EPA/540/2-89/040
SUPERFUND TREATABILITY
CLEARINGHOUSE
Document Reference:
Lopat Enterprises, Inc. "Representative Selection of Laboratory Experiments and
Reports of Full-Scale Commercial Use Which Demonstrate the Effectiveness of K-20
Lead-in Soil Control System in Physical/ Chemical Solidification, Fixation,
Encapsulation & Stabilization of Certain Soil, Ash, Debris and Similar Wastes."
Technical data report. Approximately 60 pp. Assembled for CDM. August 1987.
EPA LIBRARY NUMBER:
Super-fund Ttestability Clearinghouse - FCAK
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Region 5, Library (PL-l0."
77 West Jackson f":-;1. •
Chicago, IL 6000 ' .
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SUPERFUND TREATABILITY CLEARINGHOUSE ABSTRACT
Treatment Process:
Media:
Document Reference:
Document Type:
Contact:
Site Name:
Location of Test:
Immobilization - Stabilization
Soil/Generic
Lopat Enterprises, Inc. "Representative Selection
of Laboratory Experiments and Reports of Full-Scale
Commercial Use Which Demonstrate the Effectiveness
of K-20 Lead-in Soil Control System in Physical/
Chemical Solidification, Fixation, Encapsulation &
Stabilization of Certain Soil, Ash, Debris and
Similar Wastes." Technical data report. Approxi-
mately 60 pp. Assembled for COM. August 1987.
Contractor/Vendor Treatability Study
Lou Parent
Lopat Enterprises, Inc.
1750 Bloomsbury Avenue
Wanamassa, NJ 07712
201-922-6600
Confidential
Lopat Enterprises, Inc., Wanamassa, NJ
BACKGROUND; The report consists of brief summaries of seven bench-scale
tests conducted by Lopat Enterprises for their clients. Lopat Enterprises
report that their technique will stabilize solids contaminated with
inorganic volatile and non-volatile metals (Cd, Zn, Hg, Pb, Cr, Ni, Cu),
non-metallic toxic elements (As), and certain organics (PCBs).
OPERATIONAL INFORMATION; Lopat Enterprises uses a proprietary technology
called K-20 Lead-in-Soil Control System (K-20/LSC) for the physical/
chemical fixation, solidification, encapsulation, and stabilization of
contaminated soil and soil-like matrices. In the K-20/LSC system, two
liquid components are blended and diluted prior to application to dry
waste. Dry fixative materials are then added to the wetted waste material,
and the dry waste are mixed with the K20/LSC system components and allowed
to cure for a day or more. The formulation of these components is site
specific and proprietary. The volume of wastes treated varied with each
project and was not reported.
PERFORMANCE: Lopat Enterprises reports that the K-20/LSC system is capable
of reducing leachate concentrations by 90%. The document presents EP
Toxicity test results before and after fixation of electric arc furnace
dust, auto shredder residue, paint manufacturing sludge, blasting sand,
incinerator bottom ash, blast furnace slag, and oil-soaked soil. Data are
presented for Pb, Cd, Zn, As, Ba, and Cr. Initial concentrations of lead
ranged from 9.8 ppm to 6200 ppm, although they are generally between 10 and
500 ppm. Table 1 summarizes the initial concentrations and the percent
3/89-12 Document Number: FCAK
NOTE: Quality assurance of data «ay not be appropriate for all uses.
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reductions in metal concentrations in the leachate. The percent reductions
were highest for lead and lowest for chromium and barium. Costs reported
were in the range of $15 to $20 per ton. QA/QC was not reported.
CONTAMINANTS;
Analytical data is provided in the treatability study report. The
breakdown of the contaminants by treatability group is:
Treatability Group CAS Number Contaminants
WlO-Nonvolatile Metals 7440-47-3 Chromium
Wll-Volatile Metals 7439-92-1 Lead
Note: This is a partial listing of data. Refer to the document for more
information.
3/89-12 Document Number: FCAK
NOTE: Quality assurance of data may not be appropriate for all uses.
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TABLE 1
SUMMARY OF PERFORMANCE DATA
The following data is provided by Lopat Enterprises for their K20/LSC stabilization treatment. The upper
number is the concentration in the leachate prior to treatment, as determined by the EP Toxicity test.
(Concentrations in the auto shredder residue were measured by the California Administrative Manual Waste
Extraction Test.) The lower number is the percent reduction in leachate concentration following treatment.
Waste Pb Cd Zn As Ba Cr
Electric arc furnace dust 580 ppm 0.023 ppm
97-99% >80%
Auto shredder residue 150-250 ppm 2-6.7 ppm 900-1600
>80% >65->85% >85%
Incinerator bottom ash 70.5 ppm 0.048 ppm 0.17 ppm 35 ppm 0.06 ppm
>99% 67%->90% 59->94% >l-95% 83%
Blasting sand 6200 ppm
99%
Paint manufacturing sludge 9.8 ppm 1 ppm
63->95% 7-44%
Blast furnace slag 500 ppm
99%
Oil soaked soil 16.3 ppm
99%
12/88-12 Document Number: FCAK
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The product has been used effectively on more than 60 different
wastes. Lopat has achieved compliance with USEPA specifications
for reductions and control of contaminated leachates in
accordance with RCRA standards as applied to waste piles of
soil, ash and other industrial wastes such as sludges, slags,
ash, sediment and dusts.
It has been repeatedly determined that the K-20/LSC treatment
system produces relatively low volume and weight increases.
After demonstrating effectiveness on a site-specific- basis in
the laboratory, Lopat continues its consultation with clients to
optimize the formulations for scale-up application.
The following seven examples have been selected as typical of
the experiences to illustrate the effectiveness of the K-20/LSC
technology. As logged in the Lopat database, the attached
submissions are:
Project * Description
86-37 Electric Arc Furnace Dust
85-03 Auto Shredder Residue
86-13
86-18
87-30 Paint Manufacturing Sludge
87-24 Blasting Sand
86-08 Incinerator Bottom Ash
86-63 Blast Furnace Slag
86-40 Oil-Soaked Soil
Lopat strictly sainfains fhp ronfidpntiahfy of its
clients.
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Lo f^
A
REPRESENTATIVE SELECTION OF
LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS
AND REPORTS OF FULL—SCALE COMMERCIAL USE
WHICH DEMONSTRATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF
K — 2O LEAD— IN SOIL CONTROL SYSTEM
IN PHYSICAL / CHEMICAL
SOLIDIFICATION, FIXATION, ENCAPSULATION
** STABILIZATION
OF CERTAIN CONTAMINATED
SOIL, ASH, DEBRIS AND SIMILAR WASTES
SUBMITTED BY
LOPAT ENTERPRISES, INC.
1750 BLOOMSBURY AVENUE
WANAMASSA, NEW JERSEY O V T 1 1^
201 — 922--66OO
R/20/87
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With regard to the collection of data by COM for the development
of Best Demonstrated Available Technologies (BOAT) standards for
contaminated soil and debris under the RCRA Land Disposal
Restrictions (LDR), see all the attached submissions.
The data submitted in reference hereto is based on the use of
proprietary technology available from Lopat Enterprises, Inc. of
Wanamassa, New Jersey and/or its agents.
The technology is in use as the product;
K-20 Lead-in-Soil Control System (K-20/LSC)
for the physical / chemical fixation, solidification,
encapsulation and stabilization of contaminated soil and
soil-like matrices.
Lopat Enterprises and its clients have performed more than three
hundred experiments in laboratory, field pilot studies and
full-scale commercial applications with the K-20 Lead-in-Soil
Control System. The system has demonstrated more than 90%
effectiveness in treating wastes and waste streams containing
inorganic volatile and non-volatile metals (Cd, Zn, Hg, Pb, Cr,
Ni, Cu), non-metalic toxic elements (As), and certain organics
(PCBs).
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The data in each example submitted are organized in accordance
with the BOAT Data Collection Checklist provided by CDM/USEPA
and noted below.
I. GENERAL
A. Lopat Log Number of Project
B. Client Matrix Description
C. Contaminant Descriptions and Concentrations
II. MATERIALS HANDLING
A. Transport and Feed Requirements
1. Process/Equipment description
2. Availability of equipment
3. Degree of demonstration accomplished
4. Fugitive emissions control
5. Evaluation of performance
6. Problems/Limitations
7. Cost
8. Other
III. PHYSICAL PREPROCESSING
A. Oversize Material Preparation Requirements
1. Process/Equipment description
2. Availability of equipment
3. Degree of demonstration accomplished
4. Fugitive emissions control
5. Evaluation of performance
6. Problems/Limitations
7. Cost
8. Other
IV. CHEMICAL PREPROCESSING
A. Oversize Material Preparation Requirements
1. Process/Equipment description
2. Availability of equipment
3. Degree of demonstration accomplished
4. Fugitive emissions control
5. Evaluation of performance
6. Problems/Limitations
7. Cost
8. Other
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Recommended Checklist cont'd
V. TREATMENT
A. Category And Technology
B. Criteria And Rationale For Selection
C. Process Limitations
D. Rate Of Treatment Process & Length Of Treatment Time
E. Design And Operating Conditions Of System
F. Variability Of Operating Parameters
G. Compare Design To Operating
H. Evaluation Of Equipment
I. Influent & Effluent Concentrations
J. Types, Quantities Of By-products
K. Flow Diagram Of Total Treatment System
L. Physical And Chemical Description Of Processed Residual
M. Scale Of Demonstration; Bench, Pilot, Full-scale
N. Scale-up Limitations
0. Actual/Estimated Capital & Operating Costs
P. Regulatory Test Protocol Results
Q. Permit Requirements
R. Post-Treatment Controls For Process Effluents
S. Monitoring & Data Collection Requirements
T. Other
VI. OPERATIONAL PROBLEMS AND LIMITATIONS
A. Corrosion of Equipment
B. Removal Of Debris
C. Sorting, Sizing, Homogenization Of Waste
D. Caking & Solidification Of Feed
E. Maintenance Of Coastant Treatment Equipment Feed
F. Incompatibility Of Waste Characteristics
G. Control Of Emissions, Effluents & Residuals
H. Other
VII. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVEMENTS OF PERFORMANCE
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CONTACTS:
LOPAT ENTERPRISES, INC.
1750 BLOOMSBURY AVENUE
WANAMASSA, NEW JERSEY 07712
201-922-6600
LOUIS FLAX
VICE CHAIRMAN,
GOVERNMENT AGENCY LIAISON
JIM TYRRELL
VICE PRESIDENT
DIRECTOR OF MARKETING
HERB BELISLE
NATIONAL SALES MANAGER
CHARLES FALK, PH D
VICE PRESIDENT
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
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Project Log # 86-37
Electric Arc Furnace Dust
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GENERAL
A. Log Nuiber of Project
B. Hatrix Description
ET J pr t r i r ar c- f u t nace dus t ( K()t.. J )
C. Contannant Descriptions and Concentrations
580 ing/1 .lead
(Obtained from the EP Toxicity Test)
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FT. MAT"ERIA!..n HANDLING
A. Transport and Feed Requireients
The K-20/LSU system t equir es -.
