600880042A
TREATABILITY MANUAL
VOLUME I. Treatability Data
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL, PROTECTION AGENCY
Washington, D.C.
January 1980
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PREFACE
In January, 1979, EPA's Office of Enforcement and Office of
Water and Waste Management requested help from the- Office of
Research and Development in compiling wastwater treatment per-
formance data into a "Treatability Manual". This Manual was to
be used in developing NPDES permit limitations for facilities
which, at the time of permit issuance, were not fally.covered
by promulgated, industry-specific effluent guidelines authorized
under Sections 301, 304, 306, 307, and 501 of the CWAi
A planning group was set up to manage the treatabiidty -program
under the chairmanship of William Cawley, Deputy .Director,
Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory - Cincinnati. The
group includes participants from: 1) the Industrial Environmen-
tal Research Laboratory - Cincinnati, 2) Effluent Guidelines
Division, Office of Water and Waste Management; ,3) Permits
Division, Office of Enforcement; 4) Municipal Environmental
Research Laboratory - Cincinnati; 5) R. S. Kerr, Environmental
Research Laboratory - Ada; 6) Industrial Environmental Research
Laboratory - Research Triangle Park; 7) Monsanto Research Corpo-
ration; and 8) Aerospace Corporation. ,
The objectives of the treatability program are:-
/ \ t
• To provide readily accessible data and infpriftation on
treatability of industrial and municipal waste;streams
for use by NPDES permit writers, enforcement"personnel,
and by industrial or municipal permit holders; :
• To provide a basis for research planning by identifying
gaps in knowledge of the treatability of certain pollut-
ants and wastestreams; - , . ,;'.'-
• To set up a system allowing rapid response to program
office requirements for generation of treatability data.
The primary output from this program is-a five-volume Treat-
ability Manual. The individual volumes are named as follows:
Volume I - Treatability Data .,-
Volume II - Industrial Descriptions " .?".'
Volume III - Technologies . •„ .
Volume IV - Cost Estimating -. ;..
Volume V - Summary • .;.
•C..
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• To provide readily accessible data and information on
treatability of industrial and municipal waste streams for
use by NPDES permit writers, enforcement personnel, and
laboratory researchers; and
• To provide a basis for research planning by identifying gaps
in treatability knowledge and state-of-the-art.
A primary output from the treatability program is a five volume
treatability manual. The treatability manual comprises five
volumes, as follows:
VOLUME I Treatability Data
VOLUME II Industrial Descriptions
VOLUME III Technologies
VOLUME IV Cost Estimating
VOLUME V Summary
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The sheer size and comprehensiveness of this document should make
it obvious that this had to be the effort of a large number of people.
It is the collection of contributions from throughout the Environmental
Protection Agency, particularly from the Office of Enforcement, Office
of Water and Hazardous Materials and the Office of Research and Develop-
ment. Equally important to its success were the efforts of the employees
of the Aerospace Corporation and the Monsanto Research Corporation who
participated in this operation.
No list of the names of everyone who took part in the effort would
in any way adequately acknowledge the effort which those involved in
preparing this Manual made toward its development. Equally difficult
would be an, attempt to name the people who have made the most significant
contributions both because there have been too many and because it would
be impossible to adequately define the term "significant." This document
exists because of major contributions by the contractor's staff and by
members of the following:
Effluent Guidelines Division
Office of Water and Waste Management
Permits Division
Office of Water Enforcement
National Enforcement Investigation Center
"Office of Enforcement
Center for Environmental Research Information
Municipal Environmental Research Laboratory
Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory
Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory
Research Triangle Park, NC
Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory
Cincinnati, OH
Office of Research and Development
The purpose of this acknowledgement is to express my thanks as
Committee Chairman and the thanks of the Agency to the, Committee Members
and others who contributed to' the success of this
William A. Cawley, Deputy Director, IIRL-Ci
Chairman, Treatability Coordination Committee
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CONTENTS
I.I Introduction 1.1-1
1.2 Classical and Conventional Pollutants 1.2-1
1.3 Industrial Wastewater Discharges 1.3-1
1.4 Metals and Inorganics 1.4-1
Antimony 1.4.1-1
Arsenic 1.4.2-1
Asbestos 1.4.3-1
Beryllium 1.4.4-1
Cadmium 1.4..5-1
Chromium 1.4.6-1
Copper 1.4.7-1
Cyanides (total) 1.4.8-1
Lead 1.4.9-1
Mercury 1.4.10-1
Nickel . . / 1.4.11-1
Selenium 1.4.12-1
Silver 1.4.13-1
Thallium 1.4.14-1
Zinc 1.4.15-1
1.5 Ethers 1.5-1
Bis (chloromethyl) ether 1.5.1-1
Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether 1.5.2-1
Bis(2-chloroisopropyl) ether 1.5.3-1
2-Chloroethyl vinyl ether 1.5.4-1
4-Chlorophenyl phenyl ether 1.5.5-1
4-Bromophenyl phenyl ether 1.5.6-1
Bis(2-chloroethoxy)methane 1.5.7-1
1.6 Phthalates 1.6-1
Dimethyl phthalate 1.6.1-1
Diethyl phthalate 1.6.2-1
Di-n-butyl phthalate 1.6.3-1
Di-n-octyl phthalate 1.6.4-1
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 1.6.5-1
Butyl benzyl phthalate 1.6.6-1
1.7 Nitrogen Compounds 1.7-1
N-nitrosodimethylamine 1.7.1-1
N-nitrosodiphenylamine 1.7.2-1
N-nitrosodi-n-propylamine 1.7.3-1
Benzidine 1.7.4-1
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine 1.7.5-1
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine 1.7.6-1
Acrylonitrile 1.7.7-1
Date: 7/31/79
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CONTENTS (continued)
1.7 Nitrogen Compounds (continued)
Butylamine 1.7.8-1
Diethylamine 1.7.9-1
Ethylenediamine 1.7.10-1
Monoethylamine 1.7.11-1
Monomethylamine 1.7.12-1
Triethylamine 1.7.13-1
Trimethylamine 1.7.14-1
1.8 Phenols 1.8-1
Phenol 1.8.1-1
2-Chlorophenol . 1.8.2-1
2,4-Dichlorophenol 1.8.3-1
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol 1.8.4-1
Pentachlorophenol 1.8.5-1
2-Nitrophenol ' 1.8.6-1
4-Nitrophenol 1.8.7-1
2,4-Dinitrophenol 1.8.8-1
Resorcinol 1.8.9-1
2,4-Dimethylphenol 1.8.10-1
Total phenols 1.8.11-1
p-Chloro-m-cresol 1.8.12-1
4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol 1.8.13-1
Cresol 1.8.14-1
1.9 Aromatics 1.9-1
Benzene 1.9.1-1
Chlorobenzene 1.9.2-1
1,2-Dichlorobenzene 1.9.3-1
1,3-Dichlorobenzene 1.9.4-1
1,4-Dichlorobenzene 1.9.5-1
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 1.9.6-1
Hexachlorobenzene 1.9.7-1
Ethylbenzene 1.9.8-1
Nitrobenzene 1.9.9-1
Toluene 1.9.10-1
2,4-Dinitrotoluene 1.9.11-1
2,6-Dinitrotoluene 1.9.12-1
Aniline 1.9.13-1
Benzoic acid 1.9.14-1
Benzyl chloride 1.9.15-1
Styrene 1.9.16-1
Quinoline 1.9.17-1
Xylenes 1.9.18-1
Nitrotoluene 1.9.19-1
Naphthenic acid 1.9.20-1
1.10 Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons 1.10-1
2-Chloronaphthalene I.10.1-1
Benz(a)anthracene 1.10.2-1
Benzo(b) fluoranthene 1.10.3-1
Benzo(k) fluoranthene 1.10.4-1
Date: 7/31/79
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CONTENTS (continued)
I.10 Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (continued)
Benzo(a)pyrene 1.10.5-1
Indeno(l,2,3-cd)pyrene 1.10.6-1
Dibenz (ah)anthracene 1.10.7-1
Benzo(ghi)perylene 1.10.8-1
Acenaphthene 1.10.9-1
Acenaphthylene 1.10.10-1
Anthracene 1.10.11-1
Chrysene 1.10.12-1
Fluoranthene 1.10.13-1
Fluorene 1.10.14-1
Naphthalene 1.10.15-1
Phenanthrene 1.10.16-1
Pyrene 1.10.17-1
1.11 PCB's and Related Compounds 1.11-1
Aroclor 1016 1.11.1-1
Aroclor 1221 1.11.2-1
Aroclor 1232 1.11.3-1
Aroclor 1242 1.11.4-1
Aroclor 1248 1.11.5-1
Aroclor 1254 1.11.6-1
Aroclor 1260 1.11.7-1
1.12 Halogenated Hydrocarbons 1.12-1
Methyl chloride 1.12.1-1
Methylene chloride 1.12.2-1
Chloroform 1.12.3-1
Carbon tetrachloride 1.12.4-1
Chloroethane 1.12.5-1
1,1-Dichloroethane 1.12.6-1
1,2-Dichloroethane 1.12.7-1
1,1,1-Trichloroethane 1.12.8-1
1,1,2-Trichloroethane 1.12.9-1
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane 1.12.10-1
Hexachloroethane. ... 1.12.11-1
Vinyl chloride 1.12.12-1
1,2-Dichloropropane 1.12.13-1
1,3-Dichloropropene 1.12.14-1
Hexachlorobutadiene 1.12.15-1
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene 1.12.16-1
Methyl bromide 1.12.17-1
Dichlorobromomethane 1.12.18-1
Chlorodibromomethane 1.12.19-1
Bromoform 1.12.20-1
Dichlorodifluoromethane 1.12.21-1
Trichlorofluoromethane 1.12.22-1
Trichloroethylene 1.12.23-1
1,1-Dichloroethylene 1.12.24-1
1,2-rrans-dichloroethylene 1.12.25-1
Tetrachloroethylene 1.12.26-1
Date: 7/31/79
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CONTENTS (continued)
1.12 Halogenated Hydrocarbons (continued)
Allyl chloride 1.12.27-1
2,2-Dichloropropionic acid 1.12.28-1
Phosgene . . 1.12.29-1
Ethylene dibromide 1.12.30-1
Epichlorohydrin 1.12.31-1
1.13 Pesticides 1.13-1
a-Endosulfan 1.13.1-1
Endosulfan sulfate 1.13.2-1
3-Endosulfan ..... 1.13.3-1
ct-BHC 1.13.4-1
3-BHC 1.13.5-1
6-BHC 1.13.6-1
• Y-BHC 1.13.7-1
Aldrin 1.13.8-1
Dieldrin 1.13.9-1
4,4'-DDE 1.13.10-1
4,4'-DDT 1.13.11-1
4,4'-DDD 1.13.12-1
Endrin 1.13.13-1
Kelthane 1.13.14-1
Naled 1.13.15-1
Dichlone 1.13.16-1
Kepone 1.13.17-1
Diuron 1.13.18-1
Endrin aldehyde 1.13.19-1
Heptachlor 1.13.20-1
Heptachlor epoxide 1.13.21-1
Carbofuran 1.13.22-1
Mercaptodimethur 1.13.23-1
Chlordane 1.13.24-1
Toxaphene 1.13.25-1
Captan 1.13.26-1
Carbaryl 1.13.27-1
Coumaphos 1.13.28-1
Diazinon . .' 1.13.29-1
Dicamba * 1.13.30-1
Dichlobenil 1.13.31-1
Malathion 1.13.32-1
Methyl parathion 1.13.33-1
Parathion 1.13.34-1
Guthion 1.13.35-1
Ethion 1.13.36-1
Isoprene 1.13.37-1
Chlorpyrifos 1.13.38-1
Dichlorvos 1.13.39-1
Diquat 1.13.40-1
Disulfoton 1.13.41-1
Date: 7/31/79
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CONTENTS (continued)
1.13 Pesticides (continued)
Mevinphos 1.13.42-1
Mexacarbate 1.13.43-1
Trichlorfon 1.13.44-1
Propargite 1.13.45-1
Carbon disulfide 1.13.46-1
1.14 Oxygenated Compounds 1.14-1
Acetaldehyde 1.14.1-1
Acetic acid 1.14.2-1
Allyl alcohol 1.14.3-1
Amyl acetate 1.14.4-1
Butyl acetate 1.14.5-1
Butyric acid 1.14.6-1
Formaldehyde 1.14.7-1
Formic acid 1.14.8-1
Fumaric acid 1.14.9-1
Maleic acid 1.14.10-1
Methyl methacrylate 1.14.11-1
Propionic acid 1.14.12-1
Vinyl acetate 1.14.13-1
Adipic acid 1.14.14-1
Crotonaldehyde 1.14.15-1
Acrolein 1.14.16-1
Furfural 1.14.17-1
Propylene oxide 1.14.18-1
1.15 Miscellaneous 1.15-1
Methyl mercaptan 1.15.1-1
Dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid 1.15.2-1
Cyclohexane 1.15.3-1
Isophorone 1.15.4-1
Strychnine 1.15.5-1
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin 1.15.6-1
Zinc phenol sulfonate 1.15.7-1
Date: 7/31/79
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GLOSSARY
AAP: Army Ammunitions Plant.
AN: Ammonium Nitrate.
ANFO: Ammonium Nitrate/Fuel Oil.
BATEA: Best Available Technology Economically Achievable.
BAT: Best Applicable Technology.
BEJ: Best Engineering Judgement.
BOD: Biochemical Oxygen Demand.
clarification: Process by which a suspension is clarified to
give a "clear" supernatant.
cryolite: A mineral consisting of sodium-aluminum fluoride.
CWA: Clean Water Act.
cyanidation process: Gold and/or silver are extracted from
finely crushed ores, concentrates, tailings, and low-grade
mine-run rock in dilute, weakly alkaline solutions of
potassium or sodium cyanide.
comminutor: Mechanical devices that cut up material normally
removed in the screening process.
effluent: A waste product discharged from a process.
EGD: Effluent Guidelines Division.
elutriation: The process of washing and separating suspended
particles by decantation.
extraction: The process of separating the active constituents of
drugs by suitable methods.
fermentation: A chemical change of organic matter brought about
by the action of an enzyme or ferment.
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flocculation: The coagulation or coalescence of a finely-divided
precipitate.
fumigant: A gaseous or readily volatilizable chemical used as a
disinfectant or pesticide.
GAC: Granular Activated Carbon.
gravity concentration: A process which uses the differences in
density to separate valuable ore minerals from gangue.
gravity separation/settling: A process which removes suspended
solids by natural gravitational forces.
grit removal: Preliminary treatment that removes large objects,
in order to prevent damage to subsequent treatment and
process equipment.
influent: A process stream entering the treatment system.
intake: Water, such as tap or well water, that is used as
makeup water in the process.
lagoon: A shallow artifical pond for the natural oxidation of
sewage and ultimate drying of the sludge.
LAP: Loading Assembly and Packing operations.
MHF: Multiple Hearth Furnace.
neutralization: The process of adjusting either an acidic or a
basic wastestream to a pH in the range of seven.
NPNES. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System.
NRDC: Natural Resources Defense Council.
NSPS: New Source Performance Standards.
photolysis: Chemical decomposition or dissociation by the action
of radient energy.
PCB: PolyChlorinated Biphenyl.
POTW: Public Owned Treatment Works.
PSES: Pretreatment Standards for Existing Sources.
purged: Removed by a process of cleaning; take off or out.
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screening process: A process used to remove coarse and/or gross
solids from untreated wastewater before subsequent treatment.
SIC: Standard Industrial Classification.
SS: Suspended Solids.
SRT: Solids Retention Time.
starved air combustion: Used for the volumetric and organic
reduction of sludge solids.
terpene: Any of a class of isomeric hydrocarbons.
thermal drying: Process in which the moisture in sludge is
reduced by evaporation using hot air, without the solids
being combusted.
TKN: Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen.
TOC: Total Organic Carbon.
trickling filter: Process in which wastes are sprayed through
the air to absorb oxygen and allowed to trickle through a
bed of rock or synthetic media coated with a slime of micro-
bial growth to remove dissolved and collodial biodegradable
organics.
TSS: Total Suspended Solids.
vacuum filtration: Process employed to dewater sludges so that
a coke is produced having the physical handling character-
istics and contents required for processing.
VSS: Volatile Suspended Solids.
WQC: Water Quality Criterion.
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I.1 INTRODUCTION
Volume I is a compendium of treatability data for specific
compounds. It is the first of a five volume set on industrial
wastewater treatability. Volume II is a collection of industrial
wastewater discharge information and includes data for both raw
and treated wastewaters. Volume III is a compilation of avail-
able performance data for existing wastewater treatment technol-
ogies. Volume IV is a collection of capital and operating cost
data for the treatment technologies described in Volume III.
Volume V is an executive summary and describes the use of infor-
mation contained in Volumes I - IV. The information contained in
this manual was obtained from the open literature, government
publications, on-going Office of Research and Development (ORD)
treatability studies, equipment vendors, and regional and state
EPA offices.
1.1.1 VOLUME 1 ORGANIZATION AND CONTENTS
Volume I of the Treatability Manual supplies data on specific
compounds. It is intended to provide facile reference to physical
data on the pollutants, their occurrence patterns, and methods of
treatment and/or removal. Pollutants are grouped according to
the following chemical categories:
Metals and Inorganics
Ethers
Phthalates
Nitrogen Compounds
Phenols
Aromatics
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons
PCB's and Related Compounds
Halogenated Hydrocarbons
Pesticides
Oxygenated Compounds
Miscellaneous
The three-part entry for each pollutant includes the items dis-
cussed below:
• Description of the Pure Species
Date: 12/5/79 I.1-1
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This section includes information such as name, formula, alter-
nate names, Chemical Abstracts Registry Number, molecular or
atomic weight, melting and boiling points, water solubility and
vapor pressure. For organic compounds Henry's law constants, log
octanol/water partition coefficients, biodegradability informa-
tion, and carbon adsorption data are also presented; for metals
common oxidation states and precipitation/coagulation properties
are given.
A separate entry in this section summarizes current knowledge on
probable fates in an aqueous medium. Processes considered in
this last category are photolysis, oxidation, hydrolysis, volati-
lization, sorption, biological processes, and other significant
reactions and interactions. When literature fate data for a
specific compound are inadequate or nonexistent, the fate of
closely related compounds are discussed, and the data is identi-
fied as pertaining to the general class of compounds.
• Industrial Occurrence Data
Wastewater pollutant concentrations are presented in tabular form
for each industry in which the chemical substance has been
detected. The minimum, maximum and average concentrations are
reported for both untreated and treated wastewater. This infor-
mation is derived from that presented in Volume II of the waste-
water treatability manual. Consult Volume II for additional in-
formation regarding wastestreams in each industry.
Industrial wastewater discharge data presented in Section 1.3 is
then used in conjunction with the observed pollutant concentra-
tions to estimate pollutant loadings for the industry. Pollutant
loadings reported in kg/d form a basis for comparing relative
impacts of the discharge from various industries.
• Pollutant Treatability/Removability
For each alternative standard treatment process, removal ranges
and achieveable concentrations for the compound of interest are
presented for both synthetic and actual wastewater samples, where
appropriate data are available. Cross references to Volume III
are given.
1.1.2 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES DATA
Physical/chemical data presented in this volume are useful in
predicting environmental fate or probable effectiveness of alter-
native treatment approaches. A brief description of the presenta-
tion and utility of individual parameters follows.
Date: 12/5/79 1.1-2
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1.1.2.1 Henry's Law Constant
Henry's law constant is the equilibrium partial pressure of a
compound divided by the concentration of the compound in water
at 25°C and is defined by the following equation:
K -
K ~ S
where
K = Henry's law constant, m3 atm gmol~1
P = partial pressure of compound in gas phase, atm
S = concentration of compound in liquid phase, gmol/m3
It is an expression of the equilibrium distribution of a compound
between air and water. The constant indicates qualitatively the
volatility of a compound and is frequently used in equations which
attempt to predict "stripping" of compound from aqueous solution.
Increasing values of the constant favor volatilization as a fate
mechanism and indicate amenability to steam or air stripping.
1.1.2.2 Log Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient
The log octanol/water partition coefficient or log P is the equil-
ibrium distribution of a compound between two immiscible solvents,
n-octanol and water. It is defined by the following equation:
Log P = Log
"A,0
~A,H2O
C, _ = concentration of compound in oil phase
A f \J
= concentration of compound in water phase
where
,.
A ,
Log P varies with temperature and solute concentration. The
temperature of determination is assumed to be 25°C, although in
many cases the temperature and method of determination is not
known .
Log P measures the affinity of a compound for oil and water
phases, as such it is a useful parameter for predicting the bio-
concentration potential of compounds and sorption of compounds
by organic soils where experimental values are not available.
It is also used to determine the applicability of solvent ex-
traction as a treatment alternative. Increasing values favoring
strong bioaccumulation, adsorption and solvent extraction
potentials.
Date: 12/5/79
1.1-3
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1.1.2.3 Carbon Adsorption Data
Batch equilibrium carbon adsorption isotherm data were used to
determine the effectiveness of carbon in adsorbing organic com-
pounds. The adsorption isotherm is the relationship, at a given
temperature and other conditions, between the amount of a sub-
stance adsorbed and its equilibrium concentration in the surround-
ing solution.
The carbon adsorption data were plotted according to the
Freundlich equation. While this equation is empirical it is
none-the-less widely used and has been found to describe ad-
equately the adsorption process in dilute solution. The
Freundlich equation has the form:
y
t=KCf
The data were fitted to the logarithmic form of the above
equation, which has the form:
log | = log K + 1/n log Cf
where
X = C - Cf = initial concentration of solute in
mg/L minus final concentration in
solution at equilibrium
M = weight in grams of adsorbent (carbon)
Cf = final concentration of solute in mg/L at
equilibrium
K = intercept at Cf = 1 (log Cf = O)
1/n = slope of the line
For the dilute solutions in this study, this equation yields a
straight line with a slope of 1/n and an intercept equal to the
value of K when Cf = 1 (log Cf = o) . The intercept is roughly
an indicator of adsorption capacity and the slope, 1/n, of ad-
sorption intensity. The concentration of compound on the carbon
in equilibrium with a concentration Cf is given by the ?! value,
expressed as mg compound/gram of carbon. M
Figures 1 and 2 are presented to illustrate the interpretation
of adsorption isotherms. In Figure 1, the isotherm for Carbon A
is at a high level and has only a slight slope. This means that
adsorption is large over the entire range of concentrations
studied. The fact that the isotherm for Carbon B in Figure 1 is
Date: 12/5/79 1.1-4
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X
CARBON A.
CARBON B
Figure 1. Adsorption isotherm, Carbon A and B,
CARBON Cv
Figure 2. Adsorption isotherm, Carbon C,
Date: 12/5/79
1.1-5
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at a lower level indicates proportionally less adsorption, al-
though adsorption improves at higher concentrations over that at
low concentrations. An isotherm having a steep slope, Carbon D,
indicates that adsorption is good at high concentrations, but
much less at low concentration.
For most compounds, the isotherm test was conducted at neutral
pH. For those compounds that were expected to show an effect
of pH the test was conducted at acid and/or basic pH as well as
at neutral. The actual pH's are shown on the data sheets along
with type of carbon used.
The adsorbability, defined as the carbon dose required to reduce
a pollutant concentration from 10 mg/L to 1 mg/L at neutral pH,
is also reported and serves as a basis for comparing individual
compounds.
1.1.2.4 Biodegradability
The entry for biodegradability includes descriptive information
on biological system utilized, measurement method, removals
achieved and rate of removal. Biodegradability data are pre-
sented where available so as to give a qualitative indication
as to whether or not a compound is amenable to biological oxida-
tion. Test procedures varied as to length of time, degree of
acclimation of seed organisms, and system utilized. In addition,
other removal mechanisms such as vaporization and adsorption into
sludge may have interfered with test results. These effects can
not be clearly differentiated for the references used and their
influence was not determined.
1.1.2.5 Metal Precipitation/Coagulation Properties
Solubility curves are given to illustrate the effect of lime
softening and chemical coagulation on metals removal. Percent
removal of metal is plotted as a function of coagulant dose,
initial metal concentration and pH of the treated water.
Date: 12/5/79 1.1-6
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1.2 POLLUTANT SELECTION
Pollutants selected for study in Volume I of the wastewater
treatability manual were taken from the list of 299 compounds
considered in Section 311 of the Water Pollution Control Act.
Selection was based on a consideration of pollutant toxicity and
stability in an aqueous environment. Of the 299 compounds
initially considered, 129 had been previously designated as Toxic
(Priority) Pollutants by the EPA and were included for study.
Ninety-six of the remaining pollutants were found to readily dis-
sociate, volatilize or otherwise degrade in an aqueous environ-
ment and were not considered. This left 74 pollutants that did
not readily degrade or disappear from an aqueous environment.
These were added to the list of 129 toxic pollutants to make a
total of 203 and included for study in Volume I. Other pollutants
will be added for study as time and data availability permits.
In addition, a number of conventional or classical water pollu-
tants not addressed in Volume I are covered in Volumes II and III.
These are listed below.
Total Suspended Solids
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
Chemical Oxygen Demand
Biochemical Oxygen Demand
Oil and Grease
Total Phenols
Total Phosphous
Total Organic Chlorine
Total Organic Carbon
Date: 12/5/79 1.2-1
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rt
n>
Ul
\
VD
INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER DISCHARGES
Flows
Minimum
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Explosives manufacture
Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Porcelain enameling
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Steam electric power generating
(water treatment)
Steam electric power generating
(boiler or steam generator
blowdown)
Steam electric power generating
(maintenance cleaning)
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling)
Steam electric power generating
(drainage)
Steam electric power generating
(air pollution control devices)
Inorganic chemicals manufacturing
Coil coating
Foundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
m3/d
0
4.2
0
0
0
9
0
0
0
0.9
0.64
0
0
53
0.0061
0.00042
0.0010
19
8.6
0.95
0
50
0
0
0
0
Mgal/d
0
0.0011
0
0
0
0.0023
0
0
0
0.00024
0.00017
0
0
0.014
O.OOO0016
0.0000001
0.00000027
0.0049
0.0022
0.00025
0
0.013
0
0
0
0
Mean
m3/d
3
1
5
1
30
37
22
3
25
2
1
180
53
,800
,800
86
,800
1.6
,700
33
4.3
,000
210
8°b
920
,000
240
v>
150b
K
150b
K
300b
V,
,ooob
20
1^
,600 •
,000
480
,700
,500
,000
,000
Mgal/d
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
7
0
0
0
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.0
.50
.023
.5
.00043
.44
.0087
.0011
.9
.057
.021
.24
.7
.063
.039
.039
.080
.022
.0053
.0036
6.6
0
0
0
47
14
.13
.71
.39
Maximum
m3/d
27,000
29,000
46 , 000
93,000
46
7,600
860
350
NA
1,400
410
6,800
NA
1,100
60,000
14,000
19,000
98,000
370
57,000
125,000
1,800
6,700
NA
NA
NA
Mgal/d
7
7
12
25
0
2
0
0
0
0
1
0
15
3
4
26
0
15
33
0
1
.1
.6
.012
.0
.23
.092
NA
.36
.11
.8
NA
.28
.8
.9
.10
.47
.8
NA
NA
NA
References
1
2
3, 4,
6
7,
9
10
11
4, 5,
13,
15
16,
18,
20,
20,
20,
20,
20,
20,
20,
22, 23
24
25,
26, 27
5
28,
5
8
12
14
17
19
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
, 5
5
, 5
5
May include other than strictly process wastewater.
Average of medians for various industry subcategories.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Technical Assistance in the Implementation of the BAT Review
of the Coal Mining Industry Point Source Category (draft
contractor's report). Contracts 68-01-3273, 68-01-4762, and
68-02-2618, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washing-
ton, B.C., March 1979.
2. Technical Study Report BATEA-NSPS-PSES-PSNS - Textile Mills
Point Source Category (draft contractor's report). Contracts
68-01-3289 and 68-01-3884, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, B.C., November 1978.
3. Revised Technical Review of the Best Available Technology,
Best Bemonstrated Technology, and Pretreatment Technology
for the Timber Products Processing Point Source Category
(draft contractor's report). Contract 68-01-4827, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, B.C., October
1978.
4. 1972 Census of Manufacturers. Volume II: Industry Statis-
tics. Part 1: SIC Major Groups 20-26. U.S. Bepartment of
Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Washington, B.C., August
1976.
5. 1972 Census of Manufacturers. Special Report Series: Water
Use in Manufacturing. MC72(SR)-4, U.S. Bepartment of
Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Washington, B.C., September
1975.
6. Braft Bevelopment Bocument Including the Bata Base for the
Review of Effluent Limitations Guidelines (BATEA), New
Source Performance Standards, and Pretreatment Standards
for the Petroleum Refining Point Source Category. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, B.C., March
1978.
7. Bevelopment of Effluent Limitations Guidelines for the Ink
Manufacturing Industry (BATEA, NSPS, Pretreatment) (contrac-
tor's draft engineering report). U.S. Environmental Pro-
tection Agency, Washington, B.C., January 1979.
Bate: 12/5/79 1.3-2
-------
8. Development of Effluent Limitations Guidelines for the Paint
Manufacturing Industry (BATEA, NSPS, Pretreatment) (contrac-
tor's draft engineering report). U.S. Environmental Pro-
tection Agency, Washington, B.C., January 1979.
9. Technical Review of the Best Available Technology, Best
Demonstrated Technology, and Pretreatment Technology for the
Gum and Wood Chemicals Point Source Category (draft contract-
tor's report). Environmental Science and Engineering, Inc.
10. Review of the Best Available Technology for the Rubber Proc-
essing Point Source Category. Contract 68-01-4673, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., July
1978.
11. Technical Review of the BAT Analysis of the Explosives
Industry (draft contractor's report). U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., April 1979.
12. Preliminary Data Base for Review of BATEA Effluent Limita-
tions Guidlines, NSPS, and Pretreatment Standards for the
Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard Point Source Category. Contract
68-01-4624, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington,
D.C., June 1979.
13. Technical Support Document for Auto and Other Laundries
Industry (draft contractor's report). Contract 68-03-2550,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.,
August 1979.
14. Status Report on the Treatment and Recycle of Wastewaters
from the Car Wash Industry (draft contractor's report).
Contract 68-01-5767, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington, D.C., July 1979.
15. Development Document for Effluent Limitations Guidelines
and Standards for the Porcelain Enameling Point Source
Category. EPA-440/l-79/072a, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., August 1975.
16. Effluent Limitations Guidelines for the Pharmaceutical Manu-
facturing Industry (draft contractor's report). U.S. Envi-
ronmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., May 1979.
17. Development Document for Interim Final Effluent Limitations
Guidelines and Proposed New Source Performance Standards for
the Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Point Source Category. EPA
440/1-75/060, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washing-
ton, D.C., December 1976. 344 pp.
Date: 12/5/79 1.3-3
-------
18. Development Document for Effluent Limitations Guidelines
and New Source Performance Standards for the Ore Mining
and Dressing Point Source Category, Volumes I and II. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. , July
1978.
19. 1972 Census of Mineral Industries. Subject Series: Water
Use in Mineral Industries. MIC72(l)-2, U.S. Department of
Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Washington, D.C., September
1975.
20. Draft Technical Report for Revision of Steam Electric Effluent
Limitations Guidelines. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington, D.C., September 1978. 607 pp.
21. Supplement for Pretreatment to the Development Document for
the Steam Electric Power Generating Point Source Category.
EPA-440/1-77/084, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington, D.C., April 1977. 224 pp.
22. Draft Development Document for Inorganic Chemicals Manufac-
turing Point Source Category - BATEA, NSPS, and Pretreatment
Standards (draft contractor's report). Contract 68-01-4492,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Effluent Guidelines
Division, Washington, D.C., April 1979.
23. Supplement for Pretreatment to the Development Document for
the Inorganic Chemicals Manufacturing Point Source Category.
EPA-440/1-77/087A, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington, D.C., July 1977.
24. Development Document for Effluent Limitations Guidelines and
Standards for the Coil Coating Point Source Category.
EPA 440/l-79/071a, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Effluent Guidelines Division, Washington, D.C., August 1979.
25. Foundry Industry (draft contractor's report). Contract 68-
01-4379, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington,
D.C., May 1979.
26. Development Document for Proposed Effluent Limitations
Guidelines, New Source Performance Standards, and Pretreat-
ment Standards for the Leather Tanning and Finishing Point
Source Category. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Effluent Guidelines Division, Washington, D.C., July 1979.
27. Effluent Guidelines and Standards for Leather Tanning and
Finishing. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 40 CFR
425; 39FR 12958, April 9, 1974.
Date: 12/5/79 1.3-4
-------
28. Development Document for Effluent Limitations Guidelines
and Standards for the Nonferrous Metals Manufacturing Point
Source Category. Effluent Guidelines Division, Office of
Water and Waste Management, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, September 1979.
Date: 12/5/79 1.3-5
-------
-------
Compound; Antimony Formula; Sb
Alternate Names II] Antimony black, Antimony regulas
CAS #; 7440-36-0
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [2-4]
at. wt.: 121.8 m.p., °C: 630 b.p. (760torr), °C: 1,380
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Negligible
solubility in water, mg/L: Antimonic acid and antimony oxides are very
slightly soluble
common oxidation states: +5, +3, -3
Probable Fate [2]
photolysis: Not important under natural conditions (<100°C)
oxidation: Present as soluble oxide or antimonite salts under natural
redox conditions
hydrolysis: Oxide or antimonic acid formed by hydrolysis
volatilization: Not important under natural redox conditions
sorption: Adsorbed to clays; coprecipitates with iron and aluminum compounds
biological processes: Slight bioaccumulation and probable biomethylation
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Precipitation/Coagulation Properties: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.4.1-1
-------
D
Ol
ft
fD
NJ
\
Ul
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ANTIMONY
a,b
H
Raw wastewater
Concentrat ion ,
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Explosives manufacture
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Auto and other laundries
Porcelain enameling
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Steam electric power generating
(water treatment)
Steam electric power generating
(boiler or steam generator blowdown)
Steam electric power generating
(maintenance cleaning)
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling)
Steam electric power generating
(air pollution control devices)
Steam electric power generating
(drainage)
Inorganic chemical manufacturing
Coil coating
Foundries
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
<2
NA
ND
BDL
<1
BDL
ND
98 . ,
ND £
<50
BDL
NA
NA
NA
5
90
NA
NA
3 , 000g
ND
ND
NA
Maximum
J4
170
350
47
360
2,200
1,800
22,000
28
200
10
NA
NA
NA
7
2,300
NA
1,115
3,0009
900
80,000
300
pg/L
Mean
<10
7d
70
2e
<9d
190
86
1,100
6.43
88
5
5,000C
NA
NA
6
1,200
NA
NA
3 , 000g
270
5,600
140
Loading,0 kg/d
Minimum
0
2.9 x 10~5
0
0
0
0
7.7 x 10~5
0.00070
0
0
0.00026
3.1 x 10~s
NA
NA
0.00011
0.0011
NA
0
0.15
0
0
0
Maximum
0.26
0.20
0.024
0.092
0.84
0.0087
0.12
0.088
0.19
NA
0.0055
300
NA
NA
0.13
68
NA
70
5.4
1.8
NA
NA
Mean
0.038
0.013
0.00030
0.00017
0.052
0.00030
0.018
0.45
0.0059
<3.3
0.0012
0.75
NA
NA
0.59
.
4.3
NA
14
1.4
0.73
297
25
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not. available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean poll'itant concentration by industry wastewater dis-
^harges as reported in Section 1.3, where mean is not available 1/2 th*> reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
Average of medians reported for various industry segments or subcategories.
f
Average of maximums reported for various industry segments or subcategories.
g
One sample.
-------
o
0)
d-
(D
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ANTIMONY
a,b
I
u>
Treated wastewater
Concentration, \iq/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Explosives manufacture
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Auto and other laundries
Porcelain enameling
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Iron and steel manufactuing
Foundries
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
<2
NA
NA
BDL
<1
BDL
1.0
ND
ND
<0.2
NA
<20
ND
Maximum
16
680
NA
14
370
180
20
3,300
90
3.8
400
400
4,000
Mean
-------
D
PJ
rt-
(D
01
VD
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR ANTIMONY
a,b
Treatment process
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation with chemical addition (calcium
chloride, polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition (Fe2 , lime)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (BaCl2)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (line)
Aerated lagoons
Ozonation
Activated sludge
Powdered activated carbon adsorption
Powdered activated carbon adsorption (with
activated sludge)
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Reverse osmosis
Synthetic wastewater Actual
Removal Average Removal
range, achievable range,
% cone . , ug/L %
NA
47-89
od-e
6d
26-89
44-98
8-30
44d
70d
od-e
oe
38-83
82d
oe
30-90
od'e
d
5°
12-33
26-60
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , pg/L
290
<78
e
2,200d
320
310
13
43d
<50d
-e
_e
30
30d
e
46
e
H
41°
160
77
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
III. 4.1
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 6
III. 4. 2
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 5. 3
III. 6. 14
III. 5.1
III. 6. 2
III. 6. 2
III. 6.1
III. 6. 9
aSee Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
eActual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Fairchild, E. J., R. J. Lewis, Sr., and R. L. Tatken. Registry of Toxic
Effects of Chemical Substances, Volume II. NIOSH-78-104B, National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1977.
p. 105.
2. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume II, Metals and Inorganics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 5-1 - 5-7.
3. The Chemical Rubber Company. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 48th
Edition. Cleveland, Ohio, 1967. p. B-100.
4. CRC Press, Inc. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 58th Edition.
Cleveland, Ohio, 1977. p. B-91.
Date: 8/13/79 1.4.1-5
-------
-------
Compound; Arsenic
Formula: As
Alternate Names [1] : Arsen (German, Polish)
CAS #; 7440-38-2
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [2, 3]
at. wt.: 74.9
m.p.
°C: 817
b.p. (760 torr) , °C: Sublimes
at 613
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Negligible
solubility in water, mg/L: As2O5, 1.05 x 106 at 16°C; As203, 3.7 x 10" at 20°C
common oxidation states: +5, +3, 0, -3
Probable Fate [2]
photolysis: Not important
oxidation: Under reducing condition, As is a stable solid; dissolved arsenic
acid is present in oxygenated water
hydrolysis: Hydrolyzed to arsenious and arsenic acid forms (soluble)
volatilization: Not important under natural redox conditions
sorption: As is removed by clays, iron and manganese oxides, and aluminum
biological processes: Bioaccumulated, but not biomagnified; biotransformed
to organic arsenicals
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Precipitation/Coagulation Properties [4]
100
80
s
60
at 40
20
As(VI FERRIC SULFATE COAGULATION
\S (III) FERRIC SULFATE COAGULATION
As (V) ALUM COAGULATION
6 7 8
pH OF TREATED WATER
10
Date: 8/13/79
1.4.2-1
-------
D
0>
ft
(D
N)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ARSENIC
a,b
NJ
I
Raw wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Auto and other laundries
Porcelain enameling
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Steam electric power generating
(water treatment)
Steam electric power generating
(boiler or steam generator blowdown)
Steam electric power generating
(maintenance cleaning)
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling)
Steam electric power generating
(air pollution control devices)
Steam electric power generating
(drainage)
Inorganic chemicals manufacturing
Coil Coating
Foundries
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
<2
NA
BDL
3
BDL
<10
ND
5 ' '
ND '
<1
4
NA
NA
5
BDL
<4
NA
NA
759
ND
ND
NA
Maximum
250
200
14,000
480
800
110
1,600
2,800
120
110
35
NA
NA
310,000
74
300
NA
9561
759
160
310,000
440
pg/L
Mean
<86
10
10d
<20d
73
<50
68
960
13
<20
7
9,500e
NA
41
9
150
NA
NA
759
29
13,000
120
Loading,0 kg/d
Minimum
0
4.2 x 10~5
0
0
0
0.00045
6.1 x 10~s
0.00061
0
0
0.0004
6 x 10~5
NA
4.1 x 10~8
0.00017
0.00014
NA
0
0.004
0
0
0
Maximum
2.3
0.29
0.46
1.9
0.0033
0.38
0.095
0.39
0.01
NA
0.008
570
NA
0.78
0.88
8.6
NA
60
0.135
0.19
NA
NA
Mean
0.32
0.018
0.00086
0.12
0.00012
0.82
0.014
0.077
0.088
<0.74
0.0017
1.4
NA
0.012
0.20
0.54
NA
12
0.036
0.08
689
22
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater dis-
charges as reported in Section 1.3, where mean is not available 1/2 the reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
eAverage of medians reported for various industry segments.
Average of maximums reported for various industry segments.
9one sample.
-------
o
m
ft
Ul
H
I
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ARSENIC
a,b
Treated
Concentration, pg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Foundries
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
2
NA
BDL
2
NA
NA
3.0
ND
<0.01
NA
<20
ND
Maximum
35
160
6,980
900
NA
176
15
7,200
3.7
400
30
2,900
Mean
7
39
35d
<20d
NA
176
9.8
520
<0.05
48
23
470
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0.00016
0
0
NA
0.00015
0
0
0 NA
0
0
0
Maximum
0.18
1.1
1.6
1.9
NA
0.13
NA
3.5
0.0019
NA
0.15
NA
Mean
0.026
0.070
0.0030
0.12
NA
0.028
0.36
0.47
8.6
0.062
25
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the
Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by
industry wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not
available, one-half the reported maximum was utilized.
Tledian, not average.
One sample.
-------
D
P>
ft
0>
to
Ul
\
VD
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR ARSENIC
a.b
H
K)
\
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Treatment
process
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation with chemical
chloride, polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with
Sedimentation with
Sedimentation with
Sedimentation with
Sedimentation with
Sedimentation with
Sedimentation with
Sedimentation with
Ozonation
Activated sludge
Granular activated
Reverse osmosis
chemical
chemical
chemical
chemical
chemical
chemical
chemical
chemical
addition
addition
addition
addition
addition
addition
addition
addition
addition
addition
(calcium
(alum, polymer)
(alum, lime)
(lime, polymer)
(Fe2"1", lime)
(sulfide)
(BaCl2)
(alum, polymer)
(alum)
(lime)
carbon adsorption
Removal Average Removal
range, achievable range,
% cone . , pg/L %
NA
> 28-80
56d
31->99
68->99
od'e
37-75
>69->99
>99d
17->33
29d
19->37
60->99
24-48
>43->96
21->99
79->99
Average
achievable
cone., pg/L
46
<8.5
3.5d
28
72
e
10
<2
5d
<8.5
12d
32
<16
23
35
11
7.7
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
III.
III.
III.
III.
III.
III.
III.
III.
III.
III.
III.
III.
III.
III.
III.
III.
III.
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
6
5
6
6
.1
.5
.5
.6
.2
.3
.3
.3
.3
.3
.3
.3
.3
.14
.1
.1
.9
aSee Volume III for detailed information.
bNA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
eActual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Fairchild, E. J., R. J. Lewis, Sr., and R. L. Tatken. Registry of Toxic
Effects of Chemical Substances, Volume II. NIOSH-78-104B, National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1977.
p. 108.
2. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants
Volume II, Metals and Inorganics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 6-1 - 6-12.
3. The Chemical Rubber Company. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 48th
Edition. Cleveland, Ohio, 1967. p. B-101.
4. Manual of Treatment Techniques for Meeting the Interim Primary Drinking
Water Regulations. EPA-600/8-77-005, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, May 1977. 73 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.4.2-5
-------
-------
Compound; Asbestos Formula; QaytotUt _ 3Mgo.2sio2«2H2o
Tremolite - C«Mg3(SiO3)«
Alternate Names [1] : Chrysotile, Amosite, crocidoiite - Noao»FeaO3»2Feo»6sio
Amphibole, Crocidoiite,
Tremolite,
Anthophylite
CAS #; 1332-21-4
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties
mol. wt.: Varies m.p., °C: Varies b.p. (760 torr), °C: Unknown
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Negligible
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Not applicable
Probable Fate [2]
photolysis: Asbestos is not photolyzed under environmental conditions
oxidation: Asbestos is resistant to oxidation
hydrolysis: Asbestos is not hydrolyzed under environmental conditions
volatilization: Negligible from aqueous solutions, may be aerosol under windy
conditions
sorption: Does not have an adsorptive affinity for solids normally found in
natural water systems
biological processes: No evidence was found regarding bioaccumulation
other reactions/interactions: Asbestos is refractory in the aquatic
environment
Precipitation/Coagulation Properties; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.4.3-1
-------
D
0)
rt
ro
ui
\
VD
.£».
•
UI
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ASBESTOS
a,b
Raw wastewater
Concentration, 106 fiber s/L
Industry
Petroleum refinery
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Steam electric power generating
(water treatment)
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
NA
4.2 x 106
BDL
NA
2.2 x 10s
Maximum
d
34
1.4 x 107
1.6 x 108
NA
1.3 x 1011
Mean
H
34
3.8 x 10s
BDL
NA
3.1 x 1010
Loading, c 106 fiber s/d
Minimum
0
0
e
NA
0
Maximum
3.2
NA
e
NA
NA
Mean
0.20
1.4 x 107
e
NA
1.6 x 109
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
°Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3, where mean is not available 1/2 the reported maximum was
utilized.
One sample.
6Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
-------
D
0)
rt
NJ
\
en
.
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ASBESTOS3'
Treated wastewater
Concentration, 106 fibers/L Loading,0 106 fibers/d
Industry
Petroleum refining
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
NA
NA
Maximum
NA
1.3 x 10lld
Mean
NA
1.3 x 10lld
Minimum
NA
0
Maximum
NA
NA
Mean
NA
6.9 x 1012
•a
[^ Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the
i Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration
by industry wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean
is not available, one-half the reported maximum was utilized.
dn
One sample.
-------
D
01
rt
Ul
-J
vo
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR ASBESTOS
a,b
Synthetic wastewater
Treatment process
Filtration
Sedimentation
Removal
range ,
%
Average
achievable cone . ,
106 fibers/L
Actual wastewater
Removal
range ,
%
90->99
80->99
Avterage
achievable cone . ,
10G fibers/L
470f
3,000f
Volume III
references,
Section
numbers
III. 4. 6
III. 4. 2
Sedimentation with chemical
addition (lime, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical
addition (BaCl2)
Sedimentation with chemical
addition (lime)
>99d
38-75
95d
8.2d'f
140f
6.1d'f
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"i
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
»
"Actual data indicate negative removal.
Measured in 106 fibers/L.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Fairchild, E. J., R. J. Lewis, Sr., and R. L. Tatken. Registry of Toxic
Effects of Chemical Substances, Volume II. NIOSH-78-104B, National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1977.
p. 114.
2. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume II, Metals and Inorganics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 7-1 - 7-5.
Date: 8/13/79 1.4.3-5
-------
-------
Compound; Beryllium Formula; Be
Alternate Names [1]: Glucinum
CAS tt; 7440-41-7
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [2, 3]
at. wt.: 9.012 m.p., °C: 1,280 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 2,970
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Negligible
solubility in water (30°C), mg/L: BeO, 0.2
common oxidation states: +2
Probable Fate [2]
photolysis: No data found on photolysis of beryllium
oxidation: Not important
hydrolysis: Soluble beryllium salts are hydrolyzed for form insoluble
beryllium hydroxides
volatilization: Airborne dusts are the most widely known hazard associated
with beryllium
sorption: No data found of adsorption of beryllium
biological processes: Beryllium is only slightly bioaccumulated
other reactions/interactions: No data were found relative to aquatic fate on
biotransformation of beryllium or its compounds
Precipitation/Coagulation Properties: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.4.4-1
-------
DJ
ft
(D
KJ
Ul
\
•-J
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BERYLLIUM
a,b
Raw
wastewater
Concentration, vg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Auto and other laundries
Porcelain enameling
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Steam electric power generating
(water treatment)
Steam electric power generating
(boiler or steam generator blowdown)
Steam electric power generating
(maintenance cleaning)
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling)
Steam electric power generating
(air pollution control devices)
Steam electric power generating
(drainage)
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
1
NA
BDL
<1
BDL
ND
1.0
<2
BDL
NA
NA
NA
BDL
<2.0
NA
ND
NA
Maximum
57
40
19
<20
100
15
120
<20
10
NA 5
NA
NA
2.5
180
NA
310
10
Mean
17d
<5
**
<2Q
10
3
20
<8
4.2
,oooe
NA
<10
<1.0
91
4.06
38
7.3
Loading,0 kg/d
Minimum
0
2
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
3
<1
<0
8
3
0
0
.1 x 10~5
.7 x 10~e
.000013
.00022
x 10~5
NA
x lO"8
.000019
.7 x 10-5
.4 x 10"=
Maximum
0.45
0.14
0.18
0.19
0.00046
0.0042
0.0082
NA
0.0046
3006
NA
<0.19
<0.098
5.2
0.0015
NA
NA
Mean
0.064
0.0090
0 . 00034
0.012
1.6 x 10~5
0.00063
0.0016
<0.30
0.001
0.75
NA
<0.003
<0.022
0.33
8 x 10~5
2.0
1.3
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
2
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3, where mean is not available 1/2 the
reported maximum was utilized.
rj
Median, not average.
Average of medians reported for various industry segments.
-------
a
fu
rt
n>
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BERYLLIUM
a,b
Ul
I
oo
Treated wastewater
Concentration, mg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Auto and other laundries
Ore mining and dressing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Non ferrous metals manu-
facturing
Minimum
NA
NA
BDL
<1
BDL
<0.1
<0.002
<20
NA
ND
Maximum
0.001
5
13
<3
20
<5.0
<0.002
<20
10
170
Mean
<0.001
<5d
BQL
<2d
9
2.6
<0.002
<20
76
19
£
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
2.1 x 10 5
e
0
0
2.3 x 10~6
0
0
0
0
Maximum
2.6 x 10"5
0.14
e
0.19
0.00041
0.0036
NA
0.13
NA
NA
Mean
3.8 x 10
0.009
_e
0.012
1.4 x 10
0.00054
7.4 x 10
0.054
14
1.0
"6
5
~5
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
-------
rt
(D
• •
M POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR BERYLLIUM9 'b
NJ
"^
\ Synthetic wastewater
^ Removal Average
range , achievable
Treatment process % cone., \iq/L
Gravity oil separation
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition
H (Fe2 , lime)
f* Sedimentation with chemical addition
*• (alum)
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(lime)
Aerated lagoons
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Reverse osmosis
Actual
Removal
range ,
%
NA
29-71
>87->98
>82->89
od'e
38-76
>50d
oe
>42->85
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , M9/L
2d
1.6
<10
<0.5
e
0.85
-------
REFERENCES
1. Fairchild, E. J., R. J. Lewis, Sr. , and R. L. Tatken. Registry of Toxic
Effects of Chemical Substances, Volume II. NIOSH-78-104B, National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1977.
p. 225.
2. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume II, Metals and Inorganics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 8-1 - 8-7.
3. The Chemical Rubber Company. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 48th
Edition. Cleveland, Ohio, 1967. p. B-102.
Date: 8/13/79 1.4.4-5
-------
-------
Compound: Cadmium Formula; Cd
Alternate Names [1]: Kadmium (German)
CAS #; 7440-43-9
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [2-4]
at. wt.: 112.4
m.p.
°C: 321
b.p. (760 torr), °C: 765
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Negligible
solubility in water, mg/L: CdCl2, 1.40 x 106 at 20°C; CdS, 1.3 at 18 °C;
Cd(OH)2, 26 at 25°C
common oxidation states: +2 (always +2 in water)
Probable Fate [2]
photolysis: It is not an important mechanism in determining fate of cadmium
compounds
oxidation: In reducing condition, Cd may precipitate with reduced sulfur to
form CdS
hydrolysis: Aqueous solutions of cadmium salts are hydrolyzed to form
hydroxide compounds
volatilization: It is not known to form volatile compounds
sorption: Sorption processes are important in determining cadmium transport,
partitioning, and potential for remobilization
biological processes: Accumulates in the tissues of aquatic and marine
organisms at higher concentration
other reactions/interactions: Organic ligands of biological origin may
affect solubility and adsorption
Precipitation/Coagulation Properties [5]
100
i
5
§
to
20
UME SOFTENING -
FERRIC SULFATE COAGULATION
ALUM COAGULATION
I « 10 11
pH OF TREATED WATER
Date: 8/13/79
1.4.5-1
-------
D
0)
n-
(D
Ul
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CADMIUM'
a,b
ui
I
ro
Raw wastewater
Concentration, (jg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Auto and other laundries
Porcelain enameling
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(condennser cooling systems)
Steam electric power generating
(water treatment)
Steam electric power generating
(boiler or steam generator blowdown)
Steam electric power generating
(maintenance cleaning)
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling)
Steam electric power generating
(air pollution control devices)
Steam electric power generating
(drainage)
Inorganic chemicals manufacturing
Coil coating
Foundries
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
2
NA
BDL
<1
BDL
95
NA
ND
ND
ND
<5
BDL
NA
NA
<1.0
BDL
4.0
NA
NA
ND
ND
2.3
NA
Maximum
20
46
10
<220
810
120
720
520
9,600
32
25
200
NA
NA
51
10
110
NA
300
200
740
80,000
1,800
Mean
14d
<5d
1°
<20d
57
110
190
24
740
2.7
<5.7
4.0
5,0006
NA
6.5
2
57
ioe
NA
22
140
5,400
213
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
2.1 x 10-s
0
0
0
0.00099
3.8 x 10~5
2 x 10~B
0.0005
0
0
0.0002
3 x 10~s
NA
6.5 x 10-"
4 x 10~B
5 x 10-'
9 x 10~5
0
0.001
0
0
0
Maximum
0.37
0.14
0.046
1.9
0.0026
0.83
0.16
0.034
0.303
0.018
NA
0.004
300
NA
0.12
0.20
3.2
0.0017
19
0.040
0.94
NA
NA
Mean
0.053
0.0090
8.6 x 10-=
0.12
9.1 x 10~5
0.18
0.0063
0.0050
0.059
0.0025
<0.21
0.0010
0.75
NA
0.002
0.044
0.20
0.0002
3.8
0.011
0.378
286
38
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3, where mean is not available 1/2 the
reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
Average of medians reported for various industry segments.
Average of maximums reported for various industry segments.
-------
ti-
ro
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CADMIUM
a,b
to
\
Ul
-J
vo
en
I
u>
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M9/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Auto and other laundries
Porcelain enameling
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
2
NA
BDL
<1
BDL
NA
NA
<1.0
ND
ND
<0.002
10
NA
ND
Maximum
4
13
7
20
200
NA
1,500
31
2,000
ND
16
840
770
3,000
Mean
2,
**
1*
<2d
24
NA
760
11
650
ND
<0.03
120
270
780
£
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
2.5 x 10"5
0
0
0
NA
0.00015
1.0 x 10"5
0.0004
ND
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.053
0.17
0.046
0.19
0.0011
NA
0.65
0.015
0.27
ND
NA
0.80
NA
NA
Mean
0.0076
0.011
8.6 x 10~5
0.012
3.8 x 10 5
NA
0.025
0.002
0.052
ND
0.001
0.32
49
41
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by
industry wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not
available, one-half the reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
-------
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR CADMIUM
a,b
rt
CD
K)
Ul
\
vo
ui
I
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Treatment process
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation with chemical
chloride, polymer)
Gas flotation with
Gas flotation with
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with
Sedimentation with
Sedimentation with
Sedimentation with
Sedimentation with
Sedimentation with
Sedimentation with
Aerated lagoons
Ultrafiltration
Ozonation
Ion exchange
Activated sludge
Powdered activated
(with activated
chemical
chemical
chemical
chemical
chemical
chemical
chemical
chemical
chemical
addition
addition
addition
addition
addition
addition
addition
addition
addition
addition
Removal Average Removal Average
range, achievable range, achievable
% cone . , pg/L % cone . , pg/L
(calcium
(polymer)
(alum, polymer)
(lime, polymer)
(Fe2+, lime)
(sulfide)
(polymer)
(alum, polymer)
(alum)
(lime)
carbon adsorption
sludge)
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Reverse osmosis
NA
79->98
od'e
od'e
39->99
72->99
27-93
25->50
>50->99
25-50
42-61
44-88
60-99
>97
>83->93
od'e
>99d
31->99
d e
0 '
34-95
13-50
69
17
_e
_e
20
210
<16
6
<9
80
33
>9
>9
<2
<8.3
e
-------
REFERENCES
1. Fairchild, E. J., R. J. Lewis, Sr., and R. L. Tatken. Registry of Toxic
Effects of Chemical Substances, Volume II. NIOSH-78-104B, National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1977.
p. 255.
2. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume II, Metals and Inorganics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 9-1 - 9-13.
3. The Chemical Rubber Company. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 48th
Edition. Cleveland, Ohio, 1967. p. B-104.
4. CRC Press, Inc. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 58th Edition.
Cleveland, Ohio, 1977. pp. B-97, B-98.
5. Manual of Treatment Techniques for Meeting the Interim Primary Drinking
Water Regulations. EPA-600/8-77-005, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, May 1977. 73 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.4.5-5
-------
-------
Formula: Cr
Compound; Chromium
Alternate Names [1]: Chrome (French)
CAS #; 7440-47-3
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [2]
at. wt.: 52.00
m.p.
