
69
67
335
412
355
347
303
1
3860
4990
3070 1
1890
1390
605
193
232
167
135
143
292
143
425
1 Nemadji River total stream drainage area - 475 square miles. To determine stream flows
and loading to Lake Superior multiply by a factor of 1.13. The Wisconsin drainage area
is 215 square miles or 0.45 of the total, with the remainder being in Minnesota. The
gaging station is near South Superior.
2 Bois Brule River total stream drainage area « 190.2 square miles. To determine stream
flows and loading to Lake Superior multiply by a factor of 1.59. The flow gaging station
is near Brule.
Bad River total stream drainage area » 1,092 square miles.
and loading to Lake Superior multiply by a factor of 1.79.
near Odanah.
To determine stream flows
The flow gaging station is
4 Montreal River total stream drainage area » 277.3 square miles. To determine stream
flows and loadings to Lake Superior multiply by a factor of 1.05. The Wisconsin drainage
area is 180 square miles or 0.65 of the total - the remainder is in Michigan. Flows
listed are at the Superior Falls hydropower plant.
-------
57.
Date Nemadj i Bois Brule Bad Montreal
»/16/74
>/17/74
>/18/74
1/03/74
J/04/74
1/17/74
729/74
713/74
721/74
703/74
/30/75
/12/75
/24/7S
/03/75
/14/75
/17/75
/21/75
/24/7S
/07/75
/08/75
712/75
/13/75
57*
246*
78
210*
3600*
3500*
4700*
825*
110*
137
129*
138*
163*
140
155
269
432
478
299
190
334
287
216*
390*
260
230
2000
3520
3660
6330
907
252
206*
192*
196
223
970
654
2382
200
197
ata is provisional
-------
58.
TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)
1. REPORT NO.
EPA 905A-75~003
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
2.
Wisconsin Tributary Loadings to the Upper Great Lakes
7. AUTHOR(S)
D. Ryan, M. Stokstad
9. PERFORMING ORG'\mZATION NAME Al
Wisconsin Department of N*
Division of Environmental
Box 1*50
Madison. Wisconsin 53701
MD ADDRESS
itural Resources
Standards
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
Surveillance Branch/Great Lakes Initiative
1819 W. Pershing Road
Chicago, Illinois 60609
3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION-NO.
5. REPORT DATE
November 1975
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
68-01-1875
13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
Final Report
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
EPA Project Officer: R. J. Bowden
16. ABSTRACT
Intensity of water quality sampling on four major Wisconsin tributaries was
increased to provide data for the International Joint Commission, Upper Lakes
Reference Group project entitled "Land Source Inputs to Upper Great Lakes From
the U.S." Involved were (l) analysis of water samples from fixed stations on a
monthly basis, (2) increased sampling during spring runoff and sampling for an
expanded list of parameters three times during the year, and (3) an intensive survey
run twice on each river during the summer of 197^. With the exception of localized
problems, the data indicates that Lake Superior water off Wisconsin tributaries is
of excellent quality and supports diverse and abundant populations of aquatic
organisms.
17.
KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
DESCRIPTORS
b.lDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS
c. COS AT I Field/Group
Lake Superior
Bad River
Montreal River
Brule River
Nemadji River
Chemical Parameters
Biological Parameters
08H13B
13. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
19. SECURITY CLASS (ThisReport)
20. SECURITY CLASS (Thispage)
22. PRICE
EPA Form 2220-1 (9-73)
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INSTRUCTIONS
1. REPORT NUMBER
Insert the EPA report number as it appears on the cover of the publication.
2. LEAVE BLANK
3. RECIPIENTS ACCESSION NUMBER
Reserved for use by each report recipient.
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
Title should indicate clearly and briefly the subject coverage of the report, and be displayed prominently. Set subtitle, if used, in smaller
type or otherwise subordinate it to main title. When a report is prepared in more than one volume, repeat the primary title, add volume
number and include subtitle for the specific title.
5. REPORT DATE
Each report shall carry a date indicating at least month and year. Indicate the basis on which it was selected (e.g., date of issue, date of
approve!, date of preparation, etc.).
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
Leave blank.
7. AUTHOR(S)
Give name(s) in conventional order (John R. Doe, J. Robert Doe, etc.). List author's affiliation if it differs from the performing organi-
zation.
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER
Insert if performing organization wishes to assign this number.
9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
Give name, street, city, state, and ZIP code. List no more than two levels of an organizational hirearchy.
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER
Use the program element number under which the report was prepared. Subordinate numbers may be included in parentheses.
11. CONTRACT/GRANT NUMBER
Insert contract or grant number under which report was prepared.
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
Include ZIP code.
13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
Indicate interim final, etc., and if applicable, dates covered.
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
Leave blank.
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
Enter information not included elsewhere but useful, such as: Prepared in cooperation with, Translation of, Presented at conference of,
To be published in, Supersedes, Supplements, etc.
16. ABSTRACT
Include a brief (200 words or less) factual summary of the most significant information contained in the report. If the report contains a
significant bibliography or literature survey, mention it here.
17. KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
(a) DESCRIPTORS - Select from the Thesaurus of Engineering and Scientific Terms the proper authorized terms that identify the major
concept of the research and are sufficiently specific and precise to be used as index entries for cataloging.
(b) IDENTIFIERS AND OPEN-ENDED TERMS - Use identifiers for project names, code names, equipment designators, etc. Use open-
ended terms written in descriptor form for those subjects for which no descriptor exists.
(c) COSATI FIELD GROUP - Field and group assignments are to be taken from the 1965 COSATI Subject Category List. Since the ma-
jority of documents are multidisciplinary in nature, the Primary Field/Group assignment(s) will be specific discipline, area of human
endeavor, or type of physical object. The application(s) will be cross-referenced with secondary Field/Group assignments that will follow
the primary posting(s).
18. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
Denote releasability to the public or limitation for reasons other than security for example "Release Unlimited." Cite any availability to
the public, with address and price.
19. &20. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
DO NOT submit classified reports to the National Technical Information service.
21. NUMBER OF PAGES
Insert the total number of pages, including this one and unnumbered pages, but exclude distribution list, if any.
22. PRICE
Insert the price set by the National Technical Information Service or the Government Printing Office, if known.
EPA Form 2220-1 (9-73) (Reverse)
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