+ thcit two Jiquid component--, mu- L bo b i t ^ndi ••') .ind
dilut.od prior L(.) ..tppiii ._tt ion to dry wa-.U-
!• th'-tf dry fixntive iiMlor i.il-r. bo
< on t i nuot.1-.-. i'f Ion I i h pf i u »-•-.- i rm , . IMI r vqi.i i M ••;( to
blomj the mulPf iui-s ..it two -1..-tqi". in Iho I MJpr ,-ty -. wi li .ippjy (he ch i 1.11 oij
two-pur t K-20/L.oC I or mi.ii<.i. Wulor ••-uppJy i-.
required for diJntion or to in< r H,:i;-.e wet I inq
action. Hoppers niuy be required for dry r uw
mctter lals hi.-indl inq. A --.pr .:iy < h.-unber m-iy be u^.ed
to wet the EAF du-.-t wilh ,.t dilnle K--20/l.sr; ,md .i
pug mill dicty t>e u-^ed for m t > inq (lit1 wot t od du-.->t
w.i th the L ement i t i ou--, f i x..i I ivo ..
2. Availability of equiptent
L'qujpment is in wide use ctnd re.=i
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i . i HY:,TI:.M f Ttt T'Uuc.f: ;:.;
A. Oversize Material Preparation Requireaents
B. Dewatenng Require«ents
Mi >rif > Reqi.u t \ ":l
IV. CHEMIUAI
A. CheiicaJ Preprocessing to Alter Characteristics
and Ensure Coipatibihty with Treatient Influent
Requireients
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V TRL'ATMr.Nl
A. Category and Technology
Oht-in.i (. a i Mxa! ion, t:-ri< apvulat ion, .<>! icli f i <. Mam rii Ji'iffiol a I J t >
loxi_[ L'lfniHn t • > and organ i< i.ompound- . 1 he
( t eat men t t equ i r PS :
K- /'O l.eud- Iiv-Soi i (Jon I t ol (l< -2U/LSC)
A -a t e~spe< .i fit f ormi.il.rit i on u--.ed in I he conlMd
and remediation of h.a/-.i)Jid- or
'>fMii i-si j 1 id pp. 1 1 di 'vt • 1 1 ip1-- fin 'd i I 1 1 . 1 1 i 01 r- ii| ,-m
(%- >• .on I i ..i 1 pM'pr 1 11 1 *n forrnod I'n.indr od--.. of --t>l i <;l i f i< ,tl n in .irn:l
fixution L r <:M L men I \% i>n <"t v..-tf ir>l"y •. ' I i-j-r-fo-, in
I ,-ibor 1 1 L i.u y ..ii'K.1 f _i »-• 1 d -" i <:i I <-• pr 0,101 f- pf ri.Jni iri'-i
i '>:c e 1 1 < TI I f (-"..i.il I '> . lI'icM- i -. (dot.-i imi •!:!.( "'I
to - uppiOf ' I i'n-' erf n ,-n y of thr- K ;(U I v'.id
'•-.y --1-p m t or hnu io'jy . Lop.:i1 ' •:. K k'M/'l ;''r I'y'.
< ipp 1 1 c <=tb ' e lo M'iii<-'di c'-it i riQ h.ri/«.if 'Jon- .^.i-.-l
<:tt pd :
fMjm <-t m;.-tnu f <.K: t uf inq PM.». e •.-•-.
* L'.f f i.ind •_. i 1 1 • .
i I l<-i.-:.
^ H.i/ in (. on I f o 1 I ) nq the I ox i i
met .-*] '-•• mand<:ito<:l und(->f f ,
B..1, Cd, Or , ot(. I. op.it h.r- h.tf I fior iji-Mnon U.iLi":!
t.h<.-it it's pf odi.u t. i •-. .-i i ornpJ prnt-n t lo I ho
i t'K.. inot .it ion of --olid w.^.to; K-J.-'O/I '•(• boiri':: u-.i-d
' t (") t^^-Nht inr inor.iltu ..i^-.h M?-- .1 c on L .
C. Process limitations
Norie Ex PMC fed
D. Rate of Treatient Process & Length of Treatient
Tiie
To be
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£. Design and Operating Conditions of System
Iho t wo" ':> L HP I t I-.M t ifion t pt OL »• - t oqi i i t i •' 11'1.11 1110
K-20/1.SO '-y-ton) bo ..tdded U> tl'M' I'AI di.r 1 .tnd
thot oughly biendod to t/ftot I LI.M I o K ;-'ti/l !•(. • onl.u I
with all p.jt 11 ( I <••"-... A ( <-'fikjn L i I iou>, I ix.i1 ivo t-
thon added lo t tta<-itf- <-m i not q<-m 11 m.ilt iv i.jhti h
fi.it ll-iot inhibit the j o,t. h.ibiii I y •. >f to--j(
met a I•:-..
F. Variability of Operating Para«eters
The vat i-ibility ol v.tt iotii. p.it I I'M 't
\. iin i 1. it It 0.1 L mi.'i'i I - l'iavi • u'id i! . i! i 'd I I't.i I I t i •. 11 UK M i t
of It-, I i ye no'-_..•-, would t-f.- o--'.onl i.tl I •,•• i ndopi M r ii M i I M|
inodot ..t Ie vt •-.
6. Coipare Design to Operating
Not Appl it. at- l.o
H. Evaluation of Equipnent •
Mi) i APP J i L . ib I o
I. Influent & Effluent Concentrations
The ttualinonl i>. ox 1.1 emo ly oH^i t 'v>.' ,'r-
i I I i,r-. 11 ( i OKI 11 iq .tblo:
TP Tux Te-,-,1. EP I'ox To-.;.'t
Re--.nit.--. RefotP Rp-:-.u.l t •-. At Let
K -20/1. SO K -20/L.yi • Pot < on 1
I ix•::0% rd
It? SClCt rn>3/J I'b 3.0 niq/1 F'b '-"^.'M':, Pb
Cd <0.0('i.'3 niq/1 rd '>!!()",; c,:l
5£:0 niq/1 Pb 1 . «••. mq/i P
0.023 inci/ J Cd O.7O mq/ 1 C'.1
5.'::0 mq/1 Pb <0.2 lli<
0.023 mq/ J Pd U.O.S m<
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(.i>-[ ci! K. iw
Ul.tvte Weigh I" Wi.i •->!<• V'< ij i.nm • M.i!er i;\ [• [a
I n<_ f ease Due Inc. n-.r- e !)ue ln-i.il .] luu
I'o Tf eu I men t to. J r e.t I men I •, > I" W< r . I i ' I
IH f-,4% ?:_:% $.',4
#4 1..5;-'% inn'K $
iCu-.-.L exc lude1^ shipping, ldi.tr 1 •-- ot iiLl'i<-f H f I 1 i.ir-ri t • iith*u
Ih.in thie >.. Ldbili zed du*_. t .
K. Flow Diagraa of Total Treatnent Systei
I he •- (. i-t I (?d-up t f eci Linen t ^y . I i nti niiiy t>( • i- i.-pf i-ii.-(;>n I <-.-d
t>y the .-i I IUL hed di ctqn-tni.
L. Physical and Cheiical Descrintion of Processed
Residual
Sr-M 3. The i.in L \ TM led LAF' <^i.c- 1" i-jri-.- it vc-c y fine
di.r-.L- NO..U ly .-ill uf t"h(> du^t w.r-. in hhe Sd me-'-h
to J OH me-'h ninye. A1 .1 four L n->.-t I mi--ri t •'. r p«'.ul t f;l
in the formation of i.tr<^er p,:u 1 irje-.,, i-jhi-n-j 1U !<•
!•'(.)% of the P<-a t a c les wen- in 1 hi.- 1 (J mi •- .h of J..-u >.v^
P
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eyre*raises
LoC.Jsf-9f.-37
K20/LSC TREATMENT BY BATCH OR CONTINUOUS STREAM PROCESSING
K-20/LSC may be addtd to the bulk waste material a* specified by the
LOPAT laboratory and blended when temperatur•s of the materials
t6 be treated tnd the ambient temperature in tKt treatment area
are between 45 degrees and 120 degrees) Fahrenheit
" ^1 I
AZARDOUS WASTE MATERIAL
INCINERATOR ASH*SAND*
FURNACE SLAG*SOIL*
PLATING HASTE*
SALVAGE RESIDUE*
K20 LEAD-IN-SOIL CONTROL
After the waste material has been
thoroughly wetted the recommended
cementitlous fixative or comblnatlo
of flxativee i« added, the total
macs Is then given a
thorough b I end I rtg
I n
(MATERIALS CONTAINING
TOXIC HEAVY METALS)
V
PART
A •
PART
B
COMBINE
AND EXTEND
RECOMMENDED FIXATIVE
OR
FIXATIVE COMBINATION
Wast* material IB to be wetted
thoroughly with th« K20/LSC compound.
(diluted In accordance with th*
LOPAT lab specification) and blended
YOUR ONSITE MIXING FACILITY
The waste material may be processed In batches
of any amount or in a continuous stream.
Prepare and treat wast* In volumes
suitable for the equipment being ueed.
Remove form blender to pad or backfill for curing. Lopat
recommende curing under ambient conditions, undisturbed f°r
appro*. 72 hra. After curing the treated material
may be tested by EP Toxicity for handling as non-harardou«•
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LI. Actuai/Estiaated Capital & Operating Costs
Mot Known
P. Regulatory Test Protocol Results
Q. Pei nt Requiresents
!ho i 1 it Tit l '- M"-p»rr il:>!(' IMC iibl
ri( >< <" .• ,n .
T. Other
Morn1
VI. OPERATIONAL PKOBLLMS AND LI Mil ATJONS
None Known R.r-.ed on l.Nr; TOR 1MPRUVEMLMI ::! "I fTRf ORMANCI
None-'
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Project Log tt 85-03
86-13
86-18
Auto Shredder Residue
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I..I NHxAL
A. Log Nunt'er of Project
! :S -I i.i
, if, i.-:
iif, li i
B. Matrix Description
AI.I ! i) :-_;hr nddur Kc- . i di.it;'
C. Contamnant Descriptions and Concentrations
l(H) ?:>0 ing/1 Pb
'•"MO It.on mg/J Zn
2.0 - ;:>.7 rng/i 0.0 - o.7 mg/1 Hf
(All resuJt'- qener att^d by I he (J<.i I i ( <>M'I i.a "HAM WHT "
I- ri'ic "CAM WL:I1 " li".;l is thn Cdl i fuM'ii.i Admi ni.'-> t ra I i vc Munu.j J W d<~'t cr rn i ric nil'u • I I n >r ' >t not
, . •;,!. •! i i 1 f 'd( hci.1 i M Mil I I'n • •-.!< i I i • ('Xi i 'cd MM' " ! . I I I " ' .1 i I i.ii. • I i •
', \, i ' • I n j I '.I I i in i I i )i Ji 11 i TI t ^ a 1 i i M i ;
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II. MATERIALS HANDLING
A. Transport and Feed Requirements
The K-2H/1 SO system requ i res .-
* that two .liquid < < >m|:« >n<.>n t • inu--. t be blended , in<.l
diluted prior to appiitalion lo dry was lo
I- that dry fixative rn<-i t er j ,-t 1 >•, ho added lo wo t I" <.-d
wus L e materi <:i J .