DC: 1,860
b.p. (760 torr), °C: 2,670
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Negligible
solubility in water (0°C) , mg/L: CrO3, 6.17 x 10s
common oxidation states: +3, +6
Probable Fate [2]
photolysis: Not important
oxidation: Cr(VI) slowly transformed to more stable Cr(III)
hydrolysis: Cr(III) transformed to Cr(OH)3 or Cr203 (both insoluble at
neutral or alkaline pH)
volatilization: Not important
sorption: Cr(VI) adsorbed by organic materials; sorption of Cr(III) ancillary
to precipitation of Cr(OH)3
biological processes: Bioaccumulated by many aquatic organisms and passed on
through the food chain; biotransformation is not
important
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Precipitation/Coagulation Properties [3]
100
£ *
3
ee.
5 60
\
§ 40
ee
ee
of 20
( ALUM COAGULATION (CrIII)
V FERRIC SULFATE COAGULATION (CrIII),
FERROUS SULFATE COAGULATION (CrVI)
-FERRICSULFATE COAGULATION (CrVI)
-ALUM COAGULATION (CrVI)
789
pH OF TREATED WATER
10
11
Date: 8/13/79
1.4.6-1
-------
rt
(D
en
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CHROMIUM'
a,b
cr«
I
to
Concentrat ion ,
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Porcelain enameling
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Steam electric power generating
(water treatment)
Steam electric power generating
(boiler or steam generator blowdown)
Steam electric power generating
(maintenance cleaning)
Steam electric power generating
(ash hauling)
Steam electric power generating
(air pollution control devices)
Steam electric power generating
(drainage)
Inorganic chemicals manufacturing
Coal coating
Foundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Minimum
8
NA
BDL
1
BDL
34
NA
<1§ 4
ND *•
ND
ND
<10
2
20
NA
ND
BDL
10
ND
NA
40
NA
430
Maximum
530
880
14,000
2,000
200,000
1,500
140
24
8,800
840
140
25
560
NA
NA
27,000
1,000
500
17,000
67,000
330,000
430
180,000
Raw
pg/L
Mean
260
14d
2°d
26d
3,400
600
250
<4
180
80
24
<17
30
5, 200e
20e
6,800
19
260
610
NA
36,000
93
130,000
wastewater
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
0
5.9 x 10~5
0
0
0
0.0054
5 x 10~5
0
0.00016
5 x 10~5
0
0
0.016
3.2 x 10~s
8.4 x 10-»e
7 x 10~a
0.0004
0.00024
0.005
0
2
0
0
Maximum
6.9
0.40
0.92
25
0.16
4.5
0.12
NA
0.25
0.033
0.16
NA
0.033
310
0.28
129
2
15
0.22
4,200
65
0.62
NA
Mean
0.98
0.025
0.0017
1.5
0.0054
0.99
0.0046
0.12
0.038
0.006
0.022
<0.63
0.007
0.78
0.003
2
0.42
0.94
0.01
840
17
0.25
195
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wasewater dis-
charges as reported in Section 1.3, where mean is not available 1/2 the reported maximum was utilized.
a
Median, not average.
Average of medians reported for various industry segments.
Average of maximums reported for various industry segments.
-------
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CHROMIUM
a,b
Ul
VD
H
I
co
Concentration,
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Auto and other laundries
Porcelain enameling
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Coil coating
Leather tanning and finishing
Minimum
13
NA
1
1
BDL
88
NA
<5.0
ND
ND
<0.02
<20
NA
ND
3
<20
Maximum
70
1,800
6,600
1,230
30,000
900
220
170
19
23
40
150
95,000
8,000
2,800
20,000
Treated
ng/L
Mean
38,
20H
30H
50d
680
280
110
61
5
7.6
<0.02
33
3,000
750
780
4,200
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
8.4 x 10~5
0
0
0
0.0025
2.2 x 10~5
5.5 x 10"5
3.2 x 10~6
0
0
0
0
0
0.039
0
Maximum
1.0
0.58
1.4
4.6
0.031
2.1
NA
0.085
0.0021
0.052
NA
0.22
NA
NA
1.4
NA
Mean
0.14
0.036
0.0026
0.29
0.0011
0.46
0.36
0.013
0.0004
0.0070
0.00074
0.089
540
40
0-.37
6.3
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
rledian, not average.
-------
D
0>
ft-
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR CHROMIUM3'b
l/l
\
vo
(Ti
I
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
a range. achievable range. c achievable references.
Treatment process % conc . ug/L % cone . ua/L Section numbers
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation
Gas flotation with chemical addition (calcium chloride, polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Filtration. Cr*r'
Filtration, Cr*3
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, IIJM)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime, polymer) . Cr 6
Sedimentation with chemical addition (Fe2*, lime)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (sulfide)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (Bad?)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime) chromium dissolved
Tertiary polishing lagoons
Aerated lagoons
Trickling filters
Ultrafiltration
Ozonation
Ion exchange
Activated sludge
Powdered activated carbon adsorption (with activated sludge)
Powdered activated carbon adsorption (with activated sludge). Cr 6
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Granular activated carbon adsoprtion Cr "
Reverse osmosis
Reverse osmosis Cr 6
Reverse osmosis Cr 3
NA
40-58
51-6?
od-<
19d
36->99
79-^99
o'
91
72d
86-98
41-82
>55->95
>97->99
>96-97
72-93
69-95
69-95
49-97
>99d
>71d
63-99
od-e
67"
od-e
>99d
45-99
87-97
41->64
34-95
>33d
44-^99
Od'e
,99d
1.700
300
330
-e
360d
67
1 .200
_<•
610
nd
120
8 5
<3 3
40
-------
REFERENCES
1. Fairchild, E. J., R. J. Lewis, Sr., and R. L. Tatken. Registry of Toxic
Effects of Chemical Substances, Volume II. NIOSH-78-104B, National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1977.
p. 296.
2. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume II, Metals and Inorganics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 10-1 - 10-12.
3. Manual of Treatment Techniques for Meeting the Interim Primary Drinking
Water Regulations. EPA-600/8-77-005, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, May 1977. 73 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.4.6-5
-------
-------
Compound; Copper Formula; Cu
Alternate Names [1]: Allbri natural copper, Bronze powder, Copper bronze,
C.I. pigment metal 2
CAS #; 7440-50-8
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [2-4]
at. wt.: 63.55 m.p., °C: 1,080 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 2,600
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Negligible
solubility in water (0°C), mg/L: CuCl2, 7.06 x 105
common oxidation states: +1, +2
Probable Fate [2]
photolysis: Not important
oxidation: Cu(I) quickly oxidized in water; transformation Cu(II) to CuO and
Cu2(OH)zCOs very pH-dependent
hydrolysis: CuO and Cua(OH)2CO3 formed, but less effective than sorption
volatilization: Not important
sorption: Sorbed by hydrous iron and manganese oxides, enhanced by complexing
with ligands
biological processes: Bioaccumulated by all organisms, but not biomagnified;
biotransformation not important
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Precipitation/Coagulation Properties; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.4.7-1
-------
rt
(D
tvj
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF COPPER
a,b
Raw wastewater
Concentration, ug/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Explosives manufacture
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Porcelain enameling
pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling systems)
Steam electric power generating
(water treatment)
Steam electric power generating
(boiler or steam generator blowdown)
Steam electric power generating
(maintenance cleaning)
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling)
Steam electric power generating
(air pollution control devices)
Steam electric power generating
(drainage)
Inorganic chemicals manufacturing
Coil coating
Foundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
6
NA
10
31
2
BDL
33
NA
<1
^
I'.O
ND
<20
5
20
20
170 12,
12
<2
ND
NA
ND
ND
35
13 2
NA
Maximum
1,300
2,400
940
1,600
1,400
100,000
6,000
120
40
11,000
12,000
180
100
3,800
NA
190
000,000
80
560
3,400
157,000
480
110,000
740
.1 x 10*
NA
Mean
460
40°
300
23°d
26°
8,000
1,800
200
<13
413
2,500
43
<61
38
14,000B
40
160,000
21
281
880
NA
35
11,000
200
75,000
915
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0.00017
0
0
0
0
0.016
4 x 10~5
0
0.00037
0.0016
0
0
0.002
8 x 10~5
-8
1.7 x 10
0.0002 3
0.00040
0.00027
0.0076
0 9
0.0018
0
0
0
0
Maximum
12
1.1
0.10
10
2.4
0.37
14
0.17
NA
0.58
1.0
0.29
NA
0.042
840
0.56
,040
2.1
16
0.326
,800 2
0.063
74
NA
NA
NA
Mean
1.7
0.072
0.00013
0.020
0.15
0.013
3.0
0.0066
0.39
0.09
0.20
0.040
<2.2
0.009
2.1
0.006
48
0.46
1.0
0.018
,000
0.017
30
0.15
4,000
165
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available: ND - not detected! BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3, where mean is not available 1/2 the
reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
eAverage of medians reported for various industry segments.
Average of maxiraums reported for various industry segements.
-------
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF COPPER
a,b
ft
n>
to
\
in
H
i
OJ
Treated wastewater
Concentration, |jg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Explosives manufacture
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other industries
Porcelain enameling
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Coil coating
Leather tanning and finishing
Minimum
6
NA
18
3
BDL
16
NA
NA
4
21
ND
ND
<0.02
5.7
NA
ND
ND
5
Maximum
9
290
4,000
300
60,000 1,
4,700 1,
NA NA
NA NA
79
330
200
65
910
2,400
76,000
300,000 21,
17
37
Loading, kg/d
Mean Minimum
7,
32^
92d
iod
000
800
17
129
49
21
22
270
780
000
12
15
0
0.00013
0
0
0
0.016
NA
NA
0
0.0012
3.1 x 10"5
0
0
0
0
0
0.006
0
Maximum
0.18
0.92
4.2
0.93
0.046
14
NA
NA
NA
0.18
0.020
0.14
NA
1.8
NA
NA 1
0.022
NA
Mean
0.026
0.058
0.0079
0
0.0016
3.0
NA
NA
0.51
0.027
0.0040
0.019
0.81
0.73
140
,100
0.0058
0.023
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Tledian, not average.
-------
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR COPPER3'b
rr
n>
K)
\
Oi
\
-«J
vo
Treatment process3
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation
Gas flotation with chemical addition (calcium chloride, polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentat ion
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alun, lime)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (Fe2+l lime)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (sulfide)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (BaCl2)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime)
Tertiary polishing lagoons
Aerated lagoons
Trickling filters
Oltrafiltration
Ozonation
Chemical oxidation (chlorination)
Ion exchange
Activated sludge
Powdered activated carbon adsorption (with activated sludge)
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Reverse osmosis
Synthetic wastevater Actual
Removal Average Removal
range. achievable range.
% cone . , |jq/L %
NA
69d
78-91
42-75
19d
40->99
66->99
62-88
87->99
72-92
>98->99
56->89
>62-73
49-80
>64-81
75->99
od-e
49-94
od-e
>73-90
oe
14d
98->99
52->99
52-96
47->85
73->99
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone . . pg/L
100
S
300
66
660d
200
73
36
56
21
260
140
<25
6,900
<37
52
e
40
_e
<700
_e
320d
95
43
17
<66
1.600
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
III. 4.1
III. 4 4
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 6
III. 4. 2
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 5. 3
III. 5. 3
III. 5. 2
HI. 4. 7
III. 6. 14
III. 6. 3
III. 6. 7
III. 5.1
III. 6. 2
III. 6.1
III. 6. 9
*See Volume III for detailed information.
HA - Wot available. ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Fairchild, E. J. , R. J. Lewis, Sr., and R. L. Tatken. Registry of Toxic
Effects of Chemical Substances, Volume II. NIOSH-78-104B, National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1977.
p. 306.
2. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume II, Metals and Inorganics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 11-1 - 11-19.
3. The Chemical Rubber Company. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 48th
Edition. Cleveland, Ohio, 1967. p. B-108.
4. CRC Press, Inc. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 58th Edition.
Cleveland, Ohio, 1977. p. B-lll.
Date: 8/13/79 1.4.7-5
-------
-------
Compound; Cyanides (Total) Formula; • Cyanide ion; CN~
• Hydrogen cyanide; HCN
Alternate Names; None • Nitriles; RCN (R = organic
group)
CAS »; 57-12-5 for cyanide ion/74-90-8 for HCN
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties for HCN [1]
mol. wt.: 27.03 m.p., °C: -13.3 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 25.6
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 620
solubility in water (25°c), mg/L: soluble in all proportions
Probable Fate [2]
photolysis: Presence of titanium dioxide causes rapid photooxidation of
cyanide ion; otherwise, only some metallocyanides are
photodecomposed
oxidation: Strong oxidizing agents are required to oxidize cyanides
hydrolysis: Too slow to compete with other fate mechanisms
volatilization: HCN, which composes almost all the total cyanides under
natural conditions, is very rapidly volatilized
sorption: Cyanides are sorbed by most materials, but highly solublity
precludes strong adsorption
biological processes: Toxicity precludes bioaccumulation; almost all organisms
biodegrade cyanides, but not as rapidly as volitalization
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.4.8-1
-------
D
0)
rt
n>
U1
\
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CYANIDES (Total)
a,b
CO
I
to
Raw wastewater
Concentration,
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Explosives manufacture
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Porcelain enameling
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Steam electric power generating
(water treatment)
Steam electric power generating
(boiler or steam generator blowdown)
Steam electric power generating
(maintenance cleaning)
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling)
Steam electric power generating
(air pollution control devices)
Steam electric power generating
(drainage)
Inorganic chemicals manufacturing
Coil coating
Foundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
NA
NA
10
<5
BDL
9
ND
4 , .
ND ^
<0.02 '
BDL
5
5
NA
BDL
NA
NA
NA
ND
ND
ND
<0.001
NA
Maximum
5
39
2,600
1,500
2,000
21
1,000
140
1,000
<0.02
20
NA
14
NA
22
NA
NA
2,800
18,000
69
100
29
190,000
ug/L
Mean
5,
8d
810,,
<50d
200
10
63
30
181
<0.02
<20
12,000e
10
NA
<20
NA
NA
NA
220
17
33
1.1
5,500
Load ing , c kg/d
Minimum
0
3.4 x 10-=
0
0
0
0
6 x 10-=
2 x 10-=
0
0
<0.0011
7 x 10-=
4.2 x 10r»
NA
0.0004
NA
NA
0
0.011
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.13
0.23
0.28
46
0.0092
NA
0.088
0.012
1.2
NA
<0.022
720
0.14
NA
<2.0
NA
NA
175
0.40
0.11
NA
NA
NA
Mean
0.019
0.014
0.0035
0.29
0.00032
0.30
0.013
0.006
0.17
0.00074
0.005
1.8
0.001
NA
0.44
NA
NA
35
o'.n
0.05
0.05
0.058
9.90
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3, where mean is not available 1/2 the
reported maximum was utilized.
d
Median, not average.
Average of medians reported for various industry segments.
Average of maximums reported for various industry segments.
-------
rt
n>
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CYANIDES (TOTAL)
a,b
M
\
Ul
00
U)
Treated
Concentration, |jg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Explosives manufacture
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Leather tanning and finishing
Minimum
5
NA
5
BDL
NA
9
<0.002
ND
<0.01
1.0
NA
<0.001
10
Maximum
50
980
800
530
NA
89
88
400
81
180
16,000
1.5
400
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Mean Minimum Maximum
10^
12*
30d
40
NA
17
13
44
<0.01
31
580
0.10
110
0
5.0 x 10"5
0
0
NA
0
1.2 x 10"5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.26
0.35
2.8
0.0018
NA
NA
0.018
0.30
NA
0.21
NA
NA
NA
Mean
0.038
0.022
0.17
6.4 x 10~5
NA
0.51
0.0027
0.040
0.00037
0.084
100
0.005
0.17
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
-------
o
(u
rt
(D
to
U1
\
VD
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR CYANIDES (TOTAL)3 ft>
oo
I
Treatment process
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation
Gas flotation with chemical addition (calcium chloride, polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, lime)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime)
Aerated lagoons
Trickling filters
Ultrafiltration
Ozonation
Chemical oxidation
Ion exchange
Activated sludge
Powdered activated carbon adsorption
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Reverse osmosis
Synthetic wastewater Actual
Removal Average Removal
range, c achievable range,*"
% cone. , pg/L %
NA
od-e
2-5
14d
>61d
10->99
31->90
>70-80
69-89
od-e
od'e
45-91
79d
od-e
81-99
84->99
>98->99
18->90
>62-69
57->90
43-97
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone . , pg/L
170
e
290
25d
-------
REFERENCES
1. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 379.
2. Fairchild, E. J., R. J. Lewis, Sr., and R. L. Tatken. Registry of Toxic
Effects of Chemical Substances, Volume II. NIOSH-78-104B, National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1977.
pp. 12-1 - 12-15.
Date: 8/13/79 1.4.8-5
-------
-------
Compound; Lead
Formula: Pb
Alternate Names [1]: Pigment metal 4, Lead flake, Glow (Polish)
CAS #; 7439-92-1
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [2, 3]
at. wt.-. 207.2
m.p.
°C: 328
b.p. (760torr), °C: 1,740
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Negligible
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: PbO, 17; PbCl2, 9.9 x 103
common oxidation states: o, +2, +4
Probable Fate [2]
photolysis: Not important
oxidation/reduction: Pb(IV) readily reduces to Pb(II); solubility control
by PbSOi* at low pH and by PbCOa at high pH
hydrolysis: Not important at pH <11.5
volatilization: Importance of volatilization of (CHaJ^Pb unknown in natural
condition
sorption: Pb removed to sediments effectively by inorganic solids, hydrous
iron oxides and crystalline structures
biological processes: Bioaccumulation by aquatic organisms and biomethylation
by microbes
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Precipitation/Coagulation Properties [4]
100
40
20-
LIME SOFTENING •
FERRIC SULFATE COAGULATION
-ALUM COAGULATION
8 9 10
pH OF TREATED WATER
11
12
Date: 8/13/79
1.4.9-1
-------
o
o
rt
(D
to
\
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF LEAD
a,b
Concentration,
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Explosives manufacture
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Porcelain enameling
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Steam electric power generating
(water treatment)
Steam electric power generating
(boiler or steam generator blowdown)
Steam electric power generating
(maintenance cleaning)
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling)
Steam electric power generating
(air pollution control devices)
Steam electric power generating
(drainage)
Inorganic chemicals manufacturing
Coil coating
Foundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
20
NA
ND
1
2
BDL
11
NA
<1
ND
150
ND
<20
BDL
NA
NA
<10
BDL
10
NA
NA
ND
ND
60
ND
NA
Maximum
70
750
110
91
960
900,000
72
390
38
22,000
880,000
46
60
800
12,000e
NA
5,200
70
520
NA
160,000
2,100
140,000
3,500
2.7 x 107
25,000
Raw
ug/L
Mean
370
35d
25
16d
<60
86,000
20
120
<6
860
2,900
7.9
<45
13
NA
NA
440
30
270
306
NA
230
7,700
680
960,000
3,100
wastewater
Loading,0 kg/d
Minimum
0
0.00015
0
0
0
0
0.00018
2.4 x 10~5
0
0.0007
0.0019
0
0
0.00069
4 x 10~5
NA
4 x 10~7
0.0006
0.0003
0.000266
0
0.011
0
0
0
0
Maximum
9.8
1.0
0.0087
0.74
5.6
3.9
0.15
0 10
NA
1.2
1.2
0.054
NA
0.014
360
NA
8.4
2.9
15
o.oii6
9,800
0.414
5.1
NA
NA
NA
Mean
1.4
0.063
0.00011
0.0014
0.35
0.14
0.033
0.0040
0.18
0.18
0.23
0.0073
<1.7
0.003
0.9
NA
0.13
0.66
0.97
£
0.0006
2,000
0.11
21
1.0
51,000
560
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater dis-
charges as reported in Section 1.3, where mean is not available 1/2 the reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
eAverage of medians reported for various industry segments.
Average of maximums reported for various industry segments.
-------
o
CD
rt
(D
to
en
\
-J
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF LEAD
a,b
I
U)
Treated
Concentration, pg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Explosives manufacture
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other industries
Porcelain enameling
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Coil coating
Leather tanning and finishing
Minimum
<20
NA
BDL
1
BDL
BDL
NA
NA
<1
11
ND
ND
<0.01
10
NA
ND
ND
8
Maximum
270
120
37
107
40,000
19
9e
NA
95
910
3,000
10
560
8,500
5,500
26,000
110
80
Mean
<60
46d
^rj
28°
670
11
9e
NA
<14
255
700
2.0
<0.10
840
480
4,000
38
43
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0.00019
0
0
0
0.000099
1.8 x 10"6
NA
0
0.00023
0.00045
0
0
0
0
0
0.0019
0
Maximum
1.6
1.3
0.18
2.6
0.031
0.083
0.0077
NA
NA
0.36
0.29
0.014
NA
5.6
NA
NA
0.068
NA
Mean
0.23
0.0072
0.00034
0.16
0.0011
0.0017
0.00030
NA
0.42
0.054
0.056
0.0018
0.0037
2.3
86
210
0.018
0.065
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concetration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.2; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Tledian, not average.
One sample.
-------
D
CJ
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VD
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR LEAD*'1*
H
Treatment process3
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation
Gas flotation with chemical addition (calcium chloride, polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, lime)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (Fe2 , lime)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (sulfide)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (BaCl2)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime)
Tertiary polishing lagoons
Aerated lagoons
Trickling filters
Ultrafiltration
Ozonation
Chemical oxidation
Ion exchange
Activated sludge
Powdered activated carbon adsorption (with activated sludge)
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Reverse osmosis
Synthetic wastewater Actual
Removal Average Removal
range, achievable range,
% cone., jjg/L %
NA
49-82
97-98
15->29
od-e
36->99
69->99
50d
>72-98
>40->96
>93-96
>52-97
42-83
>74->96
6-18
60-99
>72d
86-93
od-e
>74->95
>29d
od'e
99d
49-99
39->78
14->72
31->99
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone . , pg/L
150
110
ISO
<40
e
140
420
<200d
210
<3
100
77
40
<320
120
51
-------
REFERENCES
Fairchild, E. J., R. j. Lewis, Sr. , and R. L. Tatken. Registry of Toxic
Effects of Chemical Substances, Volume II. NIOSH-78-104B, National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1977.
p. 515.
Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume II, Metals and Inorganics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 13-1 - 13-21.
The Chemical Rubber Company. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 48th
Edition. Cleveland, Ohio, 1967. p. B-118.
Manual of Treatment Techniques for Meeting the Interim Primary Drinking
Water Regulations. EPA-600/8-77-005, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, May 1977. 73 pp.
Date::V 8/13/79 1.4.9-5
-------
-------
Compound : Mercury Formula ; Hg
Alternate Names [1] : Quick silver; Liquid silver
CAS #; 7439-97-6
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [2-4]
at. wt.: 200.6 m.p. , °C: 38.9 b.p. (760 torr) , °C: 357
vapor pressure (25°C) , torr: 0.0012
solubility in water, mg/L: HgO, 53 at 25°C; HgS (a), 0.01 at 18°C;
HgS (6), insoluble; HgCl2, 6.9 x 10a at 20°C
common oxidation states: +1, +2
Probable Fate [2]
photolysis : Breakdown of atmospheric dimethyl mercury to methyl mercury of
slight importance
oxidation/reduction: Oxidation of metallic mercury forms ionic mercury
(later adsorbed) ; reduction forms HgS precipitate
hydrolysis : Not important
volatilization: Metallic Hg, methylated Hg, and adsorbed Hg all volatilizable
sorption: Hg is adsorbed by most particles, buried in sediment, and reduced
to HgS
biological processes: Bioaccumulated by all organisms and readily methylated
metabolically
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Precipitation/ Coagulation Properties [5]
100
»
60
40
20
-FERRIC SULFATE COAGULATION
LIME SOFTENING
WITH
SUPPLEMENTARY
COAGULATION
LIME SOFTENING
8 9 10
pH OF TREATED WATER
11
12
Date: 8/13/79
1.4.10-1
-------
CJ
pj
rt
(D
NJ
Ln
\
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF MERCURY
a,b
M
O
I
Raw wastewater
Concentration, pg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper, paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Porcelain enameling
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling systems)
Steam electric power generating
(water treatment)
Steam electric power generating
(boiler or steam generator blowdown)
Steam electric power generating
(maintenance cleaning)
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling)
Steam electric power generating
(air pollution control devices)
Steam electric power generating
(drainage)
Coil coating
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Inorganic chemicals manufacturing
Minimum
NA
NA
BDL
<0.1
BDL
NA
<1
ND
1
ND
<0.5
0.17
NA
NA
0.02
BDL
0.1
NA
<10
-------
ft
fD
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF MERCURY
a,b
to
\
Ul
-J
vo
o
I
Treated wastewater
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Concentration, ug/L
Minimum
NA
NA
BDL
<0.1
BDL
NA
NA
<0.2
ND
<0.001
0.3
NA
ND
Maximum
0.001
0.7
2
6
4,400
4.7
1
5.6
6.4
28
<20
500
12
Mean
-------
G
PJ
rt
0>
Ul
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR MERCURY
a,b
O
I
Treatment process
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation
Gas flotation with chemical addition (calcium chloride, polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Filtration
Sediment at ion
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, lime)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (Fe2 , lime)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (sulfide)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (BaCl2)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime)
Aerated lagoons
Ultrafiltration
Activated sludge
Powdered activated carbon adsorption
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Reverse osmosis
Synthetic wastewater Actual
Removal Average Removal
range,0 achievable range,0
% cone., ug/L %
NA
od'e
>68->90
33d
45-86
50->99
71
od-e
>30->60
>99d
>62-99
87d
71-86
>34->62
35->96
>99d
15-20
30-87
od'e
33->99
22->60
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , pg/L
1.4
e
<0.8
ld
340
6.1
2
e
<0.2
20d
70
0.5d
5,200
<76
1.4
o.id
0.6
<0.8
e
1.6
0.5
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
III. 4.1
III. 4. 4
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 6
III. 4. 2
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 5. 3
III. 4. 7
III. 5.1
III. 6. 2
III. 6.1
III. 6. 9
aSee Volume III for detailed information.
bNA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
""Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Fairchild, E. J., R. J. Lewis, Sr., and R. L. Tatken. Registry of Toxic
Effects of Chemical Substances, Volume II. NIOSH-78-104B, National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1977.
p. 526.
2. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume II, Metals and Inorganics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 14-1 - 14-13.
3. The Chemical Rubber Company. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 48th
Edition. Cleveland, Ohio, 1967. p. B-120.
4. CRC Press, Inc. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 58th Edition.
Cleveland, Ohio, 1977. p. B-132.
5. Manual of Treatment Techniques for Meeting the Interim Primary Drinking
Water Regulations. EPA-600/8-77-005, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, May 1977. 73 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.4.10-5
-------
-------
Compound t Nickel Formula; Ni
Alternate Names [1]: Nickel sponge, Pulverized nickel, Raney nickel,
Carbonyl nickel powder
CAS #: 7440-02-0
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [2, 3]
at. wt.: 58.71 m.p., °C: 1,450 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 2,730
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Negligible
solubility in water, mg/L: NiS, 3.6 at 18°C; NiCl2, 6.42 x 105 at 20°C
common oxidation states: +2
Probable Fate [2]
photolysis: Not important
oxidation: Under reducing conditions with sulfur, NiS is formed; otherwise
unimportant
hydrolysis: Hydrolysis under natural conditions removes no nickel from
solution
volatilization: Not important
sorption: Ni coprecipitates with hydrous metal oxides, and to a lesser degree
is adsorbed by organic matter and incorporated in crystalline
minerals
biological processes: Slightly bioaccumulated; no biotransformation noted
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Precipitation/Coagulation Properties; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.4.11-1
-------
D
0)
rt
to
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\
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF NICKEL
a,b
I
K)
Concentration ,
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Explosives manufacture
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper, paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Porcelain enameling
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Steam electric power generating
(water treatment)
Steam electric power generating
(boiler or steam generator blowdown)
Steam electric power generating
(maintenance cleaning)
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling)
Steam electric power generating
(air pollution control device)
Steam electric power generating
(drainage)
Inorganic chemicals manufacturing
Coil coating
Foundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manfacturing
Minimum
<5
NA
ND
3
1
BDL
19
NA
<1 '
ND
250
ND
<20"
"°
4
30
NA
ND
2.5
50
ND
NA
ND
ND
5
NA
ND
Maximum
1,000
300
100
270
771
40,000
100
590
;, 29
F 2,400
67,000
200
<75
200
NA
NA
900,000
490
1,500
ND
110,000
3,200
NA
100
120,000
3.1 x 10«
Raw
yg/L
Mean
<550
54
50
15d
40
530
38
210
<5
130
14,000
35
<33
22
6,600C
30
89,000
34
780
ND
NA
400
200
52
5,000
91,000
wastewater
Loading,0 kg/d
Minimum
0
0.00023
0
0
0
0
0.00034
4.2 x 10~5
0
0.00011
0.009
0
0
0.0011
0.00004
1.3 X 10~e
8.9 x 10~s
0.00065
0.00074
ND
0
0.02
0
0
0
0
Maximum
14
1.6
0.017
0.69
3.7
0.024
0.29
0.18
NA
0.027
5.7
0.24
NA
0.024
396
0.42
1,691
3.3
44
ND
6,875
0.72
1.3
NA
NA
NA
Mean
2.1
0.097
0.00021
0.0013
0.23
0.00085
0.063
0.0069
0.15
0.027
1.1
0.032
1.2
0.0053
1.0
0.0045
26.7
0.75
2.8
ND
1,375
0.19
0.54
0.30
900
4,800
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater dis-
charges as reported in Section 1.3, where mean is not available 1/2 the reported maximum was utilized.
d
Median, not average.
6Average of medians reported for various industry segments.
Average of maximums reported for various industry segments.
-------
D
P)
rt
(D
ro
\
en
I
co
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF NICKEL
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration , jjg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Explosives manufacture
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Porcelain enameling
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Coil coating
Leather tanning and finishing
Minimum
<5
NA
2
<1
BDL
43
NA
NA
<1
23
ND
ND
<0.05
<20
NA
ND
ND
4
Maximum
100
150
150
74
80,000
1,100
NA
NA
17
330
1,000
110
2.4
130
6,800
310,000
120
34
Mean
<14^
70H
18H
<15d
1,800
380
NA
NA
<6.3
76
560
31
<0.97
41
750
24,000
30
24
^
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0.00029
0
0
0
0.0034
NA
NA
0
6.8 x 10~5
0.00036
0
0
0
0
0
0.0015
0
Maximum
0.37
2.0
0.83
1.4
0.083
2.9
NA
NA
NA
0.11
0.23
0.21
NA
0.27
NA
NA
0.054
NA
Mean
0.053
0.13
0.0015
0.087
0.0029
0.63
NA
NA
0.19
0.016
0.045
0.028
0.036
0.11
140
1,300
0.014
0.035
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
-------
D
01
rt
(D
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Ul
\
vo
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR NICKEL
a,b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Treatment process
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation
Gas flotation with chemical
Gas flotation with
Gas flotation with
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with
Sedimentation with
Sedimentation with
Sedimentation with
Sedimentation with
Sedimentation with
Sedimentation with
Sedimentation with
Sedimentation with
Sedimentation with
Aerated lagoons
Oltrafiltration
Ozonation
Ion exchange
Activated sludge
Powdered activated
Granular activated
Reverse osmosis
chemical
chemical
chemical
chemical
chemical
chemical
chemical
chemical
chemical
chemical
chemical
chemical
addition
addition
addition
addition
addition
addition
addition
addition
addition
addition
addition
addition
addition
carbon adsorption
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
% cone., pg/L % cone., ug/L Section numbers
(calcium chloride, polymer)
(polymer)
(alum,
(alum,
(lime,
(lime,
(Fe2+,
polymer)
lime)
polymer)
polymer) Ni dissolved
lime)
(sulfide)
(polymer)
(alum,
(alum)
(lime)
(lime)
(with
polymer)
Ni dissolved
activated sludge)
carbon adsorption
NA
od'e
>65->94
oe
41d
31->99
59->99
>83d
86-96
99d
>35->95
>88-96
35d
35->97
>27->56
40-99
>99d
17-50
>32d
oe
>99
29-92
19->58
17-68
46->98
69
e
'73
e
270d
64
<180
-------
REFERENCES
1. Fairchild, E. J., R. J. Lewis, Sr., and R. L. Tatken. Registry of Toxic
Effects of Chemical Substances, Volume II. NIOSH-78-104B, National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1977.
p. 590.
2. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume II, Metals and Inorganics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 15-1 - 15-14.
3. The Chemical Rubber Company. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 48th
Edition. Cleveland, Ohio, 1967. p. B-123.
Date: 8/13/79 1.4.11-5
-------
-------
Compound; Selenium Formula; Se
Alternate Names [1]: Selenium dust
CAS ft; 7782-49-2
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [2, 3]
at. wt.: 78.96 m.p., °C: 217 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 685
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Negligible
solubility in water (14°C), mg/L: Se02, 3.84 x 105; Se03 decomposes, very
soluble
common oxidation states: 2, 0, +4, +6
Probable Fate [2]
photolysis: Not important
oxidation: In aerobic waters, soluble anions are formed; under reducing con-
ditions, selenium or metal selenides (insoluble) go into sediment,
possibly forming volatile HzSe
hydrolysis: SeOt*"2, SeOt*~2, and HSeOa" (all soluble) are formed
volatilization: HsSe can be formed; volatilization can also follow
biomethylation
sorption: Adsorbed by hydrous metal oxides (strongly), clays, and organic
chemicals, but only a small percentage of total Se is sorbed
biological processes: Bioaccumulation by many species; possible biological
redox reactions, and some biomethylation
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Precipitation/Coagulation Properties [4]
too
w
40
FERRIC SULFAU COAGULATION
• 9 10
PH OF TREATED WATER
Date: 8/13/79
1.4.12-1
-------
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•x
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VO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF SELENIUM
a,b
I
10
Raw wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Auto and other laundries
Porcelain enameling
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Steam electric power generating
(water treatment)
Steam electric power generating
(boiler or steam generator blowdown)
Steam electric power generating
(maintenance cleaing)
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling)
Steam electric power generating
(air pollution control devices)
Steam electric power generating
(drainage)
Inorganic chemicals manufacturing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
2
NA
BDL
<1
NA
NA
ND
1 '
ND $
<5
<5
NA
NA
<2
3
<0.6
NA
NA
ND
NA
ND
Maximum
34
740
53
<20
11
20
120
160,000
60
<30
28
NA
NA
24
42
2,700
NA
93
NA
670
240,000
yg/L
Mean
6d
35
3e
<8
11
11
5
9,800
6
<8.3
9
58,0006
NA
2
8
1,400
NA
NA
<8
67
950
Loading, c kg/d
0
0
0
0
9
2
4
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
Minimum
.00015
.9 x 10~5
.2 x 10~6
.5 x lO-6
.006
.00048
.00035
NA
x 10-"7
.00015
.001
NA
Maximum
0.16
1.0
0.14
0.74
0.083
0.0095
0.007
4
0.041
NA
0.010
3,480
NA
0.038
0.78
80
NA
5.9
<0.054
NA
NA
Mean
0.023
0.063
0.00026
0.046
0.018
0.00036
0.001
0.80
0.005
0.30
0.0022
8.7
NA
0.0006
0.18
5
NA
1.1
<0.022
12
50
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume IT of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c*
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3, where mean is not available 1/2 the reported maximum was
utilized.
Median, not average.
Average of medians reported for various industry segments.
Average of maximums reported for various industry segments.
-------
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF SELENIUM
a,b
to
Ul
\
\£>
to
I
CO
Treated
Concentration, M9/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Auto and other laundries
Porcelain enameling
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manu-
facturing
Minimum
<2
NA
BDL
<2
BDL
NA
<1.0
ND
ND
<0.003
9.5
NA
ND
Maximum
20
97
39
27
19
24
7.0
84
310
.15
<20
630
2,300
Mean
<4,
47H
1*
<16d
10
13
3.8
20
34
<0.0050
18.5
45
180
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0.00020
0
0
0.000096
2.6 x 10"6
3.4 x 10~5
1.3 x 10~5
0
NA
0
0
0
Maximum
0.11
1.3
0.046
1.5
0.076
0.011
0.0053
0.0082
0.23
0.00020
0.12
NA
NA
Mean
0.015
0.085
8.6 x 10"5
0.093
0.016
0.00043
0.00080
0.0016
0.031
0.05
8.1
9.5
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by
industry wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not
available, one-half the reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
-------
0
0)
ft
to
\
Ul
-J
VD
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR SELENIUM'
,a,b
Treatment process3
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation
Gas flotation with chemical addition (calcium chloride, polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (alum, polymer
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (Fe2 , lime)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (BaCl2)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime)
Tertiary polishing lagoons
Aerated lagoons
Activated sludge
Powdered activated carbon adsorption (with activated sludge)
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Reverse osmosis
Synthetic wastewater Actual
Removal Average Removal
range, achievable range,
% cone., pg/L %
NA
od-e
od-e
od-e
2-10
60->99
oe
18-24
od'e
oe
44d
>50d
od13
17->50
>76-85
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone., pg/L
20
e
e
_e
48
<20
e
20
e
e
~l8d
<200d
e
<30
19
5.5
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
III. 4.1
III. 4. 4
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 6
III. 4. 2
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 5. 3
III. 5. 3
III. 5.1
III. 6. 2
III. 6.1
III. 6. 9
See Volume III for detailed information.
bMA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Fairchild, E. J., R. J. Lewis, Sr., and R. L. Tatken. Registry of Toxic
Effects of Chemical Substances, Volume II. NIOSH-78-104B, National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1977.
p. 852.
2. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume II, Metals and Inorganics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 16-1 - 16-9.
3. CRC Press, Inc. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 58th Edition.
Cleveland, Ohio, 1977. p. B-46.
4. Manual of Treatment Techniques for Meeting the Interim Primary Drinking
Water Regulations. EPA-600/8-77-005, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, May 1977. 73 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.4.12-5
-------
-------
Compound; Silver Formula; Ag
Alternate Names [1]: Argentium, Shell silver
CAS #; 7440-22-4
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [2, 3]
at. wt.: 107.9 m.p., °C: 962 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 2,210
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Negligible
solubility in water, mg/L: Ag2O, 13 at 20°C; AgCl, 0.89 at 10°C
common oxidation states: +1 (principal state), +2, +3
Probable Fate [2]
photolysis: Not important in aquatic environment
oxidation: Ag and Ag+ compounds (most insoluble) only forms usually present
(both precipitate)
hydrolysis: Important only at high pH, where Ag2O may precipitate
volatilization: Not important
sorption: Strongly sorbed by MnO2, then released in saline water; some sorption
by clays and organic materials
biological processes: Bioaccumulated by many aquatic organisms
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Precipitation/Coagulation Properties [4]
in
FERRIC SULFATE COAGULATION
ALUM COAGULATION
SOFTENING
7 I 9 10
«H Or TREATED WATER
Date: 8/13/79
1.4.13-1
-------
D
0)
rt
NJ
Ul
\
-J
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF SILVER
a,b
I
to
Raw wastewater
Concentration , yg/L
industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Explosives manufacture
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Steam electric power generating
(water treatment)
Steam electric power generating
(boiler or steam generator blowdown)
Steam electric power generating
(maintenance cleaning)
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling)
Steam electric power generating
(air pollution control devices)
Steam electric power generating
(drainage)
Inorganic chemicals manufacturin
Coil coating
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
<2
NA
ND
BDL
<1
BDL
ND
NA '
<10
0.7
NA
NA
10
0.5
5
NA
NA
20g
ND
NA
ND
Maximum
10
130
2
7
<250
200
130
'* NA
f <50
80
NA
NA
70
6
600
NA
280
20g
NA
670
4,700
Mean
<6
32d
1.0
I6
<25
12
12
NA
<16
4
5,000e
NA
25
3.3
300
NA
NA
20g
30
48
320
Loading , kq/d
Minimum
0
0.00013
0
0
0
0
1.1 x 10~5
NA
0
0.00021
0.000030
NA
2.5 x 10-»
6.3 x 10~s
0.00029
NA
0
0.001
0
0
0
Maximum
0.16
0.92
0.00035
0.046
2.3
0.00055
0.017
NA
NA
0.0044
300
NA
0.48
0.32
17
NA
18
0.036
0.20
NA
NA
Mean
0.023
0.058
4.3 x 10-°
0.000086
0.14
1.9 x 10-=
0.0025
NA
<0.59
0.00096
0.75
NA
0.008
0.073
1.1
NA
3.5
0.010
0.081
8.6
17
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3, where mean is not available 1/2 the
reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
Average of medians reported for various industry segments.
Average of maximums reported for various industry segments.
g
One sample.
-------
D
CU
ff
(Jl
VD
H
U)
I
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF SILVER
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, |jg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Explosives manufacture
Auto and other laundries
Ore mining and dressing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufac-
turing
Minimum
2
NA
BDL
<1
BDL
NA
<1.0
<0.02
NA
NA
ND
Maximum
10
140
4
<25
100,000
NA
7.0
<0f02
<20
500
7,000
Mean
5d
25d
BDL
<5d
6,700
NA
4.0
<0_02
<20
57
530
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0.00010
_e
0
0
NA
0.0000036
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.13
0.72
e
0.46
0.31
NA
0.0056
NA
0.13
NA
NA
Mean
0.019
0.045
_e
0.029
0.011
NA
0.00084
7.4 x 10"5
0.054
10
28
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the
Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by
industry wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not
available, one-half the reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
One sample.
-------
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR SILVER3'b
rt
(D
cn
vo
U)
I
Treatment process
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation with chemical addition (calcium chloride, polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (Fe2 , lime)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (sulfide)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (BaCl2)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime)
Ozonation
Ion exchange
Activated sludge
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Reverse osmosis
Synthetic wastewater Actual
Removal Average Removal
range, achievable range , c
% cone., pg/L %
NA
24->48
od-e
44d
n->5o
78->99
od-e
>79->97
>90->99
o*-*
21d
5-10
24->80
oe
>99
31->96
7-36
31-92
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , pg/L
120
<13
e
66d
22
<45
e
12
<25
e
ild
120
<4
e
<10
32
21
25
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
III. 4.1
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 6
III. 4. 6
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 6. 14
III. 6. 7
III. 5.1
III. 6.1
III. 6. 9
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
cAverage and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Fairchild, E. J., R. J. Lewis, Sr., and R. L. Tatken. Registry of Toxic
Effects of Chemical Substances, Volume II. NIOSH-78-104B, National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1977.
p. 858.
2. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume II, Metals and Inorganics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 17-1 - 17-9.
3. CRC Press, Inc. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 58th Edition.
Cleveland, Ohio, 1977. p. B-47.
4. Manual of Treatment Techniques for Meeting the Interim Primary Drinking
Water Regulations. EPA-600/8-77-005, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, May 1977. 73 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.4.13-5
-------
-------
Compound; Thallium Formula; Tl
Alternate Names [1J: Thallium salt
CAS #; 7440-28-0
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [2,3]
mol. wt.: 204.4 m.p., °C: 304 b.p. (760 torr) , °C: 1,460
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Negligible
solubility in water, mg/L: T12S, 2.0 x 102 at 20°C; T1C1, 2.9 x 103 at 16°C
common oxidation states: +1, +3
Probable Fate [2]
photolysis: Not important
oxidation: Tl(III) present only in very oxidizing water; in reducing condi-
tions, metallic Tl or sulfide may precipitate
hydrolysis: Hydrolysis of T13+ to insoluble Tl(OH)3 unimportant because of
low T13+ content of natural water
sorption: Tl+ adsorbed strongly by clay minerals and to a lesser degree by
hydrous metal oxides
biological processes: Quickly bioaccumulated by aquatic organisms
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Precipitation/Coagulation Properties: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.4.14-1
-------
n-
fD
to
Ul
\
-J
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF THALLIUM
a,b
I
to
Raw wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Steam electric power generating
(water treatment)
Steam electric power generating
(boiler or steam generator blowdown)
Steam electric power generating
(maintenance cleaning)
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling)
Steam electric power generating
(air pollution control devices)
Steam electric power generating
(drainage)
Inorganic chemicals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
<5
NA
BDL
<1
BDL
ND
ND
<100
BDL
NA
NA
NA
BDL
NA
NA
NA
NA
ND
Maximum
15
9
10
<15
200
6
24
<100
13
NA
NA
NA
9
NA
NA
150£
NA
620
yg/L
Mean
<7d
3d
1*~
<1
10
4
3.0
<100
2.5
5,000e
NA
NA
BDL
NA
NA
NA
19
170
Loading, c kg/d
Minimum
0
1.3 x 10~5
0
0
0
3.6 x 10-s
0
0
0.00013
3 x 10-=
NA
NA
BDL
NA
NA
0
0
0
Maximum
0.18
0.087
0.046
0.093
0.00046
0.0056
0.020
NA
0.0028
A
300
NA
NA
BDL
NA
NA
9.4
NA
NA
Mean
0.026
0.0054
8.6 x 10~5
0.0058
1.6 x 10~5
0.00084
0.0028
<3.7
0.00060
0.75
NA
NA
BDL
NA
NA
2.0
3.4
33
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
bNA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3, where mean is not available 1/2 the reported maximum was
utilized.
d
Median, not average.
6Average of medians reported for various industry segments.
Average of maximums reported for various industry segments.
-------
rt
ro
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF THALLIUM
a,b
NJ
\
Ul
X.
^o
uo
I
U)
Treated wastewater
Concentration, |jg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturng
Nonferrous metals manu-
facturing
Minimum
<5
NA
BDL
<1
BDL
<1.0
ND
<0.01
<20
NA
ND
Maximum
6
18
7
<15
100
<5.0
ND
<0.05
<20
60
800
Mean
<5d
3°
BDL
<4°
11
2.8
ND
<0.01
<20
16
140
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
1.3 K 10 5
_e
0
0
2.5 x 10"6
ND
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.13
0.087
e
0.37
0.00051
0.0039
ND
NA
0.13
NA
NA
Mean
0.019
0.0054
e
0.023
1.8 x 10 5
0.00060
ND
<0. 00037
0.054
2.9
7.4
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by
industry wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not
available, one-half the reported maximum was utilized.
nedian, not average.
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
-------
D
0)
H-
n>
to
\
en
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR THALLIUM
a,b
H
•
*>.
Treatment process
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation with chemical addition (calcium
chloride, polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition (Fe2 , lime)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime)
Aerated lagoons
Activated sludge
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Reverse osmosis
Synthetic wastewater Actual
Removal Average Removal
range, achievable range,
% cone., pg/L %
NA
Q t €
u €
>55d
>55->83
>55->88
>52->88
>44->80
38d
70-89
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone., pg/L
2
_e
_e
-------
REFERENCES
1. Fairchild, E. J., R. J. Lewis, Sr., and R. L. Tatken. Registry of Toxic
Effects of Chemical Substances, Volume II. NIOSH-78-104B, National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1977.
p. 891.
2. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume II, Metals and Inorganics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 18-1 - 18-7.
3. CRC Press, Inc. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 58th Edition.
Cleveland, Ohio, 1977. p. B-51.
Date: 8/13/79 1.4.14-5
-------
-------
Compound: Zinc Formula; Zn
Alternate Names [1]: Blue powder, C.I. Pigment-black 16
CAS #; 7440-66-6
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [2, 3]
mol. wt.: 65.38 m.p., °C: 420 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 907
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Negligible
solubility in water, mg/L: ZnO, 1.6 at 29°C; ZnCl2, 4.32 x 106 at 25°C
common oxidation states: Always +2 in aqueous solution
Probable Fate
photolysis: Not important
oxidation: ZnS precipitates under reducing conditions; most redox conditions
do not affect Zn directly, but affect materials which sorb Zn
hydrolysis: Zn(OH>2 and ZnO precipitate after formation by hydrolysis
volatilization: Not important
sorption: Dominant fate of Zn is sorption by hydrous metal oxides, clay
minerals, and organic materials
biological processes: Strongly bioaccumulated in all organisms and biotrans-
formed to many zinc-containing enzymes
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Precipitation/Coagulation Properties; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.4.15-1
-------
D
(u
rt
n>
K)
\
Ul
-J
VO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ZINC
a,b
en
I
NJ
Raw wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Explosives manufacture
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Porcelain enameling
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Steam electric power generating
(water treatment)
Steam electric power generating
(boiler or steam generator blowdown)
Steam electric power generating
(maintenance cleaning)
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling)
Steam electric power generating
(air pollution control devices)
Steam electric power generating
(drainage)
Inorganic chemicals manufacturing
Coil coating
Foundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
60
NA,
ND
120
24
BDL
50
NA
2i .(
ND |L
78
ND
<20
<5
20
10
50
BDL
10
4
NA
12
ND
96
NA
ND
Maximum
5,300
7,900
1,400
78,000
760
900,000
38,000
770
66
10,000
650,000
500
40
780
NA
50
900,000
1,200
590
23,000
35,000
340,000
350,000
2,600
160,000
2 x 10-«
Vig/L
Mean
1,700
190d
550
480*:
250d
44,000
7,000
300
18
1,800
5,700
120
<27
127
11,000
20
136,000
350
300
540
NA
11,000
49,000
540
7,000
190,000
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0.00080
0
0
0
0
0.063
6 x 10~s
0
0.0016
0.0037
0
0
0.0067
6.7 x 10-'
8.4 x 10~»
0.00014
6.7 x 10~7
0.00029
0.0046
0
0.55
0
0
0
0
Maximum
45
0.29
0.19
22
23
2.0
53
0.26
NA
2.5
2.3
0.83
NA
0.14
660
0.28
2,600
34
17
0.20
2,200
20
328
NA
NA
NA
Mean
6.4
0.34
0.0024
0.041
1.4
0.070
11
0.0099
0.54
0.38
0.46
0.11
<1.0
0.030
1.7
0.003
41
8.0
1.1
0.011
438
5.3
328
0.81
1,300
10,070
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
bNA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater dis-
charges as reported in Section 1.3, where mean is not available 1/2 the reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
Average of medians reported for various industry segments.
Average of maximums reported for various industry segments.
-------
G
0)
if
n>
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ZINC
a,b
to
Ul
\
•-J
H
cn
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M9/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Explosives manufacture
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Porcelain enameling
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Coil coating
Leather tanning and finishing
Minimum
60
NA
47
<10
BDL
37
NA
NA
4
55
32
ND
0.01
40
NA
ND
34
49
Maximum
73
38,000
41,000
1,000
100,000
450
2,300
NA
1,600
1,000
5,000
270
3,000
190,000
36,000
100,000
720
170
Mean
61d
200d
250
<70d
4,800
190
170
NA
150
300
1,200
86
1.6
19,000
1,700
10,400
370
91
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.00084
.0017
.4 x 10~5
NA
.00027
.00077
.019
Maximum
1.6
5.8
11
6.5
0.22
1.4
0.15
NA
NA
0.42
0.49
0.58
NA
130
NA
NA
0.67
NA
Mean
0.23
0.36
0.021
0.41
0.0077
0.31
0.0056
NA
4.5
0.063
0.096
0.079
0.060
51
310
550
0.18
0.17
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£>
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
-------
D
O
ft
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR ZINC
a,b
U1
Ul
I
Treatment process
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation
Gas flotation with chemical addition (calcium chloride, polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, lime)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (Fe2 , lime)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (sulfide)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (BaCl2)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime)
Aerated lagoons
Ultrafiltration
Ozonation
Ion exchange
Activated sludge
Powdered activated carbon adsorption
Powdered activated carbon adsorption (with activated sludge)
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Reverse osmosis
Synthetic wastewater Actual
Removal Averaqe Removal
c . . /•. c
range, achievable range,
% cone , pg/L %
NA
11-22
>95->99
>38->60
iod
39->99
71->99
55->99
84->99
>79->97
>98->99
84-97
65-80
69-83
69-83
77->99
55->99
>78-98
32-96
97d
35-92
od'e
58-98
40->99
83->99
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone , pg/L
390
27,000
150
120
2.300d
940
2.600
3,400
410
12
140
2.400
30
660
3,800
640
180
8,600
260
400d
200
e
110
440
530
Volume III
references ,
Section numbers
III. 4.1
III. 4. 4
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 6
III. 4. 2
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 5. 3
III. 4. 7
III. 6. 14
III. 6. 7
III. 5.1
III. 6. 2
III. 6. 2
III. 6.1
III. 6. 9
aSee Volume III for detailed information.
bNA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
cAverage and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
eActual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Fairchild, E. J., R. J. Lewis, Sr., and R. L. Tatken. Registry of Toxic
Effects of Chemical Substances, Volume II. NIOSH-78-104B, National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1977.
p. 963.
2. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume II, Metals and Inorganics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 19-1 - 19-23.
3. CRC Press, Inc. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 58th Edition.
Cleveland, Ohio, 1977. p. B-59.
Date: 8/13/79 1.4.15-5
-------
-------
Compound; Bis(chloromethyl) ether Formula; H H
I I
Alternate Names: BCME, Bis-CME, Cl-C-O-C-Cl
sym-Dichloromethyl ether | |
H H
CAS #; 542-88-1
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 115 m.p., °C: -41.5 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 104
vapor pressure (22°C), torr: 30
solubility in water (temp, unknown), mg/L: 22,000
log octanoI/water partition coefficients: -0.38
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Does not occur
oxidation: Oxidation by hydroxyl radical can compete with hydrolysis in air
but not in water
hydrolysis: Very rapidly hydrolyzed, independent of pH
volatilization: Cannot compete with hydrolysis
sorption: Not important
biological processes: Not important
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.5.1-1
-------
D
ft)
rt
(D
VD
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BIS(CHLOROMETHYL) ETHER3/b
Industry
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading,0 kg/d
Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
0)
ft
(D
tsj
en
H
•
Ul
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BIS(CHLOROMETHYL) ETHER3'b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
(D
NJ
M
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR BIS(CHLOROMETHYL) ETHER
a,b
Treatment process
Gravity
oil
separation
Synthetic
Removal
range ,
%
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone . ,
Mg/L
Activated sludge
Actual
Removal
range ,
%
NA
>83d
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone . , M9/L
390
>iod
Volume
Ill
references.
Section
III.
III.
numbers
4.1
5.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
bNA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL
£
Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
- below detection limit.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume III, Ethers, Phthalate Esters, and Nitrosamines. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 64-1 - 64-5-
Date: 8/13/79 1.5.1-5
-------
-------
Compound: Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether
Formula:
Alternate Names;
1,1'-Oxybis(2-chloroethane),
Bis(g-chloroethyl)ether,
Chlorex, l-Chloro-2-
(g-chloroethoxy) ethane
Cl
11 11
-C-C-O-C-C-C1
H H
H H
CAS #: 111-44-4
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 143.0
m.p.
'C:
-46.8
0.71
b.p. (760 torr)
178
vapor pressure (20°C), torr:
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 10,200
log octanol/water partition coefficients: 1.58
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Does not occur
oxidation: Photooxidation only in atmosphere
hydrolysis: Very slow, maybe significant, hydrolysis of carbon-chlorine bonds
volatilization: Importance unknown
sorption: Apparently unimportant
biological processes: No bioaccumulation noted; biodegradation not important
under natural conditions
other reactions/interactions: Not important; principle fate uncertain
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
1.000
pH: 3.0, 7.0, 9.0
type of carbon: Not available
adsorbability: 860 mg/L; carbon dose re-
quired to reduce pollutant J
concentration from 10 mg/L §
to 1 mg/L at neutral pH S1
10
°pH-3.0
DpH-7.0
"pH-9.0
1 Mill
0.1 1 10
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION. mg/L
100
Date: 8/13/79
1.5.2-1
-------
o
DJ
rt
(D
ui
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BIS(2-CHLOROETHYL) ETHER
3 '
Raw wastewater
Concentration , yg/L
Industry
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Minimum
ND
ND
Maximum
170
NA
Mean
19
4.5
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
0
0
Maximum
0.13
0.030
Mean
0.017
0.012
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
•^
'Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3, where mean is not available 1/2 the
reported maximum was utilized.
------- OCR error (C:\Conversion\JobRoot\000002YQ\tiff\20008BTA.tif): Unspecified error
-------
D
ta
li-
ft)
to
vo
en
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR BIS(Z-CHLOROETHYL) ETHER
a,b
Treatment process
Activated sludge
Powdered activated carbon adsorption
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range , achievable
% cone . , pg/L
Actual
Removal
c
range ,
>47d
53d
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , pg/L
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume III, Ethers, Phthalate Esters, and Nitrosamines. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 65-1 - 65-7.
2. Dobbs, R. A., R. J. Middendorf, and J. M. Cohen. Carbon Adsorption
Isotherms for Toxic Organics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Cincinnati, Ohio, 1978.
Date: 8/13/79 I.5.2-5
-------
-------
Compound; Bis(2-chloroisopropyl) ether Formula: H CH3 CHa H
__l_l I I
Alternate Names; Bis(2-chloro-l-methyl ethyl) Cl C C O C C Cl
ether, 2,2'-Oxybis(1-chloro- H H H H
propane), Dichlorodiisopropyl
ether, 2,2'-Dichloroisopropyl ether
CAS #; 108-60-1
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 171.1 m.p., °C: -97 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 189
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 0.85
solubility in water (temp, unknown), mg/L: 1,700
log octanol/water partition coefficients: 2.58
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Does not occur
oxidation: Photooxidation in atmosphere can occur
hydrolysis: Slow hydrolysis of carbon-chlorine bond, may be important fate
mechanism
volatilization: Importance unknown
sorption: Little data available, but adsorption on organic matter possible
biological processes: No data on bioaccumulation and biodegradation
other reactions/interactions: None of importance known; principle fate
uncertain
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.5.3-1
-------
o
P)
ti-
ro
to
\
01
H
•
(J\
•
co
NJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BIS(2-CHLOROISOPROPYL) ETHER3'
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Minimum
NDd
Maximum
ND,
3d
Mean Minimum
NDd
3d 0
Maximum
_b
0.020
Mean
_b
0.010
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
°Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3, where mean is not available 1/2 the
reported maximum was utilized.