+ that tf^rtted waste be ciJ lowod Ic i. uf H lor
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III. PHYSICAL PREPROCESSING
A. Oversize Material Preparation Requirements •
1. Process/Equipient description
A -~i. t een I o *-_.epar <:t1"e (>ver \» i /ed i o- -1 duo
from under s ized residue (<'.:./4") w..-r: ru-'
2. Availability of equipient
An eight by twenty font screen (si-Ufluv- oqi-iipmi'ii l~
ftom a (. ual miriing up(,n F>.li cation.
3. Degree of deionstration accomplished
The scr'een has been in operation for <:ippr oximci LeJ y
a year and to our knowledge, has performed well.
4. Fugitive eiissions control
Not Applicable
5. Evaluation of perforiance
Not Known
6. Probleis/Liiitations
None Known
7. Cost
Not Known
8. Other
Only the undersized (<3/4 .inch) rod^jdun qon^r a tes
hct/ar dous (. orn-r>ntr a L ions of Pb, S.rt, (J'J .irnj C'-t on
the "CAM WET" lest arid, thu^., reciujres 1 r eal nif-Tit .
The oversized residue does no I require tr o<.i tnien |-.
B. Dewatering Requiretents
None
IV. CHEMICAL PREPROCESSING
A. Chemical Preprocessing to Alter Characteristics
and Ensure Compatibility with Treatment Influent
Requirements
Klon e (No t. Requ i r ed )
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V. TREATMENT
A. Category and Technology
Chemical fixation, encapsulation, -_-oJ i cli f icat ion
and s tabi I i zat i on of inor g- pr odui in<.)
excellent. results. There j-: -'o< union t ed e^/idemo
to suppor t the efficacy o' th" K -2U I ead In -Soil
system technology. I opu t '<:- k-20/l.sr: system i'.
applicable to r emedj at ing ha/.ir dou\. waste- MM I
a r- e y e n e r a t e d as:
+ Hazardous residue (solid or sludge) .iri^jng
f r • o rn a man u f a c t u r i n g p r o <: e s • -..
•*• Existing hia^ardous soil, e.g. soil or s Judge
at a Super'fund site.
+• Hazardous residue , e.g.
Pb, Ba, Cd, Cr , etc. Lopat has fur thor
demonstrated thiat it's product is a complement to
the incineration of solid waste; K--20/LSC being
used to treat incinerator asfi residue containing
toxic metals and PCBs.
C. Process liiitations
Although the composition of the waste stream
varies dramatically with varying proportions of
glass, plastic, metal, seat cushions, etc., all ol
the treatment-^ and results hia--e been effective.
D. Rate of Treatient Process I Length of Treatient
Tiie
Up to 200 tons of residue per day can be 1reated.
As seen av.- the Waste i:-.- treated willi K 20/LSC, the
rixnljve r.-ii'i be -:idded. The treated re' idue >--hould
cure/ for at least 24 hours before disposal.
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E. Design and Operating Conditions of Systei
The two step treatment prixe-.s requires I ha I I he
diluted K-20/LSC sy tern be aodf-d In the re--, Ldue
and thoroughly blended le'effec lu.ile k ;-'()/1 :>n
i-uritact with all par li< 1 es. A < ement i t j eus
fixative is then added to i.re
reported observable effect on treatment
performance (i.e. the treatments have been iun%
effective).
6. Coipare Design to Operating
In over a year uf operation, no batch of treated
residue has required re-treat ment or been
rejected. All treated residue has met the "CAM
WET" t es t r equi r emen ts.
H. Evaluation of Equipient
Not Applicable
I. Influent I Effluent Concentrations
Effectiveness of the treatments- are summarized
below. Detailed analyses of the treated samples
are given in Table T (attached):
"CAM WET" Test "CAM WET" Test
Kz£OZLLiQ_ti^3Ltive i<.r.2£iZL.§iC...F.OJLt i_v.<-> "».._ Bt.'d'A1" IUJI'L i n
Tr eatmen 1 Treatment Leach.iblt-1 MelaJ
150 - 250 mg/1 Pb <50 mg/1 F'b .>:.:(.)%
900 - 1600 mg/1 Zn <25O mg/1 Zn >05%
2.0 - 2.7 mg/1 Cd <1 mg/1 Cd >t.S%
5.0 - 6'. 7 mg/1 Cr <5 mg/1 Cr >!:":5%
f"* * f' - i~
Waste Weight Waste Volume Ma t_e_r i a 1 s t o
Increase Due Increase Due I.r....eat l_TQn._
tO Trea t merit to Tr-eatment cif__Wa_s.te
15% 0% $20
Cost excludes shipping, labor, capital investments, utilities,
-------
Sample
4O01
4002
40O5
4011
4012
40.13
4014
4020
4021
4022
4023
STLC
Limi t
(mg/1)
Pb
2.3
5.4
4.2
2.4
0.31
1.7
31.0
1.8
4.7
1.7
9 . 8
50.0*
ieaj.ed wi t.l
Cd
0 . 20
0 . 1 7
0 - 3t,
0 . 06
. 002
.02
0.13
0.075
0.12
. Ot.
( t . .] '^
1 . 0
"CAM WL T.". .Ttii;:_t_..Rrj;;.u J (•>-. (ir\_ mg/ I ,) ui An i o Si ir »>d<;|i .
?n cu Ni
23 D.4J 1.2 U. "•'«.
71. 3...- i. 4 2. f.
43 1.1 J.I u.i;
2.'.-» '"J. 0 . :£:c' 1. 0
0.50 0.25 <(>., C.G1-1
1.0 41 <.06 <.0:.<
43 1.7 0.73 1.4
1.47 '"v.8 0.75 2. 1
10.4 1.7 0.4:5 I./
3.4 L::.4 O.fc.3 2.3
110 l.o 0.58 2.."
250.0 25.0 20.0 5.0
^A variance was Qfanted by the Department of Healt Ir. Ser v i (. e-- ,
r:,;i 11 I or nia, whi
the untreated residue, which contains "fluff" (from
seat cushions), glass, plastic, metal, etc. (all below
3/4 inch screen size). Because the waste primarily
contains "fluff", there is no volume increase upon
addition of the K-20™/LSC, water', and c emeriti t ious
fixative.
K. Scale of Deionstration; Bench, Pilot, Full-Scale
Full Scale ongoing production at plant site after
initial laboratory work
N. Scale-up Liiitations
None Known
0. Actual/Estiiated Capital & Operating Costs
Client r epor t*_> monthly operating coM Caving--, in
ext. e-s of $20,000 as <_-i result- of t MM led malcr iai
being ruled non-hazardous for disposal.
-------
P. Regulatory Test Protocol Results
See "I"
0. Periit Requireients
The Depar (merit of Health Service'-., G..-iJ. i f urn j a ,
determined that the treated auto -.hredder residue
has "mi t inciting physical and/or Chemical
characteristics, which fender it irr.-i gn i f"i c an t s<.1 mp 1 e u f
tl'ie treated waste ever'y t. minuter. Lvr_>r y sixteen
hours, the composite sample of approximately lob'
Ib (containing 160 samples) is mixed, and an «
aliquot taken for the "CAM WE.1 " !"<;•_.I.
T. Other
See attached pctper . "Field Exper ienr H--, with
Silicate-Based Systems for the Treatment of
H a z a r d o u s W a s t e s.
VI. OPERATIONAL PROBLEMS AND LIMITATIONS
None Reported
VII. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVEMENTS OF PERfORMANCE
None
-------
K20/LSC TREATMENT BY BATCH OR CONTINUOUS STREAM PROCESSING
K-20/LSC nay bt added to the bulk waste mattrial as •pacified by the
LOPAT laboratory and blended when temperatures of the materials
to be treated and the ambient temperature In the treatment area
art between 45 degrees and 120 degrees Fahrenheit
AZARDOUS HASTE MATERIAL
INCINERATOR ASHoSANO*
FURNACE SLAG*SOIL*
PLATING HASTE*
SALVAGE RESIDUE*
sc
KEO LEAD-IN-SOIL CONTROL
in
(MATERIALS CONTAINING
TOXIC HEAVY METALS)
After th* wast* material has b«»n
thoroughly watted th* racomintndcd
ctm*ntItlog* fixative or comblnatle
of fixative* 1» added, the total
mat* I* then given a
thorough blending
PARTI
A
PART
B
COMBINE
AND EXTEND
RECOMMENDED FIXATIVE
OR
FIXATIVE COMBINATION
V V
Uaete material le to be wetted
thoroughly with the K20/LSC compound.
(diluted In accordance with the
LOPAT lab specification) and blended
V
o
YOUR ONSITE NIXING FACILITY
B
The waete material may be proceeeed In batches
of any amount or In a contlnuoue «tream.
Prepare and treat waste In volumes
suitable for the equipment being ueed.
Remove form blender to pad or backfill for curing. Lopat
recommends curing under ambient conditions/ undisturbed for
approx. 72 hra. After curing the treated material
may be testsd by EP Toxlclty for handling as non-hazardous.
-------
AOfMCV
OfC*G!
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH SERVICES
sttnr
JACIJUU/MTO, t* f»IU
(9)6) 3211.1 807
February 21, 1986
CONFIDENTIAL
Dear Mr. confidential
Ve have reviewed the an«lys*j or your auto Jhr«dd«r wist* rtporttd on
Crovn «nd CAldwtll1* Utt«rh«od, lo^ Mo. f36.01.1K6, with a 'rtportcd*
ef January 31,
Tht d«tf eont«ln«d in that rtport r«prtj*ntJ tht analytlcil rtaulta
from sampltl taken during a joint effort b«tv«*n tht Department und
.1 confidential on Jftnunry 3, 1le (CAO). Therefore, thu wtute Is eltsslfled as a
nonhazardous wost'e.
In the event that your wnste ohfln^es icr that previously submitted
Information no lonKtfr supports the Deportment's decision and your
waste Is hazardous, you must mnnnxe your wtist* aa hazardous. Tho
mtnaftmtnt-end disposal of your non.luiznrdous waste rwnMns subjeet to
the requirements of other at4te unrt local Jur is>Uitlons that refulate
non-hatardous wost«*.
, 1C you have any questions
office,
this matter, please contact this
Sincerely,
/
Onvid J. Leu, Ph.D., Chief
Alternative Technology and Policy
Development Section
Toxic Substances Control Division
OJLiHKttM]
been/ George Trazak Ph.D.
K7rlT47\le^l "fthy. oopt.
University y«f C.il
Etchovorry Moll
Oofkeley, CA 9^720
-------
Field Experiences with Silicate-Based Systems for the
Treatment of Hazardous Wastes
G. J. Trezek
Department of Mechanical Engineering
University of California
Berkeley, California
J. Wotherspoon
Hugo Neu-Proler Co.
Terminal Island, California
D. J. Leu
California Department of Health Services
Toxic Substance Control Division
Sacramento, California
L. R. Davis
C. D. Falk
Lopat Enterprises, Inc.
Wanamassa, New Jersey
TRACT
lew chemical treatment for hazardous waste applications has
developed and found successful in an actual Held application.
generating teachable lead concentrations in the range of 200
) mg/1 using the California WET procedure (which is far more
cm than U.S. EPA's Extraction Procedure Toxicity test) were
:ted to treatment and subsequently re-tested for lead. Test
s show the teachable lead concentrations in the treated
•ial were reduced to only 2 to 4 mg/l (the California stand-
5 mg/l). In one case, a sample having a concentration of
mg/l was reduced to 10 mg/l lead with only a modest in-
• in treatment. The cost of the treatment is in the range of
i S20 per ton. This chemical treatment is based on the use
roprietary silicate-based system in combination with a cemen-
s fixative, such as lime, which generally does not result in
intial volume increases, as is typical with traditional fixation
tabilization approaches.
ODUCTION
ults obtained under Held conditions of a new silicate-based
lent system for mitigating, teachable heavy metals are
ited. To date, chemical treatment approaches have been, for
osi part, developed in an ad hoc fashion by commercial in-
;. Moreover, the field seems confusing because of the many
mi names given to that class of techniques wherein a relatively
ess chemical(s), usually liquid, is reacted with the hazardous
to render i: harmless enough so that it no longer has to be
(jed as a hazardous waste. For example, some speak of
cal fixation, chemical stabilization, encapsulation or chemical
lent. Although no standard names, definitions or tests to
(he effectiveness of such techniques exist, treated materials
evaluated by the California Waste Extraction Test procedure
) This test differs from the traditional U.S. EPA-Exiraciion
dure toxicity lest in thai treated material is ground so that
pass through a 10 mesh sieve and then is heated 20-40°C
i hr in citric acid instead of acetic acid for 24 hr.
successful development and implementation of (his
>logy involved the collaboration nd integrated efforts of four
groups. These groups included an industry which had a problem
and elected to find a solution through treatment rather than litiga
lion, a university that assisted in the design and evaluation of the
treatment, a state regulatory agency (Department of Health
Services) which encouraged the development of a new treatment
technology and supported the effort through a meaningful appli-
cation of the regulations, and a company (Lopat Enterprises, Inc.)
that was able to develop and produce a custom-blended chemical
system that would prove to be effective in treating widely variable
hazardous wastes.
NATURE OF THE PROBLEM
The 200 ton/day waste stream that required treatment wai
generated in the process of shredding cars. This material, commonly
known as auto shredder residue, is a heterogenerous mixture of
non-ferrous residuals remaining after an automobile has been
shredded and the ferrous material removed. The size distribution
ranges from fine sand-like particles of glass, plastic, metal, etc
to Jarge pieces of seat cushions, dash boards, parts of tires, trim
molding, etc. Parts of electrical components can also be found
throughout the size distribution.
As a result of the shredding process, the residue also has a
30-40% moisture content. In addition, because of a high rate of
bacterial action on its organic matter, interaction of iron fines.
moisture and pressure resulting from depth of burden, large piles
of residue behave similarly to compost piles and are prone to
combustion. Once combustion occurs, the piles have been known
to smolder for long periods of time.
Based on the California WET procedure, the soluble lead content
of this waste stream is on the order of 100 to 300 mg/l. Consc
quently, the initial attention was focused on lead because it ex-
ceeded the California hazardous waste classification threshold of
5 mg/l. The scope was expanded further to include cadmium, zin.
and PCBs. The levels of these constituents are as follows: cad.-nium,
0.8 to 4 mg/l; zinc, up to 2000 mg/l; and PCBs, non-detectable
to 100 mg/l
Since the residue was considered hazardous according to the
California WET procedure, the state and local regulatory agencies
TREATMENT* DISPOSAL 303
-------
required thai it be managed as a hazardous waste, thereby pre-
venting it from going to a normal municipal landfill for disposal.
The unavailability of local hazardous waste options required thai
I be trucked out of state at a considerable cost. It is interesting
o note that the material satisfies the U.S. EPA requirements so
hat it can be considered a nonhazardous waste in states other than
ralifornia.
•REATMENT METHODOLOGY
A successful treatment system had to satisfy the following con-
raints: (I) the treated material had to be rendered nonhazardous
ccording to the California WET procedure, (2) the treatment had
> be economically justifiable, and (3) because of the regulatory
urdcns affiliated with becoming a treater of hazardous waste, the
laicrial had to be rendered non-hazardous in (he process line in
rdcr to avoid evoking the hazardous waste permit regulations.
ficr rejecting several chemical treatment techniques such as the
rcct application of caustic soda and several high pH commercial
iclating agents, a treatment system utilizing silicates was
•velopcd. The motivation for selecting silicates is that the technical
id commercial literature indicate that they are effective in some
•plications and they are relatively harmless and readily available
mmercially.
A commercial silicate blend known as K-20™/Lead-in-Soil
MH.iminant Control System (K-20™/LSC), developed and
inufactured by Lopat Enterprises Inc., of Wanamassa, New
rsey, was selected because of its ability to be custom-blended
needed for a particular application.* Typically, the
20™/LSC System consists of an equal mixture of a silicate
ution of varying viscosity and a "catalyst" which usually con-
ns a dispersing agent. Typically, the K-20™/LSC mixture is
spared just prior to use from the components, i.e., part A con-
ns the silicate blends and part B contains the catalyst. The ratio
parts A and B utilized depends on the mixture of the silicate
d the particular requirements of the field application. In this
plication, a 50/50 ratio of A and B provided the greatest cost-
cctiveness and ease of use in the field.
The treatment is completed by mixing the silicate wetted residue
h a ccmentitious material such as lime, Pozzalime™, portland
nent, kiln dust or fly ash. To satisfy the previously mentioned
atment goals, it was necessary to optimize the custom blend of
10™ with the proper amount of cementitious material so that
effective treatment methodology could be achieved which pro-
es the necessary mitigating characteristics to render the residue
compliance with California standards for nonhazardous wastes.
The treated material must be allowed to cure. Residues which
damp after treatment may require one to two days for drying
I curing. Several mechanisms have been postulated for the
cacy of the technology. In the case of a heavy metal contamina-
i such as lead, it is believed that a lead metasilicate is formed
ich is an insoluble precipitate. The results suggest that the
IO™/LSC silicate system deeply penetrates into the waste
terial and causes tight bonding.
'he development of the treatment system for the 200 ton/day
due stream began with a series of .laboratory studies in which
Ib samples were treated by a process of preconditioning through
:ening followed by applications of various levels and blends of
0™/LSC and lime in order to achieve a desired level of treat-
it and cost-effectiveness. In this case, a custom K-20™/LSC
id was created which optimized the treatment of lead.
asically, the custom K-20™/LSC blend plus lime resulted in
sing the California WET procedure at 5 mg/l at a cost of S25
•30/ton treated. However, independent studies by the Depart-
it of Health Services indicated that treating the predominant
n of lead found in the residue (divalent form of lead oxide)
i level of 50 mg/l would be an acceptable standard for dispo-
jn in a municipal landfill. This decreased the treatment costs
>« Induilnu. Inc U lh« OWIMT of U.S. Pilfm No. 4,47S,»SI inurd Oci 9. 1914 and nullltd
TABULATING SEALANT FOR THE TREATMENT AND PRESERVATION OF
.DING MATERIALS" cktcribed herein, tnd co-mvtnied by Dr. Qurki
ilk tnd Mi Lincoln R Oivii, eiriptoytfi of Lopti
to approximately SlO/ton.
The laboratory proof of the concept determination was follow •
ed by a large-scale pilot plant at the site and the full-scale mstalla
tion of the system. The configuration of the treatment system in-
cluded an 8- by 20-ft screen (surplus equipment from a coal min-
ing operation), a spray chamber for the K-20™/LSC and water
mixture on'the undersize material and a pug mill for mixing.
Controls were developed which allowed equal mixtures of the
K-20™/LSC A and B solutions to be mixed on line with an
appropriate amount of water and sprayed into a hopper receiving
the screened undersized material. The screened oversize material
did not exceed the hazardous waste threshold value for lead and,
thus, did not require treatment. Approximately 50 to 60% of the
weight of the incoming material to the screen was in the fines. The
treated material was placed on a concrete pad to cure and, because
of its non-hazardous character, could be taken to a conventional
landfill for final disposal.
Unfortunately, the treatment without cementitious material docs
not adequately reduce the levels of cadmium and zinc. The design
of the full-scale treatment system, however, included a provision
for lime feeding at the midpoint of the pug mill mixer. The com-
bination of K-20™/LSC with a cementitious fixative broughi all
of the metal leachate values within acceptable levels according 10
the California WET procedure. For example, at a level of treat-
ment of about S20 to S25/lon residue, the metal leachatc value*
from the residues were reduced in (he treated material, respectively,
as follows: lead, 92 to 43 mg/l; cadmium, 3.4 to 0.2 mg/l; and
zinc, 1900 to 240 mg/l.
EXPERIENCES WITH OTHER WASTES
Some preliminary work has been conducted for a national com-
pany having a major battery recycling plant in California. The first
step in the recycling process involves the milling of the batteries;
the milling essentially breaks apart the case and frees the internal
components containing lead. During the milling operation, the
plastic casings become impregnated with lead so that the waste
stream is considered a hazardous waste in California. WET lead
levels of 400 to 700 mg/l have been measured.
Our initial results with K-20™/LSC and lime indicate (hat lead
levels of 40 mg/l can be achieved at a cost of about SlOO/ton. Plans
are underway for field testing of the treatment through a modifi-
cation of existing equipment in the process line.