One sample.
-------
o
03
ft
n>
U1
-J
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BIS(2-CHLOROISOPROPYL) ETHER9/b
Treated wastewater
Industry
Concentration,
Loading, kg/d
Minimum Maximum
Mean
Minimum Maximum
Mean
Ul
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
ND
ND
ND
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
tu
rt
Ul
•
co
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT
ALTERNATIVE FOR BIS(2-CHLOROISOPROPYL) ETHER
a,b
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
Treatment process % cone., |jg/L
Aerated lagoons
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range , achievable
% cone., pg/L
>0d <2d
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
III. 5. 3
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume III, Ethers, Phthalate Esters, and Nitrosamines. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 66-1 - 66-7.
Date: 8/13/79 1.5.3-5
-------
-------
Compound: 2-Chloroethyl vinyl ether Formula; H H H
II I /H
C1-C-C-O-C=C
Alternate Names; (2-Chloroethoxy) ethene, | | \^
Vinyl 2-chloroethyl ether H H
CAS #; 110-75-8
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 106.6 m.p., °C: Not available b.p. (760 torr), °C: 108
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 26.75
solubility in water (temp, unknown), mg/L: 15,000
log octanol/water partition coefficients: 1.28
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Does not occur
oxidation: Atmospheric photooxidation after volatilization principal fate of
C1CH2CH2OCHCH2
hydrolysis: Of minor importance if compound is adsorbed by clays or fulvic
acids
volatilization: High vapor pressure indicates strong volatilization
sorption: Probably adsorbed by clays and humic materials
biological processes: Insufficient data to reach conclusion
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.5.4-1
-------
rt
(D
vo
Ul
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 2-CHLOROETHYL VINYL ETHER3'b
•
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading ,
Minimum
kg/d
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
(u
rt
cn
VO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 2-CHLOROETHYL VINYL ETHER3/b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L Loading, kq/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
H
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
Qi
rt
(D
en
\
VD
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 2-CHLOROETHYL VINYL ETHER
a,b
en
•
ife
I
Treatment process'
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone. , |Jg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., |jg/L
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
a
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume III, Ethers, Phthalate Esters, and Nitrosamines. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 67-1 - 67-7.
Date: 8/13/79 1.5.4-5
-------
-------
Compound; 4-Chlorophenyl phenyl ether Formula;
Alternate Names; l-Chloro-4-phenoxybenzene,
p-Chlorophenyl phenyl ether,
4-Chlorodiphenyl ether,
4-Chlorophenyl ether
CAS #; 7005-72-3
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 203.7 m.p. , °C: Not available b.p. (760 torr), °C: 284
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 0.001
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 59
log octanol/water partition coefficients: 5.00
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Could be important if compound is adsorbed by humus containing
sensitizers (polyfunctional aromatics)
oxidation: Not important
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Although no data available, believed to be unimportant
sorption: Adsorption by humus certain; by clays probable
biological processes: Possible bioaccumulation; gradual biodegradation
(t 1/2 ^250 days)
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.5.5-1
-------
o
0)
ft
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tn
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ;4-CHLOROPHENYL PHENYL ETHER3'
Raw wastewater
Concentration, ug/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
,H Coal mining ND 3.3 0.4 0 0.011 0.0015
<•" Iron and steel manufacturing NA NA 210 0 NA 38
tn
to a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3, where mean is not available, one-
half the reported maximum was utilized.
-------
o
(u
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I-1
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 4-CHLOROPHENYL PHENYL ETHER3'
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
d d d
Coal mining NA ND ND
_
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treat-
fa,
i ability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration
by industry wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean
is not available, one-half the reported maximum was utilized.
Indeterminate.
-------
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to
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POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 4-CHLOROPHENYL PHENYL ETHER3'
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone., uq/L % cone., pg/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume.Ill, Ethers, Phthalate Esters, and Nitrosamines. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 68-1 - 68-6.
Date: 8/13/79 1.5.5-5
-------
-------
Compound: 4-Bromophenyl phenyl ether
Formula:
Alternate Names:
l-Bromo-4-phenoxybenzene,
p-Bromophenyl phenyl ether,
4-Bromodiphenyl ether,
4-Bromophenyl ether
CAS #: 101-55-3
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 249.1
m.p.
DC:
b.p. (760 torr), °C: 310
5.15
18.7
vapor pressure (20°c), torr: 0.0015
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 38
log octanol/water partition coefficients:
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Could be important if adsorbed by sensitizer-containing humus
oxidation: Not important
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Believed to be unimportant
sorption: Adsorption by humus certain; by clays probable
biological processes: Bioaccumulation possible; gradual biodegradation
probable principle fate
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79
1.5.6-1
-------
o
P
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u>
a\
M
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 4-BROMOPHENYL PHENYL ETHER3/b
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading,0 kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
a
£j
("t"
(D
*•
M
N)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 4-BROMOPHENYL PHENYL ETHER3'b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, Mg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
ui
•
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I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 4-BROMOPHENYL PHENYL ETHER
a,b
Treatment process
Activated sludge
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range , achievable
% cone . , pg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range , achievable
% cone . , |jg/L
95d 18d
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
III. 5.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
•*
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume III, Ethers, Phthalate Esters, and Nitrosamines. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, O.C., 1979. pp. 69-1 - 69-5.
Date: 8/13/79 1.5.6-5
-------
-------
Compound: Bis(2-chloroethoxy)methane Formula: H H H H H
* M I II
Cl—C—C—O—C—O—C—C—Cl
Alternate Names; Dichlorodiethyl methylal, | | | | |
Bis(g-chloroethyl) formal, H H H H H
3,3-Dichlorodiethyl formal
CAS #; 111-91-1
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 173.1 m.p., °C: Not available b.p. (760 torr), °C: 218
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: <0.1
solubility in water (temp, unknown), mg/1: 81,000
log octanol/water partition coefficients: 1.26
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Not important
oxidation: Too slow to be important
hydrolysis: Gradual hydrolysis of carbon-chlorine bond probable principle
fate mechanism
volatilization: Not important
sorption: Possible importance as catalyst for hydrolysis
biological processes: Not enough data to draw conclusion
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.5.7-1
-------
D
0)
ft
OJ
\
^ INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BIS (2-CHLOROETHOXY)METHANE3'b'
Raw wastewater
Concentration , y'g/L _ Loading,0 kg/d _
Industry _ Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Coal mining ND 50 11 0 0.29 0.041
Foundries ND NA 20 0 0.13 0.05
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II
of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant
concentration by industry wastewater discharges as reported in
Section 1.3, where mean is not available 1/2 the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
JD
ft
(D
to
\
Ul
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BIS(2-CHLOROETHOXY)METHANE'
Treated wastewater
Industry
Concentration, pq/L
Loading, kq/d
Minimum Maximum
Mean
Minimum Maximum
Mean
H
t
Ul
•
-J
I
u>
Coal mininq
Auto and other laundries
ND <6.7 <5.7 0 0.15 0.021
NA lld lld 1.0 x 10"5 0.015 0.0023
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplyinq mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharqes as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
One sample
-------
D
fl)
rt-
n>
NJ
\
en
en
•
~j
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR BIS(2-CHLOROETHOXY)METHANE
a,b
Synthetic wastewater
Removal
c
range ,
Treatment process %
Aerated lagoons
Average
achievable
cone. , pg/L
Actual
Removal
range ,
%
>60d
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone . , M9/L
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume III, Ethers, Phthalate Esters, and Nitrosamines. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 70-1 - 70-6.
Date: 8/13/79 1.5.7-5
-------
-------
Compound; Dimethyl phthalate
Formula:
Alternate Names; DMP, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic
acid, Dimethyl ester, Phthalic
acid dimethyl ester, Methyl phthalate
CAS #: 131-11-3
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 194.2 m.p., °C: 0 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 282
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: <0.01
solubility in water (328C), mg/L: 4,000
log octanol/water partition coefficients: 3.42
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: No direct photolysis; indirect photolysis too slow to be important
oxidation: Not important
hydrolysis*: Too slow to be important under natural conditions
volatilization: Possible, but not important
sorption*: Sorption onto particles and Biota and complexation with humic
substances principal transport mechanism
biological processes*: Bioaccumulation, biodegradation, and biotransformation
by many organisms (including humans) are very important
fates
other reactions/interactions: Not important
*Inferred from data on phthalate esters as a group.
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
l.OOOp
pH: 3.0, 7.0, 9.0
type of carbon: Not available
adsorbability:
93 mg/L; carbon dose re-
quired to reduce pollutant
concentration from 10 mg/L
to 1 mg/L at neutral pH
..-
f
X
10
,|
o pH • 3.0
•> pH-7.0
• pH-9.0
,ii i .
0.1 1 10
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION. mg/L
100
Date: 8/13/79
1.6.1-1
-------
rt
(D
to
\
ui
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DIMETHYL PHTHALATE
a,b
NJ
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Petroleum refining
Rubber processing
Auto and other laundries
Ore mining and dressing
Coil coating
Foundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
NA
NA
ND
3.1
ND
ND
NA
ND
NA
Maximum
<3.3
14
NA
14
<5
9.5
14
2,200
NA
56
20
Mean
<0.5
12d
NA
5
1
6.3
10
72
17
4.7
16
c
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
5 x 10~5
NA
1 x 10~6
9 x 10~7
0
0.0005
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.013
0.35
NA
0.0043
0.001
NA
0.018
0.19
NA
NA
NA
Mean
0.0019
0.22
NA
0.00016
0.00021
0.23
0.005
0.48
0.026
0.25
2.9
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
-------
rt
(D
NJ
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DIMETHYL PHTHALATE
a,b
H
I
U)
Treated
Concentration, M9/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Petroleum refining
Rubber processing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
NA
NA
10
10
ND
Maximum
ND
i.oe
NA
14
320
<10
1,300
Mean
ND
i.oe
3f
7.5
79
0
67
wastewater
£
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
d
4.2 x 10 6
0
1.5 x 10 6
0
NA
0
Maximum
d
0.029
0.28
0.0064
0.53
1.8
NA
Mean
d
0.0018
0.017
0.00025
0.21
3.6
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the
Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration
by industry wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean
is not available, one-half the reported maximum was utilized.
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
One sample.
Median, not average.
-------
rt
(D
to
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR DIMETHYL PHTHALATE
a,b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average
range , achievable range , achievable
Treatment process3 % cone., pg/L % cone., pg/L
Filtration
Sedimentation
Aerated lagoons
Activated sludge
Reverse osmosis
>98d
49->99
25d
58->99
30-41
<0.03d
42
6d
19
110
Volume III
references ,
Section numbers
III
III
III
III
III
.4.6
.4.2
.5.3
.5.1
.6.9
See Volume III for detailed information.
^
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume III, Ethers, Phthalate Esters, and Nitrosamines. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 94-1 - 94-15.
2. Dobbs, R. A., R. J. Middendorf, and J. M. Cohen. Carbon Adsorption
Isotherms for Toxic Organics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Cincinnati, Ohio, 1978.
Date: 8/13/79 1.6.1-5
-------
-------
Compound; Diethyl phthalate Formula;
Alternate Names; DEP, Ethyl phthalate,
1,2-Benzendicarboxylic acid,
Diethyl ether
CAS #; 84-66-2
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 222.2 m.p., °C: -40.5 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 298
vapor pressure (70°C), torr: 0.05
solubility in water (32°C), mg/L: 1,000
log octanol/water partition coefficients: 4.42
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: No direct photolysis; indirect photolysis too slow to be important
oxidation: Not important
hydrolysis*: No data, but believed to be too slow to be important under
natural conditions
volatilization: Very little data, but volatilization is not considered as
important as sorption
sorption*: Adsorption onto solids and particles and complexation with humic
material (fulvic acid) are the principal transport for DEP
biological processes*: Bioaccumulation, biodegradation, and biotransformation
by many organisms (including humans) are very important
fates
other reactions/interactions: Not important
*Inferred from data on phthalate esters as a group.
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.6.2-1
-------
o
(1)
d-
0>
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DIETHYL PHTHALATE
a,b
to
\
Ul
NJ
I
to
Raw wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Petroleum refining
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling)
Coil coating
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
NA
<1
ND
ND
ND
10
NA
ND
ND
NA
ND
Maximum
<10
86,
12d
29
25
31
9.6
11
NA
600
730
10
83
yg/L
Mean
<3.7
6.0e
12d
<15
4
8
2.9
11
NA
53
58
7
4.7
Loading,0 kg/d
Minimum
0
2.5 x 10~5
0
0
3.6 x 10~6
0
0
0.00058
NA
0.0097
0
0
0
Maximum
0.098
0.17
1.1
NA
0.0056
0.054
NA
0.012
NA
0.095
0.39
NA
NA
Mean
0.023
0.011
0.070
0.45
0.00084
0.0074
0.11
0.026
NA
0.025
0.16
1.3
0.25
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
3NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
-»
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the
reported maximum was utilized.
One sample.
3
'Median, not average.
-------
D
PJ
rt
(D
to
CTi
•
K)
I
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DIETHYL PHTHALATE
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Petroleum refining
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
<10
<1
ND
10
NA
ND
Maximum
<10
9.4
30
69
ND
11,000
14
82
Mean
<5.7
1 5
<20d
<24
ND
910
10
6
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
6.3 x 10"6
0
0
e
0
0
0
Maximum
0.15
0.043
1.9
NA
e
6.1
NA
NA
Mean
0.021
0.0027
0.12
0.72
e
2.5
1.8
0.32
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Median, not average.
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
-------
o
CU
ft
10
\
cn
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR DIETHYL PHTHALATE
a,b
CTi
to
I
Treatment process
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition
Sedimentation with chemical addition
Aerated lagoons
Trickling filters
Activated sludge
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Synthetic wastewater Actual
Removal Average Removal
range, achievable range, C
% cone., |jg/L %
NA
>17d
37->99
33->99
>99d
>98d
od'e
od'e
58->99
oe
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone . , M9/L
12d
ND
2,000
24
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority
Pollutants, Volume III, Ethers, Phthalate Esters, and Nitrosamines.
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979.
pp. 95-1 - 95-15.
Date: 8/13/79 1.6.2-5
-------
-------
Compound; Di-n-butyl phthalate
Formula:
Alternate Names: DBF, o-Benzenedicarboxylic
acid, Dibutyl ester, Benzene-
o-dicarboxylic acid, Di-n-butyl
ester, n-Butyl phthalate,
Dibutyl phthalate
CAS #; 84-74-2
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 278.3 m.p., °C: -35 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 340
vapor pressure (115°C), torr: 0.1
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 4,500
log octanol/water partition coefficients: >4.42 (exact value unknown due to
molecular folding)
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Aerobic degradation in freshwater hydrosoil; 53% after
24-hr incubation, 98% after 5 days incubation
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: No direct photolysis; indirect photolysis too slow to be environ-
mentally important
oxidation: Not important
hydrolysis*: Hydrolysis (only in surface waters) believed to be too slow to
be important
volatilization: Not likely to be an important transport process
sorption*: Sorption onto particulates and complexation with organics are
dominant transport processes
biological processes*: Bioaccumulated in many organisms; biodegraded rapidly
in natural soil; some biotransformation; all biological
processes important fates
other reactions/interactions: Not important
1.000
* Inferred from data on phthalate esters as
a group.
Carbon Adsorption Data [3]
pH: 3.0
type of carbon: Not available
adsorbability: 42 mg/L; carbon dose re-
quired to reduce pollutant
concentration from 10 mg/L
to 1 mg/L at neutral pH
100
10
0.1 1 1"
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
100
Date: 8/13/79
1.6.3-1
-------
o
0)
rt
fD
NJ
\
cn
CTi
•
U>
I
NJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DI-n-BUTYL PHTHALATE
a,b
Raw waste water
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper and paper board mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling)
Coil coating
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
3.3
NA
NA
ND
NA
NA
ND
ND
ND
<10
7
ND
ND
NA
ND
Maximum
<10
67
1.3d
69,000
NA
<1
820
90
140
48
48
160
5,400
520
390
Mean
<8.8
!66 .
1.3d
4,100
NA
<1
29
10
45
18
32
10
160
33
25
Load ing ,c kg/d
Minimum
0
6.7 x 10-5
0
0
NA
0
2.6 x 10~5
0
0
0.00095
0.00061
0.0005
0
0
0
Maximum
0.23
0.46
0.12
0.19
NA
NA
0.041
0.068
NA
0.020
3.1
0.018
1.1
NA
NA
Mean
0.033
0.029
0.0075
0.0066
NA
0.030
0.0061
0.0092
1.7
0.0043
0.70
0.0048
0.43
5.9
1.3
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
\2
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
'Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
One sample.
n
"Median, not average.
-------
O
0)
rt
(D
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DI-n-BUTYL PHTHALATE
a,b
tn
I
OJ
Treated wastewater
Concentration, \Jiq/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Noferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
<3.3
NA
0.7
ND
NA
<1
0.9
ND
1.0
NA
ND
Maximum
10 d
3.6d
10
1,300,
36d
8
290
12
9,300
420
79
Mean
<7.7
3.6d
5.4e
160,
36d
<3
76
0.86
710
35
15
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
1.5 x 10 5
0
0
7.2 x 10~6
0
6.8 x 10"5
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.20
0.10
0.50
0.0074
0.031
NA
0.11
0.0058
4.8
NA
NA
Mean
0.029
0.0065
0.031
0.00026
0.0012
NA
0.016
0.00079
1.9
6.3
0.80
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
irt n
One sample.
"Median, not average.
-------
D
JU
rt
N)
\
Ln
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR DI-n-BUTYL PHTHALATEa'b
Treatment process3
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation with chemical addition (calcium
chloride, polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, lime)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum)
Aerated lagoons
Ozonation
Activated sludge
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Reverse osmosis
Synthetic wastewater Actual
Removal Average Removal
range, c achievable range, C
% cone . , pg/L %
NA
39-79
>61->99
od'e
16->99
40->99
>99d
99d
50->99
>78->99
oe
od'c
77d
60->99
62->99
59-83
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone . , ug/L
!.3d
150
<5
e
910
42
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume III, Ethers, Phthalate Esters, and Nitrosamines. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 96-1 - 96-16.
2. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. pp. 222, 223.
3. Dobbs, R. A., R. J. Middendorf, and J. M. Cohen. Carbon Adsorption
Isotherms for Toxic Organics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Cincinnati, Ohio, 1978.
Date: 8/13/79 1.6.3-5
-------
-------
Compound; Di-n-octyl phthalate Formula;
Alternate Names; OOP, o-Benzenedicarboxylic acid,
Dioctyl ester, n-Dioctyl phthalate,
Octyl phthalate, Dioctyl-0-
benzenedicarboxylate
CAS #; 117-84-0
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 391.0 m.p., °C: -25 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 220
vapor pressure (150°C), torr: <0.2
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Insoluble
log octanol/water partition coefficients: >4.42 (exact value unknown because
of molecular folding)
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Aerobic degradation in fresh water hydrosoil; 50% after
14 days incubation
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: No direct photolysis; indirect photolysis too slow to be important
oxidation: Not important
hydrolysis*: Hydrolysis only in surface waters but too slow to be important
volatilization: Not likely to be an important transport process
sorption*: Adsorption onto solids and particles and complexation with organics
are important transport processes
biological processes*: Bioaccumulation by many organisms, biodegradation, and
metabolization are all important fates
other reactions/interactions: Not important
*Inferred from data on phthalate esters as a group.
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.6.4-1
-------
o
0)
Cn
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DI-n-OCTYL PHTHALATE
a,b
cr>
I
to
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Auto and other laundries
Coil coating
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
ND
Maximum
<3.3
410
180
NA
120
95
Mean
<0.4
24
16
710
13
8.4
Loading,0 kg/d
Minimum
0
2.2 x 10~5
0.00080
0
0
0
Maximum
0.011
0.034
0.0077
4.8
NA
NA
Mean
0.0015
0.005
0.029
1.9
2.3
0.44
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
'r\
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the
reported maximum was utilized.
-------
o
CD
rt
(D
Ln
I
OJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DI-n-OCTYL PHTHALATE
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L
Industry Minimum
Coal mining
Auto and other laundries
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manu-
facturing
ND
ND
NA
NA
ND
Maximum
<10
4.
73d
490
189
Mean
<1
2,
73d
39
12
£
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
2.0 x 10~6
0
0
0
Maximum
0.026
0.0028
0.49
NA
NA
Mean
0.0038
0.00042
0.02
7.0
0.64
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of
the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"«
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concen-
tration by industry wastewater discharges as reported in Section
1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
One sample.
-------
D
&>
rt
CD
K)
\
Ul
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR DI-n-OCTYL PHTHALATE
a,b
Treatment process
Gas flotation with chemical addition (calcium
chloride, polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Activated sludge
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Synthetic wastewater Actual
Removal Average Removal
range, achievable range,
% cone . , M9/L %
78d
61d
od'e
>73->96
>49->99
92
50->99
76-96
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , ug/L
33d
e
<1.5
<35
5
2,500
110
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 6
III. 4. 2
III. 4. 3
III. 5.1
III. 6.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
CAverage and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
eActual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume III, Ethers, Phthalate Esters, and Nitrosamines. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 97-1 - 97-16.
2. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. pp. 279-281.
Date: 8/13/79 1.6.4-5
-------
-------
Compound; Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Formula;
Alternate Names:
DEHP, Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate,
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester
phthalic acid, Di(2-ethylhexyl)
orthophthalate, Di-sec-octyl
phthalate, 2-Ethylhexyl phthalate,
1,2-Benzene dicarboxylic acid,
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester
C-0-CH2CH(C2H5)C3H7
OO-CH2CH (C2H5) C3H7
O
CAS #: 117-81-7
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
b.p. (760 torr), °C: 387
>4.42 (exact value unknown because
of molecular folding)
mol. wt.: 391.0 m.p., °C: -50
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: <0.01
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 50
log octanol/water partition coefficients:
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: No direct photolysis; indirect photolysis too slow to be important
oxidation: Not important
hydrolysis: Too slow to be important (half-life of several years)
volatilization: Not a likely transport process
sorption: Sorption onto particulates and biota and complexation with humic
materials are most important transport processes
biological processes: Bioaccumulation and metabolization by many organisms,
and biodegradation are all very important fates
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79
1.6.5-1
-------
0
0>
ft
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATEa'b
en
CTi
•
cn
I
NJ
Raw wastewater
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Explosives manufacture
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper, paperboad mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Steam electric power generating
(water treatment)
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling)
Inorganic chemicals manufacturing
Coil coating
Foundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Iron and steal manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Concentration ,
Minimum
ND
NA
NA
BDL
180
ND
NA
NA
<1
ND
ND
0.004
<10
NA
17
NA
ND
ND
NA
NA
ND
Maximum
50
860
72d
1,500
700
87,000
NA
530
66
18,000
170
50
36
NA
310
120
1,100
817,000
NA
10,000
7,000
(ig/L
Mean
11
26e
72d
280f
300e
7,300
NA
170
<16
1,000
38
12
27
<1
22
NA
75
21,000
25
451
237
c
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0.00011
0
0
0
0
NA
3.4 x 10~s
0
0.0009
0
0
0.0014
6.1 x 10~9
0.00040
0
0.0038
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.29
0.75
0.025
13
28
0.33
NA
0.15
NA
1.4
0.26
NA
0.030
<0.06
2.2
7.5
0.13
141
NA
NA
NA
Mean
0.041
0.047
0.00031
0.024
1.7
0.012
NA
0.0056
0.48
0.21
0.035
0.44
0.0065
0.00015
0.48
1.5
0.036
57
0.038
81
13
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
One sample.
Median, not average.
d
Average of medians reported for various industry segments.
-------
D
PJ
ft
en
vo
CTi
•
Ul
I
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE
a,b
Treated
Concentration, \iq/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Explosives manufacture
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Leather tanning and finishing
Minimum
ND
NA
BDL
190
ND
NA
NA
NA
<1
ND
ND
2
ND
ND
ND
Maximum
<6.7
230
350
2,000
160
l,900e
430
NA
294
96
380
16,000
11,000
1,200
34
Mean
<5 7
18 .
9d
600
22
1,9006
100
NA
<30
37
47
1,600
680
110
11
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
7.6 x 10 5
0
0
0
0.017
2.0 x 10 5
NA
0
3.3 x 10 5
0
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.15
0.52
0.41
56
0.0010
14
0.086
NA
NA
0.052
0.32
11
NA
NA
NA
Mean
0.021
0.032
0.00077
3.5
3.5 x 10 5
31
0.0033
NA
0.90
0.0078
0.043
4.3
120
5.8
0.017
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
^•i
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
One sample.
-------
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE
a,b
rt
(D
NJ
\
tn
\
-J
vo
Treatment process
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation
Gas flotation with chemical addition (calcium chloride, polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Filtration
Sedimenta tion
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, lime)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (BaCl2)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum)
Tertiary polishing lagoons
Aerated lagoons
Trickling filters
Ozonation
Activated sludge
Powdered activated carbon adsorption
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Reverse osmosis
Synthetic wastewater Actual
Removal Average Removal
range , achievable range ,
% cone . , pg/L %
NA
od
72-82
51-92
25"
44-98
33->99
od'e
49-99
>48->97
48-95
78e
od
>58-72
70-96
83C
od
37->99
>97e
18-66
51-96
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone . , pg/L
270
d
610
60
90*
1,200
24
d
22
<10
9
67e
_d
<11
<11
6e
_d
64
<10e
65
21
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
III. 4.1
III. 4. 4
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 6
III. 4. 2
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 5. 3
III. 5. 3
III. 5. 2
III. 6. 14
III. 5.1
III. 6. 2
III. 6.1
III. 6. 9
aSee Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
CAverage and maximum removals reported.
Actual data indicate negative removal.
eOnly one data point.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants
Volume III, Ethers, Phthalate Esters, and Nitrosamines. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 98-1 - 98-16.
Date: 8/13/79 1.6.5-5
-------
-------
Compound; Butyl benzyl phthalate Formula;
Alternate Names: BBP, Benzyl butyl phthalate
CAS #: 85-68-7
O
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 312.0 m.p., °C: -35 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 377
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Insoluble
log octanol/water partition coefficients: >4.42 (exact value unknown because
of molecular folding)
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Direct photolysis improbable; indirect photolysis too slow to be
important
oxidation: Not important
hydrolysis*: Too slow to be important
volatilization: Not a likely transport process
sorption*: Sorption onto particulates and complexation with organic substances
are dominant transport processes
biological processes*: Bioaccumulated and metabolized by many organisms;
biodegraded under natural conditions
other reactions/interactions: Not important
*Based on data for phthalate esters as a group.
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.6.6-1
-------
rt
(D
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BUTYL BENZYL PHTHALATE
a ,b
Ul
CT*
•
CTi
I
Raw wastewater
Concentration, ug/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Pulp, paper, and paperboad mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling)
Coil coating
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
2
ND
ND
ND
NA
NA
ND
ND
NA
ND
Maximum
<10
73
100
1,500
360
66
NA
NA
300
180
340
98
Mean
<3.3
42d
51
34
33
22
10
NA
57
29
34
11
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
1.6 x 10~5
0
3.1 x 10~5
0
0
0.00053
NA
0.0029
0
0
0
Maximum
0.087
1.2
NA
0.048
0.22
NA
0.0024
NA
0.10
0.078
NA
NA
Mean
0.012
0.076
1.5
0.0071
0.030
0.81
0.011
NA
0.027
0.19
6.1
0.58
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
-------
o
P)
ft
CD
en
\
-j
I
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BUTYL BENZYL PHTHALATE
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, |jg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
3
4
ND
2
NA
ND
Maximum
<10
NA
11
11
ND
49
990
75
Mean
<3.3
NA
7
7.7
ND
23
680
7.0
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
NA
0
7 x 10 6
0
0
0
Maximum
0.087
NA
NA
oaoii
0.15
NA
NA
Mean
0.012
NA
0.21
Oa0016
-
0.062
120
0.37
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Mean pollutant concentration below detecton limit.
-------
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR BUTYL BENZYL PHTHALATE3'*5
rt
(D
ui
CTl
Treatment process3
Gas flotation
Gas flotation with chemical addition (calcium chloride, polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Aerated lagoons
Trickling filters
Ozonation
Activated sludge
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Synthetic wastewater Actual
Removal Average Removal
c . J c
range, achievable range,
% cone . , pq/L %
>99d
>99d
>99d
od-e
76->99
>48->99
>99d
54
od-e
25
>97d
od-e
>83->99
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone . , pq/L
ND
<0.03d
<0.03d
-e
2.2
<11
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume III, Ethers, Phthalate Esters, and Nitrosamines. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 99-1 - 99-15.
Date: 8/13/79 1.6.6-5
-------
-------
Compound; N-nitrosodimethylamine Formula; O
N
Alternate Names; N-methyl-N-nitrosomethanamime, i
Dimethylnitrosoamine
CAS tt; 62-75-9
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 74.08 m.p., °C: Not available b.p. (760 torr), °C: 151-153
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Miscible
log octanol/water partition coefficients: 0.06
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Aerobic degradation in continuous activated sludge unit;
2 ppm concentration reduced to below 0.1 ppm
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Slow photolysis in aqueous solution (but fast in atmosphere) is
the principal fate
oxidation: Not important
hydrolysis: Does not occur under natural conditions
volatilization: Much too slow to be important
sorption: Does not occur
biological processes: No bioaccumulation; resistant to biodegradation under
natural conditions
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.7.1-1
-------
ft
CD
• •
vo
\
M
U)
\
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF N-NITROSODIMETHYLAMINEa'
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
°Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
ft
Concentration, pg/L Loading,c kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
fa
rt
ui
VO
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR N-NITROSODIMETHYLAMINE
a,b
M
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone. , pg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., pg/L
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
Aerated lagoons
67
III.5.3
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume III, Ethers, Phthalate Esters, and Nitrosamines. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 116-1 - 116-6.
2. Fochtman, E. G., and W. Eisenberg. Treatability of Carcinogenic and
other Hazardous Organic Compounds. Illinois Institute of Technology
Research Institute, Chicago, Illinois. 58 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.7.1-5
-------
-------
Compound; N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
Formula:
Alternate Names; N-nitroso-N-phenyl benzamine,
Diphenylnitrosoamine
CAS #; 86-30-6
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 198.2 m.p., °C: 66.5 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Not available
log octanol/water partition coefficients: 2.57
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Absorption maximum at 292 run; exact fate unknown
oxidation: Not important
hydrolysis: Does not occur under natural conditions
volatilization: Not important
sorption: Probably adsorbed by organic materials but exact fate unknown
biological processes: Potential for bioaccumulation, biodegradation, and
biotransformation, but quantized data unavailable
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
1,000
pH: 3.0, 7.0,
type of carbon:
adsorbability:
9.0
Not available
42 mg/L; carbon dose re-
quired to reduce pollutant
concentration from 10 mg/L
to 1 mg/L at neutral pH
100
10
0 pH • 3.0
DpH-7.0
•pH-9.0
,1
0.1 1 10
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
100
Date: 8/13/79
1.7.2-1
-------
D
(U
ff
to
X.
tn
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF N-NITROSODIPHENYLAMINE
a,b
H
•
-J
Raw wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Rubber processing
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Minimum
ND
NA
NA
ND
ND
ND
ND
Maximum
30
72
53
1,800
12
1,400
NA
yg/L
Mean
3.8
15d
35
95
30
250
36
c
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
6.3 x 10~5
7.0 x 10~6
8.6 x 10~5
0
0
0
Maximum
0.10
0.43
0.030
0.13
0.020
1.7
NA
Mean
0.014
0.027
0.0011
0.020
0.0028
0.68
0.054
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
••I
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-
half the reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
-------
D
CU
rt
(D
NJ
\
01
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF N-NITROSODIPHENYLAMINE
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M<3/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Rubber processing
H Auto and other laundries
-j Pharmaceutical manufacturing
J,j Foundries
i
Minimum
ND
NA
NA
NA
ND
NA
Maximum
ND
NA
NA
620e
ND
1906
Mean
ND
NA
NA
6206
ND
190e
Q
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
_d
NA
NA
0,00056
_d
0
Maximum
_d
NA
NA
0-87
d
1.3
Mean
_d
NA
NA
0.13
d
0.51
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
'One sample.
-------
D
0)
ri-
ft
VO
NJ
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR N-NITROSODIPHENYLAMINE
a,b
Synthetic
wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal
range, achievable range,
Treatment process % cone., pg/L %
Gas flotation with chemical addition
(calcium chloride, polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Activated sludge
Granular activated carbon adsorption
66d
od'e
>77d
84->99
>82d
Average
achievable
cone . , [iq/L
620d
e
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume III, Ethers, Phthalate Esters, and Nitrosamines. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 117-1 - 117-5.
2. Dobbs, R. A., R. J. Middendorf, and J. M. Cohen. Carbon Adsorption
Isotherms for Toxic Organics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Cincinnati, Ohio, 1978.
Date: 8/13/79 1.7.2-5
-------
-------
Compound; N-nitroso-di-n-propylamine Formula; 0
N
Alternate Names: N-nitroso-N-propyl-1-propanamine, i
Di-n-propylnitrosoamine CaHv-N
CAS #; 621-64-7
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 130.2 m.p., °C: Not available b.p. (760 torr), °C: 205
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 9,900
log octanol/water partition coefficients: 1.31
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Photolysis is slow but is the principal fate of the compound
oxidation: Not important
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: No loss to volatilization reported
sorption: No specific data but moderate adsorption by organic matter is
possible
biological processes: Not important
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.7.3-1
-------
o
OJ
ft
U1
\
VD
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF N-NITROSODI-n-PROPYLAMINE3'
Raw wastewater
Concentration, pg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry
Textile mills
Foundries
Minimum
NA
ND
Maximum
NA
210
Mean
NA
60
Minimum
NA
0
Maximum
NA
0.40
Mean
NA
0.16
OJ
I
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II
of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c.
'Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant con-
centration by industry wastewater discharges as reported in
Section 1.3, where mean is not available one-half the reported
maximum was utilized.
-------
rt
fD
Ul
\
^> INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF N-NITROSODI-n-PROPYLAMINE3'b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M9/L
Industry
Textile mills
Foundries
Minimum
NA
NA
Maximum
19,
34d
Mean
10,
34d
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
4.2 x 10~5
0
Maximum
0.89
0.23
Mean
0.018
0.0071
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
One sample.
-------
D
Q>
rt
(D
M
\
(Ji
\
^J
VD
CJ
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR N-NITROSO-DJ-n-PROPYLAMINE
a,b
a
Treatment process
Activated sludge
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone. , jjg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range , achievable
% cone., pg/L
od -d
Volume III
references ,
Section numbers
III. 5.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
3NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priortiy Pollutants,
Volume III, Ethers, Phthalate Esters, and Nitrosamines. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 118-1 - 118-7.
Date: 8/13/79 1.7.3-5
-------
-------
Compound; Benzidine
Alternate Names:
Formula:
H2N
4,4"-Diaminobiphenyl,
4,4'-Biphenyldiamine,
(1,1*-Biphenyl)-4,4'-diamine
CAS #: 92-87-5
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 184.2 m.p., °C: 129 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 402
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (12°C), mg/L: 400
log octanoI/water partition coefficients: 1.81
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Possible but actual significance uncertain
oxidation: Oxidation by metal cations very fast; also, reactions with oxygen
and/or hyperoxy radical are very important
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Not important
sorption: Very rapid adsorption by clay minerals
biological processes: No bioaccumulation; only slight biodegradation
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79
1.7.4-1
-------
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INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BENZIDINEa/b
Industry
Leather tanning and finishing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading,0 kg/d
Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
NA NA 4 0 NA 0.0060
ND 6 1.2 0 NA 0.064
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
-------
ft
(D
l/l
\
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BENZIDINE
3'*3
Treated wastewater
Concentration,
Loading, kg/d
Industry
Minimum Maximum
Mean
Minimum Maximum
Mean
Foundries
NA
<20
<20
0.13
0.054
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
One sample .
-------
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(D
K)
\
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POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR BENZIDINE
a,b
Aerated
Treatment process
lagoons
Synthetic
Removal
range ,
%
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone . , pg/L
Activated sludge
Actual
Removal
range ,
%
41d
od'e
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , pg/L
7d
e
Volume
Ill
references.
Section
III.
III.
numbers
5.3
5.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
"W - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
™
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
"Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priortiy Pollutants,
Volume III, Ethers, Phthalate Esters, and Nitrosamines. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 119-1 - 11-97.
Date: 8/13/79 1.7.4-5
-------
-------
Compound; 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine
Alternate Names; 3,3'-Dichloro-4,4'-diamino-
(l,l'-biphenyl)
CAS #; 91-94-1
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 253.1 m.p., °C: 132 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Not available
log octanol/water partition coefficients: 3.02
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis*: Probable, but exact importance unknown
oxidation*: Oxidized (especially by metal cations) like benzidine but not
quite as easily
hydrolysis: Probably not important
volatilization*: Not important
sorption*: Adsorption by clay minerals, possibly most important transport
process
biological processes: No data available
other reactions/interactions: Not important
*Based on data for unsubstituted benzidine.
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.7.5-1
-------
D
0>
**
!-•
M
en
\
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INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 3,3'-DICHLOROBENZIDINEa'b
Industry
Coal mining
Nonferrous
metals manufacturing
Raw wastewater
Concentration, pg/L Loading, kg/d
Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
NA NA ND -d -d -d
ND 2 0.3 0 NA 0.016
Ul
I
10 a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
^
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-
half the reported maximum was utilized.
d
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
-------
o
(U
sr
(O
\
Ul
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 3,3'-DICHLOROBENZIDINEa/b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, Mg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
H Coal mining ND <6.7 <0.4 0 0.011 0.0015
-j
• ^.^w__^_^____________^__^.^_»___
^ a
i Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
00 b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
-------
D
Oi
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I-1
to
\
tn
\
-j
VD
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 3,3'-DICHLOROBENZIDINE
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone. , pg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone . ,
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
r*
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priortiy Pollutants,
Volume III, Ethers, Phthalate Esters, and Nitrosamines. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 120-1 - 120-7.
Date: 8/13/79 1.7.5-5
-------
-------
Compound: 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine Formula;
Alternate Names; Hydrazobenzene, N,N'-bianiline
H H
CAS #: 122-66-7
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 184.2 m.p., °C: 131 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Not available
log octanol/water partition coefficients: 3.03
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: No information for 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine; 1,1-Diphenylhydra-
zine reduced from 2 ppm to nondetectable levels during 7-day
static biological test using activated sludge
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Slow photoreduction to aniline possibly leads to destruction of
compound
oxidation: Reversible oxidation to azobenzene occurs; further oxidation
unknown if any
hydrolysis: Only possible in bisulfite wastes of a paper mill or coal mine
volatilization: Not important
sorption: Sorption onto particulates is the main transport process for the
compound
biological processes: No data, but bioaccumulation possible
other reactions/interactions: Intramolecular rearrangement to form benzidine
occurs in acidic solution
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.7.6-1
-------
a
a)
rt
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I
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INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 1,2-DIPHENYLHYDRAZINE
a,b
Raw wastewater
Concentration, pg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
ND
NA
Maximum
<3.3
22<3
10
NA
Mean
<0.4
22<3
2
NA
Q
Load i ng , kg/d
Minimum
0
9.2 x 10~5
0
NA
Maximum
0.011
0.63
0.014
NA
Mean
0.0015
0.040
0.0018
NA
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
3
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
•^
'Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, 1/2 the
reported maximum was utilized.
One sample.
-------
D
OJ
ti-
ro
V£l
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF l,2-DIPHENYLHYDRAZINE
a'b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M9/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Auto and other
Pharmaceutical
Iron and steel
Foundries
laundries
manufacturing
manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
NA
ND
NA
<20
Maximum
<10
NA,
30d
ND
370
180
Mean
<0.6
NA,
30d
ND
120
73
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
NA
2.7 x 10"
e
0
0
Maximum
0.016
NA
5 0.042
_e
NA
0.49
Mean
0.0023
NA
0.0063
e
22
0.20
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available,
one-half the reported maximum was utilized.
One sample.
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
-------
rt-
n>
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 1,2-DIPHENYLHYDRAZINE
a,b
CTl
I
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
cone.,
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., pg/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
Aerated lagoons
Activated sludge
Od,e
Od'e
III. 5. 3
III. 5.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
&
"Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priortiy Pollutants,
Volume III, Ethers, Phthalate Esters, and Nitrosamines. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 121-1 - 121-8.
2. Fochtman, E. G., and W. Eisenberg. Treatability of Carcinogenic and
other Hazardous Organic Compounds. Illinois Institute of Technology
Research Institute, Chicago, Illinois. 58 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.7.6-5
-------
-------
Compound; N-nitrosodimethylamine Formula; O
N
Alternate Names: N-methyl-N-nitrosomethanamime, I
Dimethylnitrosoamine
CAS #; 62-75-9
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 74.08 m.p., °C: Not available b.p. (760 torr), °C: 151-153
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Miscible
log octanol/water partition coefficients: 0.06
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Aerobic degradation in continuous activated sludge unit;
2 ppm concentration reduced to below 0.1 ppm
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Slow photolysis in aqueous solution (but fast in atmosphere) is
the principal fate
oxidation: Not important
hydrolysis: Does not occur under natural conditions
volatilization: Much too slow to be important
sorption: Does not occur
biological processes: No bioaccumulation; resistant to biodegradation under
natural conditions
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.7.7-1
-------
D
d>
rt
NJ
\
Ln
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ACRYLONITRILE
a,b
j
Concentration ,
Textile
Rubber
Industry
mills
processing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
NA
NA
NA
Maximum
1
23
21
,600
,000
,000
d
,3
Raw
wastewater
yg/L
Mean
1,
23,
6,
600d
000
900
Q
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0.0067
0.0046
0
Maximum
46
20
NA
Mean
2.
0.
1,200
9
76
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
3
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, 1/2 the
reported maximum was utilized.
One sample.
-------
ft
(D
vo
--J
•
••J
I
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ACRYLONITRILE
a,b
Treated
Industry
Textile mills
Rubber processing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Foundries
Concentration ,
Minimum
NA
NA
NA
NA
Maximum
400d
23,000
NA ,
23d
(jg/L
wastewater
Loading ,
Mean
23
3
400
,000
,000
23
d
d
d
Minimum
0
0
0
0
.0014
.0046
kg/d
Maximum
0.10
20
NA
0.15
0
0
540
0
Mean
.014
.76
.062
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
3
One sample.
-------
n-
tt>
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\
Ul
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR ACRYLONITRILE
a,b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process3 % cone., pg/L % cone., pg/L Section numbers
Gravity oil separation
NA 30d III. 4.1
a
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume III, Ethers, Phthalate Esters, and Nitrosamines. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 122-1 - 122-7.
Date: 8/13/79 1.7.7-5
-------
-------
Compound; Butylamine Formula; H H H H
H—C—C—C—C—N
Alternate Names; 1-Aminobutane I I I I ^H
H H H H
CAS #; 109-73-9
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 73.14 m.p., °C: -49.1 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 77.8
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 72
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: NOt available
log octanol/water partition coefficients: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Degradation by aerobacter at 3°C of 200 mg/L concentration
was 100% in 7 hours
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not adsorbed by activated carbon
Date: 8/13/79 1.7.8-1
-------
D
(D
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U)
oo
I
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BUTYLAMINE3
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
pg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading,
Minimum
1 kg/d
Maximum
Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
0
0)
ft
(D
M
oo
I
u>
ah
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BUTYLAMINE '
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
a
0)
rt
(T)
to
Ui
\
-J
oo
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR BUTYLAMINE
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., ug/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., pg/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
3NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. CRC Press, Inc. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 58th Edition.
Cleveland, Ohio, 1977.
2. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 144.
Date: 8/13/79 1.7.8-5
-------
-------
Compound; Diethylamine Formula:
HA
Alternate Names: None C2Hs
CAS #: 109-89-7
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 73.14 m.p., °C: -48 to -50 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 56.3
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 200
solubility in water (14°C), mg/L: 815,000
log octanol/water partition coefficients: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.7.9-1
-------
rt
(D
vo
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DIETHYLAMINEa'b
vo
I
NJ
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading,0 kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
O
rt
to
I
u>
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DIETHYLAMINE3'
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L Loading,0 kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
0)
ff
NJ
\
U1
VD
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR DIETHYLAMINE
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., ug/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., ug/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
3NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
rm
"Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 242.
2. CRC Press, Inc. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 58th Edition.
Cleveland, Ohio, 1977. p. C-106.
Date: 8/13/79 1.7.9-5
-------
-------
Compound; Ethylenediamine Formula; H H
H\ I I x"
Alternate Names; Diaminoethane, X ~|~i~ N
1,2-Ethanediamine, H H H
1,2-Diaminoethane
CAS #; 107-15-3
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1-3]
mol. wt. : 60.11 m.p., °C: 8.5 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 116
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 116
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Not available
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 98% ethylenediamine removal (measured as COD removal)
obtained at 20°C in activated sludge at a rate of 9.8 mg
COD/g dry innoculum/hr
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not adsorbed by activated carbon
Date: 8/13/79 1.7.10-1
-------
D
0)
rt
(D
vo
-j
vo
o
I
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INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ETHYLENEDIAMINE3'b
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Q
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
0)
ft
H
o
I
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ETHYLENEDIAMINEa'b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M9/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
^
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
G
0)
n-
n>
cn
-J
vo
o
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR ETHYLENEDIAMINE3'15
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process8 % cone., ug/L % cone., ug/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. CRC Press, Inc. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 58th Edition.
Cleveland, Ohio, 1977.
2. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 317.
3. Fitter, P. Determination of Biological Degradability of Organic Sub-
stances. Water Research, 10:1-5, 1976.
Date: 8/13/79 1.7.10-5
-------
-------
Compound: Monoethylamine Formula: H H
I I ./
tj_ (-«_/"•_«
Alternate Names: Ethylamine, Aminoethane | j \H
H H
CAS #; 75-04-7
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 45.09 m.p., °C: -81 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 16.6
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 910
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Not available
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.7.11-1
-------
a
0>
rt
(D
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF MONOETHYLAMINE9'
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading,0 kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
PJ
rt
0>
to
\
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
ff
ro
en
\
VD
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR MONOETHYLAMINE3'b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone., pg/L % cone., pg/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. CRC Press, Inc. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 58th Edition.
Cleveland, Ohio, 1977.
2. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 305.
Date: 8/13/79 1.7.11-5
-------
-------
Compound: Monomethylamine Formula; H
I /"
H—C— N
Alternate Names: Methylamine, Aminomethane, | SH
Carbinamine, Mercurialin, H.
Methanamine
CAS #; 74-89-5
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 31.06 m.p., °C: -95.3 b.p. (760 torr), °C: -6.3
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: 1,520
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: At 760 torr, 1 volume of water dissolves
959 volumes of gas
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.7.12-1
-------
rt
(D
U)
I
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF MONOMETHYLAMINE3'
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
rt
(D
01
\
^ INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF MONOMETHYLAMINEa/t>
M
•
-J
I
U>
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M9/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
to
"X
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part I, pp. 50, 51,
Date: 8/13/79 1.7-12-5
-------
-------
Compound: Triethylamine Formula;
Alternate Namest None H3CH2C/N\:H2CH3
CAS #; 121-44-8
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 101.2 m.p., °C: -115 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 90
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: 50
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 15,000
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Degradation by Aerobacter at 30°C of 200 mg/L concentra-
tion was 100% in 11 hours
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions;
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.7.13-1
-------
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Date: 9/13/79
1.7.13-2
-------
D
V
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to
OJ
I
OJ
,
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF TRIETHYLAMINE3 '
Treated wastewater
Concentration, Mg/L Loading,0 kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
XI
k.
(0
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Date: 12/5/79
1.7.13-4
-------
REFERENCES
1. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 616
Date: 8/13/79 1.7.13-5
-------
-------
Compound; Trimethylamine Formula; CHa CH3
Alternate Names: None L,
CAS #; 75-50-3
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt. : 59.11 m.p., °C: -117 to -124 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 3.5
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 1,440
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Not available
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.7.14-1
-------
o
0>
ti-
ro
U)
\
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF TRIMETHYLAMINE
I
NJ
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading,0 kg/d
Industry
Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum
Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
ft
(D
NJ
\
Ul
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF TRIMETHYLAMINE3 '
Treated wastewater
Concentration, MQ/L Loading, kq/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
01
rt
(D
to
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR TRIMETHYLAMINE3 /b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% _ cone., pg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal
range,
%
Average
achievable
cone., pg/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 619.
Date: 8/13/79 1.7.14-5
-------
-------
Compound; Phenol
Formula:
Alternate Names; Carbolic acid, Hydroxybenzene,
Phenyl hydroxide, Phenic acid,
Phenyl hydrate
CAS ft: 108-95-2
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 94.11 m.p., °C: 40.9 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 182
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 0.529*
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 93,000
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 1.46
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 98% phenol removal (measured as COD removal) obtained at
20°C in activated sludge at a rate of 80 mg COD/g dry
innoculum/hr
*Vapor pressure of phenol as a supercooled liquid.
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Photooxidation of votalized phenol and photolysis of phenolic
anion may both take place at moderate rates
oxidation: Metal-catalyzed oxidation may take place in highly aerated waters
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Very little, if any, volatilization of phenol occurs
sorption: Not important
biological processes: No bioaccumulation, but very extensive biodegradation
in natural waters
other reactions/interactions: Chlorination of water may produce chlorophenols
Carbon Adsorption Data [3]
pH: 3.0, 7.0, 9.0
type of carbon: Not available
adsorbability: 430 mg/L; carbon dose re- c
quired to reduce pollutant •§
concentration from 10 mg/L ^,
to 1 mg/L at neutral pH |>
te
1,000
10
o pH-3.0
o pH-7.0
* pH-9.0
I
• In
0.1 1 10
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
100
Date: 8/13/79
1.8.1-1
-------
D
D)
rt
(D
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF PHENOL
a,b
VD
H
•
00
I
Ki
Raw wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Explosives manufacture
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generators
(condenser cooling system)
Steam electric power generators
(water treatment)
Steam electric power generators
(ash handling)
Inorganic chemicals manufacturing
Coil coating
Foundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
15
BDL
13
ND
130
NA
<1
ND
ND
66
5
NA
6
NA
NA
ND
10
NA
ND
Maximum
<10,000
4,900
70
87,000
4,900
3,800
23/000
440
58
840
17,000
210
20
NA
40
160
169
26,000
NA
670,000
70
yg/L
Mean
<2,100
55d
40
8,000*!
>245°
560
5,600
230
<7
28
1,400
140
7.5
20
25
NA
16g
1,500
2,500
17,000
12
^
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0.00023
0
0
0
0
0.050
4.6 x 10-=
0
2.5 x 10-'
0
0
0.0004
1 x 10~7
0.00048
0
0.0008
0
0
0
0
Maximum
56
1.6
0.014
370
23
0.026
42
0.20
NA
0.039
9.5
NA
8.2 x 10~3
1.2
2.5
10
0.0029
10
NA
NA
NA
Mean
7.9
0.099
0.00017
0.69
1.4
0.00090
9.2
0.0076
0.21
0.0059
1.3
5.2
0.0018
0.003
0.55
2
0.0077
4.1
3.8
3,100
0.64
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not. available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
^Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
lischarges as reported in Section 1.3, where mean is not available, 1/2 the reported maximum was
utilized.
Median, not average
Average of medians reported for various industry segments.
Average of maximums reported for various industry segments.
sample.
-------
rt
(D
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF PHENOL
a,b
N)
U1
\
VD
H
•
00
Treated wastewater
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Explosives manufacture
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Leather tanning and finishing
Concentration, M9/L
Minimum
ND
NA
BDL
NA
ND
NA
NA
NA
<1
ND
ND
<0.01
<10
NA
ND
Maximum
<10,000
50
16,000
NA
1,200
850
12,000
NA
72
120
17,000
<0.01
34,000
53,000
1,400
Mean
<2,000,
14H
15*
59d
140
8506
3,000
NA
<11
38
1,700
<0.01
6,100
900
320
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
5.9 x 10"5
0
0
0
0.0076
0.00060
NA
0
3.4 x 10~5
0
0
0
0
0
Maximum
53
0.40
0.69
5.5
0.0064
6.4
2.6
NA
NA
0.053
12
NA
41
NA
NA
Mean
7.6
0.025
0.0012
0.34
0.00022
1.4
0.099
NA
0.33
0.0080
1.6
<0. 00037
16
160
0.48
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Median, not average.
One sample.
-------
G
0)
ft
(D
ro
-j
VD
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR PHENOL3'b
oo
*
M
I
Treatment process3
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation
Gas flotation with chemical addition (calcium chloride, polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, lime)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum)
Aerated lagoons
Trickling filters
Solvent extraction
Activated sludge
Powdered activated carbon adsorption
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Reverse osmosis
Synthetic wastewater Actual
Removal Average Removal
range, achievable range,*"
% cone., pg/L %
NA
26-51
46-80
36-72
od-e
26->93
40->99
48-96
18->37
14-29
od-e
>80->90
>55->99
od-e
65->99
82->99
>83->85
>60->96
33-80
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone . , pg/L
2,200
1,200
87
18
e
3,400
<21
25
<10
37
_e
<5
<14
e
2,200.000
79
95,000
0.7
2.9
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
III. 4.1
III. 4. 4
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 6
III. 4. 2
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 5. 3
III. 5. 2
III. 5. 6
III. 5.1
III. 6. 2
III. 6.1
III. 6. 9
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume VI, Phenols, Cresols, and Monocyclic Aromatics. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 83-1 - 83-11.
2. Fitter, P. Determination of Biological Degradability of Organic Sub-
stances. Water Research, 10:1-5, 1976.
3. Dobbs, R. A., R. J. Middendorf, and J. M. Cohen. Carbon Adsorption
Isotherms for Toxic Organics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Cincinnati, Ohio, 1978.
Date: 8/13/79 1.8.1-5
-------
-------
Compound; 2-Chlorophenol Formula;
Alternate Names: o-Chlorophenol
CAS #; 95-57-8
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 128.6 m.p., °C: 8.4 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 176
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 2.2 (calculated)
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 28,500
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 2.17
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 96% 2-chlorophenol removal (measured as COD removal)
obtained at 20°C in activated sludge at a rate of 25 mg
COD/g dry innoculum/hr
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Photolysis occurs in aqueous alkali, but environmental
importance is unknown
oxidation: Insufficient data
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Probably occurs, but not fast enough to be important
sorption: Slight potential for adsorption by lipophilic materials
biological processes: No bioaccumulation; much more resistant to biodegrada-
tion than phenol
other reactions/interactions: Chlorination of water could further chlorinate
2-chlorophenol
Carbon Adsorption Data [3]
pH: 5.5
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
1,000
I 10°
te
if
i1
.=- 10
0.1 1 10
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
100
Date: 8/13/79
1.8.2-1
-------
D
(u
ri-
(D
ro
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 2-CHLOROPHENOL
a,b
H
•
00
•
NJ
I
Raw wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Pulp, paper, paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Steam electric power generators
(water treatment)
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
BDL
NA
ND
ND
NA
ND
NA
Maximum
86
78
42
NA
1
22
NA
210
36,000
yg/L
Mean
12d
78
15e
NA
1
2.4
f
27
53
1,400
/**
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0.00033
0
NA
9 x 10-"7
0
2 x 10-7
0
0
Maximum
0.32
2.2
0.69
NA
0.0014
0.016
1.6
0.35
NA
Mean
0.045
0.14
0.0013
NA
0.00021
0.0022
0.004
0.14
250
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
'Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, 1/2 the
reported maximum was utilized.
One sample
D
'Median, not average.
Average of medians reported for various industry segments.
-------
D
PJ
ft
to
\
en
00
I
UJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 2-CHLOROPHENOL
a,b
Treated
Concentration, pg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum Maximum Mean
NA
NA
BDL
NA
NA
ND
8
NA
ND
5.96
4
9e
26
55
40
NA
ND
5.9e
BDL
96
26
6.
22
11
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
_d
2,5 x 10~5
_d
0
1.8 x 10~6
0
0
0
Maximum
_d
0,17
_d
NA
0.0028
NA
0.15
NA
Mean
_d
0,011
d
0.27
0.00042
0.0055
0.059
2.0
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
m
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
&
"One sample.
-------
0
fl)
ft-
CO
to
VD
M
•
CO
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 2-CHLOROPHENOL3'b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone., |jg/L % cone., \jq/L Section numbers
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation with chemical addition
(polymer)
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(lime, polymer)
Activated sludge
Powdered activated carbon adsorption
NA 33d III. 4.1
Od'e -e III. 4. 5
44->88 <10 III. 4. 2
Od <5d III. 4. 3
46-92 5.5 III. 5.1
81d 190,000d III. 6. 2
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
a
"Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume VI, Phenols, Cresols, and Monocyclic Aromatics. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 84-1 - 84-8.
2. Fitter, P. Determination of Biological Degradability of Organic Sub-
stances. Water Research, 10:1-5, 1976.
3. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.8.2-5
-------
-------
Compound; 2,4-Dichlorophenol Formula;
Alternate Names; 2,4-DCP
CAS #; 120-83-2
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
OH
Cl
mol. wt.: 163.0
m.p.
"C: 45
b.p. (760 torr), °C: 210
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 0.12 (calculated)
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 4,500
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 2.75
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 98% 2,4-dichlorophenol removal (measured as COD removal)
obtained at 20°C in activated sludge at a rate of 10 mg
COD/g dry innoculum/hr
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Photolysis possible, but cannot compete with microbial
biodegradation
oxidation: Any oxidation which occurs is too slow to be important
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: No data, but not expected to be important
sorption: Sorption will not remove significant amounts of 2,4-Dichlorophenol
biological processes: Rapid microbial degradation is the principal fate of
2,4-DCP
other reactions/interactions: Chlorination of water may produce further
chlorination of 2,4-DCP
Carbon Adsorption Data [3]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
1,000
I 100
X
10
1 i i i i I I I I I | | 1 I | I 111
0.1 1 10
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
100
Date: 8/13/79
1.8.3-1
-------
ft
(D
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 2,4-DICHLOROPHENOL
a,b
NJ
Ul
\
VD
H
•
00
U)
I
Raw wastewater
Concentration, pg/L
Industry
Textile mills
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Steam electric power generating
(water treatment)
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling)
Leather tanning and finishing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
NA
NA ,
ND '.
ND
NA
NA
NA
ND
NA
Maximum
41
2a
<10
5
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Mean
26S
2
2
1
NA
240f
83
16
35
Loading,0 kg/d
Minimum
0.00011
0
1.8 x 10~6
0
NA
1.5 x 10-6
1.8
0
0
Maximum
0.75
NA
0.0028
0.0068
NA
14
8.1
NA
NA
Mean
0.047
0.060
0.00042
0.00092
NA
0.036
0.0016
0.024
6.3
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
'Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
One sample.
3
'Average of medians reported for various industry segments.
Average of maximums reported for various industry segments.
-------
ft
CD
NJ
oo
•
U)
I
U>
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 2,4-DICHLOROPHENOL
a'b
Treated
Concentration, M
-------
o
D>
rt
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 2,4-DICHLOROPHENOL
a,b
oo
•
U)
Treatment process
a
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
cone., ug/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
cone., pg/L
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
Gas flotation with chemical addition
(polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Activated sludge
Od,e
od'e
33-98
>25->50
-e
e
29
<7
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 6
III. 4. 2
III. 5.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL
Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
eActual data indicate negative removal.
- below detection limit.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume VI, Phenols, Cresols, and Monocyclic Aromatics. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 85-1 - 85-8.
2. Fitter, P. Determination of Biological Degradability of Organic Sub-
stances. Water Research, 10:1-5, 1976.
3. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.8-3-5
-------
-------
Compound; 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol Formula:
Alternate Names; None
CAS #; 88-06-2
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 197.4 m.p., °C: 68 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 244
vapor pressure (76.5°C), torr: 1.0
solubility in water (25°C), mg/k: 800
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 3.38
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 100% degradation of 200 mg/L solution by Pseudomonas at
30°C in 120 hr
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Reported in experiments, but environmental significance unknown
oxidation: Too slow to be important
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Not important
sorption: High potential for sorption by organic materials; rate unknown
biological processes: Biodegradation very important, but exact rate uncertain
due to variations between data
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data [3]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
1,000
m
10
NOTE SCALE
10 100
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
1,000
Date: 8/13/79
1.8.4-1
-------
o
0)
ti-
ro
to
\
en
oo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 2,4,6-TRICHLOROPHENOL
a,b
Raw wastewater
Concentration
Industry
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Leather tanning and finishing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
NA
BDL
NA
<1
NA
ND
NA
ND
ND
NA
Maximum
' t 27
530
NA
5
NA
7
NA
25,000
350
NA
i yg/L
Mean
20d
250d
NA
<3
NA
1.4
30
3,000
67
39
Loading,0 kg/d
Minimum
8.4 x 10~5
0
NA
0
NA
0
0.0016
0
0
0
Maximum
0.58
11
NA
NA
NA
0.0095
0.033
NA
0.45
NA
Mean
0.036
0.022
NA
0.09
NA
0.0013
0.0072
5.0
0.18
7
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
'Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the
reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
-------
o
pj
ti-
ro
NJ
\
U1
00
I
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 2,4,6-TRICHLOROPHENOL
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M9/L
Industry
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Leather tanning and finishing
Minimum
NA
BDL
NA
<1
ND
2
NA
ND
Maximum
19d
5
14,000
72
6
600
NA
4,300
Mean
19d
BDL
14,000
<18
0.6
110
11
730
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
8 x 10"5
e
0.0028
0
5 x 10 7
0
0
0
Maximum
0.55
e
12
NA
0.0041
0.74
NA
NA
Mean
0.034
_e
0.46
0.54
0.00055
0.30
2.0
1.1
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
One sample.
&
"Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
-------
o
0)
rt
(D
ro
\
en
00
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 2,4,6-TRICHLOROPHENOL
a,b
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
Treatment process % cone., |Jg/L
Gas flotation with chemical addition
(calcium chloride, polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Aerated lagoons
Trickling filters
Activated sludge
Actual
Removal
range.
%
od'e
80d
oe
>99d
od'e
36-98
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone . , pg/L
e
69d
e
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume VI, Phenols, Cresols, and Monocyclic Aromatics. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 86-1 - 86-8.
2. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York 1977. p. 612.
3. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.8.4-5
-------
-------
Compound; Pentachlorophenol
Formula:
OH
Alternate Names; PCP, Chlorophen, Pentachlorol
CAS #; 87-86-5
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [I, 2]
mol. wt.: 266.4 m.p., °C: 190 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 310
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 0.00011 (calculated)
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 14
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 5.01
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Decomposition rate in soil suspension, >72 days for
complete dissapearance
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Forms a variety of products; very important fate
oxidation: Not important
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Not important
sorption: Sorption by organic materials provides storage and transport process
biological processes: Strongly bioaccumulated by many organisms; biodegraded
gradually by microbes
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data [3]
1,000
pH: 3.0, 7.0, 9.0
type of carbon:
adsorbability:
Not available
62 mg/L; carbon dose re-
quired to reduce pollutant
concentration from 10 mg/L
to 1 mg/L at neutral pH
100
fe
•8
10
o pH - 3.0
opH-7.0
»pH-9.0
0.1 1 10
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION. mg/L
100
Date: 8/13/79
1.8.5-1
-------
rt
(D
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF PF.NTACHLOROPHENOL
a ,h
to
\
cn
c»
•
cn
I
ro
Raw wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Paint and ink formulation
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling)
Inorganic chemicals manufacturing
Foundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
d
ND
NA
90
ND
NA
<1
ND
ND
NA
NA
ND
ND
ND
NA
Maximum
d
ND
940
310,000
27,000
31
9
9
62
NA
NA
1,600
NA
17
NA
pg/L
Mean
d
ND
52
13,000G
3,300
17
<4
3
4.4
51
NA
120
1,700
1.5
76
Loading,0 kg/d
Minimum
BDL
0.00022
0
0
3 x 10~6
0
2.7 x ID"6
0
0.00097
NA
0
0
0
0
Maximum
BDL
1.5
600
0.15
0.015
NA
0.0042
0.030
5.0
NA
0.80
NA
NA
NA
Mean
BDL
0.094
1.1
0.0053
0.00056
0.12
0.00063
4.04
1.1
NA
0.32
1.1 x 10~6
0.079
14
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
DNA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
'Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maxi-
mum was utilized.
One sample.
21
"Average of medians reported for various industry segments.
-------
D
0)
rt
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF PENTACHLOROPHENOL
a,b
Ul
00
I
U)
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Paint and ink formulation
Rubber processing
Minimum
ND
NA
32
ND
NA
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills <1
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Leather tanning and finishng
10
ND
12
NA
ND
Maximum
<3.3
15
130,000
490
ioe
200
58
ND
140
NA
3,100
Mean
<0,7
12rf
910d
120
ioe
<25
34
ND
49
10
570
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
5.0 x 10"5
0
0
2.0 x 10~6
0
3.1 x 10~5
ND
0
0
0
Maximum
0.018
0.029
42
0.0055
0.0086
NA
0.0476
ND
0.33
NA
NA
Mean
0.0026
0.024
0.078
0.00019
0.00033
0.75
0.0071
ND
0.13
1.8
0.86
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Tledian, not average.
One sample.
-------
D
ft)
ft
(D
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR PENTACHLOROPHENOL
a,b
Ul
H
•
00
•
Ul
I
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
Treatment process % cone., (Jg/L
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation with chemical addition
(calcium chloride, polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition
(polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(alum, polymer)
Aerated lagoons
Trickling filters
Activated sludge
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Actual
Removal
c
range ,
%
NA
od'e
9-19
29->87
55d
>96d
>71d
od'e
70->99
63->97
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , M<3/L
330
e
19
7.5
24d
<0.4d
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume VI, Phenols, Cresols, and Monocyclic Aromatics. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 87-1 - 87-12.
2. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 511.
3. Dobbs, R. A., R. J. Middendorf, and J. M. Cohen. Carbon Adsorption
Isotherms for Toxic Organics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Cincinnati, Ohio, 1978.
Date: 8/13/79 1.8.5-5
-------
-------
Compound; 2-Nitrophenol Formula;
^Sk^- NO2
Alternate Names; o-Nitrophenol, 2-Hydroxy-
nitrobenzene
CAS #; 88-75-5
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 139.11 m.p., °C: 45.3 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 216
vapor pressure (49.3°C), torr: 1.0
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 2,100
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 1.76
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 97% 2-nitrophenol removal (measured as COD removal)
obtained at 20% C in activated sludge at a rate of
14 mg COD/g dry innoculum/hr
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Slow photolysis is very probable fate
oxidation: Oxidation by hydroxy radical attack; no rate available
hydrolysis: Slight potential for hydrolysis after adsorption by clay materials
volatilization: Volatilization occurs, but is not important
sorption: Adsorbed to a moderate degree by clay minerals
biological processes: No bioaccumulation; very resistant to biodegradation
under natural conditions
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.8.6-1
-------
o
fl)
r+
(D
u>
vo
GO
1
N)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 2-NITROPHENOLa/t>
Raw wastewater
Concentration, M9/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Rubber processing
Minimum
ND
NA
NA
Maximum Mean
19 2.7
NA , NA ,
9.4d 9.4d
Minimum
Loading, kg/d
Maximum
Mean
0 0.071 0.010
NA NA NA
0.000002 0.0081 0.00031
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the
Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration
by industry wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean
is not available, one-half the reported maximum was utilized.
One sample.
-------
ff
Ul
00
•
(Ti
I
co
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 2-NITROPHENOL
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, rag/L
Industry Minimum Maximum
Coal mining
Textile mills
Rubber processing
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
NA
NA
NA
ND
<20
NA
ND
4.1e
4.9e
4,100
40
150
Mean
ND
4.1e
4.9e
290
30
26
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
d
1.7 x 10 s
9.8 x 10"7
0
0
0
Maximum
d
0.12
0 . 0042
2.0
0.20
NA
Mean
d
0.0074
0.00016
0.27
0.081
4.7
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the
Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration
by industry wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean
is not available, one-half the reported maximum was utilized.
rlean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
g
One sample.
-------
to
\
l/l
H
•
00
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 2-NITROPHENOL3'b
Treatment process
Gravity oil separation
Sedimentation
Activated sludge
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., pg/L
Actual
Removal
range ,
%
NA
>47d
>99d
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , |Jg/L
150d
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume VI, Phenols, Cresols, and Monocyclic Aromatics. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 88-1 - 88-9.
2. Fitter, P. Determination of Biological Degradability of Organic Sub-
stances. Water Research, 10:1-5, 1976.
Date: 8/13/79 1.8.6-5
-------
-------
Compound: 4-Nitrophenol Formula:
Alternate Names: p-Nitrophenol,
4-Hydroxynitrobenzene
CAS #; 100-07-7
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 139.1 m.p., °C: 115 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 279
vapor pressure (146°C), torr: 2.2
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 16,000
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 1.91
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 95% 4-nitrophenol removal (measured as COD removal) obtained
at 20°C in activated sludge at a rate of 18 mg COD/g dry
innoculum/hr
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Photolysis is slow, but might be the only degradative process
which occurs
oxidation: Attack by hydroxy radicals at C-2 and C-4 positions occurs, but
no rate is available
hydrolysis: Slight possibility of hydrolysis to 1, 4-benzoquinone after
sorption by clay minerals
volatilization: Not important
sorption: Slight potential for irreversible sorption by clay minerals
biological processes: No bioaccumulation; resists biodegradation under
natural conditions and inhibits microbial growth
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data [3]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
1,000
100
i
IQ
W
10
0.1 1 10
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
100
Date: 8/13/79
1.8.7-1
-------
rt
(D
to
\
ui
\
^j
vo
CO
I
M
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 4-NITROPHENOL
a,b
Raw wastewater
Concentration, ug/L
Industry
Textile mills
Auto and other
Pharmac eut ic a 1
Foundries
laundries
manufacturing
Minimum
NA
ND
ND
ND
Maximum Mean
NA NA
15 13
3,500 400
NA 400
Loading,
Minimum
NA
1.1 x lO-5
0
0
C kg/d
Maximum
0.
2.
2.
NA
018
8
7
Mean
NA
0.0027
0.37
1.1
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II
of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant con-
centration by industry wastewater discharges as reported in
Section 1.3, where mean is not available 1/2 the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
0)
-J
V0
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 4-NITROPHENOL
a,b
oo
I
u>
Treated wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Textile mills
Auto and other
Pharmaceutical
Foundries
laundries
manufacturing
Minimum
NA
NA
ND
6
Maximum
d
NDd
1,100
20
kig/L
Mean
-------
D
0)
rf
CD
U1
•-J
VD
CO
•
>0
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 4-NITROPHENOL
a,b
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range , achievable
Treatment process % cone., H9/L
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(lime, polymer)
Aerated lagoons
Activated sludge
aSee Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection
c . - ,
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range , achievable
% cone . , pg/L
od'e -e
>9 <10
>23d <10d
>99d <0.9d
limit.
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
III. 4. 2
III. 4. 3
III. 5. 3
III. 5.1
Only one data point.
2Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume VI, Phenols, Cresols, and Monocyclic Aromatics. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 89-1 - 89-8.
2. Fitter, P. Determination of Biological Degradability of Organic Sub-
stances. Water Research, 10:1-5, 1976.
3. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.8.7-5
-------
-------
Compound; 2,"4-Dinitrophenol Formula;
Alternate Names; Aldifen, 2,4-DNP
CAS #; 51-28-5
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
N02
N02
mol. wt. : 184.11 m.p., °C: 114
b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (18°C), mg/L: 5,600
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 1.53
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 85% 2,4-dinitrophenol removal (measured as COD removal)
obtained at 20°C in activated sludge at a rate of 6.0 mg
COD/g dry innoculum/hr
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Degradation by slow photolysis may be principal fate
oxidation: Oxidation by hydroxy radicals could occur, but no environmental
rate is available
hydrolysis: Slight possibility for hydrolysis after adsorption by clay
minerals
volatilization: Not important
sorption: Slight potential for sorption by clay minerals
biological processes: No bioaccumulation; uncertain amount of biodegradation
under natural conditions
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data [3] i ooo
pH: 3.0, 7.0, 9.0
type of carbon: Not available
adsorbability: 270 mg/L; carbon dose re- e
quired to reduce pollutant % 100
concentration from 10 mg/L =,
to 1 mg/L at neutral pH S
*- 10
0 pH = 3.0
0 pH=7.0
* pH=9.0
.1
. i....I
0.1 1 10
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, tng/L
100
Date: 8/13/79
1.8.8-1
-------
ti-
ro
to
\
tn
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 2,4-DINITROPHENOL
a,b
H
•
00
•
00
I
to
Raw wastewater
Concentration, jjg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry
Coal mining
Auto and other laundries
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling)
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
NA
ND
NA
NA
Maximum
ND
19
NA
440
Mean Minimum
ND
19 1.7 x 10~5
508 0.00095
33 0
Maximum
_d
0.027
4.9
NA
Mean
d
0.004
1.1
5.9
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
'Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3, where mean is not available 1/2 the
reported maximum was utilized.
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
a
'Average of medians reported for various industry segments.
-------
D
OJ
ri-
ft
to
\
01
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 2,4-DINITROPHENOL3'
Treated wastewater
Concentration, |Jg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Auto and other
Iron and steel
laundries
manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
NA
Maximum
<3,3
NDd
130
Mean
<0,7
NDd
53
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
e
0
Maximum
0.018
_e
NA
Mean
0.0026
e
9.5
H
•
00
•
00
I
w Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of
the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
p
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concen-
tration by industry wastewater discharges as reported in Section
1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
One sample.
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
-------
o
fU
rt
tt>
to
\
en
oo
•
00
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 2,4-DINITROPHENOL3'
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone., ug/L % cone., ug/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
c
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume VI, Phenols, Cresols, and Monocyclic Aromatics. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 90-1 - 90-9.
2. Fitter, P. Determination of Biological Degradability of Organic Sub-
stances. Water Research, 10:1-5, 1976.
3. Dobbs, R. A., R. J. Middendorf, and J. M. Cohen. Carbon Adsorption
Isotherms for Toxic Organics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Cincinnati, Ohio, 1978.
Date: 8/13/79 1.8.8-5
-------
-------
Compound; Resorcinol
Formula:
Alternate Names; m-Hydroxyphenol,
1,3-Dihydroxybenzene,
1,3-Benzenediol, Resorcin
CAS #; 108-46-3
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
mol. wt.: 110.1 m.p., °C: 276-280
vapor pressure (138°C), torr: 5
solubility in water (30°C), mg/L: 2,290,000
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 90% resorcinol removal (measured as COD removal) obtained
at 20°C in activated sludge at a rate of 58 mg COD/g dry
innoculum/hr
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data [3]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrsorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
1,000
100
10
0.1 1 10
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
100
Date: 8/13/79
1.8.9-1
-------
o
P>
rt
(D
VD
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF RESORCINOLa'b
00
•
10
to
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading ,
Minimum
1 kg/d
Maximum
Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£J
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
rt
n>
Ul
00
I
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF RESORCINOL3'*3
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Treated
pg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading,
Minimum
kq/d
Maximum
Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
to
00
•
\&
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR RESORCINOL3'b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone., ug/L % cone . , pg/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 562.
2. Fitter, P. Determination of Biological Degradability of Organic Sub-
stances. Water Research, 10:1-5, 1976.
3. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. pp. 132.
Date: 8/13/79 1.8.9-5
-------
-------
Compound; 2,4-Dimethylphenol Formula;
JL CH3
Alternate Names; 2,4-Xylenol,
l-Hydroxy-2,4-dimethylbenzene
CAS jh 105-67-9
CH3
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [I, 2]
mol. wt. : 122.2 m.p., °C: 24.5 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 211
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 0.0621*
solubility in water (160°C), mg/L: 17,000
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 2.50
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 95% 2,4-dimethylphenol removed (measured as COD removal)
obtained at 20°C in activated sludge at a rate of 28 mg
COD/g dry innoculum/hr
*Vapor pressure as a supercooled liquid.
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Photooxidation definitely occurs, but rate and importance are
unknown
oxidation: Metal-catalyzed oxidation may occur in aerated surface waters
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Not important
sorption: Slight potential for adsorption onto organic materials
biological processes: Available data are conflicting and inconclusive, but
biodegradation can occur
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.8.10-1
-------
rt
0>
to
Ln
\
VD
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 2,4-DIMETHYL PHENOL
a,b
oo
o
I
to
Raw
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Textile mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Coil coating
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
BDL
NA
NA
ND
ND
270
p
216
ND
NA
ND
Maximum
22
6,600
NA
NA
460
ND
270
p
2ie
1,100
84,000
14
Mean
4.8
l,300d
100
NA
20
ND
270
p
21
81
4,000
7
wastewater
c
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
0
0
0
NA
1.8 x 10~8
ND
0
p
0.001
0
0
0
Maximum
0.074
60
9.3
NA
0.028
ND
NA
0.038
0.54
NA
NA
Mean
0.010
0.11
0.58
NA
0.0042
ND
10
0.010
0.22
720
0.37
ainformation contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3, where mean is not available 1/2 the reported maximum was
utilized.
Median, not average.
Q
One sample.
-------
rt
(D
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 2,4-DIMETHYLPHENOL
a,b
to
Ul
\
-J
00
o
I
U)
Treated
Concentration, p<3/L
Industry Minimum
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
NA
NA
BDL
NA
NA
ND
<10
NA
Maximum
ND
8.06
140
8e
29e
8.0
490
70
Mean
ND
8.06
BDL
86
296
2.0
120
10
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum Maximum
_d
3.4 x 10~5
-d
0
2.6 x 10~s
0
0
0
_d
0.23
-d
0.74
0.041
0.014
0.80
NA
Mean
_d
0.014
-d
0.046
0.0061
0.0018
0.32
1.8
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the
Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
^
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by
industry wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not
available, one-half the reported maximum was utilized.
TIean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
One sample.
-------
o
ft
(D
• •
M
to
>£>
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 2,4-DIMETHYLPHENOL
a,b
00
O
I
Synthetic wastewater
Average
Treatment process
Removal
range, achievable
cone., |jg/L
%
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
cone., pg/L
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation with
(calcium chloride
Gas flotation with
(polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with
(lime, polymer)
Activated sludge
Granular activated
chemical addition
, polymer)
chemical addition
chemical addition
carbon adsorption
NA
>99d
od'e
oe
18->55
76
32-95
>89d
210 III. 4.1
<0.1d III. 4. 5
-e III. 4. 5
-e III. 4. 6
<15 III. 4. 2
<10 III. 4. 3
<9 III. 5.1
<0.1d III. 6.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
bNA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL
^
Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
o
Actual data indicate negative removal.
- below detection limit.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume VI, Phenols, Cresols, and Monocyclic Aromatics. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 91-1 - 91-9.
2. Fitter, P. Determination of Biological Degradability of Organic Sub-
stances. Water Research, 10:1-5, 1976.
Date: 8/13/79 1.8.10-5
-------
-------
Compound; Total phenols Formula: Derivatives of phenol
Alternate Names; Hydroxybenzenes,
Phenoyl hydroxides
CAS ft; See sections on individual phenols
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties
See sections on individual phenols.
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Photooxidation is important only for phenol, pentachlorophenol,
nitrophenols, and possibly alkyl phenols
oxidation: Probably not important for any phenols
hydrolysis: Probably not important for any phenols
volatilization: Phenols are volatilized very little
sorption: Important for highly chlorinated phenols and possibly for
nitrophenols
biological processes: Biodegradation is very important for chlorophenols,
but not for nitrophenols
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data: See sections on individual phenols
Date: 8/13/79 1.8.11-1
-------
o
0J
ff
to
vo
H
•
00
I
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF TOTAL PHENOLS
a,b
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Timber products processing
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Steam electric power generating
(water treatment)
Steam electric power generating
(drainage)
Leather tanning and finishing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
BDL
NA
460
<0.002
<10
NA
NA
110
ND
Maximum
1,300
NA
53,000
0.22
'100
NA
NA
110,000
28
Mean
75d
NA
8,500
<0.032
50
20d
500
1,800
0.98
Q
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
NA
0.076
0
0.0027
1.0 x 10~7d
0.0043d
0
0
Maximum
3.4
NA
64
NA
0.055
1.2d
0.18
NA
NA
Mean
0.0064
NA
14
<0.0012
0.012
0.003d
o.oiod
2.7
0.052
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
-t
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, 1/2 the reported maximum was
utilized.
Average of medians reported for various industry segments.
-------
D
fi)
rt
(D
Ul
\
-J
H
f
00
I
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF TOTAL PHENOLS
a,b
Treated
Concentration, M9/L
Industry
Timber products processing
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Auto and other laundries
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
0.048
BDL
29
<1.0
0.006
Maximum
680
1,900
14,000
264
25
Mean
51
130
3,300
62
1.6
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0
0.030
5.6 x 10"5
0
Maximum
2.3
0.0060
25
0.087
NA
Mean
0.0044
0.00021
5.4
0.013
0.085
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
•1
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean, pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
fl)
rt
(D
to
\
tn
\
-j
VO
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR TOTAL PHENOLS
a,b
oo
Treatment process3
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation
Gas flotation with chemical addition (calcium chloride, polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, lime)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (sulfide)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (BaCl2)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime)
Tertiary polishing lagoons
Aerated lagoons
Trickling filters
Ultrafiltration
Solvent extraction
Ozonation
Activated sludge
Powdered activated carbon adsorption (with activated sludge)
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Reverse osmosis
Synthetic wastewater Actual
Removal Average Removal
range, achievable range, C
% cone . , pq/L %
NA
4d
48-96
36->50
13d
15-65
38-96
11-22
29-58
od-e
30-60
17-31
22-33
23-46
65->99
79-81->99
36-82
98->99
41->99
61->99
>99
58-99
27-81
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , uq/L
24,000
23,000d
410
210
94d
65,000
390
670
190
e
100
56,000
170
40
11
72,000-79,000
83,000
55
<19,000
23
1,100
13
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
III. 4.1
III. 4. 4
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 6
III. 4. 2
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 5. 3
III. 5. 3
III. 5. 2
III. 4. 7
III. 5. 6
III. 6. 14
III. 5.1
III. 6. 2
III. 6.1
III. 6. 9
See Volume III for detailed information.
MA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume VI, Phenols, Cresols, and Monocyclic Aromatics. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 84-1 - 93-8.
Date: 8/13/79 1.8.11-5
-------
-------
Compound; p-Chloro-m-cresol
Formula:
Alternate Names:
CAS #: 59-50-7
4-Chloro-m-cresol,
4-Chloro-3-methylphenol,
2-Chloro-5-hydroxytoluene
CH3
Cl
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 142 m.p., °C: 66 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 235
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 3,850
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 2.95
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Based on data for 4-chlorophenol, intramolecular photolysis
may be a very important fate
oxidation: No data; probably not important
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Not important
sorption: Data inconclusive, but potential for adsorption by organics exists
biological processes: No data on bioaccumulation; biodegradation data not
applicable to environment
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79
1.8.12-1
-------
ft
tt>
NJ
tn
\
VD
00
I
N)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF p-CHLORO-W-CRESOL'
a,b
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Textile mills
Petroleum refining
Auto and other laundries
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
NA
NA
ND
ND
NA
Maximum
168d
NA
<10
280
4,300
Mean
168d
NA
50
42
200
Loading,0 kg/d
Minimum
0.00070
NA
5 x 10-7
0
0
Maximum
4.8
NA
0.0007
0.28
NA
Mean
0.30
NA
0.0001
0.11
36
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
'Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
One sample.
-------
to
\
Ul
CO
to
I
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF p-CHLORO-0-CRESOL
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M9/L
Industry
Textile mills
Petroleum refining
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
NA
NA
<20
NA
Maximum
32d,
0.2d
63
NA
Mean
32d
0.2d
41
27
Q
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0.00013
0
0
0
Maximum
0.92
0.019
0.27
NA
Mean
0.058
0.0012
0.11
4.9
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
r*
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
One sample.
-------
O
to
rt
(D
*•
I-1
M
\
Ul
\
^ POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE
FOR p-CHLORO-m-CRESOLa'b
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range , achievable
Treatment process % cone., vg/L
Gravity oil separation
,_, Filtration
HH
oo Sedimentation with chemical addition
J_j (lime, polymer)
M
i Activated sludge
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Actual
Removal
range ,
%
NA
oe
44d
65->98
>83d
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , pg/L
120d
e
62d
<4
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume VI, Phenols, Cresols, and Monocyclic Aromatics. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 92-1 - 92-7.
Date: 8/13/79 1.8.12-5
-------
-------
Compound: 4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol Formula;
Alternate Names; DNOC, 2,4-Dinitro-6-methyl-phenol
CAS #; 534-52-1
NO2
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 198.1 m.p., °C: 85.8 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Not available
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 2.85
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 1% removal after 48 hours incubation for initial concen-
tration of 207 mg/L
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Gradual photooxidation should occur, but relative importance
uncertain
oxidation: Hydroxyl radicals may displace nitro groups
hydrolysis: Hydrolysis may occur after adsorption by clay minerals
volatilization: Not important
sorption: Adsorption by clay should be an important transport process
biological processes: Toxicity rules out bioaccumulation; biodegradation
occurs in soil, possibly in water
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.8.13-1
-------
o
{a
rt
(D
ro
en
\
vo
00
I
ro
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 4,6-DINITRO-O-CRESOL
a,b
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
ND
ND
ND
NA
Maximum
194
ND
70
970
Mean
28
ND
16
130
Loading,0 kg/d
Minimum
0
ND
0
0
Maximum
0.74
ND
0.11
NA
Mean
0.10
ND
0.043
23
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by
industry wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3, where mean is not
available 1/2 the reported maximum was utilized.
-------
D
0)
rt
(D
vo
CO
I
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 4,6-DINITRO-O-CRESOL
a,b
Concentration,
Coal mining
Pharmaceutical
Foundries
Iron and steel
Industry
manuf ac tur ing
manufacturing
Minimum
ND
ND
7
NA
Maximum
6.7
ND
80
NA
Treated
Mg/L
Mean
0.4d
ND
45
110
wastewater
Loading,
Minimum
0
ND
0
0
kg/d
Maximum Mean
0.011
ND
0.30
NA
0.0015
ND
0.12
20
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
nedian, not average.
-------
o
&
ft
(D
N)
\
U1
\
-0
CO
oo
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 4,6-DINITRO-O-CRESOL
a,b
1
Treatment process
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(lime, polymer)
Synthetic wastewater Actual
Removal Average Removal
range, achievable range,
% cone. , (jg/L %
48->95
od'e
wastewater
Average Volume III
achievable references.
cone., \jg/L Section numbers
460 III. 4. 2
-e III. 4. 3
See Volume III for detailed information.
bNA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL
CAverage and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
6Actual data indicate negative removal.
- below detection limit.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume VI, Phenols, Cresols, and Monocyclic Aromatics. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 93-1 - 93-8.
2. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 275.
Date: 8/13/79 1.8.13-5
-------
-------
Compound; Cresol
Formula:
Alternate Names :
Cresylic acid, Cresyol,
Tricresol, Methylphenol,
Hydroxy toluene , Tokresol,
Bacillol
CH3'
CAS #; 1319-77-3
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 108.1 m.p., °C: 10.9-35.5 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 185-205
vapor pressure (38-53°C), torr: 1
solubility in water (40°C), mg/L: 24,000-31,000
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 96% cresol removal (measured as COD removal) obtained at
20°C in activated sludge at a rate of 55 mg COD/g dry
innoculum/hr
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data [3]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
1,000
100
10
I Hill
p-CRESOL
o-CRESOL
NOTE SCALE
nil ' 1—L-'
10 100
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
1,000
Date: 8/13/79
1.8.14-1
-------
rt
a>
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CRESOL3'
00
•
M
*>.
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
a.
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
ft
(D
cn
\
-J
^
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CRESOL3'
H
•
00
I
u>
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
01
rt
N)
\
\
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR CRESOL3'
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone. , \tq/L % cone., pq/L Section numbers
H
00
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part I, pp. 89, 90.
2. Fitter, P. Determination of Biological Degradability of Organic Sub-
stances. Water Research, 10:1-5, 1976.
3. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.8.14-5
-------
-------
Compound: Benzene Formula;
Alternate Names; Benzol, Cydohexatriene
CAS #; 71-43-2
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 78.12 m.p., °C: 5.5 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 80.1
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: 95.2
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 1,780-1,800
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Conflicting data reported
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 33% theoretical oxidation of 500 ppm benzene by
phenol-acclimated sludge after 12 hr aeration
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Photooxidation of volatilized benzene is the only form of
photolysis which occurs
oxidation: No aqueous oxidation occurs, but volatilized benzene is
photooxidized at a rapid rate
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Rapid volatilization (half-life =4.81 hr) is the primary
transport process for benzene
sorption: Benzene should be adsorbed by organic material
biological processes: Low potential for bioaccumulation; metabolized to
catechols by many organisms; biodegraded at a slow rate
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data [3]
1,000
pH: 4.8-5.0
type of carbon:
adsorbability:
Not available
>10,000 mg/L; carbon dose
required to reduce pollut-
ant concentration from
10 mg/L to 1 mg/L at
neutral pH
100
S
fe
*
f
/
•
0.1 1 10
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION. mg/L
100
Date: 8/13/79
1.9.1-1
-------
o
DJ
rt
0>
to
\
U1
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BENZENE
a,b
H
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Steam electric power generating
(water treatment)
Inorganic chemicals manufacturing
Coil coating
Foundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
BDL
NA
ND
BDL
NA
<1
ND
ND
ND
NA
NA
NA
<10
ND
ND
ND
NA
Maximum
15
200
2,800
NA
9,900
1 t 710
'3,400
3
23,000
2,100
4.2
NA
NA
15G
<10
NA
150
160
43,000
Mean
2.6
<5d
3506
MOO
1,200
180
610
<2
840
220
2.1
45d
2d
NA
<10
200
19
11
2,000
Loading , c kg/d
Minimum
0
2.1 x 10~5
0
0
0
0.0016
0.00012
0
0.00076
0
0
0.0024
1.2 x ID"8
0
<0.0005
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.069
0.14
16
9.3
0.055
1.3
0.52
NA
1.2
0.18
NA
0.050
0.12
0.94
<0.018
1.3
NA
NA
NA
Mean
0.0098
0.0090
0.030
0.58
0.0019
2.7
0.020
0.060
0.18
0.20
0.078
0.011
0.0003
0.19
<0.0048
0.54
0.029
0.58
360
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reporteed in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, 1/2 the reported maximum was
utilized.
Median, not average.
^
"Average of maximums reported for various industry segments.
-------
G
ft)
X
on
X
-j
I
LiJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BENZENE
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M9/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Petroleum refining
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Leather tanning and finishing
Minimum
ND
NA
BDL
ND
120
NA
NA
<1
ND
<10
ND
ND
ND
Maximum
<6.7
64
33
3,800
240
100
NA
12
390
60
120,000
59
<10
Mean
-------
o
01
rt
(D
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR BENZENE
a,b
H
*
vr>
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
Treatment process % cone., Mq/L
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation with chemical addition (calcium
chloride, polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, lime)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Anaerobic lagoons
Aerated lagoons
Solvent extraction
Activated sludge
Powdered activated carbon adsorption
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Reverse osmosis
Actual
Removal
range ,
%
NA
H
od
33C
28->99
23->63
50C
od-e
od-e
49->97
50e
56->95
90-97
49->99
95d
48->80
43-80
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , |jg/L
>75
d
12C
45
85
46C
_d
_d
160
5,000*
<16
11,000
4,100
20,000d
73
1.5
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
III. 4.1
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 6
III. 4. 2
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 5. 3
III. 5. 3
III. 5. 6
III. 5.1
III. 6. 2
III. 6.1
III. 6. 9
aSee Volume III for detailed information.
bNA - Not available. ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
Actual data indicate negative removal.
Only one data point.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume VI, Phenols, Cresols, and Monocyclic Aromatics. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 71-1 - 71-10.
2. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. pp. 113-117.
3. Dobbs, R. A., R. J. Middendorf, and J. M. Cohen. Carbon Adsorption
Isotherms for Toxic Organics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Cincinnati, Ohio, 1978.
Date: 8/13/79 1.9.1-5
-------
-------
Compound; Chlorobenzene
Alternate Names: Monochlorobenzene,
Formula:
Benzene chloride
CAS #: 108-90-7
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 112.6 m.p., °C: -45 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 132
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Conflicting data reported
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 488
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 2.84
Henry's law constant: 3.56 x 10~3 atmos. m3/mole
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Lack of data probably indicates relative unimportance
oxidation: No data on aqueous oxidation; photooxidation of volatilized
chlorobenzene is slower than photooxidation of benzene
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Very rapid volatilization is the main transport process
sorption: Chlorobenzene is presumably sorbed by organic materials
biological processes: High potential for bioaccumulation and magnification;
biodegradation very slow
other reactions/interactions: There is a low probability of further chlorinat-
ing chlorobenzene by reaction with chlorine-
containing water
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
pH: 7.4
type of carbon: Not available
adsorbability: 97 mg/L; carbon dose re-
quired to reduce pollutant
concentration from 10 mg/L
to 1 mg/L at neutral pH
1.000
100
8
^3
-------
o
fa
rt
(D
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CHLOROBENZENE
a,b
to
I
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Textile mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Leather tanning and finishing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
NA
ND
ND
ND
NA
ND
' Maximum
300
12
600
NA
NA
40
Mean
25d
6
67
1.4
<10
3.9
Loa ding,c kg/d
Minimum
0.00010
5.4 x 10~6
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.72
0.0084
0.46
NA
NA
NA
Mean
0.045
0.0013
0.062
0.0021
<1.8
0.21
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
a
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
-»
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reporteed in Section 1.3, where mean is not available, 1/2 the
reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
-------
Date: 12/5/79
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CHLOROBENZENEa'b
Treated wastewater
Concentration ,
i |
vo
I
U)
Industry
Textile mills
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
a
Information contained in this table was
Minimum
NA
ND
NA
NA
ND
obtained from
Maximum
3.5d
200,
470d
NA
65
Volume
|jg/L
Mean
3.5d
22
470d
<10
4
II of the 1
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
1.5 x 10"5
0
0
0
0
freatability
Maximum
0.10
0.15
3.10
NA
NA
Manual .
Mean
0.0063
0.020
1.3
<1.8
0.21
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
One sample.
-------
0
QJ
rt
(D
cn
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR CHLOROBENZENE
* '
H
to
I
it*
Treatment process
Filtration
Activated sludge
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., pg/L
Actual
Removal
range ,
od
71->99
>966
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , pg/L
_d
5
<0.2e
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
III. 4. 6
III. 5.1
III. 6.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Actual data indicate negative removal.
&
"Only one data point.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume VI, Phenols, Cresols, and Monocyclic Aromatics. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 72-1 - 72-10.
2. Dobbs, R. A., R. J. Middendorf, and J. M. Cohen. Carbon Adsorption
Isotherms for Toxic Organics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Cincinnati, Ohio, 1978.
Date: 8/13/79 1.9.2-5
-------
-------
Compound: 1,2-Dichlorobenzene Formula:
Alternate Names: 0-Dichlorobenzene,
Orthodichlorobenzene,
Dowtherm E
CAS #; 95-50-1
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 147.0 m.p., °C: -17.0 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 180
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: 1.5
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 145
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 3.38
Henry's law constant: 1.99 x 10~3 atmos. m3/mole
biodegradability: 100% decomposition by ring disruption by Pseudomonas of
200 mg/L solution in 72 hr
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Lack of data probably indicates relative unimportance
oxidation: Resistant to autooxidation by peroxy radical in water; oxidation
by hydroxy radicals occurs in atmosphere
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Relatively rapid volatilization occurs; half-life is less
than nine hours
sorption: Significant amount of adsorption by organic materials should occur
in environment
biological processes: Bioaccumulated more than chlorobenzene; sufficiently
resistant to biodegradation to make volatilization more
important
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.9.3-1
-------
o
Oi
(-1-
Ln
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 1,2-DICHLOROBENZENE
a,b
VD
U)
I
Raw
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)6
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling)6
Leather Tanning and finishing
Minimum
ND
NA
ND
ND
<10
NA
ND
- Maximum
<10
280
1,100
ND
26
65
200
Mean
<1.2
2<*
30
ND
20
53
69
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
8.4 x ID"6
2.7 x ID"5
ND
0.0011
0.001
0
Maximum
0.032
0.58
0.042
ND
0.022
5.3 x 10~5
NA
Mean
0.0045
0.0036
0.0063
ND
0.0040
1.2
0.10
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
-^
'Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3, where mean is not available, 1/2 the
reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
:»
"Analytical method did not distinguish between dichlorobenzene isomers.
-------
Date: 12/5/79
INDUSTRIAL
OCCURRENCE OF 1,2-DICHLOROBENZENE3
,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, yq/L
H
•
^
•
U)
1
U)
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Leather tanning and finishing
Information contained in this table was
Minimum
ND
NA
ND
NA
ND
obtained from V<
Maximum
<6.7
20
ND
NA
69
Dlume II of
Mean
<1 5
ioa
ND
15
13
the Tre
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0.000042
e
0
0
stability M
Maximum
0.040
0.029
e
NA
NA
(anual .
Mean
0.0057
0.018
e
2.7
0.020
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Median, not average.
"Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
-------
o
D>
ft
a
VO
•
u>
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 1,2-DICHLOROBENZENE
3 '
-xl
Synthetic wastewater
Treatment
Gas flotation with
(calcium chloride
Filtration
a
process
chemical addition
, polymer)
Removal
c
range ,
%
Average
achievable
cone. , M9/L
Actual
Removal
c
range ,
%
76d
50->94
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , |jg/L
260d
3.8
Volume III
references ,
Section numbers
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 6
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(alum, lime)
Sedimentation with chemical addition
>99
<0.05
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
III.4.3
(alum)
Aerated lagoons
Activated sludge
Granular activated carbon adsorption
25->50
>96d
73->99
>99
<12
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume VI, Phenols, Cresols, and Monocyclic Aromatics. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 73-1 - 73-8.
2. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. pp. 224, 225.
Date: 8/13/79 1.9.3-5
-------
-------
Compound: 1,3-Dichlorobenzene Formula:
Alternate Names: m-Dichlorobenzene,
Metadichlorobenzene
CAS ft; 541-73-1
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 147.0 m.p., °C: -24.7 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 173
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: 2.28
solubility in water (temp, unknown), mg/L: 123
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 3.38
Henry's law constant: 3.58 x 10~3 atmos. m3/mole
biodegradability: 100% degradation through ring disruption by Pseudomonas
at 30°C of a 200 mg/L solution in 96 hr
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Lack of information probably indicates relative unimportance
oxidation: No data on aqueous oxidation; oxidized by hydroxy radicals in
atmosphere
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Volatilizes at a relatively rapid rate; half-life approxi-
mately ten hours
sorption: Presumably sorbed by organic materials
biological processes: Bioaccumulates more than chlorobenzene; too resistant
to biodegradation to compete with volatilization
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data [3]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
1,000
100
10
i mil
'••••I
0.1 1 10
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
100
Date: 8/13/79
1.9.4-1
-------
D
0)
rt
(D
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Ul
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-J
I
NJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 1,3-DICHLOROBENZENE
a,b
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Auto and other laundries
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Steam electric power generating
(water treatment)
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling) ^
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
ND
<10
NA
NA
NA
Maximum
1,100
26
NA
65
NA
Mean
30
20
1
53
79
Q
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
2.7 x 10-5
0.0011
6.1 x 10~9
0.0010
0
Maximum
0.042
0.022
0.060
5.2
NA
Mean
0.0063
0.0048
0.00015
1.2
14
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3, where mean is not available, 1/2 the
reported maximum was utilized.
Analytical method did not distinguish between the dichlorobenzene isomers.
-------
D
0>
rt
ts>
\
en
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF l,3-DICHLOROBENZENE
a'b
Treated wastewater
Industry
Concentration, jjg/L
Loading, kg/d
Minimum Maximum
Mean
Minimum Maximum
Mean
H
Iron and steel manufacturing
NA
NA
NA
0.36
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available , one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
rt
n>
tn
\
-j
10
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 1,3-DICHLOROBENZENE
a,b
M
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone. , [tq/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone.,
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation with chemical addition
(calcium chloride, polymer)
NA
76
260
III.4.1
III.4.5
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume VI, Phenols, Cresols, and Monocyclic Aromatics. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 74-1 - 74-8.
2. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 226.
3. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.9.4-5
-------
-------
Compound: 1,4-Dichlorobenzene Formula:
Alternate Names; p-Dichlorobenzene,
Paradichlorobenzene
CAS #; 106-46-7
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 147.0 m.p., °C: 53.1 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 174
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: 1.18 (calculated)
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 79
log octanoI/water partition coefficient: 3.39
Henry's law constant: 2.88 x 10~3 atmos. m3/mole
biodegradability: 100% degradation through ring disruption by Pseudomonas
of a 200 mg/L solution at 30°C in 92 hr
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: No data probably indicates relative unimportance
oxidation: Resistant to autooxidation by peroxy radical in water; oxidized
by hydroxy radicals in atmosphere
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Volatilizes at a relatively rapid rate; half-life less than
12 hours
sorption: Presumably adsorbed by organic materials
biological processes: Bioaccumulates more than chlorobenzene; too resistant
to biodegradation to compete with volatilization
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data [3]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
1.000
10
0.1 1 10
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
100
Date: 8/13/79
1.9.5-1
-------
D
0)
rt
(D
N)
\
U1
•-J
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURENCE OF 1,4-DICHLOROBENZENE
a,b
H
vo
•
U1
I
ro
Raw wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
e
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)6
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling)6
Leather tanning and finishing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
ND
ND
<10
NA
NA
ND
Maximum
<10
220
1,100
5
26
65
NA
26
yg/L
Mean
<1.1
110d
30
0.55
20
53
15
4.3
£
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0.00046
2.7 x 10-5
0
0.0011
0.001
0
0
Maximum
0.029
3.2
0.042
0.0037
0.022
5.2
NA
NA
Mean
0.0014
0.20
0.0063
0.5
0.0048
0.0013
0.022
0.23
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the
reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
a
"Analytical method did not distinguish between the dichlorobenzene isomers.
-------
ff
to
en
VD
•
Ul
I
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 1,4-DICHLOROBENZENE
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M
-------
o
(T>
\
\
vO
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE
a b
FOR 1,4-DI CHLOROBENZENE '
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range , achievable
Treatment process % cone., [iq/L
|_|
Gas flotation with chemical addition
*? (calcium chloride, polymer)
U1
i Aerated lagoons
Activated sludge
Actual
Removal
range ,
76d
>81d
>82->99
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , M9/L
260d
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume VI, Phenols, Cresols, and Monocyclic Aromatics. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 75-1 - 75-2.
2. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 226.
3. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.9.5-5
-------
-------
Compound; 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene Formula;
Alternate Names: unsym-Trichlorobenzene
CAS #; 120-82-1
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1-3]
mol. wt.: 181.4 m.p., °C: 17.0 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 214
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: 0.42 (calculated)
solubility in water (temp, unknown), mg/L: 30
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 4.26
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 92% ring disruption by Pseudomonas at 30°C of a 200 mg/L
solution in 120 hr
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Lack of data probably indicates relative unimportance
oxidation: Oxidized by hydroxy radicals after volatilization
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Very rapid volatilization can be hindered by adsorption if
organics are present
sorption: High potential for adsorption by organic materials
biological processes: High potential for bioaccumulation; very little, if any
biodegradation due to volatilization and adsorption
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.9.6-1
-------
rt
(D
to
\
Ui
I
K)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 1,2,4-TRICHLOROBENZENE'
a,b
Raw wastewater
Concentration, ug/L
Industry
Textile mills
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Foundries
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
NA
NA
ND
ND
Maximum Mean
2,700 410d
NA 10S
NA 7
260 22
c
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0.0017
5.3 x 10-*
0
0
Maximum Mean
12 0.74
0.011 0.0024
0.047 0.0019
NA 1.2
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual,
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
:>
"Average of medians reported for various industry segments.
-------
ft
CD
to
\
tn
•-J
vO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 1,2,4-TRICHLOROBENZENEC
Treated wastewater
Concentration, |jg/L
Industry
Textile mills
Foundries
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
^D
Minimum
NA
<20
ND
Maximum
1,500
570
47
Mean
610
290
4.4
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0.0026
0
0
Maximum
18
1.9
NA
Mean
1.1
0.78
0.0066
O^ - -
oj Information contained in this table was
obtained from Volume II of
the Tre<
stability
Manual .
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
0)
rt
n>
M
NJ
171 a b
\ POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 1 , 2 ,4-TRICHLOROBENZENE '
vD
Treatment process
Filtration
Sedimentation
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range , -.achievable
% cone . , (jg/L
Actual
Removal
range ,
37d
od'e
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , (Jg/L
94d
e
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
III. 4. 6
III. 4. 2
VD
CTv
I
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(alum, lime)
Sedimentation with chemical addition
91
150
III.4.3
(alum)
Activated sludge
Granular activated carbon adsorption
90
67->99
>93d
150
98
<0.04d
III. 4. 3
III. 5.1
III. 6.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
a
"Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume VI, Phenols, Cresols, and Monocyclic Aromatics. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 76-1 - 76-10.
2. Spencer, W. F. and W. J. Farmer. Assessment of the Vapor Behavior of
Toxic Organic Chemicals. Contribution of Federal Research, SEA, USDA,
and the University of California, Riverside, California.
3. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 604.
Date: 8/13/79 1.9.6-5
-------
-------
Compound; Hexachlorobenzene
Alternate Names; Perchlorobenzene, HCB
CAS #: 118-74-1
Formula:
Cl
Cl
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 284.8 m.p., °C: 230 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 322
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 1.09 x 10~5
solubility in water (25°C), yg/L: 6
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 6.18
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: No degradation by Pseudomonas at 30°C in 120 hr
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Extremely slow under environmental conditions
oxidation: Not important
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Data inconclusive
sorption: Strongly sorbed by particulate matter
biological processes: Strongly bioaccumulated by many organisms; extremely
slow biodegradation
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability. Not available
100
1 "
r
4
NOTE SCALE
0.1
0.00001 0.0001 0.001
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
0.01
Date: 8/13/79
1.9.7-1
-------
ft
(D
NJ
\
U1
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF HEXACHLOROBENZENE3'
Raw wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Textile mills
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
NA
ND
Maximum
2
5,000
yg/L
Mean
1.3d
220
Q
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
5.5 x 10~6
0
Maximum
0.037
NA
Mean
0.0023
12
H
•
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
-~J b
I NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
to
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the
reported maximum was utilized.
d
Median, not average.
-------
Date
to
tn
•j
vO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF HEXACHLOROBENZENE
3'*3
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M9/L
Industry
Textile mills
H Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
NA
NA
ND
Maximum
NA
NA
220
Mean
NA
210
30
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
NA
0
0
Maximum
NA
NA
NA
Mean
NA
38
1.6
**^J
i a
w Information contained in this tahlp was ohtainpH frnm Vnlnmp TT r>f thp Tr*»af ahi 1 i tv Manual
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
Oi
ft
(D
Ul
\
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vO
IO
•
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I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR HEXACHLOROBENZENE
a,b
a
Treatment process
Aerated lagoons
Activated sludge
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., |jg/L
Actual
Removal
range ,
od'e
47->97
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , (jg/L
e
0.4
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
III. 5. 3
III. 5.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
&
"Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume VI, Phenols, Cresols, and Monocyclic Aromatics. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 77-1 - 77-13.
2. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.9.7-5
-------
-------
Compound: Ethylbenzene
Formula:
Alternate Names; Phenylethane, Ethylbenzol
CAS #; 100-41-4
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 106.2 m.p., °C: -94.9 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 136
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 7
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 152
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 3.15
Henry's law constant: 6.44 atmos. m3/mole
biodegradability. 27% theoretical oxidation of 500 ppm solution by phenol-
acclimated activated sludge after 12 hr aeration
Probable Fate [I]
photolysis: Photooxidation after volatilization is the principal fate of
ethylbenzene
oxidation: Not important other than in the case of photooxidation
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Principal transport process for ethylbenzene
sorption: Probably adsorbed by organic materials
biological processes: Very little potential for bioaccumulation; can be used
as sole carbon source by some microbes
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data [3]
1,000
pH: 7.3
type of carbon: Not available
adsorbability: 170 mg/L; carbon dose re-
quired to reduce pollutant &
concentration from 10 mg/L 3
to 1 mg/L at neutral pH ^f
I
R>
f
5 10
I.ml
i I l ml
0.1 1 1°
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
100
Date: 8/13/79
1.9.8-1
-------
D
PJ
rt-
fD
N)
Ul
X.
VD
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ETHYLBENZENE
a,b
oo
I
to
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(water treatment)
Coil coating
Foundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
BDL
NA
ND
20
NA
NA
ND
ND
ND
NA
NA
ND
ND
ND
NA
Maximum
<6.7
2,800
2,100
NA
15,000
28 , 000
500
<1S
17,000
86
8.8
NA
<10e
NA
NA
21
39,000
Mean
<1
Q
54
Q
>iood
3,400
4,700
1,500
<1S
550
16
4.4
f
3r
<10e
39
65
2.5
61
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0.00023
0
0
0
0.042
0.00030
0
0.00050
0
0
1.8 x 10-8
0.00050
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.026
1.6
1.7
9.3
0.16
35
1.3
NA
0.77
1.1 x 10- 1
NA
0.18
0.0048
0.26
NA
NA
NA
Mean
0.0038
0.097
0.0032
0.58
0.0054
7.7
0.049
0.030
0.12
1.5 x 10-2
0.16
0.00045
0.018
0.11
9.8 x 10~2
0.13
11
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
o
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
'Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
a
'One sample.
Average of medians reported for various industry segments.
-------
o
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ETHYLBENZENE
a,b
N)
CO
I
U>
Treated wastewater
Concentration, mg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Leather tanning and finishing
Loading,
kg/d
Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
ND
NA
BDL
NA
ND
BDL
NA
<1
NA
ND
NA
NA
ND
ND
<6.7
3,000
140
NA
74,000.
iof
>100
74
iioe
11
<20
4,400
49
.12
<0 9
63d
206
NA
4,100,,
26
<16
noe
1.6
<206
110
1.9
5
0
0.00026
0
NA
0
9.0 x 10~5
5.2 x 10~6
0
0.00010
0
0
0
0
0
0.024
1.8
0.92
NA
0.19
0.076
0.022
NA
0.154
0.011
0.13
NA
NA
NA
0.0034
0.11
0.0017
NA
0.0066
0.016
0.00086
0.48
0.023
0.0015
0.054
20
0.10
0.0075
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
Average of medians reported for various industry segments.
f
One sample.
-------
o
(U
rt
fD
171
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR ETHYLBENZENE3'b
VD
00
I
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
Treatment process % cone., pg/L
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation
Gas flotation with chemical addition (calcium
chloride, polymer) ,
Gas flotation with chemical addition (polymer) *
Gas flotation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, lime)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum)
Aerated lagoons
Solvent extraction
Activated sludge
Powdered activated carbon adsorption
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Actual
Removal
range ,
%
NA
>99d
40->99
65d
od-e
>75->99
47-78
>97-98
81d
>80->94
oe
>78->94
97d
80->99
87d
od'e
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone . , pg/L
>50
ND
280
160d
e
<2.1
1,000
11
130d
430
e
<10
4,000d
170
18,000
-e
Volume 111
references.
Section numbers
III. 4.1
III. 4. 4
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 6
III. 4. 6
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 5. 3
III. 5. 6
III. 5.1
III. 6. 2
III. 6.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
CAverage and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
eActual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume VI, Phenols, Cresols, and Monocyclic Aromatics. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 78-1 - 78-5.
2. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. pp. 307-309.
3. Dobbs, R. A., R. J. Middendorf, and J. M. Cohen. Carbon Adsorption
Isotherms for Toxic Organics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Cincinnati, Ohio, 1978.
Date: 8/13/79 1.9.8-5
-------
-------
Compound: Nitrobenzene Formula:
Alternate Names; Nitrobenzol
CAS #; 98-95-3
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 123.1 m.p., °C: 5.6 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 211
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 0.15
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 1,900
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 1.85
Henry's law constant: 1.53 x 10~5 atmos. m3/mole
biodegradability: 98% nitrobenzene removal (measured as COD removal) obtained
at 20°C in activated sludge at a rate of 14 mg COD/g dry
innoculum/hr
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Photoreduction could occur if nitrobenzene is adsorbed onto
humus particles
oxidation: Only important as method of destroying photoreduction products
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Not fast enough to be important
sorption: Adsorbed by humus and probably by clay
biological processes: No bioaccumulation of any significance; biodegradation
is relatively slow
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data [3]
1,000
pH: 7.5
type of carbon:
adsorbability:
Not available
130 mg/L; carbon dose re- c
quired to reduce pollutant |
concentration from 10 mg/L o>
to 1 mg/L at neutral pH 1
I
10
NOTE SCALE
i I
0.001 0.01 0.1
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
Date: 8/13/79
1.9.9-1
-------
D
0)
rt
(D
en
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF NITROBENZENE
a ,b
H
ID
I
Raw wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Coal mining
Paint and ink formulation
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
ND
Maximum
7
180
ND
280
NA
NA
160
pg/L
Mean
0.9
100
ND
94
73
1,400
11
Q
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0
ND
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.024
0.0046
ND
0.063
NA
NA
NA
Mean
0.0034
0.00016
ND
0.25
0.11
252
0.58
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
-«
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the
reported maximum was utilized.
-------
D
0)
rt
fl>
*»
12/5/79
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE
OF NITROBENZENE3'13
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M5/L
H
vo
1
U)
Coal mining
Paint and ink
Pharmaceutical
Foundries
Industry
formulation
manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Information contained in this
Minimum
NA
ND
ND
<20
NA
ND
table was obtained from
Maximum Mean
ND ND
7,200 1,800
ND ND
<20 <20
NA 6
5.5 2.8
Volume II of the Treal
Loading, kg/d
Minimum Maximum
_d _d
0, 0.083
d d
0 0.13
0 NA
0 NA
Lability Manual.