Various sludges from industrial processing that contain large
quantities of lead, on the order of I to 5%, are being subjected
to the treatment. In one case, a 1 to 2% heterogeneous lead sludge,
treated with custom blended K-20™/LSC and lime, yielded
results of about 140 mg/l by the WET procedure and 0.2 mg/l
by the EP toxicity test. The approximate cost of the treatment was
approximately SlOO/ton. A large-scale field test is being considered
to further refine the process and economics of treating the 1.500,000
gal of sludge.
A K-20™/LSC System is being evaluated for a site containing
40 acres of soil contaminated with lead to a depth of about 10 ft.
This site would be a prime candidate for a mobile on-site treat-
ment system embodying this technology. Preliminary indications
are that the soil can be treated with K-20™/LSC and Poz
zalime™, resulting in essentially a soil-like material which can be
backfilled.
The treatment also has been applied to a sludge containing
barium where the EP toxicity test levels were reduced from 400
mg/l to 36.5 mg/l barium at a cost of about S70/ton of sludge.
Soils containing 2000 mg/kg of arsenic and 1000 mg/kg of
chromium were treated with K-20™/LSC and lime to give a 75°fo
reduction in arsenic and a 90V« reduction in chromium. The respec-
tive WET procedure values were 97 mg/l and 22 mg/l. Preliminary
results on incinerator ash are also encouraging; the treatment
reduced lead levels from 17 mg/l to 0.05 mg/l on the EP toxicity
test at a cost of about S50/ton of ash.
CONCLUSIONS
This field-tested treatment methodology offers several unique
TREATMENT & DISPOSAL
-------
advantages. Briefly, the silicate-based K-20™/LSC mixture can
be custom-blended to achieve certain desired results in terms of
treatment level for a particular waste with concurrent cost effective-
ness. In general, the volume increase of the treated material is small,
and in some cases there is no volume increase. This is particularly
important when the final disposal of residues must be considered.
It is also possible that certain treated materials could be cast into
a form which would allow their reuse as feed stock in another
manufacturing process. For example, consideration is being given
to further treating auto shredder waste residue so that it can be
used as a lightweight aggregate. Treated ash and certain sludges
are being considered as material for concrete and brick making.
Contaminated soils can be backfilled after treatment, thereby
eliminating further disposal.
Preliminary results indicate that the treatment is capable of
dealing with wastes having high concentrations of metal con-
tamincnt*. The application of the technology is relatively straight-
forward to that it could be easily incorporated into a mobile treat-
ment system.
TREATMENT & DISPOSAL 305
-------
Project Log # 86-08
Incinerator Bottom Ash
-------
T. GENERAL
A. Log Nuiber of Project
'&-• Do
8. Matrix Description
Inc j nercituf a-^i (bottom cr-li) c ont.jmi n.-t I t-d with
C. Contalinant Descriptions and Concentrations
70.5 niQ/1 Pt>
0.1? mg/J As
35.0 ing/1 Bd
0.048 mg/1 Cd
O.Ot. mg/1 Or
(Obtained from the EP Toxic ity Te^t )
-------
IJ. MATERIAL.S HANDLING
A. Transport and Feed Requireients
fhe K- 20/1.: >C sy st HID t equ i \ <•»•-, :
I th<-"il 1 wo J iqu.id c omponen t'- mi.r . I bt1 blended .ind
diluted P't ior to oippli t_ a i" ion !u -it y w<:r-le.
^ that dry I ixative mater ip.t t men I
pr CM. e-- s . Spf ay i.-tppcit <:i t.i.ih. wi I I apply I he d i J M I e
twc-p.-if t K -20/1 SO formal .1. Wdtor supply i-
Mi'quiced fof di Jut ion oc to .i n<. r f->.i>- ^' wv-'ll iri'i
ui I inn. Hop|:x.'M-> may be fequiM-.'d I > ^ . :lfy f,tw
iiiiith
I he i. Hin
-------
ii;. PHYSICAL pRiipRorrr/.iNi.,
A. Oversize Material Preparation Requireients
Mi Ji K • Ui >qu J r L":!
B. Dewateiing Require«ents
NoriM Ki-'qu i t ir"d
IV. HMLMJCAL PRI rnuHCr,':.] Ni.,
A. Cheucal Preprocessing to Alter Characteristics
and Ensure Coipatibility with Treatient Influent
Requireients.
Mi inn Rpqi.i j t i-jd
-------
V. TREATMENT
A. Category and Technology
Chemical fixation, enr.-ipy.ul al inn, •-n i idi f it at ion
and •--.tabil i Z'it i on of"" i nor gan i c voj.il ile und
non-volatile toxic metal-,, and certain nun met al J
("oxic elements and organic compounds. The
t r ea t men t t equ i. t es:
K-20 Lead-in-Soil Control (K--20/L3C)
A site-specific formulation used in the control
and remediation of hazardous leachable toxic
metals contained in soil, soil-like sol id--. o>
semi-solid par ticulate matter .
Specifically, Lopat develops rnodif ic a I ion-:, of an
essential proprietary formulation bused on l"he
K-20/LSC System.
B. Criteria and rationale for selection
lopat has per formed hundr ed--. ot -.-.0 I i di t 11 uljon
and fixation treatments on a v.:u ii-'fy u r wu-, wusle--. thai
ar (? generated by:
* Hazardous residue (solid or sludge.)
-------
E. Design and Operating Conditions of Systei
Ihe two-otep treatment process requires that the diluted
K--20/LSC system be added to the ash and thoroughly blended
to effectuate K~20/LSC contact with all particles. A
i. emen I" 11 i ous fixative is then added to create an. inor ganic
matrix whuh further inhabit-, the leachability of toxic- metal:
F. Variability of Operating Paraieters
"Ihn v.ir i-.ibi li I y ol various parameters on the effectiveness
of the treatment h<.ts not been studied for this par ta.rul.ar
appli ( a t i on but other similar treatments; have indicated that
treatment effectiveness would be essentially independent of
moderate v.ir iarions in the operating parameters.
G. Coipare Design to Operating
N< .t APP I i i -j
K-
F- i.
/n
0.
. ,-
1 1 .
1 1 .
7O
0.
35
0.
0.
70
0.
.$5>
U .
(l.
sill 1 . Ri-
2O
x.a
,.r.,
17
.0
04
(X,
.5
17
.0
04
06
.5
17
.0
114
(U,
/!• ;;C;
t~J yo.
mg/ 1
mg/ I
mq/i
u mg/ 1
mg/ J
mg/ 1
mg/ 1
mg/1
8 mg/1
mg/ 1
mg/1
mg/ 1
mg/1
!.! mq/1
mq/ 1
1 f (.1 r e
Pb
As
Ba
Cd
Cr
Pb
As
Ba
Cd
Cr
Pb
As
Ba
Cd
Cr
F ixative Treatment
iJ.Ujilir.'jEll.
Analysis
<0.2 mg/1 Pb
0.07 mg/1 As
2.3 mg/1 Ba
0.0 It. mg/1 Cd
<0.01 mg/1 Cr
0.5 mg/1 Pb
. «!.
o
. ^.
7
mg/1
5 mg/
O mg/
mg/1
Ba
1
C
1
1
Ba
.01 mg/1
.1
o
. 4_
o
0
mg/1
5 mg/
0 mg/
mg/ 1.
.01 mg/
.1
.t_
ejr_
D
mg/1
C
1
1
Ba
1
Pb
As
Cd
r
Pb
As
Cd
r
Pb
As
Cd
Cr
.RQtlucii'-TJ.
Leuc
Met.a
>99.
5''%
':>3%
67%
>*:;%
•-^ . 3
>':>4%
95%
> 90%
> 83%
>OW.
v>4%
71%
>90%
03%
hable
.1
7% Pb
As
Ra
Cd
Cr
% PL)
As
Ba
Cd
Cr
7% Pb
As
Ba
Cd
Cr
of Raw__
i_aj_5._
f Wa--
.to.
te
Treal
.+
HI 4.^
j-n-> •').--".; 7% $'..7
it,; /u/-'., ' 17% $70
o-.t oxc lu«.1i'- -h i p|.'in>:i , l.tl'.or, capital expenditures, utilities, etc
-------
J. Types, Quantities of by-products
There are no by-products ot other of fluents other than the
stabilized bottom ash.
K. FloN Diagrai of Total Treatient Systei
The scaled-up treatment system may be repr esented by the
attached diagram.
L. Physical and Cheiical Description of Processed Residual
The untreated incinerator ash r (-.••-.embl ed soil in < ulur ,
particle size, and consistency. Treat merit ttj produced larger
particles (small granules) wilh a subs t .mt i
-------
r
K20/LSC TREATMENT BY BATCH OR CONTINUOUS STREAM PROCESSING
K-20/LSC mly b« addtd to tK« bulk «*•«• material «• «p«clfi»d by th»
LOPAT laboratory and bl»nd*d when t*np*r atur •» of th* material*
to b» treated and tS* ambient tampvr&tur* In th» trtatmtnt »r»»
art b«tn»»ri 45
AZARDOUS WASTE MATERIAL
INCINERATOR ASH*SAND«
FURNACE SLAC*80IL*
PLATING HASTE*
SALVAGE RESIDUE*
m
(MATERIALS CONTAINING
TOXIC HEAVY METALS)
K30 LEAD-IN-SOIL CONTROL
FART] IPART
A. B
COMBINE
AND EXTEND
Aft«r tK» watt* matarltl hat b«»n
thoroughly n«tt«4 tht r«cow«i»nd«d
c»m»ntItlout flxatlv* or comblnttlo
of flxitlv«a !• addvd. th« total
matt It th«n given a
thorough bltndlng
RECOMMENDED FIXATIVE
OR
FIXATIVE COMBINATION
U&tt* material (• to b« v«tt«
-------
:i:.)Nvwjj'jjM -jj ju r;iN;iwjAoN.JWT yod SNoEivcihGwwnajy M FA
(iNv sw.riyoHd
-------
Project Log # 87-30
Paint Manufacturing Sludge
-------
GF:NLRAI
A. Log Nuiber of Project
::' -.10
B. Matrix Description
r. ludt.H' c on t f\\ n i rig J end
-------
1 I. . MATERIALS HANDLING
A. Transport and Feed Requireients
rt'iH K-2U/I..:.5C •..y-.tem require^:
i thai two .Liquid i_ omponen I < inu- I be b (ended and
diluted pr lor to applii arjnn lu dr y w.r-tc
i 1hi.it dr . I ixative mater iaJi. bo added tu "ii'Med
ui. t-J e in. 11 er iu 1 .