Mean
_d
0.0g29
0.054
1.1
0.15
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
-------
ft-
(D
cn
\
-j
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR NITROBENZENE
a,b
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
Volume III
references.
Treatment process
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(alum)
Aerated lagoons
Powdered activated carbon adsorption
% cone. , pg/L %
>52d
68d
>od'e
79d
cone. , pg/L
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume VI, Phenols, Cresols, and Monocyclic Aromatics. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 79-1 - 79-8.
2. Fitter, P. Determination of Biological Degradability of Organic Sub-
stances. Water Research, 10:1-5, 1976.
3. Dobbs, R. A., R. J. Middendorf, and J. M. Cohen. Carbon Adsorption
Isotherms for Toxic Organics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Cincinnati, Ohio, 1978.
Date: 8/13/79 1.9.9-5
-------
-------
Compound: Toluene
Formula:
Alternate Names; Toluol, Phenylmethane,
Methylbenzene , Methylbenzol,
Methacide
CAS #: 108-88-3
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 92.13
m.p.
"C: -95
b.p. (760 torr), °C: 111
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: 28.7
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 535
log octanol/water partition coefficient:
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
2.69
photolysis: Amount of dissociation to benzyl alcohol and benzaldehyde
unknown; atmospheric photooxidation to benzaldehyde follows
volatilization
oxidation: Only important as photooxidation
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Volatilization occurs with a half-life of about five hours
sorption: Presumably adsorbed by organic materials
biological processes: Bioaccumulation not important; metabolization produces
acids (acetic, pyruvic, and hippuric)
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
1,000
s
s
I
10
••
0.1 1 10
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
100
Date: 8/13/79
1.9.10-1
-------
o
pj
ri-
ft)
to
\
01
VD
O
I
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF TOLUENE
a,b
Raw waste water
Concentration ,
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generators
(water treatment)
Coil coating
Foundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
BDL
NA
ND
20
0
<1
ND
ND
ND
NA
<10
ND
ND
ND
NA
Maximum
8
620
3,200
'NA
260,000
17,000
350
14
51,000
17,000
0.64
NA
<10
NA
400
55
17,000
yg/L
Mean
1.1
26^
180*:
>iood
10,000
2,600
77
<4
1,300
2,400
0.36
98e
<10
120
67
6.9
590
Q
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0.00011
0
0
0
0.023
1.5 x 10-5
0
0.0012
0
0
6 x 10~7
<0.0005
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.029
0.75
8.3
9.3
0.46
20
0.066
NA
1.8
16.3
NA
5.9
<0.018
0.80
NA
NA
NA
Mean
0.0041
0.047
0.015
0.58
0.016
4.3
0.0025
0.12
0.00021
2.2
0.013
0.015
<0.0048
0.32
0.10
0.37
106
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Median, not average.
i
"Average of medians reported for various industry segments.
-------
rt-
CD
en
O
I
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF TOLUENE
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, mg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemials
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Leather tanning and finishing
Minimum
ND
NA
BDL
NA
ND
10
NA
<1
6
ND
<10
NA
ND
ND
Maximum
7.3
1,400
33
35*
1,100
2,000
420
55
790
700
180
NA
69
<10
Mean
i*7
14d
BDL,.
35*
590
660
77
<7
400
97
41
190
1.7
<8
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
5.9 x 10"5
e
0
0
0.0059
1.5 x 10"5
0
0.00036
0
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.045
0.40
e
3.2
0.027
5.0
0.066
NA
0.56
0.66
0.27
NA
NA
NA
Mean
0.0064
0.025
e
0.20
0.00094
1.1
0.0025
0.21
0.084
0.089
0.11
34
0.09
0.012
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
g
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
One sample.
-------
G
fit
rt
n>
tn
\
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POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR TOLUENE3>b
o
I
Treatment process3
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation
Gas flotation with chemical addition (calcium chloride, polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, lime)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (alum)
Sedimentation with chemical addition (lime)
Aerated lagoons
Steam stripping
Ozonation
Activated sludge
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Reverse osmosis
Synthetic wastewater Actual
Removal Average Removal
range, achievable range,0
% cone. , pg/L %
NA
>92d
19-65
59d
iod
37->99
23-76
76-96
od'e
20-39
18-73
49-93
od-e
>72->95
95-96
15-31
49->99
38->99d
3.8-12
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone . , pg/L
>65
ND
1,000
130d
4.5d
26
290
43
e
950
990
1,260
e
<14
1,950
1
57
80d
17.5
Volume III
references ,
Section numbers
III. 4.1
III. 4. 4
III.4.b
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 6
III. 4. 2
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 5. 3
III. 5. 6
III. 6. 14
III. 5.1
III. 6.1
III. 6. 9
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume VI, Phenols, Cresols, and Monocyclic Aromatics. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 80-1 - 80-7.
2. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.9.10-5
-------
-------
Compound: 2,4-Dinitrotoluene Formula;
NO2
.^~^fc- ^
Alternate Names: Dinitrotoluol, DNT,
l-Methyl-2,4-dinitrotoluene
CAS #; 121-14-2
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 182.1 m.p., °C: 70 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 300
vapor pressure (59°C), torr: 0.0013
solubility in water (22°C), mg/L: 270
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 2.01
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Intramolecular photolysis could be an important fate
oxidation: Oxidation could follow adsorption onto clay particles
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Too slow to be important
sorption: 2,4-Dinitrotoluene should be strongly sorbed by humus and clay
biological processes: Some bioaccumulation possible; biodegradation very slow
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.9.11-1
-------
o
0J
ft
-------
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n>
to
en
H
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 2,4-DINITROTOLUENE
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M9/L
Industry
Coal mining
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
NA
ND
<17
NA
ND
Maximum
ND
ND
300
NA
7
Mean
ND
ND
160
22
0.9
£
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
_d
0
0
0
Maximum
_d
1.1
NA
NA
Mean
_d
0.43
4.0
0.048
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
-------
U1
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 2,4-DINITROTOLUENE3/b
a
Treatment process
Sedimentation
Aerated lagoons
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone. , M9/L
Actual
Removal
range ,
%
80d'6
od'f
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , pg/L
iod'e
_f
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
III. 4. 2
III. 5. 3
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
A
"Analytical method did not distinguish between) 2,4-dinitrotoluene and 2,6-dinitrotoluene.
Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume VI, Phenols, Cresols, and Monocyclic Aromatics. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 81-1 - 81-8.
Date: 8/13/79 1.9.11-5
-------
-------
Compound; 2,6-Dinitrotoluene
Alternate Names; Dinitrotoluol
CAS #; 606-20-2
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 182.1 m.p., °C: 65
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Not available
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 2.05
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
b.p. (760 torr), °C;
285
photolysis: Intramolecular photolysis could be very important
oxidation: Not important
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Probably not an important transport process
sorption: 2,6-Dinitrotoluene should be strongly sorbed by humus and clay
biological processes: No data on bioaccumulation; biodegradation very slow
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
1.000
• 100
3
x
10
JLu
0.1 1 10
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
100
Date: 8/13/79
1.9.12-1
-------
G
fa
sr
K)
\
Ui
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to
I
KJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 2,6-DINITROTOLUENE
a,b •
Raw wastewater
*
Concentration ,
Industry
Textile mills
Foundries
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
NA
ND
ND
NA
Maximum
54d
<50
16
47
yg/L
Mean
54d
17
1.7
25
Loading
,C kg/d
Minimum Maximum
0.00023
0
0
0
1.6
0.11
NA
NA
Mean
0.097
0.046
0.090
4.5
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
-i
'Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3, where mean is not available 1/2 the
reported maximum was utilized.
One sample.
-------
o
(U
rt
NJ
X
01
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 2,6-DINITROTOLUENE
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L
Textile mills
Foundries
H Iron and steel
Industry
manuf ac tur ing
VD Nonferrous metals manufacturing
IsJ
t t t
Minimum
NA
<17
NA
ND
t
Maximum
NA
300
NA
1.0
Mean
NA
160
7
0.1
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
NA
0
0
0
Maximum
NA
1.1
NA
NA
Mean
NA
0.43
1.3
0.0053
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
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to
\
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vD
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 2,6-DINITROTOLUENE
a,b
KJ
I
Synthetic wastewater
Removal ' Average
range, achievable
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
Volume III
references,
Treatment process
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(lime)
Aerated lagoons
Activated sludge
% cone., ug/L %
80d'e
>79d
83d
od'f
cone . , pg/L
iod'e
<10
2d
_f
Section numbers
III. 4. 2
III. 4. 3
III. 5. 3
III. 5.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
CAverage and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
Analytical method did not distinguish between 2,4-dinitrotoluene and 2,6-dinitrotoluene.
Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume VI, Phenols, Cresols, and Monocyclic Aromatics. U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 82-1 - 82-9.
2. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.9.12-5
-------
-------
Compound; Aniline
Formula:
Alternate Names; Amino benzene, Phenylamine
CAS #; 62-53-3
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 93.1
m.p., °C: -6
b.p. (760 torr), °C: 184
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 0.3
solubility in water (temp, unknown), mg/L: 34,000
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 95% aniline removal (measured as COD removal) obtained at
20°C in activated sludge at a rate of 19 mg COD/g dry
innoculum/hr
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data [3]
pH: 7.1
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-400
adsorbability: Not available
1,000
100
10
0.1 1 10
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
100
Date: 8/13/79
1.9.13-1
-------
ft
(D
VD
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ANILINE3'
VO
U)
I
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
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to
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H
I
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ANILINE3 /b
Treated wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Mg/L
Mean
Loading ,
Minimum
kg/d
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
(D
• •
!-•
cn
U)
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR ANILINE9'
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process3 % cone., pg/L % cone., M9/L Section numbers
3See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
^
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 102.
2. Fitter, P. Determination of Biological Degradability of Organic Sub-
stances. Water Research, 10:1-5, 1976.
3. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.9.13-5
-------
-------
Compound; Benzoic acid Formula; >^\.^ COOH
Alternate Names; Benzenecarboxylic acid
CAS #; 62-53-3
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 122.1 m.p., °C: 122 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 249
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (temp, unknown), mg/L: 2,900
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 99% benzoic acid removal (measured as COD removal)
obtained at 20°C in activated sludge at a rate of
88 mg COD/g dry innoculum/hr
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data [3]
1,000
pH: 3.0, 7.0,
type of carbon:
adsorbability:
9.0
Not available
>10,000 mg/L; carbon dose
required to reduce pollut- J
ant concentration from 3
10 mg/L to 1 mg/L at f1
neutral pH •§
10
pH • 3.0
pH-7.0
pH-9.0
0.1 1 10
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
100
Date: 8/13/79
1.9.14-1
-------
o
(U
ft
(D
VD
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BENZOIC ACID3'*3
vo
I
tO
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
3Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
°Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
0>
ft
en
«sj
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BENZOIC ACID3'b
I
u>
Treated wastewater
Concentration,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Mg/L
Mean
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
pj
rt
en
vD
a b
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR BENZOIC ACID
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone. , |Jg/L % cone., Mg/L Section numbers
aSee Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 120.
2. Fitter, P. Determination of Biological Degradability of Organic Sub-
stances. Water Research, 10:1-5, 1976.
3. Dobbs, R. A., R. J. Middendorf, and J. M. Cohen. Carbon Adsorption
Isotherms for Toxic Organics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Cincinnati, Ohio, 1978.
1.9.14-5
Date: 8/13/79
-------
-------
Compound; Benzylchloride Formula;
Alternate Names; a-Chlorotoluene
CAS #; 100-44-7
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 126.6 m.p., °C: -41 to -43 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 179
vapor pressure (22°C), torr: 1
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Not available
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.9.15-1
-------
rt
ft)
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BENZYL CHLORIDE3'
Raw wastewater
Q
Concentration, yg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
01
ft
to
Ul
tn
I
oo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BENZYL CHLORIDE3 ft>
Treated wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry Minimum
Maximum
Mg/L
Mean
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
(1)
ft
(D
Ul
tn
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR BENZYL CHLORIDE3
-------
REFERENCES
1. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 126.
Date: 8/13/79 1.9.15-5
-------
-------
Compound; Styrene
Alternate Names; Vinylbenzene, Cinnamene,
Phenylethylene, Ethylbenzene
CAS #; 100-42-5
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 104.1 m.p., °C: -30.6
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 5
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 300
log octanol/water partition coefficient:
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate: Not available
b.p. (760 torr), °C: 145
Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
pH: 3.0, 7.0, 9.0
type of carbon: Not available
adsorbability: 74 mg/L; carbon dose re-
quired to reduce pollutant J
concentration from 10 mg/L
to 1 mg/L at neutral pH
l.uuu
c
•§ 100
3
1
f
I
5 10
^S
X
1
o «*^^
»/•
~ J °
^^o
.
~
'•_ opH-3.0
i opH-7.0
»pH-9.0
0.1 1 10
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
100
Date: 8/13/79
1.9.16-1
-------
rt
(D
U)
\
-J
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF STYRENE3'
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading ,
Minimum
1 kg/d
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
°Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
(U
ft
(D
to
\
en
•v]
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF STYRENE3'b
I
u>
Treated wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Mg/L
Mean
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
0)
rt
0)
tn
\
^3
vO
H
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR STYRENE
a,b
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range , achievable
Treatment process % cone., \iq/L
Solvent extraction
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range , achievable
% cone., (jg/L
>93d
-------
REFERENCES
1. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 567.
2. Dobbs, R. A., R. J. Middendorf, and J. M. Cohen. Carbon Adsorption
Isotherms for Toxic Organics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Cincinnati, Ohio, 1978.
Date: 8/13/79 1-9.16-5
-------
-------
Compound; Quinoline Formula;
Alternate Names; Benzo(b)pyridine, 1-Benzazine
CAS #; 91-22-5
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 129.2 m.p., °C: -19.5 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 238
vapor pressure (60°C), torr: 1
solubility in water (temp, unknown), mg/L: 60,000
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.9.17-1
-------
D
0)
rt
0)
I
NJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF QUINOLINE3'
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Q
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
(V
rt
U1
\
xj
^ INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF QUINOLINEa'b
I
oo
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
fl)
rt
n>
en
\
•~j
vD
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR QUINOLINE*'b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone., ug/L % cone., ug/L Section numbers
• -!-..—.-. . . .. !.- * , -. . II .„..—. , .-..,. „ -J-. W. ., Ill . ...I . I M .
g,
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
£•
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 560.
Date: 8/13/79 1.9.17-5
-------
-------
Compound; Xylenes
Formula; CHafCeH^jCHa and various
derivatives
Alternate Names; Dimethylbenzenes, Methyltoluenes
CAS ft: Different for each compound; o-Xylene has CAS # 95-47-6
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties for o-Xylene [1]
mol. wt.: 106.2
m.p.
5C: -25.2
b.p. (760 torr), °C: 144
vapor pressure (32°c) , torr: 10
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Insoluble
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data for p-Xylene [2]
pH: 7.3
type of carbon: Not available
adsorbability: 110 mg/L; carbon dose re- c
quired to reduce pollutant •§
concentration from 10 mg/L £,
1,000
to 1 mg/L at neutral pH
*
£
10
1 t i i I I j I 11 I | illlill
0.1 1 10
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION. mg/L
100
Date: 8/13/79
1.9.18-1
-------
o
DJ
CD
*•
VO
\
M
U>
\
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF XYLENES3'
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yjg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
H
vo Pulp, paper and paperboard mills 3 8 5 0 NA 0.15
•
M
00 —
NJ Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
r^
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-
half the reported maximum was utilized.
-------
D
OJ
ft
(D
to
\
in
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF XYLENES3'
Treated wastewater
Concentration, Mg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
H
^> Pulp, paper and paperboard mills <1 400 <76 0 NA 2.3
00
<->•» Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
0>
ri-
(D
\
en
10
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR XYLENES
a,b
VD
oo
I
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
cone.,
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., pg/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
Trickling
filters
Solvent extraction
Activated
sludge
0
d.
e
97->98
0
d.
e
e
<4,000
e
III
III
III
.5
.5
.5
.2
.6
.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
3NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
a
"Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part II, pp. 95, 96.
2. Dobbs, R. A., R. J. Middendorf, and J. M. Cohen. Carbon Adsorption
Isotherms for Toxic Organics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Cincinnati, Ohio, 1978.
Date: 8/13/79 1.9.18-5
-------
-------
Compound; Nitrotoluene Formula:
Alternate Names; Methyl nitrobenzene
I ^-/ 1
_. >NO2
CAS #; O, 88-72-2; m, 1321-12-6; p, 99-99-0
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 137.1 m.p., °C: O, -10.6 to -4.1 b.p. (760 torr), °C: O, 22.3
m, 15.5 m, 231
p, 51.3 p, 238
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 0.1
solubility in water (30°C), mg/L: o, 652; m, 498, p, 442
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: o and p, 32.5 mg COD g~1 dry innoculum h~1; 98% removal by
activated sludge at 20°C; m, 21.0 mg COD g~1 dry innoculum
h~1; 99% removal by activated sludge at 20°C
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.9.19-1
-------
G
0)
rt
(D
U)
VD
I
M
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF NITROTOLUENE3'
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading,
Minimum
kg/d
Maximum
Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
&>
ft
ro
\
m
I
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF NITROTOLUENEa'b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, Mg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
rt
(D
tn
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR NITROTOLUENE
a,b
H
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone.,
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
%cone. ,
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
- Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. pp. 495, 496.
2. Fitter, P. Determination of Biological Degradability of Organic Sub-
stances. Water Research, 10:1-5, 1976.
Date: 8/13/79 1.9.19-5
-------
-------
Compound: Naphthenic acid Formula; Exact composition
unknown [1]
Alternate Names;
CAS #; 1338-24-5
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties; Not available
mol. wt.: m.p., °C: b.p. (760 torr), °C:
vapor pressure (25°C), torr:
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L:
log octanoI/water partition coefficient:
Henry's law constant:
biodegradability:
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.9.20-1
-------
0)
rl-
(D
O
I
NJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF NAPHTHENIC ACID '
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading ,
Minimum
kg/d
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
(V
rt
(D
tsi
\
in
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF NAPHTHENIC ACID3'
O
I
U)
Treated wastewater
Concentration, MQ/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
0>
rt
n»
\
tn
vD
O
I
*>.
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR NAPHTHENIC ACID
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone. , pg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal
c
range,
% cone. , |Jg/L
Average
achievable
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part II, pp. 10.
Date: 8/13/79 1.9.20-5
-------
-------
2-Chloronaphthalene Formula:
—
Alternate Names; Halowax, B-Chloronaphthalene
CAS #; 91-58-7
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 162.6 m.p., °C: 61 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 0.017 (calculated)
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 6.74 (calculated)
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 4.12
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Some of the dissolved compound may be photolyzed
oxidation: Probalby too slow to be important
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: No volatilization rate has been determined, but volatiliza-
tion has been recorded
sorption: 2-Chloronaphthalene should be adsorbed onto particulates,
especially organic matter
biological processes: Bioaccumulation occurs, but is probably short-term;
biodegradation and metabolization are both fairly rapid
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 I.10.1-1
-------
D
D)
ft
(D
Ul
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 2-CHLORONAPHTHALENE
a,b
I
to
Raw wastewater
Concentration , yg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Auto and other laundries
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling)
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
ND
NA
NA
NA
ND
Maximum
<3.3
<10d
17
NA
NA
NA
3
Mean
<0.4
<10<3
1
ioe
526
22
0.3
Q
Loading, kg/d
Minimum Maximum
0 0.011
4.2 x 10~5 0.29
9 x 10-7 0.0014
6 x 10~8 0.6
0.0010 5.1
0 NA
0 NA
Mean
0.0015
0.018
0.00021
0.0015
1.1
4.0
0.016
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume H of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry waste-
water discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the
reported maximum was utilized.
One sample.
-------
D
0)
ft
(D
N)
en
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 2-CHLORONAPHTHALENE
3'b
Treated wastewater
Industry
Concentration, pg/L
Loading, kg/d
Minimum Maximum
Mean
Minimum Maximum
Mean
Coal mining
Textile mills
Iron and steel mnufacturing
NA
NA
NA
ND
NA
NA
ND
NA
3,500
NA
0
NA
NA
NA
630
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
to
rt
(D
M
NJ
\
Ul
\
•^ POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY
WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE
FOR 2-CHLORONAPHTHALENE3'
a
Treatment process
Gas flotation with chemical addition
(alum, polymer)
J_, Filtration
0
Sedimentation with chemical addition
i (lime, polymer)
Aerated lagoons
Activated sludge
Synthetic wastewater Actual
Removal Average Removal
range, achievable range,
% cone . , pg/L %
3d
od'e
od'e
>47d
50d
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone . , pg/L
16d
e
_e
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume V, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PCB's and Related Compounds.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 37-1 -
37-8.
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.1-5
-------
-------
Compound; Benz(a)anthracene Formula;
Alternate Names; 1,2-Benzanthracene,
Tetraphene, Naphthanthracene,
2,3-Benzophenanthrene
CAS #: 56-55-3
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 228.3 m.p., °C: 155-157 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 5 x 10~9
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 0.014
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 5.61
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Photolysis to quinones is rapid, but is greatly hindered by
adsorption
oxidation: Oxidation by alkyl peroxy radicals could compete with photolysis
dissolved benz(a)anthracene
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Too slow to compete with sorption as a transport process
sorption: Very strong adsorption by suspended solids is the principal
transport process
biological processes: Short-term bioaccumulation is accompanied by
metabolization; biodegradation is the principal fate
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.2-1
-------
rt
n>
N)
U1
\
VO
NJ
I
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BENZ(a)ANTHRACENE
a,b
Raw wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Coal mining
Timber products processing
Auto and other laundries
Coil coating
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
BDL
ND
ND
ND
NA
ND
Maximum
35
7,700
120
160
NA
2,000
180
yg/L
Mean
9.2
157d
120
33
3,300
90
13
Q
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0
0.00011
0.0016
0
0
0
Maximum
0.24
7.2
17
0.059
22
NA
NA
Mean
0.035
0.013
0.025
0.016
8.9
16
70
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
-------
rt
(D
to
\
en
o
•
I
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BENZ(a)ANTHRACENE
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L
Industry
Coal raining
Timber products processing
Auto and other laundries
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
BDL
NA
<20
NA
ND
Maximum
<3.3
3,400
ND
7,300
470,000
6.0
Mean
<0.2d
9e
ND
1,200
34
0.7
Loading ,C kg/d
Minimum
0
°f
0
0
0
Maximum
0.0053
Of41
-
8.0
NA
NA
Mean
0.00076
Of00077
—
3.2
6.1
0.04
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Analytical method did not distinguish between benz(a)anthracene and chrysene.
"Median, not average.
Indeterminate.
-------
o
0)
rt
(D
• •
M
M
\
Ul
\
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vo
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR BENZ( a ) ANTHRACENE3 >b
Synthetic wastewater
Removal ' Average
range, achievable
Treatment process % cone., pg/L
Gravity oil separation
f"H
l_, Sedimentation with chemical addition
P (lime, polymer)
i Sedimentation with chemical addition
"^ (lime)
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Actual wastewater
Removal
c
range ,
0,
o
NA
>81d
>92d
>93 - >97
Average
achievable
cone . , pg/L
55d
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume V, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PCB's and Related Compounds.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979.
pp. 103-1 - 103-15.
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.2-5
-------
-------
Compound: Benzo(b)fluoranthene
Formula:
Alternate Names:
CAS #: 205-99-2
2,3-Benzofluoranthene,
Benz(e)acephenanthrylene,
3,4-Benzofluoranthene, B(b)F
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
Not available
mol. wt.: 252.3 m.p., °C: 167-168 b.p. (760 torr), °(
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 5 x 10~7 (calculated)
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 0.0012 (calculated)
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 6.57
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Dissolved portion should undergo direct photolysis to quinones
oxidation: Rapid oxidation by chlorine and ozone could occur when chlorine
and ozone are available in sufficient quantity
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Probably too slow to compete with adsorption as a transport
process
sorption: Very strong adsorption onto suspended solids is the principal
transport process
biological processes: Short-term bioaccumulation accompanied by metaboliza-
tion; biodegradation is the principal fate
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79
1.10.3-1
-------
a
(D
rt
(D
01
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BENZO(b)FLUORANTHENE
a,b
U>
I
to
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Foundries
Coil coating
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron & steel manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
BDL
ND
ND
ND
NA
Maximum
12
-------
tn
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BENZO(k)FLUORANTHENE
a,b
U)
I
U)
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M9/L
Industry
Coal mining
Timber products processing
Textile mills
Auto and other laundries
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
NA
BDL
NA
NA
ND
NA
Maximum
ND
210
NA
ND
12
37
Mean
ND
376
NA
ND
0.6
12
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
_d
0
NA
0
0
Maximum
_d
1.7
NA
NA
NA
Mean
_d
0.0032
NA
0.032
2.2
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
iMean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
£
Median, not average.
-------
rt
n>
NJ
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR BENZO(b)FLUORANTHENE
a,b
U)
I
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
cone. , |Jg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., ug/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
Sedimentation
Aerated lagoons
Ozonation
83
0
>80
d d
.4 97
d d
<0.02
III
III
III
.4.2
.5.3
.6.14
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume V, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PCB's and Related Compounds.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979.
pp. 104-1 - 104-12.
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.3-5
-------
-------
Compound: Benzo(k)fluroanthene Formula;
Alternate Names; 11, 12-Benzofluoranthene, B(k)F
CAS #; 207-08-9
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 252.3 m.p., °C: 217 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (20°C) , torr: 5 x 10~7 (calculated)
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 0.00055 (calculated)
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 6.84
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Dissolved portion may undergo photolysis to quinones
oxidation: If chlorine and/or ozone is present in sufficient quantity, rapid
oxidation should occur
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Probably too slow to compete with adsorption as a transport
process; rate uncertain
sorption: Very strongly sorbed onto suspended solids; dominant transport
process
biological processes: Bioaccumulation (short-term) accompanied by metaboliza-
tion; biodegradation (microbial) dominant fate
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.4-1
-------
o
0)
rt
tn
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BENZO(k)FLUORANTHENE
a,b
U1
o
•
I
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
d
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Auto and other laundries
Foundries
Coil coating
Iron s steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
BDL
ND
ND
ND
NA
ND
Maximum
12
ioe
3,900
120
NA
35
360
210
Mean
3.6
<10«
27
120
6
18
40
20
Q
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
4.2 x 10~5
0
0.00010
0
0.0009
0
0
Maximum
0.095
0.29
1.2
0.17
0.040
0.032
NA
NA
Mean
0.014
0.018
0.0023
0.025
0.016
0.0086
7.2
1.0
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Analytical method did not distinguish between benzo(b)fluoranthene and
benzo(k)fluoranthene.
a
"One sample.
Median, not average.
-------
D
(U
rt
0)
(-1
N>
\
-------
o
01
ft
0)
NJ
VD
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR BENZO(k)FLUORANTHENE
a,b
Treatment process
Gravity oil separation
Filtration
Sedimentation
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Synthetic
Removal
range ,
%
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone., |Jg/L
Actual
Removal
range ,
%
NA
od'e
>57 - >97
>80d
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone . , |Jg/L
150
e
<5
<0.02d
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
III. 4.1
III. 4. 6
III. 4. 2
III. 6.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL
CAverage and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
eActual data indicate negative removal.
- below detection limit.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume V, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PCB's and Related Compounds.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979.
pp. 105-1 - 105-12.
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.4-5
-------
-------
Compound; Benzo(a)pyrene Formula;
Alternate Names; 3,4-Benzopyrene
CAS #; 50-32-8
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 252.3 m.p., °C: 179 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: 5 x 10~9
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 0.0038
log octanoI/water partition coefficient: 6.04
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Dissolved portion should undergo rapid photolysis to quinones
oxidation: Oxidation by chlorine and/or ozone could account for a small
portion of the dissolved compound
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Probably too slow to compete with adsorption as a transport
process; rate uncertain
sorption: Very strong adsorption onto suspended solids is the dominant
transport process
biological processes: Bioaccumulation is short-term; metabolization and
microbial degradation principal fates
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.5-1
-------
a
ju
rt
CO
M
VD
I
N)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BENZO(a)PYRENE
a,b
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Auto and other laundries
Foundries
Coil coating
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron & steel manufacturing
Minimum
ND
BDL
NA
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
Maximum
12
2,700
NA
120
57
<10
570
510
Mean
4a6
420
NA
120
16
<10
17
21
£
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0
NA
0.00011
0
<0.0005
0
0
Maximum
0.12
19
NA
0.17
0.11
<0.'018
NA
NA
Mean
0.017
0.036
NA
0.025
0.043
<0.0048
0.90
3.8
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
~<
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
-------
Date: 12/5/79
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BENZO(a)PYRENEa/t>
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M9/L
M
h-1
•
Ul
1
U>
Industry
Coal mining
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Auto and other laundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Foundries
Minimum
NA
BDL
1.3
NA
NA
ND
<20g
Maximum
ND
290
2.9
17g
130
9.0
<20g
Mean
ND
15e
2.1
17g
9
4.2
<20g
c
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
_d
0
0
1.5x10" 5
0
0
0
Maximum
_d
0.69
0.19
0.024
NA
NA
0.13
Mean
_d
0.0013
0.012
0.0036
1.62
0.22
0.054
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
Median, not average.
Analytical method did not distinguish between benzo(a)pyrene and perylene.
q
One sample.
-------
o
0)
ft
(D
Ul
(Jl
I
•ta.
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR BENZO(a)PYRENE
a,b
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
Treatment process % cone., pg/L
Gravity oil separation
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(lime, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(lime)
Aerated lagoons
Ozonation
Actual wastewater
Removal
c
range ,
0.
o
NA
oe
>70 - 98
od'e
od'e
33d
>90d
Average
achievable
cone., pg/L
15.5
e
<5.3
e
e
2e
<0.02
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
III. 4.1
III. 4. 6
III. 4. 2
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 5. 3
III. 6. 14
See Volume III for detailed information.
bNA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL
Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
6Actual data indicate negative removal.
- below detection limit.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume V, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PCB's and Related Compounds.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979.
pp. 107-1 - 107-19.
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.5-5
-------
-------
Compound; Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene Formula;
Alternate Names; 2,3-0-Phenylenepyrene,
IP
CAS #: 193-39-5
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 276.3
m.p.
"C: 162-164
b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 10~1° (calculated)
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 0.062 (calculated)
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 7.66
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Insufficient data, but at best only a small portion of the com-
pound would be available in dissolved form for photolysis
oxidation: Rapid oxidation by chlorine and/or ozone may compete for dissolved
compound
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Probably too slow to be important; rate uncertain
sorption: Very strong adsorption onto suspended solids should be the dominant
transport process
biological processes: Bioaccumulation is short-term; metabolization and
microbial biodegradation are the principal fates
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79
1.10.6-1
-------
o
0)
rt
(D
to
\
un
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF INDENO(1,2,3-cd)PYRENE
o
I
Raw wastewater
Industry
Coal mining
Timber products processing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Concentration, pg/L
Minimum Maximum Mean
ND <10 <2.1
BDL 5,500 130d
NA NA 7
ND 350 18
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.056
6.0
NA
NA
Mean
0.0079
0.011
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
-------
D
0)
r^
in
to
\
ui
M
I
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF INDENO(1,2,3-cd)PYRENE
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, |jg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Timber products processing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
BDL
NA
ND
Maximum
6.3
110
NA
8
Mean
V
40d
8
0.4
c
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.011
1.8
NA
NA
Mean
0.0015
0.0034
1.4
0.02
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Median, not average.
-------
D
Q)
rt-
(D
UI
U)
CTi
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER-TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR INDENO(1,2,3-cd)PYRENE
a,b
a
Treatment process
Gravity oil separation
Activated sludge
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., (jg/L
Actual
Removal
range ,
0,
~o
NA
>99d
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , pg/L
40d
<0.02d
Volume III
references ,
Section numbers
III. 4.1
III. 5.1
See Volume III for detailed
NA - Not available , ND - not
c , .
information.
detected, BDL - below detection
limit.
Only one data point.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume V, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PCB's and Related Compounds.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979.
pp. 112-1 - 112-12.
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.6-5
-------
-------
Compound; Dibenz(ah)anthracene Formula:
Alternate Names: DB(a,h)A, 1,2,5,6-Dibenz-
anthracene, DBA
CAS #; 53-70-3
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 278.4 m.p., °C: 270 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 10~1° (calculated)
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 0.0005
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 5.97
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: The dissolved portion of the compound may undergo rapid photoly-
sis to quinones
oxidation: Rapid oxidation by chlorine and/or ozone may compete for dissolved
DBA
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Probably too slow to be important; rate uncertain
sorption: Strong adsorption by suspended solids, especially organic particu-
lates, should be the principal transport process
biological processes: Bioaccumulation is short-term; metabolization and
microbial biodegradation are the principal fates
other reactions/interactions : Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.7-1
-------
D
(D
ft
(D
t_n
I
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DIBENZ(ah)ANTHRACENE3'b
Raw wastewater
Industry
Coal mining
Timber products processing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Concentration, yg/L
Minimum Maximum Mean
ND <10 <1.7
BDL 430 NA
NA 16 8
ND 110 8.2
Loading, kq/d
Minimum
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.045
9.9
NA
NA
Mean
0.0064
0.018
1.4
0.43
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
-------
o
0)
ri-
ft
NJ
en
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DI BENZ( ah) ANTHRACENE3 'b
Concentration,
o
~j
I
OJ
Industry Minimum
Coal mining ND
Timber products processing NA
Nonferrous metals manufacturing ND
Iron and steel manufacturing NA
Information contained in this table was obtained from
Maximum
8
BDL
8
NA
Volume II
Treated wastewater
pg/L Loading, kg/d
Mean Minimum Maximum
0.5 0, 0^013
BDL -d -d
0.6 0 NA
8 0 NA
of the Treatability Manual.
Mean
O.Q019
0.032
1.44
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
-------
G
Oi
rt
N)
\
Ul
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR DIBENZ(ah)ANTHRACENE3/b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone., pg/L % cone., pg/L Section numbers
o
•
-j
I
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume V, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PCB's and Related Compounds.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979.
pp. 109-1 - 109-12.
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.7-5
-------
-------
Compound: Benzo(ghi)perylene Formula:
Alternate Names; 1,12-Benzoperylene
CAS #; 191-24-2
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 276 m.p., °C: 222 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 10~1° (calculated)
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 0.00026
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 7.23
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: The dissolved portion could undergo rapid photolysis, but very
little of the compound is present in dissolved form
oxidation: Oxidation by chlorine and/or ozone could occur if enough chlorine
or ozone is present; relatively unimportant
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Probably too slow to compete with adsorption as a transport
process; rate uncertain
sorption: Very strong adsorption onto suspended solids, especially organic
matter, should be the dominant transport process
biological processes: Bioaccumulation is short-term; metabolization and
microbial biodegradation are the principal fates
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.8-1
-------
D
tu
rt
(D
N)
\
Ul
00
I
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BENZO(ghi)PERYLENE
a,b
Raw wastewater
Concentration, ug/L
Industry
Coal mining
Timber products processing
Coil coating
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
ND
BDL
ND
ND
NA
Maximum Mean
12 3.6
315 6d
<10 <10
150 12
NA 16
c
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0
<0.0005
0
0
Maximum
0.095
0.28
<0.018
NA
NA
Mean
0.014
0.00052
<0.0048
0.64
2.9
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
-------
sr
to
01
-J
vO
oo
I
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BENZO(ghi)PERYLENE3'b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, [ig/L
Industry
Coal mining
Timber products processing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
BDL
NA
ND
Maximum
<3.3
63
NA
11
Mean
<0,2
2d
6
0.2
Loading, kg/d
Minimum Maximum
0
0
0
0
0.0053
0.092
NA
NA
Mean
0.00076
0.00017
1.1
0.011
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Median, not average.
-------
o
0)
rt
n>
Ul
\
-J
00
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATBR TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR BENZO(ghi)PERYLENE3/b
Gravity
3
Treatment process
oil separation
Synthetic
Removal
range ,
%
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone., (Jg/L
Sedimentation
Actual
Removal
range ,
%
NA
>17d
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone., M9/L
550
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume V, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PCB's and Related Compounds.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979.
pp. 106-1 - 106-12.
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.8-5
-------
-------
Compound; Acenaphthene Formula:
Alternate Names; None
CAS #; 83-32-9
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 154.2 m.p., °C: 96 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 0.02 (calculated)
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 3.47
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 4.33
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Photolysis should be an important fate in view of the relatively
high solubility and the strong absorption above 300 nm
oxidation: Rapid oxidation by chlorine and ozone requires high concentrations
of Cl or 03
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Cannot compete with adsorption as a transport process
sorption: Adsorption onto suspended solids, especially organic matter, should
be dominant transport process
biological processes: Bioaccumulation is short-term; metabolization and
biodegradation are principal fates
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.9-1
-------
D
DJ
rt
(D
N)
\
U1
\
-~J
vo
H
•
M
O
I
NJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ACENAPHTHENE
,a,b
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
DDL
37
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
Maximum
<10
12
55,000
522
100
200
NA
100
53
Mean
<1.9,
8.7
170d
280d
12
21
5
7.4
9
Q
Loading, , Kg/cl
Minimum
0
3.6 x 10~5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.050
0.25
7.8
26
0.082
0.014
NA
NA
NA
Mean
0.0072
0.016
0.015
1.6
0.011
0.057
0.0075
0.39
1.6
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND- not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
'Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the
reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
-------
a
fU
rt
H
01
VO
H
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ACENAPHTHEN£
a'b
Treated
Concentration, pg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
NA
NA
BDL
NA
ND
<10
NA
ND
Maximum
ND
0.5e
18,000
0.66
ND
39
NA
36
Mean
ND
0P5e
90f
0.66
ND
21
11
5.1
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
_d
2.0 x 10 6
0
od
-
0
0
0
Maximum
_d
0.014
4.1
Oa056
0.14
NA
NA
Mean
_d
0.0009
0.0077
0,0035
0.057
2.0
0.27
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
^
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
e~ -i
One sample.
Median, not average.
-------
ri-
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M
•
M
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I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR ACENAPHTHENE
a,b
Synthetic
wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average
range, achievable range, achievable
Treatment process % cone., pg/L % cone., M9/L
Gravity oil separation
Filtration
Aerated lagoons
Activated sludge
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Reverse osmosis
NA 910
73d 0
od'e
76 - >99 <1
>93d <0
76-99 1
.6d
e
.5
.04d
.5
Volume III
references ,
Section numbers
III
III
III
III
III
III
.4
.4
.5
.5
.6
.6
.1
.6
.6
.1
.1
.9
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL
Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
Actual data indicate negative removal.
- below detection limit.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume V, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PCB's and Related Compounds.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979.
pp. 100-1 - 100-12.
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.9-5
-------
-------
Compound; Acenaphthylene Formula;
Alternate Names; None
CAS #; 208-96-8
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 152.2 m.p., °C: 92 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 0.029
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 3.93
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 4.07
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Rapid photolysis of dissolved acenaphthylene could be an important
fate; data inconclusive
oxidation: No data on acenaphthylene, but in the presence of ozone and/or
chlorine in large amounts, oxidation may occur
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Probably too slow to compete with adsorption as a transport
process, rate uncertain
sorption: Acenaphthylene should be adsorbed onto suspended solids, especially
organic particulates
biological processes: Bioaccumulation is short-term; metabolization and
biodegradation are the most important fates
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 I.10.10-1
-------
rt
(D
tvj
Ln
\
vo
o
I
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ACENAPHTHYLENE
a,b
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Leather tanning and finishing
Coil coating
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
BDL
4
ND
<10
ND
NA
ND
Maximum
8
2,060
87
NA
<10
62
6,400
120
Mean
!
930^
n
46
2
<10
15
290
8.2
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
0
0
0
0
<0.0005
0
0
0
Maximum
0.026
43
4.3
NA
<0.018
0.10
NA
NA
Mean
0.0038
0.080
0.27
0.003
<0.0048
0.040
52
0.43
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
-------
ft
n>
• •
M
tn
\
vO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ACENAPHTHYLENEa/t>
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M9/L
H
o
U)
Industry
Coal mining
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Foundries
Minimum
NA
BDL
NA
ND
NA
<10
Maximum
ND
190
NA
36
1,600
500
Mean
ND
4e
NA
1.3
28
69
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
_d
0
NA
0
0
0
Maximum
_d
0.18
NA
NA
NA
0.46
Mean
_d
0.00034
NA
0.069
5.0
0.19
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available,- ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
TIean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
Median, not average.
-------
o
DJ
ct
0>
U1
O
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR ACENAPHTHYLENE
a,b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average
range, achievable range, achievable
Treatment process % cone., M9/L % cone., \Jq/L
Gravity oil separation
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(lime, polymer)
Aerated lagoons
Activated sludge
NA 40
>17d <10d
od'e -e
od'e
od-e -e
Volume III
references ,
Section numbers
III
III
III
III
III
.4
.4
.4
.5
.5
.1
.2
.3
.3
.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
•*
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
3
"Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Pate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume V, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PCB's and Related Compounds.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979.
pp. 101-1 - 101-12.
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.10-5
-------
-------
Compound; Anthracene Formula;
Alternate Names; Paranaphthalene, Green oil,
Tetra Olive NZG
CAS #; 120-12-7
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt. : 178.2 m.p., °C: 216 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 1.95 x lO""
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 0.073
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 4.45
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [I]
photolysis: Rapid photolysis occurs only for dissolved portion; thus,
increased adsorption greatly decreases photolysis
oxidation: Ozone and chlorine in sufficient quantities can oxidize dissolved
anthracene
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Volatilization is hindered by adsorption and is significant
only in shallow, clear, well mixed streams
sorption: Adsorption by suspended solids and sediments is the primary
transport process
biological processes: Short-term bioaccumulation; metabolization and
biodegradation are the ultimate fates
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 I.10.11-1
-------
D
ft)
rt
(D
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ANTHRACENE
a,b
ui
\
Raw wastewater
Concentration, pg/L
Industry
d
Coal mining
Textile mills
Petroleum refining
Timber products processing
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Coil coating
Foundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
46
NA
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
Maximum
132
o.ie
1,100
NA
470
7
1,400
470
140
3,000
2,800
Mean
23
o.ie
170f
NA
23
1.8
28
64
62
43
91
c
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
4.2 x 10~7
0
NA
2.1 x 10~5
0
0.0014
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.61
0.0029
16
NA
0.032
0.012
0.050
0.43
NA
NA
NA
Mean
0.087
0.00018
0.99
NA
0.0048
0.0017
0.013
0.17
0.093
2.2
16
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, 1/2 the
reported maximum was utilized.
Analytical method did not distinguish between anthracene and phenanthrene.
a
"One sample.
Median, not average.
Analytical method di not distinguish between anthracene/phenanthrene.
-------
D
to
rt
(D
\
-o
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ANTHRACENE
a,b
Treated
Concentration, (Jg/L
Industry
_ n . . d
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Leather tanning and finishing
Minimum
ND
NA
BDL
Trace
2
ND
<4
NA
ND
NDd
Maximum
<10
4.4e
37,000
<10
12
ND
3,200
2,300
140
-------
ri-
ft)
KJ
\
Ul
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR ANTHRACENE
a,b
Treatment process3
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation
Gas flotation with chemical addition
{calcium chloride, polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition
(polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition
(alum, polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(lime, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(alum)
Ozonation
Activated sludge
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Reverse osmosis
Synthetic wastewater Actual
Removal Average Removal
range, achievable range,0
% cone., pg/L %
NA
45d'f
83d' f
t
Od,e,f
Od,e,f
40-70f
55-92f
Od,e,f
Od.e,f
Od,e,f
48->97
57->97
>63->97
7?d,f
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , ug/L
3d
^600d'f
66d'f
_e,f
-e-f
400f
<14f
_e-f
_e-f
-e-f
f 0.2f
f <2.5f
f 0.12f
0.7d'f
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
III. 4.1
III. 4. 4
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 6
III. 4. 2
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 6. 14
III. 5.1
III. 6.1
III. 6. 9
aSee Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit
Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
eActual data indicate negative removal
Analytical method did not distinguish between anthracene and phenanthrene.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume V, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PCB's and Related Compounds.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979.
pp. 102-1 - 102-12.
Date: 8/13/79 I.10.11-5
-------
-------
Compound; Chrysene Formula;
Alternate Names: 1,2-Benzophenanthrene,
Benz(a)phenanthrene,
1,2,5,6-Dibenzonaphthalene
CAS #; 218-01-9
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 228.3 m.p., °C: 256 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 6.3 x 10~7 (calculated)
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 0.002
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 5.61
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Very little specific data, but photolysis may claim some
dissolved chrysene
oxidation: Chlorine and/or ozone in sufficient quantities may oxidize
dissolved chrysene
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Probably too slow to compete with adsorption as a transport
process; rate undetermined
sorption: Adsorption onto suspended solids and sediment is the dominant
transport process
biological processes: Short-term bioaccumulation; metabolization and
biodegradation are the principal fates
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.12-1
-------
D
OJ
ft
(B
Ul
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CHRYSENE
a,b
to
I
NJ
Raw wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Coal mining
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Coil coating
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
BDL
5.5
ND
57
NA
ND
Maximum
35
4,700
20
160
13,000
2,200
10,000
yg/L
Mean
9.2
98e
13e
17
1,100
94
160
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0
0
0.00085
0
0
0
Maximum
0.24
4.5
1.2
0.031
7.4
NA
NA
Mean
0.035
0.0084
0.075
0.008
3.0
17
8.5
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Analytical method did not distinguish between benz(a)anthracene and chrysene.
=>
'Median, not average.
-------
ft
ro
to
H
•
M
O
I
OJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CHRYSENE
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
BDL
0.3
13
NA
ND
Maximum
<3.3
19 , 000
1.4
<20
530
140
Mean
<0.2
BDL ._
0.8f
17
18
3.8
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
_e
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.0053
_e
0.074
0.11
NA
NA
Mean
0.0076
_e
0.0046
0.046
3.2
0.20
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
rj
Analytical method did not distinguish between benz(a)anthracene and chrysene.
a
"Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
Median, not average.
-------
D
V
ft
to
\
tn
to
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR CHRYSENE
a,b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone., Mg/L % cone., \jg/L Section numbers
Gravity oil separation
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(lime, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(lime)
NA 11 III. 4.1
Od'e -e III. 4. 2
99d 10d III. 4. 3
>92d <10d III. 4. 3
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
•*
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
a
"Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume V, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PCB's and Related Compounds.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979.
pp. 108-1 - 108-12.
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.12-5
-------
-------
Compound; Fluoranthene Formula;
Alternate Names; Benzo(j,k)fluorene,
Idryl
CAS #; 206-44-0
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt. : 202.3 m.p., °C: 111 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 6 x 10~6 (calculated)
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 0.26
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 5.33
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Insufficient data, but photolysis may be very important
oxidation: Chlorine and/or ozone in sufficient quantities may oxidize
fluoranthene
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Not an important transport process
sorption: Adsorption onto suspended solids and sediments is probably the
dominant transport process
biological processes: Short-term bioaccumulation; biodegradation is a very
important fate
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.13-1
-------
o
a>
ri-
(D
Ul
-J
VD
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF FLUORANTHENE
,a,b
U)
I
NJ
Raw wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Coal mining
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Auto and other laundries
Coil coating
Foundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
BDL
NA
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
ND
Maximum
16
35,000
2706
14
130
390
NA
3,100
3,000
pg/L
Mean
4d
1,600
2706
7
20
40
0.3
110
55
c
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
0
0
0
6.3 x 10~6
0.001
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.11
74
25
0.0098
0.028
0.27
NA
NA
NA
Mean
0.015
0.14
1.6
0.0015
0.0096
0.11
0.00045
20
2.9
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the
reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
3
"One sample.
-------
D
OJ
ft
tt>
01
U)
I
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF FLUORANTHENE
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, |jg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Auto and other laundries
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
BDL
NA
ND
6
ND
ND
Maximum
<6.7
17,000
NA
0.4
97
860
200
Mean
<0 4
nod
BDL
0.2
35
39
13
Q
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0
e
2 x 10 7
0
0
0
Maximum
0.011
5.1
e
0.00028
0.23
NA
NA
Mean
0.0015
0.0095
e
™
4.2 x 10 5
0.095
7.0
0.69
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
nedian, not average.
eMean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
-------
o
PJ
ft
1/1
\
VD
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR FLUORANTHENE
3'
U>
I
Treatment process
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation with chemical addition
(polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(lime, polymer)
Ozonation
Activated sludge
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Synthetic wastewater Actual
Removal Average Removal
range, achievable range,
% ,conc., pg/L %
NA
od'e
29-50
17->64
>97d
50d
od'e
>82->90
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , pg/L
60
e
0.11
<17
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume V, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PCB's and Related Compounds.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979.
pp. 110-1 - 110-13.
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.13-5
-------
-------
Compound; Fluorene Formula;
Alternate Names: 2,3-Benzidene,
Diphenylenemethane
CAS #; 86-73-7
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 116.2 m.p., °C: 116-117 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 1.3 x 10~2 (calculated)
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 1.98
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 4.18
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Inconclusive data; photolysis may be important, but is probably
impeded by adsorption
oxidation: Chlorine and/or ozone in sufficient quantities may oxidize
fluorene
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Probably not an important transport process
sorption: Adsorption onto particles, biota, and sediments is probably the
dominant transport process
biological processes: Bioaccumulation is short-term; metabolization and
biodegradation are very important fates
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.14-1
-------
D
OJ
n-
CD
to
\
01
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF FLUORENE
a,b
I
to
Raw wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Coil coating
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
BDL
NA
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
Maximum
47
15
48,000
270
14
800
300
94
2,500
yg/L
Mean
8
NA
2,30o!l
270
3.5
66
17
5
85
Q
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
0
_d
0
0
0
0
0.00085
0
0
Maximum
0.21
_d
100
25
0.024
0.44
0.031
NA
NA
Mean
0.030
_d
0.20
1.6
0.0032
0.18
0.032
0.27
15
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
'Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
i
'Median, not average.
One sample.
-------
D
(U
(D
H
10
^ INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF FLUORENE3'*3
-J
Treated wastewater
Concentration, [iq/L
Industry
Coal mining
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Textile mills
^ Pharmaceutical manufacturing
M Foundries
P Iron and steel manufacturing
M Nonferrous metals manufacturing
i
Minimum
NA
BDL
NA
NA
ND
5
NA
ND
Maximum
ND
16,000
NA
NA
ND
10,000
500
100
Mean
ND
36e
NA
NA
ND
1,300
17
8.7
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
d
0
NA
NA,
0
0
0
Maximum
d
1.6
NA
NA,
Q
8.7
NA
NA
Mean
d
0.0031
NA
NA,
Q
3.5
3.1
0.46
U>
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
£
Median, not average.
-------
ft
(D
K)
tn
VD
M
0
M
*>.
1
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR FLUORENE3'
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range , achievable
Treatment process % cone., \iq/L
Gravity oil separation
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(lime, polymer)
Aerated lagoons
Ozonation
Activated sludge
Actual
Removal
c
range ,
NA
od'e
>79d
50->99
99d
67d
>99
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , pg/L
140
e
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume V, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PCB's and Related Compounds.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979.
pp. 111-1 - 111-12.
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.14-5
-------
-------
Compound; Naphthalene Formula:
Alternate Names: Moth balls, Tar Camphor,
Naphthene
CAS #: 91-20-3
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
>C: 80.6 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
mol. wt.: 128.2
m.p.
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 0.0492
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 34.4
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 3.37
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Readily degraded in static biological test using acclimated
seed from an activated sludge plant; reduced from 2 ppm to
nondetectable during 7-day test
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Relatively high solubility could make photolysis an important
fate; data inconclusive
oxidation: Chlorine and/or ozone in sufficient quantities may oxidize
naphthalene
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Rate uncertain; could be very important
sorption: Relatively low partition coefficient makes adsorption less dominant
but sorption is still a competitive transport process
biological processes: Short-term bioaccumulation; biodegradation and
metabolization are the ultimate fates
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data [3]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
1,000
100
IS
f
* 10
0.1 1 10
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
100
Date: 8/13/79
1.10.15-1
-------
D
£U
rt
(D
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF NAPHTHALENE
a,b
U1
m
I
Raw wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Coil coating
Foundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
BDL
^68
ND
NA
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
Maximum
402
110
45,000
^1,000
18,000
NA
4,800
14
35
160
67
5,000
29,000
ug/L
Mean
57
44d
3,500d
^400d
1,500
NA
240
2.8
<10
27
26
110
2,300
Q
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0.00018
0
0
0
NA
0.00022
0
<0.0005
0
0
0
0
Maximum
1.5
1.3
160
^37
0.069
NA
0.34
0.019
<0.018
0.18
NA
NA
NA
Mean
0.21
0.079
0.30
^2.3
0.0024
NA
0.050
0.0026
<0.005
0.073
0.039
5.8
414
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
°Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
d
Median, not average.
-------
D
BJ
rt
en
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF NAPHTHALENE
a,b
H
Ul
I
U)
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Petroleum refining
Timber products processing
Paint and ink formulation
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Leather tanning and finishing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.9
ND
3
NA
ND
ND
Maximum
<10
255
o.ie
NA
NA
66
520
7
270
5,900
15
930
Mean
<0,6
22d
o.ie
NA
NA
66
200
1.4
44
200
4.3
17
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
9.2 x 10"5
0
NA
NA
0
0.00018
0
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.016
0.63
0.0093
NA
NA
NA
0.28
0.0095
0.29
NA
NA
NA
Mean
0.0023
0.040
0.00058
NA
NA
0.18
0.042
0.0013
0.12
36
0.0064
0.90
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Median, not average.
One sample.
-------
fl)
rt
K)
\
l/l
\
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR NAPHTHALENE
a,b
ui
I
Treatment
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range , achievable
process % cone., ug/L
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation
Gas flotation with
(calcium chloride
Gas dotation with
(polymer)
Gas flotation with
(alum, polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with
(alum, lime)
Sedimentation with
(lime, polymer)
Tertiary polishing
Aerated lagoons
Trickling filters
Activated sludge
Powdered activated
chemical addition
, polymer) ' •
chemical addition
chemical addition
chemical addition
chemical addition
lagoons
carbon adsorption
Actual
Removal
range,
NA
~18-36
54-82
>65-^96
52
>78-86
>50->98
70d
49-98
>82d
>28->58
od'e
66->99
>96d
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone., ug/L
410
V380
700
<5
11
<5.8
<22
H
16°
6.5
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume V, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PCB's and Related Compounds.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979.
pp. 113-1 - 113-12.
2. Fochtman, E. G., and W. Eisenberg. Treatability of Carcinogenic and
other Hazardous Organic Compounds. Illinois Institute of Technology
Research Institute, Chicago, Illinois. 58 pp.
3. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.15-5
-------
-------
Compound: Phenanthrene Formula;
Alternate Names: Phenanthren
CAS #; 85-01-8
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 178.2 m.p., °C: 101 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 6.8 x 10~4
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 1.29
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 4.46
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Data inconclusive; photolysis is probably greatly hindered by
strong adsorption
oxidation: Chlorine and/or ozone in sufficient quantities may oxidize
phenanthrene
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Probably not an important transport process
sorption: Probably the dominant transport process; organic particulates
preferred
biological processes: Short-term bioaccumulation; metabolization and
biodegradation are the principal fates
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.16-1
-------
0
0)
rt
(D
N)
-J
VD
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF PHENANTHRENE
a,b
H
•
I-1
O
Raw wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Coil coating
Foundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
DDL
NA
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
Maximum
39,000
NA
470
7
1,400
470
140
3,000
2,800
yg/L
Mean
3,800d
NA
28
1.8
28
63
62
46
99
Q
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
0
NA
2.1 x 10~5
0
0.0014
0
0
0
0
Maximum
170
NA
0.032
0.012
0.050
0.42
NA
NA
NA
Mean
0.33
NA
0 . 0048
0.0016
0.013
0.11
0.093
2.4
18
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Median, not average.
Average of medians reported for various industry segments.
3
"Analytical method did not distinguish between anthracene/phenanthrene.
-------
D
fu
ft
H
NJ
\
cn
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF PHENANTHRENE3 '
b
^ Treated wastewater
vD
H
0
(Ti
1
Concentration, M9/L
Industry
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Leather tanning and finishing
3
Information contained in this table was
Minimum
BDL
BDL
ND
ND
<4
NA
ND
ND
obtained from
Maximum
36,000
<10
ND
ND
3,200
2,300
140
<10
Volume II of
Mean
"da
<0.8d
ND
ND
480
67
4.6
4.1
the Tre
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
°f
_f
0
0
0
0
atability
Maximum
1.5
0 074
f
3.2
NA
NA
NA
Manual.
Mean
0.0028
0-0046
f
1.3
12
0.24
0.0062
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Tledian, not average.
£
Analytical method did not distinguish between anthracene and phenanthrene.