I- Ih.-il i t t '.-i i ed Wei--. IP be .-i J J i 'Ni->d fn ii.ui' I i u .t .is
I It (1)1 U (.' -
1. Process/Equipient description
BJi-'Tidfr nulls or simiJar appat >-.(tu-'-., i.-.i.ul.'ib J >.• fr>r
continuous or bati h processing, arc required h_i
blen<^ the m.itPricils at two stngps in I he I r t-.i tmen
pr ex. e- >•_,. J^F'r.iy appar at us will .ipply I hie dilute
twu-p.-ir L K • 20/l.^C for mulct. Water -.uppLy \-.-.-
required for dilution or tu increase welling
a-, tion. Hoppers may be required 1»r dry raw
ma I er ia 1 s haridling. A spray i hiamber may t>rj usrd
to add the dJiute K-X'O/l. S(- c ompunent v. and a pug
miJl may be used fur mixing Lhe >.-ludgH withi Lhie
s e 1 e c t e d c e merit i t i o u s f i x a t i v e .
2. Availability of equip«ent
fquipment i.s in w.ide U'..e ..ind i- reudi ly .iv,-u table
new and used.
3. Degree of deionstration accoiplished
L a b o r a t o r y e x p e r i m e n t \=>
4. Fugitive eiissions control
Not applicable
5. Evaluation of perforiance
Cxcellent
6. Probleis/Liiitations
None Known
7. Cost
Not Known
S. Other
None
-------
III. I'MY'sTTA! PKT PK'ni \LCC-l Mb
A. Oversize Material Preparation Require«ents
N< ii it • l\t ''-(i.i i f t •>:!
B. Dewatering Requiretents
IV. CHLMICAI.. PRLPROCEIGSJNL,
A. Cheaical Preprocessing to Alter Characteristics
and Ensure Co«patibility with Treatsent Influent
Requireients.
Mont:- Requi c (.><:!
-------
FKLA ! Ml Ml
A. Category and Technology
(.hefiiit. . 11 f j >.. 11 11 ii i , i -i H . ij.• n I .t I 11111 , i > I j d i I i i . i I i i >i i
,tnd •.> tc.iL'> i I L /t i}c in i i vi> 1. 11 i 1<• nil
non~-yola t i .1 e toxit. mol a 1 v>, and i i'f tain
nonme t'a 1 i i < LOXH e Lemon I- . ,nd C)
A si t e-spt-t. i f i<- f nrmuJ (. Lin I ..-i j I'uvd j r i ^-oi.1, ^uj I J J kn '_.(.jJ id- nr
stMiii -so 1. id p of «.in (".^.pnt i nl w< :-ult'-. Thifr e i1--- dot unienti-'d r-vidnrn (•
to -.i.ippor t the efficacy uf the K - 20 Lv-.td- In-l'.ojJ
-.-.ystein ti-M. hnolo<^y . Lop.it's K-20/L'M.- ' >y I <-m i •-
.tppl i i: .ibl e to Mjmudi ;! <_r .:
l Iki/radou' feoidi.ie (^ol_id of - - I udqi • > -\t \'-' i rn:i
fc om ci mHni.if.:i(. tar ii'i':] F>f ot. c'>.-•• -.
f Existing hn/.if duns ^oiJ, i'.g. .nil of -r.li.idgt-
.a 1 a 3 u p e t fund •.-- i t o .
•* Hcizar'dous M"->idue «-irising from tl'n-
incineration of tox it. waste.
:+ Hazardous fly cish
K-2O/LSC i'" nffective in c on I r ol I jng l.h<-' loxii
metals maridal ed undef RORA f tjijii.i I ..i I i m'r-., tj _ ^ . F'b ,
Ba, Cd , Cf , uli. . Lopa I has fi.irthnn demons I t .11 i 'd
that it's product is a <: omplomrvn I lo the
incineration of solid w.i--. In; K-2d/iSC t-ein-i i.r e<:l
to treat incinerator ash residue t on lainjng LOXK
metals and PCBs.
C. Process li«itations
None ex pet. t ed
D. Rate of Treatient Process t Length of Treatment
Tiie
Co be 'Jeter mined by the \ 1 i en t .
-------
Design and Operating Conditions of Systei
The two-step 11 eat men t process requires Ihdt the
diluted K-20/L3C system be- ' added 1<> the 'sludge t_e Vp_.
Increase Due
to Tr eat.men t
151%
114%
100%
1 1 8%
Co_sJL_.g_f Rj:iw_
M <3 Jte L_i a_ls_J-J-L _.I_r. e a t
i ..T.orI ..tif.—W'it'-'te.t
Sfc.l
$.-../
exclude-;, shipping, labor, capital expenditures, utili
-------
K20/LSC TREATMENT BY BATCH OR CONTINUOUS STREAM PROCESSING
K-20/LSC j»ay b% added to the bulk «aete material a* cpeclfled by the
LOPAT laboratory and blended when temperatur•» of the material*
to be treated and tKt ambient temperature In the treatment ar»a
ara between 45 degree* and 120 degree* FahranKalt
AZARDOUS WASTE MATERIAL
INCINERATOR ASH*SAND*
FURNACE SLAG*80R*
PLATING HASTE*
SALVAGE RESIDUE*
K20 LEAD-IN-SOIL CONTROL
Afttr tk* waat« material haa b*«n
thoroujhl^ Mtttad tha raco
-------
j. Types, Quantities of by-products
There are riu by-product- or iithor ft M Mont-- other
than the --.-I ab i li/ed s lud'jo.
K. Flow Diagrai of Total Treatient Systei
The scaled-up treatment system may be repro^-en I ed
by the at tat hed diagram.
L. Physical and Cheiical Description of Processed
Residual
The untreated sludge was very DJ Ly and t Luid nnd
probably contained 40% or morn oil and water .
All four treatments produced a sol.id granular
product with the consistency of" moderately sur't
ear th.
H. Scale of Deionstration; Bench, Pilot,
Full-Scale
Only bench scale experiment^- have been p^r rurmed.
N. Scale-up Liiitations •
Not Known
0. Actual/Estiiated Capital 4 Operating Costs
Not Known
P. Regulatory Test Protocol Results
See I
0. Periit Requireients
The client is responsible f:or obtaining all
necessary permits.
R. Post-Treatient controls for Process Effluents
Post. -Tr Rdtmen t .controls, equipment, and costs are
at the client's discretion.
S. Monitoring & Data Collection Requirements
Monitor'ing the treatment is also at the client's
discretion •.
T. ' Other
None
VI. OPERATIONAL PROBLEMS AND LIMITATIONS
None Known - Based on Laboratory Scale Expor i merit:
VII. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVEMENTS OF PFRrOKMANCF
None
-------
Project Log # 87-24
Blasting Sand
-------
I. GENERAL
A. Log Nuiber of Project
87-24
B. Katrix Description
Sand contaminated with lead
C. Contatinant Descriptions and Concentrations
2200 mg/1 Pb to 6200 mg/1 Pb
(Obtained from the EP Toxicity Test).
-------
i. MATE:RIALs HANDLING
A. Transport and Feed Requireients
I he K -2O/I..'",(.: ••y-.tem require .
i I hot two liquid < omponent -. mu<>l be Mended and
diluted prior to oippj i t. a I inn In dry w.r.le.
I that dr y I ix.-iLlve lli.iler i,il- b> • ,i':k1ed If. welled
waste mat er id 1 .
i that (routed waste be ullowod lo t ur e fnr ,i
duy or nil n e.
1. Process/Equipient description
Blender mill or similar appar a t i.r., suitable I nr
( on 1 J nu< )u--> nr batch [>t or essinq, are r equ i r ed tn
blond the materials at two s1 ago- in 1 he I r eu I men I
proioss. r.pfay appar atus will aF>P 1 y ttie dilute
two-part K-20/I..3C formula. Water supply i ,
required for dilution or to irn. r e,-r-.e well in-:i
ai. Lion. HopF'er s may be required 1 nr dry raw
fd.-iier i a 1'-. hand I J nq - A -.pray ' li<-imtu-'r ma/ be \.c (••:!
In wet I he L-dnd with the diluti-' K ;•'()/!.',(: ,tinj ,t |:>uq
flu 11 may be used for mixing the we I ted -..md wilh
t tie ( Hinon t i t i ous fixative.
2. Availability of equipient
I- qu i rxiien t i <-. reaijily avaiiaLde, new arn:! used.
3. Degree of defonstration accofplished
Laboratory e x F > e r i m e n t •-.
4. Fugitive enssions control
M< jt AF>P! i ( ab 1 e
5. Evaluation of perforiance
E."xi ellerit
6. Problets/Liiitations
None Knowri
7. Cost
Not Knowri
8. Other
None
-------
nr. pHYurnAL rRrpR
A. Oversize Material Preparation Requireients
I lorn > linqu 1 1 i»d
B. Dewatering Requireients
None R
1 V - ( :i II. MTCAI r>K>l.l'>ROCL":::)STN(J
A. Cheiical Preprocessing to Alter Characteristics
and Ensure Compatibility with Treatient Influent
Requirements
Nnnp Requ i t ed
-------
V. TRF-IATMENl
A. Category and Technology
Chi HID i< <-t 1 i a xn , >n , u J i dj I 11. < 11 i on
and s Lab ili .-N.t I i on <>l i nrn gan it. volalilo and
non--voln I i J e tn^ji fiu-tal^, .iri':l < or l.iin nonnu • I ,; ! i t
loxu. elements and organit . rhe
I t Pat men I r equi t v- :
K -i-.'i.i load In -ooi i Control (l< ,'ii/i:.i. i
A •. i I o ---,pfji i 1 11 ('or iin.i 1,11 i uii 11 - f 'd i ri Mm i i in I f •'. i
arid reiTH'di at i ni i of" ha/ar dou- - ioai h.iblo liid'-> of • u I j d i 1 11 ,i ( i rn i
«.ind f i x < i! i (>n I f i M I /HI >n ! - > i u i .1 . if 11 • I y of w< r I < " > in
1 cibuf a t or y <-tnd 1it.->J'.1 >..-(. .-tit-1 projpi l •-. pr ndi.i( i rn;i
excellent t esults. Thnr e> is do<. i.tm<->n 1 ed (>v i (dene e
to suppor t 1 he ef f ic-ac y of the !< ll'i i Lv.-id- Jn ".o i I
-i-y^tem technology. Lnp,n l ' >i. K-20/LoC Sy-li-Mn i.-.,
app) 1 i r rib i e 1o t emedi d . r->:
> Hazardou'- residue (snjjd nr sli.idgt>) oil or -Judge
..it <:t Sup e r f u n d s i t e.
* Ha/ardous residue arising (rom I ho
inr i riHr .at ion of toxic was U->.
» H.'izar dm.c- f 1 y asl'i
K--2Q/LSC is effective in i. ontr o.U ing l he h.xii.
met.rtJs mandated under r.he F-iCRA t egulat i on--.., t-.g.
Pb, Ba, Cd, Cr , etc. Lnp.il h,i>.; fur thinr
demonstrated that it"--- produc:t j-.-. a i omp I t-mi-'iil lo
the incineration of- ^ol id waste; K-^O/I :;r t-oiriM
i>-ed to treat. in< inerator -- i H determined by I he client
-------
E.
F.
6.
H.
I.
T t .'•-1'lLLfli'i.Q.i"
ttl
Design and Operating Conditions of Systea •
rhp two- stop I t pa tiiii-ri 1 pro- Ih.il I ho
diluted K- 2O/LSC sy-.h-'in l-c> ,-iddod In I he --in.:! .md
thoroughly blended I" ef tPt.tu.tte l< 2O/L !:;t: (.onl.n I
w i th <:tl 1 par liili'1--. A r iMix-n I i I" l 01 c;> f i xa t i vo 1 • .
1 hpri added !(! i re.'ilp <-in inur '.|. in i < matr ix i-,ih o h
inhibit.1:. tho leachabi 1 it y of toxn rnolal--. .
Variability of Operating Paraieters
The var iab i. 1 i l~y of var iou-:- p on I ho
pf I ec t ivpnov . of the trea I merit h.r. not t>fi.Ti
studied fen (.his par ti(.-u.l at- .ipp 1 K. ,.\ I j on bu I
otl'H.:f , ^imiJar treatments 1'iavo indj (_ H o-_-sen I iaIJy
independent i>1 mudnrato var ial ion*-, jn I ho
i ) r-' o i" --1 1. i n q p <-i r a mot e r s .
Coapare Design to Operating
No I App i i (. ,.ib I P
Evaluation of Equipient «
No I App I i (. .ab I P
Influent & Effluent Concentrations
Tho I rea rment i -.-. PX i r
o I v
vo
i I I uM r a t pd in the following table:
k,lL, J «,?X.,..l gis t
R ejk'4 1.ts_...Fii
K --2 Q/ L S C
[', P....T u x. . . I ( - •- . L
Ry..c.- y..l t s._A f tj-1 L
K. :;i(5/. L S C
Pj-.^ r .( , e n ..L
I r_fc?..(±i"IIMQ. i"
6200 mg/J Pb
f:'.2dO mq/J Pb
c,200 mg/J Pb
Jj' 1? <-i tjn.y 0 ^ .
3.O m<;i/J Pb
1.4 mg/1 Pb
1.1 mg/J Pb
UP L? '-•.]" i.1 ' b 1 o [ . t. > <:i d
•"•(1.J. '"'.r)%
''l'1 . ' '•":.:%
•'• •>.'-': IX,
ftJ
it 2
Waste Ujeigh L
Inc r eas-e Pur*
to Tr/eatmen I"
55%
55%
55%
Wd.s.te__. Vn.lume
iDJ^L1?.'!.':!!^.. .llM*"1
t.Q....T.Lt--1_a£.[!.1I7iDJ_
/:„:%
M.u I or i ,.ijL _: _ 1
1 '?. ?. '\i . 1 T.'.'!'
'' ^'l '-'
$~f I
Cost exi. ludps shipping, labor, capital expenditure--, ulilitio-,,
otr .
-------
K20/LSC TREATMENT BY BATCH OR CONTINUOUS STREAM PROCESSING
K-20/LSC may be added to the bulk xattt material *• cpaclflid by the
LOPAT laboratory and blended «hen temperature* of the materials
to be treated and the ambient tamptrature In the treatment aria
art between 45 degreee arid 126 degree* Fahrenheit
AZARDOUS WASTE MATERIAL
INCINERATOR ASH*SAND*
FURNACE SLACoSOIL*
PLATING HASTE*
SALVAGE RESIDUE*
K20 LEAO-IN-SOIL CONTROL
TU
(MATERIALS CONTAINING
TOXIC HEAVY METALS)
IPARTl
A
IPART
B
COMBINE
AND EXTEND
Uaite material !• Co be vetted
thoroughly with the K20/LSC compound.
(diluted In accordance vlth the
LOPAT lab specification) and blended
U
YOUR ONSITE MIXING FACILITY
After the waet* material h»e been
thoroughly netted the r »co«Mntnde d
cvnent i t lovis fixative or comblnatlo
of flxatlv** !• added, the total
man li then given a
thorough blending
RECOMMENDED FIXATIVE
OR
FIXATIVE COMBINATION
The waite material matj be proceeded In batchee
of any amount or In a continuous etream.
Prepare and treat naite In volumes
eultable for the equipment being u«ed.
Remove form blender to pad or backfill for curing. Lopat
recommence curing under anblent conditions, urtdlsturbed f°T
approx. 72 hrt. After curing the treated material
may be teeted by EP Toxicfty for handling ae non-haiardou•.
-------
.1. Types, Quantities of by-products
I I'll"1)' i- ' .-1M > I'M ) t>y pM )'.~ll K I i >f I ' I I'M 't ' ' I I I I it Tl I ' i i I ! It 't
M'I, in t he • -1 <_ib i I j <••( "."I M'ind
K. Flow Diagrai of Total Treatnent System
The -M. €.1 1 t 'd-'Up I MM I' mt'i'i I '.y.li'in m.iv be r epr e en led
by I he c-it L -it I'M "'.I dj aqr ,uii .
L. Physiral and Cheiical Description of Processed
Residual
bee J above. The i.in I M--I 1 1 i "") • i'.; led ii1" \'tu y
firi'-.', di.i--.ty, bi.i L -jt-Tr-t' p.u 1 it li"-, Iht- m.-iiiif ity i>'
wl'i i ( h wt-'f >.-• iii MM-' r.iMQf.1 i < f 41) It.) < .( i uit-".h • i.'t1.
Af'U-n e;irh nl the? tl'irtM- t.M^utmi.M'i I --, , the •"-.:unJ w.i-,
no Jonyen dusty, <-tncl N'IH par tie IP ---ires irn reu^-e':!
such t~hat the m.-Uof j ty (if p.u 1: it J t»-.. wtn e in 1 I'M- 1 (J
to t,0 mp-_.h range.
H. Scale of Deionstration; Bench, Pilot, Full-Scale
only beru h >r.-iU-> expr-'r i men Is h.-ive bt-en r>er lnMiifi;!.
N. Scale-up Liiitations
Mot Known
0. Actual/Estiiated Capital & Operating Costs
Not Known
P. Regulatory Test Protocol Results
Q. Peril t Requireients
Fhtr1 t.-iienl i ^. t f-'-.pt in-- i bl r- t«t nbt.iJning or a t or y Si ale t xper i merit -
VII. KLnOMMfNDATIONS TOR TMTROVF ML.'Nl f. o| IT RM if^M
-------
Project Log t 86-63
Blast Furnace Slag
-------
GLNERAi
A. Log Nuiber of Project
8. Matrix Description
Blast furnarij slciQ <. ont ct minuted wiH'i
C. Contaiinant Descriptions and Concentrations
50-590 mg/1 lead
(Obtained from the EP Toxi(..ity Test)
-------
1.1 . MATL'R IAL ':> IIANIJL 1 MR
Transport and Feed Requirements
The K--20/LSC system requires.-
i that two liquid components inu-.L be blended and
diluted prior to application to dry w<-.iste.
••r t h a t d t" y f i x a t i v e m a1 e r i a 1 s t > e <;i d d e < J I o w e 11" e d
waste mater ial.
+ that treated waste be allowed to <_ure f ot H
day or more.
J. Process/Equipient description
Blender mills or similar apparatus, suitable fur
continuous or batch processing, <-u H required to
blend the materials at two sieges in the I r <-ja tnien I
process. 3pr <-iy appciratus will ctpply the diluted
two-part K~20/LSn formula. W.jtHr ---upply i •_-
required for dilution or to i m. r ca-->e wetting
..K. I ion. Hopper •- may be t c>:|ui ' (vrl I i.
-------
TIL. PHYSICAL PREPROCESSING
A. Oversize Material Preparation Requireients '
Norn.1 Requ i f i 'd
B. Dewatering Requireients
Nnrit1 Requi t ed
IV. CHEMICAL PREPROCESSING
A. Cheiical Preprocessing to Alter Characteristics
and Ensure Coipatibility with Treatient Influent
Requireients
None Required
-------
TRFATMfNT
A. Category and Technology
Chemical fixation, r-nc apsuJ at ion , so J.id if i cut ion
.and stabilization of inorganic volatile ..ind
non-volatile toxic metals, and certain nonmetalli<
toxic elements and organic compounds. The
1r eatmeri t r equi r es:
K--20 Lead--1 n -Soi 1 Con I MI 1 (K--20/L.S(:)
A site-specif ic formulation u-.od in the i onrrd
and remediatiori of hazardous louthable toxit
metaJs contained iri soil, >-,o i 1 - .1 i UP solid--- or
.semi-sol id par llculate matter .
Specifically, Lopat develops modification--, of effective in controlling the I ox it
metals mandated under RCRA r •, '-juJ .t t i on--., ij.g. Pb ,
Ba, Cd, Cr, etc. Lopat ha-> further demorr-.tr a t ed
that it's product is a complement to the
incineration of solid waste; K--20/LSC be-ing used
'to treat incinerator ash residue containing toxic
metals and PCDs.
C. Process liiitations
None Expected
D. Rate of Treatient Process I Length of Treatient
Tiie
To be determined by the client
-------
Design and Operating Conditions of Systei
The two step treatment process requires that the
K-20/LSC system be added to the slag and
Thoroughly blended to effe<-turite K-2O/ISC conUtct
with all particles. A eempnti t iou--; fixative ]•-
then added to ornate an inorganic, matrix which
further inhibits the leachabiliLy of tuxi<.
metals.
Variability of Operating Paraieters
The variability of various parameters on the
effectiveness of the treatment has not been
studied for this particular application but othnr
similar treatments have indicated that treatment
effectiveness would be essentially independent of
moderate variations in the operating parameters.
Coipare Design to Operating
Not Applicable
Evaluation of Equipient
Not Applicable
Influent I Effluent Concentrations
The treatment is extremely effective as
illustrated in the following table.-
Treatment
ttl
#2
#3
#4
#5
Repeat
#5
EP Tox Test
Results Before
K-20/LSC
Fixative
Treatment
500 mg/1 Pb
500 mg/1 Pb
500 mg/1 Pb
500 mg/1 Pb
500 mg/1 Pb
235 mg/1 Pb
EP Tox Test-
Results After
K-20/LSC
Fixa_tiye
Treatment
0.57 mg/1 Pb
0.99 mg/1 Pb
0.71 mg/1 Pb
0.95 mg/1 Pb
0.52 mg/1 Pb
0.73 mg/1 Pb
Bs.duc_tion in
Leach able. ..Lead
99.9% pb
99.8% Pb
99.9% Pb
99.8% Pb
99.9% Pb
99.7% Pb
#1
#2
#3
#4
#5
kepeat
#5
Waste Weight
Increase Due
to Treatment
27-28%
27-28%
27-28%
27-28%
27-28%
27-28%
Waste Volume
Increase Due
to Treatment
70%
69%
68%
85%
66%
56%
Cost of Raw
Materials to
TllPJLt__JL_ To_n_.._
of Waste* 1
$53
$55
$/7
$50
$56
$5',
excludes shipping, labor, c.apiUiJ expand i t i.u <•.•;„?., ut il i t io-.--
etc.