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
-------
D
Oi
r+
(D
tn
\
^j
VD
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR PHENANTHRENE
a,b
Treatment process
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation
Gas flotation with chemical addition
(calcium chloride, polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition
(polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition
(alum, polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(lime, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(alum)
Aerated lagoons
Ozonation
Activated sludge
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Reverse osmosis
Synthetic wastewater Actual
Removal Average Removal
range,0 achievable range,
% cone . , pg/L %
NA
45
83
t
0
0
40-70
55-92
0
0
0
od'e
48->97f
57->97f
>63->97f
77
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , pg/L
3
•v600
66
-
-
400
<14
-
-
-
_e
0.2f
<2.5f
0.12f
0.7
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
III 4 *
III 4 4
III. 4. 5
III. 4 5
III 4.5
III. 4. 6
III. 4. 2
III 4.3
111.4 3
III. 4. 3
III. 5. 3
III. 6. 14
III. 5.1
III. 6.1
III. 6. 9
aSee Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
CAverage and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point
CActuaI data indicate negative removal
^Analytical method did not distinguish between anthracene and phenanthrene
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume V, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PCB's and Related Compounds.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979.
pp. 114-1 - 114-12.
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.16-5
-------
-------
Compound: Pyrene Formula:
Alternate Names: Benzo(def)phenanthrene
CAS #; 129-00-0
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 202 m.p., °C: 150 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 6.85 x 10~7
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 0.14
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 5.32
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Low solubility probably hinders photolysis; relatively
unimportant fate
oxidation: Chlorine and/or ozone in sufficient quantities can oxidize
dissolved pyrene
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Probably not as important as adsorption as a transport
process; rate uncertain
sorption: Adsorption onto suspended particles, biota, and sediment is
probably the dominant transport process
biological processes: Short-term bioaccumulation; metabolization and
microbial degradation are the principal fates
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.17-1
-------
o
pj
ft
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF PYRENE
a,b
Ui
\
-J
H
•
M
O
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refiningf
Petroleum refining^
Auto and other laundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Foundries
Coil coating
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
BDL
V30
NA
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
Maximum
- 19 d
0.9d
22,000
^40
16
11
NA
1,100
50
7,000
26,000
Mean
4 ,
0.9d
l,000e
%35
16
6
0.14
44
13
130
79
Q
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
0
3.8 x 10~6
0
0
0
5.4 x 10~6
0
0
0.00065
0
0
Maximum
0.11
0.026
46
^3.2
1.5
0.0084
NA
0.30
0.023
NA
NA
Mean
0.015
0.0016
0.086
^0.20
0.093
0.0013
0.00021
0.12
0.0062
6.9
14
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
One sample.
:*
"Median, not average.
Analytical method did not distinguish between pyrene and fluoranthene.
-------
o
0)
rt
(D
VI
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF PYRENE°
vD
Treated wastewater
Concentration, |jg/L
H
I-1
o
M
1
U)
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Auto and other laundries
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
a ... ...
Minimum
ND
NA
BDL
BDL
ND
12
NA
ND
Maximum
<3.3
0.3
9,400
7
0.3
3,200
1,100
180
Mean
<0.2
7d§
7d
0.15
290
43
11
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
8.4 x 10"7
0
0
1.0 x 10"7
0
0
0
Maximum
0.0053
0.0058
3.5
0.65
0.00021
1.9
NA
NA
Mean
0.00076
0.00036
0.0066
0.041
3.2 x 10~5
0.78
7.70
0.58
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Median, not average.
-------
Date: 12/5/79
M
O
1
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR PYRENE3'
Treatment process
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation with chemical addition
(polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(lime, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(lime)
Aerated lagoons
Activated sludge
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Reverse osmosis
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average
range, achievable range, achievable
% cone., pg/L % cone., pg/L
NA 37
od'e
oe
54-79 <18
70->87 <10
od'e
67d ld
16-78 2
>83->97 <0.01
od-e -e
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
III. 4.1
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 6
III. 4. 2
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 5. 3
III. 5.1
III. 6.1
III. 6. 9
See Volume III for detailed information.
bNA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL
CAverage and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
CActual data indicate negative removal.
- below detection limit.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume V, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PCB's and Related Compounds.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979.
pp. 115-1 - 115-12.
Date: 8/13/79 1.10.17-5
-------
-------
Compound: Aroclor 1016 Formula;
Alternate Names: None
A mixture of mono, di, and
trichloro isomers of the
polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCB's)
CAS #; Not assigned
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 257.9* m.p., °C: Not available b.p. (760 torr), °C: 325-356
vapor pressure (25°C) , torr: 4 x 10~** (estimated)
solubility in water (temp, unknown), mg/L: 0.34 (estimated)
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 3.48 (estimated)
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Aerobic degradation in semicontinuous activated sludge
process; 30% degradation of <1 mg/L concentration after
48 hours incubation
*Average.
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Not important
oxidation: Not important
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Slow volatilization is the cause of global distribution of
PCB's, but is inhibited by adsorption
sorption: PCB's are rapidly adsorbed onto solids especially organic matter,
and are often immobilized in sediments, but may reenter solution
biological processes: Strong bioaccumulation; mono-, di- and tri-chlorinated
biphenyls are gradually biodegraded
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79
I.11.1-1
-------
o
pj
ft
(D
01
\
VD
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF AROCLOR 10163'
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading , kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
H Petroleum refining 1.8 1.9 1.9d 0 0.18 0.011
Foundries8 ND 830 57 0 0.38 0.15
H Iron and steel manufacturing NA <10 <10 0 NA <1.8
•
M , —
|
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
f^
Analytical method did not distinguish between Aroclor 1016, 1232, 1248, and 1260.
-------
ft
(D
VI
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF AROCLOR 1016a/t>
Treated wastewater
Concentration, |Jg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry
Petroleum , refining
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
NA
<5
NA
Maximum
NA
480
<10
Mean
NA
64
<10
Minimum
NA
0
0
Maximum
NA
0.43
NA
Mean
NA
0.17
<1.8
I
00 a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Analytical method did not distinguish between Aroclor 1016, 1232, 1248, and 1260.
-------
G
QJ
ft
(D
tn
\
-j
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR AROCLOR 1016a'b
Treatment process
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone. , M9/L
Actual
Removal
range ,
NA
od'e
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , (Jg/L
1.3
e
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
III. 4.1
III. 4. 4
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
&
"Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Pate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume V, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PCB's and Related Compounds.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979.
pp. 36-1 - 36-17.
2. Tucker, E. S., V. W. Saeger, and O. Hicks. Activated Sludge Primary
Biodegradation of Polychlorinated Biphenyls. Monsanto Company,
St. Louis, Missouri, March 1975. 9 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.11.1-5
-------
-------
Compound; Aroclor 1221 Formula:
Alternate Names: None
A mixture of polychlori-
nated biphenyls which is
approximately 21% chlorine
by weight
CAS #; 111-042-82
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 200.7* m.p., °C: Not available b.p. (760 torr), °C: 275-320
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: 6.7 x 10~3 (estimated)
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 15 (estimated)
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 2.81 (estimated)
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Aerobic degradation in semicontinuous activated sludge
process; 80% degradation of <5 mg/L concentration after
48 hour incubation
*Average.
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Not important
oxidation: Not important
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Slow volatilization distributes PCB's globally, but is
inhibited by adsorption
sorption: PCB's are rapidly adsorbed onto solids, especially organic matter,
and are often immobilized in sediment, but may reenter solution
biological processes: Strong bioaccumulation; mono-, di-, and tri-chlorinated
biphenyls are gradually biodegraded
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79
1.11.2-1
-------
o
(II
(-1-
to
\
171
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF AROCLOR * '
Raw wastewater
Concentration, ug/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Petroleum refining 0.1 <5 <3d 0 0.28 0.017
Foundries6 ND 1,400 79 0 0.53 0.21
H Iron and steel manufacturing NA <10 <10 0 NA <1.8
M ,
(-•
K> Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
^ Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
d
Median, not average.
£
Analytical method did not distinguish between Aroclor 1221 and Aroclor 1254.
-------
Date: 12/5/7
vO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF AROCLOR
Concentration,
H
M
1
OJ
Industry Minimum
Petroleum refining NA
Foundries <5
Iron and steel manufacturing NA
Information contained in this table was obtained from
Maximum
<5d
650
<10
Volume II
( m
a b
1221a'°
Treated
pg/L
Mean
<5d
78
<10
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0
0
of the Treatability
(
Maximum
0.46
0.52
NA —
Manual.
Mean
0.029
0.21
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
One sample.
&
"Analytical method did not distinguish between Aroclor 1221 and Aroclor 1254.
-------
rt
n>
NJ
\
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR AROCLOR 1221
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., pg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal
range,
Average
achievable
cone., M9/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
NJ
I
Gravity oil separation
NA
0.1
III. 4.1
a
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-j
Only one data point.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume V, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PCB's and Related Compounds.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979.
pp. 36-1 - 36-17.
2. Tucker, E. S., V. W. Saeger, and O. Hicks. Activated Sludge Primary
Biodegradation of Polychlorinated Biphenyls. Monsanto Company,
St. Louis, Missouri, March 1975. 9 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.11.2-5
-------
-------
Compound; Aroclor 1232 Formula;
Alternate Names: None
A mixture of polychlori-
nated biphenyls which is
approximately 32% chlorine
by weight
CAS #; 111-411-65
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 232.2* m.p., °C: Not available b.p. (760 torr), °C: 290-325
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: 4.06 x 10~3 (estimated)
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 1.45 (estimated)
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 3.22 (estimated)
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
*Average.
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Not important
oxidation: Not important
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Slow volatilization distributes PCB's globally, but is
inhibited by adsorption
sorption: PCB's are rapidly adsorbed onto solids, especially organic matter,
and are often immobilized in sediment, but may reenter solution
biological processes: Strong bioaccumulation, mono-, di-, and tri-chlorinated
biphenyls are gradually biodegraded
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79
1.11.3-1
-------
rt
0>
to
\
U1
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF AROCLOR 1232
'
U)
I
M
Raw wastewater
Industry
Petroleum
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Foundries-^
Iron and steel manufacturing
Concentration, yg/L
Minimum Maximum Mean
0.5 0.9 0.7d
NA
-------
01
r+
U1
\
^J
^D
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF
AROCLOR
Concentration ,
M
M
\->
•
1
Industry Minimum
Petroleum refining NA
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills NA
Foundries <5
Iron and steel manufacturing NA
Maximum
NA
NA
480
12323'b
Treated
Mg/L
Mean
NA
NA
64
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
NA
NA
0
0
Maximum
NA
NA
0.43
NA
Mean
NA
NA
0.17
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; DDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Analytical method did not distinguish between Aroclor 1016, 1232, 1248, and 1260.
-------
o
Hi
rt
to
\
tn
I
^
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR AROCLOR 1232
* 'b
Treatment process
Gravity oil separation
Filtration
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone . , [jg/L
Actual
Removal
range ,
%
NA
16d
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone . , Jjg/L
0.63
480d
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
III. 4.1
III.4.-6
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume V, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PCB's and Related Compounds.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979.
pp. 36-1 - 36-17.
Date: 8/13/79 I.11.3 5
-------
-------
Compound; Aroclor 1242 Formula;
Alternate Names: None
CAS #: 534-692-19
A mixture of polychlori-
nated biphenyls which is
approximately 42% chlorine
by weight
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 266.5* m.p., °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: 4.06 x ICT4
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 0.24
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 3.54
b.p. (760 torr), °C: 325-366
(estimated)
Henry's law constant: 5.7 x ID"4 atmos. m3 mole
-1
biodegradability:
Aerobic degradation in semicontinuous activated sludge
process; 26% degradation of <1 mg/L concentration after
48 hour incubation
*Average.
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Inhibited by presence of oxygen, but possibly the only
degradative pathway for highly-chlorinated PCB's
oxidation: Not important
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Slow volatilization causes global dispersion of PCB's, but
is inhibited by adsorption
sorption: PCB's are rapidly adsorbed onto solids, especially organic matter,
and are often immobilized in sediment, but may reenter solution
biological processes: Strong bioaccumulation; mono-, di-, and tri-chlorinated
biphenyls are gradually biodegraded
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79
1.11.4-1
-------
D
0)
ft
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF AROCLOR 12423'
Concentration ,
Petroleum
Industry
refining
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Iron and
steel manufacturing
Minimum
NA
NA
NA
Maximum
0.5d
2d
<10
Raw
yg/L
Mean
0.5
2d
<10
wastewater
Loading
,° kg/d
Minimum Maximum Mean
d
0
0
046 0.0029
NA 0.060
NA <1 . 8
"^ Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
10 Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£«
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
d
One sample.
-------
Date
to
\
en
\
•j
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF AROCLOR 1242a'b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M9/L Loading,0 kg/d
Industry
Petroleum refining
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
NA
NA
NA
Maximum
NA
NA
<10
Mean
NA
NA
<10
Minimum
NA
NA
0
Maximum
NA
NA
NA
Mean
NA
NA
<1.8
U)
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
OJ
rf
0)
KJ
\
vD
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR AROCLOR 1242*'b
Treatment process
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation
Filtration
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., ug/L
Actual
Removal
range ,
0,
"o
NA
od'e
16d
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , pg/L
3.6
_e
480d
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
III. 4.1
III. 4. 4
III. 4. 6
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
r*
"Average and maximum removals reported.
3
Only one data point.
»
"Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume V, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PCB's and Related Compounds.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979.
pp. 36-1 - 36-17.
2. Tucker, E. S., V. W. Saeger, and O. Hicks. Activated Sludge Primary
Biodegradation of Polychlorinated Biphenyls. Monsanto Company,
St. Louis, Missouri, March 1975. 9 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.11.4-5
-------
-------
Compound; Aroclor 1248 Formula:
Alternate Names: None
A mixture of polychlori-
nated biphenyls which is
approximately 48% chlorine
by weight
CAS #; 126-722-96
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 299.5* m.p., °C: Not available b.p. (760 torr), °C: 340-375
vapor pressure (25°C) , torr: 4.94 x 10-**
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 0.054
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 3.80 (estimated)
Henry's law constant: 3.5 x 10~3 atmos. m3 mole"1
biodegradability: Not available
*Average.
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Inhibited by presence of oxygen, but possibly the only
degradative pathway for highly-chlorinated PCB's
oxidation: Not important
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Slow volatilization causes global dispersion of PCB's but is
inhibited by adsorption
sorption: PCB's are rapidly adsorbed onto solids, especially organic matter
and are often immobilized in sediment, but may reenter solution
biological processes: Strong bioaccumulation
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79
1.11.5-1
-------
o
ft)
rt
fD
I-1
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF AROCLOR 1248a'b
Raw wastewater
Concentration, ug/L
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills NA 18 18
Foundries6 ND 830 57
Iron and steel manufacturing NA <10 <10
Nonferrous metals manufacturing ND 32 0.7
Loading, kg/d
Minimum Maximum
0 NA
0 0.381
0 NA <
0 NA
Mean
0.54
0.15
0.037
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume
Manual .
b
II of the Treatability
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
d
One sample.
Analytical method did not distinguish between Aroclor 1016, 1232, 1248, and 1260.
-------
Date: 12/5/79
M
I-1
Ul
1
UJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF AROCLOR 1248
a,b
Treated wastewater
Industry
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Information contained in this table we
Concentration, p
Minimum Maximum
0 <1
<5 480
NA <10
ND 9.8
ts obtained from Volume II of
g/L Loading, kg/d
Mean Minimum
<1 0
64 0
<10 0
1.1 0
the Treatabilitv 1
Maximum
NA
0.43
NA
NA
lanual .
Mean
0.030
0.17
<1.8
0.06
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
n
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
One sample.
"Analytical method did not distinguish between Aroclor 1016, 1232, 1248, and 1260.
-------
o
ft)
ft
n>
en
I
•U
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR AROCLOR 1248
a,b
Treatment process
Filtration
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range , achievable
% cone . , pg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range , achievable
% cone., pg/L
16d 480d
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
III. 4. 6
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
««
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume V, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PCB's and Related Compounds.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979.
pp. 36-1 - 36-17.
Date: 8/13/79 1.11.5-5
-------
-------
Compound; Aroclor 1254 Formula:
Alternate Names: None
CAS #: 110-976-91
A mixture of polychlori-
nated biphenyls which is
approximately 54% chlorine
by weight
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 328.4* m.p., °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: 7.71 x 10~5
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 0.012
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 4.07
b.p. (760 torr), °C: 365-390
(estimated)
Henry's law constant: 2.8 x 10~3 atmos. m3 mole"1
biodegradability:
Aerobic degradation in semicontinuous activated sludge
process; 15% degradation of <1 mg/L concentrations after
48 hour incubation
*Average.
Probable Fate [2]
photolysis: Supressed by presence of oxygen, but possibly the only
degradative mechanism for highly-chlorinated PCB's
oxidation: Not important
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Slow volatilization distributes PCB's globally, but is
inhibited by adsorption
sorption: PCB's are rapidly adsorbed onto solids, especially organic matter,
and are often immobilized in sediment, but may reenter solution
biological processes: Strong bioaccumulation
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data [3]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
100
10
x
0.01)
0.0001
NOTE SCALE
Mill I I I I I I III I I I I I I II
0.001 0.01 0.1
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
Date: 8/13/79
1.11.6-1
-------
D
tu
ft
CD
to
Ul
^j a,b
S INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF AROCLOR 1254
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Foundries6
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
NA
-------
o
ft)
rt-
to
en
\
vO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF AROCLOR 1254a'b
Treated wastewater
M
M
M
•
O^
1
CO
Industry
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
a
Information contained in this table was
Concentration, ug/L
Loading, kg/d
Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum
<1 2 <1
<5 650 78
NA <10 <10
ND 7.0 0.8
obtained from Volume II of the Treat
0
0
0
0
ability
NA
0.52
NA
NA
/ Manual.
Mean
0.030
0.21
0.042
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
•»
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Analytical method did not distinguish between Aroclor 1221 and Aroclor 1254.
-------
D
01
ft
CD
NJ
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR AROCLOR 1254
a,b
3
Treatment process
Filtration
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range , achievable
% cone., |jg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range , achievable
% cone., pg/L
20d 650d
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
III. 4. 6
a
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume V, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PCB's and Related Compounds.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979.
pp. 36-1 - 36-17.
2. Tucker, E. S., V. W. Saeger, and O. Hicks. Activated Sludge Primary
Biodegradation of Polychlorinated Biphenyls. Monsanto Company,
St. Louis, Missouri, March 1975. 9 pp.
3. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.11.6-5
-------
-------
Compound; Aroclor 1260 Formula;
Alternate Names: None
A mixture of polychlori-
nated biphenyls which is
approximately 60% chlorine
by weight
CAS #: 110-968-25
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 375.7* m.p., °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: 4.05 x 10~5
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 0.0027
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 4.34
Henry's law constant: 7.1 x 10~3 atmos. m
biodegradability: Not available
b.p. (760 torr), °C: 385-420
(estimated)
3 mole"1
*Average.
Probable Fate [I]
photolysis: Inhibited by presence of oxygen, but possibly the only
degradative mechanism for highly-chlorinated PCB's
oxidation: Not important
hydrolysis: Not important
volatilization: Slow volatilization distributes PCB's globally, but is
inhibited by adsorption
sorption: PCB's are rapidly adsorbed onto solids, especially organic matter
and are often immobilized in sediment, but may reenter solution
biological processes: Strong bioaccumulation
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
1.000
3
-s>
1
te
g
i
100
10
NOTE SCALE
0.0001 0.001 0.01
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
0.1
Date: 8/13/79
1.11.7-1
-------
rt
n>
ro
en
\
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF AROCLOR 12609'
I
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Foundries ND 830 57 0 0.38 0.15
Iron and steel manufacturing NA <10 <10 0 NA <1.8
to a ~~~~~ ~~ ~~
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
n
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Analytical method did not distinguish between Aroclor 1016, 1232, 1248, and 1260.
-------
o
0)
ft
(D
\
in
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF AROCLOR 1260
a,b
Treated wastewater
Industry
Concentration, pg/L
Loading, kg/d
Minimum Maximum
Mean
Minimum Maximum
Mean
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
<5
NA
480
64
0
0
0.43
NA
0.17
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Analytical method did not distinguish between Aroclor 1016, 1232, 1248, and 1260.
-------
o
01
ft
n
Ul
\
«J
vO
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEfoATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR AROCLOR 1260
a,b
i
£>•
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
cone., pg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
%cone. , pg/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
Filtration
16d 480d
III. 4. 6
See Volume III for detailed information.
3NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
•t
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants,
Volume V, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PCB's and Related Compounds.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979.
pp. 36-1 - 36-17.
2. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
1.11.7-5
Date: 8/13/79
-------
-------
Compound; Methyl chloride Formula; H
C*l —f—'H
Alternate Names: Chloromethane, |
Monochloromethane H
CAS #; 74-87-3
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 50.59 m.p., °C: -97.7 b.p. (760 torr), °C: -24.2
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 3,760
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 6,450-7,250
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 0.91
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Information lacking, probably unimportant; appreciable photo-
dissociation may occur in stratosphere
oxidation: Information lacking, probably unimportant; in troposphere
oxidation by hydroxyl radicals for formyl chloride and other
products important fate
hydrolysis: Slow hydrolysis, unimportant in comparison to volatilization
volatilization: Volatilization to the atmosphere is rapid and is a major
transport process for removal of methyl chloride
sorption: No data available, sorption onto sediments and suspended particu-
lates probably unimportant
biological processes: Data lacking, biodegradation and bioaccumulation are
not expected to be important fates
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.1-1
-------
D
ft)
rt
(D
to
VO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF METHYL CHLORIDE
a ,b
I
K>
t
Raw wastewater
Q
Concentration, pg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Minimum
NA
BDL
ND
ND
Maximum
<5d
2,600
1,500
ND
Mean Minimum
<5d 2.1 x 10~5
77e 0
300 0
ND -d
Maximum Mean
0.14 0.0090
3.5 0.0066
2 0.28
_<3 _d
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
One sample.
a
"Median, not average.
-------
D
0>
ft
-------
rt
m
to
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR METHYL CHLORIDE
a.b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., pg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
cone., pg/L
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
Gas flotation with chemical addition
(polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Aerated lagoons
Reverse osmosis
Od'e -e
>87d <0.4d
59->99 64
>91d <5d
od'e
III
III
III
III
III
.4
.4
.4
.5
.6
.5
.6
.2
.3
.9
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
&
"Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
-------
-------
-------
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollu-
tants, Volume IV, Halogenated Aliphatics. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 38-1 - 38-9.
Date: 8/13/79
1.12.1-5
-------
-------
Compound; Methylene chloride
Formula:
Alternate Names:
CAS #: 74-09-2
Dichloromethane, Methylene
dichloride, Methane dichloride,
Methylene bichloride
Cl
I
Cl-C-H
I
H
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 84.94 m.p., °C: -95 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 39.8
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 362
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 13,200-20,000
log octanoI/water partition coefficient: 1.25
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Photochemical reactions in aqueous media are probably unimportant
slow photodecomposition in troposphere in the presence of nitro-
gen oxides is possible, appreciable photodissociation may occur
in stratosphere
oxidation: Information lacking, probably unimportant; in troposphere oxida-
tion by hydroxyl radicals to carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and
phosgene is important fate mechanism
hydrolysis: Not important fate process
volatilization: Due to high vapor pressure, volatilization to the atmosphere
is rapid and is a major transport process
sorption: Data lacking, sorption by inorganic and organic materials not
expected to be important fate mechanism
biological processes: Data lacking, bioaccumulation not expected, biodegrada-
tion may be possible
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
1,000
100
fe
•S
10
NOTE SCALE
10 100
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
1.000
Date: 8/13/79
1.12.2-1
-------
D
JU
r+
(D
Ul
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF METHYLENE CHLORIDE
a,b
to
•
N)
I
Raw wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Steam electric power generating
(water treatment)
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling)
Inorganic chemicals manufacturing
Coil coating
Foundries
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
BDL
>30
ND
190
NA
<1
ND
ND
2.5
65
NA
>140
NA
<10
ND
ND
NA
Maximum
82
110
20
>90
210,000
16,000
70
4
640
20,000
8
9,400
NA
>9,400
NA
<10
2,400
88,000
140
pg/L
Mean
14
47
NA
>45d
17,000
4,000
19
<1.9
64
2,600
5.3
2,300
1.2e
3,300
NA
<10
100
680
50
c
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0.00020
0
0
0
0.036
3.8 x 10~6
0
5.8 x 10~5
0
0
0.12
7.3 x 10~9
0.063
NA
<0.0005
0
0
0
Maximum
0.37
1.3
0.46
4.2
0.78
30
0.016
NA
0.09
17.7
NA
2.5
0.072
320
NA
<0.018
0.67
NA
NA
Mean
0.053
0.085
0.00086
0.26
0.027
6.6
0.00063
0.057
0.013
2.4
0.2
0.55
180
73
NA
<0.0048
0.27
36
9
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
n
'Average of medians reported for various industry segments.
One sample.
-------
u
f»
ft
to
UJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF METHYLENE CHLORIDE
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration,
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
BDL
50
ND
85
NA
<1
ND
ND
<5
ND
NA
Maximum
21
<5
23
>60
3,100
2,400
520
270
1,200
850,000
2,500
4,300
270
MQ/L
Mean
6
<5
BDL
>50e
5,600
1,000
170
<19
440
75,000
270
140
37
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
2.1.x 10"5
_d
0
0
0.0090
3.4 x 10"5
0
0.00040
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.16
0,14
_<3
4.6
0.26
7.6
0.15
NA
0.616
510
1.8
NA
NA
Mean
0.023
0,0090
d
0.29
0.0090
1.6
0.0056
0.57
0.092
69
0.73
7.4
6.7
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
^
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
Median, not average.
-------
o
OJ
rt
0)
to
\
tn
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR METHYLENE CHLORIDE3'b
K)
•
KJ
I
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Avetage
a range, achievable
Treatment process % cone. \iq/L
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation with chemical addition
(calcium chloride, polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition
(polymer)
Gas flotation with chemical addition
(alum, polymer) 1
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(alum, lime)
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(lime, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(alum, polymer)
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(alum)
Aerated lagoons
Steam stripping
Trickling filters
Ozonation
Activated sludge
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Reverse osmosis
Actual
Removal
range.
NA
2-7
61d
84d
14-62
38 88
13d
oe
oe
56-98
>78->99
65-97
75-87
od'e
oe
21-99
31-92
21-64
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone . , pg/L
>47
2,200
22d
8d
2,400
530
2,000d
e
.e
5,600
<40
390
160,000
e
e
95
140
5
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
III. 4.1
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 6
III. 4. 2
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 5. 3
III. 5. 5
III. 5. 2
III. 6. 14
III. 5.1
III. 6.1
III. 6. 9
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
Actual data indicate negative removal
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollu-
tants, Volume IV, Halogenated Aliphatics. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp 39-1 - 39-11.
2. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.2-5
-------
-------
Compound; Chloroform
Alternate Names; Trichloromethane
CAS #: 67-66-3
Formula; Cl
C1-C-C1
1
H
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 119.4
m.p.
"C: -63.5
b.p. (760 torr), °C: 61.7
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 150
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 8,200
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 1.97
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Little data available, probably unimportant; photodissociation
can occur in stratosphere
oxidation: Information lacking, probably unimportant in aqueous medium; in
troposphere oxidation by hydroxyl radicals to phosgene and chlo-
rine oxide is important fate mechanism
hydrolysis: Not important fate process
volatilization: Volatilization is a major transport process for removal of
chloroform from aqueous mediums
sorption: Data lacking, sorption by inorganic and organic materials not
expected to be important fate mechanism
biological processes: Data lacking; some bioaccumulation is indicated,
biodegradation may be possible
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
100 F
pH: 7.3
type of carbon:
adsorbability:
Not available
820 mg/L; carbon dose re-
quired to reduce pollutant
concentration from 10 mg/L
to 1 mg/L at neutral pH
10 -
*
W
X
0.1
NOTE SCALE
11 in
0.001 0.01 0.1
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
Date: 8/13/79
1.12.3-1
-------
D
til
ft
(D
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CHLOROFORM
a ,b
I-1
to
I
to
Raw wastewater
Concentration, jjg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products processing
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Petroleum refining
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(water treatment)
Inorganic chemicals manufacturing
Leather tanning and finishing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
BDL
ND
<10
NA
10
<1
ND
ND
1.1
NA
NA
ND
NA
ND
Maximum
<6.7
640
20
900
'1,400
270
15
17
35,000
1,600
4.6
NA
690f
41
1,400
1,800
Mean
<1
48d
NA
120
<680
27
13d
<6
780
300
2.9
14e
NA
15
64
61
Q
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0.00020
0
0
0.0061
5.4 x 10~6
0
0
0.0007
0
0
6.1 x 10~9
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.026
1.4
0.46
0.0055
5.1
0.023
1.2
NA
1.1
2
NA
0.84
43
NA
NA
NA
Mean
0.0038
0.086
0.00086
0.00019
1.1
0.00089
0.11
0.18
0.16
0.28
0.11
0.0021
8.6
0.023
3.4
11
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
'Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Median, not average.
^
'Average of medians reported for various industry segments.
Average of maximums reported for various industry segments.
-------
D
fb
(1-
0)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CHLOROFORM
a,b
Ol
\
-0
ui
I
U)
Treated wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Timber products processing
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Leather tanning and finishing
Minimum
ND
NA
NA
ND
10
NA
NA
<1
8
ND
7
NA
ND
ND
Maximum
<10
58
NA
4,700
1,400
NA
100
430
44
1,400
500
280
2,900
10
pg/L
Mean
<2.4
8.5
NA
390
670
NA
4.7
<46
18
150
85
31
98
5
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0.000036
NA
0
0.0060
NA
9.4 x 10 7
0
7.2 X 10 6
0
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.064
0.24
NA
0.018
5.1
NA
0.0040
NA
0.025
1.0
0.57
NA
NA
NA
Mean
0.0091
0.015
NA
0.00062
1.1
NA
0.00015
1.4
0.0038
0.14
0.23
5.6
5.2
0.0075
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR CHLOROFORM
a,b
0>
(->
K)
in
H
to
I
*>.
Synthetic wastewatei
Removal Average
range. achievable
Treatment process "„ cone , (jg/L
Gravity oil sepaiafion
Gas flotation
Gas flotation with
(calcium chloride
Gas flotation with
(polymer)
Gas flotation with
(alum, polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with
(alum, lime)
Sedimentation with
(lime, polymer)
Sedimentation with
(polymer)
Sedimentation with
(alum, polymer)
Sedimentation with
(alum)
Aerated lagoons
Steam stripping
Trickling filters
Activated sludge
Granular activated
Reverse osmosis
chemical addition
, polymer)
chemical addition
chemical addition
chemical addition
chemical addition
chemical addition
chemical addition
chemical addition
carbon adsorption
Actual
Removal
range
0,
0
NA
nt! e
31 '4
ri
41d
od'e
oe
16->81
od-e
26->78
od-e
27->94
Od,e
36->57
89 >99
od-e
63-^99
>67-^99
20-79
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , pg/L
58
e
•> 9
ft
24°
e
e
110
e
<9
140
340
13,000
e
<13
<11
16
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
III 4 1
III. 4 4
III. 4.3
III. 4 5
III 4.5
III. 4 6
ill. 4. 2
III. 4 J
III. 4. 3
III. 4 3
HI. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 5. 3
III. 5. 5
III. 5. 2
III. 5.1
III. 6.1
III. 6. 9
See Volume III for detailed information.
bNA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDI. - below detection limit.
""Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point
eActual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollu-
tants, Volume IV, Halogenated Aliphatics. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 40-1 - 40-11.
2. Dobbs, R. A., R. J. Middendorf, and J. M. Cohen. Carbon Adsorption
Isotherms for Toxic Organics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Cincinnati, Ohio, 1978.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.3-5
-------
-------
Compound: Carbon tetrachloride
Formula:
Alternate Names; Tetrachloromethane, Methane
tetrachloride, Perchloromethane,
Benzinoform
Cl
C1-C-C1
CAS #: 56-23-5
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 153.8 m.p., °C: -22.9 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 76.5
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 90
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 785
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 2.64
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: No information available pertaining to the rate of photolysis in
aqueous environment; in the stratsophere photodissociation occurs
to eventually form phosgene as the principal product
oxidation: No information available; in troposphere it exhibits an extremely
slow rate of reaction with hydroxyl radicals
hydrolysis: Data unavailable
volatilization: Volatilization is rapid and is an important transport process
for the removal of tetrachloromethane from aquatic systems
sorption: Little data available, but adsorption onto sediments rich in
organic material possible
biological processes: Little data available, some bioaccumulation and
biodegradation possible
other reactions/interactions: Unknown
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
100
pH: 7.3
type of carbon:
adsorbability:
Not available
225 mg/L; carbon dose re-
quired to reduce pollutant ^ ..
concentration from 10 mg/L 3
to 1 mg/L at neutral pH S1
8
Ti
f
0.1
NOTE SCALE
I I 1 I 1 t I I
0.001 0.01 0.1
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
Date: 8/13/79
1.12.4-1
-------
D
fa
ft
(D
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
a,b
to
I
NJ
Raw wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Coal mining
Paint and ink formulation
Rubber processing
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Inorganic chemicals manufacturing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
ND
NA
ND
ND
ND
NA
ND
NA
ND
Maximum
-
-------
rt
(D
to
\
en
NJ
I
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, jJg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Paint and ink formulation
Rubber processing
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
ND
NA
ND
<10
NA
ND
Maximum
<6.7
1,800
1,400
300
39
NA
1,700
Mean
<0.5
640
700
21
22
8
88
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0
0.00014
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.013
0.029
0.60
0.14
0.15
NA
NA
Mean
0.0019
0.0010
0.023
0.02
0.059
"1.4
0.13
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
G
0)
rt
n>
M
\ POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR CARBON TETRACHLORIDE* 'b
tn
^ j
^o Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
Treatment process % cone., M9/L
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation with chemical addition
(calcium chloride, polymer)
| i
. Gas flotation with chemical addition
{^ (alum, polymer)
.&. Filtration
i
** Sedimentation with chemical addition
(alum, lime)
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(alum, polymer)
Activated sludge
Actual
Removal
range ,
%
NA
50d
76d
>73-93
>17d
94d
od'e
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , u
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollu-
tants, Volume IV, Halogenated Aliphatics. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 41-1 - 41-9.
2. Dobbs, R. A., R. J. Middendorf, and J. M. Cohen. Carbon Adsorption
Isotherms for Toxic Organics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Cincinnati, Ohio, 1978.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.4-5
-------
-------
Compound; Chloroethane Foirmula; H H
H—C—C—C1
Alternate Names: Ethyl chloride, monochloro- J |
ethane, Hydrochloric ether, H H
Muriatic ether
CAS #; 75-00-3
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 64.52 m.p., °C: -136 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 12.3
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 1,000
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 5,740
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 1.54
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: No information available pertaining to rate of photodissociation
in aqueous environment; photodissociation to formyl chloride may
occur in stratosphere
oxidation: No data available
hydrolysis: Data unavailable, hydrolysis suggested as an important fate
process
volatilization: Some volatilization occurs, importance as a fate mechanism
unknown
sorption: No data available
biological processes: No data available, biodegradation and bioaccumulation
are not expected to be important fate
other reactions/interactions: Unknown
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.5-1
-------
o
P>
rt
tt>
vo
\
M
OJ
\
^J
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CHLOROETHANE3 '
Raw wastewater
Concentration, ug/L Loading, kg/d
Industry
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Minimum
BDL
NA
Maximum
520
4,900
Mean
170
4,900
Minimum
0.0015
0.00098
Maximum
1.3
4.2
Mean
0.38
0.16
w a
l Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the
Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
°Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by
industry wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not
available, one-half the reported maximum was utilized.
One sample.
-------
rt
(D
to
\
en
NJ
•
U1
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CHLOROETHANE3/b
Treated wastewater
Industry
Gum and wood chemicals
Rubber processing
Concentration, p
Minimum Maximum
NA NA
NA NA
g/L Loading, kg/d
Mean Minimum
NA NA
NA NA
Maximum
NA
NA
Mean
NA
NA
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
GPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
0>
ft
(D
X
tn
vD
I-1
K)
•
Ul
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR CHLOROETHANE
a,b
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
Treatment process % cone., \jq/L
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone. , (Jg/L
58->99 71,000
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
III. 6.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
3NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollu-
tants, Volume IV, Halogenated Aliphatics. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 42-1 - 42-9.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.5-5
-------
-------
Compound r 1,1-Dichloroethane Formula; Cl H
H—-C— C — H
Alternate Names; Ethylidene chloride, i J
Ethylidene dichloride Cl H
CAS #; 75-34-3
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 98.96 m.p., °C: -97.0 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 57.3
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: 234
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 5,500
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 1.79
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis; Information lacking; photodissociation to chloroacetyl chloride
in stratosphere is predicted
oxidation: Information lacking; indirect evidence from similar compounds
suggests little potential for oxidation in aquatic systems, in
troposphere 1,1-dichloroethane is probably oxidized at a slow
rate in a similar fashion to 1,2-dichloroethane
hydrolysis: No information available
volatilization: Due to high vapor pressure, volatilization to the atmosphere
should be major transport process
sorption; No data available
biological processes: Data lacking; bioaccumulation not expected, biodegrada-
tion may be possible
other reactions/interactions: Unknown
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.6-1
-------
o
0)
ft-
(D
tO
\
Ul
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 1,1-DICHLOROETHANE
a,b
to
NJ
Raw wastewater
Concentration, pg/L
Industry
Textile mills
Paint and ink formulation
Rubber processing
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Leather tanning and finishing
Foundries
Coil coating
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
NA
ND
NA
ND
ND
55d
ND
ND
NA
Maximum
14
' 33,
<2d
ND
NA
55d
18
180
NA
Mean
14
10.,
<2d
ND
<3d
55d
18
20
8
Q
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
5.9 x 10~5
0
4.0 x 10~7
_e
0
0
0.0009
0
0
Maximum
0.40
0.00046
0.0017
_e
NA
0.37
0.032
NA
NA
Mean
0.025
1.6 x 10~5
6.6 x 10~5
_e
<0.0045
0.14
0.0086
1.1
1.4
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
One sample.
a
"Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
-------
o
p
ft
N)
-J
vO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 1,1-DICHLOROETHANE
a,b
Treated
Concentration, (Jg/L
Industry
Paint and ink formulation
Textile mills
^ Rubber processing
M Pharmaceutical manufacturing
1° Iron and steel manufacturing
^ Nonferrous metals manufacturing
U)
Minimum
ND
NA
NA
ND
NA
ND
Maximum
180
NA
110
28
NA
7
Mean
95
NA
56
7
7
0.6
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
NA
1.1 x 10"5
0
0
0
Maximum
0 . 0044
NA
0.048
0.048
NA
NA
Mean
0.00015
NA
0.0018
0.0064
1.3
0.032
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
Date
N>
\
en
\
^j
kO
N)
•
od
>9->18
>89->99
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , pg/L
ld
e
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollu-
tants, Volume IV, Halogenated Aliphatics. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 43-1 - 43-9.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.6-5
-------
-------
Compound; 1,2-Dichloroethane Formula:
Alternate Names; Ethylene dichloride,
Glycol dichloride
Cl
— H
CAS #; 107-06-2
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 98.98 m.p., °C: -35.4 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 83.5
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 61
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 8,690
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 1.48
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Information not available; photodissociation in stratosphere to
chloroacetyl chloride is expected
oxidation: Information not available pertaining to oxidation in aqueous
environment; in troposphere oxidation by hydroxyl radicals to
chloroacetyl chloride is expected
hydrolysis: Hydrolysis is probably too slow to be an important process for
removal of 1,2-dichloroethane
volatilization: Due to high vapor pressure, volatilization to the atmosphere
is rapid and is major transport process
sorption: Information not available
biological processes: Information not available
other reactions/interactions: Unknown
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
1,000
100
I
10
_1_LJ
J-U
NOTE SCALE
| i i 111
10 100 1,000
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
10,000
Date: 8/13/79
1.12.7-1
-------
ft
(D
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 1,2-DICHLOROETHANE
a,b
to
\
en
Raw
Concentration, pg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Paint and ink formulation
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Steam electric power generating
(ash handling)
Inorganic chemical manufacturing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
NA
NA
ND
NA
NA
ND
ND
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
ND
Maximum
ND,
<5
420,
Q
93
NA
500
74
NA
NA
620g
170
NA
180
Mean
ND,
<5
100,
Q
93
NA
250
8.7
f
44
f
27
NA
83
<10
20
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
e
2.1 x 10-5
0
0.000018
NA
0.00023
0
0.0023
0.00051
0
0
0
0
Maximum
e
0.14
0.0046
0.080
NA
0.35
0.059
0.048
2.6
39
0.56
NA
NA
Mean
e
0.0090
0.00016
0.0031
NA
0.052
0.0074
0.011
0.59
7.8
0.24
<1.8
1.1
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
'Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
One sample.
=»
'Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
Average of medians reported for various industry segments.
Average of maximums reported for various industry segments.
-------
rt
CD
en
\
-j
<£>
H
I
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 1,2-DICHLOROETHANE
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, |jg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Paint and ink formulation
Textile mills
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
ND
NA
NA
NA
ND
<20
NA
ND
Maximum
<3.3
170
NA
4d
-------
D
P>
rt
n>
\ POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE
in
FOR 1,2-DICHLOROETHANE3'
_ j
<£> Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
Treatment process % cone., pg/L
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition
I"1 (alum, polymer)
i— •
N) Sedimentation with chemical addition
Lj (alum)
•^ Steam stripping
Solvent extraction
Powdered activated carbon adsorption
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Actual
Removal
range ,
od'e
>70d
30->60
od'e
97->99
87->99
81d
>86->99
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , pg/L
e
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollu-
tants, Volume IV, Halogenated Aliphatics. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 44-1 - 44-9.
2. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.7-5
-------
-------
Compound: 1,1,1-Trichloroethane Formula; Cl H
PI —• p p rr
Alternate Names; Methyl chloroform, | |
Chlorotene, Genklene, Cl H
Baltana
CAS #; 71-55-6
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 133.4 m.p., °C: -30.4 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 74.1
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 96.0
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 480-4,400
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 2.17
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Information lacking, does not appear to be a major aquatic fate;
photodissociation to chlorine atoms and chlorine oxides in
stratosphere is predicted
oxidation: Information lacking, probably not important aquatic fate; slow
photooxidation in troposphere to trichloroacetaldehyde and sub-
sequently trichloroacetic acid reported
hydrolysis: Slow hydrolysis to acetic and hydrochloric acids and vinylidene
chloride suggested
volatilization: Volatilization to the atmosphere is rapid and is a major
transport process
sorption: Information lacking, may be important fate mechanism
biological processes: Information lacking, some bioaccumulation and biodegra-
dation indicated
other reactions/interactions: Unknown
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.8-1
-------
o
D)
rt
(D
ro
VD
to
CO
I
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE
,a,b
Raw wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Timber products process
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals^
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Coil coating
Foundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
BDL
ND
BDL
NA
<1
ND
ND
0.63
13
ND
ND
ND
NA
ND
Max imum
<10
17
90
- 1,000
830
NA
414
6,600
130
0.63
26
1,300
16,000
NA
420
40
yg/L
Mean
<2.5
7.8
30e
350
280
NA
<106
520
10
0.63
15
12
1,400
1.4
44
3.6
Q
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
0
0.00033
0
0
0.0025
NA
0
0.00047
0
0
0.0008
0.0006
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.066
0.22
1.4
0.016
2.1
NA
NA
0.73
0.068
NA
0.017
0.022
9.4
NA
NA
NA
Mean
0.0094
0.014
0.0026
0.00056
0.46
NA
3.2
0.11
0.0092
0.023
0.0036
0.0022
3.8
0.0021
7.9
0.19
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
One sample.
s
'Average of medians reported for various industry segments.
-------
o
Q>
ft
X
VI
-j
vO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE
a,b
H
00
I
Treated wastewater
Concentration, Mg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Paint and ink formulation
Gum and wood chemicals
Timber products processing
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
ND
NA
NA
NA
<1
NDd
ND
ND
NA
Maximum
<10
5d
560
NA
7,100
NA
4,
NDd
360,000
10
50
Mean
<3 1
5
89
NA
7,100
NA
<2
ND
25,800
1.5
10
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
2.1 x 10 5
0
NA
0.0014
NA
0
e
0
0
0
Maximum
0.082
0.14
0.0041
NA
6.1
NA
NA
e
180
NA
NA
Mean
0.012
0.00090
0.00014
NA
0.23
NA
0.060
e
24
0.08
1.8
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
One sample.
a
"Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
-------
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE
a,b
ft
(D
cn
\
-j
M
M
00
Treatment
a
process
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation with
(calcium chloride
Gas flotation with
(polymer)
Gas flotation with
(alum, polymer)
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with
(lime, polymer)
Sedimentation with
(alum, polymer)
Aerated lagoons
Steam stripping
Activated sludge
Granular activated
chemical addition
, polymer)
chemical addition
chemical addition
chemical addition
chemical addition
carbon adsorption
Synthetic wastewater Actual
Removal Average Removal
range , achievable range ,
% cone., ug/L %
NA
22d
>4->9
74d
67-94
30->57
od'e
46-93
96d
9d
74->99
>99d
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone., ug/L
50d
14d
<6
860d
710
<19
_e
69
22d
42,000d
<2.4
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollu-
tants, Volume IV, Halogenated Aliphatics. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 45-1 - 45-12.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.8-5
-------
-------
Compound; 1,1,2-Trichloroethane Formula; Cl Cl
Cl C— C H
Alternate Names; Vinyl trichloride | |
H H
CAS #; 79-00-5
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 133.4 m.p., °C: -36.5 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 134
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 19
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 4,500
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 2.17
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: No data available pertaining to rate of photolysis in aquatic
environment; photodissociation in stratosphere expected to be
important fate
oxidation: Oxidation in aquatic systems not expected to be important fate;
in troposphere slow reaction with hydroxyl radicals
hydrolysis: By analogy with 1,1,1-trichloroethane, a structural isomer, slow
hydrolysis in aqueous mediums is suggested
volatilization: Some volatilization occurs, importance as a fate mechanism
unknown
sorption: Information lacking, may be important fate mechanism
biological processes: Information unavailable
other reactions/interactions: Information unavailable
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.9-1
-------
D
PJ
rt
0>
ro
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 1,1,2-TRICHLOROETHANE
a,b
I
NJ
Raw wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Coal mining
Paint and ink formulation
Rubber processing
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Leather tanning and finishing
Foundries
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
NA
ND
NA
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Maximum
ND
2,800
-------
G
CD
rt
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to
\
tn
\
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U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 1,1,2-TRICHLOROETHANE
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, ^jg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Paint and ink formulation
Rubber processing
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
ND
NA
ND
ND
Maximum
<3.3
2,100
<1
890
8.5
Mean
<0.2
93
<0.55
64
1.7
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0
1.1 x 10"7
0
0
Maximum
0.0053
0.0043
0.00047
0.43
NA
Mean
0.00076
0.00015
1.8 X 10 5
0.06
0.09
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
'Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
n»
rt
to
\
cn
\
to
•
vo
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 1,1,2-TRICHLOROETHANE
a,b
a
Treatment process
Filtration
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(alum, polymer)
Steam stripping
Solvent extraction
Activated sludge
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Synthetic wastewater Actual
Removal Average Removal
range, achievable range.
% cone. , pg/L %
od-e
od'e
>99
90-95
>9d
>99d
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , ug/L
e
e
<48
16,000
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollu-
tants, Volume IV, Halogenated Aliphatics. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 46-1 - 46-9.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.9-5
-------
-------
Cl Cl
H—C—C—H
Compound: 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane Formula;
Alternate Names: sym-Tetrachloroethane,
Acetylene tetrachloride
CAS #: 79-34-5
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 167.8 m.p., °C: -36 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 146
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 5
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 2,900
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 2.56
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Information not available pertaining to the rate of photolysis
in aquatic environment; photodissociation in stratosphere is
expected
oxidation: Information not available
hydrolysis: Data lacking, slow hydrolysis expected
volatilization: Some volatilization occurs, importance as a fate mechanism
unknown
sorption: Information not available
biological processes: Information not available
other reactions/interactions: Unknown
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
l.OOO
100
.- 10
NOTE SCALE
i i I i i ti
1 10 100
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/l
1,000
Date: 8/13/79
1.12.10-1
-------
o
CD
ft
(D
N)
\
Ul
O
I
NJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 1,1,2,2-TETRACHLOROETHANE
,a,b
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Rubber processing
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
NA
NA
ND
ND
ND
ND
"Maximum
ND.,
1.5d
10
NA
NA
35
Mean
ND^
1.5d
2
18
5.4
2.8
Q
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
BDL
3 x ICT7
0
0
0
0
Maximum
BDL
0.0013
0.014
0.12
NA
NA
Mean
BDL
4.9 x 10~5
0.0018
0.049
0.0081
0.15
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
3
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
~» ,
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, 1/2 the
reported maximum was utilized.
One sample.
-------
D
ft)
ff
to
\
ui
«o
vO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 1,1,2,2-TETRACHLOROETHANE
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M9/L
Industry
Coal mining
H Rubber processing
H Auto and other laundries
J° Pharmaceutical manufacturing
*-• Foundries
i Iron and steel manufacturing
00 Leather tanning and finishing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
0.7
ND
18
NA
ND
ND
Maximum
<3.3
4
9
ND
<20
ND
190
Mean
<0.2
1.7
5
ND
19
ND
10
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
3.4 x 10"7
4.5 x 10 6
0
0,
a
0
Maximum
0.0053
0.0015
0,007
0.13
NA,
d
NA
Mean
0.00076
5.6 x 10 5
0,0010
0.051
-d
0.53
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
-------
Date: 12/5/79
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 1 , 1 , 2 , 2-TETRACHLOROETHANE3 'b
Synthetic
wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average
range, achievable range, C achievable
Treatment process % cone., pq/L % cone.. uq/L
M
tsj
0
1
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(alum, lime)
Steam stripping
Solvent extraction
Activated sludge
od'e
od'e -e
30d 35d
40->99 32,000
91-99 4,200
>22->44 <9
Volume III
references ,
Section numbers
III
III
III
III
III
III
.4
.4
.4
.5
.5
.5
.6
.2
.3
.5
.6
.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
3>
"Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollu-
tants, Volume IV, Halogenated Aliphatics. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 47-1 - 47-9.
3. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.10-5
-------
-------
Compound; Hexachloroethane Formula: Cl Cl
QJ C C - £-]_
Alternate Names; Perchloroethane, i •
Carbon hexachloride Cl Cl
CAS #; 67-72-1
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 236.7 m.p., °C: 187 (sublimes) b.p. (777 torr), °C: 186
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 0.4
solubility in water (22°C), mg/L: 50
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 3.34
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: No data available
oxidation: No data available
hydrolysis: No data available
volatilization: Some volatilization occurs, importance as a fate mechanism
unknown
sorption: No data available
biological processes: No data available
other reactions/interactions: Unknown
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.11-1
-------
rt
(D
to
\
ui
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF HEXACHLOROETHANE3'
. . — _
', Raw wastewater
Concentration, pg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Inorganic chemicals manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
NA
NA
ND
Maximum
ND
90d
23
Mean
ND
NA
1.5
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
BDL
0
0
Maximum
BDL
5.6
NA
Mean
BDL
1.1
0.080
tO
•
H
M
I a
to Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available,
one-half the reported maximum was utilized.
Average of maximums reported for various industry segments.
-------
ri-
ft
NJ
\
U1
\
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF HEXACHLOROETHANEa'b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, Mg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
H ' ~ ' ~~"
•
i-1 Coal mining ND <6.7 <0.4 0 0.011 0.0015
•
M ^^^^^^^^^III^^^I^I^^
Ma
I Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
0
ft)
I-1
ro
VD
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR HEXACHLOROETHANE3'b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone. , pg/L % cone., M9/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollu-
tants, Volume IV, Halogenated Aliphatics. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 48-1 - 48-8.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.11-5
-------
-------
Compound: Vinyl chloride Formula; Cl H
X
Alternate Names: Chloroethene, Monochloro- H H
ethylene, Monovinylchloride,
MVC, Chloroethylene
CAS #; 75-01-4
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 62.50 m.p., °C: -154 b.p. (760 torr), °C: -13.4
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: 2,660
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 1.1
log octanoI/water partition coefficient: 0.60
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Light-induced transformations of vinyl chloride can occur through
indirect photolysis in water containing photosensitizers, direct
photolysis insignificant
oxidation: Experiments indicate that vinyl chloride is decomposed in water by
reactive radicals, when present in sufficient concentration; in
the troposphere rapid oxidation by hydroxyl radicals occurs yield-
ing as end-products hydrogen chloride and carbon monoxide
hydrolysis: Due to rapid volatilization, hydrolysis should not be a signifi-
cant aquatic fate
volatilization: Volatilization to the atmosphere is rapid and is a major
transport process
sorption: Sorption by inorganic and organic materials not expected to be
important fate mechanism
biological processes: Biodegradation and bioaccumulation are not believed to
be important fate processes
other reactions/interactions: Vinyl chloride could be converted to more highly
chlorinated compounds in aqueous environment
where high concentrations of chlorine/chloride
exist
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.12-1
-------
D
0)
ft
u»
-j
VD
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF VINYL CHLORIDE3'b
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading,° kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
H Textile mills NA 11 11 0.000046 0.32 0.020
•
M
[_, Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of
*^ the Treatability Manual.
to b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concen-
tration by industry wastewater discharges as reported in Section
1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum was
utilized.
d
One sample.
-------
D
0)
ft
(D
to
\
en
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF VINYL CHLORIDE3
Treated wastewater
Concentration, ng/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
H
H- Textile mills NA NA NA NA NA NA
* l-l-l-L- - ________ —
M —
I Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
(jj "L
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
0
tu
rt
cn
\
»j
vO
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR VINYL CHLORIDE
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
%cone . ,
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., pg/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
Granular activated carbon adsorption
III.6.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
3NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
5Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollu-
tants, Volume IV, Halogenated Aliphatics. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 49-1 - 49-10.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.12-5
-------
-------
Compound: 1,2-Dichloropropane Formula; H Cl H
Cl— C—C—C — H
Alternate Names; Propylene chloride, | | |
Propylene dichloride H H H
CAS #; 78-87-5
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 113.0 m.p., °C: -100 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 96.8
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 42
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 2,700
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 2.28
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: No data available
oxidation: No data available
hydrolysis: Information lacking, may be an important aquatic fate
volatilization: Some volatilization occurs, importance as a fate mechanism
unknown
sorption: Importance unknown, may be important fate mechanism
biological processes: Importance unknown, this compound can be used as a
carbon source by several soil bacteria
other reactions/interactions: Unknown
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.13-1
-------
D
rt
(D
••
vo
\
M
U>
\
VO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 1,2-DICHLOROPROPANEa'b
Raw wastewater
^ Concentration, yg/L Loading, kg/d
H Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
* r\ r\
£ Textile mills NA 100 100 0.00042 2.9 0.18
V Paint and ink formulation ND 970 180 0 0.0083 0.00029
NJ
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the
Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
°Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by
industry wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not
available, one-half the reported maximum was utilized.
One sample.
-------
D
0)
ft
tn
\
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 1,2-DICHLOROPROPANE
a.b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L
Industry
Loading, kg/d
Minimum Maximum
Mean
Minimum Maximum
Mean
Paint and ink formulation
Textile mills
ND 400 210 0 0.0097 0.00034
NA NA NA NA NA NA
to
I
oo
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
ft
(D
to
\
tn
U)
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 1,2-DICHLOROPROPANE
a,b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average
range, achievable range, achievable
Treatment process % cone., (jg/L % cone., \jg/L
Filtration
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(alum, lime)
Activated sludge
Powdered activated carbon adsorption
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Od'e
59d 400d
>68->82 <5.4
93d 70,000d
>64->99 5.4
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
III
III
III
III
III
.4
.4
.5
.6
.6
.6
.3
.1
.2
.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
a
"Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollu-
tants, Volume IV, Halogenated Aliphatics. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 54-1 - 54-5.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.13-5
-------
-------
Compound; 1,3-Dichloropropene Formula; cl H Cl H
i-1 u r* m
X^v X XV X
Alternate Names: 1,3-Dichloropropylene H O»C H C=C
HX \1 HX \
CAS #: 542-75-6 -
ftrans; fctsj
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 110.98 m.p., °C: Not available b.p. (760 torr), °C: 104 (cis
isomer); 112 (trans isomer)
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 25
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 2,700 (cis isomer); 2,800 (trans isomer)
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 1.98
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: No data available; direct photolysis of this compound in water
expected to be slow
oxidation: No data available
hydrolysis: Slow hydrolysis to 3-chloroallyl alcohol occurs
volatilization: Volatilization to the atmosphere should be a major transport
process
sorption: Information not available
biological processes: Biodegradation of this compound is possible; amount of
bioaccumulation unknown
other reactions/interactions: Unknown
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.14-1
-------
o
fu
rt
(D
to
\
Ul
-J
vo
H
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 1,S-DICHLOROPROPENE3'
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
Maximum
ND
NA
Mean
ND
<10
Loading, kg/d
Minimum Maximum
d d
0 NA
Mean
d
<1.8
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual .
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available,
one-half the reported maximum was utilized.
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
-------
Ul
\
«0
VD
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE
a,b
Treated wastewater
Industry
Concentration, \jq/L
Loading, kg/d
Minimum Maximum
Mean
Minimum Maximum
Mean
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
ND
ND
ND
I
OJ
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
-------
o
01
ft
(D
fO
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
%cone. ,
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
c , . Zi
range, achievable
% cone., pg/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
Activated sludge
,d,e
III.5.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
3NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
"Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollu-
tants, Volume IV, Halogenated Aliphatics. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 55-1 - 55-6.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.14-5
-------
-------
Compound ; Hexachlorobutadiene
Alternate Names ; HCBD, Hexachloro-
1, 3-butadiene
Formula;
Cl Cl Cl
c=c-c=c
Cl Cl Cl
CAS #; 87-68-3
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 260.8 m.p. , °C: -21
vapor pressure (20°C) , torr: 0.15
solubility in water (20°C) , mg/L: 2
log octanol/water partition coefficient:
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
b.p. (760 torr), °C: 215
3.74
photolysis: Absorption of sunlight too weak to make photolysis important
oxidation: Lack of information probably indicates unimportance
hydrolysis: Lack of information probably indicates unimportance
volatilization: Low vapor pressure precludes volatilization as an important
transport process
sorption: Adsorbed by organic materials very strongly
biological processes: Bioaccumulation occurs in some aquatic organisms;
no information on biodegradation
other reactions/interactions: Unknown
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
l.OOOp
pH: 7.3
type of carbon:
adsorbability:
Not available
25 mg/L carbon dose re-
quired to reduce pollutant
concentration from 10 mg/L
to 1 mg/L at neutral pH
100
•8
10
,1
NOTE SCALE.
I I ! I I I
0.001 0.01 0.1
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
Date: 8/13/79
1.12.15-1
-------
o
01
ft
rt>
VD
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF HEXACHLOROBUTADIENE3'
Ui
I
NJ
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading,
Minimum
kg/d
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
°Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
&i
rt
(D
to
\
cn
K>
Ul
I
oo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF HEXACHLOROBUTADIENE3'b
Industry
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L Loading^0 kg/d
Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
01
ft
(D
l/l
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR HEXACHLOROBUTADIENE3 /b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process _ % _ cone. , jJg/L _ % _ cone., ug/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
c
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollu-
tants, Volume IV, Halogenated Aliphatics. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 56-1 - 56-6.
2. Dobbs, R. A., R. J. Middendorf, and J. M. Cohen. Carbon Adsorption
Isotherms for Toxic Organics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Cincinnati, Ohio, 1978.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.15-5
-------
-------
Compound; Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
Alternate Names: HCCPD, Perchlorocyclo-
pentadiene
CAS #: 77-47-4
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 272.8 m.p., °C: -9.9 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 239
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: 0.081
solubility in water (temp, unknown), mg/L: 0.805
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: No data, but dimerization and addition of HCCPD to aromatic
groups of humus could be photolytically catalyzed
oxidation: Lack of data probably indicates unimportance
hydrolysis: Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis to tetrachlorocyclopentadienone
could occur only if HCCPD is adsorbed onto clay surface
volatilization: Extremely low vapor pressure precludes volatilization
sorption: Based on data for hexachlorobutadiene, adsorption onto organic
matter may be important
biological processes: Bioaccumulated in many organisms/Weak biodegradation
to tetrachlorocyclopentadienone hydrate
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
1,000
I 100
5
10
NOTE SCALE
0.001 0.01 0.1 1
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
Date: 8/13/79
1.12.16-1
-------
a
0
rt
fl>
• •
VD
\
M
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF HEXACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE3'
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry
Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum
Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
ft
0>
M
N>
Ul
\
•X)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF HEXACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE3/b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, |Jg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
H Foundries NA <20d <20d 0 0.13 0.054
•
M
* 3
M Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
CTi ,
^ NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
One sample.
-------
D
(u
en
X
vD
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR HEXACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE3'
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone. , Mg/L % cone., pg/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollu-
tants, Volume IV, Halogenated Aliphatics. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 57-1 - 57-5.
2. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
1.12.16-5
Date: 8/13/79
-------
-------
Compound; Methyl bromide Formula; H
H-C-Br
Alternate Names; Bromomethane, Terabol, H
Monobromomethane,
Embafume
CAS #; 74-83-9
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 94.94 m.p. , °C: -93.6 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 4.6
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 1,420
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 900
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 1.1
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Volatilized methyl bromide should photodissociation
above the ozone layer
oxidation: Atmospheric photooxidation by hydroxyl radicals releases
inorganic bromide which is carried down by rain
hydrolysis: Unvolatilized methyl bromide should undergo hydrolysis with
a half-life of less than 20 days
volatilization: Rapid volatilization is the dominant transport process
sorption: Too slow to compete with volatilization
biological processes: Not expected to be important/very little data
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.17-1
-------
ft
(D
NJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF METHYL BROMIDE3'
Raw wastewater
Concentration, pg/L Loading, kg/d
M Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
ixj Pharmaceutical manufacturing ND 15 3 0 0.02 0.0028
•
to Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available,
one-half the reported maximum was utilized.
-------
ft
CD
cn
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF METHYL BROMIDE
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L
Loading, kg/d
Industry
Minimum Maximum
Mean
Minimum Maximum
Mean
H
•
I-1
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
ND
ND
ND
I
U)
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
rlean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
-------
G
tu
rt
(D
\
-j
vD
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR METHYL BROMIDE
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone. , ug/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone . , |Jg/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
tvj
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
£
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollu-
tants, Volume IV, Halogenated Aliphatics. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 58-1 - 58-7.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.17-5
-------
-------
Compound: Dichlorobromomethane Formula; Br
C1-C-C1
Alternate Names: Bromodichloromethane H
CAS #: 75-27-4
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1] '
/
mol. wt.: 163.8 m.p. , °C: -57.1 b.p. (760 tdrr), °C: 90
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 50
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Not available
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 1.88
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: No information
oxidation: No information, but probably not important
hydrolysis: Too slow to be important
volatilization: Volatilization has been demonstrated, but the rate is
unknown
sorption: No information, but adsorption onto activated carbon has been
demonstrated
biological processes: Moderate potential for bioaccumulation/Metaboliza-
tion by some aquatic species is known to occur
other reactions/interactions: Dichlorobromomethane may be formed by a
haloform reaction following chlorination
of drinking water if sufficient bromide
is present
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.18-1
-------
0
0)
rt
(D
U1
vo
H
to
00
I
NJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DICHLOROBROMOMETHANE
a ,b
Raw
Concentration, pg/L
Industry
Textile mills
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Inorganic chemicals manufacturing
Leather tanning and finishing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
NA
NA
ND
NA
ND
NA
0.02
NA
ND
NA
Maximum
e/
nod
'27d
6d
33
NA
O.C2
310f
NA
NA
Mean
Vd
iiod
27d
6d
10
NA
0.02
NA
<3
NA
wastewater
Q
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
2.8 x 10~5
0
0
0
9.0 x ID"5
NA
0
0
0
NA
Maximum
0.19
10
0.0012
NA
0.014
NA
NA
19
NA
NA
Mean
0.012
0.64
4.3 x 10~5
0.18
0.0021
NA
740
3.9
0.0045
NA
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
•-i
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported
maximum was utilized.
One sample.
D
"Detected in only one sample.
Average of maximums reported for various industry segments.
-------
Date: 12/5/79
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DI CHLOROBROMOMETHANE3 'b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L
H
H
•
M
CO
1
U)
Industry
Paint and ink formulation
Textile mills
Petroleum refining
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Foundries
Minimum
NA
NA
NA
0
ND
ND
NA
NA
Maximum
ND
NA
NA
1.0
18
NA
236
Mean
ND
NA
NA
0.5
3
'w6
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
_d
NA
NA
0
0.45
0
0
0
Maximum
_d
NA
NA
NA
0.0007
NA
NA
0.15
Mean
_d
NA
NA
0.030
0.00011
0.16
0.062
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
One sample.
-------
ft
(D
N)
\
cn
\
-J
vD
00
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR DICHLOROBROHOMETHANE
a,b
Synthetic wastewater
Treatment process
Removal
c
range ,
0,
"0
Gas flotation with chemical addition
(alum, polymer)
Activated
sludge
Average
achievable
cone . , pg/L
Actual
Removal
c
range ,
0,
"0
>85d
oe
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone . , (Jg/L
<0.9d
e
Volume III
references ,
Section numbers
III. 4. 5
III. 5.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
3
"Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollu-
tants, Volume IV, Halogenated Aliphatics. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 59-1 - 59-6.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.18-5
-------
-------
Compound: Chlorodibromomethane Formula: Br
Br-C-Cl
Alternate Names; Dibromochloromethane H
CAS #; 124-48-1
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 208.3 m.p., °C: <-20 b.p. (748 torr), °C: 119-120
vapor pressure (10.5°C), torr: 15
solubility in water,(temp, unknown), mg/L: Not available
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 2.09
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: No information
oxidation: No information, but probably not important
hydrolysis: Too slow to be important
volatilization: Volatilization has been demonstrated, but the rate is
unknown
sorption: No information, but adsorption onto activated carbon has been
demonstrated
biological processes: Moderate potential for bioaccumulation/biodegradation
occurs in some organisms
other reactions/interactions: May be formed by haloform reaction after
chlorination of water if sufficient bromide
is present
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.19-1
-------
D
D)
sr
NJ
VD
I
ro
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CHLORODIBROMOMETHANE
a,b
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Paint and ink formulation
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
Auto and other laundries
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
NA
ND
NA
ND
Maximum
43
NA
NA
12
NA
81
Mean
43
NA
iioe
6
59
5.4
Q
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
0
NA
0
5.4 x 1CT6
0.0031
0
Maximum
0.0020
NA
10
0.0084
0.065
NA
Mean
6.9 x ID"5
NA
0.93
0.0013
0.014
0.29
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume xl of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Detected in only one sample.
s
"Median, not average.
-------
D
ft)
rt
tt>
• *
M
N)
\
VI
\
*J
^ INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CHLORODIBROMOMETHANEa'b
Concentration ,
Industry
Timber products processing
Petroleum refining
H Paint and ink formulation
M Auto and other laundries
^* Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
BDL
NA
NA
ND6
ND
Maximum
30
NA
ND
ND6
2,800
Treated wastewater
|jg/L Loading, kg/d
Mean Minimum Maximum
BDL
NA NA , NA
ND -° -5
p d d
ND
252 0 NA
Mean
d
NA,
~d
13
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
cPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
One sample.
-------
(V
ft
en
vj
vo
ro
vo
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR CHLORODIBROMOMETHANE3fb
Treatment process
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range , achievable
% cone., pg/L
Actual
Removal
c
range ,
0,
'o
>77d
>50d
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone . , pg/L
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollu-
tants, Volume IV, Halogenated Aliphatics. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 60-1 - 60-7.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.19 5
-------
-------
Formula:
Br
Br-i-Br
H
Compound: Bromoform
Alternate Names; Tribromomethane,
Methenyl tribromide
CAS #: 75-25-2
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 252.8 m.p., °C: 8.3 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 150
vapor pressure (34°C), torr: 10
solubility in water, mg/L: 3,010 at 15°C; 3,190 at 30°C
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 2.30
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: No information
oxidation: Atmospheric photooxidation by hydroxyl radicals to COBr2 is
relatively rapid
hydrolysis: Too slow to be important
volatilization: Volatilization has been demonstrated, but the rate is
unknown
sorption: No information
biological processes: Slight potential for bioaccumulation/Metabolization
is known to occur in some organisms
other reactions/interactions: Possibly produced by haloform reaction
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
1,000
pH: 7.3
type of carbon: Not available
adsorbability: 45 mg/L; carbon dose re-
quired to reduce pollutant & 100
concentration from 10 mg/L ^
to 1 mg/L at neutral pH s
I"
10
NOTE SCALE
i ....I • • • I 1—i i 111
0.001
0.01 0.1 1
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
Date: 8/13/79
1.12.20-1
-------
G
0)
rt
(D
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BROMOPORM
a,b
K)
o
I
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
NA
ND
13
ND
Maximum
d
14
ND
580
65
Mean
d
14
ND
210
6.8
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
e
0.011
0
Maximum
NA
e
0.23
NA
Mean
0.42
e
0.05
0.36
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
'Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
One sample.
^
'Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
-------
Date: 12/5/79
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE
OF BROMOFORMa/b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M9/L
H
to
to
o
1
Industry
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Leather tanning and finishing
a
Information contained in this table was
Minimum
NA
ND
ND
ND
obtained from
Maximum
3d
ND
44
<10
Volume II of
Mean
<3d
ND
2.1
<5
the Tre;
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
e
0
0
stability
Maximum
NA
e
NA
NA
Manual.
Mean
0.090
e
0.11
<0.0075
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
One sample.
a
"Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
-------
rt
(D
K)
\
Ol
\
-J
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR BROMOFORM
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., pg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., ug/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
to
o
I
Activated sludge
0 '
III.5.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
a
"Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollu-
tants, Volume IV, Halogenated Aliphatics. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 61-1 - 61-7.
2. Dobbs, R. A., R. J. Middendorf, and J. M. Cohen. Carbon Adsorption
Isotherms for Toxic Organics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Cincinnati, Ohio, 1978.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.20-5
-------
-------
Compound: Dichlorodifluoromethane Formula; Cl
c F-C-C1
Alternate Names: Fluorocarbon-12, F
Freon-12
CAS #; 75-71-8
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 129.9 m.p., °C: -158 b.p. (760 torr), °C: -29.8
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 4,310
solubility in water (25°C) , mg/L: 280
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 2.16
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Volatilized dichlorodifluoromethane is photodissociated to
CFzO and Cla in the stratosphere
oxidation: No information; probably unimportant
hydrolysis: Not important under environmental conditions
volatilization: Very rapid volatilization removes most of the compound
from water
sorption: Some potential for adsorption exists, but is greatly inhibited
by volatilization
biological processes: Potential for bioaccumulation and transformation
is offset by volatilization
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.21-1
-------
rt
0>
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DICHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE*'
N)
•
to
M
I
Raw wastewater
Concentration, JJg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry
Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
rt
(D
to
X
yi
to
I
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DICHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE3'**
Treated wastewater
Concentration,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
MQ/L
Mean
f*
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
01
rt
(D
N)
\
l/l
NJ
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR DICHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE3'b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone. , Mg/L % cone., M9/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
(•
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollu-
tants, Volume IV, Halogenated Aliphatics. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 62-1 - 62-8.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.21-5
-------
-------
Compound: Trichlorofluoromethane Formula; Cl
C1-C-C1
Alternate Names; Fluorocarbon-11, Freon-11 F
CAS #; 75-69-4
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 137.4 m.p., °C: -111 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 23.8
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 667
solubility in water (temp, unknown), mg/L: 1,100
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 2.53
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Volatilized trichlorofluoromethane is eventually photodis-
sociated to CFC10 and CIz in the stratosphere
oxidation: No information; not expected to be important
hydrolysis: Not important under environmental conditions
volatilization: Rapid volatilization is the major transport process
sorption: Potential for adsorption is greatly hindered by volatilization
biological processes: Rapid volatilization precludes bioaccumulation
or degradation
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.22-1
-------
o
(D
rt
(D
VO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF TRICHLOROFLUOROMETHANE
a,b
I-1
K)
I
NJ
Raw wastewater
Concentration, pg/L
Industry
Textile mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
NA
ND
ND
ND
Maximum
2,100
120
ND
100
Mean
<5
120
ND
12
Q
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
2.1 x 10~5
0.00011
0
0
Maximum
0.14
0.17
NA
NA
Mean
0.0090
0.025
_e
0.64
b.
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
-i
'Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
-------
Date: 12/5/79
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF TRICHLOROFLUOROMETHANE3
,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L
H
N)
to
KJ
1
OJ
Textile mills
Auto and other
Pharmaceutical
Industry
laundries
manufacturing
Minimum
NA
5
ND
Maximum
NA
150
80
Mean
NA
78
5.7
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
NA
7 x 10"5
0
Maximum
NA
0.11
0.0052
Mean
NA
0.
0.
016
039
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
•»
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR TRICHLOROFLUOROMETHANE
3 'b
ft
n>
• *
M
K)
tn
vD
H
NJ
to
1
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average
range, achievable range, achievable
Treatment process % cone., pg/L % cone., pg/L
Gas flotation with chemical addition
(alum, polymer) >50 <2
Filtration Od'e -e
Tertiary polishing lagoons >79 <10
Activated sludge 19-96 <450
Granular activated carbon adsorption 0 'e -e
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Avpranf anH mavimiim r*»mr>walc ror\nrt-ort
Volume III
references ,
Section numbers
III. 4. 5
III. 4. 6
III. 5. 3
III. 5.1
III. 6.1
Only one data point.
&
"Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollu-
tants, Volume IV, Halogenated Aliphatics. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 63-1 - 63-8.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.22-5
-------
-------
Compound: Trichloroethylene
Formula:
Alternate Names:
Trichloroethene,
Ethylene trichloride,
Ethinyl trichloride,
Tri-clene
Cl Cl
W
/ \
Cl H
CAS #: 79-01-6
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 131.4 m.p., °C: -73 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 87
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 57.9
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 1,100
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 2.29
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Tropospheric photoxidation of volatilized trichloroethylene
by hydroxyl radicals to phosgene and dichloroacetyl chloride
is very rapid
oxidation: Not important except for photooxidation
hydrolysis: Not important under environmental conditions
volatilization: Rapid volatilization is the major transport process
sorption: Cannot compete with volatilization as a transport process
biological processes: Evidence of bioaccumulation, but not magnification,
exists; possible metabolization by higher organisms
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
pH: 7.3
type of carbon: Not available
adsorbability: 430 mg/L; carbon dose re-
quired to reduce pollutant J
concentration from 10 mg/L s
to 1 mg/L at neutral pH ^
100
0.1
0.0001
I 111
I 1 I I II
NOTE SCALE
I Mill 1 1-
0.001 0 01 01
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
Date: 8/13/79
1.12.23-1
-------
ft
(D
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF TRICHLOROETHYLENE
a,b
fO
U)
I
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Paint and ink formulation
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Coil coating
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
ND
NA
NA
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
Maximum
-------
ff
NJ
\
01
NJ
U)
I
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF TRICHLOROETHYLENE
a,b
Treated
Concentration, MQ/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Paint and ink formulation
Rubber processing
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
ND
NA
<1
ND
ND
NA
ND
Maximum
<10
87
300
1,600
6
30
7
NA
330
Mean
<1.1
4.9
78
550
<3
11
0.78
11
18
wastewater
£
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
2.0 x 10 5
0
0.00011
0
1.0 x 10 5
0
0
0
Maximum
0.029
0.14
0.0036
0.47
NA
0.015
0.0053
NA
NA
Mean
0.0041
0.0088
0.00012
0.018
0.090
0.0023
0.00072
2.0
0.95
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollu-
tants, Volume IV, Halogenated Aliphatics. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 52-1 - 52-13.
2. Dobbs, R. A., R. J. Middendorf, and J. M. Cohen. Carbon Adsorption
Isotherms for Toxic Organics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Cincinnati, Ohio, 1978.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.23-5
-------
-------
Compound; 1,1-Dichloroethylene Formula; Cl H
Alternate Names; 1,1-Dichloroethene, /
Vinylidine chloride, Cl
Vinylidene chloride,
1,1-DCE
CAS #; 75-35-4
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 96.94 m.p., °C: -122 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 37
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: 591
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 400
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 1.48
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Aquatic photodissociation is precluded by volatilization;
tropospheric photooxidation precludes stratospheric photo-
dissociation
oxidation: Tropospheric photooxidation by hydroxyl radicals is rapid and
yields a variety of products
hydrolysis: Too slow to be important
volatilization: Rapid volatilization is the main transport process
sorption: Probably cannot compete with volatilization as a transport process
biological processes: Very low potential for bioaccumulation; biodegradation
probably too slow to be important
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.24-1
-------
o
cu
ft
n>
to
\
Ul
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRKNfK OF 1 , 1-DTOIILOROKTHYI.KNE
,a, b
to
I
KJ
Industry
Coa 1
Texti
I'a i nt
Auto
Pharm
Steam
mini n<|
te mi 1 Is
find i nk
and ot her
aceut i cal
el ectr ic
(condenser c
foi 1
I ron
Nonfe
coat i IK)
,ind st ee 1
rrous met
formula t ion
laundr ie
s
manufacture
power qe
oo 1 inq sy
ner
Ste
nq
at inq
m)
marmfacf ur Lruj
ti Is manuf
actur inq
Cone
Mini mum
ND
NA
ND
ND
ND
NA
ND
NA
ND
Raw w,
entration, |iq/I,
M.ix imum Mean
<10 <1.4
20 76
23 J2
95 8.9
NA 16C
240 15
NA <1()
6,100 200
istewater
Load i nq , kq/d
Minimum
0
2.1 x 10-5
0
1. ] x 10~5
0
0.00084
0.00075
0
0
Maximum
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.037
.14
.0035
.017
.061
.018
.027
NA
NA
Mean
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
<1.
11
0053
0090
00012
0025
0082
0039
0072
8
b
d
rnform.it ion contained in this; table was obtained from Volume IT of the Trcatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; HOI. - below detection limit.
'Pollutant loadinqs determined by multiplyinq mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharqes a:; reported in .Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
One sample.
Averaqe of medians reported for various industry soqments.
-------
D
OJ
sr
to
to
u>
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 1,1-DICHLOROETHYLENE
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M9/L
Industry
Coal mining
Paint and ink formulation
Textile mills
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
ND
NA
ND
ND
Maximum
<10
44
NA
370
4,100
Mean
<1.6
20
NA
27
86
£
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0
NA
0
0
Maximum
0.042
0.00092
NA
0.18
NA
Mean
0.0060
3.2 x 10~5
NA
0.025
4.6
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
rt
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
Date: 12/5/79 I.
M
to
M
1
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
Treatment process % cone., M<3/L
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(alum, polymer)
Actual
Removal
c
range ,
>52d
oe
>98d
FOR l,l-DICHLOROETHYLENEa/b
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone . , pg/L
<2d
e
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollu-
tants, Volume IV, Halogenated Aliphatics. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 50-1 - 50-10.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.24-5
-------
-------
Compound: 1,2-Trans-dichloroethylene Formula; H Cl
C=C
Alternate Names; Trans-l^-dichloroethene, / \
Trans-acetylene dichloride, Cl H
Dioform
CAS #; 540-59-0
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 96.94 m.p., °C: -50 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 47.5
vapor pressure (]4°C), torr: 200
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 600
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 1.48
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [1]
photolysis: Not important except as photooxidation (below)
oxidation: Tropospheric photooxidation by hydroxyl radicals is very
rapid and yields a variety of products
hydrolysis: No information; probably too slow to be important
volatilization: Rapid volatilization is the major transport process
sorption: No information; probably too slow to compete with volatilization
as a transport process
biological processes: Very low potential for bioaccumulation; biodegradation
probably too slow to be important
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.25-1
-------
rt
0>
to
\
en
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 1,2-trons-DICHLOROETHYLENE
a,b
H
•
M
to
10
I
to
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Paint and ink formulation
Rubber processing
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling system)
Coil coating
Foundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
ND
ND
NA
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Maximum
260
NA
460
ND
NA
82
NA
NA
<10
480
Mean
72
NA
230
ND
d
11
<10
<6
6
8
17
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
NA
0.00021
_e
0.00058
<0.0005
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.0033
NA
0.32
e
0.012
<0.018
<0.75
NA
NA
NA
Mean
0.00011
NA
0.048
_e
0.0026
<0.0048
<0.15
0.009
1.4
Q.90
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
^
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
Average of medians reported for various industry segments.
"Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
-------
D
&)
rt
(D
U1
-J
VD
H
NJ
I
u>
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 1,2-trans-DICHLOROETHYLENE
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L
Industry
Paint and ink formulation
Rubber processing
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
ND
NA
ND
NA
Maximum
190,
16d
550
<20a
7.5
<10
Mean
50,
16d
140
<20d
4.4
8
^
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
3.2 x 10"6
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.0023
0.014
0.95
<0.13
NA
NA
Mean
8.0 x 10"5
0.00053
0.13
<0.054
0.23
1.4
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
One sample.
-------
o
(U
rt
(D
H
NJ
^ POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 1 , 2-trans-DICHLOROETHYLENE 3'b
-j
Treatment process
Gravity oil separation
Filtration
t"1 Sedimentation
to Sedimentation with chemical addition
Jo (polymer)
i Sedimentation with chemical addition
(alum, polymer)
Steam stripping
Ozonation
Synthetic wastewater Actual
Removal Average Removal
range, achievable range,0
% cone . , |jg/L %
NA
od'e
oe
od'e
28d
76->99
od'e
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , pg/L
-20d
e
_e
e
190d
340,000
e
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
III. 4.1
III. 4.1
III. 4. 2
III. 4. 3
III. 4. 3
III. 5. 5
III. 6. 14
See Volume III for detailed information.
3NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
•*
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
"Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollu-
tants, Volume IV, Halogenated Aliphatics. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 51-1 - 51-10.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.25-5
-------
-------
Compound; Tetrachloroethylene Formula;
Alternate Names; Tetrachloroethene,
Ethylene tetrachloride, Cl"" ^Cl
Perchloroethylene
CAS #; 127-18-4
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 165.8 m.p., °C: -22.7 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 121
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 14
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 150-200
log octanol/water partition coefficient: 2.88
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate [11
photolysis: Not important except as photooxidation (below)
oxidation: Tropospheric photooxidation by hydroxyl radicals yields
Trichloroacetyl chloride and phosgene
hydrolysis: Probably too slow to be important
volatilization: Rapid volatilization is the primary transport process
sorption: Too slow to compete with volatilization
biological processes: Moderate potential for bioaccumulation; possible
biodegradation by higher organisms
other reactions/interactions: Not important
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
1,000
100
10
NOTE SCALE
i i i 11
0.01 0.1 1
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION. mq/L
10
Date: 8/13/79
1.12.26-1
-------
o
CD
n-
n>
N)
ui
\
vo
CTl
I
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
a,b
Raw wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry Minimum
Coal mining
Textile mills
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Ore mining and dressing
Steam electric power generating
(condenser cooling)
Inorganic chemicals manufacturing
Coil coating
Foundries
Leather tanning and finishing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
NA
NA
NA
ND
NA
ND
ND
ND
NA
NA,
50
'. 4,900
NA
93,000
36
ND
NA
196d
<10
370
NA
310
1,100
yg/L
Mean
ND
<5d
>50
920
NA
9,600
3.5
ND
78e
NA,
-------
n-
(D
NJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
a,b
H
•
M
to
to
I
U)
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M9/L
Industry
Coal mining
Textile mills
Petroleum refining
Paint and ink formulation
Pulp, paper and paperboard mills
Auto and other laundries
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
NA
ND
<1
2
ND
1.0
NA
ND
Maximum
<3.3
17
ioe
700
4
1,000
ND
210
51
190
Mean
<0 2
lld
ioe
190
<2
340
ND
54
16
15
Loading,0 kg/d
Minimum
0
4.6 x 10 5
0
0
0
0-00030
-
0
0
0
Maximum
0.0053
0.32
0.93
0 . 0087
NA
Of476
-
0.36
NA
NA
Mean
0.00076
0.020
0.058
0.00030
0.060
Of071
—
0.15
2.9
0.80
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
GPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
Median, not average.
One sample.
Mean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
-------
rt
0)
K)
\
1/1
\
-J
vD
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR TETRACHLOROETHYLENE3'b
to
•
ro
iod
30->99
34-76
95d
od'e
15->44
od'e
od-e
>60d
78->99
75->99
68d
wast.ewater
Average
achievable
cone , (Jg/L
>40
580
e
<0.9d
49
<23
13d
_e
270
_e
_e
-------
REFERENCES
1. Versar, Inc. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollu-
tants, Volume IV, Halogenated Aliphatics. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1979. pp. 53-1 - 53-13.
2. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.26-5
-------
-------
Compound: Allyl chloride Formula: H H H
^C=C-C-C1
Alternate Names; Chloroallylene, 3-Chloro-l- H H
propene, 3-Chloropropylene,
2-Propenyl chloride
CAS #; 107-05-1
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 76.53 m.p., °C: -134 b.p. (760 torr) , °C: 44-45
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: 368
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Slightly soluble
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.27-1
-------
D
0)
rt
n>
U)
to
-J
I
NJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ALLYL CHLORIDE3'
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
°Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
ri-
ft
ui
\ a b
^ INDUSTRIAL OCURRENCE OF ALLYL CHLORIDE '
Treated wastewater
-J
I
Concentration, \iq/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
^
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
m
rt
to
10
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR ALLYL CHLORIDE3'b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
.H Treatment process % cone . , pg/L % conc.t ug/L Section numbers
M
to
-j
I
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
c
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part II, pp. 88, 89.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.27-5
-------
-------
Compound: 2,2-Dichloropropionic acid Formula; H C
H—i—C—C—OH
Alternate Names: 2,2-Dichloropropanoic acid H Cl
CAS #: 75-99-0
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 143 m.p., °C: Not available b.p. (760 torr), °C: 185-190
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Very soluble
log octanoI/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.28-1
-------
o
&)
rt
tt>
vo
NJ
00
I
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 2,2-DICHLOROPROPIONIC ACID3'b
Industry
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading,0 kg/d
Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; DDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
0)
rt
\ INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 2, 2-DICHLOROPROPIONIC ACID3'*5
vo
Treated wastewater
Concentration, yq/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
oo —
__ Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
0)
rt
(D
\
(ji
\
-j
vO
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 2,2-DICHLOROPROPIONIC ACID
a.b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., pg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal
range,
o.
Average
achievable
cone. , |jg/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
to
•
to
00
I
See Volume III for detailed information.
3NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
r*
"Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. CRC Press, Inc. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 58th Edition.
Cleveland, Ohio, 1977. P. C-454.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.28-5
-------
-------
Compound ; Phosgene Formula r
-------
D
DJ
ft
(D
u>
tO
•
to
1C
I
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF PHOSGENE3'b
Industry
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading,0 kg/d
Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
0
0>
ft
0>
to
\
Ul
^j
VO
.
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF PHOSGENE '
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
o>
rt
(D
\
tn
vO
N)
•
NJ
ID
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR PHOSGENE3'13
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone. , pg/L % cone., pg/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 534.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.29-5
-------
-------
Compound; Ethylene dibromide Formula; ^ H
Br-C-c-Br
Alternate Names; Ethylene bromide, H H
1,2-Dibromoethane,
Glycoldibromide
CAS #; 106-93-4
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 187.9 m.p., °C: 9.97 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 132
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 11
solubility in water (30°C), mg/L: 4,310
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.30-1
-------
rt
ro
U)
to
o
I
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ETHYLENE DIBROMIDE*'
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£<
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
D)
Ul
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ETHYLENE DIBROMIDE '
VD
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
ro
OJ ———
o ——
oo Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
01
ft
(D
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATBR TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR ETHYLENE DIBROMIDE3'*3
u>
o
I
Treatment process'
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone. , pg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal
range,
9-
Average
achievable
cone., pg/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
•*
"Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 316.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.30-5
-------
-------
Compound: Epichlorohydrin Formula; H H H
>fli-i-ci
Alternate Names: 3-Chloro-l,2-epoxy- H O H
propane,(Chloromethyl)
ethylene oxide
CAS #; 106-89-8
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 92.53 m.p., °C: -48.0 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 116
vapor pressure (16.6°), torr: 10
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Insoluble
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.31-1
-------
rt
(D
U)
to
•
OJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF EPICHLOROHYDRIN3'
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading ,
Minimum
1 kg/d
Maximum
Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
a
o>
rt
(D
to
\
Ul
NJ
•
U>
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF EPICHLOROHYDRIN3 '
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M9/L
Industry
Minimum
Maximum Mean
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
u, Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
fl)
vD
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR EPICHLOROHYDRIN
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone. , \jq/L
Actual wastewater
Removal
range,
% cone.
Average
achievable
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
to
•
U)
M
I
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
CAverage and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part II,
pp. 121-123.
Date: 8/13/79 1.12.31-5
-------
-------
Compound; a-Endosulfan
Formula:
Cl Cl
Alternate Names:
6,7,8,9,10,10-Hexachloro-
1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-
6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzo(e) -
dioxathiepin-3-oxide
CAS #: 115-29-7
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 407 m.p., °C: 108 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Insoluble
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79
1.13.1-1
-------
a
01
ft
(D
CO
01
\
VD
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF Ot-ENDOSULFAN3'b
OJ
•
M
I
N)
Raw wastewater
Concentration , JJg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Foundries
Iron and
steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metal manufacturing
Minimum
ND
ND
NA
ND
Maximum Mean
<6.7 <1
NA 2.5
NA <10
15 11
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
0
0
0
0
Maximum
0.029
0.017
ND
ND
Mean
0.0041
0.007
<1.8
0.58
Information contained in this
Manual .
table was obtained from Volume
t
II of the
Treatability
'Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
-------
D
0)
rt
CD
NJ
\
Ln
I
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF Of-ENDOSULFAN
a,b
Coal mining
Foundries
Industry
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Concentration,
Treated
ug/L
Minimum Maximum
NA ND
<5 <5
NA NA
ND 0.6
ND
<5
<10
0.
wastewater
Mean
_d
0
0
2 0
Loading
Minimum
<0
NA
NA
,C kg/d
Maximum Mean
d _d
.034 <0.014
<1.8
0.011
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
-------
D
0>
r+
(6
en
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR a-ENDOSULFAN3'b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone., pg/L % cone., pg/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Meister Publishing Co. 1976 Farm Chemicals Handbook. Willoughby, Ohio,
1976. p. D 106.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.1-5
-------
-------
Compound; Endosulfan sulfate Formula; Not available
Alternate Names; None
CAS #; None assigned
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties; Not available
mol. wt. : m.p., °C: b.p. (760 torr), °C:
vapor pressure (25°C), torr:
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L:
log octanol/water partition coefficient:
Henry's law constant:
biodegradability:
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.2-1
-------
D
QJ
rt
(D
NJ
\
Ul
co
N)
I
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ENDOSULFAN SULFATEa/b
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metal manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
ND
Maximum Mean
NA <1.3
NA <10
0.03 0.03
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
0
0
0
Maximum
<0.0087
NA
NA
Mean
<0.0035
0.0016
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges are reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
-------
G
0)
rt
(D
N)
\
Ul
NO
I
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ENDOSULFAN SULFATE*'
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
H Foundries <5 <5 <5 0 <0.034 <0.014
Iron and steel manufacturing NA NA <10 0 NA <1.8
J^ Nonferrous metals manufacturing ND 0.2 0.1 0 NA 0.011
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
rt
n>
N)
\
en
OJ
•
NJ
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR ENDOSULFAN SULFATE3'*3
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range,0 achievable references,
Treatment process % cone., ug/L % cone., ug/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
Compound; $-Endosulfan
Formula:
Cl Cl
Alternate Names;
Cl
6,7,8,9,10,10-Hexachloro-
1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-
6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzo(e) -
dioxathiepin-3-oxide
CAS #; 115-29-7
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 407 m.p., °C: 206 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Insoluble
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79
1.13.3-1
-------
D
0)
rt
(D
NJ
\
Ul
U)
•
OJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF g-ENDOSULFAN3'
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Foundries
Iron and steel
manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
ND
NA
ND
Maximum
<6.7
NA
NA
15
Mean
<1.1
<1.7
<10
1.6
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
0
0
0
0
Maximum Mean
0.029 0.0041
<0.011 <0.0046
NA <1.8
NA 0.085
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual .
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
-------
D
OJ
rt
(D
I-1
01
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF
p-ENDOSULFANa/b
Treated
Concentration, [tg/L
Industry Minimum
Coal mining NA
Foundries <5
^ Iron and steel manufacturing NA
Nonferrous metals manufacturing ND
i
uj —
Maximum Mean
ND ND
<5 <5
NA <10
0.2 0.
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum Maximum Mean
_d _d _d
0 <0.034 <0.014
0 NA <1.8
10 NA 0.011
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
r*
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
0>
ri-
ft
cn
OJ
•
U)
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR p-ENDOSULFAN*'b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone. , pg/L % cone., pg/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
£
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Meister Publishing Co. 1976 Farm Chemicals Handbook. Willoughby, Ohio,
1976. p. D 106.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.3-5
-------
-------
Compound; a-BHC Formula;
Alternate Names; Hexachlorocyclohexane,
Lindane, Benzenehexachloride,
HCCH, HCH, TBH
CAS #; None assigned
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 290.8 m.p., °C: 157 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Decomposes at 288
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water, mg/L: 10
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.4-1
-------
o
0J
rt
0)
NJ
\
UI
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF a-BHC
a/b
U)
•
*i
I
• Raw wastewater
Concentration , yg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Timber products processing
Ore mining and dressing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metal manufacturing
Minimum
NA
0.001
ND
ND
NA
ND
Maximum
ND
0.186
ND
NA
NA
0.6
Mean
ND
NA
ND
7.2
<10
0.23
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
BDL
0
BDL
0
0
0
Maximum
BDL
0.0043
BDL
0.019
NA
NA
Mean
BDL
8 x 10~6
BDL
0.048
<1.8
0.012
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
*
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the
reported maximum was utilized.
-------
D
f»
ft
tn
X
«•«]
vO
I
U>
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF a-BHC
,a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M
-------
D
0J
(r
o»
M
N)
Ul
OJ
•
>(^
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR Of-BHC
a,b
a
Treatment process
Filtration
Granular activated carbon adsorption
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range , achievable
% cone. , pg/L
Actual
Removal
range ,
0,
"o
38-77
>47
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , pg/L
4
<1
Volume III
references ,
Section numbers
III. 4. 6
III. 6.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals,
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 365.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.4-5
-------
-------
Compound; g-BHC Formula;
Alternate Names; Lindane, Hexachlorocyclohexane,
Benzene hexachloride, HCCH, HCH, Cl
TBH
CAS tt; None assigned
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 290.8 m.p. , °C: 297 b.p. (760 torr) , °C: sublimes
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water, mg/L: 5
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.5-1
-------
D
OJ
jf
NJ
Ul
\
-J
U>
I
NJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF g-3'
Raw wastewater
Concentration , yg/L
Industry
Timber products processing
Ore mining and dressing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metal manufacturing
Minimum
0.001
ND
ND
NA
ND
Maximum
0.186
ND
NA
NA
4.5
Mean
NA
ND
25
0.16
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
0
ND
0
0
0
Maximum
0.0043
ND
0.17
NA
NA
Mean
8 x 10~6
ND
0.067
0.0085
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the
reported maximum was utilized.
-------
o
0>
ft
tO
\
cn
\
-J
OJ
U1
I
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF p-
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M9/L
Industry
Timber products processing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
NA
<5
NA
ND
Maximum
NA
55
NA
0.3
Mean
NA
12
<10
0.1
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
NA
0
0
0
Maximum
NA
0.08
NA
NA
Mean
NA
0.03
<1.8
0.0053
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
(D
ft
0>
K)
\
01
Ul
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 0-BHC
a,b
Treatment process
Filtration
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone. , M9/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., (jg/L
21d 55d
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
III. 4. 6
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
•«
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 365.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.5-5
-------
-------
Compound; 6-BHC Formula;
Alternate Names; Benzenehexachloride,
Lindane, Hexachlorocyclohexane,
HCCH, HCH, TBH / ^ " / C|
CAS #; None assigned
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 290.8 m.p., °C: 129 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water, mg/L: 10
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.6-1
-------
o
01
rt
(D
Ln
H
CTl
I
NJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 6-BHCa/
Raw wastewater
Concentration , yg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Timber products processing
Foundries
Nonferrous metal manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
NA
0.001
ND
ND
NA
Maximum
ND
0.186
NA
4.0
NA
Mean
ND
NA
9.3
0.24
<10
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
NA
0
0
0
0
Maximum
NA
0.0043
0.062
NA
NA
Mean
NA
8 x 10~6
0.0025
0.013
<1.8
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the
reported maximum was utilized.
-------
ff
Ul
u>
•
CTi
I
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 6-BHC
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, ng/L Loading, kg/d
Industry
Coal mining
Timber products processing
Foundries
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
<5
ND
NA
Maximum
0.05d
NA
<20
0.5
NA
Mean Minimum
0.05d 2.1 x 10"7
NA NA
<10 0
0.2 0
<10 0
Maximum
0.0014
NA
<0.067
NA
NA
Mean
9.0 x 10"5
NA
<0.027
0.011
<1.8
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"»
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
One sample.
-------
o
Qi
ft
01
to
\
Ul
\
-xj
vD
U)
CTi
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 6-BHCa'b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone. , pg/L % cone., pg/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
p
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 365.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.6-5
-------
-------
Compound; y-BHC Formula;
Alternate Names; Hexachlorocyclohexane,
Lindane, Benzenehexachloride,
HCCH, HCH, TBH
CAS #; None assigned
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 290.8 m.p., °C: 112 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water, mg/L: 10
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.7-1
-------
D
CU
ft
Ul
vo
U)
•
-j
I
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF y~BHC
a,b
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Timber products processing
Ore mining and dressing
Foundries
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
NA
0.001
ND
ND
ND
NA
Maximum
<10
0.186
ND
NA
0.2
NA
Mean
<1.7
NA
ND
7
0.06
<10
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
0
0
BDL
0
0
0
Maximum
0.045
0.0043
BDL
0.047
NA
NA
0
8
0
0
-------
Date: 12/5/79
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF Y-BHC3'b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M9/L
H
H
U>
1
U)
Industry
Coal mining
Timber products processing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Information contained in this table was
Minimum
ND
NA
<5
NA
ND
» obtained from V<
Maximum Mean
NA NA
<20 <6.4
NA <10
0.1 NA
:>lume II of the Tre
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
NA
0
0
0
atabilitv
Maximum
0.029
NA
<0.043
NA
NA
Manual .
Mean
0.0041
NA
<0.017
0.0027
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Ft
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
K)
\
tn
OJ
•
-o
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR Y-BHC3'
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone. , pg/L % cone., pg/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
CAverage and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 365.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.7-5
-------
-------
Compound; Aldrin
Formula:
H
Alternate Names; 1,2,3,4,10,10-Hexachloro-
1,4,4a,5,8,8a-hexahydro-0x0-l,4-
endo-5,8-dimethanonaphthalene
CAS #; 309-00-2
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 364.9
m.p.
>C: 104
b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water, mg/L: Insoluble
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
100
S 10
5
•S
ra
CT»
o.i
0.0001
NOTE SCALE
I I I I I I 1 I
0.001 0.01
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
0.1
Date: 8/13/79
1.13.8-1
-------
D
QJ
ft
(D
cn
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ALDRIN
a,b
UJ
•
00
I
to
• Raw wastewater
Concentration, pg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Timber products processing
Ore mining and dressing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
NA
NA
<10
ND
NA
ND
Maximum Mean
ND
0.001 0
<10 <10
NA <2
NA <10
7 0
ND
.ooid
.5
.6
Loading , kg/d
Minimum Maximum
BDL
0
0
0
0
0
BDL
4.6 x 10~5
NA
<0.017
NA
NA
8
<0
<0
<1
0
Mean
BDL
.5 x
.37
.0088
.8
.032
10~8
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
K
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maxi-
mum was utilized.
One sample.
-------
D
(u
ff
N)
\
cn
\
•x]
vO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ALDRIN'
,a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M9/L
Industry
Coal mining
Timber products processing
.H Foundries
i-1 Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
oo
1
(jj
Minimum
ND
NA
<5
NA
ND
Maximum
<3.3
NA
<20
NA
0.5
Mean
<0.3
NA
<7
<10
0.2
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
NA
0
0
0
Maximum
0.0079
NA
<0.047
NA
NA
Mean
0.0011
NA
<0.019
<1.8
0.011
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
ft
n>
\
en
Ul
*
00
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR ALDRIN
a,b
Synthetic wastewater
Treatment process
Gravity oil separation
Removal
c
range ,
0.
"o
Average
achievable
cone. , pg/L
Actual
Removal
range ,
0.
'O
NA
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone . , pg/L
3d,e
Volume III
references ,
Section numbers
III. 4.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
r*
"Average and maximum removals reported.
-j
Only one data point.
"Analytical method did not distinguish between aldrin and dieldrin.
-------
REFERENCES
1. CRC Press, Inc. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 58th Edition.
Cleveland, Ohio, 1977. p. C-104.
2. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.8-5
-------
-------
Compound: Dieldrin
Formula:
Alternate Names: HEOD; 1,2,3,4,10,10-Hexachloro-
6,7,-epoxy-1,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-
octahydro-l,4-endo, exo-5,8-
dimethanonaphthalene
CAS #; 60-57-1
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 381 m.p., °C: 175 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Insoluble
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
0.1
0.00001
0.0001 0.001
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mq/L
Date: 8/13/79
1.13.9-1
-------
a
JD
rt
(D
to
\
Ul
U)
I
N)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DIELDRIN
,a,b
, - -
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Textile mills
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
NA
ND
NA
ND
Maximum
NA
NA
NA
0.2
Mean
NA
4
<10
0.05
Q
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
NA
0
0
0
Maximum
NA
0.027
NA
NA
Mean
NA
0.011
<1.8
0.0026
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
3
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewate discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
-------
rt
(D
NJ
\
tn
Ui
I
U>
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DIELDRIN
a,b
Treated wastewater
Industry
Textile mills
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Concentration, ug/L
Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum
Loading, kg/d
Maximum Mean
NA 0.2d 0.2d 8.4 x 10~7 0.0058 0.00036
<5 <20
-------
D
0)
ft
(D
to
\
en
\
-j
vD
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR DIELDRIN
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., pg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal
range,
% cone., |jg/L
Average
achievable
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
Gravity oil separation
NA
,d,e
III.4.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
DNA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
Analytical method did not distinguish between aldrin and dieldrin.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 241.
2. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.9-5
-------
-------
Compound; 4,4'-DDE
Formula:
Alternate Names; Dichlorodiphenyl
dichloroethylene,
1,l-Dichloro-2,2-
bis (p-chlorophenyl)-ethylene
CAS _#; 72-55-9
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties;
mol. wt.: 318 m.p., °C: Not available b.p. (760 torr)
(calculated)
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C) , mg/L: Not available
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate: Not available
CC12X
Not Available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data [1]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
l.OOOp
& 100
is
I
10
0.01 0.1 1
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
Date: 8/13/79
1.13.10-1
-------
D
fu
rt
to
\
cn
U)
u>
o
I
K)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 4,4'-DDE
a,b
Raw wastewater
Concentration , ug/L
Industry
Auto and other laundries
Foundries
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Minimum
ND
ND
ND
NA
Maximum
<3.0
NA
0.4
NA
Mean
NA
10
0.06
<10
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
1.4 x 10~6
0
0
0
Maximum
<0.0021
0.067
NA
NA
Mean
<0. 00032
0.027
0.032
<1.8
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry waste-
water discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the
reported maximum was utilized.
-------
Date
M
\
en
\
•~j
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 4,4'-DDE3'b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, [\q/~L Loading,0 kg/d
H
(jJ
M
0
1
ui
Industry
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
a
Minimum
<5
NA
ND
Maximum
20
NA
0.2
Mean Minimum
7 0
<10 0
0.06 0
Maximum
0.047
NA
NA
Mean
0.019
0.0032
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
0)
r+
0>
K)
\
en
o
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 4,4'-DDE
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone.,
Actual wastewater
Removal
range,
Average
achievable
cone., pg/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.10-5
-------
-------
Compound; 4,4'-DDT
Formula:
Alternate Names:
Dichloro-diphenyl-
trichloroethane, Chloro-
phenotane, Dicophane,
1,1,1-Tri chloro-2, 2, -
bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane
CAS #: 50-29-3
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 354.5 m.p., °C: 108-109 b.p. (760 torr)
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Insoluble
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate: Not available
260
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
1,000
100
fe
•B
10
NOTE SCALE
i .ill
0.001 0.01 0.1
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
Date: 8/13/79
1.13.11-1
-------
o
0)
rt
(D
Ln
I
NJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 4,4-DDT
a,b
Raw wastewater
Concentration , yg/L
Industry
Auto and other laundries
Foundries
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Iron and steel manufacturing
Textile mills
Minimum
ND
ND
ND
NA
NA
Maximum
<3.0
NA
1.0
NA
NA
Mean
NA
6
0.04
<10
NA
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
<1.4 x 10~6
0
0
0
NA
Maximum
<0.0021
0.04
NA
ND
NA
Mean
<0. 00032
0.016
0.0021
<1.8
NA
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry waste-
water discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the
reported maximum was utilized.
-------
ft
(D
I-"
M
cn
\
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 4,4'
Concentration,
Industry Minimum Maximum
Textile mills NA 0.5d
J-1 Foundries <5 <20
M Iron and steel manufacturing NA NA
^° Nonferrous metals manufacturing ND 0.4
M
'-DDTa/b
Treated
pg/L
Mean
0.5d
<6
<10
0.07
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum Maximum
2.1 x 10"6 0.014
0 0.04
0 NA
0 NA
Mean
0.00090
0.016
<1.8
0.0037
NA - not available,- ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
One sample.
-------
0
(D
M
KJ
Ul
\
VD
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 4,4'-DDTa/b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
%
cone., pg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., pg/L
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(alum, lime)
>52
-------
REFERENCES
1. CRC Press, Inc. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 58th Edition.
Cleveland, Ohio, 1977. p. C-291.
2. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.11-5
-------
-------
Compound; 4,4'-ODD
Formula:
Alternate Names:
l,l-Dichloro-2,2-
bis(p-chlorophenyl)
ethane
HCC12
CAS #; 72-54-8
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 320.0 m.p., °C: 109-110 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Not available
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
0.1 F
£ o.oi
CO
f
o
t/t
t>
TO
t
^- 0.001
0.0001
NOTE SCALE
0.0001 0.001 0.01
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION. mg/L
0.1
Date: 8/13/79
1.13.12-1
-------
D
0)
rt
Ul
\
»J
VO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 4,4'-ODD3'
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Foundries ND NA 9 0 0.06 0.024
Nonferrous metals manufacturing ND 0.1 0.1 0 NA 0.0053
Iron and steel manufacturing NA NA <10 0 NA <1.8
information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; DDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available,
one-half the reported maximum was utilized.
-------
ft
CD
tn
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 4, 4' -ODD
3 'b
U)
Treated wastewater
Concentration, \iq/L
Loading, kg/d
Industry
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
<5
NA
ND
Maximum
<5
NA
0.2
Mean
<5
<10
0.1
Minimum
0
0
0
Maximum
<0.034
NA
NA
Mean
<0.014
<1.8
0.0053
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
01
r+
0)
N)
\
en
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR 4,4'-ODD
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., uq/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone. , JJq/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
u>
N)
I
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. CRC Press, Inc. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 58th Edition.
Cleveland, Ohio, 1977. p. C-291.
2. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.12-5
-------
-------
Compound; Endrin
Formula:
Alternate Names:
1,2,3,4,10,10-Hexachloro-
6,7-epoxy-l,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-
octahydro-1,4-endo,endo-5,8-
dimethanonaphthalene
CAS #: 72-20-8
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 380.9 m.p., °C: Not available b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Not available
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
l.OOOp
0.0001
0.001 0.01
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
Date: 8/13/79
1.13.13-1
-------
D
0)
rt
fD
t>J
Ul
\
VD
a,b
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ENDRIN '
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
ND
Maximum
NA
NA
5.4
Mean Minimum
<1.3 0
<10 0
0.46 0
Maximum
<0.0087
NA
NA
Mean
<0.0035
0.024
H
OJ
I Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available,
one-half the reported maximum was utilized.
-------
D
fl)
rt
en
\
-o
u>
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ENDRINa
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Iron and steel manufacturing NA NA <10 0 NA <1.8
Nonferrous metals manufacturing NA 0.2 0.1 0 NA 0.0053
i-1 Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
*•*•' i
Jj NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
rlean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
Median, not average.
Analytical method did not distinguish between benzo(a)pyrene and perylene.
-------
o
0)
rt
(D
cn
\
-o
vO
Lo
i
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WAS.TEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR ENDRIN
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone. , (Jg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal
range,
% cone. , |jg/L
Average
achievable
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Fairchild, E. J., R. J. Lewis, Sr., and R. L. Tatken. Registry of Toxic
Effects of Chemical Substances, Volume II. NIOSH-78-104B, National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1977.
pp. 366.
Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.13-5
-------
-------
Compound; Kelthane Formula;
Alternate Names; Kelthanethanol, Difocol,
2,2,2-Trichloro-l,1-di-
(4-chlorophenyl) ethanol
CAS #: 115-32-2
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
m.p., °C: Not available b.p. (760 torr), °C: 77-78
mol. wt.: 370.5
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water: Almost totally insoluble
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79
1.13.14-1
-------
G
0)
rt
(D
VO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF KELTHANE3'
I
to
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
ri-
ft
M
\
Ul
vO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF KELTHANE3'b
I
U)
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
CD
ft
NJ
ID
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR KELTHANE
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., pg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal
range,
Q.
Average
achievable
cone., pg/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part II,
pp. 71, 72, 73.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.14-5
-------
-------
Compound: Naled Formula; el Br O
~ _l_| l|_
Alternate Names; Bromex; Orthodibrom; Cl C C O P OCH3
Phosphoric acid, Br H OCHa
1,2-dibromo-2,2-Dichloroethyl
dimethyl ester
CAS #: 300-76-5
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 476.9 m.p., °C: 26 b.p. (0.5 torr), °C: 110
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 2 x 103
solubility in water: Almost totally insoluble
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate ; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.15-1
-------
rt
(D
VD
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF NALEDa'b
U)
Ul
I
to
Industry
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading,0 kg/d
Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
0>
rt
to
\
in
\
ID
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF NALED3'b
cn
I
Concentration,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Treated
Mg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
ft
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part II,
pp. 16, 17, 18.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.15-5
-------
-------
Compound; Dichlone Formula;
Alternate Names: Phygon, US Rubber 604,
2,3-Dichloro-l, 4-naphthoquinone, v^w /-v. _x"*
Sanquinon ^"^^ ^y^
0
CAS #; 117-80-6
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 227.0 m.p., °C: 195 b.p. (2 torr), °C: 275
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Insoluble
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.16-1
-------
D
OJ
ft
CD
u»
u>
(Ti
I
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DICHLONE3'
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
bNA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
°Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
DJ
rt
tn
\
>o
vO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DICHLONEa/b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
»l
ft
to
\
en
\
-o
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR DICHLONE3'b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
a
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references.
_ Treatment process _ % _ cone., pg/L _ % _ cone., pg/L Section numbers
M
OJ
•
M
cn
I
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesday, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part II,
pp. 81, 82.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.16-5
-------
-------
Compound; Kepone
Alternate Names:
Formula:
1, la, 3, 3a, 4,5,5 , 5a, 5b
6-Decachloroctahydro-l,3
4-metheno-2H-cyclobuta(cd)
pentalen-2-one; Merex;
Decachloroketone
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
s.
•— •
Cl
Cl
L N
'Cl
Cl
CAS #; 143-50-0
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 490.6 m.p., °C: Not available b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Not available
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79
1.13.17-1
-------
rt
fD
vo
INDUSTIRAL OCCURRENCE OF KEPONES'b
I
NJ
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yig/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
°Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
ftl
rt
(D
N)
01
\
vO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF KEPONE3'b
-J
I
OJ
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Treated
|jg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
OJ
ft
ft
to
\
en
\
-J
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR KEPONE
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., pg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone. , |jg/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
u>
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Fairchild, E. J., R. J. Lewis, Sr., and R. L. Tatken. Registry of Toxic
Effects of Chemical Substances, Volume II. NIOSH-78-104B, National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1977.
p. 549.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.17-5
-------
-------
H O
Compound; Diuron Formula ; v —
-N-C-N(CH3)2
Alternate Names ; 3- (3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-
1-dimethylurea
CAS #; 330-54-1
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt. : 233.1 m.p. , °C: 158-159 b.p. (760 torr) , °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C) , torr: Not available
solubility in water (temp, unknown) , mg/L: 42
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability : Not available
Probable Fate ; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation :
hydrolysis:
volatilization :
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions :
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.18-1
-------
D
0)
ft
(D
U)
U)
00
I
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DIURON3'b
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; DDL - below detection limit.
Cpollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
0)
rt
(D
\
vO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DIURON3'*5
00
I
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
fu
r+
CD
NJ
\
in
\
-O
VO
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR DIURON
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone. ,
Actual wastewater
Removal
range,
Average
achievable
cone. , |Jg/L
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
U>
CD
I
See Volume III for detailed information.
3NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Fairchild, E. J., R. J. Lewis, Sr., and R. L. Tatken. Registry of Toxic
Effects of Chemical Substances, Volume II. NIOSH-78-104B, National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1977.
p. 948.
2. Meister Publishing Co. 1976 Farm Chemicals Handbook. Willoughby, Ohio,
1976. pp. D96, D97.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.18-5
-------
-------
Compound; Endrin aldehyde Formula; Not available
Alternate Names; None
CAS #; None assigned
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties; Not available
mol. wt.: m.p., °C: b.p. (760 torr), °C:
vapor pressure (25°C), torr:
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L:
log octanol/water partition coefficient:
Henry's law constant:
biodegradability:
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.19-1
-------
d-
0>
Ul
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ENDRIN ALDEHYDE
a,b
I
to
Raw wastewater
£
Concentration, pg/L Loading, kg/d
Foundries
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum
ND 20 5.2 0
Iron and steel manufacturing NA NA <10 0
Nonferrous
metals manufacturing ND 0.9 0.15 0
Maximum Mean
0.035 0.014
NA <1 . 8
NA 0.0080
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
'Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
-------
D
fl)
rt
K)
01
\
VO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ENDRIN ALDEHYDE9'
OJ
vo
u> a
Treated wastewater
Concentration, [iq/L
Foundries
Industry
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
<5
NA
ND
Maximum Mean
<20 <9
NA <10
0.5 0.15
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0
0
Maximum
0.06
NA
NA
Mean
0.024
0.08
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
(D
H1
N)
-O
•JO
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR ENDRIN ALDEHYDE
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone. , |Jg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal
range,
q.