-------
J. Types, Quantities of by-products
There are no by-products at other effluent--- other
th...in the stabilized .slay.
K. Flow Diagrai of Total Treatient Systet
The scaled-up treatment system may be represented
by the attached diagram.
t. Physical and Cheiical Description of Processed
Residual
See 1. The untr edited slag and all of the treated
slags resembled soil in appearance, but each
particle of the slag appeared to have a very high
compressive strength. The vast majority of the
particles were in the 10 mesh to 60 mesh range.
M. Scale of Deionstration; Bench, Pilot, Full-Scale
Only bench scale experiments have been performed.
N. Scale-up tiiitations
Not Known
0. Actual/Estnated Capital & Operating Costs
Not Known
P. Regulatory Test Protocol Results
See J
0. Periit Requireients
The client j •-• responsible for obtaining all
necessary permits.
R. Post-Treatient controls for Process Effluents
Post-treatment contr o1s, equipmenI and i-osts ar e
at the client's discretion.
S. Monitoring I Data Collection Requireients
Monitoring and datci collection i.-.r, at the client'-:
d.i scretion.
T. Other
None
-------
K20/LSC TREATMENT BY BATCH OR CONTINUOUS STREAM PROCESSING
K-20/LSC may b* added to th« bulk «a«t* material »• «p»elfled by the
LOPAT laboratory and blended when temperature* of the materials
to be treated and the ambient temperature In the treatment area
are between 45 degreee and 126 degree* Fahrenheit
*—^i I
AZARDOUS WASTE MATERIAL
INCINERATOR ASH*SAND«
FURNACE SLAC*80IL*
PLATING HASTE*
SALVAGE RESIDUE*
K20 LEAD-IN-SOIL CONTROL
m
(MATERIALS CONTAINING
. TOXIC HEAVY METALS)
PART]
A
IPART
B
COMBINE
AND EXTEND
Ua*te material I* to b* wetted
thoroughly with th* K20/LSC compound.
(diluted In accordance with the
LOPAT lab specification) and blended
B
After the vaete material ha* been
thoroughly netted the recommended
c*m*ntItlou* fixative or conblnatlo
of flxatlvee l« added, th* total
matt le then given a
thorough blending
RECOMMENDED FIXATIVE
OR
FIXATIVE COMBINATION
YOUR ONSITE HIKING FACILITY
\
The va*te material may be processed In batch**
of any amount or In • continuous *tr*am.
Prepare and treat *a*te In volumes
•ultable for the equipment being u«ed.
Remove form blend*r to pad or backfill for curing. Lopat
recommende curing under ambient condition*, undisturbed for
approx. 72 hra. After curing the treated material
may be teeted by EP Toxic Ity for handling ae non-hazardou«.
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VI. OPE-RATIONAL PROBLEMS AMD LIMITATIONS
None Known - Based on Labor ..i t or y Scale Expef intent-
VII. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVEMENTS OF" PERFUKMANCL
None
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Project Log # 86-40
Oil-Soaked Soil
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GFNI I;A;
A. Log Nuiiber of Project
B. Hatrix Description
;-'<.'L I ( nnt cimi n.-i I t-d wjth (-nqim cj I.
C. Contaunant Descriptions and Concentrations
It...5 mg/.i Pb u:)bt ciinv-d f t om Ihf IIP loxii jly |P-->L).
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II. MATCniALG HANDLING
Transport and Feed Requireients
The K-2<)/L:.;d In i ur e
day ur mi tr <'.
I. frocess/Equipient description
Blender mill;., or similar appotr alu-., •'i.iil.ible for
( on tiriLioi.fi or batch F'r or L-".V-.. a ng, ur ^ r (-i.|i.i i r fd I u
blend the materials at two s taQe-.. ui I hi-1
treat merit r->^ oces^.. Gpray up par at u>: wjij apply
tl'io diluted liquid I'wo-par 1 k k'0/l. :.;(.: lormula.
Waler --.i.tppj y is required for dilution or lo
i I'M. r ea.se wetting action. Hoppers may be required
for dry raw materials handJing. A --prcty chamber
may be used t.o wet the soil with the K 2U/L3U
< omponent:: and a pug mill, may be used for mixinq
the wet ted soil with I he sole* led < enien I i I LOUS
f i xa t i ve.
2. Availability of equipient
Equipment is readj ly avaiJablv, new and u'-.fd.
3. Degree of deionstration accoiplished
Labor atory experiments.
4. Fugitive eiissions control
Not. applicable
5. Evaluation of perforiance
E. xc el lent
b. Probleis/tiiitations
None Known
7. Cost
Not known
8. Other
None
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ri'l. PHYSICAL PkLPRt"'CCS:UNG
A. Oversize Material Preparation Requirements
None Requir ed
B. Dewatering Requireients
Num.1 Required
IV. OHLM.IUAL PREPROCESSING
A. Cheiical Preprocessing to Alter Characteristics
and Ensure Coipatibility with Treatient Influent
Requireients
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V.
A. Category and Technology
Chemical fixation, encapsulation, -.oj i di f i < ,iM on
and stabi .1 i /at i on of" inorg.m'i vni.ili Uv ami
nurr-volatile toxic metnl^,
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G.
H.
I.
Design and Operating Conditions of Syste*
The two step treatment prone--.--- r ('qua r e--_- that fht-
diluted K-20/1 SO system be ddded tu the soil and
thorough J y Mended to ef f ec tu.-i t *-> K-20/L:.>U runlnrl
with all p..ir I ic les . A c-emen L i t:.i ous fixative i--,
tl'ien added to create an inur q.-m j c matrix whi L h
further inhibits the leachability of toxic
metals.
Variability of Operating Paraieters
The variability of various parameter •-. on rhc
effectiveness of the treatment h,.r; not bc-i.'n
studied for this particuiar application bi.it
other, similar treat men Is huvc? irnJicaled lh<^t
treatment effectiveness would be essentially
independent of moderate variations in I he
operating parameters.
Coipare Design to Operating
Not Applicable
i
Evaluation of Equipient
Mot Applicable
Influent I Effluent Concentrations
The-? treatment is extremely effective,
illustrated in the following table:
as
IH
#2
tt.3
#4
EP Tox Test
Results Before
K-20/LSC
Fixative
EP Tox Test
Results After
K-20/LSC
F ixative
16.3 mg/1 Pb
lfc..3 mg/1 Pb
16.3 mg/1 Pb
16.3 mg/1 Pb
Waste Weight
Increase Due
to Treatment
Ir_ea.tm.eri_t
.0.16 mg/1 Pb
0.08 mg/1 Pb
0.02 mg/1 Pb
O.OJ inq/1 Pb
Waste Volume.
Increase Due
to Treatment
Perc_eri1:__
R^.yril'-I'.D.. J-fi. .
L.tia c...h a b 1 e_J._e .-t <
'->'!•%,
<:>'-') . 5%
'"''"' . ''%
'-i'-4 .'-^%
G.Q '_•;. t P_f . R1 1 >i
M-iiiii-J-SLJLi . LLL_
I _. T QLL J.2 f ._W. -A L--J- t
#1
tt2
#3
#4
22%
30%
23%
30%
fCost excludes shipping,
etc.
43%
71%
t.7%
86%
$20
$29
$27
labor, capital expenditures, utilities,
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J. Types, Quantities of by-products
There are no by-products or other effluents other
than the statu lized soil.
K. Flow Diagrai of Total Treatment Systei
The sealed-up treatment system may be
represented by the attached d
L. Physical and Cheiical Description of Processed
Residual
Treatments #1 and #2 produced a fjne. , dry soi 1
which was similar to the untreated soil.
Treatments; tt.3 and #4 produced a small granular
soil .
H. Scale of Delonstration; Bench, Pilot, Full-Scale
Only bench scale experiments have been por for mud.
N. Scale-up Limitations
No L known
0. Actual/Estiiated Capital J Operating Costs
Not known
P. Regulatory Test Protocol Results
See 1
Q. Periit Requireients
The client is responsible for obtaining aJ 1
necessary permits.
R. Post-Treatient controls for Process Effluents
P o s t - 1 r e a t m e n t c o n t r o 1 s , e q u i p m e n t a r i d c t ) s t >;. a r e
at the client's discretion.
S. Monitoring i Data Collection Requireients
Monitoring the treatment is also at the i. lient's
disc retion .
T. Other
None
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Ufr-
KEO/LSC TREATMENT BY BATCH OR CONTINUOUS STREAM PROCESSING
K-20/LSC may bt added to the bulk waete material *• •peclfltd by the
LOPAT laboratory and blended nhen temperature* of the material*
to bt treated and the ambient temperature In the treatment area
are between 45 d«jreee «r«d 129 d«jr«*« FakrenKelt
=—=11
AZARDOUS WASTE MATERIAL
INCINERATOR ASH*SAMD*
FURNACE 8LAC»801L*
PLATING HASTE*
SALVAGE RESIDUE*
KZO LEAD-IN-SOIL CONTROL
in
(MATERIALS CONTAINING
TOXIC HEAVY METALS)
iPARTl
A
PART
B
V
COMBINE
AND EXTEND
Uaate Riaterlal !• to b* vetted
thoroughly with the K20/LGC compound.
(diluted In accordance with the
LOPAT lab specification) and blended
D
After tk* wa»t« Material K»e been
thorowahly «*tt«d the r«co««end«d
c»m*nt 11 lovia flx4tlv* or conblnatlo
of flx«tlv«« !• added, the total
»&•• It th*n given a.
thorough
RECOMMENDED FIXATIVE
OR
FIXATIVE COMBINATION
V
YOUR ONSITE MIXING FACILITY
\
Th* vaete materiel may be proceeded In batchee
of »ny amount or In a contlnuoue etream.
Prepare and treat Haste In volume*
eultable for the equipment being geed.
Remove form blender to pad or backfill for curing. Lopat
recommend* curing under ambient condltlone> undisturbed f°r
approx. 12 hr». After curing the treated material
be teeted b
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VI. OPERATIONAL PROEU.FMS AND LIMITATIONS
None Known - B.jse-d on Lctbur at or y Si. .tip Exper imi >n [•
VIJ. RECOMMt MDAriOM.S fOR IMPROVEMENT!:) OT PERFORMANCE
U.S. Environment^ Fro^r^on Agency
Region 5, Library •"•" •" •
77 West
Chicago,
!L GO:'
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