Average
achievable
cone., pg/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
u>
VD
i
See Volume III for detailed information.
DNA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
Compound; Heptachlor
Formula:
Alternate Names; 1,4,5,6,7,8,8-Heptachloro-
3a,4,7,7a, tetrahydro-4,7-
methanoindene
CAS #; 76-44-8
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 373.3 m.p., °C: 95-96 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Insoluble
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data [3]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
1.000
I 100
10
NOTE SCALE
i i I i ,i
0.001 0.01 01
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION. mg/L
Date: 8/13/79
1.13.20-1
-------
D
CD
rt
(D
NJ
\
en
vo
NJ
O
I
NJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF HEPTACHLOR
a,b
•
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Timber products processing
Auto and other laundries
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
NA
0.001
ND
ND
NA
ND
Maximum
ND
0.684
<3.0
NA
NA
0.5
Mean
ND
NA
NA
<7.5
<10
0.08
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
BDL
0
<1.4 x 10~6
0
0
0
Maximum
BDL
0.016
<0.0021
<0.05
NA
NA
Mean
BDL
2.9 x 10~5
<0. 00032
<0.02
<1.8
0.0042
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry waste-
water discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported
maximum was utilized.
-------
te: 12/5/79
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF HEPTACHLOR3
,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, \Jtg/L
H
CO
o
1
U)
Industry
Coal mining
Timber products processing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
NA
<5
NA
ND
Maximum
<6.7
NA
<5
NA
0.7
Mean
<0.8
NA
<5
<10
0.1
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
NA
0
0
0
Maximum
0.021
NA
0.034
NA
NA
Mean
0.0030
NA
0.014
<1.8
0.0053
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
SD
r+
n>
en
O
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR HEPTACHLOR
a,b
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
Treatment process % cone., pg/L
Activated sludge
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., pg/L
76d 1.5d
Volume III
references ,
Section numbers
III. 5.1
See Volume III for detailed information.
bNA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL
Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
- below detection limit.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Fairchild, E. J., R. J. Lewis, Sr., and R. L. Tatken. Registry of Toxic
Effects of Chemical Substances, Volume II. NIOSH-78-104B, National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1977.
pp. 547.
2. Meister Publishing Co. 1976 Farm Chemicals Handbook. Willoughby, Ohio,
1976. p. D 132.
3. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.20-5
-------
-------
Compound: Heptachlor epoxide
Alternate Names; 1,4,5,6,7,8,8-Heptachloro-
2,3-epoxy-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-
hexahydro-4,7-methanoindene
\— J-
CAS #; 1024-57-3 C1 Cl
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [I]
mol. wt. : 389.3 m.p., °C: Not available b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Not available
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.21-1
------- OCR error (C:\Conversion\JobRoot\000002YQ\tiff\20008CFR.tif): Unspecified error
-------
ft
0>
N>
co
to
CO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDEa'b
Industry
Coal mining
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Treated
Concentration, [iq/L
Minimum
ND
<5
NA
ND
Maximum Mean
<6.7 <0.6
<5 <5
NA <10
0.7 0.1
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
0
0
0
0
Maximum Mean
0.016 0.0023
0.034 0.014
NA <1.8
NA 0.0053
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
(U
rt
\
cn
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE
a,b
H
•
M
U)
f
N)
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., |jg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., |jg/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
Sedimentation with chemical addition
(alum, lime)
>29
<1
III.4.3
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL
Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
- below detection limit.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Fairchild, E. J., R. J. Lewis, Sr., and R. L. Tatken. Registry of Toxic
Effects of Chemical Substances, Volume II. NIOSH-78-104B, National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1977.
p. 547.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.21-5
-------
-------
Compound; Carbofuran
Alternate Names: [1]
Formula;
2,3-Dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-
7-benzofuranol methyl-
carbamate, Methyl carbamic
acid, 2,3-Dihydro-2,2-
dime thy1-7-ben zofurany1
ester
OOCHNCH3
CAS #; 156-36-62
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 221.3 m.p., °C: 150-153 b.p. (760 torr), °C:
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Not available
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Not available
Date: 8/13/79
1.13.22-1
-------
rt
n>
U)
•
to
to
I
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CARBOFURAN3'
*
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading,
Minimum
1 kg/d
Maximum
Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
ft
(D
tn
-J INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CARBOFURAN9'
U)
•
to
NJ
Concentration,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Treated
Mg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
01
ft
n>
\
VD
NJ
NJ
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR CARBOFURAN
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., ug/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., pg/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
b
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Merck and Co., Inc. The Merck Index, Ninth Edition. Rahway, New Jersey,
1976. pp. 1808, 1809.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.22-5
-------
-------
Compound; Mercaptodimethur Formula;
Alternate Names; Methiocarb
CAS #; 2032-65-7
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 225.3 m.p., °C: 117-118 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Negligible
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Insoluble
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.23-1
-------
D
0)
ri-
ft
u>
\
IO
U)
•
to
LO
I
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF MERCAPTODIMETHUR3'
Industry
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading,0 kg/d
Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
ft
o>
S)
\
ui
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF MERCAPTODIMETHUR3 '
Concentration,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Treated
MQ/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading,
kg/d
Minimum Maximum
Mean
U)
•
NJ
U) .
I _— .
u> a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
0>
ft
to
NJ
U)
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR MERCAPTODIMETHUR3'b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone., |jg/L % cone., pg/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part II,
pp. 54, 55.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.23-5
-------
-------
Cl
Cl
Compound; Chlordane Formula;
Alternate Names: 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,8-Octachloro-
3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-
methanoindane
CAS #; 57-74-9
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 409.8 m.p., °C: Not available b.p. (760 torr), °C:
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: 1 x 105
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Insoluble
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Not available
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
1.000
100
I
10
NOTE SCALE
0.001 0.01 0.1 1
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
Date: 8/13/79
1.13.24-1
-------
D
Q>
ft
to
\
cn
H
OJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CHLORDANE
a,b
Raw
Concentration , yg/L
Auto and other laundries
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Timber products processing
Minimum
ND
ND
NA
ND
<0.001
Maximum
<3.0
NA
NA
1.2
0.035
Mean
NA
12
<10
0.15
NA
wastewater
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
<1.4 x 10~6
0
0
0
Maximum
<0.0021
0.08
NA
0.00078
Mean
<0. 00032
0.032
<1.8
1 x 10~6
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
'Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry waste-
water discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the
reported maximum was utilized.
-------
0*
ft
0>
cn
-j
VD
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CHLORDANE
a,b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L
Industry
Timber products processing
Foundries
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
NA
<5
NA
ND
Maximum
NA
24
NA
31
Mean
NA
8
<10
1.1
^
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
NA
0
0
0
Maximum
NA
0.054
NA
NA
Mean
NA
0.022
<1.8
0.058
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
"Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
B>
ft
CD
K)
\
Ul
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR CHLORDANE
a,b
U)
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., uq/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
cone., pg/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
Gravity oil separation
Filtration
NA
37d
3d
24d
III. 4.1
III. 4. 6
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL
Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
- below detection limit.
------- OCR error (C:\Conversion\JobRoot\000002YQ\tiff\20008CGC.tif): Unspecified error
-------
-------
Compound; Toxaphene
Alternate Names; Polychlorocamphene
CAS #; 8001-35-2
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 414 m.p., °C: 70-90 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: 0.2-0.4
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 0.5
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.25-1
-------
D
0)
rt
tt>
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF TOXAPHENE3
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
^ Iron and steel manufacturing NA NA <10 0 NA <1.8
to Nonferrous metals manufacturing ND 0.4 0.25 0 NA <0.013
*
N) — —
cn
to Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
-------
o
fa
r+
(D
K)
\
O1
*0
vO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF TOXAPHENE3'b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, |jg/L Loading,0 kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
H
!-• Iron and steel manufacturing NA NA 2 0 NA 0 36
u>
NJ
i Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
w b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
0)
ro
\
en
\
-j
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR TOXAPHENE
a,b
oo
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., |jg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
%
cone.,
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
Gravity oil separation
NA
III. 4.1
d
See Volume III for detailed information.
3NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Guyer, G. E., et al. Toxaphene Status Report. U.S. Environmental Pro-
tection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1971. p. 10.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.25-5
-------
-------
Compound; Captan Formula;
Alternate Names; N(trichloromethylthio-4-
cyclohexene-1,2,-dicarboxylic
acid,imide
CAS #: 133-06-2
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 300.6 m.p., °C: 172-173 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: <0.01
solubility in water (25°C) , mg/L: <0.5
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.26-1
-------
rt
fD
CO
•
NJ
en
I
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CAFTAN3'*3
Industry
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading,0 kg/d
Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
OJ
ft
N)
\
(Jl
\
-0
U)
•
ro
o>
I
u>
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CAPTAN3'5
Treated wastewater
Concentration, Mg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
^
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
fl>
rt
KJ
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR CAPTAN3'
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone. , pg/L % cone., pg/L Section numbers
tsj
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part II,
pp. 46, 47.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.26-5
-------
-------
Compound; Carbaryl
Formula;
Alternate Names; 1-Naphthyl methylcarbamate;
Methylcarbamic acid, 1-naphthyl
ester; Sevin
CAS #; 63-25-2
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 201.2
m.p.
»C: 142
b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: <0.005
solubility in water (30°C), mg/L: 40
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79
1.13.27-1
-------
D
CD
ft
(D
UJ
CO
•
to
«J
I
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CARBARYLa'b
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
0
JU
rt
to
\
tn
ah
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CARBARYL '
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Treated
Hg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum Maximum
Mean
OJ
•
to
^J
I ,
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
0)
ft
\
in
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR CARBARYL
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., ug/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., Mg/L
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
u>
•
N)
-J
I
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
£
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part II,
pp. 36, 37.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.27-5
-------
-------
Compound : Coumaphos Formula
— £ - -
s
C2H5°\t
p
Alternate Names; 0-(3-Chloro-4-methyl- /
2-oxo-2H-l-benzopyran- C2H50
7-yl),0,0-diethyl phosphoro-
thioate, Co-Ral
CAS #; 56-72-4
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 353 m.p., °C: 90-92 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Insoluble
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.28-1
-------
rt
CD
vo
VD
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF COUMAPHOS3'
CO
•
NJ
00
Raw wastewater
^
Concentration, yg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
°Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
ft
0>
to
\
en
-J
"° INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF COUMAPHOS*'
U)
•
fO
CO
I
(jj
Concentration,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Treated
Mg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
rt
(D
to
\
en
\
^i
\o
u>
•
NJ
OO
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR COUMAPHOSa/b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone. , Mg/L % cone., pg/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
£
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Meister Publishing Co. 1976 Farm Chemicals Handbook. Willoughby, Ohio,
1976. p. D 67.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.28-5
-------
-------
Compound; Diazinon Formula;
T/H
Alternate Names; 0,0-Diethyl-O-(2-isopropyl- s . C
6-methyl-4-pyrimidinyl) CH3CH2OX| /* ^ CH3
phosphorothioate P-O -^ f*
CH3CH2O ^—\
CAS #; 333-41-5 CH3
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 304.4 m.p., °C: Not available b.p. (2 x 10~3 torr), °C: 83-84
vapor pressure (20°C) , torr: 1.4 x 10"1*
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 40
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate ; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.29-1
-------
o
fD
rt
(D
u»
CO
•
M
vo
I
tO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DIAZINONa'b
Industry
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading,0 kg/d
Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
&>
rt
(D
to
X
en
U)
•
to
VD
I
00
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DIAZINON3'*3
Industry
Treated wastewater
Concentration, (jq/L Loading, c kg/d
Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
t)
0)
ft
to
\
en
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR DIAZINON
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., ug/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone. , [jg/L
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
u>
vo
I
See Volume III for detailed information.
- Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part III,
pp. 83-85.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.29-5
-------
-------
Compound; Dicamba Formula;
Alternate Names; Banvel,3,6-Dichloro-o-
anisic acid
CAS #; 1918-00-9
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 221.0 m.p., °C: 114-116 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Not available
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.30-1
-------
o
fl>
• •
^D
\
M
U)
\
vo
U)
o
I
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DICAMBA9'
Industry
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading, kg/d
Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
3Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
°Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
ft
fl)
to
en
\
vD
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DICAMBAa'b
H
U)
o
I
OJ
Treated wastewater
Concentration, pg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
°Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
0>
ft
0>
N)
\
cn
\
^j
VD
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR DICAMBAa/t>
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
H range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone., [jg/L % cone., pg/L Section numbers
to
o
*»
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Fairchild, E. J., R. J. Lewis, Sr., and R. L. Tatken. Registry of Toxic
Effects of Chemical Substances, Volume II. NIOSH-78-104B, National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1977.
p. 189.
2. Meister Publishing Co. 1976 Farm Chemicals Handbook. Willoughby, Ohio,
1976. p. D 28.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.30-5
-------
-------
Compound: Dichlobenil
Alternate Names; Casoron 113, 2,6-
Dichlorobenzonitrile
CAS #; 1194-65-6
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 172 m.p., °C: 139-145 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 270
vapor pressure (20°C) , torr: 5.5 x 10"1*
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 25
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.31-1
-------
o
(a
rt
fD
U>
-J
VD
U>
•
U>
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DICHLOBENIL3'
Raw wastewater
Industry
Concentration, ]Jg/L
Minimum Maximum Mean
Loading , kg/d
Minimum Maximum Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
rt
CD
to
X
(SI
X
U>
I
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DICHLOBENIL3'b
Treated wastewater
£
Concentration, yq/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
CU
Ul
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR DICHLOBENIL
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone. , pg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal
range ,
Average
achievable
cone . ,
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
CO
•
to
M
I
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
£•
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Ouellette, R. P., and J. A. King. Chemical Week Pesticides Register.
McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 178.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.31-5
-------
-------
Compound: Malathion Formula; S HO
* CH3°\|| I |
P—S—C—C—(
Alternate Names; Diethyl mercaptosuccinate, / .
s-ester with 0,0-dimethyl 3 H2C-C-O-CH2CH3
phosphorodithioate II
CAS #; 121-75-5
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 330 m.p., °C: 2.85 b.p. (760 torr), °C; Not available
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 4 x 10~5
solubility in water (temp, unknown), mg/L: 145
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.32-1
-------
D
DJ
ft
fD
-J
vo
U)
•
u>
to
I
tO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF MALATHIONa'b
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading,
Minimum
kg/d
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
(U
rt
CD
N)
\
en
-J
^° INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF MALATHION3'
H
CO
•
co
NJ
I
co
Concentration,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Treated
Mg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum Maximum
Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
0>
d-
tt>
tn
to
to
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR MALATHION
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., pg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal
range,
Average
achievable
cone., M9/L
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
DNA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
^
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Meister Publishing Co. 1976 Farm Chemicals Handbook. Willoughby, Ohio,
1976. pp. D 153 - D 154.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.32-5
-------
-------
Compound: Methyl parathion
Formula:
Alternate Names; 0,0-Dimethyl-O-p-nitrophenyl
phosphorothioate
CAS #; 298-00-0
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 263.2
m.p.
>C: 35-36 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Thermally unstable
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 0.97 x 10~5
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 55-60
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data [3]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
1,000
100
fe
•8
£ 10
1
0.0001
NOTE SCALE
i , i i.,
0.001 0.01
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION. mg/L
0.1
Date: 8/13/79
1.13.33-1
-------
rt
0>
H
•
H1
to
CO
I
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF METHYL PARATHION3'b
Industry
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading,0 kg/d
Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
0)
ft
n>
^J
^0
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF METHYL PARATHIONa'b
I
U)
Treated wastewater
Concentration, Mg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
tu
r+
(D
tO
-0
u>
•
OJ
u>
I
a b
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR METHYL PARATHION
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process3 % cone., yq/L % cone., pg/L Section numbers
aSee Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
^
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Initial Scientific and Minieconomic Review of Methyl Parathion, Criteria
and Evaluation Division, Office of Pesticide Programs, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., February 1975. pp. 14, 17.
2. Meister Publishing Co. 1976 Farm Chemicals Handbook. Willoughby, Ohio,
1976. p. D 166.
3. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.33-5
-------
-------
Compound: Parathion
Formula:
CH3CH2O,
CH
\«
P-0
Alternate Names; 0,0-Diethyl-O-p-
nitrophenyl phosphorothioate
CAS #; 56-38-2
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt. : 291.3 m.p., °C: 6.1 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 375
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Insoluble
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate: Not available
NO2
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
pH: Not available
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-300
adsorbability: Not available
1.000
100
10
• • I
NOTE SCALE
i i ml 1—i i I i
0.0001 0.001 0.01
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
0.1
Date: 8/13/79
1.13.34-1
-------
D
&>
rt
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF PARATHION3'*3
Raw wastewater
Concentration, pg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
ts)
\
tn
-0 INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF PARATHIONS/b
U)
Treated wastewater
£
Concentration, mg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
J, a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
0)
K)
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR PARATHION
a,b
M
•
M
U)
U)
I
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., |jg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal
range,
Average
achievable
cone..
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. CRC Press, Inc. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 58th Edition.
Cleveland, Ohio, 1977. p. C-411.
2. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.34-5
-------
-------
Compound; Guthion Formula; „
CH30X||
Alternate Names; Azinphos-methyl, ^-^
Benzotriazinedithiophos- CHaO '
phoric acid dimethoxy ester
CAS #; 86-50-0
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt. : 317.3 m.p., °C: 73-74 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (20°C) , torr: <3.8 x lO"1*
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 33
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.35-1
-------
o
DJ
ti-
ro
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF
co
ui
en
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
c
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
s»
rt
o>
K)
\
W
U>
•
OJ
U1
I
OJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF GUTHION3
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Treated
pq/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
01
ft
NJ
\
U1
-J
vO
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR GUTHION
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., |jg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone.,
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
u>
u>
1
*>.
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
CAverage and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part III,
pp. 20-22.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.35-5
-------
-------
jj/0CH2CH3
Alternate Names: O,O,O' ,O'-Tetraethyl- ^/~S~CH2~S~P\^U u
S,S'-methylene-bisphosphoro- CH3CH2O OCH2CH3
dithioate
CAS #; 563-12-2
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 384.5 m.p., °C: -12 to -13 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: 1.5 x 10~6
solubility in water: Slightly soluble
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.36-1
-------
o
p)
rt
n>
CO
to
•
LO
CTi
I
NJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF
Industry
Raw wastewater
c
Concentration, yg/L Loading/ kg/d
Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
P)
ft
(D
X
cn
-J INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ETHIONa'b
H
M
LO
•
oo
Concentration,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Treated
ug/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading ,
kg/d
Minimum Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
tv
rt
in
\
•j
vO
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR ETHION
a,b
Synthetic wastewater
Treatment process
Removal
range ,
Average
achievable
cone . , ug/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., ug/L
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
u>
•
co
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part III,
pp. 63-66.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.36-5
-------
-------
Compound: Isoprene Formula; H H
I I
Alternate Names; 2-Methyl-l,3-butadiene C=C-C-CH2
H CH3
CAS #; 78-79-5
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 68.13 m.p., °C: ^-120 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 34.1
vapor pressure (15.4°C), torr: 400
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Almost totally insoluble
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.37-1
-------
rt
(D
CO
•j
vo
H
•
M
CO
t
CO
I
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ISOPRENE3'
Industry
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading, kg/d
Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
°Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
01
ft
CD
\
tn
-------
xt
*.
(0
w
z
u
Hi
o
in
M
cc
0
bb
u
HH
H
§
U
H
a^j
H
U
£
H
<
W
05
H
OS
U
H
^
B
CO
(flj
£j
fH
£H
M
1-1
HH
ca
4J <
(fi
(0
V)
IM
- 0)
W XI
0) g
u 3
c c
0)
U C
ft) O
U-t *r1
a> -t-i
u u
in
j
a» ^^
r-H O1
fj n
(0
> «
0) •
•H U
XI C
u o
(0 U
rH r-HU
(0 re
3 >
4J O
U £
< 01
a:
v^
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4-> 0)
(0 O>
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4J a>
w >
(0 o\°
c
(0
Ll
l_j
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XI ^
(0
> -
01 •
•H U
XI C
u o
(0 U
4-> i-HU
O> (0
£1 >
4-> O
C E
>• 01
mice:
*
OI
CPo\°
c
10
*•<
re
V)
(A
0>
u
o
Ll
a
4-1
c
01
4J
re
0)
H
-H
-H
O
•H
4->
U
o>
4J
01
•o
o
•H
4J
«8
Q
03
T3 T3
O> OJ
U
01
01
•a
o
c
<0
4->
•8
Si
o
U-l
XI
(0
iH
•H
10
(0
O
O
01
0) rt
cn 2
re xi
o
a
01
10
I
01
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K
10
•o
10
4)
Date: 12/5/79
1.13.37-4
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part III,
pp. 59, 60.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.37-5
-------
-------
Compound; Chlorpyrifos
Alternate Names; Dursban, O,O-Diethyl-O-
(3,5/6-trichloro-2-pyridyl)- OCH2CH3
phosphorothioate, Lorsban . *'k^-x'x^n '
CAS #: 2921-88-2 S OCHaCH3
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties fl]
mol. wt.: 350.6 m.p., °C: 41-42 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: l.B x 10~5
solubility in water (35°C), mg/L: 2
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability; Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.38-1
-------
o
0)
n-
n>
U)
\
•o
U)
00
I
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CHLORPYRIFOS3 fb
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading ,
Minimum
! kg/d
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
ft
(D
-------
D
0>
rt
(D
N)
\
Oi
\
^J
vO
u>
•
u>
00
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR CHLORPYRIFOS3'13
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone., \Jtg/L % cone., pg/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
!• Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part III,
pp. 74-76.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.38-5
-------
-------
Compound; Dichlorvos Formula: o H
CHaO || I
Alternate Names; 2,2-Dichlorovinyl- _P-O-C=C
0,0-dimethyl phosphate CH3° C1
CAS #: 62-73-7
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 221 m.p., °C: Not available b.p. (0.05 torr), °C: 35
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 1.2 x 10~2
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 10,000
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.39-1
-------
D
0)
rt
(D
u>
\
VO
U>
I
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DICHLORVOS*'
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
ft
0)
N)
\
cn
-J INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DICHLORVOS3'
<£>
Concentration,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Treated
Mg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading,
kg/d
Minimum Maximum
Mean
H
•
h-1
U)
*
U)
U3
I —
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
01
rt
(D
K)
V0
IjO
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR DICHLORVOS*'b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone., Mg/L % cone., Mg/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Ouellette, R. P., and J. A. King. Chemical Week Pesticides Register.
McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 178.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.39-5
-------
-------
Compound; Diquat Formula;
Alternate Names: Usually exists as Diquat
dibromide
CAS #; 85-00-7 (Diquat dibromide)
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties of Disquat dibromide [1]
mol. wt.: 344.1 m.p., °C: 335-340 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 700,000
log octanoI/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.40-1
-------
o
0»
rt
(D
vo
\
M
U>
\
VO
ui
o
I
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading,
Minimum
kg/d
Maximum
Mean
ainformation contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
fi-
at
M
\
-------
rt
(D
NJ
vO
U)
o
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR DIQUAT3'b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references.
Treatment process % <:onc., pg/L % cone., M9/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
£
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part III,
pp. 118, 119.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.40-5
-------
-------
rt
(D
-j
vo
H
•
I-1
U)
I
10
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DISULFOTON3'
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
Compound; Disulfoton Formula; „„ „„ _ S
CHsCr^O^ II
Alternate Names; 0,0-Diethyl S-[2- X?-S-CH2-CH2-S-CH2CH;
ethylthio)ethyl] CH3CH2O
phosphorodithioate
CAS #: 298-04-4
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 274.4 m.p., °C: >-25 b.p. (1.5 torr), °C: 132-133
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 1.8 x 10~u
solubility in water (23°C), mg/L: 25
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate : Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.41-1
-------
sr
•»
H
to
\
en
-J INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DISULFOTONa'b
H
Treated wastewater
Concentration, ug/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
3,
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D>
sr
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR DISULFOTON*'b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range,0 achievable range,0 achievable references,
I"1 Treatment process3 % cone., pg/L % cone., |jg/L Section numbers
t-1
OJ
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
^
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part III,
pp. 135-137.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.41-5
-------
-------
Compound; Mevinphos Formula;
Alternate Names; Phosdrin, 2-Methoxycarbonyl-
1-methylv
phosphate
CAS #: 7786-34-7
O CH3 O
S-O-CBC-C-O-CHa
1-methylvinyl dimethyl CH3 H
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 224.2 m.p. , °C: Not available b.p. (1 torr) , °C: 106-108
vapor pressure (21°C) , torr: 2.9 x 103
solubility in water (25°C) , mg/L: Miscible
log octanol/water partition coefficient : Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate : Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions :
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.42-1
-------
D
DJ
rt
(D
vo
M
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF MEVINPHOSa'b
Industry
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading,0 kg/d
Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; DDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
rt
(D
01
-J INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF MEVINPHOS*'
H
CO
Treated wastewater
Concentration, \jq/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
00 Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
01
ft
(D
NJ
01
to
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR MEVINPHOS3'
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process3 % cone., yg/L % cone., pg/L Section numbers
aSee Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part III,
pp. 43-45.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.42-5
-------
-------
Compound; Mexacarbate Formula;
Alternate Names; Zectran, 4-Dimethylamino-
3,5-xylyl N-methylcarbamate
CAS #; 315-18-4
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 222.3 m.p., °C: 85 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (139°C), torr: <0.1
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Almost totally insoluble
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate : Not available]
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.43-1
-------
D
(V
rt
(D
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF MEXACARBATE*'
Ul
U)
I
NJ
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
c
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£»
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
a
(U
ft
cn
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF MEXACARBATE3'
H
CO
U)
I
co
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Treated
|jg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
b
c
-------
D
D>
rt
0)
Is)
01
\
-0
vD
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR MEXACARBATE3'
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone., M9/L % cone., \jq/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
£
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part III,
pp. 29, 30.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.43-5
-------
-------
Compound: Trichlorfon Formula; HaC-a i? ?H
T>-C-CCl3
Alternate Names; Dylox, Dimethyl (2,2,2- H c_<=^ \
trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl) H
phosphonate
CAS #: 52-68-6
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt. : 257 m.p., °C: 81-82 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C) , torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 120,000
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.44-1
-------
D
0)
rt
U)
•vl
vo
H
•
M
U)
I
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF TRICHLORFON3'*5
Industry
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading,0 kg/d
Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
0)
rt
0>
(Jl
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF TRICHLORFON3'
H
M
00
I
Treated wastewater
Concentration, |jg/L Loading,C kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
oo a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
0)
rf
0>
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWftTER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR TRICHLORFON
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., ug/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., pg/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Meister Publishing Co. 1976 Farm Chemicals Handbook. Willoughby, Ohio,
1976. p. D 103.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.44-5
-------
-------
Compound: Propargite Formula; H3C >-——v H H OH
I /f\\. II II
H3C-C-(( )VO-C-C-0-S-OC-C=C
Alternate Names: Omite, 2-(p-£er£-Butylphenoxy) I y~^y i I I I
-I _i 1 I __..! n..1«J4-« 3L H2C CH2 H H
-H-'
f« ^t
cyclohexyl-2-proponyl sulfite """ " I 1
H2C-CH2
CAS #: 2312-35-8
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 350 m.p., °C: Not available b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Insoluble
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data:
Date: 8/13/79 ,'1.13.45-1
-------
D
CD
rt
0)
U)
\
vo
Ul
I
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF PROPARGITE3'b
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading,0 kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
&
ft
to
U1
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF PROPARGITE3'*5
(Jl
I
Treated wastewater
Concentration, Mg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
0>
rt
rt>
to
X
tn
X
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR PROPARGITE
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone. , pg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone. ,
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
U)
m
i
a
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Ouellette, R. P., and J. A. King. Chemical Week Pesticides Register.
McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 242.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.45-5
-------
-------
Compound; Carbon disulfide Formula! S=C=S
Alternate Names; Dithiocarbonic anhydride
CAS #; 75-15-0
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 76.14 m.p., °C: -111 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 46.3
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: 360
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 2,940
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.46-1
-------
ft
CD
VO
GJ
CTi
I
NJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CARBON DISULFIDEa'
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
Ug/L
Mean
wastewater
c
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
rt
fD
NJ
ui
\
vo
u>
I
u>
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CARBON DISULFIDEa'b
Industry
Concentration,
Minimum
Maximum
Treated
Mg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
•a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
ft
(V
K)
\
U1
>J
10
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR CARBON DISULFIDE
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone. , pg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., pg/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
3NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part III,
pp. 109, 110.
Date: 8/13/79 1.13.46-5
-------
-------
Compound: Acetaldehyde Formula: H
CH3-C^
Alternate Names: Ethanal, Ethyl aldehyde O
CAS #: 75-07-0
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 44.05 m.p., °C: -124 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 21
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 740
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Miscible
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 93% acetaldehyde removal (measured as BOD) obtained in
5-day static activated sludge test
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.1-1
-------
o
QJ
ft
-J
VD
H
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ACETALDEHYDE3'
Raw wastewater
£J
Concentration, yg/L Loading , kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
^
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
0)
tn
\
-0
H
I
oo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ACETALDEHYDE3'*3
Treated wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Mg/L
Mean
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
tu
r+
tt>
en
\
-j
^
!-•
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR ACETALDEHYDE
a,b
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range , achievable
Treatment process % cone., |jg/L
Anaerobic lagoons
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone . , (Jg/L
58-67 28
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
III. 5. 3
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part III,
pp. 145-147.
2. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. pp. 57-59.
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.1-5
-------
-------
Compound; Acetic acid Formula;
Alternate Names; Ethanoic acid, Methane
carboxylic acid, Vinegar
acid
CH3
CAS #; 64-19-7
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 60.05 m.p., °C: 16.7 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 118
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 11.4
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 38
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 50% theoretical oxidation of 500 ppm acetic acid by
phenol acclimated sludge after 12 hr aeration
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
pH: 4.0
type of carbon: Filtrasorb-400
adsorbability: Not available
100
10
1
NOTE SCALE
Jj
1 10 100
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
1,000
Date: 8/13/79
1.14.2-1
-------
o
p>
rt
n>
vo
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ACETIC ACID3'
H
to
I
NJ
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
fi)
rt
n>
H
to
\
l/l
CO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ACETIC ACID3'*5
Treated wastewater
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Mg/L
Mean
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
Oi
rt
(D
-0
vO
H
•
M
**
•
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR ACETIC ACID
a,b
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range , achievable
Treatment process % cone., pg/L
Anaerobic lagoons
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., (jg/L
od -d
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
III. 5. 3
See Volume III for detailed information.
3NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 74.
2. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.2-5
-------
-------
Compound: Allyl alcohol Formula; H H
\ i I
fssi1—f —OH
Alternate Names; 2-Propenol / i
CAS #; 107-18-6
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 58.08 m.p., °C: -50 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 96-97
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: 23.8
solubility in water, mg/L: Soluble
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 57% allyl alcohol removal (measured in BOD removal)
obtained in 10-day static activated sludge test for
initial allyl alcohol concentrations of 1,000 mg/L
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data;
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.3-1
-------
o
0»
ft
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ALLYL ALCOHOL9'
H
U>
I
N)
Raw wastewater
c
Concentration, yg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
bNA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
°Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
0J
rt
(D
t-o
X
ui
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ALLYL ALCOHOL3'
Treated
Concentration, M9/L
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
wastewater
Loading ,
Minimum
kg/d
Maximum
Mean
H
*
\->
it*
•
u> _^
I .—
OJ a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
°Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
rt
(D
to
01
\D
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR ALLYL ALCOHOL
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., ug/L
Actual wastewater
Removal
c
range,
Average
achievable
cone., ug/L
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
4*
•
I
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
•«
"Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part III,
pp. 94, 95.
2. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. pp. 83-85.
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.3-5
-------
-------
Compound; Amyl acetate Formula; 0 CHa
Alternate Names; Isoamyl acetate, 3 2 2 i
Acetic acid 3- CHa
methylbutyl ester
CAS #; 123-92-2
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 130.1 m.p., °C: -78.5 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 142
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: 6
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 2,500
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.4-1
-------
o
ft
<^»
vo
\
M
U)
\
-J
V£>
I
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF AMYL ACETATE3'
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
c
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
rt
(D
ro
\
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF AMYL ACETATE3 /b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, \jq/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
I _
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
fl>
• •
M
K)
in
-j
vo
*>.
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR AMYL ACETATE3'
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process3 % cone., ug/L % cone., pg/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
CAverage and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part III,
pp. 1, 2.
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.4-5
-------
-------
Compound; Butyl acetate Formula; O
H3C-C-O-CH2CH2CH2CH3
Alternate Names: Acetic acid, butyl
ester; Butyl ethanoate
CAS #; 123-86-4
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 116.2 m.p., °C: -77.9 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 125-126
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: 15
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Slight
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 7% of theoretical oxygen demand removed in 5-day BOD test
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.5-1
-------
o
0»
ft
(D
u>
\
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BUTYL ACETATE3fb
Ul
I
to
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
°Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
0
tu
r+
(D
ro
\
ui
H
Ul
I
U>
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BUTYL ACETATE3/b
Treated wastewater
Concentration,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Mg/L
Mean
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
^
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
p>
ft
0>
tO
in
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR BUTYL ACETATE3'b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone., |jq/L % cone., pg/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part III,
pp. 164, 165.
2. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. pp. 141-143.
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.5-5
-------
-------
Compound : Butyric acid Formula ; O
Alternate Names ; Butanoic acid, Ethylacetic OH
acid, Propylformic acid
CAS #: 107-92-6
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 88.12 m.p., °C: -7.9 b.p. (760 torr) , °C: 164
vapor pressure (20°C) , torr: 0.84
solubility in water (25°C) , mg/L: Soluble in all proportions
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 25% of theoretical oxygen demand removed in 12 hr static
activated sludge test
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.6-1
-------
rt
(D
U)
\
vo
CTl
I
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BUTYRIC ACID3'*3
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
c
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
B>
rt
tt>
to
en
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF BUTYRIC ACID3'b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, yq/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
^
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
(II
ft
IS)
\
ui
>j
\D
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR BUTYRIC ACID
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., ug/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., ug/L
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
CTi
I
Anaerobic lagoons
III.5.3
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Average and maximum removals reported.
Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part III, p. 39.
2. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. pp. 158.
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.6-5
-------
-------
Compound: Formaldehyde Formula; H
>°
Alternate Names; Methanal, Formalin, H
Oxomethane
CAS #; 50-00-0
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 30.0 m.p., °C: -118 to -92 b.p. (760 torr), °C: -21 to -19
vapor pressure (-88°C), torr: 10
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Not available
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 60% of theoretical oxygen demand removed in 5-day BOD test
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.7-1
-------
G
(a
ft
(D
U)
\
vo
H
I
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF FORMALDEHYDE3'
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading,
Minimum
kg/d
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
Ul
\ a b
< INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF FORMALDEHYDE '
Treated wastewater
£•
Concentration, Mg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
I
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
rt
ID
N)
\
01
\
^J
VO
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR FORMALDEHYDE*/b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range,c achievable references,
Treatment process % cone., ug/L % cone., ug/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
£
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 342.
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.7-5
-------
-------
^O
H-q(
OH
Compound ; Formic acid Formula ;
Alternate Names: Methanoic acid, Hydrogen
carboxylic acid, Formylic
acid
CAS #; 64-18-6
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 46.03 m.p. , °C: 8.4 b.p. (760 torr) , °C: 101
vapor pressure (24°C) , torr: 40
solubility in water (25°C) , mg/L: Soluble in all proportions
log octanol/water partition coefficient : Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 70% of theoretical oxygen demand removed in 24 hr
static activated sludge test
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis :
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions :
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.8-1
-------
o
Q)
(1-
(D
vo
\
M
CO
\
~J
vo
oo
NJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF FORMIC ACID3'
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
c
Loading r kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
f+
(D
to
\
en
00
I
LO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF FORMIC ACID3'
Treated wastewater
£
Concentration, (jg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
CJ
(D
• •
(-•
tn
vO
CO
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR FORMIC ACID9'*5
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone., pg/L % cone., pg/L Section numbers
aSee Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part III,
pp. 11-13.
2. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 346.
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.8-5
-------
-------
Compound: Fumaric acid Formula; ov
xCv /H
Alternate Names; Trans-1,2-ethylenedicarboxylic HO C=C
acid, Trans-butenedioic acid, ^ \:-OH
Allomaleic acid $
CAS ft; 110-17-8
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 116.1 m.p., °C: 300 to 302 b.p. (1.7 torr), °C: Sublimes at 165
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: 7,000
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 1.7% of theoretical oxygen demand removed after 24 hr
static activated sludge test
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.9-1
-------
ti-
ro
vo
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF FUMARIC ACIDa/b
vo
I
to
Raw wastewater
Concentration, Mg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
tu
rt
to
\
ui
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF FUMARIC ACIDa/t>
Treated wastewater
Concentration, Mg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
__
I
<•*•> a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
to
in
>J
ID
vo
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR FUMARIC ACID3'**
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process3 % cone., M9/L % cone., pg/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part III, p. 52.
2. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977.
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.9-5
-------
-------
Compound; Maleic acid Formula: H H
\:=cx
Alternate Names: C*is-l,2-ethylenedicarboxylic acid, r "V
Toxilic acid, Cis-butenedioic acid O OH HO7 O
CAS #; 110-16-7
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 116.1 m.p., °C: 130.5 b.p. (760 torr), °C: Decomposes at 135
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Freely soluble
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 4.5% of theoretical oxygen demand removed after 12 hr
static activated sludge test
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.10-1
-------
rt
0>
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF MALEIC ACID3'*3
o
I
Raw wastewater
c
Concentration, yg/L Loading , kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
°Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
ft)
sr
ro
\
O!
H
O
I
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF MALEIC ACIDa/t>
Treated wastewater
Q
Concentration, \jg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
ai
r+
n>
X
in
o
I
*»
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR MALEIC ACID
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
%cone.,
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range,C achievable
% cone.,
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
CAverage and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part III,
pp. 56, 57.
2. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 420.
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.10 5
-------
-------
Compound; Methyl methacrylate Formula; CH21"*C— C—O—
CHa 0
Alternate Names; 2-Methyl-propenoic
acid, methyl ester
CAS #; 80-62-6
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 100.1 m.p., °C: -48 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 100-101
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Slightly soluble
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 47% theoretical oxidation of 10 mg/L methyl methacrylate
observed in 10-day static activated sludge test
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.11-1
-------
D
0)
rt-
(D
VJD
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF METHYL METHACRYLATE3'
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading/ kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
^
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
Oi
rt
fD
to
\
en
I
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF METHYL METHACRYLATE9'*3
Industry
Treated wastewater
Concentration, uq/L Loading,0 kq/d
Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
p»
ft
^1
VO
I
*>.
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR METHYL METHACRYLATE
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., |jg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone.. pg/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
3NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
""Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. CRC Press, Inc. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 58th Edition.
Cleveland, Ohio, 1977. p. C-465.
2. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 464.
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.11-5
-------
-------
Compound; Propionic acid Formula; ^p
CH3CH2C/
Alternate Names; Propanoic acid OH
CAS #; 79-09-4
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 74.08 m.p., °C: -20.8 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 141
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Soluble in all proportions
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 40% of theoretical oxygen demand removed after 24 hr
static activated sludge test
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.12-1
-------
o
0)
rt
CD
OJ
\
vj
VO
to
I
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF PROPIONIC ACID3'
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
c
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
0>
ft
(D
VO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF PROPIONIC ACIDa/b
Treated wastewater
H
•
M
*»
I
U)
Concentration, Mg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
rt
(D
ro
\
in
\
•vj
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR PROPIONIC ACID
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., ug/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone.. ug/L
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
Anaerobic lagoons
III.5.3
a
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
i*
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. CRC Press, Inc. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 58th Edition.
Cleveland, Ohio, 1977. p. C-451.
2. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals,
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 548.
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.12-5
-------
-------
Compound; Vinyl acetate Formula; D
CH3C-O=CH=CH2
Alternate Names; Acetic acid, ethenyl ester;
1-Acetoxyethylene
CAS #; 108-05-4
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 86.10 m.p., °C: -93.2 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 72.2-72.3
vapor pressure (21°C), torr: 100
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 20,000
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 42% theoretical oxidation of 10 mg/L vinyl acetate
observed in 10-day static activated sludge test
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.13-1
-------
o
PI
ft
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF VINYL ACETATE3'
to
Raw wastewater
£-•
Concentration, yg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
fl>
rt
to
\
en
-J INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF VINYL ACETATE3/b
co
I
CO
Treated wastewater
f^
Concentration, Mg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
°Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
01
K>
VI
u>
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR VINYL ACETATE3'b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range,c achievable references,
Treatment process % cone., pg/L % cone., pg/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part III,
pp. 158, 159.
2. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 634.
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.13-5
-------
-------
Compound: Adipic acid
Formula:
n Q
HO-C- (CH2) **-C-
Alternate Names:
CAS #; 124-04-9
1,6-Hexanedioic acid,
1,4-Butanedicarboxylic
acid
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 146.1 m.p., °C: 153 b.p. (760 torr) , °C:
vapor pressure (159°C) , torr: 1
solubility in water (25°C) , mg/L: 14,400
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
338
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
1,000
pH: 3.0, 7.0, 9.0
type of carbon: Not available
adsorbability: 450 mg/L; carbon dose re-
quired to reduce pollutant J 100
concentration from 10 mg/L 8
to 1 mg/L at neutral pH §
10
0.1 1 10
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
100
Date: 8/13/79
1.14.14-1
-------
D
fa
rt
vo
\
M
U>
\
vo
H
KJ
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ADIPIC ACID9'
Raw wastewater
Q
Concentration, yg/L Loading • kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Si
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
ft
(D
\
sj
^D
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ADIPIC ACIDa'b
I
U)
Treated wastewater
Q
Concentration, pg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
ft
CD
X
Ul
vj
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR ADIPIC ACID
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., pg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal
range ,
Average
achievable
cone . ,
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part III,
pp. 104, 105.
2. Dobbs, R. A., R. J. Middendorf, and J. M. Cohen. Carbon Adsorption
Isotherms for Toxic Organics. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Cincinnati, Ohio, 1978.
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.14-5
-------
-------
Compound: Crotonaldehyde Formula; H
CH3CH=CHC,.
Alternate Names: 2-Butenal O
CAS #: 123-73-9
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 70.09 m.p., °C: -74 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 104-105
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Slight
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 37% of theoretical oxygen demand removed in 5-day BOD test
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.15-1
-------
D
0>
rt
-j
vo
en
I
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CROTONALDEHYDE9'
Raw wastewater
Q
Concentration, yg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Si
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
0>
fl-
CD
en
\
Ul
I
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CROTONALDEHYDEa/b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, Mg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
0>
ft
K>
tn
-J
vO
en
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR CROTONALDEHYDE
a,b
Treatment process
a
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone.,
Actual wastewater
Removal
range,
Average
achievable
cone., pg/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
a
See Volume III for detailed information.
3NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
>*
"Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. CRC Press, Inc. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 58th Edition,
Cleveland, Ohio, 1977. p. C-229.
2. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 201.
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.15-5
-------
-------
Compound; Acrolein
Alternate Names: Aqualin, Acrylaldehyde,
2-Propenal
CAS #: 107-02-8
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
Formula: H2C=CH-C-H
mol. wt.: 56.1
m.p.
°C: -87.7
b.p. (760 torr), °C: 52.5
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 220
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 671
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data [2]
pH: Not available
Type of carbon: Filtrasorb - 300
Absorbability: Not available
1,000
100
10
NOTE SCALE
,1
10 100
RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION, mg/L
1.000
Date: 8/13/79
1.14.16-1
-------
D
(U
ft
(D
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ACROLEIN*'
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Cpollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
CD
rt
to
\
en
H
•
(-•
4^
CO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ACROLEINa'b
Treated wastewater
£
Concentration, \iq/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
0)
ft
(D
ro
\
i/»
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR ACROLEIN
a,b
Treatment process
Gas flotation with chemical addition
(alum, polymer)
Filtration
Powdered activated carbon adsorption
Synthetic
Removal
range ,
%
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone. , MQ/L
Actual
Removal
range ,
%
od'e
>86d
30d
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone., (jg/L
_e
-------
REFERENCES
1. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 74.
2. Report on visit of D. Stephan and W. Cawley, U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, to Calgon Environmental Systems Division, Calgon Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 9 April 1979. 132 pp.
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.16-5
-------
-------
Compound: Furfural Formula; H
/°\ ^C=0
Alternate Names; Furfurole, 2-Furancarbonyl, c C
2-Furaldehyde, Fural, II II
Furfuraldehyde, Furole c c
CAS #; 98-01-1
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1-4]
mol. wt.: 96.09 m.p., °C: -38.7 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 162
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: ^1.65
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Not available
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 96% furfural removal (measured as COD removal) obtained
at 20°C in activated sludge at a rate of 37 mg COD/g dry
innoculum/hr
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.17-1
-------
rt
0>
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\
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INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF FURFURAL*'
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Q
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
rt
(D
\
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF FURFURAL3'b
I
to
Treated wastewater
Concentration, Mg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
0)
ro
tn
-j
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR FURFURAL3ft>
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range,c achievable references,
Treatment process % cone., M9/L % cone., pg/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. CRC Press, Inc. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 58th Edition.
Cleveland, Ohio, 1977. p. C-314.
2. Jordan, T. E. Vapor Pressure of Organic Compounds. Interscience
Publishers, Inc., New York, New York, 1954. p. 104.
3. Fitter, P. Determination of Biological Degradability of Organic Sub-
stances. Water Research, 10:1-5, 1976.
4. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 349.
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.17-5
-------
-------
Compound; Propylene oxide Formula; CHaCH-pHa
Alternate Names; 1,2-Epoxy-propane, Methyloxiron
CAS #; 75-56-9
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties tl-3]
mol. wt.: 58.08 m.p., °C: -104 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 34.3
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: ^530
solubility in water, mg/L: 650,000 at 30°C; 405,000 at 20°C
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 75% propylene oxide removal (measured as BOD removal)
obtained in 5-day static activated sludge test on a
333 mg/L solution
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.18-1
-------
a
(U
rt
(D
U)
-J
vo
00
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF PROPYLENE OXIDEa'b
Industry
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L Loading,0 kg/d
Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
rt
0>
en
CO
I
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF PROPYLENE OXIDE3/b
Treated wastewater
Industry
Concentration, (JQ/L
Minimum Maximum Mean
Loading, kg/d
Minimum Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
c
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
p»
ri-
ft
to
m
00
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATfcR TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR PROPYLENE OXIDE3/b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone., M9/L % cone., pq/L Section numbers
aSee Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 544.
2. CRC Press, Inc. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 58th Edition.
Cleveland, Ohio, 1977. p. C-448.
3. Jordan, T. E. Vapor Pressure of Organic Compounds. Interscience
Publishers, Inc., New York, New York, 1954. p. 118, plate 2.
4. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 544.
Date: 8/13/79 1.14.18-5
-------
-------
Compound: Methyl mercaptan Formula; H
H—C—S—H
Alternate Names; Methanethiol, Mercaptomethane, i
Methyl sulfhydrate, Thiomethyl H
alcohol
CAS #; 74-93-1
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 48.10 m.p., °C: -123 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 5.95
vapor pressure (25°C) , torr: Not available
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 23,330
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.15.1-1
-------
o
fu
rt
(D
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF METHYL MERCAPTAN3'
H
•
M
Ul
I
10
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
c
Loading / kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
ainformation contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
SU
ft
en
Ul
I
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF METHYL MERCAPTANa/b
Treated wastewater
Concentration, Mg/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
0*
ft
n
N)
\
01
Ui
I
*>.
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR METHYL MERCAPTAN3'b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range,c achievable references,
Treatment process % cone., uq/L % cone., uq/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Off-line Bibliographic Citation List Generated from the Toxicology Data
Bank by MEDLARS II, National Library of Medicine's National Interactive
Retrieval Service, Bethesda, Maryland, 11 June 1979. Part III,
pp. 130, 131.
Date: 8/13/79 1.15.1-5
-------
-------
Compound: Dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid Formula:
H°3S vXx-^V C12H25
Alternate Names; Benzenesulfonic acid, dodecyl
ester; Dodecylbenzenesulfonate
CAS #; 1886-81-3
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1, 2]
mol. wt.: 326.5 m.p., °C: Not available b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Not available
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: 99% removal (measured as COD removal) obtained at 20°C
in activated sludge as a rate of 11 mg COD/g dry
innoculum/hr
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data: Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.15.2-1
-------
vo
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OP DODECYL BENZENE SULFONIC ACID3'b
Raw wastewater
en
•
to
I
Concentration, pg/L Loading , kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
a
JD
ft
(D
K)
Ul
•
K)
I
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF DODECYL BENZENE SULFONIC ACIDa/t>
Treated wastewater
Concentration, MQ/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
rt
CD
K)
\
Ul
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE
FOR DODECYLBENZENE SULFONIC ACID3'
ui
•
NJ
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., ug/L
Actual wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., ug/L
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
"Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Fair-child, E. J. , R. J. Lewis, Sr., and R. L. Tatken. Registry of Toxic
Effects of Chemical Substances, Volume II. NIOSH-78-104B, National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1977.
p. 165.
2. Fitter, P. Determination of Biological Degradability of Organic Sub-
stances. Water Research, 10:1-5, 1976.
Date: 8/13/79 1.15.2-5
-------
-------
Compound: Cyclohexane Formula:
Alternate Names; Hexahydrobenzene,
Hexamethylene,
Hexanaphthene
CAS #: 110-82-7
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 84.16 m.p., °C: 6.3 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 81
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 77
solubility in water (20°C), mg/L: 55
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.15.3-1
-------
o
ft)
rt
(D
vo
u>
I
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INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CYCLOHEXANE3'
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
c
Loading r kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
r+
(D
\
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*^
vO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF CYCLOHEXANEa'b
Ul
I
CO
Concentration,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Treated
pg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading,
Minimum
kg/d
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
ft
(V
tn
OJ
I
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR CYCLOHEXANE3'
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process3 % cone., pg/L % cone., pg/L Section numbers
aSee Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
CAverage and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 204.
Date: 8/13/79 1.15.3-5
-------
-------
Compound: Isophorone Formula;
Alternate Names; Trimethylcyclohexenone,
Isooctaphenone, 3,5,5-
Trimethyl-2-cyclohexene-l-one
H \
CAS #; 78-59-1 H CH3
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1}
mol. wt.: 138.2 m.p., °C: -8 b.p. (760 torr), °C: 215
vapor pressure (20°C), torr: 0.38
solubility in water (temp, unknown), mg/L: 12,000
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate; Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.15.4-1
-------
0
DJ
ft
CD
fO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ISOPHORONE
a,b
Ul
I
M
Raw wastewater
Concentration, yg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Paint and ink formulation
Rubber processing
Auto and other laundries
Coil coating
Iron and steel manufacturing
Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
ND
ND
NA
ND
ND
NA
ND
Maximum
307
44,000d
NA
190
600
NA
29
Mean
44
NA
NA
10
300
4,000
1.6
Q
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
0
0
NA
9.0 x 10~6
0.015
0
0
Maximum
1.2
1.0
NA
0.014
0.54
NA
NA
Mean
0.17
0.035
NA
0.0021
0.14
720
0.085
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability
Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
'Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry
wastewater discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half
the reported maximum was utilized.
-------
D
&>
rt
(D
• •
M
KJ
\ INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ISOPHORONE*'
-j
Treated
Concentration, pg/L
Industry
Coal mining
Paint and ink formulation
Rubber processing
Auto and other laundries
I"1 Pharmaceutical manufacturing
M Foundries
^" Iron and steel manufacturing
*• Nonferrous metals manufacturing
Minimum
NA
ND
NA
ND
ND
<20
NA
ND
Maximum
ND
200
<7e
ND6
ND
<20
NA
6
Mean
ND
78
<7e
ND6
ND
<20
95
3
wastewater
Loading, kg/d
Minimum
_d
0
1.4 x,10~6
d
_d
0
0
0
Maximum
_d
0.0036
0,0062
a
_d
<0.13
NA
NA
Mean
_d
0.00012
0,00023
d
_d
<0.054
17
0.16
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
rlean pollutant concentration below detection limit.
One sample.
-------
Date:
M
\
Ul
vj
H
M
Ul
1
•U
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range , achievable
Treatment process % cone . , pg/L
Gravity oil separation
Gas flotation with chemical addition
(calcium chloride, polymer)
Sedimentation
Aerated lagoons
Activated sludge
Powdered activated carbon adsorption
ALTERNATIVE FOR ISOPHORONE*'
Actual
Removal
range ,
NA
>95d
49->97
33d
od'e
97d
wastewater
Average
achievable
cone . , pg/L
s*
ND
<23
2d
_e
30,000d
Volume III
references.
Section numbers
III.
III.
III.
III.
III.
III.
4.1
4.5
4.2
5.3
5.1
6.2
a
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
r*
"Average and maximum removals reported.
Only one data point.
a
"Actual data indicate negative removal.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York, 1977. p. 404.
Date: 8/13/79 1.15.4-5
-------
-------
Compound; Strychnine
Alternate Names:
Formula:
CAS #; 57-24-9
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 334.4
m.p.
5C: 268-290 b.p. (760 torr), °C:
270
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Not available
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79
1.15.5-1
-------
o
01
ft
vo
\
M
U>
ui
•
Ul
I
tO
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF STRYCHNINE3'b
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading ,
Minimum
kg/d
Maximum
Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£•
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
G
(U
rt
X
yi
X
-o
en
I
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF STRYCHNINE9'
Treated wastewater
Concentration, M9/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
SU
ft
(D
K;
in
ui
•
ui
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR STRYCHNINE3'b
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone., ug/L % cone., ug/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. The Chemical Rubber Company. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 48th
Edition. Cleveland, Ohio, 1967. pp. C-546, 547.
Date: 8/13/79 1.15.5-5
-------
-------
Compound; 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo- Formula;
p-dioxin
Alternate Names; TCDD
CAS j: 1746-01-6
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 322 m.p., °C: Not available b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (25°C), mg/L: Not available
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate: No specific data, but TCDD is extremely toxic and very
resistant to all forms of degradation
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79 1.15.6-1
-------
o
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*
H
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INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 2, 3, 7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-p-DIOXINa'b
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading , kg/d
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
CPollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
D
ft)
rt
to
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INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBEN20-P-DIOXINa'b
Treated wastewater
M
•
M
Ul
I
U)
Concentration, yq/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
^
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
D>
en
-o
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE
FOR 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-p-DIOXIN
a,b
Treatment process
Synthetic wastewater
Removal Average
range, achievable
% cone., pg/L
Actual wastewater
Removal
range,
Average
achievable
cone., |jg/L
Volume III
references,
Section numbers
01
I
•u
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
ft
"Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Fairchild, E. J., R. J. Lewis, Sr., and R. L. Tatken. Registry of Toxic
Effects of Chemical Substances, Volume II. NIOSH-78-104B, National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1977.
p. 358.
Date: 8/13/79 1.15.6-5
-------
-------
0 0
S-O-Zn-O-S
a ft
H H
Compound; Zinc phenol sulfonate Formula;
Alternate Names; Zinc salt of 4-Hydroxy-
benzenesulfonic acid
CAS #: 127-82-2
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties [1]
mol. wt.: 411.7 m.p., °C: Not available b.p. (760 torr), °C: Not available
vapor pressure (25°C), torr: Not available
solubility in water (temp, unknown), mg/L: 625,000
log octanol/water partition coefficient: Not available
Henry's law constant: Not available
biodegradability: Not available
Probable Fate: Not available
photolysis:
oxidation:
hydrolysis:
volatilization:
sorption:
biological processes:
other reactions/interactions:
Carbon Adsorption Data; Not available
Date: 8/13/79
1.15.7-1
-------
0
0)
ft
-j
vo
H
to
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ZINC PHENOL SULFONATEa'b
Concentration ,
Industry
Minimum
Maximum
Raw
yg/L
Mean
wastewater
Loading ,
Minimum
1 kg/d
Maximum
Mean
a
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
b
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
£
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
o
01
{+
(D
H
N)
-O
VD
H
I
U)
INDUSTRIAL OCCURRENCE OF ZINC PHENOL SULFONATE*'*3
Treated wastewater
Concentration, MQ/L Loading, kg/d
Industry Minimum Maximum Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
Information contained in this table was obtained from Volume II of the Treatability Manual.
NA - not available; ND - not detected; BDL - below detection limit.
Q
Pollutant loadings determined by multiplying mean pollutant concentration by industry wastewater
discharges as reported in Section 1.3; where mean is not available, one-half the reported maximum
was utilized.
-------
rt
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to
\
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a b
POLLUTANT REMOVABILITY/TREATABILITY WASTEWATER -TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR ZINC PHENOL SULFONATE '
Synthetic wastewater Actual wastewater
Removal Average Removal Average Volume III
range, achievable range, achievable references,
Treatment process % cone. , pg/L % __ cone., pq/L Section numbers
See Volume III for detailed information.
NA - Not available, ND - not detected, BDL - below detection limit.
£
Average and maximum removals reported.
-------
REFERENCES
1. Merck and Co., Inc. The Merck Index, Ninth Edition. Rahway, New Jersey,
1976. p. 1309.
Date: 8/13/79 1.15.7-5
-------
|